UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
þQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
  
 For the quarterly period ended October 28, 2017May 5, 2018
  
 or
  
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
  
 
For the transition period from           to          
 
Commission File Number: 1-4365
 
OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Georgia 58-0831862
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
 
999 Peachtree Street, N.E., Suite 688, Atlanta, Georgia 30309
(Address of principal executive offices)                               (Zip Code)
 
(404) 659-2424
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer x
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer ¨
Smaller reporting company ¨
Emerging growth company ¨
  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)  
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ¨ No þ
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.



 
  Number of shares outstanding
Title of each class as of December 1, 2017May 31, 2018
Common Stock, $1 par value 16,833,20416,936,543


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OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC.
INDEX TO FORM 10-Q
For the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018
 
 Page
  
 
  
 
  
 
  


CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 
Our SEC filings and public announcements may include forward-looking statements about future events. Generally, the words "believe," "expect," "intend," "estimate," "anticipate," "project," "will" and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements, which typically are not historical in nature. We intend for all forward-looking statements contained herein, in our press releases or on our website, and all subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf, to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and the provisions of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (which Sections were adopted as part of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995). Such statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions including, without limitation, competitive conditions, which may be impacted by evolving consumer shopping patterns; the impact of economic conditions on consumer demand and spending for apparel and related products, particularly in light of general economic uncertainty;products; demand for our products; timing of shipments requested by our wholesale customers; expected pricing levels; retention of and disciplined execution by key management; the timing and cost of store openings and of planned capital expenditures; weather; changes in international, federal or state tax, trade and other laws and regulations, including the impact of potential federal tax reform in the United States;regulations; costs of products as well as the raw materials used in those products; costs of labor; acquisition and disposition activities;activities, including our ability to timely recognize our expected synergies from any acquisitions we pursue; expected outcomes of pending or potential litigation and regulatory actions; access to capital and/or credit markets; our ability to timely recognize our expected synergies from any acquisitions we pursue; and factors that could affect our consolidated effective tax rate, such asincluding the resultsimpact of foreign operations or stock based compensation.the recently enacted U.S. Tax Reform. Forward-looking statements reflect our expectations at the time such forward looking statements are made, based on information available at such time, and are not guarantees of performance. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, these expectations could prove inaccurate as such statements involve risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our ability to control or predict. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties, or other risks or uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial, materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, estimated or projected. Important factors relating to these risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 20162017, and those described from time to time in our future reports filed with the SEC. We caution that one should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made. We disclaim any intention, obligation or duty to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

DEFINITIONS 

As used in this report, unless the context requires otherwise, "our," "us" or "we" means Oxford Industries, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries; "SG&A" means selling, general and administrative expenses; "SEC" means U.S.the United States Securities and Exchange Commission; "FASB" means Financial Accounting Standards Board; "ASC" means the FASB Accounting Standards Codification; "GAAP" means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States; and "discontinued operations" means the assets and operations of our former Ben Sherman operating group which we sold in Fiscal 2015.2015; and "U.S. Tax Reform" means the United States Tax Cuts and Jobs Act as enacted on December 22, 2017. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses or other information in this report reflect continuing operations. Additionally, the terms listed below reflect the respective period noted:

Fiscal 201952 weeks ending February 1, 2020
Fiscal 2018 52 weeks ending February 2, 2019
Fiscal 2017 53 weeks endingended February 3, 2018
Fiscal 2016 52 weeks ended January 28, 2017
Fourth Quarter Fiscal 20152018 5213 weeks ending February 2, 2019
Third Quarter Fiscal 201813 weeks ending November 3, 2018
Second Quarter Fiscal 201813 weeks ending August 4, 2018
First Quarter Fiscal 201813 weeks ended January 30, 2016May 5, 2018
Fourth Quarter Fiscal 2017 14 weeks endingended February 3, 2018
Third Quarter Fiscal 2017 13 weeks ended October 28, 2017
Second Quarter Fiscal 2017 13 weeks ended July 29, 2017
First Quarter Fiscal 2017 13 weeks ended April 29, 2017
Fourth Quarter Fiscal 201613 weeks ended January 28, 2017
Third Quarter Fiscal 201613 weeks ended October 29, 2016
Second Quarter Fiscal 201613 weeks ended July 30, 2016
First Quarter Fiscal 201613 weeks ended April 30, 2016
First Nine Months Fiscal 201739 weeks ended October 28, 2017
First Nine Months Fiscal 201639 weeks ended October 29, 2016
First Half Fiscal 201726 weeks ended July 29, 2017
First Half Fiscal 201626 weeks ended July 30, 2016





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PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par amounts)
(unaudited)
October 28,
2017
 January 28,
2017
 October 29,
2016
May 5,
2018
 February 3,
2018
 April 29,
2017
ASSETS 
  
  
 
  
  
Current Assets 
  
  
 
  
  
Cash and cash equivalents$6,077
 $6,332
 $5,351
$4,662
 $6,343
 $6,554
Receivables, net73,724
 58,279
 68,492
81,274
 67,542
 79,042
Inventories, net127,301
 142,175
 136,383
132,342
 126,812
 127,061
Prepaid expenses27,619
 24,842
 29,558
Prepaid expenses and other current assets31,994
 35,421
 24,325
Total Current Assets$234,721
 $231,628
 $239,784
$250,272
 $236,118
 $236,982
Property and equipment, net191,038
 193,931
 195,799
196,734
 193,533
 192,734
Intangible assets, net175,057
 175,245
 185,957
178,111
 178,858
 174,603
Goodwill63,443
 60,015
 51,053
66,577
 66,703
 60,002
Other non-current assets, net24,250
 24,340
 22,882
25,037
 24,729
 24,258
Total Assets$688,509
 $685,159
 $695,475
$716,731
 $699,941
 $688,579
          
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 
  
  
 
  
  
Current Liabilities 
  
  
 
  
  
Accounts payable$59,230
 $76,825
 $53,144
$51,615
 $66,175
 $63,982
Accrued compensation24,434
 19,711
 18,181
19,153
 29,941
 16,593
Other accrued expenses and liabilities30,542
 32,000
 26,358
40,421
 36,802
 35,591
Liabilities related to discontinued operations3,709
 2,860
 

 2,092
 3,143
Total Current Liabilities$117,915
 $131,396
 $97,683
$111,189
 $135,010
 $119,309
Long-term debt72,131
 91,509
 142,425
72,244
 45,809
 93,289
Other non-current liabilities73,487
 70,002
 69,176
73,588
 74,029
 69,370
Deferred taxes16,829
 13,578
 13,643
16,045
 15,269
 16,183
Liabilities related to discontinued operations972
 2,544
 3,279

 
 2,022
Commitments and contingencies

 

 



 

 

Shareholders’ Equity 
  
  
 
  
  
Common stock, $1.00 par value per share16,833
 16,769
 16,773
16,937
 16,839
 16,821
Additional paid-in capital134,561
 131,144
 129,762
136,297
 136,664
 131,011
Retained earnings260,809
 233,493
 228,016
295,086
 280,395
 246,136
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(5,028) (5,276) (5,282)(4,655) (4,074) (5,562)
Total Shareholders’ Equity$407,175
 $376,130
 $369,269
$443,665
 $429,824
 $388,406
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity$688,509
 $685,159
 $695,475
$716,731
 $699,941
 $688,579
 
See accompanying notes.
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OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 (unaudited)
Third Quarter Fiscal 2017 Third Quarter Fiscal 2016 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017 First Nine Months Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018 First Quarter Fiscal 2017 
Net sales$235,960
 $222,308
 $793,032
 $761,539
$272,628
 $272,363
 
Cost of goods sold110,784
 104,254
 342,477
 327,225
108,482
 112,953
 
Gross profit$125,176
 $118,054
 $450,555
 $434,314
$164,146
 $159,410
 
SG&A127,091
 121,442
 393,193
 374,379
139,720
 133,191
 
Royalties and other operating income3,039
 3,061
 10,123
 10,433
3,947
 3,740
 
Operating income (loss)$1,124
 $(327) $67,485
 $70,368
Operating income$28,373
 $29,959
 
Interest expense, net683
 716
 2,355
 2,505
781
 930
 
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes$441
 $(1,043) $65,130
 $67,863
Earnings before income taxes$27,592
 $29,029
 
Income taxes(631) 555
 24,172
 25,408
7,025
 11,832
 
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations$1,072
 $(1,598) $40,958
 $42,455
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of taxes
 
 
 
Net earnings (loss)$1,072
 $(1,598) $40,958
 $42,455
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations per share: 
  
  
  
Net earnings$20,567
 $17,197
 
    
Net earnings per share: 
  
 
Basic$0.06
 $(0.10) $2.47
 $2.57
$1.24
 $1.04
 
Diluted$0.06
 $(0.10) $2.45
 $2.55
$1.23
 $1.03
 
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of taxes, per share:       
Basic$
 $
 $
 $
Diluted$
 $
 $
 $
Net earnings (loss) per share:       
Basic$0.06
 $(0.10) $2.47
 $2.57
Diluted$0.06
 $(0.10) $2.45
 $2.55
    
Weighted average shares outstanding: 
  
  
  
 
  
 
Basic16,618
 16,531
 16,591
 16,516
16,639
 16,549
 
Diluted16,735
 16,531
 16,710
 16,635
16,769
 16,695
 
    
Dividends declared per share$0.27
 $0.27
 $0.81
 $0.81
$0.34
 $0.27
 
 
See accompanying notes.

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OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017 Third Quarter Fiscal 2016 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017 First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Net earnings (loss)$1,072
 $(1,598) $40,958
 $42,455
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes: 
  
  
  
Net foreign currency translation adjustment(617) (172) 248
 1,547
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxes$(617) $(172) $248
 $1,547
Comprehensive income (loss)$455
 $(1,770) $41,206
 $44,002
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018 First Quarter Fiscal 2017 
Net earnings$20,567
 $17,197
 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes: 
  
 
Net foreign currency translation adjustment(581) (286) 
Total other comprehensive loss, net of taxes$(581) $(286) 
Comprehensive income$19,986
 $16,911
 
 
See accompanying notes.

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OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
First Nine Months Fiscal 2017 First Nine Months Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018 First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Cash Flows From Operating Activities: 
  
 
  
Net earnings$40,958
 $42,455
$20,567
 $17,197
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation29,779
 29,070
9,435
 9,651
Amortization of intangible assets1,733
 1,744
691
 539
Equity compensation expense4,616
 5,332
1,718
 1,739
Amortization of deferred financing costs317
 586
106
 105
Deferred income taxes3,376
 6,008
660
 2,605
Changes in working capital, net of acquisitions and dispositions:      
Receivables, net(17,227) (2,204)(13,795) (20,474)
Inventories, net17,017
 10,118
(5,763) 15,000
Prepaid expenses(2,713) (6,510)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets3,402
 508
Current liabilities(14,217) (33,229)(23,429) (12,171)
Other non-current assets, net(241) (717)(395) 7
Other non-current liabilities1,880
 654
(341) (1,095)
Cash provided by operating activities$65,278
 $53,307
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities$(7,144) $13,611
Cash Flows From Investing Activities: 
  
 
  
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(5,055) (94,960)(302) (225)
Purchases of property and equipment(26,357) (40,144)(12,838) (8,545)
Other investing activities
 (2,029)
Cash used in investing activities$(31,412) $(137,133)$(13,140) $(8,770)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities: 
  
 
  
Repayment of revolving credit arrangements(199,765) (339,560)(64,265) (67,373)
Proceeds from revolving credit arrangements180,387
 438,010
90,700
 69,153
Deferred financing costs paid
 (1,430)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock1,071
 993
384
 386
Repurchase of equity awards for employee tax withholding liabilities(2,206) (1,868)(2,372) (2,206)
Cash dividends declared and paid(13,641) (13,590)(5,758) (4,552)
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities$(34,154) $82,555
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities$18,689
 $(4,592)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents$(288) $(1,271)$(1,595) $249
Effect of foreign currency translation on cash and cash equivalents33
 299
(86) (27)
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year6,332
 6,323
6,343
 6,332
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period$6,077
 $5,351
$4,662
 $6,554
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: 
  
 
  
Cash paid for interest, net$2,098
 $2,067
$635
 $876
Cash paid for income taxes$19,536
 $26,103
$334
 $833

See accompanying notes.
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OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)
THIRDFIRST QUARTER OF FISCAL 20172018
 
1.
Basis of Presentation:  The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial reporting and the instructions of Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements.  We believe the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal, recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations as of the dates and for the periods presented.  Results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for our full fiscal year.  The significant accounting policies applied during the interim periods presented are consistent with the significant accounting policies described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 20162017.

In order to conform to current period classification, certain gift with purchase amounts, totaling $0.2 million and $1.8 million previously reported as SG&A, have been reclassified to cost of goods sold for the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 and the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, respectively. This reclassification resulted in a decrease in SG&A and a corresponding increase in cost of goods sold in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 and the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, with no impact on previously reported net earnings (loss).
In January 2017, the FASB issued new guidance that provides a more narrow framework for evaluating whether a set of assets and activities constitute a business. We early adopted this guidance in the Second Quarter of Fiscal 2017. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact upon adoption. The impact of the guidance in the future will depend on the facts and circumstances of any specific future transactions.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Applicable to Future Periods
In February 2016, the FASB issued revised lease accounting guidance. The guidance will require companies to record substantially all leases as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. For these leases, we will be required to recognize (1) a right to use asset which will represent our right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset for a lease term and (2) a lease liability equal to our obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease measured on a discounted basis. Also, the revised guidance will require additional qualitative and quantitative footnote disclosures in our consolidated financial statements. This guidance will be effective in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2019 with early adoption permitted. The guidance requires the use of the modified retrospective transition approach, which includes a number of optional practical expedients that companies may elect to apply. In March 2018, the FASB approved a new, optional transition method that will provide companies the option to use the effective date as the date of initial application on transition.
We are in the process of evaluating the potential impact of the revised lease accounting guidance on our consolidated balance sheet, statement of operations and statement of cash flows, as well as our systems, processes and controls. This plan includes assessing lease arrangements, evaluating practical expedient and policy elections, implementing software to meet the accounting and reporting requirements of the guidance and identifying changes to our business processes and controls to support the adoption of the revised guidance. Considering the magnitude of our existing operating leases to our business operations, we anticipate that the new lease guidance will have a significant impact on our consolidated balance sheet by requiring the recognition of a significant amount of lease-related right of use assets and liabilities. While we are still evaluating the potential impact of the revised guidance, we do not anticipate the adoption of the guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated statement of operations and statement of cash flows.
In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance on the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This guidance amends the impairment model by requiring companies to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain financial instruments, including trade receivables. This guidance will be effective in Fiscal 2020 with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing the impact that adopting this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.
2.     Operating Group Information:  Our business is primarily operated through our Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer, Lanier Apparel and Southern Tide operating groups. We identify our operating groups based on the way our management organizes the components of our business for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. Our operating group structure reflects a brand-focused management approach, emphasizing operational coordination and resource allocation across each brand's direct to consumer, wholesale and licensing operations, as applicable.
Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide each design, source, market and distribute apparel and related products bearing their respective trademarks and license their trademarks for other product categories, while Lanier Apparel designs, sources and distributes branded and private label men's tailored clothing, sportswear and other products. Corporate and Other is a reconciling category for reporting purposes and includes our corporate offices, substantially all financing activities, elimination of inter-segment sales, LIFO accounting adjustments for inventory, other costs that are not allocated to the operating groups and operations of our other businesses which are not included in our operating groups. Corporate and Other includes the operations of our Lyons, Georgia distribution center and The Beaufort Bonnet Company, which we refer to as TBBC, which we acquired in December 2017. Our LIFO inventory pool does not correspond to our operating group definitions; therefore, LIFO inventory accounting adjustments are not allocated to our operating groups. For a more extensive description of our operating groups, see Part I, Item 1. Business included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2017. The table below presents certain financial information (in thousands) about our operating groups, as well as Corporate and Other.
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 First Quarter Fiscal 2018 First Quarter Fiscal 2017 
Net sales    
Tommy Bahama$167,132
 $172,496
 
Lilly Pulitzer68,627
 63,343
 
Lanier Apparel19,909
 23,356
 
Southern Tide13,472
 12,642
 
Corporate and Other3,488
 526
 
Total net sales$272,628
 $272,363
 
Depreciation and amortization    
Tommy Bahama$7,066
 $7,574
 
Lilly Pulitzer2,479
 1,995
 
Lanier Apparel141
 148
 
Southern Tide125
 106
 
Corporate and Other315
 367
 
Total depreciation and amortization$10,126
 $10,190
 
Operating income (loss)    
Tommy Bahama$14,303
 $16,038
 
Lilly Pulitzer15,826
 17,687
 
Lanier Apparel362
 858
 
Southern Tide2,487
 2,104
 
Corporate and Other(4,605) (6,728) 
Total operating income$28,373
 $29,959
 
Interest expense, net781
 930
 
Earnings before income taxes$27,592
 $29,029
 

3.     Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss: Substantially all amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in our consolidated balance sheets, as well as any related changes, for each period presented, reflect the net foreign currency translation adjustment related to our Tommy Bahama operations in Canada, Japan and Australia. No amounts of accumulated other comprehensive loss were reclassified to our consolidated statements of operations during any period presented.

4.     Income Taxes: U.S. Tax Reform, as enacted on December 22, 2017, made significant changes in the taxation of our domestic and foreign earnings. The federal corporate tax rate was lowered from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018, resulting in a blended federal rate applicable to our fiscal year ended February 3, 2018 to reflect the weighted average of the rate applicable to the period prior to the effective date and the period on and after the effective date. The change in the federal corporate tax rate also required revaluation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect the enacted rate at which we expect those differences to reverse. U.S. Tax Reform moved the U.S. to a territorial taxation system under which the earnings of foreign subsidiaries will generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax upon distribution and imposed a one-time transition tax on the amount of previously untaxed earnings of those foreign subsidiaries measured as of November 2, 2017 or December 31, 2017, whichever resulted in the greater taxable amount. Additional changes included the increase in bonus depreciation available for certain assets acquired after September 27, 2017 and limitations on the deduction for certain expenses, including executive compensation and interest incurred in taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. New taxes were imposed related to foreign income including, for years beginning after December 31, 2017, a tax on global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”), disallowance of deductions for certain payments (the base erosion anti-abuse tax, or “BEAT”) and new deductions enacted for certain foreign-derived intangible income (“FDII”).
The SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”), which provides us with up to one year to finalize accounting for the impacts of U.S. Tax Reform. Since our initial accounting for U.S Tax Reform impact is incomplete, we may include provisional amounts when reasonable estimates can be made or continue to apply the prior tax law if a reasonable estimate cannot be made. In accordance with SAB 118, as of May 5, 2018 and February 3, 2018, we estimated provisional tax amounts related to our deferred income tax assets and liabilities, including the impacts of the change in the federal corporate tax rate, deductions for executive compensation, our indefinite reinvestment assertion, the transition tax, GILTI, BEAT and FDII. Also,
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as of May 5, 2018 and February 3, 2018, we have not yet elected an accounting policy related to how we will account for GILTI and therefore have not provided any deferred tax impacts of GILTI in our consolidated financial statements. Further, as of May 5, 2018 and February 3, 2018, we continue to assert that our investments in foreign subsidiaries and related earnings are permanently reinvested outside of the United States on a provisional basis, and thus we have not recorded any deferred tax liabilities related to these investments and earnings.

As a result of the provisional revaluation impact on our deferred taxes and certain other items related to U.S. Tax Reform, we recognized a reduction in tax expense of $11.5 million in our Fiscal 2017 statement of operations. During the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018, we did not recognize any measurement period adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized during Fiscal 2017. We are still finalizing our calculations related to the impact of U.S. Tax Reform. In accordance with SAB 118, we are required to finalize our accounting for the impacts of U.S. Tax Reform during Fiscal 2018.

The effective tax rate for the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 decreased from the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017, primarily due to the lower federal corporate tax rate resulting from U.S. Tax Reform. Our effective tax rate for the full year of Fiscal 2018 is expected to be approximately 26%, which includes the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% and state income taxes, net of the related federal income tax benefit; the rate differential related to foreign operations; valuation allowances against operating losses and other carryforwards; the excess tax benefit related to restricted stock vesting; and any other items impacting the effective tax rate. In addition to the typical items that may result in an effective tax rate that differs from our expectations, the effective rate for Fiscal 2018 may vary from 26% as a result of adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized for U.S. Tax Reform as discussed above. The final impact of U.S. Tax Reform may differ from our provisional amounts recognized in Fiscal 2017 due to, among other things, additional regulatory guidance that may be issued, us obtaining additional information to refine our estimated tax amounts and changes in current interpretations and assumptions.

5.     Accounting Standards Adopted in Fiscal 2018:

Revenue Recognition for Contracts with Customers

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance which providesprovided a single, comprehensive accounting model for revenue arising from contracts with customers. This guidance has beenwas revised and clarified through supplemental adoption guidance subsequent to May 2014. This new revenue recognition guidance supersedessuperseded most of the existingprior revenue recognition guidance, which specifiesspecified that revenue isshould be recognized when risks and rewards transfer to a customer. Under the new guidance, revenue willis recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be recognizedreceived for those goods and services pursuant to a five-step approach: (1) identify the contracts with the customer; (2) identify the separate performance obligations in the contracts; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to separate performance obligations; and (5) recognize revenue when, or as, each performance obligation is satisfied. The new guidance also requires additional disclosures about the nature, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flow arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments.

We have reviewed our revenue streams, including retail, e-commerce, restaurant, wholesale, gift card breakage and royalty income, to evaluate the potential impact of the adoption ofadopted the revised revenue recognition guidance on our consolidated financial statements. While we continue to assess all of the potential impacts of the new guidance, we do not expect the implementation of the guidance will have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position. We currently anticipate utilizing the modified retrospective method of adoption allowed by the guidance and plan to adopt the standard as of the first day of the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018.
In February 2016, the FASB issued a new accounting standard on leasing. The new standard will require companies to record most leases as assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. For these leases, we will be required to recognize a right to use asset and lease liability for the obligations created by the leases. This guidance will be effective in Fiscal 2019 with early adoption permitted. The guidance requires the use of2018 using the modified retrospective transition approach.method, applying the guidance only to contracts that were not completed prior to Fiscal 2018. We are currently inhave implemented this guidance for all contracts at the processeffective date. There was no adjustment for the cumulative effect of evaluatingapplying the guidance to retained earnings upon adoption. We have changed our accounting policies and practices and designed and implemented specific controls over our evaluation of the impact of the new guidance, onincluding disclosure requirements and the collection of relevant data for the reporting process.
Our revenue streams consist of direct to consumer sales, including retail store, e-commerce and restaurant operations, and wholesale sales, as well as royalty income, which is included in royalties and other income in our consolidated financial statements. Consideringstatements of operations. The table below quantifies the magnitudeamount of net sales by distribution channel (in thousands) and as a percentage of net sales.
 First Quarter of Fiscal 2018First Quarter of Fiscal 2017
Retail$107,735
40%$102,663
38%
E-commerce44,522
16%35,673
13%
Restaurant25,293
9%23,409
9%
Wholesale94,376
35%109,850
40%
Other702
%768
%
Net sales$272,628
100%$272,363
100%
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The tables below provide net sales by operating group (in thousands) and the percentage of net sales by distribution channel for each operating group.
 First Quarter of Fiscal 2018
 Net SalesRetailE-commerceRestaurantWholesaleOther
Tommy Bahama$167,132
46%15%15%24%—%
Lilly Pulitzer68,627
44%24%—%32%—%
Lanier Apparel19,909
—%—%—%100%—%
Southern Tide13,472
—%12%—%88%—%
Corporate and Other3,488
—%60%—%23%17%
       
 First Quarter of Fiscal 2017
 Net SalesRetailE-commerceRestaurantWholesaleOther
Tommy Bahama$172,496
46%12%14%28%—%
Lilly Pulitzer63,343
37%20%—%43%—%
Lanier Apparel23,356
—%—%—%100%—%
Southern Tide12,642
—%12%—%88%—%
Corporate and Other526
—%—%—%—%100%
Revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of the contracts with our customers are satisfied. Our performance obligation generally consists of delivering our products to our direct to consumer and wholesale customers. Control of the products is generally transferred upon providing the products to consumers in our brick and mortar retail stores and restaurants, upon physical delivery of the products to consumers in our e-commerce operations and upon shipment from the distribution center to customers in our wholesale operations. Once control is transferred to the customer, we have completed our performance obligations related to the contract. After completion of our existing operating leases,performance obligation, we anticipatehave an unconditional right to consideration as outlined in the contract. Our receivables resulting from contracts with customers in our direct to consumer operations are generally collected within a few days, upon settlement of the credit card transaction. Our receivables resulting from contracts with our customers in our wholesale operations are generally collected within one quarter, in accordance with established credit terms. All of our performance obligations under the terms of our contracts with customers in our direct to consumer and wholesale operations have an expected original duration of one year or less. Our revenue, including any freight income, is recognized net of applicable taxes in our consolidated statements of operations.
In our direct to consumer operations, consumers have certain rights to return products within a specified period and are eligible for certain point of sale discounts, thus retail store, e-commerce and restaurant revenues are recorded net of estimated returns and discounts, as applicable. The sales return allowance is recognized on a gross basis, with the recognition of a return liability for the estimated amount of sales that would be returned and a return asset for the new lease guidance will have a significant impact onright to recover the goods returned by the customer, measured at the previous carrying amounts of the goods. The value of inventory associated with right to recover the goods returned are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in our consolidated balance sheet as of May 5, 2018, whereas in all prior periods those amounts were included in inventories. The changes in the return liability are recognized in net sales in our consolidated statements of operations and the changes in the return asset are recognized in cost of goods sold in our consolidated statements of operations for all periods presented.
In the ordinary course in certain of our wholesale operations, we offer discounts, allowances and cooperative advertising support to our wholesale customers. Certain of these arrangements are written agreements, while others may be implied by requiringcustomary practices or expectations in the recognitionindustry. Wholesale sales are recorded net of such discounts, allowances and cooperative advertising support for our customers, operational chargebacks and provisions for estimated wholesale returns. As certain allowances, other deductions and returns are not finalized until the end of a season, program or other event which may not have occurred yet, we estimate such discounts, allowances and returns on an ongoing basis to estimate the consideration from the customer that we expect to ultimately receive. In accordance with the new revenue recognition guidance, we only recognize revenue to the extent that it is probable that we will not recognize a significant reversal of revenue when the uncertainties related to the variability are ultimately resolved. Significant considerations in determining our estimates for discounts, allowances, operational chargebacks and returns for wholesale customers may include historical and current trends, agreements with customers, projected seasonal results, an evaluation of current economic conditions, specific program or product expectations and retailer performance. We record the discounts, returns and allowances as a reduction to net sales in our consolidated statements of operations and as a reduction to receivables, net in our consolidated balance sheets, with the estimated value of inventory expected to be returned in prepaid expenses and other current assets in our consolidated balance
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sheets as of May 5, 2018. As of May 5, 2018, February 3, 2018 and April 29, 2017, reserve balances recorded as a reduction to receivables related to these items were $6 million, $7 million and $9 million, respectively.
In addition to trade and other receivables, an income tax receivable of $5 million is included in receivables, net in our consolidated balance sheet as of both May 5, 2018 and February 3, 2018, with no material income tax receivable as of April 29, 2017. Substantially all other amounts recognized in receivables, net as of those dates represent receivables related to contracts with customers. As of May 5, 2018, prepaid expenses and other current assets includes $3 million representing the estimate of the value of inventory for wholesale and direct to consumer sales returns, which would have been recognized in inventories pursuant to the previous guidance, while the estimated sales returns amount of lease-related$5 million for expected direct to consumer returns is classified in other accrued expenses and liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet as of May 5, 2018. We do not have any significant contract assets related to contracts with customers, other than receivables and liabilities.the value of inventory associated with reserves for expected sales returns, as of May 5, 2018, February 3, 2018 or April 29, 2017. In addition to our estimated return amounts, our contract liabilities related to contracts with customers include gift cards and merchandise credits issued by us, which do not have an expiration date, but are redeemable on demand by the holder of the card. Substantially all gift cards and merchandise credits are redeemed within one year of issuance.
In June 2016,Gift cards and merchandise credits are recorded as a liability until our performance obligation is satisfied, which occurs when redeemed by the FASB issued revised guidanceconsumer, at which point revenue is recognized. However, we recognize breakage income for gift cards and merchandise credits using the redemption recognition method, subject to applicable laws in certain states. Contract liabilities for gift cards purchased by consumers and merchandise credits received by customers but not yet redeemed, less any breakage income recognized to date, is included in other accrued expenses and liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets and totaled $10 million, $10 million and $9 million as of May 5, 2018, February 3, 2018, and April 29, 2017, respectively. Gift card breakage, which was not material in any period presented, is included in net sales in our consolidated statements of operations.
Royalties from the license of our owned brands, which are generally based on the measurementgreater of credit losses on financial instruments. This guidance amendsa percentage of the impairment modellicensee's actual net sales or a contractually determined minimum royalty amount, are recognized over time based upon the guaranteed minimum levels and adjusted as sales data, or estimates thereof, is received from licensees. Royalty income represents substantially all of the amounts included in royalties and other operating income in our consolidated statements of operations.
We have made the following accounting policy elections and practical expedients related to the new revenue recognition guidance:
We exclude any taxes collected from customers that are remitted to taxing authorities from net sales;
We deem charges incurred by requiring companies tous before and after the customer obtains control of goods, as applicable, as fulfillment costs;
As customer payment terms are less than one year from the transfer of goods, we do not adjust receivable amounts for the effects of time value of money; and
We utilize the portfolio approach when multiple contracts or performance obligations are involved in the determination of revenue recognition.
We do not believe the use of any practical expedients utilized by us had a forward-looking approach based on expected losses to estimate credit losses on certain financial instruments, including trade receivables. This guidance will be effective in Fiscal 2020 with early adoption permitted. We are currently assessing thematerial impact that adopting this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.statements upon our adoption of the revised guidance.
Deferred income taxes for intra-entity asset transfers
In October 2016, the FASB issued revised guidance on the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for intra-entity asset transfers. The revised guidance requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset (other than inventory) when the transfer occurs. ThisWe adopted this guidance will be effective in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018, with early adoption permitted. The guidance requires the use of the modified retrospective method of adoption which resultsresulting in a cumulative adjustment$0.1 million reduction to retained earnings as of the beginning of theFebruary 4, 2018 and no impact on net earnings for any period of adoption. We are currently in the process of assessing the impact that adopting this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.
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In January 2017, the FASB issued revised guidance on the subsequent measurement of goodwill which eliminates the second step from the quantitative goodwill impairment test. The revised guidance requires companies to compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and record an impairment charge for the amount that the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, up to the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. This guidance will be effective in 2020 with early adoption permitted for goodwill impairment testing dates after January 1, 2017. We are currently assessing the impact that adopting this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.
2.
Operating Group Information:  Our business is primarily operated through our Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer, Lanier Apparel and Southern Tide operating groups. We acquired Southern Tide on April 19, 2016 during the First Quarter of Fiscal 2016. We identify our operating groups based on the way our management organizes the components of our business for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance. Our operating group structure reflects a brand-focused management approach, emphasizing operational coordination and resource allocation across each brand's direct to consumer, wholesale and licensing operations, as applicable.

Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide each design, source, market and distribute apparel and related products bearing their respective trademarks and also license their trademarks for other product categories, while Lanier Apparel designs, sources and distributes branded and private label products. Corporate and Other is a reconciling category for reporting purposes and includes our corporate offices, substantially all financing activities, elimination of inter-segment sales, LIFO accounting adjustments for inventory, other costs that are not allocated to the operating groups and operations of our other businesses which are not included in our operating groups, including our Lyons, Georgia distribution center operations. For a more extensive description of our Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer, Lanier Apparel and Southern Tide operating groups, see Part I, Item 1. Business included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016. The table below presents certain financial information (in thousands) about our operating groups, as well as Corporate and Other.
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017 Third Quarter Fiscal 2016 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017 First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Net sales       
Tommy Bahama$123,895
 $125,966
 $483,971
 $472,796
Lilly Pulitzer59,244
 52,319
 192,045
 186,777
Lanier Apparel43,110
 35,065
 84,314
 81,217
Southern Tide9,217
 8,687
 31,254
 19,267
Corporate and Other494
 271
 1,448
 1,482
Total net sales$235,960
 $222,308
 $793,032
 $761,539
Depreciation and amortization       
Tommy Bahama$8,033
 $7,756
 $23,321
 $23,331
Lilly Pulitzer2,303
 1,956
 6,377
 5,551
Lanier Apparel145
 123
 443
 335
Southern Tide108
 191
 317
 457
Corporate and Other355
 389
 1,054
 1,140
Total depreciation and amortization$10,944
 $10,415
 $31,512
 $30,814
Operating income (loss)       
Tommy Bahama$(5,872) $(7,133) $32,082
 $26,761
Lilly Pulitzer4,952
 6,212
 43,621
 49,646
Lanier Apparel5,615
 3,666
 6,668
 6,609
Southern Tide1,016
 (472) 3,765
 (425)
Corporate and Other(4,587) (2,600) (18,651) (12,223)
Total operating income (loss)$1,124
 $(327) $67,485
 $70,368
Interest expense, net683
 716
 2,355
 2,505
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes$441
 $(1,043) $65,130
 $67,863
presented.

3.     Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss: Substantially all amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income, as well as the change in the balance, for each period presented, reflect the net foreign currency translation adjustment related to our Tommy Bahama operations in Canada, Japan and Australia. No amounts of accumulated other
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comprehensive loss were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into our consolidated statements of operations during any period presented. The following table details the changes in our accumulated other comprehensive loss (in thousands), net of related income taxes, for the periods specified:
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Beginning balance$(4,411)$(5,110)$(5,276)$(6,829)
Net foreign currency translation adjustment(617)(172)248
1,547
Ending balance$(5,028)$(5,282)$(5,028)$(5,282)

4.
Income Taxes: Income taxes reflects effective tax rates of (143.1)%, (53.2)%, 37.1% and 37.4% for the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017, the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016, the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 and First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, respectively. The net impact of discrete or other items often results in a more significant or unusual impact on the effective tax rate in the third quarter given the significantly lower operating results during the third quarter as compared to the other quarters of the fiscal year. Thus, the effective tax rate for the third quarter is not indicative of the effective tax rate anticipated for the full year. The First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 includes (1) the favorable impact of earnings in certain of our foreign jurisdictions, including foreign sourcing operations, which have lower tax rates than our domestic earnings, and (2) $0.8 million of favorable discrete items in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily related to certain prior year tax items, which were offset by the $0.8 million unfavorable impact of certain stock awards that vested during the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017. The First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 includes the favorable impact of (1) earnings in certain foreign jurisdictions and (2) the utilization of certain foreign operating loss carryforward amounts.

5.
Business Combinations: During July and August 2017, we completed transactions resulting in the acquisition of 12 Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores and during the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 we also completed the final working capital settlements related to certain Fiscal 2016 acquisitions. These items resulted in the payment of $5.1 million of cash consideration during the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017. Our allocations of the purchase price for Fiscal 2017 acquisitions are preliminary. The allocations may be revised during the one year allocation period as we obtain new information about the fair values of the acquired assets and finalize working capital amounts related to the acquisitions.
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contained in this report and the consolidated financial statements, notes to consolidated financial statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 20162017.
 
OVERVIEW 
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We are a global apparel company that designs, sources, markets and distributes products bearing the trademarks of our Tommy Bahama®,Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer®Pulitzer and Southern Tide®Tide lifestyle brands, other owned brands and licensed brands as well as private label apparel products. During Fiscal 2016,2017, 92% of our net sales were from products bearing brands that we own, and 66% of our net sales were through our direct to consumer channels of distribution. In Fiscal 2016, 96%2017, 97% of our consolidated net sales were to customers located in the United States, with the sales outside the United States consisting primarily of our Tommy Bahama product sales in Canada and the Asia-Pacific region.
Our business strategy is to develop and market compelling lifestyle brands and products that evoke a strong emotional response from our target consumers. We consider lifestyle brands to be those brands that have a clearly defined and targeted point of view inspired by an appealing lifestyle or attitude.  Furthermore, we believe lifestyle brands that create an emotional connection, like Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide, that create an emotional connection with consumers can command greater loyalty and higher price points at retail and create licensing opportunities, which may drive higher earnings. We believe the attraction of a lifestyle brand depends on creating compelling product, effectively communicating the respective lifestyle brand message and distributing products to consumers where and when they want it.them. 
Our ability to compete successfully in styling and marketing is directly related to our proficiency in foreseeing changes and trends in fashion and consumer preference and presenting appealing products for consumers.  Our design-led, commercially informed lifestyle brand operations strive to provide exciting, differentiated products each season.
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To further strengthen each lifestyle brand's connections with consumers, we directly communicate with consumers through electronicdigital and print media on a regular basis.  We believe our ability to effectively communicate the images, lifestyle and products of our brands and create an emotional connection with consumers is critical to the success of theour brands. Our advertising for our brands often attempts to convey the lifestyle of the brand as well as a specific product.
We distribute our owned lifestyle branded products primarily through our direct to consumer channels, consisting of our Tommy Bahama and Lilly Pulitzer retail stores and our e-commerce sites for Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide, and through our wholesale distribution channels. Our direct to consumer operations provide us with the opportunity to interact directly with our customers, present to them a broad assortment of our current season products and immerse them in the theme of the lifestyle brand. We believe that presenting our products in a setting specifically designed to showcase the lifestyle on which the brands are based enhances the image of our brands. Our Tommy Bahama and Lilly Pulitzer full-price retail stores provide high visibility for our brands and products and allow us to stay close to the preferences of our consumers, while also providing a platform for long-term growth for the brands. In Tommy Bahama, we also operate a limited number of restaurants, including Marlin Bars, generally adjacent to a Tommy Bahama full-price retail store location, which we believe further enhance the brand's image with consumers.
Additionally, our e-commerce websites, which represented 18%19% of our consolidated net sales in Fiscal 2016,2017, provide the opportunity to increase revenues by reaching a larger population of consumers and at the same time allow our brands to provide a broader range of products. Our e-commerce flash clearance sales on our websites and our Tommy Bahama outlet stores play an important role in overall brand and inventory management by allowing us to sell discontinued and out-of-season products in brand appropriate settings and often at better prices than are typically available from third-party off-price retailers.
The wholesale operations of our lifestyle brands complement our direct to consumer operations and provide access to a larger group of consumers. As we seek to maintain the integrity of our lifestyle brands by limiting promotional activity in our full-price retail stores and e-commerce websites, we generally target wholesale customers that follow this same approach in their stores. Our wholesale customers for our Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide brands generally include better department stores andvarious specialty stores, including Signature Stores for Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide.Tide, better department stores and multi-branded e-commerce retailers.
Within our Lanier Apparel operating group, we sell tailored clothing and sportswear products under licensed brands, private labels and owned brands. Lanier Apparel's customers include department stores, discount and off-price retailers, warehouse clubs, national chains, specialty retailers, multi-branded e-commerce retailers and others throughout the United States.
All of our operating groups operate in highly competitive apparel markets in which numerous U.S. and foreignforeign-based apparel firms compete. No single apparel firm or small group of apparel firms dominates the apparel industry, and our direct competitors vary by operating group and distribution channel. We believe the principal competitive factors in the apparel industry are reputation, value, and image of brand names; design; consumer preference; price; quality; marketing; product fulfillment capabilities; and customer service.

The disposal of discontinued, end of season or excess inventory is an ongoing part of any apparel business, and our operating groups have historically utilized a variety of methods to sell such inventory, including outlet stores in Tommy Bahama, e-commerce flash sales on our various e-commerce websites, and off-price retailers. Our focus in disposing of the excess inventory for our lifestyle brands is to do so in a brand appropriate setting and achieve an acceptable margin.

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The apparel industry is cyclical and very dependent upon the overall level and focus of discretionary consumer spending, which changes as consumer preferences and regional, domestic and international economic conditions change. Often,Increasingly, consumers are choosing to spend less of their discretionary spending on certain product categories, including apparel, while spending more on services and other product categories. Further, negative economic conditions often have a longer and more severe impact on the apparel industry than on other industries.  We believe the changes in consumer preferences for discretionary spending, the current global economic conditions and the resulting economic uncertainty continue to impact the business of each of our business,operating groups, and the apparel industry as a whole.

We believe the retail apparel market is evolving very rapidly and in ways that are having a disruptive impact on traditional fashion retailing. The application of technology, including the internet and mobile devices, to fashion retail provides consumers increasing access to multiple, responsive distribution platforms and an unprecedented ability to communicate directly with brands retailers and others.retailers. As a result, consumers may have more information and greater control over information they receive as well as broader, faster and cheaper access to goods than ever before. This, along with the coming of age of the “millennial” generation, is revolutionizing the way that consumers shop for fashion and other goods.  The evidence of the evolution is increasingly apparent with marked weakness and store closures for certain department stores and mall-based retailers, decreased consumer retail traffic, a more promotional retail environment, expansion of off-price and discount retailers, and growinga shift from bricks and mortar to internet purchases.purchasing. These changes may require that brands and retailers approach their operations, including marketing and advertising, differently than historical practices.

While this evolution in the fashion retail industry presents significant risks, especially for traditional retailers who fail or are unable to adapt, we believe it also presents a tremendous opportunity for brands and retailers to capitalize on the changing consumer preferences.environment. We believe our brands have true competitive advantages in this new retailing paradigm, and we are leveraging technology to serve our consumers when and where they want to be served. We continue to believe that our lifestyle brands, with their strong emotional connections with consumers, are well suited to succeed and thrive in the long-term while managing the various challenges facing our industry.

Specifically, we believe our lifestyle brands have opportunities for long-term growth in theirour direct to consumer businesses. We anticipate increased sales in our e-commerce operations, which are expected to grow at a faster rate than bricks and mortar
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comparable store sales. We also believe growth can be achieved through prudent expansion of bricks and mortar full-price retail store operations and modest comparable full-price retail store sales increases. Despite the changes in the retail environment, we expect there will continue to be desirable locations for additional stores.

OurWe believe our lifestyle brands also have an opportunity for modest sales increases in their wholesale businesses in the long-term.  We anticipate that any such increases will stem primarily from current customers adding within their existing door count and increasing their on-line business, increased sales to on-line retailers, and our selective addition of new wholesale customers who generally follow a retail model with limited discounting; however,However, we must be diligent in our effort to avoid compromising the integrity of our brands by maintaining or growing sales with wholesale customers that may not be aligned with our long-term strategy. This is particularly important with the challenges in the department store channel, which represented about one-half of our consolidated wholesale sales, or 17%approximately 14% of our consolidated net sales in Fiscal 2017, compared to approximately 16% in Fiscal 2016.  Our approach to diligently managingAs a result, this management of our wholesale distribution mayfor our lifestyle brands is likely to result in lower wholesale sales during certain quarters or yearsin Fiscal 2018, as well as in the near-term future, as we may reduce the amount of sales to certain wholesale accounts by reducing the number of doors withthat carry our product, reducereducing the volume sold for a particular door or exitexiting the account altogether.  We anticipate that sales increases in our wholesale businesses in the long-term will stem primarily from current customers adding within their existing door count and increasing their online business; increased sales to online retailers; and our selective addition of new wholesale customers who generally follow a wholesale account entirely.retail model with limited discounting and who present and merchandise our products in a way that is consistent with our full-price, direct to consumer distribution strategy. We also believe that there are opportunities for modest sales growth for Lanier Apparel in the future through new product programs.programs and licenses.

We believe we must continue to invest in our lifestyle brands to take advantage of their long-term growth opportunities. Investments include capital expenditures primarily related to the direct to consumer operations such as technology enhancements, e-commerce initiatives and retail store and restaurant build-out for new, relocated or remodeled locations, as well as distribution center and administrative office expansion initiatives. Additionally, while we anticipate increased advertising, employment advertising and other costs to support ongoing business operations and fuel future sales growth, we remain focusedgrowth. Fiscal 2018 advertising expense is expected to increase for each of our brands with a focus on appropriately managing our operating expenses.new consumer acquisition as well as consumer retention and engagement.

In the midst of the challengeschanges in our industry, an important focusinitiative for us in Fiscal 2017 has been advancing various initiativeswas to increase the profitability of the Tommy Bahama business. These initiatives generally focusfocused on increasing gross margin and operating margin through efforts such as: product cost reductions; selective price increases; reducing inventory purchases; redefining our approach to inventory clearance; effectively managing controllable and discretionary operating expenses; taking a more conservative approach to full-price retail store and outlet openings and lease renewals; and continuing our efforts to reduce Asia-Pacific operating losses. In the First Nine Months
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Fiscal 2017, we made some initial progress with these initiatives and expect to make additional progress in the future.Fiscal 2018.

We continue to believe it is important to maintain a strong balance sheet and liquidity. We believe positive cash flow from operations in the future, coupled with the strength of our balance sheet and liquidity, will provide us with sufficient resources to fund future investments in our owned lifestyle brands. While we believe we have significant opportunities to appropriately deploy our capital and resources in our existing lifestyle brands, we will continue to evaluate opportunities to add additional lifestyle brands to our portfolio if we identify appropriate targets that meet our investment criteria. With the evolving fashion retail environment, our interest in acquiring smaller brands and earlier stage companies is evolving, particularly where we may have the opportunity to more fully integrate the brand into our existing infrastructure and shared services functions.
Important factors relating to certain risks, many of which are beyond our ability to control or predict, which could impact our business are described in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016.2017.
The following table sets forth our consolidated operating results from continuing operations (in thousands, except per share amounts) for the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018 compared to the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2016:2017:
First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Net sales$793,032
$761,539
$272,628
$272,363
Operating income$67,485
$70,368
$28,373
$29,959
Net earnings from continuing operations$40,958
$42,455
Net earnings from continuing operations per diluted share$2.45
$2.55
Net earnings$20,567
$17,197
Net earnings per diluted share$1.23
$1.03
 
The lowerhigher net earnings from continuing operations per diluted share in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018 was primarily due to (1) the lower effective tax rate resulting from U.S. Tax Reform as discussed in Note 4, (2) the improved operating results in Corporate and Other, including the favorable impact of LIFO accounting, on Corporate and Other(3) the increased operating results andincome in Southern Tide. These items were partially offset by lower operating income in Lilly Pulitzer, Tommy Bahama and Lanier Apparel primarily relateddue to charges associated with the Fiscal 2017 acquisitionlower wholesale sales in each of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Store operations. These items were partially offset bythese operating groups as well as higher operating incomeSG&A in Tommy Bahama as well as Southern Tide, which was acquiredand Lilly Pulitzer. Changes in April 2016.operating results by group are discussed below.




COMPARABLE STORE SALES
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We often disclose comparable store sales in order to provide additional information regarding changes in our results of operations between periods. Our disclosures of comparable store sales include net sales from full-price retail stores and our e-commerce sites, excluding sales associated with e-commerce flash clearance sales. We believe that the inclusion of both our full-price retail stores and e-commerce sites in ourthe comparable store sales disclosures is a more meaningful way of reporting our comparable store sales results, given similar inventory planning, allocation and return policies, as well as our cross-channel marketing and other initiatives for the direct to consumer channel. For our comparable store sales disclosures, we exclude (1) outlet store sales, warehouse sales and e-commerce flash clearance sales, as those clearance sales are used primarily to liquidate end of season inventory, which may vary significantly depending on the level of end of season inventory on hand and generally occur at lower gross margins than our non-clearance direct to consumer sales, and (2) restaurant sales, as we do not currently believe that the inclusion of restaurant sales in our comparable store sales disclosures is meaningful in assessing our consolidated results of operations. Comparable store sales information reflects net sales, including shipping and handling revenues, if any, associated with product sales.

For purposes of our disclosures, we consider a comparable store to be, in addition to our e-commerce sites, a physical full-price retail store that was owned and open as of the beginning of the prior fiscal year and which did not have during the relevant periods, and is not within the current fiscal year scheduled to have, (1) a remodel or other event resulting in the store being closed for an extended period of time (which we define as a period of two weeks or longer), (2) a greater than 15% change in the size of the retail space due to expansion, reduction or relocation to a new retail space, (3) a relocation to a new space that was significantly different from the prior retail space, or (4) a closing or opening of a Tommy Bahama restaurant adjacent to the full-price retail store. For those stores which are excluded from comparable stores based on the preceding sentence, the stores continue to be excluded from comparable store sales until the criteria for a new store is met subsequent to the remodel, relocation or restaurant closing or opening, or other event. A store that is remodeled will generally continue to be included in our comparable store sales metrics as a store is not typically closed for longer than a two weektwo-week period during a remodel; however, in some cases a store may be closed for more than two weeks during a remodel. A store that is relocated
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generally will generally not be included in our comparable store sales metrics until that store has been open in the relocated space for the entirety of the prior fiscal year because the size or other characteristics of the store typically change significantly from the prior location. Additionally, any stores that were closed during the prior fiscal year or current fiscal year, or which we expect to close or vacate in the current fiscal year, are excluded from the definition of comparable store sales.

Because Fiscal 2017 had 53 weeks, each fiscal quarter in Fiscal 2018 starts and ends one calendar week later than in Fiscal 2017 (e.g., the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 is the period from February 4, 2018 to May 5, 2018, inclusive, while the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017 is the period from January 29, 2017 to April 29, 2017, inclusive). Due to the significant seasonality of our direct to consumer sales, particularly during the first and second fiscal quarters each year, as well as the timing of our merchandising and marketing initiatives, the one-week shift may significantly impact our comparable store sales if presented on a fiscal period basis. To provide a more accurate assessment of our Fiscal 2018 comparable store productivity, we are presenting our Fiscal 2018 comparable store sales on a calendar-adjusted basis by comparing the Fiscal 2018 period to the comparable calendar period in the preceding year, rather than the comparable fiscal period in the preceding year. By way of example, our First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 comparable store sales presentation compares the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 to the 13-week period ended May 6, 2017. Except as otherwise specified, all references to comparable store sales during Fiscal 2018 contained in this report refer to the calendar-adjusted comparable store sales as opposed to the fiscal period comparable store sales.

Definitions and calculations of comparable store sales differ among retail companies, and therefore comparable store sales metrics disclosed by us may not be comparable to the metrics disclosed by other companies.


STORE COUNT

The table below provides store count information for Tommy Bahama and Lilly Pulitzer as of the dates specified.
 May 5, 2018February 3, 2018April 29, 2017January 28, 2017
Tommy Bahama Full-Price Retail Stores111110112111
Tommy Bahama Retail-Restaurant Locations18181717
Tommy Bahama Outlet Stores38384040
Total Tommy Bahama Retail Locations167166169168
     
Lilly Pulitzer Full-Price Retail Stores59574140
     
Total Oxford Retail Locations226223210208

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
THIRDFIRST QUARTER OF FISCAL 20172018 COMPARED TO THIRDFIRST QUARTER OF FISCAL 20162017

The following table sets forth the specified line items in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations both in dollars (in thousands) and as a percentage of net sales. The table also sets forth the dollar change and the percentage change of the data as compared to the same period of the prior year. We have calculated all percentages based on actual data, but percentage columns may not add due to rounding.
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Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% ChangeFirst Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Net sales$235,960
100.0 %$222,308
100.0 %$13,652
6.1 %$272,628
100.0%$272,363
100.0%$265
0.1 %
Cost of goods sold110,784
47.0 %104,254
46.9 %6,530
6.3 %108,482
39.8%112,953
41.5%(4,471)(4.0)%
Gross profit$125,176
53.0 %$118,054
53.1 %$7,122
6.0 %$164,146
60.2%$159,410
58.5%$4,736
3.0 %
SG&A127,091
53.9 %121,442
54.6 %5,649
4.7 %139,720
51.2%133,191
48.9%6,529
4.9 %
Royalties and other operating income3,039
1.3 %3,061
1.4 %(22)(0.7)%3,947
1.4%3,740
1.4%207
5.5 %
Operating income (loss)$1,124
0.5 %$(327)(0.1)%$1,451
NM
Operating income$28,373
10.4%$29,959
11.0%$(1,586)(5.3)%
Interest expense, net683
0.3 %716
0.3 %(33)(4.6)%781
0.3%930
0.3%(149)(16.0)%
Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes$441
0.2 %$(1,043)(0.5)%$1,484
NM
Earnings before income taxes$27,592
10.1%$29,029
10.7%$(1,437)(5.0)%
Income taxes(631)(0.3)%555
0.2 %(1,186)NM
7,025
2.6%11,832
4.3%(4,807)(40.6)%
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations$1,072
0.5 %$(1,598)(0.7)%$2,670
NM
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of taxes
 %
 %
 %
Net earnings (loss)$1,072
0.5 %$(1,598)(0.7)%$2,670
NM
Net earnings$20,567
7.5%$17,197
6.3%$3,370
19.6 %

The discussion and tables below compare certain line items included in our statements of operations for the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 to the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2016.2017. Each dollar and percentage change provided reflects the change between these fiscal periods unless indicated otherwise. Each dollar and share amount included in the tables is in thousands except for per share amounts. Individual line items of our consolidated statements of operations may not be directly comparable to those of our competitors, as classification of certain expenses may vary by company. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses or other information in this report reflect continuing operations.
 
Net Sales
Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% ChangeFirst Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Tommy Bahama$123,895
$125,966
$(2,071)(1.6)%$167,132
$172,496
$(5,364)(3.1)%
Lilly Pulitzer59,244
52,319
6,925
13.2 %68,627
63,343
5,284
8.3 %
Lanier Apparel43,110
35,065
8,045
22.9 %19,909
23,356
(3,447)(14.8)%
Southern Tide9,217
8,687
530
6.1 %13,472
12,642
830
6.6 %
Corporate and Other494
271
223
NM
3,488
526
2,962
NM
Total net sales$235,960
$222,308
$13,652
6.1 %$272,628
$272,363
$265
0.1 %
 
Consolidated net sales increased $13.7$0.3 million, or 6.1%0.1%, in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 compared to the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2016.2017. The increase in consolidated net sales was primarily driven byincludes (1) a $5.6$7 million increase in wholesaledirect to consumer sales consisting of increasesat comparable stores resulting from the calendar shift in Lanier Apparel and Southern Tide and decreases in Tommy Bahama and Lilly Pulitzer,Fiscal 2018, (2) an incremental net sales increase of $5.5$7 million associated with the operation of non-comp full-price retail stores in Lilly Pulitzer and Tommy Bahama (3)as well as the operation of an e-commerce website by The Beaufort Bonnet Company, which we refer to as TBBC,which is a $2.4 million, or 4%, increase in comparable store sales to $69.5 millionbusiness we acquired in the ThirdFourth Quarter of Fiscal 2017, from $67.1 million in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 and (4)(3) a $1.6$2 million increase in restaurant sales in Tommy Bahama.Bahama and (4) a $1 million, or 1%, calendar-adjusted comparable store sales increase from $120 million in the 13-week period ended May 6, 2017 to $122 million in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018, driven by positive e-commerce comparable store sales in both Tommy Bahama and Lilly Pulitzer. These increases in consolidated net sales were partially offset by (1) a $1.5$15 million decrease in wholesale sales, consisting of decreases in Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Lanier Apparel, and (2) a $2 million decrease in net sales through our off-price direct to consumer clearance channels which includes our e-commerce flash clearancein Tommy Bahama. By way of comparison, on a fiscal period basis, consolidated comparable store sales and outlets.increased 8% in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 relative to the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017. The changes in net sales by operating group are discussed below.

We believe that certain macroeconomic factors, including lower retail store traffic and the evolving impact of digital technology on consumer shopping habits, continue to impact the sales in each of our direct to consumer and wholesale businesses. Additionally, we believe sales in our operating groups in both the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 and the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 were unfavorably impacted by hurricanes to varying degrees, which resulted in certain store closures and may have also negatively impacted wholesale reorders.

The following table presents the proportion of our consolidated net sales by distribution channel for each period presented:
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Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Full-price retail stores and outlets33%33%40%38%
E-commerce20%20%16%13%
Restaurant7%7%9%9%
Wholesale40%40%35%40%
Total100%100%100%100%

Tommy Bahama:
 
The Tommy Bahama net sales decrease of $2.1$5 million, or 1.6%3.1%, was primarily driven by (1) a $6.5 million decrease in our off-price direct to consumer clearance channel, primarily resulting from the absence of any e-commerce flash clearance sales in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 as well as lower sales in existing outlet stores, and (2) a $0.9$9 million decrease in wholesale sales, reflecting lowerincluding decreases in full-price wholesale sales as Tommy Bahama continues to manage its exposure to department stores by reducing department store door count and higher off-price wholesale sales.sales as Tommy Bahama disposed of a more significant amount of aged inventory in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017, (2) a $2 million decrease in off-price direct to consumer sales, reflecting lower sales in outlet stores including decreases in existing stores and the closure of certain outlet stores, (3) a $1 million, or 1%, decrease in calendar-adjusted comparable store sales from $85 million in the 13-week period ended May 6, 2017 to $84 million in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018, reflecting the impact of a cool, wet spring in much of the United States, which offset the positive e-commerce comparable store sales, and (4) a $1 million decrease in non-comp full-price retail stores due to certain retail store closures in the twelve months ended May 5, 2018. These decreases were partially offset by (1) a $2.5$5 million or 5%, increase in direct to consumer sales at comparable store sales to $51.1 millionstores resulting from the calendar shift in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 from $48.6 million in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016,2018 and (2) a $1.6$2 million increase in restaurant sales resulting from increased sales at existing restaurants as well as sales at a new restaurant location in Dallas,Plano, Texas which opened in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 and2017. By way of comparison, on a new Marlin Bar location in Coconut Point, Florida, which openedfiscal period basis, Tommy Bahama comparable store sales increased 5% in the FourthFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2016, and (3) an incremental net sales increase2018 relative to the First Quarter of $1.3 million associated with the operation of non-comp full-price retail stores. Tommy Bahama's direct to consumer sales benefited from a shift in the Friends and Family event which was held entirely in the third quarter in Fiscal 2017, but was split between the second and third quarter in Fiscal 2016.

As of October 28, 2017, we operated 167 Tommy Bahama stores globally, consisting of 111 full-price retail stores, 18 restaurant-retail locations and 38 outlet stores. As of October 29, 2016, we operated 170 Tommy Bahama stores consisting of 113 full-price retail stores, 16 restaurant-retail locations and 41 outlet stores.

2017. The following table presents the proportion of net sales by distribution channel for Tommy Bahama for each period presented:
Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Full-price retail stores and outlets47%46%46%46%
E-commerce11%13%15%12%
Restaurant13%12%15%14%
Wholesale29%29%24%28%
Total100%100%100%100%
 
Lilly Pulitzer:
 
The Lilly Pulitzer net sales increase of $6.9$5 million, or 13.2%8.3%, was primarily a result of (1) a $5.0 million increase in e-commerce flash clearance sales and (2) an incremental net sales increase of $4.2$5 million associated with the operation of additionalnon-comp full-price retail stores, including stores opened by Lilly Pulitzer and the 12 Signature Stores acquired Signature Stores.in Fiscal 2017, (2) a $3 million increase in direct to consumer sales at comparable stores resulting from the calendar shift in Fiscal 2018 and (3) a $2 million, or 7%, increase in calendar-adjusted comparable store sales from $34 million in the 13-week period ended May 6, 2017 to $36 million in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018, with increases in both e-commerce and retail store comparable store sales. These increases were partially offset by (1) a $2.2$5 million decrease in wholesale sales, and (2) a $0.1 million, or 1%, decrease in comparable store sales to $18.4 million in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 compared to $18.5 million in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016, with negative retail comparable store sales offsetting positive e-commerce comparable store sales. The decrease in wholesale sales reflectsreflecting Lilly Pulitzer's efforts to continue to manage its exposure to department stores and the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 not including any wholesale sales to the Signature Stores acquired Signature Stores. The decrease in Fiscal 2017. By way of comparison, on a fiscal period basis, Lilly Pulitzer comparable store sales primarily reflects reduced retail store traffic.

As of October 28, 2017, we operated 57 Lilly Pulitzer retail stores, compared to 39 retail stores as of October 29, 2016. Duringincreased 16% in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017, we added 17 new Lilly Pulitzer store locations, which consisted2018 relative to the First Quarter of the opening of five new Lilly Pulitzer stores and the July and August 2017 acquisition of 12 Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores.Fiscal 2017. The following table presents the proportion of net sales by distribution channel for Lilly Pulitzer for each period presented:
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Full-price retail stores44%37%
E-commerce24%20%
Wholesale32%43%
Total100%100%
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 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016
Full-price retail stores35%32%
E-commerce53%50%
Wholesale12%18%
Total100%100%
Lanier Apparel:
 
The increasedecrease in net sales for Lanier Apparel of $8.0$3 million, or 22.9%14.8%, was primarily due to increaseddecreased sales in various programs resulting from lower volume and the exit from certain programs and customers, including the impact of a branded pants program with a warehouse club andcustomer who filed for bankruptcy. These sales reductions were partially offset by higher sales in other programs, including initial shipments infor certain private label sportswear and branded tailored clothing programs.

Southern Tide:

The increase in net sales of $0.5 million, or 6.1%, for Southern Tide in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017$1 million, or 6.6%, was primarily due to increased wholesale sales, as well asprimarily driven by initial sales to recently opened Signature Stores, and higher e-commerce sales. The following table presents the proportion of net sales by distribution channel for Southern Tide for each period presented:
Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
E-commerce16%16%12%12%
Wholesale84%84%88%88%
Total100%100%100%100%

Corporate and Other:
 
Corporate and Other net sales primarily consist of the net sales of TBBC, which include e-commerce and wholesale operations, and our Lyons, Georgia distribution center operations. The increase in net sales was primarily due to third party warehouse customers as well as the impactDecember 2017 acquisition of the elimination of any intercompany sales between our operating groups.TBBC.
 
Gross Profit
 
The table below presents gross profit by operating group and in total for the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 and the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2016,2017, as well as the change between those two periods. Our gross profit and gross margin, which is calculated as gross profit divided by net sales, may not be directly comparable to those of our competitors, as the statement of operations classification of certain expenses may vary by company.
Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% ChangeFirst Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Tommy Bahama$74,279
$73,923
$356
0.5%$104,290
$105,157
$(867)(0.8)%
Lilly Pulitzer32,891
30,251
2,640
8.7%45,505
42,137
3,368
8.0 %
Lanier Apparel13,191
9,440
3,751
39.7%5,968
7,013
(1,045)(14.9)%
Southern Tide4,884
3,194
1,690
52.9%6,737
6,497
240
3.7 %
Corporate and Other(69)1,246
(1,315)NM
1,646
(1,394)3,040
NM
Total gross profit$125,176
$118,054
$7,122
6.0%$164,146
$159,410
$4,736
3.0 %
LIFO charge (credit) included in Corporate and Other$476
$(1,024) 
 
Inventory step-up charge included in Southern Tide$
$994
  
Inventory step-up charge included in Lilly Pulitzer$1,086
$
  
LIFO charge included in Corporate and Other$287
$1,707
 
 
Inventory step-up charges for TBBC included in Corporate and Other$157
$
  
 
The increase in consolidated gross profit was primarily due to a higher gross margin primarily resulting from a change in sales mix with direct to consumer sales representing a greater proportion of sales in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 and the net sales, as discussed above.favorable impact of LIFO accounting. Changes in gross margin by operating group are discussed below. The table below presents gross margin by operating group and in total for the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 and the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2016.2017.
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Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Tommy Bahama60.0%58.7%62.4%61.0%
Lilly Pulitzer55.5%57.8%66.3%66.5%
Lanier Apparel30.6%26.9%30.0%30.0%
Southern Tide53.0%36.8%50.0%51.4%
Corporate and OtherNM
NM
NM
NM
Consolidated gross margin53.0%53.1%60.2%58.5%

On a consolidated basis, the increase in gross margin was comparable in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2017 and2018 was primarily due to (1) the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016. The comparableimproved gross margin reflects (1) the net unfavorable impact of LIFO accounting,in Tommy Bahama, (2) a change in sales mix with Lanier Apparel sales and Lilly Pulitzer e-commerce clearance sales, both of which have lower gross margins than full-priceas direct to consumer sales representingrepresented a greater proportion of sales due to the decrease in consolidated wholesale sales, and (3) gross margin in Lilly Pulitzer in the Third Quarternet favorable impact of Fiscal 2017 being unfavorably impacted primarily by $1.1 million of incremental cost of goods sold associated with the step-up of inventory recognized at acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores. These unfavorable items were partially offset by improved gross margins in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 in Tommy Bahama, Lanier Apparel and Southern Tide. Southern Tide's gross margin in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 was unfavorably impacted by $1.0 million of incremental cost of goods sold associated with the step-up of inventory recognized at acquisition.LIFO accounting,
 
Tommy Bahama:

The increase in gross margin for Tommy Bahama in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 primarily resulted from (1) a change in sales mix as full-price direct to consumer sales represented a greater proportion of sales, while full-price and off-price wholesale sales and off-price direct to consumer sales represented a lower proportion of sales in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2017,2018, and (2) improved gross margins in our off-price direct to consumer business. These items were partially offset by a greater proportion of full-price direct to consumer sales in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 being associated with the Friends and Family event and the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 including the impact of the $1.9 million benefit related to a settlement of certain outstanding and economic loss claims filed pursuant to the Deepwater Horizon Economic and Property Damage Settlement Program and the $1.3 million charge related to an assertion of underpaid customs duties.

Lilly Pulitzer:
 
The decrease in gross margin for Lilly Pulitzer was primarily driven by the $1.1 million of incremental cost of goods sold associated with the step-up of inventory recognized at acquisition associated with the acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Storeslower gross margins in the Thirddirect to consumer business as more sales resulted from gift with purchase promotion events and in-store end of season sales as well as increased freight for e-commerce sales and lower gross margin in the wholesale business reflecting a greater proportion of off-price sales in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017 and2018. These items were partially offset by a change in sales mix as the e-commerce flash clearance saledirect to consumer sales represented a greaterlarger proportion of Lilly Pulitzer sales in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2017.2018.
 
Lanier Apparel:

The increase in grossGross margin for Lanier Apparel was comparable for the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2018 and the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily resulted fromas the favorable impact of a changeunfavorable changes in sales mix towards branded sales and other higherlower gross margin programs and fewer inventory markdowns.lower sales prices on certain existing programs were offset by the lower margin support and other allowances recognized in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 than the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017.

Southern Tide:

The increasedecrease in gross margin for Southern Tide in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 was primarily due to the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 including $1.0 million of incremental cost of goods sold associated with the step-up of inventory recognized at acquisition with no such amounts recognized in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017. Additionally, Southern Tide gross margins improved as a result of reductions in product costs, less inventory markdowns and betterlower gross margin on off-price sales.sales and increased cooperative advertising and gift with purchase amounts.

Corporate and Other:

The gross profit in Corporate and Other in each period primarily reflects (1) the gross profit of TBBC, (2) the gross profit of our Lyons, Georgia distribution center operations, (2)for sales to third parties and (3) the impact of LIFO accounting adjustments and (3) the impact of certain consolidating adjustments, including the elimination of intercompany sales between our operating groups.adjustments. The primary driver for the lowerimproved gross profit was (1) the unfavorablenet favorable impact of a $0.5 million LIFO accounting charge in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017 compared
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to a $1.0 million LIFO accounting credit inand (2) the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2016.2018 including the gross profit of TBBC. The LIFO accounting charge in Corporate and Other in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017each period primarily reflects the sale of inventory that had been marked down to the estimated net realizable value in prior periods in an operating group, but generally reversed in Corporate and Other as part of LIFO accounting. The LIFO accounting credit in Corporate and Other in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 primarily reflects the reversal of inventory markdowns to net realizable value recognized in the operating groups during that quarter.
 
SG&A
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 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
SG&A$127,091
$121,442
$5,649
4.7%
SG&A as % of net sales53.9%54.6% 
 
Amortization of intangible assets included in Tommy Bahama associated with Tommy Bahama Canada acquisition$391
$375
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Southern Tide$72
$156
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Lilly Pulitzer associated with Signature Store acquisitions$90
$
  
Transaction/integration costs associated with Signature Store acquisitions$563
$
  

 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
SG&A$139,720
$133,191
$6,529
4.9%
SG&A as % of net sales51.2%48.9% 
 
Amortization of Tommy Bahama Canadian intangible assets$385
$370
  
Amortization of Lilly Pulitzer Signature Store intangible assets$95
$
  
Amortization of Southern Tide intangible assets$72
$72
  
 
The increase in SG&A was primarily due to (1) $3.0increased advertising expense of $3 million, with much of the increased expenses focused on consumer acquisition initiatives, (2) $2 million of incremental costs in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 associated with additional retail stores (2) a $2.2and restaurants and (3) $1 million increase in incentive compensation, primarily due to higher incentive compensation amounts in Tommy Bahama and Lanier Apparelof incremental SG&A associated with TBBC. These increased SG&A costs were partially offset by $1 million of lower incentive compensation amounts in Lilly Pulitzer and (3) the incremental SG&A, including transaction and integration costs and amortization of intangible assets, associated with the acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores.amounts.

Royalties and other operating income
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Royalties and other operating income$3,039
$3,061
$(22)(0.7)%
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Royalties and other operating income$3,947
$3,740
$207
5.5%
 
Royalties and other operating income in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 primarily reflects income received from third parties from the licensing of our Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide brands. The comparable royalty and other operating income includes an increase in Tommy Bahama and decreases in Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide.

Operating income (loss)
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 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Tommy Bahama$(5,872)$(7,133)$1,261
17.7 %
Lilly Pulitzer4,952
6,212
(1,260)(20.3)%
Lanier Apparel5,615
3,666
1,949
53.2 %
Southern Tide1,016
(472)1,488
NM
Corporate and Other(4,587)(2,600)(1,987)(76.4)%
Total operating income (loss)$1,124
$(327)$1,451
NM
LIFO charge (credit) included in Corporate and Other$476
$(1,024) 
 
Inventory step-up charge included in Southern Tide$
$994
  
Inventory step-up charge included in Lilly Pulitzer$1,086
$
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Tommy Bahama associated with Tommy Bahama Canada acquisition$391
$375
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Southern Tide$72
$156
 
 
Amortization of intangible assets included in Lilly Pulitzer associated with Signature Store acquisitions$90
$
  
Transaction/integration costs associated with Signature Store acquisitions$563
$
  
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Tommy Bahama$14,303
$16,038
$(1,735)(10.8)%
Lilly Pulitzer15,826
17,687
(1,861)(10.5)%
Lanier Apparel362
858
(496)(57.8)%
Southern Tide2,487
2,104
383
18.2 %
Corporate and Other(4,605)(6,728)2,123
31.6 %
Total operating income$28,373
$29,959
$(1,586)(5.3)%
LIFO charge included in Corporate and Other$287
$1,707
 
 
Inventory step-up charges for TBBC included in Corporate and Other$157
$
  
Amortization of Tommy Bahama Canadian intangible assets$385
$370
  
Amortization of Lilly Pulitzer Signature Store intangible assets$95
$
  
Amortization of Southern Tide intangible assets$72
$72
 
 

The increasedecrease in operating income in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 was primarily due to improvedlower operating resultsincome in Lilly Pulitzer, Tommy Bahama and Lanier Apparel, reflecting lower wholesale sales in each of these operating groups as well as higher SG&A in Tommy Bahama Lanier Apparel and Southern Tide.Lilly Pulitzer. These items were partially offset by lowerimproved operating results in Lilly Pulitzer, primarily due to the impact of purchase accounting charges related to the acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores, and Corporate and Other, primarily due toincluding the net favorable impact of LIFO accounting.accounting, and increased operating income in Southern Tide. Changes in operating income (loss) by operating group are discussed below.
 
Tommy Bahama:
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$123,895
$125,966
$(2,071)(1.6)%
Gross margin60.0 %58.7 % 
 
Operating loss$(5,872)$(7,133)$1,261
17.7 %
Operating loss as % of net sales(4.7)%(5.7)% 
 
Amortization of intangible assets included in Tommy Bahama associated with Tommy Bahama Canada acquisition$391
$375
  
The improved operating results for Tommy Bahama were primarily due to lower SG&A, improved gross margins, and increased royalty income, partially offset by lower net sales. The lower SG&A for the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 includes cost reductions in Tommy Bahama retail store, wholesale and corporate operations as Tommy Bahama has focused on reducing certain employment and other operating costs. These lower expenses were partially offset by (1) $1.4 million of higher incentive compensation amounts and (2) $0.9 million of incremental SG&A associated with operating non-comp retail stores, including set-up costs associated with the new retail-restaurant location which opened in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017.

Lilly Pulitzer:
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Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% ChangeFirst Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Net sales$59,244
$52,319
$6,925
13.2 %$167,132
$172,496
$(5,364)(3.1)%
Gross margin55.5%57.8% 
 
62.4%61.0% 
 
Operating income$4,952
$6,212
$(1,260)(20.3)%$14,303
$16,038
$(1,735)(10.8)%
Operating income as % of net sales8.4%11.9% 
 
8.6%9.3% 
 
Inventory step-up charge included in Lilly Pulitzer$1,086
$
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Lilly Pulitzer associated with Signature Store acquisitions$90
$
  
Transaction/integration costs associated with Signature Store acquisitions$563
$
  
Amortization of Tommy Bahama Canadian intangible assets$385
$370
  
The lower operating income for Tommy Bahama was primarily due to lower sales and higher SG&A, partially offset by improved gross margins. The higher SG&A for the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 was primarily due to $2 million of increased advertising expense, with much of the increased expenses focused on consumer acquisition initiatives, partially offset by $1 million of lower incentive compensation amounts.

Lilly Pulitzer:
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Net sales$68,627
$63,343
$5,284
8.3 %
Gross margin66.3%66.5% 
 
Operating income$15,826
$17,687
$(1,861)(10.5)%
Operating income as % of net sales23.1%27.9% 
 
Amortization of Lilly Pulitzer Signature Store intangible assets$95
$
  

The lower operating income in Lilly Pulitzer was primarily due to (1) higher SG&A, and (2)which exceeded the Third Quartergross margin impact of Fiscal 2017 including $1.1 million of incremental cost of goods sold associated with the step-up of inventory associated with the acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores. These items were partially offset by higher sales, as discussed above.sales. The higher SG&A for the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 includes (1) $1.9$2 million of incremental SG&A associated with the cost of operating additional retail stores, including the acquired12 Signature Stores acquired in Fiscal 2017, (2) $1 million of increased advertising expense and (3) SG&A increases to support the planned growth of the business, including additional employee headcount, and (3) $0.7 million of transaction and integration costs and amortization of intangible assets associated with the acquisition of certain Signature Stores. These SG&A increases were partially offset by lower incentive compensation amounts in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017.headcount.
 
Lanier Apparel:
Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% ChangeFirst Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Net sales$43,110
$35,065
$8,045
22.9%$19,909
$23,356
$(3,447)(14.8)%
Gross margin30.6%26.9% 
 
30.0%30.0% 
 
Operating income$5,615
$3,666
$1,949
53.2%$362
$858
$(496)(57.8)%
Operating income as % of net sales13.0%10.5% 
 
1.8%3.7% 
 
 
The increasedecrease in operating income for Lanier Apparel was primarily due to the higherlower sales and improved gross margin partially offset by higherlower SG&A. The SG&A increasedecrease was primarily due to (1) higher incentive compensation amounts, (2) higherlower sales-related variable expenses, including royalties and advertising, related to increased branded sales, and (3) certain incremental infrastructure costs associated with our Strong Suit and Duck Head businesses, which we acquired in Fiscal 2016.advertising.

Southern Tide:
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$9,217
$8,687
$530
6.1%
Gross margin53.0%36.8 % 
 
Operating income (loss)$1,016
$(472)$1,488
NM
Operating income (loss) as % of net sales11.0%(5.4)%  
Inventory step-up charge included in Southern Tide$
$994
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Southern Tide$72
$156
  

The increase in operating income for Southern Tide in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 was primarily due to the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 including $1.0 million of incremental cost of goods sold associated with the step-up of inventory with no such charges in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017, as well as the higher sales and gross margin. These items were partially offset by the impact of increased SG&A to support planned growth for the Southern Tide business.

Corporate and Other:
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 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$494
$271
$223
NM
Operating loss$(4,587)$(2,600)$(1,987)(76.4)%
LIFO charge (credit) included in Corporate and Other$476
$(1,024) 
 
The lower operating results in Corporate and Other in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 were primarily due to the $1.5 million net unfavorable impact of LIFO accounting, higher incentive compensation amounts and increases in other expenses.
Interest expense, net
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Interest expense, net$683
$716
$(33)(4.6)%
Interest expense for the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 and Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 were comparable with the impact of lower average debt outstanding in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 partially offset by higher interest rates in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017.

Income taxes
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Income taxes$(631)$555
$(1,186)NM
The tax expense reflects the net impact of (1) $0.8 million of discrete items, primarily related to the favorable impact of certain prior year tax items in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 with no such items in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 and (2) the impact of changes in expected earnings projections for the year by jurisdiction in amount and in proportion to other jurisdictions, including the impact of earnings in foreign jurisdictions which have lower tax rates than domestic earnings. The net impact of the various items often results in a more significant or unusual impact on the effective tax rate in the third quarter given the significantly lower operating results during the third quarter as compared to the other quarters of the fiscal year. Thus, the effective tax rate for the third quarter is not indicative of the effective tax rate anticipated for the full year. Our effective tax rate for the full year of Fiscal 2017 is expected to be approximately 37%.

Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations
 Third Quarter Fiscal 2017Third Quarter Fiscal 2016
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations$1,072
$(1,598)
Net earnings (loss) from continuing operations per diluted share$0.06
$(0.10)
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted16,735
16,531
The higher net earnings from continuing operations per diluted share in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 was primarily due to the improved operating results in Lanier Apparel, Southern Tide and Tommy Bahama and lower income taxes, partially offset by lower operating results in Corporate and Other and Lilly Pulitzer, each as discussed above.

FIRST NINE MONTHS OF FISCAL 2017 COMPARED TO FIRST NINE MONTHS OF FISCAL 2016
The following table sets forth the specified line items in our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations both in dollars (in thousands) and as a percentage of net sales. The table also sets forth the dollar change and the percentage change of the data as compared to the same period of the prior year. We have calculated all percentages based on actual data, but percentage columns may not add due to rounding.
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 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$793,032
100.0%$761,539
100.0%$31,493
4.1 %
Cost of goods sold342,477
43.2%327,225
43.0%15,252
4.7 %
Gross profit$450,555
56.8%$434,314
57.0%$16,241
3.7 %
SG&A393,193
49.6%374,379
49.2%18,814
5.0 %
Royalties and other operating income10,123
1.3%10,433
1.4%(310)(3.0)%
Operating income$67,485
8.5%$70,368
9.2%$(2,883)(4.1)%
Interest expense, net2,355
0.3%2,505
0.3%(150)(6.0)%
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes$65,130
8.2%$67,863
8.9%$(2,733)(4.0)%
Income taxes24,172
3.0%25,408
3.3%(1,236)(4.9)%
Net earnings from continuing operations$40,958
5.2%$42,455
5.6%$(1,497)(3.5)%
Earnings from discontinued operations, net of taxes
%
%
 %
Net earnings$40,958
5.2%$42,455
5.6%$(1,497)(3.5)%

The discussion and tables below compare certain line items included in our statements of operations for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 to the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016. Each dollar and percentage change provided reflects the change between these periods unless indicated otherwise. Each dollar and share amount included in the tables is in thousands except for per share amounts. Individual line items of our consolidated statements of operations may not be directly comparable to those of our competitors, as classification of certain expenses may vary by company. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses or other information in this report reflect continuing operations.
Net Sales
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Tommy Bahama$483,971
$472,796
$11,175
2.4%
Lilly Pulitzer192,045
186,777
5,268
2.8%
Lanier Apparel84,314
81,217
3,097
3.8%
Southern Tide31,254
19,267
11,987
NM
Corporate and Other1,448
1,482
(34)NM
Total net sales$793,032
$761,539
$31,493
4.1%
Consolidated net sales increased $31.5 million, or 4.1%, in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 compared to the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016. The increase in consolidated net sales was primarily driven by (1) an incremental net sales increase of $17.4 million associated with the operation of non-comp full-price retail stores and the Southern Tide e-commerce operations, which we acquired in April 2016, (2) a net $8.3 million aggregate increase in wholesale sales, primarily consisting of higher sales in Southern Tide, which we acquired in April 2016, Lanier Apparel and Tommy Bahama partially offset by a decrease in Lilly Pulitzer, (3) a $5.8 million, or 2%, increase in comparable store sales to $313.0 million in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 from $307.2 million in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 and (4) a $5.3 million increase in restaurant sales in Tommy Bahama. These increases were partially offset by a $5.4 million decrease in net sales through our off-price direct to consumer clearance channels consisting of lower sales in Tommy Bahama and higher sales in Lilly Pulitzer. The changes in net sales by operating group are discussed below.

We believe that certain macroeconomic factors, including lower retail store traffic and the evolving impact of digital technology on consumer shopping habits, continue to impact the sales in each of our direct to consumer and wholesale businesses. Additionally, we believe sales in both the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 and the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2016 were unfavorably impacted by hurricanes to varying degrees, which resulted in certain store closures and also negatively impacted wholesale reorders in our business as certain wholesale accounts had lower sales than plan.
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The following table presents the proportion of our consolidated net sales by distribution channel for each period presented:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Full-price retail stores and outlets39%39%
E-commerce17%17%
Restaurant8%7%
Wholesale36%37%
Total100%100%

Tommy Bahama:
The Tommy Bahama net sales increase of $11.2 million, or 2.4%, was primarily driven by (1) a $10.4 million, or 5%, increase in comparable store sales to $229.1 million in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 from $218.6 million in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, (2) a $5.3 million increase in restaurant sales reflecting sales from a new restaurant and Marlin Bar location as well as increased sales at existing restaurants, (3) an incremental net sales increase of $4.8 million associated with the operation of non-comp full-price retail stores and (4) a $1.1 million increase in wholesale sales reflecting higher off-price sales, as Tommy Bahama sold some excess prior season inventory, and lower full-price wholesale sales, as Tommy Bahama continues to manage its exposure to department stores. These increases were partially offset by $10.4 million of lower sales in our off-price direct to consumer clearance channel, primarily resulting from the absence of any e-commerce flash clearance sales in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 as well as lower sales in existing outlet stores. Tommy Bahama's direct to consumer sales benefited from (1) a 132 page Spring 2017 catalog, which presented the wide breadth of Tommy Bahama products in one place, (2) increased sales from its semiannual Friends & Family events held each year, (3) increased sales from Tommy Bahama's loyalty award card and Flip Side events held in the second quarter of each year and (4) Tommy Bahama taking initial markdowns on select items at the end of the selling season in our retail stores and on our e-commerce website in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017.

As of October 28, 2017, we operated 167 Tommy Bahama stores globally, consisting of 111 full-price retail stores, 18 restaurant-retail locations and 38 outlet stores. As of October 29, 2016, we operated 170 Tommy Bahama stores consisting of 113 full-price retail stores, 16 restaurant-retail locations and 41 outlet stores. The following table presents the proportion of net sales by distribution channel for Tommy Bahama for each period presented:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Full-price retail stores and outlets49%49%
E-commerce14%15%
Restaurant13%11%
Wholesale24%25%
Total100%100%
Lilly Pulitzer:
The Lilly Pulitzer net sales increase of $5.3 million, or 2.8%, was primarily a result of (1) an incremental net sales increase of $11.1 million associated with the operation of additional full-price retail stores and (2) a $5.1 million increase in e-commerce flash clearance sales. These sales increases were partially offset by (1) a $4.6 million, or 5%, decrease in comparable store sales to $83.9 million in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 compared to $88.5 million in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, with negative retail comparable store sales offsetting positive e-commerce comparable store sales and (2) a $6.3 million decrease in wholesale sales. The decrease in comparable store sales primarily reflects reduced retail store traffic. The lower wholesale sales were primarily a result of lower sales to department stores, as Lilly Pulitzer continues to manage its exposure to department stores, and lower orders from specialty stores.

As of October 28, 2017, we operated 57 Lilly Pulitzer retail stores, compared to 39 retail stores as of October 29, 2016. During the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017, we added 17 new Lilly Pulitzer store locations, which consisted of the opening of five new Lilly Pulitzer stores and the July and August 2017 acquisition of 12 Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores.
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The following table presents the proportion of net sales by distribution channel for Lilly Pulitzer for each period presented:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Full-price retail stores38%37%
E-commerce33%30%
Wholesale29%33%
Total100%100%
Lanier Apparel:
The increase in net sales for Lanier Apparel of $3.1 million, or 3.8%, was primarily due to increased sales resulting from a branded pants program with a warehouse club as well as initial shipments in certain private label sportswear and branded tailored clothing programs. These sales increases were partially offset by lower sales in other programs resulting from reductions in volume and the exit from various programs.

Southern Tide:

The increase in net sales of $12.0 million for Southern Tide in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 was primarily due to the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 including a full nine months of operations, while the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 only included the operations from the date of our acquisition on April 19, 2016 through October 29, 2016. We estimate that Southern Tide's net sales for Fiscal 2017 will be approximately $40 million, with approximately 80% of the sales consisting of wholesale sales and the remainder consisting of e-commerce sales on the Southern Tide website. The following table presents the proportion of net sales by distribution channel for Southern Tide for each period presented:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
E-commerce17%19%
Wholesale83%81%
Total100%100%

Corporate and Other:
Corporate and Other net sales primarily consist of the net sales of our Lyons, Georgia distribution center to third party warehouse customers as well as the impact of the elimination of any intercompany sales between our operating groups.
Gross Profit
The table below presents gross profit by operating group and in total for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 and the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, as well as the change between those two periods. Our gross profit and gross margin, which is calculated as gross profit divided by net sales, may not be directly comparable to those of our competitors as the statement of operations classification of certain expenses may vary by company.
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 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Tommy Bahama$289,428
$280,906
$8,522
3.0%
Lilly Pulitzer121,657
119,390
2,267
1.9%
Lanier Apparel26,354
23,129
3,225
13.9%
Southern Tide15,849
7,534
8,315
NM
Corporate and Other(2,733)3,355
(6,088)NM
Total gross profit$450,555
$434,314
$16,241
3.7%
LIFO charge (credit) included in Corporate and Other$3,748
$(2,277) 
 
Inventory step-up charge included in Southern Tide$
$2,123
  
Inventory step-up charge included in Lilly Pulitzer$1,086
$
  
The increase in consolidated gross profit was primarily due to higher net sales, as discussed above, and the net favorable impact of the inventory step-up charge in Southern Tide and Lilly Pulitzer, partially offset by the net unfavorable impact of LIFO accounting. Changes in gross margin by operating group are discussed below. The table below presents gross margin by operating group and in total for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 and the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016.
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Tommy Bahama59.8%59.4%
Lilly Pulitzer63.3%63.9%
Lanier Apparel31.3%28.5%
Southern Tide50.7%39.1%
Corporate and OtherNM
NM
Consolidated gross margin56.8%57.0%

On a consolidated basis, gross margin decreased in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017, primarily as a result of the net impact of unfavorable LIFO accounting of $6.0 million between the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 and the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, which was partially offset by improved gross margins in Tommy Bahama and Lanier Apparel and the net impact of the inventory step-up charges in Southern Tide and Lilly Pulitzer .
Tommy Bahama:

The increase in gross margin for Tommy Bahama in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 primarily resulted from a change in sales mix with full-price direct to consumer sales representing a greater proportion of Tommy Bahama’s sales. The increase in gross margin was partially offset by the impact of the sale of certain aged inventory in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017. This inventory had been marked down to its estimated realizable value in the Fourth Quarter of Fiscal 2016 and the sales associated with this inventory resulted in a nominal impact to gross margin. Additionally, gross margin continued to be impacted by a greater proportion of sales in our stores and on our e-commerce website occurring during our marketing events, which typically have lower gross margins than sales during non-promotional periods.

Lilly Pulitzer:
The decrease in gross margin for Lilly Pulitzer was primarily driven by the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 including $1.1 million of incremental cost of goods sold related to the step-up of inventory associated with the acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores.
Lanier Apparel:

The increase in gross margin for Lanier Apparel for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 primarily resulted from lower inventory markdowns and customer allowance amounts compared to the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 as well as a change in sales mix as branded sales represented a greater proportion of Lanier Apparel sales in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017.
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Net sales$13,472
$12,642
$830
6.6%
Gross margin50.0%51.4% 
 
Operating income$2,487
$2,104
$383
18.2%
Operating income as % of net sales18.5%16.6%  
Amortization of Southern Tide intangible assets$72
$72
  

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Southern Tide:

The increase in gross margin for Southern Tide in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 was primarily due to the gross profit of Southern Tide for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 including $2.1 million of incremental cost of goods sold associated with the step-up of inventory recognized at acquisition. All amounts related to the step-up of inventory were recognized during Fiscal 2016. Additionally, Southern Tide's gross margin during the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 reflects reductions in product costs and better gross margin on off-price sales partially offset by a change in sales mix. Wholesale sales represented a greater proportion of Southern Tide in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017, primarily due to seasonality as the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 did not include a full nine months of operations.

Corporate and Other:

The gross profit in Corporate and Other in each period primarily reflects (1) the gross profit of our Lyons, Georgia distribution center operations, (2) the impact of LIFO accounting adjustments and (3) the impact of certain consolidating adjustments, including the elimination of intercompany sales between our operating groups. The primary driver for the lower gross profit was the unfavorable impact of a $3.7 million LIFO accounting charge in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 compared to a $2.3 million LIFO accounting credit in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016. The LIFO accounting charge in Corporate and Other in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 primarily reflects the sale of inventory that had been marked down to net realizable value in prior periods in an operating group, but generally reversed in Corporate and Other as part of LIFO accounting. The LIFO accounting credit in Corporate and Other in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 primarily reflects the reversal of inventory markdowns to net realizable value recognized in the operating groups during that period.

SG&A
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
SG&A$393,193
$374,379
$18,814
5.0%
SG&A as % of net sales49.6%49.2% 
 
Amortization of intangible assets included in Tommy Bahama associated with Tommy Bahama Canada acquisition$1,134
$1,124
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Southern Tide$216
$365
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Lilly Pulitzer associated with Signature Store acquisitions$90
$
  
Transaction expenses associated with the Southern Tide acquisition included in Corporate and Other$
$762
  
Distribution center integration charges$
$454
  
Transaction/integration costs associated with Signature Store acquisitions$563
$
  
The increase in SG&A was primarily due to (1) $8.0 million of incremental costs in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 associated with additional retail stores, (2) a $5.5 million increase in incentive compensation, reflecting higher incentive compensation amounts in Tommy Bahama, Lanier Apparel and Corporate and Other, partially offset by lower amounts in Lilly Pulitzer, (3) $3.9 million of incremental SG&A in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017 associated with the Southern Tide business, which was acquired in April 2016, (4) a $1.3 million increase in brand advertising in Tommy Bahama, including the cost of the 132 page Spring 2017 catalog, and (5) other infrastructure and employment cost increases related to expanding certain of our business operations. These SG&A increases were partially offset by cost reductions in Tommy Bahama's retail store, wholesale and corporate operations as Tommy Bahama has focused on reducing certain employment and other operating costs.

Royalties and other operating income
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Royalties and other operating income$10,123
$10,433
$(310)(3.0)%
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Royalties and other operating income in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 primarily reflects income received from third parties from the licensing of our Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide brands. The $0.3 million decrease in royalties and other operating income resulted from decreased royalty income for Lilly Pulitzer partially offset by higher royalty income in Tommy Bahama and Southern Tide.

Operating income (loss)
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Tommy Bahama$32,082
$26,761
$5,321
19.9 %
Lilly Pulitzer43,621
49,646
(6,025)(12.1)%
Lanier Apparel6,668
6,609
59
0.9 %
Southern Tide3,765
(425)4,190
NM
Corporate and Other(18,651)(12,223)(6,428)(52.6)%
Total operating income$67,485
$70,368
$(2,883)(4.1)%
LIFO charge (credit) included in Corporate and Other$3,748
$(2,277) 
 
Inventory step-up charge included in Southern Tide$
$2,123
  
Inventory step-up charge included in Lilly Pulitzer$1,086
$
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Tommy Bahama associated with Tommy Bahama Canada acquisition$1,134
$1,124
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Southern Tide$216
$365
 
 
Amortization of intangible assets included in Lilly Pulitzer associated with Signature Store acquisitions$90
$
  
Transaction expenses associated with the Southern Tide acquisition included in Corporate and Other$
$762
  
Distribution center integration charges$
$454
  
Transaction/integration costs associated with Signature Store acquisitions$563
$
  

The decrease in operating income in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 was due to the lower operating results in Corporate and Other, primarily due to the impact of LIFO accounting, and lower operating income in Lilly Pulitzer. These items were partially offset by increased operating income in Tommy Bahama and Southern Tide, which was not owned for the full nine months in the prior year. Changes in operating income (loss) by operating group are discussed below.
Tommy Bahama:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$483,971
$472,796
$11,175
2.4%
Gross margin59.8%59.4% 
 
Operating income$32,082
$26,761
$5,321
19.9%
Operating income as % of net sales6.6%5.7% 
 
Amortization of intangible assets included in Tommy Bahama associated with Tommy Bahama Canada acquisition$1,134
$1,124
  
The increase in operating income for Tommy Bahama was primarily due to increased sales and higher gross margin, as discussed above, partially offset by higher SG&A. The higher SG&A for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 includes (1) a $5.6 million increase in incentive compensation amounts, (2) $3.5 million of incremental SG&A associated with non-comp retail stores and (3) $1.3 million of incremental brand advertising expense. These cost increases were partially offset by cost reductions in Tommy Bahama's retail store, wholesale and corporate operations as Tommy Bahama has focused on reducing certain employment and other operating costs.

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Lilly Pulitzer:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$192,045
$186,777
$5,268
2.8 %
Gross margin63.3%63.9% 
 
Operating income$43,621
$49,646
$(6,025)(12.1)%
Operating income as % of net sales22.7%26.6% 
 
Inventory step-up charge included in Lilly Pulitzer$1,086
$
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Lilly Pulitzer associated with Signature Store acquisitions$90
$
  
Transaction/integration costs associated with Signature Store acquisitions$563
$
  

The lower operating income in Lilly Pulitzer was primarily due to lower net sales and gross margin and increased SG&A. The higher SG&A for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 includes (1) $4.6 million of incremental SG&A associated with the cost of operating additional retail stores, (2) SG&A increases to support the planned growth of the business, including additional employee headcount, and (3) $0.7 million of transaction and integration costs and amortization of intangible assets associated with the acquired Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores. These additional SG&A amounts were partially offset by $2.4 million of lower incentive compensation amounts in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017.

Lanier Apparel:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$84,314
$81,217
$3,097
3.8%
Gross margin31.3%28.5% 
 
Operating income$6,668
$6,609
$59
0.9%
Operating income as % of net sales7.9%8.1% 
 
The comparable operating income for Lanier Apparel reflects the impact of higher sales and gross margin partially offset by increased SG&A. The SG&A increase primarily resulted from $1.3 million of incremental infrastructure costs associated with the Strong Suit and Duck Head businesses, which were acquired in Fiscal 2016, and (2) increased incentive compensation.

Southern Tide:
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Net sales$31,254
$19,267
$11,987
NM
Gross margin50.7%39.1 % 
 
Operating income$3,765
$(425)$4,190
NM
Operating income as % of net sales12.0%(2.2)%  
Inventory step-up charge included in Southern Tide$
$2,123
  
Amortization of intangible assets included in Southern Tide$216
$365
  
Distribution center integration charges$
$454
  

The increase in operating income for Southern Tide in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018 was primarily due to the First Nine Monthsincreased wholesale sales. Due to the seasonality of Fiscal 2017 including a full nine months of operations, while the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 only includedSouthern Tide business, the operations fromfirst quarter is typically the date of our acquisition on April 19, 2016 through October 29, 2016. Additionally,largest sales, operating income and operating margin quarter for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 included a $2.1 million inventory step-up charge and $0.5 million of distribution center integration charges, with no such charges in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017.

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Southern Tide business.

Corporate and Other:
First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% ChangeFirst Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Net sales$1,448
$1,482
$(34)NM
$3,488
$526
$2,962
NM
Operating loss(18,651)(12,223)$(6,428)(52.6)%$(4,605)$(6,728)$2,123
31.6%
LIFO charge (credit) included in Corporate and Other$3,748
$(2,277) 
 
Transaction expenses associated with the Southern Tide acquisition included in Corporate and Other$
$762
  
LIFO charge included in Corporate and Other$287
$1,707
 
 
Inventory step-up charges for TBBC included in Corporate and Other$157
$
  
 
The lowerimproved operating results in Corporate and Other in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 were primarily due to (1) the $6.0$1 million net unfavorablefavorable impact of LIFO accounting, and (2) higherlower incentive compensation expense amounts. Theseand other employment cost items were partially offset by $0.8 millionand (3) the operating income of transaction expenses associated with the Southern Tide acquisition in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, with no such expenses in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017.TBBC.
 
Interest expense, net
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% Change
Interest expense, net$2,355
$2,505
$(150)(6.0)%
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Interest expense, net$781
$930
$(149)(16.0)%
 
Interest expense for the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 decreased from the prior year primarily due to (1) the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016 including the write off of $0.3 million of deferred financing costs associated with our amendment and restatement of our revolving credit agreement and (2) lower average debt outstanding during the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017 compared to the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016. These items were2018 partially offset by higher interest rates in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017. Interest expense for the full year of Fiscal 2017 is expected to be approximately $3 million.2018.

Income taxes
First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016$ Change% ChangeFirst Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017$ Change% Change
Income taxes$24,172
$25,408
$(1,236)(4.9)%$7,025
$11,832
$(4,807)(40.6)%
Effective tax rate37.1%37.4% 
 
25.5%40.8%  
 
Income taxes in the First Quarter of Fiscal 2018 decreased from the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to the impact of U.S. Tax Reform. The impact of U.S. Tax Reform results in the income tax amounts and effective tax rates for Fiscal 2018 and Fiscal 2017 not being comparable. Additionally, income tax expense for the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017 includes the favorable impact of (1) earnings in certain of our foreign jurisdictions, including foreign sourcing operations, which have lower tax rates than our domestic earnings and (2) $0.8 million of favorable discrete items in the Third Quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily related to certain prior year tax items, which were partially offset by the $0.8 million unfavorable impact of certain stock awards that vested during the quarter, while the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017. The First Nine Months of Fiscal 20162018 includes the favorable impact of (1) earnings in certain foreign jurisdictions and (2)stock awards that vested during the utilization of certain foreign operating loss carryforward amounts. quarter.

Our effective tax rate for the full year of Fiscal 20172018 is expected to be approximately 37%26%. In addition to the typical items that may result in an effective tax rate that differs from our expectations, the effective rate for Fiscal 2018 may vary from 26% as a result of adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized for U.S. Tax Reform, as discussed in Note 4. The final impact of U.S. Tax Reform may differ from our provisional amounts recognized in Fiscal 2017 due to additional regulatory guidance that may be issued, us obtaining additional information to refine our estimated tax amounts and changes in current interpretations and assumptions. Refer to Note 4 for additional information about income taxes.

Net earnings from continuing operations
 First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016
Net earnings from continuing operations$40,958
$42,455
Net earnings from continuing operations per diluted share$2.45
$2.55
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted16,710
16,635
 First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Net earnings$20,567
$17,197
Net earnings per diluted share$1.23
$1.03
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted16,769
16,695
 
The lowerhigher net earnings from continuing operations per diluted share in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018 was primarily due to (1) the impact of LIFO accounting onlower effective tax rate resulting from U.S. Tax Reform as discussed in Note 4, (2) the improved operating results in Corporate and Other, operating resuts and lower operating income in Lilly Pulitzer, primarily related to charges associated with the Fiscal 2017 acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Store operations.
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including the favorable impact of LIFO accounting, and (3) the increased operating income in Southern Tide. These items were partially offset by higherlower operating income in Lilly Pulitzer, Tommy Bahama and Lanier Apparel primarily due to lower wholesale sales in each of these operating groups as well as Southern Tide, which was not owned for the full nine monthshigher SG&A in the prior year, each as discussed above.Tommy Bahama and Lilly Pulitzer.

FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Our primary source of revenue and cash flow is through our design, sourcing, marketing and distribution of branded apparel products bearing the trademarks of our Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Southern Tide lifestyle brands, other owned brands and licensed brands, and private label apparel products. Our primary uses of cash flow include the purchase of products in the operation of our business from third party contract manufacturers outside of the United States, as well as operating expenses, including employee compensation and benefits, occupancy-related costs, marketing and advertising costs, distribution costs, other general and administrative expenses and the payment of periodic interest payments related to our financing arrangements.
Additionally, we use cash for the funding of capital expenditures, dividends and repayment of indebtedness. In the ordinary course of business, we maintain certain levels of inventory, extend credit to our wholesale customers and pay certainour operating expenses. Thus, we require a certain amount of working capital to operate our business. If cash inflows are less than cash outflows, we have access to amounts under our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement, subject to its terms, which is described below. We may seek to finance our future cash requirements through various methods, including cash flow from operations, borrowings under our current or additional credit facilities, sales of debt or equity securities, and cash on hand.
As of October 28, 2017,May 5, 2018, we had $6.1$5 million of cash and cash equivalents on hand, with $72.1$72 million of borrowings outstanding and $204.6$211 million of availability under our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement. We believe our balance sheet and anticipated future positive cash flow from operating activities provide us with sufficient cash flow to satisfy our ongoing cash requirements andas well as ample opportunity to continue to invest in our brands and our direct to consumer initiatives.

Key Liquidity Measures
($ in thousands)October 28, 2017January 28, 2017October 29, 2016January 30, 2016May 5, 2018February 3, 2018April 29, 2017January 28, 2017
Total current assets$234,721
$231,628
$239,784
$216,796
$250,272
$236,118
$236,982
$231,628
Total current liabilities, including liabilities related to discontinued operations$117,915
$131,396
$97,683
$128,899
Total current liabilities$111,189
$135,010
$119,309
$131,396
Working capital$116,806
$100,232
$142,101
$87,897
$139,083
$101,108
$117,673
$100,232
Working capital ratio1.99
1.76
2.45
1.68
2.25
1.75
1.99
1.76
Debt to total capital ratio15%20%28%12%14%10%19%20%

Our working capital ratio is calculated by dividing total current assets by total current liabilities.liabilities, each including any assets or liabilities related to discontinued operations. Current assets decreasedincreased from OctoberApril 29, 20162017 to October 28, 2017May 5, 2018 primarily due to a $9.1 million reduction in inventories. Current liabilities increased by $20.2 million from October 29, 2016 to October 28, 2017 due to increases in accrued compensation of $6.3 million,prepaid expenses and inventories. Current liabilities decreased primarily due to lower accounts payable of $6.1 million, other accrued expenses of $4.2 million and liabilities relatedat May 5, 2018 compared to discontinued operations of $3.7 million.April 29, 2017. Changes in current assets and current liabilities are discussed below.

For the ratio of debt to total capital, debt is defined as short-term and long-term debt, and total capital is defined as debt plus shareholders' equity. Debt was $72.1$72 million at October 28, 2017May 5, 2018 and $142.4$93 million at OctoberApril 29, 2016,2017, while shareholders’ equity was $407.2$444 million at October 28, 2017May 5, 2018 and $369.3$388 million at OctoberApril 29, 2016.2017. The decrease in debt since OctoberApril 29, 20162017 was primarily due to $130.5$98 million of cash flow from operations which was partially offset by $35.6$43 million of capital expenditures, the payment of $18.2$19 million of dividends and payments related to various acquisitions of $5.1$16 million. Shareholders' equity increased from OctoberApril 29, 2016,2017, primarily as a result of net earnings less dividends paid. Our debt levels and ratio of debt to total capital in future periods may not be comparable to historical amounts as we continue to assess, and possibly make changes to, our capital structure. Changes in our capital structure in the future, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Balance Sheet
 
The following tables set forth certain information included in our consolidated balance sheets (in thousands). Below each table are explanations for any significant changes in the balances from OctoberApril 29, 20162017 to October 28, 2017.May 5, 2018.
 
Current Assets:
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October 28, 2017January 28, 2017October 29, 2016January 30, 2016May 5, 2018February 3, 2018April 29, 2017January 28, 2017
Cash and cash equivalents$6,077
$6,332
$5,351
$6,323
$4,662
$6,343
$6,554
$6,332
Receivables, net73,724
58,279
68,492
59,065
81,274
67,542
79,042
58,279
Inventories, net127,301
142,175
136,383
129,136
132,342
126,812
127,061
142,175
Prepaid expenses27,619
24,842
29,558
22,272
Prepaid expenses and other current assets31,994
35,421
24,325
24,842
Total current assets$234,721
$231,628
$239,784
$216,796
$250,272
$236,118
$236,982
$231,628
 
Cash and cash equivalents as of October 28,May 5, 2018 and April 29, 2017 and October 29, 2016 represent typical cash amounts maintained on an ongoing basis in our operations, which generally ranges from $5 million to $10 million at any given time. Any excess cash is generally used to repay amounts outstanding under our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement. The increase in receivables, net as of October 28, 2017May 5, 2018 was primarily due to a $5 million income tax receivable as of May 5, 2018 with no meaningful income tax receivable as of April 29, 2017, as well as higher credit card receivables, with these increases partially offset by lower wholesale trade receivables resulting from the lower wholesale sales in Tommy Bahama, Lilly Pulitzer and Lanier Apparel in the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2017.

Inventories, net as of October 28, 2017 decreased from October 29, 2016May 5, 2018 increased as a result of lower inventory levels in Lanier Apparel, Southern Tide and Tommy Bahama partially offset by higher inventory levels in Lilly Pulitzer.Pulitzer and Lanier Apparel, partially offset by lower inventory levels in Tommy Bahama, Southern Tide and Corporate and Other. The reducedhigher inventory in Lilly Pulitzer reflects planned sales increases in the Second Quarter of Fiscal 2018 as well as higher retail inventories related to the increased number of Lilly Pulitzer retail stores, while the higher inventory in Lanier Apparel was primarily due toreflects higher anticipated sales in the exit fromSecond Quarter of Fiscal 2018 and changes ina more typical inventory level for Lanier Apparel as the prior year inventories were impacted by the transition of certain replenishment programs resultingand other programs. Inventories in lower inventory levels in the short term.Tommy Bahama and Southern Tide's inventoryTide decreased primarily due to each operating group's continuing initiatives to reduce on-hand inventory levels and clear prior season inventory more quickly, as well as a $1 million step-up from cost to fair value at acquisition, which was included in Southern Tide's October 29, 2016 inventory balance. Tommy Bahama's inventory decreased primarily due to a focus on closely managing inventory purchases, reducing on-hand inventory levels and clearing prior season inventory more quickly. The decrease in Corporate and Other was primarily due to the impact of LIFO accounting including changes in the amounts of inventory markdowns requiring reversal as well as an increase in the saleLIFO accounting reserve in the Fourth Quarter of certain prior seasonFiscal 2017 due to the increase in the Producer Price Index, partially offset by the inventory through off-price wholesale channels and outlet stores.of TBBC. We believe that inventory levels in each operating group are appropriate to support anticipated sales for the FourthSecond Quarter of Fiscal 2017.2018.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets as of October 28, 2017 decreased from October 29, 2016May 5, 2018 increased as a result of (1) lowerhigher prepaid rent due toadvertising associated with our 2018 advertising campaigns and the timing of paymentcertain advertising payments, (2) reclassification of monthly rentcertain amounts as certain November 2017 rent payments had not been paid as of October 28, 2017, but substantially all November 2016 rent payments had been made as of October 29, 2016, and (2) lowerfrom inventory to prepaid taxes based on the timing of estimated tax payments and tax expense. These decreases were partially offset by increases in prepaid advertising, software licensesexpenses and other current assets related to estimated inventory returns, in accordance with the new revenue recognition guidance using the modified retrospective method of transition, and (3) higher other prepaid operating expenses.expenses primarily related to information technology related maintenance, services and software licenses.

Non-current Assets:
October 28, 2017January 28, 2017October 29, 2016January 30, 2016May 5, 2018February 3, 2018April 29, 2017January 28, 2017
Property and equipment, net$191,038
$193,931
$195,799
$184,094
$196,734
$193,533
$192,734
$193,931
Intangible assets, net175,057
175,245
185,957
143,738
178,111
178,858
174,603
175,245
Goodwill63,443
60,015
51,053
17,223
66,577
66,703
60,002
60,015
Other non-current assets, net24,250
24,340
22,882
20,839
25,037
24,729
24,258
24,340
Total non-current assets$453,788
$453,531
$455,691
$365,894
$466,459
$463,823
$451,597
$453,531

Property and equipment, net as of October 28, 2017 decreased from October 29, 2016May 5, 2018 increased primarily as a result of depreciation expensecapital expenditures in the twelve months ended October 28, 2017,May 5, 2018, partially offset by capital expendituresdepreciation expense during the same period. The decreaseincrease in intangible assets, net and the increase in goodwill at October 28, 2017May 5, 2018 were primarily due to the consolidated balance sheet asacquisitions of October 29, 2016 including provisional amounts related to the First Quarter ofcertain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores and TBBC during Fiscal 2016 acquisition of Southern Tide, which were finalized in the Fourth Quarter of Fiscal 2016,2017, as disclosed in Note 12 to our consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016. Various smaller acquisitions2017, partially offset by the amortization of intangible assets in the twelve months ended October 28, 2017 resulted in additional intangible asset and goodwill amounts as well, with the increases in intangible assets from these acquisitions partially offset by amortization of intangible assets during the period.May 5, 2018.

Liabilities:
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October 28, 2017January 28, 2017October 29, 2016January 30, 2016May 5, 2018February 3, 2018April 29, 2017January 28, 2017
Total current liabilities$117,915
$131,396
$97,683
$128,899
$111,189
$135,010
$119,309
$131,396
Long-term debt72,131
91,509
142,425
43,975
72,244
45,809
93,289
91,509
Other non-current liabilities73,487
70,002
69,176
67,188
73,588
74,029
69,370
70,002
Deferred taxes16,829
13,578
13,643
3,657
16,045
15,269
16,183
13,578
Non-current liabilities related to discontinued operations972
2,544
3,279
4,571


2,022
2,544
Total liabilities$281,334
$309,029
$326,206
$248,290
$273,066
$270,117
$300,173
$309,029
 
Current liabilities as of October 28, 2017 increased compared to October 29, 2016May 5, 2018 decreased primarily resulting from (1) lower accounts payable primarily due to the timing of payment of certain payable amounts and (2) the payment of all liabilities related to discontinued operations. These decreases were partially offset by higher (1) a $6.3 millionother accrued expenses and liabilities resulting from higher duties payable, sales taxes and estimated direct to consumer return reserves, each reflecting higher direct to consumer sales during the month ended May 5, 2018, as well as an increase in deferred rent amounts and (2) accrued compensation primarily reflecting higher accrued bonus amounts in Tommy Bahama, Lanier Apparelresulting from the timing of payment of bi-weekly employee salaries at quarter end due to the 53 week Fiscal 2017 shifting the relationship between pay periods and Corporate and Otherfiscal periods, which was partially offset by lower accrued bonus in Lilly Pulitzer, (2) a $6.1 million increase in accounts payable primarily reflecting higher inventory in transit amounts which had not been paid as of October 28, 2017, (3) a $4.2 million increase in other accrued expenses reflecting higher duties payable, gift card payables, accrued royalties, accrued advertising and other amounts and (4) a $3.7 million increase in liabilities related to discontinued operations as all amounts recognized in the prior year were classified in non-current liabilities, but as of October 28, 2017 certain amounts are classified as current liabilities.

incentive compensation amounts. The decrease in debt since October 29, 2016as of May 5, 2018 was primarily due to $130.5cash flows during the twelve months ended May 5, 2018, including $98 million of cash flow from operations which was partially offset by $35.6cash payments of $43 million offor capital expenditures, the payment of $18.2$19 million offor dividends and payments related to$16 million for various small acquisitions of $5.1 million. acquisitions.

Other non-current liabilities increased as of October 28, 2017 compared to October 29, 2016May 5, 2018 primarily due to increases in deferred rent liabilities, including tenant improvement allowances from landlords, and deferred compensation liabilities.

The increase in deferred Deferred taxes waswere comparable as of May 5, 2018 and April 29, 2017 primarily due to the $12 million impact on depreciation expense timing differences associated with depreciation and amortization recognized for tax and book purposes andresulting from a cost segregation analysis completed in Fiscal 2017, which was offset by the deferred tax$12 million impact of the restricted stock that vested in the First Quarterrevaluation of Fiscal 2017, partially offset by a Fourth Quarter of Fiscal 2016 reduction of $2 million of the provisional deferred tax amount associated with the Southern Tide acquisition and the impact of a Fourth Quarter ofamounts resulting from U.S. Tax Reform in Fiscal 2016 increase in lease obligations related to our discontinued operations.

The decrease in non-current2017. There were no liabilities related to discontinued operations, was primarilyincluding current and non-current amounts, as of May 5, 2018 as a result of negotiated lease terminations in Fiscal 2017 for the reclassificationremaining lease agreements, with the final satisfaction of certain amounts to current liabilitiesthe liability associated with the lease obligations completed in February 2018. We do not anticipate cash flows or earnings related to the discontinued operations partially offset by an increase in total liabilitiesfuture periods as we have satisfied all obligations related to discontinued operations recognized in the Fourth Quarter of Fiscal 2016. The aggregate amount included in current and non-current liabilities related to discontinued operations represents our best estimate of the aggregate future net loss anticipated with respect to certain retainedthese lease obligations; however, the ultimate loss to be recognized remains uncertain as the amount of any sub-lease income or negotiated lease termination amounts are dependent upon a variety of factors including market rental amounts and other factors.agreements.

Statement of Cash Flows
 
The following table sets forth the net cash flows, including continuing and discontinued operations, for the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018 and First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20162017 (in thousands):
First Nine Months Fiscal 2017First Nine Months Fiscal 2016First Quarter Fiscal 2018First Quarter Fiscal 2017
Cash provided by operating activities$65,278
$53,307
Cash (used in) provided by operating activities$(7,144)$13,611
Cash used in investing activities(31,412)(137,133)(13,140)(8,770)
Cash (used in) provided by financing activities(34,154)82,555
Cash provided by (used in) financing activities18,689
(4,592)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents$(288)$(1,271)$(1,595)$249

Cash and cash equivalents on hand were $6.1$5 million and $5.4$7 million at October 28,May 5, 2018 and April 29, 2017, and October 29, 2016, respectively. Changes in cash flows in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018 and the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20162017 related to operating activities, investing activities and financing activities are discussed below.
 
Operating Activities:
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In the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2018 and First Quarter of Fiscal 2017, and First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, operating activities provided $65.3used $7 million and $53.3provided $14 million of cash, respectively. The cash flow from operating activities for each period was primarily the result of net earnings for the relevant period adjusted, as applicable, for non-cash activities including depreciation, amortization and equity-based compensation as well as the net impact of changes in deferred taxes and our working capital accounts. In both the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018 and First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2016,2017, working capital account changes had an unfavorable impact on cash flow from operations, reflecting the seasonality of our working capital requirements, with the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017 not as2018 more unfavorably impacted asthan the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2016.2017. In the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 20172018, the more significant changes in working capital were a decrease in current liabilities, an increase in receivables and an increase in inventories, which reduced
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cash flow from operations, partially offset by a reduction in prepaid expenses, which increased cash flow from operations. In the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2016,2017, the more significant changes in working capital accounts were decreasesan increase in receivables and a decrease in current liabilities, increases in receivables and increases in prepaid expenses, each of which decreasedreduced cash flow from operations, partially offset by decreasesa decrease in inventories, which increased cash flow from operations.

Investing Activities:
 
During the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2018 and the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017, investing activities used $31.4$13 million and $9 million, respectively, of cash. Our cash whileflow used in the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, investing activities used $137.1 millionon an ongoing basis typically consists of cash.our capital expenditure investments in our existing brands and acquisitions of assets and operations of new businesses. Our capital expenditures primarily consist of costs associated with information technology initiatives, including e-commerce capabilities; opening, relocating and remodeling full-price retail stores and restaurants; and facilities enhancements for distribution centers and offices. In the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017,2018, we paid $26.4$13 million for capital expenditures compared to $40.1$9 million in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2016.2017. During the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2018 and the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017, we paid $5.1 million for acquisitions, which were related to the acquisition of certain Lilly Pulitzer Signature Stores as well as working capital settlements related to certain Fiscal 2016 acquisitions. During the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, we paid $95.0 millionamounts for acquisitions, consisting of the acquisition of the operations and assets of Southern Tide and the Duck Head trademark, and $2.0 million for the final working capital settlementand other related settlements associated with our Ben Sherman discontinued operations.Fiscal 2017 and Fiscal 2016 acquisitions, respectively.

Financing Activities:
 
During the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017,2018, financing activities used $34.2provided $19 million of cash, while in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2016,2017, financing activities provided $82.6used $5 million of cash. In the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2018, we increased debt to fund our capital expenditures, working capital requirements and dividends. During the First Quarter of Fiscal 2017, we decreased debt as our cash flow from operations exceeded our capital expenditures, payment of dividendsexpenditure and amounts paid related to certain acquisitions.dividend payments. During the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2016, we increased debt primarily for the purpose of funding our Fiscal 2016 acquisitions, funding our capital expenditures2018 and payment of dividends, which in the aggregate exceeded our cash flow from operations. During the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017, and the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2016, we paid $13.6$6 million and $5 million, respectively, of dividends.

We anticipate that cash flow provided by or used in financing activities in the future will be dependent upon whether our cash flow from operating activities exceeds our capital expenditures, dividend payments, acquisitions and any other investing or financing activities. Generally, we anticipate that excess cash, if any, will be used to repay debt on our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
We had $72.1$72 million outstanding as of October 28, 2017May 5, 2018 under our $325 million Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement") compared to $142.4$93 million of borrowings outstanding as of OctoberApril 29, 2016.2017. The U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement generally (1) is limited to a borrowing base consisting of specified percentages of eligible categories of assets, (2) accrues variable-rate interest (weighted average borrowing rate of 2.7%3.5% as of October 28, 2017)May 5, 2018), unused line fees and letter of credit fees based upon average unused availability or utilization, (3) requires periodic interest payments with principal due at maturity (May 2021) and (4) is secured by a first priority security interest in substantially all of the assets of Oxford Industries, Inc. and substantially all of its domestic subsidiaries, including accounts receivable, books and records, chattel paper, deposit accounts, equipment, certain general intangibles, inventory, investment property (including the equity interests of certain subsidiaries), negotiable collateral, life insurance policies, supporting obligations, commercial tort claims, cash and cash equivalents, eligible trademarks, proceeds and other personal property.

To the extent cash flow needs exceed cash flow provided by our operations, we will have access, subject to its terms, to our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement to provide funding for operating activities, capital expenditures and acquisitions, if any. Our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement is also used to establish collateral for certain insurance programs and leases and to finance trade letters of credit for product purchases, which reduce the amounts available under our line of credit when issued. As of October 28, 2017, $4.6May 5, 2018, $5 million of letters of credit were outstanding against our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement. After considering these limitations and the amount of eligible assets in our borrowing base, as applicable, as of October 28, 2017,May 5, 2018, we had $204.6$211 million in unused availability under the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement, subject to certain limitations on borrowings.
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Covenants and Other Restrictions:
The U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement is subject to a number of affirmative covenants regarding the delivery of financial information, compliance with law, maintenance of property, insurance requirements and conduct of business. Also, the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement is subject to certain negative covenants or other restrictions including, among other things, limitations on our ability to (1) incur debt, (2) guaranty certain obligations, (3) incur liens, (4) pay dividends to shareholders, (5) repurchase shares of our common stock, (6) make investments, (7) sell assets or stock of subsidiaries, (8) acquire assets or businesses, (9) merge or consolidate with other companies or (10) prepay, retire, repurchase or redeem debt.
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Additionally, the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant that applies if excess availability under the agreement for three consecutive days is less than the greater of (i) $23.5 million or (ii) 10% of availability. In such case, our fixed charge coverage ratio as defined in the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement must not be less than 1.0 to 1.0 for the immediately preceding 12 fiscal months for which financial statements have been delivered. This financial covenant continues to apply until we have maintained excess availability under the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement of more than the greater of (i) $23.5 million or (ii) 10% of availability for 30 consecutive days.
We believe that the affirmative covenants, negative covenants, financial covenants and other restrictions under the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement are customary for those included in similar facilities entered into at the time we entered into the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement. During the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 and as of October 28, 2017,May 5, 2018, no financial covenant testing was required pursuant to our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement as the minimum availability threshold was met at all times. As of October 28, 2017,May 5, 2018, we were compliant with all covenants related to the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement.

Other Liquidity Items:
We anticipate that we will be able to satisfy our ongoing cash requirements, which generally consist of working capital and other operating activity needs, capital expenditures, interest payments on our debt and dividends, if any, primarily from positive cash flow from operations supplemented by borrowings under our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement. Our need for working capital is typically seasonal with the greatest requirements generally in the fall and spring of each year. Our capital needs will depend on many factors including our growth rate, the need to finance inventory levels and the success of our various products. We anticipate that at the maturity of the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement or as otherwise deemed appropriate, we will be able to refinance the facility or obtain other financing on terms available in the market at that time. The terms of any future financing arrangements may not be as favorable as the terms of the current agreement or current market terms.
WeAlthough we have paid dividends in each quarter since we became a public company in July 1960. However,1960, we may discontinue or modify dividend payments at any time if we determine that other uses of our capital, including payment of outstanding debt, funding of acquisitions, funding of capital expenditures or repurchases of outstanding shares, may be in our best interest; if our expectations of future cash flows and future cash needs outweigh the ability to pay a dividend; or if the terms of our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement,credit facility, other debt instruments or applicable law limit our ability to pay dividends. We may borrow to fund dividends in the short term based on our expectation of operating cash flows in future periods subject to the terms and conditions of the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement,our credit facility, other debt instruments and applicable law. All cash flow from operations will not be paid out as dividends in all periods. For details about limitations on our ability to pay dividends, see the discussion of the U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement above.
Our contractual obligations as of October 28, 2017May 5, 2018 have not changed materially from the contractual obligations outstanding at January 28, 2017,February 3, 2018, as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 20162017 filed with the SEC, other than changes in amounts outstanding under our U.S. Revolving Credit Agreement, as discussed above. 
Our anticipated capital expenditures for Fiscal 2017,2018, including the $26.4$13 million incurred in the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017,2018, are expected to be approximately $40approach $60 million compared to $49.4$39 million in Fiscal 2016.2017. These expenditures are expected to consist primarily of costs associated with information technology initiatives, including e-commerce capabilities,capabilities; opening, relocating orand remodeling full-price retail stores and restaurantsrestaurants; and facilityfacilities enhancements. Our capital expenditure amounts in future years may increase or decrease from the amounts incurred in prior years or the amount expected for Fiscal 2017 depending on the information technology initiatives, full-price retail store and restaurant openings, relocations and remodels and other infrastructure requirements deemed appropriate for that year to support future expansion of our businesses.
Off Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
We have not entered into agreements which meet the SEC’s definition of an off balance sheet financing arrangement, other than operating leases, and have made no financial commitments to or guarantees with respect to any unconsolidated subsidiaries or special purpose entities.
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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP in a consistent manner.GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires the selection and application of accounting policies. Further, the application of GAAP requires us to make estimates and judgments about future events that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those discussed below.estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience, current trends and
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various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.
Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe it is possible that other professionals, applying reasonable judgment to the same set of facts and circumstances, could develop and support a range of alternative estimated amounts. We believe that we have appropriately applied our critical accounting policies. However, in the event that inappropriate assumptions or methods were used relating to the critical accounting policies, our consolidated statements of operations could be misstated.
Our critical accounting policies and estimates are discussed in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016.2017. There have not been any significant changes to the application of our critical accounting policies and estimates during the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017. Additionally, a2018, except for changes in our revenue recognition policy as disclosed in Note 5. A detailed summary of significant accounting policies is included in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016.2017. 

SEASONAL ASPECTS OF OUR BUSINESS
Each of our operating groups is impacted by seasonality as the demand by specific product or style, as well as by distribution channel, may vary significantly depending on the time of year. For details of the impact of seasonality on each of our operating groups, see the business discussion for each operating group discussed in Part I, Item 1, Business in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016. 2017.
As the timing of certain unusual or non-recurring items, economic conditions, wholesale product shipments, weather or other factors affecting the businessour operations may vary from one year to the next, we do not believe that net sales or operating income for any particular quarter or the distribution of net sales and operating income for Fiscal 20162017 are necessarily indicative of anticipated results for the full fiscal yearFiscal 2018 or expected distribution in future years. Our third quarter has historically been our smallest net sales and operating income quarter and that result is expected to continue in the future as our direct to consumer businesses are more heavily weighted towards Spring, Summer and Holiday and as we continue to manage our wholesale businesses.continue. The following table presents our percentage of net sales and operating income from continuing operationsresults by quarter for Fiscal 2016:2017:
 
First
Quarter
Second
Quarter
Third
Quarter
Fourth
Quarter
Net sales25%28%22%25%
Operating income (loss)36%43%%21%
 
First
Quarter
Second
Quarter
Third
Quarter
Fourth
Quarter
Net sales25%26%22%27%
Operating income35%42%1%22%
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 
We are exposed to certain interest rate, foreign currency, commodity and inflation risks as discussed in Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016.2017. There have not been any significant changes in our exposure to these risks during the First Nine MonthsQuarter of Fiscal 2017.2018.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our company, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and
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communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 20172018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
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ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
From time to time, we are a party to litigation and regulatory actions arising in the ordinary course of business. These actions may relate to trademark and other intellectual property, licensing arrangements, real estate, importing or exporting regulations, taxation, employee relationrelations matters or other topics. We are not currently a party to any litigation or regulatory action or aware of any proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities, that we believe could reasonably be expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. However, our assessment of any litigation or other legal claims could potentially change in light of the discovery of additional factors not presently known or determinations by judges, juries, or others which are not consistent with our evaluation of the possible liability or outcome of such litigation or claims.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 
Our business is subject to numerous risks.  Investors should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016,2017, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or operating results.  We operate in a competitive and rapidly changing business environment, and additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also adversely affect our business. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 20162017 are not the only risks facing our company.
 
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
 
(a)        During the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2017,2018, we did not make any unregistered sales of our equity securities.
 
(c)         We have certain stock incentive plans as described in Note 7 to our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for Fiscal 2016,2017, all of which are publicly announced plans. Under the plans, we can repurchase shares from employees to cover employee tax liabilities related to the vesting of shares of our stock. During the ThirdFirst Quarter of Fiscal 2017, no2018, we purchased the following shares were repurchased pursuant to these plans.
Fiscal Month
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased
Average
Price
Paid per
Share
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
Maximum
Number of Shares
That May Yet be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs
February (2/4/18 - 3/3/18)
$
00
March (3/4/18 - 4/7/18)
$
00
April (4/8/18 - 5/5/18)30,186
$78.60
00
Total30,186
$78.60
00

In March 2017, our Board of Directors authorized us to spend up to $50 million to repurchase shares of our stock. This authorization superseded and replaced all previous authorizations to repurchase shares of our stock and has no automatic expiration. As of October 28, 2017,May 5, 2018, no shares of our stock had been repurchased pursuant to this authorization.
 
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
 
None
 
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
 
None
 
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
 
None

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
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3.1 
Restated Articles of Incorporation of Oxford Industries, Inc. (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended July 29, 2017)
3.2 
Bylaws of Oxford Industries, Inc., as amended. (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q10-K for the fiscal quarter ended July 29,Fiscal 2017)
31.1 
31.2 
32 
101.INS XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*
   
  * Filed herewith.
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
December 6, 2017June 13, 2018OXFORD INDUSTRIES, INC. 
 (Registrant) 
   
 /s/ K. Scott Grassmyer 
 K. Scott Grassmyer 
 Executive Vice President - Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Controller 
 (Authorized Signatory) 


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