0000093751stt:InvestmentManagementMemberus-gaap:OperatingSegmentsMemberstt:RevenueFromFeesMember2021-04-012021-06-30
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
Form 10-Q
x☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021
OR
¨☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission File No. 001-07511
STATE STREET CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
MassachusettsMA04-2456637
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
One Lincoln Street
Boston, Massachusetts
Boston,MA02111
(Address of principal executive office)offices)(Zip Code)
617-786-3000
(617)786-3000
(Registrant’sRegistrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1 par value per shareSTTNew York Stock Exchange
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/4,000th ownership interest in a share ofSTT.PRDNew York Stock Exchange
Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D, without par value per share
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/4,000th ownership interest in a share ofSTT.PRGNew York Stock Exchange
Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series G, without par value per share



Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yesx☒No¨☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yesx☒No¨☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large"large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smallerfiler", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company,”company", and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerx
☒
Accelerated filer ¨☐
Non-accelerated filer  ¨☐
Smaller reporting company ¨☐
Emerging growth company¨
☐(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  ¨☐  No  x☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of October 31, 2017July 21, 2021 was 370,836,680.












343,503,114.





STATE STREET CORPORATION
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED
SeptemberJune 30, 20172021


TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Table of Contents for Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
PART I
3
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
4
General
4
Overview of Financial Results
7
Consolidated Results of Operations
9
Total Revenue
10
Net Interest Income
14
Provision for Credit Losses
17
Expenses
17
Acquisition Costs18
Restructuring and Repositioning Charges18
  Income Tax Expense
18
Line of Business Information
19
Investment Servicing
19
Investment Management
23
Financial Condition
26
Investment Securities
27
Loans
29
Cross-Border Outstandings
30
Risk Management
30
Credit Risk Management
31
Liquidity Risk Management
31
Operational Risk Management
36
Information Technology Risk Management
36
Market Risk Management
36
Model Risk Management
40
Strategic Risk Management
40
Capital
41
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
50
Recent Accounting Developments
50
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
5251
Controls and Procedures
5251
Consolidated Financial Statements
52
Consolidated Statement of Income (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016(unaudited)
5352
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016(loss) (unaudited)
5453
Consolidated Statement of Condition as of September 30, 2017 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2016
5554
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016(unaudited)
5655
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016(unaudited)
5756
Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
5857
Note 2. Fair Value
57
Note 3. Investment Securities
63
Note 4. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
67
Note 5. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
72
State Street Corporation | 2


Note 6. Other Assets
73
Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments
73
Note 8. Offsetting Arrangements
77
Note 9. Commitments and Guarantees
80
Note 10. Contingencies
81
Note 11. Variable Interest Entities
83
Note 12. Shareholders' Equity
84
Note 13. Regulatory Capital
88
Note 14. Net Interest Income
89
Note 15. Expenses
89
Note 16. Earnings Per Common Share
90
Note 17. Line of Business Information
91
Note 18. Revenue From Contracts with Customers
92
Note 19. Non-U.S. Activities
93
Review Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
10194
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
10497
Item 6
Exhibits
10598
Signatures
10699


Table of Contents



STATE STREET CORPORATION
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
General
4
Overview of Financial Results
8
Consolidated Results of Operations
10
Total Revenue
10
Fee Revenue
10
Net Interest Income
12
Expenses
15
Income Tax Expense
16
Line of Business Information
17
Financial Condition
24
Investment Securities
25
Loans and Leases
28
Cross-Border Outstandings
28
Risk Management
29
Credit Risk Management
29
Liquidity Risk Management
29
Operational Risk Management
34
Market Risk Management
34
Model Risk Management
37
Capital
37
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
51
Recent Accounting Developments
51



















































We use acronyms and other defined terms for certain business terms and abbreviations, as defined onin the acronyms list and glossary following the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION



GENERAL
State Street Corporation, referred to as the Parent Company, is a financial holding company organized in 1969 under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Our executive offices are located at One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 (telephone (617) 786-3000). For purposes of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 (Form 10-Q), unless the context requires otherwise, references to “State"State Street,” “we,” “us,” “our”" "we," "us," "our" or similar terms mean State Street Corporation and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. The Parent Company is a source of financial and managerial strength to our subsidiaries. Through our subsidiaries, including our principal banking subsidiary, State Street Bank and Trust Company, referred to as State Street Bank, we provide a broad range of financial products and services to institutional investors worldwide, with $32.11$42.60 trillion of AUCAAUC/A and $2.67$3.90 trillion of AUM as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, we had consolidated total assets of $235.99$326.53 billion, consolidated total deposits of $179.26$263.97 billion, consolidated total shareholders' equity of $22.50$25.17 billion and 36,30339,146 employees. We operate in more than 100 geographic markets worldwide, including in the U.S., Canada, Europe, the Middle East and Asia.
Our operations are organized into two lines of business, Investment Servicing and Investment Management, which are defined based on products and services provided.
Additional information about our lines of business is provided in Line of Business Information in this Management's Discussion and Analysis and Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
This Management's Discussion and Analysis is part of our Quarterly Report onthe Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, and updates the Management's Discussion and Analysis in our 20162020 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 previously filed with the SEC.SEC (2020 Form 10-K). You should read the financial information contained in this Management's Discussion and Analysis and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q in conjunction with the financial and other information contained in our 20162020 Form 10-K. Certain previously reported amounts presented in this Form 10-Q have been reclassified to conform to current-period presentation.
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates
and assumptions in its application of certain accounting policies that materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenue and expenses.
The significant accounting policies that require us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that are difficult, subjective or complex about matters that are uncertain and may change in subsequent periods include:
•accounting for fair value measurements;
other-than-temporary impairment of investment securities;
•impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets;
•contingencies; and
contingencies.•allowance for credit losses.
These significant accounting policies require the most subjective or complex judgments, and underlying estimates and assumptions could be subject to revision as new information becomes available. For additional information about these significant accounting policies refer to pages 119 - 122, "Significant123 to 125, “Significant Accounting Estimates,"Estimates” included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.10-K and Significant Accounting Estimates in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in this Form 10-Q. We did not change these significant accounting policies in the first ninesix months of 2017.2021.
Certain financial information provided in this Form 10-Q, including in this Management's Discussion and Analysis, is prepared on both a U.S. GAAP, or reported basis, and a non-GAAP basis, including certain non-GAAP measures used in the calculation of identified regulatory ratios.basis. We measure and compare certain financial information on a non-GAAP basis, including information (such as capital ratios calculated under regulatory standards scheduled to be effective in the future) that management uses in evaluating our business and activities.
Non-GAAP financial information should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, financial information prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. Any non-GAAP financial information presented in this Form 10-Q, including this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, is reconciled to its most directly comparable currently applicable regulatory ratio or U.S. GAAP-basis measure.
We further believe that our presentation of fully taxable-equivalentFTE NII, a non-GAAP measure, which reports non-taxable revenue, such as interest income associated with tax-exempt investment securities, on a fully taxable-equivalentFTE basis, facilitates an investor's understanding and analysis of our underlying financial performance and trends.
We provide additional disclosures required by applicable bank regulatory standards, including supplemental qualitative and quantitative information with respect to regulatory capital (including market

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

supplemental qualitative and quantitative information with respect to regulatory capital (including market risk associated with our trading activities) and the liquidity coverage ratio,LCR, summary results of semi-annual State Street-run stress tests which we conduct under the Dodd-Frank Act, and resolution plan disclosures required under the Dodd-Frank Act. These additional disclosures are accessible on the “Investor Relations” section of our corporate website at www.statestreet.com.
We have included our website address in this report as an inactive textual reference only. Information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this Form 10-Q.
We use acronyms and other defined terms for certain business terms and abbreviations, as defined in the acronyms list and glossary following the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
Forward-Looking Statements
This Form 10-Q, as well as other reports and proxy materials submitted by us under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, registration statements filed by us under the Securities Act of 1933, our annual report to shareholders and other public statements we may make, may contain statements (including statements in theour Management's Discussion and Analysis included in such reports, as applicable) that are considered “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of U.S. securities laws, including statements about our goals and expectations regarding our business, financial and capital condition, results of operations, strategies, financialcost savings and transformation initiatives, investment portfolio performance, dividend and stock purchase programs, outcomes of legal proceedings, market growth, acquisitions, joint ventures and divestitures, cost savings and transformation initiatives, client growth and new technologies, services and opportunities, as well as industry, governmental, regulatory, economic and market trends, initiatives and developments, the business environment and other matters that do not relate strictly to historical facts.
Terminology such as “plan,” “expect,” “intend,” “objective,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “believe,” “priority,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “seek,” “may,” “will,” “trend,” “target,” “strategy” and “goal,” or similar statements or variations of such terms, are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such terms.
Forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, which change over time, are based on management's expectations and assumptions at the time the statements are made and are not guarantees of future results. Management's expectations and assumptions, and the continued validity of the forward-looking statements, are subject
to change due to a broad range of factors affecting the nationalU.S. and global economies, regulatory environment and the equity,
debt, currency and other financial markets, as well as factors specific to State Street and its subsidiaries, including State Street Bank. Factors that could cause changes in the expectations or assumptions on which forward-looking statements are based cannot be foreseen with certainty and include, but are not limited to:
Strategic Risks
the•We are subject to intense competition, which could negatively affect our profitability;
•We are subject to significant pricing pressure and variability in our financial strengthresults and continuing viabilityour AUC/A and AUM;
•Our development and completion of new products and services, including State Street Alpha and State Street Digital, and our enhancement of the counterparties with whichcapabilities of our existing products and services in light of changed client needs and competitive pressures, may involve costs and dependencies and expose us to increased risk;
•Our business may be negatively affected by our failure to update and maintain our technology infrastructure;
•Acquisitions, strategic alliances, joint ventures and divestitures, and the integration, retention and development of the benefits of our acquisitions, pose risks for our business;
•The COVID-19 pandemic continues to exacerbate certain risks and uncertainties for our business; and
•Competition for qualified members of our workforce is intense, and we ormay not be able to attract and retain the highly skilled people we need to support our clients do businessbusiness.
Financial Market Risks
•We could be adversely affected by geopolitical, economic and to which wemarket conditions;
•We have investment, creditsignificant International operations, and disruptions in European and Asian economies could have an adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial exposure, including, for example, the directcondition;
•Our investment securities portfolio, consolidated financial condition and indirect effects on counterpartiesconsolidated results of the sovereign-debt risks in the U.S., Europe and other regions;
increases in the volatility of, or declines in the level of, our NII,operations could be adversely affected by changes in the composition or valuation of the assets recorded in our consolidated statement of condition (and our abilityfinancial markets;
•Our business activities expose us to measure the fair value of investment securities) and the possibility that weinterest rate risk;
•We assume significant credit risk to counterparties, who may change the manner in which we fund those assets;
the liquidity of the U.S. and international securities markets, particularly the markets for fixed-income securities and inter-bank credits, and the liquidity requirements of our clients;
the level and volatility of interest rates, the valuation of the U.S. dollar relative to other currencies in which we record revenue or accrue expenses and the performance and volatility of securities, credit, currency and other markets in the U.S. and internationally; and the impact of monetary and fiscal policy in the United States and internationally on prevailing rates of interest and currency exchange rates in the markets in which we provide services to our clients;
the credit quality, credit-agency ratings and fair values of the securities in our investment securities portfolio, a deterioration or downgrade of which could lead to other-than-temporary impairment of the respective securities and the recognition of an impairment loss in our consolidated statement of income;
our ability to attract deposits and other low-cost, short-term funding, our ability to manage levels of such deposits and the relative portion of our deposits that are determined to be operational under regulatory guidelines and our ability to deploy deposits in a profitable manner consistent with our liquidity needs, regulatory requirements and risk profile;
the manner and timing with which the Federal Reserve and other U.S. and foreign regulators implement or reevaluate changes to the regulatory framework applicable to our operations, including implementation oralso have

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

substantial financial dependencies with other financial institutions, and these credit exposures and concentrations could expose us to financial loss;
modification•Our fee revenue represents a significant portion of the Dodd-Frank Act, the Basel III final ruleour consolidated revenue and European legislation (such as the Alternative Investment Fund Managers Directive, Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities Directives and Markets in Financial Instruments Directive II);is subject to decline based on, among other consequences, these regulatory changes impactfactors, the levelsinvestment activities of regulatoryour clients;
•If we are unable to effectively manage our capital we must maintain, acceptable levelsand liquidity, our consolidated financial condition, capital ratios, results of credit exposureoperations and business prospects could be adversely affected;
•We may need to third parties, margin requirements applicable to derivatives, and restrictions on banking and financial activities. In addition, our regulatory posture and related expenses have been and will continue to be affected by changesraise additional capital or debt in regulatory expectations for global systemically important financial institutions applicable to, among other things, risk management, liquidity and capital planning, resolution planning, compliance programs, and changes in governmental enforcement approaches to perceived failures to comply with regulatory or legal obligations;
our resolution plan, submitted to the Federal Reserve and FDIC in June 2017,future, which may not be consideredavailable to us or may only be sufficient by the Federal Reserveavailable on unfavorable terms; and the FDIC, due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, challenges we may experience in interpreting and addressing regulatory expectations, failure to implement remediation in a timely manner, the complexities of development of a comprehensive plan to resolve a global custodial bank and related costs and dependencies.
•If we fail to meet regulatory expectations to the satisfaction of the Federal Reserve and the FDICexperience a downgrade in our resolution plan submission filedcredit ratings, or an actual or perceived reduction in June 2017 or any future submission, weour financial strength, our borrowing and capital costs, liquidity and reputation could be subject to more stringentadversely affected.
Compliance and Regulatory Risks
•Our business and capital-related activities, including common share repurchases, may be adversely affected by capital leverage orand liquidity requirements, or restrictions on our growth, activities or operations;
standards required as a result of capital stress testing;
adverse changes•We face extensive and changing government regulation in the regulatory ratios that we are required or will be required to meet, whether arising under the Dodd-Frank Act or the Basel III final rule, or due to changes in regulatory positions, practices or regulations in jurisdictions in which we engage in banking activities, including changes in internaloperate, which may increase our costs and compliance risks;
•We are subject to enhanced external oversight as a result of the resolution of prior regulatory or externalgovernmental matters;
•Our businesses may be adversely affected by government enforcement and litigation;
•Any misappropriation of the confidential information we possess could have an adverse impact on our business and could subject us to regulatory actions, litigation and other adverse effects;
•Our calculations of risk exposures, total RWA and capital ratios depend on data inputs, formulae, models, correlations and assumptions or other advanced systems used in the calculation ofthat are subject to change, which could materially impact our risk exposures, our total RWA and our capital ratios that cause changes in those ratios as they are measured from period to period;
requirements to obtain the prior approval or non-objection of the Federal Reserve or other U.S. and non-U.S. regulators for the use, allocation or distribution of our capital or other specific capital actions or corporate activities, including,
without limitation, acquisitions, investments•Changes in subsidiaries, dividends and stock purchases, without which our growth plans, distributions to shareholders, share repurchase programs or other capital or corporate initiatives may be restricted;
changes in law or regulation, or the enforcement of law or regulation, thataccounting standards may adversely affect our business activitiesconsolidated financial statements;
•Changes in tax laws, rules or regulations, challenges to our tax positions and changes in the composition of our pre-tax earnings may increase our effective tax rate; and
•The transition away from LIBOR may result in additional costs and increased risk exposure.
Operational Risks
•Our control environment may be inadequate, fail or be circumvented, and, if so, operational risks could adversely affect our consolidated results of operations;
•Cost shifting to non-U.S. jurisdictions and outsourcing may expose us to increased operational risk and reputational harm and may not result in expected cost savings;
•Attacks or unauthorized access to our information technology systems or facilities, or those of the third parties with which we do business, or disruptions to our clients or their continuous operations, could result in significant costs, reputational damage and impacts on our counterparties, and the products or services that we sell, including additional or increased taxes or assessments thereon, capital adequacy requirements, margin requirements and changes thatbusiness activities;
•Long-term contracts expose us to risks relatedpricing and performance risk;
•Our businesses may be negatively affected by adverse publicity or other reputational harm;
•We may not be able to the adequacy ofprotect our controls or compliance programs;
intellectual property;
economic or financial market disruptions in the U.S. or internationally, including those which may result from recessions or political instability; for example, the U.K.'s decision•The quantitative models we use to exit from the European Union may continue to disrupt financial markets or economic growth in Europe or, similarly, financial markets may react sharply or abruptly to actions taken by the new administration in the United States;
our ability to develop and execute State Street Beacon, our multi-year transformation program to digitizemanage our business deliver significant valuemay contain errors that could result in material harm;
•Our reputation and innovation forbusiness prospects may be damaged if our clients incur substantial losses or are restricted in redeeming their interests in investment pools that we sponsor or manage;
•The impacts of climate change could adversely affect our business operations; and lower expenses across
•We may incur losses as a result of unforeseen events, including terrorist attacks, natural disasters, the organization, any failure of which, in whole or in part, may among other things, reduce our competitive position, diminish the cost-effectiveness of our systems and processes or provide an insufficient return on our associated investment;
our ability to promote a strong culture of risk management, operating controls, compliance oversight, ethical behavior and governance that meets our expectations and those of our clients and our regulators, and the financial, regulatory, reputation and other consequences of our failure to meet such expectations;
the impact on our compliance and controls enhancement programs of the appointmentemergence of a monitor under the deferred prosecution agreement with the DOJ and compliance consultant appointed under a settlement with the SEC, including the potential for such monitor and compliance consultant to require changes to our programsnew pandemic or to identify other issues that require substantial expenditures, changes in our operations, or payments to clients or reporting to U.S. authorities;
the resultsacts of our review of our billing practices, including additional amounts we may be required to reimburse clients, as well asembezzlement.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

potential consequences of such review, including damage to our client relationships and adverse actions by governmental authorities;
the results of, and costs associated with, governmental or regulatory inquiries and investigations, litigation and similar claims, disputes, or civil or criminal proceedings;
changes or potential changes in the amount of compensation we receive from clients for our services, and the mix of services provided by us that clients choose;
the large institutional clients on which we focus are often able to exert considerable market influence, and this, combined with strong competitive market forces, subjects us to significant pressure to reduce the fees we charge, to potentially significant changes in our assets under custody and administration or our assets under management in the event of the acquisition or loss of a client, in whole or in part, and to potentially significant changes in our fee revenue in the event a client re-balances or changes its investment approach or otherwise re-directs assets to lower- or higher-fee asset classes;
the potential for losses arising from our investments in sponsored investment funds;
the possibility that our clients will incur substantial losses in investment pools for which we act as agent, and the possibility of significant reductions in the liquidity or valuation of assets underlying those pools;
our ability to anticipate and manage the level and timing of redemptions and withdrawals from our collateral pools and other collective investment products;
the credit agency ratings of our debt and depositary obligations and investor and client perceptions of our financial strength;
adverse publicity, whether specific to State Street or regarding other industry participants or industry-wide factors, or other reputational harm;
our ability to control operational risks, data security breach risks and outsourcing risks, our ability to protect our intellectual property rights, the possibility of errors in the quantitative models we use to manage our business and the possibility that our controls will prove insufficient, fail or be circumvented;
our ability to expand our use of technology to enhance the efficiency, accuracy and reliability of our operations and our dependencies on information technology and our ability to control related risks, including cyber-crime and other threats to our information technology
infrastructure and systems (including those of our third-party service providers) and their effective operation both independently and with external systems, and complexities and costs of protecting the security of such systems and data;
our ability to grow revenue, manage expenses, attract and retain highly skilled people and raise the capital necessary to achieve our business goals and comply with regulatory requirements and expectations;
changes or potential changes to the competitive environment, including changes due to regulatory and technological changes, the effects of industry consolidation and perceptions of State Street as a suitable service provider or counterparty;
our ability to complete acquisitions, joint ventures and divestitures, including the ability to obtain regulatory approvals, the ability to arrange financing as required and the ability to satisfy closing conditions;
the risks that our acquired businesses and joint ventures will not achieve their anticipated financial and operational benefits or will not be integrated successfully, or that the integration will take longer than anticipated, that expected synergies will not be achieved or unexpected negative synergies or liabilities will be experienced, that client and deposit retention goals will not be met, that other regulatory or operational challenges will be experienced, and that disruptions from the transaction will harm our relationships with our clients, our employees or regulators;
our ability to recognize evolving needs of our clients and to develop products that are responsive to such trends and profitable to us, the performance of and demand for the products and services we offer, and the potential for new products and services to impose additional costs on us and expose us to increased operational risk;
changes in accounting standards and practices; and
changes in tax legislation and in the interpretation of existing tax laws by U.S. and non-U.S. tax authorities that affect the amount of taxes due.
Actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed in our forward- lookingforward-looking statements and from our historical financial results due to the factors discussed in this section and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q or disclosed in our other SEC filings. Forward-looking statements in

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

this Form 10-Q should not be relied on as representing our expectations or beliefsassumptions as of any time subsequent to the time this Form 10-Q is filed with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to revise our forward-looking statements after the time they are made. The factors discussed herein are not intended to be a complete statement of all risks and uncertainties that may affect our businesses. We cannot anticipate all developments that may adversely affect our business or operations or our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.
Forward-looking statements should not be viewed as predictions and should not be the primary basis on which investors evaluate State Street. Any investor in State Street should consider all risks and uncertainties disclosed in our SEC filings, including our filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in particular our annual reports on Form 10-K, our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and our current reports on Form 8-K, orand our registration statements filed under the Securities Act of 1933, all of which are accessible on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov or on the “Investor Relations” section of our corporate website at www.statestreet.com.
OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS
TABLE 1: OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS  
 Quarters Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)2017 2016 % Change
Total fee revenue$2,242
 $2,079
 8 %
Net interest income603
 537
 12
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net1
 4
 nm
Total revenue2,846
 2,620
 9
Provision for loan losses3
 —
 —
Total expenses2,021
 1,984
 2
Income before income tax expense822
 636
 29
Income tax expense (benefit)137
 72
 90
Net Income (loss) from non-controlling interest—
 (1) nm
Net income$685

$563
 22
Adjustments to net income:    
Dividends on preferred stock(1)
(55) (55) —
Earnings allocated to participating securities(2)
(1) (1) nm
Net income available to common shareholders$629
 $507
 24
Earnings per common share:     
Basic$1.69
 $1.31
 29
Diluted1.66
 1.29
 29
Average common shares outstanding (in thousands):     
Basic372,765
 388,358
  
Diluted378,518
 393,212
  
Cash dividends declared per common share$.42
 $.38
  
Return on average common equity13.0% 10.6%  
      
 Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)2017 2016 % Change
Total fee revenue$6,675
 $6,102
 9 %
Net interest income1,688
 1,570
 8
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net(39) 5
 nm
Total revenue8,324
 7,677
 8
Provision for loan losses4
 8
 (50)
Total expenses6,138
 5,894
 4
Income before income tax expense2,182
 1,775

23
Income tax expense (benefit)375
 226
 66
Net income from non-controlling interest—
 1
 nm
Net income$1,807
 $1,550
 17
Adjustments to net income:     
Dividends on preferred stock(1)
$(146) $(137) 7
Earnings allocated to participating securities(2)
(2) (2) nm
Net income available to common shareholders$1,659
 $1,411
 18
Earnings per common share:     
Basic$4.41
 $3.58
 23
Diluted4.35
 3.54
 23
Average common shares outstanding (in thousands):     
Basic376,430
 393,959  
Diluted381,779
 398,413  
Cash dividends declared per common share$1.18
 $1.06
  
Return on average common equity11.9% 9.9%  
TABLE 1: OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS
Three Months Ended June 30,% Change
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)20212020
Total fee revenue$2,514 $2,378 6 %
Net interest income467 559 (16)
Total other income53 — nm
Total revenue3,034 2,937 3 
Provision for credit losses(15)52 nm
Total expenses2,111 2,082 1 
Income before income tax expense938 803 17 
Income tax expense175 109 61 
Net income$763 $694 10 
Adjustments to net income:
Dividends on preferred stock(1)
$(34)$(32)6 
Earnings allocated to participating securities(2)
(1)— nm
Net income available to common shareholders$728 $662 10 
Earnings per common share:
Basic$2.11 $1.88 12 
Diluted2.07 1.86 11 
Average common shares outstanding (in thousands):
Basic345,889 352,157 (2)
Diluted351,582 356,413 (1)
Cash dividends declared per common share$.52 $.52 — 
Return on average common equity12.6 %12.1 %50 bps
Pre-tax margin30.9 27.3 360 
Six Months Ended June 30,% Change
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)20212020
Total fee revenue$4,997 $4,777 5 %
Net interest income934 1,223 (24)
Total other income53 — 2 nm
Total revenue5,984 6,002 — 
Provision for credit losses(24)88 nm
Total expenses4,443 4,337 2 
Income before income tax expense1,565 1,577 (1)
Income tax expense283 249 14 
Net income$1,282 $1,328 (3)
Adjustments to net income:
Dividends on preferred stock(1)
$(64)$(85)(25)
Earnings allocated to participating securities(2)
(1)(1)— 
Net income available to common shareholders$1,217 $1,242 (2)
Earnings per common share:
Basic$3.49 $3.52 (1)
Diluted3.44 3.48 (1)
Average common shares outstanding (in thousands):
Basic348,303 352,952 (1)
Diluted353,434 357,028 (1)
Cash dividends declared per common share$1.04 $1.04 — 
Return on average common equity10.5 %11.5 %(100) bps
Pre-tax margin26.2 26.3 (10)
(1) Additional information about our preferred stock dividends is provided in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
(2) Represents the portion of net income available to common equity allocated to participating securities, composed of unvested and fully vested SERP (Supplemental executive retirement plans) shares and fully vested deferred director stock awards, which are equity-based awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, and are considered to participate with the common stock in undistributed earnings.
nm Not meaningful

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Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following “Financial Results and Highlights” section provides information related to significant events, as well as highlights of our consolidated financial results for the second quarter ended September 30, 2017of 2021 presented in Table 1: Overview of Financial Results. More detailed information about our consolidated financial results, including comparisonsthe comparison of our financial results for the third quarterthree and first ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, compared to those for the same periods in 2016,2020, is provided under “Consolidated Results of Operations,”Operations”, "Line of Business Information" and "Capital" which follows these sections, as well as in our consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q. In this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, where we describe the effects of changes in foreign exchange rates,currency translation, those effects are determined by applying applicable weighted average foreign exchangeFX rates from the relevant 20162020 period to the relevant 20172021 period results.
Financial Results and Highlights
•Second quarter of 2021 financial performance:
◦EPS of $1.66$2.07 in the thirdsecond quarter of 2017 increased 29%2021, up 11%, from $1.86 in the same period in 2020.
◦Total fee revenue was up 6% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to $1.29the same period in 2020, including 2% due to currency translation.
◦Servicing fee revenues were up 10% in the thirdsecond quarter of 2016.
2021, compared to the same period in 2020, including 3% due to currency translation. Management fee revenues were up 14% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, including 2% due to currency translation.
Third◦In the second quarter 2017 ROE of 13.0%2021, return on equity of 12.6% increased from 10.6%12.1% in the third quarter of 2016.
same period in 2020, primarily due to an increase in net income available to common shareholders. Pre-tax margin of 28.9%30.9% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172021 increased from 24.3%27.3% in the thirdsame period in 2020, primarily due to an increase in total revenue.
◦Operating leverage was 1.9% points in the second quarter of 2016.2021, predominantly due to a $53 million gain on the sale of a majority share of our Wealth Management Services (WMS) business. Operating leverage represents the difference between the percentage change in total
revenue and the percentage change in total expenses, in each case relative to the prior year period.
•During the second quarter of 2021, our business and financial results continued to reflect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic:
◦Approximately 80% of our employees globally continue to work remotely as of June 30, 2021.
◦We continued to experience high levels of client deposits in the second quarter of 2021 amidst the Federal Reserve's expansionary monetary policy.
Revenue
•Total revenue andincreased 3% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, including 2% due to currency translation, as the increase in total fee revenue was partially offset by a decline in NII. Total fee revenue increased 9% and 8%, respectively,6% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172021, compared to the third quarter of 2016,same period in 2020, primarily driven by higher global equity markets, net new assetincreases in servicing businessfees, management fees and the impact of the weaker U.S. dollar,securities finance revenue, partially offset by lower foreign exchange trading services revenue.
revenue and software and processing fees.
•Servicing fee revenue increased 4%10% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172021, compared to the third quarter of 2016,same period in 2020, primarily due to higher globalaverage equity markets,market levels, client flows, and net new business, partially offset by normal pricing headwinds and lower client activity in the weaker U.S. dollar.second quarter of 2021. Currency translation increased servicing fees by 3% in the second quarter of 2021, relative to the same period in 2020.
•Management fee revenue increased 14% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172021, compared to the third quarter of 2016,same period in 2020, primarily due to higher globalaverage equity markets, new businessmarket levels and net inflows from ETFs, partially offset by a previously reported idiosyncratic institutional client asset reallocation in the first quarter of 2021 and higher revenue-yielding ETF inflows.money market fee waivers. Currency translation increased management fees by 2% in the second quarter of 2021, relative to the same period in 2020.
NII increased•Foreign exchange trading services decreased 12% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172021, compared to the third quarter of 2016,same period in 2020, primarily due to higher U.S. market interest rates, loan portfolio growth, lower wholesale CD costs and disciplined liability pricing, partially offset by lower average interest earning assets.
Expenses
Total expenses increased 2% in the third quarter of 2017FX volatility, as compared to the thirdhigh levels of volatility experienced in the second quarter of 2016, primarily reflecting installation of new business, annual merit and performance related incentive compensation increases and the impact of the weaker U.S. dollar, partially offset by Beacon savings (including approximately $35 million of Beacon savings attributable to the third quarter of 2017).
In the third quarter of 2017, we recorded restructuring charges of $33 million related to Beacon.
AUCA/AUM
AUCA increased 10% in the third quarter of 2017 compared to the third quarter of 2016, primarily due to higher global equity markets and business activity. In the third quarter of 2017, we secured new asset servicing mandates of approximately $105 billion. Our AUCA pipeline of asset servicing mandates that have been won but not yet installed as of September 30, 2017 totaled approximately $390 billion.
AUM increased 9% in the third quarter of 2017 compared to the third quarter of 2016, primarily due to higher global equity markets and positive ETF flows, partially offset by continuing institutional net outflows.
Capital
We declared a quarterly common stock dividend of $0.42 per share, totaling approximately $156 million in the third quarter of 2017, compared to $0.38 per share, totaling $147 million in the third quarter of 2016, representing an increase of approximately 11% on a per share basis.
In the third quarter of 2017, we acquired approximately 3.7 million shares of common stock at an average per-share cost of $93.39 and an aggregate cost of approximately $350 million under the common stock purchase program approved by our Board in June 2017.
CET1 capital ratio under the Basel III standardized approach was 11.6% as of September 30, 2017.
Tier 1 leverage ratio increased to 7.4% as of September 30, 2017.
2020

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

during the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by higher client FX volumes.
•Securities finance revenue increased 18% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, reflecting higher agency lending and enhanced custody balances, partially offset by lower spreads.
•Software and processing fees revenue decreased 12% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily due to the absence of prior year market-related adjustments.
•NII decreased 16% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily due to lower investment portfolio yields and a decline in average short-end market rates, partially offset by growth in deposits, the investment portfolio size and loan balances.
Provision for Credit Losses
•The provision for credit losses was a $15 million reserve release in the second quarter of 2021, compared to an expense of $52 million in the same period in 2020, which reflects a positive shift in management's economic outlook.
Expenses
•Total expenses increased 1% in the second quarter of 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily reflecting the impact of currency translation, partially offset by lower notable items. Currency translation increased expenses by 2% in the second quarter of 2021, relative to the same period in 2020.
•The impact of notable items in the second quarter of 2021 includes:
◦$53 million gain on the sale of a majority share of our WMS business, recorded in other income;
◦legal accrual release of approximately $11 million; and
◦acquisition and restructuring costs of approximately $11 million, primarily related to CRD.
•The impact of notable items in the second quarter of 2020 includes acquisition and restructuring costs of approximately $12 million, primarily related to CRD.
AUC/A and AUM
•AUC/A of $42.60 trillion increased 27% as of June 30, 2021, compared to June 30, 2020, primarily due to higher period-end market levels, net new business growth and client
flows. In the second quarter of 2021, newly announced asset servicing mandates totaled approximately $1.19 trillion. Servicing assets remaining to be installed in future periods totaled approximately $1.24 trillion as of June 30, 2021.
•AUM of $3.90 trillion increased 28% as of June 30, 2021, compared to June 30, 2020, primarily due to higher period-end market levels and net inflows from ETFs and cash, partially offset by institutional net outflows.
Capital
•In the second quarter of 2021, we returned a total of approximately $606 million to our shareholders in the form of common stock dividends and share repurchases.
•We declared common stock dividends of $0.52 per share, totaling $179 million in the second quarter of 2021, compared to $0.52 per share, totaling $183 million in the second quarter of 2020.
•In the second quarter of 2021, we acquired 5.0 million shares of common stock, under a share repurchase program approved by our Board in April 2021, at an average per share cost of $84.71 and an aggregate cost of approximately $425 million. We had no repurchases of our common stock in the second quarter of 2020.
▪In July 2021, we announced a third-quarter dividend of $0.57 per share on our common stock, representing a 10% increase on a per share basis from both the third quarter of 2020 and the second quarter of 2021.
▪In July 2021, our Board authorized share repurchases of up to $3.0 billion of our common stock through the end of 2022.
•Our CET1 capital ratio decreased to 11.2% as of June 30, 2021, compared to 12.3% as of December 31, 2020, primarily due to higher risk-weighted assets. Our Tier 1 leverage ratio decreased to 5.2% as of June 30, 2021 compared to 6.4% as of December 31, 2020, primarily due to higher client deposit levels. As of both June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, standardized capital ratios were binding.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This section discusses our consolidated results of operations for the third quarterthree and first ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, compared to the same periods in 2016,2020, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying condensed notes to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
State Street Corporation | 9

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Total Revenue
TABLE 2: TOTAL REVENUETABLE 2: TOTAL REVENUETABLE 2: TOTAL REVENUE
Quarters Ended September 30,  Three Months Ended June 30,% Change
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016 % Change(Dollars in millions)20212020
Fee revenue:     Fee revenue:
Servicing fees$1,351
 $1,303
 4 %Servicing fees$1,399 $1,272 10 %
Management fees419
 368
 14
Trading services:     
Foreign exchange trading150
 159
 (6)
Brokerage and other trading services109
 108
 1
Total trading services259
 267
 (3)
Management fees(1)
Management fees(1)
504 444 14 
Foreign exchange trading services(1)
Foreign exchange trading services(1)
286 325 (12)
Securities finance147
 136
 8
Securities finance109 92 18 
Processing fees and other66
 5
 nm
Total fee revenue2,242
 2,079
 8
Software and processing feesSoftware and processing fees216 245 (12)
Total fee revenue(2)
Total fee revenue(2)
2,514 2,378 6 
Net interest income:     Net interest income:
Interest income761
 647
 18
 Interest income467 674 (31)
Interest expense158
 110
 44
 Interest expense— 115 nm
Net interest income603
 537
 12
Net interest income467 559 (16)
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net1
 4
 nm
Total revenue$2,846
 $2,620
 9
Other income:Other income:
Other incomeOther income53 — nm
Total other incomeTotal other income53 — nm
Total revenue(1)
Total revenue(1)
$3,034 $2,937 3 
     
Nine Months Ended September 30,  Six Months Ended June 30,% Change
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016% Change(Dollars in millions)20212020
Fee revenue:     Fee revenue:
Servicing fees$3,986
 $3,784
 5 %Servicing fees$2,770 $2,559 8 %
Management fees1,198
 931
 29
Trading services:    

Foreign exchange trading492
 472
 4
Brokerage and other trading services331
 334
 (1)
Total trading services823
 806
 2
Management fees(1)
Management fees(1)
997 908 10 
Foreign exchange trading services(1)
Foreign exchange trading services(1)
632 769 (18)
Securities finance459
 426
 8
Securities finance208 184 13 
Processing fees and other209
 155
 35
Total fee revenue6,675
 6,102
 9
Software and processing feesSoftware and processing fees390 357 9 
Total fee revenue(2)
Total fee revenue(2)
4,997 4,777 5 
Net interest income:Net interest income:   

Net interest income:
Interest income2,111
 1,896
 11
Interest income938 1,542 (39)
Interest expense423
 326
 30
Interest expense4 319 (99)
Net interest income1,688
 1,570
 8
Net interest income934 1,223 (24)
Other income:Other income:
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net(39) 5
 nm
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net— 2 nm
Other incomeOther income53 — nm
Total other incomeTotal other income53 2 nm
Total revenue$8,324
 $7,677
 8
Total revenue$5,984 $6,002 — 

(1) Certain fees associated with our GLD ETFs have been reclassified from foreign exchange trading services to management fees to better reflect the nature of those fees. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to current-period presentation. These fees were approximately $19 million and $34 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.
(2) The impact of State Street Global Advisors gross money market fund fee waivers on management fee revenue was approximately $25 million and $40 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, with an additional approximately $21 million and $31 million of gross money market fund fee waivers attributable to other fee revenue lines in the same periods, respectively.
nm Not meaningful
Fee Revenue
Table 2: Total Revenue, provides the breakout of fee revenue for the quartersthree and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016.
2020. Servicing and management fees collectively made up approximately 79%76% and 78%75% of
the total fee revenue in the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to approximately 80%72% and 77%73% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2016,same periods in 2020, respectively. The level of these fees is influenced
Servicing Fee Revenue
Generally, our servicing fee revenues are affected by several factors including changes in market valuations, client activity and asset flows, net new business and the manner in which we price our services. We provide a range of services to our clients, including core custody services, accounting, reporting and administration and middle office services, and the nature and mix of services provided affects our servicing fees. The basis for fees will differ across regions and volumeclients.
Changes in Market Valuations
Our servicing fee revenue is impacted by both our levels and the geographic and product mix of our AUCAAUC/A. Increases or decreases in market valuations have a corresponding impact on the level of our AUC/A and servicing fee revenues, though the degree of impact will vary depending on asset types and classes and geography of assets held within our clients’ portfolios.
Over the five years ended December 31, 2020, we estimate that worldwide market valuations impacted our servicing fee revenues by approximately (1)% to 5% annually. See Table 3: Daily Averages, Month-End Averages and Quarter-End Equity Indices for selected indices. While the specific indices presented are indicative of general market trends, the asset types and classes relevant to individual client portfolios can and do differ, and the performance of associated relevant indices and of client portfolios can therefore differ from the performance of the indices presented. In addition, our asset classifications may differ from those industry classifications presented.
Assuming that all other factors remain constant, including client activity and asset flows and pricing, we estimate, using relevant information as of June 30, 2021 that a 10% increase or decrease in worldwide equity valuations, on a weighted average basis, over the relevant periods for which our servicing fees are calculated, would result in a corresponding change in our total servicing fee revenues, on average and over multiple quarters, of approximately 3%. We estimate, similarly assuming all other factors constant and using relevant information as of June 30, 2021, that changes in worldwide fixed income markets, which on a weighted average basis and over time are typically less volatile than worldwide equity markets, have a smaller impact on our servicing fee revenues on average and over time.
State Street Corporation | 10

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
TABLE 3: DAILY AVERAGES, MONTH-END AVERAGES AND QUARTER-END EQUITY INDICES(1)
Daily Averages of IndicesMonth-End Averages of IndicesQuarter-End Indices
Three Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30,As of June 30,
20212020% Change20212020% Change20212020% Change
S&P 500®
4,184 2,932 43 %4,228 3,019 40 %4,298 3,100 39 %
MSCI EAFE®
2,307 1,681 37 2,302 1,721 34 2,305 1,781 29 
MSCI® Emerging Markets
1,351 930 45 1,366 950 44 1,375 995 38 
Daily Averages of IndicesMonth-End Averages of Indices
Six Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020% Change20212020% Change
S&P 500®
4,027 2,993 35 %4,030 2,970 36 %
MSCI EAFE®
2,254 1,774 27 2,235 1,754 27 
MSCI® Emerging Markets
1,357 980 38 1,347 961 40 
(1) The index names listed in the table are service marks of their respective owners.
TABLE 4: QUARTER-END DEBT INDICES(1)
As of June 30,
20212020% Change
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index®
2,354 2,362 — %
Barclays Capital Global Aggregate Bond Index®
541 527 3 
(1) The index names listed in the table are service marks of their respective owners.
Client Activity and Asset Flows
Client activity and asset flows are impacted by the number of transactions we execute on behalf of our clients, including FX settlements, equity and derivative trades, and wire transfer activity, as well as actions by our clients to change the asset class in which their assets are invested. Our servicing fee revenues are impacted by a number of factors, including transaction volumes, asset levels and asset classes in which funds are invested, as well as industry trends associated with these client-related activities.
Our clients may change the asset classes in which their assets are invested, based on their market outlook, risk acceptance tolerance or other considerations. Over the five years ended December 31, 2020, we estimate that client activity and asset flows, together, impacted our servicing fee revenues by approximately (1)% to 2% annually. See Table 5: Industry Asset Flows for selected asset flow information. While the asset flows presented are indicative of general market trends, the asset types and classes relevant to individual client portfolios can and do differ, and our AUM,flows may differ from those market trends. In addition, our asset classifications may differ from those industry classifications presented.
TABLE 5: INDUSTRY ASSET FLOWS
Three Months Ended June 30,
(In billions)20212020
North America - (US Domiciled) - Morningstar Direct Market Data(1)(2)(3)
Long-Term Funds(4)
$167.4 $56.3 
Money Market24.2 259.4 
Exchange-Traded Fund148.1 69.6 
Total Flows$339.7 $385.3 
Europe - Morningstar Direct Market Data(1)(2)(5)
Long-Term Funds(4)
$206.0 $167.6 
Money Market6.9 152.8 
Exchange-Traded Fund53.0 36.2 
Total Flows$265.9 $356.6 
(1) Industry data is provided for illustrative purposes only. It is not intended to reflect our activity or our clients' activity and is indicative of only segments of the valueentire industry.
(2) Source: Morningstar. The data includes long-term mutual funds, ETFs and typemoney market funds. Mutual fund data represents estimates of securities positions held (with respectnet new cash flow, which is new sales minus redemptions combined with net exchanges, while ETF data represents net issuance, which is gross issuance less gross redemptions. Data for Fund of Funds, Feeder funds and Obsolete funds were excluded from the series to assets under custody),prevent double counting. Data is from the volumeMorningstar Direct Asset Flows database.
(3) The second quarter of portfolio transactions,2021 data for North America (US domiciled) includes Morningstar direct actuals for April and May 2021 and Morningstar direct estimates for June 2021.
(4) The long-term fund flows reported by Morningstar direct in North America are composed of US domiciled market flows mainly in Equities, Allocation and Fixed-Income asset classes. The long-term fund flows reported by Morningstar direct in EMEA are composed of the European market flows mainly in Equities, Allocation and Fixed-Income asset classes.
(5) The second quarter of 2021 data is on a rolling three month basis for March 2021 through May 2021, sourced by Morningstar.
State Street Corporation | 11

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net New Business
Over the five years ended December 31, 2020, net new business, which includes business both won and lost, has affected our servicing fee revenues by approximately 2% on average with a range of 0% to 3% annually. Gross investment servicing mandates were $1.19 trillion in the second quarter of 2021 and $1.3 trillion per year on average over the past five years. Over the five years ended December 31, 2020, gross annual investment servicing mandates ranged from $750 billion to nearly $2.0 trillion.
New business impacting servicing fees can include: custody; product accounting; daily valuation and administration; record-keeping; cash management; and other services. Revenues associated with new servicing mandates may vary based on the breadth of services provided, the time required to install the assets, and the types of productsassets installed.
Revenues associated with new mandates are not reflected in our servicing fee revenue until the assets have been installed. Our installation timeline, in general, can range from 6 to 36 months, with the average installation timeline being approximately 9 to 12 months over the 2 years ended December 31, 2020. Our more complex installations, including new State Street Alpha mandates, will generally be on the longer end of that range. With respect to the current asset mandates that are yet to be installed as of June 30, 2021, we expect the conversion will occur over the coming 12 to 24 months, with the associated revenue benefits beginning in 2022, and services used byexpected to be largely realized in 2023.
Pricing
The industry in which we operate has historically faced pricing pressure, and our clients, and is generallyservicing fee revenues are also affected by such pressures today. Consequently, no assumption should be drawn as to future revenue run rate from announced servicing wins, as the amount of revenue associated with AUC/A can vary materially. On average, over the five years ended December 31, 2020, we estimate that pricing pressure with respect to existing clients has impacted our servicing fees by approximately (2)% annually, with the impact ranging from (1)% to (4)% in any given year. Pricing concessions can be a part of a contract renegotiation with a client including terms that may benefit us, such as extending the terms of our relationship with the client, expanding the scope of services that we provide or reducing our dependency on manual processes through the standardization of the services we provide. The timing of the impact of additional revenue generated by anticipated additional services, and the amount of revenue generated, may differ from the impact of pricing concessions on existing services due to the necessary time required to onboard those new
services, the nature of those services and client investment practices. These same market pressures also impact the fees we negotiate when we win business from new clients.
In order to offset the typical client attrition and normal pricing headwinds, we estimate that we need at least $1.5 trillion of new AUC/A per year; although, notwithstanding increases in AUC/A, servicing fees remain subject to several factors, including changes in worldwide equitymarket valuations, client activity and fixed-income securityasset flows, the manner in which we price our services, the nature of the assets being serviced and the type of services and the other factors described in Item 1A, "Risk Factors", in our 2020 Form 10-K.
Historically, and based on an indicative sample of revenue, we estimate that approximately 55%, on average, of our servicing fee revenues have been variable due to changes in asset valuations and trends in market asset class preferences.
Generally, servicing fees are affected byincluding changes in daily average valuations of AUCA. Additional factors, such asAUC/A; another 15%, on average, of our servicing fees are impacted by the relative mixvolume of assets serviced,activity in the levelfunds we serve; and the remaining approximately 30% of transaction volumes, changesour servicing fees tend not to be variable in service level,nature nor impacted by market fluctuations or values.
The impact of the natureabove, client activity and asset flows, net new business and pricing, noted drivers of services provided, balance credits, client minimum balances, pricing concessions, the geographical location in which services are provided and other factors, may have a significant effect on our servicing fee revenue.revenue will vary depending on the mix of products and services we provide to our clients. The full impact of changes in market valuations and the volume of activity in the funds may not be fully reflected in our servicing fee revenues in the periods in which the changes occur, particularly in periods of higher volatility.
State Street Corporation | 12

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Management Fee Revenue
Management fees generally are affected by changes inour level of AUM, which we report based on month-end valuations of AUM.valuations. Management fees for certain components of managed assets, such as ETFs, mutual funds and UCITS, are affected by daily average valuations of AUM. Management fee revenue is more sensitive to market valuations than servicing fee revenue, as a higher proportion of the underlying services provided, and the associated management fees earned, are dependent on equity and fixed-income security valuations. Additional factors, such as the relative mix of assets managed, may have a significant effect on our management fee revenue. While certain management fees are directly determined by the values of AUM and the investment strategies employed, management fees may reflect other factors, as well, including performance fee arrangements, as well as our relationship pricing for clients. In addition, in a prolonged low-interest rate environment, such as we are currently experiencing, we have waived and may in the future waive certain fees for our clients using multiple services.for money market products.
The impact of State Street Global Advisors gross money market fund fee waivers on total management fee revenue was approximately $25 million in the second quarter of 2021. As of June 30, 2021, and assuming short-term spot interest rates and the amount of money market fund assets remain constant, we estimate that the impact of gross money market fee waivers on our management fees would be in the range of approximately $20 million to $25 million in each subsequent quarter of 2021. We believe that a further decline in short-term interest rates, primarily one- and three-month interest rates, to zero would not materially impact this estimate. Alternatively, if short-term interest rates were to rise by approximately 10bps, the impact of gross money market fee waivers on our management fees would be largely mitigated in the subsequent quarterly periods.
Asset-based management fees for activelypassively managed products, to which our AUM is currently primarily weighted, are generally charged at a higher percentage oflower fee on AUM than for passiveactively managed products. Actively managed products may also include performance fee arrangements which are recorded when the performance periodfee is complete.
earned, based on predetermined benchmarks associated with the applicable account's performance.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In light of the above, we estimate, using relevant information as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and assuming that all other factors remain constant, including the impact of business won and lost and client flows, that:
•A 10% increase or decrease in worldwide equity valuations, on a weighted average basis, over the relevant periods for which our servicing and management fees are calculated, would result in a corresponding change in our total servicing and management fee revenues, on average and over multiple quarters, of approximately 3%5%; and
A 10% increase or decrease•We estimate, similarly assuming all other factors constant and using relevant information as of June 30, 2021, that changes in worldwide fixed income markets, which on a weighted average basis and over the relevant periods for whichtime are typically less volatile than worldwide equity markets, will have a smaller impact on our servicing and management fees are calculated, would result in a corresponding change in our total servicing and management fee revenues of approximately 1%.
See Table 3: Daily, Month-Endon average and Quarter-End Equity Indices and Table 4: Quarter-End Debt Indices, for selected indices. While the specific indices presented are indicative of general market trends, the asset types and classes relevant to individual client portfolios can and do differ, and the performance of associated relevant indices can therefore differ from the performance of the indices presented.over time.
Daily averages, month-end averages and quarter-end indices demonstrate worldwide changes in equity and debt markets that affect our servicing and management fee revenue. Quarter-end indices affect the values of AUCA and AUM as of those dates. See Table 3: Daily Averages, Month-End Averages and Quarter-End Equity Indices for selected indices.
Further discussion ofAdditional information about fee revenue is provided under Line"Line of Business InformationInformation" included in this Management's Discussion and Analysis in this Form 10-Q.Analysis.
TABLE 3: DAILY, MONTH-END AND QUARTER-END EQUITY INDICES(1)
 Daily Averages of Indices Averages of Month-End Indices Quarter-End Indices
 Quarters Ended September 30, Quarters Ended September 30, As of September 30,
 2017 2016 % Change 2017 2016 % Change 2017 2016 % Change
S&P 500®
2,467
 2,162
 14% 2,487
 2,171
 15% 2,519
 2,168
 16%
MSCI EAFE®
1,934
 1,678
 15
 1,947
 1,692
 15
 1,974
 1,702
 16
MSCI® Emerging Markets
1,068
 887
 20
 1,079
 890
 21
 1,082
 903
 20
HFRI Asset Weighted Composite®
NA
 NA
 NA
 1,358
 1,274
 7
 1,361
 1,277
 7
 Daily Averages of Indices Averages of Month-End Indices
 Nine Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 % Change 2017 2016 % Change
S&P 500®
2,397
 2,065
 16% 2,410
 2,078
 16%
MSCI EAFE®
1,846
 1,640
 13
 1,859
 1,650
 13
MSCI® Emerging Markets
996
 821
 21
 1,004
 830
 21
HFRI Asset Weighted Composite®
NA
 NA
 NA
 1,340
 1,255
 7
(1) The index names listed in the table are service marks of their respective owners.
NA Not applicable
TABLE 4: QUARTER-END DEBT INDICES(1)
 Quarter-End Indices
 As of September 30,
 2017 2016 % Change
Barclays Capital U.S. Aggregate Bond Index®
2,038
 2,037
 —%
Barclays Capital Global Aggregate Bond Index®
480
 486
 nm
(1) The index names listed in the table are service marks of their respective owners.


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Net Interest Income
See Table 2: Total Revenue, for the breakout of interest income and interest expense for the quartersthree and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016.2021, compared to the same periods in 2020.
NII is defined as interest income earned on interest-earning assets less interest expense incurred on interest-bearing liabilities. Interest-earning assets, which principally consist of investment securities, interest-bearing deposits with banks, repurchaseloans, resale agreements loans and leases and other liquid assets, are financed primarily by client deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term debt.
NIM represents the relationship between annualized fully taxable-equivalentFTE NII and average total interest-earning assets for the period. It is calculated by dividing fully taxable-equivalentFTE NII by average interest-earning assets. Revenue that is exempt from income taxes, mainly that earned from certain investment securities (state and political subdivisions), is adjusted to a fully taxable-equivalentFTE basis using athe U.S. federal and state statutory income tax rates.
NII on a FTE basis decreased in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same periods in 2020, primarily due to lower investment portfolio yields and a decline in average short-end market rates, partially offset by growth in deposits, the investment portfolio size, and loan balances.
Investment securities net premium amortization, which is included in interest income, was $157 million and $326 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $109 million and $217 million in the same periods in 2020, respectively. The increase is primarily driven by low interest rates and faster prepayments.
Interest income related to debt securities is recognized in our consolidated statement of income using the effective interest method, or on a basis approximating a level rate of 35%,return over the contractual or estimated life of the security. The rate of return considers any non-refundable fees or costs, as well as purchase premiums or discounts, resulting in amortization or accretion, accordingly. The amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts are adjusted for applicable state income taxes,prepayments when they occur, which primarily impact mortgage-backed securities.

The following table presents the investment securities amortizable purchase premium net of discount accretion for the related federal tax benefit.periods indicated:
TABLE 6: INVESTMENT SECURITIES NET PREMIUM AMORTIZATION
Three Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in millions)20212020
MBSNon -MBS
Total(1)
MBSNon- MBSTotal
Unamortized premiums, net of discounts at period end$895 $575 $1,470 $998 $668 $1,666 
Net premium amortization(2)
101 56 157 89 20 109 
(1) The investment securities portfolio duration is 3.1 years as of June 30, 2021.
(2) Net of discount accretion on MMLF HTM securities.










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TABLE 5: AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES - FULLY TAXABLE-EQUIVALENT BASIS
 Quarters Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
(Dollars in millions; fully taxable-equivalent basis)
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Revenue/
Expense
 Rate 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Revenue/
Expense
 Rate
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$45,513
 $45
 .40 % $57,580
 $29
 .20 %
Securities purchased under resale agreements(1)
2,167
 74
 13.53
 2,667
 40
 6.01
Trading account assets991
 —
 —
 994
 —
 —
Investment securities95,311
 474
 1.99
 100,449
 505
 2.01
Loans and leases22,843
 143
 2.49
 18,744
 97
 2.06
Other interest-earning assets23,091
 67
 1.18
 21,721
 18
 .30
Average total interest-earning assets$189,916
 $803
 1.68
 $202,155
 $689
 1.35
Interest-bearing deposits:           
U.S.$25,767
 $21
 .32 % $33,668
 $42
 .49 %
Non-U.S.(2)
96,189
 18
 .07
 95,617
 (22) (.09)
Securities sold under repurchase agreements(3)
3,974
 1
 .07
 3,976
 —
 —
Federal funds purchased—
 —
 —
 24
 —
 —
Other short-term borrowings1,277
 3
 .81
 1,566
 2
 .57
Long-term debt11,766
 78
 2.67
 11,885
 68
 2.27
Other interest-bearing liabilities4,063
 37
 3.70
 5,647
 20
 1.41
Average total interest-bearing liabilities$143,036
 $158
 .44
 $152,383
 $110
 .29
Interest-rate spread    1.24 %     1.06 %
Net interest income—fully taxable-equivalent basis  $645
     $579
  
Net interest margin—fully taxable-equivalent basis    1.35 %     1.14 %
Tax-equivalent adjustment  (42)     (42)  
Net interest income—GAAP basis  $603
     $537
  
            
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
(Dollars in millions; fully taxable-equivalent basis)
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Revenue/
Expense
 Rate 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Revenue/
Expense
 Rate
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$49,171
 $121
 .33 % $52,423
 $101
 .26 %
Securities purchased under resale agreements(1)

2,192
 189
 11.52
 2,610
 112
 5.73
Trading account assets949
 (1) (.14) 908
 1
 .09
Investment securities95,716
 1,410
 1.96
 101,243
 1,486
 1.96
Loans and leases21,360
 373
 2.33
 18,674
 281
 2.01
Other interest-earning assets22,952
 146
 .85
 22,316
 39
 .24
Average total interest-earning assets$192,340
 $2,238
 1.56
 $198,174
 $2,020
 1.36
Interest-bearing deposits:           
U.S.$25,821
 $77
 .40 % $30,388
 $99
 .44 %
Non-U.S.(2)
96,860
 19
 .03
 95,013
 (26) (.04)
Securities sold under repurchase agreements3,965
 2
 .05
 4,107
 1
 .03
Federal funds purchased1
 —
 —
 33
 —
 —
Other short-term borrowings1,313
 7
 .75
 1,727
 4
 .34
Long-term debt11,569
 227
 2.61
 11,306
 191
 2.24
Other interest-bearing liabilities4,881
 91
 2.50
 5,550
 57
 1.38
Average total interest-bearing liabilities$144,410
 $423
 .39
 $148,124
 $326
 .29
Interest-rate spread    1.17 %     1.07 %
Net interest income—fully taxable-equivalent basis  $1,815
     $1,694
  
Net interest margin—fully taxable-equivalent basis    1.26 %     1.14 %
Tax-equivalent adjustment  (127)     (124)  
Net interest income—GAAP basis  $1,688
     $1,570
  
(1) Reflects the impact of balance sheet netting under enforceable netting agreements of approximately $30 billion and $31 billion for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, and $30 billion and $32 billion for the third quarter and first nine months of 2016, respectively. Excluding the impact of netting, the average interest rates would be approximately 0.92% and 0.76% for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, and 0.49% and 0.44% for the third quarter and first nine months of 2016, respectively.
(2) Average rate includes the impact of FX swap expense of approximately $39 million and $84 million for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, and $3 million and $24 million for the same periods in 2016, respectively.
(3) Interest for the third quarter of 2016 was less than $1 million, representing an average interest rate of 0.02%.

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See Table 5:7: Average Balances and Interest Rates - Fully Taxable-Equivalent Basis, for the breakout of NII on a fully taxable-equivalentFTE basis for the quartersthree and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016. NII on a fully taxable-equivalent basis increased in the third quarter of 20172021, compared to the same periodperiods in 2016, as benefits due2020.
TABLE 7: AVERAGE BALANCES AND INTEREST RATES - FULLY TAXABLE-EQUIVALENT BASIS(1)
Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(Dollars in millions; fully taxable-equivalent basis)Average
Balance		Interest
Revenue/Expense		RateAverage
Balance		Interest
Revenue/Expense		Rate
Interest-bearing deposits with banks (2)
$99,438 $(4)(.02)%$86,744 $4 .01 %
Securities purchased under resale agreements(3)
3,958 3 .28 3,342 24 2.95 
Trading account assets729 — — 877 — — 
Investment securities:
Investment securities available for sale66,225 145 .88 57,462 189 1.31 
Investment securities held-to-maturity45,243 166 1.47 40,127 231 2.32 
Investment securities held-to-maturity purchased under money market liquidity facility13 — 1.28 19,037 70 1.49 
Total investment securities111,481 311 1.12 116,626 490 1.69 
Loans29,471 157 2.14 27,369 157 2.30 
Other interest-earning assets20,939 3 .07 9,831 4 .13 
Average total interest-earning assets$266,016 $470 .71 $244,789 $679 1.12 
Interest-bearing deposits:
U.S.$110,269 $1 — %$91,097 $7 .03 %
Non-U.S.(2)(4)
83,248 (66)(.32)66,977 (61)(.36)
Total interest-bearing deposits(4)(5)
193,517 (65)(.14)158,074 (54)(.13)
Securities sold under repurchase agreements477 — (.02)3,394 1 .03 
Short-term borrowings under money market liquidity facility13 — 1.25 19,036 58 1.23 
Other short-term borrowings893 1 .27 3,073 5 .66 
Long-term debt13,461 54 1.60 15,574 95 2.45 
Other interest-bearing liabilities5,682 10 .80 3,461 10 1.07 
Average total interest-bearing liabilities$214,043 $— — $202,612 $115 .23 
Interest rate spread.71 %.89 %
Net interest income, fully taxable-equivalent basis$470 $564 
Net interest margin, fully taxable-equivalent basis.71 %.93 %
Tax-equivalent adjustment(3)(5)
Net interest income, GAAP-basis$467 $559 
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(Dollars in millions; fully taxable-equivalent basis)Average
Balance		Interest
Revenue/Expense		RateAverage
Balance		Interest
Revenue/Expense		Rate
Interest-bearing deposits with banks(2)
$97,348 $(13)(.03)%$76,931 $85 .22 %
Securities purchased under resale agreements(3)
4,261 13 .60 2,574 89 6.96 
Trading account assets764 — — 896 — — 
Investment securities:
Investment securities available for sale62,728 285 .91 55,852 404 1.45 
Investment securities held-to-maturity46,294 349 1.51 40,700 503 2.47 
Investment securities held-to-maturity purchased under money market liquidity facility634 4 1.35 10,541 78 1.49 
Total investment securities109,656 638 1.17 107,093 985 1.84 
Loans28,752 299 2.10 27,919 342 2.46 
Other interest-earning assets19,625 8 .09 10,298 50 0.95 
Average total interest-earning assets$260,406 $945 .73 $225,711 $1,551 1.38 
Interest-bearing deposits:
U.S.$105,647 $4 .01 %$85,672 $107 .25 %
Non-U.S.(2)(4)
80,854 (138)(.34)65,658 (93)(.28)
Total interest-bearing deposits(4)(5)
186,501 (134)(.15)151,330 14 .02 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements745 — .02 2,584 3 .21 
Short-term borrowings under money market liquidity facility635 4 1.21 10,612 64 1.22 
Other short-term borrowings829 1 .21 3,017 15 0.98 
Long-term debt13,639 114 1.67 14,431 183 2.53 
Other interest-bearing liabilities5,268 19 .77 3,446 40 2.31 
Average total interest-bearing liabilities$207,617 $4 — $185,420 $319 .34 
Interest rate spread.73 %1.04 %
Net interest income, fully taxable-equivalent basis$941 $1,232 
Net interest margin, fully taxable-equivalent basis.73 %1.10 %
Tax-equivalent adjustment(7)(9)
Net interest income, GAAP basis$934 $1,223 
(1) Rates earned/paid on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities include the impact of hedge activities associated with our asset and liability management activities where applicable.
(2) Negative values reflect the interest rate environment outside of the U.S. where central bank rates are below zero for several major currencies.
(3) Reflects the impact of balance sheet netting under enforceable netting agreements of approximately $61.59 billion and $74.41 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to higher U.S. market$103.15 billion and $113.56 billion in the same periods in 2020, respectively. Excluding the impact of netting, the average interest rates loan portfolio growthwould be approximately 0.02% and disciplined liability pricing were partially offset by lower average interest earning assets and a smaller amount of discount accretion related to the asset-backed commercial paper conduits. Average balances0.03% in the third quarter of 2017 reflect management actionsthree and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to reduce the usage of wholesale deposit funding on our balance sheet. Average deposits were approximately $12.06 billion lower0.09% and 0.15% in the third quartersame periods in 2020, respectively.
(4) Average rate includes the impact of 2017FX swap costs of approximately ($16) million and ($37) million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the third quarter of 2016, primarily due to a $14.91 billion reduction in wholesale deposit funding and were partially offset by an increase in less expensive client deposits.
We recorded aggregate discount accretion in interest income of $4($17) million and $15($19) million for the third quartersame periods in 2020, respectively. Average rates for total interest-bearing deposits excluding the impact of FX swap costs were (0.10)% in both the three and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, compared to (0.09)% and 0.04% in the same periods in 2020, respectively.
(5) Total deposits averaged $242.31 billion and $234.32 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, relatedcompared to $197.07 billion and $188.61 billion in the assets we consolidated onto our balance sheetsame periods in 2009 from our asset-backed commercial paper conduits. Assuming that we hold the former conduit securities remaining in our investment portfolio until they mature or are sold, we expect to generate aggregate discount accretion in future periods of approximately $126 million over their remaining terms.2020, respectively.
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Changes in the components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are discussed in more detail below. Additional information about the components of interest income and interest expense is provided in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements included inwithin this Form 10-Q.
Average total interest-earning assets were $5.83$266.02 billion lowerand $260.41 billion in the ninethree and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, respectively, compared to $244.79 billion and $225.71 billion in the same periodperiods in 2016,2020, respectively. The increase is primarily due to higher interest-bearing deposits with banks, investment securities and other interest- earning assets, partially offset by a smallerdecrease in investment portfolio.securities purchased under the MMLF facility.
Interest-bearing deposits with banks averaged $45.51$99.44 billion and $49.17$97.35 billion forin the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $57.58$86.74 billion and $52.42$76.93 billion forin the same periods in 2016.2020, respectively. These deposits primarily reflect our maintenance of cash balances at the Federal Reserve, the ECBEuropean Central Bank (ECB) and other non-U.S. central banks. The higher levels of average cash balances with central banks reflect higher levels of client deposits.
Investment securitiesSecurities purchased under resale agreements averaged $95.31$3.96 billion and $95.72$4.26 billion forin the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $100.45$3.34 billion and $101.24$2.57 billion forin the same periods in 2016.2020, respectively. The impact of balance sheet netting decreased to $61.59 billion and $74.41 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $103.15 billion and $113.56 billion in the same periods in 2020, respectively. We maintain an agreement with Fixed Income Clearing Corporation (FICC), a clearing organization that enables us to net securities sold under repurchase agreements against those purchased under resale agreements with counterparties that are also members of the clearing organization, when specific netting criteria are met. The decrease in average investment securities resulted from a reduction of our U.S. Treasury
securitiesbalance sheet netting in the three and our continued investment into loans and lease products.
Loans and leases averaged $22.84 billion and $21.36 billion for the third quarter and first ninesix months of 2017, respectively,ended June 30, 2021, compared to $18.74 billion and $18.67 billion for the same periods in 2016. The increase in average loans and leases resulted from growth in loans to municipalities, mutual fund lending, and continued investment in senior secured loans.
TABLE 6: U.S. AND NON-U.S. SHORT-DURATION ADVANCES
 Quarters Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016
Average U.S. short-duration advances$2,233
 $2,114
Average non-U.S. short-duration advances1,566
 1,299
Average total short-duration advances$3,799
 $3,413
Average short-duration advances to average loans and leases17% 18%
    
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016
Average U.S. short-duration advances$2,193
 $2,163
Average non-U.S. short-duration advances1,414
 1,345
Average total short-duration advances$3,607
 $3,508
Average short-duration advances to average loans and leases17% 19%
Average loans and leases also includes short-duration advances. The decline in the proportion of average short-duration advances to average loans and leases2020, is primarily due to growthlower FICC repo volumes from an increased cash supply and lower short-term interest rates driven by the COVID-19 pandemic stimulus measures and Federal Reserve intervention.
We have been a sponsoring member within FICC since 2005 and continue to expand our client base as program eligibility parameters broaden. We enter into repurchase and resale transactions in eligible securities with sponsored clients and with other FICC members and, pursuant to FICC Government Securities Division rules, submit, novate
and net the transactions. We may sponsor clients to clear their eligible repurchase transactions with FICC, backed by our guarantee to FICC of the prompt and full payment and performance of our sponsored member clients’ respective obligations. We generally obtain a security interest from our sponsored clients in the other segments of the loan and lease portfolio. Short-duration advances provide liquidityhigh quality securities collateral that they receive, which is designed to clients in support of their investment activities.mitigate our potential exposure to FICC.
Average other interest-earning assets increased to $23.09investment securities were $111.48 billion and $22.95$109.66 billion, forincluding $13 million and $634 million MMLF securities, in the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, from $21.72compared to $116.63 billion and $22.32$107.09 billion, forincluding $19.04 billion and $10.54 billion MMLF securities, in the same periods in 2016. Our average2020, respectively. Average investment securities, excluding MMLF HTM securities, increased to $111.47 billion and $109.02 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $97.59 billion and $96.55 billion in the same periods in 2020, respectively, primarily driven by MBS balances, U.S. Treasuries and foreign government bonds. The growth reflects our deployment of higher structural deposit levels that resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic.
Loans averaged $29.47 billion and $28.75 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $27.37 billion and $27.92 billion in the same periods in 2020, respectively. Average core loans, which exclude overdrafts and highlight our efforts to grow our lending portfolio, averaged $25.49 billion and $24.65 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $22.55 billion and $22.36 billion in the same periods in 2020, respectively.
Average other interest-earning assets, largely associated with our enhanced custody business, comprised approximately 12%increased to $20.94 billion and $19.63 billion in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, from $9.83 billion and $10.30 billion in the same periods in 2020, respectively, primarily driven by an increase in the level of our average total interest-earning assets for both the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared to approximately 11% for both the third quarter and first nine months of 2016. The enhancedcash collateral posted. Enhanced custody business is our securities financing business where we act as principal with respect to our custody clients and generate securities finance revenue. The NII earned on these transactions is generally lower than the interest earned on other alternative investments.
Aggregate average U.S. and non-U.S.total interest-bearing deposits decreasedincreased to $121.96$193.52 billion and $122.68$186.50 billion forin the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, from $129.29$158.07 billion and $125.40$151.33 billion forin the same periods in 2016. The lower levels in the first nine months of 2017 compared to the prior year period were2020, respectively. Average U.S. interest-bearing deposits increased as a result of higher U.S. and non-U.S. interest bearing client deposit levels during the year, offset bymarket uncertainty due to the

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

management's actionsCOVID-19 pandemic, U.S. monetary policy and the level of global interest rates. We expect deposits to reduce more expensive wholesale deposit funding.remain elevated within the current environment of low interest rates and continued expansion of the money supply by the Federal Reserve, but modestly reduced from second quarter of 2021 levels. Future deposit levels will be influenced by the underlying asset servicing business, client depositbehavior as well asand market conditions, including the general levels of U.S. and non-U.S. interest rates.
Average other short-term borrowings declineddecreased to $1.28$0.89 billion and $1.31$0.83 billion forin the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, from $1.57$3.07 billion and $1.73$3.02 billion forin the same periods in 2016, as bonds matured in the tax-exempt investment program.2020, respectively.
Average long-term debt was $11.77$13.46 billion and $11.57$13.64 billion forin the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $11.89$15.57 billion and $11.31$14.43 billion forin the same periods in 2016.2020, respectively. These amounts reflect issuances, redemptions and maturities of senior debt during the respective periods.
Average other interest-bearing liabilities were $4.06$5.68 billion and $4.88$5.27 billion forin the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $5.65$3.46 billion and $5.55$3.45 billion forin the same periods in 2016.2020, respectively. Other interest-bearing liabilities primarily reflect our level of cash collateral received from clients in connection with our enhanced custody business, which is presented on a net basis where we have enforceable netting agreements.
Several factors could affect future levels of NII and NIM, including the volume and mix of client liabilities; actions of variousdeposits and funding sources; central banks;bank actions; balance sheet management activities; changes in the level and slope of U.S. and non-U.S. interest rates and the slope of various yield curves around the world;rates; revised or proposed regulatory capital or liquidity standards, or interpretations of those standards; the amount of discount accretion generated by the former conduit securities that remain in our investment securities portfolio; the yields earned on securities purchased compared to the yields earned on securities sold or matured; and changes in the type and amount of credit or other loans we extend; and changes in our enhanced custody business.extend.
Based on market conditions and other factors, including regulatory standards, we continue to reinvest the majority of the proceeds from pay-downs and maturities of investment securities in highly-rated U.S. and non-U.S. securities, such as federal agency MBS, sovereign debt securities and U.S. Treasury and agency securities, municipal securities, federal agency MBS and U.S. and non-U.S. mortgage- and ABS.securities. The pace at which we continue to reinvest and the types of investment securities purchased will depend on the impact of market conditions, the implementation of regulatory standards, including interpretation of those standards and other factors over time. We expect these factors and the levels of global interest rates to influence what effectimpact our reinvestment program will have onand future levels of our NII and NIM.
Other Income
In the second quarter of 2021, we sold a majority share of our WMS business, which resulted in a gain on sale of $53 million that was recorded in other income.
Provision for Credit Losses
There was a $15 million reserve release for the provision for credit losses in the second quarter of 2021, which reflects a positive shift in management's economic outlook. This compares to a $52 million provision for credit losses in the second quarter of 2020.
Additional information is provided under “Loans” in "Financial Condition" in this Management's Discussion and Analysis and in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
Expenses
Table 7:8: Expenses, provides the breakout of expenses for the quartersthree and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016.
TABLE 7: EXPENSES     
 Quarters Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016 % Change
Compensation and employee benefits$1,090
 $1,013
 8 %
Information systems and communications296
 285
 4
Transaction processing services215
 200
 8
Occupancy118
 107
 10
Acquisition costs—
 33
 (100)
Restructuring charges, net33
 9
 267
Other:     
Professional services71
 95
 (25)
Amortization of other intangible assets54
 55
 (2)
Securities processing costs4
 10
 (60)
Regulatory fees and assessments24
 28
 (14)
Other116
 149
 (22)
Total other269
 337
 (20)
Total expenses$2,021
 $1,984
 2
Number of employees at quarter-end36,303
 33,332
 9
      
 Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016% Change
Compensation and employee benefits$3,327
 $3,109
 7 %
Information systems and communications866
 827
 5
Transaction processing services619
 601
 3
Occupancy344
 331
 4
Acquisition costs21
 47
 (55)
Restructuring charges, net112
 119
 (6)
Other:     
Professional services262
 270
 (3)
Amortization of other intangible assets160
 153
 5
Securities processing costs20
 20
 —
Regulatory fees and assessments77
 65
 18
Other330
 352
 (6)
Total other849
 860
 (1)
Total expenses$6,138
 $5,894
 4
Compensation and employee benefits expenses increased 8% in the third quarter of 20172021 compared to the same period of 2016, primarily due to increased costs to support new business, annual merit and performance based incentive compensation increases and the impact of the weaker U.S. dollar, partially offset by Beacon savings.periods in 2020.
Compensation and employee benefits expenses increased 7% in the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016, primarily due to higher annual merit and performance based incentive compensation increases, including higher seasonal deferred incentive compensation expense for retirement-eligible employees and payroll taxes in the first quarter of 2017 compared to the first quarter of 2016, increased costs to support new business and costs related to the acquired GEAM operations.
TABLE 8: EXPENSES
Three Months Ended June 30,% Change
(Dollars in millions)20212020
Compensation and employee benefits$1,077 $1,051 2 %
Information systems and communications398 376 6 
Transaction processing services263 233 13 
Occupancy100 109 (8)
Amortization of other intangible assets63 58 9 
Acquisition costs11 12 (8)
Other:
Professional services75 91 (18)
Other124 152 (18)
Total other199 243 (18)
Total expenses$2,111 $2,082 1 
Number of employees at quarter-end39,146 39,068 — 
Six Months Ended June 30,% Change
(Dollars in millions)20212020
Compensation and employee benefits$2,319 $2,259 3 %
Information systems and communications819 761 8 
Transaction processing services533 487 9 
Occupancy209 218 (4)
Amortization of other intangible assets121 116 4 
Acquisition costs22 23 (4)
Restructuring charges, net(1)— nm
Other:
Professional services155 172 (10)
Other266 301 (12)
Total other421 473 (11)
Total expenses$4,443 $4,337 2 


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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

These increases were partially offset by Beacon savings.
HeadcountCompensation and employee benefits expenses increased 9%2% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172021, compared to the same period of 2016. New business, includingin 2020, primarily due to the impact of large client lift outs, as well as regulatory initiativescurrency translation. Compensation and contractor conversionsemployee benefits expenses increased 3% in the six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to full-time employees contributedthe same period in 2020, primarily due to this growth. The growth in headcount was primarily within low cost locations. These increases werecurrency translation and higher seasonal expenses, partially offset by other reductions from Beacon initiatives.lower headcount in high cost locations and incentive compensation. Currency translation increased compensation and employee benefits expenses by 2% and 3% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2020.
Total headcount was flat as of June 30, 2021 compared to June 30, 2020, primarily driven by hiring in global hubs, offset by a reduction in high cost locations.
Information systems and communications expenses increased 4%6% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172021, compared to the same period of 2016in 2020, primarily due to higher technology and 5%infrastructure investments, partially offset by transformation initiatives. Information systems and communications expenses increased 8% in the first ninesix months of 2017ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same period of 2016. The increases werein 2020, primarily related to higher software costs, technology infrastructure costs, new businessinvestments and Beacon investments.notable items, partially offset by transformation initiatives. Currency translation increased information systems and communications expenses by 1% in both the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, relative to the same periods in 2020.
OtherTransaction processing services expenses decreased 20%increased 13% and 9% in the third quarter of 2017three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same period of 2016,periods in 2020, primarily due to higher sub-custody and market data costs. Currency translation increased transaction processing services expenses by 3% and 2% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, relative to the same periods in 2020.
Occupancy expenses decreased 8% and 4% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2020, primarily due to footprint optimization. Currency translation increased occupancy expenses by 5% and 3% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, relative to the same periods in 2020.
Amortization of other intangible assets increased 9% and 4% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2020, primarily due to the lift-out in the first quarter of 2021 of the depository bank and fund administrator activities of Fideuram Bank Luxembourg, a subsidiary of Intesa Sanpaolo.
Other expenses decreased 18% and 11% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2020, primarily driven by lower professional services fees.and securities processing losses.
As a systemically important financial institution, we are subject to enhanced supervisionAcquisition Costs
We recorded approximately $11 million and prudential standards. Our status as a G-SIB has also resulted in heightened prudential and conduct expectations of our U.S. and international regulators with respect to our capital and liquidity management and our compliance and risk oversight programs. These heightened expectations have increased our regulatory compliance costs, including personnel and systems, as well as significant additional implementation and related costs to enhance our regulatory compliance programs. We anticipate that these evolving regulatory compliance requirements and expectations will continue to affect our expenses.
Restructuring Charges
In connection with Beacon, we expect to incur aggregate pre-tax restructuring charges of approximately $300 million to $400 million beginning in 2016 through December 31, 2020. We estimate those charges will include approximately $250 million to $300$22 million in severancethe three and benefits costs associated with targeted staff reductions (a substantial portion of which will result in future cash expenditures) and approximately $50 millionsix months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $100 million in information technology application rationalization and real estate actions. We expect to achieve estimated annual pre-tax net run-rate expense savings of $550 million by the end of 2020, relative to 2015, all else equal, for full effect in 2021. Actual expenses may increase or decrease in the future due to other factors.
In the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, we recorded restructuring charges of $33$12 million and $112 million, respectively, compared to
$10 million and $120$23 million in the same periods of 2016,in 2020, respectively, related to Beacon.
Inour acquisition of CRD. As we integrate CRD into our business, we expect to incur up to approximately $225 million in total of acquisition costs for the thirdperiod beginning the last quarter of 2017,2018 through 2021, after which we recognized approximately $35will no longer distinguish certain CRD costs as acquisition costs. As of June 30, 2021, we have incurred a total of $186 million in year-over-year expense savingsof acquisition costs related to Beacon. In the first nine months of 2017, we achieved approximately $100 million in expense savings relative to our 2017 target of $140 million.CRD.
Restructuring and Repositioning Charges
The following table presents aggregate restructuring activity for repositioning charges for the periods indicated.
indicated:
TABLE 9: RESTRUCTURING AND REPOSITIONING CHARGESTABLE 9: RESTRUCTURING AND REPOSITIONING CHARGES
(In millions)(In millions)Employee
Related Costs		Real Estate
Actions		Asset and Other Write-offsTotal
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2019Accrual Balance at December 31, 2019$190 $7 $1 $198 
Payments and Other AdjustmentsPayments and Other Adjustments(33)(1)— (34)
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2020Accrual Balance at March 31, 2020157 6 1 164 
TABLE 8: RESTRUCTURING CHARGES
(In millions)Employee
Related Costs		 Real Estate
Actions		 Asset and Other Write-offs Total
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2015$9
 $11
 $3
 $23
Payments and Other AdjustmentsPayments and Other Adjustments(25)(1)— (26)
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2020Accrual Balance at June 30, 2020$132 $5 $1 $138 
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2020Accrual Balance at December 31, 2020$190 $6 $— $196 
Accruals for Beacon86
 —
 11
 97
Accruals for Beacon(1)— — (1)
Accruals for Repositioning ChargesAccruals for Repositioning Charges— 2 — 2 
Payments and Other Adjustments(4) (1) (7) (12)Payments and Other Adjustments(9)(2)— (11)
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2016$91
 $10
 $7
 $108
Accruals for Beacon(1) 15
 (1) 13
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2021Accrual Balance at March 31, 2021$180 $6 $— $186 
Payments and Other Adjustments(35) (3) (1) (39)Payments and Other Adjustments(34)— — (34)
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2016$55
 $22
 $5
 $82
Accruals for Beacon8
 3
 (1) 10
Payments and Other Adjustments(14) (3) (1) (18)
Accrual Balance at September 30, 2016$49
 $22
 $3
 $74
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2016$37
 $17
 $2
 $56
Accruals for Beacon14
 —
 2
 16
Payments and Other Adjustments(13) (3) (2) (18)
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2017$38
 $14
 $2
 $54
Accruals for Beacon60
 —
 2
 62
Payments and Other Adjustments(11) (3) (2) (16)
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2017$87
 $11
 $2
 $100
Accruals for Beacon23
 9
 1
 33
Payments and Other Adjustments(10) (5) (1) (16)
Accrual Balance at September 30, 2017$100
 $15
 $2
 $117
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2021Accrual Balance at June 30, 2021$146 $6 $— $152 
Income Tax Expense
Income tax expense was $137$175 million and $283 million in the third quarter of 2017three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $72$109 million and $249 million in the third quarter of 2016. In the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, income tax expense was $375 million and $226 million,same periods in 2020, respectively. Our effective tax rate forwas 18.6% and 18.1% in the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017 was 16.7% and 17.2%,ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to 11.4%13.6% and 12.8% for15.8% in the same periods in 2016.2020, respectively. The effectiveincrease was primarily due to higher foreign tax rate forcredits in the thirdsecond quarter of 2020 and first nine months of 2017 reflect a decrease in alternative energy investments, partially offset bylower benefits from share-based compensation and the effects of the disposition of BFDS.tax credit investments in 2021.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

LINE OF BUSINESS INFORMATION
Our operations are organized into two lines of business: Investment Servicing and Investment Management, which are defined based on products and services provided. The results of operations for these lines of business are not necessarily comparable with those of other companies, including companies in the financial services industry.
Investment Servicing,throughState Street Institutional Services, State Street Global Markets, State Street Global Exchange and CRD, provides services for institutional clients, including mutual funds, collective investment funds and other investment pools, corporate and public retirement plans, insurance companies, investment managers, foundations and endowments worldwide. Products includeinclude: custody; product- and participant-levelproduct accounting; daily pricing and administration; master trust and master custody; depotbank services (a fund oversight role created by non-U.S. regulation); record-keeping; cash management; foreign exchange, brokerage and other trading services; securities finance; ourfinance and enhanced custody product, which integrates principal securities lending and custody;products; deposit and short-term investment facilities; loans and lease financing; investment manager and alternative investment manager operations
outsourcing; and performance, risk and compliance analyticsanalytics; and financial data management to support institutional investors.
Included within our Investment Servicing line of business is CRD, which we acquired in October 2018. The Charles River Investment Management solution is a technology offering which is designed to automate and simplify the institutional investment process across asset classes, from portfolio management and risk analytics through SSGA,trading and post-trade settlement, with integrated compliance and managed data throughout. With the acquisition of CRD, we took the first step in building our front-to-back platform, State Street Alpha. Today our State Street Alpha platform combines portfolio management, trading and execution, advanced data aggregation, analytics and compliance tools, and integration with other industry platforms and providers.
Investment Management, through State Street Global Advisors, provides a broad arrayrange of investment management investment researchstrategies and products for our clients. Our investment advisory services to corporations, public funds and other sophisticated investors. SSGA offers passive and active asset management strategies acrossand products span the risk/reward spectrum for equity, fixed-income, alternative, multi-asset solutions (including OCIO)fixed income and cash asset classes. Productsassets, including core and enhanced indexing, multi-asset strategies, active quantitative and fundamental active capabilities and alternative investment strategies. Our AUM is currently primarily weighted to indexed strategies. In
addition, we provide a breadth of services and solutions, including environmental, social and governance investing, defined benefit and defined contribution and Global Fiduciary Solutions (formerly Outsourced Chief Investment Officer). State Street Global Advisors is also a provider of ETFs, including the SPDR® ETF brand. While management fees are distributed directlyprimarily determined by the values of AUM and through intermediaries using a variety ofthe investment vehicles,strategies employed, management fees reflect other factors as well, including ETFs, such as the SPDR® ETF brand.benchmarks specified in the respective management agreements related to performance fees.
For information about our two lines of business, as well as the revenues, expenses and capital allocation methodologies associated with them, refer to pages 188 to 189 provided in Note 24 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2016 Form 10-K and Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
Investment Servicing
TABLE 9: INVESTMENT SERVICING LINE OF BUSINESS RESULTS      
Quarters Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016 % Change 2017 2016 % Change
TABLE 10: INVESTMENT SERVICING LINE OF BUSINESS RESULTSTABLE 10: INVESTMENT SERVICING LINE OF BUSINESS RESULTS
(Dollars in millions, except where otherwise noted)(Dollars in millions, except where otherwise noted)Three Months Ended June 30,% Change
20212020
Servicing fees$1,351
 $1,303
 4 % $3,986
 $3,784
 5%Servicing fees$1,399 $1,272 10 %
Trading services239
 248
 (4) 768
 760
 1
Foreign exchange trading servicesForeign exchange trading services270 312 (13)
Securities finance147
 136
 8
 459
 426
 8
Securities finance106 88 20 
Processing fees and other65
 12
 442
 203
 164
 24
Software and processing feesSoftware and processing fees209 229 (9)
Total fee revenue1,802
 1,699
 6
 5,416
 5,134
 5
Total fee revenue1,984 1,901 4 
Net interest income606
 536
 13
 1,691
 1,567
 8
Net interest income468 571 (18)
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net1
 4
 nm
 (39) 5
 nm
Total other incomeTotal other income— — — 
Total revenue2,409
 2,239
 8
 7,068
 6,706
 5
Total revenue2,452 2,472 (1)
Provision for loan losses3
 —
 nm
 4
 8
 nm
Provision for credit lossesProvision for credit losses(15)52 (129)
Total expenses1,673
 1,634
 2
 5,050
 4,920
 3
Total expenses1,755 1,717 2 
Income before income tax expense$733
 $605
 21
 $2,014
 $1,778
 13
Income before income tax expense$712 $703 1 
Pre-tax margin30% 27%   28% 27%  Pre-tax margin29 %28 %
(Dollars in millions, except where otherwise noted)(Dollars in millions, except where otherwise noted)Six Months Ended June 30,% Change
20212020
Servicing feesServicing fees$2,770 $2,559 8 %
Foreign exchange trading servicesForeign exchange trading services603 746 (19)
Securities financeSecurities finance201 177 14 
Software and processing feesSoftware and processing fees381 366 4 
Total fee revenueTotal fee revenue3,955 3,848 3 
Net interest incomeNet interest income941 1,234 (24)
Total other incomeTotal other income— 2 (100)
Total revenueTotal revenue4,896 5,084 (4)
Provision for credit lossesProvision for credit losses(24)88 (127)
Total expensesTotal expenses3,634 3,576 2 
Income before income tax expenseIncome before income tax expense$1,286 $1,420 (9)
Pre-tax marginPre-tax margin26 %28 %
nm Not meaningful
Servicing Fees
Servicing fees increased 4% in the third quarter of 2017 compared to the same period in 2016, primarily due to higher global equity markets, net new business and the weaker U.S. dollar, partially offset by continued outflows and liquidations from hedge funds that we service.
Servicing fees increased 5% in the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period in 2016, primarily due to higher global equity markets and net new business, partially offset by continued outflows and liquidations from hedge funds that we service. The first nine months of 2016 included a revenue reduction of $48 million related to
reimbursements to our clients related to the manner in which we invoiced certain expenses to our clients, as further described below.
Servicing fees generated outside the U.S. were approximately 47% and 45% of total servicing fees in both the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 compared to approximately 43% and 42% for the same periods in 2016, respectively.
In December 2015, we announced a review of the manner in which we invoiced certain expenses to certain of our Investment Servicing clients, primarily in the United States, during a period going back to 1998. We have substantially completed the reimbursement to our clients of an amount equal to

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Servicing Fees
Servicing fees, as presented in Table 10: Investment Servicing Line of Business Results, increased 10% and 8% in the expenses we concluded were incorrectly invoiced to them, plus interest. Additional information about the invoicing matter is provided in Note 10three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the consolidated financial statements includedsame periods in this Form 10-Q.2020, respectively, primarily due to higher average equity market levels, client flows, and net new business, partially offset by normal pricing headwinds and lower client activity in the second quarter of 2021. Currency translation increased servicing fees by 3% in both the three and six months ended June 30, 2021. Currency translation decreased servicing fees by 1% in both the same periods in 2020.
Servicing fees generated outside the U.S. were approximately 49% and 48% of total servicing fees in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to approximately 47% and 46% in the same periods in 2020, respectively.
TABLE 10: ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND ADMINISTRATION BY PRODUCT
TABLE 11: ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND/OR ADMINISTRATION BY PRODUCT(1)
TABLE 11: ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND/OR ADMINISTRATION BY PRODUCT(1)
(In billions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016(In billions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2020
Collective fundsCollective funds$15,048 $13,387 $11,230 
Mutual funds$7,394
 $6,841
 $6,906
Mutual funds10,873 9,810 8,265 
Collective funds9,190
 7,501
 7,541
Insurance and other productsInsurance and other products8,385 8,000 7,331 
Pension products6,571
 5,584
 5,671
Pension products8,291 7,594 6,689 
Insurance and other products8,955
 8,845
 9,060
Total$32,110
 $28,771
 $29,178
Total$42,597 $38,791 $33,515 
TABLE 12: ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND/OR ADMINISTRATION BY ASSET CLASS
(In billions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2020
Equities$24,792 $21,626 $18,190 
Fixed-income13,079 12,834 11,342 
Short-term and other investments4,726 4,331 3,983 
Total$42,597 $38,791 $33,515 
TABLE 11: ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND ADMINISTRATION BY ASSET CLASS
(In billions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016
Equities$18,423
 $16,189
 $16,400
Fixed-income9,883
 9,231
 9,500
Short-term and other investments3,804
 3,351
 3,278
Total$32,110
 $28,771
 $29,178
TABLE 12: GEOGRAPHIC MIX OF ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND ADMINISTRATION(1)
TABLE 13: ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND/OR ADMINISTRATION BY GEOGRAPHY(2)
TABLE 13: ASSETS UNDER CUSTODY AND/OR ADMINISTRATION BY GEOGRAPHY(2)
(In billions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016(In billions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2020
North America$23,675
 $21,544
 $21,561
AmericasAmericas$31,280 $28,245 $24,375 
Europe/Middle East/Africa6,806
 5,734
 6,107
Europe/Middle East/Africa8,716 8,101 7,155 
Asia/Pacific1,629
 1,493
 1,510
Asia/Pacific2,601 2,445 1,985 
Total$32,110
 $28,771
 $29,178
Total$42,597 $38,791 $33,515 
(1) Certain previously reported amounts presented have been reclassified to conform to current-period presentation.
(1) (2) Geographic mix is generally based on the locationdomicile of the entity servicing the funds and is not necessarily representative of the underlying asset mix.
Asset servicing mandates newly announced in which the second quarter of 2021 totaled approximately $1,187 billion. Servicing assets are serviced.
The increaseremaining to be installed in total AUCAfuture periods totaled approximately $1,236 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016 primarily resulted from higher global equity markets. Asset levels as of September 30, 2017 do not reflect the approximately $390 billion of new business in assets to be serviced,2021, which was awarded to us in the first nine months of 2017 and prior periods but not installed prior to September 30, 2017, including approximately $105 billion of new asset servicing mandates awarded to us in the third quarter of 2017. This new business will be reflected in AUCAAUC/A in future periods after installation and will generate servicing fee revenue in subsequent periods. The $390 billionfull revenue impact of new businesssuch mandates will be realized over several quarters as the assets are installed and additional services are added over that period. With respect to the current asset mandates that are yet to be serviced does not includeinstalled as of June 30, 2021, we expect the conversion will occur over the coming 12 to 24 months, with the associated revenue benefits beginning in 2022, and expected to be largely realized in 2023.
New asset servicing mandates may be subject to completion of definitive agreements, approval of applicable boards and shareholders and customary regulatory approvals. New asset servicing mandates and servicing assets remaining to be installed in future periods exclude certain new business which has been contracted, but for which the client has not yet provided permission to publicly disclose and is not yet installed. Also not included is the loss of businessexpected installation date extends beyond one quarter. These excluded assets, which occurs from time to time may be significant, will be included in new asset servicing mandates and reflected in servicing assets remaining to be installed in the period in which the client provides its permission. Servicing mandates and servicing assets remaining to be installed in future periods are presented on a gross basis and therefore also do not include the impact of clients who have notified us during the period of their intent to terminate or changes in AUCA, usuallyreduce their relationship with us, which may from changes in market values of customer assets, subscriptions or redemptions from our customer investment products.time to time be significant.
With respect to these new assets,servicing mandates, once installed we willmay provide various services, including accounting, bank loan servicing, compliance reporting and monitoring, custody, depository banking services, foreign exchange,FX, fund administration, hedge fund servicing, middle-officemiddle office outsourcing, performance and analytics, private equity administration, real estate administration, securities finance, transfer agency and wealth management services. Revenues associated with new servicing mandates may vary based on the breadth of services provided and the timing of installation, and the types of assets.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As a result of a decision to diversify providers, one of our large asset servicing clients willhas advised us it expects to move a significant portion of its ETF assets largely common trust funds, currently with State Street to another service provider.one or more other providers, pending necessary approvals. We expect to remaincontinue as a significant service provider for this client after this transition and for the client to this client.continue to be meaningful to our business. The transition is expected to begin in 2022 but will principally occur in 20182023. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the fee revenue associated with the transitioning assets represented approximately 1.5% of our total fee revenue. The total revenue and represents approximately $1 trillionincome impact of this transition will depend upon a range of factors, including potential growth in assetsour continuing business with respectthe client and expense reductions associated with the transition.
For additional information about the impact of worldwide equity and fixed-income valuations on our fee revenue, as well as other key drivers of our servicing fee revenue, refer to which we will no longer derive revenue post-transition."Fee Revenue" in "Consolidated Results of Operations" included in this Management's Discussion and Analysis.
Foreign Exchange Trading Services
TABLE 13: TRADING SERVICES REVENUE
 Quarters Ended September 30,  
(Dollar in millions)2017 2016 % Change
Foreign exchange trading:     
Direct sales and trading$84
 $94
 (11)%
Indirect foreign exchange trading66
 65
 2
Total foreign exchange trading150
 159
 (6)
Brokerage and other trading services:     
Electronic foreign exchange services39
 41
 (5)
Other trading, transition management and brokerage50
 48
 4
Total brokerage and other trading services89
 89
 —
Total trading services revenue$239
 $248
 (4)
      
 Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016 % Change
Foreign exchange trading:     
Direct sales and trading$282
 $271
 4 %
Indirect foreign exchange trading210
 201
 4
Total foreign exchange trading492
 472
 4
Brokerage and other trading services:     
Electronic foreign exchange services119
 128
 (7)
Other trading, transition management and brokerage157
 160
 (2)
Total brokerage and other trading services276
 288
 (4)
Total trading services revenue$768
 $760
 1
TradingForeign exchange trading services revenue, as presented in Table 10: Investment Servicing Line of Business Results, decreased 13% and 19% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2020, primarily due to lower FX volatility, as compared to the high levels of volatility experienced in the first half of 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by higher client FX volumes. Foreign exchange trading services is composed of revenue generated by FX trading as well asand revenue generated by brokerage and other trading services, as notedwhich made up 66% and 34%, respectively, of foreign exchange trading services revenue in Table 13: Trading Services Revenue.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Foreign Exchange Trading Revenue2021 and 2020.
We primarily earn FX trading revenue by acting as a principal market-maker. We offer a range of FX products, services and execution models. Most of our FX products and execution services can be grouped into two broad categories, which are further explained below: “directmarket-maker through both "direct sales and trading” and “indirect foreign exchangeFX trading.” Total
•Direct sales and trading: Represent FX transactions at negotiated rates with clients and investment managers that contact our trading revenue decreased 6% and increased 4% indesk directly. These principal market-making activities include transactions for funds serviced by third party custodians or prime brokers, as well as those funds under custody with us.
•Indirect FX trading: Represents FX transactions with clients, for which we are the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, comparedfunds' custodian, or their investment managers, routed to the same periods in 2016. The decrease in the third quarter of 2017 was primarily dueour FX desk through our asset-servicing operation. We execute
indirect FX trades as a principal at rates disclosed to lower foreign exchange volatility, partially offset by higher client-related volumes. The increase in the first nine months of 2017 was primarily due to higher client-related volumes.
We also offer a range of brokerage and other trading products tailored specifically to meet the needs of the global pension community, including transition management and commission recapture. These products and services are generally offered by us as agent of the institutional investor. Revenue earned from these services is recorded in other trading, transition management and brokerage revenue within brokerage and other trading services revenue.our clients.
Our FX trading revenue is influenced by multiple factors, including: the volume and type of client FX transactions and related spreads; currency volatility, reflecting market conditions; and our management of exchange rate, interest rate and other market risks associated with our foreign exchangeFX activities. The relative impact of these factors on our total FX trading revenues often differs from period to period. For example, assuming all other factors remain constant, increases or decreases in volumes or bid-offer spreads across product mix tend to result in increases or decreases, as the case may be, in client-related FX revenue. Revenue earned from direct sales and trading and indirect FX trading is recorded in FX trading revenue.
Total FX trading revenue is comprised of:
Direct sales and trading: We enter into FX transactions with clients and investment managers that contact our trading desk directly. These trades are all executed at negotiated rates. We refer to this activity, and our principal market-making activities, as “direct sales and trading” and it includes many transactions for funds serviced by third party custodians or prime brokers, as well as those funds under custody at State Street. Direct sales and trading revenue represents all of the FX trading revenue other than the revenue attributed to indirect FX trading. Direct sales and trading revenue represented
56% and 57% of total FX trading revenue in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared to 59% and 57% for the same periods in 2016.
Indirect FX trading: Clients or their investment managers may elect to route FX transactions to our FX desk through our asset-servicing operation; we refer to this activity as “indirect FX trading” and, in all cases, we are the funds' custodian. We execute indirect FX trades as a principal at rates disclosed to our clients. Estimated indirect sales and trading revenue represented 44% and 43% of total FX trading revenue in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared to 41% and 43% for the same periods in 2016. We calculate revenue for indirect FX trading using an attribution methodology. This methodology takes into consideration estimated mark-ups/downs and observed client volumes.
Our clients that utilize indirect FX trading can, in addition to executing their FX transactions through dealers not affiliated with us, transition from indirect FX trading to either direct sales and trading execution, including our “Street FX” service, or to one of our electronic trading platforms. Street FX, in which we continue to act as a principal market-maker, enables our clients to define their FX execution strategy and automate the FX trade execution process, both for funds under custody with us as well as those under custody at another bank.
We continue to expect that some clients may choose, over time, to reduce their level of indirect FX trading transactions in favor of other execution methods, including either direct sales and trading transactions or electronic FX services which we provide. To the extent that clients shift to other execution methods that we provide, our FX trading revenue may decrease, even if volumes remain constant.
Total brokerage and otheralso earn foreign exchange trading services revenue was flat in the third quarter of 2017through "electronic FX services" and decreased 4% in the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same periods in 2016, primarily due to lower foreign exchange volatility compared to 2016, as well as the absence of revenue associated with the WM/ Reuters business, which we disposed of in the second quarter of 2016. Total"other trading, transition management and brokerage and other trading services revenue comprises:revenue."
•Electronic FX services:services: Our clients may choose to execute FX transactions through one of our electronic trading platforms. These transactions generate revenue through a “click” fee.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

•Other trading, transition management and brokerage revenue:revenue: As our clients look to State Streetus to enhance and preserve portfolio values, they may choose to utilize our Transition or Currency Management capabilities or transact with our Equity Trade execution group. These transactions, which are not limited to foreign exchange, generate revenue via commissions charged for trades transacted during the management of these portfolios.
In recent years, our transition management revenue was adversely affected by compliance issues in our U.K. business during 2010 and 2011, including settlements with the FCA in 2014 and the DOJ in 2017, the latter including a deferred prosecution agreement. The reputational and regulatory impact of those compliance issues continues and may adversely affect our results in future periods.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Securities Finance
Our securities finance business consists of three components:
(1) an agency lending program for SSGA-managedState Street Global Advisors managed investment funds with a broad range of investment objectives, which we refer to as the SSGAState Street Global Advisors lending funds;
(2) an agency lending program for third-party investment managers and asset owners, which we refer to as the agency lending funds; and
(3) security lending transactions which we enter into as principal, which we refer to as our enhanced custody business.
Securities finance revenue earned from our agency lending activities, which is composed of our split of both the spreads related to cash collateral and the fees related to non-cash collateral, is principally a function of the volume of securities on loan, the interest-rateinterest rate spreads and fees earned on the underlying collateral and our share of the fee split.
As principal, our enhanced custody business borrows securities from the lending client or other market participants and then lends such securities to the subsequent borrower, either a State Streetour client or a broker/dealer. We act as principal when the lending client is unable to, or elects not to, transact directly with the market and execute the transaction and furnish the securities. In our role as principal, we provide support to the transaction through our credit rating. While we source a significant proportion of the securities furnished by us in our role as principal from third parties, we have the ability to source securities through our assets under custody and administration from clients who have designated State Streetus as an eligible borrower.
Securities finance revenue, as presented in Table 9:10: Investment Servicing Line of Business Results, increased 8%20% and 14% in both the third quarterthree and first ninesix months of 2017ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2016, primarily the result of2020, driven by higher revenue in ouragency lending and enhanced custody business.balances, partially offset by lower spreads.
Market influences may continue to affect client demand for securities finance, and as a result our revenue from, and the profitability of, our securities lending activities in future periods. In addition, the constantly evolving regulatory environment, including revised or proposed capital and liquidity standards, and interpretations of those standards, and our own balance sheet management activities, may influence modifications to the way in which we deliver our agency lending or enhanced custody businesses, the volume of our securities lending activity and related revenue and profitability in future periods.
Software and Processing Fees
Software and Other
Processingprocessing fees and other revenue includes diverse types of fees and revenue, including fees from software licensing and maintenance, fees from our structured products business fees from software licensing and maintenance,other revenue including equity income from our joint venture investments, gains and losses on sales of other assets, derivative financial instruments to support our clients' needsmarket-related adjustments and to manage our interest-rate and currency risk, and amortization of ourincome associated with certain tax-advantaged investments.
ProcessingSoftware and processing fees and other revenue, presented in Table 9:10: Investment Servicing Line of Business Results, increased 442% and 24%decreased 9% in the third quarterthree months ended June 30, 2021 and first nineincreased 4% in the six months of 2017, respectively,ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same periods in 2016. The increase2020, respectively, and reflects approximately $136 million and $223 million from CRD in the third quarter of 2017three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to approximately $134 million and $225 million from CRD in the third quarter of 2016same periods in 2020, respectively. Revenue related to the front office solutions provided by CRD is primarily due to a pre-tax gain of approximately $26 million ondriven by the sale of term software licenses and software as service arrangements, including professional services such as consulting and implementation services, software support and maintenance. Approximately 50%-70% of revenue associated with a sale of software to be installed on-premises is recognized at a point in time when the customer benefits from obtaining access to and use of the software license, with the percentage varying based on the length of the contract and other contractual terms. The remainder of revenue for on-premise installations is recognized over the length of the contract as maintenance and other services are provided. Upon renewal of an equity trading platformon-premises software contract, the same pattern of revenue recognition is followed with 50%-70% recognized upon renewal and the balance recognized over the term of the contract. Revenue for a Software as a Service (SaaS) related arrangement, where the customer does not take possession of the software, is recognized over the term of the contract as services are provided. Upon renewal of a SaaS arrangement, revenue continues to be recognized as services are provided under the new contract. As a result of these differences in how portions of CRD revenue are accounted for, CRD revenue may vary more than other business units quarter to quarter. CRD contributed approximately $140 million and $230 million in total revenue in the third quarter of 2017. The increasethree and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to approximately $138 million and $233 million in the first nine months of 2017 is primarily due to a pre-tax gain of $30 million on the dispositions of our joint venture interestssame periods in IFDS U.K. and BFDS2020, respectively, which included in the first quarter of 2017three and the aforementioned sale of an equitysix months ended June 30, 2021 approximately $136 million and $223 million in software and processing fees, respectively, and $3 million and $6 million in brokerage and other trading platform business in the third quarter of 2017, partially offset by a pre-tax gain of approximately $53 million related to the sale of WM/Reuters in 2016.services, respectively, within foreign exchange trading services.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Amortization of tax advantage investments negatively impacted software and processing fees by approximately $30 million and $56 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $20 million and $43 million in the same periods in 2020, respectively.
In addition, FX and market-related adjustments, which also includes certain fair value adjustments, impacted software and processing fees by approximately ($1) million and ($5) million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $8 million and ($13) million in the same periods in 2020, respectively.
Expenses
Total expenses for Investment Servicing increased 2% in both the third quarter of 2017three and six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same periodperiods in 2016,2020, primarily reflecting installation of new business, annual meritunfavorable currency translation. Currency translation increased expenses for Investment Servicing by 2% in both the three and performance relatedsix months ended June 30, 2021 relative to the same periods in 2020. Seasonal deferred incentive compensation expensesexpense and the impact of the weaker U.S. dollar.
Total expenses increased 3%payroll taxes were $141 million in the first ninesix months of 2017ended June 30, 2021 compared to $125 million in the same period in 2016, primarily due to higher annual merit2020. Total expenses contributed by CRD were approximately $70 million and performance based incentive compensation increases, including higher seasonal deferred incentive compensation expense for retirement
eligible employees and payroll taxes of approximately $28$137 million in the first quarter of 2017three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $61 million and $119 million in the first quarter of 2016, and increased costs to support new business.
The increases for both the three- and nine-monthsame periods were partially offset by Beacon savings.
in 2020, respectively. Additional information about expenses is provided under "Expenses" in "Consolidated Results of Operations" included in this Management's Discussion and Analysis in this Form 10-Q.Analysis.

Investment Management
TABLE 14: INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LINE OF BUSINESS RESULTS      
 Quarters Ended September 30,   Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016 % Change 2017 2016 % Change
Management fees$419
 $368
 14 % $1,198
 $931
 29%
Trading services(1)
20
 19
 5
 55
 46
 20
Processing fees and other1
 (7) nm
 6
 (9) nm
Total fee revenue440
 380
 16
 1,259
 968
 30
Net interest income(3) 1
 nm
 (3) 3
 nm
Total revenue437
 381
 15
 1,256
 971
 29
Total expenses314
 317
 (1) 954
 817
 17
Income before income tax expense$123
 $64
 92
 $302
 $154
 96
Pre-tax margin28% 17%   24% 16%  
TABLE 14: INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT LINE OF BUSINESS RESULTS
(Dollars in millions, except where otherwise noted)Three Months Ended June 30,% Change
20212020
Management fees(1)(2)
$504 $444 14 %
Foreign exchange trading services(1)(3)
16 13 23 
Securities finance3 4 (25)
Software and processing fees(4)
7 16 (56)
Total fee revenue530 477 11 
Net interest income(1)(12)(92)
Total revenue529 465 14 
Total expenses346 353 (2)
Income before income tax expense$183 $112 63 
Pre-tax margin35 %24 %
(Dollars in millions, except where otherwise noted)Six Months Ended June 30,% Change
20212020
Management fees(1)(2)
$997 $908 10 %
Foreign exchange trading services(1)(3)
29 23 26 
Securities finance7 7 — 
Software and processing fees(4)
9 (9)(200)
Total fee revenue1,042 929 12 
Net interest income(7)(11)(36)
Total revenue1,035 918 13 
Total expenses743 738 1 
Income before income tax expense$292 $180 62 
Pre-tax margin28 %20 %
(1)Certain fees associated with our GLD ETFs have been reclassified from Foreign exchange trading services to Management fees to better reflect the nature of those fees. Prior periods have been reclassified to conform to current-period presentation. These fees were approximately $19 million and $34 million in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively.
(2) Includes revenues from SPDR® Gold Shares and SPDR® Gold MiniSharesSM Trust AUM where we are not the investment manager but act as the marketing agent.
(3) Includes revenue for reimbursements received for certain ETFs associated with the SPDR® Gold ETF and SPDR® Long Dollar Gold Trust ETF, for whichState Street Global Advisors where we act as the distribution and marketing agent.
(4) Includes other revenue items that are primarily driven by equity market movements.
nm Not meaningful
Investment Management total revenue increased 14% and 13% in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2020.

Management Fees
Through SSGA, we provide a broad range of investment management strategies, specialized investment management advisory services, OCIO and other financial services for corporations, public funds, and other sophisticated investors. SSGA offers an array of investment management strategies, including passive and active, such as enhanced indexing, using quantitative and fundamental methods for both U.S. and global equity and fixed income securities. SSGA also offers ETFs, such as the SPDR® ETF brand. While certain management fees are directly determined by the values of AUM and the investment strategies employed, management fees reflect other factors as well, including our relationship pricing for clients who use multiple services, and the benchmarks specified in the respective management agreements related to performance fees.
Management fees increased 14% and 10% in the third quarter of 2017three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to the same periodperiods in 2016,2020, primarily due to higher globalaverage equity markets,market levels and net new business and positive ETF flows,inflows from ETFs, partially offset by a previously reported idiosyncratic institutional net outflows.
Management fees increased 29%client asset reallocation in the first nine monthsquarter of 2017 compared to the same period in 2016, primarily due to the acquired GEAM operations, higher global equity markets2021 and higher revenue yielding ETF inflows.money market fee waivers. As of June 30, 2021, and assuming short-term spot interest rates and
Management fees generated outside the U.S. were approximately 28% of total management fees in both the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared to 29% and 33% in the same periods in 2016, respectively. The percentage of management fees generated outside the U.S. for the first nine months of 2017 decreased from the same period in 2016 primarily due to the acquired GEAM operations.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

the amount of money market fund assets remain constant, we estimate that the impact of gross money market fee waivers on our management fees would be in the range of approximately $20 million to $25 million in each subsequent quarter of 2021. Currency translation increased management fees by 2% in both the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, relative to the same periods in 2020.
TABLE 15: ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT BY ASSET CLASS AND INVESTMENT APPROACH
(In billions) September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016
Equity:      
   Active $95
 $73
 $70
   Passive 1,545
 1,401
 1,340
Total Equity 1,640
 1,474
 1,410
Fixed-Income:      
   Active 73
 70
 73
   Passive 326
 308
 318
Total Fixed-Income 399
 378
 391
Cash(1)
 347
 333
 351
Multi-Asset-Class Solutions:      
   Active 18
 19
 19
   Passive 116
 107
 106
Total Multi-Asset-Class Solutions 134
 126
 125
Alternative Investments(2):
      
   Active 24
 28
 29
   Passive 129
 129
 140
Total Alternative Investments 153
 157
 169
Total $2,673
 $2,468
 $2,446
Management fees generated outside the U.S. were approximately 26% of total management fees in both the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to approximately 25% and 27% in the same periods in 2020, respectively.
TABLE 15: ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT BY ASSET CLASS AND INVESTMENT APPROACH
(In billions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2020
Equity:
  Active$83 $85 $77 
  Passive2,378 2,086 1,768 
Total equity (1)
2,461 2,171 1,845 
Fixed-income:
  Active100 90 88 
  Passive510 459 405 
Total fixed-income(1)
610 549 493 
Cash(1)(2)
381 349 376 
Multi-asset-class solutions:
  Active35 40 41 
  Passive172 146 116 
Total multi-asset-class solutions(1)
207 186 157 
Alternative investments(3):
  Active63 39 28 
  Passive175 173 155 
Total alternative investments(1)
238 212 183 
Total$3,897 $3,467 $3,054 
(1) The implementation of an improved internal data management system for product level data in the first quarter of 2021 resulted in some AUM reclassifications between the categories presented for prior periods to align with the current presentation. There was no impact to the total level of reported AUM.
(2) Includes both floating- and constant-net-asset-value portfolios held in commingled structures or separate accounts.
(2) (3) Includes real estate investment trusts, currency and commodities, including SPDR® Gold ETFShares and SPDR®Long Dollar Gold Trust ETF. State Street isMiniSharesSM Trust. We are not the investment manager for the SPDR® Gold ETFShares and SPDR®Long Dollar GoldMiniSharesSM Trust, ETF, but actsact as the marketing agent.
TABLE 16: EXCHANGE - TRADED FUNDS BY ASSET CLASS(1)
(In billions) September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016
Alternative Investments(2)
 $48
 $42
 $54
Cash 2
 2
 2
Equity 478
 426
 370
Fixed-income 61
 51
 52
Total Exchange-Traded Funds $589
 $521
 $478
TABLE 16: EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS BY ASSET CLASS(1)
(In billions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2020
Alternative Investments(2)(3)
$73$83$77
Equity(3)
844708570
Multi Asset1——
Fixed-Income(3)
128115107
Total Exchange-Traded Funds$1,046$906$754
(1) ETFs are a component of AUM presented in the preceding table.
(2) Includes real estate investment trusts, currency and commodities, including SPDR® Gold ETFShares and SPDR®Long Dollar Gold Trust ETF. State Street isMiniSharesSM Trust. We are not the investment manager for the SPDR® Gold ETFShares and SPDR®Long Dollar GoldMiniSharesSM Trust, ETF, but actsact as the marketing agent.
(3) The implementation of an improved internal data management system for product level data in the first quarter of 2021 resulted in some AUM reclassifications between the categories presented for prior periods to align with the current presentation. There was no impact to the total level of reported AUM.
TABLE 17: GEOGRAPHIC MIX OF ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT(1)
(In billions) September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016
North America $1,845
 $1,691
 $1,641
Europe/Middle East/Africa 510
 482
 495
Asia/Pacific 318
 295
 310
Total $2,673
 $2,468
 $2,446
TABLE 17: GEOGRAPHIC MIX OF ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT(1)
(In billions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2020
North America$2,749 $2,411 $2,102 
Europe/Middle East/Africa570 512 464 
Asia/Pacific578 544 488 
Total$3,897 $3,467 $3,054 
(1) Geographic mix is based on client location or fund management location.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

TABLE 18: ACTIVITY IN ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT BY PRODUCT CATEGORY
(In billions)
Equity(1)
Fixed-Income(1)
Cash(1)(2)
Multi-Asset-Class Solutions(1)
Alternative Investments(1)(3)
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019$1,990 $479 $317 $157 $173 $3,116 
Long-term institutional flows, net(4)
21 (10)(1)— — 10 
Exchange-traded fund flows, net(14)7 — — 4 (3)
Cash fund flows, net— — 32 — — 32 
Total flows, net7 (3)31 — 4 39 
Market appreciation (depreciation)(419)5 2 (16)(8)(436)
Foreign exchange impact(17)(3)(2)(1)(7)(30)
Total market/foreign exchange impact(436)2 — (17)(15)(466)
Balance as of March 31, 20201,561 478 348 140 162 2,689 
Long-term institutional flows, net(4)
(17)(10)— 1 (5)(31)
Exchange-traded fund flows, net8 6 — — 12 26 
Cash fund flows, net— — 28 — — 28 
Total flows, net(9)(4)28 1 7 23 
Market appreciation (depreciation)283 17 (1)15 10 324 
Foreign exchange impact10 2 1 1 4 18 
Total market/foreign exchange impact293 19 — 16 14 342 
Balance as of June 30, 2020$1,845 $493 $376 $157 $183 $3,054 
Balance as of December 31, 2020$2,171 $549 $349 $186 $212 $3,467 
Long-term institutional flows, net(4)
(35)26 (1)1 1 (8)
Exchange-traded fund flows, net21 9 — — (7)23 
Cash fund flows, net— — 24 — — 24 
Total flows, net(14)35 23 1 (6)39 
Market appreciation (depreciation)148 (24)— 3 (11)116 
Foreign exchange impact(23)(6)— (1)(1)(31)
Total market/foreign exchange impact125 (30)— 2 (12)85 
Balance as of March 31, 20212,282 554 372 189 194 3,591 
Long-term institutional flows, net(4)
13 37 — 7 (2)55 
Exchange-traded fund flows, net15 5 — — 1 21 
Cash fund flows, net— — 7 — — 7 
Total flows, net28 42 7 7 (1)83 
Market appreciation (depreciation)152 14 2 11 45 224 
Foreign exchange impact(1)— — — — (1)
Total market/foreign exchange impact151 14 2 11 45 223 
Balance as of June 30, 2021$2,461 $610 $381 $207 $238 $3,897 
TABLE 18: ACTIVITY IN ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT BY PRODUCT CATEGORY
(In billions)Equity Fixed-Income 
Cash(1)
 Multi-Asset-Class Solutions 
Alternative Investments(2)
 Total
Balance as of December 31, 2015$1,326
 $312
 $368
 $103
 $136
 $2,245
Long-term institutional inflows(3)
161
 62
 —
 34
 9
 266
Long-term institutional outflows(3)
(206) (71) —
 (26) (16) (319)
Long-term institutional flows, net(45) (9) —
 8
 (7) (53)
ETF flows, net(3) 7
 (1) —
 13
 16
Cash fund flows, net—
   (21) —
 —
 (21)
Total flows, net(48) (2) (22) 8
 6
 (58)
Market appreciation84
 19
 1
 11
 15
 130
Foreign exchange impact10
 6
 —
 —
 1
 17
Total market/foreign exchange impact94
 25
 1
 11
 16
 147
Acquisitions and transfers(4)
38
 56
 4
 3
 11
 112
Balance as of September 30, 2016$1,410
 $391
 $351
 $125
 $169
 $2,446
            
Balance as of December 31, 2016$1,474
 $378
 $333
 $126
 $157
 $2,468
Long-term institutional inflows(3)
182
 65
 —
 30
 16
 293
Long-term institutional outflows(3)
(242) (73) —
 (33) (32) (380)
Long-term institutional flows, net(60) (8) —
 (3) (16) (87)
ETF flows, net(1) 8
 —
 —
 3
 10
Cash fund flows, net—
 —
 13
 —
 —
 13
Total flows, net(61) —
 13
 (3) (13) (64)
Market appreciation203
 12
 (2) 6
 4
 223
Foreign exchange impact24
 9
 3
 5
 5
 46
Total market/foreign exchange impact227
 21
 1
 11
 9
 269
Balance as of September 30, 2017$1,640
 $399
 $347
 $134
 $153
 $2,673
(1) The implementation of an improved internal data management system for product level data in the first quarter of 2021 resulted in some AUM reclassifications between the categories presented for prior periods to align with the current presentation. There was no impact to the total level of reported AUM.
(2) Includes both floating- and constant-net-asset-value portfolios held in commingled structures or separate accounts.
(2) (3) Includes real estate investment trusts, currency and commodities, including SPDR® Gold ETFShares and SPDR®Long Dollar Gold Trust ETF. State Street isMiniSharesSM Trust. We are not the investment manager for the SPDR® Gold ETFShares and SPDR®Long Dollar GoldMiniSharesSM Trust, ETF, but actsact as the marketing agent.
(3) (4) Amounts represent long-term portfolios, excluding ETFs.
(4) Includes AUM acquired as part of the acquisition of GEAM on July 1, 2016.
The preceding table does not include approximately $29 billion of new asset management business which was awarded but not installed as of September 30, 2017. New business will be reflected in AUM in future periods after installation, and will generate management fee revenue in subsequent periods. Total AUM as of September 30, 2017 included managed assets lost but not liquidated. Lost business occurs from time to time and it is difficult to predict the timing of client behavior in transitioning these assets. This timing can vary significantly.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Expenses
Total expenses for Investment Management remained flatdecreased 2% in the third quarter of 2017three months ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 2016.
2020, primarily due to expense savings initiatives, partially offset by unfavorable currency translation. Total expenses for Investment Management increased 17%1% in the first ninesix months of 2017ended June 30, 2021, compared to the same period in 20162020, primarily due to higher annual meritseasonal expenses and performance based incentive compensation increases, including higher seasonalcurrency translation. Seasonal deferred incentive compensation expense for retirement eligible employees and payroll taxes were $35 million in the first quarter of 2017six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to $26 million in the first quarter of 2016same period in 2020. Currency translation increased expenses for Investment Management by 2% in both the three and increased costssix months ended June 30, 2021, relative to support new business. These increases were partially offset by Beacon savings.the same periods in 2020.
Additional information about expenses is provided under "Expenses" in “Consolidated"Consolidated Results of Operations”Operations" included in this Management's Discussion and Analysis in this Form 10-Q.Analysis.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
The structure of our consolidated statement of condition is primarily driven by the liabilities generated by our Investment Servicing and Investment Management lines of business. Our clients' needs and our operating objectives determine balance sheet volume, mix and currency denomination. As our clients execute their worldwide cash management and investment activities, they utilize deposits and short-term investments that constitute the majority of our liabilities. These liabilities are generally in the form of interest-bearing transaction account deposits, which are denominated in a variety of currencies; non-interest-bearing demand deposits; and repurchase agreements, which generally serve as short-term investment alternatives for our clients.
Deposits and other liabilities resulting from client initiated transactions are invested in assets that generally have contractual maturities significantly longer than our liabilities; however, we evaluate the operational nature of our deposits and seek to maintain appropriate short-term liquidity of those liabilities that are not operational in nature and maintain longer-termed assets for our operational deposits. Our assets consist primarily of securities held in our AFS or HTM portfolios and short-duration financial instruments, such as interest-bearing deposits with banks and securities purchased under resale agreements. The actual mix of assets is determined by the characteristics of the client liabilities and our desire to maintain a well-diversified portfolio of high-quality assets.
TABLE 19: AVERAGE STATEMENT OF CONDITION(1) 
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
(In millions)Average Balance Average Balance
Assets:   
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$49,171
 $52,423
Securities purchased under resale agreements2,192
 2,610
Trading account assets949
 908
Investment securities95,716
 101,243
Loans and leases21,360
 18,674
Other interest-earning assets22,952
 22,316
Average total interest-earning assets192,340
 198,174
Cash and due from banks3,181
 3,402
Other non-interest-earning assets24,973
 27,052
Average total assets$220,494
 $228,628
    
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:  
Interest-bearing deposits:   
U.S.$25,821
 $30,388
Non-U.S.96,860
 95,013
Total interest-bearing deposits122,681
 125,401
Securities sold under repurchase agreements3,965
 4,107
Federal funds purchased1
 33
Other short-term borrowings1,313
 1,727
Long-term debt11,569
 11,306
Other interest-bearing liabilities4,881
 5,550
Average total interest-bearing liabilities144,410
 148,124
Non-interest-bearing deposits42,043
 43,806
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities12,130
 14,697
Preferred shareholders’ equity3,197
 3,015
Common shareholders’ equity18,714
 18,986
Average total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$220,494
 $228,628
TABLE 19: AVERAGE STATEMENT OF CONDITION(1)
Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)20212020
Assets:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$97,348 $76,931 
Securities purchased under resale agreements4,261 2,574 
Trading account assets764 896 
Investment securities:
Investment securities available-for-sale62,728 55,852 
Investment securities held-to-maturity46,294 40,700 
Investment securities held to maturity purchased under money market liquidity facility634 10,541 
Total investment securities109,656 107,093 
Loans28,752 27,919 
Other interest-earning assets19,625 10,298 
Average total interest-earning assets260,406 225,711 
Cash and due from banks5,065 3,668 
Other non-interest-earning assets36,823 38,556 
Average total assets$302,294 $267,935 
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Interest-bearing deposits:
U.S.$105,647 $85,672 
Non-U.S.80,854 65,658 
Total interest-bearing deposits(2)
186,501 151,330 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements745 2,584 
Short-term borrowings under money market liquidity facility635 10,612 
Other short-term borrowings829 3,017 
Long-term debt13,639 14,431 
Other interest-bearing liabilities5,268 3,446 
Average total interest-bearing liabilities207,617 185,420 
Non-interest-bearing deposits(2)
47,815 37,284 
Other non-interest-bearing liabilities21,269 20,867 
Preferred shareholders’ equity2,177 2,666 
Common shareholders’ equity23,416 21,698 
Average total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$302,294 $267,935 
(1) Additional information about our average statement of condition, primarily our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, is provided in "Net Interest Income" included in this Management's Discussion and Analysis includedAnalysis.
(2) Total deposits averaged $234.32 billion in this Form 10-Q.the six months ended June 30, 2021compared to $188.61 billion in the same period in 2020.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Investment Securities
TABLE 20: CARRYING VALUES OF INVESTMENT SECURITIESTABLE 20: CARRYING VALUES OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES
TABLE 20: CARRYING VALUES OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Available-for-sale:Available-for-sale:Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$620
 $4,263
Direct obligations$12,904 $6,575 
Mortgage-backed securities11,000
 13,257
Mortgage-backed securities16,213 14,305 
Asset-backed securities:   
Student loans(1)
4,826
 5,596
Credit cards1,548
 1,351
Sub-prime—
 272
Other1,221
 905
Total asset-backed securities7,595
 8,124
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agenciesTotal U.S. Treasury and federal agencies29,117 20,880 
Non-U.S. debt securities:   Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities7,074
 6,535
Mortgage-backed securities2,002 1,996 
Asset-backed securities2,839
 2,516
Asset-backed securities2,451 2,291 
Government securities6,658
 5,836
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-agencyForeign sovereign, supranational and non-agency20,690 22,087 
Other(1)
Other(1)
3,432 3,355 
Total non-U.S. debt securitiesTotal non-U.S. debt securities28,575 29,729 
Asset-backed securities:Asset-backed securities:
Student loans(2)
Student loans(2)
258 314 
Collateralized loan obligations(3)
Collateralized loan obligations(3)
4,694 2,966 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(4)
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(4)
65 78 
Other5,818
 5,613
Other92 90 
Total non-U.S. debt securities22,389
 20,500
Total asset-backed securitiesTotal asset-backed securities5,109 3,448 
State and political subdivisions9,738
 10,322
State and political subdivisions1,491 1,548 
Collateralized mortgage obligations1,528
 2,593
Other U.S. debt securities2,928
 2,469
U.S. equity securities46
 42
Non-U.S. equity securities—
 3
U.S. money-market mutual funds394
 409
Non-U.S. money-market mutual funds—
 16
Total$56,238
 $61,998
   
Held-to-maturity(2):
   
Other U.S. debt securities(5)
Other U.S. debt securities(5)
3,205 3,443 
Total available-for-sale securities(6)
Total available-for-sale securities(6)
$67,497 $59,048 
Held-to-maturity:Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$17,456
 $17,527
Direct obligations$4,696 $6,057 
Mortgage-backed securities12,375
 10,334
Mortgage-backed securities33,408 36,901 
Asset-backed securities:   
Student loans(1)
3,116
 2,883
Credit cards798
 897
Other1
 35
Total asset-backed securities3,915
 3,815
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agenciesTotal U.S. Treasury and federal agencies38,104 42,958 
Non-U.S. debt securities:   Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities1,000
 1,150
Mortgage-backed securities233 303 
Asset-backed securities325
 531
Government securities483
 286
Other47
 113
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-agencyForeign sovereign, supranational and non-agency1,595 342 
Total non-U.S. debt securities1,855
 2,080
Total non-U.S. debt securities1,828 645 
Collateralized mortgage obligations1,249
 1,413
Total$36,850
 $35,169
Asset-backed securities:Asset-backed securities:
Student loans(2)
Student loans(2)
4,860 4,774 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(7)
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(7)
392 554 
Total asset-backed securitiesTotal asset-backed securities5,252 5,328 
Total(6)(8)
Total(6)(8)
45,184 48,931 
Held-to-maturity under money market mutual fund liquidity facilityHeld-to-maturity under money market mutual fund liquidity facility— 3,300 
Total held-to-maturity securities(6)
Total held-to-maturity securities(6)
$45,184 $52,231 
(1) As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value includes non-U.S. corporate bonds of $1.94 billion and $1.88 billion, respectively.
(1) (2)Primarily composedcomprised of securities guaranteed by the federal government with respect to at least 97% of defaulted principal and accrued interest on the underlying loans.
(2) Includes(3) Excludes collateralized loan obligations in loan form. Refer to Note 4 for additional information.
(4) Consists entirely of non-agency CMBS as of both June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.
(5) As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value of U.S. corporate bonds was $3.20 billion and $3.42 billion, respectively.
(6) An immaterial amount of accrued interest related to HTM and AFS investment securities atwas excluded from the amortized cost or fair valuebasis for the period ended June 30, 2021.
(7) As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the total amortized cost included $319 million and $464 million, respectively, of non-agency CMBS and $73 million and $90 million of non-agency RMBS, respectively.
(8) As of June 30, 2021, we recognized an allowance for credit losses of $2 million on the date of transfer from AFS.HTM investment securities.
Additional information about our investment securities portfolio is provided in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
We manage our investment securities portfolio to align with the interest-rateinterest rate and duration characteristics of our client liabilities that we consider to be operational deposits and in the context of the overall structure of our consolidated statement of condition, in consideration of the global interest-rateinterest rate environment. We consider a well-diversified, high-credit quality investment securities portfolio to be an important element in the management of our consolidated statement of condition.
InAverage duration of our investment securities portfolio was 3.1 years and 3.0 years as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The duration remained slightly above 3 years despite the first quarter of 2017, we sold $2.7 billion of AFS, primarily Agency MBScontinued growth in the portfolio due to lower long-end rates and U.S. Treasury securitiesresulting higher prepayment speeds in our investment portfolio, in response to the current interest rate environment resulting in a pre-tax loss of $40 million.mortgage backed securities portfolio.
Approximately 91%92% of the carrying value of the portfolio was rated “AAA” or “AA” as of Septemberboth June 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016.2020.
TABLE 21: INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO BY EXTERNAL CREDIT RATING
TABLE 21: INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO BY EXTERNAL CREDIT RATING (EXCLUDING SECURITIES PURCHASED UNDER THE MMLF PROGRAM)TABLE 21: INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO BY EXTERNAL CREDIT RATING (EXCLUDING SECURITIES PURCHASED UNDER THE MMLF PROGRAM)
September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
AAA(1)
76% 78%
AAA(1)
79 %78 %
AA15
 13
AA13 14 
A5
 5
A4 4 
BBB3
 3
BBB4 4 
Below BBB1
 1
100% 100%
100 %100 %
(1) Includes U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities that are split-rated, “AAA” by Moody’s Investors Service and “AA+” by Standard & Poor’s.Poor’s and also includes Agency MBS securities which are not explicitly rated but which have an explicit or assumed guarantee from the U.S. government.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021 and December 31, 2020, the investment portfolio of 10,703 securities was diversified with respect to asset class. Approximately 53%class composition. The following table presents the composition of these asset classes.
TABLE 22: INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO BY ASSET CLASS
June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
U.S. Agency
Mortgage-backed securities		35 %39 %
Foreign sovereign19 20 
U.S. Treasuries16 11 
Asset-backed securities13 11 
Other credit(1)
17 19 
100 %100 %
(1) Includes the aggregate carrying value ofsecurities purchased under the portfolio as of September 30, 2017 was composed of MBS and ABS, compared to 52% as of December 31, 2016. The ABS portfolio, of which approximately 96% and 93% of the carrying value as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, was floating-rate, consisted primarily of student loan-backed and credit card-backed securities. MBS were composed of securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC, as well as U.S. and non-U.S. large-issuer collateralized mortgage obligations.MMLF program.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Non-U.S. Debt Securities
Approximately 26%27% of the aggregate carrying value of our investment securities portfolio was non-U.S. debt securities as of Septemberboth June 30, 2017, compared to approximately 23% as of December 31, 2016.
TABLE 22: NON-U.S. DEBT SECURITIES
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Available-for-sale:   
United Kingdom$5,320
 $5,093
Australia4,461
 4,272
Canada3,749
 2,989
France1,658
 1,013
Netherlands1,338
 1,283
Japan1,020
 1,388
Italy999
 676
Belgium774
 360
Hong Kong633
 664
Germany488
 713
Sweden479
 188
Spain424
 266
Norway419
 508
South Korea201
 634
Finland124
 223
Other(1)
302
 230
Total$22,389
 $20,500
Held-to-maturity:   
United Kingdom$452
 $504
Netherlands390
 473
Singapore364
 180
Australia250
 374
Germany171
 329
Spain104
 98
Other(2)
124
 122
Total$1,855
 $2,080
(1) Included approximately $182 million and $164 million as of September 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016, respectively, related to Ireland, Austria2020.
TABLE 23: NON-U.S. DEBT SECURITIES(1)
(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Available-for-sale:
Canada$3,977 $3,163 
France2,531 2,829 
Australia2,273 2,809 
Germany2,116 2,155 
United Kingdom1,404 1,209 
Japan1,392 560 
Austria1,349 1,544 
Netherlands1,285 1,528 
Spain1,263 1,642 
Belgium1,106 1,618 
Finland896 1,222 
Italy885 1,014 
Ireland793 1,226 
Brazil203 74 
Other(2)
7,102 7,136 
Total$28,575 $29,729 
Held-to-maturity:
Singapore$216 $342 
Australia72 90 
Spain77 84 
Other(2)
1,463 129 
Total$1,828 $645 
(1) Geography is determined primarily based on the domicile of collateral or issuer.
(2) As of June 30, 2021, other non-U.S. investments include $6.4 billion supranational bonds in AFS securities and Portugal, all of which were related to MBS and auto loans.
(2) Included approximately $76 million and $80 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, related to Italy, Portugal and Norway all of which were related to MBS and auto loans.$1.4 billion supranational bonds in HTM securities.
Approximately 88%79% of the aggregate carrying value of these non-U.S. debt securities was rated “AAA” or “AA” as of both SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016.2020. The majority of these securities comprised senior positions within the security structures; these positions have a level of protection provided through subordination and other forms of credit protection. As of Septemberboth June 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, approximately 65%26% of the aggregate carrying value of these non-U.S. debt securities was floating-rate, and accordingly, we consider these securities to have minimal interest-rate risk.floating-rate.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, our non-U.S. debt securities had an average market-to-book ratio of 100.6%100.7%, and an aggregate pre-tax net unrealized gain of approximately $146$226 million, composed of gross unrealized gains of $176$290 million and gross unrealized losses of $30$64 million. These unrealized amounts included included:
•a pre-tax net unrealized gain of $160 million, composed of gross unrealized gains of $221 million and gross unrealized losses of $61 million, associated with non-U.S. AFS debt securities; and
•a pre-tax net unrealized gain of $66 million, composed of gross unrealized gains of $89$69 million and gross unrealized losses of $23$3 million, associated with non-U.S. HTM debt securities available-for-sale.securities.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the underlying collateral for non-U.S. MBS and ABS primarily included Australian, Dutch,U.K., Netherlands and Italian and U.K. prime mortgages and German auto loans.mortgages. The securities listed under “Canada” were composed of Canadian government securities and provincial bonds, corporate debt and covered bonds.non-U.S. agency securities. The securities listed under “France” were composed of auto loans, prime mortgages, andsovereign bonds, corporate debt, covered bonds, ABS and covered bonds.Non-U.S. agency securities. The securities listed under “Japan” were substantially composed of Japanese government securities and corporate debt.securities.
Municipal Obligations
We carried approximately$9.74 $1.5 billion of municipal securities classified as state and political subdivisions in our investment securities portfolio as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, as shown in Table 20:21: Carrying Values of Investment Securities, all of which were classified as AFS. As of the same date,June 30, 2021, we also provided approximately $9.52$9.1 billion of credit and liquidity facilities to municipal issuers.
TABLE 23: STATE AND MUNICIPAL OBLIGORS(1)
TABLE 24: STATE AND MUNICIPAL OBLIGORS(1)
TABLE 24: STATE AND MUNICIPAL OBLIGORS(1)
(Dollars in millions)
Total  Municipal
Securities
 
Credit and
Liquidity 
Facilities(2)
 Total 
% of Total Municipal
Exposure
(Dollars in millions)Total Municipal
Securities
Credit and
Liquidity 
Facilities(2)
Total% of Total Municipal
Exposure
As of September 30, 2017      
June 30, 2021June 30, 2021
State of Issuer:State of Issuer:      State of Issuer:
Texas$1,774
 $1,764
 $3,538
 18%Texas$261 $2,200 $2,461 23 %
California461
 2,266
 2,727
 14
California110 2,0722,182 21 
New York743
 1,288
 2,031
 11
New York285 1,2571,542 15 
Massachusetts891
 992
 1,883
 10
Massachusetts374 7291,103 10 
Washington682
 327
 1,009
 5
TennesseeTennessee— 491 491 5 
Total$4,551
 $6,637
 $11,188
  Total$1,030 $6,749 $7,779 
       
As of December 31, 2016      
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020
State of Issuer:State of Issuer:      State of Issuer:
Texas$1,781
 $1,685
 $3,466
 18%Texas$268 $2,282 $2,550 23 %
California523
 2,298
 2,821
 14
California113 2,174 2,287 21 
New York740
 1,293
 2,033
 10
New York297 1,363 1,660 15 
Massachusetts916
 1,071
 1,987
 10
Massachusetts382 927 1,309 12 
Washington708
 234
 942
 5
Maryland488
 411
 899
 5
Total$5,156
 $6,992
 $12,148
  Total$1,060 $6,746 $7,806 
(1) Represented 5% or more of our aggregate municipal credit exposure of approximately $19.26$10.56 billion and $19.57$11.06 billion across our businesses as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively.
(2) Includes municipal loans which are also presented within Table 25.25: U.S. and Non-U.S. Loans.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Our aggregate municipal securities exposure presented in Table 23:24: State and Municipal Obligors, was concentrated primarily with highly-rated counterparties, with approximately 92%88% of the obligors rated “AAA” or “AA” as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. As of that date, approximately 49%23% and 50%77% of our aggregate municipal securities exposure was associated with general obligation and revenue bonds, respectively. The portfolios are also diversified geographically, with the states that represent our largest exposures widely dispersed across the U.S.
Impairment
Impairment exists when the fair value of an individual security is below its amortized cost basis. Impairment of a security is further assessed to determine whether such impairment is other-than-temporary. When the impairment is deemed to be other-than-temporary, we record the loss in our consolidated statement of income. In addition, for AFS and HTM debt securities, we record impairment in our consolidated statement of income when management intends to sell (or may be required to sell) the securities before they recover in value, or when management expects the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the securities to be less than the amortized cost of the impaired security (a credit loss).
The change in the net unrealized gain/(loss) position as of September 30, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016, presented in Table 24: Amortized Cost, Fair Value and Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) of Investment Securities, was primarily attributable to higher interest rates.
TABLE 24: AMORTIZED COST, FAIR VALUE AND NET UNREALIZED GAINS (LOSSES) OF INVESTMENT SECURITIES
 September 30, 2017
(In millions)Amortized Cost Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) Fair Value
Available-for-sale(1)
$55,882
 $356
 $56,238
Held-to-maturity(2)
36,850
 (14) 36,836
Total investment securities$92,732
 $342
 $93,074
Net after-tax unrealized gain (loss)  $205
  
      
 December 31, 2016
(In millions)Amortized Cost Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) Fair Value
Available-for-sale(1)
$62,056
 $(58) $61,998
Held-to-maturity(2)
35,169
 (175) 34,994
Total investment securities$97,225
 $(233) $96,992
Net after-tax unrealized gain (loss)  $(140)  
(1) AFS securities are carried at fair value, with after-tax net unrealized gains and losses recorded in AOCI.
(2) HTM securities are carried at amortized cost, and unrealized gains and losses are not recorded in our consolidated financial statements, other than for those that have been impaired.
We conduct periodic reviews of individual securities to assess whether OTTI exists. Our assessment of OTTI involves an evaluation of economic and security-specific factors. Such factors are based on estimates, derived by management, which contemplate current market conditions and security-specific performance. To the extent that market conditions are worse than management's expectations or due to idiosyncratic bond performance, OTTI could increase, in particular the credit-related component that would be recorded in our consolidated statement of income.
We recorded less than $1 million of OTTI in the third quarter of 2017 and $2 million in the third quarter of 2016. Management considers the aggregate decline in fair value of the remaining investment securities and the resulting gross unrealized losses of $434 million as of September 30, 2017 to be temporary and not the result of any material changes in the credit characteristics of the securities. Additional information with respect to OTTI, net impairment losses and gross unrealized losses is provided in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
Our evaluation of potential OTTI of structured credit securities with collateral in the U.K. and Italy takes into account the outcome from the Brexit referendum and the Italian constitutional referendum, and assumes no disruption of payments on these securities.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Additional information with respect to our assessment of impairment of our municipal securities is provided in Note 3to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
Loans
TABLE 25: U.S. AND NON- U.S. LOANS
(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Domestic(1):
Commercial and financial:
Fund Finance(2)
$12,029 $11,531 
Leveraged loans3,385 2,923 
Overdrafts2,196 1,894 
Other(3)
2,056 2,688 
Commercial real estate2,334 2,096 
Total domestic22,000 21,132 
Foreign(1):
Commercial and financial:
Fund Finance(2)
6,003 4,432 
Leveraged loans1,169 1,242 
Overdrafts1,532 1,088 
Other(3)
— 31 
Total foreign8,704 6,793 
Total loans(2)(4)
30,704 27,925 
Allowance for loan losses(100)(122)
Loans, net of allowance$30,604 $27,803 
(1) Domestic and Leasesforeign categorization is based on the borrower’s country of domicile.
(2) Fund finance loans include primarily $6,419 million loans to real money funds, $8,710 million private equity capital call finance loans, $1,043 million loans to business development companies and $1,580 million collateralized loan obligations in loan form, as of June 30, 2021, compared to $6,391 million loans to real money funds, $8,380 million private equity capital call finance loans and $821 million loans to business development companies as of December 31, 2020.
TABLE 25: U.S. AND NON- U.S. LOANS AND LEASES
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Domestic:   
Commercial and financial$18,273
 $16,412
Commercial real estate—
 27
Lease financing283
 338
Total domestic18,556
 16,777
Non-U.S.:   
Commercial and financial4,652
 2,476
Lease financing430
 504
Total non-U.S.5,082
 2,980
Total loans and leases$23,638
 $19,757
(3) Includes $1,406 million securities finance loans, $629 million loans to municipalities and $21 million other loans as of June 30, 2021 and $1,911 million securities finance loans, $754 million loans to municipalities and $54 million other loans as of December 31, 2020.
(4) As of June 30, 2021, excluding overdrafts, floating rate loans totaled $24,477 million and fixed rate loans totaled $2,497 million.
The increase in foreign loans in the commercial and financial segment as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 compared to December 31, 20162020 was primarily driven by higher levelsthe purchase of loans$1,580 million collateralized loan obligations in loan form in the second quarter of 2021. In the second quarter of 2021, in addition to our CLOs in the investment funds and loans to municipalities.portfolio, we began purchasing CLOs in loan form.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, our investment in senior securedleveraged loans totaled approximately $3.9$4.55 billion and $3.5$4.17 billion, respectively. We sold $21 million of leveraged loans in the second quarter of 2021, of which $16 million remained unsettled and was held for sale as of June 30, 2021.
In addition, we had binding unfunded commitments as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 20162020 of $332$541 million and $76$149 million, respectively, to participate in such syndications. Additional information about these unfunded commitments is
provided in Note 9 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
These senior securedleveraged loans, which are primarily rated “speculative” under our internal risk-rating framework (refer to Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q), are externally rated “BBB,” “BB” or “B,” with approximately 90%88% and 85% of the loans rated “BB” or “B” as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016. Information about our internal risk-rating framework is provided in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.2020, respectively. Our investment strategy involves generally limiting our investment to larger, more liquid credits underwritten by major global financial institutions, applying our internal credit analysis process to each potential investment and diversifying our exposure by counterparty and industry segment. However, these loans have significant exposure to credit losses relative to higher-rated loans.
Loans to municipalities includedloans in the commercial and financial segment were $2.0 billion and $1.4 billion as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, unearned income deducted from our investment in leveraged lease financing was $77 million and $94 million, respectively, for U.S. leases and $161 million and $192 million, respectively, for non-U.S. leases.portfolio.
Additional information about all of our loan-and-leasesloan segments, as well as underlying classes, is
provided in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
No loans were modified in troubled debt restructurings during the nine months ended Septemberas of both June 30, 20172021 and the year ended December 31, 2016.2020.
Allowance for credit losses
TABLE 26: ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES
TABLE 26: ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSESTABLE 26: ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
Nine Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)2017 2016(In millions)20212020
Allowance for loan and lease losses:   
Allowance for credit losses:Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance$53
 $46
Beginning balance$148 $93 
Provision for loan and lease losses(1)
4
 8
Provision for credit losses (funded commitments)(1)
Provision for credit losses (funded commitments)(1)
(19)86 
Provisions for credit losses (unfunded commitments)Provisions for credit losses (unfunded commitments)(3)(1)
Provisions for credit losses (held-to-maturity securities and all other)Provisions for credit losses (held-to-maturity securities and all other)(2)3 
Charge-offs(2)
—
 (3)
Charge-offs(2)
(1)(19)
Currency translationCurrency translation(2)1 
Ending balance$57
 $51
Ending balance$121 $163 
(1) The provision for loan and leasecredit losses is primarily related to commercial and financial loans in the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.loans.
(2) The charge-offs are related to commercial and financial loans.
The provision for credit losses related to loans and other financial assets held at amortized cost, including investment securities classified as HTM and off-balance sheet commitments, was a $15 million and $24 million reserve release in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, compared to $52 million and $88 million reserve build in the same periods in 2020, respectively.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, approximately $49$74 million of our allowance for loan and leasecredit losses werewas related to senior securedleveraged loans included in the commercial and financial segment.segment compared to $113 million as of June 30, 2020. The reduction in the allowance in the second quarter of 2021 reflects a positive shift in
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management's economic outlook. As this portfolio growsour view on current and matures,future economic scenarios change, our allowance for loan and leasecredit losses related to these loans may increasebe impacted through additionala change to the provisions for credit losses.losses, reflecting credit migration within our loan portfolio, as well as changes in management's economic outlook as of year-end. The remaining $9$47 million and $50 million as of June 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, was related to other componentsloans, commercial real estate loans, off-balance sheet commitments and other financial assets held at amortized cost, including investment securities held to maturity.
An allowance for credit losses is recognized on HTM securities upon acquisition of commercialthe security, and on AFS securities when the fair value and expected future cash flows of the investment securities are less than their amortized cost basis. Our assessment of impairment involves an evaluation of economic and security-specific factors. Such factors are based on estimates, derived by management, which contemplate current market conditions and security-specific performance. To the extent that market conditions are worse than management's expectations or due to idiosyncratic bond performance, the credit-related component of impairment, in particular, could increase and would be recorded in the provision for credit losses. Additional information with respect to the allowance for credit losses, net impairment losses and gross unrealized losses is provided in Note 3 to the consolidated financial loans.statements in this Form 10-Q.
Cross-Border Outstandings
Cross-border outstandings are amounts payable to us by non-U.S. counterparties which are denominated in U.S. dollars or other non-local currency, as well as non-U.S. local currency claims not funded by local currency liabilities. Our cross-border outstandings consist primarily of deposits with banks; loans and lease financing, including short-duration advances; investment securities; amounts related to foreign exchangeFX and interest-rateinterest rate contracts; and securities finance. In addition to credit risk, cross-border outstandings have the risk that, as a result of political or economic conditions in a country, borrowers may be unable to meet their contractual repayment obligations of principal and/or interest when due because of the unavailability of, or restrictions on, foreign exchangeFX needed by borrowers to repay their obligations.
As market and economic conditions change, the major independent credit rating agencies may downgrade U.S. and non-U.S. financial institutions and sovereign issuers which have been, and may in the future be, significant counterparties to us, or whose financial instruments serve as collateral on which we rely for credit risk mitigation purposes, and may do so again in the future. As a result, we may be

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exposed to increased counterparty risk, leading to negative ratings volatility.
The cross-border outstandings presented in Table 27: Cross-Border Outstandings,Cross-border outstandings, represented approximately 30%27% and 28%30% of our consolidated total assets as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively.
TABLE 27: CROSS-BORDER OUTSTANDINGS(1)
(In millions)
Investment Securities and Other Assets 
 Derivatives and Securities on Loan Total Cross-Border Outstandings
September 30, 2017 
    
United Kingdom$17,808
 $1,225
 $19,033
Germany18,727
 267
 18,994
Japan15,607
 674
 16,281
Australia5,344
 631
 5,975
Canada4,334
 1,060
 5,394
France2,273
 300
 2,573
Switzerland2,023
 457
 2,480
December 31, 2016   
  
United Kingdom$18,712
 $1,761
 $20,473
Japan17,922
 1,171
 19,093
Germany13,812
 484
 14,296
Australia5,122
 986
 6,108
Luxembourg3,389
 762
 4,151
Canada3,179
 781
 3,960
TABLE 27: CROSS-BORDER OUTSTANDINGS(1)
(In millions)
Investment Securities and Other Assets 
Derivatives and Securities on LoanTotal Cross-Border Outstandings
June 30, 2021  
Germany$28,810 $258 $29,068 
United Kingdom17,992 1,200 19,192 
Australia11,005 1,060 12,065 
Luxembourg5,799 2,041 7,840 
Canada6,675 907 7,582 
Japan6,785 479 7,264 
Ireland2,684 2,770 5,454 
December 31, 2020 
United Kingdom$18,880 $1,797 $20,677 
Japan19,537 560 20,097 
Germany18,734 2,163 20,897 
Canada5,997 3,113 9,110 
Australia5,790 2,908 8,698 
Luxembourg5,036 2,148 7,184 
France3,586 3,010 6,596 
(1) Cross-border outstandings included countries in which we do business, and which amounted to at least 1% of our consolidated total assets as of the dates indicated.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, aggregate cross-border outstandings in countries whichFrance amounted to between 0.75% and 1% of our consolidated assets, totaledat approximately $2.15 billion to Netherlands.$3.15 billion. As of December 31, 2016,2020, aggregate cross-border outstandings in countries whicheach of Switzerland and Ireland amounted to between 0.75% and 1% of our consolidated assets, totaledat approximately $1.84$3.13 billion and $2.38$2.93 billion, to France and the Netherlands, respectively.
Risk Management
In the normal course of our global business activities, we are exposed to a variety of risks, some inherent in the financial services industry, others more specific to our business activities. Our risk management framework focuses on material risks, which include the following:
•credit and counterparty risk;
•liquidity risk, funding and management;
•operational risk;
•information technology risk;
•market risk associated with our trading activities;
•market risk associated with our non-trading activities, which we refer to as asset-and-liability management, and which consists primarily of interest-rateinterest rate risk;
strategic risk;
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•model risk;
•strategic risk; and
•reputational, fiduciary and business conduct risk.
Many of these risks, as well as certain of the factors underlying each of these risks that could affect our businesses and our consolidated financial statements, are discussed in detail on pages 24 to 52 included under Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
For additional information about our risk management, including our risk appetite framework and risk governance committee structure, refer to pages 8085 to 8589 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Risk Management, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Credit Risk Management
We define credit risk as the risk of financial loss if a counterparty, borrower or obligor, collectively referred to as a counterparty, is either unable or unwilling to repay borrowings or settle a transaction in accordance with underlying contractual terms. We assume credit risk in our traditional non-trading lending activities, such as overdrafts, loans and contingent commitments, in our investment securities portfolio, where recourse to a counterparty exists, and in our direct and indirect trading activities, such as securities purchased under a resale agreement, principal securities lending and foreign exchangeFX and indemnified agency securities lending. We also assume credit risk in our day-to-day treasury and securities and other settlement operations, in the form of deposit placements and other cash balances, with central banks or private sector institutions.     institutions and fees receivables.
Allowance for Credit Losses
We maintain an allowance for credit losses to support our financial assets held at amortized cost. We also maintain an allowance for unfunded commitments and letters of credit to support our off-balance sheet credit exposure. The two components together represent the allowance for credit losses. Review and evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is ongoing throughout the year, but occurs at least quarterly, and is based, among other factors, on our evaluation of the level of risk in the portfolio and the estimated effects of our forecasts on our counterparties. We utilize multiple economic scenarios, consisting of a baseline, upside and downside scenarios, to develop management's forecast of future expected losses.
The economic forecast utilized in the second quarter of 2021 reflects a positive shift in management's economic outlook. Allowance
estimates remain subject to continued model and economic uncertainty and management may use qualitative adjustments. If future data and forecasts deviate relative to the forecasts utilized to determine our allowance for credit losses as of June 30, 2021, or if credit risk migration is higher or lower than forecasted for reasons independent of the economic forecast, our allowance for credit losses will also change.
Additional information about the allowance for credit losses is provided in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
For additional information about our credit risk management framework, including our core policies and principles, structure and organization, credit ratings, risk parameter estimates, credit risk mitigation, credit limits, reporting, monitoring controls and reserve for credit losses,controls, refer to pages 8589 to 9094 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Credit Risk Management, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Liquidity Risk Management
Our liquidity framework contemplates areas of potential risk based on our activities, size and other appropriate risk-related factors. In managing liquidity risk we employ limits, maintain established metrics and early warning indicators and perform routine stress testing to identify potential liquidity needs. This process involves the evaluation of a combination of internal and external scenarios which assist us in measuring our liquidity position and in identifying potential increases in cash needs or decreases in available sources of cash, as well as the potential impairment of our ability to access the global capital markets.

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We manage our liquidity on a global, consolidated basis. We also manage liquidity on a stand-alone basis at theour Parent Company, as well as at certain branches and subsidiaries of State Street Bank. State Street Bank generally has access to markets and funding sources limited to banks, such as the federal funds market and the Federal Reserve's discount window. OurThe Parent Company is managed to a more conservative liquidity profile, reflecting narrower market access. OurAdditionally, the Parent Company typically holds, or has direct access to, primarily through SSIF, a direct subsidiary of the Parent Company, and the support agreement, as discussed in the "Uses of Liquidity" section of this Management's Discussion and Analysis, enough cash to meet its current debt maturities and cash needs, as well as those projected over the next one-year period. As of September 30, 2017, the value of our Parent Company's net liquid assets decreased to $0.57 billion from $3.64 billion as of December 31, 2016. The decrease was due to the funding of SSIF in connection withReference our SPOE Strategy as discussed in the "Uses of Liquidity" section of this Management's Discussion and Analysis. Absent certain triggers reflecting financial distress at the Parent Company, the liquidity transferred to liquid assets available at
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SSIF continuescontinue to be available to the Parent Company. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, our Parent Company and State Street Bank had approximately $1 billion ofno senior notes and junioror subordinated debentures outstanding that will mature in the next twelve months.
As a systemically important financial institution, our liquidity risk management activities are subject to heightened and evolving regulatory requirements, including interpretations of those requirements, under specific U.S. and international regulations and also resulting from published and unpublished guidance, supervisory activities, such as stress tests, resolution planning, examinations and other regulatory interactions. Satisfaction of these requirements could, in some cases, result in changes in the composition of our investment portfolio, reduced NII or NIM, a reduction in the level of certain business activities or modifications to the way in which we deliver our products and services. If we fail to meet regulatory requirements to the satisfaction of our regulators, we could receive negative regulatory stress test results, incur a resolution plan deficiency or determination of a non-credible resolution plan or otherwise receive an adverse regulatory finding. Our efforts to satisfy, or our failure to satisfy, these regulatory requirements could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.
For additional information on our liquidity risk management, as well as liquidity risk metrics, refer to page 91pages 94 to 99 included under Item 7, Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation,Operations, Liquidity Risk Management, in our 20162020 Form 10-K. For additional information on our liquidity ratios, including LCR and NSFR,the net stable funding ratio, refer to pages 7 and 8page 14 included under Item 1, Business, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Asset Liquidity
Central to the management of our liquidity is asset liquidity, which consists primarily of unencumbered highlyHQLA. HQLA is the amount of liquid securities, cash and cash equivalents reported on our consolidated statement of condition. We restrictassets that qualify for inclusion in the eligibility of securitiesLCR. As a banking organization, we are subject to be characterized as asset liquidity to U.S. Government and federal agency securities (including MBS), selected non-U.S. Government and supranational securities as well as certain other high-quality securities which generally are more liquid than other types of assets even in times of stress. In 2014,a minimum LCR under the LCR rule approved by U.S. banking regulators issued a final rule to implement the BCBS' LCR in the United States.regulators. The LCR is intended to promote the short-term resilience of internationally active banking organizations, like State Street,us, to improve the banking industry's ability to absorb shocks arising from market stress over a 30 calendar day period and improve the measurement and management of liquidity risk. The LCR measures an institution’s HQLA against its net cash outflows. HQLA primarily consists of unencumbered cash and certain high quality liquid securities that qualify for inclusion under the LCR rule. The LCR was fully implemented beginning on January 1, 2017. We report LCR to the Federal Reserve daily. In addition, in December 2016,For the Federal Reserve issued a final rule requiring large banking organizations, including us, to publicly disclose certain qualitative and quantitative information about their LCR. We were required to comply with the disclosure requirements beginning on April 1, 2017. As of September
quarters ended June 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016, our2020, daily average LCR for the Parent Company was 104% and 108%, respectively, with the lower daily average LCR for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 driven primarily by higher deposits, the maturity of long-term debt and the use of cash to facilitate common share repurchases. The impact of higher deposits on the Parent Company's LCR is offset by a cap on the HQLA from State Street Bank and Trust that can be recognized at the Parent Company as defined in excessthe U.S. LCR Final Rule as it prohibits the upstreaming of 100%. With the release of the new disclosure requirements, we are now presenting average quarterly HQLA balances versus our historical presentation of the period end balances.liquidity under stress. The average HQLA for ourthe Parent Company under the LCR final rule definition was $67.23$169.11 billion and $87.20$143.61 billion, post-prescribed haircuts, as of Septemberfor the quarters ended June 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively.
TABLE 28: COMPONENTS OF AVERAGE HQLA BY TYPE OF ASSET
  Quarters Ended
(In millions) September 30,
2017		 December 31, 2016
Excess central bank balances $38,222
 $48,407
U.S. Treasuries 10,804
 17,770
Other investment securities 11,796
 15,442
Foreign government 6,409
 5,585
Total $67,231
 $87,204
With respect The increase in average HQLA for the quarter ended June 30, 2021, compared to highly liquid short-term investments presentedthe quarter ended December 31, 2020, was primarily due to a higher level of client deposits. For the quarter ended June 30, 2021, LCR for State Street Bank and Trust was approximately 131%. State Street Bank and Trust's LCR is higher than the Parent Company's LCR, primarily due to application of the transferability restriction in the preceding table, we

LCR Final Rule to the calculation of the Parent Company's LCR. This restriction limits the HQLA used in the calculation of the Parent Company's LCR to the amount of net cash outflows of its principal banking subsidiary (State Street Bank and Trust). This transferability restriction does not apply in the calculation of State Street Corporation | 30Bank and Trust's LCR, and therefore State Street Bank and Trust's LCR reflects the benefit of all of its HQLA holdings.

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We maintained average cash balances in excess of regulatory requirements governing deposits with the Federal Reserve of approximately $38.22$96.82 billion at the Federal Reserve, the ECB and other non-U.S. central banks compared to $48.41for the quarter ended June 30, 2021, and $75.68 billion as offor the quarter ended December 31, 2016.2020. The lowerhigher levels of depositsaverage cash balances with central banks asreflect higher levels ofquarter-endSeptember 30, 2017 compared to quarter-end December 31, 2016 was due to normal deposit volatility. The decrease in other investment securities as of September 30, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016, presented in the table above, was primarily associated with repositioning the investment portfolio in light of the liquidity requirements of the LCR. client deposits.
Liquid securities carried in our asset liquidity include securities pledged without corresponding advances from the FRBB,Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (FRBB), the FHLB, and other non-U.S. central banks. State Street Bank is a member of the FHLB. This membership allows for advances of liquidity in varying terms against high-quality collateral, which helps facilitate asset-and-liability management. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had no outstanding borrowings from the FHLB.
Access to primary, intra-day and contingent liquidity provided by these utilities is an important source of contingent liquidity with utilization subject to underlying conditions. As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and
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December 31, 2016,2020, we had no outstanding primary credit borrowings from the FRBB discount window or any other central bank facility, and as of the same dates, no FHLB advances were outstanding.facility.
In addition to the securities included in our asset liquidity, we have significant amounts of other unencumbered investment securities. The aggregate fair value of those securities was $38.05 billion as of September 30, 2017, compared to $54.40 billion as of December 31, 2016. These securities are available sources of liquidity, although not as rapidly deployed as those included in our asset liquidity.
The average fair value of total unencumbered securities was $97.02 billion for the quarter ended June 30, 2021, compared to $89.12 billion for the quarter ended December 31, 2020.
Uses of Liquidity
Significant uses of our liquidity could result from the following: withdrawals of client deposits; draw-downs by our custody clients of lines of credit; advances to clients to settle securities transactions; increases in our investment and loan portfolios; or other permitted purposes. Such circumstances would generally arise under stress conditions including deterioration in credit ratings. A recurring significant use of our liquidity involves our deployment of HQLA from our investment portfolio to post collateral to financial institutions serving as sources of securities under our enhanced custody program.
We had unfunded commitments to extend credit with gross contractual amounts totaling $27.01$34.97 billion and $26.99$34.21 billion and standby letters of credit totaling $3.47 billion and $3.33 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively. These amounts do not reflect the value of any collateral. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, approximately 73%71% of our
unfunded commitments to extend credit and 27% of our standby letters of credit expire within one year. Since many of our commitments are expected to expire or renew without being drawn upon, the gross contractual amounts do not necessarily represent our future cash requirements.
Resolution Planning
State Street, like other bank holding companies with total consolidated assets of $50 billion or more, periodically submits a plan for rapid and orderly resolution in the event of material financial distress or failure-commonlyfailure, commonly referred to as a resolution plan or a living will-towill, to the Federal Reserve and the FDIC under Section 165(d) of the Dodd-Frank Act. Through resolution planning, we seek, in the event of theour insolvency, of State Street, to maintain State Street Bank’s role as a key infrastructure provider within the financial system, while minimizing risk to the financial system and maximizing value for the benefit of our stakeholders. We have and will continue to focus management attention and resources to meet regulatory expectations with respect to resolution planning.
We submitted our 2017 resolution plan describing our preferred resolution strategy to the
The Federal Reserve and FDIC jointly issued a final rule that was published in the Federal Register on November 1, 2019. This final rule revised the implementation requirements under the Dodd Frank Act's resolution planning provisions by means of establishing a biennial filing cycle for the U.S. G-SIBs, including State Street. This cycle alternates between a targeted resolution plan, followed two years later by a full resolution plan. The Agencies published on June 30, 2017. Subsequently,29, 2020 the Federal Reserve and FDIC extendedscope for the next2021 targeted resolution plan, filing deadline for eight large domestic banks, including State Street, to include the core elements of resolution planning and some specific firm level information, as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We submitted our 2021 targeted resolution plan to the Agencies on July 1, 2019. The agencies' review of the 2017 resolution plans is on-going and the extension does not affect any actions the agencies may take concerning our resolution plan.2021.
In the event of material financial distress or failure, our preferred resolution strategy is the SPOE Strategy. For additional information about the SPOE Strategy, refer to pages 11 and 1218 to 20 included under Item 1, Business, in our 20162020 Form 10-K. The SPOE Strategy provides that prior to the bankruptcy of the Parent Company and pursuant to a support agreement among the Parent Company, SSIF, (a recently formed direct subsidiary of the Parent Company), State Street’sour Beneficiary Entities (as defined below) and certain other State Streetof our entities, SSIF is obligated, up to its available resources, to recapitalize and/or provide liquidity to State Street Bank and theour other State Street entities benefiting from such capital and/or liquidity (collectively with State Street Bank, “Beneficiary Entities”), in amounts designed to prevent the Beneficiary Entities from themselves entering into resolution proceedings. Following the recapitalization of, or provision of liquidity to the Beneficiary Entities, the Parent Company would enter into a bankruptcy proceeding under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. The Beneficiary Entities and other State Streetour subsidiaries would be transferred to a newly organized holding company

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held by a reorganization trust for the benefit of the Parent Company’s claimants.
Under the support agreement, the Parent Company has pre-funded SSIF by contributing certain of its assets (primarily its liquid assets, cash deposits, debt investments, investments in marketable securities and other cash and non-cash equivalent investments) to SSIF contemporaneous with entering into the support agreement and will continue to contribute such assets, to the extent available, on an on-going basis. In consideration for these contributions, SSIF has agreed in the support agreement to provide capital and liquidity support to the Parent Company and all of the Beneficiary Entities in accordance with the Parent Company’s capital and liquidity policies. Under the support agreement, the Parent Company is only permitted to retain certain amounts of cash needed to meet its upcoming obligations and to fund expenses during a potential bankruptcy proceeding. SSIF has provided the Parent Company with a committed credit line and
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issued (and may issue) one or more promissory notes to the Parent Company (the "ParentParent Company Funding Notes")Notes) that together are intended to allow State Streetus to continue to meet itsour obligations throughout the period prior to the occurrence of a "Recapitalization Event" (as defined below). The support agreement does not contemplate that SSIF is obligated to maintain any specific level of resources and SSIF may not have sufficient resources to implement the SPOE Strategy.
In the event a Recapitalization Event occurs, the obligations outstanding under the Parent Company Funding Notes would automatically convert into or be exchanged for capital contributed to SSIF. The obligations of the Parent Company and SSIF under the support agreement are secured through a security agreement that grants a lien on the assets that the Parent Company and SSIF would use to fulfill their obligations under the support agreement to the Beneficiary Entities. SSIF is a distinct legal entity separate from the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s other affiliates.
In accordance with its policies, State Street iswe are required to monitor, on an ongoing basis, the capital and liquidity needs of State Street Bank and the other Beneficiary Entities. To support this process, State Street haswe have established a trigger framework that identifies key actions that would need to be taken or decisions that would need to be made if certain events tied to State Street’sour financial condition occur. In the event that State Street experienceswe experience material financial distress, the support agreement requires State Streetus to model and calculate certain capital and liquidity triggers on a regular basis to determine whether or not the Parent Company should
commence preparations for a bankruptcy filing and whether or not a Recapitalization Event has occurred.
Upon the occurrence of a Recapitalization Event: (1) SSIF would not be authorized to provide any further liquidity to the Parent Company; (2) the Parent Company would be required to contribute to SSIF any remaining assets it is required to contribute to SSIF under the support agreement; (3) the Parent Company would be expected to commence Chapter 11 proceedings under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code; and (4) SSIF would be required to provide capital and liquidity support to the Beneficiary Entities to support such entities’ continued operation.operation; and (4) the Parent Company would be expected to commence Chapter 11 proceedings under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. No person or entity, other than a party to the support agreement, should rely, including in evaluating any State Street entityof our entities from a creditor's perspective or determining whether to enter into a contractual relationship with any State Street entity,of our entities, on any State Street affiliateof our affiliates being or remaining a Beneficiary Entity or receiving capital or liquidity support pursuant to the support agreement.
A “Recapitalization Event” is defined under the support agreement as the earlier occurrence of one or more capital and liquidity thresholds being breached or the authorization by the Parent Company's Board of Directors for the Parent Company to commence bankruptcy proceedings. These thresholds are set at levels intended to provide for the availability of sufficient capital and liquidity to enable an orderly resolution without extraordinary government support. The SPOE Strategy and the obligations under the support agreement may result in the recapitalization of State Street Bank and the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings by the Parent Company at an earlier stage of financial stress than might otherwise occur without such mechanisms in place. An expected effect of the SPOE Strategy and applicable TLAC regulatory requirements is that State Street’s losses will be imposed on the Parent Company shareholders and the holders of long-term debt and other forms of TLAC securities currently outstanding or issued in the future by the Parent Company, as well as on any other Parent Company creditors, before any of its losses are imposed on the holders of the debt securities of the Parent Company's operating subsidiaries or any of their depositors or creditors, or before U.S. taxpayers are put at risk.
There can be no assurance that credit rating agencies, in response to our 20172021 resolution plan or the support agreement, will not downgrade, place on negative watch or change their outlook on our debt credit ratings, generally or on specific debt securities. Any such downgrade, placement on negative watch or change in outlook could adversely affect our cost of borrowing, limit our access to the capital markets or result in restrictive covenants in future debt

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agreements and could also adversely impact the trading prices, or the liquidity, of our outstanding debt securities.
State Street Bank is also required to submit, annually to theperiodically in accordance with applicable regulations and FDIC guidance, a plan for resolution in the event of its failure, referred to as an Insured Depository Institution (IDI) plan. On April 22, 2019, the Federal Register published the FDIC’s advance notice of proposed rulemaking in which it invited comment on potential revisions to its IDI plan. Theplan requirements. In addition to this advance notice of proposed rulemaking, on April 16, 2019, the FDIC has extended the date forBoard voted to delay the next IDI plan submission to July 1, 2018. This IDI plan will satisfy the annual plan submission requirementsround of submissions under the IDI Rule until the rulemaking process has been completed. On June 25, 2021, the FDIC issued a statement adjusting the timing of IDI plan submissions to a triennial filing for 2016, 2017State Street and 2018.the other U.S. G-SIBs.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
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Funding
Deposits
We provide products and services including custody, accounting, administration, daily pricing, foreign exchangeFX services, cash management, financial asset management, securities finance and investment advisory services. As a provider of these products and services, we generate client deposits, which have generally provided a stable, low-cost source of funds. As a global custodian, clients place deposits with State Streetour entities in various currencies. As of Septemberboth June 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, approximately 60%65% of our average clienttotal deposit balances were denominated in U.S. dollars.
Fordollars, approximately 15% in EUR, 10% in the past several years, we have frequently experienced higher client deposit inflows toward the end of each fiscal quarter or the end of the fiscal year. As a result, we believe average client deposit balances are more reflective of ongoing funding than period-end balances.
TABLE 29: TOTAL DEPOSITS
   Average Balance
 September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)2017 2016 2017 2016
Client deposits$176,263
 $183,900
 $159,564
 $153,612
Wholesale CDs3,000
 14,865
 5,160
 15,595
Total deposits$179,263
 $198,765
 $164,724
 $169,207
British pound Sterling (GBP) and 10% in all other currencies.
Short-Term Funding
Our on-balance sheet liquid assets are also an integral component of our liquidity management strategy. These assets provide liquidity through maturities of the assets, but more importantly, they provide us with the ability to raise funds by pledging the securities as collateral for borrowings or through outright sales. In addition, our access to the global capital markets gives us the ability to source incremental funding at reasonable rates of interest from wholesale investors. As discussed earlier under “Asset Liquidity,” State Street Bank's membership in the FHLB allows for advances of liquidity with varying terms against high-quality collateral.
Short-term secured funding also comes in the form of securities lent or sold under agreements to repurchase. These transactions are short-term in nature, generally overnight and are collateralized by high-quality investment securities. These balances were $3.86$0.66 billion and $4.40$3.41 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively.
State Street Bank currently maintains a line of credit with a financial institution of CAD 1.40$1.40 billion, or approximately $1.12$1.13 billion, as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, to support its Canadian securities processing operations. The line of credit has no stated termination date and is cancelable by either party with prior notice. As of Septemberboth June 30, 2017,2021 and December 31, 2020, there was no balance outstanding on this line of credit.
Long-Term Funding
State Street Corporation maintains an effectiveWe have the ability to issue debt and equity securities under our current universal shelf registration statement that allowsto meet current commitments and business needs, including accommodating the transaction and cash management needs of our clients. The total amount remaining for issuance under the public offering and saleregistration statement is $6.15 billion as of debt securities, capital securities, common stock, depositary shares and preferred stock, and warrants to purchase such securities, including any shares into which the preferred stock and depositary shares may be convertible, or any combination thereof. We have issued in the past, and we may issue in the future, securities pursuant to our shelf registration statement. The issuance of debt or equity securities will depend on future market conditions, funding needs and other factors.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021. In addition, State Street Bank hadalso
has current authorization from the Board authority to issue up to $5 billion in unsecured senior debt securities from time to time, provided that thedebt.
On March 3, 2021, we issued $850 million aggregate principal amount of such unsecured senior debt outstanding at any one time does not exceed $5 billion. As of September 30, 2017, $3.25 billion was available for issuance pursuant to this authority. As of September 30, 2017, State Street Bank also had Board authority to issue an additional $500 million of subordinated debt.2.200% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2031.
Agency Credit Ratings
Our ability to maintain consistent access to liquidity is fostered by the maintenance of high investment-gradeinvestment grade ratings as measured by the major independent credit rating agencies. Factors essential to maintaining high credit ratings include:
•diverse and stable core earnings;
•relative market position;
•strong risk management;
•strong capital ratios;
•diverse liquidity sources, including the global capital markets and client deposits;
•strong liquidity monitoring procedures; and

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•preparedness for current or future regulatory developments.
High ratings limit borrowing costs and enhance our liquidity by:
•providing assurance for unsecured funding and depositors;
•increasing the potential market for our debt and improving our ability to offer products;
•serving markets; and
•engaging in transactions in which clients value high credit ratings.
A downgrade or reduction of our credit ratings could have a material adverse effect on our liquidity by restricting our ability to access the capital markets, which could increase the related cost of funds. In turn, this could cause the sudden and large-scale withdrawal of unsecured deposits by our clients, which could lead to draw-downs of unfunded commitments to extend credit or trigger requirements under securities purchase commitments; or require additional collateral or force terminations of certain trading derivative contracts.
A majority of our derivative contracts have been entered into under bilateral agreements with counterparties who may require us to post collateral or terminate the transactions based on changes in our credit ratings. We assess the impact of these arrangements by determining the collateral that would be required assuming a downgrade by all rating agencies. The additional collateral or termination payments related to our net derivative liabilities under these arrangements that could have been called by counterparties in the event of a downgrade in our credit ratings below levels specified in the agreements is disclosedprovided in Note 7 to the consolidated
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
financial statements included in this Form 10-Q. Other funding sources, such as secured financing transactions and other margin requirements, for which there are no explicit triggers, could also be adversely affected.
Operational Risk Management
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems or from external events. Operational risk encompasses fiduciary
In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we continue to have business continuity arrangements in place across our operating locations, and we, and a significant percentage of our key service providers, are operating significantly or entirely in a work from home environment. The current operating environment increases operational risk and legal risk. Fiduciaryinformation technology risk, is defined as the risk that State Street fails to properly exercise its fiduciary duties in its provision of products or services to clients. Legal risk is the risk of loss resulting from failure to comply with laws and contractual obligations as well as prudent ethical standards in business practices in addition to exposure to litigation from all aspects of State Street’s activities.including cyber-threats. See also “Information Technology Risk Management” below.
For additional information about our operational risk framework, refer to pages 95100 to 98103 included
under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, "Operational Risk Management", in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Information Technology Risk Management
We define information technology risk as the risk associated with the use, ownership, operation, involvement, influence and adoption of information technology. Information technology risk includes risks triggered by technology non-compliance with regulatory obligations, information security and privacy incidents, business disruption, technology internal control and process gaps, technology operational events and adoption of new business technologies.
For additional information about our information technology risk framework and associated risks, refer to pages 103 to 104 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, "Information Technology Risk Management" in our 2020 Form 10-K, and pages 48 to 49 included under Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our 2020 Form 10-K - "Any failures of or damage to, attack on or unauthorized access to our information technology systems or facilities or disruptions to our continuous operations, including the systems, facilities or operations of third parties with which we do business, such as resulting from cyber-attacks, could result in significant costs, reputational damage and limits on our ability to conduct our business activities".
Market Risk Management
Market risk is defined by U.S. banking regulators as the risk of loss that could result from broad market movements, such as changes in the general level of
interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates or commodity prices. We are exposed to market risk in both our trading and certain of our non-trading, or asset-and-liability management, activities.
Information about the market risk associated with our trading activities is provided below under “Trading Activities.” Information about the market risk associated with our non-trading activities, which consists primarily of interest-rateinterest rate risk, is provided below under “Asset-and-Liability Management Activities.”
Trading Activities
In the conduct of our trading activities, we assume market risk, the level of which is a function of our overall risk appetite, business objectives and liquidity needs, our clients' requirements and market volatility and our execution against those factors.
For additional information about the market risk associated with our trading activities, refer to pages 98104 to 99105 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, "Market Risk Management" in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
As part of our trading activities, we assume positions in the foreign exchange and interest-rateinterest rate markets by buying and selling cash instruments and entering into derivative instruments, including foreign exchange forward contracts, foreign exchange and interest-rateinterest rate options and interest-rateinterest rate swaps, interest-rateinterest rate forward contracts and interest-rateinterest rate futures. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the notional amount of these derivative contracts was $1.67$2.75 trillion, of which $1.65$2.73 trillion was composed of foreign exchange forward, swap and spot contracts. We seek to match positions closely with the objective of minimizingmitigating related currency and interest-rateinterest rate risk. All foreign exchange contracts are valued daily at current market rates.
Value-at-Risk Stress Testing and Stressed VaR
We use a variety of risk measurement tools and methodologies, including VaR, which is an estimate of potential loss for a given period within a stated statistical confidence interval. We use a risk measurement methodology to measure trading-related VaR daily. We have adopted standards for measuring trading-related VaR, and we maintain regulatory capital for market risk associated with our trading activities in conformity with currently applicable bank regulatory market risk requirements. Our regulatory VaR-based measure is calculated based on historical volatilities of market risk factors during a two-year observation period calibrated to a one-tail, 99% confidence interval and a ten-business-day holding period.


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We calculate a stressed VaR-based measure using the same model we use to calculate VaR, but with model inputs calibrated to historical data from a range of continuous twelve-month periods that reflect significant financial stress. The stressed VaR model is designed to identify the second-worst outcome occurring in the worst continuous one-year rolling period since July 2007. This stressed VaR meets the regulatory requirement as the rolling ten-day period with an outcome that is worse than 99% of other outcomes during that twelve-month period of financial stress. For each portfolio, the stress period is determined algorithmically by seeking the one-year time horizon that produces the largest ten-business-day VaR from within the available historical data. This historical data set includes the financial crisis of 2008, the highly volatile period surrounding the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis and the Standard & Poor's downgrade of U.S. Treasury debt in August 2011. As the historical data set used to determine the stress period expands over time, future market stress events will be incorporated.
For additional information about our VaR measurement tools and methodologies, refer to pages 101107 to 104110 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, "Value-at-Risk and Stressed VaR" in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Stress Testing and Stressed VaR
We have a corporate-wide stress testing program in place that incorporates an array of techniques to measure the potential loss we could suffer in a hypothetical scenario of adverse economic and financial conditions. We also monitor concentrations of risk such as concentration by branch, risk component, and currency pairs. We conduct stress testing on a daily basis based on selected historical stress events that are relevant to our positions in order to estimate the potential impact to our current portfolio should similar market conditions recur, and we also perform stress testing as part of the Federal Reserve's CCAR process. Stress testing is conducted, analyzed and reported at the corporate, trading desk, division and risk-factor
level (for example, exchange risk, interest-rateinterest rate risk and volatility risk).
We calculate a stressed VaR-based measure using the same model we use to calculate VaR, but with model inputs calibrated to historical data from a range of continuous twelve-month periods that reflect significant financial stress. The stressed VaR model identifies the second-worst outcome occurring in the worst continuous one-year rolling period since July 2007. This stressed VaR meets the regulatory requirement as the rolling ten-day period with an outcome that is worse than 99% of other outcomes during that twelve-month period of financial stress. For each portfolio, the stress period is determined algorithmically by seeking the one-year time horizon that produces the largest ten-business-day VaR from within the available historical data. This historical data set includes the financial crisis of 2008, the highly volatile period surrounding the Eurozone
sovereign debt crisis and the Standard & Poor's downgrade of U.S. Treasury debt in August 2011. As the historical data set used to determine the stress period expands over time, future market stress events will be automatically incorporated.
Stress testing results and limits are actively monitored on a daily basis by ERM and reported to the TMRC. Limit breaches are addressed by ERM risk managers in conjunction with the business units, escalated as appropriate, and reviewed by the TMRC if material. In addition, we have established several action triggers that prompt immediate review by management and the implementation of a remediation plan.
Validation and Back-Testing
We perform frequent back-testing to assess the accuracy of our VaR-based model in estimating loss at the stated confidence level. This back-testing involves the comparison of estimated VaR model outputs to daily, actual profit-and-loss (P&L) outcomes or P&L, observed from daily market movements. We back-test our VaR model using “clean” P&L, which excludes non-trading revenue such as fees, commissions and NII, as well as estimated revenue from intra-day trading.
Our VaR definition of trading losses excludes items that are not specific to the price movement of the trading assets and liabilities themselves, such as fees, commissions, changes to reserves and gains or losses from intra-day activity.
We hadexperienced no back-testing exceptions in the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2017.2020. At a 99% confidence interval, the statistical expectation for a VaR model is to witness one exception every hundred trading days (or two to three exceptions per year).
The following tables present VaR and stressed VaR associated with our trading activities for covered positions held during the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2017, and as of September 30, 2017 and June 30, 2017,2020, respectively, as measured by our VaR methodology:methodology. Diversification effect in the tables below represents the difference between total VaR and the sum of the VaRs for each trading activity. This effect arises because the risks present in our trading activities are not perfectly correlated.
TABLE 30: TEN-DAY VaR ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES FOR COVERED POSITIONS
 Quarter Ended September 30, 2017 Quarter Ended June 30, 2017 As of September 30, 2017 As of June 30, 2017
(In thousands)Average Maximum Minimum Average Maximum Minimum VaR VaR
Global Markets$7,592
 $13,703
 $3,295
 $7,759
 $16,160
 $4,590
 $9,524
 $7,577
Global Treasury342
 790
 145
 433
 1,408
 89
 723
 528
Total VaR$7,546
 $13,652
 $3,337
 $7,740
 $16,119
 $4,598
 $9,463
 $7,481
TABLE 31: TEN-DAY STRESSED VaR ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES FOR COVERED POSITIONS
 Quarter Ended September 30, 2017 Quarter Ended June 30, 2017 As of September 30, 2017 As of June 30, 2017
(In thousands)Average Maximum Minimum Average Maximum Minimum Stressed VaR Stressed VaR
Global Markets$23,981
 $45,399
 $13,363
 $26,691
 $44,875
 $14,301
 $24,755
 $15,192
Global Treasury5,309
 10,549
 2,584
 4,814
 12,329
 1,321
 5,150
 6,223
Total Stressed VaR$24,382
 $44,364
 $13,887
 $26,934
 $43,754
 $14,646
 $24,362
 $14,943

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TABLE 28: TEN-DAY VALUE-AT-RISK ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES FOR COVERED POSITIONS
Three Months EndedAs of June 30, 2021As of March 31, 2021As of June 30, 2020
June 30, 2021March 31, 2021June 30, 2020
(In thousands)Avg.Max.Min.Avg.Max.Min.Avg.Max.Min.VaRVaRVaR
Global Markets$15,283 


$25,020 


$6,974 $13,008 


$25,411 


$5,252 $10,072 $19,152 $5,618 $20,989 $14,587 $8,534 
Global Treasury4,342 


9,451 


460 5,915 


9,762 


3,820 3,856 8,043 423 3,667 9,655 4,040 
Diversification(2,671)


(7,136)


474 (3,736)


(2,884)


(2,576)(2,673)(5,294)(307)(812)(8,973)(2,293)
Total VaR$16,954 


$27,335 


$7,908 $15,187 


$32,289 


$6,496 $11,255 $21,901 $5,734 $23,844 $15,269 $10,281 
TABLE 29: TEN-DAY STRESSED VALUE-AT-RISK ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES FOR COVERED POSITIONS
Three Months EndedAs of June 30, 2021As of March 31, 2021As of June 30, 2020
June 30, 2021March 31, 2021June 30, 2020
(In thousands)Avg.Max.Min.Avg.Max.Min.Avg.Max.Min.VaRVaRVaR
Global Markets$36,478 


$74,475 


$13,037 $34,572 


$79,687 


$13,779 $29,533 $59,530 $17,545 $56,998 $21,264 $30,684 
Global Treasury12,644 


29,651 


2,042 17,714 


26,312 


10,095 8,987 16,010 1,713 6,462 25,763 9,755 
Diversification(6,471)


(8,193)


1,690 (7,398)(10,440)(3,453)(7,766)(12,256)1,951 8,473 (26,260)(12,779)
Total Stressed VaR$42,651 


$95,933 


$16,769 $44,888 


$95,559 


$20,421 $30,754 $63,284 $21,209 $71,933 $20,767 $27,660 
The three month average of our stressed VaR-based measure was approximately $24 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, compared to an average of approximately $27$43 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2017.
2021, compared to an average of approximately $45 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and $31 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2020. The decrease in the totalaverage stressed VaR-based measures as of SeptemberVaR for the quarter ended June 30, 2017,2021, compared to June 30, 2017, was mainly driven bythe quarter ended March 31, 2021, is primarily attributed to lower interest rate risk in emerging market currencies as of September 30, 2017 as compared to June 30, 2017.positions.
The VaR-based measures presented in the preceding tables are primarily a reflection of the overall level of market volatility and our appetite for taking market risk in our trading activities. Overall
levels of volatility have been low both on an absolute basis and relative to the historical information observed at the beginning of the period used for the calculations. Both the ten-day VaR-based measures and the stressed VaR-based measures are based on historical changes observed during rolling ten-day periods for the portfolios as of the close of business each day over the past one-year period.
We have in the past and may in the future modify and adjust our models and methodologies used to calculate VaR and stressed VaR, subject to regulatory review and approval, and theseany future modifications and adjustments may result in changes in our VaR-based and stressed VaR-based measures.
The following tables present the VaR and stressed-VaR associated with our trading activities attributable to foreign exchange risk, interest-rateinterest rate risk and volatility risk as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2017.2020, respectively. The totalssum of the VaR-based and stressed VaR-based measures for the three attributes in totaleach attribute exceeded the related total VaR and the total stressed VaR presented in the foregoing tables as of each period-end,period-end. This is primarily due to thediversification benefits of diversification across risk types.attributes.
TABLE 30: TEN-DAY VaR ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES BY RISK FACTOR(1)
As of June 30, 2021As of March 31, 2021As of June 30, 2020
(In thousands)Foreign Exchange RiskInterest Rate RiskVolatility RiskForeign Exchange RiskInterest Rate RiskVolatility RiskForeign Exchange RiskInterest Rate RiskVolatility Risk
By component:
Global Markets$6,859 $16,327 $701 $12,476 $11,164 $857 $6,243 $8,706 $239 
Global Treasury97 3,950 — 39 9,734 — 16 4,244 — 
Diversification(234)687 — (22)(5,477)— (15)(2,249)— 
Total VaR$6,722 $20,964 $701 $12,493 $15,421 $857 $6,244 $10,701 $239 
TABLE 32: TEN-DAY VaR ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES BY RISK FACTOR(1)
 As of September 30, 2017 As of June 30, 2017
(In thousands)Foreign Exchange Risk Interest Rate Risk Volatility Risk Foreign Exchange Risk Interest Rate Risk Volatility Risk
By component:           
Global Markets$7,876
 $2,930
 $201
 $6,167
 $3,042
 $506
Global Treasury62
 736
 —
 59
 552
 —
Total VaR$7,883
 $2,564
 $201
 $6,186
 $3,035
 $506
TABLE 33: TEN-DAY STRESSED VaR ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES BY RISK FACTOR(1)
TABLE 31: TEN-DAY STRESSED VaR ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES BY RISK FACTOR(1)
TABLE 31: TEN-DAY STRESSED VaR ASSOCIATED WITH TRADING ACTIVITIES BY RISK FACTOR(1)
As of September 30, 2017 As of June 30, 2017As of June 30, 2021As of March 31, 2021As of June 30, 2020
(In thousands)Foreign Exchange Risk Interest Rate Risk Volatility Risk Foreign Exchange Risk Interest Rate Risk Volatility Risk(In thousands)Foreign Exchange RiskInterest Rate RiskVolatility RiskForeign Exchange RiskInterest Rate RiskVolatility RiskForeign Exchange RiskInterest Rate RiskVolatility Risk
By component:           By component:
Global Markets$16,864
 $20,608
 $214
 $10,514
 $13,782
 $520
Global Markets$10,456 $59,710 $747 $16,046 $26,866 $939 $16,712 $32,549 $285 
Global Treasury98
 5,273
 —
 104
 6,439
 —
Global Treasury117 6,350 — 62 25,260 — 34 9,484 — 
DiversificationDiversification(191)8,450 — (16)(6,387)— (56)(9,946)— 
Total Stressed VaR$16,862
 $21,940
 $214
 $10,570
 $15,036
 $520
Total Stressed VaR$10,382 $74,510 $747 $16,092 $45,739 $939 $16,690 $32,087 $285 
(1) For purposes of risk attribution by component, foreign exchange refers only to the risk from market movements in period-end rates.  Forwards, futures, options and swaps with maturities greater than period-end have embedded interest-rateinterest rate risk that is captured by the measures used for interest-rateinterest rate risk.  Accordingly, the interest-rateinterest rate risk embedded in these foreign exchange instruments is included in the interest-rateinterest rate risk component.
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Asset-and-Liability
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Asset and Liability Management Activities
The primary objective of asset-and-liabilityasset and liability management is to provide sustainable NII under varying economic conditions, while protecting the economic value of the assets and liabilities carried inon our consolidated statement of condition from the adverse effects of changes in interest rates. While many market factors affect the level of NII and the economic value of our assets and liabilities, one of the most significant factors is our exposure to movements in interest rates. Most of our NII is earned from the investment of client deposits generated by our businesses. We invest these client deposits in assets that conform generally to the characteristics of our balance sheet liabilities, including the currency composition of our significant non-U.S. dollar denominated client liabilities.
We quantify NII sensitivity using an earnings simulation model that includes our expectations for new business growth, changes in balance sheet mix and investment portfolio positioning. This measure compares our baseline view of NII over a twelve-month horizon, based on our internal forecast of interest rates, to a wide range of instantaneous and gradual rate shocks. Economic valueThe baseline view of equityNII is updated on a regular basis. Relative to the year ago period, the June 30, 2021 baseline forecast is based on an increased balance sheet size. Compared to March 31, 2021, the baseline forecast assumes a modest reduction in balance sheet size over the subsequent twelve-month horizon. Table 32, Key Interest Rates for Baseline Forecasts, presents the spot and 12-month forward rates used in our baseline forecasts at June 30, 2021 and June 30, 2020. Our June 30, 2021 baseline forecast assumes no changes by the Federal Reserve over the next 12 months.
TABLE 32: KEY INTEREST RATES FOR BASELINE FORECASTS
June 30, 2021June 30, 2020
Fed Funds Target10-Year TreasuryFed Funds Target10-Year Treasury
Spot rates0.25 %1.47 %0.25 %0.66 %
12-month forward rates0.25 1.83 0.25 0.92 
In Table 33: Net Interest Income Sensitivity, we report the expected change in NII over the next twelve months from instantaneous shocks to various tenors on the yield curve, including the impacts from U.S. and non-U.S. rates. Each scenario assumes no management action is taken to mitigate the adverse effects of interest rate changes on our financial performance. While investment securities balances and composition can fluctuate with the level of rates as prepayment assumptions change, our modeling approach during the relevant periods has been to keep our balance sheet consistent with our baseline outlook in both higher and lower rates scenarios. While this approach was used for the June 30, 2021 reporting period, we did deviate in June 2020 experiencing a rapid increase in client deposits at the beginning of the global pandemic. For the +100bp shock scenario in the June 30, 2020 reporting period, client deposits were modeled to return to average balance levels experienced in the fourth quarter of 2019 with a corresponding reduction in cash and cash equivalents held with central banks.
Beginning with the December 31, 2020 reporting period, we enhanced our NII sensitivity methodology so that the full impact of rate shocks are realized for all currencies even if the result is negative interest rates. Prior to the December 31, 2020 reporting period, our results in lower rate scenarios were impacted by an assumed floor at zero for certain currencies including U.S. dollar. For consistency in this disclosure, the June 30, 2020 reporting period is restated in the table below using enhanced modeling for negative rates.
TABLE 33: NET INTEREST INCOME SENSITIVITY
June 30, 2021
 June 30, 2020(1)
(In millions)U.S. DollarAll Other CurrenciesTotalU.S. DollarAll Other CurrenciesTotal
Rate change:Benefit (Exposure)Benefit (Exposure)
Parallel shifts:
+100 bps shock$644 $286 $930 $314 $149 $463 
–100 bps shock804 155 959 506 181 687 
Steeper yield curve:
'+100 bps shift in long-end rates(2)
134 1 135 194 4 198 
'-100 bps shift in short-end rates(2)
954 156 1,110 710 188 898 
Flatter yield curve:
'+100 bps shift in short-end rates(2)
510 284 794 133 145 278 
'-100 bps shift in long-end rates(2)
(148)(2)(150)(190)(6)(196)
(1) Represents June 30, 2020 results using the enhanced modeling approach including negative interest rates for all currencies that was implemented starting with the December 31, 2020 reporting period.
(2) The short-end is 0-3 months. The long-end is 5 years and above. Interim term points are interpolated.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As of June 30, 2021, NII and U.S. dollar NII is expected to benefit from both parallel increases and decreases in interest rates. Compared to June 30, 2020, our NII and U.S. dollar NII is more sensitive to parallel rate increases, primarily due to higher forecasted levels of deposits and hedging activity, partially offset by growth in fixed rate securities.
Compared to June 30, 2020, our NII and U.S. dollar NII benefit to lower rates has increased primarily due to growth in fixed and contractually floored securities and loans, partially offset by hedging activity. Our projection of an NII benefit to a larger upward rate shock of +100bps assumes deposit betas remain low consistent with the last rising rate cycle. Our projection of an NII benefit from a larger downward rate shock of -100 bps assumes negative interest rates and charging interest on client deposits and the effect of contractual floors on loans and securities. NII is also exposed to smaller shocks to short-end U.S. interest rates. If short-end U.S. market interest rates increase or (decrease) by 5 bps, we estimate the annualized impact to be approximately $20 million in higher (orlower) NII primarily due to the impact on our sponsored repo activity.
NII is still positioned to benefit from changes in non-U.S. interest rates with the majority of our sensitivity derived from the short-end of the curve given deposit pricing expectations. Compared to June 30, 2020, our non-U.S. benefit from higher rates increased due to higher non-U.S. deposit balances. Our benefit from lower rates decreased due to lower levels of non-U.S. securities.
EVE sensitivity is a discounted cash flow model designed to estimate the fair value of assets and liabilities under a series of interest rate shocks over a long-term horizon. Each approach is routinely monitored as market conditions change and within internally-approved risk limits and guidelines.
For additional information about our Asset-and-Liability Management Activities, refer to pages 104 to 105 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our 2016 Form 10-K.
In the following table, below, we report the expected change in NII over the next twelve months from +/-100 bps instantaneous and gradual parallel rate shocks. Each scenario assumes no management action is taken to mitigate the adverse effects of interest rate changes on our financial performance. While investment securities balances can fluctuate with the level of rates as prepayment assumptions change, our deposit balances remain consistent with the baseline.
We also routinely measure NIIEVE sensitivity to non-parallel rate shocks to isolate the impact of short-term or long-term market rates. In the up 100 bps instantaneous shock, approximately 80% of the expected benefit stems from the short-end of the yield curve. Additionally, we quantify how much of the change is a result of shifts in U.S. and non-U.S. rates. In the up 100 bps instantaneous shock, approximately 50% of the expected benefit is driven by U.S. rates.
TABLE 34: NII SENSITIVITY
(In millions) September 30,
2017		 December 31,
2016
Rate change: Benefit (Exposure)
+100 bps shock $515
 $585
–100 bps shock (352) (265)
+100 bps ramp 198
 284
–100 bps ramp (119) (161)
As of September 30, 2017, NII sensitivity remains positioned to benefit from rising interest rates. Compared to December 31, 2016, the decreased benefit to the up 100 bps instantaneous shock is driven by a mix shift in client deposits and the repricing characteristics of other wholesale liabilities, partially offset by investment portfolio activity. The increased exposure to the down 100 bps instantaneous shock is driven by higher observed short-term interest rates relative to year-end and investment portfolio activity, partially offset by a mix shift in client deposits. Gradual rate shocks have a similar asset sensitive positioning, but are less impactful due to the severity and timing of the rate shift.
The following table highlights our economic value of equity sensitivity to a +/-200200 bps instantaneous rate shock,shocks, relative to spot interest rates. Management compares the change in EVE sensitivity against State Street'sour aggregate tierTier 1 and tierTier 2 risk-based capital, calculated in conformity with current applicable regulatory requirements. Economic value of equityEVE sensitivity is dependent on the timing of interest and principal cash flows. Also, the measure only evaluates the spot balance sheet and does not include the impact of new business assumptions.
TABLE 34: ECONOMIC VALUE OF EQUITY SENSITIVITY
As of June 30,
(In millions)20212020
Rate change:Benefit (Exposure)
+200 bps shock$(1,739)$(1,202)
–200 bps shock4,921 5,174 
TABLE 35: EVE SENSITIVITY
(In millions) September 30,
2017		 December 31,
2016
Rate change: Benefit (Exposure)
+200 bps shock $(924) $(1,092)
–200 bps shock 118
 877
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017, economic value of equity2021, EVE sensitivity remains exposed to upward shifts in interest rates. The changeCompared to June 30, 2020, the sensitivity to the up 200 shock scenarios increased due to growth in each scenario was primarily driven byour investment portfolio, repositioningpartially offset by our hedging activity.
Both NII sensitivity and the mixEVE sensitivity are routinely monitored as market conditions change. For additional information about our Asset and Liability Management Activities, refer to "Risk Management" in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of client deposits. The -200 bps scenario is also impacted by the low levelFinancial Condition and Results of interest rates, which limits the size of the rate shock.Operations.
Model Risk Management
The use of quantitative models is widespread throughout the financial services industry, with large and complex organizations relying on sophisticated models to support numerous aspects of their financial decision making. The models contemporaneously represent both a significant advancement in financial management and a new source of risk. In large banking organizations like State Street,us, model results influence business decisions, and model failure could have a harmful effect on our financial performance. As a result, the Model Risk Management Framework seeks to mitigate our model risk at State Street.risk.
For additional information about our model risk management framework, including our governance and model validation, refer to pages 105112 to 106113 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, "Model Risk Management", in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Strategic Risk Management
We define strategic risk as the current or prospective impact on earnings or capital arising from adverse business decisions, improper implementation of strategic initiatives, or lack of responsiveness to industry-wide changes. Strategic risks are influenced by changes in the competitive environment; decline in market performance or changes in our business activities; and the potential secondary impacts of reputational risks, not already captured as market, interest rate, credit, operational, model or liquidity risks. We incorporate strategic risk into our assessment of our business plans and risk and capital management processes.
On March 5, 2021, the Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration announced, in conjunction with the United Kingdom Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), that it would cease the publication of GBP, EUR, Swiss Franc and the Japanese Yen LIBOR settings for all tenors, as well as one week and two months U.S. dollar LIBOR settings on December 31, 2021 and would cease the publication of overnight and twelve months U.S. dollar LIBOR settings on June 30, 2023.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
On April 6, 2021, the state of New York adopted Alternative Reference Rate Committee sponsored legislation that would, among other things, provide for the replacement of LIBOR references in hard to modify legacy financial contracts governed by New York law with a benchmark rate based on SOFR. Other states may adopt similar legislation.
U.S. bank regulators have issued guidance strongly encouraging banking organizations to cease using U.S. dollar LIBOR as a reference rate in new contracts as soon as practicable and in any event by December 31, 2021. We are continuing our efforts to work to facilitate an orderly transition from LIBOR, and other interbank offered rates, to alternative reference rates for us and our clients in a manner consistent with supervisory expectations.
For additional information about our strategic risk management framework and associated risks, refer to page 113 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, "Strategic Risk Management", in our 2020 Form 10-K, and page 46 included under Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our 2020 Form 10-K - "The market transition away from broad use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) as an interest rate benchmark may impose additional costs on us and may expose us to increased operational, model and financial risk."
Capital
Managing our capital involves evaluating whether our actual and projected levels of capital are commensurate with our risk profile, are in compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements and are sufficient to provide us with the financial flexibility to undertake future strategic business initiatives. We assess capital adequacy based on relevant regulatory capital requirements, as well as our own internal capital goals, targets and other relevant metrics.

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TableOur designation as a G-SIB is based on a number of Contents
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

We havefactors, as evaluated by banking regulators, and requires us to maintain an additional capital surcharge above the minimum capital ratios set forth in the Basel III final rule. Further, like all other U.S. G-SIBs, we are also currently subject to a hierarchical structure supporting appropriate committee review2.0% SLR buffer in addition to the required minimum of relevant risk and capital information. The ongoing responsibility for capital management rests with our Treasurer. The Capital Management group within Global Treasury is responsible for3% under the Capital Policy and guidelines, capital forecasting, developmentBasel III final rule. If we fail to exceed any regulatory buffer or surcharge, we will be subject to increased restrictions (depending upon the extent of the Capital Plan, the management of globalshortfall) regarding capital capital optimizationdistributions and net investment hedging. The Capital Management group is also responsible for enterprise stress testing, including stress revenue and expense modeling and information technology related matters associated with stress testing models.discretionary executive bonus payments.
MRAC provides oversightNot all of our capital management, our capital adequacy, our internal targets and the expectationscompetitors have similarly been designated as systemically important nor are all of the major independent credit rating agencies. In addition, MRAC approves our balance sheet strategy and related activities. The Board’s RC assists the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities relatedthem subject to the assessmentsame degree of regulation as a bank or financial holding company, and managementtherefore some of riskour competitors may not be subject to the same capital, liquidity and capital. Our Capital Policy is reviewed and approved at least annually by the Board's RC.other regulatory requirements.
For additional information about our capital, refer to pages 107113 to 117121 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Global Systemically Important Bank
We are one among a group of 30 institutions worldwide that have been identified by the FSB and the BCBS as G-SIBs. Our designation as a G-SIB requires us to maintain an additional capital buffer above the Basel III final rule minimum CET1 capital ratio of 4.5%, based on a number of factors, as evaluated by banking regulators.
In addition to the U.S. Basel III final rule, the Dodd-Frank Act requires the Federal Reserve to establish more stringent capital requirements for large bank holding companies, including State Street. On August 14, 2015, the Federal Reserve published a final rule on the implementation of capital requirements that impose a capital surcharge on U.S. G-SIBs. The surcharge requirements within the final rule began to phase-in on January 1, 2016 and will be fully effective on January 1, 2019. The eight U.S. banks deemed to be G-SIBs, including State Street, are required to calculate the G-SIB surcharge according to two methods, and be bound by the higher of the two:
Method 1: Assesses systemic importance based upon twelve indicators across: size, interconnectedness, complexity, cross-jurisdictional activity and substitutability
Method 2: Alters the calculation from Method 1 by factoring in a wholesale funding score in place of substitutability and applying a coefficient to the nine systemic indicators across size, interconnectedness, complexity and cross jurisdictional activity
As part of the final rule, the Federal Reserve published estimated G-SIB surcharges for the eight U.S. G-SIBs based on relevant data from 2012 to 2014. Method 2 is identified as the binding methodology for State Street and the applicable surcharge on January 1, 2017 was calculated to be 1.5%. Assuming a countercyclical buffer of 0%, a capital conservation buffer of 2.5%, and a G-SIB surcharge of 1.5% in 2019, the minimum fully phased-in capital ratios State Street would be required to have as of January 1, 2019 are: 8.5% for CET1 Capital, 10.0% for tier 1 risk-based capital and 12.0% for total risk-based capital, in order to make capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments without limitation.
Not all of our competitors have similarly been designated as systemically important, and therefore some of our competitors may not be subject to the same additional capital requirements.
Total Loss Absorbing Capacity
On December 15, 2016, the Federal Reserve released its final rule on TLAC, LTD and clean holding company requirements for U.S. domiciled G-SIBs, such as State Street, that are intended to improve the resiliency and resolvability of certain U.S. banking organizations through new enhanced prudential standards. The TLAC final rule imposes: (1) TLAC requirements (i.e., combined eligible tier 1 regulatory capital and eligible LTD); (2) separate eligible LTD requirements; and (3) clean holding company requirements designed to make short-term unsecured debt (including deposits) and most other ineligible liabilities structurally senior to eligible LTD.
Among other things, the TLAC final rule requires State Street to comply with minimum requirements for external TLAC and external LTD, plus an external TLAC buffer. Specifically, State Street must hold (1) combined eligible tier 1 regulatory capital and eligible LTD in the amount equal to at least 21.5% of total risk-weighted assets (using an estimated G-SIB method 1 surcharge of 1%) and 9.5% (7.5% SLR plus eSLR buffer of 2%) of total leverage exposure, as defined by the SLR final rule, and (2) qualifying external LTD equal to the greater of 7.5% of risk-weighted assets (using an estimated G-SIB method 2 surcharge of 1.5%) and 4.5% of total leverage exposure, as defined by the SLR final rule.
In forecasting our compliance with these requirements, we presently include our junior subordinated debentures maturing in 2028 and 2047 as TLAC and LTD eligible debt. Based upon current estimates, assumptions and guidance, we project that compliance with TLAC and LTD will result in increasing our outstanding long-term debt by approximately $2 billion at December 31, 2018 compared to the TLAC eligible debt outstanding at September 30, 2017.
For additional information on our TLAC requirements, refer to page 7 under "Regulatory Capital Adequacy and Liquidity Standards" in "Total Loss-Absorbing Capacity (TLAC)" included under Item 1, Business, in our 2016 Form 10-K
State Street must comply with the TLAC final rule starting on January 1, 2019.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Regulatory Capital
We and State Street Bank, as advanced approaches banking organizations, are subject to the currentU.S. Basel III minimum risk-based capital and leverage ratio guidelines. The Basel III final rule incorporates several multi-year transition provisions for capital components and minimum ratio requirements for CET1 capital, tier 1 capital and total capital. The transition period started in January 2014 and will be completed by January 1, 2019, which is concurrent with the full implementationframework. Provisions of the Basel III final rule inbecame effective on January 1, 2014 with full implementation required on January 1, 2019. We are also subject to the U.S.
Among other things, the Basel III final market risk capital rule introduced a minimum CET1 risk-based capital ratioissued by U.S. banking regulators effective as of 4.5% and raises the minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio from 4% to 6%. In addition, for advanced approaches banking organizations such as State Street, the Basel III final rule imposes a minimum supplementary tier 1 leverage ratio of 3%, the numerator of which is tier 1 capital and the denominator of which includes both on-balance sheet assets and certain off-balance sheet exposures.January 2013.
The Basel III final rule provides for two frameworks for monitoring capital adequacy: the “standardized approach" and the “advanced approaches", applicable to advanced approaches banking organizations, like us. The standardized approach prescribes standardized calculations for credit risk RWA, including specified risk weights for certain on and off-balance sheet exposures. The advanced approaches consist of the Advanced Internal Ratings-Based Approach used for the calculation of RWA related to credit risk, and the Advanced Measurement Approach used for the calculation of RWA related to operational risk.
As required by the Dodd-Frank Act enacted in 2010 and the Stress Capital Buffer (SCB) rule enacted in 2020, we and State Street Bank, as advanced approaches banking organizations, are subject to a "capital floor," also introduced areferred to as the Collins Amendment, in the assessment of our regulatory capital adequacy, including the capital conservation buffer (CCB) and the SCB, for the advanced approaches and standardized approach, respectively, and a countercyclical capital buffer that addbuffer. In addition, we are subject to the minimuma G-SIB surcharge. Our risk-based capital ratios. Specifically,ratios for regulatory assessment purposes are the final rule limitslower of each ratio calculated under the advanced approaches and standardized approach.
The SCB replaced, under the standardized approach, the capital conservation buffer with a buffer calculated as the difference between the institution’s starting and lowest projected CET1 ratio under the CCAR severely adverse scenario plus planned common stock dividend payments (as a percentage of RWA) from the fourth through seventh quarter of the CCAR planning horizon. The SCB requirement, which became effective October 1, 2020, can be no less than 2.5% of RWA. Breaching the SCB or other regulatory buffer or surcharge will limit a banking organization’s ability to make capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments to executive officers if it fails to maintain a common equity tier 1 capital conservation buffer of more than 2.5% of total risk-weighted assets and, if deployed during periods of excessive credit growth, a common equity tier 1 countercyclical capital buffer of up to 2.5% of total risk-weighted assets, above each of the minimum common equity tier 1, and tier 1 and total risk-based capital ratios. officers.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The countercyclical capital buffer is currently set at zero by U.S. banking regulators.
Our minimum risk-based capital ratios as of January 1, 2021, include a CCB of 2.5% and a SCB of 2.5% for the advanced approaches and standardized approach, respectively, a G-SIB surcharge of 1.0%, and a countercyclical buffer of 0.0%. This results in minimum risk-based ratios of 8.0% for the Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio, 9.5% for the tier 1 capital ratio, and 11.5% for the total capital ratio.
Based on a calculation date of December 31, 2019, our current G-SIB surcharge, through December 31, 2022, is 1.0%. Based on a calculation date of December 31, 2020, our G-SIB surcharge beginning January 1, 2023 could have been 1.5%. However, in May 2021, the Federal Reserve granted our request for relief relating to the effects of the MMLF program on the calculation of our G-SIB surcharge. As a result of this relief, our G-SIB surcharge for 2023 will be 1.0%.
To maintain the status of ourthe Parent Company as a financial holding company, we and our insured depository institution subsidiaries are required, among other requirements, to be “well-capitalized”"well capitalized" as defined by maintainingRegulation Y and Regulation H.
The market risk capital ratios above the minimum requirements. Effective on January 1, 2015, the “well-capitalized” standard for our banking subsidiaries was revised to reflect the higher capital requirements in the Basel III final rule.
Under the Basel III final rule, certain new items are deducted from CET1 capital and certain regulatory capital deductions were modified as compared to the previously applicable capital regulations. Among other things, the final rule requires significant investments in the common stock of unconsolidated financial institutions, as defined, and certain deferred tax assets that exceed specified individual and aggregate thresholds to be deducted from common equity tier 1 capital. As an advanced approaches banking organization, after-tax unrealized
gains and losses on AFS investment securities flow through to and affect State Street’s and State Street Bank's CET1 capital, subject to a phase-in schedule.
We are requiredus to use the advanced approaches framework as provided in the Basel III final ruleinternal models to determine our risk-based capital requirements. The Dodd-Frank Act applies a "capital floor" to advanced approaches banking organizations, such asState Street and State Street Bank. We are subject to the more stringentcalculate daily measures of the risk-based capital ratios calculated under the standardized approach and those calculated under the advanced approaches in the assessmentVaR, which reflect general market risk for certain of our capital adequacy undertrading positions defined by the PCA framework.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table sets forth the transition to full implementation and the minimum risk-based capital ratio requirements under the Basel III final rule. This does not include the potential imposition of an additional countercyclical capital buffer.
TABLE 36: BASEL III FINAL RULES TRANSITION ARRANGEMENTS AND MINIMUM RISK-BASED CAPITAL RATIOS(1)
           
  2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Capital conservation buffer (CET1) —% 0.625% 1.250% 1.875% 2.500%
G-SIB surcharge (CET1)(2)
 —
 0.375
 0.750
 1.125
 1.500
           
Minimum common equity tier 1(3)
 4.500
 5.500
 6.500
 7.500
 8.500
Minimum tier 1 capital(3)
 6.000
 7.000
 8.000
 9.000
 10.000
Minimum total capital(3)
 8.000
 9.000
 10.000
 11.000
 12.000
(1) Minimum ratios shown above do not reflect the countercyclical buffer, currently set at zero by U.S. banking regulators.
(2) As part of the G-SIB Surcharge final rule the Federal Reserve published estimated G-SIB surcharges for the eight U.S. G-SIBs based on relevant data from 2012-2014 and the estimated resulting G-SIB surcharge for State Street is 1.5%. Including the 1.5% surcharge, State Street's minimum risk-based capital ratio requirements, as of January 1, 2019 would be 8.5% for CET1, 10.0% for tier 1 capital and 12.0% for total capital.
(3) Minimum CET1 capital, minimum tier 1 capital and minimum total capital presented include the transitional capital conservation buffer“covered positions,” as well as stressed-VaR measures to supplement the estimated transitional G-SIB surcharge being phased-in beginning January 1, 2016 through January 1, 2019 based on an estimated 1.5% surchargeVaR measures. The rule also requires a public disclosure composed of qualitative and quantitative information about the market risk associated with our trading activities and our related VaR and stressed-VaR measures. The qualitative and quantitative information required by the rule is provided under "Market Risk Management" included in all periods.
The specific calculation of State Street'sthis Management's Discussion and State Street Bank's risk-based capital ratios will change as the provisions of the Basel III final rule related to the numerator (capital) and denominator (risk-weighted assets) are phased in, and as our risk-weighted assets calculated using the advanced approaches change due to potential changes in methodology. These ongoing methodological changes will result in differences in our reported capital ratios from one reporting period to the next that are independent of applicable changes to our capital base, our asset composition, our off-balance sheet exposures or our risk profile.Analysis.
The following table presents the regulatory capital structure and related regulatory capital ratios for State Streetus and State Street Bank as of the dates indicated. We are subject to the more stringent of the risk-based capital ratios calculated under the standardized approach and those calculated under the advanced approaches in the assessment of our capital adequacy under applicable bank regulatory standards.
As a result of changes in the methodologies used to calculate our regulatory capital ratios from period to period, as the provisions of the Basel III final rule are phased in, the ratios presented in the table for each period are not directly comparable. Refer to the footnotes following the table.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


TABLE 35: REGULATORY CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND RELATED REGULATORY CAPITAL RATIOSTABLE 35: REGULATORY CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND RELATED REGULATORY CAPITAL RATIOS
State Street CorporationState Street Bank
TABLE 37: REGULATORY CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND RELATED REGULATORY CAPITAL RATIOS
State Street State Street Bank
(In millions)
Basel III Advanced Approaches September 30, 2017(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach September 30, 2017(2)

Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2016(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2016(2)

Basel III Advanced Approaches September 30, 2017(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach September 30, 2017(2)

Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2016(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2016(2)
(Dollars in millions)(Dollars in millions)Basel III Advanced Approaches June 30, 2021Basel III Standardized Approach June 30, 2021Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2020Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2020Basel III Advanced Approaches June 30, 2021Basel III Standardized Approach June 30, 2021Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2020Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2020
Common shareholders' equity: Common shareholders' equity:                Common shareholders' equity:
Common stock and related surplusCommon stock and related surplus$10,307
 $10,307
 $10,286
 $10,286
 $11,382
 $11,382
 $11,376
 $11,376
Common stock and related surplus$10,750 $10,750 $10,709 $10,709 $12,893 $12,893 $12,893 $12,893 
Retained earningsRetained earnings18,675
 18,675
 17,459
 17,459
 12,286
 12,286
 12,285
 12,285
Retained earnings24,300 24,300 23,442 23,442 14,229 14,229 12,939 12,939 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(985) (985) (1,936) (1,936) (808) (808) (1,648) (1,648)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(422)(422)187 187 (227)(227)371 371 
Treasury stock, at costTreasury stock, at cost(8,697) (8,697) (7,682) (7,682) —
 —
 —
 —
Treasury stock, at cost(11,437)(11,437)(10,609)(10,609)— — — — 
TotalTotal19,300
 19,300
 18,127
 18,127
 22,860
 22,860
 22,013
 22,013
Total23,191 23,191 23,729 23,729 26,895 26,895 26,203 26,203 
Regulatory capital adjustments:Regulatory capital adjustments:               Regulatory capital adjustments:
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities(3)
(6,739) (6,739) (6,348) (6,348) (6,447) (6,447) (6,060) (6,060)
Other adjustments(122) (122) (155) (155) (90) (90) (148) (148)
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilitiesGoodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities(9,070)(9,070)(9,019)(9,019)(8,798)(8,798)(8,745)(8,745)
Other adjustments(1)
Other adjustments(1)
(430)(430)(333)(333)(244)(244)(152)(152)
Common equity tier 1 capital Common equity tier 1 capital12,439
 12,439
 11,624
 11,624
 16,323
 16,323
 15,805
 15,805
 Common equity tier 1 capital13,691 13,691 14,377 14,377 17,853 17,853 17,306 17,306 
Preferred stockPreferred stock3,196
 3,196
 3,196
 3,196
 —
 —
 —
 —
Preferred stock1,976 1,976 2,471 2,471 — — — — 
Trust preferred capital securities subject to phase-out from tier 1 capital—
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Other adjustments(29) (29) (103) (103) —
 —
 —
 —
Tier 1 capital Tier 1 capital15,606
 15,606
 14,717
 14,717
 16,323
 16,323
 15,805
 15,805
 Tier 1 capital15,667 15,667 16,848 16,848 17,853 17,853 17,306 17,306 
Qualifying subordinated long-term debtQualifying subordinated long-term debt1,072
 1,072
 1,172
 1,172
 1,076
 1,076
 1,179
 1,179
Qualifying subordinated long-term debt1,592 1,592 961 961 756 756 966 966 
Trust preferred capital securities phased out of tier 1 capital—
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
ALLL and other5
 79
 19
 77
 —
 79
 15
 77
Other adjustments1
 1
 1
 1
 —
 —
 —
 —
Allowance for credit lossesAllowance for credit losses— 120 1 148 — 120 10 148 
Total capital Total capital$16,684
 $16,758
 $15,909
 $15,967
 $17,399
 $17,478
 $16,999
 $17,061
 Total capital$17,259 $17,379 $17,810 $17,957 $18,609 $18,729 $18,282 $18,420 
Risk-weighted assets: Risk-weighted assets:                Risk-weighted assets:
Credit risk$50,197
 $106,377
 $50,900
 $98,125
 $47,282
 $103,024
 $47,383
 $94,413
Operational risk(4)
45,795
 NA
 44,579
 NA
 45,270
 NA
 44,043
 NA
Market risk(5)
3,005
 1,203
 3,822
 1,751
 3,005
 1,203
 3,822
 1,751
Credit risk(2)
Credit risk(2)
$69,357 $119,659 $63,367 $114,892 $62,321 $116,435 $58,960 $110,797 
Operational risk(3)
Operational risk(3)
44,838 NA44,150 NA43,413 NA43,663 NA
Market riskMarket risk2,263 2,263 2,188 2,188 2,263 2,263 2,188 2,188 
Total risk-weighted assetsTotal risk-weighted assets$98,997
 $107,580
 $99,301
 $99,876
 $95,557
 $104,227
 $95,248
 $96,164
Total risk-weighted assets$116,458 $121,922 $109,705 $117,080 $107,997 $118,698 $104,811 $112,985 
Adjusted quarterly average assetsAdjusted quarterly average assets$211,396
 $211,396
 $226,310
 $226,310
 $208,308
 $208,308
 $222,584
 $222,584
Adjusted quarterly average assets$298,682 $298,682 $263,490 $263,490 $295,431 $295,431 $260,489 $260,489 
                
Capital Ratios(1):
2017 Minimum Requirements Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge(6)
2016 Minimum Requirements Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge(7)
               
Capital Ratios:Capital Ratios:
2021 Minimum Requirements Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge(4)
2020 Minimum Requirements Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge(4)
Common equity tier 1 capital6.5%5.5%12.6% 11.6% 11.7% 11.6% 17.1% 15.7% 16.6% 16.4%Common equity tier 1 capital8.0 %8.0 %11.8 %11.2 %13.1 %12.3 %16.5 %15.0 %16.5 %15.3 %
Tier 1 capital8.0
7.0
15.8
 14.5
 14.8
 14.7
 17.1
 15.7
 16.6
 16.4
Tier 1 capital9.5 9.5 13.5 12.9 15.4 14.4 16.5 15.0 16.5 15.3 
Total capital10.0
9.0
16.9
 15.6
 16.0
 16.0
 18.2
 16.8
 17.8
 17.7
Total capital11.5 11.5 14.8 14.3 16.2 15.3 17.2 15.8 17.4 16.3 
Tier 1 leverage4.0
4.0
7.4
 7.4
 6.5
 6.5
 7.8
 7.8
 7.1
 7.1
(1) Other adjustments within CET1 capital tier 1 capitalprimarily include the overfunded portion of our defined benefit pension plan obligation net of associated deferred tax liabilities, disallowed deferred tax assets, and total capital ratios asother required credit risk based deductions.
(2) Includes a CVA which reflects the risk of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculatedpotential fair value adjustments for credit risk reflected in conformity with the advanced approaches provisionsour valuation of the Basel III final rule. Tier 1 leverage ratio as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculatedOTC derivative contracts. We used a simple CVA approach in conformity with the Basel III final rule.advanced approaches.
(2) CET1 capital, tier 1 capital and total capital ratios as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculated in conformity with the standardized approach provisions of the Basel III final rule. Tier 1 leverage ratio as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculated in conformity with the Basel III final rule.
(3)Amounts for State Street and State Street Bank as of September 30, 2017 consisted of goodwill, net of associated deferred tax liabilities, and 80% of other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities. Amounts for State Street and State Street Bank as of December 31, 2016 consisted of goodwill, net of deferred tax liabilities and 60% of other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities. Intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities is phased in as a deduction from capital, in conformity with the Basel III final rule.
(4) Under the current advanced approaches rules and regulatory guidance concerning operational risk models, RWA attributable to operational risk can vary substantially from period-to-period, without direct correlation to the effects of a particular loss event on our results of operations and financial condition and impacting dates and periods that may differ from the dates and periods as of and during which the loss event is reflected in our financial statements, with the timing and categorization dependent on the processes for model updates and, if applicable, model revalidation and regulatory review and related supervisory processes. An individual loss event can have a significant effect on the output of our operational risk RWA under the advanced approaches depending on the severity of the loss event and its categorization among the seven Basel-defined UOMs.
(5) Market risk risk-weighted assets reported in conformity with the Basel III advanced approaches included(4) Minimum requirements include a CVA which reflected the riskCCB of potential fair value adjustments2.5% and a SCB of 2.5% for credit risk reflected in our valuation of over-the-counter derivative contracts.  The CVA was not provided for in the final market risk capital rule; however, it was required by the advanced approaches provisionsand the standardized approach, respectively, a G-SIB surcharge of the Basel III final rule. We used1.0% and a simple CVA approach in conformity with the Basel III advanced approaches.countercyclical buffer of 0%.
(6) Minimum requirements will be phased in up to full implementation beginning on January 1, 2019; minimum requirements listed are as of September 30, 2017. See Table 36: Basel III Final Rules Transition Arrangements and Minimum Risk Based Capital Ratios.
(7) Minimum requirements will be phased in up to full implementation beginning on January 1, 2019; minimum requirements listed are as of December 31, 2016. See Table 36: Basel III Final Rules Transition Arrangements and Minimum Risk Based Capital Ratios.
NA Not applicable


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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Our CET1 capital decreased $0.69 billion as of June 30, 2021, compared to December 31, 2020, primarily driven by common stock repurchases, lower capital related to AOCI and capital distributions from common and preferred dividends, partially offset by net income.
AsOur Tier 1 capital decreased $1.18 billion as of January 1, 2015, we usedJune 30, 2021, compared to December 31, 2020, primarily due to lower CET1 capital and the standardized provisionspartial redemption of the Basel III final rule in addition to the advanced approaches provisions which were previously implemented in the second quarter of 2014, and the lower of our regulatorySeries F preferred stock. Total capital ratios calculateddecreased under both the advanced approaches and those ratios calculated under the standardized approach are applied in the assessment of our capital adequacy for regulatory capital purposes. Beginning in the second quarter of 2014, until January 1, 2015, we used the advanced approaches provisions in the Basel III final rule, and transitional provisions of the Basel III final rule, and the lower of our regulatory capital ratios calculated under the advanced approaches and those ratios calculated under the transitional provisions were applied in the assessment of our capital adequacy for regulatory capital purposes.
Our CET1 capital increased $815 million as of September 30, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016 primarily due to net income of $1.81by $0.55 billion and an increase in accumulated other comprehensive income of $951 million. The increases in CET1 capital were partially offset by capital distributions of $1.69$0.58 billion, from common stock purchases and dividends, and the impact from the 2017 phase-in of the deduction of intangibles (80% in 2017 compared to 60% in 2016). In the same comparative period, our tier 1 capital increased $889 million, due to the increase in CET1 capital. Total capital increased $775 million under advanced approaches and increased $791 million under standardized approachrespectively, due to the changes to tier 1 capital. State Street Bank's tierin our CET1 capital and Tier 1 capital, increased $518 million, and total capital increased $400 million and $417 million underpartially offset by the advanced and standardized approaches, respectively, asissuance of September 30, 2017, compared to December 31, 2016. The increase is a result of higher CET1.Tier 2 qualifying debt.
The table below presents a roll-forward of CTE1CET1 capital, tierTier 1 capital and total capital for the quartersix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and for the year ended December 31, 2016.2020.
TABLE 38: CAPITAL ROLL-FORWARD
 State Street
(In millions)Basel III Advanced Approaches September 30, 2017Basel III Standardized Approach September 30, 2017Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2016Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2016
Common equity tier 1 capital:   
Common equity tier 1 capital balance, beginning of period$11,624
$11,624
$12,433
$12,433
Net income1,807
1,807
2,143
2,143
Changes in treasury stock, at cost(1,015)(1,015)(1,225)(1,225)
Dividends declared(588)(588)(732)(732)
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities(391)(391)(421)(421)
Effect of certain items in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)951
951
(514)(514)
Other adjustments51
51
(60)(60)
Changes in common equity tier 1 capital815
815
(809)(809)
Common equity tier 1 capital balance, end of period12,439
12,439
11,624
11,624
Additional tier 1 capital:   
Tier 1 capital balance, beginning of period14,717
14,717
15,264
15,264
Change in common equity tier 1 capital815
815
(809)(809)
Net issuance of preferred stock—
—
493
493
Trust preferred capital securities phased out of tier 1 capital—
—
(237)(237)
Other adjustments74
74
6
6
Changes in tier 1 capital889
889
(547)(547)
Tier 1 capital balance, end of period15,606
15,606
14,717
14,717
Tier 2 capital:    
Tier 2 capital balance, beginning of period1,192
1,250
2,085
2,139
Net issuance and changes in long-term debt qualifying as
tier 2
(100)(100)(186)(186)
Trust preferred capital securities phased into tier 2 capital—
—
(713)(713)
Changes in ALLL and other(14)2
7
11
Change in other adjustments—
—
(1)(1)
Changes in tier 2 capital(114)(98)(893)(889)
Tier 2 capital balance, end of period1,078
1,152
1,192
1,250
Total capital:    
Total capital balance, beginning of period15,909
15,967
17,349
17,403
Changes in tier 1 capital889
889
(547)(547)
Changes in tier 2 capital(114)(98)(893)(889)
Total capital balance, end of period$16,684
$16,758
$15,909
$15,967
TABLE 36: CAPITAL ROLL-FORWARD
(In millions)Basel III Advanced Approaches June 30, 2021Basel III Standardized Approach June 30, 2021Basel III
Advanced Approaches
December 31, 2020		Basel III Standardized Approach
December 31, 2020
Common equity tier 1 capital:
Common equity tier 1 capital balance, beginning of period$14,377 $14,377 $12,213 $12,213 
Net income1,282 1,282 2,420 2,420 
Changes in treasury stock, at cost(828)(828)(400)(400)
Dividends declared(244)(244)(886)(886)
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities(51)(51)93 93 
Effect of certain items in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(609)(609)1,057 1,057 
Other adjustments(236)(236)(120)(120)
Changes in common equity tier 1 capital(686)(686)2,164 2,164 
Common equity tier 1 capital balance, end of period13,691 13,691 14,377 14,377 
Additional tier 1 capital:
Tier 1 capital balance, beginning of period16,848 16,848 15,175 15,175 
Changes in common equity tier 1 capital(686)(686)2,164 2,164 
Net issuance (redemption) of preferred stock(495)(495)(491)(491)
Changes in tier 1 capital(1,181)(1,181)1,673 1,673 
Tier 1 capital balance, end of period15,667 15,667 16,848 16,848 
Tier 2 capital:
Tier 2 capital balance, beginning of period962 1,109 1,100 1,185 
Net issuance and changes in long-term debt qualifying as tier 2631 631 (134)(134)
Changes in allowance for credit losses(1)(28)(4)58 
Changes in tier 2 capital630 603 (138)(76)
Tier 2 capital balance, end of period1,592 1,712 962 1,109 
Total capital:
Total capital balance, beginning of period17,810 17,957 16,275 16,360 
Changes in tier 1 capital(1,181)(1,181)1,673 1,673 
Changes in tier 2 capital630 603 (138)(76)
Total capital balance, end of period$17,259 $17,379 $17,810 $17,957 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table presents a roll-forward of the Basel III advanced and standardized approaches risk-weighted assetsRWA for the quartersix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and for the year ended December 31, 2016.2020.
TABLE 39: ADVANCED APPROACHES RWA ROLL-FORWARD
  State Street
(In millions) September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Total risk-weighted assets, beginning of period $99,301
 $99,552
Changes in credit risk-weighted assets:    
Net increase (decrease) in investment securities-wholesale 1,477
 (1,027)
Net increase (decrease) in loans and leases 1,432
 575
Net increase (decrease) in securitization exposures (250) (3,246)
Net increase (decrease) in repo-style transaction exposures 298
 606
Net increase (decrease) in OTC derivatives exposures (2,194) 1,812
Net increase (decrease) in all
other(1)
 (1,466) 447
Net increase (decrease) in credit risk-weighted assets (703) (833)
Net increase (decrease) in credit valuation adjustment (269) 512
Net increase (decrease) in market risk-weighted assets (548) (627)
Net increase (decrease) in operational risk-weighted assets 1,216
 697
Total risk-weighted assets, end of period $98,997
 $99,301
TABLE 37: ADVANCED & STANDARDIZED APPROACHES RISK-WEIGHTED ASSETS ROLL-FORWARD
(In millions)Basel III Advanced Approaches June 30, 2021Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2020Basel III Standardized Approach June 30, 2021Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2020
Total risk-weighted assets, beginning of period$109,705 $104,364 $117,080 $104,005 
Changes in credit risk-weighted assets:
Net increase (decrease) in investment securities-wholesale(279)3,008 (279)1,762 
Net increase (decrease) in loans2,310 2,973 1,660 3,638 
Net increase (decrease) in securitization exposures626 578 590 351 
Net increase (decrease) in repo-style transaction exposures(190)1,763 (2,545)3,895 
Net increase (decrease) in over-the-counter derivatives exposures(1)
(746)780 5,076 457 
Net increase (decrease) in all other(2)
4,269 (498)265 2,422 
Net increase (decrease) in credit risk-weighted assets5,990 8,604 4,767 12,525 
Net increase (decrease) in market risk-weighted assets75 550 75 550 
Net increase (decrease) in operational risk-weighted assets688 (3,813)N/AN/A
Total risk-weighted assets, end of period$116,458 $109,705 $121,922 $117,080 
(1) Under the advanced approaches, includes CVA RWA.
(2) Includes assets not in a definable category, cleared transactions, non-material portfolio, other wholesale, cash and due from, and interest-bearing deposits with banks, equity exposures, and 6% credit risk supervisory charge.
As of September 30, 2017, total advanced approaches risk-weighted assets decreased $304 million compared to December 31, 2016, mainly due to a decrease in credit risk and market risk, partially offset by an increase in operational risk. The decrease in credit risk was mainly due to lower volatility in our FX derivative portfolio leading to a lower positive marked-to-market, offset by an increase in leveraged loans stemming from a new LGD model being introduced. Market risk reduction of $548 million resulted from a lower stressed VaR. The decrease in credit valuation adjustment was also driven by the lower marked-to-market in our FX derivative portfolios. Operational risk increased approximately $1.22 billion due to a recalibration of the Operational Risk Advanced Measurement Approach Capital model.
As of December 31, 2016, total advanced approaches risk-weighted assets decreased $251 million compared to December 31, 2015, mainly due to a decrease in credit risk and market risk, partially offset by an increase in operational risk and credit valuation adjustment. The decrease in credit risk was mainly due to a decrease in securitization exposures
as a result of sell-offs and maturities as well as calls of agency debt securities within our wholesale investment portfolio, partially offset by an increase in derivatives exposure from marked-to-market FX contracts stemming from a stronger dollar and an increase in securities finance agency lending. The market risk decrease was a result of reduced end of day positions in FX and interest rate risk. Operational risk increased approximately $700 million mainly due to an increase in loss event frequency. The increase in credit valuation adjustment was driven by an increase in the market valuation FX contracts.
The following table presents a roll-forward of the Basel III standardized approach risk-weighted assets for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 and year ended December 31, 2016.
TABLE 40: STANDARDIZED APPROACH RWA ROLL-FORWARD
 State Street
(In millions) September 30,
2017		 December 31, 2016
Total estimated risk-weighted assets, beginning of period(1)
 $99,876
 $95,893
Changes in credit risk-weighted assets:    
Net increase (decrease) in investment securities-wholesale 2,068
 (1,471)
Net increase (decrease) in loans and leases 3,523
 998
Net increase (decrease) in securitization exposures (216) (3,144)
Net increase (decrease) in repo-style transaction exposures 3,128
 4,994
Net increase (decrease) in OTC derivatives exposures (1,268) 3,462
Net increase (decrease) in all other(2)
 1,017
 (229)
Net increase (decrease) in credit risk-weighted assets 8,252
 4,610
Net increase (decrease) in market risk-weighted assets (548) (627)
Total risk-weighted assets, end of period $107,580
 $99,876
(1) Standardized approach risk-weighted assets as of the periods noted above were calculated using State Street’s estimates, based on our then current interpretation of the Basel III final rule.
(2) Includes assets not in a definable category, cleared transactions, other wholesale, cash and due from andbanks, interest-bearing deposits with banks, and equity exposures.
NA Not applicable
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, total standardized approach risk-weighted assetsadvanced approaches RWA increased $7.70$6.75 billion compared to December 31, 2016, primarily the result of2020, mainly due to an increase in credit risk partially offsetRWA. The increase in credit risk RWA was primarily driven by a decrease in market risk resulting from a lower stressed VaR. The main drivers of the credit risk change are annet increase in equities within the securities finance portfolio, an increase in the investment portfolio due to purchases exceeding salesall other, and an increase in overdrafts due to an increase in U.S. short-duration advances to clients, offset by a decrease in FX contracts due to a shift to counterparties with a lower weighted-average risk-weight.loans RWA.

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

As of December 31, 2016,June 30, 2021, total standardized approach risk-weighted assetsRWA increased $3.98$4.84 billion compared to December 31, 2015,2020, mainly due to higher credit risk RWA. The increase in credit risk RWA was primarily the result ofdriven by an increase in securities finance agency lending, an increase in market values of FX contracts,trading and loans RWA, partially offset by a decrease in securitization exposures, wholesale investments and market risk. The decrease in securitization was due to sell-offs and maturities while the decrease in wholesale investments was due to calls of agency debt securities. Market risk reduction resulted from a lower stressed VaR.repo-style transactions RWA.
The regulatory capital ratios as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, presented in Table 37:35: Regulatory Capital Structure and Related Regulatory Capital Ratios, are calculated under the advanced approaches and standardized approach and advanced approaches in conformity with the Basel III final rule. The advanced approaches-based ratios (actual and estimated pro forma) reflect calculations and determinations with respect to our capital and related matters as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, based on State Streetour and external data, quantitative formulae, statistical models, historical correlations and assumptions, collectively referred to as “advanced systems,” in effect and used by State Streetus for those purposes as of the time we first reported such ratios in a quarterly report on Form 10-Q.10-Q or an annual report on Form 10-K. Significant components of these advanced systems involve the exercise of judgment by us and our regulators, and our advanced systems may not, individually or collectively, precisely represent or calculate the scenarios, circumstances, outputs or other results for which they are designed or intended.
Our advanced systems are subject to update and periodic revalidation in response to changes in our business activities and our historical experiences, forces and events experienced by the market broadly or by individual financial institutions, changes in regulations and regulatory interpretations and other factors, and are also subject to continuing regulatory review and approval. For example, a significant operational loss experienced by another financial institution, even if we do not experience a related loss, could result in a material change in the output of our advanced systems and a corresponding material change in our risk exposures, our total risk-weighted assetsRWA and our capital ratios compared to prior periods. An operational loss that we experience could also result in a material change in our capital requirements for operational risk under the advanced approaches, depending on the severity of the loss event, its characterization among the seven Basel-defined UOMs,UOM, and the stability of the distributional approach for a particular UOM, and without direct correlation to the effects of the loss event, or the timing of such effects, on our results of operations.
Due to the influence of changes in these advanced systems, whether resulting from changes in data inputs, regulation or regulatory supervision or interpretation, State Street-specificspecific to us or market activities or experiences or other updates or factors, we expect that our advanced systems and our capital ratios calculated in conformity with the Basel III final rule will change and may be volatile over time, and that those latter changes or volatility could be material as calculated and measured from period to period. Models implemented under the Basel III final rule, particularly those implementing the advanced approaches, remain subject to regulatory review and approval. The full effects of the Basel III final rule on State Streetus and State Street Bank are therefore subject to further evaluation and also to further regulatory guidance, action or rule-making.

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Table of Contents
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Estimated Basel III Fully Phased-in Capital
Tier 1 and Supplementary Leverage Ratios
Table 41: Regulatory Capital StructureWe are subject to a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio and Related Regulatory Capital Ratios - State Street,a supplementary leverage ratio. The Tier 1 leverage ratio is based on Tier 1 capital and Table 42: Regulatory Capital Structure and Related Regulatory Capital Ratios - State Street Bank, present our capital ratios for State Street and State Street Bank as of September 30, 2017, calculatedadjusted quarterly average on-balance sheet assets. The Tier 1 leverage ratio differs from the SLR primarily in conformity withthat the advanced approaches provisions and standardized approachdenominator of the Basel III final ruleTier 1 leverage ratio is a quarterly average of on-balance sheet assets, while the SLR additionally includes off-balance sheet exposures. We must maintain a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4%.
We are also subject to a minimum SLR of 3%, and as a U.S. G-SIB, we must maintain a 2% SLR buffer in order to avoid any limitations on a pro forma basis underdistributions to shareholders and discretionary bonus payments to certain executives. If we do not maintain this buffer, limitations on these distributions and discretionary bonus payments would be increasingly stringent based upon the fully phased-in provisionsextent of the Basel III final rule.shortfall.
TABLE 41: REGULATORY CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND RELATED REGULATORY CAPITAL RATIOS - STATE STREET
September 30, 2017
(In millions)		    Basel III Advanced Approaches Phase-In Provisions Basel III Advanced Approaches Fully Phased-In Pro-Forma Estimate Basel III Standardized Approach Phase-In Provisions Basel III Standardized Approach Fully Phased-In Pro-Forma Estimate
Total common shareholders' equity $19,300
 $3
 $19,303
 $19,300
 $3
 $19,303
Regulatory capital adjustments:            
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities (6,739) (270) (7,009) (6,739) (270) (7,009)
Other adjustments (122) (30) (152) (122) (30) (152)
Common equity tier 1 capital 12,439
 (297) 12,142
 12,439
 (297) 12,142
Additional tier 1 capital:            
Preferred stock    3,196
 —
 3,196
 3,196
 —
 3,196
Trust preferred capital securities —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Other adjustments    (29) 29
 —
 (29) 29
 —
Additional tier 1 capital    3,167
 29
 3,196
 3,167
 29
 3,196
Tier 1 capital    15,606
 (268) 15,338
 15,606
 (268) 15,338
Tier 2 capital:               
Qualifying subordinated long-term debt 1,072
 1
 1,073
 1,072
 1
 1,073
Trust preferred capital securities —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
ALLL and other    5
 1
 6
 79
 —
 79
Other    1
 (1) —
 1
 (1) —
Tier 2 capital    1,078
 1
 1,079
 1,152
 —
 1,152
Total capital    $16,684
 $(267) $16,417
 $16,758
 $(268) $16,490
Risk weighted assets    $98,997
 $(57) $98,940
 $107,580
 $(54) $107,526
Adjusted average assets    211,396
 (184) 211,212
 211,396
 (184) 211,212
Total assets for SLR    240,636
 (270) 240,366
 240,636
 (270) 240,366
                
Capital ratios(1):
Minimum RequirementMinimum Requirement Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge 2017Minimum Requirement Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge 2019            
Common equity tier 1 capital(2)
4.5%6.5%8.5% 12.6%   12.3% 11.6% 
 11.3%
Tier 1 capital6.0
8.0
10.0
 15.8
   15.5
 14.5
 
 14.3
Total capital8.0
10.0
12.0
 16.9
   16.6
 15.6
 
 15.3
Tier 1 leverage4.0
NA
NA
 7.4
   7.3
 7.4
 
 7.3
Supplementary leverage5.0
NA
NA
 6.5
   6.4
 6.5
 
 6.4
TABLE 38: TIER 1 AND SUPPLEMENTARY LEVERAGE RATIOS
(Dollars in millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
State Street:
Tier 1 capital$15,667 $16,848 
Average assets308,195 277,055 
Less: adjustments for deductions from tier 1 capital and other(9,513)(13,565)
Adjusted average assets for tier 1 leverage ratio298,682 263,490 
Derivatives and repo-style transactions and off-balance sheet exposures31,020 34,379 
Adjustments for deductions of qualifying central bank deposits(97,459)(90,322)
Total assets for SLR$232,243 $207,547 
Tier 1 leverage ratio(1)
5.2 %6.4 %
Supplementary leverage ratio6.7 8.1 
State Street Bank(2):
Tier 1 capital$17,853 $17,306 
Average assets304,486 273,599 
Less: adjustments for deductions from tier 1 capital and other(9,055)(13,110)
Adjusted average assets for tier 1 leverage ratio295,431 260,489 
Off-balance sheet exposures31,022 38,591 
Adjustments for deductions of qualifying central bank deposits(97,459)(80,935)
Total assets for SLR$228,994 $218,145 
Tier 1 leverage ratio(1)
6.0 %6.6 %
Supplementary leverage ratio7.8 7.9 
(1) CET1 ratio is calculated by dividing common equity tierTier 1 capital (numerator) by risk-weighted assets (denominator); tier 1 capital ratio is calculated by dividing tier 1 capital (numerator) by risk-weighted assets (denominator); total capital ratio is calculated by dividing total capital (numerator) by risk-weighted assets (denominator); tier 1 leverage ratio is calculated by dividing tier 1 capital (numerator) by adjusted average assets (denominator); and supplementary leverage ratio, or SLR, is calculated by dividing tier 1 capital (numerator) by total assets for SLR (denominator).
(2) CET1 ratios were calculated in conformity with the provisions of the Basel III final rule; refer to Table 37: Regulatory Capital Structure and Related Regulatory Capital Ratios.rule.
NA Not applicable



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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

TABLE 42: REGULATORY CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND RELATED REGULATORY CAPITAL RATIOS - STATE STREET BANK
September 30, 2017
(In millions)		    Basel III Advanced Approaches Phase-In Provisions Basel III Advanced Approaches Fully Phased-In Pro-Forma Estimate Basel III Standardized Approach Phase-In Provisions Basel III Standardized Approach Fully Phased-In Pro-Forma Estimate
Total common shareholders' equity $22,860
 $5
 $22,865
 $22,860
 $5
 $22,865
Regulatory capital adjustments:            
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities (6,447) (260) (6,707) (6,447) (260) (6,707)
Other adjustments (90) (1) (91) (90) (1) (91)
Common equity tier 1 capital 16,323
 (256) 16,067
 16,323
 (256) 16,067
Additional tier 1 capital:            
Preferred stock —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Other adjustments —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Additional tier 1 capital —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Tier 1 capital 16,323
 (256) 16,067
 16,323
 (256) 16,067
Tier 2 capital:            
Qualifying subordinated long-term debt 1,076
 —
 1,076
 1,076
 —
 1,076
ALLL and other —
 —
 —
 79
 —
 79
Tier 2 capital 1,076
 —
 1,076
 1,155
 —
 1,155
Total capital $17,399
 $(256) $17,143
 $17,478
 $(256) $17,222
Risk weighted assets $95,557
 $(100) $95,457
 $104,227
 $(95) $104,132
Adjusted average assets 208,308
 (176) 208,132
 208,308
 (176) 208,132
Total assets for SLR 237,579
 (260) 237,319
 237,579
 (260) 237,319
                
Capital ratios(1):
Minimum RequirementMinimum Requirement Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge 2017Minimum Requirement Including Capital Conservation Buffer and G-SIB Surcharge 2019            
Common equity tier 1 capital(2)
4.5%6.5%8.5% 17.1% 
 16.8% 15.7% 
 15.4%
Tier 1 capital6.0
8.0
10.0
 17.1
 
 16.8
 15.7
 
 15.4
Total capital8.0
10.0
12.0
 18.2
 
 18.0
 16.8
 
 16.5
Tier 1 leverage4.0
NA
NA
 7.8
 
 7.7
 7.8
 
 7.7
Supplementary leverage6.0
NA
NA
 6.9
 
 6.8
 6.9
 
 6.8
(1) CET1 capital ratio is calculated by dividing common equity tier 1 capital (numerator) by risk-weighted assets (denominator); tier 1 capital ratio is calculated by dividing tier 1 capital (numerator) by risk-weighted assets (denominator); total capital ratio is calculated by dividing total capital (numerator) by risk-weighted assets (denominator); tier 1 leverage ratio is calculated by dividing tier 1 capital (numerator) by adjusted average assets (denominator); and supplementary leverage ratio is calculated by dividing tier 1 capital (numerator) by total assets for(2) The SLR (denominator).
(2) CET1 ratios were calculated in conformity with the provisions of the Basel III final rule; refer to Table 37: Regulatory Capital Structure and Related Regulatory Capital Ratios.
NA Not applicable
Fully phased-in pro-forma estimates of common shareholders' equity include 100% of AOCI, including AOCI attributable to AFS securities, cash flow hedges and defined benefit pension plans. Fully phased-in pro-forma estimates of CET1 capital reflect 100% of applicable deductions, including but not limited to, intangible assets net of deferred tax liabilities. Fully phased-in tier 1 capital reflects the transition of trust preferred capital securities from tier 1 capital to tier 2 capital. For both Basel III advanced and standardized approaches, fully phased-in pro-forma estimates of risk-weighted assets reflect the exclusion of intangible assets, offset by additions related to non-significant equity exposures and deferred tax assets related to temporary differences.
The Volcker rule, including the required capital deduction for investments in a covered fund, became effective on July 21, 2015, for investments in and relationships with a covered fund made after December 31, 2013. For legacy covered funds, the Volcker rule capital deduction became effective on July 21, 2017. For additional information on the Volcker rule, refer to pages 9 to 10 included under Item 1, Business, in our 2016 Form 10-K.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Supplementary Leverage Ratio
In 2014, U.S. banking regulators issued final rules implementing an SLR, for certain bank holding companies, like State Street, and their insured depository institution subsidiaries, like State Street Bank, which we refer to as the SLR final rule. Upon implementation, the SLR final rule requires that, as of January 1, 2018, (i) State Street Bank maintainmaintains an SLR of at least 6%6.0% to be well capitalized under the U.S. banking regulators’ PCA frameworkPrompt Corrective Action Framework and (ii) State Streetwe maintain an SLR of at least 5%5.0% to avoid
limitations on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments. In addition to the SLR, State Street Bank is subject to a minimum tierwell-capitalized Tier 1 leverage ratio requirement of 4%5.0%.
Total Loss-Absorbing Capacity (TLAC)
In 2016, the Federal Reserve released its final rule on TLAC, LTD and clean holding company requirements for U.S. domiciled G-SIBs, such as us, that is intended to improve the resiliency and resolvability of certain U.S. banking organizations through enhanced prudential standards. Among other things, the TLAC final rule requires us to comply with minimum requirements for external TLAC and external LTD effective January 1, 2019. Specifically, we must hold:
Amount equal to:
Combined eligible tier 1 regulatory capital and LTD
Greater of:
•21.5% of total RWA (18.0% minimum plus 2.5% plus a G-SIB surcharge calculated for these purposes under Method 1 of 1.0% plus any applicable counter- cyclical buffer, which is currently 0%); and
•9.5% of total leverage exposure (7.5% minimum plus the SLR buffer of 2.0%), as defined by the SLR final rule.

Qualifying external LTD
Greater of:
•7.0% of RWA (6.0% minimum plus a G-SIB surcharge calculated for these purposes under method 2 of 1.0%); and

•4.5% of total leverage exposure, as defined by the SLR final rule.

As of April 1, 2020, the TLAC and LTD requirements calibrated to the SLR denominator reflect the deduction of certain central bank balances as prescribed by the regulatory relief implemented under the EGRRCPA.
The following table presents external LTD and external TLAC as of June 30, 2021.
TABLE 39: TOTAL LOSS-ABSORBING CAPACITY
As of June 30, 2021
(Dollars in millions)ActualRequirement
Total loss-absorbing capacity (eligible Tier 1 regulatory capacity and long-term debt):
Risk-weighted assets$28,612 23.5 %$26,213 21.5 %
Supplemental leverage ratio28,612 12.3 22,063 9.5 
Long-term debt:
Risk-weighted assets11,676 9.6 8,535 7.0 
Supplemental leverage ratio11,676 5.0 10,451 4.5 
Regulatory Developments
In April 2018, the Federal Reserve issued a proposed rule which differswould replace the current 2.0% SLR buffer for G-SIBs, with a buffer equal to 50% of their G-SIB surcharge. This proposal would also make conforming modifications to our TLAC and eligible LTD requirements applicable to G-SIBs. At
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
this point in time, it is unclear whether this proposal will be implemented as proposed.
In November 2019, the Federal Reserve and other U.S. federal banking agencies issued a final rule to implement the Standardized Approach for Counterparty Credit Risk (SA-CCR) as a replacement of the Current Exposure Method for calculating exposure-at-default of derivatives exposures. Mandatory compliance with the final rule is required by January 1, 2022.
On March 4, 2020, the U.S. federal banking agencies issued the SCB final rule that replaces, under the standardized approach, the capital conservation buffer (2.5%) with a SCB calculated as the difference between an institution’s starting and lowest projected CET1 ratio under the CCAR severely adverse scenario plus planned common stock dividend payments (as a percentage of RWA) from the SLR primarilyfourth through seventh quarter of the CCAR planning horizon. The SCB requirement, which became effective October 1, 2020, can be no less than 2.5% of RWA.
The Federal Reserve and other U.S. federal banking agencies issued an interim final rule effective in March 2020 and later finalized on a permanent basis on August 26, 2020, which revised the definition of eligible retained income for all U.S. banking organizations. The revised definition of eligible retained income makes any automatic limitations on capital distributions, where a banking organization's regulatory ratios were to decline below the respective minimum requirements, take effect on a more gradual basis.
Following the launch of the MMLF program, which we participated in, the Federal Reserve issued an interim final rule on March 19, 2020 (followed by a final rule on September 29, 2020), allowing Bank Holding Companies (BHCs) to exclude assets purchased with the MMLF program from their RWA, total leverage exposure and average total consolidated assets. No new credit extensions were made after March 31, 2021, as the program had expired.
On March 27, 2020, the BCBS announced the deferral of the implementation of the revisions to the Basel III framework to January 1, 2023. As of now, the U.S. federal banking agencies have not formally proposed the implementation of the BCBS revisions.
Effective April 1, 2020, the Federal Reserve and other U.S. federal banking agencies adopted a final rule as part of EGRRCPA that establishes a deduction for qualifying central bank deposits from a custodial banking organization’s total leverage
exposure equal to the lesser of (i) the total amount of funds the custodial banking organization and its consolidated subsidiaries have on deposit at qualifying central banks and (ii) the total amount of client funds on deposit at the custodial banking organization that are linked to fiduciary or custodial and safekeeping accounts. For the quarter ended June 30, 2021, we deducted $97.5 billion of average balances held on deposit at central banks from the denominator used in the calculation of our SLR, based on this custodial banking deduction.
On October 20, 2020, the Federal Reserve and other U.S. federal banking agencies issued a final rule that will require us and State Street Bank to make certain deductions from regulatory capital for investments in certain unsecured debt instruments, including eligible LTD under the TLAC rule, issued by the Parent Company and other U.S. and foreign G-SIBs. The final rule became effective on April 1, 2021.
In light of considerable economic uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic, all participating CCAR banking organizations were required to resubmit their capital plans by November 2, 2020, based on updated scenarios provided by the Federal Reserve on September 17, 2020.
In light of the tier 1 leverage ratio is onlydecision to administer a quarterlynew stress test, the Federal Reserve limited the ability of all CCAR banking organizations to make capital distributions in the third and fourth quarters of 2020, although banking organizations were permitted to pay common stock dividends at previous levels provided such distributions did not exceed an amount determined by a formula based on the banking organization's recent income. As a result, CCAR banking organizations, including us, were not permitted to return capital to shareholders in the form of common share repurchases during the third quarter and fourth quarter of 2020.
On December 18, 2020, following the release of a second round of stress test results for 2020, the Federal Reserve modified the restrictions on capital distributions for the first quarter of 2021. Common stock dividends and share repurchases in the first quarter of 2021 were limited to the average of on-balance sheet assets and doesour net income for the four preceding quarters plus a number of shares equal to the share issuances in the quarter related to expensed employee compensation, provided that we did not include any off-balance sheet exposures. Beginning with reporting forincrease the amount of our common stock dividends to be larger than the level paid in the second quarter of 2020. On March 31, 2015, State Street was required to include SLR disclosures, calculated on a transitional basis, with its other Basel disclosures.25, 2021, the Federal Reserve extended these restrictions through the second quarter of 2021.
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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
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TABLE 43: SUPPLEMENTARY LEVERAGE RATIO
September 30, 2017 Transitional SLR Phase-In Provisions Fully Phased-in Pro-Forma SLR Estimate
(Dollars in millions)   
State Street:      
Tier 1 capital $15,606
 $(268) $15,338
       
On-and off-balance sheet leverage exposure 247,527
 —
 247,527
Less: regulatory deductions (6,891) (270) (7,161)
Total assets for SLR $240,636
 $(270) $240,366
Supplementary leverage ratio 6.5% (0.1)% 6.4%
       
State Street Bank:      
Tier 1 capital $16,323
 $(256) $16,067
       
On-and off-balance sheet leverage exposure 244,114
 —
 244,114
Less: regulatory deductions (6,535) (260) (6,795)
Total assets for SLR $237,579
 $(260) $237,319
Supplementary leverage ratio 6.9% (0.1)% 6.8%
On June 24, 2021, we were notified by the Federal Reserve of the results from the 2021 supervisory stress test. Our preliminary SCB calculated under this year's supervisory stress test was well below the 2.5% minimum, resulting in an SCB at that floor, which will go into effect starting October 1, 2021 and run through September 30, 2022. The Federal Reserve also lifted the restrictions on capital distributions implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and we are currently governed in our capital distributions by minimum capital requirements inclusive of SCB.
For additional information about our capital, refer to pages 113 to 121 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our 2020 Form 10-K.
Capital Actions
Preferred Stock
The following table summarizes selected terms of each of the series of the preferred stock issued and outstanding as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017:2021:
TABLE 40: PREFERRED STOCK ISSUED AND OUTSTANDING
Preferred Stock(1):
Issuance DateDepositary Shares IssuedAmount outstanding (in millions)Ownership Interest Per Depositary ShareLiquidation Preference Per ShareLiquidation Preference Per Depositary SharePer Annum Dividend RateDividend Payment FrequencyCarrying Value as of June 30, 2021
(In millions)
Redemption Date(2)
Series DFebruary 201430,000,000 7501/4,000th100,000 25 5.90% to but excluding March 15, 2024, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 3.108%Quarterly: March, June, September and December$742 March 15, 2024
Series F(3)
May 2015250,000 2501/100th100,000 1,000 5.25% to but excluding September 15, 2020, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 3.597%, or 3.71588% effective June 15, 2021Quarterly: March, June, September and December247 September 15, 2020
Series GApril 201620,000,000 5001/4,000th100,000 25 5.35% to but excluding March 15, 2026, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 3.709%Quarterly: March, June, September and December493 March 15, 2026
Series HSeptember 2018500,000 5001/100th100,000 1,000 5.625% to but excluding December 15, 2023, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 2.539%Semi-annually: June and December494 December 15, 2023
TABLE 44: PREFERRED STOCK ISSUED AND OUTSTANDING
 Issuance Date Depositary Shares Issued Ownership Interest Per Depositary Share Liquidation Preference Per Share Liquidation Preference Per Depositary Share Net Proceeds of Offering (In millions) 
Redemption Date(1)
Preferred Stock(2):
            
Series CAugust 2012 20,000,000

1/4,000th
$100,000

$25

$488

September 15, 2017
Series DFebruary 2014 30,000,000

1/4,000th
100,000

25

742

March 15, 2024
Series ENovember 2014 30,000,000

1/4,000th
100,000

25

728

December 15, 2019
Series FMay 2015 750,000

1/100th
100,000

1,000

742

September 15, 2020
Series GApril 2016 20,000,000

1/4,000th
100,000

25

493

March 15, 2026
(1) On the redemption date, or any dividend declaration date thereafter, the preferred stock and corresponding depositary shares may be redeemed by us, in whole or in part, at the liquidation price per share and liquidation price per depositary share plus any declared and unpaid dividends, without accumulation of any undeclared dividends.
(2) (1) The preferred stock and corresponding depositary shares may be redeemed at our option in whole, but not in part, prior to the redemption date upon the occurrence of a regulatory capital treatment event, as defined in the certificate of designation, at a redemption price equal to the liquidation price per share and liquidation price per depositary share plus any declared and unpaid dividends, without accumulation of any undeclared dividends.

(2) On the redemption date, or any dividend payment date thereafter, the preferred stock and corresponding depositary shares may be redeemed by us, in whole or in part, at the liquidation price per share and liquidation price per depositary share plus any declared and unpaid dividends, without accumulation of any undeclared dividends.
(3) Series F preferred stock is redeemable on September 15, 2020 and on each succeeding dividend payment date. We did not elect redemption on September 15, 2020 or December 15, 2020.
On March 15, 2021, we redeemed an aggregate of $500 million, or 5,000 of the 7,500 outstanding shares of our non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series F, for cash at a redemption price of $100,000 per share (equivalent to $1,000 per depositary share) plus all declared and unpaid dividends.
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The following tables present the dividends declared for each of the series of preferred stock issued and outstanding for the periods indicated:
TABLE 45: PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS QUARTERS TO DATE
 Quarters Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share 
Total
(In millions)(1)
 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share Total
(In millions)
Preferred Stock:           
Series C$1,313

$0.33

$6

$1,313

$0.33

$6
Series D1,475

0.37

11

1,475

0.37

11
Series E1,500

0.38

11

1,500

0.38

11
Series F2,625

26.25

20

2,625

26.25

20
Series G1,338

0.33

7

1,338

0.33

7
Total    $55
     $55
TABLE 46: PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share Total
(In millions)		 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share Total
(In millions)
Preferred Stock:           
Series C$3,939
 $0.99
 $19
 $3,939
 $0.99
 $19
Series D4,425
 1.11
 33
 4,425
 1.11
 33
Series E4,500
 1.14
 33
 4,500
 1.14
 33
Series F5,250
 52.50
 40
 5,250
 52.50
 40
Series G4,014
 0.99
 21
 2,289
 0.57
 12
Total    $146
     $137
TABLE 41: PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS
(1) Dividends were paid in September 2017.
Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)Dividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotalDividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotal
Preferred Stock:
Series C$— $— $— $— $— $— 
Series D1,475 0.37 11 1,475 0.37 11 
Series F966 9.66 2 — — — 
Series G1,338 0.33 7 1,338 0.33 7 
Series H2,813 28.13 14 2,813 28.13 14 
Total$34 $32 
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)Dividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotalDividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotal
Preferred Stock:
Series C$— $— $— $1,313 $0.33 $6 
Series D2,950 0.74 22 2,950 0.74 22 
Series F1,919 19.19 9 2,625 26.25 20 
Series G2,676 0.66 14 2,676 0.66 14 
Series H2,813 28.13 14 2,813 28.13 14 
Total$59 $76 
In October 2017, we declared dividends on our Series C, D, E and G preferred stock of approximately $1,313, $1,475, $1,500 and $1,338, respectively, per share, or approximately $0.33, $0.37, $0.38 and $0.33, respectively, per depositary share. These dividends total approximately $6 million, $11 million, $11 million and $7 million on our Series C, D, E and G preferred stock, respectively, which will be paid in December 2017.
Common Stock
In June 2017,2019, the Federal Reserve issued a non-objection to our capital plan submitted as part of the 2019 CCAR submission; and in connection with that capital plan, our Board approved a common stock purchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $1.4$2.0 billion of our common stock from July 1, 2019 through June 30, 2020 (the 2019 Program). We repurchased $500 million of our common stock in the first quarter of 2020 under the 2019 Program.
On March 16, 2020, we, along with the other U.S. G-SIBs, suspended common share repurchases and maintained this suspension through the fourth quarter of 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This suspension was consistent with limitations imposed by the Federal Reserve beginning in the second quarter of 2020. As a result, we had no repurchases of our common stock in the second, third or fourth quarters of 2020. In December 2020, the Federal Reserve issued results of 2020 resubmission stress tests and authorized us to continue to pay common stock dividends at current levels and to resume repurchasing common shares in the first quarter of 2021. In January 2021, our Board authorized a common share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $475 million of our common stock through March 31, 2021. We repurchased $475 million of our common stock in the first quarter of 2021. In April 2021, our Board authorized a common share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $425 million of our common stock through June 30, 2018 (the 2017 Program).
2021, in compliance with the limit set by the Federal Reserve. We repurchased $425 million of our common stock in the second quarter of 2021. In June 2016,July 2021, our Board approvedauthorized a common stock purchaseshare repurchase program authorizingfor the purchase of up to$1.4 $3.0 billion of our common stock through June 30, 2017 (the 2016 Program). the end of 2022.
The table below presents the activity under both the 2017 Program and 2016 Program duringour common stock purchase program for the periods indicated:
TABLE 42: SHARES REPURCHASED
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Shares Acquired
(In millions)
Average Cost per Share
Total Acquired
(In millions)
Shares Acquired
(In millions)
Average Cost per Share
Total Acquired
(In millions)
5.0 $84.71 $425 11.2 $80.00 $900 
TABLE 47: SHARES REPURCHASED
 Quarter Ended September 30, 2017 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
 Shares Acquired
(In millions)		 Average Cost per Share Total Acquired
(In millions)		 Shares Acquired
(In millions)		 Average Cost per Share Total Acquired
(In millions)
2016 Program(1)
—
 $—
 $—
 9.4
 $79.93
 $750
2017 Program3.7
 93.39
 350
 3.7
 93.39
 350
Total3.7
 $93.39
 $350
 13.1
 $83.77
 $1,100
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Shares Acquired
(In millions)		Average Cost per ShareTotal Acquired
(In millions)		Shares Acquired
(In millions)		Average Cost per ShareTotal Acquired
(In millions)
2019 Program— $— $— 6.5 $77.35 $500 
(1) Includes $158 million relating to shares acquired in exchange for BFDS stock during the first quarter of 2017. Additional information about the exchange is provided in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The table below presents the dividends declared on common stock for the periods indicated:
TABLE 43: COMMON STOCK DIVIDENDSTABLE 43: COMMON STOCK DIVIDENDS
Three Months Ended June 30,
TABLE 48: COMMON STOCK DIVIDENDS
Quarters Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,20212020
Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
 Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
 Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
 Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)
2017 2016 2017 2016
Common Stock$0.42
 $156
 $0.38
 $147
 $1.18
 $442
 $1.06
 $414
Common Stock$0.52 $179 $0.52 $183 
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)
Common StockCommon Stock$1.04 $361 $1.04 $366 

Federal and state banking regulations place certain restrictions on dividends paid by subsidiary banks to the parent holding company. In addition, banking regulators have the authority to prohibit bank holding companies from paying dividends. For information concerning limitations on dividends from our subsidiary banks, refer to pages 49 to 5055 and 57 in "Related Stockholder Matters" included under Item 5, Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities,, in our 2020 Form 10-K, and to pages 171 to 173 in Note 15 on pages 176 to 178 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2016 Form 10-K.8. Our common stock and preferred stock dividends, including the declaration, timing and amount thereof, are subject to consideration and approval by the Board at the relevant times.
Stock purchases may be made using various types of mechanisms,transactions, including open marketopen-market purchases, accelerated share repurchases or other transactions off the market, and may be made under Rule 10b5-1 trading programs. The timing and amount of any stock purchases typesand the type of transactions and number of shares purchasedtransaction will depend on several factors, including investment opportunities, our capital position, our financial performance, market conditions and State Street’s capital positions, its financial performance and investment opportunities.the amount of common stock issued as part of employee compensation programs. The common stock purchase program does not have specific price targets and may be suspended at any time.

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
On behalf of clients enrolled in our securities lending program, we lend securities to banks, broker/dealers and other institutions. In most circumstances, we indemnify our clients for the fair market value of those securities against a failure of the borrower to return such securities. Though these transactions are collateralized, the substantial volume of these activities necessitates detailed credit-based underwriting and monitoring processes. The aggregate amount of indemnified securities on loan totaled $379.46$421.86 billion and $440.88 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017, compared to $360.45 billion as of2021 and December 31, 2016.2020, respectively. We require the borrower to provide collateral in an amount in excess of 100% of the fair market value of the securities borrowed. We hold the collateral received in connection with these securities lending services as agent, and the collateral is not recorded in our consolidated statement of condition. We revalue the securities on loan and the collateral daily to determine if additional collateral is necessary or if excess collateral is required to be returned to the borrower. We held, as agent, cash and securities totaling $396.12$442.44 billion and $377.92$463.27 billion as collateral for indemnified securities on loan as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively.
The cash collateral held by us as agent is invested on behalf of our clients. In certain cases, the cash collateral is invested in third-party repurchase agreements, for which we indemnify the client against loss of the principal invested. We require the counterparty to the indemnified repurchase agreement to provide collateral in an amount in excess of 100% of the amount of the repurchase agreement. In our role as agent, the indemnified repurchase agreements and the related collateral held by us are not recorded in our consolidated statement of condition. Of the collateral of $396.12$442.44 billion and $377.92$463.27 billion, referenced above, $68.24$66.69 billion and $60.00$54.43 billion was invested in indemnified repurchase agreements as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively. We or our agents held $73.16$71.90 billion and $63.96$58.09 billion as collateral for indemnified investments in repurchase agreements as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively.
Additional information about our securities finance activities and other off-balance sheet arrangements is provided in Notes 7, 9 and 911 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS
Information with respect to recent accounting developments is provided in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

State Street Corporation | 5150



Table of Contents


QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The information provided under Financial Condition - Market“Market Risk ManagementManagement” in Management’s"Financial Condition" in our Management's Discussion and Analysis included in this Form 10-Q, is incorporated by reference herein.
For more information on our market risk refer to pages 98104 to 105112 included under Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
State Street hasWe have established and maintainsmaintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information related to State Streetus and itsour subsidiaries on a consolidated basis required to be disclosed in itsour reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to State Street'sour management, including itsour Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. For the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, State Street's2021, our management carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of State Street'sour disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that State Street'sour disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.
State Street has alsoWe have established and maintainsmaintain internal control over financial reporting as a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in conformity with U.S. GAAP. In the ordinary course of business, State Streetwe routinely enhances itsenhance our internal controls and procedures for financial reporting by either upgrading itsour current systems or implementing new systems. Changes have been made and may be made to State Street'sour internal controls and procedures for financial reporting as a result of these efforts. During the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, no change occurred in State Street'sour internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, State Street'sour internal control over financial reporting.




State Street Corporation | 5251




STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME
(UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)2021202020212020
Fee revenue:
Servicing fees$1,399 $1,272 $2,770 $2,559 
Management fees504 444 997 908 
Foreign exchange trading services286 325 632 769 
Securities finance109 92 208 184 
Software and processing fees216 245 390 357 
Total fee revenue2,514 2,378 4,997 4,777 
Net interest income:
Interest income467 674 938 1,542 
Interest expense0 115 4 319 
Net interest income467 559 934 1,223 
Other income:
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net0 0 0 2 
Other income53 0 53 0 
Total other income53 0 53 2 
Total revenue3,034 2,937 5,984 6,002 
Provision for credit losses(15)52 (24)88 
Expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits1,077 1,051 2,319 2,259 
Information systems and communications398 376 819 761 
Transaction processing services263 233 533 487 
Occupancy100 109 209 218 
Acquisition and restructuring costs11 12 21 23 
Amortization of other intangible assets63 58 121 116 
Other199 243 421 473 
Total expenses2,111 2,082 4,443 4,337 
Income before income tax expense938 803 1,565 1,577 
Income tax expense175 109 283 249 
Net income$763 $694 $1,282 $1,328 
Net income available to common shareholders$728 $662 $1,217 $1,242 
Earnings per common share:
Basic$2.11 $1.88 $3.49 $3.52 
Diluted2.07 1.86 3.44 3.48 
Average common shares outstanding (in thousands):
Basic345,889 352,157 348,303 352,952 
Diluted351,582 356,413 353,434 357,028 
Cash dividends declared per common share$.52 $.52 $1.04 $1.04 

 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)2017 2016 2017 2016
Fee revenue:       
Servicing fees$1,351
 $1,303
 $3,986
 $3,784
Management fees419
 368
 1,198
 931
Trading services259
 267
 823
 806
Securities finance147
 136
 459
 426
Processing fees and other66
 5
 209
 155
Total fee revenue2,242
 2,079
 6,675
 6,102
Net interest income:       
Interest income761
 647
 2,111
 1,896
Interest expense158
 110
 423
 326
Net interest income603
 537
 1,688
 1,570
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net:       
Gains (losses) from sales of available-for-sale securities, net1
 6
 (39) 7
Losses from other-than-temporary impairment—
 (2) —
 (2)
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net1
 4
 (39) 5
Total revenue2,846
 2,620
 8,324
 7,677
Provision for loan losses3
 —
 4
 8
Expenses:       
Compensation and employee benefits1,090
 1,013
 3,327
 3,109
Information systems and communications296
 285
 866
 827
Transaction processing services215
 200
 619
 601
Occupancy118
 107
 344
 331
Acquisition and restructuring costs33
 42
 133
 166
Professional services71
 95
 262
 270
Amortization of other intangible assets54
 55
 160
 153
Other144
 187
 427
 437
Total expenses2,021
 1,984
 6,138
 5,894
Income before income tax expense822
 636
 2,182
 1,775
Income tax expense (benefit)137
 72
 375
 226
Net income from non-controlling interest—
 (1) —
 1
Net income$685
 $563
 $1,807
 $1,550
Net income available to common shareholders$629
 $507
 $1,659
 $1,411
Earnings per common share:       
Basic$1.69
 $1.31
 $4.41
 $3.58
Diluted1.66
 1.29
 4.35
 3.54
Average common shares outstanding (in thousands):       
Basic372,765
 388,358
 376,430
 393,959
Diluted378,518
 393,212
 381,779
 398,413
Cash dividends declared per common share$.42
 $.38
 $1.18
 $1.06














The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

State Street Corporation | 5352





STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOMEINCOME(LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)20212020
Net income$763 $694 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes:
Foreign currency translation, net of related taxes of ($8) and $4, respectively49 152 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment and net of related taxes of ($14) and $132, respectively(35)327 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities designated in fair value hedges, net of related taxes of ($5) and $1, respectively(16)3 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of related taxes of ($4) and $3, respectively(4)6 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on retirement plans, net of related taxes of $1 and $1, respectively2 2 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(4)490 
Total comprehensive income$759 $1,184 
Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)20212020
Net income$1,282 $1,328 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes:
Foreign currency translation, net of related taxes of $45 and ($6), respectively(151)(148)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment and net of related taxes of ($175) and $167, respectively(460)461 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities designated in fair value hedges, net of related taxes of ($1) and ($2), respectively(4)(4)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of related taxes of ($4) and $47, respectively(4)123 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on retirement plans, net of related taxes of $4 and $5, respectively10 14 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(609)446 
Total comprehensive income$673 $1,774 

 Three Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)2017 2016
Net income$685
 $563
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes:   
Foreign currency translation, net of related taxes of ($7) and ($14), respectively259
 38
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment and net of related taxes of $28 and ($11), respectively47
 (13)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities designated in fair value hedges, net of related taxes of $4 and $9, respectively4
 13
Other-than-temporary impairment on held-to-maturity securities related to factors other than credit, net of related taxes of $1 and $1, respectively1
 2
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of related taxes of ($15) and ($27), respectively(27) (39)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on retirement plans, net of related taxes of $0 and ($1), respectively2
 3
Other comprehensive income (loss)286
 4
Total comprehensive income$971
 $567
    
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)2017 2016
Net income$1,807
 $1,550
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes:   
Foreign currency translation, net of related taxes of $6 and ($24), respectively785
 132
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment and net of related taxes of $336 and $347, respectively519
 533
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities designated in fair value hedges, net of related taxes of $9 and ($6), respectively13
 (9)
Other-than-temporary impairment on held-to-maturity securities related to factors other than credit, net of related taxes of $2 and $3, respectively3
 5
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of related taxes of ($179) and ($144), respectively(274) (213)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on retirement plans, net of related taxes of $2 and $2, respectively10
 1
Other comprehensive income (loss)1,056
 449
Total comprehensive income$2,863
 $1,999
































The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

State Street Corporation | 5453




STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CONDITION
(UNAUDITED)
June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)(UNAUDITED)
Assets:
Cash and due from banks$4,619 $3,467 
Interest-bearing deposits with banks113,347 116,960 
Securities purchased under resale agreements3,997 3,106 
Trading account assets721 815 
Investment securities available-for-sale67,497 59,048 
Investment securities held-to-maturity purchased under money market liquidity facility (less allowance for credit losses of $0 and $1) (fair value of $0 and $3,304)0 3,299 
Investment securities held-to-maturity (less allowance for credit losses of $2 and $2) (fair value of $45,685 and $50,003)45,182 48,929 
Loans (less allowance for credit losses on loans of $100 and $122)30,604 27,803 
Premises and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of $5,108 and $4,825)2,169 2,154 
Accrued interest and fees receivable3,358 3,105 
Goodwill7,629 7,683 
Other intangible assets1,933 1,827 
Other assets45,472 36,510 
Total assets$326,528 $314,706 
Liabilities:
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing$61,742 $49,439 
Interest-bearing - U.S.111,291 102,331 
Interest-bearing - non-U.S.90,936 88,028 
Total deposits263,969 239,798 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements658 3,413 
Short term borrowings under money market liquidity facility0 3,302 
Other short-term borrowings635 685 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities23,067 27,503 
Long-term debt13,032 13,805 
Total liabilities301,361 288,506 
Commitments, guarantees and contingencies (Notes 9 and 10)00
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, 0 par, 3,500,000 shares authorized:
Series D, 7,500 shares issued and outstanding742 742 
Series F, 2,500 shares issued and outstanding247 742 
Series G, 5,000 shares issued and outstanding493 493 
Series H, 5,000 shares issued and outstanding494 494 
Common stock, $1 par, 750,000,000 shares authorized:
503,879,642 and 503,879,642 shares issued, and 343,503,114 and 353,156,279 shares outstanding
504 504 
Surplus10,246 10,205 
Retained earnings24,300 23,442 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(422)187 
Treasury stock, at cost (160,376,528 and 150,723,363 shares)(11,437)(10,609)
Total shareholders’ equity25,167 26,200 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$326,528 $314,706 



(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Assets:(Unaudited)  
Cash and due from banks$3,939
 $1,314
Interest-bearing deposits with banks60,956
 70,935
Securities purchased under resale agreements3,465
 1,956
Trading account assets1,135
 1,024
Investment securities available-for-sale56,238
 61,998
Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $36,836 and $34,994)36,850
 35,169
Loans and leases (less allowance for losses of $57 and $53)23,581
 19,704
Premises and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of $3,750 and $3,333)2,167
 2,062
Accrued interest and fees receivable3,043
 2,644
Goodwill5,997
 5,814
Other intangible assets1,658
 1,750
Other assets36,957
 38,328
Total assets$235,986
 $242,698
Liabilities:   
Deposits:   
Non-interest-bearing$49,850
 $59,397
Interest-bearing—U.S.49,394
 30,911
Interest-bearing—non-U.S.80,019
 96,855
Total deposits179,263
 187,163
Securities sold under repurchase agreements3,867
 4,400
Other short-term borrowings1,253
 1,585
Accrued expenses and other liabilities17,390
 16,901
Long-term debt11,716
 11,430
Total liabilities213,489
 221,479
Commitments, guarantees and contingencies (Notes 9 and 10)
 
Shareholders’ equity:   
Preferred stock, no par, 3,500,000 shares authorized:   
Series C, 5,000 shares issued and outstanding491
 491
Series D, 7,500 shares issued and outstanding742
 742
Series E, 7,500 shares issued and outstanding728
 728
Series F, 7,500 shares issued and outstanding742
 742
Series G, 5,000 shares issued and outstanding493
 493
Common stock, $1 par, 750,000,000 shares authorized:   
503,879,642 and 503,879,642 shares issued504
 504
Surplus9,803
 9,782
Retained earnings18,675
 17,459
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(984) (2,040)
Treasury stock, at cost (133,038,955 and 121,940,502 shares)(8,697) (7,682)
Total shareholders’ equity22,497
 21,219
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$235,986
 $242,698










The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

State Street Corporation | 5554




STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(UNAUDITED)

(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts, shares in thousands)
Preferred
Stock
Common StockSurplus
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
Treasury StockTotal
SharesAmountSharesAmount
Balance at December 31, 2019$2,962 503,880 $504 $10,132 $21,918 $(876)146,490 $(10,209)$24,431 
Net income634 634 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(44)(44)
Preferred stock redeemed(491)(9)(500)
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock - $0.52 per share(183)(183)
Preferred stock(44)(44)
Common stock acquired6,464 (500)(500)
Common stock awards exercised23 (1,017)45 68 
Other (1)
0 (1)(1)0 (1)
Balance at March 31, 2020$2,471 503,880 $504 $10,155 $22,315 $(920)151,936 $(10,664)$23,861 
Net income694 694 
Other comprehensive income (loss)490 490 
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock - $0.52 per share(183)(183)
Preferred stock(32)(32)
Common stock acquired000 
Common stock awards exercised24 (443)20 44 
Other3 (1)(1)
Balance at June 30, 2020$2,471 503,880 $504 $10,179 $22,794 $(430)151,496 $(10,645)$24,873 
Balance at December 31, 2020$2,471 503,880 $504 $10,205 $23,442 $187 150,723 $(10,609)$26,200 
Net income519 519 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(605)(605)
Preferred stock redeemed(495)(5)(500)
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock - $0.52 per share(182)(182)
Preferred stock(25)(25)
Common stock acquired6,233 (475)(475)
Common stock awards exercised22 (1,111)49 71 
Other2 2 2 
Balance at March 31, 2021$1,976 503,880 $504 $10,227 $23,751 $(418)155,847 $(11,035)$25,005 
Net income763 763 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(4)(4)
Cash dividends declared:
Common stock - $0.52 per share(179)(179)
Preferred stock(34)(34)
Common stock acquired5,017 (425)(425)
Common stock awards exercised19 (487)23 42 
Other(1)0(1)
Balance at June 30, 2021$1,976 503,880 $504 $10,246 $24,300 $(422)160,377 $(11,437)$25,167 
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts, shares in thousands)
PREFERRED
STOCK
 COMMON STOCK Surplus 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 TREASURY STOCK Total
Shares Amount Shares Amount 
Balance as of December 31, 2015$2,703
 503,880
 $504
 $9,746
 $16,049
 $(1,442) 104,228
 $(6,457) $21,103
Net income        1,550
       1,550
Other comprehensive income (loss)          449
     449
Preferred stock issued493
               493
Cash dividends declared:                 
  Common stock - $1.06 per share        (414)       (414)
  Preferred stock        (137)       (137)
Common stock acquired            16,861
 (1,040) (1,040)
Common stock awards and options exercised, including income tax benefit of $6      32
     (2,765) 114
 146
Other      

 (1)   (15) 1
 —
Balance as of September 30, 2016$3,196
 503,880
 $504
 $9,778
 $17,047
 $(993) 118,309
 $(7,382) $22,150
Balance as of December 31, 2016$3,196
 503,880
 $504
 $9,782
 $17,459
 $(2,040) 121,941
 $(7,682) $21,219
Net income        1,807
 

     1,807
Other comprehensive income (loss)          1,056
     1,056
Cash dividends declared:                
 Common stock - $1.18 per share        (442)       (442)
 Preferred stock        (146)       (146)
Common stock acquired            13,131
 (1,100) (1,100)
Common stock awards exercised      21
 

   (2,033) 85
 106
Other        (3)   

 

 (3)
Balance as of September 30, 2017$3,196
 503,880
 $504
 $9,803
 $18,675
 $(984) 133,039
 $(8,697) $22,497
(1) Includes the impact of transitioning to ASC 326: Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, consisting of a decrease in retained earnings of $3 million in the first quarter of 2020.


























The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

State Street Corporation | 5655




STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)

Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)20212020
Operating Activities:
Net income$1,282 $1,328 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Deferred income tax (benefit)(15)3 
Amortization of other intangible assets121 116 
Other non-cash adjustments for depreciation, amortization and accretion, net700 568 
Losses (gains) related to investment securities, net0 (2)
Provision for credit losses(24)88 
Change in trading account assets, net94 31 
Change in accrued interest and fees receivable, net(254)(3)
Change in collateral deposits, net(6,520)166 
Change in unrealized losses (gains) on foreign exchange derivatives, net(7,471)(789)
Change in other assets, net(1,444)(844)
Change in accrued expenses and other liabilities, net1,971 4,494 
Other, net235 219 
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(11,325)5,375 
Investing Activities:
Net (increase) decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks3,613 (21,234)
Net (increase) decrease in securities purchased under resale agreements(891)(2,539)
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities6,854 2,086 
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities11,090 10,147 
Purchases of available-for-sale securities(28,565)(16,761)
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities under the MMLF program0 (29,242)
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities under the MMLF program3,299 18,014 
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities7,886 6,041 
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities(3,070)(4,185)
Sale of loans40 188 
Net (increase) in loans(2,819)(551)
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired(257)0 
Divestitures13 0 
Purchases of equity investments and other long-term assets(106)(810)
Purchases of premises and equipment, net(359)(271)
Other, net184 822 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(3,088)(38,295)
Financing Activities:
Net (decrease) increase in time deposits(1,542)(33,097)
Net increase (decrease) in all other deposits25,724 51,686 
Net (decrease) increase in securities sold under repurchase agreements(2,756)2,411 
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings under money market liquidity facility(3,302)11,261 
Net (decrease) increase in other short-term borrowings(51)73 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs844 2,497 
Payments for long-term debt and obligations under finance leases(1,522)(16)
Payments for redemption of preferred stock(500)(500)
Repurchases of common stock(900)(515)
Repurchases of common stock for employee tax withholding(6)(52)
Payments for cash dividends(424)(445)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities15,565 33,303 
Net increase1,152 383 
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period3,467 3,302 
Cash and due from banks at end of period$4,619 $3,685 
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)2017 2016
Operating Activities:   
Net income$1,807
 $1,550
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:   
Deferred income tax (benefit)(217) 31
Amortization of other intangible assets160
 153
Other non-cash adjustments for depreciation, amortization and accretion, net636
 517
Losses (gains) related to investment securities, net39
 (5)
Change in trading account assets, net(111) (214)
Change in accrued interest and fees receivable, net(399) (248)
Change in collateral deposits, net(1,232) (615)
Change in unrealized losses on foreign exchange derivatives, net1,136
 853
Change in other assets, net(2,063) (457)
Change in accrued expenses and other liabilities, net1,733
 399
Other, net368
 312
Net cash provided by operating activities1,857
 2,276
Investing Activities:   
Net decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks9,979
 (3,752)
Net (increase) decrease in securities purchased under resale agreements(1,509) 962
Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities7,122
 424
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities21,619
 21,564
Purchases of available-for-sale securities(20,891) (22,625)
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities2,647
 7,184
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities(3,961) (5,581)
Net (increase) in loans and leases(3,859) (2,678)
Business acquisitions—
 (437)
Purchases of equity investments and other long-term assets(32) (265)
Purchases of premises and equipment, net(485) (477)
Proceeds from sale of joint venture investment172
 —
Other, net77
 129
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities10,879
 (5,552)
Financing Activities:   
Net (decrease) increase in time deposits(16,790) 9,077
Net increase (decrease) in all other deposits8,890
 (1,938)
Net (decrease) in other short-term borrowings(865) (476)
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs747
 1,492
Payments for long-term debt and obligations under capital leases(482) (1,430)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net—
 493
Purchases of common stock(942) (1,029)
Excess tax benefit related to stock-based compensation—
 6
Repurchases of common stock for employee tax withholding(101) (95)
Payments for cash dividends(577) (541)
Other, net9
 —
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(10,111) 5,559
Net increase2,625
 2,283
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period1,314
 1,207
Cash and due from banks at end of period$3,939
 $3,490










The accompanying condensed notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
59
Note 2. Fair Value
62
Note 3. Investment Securities
70
Note 4. Loans and Leases
75
Note 5. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
78
Note 6. Other Assets
79
Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments
79
Note 8. Offsetting Arrangements
84
Note 9. Commitments and Guarantees
87
Note 10. Contingencies
88
Note 11. Variable Interest Entities
91
Note 12. Shareholders’ Equity
92
Note 13. Regulatory Capital
95
Note 14. Net Interest Income
97
Note 15. Expenses
97
Note 16. Earnings Per Common Share
97
Note 17. Line of Business Information
99
Note 18. Non-U.S. Activities
100






























We use acronyms and other defined terms for certain business terms and abbreviations, as defined in the acronyms list and glossary accompanying these consolidated financial statements.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 1.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accounting and financial reporting policies of State Street Corporation conform to U.S. GAAP. State Street Corporation, the Parent Company, is a financial holding company headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in these notes to consolidated financial statements to “State Street,” “we,” “us,” “our” or similar references mean State Street Corporation and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Ourbasis, including our principal banking subsidiary, is State Street Bank.
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statementsconsolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial and risk factor information included in our 20162020 Form 10-K, which we previously filed with the SEC.
The consolidated financial statements accompanying these condensed notes are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated results of operations in these financial statements, have been made. Certain previously reported amounts presented in this Form 10-Q have been reclassified to conform to current-period presentation. Events occurring subsequent to the date of our consolidated statement of condition were evaluated for potential recognition or disclosure in our
consolidated financial statements through the date we filed this Form 10-Q with the SEC.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions in the application of certain of our significant accounting policies that may materially affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenue and expenses. As a result of unanticipated events or circumstances, actual results could differ from those estimates. These accounting estimates reflect the best judgment of management, but actual results could differ.
Our consolidated statement of condition as of December 31, 20162020 included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all notes required by U.S. GAAP for a complete set of consolidated financial statements.
Dispositions
In the first quarter of 2017, we completed the sale of our joint venture interest in IFDS U.K. for approximately $175 million in cash and the exchange of our joint venture interest in BFDS stock for $158 million in State Street's common stock. We recognized a pre-tax gain of $30 million, in the aggregate, in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 on these dispositions.












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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Recent Accounting Developments
RelevantWe did not adopt any new accounting standards that were issued but not yet adopted
StandardDescriptionDate of AdoptionEffects on the financial statements or other significant matters
ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)The standard, and its related amendments, will replace existing revenue recognition standards and expand the disclosure requirements for revenue arrangements with customers. Under the new standard, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services.

The guidance permits two methods of adoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (the modified retrospective method).		January 1, 2018
Based on our efforts to date, we expect both the timing and amount of our material revenue streams, including servicing fees, management fees, trading services, and securities finance, to remain substantially unchanged as these revenues likely will continue to be recognized over time. Specifically, under the new standard we expect to recognize revenue related to these activities ratably over the term of the related agreements with customers as the customer simultaneously benefits from the services as they are performed. Due to the complexity of certain of our agreements, the actual revenue recognition treatment required under the standard will be dependent on contract-specific terms, and certain aspects may vary in some instances from recognition ratably over the contract term.

The standard does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including loans and securities, or revenue recognized under other U.S. GAAP standards. Therefore NII, securities gains/ losses and revenue related to derivative instruments are not impacted by the standard.

Our implementation efforts include the scoping of material revenue streams into cohorts, analysis of underlying contracts for each cohort, business unit workshops to further assess specific contracts and products, and the development of updated disclosures.

We continue to monitor industry developments and focus our assessment on areas such as costs that may require capitalization under the new standard and the impact of changes to the principal and agent guidance. The new standard modified the principal and agent guidance which we expect to result in recognition of certain expenses on a gross basis, rather than offset against revenue. We are still assessing the completeness and materiality of these changes. We continue to assess the operational and disclosure impacts of each transition method and have not yet finalized the transition method to be applied.
ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial LiabilitiesThe standard makes limited amendments to the guidance on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Under the new standard, all equity securities will be measured at fair value through earnings with certain exceptions, including investments accounted for under the equity method of accounting. In addition, the FASB clarified the guidance related to valuation allowance assessments when recognizing deferred tax assets on unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities. This standard must be applied on a retrospective basis.January 1, 2018Based on our assessment, we do not anticipate this standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements due to the limited number of investments on our consolidated statement of condition that are within scope of the standard.
ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)The standard represents a wholesale change to lease accounting and requires all leases, other than short-term leases, to be reported on balance sheet through recognition of a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability for future lease obligations. The standard also requires extensive disclosures for assets, expenses, and cash flows associated with leases, as well as a maturity analysis of lease liabilities.January 1, 2019We are currently assessing the impact of the standard on our consolidated financial statements, but we anticipate an increase in assets and liabilities due to the recognition of the required right-of-use asset and corresponding liability for all lease obligations that are currently classified as operating leases, primarily real estate leases for office space, as well as additional disclosure on all our lease obligations.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Relevant standards that were issued but not yet adopted
StandardDescriptionDate of AdoptionEffects on the financial statements or other significant matters
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial InstrumentsThe standard requires immediate recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets carried at amortized cost, including trade and other receivables, loans and commitments, held-to-maturity debt securities and other financial assets, held at the reporting date to be measured based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable supportable forecasts. Credit losses on available-for-sale securities will be recorded as an allowance versus a write-down of the amortized cost basis of the security and will allow for a reversal of impairment loss when the credit of the issuer improves.January 1, 2020We are currently assessing the impact of the standard on our consolidated financial statements, and a significant implementation project is in place to ensure that expected credit losses are calculated in accordance with the standard.  We have established a steering committee to provide cross-functional governance over the project plan and key decisions, and are currently developing key accounting policies, assessing existing credit loss models against the new guidance and processes and identifying a complete set of data requirements and sources.  We have commenced the development of new or modified credit loss models and based on our analysis to date, we expect the timing of the allowance for credit losses to accelerate under the new standard. We are continuing to assess the extent of the impact on the allowance for credit losses.
ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the Emerging Issues Task Force)The standard amends the statement of cash flow guidance to address specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice.January 1, 2018Based on our current presentation we do not anticipate a significant change to our presentation of the statement of cash flows.
ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a BusinessThe standard incorporates gating criteria to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not a business. When substantially all the fair value of gross assets acquired (or group of similar identifiable assets) is concentrated in a single identifiable asset, it would not represent a business.January 1, 2018, early adoption permittedWe will apply this standard prospectively to transactions occurring after January 1, 2018, as applicable.
ASU 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill ImpairmentThe standard simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The ASU requires an entity to compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair value of the reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss.January 1, 2020, early adoption permittedWe are evaluating the impacts of early adoption, and will apply this standard prospectively upon adoption.
ASU 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium amortization on Purchased Callable Debt SecuritiesThe standard shortens the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities to the earliest call date.January 1, 2019, early adoption permittedWe are currently evaluating the impact of the new standard and the early adoption provisions.
ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging ActivitiesThe standard amends the hedge accounting model to better portray the economics of risk management activities in the financial statements and enhances the presentation of hedge results. The amendments also make targeted changes to simplify the application of hedge accounting in certain situations.
January 1, 2019, early adoption permitted

We are currently evaluating the impact of the new standard and the early adoption provisions.
We adopted ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, effective January 1, 2017. Starting in the second quarter ended March 31, 2017, we reclassified excess tax benefits related to stock-based compensation from financing activities to other operating activities. We continued to present repurchases of common stock for employee tax withholding in financing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows for all periods presented.
As required by the transition provisions of the standard, excess tax benefits previously recognized in surplus prior to January 1, 2017 remain in surplus, and excess tax benefits recognized after January 1, 2017 are included in income tax expense. In connection with this change, we recognized2021 that had a tax benefit of $18.6 million in the first nine months of 2017. We elected to make no changesmaterial impact to our current policyfinancial statements. Additionally, we continue to evaluate accounting standards that were recently issued but not yet adopted as of estimating forfeitures. Lastly, we did not make any changesJune 30, 2021; none are expected to tax withholding rates.have a material impact to our financial statements.


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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 2.    Fair Value
Fair Value Measurements
We carry trading account assets and liabilities, AFS investmentdebt securities, certain equity securities and various types of derivative financial instruments, at fair value in our consolidated statement of condition on a recurring basis. Changes in the fair values of these financial assets and liabilities are recorded either as components of our consolidated statement of income or as components of AOCI within shareholders' equity in our consolidated statement of condition.
We measure fair value for the above-described financial assets and liabilities in conformity with U.S. GAAP that governs the measurement of the fair value of financial instruments. Management believes that its valuation techniques and underlying assumptions used to measure fair value conform to the provisions of U.S. GAAP. We categorize the financial assets and liabilities that we carry at fair value based on a
prescribed three-level valuation hierarchy. For information about our valuation techniques for financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, refer to pages 135 to 142 in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
The following tables present information with respect to our financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value in our consolidated statement of condition on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, approximately $9 million of assets were transferred between levels 1 and 2. No transfers of financial assets or liabilities between levels 1 and 2 occurred during the year ended December 31, 2016.indicated:


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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
 as of September 30, 2017
(In millions)
Quoted Market
Prices in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
 
Pricing Methods
with Significant
Observable
Market Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Pricing Methods
with Significant
Unobservable
Market Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Impact of Netting(1)
 
Total Net
Carrying Value
in Consolidated
Statement of
Condition
Assets:         
Trading account assets:         
U.S. government securities$39
 $—
 $—
   $39
Non-U.S. government securities387
 174
 —
   561
Other20
 515
 —
   535
Total trading account assets446
 689
 —
   1,135
AFS investment securities:         
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:         
Direct obligations231
 389
 —
   620
Mortgage-backed securities—
 10,975
 25
   11,000
Asset-backed securities:         
Student loans—
 4,626
 200
   4,826
Credit cards—
 1,548
 —
   1,548
Other(2)
—
 35
 1,186
   1,221
Total asset-backed securities—
 6,209
 1,386
 
 7,595
Non-U.S. debt securities:         
Mortgage-backed securities—
 6,956
 118
   7,074
Asset-backed securities—
 2,742
 97
   2,839
Government securities—
 6,658
 —
   6,658
Other(3)
—
 5,617
 201
   5,818
Total non-U.S. debt securities—
 21,973
 416
   22,389
State and political subdivisions—
 9,700
 38
   9,738
Collateralized mortgage obligations—
 1,528
 —
   1,528
Other U.S. debt securities—
 2,909
 19
   2,928
U.S. equity securities—
 46
 —
   46
U.S. money-market mutual funds—
 394
 —
   394
Total AFS investment securities231
 54,123
 1,884
 
 56,238
Other assets:         
Derivative instruments:         
Foreign exchange contracts—
 11,735
 2
 $(7,026) 4,711
Interest-rate contracts—
 3
 —
 (2) 1
Total derivative instruments—
 11,738
 2
 (7,028) 4,712
Other22
 —
 —
 —
 22
Total assets carried at fair value$699
 $66,550
 $1,886
 $(7,028) $62,107
Liabilities:         
Accrued expenses and other liabilities:         
Trading account liabilities:         
Other$19
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $19
Derivative instruments:         
Foreign exchange contracts—
 11,581
 2
 (7,465) 4,118
Interest-rate contracts10
 97
 —
 (1) 106
Other derivative contracts—
 319
 —
 —
 319
Total derivative instruments10
 11,997
 2
 (7,466) 4,543
Other22
 —
 —
 —
 22
Total liabilities carried at fair value$51
 $11,997
 $2
 $(7,466) $4,584
Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
As of June 30, 2021
(In millions)
Quoted Market
Prices in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
Pricing Methods
with Significant
Observable
Market Inputs
(Level 2)
Pricing Methods
with Significant
Unobservable
Market Inputs
(Level 3)
Impact of Netting(1)
Total Net
Carrying Value
in Consolidated
Statement of
Condition
Assets:
Trading account assets:
U.S. government securities$40 $0 $0 $40 
Non-U.S. government securities0 141 0 141 
Other0 540 0 540 
Total trading account assets40 681 0 721 
Available-for-sale investment securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations12,904 0 0 12,904 
Mortgage-backed securities0 16,213 0 16,213 
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agencies12,904 16,213 0 29,117 
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities0 2,002 0 2,002 
Asset-backed securities0 2,451 0 2,451 
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S. agency0 20,690 0 20,690 
Other0 3,432 0 3,432 
Total non-U.S. debt securities0 28,575 0 28,575 
Asset-backed securities:
Student loans0 258 0 258 
Collateralized loan obligations0 4,694 0 4,694 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(2)
0 65 0 65 
Other0 92 0 92 
Total asset-backed securities0 5,109 0 5,109 
State and political subdivisions0 1,491 0 1,491 
Other U.S. debt securities0 3,205 0 3,205 
Total available-for-sale investment securities12,904 54,593 0 67,497 
Other assets:
Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts1 17,359 2 $(9,514)7,848 
Interest rate contracts1 0 0 (1)0 
Total derivative instruments2 17,359 2 (9,515)7,848 
Other19 694 0 0 713 
Total assets carried at fair value$12,965 $73,327 $2 $(9,515)$76,779 
Liabilities:
Accrued expenses and other liabilities:
Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$3 $17,138 $0 $(12,126)$5,015 
Interest rate contracts0 31 0 (1)30 
Other derivative contracts0 183 0 0 183 
Total derivative instruments3 17,352 0 (12,127)5,228 
Total liabilities carried at fair value$3 $17,352 $0 $(12,127)$5,228 
(1) Represents counterparty netting against level 2 financial assets and liabilities where a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists between State Streetus and the counterparty. Netting also reflects asset and liability reductions of $637 million$1.26 billion and $1,074 million,$3.87 billion, respectively, for cash collateral received from and provided to derivative counterparties.
(2)As Consists entirely of September 30, 2017, the fair value of other ABS was primarily composed of $1,221 million of CLOs.non-agency CMBS.
(3) As of September 30, 2017, the fair value of other non-U.S. debt securities was primarily composed of $3,600 million of covered bonds and $1,503 million of corporate bonds.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring BasisFair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
as of December 31, 2016As of December 31, 2020
(In millions)
Quoted Market
Prices in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
 
Pricing Methods
with Significant
Observable
Market Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Pricing Methods
with Significant
Unobservable
Market Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Impact of Netting(1)
 
Total Net
Carrying Value
in Consolidated
Statement of
Condition
(In millions)Quoted Market
Prices in Active
Markets
(Level 1)		Pricing Methods
with Significant
Observable
Market Inputs
(Level 2)		Pricing Methods
with Significant
Unobservable
Market Inputs
(Level 3)
Impact of Netting(1)
Total Net
Carrying Value
in Consolidated
Statement of
Condition
Assets:         Assets:
Trading account assets:         Trading account assets:
U.S. government securities$30
 $—
 $—
   $30
U.S. government securities$40 $0 $0 $40 
Non-U.S. government securities495
 174
 —
   669
Non-U.S. government securities0 239 0 239 
Other—
 325
 —
   325
Other17 519 0 536 
Total trading account assets525
 499
 —
   1,024
Total trading account assets57 758 0 815 
AFS investment securities:         
Available-for-sale investment securities:Available-for-sale investment securities:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:         U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations3,824
 439
 —
   4,263
Direct obligations6,575 0 0 6,575 
Mortgage-backed securities—
 13,257
 —
   13,257
Mortgage-backed securities0 14,305 0 14,305 
Asset-backed securities:         
Student loans—
 5,499
 97
   5,596
Credit cards—
 1,351
 —
   1,351
Sub-prime—
 272
 —
   272
Other(2)
—
 —
 905
   905
Total asset-backed securities—
 7,122
 1,002
   8,124
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agenciesTotal U.S. Treasury and federal agencies6,575 14,305 0 20,880 
Non-U.S. debt securities:         Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities—
 6,535
 —
   6,535
Mortgage-backed securities0 1,996 0 1,996 
Asset-backed securities—
 2,484
 32
   2,516
Asset-backed securities0 2,291 0 2,291 
Government securities—
 5,836
 —
   5,836
Other(3)
—
 5,365
 248
   5,613
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S. agencyForeign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S. agency0 22,087 0 22,087 
OtherOther0 3,355 0 3,355 
Total non-U.S. debt securities—
 20,220
 280
   20,500
Total non-U.S. debt securities0 29,729 0 29,729 
Asset-backed securities:Asset-backed securities:
Student loansStudent loans0 314 0 314 
Collateralized loan obligationsCollateralized loan obligations0 2,952 14 2,966 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(2)
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(2)
0 78 0 78 
OtherOther0 90 0 90 
Total asset-backed securitiesTotal asset-backed securities0 3,434 14 3,448 
State and political subdivisions—
 10,283
 39
   10,322
State and political subdivisions0 1,548 0 1,548 
Collateralized mortgage obligations—
 2,577
 16
   2,593
Other U.S. debt securities—
 2,469
 —
   2,469
Other U.S. debt securities0 3,443 0 3,443 
U.S. equity securities—
 42
 —
   42
Non-U.S. equity securities—
 3
 —
   3
U.S. money-market mutual funds—
 409
 —
   409
Non-U.S. money-market mutual funds—
 16
 —
   16
Total AFS investment securities3,824
 56,837
 1,337
   61,998
Total available-for-sale investment securitiesTotal available-for-sale investment securities6,575 52,459 14 59,048 
Other assets:         Other assets:
Derivatives instruments:         
Derivative instruments:Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts—
 16,476
 8
 $(9,163) 7,321
Foreign exchange contracts0 25,941 2 $(20,140)5,803 
Interest-rate contracts—
 68
 —
 (68) —
Interest rate contractsInterest rate contracts1 0 0 0 1 
Total derivative instruments—
 16,544
 8
 (9,231) 7,321
Total derivative instruments1 25,941 2 (20,140)5,804 
OtherOther0 525 0 0 525 
Total assets carried at fair value$4,349
 $73,880
 $1,345
 $(9,231) $70,343
Total assets carried at fair value$6,633 $79,683 $16 $(20,140)$66,192 
Liabilities:         Liabilities:
Accrued expenses and other liabilities:         Accrued expenses and other liabilities:
Trading account liabilities:Trading account liabilities:
OtherOther$4 $0 $0 $0 $4 
Derivative instruments:         Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$—
 $15,948
 $8
 $(10,456) $5,500
Foreign exchange contracts1 25,925 1 (15,558)10,369 
Interest-rate contracts—
 348
 —
 (226) 122
Interest rate contractsInterest rate contracts0 42 0 0 42 
Other derivative contracts—
 380
 —
 —
 380
Other derivative contracts0 157 0 0 157 
Total derivative instruments—
 16,676
 8
 (10,682) 6,002
Total derivative instruments1 26,124 1 (15,558)10,568 
Total liabilities carried at fair value$—
 $16,676
 $8
 $(10,682) $6,002
Total liabilities carried at fair value$5 $26,124 $1 $(15,558)$10,572 
(1) Represents counterparty netting against level 2 financial assets and liabilities where a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists between State Streetus and the counterparty. Netting also reflects asset and liability reductions of $906 million$5.87 billion and $2,356 million,$1.29 billion, respectively, for cash collateral received from and provided to derivative counterparties.
(2) AsConsists entirely of December 31, 2016, the fair value of other ABS was primarily composed of $905 million of CLOs.non-agency CMBS.
(3) As of December 31, 2016, the fair value of other non-U.S. debt securities was primarily composed of $3,769 million of covered bonds and $988 million of corporate bonds.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following tables present activity related to our level 3 financial assets during the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, respectively. Transfers into and out of level 3 are reported as of the beginning of the period presented. During the three and nine months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, there were no transfers into level 3. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, transfers into level 3 were mainlyprimarily related to certain ABS and MBS, including non-U.S. debt securities,a U.S. corporate bond, for which fair value was measured using information obtained from third-partythird party sources, including non-binding broker or broker/dealer quotes. During the ninethree and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016,2021, transfers out of level 3 were mainlyprimarily related to certain MBScollateralized loan obligations and ABS, including non-U.S. debt securities,a U.S. corporate bond, for which fair value was measured using prices for which observable market information became available.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, there were no transfers into or out of level 3.
 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
 Fair Value as of June 30, 2017 Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)		 Purchases Sales Settlements Transfers into Level 3 
Fair Value  as of
September 30, 2017(2)
 Change in
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses)
Related to
Financial
Instruments
Held as of
September 30, 2017
(In millions)
Recorded in Revenue(1)
 
Recorded in Other Comprehensive Income(1)
 
Assets:                 
AFS Investment securities:                 
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:                 
Mortgage-backed securities$—
 $—
 $—
 $—
 —
 $—
 $25
 $25
  
Asset-backed securities:                 
Student loans—
 —
 —
 200
 —
 —
 —
 200
  
Other951
 1
 1
 60
 —
 (2) 175
 1,186
  
Total asset-backed securities951
 1
 1
 260
 —
 (2) 175
 1,386
  
Non-U.S. debt securities:                 
Mortgage-backed securities—
 —
 —
 118
 —
 —
 —
 118
  
Asset-backed securities63
 —
 —
 29
 (10) —
 15
 97
  
Other274
 —
 —
 —
 (80) 7
 —
 201
  
Total non-U.S. debt securities337
 —
 —
 147

(90) 7
 15
 416
  
State and political subdivisions38
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 38
  
Other U.S. debt securities19
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 19
  
Total AFS investment securities1,345

1

1

407

(90)
5

215

1,884
  
Other assets:                 
Derivative instruments:                 
Foreign exchange contracts5
 —
 —
 2
 —
 (5) —
 2
 $(2)
Total derivative instruments5
 —
 —
 2
 —
 (5) —
 2
 (2)
Total assets carried at fair value$1,350

$1

$1

$409

$(90)
$—

$215

$1,886
 $(2)
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
 Fair Value as of March 31, 2021
Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)(1)
PurchasesSalesSettlements
Transfers into
Level 3
Transfers
out of Level 3
Fair Value 
as of June 30, 2021(1)
Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Related to Financial Instruments
Held as of
June 30, 2021
(In millions)
Recorded in Revenue(1)
Recorded in Other Comprehensive Income(1)
Assets:
Available-for-sale Investment securities:
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations$106 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $(106)$0 
Total asset-backed securities106 0 0 0 0 0 0 (106)0 
Other U.S. debt securities15 0 0 0 0 0 0 (15)0 
Total available-for-sale investment securities121 0 0 0 0 0 0 (121)0 
Other assets:
Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts6 (5)0 2 0 (1)0 0 2 $0 
Total derivative instruments6 (5)0 2 0 (1)0 0 2 0 
Total assets carried at fair value$127 $(5)$0 $2 $0 $(1)$0 $(121)$2 $0 
(1)Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on AFS investment securities are included within gains (losses) related to investment securities, net. Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments are included within foreign exchange trading services.
(2) There were no transfers of assets out of level 3 during the three months ended September 30, 2017.

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Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
 Fair Value  as of
December 31,
2016		 Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)		 Purchases Sales Settlements Transfers into Level 3 Transfers out of Level 3 
Fair Value as of
September 30, 2017
 Change in
Unrealized
Gains
(Losses)
Related to
Financial
Instruments
Held as of
September 30, 2017
(In millions)
Recorded in Revenue(1)
 
Recorded in Other Comprehensive Income(1)
 
Assets:                   
AFS Investment securities:                   
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:                   
Mortgage-backed securities$—
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $25
 $—
 $25
  
Asset-backed securities:                   
Student loans97
 —
 1
 200
 —
 —
 —
 (98) 200
  
Other905
 2
 —
 415
 —
 (412) 276
 —
 1,186
  
Total asset-backed securities1,002

2

1

615
 —

(412)
276

(98)
1,386
  
Non-U.S. debt securities:                   
Mortgage-backed securities—
 —
 —
 118
 —
 —
 —
 —
 118
  
Asset-backed securities32
 1
 (1) 60
 (10) (21) 67
 (31) 97
  
Other248
 —
 —
 5
 (80) 28
 —
 —
 201
  
Total non-U.S. debt securities280

1

(1)
183
 (90)
7

67

(31)
416
  
State and political subdivisions39
 —
 —
 —
 —
 (1) —
 —
 38
  
Collateralized mortgage obligations16
 —
 —
 23
 —
 —
 —
 (39) —
  
Other U.S. debt securities—
 —
 —
 19
 —
 —
 —
 —
 19
  
Total AFS investment securities1,337

3

—

840
 (90)
(406)
368

(168)
1,884
  
Other assets:                   
Derivative instruments:                   
Foreign exchange contracts8
 (6) —
 4
 —
 (4) —
 —
 2
 $(1)
Total derivative instruments8
 (6) —
 4
 —
 (4) —
 —
 2
 (1)
Total assets carried at fair value$1,345

$(3)
$—

$844
 $(90)
$(410)
$368

$(168)
$1,886
 $(1)
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
 Fair Value as of
December 31,
2020
Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)(1)
PurchasesSalesSettlements
Transfers into
Level 3
Transfers
out of Level 3
Fair Value 
as of June 30, 2021(1)
Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Related to Financial Instruments
Held as of
June 30, 2021
(In millions)
Recorded in Revenue(1)
Recorded in Other Comprehensive Income(1)
Assets:
Available-for-sale Investment securities:
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations$14 $0 $0 $106 $0 $0 $0 $(120)$0 
Total asset-backed securities14 0 0 106 0 0 0 (120)0 
Other U.S. debt securities0 0 0 0 0 0 15 (15)0 
Total available-for-sale investment securities14 0 0 106 0 0 15 (135)0 
Other assets:
Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts2 (3)0 3 0 0 0 0 2 $(1)
Total derivative instruments2 (3)0 3 0 0 0 0 2 (1)
Total assets carried at fair value$16 $(3)$0 $109 $0 $0 $15 $(135)$2 $(1)
(1)Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on AFS investment securities are included within gains (losses) related to investment securities, net. Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments are included within foreign exchange trading services.
State Street Corporation | 60

STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 Fair Value  as of
June 30, 2016		 Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)		 Purchases Settlements Transfers
out of
Level 3		 
Fair Value as of September 30,
2016(2)
 Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Related to Financial Instruments Held as of September 30,
2016
(In millions)
Recorded in Revenue(1)
 
Recorded in Other Comprehensive Income(1)
 
Assets:               
AFS Investment securities:               
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies, mortgage-backed securities$25
 $—
 $—
 $25
 $—
 $—
 $50
  
Asset-backed securities:               
Student loans190
 —
 2
 —
 —
 —
 192
  
Other1,710
 13
 (8) 118
 (560) —
 1,273
  
Total asset-backed securities1,900
 13
 (6) 118
 (560) —
 1,465
  
Non-U.S. debt securities:               
Mortgage-backed securities—
 —
 —
 90
 —
 —
 90
  
Asset-backed securities111
 —
 —
 90
 (9) (54) 138
  
Other261
 —
 —
 194
 3
 —
 458
  
Total non-U.S. debt securities372
 —
 —
 374
 (6) (54) 686
  
State and political subdivisions33
 —
 7
 —
 —
 —
 40
  
Collateralized mortgage obligations68
 —
 1
 36
 (3) —
 102
  
Total AFS investment securities2,398
 13
 2
 553
 (569) (54) 2,343
  
Total assets carried at fair value$2,398
 $13
 $2
 $553
 $(569) $(54) $2,343
 $—
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
 Fair Value
as of
March 31,
2020
Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)(1)
PurchasesSalesSettlementsTransfers
into
Level 3		Transfers
out of
Level 3
Fair Value 
as of June 30, 2020(1)
Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Related to Financial Instruments
Held as of
June 30, 2020
(In millions)
Recorded
in
Revenue(1)
Recorded
in Other
Comprehensive
Income(1)
Assets:
Available-for-sale Investment securities:
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations$1,841 $0 $59 $10 $(19)$(22)$0 $0 $1,869 
Total asset-backed securities1,841 0 59 10 (19)(22)0 0 1,869 
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Asset-backed securities820 0 55 1 0 0 0 0 876 
Other44 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 45 
Total non-U.S. debt securities864 0 56 1 0 0 0 0 921 
Total available-for-sale investment securities2,705 0 115 11 (19)(22)0 0 2,790 
Other assets:
Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts17 (17)0 2 0 0 0 0 2 $(9)
Total derivative instruments17 (17)0 2 0 0 0 0 2 (9)
Total assets carried at fair value$2,722 $(17)$115 $13 $(19)$(22)$0 $0 $2,792 $(9)
(1) (1)Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on AFS investment securities are included within gains (losses) related to investment securities, net. Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments are included within foreign exchange trading services.
(2) There were no transfers of assets into level 3 during the three months ended September 30, 2016.


State Street Corporation | 66

Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 Fair Value as of December 31, 2015 Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)		 Purchases Settlements Transfers
out of
Level 3		 
Fair Value as of September 30, 2016(2)
 Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Related to Financial Instruments Held as of September 30,
2016
(In millions)
Recorded
in
Revenue(1)
 
Recorded
in Other
Comprehensive
Income(1)
 
Assets:               
AFS Investment securities:               
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies, mortgage-backed securities$—
 $—
 $—
 $325
 $—
 $(275) $50
  
Asset-backed securities:               
Student loans189
 1
 2
 —
 —
 —
 192
  
Other1,764
 29
 (21) 250
 (749) —
 1,273
  
Total asset-backed securities1,953
 30
 (19) 250
 (749) —
 1,465
  
Non-U.S. debt securities:               
Mortgage-backed securities—
 —
 —
 90
 —
 —
 90
  
Asset-backed securities174
 —
 (1) 196
 (43) (188) 138
  
Other255
 —
 —
 223
 9
 (29) 458
  
Total non-U.S. debt securities429
 —
 (1) 509
 (34) (217) 686
  
State and political subdivisions33
 —
 9
 —
 (2) —
 40
  
Collateralized mortgage obligations39
 —
 2
 86
 (25) —
 102
  
Other U.S. debt securities10
 —
 —
 —
 (10) —
 —
  
Total AFS investment securities2,464
 30
 (9) 1,170
 (820) (492) 2,343
  
Other assets:               
Derivative instruments:               
Foreign exchange contracts5
 3
 —
 —
 (8) —
 —
 $—
Total derivative instruments5
 3
 —
 —
 (8)
—
 —
 —
Total assets carried at fair value$2,469
 $33
 $(9) $1,170
 $(828) $(492) $2,343
 $—
 Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
Fair Value as of December 31,
2015
 Total Realized and
Unrealized (Gains) Losses		 Settlements 
Fair Value as of September 30,
2016(3)
 
Change in Unrealized
(Gains) Losses Related to
Financial Instruments Held as of September 30,
2016
(In millions)Recorded in Revenue 
Liabilities:         
Accrued expenses and other liabilities:         
Derivative instruments:         
Foreign exchange contracts$5
 $5
 $(10) $—
 $—
Total derivative instruments5
 5
 (10) —
 —
Total liabilities carried at fair value$5
 $5
 $(10) $—
 $—
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
 Fair Value
as of
December 31,
2019
Total Realized and
Unrealized Gains (Losses)(1)
PurchasesSalesSettlementsTransfers
into
Level 3		Transfers
out of
Level 3
Fair Value 
as of June 30, 2020(1)
Change in Unrealized Gains (Losses) Related to Financial Instruments
Held as of
June 30, 2020
(In millions)
Recorded
in
Revenue(1)
Recorded
in Other
Comprehensive
Income(1)
Assets:
Available-for-sale Investment securities:
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations$1,820 $0 $(24)$188 $(61)$(54)$0 $0 $1,869 
Total asset-backed securities1,820 0 (24)188 (61)(54)0 0 1,869 
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Asset-backed securities887 0 (10)1 0 (2)0 0 876 
Other45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 
Total non-U.S. debt securities932 0 (10)1 0 (2)0 0 921 
Total available-for-sale investment securities2,752 0 (34)189 (61)(56)0 0 2,790 
Other assets:
Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts4 (6)0 5 0 (1)0 0 2 $(3)
Total derivative instruments4 (6)0 5 0 (1)0 0 2 (3)
Total assets carried at fair value$2,756 $(6)$(34)$194 $(61)$(57)$0 $0 $2,792 $(3)
(1)(1) Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on AFS investment securities are included within gains (losses) related to investment securities, net. Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments are included within foreign exchange trading services.
(2) There were no transfers of assets into level 3 during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
(3) There were no transfers of liabilities into or out of level 3 during the nine months ended September 30, 2016.

State Street Corporation | 6761


Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents quantitative information, as of the dates indicated, about the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of our level 3 financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which we use internally-developed pricing models. The significant unobservable inputs for our level 3 financial assets and liabilities whose fair value is measured using pricing information from non-binding broker or broker/dealer quotes are not included in the table, as the specific inputs applied are not provided by the broker/dealer.
Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value MeasurementsQuantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Weighted-AverageFair ValueRangeWeighted-Average
(Dollars in millions)As of September 30, 2017 As of December 31, 2016 Valuation Technique 
Significant
Unobservable Input(1)
 As of September 30, 2017 As of December 31, 2016(Dollars in millions)As of June 30, 2021As of December 31, 2020Valuation Technique
Significant Unobservable Input(1)
As of June 30, 2021As of June 30, 2021As of December 31, 2020
Significant unobservable inputs readily available to State Street:       Significant unobservable inputs readily available to State Street: 
Assets:           Assets:
Asset-backed securities, other$—
 $1
 Discounted cash flows Credit spread —% 0.3%
State and political subdivisions38
 39
 Discounted cash flows Credit spread 1.7
 1.8
Derivative instruments, foreign exchange contracts2
 8
 Option model Volatility 8.3
 14.4
Derivative Instruments, foreign exchange contractsDerivative Instruments, foreign exchange contracts$2 $2 Option modelVolatility5.8%-15.6%8.1 %7.9 %
Total$40
 $48
    Total$2 $2 
Liabilities:       Liabilities:
Derivative instruments, foreign exchange contracts$2
 $8
 Option model Volatility 8.3
 14.4
Derivative instruments, foreign exchange contracts$0 $1 Option modelVolatility6.2%-6.5%6.4 %7.7 %
Total$2
 $8
    Total$0 $1 
(1) Significant changes in these unobservable inputs wouldmay result in significant changes in fair value measurement.

measurement of the derivative instrument.
Fair Value Estimates
Estimates of fair value for financial instruments not carried at fair value on a recurring basis in our consolidated statement of condition are generally subjective in nature, and are determined as of a specific point in time based on the characteristics of the financial instruments and relevant market information.
The following tables present the reported amounts and estimated fair values of the financial assets and liabilities not carried at fair value, on a recurring basis, as they would be categorized within the fair value hierarchy, as of the dates indicated.indicated:
 Fair Value Hierarchy
(In millions)Reported Amount Estimated Fair ValueQuoted Market Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)Pricing Methods with Significant Observable Market Inputs (Level 2) Pricing Methods with Significant Unobservable Market Inputs (Level 3)
June 30, 2021
Financial Assets:    
Cash and due from banks$4,619 4,619 $4,619 $0 $0 
Interest-bearing deposits with banks113,347 113,347 0 113,347 0 
Securities purchased under resale agreements3,997 3,997 0 3,997 0 
Investment securities held-to-maturity45,182 45,685 4,711 40,974 0 
Net loans(1)
30,604 30,661 0 28,242 2,419 
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits:
   Non-interest-bearing$61,742 $61,742 $0 $61,742 $0 
   Interest-bearing - U.S.111,291 111,291 0 111,291 0 
   Interest-bearing - non-U.S.90,936 90,936 0 90,936 0 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements658 658 0 658 0 
Other short-term borrowings635 635 0 635 0 
Long-term debt13,032 13,228 0 13,136 92 
      Fair Value Hierarchy
(In millions) Reported Amount  Estimated Fair Value Quoted Market Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) Pricing Methods with Significant Observable Market Inputs (Level 2)  Pricing Methods with Significant Unobservable Market Inputs (Level 3)
September 30, 2017          
Financial Assets:          
Cash and due from banks $3,939
 $3,939
 $3,939
 $—
 $—
Interest-bearing deposits with banks 60,956
 60,956
 —
 60,956
 —
Securities purchased under resale agreements 3,465
 3,465
 —
 3,465
 —
Investment securities held-to-maturity 36,850
 36,836
 17,362
 19,351
 123
Net loans (excluding leases) 22,868
 22,866
 —
 22,811
 55
Financial Liabilities:          
Deposits:          
     Non-interest-bearing $49,850
 $49,850
 $—
 $49,850
 $—
     Interest-bearing - U.S. 49,394
 49,394
 —
 49,394
 —
     Interest-bearing - non-U.S. 80,019
 80,019
 —
 80,019
 —
Securities sold under repurchase agreements 3,867
 3,867
 —
 3,867
 —
Other short-term borrowings 1,253
 1,253
 —
 1,253
 —
Long-term debt 11,716
 12,022
 —
 11,725
 297

(1) Includes $19 million of loans classified as held-for-sale that were measured at fair value in level 2 as of June 30, 2021.
State Street Corporation | 6862


Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Fair Value Hierarchy
(In millions)Reported Amount Estimated Fair ValueQuoted Market Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)Pricing Methods with Significant Observable Market Inputs (Level 2) Pricing Methods with Significant Unobservable Market Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2020
Financial Assets:
Cash and due from banks$3,467 $3,467 $3,467 $0 $0 
Interest-bearing deposits with banks116,960 116,960 0 116,960 0 
Securities purchased under resale agreements3,106 3,106 0 3,106 0 
HTM securities purchased under the MMLF
program		3,299 3,304 0 3,304 0 
Investment securities held-to-maturity48,929 50,003 6,115 43,888 0 
Net loans27,803 27,884 0 25,668 2,216 
Other(1)
4,753 4,753 0 4,753 0 
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing$49,439 $49,439 $0 $49,439 $0 
Interest-bearing - U.S.102,331 102,331 0 102,331 0 
Interest-bearing - non-U.S.88,028 88,028 0 88,028 0 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements3,413 3,413 0 3,413 0 
Short-term borrowings under the MMLF
program		3,302 3,302 0 3,302 0 
Other short-term borrowings685 685 0 685 0 
Long-term debt13,805 14,162 0 14,049 113 
Other(1)
4,753 4,753 0 4,753 0 
(1) Represents a portion of underlying client assets related to our enhanced custody business, which clients have allowed us to transfer and re-pledge.

      Fair Value Hierarchy
(In millions) Reported Amount  Estimated Fair Value Quoted Market Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) Pricing Methods with Significant Observable Market Inputs (Level 2)  Pricing Methods with Significant Unobservable Market Inputs (Level 3)
December 31, 2016          
Financial Assets:          
Cash and due from banks $1,314
 $1,314
 $1,314
 $—
 $—
Interest-bearing deposits with banks 70,935
 70,935
 —
 70,935
 —
Securities purchased under resale agreements 1,956
 1,956
 —
 1,956
 —
Investment securities held-to-maturity 35,169
 34,994
 17,400
 17,439
 155
Net loans (excluding leases) 18,862
 18,877
 —
 18,781
 96
Financial Liabilities:          
Deposits:          
     Non-interest-bearing $59,397
 $59,397
 $—
 $59,397
 $—
     Interest-bearing - U.S. 30,911
 30,911
 —
 30,911
 —
     Interest-bearing - non-U.S. 96,855
 96,855
 —
 96,855
 —
Securities sold under repurchase agreements 4,400
 4,400
 —
 4,400
 —
Other short-term borrowings 1,585
 1,585
 —
 1,585
 —
Long-term debt 11,430
 11,618
 —
 11,282
 336

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 3.    Investment Securities
Investment securities held by us are classified as either trading account assets, AFS, HTM or HTMequity securities held at fair value at the time of purchase and reassessed periodically, based on management’s intent.
Generally, trading assets are debt and equity securities purchased in connection with For additional information on our trading activities and, as such, are expected to be sold in the near term. Our trading activities typically involve active and frequent buying and selling with the objective of generating profits on short-term movements. AFSaccounting for investment securities, are those securities that we intendrefer to hold for an indefinite period of time. AFS investment securities include securities utilized as part ofpage 143 in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our asset-and-liability management activities that may be sold in response to changes in interest rates, prepayment risk, liquidity needs or other factors. HTM securities are debt securities that management has the intent and the ability to hold to maturity.2020 Form 10-K.
Trading assets are carried at fair value. Both realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading assets are recorded in foreign exchange trading services revenue in our consolidated statement of income. Debt and marketable equityAFS securities classified as AFS are carried at fair value, with any allowance for credit losses recorded through the consolidated statement of income and after-tax net unrealized gains and losses are recorded in AOCI. Gains or losses realized on sales of AFS investment securities are computed using the specific identification method and are recorded in gains (losses) related to investment securities, net, in our consolidated statement of income.
HTM investment securities are carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts.
discounts, with any allowance for credit losses recorded through the consolidated statement of income. As of June 30, 2021, we recognized an allowance for credit losses on HTM investment securities of $2 million.


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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents the amortized cost, fair value and associated unrealized gains and losses of AFS and HTM investment securities as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
 
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Fair
Value
(In millions)Gains Losses Gains Losses (In millions)GainsLossesGainsLosses
Available-for-sale:               Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:               U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$617
 $4
 $1
 $620
 $4,265
 $7
 $9
 $4,263
Direct obligations$12,893 $39 $28 $12,904 $6,453 $123 $1 $6,575 
Mortgage-backed securities11,044
 51
 95
 11,000
 13,340
 76
 159
 13,257
Mortgage-backed securities16,019 251 57 16,213 13,891 421 7 14,305 
Asset-backed securities:               
Student loans(1)
4,795
 39
 8
 4,826
 5,659
 12
 75
 5,596
Credit cards1,567
 3
 22
 1,548
 1,377
 —
 26
 1,351
Sub-prime—
 —
 —
 —
 289
 1
 18
 272
Other(2)(1)
1,213
 8
 —
 1,221
 895
 10
 —
 905
Total asset-backed securities7,575
 50
 30
 7,595
 8,220
 23
 119
 8,124
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agenciesTotal U.S. Treasury and federal agencies28,912 290 85 29,117 20,344 544 8 20,880 
Non-U.S. debt securities:               Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities7,041
 36
 3
 7,074
 6,506
 35
 6
 6,535
Mortgage-backed securities1,989 13 0 2,002 1,994 4 2 1,996 
Asset-backed securities2,833
 6
 —
 2,839
 2,513
 4
 1
 2,516
Asset-backed securities2,451 2 2 2,451 2,294 1 4 2,291 
Government securities6,666
 8
 16
 6,658
 5,834
 8
 6
 5,836
Other(3)
5,783
 39
 4
 5,818
 5,587
 31
 5
 5,613
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agencyForeign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agency20,561 171 42 20,690 21,769 321 3 22,087 
Other(2)(1)
3,414 35 17 3,432 3,297 58 0 3,355 
Total non-U.S. debt securities22,323
 89
 23
 22,389
 20,440
 78
 18
 20,500
Total non-U.S. debt securities28,415 221 61 28,575 29,354 384 9 29,729 
State and political subdivisions9,444
 322
 28
 9,738
 10,233
 201
 112
 10,322
Collateralized mortgage obligations1,522
 15
 9
 1,528
 2,610
 18
 35
 2,593
Other U.S. debt securities2,923
 20
 15
 2,928
 2,481
 18
 30
 2,469
U.S. equity securities40
 8
 2
 46
 39
 6
 3
 42
Non-U.S. equity securities—
 —
 —
 —
 3
 —
 —
 3
U.S. money-market mutual funds394
 —
 —
 394
 409
 —
 —
 409
Non-U.S. money-market mutual funds—
 —
 —
 —
 16
 —
 —
 16
Total$55,882
 $559
 $203
 $56,238
 $62,056
 $427
 $485
 $61,998
Asset-backed securities:Asset-backed securities:
Student loans(2)
Student loans(2)
253 5 0 258 313 2 1 314 
Collateralized loan obligations(3)
Collateralized loan obligations(3)
4,690 5 1 4,694 2,969 3 6 2,966 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(4)
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(4)
64 1 0 65 76 2 0 78 
OtherOther90 2 0 92 90 0 0 90 
Total asset-backed securitiesTotal asset-backed securities5,097 13 1 5,109 3,358 7 7 3,448 
State and political subdivisions(5)
State and political subdivisions(5)
1,423 70 2 1,491 1,470 80 2 1,548 
Other U.S. debt securities(6)
Other U.S. debt securities(6)
3,161 47 3 3,205 3,371 72 0 3,443 
Total available-for-sale securities(7)
Total available-for-sale securities(7)
$67,008 $641 $152 $67,497 $57,897 $1,087 $26 $59,048 
Held-to-maturity:               Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:               U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$17,456
 $20
 $37
 $17,439
 $17,527
 $17
 $58
 $17,486
Direct obligations$4,696 $38 $0 $4,734 $6,057 $83 $0 $6,140 
Mortgage-backed securities12,375
 38
 169
 12,244
 10,334
 20
 221
 10,133
Mortgage-backed securities33,408 585 259 33,734 36,901 955 67 37,789 
Asset-backed securities:               
Student loans(1)
3,116
 25
 13
 3,128
 2,883
 5
 30
 2,858
Credit cards798
 3
 —
 801
 897
 2
 —
 899
Other1
 —
 —
 1
 35
 —
 —
 35
Total asset-backed securities3,915
 28
 13
 3,930
 3,815
 7
 30
 3,792
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agenciesTotal U.S. Treasury and federal agencies38,104 623 259 38,468 42,958 1,038 67 43,929 
Non-U.S. debt securities:               Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities1,000
 84
 7
 1,077
 1,150
 70
 15
 1,205
Mortgage-backed securities233 69 2 300 303 68 4 367 
Asset-backed securities325
 1
 —
 326
 531
 —
 —
 531
Government securities483
 2
 —
 485
 286
 3
 —
 289
Other47
 —
 —
 47
 113
 1
 —
 114
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agencyForeign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agency1,595 0 1 1,594 342 0 0 342 
Total non-U.S. debt securities1,855
 87
 7
 1,935
 2,080
 74
 15
 2,139
Total non-U.S. debt securities1,828 69 3 1,894 645 68 4 709 
Collateralized mortgage obligations1,249
 44
 5
 1,288
 1,413
 42
 11
 1,444
Total$36,850
 $217
 $231
 $36,836
 $35,169
 $160
 $335
 $34,994
Asset-backed securities:Asset-backed securities:
Student loans(2)
Student loans(2)
4,860 54 13 4,901 4,774 33 25 4,782 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(8)
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS(8)
392 31 1 422 554 30 1 583 
Total asset-backed securitiesTotal asset-backed securities5,252 85 14 5,323 5,328 63 26 5,365 
Total(7)(9)
Total(7)(9)
45,184 777 276 45,685 48,931 1,169 97 50,003 
Held-to-maturity under money market mutual fund liquidity facilityHeld-to-maturity under money market mutual fund liquidity facility0 0 0 0 3,300 4 0 3,304 
Total held-to-maturity securities(7)
Total held-to-maturity securities(7)
$45,184 $777 $276 $45,685 $52,231 $1,173 $97 $53,307 
(1) As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value includes non-U.S. corporate bonds of $1.94 billion and $1.88 billion, respectively.
(1) (2)Primarily composedcomprised of securities guaranteed by the federal government with respect to at least 97% of defaulted principal and accrued interest on the underlying loans.
(2) As(3) Excludes collateralized loan obligations in loan form. Refer to Note 4 for additional information.
(4) Consists entirely of Septembernon-agency CMBS as of both June 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020.
(5) As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the fair value of other ABS was primarily composedstate and political subdivisions includes securities in trusts of $1,221 million$0.69 billion and $905 million, respectively, of CLOs.$0.70 billion, respectively. Additional information about these trusts is provided in Note 11.
(3) (6)As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, the fair value of other non-U.S. debtU.S. corporate bonds was $3.20 billion and $3.44 billion, respectively.
(7) An immaterial amount of accrued interest related to HTM and AFS investment securities was primarily composedexcluded from the amortized cost basis for the period ended June 30, 2021.
(8) As of $3,600June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the total amortized cost included $319 million and $3,769$464 million, respectively, of covered bondsnon-agency CMBS and $1,503$73 million and $988$90 million as of Septembernon-agency RMBS, respectively.
(9) As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively,2021, we recognized an allowance for credit losses of corporate bonds.$2 million on HTM investment securities.



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Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Aggregate investment securities with carrying values of approximately $52$76.82 billion and $46$70.57 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively, were designated as pledged for public and trust deposits, short-term borrowings and for other purposes as provided by law.
In the first quarter of 2017, we sold $2.7 billion of AFS, primarily Agency MBS and U.S. Treasury securities in our investment portfolio, in response to the current interest rate environment resulting in a pre-tax loss of $40 million.
The following tables present the aggregate fair values of AFS investment securities that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for less than 12 months, and those that have been in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer, as of the dates indicated:
As of June 30, 2021
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
(In millions)Fair
Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$6,427 $28 $0 $0 $6,427 $28 
Mortgage-backed securities4,234 55 115 2 4,349 57 
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agencies10,661 83 115 2 10,776 85 
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities49 0 37 0 86 0 
Asset-backed securities535 1 674 1 1,209 2 
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agency7,309 42 2 0 7,311 42 
Other976 17 69 0 1,045 17 
Total non-U.S. debt securities8,869 60 782 1 9,651 61 
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations2,535 1 113 0 2,648 1 
Total asset-backed securities2,535 1 113 0 2,648 1 
State and political subdivisions126 0 46 2 172 2 
Other U.S. debt securities514 3 0 0 514 3 
Total$22,705 $147 $1,056 $5 $23,761 $152 
 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total
September 30, 2017
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
(In millions)     
Available-for-sale:           
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:           
Direct obligations$—
 $—
 $153
 $1
 $153
 $1
Mortgage-backed securities4,382
 51
 1,880
 44
 6,262
 95
Asset-backed securities:           
Student loans—
 —
 1,191
 8
 1,191
 8
Credit cards499
 22
 —
 —
 499
 22
Total asset-backed securities499

22

1,191

8

1,690

30
Non-U.S. debt securities:           
Mortgage-backed securities780
 2
 569
 1
 1,349
 3
Government securities4,965
 16
 —
 —
 4,965
 16
Other447
 3
 229
 1
 676
 4
Total non-U.S. debt securities6,192

21

798

2

6,990

23
State and political subdivisions1,052
 15
 525
 13
 1,577
 28
Collateralized mortgage obligations550
 7
 56
 2
 606
 9
Other U.S. debt securities1,141
 14
 75
 1
 1,216
 15
U.S. equity securities—
 —
 6
 2
 6
 2
Total$13,816
 $130
 $4,684
 $73
 $18,500
 $203
Held-to-maturity:           
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:           
Direct obligations$9,660
 $36
 $77
 $1
 $9,737
 $37
Mortgage-backed securities6,939
 152
 493
 17
 7,432
 169
Asset-backed securities:        

 

Student loans544
 8
 389
 5
 933
 13
Total asset-backed securities544
 8
 389
 5

933

13
Non-U.S. debt securities:           
Mortgage-backed securities—
 —
 259
 7
 259
 7
Total non-U.S. debt securities—

—

259

7

259

7
Collateralized mortgage obligations245
 2
 176
 3
 421
 5
Total$17,388

$198

$1,394

$33

$18,782

$231


As of December 31, 2020
Less than 12 months12 months or longerTotal
(In millions)Fair
Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Fair
Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$1,636 $1 $0 $0 $1,636 $1 
Mortgage-backed securities1,394 7 63 0 1,457 7 
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agencies3,030 8 63 0 3,093 8 
Asset-backed securities:
Student loans31 0 197 1 228 1 
Collateralized loan obligations1,498 4 369 2 1,867 6 
Total asset-backed securities1,529 4 566 3 2,095 7 
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities600 1 120 1 720 2 
Asset-backed securities1,015 3 446 1 1,461 4 
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agency489 0 0 0 489 0 
Other715 3 80 0 795 3 
Total non-U.S. debt securities2,819 7 646 2 3,465 9 
State and political subdivisions95 0 76 2 171 2 
Other U.S. debt securities17 0 0 0 17 0 
Total$7,490 $19 $1,351 $7 $8,841 $26 
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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total
December 31, 2016
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
(In millions)     
Available-for-sale:           
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:           
Direct obligations$651
 $8
 $180
 $1
 $831
 $9
Mortgage-backed securities7,072
 131
 1,114
 28
 8,186
 159
Asset-backed securities:           
Student loans54
 —
 3,745
 75
 3,799
 75
Credit cards795
 1
 494
 25
 1,289
 26
Sub-prime1
 —
 252
 18
 253
 18
Other75
 —
 —
 —
 75
 —
Total asset-backed securities925
 1
 4,491
 118
 5,416
 119
Non-U.S. debt securities:           
Mortgage-backed securities442
 1
 893
 5
 1,335
 6
Asset-backed securities253
 —
 276
 1
 529
 1
Government securities1,314
 6
 —
 —
 1,314
 6
Other670
 4
 218
 1
 888
 5
Total non-U.S. debt securities2,679
 11
 1,387
 7
 4,066
 18
State and political subdivisions3,390
 102
 304
 10
 3,694
 112
Collateralized mortgage obligations1,259
 31
 162
 4
 1,421
 35
Other U.S. debt securities944
 24
 157
 6
 1,101
 30
U.S. equity securities8
 —
 5
 3
 13
 3
Total$16,928
 $308
 $7,800
 $177
 $24,728
 $485
Held-to-maturity:           
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:           
Direct obligations$8,891
 $57
 $86
 $1
 $8,977
 $58
     Mortgage-backed securities6,838
 221
 —
 —
 6,838
 221
Asset-backed securities:           
Student loans705
 9
 1,235
 21
 1,940
 30
Credit cards33
 —
 —
 —
 33
 —
Other18
 —
 9
 —
 27
 —
Total asset-backed securities756
 9
 1,244
 21
 2,000
 30
Non-U.S. debt securities:           
Mortgage-backed securities54
 2
 330
 13
 384
 15
Asset-backed securities28
 —
 35
 —
 63
 —
Government securities180
 —
 —
 —
 180
 —
Total non-U.S. debt securities262
 2
 365
 13
 627
 15
Collateralized mortgage obligations537
 4
 204
 7
 741
 11
Total$17,284
 $293
 $1,899
 $42
 $19,183
 $335

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents the amortized cost and the fair value of contractual maturities of debt investment securities by carrying amount as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. The maturities of certain ABS, MBS and collateralized mortgage obligations are based on expected principal payments. Actual maturities may differ from these expected maturities since certain borrowers have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.
As of June 30, 2021
(In millions)Under 1 Year1 to 5 Years6 to 10 YearsOver 10 YearsTotal
Amortized CostFair ValueAmortized CostFair ValueAmortized CostFair ValueAmortized CostFair ValueAmortized CostFair Value
Available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$1,887 $1,892 $9,706 $9,691 $1,300 $1,321 $0 $0 $12,893 $12,904 
Mortgage-backed securities97 103 909 918 5,240 5,258 9,773 9,934 16,019 16,213 
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agencies1,984 1,995 10,615 10,609 6,540 6,579 9,773 9,934 28,912 29,117 
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities246 247 573 576 63 63 1,107 1,116 1,989 2,002 
Asset-backed securities311 310 1,214 1,214 519 520 407 407 2,451 2,451 
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agency3,448 3,453 14,318 14,438 2,774 2,779 21 20 20,561 20,690 
Other898 900 1,871 1,894 560 555 85 83 3,414 3,432 
Total non-U.S. debt securities4,903 4,910 17,976 18,122 3,916 3,917 1,620 1,626 28,415 28,575 
Asset-backed securities:
Student loans105 107 46 46 0 0 102 105 253 258 
Collateralized loan obligations64 64 825 826 1,819 1,820 1,982 1,984 4,690 4,694 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS0 0 0 0 0 0 64 65 64 65 
Other0 0 0 0 90 92 0 0 90 92 
Total asset-backed securities169 171 871 872 1,909 1,912 2,148 2,154 5,097 5,109 
State and political subdivisions144 144 633 655 498 539 148 153 1,423 1,491 
Other U.S. debt securities669 675 2,425 2,459 67 71 0 0 3,161 3,205 
Total$7,869 $7,895 $32,520 $32,717 $12,930 $13,018 $13,689 $13,867 $67,008 $67,497 
Held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:
Direct obligations$4,274 $4,304 $404 $411 $0 $1 $18 $18 $4,696 $4,734 
Mortgage-backed securities201 207 307 313 4,645 4,672 28,255 28,542 33,408 33,734 
Total U.S. Treasury and federal agencies4,475 4,511 711 724 4,645 4,673 28,273 28,560 38,104 38,468 
Non-U.S. debt securities:
Mortgage-backed securities40 39 20 20 0 0 173 241 233 300 
Foreign sovereign, supranational and non-U.S agency345 345 1,249 1,248 1 1 0 0 1,595 1,594 
Total non-U.S. debt securities385 384 1,269 1,268 1 1 173 241 1,828 1,894 
Asset-backed securities:
Student loans361 355 109 108 1,102 1,115 3,288 3,323 4,860 4,901 
Non-agency CMBS and RMBS130 144 163 163 2 2 97 113 392 422 
Total asset-backed securities491 499 272 271 1,104 1,117 3,385 3,436 5,252 5,323 
Total$5,351 $5,394 $2,252 $2,263 $5,750 $5,791 $31,831 $32,237 $45,184 $45,685 
 
Under 1
Year
 
1 to 5
Years
 
6 to 10
Years
 
Over 10
Years
 Total
(In millions)    
Available-for-sale:         
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:         
Direct obligations$232
 $7
 $55
 $326
 $620
Mortgage-backed securities270
 1,311
 3,424
 5,995
 11,000
Asset-backed securities:         
Student loans408
 1,634
 1,159
 1,625
 4,826
Credit cards—
 1,296
 252
 —
 1,548
Other—
 120
 1,101
 —
 1,221
Total asset-backed securities408
 3,050
 2,512
 1,625
 7,595
Non-U.S. debt securities:         
Mortgage-backed securities837

4,128

1,046

1,063
 7,074
Asset-backed securities395

2,182

262

—
 2,839
Government securities3,000

2,288

1,370

—
 6,658
Other1,485

3,607

726

—
 5,818
Total non-U.S. debt securities5,717
 12,205
 3,404
 1,063
 22,389
State and political subdivisions433

2,525

5,020

1,760
 9,738
Collateralized mortgage obligations7

148

343

1,030
 1,528
Other U.S. debt securities404

1,052

1,472

—
 2,928
Total$7,471
 $20,298
 $16,230
 $11,799
 $55,798
Held-to-maturity:         
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:         
Direct obligations$1,827

$15,552

$14

$63
 $17,456
Mortgage-backed securities—

172

1,427

10,776
 12,375
Asset-backed securities:









  
Student loans87

240

298

2,491
 3,116
Credit cards178

620

—

—
 798
Other—

—

—

1
 1
Total asset-backed securities265
 860
 298
 2,492
 3,915
Non-U.S. debt securities:         
Mortgage-backed securities173

221

49

557
 1,000
Asset-backed securities84

241

—

—
 325
Government securities364

119

—

—
 483
Other—

47

—

—
 47
Total non-U.S. debt securities621
 628
 49
 557
 1,855
Collateralized mortgage obligations9

117

373

750
 1,249
Total$2,722
 $17,329
 $2,161
 $14,638
 $36,850

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Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents a roll-forward with respect to net impairment losses that have been recognized in income for the periods indicated.
  Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions) 2017 2016
Balance, beginning of period $66
 $92
Additions:    
Losses for which OTTI was previously recognized —
 2
Deductions:    
Previously recognized losses related to securities sold or matured (2) (26)
Balance, end of period $64
 $68
Interest income related to debt securities is recognized in our consolidated statement of income using the effective interest method, or on a basis approximating a level rate of return over the contractual or estimated life of the security. The level rate of return considers any non-refundable fees or costs, as well as purchase premiums or discounts, adjusted as prepayments occur, resulting in amortization or accretion, accordingly.
For debt securities acquired
Allowance for which we consider it probable asCredit Losses on Debt Securities and Impairment of the date of acquisition that we will be unable to collect all contractually required principal, interest and other payments, the excess of our estimate of undiscounted future cash flows from these securities over their initial recorded investment is accreted into interest income on a level-yield basis over the securities’ estimated remaining terms. Subsequent decreases in these securities’ expected future cash flows are either recognized prospectively through an adjustment of the yields on the securities over their remaining terms, or are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment. Increases in expected future cash flows are recognized prospectively over the securities’ estimated remaining terms through the recalculation of their yields.
For certain debt securities acquired which are considered to be beneficial interests in securitized financial assets, the excess of our estimate of undiscounted future cash flows from these securities over their initial recorded investment is accreted into interest income on a level-yield basis over the securities’ estimated remaining terms. Subsequent decreases in these securities’ expected future cash flows are either recognized prospectively through an adjustment of the yields on the securities over their remaining terms, or are evaluated for OTTI. Increases in expected future cash flows are recognized prospectively over the securities’ estimated remaining terms through the recalculation of their yields.
ImpairmentAFS Securities
We conduct periodicquarterly reviews of HTM and AFS securities on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist to determine whether an allowance for credit losses should be recognized. We review individual AFS securities periodically to assess whether OTTI exists.if additional impairment is required. For additional information about the CECL methodology and the review of investment securities for expected credit losses or impairment, refer to pages 149148 to 152149 in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
We recorded less than $1 millionmonitor the credit quality of OTTI in the nine months ended SeptemberHTM and AFS investment securities using a variety of methods, including both external and internal credit ratings. As of June 30, 20172021, 99% of our HTM and AFS investment portfolio is publicly rated investment grade.
Our allowance for credit losses on our HTM securities is approximately $2 million as of OTTI inJune 30, 2021. In the nine months ended September 30, 2016, which resulted from adverse changes in the timingsecond quarter of expected future cash flows2021, we recorded 0 provision for credit losses and 0 charge-offs on HTM securities. We have elected to not record an allowance on accrued interest for HTM and AFS securities. Accrued interest on these securities is reversed against interest income when payment on a security is delinquent for greater than 90 days from the securities.date of payment.
After a review of the investment portfolio, taking into consideration currentthen-current economic conditions, adverse situations that might affect our ability to fully collect principal and interest, the timing of future payments, the credit quality and performance of the collateral underlying MBS and ABS and other relevant factors, management considers the aggregate decline in fair value of the investment securities portfolio and the resulting gross pre-tax unrealized losses of $434$428 million related to 1,151661 securities as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 to not be temporary, and not the result of any material changes in the credit characteristics of the securities.


Note 4.    Loans and LeasesAllowance for Credit Losses
We segregate our loans and leases into three2 segments: commercial and financial loans and commercial real estate loans, and lease financing.loans. We further classify commercial and financial loans as fund finance loans, to investment funds, senior secured bankleveraged loans, loans to municipalities,overdrafts and other. These classifications reflect their risk characteristics, their initial measurement attributes and the methods we use to monitor and assess credit risk. For additional information on our loans, and leases, including our internal risk-rating system used to assess our risk of credit loss for each loan, or lease, refer to pages 152149 to 155154 in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
The following table presents our recorded investment in loans, by segment, as of the dates indicated:
(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Domestic(1):
Commercial and financial:
Fund Finance(2)
$12,029 $11,531 
Leveraged loans3,385 2,923 
Overdrafts2,196 1,894 
Other(3)
2,056 2,688 
Commercial real estate2,334 2,096 
Total domestic22,000 21,132 
Foreign(1):
Commercial and financial:
Fund Finance(2)
6,003 4,432 
Leveraged loans1,169 1,242 
Overdrafts1,532 1,088 
Other(3)
0 31 
Total foreign8,704 6,793 
Total loans(2)
30,704 27,925 
Allowance for credit losses(100)(122)
Loans, net of allowance$30,604 $27,803 
(1) Domestic and foreign categorization is based on the borrower’s country of domicile.
(2) Fund finance loans include primarily $6,419 million loans to real money funds, $8,710 million private equity capital call finance loans, $1,043 million loans to business development companies and $1,580 million collateralized loan obligations in loan form as of June 30, 2021, compared to $6,391 million loans to real money funds, $8,380 million private equity capital call finance loans and $821 million loans to business development companies as of December 31, 2020.
(3) Includes $1,406 million securities finance loans, $629 million loans to municipalities and $21 million other loans as of June 30, 2021 and $1,911 million securities finance loans, $754 million loans to municipalities and $54 million other loans as of December 31, 2020.
The commercial and financial segment is composed of primarily fund finance loans, purchased leveraged loans, overdrafts and other loans. Fund finance loans are composed of revolving credit lines providing liquidity and leverage to mutual fund and private equity fund clients, as well as collateralized loan obligations in loan form.

State Street Corporation | 7567


Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents our recorded investment in loans and leases, by segment, as of the dates indicated:
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Domestic:   
Commercial and financial:   
Loans to investment funds$12,886
 $11,734
Senior secured bank loans3,377
 3,256
Loans to municipalities1,955
 1,352
Other55
 70
Commercial real estate—
 27
Lease financing283
 338
Total domestic18,556
 16,777
Non-U.S.:   
Commercial and financial:   
Loans to investment funds4,138
 2,224
Senior secured bank loans514
 252
Lease financing430
 504
Total non-U.S.5,082
 2,980
Total loans and leases23,638
 19,757
Allowance for loan and lease losses(57) (53)
Loans and leases, net of allowance$23,581
 $19,704
The commercial and financial segment is composed of primarily floating-rate loans to mutual fund clients, purchased senior secured bank loans, and loans to municipalities. Investment fund lending is composed of short-duration revolving credit lines providing liquidity to fund clients in support of their transaction flows associated with securities' settlement activities.
Certain loans are pledged as collateral for access to the Federal Reserve's discount window. As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, the loans pledged as collateral totaled $1.7$9.79 billion and $1.5$8.07 billion, respectively.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we had 0 loans on non-accrual status.
We purchased $1,580 million collateralized loan obligations in loan form, which were all rated AAA, in the second quarter of 2021.
The following tables present our recorded investmentWe sold $21 million of leveraged loans in each classthe second quarter of loans2021 of which $16 million remained unsettled and leases by credit quality indicatorwas held for sale as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2017Commercial and Financial Commercial Real Estate 
Lease
Financing
 Total Loans and Leases
(In millions)
Investment grade(1)
$18,270
 $—
 $713
 $18,983
Speculative(2)
4,655
 —
 —
 4,655
Total$22,925
 $—
 $713
 $23,638
December 31, 2016Commercial and Financial Commercial Real Estate 
Lease
Financing
 Total Loans and Leases
(In millions)
Investment grade(1)
$14,889
 $27
 $842
 $15,758
Speculative(2)
3,984
 —
 —
 3,984
Substandard(3)
15
 —
 —
 15
Total$18,888
 $27
 $842
 $19,757
(1) Investment-grade loansJune 30, 2021. This included 1 loan which has been classified as doubtful and leases consist of counterparties with strong credit quality and low expected credit risk and probability of default. Ratings apply to counterparties with a strong capacity to support the timely repayment of any financial commitment.
(2) Speculative loans and leases consist of counterparties that face ongoing uncertainties or exposure to business, financial, or economic downturns. However, these counterparties may have financial flexibility or access to financial alternatives, which allow for financial commitments to be met.
(3) Substandard loans and leases consist of counterparties with well-defined weakness that jeopardizes repayment with the possibility we will sustain some loss.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents our recorded investment in loans and leases, disaggregated based on our impairment methodology, as of the dates indicated:
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
(In millions)Commercial and Financial Commercial Real Estate Lease Financing Total Loans and Leases Commercial and Financial Commercial Real Estate Lease Financing Total Loans and Leases
Loans and leases(1):
               
Individually evaluated for impairment$—
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $15
 $—
 $—
 $15
Collectively evaluated for impairment22,925
 —
 713
 23,638
 18,873
 27
 842
 19,742
Total$22,925
 $—
 $713
 $23,638
 $18,888
 $27
 $842
 $19,757
(1) For those portfolios where there are a small number of loans each with a large balance, we review each loan annually for indicators of impairment. For those loans where no such indicators are identified, the loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. As of September 30, 2017, no loans were individually evaluated for impairment. As of December 31, 2016, $0.2 million of the allowance for loan and lease loss related to commercial and financial loans were individually evaluated for impairment.

As of September 30, 2017, we had no impaired loans and leases. As of December 31, 2016, we identified one commercial and financial loan as impaired, with both a recorded investment and unpaid principal balance of $15 million. The impaired loan had zero related interest income and an associated allowance for loan losses of $0.2 million.is pending settlement.
In certain circumstances, we restructure troubled loans by granting concessions to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. Once restructured, the loans are generally considered impaired until their maturity, regardless of whether the borrowers perform under the modified terms of the loans. There were no0 loans modified in troubled debt restructurings during the nine months ended September 30, 2017second quarter of 2021.
Allowance for Credit Losses
We recognize an allowance for credit losses in accordance with ASC 326 for financial assets held at amortized cost and off-balance sheet commitments. The allowance for credit losses is reviewed on a regular basis, and any provision for credit losses is recorded to reflect the amount necessary to maintain the allowance for expected credit losses at a level which represents what management does not expect to recover due to expected credit losses. For additional discussion on the allowance for credit losses for investment securities, please refer to Note 3, to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.
When the allowance is recorded, a provision for credit loss expense is recognized in net income. The allowance for credit losses for financial assets (excluding investment securities, as discussed in Note 3) represents the portion of the amortized cost basis, including accrued interest for financial assets held at amortized cost, which management does not expect to recover due to expected credit losses and is presented on the statement of condition as an offset to the amortized cost basis. The accrued interest balance is presented separately on the statement of condition within accrued interest and fees receivable. The allowance for off-balance sheet commitments is presented within other liabilities.
The allowance for credit losses may be determined using various methods, including discounted cash flow methods, loss-rate methods, probability-of-default methods, and other quantitative or qualitative methods as determined by us. The method used to estimate expected credit losses may vary depending on the type of financial asset, our ability to predict the timing of cash flows, and the year ended December 31, 2016.information available to us.
We measure expected credit losses of financial assets on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristic exist. Each reporting period, we assess whether the assets in the pool continue to display similar risk characteristics.
For a financial asset that does not share risk characteristics with other assets, expected credit losses are measured as the difference between the discounted value of the expected future cash flows, utilizing the effective interest rate and the amortized cost basis of the asset. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017, there were no2021, we had 6 loans or leases on non-accrual status. As of December 31, 2016, there was onefor $160 million in the commercial and financial loan on non-accrual status andsegment that no CRE loans or leases were on non-accrual status. There were no loans and leases 90 days or more contractually past duelonger met the similar risk characteristics of their collective pool. We recorded an allowance for credit losses of $10 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 on these loans.
Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and December 31, 2016.
Allowance for loanrequires judgment by management about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. In future periods, factors and lease losses
The following table presents activityforecasts then prevailing may result in significant changes in the allowance for credit losses in those future periods.
We estimate credit losses over the contractual life of the financial asset, while factoring in prepayment activity, where supported by data, over a three year reasonable and supportable forecast period. We utilize a baseline, upside and downside scenario which are applied based on a probability weighting, in order to better reflect management’s expectation of expected credit losses given existing market conditions and the changes in the economic environment. The multiple scenarios are based on a three year horizon (or less depending on contractual maturity) and then revert linearly over a two year period to a ten-year historical average thereafter. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals and modifications, but includes prepayment assumptions where applicable.
As part of our allowance methodology, we establish qualitative reserves to address any risks inherent in our portfolio that are not addressed through our quantitative reserve assessment. These factors may relate to, among other things, legislation changes or new regulation, credit concentration, loan markets, scenario weighting and leaseoverall model limitations. The qualitative adjustments are applied to
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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
our portfolio of financial instruments under the existing governance structure and are inherently judgmental.
For additional information on the allowance for credit losses, refer to pages 150 to 151 in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements included under item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2020 Form 10-K.
Credit Quality
Credit quality for financial assets held at amortized cost are continuously monitored by management and is reflected within the allowance for credit losses.
We use an internal risk-rating system to assess our risk of credit loss for each loan. This risk-rating process incorporates the use of risk-rating tools in conjunction with management judgment. Qualitative and quantitative inputs are captured in a systematic manner, and following a formal review and approval process, an internal credit rating based on our credit scale is assigned.
When computing allowance levels, credit loss assumptions are estimated using a model that categorizes asset pools based on loss history, delinquency status and other credit trends and risk characteristics, including current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts about the future. Determining the appropriateness of the allowance is complex and requires judgment by management about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. In future periods evaluations of the overall asset portfolio, in light of the factors and forecasts then prevailing, may result in significant changes in the allowance and credit loss expense in those future periods.
Credit quality is assessed and monitored by evaluating various attributes in order to enable the earliest possible detection of any concerns with the customer’s credit rating. The results of those evaluations are utilized in underwriting new loans and transactions with counterparties and in our process for estimation of expected credit losses.
In assessing the risk rating assigned to each individual loan, among the factors considered are the
borrower's debt capacity, collateral coverage, payment history and delinquency experience, financial flexibility and earnings strength, the expected amounts and source of repayment, the level and nature of contingencies, if any, and the industry and geography in which the borrower operates. These factors are based on an evaluation of historical and current information, and involve subjective assessment and interpretation. Credit counterparties are evaluated and risk-rated on an individual basis at least annually. Management considers the ratings to be current as of June 30, 2021.
Our internal risk rating methodology assigns risk ratings to counterparties ranging from Investment Grade, Speculative, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss.
•Investment Grade. Counterparties with strong credit quality and low expected credit risk and probability of default. Approximately 82% of our loans were rated as investment grade as of June 30, 2021 with external credit ratings, or equivalent, of "BBB-" or better.
•Speculative. Counterparties that have the ability to repay but face significant uncertainties, such as adverse business, financial circumstances that could affect credit risk or economic downturns. Loans to counterparties rated as speculative account for approximately 17% of our loans as of June 30, 2021, and are concentrated in leveraged loans. Approximately 88% of those leveraged loans have an external credit rating, or equivalent, of "BB" or "B" as of June 30, 2021.
•Special Mention. Counterparties with potential weaknesses that, if uncorrected, may result in deterioration of repayment prospects.
•Substandard. Counterparties with well-defined weakness that jeopardizes repayment with the possibility we will sustain some loss.
•Doubtful. Counterparties with well-defined weakness which make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.
•Loss. Counterparties which are uncollectible or have little value.
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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
The following tables present our recorded loans to counterparties by risk rating, as noted above, as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2021Commercial and FinancialCommercial Real EstateTotal Loans
(In millions)
Investment grade$23,243 $1,912 $25,155 
Speculative4,909 422 5,331 
Special mention110 0 110 
Substandard92 0 92 
Doubtful16 0 16 
Total(1)
$28,370 $2,334 $30,704 
 Three Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
(In millions)Total Loans and Leases Total Loans and Leases
Allowance for loan and lease losses(1):
  
Beginning balance$54
 $51
Provision for loan and lease losses3
 —
Charge-offs—
 —
Ending balance$57
 $51
    
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
(In millions)Total Loans and Leases Total Loans and Leases
Allowance for loan and lease losses(1):
  
Beginning balance$53
 $46
Provision for loan and lease losses4
 8
Charge-offs—
 (3)
Ending balance$57
 $51
December 31, 2020Commercial and FinancialCommercial Real EstateTotal Loans 
(In millions)
Investment grade$20,859 $1,724 $22,583 
Speculative4,852 372 5,224 
Special mention67 0 67 
Substandard34 0 34 
Doubtful17 0 17 
Total(1)
$25,829 $2,096 $27,925 
(1) Loans Include $3,728 million and $2,982 million of overdrafts as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 respectively. Overdrafts are short-term in nature and do not present a significant credit risk to us.
For additional information about credit quality, refer to pages 151 to 154 in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2020 Form 10-K.
The following table presents the amortized cost basis, by year of origination and credit quality indicator as of June 30, 2021. For origination years before the fifth annual period, we present the aggregate amortized cost basis of loans. For purchased loans, the date of issuance is used to determine the year of origination, not the date of acquisition. For modified, extended or renewed lending arrangements, we evaluate whether a credit event has occurred which would consider the loan to be a new arrangement.
(In millions)20212020201920182017PriorRevolving Loans
Total(1)
Domestic loans:
Commercial and financial:
Risk Rating:
Investment grade$2,309 $15 $409 $4 $157 $0 $12,937 $15,831 
Speculative769 507 745 681 509 69 376 3,656 
Special mention0 0 48 28 34 0 0 110 
Substandard0 0 43 26 0 0 0 69 
Total commercial and financing$3,078 $522 $1,245 $739 $700 $69 $13,313 $19,666 
Commercial real estate:
Risk Rating:
Investment grade$238 $129 $383 $688 $277 $197 $0 $1,912 
Speculative120 49 166 58 0 29 0 $422 
Total commercial real estate$358 $178 $549 $746 $277 $226 $0 $2,334 
Non-U.S. loans:
Commercial and financial:
Risk Rating:
Investment grade$2,929 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $4,483 $7,412 
Speculative244 197 347 225 169 31 40 1,253 
Substandard0 0 0 23 0 0 0 23 
Doubtful0 0 0 0 16 0 0 16 
Total commercial and financing$3,173 $197 $347 $248 $185 $31 $4,523 $8,704 
Total loans$6,609 $897 $2,141 $1,733 $1,162 $326 $17,836 $30,704 
(1) Any reserve associated with accrued interest is not material.As of June 30, 2021, accrued interest receivable of $73 million included in the amortized cost basis of loans has been excluded from the amortized cost basis within this table.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
The provisionsfollowing table presents the amortized cost basis, by year of origination and charge-offscredit quality indicator as of December 31, 2020:


(In millions)20202019201820172016PriorRevolving Loans
Total(1)
Domestic loans:
Commercial and financial:
Risk Rating:
Investment grade$1,894 $388 $4 $167 $200 $0 $12,836 $15,489 
Speculative432 942 822 610 43 0 597 3,446 
Special mention0 28 0 39 0 0 0 67 
Substandard0 5 0 0 29 0 0 34 
Total commercial and financing$2,326 $1,363 $826 $816 $272 $0 $13,433 $19,036 
Commercial real estate:
Risk Rating:
Investment grade$178 $383 $688 $277 $197 $0 $0 $1,723 
Speculative120 166 58 0 0 29 0 $373 
Total commercial real estate$298 $549 $746 $277 $197 $29 $0 $2,096 
Non-U.S. loans:
Commercial and financial:
Risk Rating:
Investment grade$1,028 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $4,343 $5,371 
Speculative283 401 346 162 26 66 121 1,405 
Doubtful0 0 0 17 0 0 0 17 
Total commercial and financing$1,311 $401 $346 $179 $26 $66 $4,464 $6,793 
Total loans$3,935 $2,313 $1,918 $1,272 $495 $95 $17,897 $27,925 
(1) Any reserve associated with accrued interest is not material.As of December 31, 2020, accrued interest receivable of $72 million included in the amortized cost basis of loans has been excluded from the amortized cost basis within this table.
The following tables present the activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio and class for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Commercial and Financial
(In millions)Leveraged Loans
Other Loans(1)
Commercial Real EstateHeld-to-Maturity SecuritiesOff-Balance Sheet CommitmentsAll OtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance$92 $12 $14 $2 $15 $0 $135 
Charge-offs(1)0 0 0 0 0 (1)
Provision(19)0 0 0 4 0 (15)
Currency translation2 0 0 0 0 0 2 
Ending balance$74 $12 $14 $2 $19 $0 $121 
(1) Includes $10 million allowance for credit losses on Fund Finance loans and leases were attributable to exposure to senior secured$2 million on other loans.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Commercial and Financial
(In millions)Leveraged Loans
Other Loans(1)
Commercial Real EstateHeld-to-Maturity SecuritiesOff-Balance Sheet CommitmentsAll OtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance$97 $17 $8 $3 $22 $1 $148 
Charge-offs(1)0 0 0 0 0 (1)
Provision(20)(5)6 (1)(3)(1)(24)
Currency translation(2)0 0 0 0 0 (2)
Ending balance$74 $12 $14 $2 $19 $0 $121 
(1) Includes $10 million allowance for credit losses on Fund Finance loans to non-investment grade borrowers, purchased in connection with our participation in syndicatedand $2 million on other loans.


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CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Commercial and Financial
(In millions)Leveraged LoansOther LoansCommercial Real EstateOff-Balance Sheet CommitmentsAll OtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance$83 $10 $4 $22 $5 $124 
Charge-offs(14)0 0 0 0 (14)
Provision43 10 4 (4)(1)52 
FX translation1 0 0 0 0 1 
Ending balance$113 $20 $8 $18 $4 $163 

Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Commercial and Financial
(In millions)Leveraged LoansOther LoansCommercial Real EstateOff-Balance Sheet CommitmentsAll OtherTotal
Allowance for credit losses:
Beginning balance$61 $10 $2 $19 $1 $93 
Charge-offs(19)0 0 0 0 (19)
Provision70 10 6 (1)3 88 
FX translation1 0 0 0 0 1 
Ending balance$113 $20 $8 $18 $4 $163 
Loans and leases are reviewed on a regular basis, and any provisions for loan and leasecredit losses that are recorded reflect management's estimate of the amount necessary to maintain the allowance for loan and lease losses at a level considered appropriate to absorb estimated incurredcredit losses in the loan portfolio. In the second quarter of 2021, we reduced the allowance for credit losses by $14 million, principally through a $15 million reserve release in the provision forcredit losses, compared to an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $39 million principally through a $52 million provision for credit losses, in the second quarter of 2020. The reduction in the allowance reflects a positive shift in management's economic outlook. Allowance estimates remain subject to continued model and lease portfolio.
economic uncertainty and management may use qualitative adjustments in the allowance estimates. If future data and forecasts deviate relative to the forecasts utilized to determine our allowance for credit losses as of June 30, 2021, or if credit risk migration is higher or lower than forecasted for reasons independent of the economic forecast, our allowance for credit losses will also change.

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CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 5.    Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The following table presents changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the periods indicated:
(In millions)
Investment
Servicing
 
Investment
Management
 Total
Goodwill:     
Beginning balance January 1, 2016$5,641
 $30
 $5,671
Acquisitions(1)
—
 236
 236
Divestitures and other reductions(11) —
 (11)
Foreign currency translation(80) (2) (82)
Ending balance December 31, 2016$5,550
 $264
 $5,814
Acquisitions17
 —
 17
Divestitures and other reductions(9) —
 (9)
Foreign currency translation170
 5
 175
Ending balance September 30, 2017$5,728
 $269
 $5,997
(In millions)
Investment
  Servicing(1)
Investment
Management		Total
Goodwill:
Ending balance December 31, 2019$7,289 $267 $7,556 
Foreign currency translation124 3 127 
Ending balance December 31, 20207,413 270 7,683 
Acquisitions(2)
5 0 5 
Divestitures(3)
(17)0 (17)
Foreign currency translation(42)0 (42)
Ending balance June 30, 2021$7,359 $270 $7,629 
(1) Investment ManagementServicing includes our acquisition of GEAMCRD.
(2) Investment Servicing includes our acquisition of the depositary bank and fund administrator activities of Fideuram Bank Luxembourg, a subsidiary of Intesa Sanpaolo, with a total purchase price of approximately EUR 220 million or approximately $258 million. We accounted for this acquisition of a going concern as a business combination and, in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, we have recorded assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date. The purchase price accounting reflected is provisional and is based upon estimates and assumptions that are subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date pursuant to ASC 805). The measurement period remains open pending the completion of valuation procedures related to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, primarily the identifiable intangible assets.
(3) In the second quarter of 2021, we sold a majority share of our WMS business and recorded a $53 million gain on July 1, 2016.the sale.
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CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
The following table presents changes in the net carrying amount of other intangible assets during the periods indicated:
(In millions)
Investment
Servicing
 
Investment
Management
 Total
Other intangible assets:     
Beginning balance January 1, 2016$1,753
 $15
 $1,768
Acquisitions(1)
—
 217
 217
Divestitures(8) —
 (8)
Amortization(186) (21) (207)
Foreign currency translation and other, net(20) —
 (20)
Ending balance December 31, 2016$1,539
 $211
 $1,750
Acquisitions16
 —
 16
Divestitures(11) —
 (11)
Amortization(137) (23) (160)
Foreign currency translation and other, net63
 —
 63
Ending balance September 30, 2017$1,470
 $188
 $1,658
(In millions)
Investment
  Servicing(1)
Investment
Management		Total
Other intangible assets:
Ending balance December 31, 2019
$1,908 $122 $2,030 
Amortization(206)(28)(234)
Foreign currency translation31 0 31 
Ending balance December 31, 20201,733 94 1,827 
Acquisitions(2)
233 0 233 
Amortization(108)(13)(121)
Foreign currency translation(6)0 (6)
Ending balance June 30, 2021$1,852 $81 $1,933 
(1)Investment ManagementServicing includes our acquisition of GEAM on July 1, 2016.CRD.
(2) Investment Servicing includes our acquisition of the depositary bank and fund administrator activities, of Fideuram Bank Luxembourg, a subsidiary of Intesa Sanpaolo, for a total purchase price of approximately EUR 220 million or approximately $258 million. We accounted for this acquisition of a going concern as a business combination and, in accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, we have recorded assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their respective fair values as of the acquisition date. The purchase price accounting reflected is provisional and is based upon estimates and assumptions that are subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date pursuant to ASC 805). The measurement period remains open pending the completion of valuation procedures related to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, primarily the identifiable intangible assets.     
The following table presents the gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization and net carrying amount of other intangible assets by type as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2021Gross
Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization		Net
Carrying
Amount
(In millions)
Other intangible assets:
Client relationships$2,820 $(1,434)$1,386 
Technology387 (125)262 
Core deposits700 (439)261 
Other103 (79)24 
Total$4,010 $(2,077)$1,933 
December 31, 2020
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net
Carrying
Amount
(In millions)
Other intangible assets:
Client relationships$2,704 $(1,450)$1,254 
Technology393 (113)280 
Core deposits690 (425)265 
Other107 (79)28 
Total$3,894 $(2,067)$1,827 
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
(In millions)
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Carrying
Amount
Other intangible assets:           
Client relationships$2,654
 $(1,418) $1,236
 $2,620
 $(1,306) $1,314
Core deposits683
 (311) 372
 661
 (277) 384
Other141
 (91) 50
 132
 (80) 52
Total$3,478
 $(1,820) $1,658
 $3,413
 $(1,663) $1,750


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CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 6.    Other Assets
The following table presents the components of other assets as of the dates indicated:
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Receivable - securities lending(1)
$23,628
 $21,204
Securities borrowed(1)
Securities borrowed(1)
$24,690 $18,330 
Derivative instruments, net4,712
 7,321
Derivative instruments, net7,848 5,804 
Bank-owned life insurance3,219
 3,158
Bank-owned life insurance3,525 3,479 
Investments in joint ventures and other unconsolidated entities2,099
 2,363
Investments in joint ventures and other unconsolidated entities3,214 3,095 
Collateral, net902
 2,236
Collateral, net1,328 2,616 
Receivable for securities settlementReceivable for securities settlement1,102 117 
Right-of-use assetsRight-of-use assets622 720 
Prepaid expensesPrepaid expenses447 383 
Income tax receivableIncome tax receivable314 367 
Accounts receivable393
 886
Accounts receivable262 379 
Prepaid expenses422
 333
Receivable for securities settlement441
 40
Income taxes receivable368
 106
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance(2)
213
 210
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance(2)
212 233 
Deposits with clearing organizations125
 132
Deposits with clearing organizations62 58 
Other(3)
435
 339
Other(3)
1,846 929 
Total$36,957
 $38,328
Total$45,472 $36,510 
(1) Refer to Note 8, for further information on the impact of collateral on our financial statement presentation of securities borrowing and securities lending transactions.
(2) Deferred tax assets and liabilities recorded in our consolidated statement of condition are netted within the same tax jurisdiction.
(3) Includes amounts held in escrow accounts at third parties related to the negotiated settlements in the transition management legal matter presented in Note 10.Consists primarily of Advances for $1,411 million and $460 million as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.
Note 7. Derivative Financial Instruments
We use derivative financial instruments to support our clients' needs and to manage our interest-rateinterest rate and currency risk. In undertaking these activities, we assume positionsrisks. These financial instruments consist of FX contracts such as forwards, futures and options contracts; interest rate contracts such as interest rate swaps (cross currency and single currency) and futures; and other derivative contracts. Derivative instruments used for risk management purposes that are highly effective in bothoffsetting the foreign exchangerisk being hedged are generally designated as hedging instruments in hedge accounting relationships, while others are economic hedges and interest-rate markets by buyingnot designated in hedge accounting relationships. For additional information on our use and selling cash instruments and usingaccounting policies on derivative financial instruments, including foreign exchange forward contracts, foreign exchange options and interest-rate contracts. For information on our derivativederivatives not designated as hedging instruments, including the related accounting policies, refer to pages 160158 to 166159 in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Derivative financial instruments are also subject to credit and counterparty risk, which we manage by performing credit reviews, maintaining individual counterparty limits, entering into netting arrangements and requiring the receipt of collateral. Cash collateral received from and provided to counterparties in connection with derivative financial instruments is recorded in accrued expenses and other liabilities and other assets, respectively, in our consolidated statement of condition. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had recorded approximately $1.18 billion and $1.99 billion, respectively, of cash collateral received from counterparties and approximately $1.85 billion and
$4.39 billion, respectively, of cash collateral provided to counterparties in connection with derivative financial instruments in our consolidated statement of condition.
Certain of our derivative assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are subject to master netting agreements with our derivative counterparties. Certain of these agreements contain credit risk-related contingent features in which the counterparty has the right to declare us in default and accelerate cash settlement of our net derivative liabilities with the counterparty in the event that our credit rating falls below specified levels. The aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit risk-related contingent features that were in a net liability position as of September 30, 2017 totaled approximately $1.94 billion, against which we provided no underlying collateral. If our credit rating were downgraded below levels specified in the agreements, the maximum additional amount of payments related to termination events that could have been required pursuant to these contingent features, assuming no change in fair value, as of September 30, 2017 was approximately $1.94 billion. Such accelerated settlement would be at fair value and therefore not affect our consolidated results of operations.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
In connection with our trading activities, we use derivative financial instruments in our role as a financial intermediary and as both a manager and servicer of financial assets, in order to accommodate our clients' investment and risk management needs. In addition, we use derivative financial instruments for risk management purposes as economic hedges, which are not formally designated as accounting hedges, in order to contribute to our overall corporate earnings and liquidity. These activities are designed to generate trading services revenue and to manage volatility in our NII. The level of market risk that we assume is a function of our overall objectives and liquidity needs, our clients' requirements and market volatility. For additional information on derivative not designated as hedging instruments, refer to pages 161 to 162 in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
In connection with our asset-and-liability management activities, we use derivative financial instruments to manage our interest rate risk and foreign currency risk. Interest rate risk, defined as the sensitivity of income or financial condition to

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

variations in interest rates, is a significant non-trading market risk to which our assets and liabilities are exposed. We manage our interest rate risk by identifying, quantifying and hedging our exposures, using fixed-rate portfolio securities and a variety of derivative financial instruments, most frequently interest-rate swaps. Interest rate swap agreements alter the interest-rate characteristics of specific balance sheet assets or liabilities. We use foreign exchange forward and swap contracts to hedge foreign exchange exposure to various foreign currencies with respect to certain assets and liabilities. Our hedging relationships are formally designated, and qualify for hedge accounting, as fair value, cash flow or net investment hedges. For additional information on our derivatives designated as hedging instruments, including our risk management objectives and hedging documentation methodologies, refer to pages 162 to 166page 159 in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Fair Value Hedges
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges are utilized to mitigate the risk of changes in the fair values of recognized assets and liabilities, including long-term debt and AFS securities. We have entered intouse interest rate swap agreementscontracts in this manner to modify our interest income from certain AFS investment securities from a fixed rate to a floating rate. The hedged AFS investment securities included hedged trusts that had a weighted-average life of approximately 4.4 years as of September 30, 2017, compared to 4.5 years as of December 31, 2016.
We have entered into interest rate swap agreements to modify our interest expense on eight senior notes and one subordinated note from fixed rates to floating rates. The senior and subordinated notes are hedged with interest rate swap contracts with notional amounts, maturities and fixed-rate coupon terms that effectively hedge the fixed-rate notes. The table below summarizes the maturities and the paid fixed interest rates for the hedged senior and subordinated notes:
September 30, 2017 Maturity Paid Fixed Interest Rate
Senior Notes    
  2020 2.55%
  2021 4.38
  2021 1.95
  2022 2.65
  2023 3.70
  2024 3.30
  2025 3.55
  2026 2.65
     
Subordinated Notes    
  2023 3.10
We have entered into foreign exchange swap contracts to hedge the change in fair value attributable to foreign exchange movements in our foreign currency denominated investment securities and deposits. These forward contracts convert the foreign currency risk to U.S. dollars, thereby mitigatingmanage our exposure to fluctuationschanges in the fair value of hedged items caused by changes in interest rates.
Changes in the fair value of the securitiesderivative and deposits attributablechanges in fair value of the hedged item due to changes in foreign exchange rates.the hedged risk are recognized in earnings in the same line item. If a hedge is terminated, but the hedged item was not derecognized, all remaining adjustments to the carrying amount of the hedged item are amortized over a period that is consistent with the amortization of other discounts or premiums associated with the hedged item.
Cash Flow Hedges
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges are utilized to offset the variability of cash flows of recognized assets or liabilities or forecasted transactions. We have entered into foreign exchangeFX contracts to hedge the change in cash flows attributable to foreign exchangeFX movements in foreign currency denominated investment securities. These foreign exchange contracts convert the foreign currency risk to U.S. dollars, thereby mitigating our exposure to fluctuations in the cash flows of the securities attributable to changes in foreign exchange rates.
WeAdditionally, we have entered into an interest rate swap agreementagreements to hedge the forecasted cash flows associated with LIBOR-indexedLIBOR indexed floating-rate loans. The interest rate swaps synthetically convert the loan interest receipts from a variable-rate to a fixed-rate, thereby mitigating the risk attributable to changes in the LIBOR benchmark rate. As of September 30, 2017, the maximum maturity date
Changes in fair value of the underlying loansderivatives designated as cash flow hedges are initially recorded in AOCI and then reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged forecasted transaction affects earnings and are presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. If the hedge relationship is terminated, the change in fair value on the derivative recorded in AOCI is reclassified into earnings consistent with the timing of the hedged item. For hedge relationships that are discontinued because a forecasted transaction is not expected to occur according to the original hedge terms, any related derivative values recorded in AOCI are immediately recognized in earnings. The net gain associated with cash flow hedges expected to be reclassified from AOCI within 12 months of June 30, 2021, is approximately 5.0$70 million. The maximum
length of time over which forecasted cash flows are hedged is 5 years.
Net Investment Hedges
We haveDerivatives categorized as net investment hedges are entered into foreign exchange contracts to protect the net investment in our foreign operations against adverse changes in exchange rates. TheseWe use FX forward contracts to convert the foreign currency risk to U.S. dollars thereby mitigatingto mitigate our exposure to fluctuations in the fair value of our net investments in our foreign operations attributable to changes in foreign exchangeFX rates. The changes in fair value of the foreign exchangeFX forward contracts are recorded, net of taxes, in the foreign currency translation component of other comprehensive income.  Effectiveness of net investment hedges is based on the overall changes in the fair value of the forward contracts.
OCI.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following table presents the aggregate contractual, or notional, amounts of derivative financial instruments, including those entered into in connection with ourfor trading and asset-and-liability management activities as of the dates indicated:
(In millions)September 30,
2017		 December 31,
2016		(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:  Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest-rate contracts:   
Interest rate contracts:Interest rate contracts:
Futures$14,262
 $13,455
Futures$3,437 $2,842 
Foreign exchange contracts:   Foreign exchange contracts:
Forward, swap and spot1,618,670
 1,414,765
Forward, swap and spot2,724,537 2,640,989 
Options purchased455
 337
Options purchased443 946 
Options written262
 202
Options written21 661 
Futures—
 —
Futures2,214 1,980 
Other:   Other:
Stable value contracts25,351
 27,182
Deferred value awards(1)(2)
531
 409
Stable value contracts(1)
Stable value contracts(1)
32,222 32,359 
Deferred value awards(2)
Deferred value awards(2)
404 332 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:  Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest-rate contracts:   
Interest rate contracts:Interest rate contracts:
Swap agreements10,616
 10,169
Swap agreements14,198 7,449 
Foreign exchange contracts:   Foreign exchange contracts:
Forward and swap27,429
 8,564
Forward and swap6,918 5,221 


(1) The notional value of the stable value contracts represents our maximum exposure. However, exposure to various stable value contracts is generally contractually limited to substantially lower amounts than the notional values.
(1) (2)Represents grants of deferred value awards to employees; refer to discussionpages 158 to 159 in this note under "Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments."
(2) Amount as of December 31, 2016 reflects $249 million relatedNote 10 to the acceleration of expense associated with certain cash settled deferred incentive compensation awards.consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2020 Form 10-K.
In connection with our asset-and-liability management activities, we have entered into interest-rate contracts designatedNotional amounts are provided here as fair value and cash flow hedges to manage our interest rate risk. The following tables present the aggregate notional amounts of these interest rate contracts and the related assets or liabilities being hedged asan indication of the dates indicated:
 September 30, 2017
(In millions)Fair Value Hedges Cash
Flow
Hedges		 Total
Investment securities available-for-sale$1,323
 $—
 $1,323
Long-term debt(1)
8,493
 —
 8,493
Floating-rate loans—
 800
 800
Total$9,816
 $800
 $10,616
 
December 31, 2016(2)
(In millions)Fair Value Hedges
Investment securities available-for-sale$1,444
Long-term debt(1)
8,725
Total$10,169
(1) Asvolume of September 30, 2017, theseour derivative activity and serve as a reference to calculate the fair value hedges decreasedvalues of the carrying value of LTD presented in our consolidated statement of condition by $1 million. As of December 31, 2016, these fair value hedges decreased the carrying value of long-term debt presented in our consolidated statement of condition by $15 million.derivative.
(2) As of December 31, 2016, there were no interest-rate contracts designated as cash flow hedges.

The following table presents the contractual and weighted-average interest rates for long-term debt, which include the effects of the fair value hedges presented in the table above, for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
 
Contractual
Rates
 
Rate 
Including
Impact of Hedges
 
Contractual
Rates
 
Rate 
Including
Impact of Hedges
Long-term debt3.30% 2.67% 3.37% 2.27%
        
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
 Contractual
Rates		 Rate 
Including
Impact of Hedges		 Contractual
Rates		 Rate 
Including
Impact of Hedges
Long-term debt3.35% 2.61% 3.41% 2.24%
The following tables present the fair value of derivative financial instruments, excluding the impact of master netting agreements, recorded in our consolidated statement of condition as of the dates indicated. The impact of master netting agreements is provided in Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.8.
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CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 
Derivative Assets(1)
 Fair Value
(In millions)September 30,
2017		 December 31, 2016
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$11,667
 $15,982
Total$11,667
 $15,982
    
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$70
 $502
Interest-rate contracts3
 68
Total$73
 $570
Derivative Assets(1)
Derivative Liabilities(2)
(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$17,218 $25,939 $17,133 $25,811 
Other derivative contracts0 0 183 157 
Total$17,218 $25,939 $17,316 $25,968 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$144 $4 $8 $116 
Interest rate contracts1 1 31 42 
Total$145 $5 $39 $158 
(1)Derivative assets are included within other assets in our consolidated statement of condition.
 
Derivative Liabilities(1)
 Fair Value
(In millions)September 30,
2017		 December 31, 2016
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$11,506
 $15,881
Other derivative contracts319
 380
Total$11,825
 $16,261
    
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$77
 $75
Interest-rate contracts107
 348
Total$184
 $423
(1)(2) Derivative liabilities are included within other liabilities in our consolidated statement of condition.

The following table presents the impact of our use of derivative financial instruments on our consolidated statement of income for the periods indicated:

Location of Gain (Loss) on
Derivative in Consolidated
Statement of Income		Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Income
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)2021202020212020
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contractsForeign exchange trading services revenue$188 $215 $431 $548 
Foreign exchange contractsInterest expense16 17 37 19 
Interest rate contractsForeign exchange trading services revenue1 0 1 3 
Other derivative contractsCompensation and employee benefits(45)(45)(123)(112)
Total$160 $187 $346 $458 
The following table shows the carrying amount and associated cumulative basis adjustments related to the application of hedge accounting that is included in the carrying amount of hedged assets and liabilities in fair value hedging relationships:
June 30, 2021
Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Increasing (Decreasing) the carrying amount
(In millions)Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/LiabilitiesActive
De-designated(1)
Long-term debt$9,023 $(7)$595 
Available-for-sale securities3,756 18 33 
December 31, 2020
Cumulative Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Increasing (Decreasing) the carrying amount
(In millions)Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/LiabilitiesActive
De-designated(1)
Long-term debt$10,519 $3 $688 
Available-for-sale securities2,330 2 43 
(1) Represents hedged items no longer designated in qualifying fair value hedging relationships for which an associated basis adjustment exists at the balance sheet date.
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the total notional amount of the interest rate swaps of fair value hedges was $7.55 billion and $2.60 billion, respectively.
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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following tables present the impact of our use of derivative financial instruments on our consolidated statement of income for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2021202020212020
(In millions)Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative in Consolidated Statement of IncomeAmount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income		Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedging RelationshipLocation of Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item in Consolidated Statement of IncomeAmount of Gain
(Loss) on Hedged
Item Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:
Interest rate contractsNet interest income$(23)$3 
Available-for-sale securities(1)
Net interest income$21 $(4)
Interest rate contractsNet interest income(7)36 Long-term debtNet interest income7 (39)
Total$(30)$39 $28 $(43)
Six Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2021202020212020
(In millions)Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative in Consolidated Statement of IncomeAmount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income		Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedging RelationshipLocation of Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item in Consolidated Statement of IncomeAmount of Gain
(Loss) on Hedged
Item Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:
Interest rate contractsNet interest income$(6)$(8)
Available-for-sale securities(2)
Net interest income$5 $6 
Interest rate contractsNet interest income(19)583 Long-term debtNet interest income18 (574)
Total$(25)$575 $23 $(568)
 
Location of Gain (Loss) on
Derivative in Consolidated
Statement of Income
 
Amount of Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized
in Consolidated Statement of Income
   Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)  2017 2016 2017 2016
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:        
Foreign exchange contractsTrading services revenue $152
 $161
 $485
 $477
Interest-rate contractsProcessing fees and other revenue —
 —
 —
 1
Foreign exchange contractsProcessing fees and other revenue (9) (3) (11) (13)
Interest-rate contractsTrading services revenue (2) (1) 7
 (6)
Credit derivative contractsTrading services revenue —
 —
 —
 (1)
Other derivative contractsTrading services revenue —
 1
 —
 (2)
Other derivative contractsCompensation and employee benefits (25) 41
 (120) 168
Total  $116
 $199
 $361
 $624
 Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative in Consolidated Statement of Income 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income
 Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedging Relationship Location of Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item in Consolidated Statement of Income 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Hedged
Item Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income
   Three Months Ended September 30,     Three Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)  2017 2016     2017 2016
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:          
Foreign exchange contractsProcessing fees and
other revenue		 $19
 $24
 Investment securities Processing fees and
other revenue		 $(19) $(24)
Foreign exchange contractsProcessing fees and other revenue 200
 1
 FX deposit Processing fees and other revenue (200) (1)
Interest-rate contracts
Processing fees and
other revenue
 9
 22
 Available-for-sale securities 
Processing fees and
other revenue(1)
 (9) (22)
Interest-rate contractsProcessing fees and
other revenue		 (8) (79) Long-term debt Processing fees and
other revenue		 5
 78
Total  $220
 $(32)     $(223) $31
              
 Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative in Consolidated Statement of Income Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income		 Hedged Item in Fair Value Hedging Relationship Location of Gain (Loss) on Hedged Item in Consolidated Statement of Income Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Hedged
Item Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income
   Nine Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,
   2017 2016     2017 2016
Derivatives designated as fair value hedges:          
Foreign exchange contractsProcessing fees and
other revenue		 $21
 $43
 Investment securities Processing fees and
other revenue		 $(21) $(43)
Foreign exchange contractsProcessing fees and other revenue 1,282
 247
 FX deposit Processing fees and other revenue (1,282) (247)
Interest-rate contractsProcessing fees and
other revenue		 23
 (15) Available-for-sale securities 
Processing fees and
other revenue(2)
 (21) 15
Interest-rate contractsProcessing fees and
other revenue		 37
 297
 Long-term debt Processing fees and
other revenue		 (39) (282)
Total  $1,363
 $572
     $(1,363) $(557)
(1) In the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, $42021, approximately $16 million and $13 million, respectively, of net unrealized (losses) gainslosses on AFS investment securities designated in fair value hedges werewas recognized in OCI.
(2) In the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, $13OCI compared to $3 million and $(9) million, respectively, of net unrealized (losses) gains in the same period in 2020.
(2) In the six months ended June 30, 2021, approximately $4 million of net unrealized losses on AFS investment securities designated in fair value hedges werewas recognized in OCI.OCI compared to $4 million of net unrealized losses in the same period in 2020.

Three Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020Location of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income20212020
(In millions)Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on DerivativeAmount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts(1)
$10 $21 Net interest income$22 $14 
Foreign exchange contracts7 9 Net interest income3 7 
Total derivatives designated as cash flow hedges$17 $30 $25 $21 
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts$(24)$(86)Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net$0 $0 
Total derivatives designated as net investment hedges(24)(86)0 0 
Total$(7)$(56)$25 $21 
Six Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2021202020212020
(In millions)Amount of Gain or (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income on DerivativeLocation of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into IncomeAmount of Gain or (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
Interest rate contracts$(6)179Net interest income$40 $14 
Foreign exchange contracts43 19Net interest income6 14 
Total derivatives designated as cash flow hedges$37 $198 $46 $28 
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:
Foreign exchange contracts$111 $22 Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net$0 $0 
Total derivatives designated as net investment hedges111 22 0 0 
Total$148 $220 $46 $28 

(1) As of June 30, 2021, the maximum maturity date of the underlying hedged items is approximately 4.8 years.
State Street Corporation | 8276


Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Derivatives Netting and Credit Contingencies
Differences betweenNetting
Derivatives receivable and payable as well as cash collateral from the gains (losses)same counterparty are netted in the consolidated statement of condition for those counterparties with whom we have legally binding master netting agreements in place. In addition to cash collateral received and transferred presented on a net basis, we also receive and transfer collateral in the form of securities, which mitigate credit risk but are not eligible for netting. Additional information on netting is provided in Note 8.
Credit Contingencies
Certain of our derivatives are subject to master netting agreements with our derivative counterparties containing credit risk-related contingent features, which requires us to maintain an investment grade credit rating with the various credit rating agencies. If our rating falls below investment grade, we would be in violation of the provisions, and counterparties to the gains (losses)derivatives could request immediate payment or demand full overnight collateralization on derivatives instruments in net liability positions. The aggregate fair value of all derivatives with credit contingent features and in a liability position as of June 30, 2021 totaled approximately $5.23 billion, against which we provided $3.82 billion of collateral in the hedged item, excluding any amounts recorded in NII, represent hedge ineffectiveness.normal course of business. If our credit related contingent features underlying these agreements were triggered as of June 30, 2021, the maximum additional collateral we would be required to post to our counterparties is approximately $1.41 billion.

 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive
Income
 Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from OCI to Consolidated Statement of Income 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from OCI to
Consolidated
Statement of Income
 Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Income 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income
 Three Months Ended September 30,   Three Months Ended September 30,   Three Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)2017 2016   2017 2016   2017 2016
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:               
Interest-rate contracts$(1) $—
 Net interest income $—
 $—
 Net interest income $—
 $—
Foreign exchange contracts(1) (65) Net interest income —
 —
 Net interest income 5
 6
Total$(2) $(65)   $—
 $—
   $5
 $6
                
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:               
Foreign exchange contracts$(47) $4
 Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net $—
 $—
 Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net $—
 $—
Total$(47) $4
   $—
 $—
   $—
 $—
                
 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in Other
Comprehensive
Income
 Location of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from OCI to Consolidated Statement of Income 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) Reclassified
from OCI to
Consolidated
Statement of Income
 Location of Gain (Loss) on Derivative Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Income 
Amount of Gain
(Loss) on Derivative
Recognized in
Consolidated
Statement of Income
 Nine Months Ended September 30,


Nine Months Ended September 30,


Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)2017
2016


2017
2016


2017
2016
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:               
Interest-rate contracts$(2) $—
 Net interest income $—
 $—
 Net interest income $—
 $—
Foreign exchange contracts(93) (293) Net interest income —
 —
 Net interest income 18
 17
Total$(95) $(293)   $—
 $—
   $18
 $17
                
Derivatives designated as net investment hedges:               
Foreign exchange contracts$(148) $55
 Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net $—
 $—
 Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net $—
 $—
Total$(148) $55
   $—
 $—
   $—
 $—

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 8. Offsetting Arrangements
 We manage credit and counterparty risk by entering into enforceable netting agreements and other collateral arrangements with counterparties to derivative contracts and secured financing transactions, including resale and repurchase agreements, and principal securities borrowing and lending agreements. These netting agreements mitigate our counterparty credit risk by providing for a single net settlement with a counterparty of all financial transactions covered by the agreement in an event of default as defined under such agreement. In limited cases, a netting agreement may also provide for the periodic netting of settlement payments with respect to multiple different transaction types in the
normal course of business. For additional information on our offsetting arrangements, refer to pages 166 to 170page 163 in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, the fair value of securities received as collateral from third parties where we are permitted to transfer or re-pledge the securities totaled $2.96$3.02 billion and $1.77$6.48 billion, respectively, and the fair value of the portion that had been transferred or re-pledged as of the same dates was $41.2 million0 and $166 million, respectively.
$3.88 billion, respectively.
The following tables present information about the offsetting of assets related to derivative contracts and secured financing transactions, as of the dates indicated:
Assets:June 30, 2021
Gross Amounts of Recognized
Assets(1)(2)
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
Net Amounts of Assets Presented in Statement of ConditionGross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
(In millions)
Cash and Securities Received(4)
Net Amount(5)
Derivatives:
Foreign exchange contracts$17,362 $(8,257)$9,105 $— $9,105 
Interest rate contracts(6)
1 (1)0 — 0 
Cash collateral and securities nettingNA(1,257)(1,257)(1,103)(2,360)
Total derivatives17,363 (9,515)7,848 (1,103)6,745 
Other financial instruments:
Resale agreements and securities borrowing(7)(8)
82,305 (53,618)28,687 (28,687)0 
Total derivatives and other financial instruments$99,668 $(63,133)$36,535 $(29,790)$6,745 
State Street Corporation | 77

STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Assets: September 30, 2017
        Gross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
(In millions) 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets(1)(2)
 
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
 Net Amounts of Assets Presented in Statement of Condition 
Cash and Securities Received(4)
 
Net Amount(5)
Derivatives:      
Foreign exchange contracts $11,737
 $(6,389) $5,348
   $5,348
Interest-rate contracts 3
 (2) 1
   1
Cash collateral and securities netting NA
 (637) (637) $(106) (743)
Total derivatives 11,740
 (7,028) 4,712
 (106) 4,606
Other financial instruments:      
Resale agreements and securities borrowing(6)
 63,821
 (36,728) 27,093
 (27,093) —
Total derivatives and other financial instruments $75,561
 $(43,756) $31,805
 $(27,199) $4,606
Assets: December 31, 2016Assets:December 31, 2020
       Gross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
Gross Amounts of Recognized
Assets(1)(2)
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
Net Amounts of Assets Presented in Statement of ConditionGross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
(In millions) 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets(1)(2)
 
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
 Net Amounts of Assets Presented in Statement of Condition 
Cash and Securities Received(4)
 
Net Amount(5)
(In millions)
Cash and Securities Received(4)
Net Amount(5)
Derivatives:          Derivatives:
Foreign exchange contracts $16,484
 $(8,257) $8,227
   $8,227
Foreign exchange contracts$25,943 $(14,271)$11,672 $— $11,672 
Interest-rate contracts 68
 (68) —
   —
Interest rate contracts(6)
Interest rate contracts(6)
1 0 1 — 1 
Cash collateral and securities netting NA
 (906) (906) $(247) (1,153)Cash collateral and securities nettingNA(5,869)(5,869)(1,105)(6,974)
Total derivatives 16,552
 (9,231) 7,321
 (247) 7,074
Total derivatives25,944 (20,140)5,804 (1,105)4,699 
Other financial instruments:          Other financial instruments:
Resale agreements and securities borrowing(6)
 58,677
 (35,517) 23,160
 (22,939) 221
Resale agreements and securities borrowing(7)(8)
Resale agreements and securities borrowing(7)(8)
174,461 (153,025)21,436 (20,568)868 
Total derivatives and other financial instruments $75,229
 $(44,748) $30,481
 $(23,186) $7,295
Total derivatives and other financial instruments$200,405 $(173,165)$27,240 $(21,673)$5,567 
(1) Amounts include all transactions regardless of whether or not they are subject to an enforceable netting arrangement.
(2) Derivative amounts are carried at fair valueRefer to Note 1 and securities financing amounts are carried at amortized cost, exceptNote 2 for securities collateral which is also carried at fair value. For additional information about the measurement basis of these instruments, refer to pages 131 to 142 in Notes 1 and 2 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2016 Form 10-K.derivative instruments.
(3) Amounts subject to netting arrangements which have been determined to be legally enforceable and eligible for netting in the consolidated statement of condition.
(4) Includes securities in connection with our securities borrowing transactions.
(5) Includes amounts secured by collateral not determined to be subject to enforceable netting arrangements.
(6) Variation margin payments presented as settlements rather than collateral.
(7) Included in the $27,093 million$28.69 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 were $3,465 million$4.00 billion of resale agreements and $23,628 million$24.69 billion of collateral provided related to securities borrowing. Included in the $23,160 million$21.44 billion as of December 31, 20162020 were $1,956 million$3.11 billion of resale agreements and $21,204 million$18.33 billion of collateral provided related to securities borrowing. Resale agreements and collateral provided related to securities borrowing were recorded in securities purchased under resale agreements and other assets, respectively, in our consolidated statement of condition. AdditionalRefer to Note 9 for additional information aboutwith respect to principal securities finance transactions.
(8) Offsetting of resale agreements primarily relates to our involvement in FICC, where we settle transactions is provided in Note 9 toon a net basis for payment and delivery through the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.Fedwire system.
NA Not applicable

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Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The following tables present information about the offsetting of liabilities related to derivative contracts and secured financing transactions, as of the dates indicated:
Liabilities:June 30, 2021
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities(1)(2)
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in Statement of ConditionGross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
(In millions)
Cash and Securities Received(4)
Net Amount(5)
Derivatives:
Foreign exchange contracts$17,141 $(8,257)$8,884 $— $8,884 
Interest rate contracts(6)
31 (1)30 — 30 
Other derivative contracts183 0 183 — 183 
Cash collateral and securities nettingNA(3,869)(3,869)(1,250)(5,119)
Total derivatives17,355 (12,127)5,228 (1,250)3,978 
Other financial instruments:
Repurchase agreements and securities lending(7)(8)
61,347 (53,618)7,729 (7,100)629 
Total derivatives and other financial instruments$78,702 $(65,745)$12,957 $(8,350)$4,607 
State Street Corporation | 78

STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Liabilities: September 30, 2017
        Gross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
(In millions) 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities(1)(2)
 
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
 Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in Statement of Condition 
Cash and Securities Provided(4)
 
Net Amount(5)
Derivatives:      
Foreign exchange contracts $11,583
 $(6,390) $5,193
   $5,193
Interest-rate contracts(6)
 107
 (1) 106
   106
Other derivative contracts 319
 —
 319
   319
Cash collateral and securities netting NA
 (1,074) (1,074) $(262) (1,336)
Total derivatives 12,009
 (7,465) 4,544
 (262) 4,282
Other financial instruments:     

Repurchase agreements and securities lending(7)
 45,864
 (36,728) 9,136
 (6,564) 2,572
Total derivatives and other financial instruments $57,873
 $(44,193) $13,680
 $(6,826) $6,854
Liabilities: December 31, 2016
        Gross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
(In millions) 
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities(1)(2)
 
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
 Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in Statement of Condition 
Cash and Securities Provided(4)
 
Net Amount(5)
Derivatives:          
Foreign exchange contracts $15,956
 $(8,253) $7,703
   $7,703
Interest-rate contracts 348
 (73) 275
   275
Other derivative contracts 380
 —
 380
   380
Cash collateral and securities netting NA
 (2,356) (2,356) $(180) (2,536)
Total derivatives 16,684
 (10,682) 6,002
 (180) 5,822
Other financial instruments:          
Resale agreements and securities lending(7)
 44,933
 (35,517) 9,416
 (7,059) 2,357
Total derivatives and other financial instruments $61,617
 $(46,199) $15,418
 $(7,239) $8,179
Liabilities:December 31, 2020
Gross Amounts of Recognized Liabilities(1)(2)
Gross Amounts Offset in Statement of Condition(3)
Net Amounts of Liabilities Presented in Statement of ConditionGross Amounts Not Offset in Statement of Condition
(In millions)
Cash and Securities Received(4)
Net Amount(5)
Derivatives:
Foreign exchange contracts$25,927 $(14,271)$11,656 $— $11,656 
Interest rate contracts(6)
42 0 42 — 42 
Other derivative contracts157 0 157 — 157 
Cash collateral and securities nettingNA(1,287)(1,287)(1,732)(3,019)
Total derivatives26,126 (15,558)10,568 (1,732)8,836 
Other financial instruments:
Repurchase agreements and securities lending(7)(8)
165,793 (153,025)12,768 (12,448)320 
Total derivatives and other financial instruments$191,919 $(168,583)$23,336 $(14,180)$9,156 
(1) Amounts include all transactions regardless of whether or not they are subject to an enforceable netting arrangement.
(2) Derivative amounts are carried at fair valueRefer to Note 1 and securities financing amounts are carried at amortized cost, exceptNote 2 for securities collateral which is also carried at fair value. For additional information about the measurement basis of these instruments, refer to pages 131 to 142 in Notes 1 and 2 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2016 Form 10-K.derivative instruments.
(3) Amounts subject to netting arrangements which have been determined to be legally enforceable and eligible for netting in the consolidated statement of condition.
(4) Includes securities provided in connection with our securities lending transactions.
(5) Includes amounts secured by collateral not determined to be subject to enforceable netting arrangements.
(6) Variation margin payments presented as settlements rather than collateral.
(7) Included in the $9,136 million$7.73 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 were $3,867 million$0.66 billion of repurchase agreements and $5,269 million$7.07 billion of collateral received related to securities lending.lending transactions. Included in the $9,416 million$12.77 billion as of December 31, 20162020 were $4,400 million$3.41 billion of repurchase agreements and $5,016 million$9.36 billion of collateral received related to securities lending.lending transactions. Repurchase agreements and collateral received related to securities lending were recorded in securities sold under repurchase agreements and accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, in our consolidated statement of condition. AdditionalRefer to Note 9 for additional information aboutwith respect to principal securities finance transactions.
(8) Offsetting of repurchase agreements primarily relates to our involvement in FICC, where we settle transactions is provided in Note 9 toon a net basis for payment and delivery through the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.Fedwire system.
NANot applicable





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Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

The securities transferred under resale and repurchase agreements typically are U.S. Treasury, agency and agency MBS. In our principal securities borrowing and lending arrangements, the securities transferred are predominantly equity securities and some corporate debt securities. The fair value of the securities transferred may increase in value to an amount greater than the amount received under our repurchase and securities lending arrangements, which exposes the Company withus to counterparty risk. We require the review of the price of the underlying
securities in relation to the carrying value of the repurchase agreements and securities lending arrangements on a daily basis and when appropriate, adjust the cash or security to be obtained or returned to counterparties that is reflective of the required collateral levels.
The following tables summarizetable summarizes our repurchase agreements and securities lending transactions by category of collateral pledged and remaining maturity of these agreements as of the periods indicated:
As of June 30, 2021As of December 31, 2020
(In millions)Overnight and ContinuousUp to 30 DaysGreater than 90 DaysTotalOvernight and ContinuousUp to 30 DaysGreater than 90 DaysTotal
Repurchase agreements:
U.S. Treasury and agency securities$50,251 $0 $0 $50,251 $152,140 $0 $0 $152,140 
Total50,251 0 0 50,251 152,140 0 0 152,140 
Securities lending transactions:
US Treasury and agency securities4 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 
Corporate debt securities90 0 0 90 110 0 0 110 
Equity securities8,935 57 2,010 11,002 7,578 56 1,156 8,790 
Other(1)
0 0 0 0 4,753 0 0 4,753 
Total9,029 57 2,010 11,096 12,441 56 1,156 13,653 
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements and securities lending$59,280 $57 $2,010 $61,347 $164,581 $56 $1,156 $165,793 
  Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
  As of September 30, 2017
(In millions) Overnight and Continuous Up to 30 days 30 – 90 days Total
Repurchase agreements:        
U.S. Treasury and agency securities $35,009
 
 
 $35,009
Total 35,009
 —
 —
 35,009
Securities lending transactions:        
Corporate debt securities 103
 
 
 103
Equity securities 10,433
 
 297
 10,730
Non-U.S. sovereign debt 22
 
 
 22
Total 10,558
 —
 297
 10,855
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements and securities lending $45,567
 $—
 $297
 $45,864
(1) Represents a security interest in underlying client assets related to our enhanced custody business, which assets clients have allowed us to transfer and re-pledge.
  Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
  As of December 31, 2016
(In millions) Overnight and Continuous Up to 30 days 30 – 90 days Total
Repurchase agreements:        
U.S. Treasury and agency securities $35,509
 $—
 $—
 $35,509
Total 35,509
 —
 —
 35,509
Securities lending transactions:        
Corporate debt securities 53
 —
 —
 53
Equity securities 8,337
 —
 1,034
 9,371
Total 8,390
 —
 1,034
 9,424
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements and securities lending $43,899
 $—
 $1,034
 $44,933


State Street Corporation | 8679


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STATE STREET CORPORATION
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Note 9.    Commitments and Guarantees
For additional information abouton the nature of the obligations and related business activities for our commitments and guarantees, refer to pages 171 to 172page 166 in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
The following table presents the aggregate gross contractual amounts of our off-balance sheet commitments and off-balance sheet guarantees as of the dates indicated.indicated:
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commitments:   Commitments:
Unfunded credit facilities$27,008
 $26,993
Unfunded credit facilities$34,969 $34,213 
   
Guarantees(1):
   
Guarantees(1):
Indemnified securities financing$379,459
 $360,452
Indemnified securities financing$421,862 $440,875 
Stable value protection25,351
 27,182
Standby letters of credit3,255
 3,459
Standby letters of credit3,466 3,330 
(1) The potential losses associated with these guarantees equal the gross contractual amounts and do not consider the value of any collateral or reflect any participations to independent third parties.
Unfunded Credit Facilities
Unfunded credit facilities consist of liquidity facilities for our fund and municipal lending clients and undrawn lines of credit related to senior secured bank loans.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, approximately 73%71% of our unfunded commitments to extend credit expire within one year. Since manyyear, compared to approximately 73% as of these commitments are expected to expire or renew without being drawn upon, the gross contractual amounts do not necessarily represent our future cash requirements.December 31, 2020.
Indemnified Securities Financing
On behalf ofFor additional information on our clients, we lend theirindemnified securities as agent,financing, refer to brokerspage 166 in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and other institutions. In most circumstances, we indemnifySupplementary Data, in our clients for the fair market value of those securities against a failure of the borrower to return such securities.2020 Form 10-K.
The following table summarizes the aggregate fair values of indemnified securities financing and related collateral, as well as collateral invested in indemnified repurchase agreements, as of the dates indicated:
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016(In millions)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Fair value of indemnified securities financing$379,459
 $360,452
Fair value of indemnified securities financing$421,862 $440,875 
Fair value of cash and securities held by us, as agent, as collateral for indemnified securities financing396,123
 377,919
Fair value of cash and securities held by us, as agent, as collateral for indemnified securities financing442,438 463,273 
Fair value of collateral for indemnified securities financing invested in indemnified repurchase agreements68,243
 60,003
Fair value of collateral for indemnified securities financing invested in indemnified repurchase agreements66,692 54,432 
Fair value of cash and securities held by us or our agents as collateral for investments in indemnified repurchase agreements73,157
 63,959
Fair value of cash and securities held by us or our agents as collateral for investments in indemnified repurchase agreements71,901 58,092 
In certain cases, we participate in securities finance transactions as a principal. As a principal, we borrow securities from the lending client and then lend such securities to the subsequent borrower, either a State Streetour client or a broker/dealer. Our right to receive and obligation to return collateral in connection with our securities lending transactions are recorded in other assets and accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, in our consolidated statement of condition. As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, we had approximately $23.63$24.69 billion and $21.20$18.33 billion, respectively, of collateral provided and approximately $5.27$7.07 billion and $5.02$9.36 billion, respectively, of collateral received from clients in connection with our participation in principal securities finance transactions.
Stable Value ProtectionFICC Guarantee
InAs a sponsoring member in the normal course of our business,FICC member program, we offer products that provide book-value protection, primarilya guarantee to plan participants in stable value funds managed by non-affiliated investment managers of post-retirement defined contribution benefit plans, particularly 401(k) plans. The book-value protection is provided on portfolios of intermediate investment grade fixed-income securities, and is intended to provide safety and stable growth of principal invested. The protection is intended to cover any shortfallFICC in the event that a significant number of plan participants withdraw funds when book value exceeds market valuecustomer fails to perform its obligations under a transaction. In order to minimize the risk associated with this guarantee, sponsored members acting as buyers generally grant a security interest in the subject securities received under and held on their behalf by State Street. For additional information on our repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements, please refer to Note 8 to the liquidation of the assets is not sufficient to redeem the participants. The investment parameters of the underlying portfolios, combined with structural protections, are designed to provide cushion and guard against payments even under extreme stress scenarios.
consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q.

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These contingencies are individually accounted for as derivative financial instruments. The notional amounts of the stable value contracts are presented as “derivatives not designated as hedging instruments” in the table of aggregate notional amounts of derivative financial instruments provided in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q. We have not made a payment under these contingencies that we consider material to our consolidated financial condition, and management believes that the probability of payment under these contingencies in the future, that we would consider material to our consolidated financial condition, is remote.
Standby Letters of Credit
Standby letters of credit provide credit enhancement to our municipal clients to support the issuance of capital markets financing.
Note 10.    Contingencies
Legal and Regulatory Matters
In the ordinary course of business, we and our subsidiaries are involved in disputes, litigation, and governmental or regulatory inquiries and investigations, both pending and threatened. These matters, if resolved adversely against us or settled, may result in monetary damages,awards or payments, fines and penalties or require changes in our business practices. The resolution or settlement of these matters is inherently difficult to predict. Based on our assessment of these pending matters, we do not believe that the amount of any judgment, settlement or other action arising from any pending matter is likely to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition. However, an adverse outcome or development in certain of the matters described below could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations for the period in which such matter is resolved, or an accrual is determined to be required, on our consolidated financial condition, or on our reputation.
We evaluate our needs for accruals of loss contingencies related to legal and regulatory proceedings on a case-by-case basis. When we have a liability that we deem probable, and we deem the amount of such liability can be reasonably estimated as of the date of our consolidated financial statements, we accrue for our estimate of the amount of loss. We also consider a loss probable and establish an accrual when we make, or intend to make, an offer of settlement. Once established, an accrual is subject to subsequent adjustment as a result of additional information. The resolution of legal and regulatory proceedings and the amount of reasonably estimable loss (or range thereof) are
inherently difficult to predict, especially in the early stages of proceedings. Even if a loss is probable, an amount (or range) of loss might not be reasonably estimated until the later stages of the proceeding due to many factors (collectively, "factors influencing reasonable estimates"), such as the presence of complex or novel legal theories, the discretion of governmental authorities in seeking sanctions or negotiating resolutions in civil and criminal matters, the pace and timing of discovery and other assessments of facts and the procedural posture of the matter.matter (collectively, "factors influencing reasonable estimates").
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, our aggregate accruals for loss contingencies for legal, regulatory and regulatoryrelated matters totaled approximately $15 million.$21 million, including potential fines by government agencies and civil litigation with respect to the matters specifically discussed below. To the extent that we have established accruals in our consolidated statement of condition for probable loss contingencies, such
accruals may not be sufficient to cover our ultimate financial exposure associated with any settlements or judgments. Any such ultimate financial exposure, or proceedings to which we may become subject in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our businesses, on our future consolidated financial statements or on our reputation. Except where otherwise noted below,
As of June 30, 2021, for those matters for which we have not established accruals with respect toaccrued probable loss contingencies (including the claims discussedInvoicing Matter described below) and do not believe that potential exposure is probable and can be reasonably estimated.
We have identified certainfor other matters for which loss is reasonably possible (but not probable) in future periods, whether in excess of an accrued liability or where there is no accrued liability, and for which we are able to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss. As of September 30, 2017,loss, our estimate of the range ofaggregate reasonably possible loss for these matters is from zero(in excess of any accrued amounts) ranges up to approximately $15 million in the aggregate.$40 million. Our estimate with respect to the aggregate range of reasonably possible loss is based upon currently available information and is subject to significant judgment and a variety of assumptions and known and unknown uncertainties. Theuncertainties, which may change quickly and significantly from time to time, particularly if and as we engage with applicable governmental agencies or plaintiffs in connection with a proceeding. Also, the matters underlying the estimated rangereasonably possible loss will change from time to time, andtime. As a result, actual results may vary significantly from the current estimate.
In certain other pending matters, , including the Invoicing Matter, Federal Reserve/Massachusetts Division of Banks Written Agreement and Shareholder Litigation discussed below, it is not currently feasible to reasonably estimate the amount or a range of reasonably possible loss, (including reasonably possible loss in excess of amounts accrued), and such losses, which may be significant, are not included in the estimate of reasonably possible loss discussed above. This is due to,

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among other factors, one or more considerations consistent with the factors influencing reasonable estimates described in the above discussion of probable loss accruals. These considerations are particularly prevalent in governmental and regulatory inquiries and investigations and, as a result, reasonably possible loss estimates often are not feasible until the later stages of the inquiry or investigation or of any related legal or regulatory proceeding.above. An adverse outcome in one or more of the matters for which we dohave not estimateestimated the amount or a range of reasonably possible loss, individually or in theaggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our businesses, on our future consolidated financial statements or on our reputation. Given that our actual losses from any legal or regulatory proceeding for which we have provided an estimate of the reasonably possible loss could significantly exceed such estimate, and given that we cannot estimate reasonably possible loss for all legal and regulatory proceedings as to which we may be subject now or in the future, including matters that if adversely concluded may present material financial, regulatory and reputational risks, no conclusion as to theour ultimate exposure from current pending or potential legal or regulatory proceedings should be drawn from the current estimate of reasonably possible loss.
The following discussion provides information with respect to significant legal, governmental and regulatory matters.
Transition Management
In January 2014, we entered into a settlement with the FCA, pursuant to which we paid a fine of £22.9 million (approximately $37.8 million), as a result of our having charged six clients of our U.K. transition management business during 2010 and 2011 amounts in excess of the contractual terms. The SEC and the DOJ opened separate investigations into this matter. The U.S. Attorney’s office in Boston has charged three former employees in our transition management business with criminal fraud in connection with their alleged role in this matter. Two of these individuals have pled guilty to one count of criminal conspiracy. Charges remain pending against the third individual. The SEC has also commenced a parallel civil enforcement proceeding against that individual.
On January 18, 2017, we announced that we had entered into a settlement agreement with the DOJ and the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts to resolve their investigation. Under the terms of the agreement, we, among other things, paid a fine of $32.3 million and entered into a deferred prosecution agreement. Under the deferred prosecution agreement, we agreed to retain an independent compliance and ethics monitor for a term of three years (subject to extension) which will, among other things, review and monitor the
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effectiveness of our compliance controls and business ethics and make related recommendations.
In September 2017, we entered into a settlement with the SEC and paid a penalty of $32.3 million (equal to the fine paid to the DOJ). The SEC settlement also required us to retain an independent ethics and compliance consultant. The monitor appointed in connection with the previously announced DOJ settlement will fulfill that role.
Federal Reserve/Massachusetts Division of Banks Written Agreement
On June 1, 2015, we entered into a written agreement with the Federal Reserve and the Massachusetts Division of Banks relating to deficiencies identified in our compliance programs with the requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act, AML regulations and U.S. economic sanctions regulations promulgated by OFAC. As part of this enforcement action, we are required to, among other things, implement improvements to our compliance programs and to retain an independent firm to conduct a review of account and transaction activity covering a prior three-month period to evaluate whether any suspicious activity not previously reported should have been identified and reported in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements. To the extent deficiencies in our historical reporting are identified as a result of the transaction review or if we fail to comply with the terms of the written agreement, we may become subject to fines and other regulatory sanctions, which may have a material adverse effect on us.
Invoicing Matter
In December 2015, we announced a review of the manner in which we invoiced certain expenses to some of our Investment Servicing clients, primarily in the United States, during an 18-year period going back to 1998, and our determinationdetermined that we had incorrectly invoiced clients for certain expenses. We informedhave reimbursed most of our clientsaffected customers for those expenses, and we have implemented enhancements to our billing processes. In connection with our enhancements to our billing processes, we continue to review historical billing practices and may from time to time identify additional remediation. In 2017, we identified an additional area of incorrect expense billing associated with mailing services in December 2015 that we will pay to them the amounts we concluded were incorrectly invoiced to them, plus interest.our retirement services business. We currently expect the cumulative total of our payments to customers for these invoicing errors, including the error in the retirement services business, to be at least $340$366 million, (including interest), in connection withall of which has been paid or is accrued. However, we may identify additional remediation costs.
In March 2017, a purported class action was commenced against us alleging that review, whichour invoicing practices violated duties owed to retirement plan customers under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act. We have agreed, subject to court approval, to resolve this matter and pay a cost that is ongoing. We are implementing enhancements towithin our billing processes, andestablished accruals for loss contingencies. In addition, we are reviewing the conduct of our employees and have taken appropriate steps to address conduct inconsistent with our standards, including, in some cases, termination of employment. We are also evaluating other billing practices relating to our Investment Servicing clients, including calculation of asset-based fees.
We have received a purported class action

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demand letter alleging that our invoicing practices were unfair and deceptive under Massachusetts law. A class of customers, or particular customers, may assert that we have not paid to them all amounts incorrectly invoiced, and may seek double or treble damages under Massachusetts law. In addition, in March 2017, a purported class action was commenced against us alleging that our invoicing practices violated duties owed to retirement plan customers under ERISA.
We are also respondinghave agreed with the office of the United States Attorney for the District of Massachusetts to requests for informationresolve potential criminal claims arising from and are cooperating with investigations by, governmental and regulatory authorities on these matters includingby entering into a deferred prosecution agreement and paying a $115 million penalty in May 2021. In June 2019, we reached an agreement with the civil and criminal divisionsSEC to settle its claims that we violated the recordkeeping provisions of Section 34(b) of the DOJ,Investment Company Act of 1940 and caused violations of Section 31(a) of the SEC,Investment Company Act and Rules 31a-1(a) and 31a-1(b) thereunder in connection with our overcharges of customers which are registered investment companies. In reaching this settlement, we neither admitted nor denied the DOL,claims contained in the SEC’s order, and agreed to pay a civil monetary penalty of $40 million. Also in June 2019, we reached an agreement with the Massachusetts Attorney General,General’s office to resolve its claims related to this matter. In reaching this settlement, we neither admitted nor denied the claims in the order, and agreed to pay a civil monetary penalty of $5.5 million. The SEC and Massachusetts Attorney General’s office settlements both recognize that the New Hampshire Bureaupayment of Securities Regulation, which could result$48.8 million in significantdisgorgement and interest is satisfied
by our direct reimbursements of our customers. We paid fines or other sanctions, civil and criminal, against us. If these governmental or regulatory authorities were to conclude that all or a portionresolve claims of the billing error merited civil or criminal sanctions, any fine or other penalty could be a significant percentage or a multipleSecurities Divisions of the portionSecretaries of the overcharging serving asState of Massachusetts and New Hampshire. The costs associated with the basissettlements discussed above were within our related previously established accruals for loss contingencies.
We have not resolved certain claims that may be made by the U.S. Department of Labor. We do not know whether any such a claimclaims will be brought, and there can be no assurance that any settlement of any such claims will be reached on financial terms acceptable to us or of the fullat all. The aggregate amount of the overcharging. The governmental and regulatory authorities have significant discretion in civil and criminal matters as to the fines and other penalties they seek to impose. The severity of such fines or other penalties could take into account factors such as the amount and duration of our incorrect invoicing, the government’s or regulator's assessment of the conduct of our employees, as well as prior conduct such as that which resulted in our January 2017 deferred prosecution agreementmay potentially be imposed upon us in connection with transition management services and our recent settlement of civil claims regarding our indirect foreign exchange business.
Any governmental or regulatory proceeding or sanction or the outcomeresolution of any litigation could have a material adverse effect on our reputation or business, including the imposition of restrictions on the operation of our business or a reduction in client demand. Resolution of these matters could also have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations for the period or periods in which such matters are resolved or an accrual is determined to be required. No accrual, other than a reserve for client reimbursement, is reflected on our consolidated statement of condition as of September 30, 2017.not currently known.
Shareholder Litigation
A State Street shareholder has filed a purported class action complaint against the Company alleging that the Company’s financial statements in its annual reports for the 2011-14 period were misleading due to
the inclusion of revenues associated with the Transition Management and Invoicing matters. In addition, a State Street shareholderours has filed a derivative complaint against certain of the Company'sCompany’s past and present officers and directors to recover alleged losses incurred by the Company relating to the Invoicing Matterinvoicing matter and to our January 2016 settlement with the SEC concerning Ohio public retirement plans.  plans matter. We have agreed, subject to court approval, to resolve this claim by agreeing to take, or to continue to take, specified steps to improve our ongoing governance and compliance policies, and to pay a fee to plaintiff's counsel. The costs that we expect to incur in connection with the resolution of this matter are within our established accruals for loss contingencies.
Gomes, et al. v. State Street Corp.
Eight participants in our Salary Savings Program filed a purported class action complaint in May 2021 on behalf of participants and beneficiaries who participated in the Program and invested in our proprietary investment fund options between May 2015 and the present. The complaint names the Plan Sponsor as well as the committees overseeing the Plan and their respective members as defendants, and alleges breach of fiduciary duty and violations of other duties owed to retirement plan participants under the Employee Retirement Income and Security Act. We and the other named defendants deny the alleged claims and are proceeding with a defense of the matter.
Income Taxes
In determining our provision for income taxes, we make certain judgments and interpretations with respect to tax laws in jurisdictions in which we have business operations. Because of the complex nature of these laws, in the normal course of our business, we are subject to challenges from U.S. and non-U.S. income tax authorities regarding the amount of income taxes due. These challenges may result in adjustments to the timing or amount of taxable income or deductions or the allocation of taxable
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income among tax jurisdictions. We recognize a tax benefit when it is more likely than not that our position will result in a tax deduction or credit. Unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $63$295 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 decreased from $71$308 million as of December 31, 2016.2020.
We are presently under audit by a number of tax authorities, and the Internal Revenue Service is currently reviewing our U.S. income tax returns, including amended returns, for the tax years 2014 and 2015.2014-2018. The earliest tax year open to examination in jurisdictions where we have material operations is 2010.2013. Management believes that we have sufficiently accrued liabilities as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 for potential tax exposures.

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Note 11.    Variable Interest Entities
For additional information on our VIEs,accounting policy and our use of variable interest entities (VIEs), refer to pages 174169 to 175170 in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, "Variable Interest Entities", in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
Tax-Exempt Investment Program
In the normal course of our business, we structure and sell certificated interests in pools of tax-exempt investment-gradeinvestment grade assets, principally to our mutual fund clients. We structure these pools as partnership trusts, and the assets and liabilities of the trusts are recorded in our consolidated statement of condition as AFS investment securities and other short-term borrowings. As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, we carried AFS investment securities, composed of securities related to state and political subdivisions, with a fair value of $1.29$0.69 billion and $1.35$0.70 billion, respectively, and other short-term
borrowings of $1.10$0.61 billion and $1.16$0.62 billion, respectively, in our consolidated statement of condition in connection with these trusts. The interest income and interest expense generated by the investments and certificated interests, respectively, are recorded as components of NII when earned or incurred.
The trusts had a weighted-average life of approximately 4.42.2 years as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, compared to approximately 4.52.7 years as of December 31, 2016.
Under separate legal agreements, we provide liquidity facilities to these trusts and, with respect to certain securities, letters of credit. As of September 30, 2017, our commitments to the trusts under these liquidity facilities and letters of credit totaled $1.12 billion and $351 million, respectively, and none of the liquidity facilities were utilized.2020.
Interests in Investment Funds
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, we had 0 consolidated funds. As of December 31, 2020, the averageaggregate assets and liabilities of our consolidated sponsored investment funds totaled $119.82$17 million and $19.44$4 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, we had no consolidated funds.
As of September 30, 2017,2020, our potential maximum total exposure associated with the consolidated sponsored investment funds totaled $100$13 million, and represented the value of our economic ownership interest in the funds.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, we managed certain funds, considered VIEs, in which we held a variable interest but for which we were not deemed to be the primary beneficiary. Our potential maximum loss exposure related to these unconsolidated funds totaled $79$17 million and $121
$22 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively, and represented the carrying value of our investments, which are recorded in either AFS investment securities or other assets in our consolidated statement of condition. The amount of loss we may recognize during any period is limited to the carrying amount of our investments in the unconsolidated funds.

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Note 12.    Shareholders' Equity
Preferred Stock
The following table summarizes selected terms of each of the series of the preferred stock issued and outstanding as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017:2021:
 Issuance Date Depositary Shares Issued Ownership Interest Per Depositary Share Liquidation Preference Per Share Liquidation Preference Per Depositary Share 
Net Proceeds of Offering
(In millions)
 
Redemption Date(1)
Preferred Stock(2):
            
Series CAugust 2012 20,000,000
 1/4,000th $100,000
 $25
 $488
 September 15, 2017
Series DFebruary 2014 30,000,000
 1/4,000th 100,000
 25
 742
 March 15, 2024
Series ENovember 2014 30,000,000
 1/4,000th 100,000
 25
 728
 December 15, 2019
Series FMay 2015 750,000
 1/100th 100,000
 1,000
 742
 September 15, 2020
Series GApril 2016 20,000,000
 1/4,000th 100,000
 25
 493
 March 15, 2026
Preferred Stock(1):
Issuance DateDepositary Shares IssuedAmount outstanding (in millions)Ownership Interest Per Depositary ShareLiquidation Preference Per ShareLiquidation Preference Per Depositary SharePer Annum Dividend RateDividend Payment FrequencyCarrying Value as of June 30, 2021
(In millions)
Redemption Date(2)
Series DFebruary 201430,000,000 750 1/4,000th100,000 25 5.90% to but excluding March 15, 2024, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 3.108%Quarterly$742 March 15, 2024
Series F(3)
May 2015250,000 250 1/100th100,000 1,000 5.25% to but excluding September 15, 2020, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 3.597%, or 3.71588% effective June 15, 2021Quarterly247 September 15, 2020
Series GApril 201620,000,000 500 1/4,000th100,000 25 5.35% to but excluding March 15, 2026, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 3.709%Quarterly493 March 15, 2026
Series HSeptember 2018500,000 500 1/100th100,000 1,000 5.625% to but excluding December 15, 2023, then a floating rate equal to the three-month LIBOR plus 2.539%Semi-annually494 December 15, 2023
(1) On the redemption date, or any dividend declaration date thereafter, the preferred stock and corresponding depositary shares may be redeemed by us, in whole or in part, at the liquidation price per share and liquidation price per depositary share plus any declared and unpaid dividends, without accumulation of any undeclared dividends.
(2) The preferred stock and corresponding depositary shares may be redeemed at our option in whole, but not in part, prior to the redemption date upon the occurrence of a regulatory capital treatment event, as defined in the certificate of designation, at a redemption price equal to the liquidation price per share and liquidation price per depositary share plus any declared and unpaid dividends, without accumulation of any undeclared dividends.
(2) On the redemption date, or any dividend payment date thereafter, the preferred stock and corresponding depositary shares may be redeemed by us, in whole or in part, at the liquidation price per share and liquidation price per depositary share plus any declared and unpaid dividends, without accumulation of any undeclared dividends.
(3) Series F preferred stock is redeemable on September 15, 2020 and on each succeeding dividend payment date. We did not elect redemption on September 15, 2020 or December 15, 2020.
On March 15, 2021, we redeemed an aggregate of $500 million, or 5,000 of the 7,500 outstanding shares of our non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series F, for cash at a redemption price of $100,000 per share (equivalent to $1,000 per depositary share) plus all declared and unpaid dividends.
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The following tables presenttable presents the dividends declared for each of the series of preferred stock issued and outstanding for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share 
Total
(In millions)(1)
 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share 
Total
(In millions)
Preferred Stock:           
Series C$1,313
 $0.33
 $6
 $1,313
 $0.33
 $6
Series D1,475
 0.37
 11
 1,475
 0.37
 11
Series E1,500
 0.38
 11
 1,500
 0.38
 11
Series F2,625
 26.25
 20
 2,625
 26.25
 20
Series G1,338
 0.33
 7
 1,338
 0.33
 7
Total    $55
     $55
            
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share 
Total
(In millions)
 Dividends Declared per Share Dividends Declared per Depositary Share 
Total
(In millions)
Preferred Stock:           
Series C$3,939
 $0.99
 $19
 $3,939
 $0.99
 $19
Series D4,425
 1.11
 33
 4,425
 1.11
 33
Series E4,500
 1.14
 33
 4,500
 1.14
 33
Series F5,250
 52.50
 40
 5,250
 52.50
 40
Series G4,014
 0.99
 21
 2,289
 0.57
 12
Total    $146
     $137
(1) Dividends were paid in September 2017.
Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)Dividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotalDividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotal
Preferred Stock:
Series D$1,475 $0.37 $11 $1,475 $0.37 $11 
Series F966 9.66 2 0 0 0 
Series G1,338 0.33 7 1,338 0.33 7 
Series H2,813 28.13 14 2,813 28.13 14 
Total$34 $32 
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)Dividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotalDividends Declared per ShareDividends Declared per Depositary ShareTotal
Preferred Stock:
Series C$0 $0 $0 $1,313 $0.33 $6 
Series D2,950 0.74 22 2,950 0.74 22 
Series F1,919 19.19 9 2,625 26.25 20 
Series G2,676 0.66 14 2,676 0.66 14 
Series H2,813 28.13 14 2,813 28.13 14 
Total$59 $76 
In October 2017,July 2021, we declared dividends on our Series C,series D, EF, and G preferred stock of approximately $1,313, $1,475, $1,500$950, and $1,338, respectively, per share, or approximately $0.33, $0.37, $0.38$9.50 and $0.33, respectively,

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per depositary share. These dividends total approximately $6 million, $11 million, $11$2 million and $7 million on our Series C,series D, EF, and G preferred stock, respectively, which will be paid in December 2017. September 2021.
Common Stock
In June 2017,2019, our Board approved a common stock purchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $1.4$2.0 billion of our common stock from July 1, 2019 through June 30, 2020 (the 2019 Program). We repurchased $500 million of our common stock in each of the third and fourth quarters of 2019 and the first quarter of 2020 under the 2019 Program.
On March 16, 2020, we, along with the other U.S. G-SIBs, suspended common share repurchases and maintained this suspension through the fourth quarter of 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This suspension was consistent with limitations imposed by the Federal Reserve beginning in the second quarter of 2020. As a result, we had no repurchases of our common stock in the second, third or fourth quarters of 2020.
In December 2020, the Federal Reserve issued results of 2020 resubmission stress tests and authorized us to continue to pay common stock dividends at current levels and to resume repurchasing common shares in the first quarter of 2021. In January 2021, our Board authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $475 million of our common stock through March 31, 2021. In April 2021, our Board authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $425 million of our common stock through June 30, 2018 (the 2017 Program).
2021, consistent with the limit set by the Federal Reserve. In June 2016,July 2021, our Board approvedauthorized a common stock purchaseshare repurchase program authorizingfor the purchase of up to$1.4 $3.0 billion of our common stock through June 30, 2017 (the 2016 Program). the end of 2022.
The tabletables below presentspresent the activity under both the 2017 Program and 2016 Program duringour common stock purchase program for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Shares Acquired
(In millions)
Average Cost per Share
Total Acquired
(In millions)
Shares Acquired (In millions)Average Cost per ShareTotal Acquired (In millions)
5.0 $84.71 $425 11.2 $80.00 $900 
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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
 Shares Acquired
(In millions)		 Average Cost per Share Total Acquired
(In millions)		 Shares Acquired
(In millions)		 Average Cost per Share Total Acquired
(In millions)
2016 Program(1)
—
 $—
 $—
 9.4
 $79.93
 $750
2017 Program3.7
 93.39
 350
 3.7
 93.39
 350
Total3.7
 $93.39
 $350
 13.1
 $83.77
 $1,100
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Shares Acquired
(In millions)		Average Cost per ShareTotal Acquired
(In millions)		Shares Acquired (In millions)Average Cost per ShareTotal Acquired (In millions)
2019 Program0 $0 $0 6.5 $77.35 $500 
(1) Includes $158 million relating to shares acquired in exchange for BFDS stock during the first quarter of 2017. Additional information about the exchange is provided in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.
The table below presents the dividends declared on common stock for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
 Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
 Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
 Dividends Declared per Share 
Total
(In millions)
Common Stock$0.42
 $156
 $0.38
 $147
 $1.18
 $442
 $1.06
 $414
Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020
Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)
Common Stock$0.52 $179 $0.52 $183 
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)Dividends Declared per ShareTotal (In millions)
Common Stock$1.04 $361 $1.04 $366 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The following table presents the after-tax components of AOCI as offor the datesperiods indicated:
Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016(In millions)20212020
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges$(45) $229
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges$53 $53 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities portfolio301
 (225)Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities portfolio467 899 
Net unrealized gains (losses) related to reclassified available-for-sale securities18
 25
Net unrealized gains (losses) related to reclassified available-for-sale securities(46)7 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities319
 (200)Net unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities421 906 
Net unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities designated in fair value hedges(73) (86)
Net unrealized (losses) on available-for-sale securities designated in fair value hedgesNet unrealized (losses) on available-for-sale securities designated in fair value hedges(37)(40)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on hedges of net investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries(52) 95
Net unrealized gains (losses) on hedges of net investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries(93)68 
Other-than-temporary impairment on held-to-maturity securities related to factors other than credit(6) (9)Other-than-temporary impairment on held-to-maturity securities related to factors other than credit(2)(2)
Net unrealized losses on retirement plans(184) (194)
Net unrealized (losses) on retirement plansNet unrealized (losses) on retirement plans(168)(173)
Foreign currency translation(943) (1,875)Foreign currency translation(596)(1,242)
Total$(984) $(2,040)Total$(422)$(430)
The following table presents changes in AOCI by component, net of related taxes, for the periods indicated:
(In millions)Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow HedgesNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale SecuritiesNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Hedges of Net Investments in Non-U.S. SubsidiariesOther-Than-Temporary Impairment on Held-to-Maturity SecuritiesNet Unrealized Losses on Retirement PlansForeign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2020$57 $848 $(204)$(2)$(178)$(334)$187 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(37)(464)111 0 0 (262)(652)
Amounts reclassified into earnings33 0 0 0 10 0 43 
Other comprehensive income (loss)(4)(464)111 0 10 (262)(609)
Balance as of June 30, 2021$53 $384 $(93)$(2)$(168)$(596)$(422)
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(In millions)Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Hedges of Net Investments in Non-U.S. Subsidiaries Other-Than-Temporary Impairment on Held-to-Maturity Securities Net Unrealized Losses on Retirement Plans Foreign Currency Translation Total
Balance as of December 31, 2016$229
 $(286) $95
 $(9) $(194) $(1,875) $(2,040)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(274) 555
 (147) 3
 —
 932
 1,069
Amounts reclassified into (out of) earnings—
 (23) —
 —
 10
 —
 (13)
Other comprehensive income (loss)(274) 532
 (147) 3
 10
 932
 1,056
Balance as of September 30, 2017$(45) $246
 $(52) $(6) $(184) $(943) $(984)


(In millions)Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow HedgesNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale SecuritiesNet Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Hedges of Net Investments in Non-U.S. SubsidiariesOther-Than-Temporary Impairment on Held-to-Maturity SecuritiesNet Unrealized Losses on Retirement PlansForeign Currency TranslationTotal
Balance as of December 31, 2019$(70)$409 $46 $(2)$(187)$(1,072)$(876)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications103 456 22 0 0 (170)411 
Amounts reclassified into (out of) earnings20 1 0 0 14 0 35 
Other comprehensive income (loss)123 457 22 0 14 (170)446 
Balance as of June 30, 2020$53 $866 $68 $(2)$(173)$(1,242)$(430)
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CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
(In millions)Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Cash Flow Hedges Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Available-for-Sale Securities Net Unrealized Gain (Losses) on Hedges of Net Investments in Non-U.S. Subsidiaries Other-Than-Temporary Impairment on Held-to-Maturity Securities Net Unrealized Losses on Retirement Plans Foreign Currency Translation Total
Balance as of December 31, 2015$293
 $(128) $(14) $(16) $(183) $(1,394) $(1,442)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(213) 520
 55
 6
 —
 77
 445
Amounts reclassified into (out of) earnings—
 4
 —
 (1) 1
 —
 4
Other comprehensive income (loss)(213) 524
 55
 5
 1
 77
 449
Balance as of September 30, 2016$80
 $396
 $41
 $(11) $(182) $(1,317) $(993)
The following table presents after-tax reclassifications into earnings for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(In millions)Amounts Reclassified into
(out of) Earnings		Affected Line Item in Consolidated Statement of Income
Cash flow hedges:
Gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income, net of related taxes of $7 and $6, respectively$18 $15 Losses reclassified (from) to other comprehensive income
Retirement plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses, net of related taxes of $1 and $0, respectively2 2 Compensation and employee benefits expenses
Total reclassifications into AOCI$20 $17 
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(In millions)Amounts Reclassified into
(out of) Earnings		Affected Line Item in Consolidated Statement of Income
Available-for-sale securities:
Net realized gains (losses) from sales of available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes of $0 and $1, respectively$0 $1 Net gains (losses) from sales of available-for-sale securities
Cash flow hedges:
Gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income, net of related taxes of $13 and $833 20 Net interest income reclassified from other comprehensive income
Retirement plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses, net of related taxes of $4 and $4, respectively10 14 Compensation and employee benefits expenses
Total reclassifications (into) out of Accumulated other comprehensive loss$43 $35 
 Three Months Ended September 30,  
 2017 2016  
(In millions)
Amounts Reclassified into
(out of) Earnings
 Affected Line Item in Consolidated Statement of Income
Available-for-sale securities:     
Net realized gains from sales of available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes of ($1) and ($2), respectively$4
 $2
 Net gains (losses) from sales of available-for-sale securities
Retirement plans:     
Amortization of actuarial losses, net of related taxes of $0 and $1, respectively2
 (1) Compensation and employee benefits expenses
Total reclassifications (out of) into AOCI$6
 $1
  
 Nine Months Ended September 30,  
 2017 2016  
(In millions)
Amounts Reclassified into
(out of) Earnings
 Affected Line Item in Consolidated Statement of Income
Available-for-sale securities:     
Net realized gains (losses) from sales of available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes of $15 and ($3), respectively$(23) $4
 Net gains (losses) from sales of available-for-sale securities
Held-to-maturity securities:     
Other-than-temporary impairment on held-to-maturity securities related to factors other than credit, net of related taxes of $0 and $1, respectively—
 (1) Losses reclassified (from) to other comprehensive income
Retirement plans:     
Amortization of actuarial losses, net of related taxes of ($2) and ($2), respectively10
 1
 Compensation and employee benefits expenses
Total reclassifications (out of) into AOCI$(13) $4
  

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 13.    Regulatory Capital
We are subject to variousFor additional information on our regulatory capital, including the regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum regulatory capital requirements can initiate certain mandatoryagencies, and discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on our consolidated financial condition. Under current regulatory capital adequacy guidelines, we must meet specified capital requirements that involve quantitative measures of our consolidated assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet exposures calculated in conformity with regulatory accounting practices. Our capital components and their classifications are subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors. For additional information on regulatory capital, and the requirements to which we are subject, refer to pages 179 to 180page 174 in Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
As required by the Dodd-Frank Act, State Street and State Street Bank, as advanced approaches banking organizations, are subject to a permanent "capital floor" in the calculation and assessment of their regulatory capital adequacy by U.S. banking regulators. Beginning on January 1, 2015,June 30, 2021, we were required to calculate our risk-based capital ratios using both the advanced approaches and the standardized approach. As a result, from January 1, 2015 going forward, our risk-based capital ratios for regulatory assessment purposes are the lower of each ratio calculated under the standardized approach and the advanced approaches.
The methods for the calculation of our and State Street Bank's risk-based capital ratios will change as the provisions of the Basel III final rule related to the numerator (capital) and denominator (risk-weighted assets) are phased in, and as we begin calculating our risk-weighted assets using the advanced approaches. These ongoing methodological changes will result in differences in our reported capital ratios from one reporting period to the next that are independent of applicable changes to our capital base, our asset composition, our off-balance sheet exposures or our risk profile.
As of September 30, 2017, State Street and State Street Bank exceeded all regulatory capital adequacy requirements to which theywe were subject.subject to. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, State Street Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” under the applicable regulatory capital adequacy framework, and exceeded all “well capitalized” ratio guidelines to which it was subject. Management believes that no conditions or events have occurred since SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 that have changed the capital categorization of State Street Bank.
The following table presents the regulatory capital structure, total risk-weighted assets,RWA, related regulatory capital ratios and the minimum required regulatory capital ratios for State Streetus and State Street Bank as of the dates indicated. As a result of changes in the methodologies used to calculate our regulatory capital ratios from period to period as the provisions of the Basel III final rule are phased in, the ratios presented in the table for each period-end are not directly comparable. Refer to the footnotes following the table.

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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

State Street CorporationState Street Bank
 State Street State Street Bank
(In millions) 
Basel III Advanced Approaches September 30, 2017(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach September 30, 2017(2)

Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2016(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2016(2)

Basel III Advanced Approaches September 30, 2017(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach September 30, 2017(2)

Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2016(1)

Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2016(2)
(Dollars in millions)(Dollars in millions)Basel III Advanced Approaches June 30, 2021Basel III Standardized Approach June 30, 2021Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2020Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2020Basel III Advanced Approaches June 30, 2021Basel III Standardized Approach June 30, 2021Basel III Advanced Approaches December 31, 2020Basel III Standardized Approach December 31, 2020
Common shareholders' equity: Common shareholders' equity:                Common shareholders' equity:
Common stock and related surplusCommon stock and related surplus$10,307
 $10,307
 $10,286
 $10,286
 $11,382
 $11,382
 $11,376
 $11,376
Common stock and related surplus$10,750 $10,750 $10,709 $10,709 $12,893 $12,893 $12,893 $12,893 
Retained earningsRetained earnings 18,675
 18,675
 17,459
 17,459
 12,286
 12,286
 12,285
 12,285
Retained earnings24,300 24,300 23,442 23,442 14,229 14,229 12,939 12,939 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(985) (985) (1,936) (1,936) (808) (808) (1,648) (1,648)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(422)(422)187 187 (227)(227)371 371 
Treasury stock, at costTreasury stock, at cost (8,697) (8,697) (7,682) (7,682) —
 —
 —
 —
Treasury stock, at cost(11,437)(11,437)(10,609)(10,609)0 0 0 0 
Total 19,300

19,300
 18,127
 18,127
 22,860
 22,860
 22,013
 22,013
Total23,191 23,191 23,729 23,729 26,895 26,895 26,203 26,203 
Regulatory capital adjustments:Regulatory capital adjustments:               Regulatory capital adjustments:
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities(3)
(6,739) (6,739) (6,348) (6,348) (6,447) (6,447) (6,060) (6,060)
Other adjustments (122) (122) (155) (155) (90) (90) (148) (148)
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilitiesGoodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities(9,070)(9,070)(9,019)(9,019)(8,798)(8,798)(8,745)(8,745)
Other adjustments(1)
Other adjustments(1)
(430)(430)(333)(333)(244)(244)(152)(152)
Common equity tier 1 capital Common equity tier 1 capital12,439

12,439
 11,624
 11,624
 16,323
 16,323
 15,805
 15,805
 Common equity tier 1 capital13,691 13,691 14,377 14,377 17,853 17,853 17,306 17,306 
Preferred stockPreferred stock3,196
 3,196
 3,196
 3,196
 —
 —
 —
 —
Preferred stock1,976 1,976 2,471 2,471 0 0 0 0 
Trust preferred capital securities subject to phase-out from tier 1 capital—
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
Other adjustments (29) (29) (103) (103) —
 —
 —
 —
Tier 1 capital Tier 1 capital15,606

15,606
 14,717
 14,717
 16,323
 16,323
 15,805
 15,805
 Tier 1 capital15,667 15,667 16,848 16,848 17,853 17,853 17,306 17,306 
Qualifying subordinated long-term debtQualifying subordinated long-term debt1,072
 1,072
 1,172
 1,172
 1,076
 1,076
 1,179
 1,179
Qualifying subordinated long-term debt1,592 1,592 961 961 756 756 966 966 
Trust preferred capital securities phased out of tier 1 capital—
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
ALLL and other5
 79
 19
 77
 —
 79
 15
 77
Other adjustments 1
 1
 1
 1
 —
 —
 —
 —
Allowance for credit lossesAllowance for credit losses0 120 1 148 0 120 10 148 
Total capital Total capital$16,684

$16,758
 $15,909
 $15,967
 $17,399
 $17,478
 $16,999
 $17,061
 Total capital$17,259 $17,379 $17,810 $17,957 $18,609 $18,729 $18,282 $18,420 
Risk-weighted assets: Risk-weighted assets:                 Risk-weighted assets:
Credit risk$50,197
 $106,377
 $50,900
 $98,125
 $47,282
 $103,024
 $47,383
 $94,413
Operational risk(4)
45,795
 NA
 44,579
 NA
 45,270
 NA
 44,043
 NA
Market risk(5)
3,005
 1,203
 3,822
 1,751
 3,005
 1,203
 3,822
 1,751
Credit risk(2)
Credit risk(2)
$69,357 $119,659 $63,367 $114,892 $62,321 $116,435 $58,960 $110,797 
Operational risk(3)
Operational risk(3)
44,838 NA44,150 NA43,413 NA43,663 NA
Market riskMarket risk2,263 2,263 2,188 2,188 2,263 2,263 2,188 2,188 
Total risk-weighted assetsTotal risk-weighted assets $98,997
 $107,580
 $99,301
 $99,876
 $95,557
 $104,227
 $95,248
 $96,164
Total risk-weighted assets$116,458 $121,922 $109,705 $117,080 $107,997 $118,698 $104,811 $112,985 
Adjusted quarterly average assetsAdjusted quarterly average assets$211,396
 $211,396
 $226,310
 $226,310
 $208,308
 $208,308
 $222,584
 $222,584
Adjusted quarterly average assets$298,682 $298,682 $263,490 $263,490 $295,431 $295,431 $260,489 $260,489 
                
Capital Ratios:
2017 Minimum Requirements Including Capital Conservation Buffer and
G-SIB Surcharge(6)
2016 Minimum Requirements Including Capital Conservation Buffer and
G-SIB Surcharge(7)
               Capital Ratios:
2021 Minimum Requirements(4)
2020 Minimum Requirements(4)
Common equity tier 1 capital6.5%5.5%12.6% 11.6% 11.7% 11.6% 17.1% 15.7% 16.6% 16.4%Common equity tier 1 capital8.0 %8.0 %11.8 %11.2 %13.1 %12.3 %16.5 %15.0 %16.5 %15.3 %
Tier 1 capital8.0
7.0
15.8
 14.5
 14.8
 14.7
 17.1
 15.7
 16.6
 16.4
Tier 1 capital9.5 9.5 13.5 12.9 15.4 14.4 16.5 15.0 16.5 15.3 
Total capital10.0
9.0
16.9
 15.6
 16.0
 16.0
 18.2
 16.8
 17.8
 17.7
Total capital11.5 11.5 14.8 14.3 16.2 15.3 17.2 15.8 17.4 16.3 
Tier 1 leverage(5)4.0
4.0
7.4
 7.4
 6.5
 6.5
 7.8
 7.8
 7.1
 7.1
4.0 4.0 5.2 5.2 6.4 6.4 6.0 6.0 6.6 6.6 
(1) Other adjustments within CET1 capital primarily include the overfunded portion of our defined benefit pension plan obligation net of associated deferred tax liabilities, disallowed deferred tax assets, and other required credit risk based deductions.
(1) Common equity tier 1 capital, tier 1 capital and total capital ratios as(2) Includes a CVA which reflects the risk of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculatedpotential fair value adjustments for credit risk reflected in conformity with the advanced approaches provisionsour valuation of the Basel III final rule. Tier 1 leverage ratio as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculatedOTC derivative contracts. We used a simple CVA approach in conformity with the Basel III final rule.advanced approaches.
(2) Common equity tier 1 capital, tier 1 capital and total capital ratios as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculated in conformity with the standardized approach provisions of the Basel III final rule. Tier 1 leverage ratio as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were calculated in conformity with the Basel III final rule.
(3)Amounts for State Street and State Street Bank as of September 30, 2017 consisted of goodwill, net of associated deferred tax liabilities, and 80% of other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities. Amounts for State Street and State Street Bank as of December 31, 2016 consisted of goodwill, net of deferred tax liabilities and 60% of other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities. Intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities is phased in as a deduction from capital, in conformity with the Basel III final rule.
(4) Under the current advanced approaches rules and regulatory guidance concerning operational risk models, RWA attributable to operational risk can vary substantially from period-to-period, without direct correlation to the effects of a particular loss event on our results of operations and financial condition and impacting dates and periods that may differ from the dates and periods as of and during which the loss event is reflected in our financial statements, with the timing and categorization dependent on the processes for model updates and, if applicable, model revalidation and regulatory review and related supervisory processes. An individual loss event can have a significant effect on the output of our operational risk RWA under the advanced approaches depending on the severity of the loss event and its categorization among the seven Basel-defined UOMs.
(5) Market risk risk-weighted assets reported in conformity with the Basel III advanced approaches included
(4) Minimum requirements include a CVA which reflected the riskCCB of potential fair value adjustments2.5% and a SCB of 2.5% for credit risk reflected in our valuation of over-the-counter derivative contracts.  The CVA was not provided for in the final market risk capital rule; however, it was required by the advanced approaches provisionsand the standardized approach, respectively, a G-SIB surcharge of 1.0% and a countercyclical buffer of 0%.
(5) State Street Bank is required to maintain a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5.0% as it is the Basel III final rule.  We usedinsured depository institution subsidiary of State Street Corporation, a simple CVA approach in conformity with the Basel III advanced approaches.
(6) Minimum requirements will be phased in up to full implementation beginning on January 1, 2019; minimum requirements listed are as of September 30, 2017.
(7) Minimum requirements will be phased in up to full implementation beginning on January 1, 2019; minimum requirements listed are as of December 31, 2016.
U.S. G-SIB.
NANot applicable


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STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 14.    Net Interest Income
The following table presents the components of interest income and interest expense, and related NII, for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)2021202020212020
Interest income:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$(4)$4 $(13)$85 
Investment securities:
Investment securities available-for-sale145 189 285 404 
Investment securities held-to-maturity163 227 343 496 
Investment securities purchased under money market liquidity facility0 70 4 78 
Total investment securities308 486 632 978 
Securities purchased under resale agreements3 24 13 89 
Loans157 156 298 340 
Other interest-earning assets3 4 8 50 
Total interest income467 674 938 1,542 
Interest expense:
Interest-bearing deposits(65)(54)(134)14 
Short term borrowings under money market liquidity facility0 58 4 64 
Securities sold under repurchase agreements0 1 0 3 
Other short-term borrowings1 5 1 15 
Long-term debt54 95 114 183 
Other interest-bearing liabilities10 10 19 40 
Total interest expense0 115 4 319 
Net interest income$467 $559 $934 $1,223 
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In millions)2017 2016 2017 2016
Interest income:       
Deposits with banks$45
 $29
 $121
 $101
Investment securities:       
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies207
 200
 627
 620
State and political subdivisions56
 55
 171
 162
Other investments173
 208
 495
 581
Securities purchased under resale agreements74
 40
 189
 112
Loans and leases139
 97
 362
 281
Other interest-earning assets67
 18
 146
 39
Total interest income761
 647
 2,111
 1,896
Interest expense:       
Deposits39
 20
 96
 73
Securities sold under repurchase agreements1
 —
 2
 1
Short-term borrowings3
 2
 7
 4
Long-term debt78
 68
 227
 191
Other interest-bearing liabilities37
 20
 91
 57
Total interest expense158
 110
 423
 326
Net interest income$603
 $537
 $1,688
 $1,570
Note 15.    Expenses
The following table presents the components of other expenses for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(In millions)2017 2016 2017 2016(In millions)2021202020212020
Professional servicesProfessional services$75 $91 $155 $172 
Regulatory fees and assessmentsRegulatory fees and assessments19 17 37 29 
Sales advertising public relationsSales advertising public relations16 12 33 30 
Insurance$27
 $31
 $84
 $74
Insurance3 3 6 8 
Regulatory fees and assessments24
 28
 77
 65
Securities processing4
 10
 20
 20
Securities processing2 15 14 30 
Litigation3
 47
 (15) 47
Bank operationsBank operations2 4 4 13 
Other86
 71
 261
 231
Other82 101 172 191 
Total other expenses$144
 $187
 $427
 $437
Total other expenses$199 $243 $421 $473 
Restructuring ChargesAcquisition Costs
In the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, weWe recorded restructuring charges of $33approximately $11 million and $112$22 million of acquisition costs in the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, respectively, compared to $10$12 million and $120$23 million in the same periods of 2016. The charges were primarilyin 2020, respectively, related to Beacon.our acquisition of CRD.
Restructuring and Repositioning Charges
The following table presents aggregate restructuring activity for repositioning charges for the periods indicated:
(In millions)Employee
Related Costs		 Real Estate
Actions		 Asset and Other Write-offs Total
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2015$9
 $11
 $3
 $23
Accruals for Beacon86
 —
 11
 97
Payments and Other Adjustments(4) (1) (7) (12)
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2016$91
 $10
 $7
 $108
Accruals for Beacon(1) 15
 (1) 13
Payments and Other Adjustments(35) (3) (1) (39)
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2016$55
 $22
 $5
 $82
Accruals for Beacon8
 3
 (1) 10
Payments and Other Adjustments(14) (3) (1) (18)
Accrual Balance at September 30, 2016$49
 $22
 $3
 $74
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2016$37
 $17
 $2
 $56
Accruals for Beacon14
 —
 2
 16
Payments and Other Adjustments(13) (3) (2) (18)
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2017$38
 $14
 $2
 $54
Accruals for Beacon60
 —
 2
 62
Payments and other adjustments(11) (3) (2) (16)
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2017$87
 $11
 $2
 $100
Accruals for Beacon23
 9
 1
 33
Payments and Other Adjustments(10) (5) (1) (16)
Accrual Balance at September 30, 2017$100
 $15
 $2
 $117
Note 16.    Earnings Per Common Share
Basic EPS is calculated pursuant to the “two-class” method, by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is calculated pursuant to the two-class method, by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the total weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period plus the shares representing the dilutive effect of equity-based awards. The effect of equity-based awards is excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS in periods in which their effect would be anti-dilutive.
The two-class method requires the allocation of undistributed net income between common and participating shareholders. Net income available to common shareholders, presented separately in our consolidated statement of income, is the basis for the calculation of both basic and diluted EPS. Participating securities are composed of unvested and fully vested SERP shares and fully vested deferred director stock awards, which are equity-based awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to
(In millions)Employee
Related Costs		Real Estate
Actions		Asset and Other Write-offsTotal
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2019$190 $7 $1 $198 
Payments and Other Adjustments(33)(1)0 (34)
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2020157 6 1 164 
Payments and Other Adjustments(25)(1)0 (26)
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2020$132 $5 $1 $138 
Accrual Balance at December 31, 2020$190 $6 $0 $196 
Accruals for Beacon(1)0 0 (1)
Accruals for Repositioning Charges0 2 0 2 
Payments and Other Adjustments(9)(2)0 (11)
Accrual Balance at March 31, 2021180 6 0 186 
Payments and Other Adjustments(34)0 0 (34)
Accrual Balance at June 30, 2021$146 $6 $0 $152 

State Street Corporation | 9789


Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)


dividends,
Note 16. Earnings Per Common Share
For additional information on our earnings per share calculation methodologies, refer to pages 181 to 182 in Note 23 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and are considered to participate with the common stockSupplementary Data, in undistributed earnings.our 2020 Form 10-K.
The following table presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)2017
2016
Net income$685
 $563
Less:   
Preferred stock dividends(55) (55)
Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities(1)
(1) (1)
Net income available to common shareholders$629
 $507
Average common shares outstanding (In thousands):   
Basic average common shares372,765
 388,358
Effect of dilutive securities: equity-based awards5,753
 4,854
Diluted average common shares378,518
 393,212
Anti-dilutive securities(2)
—
 2,166
Earnings per Common Share:   
Basic$1.69
 $1.31
Diluted(3)
1.66
 1.29
    
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)2017 2016
Net income$1,807
 $1,550
Less:   
Preferred stock dividends(146) (137)
Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities(1)
(2) (2)
Net income available to common shareholders$1,659
 $1,411
Average common shares outstanding (In thousands):   
Basic average common shares376,430
 393,959
Effect of dilutive securities: equity-based awards5,349
 4,454
Diluted average common shares381,779
 398,413
Anti-dilutive securities(2)
250
 3,027
Earnings per Common Share:   
Basic$4.41
 $3.58
Diluted(3)
4.35
 3.54
Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)2021202020212020
Net income$763 $694 $1,282 $1,328 
Less:
Preferred stock dividends(34)(32)(64)(85)
Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities(1)
(1)0 (1)(1)
Net income available to common shareholders$728 $662 $1,217 $1,242 
Average common shares outstanding (In thousands):
Basic average common shares345,889 352,157 348,303 352,952 
Effect of dilutive securities: equity-based awards5,693 4,256 5,131 4,076 
Diluted average common shares351,582 356,413 353,434 357,028 
Anti-dilutive securities(2)
176 2,989 192 1,580 
Earnings per common share:
Basic$2.11 $1.88 $3.49 $3.52 
Diluted(3)
2.07 1.86 3.44 3.48 
(1) Represents the portion of net income available to common equity allocated to participating securities, composed of unvested and fully vested SERP (Supplemental executive retirement plans) shares and fully vested deferred director stock awards, which are equity-based awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends, and are considered to participate with the common stock in undistributed earnings.
(2) Represents equity-based awards outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted average common shares, because their effect was anti-dilutive. Additional information about equity-based awards is provided on pages 176 and 177 in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
(3) Calculations reflect allocation of earnings to participating securities using the two-class method, as this computation is more dilutive than the treasury stock method.

State Street Corporation | 9890


Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 17. Line of Business Information
Our operations are organized into two2 lines of business: Investment Servicing and Investment Management, which are defined based on products and services provided. The results of operations for these lines of business are not necessarily comparable with those of other companies, including companies in the financial services industry. For information about our two2 lines of business, as well as revenues, expenses and capital allocation methodologies associated with them, refer to pages 188182 to 189183 in Note 24 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 20162020 Form 10-K.
The following table is a summary of our line-of-businessline of business results for the periods indicated. The "Other" column representscolumns represent costs incurred that are not allocated to a specific line of business, certain employee costs, including certain severance and restructuring costs, acquisition costs and certain provisions for legal contingencies.
Three Months Ended June 30,
Investment
Servicing		Investment
Management		OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)20212020202120202021202020212020
Servicing fees$1,399 $1,272 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,399 $1,272 
Management fees0 0 504 444 0 0 504 444 
Foreign exchange trading services270 312 16 13 0 0 286 325 
Securities finance106 88 3 4 0 0 109 92 
Software and processing fees (1)
209 229 7 16 0 0 216 245 
Total fee revenue1,984 1,901 530 477 0 0 2,514 2,378 
Net interest income468 571 (1)(12)0 0 467 559 
Total other income0 0 0 0 53 0 53 0 
Total revenue2,452 2,472 529 465 53 0 3,034 2,937 
Provision for credit losses(15)52 0 0 0 0 (15)52 
Total expenses1,755 1,717 346 353 10 12 2,111 2,082 
Income before income tax expense$712 $703 $183 $112 $43 $(12)$938 $803 
Pre-tax margin29 %28 %35 %24 %31 %27 %
Six Months Ended June 30,
Investment
Servicing		Investment
Management		OtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)20212020202120202021202020212020
Servicing fees$2,770 $2,559 $0 $0 $0 $0 $2,770 $2,559 
Management fees0 0 997 908 0 0 997 908 
Foreign exchange trading services603 746 29 23 0 0 632 769 
Securities finance201 177 7 7 0 0 208 184 
Software and processing fees (1)
381 366 9 (9)0 0 390 357 
Total fee revenue3,955 3,848 1,042 929 0 0 4,997 4,777 
Net interest income941 1,234 (7)(11)0 0 934 1,223 
Total other income0 2 0 0 53 0 53 2 
Total revenue4,896 5,084 1,035 918 53 0 5,984 6,002 
Provision for credit losses(24)88 0 0 0 0 (24)88 
Total expenses3,634 3,576 743 738 66 23 4,443 4,337 
Income before income tax expense$1,286 $1,420 $292 $180 $(13)$(23)1,565 $1,577 
Pre-tax margin26 %28 %28 %20 %26 %26 %
 Three Months Ended September 30,
 Investment
Servicing		 Investment
Management		 Other Total
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
Servicing fees$1,351
 $1,303
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $1,351
 $1,303
Management fees—
 —
 419
 368
 —
 —
 419
 368
Trading services239
 248
 20
 19
 —
 —
 259
 267
Securities finance147
 136
 —
 —
 —
 —
 147
 136
Processing fees and other65
 12
 1
 (7) —
 —
 66
 5
Total fee revenue1,802
 1,699
 440
 380
 —
 —
 2,242
 2,079
Net interest income606
 536
 (3) 1
 —
 —
 603
 537
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net1
 4
 —
 —
 —
 —
 1
 4
Total revenue2,409
 2,239
 437
 381
 —
 —
 2,846
 2,620
Provision for loan losses3
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 3
 —
Total expenses1,673
 1,634
 314
 317
 34
 33
 2,021
 1,984
Income before income tax expense$733
 $605
 $123
 $64
 $(34) $(33) $822
 $636
Pre-tax margin30% 27% 28% 17%     29% 24%
                
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 Investment
Servicing		 Investment
Management		 Other Total
(Dollars in millions)2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
Servicing fees$3,986
 $3,784
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $—
 $3,986
 $3,784
Management fees—
 —
 1,198
 931
 —
 —
 1,198
 931
Trading services768
 760
 55
 46
 —
 —
 823
 806
Securities finance459
 426
 —
 —
 —
 —
 459
 426
Processing fees and other203
 164
 6
 (9) —
 —
 209
 155
Total fee revenue5,416
 5,134
 1,259
 968
 —
 —
 6,675
 6,102
Net interest income1,691
 1,567
 (3) 3
 —
 —
 1,688
 1,570
Gains (losses) related to investment securities, net(39) 5
 —
 —
 —
 —
 (39) 5
Total revenue7,068

6,706

1,256

971
 —
 —
 8,324
 7,677
Provision for loan losses4
 8
 —
 —
 —
 —
 4
 8
Total expenses5,050
 4,920
 954
 817
 134
 157
 6,138
 5,894
Income before income tax expense$2,014
 $1,778
 $302
 $154
 $(134) $(157) $2,182
 $1,775
Pre-tax margin28% 27% 24% 16%     26% 23%

(1) Investment Management includes other revenue items that are primarily driven by equity market movements.
State Street Corporation | 9991


Table of Contents
STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)

Note 18.  Revenue from Contracts with Customers
For additional information on the nature of services and our revenue from contracts with customers, including revenues associated with both our Investment Servicing and Investment Management lines of business, refer to pages 184 to 186 in Note 25 to the consolidated financial statements included under Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, in our 2020 Form 10-K.
Revenue by category
In the following tables, revenue is disaggregated by our 2 lines of business and by revenue stream for which the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Investment ServicingInvestment ManagementOtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)Topic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotalTopic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotalTopic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotal2021
Servicing fees$1,399 $0 $1,399 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $1,399 
Management fees0 0 0 504 0 504 0 0 0 504 
Foreign exchange trading services83 187 270 16 0 16 0 0 0 286 
Securities finance61 45 106 0 3 3 0 0 0 109 
Software and processing fees156 53 209 0 7 7 0 0 0 216 
Total fee revenue1,699 285 1,984 520 10 530 0 0 0 2,514 
Net interest income0 468 468 0 (1)(1)0 0 0 467 
Total other income0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 53 53 
Total revenue$1,699 $753 $2,452 $520 $9 $529 $0 $53 $53 $3,034 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
Investment ServicingInvestment ManagementOtherTotal
(Dollars in millions)Topic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotalTopic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotalTopic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotal2021
Servicing fees$2,770 $0 $2,770 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $2,770 
Management fees0 0 0 997 0 997 0 0 0 997 
Foreign exchange trading services178 425 603 29 0 29 0 0 0 632 
Securities finance121 80 201 0 7 7 0 0 0 208 
Software and processing fees264 117 381 0 9 9 0 0 0 390 
Total fee revenue3,333 622 3,955 1,026 16 1,042 0 0 0 4,997 
Net interest income0 941 941 0 (7)(7)0 0 0 934 
Total other income0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53 53 53 
Total revenue$3,333 $1,563 $4,896 $1,026 $9 $1,035 $0 $53 $53 $5,984 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Investment ServicingInvestment ManagementTotal
(Dollars in millions)Topic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotalTopic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotal2020
Servicing fees$1,272 $0 $1,272 $0 $0 $0 $1,272 
Management fees0 0 0 444 0 444 444 
Foreign exchange trading services95 217 312 13 0 13 325 
Securities finance63 25 88 0 4 4 92 
Software and processing fees151 78 229 0 16 16 245 
Total fee revenue1,581 320 1,901 457 20 477 2,378 
Net interest income0 571 571 0 (12)(12)559 
Total revenue$1,581 $891 $2,472 $457 $8 $465 $2,937 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Investment ServicingInvestment ManagementTotal
(Dollars in millions)Topic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotalTopic 606 revenueAll other revenueTotal2020
Servicing fees$2,559 $0 $2,559 $0 $0 $0 $2,559 
Management fees0 0 0 908 0 908 908 
Foreign exchange trading services195 551 746 23 0 23 769 
Securities finance120 57 177 0 7 7 184 
Software and processing fees258 108 366 0 (9)(9)357 
Total fee revenue3,132 716 3,848 931 (2)929 4,777 
Net interest income0 1,234 1,234 0 (11)(11)1,223 
Total other income0 2 2 0 0 0 2 
Total revenue$3,132 $1,952 $5,084 $931 $(13)$918 $6,002 
State Street Corporation | 92

STATE STREET CORPORATION
CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
Contract balances and contract costs
As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, net receivables of $2.94 billion and $2.68 billion, respectively, are included in accrued interest and fees receivable, representing amounts billed or currently billable related to revenue from contracts with customers. As performance obligations are satisfied, we have an unconditional right to payment and billing is generally performed monthly or quarterly; therefore, we do not have significant contract assets or liabilities.
No adjustments are made to the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component as the period between when we transfer a promised service to a customer and when the customer pays for that service is expected to be one year or less.
Note 18.19.    Non-U.S. Activities
We define our non-U.S. activities as those revenue-producing business activities that arise from clients which are generally serviced or managed outside the U.S. Due to the integrated nature of our business, precise segregation of our U.S. and non-U.S. activities is not possible.
Subjective estimates, assumptions and other judgments are applied to quantify the financial results and assets related to our non-U.S. activities, including our application of funds transfer pricing, our asset-and-liabilityasset and liability management policies and our allocation of certain indirect corporate expenses. Management periodically reviews and updates its processes for quantifying the financial results and assets related to our non-U.S. activities.
The following table presents our U.S. and non-U.S. financial results for the periods indicated:
Three Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(In millions)
Non-U.S.(1)
U.S.Total
Non-U.S.(1)
U.S.Total
Total revenue$1,319 $1,715 $3,034 $1,268 $1,669 $2,937 
Income before income tax expense376 562 938 339 464 803 
Six Months Ended June 30,
20212020
(In millions)
Non-U.S.(1)
U.S.Total
Non-U.S.(1)
U.S.Total
Total revenue$2,655 $3,329 $5,984 $2,625 $3,377 $6,002 
Income before income tax expense699 866 1,565 678 899 1,577 
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
(In millions)Non-U.S. U.S. Total Non-U.S. U.S. Total
Total revenue$1,219
 $1,627
 $2,846
 $1,117
 $1,503
 $2,620
Income before income taxes342
 480
 822
 314
 322
 636
            
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
(In millions)Non-U.S. U.S. Total Non-U.S. U.S. Total
Total revenue$3,494
 $4,830
 $8,324
 $3,278
 $4,399
 $7,677
Income before income taxes919
 1,263
 2,182
 835
 940
 1,775
(1) Geographic mix is generally based on the domicile of the entity servicing the funds and is not necessarily representative of the underlying asset mix.
Non-U.S. assets were $81.5$109.41 billion and $86.7$94.29 billion as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, respectively.

State Street Corporation | 10093


Table of Contents




Report of Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
REVIEW REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


The Shareholders and Board of Directors of
State Street Corporation
Results of Review of Interim Financial Statements
We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated statement of condition of State Street Corporation (the “Corporation”) as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, and the related consolidated statements of income, and comprehensive income, for the three-and-nine month periods ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and changes in shareholders' equity for the three- and six-month periods ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, cash flows for the nine-monthsix-month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016. These2020 and the related condensed notes (collectively referred to as the “condensed consolidated interim financial statements”). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the condensed consolidated interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Corporation's management.for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We conducted our reviewhave previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). ("PCAOB"), the consolidated statement of condition of the Corporation as of December 31, 2020, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders' equity and cash flows for the year then ended, and the related notes (not presented herein); and in our report dated February 19, 2021, we expressed an unqualified audit opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated statement of condition as of December 31, 2020, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated statement of condition from which it has been derived.
Basis for Review Results

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Corporation’s management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Corporation in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the SEC and the PCAOB. We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial informationstatements consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States),PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.
Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the condensed consolidated financial statements referred to above for them to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statement of condition of State Street Corporation as of December 31, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders' equity, and cash flows for the year then ended, not presented herein and we expressed an unqualified audit opinion on those consolidated financial statements in our report dated February 16, 2017. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated statement of condition of State Street Corporation as of December 31, 2016, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated statement of condition from which it has been derived.


/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Boston, Massachusetts
November 1, 2017July 23, 2021



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ACRONYMS
ACRONYMSABSAsset-backed securitiesEUREuro
AFSAvailable-for-sale
LCR(1)
Liquidity coverage ratio
2016 Form 10-KAMLState Street Corporation Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, as amendedAnti-money launderingGAAPLIHTCGenerally accepted accounting principlesLow income housing tax credits
ABSAOCIAsset-backed securitiesGEAMGeneral Electric Asset Management
AFSAvailable-for-saleG-SIBGlobal systemically important bank
ALLLAllowance for loan and lease losses
HQLA(1)
High-quality liquid assets
AMLAnti-money launderingHTMHeld-to-maturity
AOCIAccumulated other comprehensive income (loss)IDILDA modelInsured depository institutionLoss distribution approach model
ASUAccounting Standards UpdateIFDS U.K.LIBORInternational Financial Data Services Limited U.K.London Interbank Offered Rate
AUCAAUC/AAssets under custody andand/or administration
LCR(1)
LTD		Liquidity coverage ratioLong-term debt
AUMAssets under managementLGDMBSLoss given defaultMortgage-backed securities
BCBSBCCBaselBusiness Conduct Committee on Banking SupervisionLTDMRACLong term debt
BFDSBoston Financial Data Services, Inc.MBSMortgage-backed securities
BoardBoard of DirectorsMRACManagement Risk and Capital Committee
bpsBasis pointsNIIMRCNet interest incomeModel Risk Committee
CAPCapital adequacy processNIMMRMNet interest marginModel Risk Management
CCARComprehensive Capital Analysis and ReviewMVGModel Validation Group
CRDCharles River DevelopmentNIINet interest income
CET1(1)
Common equity tier 1NIMNet interest margin
CFTCCommodity Futures Trading CommissionNOLNet Operating Loss
CISCorporate Information Security
NSFR(1)
Net stable funding ratio
CDCOSOCertificatesCommittee of depositSponsoring Organizations of the Treadway CommissionOCIORMOther comprehensive income (loss)Operational risk management
CET1(1)
CRO		Common equity tier 1Chief Risk OfficerOCIOOTCOutsourced Chief Investment OfficerOver-the-counter
CLOCRPCCollateralized loan obligationsCredit Risk & Policy CommitteeOFACOTTIOffice of Foreign Assets ControlOther-than-temporary-impairment
CRECVACommercial real estateOTCOver-the-counter
CVACredit valuation adjustmentOTTIPCAOther-than-temporary-impairmentPrompt corrective action
Dodd-Frank ActDOJDodd-Frank Wall Street ReformDepartment of JusticePCAOBPublic Company Accounting Oversight Board
DOLDepartment of Labor
PD(1)
Probability-of-default
E&A CommitteeExamining and Audit CommitteeP&LProfit-and-loss
ECBEuropean Central BankRCRisk Committee
EGRRCPAEconomic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection ActParent Company
RWA(1)
State Street CorporationRisk-weighted asset
DOJEMEADepartment of JusticeEurope, Middle East, and AfricaPCASCBPrompt corrective actionStress Capital Buffer
DOLEPSDepartment of LaborP&LProfit-and-loss
ECBEuropean Central BankRCRisk Committee
EPSEarnings per shareROESECReturn on average common equity
ERISAEmployee Retirement Income Security Act
RWA(1)
Risk-weighted assets
ERMEnterprise Risk ManagementSECSecurities and Exchange Commission
ETFERMExchange-Traded FundEnterprise Risk ManagementSERPSLBSupplemental executive retirement plansStress Leverage Buffer
EVEETFExchange-Traded Fund
SLR(1)
Supplementary leverage ratio
EVEEconomic value of equity
SLR(1)
SPDR		Supplementary leverage ratioSpider; Standard and Poor's depository receipt
FASBFDICFinancial Accounting Standards BoardFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationSPOE StrategySingle Point of Entry Strategy
FCAFHLBFinancial Conduct AuthoritySSGAState Street Global Advisors
FDICFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationSSIFState Street Intermediate Funding, LLC
Federal ReserveBoard of Governors of the Federal Reserve SystemState Street BankState Street Bank and Trust Company
FHLBFederal Home Loan Bank of BostonSSIFState Street Intermediate Funding, LLC
FICCFixed Income Clearing CorporationTCJATax Cuts and Jobs Act
FTEFully taxable-equivalent
TLAC(1)
Total loss-absorbing capacity
FHLMCFSOCFederal Home Loan Mortgage CorporationFinancial Stability Oversight CouncilTMRCTrading and Markets Risk Committee
FNMAFXFederal National Mortgage AssociationForeign exchangeUOMTOPSTechnology and Operations Committee
GAAPGenerally accepted accounting principlesTORCTechnology and Operational Risk Committee
GCRGlobal credit reviewUCITSUndertakings for Collective Investments in Transferable Securities
G-SIBGlobal systemically important bankUOMUnit of measure
FRBB
HQLA(1)
Federal Reserve Bank of BostonHigh-quality liquid assetsVaRValue-at-Risk
FSBHRCFinancial Stability BoardHuman Resources CommitteeVIEVariable interest entity
FXHTMForeign exchangeHeld-to-maturityWDWithdrawn
IDIInsured Depository Institution
(1) As defined by the applicable U.S. regulations.

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GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
Asset-backed securities: A financial security backed by collateralized assets, other than real estate or mortgage backed securities.



Assets under custody andand/or administration:Assets that we hold directly or indirectly on behalf of clients under a safekeeping or custody arrangement or for which we provide administrative services for clients. To the extent that we provide more than one AUCAAUC/A service (including back and middle office services) for a client’s assets, the value of the asset is only counted once in the total amount of AUCA.

AUC/A.

Assets under management: The total market value of client assets for which we provide investment management strategy services, advisory services and/or distribution services generating management fees based on a percentage of the assets’ market values. These client assets are not included on our balance sheet.

 Assets under management include managed assets lost but not liquidated. Lost business occurs from time to time and it is difficult to predict the timing of client behavior in transitioning these assets as the timing can vary significantly.

Beacon: A multi-year program, announced in October 2015, to create cost efficiencies through changes in our operational processes and to further digitize our processes and interfaces with our clients.



Certificates of deposit: A savings certificate with a fixed maturity date, specified fixed interest rate and can be issued in any denomination aside from minimum investment requirements. A CD restricts access to the funds until the maturity date of the investment.



Collateralized loan obligations:A loan or security backed by a pool of debt, primarily senior secured leveraged loans. CLOs are similar to collateralized mortgage obligations, except for the different type of underlying loan. With a CLO, the investor receives scheduled loan or debt payments from the underlying loans, assuming most of the risk in the event borrowers default, but is offered greater diversity and the potential for higher-than-average returns.



Commercial real estate: Property intended to generate profit from capital gains or rental income. Our CRE loans are composedterm loans secured by commercial and multifamily properties. We seek CRE loans with strong competitive positions in major domestic markets, stable cash flows, modest leverage and experienced institutional ownership.

Deposit beta: A measure of how much of an interest rate increase is expected to be passed on to client interest-bearing accounts, on average.

Depot bank: A German term, specified by the country's law on investment companies, which essentially corresponds to 'custodian'.

Doubtful: Doubtful loans acquiredand leases meet the same definition of substandard loans and leases (i.e., well-defined weaknesses that jeopardize repayment with the possibility that we will sustain some loss) with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in 2008 pursuant to indemnified repurchase agreements with an affiliate of Lehman Brothers.
full highly questionable and improbable.

Economic value of equity: Long-term interest rate risk A measure designed to estimate the fair value of assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments based on a discounted cash flow model.



Exchange-Traded Fund:A type of exchange-traded investment product that offer investors a way to pool their money in a fund that makes investments in stocks, bonds, or other assets and, in return, to receive an interest in that investment pool. ETF shares are traded on a national stock exchange and at market prices that may or may not be the same as the net asset value.



Exposure-at-default: A measure used in the calculation of regulatory capital under Basel III final rule. It can be defined as the expected amount of loss a bank may be exposed to upon default of an obligor.

Global systemically important bank:A financial institution whose distress or disorderly failure, because of its size, complexity and systemic interconnectedness, would cause significant disruption to the wider financial system and economic activity, which will be subject to additional capital requirements.



Held-to-maturity investment securities: We classify investments in debt securities as held-to-maturity only if we have the positive intent and ability to hold those securities to maturity. Investments in debt securities classified as held-to-maturity are measured subsequently at amortized cost in the statement of financial position.

High-quality liquid assets: Cash or assets that can be converted into cash at little or no loss of value in private markets and are considered unencumbered.



Investment grade: A rating of loans and leases to counterparties with strong credit quality and low expected credit risk and probability of default. It applies to counterparties with a strong capacity to support the timely repayment of any financial commitment.

Liquidity coverage ratio: The ratio of encumbered high-quality liquid assets divided by expected total net cash outflows over a 30-day stress period. A Basel III framework requirement for banks and bank holding companies to measure liquidity. Itliquidity, it is designed to ensure that certain banking institutions, including us, maintain a minimum amount of unencumbered HQLA sufficient to withstand the net cash outflow under a hypothetical standardized acute liquidity stress scenario for a 30-day stress period. The ratio of our encumbered high-quality liquid assets divided by our total net cash outflows over a 30-day stress period.



Net asset value: The amount of net assets attributable to each share of capital stock (other than senior securities, such as, preferred stock) outstanding at the closeshare/unit of the period.

fund at a specific date or time.

Net stable funding ratio: The ratio of the amount of available stable funding relative to the amount of required stable funding. This ratio should be equal to at least 100% on an ongoing basis.



Other-than-temporary-impairment: Impairment charge taken on a security whose fair value has fallen below its carrying value on balance sheet and its value is not expected to recover through the holding period of the security.



Probability of default: A measure of the likelihood that a credit obligor will enter into default status.

Qualified financial contracts:Securities contracts, commodity contracts, forward contracts, repurchase agreements, swap agreements and any other contract determined by the FDIC to be a qualified financial contract.



Risk-weighted assets: A measurement used to quantify risk inherent in our on and off-balance sheet assets by adjusting the asset value for risk. RWA is used in the calculation of our risk-based capital ratios.



Special mention: Loans and leases that consist of counterparties with potential weaknesses that, if uncorrected, may result in deterioration of repayment prospects.

Speculative: Loans and leases that consist of counterparties that face ongoing uncertainties or exposure to business, financial, or economic downturns. However, these counterparties may have financial flexibility or access to financial alternatives, which allow for financial commitments to be met.

Substandard: Loans and leases that consist of counterparties with well-defined weakness that jeopardizes repayment with the possibility we will sustain some loss.

Supplementary leverage ratio: The ratio of our tier 1 capital to our total leverage exposure, which measures our capital adequacy relative to our on and off-balance sheet assets.



Total loss-absorbing capacity: The sum of our tier 1 regulatory capital plus eligible external long-term debt issued by us.



Value-at-Risk: Statistical model used to measure the potential loss in value of a portfolio that could occur in normal markets condition, over a defined holding period, within a certain confidence level.



Variable interest entity: An entity that: (1) lacks enough equity investment at risk to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional financial support from other parties; (2) has equity owners that lack the right to make significant decisions affecting the entity’s operations; and/or (3) has equity owners that do not have an obligation to absorb or the right to receive the entity’s losses or return.




























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PART II.2. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 2.     UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(c) In June 2017,2019, our Board approved a common stock purchase program authorizing the purchase of up to $1.4$2.0 billion of our common stock from July 1, 2019 through June 30, 2020 (the 2019 Program). On March 16, 2020, we, along with the other U.S. G-SIBs, suspended common share repurchases and maintained this suspension through the fourth quarter of 2020 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This suspension was consistent with limitations imposed by the Federal Reserve beginning in the second quarter of 2020. As a result, we had no repurchases of our common stock in the second, third or fourth quarters of 2020.
In December 2020, the Federal Reserve issued results of 2020 resubmission stress tests and authorized us to continue to pay common stock dividends at current levels and to resume repurchasing common shares in the first quarter of 2021. In January 2021, our Board authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $475 million of our common stock through March 31, 2021. In April 2021, our Board authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $425 million of our common stock through June 30, 2018 (the 2017 Program).2021, consistent with the limit set by the Federal Reserve. In July 2021, our Board authorized a share repurchase program for the purchase of up to $3.0 billion of our common stock through the end of 2022.
Stock purchases may be made using various types of mechanisms,transactions, including open marketopen-market purchases, accelerated share repurchases or other transactions off the market, and may be made under Rule 10b5-1 trading programs. The timing and amount of any stock purchases typesand the type of transactions and number of
shares purchasedtransaction will depend on several factors, including investment opportunities, our capital position, our financial performance, market conditions and State Street’s capital positions, financial performance and investment opportunities. Ourthe amount of common stock issued as part of employee compensation programs. The common stock purchase programs doprogram does not have specific price targets and may be suspended at any time.time
The following table presents purchases of our common stock under the 2017 Program and related information for each of the months in the quarter ended September 30, 2017. We may employ third-party broker/dealers to acquire shares on the open market in connection with our common stock purchase programs.


(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts, shares in thousands) Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under Publicly Announced Program
Period:        
July 1 - July 31, 2017 158
 $93.42
 158
 $1,385
August 1 - August 31, 2017 2,399
 93.38
 2,399
 1,161
September 1 - September 30, 2017 1,191
 93.41
 1,191
 1,050
Total 3,748
 $93.39
 3,748
 $1,050
Total Number of Shares Purchased (In thousands)Average Price Paid Per ShareTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program (In thousands)Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under Publicly Announced Program (In thousands)
Period:
April 1 - April 30, 20211,086 $81.15 1,086 $336,857 
May 1 - May 31, 20212,442 85.78 2,442 127,380 
June 1 - June 30, 20211,489 85.56 1,489 — 
Total5,017 $84.71 5,017 $— 




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ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS
Exhibit No.Exhibit Description
Exhibit No.Exhibit Description
(Note: None of the instruments defining the rights of holders of State Street's outstanding long-term debt are in respect of indebtedness in excess of 10%of the total assets of State Street and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. State Street hereby agrees to furnish to the SEC upon request a copy of any other instrument with respect to long-term debt of State Street and its subsidiaries.)

32
Section 1350 Certifications
*101.INSXBRL Instance Document
*101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
*101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
*101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
*101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
*101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document
101.INSThe instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document
*101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
*101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
*101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
*101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
*101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document
*104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and included within the Exhibit 101 attachments)
†Denotes management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
*Submitted electronically herewith

Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) consolidated statement of income for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, (ii) consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, (iii) consolidated statement of condition as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, (iv) consolidated statement of changes in shareholders' equity for the ninethree and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, (v) consolidated statement of cash flows for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, and (vi) notes to consolidated financial statements.


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirement of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized. 
STATE STREET CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Date:July 23, 2021By:STATE STREET CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Date:November 1, 2017By:
/s/ ERIC W. ABOAF
Eric W. Aboaf,
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
Date:November 1, 2017July 23, 2021By:
/s/ ELIZABETH MIAN W. SCHAEFER APPLEYARD
Elizabeth M. Schaefer,Ian W. Appleyard,
SeniorExecutive Vice President, DeputyGlobal Controller and Interim Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)



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