UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-1169

THE TIMKEN COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Ohio		34-0577130
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

4500 Mount Pleasant Street NW
North Canton	Ohio	44720-5450
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

234.262.3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Shares, without par value

TKR

The New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common shares, as of the latest practicable date.

Class

Outstanding at ~~June 30, 2022~~July 31, 2023

Common Shares, without par value

~~73,447,492~~71,041,023 shares

Table of Contents

THE TIMKEN COMPANY

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q REPORT


			PAGE
I.	PART I.
	Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2629
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	4549
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	4550
II.	PART II.
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	4651
	Item1A.	Risk Factors	4651
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4651
	Item 5.	Other Information	51
	Item 6.	Exhibits	4752

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THE TIMKEN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,					Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)	(Dollars in millions, except per share data)									(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
Net sales	Net sales	$	1,153.7	$	1,062.9	$	2,278.3	$	2,088.3	Net sales	$	1,272.3	$	1,153.7	$	2,535.1	$	2,278.3
Cost of products sold	Cost of products sold	811.9		760.6		1,609.1		1,486.8		Cost of products sold	866.9		801.3		1,712.9		1,587.6
Gross Profit		341.8		302.3		669.2		601.5

Selling, general and administrative expenses	Selling, general and administrative expenses	155.9		149.0		310.0		293.5		Selling, general and administrative expenses	184.9		155.9		371.7		310.0

Amortization of intangible assets										Amortization of intangible assets	17.3		10.6		30.8		21.5
Impairment and restructuring charges	Impairment and restructuring charges	10.0		1.3		11.0		5.3		Impairment and restructuring charges	2.5		10.0		31.4		11.0

Operating Income	Operating Income	175.9		152.0		348.2		302.7		Operating Income	200.7		175.9		388.3		348.2
Interest expense	Interest expense	(18.3)		(15.3)		(32.6)		(30.2)		Interest expense	(28.3)		(18.3)		(52.4)		(32.6)
Interest income	Interest income	1.0		0.7		1.6		1.2		Interest income	1.9		1.0		3.4		1.6

Non-service pension and other postretirement (expense) income	Non-service pension and other postretirement (expense) income	(7.9)		1.4		(6.6)		5.4		Non-service pension and other postretirement (expense) income	—		(7.9)		0.1		(6.6)
Other expense, net		(1.1)		(2.2)		(0.9)		(1.2)
Other income (expense), net										Other income (expense), net	2.3		(1.1)		5.4		(0.9)
Income Before Income Taxes	Income Before Income Taxes	149.6		136.6		309.7		277.9		Income Before Income Taxes	176.6		149.6		344.8		309.7
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	44.0		29.4		82.2		54.7		Provision for income taxes	47.1		44.0		89.6		82.2
Net Income	Net Income	105.6		107.2		227.5		223.2		Net Income	129.5		105.6		255.2		227.5
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	0.6		2.4		4.3		5.1		Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	4.3		0.6		7.7		4.3
Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company	Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company	$	105.0	$	104.8	$	223.2	$	218.1	Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company	$	125.2	$	105.0	$	247.5	$	223.2

Net Income per Common Share Attributable to The Timken Company Common Shareholders	Net Income per Common Share Attributable to The Timken Company Common Shareholders									Net Income per Common Share Attributable to The Timken Company Common Shareholders
Basic earnings per share	Basic earnings per share	$	1.43	$	1.38	$	3.01	$	2.87	Basic earnings per share	$	1.74	$	1.43	$	3.43	$	3.01

Diluted earnings per share	Diluted earnings per share	$	1.42	$	1.36	$	2.98	$	2.82	Diluted earnings per share	$	1.73	$	1.42	$	3.39	$	2.98

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,					Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022
(Dollars in millions)	(Dollars in millions)									(Dollars in millions)
Net Income	Net Income	$	105.6	$	107.2	$	227.5	$	223.2	Net Income	$	129.5	$	105.6	$	255.2	$	227.5
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:										Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	Foreign currency translation adjustments	(113.1)		23.2		(135.7)		(21.2)		Foreign currency translation adjustments	(27.9)		(113.1)		(0.2)		(135.7)
Pension and postretirement liability adjustments	Pension and postretirement liability adjustments	(1.4)		(1.7)		(2.9)		(3.3)		Pension and postretirement liability adjustments	(1.6)		(1.4)		(3.1)		(2.9)

Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments	Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments	2.2		(0.2)		4.2		2.0		Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments	(0.3)		2.2		(1.1)		4.2
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax		(112.3)		21.3		(134.4)		(22.5)
Comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax		(6.7)		128.5		93.1		200.7
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax										Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(29.8)		(112.3)		(4.4)		(134.4)
Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax										Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	99.7		(6.7)		250.8		93.1
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest	Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest	1.7		1.8		2.8		4.1		Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest	4.0		1.7		7.7		2.8
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to The Timken Company		$	(8.4)	$	126.7	$	90.3	$	196.6
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to The Timken Company										Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to The Timken Company	$	95.7	$	(8.4)	$	243.1	$	90.3

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

Consolidated Balance Sheets


		(Unaudited)					(Unaudited)
(Dollars in millions)	(Dollars in millions)	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		(Dollars in millions)	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Current Assets	Current Assets					Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	305.3	$	257.1	Cash and cash equivalents	$	344.3	$	331.6
Restricted cash	Restricted cash	0.7		0.8		Restricted cash	8.0		9.1
Accounts receivable, less allowances (2022 – $17.5 million; 2021 – $16.9 million)		756.3		626.4
Accounts receivable, less allowances (2023 – $17.9 million; 2022 – $17.9 million)						Accounts receivable, less allowances (2023 – $17.9 million; 2022 – $17.9 million)	811.9		699.6
Unbilled receivables	Unbilled receivables	107.3		104.5		Unbilled receivables	121.8		103.9
Inventories, net	Inventories, net	1,158.0		1,042.7		Inventories, net	1,251.7		1,191.3
Deferred charges and prepaid expenses	Deferred charges and prepaid expenses	40.5		32.2		Deferred charges and prepaid expenses	45.4		44.4
Other current assets	Other current assets	112.3		149.8		Other current assets	127.7		124.1

Total Current Assets	Total Current Assets	2,480.4		2,213.5		Total Current Assets	2,710.8		2,504.0
Property, Plant and Equipment, net	Property, Plant and Equipment, net	1,096.1		1,055.3		Property, Plant and Equipment, net	1,255.5		1,207.4
Other Assets	Other Assets					Other Assets
Goodwill	Goodwill	1,015.1		1,022.7		Goodwill	1,198.4		1,098.3
Other intangible assets	Other intangible assets	648.1		668.8		Other intangible assets	876.1		765.3
Operating lease assets	Operating lease assets	109.1		118.9		Operating lease assets	111.9		101.4

Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	64.1		67.6		Deferred income taxes	70.3		71.0
Other non-current assets	Other non-current assets	29.6		23.9		Other non-current assets	28.3		25.0

Total Other Assets	Total Other Assets	1,866.0		1,901.9		Total Other Assets	2,285.0		2,061.0
Total Assets	Total Assets	$	5,442.5	$	5,170.7	Total Assets	$	6,251.3	$	5,772.4
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND EQUITY					LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities	Current Liabilities					Current Liabilities

Accounts payable, trade	Accounts payable, trade	397.2		430.0		Accounts payable, trade	392.2		403.9
Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt	Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt	81.6		53.8		Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt	53.2		49.0
Salaries, wages and benefits	Salaries, wages and benefits	135.4		136.0		Salaries, wages and benefits	135.2		155.3
Income taxes payable	Income taxes payable	36.4		26.2		Income taxes payable	77.8		51.3

Other current liabilities	Other current liabilities	269.9		250.6		Other current liabilities	364.0		352.9

Total Current Liabilities	Total Current Liabilities	920.5		896.6		Total Current Liabilities	1,022.4		1,012.4
Non-Current Liabilities	Non-Current Liabilities					Non-Current Liabilities
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	1,734.3		1,411.1		Long-term debt	2,046.5		1,914.2
Accrued pension benefits	Accrued pension benefits	164.0		155.6		Accrued pension benefits	161.3		160.3
Accrued postretirement benefits	Accrued postretirement benefits	44.7		45.8		Accrued postretirement benefits	31.5		31.4
Long-term operating lease liabilities	Long-term operating lease liabilities	70.8		77.6		Long-term operating lease liabilities	70.3		65.2
Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	120.5		121.4		Deferred income taxes	167.3		139.8
Other non-current liabilities	Other non-current liabilities	98.5		84.9		Other non-current liabilities	102.0		96.2

Total Non-Current Liabilities	Total Non-Current Liabilities	2,232.8		1,896.4		Total Non-Current Liabilities	2,578.9		2,407.1
Shareholders’ Equity	Shareholders’ Equity					Shareholders’ Equity
Class I and II Serial Preferred Stock, without par value:	Class I and II Serial Preferred Stock, without par value:					Class I and II Serial Preferred Stock, without par value:
Authorized – 10,000,000 shares each class, none issued	Authorized – 10,000,000 shares each class, none issued	—		—		Authorized – 10,000,000 shares each class, none issued	—		—
Common shares, without par value:	Common shares, without par value:					Common shares, without par value:
Authorized – 200,000,000 shares	Authorized – 200,000,000 shares					Authorized – 200,000,000 shares
Issued (including shares in treasury) (2022 – 77,532,871 shares; 2021 – 77,090,104 shares)
Issued (including shares in treasury) (2023 – 78,546,583 shares; 2022 – 77,767,640 shares)						Issued (including shares in treasury) (2023 – 78,546,583 shares; 2022 – 77,767,640 shares)
Stated capital	Stated capital	40.7		40.7		Stated capital	40.7		40.7
Other paid-in capital	Other paid-in capital	804.1		786.9��		Other paid-in capital	1,058.4		829.6
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	1,793.2		1,616.4		Retained earnings	2,132.2		1,932.1
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(155.9)		(23.0)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(178.2)		(181.9)
Treasury shares at cost (2022 – 4,085,379 shares; 2021 – 1,715,282 shares)		(278.5)		(126.1)
Treasury shares at cost (2023 – 7,304,483 shares; 2022 – 5,188,257 shares)						Treasury shares at cost (2023 – 7,304,483 shares; 2022 – 5,188,257 shares)	(521.8)		(352.2)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	Total Shareholders’ Equity	2,203.6		2,294.9		Total Shareholders’ Equity	2,531.3		2,268.3
Noncontrolling Interest	Noncontrolling Interest	85.6		82.8		Noncontrolling Interest	118.7		84.6
Total Equity	Total Equity	2,289.2		2,377.7		Total Equity	2,650.0		2,352.9
Total Liabilities and Equity	Total Liabilities and Equity	$	5,442.5	$	5,170.7	Total Liabilities and Equity	$	6,251.3	$	5,772.4

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)


		Six Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021			2023		2022
(Dollars in millions)	(Dollars in millions)					(Dollars in millions)
CASH PROVIDED (USED)	CASH PROVIDED (USED)					CASH PROVIDED (USED)
Operating Activities	Operating Activities					Operating Activities
Net income	Net income	$	227.5	$	223.2	Net income	$	255.2	$	227.5
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:	Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:					Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	82.1		85.2		Depreciation and amortization	96.8		82.1
Impairment charges	Impairment charges	8.8		4.5		Impairment charges	28.3		8.8
Loss on sale of assets	Loss on sale of assets	0.8		0.7		Loss on sale of assets	1.2		0.8

Gain on divestitures						Gain on divestitures	(3.6)		—

Acquisition-related gain		—		(0.6)
Deferred income tax provision (benefit)		1.7		(5.8)
Deferred income tax provision						Deferred income tax provision	2.8		1.7
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	15.6		12.5		Stock-based compensation expense	17.1		15.6
Pension and other postretirement expense	Pension and other postretirement expense	11.2		0.5		Pension and other postretirement expense	1.1		11.2
Pension and other postretirement benefit contributions and payments	Pension and other postretirement benefit contributions and payments	(8.1)		(15.0)		Pension and other postretirement benefit contributions and payments	(7.2)		(8.1)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:	Changes in operating assets and liabilities:					Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	Accounts receivable	(149.3)		(125.8)		Accounts receivable	(87.4)		(149.3)
Unbilled receivables	Unbilled receivables	(2.9)		10.4		Unbilled receivables	(17.7)		(2.9)
Inventories	Inventories	(126.1)		(81.4)		Inventories	15.3		(126.1)
Accounts payable, trade	Accounts payable, trade	(6.1)		41.2		Accounts payable, trade	(14.9)		(6.1)
Other accrued expenses	Other accrued expenses	16.6		30.8		Other accrued expenses	(29.1)		16.6
Income taxes	Income taxes	12.1		(1.6)		Income taxes	(32.3)		12.1
Other, net	Other, net	(6.8)		—		Other, net	(3.0)		(6.8)

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	77.1		178.8		Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	222.6		77.1
Investing Activities	Investing Activities					Investing Activities
Capital expenditures	Capital expenditures	(75.2)		(60.5)		Capital expenditures	(91.3)		(75.2)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired of $0.2 million		(152.3)		0.1
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired						Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(324.6)		(152.3)
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment	Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment	3.1		—		Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment	0.3		—

Proceeds from divestitures, net of cash divested						Proceeds from divestitures, net of cash divested	4.5		3.1
Investments in short-term marketable securities, net	Investments in short-term marketable securities, net	23.4		(13.8)		Investments in short-term marketable securities, net	(0.8)		23.4
Other, net	Other, net	2.3		0.3		Other, net	(0.1)		2.3

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(198.7)		(73.9)		Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(412.0)		(198.7)
Financing Activities	Financing Activities					Financing Activities
Cash dividends paid to shareholders	Cash dividends paid to shareholders	(46.4)		(46.7)		Cash dividends paid to shareholders	(47.4)		(46.4)
Purchase of treasury shares	Purchase of treasury shares	(144.3)		(26.3)		Purchase of treasury shares	(154.5)		(144.3)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	Proceeds from exercise of stock options	1.6		25.4		Proceeds from exercise of stock options	17.2		1.6
Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(8.1)		(23.5)		Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(15.1)		(8.1)
Borrowings on accounts receivable facility	Borrowings on accounts receivable facility	122.0		66.1		Borrowings on accounts receivable facility	29.0		122.0
Payments on accounts receivable facility	Payments on accounts receivable facility	(122.0)		(124.1)		Payments on accounts receivable facility	(29.0)		(122.0)
Proceeds from long-term debt	Proceeds from long-term debt	684.5		135.0		Proceeds from long-term debt	768.9		684.5
Payments on long-term debt	Payments on long-term debt	(344.8)		(141.4)		Payments on long-term debt	(643.5)		(344.8)
Deferred financing costs	Deferred financing costs	(3.5)		—		Deferred financing costs	—		(3.5)
Short-term debt activity, net	Short-term debt activity, net	31.9		16.6		Short-term debt activity, net	(1.4)		31.9

Proceeds from the sale of shares in Timken India Limited						Proceeds from the sale of shares in Timken India Limited	284.8		—
Other	Other	6.5		—		Other	—		6.5

Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities		177.4		(118.9)
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities						Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities	209.0		177.4
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(7.7)		(0.8)		Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(8.0)		(7.7)
Increase (Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash		48.1		(14.8)
Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash						Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	11.6		48.1
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year	Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year	257.9		321.1		Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year	340.7		257.9
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period	Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period	$	306.0	$	306.3	Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period	$	352.3	$	306.0

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Table of Contents

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

(Dollars in millions, except per share data)

Note 1 - Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for The Timken Company (the "Company" or "Timken") have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all of the information and notes required by the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) and disclosures considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

The Company previously classified intangible asset amortization expense within cost of products sold in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Income. Intangible asset amortization expense is now classified separately. The 2022 presentation has been revised to conform to the 2023 presentation resulting in a reduction in the cost of products sold for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies

The Company's significant accounting policies are detailed in "Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies" of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

New Accounting Guidance Adopted:

In ~~October 2021,~~September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") ~~ASU 2021-08, "Business Combinations (Topic 805), Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers.~~2022-04, "Liabilities - Supplier Finance Programs (Subtopic 405-50)." ASU ~~2021-08 requires contract assets~~2022-04 is intended to establish disclosures that enhance the transparency of a supplier finance program used by an entity in connection with the purchase of goods and ~~contract liabilities acquired~~services. Supplier finance programs, which also may be referred to as reverse factoring, payables finance or structured payables arrangements, allow a buyer to offer its suppliers the option for access to payment in advance of an invoice due date, which is paid by a third-party finance provider or intermediary. Under the guidance, a buyer in a ~~business combination to be recognized in accordance with ASC Topic 606 as if the acquirer had originated the contracts. This~~supplier finance program would disclose qualitative and quantitative information about its supplier finance programs. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal ~~years.~~years, except for the amendment on rollforward information, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted. ~~The Company adopted ASU 2021-08 effective January 1, 2022, and~~ Refer to Note 12 - Supply Chain Financing inthe ~~impact of the adoption was not material~~Notes to the ~~Company's results of operations and financial condition.~~Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

~~New Accounting Guidance Issued and Not Yet Adopted:~~

In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10, "Government Assistance (Topic 832)." ASU 2021-10 is intended to increase transparency of government assistance by requiring entities to disclose the types of government assistance, the entity's accounting for government assistance, and the effect of the government assistance on an entity's financial statements. This new guidance is effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its disclosures.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting." ASU 2020-04 is intended to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the U.S. GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burden related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. This guidance is available immediately and may be implemented in any period prior to the guidance expiration on December 31, 2022. The Company is currently assessing which of its various contracts will require an update for a new reference rate and will determine the timing for implementation of this guidance after completing that analysis.

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Note 3 - Acquisitions and Divestitures

~~On May 31, 2022,~~Acquisitions:

During the first six months of 2023, the Company completed two acquisitions. On April 4, 2023, the ~~acquisition of Spinea, s.r.o.~~Company acquired Leonardo Top S.a.r.l. ("~~Spinea"~~Nadella"), a leading European ~~technology leader and~~ manufacturer of ~~highly engineered cycloidal reduction gears~~linear guides, telescopic rails, actuators and ~~actuators, with estimated 2022 full year sales~~systems and other specialized industrial motion solutions, from ICG plc. Based in Italy, Nadella employs approximately 450 people and operates manufacturing facilities in Europe and China. Nadella reported revenue of approximately ~~$40.0 million. Spinea’s solutions primarily serve high-precision automation and robotics applications~~€100 million in 2022. Results for Nadella are reported in the ~~factory automation sector. Spinea is located~~Industrial Motion segment. On January 31, 2023, the Company acquired the assets of American Roller Bearing Company ("ARB"), a North Carolina-based manufacturer of industrial bearings. ARB, which boasts a large U.S. installed base and strong aftermarket business, operates manufacturing facilities in ~~Presov, Slovakia.~~Hiddenite and Morganton, North Carolina. ARB reported revenue of approximately $35 million in 2022. Results for ARB are reported in the Engineered Bearings segment. The total purchase price for ~~this acquisition~~these acquisitions was ~~$152.3~~$326.9 million, net of cash acquired of ~~$0.2~~$21.0 million. The Company incurred acquisition-related costs of $2.7 million ~~subject~~ to ~~customary post closing adjustments. Based on markets and customers served, results for Spinea are reported in the Process Industries segment.~~complete these acquisitions.

The following table presents the preliminary purchase price allocation at fair value for the ~~Spinea acquisition~~2023 acquisitions as of June 30, ~~2022.~~2023.


	Initial Purchase Price Allocation
Assets:

Accounts receivable	$	~~2.1~~25.0
Inventories	~~20.9~~72.6
Other current assets	~~2.9~~5.3
Property, plant and equipment	~~82.6~~34.1

Goodwill	~~39.0~~121.3
Other intangible assets	~~31.7~~136.7
Other non-current assets	4.9
Total assets acquired	$	~~179.2~~399.9
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, trade	$	~~7.4~~15.3
Salaries, wages and benefits	~~1.4~~4.7
Income taxes payable	4.1
Other current liabilities	~~1.2~~6.4
Short-term debt	~~0.1~~5.0
Long-term debt	~~0.2~~6.0


Deferred income taxes	~~1.0~~27.7
Other non-current liabilities	~~15.6~~3.8
Total liabilities assumed	$	~~26.9~~73.0
Net assets acquired	$	~~152.3~~326.9

~~The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation for identifiable intangible assets acquired in 2022:~~


	~~Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation~~
			~~Weighted - Average Life~~
~~Trade names~~	$	~~8.2~~	~~20 years~~
~~Technology and know-how~~	~~6.1~~		~~6 years~~
~~Customer relationships~~	~~17.2~~		~~17 years~~
~~Capitalized software~~	~~0.2~~		~~2 years~~
~~Total intangible assets~~	$	~~31.7~~

In determining the fair value of the amounts above, the Company utilized various forms of the income, cost and market approaches depending on the asset or liability being valued. The estimation of fair value required judgement related to future net cash flows, discount rates, competitive trends, market comparisons and other factors. Inputs were generally determined by taking into account independent appraisals and historical data, supplemented by current and anticipated market conditions.

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Note 3 - Acquisitions and Divestitures (continued)

The amounts in the table above represent the preliminary purchase price allocation for ~~Spinea.~~the 2023 acquisitions. This purchase price allocation, including the residual amount allocated to goodwill, is based on preliminary information and is subject to change as additional information concerning final asset and liability valuations are ~~obtained.~~obtained and management completes its reassessment of the measurement period procedures based on the results of the preliminary valuation. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, no elements of the purchase price allocation have been finalized. During the applicable measurement period, the Company will adjust assets and liabilities if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted in revised estimated values of those assets or liabilities as of that date. The effect of measurement period adjustments to the estimated fair values will be reflected as if the adjustments has been completed on the acquisition date.

On August 20, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of the assets of Intelligent Machine Solutions ("iMS"), a manufacturer of industrial robotics and automation solutions, with annual sales of approximately $6.0 million. iMS is headquartered in Norton Shores, Michigan. The total purchase price for this acquisition was ~~$7.7 million, including post-closing adjustments. In addition, the seller has the opportunity to earn~~ $3.0 million of contingent performance-based consideration between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024. This additional component will be accounted for as compensation expense over that period. Based on markets and customers served, results for iMS are primarily reported in the Process Industries segment.

The following table ~~presents~~summarizes the ~~final~~preliminary purchase price allocation at fair value for ~~the iMS acquisition:~~identifiable intangible assets acquired in 2023.


	~~Final Purchase Price Allocation~~2023
			~~Total assets acquired~~Weighted- Average Life

Trade names	$	~~9.8~~18.8	15 years
~~Total liabilities assumed~~Technology and know-how	~~2.1~~29.4		15 years
~~Net~~Customer relationships	88.4		9 years

Capitalized software	0.1		2 years
Total intangible assets ~~acquired~~	$	~~7.7~~136.7

On November 4, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of GGB Bearing Technology ("GGB"), a global technology and market leader of premium engineered metal-polymer plain bearings, for $300.2 million, net of cash acquired of $19.7 million. GGB's revenue was approximately $200 million for the full year 2022. GGB's products are used mainly in industrial applications, including pumps and compressors, HVAC, off-highway, energy, material handling and aerospace. With manufacturing facilities across the United States, Europe and China, GGB employs approximately 900 people and has a global engineering, distribution and sales footprint. Results for GGB are reported in the Engineered Bearings segment.

On May 31, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of Spinea, s.r.o. ("Spinea"), a European technology leader and manufacturer of highly engineered cycloidal reduction gears and actuators, with full year 2022 sales of approximately $40 million. Spinea’s solutions primarily serve high-precision automation and robotics applications in the factory automation platform. Spinea is located in Presov, Slovakia. The purchase price for this acquisition was $151.2 million, net of cash acquired of $0.2 million. Results for Spinea are reported in the Industrial Motion segment.

~~Note 4 - Revenue~~

~~The following table presents details deemed most relevant to the users of the financial statements about total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:~~

Three Months Ended Three Months Ended
June 30, 2022 June 30, 2021
Mobile Process Total Mobile Process Total
United States $ 270.3 $ 229.9 $ 500.2 $ 237.4 $ 201.6 $ 439.0
Americas excluding the United States 63.7 64.6 128.3 52.3 49.1 101.4
Europe / Middle East / Africa 118.1 141.8 259.9 124.3 137.2 261.5
China 31.2 123.7 154.9 32.2 138.4 170.6
Asia-Pacific excluding China 60.3 50.1 110.4 48.0 42.4 90.4
Net sales $ 543.6 $ 610.1 $ 1,153.7 $ 494.2 $ 568.7 $ 1,062.9

Six Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, 2022 June 30, 2021
Mobile Process Total Mobile Process Total
United States $ 532.5 $ 456.5 $ 989.0 $ 480.3 $ 387.8 $ 868.1
Americas excluding the United States 121.8 119.7 241.5 101.1 92.3 193.4
Europe / Middle East / Africa 247.5 277.4 524.9 251.4 264.4 515.8
China 61.9 244.4 306.3 66.6 262.7 329.3
Asia-Pacific excluding China 120.3 96.3 216.6 99.3 82.4 181.7
Net sales $ 1,084.0 $ 1,194.3 $ 2,278.3 $ 998.7 $ 1,089.6 $ 2,088.3

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Note 43 - ~~Revenue~~Acquisitions and Divestitures (continued)

~~When reviewing revenue by sales channel, the Company separates net sales to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") from sales to distributors and end users.~~ The following table presents the ~~percent~~updated purchase price allocation at fair value, net of ~~revenue by sales channel~~cash acquired, for the 2022 acquisitions, as of June 30, 2023:


	Initial Purchase Price Allocation		Adjustments		Updated Purchase Price Allocation
Assets:

Accounts receivable	$	30.6	$	0.1	$	30.7
Inventories	52.3		(0.3)		52.0
Other current assets	7.6		—		7.6
Property, plant and equipment	153.6		(4.7)		148.9

Goodwill	106.9		(1.4)		105.5
Other intangible assets	182.6		(0.8)		181.8
Other assets	12.1		3.9		16.0
Total assets acquired	$	545.7	$	(3.2)	$	542.5
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, trade	$	16.8	$	(0.5)	$	16.3
Salaries, wages and benefits	11.8		—		11.8
Income taxes payable	3.2		—		3.2
Other current liabilities	7.0		(1.0)		6.0


Accrued pension benefits	3.2		0.3		3.5

Deferred income taxes	30.0		—		30.0
Other non-current liabilities	20.0		0.3		20.3
Total liabilities assumed	$	92.0	$	(0.9)	$	91.1
Net assets acquired	$	453.7	$	(2.3)	$	451.4

The above purchase price allocation, including the residual amount allocated to goodwill, is based on preliminary information and is subject to change as additional information concerning final asset and liability valuations is obtained. The purchase price allocation for Spinea was finalized during the second quarter of 2023. The purchase price allocation for GGB is preliminary pending the continued evaluation of real estate and other property, plant and equipment assets, as well as the related impacts on deferred income taxes. During the measurement period, the Company will adjust assets and liabilities if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted in revised estimated values of those assets or liabilities as of that date. The effect of measurement period adjustments to the estimated fair values will be reflected as if the adjustments had been completed on the acquisition date.

Divestitures:

On February 28, 2023, the Company completed the sale of all of its membership interests in S.E. Setco Services Company, LLC ("SE Setco"), a 50% owned joint venture. The Company had accounted for SE Setco as an equity method investment prior to the sale. The Company received $5.7 million in cash proceeds for SE Setco and recognized a pretax gain of $4.8 million on the sale. The gain was reflected in other income, net in the Consolidated Statement of Income.

On November 1, 2022, the Company completed the divestiture of Timken Aerospace Drive Systems, LLC ("ADS"). The Company recorded proceeds of $33.0 million on the sale of the business. For the first six months ~~ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:~~

Six Months Ended Six Months Ended
Revenue by sales channel June 30, 2022 June 30, 2021
Original equipment manufacturers 60% 61%
Distribution/end users 40% 39%

~~In addition to disaggregating revenue by segment, geography and by sales channel as shown above,~~of 2023, the Company believes information about the timing of transfer of goods or services, type of customer and distinguishing service revenue from product sales is also relevant. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, approximately ~~9%, respectively,~~ ~~of total net sales were recognized on an over-time basis because of the continuous transfer of control~~recorded a loss $1.2 million due to the ~~customer, with the remainder recognized as~~payment of a ~~point in time. Approximately~~ ~~4% of t~~otal net sales represented service revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, respectively. Finally, business with the United States ("U.S.") government or its contractors represented approximately 6% and 7% ~~of total net sales during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, respectively.~~working capital adjustment.

~~Remaining Performance Obligations:~~

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of orders meeting the definition of a contract for which work has not been performed and excludes unexercised contract options. Performance obligations having a duration of more than one year are concentrated in contracts for certain products and services provided to the U.S. government or its contractors. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations for such contracts with a duration of more than one year was approximately ~~$245.5 million at June 30, 2022.~~

~~Unbilled Receivables:~~

~~The following table contains a rollforward of unbilled receivables for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2021:~~

June 30,
2022 December 31,
2021
Beginning balance, January 1 $ 104.5 $ 110.9
Additional unbilled revenue recognized 201.5 383.0
Less: amounts billed to customers (198.7) (389.4)
Ending balance $ 107.3 $ 104.5

~~There were no impairment losses recorded on unbilled receivables for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021.~~

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Note 54 - Segment Information

The primary measurement used by management to measure the financial performance of each segment is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA").

Three Months Ended
June 30, Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net sales:
Mobile Industries $ 543.6 $ 494.2 $ 1,084.0 $ 998.7
Process Industries 610.1 568.7 1,194.3 1,089.6
Net sales $ 1,153.7 $ 1,062.9 $ 2,278.3 $ 2,088.3
Segment EBITDA:
Mobile Industries $ 69.1 $ 67.3 $ 144.2 $ 146.9
Process Industries 163.5 141.2 319.1 272.2
Total EBITDA, for reportable segments $ 232.6 $ 208.5 $ 463.3 $ 419.1
Unallocated corporate expense (13.4) (11.6) (26.3) (23.2)
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (1)
(11.6) (3.5) (14.2) (4.4)
Acquisition-related gain (2)
— — — 0.6
Depreciation and amortization (40.7) (42.2) (82.1) (85.2)
Interest expense (18.3) (15.3) (32.6) (30.2)
Interest income 1.0 0.7 1.6 1.2
Income before income taxes $ 149.6 $ 136.6 $ 309.7 $ 277.9
Effective January 1, 2023, the Company began operating under new reportable segments. The Company’s two reportable segments are Engineered Bearings and Industrial Motion. Segment results for 2022 have been revised to conform to the 2023 presentation of segments.


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net sales:
Engineered Bearings	$	857.2	$	798.3	$	1,757.9	$	1,570.7
Industrial Motion	415.1		355.4		777.2		707.6
Net sales	$	1,272.3	$	1,153.7	$	2,535.1	$	2,278.3
Segment EBITDA:
Engineered Bearings	$	185.5	$	167.5	$	390.5	$	335.8
Industrial Motion	80.9		65.1		129.1		127.5
Total EBITDA, for reportable segments	$	266.4	$	232.6	$	519.6	$	463.3
Unallocated corporate expense	(13.2)		(13.4)		(30.9)		(26.3)
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related income (expense) (1)	1.0		(11.6)		1.9		(14.2)

Depreciation and amortization	(51.2)		(40.7)		(96.8)		(82.1)
Interest expense	(28.3)		(18.3)		(52.4)		(32.6)
Interest income	1.9		1.0		3.4		1.6
Income before income taxes	$	176.6	$	149.6	$	344.8	$	309.7

(1) Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related ~~expense~~income (expense) represents actuarial ~~(losses)~~gains and ~~gains~~(losses) that resulted from the remeasurement of pension and other postretirement plan assets and obligations as a result of changes in assumptions or experience.


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets by Segment:
Engineered Bearings	$	3,387.3	$	3,270.3
Industrial Motion	2,435.7		2,070.1
Corporate (2)	428.3		432.0
	$	6,251.3	$	5,772.4

(2) Corporate assets include corporate buildings and cash and cash equivalents.

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Note 5 - Revenue

The ~~acquisition-related gain represents measurement period adjustments~~following table presents details deemed most relevant to the ~~bargain purchase gain~~users of the financial statements about total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2023						June 30, 2022
	Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total		Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total
United States	$	317.6	$	218.8	$	536.4	$	302.0	$	197.7	$	499.7
Americas excluding the United States	96.0		27.9		123.9		104.6		24.3		128.9
Europe / Middle East / Africa	175.6		136.6		312.2		155.7		104.0		259.7
China	156.5		22.9		179.4		133.3		21.7		155.0
Asia-Pacific excluding China	111.5		8.9		120.4		102.7		7.7		110.4
Net sales	$	857.2	$	415.1	$	1,272.3	$	798.3	$	355.4	$	1,153.7

	Six Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2023						June 30, 2022
	Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total		Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total
United States	$	658.5	$	413.1	$	1,071.6	$	591.8	$	396.5	$	988.3
Americas excluding the United States	188.2		55.8		244.0		197.0		45.1		242.1
Europe / Middle East / Africa	359.5		250.4		609.9		318.3		206.5		524.8
China	314.9		39.2		354.1		262.6		43.8		306.4
Asia-Pacific excluding China	236.8		18.7		255.5		201.0		15.7		216.7
Net sales	$	1,757.9	$	777.2	$	2,535.1	$	1,570.7	$	707.6	$	2,278.3

When reviewing revenue by sales channel, the Company separates net sales to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") from sales to distributors and end users. The following table presents the approximate percent of revenue by sales channel for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:


	Six Months Ended	Six Months Ended
Revenue by sales channel	June 30, 2023	June 30, 2022
Original equipment manufacturers	60%	60%
Distribution/end users	40%	40%

In addition to disaggregating revenue by segment, geography and by sales channel as shown above, the Company believes information about the timing of transfer of goods or services, type of customer and distinguishing service revenue from product sales is also relevant. During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022, approximately 8% and 9%, respectively, of total net sales were recognized on an over-time basis because of the ~~acquisition~~continuous transfer of ~~Aurora Bearing Company~~control to the customer, with the remainder recognized as of a point in time. Approximately 4% of total net sales represented service revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022. Finally, business with the United States ("~~Aurora"~~U.S."), government or its contractors represented approximately 6% of total net sales during each of the six months ended June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022.

Remaining Performance Obligations:

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of orders meeting the definition of a contract for which ~~closed~~work has not been performed and excludes unexercised contract options. Performance obligations having a duration of more than one year are concentrated in contracts for certain products and services provided to the U.S. government or its contractors. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations for such contracts with a duration of more than one year was approximately $216.0 million at June 30, 2023.

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Note 5 - Revenue(continued)

Unbilled Receivables:

The following table contains a rollforward of unbilled receivables for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2022:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Beginning balance, January 1	$	103.9	$	104.5
Additional unbilled revenue recognized	207.6		396.2
Less: amounts billed to customers	(189.7)		(370.5)
Less: unbilled receivables reclassified to assets held for sale	—		(26.3)

Ending balance	$	121.8	$	103.9

There were no impairment losses recorded on ~~November~~unbilled receivables for the six months ended June 30, ~~2020.~~2023 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2022.

Deferred Revenue:

The following table contains a rollforward of deferred revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2022:


	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Beginning balance, January 1	$	54.3	$	35.8
Revenue (cash) received in advance	105.7		54.8
Less: revenue recognized	(104.6)		(36.3)
Ending balance	$	55.4	$	54.3

Note 6 - Income Taxes

The Company's provision for income taxes in interim periods is computed by applying the estimated annual effective tax rates to income or loss before income taxes for the period. In addition, non-recurring or discrete items are recorded during the period(s) in which they occur.


		Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,							Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022			2021			2022			2021				2023			2022			2023			2022
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	$	44.0		$	29.4		$	82.2		$	54.7		Provision for income taxes	$	47.1		$	44.0		$	89.6		$	82.2
Effective tax rate	Effective tax rate	29.4		%	21.5		%	26.5		%	19.7		%	Effective tax rate	26.7		%	29.4		%	26.0		%	26.5		%

Income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 was calculated using forecasted multi-jurisdictional annual effective tax rates to determine a blended annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the projected mix of earnings in ~~international~~non-U.S. jurisdictions with relatively higher tax rates.

The effective tax rate of ~~29.4%~~26.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was lower than the effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2022 ~~was higher than the rate for the three months ended June 30, 2021~~ primarily due to ~~an unfavorable mix of earnings in higher tax rate jurisdictions,~~ the net ~~unfavorable~~favorable impact of discrete tax items ~~and lower deductions for stock-based compensation.~~in comparison to the year ago period, partially offset by an increase in the mix of earnings in non-U.S. jurisdictions with relatively higher tax rates.

The effective tax rate of ~~26.5%~~26.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was lower than the effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2022 ~~was higher than the rate for the six months ended June 30, 2021~~ primarily due to ~~an unfavorable mix of earnings in higher tax rate jurisdictions,~~ the net ~~unfavorable~~favorable impact of discrete tax items ~~including a discrete tax benefit~~in comparison to the year ago period, partially offset by an increase in the ~~prior year~~mix of earnings in ~~connection~~non-U.S. jurisdictions with ~~the settlement of the 2017 and 2018 U.S. federal~~relatively higher tax ~~years during the six months ended June 30, 2021, and lower deductions for stock-based compensation.~~rates.

810

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Note 7 - Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the numerator and the denominator of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively:


		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,					Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator:	Numerator:									Numerator:
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	105.0	$	104.8	$	223.2	$	218.1	Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	125.2	$	105.0	$	247.5	$	223.2
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested stock		—		—		—		—
Net income available to common shareholders for basic and diluted earnings per share		$	105.0	$	104.8	$	223.2	$	218.1

Denominator:	Denominator:									Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic	Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic	73,660,410		76,122,257		74,234,300		75,969,569		Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic	71,882,843		73,660,410		72,162,267		74,234,300
Effect of dilutive securities:	Effect of dilutive securities:									Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and awards - based on the treasury stock method	Stock options and awards - based on the treasury stock method	522,383		1,131,900		642,948		1,288,192		Stock options and awards - based on the treasury stock method	630,148		522,383		745,537		642,948
Weighted average number of shares outstanding assuming dilution of stock options and awards	Weighted average number of shares outstanding assuming dilution of stock options and awards	74,182,793		77,254,157		74,877,248		77,257,761		Weighted average number of shares outstanding assuming dilution of stock options and awards	72,512,991		74,182,793		72,907,804		74,877,248
Basic earnings per share	Basic earnings per share	$	1.43	$	1.38	$	3.01	$	2.87	Basic earnings per share	$	1.74	$	1.43	$	3.43	$	3.01
Diluted earnings per share	Diluted earnings per share	$	1.42	$	1.36	$	2.98	$	2.82	Diluted earnings per share	$	1.73	$	1.42	$	3.39	$	2.98

The dilutive effect of performance-based restricted stock units are included once they meet minimum performance thresholds. The dilutive effect of stock options ~~and awards~~ includes all outstanding stock options ~~and awards~~ except stock options that are considered antidilutive. Stock options are antidilutive when the exercise price exceeds the average market price of the Company’s common shares during the periods presented. There were no antidilutive stock options outstanding during the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022.

Note 8 - Inventories

The components of inventories at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 were as follows:


		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Manufacturing supplies	Manufacturing supplies	$	39.6	$	38.0	Manufacturing supplies	$	42.8	$	41.7
Raw materials	Raw materials	121.9		121.8		Raw materials	140.9		132.0
Work in process	Work in process	469.4		418.4		Work in process	502.4		491.2
Finished products	Finished products	594.9		527.8		Finished products	642.8		584.8
Subtotal	Subtotal	1,225.8		1,106.0		Subtotal	1,328.9		1,249.7
Allowance for obsolete and surplus inventory	Allowance for obsolete and surplus inventory	(67.8)		(63.3)		Allowance for obsolete and surplus inventory	(77.2)		(58.4)
Total inventories, net	Total inventories, net	$	1,158.0	$	1,042.7	Total inventories, net	$	1,251.7	$	1,191.3

Inventories are valued at net realizable value, with approximately ~~58%~~61% valued on the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method and the remaining ~~42%~~39% valued on the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") method. The majority of the Company's ~~domestic~~U.S. inventories are valued on the LIFO ~~method, and all the~~method. The Company's ~~international~~non-U.S. inventories are valued on the FIFO method.

The LIFO reserve at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$216.7~~$236.1 million and ~~$199.4~~$235.4 million, respectively. An actual valuation of the inventory under the LIFO method can be made only at the end of each year based on the inventory levels and costs at that time. Accordingly, interim LIFO calculations are based on management’s estimates of expected year-end inventory levels and costs. Because these calculations are subject to many factors beyond management’s control, annual results may differ from interim results as they are subject to the final year-end LIFO inventory valuation.

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Note 9 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The Company tests goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually, performing its annual impairment test as of October 1st. Furthermore, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

In connection with the adoption of new reportable segments, goodwill was reallocated to new reporting units based on relative fair value at the reporting unit level. The Engineered Bearings segment has one reporting unit and the Industrial Motion segment has six reporting units.

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 were as follows:


		Mobile Industries		Process Industries		Total			Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total
Beginning balance	Beginning balance	$	371.7	$	651.0	$	1,022.7	Beginning balance	$	679.8	$	418.5	$	1,098.3
Acquisitions	Acquisitions	—		39.0		39.0		Acquisitions	—		121.3		121.3

Impairment loss								Impairment loss	—		(28.3)		(28.3)
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other changes	Foreign currency translation adjustments and other changes	(19.4)		(27.2)		(46.6)		Foreign currency translation adjustments and other changes	2.6		4.5		7.1
Ending balance	Ending balance	$	352.3	$	662.8	$	1,015.1	Ending balance	$	682.4	$	516.0	$	1,198.4

During the first quarter of 2023, the Company reviewed goodwill for impairment for its reporting units due to the change in reporting segments that went into effect January 1, 2023. The ~~acquisition~~Company utilizes both an income approach and a market approach in testing goodwill for impairment. The Company utilized updated forecasts for the income approach as part of ~~Spinea added $39.0~~the goodwill impairment review. Based on the earnings and cash flow forecasts for the Belts and Chain reporting unit within the Industrial Motion segment, the Company determined that the reporting unit could not support the carrying value of its goodwill. As a result, the Company recorded a pretax impairment loss of $28.3 million during the first quarter of ~~goodwill. The goodwill is expected to be 100% tax deductible.~~2023, which was reported in impairment and restructuring charges on the Consolidated Statement of Income.

The following table displays intangible assets as of June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


		Balance at June 30, 2022						Balance at December 31, 2021							Balance at June 30, 2023						Balance at December 31, 2022
		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount			Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Intangible assets subject to amortization:	Intangible assets subject to amortization:													Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	Customer relationships	$	514.9	$	(197.7)	$	317.2	$	518.1	$	(189.3)	$	328.8	Customer relationships	$	655.8	$	(201.3)	$	454.5	$	561.5	$	(183.2)	$	378.3
Technology and know-how	Technology and know-how	265.9		(92.0)		173.9		270.7		(86.6)		184.1		Technology and know-how	301.2		(90.1)		211.1		273.1		(80.4)		192.7
Trade names	Trade names	20.6		(8.6)		12.0		14.3		(9.6)		4.7		Trade names	50.6		(9.8)		40.8		18.4		(8.7)		9.7
Capitalized software	Capitalized software	283.7		(264.1)		19.6		280.0		(261.3)		18.7		Capitalized software	290.0		(267.0)		23.0		288.4		(266.3)		22.1
Other	Other	3.2		(2.5)		0.7		4.7		(3.6)		1.1		Other	7.6		(5.4)		2.2		3.3		(2.3)		1.0
		$	1,088.3	$	(564.9)	$	523.4	$	1,087.8	$	(550.4)	$	537.4		$	1,305.2	$	(573.6)	$	731.6	$	1,144.7	$	(540.9)	$	603.8
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:	Intangible assets not subject to amortization:													Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Trade names	Trade names	$	116.0			$	116.0	$	122.7			$	122.7	Trade names	$	135.8			$	135.8	$	152.8			$	152.8
FAA air agency certificates	FAA air agency certificates	8.7				8.7		8.7				8.7		FAA air agency certificates	8.7				8.7		8.7				8.7
		$	124.7			$	124.7	$	131.4			$	131.4		$	144.5			$	144.5	$	161.5			$	161.5
Total intangible assets	Total intangible assets	$	1,213.0	$	(564.9)	$	648.1	$	1,219.2	$	(550.4)	$	668.8	Total intangible assets	$	1,449.7	$	(573.6)	$	876.1	$	1,306.2	$	(540.9)	$	765.3

Amortization expense for intangible assets was ~~$25.3~~$33.9 million and ~~$28.2~~$25.3 million for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. Amortization expense ~~included $21.5 million~~ ~~and $24.3 million~~ related to intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination ~~for~~is reported in amortization of intangible assets on the ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2022~~Consolidated Statement of Income, and ~~2021, respectively.~~ amortization expense related to capitalized software is reported in cost of products sold or selling, general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statement of Income. Amortization expense for intangible assets is projected to be ~~$55.3 million in 2022; $46.6~~$67.3 million in 2023; ~~$44.7~~$66.6 million in 2024; ~~$42.9~~$66.0 million in 2025; ~~and $41.4~~$60.3 million in ~~2026. Substantially all amortization expense for intangible assets is recorded~~2026; and $58.5 million in ~~Cost of product sold on the Consolidated Statement of Income.~~2027.

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Note 10 - Other Current Liabilities

The following table displays other current liabilities as of June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


		June 30,		December 31,
(Dollars in millions)	(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021		(Dollars in millions)	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Sales rebates	Sales rebates	$	56.1	$	70.3	Sales rebates	$	72.0	$	82.9
Deferred revenue						Deferred revenue	55.4		54.3
Product warranty						Product warranty	27.1		23.5
Operating lease liabilities						Operating lease liabilities	24.7		24.1
Current derivative liability						Current derivative liability	30.2		19.8
Taxes other than income and payroll taxes						Taxes other than income and payroll taxes	24.2		18.7
Freight and duties	Freight and duties	25.5		25.5		Freight and duties	16.1		21.7
Operating lease liabilities		24.2		26.2
Product warranty		17.2		11.7
Interest						Interest	15.3		15.0
Professional fees	Professional fees	12.6		10.8		Professional fees	17.3		17.4
Restructuring	Restructuring	5.5		7.0		Restructuring	4.1		3.1
Taxes other than income and payroll taxes		19.2		16.0
Interest		14.2		10.8
Other	Other	95.4		72.3		Other	77.6		72.4
Total other current liabilities	Total other current liabilities	$	269.9	$	250.6	Total other current liabilities	$	364.0	$	352.9

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Note 11 - Financing Arrangements

Short-term debt at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 was as follows:


		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022

Borrowings under lines of credit for certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries with various banks with interest rates ranging from 0.50% to 2.10% at June 30, 2022 and 0.50% to 2.00% at December 31, 2021		$	70.3	$	42.6
Borrowings under lines of credit for certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries with various banks with interest rates ranging from 4.00% to 10.07% at June 30, 2023 and 2.38% to 5.50% at December 31, 2022						Borrowings under lines of credit for certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries with various banks with interest rates ranging from 4.00% to 10.07% at June 30, 2023 and 2.38% to 5.50% at December 31, 2022	$	49.8	$	46.3
Short-term debt	Short-term debt	$	70.3	$	42.6	Short-term debt	$	49.8	$	46.3

~~The lines~~Lines of credit for certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries provide for short-term borrowings up to ~~$254.4~~$246.1 million in the aggregate. Most of these lines of credit are uncommitted. At June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company’s foreign subsidiaries had borrowings outstanding of ~~$70.3~~$49.8 million and bank guarantees of ~~$0.2~~$2.7 million, which reduced the aggregate availability under these facilities to ~~$183.9~~$193.6 million.

Long-term debt at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 was as follows:


		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Variable-rate Senior Credit Facility with an average interest rate on Euro of 1.00% at June 30, 2022 and U.S. Dollar of 1.09% and Euro of 1.00% at December 31, 2021		$	8.3	$	9.0
Variable-rate Senior Credit Facility with an average interest rate on U.S. Dollar of 6.27% and Euro of 4.07% at June 30, 2023 and U.S. Dollar of 5.10% and Euro of 2.21% at December 31, 2022						Variable-rate Senior Credit Facility with an average interest rate on U.S. Dollar of 6.27% and Euro of 4.07% at June 30, 2023 and U.S. Dollar of 5.10% and Euro of 2.21% at December 31, 2022	$	133.2	$	8.5

Variable-rate Term Loan(1), maturing on September 11, 2023, with an interest rate of 2.79% at June 30, 2022 and 1.23% at December 31, 2021		316.9		321.1
Variable-rate Accounts Receivable Facility with an interest rate of 5.98% at June 30, 2023 and 5.01% at December 31, 2022						Variable-rate Accounts Receivable Facility with an interest rate of 5.98% at June 30, 2023 and 5.01% at December 31, 2022	85.0		85.0
Variable-rate Term Loan(1), maturing on December 5, 2027, with an interest rate of 6.33% at June 30, 2023 and 5.55% at December 31, 2022						Variable-rate Term Loan(1), maturing on December 5, 2027, with an interest rate of 6.33% at June 30, 2023 and 5.55% at December 31, 2022	399.2		399.1
Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on September 1, 2024, with an interest rate of 3.875%	Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on September 1, 2024, with an interest rate of 3.875%	349.7		349.5		Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on September 1, 2024, with an interest rate of 3.875%	349.9		349.8
Fixed-rate Euro Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on September 7, 2027, with an interest rate of 2.02%	Fixed-rate Euro Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on September 7, 2027, with an interest rate of 2.02%	157.0		170.3		Fixed-rate Euro Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on September 7, 2027, with an interest rate of 2.02%	163.5		160.4
Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on December 15, 2028, with an interest rate of 4.50%	Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on December 15, 2028, with an interest rate of 4.50%	397.0		396.9		Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on December 15, 2028, with an interest rate of 4.50%	397.4		397.2
Fixed-rate Medium-Term Notes, Series A(1), maturing at various dates through May 2028, with interest rates ranging from 6.74% to 7.76%	Fixed-rate Medium-Term Notes, Series A(1), maturing at various dates through May 2028, with interest rates ranging from 6.74% to 7.76%	154.7		154.7		Fixed-rate Medium-Term Notes, Series A(1), maturing at various dates through May 2028, with interest rates ranging from 6.74% to 7.76%	154.8		154.8
Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on April 1, 2032, with an interest rate of 4.125%	Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on April 1, 2032, with an interest rate of 4.125%	341.2		—		Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes(1), maturing on April 1, 2032, with an interest rate of 4.125%	342.9		342.1
Fixed-rate Euro Bank Loan, maturing on June 30, 2033, with an interest rate of 2.15%	Fixed-rate Euro Bank Loan, maturing on June 30, 2033, with an interest rate of 2.15%	13.9		15.8		Fixed-rate Euro Bank Loan, maturing on June 30, 2033, with an interest rate of 2.15%	13.2		13.6

Other	Other	6.9		5.0		Other	10.8		6.4
Total debt	Total debt	$	1,745.6	$	1,422.3	Total debt	$	2,049.9	$	1,916.9
Less: Current maturities		11.3		11.2
Less: current maturities						Less: current maturities	3.4		2.7
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	$	1,734.3	$	1,411.1	Long-term debt	$	2,046.5	$	1,914.2

(1) Net of discounts and fees

Table of Contents

Note 11 - Financing Arrangements (continued)

The Company has a $100 million Amended and Restated Asset Securitization Agreement (the "Accounts Receivable Facility"), which matures on November 30, 2024. Under the terms of the Accounts Receivable Facility, the Company sells, on an ongoing basis, certain domestic trade receivables to Timken Receivables Corporation, a wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary that, in turn, uses the trade receivables to secure borrowings that are funded through a vehicle that issues commercial paper in the short-term market. Borrowings under the Accounts Receivable Facility may be limited to certain borrowing base limitations; however, availability under the Accounts Receivable Facility was not reduced by any such borrowing base limitations at June 30, ~~2022.~~2023. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, there were no$85.0 million in outstanding borrowings under the Accounts Receivable Facility, ~~and~~which reduced the ~~entire~~ ~~$100 million was available~~.availability under this facility to $15.0 million. The cost of this facility, which is the prevailing commercial paper rate plus facility fees, is considered a financing cost and is included in interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Note 11 - Financing Arrangements (continued)~~

~~The~~On December 5, 2022, the Company entered into the ~~Fourth~~Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("~~Senior~~ Credit ~~Facility"~~Agreement") ~~on June 25, 2019. The Senior Credit Facility~~, which is ~~a $650.0~~comprised of the $750.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility ~~which matures~~("Senior Credit Facility") and a $400.0 million unsecured term loan facility ("2027 Term Loan") that each mature on December 5, 2027. The Credit Agreement amended and restated the Company's previous revolving credit agreement that was set to mature on June 25, ~~2024.~~2024, and replaced the $350.0 million term loan that was set to mature on September 11, 2023 ("2023 Term Loan"). The Credit Agreement also replaced interest rates based on LIBOR with interest rates based on Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"). At June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company had ~~$8.3~~$133.2 million of outstanding borrowings and $1.8 million of letters of credit under the Senior Credit Facility, which reduced the availability under this facility to ~~$641.7~~$615.0 million. The ~~Senior~~ Credit ~~Facility~~Agreement has 2two financial covenants: a consolidated leverage ratio and a consolidated interest coverage ratio.

On March 28, 2022, the Company issued fixed-rate unsecured senior notes ("2032 Notes") in the aggregate principal amount of $350 million with an interest rate of 4.125%, maturing on April 1, ~~2032~~.2032. Proceeds from the ~~notes~~2032 Notes were used to for general corporate purposes, which included the repayment of borrowings under the ~~Senior Credit Facility~~Company's previous senior credit facility and the Accounts Receivable Facility outstanding at the time of issuance.

On September 11, 2018, the Company entered into a $350 million variable-rate term loan that matures on September 11, 2023 (the "2023 Term Loan"). Proceeds from the 2023 Term Loan were used to fund the acquisitions of Apiary Investments Holding Limited and Rollon S.p.A., which closed on September 1, 2018 and September 18, 2018, respectively. On July 12, 2019, the Company amended the ~~2023 Term Loan agreement to, among other things, align covenants and other terms with the Senior Credit Facility.~~

At June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company was in full compliance with all applicable covenants on its outstanding debt.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company utilizes standby letters of credit issued by financial institutions to guarantee certain obligations, most of which relate to insurance contracts. At June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, outstanding letters of credit totaled ~~$43.7~~$59.1 million, most with expiration dates within 12 months.

The maturities of long-term debt (including ~~$3.4~~$4.9 million of finance leases) subsequent to June 30, ~~2022~~2023 are as follows:


Year	Year			Year
2022		$	6.3
2023	2023	318.3		2023	$	3.0
2024	2024	360.0		2024	444.0
2025	2025	1.7		2025	28.9
2026	2026	11.5		2026	52.7
2027	2027	183.2		2027	654.5
2028				2028	522.0
Thereafter	Thereafter	864.6		Thereafter	356.9

The table above excludes $12.0 million of unamortized premiums and fees that are netted against long-term debt at June 30, 2023.

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Table of Contents

Note 12 - Supply Chain Financing

The Company offers a supplier finance program with two different financial institutions where suppliers may receive early payment from the financial institutions on invoices issued to the Company. The Company and each financial institution entered into arrangements providing for the Company to pay the financial institution per the terms of any supplier invoice paid early under the program and to pay an annual fee for the supplier finance platform subscription and related support. The Company and the financial institutions may terminate participation in the program with 90 days’ written notice. The supplier finance programs are unsecured and are not guaranteed by the Company. The financial institutions enter into separate arrangements with suppliers directly to participate in the program. The Company does not determine the terms or conditions of such arrangements or participate in the transactions between the suppliers and the financial institutions.The supplier invoice terms under the program typically require payment in full within 90 days of the invoice date.

The following table is a rollforward of the outstanding obligations for the Company’s supplier finance program for the six months ended June 30, 2023:


	June 30, 2023
Confirmed obligations outstanding, January 1	$	14.4
Invoices confirmed	45.4
Confirmed invoices paid	(41.3)
Confirmed obligations outstanding, ending balance	$	18.5

The obligations outstanding at June 30, 2023 were included in accounts payable, trade on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Table of Contents

Note 1213 - Contingencies

The Company ~~and certain~~is responsible for environmental remediation at various manufacturing facilities presently or formerly operated by the Company. In addition, the Company, through one of its subsidiaries, ~~have~~has currently been identified as a potentially responsible ~~parties~~party for investigation and remediation under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, known as the Superfund, or similar state laws with respect to ~~certain sites.~~one site. Claims for investigation and remediation have been asserted against numerous other unrelated entities, which are believed to be financially solvent and are expected to fulfill their proportionate share of the obligation.

On December 28, 2004, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) sent Lovejoy, ~~Inc.~~LLC. ("Lovejoy") a Special Notice Letter that identified Lovejoy as a potentially responsible party, together with at least 14 ~~other companies,~~unrelated parties, at the Ellsworth Industrial Park Site, Downers Grove, DuPage County, Illinois (the “Site”). The Company acquired Lovejoy in 2016. Lovejoy’s Downers Grove property is situated within the Ellsworth Industrial Complex. The USEPA and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) allege there have been one or more releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances, allegedly including, but not limited to, a release or threatened release on or from Lovejoy's property, at the Site. The relief sought by the USEPA and IEPA includes further investigation and potential remediation of the Site and reimbursement of response costs. Lovejoy’s allocated share of past and future costs related to the Site, including for investigation and/or remediation, could be significant. All previously pending property damage and personal injury lawsuits against Lovejoy related to the Site were settled or dismissed prior to our acquisition of Lovejoy.

The Company had total environmental accruals of $~~5.5~~4.7 million and ~~$6.0~~$4.8 million for various known environmental matters that are probable and reasonably estimable at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, which includes the Lovejoy matter described above. These accruals were recorded based upon the best estimate of costs to be incurred in light of the progress made in determining the magnitude of remediation costs, the timing and extent of remedial actions required by governmental authorities and the amount of the Company’s liability in proportion to other responsible parties.

Product Warranties:

In addition to the contingencies above, the Company provides limited warranties on certain of its products. The product warranty liability included in "Other current liabilities" on the Consolidated Balance Sheets was $~~17.2~~27.1 million and ~~$11.7~~$23.5 million at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The balances at the end of each respective period represent the best estimates of costs for future claims for products that are still under warranty. The increase in the liability for the first six months of ~~2022~~2023 primarily relates to additional accruals for ~~product~~certain products sold into the automotive and renewable energy sectors. Accrual estimates are based on actual claims and expected trends that continue to mature. ~~Any~~Management believes that any significant change to these assumptions will not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position; however, the effect of any such change may be material to the results of operations inof any particular period in which such change occurs.

The following is a rollforward of the consolidated product warranty accrual for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and twelve months ended December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Beginning balance, January 1	Beginning balance, January 1	$	11.7	$	9.4	Beginning balance, January 1	$	23.5	$	11.7
Expense	Expense	7.6		10.1		Expense	5.0		14.7
Payments	Payments	(2.1)		(7.8)		Payments	(1.4)		(2.9)
Ending balance	Ending balance	$	17.2	$	11.7	Ending balance	$	27.1	$	23.5

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Note 1314 - Equity

The following tables present the changes in the components of equity for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively:


			The Timken Company Shareholders
	Total		Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Treasury Stock		Non controlling Interest
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	2,436.3	$	40.7	$	853.3	$	2,030.8	$	(156.8)	$	(420.0)	$	88.3
Net income	129.5						125.2						4.3
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(27.9)								(27.6)				(0.3)
Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $0.5 million)	(1.6)								(1.6)

Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	(0.3)								(0.3)
Dividends declared to noncontrolling interest	—
Dividends - $0.33 per share	(23.8)						(23.8)
Sale of shares of Timken India Limited	229.0				194.5				8.1				26.4
Stock-based compensation expense	6.1				6.1
Stock purchased at fair market value	(100.5)										(100.5)
Stock option exercise activity	4.5				4.5

Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(1.3)										(1.3)
Balance at June 30, 2023	$	2,650.0	$	40.7	$	1,058.4	$	2,132.2	$	(178.2)	$	(521.8)	$	118.7


				The Timken Company Shareholders															The Timken Company Shareholders
		Total		Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Treasury Stock		Non controlling Interest			Total		Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Treasury Stock		Non controlling Interest
Balance at March 31, 2022		$	2,355.0	$	40.7	$	795.4	$	1,711.1	$	(42.5)	$	(233.6)	$	83.9
Balance at December 31, 2022																Balance at December 31, 2022	$	2,352.9	$	40.7	$	829.6	$	1,932.1	$	(181.9)	$	(352.2)	$	84.6
Net income	Net income	105.6						105.0						0.6		Net income	255.2						247.5						7.7
Foreign currency translation adjustment	Foreign currency translation adjustment	(113.1)								(114.2)				1.1		Foreign currency translation adjustment	(0.2)								(0.2)
Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $0.5 million)		(1.4)								(1.4)
Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $1.0 million)																Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $1.0 million)	(3.1)								(3.1)
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications																Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	(1.1)								(1.1)
Dividends - $0.64 per share																Dividends - $0.64 per share	(47.4)						(47.4)

Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications		2.2								2.2

Dividends – $0.31 per share		(22.9)						(22.9)
Sale of shares of Timken India Limited																Sale of shares of Timken India Limited	229.0				194.5				8.1				26.4
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	8.5				8.5										Stock-based compensation expense	17.1				17.1
Stock purchased at fair market value	Stock purchased at fair market value	(44.3)										(44.3)				Stock purchased at fair market value	(154.5)										(154.5)
Stock option exercise activity	Stock option exercise activity	0.2				0.2										Stock option exercise activity	17.2				17.2

Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(0.6)										(0.6)				Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(15.1)										(15.1)
Balance at June 30, 2022		$	2,289.2	$	40.7	$	804.1	$	1,793.2	$	(155.9)	$	(278.5)	$	85.6
Balance at June 30, 2023																Balance at June 30, 2023	$	2,650.0	$	40.7	$	1,058.4	$	2,132.2	$	(178.2)	$	(521.8)	$	118.7

The Timken Company Shareholders
Total Stated
Capital Other
Paid-In
Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss Treasury
Stock Non
controlling
Interest
Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 2,377.7 $ 40.7 $ 786.9 $ 1,616.4 $ (23.0) $ (126.1) $ 82.8
Net income 227.5 223.2 4.3
Foreign currency translation adjustment (135.7) (134.2) (1.5)
Pension and other postretirement liability
   adjustments (net of income tax benefit
   of $1.0 million)
(2.9) (2.9)
Change in fair value of derivative financial
   instruments, net of reclassifications 4.2 4.2
Dividends - $0.61 per share (46.4) (46.4)
Stock-based compensation expense 15.6 15.6
Stock purchased at fair market value (144.3) (144.3)
Stock option exercise activity 1.6 1.6
Payments related to tax withholding for
   stock-based compensation (8.1) (8.1)
Balance at June 30, 2022 $ 2,289.2 $ 40.7 $ 804.1 $ 1,793.2 $ (155.9) $ (278.5) $ 85.6

On June 20, 2023, the Company completed the sale of 7.6 million shares of Timken India Limited (“TIL”), a subsidiary of the Company, generating net proceeds of $229 million after estimated income taxes of $55 million and transaction costs. The sale reduced the Company’s ownership in TIL from 67.8 percent to 57.7 percent.

1518

Table of Contents

Note 1314 - Equity (continued)


				The Timken Company Shareholders															The Timken Company Shareholders
		Total		Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock		Non controlling Interest			Total		Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock		Non controlling Interest
Balance at March 31, 2021		$	2,250.1	$	40.7	$	761.3	$	1,429.0	$	(2.1)	$	(53.4)	$	74.6
Balance at March 31, 2022																Balance at March 31, 2022	$	2,355.0	$	40.7	$	795.4	$	1,711.1	$	(42.5)	$	(233.6)	$	83.9
Net income	Net income	107.2						104.8						2.4		Net income	105.6						105.0						0.6
Foreign currency translation adjustment	Foreign currency translation adjustment	23.2								23.8				(0.6)		Foreign currency translation adjustment	(113.1)								(114.2)				1.1
Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $0.5 million)	Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $0.5 million)	(1.7)								(1.7)						Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $0.5 million)	(1.4)								(1.4)
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	(0.2)								(0.2)						Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	2.2								2.2

Dividends - $0.30 per share		(22.9)						(22.9)
Dividends - $0.31 per share																Dividends - $0.31 per share	(22.9)						(22.9)
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	6.0				6.0										Stock-based compensation expense	8.5				8.5

Stock purchased at fair market value																Stock purchased at fair market value	(44.3)										(44.3)
Stock option exercise activity	Stock option exercise activity	11.3				11.3										Stock option exercise activity	0.2				0.2

Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(5.7)										(5.7)				Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(0.6)										(0.6)
Balance at June 30, 2021		$	2,367.3	$	40.7	$	778.6	$	1,510.9	$	19.8	$	(59.1)	$	76.4
Balance at June 30, 2022																Balance at June 30, 2022	$	2,289.2	$	40.7	$	804.1	$	1,793.2	$	(155.9)	$	(278.5)	$	85.6


				The Timken Company Shareholders															The Timken Company Shareholders
		Total		Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Treasury Stock		Non controlling Interest			Total		Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Treasury Stock		Non controlling Interest
Balance at December 31, 2020		$	2,225.2	$	40.7	$	740.7	$	1,339.5	$	41.3	$	(9.3)	$	72.3
Balance at December 31, 2021																Balance at December 31, 2021	$	2,377.7	$	40.7	$	786.9	$	1,616.4	$	(23.0)	$	(126.1)	$	82.8
Net income	Net income	223.2						218.1						5.1		Net income	227.5						223.2						4.3
Foreign currency translation adjustment	Foreign currency translation adjustment	(21.2)								(20.2)				(1.0)		Foreign currency translation adjustment	(135.7)								(134.2)				(1.5)
Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $1.1 million)		(3.3)								(3.3)
Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $1.0 million)																Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments (net of income tax benefit of $1.0 million)	(2.9)								(2.9)
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	2.0								2.0						Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	4.2								4.2
Dividends - $0.59 per share		(46.7)						(46.7)

Dividends - $0.61 per share																Dividends - $0.61 per share	(46.4)						(46.4)
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	12.5				12.5										Stock-based compensation expense	15.6				15.6

Stock purchased at fair market value	Stock purchased at fair market value	(26.3)										(26.3)				Stock purchased at fair market value	(144.3)										(144.3)
Stock option exercise activity	Stock option exercise activity	25.4				25.4										Stock option exercise activity	1.6				1.6

Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(23.5)										(23.5)				Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(8.1)										(8.1)
Balance at June 30, 2021		$	2,367.3	$	40.7	$	778.6	$	1,510.9	$	19.8	$	(59.1)	$	76.4
Balance at June 30, 2022																Balance at June 30, 2022	$	2,289.2	$	40.7	$	804.1	$	1,793.2	$	(155.9)	$	(278.5)	$	85.6

1619

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Note 1415 - Impairment and Restructuring Charges

Impairment and restructuring charges by segment are comprised of the following:

For the three months ended June 30, 2023:


	Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total

Severance and related benefit costs	$	1.5	$	0.8	$	2.3
Exit costs	0.2		—		0.2
Total	$	1.7	$	0.8	$	2.5

For the six months ended June 30, 2023:


	Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total
Impairment charges	$	—	$	28.3	$	28.3
Severance and related benefit costs	2.2		0.7		2.9
Exit costs	0.2		—		0.2
Total	$	2.4	$	29.0	$	31.4

For the three months ended June 30, 2022:

Mobile Industries Process Industries Total
Impairment charges $ 8.8 $ — $ 8.8
Severance and related benefit costs 0.7 0.4 1.1
Exit costs 0.1 — 0.1
Total $ 9.6 $ 0.4 $ 10.0


	Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total
Impairment charges	$	8.8	$	—	$	8.8
Severance and related benefit costs	0.6		0.4		1.0
Exit costs	0.2		—		0.2
Total	$	9.6	$	0.4	$	10.0

For the six months ended June 30, 2022:

Mobile Industries Process Industries Total
Impairment charges $ 8.8 $ — $ 8.8
Severance and related benefit costs 1.1 0.3 1.4
Exit costs 0.8 — 0.8
Total $ 10.7 $ 0.3 $ 11.0

~~For the three months ended June 30, 2021:~~

Mobile Industries Process Industries Total
Impairment charges $ 1.0 $ 0.1 $ 1.1
Severance and related benefit costs — 0.1 0.1
Exit costs 0.1 — 0.1
Total $ 1.1 $ 0.2 $ 1.3

~~For the six months ended June 30, 2021:~~


		Mobile Industries		Process Industries		Total			Engineered Bearings		Industrial Motion		Total
Impairment charges	Impairment charges	$	1.1	$	3.4	$	4.5	Impairment charges	$	8.8	$	—	$	8.8
Severance and related benefit costs	Severance and related benefit costs	—		0.6		0.6		Severance and related benefit costs	1.0		0.3		1.3
Exit costs	Exit costs	0.2		—		0.2		Exit costs	0.8		0.1		0.9
Total	Total	$	1.3	$	4.0	$	5.3	Total	$	10.6	$	0.4	$	11.0

The following discussion explains the impairment and restructuring charges recorded for the periods presented; however, it is not intended to reflect a comprehensive discussion of all amounts in the tables above.

~~Mobile Industries:~~Engineered Bearings:

On January 16, 2023, the Company announced the closure of its bearing plant in Gaffney, South Carolina. The Company expects to transfer its remaining operations to other bearing manufacturing facilities in North America. The closure of this facility is expected to occur by the end of the fourth quarter of 2023 and is expected to affect approximately 225 employees. The Company expects to incur approximately $10 million to $12 million of pretax costs in total related to this closure. During the three months and six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company recorded severance and related benefits of $0.9 million and $1.7 million, respectively, related to this closure. The Company incurred cumulative pretax costs related to this closure of $6.1 million as of June 30, 2023, including rationalization costs recorded in cost of products sold.

Table of Contents

Note 15 - Impairment and Restructuring Charges (continued)

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $8.8 million related to certain assets of its joint venture in Russia. As a result of Russia's invasion of Ukraine (and associated sanctions), the Company suspended its operations in Russia. Refer to Russia Operations in Management's Discussion and Analysis for additional information.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Note 14 - Impairment and Restructuring Charges (continued)~~

On July 19, 2021, the Company announced the closure of its bearing manufacturing facility in Villa Carcina, Italy. The Company ~~will be transferring~~transferred the manufacturing of its single-row tapered roller bearing production to other bearing facilities in Europe, Asia and the United States. The Company ~~expects to complete~~completed the closure of the facility byon October of31, 2022, and ~~is expected to affect~~it affected approximately 110 employees. ~~The Company expects to incur approximately $9 million to $11 million of expenses related to this closure.~~ During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded severance and related benefits of $0.4 million and exit costs of $0.4 million ~~associated with~~related to this closure. During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded severance and related benefits of $0.8 million and exit costs of $1.0 million ~~associated with~~related to this closure. ~~During~~ ~~the three months ended June 30, 2021, the~~The Company ~~recorded impairment charges of $1.0 million. The Company has~~ incurred cumulative pretax costs related to this closure of ~~$8.3~~$9.8 million as of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, including rationalization costs recorded in cost of products sold. On ~~January 31,~~November 1, 2022, the Company ~~entered into an agreement to sell this facility with~~completed the sale ~~expected to close in~~of this facility.

Industrial Motion:

During the ~~fourth~~third quarter of ~~2022.~~

~~Process Industries:~~2022, the Company announced certain organizational changes, which included the appointment of executive leaders for its Engineered Bearings and Industrial Motion product groups. After evaluating the impact from the organizational changes and revising segment results through the balance of 2022, the Company concluded that it will operate under two new reportable segments, Engineered Bearings and Industrial Motion, effective January 1, 2023. In conjunction with this change in segmented results, the Company reallocated its goodwill to new reporting units under these two segments. In addition, the Company was required to review goodwill for impairment under these new reporting units. As a result of this goodwill impairment review, the Company recognized a pretax goodwill impairment loss of $28.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

On February 4, 2020, the Company announced the closure of its chain manufacturing facility in Indianapolis, Indiana. This facility was part of the Diamond Chain Company ("Diamond Chain") acquisition completed on April 1, 2019. The Company ~~will be transferring~~transferred the ~~manufacturing~~majority of its Diamond Chain product line to its chain manufacturing facility in Fulton, Illinois. The chain plant ~~is expected to cease~~ceased operations ~~by the end of the fourth quarter of 2022~~on April 30, 2023 and ~~is expected to affect~~affected approximately 240 ~~employees.~~employees at the Indianapolis facility. The Company ~~expects to hire~~hired approximately 130 full-time positions in Fulton, Illinois and expects to incur approximately $11 million to $14 million of expenses related to this closure. During the three months and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded severance and related benefit costs of $0.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively, related to this closure. The Company ~~has~~ incurred cumulative pretax costs related to this closure of ~~$12.0~~$14.8 million as of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, including rationalization costs recorded in cost of products sold.

~~In addition, the Company recorded impairment charges of $3.3 million related to certain engineering-related assets used in the business during the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2021. Management concluded no further investment would be made in these assets and as a result, reduced the value to zero.~~

~~Consolidated~~Consolidated Restructuring Accrual:

The following is a rollforward of the consolidated restructuring accrual for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and twelve months ended December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Beginning balance, January 1	Beginning balance, January 1	$	7.0	$	8.0	Beginning balance, January 1	$	3.1	$	7.0
Expense	Expense	2.2		4.4		Expense	3.1		5.8
Payments	Payments	(3.7)		(5.4)		Payments	(2.1)		(9.7)
Ending balance	Ending balance	$	5.5	$	7.0	Ending balance	$	4.1	$	3.1

The restructuring accrual at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 was included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

1821

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Note 1516 - Retirement Benefit Plans

The following table sets forth the net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s defined benefit pension plans. The amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 are based on calculations prepared by the Company's actuaries and represent the Company’s best estimate of that period’s proportionate share of the amounts to be recorded for the year ending December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.


		U.S. Plans				International Plans				Total					U.S. Plans				International Plans				Total
		Three Months Ended June 30,													Three Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
Components of net periodic benefit cost (credit):	Components of net periodic benefit cost (credit):													Components of net periodic benefit cost (credit):
Service cost	Service cost	$	1.8	$	2.3	$	0.4	$	0.5	$	2.2	$	2.8	Service cost	$	0.2	$	1.8	$	0.5	$	0.4	$	0.7	$	2.2
Interest cost	Interest cost	4.1		4.5		1.4		1.1		5.5		5.6		Interest cost	4.5		4.1		2.9		1.4		7.4		5.5
Expected return on plan assets	Expected return on plan assets	(5.0)		(6.1)		(2.4)		(2.6)		(7.4)		(8.7)		Expected return on plan assets	(2.1)		(5.0)		(2.8)		(2.4)		(4.9)		(7.4)
Amortization of prior service cost	Amortization of prior service cost	0.3		0.3		0.1		0.1		0.4		0.4		Amortization of prior service cost	0.1		0.3		—		0.1		0.1		0.4
Recognition of net actuarial losses		11.6		3.5		—		—		11.6		3.5
Recognition of net actuarial (gains) losses														Recognition of net actuarial (gains) losses	(1.0)		11.6		—		—		(1.0)		11.6

Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	$	12.8	$	4.5	$	(0.5)	$	(0.9)	$	12.3	$	3.6	Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	$	1.7	$	12.8	$	0.6	$	(0.5)	$	2.3	$	12.3


		U.S. Plans				International Plans				Total					U.S. Plans				International Plans				Total
		Six Months Ended June 30,													Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
Components of net periodic benefit cost (credit):	Components of net periodic benefit cost (credit):													Components of net periodic benefit cost (credit):
Service cost	Service cost	$	3.7	$	4.8	$	0.8	$	1.0	$	4.5	$	5.8	Service cost	$	0.4	$	3.7	$	0.8	$	0.8	$	1.2	$	4.5
Interest cost	Interest cost	8.2		8.9		2.9		2.2		11.1		11.1		Interest cost	9.0		8.2		5.3		2.9		14.3		11.1
Expected return on plan assets	Expected return on plan assets	(10.2)		(12.2)		(4.9)		(5.1)		(15.1)		(17.3)		Expected return on plan assets	(4.2)		(10.2)		(5.3)		(4.9)		(9.5)		(15.1)
Amortization of prior service cost	Amortization of prior service cost	0.6		0.6		0.1		0.1		0.7		0.7		Amortization of prior service cost	0.1		0.6		0.1		0.1		0.2		0.7
Recognition of net actuarial losses		14.2		4.4		—		—		14.2		4.4
Recognition of net actuarial (gains) losses														Recognition of net actuarial (gains) losses	(1.9)		14.2		—		—		(1.9)		14.2

Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	$	16.5	$	6.5	$	(1.1)	$	(1.8)	$	15.4	$	4.7	Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	$	3.4	$	16.5	$	0.9	$	(1.1)	$	4.3	$	15.4

~~The Company expects full year 2022~~For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, lump sum payments related to new retirees ~~to exceed~~exceeded annual interest and service costs for ~~two~~one of the Company's U.S. defined benefit pension plans, ~~in 2022. This expectation triggered~~triggering a remeasurement of assets and obligations for both plans. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company only expected to make lump sum payments related to new retirees in excess of annual interest and service costs for one of its U.S. defined benefit pension plans resulting in only one plan being remeasured.this plan. As a result of ~~these remeasurements,~~this remeasurement, the Company recognized net actuarial ~~losses~~ ("~~mark-to-market charges"~~mark-to-market") gains of ~~$11.6~~$1.0 million and ~~$14.2~~$1.9 million during the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022, respectively.~~2023.

For the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company expected to make lump sum payments related to new retirees in excess of annual interest and service costs for ~~three~~two of the Company's U.S. defined ~~benefit~~ pension ~~plans in 2021.~~plans. This ~~expectation, along with the payout of deferred compensation to a former executive officer of the Company in June 2021,~~ triggered a remeasurement of assets and obligations for these plans. As a result of ~~this remeasurement,~~these remeasurements, the Company recognized net actuarial ("mark-to-market") losses of ~~$3.5~~$11.6 million and ~~$4.4~~$14.2 million during the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2021, respectively.~~2022.

1922

Table of Contents

Note 1617 - Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

The following table sets forth the net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s other postretirement benefit plans. The amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 are based on calculations prepared by the Company's actuaries and represent the Company’s best estimate of that period’s proportionate share of the amounts to be recorded for the year ending December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.


		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,					Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022
Net periodic benefit credit:	Net periodic benefit credit:									Net periodic benefit credit:
Service cost	Service cost	$	0.1	$	0.1	$	0.1	$	0.1	Service cost	$	—	$	0.1	$	—	$	0.1
Interest cost	Interest cost	0.3		0.3		0.7		0.7		Interest cost	0.5		0.3		1.0		0.7

Amortization of prior service credit	Amortization of prior service credit	(2.5)		(2.5)		(5.0)		(5.0)		Amortization of prior service credit	(2.1)		(2.5)		(4.2)		(5.0)

Net periodic benefit credit	Net periodic benefit credit	$	(2.1)	$	(2.1)	$	(4.2)	$	(4.2)	Net periodic benefit credit	$	(1.6)	$	(2.1)	$	(3.2)	$	(4.2)

2023

Table of Contents

Note 1718 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables present details about components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively:

Foreign currency translation adjustments Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments Total
Balance at March 31, 2022 $ (100.3) $ 55.1 $ 2.7 $ (42.5)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
   reclassifications and income taxes (113.1) 0.2 3.9 (109.0)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
   comprehensive (loss) income before income
   taxes — (2.1) (0.7) (2.8)
Income tax (expense) benefit — 0.5 (1.0) (0.5)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss)
   income, net of income taxes (113.1) (1.4) 2.2 (112.3)
Noncontrolling interest (1.1) — — (1.1)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss)
income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling
interest (114.2) (1.4) 2.2 (113.4)
Balance at June 30, 2022 $ (214.5) $ 53.7 $ 4.9 $ (155.9)


	Foreign currency translation adjustments		Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments		Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments		Total
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	(208.3)	$	49.3	$	2.2	$	(156.8)
Sale of shares of Timken India Limited	8.1		—		—		8.1
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications and income taxes	(27.9)		(0.1)		(0.9)		(28.9)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	—		(2.0)		0.4		(1.6)
Income tax benefit	—		0.5		0.2		0.7
Net current period other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes	(27.9)		(1.6)		(0.3)		(29.8)
Noncontrolling interest	0.3		—		—		0.3
Net current period other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes, noncontrolling interest and sale of shares of Timken India Limited	(19.5)		(1.6)		(0.3)		(21.4)
Balance at June 30, 2023	$	(227.8)	$	47.7	$	1.9	$	(178.2)

Foreign currency translation adjustments Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 $ (80.3) $ 56.6 $ 0.7 $ (23.0)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
   reclassifications and income taxes (135.7) 0.4 7.1 (128.2)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
   comprehensive (loss) income before income
   taxes — (4.3) (1.6) (5.9)
Income tax (expense) benefit — 1.0 (1.3) (0.3)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss)
   income, net of income taxes (135.7) (2.9) 4.2 (134.4)
Noncontrolling interest 1.5 — — 1.5
Net current period other comprehensive (loss)
income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling
interest (134.2) (2.9) 4.2 (132.9)
Balance at June 30, 2022 $ (214.5) $ 53.7 $ 4.9 $ (155.9)


	Foreign currency translation adjustments		Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments		Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments		Total
Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(235.7)	$	50.8	$	3.0	$	(181.9)
Sale of shares of Timken India Limited	8.1		—		—		8.1
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications and income taxes	(0.2)		(0.1)		(1.7)		(2.0)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	—		(4.0)		0.1		(3.9)
Income tax benefit	—		1.0		0.5		1.5
Net current period other comprehensive loss, net of income taxes	(0.2)		(3.1)		(1.1)		(4.4)
Noncontrolling interest	—		—		—		—
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes, noncontrolling interest and sale of shares of Timken India Limited	7.9		(3.1)		(1.1)		3.7
Balance at June 30, 2023	$	(227.8)	$	47.7	$	1.9	$	(178.2)

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Note 1718 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (continued)

Foreign currency translation adjustments Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments Total
Balance at March 31, 2021 $ (62.0) $ 61.8 $ (1.9) $ (2.1)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
    reclassifications and income taxes 23.2 (0.1) (2.1) 21.0
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
   comprehensive (loss) income before income
   taxes — (2.1) 1.7 (0.4)
Income tax benefit — 0.5 0.2 0.7
Net current period other comprehensive income
   (loss), net of income taxes 23.2 (1.7) (0.2) 21.3
Noncontrolling interest 0.6 — — 0.6
Net current period comprehensive income (loss),
   net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest 23.8 (1.7) (0.2) 21.9
Balance at June 30, 2021 $ (38.2) $ 60.1 $ (2.1) $ 19.8


	Foreign currency translation adjustments		Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments		Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments		Total
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	(100.3)	$	55.1	$	2.7	$	(42.5)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications and income taxes	(113.1)		0.2		3.9		(109.0)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	—		(2.1)		(0.7)		(2.8)
Income tax benefit (expense)	—		0.5		(1.0)		(0.5)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	(113.1)		(1.4)		2.2		(112.3)
Noncontrolling interest	(1.1)		—		—		(1.1)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest	(114.2)		(1.4)		2.2		(113.4)
Balance at June 30, 2022	$	(214.5)	$	53.7	$	4.9	$	(155.9)


		Foreign currency translation adjustments		Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments		Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments		Total			Foreign currency translation adjustments		Pension and other postretirement liability adjustments		Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments		Total
Balance at December 31, 2020		$	(18.0)	$	63.4	$	(4.1)	$	41.3
Balance at December 31, 2021										Balance at December 31, 2021	$	(80.3)	$	56.6	$	0.7	$	(23.0)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications and income taxes	Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications and income taxes	(21.2)		(0.1)		(0.7)		(22.0)		Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications and income taxes	(135.7)		0.4		7.1		(128.2)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	—		(4.3)		3.4		(0.9)		Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	—		(4.3)		(1.6)		(5.9)
Income tax benefit (expense)	Income tax benefit (expense)	—		1.1		(0.7)		0.4		Income tax benefit (expense)			1.0		(1.3)		(0.3)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	(21.2)		(3.3)		2.0		(22.5)		Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	(135.7)		(2.9)		4.2		(134.4)
Noncontrolling interest	Noncontrolling interest	1.0		—		—		1.0		Noncontrolling interest	1.5		—		—		1.5
Net current period comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest		(20.2)		(3.3)		2.0		(21.5)
Balance at June 30, 2021		$	(38.2)	$	60.1	$	(2.1)	$	19.8
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest										Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest	(134.2)		(2.9)		4.2		(132.9)
Balance at June 30, 2022										Balance at June 30, 2022	$	(214.5)	$	53.7	$	4.9	$	(155.9)

Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications and income taxes includes the effect of foreign currency.

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Note 1819 - Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be expected to be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The FASB provides accounting rules that classify the inputs used to measure fair value into the following hierarchy:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The following tables present the fair value hierarchy for those financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


		June 30, 2022									June 30, 2023
		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:	Assets:									Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	283.3	$	281.5	$	1.8	$	—	Cash and cash equivalents	$	304.2	$	304.2	$	—	$	—
Cash and cash equivalents measured at net asset value	Cash and cash equivalents measured at net asset value	22.0		—		—		—		Cash and cash equivalents measured at net asset value	40.0
Restricted cash	Restricted cash	0.7		0.7		—		—		Restricted cash	8.0		8.0		—		—
Short-term investments	Short-term investments	30.6		—		30.6		—		Short-term investments	38.2		—		38.2		—

Interest rate swap contract		3.3		—		3.3		—
Interest rate swap contracts										Interest rate swap contracts	1.0		—		1.0		—
Foreign currency forward contracts	Foreign currency forward contracts	3.4		—		3.4		—		Foreign currency forward contracts	1.7		—		1.7		—
Total assets	Total assets	$	343.3	$	282.2	$	39.1	$	—	Total assets	$	393.1	$	312.2	$	40.9	$	—
Liabilities:	Liabilities:									Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	2.5	$	—	$	2.5	$	—	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	30.2	$	—	$	30.2	$	—

Total liabilities	Total liabilities	$	2.5	$	—	$	2.5	$	—	Total liabilities	$	30.2	$	—	$	30.2	$	—


		December 31, 2021									December 31, 2022
		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:	Assets:									Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	257.1	$	244.8	$	12.3	$	—	Cash and cash equivalents	$	292.1	$	289.3	$	2.8	$	—

Cash and cash equivalents measured at net asset value										Cash and cash equivalents measured at net asset value	39.5
Restricted cash	Restricted cash	0.8		0.8		—		—		Restricted cash	9.1		9.1		—		—
Short-term investments	Short-term investments	56.9		—		56.9		—		Short-term investments	39.2		—		39.2		—

Interest rate swap contracts										Interest rate swap contracts	3.1		—		3.1		—
Foreign currency forward contracts	Foreign currency forward contracts	5.6		—		5.6		—		Foreign currency forward contracts	4.5		—		4.5		—
Total assets	Total assets	$	320.4	$	245.6	$	74.8	$	—	Total assets	$	387.5	$	298.4	$	49.6	$	—
Liabilities:	Liabilities:									Liabilities:
Foreign currency forward contracts	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.0	$	—	Foreign currency forward contracts	$	19.8	$	—	$	19.8	$	—
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	$	1.0	$	—	$	1.0	$	—	Total liabilities	$	19.8	$	—	$	19.8	$	—

Cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased and are valued at ~~the~~ redemption value. Short-term investments are investments with maturities between four months and one year, and generally are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. A portion of the cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are valued based on net asset value. The Company uses publicly available market interest rates to measure the fair value of its interest rate swap contracts. The Company uses publicly available foreign currency forward and spot rates to measure the fair value of its foreign currency forward contracts.

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Note 1819 - Fair Value (continued)

In addition, the Company remeasures certain assets at fair value, using Level 3 inputs, as a result of the occurrence of triggering events such as purchase accounting for ~~acquisitions.~~

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, property, plant and equipment at the Company's joint venture in Russia, with a carrying value of $15.9 million, were written down to their fair value of $7.1 million, resulting in an impairment charge of $8.8 million. The fair value for these assets was determined based on the best price that would be received in a current transaction to sell the assets to a third party.acquisitions or goodwill impairment.

No other material assets were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

Financial Instruments:

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, trade accounts payable, short-term borrowings and long-term debt. Due to their short-term nature, the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, trade accounts payable and short-term borrowings are a reasonable estimate of their fair value. Due to the nature of fair value calculations for variable-rate debt, the carrying value of the Company's long-term variable-rate debt is a reasonable estimate of its fair value. The fair value of the Company’s long-term fixed-rate debt, based on ~~quoted~~Level 2 inputs (quoted market ~~prices,~~prices), was ~~$1,386.6~~$1,361.3 million and ~~$1,171.1~~$1,353.5 million at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The carrying value of this debt was ~~$1,414.1~~$1,421.7 million and ~~$1,087.5~~$1,417.9 million at June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The difference between fair value and carrying value primarily reflects the net impact of ~~long-term~~changes in prevailing interest rates and credit spreads since the fixed-rate debt was ~~measured using Level 2 inputs.~~issued.

The Company does not believe it has significant concentrations of risk associated with the counterparties to its financial instruments.

Note 1920 - Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. The primary risks managed by using derivative instruments are foreign currency exchange rate risk and interest rate risk. Forward contracts on various foreign currencies are entered into in order to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with certain of the Company's commitments denominated in foreign currencies. From time to time, interest rate swaps are used to manage interest rate risk associated with the Company’s fixed and floating-rate borrowings.

The Company designates certain foreign currency forward contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted revenues and certain interest rate hedges as cash flow hedges of fixed-rate borrowings.

On September 8, 2020, the Company entered into a $100 million floating-to-fixed rate swap on the 2023 Term Loan, which hedges the change in the 1-month LIBOR rate between October 30, 2020 and September 11, 2023 to a fixed rate. The Company repaid the LIBOR-based 2023 Term Loan on December 5, 2022 and replaced it with the SOFR-based 2027 Term Loan. The Company amended the interest rate for the swap from LIBOR to SOFR commencing January 2023. The Company’s risk management objective is to hedge the risk of changes in the monthly interest expense attributable to changes in the benchmark interest rate.

On September 15, 2020, the Company designated €54.5 million of its €150.0 million fixed-rate senior unsecured notes, maturing on September 7, 2027 (the "2027 Notes"), as a hedge against its net investment in one of its European subsidiaries. The objective of the hedge transaction is to protect the net investment in the foreign operations against changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the Euro. The net impact for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively, was a ~~gain~~loss of ~~$3.2~~$0.4 million and ~~a gain of $4.8~~$1.1 million to accumulated comprehensive (loss) income with a corresponding offset to other ~~expense,~~income (expense), which partially offsets the impact of the foreign currency adjustment on the 2027 Notes.

The Company entered into $350 million of floating-to-fixed 10-year Treasury rate locks during the first quarter of 2022, prior to issuing the 2032 Notes. This fixed the 10-year Treasury yield and settled at pricing of the 2032 Notes, resulting in $6.5 million of cash proceeds received by the Company. This amount was recorded to accumulated comprehensive income and will be amortized as a reduction in interest expense over the 10-year tenor of the 2032 Notes.

The Company does not purchase or hold any derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. As of June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had ~~$434.4~~$573.1 million and ~~$300.8~~$635.6 million, respectively, of outstanding foreign currency forward contracts at notional value. Refer to Note 1819 - Fair Value for the fair value disclosure of derivative financial instruments.

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Note 1920 - Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (continued)

Cash Flow Hedging Strategy:

For certain derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges (i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same line item associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.

To protect against a reduction in the value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows resulting from export sales, the Company has instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company hedges portions of its forecasted cash flows denominated in certain foreign currencies with forward contracts. When the dollar strengthens significantly against these foreign currencies, the decline in the present value of future foreign currency revenue is offset by gains in the fair value of the forward contracts designated as hedges. Conversely, when the dollar weakens, the increase in the present value of future foreign currency cash flows is offset by losses in the fair value of the forward contracts. As of June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had ~~$76.7~~$74.8 million and ~~$80.0~~$82.3 million, respectively, of outstanding foreign currency forward contracts at notional value that were classified as cash flow hedges.

The maximum length of time over which the Company hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecast transactions is generally eighteen months or less.

Purpose for Derivative Instruments not designated as Hedging Instruments:

For derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments, the instruments are typically forward contracts. In general, the practice is to reduce volatility by selectively hedging transaction exposures including intercompany loans, accounts payable and accounts receivable. Intercompany loans between entities with different functional currencies typically are hedged with a forward contract at the inception of the loan with a maturity date corresponding to the maturity of the loan. The revaluation of these contracts, as well as the revaluation of the underlying balance sheet items, is recorded directly to the income statement so the adjustment generally offsets the revaluation of the underlying balance sheet items to protect cash payments and reduce income statement volatility.

As of June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had ~~$357.7~~$498.3 million and ~~$220.8~~$553.3 million, respectively, of outstanding foreign currency forward contracts at notional value that were not designated as hedging instruments. The following table presents the impact of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, and the related location within the Consolidated Statements of Income:


			Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income										Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income
			Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:	Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:	Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income	2022		2021		2022		2021		Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:	Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income	2023		2022		2023		2022

Foreign currency forward contracts	Foreign currency forward contracts	Other expense, net	$	(6.0)	$	(0.9)	$	(7.0)	$	(0.7)	Foreign currency forward contracts	Other expense, net	$	(13.9)	$	(6.0)	$	(16.5)	$	(7.0)

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in millions, except per share data)

OVERVIEW

Introduction:

The Timken Company designs and ~~manages~~manufactures a growing portfolio of engineered bearings and ~~power transmission products.~~industrial motion products, and related services. With more than a century of ~~innovation~~knowledge and ~~increasing knowledge,~~innovation, the Company continuously improves the reliability and efficiency of global machinery and equipment to move the world forward. The Company’s growing product and services portfolio features many strong industrial brands, such as Timken®, Philadelphia Gear®, GGB®, Drives®, Cone Drive®, Rollon®, Lovejoy®, Diamond®, BEKA®, Groeneveld® and ~~Spinea®~~Nadella®. Timken employs more than ~~18,000~~19,000 people globally in 4346 countries. The Company operates under two reportable segments: (1) ~~Mobile Industries~~Engineered Bearings and (2) ~~Process Industries.~~Industrial Motion. The following further describes these business segments:

•~~Mobile Industries~~Timken’s Engineered Bearings segment features a broad range of product designs serving original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and end-users worldwide. Timken is a leading authority on tapered roller bearings and leverages its position by applying engineering know-how and technology across its entire bearing portfolio, which includes tapered, spherical and cylindrical roller bearings; plain bearings, metal-polymer bearings and rod end bearings; thrust and specialty ball bearings; and housed or mounted bearings. The Engineered Bearings portfolio features Timken® and GGB® brands and serves ~~OEM~~ customers ~~that manufacture off-highway equipment for the agricultural,~~across global industries, including wind energy, agriculture, construction, food and beverage, metals and mining, and construction markets; on-highway vehicles including passenger cars, light trucks, and medium- and heavy-duty trucks; rail cars and locomotives; outdoor power equipment; rotorcraft and fixed-wing aircraft; and other mobile equipment. Beyond service parts sold to OEMs, aftermarket sales and services to individual end users, equipment owners, operators and maintenance shops are handled directly or through the Company's extensive network of authorized automotive and ~~heavy-truck distributors.~~truck, aerospace, rail and more.

•~~Process Industries~~ ~~serves OEM~~Timken’s Industrial Motion segment includes a diverse and ~~end-user customers in~~growing portfolio of engineered products, including industrial drives, automatic lubrication systems, linear motion products and systems, chains, belts, couplings and industrial clutches and brakes that keep systems running efficiently. Industrial Motion also includes industrial drivetrain services, which return equipment to like-new condition. The Industrial Motion portfolio features many strong brands: Philadelphia Gear®, Cone Drive®, Rollon®, Nadella®, Groeneveld®, BEKA®, Diamond®, Drives®, Timken® Belts, Lovejoy® and PT Tech®. Industrial Motion products are used across a broad range of industries, ~~that place heavy demands on the fixed operating equipment they make or use in heavy~~including solar energy, automation, construction, agriculture and ~~other general industrial sectors. This includes metals, cement~~turf, passenger rail, marine, aerospace, packaging and ~~aggregate production; power generation~~logistics, medical and renewable energy sources; oil and gas extraction and refining; pulp and paper and food processing; automation and robotics; and health and critical motion control equipment. Other applications include marine equipment, gear drives, cranes, hoists and conveyors. This segment also supports aftermarket sales and service needs through its global network of authorized industrial distributors and through the provision of services directly to end users.more.

Timken creates value by understanding customer needs and applying its know-how to serve a broad range of customers in attractive markets and industries across the globe. The Company’s business strengths include its product technology, end-market diversity, geographic reach and aftermarket mix. Timken collaborates with OEMs to improve equipment efficiency with its engineered products and captures subsequent equipment replacement cycles by selling largely through independent channels in the aftermarket. Timken focuses its international efforts and footprint in regions of the world where strong macroeconomic factors such as urbanization, infrastructure development and sustainability create demand for its products and services.

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The Company's ~~long-term~~ strategy has three primary elements:

Profitable Growth. The Company intends to expand into new and existing markets by leveraging its collective knowledge of metallurgy, friction management and ~~power transmission~~industrial motion to create value for Timken customers. Using a highly collaborative technical selling approach, the Company places particular emphasis on creating unique solutions for challenging and/or demanding applications. The Company intends to grow in attractive market sectors around the world, emphasizing those spaces that are highly fragmented, demand high service and value the reliability and efficiency offered by Timken products. The Company also targets applications that offer significant aftermarket demand, thereby providing product and services revenue throughout the equipment’s lifetime.

Operational Excellence. Timken operates with a relentless drive for exceptional results and a passion for superior execution. The Company embraces a continuous improvement culture that is charged with increasing efficiency, lowering costs, eliminating waste, encouraging organizational agility and building greater brand equity to fuel growth. This requires the Company’s ongoing commitment to attract, retain and develop the best talent across the world.

Capital Deployment to Drive Shareholder Value. The Company is ~~intently~~ focused on providing the highest returns for shareholders through its capital allocation framework, which includes: (1) investing in the core business through capital expenditures, research and development and ~~other~~ initiatives to drive profitable organic growth; (2) pursuing strategic acquisitions to broaden its portfolio and capabilities across diverse markets, with a focus on bearings, adjacent ~~power transmission~~industrial motion products and related services; (3) returning capital to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases; and (4) maintaining a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity. As part of this framework, the Company may also restructure, reposition or divest underperforming product lines or assets.

The following items highlight some of the Company's more significant strategic accomplishments during the six months ended June 30, 2023:

•On April 4, 2023, the Company acquired Nadella, a leading European manufacturer of linear guides, telescopic rails, actuators and systems and other specialized industrial motion solutions. With revenue of €100 million in 2022, Nadella will further Timken's strategy to expand and scale its leading industrial motion product portfolio.

•On June 20, 2023, the Company completed the sale of 7.6 million shares of TIL, a subsidiary of the Company, generating net proceeds of $229 million after estimated income taxes of $55 million and transaction costs. The transaction reduced the Company's ownership in TIL from 67.8 percent to 57.7 percent.

•The Company paid its 403rd and 404th consecutive quarterly dividends, including a dividend of $0.33 per share during the second quarter, an increase of 6% from the prior quarter. The Company also repurchased 1.9 million common shares, or nearly 3% of outstanding common shares.

•On January 31, 2023, the Company acquired the assets of ARB, a North Carolina-based manufacturer of industrial bearings. ARB, which boasts a large U.S. installed base and strong aftermarket business, reported revenue of approximately $35 million in 2022. ARB's product offerings join Timken's industry-leading portfolio of engineered bearings solutions.

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Overview:


		Three Months Ended June 30,									Three Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		$ Change		% Change			2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	Net sales	$	1,153.7	$	1,062.9	$	90.8	8.5	%	Net sales	$	1,272.3	$	1,153.7	$	118.6	10.3	%
Net income	Net income	105.6		107.2		(1.6)		(1.5)	%	Net income	129.5		105.6		23.9		22.6	%

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	0.6		2.4		(1.8)		(75.0)	%	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	4.3		0.6		3.7		NM
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	105.0	$	104.8	$	0.2	0.2	%	Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	125.2	$	105.0	$	20.2	19.2	%

Diluted earnings per share	Diluted earnings per share	$	1.42	$	1.36	$	0.06	4.4	%	Diluted earnings per share	$	1.73	$	1.42	$	0.31	21.8	%
Average number of shares – diluted	Average number of shares – diluted	74,182,793		77,254,157		—		(4.0)	%	Average number of shares – diluted	72,512,991		74,182,793		—		(2.3)	%


		Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		$ Change		% Change			2022		2021		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	Net sales	$	2,278.3	$	2,088.3	$	190.0	9.1	%	Net sales	$	2,535.1	$	2,278.3	$	256.8	11.3	%
Net income	Net income	227.5		223.2		4.3		1.9	%	Net income	255.2		227.5		27.7		12.2	%

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	4.3		5.1		(0.8)		(15.7)	%	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	7.7		4.3		3.4		79.1	%
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	223.2	$	218.1	$	5.1	2.3	%	Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	247.5	$	223.2	$	24.3	10.9	%
Diluted earnings per share										Diluted earnings per share	$	3.39	$	2.98	$	0.41	13.8	%
Average number of shares – diluted										Average number of shares – diluted	72,907,804		74,877,248		—		(2.6)	%

Diluted earnings per share		$	2.98	$	2.82	$	0.16	5.7	%
Average number of shares – diluted		74,877,248		77,257,761		—		(3.1)	%

The increase in net sales for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~primarily~~ driven by ~~strong~~the favorable impact of acquisitions (net of divestitures) and organic growth ~~(including positive pricing),~~in both the Industrial Motion and Engineered Bearings segments, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes. The increase in net income for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022 was primarily due to the favorable price/mix, lower material and ~~the impact of higher volume,~~logistics costs and lower impairment and restructuring charges, partially offset by higher ~~material, logistics~~manufacturing and ~~other operating~~selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") costs, as well as higher ~~pension mark-to-market charges, higher impairment and restructuring charges and a higher tax rate.~~interest expense.

The increase in net sales for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~primarily~~ driven by ~~strong~~ organic growth ~~(including positive pricing)~~in both the Engineered Bearings and Industrial Motion segments and the favorable impact of acquisitions (net of divestitures), partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate ch~~anges.~~changes. The increase in net income for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022 was primarily due to the favorable price/mix, ~~and~~ the impact of higher volume and lower material and logistics costs, partially offset by higher ~~material, logistics~~manufacturing and ~~other operating~~SG&A costs, as well as higher ~~pension mark-to-market~~impairment and restructuring charges and ~~a higher tax rate.~~interest expense.

Outlook:

The Company expects ~~2022~~2023 full-year revenue to be up approximately 7%8% compared to ~~2021, primarily due to higher demand across most end markets, positive pricing~~2022, driven by continued organic growth and the ~~continued execution~~benefit of ~~growth initiatives.~~acquisitions (net of divestitures). The Company's earnings are expected to be up in ~~2022~~2023 compared with ~~2021, primarily~~2022, due to the favorable impact of price/mix and ~~higher volume,~~lower material and logistics costs, partially offset by higher ~~material, logistics~~manufacturing and ~~other operating~~SG&A costs, ~~as well as~~higher impairment and restructuring charges, the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes and higher interest costs and a higher tax rate. In 2021, the Company experienced supply chain disruptions, inflationary cost pressures and staffing issues related to accelerating customer demand. Timken expects business conditions to remain challenging in 2022, due in part to the impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the ongoing Coronavirus ("COVID-19") lockdowns in China.expense.

The Company expects to generate a higher amount of cash from operating activities in 2023 compared to 2022, ~~above 2021 levels~~primarily driven by higher ~~earnings.~~earnings and improved working capital performance. The Company expects higher capital expenditures ~~between 4.0% and 4.5%~~in 2023 compared to 2022, but relatively in line with 2022 spending as a percentage of sales ~~in 2022, compared with 3.6% of sales ($148 million) in 2021.~~

(4.0%).

2731

Table of Contents

THE STATEMENT OF INCOME

~~Sales:~~Operating Income:

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 1,153.7 $ 1,062.9 $ 90.8 8.5 %


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	1,272.3		$	1,153.7		$	118.6	10.3%
Cost of products sold	866.9			801.3			65.6		8.2%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	184.9			155.9			29.0		18.6%
Amortization of intangible assets	17.3			10.6			6.7		63.2%
Impairment and restructuring charges	2.5			10.0			(7.5)		(75.0%)
Operating income	$	200.7		$	175.9		24.8		14.1%
Operating income % to net sales	15.8		%	15.2		%			60	bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 2,278.3 $ 2,088.3 $ 190.0 9.1 %


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	2,535.1		$	2,278.3		$	256.8	11.3%
Cost of products sold	1,712.9			1,587.6			125.3		7.9%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	371.7			310.0			61.7		19.9%
Amortization of intangible assets	30.8			21.5			9.3		43.3%
Impairment and restructuring charges	31.4			11.0			20.4		NM
Operating income	$	388.3		$	348.2		40.1		11.5%
Operating income % to net sales	15.3		%	15.3		%			—	bps

Net sales increased for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, ~~2021.~~2022. The increase was ~~primarily due to strong~~driven by the benefit of acquisitions (net of divestitures) of $77 million and organic growth (including pricing) of $52 million, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of $11 million. Net sales increased for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2022. The increase was driven by organic growth (including pricing) of $176 million and the benefit of acquisitions (net of divestitures) of $122 million, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of ~~$35~~$41 million. ~~The higher organic revenue was driven by higher demand across most market sectors in the Mobile and Process Industries segments and higher net pricing.~~

~~Net sales~~Operating income increased for the ~~six~~three months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, 2022, ~~compared with~~due to favorable impact of higher sales net of cost of products sold, and lower impairment and restructuring charges, partially offset by higher SG&A expenses and increased amortization expense. Operating income increased for the six months ended June 30, ~~2021. The increase was primarily~~2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2022, due to ~~strong organic growth~~favorable impact of ~~$235~~higher sales net of cost of products sold, partially offset by higher SG&A expenses, higher impairment and restructuring charges and increased amortization expense.

•Cost of products sold increased for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, 2022, due to the incremental cost of goods sold from acquisitions (net of divestitures) of $55 million and higher manufacturing costs of $39 million, partially offset by lower material and logistics costs of $22 million and the ~~unfavorable~~ impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of ~~$50~~$6 million. Cost of products sold increased for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2022, due to higher manufacturing costs, net of favorable mix impact, of $94 million and the incremental cost of goods sold from acquisitions (net of divestitures) of $89 million, partially offset by lower material and logistics costs of $36 million and the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of $22 million. The higher ~~organic revenue was driven by higher demand across most market sectors~~manufacturing costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 reflect continued labor and input cost inflation, as well as the impact of reduced inventory build in the ~~Mobile and Process Industries segments and higher net pricing.~~2023 periods compared to the same periods a year ago.

~~Gross Profit:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Gross profit $ 341.8 $ 302.3 $ 39.5 13.1%
Gross profit % to net sales 29.6 % 28.4 % 120 bps

Table of Contents

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Gross profit $ 669.2 $ 601.5 $ 67.7 11.3%
Gross profit % to net sales 29.4 % 28.8 % 60 bps

~~Gross profit~~•SG&A expenses increased for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~2022, primarily due to ~~favorable price/mix of $73 million and~~ the impact of acquisitions and increased spending to support the higher ~~volume of $25 million, partially offset by higher material~~sales and ~~logistics costs of $44 million, unfavorable manufacturing performance of $7 million and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of $5 million.~~

~~Gross profit~~business activity levels. SG&A expenses increased for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~2022, primarily due to ~~favorable price/mix of $118 million and~~ the impact of higher volume of $54 million, partially offset by higher material and logistics costs of $89 million, unfavorable manufacturing performance of $8 million and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of $5 million.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Selling, General and Administrative ("SG&A") Expenses:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 155.9 $ 149.0 $ 6.9 4.6 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses % to net sales 13.5 % 14.0 % (50) bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 310.0 $ 293.5 $ 16.5 5.6 %
Selling, general and administrative expenses % to net sales 13.6 % 14.1 % (50) bps

~~SG&A expenses increased for the~~ ~~three and six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2022 compared with the~~ ~~three and six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2021. The increase for the~~ ~~three and six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to the year-ago periods, was primarily due to~~acquisitions, higher compensation costs and increased spending to support the higher sales and business activity levels.

~~Impairment~~•Amortization of intangible assets increased for the three and ~~Restructuring:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Impairment charges $ 8.8 $ 1.1 $ 7.7 NM
Severance and related benefit costs 1.1 0.1 1.0 NM
Exit costs 0.1 0.1 — — %
Total $ 10.0 $ 1.3 $ 8.7 NM

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Impairment charges $ 8.8 $ 4.5 $ 4.3 95.6 %
Severance and related benefit costs 1.4 0.6 0.8 133.3 %
Exit costs 0.8 0.2 0.6 300.0 %
Total $ 11.0 $ 5.3 $ 5.7 107.5 %

~~Impairment and restructuring charges of $10.0 million and $11.0 million during~~six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, primarily due to the addition of intangible assets from the GGB acquisition, which was completed in the fourth quarter of 2022, and the Nadella acquisition, which was completed in the second quarter of 2023.

•Impairment and restructuring charges were ~~comprised~~lower for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, 2022, primarily ofdue to impairment charges recorded in the second quarter of 2022 related to ~~property, plant and equipment at~~ the Company's ~~joint venture~~operations in Russia. ~~In addition,~~As a result of Russia's invasion of Ukraine (and associated sanctions), the Company ~~incurred severance~~suspended its operations in Russia. Refer to Russia Operations below for additional information. Impairment and ~~related benefits, and exit costs associated with~~restructuring charges were higher for the ~~closure of the Company's Villa Carcina, Italy bearing plant during the three and~~ six months ended June 30, ~~2022. This initiative was undertaken to reduce headcount and continue to right-size~~2023 compared with the ~~Company's manufacturing footprint.~~

~~Impairment and restructuring charges of $1.3 million and $5.3 million during the~~ ~~three and~~ six months ended June 30, ~~2021 were comprised~~2022 primarily due to the impairment of goodwill, partially offset by the Russia-related charges in 2022 discussed above. During the first quarter of 2023, the Company reviewed goodwill for impairment ~~charges related~~for its reporting units due to ~~certain engineering-related assets used~~the change in reporting segments that went into effect on January 1, 2023. As a result of this analysis the Company determined that one of the new reporting units within the Industrial Motion segment could not support the carrying value of its goodwill, and subsequently recorded a pretax impairment loss of $28.3 million in the business. Management concluded no further investment would be made in the engineering-related assets and as a result, reduced the value to zero. In addition, severance and related benefits were associated with initiatives to reduce headcount and right-size the Company's manufacturing footprint, including the planned closurefirst quarter of ~~the Company's Indianapolis, Indiana chain plant and the planned closure of the Company's Villa Carcina, Italy bearing plant.~~2023.

~~Refer to~~ ~~Note 14 - Impairment and Restructuring Charges~~ in~~the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

Interest Income and Expense:


		Three Months Ended June 30,									Three Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		$ Change		% Change			2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Interest expense	Interest expense	$	(18.3)	$	(15.3)	$	(3.0)	19.6	%	Interest expense	$	(28.3)	$	(18.3)	$	(10.0)	54.6	%
Interest income	Interest income	1.0		0.7		$	0.3	42.9	%	Interest income	1.9		1.0		$	0.9	90.0	%


		Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		$ Change		% Change			2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Interest expense	Interest expense	$	(32.6)	$	(30.2)	$	(2.4)	7.9	%	Interest expense	$	(52.4)	$	(32.6)	$	(19.8)	60.7	%
Interest income	Interest income	1.6		1.2		$	0.4	33.3	%	Interest income	3.4		1.6		$	1.8	112.5	%

The increase in interest expense for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~primarily~~ due to increased debt levels and higher average ~~debt outstanding due to the~~ interest rates.

~~issuance~~Table of ~~the $350 million 2032 Notes in March 2022. A portion of the proceeds from these notes was used to fund the acquisition of Spinea in the second quarter of 2022.~~Contents

Other Income (Expense):

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Non-service pension and other postretirement
(expense) income $ (7.9) $ 1.4 $ (9.3) NM
Other expense, net (1.1) (2.2) 1.1 (50.0) %
Total other expense $ (9.0) $ (0.8) $ (8.2) NM


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change

Non-service pension and other postretirement income (expense)	$	—	$	(7.9)	$	7.9	(100.0)	%
Other income (expense)	2.3		(1.1)		3.4		NM
Total other income (expense)	$	2.3	$	(9.0)	$	11.3	(125.6)	%

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Non-service pension and other postretirement
(expense) income $ (6.6) $ 5.4 $ (12.0) (222.2) %
Other expense, net (0.9) (1.2) 0.3 (25.0) %
Total other (expense) income $ (7.5) $ 4.2 $ (11.7) (278.6) %


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change

Non-service pension and other postretirement income (expense)	$	0.1	$	(6.6)	$	6.7	(101.5)	%
Other income (expense)	5.4		(0.9)		6.3		NM
Total other income (expense)	$	5.5	$	(7.5)	$	13.0	(173.3)	%

Non-service pension and other postretirement income (expense) ~~income decreased~~increased for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2021, primarily due~~2022. The Company recognized pension remeasurement gains in 2023 compared to ~~higher~~ pension remeasurement losses in 2022. ~~The remeasurements were triggered~~This favorable impact was partially offset by ~~expected lump sum payments to new retirees exceeding annual service and interest costs for two~~the impact of ~~the Company's U.S. defined benefit pension plans. As a result of the remeasurements, the Company recognized net actuarial losses of $11.6 million and $3.5 million during the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, respectively, and $14.2 million and $4.4 million during the~~ ~~six months ended~~ ~~June 30, 2022 and June 30, 2021, respectively. In addition, the decrease was due to~~ a lower expected return on pension plan assets ~~in 2022. Refer~~and higher interest expense on pension plan obligations. Refer to Note 1516 - Retirement Benefit Plans and Note 1617 - Other Postretirement Benefit Plans in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Other income (expense) increased for the six months ended June 30,

2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2022 due to gains on divestitures of $4.8 million primarily related to the sale of SE Setco, a 50% owned joint venture.

~~Table of Contents~~

Income Tax Expense:

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Provision for income taxes $ 44.0 $ 29.4 $ 14.6 49.7 %
Effective tax rate 29.4 % 21.5 % 790 bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Provision for income taxes $ 82.2 $ 54.7 $ 27.5 50.3 %
Effective tax rate 26.5 % 19.7 % 680 bps


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Provision for income taxes	$	47.1		$	44.0		$	3.1	7.0	%
Effective tax rate	26.7		%	29.4		%			(270)	bps


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Provision for income taxes	$	89.6		$	82.2		$	7.4	9.0	%
Effective tax rate	26.0		%	26.5		%			(50)	bps

Income tax expense increased ~~$14.6~~$3.1 million for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, ~~2021 primarily~~2022 due to higher pre-tax earnings and an ~~unfavorable~~increase in the mix of earnings in non-U.S. jurisdictions with relatively higher tax ~~rate jurisdictions,~~rates, partially offset by the ~~unfavorable~~net favorable impact of discrete tax items ~~and lower deductions for stock-based compensation.~~in comparison to the year ago period.

Income tax expense increased ~~$27.5~~$7.4 million for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, ~~2021 primarily~~2022 due to higher pre-tax earnings and an ~~unfavorable~~increase in the mix of earnings in non-U.S. jurisdictions with relatively higher tax ~~rate jurisdictions,~~rates, partially offset by the ~~unfavorable~~net favorable impact of discrete tax items ~~including a discrete tax benefit recorded~~ in comparison to the ~~prior period in connection with the settlement of the 2017 and 2018 U.S. federal tax years, and lower deductions for stock-based compensation.~~year ago period.

Refer to Note 6 - Income Taxes for more information on the computation of the income tax expense in interim periods.

3134

Table of Contents

BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The Company's reportable segments are product-based business ~~units~~groups that serve ~~different industry sectors. While the segments operate using shared infrastructure, each reportable segment is managed to address specific customer needs~~customers in ~~these~~ diverse ~~market sectors.~~industrial markets. The primary measurement used by management to measure the financial performance of each segment is EBITDA. Refer to Note 54 - Segment Information in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the reconciliation of EBITDA by segment to consolidated income before income taxes.

The presentation of segment results below includes a reconciliation of the changes in net sales for each segment reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP to net sales adjusted to remove the effects of acquisitions and divestitures completed in ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 and foreign currency exchange rate changes. The effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes on net sales are removed to allow investors and the Company to meaningfully evaluate the percentage change in net sales on a comparable basis from period to period.

The following item represents the Company's acquisitions and divestitures completed in ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

•The Company acquired Nadella during the second quarter of 2023. Results for Nadella are reported in the Industrial Motion segment.

•The Company acquired ARB during the first quarter of 2023. Results for ARB are reported in the Engineered Bearings segment.

•The Company acquired GGB during the fourth quarter of 2022. Results for GGB are reported in the Engineered Bearings segment.

•The Company completed the sale of ADS during the fourth quarter of 2022. Results for ADS were reported in the Industrial Motion segment.

•The Company completed the sale of Timken-Rus Service Company ooo ("Timken Russia") during the third quarter of 2022. Results for Timken Russia were reported in the Engineered Bearings segment.

•The Company acquired Spinea during the second quarter of 2022. ~~The majority of the results~~Results for Spinea are reported in the ~~Process Industries~~Industrial Motion segment.

•~~The Company acquired iMS during the third quarter of 2021. The majority of the results for iMS are reported~~ ~~in the Process Industries segment.~~

~~Mobile Industries Segment:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Net sales $ 543.6 $ 494.2 $ 49.4 10.0%
EBITDA $ 69.1 $ 67.3 $ 1.8 2.7%
EBITDA margin 12.7 % 13.6 % (90) bps

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 543.6 $ 494.2 $ 49.4 10.0 %
Less: Currency (15.7) — (15.7) NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of currency $ 559.3 $ 494.2 $ 65.1 13.2 %

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Net sales $ 1,084.0 $ 998.7 $ 85.3 8.5%
EBITDA $ 144.2 $ 146.9 $ (2.7) (1.8%)
EBITDA margin 13.3 % 14.7 % (90) bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 1,084.0 $ 998.7 $ 85.3 8.5 %
Less: Currency (24.9) — (24.9) NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of currency $ 1,108.9 $ 998.7 $ 110.2 11.0 %

Table of Contents

Engineered Bearings Segment:


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	857.2		$	798.3		$	58.9	7.4%
EBITDA	$	185.5		$	167.5		$	18.0	10.7%
EBITDA margin	21.6		%	21.0		%			60	bps


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	$	857.2	$	798.3	$	58.9	7.4	%
Less: Acquisitions	57.4				57.4		NM
Divestitures	(1.3)				(1.3)		NM
Currency	(10.1)				(10.1)		NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions, divestitures and currency	$	811.2	$	798.3	$	12.9	1.6	%


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	1,757.9		$	1,570.7		$	187.2	11.9%
EBITDA	$	390.5		$	335.8		$	54.7	16.3%
EBITDA margin	22.2		%	21.4		%			80	bps


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	$	1,757.9	$	1,570.7	$	187.2	11.9	%
Less: Acquisitions	113.1				113.1		NM
Divestitures	(4.8)				(4.8)		NM
Currency	(32.3)				(32.3)		NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions, divestitures and currency	$	1,681.9	$	1,570.7	$	111.2	7.1	%

The ~~Mobile Industries~~Engineered Bearings segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased ~~$65.1~~$12.9 million or ~~13.2%~~1.6% in the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~ ~~reflecting increased shipments~~2022. The increase reflects higher pricing across the segment and higher sales volume in the ~~off-highway, automotive,~~renewable energy, rail and heavy ~~truck~~industries sectors, ~~as well as higher net pricing,~~ partially offset by lower ~~shipments~~sales volume in the ~~aerospace sector.~~ distribution, auto/truck and general industrial sectors. EBITDA increased by ~~$1.8~~$18.0 million or ~~2.7%~~10.7% for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~2022, primarily due to favorable price/mix, lower material and logistics costs, the benefit of acquisitions and lower Russia related charges, partially offset by higher manufacturing costs, the impact of lower volume, and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes.

The Engineered Bearings segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased $111.2 million or 7.1% in the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2022. The increase reflects higher pricing across the segment and higher sales volume in the renewable energy, rail and heavy industries sectors, partially offset by lower sales volume in the distribution and auto/truck sectors. EBITDA increased by $54.7 million or 16.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2022, primarily due to favorable price/mix, lower material and logistics costs and the benefit of acquisitions, partially offset by higher manufacturing and SG&A costs, and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes.

Table of Contents

Industrial Motion Segment:


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	415.1		$	355.4		$	59.7	16.8%
EBITDA	$	80.9		$	65.1		$	15.8	24.3%
EBITDA margin	19.5		%	18.3		%			120	bps


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	$	415.1	$	355.4	$	59.7	16.8	%
Less: Acquisitions	31.3				31.3		NM
Divestitures	(10.3)				(10.3)		NM
Currency	(1.1)				(1.1)		NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions, divestitures and currency	$	395.2	$	355.4	$	39.8	11.2	%


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	777.2		$	707.6		$	69.6	9.8%
EBITDA	$	129.1		$	127.5		$	1.6	1.3%
EBITDA margin	16.6		%	18.0		%			(140)	bps


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023		2022		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	$	777.2	$	707.6	$	69.6	9.8	%
Less: Acquisitions	36.6				36.6		NM
Divestitures	(23.1)				(23.1)		NM
Currency	(8.5)				(8.5)		NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions, divestitures and currency	$	772.2	$	707.6	$	64.6	9.1	%

The Industrial Motion segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased $39.8 million or 11.2% in the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, 2022. The increase reflects higher pricing across the segment and higher sales volume in the drive systems, services and automatic lubrication systems platforms, partially offset by lower sales volume in the belts and chain platform. EBITDA increased $15.8 million or 24.3% for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the three months ended June 30, 2022 primarily due to favorable price/mix and the impact of higher sales volume, partially offset by higher ~~material, logistics and other operating costs, higher impairment and restructuring charges, and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes.~~SG&A costs.

The ~~Mobile Industries~~Industrial Motion segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased ~~$110.2~~$64.6 million or ~~11.0%~~9.1% in the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, ~~2021, reflecting increased shipments~~2022. The increase reflects higher pricing across the segment and higher sales volume in the ~~off-highway, rail~~drive systems, services, automatic lubrication systems and ~~heavy truck sectors, as well as higher net pricing,~~linear motion platforms, partially offset by lower ~~shipments~~sales volume in the ~~aerospace sector.~~belts and chain platform. EBITDA ~~decreased by $2.7~~increased $1.6 million or ~~1.8%~~1.3% for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared with the six months ended June 30, ~~2021,~~2022 primarily due to favorable price/mix, the impact of higher sales volume and lower material and logistics ~~and other operating~~ costs, mostly offset by higher impairment and restructuring charges, ~~partially offset by favorable price/mix~~ and higher manufacturing and SG&A costs. The higher impairment and restructuring charges were primarily related to the ~~impact~~impairment of ~~higher volume.~~

~~Process Industries Segment:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Net sales $ 610.1 $ 568.7 $ 41.4 7.3%
EBITDA $ 163.5 $ 141.2 $ 22.3 15.8%
EBITDA margin 26.8 % 24.8 % 200 bps

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 610.1 $ 568.7 $ 41.4 7.3 %
Less: Acquisitions 3.9 — 3.9 NM
Currency (19.0) — (19.0) NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions and currency $ 625.2 $ 568.7 $ 56.5 9.9 %

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Net sales $ 1,194.3 $ 1,089.6 $ 104.7 9.6%
EBITDA $ 319.1 $ 272.2 $ 46.9 17.2%
EBITDA margin 26.7 % 25.0 % 170 bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 1,194.3 $ 1,089.6 $ 104.7 9.6 %
Less: Acquisitions 5.1 — 5.1 NM
Currency (25.0) — (25.0) NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions and currency $ 1,214.2 $ 1,089.6 $ 124.6 11.4 %
goodwill for one of the segment's reporting units.

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~~The Process Industries segment's net sales, excluding~~Unallocated Corporate


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Unallocated corporate expense	$	(13.2)		$	(13.4)		$	0.2	(1.5	%)
Unallocated corporate expense % to net sales	(1.0)		%	(1.2)		%			20	bps


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2023			2022			$ Change		Change
Unallocated corporate expense	$	(30.9)		$	(26.3)		$	(4.6)	17.5	%
Unallocated corporate expense % to net sales	(1.2)		%	(1.2)		%			—	bps

Unallocated corporate expense increased for the ~~effects of acquisitions and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased $56.5 million or 9.9% in~~six months ended June 30, 2023 compared with the ~~three~~six months ended June 30, 2022 ~~compared with the three months ended June 30, 2021~~. The increase was primarily driven by increased demand in the distribution, general industrial and heavy industries sectors, as well as higher net pricing, partially offset by lower revenue in the renewable energy sector. ~~EBITDA increased $22.3 million or 15.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared with the three months ended June 30, 2021~~primarily due to ~~favorable price/mix and the impact of higher volume, partially offset by higher material, logistics~~increased spending for professional services and other ~~operating costs.~~

~~The Process Industries segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased $124.6 million or 11.4% in the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2022 compared with the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2021~~. The increase was primarily driven by increased demand in the distribution, general industrial, heavy industries, marine and services sectors, as well as higher net pricing, partially offset by lower revenue in the renewable energy sector. ~~EBITDA increased $46.9 million or 17.2% for the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2022 compared with the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2021~~ ~~primarily due to favorable price/mix and the impact of higher volume, partially offset by higher material, logistics and other operating costs.~~

~~Unallocated Corporate:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Unallocated corporate expense $ (13.4) $ (11.6) $ (1.8) 15.5 %
Unallocated corporate expense % to net sales (1.2) % (1.1) % (10) bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2022 2021 $ Change Change
Unallocated corporate expense $ (26.3) $ (23.2) $ (3.1) 13.4 %
Unallocated corporate expense % to net sales (1.2) % (1.1) % (10) bps

~~The increase in unallocated~~ corporate ~~expense for the~~ ~~three and six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2022 compared with the~~ ~~three and six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2021~~ ~~was primarily due to higher compensation expense and other spending to support increased business activity levels.~~

expenses.

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CASH FLOW


		Six Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		$ Change			2023		2022		$ Change

Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	$	77.1	$	178.8	$	(101.7)	Net cash provided by operating activities	$	222.6	$	77.1	$	145.5

Net cash used in investing activities	Net cash used in investing activities	(198.7)		(73.9)		(124.8)		Net cash used in investing activities	(412.0)		(198.7)		(213.3)

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		177.4		(118.9)		296.3
Net cash provided by financing activities								Net cash provided by financing activities	209.0		177.4		31.6
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(7.7)		(0.8)		(6.9)		Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(8.0)		(7.7)		(0.3)
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash		$	48.1	$	(14.8)	$	62.9
Increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash								Increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	11.6	$	48.1	$	(36.5)

Operating Activities:

The ~~decrease~~increase in net cash provided by operating activities for the first six months of ~~2022~~2023 compared with the first six months of ~~2021~~2022 was primarily due to ~~an increase~~a decrease in cash used for working capital items of ~~$143.0~~$134.0 million and an increase in net income of $27.7 million, partially offset by ~~an increase~~a reduction in the benefit of ~~incom~~eincome taxes on cash of ~~$21.2 million, a decrease in pension and other postretirement benefit contributions and payments of $6.9 million, higher net income of $4.3 million and a decrease in other items.~~$43.3 million. Refer to the tables below for additional detail of the impact of each line item on net cash provided by operating activities.

The following table displays the impact of working capital items on cash during the six months of ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively:


		Six Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		$ Change			2023		2022		$ Change
Cash (used in) provided by:	Cash (used in) provided by:							Cash (used in) provided by:
Accounts receivable	Accounts receivable	$	(149.3)	$	(125.8)	$	(23.5)	Accounts receivable	$	(87.4)	$	(149.3)	$	61.9
Unbilled receivables	Unbilled receivables	(2.9)		10.4		(13.3)		Unbilled receivables	(17.7)		(2.9)		(14.8)
Inventories	Inventories	(126.1)		(81.4)		(44.7)		Inventories	15.3		(126.1)		141.4
Trade accounts payable	Trade accounts payable	(6.1)		41.2		(47.3)		Trade accounts payable	(14.9)		(6.1)		(8.8)
Other accrued expenses	Other accrued expenses	16.6		30.8		(14.2)		Other accrued expenses	(29.1)		16.6		(45.7)
Cash used in working capital items	Cash used in working capital items	$	(267.8)	$	(124.8)	$	(143.0)	Cash used in working capital items	$	(133.8)	$	(267.8)	$	134.0

The following table displays the impact of income taxes on cash during the first six months of ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively:


		Six Months Ended June 30,							Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		$ Change			2023		2022		$ Change
Accrued income tax expense	Accrued income tax expense	$	82.2	$	54.7	$	27.5	Accrued income tax expense	$	89.6	$	82.2	$	7.4
Income tax payments	Income tax payments	(68.3)		(53.1)		(15.2)		Income tax payments	(119.4)		(68.3)		(51.1)
Other items	Other items	(0.1)		(9.0)		8.9		Other items	0.3		(0.1)		0.4
Change in income taxes	Change in income taxes	$	13.8	$	(7.4)	$	21.2	Change in income taxes	$	(29.5)	$	13.8	$	(43.3)

Investing Activities:

The increase in net cash used in investing activities for the first six months of ~~2022~~2023 compared with the first six months of ~~2021~~2022 was primarily due to an increase in cash used for acquisitions of ~~$152.4~~$172.3 million, an increase in net investments in short-term marketable securities of $24.2 million and an increase in capital expenditures of ~~$14.7~~$16.1 million

Financing Activities:

The increase in net cash provided by financing activities for the first six months of 2023 compared with the first six months of 2022 was primarily due to cash proceeds of $284.8 million on the sale of shares of TIL, a subsidiary of the Company, in the second quarter of 2023, partially offset by a decrease in ~~cash used for investments in short-term marketable securities of $37.2 million.~~

~~Financing Activities:~~

~~The change in net cash used in financing activities for the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2022 compared with the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2021 was primarily due to an increase in~~ net borrowings of ~~$419.4 million, partially offset by an increase in the purchases of treasury shares of $118.0~~$247.6 million.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Reconciliation of total debt to net debt and the ratio of net debt to capital:

Net Debt:


		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt	Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt	$	81.6	$	53.8	Short-term debt, including current portion of long-term debt	$	53.2	$	49.0

Long-term debt	Long-term debt	1,734.3		1,411.1		Long-term debt	2,046.5		1,914.2
Total debt	Total debt	$	1,815.9	$	1,464.9	Total debt	$	2,099.7	$	1,963.2
Less: Cash and cash equivalents	Less: Cash and cash equivalents	305.3		257.1		Less: Cash and cash equivalents	344.3		331.6
Net debt	Net debt	$	1,510.6	$	1,207.8	Net debt	$	1,755.4	$	1,631.6

Ratio of Net Debt to Capital:


		June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021				June 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Net debt	Net debt	$	1,510.6		$	1,207.8		Net debt	$	1,755.4		$	1,631.6
Total equity	Total equity	2,289.2			2,377.7			Total equity	2,650.0			2,352.9
Net debt plus total equity (capital)	Net debt plus total equity (capital)	$	3,799.8		$	3,585.5		Net debt plus total equity (capital)	$	4,405.4		$	3,984.5
Ratio of net debt to capital	Ratio of net debt to capital	39.8		%	33.7		%	Ratio of net debt to capital	39.8		%	40.9		%

The Company presents net debt because it believes net debt is more representative of the Company's financial position than total debt due to the amount of cash and cash equivalents held by the Company and the ability to utilize such cash and cash equivalents to reduce debt if needed.

At June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company had strong liquidity with ~~$305.3~~$344.3 million of cash and cash equivalents on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, as well as ~~$741.7~~$630.0 million of available ~~resources from~~under committed credit lines. Of the ~~$305.3~~$344.3 million of cash and cash equivalents, ~~$257.0~~$331.8 million resided in jurisdictions outside the United States. Repatriation of non-U.S. cash could be subject to taxes and some portion may be subject to governmental restrictions. ~~As of June 30, 2022, Timken has $17.8 million of cash in Russia, which the Company is presently unable to repatriate.~~ Part of the Company's strategy is to grow in attractive market sectors, many of which are outside the United States. This strategy includes making investments in facilities, equipment and potential new acquisitions. The Company plans to fund these investments, as well as meet working capital requirements, with cash and cash equivalents and unused lines of credit within the geographic location of these investments where feasible.

On ~~June 25, 2019,~~December 5, 2022, the Company entered into the Credit Agreement, which is comprised of the $750.0 million Senior Credit Facility and the $400.0 million 2027 Term Loan that each mature on December 5, 2027. The Credit Agreement amended and restated the Company's previous revolving credit agreement that was set to mature on June 25, 2024, and replaced the $350.0 million 2023 Term Loan. The Credit Agreement also replaced interest rates based on LIBOR with interest rates based on SOFR. At June 30, 2023, the Company had $133.2 million of outstanding borrowings and $1.8 million of letters of credit under the Senior Credit Facility, which ~~is a $650.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility that matures on June 25, 2024. At June 30, 2022, the Senior Credit Facility had outstanding borrowings of $8.3 million, which~~ reduced the availability under this facility to ~~$641.7~~$615.0 million. The ~~Senior~~ Credit ~~Facility~~Agreement has two financial covenants: a consolidated leverage ratio and a consolidated interest coverage ratio. The maximum consolidated leverage ratio permitted under the Senior Credit Facility is 3.5 to 1.0. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company's consolidated leverage ratio was ~~2.36~~1.85 to 1.0. The minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio permitted under the Senior Credit Facility is 3.0 to 1.0. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company's consolidated interest coverage ratio was ~~12.64~~10.47 to 1.0.

The interest rate under the Senior Credit Facility is variable with a spread based on the Company's debt rating. The average rate on outstanding U.S. dollar borrowings was 6.27% and the average rate on outstanding Euro borrowings was ~~1.00%~~4.07% as of June 30, ~~2022.~~2023. In addition, the Company pays a facility fee based on the applicable rate, which is variable with a spread based on the Company's debt rating, multiplied by the aggregate commitments of all of the lenders under the Senior Credit Facility. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company carried investment-grade credit ratings with both Moody's (Baa2) and S&P Global (BBB-).

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The Company has a $100 million Accounts Receivable Facility, which matures on November 30, 2024. The Accounts Receivable Facility is subject to certain borrowing base limitations and is secured by certain domestic trade accounts receivable of the Company. As of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company had no$85 million of outstanding borrowings under the Accounts Receivable Facility and no borrowing base limitations. ~~Availability~~There was $15 million of availability under the Accounts Receivable Facility ~~was $100 million~~ as of June 30, ~~2022.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

2023.

Other sources of liquidity include uncommitted short-term lines of credit for certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries, which provide for borrowings of up to ~~approximately $254.4~~$246.1 million. At June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company had borrowings outstanding of ~~$70.3~~$49.8 million and bank guarantees of ~~$0.2~~$2.7 million, which reduced the aggregate availability under these facilities to ~~approximately $183.9~~$193.6 million.

On March 28, 2022, the Company issued the 2032 Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $350 million with an interest rate of 4.125%, maturing on April 1, ~~2032~~.2032. Proceeds from the ~~notes~~2032 Notes were used for general corporate purposes, which included repayment of borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility and the Accounts Receivable Facility outstanding at the time of issuance. ~~In addition, a portion of the proceeds from the notes was used to fund the Spinea acquisition, which closed in the second quarter of 2022.~~

At June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company was in full compliance with all applicable covenants on its outstanding debt.

Financing Obligations and Other Commitments:

During the first six months of ~~2022,~~2023, the Company made cash contributions and payments of ~~$6.2~~$6.3 million to its global defined benefit pension plans and ~~$1.9~~$0.9 million to its other postretirement benefit plans. The Company expects to make contributions to its global defined benefit plans of approximately ~~$10~~$25 million in ~~2022.~~2023. The Company expects to make payments of approximately $5$4 million to its other postretirement benefit plans in ~~2022.~~2023. Excluding mark-to-market charges, the Company expects higher pension and other postretirement benefits expense in ~~2022~~2023 compared to ~~2021~~2022 primarily due to lower expected returns on pension plan assets and higher interest ~~expense, partially offset by lower service costs.~~expense.

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements with unconsolidated entities or other persons.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The Company's financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. The Company reviews its critical accounting policies throughout the year. The Company has concluded that there have been no significant changes to its critical accounting policies or estimates, as described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, during the six months ended June 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

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OTHER MATTERS

Foreign Currency:

Assets and liabilities of subsidiaries are translated at the rate of exchange in effect on the balance sheet date; income and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the reporting period. Related translation adjustments are reflected as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from transactions, and the related hedging activity, are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

For the six months ended June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company recorded negative foreign currency translation adjustments of ~~$134.2~~$0.2 million that decreased shareholders' equity, compared with negative foreign currency translation adjustments of ~~$20.2~~$134.2 million that decreased shareholders' equity for the six months ended June 30, ~~2021.~~2022. The foreign currency translation adjustments for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 were ~~negatively~~positively impacted by the ~~strengthening~~weakening of the U.S. dollar relative to other foreign currencies, including the ~~Euro, Chinese Yuan and Indian Rupee.~~Euro.

Foreign currency exchange gains and losses, net of hedging activity, resulting from transactions included in the Company's operating results for the three months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 totaled $1.7 million of net gains, compared with $2.3 million of netnet gains ~~compared with~~ ~~$3.5 million of net losses durin~~gduring the three months ended June 30, ~~2021.~~2022. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses, net of hedging activity, resulting from transactions included in the Company's operating results for the six months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 totaled ~~$4.6 million of net gains,~~ ~~compared with~~ ~~$5.6~~$1.3 million of net losses, ~~durin~~gcompared with $4.6 million of net gains during the six months ended June 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

Russia Operations:

The Company ~~has~~had two subsidiaries in Russia prior to Russia's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, including Timken Russia, which was 100% owned by Timken and a 51%-owned joint venture to serve the Russian rail market ~~in Russia.~~("Rail JV"). As a result of Russia's invasion of Ukraine (and associated sanctions), the Company suspended operations and recorded property, plant and equipment impairment charges of ~~$8.8~~$9.0 million and inventory write-downs of ~~$4.3~~$4.1 million during the ~~six months~~year ended ~~June 30,~~December 31, 2022. During the third quarter of 2022, the Company sold its Timken Russia business resulting in a loss of $2.7 million on the sale. After giving effect to these impairments and write-downs, as well as the sale of Timken Russia, as of June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company has net assets (net of noncontrolling interest of ~~$8.7~~$4.4 million), totaling ~~$17.5~~$7.1 million on its Consolidated Balance Sheet related to its ~~Russia operations.~~Rail JV. Net assets ~~related to the Company's Russia operations~~ include ~~$17.8~~$6.9 million of cash and cash ~~equivalents.~~equivalents that the Company has classified as restricted as the Company is presently unable to repatriate these funds to one of its subsidiaries outside of Russia. The Company will continue to monitor the events in Russia and Ukraine and may record additional asset impairments or ~~write-offs~~other losses in the future.

Quarterly Dividend:

On August 2, 2023, the Company's Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.33 per common share. The quarterly dividend will be paid on August 28, 2023 to shareholders of record as of August 15, 2023. This will be the 405th consecutive quarterly dividend paid on the common shares of the Company.

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NON-GAAP MEASURES

Supplemental Non-GAAP Measures:

In addition to results reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company provides information on non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures include adjusted net income, adjusted earnings per share, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margins, segment adjusted EBITDA and segment adjusted EBITDA margins, ratio of net debt to adjusted EBITDA (for the trailing 12 months), net debt, ratio of net debt to capital and free cash flow. This information is intended to supplement GAAP financial measures and is not intended to replace GAAP financial measures. Net debt and the ratio of net debt to capital is disclosed in the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section of Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA:

Adjusted net income and adjusted earnings per share represent net income attributable to The Timken Company and diluted earnings per share, respectively, adjusted for intangible amortization, impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges, acquisition costs, including transaction costs and the amortization of the inventory step-up, property losses and recoveries, actuarial gains and losses associated with the remeasurement of the Company's defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans, gains and losses on the sale of real estate, gains and losses on divestitures, the income tax impact of these adjustments, as well as other discrete income tax ~~discrete~~ items, and other items from time to time that are not part of the Company's core operations. Management believes adjusted net income and adjusted earnings per share are useful to investors as they are representative of the Company's core operations and are used in the management of the business.

Adjusted EBITDA represents earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, adjusted for items that are not part of the Company's core operations. These items include intangible amortization, impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges, acquisition costs, including transaction costs and the amortization of the inventory step-up, property losses and recoveries, actuarial gains and losses associated with the remeasurement of the Company's defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans, gains and losses on the sale of real estate, gains and losses on divestitures, and other items from time to time that are not part of the Company's core operations. Management believes adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors as it is representative of the Company's core operations and is used in the management of the business, including decisions concerning the allocation of resources and assessment of performance.

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Reconciliation of net income attributable to The Timken Company to adjusted net income, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA Margin:


		Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,							Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022			2021			2022			2021				2023			2022			2023			2022
Net Sales	Net Sales	$	1,153.7		$	1,062.9		$	2,278.3		$	2,088.3		Net Sales	$	1,272.3		$	1,153.7		$	2,535.1		$	2,278.3
Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company	Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company	105.0			104.8			223.2			218.1			Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company	125.2			105.0			247.5			223.2
Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company as a Percentage of Sales														Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company as a Percentage of Sales	9.8		%	9.1		%	9.8		%	9.8		%
Adjustments:														Adjustments:
Acquisition intangible amortization														Acquisition intangible amortization	17.3			10.6			30.8			21.5
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	2.0			2.2			3.6			7.4			Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	6.1			2.1			36.1			3.7
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)		11.6			3.5			14.2			4.4
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related (income) expense (2)														Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related (income) expense (2)	(1.0)			11.6			(1.9)			14.2
Russia-related charges (3)	Russia-related charges (3)	8.4			—			13.0			—			Russia-related charges (3)	(0.1)			8.4			0.2			13.0
Acquisition-related charges (4)	Acquisition-related charges (4)	1.6			1.4			2.7			0.6			Acquisition-related charges (4)	3.8			1.6			8.5			2.7

Loss (gain) on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)														Loss (gain) on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)	0.4			(0.1)			(4.4)			(0.1)

Noncontrolling interest of above adjustments	Noncontrolling interest of above adjustments	(4.5)			—			(5.8)			0.2			Noncontrolling interest of above adjustments	—			(4.5)			(0.2)			(5.8)
Provision for income taxes (5)		(0.2)			(5.8)			(5.3)			(17.9)
Provision for income taxes (6)														Provision for income taxes (6)	(5.6)			(2.9)			(17.0)			(10.8)
Adjusted Net Income	Adjusted Net Income	$	123.9		$	106.1		$	245.6		$	212.8		Adjusted Net Income	$	146.1		$	131.8		$	299.6		$	261.6
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	0.6			2.4			4.3			5.1			Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	4.3			0.6			7.7			4.3
Provision for income taxes (as reported)	Provision for income taxes (as reported)	44.0			29.4			82.2			54.7			Provision for income taxes (as reported)	47.1			44.0			89.6			82.2
Interest expense	Interest expense	18.3			15.3			32.6			30.2			Interest expense	28.3			18.3			52.4			32.6
Interest income	Interest income	(1.0)			(0.7)			(1.6)			(1.2)			Interest income	(1.9)			(1.0)			(3.4)			(1.6)
Depreciation and amortization expense (6)		40.7			42.0			82.1			84.7
Depreciation and amortization expense (7)														Depreciation and amortization expense (7)	50.8			40.7			96.2			82.1
Less: Acquisition intangible amortization														Less: Acquisition intangible amortization	17.3			10.6			30.8			21.5
Less: Noncontrolling interest	Less: Noncontrolling interest	(4.5)			—			(5.8)			0.2			Less: Noncontrolling interest	—			(4.5)			(0.2)			(5.8)
Less: Provision for income taxes (5)		(0.2)			(5.8)			(5.3)			(17.9)
Less: Provision for income taxes (6)														Less: Provision for income taxes (6)	(5.6)			(2.9)			(17.0)			(10.8)
Adjusted EBITDA	Adjusted EBITDA	$	231.2		$	200.3		$	456.3		$	404.0		Adjusted EBITDA	$	263.0		$	231.2		$	528.5		$	456.3
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	20.0		%	18.8		%	20.0		%	19.3		%	Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	20.7		%	20.0		%	20.8		%	20.0		%

Diluted earnings and adjusted earnings per share in the table below are based on net income attributable to The Timken Company and adjusted net income, respectively, in the table above.


		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,					Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022
Diluted earnings per share (EPS)	Diluted earnings per share (EPS)	$	1.42	$	1.36	$	2.98	$	2.82	Diluted earnings per share (EPS)	$	1.73	$	1.42	$	3.39	$	2.98
Adjusted EPS	Adjusted EPS	$	1.67	$	1.37	$	3.28	$	2.75	Adjusted EPS	$	2.01	$	1.78	$	4.11	$	3.49
Diluted Shares	Diluted Shares	74,182,793		77,254,157		74,877,248		77,257,761		Diluted Shares	72,512,991		74,182,793		72,907,804		74,877,248

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Reconciliation of segment EBITDA to segment adjusted EBITDA and segment adjusted EBITDA margin:


		Three Months Ended June 30, 2022												Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
		Mobile			Process			Unallocated Corporate		Total				Engineered Bearings			Industrial Motion			Unallocated Corporate		Total
Net Sales	Net Sales	$	543.6		$	610.1		$	—	$	1,153.7		Net Sales	$	857.2		$	415.1		$	—	$	1,272.3
EBITDA	EBITDA	69.1			163.5			(25.0)		207.6			EBITDA	185.5			80.9			(12.2)		254.2
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	1.0						—		2.0			Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	4.1			1.5			0.1		5.7
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)		—						11.6
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related income (2)													Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related income (2)	—						(1.0)
Russia-related charges (3)	Russia-related charges (3)	9.4			(1.0)			—		8.4			Russia-related charges (3)	(0.1)			—					(0.1)
Acquisition-related charges (4)	Acquisition-related charges (4)	—			1.0			0.6		1.6			Acquisition-related charges (4)	0.1			3.1			0.6		3.8

Loss on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)													Loss on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)	—			0.4			—		0.4
Adjusted EBITDA	Adjusted EBITDA	$	79.5		$	164.5		$	(12.8)	$	231.2		Adjusted EBITDA	$	189.6		$	85.9		$	(12.5)	$	263.0
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	14.6		%	27.0		%	NM		20.0		%	Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	22.1		%	20.7		%	NM		20.7		%


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
	Engineered Bearings			Industrial Motion			Unallocated Corporate		Total
Net Sales	$	798.3		$	355.4		$	—	$	1,153.7
EBITDA	167.5			65.1			(25.0)		207.6
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	0.6			1.5			—		2.1
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)	—			—			11.6		11.6
Russia-related charges (3)	8.4			—			—		8.4
Acquisition-related charges (4)	—			1.0			0.6		1.6
Loss (gain) on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)	0.1			(0.2)			—		(0.1)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	176.6		$	67.4		$	(12.8)	$	231.2
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	22.1		%	19.0		%	NM		20.0		%


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
	Engineered Bearings			Industrial Motion			Unallocated Corporate		Total
Net Sales	$	1,757.9		$	777.2		$	—	$	2,535.1
EBITDA	390.5			129.1			(29.0)		490.6
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	5.2			30.2			0.1		35.5
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related income (2)	—			—			(1.9)		(1.9)
Russia-related charges (3)	0.2			—			—		0.2
Acquisition-related charges (4)	2.3			3.1			3.1		8.5

(Gain) loss on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)	(4.8)			0.4			—		(4.4)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	393.4		$	162.8		$	(27.7)	$	528.5
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	22.4		%	20.9		%	NM		20.8		%

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Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
Mobile Process Unallocated Corporate Total
Net Sales $ 494.2 $ 568.7 $ — $ 1,062.9
EBITDA 67.3 141.2 (15.1) 193.4
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization
charges (1)
1.2 0.8 — 2.0
Corporate pension and other postretirement
benefit related expense (2)
— — 3.5 3.5
Acquisition-related charges (3)
0.2 0.2 1.0 1.4
Adjusted EBITDA $ 68.7 $ 142.2 $ (10.6) $ 200.3
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales) 13.9 % 25.0 % NM 18.8 %

Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Mobile Process Unallocated Corporate Total
Net Sales $ 1,084.0 $ 1,194.3 $ — $ 2,278.3
EBITDA 144.2 319.1 (40.5) 422.8
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization
charges (1)
2.0 1.6 — 3.6
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit
related expense (2)
— — 14.2 14.2
Russia-related charges (3)
12.5 0.5 — 13.0
Acquisition-related charges (4)
— 1.4 1.3 2.7
Adjusted EBITDA $ 158.7 $ 322.6 $ (25.0) $ 456.3
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales) 14.6 % 27.0 % NM 20.0 %


		Six Months Ended June 30, 2021												Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
		Mobile			Process			Unallocated Corporate		Total				Engineered Bearings			Industrial Motion			Unallocated Corporate		Total
Net Sales	Net Sales	$	998.7		$	1,089.6		$	—	$	2,088.3		Net Sales	$	1,570.7		$	707.6		$	—	$	2,278.3
EBITDA	EBITDA	146.9			272.2			(27.0)		392.1			EBITDA	335.8			127.5			(40.5)		422.8
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	1.5			5.4			—		6.9			Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	1.6			2.1			—		3.7
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)	Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)	—						4.4					Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)	—			—			14.2		14.2
Acquisition-related charges (3)		0.4			0.3			(0.1)		0.6
Russia-related charges (3)													Russia-related charges (3)	13.0			—			—		13.0
Acquisition-related charges (4)													Acquisition-related charges (4)	—			1.4			1.3		2.7
Gain on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)													Gain on divestitures and sale of certain assets (5)	$	0.1		$	(0.2)		—		$	(0.1)
Adjusted EBITDA	Adjusted EBITDA	$	148.8		$	277.9		$	(22.7)	$	404.0		Adjusted EBITDA	$	350.5		$	130.8		$	(25.0)	$	456.3
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	14.9		%	25.5		%	NM		19.3		%	Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	22.3		%	18.5		%	NM		20.0		%

(1) Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (including items recorded in cost of products sold) relate to: (i) plant closures; (ii) the rationalization of certain plants; ~~and~~ (iii) severance related to cost reduction ~~initiatives.~~initiatives; and (iv) impairment of assets. Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges for 2023 included $28.3 million related to the impairment of goodwill. The Company re-assesses its operating footprint and cost structure periodically, and makes adjustments as needed that result in restructuring charges. However, management believes these actions are not representative of the Company’s core ~~operations.~~ operations.

(2) Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related (income) expense represents actuarial (gains) and losses ~~(gains)~~ that resulted from the remeasurement of plan assets and obligations as a result of changes in assumptions or experience. The Company recognizes actuarial ~~losses~~(gains) and ~~(gains)~~losses in connection with the annual remeasurement in the fourth quarter, or if specific events trigger a remeasurement. Refer to Note 1516 - Retirement Benefit Plans and Note 1617 - Other Postretirement Benefit Plans for additional discussion.

(3) Russia-related charges include impairments and allowances recorded against certain property, plant and equipment, inventory and trade receivables to reflect the current impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine (and associated sanctions) on the Company's operations. In addition to impairments and allowances recorded, the Company recorded a loss on the divestiture of its Timken Russia business during the fourth quarter of 2022. Refer to Russia Operations on page 3842 above for additional information.

(4) Acquisition-related charges represent ~~the contingent consideration related to the acquisition of iMS that closed on August 20, 2021, and~~ deal-related expenses associated with completed ~~and certain unsuccessful~~ transactions ~~as well as~~and any resulting inventory step-up impact. ~~In addition, the 2021 acquisition-related charges includes measurement period adjustments to the bargain purchase gain on the acquisition of the assets of Aurora that closed on November 30, 2020.~~

(5)Represents the net loss (gain) resulting from divestitures and the sale of certain assets.

(6) Provision for income taxes includes the net tax impact on pre-tax adjustments (listed above), the impact of discrete tax items recorded during the respective periods as well as other adjustments to reflect the use of one overall effective tax rate on adjusted pre-tax income in interim periods.

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~~(6)~~(7) Depreciation and amortization shown excludes depreciation recognized in reorganization charges, if any.

Free Cash Flow:

Free cash flow represents net cash provided by (used in) operating activities less capital expenditures. Management believes free cash flow is useful to investors because it is a meaningful indicator of cash generated from operating activities available for the execution of its business strategy.

Reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to free cash flow:


		Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,					Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022
Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	$	78.3	$	147.1	$	77.1	$	178.8	Net cash provided by operating activities	$	144.0	$	78.3	$	222.6	$	77.1
Capital expenditures	Capital expenditures	(40.9)		(31.1)		(75.2)		(60.5)		Capital expenditures	(49.6)		(40.9)		(91.3)		(75.2)
Free cash flow	Free cash flow	$	37.4	$	116.0	$	1.9	$	118.3	Free cash flow	$	94.4	$	37.4	$	131.3	$	1.9

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Ratio of Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA:

The ratio of net debt to adjusted EBITDA for the trailing twelve months represents total debt less cash and cash equivalents divided by adjusted EBITDA for the trailing twelve months. The Company presents net debt to adjusted EBITDA because it believes it is more representative of the Company's financial position as it is reflective of the Company's ability to cover its net debt obligations with results from its core operations. Net income for the trailing twelve months ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$385.8~~$444.7 million and ~~$381.5~~$417.0 million, respectively. Net debt to adjusted EBITDA for the trailing twelve months was ~~2.0~~1.9 at June 30, ~~2022, compared with 1.7 at~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

Reconciliation of Net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the trailing twelve months:


		Twelve Months Ended					Twelve Months Ended
		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Net income	Net income	$	385.8	$	381.5	Net income	$	444.7	$	417.0
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	122.6		95.1		Provision for income taxes	141.3		133.9
Interest expense	Interest expense	61.2		58.8		Interest expense	94.4		74.6
Interest income	Interest income	(2.7)		(2.3)		Interest income	(5.6)		(3.8)
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	164.7		167.8		Depreciation and amortization	178.7		164.0
Consolidated EBITDA	Consolidated EBITDA	731.6		700.9		Consolidated EBITDA	853.5		785.7
Adjustments:	Adjustments:					Adjustments:
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	$	11.0	$	14.3	Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	$	71.3	$	39.5
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)		10.1		0.3
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related (income) expense (2)						Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related (income) expense (2)	(13.2)		2.9
Acquisition-related charges (3)	Acquisition-related charges (3)	4.4		2.3		Acquisition-related charges (3)	20.6		14.8

Russia-related charges (4)		13.0		—
Gain on divestitures and sale of certain assets (4)						Gain on divestitures and sale of certain assets (4)	(7.2)		(2.9)
Russia-related charges (5)						Russia-related charges (5)	2.8		15.6
Tax indemnification and related items	Tax indemnification and related items	0.2		0.2		Tax indemnification and related items	0.3		0.3
Total adjustments	Total adjustments	38.7		17.1		Total adjustments	74.6		70.2
Adjusted EBITDA	Adjusted EBITDA	$	770.3	$	718.0	Adjusted EBITDA	$	928.1	$	855.9
Net Debt	Net Debt	$	1,510.6	$	1,207.8	Net Debt	$	1,755.4	$	1,631.6
Ratio of Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA	Ratio of Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA	2.0		1.7		Ratio of Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA	1.9		1.9

(1) Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (including items recorded in cost of products sold) relate to: (i) plant closures; (ii) the rationalization of certain ~~plants and~~plants; (iii) severance related to cost reduction ~~initiatives.~~initiatives; and (iv) impairment of assets. Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023 included $29.3 million related to the sale of ADS. In addition, impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges for the twelve months ended June 30, 2023 included $28.3 million related to the impairment of goodwill. The Company re-assesses its operating footprint and cost structure periodically, and makes adjustments as needed that result in restructuring charges. However, management believes these actions are not representative of the Company’s core operations.

(2) Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related (income) expense represents actuarial ~~losses~~(gains) and ~~(gains)~~losses that resulted from the remeasurement of plan assets and obligations as a result of changes in assumptions or experience. The Company recognizes actuarial ~~losses~~(gains) and ~~(gains)~~losses in connection with the annual remeasurement in the fourth quarter, or if specific events trigger a remeasurement.

(3) Acquisition-related charges represent ~~contingent consideration related to the acquisition of iMS that closed on August 20, 2021, and~~ deal-related expenses associated with completed ~~and certain unsuccessful~~ transactions ~~as well as~~and any resulting inventory step-up impact. ~~Also included is the acquisition-related gain related to measurement period adjustments to the bargain purchase gain on the acquisition of the assets of Aurora that closed on November 30, 2020.~~

(4) Represents the net gain resulting from divestitures and the sale of certain assets.

(5) Russia-related charges include allowances and impairments recorded against certain trade receivables, inventory and other assets to reflect the current impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine (and associated sanctions) on the Company's operations. In addition to impairments and allowances recorded, the Company recorded a loss on the divestiture of its Timken Russia business during the fourth quarter of 2022. Refer to Russia Operations on page 3842 in Management Discussion and Analysis for additional information.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements set forth in this Form 10-Q and in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 that are not historical in nature (including the Company's forecasts, beliefs and expectations) are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In particular, Management's Discussion and Analysis contains numerous forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements generally will be accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “intend,” “may,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q. The Company cautions readers that actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company due to a variety of factors, such as:

•deterioration in world economic conditions, or in economic conditions in any of the geographic regions in which the Company or its customers or suppliers conduct business, including adverse effects from a global economic slowdown or recession, terrorism, or hostilities. This includes: political risks associated with the potential instability of governments and legal systems in countries in which the Company or its customers or suppliers conduct business, changes in currency valuations and recent world events that have increased the risks posed by international trade disputes, tariffs and sanctions;

•negative impacts to the Company's business, results of operations, financial position or liquidity, disruption to the Company's supply chains, negative impacts to customer demand or operations, and availability and health of employees, as a result of COVID-19 or other pandemics and associated governmental measures such as restrictions on travel and manufacturing operations;

•the effects of fluctuations in customer demand on sales, product mix and prices in the industries in which the Company operates. This includes: the ability of the Company to respond to rapid changes in customer demand, disruptions to the Company's supply chain, logistical issues associated with port closures or congestion, delays or increased costs, the effects of customer or supplier bankruptcies or liquidations, the impact of changes in industrial business cycles, the effects of distributor inventory corrections reflecting de-stocking of the supply chain and whether conditions of fair trade continue in the Company's markets;

•competitive factors, including changes in market penetration, increasing price competition by existing or new foreign and domestic competitors, the introduction of new products or services by existing and new competitors, competition for skilled labor and new technology that may impact the way the Company’s products are produced, sold or distributed;

•changes in operating costs. This includes: the effect of changes in the Company’s manufacturing processes; changes in costs associated with varying levels of operations and manufacturing capacity; availability and cost of raw materials and energy; disruptions to the Company's supply chain and logistical issues associated with port closures or congestion, delays or increased costs; changes in the expected costs associated with product warranty claims; changes resulting from inventory management and cost reduction initiatives; the effects of unplanned plant shutdowns; the effects of government-imposed restrictions, ~~and~~ commercial requirements ~~meant to address~~and Company goals associated with climate ~~change;~~change and emissions or other waste reduction initiatives; and changes in the cost of labor and benefits;

•the impact of inflation on employee expenses, shipping costs, raw material costs, energy and fuel costs and other production costs;

•the success of the Company’s operating plans, announced programs, initiatives and capital investments; the ability to integrate acquired companies and to address material issues both identified and not uncovered during the Company's due diligence review; and the ability of acquired companies to achieve satisfactory operating results, including results being accretive to earnings, realization of synergies and expected cash flow generation;

•the Company’s ability to maintain appropriate relations with unions or works councils that represent Company associates in certain locations in order to avoid disruptions of ~~business and to maintain~~business; the continued ~~service~~attraction, retention and development of ~~our~~ management and other key ~~employees;~~employees, the successful development and execution of succession plans and management of other human capital matters;

•unanticipated litigation, claims, investigations or assessments. This includes: claims, investigations or problems related to intellectual property, product liability or warranty, foreign export, sanctions and trade laws, government procurement regulations, competition and anti-bribery laws, climate change, environmental or health and safety issues, data privacy and taxes;

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•changes in worldwide financial and capital markets ~~including~~impacting the availability of financing ~~and interest rates~~ on satisfactory terms, as a result of financial stress affecting the banking system or otherwise, and the rising interest rate environment, which affect the Company’s cost of funds and/or ability to raise capital, as well as

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customer demand and the ability of customers to obtain financing to purchase the Company’s products or equipment that contain the Company’s products;

•the Company's ability to satisfy its obligations and comply with covenants under its debt agreements, maintain favorable credit ratings and its ability to renew or refinance borrowings on favorable terms;

•the impact on the Company's pension obligations and assets due to changes in interest rates, investment performance and other tactics designed to reduce risk; and

•those items identified under Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 or this Form 10-Q.

Additional risks relating to the Company's business, the industries in which the Company operates, or the Company's common shares may be described from time to time in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All of these risk factors are difficult to predict, are subject to material uncertainties that may affect actual results and may be beyond the Company's control.

Readers are cautioned that it is not possible to predict or identify all of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that may affect future results and that the above list should not be considered to be a complete list. Except as required by the federal securities laws, the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Refer to information appearing under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Form 10-Q. Furthermore, a discussion of market risk exposures is included in Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. There have been no material changes in reported market risk since the inclusion of this discussion in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K referenced above.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a)Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)). Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.

(b)Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the Company’s fiscal quarter ended June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

On ~~May 31, 2022,~~April 4, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of ~~Spinea.~~Nadella. The results of this acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for the first six months of ~~2022.~~2023. The total and net assets of ~~Spinea represent 3%~~Nadella represented 6% of the Company's total assets and 6%12% of the Company's net assets as of June 30, ~~2022.~~2023. The net sales of Nadella represented 1% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the first six months of 2023.

On January 31, 2023, the Company completed the acquisition of ARB. The results of this acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for the first six months of 2023. The total and net ~~income~~assets of ~~Spinea~~ARB represented less than 1% of the Company's total assets and net assets as of June 30, 2023. The net sales of ARB represented less than 1% of the Company's consolidated net sales ~~and consolidated net income~~ for the first six months of ~~2022.~~ 2023.

The scope of the Company's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting will not include ~~this acquisition.~~the ARB and Nadella acquisition's noted above. This exclusion is in accordance with the SEC's general guidance that an assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted from the Company's scope in the year of acquisition.

On November 4, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of GGB. The results of this acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for the first six months of 2023. The total and net assets of GGB represented 6% of the Company's total assets and 13% of the Company's net assets as of June 30, 2023. The net sales of GGB represented 4% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the first six months of 2023.

On May 31, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of Spinea. The results of this acquisition are included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for the first six months of 2023. The total and net assets of Spinea represented 3% of the Company's total assets and 5% of the Company's net assets as of June 30, 2023. The net sales of Spinea represented less than 1% of the Company's consolidated net sales for the first six months of 2023.

The Company is currently integrating these acquisitions into its internal control framework and processes, and as prescribed by U.S Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations, the Company will include Spinea and GGB in the internal control over financial reporting assessment as of December 31, 2023.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") regulations require us to disclose certain information about environmental proceedings when a governmental authority is a party to the proceedings if we reasonably believe that such proceedings may result in monetary sanctions above a stated threshold. Pursuant to such regulations, the Company uses the maximum permitted threshold of $1 million or more for purposes of determining whether disclosure of any such proceedings is required. In the opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, included a detailed discussion of our risk factors. There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Investors should not interpret the disclosure of any risk factor to imply that the risk has not already materialized.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Issuer Purchases of Common Shares

The following table provides information about purchases by the Company of its common shares during the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

Period
Total number
of shares
purchased (1)
Average
price paid
per share (2)
Total number
of shares
purchased as
part of publicly
announced
plans or
programs
Maximum
number of
shares that
may yet
be purchased
under the plans
or programs (3)
4/1/2022 - 4/30/2022 500,150 $ 58.81 500,000 7,050,000
5/1/2022 - 5/31/2022 247,044 59.59 245,000 6,805,000
6/1/2022 - 6/30/2022 11,516 60.62 5,000 6,800,000
Total 758,710 $ 59.09 750,000 —


Period	Total number of shares purchased (1)	Average price paid per share (2)		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs (3)
4/1/2023 - 4/30/2023	270,298	$	77.59	270,000	4,858,990
5/1/2023 - 5/31/2023	476,532	74.88		460,000	4,398,990
6/1/2023 - 6/30/2023	535,833	82.62		535,000	3,863,990
Total	1,282,663	$	78.68	1,265,000	—

(1)Of the shares purchased in April, May and June, 298, ~~150, 2,044 and~~16,532 ~~6,516,~~and 833, respectively, represent common shares of the Company that were owned and tendered by employees to exercise stock options and to satisfy withholding obligations in connection with the exercise of stock options or vesting of restricted shares.

(2)For shares tendered in connection with the vesting of restricted shares, the average price paid per share is an average calculated using the daily high and low of the Company's common shares as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange at the time of vesting. For shares tendered in connection with the exercise of stock options, the price paid is the real-time trading stock price at the time the options are exercised.

(3)On February 12, 2021, the Company's Board of Directors approved a new share purchase plan, effective March 1, 2021, pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to ten million of its common shares, in the aggregate. This share purchase plan expires on February 28, 2026. Under this plan, the Company may purchase shares from time to time in open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, and it may make all or part of the purchases pursuant to accelerated share repurchases or Rule 10b5-1 plans.

Item 5. Other Information

During the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023 no director or officer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 16a-1(f)) of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as each term is defined in Regulation 408(a) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits


3.1





































































			Amended Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant, effective May 11, 2023.

31.1			Certification of Richard G. Kyle, President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) of The Timken Company, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2			Certification of Philip D. Fracassa, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) of The Timken Company, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32			Certifications of Richard G. Kyle, President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Philip D. Fracassa, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer and principal accounting officer) of The Timken Company, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101			Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of The Timken Company for the quarter ended June 30, ~~2022~~2023 filed on ~~July 28, 2022,~~August 3, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

104			Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


						THE TIMKEN COMPANY

Date: ~~July 28, 2022~~August 3, 2023						By: /s/ Richard G. Kyle
						Richard G. Kyle President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Date: ~~July 28, 2022~~August 3, 2023						By: /s/ Philip D. Fracassa
						Philip D. Fracassa Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

4853


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
	Mobile			Process			Unallocated Corporate		Total
Net Sales	$	494.2		$	568.7		$	—	$	1,062.9
EBITDA	67.3			141.2			(15.1)		193.4
Impairment, restructuring and reorganization charges (1)	1.2			0.8			—		2.0
Corporate pension and other postretirement benefit related expense (2)	—			—			3.5		3.5
Acquisition-related charges (3)	0.2			0.2			1.0		1.4

Adjusted EBITDA	$	68.7		$	142.2		$	(10.6)	$	200.3
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (% of net sales)	13.9		%	25.0		%	NM		18.8		%