UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(X) QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

OR

(  ) TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended: March 31,June 30, 2018

Commission file number: 001-15985

UNION BANKSHARES, INC.
 VERMONT 03-0283552 

P.O. BOX 667
20 LOWER MAIN STREET
MORRISVILLE, VT 05661

Registrant’s telephone number:      802-888-6600

Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report: Not applicable

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(b) of the Act:
 Common Stock, $2.00 par value Nasdaq Stock Market 
 (Title of class) (Exchanges registered on) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes [X]      No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes [X]      No [  ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” ”accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer [  ]Accelerated filer [ X ]
Non-accelerated filer [  ] (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting company [ ]
 Emerging growth company [ ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes [  ]      No [X]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of AprilJuly 30, 2018.
 Common Stock, $2 par value 4,465,6614,465,807
shares
 



UNION BANKSHARES, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
 
  
  
PART II OTHER INFORMATION 
  
  



PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
UNION BANKSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
March 31, 2018December 31, 2017June 30, 2018December 31, 2017
(Unaudited) (Unaudited) 
Assets(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Cash and due from banks$3,328
$3,857
$4,236
$3,857
Federal funds sold and overnight deposits9,918
34,651
9,610
34,651
Cash and cash equivalents13,246
38,508
13,846
38,508
Interest bearing deposits in banks9,601
9,352
9,996
9,352
Investment securities available-for-sale68,440
65,439
69,543
65,439
Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value $999 thousand at December 31, 2017)
1,000

1,000
Other investments502

559

Total investments68,942
66,439
70,102
66,439
Loans held for sale2,938
7,947
5,424
7,947
Loans591,660
586,615
575,076
586,615
Allowance for loan losses(5,405)(5,408)(5,553)(5,408)
Net deferred loan costs797
795
846
795
Net loans587,052
582,002
570,369
582,002
Accrued interest receivable2,468
2,500
2,338
2,500
Premises and equipment, net14,298
14,255
15,172
14,255
Core deposit intangible540
583
497
583
Goodwill2,223
2,223
2,223
2,223
Investment in real estate limited partnerships3,028
3,166
4,367
3,166
Company-owned life insurance8,865
8,861
8,921
8,861
Other assets9,530
9,995
14,390
9,995
Total assets$722,731
$745,831
$717,645
$745,831
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity  
Liabilities    
Deposits    
Noninterest bearing$128,951
$127,824
$110,984
$127,824
Interest bearing392,027
418,621
360,582
418,621
Time102,865
101,129
107,321
101,129
Total deposits623,843
647,574
578,887
647,574
Borrowed funds31,265
31,581
69,039
31,581
Accrued interest and other liabilities8,459
8,015
9,610
8,015
Total liabilities663,567
687,170
657,536
687,170
Commitments and Contingencies



Stockholders’ Equity  
Common stock, $2.00 par value; 7,500,000 shares authorized; 4,940,961 shares
issued at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017
9,882
9,882
Common stock, $2.00 par value; 7,500,000 shares authorized; 4,940,961 shares
issued at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017
9,882
9,882
Additional paid-in capital803
755
850
755
Retained earnings58,604
57,197
59,715
57,197
Treasury stock at cost; 475,304 shares at March 31, 2018
and 475,385 shares at December 31, 2017
(4,079)(4,077)
Treasury stock at cost; 475,158 shares at June 30, 2018
and 475,385 shares at December 31, 2017
(4,078)(4,077)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(6,046)(5,096)(6,260)(5,096)
Total stockholders' equity59,164
58,661
60,109
58,661
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$722,731
$745,831
$717,645
$745,831
See accompanying notes to unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.

UNION BANKSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)

Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
201820172018201720182017
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Interest and dividend income   
Interest and fees on loans$6,999
$6,322
$7,374
$6,608
$14,373
$12,930
Interest on debt securities:  
Taxable289
242
308
249
597
491
Tax exempt145
165
146
162
291
327
Dividends40
45
55
27
95
72
Interest on federal funds sold and overnight deposits53
30
9
19
62
49
Interest on interest bearing deposits in banks45
35
51
36
96
71
Total interest and dividend income7,571
6,839
7,943
7,101
15,514
13,940
Interest expense  
Interest on deposits533
422
574
396
1,107
818
Interest on borrowed funds114
115
157
120
271
235
Total interest expense647
537
731
516
1,378
1,053
Net interest income6,924
6,302
7,212
6,585
14,136
12,887
Provision for loan losses

150

150

Net interest income after provision for loan losses6,924
6,302
7,062
6,585
13,986
12,887
Noninterest income  
Trust income193
178
191
191
384
369
Service fees1,487
1,440
1,483
1,451
2,970
2,891
Net gains on sales of investment securities available-for-sale
9

9
Net gains on sales of loans held for sale295
508
431
597
726
1,105
Other income496
107
47
85
543
192
Total noninterest income2,471
2,233
2,152
2,333
4,623
4,566
Noninterest expenses  
Salaries and wages2,649
2,568
2,614
2,504
5,263
5,072
Pension and employee benefits958
879
1,197
951
2,155
1,830
Occupancy expense, net395
390
336
363
731
753
Equipment expense535
534
511
523
1,046
1,057
Other expenses1,598
1,570
1,660
1,530
3,258
3,100
Total noninterest expenses6,135
5,941
6,318
5,871
12,453
11,812
Income before provision for income taxes3,260
2,594
2,896
3,047
6,156
5,641
Provision for income taxes513
664
446
820
959
1,484
Net income$2,747
$1,930
$2,450
$2,227
$5,197
$4,157
Earnings per common share$0.62
$0.43
$0.54
$0.50
$1.16
$0.93
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding4,465,600
4,462,057
4,465,737
4,461,865
4,465,669
4,461,961
Dividends per common share$0.30
$0.29
$0.30
$0.29
$0.60
$0.58
  

See accompanying notes to unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.

UNION BANKSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)


Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
201820172018201720182017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Net income$2,747
$1,930
$2,450
$2,227
$5,197
$4,157
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:  
Investment securities available-for-sale:  
Net unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period on investment securities available-for-sale(950)225
(214)338
(1,164)563
Reclassification adjustment for net gains on sales of investment securities available-for-sale realized in net income
(6)
(6)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income(950)225
(214)332
(1,164)557
Total comprehensive income$1,797
$2,155
$2,236
$2,559
$4,033
$4,714

See accompanying notes to unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.


UNION BANKSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
ThreeSix Months Ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017 (Unaudited)

Common Stock   Common Stock   
Shares,
net of
treasury
Amount
Additional
paid-in
capital
Retained
earnings
Treasury
stock
Accumulated
other
comprehensive loss
Total
stockholders’
equity
Shares,
net of
treasury
Amount
Additional
paid-in
capital
Retained
earnings
Treasury
stock
Accumulated
other
comprehensive loss
Total
stockholders’
equity
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Balances December 31, 20174,465,576
$9,882
$755
$57,197
$(4,077)$(5,096)$58,661
4,465,576
$9,882
$755
$57,197
$(4,077)$(5,096)$58,661
Net income


2,747


2,747



5,197


5,197
Other comprehensive loss




(950)(950)




(1,164)(1,164)
Dividend reinvestment plan141

7

1

8
287

13

2

15
Cash dividends declared
($0.30 per share)



(1,340)

(1,340)
Cash dividends declared
($0.60 per share)



(2,679)

(2,679)
Stock based compensation
expense


41



41


82



82
Purchase of treasury stock(60)


(3)
(3)(60)


(3)
(3)
Balances March 31, 20184,465,657
$9,882
$803
$58,604
$(4,079)$(6,046)$59,164
Balances June 30, 20184,465,803
$9,882
$850
$59,715
$(4,078)$(6,260)$60,109
      
Balances, December 31, 20164,462,135
$9,874
$620
$53,086
$(4,022)$(3,279)$56,279
4,462,135
$9,874
$620
$53,086
$(4,022)$(3,279)$56,279
Net income


1,930


1,930



4,157


4,157
Other comprehensive income




225
225





557
557
Dividend reinvestment plan117

4

1

5
273

9

2

11
Cash dividends declared
($0.29 per share)



(1,294)

(1,294)
Cash dividends declared
($0.58 per share)



(2,588)

(2,588)
Stock based compensation
expense


34



34


68



68
Purchase of treasury stock(225)


(9)
(9)(675)


(27)
(27)
Balances, March 31, 20174,462,027
$9,874
$658
$53,722
$(4,030)$(3,054)$57,170
Balances, June 30, 20174,461,733
$9,874
$697
$54,655
$(4,047)$(2,722)$58,457

See accompanying notes to unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.



UNION BANKSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
March 31,
20182017Six Months Ended June 30,
(Dollars in thousands)20182017
Cash Flows From Operating Activities (Dollars in thousands)
Net income$2,747
$1,930
$5,197
$4,157
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation301
307
586
611
Provision for loan losses150

Deferred income tax provision41
333
(62)337
Net amortization of investment securities93
113
193
222
Equity in losses of limited partnerships140
157
269
314
Stock based compensation expense41
34
82
68
Net (increase) decrease in unamortized loan costs(2)5
Net increase in unamortized loan costs(51)(59)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale23,384
29,041
50,144
59,661
Origination of loans held for sale(18,080)(23,577)(46,895)(56,159)
Net gains on sales of loans held for sale(295)(508)
Net gain on sales of loans held for sale(726)(1,105)
Net (gain) loss on disposals of premises and equipment(191)13
(191)13
Net gain on sales of investment securities available-for-sale
(9)
Net gain on sales of other real estate owned(11)
(11)
Decrease in accrued interest receivable32
217
162
230
Amortization of core deposit intangible43
43
86
86
Increase in other assets403
80
(Increase) decrease in other assets(2,823)457
Contribution to defined benefit pension plan
(750)
(750)
Increase in other liabilities474
419
820
378
Net cash provided by operating activities9,120
7,857
6,930
8,452
Cash Flows From Investing Activities    
Interest bearing deposits in banks    
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions996
2,988
1,594
4,384
Purchases(1,245)(1,992)(2,238)(3,236)
Investment securities held-to-maturity  
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns1,000

1,000

Investment securities available-for-sale  
Proceeds from sales
1,445
Proceeds from maturities, calls and paydowns1,539
1,696
2,810
3,233
Purchases(6,358)(3,551)(9,101)(4,468)
Other Investments  
Proceeds from sales44

44

Purchases(24)
(82)
Purchase of nonmarketable stock(105)
(2,510)(272)
Net increase in loans(5,051)(4,298)
Redemption of nonmarketable stock906

Net decrease (increase) in loans11,530
(2,999)
Recoveries of loans charged off3
6
4
10
Purchases of premises and equipment(357)(67)(1,516)(332)
Proceeds from Company-owned life insurance death benefit307

307

Investments in limited partnerships
(186)(695)(216)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment204

204

Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned47

47

Net cash used in investing activities(9,000)(5,404)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities2,304
(2,451)
  


Cash Flows From Financing Activities  
Advances on long-term borrowings7,000

84,175

Repayment of long-term debt(6,072)(70)(45,940)(138)
Net (decrease) increase in short-term borrowings outstanding(1,244)202
(777)4,938
Net increase (decrease) in noninterest bearing deposits1,127
(2,297)
Net decrease in noninterest bearing deposits(16,840)(4,215)
Net decrease in interest bearing deposits(26,594)(12,632)(58,039)(25,542)
Net increase (decrease) in time deposits1,736
(666)6,192
(3,280)
Purchase of treasury stock(3)(9)(3)(27)
Dividends paid(1,332)(1,289)(2,664)(2,577)
Net cash used in financing activities(25,382)(16,761)(33,896)(30,841)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(25,262)(14,308)(24,662)(24,840)
Cash and cash equivalents  
Beginning of period38,508
39,275
38,508
39,275
End of period$13,246
$24,967
$13,846
$14,435
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information    
Interest paid$647
$540
$1,381
$1,072
Income taxes paid$925
$325
 
  
Dividends paid on Common Stock:  
Dividends declared$1,340
$1,294
$2,679
$2,588
Dividends reinvested(8)(5)(15)(11)
$1,332
$1,289
$2,664
$2,577
  

See accompanying notes to unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.

UNION BANKSHARES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1.Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of Union Bankshares, Inc. and Subsidiary (together, the Company) as of March 31,June 30, 2018, and for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, have been prepared in conformity with GAAP for interim financial information, general practices within the banking industry, and the accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 (2017 Annual Report). The Company's sole subsidiary is Union Bank. In the opinion of the Company’s management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments and disclosures necessary for a fair presentation of the information contained herein, have been made. This information should be read in conjunction with the Company’s 2017 Annual Report. The results of operations for the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the full fiscal year ending December 31, 2018, or any future interim period.
In addition to the definitions set forth elsewhere in this report, the acronyms, abbreviations and capitalized terms identified below are used throughout this Form 10-Q, including Part I. "Financial Information" and Part II. "Other Information". The following is provided to aid the reader and provide a reference page when reviewing this Form 10-Q.
AFS:Available-for-saleIRS:Internal Revenue Service
ALCO:Asset Liability CommitteeMBS:Mortgage-backed security
ALL:Allowance for loan lossesMSRs:Mortgage servicing rights
ASC:Accounting Standards CodificationOAO:Other assets owned
ASU:Accounting Standards UpdateOCI:Other comprehensive income (loss)
Board:Board of DirectorsOFAC:U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control
bp or bps:Basis point(s)OREO:Other real estate owned
Branch Acquisition:The acquisition of three New Hampshire branches in May 2011OTTI:Other-than-temporary impairment
CDARS:Certificate of Deposit Accounts Registry Service of the Promontory Interfinancial NetworkOTT:Other-than-temporary
Company:Union Bankshares, Inc. and SubsidiaryPlan:The Union Bank Pension Plan
DRIP:Dividend Reinvestment PlanRD:USDA Rural Development
FASB:Financial Accounting Standards BoardRSU:Restricted Stock Unit
FDIC:Federal Deposit Insurance CorporationSBA:U.S. Small Business Administration
FHA:U.S. Federal Housing AdministrationSEC:U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
FHLB:Federal Home Loan Bank of BostonTDR:Troubled-debt restructuring
FRB:Federal Reserve BoardUnion:Union Bank, the sole subsidiary of Union Bankshares, Inc
FHLMC/Freddie Mac:Federal Home Loan Mortgage CorporationUSDA:U.S. Department of Agriculture
GAAP:Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United StatesVA:U.S. Veterans Administration
HTM:Held-to-maturity2008 ISO Plan:2008 Incentive Stock Option Plan of the Company
HUD:U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development2014 Equity Plan:2014 Equity Incentive Plan
ICS:Insured Cash Sweeps of the Promontory Interfinancial Network2017 Annual ReportAnnual Report of Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017
  2017 Tax Act:Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017

Note 2. Legal Contingencies
In the normal course of business, the Company is involved in various legal and other proceedings. In the opinion of management, any liability resulting from such proceedings is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations.


Note 3. Per Share Information
Earnings per common share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period and reduced for shares held in treasury. The assumed exercise of outstanding exercisable stock options and vesting of RSUs does not result in material dilution and is not included in the calculation.
Note 4. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) using a modified-retrospective transition method, as of January 1, 2018. The ASU requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. While the guidance replaces most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP, the ASU is not applicable to financial instruments and, therefore, did not impact a majority of the Company’s revenues, including net interest income. The Company's assessment determined that no cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning stockholders' equity would be required under the modified retrospective transition method within the consolidated financial statements as there was no change in revenue recognition upon adoption of ASU No. 2014-09.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. The ASU was issued to enhance the reporting model for financial instruments to provide users of financial statements with more decision-useful information. This ASU changes how entities account for equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The ASU also changes certain disclosure requirements and other aspects of GAAP, including a requirement for public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. The ASU became effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of the ASU did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The ASU was issued to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and liabilities (including operating leases) on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Previous lease accounting did not require the inclusion of operating leases in the balance sheet. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of the ASU on its consolidated financial statements by reviewing its lease contracts.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. Under the new guidance, which will replace the existing incurred loss model for recognizing credit losses, banks and other lending institutions will be required to recognize the full amount of expected credit losses. The new guidance, which is referred to as the current expected credit loss model ("CECL"), requires that expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date that are accounted for at amortized cost be measured and recognized based on historical experience and current and reasonably supportable forecasted conditions to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses. A modified version of these requirements also applies to debt securities classified as AFS. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within such years. The Company has established a CECL implementation team and developed a transition project plan. The team members have evaluated CECL implementation software providers and have selected Sageworks. Thethe Company has entered into an agreement with Sageworks andSageworks. Historical data has been compiling data to runcompiled and training on utilizing the software for the existing incurred loss model has been completed. Training is ongoing during 2018 surrounding CECL implementation and methodologies, including the running of parallel calculations during 2018.throughout the year. This will facilitate the implementation process and management's evaluation of the potential impact of the ASU on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. The ASU was issued to reduce the cost and complexity of the goodwill impairment test. To simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill, step two of the goodwill impairment test was eliminated. Instead, a company will recognize an impairment of goodwill should the carrying value of a reporting unit exceed its fair value (i.e. step one). The ASU will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2020 and will be applied prospectively. The Company does not expect the implementation to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss). This ASU was issued to allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 Tax Act. Consequently, the amendments eliminate the stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 Tax Act and will improve the usefulness of information reported to financial statement users. However, because the amendments only relate to the reclassification of the income tax effects of the 2017 Tax Act, the underlying guidance that requires that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates be included in income from continuing operations is not affected. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning


after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted for financial statements which have not yet been issued. The Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) using a modified-retrospective transition method, as of January 1, 2018. The ASU requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitledASU for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. While the guidance replaces most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP, the ASU is not applicable to financial instruments and, therefore, did not impact a majority of the Company’s revenues, including net interest income. Through the Company's assessment, it was determined that there will be no cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning stockholders' equity under the modified retrospective transition method within theDecember 31, 2017 consolidated financial statements as there was no change in revenue recognition upon adoption of ASU2014-09.statements.
Note 5. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
As a result of the 2011 Branch Acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill amounting to $2.2 million. The goodwill is not amortizable. Goodwill is evaluated for impairment annually, in accordance with current authoritative accounting guidance. Management assesses qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Company, in total, is less than its carrying amount. Management is not aware of any such events or circumstances that would cause it to conclude that the fair value of the Company is less than its carrying amount.
The Company also initially recorded $1.7 million of acquired identifiable intangible assets in connection with the 2011 Branch Acquisition, representing the core deposit intangible which is subject to straight-line amortization over the estimated 10 year average life of the core deposit base, absent any future impairment. Management will evaluate the core deposit intangible for impairment if conditions warrant.
Amortization expense for the core deposit intangible was $43 thousand for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017 and $86 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017. The amortization expense is included in other expenses on the consolidated statements of income and is deductible for tax purposes. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, the remaining amortization expense related to the core deposit intangible, absent any future impairment, is expected to be as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
2018$128
$85
2019171
171
2020171
171
202170
70
Total$540
$497


Note 6. Investment Securities
AFS and HTM investment securities as of the balance sheet dates consisted of the following:
March 31, 2018
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
June 30, 2018
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Available-for-sale  
Debt securities:  
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$7,437
$2
$(178)$7,261
$7,166
$
$(228)$6,938
Agency mortgage-backed33,356

(796)32,560
35,052
4
(992)34,064
State and political subdivisions24,820
126
(624)24,322
24,768
115
(614)24,269
Corporate4,411
1
(115)4,297
4,411
6
(145)4,272
Total$70,024
$129
$(1,713)$68,440
$71,397
$125
$(1,979)$69,543


December 31, 2017
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
 (Dollars in thousands)
Available-for-sale    
Debt securities:    
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$7,805
$12
$(122)$7,695
Agency mortgage-backed28,378
12
(274)28,116
State and political subdivisions24,704
249
(239)24,714
Corporate4,412
48
(67)4,393
Total debt securities65,299
321
(702)64,918
Mutual funds (1)521


521
Total$65,820
$321
$(702)$65,439
Held-to-maturity    
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$1,000
$
$(1)$999
____________________
(1)As of December 31, 2017, mutual funds were classified as AFS investment securities. Effective January 1, 2018, these investments were reclassified to other investments on the consolidated balance sheets as they are no longer eligible to be classified as AFS upon adoption of ASU No. 2016-01.

There were no investment securities HTM at March 31,June 30, 2018. Investment securities AFS with a carrying amount of $2.7$3.0 million and $4.6 million at March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, were pledged as collateral for public deposits and for other purposes as required or permitted by law.

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities by contractual scheduled maturity as of March 31,June 30, 2018 were as follows:
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Available-for-sale(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Due from one to five years$4,302
$4,325
$4,809
$4,834
Due from five to ten years16,319
15,978
16,175
15,742
Due after ten years16,047
15,577
15,361
14,903
36,668
35,880
36,345
35,479
Agency mortgage-backed33,356
32,560
35,052
34,064
Total debt securities available-for-sale$70,024
$68,440
$71,397
$69,543

Actual maturities may differ for certain debt securities that may be called by the issuer prior to the contractual maturity. Actual maturities usually differ from contractual maturities on agency MBS because the mortgages underlying the securities may be prepaid, usually without any penalties. Therefore, these agency MBS are shown separately and are not included in the contractual maturity categories in the above maturity summary.

As of March 31,June 30, 2018, other investments consisted of mutual funds with a fair value of $502$559 thousand, a cost basis of $459$396 thousand and unrealized gains of $43$163 thousand.



Information pertaining to all investment securities with gross unrealized losses as of the balance sheet dates, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows:
March 31, 2018Less Than 12 Months12 Months and overTotal
June 30, 2018Less Than 12 Months12 Months and overTotal
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 (Dollars in thousands) (Dollars in thousands)
Debt securities:            
U.S. Government-
sponsored enterprises
5
$2,381
$(19)9
$4,216
$(159)14
$6,597
$(178)5
$2,751
$(42)10
$4,187
$(186)15
$6,938
$(228)
Agency mortgage-backed38
27,583
(580)7
4,977
(216)45
32,560
(796)40
28,301
(752)7
4,753
(240)47
33,054
(992)
State and political
subdivisions
25
9,982
(189)18
7,657
(435)43
17,639
(624)25
9,873
(195)18
7,650
(419)43
17,523
(614)
Corporate6
2,826
(86)2
971
(29)8
3,797
(115)6
2,839
(72)2
928
(73)8
3,767
(145)
Total74
$42,772
$(874)36
$17,821
$(839)110
$60,593
$(1,713)76
$43,764
$(1,061)37
$17,518
$(918)113
$61,282
$(1,979)
December 31, 2017Less Than 12 Months12 Months and overTotal
 
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Number
of
Securities
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  (Dollars in thousands)
Debt securities:         
U.S. Government-
  sponsored enterprises
3
$1,824
$(7)9
$4,374
$(116)12
$6,198
$(123)
Agency mortgage-backed26
19,315
(143)7
5,222
(131)33
24,537
(274)
State and political
  subdivisions
8
3,803
(22)18
7,899
(217)26
11,702
(239)
Corporate2
870
(31)2
964
(36)4
1,834
(67)
Total39
$25,812
$(203)36
$18,459
$(500)75
$44,271
$(703)
The Company evaluates all investment securities on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic conditions warrant, to determine if an OTTI exists. A security is considered impaired if the fair value is lower than its amortized cost basis at the report date. If impaired, management then assesses whether the unrealized loss is OTT.

An unrealized loss on a debt security is generally deemed to be OTT and a credit loss is deemed to exist if the present value of the expected future cash flows is less than the amortized cost basis of the debt security. The credit loss component of OTTI write-down is recorded, net of tax effect, through net income as a component of net OTTI losses in the consolidated statements of income, while the remaining portion of the impairment loss is recognized in OCI, provided the Company does not intend to sell the underlying debt security and it is "more likely than not" that the Company will not have to sell the debt security prior to recovery. Declines in the fair values of individual equity securities that are deemed by management to be OTT are reflected in noninterest income when identified.

Management considers the following factors in determining whether OTTI exists and the period over which the security is expected to recover:
The length of time, and extent to which, the fair value has been less than the amortized cost;
Adverse conditions specifically related to the security, industry, or geographic area;
The historical and implied volatility of the fair value of the security;


The payment structure of the debt security and the likelihood of the issuer being able to make payments that may increase in the future;
Failure of the issuer of the security to make scheduled interest or principal payments;
Any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency;
Recoveries or additional declines in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date; and
The nature of the issuer, including whether it is a private company, public entity or government-sponsored enterprise, and the existence or likelihood of any government or third party guaranty.



The Company has the ability to hold the investment securities that had unrealized losses at March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 for the foreseeable future and no declines were deemed by management to be OTT.

There were no salesThe following table presents the proceeds, gross realized gains and gross realized losses from the sale of AFS securities for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and March 31,June 30, 2017.
��For The Three and Six Months Ended June 30, (1)
 20182017
 (Dollars in thousands)
Proceeds$
$1,445
   
Gross gains
32
Gross losses
(23)
Net gains on sales of investment securities AFS$
$9
____________________
(1)There were no sales of AFS securities during the first quarter of 2018 or 2017.

Note 7.  Loans
Loans receivable that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are reported at their unpaid principal balances, adjusted for any charge-offs, the ALL, and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans and unamortized premiums or discounts on purchased loans.
Loan interest income is accrued daily on outstanding balances. The following accounting policies, related to accrual and nonaccrual loans, apply to all portfolio segments and loan classes, which the Company considers to be the same. The accrual of interest is normally discontinued when a loan is specifically determined to be impaired and/or management believes, after considering collection efforts and other factors, that the borrower's financial condition is such that collection of interest is doubtful. Generally, any unpaid interest previously accrued on those loans is reversed against current period interest income. A loan may be restored to accrual status when its financial status has significantly improved and there is no principal or interest past due. A loan may also be restored to accrual status if the borrower makes six consecutive monthly payments or the lump sum equivalent. Income on nonaccrual loans is generally not recognized unless a loan is returned to accrual status or after all principal has been collected. Interest income generally is not recognized on impaired loans unless the likelihood of further loss is remote. Interest payments received on such loans are generally applied as a reduction of the loan principal balance. Delinquency status is determined based on contractual terms for all portfolio segments and loan classes. Loans past due 30 days or more are considered delinquent. Loans are considered in process of foreclosure when a judgment of foreclosure has been issued by the court.
Loan origination fees and direct loan origination costs are deferred and amortized as an adjustment of the related loan's yield using methods that approximate the interest method. The Company generally amortizes these amounts over the estimated average life of the related loans.
The composition of Net loans as of the balance sheet dates were as follows:
March 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
June 30,
2018
December 31,
2017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$181,850
$178,999
$181,942
$178,999
Construction real estate43,379
42,935
50,358
42,935
Commercial real estate260,695
254,291
269,645
254,291
Commercial46,885
50,719
47,596
50,719
Consumer3,525
3,894
3,680
3,894
Municipal55,326
55,777
21,855
55,777
Gross loans591,660
586,615
575,076
586,615
Allowance for loan losses(5,405)(5,408)(5,553)(5,408)
Net deferred loan costs797
795
846
795
Net loans$587,052
$582,002
$570,369
$582,002


Qualifying residential first mortgage loans and certain commercial real estate loans with a carrying value of $165.0$187.4 million and $164.5 million were pledged as collateral for borrowings from the FHLB under a blanket lien at March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.



A summary of current, past due and nonaccrual loans as of the balance sheet dates follows:
March 31, 2018Current30-59 Days60-89 Days90 Days and Over and AccruingNonaccrualTotal
June 30, 2018Current30-59 Days60-89 Days90 Days and Over and AccruingNonaccrualTotal
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$177,929
$2,453
$358
$293
$817
$181,850
$179,457
$353
$820
$746
$566
$181,942
Construction real estate42,919
352
55

53
43,379
49,842
413
54

49
50,358
Commercial real estate258,127
2,267


301
260,695
269,354



291
269,645
Commercial46,625
20
10
1
229
46,885
47,471
86
7
11
21
47,596
Consumer3,485
39
1


3,525
3,604
73
2
1

3,680
Municipal55,326




55,326
21,855




21,855
Total$584,411
$5,131
$424
$294
$1,400
$591,660
$571,583
$925
$883
$758
$927
$575,076

December 31, 2017Current30-59 Days60-89 Days90 Days and Over and AccruingNonaccrualTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$173,914
$3,047
$750
$472
$816
$178,999
Construction real estate42,857


22
56
42,935
Commercial real estate253,266
357
361

307
254,291
Commercial50,675
21
11

12
50,719
Consumer3,884
7
3


3,894
Municipal55,777




55,777
Total$580,373
$3,432
$1,125
$494
$1,191
$586,615
There was one residential real estate loan totaling $131 thousand in process of foreclosure at March 31,June 30, 2018. Aggregate interest on nonaccrual loans not recognized was $1.2 million and $1.31.4 million as of March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1.2 million as of December 31, 2017.

Note 8.  Allowance for Loan Losses and Credit Quality
The ALL is established for estimated losses in the loan portfolio through a provision for loan losses charged to earnings. For all loan classes, loan losses are charged against the ALL when management believes the loan balance is uncollectible or in accordance with federal guidelines. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the ALL.

The ALL is maintained at a level believed by management to be appropriate to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The amount of the ALL is based on management's periodic evaluation of the collectability of the loan portfolio, including the nature, volume and risk characteristics of the portfolio, credit concentrations, trends in historical loss experience, estimated value of any underlying collateral, specific impaired loans and economic conditions. There was no change to the methodology used to estimate the ALL during the firstsecond quarter of 2018. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future additions to the ALL may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions or other relevant factors.

In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, regularly review the Company's ALL. Such agencies may require the Company to recognize additions to the ALL, with a corresponding charge to earnings, based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination, which may not be currently available to management.

The ALL consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to the loans that are classified as impaired. Loans are evaluated for impairment and may be classified as impaired when management believes it is probable that


the Company will not collect all the contractual interest and principal payments as scheduled in the loan agreement. Impaired loans may also include troubled loans that are restructured. A TDR occurs when the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower's financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower that would otherwise not be granted. A TDR classification may result from the transfer of assets to the Company in partial satisfaction of a troubled loan, a modification of a


loan's terms (such as reduction of stated interest rates below market rates, extension of maturity that does not conform to the Company's policies, reduction of the face amount of the loan, reduction of accrued interest, or reduction or deferment of loan payments), or a combination. A specific reserve amount is allocated to the ALL for individual loans that have been classified as impaired based on management's estimate of the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans, an observable market price, or the present value of anticipated future cash flows. The Company accounts for the change in present value attributable to the passage of time in the loan loss reserve. Large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment. Accordingly, the Company does not separately identify individual consumer, real estate or small balance commercial loans for impairment evaluation, unless such loans are subject to a restructuring agreement or have been identified as impaired as part of a larger customer relationship. Management has established the threshold for individual impairment evaluation for commercial loans with balances greater than $500 thousand, based on an evaluation of the Company's historical loss experience on substandard commercial loans.

The general component represents the level of ALL allocable to each loan portfolio segment with similar risk characteristics and is determined based on historical loss experience, adjusted for qualitative factors, for each class of loan. Management deems a five year average to be an appropriate time frame on which to base historical losses for each portfolio segment. Qualitative factors considered include underwriting, economic and market conditions, portfolio composition, collateral values, delinquencies, lender experience and legal issues. The qualitative factors are determined based on the various risk characteristics of each portfolio segment. Risk characteristics relevant to each portfolio segment are as follows:
Residential real estate - Loans in this segment are collateralized by owner-occupied 1-4 family residential real estate, second and vacation homes, 1-4 family investment properties, home equity and second mortgage loans. Repayment is dependent on the credit quality of the individual borrower. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates and housing prices, could have an effect on the credit quality of this segment.

Construction real estate - Loans in this segment include residential and commercial construction properties, commercial real estate development loans (while in the construction phase of the projects), land and land development loans. Repayment is dependent on the credit quality of the individual borrower and/or the underlying cash flows generated by the properties being constructed. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment rates, housing prices, vacancy rates and material costs, could have an effect on the credit quality of this segment.

Commercial real estate - Loans in this segment are primarily properties occupied by businesses or income-producing properties. The underlying cash flows generated by the properties may be adversely impacted by a downturn in the economy as evidenced by a general slowdown in business or increased vacancy rates which, in turn, could have an effect on the credit quality of this segment. Management requests business financial statements at least annually and monitors the cash flows of these loans.

Commercial - Loans in this segment are made to businesses and are generally secured by non-real estate assets of the business. Repayment is expected from the cash flows of the business. A weakened economy, and resultant decreased consumer or business spending, could have an effect on the credit quality of this segment.

Consumer - Loans in this segment are made to individuals for personal expenditures, such as an automobile purchase, and include unsecured loans. Repayment is primarily dependent on the credit quality of the individual borrower. The overall health of the economy, including unemployment, could have an effect on the credit quality of this segment.

Municipal - Loans in this segment are made to municipalities located within the Company's service area. Repayment is primarily dependent on taxes or other funds collected by the municipalities. Management considers there to be minimal risk surrounding the credit quality of this segment.
An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management's estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the ALL reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.

All evaluations are inherently subjective as they require estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available or as changes occur in economic conditions or other relevant factors. Despite the allocation shown in the tables below, the ALL is general in nature and is available to absorb losses from any class of loan.



Changes in the ALL, by class of loans, for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017 were as follows:
For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
For The Three Months Ended June 30, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2017$1,361
$488
$2,707
$395
$30
$64
$363
$5,408
Balance, March 31, 2018$1,375
$494
$2,773
$367
$25
$63
$308
$5,405
Provision (credit) for loan losses14
6
68
(28)(4)(1)(55)

62
82
7
3
(33)29
150
Recoveries of amounts charged off



3


3




1


1
1,375
494
2,775
367
29
63
308
5,411
1,375
556
2,855
374
29
30
337
5,556
Amounts charged off

(2)
(4)

(6)



(3)

(3)
Balance, March 31, 2018$1,375
$494
$2,773
$367
$25
$63
$308
$5,405
Balance, June 30, 2018$1,375
$556
$2,855
$374
$26
$30
$337
$5,553
For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2017Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
For The Three Months Ended June 30, 2017Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016$1,399
$391
$2,687
$342
$26
$40
$362
$5,247
Balance, March 31, 2017$1,372
$442
$2,661
$346
$24
$42
$305
$5,192
Provision (credit) for loan losses29
48
(26)4

2
(57)
39
36
92
15
4
(16)(170)
Recoveries of amounts charged off2
3


1


6

3

1



4
1,430
442
2,661
346
27
42
305
5,253
1,411
481
2,753
362
28
26
135
5,196
Amounts charged off(58)


(3)

(61)(24)


(4)

(28)
Balance, March 31, 2017$1,372
$442
$2,661
$346
$24
$42
$305
$5,192
Balance, June 30, 2017$1,387
$481
$2,753
$362
$24
$26
$135
$5,168
For The Six Months Ended June 30, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2017$1,361
$488
$2,707
$395
$30
$64
$363
$5,408
Provision (credit) for loan
  losses
14
68
150
(21)(1)(34)(26)150
Recoveries of amounts
  charged off




4


4
 1,375
556
2,857
374
33
30
337
5,562
Amounts charged off

(2)
(7)

(9)
Balance, June 30, 2018$1,375
$556
$2,855
$374
$26
$30
$337
$5,553
For The Six Months Ended June 30, 2017Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016$1,399
$391
$2,687
$342
$26
$40
$362
$5,247
Provision (credit) for loan
  losses
68
84
66
19
4
(14)(227)
Recoveries of amounts
  charged off
2
6

1
1


10
 1,469
481
2,753
362
31
26
135
5,257
Amounts charged off(82)


(7)

(89)
Balance, June 30, 2017$1,387
$481
$2,753
$362
$24
$26
$135
$5,168



The allocation of the ALL, summarized on the basis of the Company's impairment methodology by class of loan, as of the balance sheet dates, werewas as follows:
March 31, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
June 30, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Individually evaluated
for impairment
$44
$
$
$6
$
$
$
$50
$42
$
$9
$6
$
$
$
$57
Collectively evaluated
for impairment
1,331
494
2,773
361
25
63
308
5,355
1,333
556
2,846
368
26
30
337
5,496
Total allocated$1,375
$494
$2,773
$367
$25
$63
$308
$5,405
$1,375
$556
$2,855
$374
$26
$30
$337
$5,553
December 31, 2017Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalUnallocatedTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Individually evaluated
   for impairment
$47
$
$1
$
$
$
$
$48
Collectively evaluated
   for impairment
1,314
488
2,706
395
30
64
363
5,360
Total allocated$1,361
$488
$2,707
$395
$30
$64
$363
$5,408



The recorded investment in loans, summarized on the basis of the Company's impairment methodology by class of loan, as of the balance sheet dates, werewas as follows:
March 31, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalTotal
June 30, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalTotal
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Individually evaluated
for impairment
$1,793
$81
$1,056
$374
$
$
$3,304
$1,798
$80
$1,772
$361
$
$
$4,011
Collectively evaluated
for impairment
180,057
43,298
259,639
46,511
3,525
55,326
588,356
180,144
50,278
267,873
47,235
3,680
21,855
571,065
Total$181,850
$43,379
$260,695
$46,885
$3,525
$55,326
$591,660
$181,942
$50,358
$269,645
$47,596
$3,680
$21,855
$575,076
December 31, 2017Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Individually evaluated
   for impairment
$1,718
$82
$1,074
$378
$
$
$3,252
Collectively evaluated
   for impairment
177,281
42,853
253,217
50,341
3,894
55,777
583,363
Total$178,999
$42,935
$254,291
$50,719
$3,894
$55,777
$586,615

Risk and collateral ratings are assigned to loans and are subject to ongoing monitoring by lending and credit personnel with such ratings updated annually or more frequently if warranted. The following is an overview of the Company's loan rating system:

1-3 Rating - Pass
Risk-rating grades "1" through "3" comprise those loans ranging from those with lower than average credit risk, defined as borrowers with high liquidity, excellent financial condition, strong management, favorable industry trends or loans secured by highly liquid assets, through those with marginal credit risk, defined as borrowers that, while creditworthy, exhibit some characteristics requiring special attention by the account officer.

4/M Rating - Satisfactory/Monitor
Borrowers exhibit potential credit weaknesses or downward trends warranting management's attention. While potentially weak, these borrowers are currently marginally acceptable; no loss of principal or interest is envisioned. When warranted, these credits may be monitored on the watch list.



5-7 Rating - Substandard
Borrowers exhibit well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the orderly liquidation of debt. The loan may be inadequately protected by the net worth and paying capacity of the obligor and/or the underlying collateral is inadequate.

The following tables summarize the loan ratings applied by management to the Company's loans by class as of the balance sheet dates:
March 31, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalTotal
June 30, 2018Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalTotal
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Pass$167,824
$35,795
$173,160
$35,525
$3,495
$55,326
$471,125
$167,468
$41,113
$182,415
$35,352
$3,643
$21,855
$451,846
Satisfactory/Monitor11,099
7,429
84,478
10,515
28

113,549
11,473
9,086
84,360
11,408
33

116,360
Substandard2,927
155
3,057
845
2

6,986
3,001
159
2,870
836
4

6,870
Total$181,850
$43,379
$260,695
$46,885
$3,525
$55,326
$591,660
$181,942
$50,358
$269,645
$47,596
$3,680
$21,855
$575,076

December 31, 2017Residential Real EstateConstruction Real EstateCommercial Real EstateCommercialConsumerMunicipalTotal
 (Dollars in thousands)
Pass$164,733
$33,401
$177,388
$38,877
$3,859
$55,777
$474,035
Satisfactory/Monitor11,296
9,374
73,772
11,165
30

105,637
Substandard2,970
160
3,131
677
5

6,943
Total$178,999
$42,935
$254,291
$50,719
$3,894
$55,777
$586,615

The following tables provide information with respect to impaired loans by class of loan as of and for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and March 31,June 30, 2017:
As of March 31, 2018For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2018As of June 30, 2018For The Three Months Ended June 30, 2018For The Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Recorded Investment
(1)
Principal Balance
(1)
Related AllowanceAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
Recorded Investment
(1)
Principal Balance
(1)
Related AllowanceAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income RecognizedAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$235
$244
$44
 $233
$243
$42
 
Commercial real estate197
197
9
 
Commercial13
13
6
 13
13
6
 
With an allowance recorded248
257
50
 443
453
57
 
  
Residential real estate1,558
2,074

 1,565
2,095

 
Construction real estate81
81

 80
80

 
Commercial real estate1,056
1,137

 1,575
1,659

 
Commercial361
361

 348
348

 
With no allowance recorded3,056
3,653

 3,568
4,182

 
  
Residential real estate1,793
2,318
44
$1,755
$12
1,798
2,338
42
$1,795
$17
$1,770
$29
Construction real estate81
81

82
1
80
80

81
1
81
2
Commercial real estate1,056
1,137

1,065
16
1,772
1,856
9
1,414
15
1,300
31
Commercial374
374
6
376
8
361
361
6
367
6
371
14
Total$3,304
$3,910
$50
$3,278
$37
$4,011
$4,635
$57
$3,657
$39
$3,522
$76
____________________
(1)Does not reflect government guaranties on impaired loans as of March 31,June 30, 2018 totaling $533$675 thousand.



As of March 31, 2017For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2017As of June 30, 2017For The Three Months Ended June 30, 2017For The Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Recorded Investment
(1)
Principal Balance
(1)
Related AllowanceAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
Recorded Investment
(1)
Principal Balance
(1)
Related AllowanceAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income RecognizedAverage Recorded InvestmentInterest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$1,579
$2,087
$61
$1,514
$11
$1,770
$2,289
$59
$1,675
$20
$1,599
$31
Construction real estate87
87

87
1
85
85

86
1
86
2
Commercial real estate2,220
2,291
21
2,774
32
1,768
1,840
24
1,994
22
2,439
54
Commercial417
417

424
7
408
408

412
5
419
12
Total$4,303
$4,882
$82
$4,799
$51
$4,031
$4,622
$83
$4,167
$48
$4,543
$99
____________________
(1)Does not reflect government guaranties on impaired loans as of March 31,June 30, 2017 totaling $623$635 thousand.



The following table provides information with respect to impaired loans by class of loan as of December 31, 2017:
 December 31, 2017  
 
Recorded Investment
(1)
Principal Balance
(1)
Related Allowance  
 (Dollars in thousands)  
Residential real estate$238
$247
$47
  
Commercial real estate137
141
1
  
With an allowance recorded375
388
48
  
      
Residential real estate1,480
1,983

  
Construction real estate82
82

 ��
Commercial real estate937
1,011

  
Commercial378
378

  
With no allowance recorded2,877
3,454

  
      
Residential real estate1,718
2,230
47
  
Construction real estate82
82

  
Commercial real estate1,074
1,152
1
  
Commercial378
378

  
Total$3,252
$3,842
$48
  
____________________
(1)
Does not reflect government guaranties on impaired loans as of December 31, 2017 totaling $550 thousand.

The following is a summary of TDR loans by class of loan as of the balance sheet dates:
March 31, 2018December 31, 2017June 30, 2018December 31, 2017
Number of LoansPrincipal BalanceNumber of LoansPrincipal BalanceNumber of LoansPrincipal BalanceNumber of LoansPrincipal Balance
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate25
$1,793
24
$1,718
25
$1,771
24
$1,718
Construction real estate1
81
1
82
1
80
1
82
Commercial real estate10
1,056
10
1,074
9
1,206
10
1,074
Commercial3
374
2
378
3
361
2
378
Total39
$3,304
37
$3,252
38
$3,418
37
$3,252
The TDR loans above represent loan modifications in which a concession was provided to the borrower, including due date extensions, maturity date extensions, interest rate reductions or the forgiveness of accrued interest. Troubled loans, that are


restructured and meet established thresholds, are classified as impaired and a specific reserve amount is allocated to the ALL on the basis of the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans, an observable market price, or the present value of anticipated future cash flows.
The following tables provide new TDR activity for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017:
New TDRs During theNew TDRs During the
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018Three Months Ended March 31, 2017Three Months Ended June 30, 2018Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentNumber of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentNumber of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentNumber of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate1
$96
$98
3
$140
$149

$
$
1
$96
$98
Commercial real estate1
204
204
1
204
204
Commercial1
13
13






1
13
13
 New TDRs During theNew TDRs During the
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2017Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
 Number of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentNumber of LoansPre-Modification Outstanding Recorded InvestmentPost-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment
 (Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate3
$240
$248
6
$380
$397
Commercial real estate1
144
144
1
144
144

There were no TDR loans modified within the previous twelve months that had subsequently defaulted during the three and six month periods ended March 31,June 30, 2018 or March 31,June 30, 2017. TDR loans are considered defaulted at 90 days past due.

At March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the Company was not committed to lend any additional funds to borrowers whose loans were nonperforming, impaired or restructured.

Note 9. Defined Benefit Pension Plan
On October 18, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors voted to terminate Union Bank’s Defined Benefit Pension Plan. In order to settle the liabilities under the Plan, the Company will offerhas offered participants the option to receive an annuity purchased from an insurance carrier, a lump-sum cash payment, or a direct rollover into a qualifying retirement plan. An estimated $1.1 million will be contributed to the Plan by the Company in 2018 to cover the lump-sum payments and annuity purchases. The amount of the final contribution is subject to a number of factors, including changes in interest rates and the exact proportion of the participants electing a lump-sum distribution versus an annuity. At this time, the Company estimates that a $3.2 million reduction in net income will be recorded in the fourth quarter of 2018 as a result of the Plan termination and settlement of Plan assets and liabilities. The Company anticipates completing the transfer of all liabilities and administrative responsibilities under the Plan by December 31, 2018. Once the process is complete, the Company will no longer have any remaining defined benefit pension plan obligations and thus no periodic pension expense.
The Company's pension benefit obligation and net periodic benefit costs for the Plan are actuarially determined based on assumptions regarding the appropriate discount rate, current and expected future return on Plan assets, and anticipated mortality rates. Weighted average assumptions used to determine the net periodic pension cost (benefit) for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017 have remained consistent with assumptions disclosed in the Company's 2017 Annual Report.



Net periodic pension cost (benefit) for the three and six months ended March 31June 30 consisted of the following components:
Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
201820172018201720182017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation$179
$172
$179
$172
$358
$344
Expected return on plan assets(161)(243)(161)(243)(322)(486)
Amortization of net loss151
51
151
51
302
102
Net periodic cost (benefit)$169
$(20)$169
$(20)$338
$(40)

Note 10.  Stock Based Compensation
The Company's current stock based compensation plan is the Union Bankshares, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan. Under the 2014 Equity Plan, 50,000 shares of the Company’s common stock are available for equity awards of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, restricted stock and RSUs to eligible officers and (except for awards of incentive stock options) nonemployee directors. Shares available for issuance of awards under the 2014 Equity Plan consist of unissued shares of the Company’s common stock and/or shares held in treasury. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, there were outstanding grants under the plan of RSUs and incentive stock options.

RSUs. Each RSU represents the right to receive one share of the Company's common stock upon satisfaction of applicable vesting conditions. The general terms of the awards are described in the Company's 2017 Annual Report. Prior to vesting, the RSUs do not earn dividends or dividend equivalents, nor do they bear any voting rights.



The following table presents a summary of the RSUs awarded in accordance with the 2015, 2016, and 2017 Award Plan Summaries, as of March 31,June 30, 2018:
 Number of RSUs GrantedWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of Unvested RSUs
2015 Award5,445
$27.91
730
2016 Award3,569
45.45
2,026
2017 Award3,225$52.95
3,225
Total12,239
5,981
Unrecognized compensation expense related to the unvested RSUs as of March 31,June 30, 2018 and March 31,June 30, 2017 was $212$142 thousand and $186$124 thousand, respectively.
During the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, a total of 2,645 contingent RSUs were provisionally granted in accordance with a 2018 Award Plan Summary. The estimated number of contingent RSUs provisionally granted was based on target performance-based payout amounts detailed in the 2018 Award Plan Summary approved by the Board of Directors and on the closing market price of the Company's stock on the March 21, 2018 provisional grant date ($53.95 per share). As with the 2015, 2016, and 2017 grants, one half is in the form of Time-Based RSUs and one-half is in the form of Performance-Based RSUs. The actual number of Time-Based RSUs granted (if any) will be determined as of the earned date of December 31, 2018, based on the closing market price of the Company's stock on that date, while the actual number of Performance-Based RSUs granted (if any) will be determined during the first quarter of 2019, based on actual 2018 performance. The contingent RSUs were granted on substantially the same terms and conditions as the RSUs granted under the previous annual Award Plan Summaries. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, the estimated unrecognized compensation expense related to the provisionally granted RSUs, based on the closing market price of the Company's stock on the provisional grant date of March 21, 2018, was $143 thousand.

Stock options. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, 4,500 incentive stock options granted in December 2014 under the 2014 Equity Plan remained outstanding and exercisable and will expire in December 2021. There was no unrecognized compensation expense related to thesethose options as of March 31,June 30, 2018. The estimated intrinsic value of thesethose options was $121$126 thousand as of March 31,June 30, 2018.

As of March 31,June 30, 2018, 3,000 incentive stock options granted under the 2008 ISO Plan remained outstanding and exercisable, with the last of such options expiring in December 2020. There was no unrecognized compensation expense related to thesethose options as of March 31,June 30, 2018. The estimated intrinsic value of thesethose options was $86$90 thousand as of March 31,June 30, 2018.



Note 11. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accounting principles generally require recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income or loss. Certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as the after tax effect of unrealized gains and losses on investment securities AFS that are not OTTI and the unfunded liability for the defined benefit pension plan, are not reflected in the consolidated statements of income. The cumulative effect of such items, net of tax effect, is reported as a separate component of the equity section of the consolidated balance sheets (Accumulated OCI). OCI, along with net income, comprises the Company's total comprehensive income or loss.

As of the balance sheet dates, the components of Accumulated OCI, net of tax, were:
March 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
June 30, 2018December 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Net unrealized loss on investment securities available-for-sale$(1,251)$(301)$(1,465)$(301)
Defined benefit pension plan net unrealized actuarial loss(4,795)(4,795)(4,795)(4,795)
Total$(6,046)$(5,096)$(6,260)$(5,096)

The following table disclosestables disclose the tax effects allocated to each component of OCI for the three and six months ended March 31:June 30:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2018March 31, 2017June 30, 2018June 30, 2017
Before-Tax AmountTax (Expense) Benefit (1)Net-of-Tax AmountBefore-Tax AmountTax (Expense) Benefit (1)Net-of-Tax AmountBefore-Tax AmountTax (Expense) Benefit (1)Net-of-Tax AmountBefore-Tax AmountTax (Expense) Benefit (1)Net-of-Tax Amount
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:  
Net unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period on investment securities available-for-sale$(1,203)$253
$(950)$341
$(116)$225
$(271)$57
$(214)$512
$(174)$338
Reclassification adjustment for net gains on investment securities available-for-sale realized in net income


(9)3
(6)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income$(1,203)$253
$(950)$341
$(116)$225
$(271)$57
$(214)$503
$(171)$332
 Six Months Ended
 June 30, 2018June 30, 2017
 Before-Tax AmountTax (Expense) Benefit (1)Net-of-Tax AmountBefore-Tax AmountTax (Expense) Benefit (1)Net-of-Tax Amount
 (Dollars in thousands)
Investment securities available-for-sale:      
Net unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period on investment securities available-for-sale$(1,474)$310
$(1,164)$853
$(290)$563
Reclassification adjustment for net gains on investment securities available-for-sale realized in net income


(9)3
(6)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income$(1,474)$310
$(1,164)$844
$(287)$557
__________________
(1)Tax expense/benefit is calculated using a marginal tax rate of 21% and 34% for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.


There were no
The following table discloses information concerning reclassification adjustments from OCI for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017.
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended 
Reclassification Adjustment DescriptionJune 30, 2018June 30, 2017June 30, 2018June 30, 2017
Affected Line Item in
Consolidated Statement of Income
 (Dollars in thousands) 
Investment securities available-for-sale:    
Net gains on investment securities available-for-sale$
$(9)$
$(9)Net gains on sales of investment securities available-for-sale
Tax benefit
3

3
Provision for income taxes
Total reclassifications$
$(6)$
$(6)Net income

Note 12. Fair Value Measurement
The Company utilizes FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, as guidance for accounting for assets and liabilities carried at fair value. This standard defines fair value as the price that would be received, without adjustment for transaction costs, to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is a market based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The guidance in FASB ASC Topic 820 establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are:
Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;
Level 3 - Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets that are measured on a recurring basis at estimated fair value:
Investment securities AFS: The Company’s AFS securities have been valued utilizing Level 2 inputs. For these securities, the Company obtains fair value measurements from an independent pricing service. The fair value measurements consider observable data that may include market maker bids, quotes and pricing models. Inputs to the pricing models include recent trades, benchmark interest rates, spreads and actual and projected cash flows.
Mutual funds: Mutual funds have been valued using unadjusted quoted prices from active markets and therefore have been classified as Level 1.


Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, segregated by fair value hierarchy level, are summarized below:
Fair Value MeasurementsFair Value Measurements
Fair
Value
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Fair
Value
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
March 31, 2018:(Dollars in thousands)
June 30, 2018:(Dollars in thousands)
Debt securities AFS:  
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$7,261
$
$7,261
$
$6,938
$
$6,938
$
Agency mortgage-backed32,560

32,560

34,064

34,064

State and political subdivisions24,322

24,322

24,269

24,269

Corporate4,297

4,297

4,272

4,272

Total debt securities$68,440
$
$68,440
$
$69,543
$
$69,543
$
  
Other investments:  
Mutual funds$502
$502
$
$
$559
$559
$
$
  
December 31, 2017:  
Debt securities AFS:  
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises$7,695
$
$7,695
$
$7,695
$
$7,695
$
Agency mortgage-backed28,116

28,116

28,116

28,116

State and political subdivisions24,714

24,714

24,714

24,714

Corporate4,393

4,393

4,393

4,393

Total debt securities64,918

64,918

64,918

64,918

Mutual funds521
521


521
521


Total$65,439
$521
$64,918
$
$65,439
$521
$64,918
$
There were no significant transfers in or out of Levels 1 and 2 during the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, nor were there any Level 3 assets at any time during either period. Certain other assets and liabilities are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in periods after initial recognition, such as collateral-dependent impaired loans, HTM securities, MSRs and OREO, were not considered material at March 31,June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017. The Company has not elected to apply the fair value method to any financial assets or liabilities other than those situations where other accounting pronouncements require fair value measurements.

FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company’s various financial instruments. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. Management’s estimates and assumptions are inherently subjective and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment. Changes in assumptions could dramatically affect the estimated fair values.

Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instrument. Certain financial instruments and all nonfinancial instruments may be excluded from disclosure requirements. Thus, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the actual underlying fair value of such instruments of the Company.

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating the fair value of its significant financial instruments:

Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximate those assets' fair values and are classified as Level 1.



Interest bearing deposits in banks: Fair values for interest bearing deposits in banks are based on discounted present values of cash flows and are classified as Level 2.

Investment securities: Fair values for investment securities are based on quoted market prices, where available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair value measurements consider observable data which may include market maker bids, quotes and pricing models. Inputs to the pricing models include recent trades, benchmark interest rates, spreads and actual and projected cash flows. Mutual funds have been valued using unadjusted quoted prices from active markets. Investment securities are classified as Level 1 or Level 2 depending on availability of recent trade information.

Loans held for sale: The fair value of loans held for sale is estimated based on quotes from third party vendors, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

Loans: The fair values of loans are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics and segregated by loan class or segment. For variable-rate loan categories that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying amounts adjusted for credit risk. The fair values for other loans (for example, fixed-rate residential, commercial real estate, and rental property mortgage loans as well as commercial and industrial loans) are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. Loan fair value estimates include judgments regarding future cash flows, future expected loss experience and risk characteristics. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company implemented exit pricing valuation methodologies which incorporate a liquidity premium adjustment into the fair value estimate of all loan portfolios. This adjustment factors the costs/market inefficiencies associated with the sale of a financial instrument into the fair value estimate. Fair values for impaired loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis or underlying collateral values, where applicable. The fair value methods and assumptions that utilize unobservable inputs as defined by current accounting standards are classified as Level 3.

Accrued interest receivable and payable: The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate their fair values and are classified as Level 1, 2, or 3 in accordance with the classification of the related principal's valuation.

Nonmarketable equity securities: It is not practical to determine the fair value of the nonmarketable securities, such as FHLB stock, due to restrictions placed on their transferability.

Deposits: The fair values disclosed for noninterest bearing deposits and other interest bearing nontime deposits are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date, resulting in a Level 1 classification. The fair values for time deposits are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on similar deposits to a schedule of aggregated expected maturities on such deposits, resulting in a Level 2 classification.

Borrowed funds: The fair values of the Company’s long-term debt are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis based on interest rates currently being offered on similar debt instruments, resulting in a Level 2 classification. The fair values of the Company’s short-term debt approximate the carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet, resulting in a Level 1 classification.

Off-balance-sheet financial instruments: Fair values for off-balance-sheet, credit-related financial instruments are based on fees currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The only commitments to extend credit that are normally longer than one year in duration are the home equity lines whose interest rates are variable quarterly. The only fees collected for commitments are an annual fee on credit card arrangements and often a flat fee on commercial lines of credit and standby letters of credit. The fair value of off-balance-sheet financial instruments as of the balance sheet dates was not significant.



As of the balance sheet dates, the estimated fair values and related carrying amounts of the Company's significant financial instruments were as follows:
March 31, 2018June 30, 2018
Fair Value MeasurementsFair Value Measurements
Carrying
Amount
Estimated Fair
Value
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Carrying
Amount
Estimated Fair
Value
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Financial assets  
Cash and cash equivalents$13,246
$13,246
$13,246
$
$
$13,846
$13,846
$13,846
$
$
Interest bearing deposits in banks9,601
9,510

9,510

9,996
9,864

9,864

Investment securities68,942
68,942
502
68,440

70,102
70,102
559
69,543

Loans held for sale2,938
2,969

2,969

5,424
5,513

5,513

Loans, net  
Residential real estate180,720
179,098


179,098
180,835
179,768


179,768
Construction real estate42,943
42,231


42,231
49,876
50,059


50,059
Commercial real estate257,965
257,596


257,596
266,850
268,296


268,296
Commercial46,581
45,339


45,339
47,292
46,306


46,306
Consumer3,505
3,521


3,521
3,659
3,691


3,691
Municipal55,338
55,143


55,143
21,857
21,738


21,738
Accrued interest receivable2,468
2,468

393
2,075
2,338
2,338

412
1,926
Nonmarketable equity securities2,331
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
3,935
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Financial liabilities  
Deposits  
Noninterest bearing$128,951
$128,951
$128,951
$
$
$110,984
$110,984
$110,984
$
$
Interest bearing392,027
392,027
392,027


360,582
360,582
360,582


Time102,865
101,406

101,406

107,321
105,699

105,699

Borrowed funds  
Short-term122
122
122


588
588
588


Long-term31,143
30,951

30,951

68,451
68,256

68,256

Accrued interest payable97
97

97

94
94

94



 December 31, 2017
 Fair Value Measurements
 
Carrying
Amount
Estimated Fair
Value
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 (Dollars in thousands)
Financial assets     
Cash and cash equivalents$38,508
$38,508
$38,508
$
$
Interest bearing deposits in banks9,352
9,333

9,333

Investment securities66,439
66,438
521
65,917

Loans held for sale7,947
8,111

8,111

Loans, net     
Residential real estate177,880
178,818


178,818
Construction real estate42,505
42,069


42,069
Commercial real estate251,566
248,746


248,746
Commercial50,393
49,132


49,132
Consumer3,869
3,919


3,919
Municipal55,789
55,778


55,778
Accrued interest receivable2,500
2,500

395
2,105
Nonmarketable equity securities2,331
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Financial liabilities     
Deposits     
Noninterest bearing$127,824
$127,824
$127,824
$
$
Interest bearing418,621
418,621
418,621


Time101,129
99,967

99,967

Borrowed funds     
Short-term1,365
1,364
1,364


Long-term30,216
29,039

29,039

Accrued interest payable97
97

97

The carrying amounts in the preceding tables are included in the consolidated balance sheets under the applicable captions.

Note 13. Subsequent Events
Subsequent events represent events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date but before the financial statements are issued. Financial statements are considered “issued” when they are widely distributed to shareholders and others for general use and reliance in a form and format that complies with GAAP. Events occurring subsequent to March 31,June 30, 2018 have been evaluated as to their potential impact to the consolidated financial statements.

On AprilJuly 18, 2018, the Company declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.30 per share, payable May 10,August 9, 2018, to stockholders of record on AprilJuly 30, 2018.


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
GENERAL
The following discussion and analysis focuses on those factors that, in management's view, had a material effect on the financial position of the Company as of March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, and its results of operations for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017. This discussion is being presented to provide a narrative explanation of the consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes and with other financial data appearing elsewhere in this filing and with the Company's 2017 Annual Report In the opinion of the Company's management, the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments and disclosures necessary to fairly present the Company's consolidated financial position and results of operations for the interim periods presented. Management is not aware of the occurrence of any events after March 31,June 30, 2018 which would materially affect the information presented.
Please refer to Note 1 in the Company's unaudited interim consolidated financial statements at Part I, Item 1 of this Report for definitions of acronyms, abbreviations and capitalized terms used throughout the following discussion and analysis.

CAUTIONARY ADVICE ABOUT FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
The Company, "we," "us," "our," may from time to time make written or oral statements that are considered “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements may include financial projections, statements of plans and objectives for future operations, estimates of future economic performance or conditions and assumptions relating thereto. The Company may include forward-looking statements in its filings with the SEC, in its reports to stockholders, including this quarterly report, in press releases, other written materials, and in statements made by senior management to analysts, rating agencies, institutional investors, representatives of the media and others.
Forward-looking statements reflect management's current expectations and are subject to uncertainties, both general and specific, and risk exists that actual results will differ from those predictions, forecasts, projections and other estimates contained in forward-looking statements. These risks cannot be readily quantified. When management uses any of the words “believes,” “expects,” “predicts,” “anticipates,” “intends,” "projects," “plans,” “seeks,” “estimates,” "targets," "goals," “may,” "might," “could,” “would,” “should,” or similar expressions, they are making forward-looking statements. Many possible events or factors, including those beyond the control of management, could affect the future financial results and performance of the Company.
Factors that may cause results or performance to differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:
General economic conditions and financial instability, either nationally, internationally, regionally or locally;
Increased competitive pressures, including those from tax-advantaged credit unions and other financial service providers in our northern Vermont and New Hampshire market area or in the financial services industry generally, from increasing consolidation and integration of financial service providers, and from changes in technology and delivery systems;
Interest rates change in a way that puts pressure on the Company's margins, or that results in lower fee income and lower gain on sale of real estate loans, or that increases our interest costs;
Changes in laws or government rules, or the way in which courts or government agencies interpret or implement those laws or rules, that increase our costs of doing business or otherwise adversely affect our business;
Further changes in federal or state tax policy;
Changes in our level of nonperforming assets and charge-offs;
Changes in depositor behavior resulting in movement of funds out of bank deposits and into the stock market or other higher-yielding investments;
Changes in estimates of future reserve requirements based upon relevant regulatory and accounting requirements;
Changes in information technology that require increased capital spending or that result in new or increased risks;
Changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing and savings habits;
Changes in accounting principles, including those governing the manner of estimating our credit risk and calculating our loan loss reserve;
Changes affecting the calculation of the amount of the contribution that will be required to settle our obligations in connection with termination of our defined benefit pension plan and the impact of such termination on our net income in 2018;
Further changes to the regulations governing the calculation of the Company’s regulatory capital ratios;
Increased cybersecurity threats; and
The effect of and changes in the United States monetary and fiscal policies, including interest rate policies and regulation of the money supply by the FRB.



When evaluating forward-looking statements to make decisions about the Company and our stock, investors and others are cautioned to consider these and other risks and uncertainties, and are reminded not to place undue reliance on such statements. Investors should not consider the foregoing list of factors to be a complete list of risks or uncertainties. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and the Company undertakes no obligation to update them to reflect new or changed information or events, except as may be required by federal securities laws.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Under SEC Regulation G, public companies making disclosures containing financial measures that are not in accordance with GAAP must also disclose, along with each non-GAAP financial measure, certain additional information, including a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure to the closest comparable GAAP financial measure, as well as a statement of the company’s reasons for utilizing the non-GAAP financial measure. The SEC has exempted from the definition of non-GAAP financial measures certain commonly used financial measures that are not based on GAAP. However, two non-GAAP financial measures commonly used by financial institutions, namely tax-equivalent net interest income and tax-equivalent net interest margin (as presented in the tables in the section labeled Yields Earned and Rates Paid), have not been specifically exempted by the SEC, and may therefore constitute non-GAAP financial measures under Regulation G. We are unable to state with certainty whether the SEC would regard those measures as subject to Regulation G. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful in evaluating the Company’s financial performance and facilitate comparisons with the performance of other financial institutions. However, that information should be considered supplemental in nature and not as a substitute for related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The Company has established various accounting policies which govern the application of GAAP in the preparation of the Company's consolidated financial statements. Certain accounting policies involve significant judgments and assumptions by management which have a material impact on the reported amount of assets, liabilities, capital, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The SEC has defined a company's critical accounting policies as the ones that are most important to the portrayal of the company's financial condition and results of operations, and which require management to make its most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates on matters that are inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, management has identified the accounting policies and judgments most critical to the Company. They include establishing the amount of ALL, evaluating our investment securities for OTTI, valuing our intangible assets and determining the amount of our defined benefit pension plan obligation and net periodic cost/(benefit) as well as the amount of our required contribution in connection with termination of the Plan.The judgments and assumptions used by management are based on historical experience and other factors, which are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Because of the nature of the judgments and assumptions made by management, actual results could differ from estimates and have a material impact on the carrying value of assets, liabilities, or capital, and/or the results of operations of the Company.

Please refer to the Company's 2017 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a more in-depth discussion of the Company's critical accounting policies. There have been no changes to the Company's critical accounting policies since the filing of that report.

OVERVIEW
The Company's net income was $2.5 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 compared to $2.2 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2017, an increase of $223 thousand, or 10.0%. These results reflected an increase in the Company's net interest income of $627 thousand, or 9.5%, and a decrease in the provision for income taxes of $374 thousand, or 45.6%. These positive changes were partially offset by a decrease in noninterest income of $181 thousand, or 7.8%, an increase in the provision for loan losses of $150 thousand and an increase in noninterest expenses of $447 thousand, or 7.6%.
Year-to-date earnings for 2018 were $5.2 million, or $1.16 per share, compared to $4.2 million, or $0.93 per share, for the same period in 2017, an increase of 25.0% year over year. Net interest income improved $1.2 million, or 9.7%, noninterest income increased $57 thousand, or 1.2%, and the provision for income taxes decreased $525 thousand, or 35.4%. These positive changes were partially offset by an increase in noninterest expenses of $641 thousand, or 5.4%, and an increase in the provision for loan losses of $150 thousand. No provision for loan losses was recorded during the first six months of 2017.
Passage of the 2017 Tax Act reduced the Company's federal income tax rate from 34% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The rate reduction has had a positive impact on earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018.(See Results of Operations, Provision for Income Taxes on page 35.)
As discussed in the Company's 2017 Annual Report, , on October 18, 2017, the Company's Board of Directors voted to terminate Union Bank’s Defined Benefit Pension Plan. The Company anticipates completing the transfer of all liabilities and administrative


responsibilities under the Plan by December 31, 2018. Once the process is complete, the Company will no longer have any remaining defined benefit pension plan obligations and thus no periodic pension expense in future periods.
Additionally, passage of the 2017 Tax Act reduced the Company's federal income tax rate from 34% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. The rate reduction has had a positive impact on earnings for the first three months of 2018.(See Results of Operations, Provision for Income Taxes on page 31.)
The Company's net income was $2.7 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 compared to $1.9 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, an increase of $817 thousand, or 42.3%. These results reflected an increase in the Company's net interest income of $622 thousand, or 9.9%, an increase in noninterest income of $238 thousand, or 10.7%, and a decrease in the provision for income taxes of $151 thousand, or 22.7%. These positive changes were partially offset by an increase in noninterest expenses of $194 thousand, or 3.3%.
At March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company had total consolidated assets of $722.7$717.6 million,, including gross loans and loans held for sale (total loans) of $594.6$580.5 million, deposits of $623.8$578.9 million, borrowed funds of $69.0 million, and stockholders' equity of $59.2$60.1 million. The Company’s total assets


at March 31,June 30, 2018 decreased $23.1$28.2 million, or 3.1%3.8%, from $745.8 million at December 31, 2017, and increased $46.3$52.7 million, or 6.8%7.9%, compared to March 31,June 30, 2017. (See Financial Condition on page 31.35.)
The Company's total capital increased from $58.7 million at December 31, 2017 to $59.2$60.1 million at March 31,June 30, 2018. This increase primarily reflects net income of $2.7$5.2 million for the first threesix months of 2018, partially offset by an increase of $950 thousand$1.2 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss and regular cash dividends paid of $1.3$2.7 million. (See Capital Resources on page 38.43.)
The following unaudited per share information and key ratios depict several measurements of performance or financial condition at or for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively:
Three Months Ended or At March 31,Three Months Ended or At June 30,Six Months Ended or At June 30,
201820172018201720182017
Return on average assets (1)1.51%1.14%1.33%1.31%1.42%1.23%
Return on average equity (1)18.76%13.67%16.56%15.51%17.66%14.60%
Net interest margin (1)(2)4.15%4.15%4.24%4.26%4.19%4.20%
Efficiency ratio (3)64.48%67.95%66.62%64.36%65.55%66.12%
Net interest spread (4)4.04%4.06%4.13%4.18%4.09%4.12%
Loan to deposit ratio95.31%92.84%100.28%95.92%100.28%95.92%
Net loan charge-offs to average loans not held for sale (1)%0.04%%0.02%%0.03%
Allowance for loan losses to loans not held for sale0.91%0.97%0.97%0.96%0.97%0.96%
Nonperforming assets to total assets (5)0.23%0.49%0.23%0.46%0.23%0.46%
Equity to assets8.19%8.45%8.38%8.79%8.38%8.79%
Total capital to risk weighted assets13.96%13.40%14.06%13.37%14.06%13.37%
Book value per share$13.25
$12.81
$13.46
$13.10
$13.46
$13.10
Earnings per share$0.62
$0.43
$0.54
$0.50
$1.16
$0.93
Dividends paid per share$0.30
$0.29
$0.30
$0.29
$0.60
$0.58
Dividend payout ratio (6)48.39%67.44%55.56%58.00%51.72%62.37%
__________________
(1)Annualized.
(2)The ratio of tax equivalent net interest income to average earning assets. See page 28pages 31 and 32 for more information.
(3)The ratio of noninterest expense to tax equivalent net interest income and noninterest income, excluding securities gains (losses).
(4)The difference between the average yield on earning assets and the average rate paid on  interest bearing liabilities. See page 28pages 31 and 32 for more information.
(5)Nonperforming assets are loans or investment securities that are in nonaccrual or 90 or more days past due as well as OREO or OAO.
(6)Cash dividends declared and paid per share divided by consolidated net income per share.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Interest Income. The largest component of the Company’s operating income is net interest income, which is the difference between interest and dividend income received from earning assets and interest expense paid on interest bearing liabilities. Net interest income is affected by various factors including, but not limited to changes in interest rates, loan and deposit pricing strategies, the volume and mix of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, and the level of nonperforming assets. Net interest margin is calculated as the net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis as a percentage of average earning assets. As a result of the 2017 Tax Act, our corporate tax rate has declined from 34% in prior years to 21% in 2018. Accordingly, the factor utilized in calculating tax equivalent interest income has declined, resulting in lower yields on the tax advantaged earning assets.
The Company’s net interest income increased $622$627 thousand, or 9.9%9.5%, to $6.9$7.2 million for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 from $6.3$6.6 million for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2017. The net interest spread decreased twofive bps to 4.04%4.13% for the first second


quarter of 2018, from 4.06%4.18% for the same period last year, reflecting a six13 bp increase in the average rate paid on interest bearing liabilities, partially offset by a fouran eight bp increase in the average yield earned on interest earning assets between periods. Interest income on loans increased $677$766 thousand to $7.0$7.4 million for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 from $6.3$6.6 million for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2017 due to an increase in the average volume of loans outstanding of $53.2$55.6 million during the 20


18 comparison period. Interest income on investment securities increased $17$62 thousand between periods due to an increase in average volume of $2.9 million, despite a slight decline in average volume and a 15 bp decrease in the average yield as a result of one bp due to a decrease in the tax equivalent factor.
The average rate paid on interest bearing liabilities increased six13 bps, to 0.49%0.53% for the firstsecond quarter of 2018 compared to 0.43%0.40% for the firstsecond quarter of 2017. AverageCompetition for customer deposits and increases in short term interest rates have contributed to increases in average rates paid increased in all deposit categories while the average rate paid on borrowed funds remained unchanged.categories. The Company recognizes this trend may need to continue to increase rates paid on deposit accounts to remain competitive as short term interest rates and competition for deposit monies continuesis likely to increase. Additionally, fundingFunding sources other than core deposits may behave been necessary to fund loan demand which mayin the short term. These funds have a higher cost.cost than customer deposits at 1.47% from 1.39% a year ago. The eight bp increase along with an increase in average volume of $7.9 million has resulted in a $37 thousand increase in interest expense. These changes could result in increasedcontinued pressure on our net interest spread. Thespread and net interest margin which have decreased five bps and two bps, respectively, during the comparison periods.
Net interest income was unchanged at 4.15%$14.1 million, on a fully tax equivalent basis for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, compared to $12.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017, an increase of $1.2 million, or 9.69%. The average volume of earning assets increased$52.8 million and March 31,the average yield on earning assets increased six bps to 4.60% compared to 4.54% for the comparison periods. Average loans increased $54.4 million to $596.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to $541.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017. The increase in volume is the primary contributor to the $1.6 million increase in interest income on loans.
The average cost of funds, which is tied primarily to customer deposit accounts, increased nine bps to 0.51% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to 0.42% for the same period last year. Interest expense increased $325 thousand, or 6.80%, from $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017 to $1.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018. The increase was primarily due to the increase in average rate and to a lesser extent the increase in average volume of $34.6 million.


The following table showstables show for the periods indicated the total amount of income recorded from average interest earning assets, the related average tax equivalent yields, the interest expense associated with average interest bearing liabilities, the related average rates paid, and the resulting tax equivalent net interest spread and margin.
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended June 30,
2018201720182017
Average
Balance
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Average Assets:        
Federal funds sold and overnight deposits$16,457
$53
1.28%$19,217
$30
0.63%$8,375
$9
0.46%$13,939
$19
0.52%
Interest bearing deposits in banks9,957
45
1.83%9,252
35
1.54%9,757
51
2.10%8,500
36
1.72%
Investment securities (1), (2)68,413
445
2.81%68,456
428
2.96%71,314
477
2.87%68,442
415
2.88%
Loans, net (1), (3)590,321
6,999
4.87%537,117
6,322
4.87%601,947
7,374
4.97%546,391
6,608
4.95%
Nonmarketable equity securities2,362
29
4.95%2,354
24
4.16%2,826
32
4.41%2,431
23
3.83%
Total interest earning assets (1)687,510
7,571
4.53%636,396
6,839
4.49%694,219
7,943
4.66%639,703
7,101
4.58%
Cash and due from banks3,945
  4,123
  4,142
  4,064
  
Premises and equipment14,177
  13,416
  14,696
  13,219
  
Other assets22,359
  22,062
  22,006
  22,022
  
Total assets$727,991
  $675,997
  $735,063
  $679,008
  
Average Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:          
Interest bearing checking accounts$145,091
47
0.13%$140,253
39
0.11%$142,967
45
0.13%$148,056
42
0.11%
Savings/money market accounts258,066
298
0.47%230,935
211
0.37%256,536
285
0.45%226,734
188
0.33%
Time deposits101,793
188
0.75%103,723
172
0.67%108,741
244
0.90%101,852
166
0.66%
Borrowed funds32,343
114
1.41%32,720
115
1.41%42,230
157
1.47%34,300
120
1.39%
Total interest bearing liabilities537,293
647
0.49%507,631
537
0.43%550,474
731
0.53%510,942
516
0.40%
Noninterest bearing deposits124,875
  106,794
  117,272
  105,565
  
Other liabilities7,265
  5,109
  8,131
  5,059
  
Total liabilities669,433
  619,534
  675,877
  621,566
  
Stockholders' equity58,558
  56,463
  59,186
  57,442
  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$727,991
  $675,997
  $735,063
  $679,008
  
Net interest income $6,924
  $6,302
  $7,212
  $6,585
 
Net interest spread (1) 4.04% 4.06% 4.13% 4.18%
Net interest margin (1) 4.15% 4.15% 4.24% 4.26%


 Six Months Ended June 30,
 20182017
 
Average
Balance
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
Average
Balance
Interest
Earned/
Paid
Average
Yield/
Rate
 (Dollars in thousands)
Average Assets:      
Federal funds sold and overnight deposits$12,394
$62
1.00%$16,564
$49
0.59%
Interest bearing deposits in banks9,856
96
1.97%8,874
71
1.62%
Investment securities (1), (2)69,874
923
2.84%68,450
843
2.92%
Loans, net (1), (3)596,166
14,373
4.92%541,780
12,930
4.91%
Nonmarketable equity securities2,595
60
4.65%2,393
47
4.00%
Total interest earning assets (1)690,885
15,514
4.60%638,061
13,940
4.54%
Cash and due from banks4,044
  4,093
  
Premises and equipment14,438
  13,317
  
Other assets22,188
  22,040
  
Total assets$731,555
  $677,511
  
Average Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:      
Interest bearing checking accounts$144,023
92
0.13%$144,176
81
0.11%
Savings/money market accounts257,297
583
0.46%228,823
398
0.35%
Time deposits105,286
432
0.83%102,782
339
0.66%
Borrowed funds37,320
271
1.44%33,516
235
1.40%
Total interest bearing liabilities543,926
1,378
0.51%509,297
1,053
0.42%
Noninterest bearing deposits121,024
  106,124
  
Other liabilities7,745
  5,128
  
Total liabilities672,695
  620,549
  
Stockholders' equity58,860
  56,962
  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$731,555
  $677,511
  
Net interest income $14,136
  $12,887
 
Net interest spread (1)  4.09%  4.12%
Net interest margin (1)  4.19%  4.20%
__________________
(1)
Average yields reported on a tax equivalent basis using a marginal tax rate of 21% and 34% for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
(2)
Average balances of investment securities are calculated on the amortized cost basis and include nonaccrual securities, if applicable.
(3)
Includes loans held for sale as well as nonaccrual loans, unamortized costs and unamortized premiums and is net of the allowance for loan losses.



Tax exempt interest income amounted to $506$506 thousand and $439 thousand $433 thousandfor the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1.0 million and $872 thousand for the 2018 and 2017 six month comparison periods, respectively. The following table presents the effect of tax exempt income on the calculation of net interest income, using a marginal tax rate of 21% and 34% for the 2018 and 2017three months ended March 31, 2018and2017, six month comparison periods, respectively:
For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
For the Three Months
Ended June 30,
For The Six Months
Ended June 30,
201820172018201720182017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Net interest income, as presented$6,924
$6,302
$7,212
$6,585
$14,136
$12,887
Effect of tax-exempt interest   
Investment securities34
79
34
79
68
158
Loans85
130
85
133
170
263
Net interest income, tax equivalent$7,043
$6,511
$7,331
$6,797
$14,374
$13,308

Rate/Volume Analysis. The following table describes the extent to which changes in average interest rates (on a fully tax-equivalent basis) and changes in volume of average interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities have affected the Company's interest income and interest expense during the periods indicated. For each category of interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, information is provided on changes attributable to:
changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by prior rate);
changes in rate (change in rate multiplied by prior volume); and
total change in rate and volume.

Changes attributable to both rate and volume have been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Compared to
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change In
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Compared to
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change In
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Compared to
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Increase/(Decrease) Due to Change In
Volume (1)Rate (1)NetVolume (1)Rate (1)NetVolumeRateNet
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Interest earning assets:   
Federal funds sold and overnight deposits$(4)$27
$23
$(7)$(3)$(10)$(15)$28
$13
Interest bearing deposits in banks3
7
10
6
9
15
9
16
25
Investment securities
17
17
65
(3)62
111
(31)80
Loans, net677

677
711
55
766
1,371
72
1,443
Nonmarketable equity securities
5
5
5
4
9
4
9
13
Total interest earning assets$676
$56
$732
$780
$62
$842
$1,480
$94
$1,574
Interest bearing liabilities:  
Interest bearing checking accounts$2
$6
$8
$(2)$5
$3
$
$11
$11
Savings/money market accounts27
60
87
27
70
97
53
132
185
Time deposits(3)19
16
13
65
78
8
85
93
Borrowed funds(1)
(1)29
8
37
27
9
36
Total interest bearing liabilities$25
$85
$110
$67
$148
$215
$88
$237
$325
Net change in net interest income$651
$(29)$622
$713
$(86)$627
$1,392
$(143)$1,249
__________________
(1)Tax equivalent interest income is calculated using a marginal tax rate of 21% and 34% for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Provision for Loan Losses. There was noa $150 thousand provision for loan losslosses recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to no provision recorded for the three month periodsand six months ended March 31, 2018 or March 31,June 30, 2017. NoThe provision for loan losses for the first threesix months of 2018 was deemed appropriate by management based on the size and mix of the loan portfolio, the level


of nonperforming loans, the results of the qualitative factor review and prevailing existing economic conditions. For further details, see FINANCIAL CONDITION- Allowance for Loan Losses and Asset Quality below.



Noninterest Income. Noninterest income was $2.5$2.2 million, or 21.3% of total income for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, compared to $2.2$2.3 million, or 24.7% of total income for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2017. and $4.6 million, or 23.0% of total income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to $4.6 million, or 24.7% of total income for the six months ended June 30, 2017. The following table sets forth the components of noninterest income and changes from 2017 to 2018:
For The Three Months Ended March 31,For The Three Months Ended June 30,For The Six Months Ended June 30,
20182017$ Variance% Variance20182017$ Variance% Variance20182017$ Variance% Variance
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Trust income$193
$178
$15
8.4
$191
$191
$

$384
$369
$15
4.1
Service fees1,487
1,440
47
3.3
1,483
1,451
32
2.2
2,970
2,891
79
2.7
Net gains on sales of loans held for sale295
508
(213)(41.9)431
597
(166)(27.8)726
1,105
(379)(34.3)
Income from Company-owned life insurance312
60
252
420.0
56
59
(3)(5.1)368
119
249
209.2
Other income184
47
137
291.5
(9)26
(35)(134.6)175
73
102
139.7
Subtotal2,152
2,324
(172)(7.4)4,623
4,557
66
1.4
Net gains on sales of investment securities AFS
9
(9)(100.0)
9
(9)(100.0)
Total noninterest income$2,471
$2,233
$238
10.7
$2,152
$2,333
$(181)(7.8)$4,623
$4,566
$57
1.2
The significant changes in noninterest income for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 compared to the same periodperiods of 2017 are described below:
Service fees. Total service feesLoan servicing income increased $47$25 thousand and $56 thousand for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to the same period inperiods of 2017 due to increases of $23 thousandan increase in the serviced loan portfolio during the comparison periods. Total service charges on deposit accounts, which includes overdraft fees and $31ATM surcharge and interchange fees, increased $1 thousand and $41 thousand for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, despite a reduction in loan servicing income, partially offset by nominal decreasesservices charges on customer accounts of $13 thousand and $11 thousand for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to the same periods in other miscellaneous fee income.2017.
Net gains on sales of loans held for sale. Continuing the Company's strategy to mitigate long-term interest rate risk, residential and commercial loans totaling $23.1$26.3 million and $49.4 million were sold duringfor the first quarter ofthree and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, versus residential and commercial loan sales of $28.5$30.0 million and $58.5 million during the first quarter ofsame periods in 2017. The decline in net gains on sales of real estate loans is due to a combination of lower volumes of loans sold and lower average premiums on sold loans between periods, reflecting a rising interest rate environment.
Income from Company-owned life insurance. Proceeds from the death benefit on an insurance policy on the life of a former director resulted in $252 thousand of additional income during the first quarter of 2018.
Other income. Other income is a net expense of $9 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2018 compared to income of $26 thousand for the three months ended June 30, 2017. The decrease between the comparison periods is due to a decrease in MSR income of $44 thousand, partially offset by an increase of $9 thousand in miscellaneous noninterest income. Other income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 increased $102 thousand between periods due to the gain on the sale of a bank owned branch building of $191 thousand during the first quarter of 2018, partially offset by decreasesa decrease of $43$88 thousand in MSR income and $11 thousand of miscellaneous noninterest income.



Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense increased $194$447 thousand, or 3.3%7.6%, and $641 thousand, or 5.4% for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, respectively compared to the same periodperiods in 2017. The following table sets forth the components of noninterest expense and changes between the three and six month comparison periods of 2018 and 2017:
For The Three Months Ended March 31,For The Three Months Ended June 30,For The Six Months Ended June 30,
20182017$ Variance% Variance20182017$ Variance% Variance20182017$ Variance% Variance
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Salaries and wages$2,649
$2,568
$81
3.2
$2,614
$2,504
$110
4.4
$5,263
$5,072
$191
3.8
Pension and employee benefits958
879
79
9.0
1,197
951
246
25.9
2,155
1,830
325
17.8
Occupancy expense, net395
390
5
1.3
336
363
(27)(7.4)731
753
(22)(2.9)
Equipment expense535
534
1
0.2
511
523
(12)(2.3)1,046
1,057
(11)(1.0)
Electronic banking expenses68
28
40
142.9
72
27
45
166.7
140
55
85
154.5
Other expenses1,530
1,542
(12)(0.8)1,588
1,503
85
5.7
3,118
3,045
73
2.4
Total noninterest expense$6,135
$5,941
$194
3.3
$6,318
$5,871
$447
7.6
$12,453
$11,812
$641
5.4
The significant changes in noninterest expense for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 compared to the same periodperiods of 2017 are described below:
Salaries and wages. Salaries and wages increased $81$110 thousand and $191 thousand for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to the same period of 2017 due to normal salary increases, partially offset by a reduction in commissions paid to mortgage loan originators.
Pension and employee benefits. Pension and employee benefits increased $79$246 thousand for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and $325 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same periodperiods in 2017.2017, respectively. The increase for the three months ended June 30, 2018 is the result of an increasedue to increases in pension expense of $190 thousand,


company medical plan expense of $20 thousand, and other employee benefits of $21 thousand. The increase for the six months ended June 30, 2018 is the result of increases in pension plan expense of $379 thousand, 401k contributions of $23 thousand, partially offset by a reduction in the cost of the Company's medical plan of $119$98 thousand. The reduction in the Company's medical plan costs in 2018 reflects a $242 thousand plan credit due to favorable 2017 claims experience. A similar experience based credit received in 2017 was $130 thousand. As discussed in Note 9 of the Company's unaudited consolidated financial statements, the Company plans to terminate its defined benefit pension plan during 2018 with the settlement of assets and liabilities expected to occur during the fourth quarter of 2018. The Company will continue to recognize pension related costs during its interim periods until the plan has been settled.
Electronic banking expenses. During the first quarter of 2018, Union changed its service provider for its internet and mobile banking product. The new product was selected to provide a more robust product to Union's customers that includes additional functionality. The utilization of the product resulted in an increase in electronic banking expenses of $40$45 thousand between periods.and $85 thousand for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to the same periods of 2017.
Provision for Income Taxes. The Company has provided for current and deferred federal income taxes for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and June 30, 2017. The Company's net provision for income taxes was $513$446 thousand and $959 thousand for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to $664$820 thousand and $1.5 million for the same periodperiods in 2017.2017, respectively. The Company's effective tax rate was 15.7%15.4% and 25.6%15.6% for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, respectively, compared to 26.9% and 26.3% for the same periods in 2017, respectively. The reduction in the effective tax rate for the comparison periods was primarily due to a decrease in the corporate income tax rate from 34% to 21% as a result of the 2017 Tax Act.
Amortization expense related to limited partnership investments is included as a component of tax expense and amounted to $140$129 thousand and $157$269 thousand for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, respectively, and $157 thousand and $314 thousand for the same periods in 2017 respectively. These investments provide tax benefits, including tax credits. Low income housing tax credits with respect to limited partnership investments are also included as a component of income tax expense and amounted to $148 thousand for the three months ended March 31, 2018, and $158$296 thousand for the three and six months ended March 31, 2017.June 30, 2018, respectively, and $158 thousand and $318 thousand for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

At March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company had total consolidated assets of $722.7717.6 million, including gross loans and loans held for sale (total loans) of $594.6580.5 million, deposits of $623.8578.9 million, borrowed funds of $69.0 million and stockholders' equity of $59.260.1 million.


The Company’s total assets at March 31,June 30, 2018 decreased $23.128.2 million, or 3.1%3.8%, from $745.8 million at December 31, 2017, and increased $46.352.7 million, or 6.8%7.9%, compared to March 31,June 30, 2017.

Net loans and loans held for sale totaled $590.0575.8 million, or 81.6%80.2% of total assets at March 31,June 30, 2018, compared to $589.9 million, or 79.1% of total assets at December 31, 2017. (See Loans Held for Sale and Loan Portfolio below.)

Total deposits decreased $23.768.7 million, or 3.7%10.6%, to $623.8578.9 million at March 31,June 30, 2018, from $647.6 million at December 31, 2017. InterestThere were decreases in interest bearing deposits decreased $26.6of $58.0 million, or 6.4%13.9%, which was partially offset by increases inand noninterest bearing deposits of $1.116.8 million, or 0.9%13.2%, andwhich were partially offset by an increase in time deposits of $1.76.2 million, or 1.7%6.1%. The declinemajority of the decrease in total deposits between periods is relatedreflects an expected one day seasonal decline due to seasonal fluctuationsthe municipal funding requirements in municipal deposit account balances.Vermont as municipalities and school districts utilize their deposits to pay down their short term loans as of their June 30 fiscal year end. (See average balances and rates in the Yields Earned and Rates Paid tables on page 28.pages 31 and 32.)

Total borrowed funds decreasedincreased $316 thousand37.5 million, or 1.0%118.6%, from $31.6 million at December 31, 2017 to $31.369.0 million at March 31,June 30, 2018. CustomerFHLB advances increased $38.2 million and customer overnight collateralized repurchase sweeps decreased $1.2 million, while FHLB advances increased $928$777 thousand between December 31, 2017 and March 31,June 30, 2018. (See Borrowings on page 36.41.)

Total stockholders’ equity increased $503 thousand$1.4 million to $59.260.1 million at March 31,June 30, 2018 from $58.7 million at December 31, 2017. (See Capital Resources on page 38.43.)

Loans Held for Sale and Loan Portfolio. Total loans (including loans held for sale) was $594.6decreased $14.1 million, unchanged from December 31, 2017, and representedor 2.4%, to $580.5 million, representing 82.3%80.9% of assets at March 31,June 30, 2018 and, from $594.6 million, representing 79.7% of assets at December 31, 2017. The total loan portfolio at March 31,June 30, 2018 increased $54.2$38.9 million compared to the March 31,June 30, 2017 level of $540.4541.6 million, representing 79.9%81.5% of assets. The Company’s loans consist primarily of adjustable-rate and fixed-rate mortgage loans secured by one-to-four family, multi-family residential or commercial real estate. Real estate secured loans represented $488.9507.4 million, or 82.2%87.4% of total loans at March 31,June 30, 2018 and $484.2 million, or 81.4% of total loans at December 31, 2017. Although competition for good loans is strong, especially in the commercial sector, the Company has been able to originate loans to both current and new customers while maintaining credit quality. TheOther than the decrease in the municipal portfolio reflecting the one day seasonal fluctuation from municipalities and school districts paying down their short term loans as of their June 30 fiscal year end, the composition of the Company’s loan portfolio remained relatively unchanged from December 31, 2017. There was no material change in the Company’s lending programs or terms during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2018.



The composition of the Company's loan portfolio as of March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was as follows:
March 31, 2018December 31, 2017June 30, 2018December 31, 2017
Loan ClassAmountPercentAmountPercentAmountPercentAmountPercent
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$181,850
30.6$178,999
30.1$181,942
31.3$178,999
30.1
Construction real estate43,379
7.342,935
7.250,358
8.742,935
7.2
Commercial real estate260,695
43.8254,291
42.8269,645
46.5254,291
42.8
Commercial46,885
7.950,719
8.547,596
8.250,719
8.5
Consumer3,525
0.63,894
0.73,680
0.63,894
0.7
Municipal55,326
9.355,777
9.421,855
3.855,777
9.4
Loans held for sale2,938
0.57,947
1.35,424
0.97,947
1.3
Total loans594,598
100.0594,562
100.0580,500
100.0594,562
100.0
Allowance for loan losses(5,405) (5,408) (5,553) (5,408) 
Unamortized net loan costs797
 795
 846
 795
 
Net loans and loans held for sale$589,990
 $589,949
 $575,793
 $589,949
 
The Company originates and sells qualified residential mortgage loans in various secondary market avenues, with a majority of sales made to the FHLMC/Freddie Mac, generally with servicing rights retained. At March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company serviced a $675.6681.5 million residential real estate mortgage portfolio, of which $2.95.4 million was held for sale and approximately $490.8494.1 million was serviced for unaffiliated third parties.

The Company sold $23.1$49.4 million of qualified residential real estate loans primarily originated during the first threesix months of 2018 to the secondary market to mitigate long-term interest rate risk and to generate fee income, compared to sales of $28.5$58.4 million


during the first threesix months of 2017. The Company originates and sells FHA, VA, and RD residential mortgage loans, and also has an Unconditional Direct Endorsement Approval from HUD which allows the Company to approve FHA loans originated in any of its Vermont or New Hampshire locations without needing prior HUD underwriting approval. The Company sells FHA, VA and FHARD loans as originated with servicing released. Some of the government backed loans qualify for zero down payments without geographic or income restrictions. These loan products increase the Company's ability to serve the borrowing needs of residents in the communities we serve, including low and moderate income borrowers, while the government guaranty mitigates our exposure to credit risk.

The Company also originates commercial real estate and commercial loans under various SBA, USDA and State sponsored programs that provide a government agency guaranty for a portion of the loan amount. There was $4.34.1 million guaranteed under these various programs at March 31,June 30, 2018 on an aggregate balance of $5.55.2 million in subject loans. The Company occasionally sells the guaranteed portion of the loan to other financial concernspartners and retains servicing rights, which generates fee income. There were no commercial loans sold in the first threesix months of 2018 and $27$103 thousand of commercial loans sold in the first threesix months of 2017. The Company recognizes gains and losses on the sale of the principal portion of these loans as they occur.

The Company serviced $13.914.5 million of commercial and commercial real estate loans for unaffiliated third parties as of March 31,June 30, 2018. This includes $11.612.3 million of commercial or commercial real estate loans the Company has participated out to other financial institutions, in the ordinary course of business on a nonrecourse basis, for liquidity or credit concentration management purposes.

As of March 31,June 30, 2018, there were $1.1$1.089 billion in total loans serviced, an increase of $5.6 million compared to December 31, 2017. Total loans serviced at March 31, 2018 includedwhich includes total loans on the balance sheet of $594.6$580.5 million as well as total loans sold with servicing retained of $504.8$508.7 million. There were $1.094 billion in total loans serviced as of December 31, 2017.

The Company capitalizes MSRs for all loans sold with servicing retained and recognizes gains and losses on the sale of the principal portion of these loans as they occur. The unamortized balance of MSRs on loans sold with servicing retained was $1.71.6 million at March 31,June 30, 2018, with an estimated market value in excess of the carrying value as of such date. Management periodically evaluates and measures the servicing assets for impairment.

Qualifying residential first mortgage loans and certain commercial real estate loans with a carrying value of $165.0$187.4 million were pledged as collateral for borrowings from the FHLB under a blanket lien at March 31,June 30, 2018.



Asset Quality. The Company, like all financial institutions, is exposed to certain credit risks, including those related to the value of the collateral that secures its loans and the ability of borrowers to repay their loans. Consistent application of the Company’s conservative loan policies has helped to mitigate this risk and has been prudent for both the Company and its customers. Renewed market volatility, high unemployment rates or weakness in the general economic condition of the country or our market area, may have a negative effect on our customers’ ability to make their loan payments on a timely basis and/or on underlying collateral values. Management closely monitors the Company’s loan and investment portfolios, OREO and OAO for potential problems and reports to the Company’s and Union’s Board at regularly scheduled meetings. Board approved policies set forth portfolio diversification levels to mitigate concentration risk and the Company participates large credits out to other financial institutions to further mitigate that risk.


Repossessed assets and loans or investments that are 90 days or more past due are considered to be nonperforming assets.The following table shows the composition of nonperforming assets at the dates indicated and trends in certain ratios monitored by the Company's management in reviewing asset quality:
As of or for the three months endedAs of or for the year endedAs of or for the three months ended
March 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
March 31,
2017
June 30,
2018
December 31,
2017
June 30,
2017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Nonaccrual loans$1,400
$1,191
$3,083
$927
$1,191
$2,728
Accruing loans 90+ days delinquent294
494
257
758
494
357
Total nonperforming loans (1)1,694
1,685
3,340
1,685
1,685
3,085
OREO
36


36

Total nonperforming assets (1)$1,694
$1,721
$3,340
$1,685
$1,721
$3,085
ALL to loans not held for sale0.91%0.92%0.97%0.97%0.92%0.96%
ALL to nonperforming loans319.07%320.95%155.45%329.55%320.95%167.52%
Nonperforming loans to total loans0.28%0.28%0.62%0.29%0.28%0.57%
Nonperforming assets to total assets0.23%0.23%0.49%0.23%0.23%0.46%
Delinquent loans (30 days to nonaccruing) to total loans1.22%1.05%1.64%0.60%1.05%0.97%
Net charge-offs (annualized) to average loans not held for sale%0.01%0.04%%0.01%0.03%
____________________
(1)
The Company had guarantees of U.S. or state government agencies on the above nonperforming loans totaling $129253 thousand at March 31,June 30, 2018, $131 thousand at December 31, 2017, and $333194 thousand at March 31,June 30, 2017.

The level of nonaccrual loans increaseddecreased $209264 thousand, or 17.5%22.2%, since December 31, 2017, and accruing loans delinquent 90 days or more decreasedincreased $200264 thousand, or 40.5%53.4%, during the same time period. There was one residential real estate loan totaling $131 thousand in process of foreclosure at March 31,June 30, 2018. The aggregate interest income not recognized on nonaccrual loans amounted to approximately $1.2 million and $1.3$1.4 million as of March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $1.2 million as of December 31, 2017.
At March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company had loans rated substandard that were on performing status totaling $3.22.0 million, compared to $3.0 million at December 31, 2017. In management's view, substandard loans represent a higher degree of risk of becoming nonperforming loans in the future. The Company’s management is focused on the impact that the economy may have on its borrowers and closely monitors industry and geographic concentrations for evidence of financial problems. The past two winteryears have resulted in successful tourist seasons have brought cold temperatures and snowfall tofor all seasons throughout the area,year, which appears to have improved the related business' financial performance. Improvement in local economic indicators have also been identified over the past two years. The unemployment rate has stabilized in Vermont and was 2.8% for MarchJune 2018 compared to 3.0%3.2% for MarchJune 2017. The New Hampshire unemployment rate was 2.6%2.7% for MarchJune 2018 compared to 2.8%2.9% for MarchJune 2017. These rates compare favorably with the nationwide unemployment rate of 4.1%4.0% and 4.5%4.4%, respectively, for the comparable periods. Management will continue to monitor the national, regional and local economic environment and its impact on unemployment, business failuresoutlook and real estate values in the Company’s market area.
On occasion, the Company acquires residential or commercial real estate properties through or in lieu of loan foreclosure. These properties are held for sale and are initially recorded as OREO at fair value less estimated selling costs at the date of the Company’s acquisition of the property, with fair value based on an appraisal for more significant properties and on a broker’s price opinion for less significant properties. Holding costs and declines in the fair value of properties acquired are expensed as incurred. Declines in the fair value after acquisition of the property result in charges against income before tax. There were no such declines for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, or March 31,June 30, 2017. The Company evaluates each OREO property at least quarterly for


changes in the fair value. The Company had no properties classified as OREO at March 31,June 30, 2018 or March 31,June 30, 2017 and one residential real estate property valued at $36 thousand classified as OREO at December 31, 2017.
Allowance for Loan Losses. Some of the Company’s loan customers ultimately do not make all of their contractually scheduled payments, requiring the Company to charge off a portion or all of the remaining principal balance due. The Company maintains an ALL to absorb such losses. The ALL is maintained at a level believed by management to be appropriate to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the evaluation date; however, actual loan losses may vary from current estimates. The Company's policy and methodologies for establishing the ALL, described in the Company's 2017 Annual Report did not change during the first threesix months of 2018.
Impaired loans, including $3.4 million of TDR loans, were $3.34.0 million at March 31,June 30, 2018, with government guaranties of $533675 thousand and a specific reserve amount allocated of $5057 thousand. Impaired loans at December 31, 2017 were $3.3 million, with


government guaranties of $550 thousand and a specific reserve amount allocated of $48 thousand. All of the impaired loans were also TDR loans at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Based on management's evaluation of the Company's historical loss experience on substandard commercial loans, commercial loans with balances greater than $500 thousand was established asis the threshold for individual impairment evaluation with a specific reserve allocated when warranted. Commercial loans with balances under this threshold are collectively evaluated for impairment as a homogeneous pool of loans, unless such loans are subject to a restructuring agreement or have been identified as impaired as part of a larger customer relationship. The specific reserve amount allocated to individually identified impaired loans increased $29 thousand as a result of the March 31,June 30, 2018 impairment evaluation.
The following table reflects activity in the ALL for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017:
For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
For the Three Months
Ended June 30,
For The Six Months
Ended June 30,
201820172018201720182017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period$5,408
$5,247
$5,405
$5,192
$5,408
$5,247
Charge-offs(6)(61)(3)(28)(9)(89)
Recoveries3
6
1
4
4
10
Net charge-offs(3)(55)(2)(24)(5)(79)
Provision for loan losses

150

150

Balance at end of period$5,405
$5,192
$5,553
$5,168
$5,553
$5,168
The following table (net of loans held for sale) shows the internal breakdown by risk component of the Company's ALL and the percentage of loans in each category to total loans in the respective portfolios at the dates indicated:
March 31, 2018December 31, 2017June 30, 2018December 31, 2017
AmountPercentAmountPercentAmountPercentAmountPercent
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$1,375
30.7$1,375
30.5$1,375
31.6$1,361
30.5
Construction real estate494
7.3494
7.3556
8.8488
7.3
Commercial real estate2,773
44.12,773
43.42,855
46.92,707
43.4
Commercial367
7.9367
8.6374
8.3395
8.6
Consumer25
0.625
0.726
0.630
0.7
Municipal63
9.463
9.530
3.864
9.5
Unallocated308
308
337
363
Total$5,405
100.0$5,405
100.0$5,553
100.0$5,408
100.0

Notwithstanding the categories shown in the table above or any specific allocation under the Company's ALL methodology, all funds in the ALL are available to absorb loan losses in the portfolio, regardless of loan category or specific allocation.

There were no changes to the reserve factors assigned to any of the loan portfolios based on the qualitative factor reviews performed during the first threesix months of 2018. Management of the Company believes, in its best estimate, that the ALL at March 31,June 30, 2018 is appropriate to cover probable credit losses inherent in the Company’s loan portfolio as of such date. However, there can be no assurance that the Company will not sustain losses in future periods which could be greater than the size of the ALL at March 31,June 30, 2018. In addition, our banking regulators, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our ALL. Such


agencies may require us to recognize adjustments to the ALL based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination. A large adjustment to the ALL for losses in future periods could require increased provisions to replenish the ALL, which could negatively affect earnings. Management continues to be cautiously optimistic about the collectability of the Company's loan portfolio.

Investment Activities. At March 31,June 30, 2018, investment securities classified as AFS totaled $68.469.5 million, comprising 9.5%9.7% of total assets, compared to $65.4 million, or 8.8% of total assets at December 31, 2017 .2017. Total investment securities decreasedincreased $2.03.1 million, or 3.0%4.7%, from $66.4 million, or 8.9% of total assets at December 31, 2017. Net unrealized losses for the Company’s AFS investment securities portfolio were $1.61.9 million as of March 31,June 30, 2018, compared to net unrealized losses of $381 thousand as of December 31, 2017. Net unrealized losses of $1.31.5 million, net of income tax effect, were reflected in the Company’s accumulated OCI component of stockholders’ equity at March 31,June 30, 2018. There were no securities classified as HTM at March 31,June 30, 2018 and $1.0 million in investment


securities classified as HTM at December 31, 2017. No declines in value were deemed by management to be OTT at March 31,June 30, 2018. Deterioration in credit quality and/or imbalances in liquidity that may exist in the financial marketplace might adversely affect the fair values of the Company’s investment portfolio and the amount of gains or losses ultimately realized on the sale of such securities, and may also increase the potential that certain resulting unrealized losses will be designated as OTT in future periods, resulting in write-downs and charges to earnings. There was $2.7$3.0 million of investment securities pledged to secure various public deposits or customer repurchase agreements as of March 31,June 30, 2018, compared to $4.6 million at December 31, 2017.

Deposits. The following table shows information concerning the Company's average deposits by account type and weighted average nominal rates at which interest was paid on such deposits for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and year ended December 31, 2017:2017:
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
Three Months Ended
March 31, 2017
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2018
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2017
Average
Amount
Percent
of Total
Deposits
Average
Rate
Average
Amount
Percent
of Total
Deposits
Average
Rate
Average
Amount
Percent
of Total
Deposits
Average
Rate
Average
Amount
Percent
of Total
Deposits
Average
Rate
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Nontime deposits:            
Noninterest bearing deposits$124,875
19.8
$106,794
18.4
$121,024
19.3
$106,124
18.2
Interest bearing checking accounts145,091
23.00.13%140,253
24.10.11%144,023
22.90.13%144,176
24.80.11%
Money market accounts154,704
24.60.68%132,652
22.80.53%153,221
24.40.66%130,206
22.40.50%
Savings accounts103,362
16.40.15%98,283
16.90.15%104,076
16.60.15%98,617
16.90.15%
Total nontime deposits528,032
83.80.26%477,982
82.20.21%522,344
83.20.26%479,123
82.30.20%
Time deposits:            
Less than $100,00060,009
9.50.67%62,330
10.70.66%60,186
9.60.72%62,116
10.70.65%
$100,000 and over41,784
6.70.86%41,393
7.10.69%45,100
7.20.97%40,666
7.00.68%
Total time deposits101,793
16.20.75%103,723
17.80.67%105,286
16.80.83%102,782
17.70.66%
Total deposits$629,825
100.00.34%$581,705
100.00.29%$627,630
100.00.36%$581,905
100.00.28%
During the first threesix months of 2018, average total deposits grew $48.1$45.7 million, or 8.3%7.9%, compared to the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2017, with growth in all categories except interest bearing checking accounts and time deposits.deposits less than $100 thousand.

The Company participates in CDARS, which permits the Company to offer full deposit insurance coverage to its customers by exchanging deposit balances with other CDARS participants. CDARS also provides the Company with an additional source of funding and liquidity through the purchase of deposits. At June 30, 2018, $1.5 million of the Company's CDARS deposits represented purchased deposits which are considered "brokered" deposits. There were $12.3no purchased deposits as of December 31, 2017. These deposits are included in time deposits on the consolidated balance sheets. There were $12.6 million of time deposits of $250,000 or less on the balance sheet at March 31,June 30, 2018 and $11.5 million at December 31, 2017, which were exchanged with other CDARS participants and are therefore considered for certain regulatory purposes to be “brokered” deposits. There were no purchased CDARS deposits at March 31, 2018 or December 31, 2017.participants.

The Company also participates in the ICS program, a service through which Union can offer its customers a savings product with access to unlimited FDIC insurance, while receiving reciprocal deposits from other FDIC-insured banks. Like the exchange of certificate of deposit accounts through CDARS, exchange of savings deposits through ICS provides a depositor with full deposit insurance coverage of excess balances, thereby helping Union retain the full amount of the deposit on its balance sheet. As with the CDARS program, in addition to reciprocal deposits, participating banks may also purchase one-way ICS deposits. There were


$45.5 $44.6 million and $67.0 million in exchanged ICS money market deposits on the balance sheet at March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. There were no purchased ICS deposits at March 31,June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017.

The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act was signed into law in May 2018 and allows the Company to hold reciprocal deposits up to 20 percent of total liabilities without those deposits being treated as brokered for regulatory purposes.

At March 31,June 30, 2018, there was $998$999 thousand in retail brokered deposits issued under a master certificate of deposit program with a deposit broker for the purpose of providing a supplemental source of funding and liquidity. These deposits will mature in February 2019. There were $2.0 million of retail brokered deposits at December 31, 2017.



The following table provides a maturity distribution of the Company’s time deposits in amounts of $100,000 and over at March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:
March 31, 2018December 31, 2017June 30, 2018December 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Within 3 months$9,363
$5,345
$11,178
$5,345
3 to 6 months9,410
9,752
7,736
9,752
6 to 12 months13,826
13,737
13,487
13,737
Over 12 months10,649
12,348
14,277
12,348
$43,248
$41,182
$46,678
$41,182
A provision of the Dodd-Frank Act permanently raised FDIC deposit insurance coverage to $250 thousand per depositor per insured depository institution for each account ownership category. At March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company had deposit accounts with less than $250 thousand totaling $463.1453.2 million, or 74.2%78.3% of its deposits, with FDIC insurance protection. An additional $2.56.4 million of municipal deposits were over the FDIC insurance coverage limit at March 31,June 30, 2018 and were collateralized by Union under applicable state regulations by investment securities.securities or letters of credit issued by the FHLB.

Borrowings. Total borrowed funds at March 31,June 30, 2018 were $31.369.0 million compared to $31.6 million at December 31, 2017, a net decreaseincrease of $316 thousand37.5 million, or 1.0%118.6%. The FHLB option advance borrowings were $31.168.5 million at March 31,June 30, 2018, at a weighted average rate of 1.44%1.79%, and $30.2 million at December 31, 2017, at a weighted average rate of 1.42%. The increase in borrowed funds was utilized to fund loan demand as loan growth has been outpacing deposit growth through the first six months of 2018. The increase in option advance borrowings reflects a $21.0 million one month bullet advance at 2.13% and a $20.0 million one month bullet advance at 2.09% taken during the second quarter of 2018, as well as a $7.0 million five year option advance (callable after one year) at 0.77% taken for liquidity purposes,during the first quarter of 2018. These advances were partially offset by the maturity of a $1.0$4.7 million in option advance,advances, a $5.0 million option advance called by FHLB and scheduled monthly payments of $72 thousand on long-term FHLB amortizing advances during the first threesix months of 2018. In addition, the Company had overnight secured customer repurchase agreement sweeps at March 31,June 30, 2018 of $121588 thousand, at a weighted average rate of 0.15%0.25%, compared to $1.4 million, at a weighted average rate of 0.25% at December 31, 2017, a decrease of $1.2 million777 thousand, or 91.1%56.9%, primarily due to a customer converting their account to another deposit product during the first quarter. The volume of the overnight secured customer repurchase agreement sweeps is volatile and is a function of our customers' cash flow and cash management needs.

The Company has the authority, up to its available borrowing capacity with the FHLB, to collateralize public unit deposits with letters of credit issued by the FHLB. FHLB letters of credit in the amount of $33.3$7.0 million and $29.6 million were utilized as collateral for these deposits at March 31,June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. Total fees paid by the Company in connection with the issuance of these letters of credit were $6$9 thousand and $15 thousand for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018, respectively, with no fees paid for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2017.

Commitments, Contingent Liabilities, and Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements. The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers, to reduce its own exposure to fluctuations in interest rates and to implement its strategic objectives. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit, interest rate caps and floors written on adjustable-rate loans, commitments to participate in or sell loans, commitments to buy or sell securities, certificates of deposit or other investment instruments and risk-sharing commitments or guarantees on certain sold loans. Such instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized on the balance sheet. The contractual or notional amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of involvement the Company has in a particular class of financial instruments.

The Company's maximum exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual or notional amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. For interest rate caps and floors written on adjustable-rate loans, the contractual or notional amounts do not represent the Company’s exposure to credit loss. The Company controls the risk of interest rate cap agreements through credit approvals, limits, and monitoring procedures. The Company generally requires collateral or other security to support financial instruments with credit risk.



The following table details the contractual or notional amount of financial instruments that represented credit risk at the balance sheet dates:
March 31, 2018December 31, 2017June 30, 2018December 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Commitments to originate loans$28,361
$25,394
$116,887
$25,394
Unused lines of credit87,457
85,906
81,178
85,906
Standby and commercial letters of credit2,121
2,064
2,078
2,064
Credit card arrangements1,286
1,326
1,389
1,326
FHLB Mortgage Partnership Finance credit enhancement obligation, net643
640
643
640
Commitment to purchase investment in a real estate limited partnership1,470
1,470

1,470
Contract commitment for renovation projects740
662
431
662
Total$122,078
$117,462
$202,606
$117,462
Commitments to originate loans are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have a fixed expiration date or other termination clause and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the loan commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon and not all credit lines will be utilized, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Lines of credit incur seasonal volume fluctuations due to the nature of some customers' businesses, such as tourism and maple syrup products production. The large increase in commitments to originate loans at June 30, 2018 from December 31, 2017 is primarily the result of the municipals' and school districts' fiscal cycle, with $63.9 million committed to them on June 30, 2018 for their fiscal year beginning July 1, 2018. In addition, commitments to originate commercial real estate loans at June 30, 2018 increased $25.2 million over December 31, 2017.
The Company did not hold any derivative or hedging instruments at March 31,June 30, 2018 or December 31, 2017.
The Company’s subsidiary bank is required (as are all banks) to maintain vault cash or a noninterest bearing reserve balance as established by FRB regulations. The Bank’s average total required reserve for the 14 day maintenance period including March 31,June 30, 2018 was $994 thousand$1.1 million and for December 31, 2017 was $1.4 million, both of which were satisfied by vault cash.

Contractual Obligations. The Company and Union have various financial obligations, including contractual obligations that may require future cash payments. The following table presents, as of March 31,June 30, 2018, significant fixed and determinable contractual obligations to third parties:
March 31, 2018June 30, 2018
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Operating lease commitments$623
$587
Contractual payments on borrowed funds (1)31,265
69,039
Deposits without stated maturity (1) (2)520,978
471,566
Certificates of deposit (1) (2)102,865
107,321
Deferred compensation payouts880
880
Total$656,611
$649,393
____________________
(1)The amounts exclude interest payable.
(2)While Union has a contractual obligation to depositors should they wish to withdraw all or some of the funds on deposit, management believes, based on historical analysis as well as current conditions in the financial markets, that the majority of these deposits will remain on deposit for the foreseeable future.

Liquidity. Liquidity is a measurement of the Company’s ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to fund deposit withdrawals, repay borrowings, fund investment and lending activities, and for other general business purposes. The primary objective of liquidity management is to maintain a balance between sources and uses of funds to meet our cash flow needs in the most economical and expedient manner. The Company’s principal sources of funds are deposits; amortization, prepayment and maturity of loans, investment securities, interest bearing deposits and other short-term investments; sales of securities and loans AFS; earnings; and funds provided from operations. Contractual principal repayments on loans are a relatively predictable source of funds; however, deposit flows and loan and investment prepayments are less predictable and can be significantly influenced by market interest rates, economic conditions, and rates offered by our competitors. Managing liquidity risk is essential to maintaining both depositor confidence and earnings stability.


As of March 31,June 30, 2018, Union, as a member of FHLB, had access to unused lines of credit up to $35.0$38.5 million over and above the $65.3$76.4 million in combined outstanding borrowings and other credit subject to collateralization, subject to the purchase of required


FHLB Class B common stock and evaluation by the FHLB of the underlying collateral available. This line of credit can be used for either short-term or long-term liquidity or other funding needs.

Union also maintains an IDEAL Way Line of Credit with the FHLB. The total line available was $551 thousand at March 31,June 30, 2018. There were no borrowings against this line of credit as of such date. Interest on this line is chargeable at a rate determined by the FHLB and payable monthly. Should Union utilize this line of credit, qualified portions of the loan and investment portfolios would collateralize these borrowings.

In addition to its borrowing arrangements with the FHLB, Union maintains a pre-approved federal funds line of credit totaling $10.0 million with an upstream correspondent bank and one-way buy options with CDARS and ICS as well as access to the FRB discount window, which would require pledging of qualified assets. Core deposits are the lowest cost of funds the Company has access to but these deposits may not be sufficient to cover the on balance sheet liquidity needs which makes using these other funding sources necessary. At March 31,June 30, 2018 there were no purchased ICS deposits under this agreement, no$1.5 million purchased CDARS deposits, and no outstanding advances on the federal funds line or at the discount window.

Union's investment and residential loan portfolios provide a significant amount of contingent liquidity that could be accessed in a reasonable time period through sales of those portfolios. We also have additional contingent liquidity sources with access to the brokered deposit market and the FRB discount window. These sources are considered as liquidity alternatives in our contingent liquidity plan. At March 31,June 30, 2018, there was $998 thousand in retail brokered deposits issued under a master certificate of deposit program with a deposit broker. Management believes the Company has sufficient liquidity to meet all reasonable borrower, depositor, and creditor needs in the present economic environment. However, any projections of future cash needs and flows are subject to substantial uncertainty, including factors outside the Company's control.
On July 2, 2018, the Company entered into a terms agreement with a deposit broker for placement of $8.0 million of brokered deposits to settle on July 13, 2018. Interest will be charged at a rate of 2.07% and will mature on October 12, 2018. The agreement was entered into to obtain funding to manage short term liquidity needs.

Capital Resources. Capital management is designed to maintain an optimum level of capital in a cost-effective structure that meets target regulatory ratios, supports management’s internal assessment of economic capital, funds the Company’s business strategies and builds long-term stockholder value. Dividends are generally in line with long-term trends in earnings per share and conservative earnings projections, while sufficient profits are retained to support anticipated business growth, fund strategic investments, maintain required regulatory capital levels and provide continued support for deposits. The Company continues to evaluate growth opportunities both through internal growth or potential acquisitions.

Stockholders’ equity increased from $58.7 million at December 31, 2017 to $59.2$60.1 million at March 31,June 30, 2018, reflecting net income of $2.7$5.2 million for the first threesix months of 2018, an increase of $41$82 thousand from stock based compensation, and an $8a $15 thousand increase due to the issuance of common stock under the DRIP. These increases were partially offset by cash dividends paid of $1.3$2.7 million, a decrease of $950 thousand$1.2 million in accumulated other comprehensive loss due to a decline in the fair market value of the Company's AFS securities, and stock repurchases of $3 thousand during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2018. The components of the other comprehensive loss are illustrated in Note 11 of the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

The Company has 7,500,000 shares of $2.00 par value common stock authorized. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company had 4,940,961 shares issued, of which 4,465,6574,465,803 were outstanding and 475,304475,158 were held in treasury.

In January 2018, the Company's Board reauthorized the limited stock repurchase plan that was initially established in May of 2010 and has been reauthorized annually since that time. The limited stock repurchase plan allows the repurchase of up to a fixed number of shares of the Company's common stock each calendar quarter (currently 2,500 shares) in open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, as management deems advisable and as market conditions may warrant. The repurchase authorization for a calendar quarter expires at the end of that quarter to the extent it has not been exercised, and is not carried forward into future quarters. The quarterly repurchase authorization expires on December 31, 2018, unless reauthorized. The Company repurchased 60 shares during the first threesix months of 2018 under this program at a total cost of $3 thousand.

The Company adopted a Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan whereby registered stockholders may elect to reinvest cash dividends and optional cash contributions to purchase additional shares of the Company's common stock. The Company has reserved 200,000 shares of its common stock for issuance and sale under the DRIP. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, 1,4601,164 shares of stock had been issued from treasury stock under the DRIP.

The Company (on a consolidated basis) and Union are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company's and Union's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and Union


must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items


as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Company's and Union's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.

Under the current guidelines, banking organizations must have a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 8.0%, a minimum Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 6.0%, a minimum common equity Tier I risk-based capital ratio of 4.5%, and a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0% in order to be "adequately capitalized." In addition to these requirements, banking organizations must maintain a 2.5% capital conservation buffer consisting of common Tier I equity, subject to a transition schedule with a full phase-in by 2019. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company and the Bank were required to establish a capital conservation buffer of 1.875%, increasing the minimum required total risk-based capital, Tier I risk-based and common equity Tier I capital to risk-weighted assets they must maintain to avoid limits on capital distributions and certain bonus payments to executive officers and similar employees.

In May 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act was signed into law. This act rolls back certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 providing relief to all but the largest banking organizations in the United States. A bank with less than $10 billion in assets may be exempt from current leverage and risk-based capital ratio requirements if it maintains a community bank leverage ratio ("CBLR") above a threshold to be set by regulators between eight and 10 percent. The bank will be deemed "well capitalized" if it meets the CBLR.
As of March 31,June 30, 2018, both the Company and Union met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are currently subject. There were no conditions or events between March 31,June 30, 2018 and the date of this report that management believes have changed either Company’s regulatory capital category.
ActualFor Capital Adequacy PurposesTo Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action ProvisionsActualFor Capital Adequacy PurposesTo Be Well Capitalized Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
As of March 31, 2018AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
As of June 30, 2018AmountRatioAmountRatioAmountRatio
(Dollars in thousands)(Dollars in thousands)
Company:            
Total capital to risk weighted assets$67,850
13.96%$38,883
8.00%N/A
N/A
$69,199
14.06%$39,374
8.00%N/A
N/A
Tier I capital to risk weighted assets62,445
12.85%29,157
6.00%N/A
N/A
63,646
12.93%29,534
6.00%N/A
N/A
Common Equity Tier 1 to risk weighted assets62,445
12.85%21,868
4.50%N/A
N/A
63,646
12.93%22,151
4.50%N/A
N/A
Tier I capital to average assets62,445
8.63%28,943
4.00%N/A
N/A
63,646
8.71%29,229
4.00%N/A
N/A
            
Union:            
Total capital to risk weighted assets$67,379
13.89%$38,807
8.00%$48,509
10.00%$68,817
14.01%$39,296
8.00%$49,120
10.00%
Tier I capital to risk weighted assets61,974
12.78%29,096
6.00%38,794
8.00%63,264
12.88%29,471
6.00%39,294
8.00%
Common Equity Tier 1 to risk weighted assets61,974
12.78%21,822
4.50%31,520
6.50%63,264
12.88%22,103
4.50%31,927
6.50%
Tier I capital to average assets61,974
8.56%28,960
4.00%36,200
5.00%63,264
8.64%29,289
4.00%36,611
5.00%
Dividends paid by Union are the primary source of funds available to the Company for payment of dividends to its stockholders. Union is subject to certain requirements imposed by federal banking laws and regulations, which among other things, establish minimum levels of capital and restrict the amount of dividends that may be distributed by Union to the Company.
Quarterly cash dividends of $0.30 per share were paid during the first quarterhalf of 2018 and declared for the secondthird quarter, payable on May 10,August 9, 2018 to stockholders of record on AprilJuly 30, 2018.The2018. The dividend rate of $0.30 per share represents an increase of $0.01 per share in the quarterly cash dividends paid in 2017 .

Regulatory Matters. The Company and Union are subject to periodic examinations by the various regulatory agencies. These examinations include, but are not limited to, procedures designed to review lending practices, risk management, credit quality, liquidity, compliance and capital adequacy. In May of 2017, the FDIC performed its regular, periodic safety and soundness examination of Union. In February of 2017, the FDIC performed its regular periodic compliance examination of Union. In September of 2017, the FRB performed its regular, periodic examination of the Company. During 2015, the Vermont Department of Financial Regulation performed a regular safety and soundness examination of Union. No comments were received that would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s or Union’s liquidity, financial position, capital resources, or results of operations.

OTHER FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Market Risk and Interest Rate Risk. Market risk is the potential of loss in a financial instrument arising from adverse changes in market prices, interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and equity prices. As of March 31,June 30, 2018, the


Company did not have any market risk sensitive instruments acquired for trading purposes. The Company’s market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk inherent in its lending, investing, deposit taking and borrowing activities. Management of interest rate risk is an important component of our asset and liability management process, which is governed by established policies that are reviewed and approved annually. Our investment policy details the types of securities that may be purchased, and establishes portfolio limits and maturity limits for the various sectors. Our investment policy also establishes specific investment quality


limits. The ALCO develops guidelines and strategies impacting our asset and liability management-related activities based upon estimated market risk sensitivity, policy limits and overall market interest rate levels and trends. Members of the ALCO also manage the investment portfolio to maximize net interest income while mitigating market and interest rate risk.
Interest rate risk arises naturally from imbalances in repricing, maturity and cash flow characteristics of our assets and liabilities. The ALCO takes into consideration the cash flow and repricing attributes of balance sheet and off-balance sheet items and their relation to possible changes in interest rates. The ALCO manages interest rate exposure primarily by using on-balance sheet strategies, generally accomplished through the management of the duration, rate sensitivity and average lives of our various investments, and by extending or shortening maturities of borrowed funds, as well as carefully managing and monitoring the maturities and pricing of loans and deposits.
An outside consultant is utilized to perform rate shocks to our balance sheet to assess our risk to earnings in different interest rate environments, and to perform a variety of other analyses. The consultant’s most recent completed analysis was as of March 31,June 30, 2018. The base simulation assumed no changes in rates, as well as 200 and 300 basis point rising interest rate scenarios which assume a parallel shift of the yield curve over a one-year period, and no growth assumptions. Management is not aware of any significant changes in the Company's risk profile since the analysis was performed as of March 31,June 30, 2018. A summary of the results is as follows:
Current/Flat Rates: If rates remain at current levels net interest income is projected to trend sideways for the entire simulation as declining asset yields are similarly offset by reductions to funding costs.
Rising Rates: Higher rates indicate positive results under all scenarios. Under the rising rate scenarios if rates rise in a parallel fashion, net interest income is expected to trend close to the base case scenario over the near term as higher funding costs match increasing asset yields. Once funding cost increases stabilize, net interest income is projected to increase for the duration of the simulation as assets reprice at higher rates and investment and loan cash flow continues to cycle into the elevated environment. The timing of recovery will depend on the slope and shape of the yield curve as rates rise.
The net interest income simulation as of March 31,June 30, 2018 showed that the change in net interest income for the next 12 months from our expected or “most likely” forecast was as follows:
 Rate ChangePercent Change in Net Interest Income LimitPercent Change in Net Interest Income 
 Up 300 basis points(21.00)%2.6%  
 Up 200 basis points(14.00)%2.1%  
 Rate ChangePercent Change in Net Interest Income LimitPercent Change in Net Interest Income 
 Up 300 basis points(21.00)%(2.8)%  
 Up 200 basis points(14.00)%(1.5)%  
The preceding sensitivity analysis does not represent our forecast and should not be relied upon as being indicative of expected operating results. These estimates are based upon numerous assumptions including, among others, the nature and timing of interest rate levels including yield curve shape, prepayments on loans and securities, deposit run-off rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits and reinvestment/replacement of asset and liability cash flows. While assumptions are developed based upon current economic and local market conditions, we cannot make any assurances as to the predictive nature of these assumptions including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change.
The model used to perform the base case balance sheet simulation assumes a parallel shift of the yield curve over twelve months and reprices every interest earning asset and interest bearing liability on our balance sheet, simultaneously. The use of pricing betas help simulate the expected pricing behavior regarding non-maturing deposits, limiting the rate increases that occur when market rates rise. A historic analysis of the bank's prepayment history was performed and the results were used as a basis for future prepayment expectations. Investment securities with call provisions are examined on an individual basis to estimate the likelihood of a call.
As market conditions vary from those assumed in the sensitivity analysis, actual results will likely differ due to: the varying impact of changes in the balances and mix of loans and deposits differing from those assumed, the impact of possible off balance sheet commitments, and other internal/external variables. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis does not reflect all actions that the ALCO might take in responding to or anticipating changes in interest rates.


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Information called for by this item is incorporated to Part I, Item 2, reference in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations under the caption OTHER FINANCIAL CONSIDERATIONS on page 3944 of this report


Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, with the assistance of the Disclosure Control Committee, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of March 31,June 30, 2018. Based on this evaluation they concluded that those disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files with the Commission is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required information.
Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting. There was no change in the Company's internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act, during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

PART II  OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
There are no known pending legal proceedings to which the Company or its subsidiary is a party, or to which any of their properties is subject, other than ordinary litigation arising in the normal course of business activities. Although the amount of any ultimate liability with respect to such proceedings cannot be determined, in the opinion of management, any such liability is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition or results of operations of the Company and its subsidiary.

Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in the risk factors discussed in Part I-Item 1A, "Risk Factors" in our 2017 Annual Report since the date of the filing of that report.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
During the quarter ended March 31,June 30, 2018, the Company did not issue any unregistered equity securities.
The following table summarizes repurchasesThere was no repurchase of the Company's equity securities during the quarter ended March 31, 2018:June 30, 2018.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
PeriodTotal Number of Shares PurchasedAverage Price Paid per ShareTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Program (1)
January 201860
$48.8260
2,440
February 2018


2,440
March 2018



__________________
(1)All repurchases shown in the table were made pursuant to a discretionary stock repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to 2,500 shares of its common stock each calendar quarter, in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The repurchase authorization for a calendar quarter expires at the end of that quarter to the extent it has not been exercised, and is not carried forward into future quarters. The program was initially authorized in 2010 and was reauthorized most recently in January 2018. The program will expire on December 31, 2018, unless reauthorized.


Item 6. Exhibits.
31.1Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
32.2Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
101The following materials from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,June 30, 2018 formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the unaudited consolidated balance sheets, (ii) the unaudited consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, (iii) the unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, (iv) the unaudited consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity, (iv) the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows and (v) related notes.
____________________
*This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.


                    
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
  Union Bankshares, Inc.
   
May 10,August 9, 2018 /s/ David S. Silverman
  David S. Silverman
  Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
   
   
May 10,August 9, 2018 /s/ Karyn J. Hale
  Karyn J. Hale
  Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial Officer)

EXHIBIT INDEX
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
  
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
  
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*
  
101
The following materials from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,June 30, 2018 formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the unaudited consolidated balance sheets, (ii) the unaudited consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, (iii) the unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2018 and 2017, (iv) the unaudited consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' equity, (iv) the unaudited consolidated statements of cash flows and (v) related notes.
____________________
*This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Union Bankshares, Inc. Page 4247