UNITED STATES
SECURITIES and EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017

or

o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 001-12537

QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

California
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

18111 Von Karman Avenue, Suite 800, Irvine, California
(Address of principal executive offices)
95-2888568
(IRS Employer Identification No.)

92612
(Zip Code)
 
(949) 255-2600
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes þ    No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes þ    No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” andfiler,” “smaller reporting company”company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer þ
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Small reporting company o
Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes o    No þ

The number of outstanding shares of the Registrant’s common stock as of October 25, 2016July 28, 2017 was 62,094,48863,367,937 shares.


     


QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBERJUNE 30, 20162017

 
Item    
Page
   
 PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
Item 1. 
 
 
 
 
Item 3.
Item 4.
 PART II. OTHER INFORMATION 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.
 





PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.    FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
September 30, 2016 March 31, 2016June 30, 2017 March 31, 2017
ASSETS      
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$26,246
 $27,176
$23,337
 $37,673
Restricted cash and cash equivalents4,458
 5,320
5,915
 4,916
Marketable securities
 9,297
Accounts receivable, net78,406
 94,024
81,605
 83,407
Inventory353
 555
100
 158
Income taxes receivable15,276
 32,709
2,303
 2,679
Prepaid expenses and other current assets18,519
 14,910
18,283
 17,969
Total current assets143,258
 183,991
131,543
 146,802
Equipment and improvements, net25,985
 25,790
27,832
 27,426
Capitalized software costs, net13,750
 13,250
17,948
 13,607
Deferred income taxes, net8,018
 8,198
12,266
 11,265
Intangibles, net80,297
��91,675
79,165
 69,213
Goodwill188,555
 188,837
202,272
 185,898
Other assets19,025
 19,049
18,883
 19,010
Total assets$478,888
 $530,790
$489,909
 $473,221
      
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY      
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$5,438
 $11,126
$5,007
 $4,618
Deferred revenue52,295
 57,935
51,471
 52,383
Accrued compensation and related benefits15,192
 18,670
14,388
 24,513
Income taxes payable185
 91
2,265
 405
Other current liabilities50,734
 50,238
32,618
 46,775
Total current liabilities123,844
 138,060
105,749
 128,694
Deferred revenue, net of current1,403
 1,335
1,438
 1,394
Deferred compensation6,794
 6,357
6,386
 6,629
Line of credit48,000
 105,000
45,000
 15,000
Other noncurrent liabilities13,376
 10,661
17,148
 16,461
Total liabilities193,417
 261,413
175,721
 168,178
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

 



 

Shareholders' equity:      
Common stock      
$0.01 par value; authorized 100,000 shares; issued and outstanding 62,094 and 60,978 shares at September 30, 2016 and March 31, 2016, respectively621
 610
$0.01 par value; authorized 100,000 shares; issued and outstanding 63,370 and 62,455 shares at June 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively634
 625
Additional paid-in capital224,089
 211,262
233,742
 228,549
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(565) (481)(372) (358)
Retained earnings61,326
 57,986
Retained earnings (1)
80,184
 76,227
Total shareholders' equity285,471
 269,377
314,188
 305,043
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$478,888
 $530,790
$489,909
 $473,221

(1) Includes cumulative-effect adjustment related to the adoption of ASU 2016-09, as defined in Note 1. See Note 1 for additional details.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Revenues:          
Software license and hardware$17,182
 $19,687
 $31,971
 $35,876
$12,800
 $14,789
Software related subscription services21,490
 12,437
 41,365
 24,683
23,906
 19,875
Total software, hardware and related38,672
 32,124
 73,336
 60,559
36,706
 34,664
Support and maintenance38,974
 42,176
 76,981
 85,889
41,116
 38,007
Revenue cycle management and related services20,936
 20,793
 41,989
 41,036
21,403
 21,053
Electronic data interchange and data services21,613
 20,581
 43,737
 40,770
23,312
 22,124
Professional services6,971
 9,695
 13,328
 19,279
8,385
 6,357
Total revenues127,166
 125,369
 249,371
 247,533
130,922
 122,205
Cost of revenue:          
Software license and hardware6,427
 6,578
 13,547
 13,619
5,373
 7,120
Software related subscription services8,675
 5,963
 17,762
 11,921
10,430
 9,087
Total software, hardware and related15,102
 12,541
 31,309
 25,540
15,803
 16,207
Support and maintenance7,036
 8,394
 13,604
 16,337
7,623
 6,568
Revenue cycle management and related services14,359
 14,680
 28,590
 29,192
15,361
 14,231
Electronic data interchange and data services12,807
 12,539
 25,570
 24,865
13,158
 12,763
Professional services6,693
 8,444
 13,739
 16,641
7,224
 7,046
Total cost of revenue55,997
 56,598
 112,812
 112,575
59,169
 56,815
Gross profit71,169
 68,771
 136,559
 134,958
71,753
 65,390
Operating expenses:          
Selling, general and administrative42,790
 37,396
 83,371
 76,567
42,977
 40,581
Research and development costs, net18,292
 17,981
 36,516
 35,066
19,989
 18,224
Amortization of acquired intangible assets2,617
 898
 5,321
 1,795
2,047
 2,704
Restructuring costs701
 
 4,454
 

 3,753
Total operating expenses64,400
 56,275
 129,662
 113,428
65,013
 65,262
Income from operations6,769
 12,496
 6,897
 21,530
6,740
 128
Interest income1
 44
 9
 346
9
 8
Interest expense(803) (3) (1,816) (3)(677) (1,013)
Other expense, net(55) (54) (142) (104)(22) (87)
Income before provision for income taxes5,912
 12,483
 4,948
 21,769
Provision for income taxes1,925
 4,168
 1,608
 7,092
Net income$3,987
 $8,315
 $3,340
 $14,677
Other comprehensive income:       
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit of) income taxes6,050
 (964)
Provision for (benefit of) income taxes2,154
 (317)
Net income (loss)$3,896
 $(647)
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Foreign currency translation, net of tax29
 (212) (93) (284)(14) (122)
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax
 (1) 10
 (5)
Comprehensive income$4,016
 $8,102
 $3,257
 $14,388
Net income per share:       
Unrealized gain on marketable securities, net of tax
 10
Comprehensive income (loss)$3,882
 $(759)
Net income (loss) per share:   
Basic$0.06
 $0.14
 $0.05
 $0.24
$0.06
 $(0.01)
Diluted$0.06
 $0.14
 $0.05
 $0.24
$0.06
 $(0.01)
Weighted-average shares outstanding:          
Basic61,658
 60,461
 61,420
 60,387
62,636
 61,179
Diluted62,052
 61,194
 61,704
 61,129
62,643
 61,179
Dividends declared per common share$
 $0.175
 $
 $0.35
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 20152017 2016
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$3,340
 $14,677
Net income (loss)$3,896
 $(647)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation5,106
 4,449
2,774
 2,554
Amortization of capitalized software costs4,819
 4,929
1,271
 2,371
Amortization of other intangibles11,378
 3,601
5,448
 5,732
Amortization of debt issuance costs538
 
269
 269
Loss on disposal of equipment and improvements175
 81
16
 40
Provision for bad debts1,969
 963
2,091
 762
Provision for inventory obsolescence224
 92
20
 130
Share-based compensation3,177
 1,585
2,041
 1,259
Deferred income taxes180
 468

 40
Excess tax deficiency from share-based compensation420
 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration5,830
 822

 2,574
Restructuring costs701
 

 1,308
Changes in assets and liabilities:   
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of amounts acquired:   
Accounts receivable13,649
 8,313
1,546
 11,467
Inventory(22) (119)38
 (5)
Accounts payable(5,834) 699
(841) (7,029)
Deferred revenue(5,572) (8,846)(1,102) (3,433)
Accrued compensation and related benefits(4,179) (7,730)(10,245) (5,721)
Income taxes17,213
 (12,449)2,157
 (423)
Deferred compensation437
 575
(243) 260
Other assets and liabilities3,256
 1,776
3,238
 1,425
Net cash provided by operating activities56,385
 13,886
12,794
 12,933
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Additions to capitalized software costs(5,319) (6,687)(5,248) (2,948)
Additions to equipment and improvements(4,989) (6,012)(2,471) (3,462)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities9,291
 3,810

 9,291
Purchases of marketable securities
 (4,419)
Net cash used in investing activities(1,017) (13,308)
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired(33,856) 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(41,575) 2,881
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from line of credit30,000
 
Principal repayments on line of credit(57,000) 

 (17,000)
Proceeds from issuance of shares under employee plans702
 479
3,970
 359
Dividends paid
 (21,403)
Net cash used in financing activities(56,298) (20,924)
Net increase decrease in cash and cash equivalents(930) (20,346)
Payment of contingent consideration related to acquisitions(18,817) 
Cancellation of shares related to tax withholdings for vesting of equity awards(708) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities14,445
 (16,641)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(14,336) (827)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period27,176
 118,993
37,673
 27,176
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$26,246
 $98,647
$23,337
 $26,349


QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS – (Continued)
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 20152017 2016
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:      
Cash paid for income taxes$3,977
 $20,748
$157
 $146
Cash refunds from income taxes$19,762
 $1,930
579
 81
Cash paid for interest$1,443
 $
411
 736
Common stock issued for Mirth share-based contingent consideration$9,273
 $9,273
Non-cash investing and financing activities:      
Tenant improvement allowance from landlord$3,094
 $
$980
 $3,094
Dividends declared but not paid$
 $10,722
Unpaid additions to equipment and improvements$488
 $248
591
 25

On April 14, 2017, we acquired Entrada, Inc. in a transaction summarized as follows:   
Fair value of net assets acquired$35,293
 $
Cash paid, net of cash acquired(33,856) 
Liabilities assumed$1,437
 $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.


QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(In thousands, except shares and per share data)
(Unaudited)
1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Principles of Consolidation. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Quality Systems, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”). Each of the terms “we,” “us,” or “our” as used herein refers collectively to the Company, unless otherwise stated. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.
Business Segments. We have determined that the Company operates in one segment as of June 30, 2017. We have made such determination by first identifying our Chief Executive Officer as our chief operating decision maker ("CODM") and considering the measures used by our CODM to allocate resources. Our CODM utilizes consolidated revenue and consolidated operating results to assess performance and make decisions about allocation of resources.
Previously, through the end of fiscal year 2017, we operated under two reportable segments, consisting of the Software and Related Solutions segment and the RCM and Related Services segment, which was consistent with the disaggregated financial information used and evaluated by our CODM to assess performance and make decisions about the allocation of resources. However, as part of our reorganization efforts that were substantially complete as of the end of fiscal year 2017, our internal organizational structure whereby certain functions that formerly existed within each individual operating segment has continued to evolve. Our former Chief Operating Officer was previously responsible for leading the operations of our former RCM and Related Services business while our former Chief Client Officer led our client success organization, consisting of the Software and Related Solutions business and other functions, such as sales and marketing. Upon the resignation of our former Chief Operating Officer in April 2017 and concurrent appointment of our former Chief Client Officer as Chief Operating Officer, our entire portfolio of software and services were aligned under our new Chief Operating Officer in an effort to provide our clients with an even more simplified experience and more effectively deliver a consolidated financial solution to our clients, rather than components of a solution. As a result of such changes in our internal organization structure, the CODM now operates the Company as a single functional organization. The CODM measures company-wide performance by reviewing consolidated revenue and operating results and evaluates the impact of allocating resources to overall profit and margins on a consolidated basis.
Basis of Presentation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20152017 have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of the Securities and Exchange Commission Regulation S-X and therefore do not include all information and notes which would be presented were such consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016.2017. In the opinion of management, the accompanying consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments which are necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. The results of operations for such interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results of operations to be expected for the full year.
References to amounts in the consolidated financial statement sections are in thousands, except shares and per share data, unless otherwise specified.
Significant Accounting Policies. Effective July 1, 2016, we revised our reportable operating segments (see Note 14). There have been no other material changes to theour significant accounting policies from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016.2017.
Share-Based Compensation. The following table shows total share-based compensation expense included in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 2015:2016:
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Costs and expenses:          
Cost of revenue$166
 $102
 $315
 $199
$137
 $149
Research and development costs, net334
 103
 417
 213
361
 83
Selling, general and administrative1,418
 696
 2,445
 1,173
1,543
 1,027
Total share-based compensation1,918
 901
 3,177
 1,585
2,041
 1,259
Income tax benefit(695) (276) (1,107) (476)(716) (412)
Decrease in net income$1,223
 $625
 $2,070
 $1,109
$1,325
 $847



Recent Accounting Standards. Recent accounting pronouncements requiring implementation in future periods are discussed below or in the notes, where applicable.
In AugustMay 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2017-09, Compensation–Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting ("ASU 2017-09"). ASU 2017-09 clarifies the changes to terms or conditions of a share-based payment award that require an entity to apply modification accounting. ASU 2017-09 is effective for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early application is permitted and prospective application is required. ASU 2017-09 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and we currently do not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles–Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”). ASU 2017-04 removes the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with its carrying amount as part of Step two of the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. ASU 2017-04 is effective prospectively for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted on goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-04 is effective for us in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, and we currently do not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business (“ASU 2017-01”). ASU 2017-01 clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. ASU 2017-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted in two scenarios as identified in the new standard. ASU 2017-01 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and we currently do not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In November 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (“ASU 2016-18”).ASU 2016-18 provides guidance on the classification of restricted cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. Although it does not provide a definition of restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents, it states that amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-18 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. ASU 2016-18 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and we do not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory ("ASU 2016-16"). ASU 2016-16 requires the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for intra-entity asset transfers when the transaction occurs. ASU 2016-16 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2016-16 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and we are currently in the process of evaluating the potential impact of adoption of this updated authoritative guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 is intended to add and clarify guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows to eliminate diversity in practice related to how such cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-15 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. ASU 2016-15 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. We2019, and we do not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU")ASU 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting ("ASU 2016-09"). ASU 2016-09 simplifies the accounting for and reporting on share-based payment transactions, including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update are to be applied differently upon adoption with certain amendments being applied prospectively, retrospectively and under a modified retrospective transition method. We adopted ASU 2016-09 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. We doAs permitted by ASU 2016-09, we have made an accounting policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur, which was adopted on a modified retrospective basis and resulted in a cumulative-effect adjustment of $0.1 million to retained earnings and additional paid-in capital as of April 1, 2017. ASU 2016-09 also eliminates additional paid-in capital pools and requires excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recorded in the income statement when the awards vest or are settled, which was adopted on a prospective basis. The requirements to recognize previously unrecognized excess tax benefits on a modified retrospective basis did not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a materialan impact on our consolidated financial statements. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-09, excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies are recognized in the income statement, and the tax effects of exercised or vested awards are treated as discrete items in the period they occur. The provisions of ASU 2016-09 could have an impact to our future income tax expense, including increased volatility in our effective tax rate on a quarter by quarter basis due to a number of factors, including fluctuations in the stock price and the timing of stock option exercises and vesting of restricted share


awards. Additionally, ASU 2016-09 addresses presentation of excess tax benefits and deficiencies and employee taxes paid related to shares withheld for tax withholdings purposes on the statement of cash flows, including a requirement to present excess tax benefits and deficiencies as an operating activity in the same manner as other cash flows related to income taxes on the statement of cash flows, which will be adopted on a prospective basis, and presentation of employee taxes paid related to shares withheld for tax withholdings purposes as a financing activity, which is consistent with our current presentation and thus did not impact our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”), which is intended to improve financial reporting about leasing transactions. The new guidance will require lessees to recognize on their balance sheets the assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases and to disclose key information about the leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2016-02 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2020. We are currently in the process of evaluating the potential impact of adoption of this updated authoritative guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory ("ASU 2015-11"), which replaces the concept of subsequently measuring inventory at 'lower of cost or market' with that of 'lower of cost and net realizable value'. The guidance only applies to inventories for which cost is determined by methods other than last-in first-out (LIFO) and the retail inventory method (RIM). ASU 2015-11 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2015-11 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. We do not expect the adoption of this new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-05, Customer’s Accounting for Fees Paid in a Cloud Arrangement ("ASU 2015-05"), which requires a customer to determine whether a cloud computing arrangement contains a software license that should be accounted for as internal-use software or as a service contract. ASU 2015-05 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. Upon adoption, an entity has the option to apply the provisions of ASU 2015-05 either prospectively to all arrangements entered into or materially modified, or retrospectively. The adoption of this new standard did not have material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern ("ASU 2014-15"), which incorporates and expands upon certain principles that currently exist in U.S. auditing standards. ASU 2014-15 provides guidance regarding management's responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organization's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The new standard requires management to perform interim and annual evaluations and sets forth principles for considering the mitigating effect of management's plans. The standard mandates certain disclosures when conditions give rise to substantial doubt about a company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year from the financial statement issuance date. ASU 2014-15 is effective for us commencing fiscal year ending March 31, 2017. The adoption of this new standard has not had, and is not expected to have, an impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB, along with the International Accounting Standards Board, issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09"), which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605, Revenue Recognition.  ASU 2014-09 provides enhancements to the quality and consistency of how revenue is reported while also improving comparability in the financial statements of companies reporting using International Financial Reporting Standards and GAAP.  The core principle of this updated guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new standard also requires additional disclosure about revenue and provides improved guidance for multiple element arrangements. In July 2015 decision, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Deferral of Effective Date ("ASU 2015-14") to delay the effective date by one year. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) –Principal versus Agent Consideration ("ASU 2016-08"). In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) - Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing ("ASU 2016-10”). In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-11, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) – Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of ASU 2014-09 and 2014-16 ("ASU 2016-11") and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) –Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients ("ASU 2016-12"). The new ASUs do not change the core principle of the guidance in Topic 606 (as amended by ASU 2014-09), but rather help to provide further interpretive clarifications on the new guidance in ASU 2014-09. ASU 2014-09, as amended by ASU 2015-14, is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Companies are permitted to adopt this new guidance following either a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach. 
We have established a cross-functional team to assessperformed an initial assessment of the potential impact of the new revenue standard. Our assessment process consists of reviewing our current accounting policies and practices to identify potential differences that would result from applying the requirements of the new standard to our revenue contracts and identifying appropriate changesimpacts to our business processes, systems, and internal controls to support revenue recognition and disclosure requirements under the new standard. Our assessment is expected to be completed during fiscal 2017. Additionally, we are currently evaluating the potential impact that could result from the implementation of thisthe new revenue standard will havestandard. Based on our initial assessment, we currently believe that the impact on our consolidated financial statements as well as selectioncould be material. We expect that revenue related to hardware, EDI, maintenance, and certain subscriptions would remain substantially unchanged, and we are the process of evaluating the impact of the methodnew revenue standard on our other revenue streams. A significant amount of adoption.work remains as we continue to evaluate all potential impacts of the new revenue standard, and develop and implement the necessary changes to our current accounting systems, processes, and internal controls. Accordingly, our preliminary assessments are subject to change. We expect that the new revenue standard will result in additional complexity to our revenue recognition, including an increased amount of significant judgments and estimates as compared to our current revenue recognition. We currently do not expect to implement the new revenue standard when it becomes effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 utilizing the modified retrospective transition method. Under this transition method, prior period amounts will not be adjusted and the cumulative effect from prior periods of applying the new revenue standard priorwill be recognized in our consolidated balance sheets as of the date of adoption, including an adjustment to the required effective date.retained earnings.
We do not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective accounting standards, if adopted, would have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.



2. Fair Value Measurements

The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and March 31, 2016:2017:
Balance at Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)Balance at Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
September 30,
2016
 June 30,
2017
 
ASSETS              
Cash and cash equivalents (1)
$26,246
 $26,246
 $
 $
$23,337
 $23,337
 $
 $
Restricted cash and cash equivalents4,458
 4,458
 
 
5,915
 5,915
 
 
$30,704
 $30,704
 $
 $
$29,252
 $29,252
 $
 $
LIABILITIES       
Contingent consideration related to acquisitions$20,400
 $
 $
 $20,400
$20,400
 $
 $
 $20,400


Balance at Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)Balance at Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
March 31,
2016
 March 31,
2017
 
ASSETS              
Cash and cash equivalents (1)
$27,176
 $27,176
 $
 $
$37,673
 $37,673
 $
 $
Restricted cash and cash equivalents5,320
 5,320
 
 
4,916
 4,916
 
 
Marketable securities (2)
9,297
 9,297
 
 
$41,793
 $41,793
 $
 $
$42,589
 $42,589
 $
 $
LIABILITIES              
Contingent consideration related to acquisitions$23,843
 $
 $
 $23,843
Contingent consideration related to acquisitions (2)
$18,817
 $
 $18,817
 $
$23,843
 $
 $
 $23,843
$18,817
 $
 $18,817
 $

(1) Cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds.
(2)Marketable securities consist of available-for-sale money market instruments and fixed-income securities, including certificates of deposit, corporate bonds and notes, and municipal securities.
The contingent consideration liability as of September 30, 2016March 31, 2017 relates to the acquisition of HealthFusion, (see Note 3). We assesswhich was settled during the fair value of our contingent consideration liability on a recurring basis and any adjustments to fair value subsequent to thequarter ended June 30, 2017. The measurement period are reflected in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Key assumptions include discount rates and probability-adjusted achievement estimates of certain revenue targets that are not observable in the market. The categorization of the framework used to measure fair value of the contingent consideration liability is consideredended on December 31, 2016, and thus the actual revenue achievement rate was utilized to compute the ending contingent consideration liability as of March 31, 2017. Accordingly, the contingent consideration liability was reflected under a Level 3 due to2 valuation hierarchy because the subjective naturefair value was determined based on other significant observable inputs.
We believe that the fair value of the unobservable inputs used.
The following table presents activity in ourother financial assets and liabilities, measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), asincluding accounts receivable, accounts payable, and line of and for the six months ended September 30, 2016:
  Total Liabilities
Balance at April 1, 2016 $23,843
Settlement of contingent consideration related to Mirth (9,273)
Fair value adjustments 5,830
Balance at September 30, 2016 $20,400

During the six months ended September 30, 2016, we issued shares of common stockcredit, approximate their respective carrying values due to settle $9,273 in contingent consideration liabilities related to the acquisition Mirth. We also recorded $5,830, of which $5,400 was related to HealthFusion and $430 was related to Mirth, of fair value adjustments to contingent consideration liabilities, which are included as a component of selling, general and administrative expense.


their nominal credit risk.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements
We have certain assets, including goodwill and other intangible assets, which are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and are adjusted to fair value only if an impairment charge is recognized. The categorization of the framework used to measure fair value of the assets is considered to be within the Level 3 valuation hierarchy due to the subjective nature of the unobservable inputs used. During the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, we recorded a $282 adjustment to HealthFusion goodwill related to a final working capital adjustment calculated pursuant to the HealthFusion merger agreement. There2017, no adjustments were no other adjustments to fair value of such assets.recorded.

3. Business Combinations
HealthFusionEntrada Acquisition
On January 4, 2016,April 14, 2017, we completed our acquisition of HealthFusion Holdings,Entrada, Inc. ("HealthFusion"Entrada") pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated April 11, 2017 (the “Merger Agreement""Agreement"), dated October 30, 2015. HealthFusion provides Web-based, cloud computing software for physicians, medical billing service providers, and hospitals. Its flagship product, MediTouch®,. Based in Nashville, TN, Entrada is a fully-integrated,leading provider of cloud-based software suite consistingsolutions that are reshaping the way care is delivered by leveraging the power of clearinghouse, practice management,mobile whenever and wherever care happens. Entrada’s best-in-class mobile application integrates with multiple clinical platforms and all major electronic health records,record systems. Entrada enables organizations to maximize their existing technology investments while simultaneously enhancing physician and patient portals with rich functionality to enable mobility, workflow automation, and advanced reporting and analytics aimed primarily at small-to-mid-size physician practices.staff productivity. The acquisition of HealthFusionEntrada and its cloud-based, mobile application is part of our strategycommitment to expanddeliver systematic solutions that meet its client baseclients' transforming work requirements to become increasingly nimble and cloud-based solution capabilities in the ambulatory market. Over time, we plan to expand the HealthFusion platform to satisfy the needs of practices of increasing size and complexity.mobile. 
The preliminary purchase price totals $182,767,totaled $33,958, which includesincluded preliminary working capital and other customary adjustments and the fair value of contingent consideration related to an additional $25,000 of cash in the form of an earnout, subject to HealthFusion achieving certain revenue targets through December 31, 2016. The initial estimated fair value of contingent consideration of $16,700 was based on a Monte Carlo-based valuation model that considered, among other assumptions and inputs, our estimate of projected HealthFusion revenues. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2016, we recorded fair value adjustments to the contingent consideration of $3,000 and $5,400, respectively, which are included as a component of selling, general and administrative expense.
adjustments. The acquisition was initiallyprimarily funded by a draw against theour revolving credit agreement (see Note 7), a portion of which was subsequently repaid from existing cash on hand..
We accounted for the HealthFusionEntrada acquisition as a purchase business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. The preliminary purchase price was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their preliminary estimated fair values as of the acquisition date. The preliminary fair values of acquired assets and liabilities assumed represent management’s estimate of fair value and are subject to change if additional information, such as changes to deferred taxes and/or working capital, becomes available. We expect to finalize the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable within the measurement period, but not later than one year following the acquisition date.

The preliminary estimated fair value of the acquired tangible and intangible assets and liabilities assumed were determined using multiple valuation approaches depending on the type of tangible or intangible asset acquired, including but not limited to the income approach, the excess earnings method and the relief from royalty method approach.
In connection with the Entrada acquisition, we recorded $15,400 of intangible assets related to customer relationships, trade names and software technology. We are amortizing the Entrada customer relationships over 10 years and trade names and software technology over 5 years. The weighted average amortization period for the total amount of intangible assets acquired is 6.1 years.

The preliminary amount of goodwill represents the excess of the preliminary purchase price over the preliminary net identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill primarily represents, among other factors, the value of synergies expected to be


realized and the assemblage of all assets that enable us to create new client relationships, neither of which qualify as separate amortizable intangible assets. Goodwill arising from the acquisition of HealthFusion was determined as the excess of the preliminary purchase price over the net acquisition date fair values of the acquired assets and the liabilities assumed, andEntrada is not deductible for tax purposes. HealthFusion operates under our Software and Related Solutions segment.
The total preliminary purchase price for the HealthFusionEntrada acquisition is summarized as follows:
Initial purchase price$165,000
$34,000
Contingent consideration16,700
Preliminary working capital and other adjustments1,067
(42)
Total preliminary purchase price$182,767
$33,958
January 4, 2016April 14, 2017
Preliminary fair value of the net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed:  
Acquired cash and cash equivalents$2,225
$102
Accounts receivable, net1,514
1,835
Prepaid expenses and other current assets4,645
Prepaid expense and other current assets145
Equipment and improvements, net767
134
Capitalized software costs, net307
364
Other assets700
Deferred income taxes, net1,041
Accounts payable(1,085)(639)
Accrued compensation and related benefits(533)(120)
Deferred revenue(1,067)
Deferred income taxes, net(12,027)
Deferred revenues(234)
Other liabilities(2,721)(444)
Total preliminary net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed(7,275)2,184
Preliminary fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired:  
Goodwill16,374
Software technology42,500
10,500
Customer relationships28,500
3,300
Trade name4,000
1,600
Goodwill115,042
Total preliminary identifiable intangible assets acquired190,042
31,774
Total preliminary purchase price$182,767
$33,958

The pro forma effects of the Entrada acquisition would not have been material to the Company's results of operations and are therefore not presented.
4. Goodwill
We test goodwill for impairment annually during our first fiscal quarter, referred to as the annual test date.  Based on our assessment, we have determined that there was no impairment to goodwill as of June 30, 2017. We will also test for impairment between annual test dates if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. We have
As part of our annual goodwill impairment test, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not identified any events or circumstancesthat the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The qualitative assessment includes consideration of factors such as margin of fair values of the reporting units as of September 30, 2016the most recent quantitative impairment assessment compared to the relative carrying value of net assets for each reporting unit and the potential adverse changes in fair value since the most recent quantitative impairment assessment by considering changes in macroeconomic variables, changes in the industry in which we operate, and relevant company- and reporting unit-specific factors. If we conclude that would require an interimit is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we conduct a two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the fair values of the applicable reporting units with their carrying values. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, we perform the second step of the goodwill impairment test. The second step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the implied fair value of the affected reporting unit's goodwill with the carrying value of that goodwill. The amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, if any, is recognized as an impairment loss. As of June 30, 2017, our qualitative assessment indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of all reporting units with goodwill exceeded its respective net carrying values and, therefore, additional impairment testing was not deemed necessary.
We do not amortize goodwill as it has been determined to have an indefinite useful life.
We have also determined that the change in reportable operating segments as a result of our ongoing reorganization efforts (see Note 14) did not have a significant impact on the The carrying amount of goodwill that is allocated to each reporting unitwas $202,272 and each reportable operating segment. Goodwill by reportable operating segment consists$185,898 as of the following:
 September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
Software and Related Solutions$156,265
 $156,547
RCM and Related Services32,290
 32,290
Total goodwill$188,555
 $188,837
June 30, 2017 and March 31, 2017, respectively.



5. Intangible Assets
Our definite-lived intangible assets, other than capitalized software development costs, are summarized as follows:
September 30, 2016June 30, 2017
Customer Relationships Trade Name and Contracts Software Technology TotalCustomer Relationships Trade Name and Contracts Software Technology Total
Gross carrying amount$50,550
 $7,368
 $67,810
 $125,728
$53,850
 $7,080
 $78,310
 $139,240
Accumulated amortization(24,393) (3,441) (17,597) (45,431)(30,685) (2,422) (26,968) (60,075)
Net intangible assets$26,157
 $3,927
 $50,213
 $80,297
$23,165
 $4,658
 $51,342
 $79,165
March 31, 2016March 31, 2017
Customer Relationships Trade Name and Contracts Software Technology TotalCustomer Relationships Trade Name and Contracts Software Technology Total
Gross carrying amount$50,550
 $7,368
 $67,810
 $125,728
$50,550
 $5,480
 $67,810
 $123,840
Accumulated amortization(19,618) (2,895) (11,540) (34,053)(28,972) (2,088) (23,567) (54,627)
Net intangible assets$30,932
 $4,473
 $56,270
 $91,675
$21,578
 $3,392
 $44,243
 $69,213
Amortization expense related to customer relationships and trade name and contracts recorded as operating expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income was $2,617$2,047 and $897$2,704 for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Amortization expense related to software technology recorded as cost of revenue was $3,030$3,401 and $904$3,027 for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 2015, respectively.
Amortization expense related to customer relationships and trade name and contracts recorded as operating expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income was $5,321 and $1,794 for the six months ended September 30, 2016, and 2015, respectively. Amortization expense related to software technology recorded as cost of revenue was $6,057 and $1,807 for the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The following table representssummarizes the remaining estimated amortization of definite-lived intangible assets as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016:2017:
Amortization Expense Recorded As:Amortization Expense Recorded As:
Operating Expense Cost of Revenue TotalOperating Expense Cost of Revenue Total
For the year ended March 31,          
2017 (remaining six months)5,114
 5,969
 11,083
20187,264
 11,851
 19,115
2018 (remaining nine months)5,839
 10,464
 16,303
20194,852
 11,851
 16,703
5,502
 13,951
 19,453
20203,855
 11,851
 15,706
4,505
 13,951
 18,456
20213,006
 7,968
 10,974
3,656
 10,068
 13,724
2022 and beyond5,993
 723
 6,716
20222,518
 2,280
 4,798
2023 and beyond5,803
 628
 6,431
Total$30,084
 $50,213
 $80,297
$27,823
 $51,342
 $79,165

6. Capitalized Software Costs
Our capitalized software costs are summarized as follows:
September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
June 30,
2017
 March 31,
2017
Gross carrying amount$102,018
 $96,699
$110,560
 $104,948
Accumulated amortization(88,268) (83,449)(92,612) (91,341)
Net capitalized software costs$13,750
 $13,250
$17,948
 $13,607
Amortization expense related to capitalized software costs was $2,448$1,271 and $2,490$2,371 for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 2015, respectively. Amortization expense related to capitalized software costs was $4,819 and $4,929 foris recorded as cost of revenue in the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.consolidated statements of comprehensive income.


The following table presents the remaining estimated amortization of capitalized software costs as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017. The estimated amortization is comprised of (i) amortization of released products and (ii) the expected amortization for products that are not yet available for sale based on their estimated economic lives and projected general release dates.
For the year ended March 31,  
2017 (remaining six months)$3,300
20184,700
2018 (remaining nine months)$5,800
20193,800
7,200
20201,950
3,300
20211,648
Total$13,750
$17,948



7. Line of Credit
On January 4, 2016, we entered into a $250,000 revolving credit agreement (“Credit Agreement”) with JP Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, U.S. Bank National Association, as syndication agent, and certain other lenders. The credit agreementCredit Agreement is secured by substantially all of our existing and future property and material domestic subsidiaries. The Credit Agreement provides a subfacility of up to $10,000 for letters of credit and a subfacility of up to $10,000 for swing-line loans. The Credit Agreement matures on January 4, 2021 and the full balance of the revolving loans and all other obligations under the agreement must be paid at that time. The revolving loans under the Credit Agreement will be available for letters of credit, working capital and general corporate purposes. We were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Agreement as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we had $48,000$45,000 in outstanding loans and $202,000$205,000 of unused credit under the Credit Agreement. As of March 31, 2017, we had $15,000 in outstanding loans under the Credit Agreement.
DuringInterest expense related to the Credit Agreement was $407 and $740 for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, we recorded $532 of interest expense and $269 in amortizationrespectively. Amortization of deferred debt issuance costs related towas $269 for both the Credit Agreement. During the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, we recorded $1,272 of interest expense2017 and $538 in amortization of deferred debt issuance costs related to the Credit Agreement.2016.

8. Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions

Accounts receivable may include amounts invoiced for undelivered products and services at each period end. Undelivered products and services are included as a component of the deferred revenue balance on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
June 30,
2017
 March 31,
2017
Accounts receivable, gross$91,257
 $104,467
$90,366
 $93,377
Sales return reserve(9,530) (7,541)(6,694) (7,213)
Allowance for doubtful accounts(3,321) (2,902)(2,067) (2,757)
Accounts receivable, net$78,406
 $94,024
$81,605
 $83,407

Inventory is comprised of computer systems and components.

Prepaid expenses and other current assets are summarized as follows:
September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
June 30,
2017
 March 31,
2017
Prepaid expenses$13,558
 $11,804
$15,694
 $14,884
Other current assets4,961
 3,106
2,589
 3,085
Prepaid expenses and other current assets$18,519
 $14,910
$18,283
 $17,969



Equipment and improvements are summarized as follows:
September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
June 30,
2017
 March 31,
2017
Computer equipment$26,059
 $32,213
$22,848
 $22,014
Internal-use software10,616
 10,201
12,168
 13,053
Furniture and fixtures10,904
 9,799
11,762
 10,472
Leasehold improvements14,820
 13,408
17,078
 16,360
62,399
 65,621
Equipment and improvements, gross63,856
 61,899
Accumulated depreciation and amortization(36,414) (39,831)(36,024) (34,473)
Equipment and improvements, net$25,985
 $25,790
$27,832
 $27,426

The current portion of deferred revenuerevenues are summarized as follows:
September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
June 30,
2017
 March 31,
2017
Professional services$22,793
 $23,128
$22,257
 $21,889
Software license, hardware and other10,962
 14,913
12,391
 12,680
Support and maintenance10,100
 11,902
8,499
 9,691
Software related subscription services8,440
 7,992
8,324
 8,123
Deferred revenue$52,295
 $57,935
$51,471
 $52,383

Accrued compensation and related benefits are summarized as follows:
September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
June 30,
2017
 March 31,
2017
Payroll, bonus and commission$7,071
 $9,683
$5,297
 $15,836
Vacation8,121
 8,987
9,091
 8,677
Accrued compensation and related benefits$15,192
 $18,670
$14,388
 $24,513



Other current and noncurrent liabilities are summarized as follows:
September 30,
2016
 March 31,
2016
June 30,
2017
 March 31,
2017
Care services liabilities$5,915
 $4,957
Customer credit balances and deposits4,477
 4,124
Accrued consulting and outside services2,560
 2,496
Deferred rent and lease obligations2,417
 2,427
Accrued EDI expense2,276
 2,490
Accrued royalties2,021
 2,033
Accrued self insurance expense1,996
 1,697
Accrued outsourcing costs1,787
 1,588
Accrued hosting costs1,772
 401
Accrued conferences and advertising costs1,136
 234
Accrued legal expense1,056
 853
Employee benefit plan withholdings761
 739
Sales tax payable597
 448
Contingent consideration and other liabilities related to acquisitions$20,400
 $24,153

 18,817
Customer credit balances and deposits4,852
 4,123
Care services liabilities4,458
 5,339
Users group meeting deposits3,049
 
Accrued self insurance expense2,508
 1,862
Accrued consulting and outside services2,391
 3,650
Accrued EDI expense2,167
 2,382
Deferred rent1,441
 828
Accrued outsourcing costs1,439
 1,604
Accrued royalties1,233
 2,341
Accrued legal expense1,017
 864
Other accrued expenses5,779
 3,092
3,847
 3,471
Other current liabilities$50,734
 $50,238
$32,618
 $46,775
      
Deferred rent$9,292
 $6,577
Uncertain tax position and related liabilities4,084
 4,084
Deferred rent and lease obligations$11,749
 $11,402
Uncertain tax positions5,103
 4,762
Other liabilities296
 297
Other noncurrent liabilities$13,376
 $10,661
$17,148
 $16,461

9. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 was $1,925$2,154 and the provision forbenefit of income taxes for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20152016 was $4,168.$317. The effective tax rates were 32.6%35.6% and 33.4%32.9% for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. The effective rate for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased compared to the prior year period primarily due to lower qualifying production activity deductions and other discrete adjustments, offset by the impact of the federalshare-based compensation shortfall expense in current period, offset by a favorable benefit in current period of state taxes and state researchexclusion of certain non-deductible acquisition-related costs. Additionally, we adopted ASU 2016-09 (see Note 1), which requires excess tax expense and development creditbenefits to be recorded in the current period.
The provision for income taxes forstatement. (income tax expense and/or benefit). Prior to adoption of ASU 2016-09, such amounts were recorded to additional paid-in capital and did not impact the six months ended September 30, 2016 was $1,608 and the provision for income taxes for the six months ended September 30, 2015 was $7,092. The effective tax rates were 32.5% and 32.6% for the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The effective rate for the six months ended September 30, 2016 remained consistent with the prior year period because the impact of the federal and state research and development credit was substantially offset by lower qualifying production activity deductions and other discrete adjustments.rate.
The deferred tax assets and liabilities have been shown net in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as noncurrent. We expect to receive the full benefit of the deferred tax assets recorded with the exception of certain state credits, and state net operating loss carryforwards, and foreign accumulated minimum tax credits, for which we have recorded a valuation allowance.


Uncertain tax positions
We had a liabilityliabilities of $3,955$5,103 and $3,955$4,762 for unrecognized tax benefits related to various federal, state and local income tax matters as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and March 31, 2016,2017, respectively. If recognized, this amount would reduce our effective tax rate.
We are no longer subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for tax years before 2013.fiscal years ended 2014. With a few exceptions, we are no longer subject to state or local income tax examinations for tax years before 2011.fiscal years ended 2013. We do not anticipate that total unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change due to the settlement of audits or the expiration of statute of limitations within the next twelve months.



10. Earnings per Share

The dual presentation of “basic” and “diluted” earnings per share (“EPS”) is provided below. Share amounts below are in thousands.
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Earnings per share — Basic:          
Net income$3,987
 $8,315
 $3,340
 $14,677
Net income (loss)$3,896
 $(647)
Weighted-average shares outstanding — Basic61,658
 60,461
 61,420
 60,387
62,636
 61,179
Net income per common share — Basic$0.06
 $0.14
 $0.05
 $0.24
Net income (loss) per common share — Basic$0.06
 $(0.01)
          
Earnings per share — Diluted:          
Net income$3,987
 $8,315
 $3,340
 $14,677
Net income (loss)$3,896
 $(647)
Weighted-average shares outstanding61,658
 60,461
 61,420
 60,387
62,636
 61,179
Effect of potentially dilutive securities394
 733
 284
 742
7
 
Weighted-average shares outstanding — Diluted62,052
 61,194
 61,704
 61,129
62,643
 61,179
Net income per common share — Diluted$0.06
 $0.14
 $0.05
 $0.24
Net income (loss) per common share — Diluted$0.06
 $(0.01)

The computation of diluted net income per share does not include 3,2302,568 and 2,9972,767 options to acquire shares of common stock for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, respectively, because their inclusion would have an anti-dilutive effect on net income per share.

The computation of diluted net income per share does not include 1,9902017 and 1,878 options to acquire shares of common stock for the three and six months ended September 30, 2015,2016, respectively, because their inclusion would have an anti-dilutive effect on net income per share.

11. Share-Based Awards
Employee Stock Option and Incentive Plans
In October 2005, our shareholders approved a stock option and incentive plan (the “2005 Plan”) under which 4,800,000 shares of common stock were reserved for the issuance of awards, including incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, unrestricted stock, restricted stock units, performance shares, performance units (including performance options) and other share-based awards. The 2005 Plan provides that our employees and directors may, at the discretion of the Board of Directors ("Board") or a duly designated compensation committee, be granted certain share-based awards. In the case of option awards granted under the 2005 Plan, the exercise price of each option is determined based on the date of grant and expire no later than 10 years from the date of grant. Awards granted pursuant to the 2005 Plan are subject to the vesting schedule or performance metrics set forth in the agreements pursuant to which they are granted. Upon a change of control of our Company, as such term is defined in the 2005 Plan, awards under the 2005 Plan will fully vest under certain circumstances. The 2005 Plan expired on May 25, 2015. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, there were 1,186,101759,185 outstanding options and 567 outstanding shares of restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance based restricted stock under the 2005 Plan.
In August 2015, our shareholders approved a stock option and incentive plan (the “2015 Plan”) under which 11,500,000 shares of common stock were reserved for the issuance of awards, including incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit awards, performance stock awards and other share-based awards. The 2015 Plan provides that our employees and directors may, at the discretion of the Board of Directors or a duly designated compensation committee, be granted certain share-based awards. In the case of option awards granted under the 2015 Plan, the exercise price of each option is determined based on the date of grant and expire no later than 10 years from


the date of grant. Awards granted pursuant to the 2015 Plan are subject to the vesting schedule or performance metrics set forth in the agreements pursuant to which they are granted. Upon a change of control of our Company, as such term is defined in the 2015 Plan, awards under the 2015 Plan will fully vest under certain circumstances. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, there were 1,993,2501,964,375 outstanding options, 723,2331,497,033 outstanding shares of restricted stock awards, 114,916 outstanding shares of performance stock awards, and 8,389,7806,026,095 shares available for future grant under the 2015 Plan.
A summary of

The following table summarizes the stock option transactions during the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 follows:2017:
  
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
per Share
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
Outstanding, April 1, 2016 2,447,286
 $19.55
 6.3 $574
Granted 1,006,500
 12.83
 7.7  
Forfeited/Canceled (274,435) 20.51
 1.5 

Outstanding, September 30, 2016 3,179,351
 $17.34
 6.4 $
Vested and expected to vest, September 30, 2016 2,882,425
 $17.61
 6.4 $
Exercisable, September 30, 2016 757,466
 $25.89
 4.1 $
  
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
per Share
 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
Outstanding, April 1, 2017 2,885,415
 $15.41
 6.2 $3,150
Granted 309,000
 16.02
 7.9  
Exercised (214,105) 16.63
 6.5 $116
Forfeited/Canceled (256,750) 16.21
 5.7 

Outstanding, June 30, 2017 2,723,560
 $16.62
 6.1 $7,652
Vested and expected to vest, June 30, 2017 2,438,142
 $16.87
 6.0 $5,459
Exercisable, June 30, 2017 889,205
 $20.99
 4.6 $1,185

We utilize the Black-Scholes valuation model for estimating the fair value of share-based compensation with the following assumptions:
Three Months Ended June 30,
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,2017 2016
2016 2015 2016 2015   
Expected term6.6 years 3.9 years 6.0 - 6.6 years 3.8 - 3.9 years5.6 - 5.7 years 6.0 years
Expected volatility36.9% 38.9% 36.9% - 37.4% 38.3% - 38.9%37.6% - 37.7% 37.4%
Expected dividends—% 5.3% —% 4.1% - 5.3%—% —%
Risk-free rate1.2% 1.3% 1.2% - 1.5% 1.3% - 1.6%1.9% 1.5%
The weighted-average grant date fair value of stock options granted during the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016 was $6.12 and 2015 was $4.92 and $3.36 per share, respectively.
During the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, a total of 1,006,500309,000 options to purchase shares of common stock were granted under the 2015 Plan at an exercise price equal to the market price of our common stock on the date of grant, as summarized below:
Option Grant Date Number of Shares Exercise Price 
Vesting Terms (1)
 Expiration
May 31, 2016 100,000
 $12.71
 Five years May 31, 2024
May 25, 2016 216,500
 $12.78
 Four years May 25, 2024
May 24, 2016 540,000
 $12.93
 Four years May 24, 2024
July 11, 2016 150,000
 $12.60
 Four years July 11, 2024
Fiscal year 2017 grants 1,006,500
      
Option Grant Date Number of Shares Exercise Price 
Vesting Terms (1)
 Expiration
June 13, 2017 249,000
 $16.37
 Four years June 13, 2025
May 24, 2017 60,000
 $14.57
 Four years May 24, 2025
Total 309,000
 
 
 

(1) Options vest in equal annual installments on each grant anniversary date commencing one year following the date of grant.
Non-vested stock option award activity during the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 is summarized as follows:
 
Non-Vested
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
per Share
 
Non-Vested
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
per Share
Outstanding, April 1, 2016 1,859,750
 $4.67
Outstanding, April 1, 2017 2,073,295
 $5.09
Granted 993,250
 4.92
 309,000
 6.12
Vested (275,595) 5.39
 (353,690) 5.02
Forfeited/Canceled (168,770) 4.37
 (194,250) 4.63
Outstanding, September 30, 2016 2,408,635
 $4.71
Outstanding, June 30, 2017 1,834,355
 $4.92
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016, $9,6352017, $8,184 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to stock options is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.83.3 years. This amount does not include the cost of new options that may be granted in future periods or any changes in our forfeiture percentage. The total fair value of options vested during the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016 was $1,776 and 2015$1,353, respectively.


Restricted stock awards activity during the three months ended June 30, 2017 is summarized as follows:
  
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
per Share
Outstanding, April 1, 2017 902,948
 $12.92
Granted 757,631
 15.43
Vested (129,197) 12.78
Canceled (34,349) 12.86
Outstanding, June 30, 2017 1,497,033
 $14.29
Share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards was $1,486$1,539 and $1,735,$545 for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
The weighted-average grant date fair value for the restricted stock awards was estimated using the market price of the common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the restricted stock awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, which is generally two to three years.
As of June 30, 2017, $18,519 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years. This amount does not include the cost of new restricted stock awards that may be granted in future periods.
On December 29, 2016, the Compensation Committee of the Board granted 123,082 performance stock awards to certain executive officers, of which 114,916 shares are currently outstanding. The performance stock awards vest in four equal increments on each of the first four anniversaries of the grant date, subject in each case to the executive officer’s continued service and achievement of certain Company performance goals, including strong Company stock price performance. Share-based compensation expense related to the performance stock awards was $73 for the three months ended June 30, 2017.
Employee Share Purchase Plan
On August 11, 2014, our shareholders approved an Employee Share Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”) under which 4,000,000 shares of common stock were reserved for future grant.  The Purchase Plan allows eligible employees to purchase shares through payroll deductions of up to 15% of total base salary at a price equal to 90% of the lower of the fair market values of the shares as of the beginning or the end of the corresponding offering period.  Any shares purchased under the Purchase Plan are subject to a six-month holding period.  Employees are limited to purchasing no more than 1,500 shares on any single purchase date and no more than $25,000 in total fair market value of shares during any one calendar year. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we have issued 181,203238,622 shares under the Purchase Plan and 3,818,7973,761,378 shares are available for future issuance.
Share-based compensation expense recorded for the employee share purchase plan was $81$97 and $78$126 for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively. Share-based compensation expense recorded for the employee share purchase plan was $207 and $146 for the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Restricted Stock Awards
Restricted stock awards activity during the three and six months ended September 30, 2016 is summarized as follows:
  
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted-
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
per Share
Outstanding, April 1, 2016 191,247
 $14.44
Granted 619,874
 12.68
Vested (68,309) 14.17
Canceled (19,012) 12.78
Outstanding, September 30, 2016 723,800
 $12.99
Share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards was $972 and $217 for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Share-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards was $1,517 and $415 for the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
The weighted-average grant date fair value for the restricted stock awards was estimated using the market price of the common stock on the date of grant. The fair value of the restricted stock awards is amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period.
As of September 30, 2016, $8,217 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted stock awards is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years. This amount does not include the cost of new restricted stock awards that may be granted in future periods.

12. Concentration of Credit Risk
We had cash deposits at U.S. banks and financial institutions which exceeded federally insured limits at SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017. We are exposed to credit loss for amounts in excess of insured limits in the event of non-performance by the institutions; however, we do not anticipate non-performance by these institutions.

13. Commitments, Guarantees and Contingencies
Commitments and Guarantees
Our software license agreements include a performance guarantee that our software products will substantially operate as described in the applicable program documentation for a period of 365 days after delivery. To date, we have not incurred any significant costs associated with our performance guarantee or other related warranties and do not expect to incur significant warranty costs in the future. Therefore, no accrual has been made for potential costs associated with these warranties. Certain arrangements also include performance guarantees related to response time, availability for operational use, and other performance-related guarantees. Certain arrangements also include penalties in the form of maintenance credits should the performance of the software fail to meet the performance guarantees. To date, we have not incurred any significant costs associated with these warranties and do not expect to incur significant warranty costs in the future. Therefore, no accrual has been made for potential costs associated with these warranties.


We have historically offered short-term rights of return in certain sales arrangements. If we are able to estimate returns for these types of arrangements and all other criteria for revenue recognition have been met, revenue is recognized and these arrangements are recorded in the consolidated financial statements. If we are unable to estimate returns for these types of arrangements, revenue is not recognized in the consolidated financial statements until the rights of return expire, provided also, that all other criteria of revenue recognition have been met.
Our standard sales agreements contain an indemnification provision pursuant to which we shall indemnify, hold harmless, and reimburse the indemnified party for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party in connection with any United States patent, any copyright or other intellectual property infringement claim by any third-party with respect to our software. As we have not incurred any significant costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements, we believe that our estimated exposure on these agreements is currently minimal. Accordingly, we have no liabilities recorded for these indemnification obligations.
Hussein Litigation
On October 7, 2013, a complaint was filed against our Company and certain of our officers and directors in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Orange, captioned Ahmed D. Hussein v. Sheldon Razin, Steven Plochocki, Quality Systems, Inc. and Does 1-10, inclusive, No. 30-2013-00679600-CU-NP-CJC, by Ahmed Hussein, a former director and significant shareholder of our Company.  We filed a demurrer to the complaint, which the Court granted on April 10, 2014. An amended complaint was filed on April 25, 2014. The amended complaint generally alleges fraud and deceit, constructive fraud, negligent misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary duty in connection with statements made to our shareholders regarding our financial condition and projected future performance. The amended complaint seeks actual damages, exemplary and punitive damages and costs. We filed a demurrer to the amended complaint. On July 29, 2014, the Court sustained the demurrer with respect to the breach of fiduciary duty claim, and overruled the demurrer with respect to the fraud and deceit claims. On August 28, 2014, we filed an answer and also filed a cross-complaint against the plaintiff, alleging that the plaintiff breached fiduciary duties owed to the Company, Mr. Razin and Mr. Plochocki. Mr. Razin and Mr. Plochocki have dismissed their claims against Hussein, leaving QSI as the sole plaintiff in the cross-complaint. On June 26, 2015, we filed a motion for summary judgment, which the Court granted on September 16, 2015, dismissing all claims against us. On September 23, 2015, the plaintiff filed an application for reconsideration of the Court's summary judgment order, which the Court denied. On October 28, 2015, the plaintiff filed a motion for summary judgment, seeking to dismiss our cross-complaint, which the Court denied on March 3, 2016. On May 9, 2016, the plaintiff filed a motion for summary adjudication, seeking to again dismiss our cross-complaint, which the Court denied on August 5, 2016. On August 5, 2016, the plaintiff filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings, seeking to again dismiss our cross-complaint, which the Court denied on September 2, 2016. Trial is seton our cross-complaint began June 12, 2017. On July 26, 2017, the Court issued a statement of decision granting Hussein’s motion for April 10, 2017judgment on QSI'sour cross-complaint. We believe the Court’s decision on our cross-complaint was erroneous and we are evaluating a potential appeal. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.
Federal Securities Class Action
On November 19, 2013, a putative class action complaint was filed on behalf of the shareholders of our Company other than the defendants against us and certain of our officers and directors in the United States District Court for the Central District of California by one of our shareholders. After the Court appointed lead plaintiffs and lead counsel for this action, and recaptioned the action In re Quality Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation, No. 8L13-cv-01818-CJC(JPRx), lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on April 7, 2014. The amended complaint, which is substantially similar to the litigation described above under the caption “Hussein Litigation,” generally alleges that statements made to our shareholders regarding our financial condition and projected future performance were false and misleading in violation of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and that the individual defendants are liable for such statements because they are controlling persons under Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act. The complaint seeks compensatory damages, court costs and attorneys' fees. We filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on June 20, 2014, which the Court granted on October 20, 2014, dismissing the complaint with prejudice. Plaintiffs filed a motion for reconsideration of the Court's order, which the Court denied on January 5, 2015. On January 30, 2015, Plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, captioned In re Quality Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation, No. 15-55173. Plaintiffs filed their opening brief and we answered. Oral argument is set forwas held on December 5, 2016. On July 28, 2017, the Ninth Circuit issued a decision reversing and remanding the District Court's order on our motion to dismiss. We believe that the plaintiffs' claims are without merit and continue to defend against them vigorously.vigorously, including by evaluating potential challenges to the Ninth Circuit decision. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.
Shareholder Derivative Litigation
On January 24, 2014, a complaint was filed against our Company and certain of our officers and current and former directors in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, captioned Timothy J. Foss, derivatively on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, vs. Craig A. Barbarosh, George H. Bristol, James C. Malone, Peter M. Neupert, Morris Panner, D. Russell Pflueger, Steven T. Plochocki, Sheldon Razin, Lance E. Rosenzweig and Quality Systems, Inc., No. SACV14-00110-DOC-JPPx, by Timothy J. Foss, a shareholder of ours. The complaint arises from the same allegations described above under the captions “Hussein Litigation” and “Federal Securities Class Action” and generally alleges breach of fiduciary duties, abuse of control and


gross mismanagement by our directors, in addition to unjust enrichment and insider selling by individual directors. The complaint seeks compensatory damages, restitution and disgorgement of all profits, court costs, attorneys’ fees and implementation of enhanced corporate governance procedures. The parties have agreed to stay this litigation until the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit issues a ruling on the pending appeal described above under the caption “Federal Securities Class Action”.Action,” and will meet and confer to discuss process going forward. We believe that the plaintiff’s claims are without merit and intend to defend against them vigorously. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.

Other Regulatory Matters

In April 2017, we received a request for documents and information from the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Vermont pursuant to a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”). The CID relates to an investigation concerning the certification we obtained for our software under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Electronic Health Record Incentive Program. Given the highly-regulated nature of our industry, we may, from time to time, be subject to subpoenas, requests for information, or investigations from various government agencies. It is our practice to respond to such matters in a cooperative, thorough and timely manner. We are currently responding to this CID and intend to cooperate fully with the government. Requests and investigations of this nature may lead to the assertion of claims or the commencement of legal proceedings against us, as well as other material liabilities.  In addition, our responses to the CID require time and effort, which can result in additional cost to us. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.

14. Operating Segment Information
Effective July 1, 2016, we revised our reportable operating segments. As part of our ongoing reorganization efforts, we refined the measurement of our segment data to better reflect our current internal organizational structure whereby certain functions that formerly existed within each individual operating segment have changed. Our operating segments now consist of the Software and Related Solutions segment and the RCM and Related Services segment, which is consistent with the disaggregated financial information used and evaluated by our chief operating decision maker (consisting of our Chief Executive Officer) to assess performance and make decisions about the allocation of resources. Revenue and gross profit are the key measures of segment profitability used by our chief operating decision maker to measure segment operating performance and to make key business decisions. The revenues and gross profit of each segment are derived from distinct product and services within each segment. The Software and Related Solutions segment aggregates the revenues and gross profit of our software-related products and services, including software license and hardware, software-related subscription services, support and maintenance, EDI and data services, and certain professional services, such as implementation, training, and consulting. The RCM and Related Services segment aggregates the revenues and gross profit of our RCM services and certain related ancillary service offerings.
Certain functional roles that do not engage in revenue generating activities, such as product solutions and strategy, research and development, and certain corporate general and administrative functions, including finance, human resources, marketing, and legal, are considered to be shared-services and are not controlled by segment-level leadership. Although the segments may derive direct benefits as a result of such shared-services functions, our chief operating decision maker evaluates performance based upon stand-alone segment revenues and gross profit. Accordingly, the shared-services functions are not considered separate operating segments, and the related operating expenses are not included within our operating segments disclosure. Additionally, total assets are managed at a consolidated level and thus are also not included within our operating segments disclosure. Accounting policies for each of our operating segments are the same as those applied to our consolidated financial statements.
Operating segment data for the three and six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 is summarized in the table below. Prior period data has been retroactively reclassified to present all segment information on a comparable basis. The change in reportable segments has no impact to consolidated revenues and consolidated cost of revenue, nor does it affect our presentation of revenue and cost of revenue on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
  Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,
  2016 2015 2016 2015
Revenue:        
Software and Related Solutions $105,475
 $100,536
 $205,896
 $197,856
RCM and Related Services 21,691
 21,652
 43,475
 42,827
Hospital Solutions(1)
 
 3,181
 
 6,850
Consolidated revenue $127,166
 $125,369
 $249,371
 $247,533
         
Gross profit (loss):        
Software and Related Solutions $69,615
 $64,605
 $133,162
 $126,033
RCM and Related Services 7,017
 6,645
 14,260
 13,023
Hospital Solutions(1)
 
 915
 
 2,638
Unallocated cost of revenue(2)
 (5,463) (3,394) (10,863) (6,736)
Consolidated gross profit $71,169
 $68,771
 $136,559
 $134,958

(1) The former Hospital Solutions Division was divested in October 2015 and therefore, does not represent a distinct operating segment. Historical amounts for Hospital Solutions have not been revised.
(2) Consists of amortization of acquired software technology and amortization of capitalized software costs not allocated to the operating segments for the purposes of measuring performance.
15. Restructuring Plan
In fiscal year 2016, we initiated a three-phase plan intended to better position our organization for future success. We implemented a series of actions with the objective of achieving greater synergies and further integration of our products and services in support of our business strategies, and enabling a more efficient, integrated and client-centered delivery of the holistic solutions that we believe is required by our ambulatory care clients. We also transformed our management team with the appointment of a new chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief technology officer, and chief client officer. In the first phase, we redesigned the organization to more effectively support the execution of our strategy. Under phase twoas part of our reorganization we will continue to build our infrastructure and enhance our healthcare information technology capabilities to


drive future revenue growth. The third phase of the plan will consist of developing and marketing the services and solutions that we believe will accelerate revenue growth.
The overall plan also includes a multi-year initiative, called NextGen 2.0, to merge our business units into a single, streamlined, functional-based organization structure and to realign our organizational structure by consolidating the sales, marketing, information services, and software development responsibilities into single, company-wide roles in order to achieve greater efficiency. As a result, our reportable segments have changed and may change again due to such changes in the organization of our business.
The first phase was completed in April 2016, when we announced a corporate restructuring plan, which was approved by our Board of Directors. Under the restructuring plan, we reduced our domestic headcount by approximately 150 employees, or approximately six percent of our U.S.-based workforce. During the three and six months ended September 30, 2016,efforts, we recorded $701 and $4,454, respectively,$7,078 of restructuring costs within operating expenses in our consolidated statements of net income and comprehensive income. The restructuring plan was substantially complete by the end of fiscal 2017. The restructuring costs consistconsisted primarily of payroll-related costs, such as severance, outplacement costs, and continuing healthcare coverage, associated with the involuntary separation of employees pursuant to a one-time benefit arrangement, which were accrued when it was probable that the benefits willwould be paid and the amountamounts were reasonably estimable. Also included in restructuring costs were certain facilities-related costs associated with accruals for the remaining lease obligations at certain locations, including Solana Beach, Costa Mesa, and a portion of Horsham with contractual lease terms ending between January 2018 and September 2023. We have vacated each of the locations or portions thereof and are actively marketing the locations for sublease. We estimated the remaining lease obligations at fair value as of the cease-use date for each location based on the future contractual lease obligations, reduced by projected sublease rentals that could be reasonably obtained for the locations after a period of marketing, and adjusted for the effect deferred rents that have been recognized under the lease. The effect of discounting future cash flows using a credit-adjusted risk free rate was not significant. Sublease income and commencement dates were estimated based on data available from rental activity in the local markets. Significant judgment was required to estimate the remaining lease obligations at fair value and actual results could vary from the estimates, resulting in potential future adjustments to amounts previously recorded. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, the remaining lease obligation, net of estimated projected sublease rentals, was $1,932.

15. Subsequent Events

On July 31, 2017, we hadentered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Agreement”) to acquire EagleDream Health Inc. (“EagleDream Health”), a remaining liabilitycloud-based analytics company that drives meaningful insight across clinical, financial and administrative data to optimize practice performance.  Based in Rochester, NY, EagleDream Health empowers organizations with intuitive analytics and actionable intelligence to achieve successful population health management. Our acquisition of $701 relatedEagleDream Health will enable us to our restructuring costs, nearly allenhance the care experience and increase patient engagement for ambulatory clinics and health systems while reducing the per capita cost of which we expect to settle inhealthcare and improving the third quarter of fiscal 2017.work-life balance for clinicians and staff.  The restructuring plantransaction is expected to close promptly upon the satisfaction of customary closing conditions and will be complete by the endsettled in all cash with a value of fiscal 2017.approximately $26,000.





Item 2.    MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Report") and certain information incorporated herein by reference contain forward-looking statements within the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements included or incorporated by reference in this Report, other than statements that are purely historical, are forward-looking statements. Words such as “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “believe,” “seek,” “estimate,” “will,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “may,” and similar expressions also identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include, without limitation, discussions of our product development plans, business strategies, future operations, financial condition and prospects, developments in and the impacts of government regulation and legislation, including, without limitation, The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, and the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015, and market factors influencing our results. Our expectations, beliefs, objectives, intentions and strategies regarding our future results are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties, both foreseen and unforeseen, that could cause actual results to differ materially from results contemplated in our forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, our ability to continue to develop new products and increase systems sales in markets characterized by rapid technological evolution, consolidation, and competition from larger, better-capitalized competitors. Many other economic, competitive, governmental and technological factors could affect our ability to achieve our goals, and interested persons are urged to review any risks that may be described in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” as set forth herein and other risk factors appearing in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 20162017 (“Annual Report”), as supplemented by additional risk factors, if any, in our interim filings on our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, as well as in our other public disclosures and filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Because of these risk factors, as well as other variables affecting our financial condition and results of operations, past financial performance may not be a reliable indicator of future performance and historical trends should not be used to anticipate results or trends in future periods. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of the filing of this Report.
This management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations ("MD&A") is provided as a supplement to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report in order to enhance your understanding of our results of operations and financial condition and should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by, the consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Report. Historical results of operations, percentage margin fluctuations and any trends that may be inferred from the discussion below are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for any future period.
Company Overview
Quality Systems, Inc., primarily through itsknown to our clients as NextGen Healthcare, subsidiary, provides technology-basedsoftware, services and analytics solutions and services to the ambulatory care market inmarket. We are a healthcare information technology and services company that delivers the United States. Our solutions provide our clients with the abilityfoundational capabilities to redesign patient care and other workflow processes while improving productivity through the facilitation of managed accessorganizations that want to patient information. We help promote healthy communities by empoweringcommunities. Our technology provides a customizable platform that empowers physician practice success, and enrichingenriches the patient care experience while loweringand lowers the cost of healthcare.
We primarily derive revenue by developing and marketing software and services that automate certain aspects of practice management (“PM”) and electronic health records (“EHR”) for medicalambulatory care practices. In addition, our software and dental practices.services facilitate interoperability. Our software can be licensed on a perpetual,and delivered on-premise basis, hosted in a private cloud or in certain instances,the cloud as a software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) solution.. Our services include maintenance and support, professional services, and complementary services such as managed cloud services, revenue cycle management (“RCM”) and electronic data interchange (“EDI”). We market and sell our solutions through a dedicated sales force and to a much lesser extent, through resellers. Our clients includespan the entire ambulatory market from large multi-specialty to small single specialty practices and small practice physicians,include networks of practices such as physician hospital organizations (“PHOs”), management service organizations (“MSOs”), accountable care organizations (“ACOs”), ambulatory care centers and community health centers and medical and dental schools. We also provide implementation, training, support and maintenance for software and complementary services such as revenue cycle management (“RCM”) and electronic data interchange (“EDI”).centers.
We have a historydetermined that the Company operates in one segment as of developing new and enhanced technologies. Over the courseJune 30, 2017. Refer to Note 1, "Summary of a numberSignificant Accounting Policies" of years, we have also made strategic acquisitionsour notes to complement and enhance our product portfolioconsolidated financial statements included elsewhere in the ambulatory care, RCM, and hospital markets.this Report for additional information.
Quality Systems, Inc. was incorporated in California in 1974. Our principal offices are located at 18111 Von Karman Ave., Suite 800, Irvine, California, 92612. Our websites are located at www.Nextgen.comwww.nextgen.com and www.qsii.com. We operate on a fiscal year ending on March 31.
Trends and Events in Our Business
We believe that the following trends and events as described below have contributed to our consolidated results of operations and may continue to impact our future results.


We believe healthcare is more heavily influenced by regulatory and national health projects than by the cycles of our economy. The healthcare industry has been significantly impacted by the Obama Administration's broad healthcare reform efforts, including the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health portion of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 ("HITECH Act") and the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act ("ACA") that provided significant incentives to health care organizations for "Meaningful Use" adoption and interoperable electronic health record solutions.
We also believe that healthcare reform, including the repeal of the sustainable growth rate ("SGR")(SGR) formula as part of the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 ("MACRA"), and a movement towards a value-based, pay-for-performance model and quality initiative efforts will stimulate demand for robust electronic health record solutions as well as new health information technology solutions from bundled billing capabilities to patient engagement and population health management. We believe MACRA may be the most important of the three regulations for our market because it permanently changes how ambulatory healthcare providers are reimbursed by Medicare. It offers certainty and a timeline for the market’s move away from volume-based, fee-for-service models to value-based payment models that reward the delivery of lower cost, high quality care.
While we expect to benefit from the increasing demands for greater efficiency as well as government support for increased adoption of electronic health records, the market for physician based electronic health records software is becoming increasingly saturated while physician group practices are rapidly being consolidated by hospitals, insurance payers and other entities. Hospital software providers are leveraging their position with their hospital clients to gain market share with hospital owned physician practices. Insurance providers and large physician groups are also consolidating physician offices creating additional opportunity for ambulatory software providers like us. Our strategy is to focus on addressing the growing needs of accountable care organizations around interoperability, patient engagements, population health, and data analytics.
We believe that our core strength lies in the central role our software products and services play in the delivery of healthcare by the primary physician in an ambulatory setting. We intend to remain at the forefront of upcoming new regulatory requirements and meaningful use requirements for stimulus payments. We intend to continue the development and enhancement of our software solutions to support healthcare reform, such as the recently enacted MACRA, which promotes the transition from fee-for-service to value-based, pay-for-performance and patient-centric and quality initiatives such as accountable care organizations. Key elements of our future software development will be to expand our interoperability capabilities enhancing the competitiveness of our software offerings, make our products more intuitive and easy to use, and to enhance the capability of our MediTouch® Platform to allow us to deliver our software over the cloud to larger ambulatory care practices.
We have a history of enhancing our solutions through both organic and inorganic activities. Over the last few years, we have entered into strategic transactions to complement and enhance our product portfolio in the ambulatory care market. In addition to the activities described above, mergers and acquisitions have been important to our development. In September 2013 we acquired Mirth Corporation ("Mirth"), a global leader in health information technology that helps clients achieve interoperability. In AprilOctober 2015, we acquired Gennius, Inc. ("Gennius"), a population health analytics company which we believe enhances and leveragesdivested our acquisition of Mirth by broadening our business intelligence capabilities in the growing population health and value based care areas.former Hospital Solutions division. In January 2016, we completed the acquisition ofacquired HealthFusion Holdings, Inc. ("HealthFusion"), a cloud-based healthcare information technology (“HCIT”) company providing electronic health record (“EHR”) and practice management (“PM”) software primarily to the one-to-ten physician size market. We entered into a revolving credit agreement to fund the transaction. We believe the acquisition provided us with access to a market we were not in and provides us with technology that will accelerate our transition to the cloud.
We continue to evaluate the organizational structure of our company with the objective of achieving greater synergies and further integration of our products and services, in support of our business strategies. In fiscal 2016, we initiated a three-phase plan to better position our organization for future success. In the first phase, we redesigned the organization to more effectively support the execution of our strategy. We also transformed our management team with the appointment of a new chief executive officer, chief financial officer, chief technology officer, and chief client officer. This first phase was completed in April 2016, when2017, we announced a corporate restructuring plan intended to enable a more efficient, integrated and client-centered delivery of the holistic solutions that we believe is required by our ambulatory care clients. The restructuring plan includes merging our business units into a single, streamlined, functional-based organization structure. We are now beginning phase two of our reorganization, which includes building and enhancing the capabilities that will drive future revenue growth. The third phase of the plan will consist of developing and marketing the services and solutions that we believe will accelerate revenue growth.acquired Entrada, Inc. ("Entrada").
We have made and intend to continue making substantial investments in our infrastructure, while continuing our strong commitment of service in support of our client satisfaction programs and maintaining reasonable expense discipline. Such investments includeincluding but are not limited to maintaining and expanding sales, marketing and product development activities to improve patient care and reduce healthcare costs, providing industry-leading, integrated clinical and administrative healthcare data systems, services, and expertise to clinical, medical, technology, and healthcare business professionals.professionals while continuing our strong commitment of service in support of our client satisfaction programs. These investments in our infrastructure will continue while maintaining reasonable expense discipline. We also strive to add new clients and expand our relationship with existing clients through delivery of add-on and complementary products and services. Weservices and believe that theour client base that usesis using our software on a daily basis is a strategic asset, and weasset. We intend to leverage this strategic asset by expanding our product and service offerings towards this client base.
Led by our vision and mission, we are resetting our strategy and structure to deliver value to our clients. To achieve a lower-cost, increased structural capability structure, our new management team is building what we believe is an aligned, client-focused organization, supported by a recurring revenue stream and a large and diverse existing client base.



Our Strategy
We strive to be the trusted partner for clients of all size,sizes, integrating services software and analyticssoftware into a consolidated solution.solution that enables an efficient and effective caregiver and patient experience while driving positive financial outcomes. As a healthcare information technology and services company, we plan to continue investing in our current capabilities as well as building and/or acquiring new capabilities as we guide our clients through an evolving healthcare marketplace that is transitioning from fee-for-service to fee-for-value payer reimbursement models. With approximately 90,000 providers using our solutions, we are enabling care and believe we can truly transform the delivery of care through the following strategic priorities:
Focus on the ambulatory client segment. In October 2015, we sold our former Hospital Solutions Divisiondivision to focus on our core ambulatory clients. Further, a recent operational reorganization better allows us to serve the needs of our ambulatory clients through a simpler, more nimble, and focused organization. We believe it is essential to protect, build and sell new capabilities within our ambulatory platform.client segment. We are focused on our core by increasing quality and the serviceability of our solutions. We intend to continue to enhance the capabilities of our NextGen Ambulatory flagship product.
Cloud transition. Through our acquisition At the same time, we intend to expand the capability of HealthFusion in January 2016, we acquired athe highly scalable, pure cloud-based and mobile-enabled MediTouch® platform.


Platform as a service. With the introduction of our API 2.0 framework and our continued leverage of the Mirth interoperability platform, we will continue our evolution to plug and play extensibility and information sharing that operates underallows our customers to innovate and deploy high-fidelity extensions to our core applications without the tradename MediTouch®.costs, risks (security, performance, etc.) or complexity commonly associated with direct binding. We intendhave also introduced platform-enabled automation capabilities to expand the capability of this platform to serve the requirements of larger ambulatory practices. When combined with our Mirth-branded products, we can offer our clients a full suite of cloud-based solutions that better enableempower our clients to focus on care delivery.
Solutions selling.drive cost out of their processes while supporting their needs to implement the highly personalized workflows that are required to support value based care. Our acquisition of Entrada and its cloud-based, mobile application in April 2017 demonstrates our commitment to innovation that becomes essential for practitioners by improving their clinical productivity with documentation support services that seamlessly integrate into their electronic health record. We believe there is significant opportunity to extend the solutions we offer existing and new clients through value addedvalue-added services such as RCM EDI, interoperability solutions and professional services. This will evolve our relationships from being a seller of products and services to delivering a consistent solution suite and experience for our clients.EDI.
Population health software and services. We are migrating into applications, analytics and services that we believe will enable our clients to be successful in managingproactively manage the health of patient populations. We are establishing strong development partners withinpartnerships with our core client base,most innovative customers who are actively participating in shared-risk contracts, and working together with them to determinecreate progressive population health solutions.
More effective use of capital. From cessation of the dividend, leveraging our balance sheet for future opportunities,capabilities. We support extraordinary information sharing capabilities vital to managing our cost structure, we are transforming our capital strategy. Our recent reorganization was formulated to result in a more efficient, integrated and streamlined organization.patient populations through Mirth interoperability offerings.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial statements and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). The preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and related disclosures. We base our assumptions, estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends, and other factors we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, and we evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis. On a regular basis, we review the accounting policies and update our assumptions, estimates, and judgments, as needed, to ensure that our consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and in accordance with GAAP. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates under different assumptions or conditions. To the extent that there are material differences between our estimates and actual results, our financial condition or results of operations will be affected.
We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” of our notes to consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report. We discuss our critical accounting policies and estimates in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” of our Annual Report. There have been no material changes in our significant accounting policies or critical accounting policies and estimates since the fiscal year ended March 31, 2016.2017.



Results of Operations
The following table sets forth the percentage of revenue represented by each item in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (certain percentages below may not sum due to rounding):
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Revenues:          
Software license and hardware13.5% 15.7% 12.8% 14.5%9.8% 12.1 %
Software related subscription services16.9
 9.9
 16.6
 10.0
18.3
 16.3
Total software, hardware and related30.4
 25.6
 29.4
 24.5
28.0
 28.4
Support and maintenance30.6
 33.6
 30.9
 34.7
31.4
 31.1
Revenue cycle management and related services16.5
 16.6
 16.8
 16.6
16.3
 17.2
Electronic data interchange and data services17.0
 16.4
 17.5
 16.5
17.8
 18.1
Professional services5.5
 7.7
 5.3
 7.8
6.4
 5.2
Total revenues100.0
 100.0
 100.0
 100.0
100.0
 100.0
Cost of revenue:          
Software license and hardware5.1
 5.2
 5.4
 5.5
4.1
 5.8
Software related subscription services6.8
 4.8
 7.1
 4.8
8.0
 7.4
Total software, hardware and related11.9
 10.0
 12.6
 10.3
12.1
 13.3
Support and maintenance5.5
 6.7
 5.5
 6.6
5.8
 5.4
Revenue cycle management and related services11.3
 11.7
 11.5
 11.8
11.7
 11.6
Electronic data interchange and data services10.1
 10.0
 10.3
 10.0
10.1
 10.4
Professional services5.3
 6.7
 5.5
 6.7
5.5
 5.8
Total cost of revenue44.0
 45.1
 45.2
 45.5
45.2
 46.5
Gross profit56.0
 54.9
 54.8
 54.5
54.8
 53.5
Operating expenses:          
Selling, general and administrative33.6
 29.8
 33.4
 30.9
32.8
 33.2
Research and development costs, net14.4
 14.3
 14.6
 14.2
15.3
 14.9
Amortization of acquired intangible assets2.1
 0.7
 2.1
 0.7
1.6
 2.2
Restructuring costs0.6
 
 1.8
 

 3.1
Total operating expenses50.6
 44.9
 52.0
 45.8
49.7
 53.4
Income from operations5.3
 10.0
 2.8
 8.7
5.1
 0.1
Interest income
 
 
 0.1
Interest expense(0.6) 
 (0.7) 
(0.5) (0.8)
Other expense, net
 
 (0.1) 

 (0.1)
Income before provision for income taxes4.6
 10.0
 2.0
 8.8
Provision for income taxes1.5
 3.3
 0.6
 2.9
Net income3.1% 6.6% 1.3% 5.9%
Income (loss) before provision for (benefit of) income taxes4.6
 (0.8)
Provision for (benefit of) income taxes1.6
 (0.3)
Net income (loss)3.0% (0.5)%




Revenues
The following table presents our consolidated revenues for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Revenues:          
Software license and hardware$17,182
 $19,687
 $31,971
 $35,876
$12,800
 $14,789
Software related subscription services21,490
 12,437
 41,365
 24,683
23,906
 19,875
Total software, hardware and related38,672
 32,124
 73,336
 60,559
36,706
 34,664
          
Support and maintenance38,974
 42,176
 76,981
 85,889
41,116
 38,007
Revenue cycle management and related services20,936
 20,793
 41,989
 41,036
21,403
 21,053
Electronic data interchange and data services21,613
 20,581
 43,737
 40,770
23,312
 22,124
Professional services6,971
 9,695
 13,328
 19,279
8,385
 6,357
Total revenues$127,166
 $125,369
 $249,371
 $247,533
$130,922
 $122,205
We generate revenue from sales of licensing rights and subscriptions to our software products, hardware and third party software products, support and maintenance services, revenue cycle management and related services ("RCM"), electronic data interchange and data services (“EDI”), and professional services, such as implementation, training, and consulting performed for clients who use our products.
Consolidated revenue for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 increased $1.8$8.7 million compared to the prior year period. Consolidateddue to increases across each of our revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2016 alsostreams, except software license and hardware. Software related subscription services increased $1.8$4.0 million, compared to the prior year period. The increase in consolidated revenues for both the three and six month periodswhich was driven primarily by higher subscription sales ofassociated with the MediTouch® cloud-based system acquired from HealthFusion and growth in January 2016, partiallysubscriptions related to our interoperability, patient portal, and QSIDental Web product offerings as we continue to expand our client base. The $3.1 million increase in support and maintenance is primarily due to lower sales credits in the current year and annual increases to support and maintenance fees that are generally tied to changes in the Consumer Price Index (CPI). The $2.0 million increase in professional services is mostly associated with the acquisition of Entrada in April 2017, offset by lower software license and hardware revenue, lowersales of professional services due to lower client demand for our core software products and related implementation, training, and consulting services. EDI revenue and lower support and maintenance revenue.increased $1.2 million, which was primarily related to EDI services sold with our MediTouch® cloud-based solutions. The $2.0 million decline in software license and hardware revenue was mostly caused by a shift in market dynamics toward cloud-based solutions and away from perpetual license arrangements, which has also resulted in lower demandreflects the increasingly saturated end-market for our professional services, including implementation, training, and consulting services. The decline in support and maintenance is due to the disposition of the former Hospital Solutions Division in October 2015 and net attrition in products sold with accompanying maintenance. The growth in EDI and RCM revenue for both the three and six month periods was due to the addition of new clients, further penetration of our existing client base, and additional cross-sell of newer products.electronic health records software.
Recurring service revenue, consisting of software related subscription services, support and maintenance, RCM, and EDI, represented 81.0%83.8% and 76.6%82.7% of total revenue for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Our goals include further enhancement of our existing products, including expansion of our software and 2015, respectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2016service offerings that support pay-for-performance initiatives around accountable care organizations, bringing greater ease of use and 2015, recurring service revenue represented 81.8%intuitiveness to our software products, enhancing our managed cloud and 77.7%, respectively,hosting services to lower our clients' total cost of total revenue.
We expect to benefit from the growth of a replacement market driven by an expected consolidation of electronic health records vendors. We also anticipate the creation of new opportunities in connection with the evolution of healthcare from a fee-for-services reimbursement model to a pay-for-performance model around the management of patient populations. Our acquisitions of Gennius and Mirth provided us with new products and services around population health, collaborative care management,ownership, expanding our interoperability and enterprise analytics capabilities, and further development and enhancements of our portfolio of specialty focused templates within our electronic health records software.
We intend to remain at the forefront of upcoming new regulatory requirements, including meaningful use requirements for stimulus payments and recent healthcare reform that is driving the transition towards pay-for-performance, value-based reimbursement models. We believe that the expanded requirements for continued eligibility for incentive payments under meaningful use rules will result in an expanded replacement market for electronic health records software. We also intend to continue selling additional software and services to existing clients, expanding penetration of connectivity and other services to new and existing clients, and capitalizing on growth and cross selling opportunities. Our acquisitions of Entrada and HealthFusion has allowed us to expand our client base and cloud-based solution capabilities in the ambulatory market and meet the needs of practices of increasing size and complexity. Our acquisitions of Mirth and Gennius improve our competitiveness in the markets and provides us with new client opportunities and expanded markets that support our strategy to focus on accountable care organizations around interoperability, patient engagements, population health and collaborative care management, and enterprise analytics. When combined, we can offer our clients a full suite of cloud-based solutions that better enable our clients to focus on care delivery. We believe we are well-positioned within the evolving healthcare market to deliver products and services that address these market dynamics. the growing importance of quality collaborative care and shift from fee-for-service to value-based, pay-for-performance care. We also believe that a significant opportunity exists to continue cross selling RCM services to our existing clients as the portion of existing clients who are using RCM services is approximately 10%. We are actively pursuing efforts to achieve faster growth from expanded efforts to leverage our existing sales force towards selling RCM services. We also believe that ongoing increases in the complexity of medical billing and collections processes, including the migration to value-based reimbursement models, will create additional opportunities.


While it remains difficult to assess the relative impact or the timing of positive and negative trends affecting the aforementioned market opportunities, we believe we are well positioned to remain a leader in serving the evolving market needs for healthcare information technology.


We believe that our operating results are attributed to a strong brand name and reputation within the marketplace for healthcare information technology software and services and investments in sales and marketing activities, including new marketing campaigns, Internet advertising investments, tradeshow attendance and other expanded advertising and marketing expenditures.
Gross Profit
The following table presents our consolidated cost of revenue and gross profit for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Total cost of revenue$55,997
 $56,598
 $112,812
 $112,575
$59,169
 $56,815
Gross profit71,169
 68,771
 136,559
 134,958
71,753
 65,390
Gross margin %56.0% 54.9% 54.8% 54.5%54.8% 53.5%
Cost of revenue consists primarily of compensation expense, including share-based compensation, for personnel that deliver our products and services. Cost of revenue also includes amortization of capitalized software costs and acquired technology, third party consultant and outsourcing costs, costs associated with our EDI business partners and clearinghouses, hosting service costs, third party software costs and royalties, and other costs directly associated with delivering our products and services. Refer to Note 5, "Intangible Assets" and Note 6, "Capitalized Software Costs" of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for additional information on current period amortization of capitalized software costs and acquired technology and an estimate of future expected amortization.
Share-based compensation expense included in cost of revenue was $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016, and is included in the amounts above. Share-based compensation expense included in cost of revenue was $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 and is included in the amountstable above.
Gross profit for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 increased $2.4$6.4 million compared to the prior year period due primarily to the$8.7 million higher revenues as discussed above, combined withoffset by a $0.6$2.4 million decreaseincrease in cost of revenue. The increase in cost of revenue which was driven by lower payrollis due to higher costs associated with delivering support and maintenance and professional services, partially offset bythe acquisition of Entrada in April 2017, higher amortization of the software technology intangible asset acquired from HealthFusion. As a result, the gross margin percentage increased to 56.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 compared to 54.9% in the prior year period.
Gross profit for the six months ended September 30, 2016 increased $1.6 million compared to the prior year period due primarily toEntrada, and higher revenues, as discussed above, offset by a $0.2 million increase in cost of revenue. Cost of revenue increased due to amortization of the software technology intangible asset acquired from HealthFusion, partially offset by lower payrollpersonnel costs associated with delivering support and maintenance and professional services. As a result, the overallRCM services, partially offset by lower amortization of previously capitalized software development cost. The gross margin percentage remained consistentincreased to 54.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2017 compared to 53.5% in the prior year period.period due mostly to growth in our higher-margin software related subscription services.
Selling, General and Administrative Expense
The following table presents our consolidated selling, general and administrative expense for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015��2016 20152017 2016
Selling, general and administrative$42,790
 $37,396
 $83,371
 $76,567
$42,977
 $40,581
Selling, general and administrative, as a percentage of revenue33.6% 29.8% 33.4% 30.9%32.8% 33.2%
Selling, general and administrative expense consist of compensation expense, including share-based compensation, for management and administrative personnel, selling and marketing expense, facilities costs, depreciation, professional service fees, including legal, consulting, and accounting services, acquisition and transaction-related costs, and other general corporate and administrative expenses.
Share-based compensation expense included in selling, general and administrative expenses was $1.4$1.5 million and $0.7$1.0 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, and is included in the amounts above. Share-based compensation expense included in selling, general and administrative expenses was $2.4 million and $1.2 million for the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and is included in the amountstable above.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $5.4$2.4 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 compared to the prior year period primarily due to $2.5 million ofhigher incremental selling, general and administrativecosts associated with Entrada acquired in April 2017, an increase in bad debt expense associated with the acquisition of HealthFusionour continued efforts to resolve aged customer receivable balances, and $3.0 million of acquisitionhigher consulting costs primarily related to the fair value adjustmentsassociated with our assessment and implementation of the HealthFusion contingent consideration.new revenue standard (ASC 606, Revenue From Contracts With Customers), including implementation of a new accounting system module.


Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $6.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2016 compared to the prior year period primarily due to $5.0 million of incremental selling, general and administrative expense associated with the acquisition of HealthFusion and $5.4 million of acquisition costs primarily related to the fair value adjustments of the HealthFusion contingent consideration, partially offset by lower payroll costs associated with the corporate restructuring plan (refer to Note 15, "Restructuring Plan" of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for additional information) and the disposition of the Hospital Solutions Division in October 2015.
Research and Development Costs, net
The following table presents our consolidated net research and development costs, capitalized software costs, and gross expenditures prior to capitalization, for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Gross expenditures$20,663
 $21,033
 $41,835
 $41,753
$25,237
 $21,172
Capitalized software costs(2,371) (3,052) (5,319) (6,687)(5,248) (2,948)
Research and development costs, net$18,292
 $17,981
 $36,516
 $35,066
$19,989
 $18,224
          
Research and development costs, as a percentage of revenue14.4% 14.3% 14.6% 14.2%15.3% 14.9%
Capitalized software costs as a percentage of gross expenditures11.5% 14.5% 12.7% 16.0%20.8% 13.9%
Gross research and development expenditures, including costs expensed and costs capitalized, consist of compensation expense, including share-based compensation for research and development personnel, certain third-party consultant fees, software maintenance costs, and other costs related to new product development and enhancement to our existing products. We intend to continue to invest heavily in research and development expenses as we continue to bring additional functionality and features to the medical community and develop a new integrated inpatient and outpatient, web-based software platform.
The capitalization of software development costs results in a reduction to our reported net research and development costs. Our software capitalization rate, or capitalized software costs as a percentage of gross expenditures, has varied historically and may continue to vary based on the nature and status of specific projects and initiatives in progress. Although changes in software capitalization rates have no impact on our overall cash flows, it results in fluctuations in the amount of software development costs being expensed up front and the amount of net research and development costs reported in our consolidated statement of net income and comprehensive income.
Share-based compensation expense included in research and development costs was $0.3 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and is included in the amounts above. Share-based compensation expense included in research and development costs was $0.4 million and $0.2$0.1 million for the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, and is included in the amounts in the table above.
Net research and development costs for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 increased $0.3$1.8 million compared to the prior year, period primarilywhich as due to a result of a $0.7$4.1 million decline in capitalized software costs, offset by a $0.4 million declineincrease in our gross expenditures. Net research and development costs for the six months ended September 30, 2016 increased $1.5expenditures, offset by $2.3 million compared to the prior year period primarily as a resulthigher capitalization of a $1.4 million decline in capitalized software costs. The acquisition of HealthFusion contributed $0.9 million and $1.5 million of net research and development costs for the three and six months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. Such increase was partially offset by lowerin both gross expenditures fromand capitalization of software costs are related to the discontinuationdevelopment of the NextGen Now development project during the fourth quarternext major versions of fiscal 2016our core software products and lower personnel costs associated with the restructuring plan.
The reduction in capitalized software costs for the three and six months ended September 30, 2016 is dueenhancements to a decline in the rate of theour existing products. Our software capitalization comparedrate fluctuates due to the prior year periods, which reflects differences in the nature and status of our projects and initiatives during a given period thatyear, which affects the amount of development costs that may be capitalized and the discontinuation of the NextGen Now development project.


capitalized.
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets
The following table presents our amortization of acquired intangible assets for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
Amortization of acquired intangible assets$2,617
 $898
 $5,321
 $1,795
 Three Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016
Amortization of acquired intangible assets$2,047
 $2,704
Amortization of acquired intangible assets included in operating expense consist of the amortization related to our customer relationships, trade name, and contracts intangible assets acquired as part of our business combinations. Refer to Note 5, "Intangible Assets" of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for an estimate of future expected amortization.
Amortization of acquired intangible assets for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 increased $1.7 million and $3.5 million, respectively,2017 declined compared to the prior year periodsthree months ended June 30, 2016 is due to additional amortization of the customer relationships and trade namecertain acquired intangible assets related tobeing fully amortized during the acquisition of HealthFusion. Refer to Note 5, "Business Combinations" of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for additional information.year, partially offset by the incremental amortization associate with intangible assets acquired from Entrada.
Restructuring Costs
During the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, we recorded $0.7$3.8 million and $4.5 million, respectively, of restructuring costs within operating expenses in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The restructuring costs resulted from a restructuring plan that we announced in April 2016, whereby we reduced our domestic headcount by approximately 150 employees, or approximately six percent of our U.S.-based workforce, and such costs consist primarily of payroll-related costs, such as severance, outplacement costs, and continuing


healthcare coverage, associated with the involuntary separation of employees pursuant to a one-time benefit arrangement. As of September 30, 2016, we had a remaining liability of $0.7 million related to our restructuring costs, nearly all of which we expect to settle in the third quarter of fiscal 2017. The restructuring plan is expected to bewas substantially complete by the end of fiscal 2017.
The2017, and thus we did not incur additional restructuring is part of a three-phase plan initiated in fiscal year 2016 that was intended to better position our organization for future success. Incosts during the first phase, we restructured the organization to more effectively support the execution of our strategy. We believe that the restructuring will reduce our costs and improve our financial performance. As we begin phase two of our reorganization, we will continue to build our infrastructure and enhance our healthcare information technology capabilities to drive future revenue growth. The third phase of the plan will consist of developing and marketing the services and solutions that we believe will accelerate revenue growth.
The overall plan also includes a multi-year initiative, called NextGen 2.0, to merge our business units into a single, streamlined, functional-based organization structure and to realign our organizational structure by consolidating the sales, marketing, information services, and software development responsibilities into single, company-wide roles in order to achieve greater efficiency.
Refer to Note 15, "Restructuring Plan" of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for additional information.three months ended June 30, 2017.
Interest and Other Income and Expense
The following table presents our interest expense for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Interest income$1
 $44
 $9
 $346
$9
 $8
Interest expense(803) (3) (1,816) (3)(677) (1,013)
Other expense, net(55) (54) (142) (104)(22) (87)
Interest income relates primarily to our marketable securities. Interest expense relates to our revolving credit agreement that was entered into in January 2016 and the related amortization of deferred debt issuance costs. Refer to Note 7, “Line of Credit” of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for additional information. Other expense and income relates primarily to net realized gains and losses on our marketable securities.


Interest expense for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 increased $0.82017 decreased $0.3 million and $1.8 million, respectively, compared to the prior year. The increasedecrease in interest expense is primarily related to the interest expense associated with lower average outstanding balances under our revolving credit agreement andin the amortization of deferred debt issuance costs.current year compared to prior year. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we had $48.0$45.0 million in outstanding loans under the revolving credit agreement.
All other fluctuations in interest and other income and expense are not deemed significant.
Provision for (Benefit of) Income Taxes
The following table presents our provision for (benefit of) income taxes for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Provision for income taxes$1,925
 $4,168
 $1,608
 $7,092
Provision for (benefit of) income taxes$2,154
 $(317)
Effective tax rate32.6% 33.4% 32.5% 32.6%35.6% 32.9%
The effective rate for the threeThree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 decreased2017 increased compared to the prior year period primarily due to lower qualifying production activity deductions and other discrete adjustments, offset by the impact of the federal and state research and development creditshare-based compensation shortfall expense in the current period. The effective rate for the six months ended September 30, 2016 remained consistent with the prior year period, because the favorable impact of the federal and state research and development credit was substantially offset by lower qualifying production activity deductionsa favorable benefit in current period of state taxes and other discrete adjustments.exclusion of certain non-deductible acquisition-related costs.
Net Income (Loss)
The following table presents our net income (loss) (in thousands) and net income (loss) per share and for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 2015:2016:
Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016
Net income$3,987
 $8,315
 $3,340
 $14,677
Net income per share:       
Net income (loss)$3,896
 $(647)
Net income (loss) per share:   
Basic$0.06
 $0.14
 $0.05
 $0.24
$0.06
 $(0.01)
Diluted$0.06
 $0.14
 $0.05
 $0.24
$0.06
 $(0.01)
As a result of the foregoing changes in revenue and expense, net income for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 decreased $4.32017 increased $4.5 million and $11.3 million, respectively, compared to the prior year period.
Operating Segment Information
Effective July 1, 2016, we revised our reportable operating segments. As part of our ongoing reorganization efforts, we refined the measurement of our segment data to better reflect our current internal organizational structure whereby certain functions that formerly existed within each individual operating segment have changed. Our operating segments now consist of the Software and Related Solutions segment and the RCM and Related Services segment, which is consistent with the disaggregated financial information used and evaluated by our chief operating decision maker (consisting of our Chief Executive Officer) to assess performance and make decisions about the allocation of resources. Revenue and gross profit are the key measures of segment profitability used by our chief operating decision maker to measure segment operating performance and to make key business decisions. The revenues and gross profit of each segment are derived from distinct product and services within each segment. The Software and Related Solutions segment aggregates the revenues and gross profit of our software-related products and services, including software license and hardware, software-related subscription services, support and maintenance, EDI and data services, and certain professional services, such as implementation, training, and consulting. The RCM and Related Services segment aggregates the revenues and gross profit of our RCM services and certain related ancillary service offerings.


Operating segment data for the three and six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 is summarized in the table below. Prior period data has been retroactively reclassified to present all segment information on a comparable basis. The change in reportable segments has no impact to consolidated revenues and consolidated cost of revenue, nor does it affect our presentation of revenue and cost of revenue on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
 Three Months Ended September 30, Six Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
Revenue:       
Software and Related Solutions$105,475
 $100,536
 $205,896
 $197,856
RCM and Related Services21,691
 21,652
 43,475
 42,827
Hospital Solutions(1)

 3,181
 
 6,850
Consolidated revenue$127,166
 $125,369
 $249,371
 $247,533
        
Gross profit:       
Software and Related Solutions$69,615
 $64,605
 $133,162
 $126,033
RCM and Related Services7,017
 6,645
 14,260
 13,023
Hospital Solutions(1)

 915
 
 2,638
Unallocated cost of revenue(2)
(5,463) (3,394) (10,863) (6,736)
Consolidated gross profit$71,169
 $68,771
 $136,559
 $134,958

(1) The former Hospital Solutions Division was divested in October 2015 and therefore, does not represent a distinct operating segment. Historical amounts for Hospital Solutions have not been revised.
(2) Consists of amortization of acquired software technology and amortization of capitalized software costs not allocated to the operating segments for the purposes of measuring performance.
Software and Related Solutions
Software and Related Solutions revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2016 increased $4.9 million and gross profit increased $5.0 million compared to the prior year period. Software and Related Solutions revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2016 increased $8.0 million and gross profit increased $7.1 million compared to the prior year period.
The increase in revenues was driven by an increase in our software related subscription services attributed mostly to the acquisition of HealthFusion in January 2016 and an increase in EDI revenue from the addition of new clients and further penetration of our existing client base. Such increases in revenue were partially offset by a decline in software license and hardware and professional services revenue, resulting from of a shift in market dynamics toward cloud-based solutions and away from perpetual license arrangements, resulting in lower client demand for our core software products and related support and maintenance, implementation, training, and consulting services. The increase in gross profit is due primarily to the aforementioned increases in revenue.
Our goals for Software and Related Solutions include further enhancement of our existing products, including expansion of our software and service offerings that support pay-for-performance initiatives around accountable care organizations, bringing greater ease of use and intuitiveness to our software products, enhancing our managed cloud and hosting services to lower our clients' total cost of ownership, expanding our interoperability and enterprise analytics capabilities, and further development and enhancements of our portfolio of specialty focused templates within our electronic health records software. We intend to remain at the forefront of upcoming new regulatory requirements, including meaningful use requirements for stimulus payments and recent healthcare reform that is driving the transition towards pay-for-performance, value-based reimbursement models. We believe that the expanded requirements for continued eligibility for incentive payments under meaningful use rules will result in an expanded replacement market for electronic health records software. We also intend to continue selling additional software and services to existing clients, expanding penetration of connectivity and other services to new and existing clients, and capitalizing on growth and cross selling opportunities within RCM and Related Services. Our acquisition of HealthFusion will allow us expand our client base and cloud-based solution capabilities in the ambulatory market and meet the needs of practices of increasing size and complexity. Our acquisitions of Mirth and Gennius improve our competitiveness in the markets and provide new clients and expanded markets for Software and Related Solutions and also support our strategy to focus on accountable care organizations around interoperability, patient engagements, population health and collaborative care management, and enterprise analytics. We believe we are well-positioned within the evolving healthcare market to deliver products and services that address the growing importance of quality collaborative care and shift from fee-for-service to value-based, pay-for-performance care.


We believe that our operating results are attributed to a strong brand name and reputation within the marketplace for healthcare information technology software and services and investments in sales and marketing activities, including new marketing campaigns, Internet advertising investments, tradeshow attendance and other expanded advertising and marketing expenditures.
RCM and Related Services
RCM and Related Services revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2016 remained consistent with the prior year period while gross profit increased $0.4 million compared to the prior year period. RCM and Related Services revenue for the six months ended September 30, 2016 increased $0.6 million and gross profit increased $1.2 million compared to the prior year period. The increase in RCM revenue was due to the addition of new clients, further penetration of our existing client base, and additional cross-sell of newer products. The increase in gross profit reflects the increase in revenues and improved profit margin due to a reduction in employee related costs.
We believe that a significant opportunity exists to continue cross selling RCM services to our existing clients. The portion of existing NextGen clients who are using RCM services is less than 10%. We are actively pursuing efforts to achieve faster growth from expanded efforts to leverage our existing sales force towards selling RCM services. We also believe that ongoing increases in the complexity of medical billing and collections processes, including the migration to value-based reimbursement models, will create additional opportunities for RCM and Related Services.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The following table presents selected financial statistics and information for the sixthree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 (in thousands):
 Six Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities26,246
 110,777
Unused portion of revolving credit agreement(1)
202,000
 
Total liquidity228,246
 110,777
    
Net income3,340
 14,677
Net cash provided by operating activities$56,385
 $13,886
 Three Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016
Cash and cash equivalents$23,337
 $26,349
Unused portion of revolving credit agreement (1)
205,000
 162,000
Total liquidity$228,337
 $188,349
    
Net income (loss)$3,896
 $(647)
Net cash provided by operating activities$12,794
 $12,933
_________________________
(1) As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we had our outstanding loans of $48.0$45.0 million under our $250.0 million revolving credit agreement.
Cash FlowsOur principal sources of liquidity are our cash generated from Operating Activities
The following table summarizes our consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands):
 Six Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015
Net income3,340
 14,677
Non-cash expenses34,097
 16,990
Cash from net income, as adjusted37,437
 31,667
    
Change in deferred revenue(5,572) (8,846)
Change in accounts receivable13,649
 8,313
Change in other assets and liabilities10,871
 (17,248)
Net cash provided by operating activities56,385
 13,886
For the six months ended September 30, 2016, cash provided by operating activities increased $42.5 million compared to the prior year period primarily due to a $29.7 million increase in cash flows from changes in income taxes, $17.1 million increase in non-cash expenses, $8.6 million increase from changes in working capital accounts, offset by $11.3 million higher net income in the prior year period. The increase in non-cash expenses was primarily the result of higher amortization of intangibles associated with the acquisition of HealthFusion and changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities.


Cash provided by operating activities has historically been, and is expected to continue to be, our primary source of cash,operations, driven mostly by our net income and working capital management.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Netmanagement, our cash used in investing activities for the six months ended September 30, 2016 was $1.0 million compared with $13.3 million in the prior year period. The $12.3 million decrease in netand cash used in investing activities is primarily due to $9.3 million of cash proceeds from the sales of marketable securities in the six months ended September 30, 2016 compared to $0.6 million of net purchases in the prior year, a $1.4 million decrease in additions to capitalized software,equivalents, and a $1.0 million decrease in additions to equipment and improvements.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for the six months ended September 30, 2016 was $56.3 million compared with $20.9 million in the prior year period. The increase in cash used in financing activities relates to $57.0 million of principal repayments on our revolving line of credit partially offset by $21.4 million in dividends paid to shareholders during the prior year period.agreement.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, our cash and cash equivalents balance of $26.2$23.3 million reflects a $10.3$14.3 million decrease compared to $36.5$37.7 million of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities as of March 31, 2016.2017. This decrease primarily reflects $57.0$33.9 million paid for the acquisition of principal repayments on our revolving line of credit, offset by an increaseEntrada in cash provided by operating activities, as noted above,April 2017 and payment of dividends$18.8 million in May 2017 to settle the prior year period.
In January 2016, we entered into a $250.0contingent consideration liability related to the acquisition of HealthFusion, partially offset by $30.0 million of additional borrowings under our revolving credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, U.S. Bank National Association, as syndication agent, and certain other lenders.agreement. Our outstanding loans under the Credit Agreementour revolving credit agreement was $48.0$45.0 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017.
We may continue to use a portion of our funds as well as available financing from the Credit Agreementour revolving credit agreement for future acquisitions or other similar business activities, although the specific timing and amount of funds to be used is not currently determinable. Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash and cash equivalents, the Credit Agreement, as well as our cash generated from operations. We intend to expend some of our available funds for the development of products complementary to our existing product line as well as new versions of certain of our products. These developments are intended to take advantage of more powerful technologies and to increase the integration of our products.
Our investment policy is determined by our Board of Directors. We currently maintain ourExcess cash, if any, may be invested in very liquid short term assets including tax exempt and taxable money market funds, certificates of deposit and short term municipal bonds with average maturities of 365 days or less at the time of purchase. Our Board of Directors continues to review alternate uses for our cash including an expansion of our investment policy and other items. Any or all of these programs could significantly impact our investment income in future periods.
We believe that our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities on hand at SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, together with our cash flows from operations and liquidity provided by the Credit Agreement,our revolving credit agreement, will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure requirements for the next twelve months.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
The following table summarizes our consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016
Net income (loss)$3,896
 $(647)
Non-cash expenses14,350
 17,039
Cash from net income, as adjusted$18,246
 $16,392
    
Change in other assets and liabilities(5,452) (3,459)
Net cash provided by operating activities$12,794
 $12,933


For the three months ended June 30, 2017, cash provided by operating activities decreased $0.1 million compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher net income as adjusted to exclude non-cash expenses, which was partially offset by higher cash used related to changes in other assets and liabilities.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $41.6 million compared with $2.9 million of cash provided by investing activities in the prior year period. The increase in net cash used in investing activities is primarily due to $33.9 million paid for the acquisition of Entrada, $9.3 million lower proceeds from sales of marketable securities, and $2.3 million increase in additions to capitalized software costs associated with the development of new products and enhancement of existing products.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $14.4 million compared with $16.6 million cash used by financing activities in the prior year period. The increase in cash provided in financing activities relates to $30.0 million of additional borrowings under our revolving credit agreement in current year period compared to $17.0 million in principal repayments during the prior year period.
Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our significant contractual obligations at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and the effect that such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash in future periods (in thousands):
 For the year ended March 31, For the year ended March 31,
Contractual ObligationsTotal2017 (remaining six months)20182019202020212022 and beyondTotal2018 (remaining nine months)20192020202120222023 and beyond
Operating lease obligations (1)
$71,661
$5,143
$10,663
$9,697
$8,787
$8,775
$28,596
$60,196
$6,456
$8,767
$8,445
$8,416
$8,125
$19,987
Line of credit obligations48,000




48,000

Contingent consideration and other acquisition related liabilities20,600
20,600





Remaining lease obligations for vacated properties (1)
6,307
2,195
1,413
794
816
551
538
Line of credit obligations (Note 7)45,000



45,000


Purchase commitments (2)
$3,488
$938
$1,250
$1,300
$
$
$
Total$140,261
$25,743
$10,663
$9,697
$8,787
$56,775
$28,596
$114,991
$9,589
$11,430
$10,539
$54,232
$8,676
$20,525
_________________________
(1) OperatingRemaining lease obligations for vacated properties relates to remaining lease obligations at certain locations, including Austin, Solana Beach, Costa Mesa, and a portion of Horsham, that we have vacated and are actively marketing the locations for sublease as part of our reorganization efforts. Total obligations have not been reduced by projected sublease rentals or by minimum sublease rentals of $2.1$1.4 million due in future periods under our non-cancelable subleases.
(2)Purchase commitments relates to payments due under certain non-cancelable agreements to purchase goods and services.
The deferred compensation liability as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 was $6.8$6.4 million, which is not included in the table above as the timing of future benefit payments to employees is not determinable.
The uncertain tax position liability as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 was $4.0$5.1 million, which is not included in the table above as the timing of expected payments is not determinable.
New Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for a discussion of new accounting standards.



ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we were subject to minimal market risk on our cash and cash equivalents as we maintained our balances in very liquid money market funds and short-term U.S. Treasury securities with maturities of 90 days or less at the time of purchase.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we had $48.0$45.0 million in outstanding loans under our revolving credit agreement. The revolving loans under the agreement bear interest at our option of either, (a) a base rate based on the highest of (i) the rate of interest per annum publicly announced from time to time by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as its prime rate, (ii) the greater of (A) the federal funds effective rate and (B) the overnight bank funding rate (as determined by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York) plus 0.50% and (iii) the one-month British Bankers Association London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") plus 1.00%) plus an applicable margin based on our leverage ratio from time to time, ranging from 0.50% to 1.50%, or (b) a LIBOR-based rate (subject to a floor of 0.00%) plus an applicable margin based on our leverage ratio from time to time, ranging from 1.50% to 2.50%. Accordingly, we are exposed to interest rate risk, primarily changes in LIBOR, due to our loans under the revolving credit agreement. A one hundred basis point (1.00%) change in the interest rate on our outstanding loans as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 would result in a corresponding change in our annual interest expense of approximately $0.5 million. Refer to Note 7, “Line of Credit” of our notes to consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Report for additional information.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we had international operations that exposed us to the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar. However, the impact of foreign currency fluctuations has not been material to our financial position or operating results.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer (our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, respectively) have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Security Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the "Exchange Act") as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Evaluation Date”). They have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, these disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries would be made known to them by others within those entities and would be disclosed on a timely basis. The Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed, and are effective, to give reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. They have also concluded that the our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that are filed or submitted under the Exchange Act are accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, there were no changes in our “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
Hussein Litigation
On October 7, 2013, a complaint was filed against our Company and certain of our officers and directors in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Orange, captioned Ahmed D. Hussein v. Sheldon Razin, Steven Plochocki, Quality Systems, Inc. and Does 1-10, inclusive, No. 30-2013-00679600-CU-NP-CJC, by Ahmed Hussein, a former director and significant shareholder of our Company.  We filed a demurrer to the complaint, which the Court granted on April 10, 2014. An amended complaint was filed on April 25, 2014. The amended complaint generally alleges fraud and deceit, constructive fraud, negligent misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary duty in connection with statements made to our shareholders regarding our financial condition and projected future performance. The amended complaint seeks actual damages, exemplary and punitive damages and costs. We filed a demurrer to the amended complaint. On July 29, 2014, the Court sustained the demurrer with respect to the breach of fiduciary duty claim, and overruled the demurrer with respect to the fraud and deceit claims. On August 28, 2014, we filed an answer and also filed a cross-complaint against the plaintiff, alleging that the plaintiff breached fiduciary duties owed to the Company, Mr. Razin and Mr. Plochocki. Mr. Razin and Mr. Plochocki have dismissed their claims against Hussein, leaving QSI as the sole plaintiff in the cross-complaint. On June 26, 2015, we filed a motion for summary judgment, which the Court granted on September 16, 2015, dismissing all claims against us. On September 23, 2015, the plaintiff filed an application for reconsideration of the Court’sCourt's summary judgment order, which the Court denied. On October 28, 2015, the plaintiff filed a motion for summary judgment, seeking to dismiss our cross-complaint, which the Court denied on March 3, 2016. On May 9, 2016, the plaintiff filed a motion for summary adjudication, seeking to again dismiss our cross-complaint, which the Court denied on August 5, 2016. On August 5, 2016, the plaintiff filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings, seeking to again dismiss our cross-complaint, which the Court denied on September 2, 2016. Trial is seton our cross-complaint began June 12, 2017. On July 26, 2017, the Court issued a statement of decision granting Hussein’s motion for April 10, 2017judgment on QSI’sour cross-complaint. We believe the Court’s decision on our cross-complaint was erroneous and we are evaluating a potential appeal. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.
Federal Securities Class Action
On November 19, 2013, a putative class action complaint was filed on behalf of the shareholders of our Company other than the defendants against us and certain of our officers and directors in the United States District Court for the Central District of California by one of our shareholders. After the Court appointed lead plaintiffs and lead counsel for this action, and recaptioned the action In re Quality Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation, No. 8L13-cv-01818-CJC(JPRx), lead plaintiffs filed an amended complaint on April 7, 2014. The amended complaint, which is substantially similar to the litigation described above under the caption “Hussein Litigation,” generally alleges that statements made to our shareholders regarding our financial condition and projected future performance were false and misleading in violation of Section 10(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and that the individual defendants are liable for such statements because they are controlling persons under Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act. The complaint seeks compensatory damages, court costs and attorneys' fees. We filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint on June 20, 2014, which the Court granted on October 20, 2014, dismissing the complaint with prejudice. Plaintiffs filed a motion for reconsideration of the Court's order, which the Court denied on January 5, 2015. On January 30, 2015, Plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, captioned In re Quality Systems, Inc. Securities Litigation, No. 15-55173. Plaintiffs filed their opening brief and we answered. Oral argument is set forwas held on December 5, 2016. On July 28, 2017, the Ninth Circuit issued a decision reversing and remanding the District Court's order on our motion to dismiss. We believe that the plaintiffs’plaintiffs' claims are without merit and continue to defend against them vigorously.vigorously, including by evaluating potential challenges to the Ninth Circuit decision. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.
Shareholder Derivative Litigation
On January 24, 2014, a complaint was filed against our Company and certain of our officers and current and former directors in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, captioned Timothy J. Foss, derivatively on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, vs. Craig A. Barbarosh, George H. Bristol, James C. Malone, Peter M. Neupert, Morris Panner, D. Russell Pflueger, Steven T. Plochocki, Sheldon Razin, Lance E. Rosenzweig and Quality Systems, Inc., No. SACV14-00110-DOC-JPPx, by Timothy J. Foss, a shareholder of ours. The complaint arises from the same allegations described above under the captions “Hussein Litigation” and “Federal Securities Class Action” and generally alleges breach of fiduciary duties, abuse of control and gross mismanagement by our directors, in addition to unjust enrichment and insider selling by individual directors. The complaint seeks compensatory damages, restitution and disgorgement of all profits, court costs, attorneys’ fees and implementation of enhanced corporate governance procedures. The parties have agreed to stay this litigation until the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit issues a ruling on the pending appeal described above under the caption “Federal Securities Class Action”.Action,” and will meet and confer to discuss process going forward. We believe that the plaintiff’s claims are without merit and intend to defend against them vigorously. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.



In addition to the above, we have experienced legal claims by customers regarding product and contract disputes and from time to time, claims by other third parties asserting that we have infringed their intellectual property rights. We believe that these claims, including those filed by Mr. Hussein, the Deerfield Beach Police Pension Fund and the shareholder derivative action, are without merit and intend to defend against them vigorously; however, we could incur substantial costs and diversion of management resources even if we are ultimately successful in the defense of such claims. Litigation is inherently uncertain and always difficult to predict. We refer you to the discussion of infringement and litigation risks in our “Item 1A. Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report.
Other Regulatory Matters
In April 2017, we received a request for documents and information from the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Vermont pursuant to a Civil Investigative Demand (“CID”). The CID relates to an investigation concerning the certification we obtained for our software under the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Electronic Health Record Incentive Program. Given the highly-regulated nature of our industry, we may, from time to time, be subject to subpoenas, requests for information, or investigations from various government agencies. It is our practice to respond to such matters in a cooperative, thorough and timely manner. We are currently responding to this CID and intend to cooperate fully with the government. Requests and investigations of this nature may lead to the assertion of claims or the commencement of legal proceedings against us, as well as other material liabilities.  In addition, our responses to the CID require time and effort, which can result in additional cost to us. At this time, we are unable to estimate the probability or the amount of liability, if any, related to this claim.








ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Our business is subject to many risks and uncertainties, which may materially and adversely affect our future business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations. These risk factors are disclosed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.
None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.
None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not Applicable

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.
None.



ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.
Exhibit NumberExhibit DescriptionFiled Herewith
  
10.1
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated April 11, 2017, by and among Quality Systems, Inc., Entrada, Inc., Engage Merger Sub, Inc. and FCA Venture Partners V, LP, as the Company Stockholders’ Representative (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 of the registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 12, 2017).

 
31.1Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.X
31.2Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required by Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.X
32.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.X
101.INS**XBRL Instance 
101.SCH**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 
101.CAL**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation 
101.DEF**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition 
101.LAB**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label 
101.PRE**XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation 
**    XBRL information is furnished and not filed or a part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of section 11 or 12 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1933, as amended, is deemed not filed for purposes of section 18 of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise is not subject to liability under these section.



SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

  QUALITY SYSTEMS, INC.
Date:October 27, 2016August 1, 2017By: /s/ John R. Frantz
   John R. Frantz
   Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
    
Date:October 27, 2016August 1, 2017By: /s/ James R. Arnold
   James R. Arnold
   Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
Date:October 27, 2016By: /s/ John K. Stumpf
John K. Stumpf
Principal Accounting Officer






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