UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 0-12507

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


New York						22-2448962
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

250 Glen Street

Glens Falls

New York

12801

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:

518

745-1000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, Par Value $1.00 per share	AROW	NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☑ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☑ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☑
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standard provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. __			☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☑ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Class						Outstanding as of ~~October 31, 2022~~July 21, 2023
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share						~~16,528,659~~16,553,058

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)

(Unaudited)


		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2022
ASSETS	ASSETS							ASSETS
Cash and Due From Banks	Cash and Due From Banks	$	44,872	$	26,978	$	49,430	Cash and Due From Banks	$	25,107	$	31,886	$	38,964
Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks		328,557		430,718		548,936
Interest Bearing Deposits at Banks								Interest Bearing Deposits at Banks	178,365		32,774		448,614
Investment Securities:	Investment Securities:							Investment Securities:
Available-for-Sale at Fair Value	Available-for-Sale at Fair Value	575,054		559,316		486,900		Available-for-Sale at Fair Value	565,693		573,495		582,428
Held-to-Maturity (Fair Value of $175,800 at September 30, 2022; $201,292 at December 31, 2021; and $203,936 at September 30, 2021)		182,178		196,566		198,337
Held-to-Maturity (Fair Value of $164,439 at March 31, 2023; $171,623 at December 31, 2022; and $195,862 at March 31, 2022)								Held-to-Maturity (Fair Value of $164,439 at March 31, 2023; $171,623 at December 31, 2022; and $195,862 at March 31, 2022)	167,347		175,364		196,661
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	2,126		1,747		1,886		Equity Securities	2,070		2,174		1,877
FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	4,720		5,380		5,380		FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	10,027		6,064		4,491
Loans	Loans	2,924,794		2,667,941		2,654,751		Loans	3,005,352		2,983,207		2,737,267
Allowance for Credit Losses	Allowance for Credit Losses	(29,232)		(27,281)		(26,956)		Allowance for Credit Losses	(30,784)		(29,952)		(27,661)
Net Loans	Net Loans	2,895,562		2,640,660		2,627,795		Net Loans	2,974,568		2,953,255		2,709,606
Premises and Equipment, Net	Premises and Equipment, Net	54,015		46,217		44,003		Premises and Equipment, Net	58,233		56,491		48,481
Goodwill	Goodwill	21,873		21,873		21,873		Goodwill	21,873		21,873		21,873
Other Intangible Assets, Net	Other Intangible Assets, Net	1,604		1,918		2,006		Other Intangible Assets, Net	1,400		1,500		1,818
Other Assets	Other Assets	122,217		96,579		84,558		Other Assets	109,947		114,633		101,589
Total Assets	Total Assets	$	4,232,778	$	4,027,952	$	4,071,104	Total Assets	$	4,114,630	$	3,969,509	$	4,156,402
LIABILITIES	LIABILITIES							LIABILITIES
Noninterest-Bearing Deposits		$	910,221	$	810,274	$	841,910
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts		1,113,850		994,391		1,035,358
Non-interest Bearing Deposits								Non-interest Bearing Deposits	$	788,690	$	836,871	$	813,066
Interest Bearing Checking Accounts								Interest Bearing Checking Accounts	958,490		997,694		1,154,068
Savings Deposits	Savings Deposits	1,584,373		1,531,287		1,515,692		Savings Deposits	1,497,326		1,454,364		1,571,274
Time Deposits over $250,000	Time Deposits over $250,000	59,059		82,811		73,889		Time Deposits over $250,000	122,827		76,224		48,288
Other Time Deposits	Other Time Deposits	127,602		131,734		138,714		Other Time Deposits	179,016		133,211		128,677
Total Deposits	Total Deposits	3,795,105		3,550,497		3,605,563		Total Deposits	3,546,349		3,498,364		3,715,373
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase		—		—		2,426

Federal Home Loan Bank Overnight Advances								Federal Home Loan Bank Overnight Advances	35,000		27,000		—
Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	25,000		45,000		45,000		Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	107,800		27,800		25,000
Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		20,000		Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		20,000
Finance Leases	Finance Leases	5,131		5,169		5,181		Finance Leases	5,106		5,119		5,156
Other Liabilities	Other Liabilities	41,992		36,100		32,763		Other Liabilities	37,004		37,688		33,630
Total Liabilities	Total Liabilities	3,887,228		3,656,766		3,710,933		Total Liabilities	3,751,259		3,615,971		3,799,159
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY							STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Preferred Stock, $1 Par Value and 1,000,000 Shares Authorized at September 30, 2022, December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021		—		—		—
Common Stock, $1 Par Value; 30,000,000 Shares Authorized (21,423,992 Shares Issued at September 30, 2022 and 20,800,144 at December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021)		21,424		20,800		20,800
Preferred Stock, $1 Par Value and 1,000,000 Shares Authorized at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022								Preferred Stock, $1 Par Value and 1,000,000 Shares Authorized at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022	—		—		—
Common Stock, $1 Par Value; 30,000,000 Shares Authorized (21,423,992 Shares Issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and 20,800,144 at March 31, 2022)								Common Stock, $1 Par Value; 30,000,000 Shares Authorized (21,423,992 Shares Issued at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and 20,800,144 at March 31, 2022)	21,424		21,424		20,800
Additional Paid-in Capital	Additional Paid-in Capital	399,461		377,996		377,349		Additional Paid-in Capital	400,944		400,270		378,758
Retained Earnings	Retained Earnings	57,778		54,078		47,936		Retained Earnings	69,499		65,401		62,328

Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		(49,070)		347		(3,719)
Treasury Stock, at Cost (4,900,975 Shares at September 30, 2022; 4,759,414 Shares at December 31, 2021 and 4,780,496 Shares at September 30, 2021)		(84,043)		(82,035)		(82,195)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss								Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss	(43,983)		(49,655)		(20,797)
Treasury Stock, at Cost (4,870,935 Shares at March 31, 2023; 4,872,355 Shares at December 31, 2022 and 4,787,183 Shares at March 31, 2022)								Treasury Stock, at Cost (4,870,935 Shares at March 31, 2023; 4,872,355 Shares at December 31, 2022 and 4,787,183 Shares at March 31, 2022)	(84,513)		(83,902)		(83,846)
Total Stockholders’ Equity	Total Stockholders’ Equity	345,550		371,186		360,171		Total Stockholders’ Equity	363,371		353,538		357,243
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	4,232,778	$	4,027,952	$	4,071,104	Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	4,114,630	$	3,969,509	$	4,156,402

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022
INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME	INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME									INTEREST AND DIVIDEND INCOME
Interest and Fees on Loans	Interest and Fees on Loans	$	29,618	$	27,157	$	82,263	$	79,354	Interest and Fees on Loans	$	31,886	$	25,739
Interest on Deposits at Banks	Interest on Deposits at Banks	1,201		163		1,826		351		Interest on Deposits at Banks	479		198
Interest and Dividends on Investment Securities:	Interest and Dividends on Investment Securities:									Interest and Dividends on Investment Securities:
Fully Taxable	Fully Taxable	2,603		1,632		7,236		4,809		Fully Taxable	2,948		2,189
Exempt from Federal Taxes	Exempt from Federal Taxes	785		855		2,422		2,682		Exempt from Federal Taxes	797		821
Total Interest and Dividend Income	Total Interest and Dividend Income	34,207		29,807		93,747		87,196		Total Interest and Dividend Income	36,110		28,947
INTEREST EXPENSE	INTEREST EXPENSE									INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts		267		155		629		566
Interest Bearing Checking Accounts										Interest Bearing Checking Accounts	370		163
Savings Deposits	Savings Deposits	2,469		424		3,778		1,490		Savings Deposits	5,587		417
Time Deposits over $250,000	Time Deposits over $250,000	89		39		143		228		Time Deposits over $250,000	574		28
Other Time Deposits	Other Time Deposits	150		133		370		511		Other Time Deposits	474		109
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase		—		—		—		3

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances	Federal Home Loan Bank Advances	110		197		405		586		Federal Home Loan Bank Advances	793		187
Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	173		173		513		513		Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	169		169
Interest on Financing Leases	Interest on Financing Leases	48		48		145		146		Interest on Financing Leases	49		49
Total Interest Expense	Total Interest Expense	3,306		1,169		5,983		4,043		Total Interest Expense	8,016		1,122
NET INTEREST INCOME	NET INTEREST INCOME	30,901		28,638		87,764		83,153		NET INTEREST INCOME	28,094		27,825
Provision for Credit Losses	Provision for Credit Losses	1,715		99		3,389		(286)		Provision for Credit Losses	1,554		769
NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES	NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES	29,186		28,539		84,375		83,439		NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES	26,540		27,056
NONINTEREST INCOME
NON-INTEREST INCOME										NON-INTEREST INCOME
Income From Fiduciary Activities	Income From Fiduciary Activities	2,341		2,571		7,454		7,538		Income From Fiduciary Activities	2,275		2,596
Fees for Other Services to Customers	Fees for Other Services to Customers	3,071		2,966		8,916		8,494		Fees for Other Services to Customers	2,595		2,795
Insurance Commissions	Insurance Commissions	1,650		1,576		4,783		4,842		Insurance Commissions	1,520		1,511
Net Gain (Loss) on Securities		95		(106)		379		250
Net (Loss) Gain on Securities										Net (Loss) Gain on Securities	(104)		130
Net Gain on Sales of Loans	Net Gain on Sales of Loans	18		211		80		2,251		Net Gain on Sales of Loans	4		52
Other Operating Income	Other Operating Income	652		476		2,121		1,405		Other Operating Income	387		1,078
Total Noninterest Income		7,827		7,694		23,733		24,780
NONINTEREST EXPENSE
Total Non-interest Income										Total Non-interest Income	6,677		8,162
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE										NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
Salaries and Employee Benefits	Salaries and Employee Benefits	12,427		11,377		35,400		33,360		Salaries and Employee Benefits	11,947		11,286
Occupancy Expenses, Net	Occupancy Expenses, Net	1,521		1,403		4,721		4,480		Occupancy Expenses, Net	1,628		1,598
Technology and Equipment Expense	Technology and Equipment Expense	4,049		3,833		11,802		11,002		Technology and Equipment Expense	4,417		3,779
FDIC Assessments	FDIC Assessments	295		249		893		764		FDIC Assessments	479		307
Other Operating Expense	Other Operating Expense	3,156		2,561		7,922		7,582		Other Operating Expense	3,825		1,975
Total Noninterest Expense		21,448		19,423		60,738		57,188
Total Non-interest Expense										Total Non-interest Expense	22,296		18,945
INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES	INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES	15,565		16,810		47,370		51,031		INCOME BEFORE PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES	10,921		16,273
Provision for Income Taxes	Provision for Income Taxes	3,402		3,821		10,658		11,483		Provision for Income Taxes	2,359		3,698
NET INCOME	NET INCOME	$	12,163	$	12,989	$	36,712	$	39,548	NET INCOME	$	8,562	$	12,575
Average Shares Outstanding 1:	Average Shares Outstanding 1:									Average Shares Outstanding 1:
Basic	Basic	16,512		16,508		16,506		16,495		Basic	16,552		16,511
Diluted	Diluted	16,558		16,568		16,553		16,554		Diluted	16,564		16,566
Per Common Share:	Per Common Share:									Per Common Share:
Basic Earnings	Basic Earnings	$	0.74	$	0.79	$	2.22	$	2.40	Basic Earnings	$	0.52	$	0.76
Diluted Earnings	Diluted Earnings	0.74		0.78		2.22		2.39		Diluted Earnings	0.52		0.76

12022 Share and Per Share Amounts have been restated for the September 23, 2022 3% stock dividend.

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) ~~INCOME~~

(In Thousands)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended September 30 Nine Months Ended September 30
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net Income $ 12,163 $ 12,989 $ 36,712 39,548
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax:
  Net Unrealized Securities Holding Loss
  Arising During the Period (20,801) (1,279) (52,808) (3,969)
  Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge
  Agreements 778 183 2,781 954
  Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash
  Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense 55 (25) 42 (68)
  Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Loss 420 17 441 51
  Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost 42 43 127 129
Other Comprehensive Loss (19,506) (1,061) (49,417) (2,903)
  Comprehensive (Loss) Income $ (7,343) $ 11,928 $ (12,705) $ 36,645


	Three Months Ended March 31:
	2023		2022
Net Income	$	8,562	$	12,575
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax:
Net Unrealized Securities Holding Gain (Loss) Arising During the Period	6,099		(22,296)

Net Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements	(593)		1,125
Reclassification of Net Unrealized Loss (Gain) on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense	147		(21)


Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial (Gain) Loss	(18)		42
Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	37		6
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	5,672		(21,144)
Comprehensive Income (Loss)	$	14,234	$	(8,569)

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)

(Unaudited)

Nine Month Period Ended September 30, 2022
Common
Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital Retained
Earnings Accumu-lated
Other Com-
prehensive
Income (Loss) Treasury
Stock Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 $ 20,800 $ 377,996 $ 54,078 $ 347 $ (82,035) $ 371,186
Net Income — — 36,712 — — 36,712
Other Comprehensive Loss — — — (49,417) — (49,417)
3% Stock Dividend (623,848 Shares) 624 19,408 (20,032) — — —
Cash Dividends Paid, $.786 per Share 1
— — (12,980) — — (12,980)
Stock Options Exercised, Net  (17,284 Shares) — 215 — — 151 366
Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock
  Plan (8,693 Shares)
— 210 — — 75 285
Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock
  Purchase Plan (11,416 Shares)
— 261 — — 100 361
Shares Issued for Dividend
  Reinvestment Plans (43,673 Shares)
— 1,033 — — 387 1,420
Stock-Based Compensation Expense — 338 — — — 338
Purchase of Treasury Stock
  (79,881 Shares)
— — — — (2,721) (2,721)
Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 21,424 $ 399,461 $ 57,778 $ (49,070) $ (84,043) $ 345,550
Three Month Period Ended September 30, 2022
Common
Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital Retained
Earnings Accumu-lated
Other Com-
prehensive
Loss Treasury
Stock Total
Balance at June 30 , 2022 $ 20,800 $ 379,423 $ 69,980 $ (29,564) $ (84,141) $ 356,498
Net Income — — 12,163 — — 12,163
Other Comprehensive Loss — — — (19,506) — (19,506)
3% Stock Dividend (623,848 Shares) 624 19,408 (20,032) — — —
Cash Dividends Paid, $.262 per Share 1
— — (4,333) — — (4,333)
Stock Options Exercised, Net  (1,406 Shares) — 27 — — 13 40
Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock
  Plan (2,923 Shares)
— 67 — — 25 92
Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock
  Purchase Plan (3,855 Shares)
— 85 — — 34 119
Shares Issued for Dividend
  Reinvestment Plans (14,521 Shares)
— 337 — — 134 471
Stock-Based Compensation Expense — 114 — — — 114
Purchase of Treasury Stock
  (3,329 Shares)
— — — — (108) (108)
Balance at September 30, 2022 $ 21,424 $ 399,461 $ 57,778 $ (49,070) $ (84,043) $ 345,550

Nine Month Period Ended September 30, 2021
Common
Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital Retained
Earnings Accumu-lated
Other Com-
prehensive
Loss Treasury
Stock Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 20,194 353,662 41,899 $ (816) $ (80,547) $ 334,392
Cumulative impact of adoption of ASU 2016-13 120 120
Balance at January 1, 2021 as adjusted for impact of adoption of ASU 2016-13 20,194 353,662 42,019 (816) (80,547) 334,512
Net Income — — 39,548 — — 39,548
Other Comprehensive Loss — — — (2,903) — (2,903)
3% Stock Dividend (605,670 Shares) 606 20,896 (21,502) — — —
Cash Dividends Paid, $.735 per Share 1
— — (12,129) — — (12,129)
Stock Options Exercised, Net (52,610 Shares) — 983 — — 470 1,453
Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock
  Plan (8,471 Shares)
— 208 — — 76 284
Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock
  Purchase Plan (11,304 Shares)
— 262 — — 101 363
Shares Issued for Dividend
  Reinvestment Plans (37,841 Shares)
— 1,028 — — 338 1,366
Stock-Based Compensation Expense — 310 — — — 310
Purchase of Treasury Stock
(72,750 Shares)
— — — — (2,633) (2,633)
Balance at September 30, 2021 $ 20,800 $ 377,349 $ 47,936 $ (3,719) $ (82,195) $ 360,171
Three Month Period Ended September 30, 2021
Common
Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital Retained
Earnings Accumu-lated
Other Com-
prehensive
Loss Treasury
Stock Total
Balance at June 30, 2021 $ 20,194 $ 355,195 $ 60,494 $ (2,658) $ (80,192) $ 353,033
Net Income — — 12,989 — — 12,989
Other Comprehensive Income — — — (1,061) — (1,061)
3% Stock Dividend (605,670 Shares) 606 20,896 (21,502) — — —
Cash Dividends Paid, $.245 per Share 1
— — (4,045) — — (4,045)
Stock Options Exercised, Net (30,346 Shares) — 657 — — 271 928
Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock
  Plan (2,627 Shares)
— 71 — — 24 95
Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock
  Purchase Plan (3,387 Shares)
— 87 — — 30 117
Shares Issued for Dividend
  Reinvestment Plans (12,826 Shares)
— 340 — — 115 455
Stock-Based Compensation Expense — 103 — — — 103
Purchase of Treasury Stock
(67,649 Shares)
— — — — (2,443) (2,443)
Balance at September 30, 2021 $ 20,800 $ 377,349 $ 47,936 $ (3,719) $ (82,195) $ 360,171

























	Three Month Period Ended March 31, 2023
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumu-lated Other Com- prehensive Loss		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31 , 2022	$	21,424	$	400,270	$	65,401	$	(49,655)	$	(83,902)	$	353,538


Net Income	—		—		8,562		—		—		8,562
Other Comprehensive Income	—		—		—		5,672		—		5,672



Cash Dividends Paid, $.27 per Share	—		—		(4,464)		—		—		(4,464)
Stock Options Exercised, Net (3,772 Shares)	—		50		—		—		33		83
Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock Plan (3,418 Shares)	—		85		—		—		29		114
Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (3,872 Shares)	—		87		—		—		33		120
Shares Issued for Dividend Reinvestment Plans (17,753 Shares)	—		330		—		—		142		472
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	—		122		—		—		—		122

Purchase of Treasury Stock (27,395 Shares)	—		—		—		—		(848)		(848)



Balance at March 31, 2023	$	21,424	$	400,944	$	69,499	$	(43,983)	$	(84,513)	$	363,371

	Three Month Period Ended March 31, 2022
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumu-lated Other Com- prehensive Loss		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	20,800	377,996		54,078		$	347	$	(82,035)	$	371,186


Net Income	—		—		12,575		—		—		12,575
Other Comprehensive Loss	—		—		—		(21,144)		—		(21,144)



Cash Dividends Paid, $.262 per Share 1	—		—		(4,325)		—		—		(4,325)
Stock Options Exercised, Net (12,145 Shares)	—		135		—		—		106		241
Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock Plan (2,784 Shares)	—		75		—		—		24		99
Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan (3,626 Shares)	—		89		—		—		31		120
Shares Issued for Dividend Reinvestment Plans (13,917 Shares)	—		353		—		—		121		474
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	—		110		—		—		—		110

Purchase of Treasury Stock (60,241 Shares)	—		—		—		—		(2,093)		(2,093)


Balance at March 31, 2022	$	20,800	$	378,758	$	62,328	$	(20,797)	$	(83,846)	$	357,243

1 Cash dividends paid per share have been adjusted for the September 23, 2022 3% stock dividend.

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Dollars in Thousands)


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended March 31,
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:	Cash Flows from Operating Activities:	2022		2021		Cash Flows from Operating Activities:	2023		2022
Net Income	Net Income	$	36,712	$	39,548	Net Income	$	8,562	$	12,575

Provision for Credit Losses	Provision for Credit Losses	3,389		(286)		Provision for Credit Losses	1,554		769
Depreciation and Amortization	Depreciation and Amortization	5,845		5,894		Depreciation and Amortization	1,738		1,945

Net Gain on Securities Transactions		(379)		(250)
Net Loss (Gain) on Securities Transactions						Net Loss (Gain) on Securities Transactions	104		(130)
Loans Originated and Held-for-Sale	Loans Originated and Held-for-Sale	(626)		(45,930)		Loans Originated and Held-for-Sale	239		(974)
Proceeds from the Sale of Loans Held-for-Sale	Proceeds from the Sale of Loans Held-for-Sale	1,377		57,097		Proceeds from the Sale of Loans Held-for-Sale	4		1,349
Net Gain on the Sale of Loans	Net Gain on the Sale of Loans	(80)		(2,251)		Net Gain on the Sale of Loans	(4)		(52)
Net Loss on the Sale of Premises and Equipment, Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	Net Loss on the Sale of Premises and Equipment, Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	136		68		Net Loss on the Sale of Premises and Equipment, Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	37		15
Contributions to Retirement Benefit Plans	Contributions to Retirement Benefit Plans	(478)		(441)		Contributions to Retirement Benefit Plans	(143)		(171)
Deferred Income Tax Benefit		(670)		(35)
Deferred Income Tax Expense (Benefit)						Deferred Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	891		(462)
Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock Plan	Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock Plan	285		284		Shares Issued Under the Directors’ Stock Plan	114		99
Stock-Based Compensation Expense	Stock-Based Compensation Expense	338		310		Stock-Based Compensation Expense	122		110
Tax Benefit from Exercise of Stock Options	Tax Benefit from Exercise of Stock Options	22		69		Tax Benefit from Exercise of Stock Options	11		22
Net Increase in Other Assets		(1,076)		(92)
Net Increase in Other Liabilities		3,415		1,727
Net Decrease in Other Assets						Net Decrease in Other Assets	1,792		4,477
Net Decrease in Other Liabilities						Net Decrease in Other Liabilities	(1,801)		(2,803)
Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities	Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities	48,210		55,712		Net Cash Provided By Operating Activities	13,220		16,769
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:	Cash Flows from Investing Activities:					Cash Flows from Investing Activities:

Proceeds from the Maturities and Calls of Securities Available-for-Sale	Proceeds from the Maturities and Calls of Securities Available-for-Sale	61,620		93,332		Proceeds from the Maturities and Calls of Securities Available-for-Sale	15,669		21,473
Purchases of Securities Available-for-Sale	Purchases of Securities Available-for-Sale	(149,674)		(222,089)		Purchases of Securities Available-for-Sale	—		(75,049)

Proceeds from the Maturities and Calls of Securities Held-to-Maturity	Proceeds from the Maturities and Calls of Securities Held-to-Maturity	24,231		24,266		Proceeds from the Maturities and Calls of Securities Held-to-Maturity	9,328		4,699
Purchases of Securities Held-to-Maturity	Purchases of Securities Held-to-Maturity	(10,293)		(4,695)		Purchases of Securities Held-to-Maturity	(1,448)		(4,950)

Net Increase in Loans	Net Increase in Loans	(260,179)		(70,393)		Net Increase in Loans	(23,479)		(70,441)
Proceeds from the Sales of Premises and Equipment, Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	Proceeds from the Sales of Premises and Equipment, Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	1,055		1,054		Proceeds from the Sales of Premises and Equipment, Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	785		335
Purchase of Premises and Equipment	Purchase of Premises and Equipment	(10,913)		(3,942)		Purchase of Premises and Equipment	(2,635)		(3,123)

Net Decrease (Increase) in FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank Stock		660		(31)
Net (Increase) Decrease in FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank Stock						Net (Increase) Decrease in FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	(3,963)		889

Net Cash Used By Investing Activities	Net Cash Used By Investing Activities	(343,493)		(182,498)		Net Cash Used By Investing Activities	(5,743)		(126,167)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:	Cash Flows from Financing Activities:					Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Net Increase in Deposits	Net Increase in Deposits	244,608		370,837		Net Increase in Deposits	47,985		164,876
Net Decrease in Short-Term Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings						Net Decrease in Short-Term Federal Home Loan Bank Borrowings	8,000		—

Net Decrease in Short-Term Borrowings		—		(15,060)
Finance Lease Payments	Finance Lease Payments	(38)		(36)		Finance Lease Payments	(13)		(13)

Federal Home Loan Bank Advances						Federal Home Loan Bank Advances	100,000		—
Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	(20,000)		—		Repayments of Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	(20,000)		(20,000)
Purchase of Treasury Stock	Purchase of Treasury Stock	(2,721)		(2,633)		Purchase of Treasury Stock	(848)		(2,093)
Stock Options Exercised, Net	Stock Options Exercised, Net	366		1,453		Stock Options Exercised, Net	83		241
Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	361		363		Shares Issued Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan	120		120

Shares Issued for Dividend Reinvestment Plans	Shares Issued for Dividend Reinvestment Plans	1,420		1,366		Shares Issued for Dividend Reinvestment Plans	472		474

Cash Dividends Paid	Cash Dividends Paid	(12,980)		(12,129)		Cash Dividends Paid	(4,464)		(4,325)
Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities	Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities	211,016		344,161		Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities	131,335		139,280
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents		(84,267)		217,375
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents						Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents	138,812		29,882
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period	Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period	457,696		380,991		Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period	64,660		457,696
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	$	373,429	$	598,366	Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period	$	203,472	$	487,578

Supplemental Disclosures to Statements of Cash Flow Information:	Supplemental Disclosures to Statements of Cash Flow Information:					Supplemental Disclosures to Statements of Cash Flow Information:
Interest on Deposits and Borrowings	Interest on Deposits and Borrowings	$	5,911	$	4,224	Interest on Deposits and Borrowings	$	7,200	$	1,156
Income Taxes	Income Taxes	8,918		11,060		Income Taxes	1,069		318

Transfer of Loans to Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	Transfer of Loans to Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	1,217		1,066		Transfer of Loans to Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets	373		403

See Notes to Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTES TO INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1.RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Nature of Operations - Arrow Financial Corporation, a New York corporation ("Arrow," the "Company," "we," or "us"), was incorporated on March 21, 1983 and is registered as a bank holding company within the meaning of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956. The banking subsidiaries are Glens Falls National Bank and Trust Company ("GFNB") whose main office is located in Glens Falls, New York, and Saratoga National Bank and Trust Company ("SNB") whose main office is located in Saratoga Springs, New York. The two subsidiary banks provide a full range of services to individuals and small to mid-size businesses in northeastern New York State from Albany, the State's capitol, to the Canadian border. Both banks have wealth management departments which provide investment management and administrative services. An active subsidiary of GFNB is Upstate Agency LLC, offering insurance services including property, and casualty insurance, group health insurance and individual life insurance products. North Country Investment Advisers, Inc., a registered investment adviser that provides investment advice to our proprietary mutual fund, and Arrow Properties, Inc., a real estate investment trust (REIT), are subsidiaries of GFNB. Arrow also owns directly two subsidiary business trusts, organized in 2003 and 2004 to issue trust preferred securities (TRUPs), which are still outstanding.

Concentrations of Credit - With the exception of some indirect auto lending, Arrow's loans are primarily with borrowers in upstate New York. Although the loan portfolios of the subsidiary banks are well diversified, tourism has a substantial impact on the northeastern New York economy. The commitments to extend credit are fairly consistent with the distribution of loans presented in Note 5, "Loans," generally have the same credit risk and are subject to normal credit policies. Generally, the loans are secured by assets and are expected to be repaid from cash flow or the sale of selected assets of the borrowers. Arrow evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by Arrow upon extension of credit, is based upon Management's credit evaluation of the counterparty. The nature of the collateral varies with the type of loan and may include: residential real estate, cash and securities, inventory, accounts receivable, property, plant and equipment, income producing commercial properties and automobiles.

Liquidity - The objective of effective liquidity management is to ensure that Arrow has the ability to raise cash when needed at a reasonable cost. This includes the capability of meeting expected and unexpected obligations to Arrow's customers at any time. Given the uncertain nature of customer demands and the need to maximize earnings, Arrow must have available reasonably priced sources of funds, both on- and off-balance sheet, that can be accessed quickly in times of need. Arrow’s liquidity position should provide the Company with the necessary flexibility to address any unexpected near-term disruptions such as reduced cash flows from the investment and loan portfolio, unexpected deposit runoff, or increased loan originations.

Note 2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

In the opinion of the management of Arrow, ~~Financial Corporation (Arrow, the Company, we, or us),~~ the accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements contain all of the adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position as of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021;~~March 31, 2022; the results of operations for the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; the changes in stockholders' equity for the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021;~~2022; and the cash flows for the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021.~~2022. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited annual consolidated financial statements of Arrow for the year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 included in Arrow's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022 (the "2022 Form 10-K").

Management’s Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Management utilized estimates and assumptions in its evaluation of potential impairment of Arrow's right-of-use lease assets, goodwill and intangible assets. Our most significant estimate is the allowance for credit losses. Other estimates include the fair value of financial ~~statements,~~instruments, evaluation of pension and other post-retirement liabilities, an analysis of a need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and a reserve for unfunded loan commitments recorded as an other liability. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

A material estimate that is particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term is the allowance for credit losses. In connection with the determination of the allowance for credit losses management obtains economic forecasts from reliable sources and appraisals for properties. The allowance for credit losses is management’s best estimate of the life of loan losses as of the balance sheet date. While management uses available information to recognize losses on loans, future adjustments to the allowance for credit losses may be necessary based on changes in economic conditions.

Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans - Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (CECL) approach requires an estimate of the credit losses expected over the life of a loan (or pool of loans). It replaces the incurred loss approach’s threshold that required the recognition of a credit loss when it was probable that a loss event was incurred. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted

from, or added to, the loans’ amortized cost basis to present the net lifetime amount expected to be collected on the loans. Credit losses are charged off against the allowance when management believes a loan balance is confirmed to be uncollectible. Expected recoveries do not exceed the aggregate of amounts previously charged off and expected to be charged off.

Management estimates the allowance using relevant available information from internal and external sources related to past events, current conditions, and a reasonable and supportable single economic forecast. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. Arrow's historical loss experience was supplemented with peer information when there was insufficient loss data for Arrow. Peer selection was based on a review of institutions with comparable loss experience as well as loan yield, bank size, portfolio concentration and geography. Adjustments to historical loss information are made for differences in current loan-specific risk characteristics such as differences in credit concentrations, delinquency level, collateral values and underwriting standards as well as changes in economic conditions or other relevant factors. Management judgment is required at each point in the measurement process.

Portfolio segment is defined as the level at which an entity develops and documents a systematic methodology to determine its allowance for credit losses. Upon adoption of CECL, management revised the manner in which loans were pooled for similar risk characteristics. Management developed portfolio segments for estimating loss based on type of borrower and collateral as follows:

Commercial Loans

Commercial Real Estate Loans

Consumer Loans

Residential Loans

Further details related to loan portfolio segments is included in Note 45 Loans.

Historical credit loss experience for both Arrow and segment-specific peers provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. Arrow utilized regression analyses of peer data, of which Arrow is included, where observed credit losses and selected economic factors were utilized to determine suitable loss drivers for modeling lifetime probability of default (PD) rates. Arrow uses the discounted cash flow (DCF) method to estimate expected credit losses for the commercial, commercial real estate, and residential segments. For each of these loan segments, Arrow generates cash flow projections at the instrument level wherein payment expectations are adjusted for estimated prepayment speed, curtailments, time to recovery, PD, and segment-specific loss given default (LGD) risk factors. The modeling of expected prepayment speeds, curtailment rates, and time to recovery are based on historical internal data and adjusted, if necessary, based on the reasonable and supportable forecast of economic conditions.

For the loan segments utilizing the DCF method, (commercial, commercial real estate, and residential) management utilizes externally developed economic forecast of the following economic factors as loss drivers: national unemployment, gross domestic

product and home price index (HPI). The economic forecast is applied over a reasonable and supportable forecast period. Arrow utilizes a six quarter reasonable and supportable forecast period with an eight quarter reversion to the historic mean on a straight-line basis.

The combination of adjustments for credit expectations (default and loss) and timing expectations (prepayment, curtailment, and time to recovery) produces an expected cash flow stream at the instrument level. Instrument effective yield is calculated, net of the impacts of prepayment assumptions, and the instrument expected cash flows are then discounted at that effective yield to produce an instrument-level net present value (NPV) of expected cash ~~flows (NPV).~~flows. An allowance for credit loss is established for the difference between the instrument’s NPV and amortized cost basis. The contractual term excludes expected extensions, renewals, and modifications unless either of the following applies: management has a reasonable expectation at the reporting date that a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) will be executed with an individual borrower or the extension or renewal options are included in the original or modified contract at the reporting date and are not unconditionally cancellable by Arrow.

Arrow uses the vintage analysis method to estimate expected credit losses for the consumer loan segment. The vintage method was selected since the loans within the consumer loan segment are homogeneous, not just by risk characteristic, but by loan structure. Under the vintage analysis method, a loss rate is calculated based on the quarterly net charge-offs to the outstanding loan balance for each vintage year over the lookback period. Once this periodic loss rate is calculated for each quarter in the lookback period, the periodic rates are averaged into the loss rate. The loss rate is then applied to the outstanding loan balances based on the loan's vintage year. Arrow maintains, over the life of the loan, the loss curve by vintage year. If estimated losses computed by the vintage method need to be adjusted based on current conditions and the reasonable and supportable economic forecast, these adjustments would be incorporated over a six quarter reasonable and supportable forecast period, reverting to historical losses using a straight-line method over an eight quarter period. Based on current conditions and the reasonable and supportable economic forecast, no adjustment to the loss rate for each vintage is currently required.

The vintage and DCF models also consider the need to qualitatively adjust expected loss estimates for information not already captured in the quantitative loss estimation process. Qualitative considerations include limitations inherent in the quantitative model; trends experienced in nonperforming and delinquent loans; changes in value of underlying collateral; changes in lending policies and procedures; nature and composition of loans; portfolio concentrations that may affect loss experience across one or more components or the portfolio; the experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff; Arrow's credit review system; and the effect of external factors such as competition, legal and regulatory requirements. These qualitative factor adjustments may increase or decrease Arrow's estimate of expected credit losses so that the allowance for credit loss is reflective of the estimate of lifetime losses that exist in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date.

All loans not included in the vintage analysis method that exceed $250,000 which are on nonaccrual, are evaluated on an individual basis. For collateral dependent financial assets where Arrow has determined that foreclosure of the collateral is probable, or where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and Arrow expects repayment of the financial asset to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, Arrow has elected a practical expedient to measure the allowance for credit loss as the difference between the fair value of the collateral less cost to sell, and the amortized cost basis of the asset as of the measurement date. In the

event ~~where~~ the repayment of a collateral dependent financial asset is expected to be provided substantially through the operating of the collateral, Arrow will use fair value of the collateral at the reporting date when recording the net carrying amount of the asset and determining the allowance for credit losses. When repayment is expected to be from the sale of the collateral, expected credit losses are calculated as the amount by which the amortized cost basis of the financial asset exceeds the fair value of the underlying collateral less estimated cost to sell. The allowance for credit losses may be zero if the fair value of the collateral at the measurement date exceeds the amortized cost basis of the financial asset.

~~Except~~ASU No. 2022-02, “Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU 2022-02”), was issued in March 2022 to provide updates on the accounting treatment for TDRs and related disclosures requirements, as ~~set forth below,~~well as modifying the disclosure requirement associated with the existing credit quality indicators “vintage” disclosure. With respect to TDRs, ASU 2022-02 eliminates the recognition and measurement guidance for TDRs under current GAAP and instead requires that Arrow evaluate whether the modification represents a new loan ~~that has been modified~~ or ~~renewed is considered~~ a ~~TDR when two conditions are met:~~

•~~The borrower is~~continuation of an existing loan, consistent with the current GAAP treatment for other loan modifications. In addition, ASU 2022-02 eliminates existing disclosure requirements on TDRs and replaces with enhanced disclosure requirements related to certain loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial ~~difficulty,~~difficulty. ASU 2022-02 also provides an update to the existing credit quality indicators “vintage” tabular disclosure requiring current period gross write-offs to be disclosed by year of origination for each loan segment. The provisions of ASU 2022-02 were effective January 1, 2023 and

•~~Concessions are made for~~ Arrow adopted the ~~borrower's benefit that would not otherwise be considered for~~provisions on a ~~borrower or transaction with similar credit risk characteristics.~~

Arrow's allowance for credit losses reflects all effects of a TDR when an individual asset is specifically identified as a reasonably expected TDR. Arrow has determined that a TDR is reasonably expected no later than the point it is determined that modification is the best course of action and it is at least reasonably possible that the troubled borrower will accept some form of concession to avoid a default. Reasonably expectedprospective basis. Historical disclosures on TDRs ~~and executed non-performing TDRs are evaluated individually to determine the required allowance for credit losses. TDRs performing~~were removed from this report in accordance with ~~their modified contractual terms for~~the provisions of this ASU. The adoption of this ASU did not have a ~~reasonable period of time may be included in Arrow's existing pools based~~material impact on the ~~underlying risk characteristics of the loan to measure the allowance for credit losses.~~consolidated financial statements.

Estimated Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures Recognized as Other Liabilities - Arrow estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which Arrow has exposure to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by Arrow. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures recognized in other liabilities, is adjusted as an expense in other ~~noninterest~~non-interest expense. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over their estimated lives. Estimating credit losses on unfunded commitments requires ~~the Bank~~Arrow to consider the following categories of off-balance sheet credit exposure: unfunded commitments to extend credit, unfunded lines of credit, and standby letters of credit. Each of these unfunded commitments is then analyzed for a probability of funding to calculate a probable funding amount. The life of loan loss factor by related portfolio segment from the loan allowance for credit loss calculation is then applied to the probable funding amount to calculate the estimated credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures recognized as other liabilities.

Accrued Interest Receivable - Upon adoption of CECL on January 1, 2021, Arrow made the following elections regarding accrued interest receivable: (1) presented accrued interest receivable balances separately within the other assets balance sheet line item; (2) excluded interest receivable that is included in amortized cost of financing receivables from related disclosures requirements and (3) continued its policy to write off accrued interest receivable by reversing interest income. For loans, write off typically occurs upon

becoming over 90 to 120 days past due and therefore the amount of such write offs are immaterial. Historically, Arrow has not experienced uncollectible accrued interest receivable on investment securities.

Allowance for Credit Losses – Held-to-Maturity (HTM) Debt Securities - Arrow's HTM debt securities are also required to utilize the CECL approach to estimate expected credit losses. Management measures expected credit losses on HTM debt securities on a collective basis by major security types that share similar risk characteristics, such as financial asset type and collateral type adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Management classifies the HTM portfolio into the following major security types: U.S. government agency or U.S. government sponsored mortgage-backed and collateralized mortgage obligations securities, and state and municipal debt securities.

The mortgage-backed and collateralized mortgage obligations HTM securities are issued by U.S. government entities and agencies. These securities are either explicitly or implicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government as to timely repayment of principal and interest, are highly rated by major rating agencies, and have a long history of no credit losses. Therefore, Arrow did not record a credit loss for these securities.

State and municipal bonds carry an investment grade from an accredited ratings agency, primarily with an investment grade rating. In addition, Arrow has a limited amount of New York state local municipal bonds that are not rated. The estimate of expected credit losses on the HTM portfolio is based on the expected cash flows of each individual CUSIP over its contractual life and utilized a municipal loss forecast model for determining PD and LGD rates. Management may exercise discretion to make adjustments based on environmental factors. A calculated expected credit loss for individual securities was determined using the PD and LGD rates. Arrow determined that the expected credit loss on its municipal bond portfolio was de minimis, and therefore, an allowance for credit losses was not recorded.

Allowance for Credit Losses – Available-for-Sale (AFS) Debt Securities - The impairment model for AFS debt securities differs from the CECL approach utilized by HTM debt securities since AFS debt securities are measured at fair value rather than amortized cost. For AFS debt securities in an unrealized loss position, ~~the Bank~~Arrow first assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. For AFS debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned criteria, in making this assessment, management considers the extent to which fair value is less than amortized cost, any changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, adverse conditions specifically related to the security, failure of the issuer of the debt security to make scheduled interest or principal payments, among other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. The cash flows are estimated using information relevant to the collectability of the security, including information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the

credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income.

Investments in Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) and Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock are required for membership in those organizations and are carried at cost since there is no market value available. The FHLB New York (FHLBNY) continues to pay dividends and repurchase stock. As such, the Company has not recognized any impairment on its holdings of ~~Federal Reserve Bank~~FRB and FHLB stock.

~~There were no additional accounting standards adopted in the first nine months of 2022.~~

Note 2.3. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (In Thousands)


The following table is the schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents at September 30, 2022, December 31, 2021 and September 30, 2021:
The following table is the schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022:								The following table is the schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents at March 31, 2023, December 31, 2022 and March 31, 2022:
		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2022
Cash and Due From Banks	Cash and Due From Banks	$	44,872	$	26,978	$	49,430	Cash and Due From Banks	$	25,107	$	31,886	$	38,964
Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks		328,557		430,718		548,936
Interest Bearing Deposits at Banks								Interest Bearing Deposits at Banks	178,365		32,774		448,614
Total Cash and Cash Equivalents	Total Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	373,429	457,696		598,366		Total Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	203,472	64,660		487,578

The decline in cash from March 31, 2022 to December 31, 2022 was primarily the result of record loan growth in 2022 and a decrease in deposits in the fourth quarter of 2022. The increase in cash in the first quarter of 2023 was primarily due to an increase of deposits and $80 million of additional FHLB term advances to enhance the Company's liquidity position in light of recent industry events.

Note 3.4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES (In Thousands)

The following table is the schedule of Available-For-Sale Securities at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


Available-For-Sale Securities	Available-For-Sale Securities									Available-For-Sale Securities
		U.S. Government & Agency Obligations		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Corporate and Other Debt Securities			Total Available- For-Sale Securities			U.S. Government & Agency Obligations		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Corporate and Other Debt Securities		Total Available- For-Sale Securities
September 30, 2022
March 31, 2023													March 31, 2023
Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	180,000	$	340	$	465,485	$	1,000		$	646,825	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	190,000	$	320	$	431,754	$	1,000	$	623,074
Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Gains	—		—		3		—			3		Gross Unrealized Gains	—		—		160		—		160
Gross Unrealized Losses	Gross Unrealized Losses	(16,035)		—		(55,539)		(200)			(71,774)		Gross Unrealized Losses	(12,415)		—		(44,926)		(200)		(57,541)
Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	163,965		340		409,949		800			575,054		Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	177,585		320		386,988		800		565,693
Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value	Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value										414,929		Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value									360,153

Maturities of Debt Securities, at Amortized Cost:	Maturities of Debt Securities, at Amortized Cost:												Maturities of Debt Securities, at Amortized Cost:
Within One Year	Within One Year	$	5,000	$	20	$	817	$	—		$	5,837	Within One Year	$	15,000	$	—	$	892	$	—	$	15,892
From 1 - 5 Years	From 1 - 5 Years	175,000		—		254,104		—			429,104		From 1 - 5 Years	175,000		—		239,803		—		414,803
From 5 - 10 Years	From 5 - 10 Years	—		320		210,564		1,000			211,884		From 5 - 10 Years	—		320		191,059		1,000		192,379
Over 10 Years	Over 10 Years	—		—		—		—			—		Over 10 Years	—		—		—		—		—

Maturities of Debt Securities, at Fair Value:	Maturities of Debt Securities, at Fair Value:												Maturities of Debt Securities, at Fair Value:
Within One Year	Within One Year	$	5,000	$	20	$	795	$	—		$	5,815	Within One Year	$	14,769	$	—	$	866	$	—	$	15,635
From 1 - 5 Years	From 1 - 5 Years	158,965		—		232,760		—			391,725		From 1 - 5 Years	162,816		—		221,904		—		384,720
From 5 - 10 Years	From 5 - 10 Years	—		320		176,394		800			177,514		From 5 - 10 Years	—		320		164,218		800		165,338
Over 10 Years	Over 10 Years	—		—		—		—			—		Over 10 Years	—		—		—		—		—

Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:	Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:												Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	71,419	$	—	$	274,491	$	—		$	345,910	Less than 12 Months	$	54,058	$	—	$	27,106	$	—	$	81,164
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	92,545		—		135,329		800			228,674		12 Months or Longer	123,526		—		346,733		800		471,059
Total	Total	$	163,964	$	—	$	409,820	$	800		$	574,584	Total	$	177,584	$	—	$	373,839	$	800	$	552,223
Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	24		—		156		1			181		Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	25		—		150		1		176

Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:	Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:												Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	3,581	$	—	$	30,521	$	—		$	34,102	Less than 12 Months	$	942	$	—	$	891	$	—	$	1,833
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	12,454		—		25,018		200			37,672		12 Months or Longer	11,473		—		44,035		200		55,708
Total	Total	$	16,035	$	—	$	55,539	$	200		$	71,774	Total	$	12,415	$	—	$	44,926	$	200	$	57,541


Available-For-Sale Securities	Available-For-Sale Securities									Available-For-Sale Securities
		U.S. Government & Agency Obligations		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Corporate and Other Debt Securities			Total Available- For-Sale Securities			U.S. Government & Agency Obligations		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Corporate and Other Debt Securities		Total Available- For-Sale Securities
Disaggregated Details:	Disaggregated Details:												Disaggregated Details:
US Treasury Obligations, at Amortized Cost		$	—
US Treasury Obligations, at Fair Value		—

US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	$	180,000										US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	$	190,000
US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	163,965											US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	177,585
US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost	US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost					$	8,243						US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost					$	7,782
US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value	US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value					7,842							US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value					7,321
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost					457,242							Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost					423,972
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value					402,107							Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value					379,667

December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022													December 31, 2022
Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	110,000	$	400	$	448,742	$	1,000		$	560,142	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	190,000	$	340	$	447,755	$	1,000	$	639,095
Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Gains	63		—		3,617		—			3,680		Gross Unrealized Gains	15		—		65		—		80
Gross Unrealized Losses	Gross Unrealized Losses	(1,698)		—		(2,608)		(200)			(4,506)		Gross Unrealized Losses	(14,816)		—		(50,664)		(200)		(65,680)
Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	108,365		400		449,751		800			559,316		Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	175,199		340		397,156		800		573,495
Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value	Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value										298,106		Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value									308,266

Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:	Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:												Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	74,088	$	—	$	263,292	$	—		$	337,380	Less than 12 Months	$	66,690	$	—	$	183,868	$	—	$	250,558
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	29,214		—		—		800			30,014		12 Months or Longer	93,493		—		199,262		800		293,555
Total	Total	$	103,302	$	—	$	263,292	$	800		$	367,394	Total	$	160,183	$	—	$	383,130	$	800	$	544,113
Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	14		—		39		1			54		Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	23		—		150		1		174

Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:	Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:												Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	912	$	—	$	2,608	$	—		$	3,520	Less than 12 Months	$	3,310	$	—	$	18,756	$	—	$	22,066
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	786		—		—		200			986		12 Months or Longer	11,506		—		31,908		200		43,614
Total	Total	$	1,698	$	—	$	2,608	$	200		$	4,506	Total	$	14,816	$	—	$	50,664	$	200	$	65,680

Disaggregated Details:	Disaggregated Details:												Disaggregated Details:

US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	$	110,000										US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	$	190,000
US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	108,365											US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	175,199
US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost	US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost					$	9,386						US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost					$	7,934
US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value	US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value					9,371							US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value					7,433
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost					439,356							Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost					439,821
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value					440,380							Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value					389,723


Available-For-Sale Securities	Available-For-Sale Securities									Available-For-Sale Securities
		U.S. Government & Agency Obligations		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Corporate and Other Debt Securities			Total Available- For-Sale Securities			U.S. Government & Agency Obligations		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Corporate and Other Debt Securities		Total Available- For-Sale Securities
September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022													March 31, 2022
Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	110,001	$	400	$	373,042	$	1,000		$	484,443	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	140,000	$	380	$	471,829	$	1,000	$	613,209
Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Gains	96		—		5,225		—			5,321		Gross Unrealized Gains	21		—		211		—		232
Gross Unrealized Losses	Gross Unrealized Losses	(792)		—		(1,872)		(200)			(2,864)		Gross Unrealized Losses	(7,277)		—		(23,536)		(200)		(31,013)
Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	109,305		400		376,395		800			486,900		Available-For-Sale Securities, at Fair Value	132,744		380		448,504		800		582,428
Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value	Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value										361,014		Available-For-Sale Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value									397,138

Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:	Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:												Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	74,695	$	—	$	190,532	$	—		$	265,227	Less than 12 Months	$	43,518	$	—	$	358,688	$	—	$	402,206
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	29,513		—		—		800			30,313		12 Months or Longer	84,205		—		74,546		800		159,551
Total	Total	$	104,208	$	—	$	190,532	$	800		$	295,540	Total	$	127,723	$	—	$	433,234	$	800	$	561,757
Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	14		—		27		1			42		Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	18		—		129		1		148

Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:	Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:												Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	305	$	—	$	1,872	$	—		$	2,177	Less than 12 Months	$	1,482	$	—	$	16,949	$	—	$	18,431
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	487		—		—		200			687		12 Months or Longer	5,795		—		6,587		200		12,582
Total	Total	$	792	$	—	$	1,872	$	200		$	2,864	Total	$	7,277	$	—	$	23,536	$	200	$	31,013

Disaggregated Details:	Disaggregated Details:												Disaggregated Details:

US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	$	110,001										US Agency Obligations, at Amortized Cost	$	140,000
US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	109,305											US Agency Obligations, at Fair Value	132,744
US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost	US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost					$	10,119						US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost					$	8,853
US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value	US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value					10,165							US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value					8,667
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost					362,923							Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost					462,976
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value					366,230							Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value					439,837

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, there was no allowance for credit losses for the AFS debt securities portfolio.

The following table is the schedule of Held-To-Maturity Securities at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


Held-To-Maturity Securities	Held-To-Maturity Securities					Held-To-Maturity Securities
		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities			Total Held-To Maturity Securities			State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Total Held-To Maturity Securities
September 30, 2022
March 31, 2023									March 31, 2023
Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	169,619	$	12,559		$	182,178	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	156,314	$	11,033	$	167,347
Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Gains	1		—			1		Gross Unrealized Gains	2		—		2
Gross Unrealized Losses	Gross Unrealized Losses	(5,771)		(608)			(6,379)		Gross Unrealized Losses	(2,421)		(489)		(2,910)
Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	163,849		11,951			175,800		Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	153,895		10,544		164,439
Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value	Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value						153,364		Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value					146,902


Held-To-Maturity Securities	Held-To-Maturity Securities					Held-To-Maturity Securities
		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities			Total Held-To Maturity Securities
										State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Total Held-To Maturity Securities
Maturities of Debt Securities, at Amortized Cost:	Maturities of Debt Securities, at Amortized Cost:								Maturities of Debt Securities, at Amortized Cost:
Within One Year	Within One Year	$	50,423	$	—		$	50,423	Within One Year	$	82,142	$	—	$	82,142
From 1 - 5 Years	From 1 - 5 Years	115,113		12,559			127,672		From 1 - 5 Years	71,828		11,033		82,861
From 5 - 10 Years	From 5 - 10 Years	4,044		—			4,044		From 5 - 10 Years	2,312		—		2,312
Over 10 Years	Over 10 Years	39		—			39		Over 10 Years	32		—		32

Maturities of Debt Securities, at Fair Value:	Maturities of Debt Securities, at Fair Value:								Maturities of Debt Securities, at Fair Value:
Within One Year	Within One Year	$	50,058	$	—		$	50,058	Within One Year	$	81,554	$	—	$	81,554
From 1 - 5 Years	From 1 - 5 Years	109,945		11,951			121,896		From 1 - 5 Years	70,001		10,544		80,545
From 5 - 10 Years	From 5 - 10 Years	3,807		—			3,807		From 5 - 10 Years	2,308		—		2,308
Over 10 Years	Over 10 Years	39		—			39		Over 10 Years	32		—		32

Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:	Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:								Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	141,132	$	11,951		$	153,083	Less than 12 Months	$	43,121	$	—	$	43,121
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	—		—			—		12 Months or Longer	90,439		10,544		100,983
Total	Total	$	141,132	$	11,951		$	153,083	Total	$	133,560	$	10,544	$	144,104

Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	419		16			435		Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	386		16		402

Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:	Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:								Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	5,771	$	608		$	6,379	Less than 12 Months	$	496	$	—	$	496
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	—		—			—		12 Months or Longer	1,925		489		2,414
Total	Total	$	5,771	$	608		$	6,379	Total	$	2,421	$	489	$	2,910

Disaggregated Details:	Disaggregated Details:								Disaggregated Details:
US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost	US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost			$	4,115				US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost			$	3,699
US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value	US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value			3,924					US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value			3,522
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost			8,444					Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost			7,334
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value			8,027					Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value			7,022


Held-To-Maturity Securities	Held-To-Maturity Securities					Held-To-Maturity Securities
		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities			Total Held-To Maturity Securities			State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Total Held-To Maturity Securities
December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022									December 31, 2022
Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	180,195	$	16,371		$	196,566	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	163,600	$	11,764	$	175,364
Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Gains	4,179		547			4,726		Gross Unrealized Gains	1		—		1
Gross Unrealized Losses	Gross Unrealized Losses	—		—			—		Gross Unrealized Losses	(3,131)		(611)		(3,742)
Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	184,374		16,918			201,292		Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	160,470		11,153		171,623
Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value	Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value						175,218		Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value					142,982

Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:	Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:								Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	—	$	—		$	—	Less than 12 Months	$	137,773	$	11,153	$	148,926
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	—		—			—		12 Months or Longer	—		—		—
Total	Total	$	—	$	—		$	—	Total	$	137,773	$	11,153	$	148,926
Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	—		—			—		Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	397		16		413

Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:	Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:								Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	—	$	—		$	—	Less than 12 Months	$	3,131	$	611	$	3,742
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	—		—			—		12 Months or Longer	—		—		—
Total	Total	$	—	$	—		$	—	Total	$	3,131	$	611	$	3,742

Disaggregated Details:	Disaggregated Details:								Disaggregated Details:
US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost	US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost			$	5,518				US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost			$	3,898
US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value	US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value			5,647					US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value			3,687
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost			10,853					Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost			7,866
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value			11,271					Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value			7,466


Held-To-Maturity Securities	Held-To-Maturity Securities					Held-To-Maturity Securities
		State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities			Total Held-To Maturity Securities			State and Municipal Obligations		Mortgage- Backed Securities		Total Held-To Maturity Securities
September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022									March 31, 2022
Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	179,952	$	18,385		$	198,337	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Amortized Cost	$	181,832	$	14,829	$	196,661
Gross Unrealized Gains	Gross Unrealized Gains	4,834		765			5,599		Gross Unrealized Gains	180		—		180
Gross Unrealized Losses	Gross Unrealized Losses	—		—			—		Gross Unrealized Losses	(832)		(147)		(979)
Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	184,786		19,150			203,936		Held-To-Maturity Securities, at Fair Value	181,180		14,682		195,862
Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value	Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value						192,929		Held-To-Maturity Securities, Pledged as Collateral, at Fair Value					176,635

Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:	Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:								Securities in a Continuous Loss Position, at Fair Value:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	—	$	—		$	—	Less than 12 Months	$	96,088	$	14,465	$	110,553
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	—		—			—		12 Months or Longer	—		—		—
Total	Total	$	—	$	—		$	—	Total	$	96,088	$	14,465	$	110,553
Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	—		—			—		Number of Securities in a Continuous Loss Position	258		23		281

Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:	Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:								Unrealized Losses on Securities in a Continuous Loss Position:
Less than 12 Months	Less than 12 Months	$	—	$	—		$	—	Less than 12 Months	$	832	$	147	$	979
12 Months or Longer	12 Months or Longer	—		—			—		12 Months or Longer	—		—		—
Total	Total	$	—	$	—		$	—	Total	$	832	$	147	$	979

September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022									March 31, 2022
Disaggregated Details:	Disaggregated Details:								Disaggregated Details:
US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost	US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost			$	6,302				US Government Agency Securities, at Amortized Cost			$	4,954
US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value	US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value			6,506					US Government Agency Securities, at Fair Value			4,900
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost			12,083					Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Amortized Cost			9,875
Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value	Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value			12,644					Government Sponsored Entity Securities, at Fair Value			9,782

In the tables above, maturities of mortgage-backed securities are included based on their ~~expected~~contractual average lives. Actual maturities will differ because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

Arrow's investment policy requires that investments held in our portfolio be investment grade or better at the time of purchase. Arrow performs an analysis of the creditworthiness of municipal obligations to determine if a security is of investment grade. The analysis may include but may not solely rely upon credit analysis conducted by external credit rating agencies.

Arrow evaluates AFS debt securities in unrealized loss positions at each measurement date to determine whether the decline in the fair value below the amortized cost basis (impairment) is due to credit-related factors or non-credit-related factors. Any impairment that is not credit related is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. Credit-related impairment is recognized within the allowance for credit losses on the balance sheet, limited to the amount by which the amortized cost basis exceeds the fair value, with a corresponding adjustment to earnings via credit loss expense. Arrow determined that at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, gross unrealized losses were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates, relative to when the investment securities were purchased, and not due to the credit quality of the investment securities. Arrow does not intend to sell, nor is it more likely than not that Arrow will be required to sell ~~the security~~any securities before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Therefore, Arrow carried no allowance for credit loss at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and there was no credit loss expense recognized by Arrow with respect to the securities portfolio during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

Arrow's ~~held to maturity~~HTM debt securities are comprised of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) or state and municipal obligations. GSE securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government, are widely recognized as “risk free,” and have a long history of zero credit loss. Arrow performs an analysis of the credit worthiness of municipal obligations to determine if a security is of investment grade. The analysis may include but may not solely rely upon credit analysis conducted by external credit rating agencies. Arrow determined that the expected credit loss on its ~~held to maturity~~HTM debt portfolio was immaterial and therefore no allowance for credit loss was recorded as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

The following table is the schedule of Equity Securities at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:

Equity Securities

September 30, 2022

December 31, 2021

September 30, 2021

March 31, 2023

December 31, 2022

March 31, 2022

Equity Securities, at Fair Value

$2,126

$1,747

$1,886

Equity Securities, at Fair Value

$2,070

$2,174

$1,877

The following is a summary of realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in net income on equity securities during the three ~~and nine~~ month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

For the Three Months Ended September 30, For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Net Gain on Equity Securities $ 95 $ (106) $ 379 $ 250
Less: Net gain recognized during the reporting period on equity securities sold during the period — — — —
Unrealized net gain recognized during the reporting period on equity securities still held at the reporting date $ 95 $ (106) $ 379 $ 250


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net (Loss) Gain on Equity Securities	$	(104)	$	130
Less: Net gain recognized during the reporting period on equity securities sold during the period	—		—
Unrealized net (loss) gain recognized during the reporting period on equity securities still held at the reporting date	$	(104)	$	130

Note 4.5. LOANS (In Thousands)

Loan Categories and Past Due Loans

The following two tables present loan balances outstanding as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and an analysis of the recorded investment in loans that are past due at these dates. Generally, Arrow considers a loan past due 30 or more days when the borrower is two payments past due. Loans held-for-sale of ~~$483, $1,154~~$417, $656 and ~~$2,169~~$831 as of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, respectively, are included in the residential real estate balances for current loans.


Schedule of Past Due Loans by Loan Category	Schedule of Past Due Loans by Loan Category											Schedule of Past Due Loans by Loan Category
				Commercial											Commercial
		Commercial		Real Estate		Consumer		Residential		Total			Commercial		Real Estate		Consumer		Residential		Total
September 30, 2022
March 31, 2023												March 31, 2023
Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	$	86	$	—	$	8,870	$	393	$	9,349	Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	$	62	$	—	$	11,237	$	1,593	$	12,892
Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	80		—		4,397		1,266		5,743		Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	47		—		4,439		—		4,486
Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	—		235		1,708		3,487		5,430		Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	—		—		3,005		3,143		6,148
Total Loans Past Due	Total Loans Past Due	166		235		14,975		5,146		20,522		Total Loans Past Due	109		—		18,681		4,736		23,526
Current Loans	Current Loans	138,807		678,982		1,040,610		1,045,873		2,904,272		Current Loans	135,808		715,357		1,054,688		1,075,973		2,981,826
Total Loans	Total Loans	$	138,973	$	679,217	$	1,055,585	$	1,051,019	$	2,924,794	Total Loans	$	135,917	$	715,357	$	1,073,369	$	1,080,709	$	3,005,352

December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022												December 31, 2022
Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	$	202	$	—	$	6,713	$	107	$	7,022	Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	$	48	$	370	$	13,657	$	1,833	$	15,908
Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	3		—		2,709		2,557		5,269		Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	33		—		4,517		112		4,662
Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	157		1,180		1,564		1,981		4,882		Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	44		—		3,503		4,790		8,337
Total Loans Past Due	Total Loans Past Due	362		1,180		10,986		4,645		17,173		Total Loans Past Due	125		370		21,677		6,735		28,907
Current Loans	Current Loans	172,156		627,749		909,570		941,293		2,650,768		Current Loans	140,168		706,652		1,043,458		1,064,022		2,954,300
Total Loans	Total Loans	$	172,518	$	628,929	$	920,556	$	945,938	$	2,667,941	Total Loans	$	140,293	$	707,022	$	1,065,135	$	1,070,757	$	2,983,207

September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022												March 31, 2022
Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	$	729	$	—	$	4,809	$	368	$	5,906	Loans Past Due 30-59 Days	$	69	$	—	$	6,631	$	2,565	$	9,265
Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	63		—		2,543		1,295		3,901		Loans Past Due 60-89 Days	89		—		2,562		267		2,918
Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	75		1,641		1,010		1,951		4,677		Loans Past Due 90 or more Days	—		346		1,041		1,531		2,918
Total Loans Past Due	Total Loans Past Due	867		1,641		8,362		3,614		14,484		Total Loans Past Due	158		346		10,234		4,363		15,101
Current Loans	Current Loans	187,324		613,440		912,827		926,676		2,640,267		Current Loans	155,309		638,091		966,414		962,352		2,722,166
Total Loans	Total Loans	$	188,191	$	615,081	$	921,189	$	930,290	$	2,654,751	Total Loans	$	155,467	$	638,437	$	976,648	$	966,715	$	2,737,267


Schedule of Non Accrual Loans by Category	Schedule of Non Accrual Loans by Category											Schedule of Non Accrual Loans by Category
				Commercial											Commercial
September 30, 2022		Commercial		Real Estate		Consumer		Residential		Total
March 31, 2023												March 31, 2023	Commercial		Real Estate		Consumer		Residential		Total
Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	514	$	514	Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	241	$	241
Nonaccrual Loans	Nonaccrual Loans	9		3,401		1,708		3,694		8,812		Nonaccrual Loans	8		3,085		3,123		4,636		10,852
Nonaccrual With No Allowance for Credit Loss	Nonaccrual With No Allowance for Credit Loss	9		3,401		1,708		3,694		8,812		Nonaccrual With No Allowance for Credit Loss	8		3,085		3,123		4,636		10,852
Interest Income on Nonaccrual Loans	Interest Income on Nonaccrual Loans	—		—		—		12		12		Interest Income on Nonaccrual Loans	—		—		—		—		—

December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022												December 31, 2022
Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	$	157	$	—	$	—	$	666	$	823	Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	$	44	$	—	$	—	$	1,113	$	1,157
Nonaccrual Loans	Nonaccrual Loans	34		7,243		1,697		1,790		10,764		Nonaccrual Loans	8		3,110		3,503		4,136		10,757

September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022												March 31, 2022
Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	555	$	555	Loans 90 or More Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	55	$	55
Nonaccrual Loans	Nonaccrual Loans	91		7,766		1,101		1,765		10,723		Nonaccrual Loans	70		6,360		1,155		2,165		9,750

Arrow disaggregates its loan portfolio into the following four categories:

Commercial - Arrow offers a variety of loan options to meet the specific needs of our commercial customers including term loans, time notes and lines of credit. Such loans are made available to businesses for working capital needs such as inventory and receivables, business expansion and equipment purchases. Generally, a collateral lien is placed on equipment or other assets owned by the borrower. Generally, these loans carry a higher risk than commercial real estate loans due to the nature of the underlying collateral, which can be business assets such as equipment and accounts receivable and generally have a lower liquidation value than real estate. In the event of default by the borrower, Arrow may be required to liquidate collateral at deeply discounted values. To reduce the risk, management usually obtains personal guarantees to support the borrowing, as permitted by applicable law.

Commercial Real Estate - Arrow offers commercial real estate loans to finance real estate purchases, refinancings, expansions and improvements to commercial properties. Commercial real estate loans are made to finance the purchases of real property which generally consists of real estate with completed structures. These commercial real estate loans are typically secured by first liens on the real estate, which may include apartments, commercial structures, housing businesses, healthcare facilities, and both owner- and non-owner-occupied facilities. These loans are typically less risky than commercial loans, since they are secured by real estate and buildings, and are generally originated in amounts of no more than 80% of the appraised value of the property. However, Arrow also offers commercial construction and land development loans to finance projects. Many projects will ultimately be used by the borrowers' businesses, while others are developed for resale. These real estate loans are also typically secured by first liens on the real estate, which may include apartments, commercial structures, housing businesses, healthcare facilities and both owner-occupied and non-owner-occupied facilities. There is enhanced risk during the construction period, since the loan is secured by an incomplete project.

Consumer Loans - This category is primarily comprised of automobile loans. Arrow primarily finances the purchases of automobiles indirectly through dealer relationships located throughout upstate New York and Vermont. Most automobile loans carry a fixed rate of interest with principal repayment terms typically ranging from three to seven years. Automobile loans are underwritten on a secured basis using the underlying collateral being financed. Arrow also offers a variety of consumer installment loans to finance personal expenditures. Most of these loans carry a fixed rate of interest with principal repayment terms typically ranging from one to five years, based upon the nature of the collateral and the size of the loan. In addition to installment loans, Arrow also offers personal lines of credit and overdraft protection. Several of these consumer loans are unsecured, which carry a higher risk of loss.

Residential - Residential real estate loans consist primarily of loans secured by first or second mortgages on primary residences. Arrow originates fixed-rate and adjustable-rate one-to-four-family residential real estate loans for the construction, purchase of real estate or refinancing of an existing mortgage. These loans are collateralized primarily by owner-occupied properties generally located in Arrow's market area. Loans on one-to-four-family residential real estate are generally originated in amounts of no more than 80% of the purchase price or appraised value (whichever is lower), or have private mortgage insurance. Arrow’s underwriting analysis for residential mortgage loans typically includes credit verification, independent appraisals, and a review of the borrower’s financial condition. Mortgage title insurance and hazard insurance are normally required. It is Arrow's general practice to underwrite residential real estate loans to secondary market standards. Construction loans have a unique risk, because they are secured by an incomplete dwelling. This risk is reduced through periodic site inspections, including one at each loan draw period. In addition, Arrow offers fixed home equity loans, as well as home equity lines of credit to consumers to finance home improvements, debt consolidation, education and other uses. Arrow's policy allows for a maximum loan to value ratio of 80%, although periodically higher advances are allowed. Arrow originates home equity lines of credit and second mortgage loans (loans secured by a second junior lien position on one-to-four-family residential real estate). Risk is generally reduced through underwriting criteria, which include credit verification, appraisals, a review of the borrower's financial condition, and personal cash flows. A security interest, with title insurance when necessary, is taken in the underlying real estate.

Allowance for Credit Losses

Loan segments were selected by class code and application code to ensure each segment is comprised of loans with homogenous loan characteristics and similar risk profiles. The resulting loan segments are commercial, ~~Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), commercial non-PPP,~~ commercial real estate, consumer and residential real estate loans. The consumer segment is mainly comprised of automobile loans, and since they are relatively short-term in nature, with similar dollar amounts and collateral, the vintage analysis method was selected to determine the credit loss reserve. The vintage method utilizes Arrow loan data exclusively as the method calculates a loss rate based on the total origination balance of the loans by year and the charge-off and recovery rate of the same origination year. Arrow maintains, over the life of the loan, the loss curve by vintage year. The discounted cash flow method (DCF) is used to calculate the reserve for credit losses for the commercial, commercial real estate and residential real estate segments.

The ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 allowance for credit losses calculation incorporated a reasonable and supportable forecast period to account for economic conditions utilized in the measurement. The quantitative model utilized an economic forecast sourced from reputable third-parties that reflects the economic conditions with ~~a deterioration~~an improvement of approximately ~~0.45%~~0.18% in the national unemployment rate during the six-quarter forecast period, while forecasted gross domestic product ~~are~~ projected ~~to decline~~a slight improvement of approximately ~~1.00%~~0.07%. The home price index (HPI) forecast declined approximately ~~4.63%~~4.07% from the previous quarter level. The recent volatility of the national HPI forecast in projecting growth and decline is beyond any recent actual change when compared to the Albany Metropolitan Statistical Area for the last 10 years and is considered to be a unique circumstance not reflective of current economic conditions in our markets. As a result, an additional qualitative adjustment was utilized during 2022 to address risk outside of the quantitative model. Key assumptions utilized in the CECL calculation include loan segmentation, loan loss regression analysis, reasonable and supportable forecast period,

reversion period, ~~discounted cash flow~~DCF inputs including economic forecast data and prepayment and curtailment speeds and qualitative factors. Key assumptions are reviewed and approved on a quarterly basis. There ~~was one~~were no assumption ~~change~~changes for the ~~third~~first quarter calculation. ~~Demand loans, which do not have a maturity date, now utilize a 1-year maturity as the loans are reviewed annually. The loans previously utilized a 10-year maturity.~~ Driven by current economic forecasts, loan growth and net charge offs during the quarter, the ~~third~~first quarter provision for credit losses was ~~$1.7~~$1.6 million. The

provision is directionally consistent with both the latest economic forecasts as well as ~~third~~first quarter activity. Management's evaluation considers the allowance for credit losses for loans to be appropriate as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

The following table details activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


Allowance for Credit Losses	Allowance for Credit Losses									Allowance for Credit Losses
Rollforward of the Allowance for Credit Losses for the Quarterly Period:													Rollforward of the Allowance for Credit Losses for the Quarterly Period:	Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Residential		Total
		Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Residential			Total

June 30, 2022		$	2,465	$	13,936	$	2,358	$	9,331		$	28,090

December 31, 2022													December 31, 2022	$	1,961	$	15,213	$	2,585	$	10,193	$	29,952
Charge-offs	Charge-offs	(44)		—		(1,103)		—			(1,147)		Charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	(1,328)	$	—	$	(1,328)
Recoveries	Recoveries	—		—		574		—			574		Recoveries	$	—	$	—	$	606	$	—	$	606
Provision	Provision	(416)		930		692		509			1,715		Provision	$	(224)	$	289	$	1,000	$	489	$	1,554
September 30, 2022		$	2,005	$	14,866	$	2,521	$	9,840		$	29,232
March 31, 2023													March 31, 2023	$	1,737	$	15,502	$	2,863	$	10,682	$	30,784

December 31, 2021	December 31, 2021	$	2,298	$	13,136	$	2,402	$	9,445		$	27,281	December 31, 2021	$	2,298	$	13,136	$	2,402	$	9,445	$	27,281
Charge-offs	Charge-offs	$	(48)	$	—	$	(2,805)	$	(30)		$	(2,883)	Charge-offs	—		—		(799)		(30)		$	(829)
Recoveries	Recoveries	$	26	$	—	$	1,419	$	—		$	1,445	Recoveries	8		—		432		—		$	440
Provision	Provision	$	(271)	$	1,730	$	1,505	$	425		$	3,389	Provision	209		406		475		(321)		$	769
September 30, 2022		$	2,005	$	14,866	$	2,521	$	9,840		$	29,232

June 30, 2021		$	2,241	$	13,606	$	2,443	$	8,720		$	27,010
Charge-offs		(17)		—		(427)		—			$	(444)
Recoveries		—		—		291		—			$	291
Provision		200		65		(19)		(147)			$	99
September 30, 2021		$	2,424	$	13,671	$	2,288	$	8,573		$	26,956
March 31, 2022													March 31, 2022	$	2,515	$	13,542	$	2,510	$	9,094	$	27,661

Balance as of January 1, 2021 as adjusted for ASU 2016-13		$	4,257	$	12,054	$	2,179	$	9,442		$	27,932
Charge-offs		(37)		—		(1,480)		(3)			(1,520)
Recoveries		—		—		830		—			830
Provision		(1,796)		1,617		759		(866)			(286)
September 30, 2021		$	2,424	$	13,671	$	2,288	$	8,573		$	26,956

Estimated Credit Losses on Off-Balance Sheet Credit Exposures Recognized as Other Liabilities

Financial instrument credit losses apply to off-balance sheet credit exposures such as unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit. A liability for expected credit losses for off-balance sheet exposures is recognized if the entity has a present contractual obligation to extend the credit and the obligation is not unconditionally cancellable by the entity. Changes in this allowance are reflected in other operating expenses within the non-interest expense category. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, the total unfunded commitment off-balance sheet credit exposure was ~~$1.6~~$1.8 million.

Individually Evaluated Loans

All loans not included in the vintage analysis method that exceed $250,000, which are on nonaccrual status, are evaluated on an individual basis. Arrow made the policy election to apply a practical expedient for collateral dependent financial assets when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the repayment is expected through the sale of the collateral. This allows Arrow to use fair value of the collateral at the reporting date adjusted for estimated cost to sell when recording the net carrying amount of the asset and determining the allowance for credit losses for a financial asset. In the event where the repayment of a collateral dependent financial asset is expected to be provided substantially through the operating of the collateral, Arrow will use fair value of the collateral at the reporting date when recording the net carrying amount of the asset and determining the allowance for credit losses. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, there were ~~four~~five total relationships identified to be evaluated for loss on an individual basis which had an amortized cost basis of ~~$4.7~~$5.0 million and none had an allowance for credit loss.

The following tables present the amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans by class of loans as of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


September 30, 2022		Collateral Type -Residential Real Estate		Collateral Type - Commercial Real Estate		Total Loans
March 31, 2023								March 31, 2023	Collateral Type -Residential Real Estate		Collateral Type - Commercial Real Estate		Total Loans
Commercial	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial Real Estate	Commercial Real Estate	—		3,166		3,166		Commercial Real Estate	—		3,027		3,027
Consumer	Consumer	—		—		—		Consumer	—		—		—
Residential	Residential	1,494		—		1,494		Residential	1,949		—		1,949
Total	Total	$	1,494	$	3,166	$	4,660	Total	$	1,949	$	3,027	$	4,976


December 31, 2021		Collateral Type -Residential Real Estate		Collateral Type - Commercial Real Estate		Total Loans
December 31, 2022								December 31, 2022	Collateral Type -Residential Real Estate		Collateral Type - Commercial Real Estate		Total Loans
Commercial	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial Real Estate	Commercial Real Estate	—		6,732		6,732		Commercial Real Estate	—		3,110		3,110
Consumer	Consumer	—		—		—		Consumer	—		—		—
Residential	Residential	673		—		673		Residential	1,963		—		1,963
Total	Total	$	673	$	6,732	$	7,405	Total	$	1,963	$	3,110	$	5,073

September 30, 2021 Collateral Type -Residential Real Estate Collateral Type - Commercial Real Estate Total Loans
Commercial $ — $ — $ —
Commercial Real Estate — 7,254 7,254
Consumer — — —
Residential 676 — 676
Total $ 676 $ 7,254 $ 7,930


March 31, 2022	Collateral Type -Residential Real Estate		Collateral Type - Commercial Real Estate		Total Loans
Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—
Commercial Real Estate	—		6,014		6,014
Consumer	—		—		—
Residential	415		—		415
Total	$	415	$	6,014	$	6,429


Allowance for Credit Losses - Collectively and Individually Evaluated	Allowance for Credit Losses - Collectively and Individually Evaluated									Allowance for Credit Losses - Collectively and Individually Evaluated
		Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Residential			Total			Commercial		Commercial Real Estate		Consumer		Residential		Total
September 30, 2022
March 31, 2023													March 31, 2023
Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	$	138,973	$	676,051	$	1,055,585	$	1,049,525		$	2,920,134	Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	$	135,917	$	712,330	$	1,073,369	$	1,078,760	$	3,000,376
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	2,005		14,866		2,521		9,840			29,232		Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	1,737		15,502		2,863		10,682		30,784

Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	—		3,166		—		1,494			4,660		Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	—		3,027		—		1,949		4,976
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	—		—		—		—			—		Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	—		—		—		—		—

December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022													December 31, 2022
Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	$	172,518	$	622,197	$	920,556	$	945,265		$	2,660,536	Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	$	140,293	$	703,912	$	1,065,135	$	1,068,794	$	2,978,134
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	2,298		12,537		2,402		9,445			$	26,682	Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	1,961		15,213		2,585		10,193		$	29,952
Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	—		6,732		—		673			7,405		Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	—		3,110		—		1,963		5,073
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	—		599		—		—			599		Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	—		—		—		—		—

September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022													March 31, 2022
Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	$	188,191	$	607,827	$	921,189	$	929,614		$	2,646,821	Ending Loan Balance - Collectively Evaluated	$	155,467	$	632,423	$	976,648	$	966,300	$	2,730,838
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	2,424		13,055		2,288		8,573			26,340		Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Collectively Evaluated	2,515		12,960		2,510		9,094		27,079
Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	—		7,254		—		676			7,930		Ending Loan Balance - Individually Evaluated	—		6,014		—		415		6,429
Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	—		616		—		—			616		Allowance for Credit Losses - Loans Individually Evaluated	—		582		—		—		582

Through the provision for credit losses, an allowance for credit losses is maintained that reflects the best estimate of the calculated expected credit losses in Arrow's loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Additions are made to the allowance for credit losses through a periodic provision for credit losses. Actual credit losses are charged against the allowance for credit losses when loans are deemed uncollectible and recoveries of amounts previously charged off are recorded as credits to the allowance for credit losses.

Arrow's loan officers and risk managers meet at least quarterly to discuss and review the conditions and risks associated with certain criticized and classified commercial-related relationships. In addition, the independent internal loan review department performs periodic reviews of the credit quality indicators on individual loans in the commercial loan portfolio.

Arrow considers the need to qualitatively adjust expected credit loss estimates for information not already captured in the loss estimation process. These qualitative factor adjustments may increase or decrease management’s estimate of expected credit losses. Adjustments are not made for information that has already been considered and included in the loss estimation process.

Arrow considers the qualitative factors that are relevant as of the reporting date, which may include, but are not limited to the following factors:

•The nature and volume of Arrow's financial assets;

•The existence, growth, and effect of any concentrations of credit;

•The volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of nonaccrual loans, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans;

•The value of the underlying collateral for loans that are not collateral-dependent;

•Arrow's lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and practices for collections, write-offs, and recoveries;

•The quality of Arrow's loan review function;

•The experience, ability, and depth of Arrow's lending, investment, collection, and other relevant management/staff;

•The effect of other external factors such as the regulatory, legal and technological environments; competition; and events such as natural disasters;

•Actual and expected changes in international, national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments in which the institution operates that affect the collectability of financial assets; and,

•Other qualitative factors not reflected in quantitative loss rate calculations.

Loan Credit Quality Indicators

The Company adopted ASU 2022-02, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)" ("ASU 2022-02") effective January 1, 2023. ASU 2022-02 requires that entities disclose current-period gross charge-offs by year of origination for loans and leases, which has been incorporated in the credit quality table below. There were no new borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in the first quarter of 2023, and only one new immaterial TDR in the first quarter of 2022.

The following tables present credit quality indicators by total loans amortized cost basis by origination year as of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


		Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total			Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
September 30, 2022		2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total															Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
March 31, 2023																				March 31, 2023	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
Commercial:	Commercial:																			Commercial:													Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Satisfactory	Satisfactory	$	34,589	$	31,762	$	26,654	$	7,554	$	9,605	$	11,194	$	8,008	$	—	$	129,366	Satisfactory	$	4,727	$	35,164	$	26,254	$	12,765	$	6,830	$	35,014	$	8,095	$	—	$	128,849
Special mention	Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		35		35		—		70		Special mention	—		—		—		150		—		26		26		—		202
Substandard	Substandard	—		3,318		479		445		—		37		5,258		—		9,537		Substandard	—		—		—		230		420		3,420		2,796		—		6,866
Doubtful	Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Loans	Total Commercial Loans	$	34,589	$	35,080	$	27,133	$	7,999	$	9,605	$	11,266	$	13,301	$	—	$	138,973	Total Commercial Loans	$	4,727	$	35,164	$	26,254	$	13,145	$	7,250	$	38,460	$	10,917	$	—	$	135,917

Current-period gross charge-offs																				Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Commercial Real Estate:	Commercial Real Estate:																			Commercial Real Estate:
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Satisfactory	Satisfactory	$	106,549	$	136,306	$	247,780	$	40,959	$	30,667	$	64,934	$	3,052	$	—	$	630,247	Satisfactory	$	12,605	$	157,534	$	115,019	$	122,364	$	42,710	$	212,115	$	1,679	$	—	$	664,026
Special mention	Special mention	9,801		—		2,973		—		4,315		1,425		—		—		18,514		Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		5,043		—		—		5,043
Substandard	Substandard	9,531		4,723		11,352		1,133		93		3,403		221		—		30,456		Substandard	—		10,150		—		5,472		806		29,832		28		—		46,288
Doubtful	Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Real Estate Loans	Total Commercial Real Estate Loans	$	125,881	$	141,029	$	262,105	$	42,092	$	35,075	$	69,762	$	3,273	$	—	$	679,217	Total Commercial Real Estate Loans	$	12,605	$	167,684	$	115,019	$	127,836	$	43,516	$	246,990	$	1,707	$	—	$	715,357

Current-period gross charge-offs																				Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Consumer:	Consumer:																			Consumer:
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Performing	Performing	$	406,206	$	309,006	$	172,974	$	101,458	$	47,874	$	15,933	$	483	$	—	$	1,053,934	Performing	$	71,838	$	379,339	$	261,675	$	138,034	$	75,650	$	143,190	$	—	$	—	$	1,069,726
Nonperforming	Nonperforming	268		583		351		304		58		87		—		—		1,651		Nonperforming	—		1,030		1,090		434		261		371		457		—		3,643
Total Consumer Loans	Total Consumer Loans	$	406,474	$	309,589	$	173,325	$	101,762	$	47,932	$	16,020	$	483	$	—	$	1,055,585	Total Consumer Loans	$	71,838	$	380,369	$	262,765	$	138,468	$	75,911	$	143,561	$	457	$	—	$	1,073,369

Current-period gross charge-offs																				Current-period gross charge-offs	$	55	$	305	$	570	$	213	$	111	$	74	$	—	$	—	$	1,328

Residential:	Residential:																			Residential:
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Performing	Performing	$	163,702	$	209,408	$	173,435	$	84,370	$	61,907	$	232,021	$	122,191	$	—	$	1,047,034	Performing	$	15,565	$	219,336	$	197,436	$	124,992	$	80,986	$	323,945	$	113,220	$	—	$	1,075,480
Nonperforming	Nonperforming	—		257		939		28		318		2,268		175		—		3,985		Nonperforming	—		550		435		939		636		2,462		207		—		5,229
Total Residential Loans	Total Residential Loans	$	163,702	$	209,665	$	174,374	$	84,398	$	62,225	$	234,289	$	122,366	$	—	$	1,051,019	Total Residential Loans	$	15,565	$	219,886	$	197,871	$	125,931	$	81,622	$	326,407	$	113,427	$	—	$	1,080,709

Current-period gross charge-offs																				Current-period gross charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Total Loans	Total Loans	$	730,646	$	695,363	$	636,937	$	236,251	$	154,837	$	331,337	$	139,423	$	—	$	2,924,794	Total Loans	$	104,735	$	803,103	$	601,909	$	405,380	$	208,299	$	755,418	$	126,508	$	—	$	3,005,352


	Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
December 31, 2022	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior
Commercial:
Risk rating
Satisfactory	$	42,038	$	28,718	$	16,870	$	7,857	$	8,129	$	20,379	$	8,909	$	—	$	132,900
Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		30		30		—		60
Substandard	—		—		255		478		—		3,464		3,136		—		7,333
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Loans	$	42,038	$	28,718	$	17,125	$	8,335	$	8,129	$	23,873	$	12,075	$	—	$	140,293

Commercial Real Estate:
Risk rating
Satisfactory	$	152,858	$	115,111	$	121,811	$	43,647	$	63,913	$	159,876	$	1,603	$	—	$	658,819
Special mention	9,678		—		—		—		789		241		—		—		10,708
Substandard	607		—		5,807		812		4,371		25,677		221		—		37,495
Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Real Estate Loans	$	163,143	$	115,111	$	127,618	$	44,459	$	69,073	$	185,794	$	1,824	$	—	$	707,022

Consumer:
Risk rating
Performing	$	482,530	$	284,831	$	154,819	$	88,165	$	38,852	$	12,032	$	504	$	—	$	1,061,733
Nonperforming	758		1,468		607		325		157		87		—		—		3,402
Total Consumer Loans	$	483,288	$	286,299	$	155,426	$	88,490	$	39,009	$	12,119	$	504	$	—	$	1,065,135

Residential:
Risk rating
Performing	$	210,565	$	198,195	$	128,372	$	82,965	$	74,281	$	259,787	$	111,563	$	—	$	1,065,728
Nonperforming	—		255		939		597		520		2,311		407		—		5,029
Total Residential Loans	$	210,565	$	198,450	$	129,311	$	83,562	$	74,801	$	262,098	$	111,970	$	—	$	1,070,757

Total Loans	$	899,034	$	628,578	$	429,480	$	224,846	$	191,012	$	483,884	$	126,373	$	—	$	2,983,207

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis Revolving Loan Converted to Term Total
December 31, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior
Commercial:
Risk rating
Satisfactory $ 75,615 $ 35,522 $ 11,591 $ 11,661 $ 7,792 $ 3,442 $ 12,783 $ — $ 158,406
Special mention — — 3 — — 5,899 — — 5,902
Substandard 3,541 3,791 589 — 25 12 252 — 8,210
Doubtful — — — — — — — — —
Total Commercial Loans $ 79,156 $ 39,313 $ 12,183 $ 11,661 $ 7,817 $ 9,353 $ 13,035 $ — $ 172,518
Commercial Real Estate:
Risk rating
Satisfactory $ 140,636 $ 276,461 $ 42,369 $ 37,997 $ 22,155 $ 59,698 $ 1,923 $ — $ 581,239
Special mention — 7,893 1,204 — 137 1,906 — — 11,140
Substandard 7,248 16,405 3,910 96 — 8,867 24 — 36,550
Doubtful — — — — — — — — —
Total Commercial Real Estate Loans $ 147,884 $ 300,759 $ 47,483 $ 38,093 $ 22,292 $ 70,471 $ 1,947 $ — $ 628,929
Consumer:
Risk rating
Performing $ 402,558 $ 239,492 $ 154,517 $ 82,673 $ 29,587 $ 9,578 $ 455 $ — $ 918,860
Nonperforming 388 399 502 151 160 96 — — 1,696
Total Consumer Loans $ 402,946 $ 239,891 $ 155,019 $ 82,824 $ 29,747 $ 9,674 $ 455 $ — $ 920,556
Residential:
Risk rating
Performing $ 187,708 $ 146,113 $ 93,547 $ 88,505 $ 93,524 $ 215,679 $ 118,595 $ — $ 943,671
Nonperforming — 133 — 27 162 1,907 38 — 2,267
Total Residential Loans $ 187,708 $ 146,246 $ 93,547 $ 88,532 $ 93,686�� $ 217,586 $ 118,633 $ — $ 945,938
Total Loans $ 817,694 $ 726,209 $ 308,232 $ 221,110 $ 153,542 $ 307,084 $ 134,070 $ — $ 2,667,941


		Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total			Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year												Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
September 30, 2021		2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total															Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
March 31, 2022																				March 31, 2022	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
Commercial:	Commercial:																			Commercial:													Revolving Loans Amortized Cost Basis		Revolving Loan Converted to Term		Total
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Satisfactory	Satisfactory	$	81,914	$	38,970	$	13,966	$	12,860	$	8,511	$	3,917	$	12,796	$	—	$	172,934	Satisfactory	$	8,048	$	49,980	$	31,869	$	10,454	$	11,149	$	22,662	$	7,656	$	—	$	141,818
Special mention	Special mention	—		652		51		—		—		5,499		—		—		6,202		Special mention	—		—		—		—		—		50		—		—		50
Substandard	Substandard	3,575		4,496		636		—		31		295		22		—		9,055		Substandard	—		3,504		3,593		541		—		—		5,961		—		13,599
Doubtful	Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Loans	Total Commercial Loans	$	85,489	$	44,118	$	14,653	$	12,860	$	8,542	$	9,711	$	12,818	$	—	$	188,191	Total Commercial Loans	$	8,048	$	53,484	$	35,462	$	10,995	$	11,149	$	22,712	$	13,617	$	—	$	155,467

Commercial Real Estate:	Commercial Real Estate:																			Commercial Real Estate:
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Satisfactory	Satisfactory	$	96,419	$	290,785	$	47,605	$	41,215	$	22,661	$	62,203	$	2,935	$	—	$	563,823	Satisfactory	$	22,582	$	143,784	$	270,523	$	42,126	$	37,604	$	75,806	$	1,554	$	—	$	593,979
Special mention	Special mention	—		16,829		1,227		—		139		1,976		—		—		20,171		Special mention	627		—		5,825		1,193		—		1,213		—		—		8,858
Substandard	Substandard	7,248		10,359		3,950		146		—		9,384		—		—		31,087		Substandard	2,241		4,852		16,073		3,877		95		8,462		—		—		35,600
Doubtful	Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial Real Estate Loans	Total Commercial Real Estate Loans	$	103,667	$	317,973	$	52,782	$	41,361	$	22,800	$	73,563	$	2,935	$	—	$	615,081	Total Commercial Real Estate Loans	$	25,450	$	148,636	$	292,421	$	47,196	$	37,699	$	85,481	$	1,554	$	—	$	638,437

Consumer:	Consumer:																			Consumer:
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Performing	Performing	$	330,952	$	264,963	$	175,448	$	97,563	$	37,112	$	13,572	$	477	$	—	$	920,087	Performing	$	155,883	$	369,231	$	215,735	$	134,973	$	69,783	$	29,427	$	462	$	—	$	975,494
Nonperforming	Nonperforming	203		319		332		160		30		58		—		—		1,102		Nonperforming	—		321		296		293		138		106		—		—		1,154
Total Consumer Loans	Total Consumer Loans	$	331,155	$	265,282	$	175,780	$	97,723	$	37,142	$	13,630	$	477	$	—	$	921,189	Total Consumer Loans	$	155,883	$	369,552	$	216,031	$	135,266	$	69,921	$	29,533	$	462	$	—	$	976,648

Residential:	Residential:																			Residential:
Risk rating	Risk rating																			Risk rating
Performing	Performing	$	124,536	$	154,071	$	101,678	$	94,621	$	97,457	$	231,375	$	124,231	$	—	$	927,969	Performing	$	37,795	$	193,693	$	144,671	$	89,415	$	83,582	$	294,391	$	120,949	$	—	$	964,496
Nonperforming	Nonperforming	—		336		—		155		213		1,586		31		—		2,321		Nonperforming	—		—		133		—		27		1,739		320		—		2,219
Total Residential Loans	Total Residential Loans	$	124,536	$	154,407	$	101,678	$	94,776	$	97,670	$	232,961	$	124,262	$	—	$	930,290	Total Residential Loans	$	37,795	$	193,693	$	144,804	$	89,415	$	83,609	$	296,130	$	121,269	$	—	$	966,715

Total Loans	Total Loans	$	644,847	$	781,780	$	344,893	$	246,720	$	166,154	$	329,865	$	140,492	$	—	$	2,654,751	Total Loans	$	227,176	$	765,365	$	688,718	$	282,872	$	202,378	$	433,856	$	136,902	$	—	$	2,737,267

For the purposes of the table above, nonperforming consumer and residential loans were those loans on nonaccrual status or were 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest.

The recorded investment of consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceedings are in process is ~~$2.2~~$3.2 million.

For the allowance calculation, an internally developed system of five credit quality indicators is used to rate the credit worthiness of each commercial loan defined as follows:

1) Satisfactory - "Satisfactory" borrowers have acceptable financial condition with satisfactory record of earnings and sufficient historical and projected cash flow to service the debt. Borrowers have satisfactory repayment histories and primary and secondary sources of repayment can be clearly identified;

2) Special Mention - Loans in this category have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in the institution’s credit position at some future date. "Special mention" assets are not adversely classified and do not expose an institution to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification. Loans which might be assigned this credit quality indicator include loans to borrowers with deteriorating financial strength and/or earnings record and loans with potential for problems due to weakening economic or market conditions;

3) Substandard - Loans classified as “substandard” are inadequately protected by the current sound net worth or paying capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged, if any. Loans in this category have well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the repayment. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that Arrow will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. “Substandard” loans may include loans which are likely to require liquidation of collateral to effect repayment, and other loans where character or ability to repay has become suspect. Loss potential, while existing in the aggregate amount of substandard assets, does not have to exist in individual assets classified substandard;

4) Doubtful - Loans classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified as “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions, and values,

highly questionable and improbable. Although possibility of loss is extremely high, classification of these loans as “loss” has been deferred due to specific pending factors or events which may strengthen the value (e.g. possibility of additional collateral, injection of

capital, collateral liquidation, debt restructure, economic recovery, etc). Loans classified as “doubtful” need to be placed on non-accrual; and,

5) Loss - Loans classified as “loss” are considered uncollectible with collateral of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. As of the date of the balance sheet, all loans in this category have been charged-off to the allowance for loan losses.

Commercial loans are generally evaluated on an annual basis depending on the size and complexity of the loan relationship, unless the credit related quality indicator falls to a level of "special mention" or below, when the loan is evaluated quarterly. The credit quality indicator is one of the factors used in assessing the level of incurred risk of loss in our commercial related loan portfolios.

Pledged Loans ~~Modified in Trouble Debt Restructurings~~

As of March 31, 2023, the carrying cost for the FHLBNY collateral was approximately $930 million and approximately $982 million for the FRB. As of March 31, 2023, the fair value for the FHLBNY collateral was approximately $818 million and approximately $922 million for the FRB. As a result, Arrow’s available borrowing capacity at March 31, 2023 was $1.3 billion. This does not include access to the brokered CD market which is an additional source of available liquidity.

~~The following table presents information on loans modified in trouble debt restructurings during the periods indicated:~~

~~Loans Modified in Trouble Debt Restructurings During the Period~~

~~Commercial~~

~~Real Estate~~

~~Consumer~~

~~Residential~~

~~Total~~

~~For the Quarter Ended:~~

~~September 30, 2022~~

~~Number of Loans~~

—

~~Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment~~

—

~~Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment~~

—

~~Subsequent Default, Number of Contracts~~

—

~~Subsequent Default, Recorded Investment~~

—

~~September 30, 2021~~

~~Number of Loans~~

—

~~Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment~~

—

~~Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment~~

—

~~Subsequent Default, Number of Contracts~~

—

~~Subsequent Default, Recorded Investment~~

—

~~In general, prior to the COVID-19~~ ~~pandemic~~, loans requiring modification were restructured to accommodate the projected cash-flows of the borrower. Such modifications may involve a reduction of the interest rate, a significant deferral of payments or forgiveness of a portion of the outstanding principal balance. As indicated in the table above, no loans modified during the preceding twelve months subsequently defaulted as of September 30, 2022.

Note 5.6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (In Thousands)

The following table presents the notional amount and fair value of Arrow's off-balance sheet commitments to extend credit and commitments under standby letters of credit as of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of Credit	Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of Credit							Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of Credit
		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2022
Notional Amount:	Notional Amount:							Notional Amount:
Commitments to Extend Credit	Commitments to Extend Credit	$	440,167	$	402,280	$	431,452	Commitments to Extend Credit	$	478,253	$	424,197	$	438,055
Standby Letters of Credit	Standby Letters of Credit	3,445		3,223		3,392		Standby Letters of Credit	3,424		3,627		3,351
Fair Value:	Fair Value:							Fair Value:
Commitments to Extend Credit	Commitments to Extend Credit	$	—	$	—	$	—	Commitments to Extend Credit	$	—	$	—	$	—
Standby Letters of Credit	Standby Letters of Credit	—		24		21		Standby Letters of Credit	6		2		23

Arrow is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit include home equity lines of credit, commitments for residential and commercial construction loans and other personal and commercial lines of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets. The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of the involvement Arrow has in particular classes of financial instruments.

Arrow's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual notional amount of those instruments. Arrow uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are not expected to be fully drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Arrow evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. Home equity lines of credit are secured by residential real estate. Construction lines of credit are secured by underlying real estate. For other lines of credit, the amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by Arrow upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral held varies, but may include accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment, and income-producing commercial properties. Most of the commitments are variable rate instruments.

Arrow does not issue any guarantees that would require liability-recognition or disclosure, other than its standby letters of credit. Arrow has issued conditional commitments in the form of standby letters of credit to guarantee payment on behalf of a customer and guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Standby letters of credit generally arise in connection with commercial lending relationships. The credit risk involved in issuing these instruments is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. Contingent obligations under standby letters of credit at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 represent the maximum potential future payments Arrow could be required to make. Typically, these instruments have terms of 12 months or less and expire unused; therefore, the total amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Each customer is evaluated individually for creditworthiness under the same underwriting standards used for commitments to extend credit and on-balance sheet instruments. Arrow's policies governing loan collateral apply to standby letters of credit at the time of credit extension. Loan-to-value ratios will generally range from 50% for movable assets, such as inventory, to 100% for liquid assets, such as bank CD's. Fees for standby letters of credit range from 1% to 3% of the notional amount. Fees are collected upfront and amortized over the life of the commitment. The carrying amount and fair value of Arrow's standby letters of credit at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, were insignificant. The fair value of standby letters of credit is based on the fees currently charged for similar agreements or the cost to terminate the arrangement with the counterparties.

The fair value of commitments to extend credit is determined by estimating the fees to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms and present creditworthiness of the counterparties, and for fixed rate loan commitments, the difference between the current and committed interest rates. Arrow provides several types of commercial lines of credit and standby letters of

credit to its commercial customers. The pricing of these services is not isolated as Arrow considers the customer's complete deposit and borrowing relationship in pricing individual products and services. The commitments to extend credit also include commitments under home equity lines of credit, for which Arrow charges no fee. The carrying value and fair value of commitments to extend credit are not material and Arrow does not expect to incur any material loss as a result of these commitments.

In the normal course of business, Arrow and its subsidiary banks become involved in a variety of routine legal proceedings. At present, there are no legal proceedings pending or threatened, which in the opinion of management and counsel, would result in a material loss to ~~Arrow, except as noted below.~~Arrow.

Arrow, including its subsidiary banks, is not currently the subject of any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation occurring in the normal course of their business. On an ongoing basis, Arrow is often the subject of, or a party to, various legal claims by other parties against Arrow, by Arrow against other parties, or involving Arrow, which arise in the normal course of business. Except as noted below, the various pending legal claims against Arrow will not, in the opinion of management based upon consultation with counsel, result in any material liability.

2827

Note 6.7. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) ~~INCOME~~ (In Thousands)

The following table presents the components of other comprehensive income (loss) ~~income~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


Schedule of Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Schedule of Comprehensive Income (Loss)														Schedule of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
		Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,							Three Months Ended March 31,
				Tax						Tax							Tax
		Before-Tax		Benefit		Net-of-Tax		Before-Tax		Benefit		Net-of-Tax			Before-Tax		(Expense)		Net-of-Tax
		Amount		(Expense)		Amount		Amount		(Expense)		Amount			Amount		Benefit		Amount
2022
Net Unrealized Securities Holding Loss on Securities Available-for-Sale Arising During the Period		$	(27,945)	$	7,144	$	(20,801)	$	(70,945)	$	18,137	$	(52,808)
Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Swap		1,046		(268)		778		3,737		(956)		2,781
2023														2023
Net Unrealized Securities Holding Gain on Securities Available-for-Sale Arising During the Period														Net Unrealized Securities Holding Gain on Securities Available-for-Sale Arising During the Period	$	8,219	$	(2,120)	$	6,099
Net Unrealized Loss on Cash Flow Swap														Net Unrealized Loss on Cash Flow Swap	(800)		207		(593)

Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense		75		(20)		55		57		(15)		42
Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Loss		564		(144)		420		592		(151)		441
Reclassification of Net Unrealized Loss on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense														Reclassification of Net Unrealized Loss on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense	198		(51)		147
Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Gain														Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Gain	(25)		7		(18)
Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	57		(15)		42		171		(44)		127		Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	52		(15)		37
Other Comprehensive Loss		$	(26,203)	$	6,697	$	(19,506)	$	(66,388)	$	16,971	$	(49,417)
Other Comprehensive Income														Other Comprehensive Income	$	7,644	$	(1,972)	$	5,672

2021
2022														2022
Net Unrealized Securities Holding Loss on Securities Available-for-Sale Arising During the Period	Net Unrealized Securities Holding Loss on Securities Available-for-Sale Arising During the Period	$	(1,719)	$	440	$	(1,279)	$	(5,333)	$	1,364	$	(3,969)	Net Unrealized Securities Holding Loss on Securities Available-for-Sale Arising During the Period	$	(29,955)	$	7,659	$	(22,296)
Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Swap	Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Swap	245		(62)		183		1,281		(327)		954		Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Swap	1,512		(387)		1,125
Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense	Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense	(34)		9		(25)		(92)		24		(68)		Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense	(29)		8		(21)

Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Loss	Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Loss	22		(5)		17		68		(17)		51		Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Loss	57		(15)		42
Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	59		(16)		43		175		(46)		129		Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	7		(1)		6
Other Comprehensive Loss	Other Comprehensive Loss	$	(1,427)	$	366	$	(1,061)	$	(3,901)	$	998	$	(2,903)	Other Comprehensive Loss	$	(28,408)	$	7,264	$	(21,144)

2928

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income by component:


Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income by Component (1)	Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income by Component (1)																Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income by Component (1)

		Unrealized (Loss) and Gain on Available-for-Sale Securities				Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Swap			Defined Benefit Plan Items						Total				Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities				Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Swap			Defined Benefit Plan Items						Total
								Net Actuarial Loss			Net Prior Service Cost										Net Actuarial Loss					Net Prior Service Cost

For the Quarter-To-Date periods ended:
June 30, 2022				$	(32,621)							$	3,310				$	660				$	(913)		$	(29,564)
For the quarter-to-date periods ended:																	For the quarter-to-date periods ended:
December 31, 2022																	December 31, 2022		$	(48,841)			$	4,054		$	(4,467)		$	(401)		$	(49,655)
Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications	Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications			(20,801)				778			—			—					(20,023)		Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications	6,099			(593)			—			—			5,506
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss	Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss	—				55			420			42			517		Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss		—				147			(18)			37			166
Net current-period other comprehensive income or loss	Net current-period other comprehensive income or loss	(20,801)				833			420			42			(19,506)		Net current-period other comprehensive income or loss		6,099				(446)			(18)			37			5,672

September 30, 2022		$	(53,422)			$	4,143		$	1,080		$	(871)		$	(49,070)

June 30, 2021		$	3,109			$	1,213		$	(5,895)		$	(1,085)		$	(2,658)
Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications		(1,279)				183			—			—			(1,096)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss		—				(25)			17			43			35
Net current-period other comprehensive income or loss		(1,279)				158			17			43			(1,061)

September 30, 2021		$	1,830			$	1,371		$	(5,878)		$	(1,042)		$	(3,719)

For the Year-To-Date periods ended:
March 31, 2023																	March 31, 2023		$	(42,742)			$	3,608		$	(4,485)		$	(364)		$	(43,983)

December 31, 2021	December 31, 2021	$	(614)			$	1,320		$	639		$	(998)		$	347	December 31, 2021		$	(614)			$	1,320		$	639		$	(998)		$	347
Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications	Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications	(52,808)				2,781			—			—			(50,027)		Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications		(22,296)				1,125			—			—			(21,171)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss	Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss	—				42			441			127			610		Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income or loss		—				(21)			42			6			27
Net current-period other comprehensive income or loss		(52,808)				2,823			441			127			(49,417)
Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) or income																	Net current-period other comprehensive (loss) or income		(22,296)				1,104			42			6			(21,144)

September 30, 2022		$	(53,422)			$	4,143		$	1,080		$	(871)		$	(49,070)

December 31, 2020		$	5,799			$	485		$	(5,929)		$	(1,171)		$	(816)
Other comprehensive income or loss before reclassifications		(3,969)				954			—			—			(3,015)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		—				(68)			51			129			112
Net current-period other comprehensive income or loss		(3,969)				886			51			129			(2,903)

September 30, 2021		$	1,830			$	1,371		$	(5,878)		$	(1,042)		$	(3,719)
March 31, 2022																	March 31, 2022		$	(22,910)			$	2,424		$	681		$	(992)		$	(20,797)

(1) All amounts are net of tax.

3029

The following table presents the reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income or loss:

Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income or Loss

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income or Loss Components

Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income or Loss

Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income Is Presented

Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income or Loss Components

Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income or Loss

Affected Line Item in the Statement Where Net Income Is Presented

For the Quarter-to-date periods ended:

For the quarter-to-date periods ended:

September 30, 2022

March 31, 2023

Reclassification of Net Unrealized Loss on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense

(198)

Interest expense

Amortization of defined benefit pension items:

Prior-service costs

(52)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Actuarial gain

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

(225)

Total before Tax

Provision for Income Taxes

Total reclassifications for the period

(166)

Net of Tax

March 31, 2022

Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense

(75)

Interest expense

Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense

Interest expense

Amortization of defined benefit pension items:

Prior-service costs

(57)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Prior-service costs

(7)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Actuarial loss

(564)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Actuarial loss

(57)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

(696)

Total before Tax

(35)

Total before Tax

179

Provision for Income Taxes

Total reclassifications for the period

(517)

Net of Tax

Total reclassifications for the period

(27)

Net of Tax

September 30, 2021

Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense

Interest expense

Amortization of defined benefit pension items:

Prior-service costs

(59)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Actuarial loss

(22)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

(47)

Total before Tax

Provision for Income Taxes

Total reclassifications for the period

(35)

Net of Tax

For the Year-to-date periods ended:

September 30, 2022

Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense

(57)

Interest expense

Amortization of defined benefit pension items:

Prior-service costs

(171)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Actuarial loss

(592)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

(820)

Total before Tax

210

Provision for Income Taxes

Total reclassifications for the period

(610)

Net of Tax

September 30, 2021

Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense

Interest expense

Amortization of defined benefit pension items:

Prior-service costs

(175)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

Actuarial loss

(68)

(1)

Salaries and Employee Benefits

(151)

Total before Tax

Provision for Income Taxes

Total reclassifications for the period

(112)

Net of Tax

(1) These accumulated other comprehensive loss components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost.

3130

Note 7.8. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Dollars In Thousands, Except Share and Per Share Amounts)

Arrow has established three stock-based compensation plans: a Long Term Incentive Plan, an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) and an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP). All share and per share data have been adjusted for the September 23, 2022 3% stock dividend.

Long Term Incentive Plan

The Long Term Incentive Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance units and performance shares. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers the Long Term Incentive Plan.

Stock Options - Options may be granted at a price no less than the greater of the par value or fair market value of such shares on the date on which such option is granted, and generally expire ten years from the date of grant. The options usually vest over a four-year period.

The following table summarizes information about stock option activity for the year to date period ended ~~September 30, 2022:~~March 31, 2023:


		Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price			Shares			Weighted Average Exercise Price

Outstanding at January 1, 2022		278,899			$	27.62
Outstanding at January 1, 2023							Outstanding at January 1, 2023	279,050			$	29.41
Granted	Granted	58,710			34.79		Granted	56,000			32.41
Exercised	Exercised	(17,803)			20.56		Exercised	(3,772)			21.58
Forfeited	Forfeited	(18,844)			30.71		Forfeited	(1,306)			18.60
Outstanding at September 30, 2022		300,962			29.24
Outstanding at March 31, 2023							Outstanding at March 31, 2023	329,972			30.06

Vested at Period-End	Vested at Period-End	178,250			27.56		Vested at Period-End	198,989			28.59
Expected to Vest	Expected to Vest	122,712			31.68		Expected to Vest	130,983			32.28

Stock Options Granted	Stock Options Granted						Stock Options Granted
Weighted Average Grant Date Information:	Weighted Average Grant Date Information:						Weighted Average Grant Date Information:
Fair Value of Options Granted	Fair Value of Options Granted	$	7.43				Fair Value of Options Granted	$	8.02
Fair Value Assumptions:	Fair Value Assumptions:						Fair Value Assumptions:
Dividend Yield	Dividend Yield	2.90		%			Dividend Yield	3.30		%
Expected Volatility	Expected Volatility	27.15		%			Expected Volatility	28.38		%
Risk Free Interest Rate	Risk Free Interest Rate	1.69		%			Risk Free Interest Rate	3.57		%
Expected Lives (in years)	Expected Lives (in years)	8.56					Expected Lives (in years)	8.34

The following table presents information on the amounts expensed related to stock options for the three ~~and nine~~ month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

For the Three Months Ended September 30, For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Amount expensed $ 79 $ 71 $ 233 $ 212


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Amount expensed	$	85	$	75

Restricted Stock Units - The Company grants restricted stock units which gives the recipient the right to receive shares of Company stock upon vesting. The fair value of each restricted stock unit is the market value of Company stock on the date of grant. 100% of the restricted stock unit awards vest three years from the grant date. Once vested, the restricted stock units become vested units and are no longer forfeitable. Vested units ~~settle upon retirement of~~are not settled until the ~~recipient.~~recipient's employment has terminated. Unvested restricted stock unit awards will generally be forfeited if the recipient ceases to be employed by the Company, with limited exceptions.

3231

The following table summarizes information about restricted stock unit activity for the periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


						Restricted Stock Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2023					Non-vested at January 1, 2023	13,520	$	31.38
Granted					Granted	5,014	32.41
Vested					Vested	(4,182)	32.29

Non-vested at March 31, 2023					Non-vested at March 31, 2023	14,352	31.48
		Restricted Stock Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2022	Non-vested at January 1, 2022	13,599	$	29.27	Non-vested at January 1, 2022	13,599	29.27
Granted	Granted	4,312	34.79		Granted	4,312	34.79
Vested	Vested	(4,391)	28.17		Vested	(4,391)	28.17

Non-vested at September 30, 2022		13,520	31.38
Non-vested at March 31, 2022					Non-vested at March 31, 2022	13,520	31.38

Non-vested at January 1, 2021		12,373	29.81
Granted		5,026	27.71
Vested		(3,800)	28.95

Non-vested at September 30, 2021		13,599	29.27

The following table presents information on the amounts expensed related to restricted stock units for the periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

For the Three Months Ended September 30, For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
Amount expensed $ 35 $ 32 $ 105 $ 98


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Amount expensed	$	37	$	35

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

Arrow sponsors an ESPP under which employees may purchase Arrow's common stock at a discount below market price. The current amount of the discount is 5%. Under current accounting guidance, a stock purchase plan with a discount of 5% or less is not considered a compensatory plan. We have suspended the operation of the ESPP as a result of the delayed filing of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 ("2022 Form 10-K") and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 (this "Report") and the related effects under applicable securities laws.

Employee Stock Ownership Plan

Arrow maintains an ESOP, pursuant to which substantially all employees of Arrow and its subsidiaries are eligible to participate upon satisfaction of applicable service requirements. The Company makes cash contributions to the ESOP each year.

3332

Note 8.9. RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS (Dollars in Thousands)

Arrow sponsors qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefit plans for its employees. Arrow maintains a non-contributory pension plan, which covers substantially all employees. Effective December 1, 2002, all active participants in the qualified defined benefit pension plan were given a one-time irrevocable election to continue participating in the traditional plan design, for which benefits were based on years of service and the participant’s final compensation (as defined), or to begin participating in the new cash balance plan design. All employees who first participate in the plan after December 1, 2002 automatically participate in the cash balance plan design. The interest credits under the cash balance plan are based on the 30-year U.S. Treasury rate in effect for November of the prior year with a minimum interest credit of 3%. The service credits under the cash balance plan are equal to 6.0% of eligible salaries for employees who become participants on or after January 1, 2003. For employees in the plan prior to January 1, 2003, the service credits are scaled based on the age of the participant, and range from 6.0% to 12.0%. The funding policy is to contribute up to the maximum amount that can be deducted for federal income tax purposes and to make all payments required under The Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). Arrow also maintains a supplemental non-qualified unfunded retirement plan to provide eligible employees of Arrow and its subsidiaries with benefits in excess of qualified plan limits imposed by federal tax law.

Arrow has multiple non-pension postretirement benefit plans. The health care, dental and life insurance plans are contributory, with participants’ contributions adjusted annually. Arrow’s policy is to fund the cost of postretirement benefits based on the current cost of the underlying policies. However, the health care plan provision allows for grandfathered participants to receive automatic increases of Company contributions each year based on the increase in inflation, limited to a maximum of 5%.

As of December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, Arrow ~~began using~~uses the sex-distinct amount-weighted Pri-2012 mortality tables for employees, healthy ~~annuitants~~retirees and contingent survivors, ~~adjusted for~~with mortality improvements ~~with the~~projected using Scale MP-2021 ~~mortality improvement scale~~ on a generational basis for the Pension Plan and the sex-distinct amount-weighted White Collar tables for employees, healthy ~~annuitants~~retirees and contingent survivors, ~~adjusted for~~with mortality improvements ~~with the scale~~projected using Scale MP-2021 ~~mortality improvement scale~~ on a generational basis for the Select Executive Retirement Plan. As of December 31, 2021, Arrow began using the sex-distinct Pri.H-2012 headcount-weighted mortality tables for employees and healthy annuitants, adjusted for mortality improvements with the Scale MP-2021 mortality improvement scale on a generational basis.

Segment interest rates of ~~1.02%~~5.09%, ~~2.72%~~5.60%, ~~3.08%~~5.41% were used in determining the present value of a lump sum payment/annuitizing cash balance accounts ~~for the 2021 plan year.~~as of December 31, 2022.

Effective January 1, 2021, ~~Glens Falls National~~GFNB amended the Arrow Financial Corporation Employees' Pension Plan (the "Plan"). The Plan change was adopted January 1, 2021 and the amendment was valued as of December 31, 2020. The Plan amendment was as follows:

Effective January 1, 2021, the benefit payable to or on behalf of each participant:

• whose employment with the Employer (or any predecessor Employer, except as noted below) terminated on or before
January 1, 2016;

• who satisfied the requirements for early, normal, or late retirement as of such termination;

• who never participated in the United Vermont Bancorporation Plan; and

• who is, or whose beneficiary is, receiving monthly benefit payments from the Plan as of January 1, 2021 (including a
participant or beneficiary who shall commence receiving benefits from the Plan as of January 1, 2021), shall be increased
by 3%.

The foregoing increase was applied to the monthly benefit actually payable to the participant, or to the participant's beneficiary, as of January 1, 2021, determined after all applicable adjustments, regardless of whether such benefit had been determined under the Company's plan or the plan of a predecessor employer that had been merged into the Plan.

The plan amendment caused a $351,638 increase in the projected benefit obligation creating a positive service cost which will be amortized over 9.70 years (the average expected future service of active plan participants.)

Effective January 1, 2021, ~~Glens Falls National~~GFNB amended the Arrow Financial Corporation Employees' Select Executive Retirement Plan. The plan change was adopted January 1, 2021 and the amendment was valued as of December 31, 2020. The plan amendment provides a special adjustment to the monthly benefit payment for certain retirees. The plan amendment caused a $122,797 increase in the projected benefit obligation creating a positive prior service cost which will be amortized over 12.5 years.

Settlement accounting is required when lump sum payments during a fiscal year exceed that fiscal year's Service Cost plus Interest Cost components of the Net Periodic Pension Cost. For 2022, the sum of the Service Cost and Interest Cost ~~is expected to be $3,316,118~~was $3.3 million and the 2022 total lump sum payments ~~through September 30, 2022 have~~ exceeded that ~~amount.~~amount by the end of the third quarter 2022. The Plan ~~must~~ therefore ~~recognize~~recognized in the 2022 Net Periodic Pension Cost a portion of the Unamortized Net (Gain)/Loss equal to the ratio of the projected benefit obligation for the participants that received a lump sum to the total projected benefit obligation. As of December 31, 2022, the Unamortized Net ~~(Gain)/~~Loss prior to reflecting settlement accounting ~~is projected to be approximately $7,000,000.~~was $7.2 million. The ratio of the projected benefit obligation for participants that received a lump sum to the total projected benefit obligation ~~is 7.91%~~was 8.06%. The effect of the settlement that ~~must be~~was recognized in the 2022 Net Periodic Pension Cost ~~is estimated at September 30, 2022 to be $550,000,~~was $577 thousand, which ~~has been~~was fully reflected in the 2022 Net Periodic ~~Cost~~Cost. Settlement accounting was not required for the ~~quarter~~three-month period ended ~~September 30, 2022 .~~March 31, 2023.

The following tables provide the components of net periodic benefit costs for the ~~three and nine-month~~three-month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:

Employees' Select Executive Postretirement
Pension Retirement Benefit
Plan Plan Plans
Net Periodic Cost
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2022:
Service Cost 1
$ 469 $ 208 $ 23
Interest Cost 2
360 57 61


									Employees'		Select Executive		Postretirement
									Pension		Retirement		Benefit
									Plan		Plan		Plans
Net Periodic Cost								Net Periodic Cost
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023:								For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023:
Service Cost 1								Service Cost 1	$	413	$	163	$	18
Interest Cost 2								Interest Cost 2	530		62		87
Expected Return on Plan Assets 2	Expected Return on Plan Assets 2	(1,078)		—		—		Expected Return on Plan Assets 2	(857)		—		—
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2	Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2	19		11		27		Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2	16		10		26
Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2	Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2	550		53		(39)		Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2	36		18		(79)
Net Periodic Cost	Net Periodic Cost	$	320	$	329	$	72	Net Periodic Cost	$	138	$	253	$	52

Plan Contributions During the Period	Plan Contributions During the Period	$	—	$	116	$	43	Plan Contributions During the Period	$	—	$	116	$	27

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022:								For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022:
Service Cost 1	Service Cost 1	$	484	$	146	$	27	Service Cost 1	$	488	$	147	$	27
Interest Cost 2	Interest Cost 2	340		48		62		Interest Cost 2	367		51		64
Expected Return on Plan Assets 2	Expected Return on Plan Assets 2	(945)		—		—		Expected Return on Plan Assets 2	(1,099)		—		—
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2	Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2	20		12		27		Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2	19		11		27
Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2	Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2	—		44		(22)		Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2	—		39		(32)
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	$	(101)	$	250	$	94	Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost	$	(225)	$	248	$	86

Plan Contributions During the Period	Plan Contributions During the Period	$	—	$	118	$	32	Plan Contributions During the Period	$	—	$	116	$	55

Net Periodic Benefit Cost
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022:
Service Cost 1		$	1,408	$	626	$	68
Interest Cost 2		1,079		169		185
Expected Return on Plan Assets 2		(3,235)		—		—
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2		58		33		80
Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2		550		159		(117)
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost		$	(140)	$	987	$	216

Plan Contributions During the Period		$	—	$	347	$	131

Estimated Future Contributions in the Current Fiscal Year	Estimated Future Contributions in the Current Fiscal Year	$	—	$	116	$	43	Estimated Future Contributions in the Current Fiscal Year	$	—	$	154	$	81

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021:
Service Cost 1		$	1,451	$	437	$	82
Interest Cost 2		1,023		143		186
Expected Return on Plan Assets 2		(2,835)		—		—
Amortization of Prior Service Cost 2		59		36		80
Amortization of Net Loss (Gain) 2		—		134		(66)
Net Periodic (Benefit) Cost		$	(302)	$	750	$	282

Plan Contributions During the Period		$	—	$	354	$	87

Footnotes:

1. Included in Salaries and Employee Benefits on the Consolidated Statements of Income

2. Included in Other Operating Expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income

A contribution to the qualified pension plan was not required during the period ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and currently, additional contributions in ~~2022~~2023 are not expected. Arrow makes contributions to its other post-retirement benefit plans in an amount equal to benefit payments for the year.

Note 9.10. EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE (In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)

The following table presents a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share (EPS) for periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021.~~2022. When applicable, share and per share amounts have been adjusted for the September 23, 2022, 3% stock dividend.


Earnings Per Share	Earnings Per Share									Earnings Per Share
		Three Months Ended				Year-to-Date Period Ended:					Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021			March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share - Basic:	Earnings Per Share - Basic:									Earnings Per Share - Basic:
Net Income	Net Income	$	12,163	$	12,989	$	36,712	$	39,548	Net Income	$	8,562	$	12,575
Weighted Average Shares - Basic	Weighted Average Shares - Basic	16,512		16,508		16,506		16,495		Weighted Average Shares - Basic	16,552		16,511
Earnings Per Share - Basic	Earnings Per Share - Basic	$	0.74	$	0.79	$	2.22	$	2.40	Earnings Per Share - Basic	$	0.52	$	0.76

Earnings Per Share - Diluted:	Earnings Per Share - Diluted:									Earnings Per Share - Diluted:
Net Income	Net Income	$	12,163	$	12,989	$	36,712	$	39,548	Net Income	$	8,562	$	12,575
Weighted Average Shares - Basic	Weighted Average Shares - Basic	16,512		16,508		16,506		16,495		Weighted Average Shares - Basic	16,552		16,511
Dilutive Average Shares Attributable to Stock Options	Dilutive Average Shares Attributable to Stock Options	46		60		47		59		Dilutive Average Shares Attributable to Stock Options	12		55
Weighted Average Shares - Diluted	Weighted Average Shares - Diluted	16,558		16,568		16,553		16,554		Weighted Average Shares - Diluted	16,564		16,566
Earnings Per Share - Diluted	Earnings Per Share - Diluted	$	0.74	$	0.78	$	2.22	$	2.39	Earnings Per Share - Diluted	$	0.52	$	0.76

3634

Note ~~10.~~11. FAIR VALUES (Dollars In Thousands)

Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Subtopic 820-10 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP and requires certain disclosures about fair value measurements. There are no nonfinancial assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The only assets or liabilities that Arrow measured at fair value on a recurring basis at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 were AFS securities, ~~available-for-sale,~~ equity securities and derivatives. Arrow held no securities or liabilities for trading on such dates.

The table below presents the financial instrument's fair value and the amounts within the fair value hierarchy based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement:


Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis	Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis									Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis
				Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:									Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
		Fair Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)			Fair Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis:	Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis:									Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis:
September 30, 2022
March 31, 2023										March 31, 2023
Assets:	Assets:									Assets:
Securities Available-for Sale:	Securities Available-for Sale:									Securities Available-for Sale:
U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	$	163,965	$	—	$	163,965	$	—	U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	$	177,585	$	—	$	177,585	$	—
State and Municipal Obligations	State and Municipal Obligations	340		—		340		—		State and Municipal Obligations	320		—		320		—
Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	409,949		—		409,949		—		Mortgage-Backed Securities	386,988		—		386,988		—
Corporate and Other Debt Securities	Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		—		800		—		Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		—		800		—
Total Securities Available-for-Sale	Total Securities Available-for-Sale	575,054		—		575,054		—		Total Securities Available-for-Sale	565,693		—		565,693		—
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	2,126		—		2,126		—		Equity Securities	2,070		—		2,070		—
Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	577,180		—		577,180		—		Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	567,763		—		567,763		—
Derivatives, included in other assets	Derivatives, included in other assets	8,508		—		8,508		—		Derivatives, included in other assets	6,206		—		6,206		—
Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	585,688	$	—	$	585,688	$	—	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	573,969	$	—	$	573,969	$	—
Liabilities:	Liabilities:									Liabilities:
Derivatives, included in other liabilities	Derivatives, included in other liabilities	8,508		—		8,508		—		Derivatives, included in other liabilities	6,206		—		6,206		—
Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	8,508	$	—	$	8,508	$	—	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	6,206	$	—	$	6,206	$	—
December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022										December 31, 2022
Assets:	Assets:									Assets:
Securities Available-for Sale:	Securities Available-for Sale:									Securities Available-for Sale:
U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	$	108,365	$	—	$	108,365	$	—	U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	$	175,199	$	—	$	175,199	$	—
State and Municipal Obligations	State and Municipal Obligations	400		—		400		—		State and Municipal Obligations	340		—		340		—
Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	449,751		—		449,751		—		Mortgage-Backed Securities	397,156		—		397,156		—
Corporate and Other Debt Securities	Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		—		800		—		Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		—		800		—
Total Securities Available-for-Sale	Total Securities Available-for-Sale	559,316		—		559,316		—		Total Securities Available-for-Sale	573,495		—		573,495		—
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	1,747		—		1,747		—		Equity Securities	2,174		—		2,174		—

3735


Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis	Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis									Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis
				Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:									Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
		Fair Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)			Fair Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	561,063		—		561,063		—		Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	575,669		—		575,669		—
Derivatives, included in other liabilities	Derivatives, included in other liabilities	2,083		—		2,083		—		Derivatives, included in other liabilities	7,506		—		7,506		—
Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	563,146	$	—	$	563,146	$	—	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	583,175	$	—	$	583,175	$	—
Liabilities:	Liabilities:									Liabilities:
Derivatives, included in other liabilities	Derivatives, included in other liabilities	2,083		—		2,083		—		Derivatives, included in other liabilities	$	7,506	—		$	7,506	—
Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	2,083	$	—	$	2,083	$	—	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	7,506	$	—	$	7,506	$	—
September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022										March 31, 2022
Assets:	Assets:									Assets:
Securities Available-for Sale:	Securities Available-for Sale:									Securities Available-for Sale:
U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	$	109,305	$	—	$	109,305	$	—	U.S. Government & Agency Obligations	$	132,744	$	—	$	132,744	$	—
State and Municipal Obligations	State and Municipal Obligations	400		—		400		—		State and Municipal Obligations	380		—		380		—
Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	376,395		—		376,395		—		Mortgage-Backed Securities	448,504		—		448,504		—
Corporate and Other Debt Securities	Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		—		800		—		Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		—		800		—
Total Securities Available-for-Sale	Total Securities Available-for-Sale	486,900		—		486,900		—		Total Securities Available-for-Sale	582,428		—		582,428		—
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	1,886		—		1,886		—		Equity Securities	1,877		—		1,877		—
Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	488,786	$	—	$	488,786	$	—	Total Securities Measured on a Recurring Basis	584,305		—		584,305		—
Derivatives, included in other assets	Derivatives, included in other assets	2,287		$	—	2,287		—		Derivatives, included in other assets	4,131		—		4,131		—
Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	491,073	$	—	$	491,073	$	—	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	588,436	$	—	$	588,436	$	—
Liabilities:	Liabilities:									Liabilities:
Derivatives, included in other liabilities	Derivatives, included in other liabilities	2,287		—		2,287		—		Derivatives, included in other liabilities	4,131		—		4,131		—
Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	2,287	$	—	$	2,287	$	—	Total Measured on a Recurring Basis	$	4,131	$	—	$	4,131	$	—


		Fair Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Gains (Losses) Recognized in Earnings		Fair Value		Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Gains (Losses) Recognized in Earnings
Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis:	Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis:										Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis:
September 30, 2022
March 31, 2023											March 31, 2023
Collateral Dependent Evaluated Loans	Collateral Dependent Evaluated Loans	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—		Collateral Dependent Evaluated Loans	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	604		—		—		604		—	Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	144		—		—		144		—
December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022											December 31, 2022
Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans	Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans	$	2,457	$	—	$	—	$	2,457		Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	126		—		—		126		—	Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	593		—		—		593		—
September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022											March 31, 2022
Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans	Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans	$	2,456	$	—	$	—	$	2,456		Collateral Dependent Impaired Loans	$	2,168	$	—	$	—	$	2,168
Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	351		—		—		351		13	Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessed Assets, Net	180		—		—		180		—

3836

The fair value of financial instruments is determined under the following hierarchy:

•Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;

•Level 2 - Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and,

•Level 3 - Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e., supported by little or no market activity).

Fair Value Methodology for Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis

The fair value of Level 1 AFS securities ~~available-for-sale~~ are based on unadjusted, quoted market prices from exchanges in active markets. The fair value of Level 2 AFS securities ~~available-for-sale~~ are based on an independent bond and equity pricing service for identical assets or significantly similar securities and an independent equity pricing service for equity securities not actively traded. The pricing services use a variety of techniques to arrive at fair value including market maker bids, quotes and pricing models. Inputs to the pricing models include recent trades, benchmark interest rates, spreads and actual and projected cash flows. The fair value of Level 2 equities are based on the last observable price in open markets. The fair value of Level 2 equities are based on the last observable price in open markets. The fair value of Level 2 derivatives is determined using inputs that are observable in the market place obtained from third parties including yield curves, publicly available volatilities, and floating indexes.

Fair Value Methodology for Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Nonrecurring Basis

The fair value of collateral dependent evaluated loans and other real estate owned was based on third-party appraisals less estimated cost to sell. The appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. Other assets which might have been included in this table include mortgage servicing rights, goodwill and other intangible assets. Arrow evaluates each of these assets for impairment at least annually, with no impairment recognized for these assets at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Fair Value Methodology for Financial Instruments Not Measured on a Recurring or Nonrecurring Basis

The fair value for HTM securities ~~held-to-maturity~~ is determined utilizing an independent bond pricing service for identical assets or significantly similar securities. The pricing service uses a variety of techniques to arrive at fair value including market maker bids, quotes and pricing models. Inputs to the pricing models include recent trades, benchmark interest rates, spreads and actual and projected cash flows.

ASU 2016-01 "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" requires that the fair value for loans must be disclosed using the "exit price" notion which is a reasonable estimate of what another party might pay in an orderly transaction. Fair values for loans are calculated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are segregated by type such as commercial, commercial real estate, residential mortgage, indirect auto and other consumer loans. Each loan category is further segmented into fixed and adjustable interest rate terms and by performing and nonperforming categories. The fair value of performing loans is calculated by determining the estimated future cash flow, which is the contractual cash flow adjusted for estimated prepayments. The discount rate is determined by starting with current market yields, and first adjusting for a liquidity premium. This premium is separately determined for each loan type. Then a credit loss component is determined utilizing the credit loss assumptions used in the allowance for credit loss model. Finally, a discount spread is applied separately for consumer loans vs. commercial loans based on market information and utilization of the swap curve.

The fair value of time deposits is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows, except that the fair value is limited to the extent that the customer could redeem the certificate after imposition of a premature withdrawal penalty. The discount rates are estimated using the ~~Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (FHLBNY)~~FHLBNY yield curve, which is considered representative of Arrow’s time deposit rates. The fair value of all other deposits is equal to the carrying value.

The fair value of FHLBNY advances is calculated by the FHLBNY.

The carrying amount of FHLBNY and FRB stock approximates fair value. If the stock was redeemed, the Company will receive an amount equal to the par value of the stock.

The book value of the outstanding trust preferred securities (Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts) are considered to approximate fair value since the interest rates are variable (indexed to ~~the London Inter-Bank Offered Rate (LIBOR))~~LIBOR and to be indexed to SOFR post-conversion) and Arrow is well-capitalized.

3937

Fair Value by Balance Sheet Grouping

The following table presents a summary of the carrying amount, the fair value or an amount approximating fair value and the fair value hierarchy of Arrow’s financial instruments:


Schedule of Fair Values by Balance Sheet Grouping	Schedule of Fair Values by Balance Sheet Grouping											Schedule of Fair Values by Balance Sheet Grouping
						Fair Value Hierarchy											Fair Value Hierarchy
		Carrying Value		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3			Carrying Value		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
September 30, 2022
March 31, 2023												March 31, 2023
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	373,429	$	373,429	$	373,429	$	—	$	—	Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	203,472	$	203,472	$	203,472	$	—	$	—
Securities Available-for-Sale	Securities Available-for-Sale	575,054		575,054		—		575,054		—		Securities Available-for-Sale	565,693		565,693		—		565,693		—
Securities Held-to-Maturity	Securities Held-to-Maturity	182,178		175,800		—		175,800		—		Securities Held-to-Maturity	167,347		164,439		—		164,439		—
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	2,126		2,126		—		2,126		—		Equity Securities	2,070		2,070		—		2,070		—
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	4,720		4,720		—		4,720		—		Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	10,027		10,027		—		10,027		—
Net Loans	Net Loans	2,895,562		2,714,587		—		—		2,714,587		Net Loans	2,974,568		2,705,312		—		—		2,705,312
Accrued Interest Receivable	Accrued Interest Receivable	8,549		8,549		—		8,549		—		Accrued Interest Receivable	9,857		9,857		—		9,857		—
Derivatives, included in other assets	Derivatives, included in other assets	8,508		8,508				8,508				Derivatives, included in other assets	6,206		6,206				6,206
Deposits	Deposits	3,795,105		3,785,960		—		3,785,960		—		Deposits	3,546,349		3,540,854		—		3,540,854		—

Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	25,000		24,833		—		24,833		—		Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	107,800		107,830		—		107,830		—
Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		—		20,000		—		Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		—		20,000		—
Accrued Interest Payable	Accrued Interest Payable	202		202		—		202		—		Accrued Interest Payable	1,170		1,170		—		1,170		—
Derivatives, included in other liabilities	Derivatives, included in other liabilities	8,508		8,508		—		8,508		—		Derivatives, included in other liabilities	6,206		6,206		—		6,206		—

December 31, 2021
December 31, 2022												December 31, 2022
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	457,696	$	457,696	$	457,696	$	—	$	—	Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	64,660	$	64,660	$	64,660	$	—	$	—
Securities Available-for-Sale	Securities Available-for-Sale	559,316		559,316		—		559,316		—		Securities Available-for-Sale	573,495		573,495		—		573,495		—
Securities Held-to-Maturity	Securities Held-to-Maturity	196,566		201,292		—		201,292		—		Securities Held-to-Maturity	175,364		171,623		—		171,623		—
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	1,747		1,747		—		1,747				Equity Securities	2,174		2,174				2,174
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	5,380		5,380		—		5,380		—		Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	6,064		6,064		—		6,064		—
Net Loans	Net Loans	2,640,660		2,618,311		—		—		2,618,311		Net Loans	2,953,255		2,742,721		—		—		2,742,721
Accrued Interest Receivable	Accrued Interest Receivable	7,384		7,384		—		7,384		—		Accrued Interest Receivable	9,890		9,890		—		9,890		—
Derivatives, included in other assets	Derivatives, included in other assets	2,083		2,083		—		2,083		—		Derivatives, included in other assets	7,506		7,506		—		7,506		—
Deposits	Deposits	3,550,497		3,548,554		—		3,548,554		—		Deposits	3,498,364		3,492,021		—		3,492,021		—

Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	45,000		45,518		—		45,518		—		Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	27,800		27,800		—		27,800		—

Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		—		20,000		—		Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		—		20,000		—
Accrued Interest Payable	Accrued Interest Payable	138		138		—		138		—		Accrued Interest Payable	357		357		—		357		—
Derivatives, included in other liabilities	Derivatives, included in other liabilities	2,083		2,083		—		2,083		—		Derivatives, included in other liabilities	7,506		7,506		—		7,506		—

September 30, 2021
March 31, 2022												March 31, 2022
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	598,366	$	598,366	$	598,366	$	—	$	—	Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	487,578	$	487,578	$	487,578	$	—	$	—
Securities Available-for-Sale	Securities Available-for-Sale	486,900		486,900		—		486,900		—		Securities Available-for-Sale	582,428		582,428		—		582,428		—
Securities Held-to-Maturity	Securities Held-to-Maturity	198,337		203,936		—		203,936		—		Securities Held-to-Maturity	196,661		195,862		—		195,862		—
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	1,886		1,886		—		1,886				Equity Securities	1,877		1,877		—		1,877
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	5,380		5,380		—		5,380		—		Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank Stock	4,491		4,491		—		4,491		—
Net Loans	Net Loans	2,627,795		2,632,843		—		—		2,632,843		Net Loans	2,709,606		2,648,804		—		—		2,648,804
Accrued Interest Receivable	Accrued Interest Receivable	7,899		7,899		—		7,899		—		Accrued Interest Receivable	8,099		8,099		—		8,099		—
Derivatives, included in other assets	Derivatives, included in other assets	2,287		2,287		—		2,287		—		Derivatives, included in other assets	4,131		4,131		—		4,131		—
Deposits	Deposits	3,605,563		3,604,271		—		3,604,271		—		Deposits	3,715,373		3,711,189		—		3,711,189		—
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase		2,426		2,426		—		2,426		—

Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	45,000		45,906		—		45,906		—		Federal Home Loan Bank Term Advances	25,000		25,001		—		25,001		—
Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		—		20,000		—		Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		—		20,000		—
Accrued Interest Payable	Accrued Interest Payable	137		137		—		137		—		Accrued Interest Payable	102		102		—		102		—
Derivatives, included in other liabilities	Derivatives, included in other liabilities	2,287		2,287		—		2,287		—		Derivatives, included in other liabilities	4,131		4,131		—		4,131		—

4038

Note ~~11.~~12. LEASES (Dollars In Thousands)

Arrow is a lessee in its leases, which are mainly for financial services locations in addition to leases for corporate vehicles. These leases generally require Arrow to pay third-party expenses on behalf of the Lessor, which are referred to as variable payments. Under some leases, Arrow pays the variable payments to the lessor, and in other leases, Arrow pays the variable payments directly to the applicable third party. None of Arrow's current leases include any residual value guarantees or any subleases, and there are no significant rights and obligations of Arrow for leases that have not commenced as of the reporting date.

Arrow leases two of its branch offices, at market rates, from Stewart’s Shops Corp. Mr. Gary C. Dake, President of Stewart’s Shops Corp., serves as a Director on the Board of Directors of Arrow ~~Glens Falls National~~ and ~~Saratoga National.~~the two subsidiary banks. Arrow also leases one administrative office from an entity controlled by Elizabeth Miller, who also serves as a Director on the Board of Directors of Arrow ~~Glens Falls National~~ and ~~Saratoga National.~~the two subsidiary banks.

The following includes quantitative data related to Arrow's leases as of and for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


			Nine Months Ended								Three Months Ended
Finance Lease Amounts:	Finance Lease Amounts:	Classification	September 30, 2022			September 30, 2021			Finance Lease Amounts:	Classification	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Right-of-Use Assets	Right-of-Use Assets	Premises and Equipment, Net	$	4,681		$	4,859		Right-of-Use Assets	Premises and Equipment, Net	$	4,593		$	4,770
Lease Liabilities	Lease Liabilities	Finance Leases	5,131			5,181			Lease Liabilities	Finance Leases	5,106			5,156

Operating Lease Amounts:	Operating Lease Amounts:								Operating Lease Amounts:
Right-of-Use Assets	Right-of-Use Assets	Other Assets	$	5,889		$	6,786		Right-of-Use Assets	Other Assets	$	5,388		$	6,676
Lease Liabilities	Lease Liabilities	Other Liabilities	6,082			6,965			Lease Liabilities	Other Liabilities	5,584			6,863

Other Information:	Other Information:								Other Information:

Cash Paid For Amounts Included In The Measurement Of Lease Liabilities:	Cash Paid For Amounts Included In The Measurement Of Lease Liabilities:								Cash Paid For Amounts Included In The Measurement Of Lease Liabilities:
Operating Outgoing Cash Flows From Finance Leases	Operating Outgoing Cash Flows From Finance Leases		$	145		$	146		Operating Outgoing Cash Flows From Finance Leases		$	49		$	49
Operating Outgoing Cash Flows From Operating Leases	Operating Outgoing Cash Flows From Operating Leases		1,041			571			Operating Outgoing Cash Flows From Operating Leases		257			260
Financing Outgoing Cash Flows From Finance Leases	Financing Outgoing Cash Flows From Finance Leases		38			36			Financing Outgoing Cash Flows From Finance Leases		13			13
Right-of-Use Assets Obtained In Exchange For New Finance Lease Liabilities	Right-of-Use Assets Obtained In Exchange For New Finance Lease Liabilities		—			—			Right-of-Use Assets Obtained In Exchange For New Finance Lease Liabilities		—			—
Right-of-Use Assets Obtained In Exchange For New Operating Lease Liabilities	Right-of-Use Assets Obtained In Exchange For New Operating Lease Liabilities		—			2,126			Right-of-Use Assets Obtained In Exchange For New Operating Lease Liabilities		19			—
Weighted-average Remaining Lease Term - Finance Leases (Yrs.)	Weighted-average Remaining Lease Term - Finance Leases (Yrs.)		27.50			28.46			Weighted-average Remaining Lease Term - Finance Leases (Yrs.)		27.00			28.00
Weighted-average Remaining Lease Term - Operating Leases (Yrs.)	Weighted-average Remaining Lease Term - Operating Leases (Yrs.)		11.36			11.76			Weighted-average Remaining Lease Term - Operating Leases (Yrs.)		11.45			11.20
Weighted-average Discount Rate—Finance Leases	Weighted-average Discount Rate—Finance Leases		3.75		%	3.75		%	Weighted-average Discount Rate—Finance Leases		3.75		%	3.75		%
Weighted-average Discount Rate—Operating Leases	Weighted-average Discount Rate—Operating Leases		2.87		%	2.85		%	Weighted-average Discount Rate—Operating Leases		2.97		%	2.81		%


Lease cost information for Arrow's leases is as follows:	Lease cost information for Arrow's leases is as follows:									Lease cost information for Arrow's leases is as follows:
		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended					Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021			March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Lease Cost:	Lease Cost:									Lease Cost:
Finance Lease Cost:	Finance Lease Cost:									Finance Lease Cost:
Reduction of Right-of-Use Assets	Reduction of Right-of-Use Assets	$	44	$	44	$	133	$	133	Reduction of Right-of-Use Assets	$	44	$	44
Interest on Lease Liabilities	Interest on Lease Liabilities	48		48		145		146		Interest on Lease Liabilities	49		49
Operating Lease Cost	Operating Lease Cost	305		238		925		737		Operating Lease Cost	298		312
Short-term Lease Cost	Short-term Lease Cost	9		15		32		28		Short-term Lease Cost	14		10
Variable Lease Cost	Variable Lease Cost	86		69		253		203		Variable Lease Cost	73		95
Total Lease Cost	Total Lease Cost	$	492	$	414	$	1,488	$	1,247	Total Lease Cost	$	478	$	510

4139

Future Lease Payments at September 30, 2022 are as follows:
Operating
Leases
Financing
Leases
Twelve Months Ended:
9/30/2023 $ 1,077 $ 243
9/30/2024 723 247
9/30/2025 648 259
9/30/2026 590 268
9/30/2027 561 268
Thereafter 3,698 7,331
Total Undiscounted Cash Flows $ 7,297 $ 8,616
Less: Net Present Value Adjustment 1,215 3,485
Lease Liability $ 6,082 $ 5,131


Future Lease Payments at March 31, 2023 are as follows:
	Operating Leases		Financing Leases
Twelve Months Ended:
3/31/2024	$	866	$	243
3/31/2025	685		254
3/31/2026	625		265
3/31/2027	561		268
3/31/2028	526		268
Thereafter	3,455		7,197
Total Undiscounted Cash Flows	$	6,718	$	8,495
Less: Net Present Value Adjustment	1,134		3,389
Lease Liability	$	5,584	$	5,106

Note ~~12.~~13. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES (In Thousands)

Arrow is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. Arrow principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. Arrow manages economic risks, including interest rate, primarily by managing the amount, sources and duration of its assets and liabilities and through the use of derivative instruments. Specifically, Arrow enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. Arrow's derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing and duration of known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain fixed rate borrowings. Arrow also has interest rate derivatives that result from a service provided to certain qualifying customers and, therefore, are not used to manage interest rate risk in the Company’s assets or liabilities. The Company manages a matched book with respect to its derivative instruments in order to minimize its net risk exposure resulting from such transactions.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Arrow enters into interest rate swap agreements with its commercial customers to provide them with a long-term fixed rate, while simultaneously entering into offsetting interest rate swap agreements with a counterparty to swap the fixed rate to a variable rate to manage interest rate exposure.

These interest rate swap agreements are not designated as a hedge for accounting purposes. As the interest rate swap agreements have substantially equivalent and offsetting terms, they do not present any material exposure to Arrow's consolidated statements of income. Arrow records its interest rate swap agreements at fair value and is presented on a gross basis within other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the fair value of assets and liabilities arising from these derivatives are included, net, in other income in the consolidated statement of income.

The following table depicts the fair value adjustment recorded related to the notional amount of derivatives outstanding as well as the notional amount of the interest rate swap agreements:


Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments - Interest Rate Swap Agreements	Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments - Interest Rate Swap Agreements							Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments - Interest Rate Swap Agreements
		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2022
Fair value adjustment included in other assets	Fair value adjustment included in other assets	$	8,508	$	2,083	$	2,287	Fair value adjustment included in other assets	$	6,206	$	7,506	$	4,131
Fair value adjustment included in other liabilities	Fair value adjustment included in other liabilities	8,508		2,083		2,287		Fair value adjustment included in other liabilities	6,206		7,506		4,131
Notional amount	Notional amount	134,406		172,668		172,026		Notional amount	126,637		127,763		171,182

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments

Arrow has entered into interest rate swaps to synthetically fix the variable rate interest payments associated with $20 million in outstanding subordinated trust securities. These agreements are designated as cash flow hedges.

For derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI) and subsequently reclassified into interest expense in the same period during which the hedge transaction affects earnings. Amounts reported in AOCI related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on Arrow's Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts borrowings.

The following table indicates the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on AOCI and on the unaudited interim consolidated statement of income:

4240


Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments - Cash Flow Hedge Agreements	Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments - Cash Flow Hedge Agreements							Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments - Cash Flow Hedge Agreements
		Nine Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended		Nine Months Ended			Three Months Ended		Twelve Months Ended		Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2022
Amount of gain recognized in AOCI		$	3,737	$	1,249	$	1,281
Amount of (loss) gain recognized in AOCI								Amount of (loss) gain recognized in AOCI	$	(800)	$	3,467	$	1,512
Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI to interest expense	Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI to interest expense	(57)		126		92		Amount of (loss) gain reclassified from AOCI to interest expense	(198)		(204)		29

Note ~~13. COVID-19 PANDEMIC~~14. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

A member of the GFNB Board of Directors, is the Chief Executive Officer of the general contractor leading the multi-year renovation project to enhance and improve the downtown Glens Falls Main Campus. The ~~COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions~~reconstruction will provide added energy efficiency and more collaborative work space. In the first quarter of 2023, Arrow paid $1.3 million to this general contractor. GFNB is a subsidiary of Arrow Financial Corporation.

Note 15. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Effective May 12, 2023, Mr. Murphy terminated his employment as President and CEO and as a director of the Company and all other positions he held with the Company and its affiliates. Effective May 13, 2023, the Company appointed David S. DeMarco to serve as President and CEO of the Company and GFNB, in addition to continuing to serve as President and CEO of SNB.

The Company became aware that on June 23, 2023, Robert C. Ashe filed a putative class action complaint against the Company in the United States ~~economy, which impacted~~District Court for the ~~activities~~Northern District of New York. In addition to the Company, the complaint names as defendants Thomas J. Murphy, the Company’s former CEO and from September 30, 2022, to February 20, 2023, its interim CFO, Edward J. Campanella, the Company’s former CFO, and Penko Ivanov, the Company’s current CFO (“Individual Defendants” and, together with the Company, the "Defendants"). The complaint alleges that the Defendants made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business, operations ~~of Arrow~~ and ~~its customers. The pandemic also caused disruption~~compliance policies in the ~~financial markets both globally~~Company’s public filings between March 12, 2022 and inMay 12, 2023. The complaint further alleges that the ~~United States.~~

~~Arrow continues to monitor the impact~~Individual Defendants are liable for these materially false and misleading statements as "controlling persons" of the ~~pandemic, both during recovery~~Company. Based on these allegations, the complaint brings two claims for violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act. Mr. Ashe, on behalf of a purported class of shareholders, seeks compensatory damages as well as recovery of the costs and fees associated with the litigation. The Company believes the lawsuit to be without merit and expressly denies any ~~potential setbacks, including emerging variants,~~wrongdoing in connection with the matters claimed in the complaint and ~~continues~~intends to ~~mitigate~~vigorously defend the ~~risk~~lawsuit. As of ~~harm to its employees and customers and to its operations. Arrow encourages customers to use contact-free alternatives such as digital banking and ATMs.~~the date of filing of this Form 10-Q, the Company has not been served with the complaint.

4341

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Stockholders and Board of Directors

Arrow Financial Corporation:

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the consolidated balance ~~sheet~~sheets of Arrow Financial Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) as of ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the three-month ~~and nine-month~~ periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ and the related notes (collectively, the consolidated interim financial information). Based on our reviews, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the consolidated interim financial information for it to be in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated ~~March 11, 2022,~~July 17, 2023, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

~~Change in Accounting Principle~~

As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has changed its method of accounting for the recognition and measurement of credit losses as of January 1, 2021 due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 326, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses.

Basis for Review Results

This consolidated interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company’s management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our reviews in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. A review of consolidated interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Albany, New York

~~November 7, 2022~~July 27, 2023

4442

Item 2.

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023

NOTE ON TERMINOLOGY

In this ~~Quarterly~~ Report, ~~on Form 10-Q (this Report),~~ the terms "Arrow," "the registrant," "the Company," "we," "us," and "our" generally refer to Arrow Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries as a group, except where the context indicates otherwise. At certain points in this ~~Form 10-Q,~~Report, Arrow's performance is compared with that of the Company's "peer group" of financial institutions. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the peer group for the purposes of this ~~Form 10-Q~~Report is comprised of the group of ~~164~~167 domestic bank holding companies with $3 to $10 billion in total consolidated assets as identified in the Federal Reserve Board’s "Bank Holding Company Performance Report" for ~~June 30,~~December 31, 2022 (the most recent such report currently available), and peer group data contained herein has been derived from such report.

THE COMPANY AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

Arrow is a two-bank holding company headquartered in Glens Falls, New York. The banking subsidiaries are ~~Glens Falls National Bank and Trust Company (GFNB)~~GFNB, whose main office is located in Glens Falls, New York, and ~~Saratoga National Bank and Trust Company (SNB)~~SNB whose main office is located in Saratoga Springs, New York. Active subsidiaries of ~~Glens Falls National~~GFNB include Upstate Agency, LLC (an insurance agency that sells property and casualty insurance and also specializes in selling and servicing group health care policies and life insurance), North Country Investment Advisers, Inc. (a registered investment adviser that provides investment advice to Arrow's proprietary mutual funds) and Arrow Properties, Inc. (a ~~real estate investment trust, or~~ REIT). Arrow also owns directly two subsidiary business trusts, organized in 2003 and 2004, which issued trust preferred securities (TRUPs), which are still outstanding.

~~FORWARD LOOKING~~FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This ~~Quarterly~~ Report ~~on Form 10-Q~~ contains statements that are not historical in nature but rather are based on Arrow's beliefs, assumptions, expectations, estimates and projections about the future. These statements are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and involve a degree of uncertainty and attendant risk. Words such as "may," "will," "expect," "believe," "anticipate," "estimate," "continue," and variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements regarding Arrow's asset quality, the level of allowance for credit losses, the sufficiency of liquidity sources, interest rate change exposure, changes in accounting standards, and Arrow's tax plans and strategies. Some of these statements, such as those included in the interest rate sensitivity analysis in Part I, Item 3, entitled "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," are merely presentations of what future performance or changes in future performance would look like based on hypothetical assumptions and on simulation models. Other forward-looking statements are based on Arrow's general perceptions of market conditions and trends in business activity, both Arrow's and in the banking industry generally, as well as current management strategies for future operations and development.

These forward-looking statements may not be exhaustive, are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks and uncertainties that are difficult to quantify or, in some cases, to identify. You should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. In the case of all forward-looking statements, our actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what the statements predict or forecast. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to the following:

•~~the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on economic, market and social conditions;~~

•Market conditions could present significant challenges to the U.S. commercial banking industry and its core business of making and servicing loans and any substantial downturn in the regional markets in which Arrow operates or in the U.S. economy generally could adversely affect Arrow's ability to maintain steady growth in the loan portfolio and earnings.

•A continued period of high inflation could adversely impact our business and our customers.

•Arrow operates in a highly competitive industry and market areas that could negatively affect growth and profitability.

•Uncertainty relating to the discontinuance of LIBOR and other ~~rapid~~reference rates and ~~dramatic~~their potential discontinuance may negatively impact our access to funding and the value of our financial instruments and commercial agreements.

•The financial services industry is faced with technological advances and changes on a continuing basis, and failure to adapt to these advances and changes could have a material adverse impact on Arrow's business.

•Problems encountered by other financial institutions could adversely affect Arrow.

•Any future economic or financial downturn, including any significant correction in the equity markets, may negatively affect the volume of income attributable to, and demand for, fee-based services of banks such as Arrow, including Arrow's fiduciary business.

•Potential complications with the implementation of our new core banking system could adversely impact our business and operations.

•Arrow faces continuing and growing security risks to its information base including the information maintained relating to customers, and any breaches in the security systems implemented to protect this information could have a material negative effect on Arrow's business operations and financial condition.

•Business could suffer if Arrow loses key personnel unexpectedly or if employee wages increase significantly.

•COVID-19 or other health emergencies may adversely affect Arrow’s business activities, financial condition and results of operations.

•Arrow is subject to interest rate risk, which could adversely affect profitability.

•Arrow could recognize losses on securities held in our securities portfolio, particularly if interest rates increase or economic and market ~~conditions;~~conditions deteriorate.

•~~sharp fluctuations~~Arrow's allowance for possible credit losses may be insufficient, and an increase in ~~interest rates, economic activity including inflation, or consumer spending patterns;~~the allowance would reduce earnings.

•~~sudden changes in~~Arrow’s financial condition and the ~~market for products provided, such as real estate loans;~~results of its operations could be negatively impacted by liquidity management.

•The increasing complexity of Arrow's operations presents varied risks that could affect earnings and financial condition.

•~~significant changes~~We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting which could, if not remediated, result in a material misstatement of our financial statements.

•The Company relies on the operations of its banking subsidiaries to provide liquidity, which, if limited, could impact Arrow's ability to pay dividends to its shareholders or to repurchase its common stock.

•Capital and liquidity standards require banks and bank holding companies to maintain more and higher quality capital and greater liquidity than has historically been the case.

•Federal banking statutes and regulations could change in the future, which may adversely affect Arrow.

•Non-compliance with the Patriot Act, Bank Secrecy Act, or other anti-money laundering laws and regulations ~~including both enactment of~~could result in fines or sanctions and restrictions on conducting acquisitions or establishing new ~~legal or regulatory measures or the modification or elimination of pre-existing measures;~~branches.

•~~significant changes in U.S. monetary or fiscal policy, including new or revised stimulus programs or targets adopted or announced by~~Arrow, through its banking subsidiaries, is subject to the ~~Federal Reserve ("monetary tightening or easing") or significant new federal legislation materially affecting the federal budget ("fiscal tightening or expansion");~~CRA and fair lending laws, and failure to comply with these laws could lead to material penalties.

•~~competition from other sources (e.g., non-bank entities);~~

•~~similar uncertainties inherent~~Disruption in ~~banking operations or~~the continuity, timing and effectiveness of the recent transition in executive management could adversely affect Arrow’s business ~~generally, including technological developments~~activities, financial condition and ~~changes; and,~~

•~~other risks detailed from time to time within our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).~~results of operations.

Arrow is under no duty to update any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this Report to conform such statements to actual results. All forward-looking statements, express or implied, included in this Report and the documents incorporated by reference and that are attributable to Arrow are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that Arrow or any persons acting on its behalf may issue. This Report should be read in conjunction with ~~our Annual Report on~~the 2022 Form 10-K ~~for the year ended December 31, 2021 (the 2021 Annual Report)~~ and our other filings with the SEC.

4544

USE OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

The SEC has adopted Regulation G, which applies to certain public disclosures, including earnings releases, made by registered companies that contain "non-GAAP financial measures." GAAP is generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Under Regulation G, companies making public disclosures containing non-GAAP financial measures must also disclose, along with each non-GAAP financial measure, certain additional information, including a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure to the closest comparable GAAP financial measure and a statement of Arrow's reasons for utilizing the non-GAAP financial measure as part of its financial disclosures. The SEC has exempted from the definition of "non-GAAP financial measures" certain commonly used financial measures that are not based on GAAP. When these exempted measures are included in public disclosures, supplemental information is not required. The following measures used in this Report, which are commonly utilized by financial institutions, have not been specifically exempted by the SEC and may constitute "non-GAAP financial measures" within the meaning of the SEC's rules, although Arrow is unable to state with certainty that the SEC would so regard them.

Tax-Equivalent Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin: Net interest income, as a component of the tabular presentation by financial institutions of Selected Financial Information regarding their recently completed operations, as well as disclosures based on that tabular presentation, is commonly presented on a tax-equivalent basis. That is, to the extent that some component of the institution's net interest income, which is presented on a before-tax basis, is exempt from taxation (e.g., is received by the institution as a result of its holdings of state or municipal obligations), an amount equal to the tax benefit derived from that component is added to the actual before-tax net interest income total. This adjustment is considered helpful in comparing one financial institution's net interest income to that of another institution or in analyzing any institution’s net interest income trend line over time, to correct any analytical distortion that might otherwise arise from the fact that financial institutions vary widely in the proportions of their portfolios that are invested in tax-exempt securities, and from the fact that even a single institution may significantly alter over time the proportion of its own portfolio that is invested in tax-exempt obligations. Moreover, net interest income is itself a component of a second financial measure commonly used by financial institutions, net interest margin, which is the ratio of net interest income to average earning assets. For purposes of this measure as well, tax-equivalent net interest income is generally used by financial institutions, again to provide a better basis of comparison from institution to institution and to better demonstrate a single institution’s performance over time. Arrow follows these practices.

The Efficiency Ratio: Financial institutions often use an "efficiency ratio" as a measure of expense control. The efficiency ratio typically is defined as the ratio of ~~noninterest~~non-interest expense to net interest income and ~~noninterest~~non-interest income. Net interest income as utilized in calculating the efficiency ratio is typically the same as the net interest income presented in Selected Financial Information table discussed in the preceding paragraph, i.e., it is expressed on a tax-equivalent basis. Moreover, many financial institutions, in calculating the efficiency ratio, also adjust both ~~noninterest~~non-interest expense and ~~noninterest~~non-interest income to exclude from these items (as calculated under GAAP) certain recurring component elements of income and expense, such as intangible asset amortization (which is included in ~~noninterest~~non-interest expense under GAAP but may be excluded therefrom for purposes of calculating the efficiency ratio) and securities gains or losses (which are reflected in the calculation of ~~noninterest~~non-interest income under GAAP but may be excluded therefrom for purposes of calculating the efficiency ratio). Arrow makes these adjustments.

Tangible Book Value per Share: Tangible equity is total stockholders’ equity less intangible assets. Tangible book value per share is tangible equity divided by total shares issued and outstanding. Tangible book value per share is often regarded as a more meaningful comparative ratio than book value per share as calculated under GAAP, that is, total stockholders’ equity including intangible assets divided by total shares issued and outstanding. Intangible assets include many items, but in Arrow's case, essentially represents goodwill.

Adjustments for Certain Items of Income or Expense: In addition to our regular utilization in our public filings and disclosures of the various non-GAAP measures commonly utilized by financial institutions discussed above, Arrow may also elect from time to time, in connection with our presentation of various financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, such as net income, earnings per share (EPS), return on average assets (ROA), and return on average equity (ROE), to provide as well certain comparative disclosures that adjust these GAAP financial measures, typically by removing them from the impact of certain transactions or other material items of income or expense that are unusual or unlikely to be repeated. Arrow will do so only if it believes that provision of the resulting non-GAAP financial measures may improve the average investor's understanding of our results of operations by separating out items that have a disproportional positive or negative impact on the particular period in question or by otherwise permitting a better comparison from period-to-period in our results of operations with respect to our fundamental lines of business, including the commercial banking business.

Arrow believes that the non-GAAP financial measures disclosed from time-to-time are useful in evaluating our performance and that such information should be considered as supplemental in nature, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures may differ from similar measures presented by other companies.

4645

Arrow Financial Corporation

Selected Quarterly Information

(Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts - Unaudited)


Quarter Ended	Quarter Ended	9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022			12/31/2021			9/30/2021			Quarter Ended	3/31/2023			12/31/2022			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022
Net Income	Net Income	$	12,163		$	11,974		$	12,575		$	10,309		$	12,989		Net Income	$	8,562		$	12,087		$	12,163		$	11,974		$	12,575
Transactions in Net Income (Net of Tax):	Transactions in Net Income (Net of Tax):																Transactions in Net Income (Net of Tax):

Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Investments	Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Investments	70			114			96			(104)			(79)			Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Investments	(76)			35			70			114			96

Share and Per Share Data:1	Share and Per Share Data:1																Share and Per Share Data:1
Period End Shares Outstanding	Period End Shares Outstanding	16,523			16,503			16,493			16,522			16,500			Period End Shares Outstanding	16,553			16,552			16,523			16,503			16,493
Basic Average Shares Outstanding	Basic Average Shares Outstanding	16,512			16,494			16,511			16,509			16,508			Basic Average Shares Outstanding	16,552			16,535			16,512			16,494			16,511
Diluted Average Shares Outstanding	Diluted Average Shares Outstanding	16,558			16,535			16,566			16,574			16,568			Diluted Average Shares Outstanding	16,564			16,589			16,558			16,535			16,566
Basic Earnings Per Share	Basic Earnings Per Share	$	0.74		$	0.72		$	0.76		$	0.62		$	0.79		Basic Earnings Per Share	$	0.52		$	0.73		$	0.74		$	0.72		$	0.76
Diluted Earnings Per Share	Diluted Earnings Per Share	0.74			0.72			0.76			0.61			0.78			Diluted Earnings Per Share	0.52			0.73			0.74			0.72			0.76
Cash Dividend Per Share	Cash Dividend Per Share	0.262			0.262			0.262			0.252			0.245			Cash Dividend Per Share	0.270			0.270			0.262			0.262			0.262

Selected Quarterly Average Balances:	Selected Quarterly Average Balances:																Selected Quarterly Average Balances:
Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks		$	209,001		$	232,545		$	410,644		$	551,890		$	416,500
Interest Bearing Deposits at Banks																	Interest Bearing Deposits at Banks	$	40,436		$	143,499		$	209,001		$	232,545		$	410,644
Investment Securities	Investment Securities	821,052			822,112			797,347			681,732			675,980			Investment Securities	813,461			845,859			821,052			822,112			797,347
Loans	Loans	2,872,066			2,804,180			2,678,796			2,660,665			2,641,726			Loans	2,991,928			2,951,547			2,872,066			2,804,180			2,678,796
Deposits	Deposits	3,598,519			3,569,754			3,582,256			3,590,766			3,435,933			Deposits	3,480,279			3,614,945			3,598,519			3,569,754			3,582,256
Other Borrowed Funds	Other Borrowed Funds	50,125			50,140			68,596			70,162			72,187			Other Borrowed Funds	100,596			63,304			50,125			50,140			68,596
Stockholders’ Equity	Stockholders’ Equity	361,675			357,228			370,264			364,409			359,384			Stockholders’ Equity	359,556			351,402			361,675			357,228			370,264
Total Assets	Total Assets	4,047,738			4,012,999			4,054,943			4,060,540			3,902,041			Total Assets	3,978,851			4,074,028			4,047,738			4,012,999			4,054,943
Return on Average Assets, annualized	Return on Average Assets, annualized	1.19		%	1.20		%	1.26		%	1.01		%	1.32		%	Return on Average Assets, annualized	0.87		%	1.18		%	1.19		%	1.20		%	1.26		%
Return on Average Equity, annualized	Return on Average Equity, annualized	13.34		%	13.44		%	13.77		%	11.22		%	14.34		%	Return on Average Equity, annualized	9.66		%	13.65		%	13.34		%	13.44		%	13.77		%
Return on Average Tangible Equity, annualized 2	Return on Average Tangible Equity, annualized 2	14.27		%	14.40		%	14.72		%	12.01		%	15.36		%	Return on Average Tangible Equity, annualized 2	10.33		%	14.62		%	14.27		%	14.40		%	14.72		%
Average Earning Assets	Average Earning Assets	$	3,902,119		$	3,858,837		$	3,886,787		$	3,894,287		$	3,734,206		Average Earning Assets	$	3,845,825		$	3,940,905		$	3,902,119		$	3,858,837		$	3,886,787
Average Paying Liabilities	Average Paying Liabilities	2,781,985			2,808,287			2,855,884			2,841,304			2,705,283			Average Paying Liabilities	2,782,299			2,891,092			2,781,985			2,808,287			2,855,884
Interest Income	Interest Income	34,207			30,593			28,947			28,354			29,807			Interest Income	36,110			35,904			34,207			30,593			28,947
Tax-Equivalent Adjustment 3	Tax-Equivalent Adjustment 3	268			269			270			285			292			Tax-Equivalent Adjustment 3	202			279			268			269			270
Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	34,475			30,862			29,217			28,639			30,099			Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	36,312			36,183			34,475			30,862			29,217
Interest Expense	Interest Expense	3,306			1,555			1,122			1,152			1,169			Interest Expense	8,016			5,325			3,306			1,555			1,122
Net Interest Income	Net Interest Income	30,901			29,038			27,825			27,202			28,638			Net Interest Income	28,094			30,579			30,901			29,038			27,825
Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	31,169			29,307			28,095			27,487			28,930			Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	28,296			30,858			31,169			29,307			28,095
Net Interest Margin, annualized	Net Interest Margin, annualized	3.14		%	3.02		%	2.90		%	2.77		%	3.04		%	Net Interest Margin, annualized	2.96		%	3.08		%	3.14		%	3.02		%	2.90		%
Net Interest Margin, Tax Equivalent, annualized 3	Net Interest Margin, Tax Equivalent, annualized 3	3.17		%	3.05		%	2.93		%	2.80		%	3.07		%	Net Interest Margin, Tax Equivalent, annualized 3	2.98		%	3.11		%	3.17		%	3.05		%	2.93		%

Efficiency Ratio Calculation: 4	Efficiency Ratio Calculation: 4																Efficiency Ratio Calculation: 4
Noninterest Expense		$	21,448		$	20,345		$	18,945		$	20,860		$	19,423
Non-Interest Expense																	Non-Interest Expense	$	22,296		$	20,792		$	21,448		$	20,345		$	18,945
Less: Intangible Asset Amortization	Less: Intangible Asset Amortization	48			48			49			52			51			Less: Intangible Asset Amortization	45			47			48			48			49
Net Noninterest Expense		$	21,400		$	20,297		$	18,896		$	20,808		$	19,372
Net Non-Interest Expense																	Net Non-Interest Expense	$	22,251		$	20,745		$	21,400		$	20,297		$	18,896
Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	$	31,169		$	29,307		$	28,095		$	27,487		$	28,930		Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3	$	28,296		$	30,858		$	31,169		$	29,307		$	28,095
Noninterest Income		7,827			7,744			8,162			7,589			7,694
Non-Interest Income																	Non-Interest Income	6,677			7,165			7,827			7,744			8,162

Less: Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Invest.	Less: Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Invest.	95			154			130			(139)			(106)			Less: Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Invest.	(104)			48			95			154			130
Net Gross Income	Net Gross Income	$	38,901		$	36,897		$	36,127		$	35,215		$	36,730		Net Gross Income	$	35,077		$	37,975		$	38,901		$	36,897		$	36,127
Efficiency Ratio 4	Efficiency Ratio 4	55.01		%	55.01		%	52.30		%	59.09		%	52.74		%	Efficiency Ratio 4	63.43		%	54.63		%	55.01		%	55.01		%	52.30		%

Period-End Capital Information:	Period-End Capital Information:																Period-End Capital Information:
Total Stockholders’ Equity (i.e. Book Value)	Total Stockholders’ Equity (i.e. Book Value)	$	345,550		$	356,498		$	357,243		$	371,186		$	360,171		Total Stockholders’ Equity (i.e. Book Value)	$	363,371		$	353,538		$	345,550		$	356,498		$	357,243
Book Value per Share 1	Book Value per Share 1	20.91			21.60			21.66			22.47			21.83			Book Value per Share 1	21.95			21.36			20.91			21.60			21.66
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net	Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net	23,477			23,583			23,691			23,791			23,879			Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net	23,273			23,373			23,477			23,583			23,691
Tangible Book Value per Share 1,2	Tangible Book Value per Share 1,2	19.49			20.17			20.22			21.03			20.38			Tangible Book Value per Share 1,2	20.55			19.95			19.49			20.17			20.22

Capital Ratios:5	Capital Ratios:5																Capital Ratios:5

Tier 1 Leverage Ratio	Tier 1 Leverage Ratio	9.71		%	9.60		%	9.37		%	9.20		%	9.39		%	Tier 1 Leverage Ratio	10.13		%	9.80		%	9.71		%	9.60		%	9.37		%
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	13.14		%	13.14		%	13.48		%	13.77		%	13.71		%	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	13.34		%	13.32		%	13.14		%	13.14		%	13.48		%
Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	13.85		%	13.86		%	14.23		%	14.55		%	14.51		%	Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	14.03		%	14.01		%	13.85		%	13.86		%	14.23		%
Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	14.93		%	14.93		%	15.33		%	15.69		%	15.66		%	Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	15.15		%	15.11		%	14.93		%	14.93		%	15.33		%

Assets Under Trust Admin. & Investment Mgmt.	Assets Under Trust Admin. & Investment Mgmt.	$	1,515,994		$	1,589,178		$	1,793,747		$	1,851,101		$	1,778,659		Assets Under Trust Admin. & Investment Mgmt.	$	1,672,117		$	1,606,132		$	1,515,994		$	1,589,178		$	1,793,747

4746

Arrow Financial Corporation

Selected Quarterly Information - Continued

(Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts - Unaudited)


Footnotes:	Footnotes:																	Footnotes:

1.	1.	Share and Per Share Data have been restated for the September 23, 2022, 3% stock dividend.																1.	Share and Per Share Data have been restated for the September 23, 2022, 3% stock dividend.

2.	2.	Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation: Tangible Book Value, Tangible Equity and Return on Tangible Equity exclude goodwill and other intangible assets, net from total equity. These are non-GAAP financial measures which Arrow believes provide investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.																2.	Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation: Tangible Book Value, Tangible Equity and Return on Tangible Equity exclude goodwill and other intangible assets, net from total equity. These are non-GAAP financial measures which Arrow believes provide investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 45.
			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022			12/31/2021			9/30/2021					3/31/2023			12/31/2022			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022
		Total Stockholders' Equity (GAAP)	$	345,550		$	356,498		$	357,243		$	371,186		$	360,171			Total Stockholders' Equity (GAAP)	$	363,371		$	353,538		$	345,550		$	356,498		$	357,243
		Less: Goodwill and Other Intangible assets, net	23,477			23,583			23,691			23,791			23,879				Less: Goodwill and Other Intangible assets, net	23,273			23,373			23,477			23,583			23,691
		Tangible Equity (Non-GAAP)	$	322,073		$	332,915		$	333,552		$	347,395		$	336,292			Tangible Equity (Non-GAAP)	$	340,098		$	330,165		$	322,073		$	332,915		$	333,552

		Period End Shares Outstanding	16,523			16,503			16,493			16,522			16,500				Period End Shares Outstanding	16,553			16,552			16,523			16,503			16,493
		Tangible Book Value per Share (Non-GAAP)	$	19.49		$	20.17		$	20.22		$	21.03		$	20.38			Tangible Book Value per Share (Non-GAAP)	$	20.55		$	19.95		$	19.49		$	20.17		$	20.22
		Net Income	12,163			11,974			12,575			10,309			12,989				Net Income	8,562			12,087			12,163			11,974			12,575
		Return on Average Tangible Equity (Net Income/Tangible Equity - Annualized)	14.27		%	14.40		%	14.72		%	12.01		%	15.36		%		Return on Average Tangible Equity (Net Income/Tangible Equity - Annualized)	10.33		%	14.62		%	14.27		%	14.40		%	14.72		%

3.	3.	Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation: Net Interest Margin, Tax-Equivalent is the ratio of our annualized tax-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets. This is also a non-GAAP financial measure which Arrow believes provides investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.																3.	Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation: Net Interest Margin, Tax-Equivalent is the ratio of our annualized tax-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets. This is also a non-GAAP financial measure which Arrow believes provides investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 45.
			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022			12/31/2021			9/30/2021					3/31/2023			12/31/2022			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022
		Interest Income (GAAP)	$	34,207		$	30,593		$	28,947		$	28,354		$	29,807			Interest Income (GAAP)	$	36,110		$	35,904		$	34,207		$	30,593		$	28,947
		Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP)	268			269			270			285			292				Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP)	202			279			268			269			270
		Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP)	$	34,475		$	30,862		$	29,217		$	28,639		$	30,099			Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP)	$	36,312		$	36,183		$	34,475		$	30,862		$	29,217
		Net Interest Income (GAAP)	$	30,901		$	29,038		$	27,825		$	27,202		$	28,638			Net Interest Income (GAAP)	$	28,094		$	30,579		$	30,901		$	29,038		$	27,825
		Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP)	268			269			270			285			292				Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP)	202			279			268			269			270
		Net Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP)	$	31,169		$	29,307		$	28,095		$	27,487		$	28,930			Net Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP)	$	28,296		$	30,858		$	31,169		$	29,307		$	28,095
		Average Earning Assets	$	3,902,119		$	3,858,837		$	3,886,787		$	3,894,287		$	3,734,206			Average Earning Assets	$	3,845,825		$	3,940,905		$	3,902,119		$	3,858,837		$	3,886,787
		Net Interest Margin (Non-GAAP)*	3.17		%	3.05		%	2.93		%	2.80		%	3.07		%		Net Interest Margin (Non-GAAP)*	2.98		%	3.11		%	3.17		%	3.05		%	2.93		%

4.	4.	Non-GAAP Financial Measures: Financial Institutions often use the "efficiency ratio", a non-GAAP ratio, as a measure of expense control. Arrow believes that the efficiency ratio provides investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. Arrow defines efficiency ratio as the ratio of our noninterest expense to our net gross income (which equals tax-equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income, as adjusted). There is no GAAP financial measure that is closely comparable to the efficiency ratio. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.																4.	Non-GAAP Financial Measures: Financial Institutions often use the "efficiency ratio", a non-GAAP ratio, as a measure of expense control. Arrow believes that the efficiency ratio provides investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. Arrow defines efficiency ratio as the ratio of our non-interest expense to our net gross income (which equals tax-equivalent net interest income plus non-interest income, as adjusted). There is no GAAP financial measure that is closely comparable to the efficiency ratio. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 45.

5.	5.	For the current quarter, all of the regulatory capital ratios in the table above, as well as the Total Risk-Weighted Assets and Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) Capital amounts listed in the table below, are estimates based on, and calculated in accordance with, bank regulatory capital rules. All prior quarters reflect actual results. The CET1 ratio at September 30, 2022 listed in the tables (i.e., 13.14%) exceeds the sum of the required minimum CET1 ratio plus the fully phased-in Capital Conservation Buffer (i.e., 7.00%).																5.	For the current quarter, all of the regulatory capital ratios as well as the Total Risk-Weighted Assets are calculated in accordance with bank regulatory capital rules. The March 31, 2023 CET1 ratio listed in the tables (i.e., 13.34%) exceeds the sum of the required minimum CET1 ratio plus the fully phased-in Capital Conservation Buffer (i.e., 7.00%).
			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022			12/31/2021			9/30/2021					3/31/2023			12/31/2022			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022

		Total Risk Weighted Assets	$	2,856,224		$	2,790,520		$	2,661,952		$	2,552,812		$	2,511,910			Total Risk Weighted Assets	$	2,909,610		$	2,883,902		$	2,856,224		$	2,790,520		$	2,661,952
		Common Equity Tier 1 Capital	375,394			366,798			358,738			351,497			344,507				Common Equity Tier 1 Capital	388,228			384,003			375,394			366,798			358,738
		Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	13.14		%	13.14		%	13.48		%	13.77		%	13.71		%		Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio	13.34		%	13.32		%	13.14		%	13.14		%	13.48		%

* Quarterly ratios have been annualized.	* Quarterly ratios have been annualized.																	* Quarterly ratios have been annualized.


Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analysis


(Dollars In Thousands)

Quarter Ended March 31:	2023						2022
			Interest		Rate				Interest		Rate
	Average		Income/		Earned/		Average		Income/		Earned/
	Balance		Expense		Paid		Balance		Expense		Paid
Interest Bearing Deposits at Banks	$	40,436	$	479	4.80	%	$	410,644	$	198	0.20	%
Investment Securities:
Fully Taxable	652,743		2,948		1.83		618,806		2,189		1.43
Exempt from Federal Taxes	160,718		797		2.01		178,541		821		1.86
Loans	2,991,928		31,886		4.32		2,678,796		25,739		3.90
Total Earning Assets	3,845,825		36,110		3.81		3,886,787		28,947		3.02
Allowance for Credit Losses	(29,792)						(27,165)
Cash and Due From Banks	30,518						37,654
Other Assets	132,300						157,667
Total Assets	$	3,978,851					$	4,054,943
Deposits:
Interest Bearing Checking Accounts	$	964,735	370		0.16		$	1,027,740	163		0.06
Savings Deposits	1,474,251		5,587		1.54		1,557,855		417		0.11
Time Deposits of $250,000 or More	94,415		574		2.47		70,101		28		0.16
Other Time Deposits	148,302		474		1.30		131,592		109		0.34
Total Interest Bearing Deposits	2,681,703		7,005		1.06		2,787,288		717		0.10
Short-Term Borrowings	40,138		490		4.95		—		—
FHLBNY Term Advances & Other Long-Term Debt	55,356		472		3.46		63,444		356		2.28
Finance Leases	5,102		49		3.89		5,152		49		3.86
Total Interest Bearing Liabilities	2,782,299		8,016		1.17		2,855,884		1,122		0.16
Non-Interest Bearing Deposits	798,576						794,968
Other Liabilities	38,420						33,827
Total Liabilities	3,619,295						3,684,679
Stockholders’ Equity	359,556						370,264
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	3,978,851					$	4,054,943


Net Interest Income			$	28,094					$	27,825
Net Interest Spread					2.64	%					2.86	%
Net Interest Margin					2.96	%					2.90	%

~~Arrow Financial Corporation~~

~~Selected Year-to-Date Information~~

~~(Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts- Unaudited)~~

Nine Months Ended 9/30/2022 9/30/2021
Net Income $ 36,712 $ 39,548
Transactions Recorded in Net Income (Net of Tax):
Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Investments 280 186
Share and Per Share Data: 1

Period End Shares Outstanding 16,523 16,500
Basic Average Shares Outstanding 16,506 16,495
Diluted Average Shares Outstanding 16,553 16,554
Basic Earnings Per Share $ 2.22 $ 2.40
Diluted Earnings Per Share 2.22 2.39
Cash Dividend Per Share 0.79 0.74
Selected Year-to-Date Average Balances:
  Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks $ 289,681 $ 373,531
  Investment Securities 813,590 646,264
  Loans 2,785,721 2,637,265
  Deposits 3,583,570 3,362,670
  Other Borrowed Funds 56,219 76,563
  Stockholders’ Equity 363,024 350,167
  Total Assets 4,038,533 3,822,689
Return on Average Assets, annualized 1.22 % 1.38 %
Return on Average Equity, annualized 13.52 % 15.10 %
Return on Average Tangible Equity, annualized 2
14.46 % 16.21 %
Average Earning Assets 3,888,992 3,657,060
Average Paying Liabilities 2,815,115 2,689,070
Interest Income 93,747 87,196
Tax-Equivalent Adjustment 3
807 820
Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3
94,554 88,016
Interest Expense 5,983 4,043
Net Interest Income 87,764 83,153
Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3
88,571 83,973
Net Interest Margin, annualized 3.02 % 3.04 %
Net Interest Margin, Tax Equivalent, annualized 3
3.04 % 3.07 %
Efficiency Ratio Calculation: 4

Noninterest Expense $ 60,738 $ 57,188
Less: Intangible Asset Amortization 145 158
Net Noninterest Expense 60,593 57,030
Net Interest Income, Tax-Equivalent 3
88,571 83,973
Noninterest Income 23,733 24,780
Less: Net Changes in Fair Value of Equity Securities 379 250
Net Gross Income 111,925 108,503
Efficiency Ratio 4
54.14 % 52.56 %

~~Arrow Financial Corporation~~

~~Selected Year-to-Date Information - Continued~~

~~(Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts- Unaudited)~~

Footnotes:
1. Share and Per Share Data have been restated for the September 23, 2022, 3% stock dividend.
2. Tangible Book Value, Tangible Equity and Return on Tangible Equity exclude goodwill and other intangible assets, net from total equity. These are non-GAAP financial measures which Arrow believes provide investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.
9/30/2022 9/30/2021
Total Stockholders' Equity (GAAP) $ 345,550 $ 360,171
Less: Goodwill and Other Intangible assets, net 23,477 23,879
Tangible Equity (Non-GAAP) $ 322,073 $ 336,292
Period End Shares Outstanding 16,523 16,500
Tangible Book Value per Share (Non-GAAP) $ 19.49 $ 20.38
Net Income 36,712 39,548
Return on Average Tangible Equity (Net Income/Tangible Equity - Annualized) 14.46 % 16.21 %
3. Net Interest Margin is the ratio of our annualized tax-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets. This is also a non-GAAP financial measure which Arrow believes provides investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.
9/30/2022 9/30/2021
Interest Income (GAAP) $ 93,747 $ 87,196
Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP) 806 820
Net Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP) 94,553 88,016
Net Interest Income (GAAP) 87,764 83,153
Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP) 806 820
Net Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP) $ 88,570 $ 83,973
Average Earning Assets $ 3,888,992 $ 3,657,060
Net Interest Margin (Non-GAAP)* 3.04 % 3.07 %
4. Financial Institutions often use the "efficiency ratio", a non-GAAP ratio, as a measure of expense control. Arrow believes the efficiency ratio provides investors with information that is useful in understanding financial performance. The efficiency ratio is defined as the ratio of our noninterest expense to our net gross income (which equals our tax-equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income, as adjusted). See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.
* Year-to-date ratios have been annualized.

Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analysis
(Dollars In Thousands)
Quarter Ended September 30: 2022 2021
Interest Rate Interest Rate
Average Income/ Earned/ Average Income/ Earned/
Balance Expense Paid Balance Expense Paid
Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks $ 209,001 $ 1,201 2.28 % $ 416,500 $ 163 0.16 %
Investment Securities:
Fully Taxable 651,899 2,603 1.58 494,869 1,632 1.31
Exempt from Federal Taxes 169,153 785 1.84 181,111 855 1.87
Loans 2,872,066 29,618 4.09 2,641,726 27,157 4.08
Total Earning Assets 3,902,119 34,207 3.48 3,734,206 29,807 3.17
Allowance for Credit Losses (28,006) (27,040)
Cash and Due From Banks 32,475 38,036
Other Assets 141,150 156,839
Total Assets $ 4,047,738 $ 3,902,041
Deposits:
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts $ 996,116 267 0.11 $ 923,002 155 0.07
Savings Deposits 1,549,451 2,469 0.63 1,496,938 424 0.11
Time Deposits of $250,000 or More 49,459 89 0.71 71,435 39 0.22
Other Time Deposits 136,834 150 0.43 141,721 133 0.37
Total Interest-Bearing Deposits 2,731,860 2,975 0.43 2,633,096 751 0.11
Short-Term Borrowings — — 2,012 — —
FHLBNY Term Advances & Other Long-Term Debt 45,000 283 2.50 65,000 370 2.26
Finance Leases 5,125 48 3.72 5,175 48 3.68
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities 2,781,985 3,306 0.47 2,705,283 1,169 0.17
Noninterest-bearing deposits 866,659 802,837
Other Liabilities 37,419 34,537
Total Liabilities 3,686,063 3,542,657
Stockholders’ Equity 361,675 359,384
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 4,047,738 $ 3,902,041
Net Interest Income $ 30,901 $ 28,638
Net Interest Spread 3.01 % 3.00 %
Net Interest Margin 3.14 % 3.04 %

Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analysis
(GAAP Basis)
(Dollars In Thousands)
Nine Months Ended September 30: 2022 2021
Interest Rate Interest Rate
Average Income/ Earned/ Average Income/ Earned/
Balance Expense Paid Balance Expense Paid
Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks $ 289,681 $ 1,826 0.84 % $ 373,531 $ 351 0.13 %
Investment Securities:
Fully Taxable 638,504 7,236 1.52 459,527 4,809 1.40
Exempt from Federal Taxes 175,086 2,422 1.85 186,737 2,682 1.92
Loans 2,785,721 82,263 3.95 2,637,265 79,354 4.02
Total Earning Assets 3,888,992 93,747 3.22 3,657,060 87,196 3.19
Allowance for Credit Losses (27,579) (27,235)
Cash and Due From Banks 30,370 36,272
Other Assets 146,750 156,592
Total Assets $ 4,038,533 $ 3,822,689
Deposits:
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts $ 1,024,087 629 0.08 $ 902,772 566 0.08
Savings Deposits 1,549,610 3,778 0.33 1,471,467 1,490 0.14
Time Deposits of $250,000 or More 52,251 143 0.37 92,111 228 0.33
Other Time Deposits 132,948 370 0.37 146,157 511 0.47
Total Interest-Bearing Deposits 2,758,896 4,920 0.24 2,612,507 2,795 0.14
Short-Term Borrowings (1) — 6,375 3 0.06
FHLBNY Term Advances & Other Long-Term Debt 51,081 918 2.40 65,000 1,099 2.26
Finance Leases 5,139 145 3.77 5,188 146 3.76
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities 2,815,115 5,983 0.28 2,689,070 4,043 0.20
Noninterest-bearing deposits 824,674 750,163
Other Liabilities 35,720 33,289
Total Liabilities 3,675,509 3,472,522
Stockholders’ Equity 363,024 350,167
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 4,038,533 $ 3,822,689
Net Interest Income $ 87,764 $ 83,153
Net Interest Spread 2.94 % 2.99 %
Net Interest Margin 3.02 % 3.04 %

OVERVIEW

The following discussion and analysis focuses on and reviews the results of operations for the three-month period ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and the financial conditions as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021.~~2022. The discussion below should be read in conjunction with the selected quarterly and annual information set forth above and the Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements and other financial data presented elsewhere in this Report. When necessary, prior-year financial information has been reclassified to conform to the current-year presentation.

~~COVID-19 Pandemic:~~

~~Arrow continues to monitor the pandemic and all the challenges it presents on the business, operations and the health and safety of our employees and customers.~~

Summary of ~~Q3 2022~~Q1 2023 Financial Results: Net income for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$12.2~~$8.6 million, ~~compared to $13.0~~down from $12.6 million for the ~~third quarter of 2021.~~prior-year period. The year-over-year decline in ~~third-quarter net income~~first-quarter was ~~primarily~~ due to ~~the decrease~~a variety of ~~$2.4 million in income~~factors. Income earned on loans ~~made under the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) and an increase~~increased $6.1 million driven by strong loan growth in ~~the provision~~2022. Interest expense ~~for credit losses to $1.7~~increased $6.9 million as compared to $99 thousand in the third quarter of 2021. Other factors impacting the net income for the third quarter of 2022 include: the impact of non-interest expenses of $550 thousand relating to additional actuarial pension expense recognized in the quarter as a result of ~~exceeding~~ the ~~threshold amount of lump sum distributions during the year; the~~raising rate environment and increased competitive pricing pressure. In addition, ~~of $536 thousand related to an amortization adjustment of indirect loans;~~non-interest income decreased by $1.5 million and ~~a decrease of $193 thousand in the net gain on sale of loans when compared to the prior-year quarter.~~non-interest expenses increased by $3.4 million.

Diluted earnings per share (EPS) for the first quarter of 2023 was ~~$0.74,~~$0.52, a decrease of ~~5.1%~~31.6% from EPS of ~~$0.78~~$0.76 reported for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. Return on average equity (ROE) for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 decreased to ~~13.34%~~9.66%, as compared to a ROE of ~~14.34%~~13.77% for the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. Return on average assets (ROA) for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~1.19%~~0.87%, a decrease from an ROA of ~~1.32%~~1.26% for the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Total loans were ~~$2.9~~$3.0 billion as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 reaching a record high for Arrow. Loan growth for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$80.0~~$22.1 million and increased ~~$270.0~~$268.1 million, or ~~10.2%~~9.8%, from ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. In the ~~third~~first quarter of 2023, total outstanding commercial loans increased ~~$16.3~~$4.0 million, or ~~2.0%~~0.5%. The consumer loan portfolio grew by ~~$24.5~~$8.2 million, or ~~2.4%~~0.8%, in the ~~third~~first quarter of 2023, primarily within the indirect automobile lending program. Total outstanding residential real estate loans increased ~~$39.2~~$10.0 million, or ~~3.9%~~0.9%, for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~2023.

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, deposit balances were ~~$3.8~~$3.5 billion. Deposits in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 increased by ~~$249.4~~$48.0 million from the prior quarter and ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$189.5~~$169.0 million, or ~~5.3%~~4.5%, from the prior-year level. Municipal deposits increased ~~$127.3~~$110.5 million in the ~~third~~first quarter and ~~$13.8~~decreased $22.1 million, or ~~1.4%~~2.2%, from ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. Non-municipal deposits ~~increased $122.1~~decreased $62.5 million for the quarter and ~~$175.7~~$147.0 million, or ~~6.7%~~5.4%, from ~~September 30, 2021. Noninterest-bearing~~March 31, 2022. Non-interest bearing deposits represented ~~24.0%~~22.2% of total deposits at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, compared to ~~23.4%~~21.9% of total deposits at ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, total time deposits were ~~$186.7~~$301.8 million.

Net interest income for the ~~third~~first quarter was ~~$30.9~~$28.1 million, up ~~7.9%~~1.0% from ~~$28.6~~$27.8 million in the comparable quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. Interest and fees on loans were ~~$29.6~~$31.9 million for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, an increase of ~~9.1%~~23.9% from ~~$27.2~~$25.7 million for the quarter ending ~~September 30, 2021. The increase was primarily~~March 31, 2022 due to loan growth and higher market rates. Interest and fees related to ~~PPP~~Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans, included in the ~~$29.6~~$25.7 million total, were ~~$70 thousand~~$1.1 million in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022, a decrease of $2.4 million from the third quarter of 2021 primarily resulting from the wind-down of the~~2022. The PPP ~~loan program.~~program ended in 2022. Interest expense for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$3.3~~$8.0 million, an increase of ~~$2.1~~$6.9 million, or ~~182.8%~~614.4%, from ~~$1.2~~$1.1 million in expense for the comparable quarter ending ~~September 30, 2021. The increase was primarily the result of year-over-year~~March 31, 2022 due to changes in deposit ~~growth~~composition and higher deposit rates.

Net interest margin was ~~3.14%~~2.96% for the quarter, compared to ~~3.04%~~2.90% for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. The increase in net interest margin was due to a variety of factors including loan growth, higher market rates impacting asset yields and cost of funds and a reduction in cash ~~balances and a one-time adjustment related to indirect loan fees.~~balances. Net interest margin, excluding PPP income, increased to ~~3.14%~~2.96% from ~~2.84%~~2.81% in the comparable prior-year quarter. The cost of ~~interest-bearing~~interest bearing liabilities increased primarily due to the repricing of ~~municipal~~ deposits and ~~retail CD specials.~~a change in deposit composition.

~~Noninterest~~Non-interest income for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, was ~~$7.8~~$6.7 million, compared to ~~$7.7~~$8.2 million in the comparable ~~2021~~2022 quarter. Income from fiduciary activities for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, decreased by ~~$230~~$321 thousand over the comparable quarter of ~~2021, primarily~~2022, driven by market conditions. Fees and other services to customers ~~increased $105~~decreased $200 thousand over the comparable quarter of ~~2021. Gain on sales of loans decreased $193 thousand from the third quarter of 2021.~~2022. Other operating income ~~increased $176~~decreased $691 thousand from the comparable quarter of ~~2021~~2022 due to a variety of factors, including a decline in the gain on other assets of $463 thousand and a decrease in income earned on bank-owned life insurance ~~proceeds.~~of $181 thousand.

~~Noninterest~~Non-interest expense for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$21.4~~$22.3 million, an increase from ~~$19.4~~$18.9 million for the ~~third quarter of 2021. The largest component of noninterest expense was salaries and benefits paid to employees, which totaled $12.4 million for the third~~first quarter of 2022. The increase was primarily due to $1.0 million of additional legal and professional fees associated with the delay in the filing of the 2022 Form 10-K. In ~~the third quarter of 2022, $550 thousand relating to additional actuarial pension expense was recognized as~~addition, other operating expenses included a ~~result of exceeding the threshold amount of lump sum distributions during the year. The expense~~credit for estimated credit losses on off-balance sheet exposures of $68 thousand for the first quarter of 2023 versus a larger credit ~~exposures included~~of $316 thousand recognized in the first quarter of 2022 Technology and equipment spending increased $638 thousand from the first quarter of 2022, driven primarily by management's commitment to invest in new technology to enhance the customer experience and optimize operations. Salaries and benefits increased compared to the first quarter of 2022 as a result of pension and other ~~expenses was $30 thousand.~~benefit expenses.

For the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, the provision for credit losses was ~~$1.7~~$1.6 million, compared to ~~$99~~$769 thousand in provision expense in the prior-year quarter. The key drivers for the ~~increase~~change were ~~strong~~increased loan ~~growth~~charge-offs and a ~~deterioration in forecasted~~more challenging economic ~~conditions.~~forecast. The changes in net income, net interest income and net interest margin between the three-month ~~and nine-month~~ periods are discussed in detail under the heading "RESULTS OF OPERATIONS," beginning on page ~~68.~~63.

Regulatory Capital and Change in Stockholders' Equity: At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow continued to exceed all required minimum capital ratios under the current bank regulatory capital rules as implemented under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Capital Rules") at both the holding company and bank levels. At that date, both subsidiary banks, as well as the holding company, continued to qualify as "well-capitalized" under the capital classification guidelines as defined by the

Capital Rules. Because of continued profitability and strong asset quality, the regulatory capital levels throughout recent years have consistently remained well in excess of the various required regulatory minimums in effect from time to time, as they do at present.

In 2020, federal bank regulators introduced an optional simplified measure of capital adequacy for qualifying community banking organizations (CBLR). A qualifying community banking organization that opts into the CBLR framework and meets all the requirements under the CBLR framework will be considered to have met the well-capitalized ratio requirements under the “prompt corrective action” regulations and will not be required to report or calculate risk-based capital ratios.

The CBLR final rule became effective as of January 1, 2020, and Arrow and both subsidiary banks have opted out of utilizing the CBLR framework. Therefore, the Capital Rules remain applicable to Arrow and both subsidiary banks.

Stockholders’ equity was ~~$345.6~~$363.4 million at ~~September 30, 2022, a decrease~~March 31, 2023, an increase of ~~$25.6~~$9.8 million, or ~~6.9%~~2.8%, from the December 31, ~~2021~~2022 level of ~~$371.2~~$353.5 million, and ~~a decrease~~an increase of ~~$14.6~~$6.1 million, or ~~4.1%~~1.7%, from the prior-year level. The ~~decrease~~increase in stockholders' equity over the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022~~2023 principally reflected the following factors: the addition of (i) ~~$36.7~~$8.6 million of net income for the period plus (ii) other comprehensive gain of $5.7 million and (iii) issuance of ~~$2.8~~$0.9 million of common stock through employee benefit and dividend reinvestment plans reduced by ~~(iii) other comprehensive loss of $49.4 million,~~ (iv) cash dividends of ~~$13.0~~$4.5 million and (v) repurchases of common stock of ~~$2.7~~$0.8 million. ~~The majority of other comprehensive loss, $52.8 million, relates to net unrealized losses on AFS debt securities as a result of rising interest rates which occurred during 2022.~~ The components of the change in stockholders’ equity since year-end ~~2021~~2022 are presented in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity on page 6, and are discussed in more detail in the next section.

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, book value per share was ~~$20.91, down~~$21.95, up by ~~4.2%~~1.3% over the prior-year level. Tangible book value per share (a non-GAAP measure that deducts intangible assets from stockholders' equity) was ~~$19.49, a decrease~~$20.55, an increase of ~~$0.89,~~$0.33,or ~~4.4%~~1.6%, over the level as of ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. See the disclosure on page 4645 related to the use of non-GAAP financial measures including tangible book value.

On ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow's closing stock price was ~~$28.82,~~$24.91, representing a trading multiple of ~~1.48~~1.21 to tangible book value. In the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, Arrow paid a quarterly cash dividend of ~~$0.27 which is $0.26, as adjusted for the 3% stock dividend distributed on September 23, 2022~~$0.27. Further discussion of dividends is included in the Capital Components; Stock Repurchases; Dividends section located on page ~~66.~~61.

Loan Quality: Net charge-offs for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 were ~~$573~~$722 thousand as compared to ~~$153~~$389 thousand for the comparable ~~2021~~2022 quarter. The ratio of net charge-offs to average loans (annualized) was ~~0.08%~~0.10% for the three month period ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, an increase from ~~0.02%~~0.06% for the three month period ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

For the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, the provision for credit losses was ~~$1.7~~$1.6 million and the ~~expense~~credit for estimated credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures was ~~$30~~$68 thousand. The allowance for credit losses was ~~$29.2~~$30.8 million on ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, which represented ~~1.00%~~1.02% of loans outstanding, as compared to ~~1.02%~~1.01% on ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Nonperforming loans were ~~$9.4~~$11.2 million at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, representing ~~0.32%~~0.37% of period-end loans, ~~a decrease~~an increase from the ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 ratio of ~~0.43%~~0.36% and a decrease from the December 31, ~~2021~~2022 ratio of ~~0.44%~~0.40%. The ratio continues to reasonably compare ~~favorably~~ with the weighted average ratio of the peer group of ~~0.42%~~0.37% at ~~June 30,~~December 31, 2022. Nonperforming assets of ~~$10.0~~$11.3 million at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 represented ~~0.24%~~0.27% of period-end assets ~~down~~up from ~~0.29%~~0.24% at ~~December~~March 31, ~~2021 and September 30, 2021.~~2022.

Loan Segments: As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, total loans grew by ~~$256.9~~$22.1 million, or ~~9.6%~~0.7%, as compared to the balance at December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The largest increase was in ~~consumer loans~~the residential real estate loan portfolio which increased ~~$135.0~~$10.0 million, or ~~14.7%~~0.9%. Consumer loans increased $8.2 million, or 0.8%, primarily comprised of automobile loans. Commercial and commercial real estate loans, increased by ~~$16.7~~$4.0 million, or ~~2.1%~~0.5%, from December 31, 2021. PPP loans, included in the commercial portfolio, decreased $43.6 million from December 31, 2021. The residential real estate loan portfolio increased $105.1 million, or 11.1%, from December 31, 2021.2022.

•Commercial and Commercial Real Estate Loans: Combined, these loans comprise ~~28.0%~~28.3% of the total loan portfolio at period-end. Commercial property values in Arrow's region have largely remained stable, however, there remains uncertainty surrounding market conditions due to the inflation and the rising interest rate environment. Appraisals on nonperforming and watched CRE loan properties are updated as deemed necessary, usually when the loan is downgraded or when there has been significant market deterioration since the last appraisal.

•Consumer Loans: These loans (primarily automobile loans) comprised ~~36.1%~~35.7% of the total loan portfolio at period-end. Consumer automobile loans at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, were ~~99.5%~~99.6% of this portfolio segment. The vast majority of automobile loans are initiated through the purchase of vehicles by consumers with automobile dealers. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, demand has ~~remained stable. Although supply constraints have lessened, inflation~~slowed as a result of current economic conditions. Inflation and higher rates may continue to limit the potential growth in this category.

•Residential Real Estate Loans: These loans, including home equity loans, made up ~~35.9%~~36.0% of the total loan portfolio at period-end. ~~The~~Demand for residential real estate ~~market in Arrow's service area~~ has ~~been stable in recent periods.~~continued but weakened as interest rates have increased. A continuous elevated rate environment may impact future demand. Arrow originated nearly all of the residential real estate loans currently held in the loan portfolio and applies conservative underwriting standards to loan originations. Arrow ~~typically sells~~has historically sold a portion of residential real estate mortgage originations into the secondary market. The ratio of the sales of originations to total originations tends to fluctuate from period to period based on market conditions and other factors. ~~Since the second half 2021, sales have decreased as a result of the strategic decision to grow the residential loan portfolio.~~ The rate at which mortgage loan originations are sold in future periods will depend on various circumstances, including prevailing mortgage rates, other lending opportunities, capital and liquidity needs, and the availability of a market for such transactions.

Liquidity and Access to Credit Markets: Arrow has not experienced any liquidity events or special concerns in recent years or thus far in ~~2022.~~2023. Arrow’s liquidity position ~~provides~~should provide the necessary flexibility to address any unexpected near-term disruptions. ~~Interest-bearing~~Interest bearing cash balances at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 were ~~$328.6~~$178.4 million compared to ~~$548.9~~$448.6 million at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 driven by strong loan growth ~~outpacing deposit growth as well as redeploying cash into~~in 2022 and deposits decreasing in the ~~investment portfolio.~~fourth quarter of 2022 primarily due to pandemic era excess deposits exiting the system and competitive pressures from the rising rate environment. Contingent lines of credit are also available.

Operating collateralized lines of credit are established and available through the FHLBNY and FRB totaling ~~approximately $1.5~~$1.3 billion. The ~~general~~ terms of Arrow's lines of credit have not changed significantly in recent periods (see the general liquidity discussion on page ~~66)~~62). Historically, Arrow has principally relied on asset-based liquidity (i.e., funds in overnight investments and cash flow from maturing investments and loans) with liability-based liquidity as a secondary source of funds (the main liability-based sources are an overnight borrowing arrangement with correspondent banks, an arrangement for overnight borrowing and term credit advances from the FHLBNY, and an additional arrangement for short-term advances at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window). Regular liquidity stress tests and tests of the contingent liquidity plan are performed to ensure that an adequate amount of available funds can be generated to meet a wide variety of potential liquidity crises.

Reference Rate Reform: On March 5, 2021, the ICE Benchmark Administration (the IBA), the administrator of LIBOR, and the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority, the regulatory supervisor for the IBA, announced certain future dates that LIBOR settings will cease to be provided by any administrator. In addition, regulators have issued statements indicating that financial institutions should not issue new LIBOR-based financial instruments after January 1, 2022. To prepare for the upcoming cessation of LIBOR, Arrow established a committee in 2020 comprised of ~~bank management~~Bank Management to prepare for the discontinuance of LIBOR, which is widely used to reprice floating rate financial instruments. Based on a review of existing floating rate financial instruments, ~~management~~Management has determined that the financial products tied to LIBOR will not be subject to cessation until June 30, 2023. This review also identified that only a few legacy contracts do not include appropriate fallback language. On March 15, 2022, the “Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act” was enacted by Congress. The law provides basic framework for addressing the discontinuation of U.S. Dollar LIBOR under federal law. The law establishes a clear uniform process, on a nationwide basis, for replacing LIBOR in existing contracts that do not provide for the use of a clearly defined or practicable replacement benchmark rate (so-called “tough legacy” contracts), without affecting the ability of parties to use any appropriate benchmark rate in new contracts. Effective February 27, 2023, the Federal Reserve Board adopted a final rule implementing the Adjustable Interest Rate (LIBOR) Act. Arrow no longer issues new LIBOR-based financial instruments. Furthermore, U.S. Dollar LIBOR indices utilized by Arrow's existing financial instruments ~~shall cease on or before~~ceased June 30, 2023. On January 1, 2022, Arrow ~~began using~~designated the CME Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) as the ~~primary~~replacement index for financial instruments ~~and the Bloomberg Short Term Bank Yield Index (BSBY) as a secondary index.~~previously tied to LIBOR.

Visa Class B Common Stock: Arrow's subsidiary bank, ~~Glens Falls National,~~GFNB, like other Visa member banks, bears some indirect contingent liability for Visa's direct liability arising out of certain antitrust claims involving merchant discounts to the extent that Visa's liability might exceed the amount funded in its litigation escrow account. On December 13, 2019, the Court granted final approval to a settlement in this class action lawsuit. On January 3, 2020 an appeal of the final-approved order was filed with the court. On December 16, 2021, the second circuit court of appeals set oral arguments regarding objections to final approval of the settlement for March 16, 2022. On March 16, 2022, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals heard oral arguments regarding objections to final approval of the ~~Settlement.~~settlement. On April 25, 2023, the Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit denied certain objectors’ request for panel rehearing or, in the alternative, rehearing en banc. It is ~~currently~~ unknown ~~when~~if any party will pursue further appeals to the ~~appeals will be decided.~~U.S Supreme Court. When the appeals process is resolved and assuming the balance in the litigation escrow account is sufficient to cover the litigation claims and related expenses, Arrow could potentially realize a gain on the receipt of Visa Class A common stock. At ~~September 30, 2022, Glens Falls National~~March 31, 2023, GFNB held 27,771 shares of Visa Class B common stock, and utilizing the conversion ratio to Class A common stock at that time, these Class B shares would convert to approximately ~~45,000~~44,000 shares of Visa Class A common stock. Since the litigation settlement is not certain, Arrow has not recognized any economic value for these shares.

5551

CHANGE IN FINANCIAL CONDITION

Summary of Selected Consolidated Balance Sheet Data

(Dollars in Thousands)


		At Period-End															At Period-End
		9/30/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021		$ Change From December		$ Change From September		% Change From December (not annualized)		% Change From September			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		3/31/2022		$ Change From December		$ Change From March		% Change From December (not annualized)		% Change From March
Interest-Bearing Bank Balances	Interest-Bearing Bank Balances	$	328,557	$	430,718	$	548,936	$	(102,161)	$	(220,379)	(23.7)	%	(40.1)	%	Interest-Bearing Bank Balances	$	178,365	$	32,774	$	448,614	$	145,591	$	(270,249)	444.2	%	(60.2)	%
Securities Available-for-Sale	Securities Available-for-Sale	575,054		559,316		486,900		15,738		88,154		2.8	%	18.1	%	Securities Available-for-Sale	565,693		573,495		582,428		(7,802)		(16,735)		(1.4)	%	(2.9)	%
Securities Held-to-Maturity	Securities Held-to-Maturity	182,178		196,566		198,337		(14,388)		(16,159)		(7.3)	%	(8.1)	%	Securities Held-to-Maturity	167,347		175,364		196,661		(8,017)		(29,314)		(4.6)	%	(14.9)	%
Equity Securities	Equity Securities	2,126		1,747		1,886		379		240		21.7	%	12.7	%	Equity Securities	2,070		2,174		1,877		(104)		193		(4.8)	%	10.3	%
Loans (1)	Loans (1)	2,924,794		2,667,941		2,654,751		256,853		270,043		9.6	%	10.2	%	Loans (1)	3,005,352		2,983,207		2,737,267		22,145		268,085		0.7	%	9.8	%
Allowance for Credit Losses	Allowance for Credit Losses	29,232		27,281		26,956		1,951		2,276		7.2	%	8.4	%	Allowance for Credit Losses	30,784		29,952		27,661		832		3,123		2.8	%	11.3	%
Earning Assets (1)	Earning Assets (1)	4,017,429		3,861,668		3,896,190		155,761		121,239		4.0	%	3.1	%	Earning Assets (1)	3,928,854		3,773,078		3,971,338		155,776		(42,484)		4.1	%	(1.1)	%
Total Assets	Total Assets	$	4,232,778	$	4,027,952	$	4,071,104	$	204,826	$	161,674	5.1	%	4.0	%	Total Assets	$	4,114,630	$	3,969,509	$	4,156,402	$	145,121	$	(41,772)	3.7	%	(1.0)	%
Noninterest-Bearing Deposits		$	910,221	$	810,274	$	841,910	$	99,947	$	68,311	12.3	%	8.1	%
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts		1,113,850		994,391		1,035,358		119,459		78,492		12.0	%	7.6	%
Non-Interest Bearing Deposits																Non-Interest Bearing Deposits	$	788,690	$	836,871	$	813,066	$	(48,181)	$	(24,376)	(5.8)	%	(3.0)	%
Interest Bearing Checking Accounts																Interest Bearing Checking Accounts	958,490		997,694		1,154,068		(39,204)		(195,578)		(3.9)	%	(16.9)	%
Savings Deposits	Savings Deposits	1,584,373		1,531,287		1,515,692		53,086		68,681		3.5	%	4.5	%	Savings Deposits	1,497,326		1,454,364		1,571,274		42,962		(73,948)		3.0	%	(4.7)	%
Time Deposits over $250,000	Time Deposits over $250,000	59,059		82,811		73,889		(23,752)		(14,830)		(28.7)	%	(20.1)	%	Time Deposits over $250,000	122,827		76,224		48,288		46,603		74,539		61.1	%	154.4	%
Other Time Deposits	Other Time Deposits	127,602		131,734		138,714		(4,132)		(11,112)		(3.1)	%	(8.0)	%	Other Time Deposits	179,016		133,211		128,677		45,805		50,339		34.4	%	39.1	%
Total Deposits	Total Deposits	$	3,795,105	$	3,550,497	$	3,605,563	$	244,608	$	189,542	6.9	%	5.3	%	Total Deposits	$	3,546,349	$	3,498,364	$	3,715,373	$	47,985	$	(169,024)	1.4	%	(4.5)	%
Federal Funds Purchased and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase		$	—	$	—	$	2,426	$	—	$	(2,426)	—	%	(100.0)	%

FHLBNY Advances - Overnight																FHLBNY Advances - Overnight	35,000		27,000		—		8,000		35,000		29.6	%	—	%
FHLBNY Advances - Term	FHLBNY Advances - Term	25,000		45,000		45,000		(20,000)		(20,000)		(44.4)	%	(44.4)	%	FHLBNY Advances - Term	107,800		27,800		25,000		80,000		82,800		287.8	%	331.2	%
Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		20,000		—		—		—	%	—	%	Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts	20,000		20,000		20,000		—		—		—	%	—	%
Stockholders' Equity	Stockholders' Equity	345,550		371,186		360,171		(25,636)		(14,621)		(6.9)	%	(4.1)	%	Stockholders' Equity	363,371		353,538		357,243		9,833		6,128		2.8	%	1.7	%

(1) Includes Nonaccrual Loans.

Changes in Earning Assets: The loan portfolio at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, was ~~$2.9~~$3.0 billion, an increase of ~~$256.9~~$22.1 million, or ~~9.6%~~0.7%, from the December 31, ~~2021~~2022 level and up by ~~$270.0~~$268.1 million, or ~~10.2%~~9.8%, from the ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 level. The following trends were experienced in our largest segments:

•Commercial and commercial real estate loans: This segment of the loan portfolio increased by ~~$16.7~~$4.0 million, or ~~2.1%~~0.5%, during the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022.~~2023. In the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022, $43.6 million~~2023, loan growth has slowed as a result of ~~PPP loans were forgiven.~~the current rate environment.

•Consumer loans (primarily automobile loans through indirect lending): As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, these loans, primarily auto loans originated through dealerships in New York and Vermont, increased by ~~$135.0~~$8.2 million, or ~~14.7%~~0.8%, from the December 31, ~~2021~~2022 balance. Inflation and rising rates may continue to slow ~~the current high~~ demand.

•Residential real estate loans: This segment increased during the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022~~2023 by ~~$105.1~~$10.0 million, or ~~11.1%~~0.9%. ~~In the first nine months~~A deterioration of ~~2022, Arrow sold $4.1 million, or 2.3%, of originations. Arrow~~economic conditions may continue to ~~sell a portion of mortgage loan originations in upcoming periods if market conditions and strategic balance sheet and interest-rate risk management decisions warrant. Rising rates may~~ reduce loan production infor the ~~near future.~~remainder of the year.

Changes in Sources of Funds: Deposit balances reached ~~$3.8~~$3.5 billion, ~~up $189.5~~down $169.0 million, or ~~5.3%~~4.5%, from the prior-year level and increased ~~$244.6~~$48.0 million from December 31, ~~2021. Deposits increased in the third quarter of 2022 by $249.4 million. Noninterest-bearing~~2022. Non-interest bearing deposits represented ~~24.0%~~22.2% of total deposits at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, compared to ~~23.4%~~21.9% of total deposits on ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, total time deposits were ~~$186.7~~$301.8 million. Municipal deposits ~~increased $13.8~~decreased $22.1 million, or ~~1.4%~~2.2% from ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. Federal home loan term advances were $107.8 million, an increase from $25.0 million ~~a decrease from $45.0 million~~ at ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Municipal Deposits: Fluctuations in balances of ~~interest-bearing~~interest bearing checking accounts are often the result of timing and behavior of municipal deposits. Municipal deposits have historically averaged between ~~20%~~25% to ~~25%~~30% of total deposits. Municipal deposits are typically placed in ~~interest-bearing~~interest bearing checking, savings and various time deposit accounts.

In general, there is a seasonal pattern to municipal deposits which dip to a low point in August each year. Account balances tend to increase throughout the fall and into early winter from tax deposits, flatten out after the beginning of the ensuing calendar year, and increase again at the end of March from the electronic deposit of NYS aid payments to school districts. In addition to seasonal behavior, the overall level of municipal deposit balances fluctuates from year-to-year as a result of local economic factors as well as competition from other banks and non-bank entities. Municipal deposits have been impacted by increased stimulus payments in response to the COVID-19 pandemic including the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021. Stimulus related funding is expected to decline over time.

Arrow uses reciprocal deposits for a select group of municipalities to reduce the amount of investment securities required to be pledged as collateral for municipal deposits where municipal deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance coverage limits were transferred to other participating banks, divided into portions so as to qualify such transferred deposits for FDIC insurance coverage at each

transferee bank. In return, reciprocal amounts are transferred to Arrow in equal amounts of deposits from the participant banks. The balances of reciprocal deposits were ~~$557.6~~$568.0 million and ~~$533.5~~$544.9 million at ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, ~~and September 30, 2021,~~ respectively.

Uninsured Deposits: Arrow's deposit base includes both insured and uninsured deposits. Arrow continually monitors levels and composition of uninsured deposits. Uninsured deposit balances at March 31, 2023 are less than 35% of the total deposit base.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Investment Portfolio Trends

The table below presents the changes in the period-end balances for available-for-sale, held-to-maturity and equity securities from December 31, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 (in thousands):


		(Dollars in Thousands)													(Dollars in Thousands)
		Fair Value at Period-End						Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) For Period Ended							Fair Value at Period-End						Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) For Period Ended
		9/30/2022		12/31/2021		Change		9/30/2022		12/31/2021		Change			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		Change		3/31/2023		12/31/2022		Change
Securities Available-for-Sale:	Securities Available-for-Sale:													Securities Available-for-Sale:

U.S. Agency Securities	U.S. Agency Securities	$	163,965	$	108,365	$	55,600	$	(16,035)	$	(1,635)	$	(14,400)	U.S. Agency Securities	$	177,585	$	175,199	$	2,386	$	(12,415)	$	(14,801)	$	2,386
State and Municipal Obligations	State and Municipal Obligations	340		400		(60)		—		—		—		State and Municipal Obligations	320		340		(20)		—		—		—
Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	409,949		449,751		(39,802)		(55,536)		1,009		(56,545)		Mortgage-Backed Securities	386,988		397,156		(10,168)		(44,766)		(50,599)		5,833
Corporate and Other Debt Securities	Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		800		—		(200)		(200)		—		Corporate and Other Debt Securities	800		800		—		(200)		(200)		—

Total	Total	$	575,054	$	559,316	$	15,738	$	(71,771)	$	(826)	$	(70,945)	Total	$	565,693	$	573,495	$	(7,802)	$	(57,381)	$	(65,600)	$	8,219

Securities Held-to-Maturity:	Securities Held-to-Maturity:													Securities Held-to-Maturity:
State and Municipal Obligations	State and Municipal Obligations	$	163,849	$	184,374	$	(20,525)	$	(5,770)	$	4,179	$	(9,949)	State and Municipal Obligations	$	153,895	$	160,470	$	(6,575)	$	(2,419)	$	(3,130)	$	711
Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	11,951		16,918		(4,967)		(608)		547		(1,155)		Mortgage-Backed Securities	10,544		11,153		(609)		(489)		(611)		122

Total	Total	$	175,800	$	201,292	$	(25,492)	$	(6,378)	$	4,726	$	(11,104)	Total	$	164,439	$	171,623	$	(7,184)	$	(2,908)	$	(3,741)	$	833

Equity Securities	Equity Securities	$	2,126	$	1,747	$	379	$	—	$	—	$	—	Equity Securities	$	2,070	$	2,174	$	(104)	$	—	$	—	$	—

The table below presents the weighted average yield for available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 (in thousands).


		September 30, 2022																						March 31, 2023
		Within One Year				After One But Within Five Years				After Five But Within Ten Years				After Ten Years				Total						Within One Year				After One But Within Five Years				After Five But Within Ten Years				After Ten Years				Total
		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount			Yield			Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount		Yield		Amount			Yield
Securities Available-for-Sale:	Securities Available-for-Sale:																						Securities Available-for-Sale:

U.S. Agency Securities	U.S. Agency Securities	$	5,000	2.0	%	$	175,000	1.4	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%	$	180,000	180000000	1.4	%	U.S. Agency Securities	$	15,000	3.5	%	$	175,000	1.6	%	$	—	—	%	$	—	—	%	$	190,000	190000000	1.7	%
State and Municipal Obligations	State and Municipal Obligations	20		—	%	—		—	%	320		—	%			—	%	340			—	%	State and Municipal Obligations	—		—	%	—		—	%	320		6.8	%			—	%	320			6.8	%
Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	817		1.8	%	254,104		1.9	%	210,564		1.6	%	—		—	%	465,485			1.8	%	Mortgage-Backed Securities	892		1.7	%	239,803		1.9	%	191,059		1.7	%	—		—	%	431,754			1.8	%
Corporate and Other Debt Securities	Corporate and Other Debt Securities			—	%			—	%	1,000		5.0	%	—		—	%	1,000			5.0	%	Corporate and Other Debt Securities			—	%			—	%	1,000		7.9	%	—		—	%	1,000			7.9	%

Total	Total	$	5,837	1.9	%	$	429,104	1.7	%	$	211,884	1.6	%	$	—	—	%	$	646,825		1.7	%	Total	$	15,892	3.4	%	$	414,803	1.8	%	$	192,379	1.7	%	$	—	—	%	$	623,074		1.8	%

Securities Held-to-Maturity:	Securities Held-to-Maturity:																						Securities Held-to-Maturity:
State and Municipal Obligations	State and Municipal Obligations	$	50,423	1.3	%	$	115,113	2.3	%	$	4,044	2.7	%	$	39	—	%	$	169,619		2.0	%	State and Municipal Obligations	$	82,142	2.4	%	$	71,828	2.5	%	$	2,312	3.7	%	$	32	6.7	%	$	156,314		2.5	%
Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	—		—	%	12,559		2.5	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	12,559			2.5	%	Mortgage-Backed Securities	—		—	%	11,033		2.5	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	11,033			2.5	%
Corporate and Other Debt Securities	Corporate and Other Debt Securities	—		—	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	—			—	%	Corporate and Other Debt Securities	—		—	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	—		—	%	—			—	%
Total	Total	$	50,423	1.3	%	$	127,672	2.3	%	$	4,044	2.7	%	$	39	—	%	$	182,178		2.0	%	Total	$	82,142	2.4	%	$	82,861	2.5	%	$	2,312	3.7	%	$	32	6.7	%	$	167,347		2.5	%

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow held no investment securities in the securities portfolios that consisted of or included, directly or indirectly, obligations of foreign governments or governmental agencies of foreign issuers.

In the periods referenced above, mortgage-backed securities consisted solely of mortgage pass-through securities and collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs). All mortgage-backed securities are issued or guaranteed by either U.S. federal agencies or by government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs). Mortgage pass-through securities provide to the investor monthly portions of principal and interest pursuant to the contractual obligations of the underlying mortgages. CMOs are pools of mortgage-backed securities, the repayments on which have generally been separated into two or more components (tranches), where each tranche has a separate estimated life and yield. Arrow's practice has been to purchase pass-through securities and CMOs that are issued or guaranteed by U.S. federal agencies or GSEs, and the tranches of CMOs purchased are generally those having shorter average lives and/or

durations. Lower market interest rates and/or payment deferrals on underlying loans that make up mortgage-backed security collateral may impact cashflows.

In the periods referenced above, U.S. Government & Agency Obligations consisted solely of agency bonds issued by GSEs. These securities generally pay fixed semi-annual coupons with principle payments at maturity. For some, callable options are included that may impact the timing of these principal payments. Arrow's practice has been to purchase Agency securities that are issued or guaranteed by GSEs with limited embedded optionality (call features). Final maturities are generally less than 5 years.

Arrow evaluates available-for-sale debt securities in unrealized loss positions at each measurement date to determine whether the decline in the fair value below the amortized cost basis (impairment) is due to credit-related factors or non-credit related factors. Any impairment that is not credit related is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of applicable taxes. Credit-related impairment is recognized within the allowance for credit losses on the balance sheet, limited to the amount by which the amortized cost basis exceeds the fair value, with a corresponding adjustment to earnings via credit loss expense. Arrow determined that at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, gross unrealized losses were primarily attributable to changes in interest rates, relative to when the investment securities were purchased, and not due to the credit quality of the investment securities. ~~In 2022, the~~The recent rising interest rate environment resulted in an increase in unrealized losses versus the comparable prior period. Arrow does not intend to sell, nor is it more likely than not that Arrow will be required to sell any securities before recovery of its amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. Therefore, Arrow carried no allowance for credit loss at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and there was no credit loss expense recognized by Arrow with respect to the securities portfolio during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

Arrow's held-to-maturity debt securities are comprised of GSEs and state and municipal obligations. GSE securities carry the explicit and/or implicit guarantee of the U.S. government, are widely recognized as “risk free,” and have a long history of zero credit loss. Arrow performs an analysis of the credit worthiness of municipal obligations to determine if a security is of investment grade. The analysis may include, but may not solely rely upon credit analysis conducted by external credit rating agencies. Arrow determined that the expected credit loss on its held to maturity debt portfolio was immaterial and, therefore, no allowance for credit loss was recorded as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

Changes in net unrealized gains or losses during recent periods have been primarily attributable to changes in market rates during the periods in question and not due to the credit-worthiness of the issuers.

Investment Sales, Purchases and Maturities

There were no sales of investment securities within the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 or ~~2021.~~2022.

The following table summarizes purchases of investment securities within the available-for-sale and held-to-maturity portfolios for the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ as well as proceeds from the maturity and calls of investment securities within each portfolio for the respective periods presented:


(In Thousands)	(In Thousands)	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				(In Thousands)	Three Months Ended
Purchases:	Purchases:	9/30/2022		9/30/2021		9/30/2022		9/30/2021		Purchases:	3/31/2023		3/31/2022
Available-for-Sale Portfolio	Available-for-Sale Portfolio									Available-for-Sale Portfolio

U.S. Agency Securities	U.S. Agency Securities	$	15,000	$	15,000	$	70,000	$	60,000	U.S. Agency Securities	$	—	$	30,000

Mortgage-Backed Securities	Mortgage-Backed Securities	24,625		76,608		79,674		162,089		Mortgage-Backed Securities	—		45,049

Total Purchases	Total Purchases	$	39,625	$	91,608	$	149,674	$	222,089	Total Purchases	$	—	$	75,049

Maturities & Calls	Maturities & Calls	$	18,960	$	40,245	$	61,620	$	93,332	Maturities & Calls	$	15,669	$	21,473

(In Thousands) Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
Purchases: 9/30/2022 9/30/2021 9/30/2022 9/30/2021
Held-to-Maturity Portfolio
State and Municipal Obligations $ 4,802 $ 991 $ 10,293 $ 4,695
Maturities & Calls $ 4,575 $ 6,985 $ 24,231 $ 24,266


(In Thousands)	Three Months Ended
Purchases:	3/31/2023		3/31/2022
Held-to-Maturity Portfolio
State and Municipal Obligations	$	1,448	$	4,950



Maturities & Calls	$	9,328	$	4,699

5854

Loan Trends

The following three tables present, for each of the last five quarters, the quarterly average balances by loan type, the percentage of total loans represented by each loan type and the annualized yield of each loan category:

Quarterly Average Loan Balances

(Dollars in Thousands)


		Quarter Ended											Quarter Ended
		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022
Commercial excluding PPP Loans	Commercial excluding PPP Loans	$	134,986	$	130,177	$	135,472	$	127,346	$	133,448	Commercial excluding PPP Loans	$	135,670	$	141,419	$	134,986	$	130,177	$	135,472
PPP Loans	PPP Loans	637		11,267		26,086		48,778		82,042		PPP Loans	—		—		637		11,267		26,086
Commercial Real Estate	Commercial Real Estate	661,471		645,968		631,255		623,273		606,661		Commercial Real Estate	710,719		674,420		661,471		645,968		631,255
Consumer	Consumer	1,047,470		1,013,361		932,401		921,376		903,869		Consumer	1,070,314		1,065,467		1,047,470		1,013,361		932,401
Residential Real Estate	Residential Real Estate	1,027,502		1,003,407		953,582		939,892		915,706		Residential Real Estate	1,075,225		1,070,241		1,027,502		1,003,407		953,582
Total Loans	Total Loans	$	2,872,066	$	2,804,180	$	2,678,796	$	2,660,665	$	2,641,726	Total Loans	$	2,991,928	$	2,951,547	$	2,872,066	$	2,804,180	$	2,678,796

Percentage of Total Quarterly Average Loans


		Quarter Ended											Quarter Ended
		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022
Commercial excluding PPP Loans	Commercial excluding PPP Loans	4.7	%	4.6	%	5.0	%	4.8	%	5.0	%	Commercial excluding PPP Loans	4.5	%	4.8	%	4.7	%	4.6	%	5.0	%
PPP Loans	PPP Loans	—	%	0.4	%	1.0	%	1.8	%	3.1	%	PPP Loans	—	%	—	%	—	%	0.4	%	1.0	%
Commercial Real Estate	Commercial Real Estate	23.0	%	23.0	%	23.6	%	23.4	%	23.0	%	Commercial Real Estate	23.8	%	22.8	%	23.0	%	23.0	%	23.6	%
Consumer	Consumer	36.5	%	36.2	%	34.8	%	34.6	%	34.2	%	Consumer	35.8	%	36.1	%	36.5	%	36.2	%	34.8	%
Residential Real Estate	Residential Real Estate	35.8	%	35.8	%	35.6	%	35.4	%	34.7	%	Residential Real Estate	35.9	%	36.3	%	35.8	%	35.8	%	35.6	%
Total Loans	Total Loans	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	Total Loans	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

Quarterly Yield on Loans


		Quarter Ended											Quarter Ended
		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022
Commercial (Total Portfolio)	Commercial (Total Portfolio)	4.17	%	3.93	%	4.17	%	3.97	%	4.81	%	Commercial (Total Portfolio)	4.28	%	4.18	%	4.17	%	3.93	%	4.17	%
Commercial excluding PPP loans	Commercial excluding PPP loans	4.17	%	3.90	%	3.87	%	3.83	%	3.91	%	Commercial excluding PPP loans	4.28	%	4.18	%	4.17	%	3.90	%	3.87	%
Commercial Real Estate	Commercial Real Estate	4.60	%	3.82	%	3.80	%	3.78	%	3.80	%	Commercial Real Estate	4.73	%	4.57	%	4.60	%	3.82	%	3.80	%
Consumer	Consumer	4.10	%	3.83	%	3.84	%	3.87	%	3.93	%	Consumer	4.26	%	4.02	%	4.10	%	3.83	%	3.84	%
Residential Real Estate	Residential Real Estate	3.78	%	3.70	%	3.71	%	3.73	%	3.76	%	Residential Real Estate	4.10	%	3.80	%	3.78	%	3.70	%	3.71	%
Total Loans	Total Loans	4.09	%	3.85	%	3.90	%	3.82	%	4.08	%	Total Loans	4.32	%	4.13	%	4.09	%	3.85	%	3.90	%

The average yield on the loan portfolio was ~~4.09%~~4.32% for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 up 2419 basis points from the ~~second~~fourth quarter of 2022. Market rates have ~~increased in 2022,~~continued to increase, which impacts new loan yields for fixed rate loans, and variable loan yields as these loans reach their repricing dates. Commercial loan yields in the third quarter were affected by higher market rates and fees received on a loan prepayment. Consumer loan yields were affected by a $536 thousand amortization adjustment that occurred in the quarter. Residential real estate yields are anticipated to increase for the remainder of 2022, consistent with recent overall market behavior as well as the effect of variable home equity loans.

5955

The table below shows the maturity of loans outstanding as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023. Also provided are the amounts due after one year, classified according to fixed interest rates and variable interest rates (in thousands):


		September 30, 2022											March 31, 2023
		Within One Year		After One But Within Five Years		After Five But Within 15 Years		After 15 Years		Total			Within One Year		After One But Within Five Years		After Five But Within 15 Years		After 15 Years		Total
Commercial	Commercial	$	26,376	$	73,962	$	38,530	$	105	$	138,973	Commercial	$	24,241	$	73,992	$	37,582	$	102	$	135,917
Commercial Real Estate	Commercial Real Estate	165,626		212,427		197,190		103,974		679,217		Commercial Real Estate	169,525		216,920		322,828		6,084		715,357
Consumer	Consumer	34,776		485,441		534,887		481		1,055,585		Consumer	10,218		533,798		528,897		456		1,073,369
Residential Real Estate	Residential Real Estate	159,979		52,046		207,456		631,538		1,051,019		Residential Real Estate	135,577		53,462		231,727		659,943		1,080,709
Total	Total	$	386,757	$	823,876	$	978,063	$	736,098	$	2,924,794	Total	$	339,561	$	878,172	$	1,121,034	$	666,585	$	3,005,352

				After One But Within Five Years		After Five But Within 15 Years		After 15 Years		Total					After One But Within Five Years		After Five But Within 15 Years		After 15 Years		Total
Loans maturing with:	Loans maturing with:											Loans maturing with:
Fixed Interest Rates	Fixed Interest Rates			$	562,013	$	933,889	$	638,900	$	2,134,802	Fixed Interest Rates			$	611,620	$	930,102	$	664,154	$	2,205,876
Variable Interest Rates	Variable Interest Rates			261,863		44,174		97,198		403,235		Variable Interest Rates			266,552		190,932		2,431		459,915
Total	Total			$	823,876	$	978,063	$	736,098	$	2,538,037	Total			$	878,172	$	1,121,034	$	666,585	$	2,665,791

Maintenance of High Quality Credit in the Loan Portfolio: There have been no significant fluctuations in the quality of the loan portfolio or any segment thereof. In general, residential real estate loans have historically been underwritten to secondary market standards for prime loans and Arrow has not engaged in subprime mortgage lending as a business line. Similarly, high underwriting standards have generally been applied to commercial and commercial real estate lending operations and generally in the indirect lending program as well.

Commercial Loans and Commercial Real Estate Loans: Substantially all commercial and commercial real estate loans in the loan portfolio were extended to businesses or borrowers located in Arrow's regional markets. A portion of the loans in the commercial portfolio have variable rates tied to market indices, such as Prime, LIBOR, SOFR or FHLBNY. PPP loans were previously included within the commercial loan portfolio. ~~There were no~~The PPP ~~loans outstanding as of September 30,~~program ended in 2022.

Consumer Loans: At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, consumer loans (primarily automobile loans originated through dealerships located in upstate New York and Vermont) continue to be a significant component of Arrow's business, comprising approximately one third of the total loan portfolio.

~~New consumer loan volume for the first nine months of 2022 was $467.0 million, up from the $364.8 million originated in the first nine months of 2021.~~

For credit quality purposes, Arrow assigns potential automobile loan customers into one of four tiers, ranging from lower to higher quality in terms of anticipated credit risk. Arrow's experienced lending staff not only utilizes credit evaluation software tools but also reviews and evaluates each loan individually prior to the loan being funded. Arrow believes that this disciplined approach to evaluating risk has contributed to maintaining the strong credit quality in this portfolio.

Residential Real Estate Loans: Gross originations for residential real estate loans (including refinancings of mortgage loans) for the first nine months of 2022 were $175.0 million, as compared to $174.2 million for the first nine months of 2021. Strong demand for residential real estate has continued even as interest rates have increased. ~~The~~Although the projected ongoing rise in the interest rates may impact future demand. Arrow has ~~also~~historically sold portions of ~~these~~ originations in the secondary market. In the first nine months of 2022, Arrow sold $4.1 million, or 2.3%, of originations while retaining the mortgage servicing rights. In the first nine months of 2021, $48.7 million, or 27.9%, of originations were sold. Sales decreased as the result of the strategic decision to grow the residential loan ~~portfolio.~~portfolio as well as current market conditions. The rate at which mortgage loan originations are sold in future periods will depend on a variety of factors, including demand for residential mortgages in our operating markets, market conditions for mortgage sales and strategic balance sheet and interest-rate risk management decisions.

Deposit Trends

The following tables provide information on trends in the balance and mix of the deposit portfolio by presenting, for each of the last five quarters, the quarterly average balances by deposit type and the percentage of total deposits represented by each deposit type. The quarterly average balances have declined from the 4th quarter of ~~both noninterest-bearing deposits~~2022 as well as the comparable 2022 quarter. In addition, due to the current rate environment and ~~interest-bearing checking and savings accounts have~~ increased ~~from prior year levels. Time deposits over $250,000 and other time~~competitive pricing, deposits have ~~decreased for the four quarters leading into the third quarter of 2022. In the current quarter, the balance of~~also migrated to higher cost time ~~deposits has increased as the result of a strategic initiative to grow certificate of deposit balances.~~deposits.

6056


Quarterly Average Deposit Balances
(Dollars in Thousands)

	Quarter Ended
	3/31/2023		12/31/2022		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022
Non-Interest Bearing Deposits	$	798,576	$	787,157	$	866,659	$	811,607	$	794,968
Interest Bearing Checking Accounts	964,735		1,082,267		996,116		1,048,752		1,027,740
Savings Deposits	1,474,251		1,548,293		1,549,451		1,541,616		1,557,855
Time Deposits over $250,000	94,415		65,897		49,459		37,418		70,101
Other Time Deposits	148,302		131,331		136,834		130,361		131,592
Total Deposits	$	3,480,279	$	3,614,945	$	3,598,519	$	3,569,754	$	3,582,256

Quarterly Average Deposit Balances
(Dollars in Thousands)
Quarter Ended
9/30/2022 6/30/2022 3/31/2022 12/31/2021 9/30/2021
Noninterest-Bearing Deposits $ 866,659 $ 811,607 $ 794,968 $ 819,624 $ 802,837
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts 996,116 1,048,752 1,027,740 998,398 923,002
Savings Deposits 1,549,451 1,541,616 1,557,855 1,562,318 1,496,938
Time Deposits over $250,000 49,459 37,418 70,101 71,965 71,435
Other Time Deposits 136,834 130,361 131,592 138,461 141,721
Total Deposits $ 3,598,519 $ 3,569,754 $ 3,582,256 $ 3,590,766 $ 3,435,933


		Quarter Ended											Quarter Ended
		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022
Non-Municipal Deposits	Non-Municipal Deposits	$	2,719,591	$	2,662,052	$	2,639,258	$	2,629,553	$	2,590,678	Non-Municipal Deposits	$	2,567,132	$	2,668,704	$	2,719,291	$	2,662,052	$	2,639,258
Municipal Deposits	Municipal Deposits	879,228		907,702		942,998		961,213		845,255		Municipal Deposits	913,147		946,241		879,228		907,702		942,998
Total Deposits	Total Deposits	$	3,598,819	$	3,569,754	$	3,582,256	$	3,590,766	$	3,435,933	Total Deposits	$	3,480,279	$	3,614,945	$	3,598,519	$	3,569,754	$	3,582,256

Percentage of Total Quarterly Average Deposits


		Quarter Ended											Quarter Ended
		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022
Noninterest-Bearing Deposits		24.1	%	22.7	%	22.2	%	22.8	%	23.4	%
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts		27.7	%	29.4	%	28.7	%	27.8	%	26.9	%
Non-Interest Bearing Deposits												Non-Interest Bearing Deposits	22.9	%	21.8	%	24.1	%	22.7	%	22.2	%
Interest Bearing Checking Accounts												Interest Bearing Checking Accounts	27.7	%	29.9	%	27.7	%	29.4	%	28.7	%
Savings Deposits	Savings Deposits	43.0	%	43.2	%	43.4	%	43.5	%	43.5	%	Savings Deposits	42.4	%	42.9	%	43.0	%	43.2	%	43.4	%
Time Deposits over $250,000	Time Deposits over $250,000	1.4	%	1.0	%	2.0	%	2.0	%	2.1	%	Time Deposits over $250,000	2.7	%	1.8	%	1.4	%	1.0	%	2.0	%
Other Time Deposits	Other Time Deposits	3.8	%	3.7	%	3.7	%	3.9	%	4.1	%	Other Time Deposits	4.3	%	3.6	%	3.8	%	3.7	%	3.7	%
Total Deposits	Total Deposits	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	Total Deposits	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

Quarterly Cost of Deposits


		Quarter Ended											Quarter Ended
		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		9/30/2022		6/30/2022		3/31/2022
Demand Deposits	Demand Deposits	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	Demand Deposits	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts		0.11	%	0.08	%	0.06	%	0.07	%	0.07	%
Interest Bearing Checking Accounts												Interest Bearing Checking Accounts	0.16	%	0.13	%	0.11	%	0.08	%	0.06	%
Savings Deposits	Savings Deposits	0.63	%	0.23	%	0.11	%	0.10	%	0.11	%	Savings Deposits	1.54	%	1.05	%	0.63	%	0.23	%	0.11	%
Time Deposits over $250,000	Time Deposits over $250,000	0.71	%	0.28	%	0.16	%	0.18	%	0.22	%	Time Deposits over $250,000	2.47	%	1.36	%	0.71	%	0.28	%	0.16	%
Other Time Deposits	Other Time Deposits	0.43	%	0.34	%	0.33	%	0.35	%	0.37	%	Other Time Deposits	1.30	%	0.71	%	0.43	%	0.34	%	0.33	%
Total Deposits	Total Deposits	0.33	%	0.14	%	0.08	%	0.08	%	0.09	%	Total Deposits	0.82	%	0.54	%	0.33	%	0.14	%	0.08	%

For the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, the total cost of deposits increased 1928 basis points from the previous quarter. The Federal Funds rate began to increase in the first quarter of 2022 and ~~is anticipated to continue to increase~~has continued into 2023. Arrow is well positioned for a variety of rate environments, see Part I, Item 3, entitled "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk," on page 7265 for further discussion.

Non-Deposit Sources of Funds

Arrow's other sources of funds have previously included securities sold under agreements to repurchase and term advances from the FHLBNY. The securities sold under agreements to repurchase are offered to existing customers, short-term in nature and are collateralized by investment securities. The term advances from the FHLBNY are fixed rate non-callable advances with original maturities of three to five years.

The $20 million principal amount of Junior Subordinated Obligations Issued to Unconsolidated Subsidiary Trusts listed on the consolidated balance sheet as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 (i.e., previously issued TRUPs) will, subject to certain limits, continue to qualify as Tier 1 regulatory capital for Arrow until such TRUPs mature or are redeemed. This is further discussed under "Capital Resources" beginning on page 6460 of this Report.

6157

ASSET QUALITY

The following table presents information related to the allowance and provision for credit losses for the past five quarters:

Summary of the Allowance and Provision for Credit Losses

(Dollars in Thousands, Loans Stated Net of Unearned Income)


		9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022			12/31/2021			9/30/2021				3/31/2023			12/31/2022			9/30/2022			6/30/2022			3/31/2022
Loan Balances:	Loan Balances:																Loan Balances:
Period-End Loans	Period-End Loans	$	2,924,794		$	2,844,802		$	2,737,267		$	2,667,941		$	2,654,751		Period-End Loans	$	3,005,352		$	2,983,207		$	2,924,794		$	2,844,802		$	2,737,267
Average Loans, Year-to-Date	Average Loans, Year-to-Date	2,785,721			2,741,834			2,678,796			2,643,163			2,637,265			Average Loans, Year-to-Date	2,991,928			2,827,518			2,785,721			2,741,834			2,678,796
Average Loans, Quarter-to-Date	Average Loans, Quarter-to-Date	2,872,066			2,804,180			2,678,796			2,660,665			2,641,726			Average Loans, Quarter-to-Date	2,991,928			2,951,547			2,872,066			2,804,180			2,678,796
Period-End Assets	Period-End Assets	4,232,778			3,991,205			4,156,402			4,027,952			4,071,104			Period-End Assets	4,114,630			3,969,509			4,232,778			3,991,205			4,156,402

Allowance for Credit Losses, Year-to-Date:	Allowance for Credit Losses, Year-to-Date:																Allowance for Credit Losses, Year-to-Date:
Allowance for Credit Losses, Beginning of Period	Allowance for Credit Losses, Beginning of Period	$	27,281		$	27,281		$	27,281		$	29,232		$	29,232		Allowance for Credit Losses, Beginning of Period	$	29,952		$	27,281		$	27,281		$	27,281		$	27,281
Impact of the Adoption of ASU 2016-13		—			—			—			(1,300)			(1,300)

Provision for Credit Losses, YTD	Provision for Credit Losses, YTD	3,389			1,674			769			272			(286)			Provision for Credit Losses, YTD	1,554			4,798			3,389			1,674			769
Loans Charged-off, YTD	Loans Charged-off, YTD	(2,883)			(1,736)			(829)			(2,239)			(1,520)			Loans Charged-off, YTD	(1,328)			(4,143)			(2,883)			(1,736)			(829)
Recoveries of Loans Previously Charged-off	Recoveries of Loans Previously Charged-off	1,445			871			440			1,316			830			Recoveries of Loans Previously Charged-off	606			2,016			1,445			871			440
Net Charge-offs, YTD	Net Charge-offs, YTD	(1,438)			(865)			(389)			(923)			(690)			Net Charge-offs, YTD	(722)			(2,127)			(1,438)			(865)			(389)
Allowance for Credit Losses, End of Period	Allowance for Credit Losses, End of Period	$	29,232		$	28,090		$	27,661		$	27,281		$	26,956		Allowance for Credit Losses, End of Period	$	30,784		$	29,952		$	29,232		$	28,090		$	27,661

Allowance for Credit Losses, Quarter-to-Date:	Allowance for Credit Losses, Quarter-to-Date:																Allowance for Credit Losses, Quarter-to-Date:
Allowance for Credit Losses, Beginning of Period	Allowance for Credit Losses, Beginning of Period	$	28,090		$	27,661		$	27,281		$	26,956		$	27,010		Allowance for Credit Losses, Beginning of Period	$	29,952		$	29,232		$	28,090		$	27,661		$	27,281

Provision for Credit Losses, QTD	Provision for Credit Losses, QTD	1,715			905			769			558			99			Provision for Credit Losses, QTD	1,554			1,409			1,715			905			769
Loans Charged-off, QTD	Loans Charged-off, QTD	(1,147)			(907)			(829)			(719)			(444)			Loans Charged-off, QTD	(1,328)			(1,261)			(1,147)			(907)			(829)
Recoveries of Loans Previously Charged-off	Recoveries of Loans Previously Charged-off	574			431			440			486			291			Recoveries of Loans Previously Charged-off	606			572			574			431			440
Net Charge-offs, QTD	Net Charge-offs, QTD	(573)			(476)			(389)			(233)			(153)			Net Charge-offs, QTD	(722)			(689)			(573)			(476)			(389)
Allowance for Credit Losses, End of Period	Allowance for Credit Losses, End of Period	$	29,232		$	28,090		$	27,661		$	27,281		$	26,956		Allowance for Credit Losses, End of Period	$	30,784		$	29,952		$	29,232		$	28,090		$	27,661

Nonperforming Assets, at Period-End:	Nonperforming Assets, at Period-End:																Nonperforming Assets, at Period-End:
Nonaccrual Loans	Nonaccrual Loans	$	8,812		$	7,999		$	9,750		$	10,764		$	10,723		Nonaccrual Loans	$	10,852		$	10,757		$	8,812		$	7,999		$	9,750
Loans Past Due 90 or More Days and Still Accruing Interest	Loans Past Due 90 or More Days and Still Accruing Interest	514			1,641			55			823			555			Loans Past Due 90 or More Days and Still Accruing Interest	241			1,157			514			1,641			55
Restructured and in Compliance with Modified Terms	Restructured and in Compliance with Modified Terms	82			77			74			77			67			Restructured and in Compliance with Modified Terms	62			69			82			77			74
Total Nonperforming Loans	Total Nonperforming Loans	9,408			9,717			9,879			11,664			11,345			Total Nonperforming Loans	11,155			11,983			9,408			9,717			9,879
Repossessed Assets	Repossessed Assets	604			297			180			126			272			Repossessed Assets	144			593			604			297			180
Other Real Estate Owned	Other Real Estate Owned	—			—			—			—			79			Other Real Estate Owned	—			—			—			—			—
Total Nonperforming Assets	Total Nonperforming Assets	$	10,012		$	10,014		$	10,059		$	11,790		$	11,696		Total Nonperforming Assets	$	11,299		$	12,576		$	10,012		$	10,014		$	10,059

Asset Quality Ratios:	Asset Quality Ratios:																Asset Quality Ratios:
Allowance to Nonperforming Loans	Allowance to Nonperforming Loans	310.71		%	289.08		%	280.00		%	233.89		%	237.60		%	Allowance to Nonperforming Loans	275.97		%	249.95		%	310.71		%	289.08		%	280.00		%
Allowance to Period-End Loans	Allowance to Period-End Loans	1.00		%	0.99		%	1.01		%	1.02		%	1.02		%	Allowance to Period-End Loans	1.02		%	1.00		%	1.00		%	0.99		%	1.01		%
Provision to Average Loans (Quarter) (1)	Provision to Average Loans (Quarter) (1)	0.24		%	0.13		%	0.12		%	0.08		%	0.01		%	Provision to Average Loans (Quarter) (1)	0.21		%	0.19		%	0.24		%	0.13		%	0.12		%
Provision to Average Loans (YTD) (1)	Provision to Average Loans (YTD) (1)	0.16		%	0.12		%	0.12		%	0.01		%	(0.01)		%	Provision to Average Loans (YTD) (1)	0.21		%	0.17		%	0.16		%	0.12		%	0.12		%
Net Charge-offs to Average Loans (Quarter) (1)	Net Charge-offs to Average Loans (Quarter) (1)	0.08		%	0.07		%	0.06		%	0.03		%	0.02		%	Net Charge-offs to Average Loans (Quarter) (1)	0.10		%	0.09		%	0.08		%	0.07		%	0.06		%
Net Charge-offs to Average Loans (YTD) (1)	Net Charge-offs to Average Loans (YTD) (1)	0.07		%	0.06		%	0.06		%	0.03		%	0.03		%	Net Charge-offs to Average Loans (YTD) (1)	0.10		%	0.08		%	0.07		%	0.06		%	0.06		%
Nonperforming Loans to Total Loans	Nonperforming Loans to Total Loans	0.32		%	0.34		%	0.36		%	0.44		%	0.43		%	Nonperforming Loans to Total Loans	0.37		%	0.40		%	0.32		%	0.34		%	0.36		%
Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets	Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets	0.24		%	0.25		%	0.24		%	0.29		%	0.29		%	Nonperforming Assets to Total Assets	0.27		%	0.32		%	0.24		%	0.25		%	0.24		%
(1) Annualized	(1) Annualized																(1) Annualized

Provision for Credit Losses

Arrow loan officers and risk managers meet at least quarterly to discuss and review the conditions and risks associated with certain criticized and classified commercial-related relationships. In addition, the independent internal loan review department performs periodic reviews of the credit quality indicators on individual loans in the commercial loan portfolio.

~~Arrow adopted CECL on January 1, 2021.~~ CECL calculates losses over the life of a loan or financial instrument. Arrow and its subsidiaries utilize a loss projection model updated with data from our core systems, and incorporates various assumptions to produce the CECL reserve. A CECL Steering Committee was created to provide a management governance function to review, critically

challenge and approve components of the CECL reporting process. One key responsibility of the CECL Steering Committee is to review annually the key assumptions utilized in

the CECL calculation including loan segmentation, loan loss regression analysis, reasonable and supportable forecast period, reversion period, discounted cash flow inputs including economic forecast data and prepayment and curtailment speeds and qualitative factors.

The ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 allowance for credit losses calculation incorporated a reasonable and supportable forecast period to account for economic conditions utilized in the measurement. The quantitative model utilized an economic forecast sourced from reputable third-parties that reflects the economic conditions with a slight deterioration of approximately ~~0.45%~~0.18% in the national unemployment rate during the six-quarter forecast period, while forecasted gross domestic product are projected to ~~decline~~improve approximately ~~1.0%~~0.07%. The home price index (HPI) forecast declined approximately ~~4.63%~~4.07% from the previous quarter level. Driven by current economic forecasts, loan growth and net charge offs, the ~~third~~first quarter provision for credit losses was ~~$1.7~~$1.6 million. The provision is directionally consistent with both the latest economic forecasts as well as ~~third~~first quarter ~~2022~~2023 activity. For the the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021,~~2022, a provision of ~~$99~~$769 thousand was recorded. In addition, Arrow recorded ~~an expense~~a credit for estimated credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures in other liabilities of ~~$30~~$68 thousand in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~

2023. See Notes 12 and 45 to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements for additional discussion related to CECL.

The ratio of the allowance for credit losses to total loans was ~~1.00%~~1.02% at ~~September 30, 2022, a decrease~~March 31, 2023, an increase from ~~1.02%~~1.00% at December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2021.~~1.01% at March 31, 2022.

The accounting policy relating to the allowance for credit losses is considered to be a critical accounting policy, given the uncertainty involved in evaluating the level of the allowance required to cover credit losses in the loan portfolio, and the material effect that such judgments may have on the results of operations. The process for determining the provision for credit losses is described in Note 45 to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements.

Risk Elements

Nonperforming assets at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 amounted to ~~$10.0~~$11.3 million, a decrease from the ~~$11.8~~$12.6 million total at December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~the $11.7~~an increase from $10.1 million total at ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. For the three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ ratios of nonperforming assets to total assets have remained ~~below~~fairly consistent to the average ratios for the peer group. (See page 4543 for a discussion of the peer group.) At ~~June 30,~~December 31, 2022, the ratio of loans past due 90 or more days plus nonaccrual loans plus other real estate owned to total assets was ~~0.25%, below~~0.32% as compared to the ~~0.31%~~0.28% ratio of the peer group at such date (the latest date for which peer group information is available). At ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 the ratio was ~~0.24%~~0.27%.

The following table presents the balance of other non-current loans at period-end as to which interest income was being accrued (i.e., loans 30 to 89 days past due, as defined in bank regulatory guidelines). These non-current loans are not included in nonperforming assets, but entail heightened risk:


Loans Past Due 30-89 Days and Accruing Interest ($ in 000's)	Loans Past Due 30-89 Days and Accruing Interest ($ in 000's)							Loans Past Due 30-89 Days and Accruing Interest ($ in 000's)
		9/30/2022		12/31/2021		9/30/2021			3/31/2023		12/31/2022		3/31/2022
Commercial Loans	Commercial Loans	$	156	$	205	$	792	Commercial Loans	$	101	$	450	$	92
Commercial Real Estate Loans	Commercial Real Estate Loans	—		—		—		Commercial Real Estate Loans	—		—		—
Residential Real Estate Loans	Residential Real Estate Loans	1,456		2,663		1,663		Residential Real Estate Loans	1,328		1,779		2,624
Consumer Loans - Primarily Indirect Automobile	Consumer Loans - Primarily Indirect Automobile	13,268		9,302		7,287		Consumer Loans - Primarily Indirect Automobile	15,665		18,175		9,179
Total Loans Past Due 30-89 Days and Accruing Interest	Total Loans Past Due 30-89 Days and Accruing Interest	$	14,880	$	12,170	$	9,742	Total Loans Past Due 30-89 Days and Accruing Interest	$	17,094	$	20,404	$	11,895

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, the loans in the above-referenced category totaled ~~$14.9~~$17.1 million, ~~an increase~~a decrease of ~~$2.7~~$3.3 million, or ~~22.3%~~16.2%, from the ~~$12.2~~$20.4 million of such loans at December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 total of non-current loans equaled ~~0.51%~~0.57% of loans then outstanding, compared to ~~0.46%~~0.68% at December 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~0.37%~~0.43% at ~~September 30, 2021. The change from September 30, 2021 is primarily attributable to COVID-19 pandemic stimulus which occurred in 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

The number and dollar amount of performing loans that demonstrate characteristics of potential weakness from time-to-time (potential problem loans) typically is a very small percentage of the loan portfolio. See the table of Credit Quality Indicators in Note 4 to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements. Arrow considers all performing commercial and commercial real estate loans classified as substandard or lower (as reported in Note 4)5) to be potential problem loans. These loans will continue to be closely monitored and Arrow expects to collect all payments of contractual principal and interest in full on these classified loans.

As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow held no other real estate owned. At this time, Arrow does not expect to acquire a significant number of other real estate properties in the near term as a result of payment defaults or the foreclosure process.

6359

~~PPP Loans~~

Arrow originated approximately $234.2 million of PPP loans in 2020 and 2021. The PPP loans had an interest rate of 1%. The original term on the PPP loans is two years, however the borrower has the option to apply for forgiveness. Subsequent to the funding of the loans, additional guidance was provided that the term of the loan may be extended to five years if both parties agree to the revised terms. Arrow recognizes the fees earned over the life of the loan and accelerates recognition of the fees as the loans are forgiven by the Small Business Administration. As of September 30, 2022, there were no PPP loans outstanding.


~~Outstanding PPP Loans as of September 30, 2022~~ ~~(Dollars In Thousands)~~
~~PPP Loans Funded to Date~~	$	~~234,196~~
~~PPP Loans Forgiven~~	~~(234,196)~~
~~Outstanding PPP Loans~~	$	—

Income Earned on PPP Loans for the Periods Ended
September 30, 2022
(Dollars In Thousands)
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
Interest Earned at Rate of 1% $ 1 $ 97
Fees Recognized 69 1,477
Income Earned on PPP Loans $ 70 $ 1,574

CAPITAL RESOURCES

Regulatory Capital Standards

Capital Adequacy Requirements. An important area of banking regulation is the federal banking system's promulgation and enforcement of minimum capitalization standards for banks and bank holding companies.

As reported in the Regulatory Reform section above, Arrow elected to opt out of utilizing the CBLR framework. The Capital Rules will remain applicable to Arrow.

The following is a summary of certain definitions of capital under the various capital measures in the Capital Rules:

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (CET1): Equals the sum of common stock instruments and related surplus (net of treasury stock), retained earnings, accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI), and qualifying minority interests, minus applicable regulatory adjustments and deductions. Such deductions will include AOCI, if the organization has exercised its irrevocable option not to include AOCI in capital (Arrow made such an election). Mortgage-servicing assets, deferred tax assets, and investments in financial institutions are limited to 15% of CET1 in the aggregate and 10% of CET1 for each such item individually.

Additional Tier 1 Capital: Equals the sum of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock, tier 1 minority interests, grandfathered TRUPs, and Troubled Asset Relief Program instruments, minus applicable regulatory adjustments and deductions.

Tier 2 Capital: Equals the sum of subordinated debt and preferred stock, total capital minority interests not included in Tier 1, and allowance for loan and lease losses (not exceeding 1.25% of risk-weighted assets) minus applicable regulatory adjustments and deductions.

The following table presents the minimum regulatory capital ratios applicable to Arrow and its subsidiary banks under the current Capital Rules:


Capital Ratio	~~2022~~2023
Minimum CET1 Ratio	4.500	%
Capital Conservation Buffer ("Buffer")	2.500	%
Minimum CET1 Ratio Plus Buffer	7.000	%
Minimum Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio	6.000	%
Minimum Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio Plus Buffer	8.500	%
Minimum Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio	8.000	%
Minimum Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio Plus Buffer	10.500	%
Minimum Leverage Ratio	4.000	%

These minimum capital ratios, especially the minimum CET1 ratio (4.5%) and the enhanced minimum Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio (6.0%), represent a heightened and more restrictive capital regime than institutions like Arrow previously had to meet under the prior capital rules.

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow and its subsidiary banks exceeded by a substantial amount each of the applicable minimum capital ratios established under the Capital Rules, including the minimum CET1 Ratio, the minimum Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio, the minimum Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio, and the minimum Leverage Ratio, including in the case of each risk-based ratio, the capital buffer.

Prompt Corrective Action Capital Classifications. Under applicable banking law, federal banking regulators are required to take prompt corrective action with respect to depository institutions that do not meet certain minimum capital requirements. For these purposes, the regulators have established five capital classifications for banking institutions, ranging from the highest category of "well-capitalized" to the lowest category of "critically under-capitalized". Under the current capital classifications, a banking institution is considered "well-capitalized" if it meets the following capitalization standards on the date of measurement: a CET1 risk-based capital ratio of 6.50% or greater, a Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.00% or greater, a total risk-based capital ratio of 10.00% or greater, and a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5.00% or greater, provided the institution is not subject to any regulatory order or written directive regarding capital maintenance. Federal banking law also ties the ability of banking organizations to engage in certain types of activities and to utilize certain procedures to such organizations' continuing to qualify for inclusion in one of the two highest rankings of these capitalization categories, i.e., as "well-capitalized" or "adequately capitalized."

Current Capital Ratios: The table below sets forth the regulatory capital ratios of Arrow and its subsidiary banks under the current Capital Rules, as of ~~September 30, 2022:~~March 31, 2023:

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio Tier 1 Leverage Ratio
Arrow Financial Corporation 13.14 % 13.85 % 14.93 % 9.71 %
Glens Falls National Bank & Trust Co. 13.05 % 13.05 % 14.09 % 9.05 %
Saratoga National Bank & Trust Co. 14.47 % 14.47 % 15.72 % 10.35 %
FDICIA's Prompt Corrective Action - "Well-Capitalized" Standard (2019) 6.50 % 8.00 % 10.00 % 5.00 %
Regulatory Minimum
7.00%(1)
8.50%(1)
10.50%(1)
4.00 %
(1) Including the fully phased-in 2.50% capital conservation buffer


	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio		Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio		Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio		Tier 1 Leverage Ratio
Arrow Financial Corporation	13.34	%	14.03	%	15.15	%	10.13	%
Glens Falls National Bank & Trust Co.	13.37	%	13.37	%	14.44	%	9.32	%
Saratoga National Bank & Trust Co.	13.90	%	13.90	%	15.15	%	10.64	%

FDICIA's Prompt Corrective Action - "Well-Capitalized" Standard (2019)	6.50	%	8.00	%	10.00	%	5.00	%
Regulatory Minimum	7.00%(1)		8.50%(1)		10.50%(1)		4.00	%

(1) Including the fully phased-in 2.50% capital conservation buffer

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow and its subsidiary banks exceeded the minimum regulatory capital ratios established under the current Capital Rules and each also qualified as "well-capitalized", the highest category in the new capital classification scheme established by federal bank regulatory agencies under the "prompt corrective action" standards, as described above.

Capital Components; Stock Repurchases; Dividends

Stockholders' Equity: Stockholders’ equity was ~~$345.6~~$363.4 million at ~~September 30, 2022, a decrease~~March 31, 2023, an increase of ~~$25.6~~$9.8 million, or ~~6.9%~~2.8%, from the December 31, ~~2021~~2022 level of ~~$371.2~~$353.5 million, and ~~a decrease~~an increase of ~~$14.6~~$6.1 million, or ~~4.1%~~1.7%, from the prior-year level. The ~~decrease~~increase in stockholders' equity over the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022~~2023 principally reflected the following factors: the addition of (i) ~~$36.7~~$8.6 million of net income for the period plus (ii) other comprehensive gain of $5.7 million and (iii) issuance of ~~$2.8~~$0.9 million of common stock through employee benefit and dividend reinvestment plans reduced by (iv) ~~other comprehensive loss of $49.4 million, (v)~~ cash dividends of ~~$13.0~~$4.5 million and ~~(vi)~~(v) repurchases of common stock of ~~$2.7~~$0.8 million. The majority of other comprehensive loss, $52.8 million, relates to net unrealized losses on AFS debt securities which occurred during the first half of 2022, partially offset by a net unrealized gain on cash flow swap and amortization related to defined benefit pension items.

Trust Preferred Securities: In each of 2003 and 2004, Arrow issued $10 million of ~~TRUPs~~trust preferred securities (TRUPs) in a private placement. Under the Federal Reserve Board's regulatory capital rules then in effect, TRUPs proceeds typically qualified as Tier 1 capital for bank holding companies such as Arrow, but only in amounts up to 25% of Tier 1 capital, net of goodwill less any associated deferred tax liability. Under the ~~the~~ Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ~~(Dodd-Frank)~~("Dodd-Frank"), any trust preferred securities that Arrow might issue on or after the grandfathering date ~~of May 19, 2010~~ set forth in Dodd-Frank ~~(the Grandfathering Cutoff)~~(May 19, 2010) would not qualify as Tier 1 capital under bank regulatory capital guidelines. For Arrow, TRUPs outstanding prior to the ~~Grandfathering Cutoff~~grandfathering cutoff date set forth in Dodd-Frank (May 19, 2010) would continue to qualify as Tier 1 capital until maturity or redemption, subject to limitations. Thus, Arrow's outstanding TRUPs continue to qualify as Tier 1 regulatory capital, subject to such limitations. Arrow's recent failure to timely file this Report, and deliver such report to the trustee would represent a default under the indenture if the Trustee or the holders of at least 25% of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding securities delivered such a notice. If the trustee delivers a notice of default, Arrow will have 30 days to remedy the default or else it will constitute an event of default under the indenture. The trustee has not provided a notice as of the date hereof.

In the first quarter of 2020, Arrow entered into interest rate swap agreements to synthetically fix the variable rate interest payments associated with $20 million in outstanding subordinated trust securities. The effective fixed rate is 3.43% until maturity. These agreements are designated as cash flow hedges.

Stock Repurchase Program: In October ~~2021,~~2022, the Board of Directors approved a ~~$5 million~~new stock repurchase program ~~effective for~~authorizing the ~~period January 1, 2022 through December 31, 2022 (the 2022 Repurchase Program), under which~~repurchase, at the discretion of senior management, ~~is authorized, in its discretion, to permit Arrow to repurchase~~of up to $5 million of ~~shares of~~ Arrow's common stock over the 2023 calendar year (the 2023 Repurchase Program), in ~~the open market~~open-market or ~~in privately~~ negotiated transactions to the extent management believes Arrow's stock is reasonably priced and such repurchases appear to be an attractive use of available capital and in the best interests of shareholders. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow repurchased ~~$2.5~~$0.8 million of common stock under the ~~2022~~2023 Repurchase Program. This repurchase arrangement does not include repurchases of Arrow's common stock other than through its ~~2022~~2023 Repurchase Program, i.e., repurchases of Arrow shares on the market utilizing funds accumulated under Arrow's Dividend Reinvestment Plan and the surrender or deemed surrender of Arrow stock to ~~the Company~~Arrow in connection with

employees' stock-for-stock exercises of compensatory stock options to buy Arrow stock. The Board of Directors of Arrow recently approved a new stock repurchase program authorizing the repurchase, at the discretion of senior management, of up to $5 million of the Company’s common stock over the 2023 calendar year, in open-market or negotiated transactions.

Dividends: Arrow's common stock is traded on NasdaqGS® under the symbol AROW. The high and low stock prices for the past ~~seven~~six quarters listed below represent actual sales transactions, as reported by NASDAQ. ~~On October 26, 2022, the Board of Directors declared a 2022 fourth quarter cash dividend of $0.27 payable on December 15, 2022.~~ Per share amounts and share counts in the following tables have been restated for the September 23, 2022 3% stock dividend.


						Cash							Cash
		Market Price				Dividends			Market Price				Dividends
		Low		High		Declared			Low		High		Declared
2021
2022								2022
First Quarter	First Quarter	$	27.01	$	34.39	$	0.245	First Quarter	$	31.19	$	35.91	$	0.262
Second Quarter	Second Quarter	31.31		36.06		0.245		Second Quarter	29.61		32.79		0.262
Third Quarter	Third Quarter	31.78		35.42		0.245		Third Quarter	28.68		34.91		0.262
Fourth Quarter	Fourth Quarter	32.77		37.13		0.252		Fourth Quarter	28.50		36.51		0.270
2022
2023								2023
First Quarter	First Quarter	$	31.19	$	35.91	$	0.262	First Quarter	$	24.28	$	34.49	$	0.270
Second Quarter	Second Quarter	29.61		32.79		0.262		Second Quarter	17.63		24.92		0.270
Third Quarter		28.68		34.91		0.262
Fourth Quarter (dividend payable December 15, 2022)		TBD		TBD		0.270

Quarter Ended September 30
2022 2021
Cash Dividends Per Share $ 0.262 $ 0.245
Diluted Earnings Per Share 0.74 0.78
Dividend Payout Ratio 35.41 % 31.41 %
Total Equity (in thousands) 345,550 $ 360,171
Shares Issued and Outstanding (in thousands) 16,523 16,500
Book Value Per Share $ 20.91 $ 21.83
Intangible Assets (in thousands) 23,477 23,879
Tangible Book Value Per Share $ 19.49 $ 20.38


	Quarter Ended March 31
	2023			2022
Cash Dividends Per Share	$	0.270		$	0.262
Diluted Earnings Per Share	0.52			0.76
Dividend Payout Ratio	51.92		%	34.47		%
Total Equity (in thousands)	363,371			$	357,243
Shares Issued and Outstanding (in thousands)	16,553			16,493
Book Value Per Share	$	21.95		$	21.66
Intangible Assets (in thousands)	23,273			23,691
Tangible Book Value Per Share	$	20.55		$	20.22

LIQUIDITY

The objective of effective liquidity management is to ensure that Arrow has the ability to raise cash when needed at a reasonable cost. This includes the capability of meeting expected and unexpected obligations to Arrow's customers at any time. Given the uncertain nature of customer demands and the need to maximize earnings, Arrow must have available reasonably priced sources of funds, both on- and off-balance sheet, that can be accessed quickly in times of need. Arrow’s liquidity position ~~provides~~should provide the Company with the necessary flexibility to address any unexpected near-term disruptions such as reduced cash flows from the investment and loan portfolio, unexpected deposit runoff, or increased loan originations.

Arrow's primary sources of available liquidity are overnight investments in federal funds sold, interest bearing bank balances at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, and cash flow from investment securities and loans. Certain investment securities are categorized as available-for-sale at time of purchase based on their marketability and collateral value, as well as their yield and maturity. The securities available-for-sale portfolio was ~~$575.1~~$565.7 million at ~~September 30, 2022, an increase~~March 31, 2023, a decrease of ~~$15.7~~$7.8 million, from the year-end ~~2021~~2022 level. Due to the potential for volatility in market values, Arrow may not always be able to sell securities on short notice at their carrying value, even to provide needed liquidity. Arrow also held ~~interest-bearing~~interest bearing cash balances at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 of ~~$328.6~~$178.4 million compared to ~~$430.7~~$32.8 million at December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

In addition to liquidity from cash, short-term investments, investment securities and loans, Arrow has supplemented available operating liquidity with additional off-balance sheet sources such as a federal funds lines of credit with correspondent banks and credit lines with the FHLBNY. The federal funds lines of credit are with two correspondent banks totaling $52 million which were not drawn on during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

To support the borrowing relationship with the FHLBNY, Arrow has pledged collateral, including residential mortgage, home equity and commercial real estate loans. At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow had outstanding collateralized obligations with the FHLBNY of ~~$25~~$142.8 million; as of that date, the unused borrowing capacity at the FHLBNY was approximately ~~$775~~$536 million. Brokered deposits have also been identified as an available source of funding accessible in a relatively short time period. At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, there were no outstanding brokered deposits. Also, Arrow's two bank subsidiaries have each established a borrowing facility with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, pledging certain consumer loans as collateral for potential "discount window" advances, which are maintained for contingency liquidity purposes. At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, the amount available under this facility was approximately ~~$651~~$690 million in the aggregate, and there were no advances then outstanding.

Arrow performs regular liquidity stress tests and maintains a contingent liquidity plan to ensure that an adequate amount of available funds can be generated to meet a wide variety of potential liquidity events.

Arrow measures and monitors basic liquidity as a ratio of liquid assets to total short-term liabilities, both with and without the availability of borrowing arrangements. Based on the level of overnight funds investments, available liquidity from the investment securities portfolio, cash flows from the loan portfolio, the stable core deposit base and the significant borrowing capacity, Arrow believes that the available liquidity is sufficient to meet all reasonably likely events or occurrences. At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Arrow's basic liquidity ratio, including FHLBNY collateralized borrowing capacity, was ~~26.5%~~19.4% of total assets, or ~~$952~~$634 million in excess of Arrow's internally-set minimum target ratio of 4%.

Arrow did not experience any significant liquidity constraints in the three month period ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and did not experience any such constraints in recent prior years. Arrow has not at any time during such period been forced to pay above-market rates to obtain retail deposits or other funds from any source.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

The following accounting standards have been issued and become effective for ~~the Company~~Arrow at a future date:

In March 2020, the ~~FASB~~Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ~~ASU~~Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. On January 7, 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-01, which refines the scope of ASC 848 and clarifies some of its guidance. The ASU and related amendments provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the existing guidance for applying GAAP to affected contract modifications and hedge accounting relationships in the transition away from the LIBOR or other interbank offered rate on financial reporting. The guidance also allows a one-time election to sell and/or reclassify to AFS or trading HTM debt securities that reference an interest rate affected by reference rate reform. The amendments in this ASU are effective March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022 and permit relief solely for reference rate reform actions and different elections over the effective date for legacy and new activity. ~~Arrow is evaluating the impact of adopting the new guidance on the consolidated financial statements and does not expect it will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.~~

In ~~March~~December 2022, ~~the~~ FASB issued ASU ~~2022-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses~~2022-06, "Reference Rate Reform (Topic ~~326), Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures. ASU 2022-02 addresses areas identified by~~848)" which deferred the ~~FASB as part~~sunset date of ~~its post-implementation review~~Topic 848 to December 31, 2024, to allow for a transition period after the sunset of the credit losses standard (ASU 2016-13) that introduced the CECL model. The amendments eliminate the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings by creditors that have adopted the CECL model and enhance the disclosure requirements for loan refinancings and restructurings made with borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For Arrow, ASU 2022-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022.LIBOR. Arrow does not expect it will have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.

6762

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three Months Ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 Compared With

Three Months Ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022

Summary of Earnings Performance

(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)


		Three Months Ended												Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2022			September 30, 2021			Change			% Change			March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022			Change			% Change
Net Income	Net Income	$	12,163		$	12,989		$	(826)		(6.4)	%	Net Income	$	8,562		$	12,575		$	(4,013)		(31.9)	%
Diluted Earnings Per Share	Diluted Earnings Per Share	0.74			0.78			(0.04)			(5.1)	%	Diluted Earnings Per Share	0.52			0.76			(0.24)			(31.6)	%
Return on Average Assets	Return on Average Assets	1.19		%	1.32		%	(0.13)		%	(9.8)	%	Return on Average Assets	0.87		%	1.26		%	(0.39)		%	(31.0)	%
Return on Average Equity	Return on Average Equity	13.34		%	14.34		%	(1.00)		%	(7.0)	%	Return on Average Equity	9.66		%	13.77		%	(4.11)		%	(29.8)	%

Net income was ~~$12.2~~$8.6 million and diluted earnings per share (EPS) of ~~$0.74~~$0.52 for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, compared to net income of ~~$13.0~~$12.6 million and diluted EPS of ~~$0.78~~$0.76 for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. Return on average assets for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~1.19%~~0.87%, a decrease from ~~1.32%~~1.26% in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. In addition, return on average equity decreased to ~~13.34%~~9.66% for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, from ~~14.34%~~13.77% in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022.

The following narrative discusses the quarter-to-quarter changes in net interest income, ~~noninterest~~non-interest income, ~~noninterest~~non-interest expense and income taxes:

~~Net Interest Income~~

~~Summary of Net Interest Income~~

~~(Dollars in Thousands)~~

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Change % Change
Interest and Dividend Income $ 34,207 $ 29,807 $ 4,400 14.8 %
Interest Expense 3,306 1,169 2,137 182.8 %
Net Interest Income 30,901 28,638 2,263 7.9 %
Average Earning Assets(1)
3,902,119 3,734,206 167,913 4.5 %
Average Interest-Bearing Liabilities 2,781,985 2,705,283 76,702 2.8 %
Yield on Earning Assets(1)
3.48 % 3.17 % 0.31 % 9.8 %
Cost of Interest-Bearing Liabilities 0.47 0.17 0.30 176.5 %
Net Interest Spread 3.01 3.00 0.01 0.3 %
Net Interest Margin 3.14 3.04 0.10 3.3 %
Income Earned on PPP Loans included Net Interest Income $ 70 $ 2,530 $ (2,460) (97.2) %
Net Interest Income excluding PPP loans 30,831 26,108 4,723 18.1 %
Net Interest Margin excluding PPP loans 3.14 % 2.84 % 0.30 % 10.6 %
(1) Includes Nonaccrual Loans.

Net interest income for the recently completed quarter increased by $2.3 million, or 7.9%, from the third quarter of 2021, due to a variety of factors including loan growth offset by the forgiveness of PPP loans and an increase in interest expense. Income earned on PPP loans decreased $2.5 million, or 97.2%, from the quarter ending September 30, 2021. Cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased as the result of the raising rate environment and repricing of municipal deposits. Interest and fees on loans generated $29.6 million in income for the third quarter of 2022 as compared to $27.2 million from the quarter ending September 30, 2021. In the third quarter of 2022, a $536 thousand amortization adjustment of indirect loan fees was recognized as part of loan income. Interest expense for the third quarter of 2022 was $3.3 million, an increase of $2.1 million, or 182.8% from the $1.2 million in expense for the comparable quarter ending September 30, 2021. Net interest margin increased 10 basis points in the third quarter of 2022 to 3.14%, from 3.04% during the third quarter of 2021. Excluding PPP loans, net interest margin increased 30 basis points in the third quarter of 2022 to 3.14%, from 2.84% during the third quarter of 2021. Average earning asset yields were 31 basis points higher as compared to the third quarter of 2021. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 30 basis points from the quarter ended September 30, 2021. Arrow defines net interest margin as net interest income divided by average earning assets, annualized. Further detailed information is presented above under the section entitled "Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analysis" on page 51 The impact of recent interest rate changes on Arrow's deposit and loan portfolios are discussed above in this Report under the sections entitled "Deposit Trends" on page 60 and "Loan Trends" on page 62.

As discussed previously under the heading "Asset Quality" beginning on page 62, the provision for loan losses for the third quarter of 2022 was $1.7 million, compared to a provision of $99 thousand for the third quarter of 2021.

~~Noninterest Income~~

~~Summary of Noninterest Income~~

~~(Dollars in Thousands)~~

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Change % Change
Income From Fiduciary Activities $ 2,341 $ 2,571 $ (230) (8.9) %
Fees for Other Services to Customers 3,071 2,966 105 3.5 %
Insurance Commissions 1,650 1,576 74 4.7 %
Net Gain (Loss) on Securities 95 (106) 201 189.6 %
Net Gain on the Sale of Loans 18 211 (193) (91.5) %
Other Operating Income 652 476 176 37.0 %
Total Noninterest Income $ 7,827 $ 7,694 $ 133 1.7 %

Total noninterest income in the current quarter was $7.8 million, a decrease of $133 thousand from the comparable quarter of 2021. Income from fiduciary activities for the third quarter of 2022 decreased by 8.9% from the third quarter of 2021, primarily driven by market conditions. Assets under trust administration and investment management at September 30, 2022 were $1.52 billion.

~~Fees for other services to customers were $3.1 million for the third quarter of 2022, an increase of $105 thousand or 3.5% from the third quarter of 2021.~~

~~Insurance commissions were $1.7 million for the third quarter of 2022, an increase of $74 thousand from the third quarter of 2021.~~

Net gain on securities of $95 thousand for the third quarter of 2022 was the result of an increase in the fair value of equity securities from June 30, 2022. Net gain on the sale of loans in the third quarter of 2022 decreased by $193 thousand from the third quarter of 2021 on fewer loan sales. See page 54 for the discussion of loan sales.

~~Other operating income increased $176 thousand from the comparable quarter in 2021, primarily related to bank-owned life insurance proceeds.~~

~~Noninterest Expense~~

~~Summary of Noninterest Expense~~

~~(Dollars in Thousands)~~

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Change % Change
Salaries and Employee Benefits $ 12,427 $ 11,377 $ 1,050 9.2 %
Occupancy Expense of Premises, Net 1,521 1,403 118 8.4 %
Technology and Equipment Expense 4,049 3,833 216 5.6 %
FDIC and FICO Assessments 295 249 46 18.5 %
Amortization 48 52 (4) (7.7) %
Other Operating Expense 3,108 2,509 599 23.9 %
Total Noninterest Expense $ 21,448 $ 19,423 $ 2,025 10.4 %
Efficiency Ratio 55.01 % 52.74 % 2.3 % 4.4 %

Noninterest expense for the third quarter of 2022 was $21.4 million, an increase of $2.0 million, or 10.4%, from the third quarter of 2021. Salaries and benefit expenses increased $1.1 million, or 9.2%, from the comparable quarter in 2021. In the third quarter of 2022, additional actuarial pension expense of $550 thousand was recognized within salaries and employee benefits as a result of exceeding the threshold amount of lump sum distributions during the year. Arrow awarded a special bonus in the third quarter of 2022, similar to special pandemic bonuses awarded in 2021 and 2020. Technology expenses in the third quarter of increased $216 thousand, or 5.6%, from the third quarter of 2021. Other operating expense includes an expense for estimated credit losses on off-balance sheet exposures of $30 thousand in the second quarter of 2022 .

~~Income Taxes~~

~~Summary of Income Taxes~~

~~(Dollars in Thousands)~~

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Change % Change
Provision for Income Taxes $ 3,402 $ 3,821 $ (419) (11.0) %
Effective Tax Rate 21.9 % 22.7 % (0.8) % (3.5) %

~~RESULTS OF OPERATIONS~~

~~Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 Compared With~~

~~Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021~~

~~Summary of Earnings Performance~~

~~(Dollars in Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts)~~

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Change % Change
Net Income $ 36,712 $ 39,548 $ (2,836) (7.2) %
Diluted Earnings Per Share 2.22 2.39 (0.17) (7.1)
Return on Average Assets 1.22 % 1.38 % (0.16) % (11.6)
Return on Average Equity 13.52 % 15.10 % (1.58) % (10.5)

Net income was $36.7 million and diluted earnings per share (EPS) of $2.22 for the first nine months of 2022, compared to net income of $39.5 million and diluted EPS of $2.39 for the first nine months of 2021. Return on average assets for the first nine months of 2022 was 1.22%, a decrease from 1.38% for the first nine months of 2021. In addition, return on average equity decreased to 13.52% for the first nine months of 2022 from 15.10% for the first nine months of 2021.

~~The following narrative discusses the period-to-period changes in net interest income, noninterest income, noninterest expense and income taxes:~~

Net Interest Income

Summary of Net Interest Income

(Dollars in Thousands)


		Nine Months Ended												Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2022			September 30, 2021			Change			% Change			March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022			Change			% Change
Interest and Dividend Income	Interest and Dividend Income	$	93,747		$	87,196		$	6,551		7.5	%	Interest and Dividend Income	$	36,110		$	28,947		$	7,163		24.7	%

Interest Expense	Interest Expense	5,983			4,043			1,940			48.0	%	Interest Expense	8,016			1,122			6,894			614.4	%
Net Interest Income	Net Interest Income	87,764			83,153			4,611			5.5	%	Net Interest Income	28,094			27,825			269			1.0	%

Average Earning Assets (1)	Average Earning Assets (1)	3,888,992			3,657,060			231,932			6.3	%	Average Earning Assets(1)	3,845,825			3,886,787			(40,962)			(1.1)	%
Average Interest-Bearing Liabilities		2,815,115			2,689,070			126,045			4.7	%
Average Interest Bearing Liabilities													Average Interest Bearing Liabilities	2,782,299			2,855,884			(73,585)			(2.6)	%

Yield on Earning Assets (1)	Yield on Earning Assets (1)	3.22		%	3.19		%	0.03		%	0.9	%	Yield on Earning Assets(1)	3.81		%	3.02		%	0.79		%	26.2	%

Cost of Interest-Bearing Liabilities		0.28			0.20			0.08			40.0	%
Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities													Cost of Interest Bearing Liabilities	1.17			0.16			1.01			631.3	%

Net Interest Spread	Net Interest Spread	2.94			2.99			(0.05)			(1.7)	%	Net Interest Spread	2.64			2.86			(0.22)			(7.7)	%

Net Interest Margin	Net Interest Margin	3.02			3.04			(0.02)			(0.7)	%	Net Interest Margin	2.96			2.90			0.06			2.1	%

Income Earned on PPP Loans included Net Interest Income	Income Earned on PPP Loans included Net Interest Income	$	1,574		$	6,957		$	(5,383)		(77.4)	%	Income Earned on PPP Loans included Net Interest Income	$	—		$	1,066		$	(1,066)		(100.0)	%
Net Interest Income excluding PPP loans	Net Interest Income excluding PPP loans	86,190			76,196			9,994			13.1	%	Net Interest Income excluding PPP loans	28,094			26,759			1,335			5.0	%
Net Interest Margin excluding PPP loans	Net Interest Margin excluding PPP loans	2.97		%	2.88		%	0.09		%	3.1	%	Net Interest Margin excluding PPP loans	2.96		%	2.81		%	0.15		%	5.3	%

(1) Includes Nonaccrual Loans.	(1) Includes Nonaccrual Loans.												(1) Includes Nonaccrual Loans.

Net interest income for the ~~first nine months of 2022~~recently completed quarter increased ~~$4.6~~by $0.3 million, or ~~5.5%~~1.0%, from the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2021.~~2022, due to a variety of factors including loan growth in 2022 offset by $1.1 million of income related to PPP loans in 2022. The PPP program ended in 2022. Cost of interest bearing liabilities increased primarily as the result of a rising rate environment and repricing of municipal deposits to meet increasing competitive pricing pressure. Interest and fees on loans generated $31.9 million in income for the first quarter of 2023 as compared to $25.7 million from the quarter ending March 31, 2022. Interest expense for the first quarter of 2023 was $8.0 million, an increase of $6.9 million, or 614.4% from the $1.1 million in expense for the comparable quarter ending March 31, 2022. Net interest margin increased six basis points in the first quarter of 2023 to 2.96%, from 2.90% during the first quarter of 2022. Excluding PPP loans, net interest ~~income for~~margin increased 15 basis points in the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2022 increased $10.0 million, or 13.1%~~2023 to 2.96%, from 2.81% during the first ~~nine months~~quarter of 2021. Net interest margin, excluding PPP loans was 2.97% for the first nine months of 2022, an increase of 9 basis points over the prior year. Total loans at September 30, 2022 increased $270.0 million from September 30, 2021. Investments increased $72.2 million from September 30, 2021. At September 30, 2022, deposit balances reached $3.8 billion. Deposit growth from September 30, 2021 to September 30, 2022 was $189.5 million, or 5.3%. Net interest margin for the first nine months of 2022 decreased 2 basis points to 3.02%, from 3.04% for the first nine months of 2021.2022. Average earning asset yields were 379 basis points higher as compared to the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2021 due to changes in balance sheet mix, as cash was deployed into loans, combined with higher market rates, offset by the timing of PPP loan forgiveness.~~2022. The cost of ~~interest-bearing~~interest bearing liabilities increased 8101 basis points from the ~~first nine months of 2021.~~quarter ended March 31, 2022. Arrow defines net interest margin as net interest income divided by average earning assets, annualized. Further detailed information is presented above under the section entitled "Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income ~~Analysis."~~Analysis" on page 48 The impact of recent interest rate changes on Arrow's deposit and loan portfolios are discussed above in this Report under the sections entitled "Deposit Trends" on page 6056 and "Loan Trends" on page ~~62.~~55.

As discussed previously under the heading "Asset Quality" beginning on page ~~62,~~58, the provision for loan losses for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$3.4~~$1.6 million, compared to a provision of ~~$(286)~~$769 thousand for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2021.~~2022.

7063

~~Noninterest~~Non-Interest Income

Summary of ~~Noninterest~~Non-Interest Income

(Dollars in Thousands)


		Nine Months Ended									Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021		Change		% Change			March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022		Change		% Change
Income From Fiduciary Activities	Income From Fiduciary Activities	7,454		7,538		$	(84)	(1.1)	%	Income From Fiduciary Activities	$	2,275	$	2,596	$	(321)	(12.4)	%
Fees for Other Services to Customers	Fees for Other Services to Customers	8,916		8,494		422		5.0		Fees for Other Services to Customers	2,595		2,795		(200)		(7.2)	%
Insurance Commissions	Insurance Commissions	4,783		4,842		(59)		(1.2)		Insurance Commissions	1,520		1,511		9		0.6	%

Net Gain on Securities		379		250		129		51.6
Net (Loss) Gain on Securities										Net (Loss) Gain on Securities	(104)		130		(234)		(180.0)	%
Net Gain on the Sale of Loans	Net Gain on the Sale of Loans	80		2,251		(2,171)		(96.4)		Net Gain on the Sale of Loans	4		52		(48)		(92.3)	%
Other Operating Income	Other Operating Income	2,121		1,405		716		51.0		Other Operating Income	387		1,078		(691)		(64.1)	%
Total Noninterest Income		$	23,733	$	24,780	$	(1,047)	(4.2)	%
Total Non-Interest Income										Total Non-Interest Income	$	6,677	$	8,162	$	(1,485)	(18.2)	%

Total ~~noninterest~~non-interest income ~~for~~in the ~~first nine months of 2022~~current quarter was ~~$23.7~~$6.7 million, a decrease of ~~$1.0~~$1.5 million from the ~~first nine months~~comparable quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. Income from fiduciary activities for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2022~~2023 decreased by ~~1.1%~~12.4% from the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2021,~~2022, primarily ~~due to~~driven by market ~~performance. Arrow has been able to maintain a stable customer base.~~conditions. Assets under trust administration and investment management at March 31, 2023 were $1.67 billion.

Fees for other services to customers were ~~$8.9~~$2.6 million for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2022 representing an increase~~2023, a decrease of ~~$0.4 million,~~$200 thousand or ~~5.0%,~~7.2% from the ~~prior year comparative period.~~first quarter of 2022.

Insurance commissions were ~~$4.8~~$1.5 million for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2022, which was relatively unchanged from~~2023, essentially flat as compared to the ~~prior year comparable period.~~first quarter of 2022.

Net ~~gain~~loss on ~~security transactions~~securities of ~~$379~~$104 thousand for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was primarily the result of ~~the increase~~a decrease in the fair value of equity ~~securities.~~

securities from December 31, 2022. Net gain on the sale of loans ~~for~~in the first ~~nine months~~quarter of 2023 decreased by $48 thousand from the first quarter of 2022 ~~decreased $2.2 million from the comparable period in 2021 as a result of the decision to grow the residential~~on fewer loan ~~portfolio.~~sales. See page 5456 for the discussion of loan sales.

Other operating income ~~increased $716~~decreased $691 thousand from the comparable ~~period~~quarter in ~~2021, due~~2022, primarily related to a decline in the gain on other assets of $463 thousand and a decrease in income earned on bank-owned life insurance ~~proceeds and gains on other assets.~~of $181 thousand.

~~Noninterest~~Non-Interest Expense

Summary of ~~Noninterest~~Non-Interest Expense

(Dollars in Thousands)


		Nine Months Ended												Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2022			September 30, 2021			Change			% Change			March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022			Change			% Change
Salaries and Employee Benefits	Salaries and Employee Benefits	$	35,400		$	33,360		$	2,040		6.1	%	Salaries and Employee Benefits	$	11,947		$	11,286		$	661		5.9	%
Occupancy Expense of Premises, Net	Occupancy Expense of Premises, Net	4,721			4,480			241			5.4		Occupancy Expense of Premises, Net	1,628			1,598			30			1.9	%
Technology and Equipment Expense	Technology and Equipment Expense	11,802			11,002			800			7.3		Technology and Equipment Expense	4,417			3,779			638			16.9	%
FDIC and FICO Assessments	FDIC and FICO Assessments	893			764			129			16.9		FDIC and FICO Assessments	479			307			172			56.0	%
Amortization	Amortization	309			158			151			95.6		Amortization	45			49			(4)			(8.2)	%
Other Operating Expense	Other Operating Expense	7,613			7,424			189			2.5		Other Operating Expense	3,780			1,926			1,854			96.3	%
Total Noninterest Expense		$	60,738		$	57,188		$	3,550		6.2
Total Non-Interest Expense													Total Non-Interest Expense	$	22,296		$	18,945		$	3,351		17.7	%
Efficiency Ratio	Efficiency Ratio	54.14		%	52.56		%	1.58		%	3.0	%	Efficiency Ratio	63.43		%	52.30		%	11.1		%	21.2	%

~~Noninterest~~Non-interest expense for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$60.7~~$22.3 million, an increase ~~of $3.6~~from $18.9 million ~~or 6.2%, from~~for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2021. Salaries and benefit expenses increased $2.0 million, or 6.1%, from the comparable period in 2021.~~2022. The increase was ~~partially~~primarily due to $1.0 million of additional legal and professional fees associated with the ~~result~~delay in the filing of the ~~inclusion of $550 thousand relating to additional actuarial pension expense. Technology~~2022 Form 10-K. In addition, other operating expenses increased $800 thousand, or 7.3%, from the first nine months of 2021. Other non-interest expense increased $189 thousand for the first nine months of 2022, as compared to the first nine months of 2021. Other non-interest expense includesincluded a credit for estimated credit losses on off-balance sheet ~~credit~~ exposures of ~~$235~~$68 thousand for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of 2023 versus a larger credit of $316 thousand recognized in the first quarter of 2022. Technology and equipment spending increased $638 thousand in the first quarter 2023 as compared to the first quarter of 2022, driven primarily by management's commitment to invest in new technology to enhance the customer experience and optimize operations. Salaries and benefits have increased compared to the first quarter of 2022 as a result of pension and other benefit expenses.

Income Taxes

Summary of Income Taxes

(Dollars in Thousands)

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022 September 30, 2021 Change % Change
Provision for Income Taxes $ 10,658 $ 11,483 $ (825) (7.2) %
Effective Tax Rate 22.5 % 22.5 % — % — %


	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022			Change			% Change
Provision for Income Taxes	$	2,359		$	3,698		$	(1,339)		(36.2)	%
Effective Tax Rate	21.6		%	22.7		%	(1.1)		%	(4.8)	%

7164

Item 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

In addition to credit risk in the loan portfolio and liquidity risk, discussed earlier, Arrow's business activities also generate market risk. Market risk is the possibility that changes in future market rates (interest rates) or prices (market value of financial instruments) will make Arrow's position (i.e., assets and operations) less valuable. Arrow's primary market risk is interest rate volatility. The ongoing monitoring and management of interest rate risk is an important component of the asset/liability management process, which is governed by policies that are reviewed and approved annually by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors delegates responsibility for carrying out asset/liability oversight and control to management's Asset/Liability Committee (ALCO). In this capacity ALCO develops guidelines and strategies impacting the asset/liability profile based upon estimated market risk sensitivity, policy limits and overall market interest rate levels and trends.

Changes in market interest rates, whether increases or decreases, can trigger repricing and changes in the pace of payments for both assets and liabilities (prepayment risk). This may individually or in combination affect net interest income, net interest margin, and ultimately net income, either positively or negatively. ALCO utilizes the results of a detailed and dynamic simulation model to quantify this interest rate risk by projecting net interest income in various interest rate scenarios.

Arrow's standard simulation model applies a parallel shift in interest rates, ramped over a 12-month period, to capture the impact of changing interest rates on net interest income. The results are compared to ALCO policy limits which specify a maximum tolerance level for net interest income exposure over a one-year horizon, assuming no balance sheet growth and a 200 basis point upward and a 100 basis point downward shift in interest rates. Additional tools to monitor potential longer-term interest rate risk, including periodic stress testing involving hypothetical sudden and significant interest rate spikes, are also evaluated.

The following table summarizes the percentage change in net interest income as compared to the base scenario, which assumes no change in market interest rates as generated from the standard simulation model. The results are presented for each of the first two years of the simulation period for the 200 basis point increase in interest rate scenario and the 100 basis point decrease in interest rate scenario. These results are well within the ALCO policy limits as shown:

As of ~~September 30, 2022:~~March 31, 2023:


		Change in Interest Rate			Change in Interest Rate
		+ 200 basis points	- 100 basis points		+ 200 basis points	- 100 basis points
Calculated change in Net Interest Income - Year 1	Calculated change in Net Interest Income - Year 1	(1.50)%	(0.59)%	Calculated change in Net Interest Income - Year 1	(2.96)%	0.84%
Calculated change in Net Interest Income - Year 2	Calculated change in Net Interest Income - Year 2	11.91%	5.45%	Calculated change in Net Interest Income - Year 2	13.09%	8.23%

~~Historically, there has existed~~The balance sheet shows an inverse relationship between changes in prevailing rates and the Company's net interest income in the near term, suggesting that liabilities and sources of funds generally reprice more quickly than earning assets. ~~In recent months, higher cash balances and core deposits have contributed to a shift toward asset sensitivity. When~~However, when net interest income is simulated over a longer time frame, the balance sheet shows a relatively neutral profile with a long-term ~~bias toward~~ asset sensitivity, as asset yields continue to reprice while the cost of funding reaches assumed ceilings or floors.

The hypothetical estimates underlying the sensitivity analysis are based upon numerous assumptions, including: the nature and timing of changes in interest rates including yield curve shape, prepayments on loans and securities, deposit decay rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits, reinvestment/replacement of asset and liability cash flows, and others. While assumptions are developed based upon current economic and local market conditions, Arrow cannot make any assurance as to the predictive nature of these assumptions including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change.

Also, as market conditions vary from those assumed in the sensitivity analysis, actual results will differ due to: prepayment/refinancing levels likely deviating from those assumed, the varying impact of interest rate changes on caps or floors on adjustable rate assets, the potential effect of changing debt service levels on customers with adjustable rate loans, depositor early withdrawals and product preference changes, unanticipated shifts in the yield curve and other internal/external variables. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis does not reflect actions that ALCO might take in responding to or anticipating changes in interest rates.

Item 4.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

~~Senior management, including~~Management, under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") (who is our principal executive officer) and ~~Interim~~ Chief Financial Officer ~~has~~("CFO") (who is our principal financial officer), evaluated the effectiveness of ~~the design and operation of Arrow's~~our disclosure controls and procedures, ~~(as~~as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) ~~under~~and 15d15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as ~~amended)~~amended (the "Exchange Act"), as of ~~September 30, 2022. Based upon~~March 31, 2023. The term "disclosure controls and procedures" means controls and other procedures of a company that ~~evaluation, senior~~are designed to ensure that:

•information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and

•information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the ~~Chief Executive Officer~~principal executive and ~~Interim Chief Financial Officer,~~principal financial officers, or persons and committees performing similar functions, such as the Audit Committee, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based on this evaluation, management concluded that ~~disclosure~~our internal control over financial reporting was not effective due to the following unremediated material weaknesses identified in our internal control over financial reporting, previously disclosed on the 2022 Form 10-K:

•We did not maintain effective monitoring controls related to 1) Internal Audit’s testing of management’s internal control over financial reporting, 2) the completeness and accuracy of information presented to the Audit Committee by Internal Audit, and 3) the related Audit Committee oversight over Internal Audit’s testing of management’s internal control over financial reporting.

•With regard to the conversion of our core banking information technology system, we did not effectively perform risk assessment procedures ~~were effective.~~ to identify the impact of the conversion on our internal control over financial reporting.

The material weaknesses did not result in a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements or previously released financial results.For additional information please refer to Part II - Item 9A. of the 2022 Form 10-K.

Prior to filing this Report, we performed relevant and responsive substantive procedures as of March 31, 2023, in order to complete our financial statements and related disclosures. Based on these procedures, management believes that our consolidated financial statements included in this Report have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our CEO and CFO have certified that, based on their knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Form 10-Q, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows of the Company as of the dates, and for the periods presented in this Report.

During the first quarter ~~ended September 30, 2022, Arrow implemented~~of 2023 we initiated, and will continue to implement, measures designed to improve our internal control over financial reporting to remediate the deficiencies that comprised the material weaknesses, including engaging a ~~new core banking system~~professional services firm to review the Company’s control program required by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and assist Management with its overall Company-wide processes and with selecting and developing control activities designed to mitigate risks and support achievement of control objectives. In addition, the Company is in the process of evaluating the assignment of responsibilities of internal and external resources associated with the performance of internal controls over financial reporting ~~were revised in connection with this change. Arrow's pre-~~ and ~~post-implementation~~will consider hiring additional resources, contracting external resources, and/or providing additional training to existing resources as appropriate. In addition, we have initiated a process to identify and maintain the information required to support the functioning of internal controls over financial reporting ~~were both evaluated by management~~ and ~~deemed~~ to establish and reinforce communication protocols, including required information and expectations to enable personnel to perform internal control responsibilities (e.g., formal training programs and corporate communications).

The material weaknesses set forth above will not be considered remediated until the applicable remedial controls operate for a sufficient period of time and Management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. We may also conclude that additional measures may be required to remediate the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting.

Even once remediated, our internal controls over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements because of their inherent limitations. Further, no internal control over financial reporting framework can provide absolute assurance that all instances of fraud will be detected and prevented. Additionally, any projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Other than the ongoing remediation efforts described above, there were no other changes in Arrow's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Arrow's internal control over financial reporting.

7266

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

Except as noted below, Arrow, including its subsidiary banks, is not currently the subject of any material pending legal proceedings, other than ordinary routine litigation occurring in the normal course of their business. On an ongoing basis, Arrow is often the subject of, or a party to, various legal claims by other parties against Arrow, by Arrow against other parties, or involving Arrow, which arise in the normal course of business. Except as noted below, the various pending legal claims against Arrow will not, in the opinion of management based upon consultation with counsel, result in any material liability.

On July 1, 2020, Daphne Richard, a customer of ~~GFNB~~Glens Falls National Bank and Trust Company (“GFNB”), filed a putative class action complaint against ~~GFNB in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York.~~GFNB. The complaint ~~alleges~~alleged that GFNB assessed overdraft fees on certain transactions drawn on ~~her~~Ms. Richard’s checking account without having sufficiently disclosed its overdraft-fee practices in its account agreement. Ms. Richard, on behalf of two purported classes, ~~seeks~~sought compensatory damages, disgorgement of profits, statutory damages, treble damages, enjoinment of the conduct complained of, and costs and fees. OnThe complaint was similar to complaints filed against other financial institutions pertaining to overdraft fees. The Court granted final approval of a settlement on July 22, ~~2022, the court approved a~~2022. The settlement, ~~agreement among~~which includes and releases Arrow, GFNB, and SNB (collectively, “Defendants”), required the Defendants to establish a $1.475 million settlement fund, among other terms. The case has been closed, and the ~~plaintiffs, pursuant~~settlement funds have been substantially distributed to ~~which, among other things, during~~ the ~~quarter ended~~class.

The Company became aware that on June 23, 2023, Robert C. Ashe filed a putative class action complaint against the Company in the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York. In addition to the Company, the complaint names as defendants Thomas J. Murphy, the Company’s former CEO and from September 30, 2022 ~~Arrow established~~to February 20, 2023, its interim CFO, Edward J. Campanella, the Company’s former CFO, and Penko Ivanov, the Company’s current CFO (“Individual Defendants” and, together with the Company, the "Defendants"). The complaint alleges that the Defendants made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Company’s business, operations and compliance policies in the Company’s public filings between March 12, 2022 and May 12, 2023. The complaint further alleges that the Individual Defendants are liable for these materially false and misleading statements as "controlling persons" of the Company. Based on these allegations, the complaint brings two claims for violations of Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder and of Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act. Mr. Ashe, on behalf of a ~~settlement fund~~purported class of ~~approximately $1.5 million, which had been accrued for in 2021. Arrow expects~~shareholders, seeks compensatory damages as well as recovery of the ~~fund~~costs and fees associated with the litigation. The Company believes the lawsuit to be ~~fully disbursed by April 2023, after which the case will be closed. Arrow~~without merit and expressly denies any wrongdoing in connection with the matters claimed in the complaint and intends to vigorously defend the lawsuit. As of the date of filing of this Form 10-Q, the Company has not been served with the complaint.

Item 1.A.

Risk Factors

~~Except as set forth below, the~~The Risk Factors identified in ~~Arrow's Annual Report on~~the 2022 Form 10-K ~~for the year ended December 31, 2021~~ continue to represent the most significant risks to Arrow's future results of operations and financial ~~conditions.~~

~~Potential Complications with the implementation of our new core banking system could adversely impact our business and operations.~~

Arrow relies extensively on information systems and technology to manage the company's business and summarize operating results. During September 2022, Arrow completed the implementation of a new core banking system which replaced the prior system. The new core system will enable future enhancements to our digital experience, improve efficiency for our teams and customers, and empower data-driven decisions. This upgrade constitutes a major investment in Arrow’s technology needs and is a key initiative within its strategic plan. The new core system implementation process has required, and will continue to require, the investment of significant personnel and financial resources. We are now using the new core system. We encountered some limited issues and worked to minimize any inconvenience to customers, but there can be no assurance that such issues will not arise in the future.conditions, without further modification or amendment.

Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table presents information about purchases by Arrow during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 of common stock (our only class of equity securities registered pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934):

Third Quarter
2022
Calendar Month
(A)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased 1
(B)
Average Price
Paid Per Share 1
(C)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or Programs 2
(D)
Maximum
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs 2
July 3,653 $ 32.22 — $ 2,614,973
August 1,435 34.67 — 2,614,973
September 19,187 32.26 2,508 2,535,669
Total 24,275 32.40 2,508


First Quarter 2023 Calendar Month	(A) Total Number of Shares Purchased 1	(B) Average Price Paid Per Share 1		(C) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs 2	(D) Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs 2
January	506	$	33.79	—	$	5,000,000
February	28,872	30.96		27,395	4,152,132
March	19,892	26.58		—	4,152,132
Total	49,270	29.22		27,395

1 The total number of shares purchased by Arrow and the average price paid per share listed in columns (A) and (B) consist of (i) any shares purchased in such periods in open market or private transactions under the Arrow Financial Corporation Automatic Dividend Reinvestment Plan (the "DRIP") by the administrator of the DRIP, (ii) shares surrendered or deemed surrendered to Arrow in such periods by holders of options to acquire Arrow common stock received by them under Arrow's long-term incentive plans in connection with their stock-for-stock exercise of such options and (iii) shares purchased under the publicly-announced ~~2022~~2023 Repurchase Program.

In the months indicated, the listed number of shares purchased included the following number of shares purchased by Arrow through

such methods: ~~July~~January - DRIP purchases ~~(3,653~~(506 shares); ~~August~~February - DRIP purchases ~~(589 shares) and stock-for-stock option exercises (846 shares).; and September - DRIP purchases (16,679~~(1,477 shares) and repurchased under the ~~2022~~2023 Repurchase Program ~~(2,508~~(27,395 shares); and March - DRIP purchases (19,892 shares). We have suspended the operation of the DRIP as a result of the delayed filing of the 2022 Form 10-K and this Report and the related effects under applicable securities laws. Currently, we do not expect to resume operation of the DRIP for at least 12 months from the date we have filed the outstanding reports, but we cannot provide any assurance on when or if we will resume operation of the DRIP, although we expect this suspension is temporary.

2 Includes only those shares acquired by Arrow pursuant to its publicly-announced stock repurchase programs. Arrow's only publicly-announced stock repurchase program in effect for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was the ~~2022~~2023 Repurchase Program approved by the Board of Directors and announced in October ~~2021,~~2022, under which the Board authorized management, in its discretion, to repurchase from time to time over calendar year ~~2022,~~2023, in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, up to $5 million of Arrow common stock subject to certain exceptions. The Board of Directors of Arrow recently approved a new stock repurchase program authorizing the repurchase, at the discretion of senior management, of up to $5 million of the Company’s common stock over the 2023 calendar year, in open-market or negotiated transactions. This new repurchase program will replace the prior $5 million repurchase program authorized on October 27, 2021, which expires December 31, 2022.

Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities - None

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures - None

Item 5.

Other Information - None

Item 6.

Exhibits


Exhibit Number			Exhibit
3.(i)			Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant as Amended through June 3, 2019, incorporated by reference from the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 5, 2019, Exhibit 3.1
3.(ii)			By-laws of the Registrant, as amended, incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 24, 2009, Exhibit 3.(ii)
10.1			~~Professional Services~~Employment Agreement ~~dated as of October~~between the Registrant and Thomas J. Murphy, Former President and Chief Executive Officer, effective February 1, ~~2022, by and between Arrow Financial Corporation and Edward J. Campanella,~~2023 incorporated herein by reference from the ~~Registrant’s~~Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K , filed February 6, 2023, Exhibit 10.1*


10.2			Employment Agreement between the Registrant and David D. Kaiser, Senior Executive Vice President, effective February 1, 2023 incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K , filed February 6, 2023, Exhibit 10.4*
10.3			Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Andrew J. Wise, Chief Operating Officer and Senior Executive Vice President, effective February 1, 2023 incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K , filed February 6, 2023, Exhibit 10.5*
10.4			Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between the Registrant and Penko K. Ivanov, Senior Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer, effective July 18, 2023 incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K, filed July 22, 2023, Exhibit 10.2*
10.5			Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between the Registrant and David S. DeMarco, President and Chief Executive Officer, effective May 13 , 2023 incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant's Current Report on October 6, 2022. Form 8-K , filed July 22, 2023, Exhibit 10.1
15			Awareness Letter
31.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer under SEC Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
31.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer under SEC Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
32			Certification of Chief Executive Officer under 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and Certification of Chief Financial Officer under 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101.INS			XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH			XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL			XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF			XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB			XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE			XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

* Management contracts or compensation plans required to be filed as an exhibit.

7469

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

ARROW FINANCIAL CORPORATION

Registrant



~~November 7, 2022~~July 27, 2023			/s/~~Thomas J. Murphy~~ David S. DeMarco
Date			~~Thomas J. Murphy~~David S. DeMarco
			President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

~~November 7, 2022~~July 27, 2023			/s/~~Thomas J. Murphy~~ Penko Ivanov
Date			~~Thomas J. Murphy~~Penko Ivanov

			~~Interim~~ Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial ~~Officer~~ and Accounting Officer)
			~~Principal Accounting Officer)~~

7570


			Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements			3
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			4543
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			7265
Item 4. Controls and Procedures			7265


PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			7367
Item 1.A. Risk Factors			7367
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			7367
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities			7468
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures			7468
Item 5. Other Information			7468
Item 6. Exhibits			7468

SIGNATURES			7570


	Three Months Ended September 30				Nine Months Ended September 30
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net Income	$	12,163	$	12,989	$	36,712	39,548
Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income, Net of Tax:
Net Unrealized Securities Holding Loss Arising During the Period	(20,801)		(1,279)		(52,808)		(3,969)

Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements	778		183		2,781		954
Reclassification of Net Unrealized Gain on Cash Flow Hedge Agreements to Interest Expense	55		(25)		42		(68)


Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Actuarial Loss	420		17		441		51
Amortization of Net Retirement Plan Prior Service Cost	42		43		127		129
Other Comprehensive Loss	(19,506)		(1,061)		(49,417)		(2,903)
Comprehensive (Loss) Income	$	(7,343)	$	11,928	$	(12,705)	$	36,645


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,		For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net Gain on Equity Securities	$	95	$	(106)	$	379	$	250
Less: Net gain recognized during the reporting period on equity securities sold during the period	—		—		—		—
Unrealized net gain recognized during the reporting period on equity securities still held at the reporting date	$	95	$	(106)	$	379	$	250


Footnotes:

1.	Share and Per Share Data have been restated for the September 23, 2022, 3% stock dividend.

2.	Tangible Book Value, Tangible Equity and Return on Tangible Equity exclude goodwill and other intangible assets, net from total equity. These are non-GAAP financial measures which Arrow believes provide investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.
		9/30/2022			9/30/2021
	Total Stockholders' Equity (GAAP)	$	345,550		$	360,171
	Less: Goodwill and Other Intangible assets, net	23,477			23,879
	Tangible Equity (Non-GAAP)	$	322,073		$	336,292

	Period End Shares Outstanding	16,523			16,500
	Tangible Book Value per Share (Non-GAAP)	$	19.49		$	20.38
	Net Income	36,712			39,548
	Return on Average Tangible Equity (Net Income/Tangible Equity - Annualized)	14.46		%	16.21		%

3.	Net Interest Margin is the ratio of our annualized tax-equivalent net interest income to average earning assets. This is also a non-GAAP financial measure which Arrow believes provides investors with information that is useful in understanding our financial performance. See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.
		9/30/2022			9/30/2021
	Interest Income (GAAP)	$	93,747		$	87,196
	Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP)	806			820
	Net Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP)	94,553			88,016
	Net Interest Income (GAAP)	87,764			83,153
	Add: Tax-Equivalent adjustment (Non-GAAP)	806			820
	Net Interest Income - Tax Equivalent (Non-GAAP)	$	88,570		$	83,973
	Average Earning Assets	$	3,888,992		$	3,657,060
	Net Interest Margin (Non-GAAP)*	3.04		%	3.07		%

4.	Financial Institutions often use the "efficiency ratio", a non-GAAP ratio, as a measure of expense control. Arrow believes the efficiency ratio provides investors with information that is useful in understanding financial performance. The efficiency ratio is defined as the ratio of our noninterest expense to our net gross income (which equals our tax-equivalent net interest income plus noninterest income, as adjusted). See "Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures" on page 46.

* Year-to-date ratios have been annualized.


Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analysis


(Dollars In Thousands)

Quarter Ended September 30:	2022						2021
			Interest		Rate				Interest		Rate
	Average		Income/		Earned/		Average		Income/		Earned/
	Balance		Expense		Paid		Balance		Expense		Paid
Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks	$	209,001	$	1,201	2.28	%	$	416,500	$	163	0.16	%
Investment Securities:
Fully Taxable	651,899		2,603		1.58		494,869		1,632		1.31
Exempt from Federal Taxes	169,153		785		1.84		181,111		855		1.87
Loans	2,872,066		29,618		4.09		2,641,726		27,157		4.08
Total Earning Assets	3,902,119		34,207		3.48		3,734,206		29,807		3.17
Allowance for Credit Losses	(28,006)						(27,040)
Cash and Due From Banks	32,475						38,036
Other Assets	141,150						156,839
Total Assets	$	4,047,738					$	3,902,041
Deposits:
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts	$	996,116	267		0.11		$	923,002	155		0.07
Savings Deposits	1,549,451		2,469		0.63		1,496,938		424		0.11
Time Deposits of $250,000 or More	49,459		89		0.71		71,435		39		0.22
Other Time Deposits	136,834		150		0.43		141,721		133		0.37
Total Interest-Bearing Deposits	2,731,860		2,975		0.43		2,633,096		751		0.11
Short-Term Borrowings	—		—				2,012		—		—
FHLBNY Term Advances & Other Long-Term Debt	45,000		283		2.50		65,000		370		2.26
Finance Leases	5,125		48		3.72		5,175		48		3.68
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities	2,781,985		3,306		0.47		2,705,283		1,169		0.17
Noninterest-bearing deposits	866,659						802,837
Other Liabilities	37,419						34,537
Total Liabilities	3,686,063						3,542,657
Stockholders’ Equity	361,675						359,384
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	4,047,738					$	3,902,041


Net Interest Income			$	30,901					$	28,638
Net Interest Spread					3.01	%					3.00	%
Net Interest Margin					3.14	%					3.04	%


Average Consolidated Balance Sheets and Net Interest Income Analysis
(GAAP Basis)
(Dollars In Thousands)

Nine Months Ended September 30:	2022						2021
			Interest		Rate				Interest		Rate
	Average		Income/		Earned/		Average		Income/		Earned/
	Balance		Expense		Paid		Balance		Expense		Paid
Interest-Bearing Deposits at Banks	$	289,681	$	1,826	0.84	%	$	373,531	$	351	0.13	%
Investment Securities:
Fully Taxable	638,504		7,236		1.52		459,527		4,809		1.40
Exempt from Federal Taxes	175,086		2,422		1.85		186,737		2,682		1.92
Loans	2,785,721		82,263		3.95		2,637,265		79,354		4.02
Total Earning Assets	3,888,992		93,747		3.22		3,657,060		87,196		3.19
Allowance for Credit Losses	(27,579)						(27,235)
Cash and Due From Banks	30,370						36,272
Other Assets	146,750						156,592
Total Assets	$	4,038,533					$	3,822,689
Deposits:
Interest-Bearing Checking Accounts	$	1,024,087	629		0.08		$	902,772	566		0.08
Savings Deposits	1,549,610		3,778		0.33		1,471,467		1,490		0.14
Time Deposits of $250,000 or More	52,251		143		0.37		92,111		228		0.33
Other Time Deposits	132,948		370		0.37		146,157		511		0.47
Total Interest-Bearing Deposits	2,758,896		4,920		0.24		2,612,507		2,795		0.14
Short-Term Borrowings	(1)		—				6,375		3		0.06
FHLBNY Term Advances & Other Long-Term Debt	51,081		918		2.40		65,000		1,099		2.26
Finance Leases	5,139		145		3.77		5,188		146		3.76
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities	2,815,115		5,983		0.28		2,689,070		4,043		0.20
Noninterest-bearing deposits	824,674						750,163
Other Liabilities	35,720						33,289
Total Liabilities	3,675,509						3,472,522
Stockholders’ Equity	363,024						350,167
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	4,038,533					$	3,822,689


Net Interest Income			$	87,764					$	83,153
Net Interest Spread					2.94	%					2.99	%
Net Interest Margin					3.02	%					3.04	%


	Quarter Ended September 30
	2022			2021
Cash Dividends Per Share	$	0.262		$	0.245
Diluted Earnings Per Share	0.74			0.78
Dividend Payout Ratio	35.41		%	31.41		%
Total Equity (in thousands)	345,550			$	360,171
Shares Issued and Outstanding (in thousands)	16,523			16,500
Book Value Per Share	$	20.91		$	21.83
Intangible Assets (in thousands)	23,477			23,879
Tangible Book Value Per Share	$	19.49		$	20.38


Third Quarter 2022 Calendar Month	(A) Total Number of Shares Purchased 1	(B) Average Price Paid Per Share 1		(C) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs 2	(D) Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs 2
July	3,653	$	32.22	—	$	2,614,973
August	1,435	34.67		—	2,614,973
September	19,187	32.26		2,508	2,535,669
Total	24,275	32.40		2,508