UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549Form

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023

Commission File No. 001-11241

CATERPILLAR FINANCIAL SERVICES CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						37-1105865
(State of incorporation)						(IRS Employer I.D. No.)

2120 West End Ave., Nashville, Tennessee						37203-0001
(Address of principal executive offices)						(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (615) 341-1000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading

Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange

on which registered

Medium-Term Notes, Series H,
3.300% Notes Due 2024

CAT/24

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☒

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~November 2, 2022,~~May 3, 2023, one share of common stock of the registrant was outstanding, which is owned by Caterpillar Inc.

The registrant is a wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. and meets the conditions set forth in General Instruction (H)(1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-Q, and is therefore filing this form with the reduced disclosure format.

Table of Contents


Part I. Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2725
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	*
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	3632

Part II. Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	3633
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	3633
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	*
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	*
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	*
Item 5.	Other Information	*
Item 6.	Exhibits	3733
* Item omitted because no answer is called for or item is not applicable.

UNAUDITED

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

In addition to the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements for Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation (together with its subsidiaries, “Cat Financial,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”), we suggest that you read our ~~2021~~2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February ~~16, 2022.~~15, 2023. The Company files electronically with the SEC required reports on Form 8-K, Form 10-Q, Form 10-K; registration statements on Form S-3; and other forms or reports as required. The SEC maintains a website (www.sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Copies of our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to these reports filed or furnished with the SEC are available free of charge through Caterpillar’s website (www.caterpillar.com/secfilings) as soon as reasonably practicable after filing with the SEC. In addition, the public may obtain more detailed information about our parent company, Caterpillar, by visiting its website (www.caterpillar.com). None of the information contained at any time on our website or Caterpillar’s website is incorporated by reference into this document.

UNAUDITED

Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PROFIT

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Millions)


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022

Revenues:	Revenues:									Revenues:
Retail finance	Retail finance	$	312	$	297	$	903	$	903	Retail finance	$	340	$	290
Operating lease	Operating lease	222		229		671		711		Operating lease	218		225
Wholesale finance	Wholesale finance	117		77		300		237		Wholesale finance	151		84
Other, net	Other, net	39		31		136		68		Other, net	59		53
Total revenues	Total revenues	690		634		2,010		1,919		Total revenues	768		652

Expenses:	Expenses:									Expenses:
Interest	Interest	151		110		377		351		Interest	217		106
Depreciation on equipment leased to others	Depreciation on equipment leased to others	179		191		544		570		Depreciation on equipment leased to others	174		184
General, operating and administrative	General, operating and administrative	136		127		397		382		General, operating and administrative	133		131
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(16)		59		34		60		Provision for credit losses	9		27
Other	Other	7		9		20		24		Other	6		7
Total expenses	Total expenses	457		496		1,372		1,387		Total expenses	539		455

Other income (expense)	Other income (expense)	(45)		(7)		(58)		(16)		Other income (expense)	(25)		(4)

Profit before income taxes	Profit before income taxes	188		131		580		516		Profit before income taxes	204		193

Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	55		27		157		124		Provision for income taxes	53		49

Profit of consolidated companies	Profit of consolidated companies	133		104		423		392		Profit of consolidated companies	151		144

Less: Profit attributable to noncontrolling interests	Less: Profit attributable to noncontrolling interests	2		3		6		9		Less: Profit attributable to noncontrolling interests	2		1

Profit attributable to Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation	Profit attributable to Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation	$	131	$	101	$	417	$	383	Profit attributable to Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation	$	149	$	143

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

UNAUDITED

Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Millions)


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022

Profit of consolidated companies	Profit of consolidated companies	$	133	$	104	$	423	$	392	Profit of consolidated companies	$	151	$	144

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (Note 5):	Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (Note 5):									Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax (Note 5):
Foreign currency translation	Foreign currency translation	(296)		(137)		(543)		(185)		Foreign currency translation	44		10
Derivative financial instruments	Derivative financial instruments	(5)		9		18		21		Derivative financial instruments	1		16
Total Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	Total Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(301)		(128)		(525)		(164)		Total Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	45		26

Comprehensive income (loss)	Comprehensive income (loss)	(168)		(24)		(102)		228		Comprehensive income (loss)	196		170

Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the noncontrolling interests		(6)		1		(9)		9
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests										Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	4		3

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation	Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation	$	(162)	$	(25)	$	(93)	$	219	Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation	$	192	$	167

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

UNAUDITED

Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Millions, except share data)


		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets:	Assets:					Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	761	$	610	Cash and cash equivalents	$	675	$	868
Finance receivables, net of Allowance for credit losses of $339 and $337		25,772		27,177
Finance receivables, net of Allowance for credit losses of $348 and $346						Finance receivables, net of Allowance for credit losses of $348 and $346	26,988		26,441
Notes receivable from Caterpillar	Notes receivable from Caterpillar	495		389		Notes receivable from Caterpillar	521		482
Equipment on operating leases, net	Equipment on operating leases, net	2,916		3,123		Equipment on operating leases, net	2,890		2,911

Other assets	Other assets	1,539		1,088		Other assets	1,132		1,255
Total assets	Total assets	$	31,483	$	32,387	Total assets	$	32,206	$	31,957

Liabilities and shareholder’s equity:	Liabilities and shareholder’s equity:					Liabilities and shareholder’s equity:
Payable to dealers and others	Payable to dealers and others	$	168	$	163	Payable to dealers and others	$	174	$	163
Payable to Caterpillar - borrowings and other	Payable to Caterpillar - borrowings and other	93		95		Payable to Caterpillar - borrowings and other	143		124
Accrued expenses	Accrued expenses	359		233		Accrued expenses	406		380

Short-term borrowings	Short-term borrowings	4,199		5,395		Short-term borrowings	5,841		5,954
Current maturities of long-term debt	Current maturities of long-term debt	6,694		6,307		Current maturities of long-term debt	6,287		5,202
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	16,030		16,287		Long-term debt	15,315		16,216
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	1,061		926		Other liabilities	956		955
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	28,604		29,406		Total liabilities	29,122		28,994

Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 7)	Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 7)					Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 7)

Common stock - $1 par value	Common stock - $1 par value					Common stock - $1 par value
Authorized: 2,000 shares; Issued and	Authorized: 2,000 shares; Issued and					Authorized: 2,000 shares; Issued and
outstanding: one share (at paid-in amount)	outstanding: one share (at paid-in amount)	745		745		outstanding: one share (at paid-in amount)	745		745
Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital	2		2		Additional paid-in capital	2		2
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	3,214		2,797		Retained earnings	3,131		3,057
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,284)		(774)		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,004)		(1,047)
Noncontrolling interests	Noncontrolling interests	202		211		Noncontrolling interests	210		206
Total shareholder’s equity	Total shareholder’s equity	2,879		2,981		Total shareholder’s equity	3,084		2,963

Total liabilities and shareholder’s equity	Total liabilities and shareholder’s equity	$	31,483	$	32,387	Total liabilities and shareholder’s equity	$	32,206	$	31,957

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

UNAUDITED

Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDER’S EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Millions)


Three Months Ended September 30, 2021		Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Noncontrolling interests		Total
Balance at June 30, 2021		$	745	$	2	$	3,074	$	(633)	$	205	$	3,393
Profit of consolidated companies						101				3		104

Foreign currency translation, net of tax								(135)		(2)		(137)
Derivative financial instruments, net of tax								9				9

Balance at September 30, 2021		$	745	$	2	$	3,175	$	(759)	$	206	$	3,369

Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at June 30, 2022		$	745	$	2	$	3,083	$	(991)	$	208	$	3,047
Profit of consolidated companies						131				2		133

Foreign currency translation, net of tax								(288)		(8)		(296)
Derivative financial instruments, net of tax								(5)				(5)

Balance at September 30, 2022		$	745	$	2	$	3,214	$	(1,284)	$	202	$	2,879

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance at December 31, 2020		$	745	$	2	$	3,142	$	(595)	$	197	$	3,491
Profit of consolidated companies						383				9		392
Dividend paid to Caterpillar						(350)						(350)
Foreign currency translation, net of tax								(185)				(185)
Derivative financial instruments, net of tax								21				21

Balance at September 30, 2021		$	745	$	2	$	3,175	$	(759)	$	206	$	3,369

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022														Three Months Ended March 31, 2022	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Retained earnings		Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		Noncontrolling interests		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	Balance at December 31, 2021	$	745	$	2	$	2,797	$	(774)	$	211	$	2,981	Balance at December 31, 2021	$	745	$	2	$	2,797	$	(774)	$	211	$	2,981
Profit of consolidated companies	Profit of consolidated companies					417				6		423		Profit of consolidated companies					143				1		144

Foreign currency translation, net of tax	Foreign currency translation, net of tax							(528)		(15)		(543)		Foreign currency translation, net of tax							8		2		10
Derivative financial instruments, net of tax	Derivative financial instruments, net of tax							18				18		Derivative financial instruments, net of tax							16				16

Balance at September 30, 2022		$	745	$	2	$	3,214	$	(1,284)	$	202	$	2,879
Balance at March 31, 2022														Balance at March 31, 2022	$	745	$	2	$	2,940	$	(750)	$	214	$	3,151

Three Months Ended March 31, 2023														Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance at December 31, 2022														Balance at December 31, 2022	$	745	$	2	$	3,057	$	(1,047)	$	206	$	2,963
Profit of consolidated companies														Profit of consolidated companies					149				2		151
Dividend paid to Caterpillar														Dividend paid to Caterpillar					(75)						(75)
Foreign currency translation, net of tax														Foreign currency translation, net of tax							42		2		44
Derivative financial instruments, net of tax														Derivative financial instruments, net of tax							1				1

Balance at March 31, 2023														Balance at March 31, 2023	$	745	$	2	$	3,131	$	(1,004)	$	210	$	3,084

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

UNAUDITED

Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(Dollars in Millions)


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021			2023		2022
Cash flows from operating activities:	Cash flows from operating activities:					Cash flows from operating activities:
Profit of consolidated companies	Profit of consolidated companies	$	423	$	392	Profit of consolidated companies	$	151	$	144
Adjustments for non-cash items:	Adjustments for non-cash items:					Adjustments for non-cash items:
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	554		581		Depreciation and amortization	178		187
Accretion of Caterpillar purchased receivable revenue	Accretion of Caterpillar purchased receivable revenue	(284)		(226)		Accretion of Caterpillar purchased receivable revenue	(140)		(81)
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	34		60		Provision for credit losses	9		27

Other, net	Other, net	116		74		Other, net	(22)		(27)
Changes in assets and liabilities:	Changes in assets and liabilities:					Changes in assets and liabilities:
Other assets	Other assets	41		57		Other assets	56		1
Payable to dealers and others	Payable to dealers and others	62		27		Payable to dealers and others	17		27
Accrued expenses	Accrued expenses	17		(63)		Accrued expenses	(14)		3
Other payables with Caterpillar	Other payables with Caterpillar	(3)		9		Other payables with Caterpillar	13		19
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	61		25		Other liabilities	5		22
Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	1,021		936		Net cash provided by operating activities	253		322

Cash flows from investing activities:	Cash flows from investing activities:					Cash flows from investing activities:
Expenditures for equipment on operating leases	Expenditures for equipment on operating leases	(860)		(889)		Expenditures for equipment on operating leases	(270)		(238)
Capital expenditures - excluding equipment on operating leases	Capital expenditures - excluding equipment on operating leases	(9)		(10)		Capital expenditures - excluding equipment on operating leases	(8)		(3)
Proceeds from disposals of equipment	Proceeds from disposals of equipment	607		767		Proceeds from disposals of equipment	177		239
Additions to finance receivables	Additions to finance receivables	(10,578)		(10,292)		Additions to finance receivables	(3,462)		(3,139)
Collections of finance receivables	Collections of finance receivables	10,333		9,949		Collections of finance receivables	3,439		3,160
Net changes in Caterpillar purchased receivables	Net changes in Caterpillar purchased receivables	678		100		Net changes in Caterpillar purchased receivables	(258)		(42)
Proceeds from sales of receivables	Proceeds from sales of receivables	50		44		Proceeds from sales of receivables	24		9
Net change in variable lending to Caterpillar	Net change in variable lending to Caterpillar	(3)		3		Net change in variable lending to Caterpillar	(51)		(5)
Additions to other notes receivable from Caterpillar	Additions to other notes receivable from Caterpillar	(139)		(75)		Additions to other notes receivable from Caterpillar	—		(91)
Collections of other notes receivable from Caterpillar	Collections of other notes receivable from Caterpillar	34		45		Collections of other notes receivable from Caterpillar	13		10

Settlements of undesignated derivatives	Settlements of undesignated derivatives	(69)		(68)		Settlements of undesignated derivatives	(1)		(33)
Other, net		—		1

Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities	Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities	44		(425)		Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities	(397)		(133)

Cash flows from financing activities:	Cash flows from financing activities:					Cash flows from financing activities:
Net change in variable lending from Caterpillar		—		(1,000)

Proceeds from debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	Proceeds from debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	5,570		6,437		Proceeds from debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	1,517		2,131
Payments on debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	Payments on debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	(5,269)		(6,710)		Payments on debt issued (original maturities greater than three months)	(1,385)		(1,381)
Short-term borrowings, net (original maturities three months or less)	Short-term borrowings, net (original maturities three months or less)	(1,173)		1,334		Short-term borrowings, net (original maturities three months or less)	(100)		(892)
Dividend paid to Caterpillar	Dividend paid to Caterpillar	—		(350)		Dividend paid to Caterpillar	(75)		—
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	(872)		(289)		Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	(43)		(142)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(44)		4		Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(6)		5

Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	149		226		Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(193)		52
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year(1)	Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year(1)	614		425		Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year(1)	870		614
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period(1)	Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period(1)	$	763	$	651	Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period(1)	$	677	$	666

(1) As of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, restricted cash, which is included in Other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, was $2 ~~million and $4 million, respectively.~~million. Restricted cash primarily includes cash related to syndication activities.

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

UNAUDITED

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1.Basis of Presentation

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair statement of (a) the consolidated profit for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ (b) the consolidated comprehensive income for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ (c) the consolidated financial position at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, (d) the consolidated changes in shareholder’s equity for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022 ~~and 2021~~ and (e) the consolidated cash flows for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021.~~2022. The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts. Significant estimates include residual values for leased assets, allowance for credit losses and income taxes. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021 (2021~~2022 (2022 Form 10-K). The December 31, ~~2021~~2022 financial position data included herein was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements included in the ~~2021~~2022 Form 10-K but does not include all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles.

We consolidate all variable interest entities (VIEs) where we are the primary beneficiary. For VIEs, we assess whether we are the primary beneficiary as prescribed by the accounting guidance on the consolidation of VIEs. Please refer to Note 7 for more information.

We have customers and dealers that are VIEs of which we are not the primary beneficiary. Our maximum exposure to loss from our involvement with these VIEs is limited to the credit risk inherently present in the financial support that we have provided. Credit risk was evaluated and reflected in our financial statements as part of our overall portfolio of finance receivables and related allowance for credit losses.

2.New Accounting Pronouncements

A.Adoption of New Accounting Standards

We consider the applicability and impact of all Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs). ~~We adopted the following ASU effective~~Effective January 1, ~~2022, which did not have a material impact on our~~2023, we adopted ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326), Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures prospectively. The ASU eliminates accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), enhances disclosures for certain receivable modifications related to borrowers experiencing financial ~~statements:~~


~~ASU~~			~~Description~~

~~2021-05~~			~~Lessor – Variable lease payments~~

difficulty, and requires disclosure of current period gross write-offs by year of origination. See Note 3 for additional information.

B.Accounting Standards Issued But Not Yet Adopted

~~Credit Losses~~ (ASU 2022-02) – In March 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued accounting guidance related to Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs) by Creditors and Vintage Disclosures for Gross Write-offs. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. We are evaluating the new guidance and do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our financial statements.

We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. We have assessed the ASUs ~~not listed above~~and determined that they either were ~~assessed and either determined to be~~ not applicable or were not expected to have a material impact on our financial statements.

UNAUDITED

3.Finance Receivables

A summary of finance receivables included in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position was as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		(Millions of dollars)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Retail loans, net(1)	Retail loans, net(1)	$	14,859	$	14,817	Retail loans, net(1)	$	15,013	$	14,973
Retail leases, net	Retail leases, net	6,805		7,818		Retail leases, net	6,826		6,965
Caterpillar purchased receivables, net	Caterpillar purchased receivables, net	3,962		4,462		Caterpillar purchased receivables, net	4,731		4,297
Wholesale loans, net(1)	Wholesale loans, net(1)	478		406		Wholesale loans, net(1)	759		545
Wholesale leases, net	Wholesale leases, net	7		11		Wholesale leases, net	7		7
Total finance receivables	Total finance receivables	26,111		27,514		Total finance receivables	27,336		26,787
Less: Allowance for credit losses	Less: Allowance for credit losses	(339)		(337)		Less: Allowance for credit losses	(348)		(346)
Total finance receivables, net	Total finance receivables, net	$	25,772	$	27,177	Total finance receivables, net	$	26,988	$	26,441

(1) Includes failed sale leasebacks.

Finance leases

Revenues from finance leases were ~~$105~~$104 million and ~~$120~~$112 million for the three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021, respectively, and $326 million and $365 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021,~~ respectively, and are included in retail and wholesale finance revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Profit. The residual values for finance leases are included in Finance receivables, net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. Residual value adjustments are recognized through a reduction of finance revenue over the remaining lease term.

Allowance for credit losses

Portfolio segments

A portfolio segment is the level at which we develop a systematic methodology for determining our allowance for credit losses. Our portfolio segments and related methods for estimating expected credit losses are as follows:

Customer

We provide loans and finance leases to end-user customers primarily for the purpose of financing new and used Caterpillar machinery, engines and equipment for commercial ~~use, the majority of which operate in construction-related industries.~~use. We also provide financing for ~~vehicles,~~ power generation facilities ~~and marine vessels~~ that, in most cases, incorporate Caterpillar products. The average original term of our customer finance receivable portfolio was approximately 5051 months with an average remaining term of approximately 2628 months as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

We typically maintain a security interest in financed equipment and we require physical damage insurance coverage on the financed equipment, both of which provide us with certain rights and protections. If our collection efforts fail to bring a defaulted account current, we generally can repossess the financed equipment, after satisfying local legal requirements, and sell it within the Caterpillar dealer network or through third-party auctions.

We estimate the allowance for credit losses related to our customer finance receivables based on loss forecast models utilizing probabilities of default and our estimated loss given default based on past loss experience adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts capturing country and industry-specific economic factors.

During the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, our forecasts for the markets in which we operate reflected a continuation of the trend of relatively low unemployment rates and delinquencies. However, delinquencies show an increasing trend as persistently high inflation rates and consequent central bank actions are weakening global economic growth. We believe the economic forecasts employed represent reasonable and supportable forecasts, followed by a reversion to long-term trends.

Dealer

We provide financing to Caterpillar dealers in the form of wholesale financing plans. Our wholesale financing plans provide assistance to dealers by financing their mostly new Caterpillar equipment inventory and rental fleets on a secured and unsecured basis. In addition, we provide a variety of secured and unsecured loans to Caterpillar dealers.

~~UNAUDITED~~

We estimate the allowance for credit losses for dealer finance receivables based on historical loss rates with consideration of current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

UNAUDITED

In general, our Dealer portfolio segment has not historically experienced large increases or decreases in credit losses based on changes in economic conditions due to our close working relationships with the dealers and their financial strength. Therefore, we made no adjustments to historical loss rates during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

Caterpillar Purchased Receivables

We purchase receivables from Caterpillar, primarily related to the sale of equipment and parts to dealers. Caterpillar purchased receivables are non-interest-bearing short-term trade receivables that are purchased at a discount.

We estimate the allowance for credit losses for Caterpillar purchased receivables based on historical loss rates with consideration of current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

In general, our Caterpillar Purchased Receivables portfolio segment has not historically experienced large increases or decreases in credit losses based on changes in economic conditions due to the short-term maturities of the receivables, our close working relationships with the dealers and their financial strength. Therefore, we made no adjustments to historical loss rates during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

Classes of finance receivables

We further evaluate our portfolio segments by the class of finance receivables, which is defined as a level of information (below a portfolio segment) in which the finance receivables have the same initial measurement attribute and a similar method for assessing and monitoring credit risk. Our classes, which align with management reporting for credit losses, are as follows:

•North America - Finance receivables originated in the United States and Canada.

•EAME - Finance receivables originated in Europe, Africa, the Middle East and the Commonwealth of Independent States.

•Asia/Pacific - Finance receivables originated in Australia, New Zealand, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India.

•Mining - Finance receivables related to large mining customers worldwide.

•Latin America - Finance receivables originated in Mexico and Central and South American countries.

•~~Caterpillar~~ Power Finance - Finance receivables originated worldwide related to ~~marine vessels with Caterpillar engines and~~ Caterpillar electrical power generation, gas compression and co-generation systems and non-Caterpillar equipment that is powered by these systems.

~~UNAUDITED~~

An analysis of the allowance for credit losses was as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022								Three Months Ended September 30, 2021								(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023								Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Allowance for Credit Losses:	Allowance for Credit Losses:	Customer		Dealer		Caterpillar Purchased Receivables		Total		Customer		Dealer		Caterpillar Purchased Receivables		Total		Allowance for Credit Losses:	Customer		Dealer		Caterpillar Purchased Receivables		Total		Customer		Dealer		Caterpillar Purchased Receivables		Total
Beginning Balance	Beginning Balance	$	290	$	82	$	4	$	376	$	354	$	44	$	4	$	402	Beginning Balance	$	277	$	65	$	4	$	346	$	251	$	82	$	4	$	337
Write-offs	Write-offs	(30)		—		—		(30)		(91)		—		—		(91)		Write-offs	(20)		—		—		(20)		(20)		—		—		(20)
Recoveries	Recoveries	17		—		—		17		15		—		—		15		Recoveries	10		—		—		10		12		—		—		12
Provision for credit losses(1)	Provision for credit losses(1)	(2)		(17)		—		(19)		17		38		—		55		Provision for credit losses(1)	10		—		1		11		26		(1)		1		26
Other	Other	(5)		—		—		(5)		(3)		—		—		(3)		Other	1		—		—		1		2		—		—		2
Ending Balance~~(2)~~	Ending Balance~~(2)~~	$	270	$	65	$	4	$	339	$	292	$	82	$	4	$	378	Ending Balance~~(2)~~	$	278	$	65	$	5	$	348	$	271	$	81	$	5	$	357

		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022								Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Allowance for Credit Losses:		Customer		Dealer		Caterpillar Purchased Receivables		Total		Customer		Dealer		Caterpillar Purchased Receivables		Total
Beginning Balance		$	251	$	82	$	4	$	337	$	431	$	44	$	4	$	479
Write-offs		(68)		—		—		(68)		(193)		—		—		(193)
Recoveries		47		—		—		47		39		—		—		39
Provision for credit losses(1)		46		(17)		—		29		20		38		—		58
Other		(6)		—		—		(6)		(5)		—		—		(5)
Ending Balance(2)		$	270	$	65	$	4	$	339	$	292	$	82	$	4	$	378

Finance Receivables	Finance Receivables	$	19,927	$	2,222	$	3,962	$	26,111	$	20,702	$	2,368	$	3,703	$	26,773	Finance Receivables	$	20,117	$	2,488	$	4,731	$	27,336	$	20,953	$	2,112	$	4,647	$	27,712

(1) Excludes provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments and other miscellaneous receivables.

~~(2)~~ ~~Ending balances as of September 30, 2022 include higher reserves for the Russia and Ukraine portfolios.~~

UNAUDITED

Gross write-offs by origination year for the Customer portfolio segment were as follows:


(Millions of Dollars)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
	2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Finance Receivables		Total

North America	$	—	$	3	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	4	$	10
EAME	—		1		—		1		—		—		—		2
Asia/Pacific	—		—		2		1		1		—		—		4

Latin America	—		—		1		2		1		—		—		4

Total	$	—	$	4	$	6	$	4	$	2	$	—	$	4	$	20

Credit quality of finance receivables

At origination, we evaluate credit risk based on a variety of credit quality factors including prior payment experience, customer financial information, credit ratings, loan-to-value ratios, probabilities of default, industry trends, macroeconomic factors and other internal metrics. On an ongoing basis, we monitor credit quality based on past-due status as there is a meaningful correlation between the past-due status of customers and the risk of loss. In determining past-due status, we consider the entire finance receivable past due when any installment is over 30 days past due.

UNAUDITED

Customer

The tables below summarize the aging category of our amortized cost of finance receivables in the Customer portfolio segment by origination year.


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	September 30, 2022														(Millions of dollars)	March 31, 2023
		2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Finance Receivables				Total Finance Receivables			2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior		Revolving Finance Receivables		Total Finance Receivables
North America	North America																			North America
Current	Current	$	3,151	$	3,632	$	1,765	$	811	$	289	$	64	$	233			$	9,945	Current	$	886	$	3,585	$	2,931	$	1,308	$	525	$	168	$	255	$	9,658
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	18		25		19		13		6		2		4				87		31-60 days past due	3		29		30		18		8		2		3		93
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	5		9		4		2		1		1		2				24		61-90 days past due	—		11		8		5		2		1		2		29
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	5		16		13		8		5		5		5				57		91+ days past due	—		12		19		12		5		5		3		56

EAME	EAME																			EAME
Current	Current	873		1,014		511		309		179		81		—				2,967		Current	310		1,198		864		423		234		189		—		3,218
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	6		12		5		4		—		—		—				27		31-60 days past due	2		15		12		4		2		1		—		36
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	2		4		5		1		1		—		—				13		61-90 days past due	—		7		5		3		2		—		—		17
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	3		21		11		5		2		1		—				43		91+ days past due	—		8		23		14		3		2		—		50

Asia/Pacific	Asia/Pacific																			Asia/Pacific
Current	Current	896		886		467		154		45		9		37				2,494		Current	282		1,028		676		300		93		30		46		2,455
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	5		13		11		2		1		—		—				32		31-60 days past due	—		9		12		9		2		—		—		32
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	1		6		6		2		—		—		—				15		61-90 days past due	—		4		4		3		1		—		—		12
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	1		8		6		6		1		—		—				22		91+ days past due	—		4		6		5		3		1		—		19

Mining	Mining																			Mining
Current	Current	579		698		247		226		118		112		79				2,059		Current	319		848		550		192		158		99		56		2,222
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—				—		31-60 days past due	—		5		—		4		1		—		—		10
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		3		—				3		61-90 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	—		—		1		—		3		1		—				5		91+ days past due	—		—		1		—		—		—		—		1

Latin America	Latin America																			Latin America
Current	Current	584		443		176		86		24		14		—				1,327		Current	182		716		339		124		51		28		—		1,440
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	5		9		5		2		12		—		—				33		31-60 days past due	—		17		32		4		9		9		—		71
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	4		4		2		1		—		—		—				11		61-90 days past due	—		4		4		1		—		3		—		12
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	—		14		14		5		4		17		—				54		91+ days past due	—		5		14		8		2		1		—		30

Caterpillar Power Finance
Power Finance																				Power Finance
Current	Current	44		94		151		94		30		170		118				701		Current	12		80		80		140		49		159		133		653
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—				—		31-60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		2		—		2
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—				—		61-90 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		1		—		1
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		8		—				8		91+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—

Totals by Aging Category	Totals by Aging Category																			Totals by Aging Category
Current	Current	6,127		6,767		3,317		1,680		685		450		467				19,493		Current	1,991		7,455		5,440		2,487		1,110		673		490		19,646
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	34		59		40		21		19		2		4				179		31-60 days past due	5		75		86		39		22		14		3		244
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	12		23		17		6		2		4		2				66		61-90 days past due	—		26		21		12		5		5		2		71
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	9		59		45		24		15		32		5				189		91+ days past due	—		29		63		39		13		9		3		156
Total	Total	$	6,182	$	6,908	$	3,419	$	1,731	$	721	$	488	$	478			$	19,927	Total	$	1,996	$	7,585	$	5,610	$	2,577	$	1,150	$	701	$	498	$	20,117

UNAUDITED


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	December 31, 2021														(Millions of dollars)	December 31, 2022
		2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Finance Receivables				Total Finance Receivables			2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Finance Receivables		Total Finance Receivables
North America	North America																			North America
Current	Current	$	4,792	$	2,596	$	1,426	$	630	$	182	$	32	$	182			$	9,840	Current	$	3,915	$	3,276	$	1,525	$	653	$	206	$	34	$	240	$	9,849
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	27		32		20		12		4		1		5				101		31-60 days past due	25		26		18		12		4		1		4		90
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	7		8		5		3		1		1		5				30		61-90 days past due	9		15		7		3		1		—		3		38
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	9		17		12		13		5		4		5				65		91+ days past due	11		16		12		6		4		3		4		56

EAME	EAME																			EAME
Current	Current	1,499		836		577		352		140		26		—				3,430		Current	1,270		953		477		280		155		68		—		3,203
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	5		4		3		1		1		—		—				14		31-60 days past due	10		12		7		1		1		—		—		31
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	3		3		3		1		—		—		—				10		61-90 days past due	8		4		3		1		—		—		—		16
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	3		11		2		2		—		2		—				20		91+ days past due	6		25		16		4		1		1		—		53

Asia/Pacific	Asia/Pacific																			Asia/Pacific
Current	Current	1,456		943		420		119		40		3		36				3,017		Current	1,174		805		393		124		37		5		40		2,578
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	10		14		10		2		—		—		—				36		31-60 days past due	10		12		8		1		1		—		—		32
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	3		7		4		1		—		—		—				15		61-90 days past due	2		5		4		2		—		—		—		13
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	2		10		10		3		—		—		—				25		91+ days past due	2		6		6		4		—		—		—		18

Mining	Mining																			Mining
Current	Current	944		356		332		194		36		161		36				2,059		Current	875		627		227		193		94		108		80		2,204
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	6		—		—		—		—		—		—				6		31-60 days past due	—		1		—		—		—		—		—		1
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	1		—		—		—		4		—		—				5		61-90 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	—		1		8		9		3		1		—				22		91+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		1		—		1

Latin America	Latin America																			Latin America
Current	Current	617		299		160		70		17		18		—				1,181		Current	770		400		150		69		26		20		—		1,435
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	4		7		3		3		1		—		—				18		31-60 days past due	7		8		4		2		—		1		—		22
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	3		3		1		1		—		—		—				8		61-90 days past due	2		5		1		1		—		—		—		9
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	4		9		9		7		7		14		—				50		91+ days past due	2		13		11		2		1		—		—		29

Caterpillar Power Finance
Power Finance																				Power Finance
Current	Current	120		152		119		70		180		104		101				846		Current	82		87		146		51		18		161		125		670
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—				—		31-60 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—				—		61-90 days past due	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		44		—				44		91+ days past due	—		—		—		—		—		5		—		5

Totals by Aging Category	Totals by Aging Category																			Totals by Aging Category
Current	Current	9,428		5,182		3,034		1,435		595		344		355				20,373		Current	8,086		6,148		2,918		1,370		536		396		485		19,939
31-60 days past due	31-60 days past due	52		57		36		18		6		1		5				175		31-60 days past due	52		59		37		16		6		2		4		176
61-90 days past due	61-90 days past due	17		21		13		6		5		1		5				68		61-90 days past due	21		29		15		7		1		—		3		76
91+ days past due	91+ days past due	18		48		41		34		15		65		5				226		91+ days past due	21		60		45		16		6		10		4		162
Total	Total	$	9,515	$	5,308	$	3,124	$	1,493	$	621	$	411	$	370			$	20,842	Total	$	8,180	$	6,296	$	3,015	$	1,409	$	549	$	408	$	496	$	20,353

Finance receivables in the Customer portfolio segment are substantially secured by collateral, primarily in the form of Caterpillar and other equipment. For those contracts where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, repayment of the outstanding amounts is generally expected to be provided through the operation or repossession and sale of the equipment.

UNAUDITED

Dealer

As of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, our total amortized cost of finance receivables within the Dealer portfolio segment was current, with the exception of $62 million ~~and $78 million, respectively,~~ that was 91+ days past due in Latin America, all of which was originated in 2017.

Caterpillar Purchased Receivables

The tables below summarize the aging category of our amortized cost of finance receivables in the Caterpillar Purchased Receivables portfolio segment.


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)														(Millions of dollars)
		September 30, 2022												March 31, 2023
		31-60 Days Past Due		61-90 Days Past Due		91+ Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Finance Receivables				31-60 Days Past Due		61-90 Days Past Due		91+ Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Finance Receivables

North America	North America	$	11	$	7	$	6	$	24	$	2,208	$	2,232		North America	$	6	$	4	$	3	$	13	$	2,679	$	2,692
EAME	EAME	1		—		2		3		801		804			EAME	—		1		2		3		883		886
Asia/Pacific	Asia/Pacific	8		—		—		8		503		511			Asia/Pacific	1		1		1		3		706		709
Mining		—		—		—		—		—		—

Latin America	Latin America	8		8		9		25		383		408			Latin America	7		2		14		23		409		432
Caterpillar Power Finance		—		—		1		1		6		7
Power Finance															Power Finance	3		—		1		4		8		12
Total	Total	$	28	$	15	$	18	$	61	$	3,901	$	3,962		Total	$	17	$	8	$	21	$	46	$	4,685	$	4,731


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)														(Millions of dollars)
		December 31, 2021												December 31, 2022
		31-60 Days Past Due		61-90 Days Past Due		91+ Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Finance Receivables				31-60 Days Past Due		61-90 Days Past Due		91+ Days Past Due		Total Past Due		Current		Total Finance Receivables

North America	North America	$	8	$	6	$	5	$	19	$	2,499	$	2,518		North America	$	11	$	7	$	4	$	22	$	2,458	$	2,480
EAME	EAME	1		—		1		2		844		846			EAME	1		—		2		3		812		815
Asia/Pacific	Asia/Pacific	—		—		1		1		620		621			Asia/Pacific	6		2		2		10		555		565
Mining		—		—		—		—		—		—

Latin America	Latin America	1		1		—		2		472		474			Latin America	9		2		14		25		406		431
Caterpillar Power Finance		—		—		—		—		3		3
Power Finance															Power Finance	1		—		—		1		5		6
Total	Total	$	10	$	7	$	7	$	24	$	4,438	$	4,462		Total	$	28	$	11	$	22	$	61	$	4,236	$	4,297

Non-accrual finance receivables

Recognition of income is suspended and the finance receivable is placed on non-accrual status when management determines that collection of future income is not probable. Contracts on non-accrual status are generally more than 120 days past ~~due or have been restructured in a TDR.~~due. Recognition is resumed and previously suspended income is recognized when collection is considered probable. Payments received while the finance receivable is on non-accrual status are applied to interest and principal in accordance with the contractual terms. Interest earned but uncollected prior to the receivable being placed on non-accrual status is written off through Provision for credit losses when, in the judgment of management, it is considered uncollectible.

UNAUDITED

In our Customer portfolio segment, finance receivables which were on non-accrual status and finance receivables over 90 days past due and still accruing income were as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021						(Millions of dollars)	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
		Amortized Cost						Amortized Cost							Amortized Cost						Amortized Cost
		Non-accrual With an Allowance		Non-accrual Without an Allowance		91+ Still Accruing		Non-accrual With an Allowance		Non-accrual Without an Allowance		91+ Still Accruing			Non-accrual With an Allowance		Non-accrual Without an Allowance		91+ Still Accruing		Non-accrual With an Allowance		Non-accrual Without an Allowance		91+ Still Accruing
North America	North America	$	54	$	5	$	10	$	47	$	9	$	12	North America	$	48	$	—	$	12	$	52	$	4	$	11
EAME	EAME	42		—		4		18		1		2		EAME	44		—		6		43		—		10
Asia/Pacific	Asia/Pacific	15		—		7		19		—		7		Asia/Pacific	12		—		7		11		—		7
Mining	Mining	6		1		—		8		1		14		Mining	2		—		—		—		1		—
Latin America	Latin America	57		—		—		52		4		1		Latin America	77		—		—		45		—		—
Caterpillar Power Finance		9		11		—		40		11		—
Power Finance														Power Finance	8		—		—		5		11		—
Total	Total	$	183	$	17	$	21	$	184	$	26	$	36	Total	$	191	$	—	$	25	$	156	$	16	$	28

~~There was $2 million and $1 million of interest~~Interest income recognized ~~during the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively,~~ for customer finance receivables on non-accrual ~~status. There~~status was ~~$11 million and $9 million~~not material during each of ~~interest income recognized during~~ the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and ~~2021, respectively, for customer finance receivables on non-accrual status.~~2022.

There were $62 ~~million and $78~~ million in finance receivables in our Dealer portfolio segment on non-accrual status as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021, respectively,~~2022, all of which was in Latin America. There were no finance receivables in our Dealer portfolio segment more than 90 days past due and still accruing income as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and no interest income was recognized on dealer finance receivables on non-accrual status during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

Modifications

We periodically modify loan terms in response to borrowers’ financial difficulty. Typically, the types of modifications granted are payment deferrals, interest only payment periods and/or term extensions. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, loan modifications granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty were not material.

The effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses based on the methodologies used to estimate the allowance; therefore, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification. On rare occasions when principal forgiveness is provided, the amount forgiven is written off against the allowance for credit losses.

~~UNAUDITED~~

Troubled debt restructurings

~~A restructuring~~Prior to the adoption of ASU 2022-02, a ~~finance receivable constitutes~~modification constituted a TDR when the lender ~~grants~~granted a concession it would not otherwise consider to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Concessions granted may ~~include~~have included extended contract maturities, inclusion of interest only periods, below market interest rates, payment deferrals and reduction of principal and/or accrued interest. We individually evaluate TDR contracts and establish an allowance based on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the receivable’s effective interest rate, the fair value of the collateral for collateral-dependent receivables or the observable market price of the receivable.

There were no finance receivables modified as TDRs during the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 ~~and 2021~~ for the Dealer or Caterpillar Purchased Receivables portfolio segments. Finance receivables in the Customer portfolio segment modified as TDRs were as follows:

(Millions of dollars) Three Months Ended
September 30, 2022 Three Months Ended
September 30, 2021
Pre-TDR
Amortized
Cost Post-TDR
Amortized
Cost Pre-TDR
Amortized
Cost Post-TDR
Amortized
Cost
North America $ 3 $ 3 $ 1 $ 1
EAME — — 1 1
Asia/Pacific — — 4 4
Mining 15 15 — —
Latin America — — 4 4
Caterpillar Power Finance 11 11 7 3
Total $ 29 $ 29 $ 17 $ 13
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022 Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2021
Pre-TDR
Amortized
Cost Post-TDR
Amortized
Cost Pre-TDR
Amortized
Cost Post-TDR
Amortized
Cost
North America $ 4 $ 4 $ 5 $ 5
EAME 1 1 1 1
Asia/Pacific — — 4 4
Mining 15 15 11 5
Latin America — — 10 10
Caterpillar Power Finance 20 19 23 19
Total $ 40 $ 39 $ 54 $ 44


(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
		Pre-TDR Amortized Cost		Post-TDR Amortized Cost

EAME		1		1



Power Finance		6		6
Total		$	7	$	7

~~The~~During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Post-TDR amortized cost of TDRs in the Customer portfolio segment with a payment default (defined as 91+ days past due) which had been modified within twelve months prior to the default date was ~~as follows:~~

(Millions of dollars) Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2022 2021 2022 2021
North America $ — $ — $ — $ 1
Asia/Pacific — — — 6
Mining — — 5 —
Latin America — — — 15
Caterpillar Power Finance — — — 5
Total $ — $ — $ 5 $ 27
$5 million, all of which was in Mining.

1716

UNAUDITED

4.Derivative Financial Instruments and Risk Management

Our earnings and cash flow are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. Our Risk Management Policy (policy) allows for the use of derivative financial instruments to prudently manage foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate exposures. Our policy specifies that derivatives are not to be used for speculative purposes. Derivatives that we use are primarily foreign currency forward, option and cross currency contracts and interest rate contracts. Our derivative activities are subject to the management, direction and control of our senior financial officers. We present at least annually to our Board of Directors and the Audit Committee of the Caterpillar Inc. Board of Directors on our risk management practices, including our use of financial derivative instruments.

All derivatives are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at their fair value. On the date the derivative contract is entered into, the derivative instrument is (1) designated as a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability (fair value hedge), (2) designated as a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows (cash flow hedge) or (3) undesignated. We record in current earnings changes in the fair value of a derivative that is qualified, designated and highly effective as a fair value hedge, along with the gain or loss on the hedged recognized asset or liability that is attributable to the hedged risk. We record in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) changes in the fair value of a derivative that is qualified, designated and highly effective as a cash flow hedge, to the extent effective, on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position until we reclassify them to earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. We report changes in the fair value of undesignated derivative instruments in current earnings. We classify cash flows from designated derivative financial instruments within the same category as the item being hedged on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. We include cash flows from undesignated derivative financial instruments in the investing category on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

We formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as the risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives that are designated as fair value hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position and linking cash flow hedges to specific forecasted transactions or variability of cash flow.

We also formally assess, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the designated derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value or cash flow of hedged items. When a derivative is determined not to be highly effective as a hedge or the underlying hedged transaction is no longer probable, we discontinue hedge accounting prospectively, in accordance with the derecognition criteria for hedge accounting.

Foreign currency exchange rate risk

We have balance sheet positions and expected future transactions denominated in foreign currencies, thereby creating exposure to movements in exchange rates. In managing foreign currency risk, our objective is to minimize earnings volatility resulting from conversion and the remeasurement of net foreign currency balance sheet positions and future transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Our policy allows the use of foreign currency forward, option and cross currency contracts to offset the risk of currency mismatch between our assets and liabilities and exchange rate risk associated with future transactions denominated in foreign currencies. Our foreign currency forward and option contracts are primarily undesignated. We designate fixed-to-fixed cross currency contracts as cash flow hedges to protect against movements in exchange rates on foreign currency fixed-rate assets and liabilities.

Interest rate risk

Interest rate movements create a degree of risk by affecting the amount of our interest payments and the value of our fixed-rate debt. Our practice is to use interest rate contracts to manage our exposure to interest rate changes.

We have a match-funding policy that addresses interest rate risk by aligning the interest rate profile (fixed or floating rate and duration) of our debt portfolio with the interest rate profile of our finance receivable portfolio within predetermined ranges on an ongoing basis. In connection with that policy, we use interest rate derivative instruments to modify the debt structure to match assets within the finance receivable portfolio. This matched funding reduces the volatility of margins between interest-bearing assets and interest-bearing liabilities, regardless of which direction interest rates move.

1817

UNAUDITED

Our policy allows us to use fixed-to-floating, floating-to-fixed and floating-to-floating interest rate contracts to meet the match-funding objective. We designate fixed-to-floating interest rate contracts as fair value hedges to protect debt against changes in fair value due to changes in the benchmark interest rate. We designate most floating-to-fixed interest rate contracts as cash flow hedges to protect against the variability of cash flows due to changes in the benchmark interest rate. We have, at certain times, liquidated fixed-to-floating and floating-to-fixed interest rate contracts. We amortize the gains or losses associated with these contracts at the time of liquidation into earnings over the original term of the previously designated hedged item.

The location and fair value of derivative instruments reported in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position were as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)									(Millions of dollars)

		September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021					March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
		Assets1		Liabilities2		Assets1		Liabilities2			Assets1		Liabilities2		Assets1		Liabilities2
Designated derivatives	Designated derivatives									Designated derivatives
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	$	605	$	(4)	$	142	$	(32)	Foreign exchange contracts	$	244	$	(53)	$	305	$	(44)
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	94		(119)		38		(15)		Interest rate contracts	73		(94)		87		(113)
		$	699	$	(123)	$	180	$	(47)		$	317	$	(147)	$	392	$	(157)
Undesignated derivatives	Undesignated derivatives									Undesignated derivatives
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	$	100	$	(49)	$	28	$	(36)	Foreign exchange contracts	$	10	$	(62)	$	25	$	(42)
		$	100	$	(49)	$	28	$	(36)		$	10	$	(62)	$	25	$	(42)

(1) Assets are classified on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as Other assets.

(2) Liabilities are classified on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as Accrued expenses.

The total notional amount of our derivative instruments was ~~$14.02~~$12.92 billion and ~~$13.85~~$13.18 billion as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The notional amounts of derivative financial instruments do not represent amounts exchanged by the parties. We calculate the amounts exchanged by the parties by referencing the notional amounts and by other terms of the derivatives, such as foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.

Gains (Losses) on derivative instruments are categorized as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)													(Millions of dollars)
		Fair Value / Undesignated Hedges				Cash Flow Hedges									Fair Value / Undesignated Hedges				Cash Flow Hedges
		Gains (Losses) Recognized1				Gains (Losses) Recognized in AOCI				Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI2					Gains (Losses) Recognized1				Gains (Losses) Recognized in AOCI				Gains (Losses) Reclassified from AOCI2

		Three Months Ended September 30,													Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	$	16	$	44	$	276	$	89	$	303	$	84	Foreign exchange contracts	$	(34)	$	(79)	$	(33)	$	(27)	$	(50)	$	16
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	(5)		5		26		3		8		(5)		Interest rate contracts	(15)		6		(2)		56		14		(6)
		$	11	$	49	$	302	$	92	$	311	$	79		$	(49)	$	(73)	$	(35)	$	29	$	(36)	$	10

		Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021
Foreign exchange contracts		$	(26)	$	72	$	570	$	170	$	656	$	166
Interest rate contracts		4		18		103		4		—		(21)
		$	(22)	$	90	$	673	$	174	$	656	$	145

(1) Foreign exchange contract gains (losses) are primarily from undesignated forward contracts and are included in Other income (expense). Interest rate contract gains (losses) are from designated fair value hedges and are included in Interest expense.

(2) Foreign exchange contract gains (losses) are primarily included in Other income (expense). Interest rate contract gains (losses) are included in Interest expense.

1918

UNAUDITED

The following amounts were recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)									(Millions of dollars)
		Carrying Value of the Hedged Liabilities				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Value of the Hedged Liabilities					Carrying Value of the Hedged Liabilities				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Value of the Hedged Liabilities
		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021			March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Current maturities of long-term debt	Current maturities of long-term debt	$	—	$	755	$	—	$	5	Current maturities of long-term debt	$	194	$	—	$	(6)	$	—
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	1,980		1,304		(119)		(2)		Long-term debt	1,977		2,091		(77)		(112)
Total	Total	$	1,980	$	2,059	$	(119)	$	3	Total	$	2,171	$	2,091	$	(83)	$	(112)

As of ~~September 30, 2022, $32~~March 31, 2023, $39 million of deferred net gains, net of tax, included in equity (AOCI in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position), related to our cash flow hedges, are expected to be reclassified to earnings over the next twelve months. The actual amount recorded in earnings will vary based on interest rates and exchange rates at the time the hedged transactions impact earnings.

We enter into International Swaps and Derivatives Association master netting agreements that permit the net settlement of amounts owed under their respective derivative contracts. Under these master netting agreements, net settlement generally permits us or the counterparty to determine the net amount payable for contracts due on the same date and in the same currency for similar types of derivative transactions. The master netting agreements may also provide for net settlement of all outstanding contracts with a counterparty in the case of an event of default or a termination event.

Collateral is typically not required of the counterparties or us under the master netting agreements. As of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, no cash collateral was received or pledged under the master netting agreements.

The effect of net settlement provisions of the master netting agreements on our derivative balances upon an event of default or a termination event was as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)									(Millions of dollars)
		September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021					March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
		Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities			Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities
Gross amounts recognized	Gross amounts recognized	$	799	$	(172)	$	208	$	(83)	Gross amounts recognized	$	327	$	(209)	$	417	$	(199)
Financial instruments not offset	Financial instruments not offset	(169)		169		(67)		67		Financial instruments not offset	(91)		91		(108)		108

Net amount	Net amount	$	630	$	(3)	$	141	$	(16)	Net amount	$	236	$	(118)	$	309	$	(91)

2019

UNAUDITED

5.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

We present Comprehensive income (loss) and its components in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Changes in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholder’s Equity consisted of the following:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021		2022		2021			2023		2022
Foreign currency translation	Foreign currency translation									Foreign currency translation
Balance at beginning of period	Balance at beginning of period	$	(1,002)	$	(601)	$	(762)	$	(551)	Balance at beginning of period	$	(1,068)	$	(762)

Gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	Gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	(258)		(122)		(456)		(154)		Gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	33		19
Less: Tax provision/(benefit)	Less: Tax provision/(benefit)	30		13		72		31		Less: Tax provision/(benefit)	(9)		11
Net gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	Net gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	(288)		(135)		(528)		(185)		Net gains (losses) on foreign currency translation	42		8

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(288)		(135)		(528)		(185)		Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	42		8
Balance at end of period	Balance at end of period	$	(1,290)	$	(736)	$	(1,290)	$	(736)	Balance at end of period	$	(1,026)	$	(754)

Derivative financial instruments	Derivative financial instruments									Derivative financial instruments
Balance at beginning of period	Balance at beginning of period	$	11	$	(32)	$	(12)	$	(44)	Balance at beginning of period	$	21	$	(12)

Gains (losses) deferred	Gains (losses) deferred	302		92		673		174		Gains (losses) deferred	(35)		29
Less: Tax provision/(benefit)	Less: Tax provision/(benefit)	95		14		158		30		Less: Tax provision/(benefit)	(9)		6
Net gains (losses) deferred	Net gains (losses) deferred	207		78		515		144		Net gains (losses) deferred	(26)		23
(Gains) losses reclassified to earnings	(Gains) losses reclassified to earnings	(311)		(79)		(656)		(145)		(Gains) losses reclassified to earnings	36		(10)
Less: Tax (provision)/benefit	Less: Tax (provision)/benefit	(99)		(10)		(159)		(22)		Less: Tax (provision)/benefit	9		(3)
Net (gains) losses reclassified to earnings	Net (gains) losses reclassified to earnings	(212)		(69)		(497)		(123)		Net (gains) losses reclassified to earnings	27		(7)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(5)		9		18		21		Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	1		16
Balance at end of period	Balance at end of period	$	6	$	(23)	$	6	$	(23)	Balance at end of period	$	22	$	4

Total Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period	Total Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period	$	(1,284)	$	(759)	$	(1,284)	$	(759)	Total Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of period	$	(1,004)	$	(750)

2120

UNAUDITED

6.Segment Information

A. Basis for Segment Information

~~We report information internally~~The Chief Operating Decision Maker (the CEO) allocates resources and manages performance for our six operating segments ~~based on management responsibility.~~described as follows. Our operating segments provide financing alternatives to customers and dealers around the world for Caterpillar products and services and ~~vehicles,~~ power generation facilities ~~and marine vessels~~ that, in most cases, incorporate Caterpillar products. Financing ~~products~~plans include operating and finance leases, retail loans, working capital loans to Caterpillar dealers and wholesale financing plans within each of the operating segments. Certain operating segments also purchase short-term trade receivables from Caterpillar.

B. Description of Segments

We have six operating segments that offer financing services. Following is a brief description of our segments:

•North America - Includes our operations in the United States and Canada.

•EAME - Includes our operations in Europe, Africa, the Middle East and the Commonwealth of Independent States.

•Asia/Pacific - Includes our operations in Australia, New Zealand, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India.

•Latin America - Includes our operations in Mexico and Central and South American countries.

•Mining - Provides financing for large mining customers worldwide.

•~~Caterpillar~~ Power Finance - Provides financing worldwide ~~for marine vessels with Caterpillar engines and~~ for Caterpillar electrical power generation, gas compression and co-generation systems and non-Caterpillar equipment that is powered by these systems.

C. Segment Measurement and Reconciliations

Cash, debt and other expenses are allocated to our segments based on their respective portfolios. The related Interest expense is calculated based on the amount of allocated debt and the rates associated with that debt. The performance of each segment is assessed based on a consistent leverage ratio. The Provision for credit losses is based on each segment’s respective finance receivable portfolio. Capital expenditures include expenditures for equipment on operating leases and other miscellaneous capital expenditures.

Reconciling items are created based on accounting differences between segment reporting and consolidated external reporting. For the reconciliation of Profit before income taxes, we have grouped the reconciling items as follows:

•Unallocated - This item is related to corporate requirements and strategies that are considered to be for the benefit of the entire organization. Also included are the consolidated results of the special purpose corporation (see Note 7 for additional information) and other miscellaneous items.

•Timing - Timing differences in the recognition of costs between segment reporting and consolidated external reporting.

•Methodology - Methodology differences between segment reporting and consolidated external reporting are as follows:

◦Segment assets include off-balance sheet managed assets for which we maintain servicing responsibilities.

◦The impact of differences between the actual leverage and the segment leverage ratios.

◦Interest expense includes realized forward points on foreign currency forward contracts.

◦The net gain or loss from interest rate derivatives is excluded from segment reporting.

2221

UNAUDITED

Supplemental segment data and reconciliations to consolidated external reporting for the three months ended ~~September 30~~March 31 was as follows:


(Millions of dollars) 2022		External Revenues		Profit before income taxes		Interest Expense		Depreciation on equipment leased to others		Provision for credit losses		Assets at September 30, 2022		Capital expenditures
(Millions of dollars) 2023																(Millions of dollars) 2023	External Revenues		Profit before income taxes		Interest Expense		Depreciation on equipment leased to others		Provision for credit losses		Assets at March 31, 2023		Capital expenditures
North America	North America	$	383	$	150	$	69	$	126	$	(5)	$	15,014	$	205	North America	$	418	$	149	$	95	$	123	$	5	$	15,208	$	222
EAME	EAME	72		—		27		13		7		4,724		45		EAME	84		26		21		14		—		5,194		24
Asia/Pacific	Asia/Pacific	70		33		19		1		1		3,705		3		Asia/Pacific	70		34		23		1		(1)		3,851		1
Latin America	Latin America	75		31		37		3		(8)		2,539		3		Latin America	82		19		40		3		6		2,719		3
Mining	Mining	72		21		11		35		(4)		2,553		36		Mining	88		34		15		32		(1)		2,685		23
Caterpillar Power Finance		11		12		5		1		(7)		738		—
Power Finance																Power Finance	14		5		6		1		—		684		—
Total Segments	Total Segments	683		247		168		179		(16)		29,273		292		Total Segments	756		267		200		174		9		30,341		273
Unallocated	Unallocated	10		(80)		53		—		—		1,762		2		Unallocated	15		(110)		76		—		—		1,816		5
Timing	Timing	(3)		—		—		—		—		18		—		Timing	(3)		—		—		—		—		19		—
Methodology	Methodology	—		21		(70)		—		—		582		—		Methodology	—		47		(59)		—		—		192		—
Inter-segment Eliminations (1)	Inter-segment Eliminations (1)	—		—		—		—		—		(152)		—		Inter-segment Eliminations (1)	—		—		—		—		—		(162)		—
Total	Total	$	690	$	188	$	151	$	179	$	(16)	$	31,483	$	294	Total	$	768	$	204	$	217	$	174	$	9	$	32,206	$	278

2021		External Revenues		Profit before income taxes		Interest Expense		Depreciation on equipment leased to others		Provision for credit losses		Assets at December 31, 2021		Capital expenditures
2022																2022	External Revenues		Profit before income taxes		Interest Expense		Depreciation on equipment leased to others		Provision for credit losses		Assets at December 31, 2022		Capital expenditures
North America	North America	$	349	$	94	$	62	$	138	$	10	$	15,755	$	236	North America	$	359	$	127	$	54	$	128	$	6	$	15,229	$	199
EAME	EAME	69		26		6		15		—		5,192		40		EAME	67		—		7		14		26		5,067		14
Asia/Pacific	Asia/Pacific	78		33		18		1		7		4,117		4		Asia/Pacific	75		37		17		1		1		3,921		2
Latin America	Latin America	52		(19)		19		2		40		2,405		1		Latin America	58		19		26		2		(1)		2,636		2
Mining	Mining	73		22		8		34		2		2,672		28		Mining	72		20		8		38		(2)		2,700		22
Caterpillar Power Finance		13		4		3		1		—		957		—
Power Finance																Power Finance	19		15		3		1		(3)		704		—
Total Segments	Total Segments	634		160		116		191		59		31,098		309		Total Segments	650		218		115		184		27		30,257		239
Unallocated	Unallocated	3		(71)		43		—		—		1,458		2		Unallocated	5		(72)		42		—		—		1,628		2
Timing	Timing	(3)		2		—		—		—		15		—		Timing	(3)		1		—		—		—		18		—
Methodology	Methodology	—		40		(49)		—		—		18		—		Methodology	—		46		(51)		—		—		278		—
Inter-segment Eliminations (1)	Inter-segment Eliminations (1)	—		—		—		—		—		(202)		—		Inter-segment Eliminations (1)	—		—		—		—		—		(224)		—
Total	Total	$	634	$	131	$	110	$	191	$	59	$	32,387	$	311	Total	$	652	$	193	$	106	$	184	$	27	$	31,957	$	241

(1) Elimination is primarily related to intercompany loans

~~UNAUDITED~~

~~Supplemental segment data and reconciliations to consolidated external reporting for the nine months ended September 30 was as follows:~~

(Millions of dollars)

2022
External
Revenues Profit
before
income
taxes Interest
Expense Depreciation
on equipment
leased to
others Provision
for
credit
losses Assets at
September 30,
2022 Capital
expenditures
North America $ 1,112 $ 411 $ 181 $ 381 $ 11 $ 15,014 $ 652
EAME 207 5 45 41 49 4,724 101
Asia/Pacific 216 104 55 4 5 3,705 6
Latin America 204 65 98 7 (3) 2,539 21
Mining 218 66 29 109 (14) 2,553 83
Caterpillar Power Finance 41 35 10 2 (14) 738 —
Total Segments 1,998 686 418 544 34 29,273 863
Unallocated 21 (222) 138 — — 1,762 6
Timing (9) 3 — — — 18 —
Methodology — 113 (179) — — 582 —
Inter-segment Eliminations (1)
— — — — — (152) —
Total $ 2,010 $ 580 $ 377 $ 544 $ 34 $ 31,483 $ 869
2021 External
Revenues Profit
before
income
taxes Interest
Expense Depreciation
on equipment
leased to
others Provision
for
credit
losses Assets at
December 31,
2021 Capital
expenditures
North America $ 1,044 $ 295 $ 195 $ 409 $ 14 $ 15,755 $ 680
EAME 204 50 16 45 28 5,192 67
Asia/Pacific 263 133 66 5 7 4,117 9
Latin America 149 15 48 6 47 2,405 9
Mining 215 79 28 103 (17) 2,672 128
Caterpillar Power Finance 40 34 10 2 (19) 957 —
Total Segments 1,915 606 363 570 60 31,098 893
Unallocated 12 (218) 138 — — 1,458 6
Timing (8) 5 — — — 15 —
Methodology — 123 (150) — — 18 —
Inter-segment Eliminations (1)
— — — — — (202) —
Total $ 1,919 $ 516 $ 351 $ 570 $ 60 $ 32,387 $ 899

~~(1)~~ ~~Elimination is primarily related to intercompany loans.~~

7.Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

Guarantees

We provide credit guarantees and residual value guarantees to third parties for financing and leasing associated with Caterpillar machinery. In addition, we provide standby letters of credit issued to third parties on behalf of our customers. These guarantees and standby letters of credit have varying terms and beneficiaries and are generally secured by customer assets.

No significant loss has been experienced or is anticipated under any of these guarantees. At ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the related recorded liability was less than $1 million. The maximum potential amount of future payments (undiscounted and without reduction for any amounts that may possibly be recovered under recourse or collateralized provisions) we could be required to make under the guarantees was ~~$25~~$24 million and ~~$36~~$26 million at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

2422

UNAUDITED

We provide guarantees to purchase certain loans of Caterpillar dealers from a special-purpose corporation (SPC) that qualifies as a VIE. The purpose of the SPC is to provide short-term working capital loans to Caterpillar dealers. This SPC issues commercial paper and uses the proceeds to fund its loan program. We receive a fee for providing this guarantee. We are the primary beneficiary of the SPC as our guarantees result in us having both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the SPC’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses and therefore we have consolidated the financial statements of the SPC. As of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the SPC’s assets of ~~$1.09~~$1.13 billion and ~~$888~~$971 million, respectively, were primarily comprised of loans to dealers, which are included in Finance receivables, net in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, and the SPC’s liabilities of ~~$1.09~~$1.13 billion and ~~$888~~$970 million, respectively, were primarily comprised of commercial paper, which is included in Short-term borrowings in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position. The assets of the SPC are not available to pay our creditors. We may be obligated to perform under the guarantee if the SPC experiences losses. No loss has been experienced or is anticipated under this loan purchase agreement.

Litigation and claims

We are involved in unresolved legal actions that arise in the normal course of business. Although it is not possible to predict with certainty the outcome of our unresolved legal actions, we believe that these unresolved legal actions will neither individually nor in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial position or liquidity.

8.Fair Value Measurements

A.Fair Value Measurements

The guidance on fair value measurements defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. This guidance also specifies a fair value hierarchy based upon the observability of inputs used in valuation techniques. Observable inputs (highest level) reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs (lowest level) reflect internally developed market assumptions. In accordance with this guidance, fair value measurements are classified under the following hierarchy:

•Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

•Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs or significant value-drivers are observable in active markets.

•Level 3 – Model-derived valuations in which one or more significant inputs or significant value-drivers are unobservable.

When available, we use quoted market prices to determine fair value and we classify such measurements within Level 1. In some cases where market prices are not available, we make use of observable market-based inputs to calculate fair value, in which case the measurements are classified within Level 2. If quoted or observable market prices are not available, fair value is based upon valuations in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable, including internally developed models that use, where possible, current market-based parameters such as interest rates, yield curves and currency rates. These measurements are classified within Level 3.

We classify fair value measurements according to the lowest level input or value-driver that is significant to the valuation. We may therefore classify a measurement within Level 3 even though there may be significant inputs that are readily observable.

Fair value measurement includes the consideration of nonperformance risk. Nonperformance risk refers to the risk that an obligation (either by a counterparty or us) will not be fulfilled. For financial assets traded in an active market, the nonperformance risk is included in the market price. For certain other financial assets and liabilities, our fair value calculations have been adjusted accordingly.

Derivative financial instruments

The fair value of interest rate contracts is primarily based on a standard industry accepted valuation model that utilizes the appropriate market-based forward swap curves and zero-coupon interest rates to determine discounted cash flows. The fair value of foreign currency forward and cross currency contracts is based on standard industry accepted valuation models that discount cash flows resulting from the differential between the contract price and the market-based forward rate.

2523

UNAUDITED

Derivative financial instruments are measured on a recurring basis at fair value and are classified as Level 2 measurements. We had derivative financial instruments included in our Consolidated Statements of Financial Position in a net asset position of ~~$627~~$118 million and ~~$125~~$218 million as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

See Note 4 for additional information.

Loans measured at fair value

Certain loans are subject to measurement at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and are classified as Level 3 measurements. A loan is measured at fair value when management determines that collection of contractual amounts due is not probable and the loan is individually evaluated. In these cases, an allowance for credit losses may be established based either on the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the receivables’ effective interest rate, the fair value of the collateral for collateral-dependent receivables or the observable market price of the receivable. In determining collateral value, we estimate the current fair market value of the collateral less selling costs. We had loans carried at fair value of ~~$90~~$61 million and ~~$100~~$68 million as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

B.Fair Values of Financial Instruments

Cash and cash equivalents, ~~Restricted~~restricted cash and cash equivalents (included in Other Assets in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position) and Short-term borrowings are classified as Level 1 measurements and carrying amount approximates fair value. We use the following methods and assumptions to estimate the fair value of our financial instruments not carried at fair value:

Finance receivables, net – we estimate fair value by discounting the future cash flows using current rates representative of receivables with similar remaining maturities.

Long-term debt – we estimate fair value for fixed and floating-rate debt based on quoted market prices.

~~Fair values of our financial~~Financial instruments not carried at fair value were as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021						(Millions of dollars)	March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Fair Value Levels	Reference		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Fair Value Levels	Reference
Assets	Assets											Assets
Finance receivables, net (excluding finance leases(1))	Finance receivables, net (excluding finance leases(1))	$	18,657	$	18,038	$	19,068	$	19,047	3	Note 3	Finance receivables, net (excluding finance leases(1))	$	19,760	$	19,181	$	19,085	$	18,448	3	Note 3
Liabilities	Liabilities											Liabilities
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	$	22,724	$	21,886	$	22,594	$	22,797	2		Long-term debt	$	21,602	$	21,066	$	21,418	$	20,686	2

(1) Represents finance leases and failed sale leasebacks of ~~$7.12~~$7.23 billion and ~~$8.11~~$7.36 billion as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively.

9.Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes reflected an estimated annual tax rate of 2726 percent in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, compared with 2425 percent in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021. The increase in the estimated annual tax rate was primarily due to changes in the geographic mix of profits.~~2022.

2624

UNAUDITED

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report and our discussion of significant risks to the company’s business under Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors of the ~~2021~~2022 Form 10-K.

OVERVIEW

We reported ~~third-quarter 2022~~first-quarter 2023 revenues of ~~$690~~$768 million, an increase of ~~$56~~$116 million, or 918 percent, compared with ~~$634~~$652 million in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021. Third-quarter 2022~~2022. First-quarter 2023 profit was ~~$131~~$149 million, an increase of ~~$30~~$6 million, or 304 percent, compared with ~~$101~~$143 million in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. The increase in revenues was primarily due to a ~~$63~~$123 million favorable impact from higher average financing rates.

~~Third-quarter 2022~~First-quarter 2023 profit before income taxes was ~~$188~~$204 million, an increase of ~~$57~~$11 million, or 446 percent, compared with ~~$131~~$193 million in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. The increase was mainly due to a ~~$75~~$20 million increase in net yield on average earning assets and an $18 million favorable impact from a lower provision for credit ~~losses,~~losses. These favorable impacts were partially offset by a ~~$25~~$13 million unfavorable impact from currency exchange losses and a $9 million unfavorable impact from mark-to-market adjustments on derivative contracts.

During the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, retail new business volume was ~~$2.73~~$2.46 billion, a decrease of ~~$617~~$315 million, or 1811 percent, ~~from~~compared with $2.78 billion in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. The decrease was primarily driven by lower volume ~~across all segments with the exception of an increase~~ in ~~Latin America.~~North America and Asia/Pacific, partially offset by increases in Power Finance and Mining.

At the end of the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, past dues were 2.00 percent, compared with ~~2.41~~2.05 percent at the end of the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021. Past dues decreased across all our portfolio segments, with the exception of an increase in Latin America.~~2022. Write-offs, net of recoveries, were ~~$13~~$10 million for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, compared with ~~$76~~$8 million for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, the allowance for credit losses totaled ~~$339~~$348 million, or ~~1.30~~1.27 percent of finance receivables, compared with ~~$376~~$346 million, or ~~1.41~~1.29 percent of finance receivables at ~~June 30,~~December 31, 2022. ~~The allowance for credit losses at year-end 2021 was $337 million, or 1.22 percent of finance receivables.~~

Global Business Conditions

Caterpillar continues to monitor a variety of external factors around the world, such as supply chain disruptions, inflationary cost and labor pressures. We are monitoring the potential downstream impacts from these factors on our business, while remaining focused on portfolio health and continuing to provide qualified customers and dealers with new loans and leases to support their current and future business needs.

We continue to closely monitor the events in Russia and Ukraine and have evaluated our exposure in these countries.

2725

UNAUDITED

~~THIRD~~FIRST QUARTER ~~2022~~2023 COMPARED WITH ~~THIRD~~FIRST QUARTER ~~2021~~2022

Consolidated Total Revenues

The chart above graphically illustrates reasons for the change in consolidated total revenues between ~~third~~first quarter ~~2021~~2022 (at left) and ~~third~~first quarter ~~2022~~2023 (at right). Items favorably impacting total revenues appear as upward stair steps with corresponding dollar amounts above each bar, while items negatively impacting total revenues appear as downward stair steps with dollar amounts reflected in parentheses above each bar. Management utilizes these charts internally to visually communicate results.

Retail revenue for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$312~~$340 million, an increase of ~~$15~~$50 million from the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. The increase was due to a ~~$24~~$60 million favorable impact from higher interest rates on retail finance receivables, partially offset by a $9$10 million unfavorable impact from lower average earning assets. For the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, retail average earning assets were ~~$22.05~~$21.79 billion, a decrease of ~~$802~~$758 million from the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. The annualized average yield was ~~5.65~~6.24 percent for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, compared with ~~5.20~~5.14 percent for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022.

Operating lease revenue for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$222~~$218 million, a decrease of $7 million from the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. The decrease was primarily due to a ~~$16~~$13 million unfavorable impact from lower average earning assets, partially offset by ~~an $11~~a $6 million favorable impact from higher rental rates on operating leases.

Wholesale revenue for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$117~~$151 million, an increase of ~~$40~~$67 million from the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. The increase was primarily due to a ~~$37~~$61 million favorable impact from higher interest rates on wholesale finance ~~receivables.~~receivables and a $6 million favorable impact from higher average earning assets. For the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, wholesale average earning assets were ~~$4.37~~$4.94 billion, an increase of ~~$132~~$312 million from the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. The annualized average yield was ~~10.63~~12.21 percent for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, compared with ~~7.24~~7.25 percent for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022.

Other revenue, net items were as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended September 30,						(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021		Change			2023		2022		Change

Net gain on returned or repossessed equipment	Net gain on returned or repossessed equipment	$	16	$	11	$	5	Net gain on returned or repossessed equipment	$	32	$	30	$	2
Finance receivable and operating lease fees (including late charges)	Finance receivable and operating lease fees (including late charges)	14		14		—		Finance receivable and operating lease fees (including late charges)	16		15		1
Interest income on Notes receivable from Caterpillar	Interest income on Notes receivable from Caterpillar	5		3		2		Interest income on Notes receivable from Caterpillar	5		4		1
Miscellaneous other revenue, net	Miscellaneous other revenue, net	4		3		1		Miscellaneous other revenue, net	6		4		2
Total Other revenue, net	Total Other revenue, net	$	39	$	31	$	8	Total Other revenue, net	$	59	$	53	$	6

There was ~~a $16~~an $11 million unfavorable impact from currency on revenues in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~2023. Currency represents the net translation impact resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar and is included in all financial statement line items and each of the items included in the above analysis.

2826

UNAUDITED

Consolidated Profit Before Income Taxes

(1) Analysis excludes $3 million and $5$4 million in offsetting revenues and expenses for property taxes on operating leases for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022.

The chart above graphically illustrates reasons for the change in consolidated profit before income taxes between ~~third~~first quarter ~~2021~~2022 (at left) and ~~third~~first quarter ~~2022~~2023 (at right). Items favorably impacting profit before income taxes appear as upward stair steps with corresponding dollar amounts above each bar, while items negatively impacting profit before income taxes appear as downward stair steps with dollar amounts reflected in parentheses above each bar. Management utilizes these charts internally to visually communicate results.

~~Third-quarter 2022~~First-quarter 2023 profit before income taxes was ~~$188~~$204 million, an increase of ~~$57~~$11 million, or 446 percent, compared with ~~$131~~$193 million for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021.~~2022. The increase was mainly due to a ~~$75~~$20 million increase in net yield on average earning assets and an $18 million favorable impact from a lower provision for credit ~~losses,~~losses. These favorable impacts were partially offset by a ~~$25~~$13 million unfavorable impact from currency exchange losses and a $9 million unfavorable impact from mark-to-market adjustments on derivative contracts.

There was a $1$5 million unfavorable impact from currency on profit before income taxes in the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~2023. Currency represents the net translation impact resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar and is included in all financial statement line items and each of the items included in the above analysis.

Provision for Income Taxes

~~UNAUDITED~~

~~NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2022 VS. NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021~~

~~Consolidated Total Revenues~~

The chart above graphically illustrates reasons for the change in consolidated total revenues between September YTD 2021 (at left) and September YTD 2022 (at right). Items favorably impacting total revenues appear as upward stair steps with corresponding dollar amounts above each bar, while items negatively impacting total revenues appear as downward stair steps with dollar amounts reflected in parentheses above each bar. Management utilizes these charts internally to visually communicate results.

Retail revenue for the first nine months of both 2022 and 2021 was $903 million. There was a $19 million favorable impact from higher interest rates on retail finance receivables, offset by a $19 million unfavorable impact from lower average earning assets. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, retail average earning assets were $22.32 billion, a decrease of $484 million from the same period in 2021. The annualized average yield was 5.39 percent for the first nine months of 2022, compared with 5.28 percent for the same period in 2021.

Operating lease revenue for the first nine months of 2022 was $671 million, a decrease of $40 million from the same period in 2021. The decrease was primarily due to a $49 million unfavorable impact from lower average earning assets, partially offset by a $12 million favorable impact from higher rental rates on operating leases.

Wholesale revenue for the first nine months of 2022 was $300 million, an increase of $63 million from the same period in 2021. The increase was due to a $51 million favorable impact from higher interest rates on wholesale finance receivables and a $12 million favorable impact from higher average earning assets. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, wholesale average earning assets were $4.44 billion, an increase of $208 million from the same period in 2021. The annualized average yield was 9.00 percent for the first nine months of 2022, compared with 7.45 percent for the same period in 2021.

~~Other revenue, net items were as follows:~~

(Millions of dollars)

Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2022 2021 Change
Net gain on returned or repossessed equipment $ 67 $ 8 $ 59
Finance receivable and operating lease fees (including late charges) 44 42 2
Interest income on Notes receivable from Caterpillar 13 10 3
Miscellaneous other revenue, net 12 8 4
Total Other revenue, net $ 136 $ 68 $ 68

There was a $29 million unfavorable impact from currency on revenues in the first nine months of 2022. Currency represents the net translation impact resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar and is included in all financial statement line items and each of the items included in the above analysis.

~~UNAUDITED~~

~~Consolidated Profit Before Income Taxes~~

~~(1) Analysis excludes $11 million and $14 million in offsetting revenues and expenses for property taxes on operating leases for September YTD 2022 and 2021, respectively.~~

The chart above graphically illustrates reasons for the change in consolidated profit before income taxes between September YTD 2021 (at left) and September YTD 2022 (at right). Items favorably impacting profit before income taxes appear as upward stair steps with corresponding dollar amounts above each bar, while items negatively impacting profit before income taxes appear as downward stair steps with dollar amounts reflected in parentheses above each bar. Management utilizes these charts internally to visually communicate results.

Profit before income taxes was $580 million for the first nine months of 2022, an increase of $64 million, or 12 percent, compared with $516 million for the same period in 2021. The increase was primarily due to a $59 million favorable impact from returned or repossessed equipment and a $26 million favorable impact from a lower provision for credit losses, partially offset by an $18 million unfavorable impact from an increase in GO&A expenses.

There was an $9 million unfavorable impact from currency on profit before income taxes in the first nine months of 2022. Currency represents the net translation impact resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar and is included in all financial statement line items and each of the items included in the above analysis.

~~Provision for Income Taxes~~

~~The provision for income taxes reflected an estimated annual tax rate of~~ 27 percent for the first nine months of 2022, compared with 24 percent for the same period in 2021. The increase in the estimated annual tax rate was primarily due to changes in the geographic mix of profits.

UNAUDITED

Finance Receivables and Equipment on Operating Leases

New Business Volume


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	Nine Months Ended September 30,						(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2022		2021		Change			2023		2022		Change
New retail financing	New retail financing	$	7,721	$	8,765	$	(1,044)	New retail financing	$	2,190	$	2,536	$	(346)
New operating lease activity	New operating lease activity	878		910		(32)		New operating lease activity	274		243		31
New wholesale financing	New wholesale financing	34,773		29,662		5,111		New wholesale financing	13,306		10,743		2,563
Total	Total	$	43,372	$	39,337	$	4,035	Total	$	15,770	$	13,522	$	2,248

New retail financing decreased primarily due to lower volume ~~across all segments~~in North America and Asia/Pacific, partially offset with ~~the exception~~increases in Power Finance and Mining. New operating lease activity increased due to higher rentals of ~~an increase in Latin America.~~Cat equipment. New wholesale financing increased primarily due to higher purchases of trade receivables from Caterpillar.

Total Managed Portfolio

We define total portfolio as Finance receivables, net plus Equipment on operating leases, net. We also manage and service receivables and leases that have been sold by us to third parties with limited or no recourse in order to mitigate our concentration of credit risk with certain customers. These assets are not available to pay our creditors. Total managed portfolio was as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		Change		(Millions of dollars)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022		Change
Finance receivables, net	Finance receivables, net	$	25,772	$	27,177	$	(1,405)	Finance receivables, net	$	26,988	$	26,441	$	547
Equipment on operating leases, net	Equipment on operating leases, net	2,916		3,123		(207)		Equipment on operating leases, net	2,890		2,911		(21)
Total portfolio	Total portfolio	$	28,688	$	30,300	$	(1,612)	Total portfolio	$	29,878	$	29,352	$	526

Retail loans, net	Retail loans, net	$	69	$	107	$	(38)	Retail loans, net	$	82	$	68	$	14
Retail leases, net	Retail leases, net	27		19		8		Retail leases, net	21		23		(2)
Operating leases	Operating leases	23		23		—		Operating leases	20		21		(1)
Total off-balance sheet managed assets	Total off-balance sheet managed assets	$	119	$	149	$	(30)	Total off-balance sheet managed assets	$	123	$	112	$	11

Total managed portfolio	Total managed portfolio	$	28,807	$	30,449	$	(1,642)	Total managed portfolio	$	30,001	$	29,464	$	537

Total Portfolio Metrics

At the end of the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, past dues were 2.00 percent, compared with ~~2.41~~2.05 percent at the end of the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021. Past dues decreased across all our portfolio segments, with the exception of an increase in Latin America.~~2022. Total non-performing finance receivables, which represent finance receivables currently on non-accrual status, were ~~$262~~$253 million and ~~$288~~$234 million at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. Total non-performing finance receivables as a percentage of our finance receivables were ~~1.00 percent and 1.05~~less than 1 percent at ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 and December 31, ~~2021, respectively.~~2022.

Our allowance for credit losses as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 was ~~$339~~$348 million, or ~~1.30~~1.27 percent of finance receivables, compared with ~~$337~~$346 million, or ~~1.22~~1.29 percent, as of December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The allowance is subject to an ongoing evaluation based on many quantitative and qualitative factors, including past loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, estimated value of underlying collateral and economic forecasts. We believe our allowance is sufficient to provide for losses over the remaining life of our finance receivable portfolio as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

3228

UNAUDITED

CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY

Maintaining and managing adequate capital and liquidity resources includes management of funding sources and their utilization based on current, future and contingent needs. Throughout the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, we experienced favorable liquidity conditions. We ended the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 with ~~$761~~$675 million of cash, ~~an increase~~a decrease of ~~$151~~$193 million from year-end ~~2021.~~2022. Our cash balances are held in numerous locations throughout the world with approximately ~~$640~~$634 million held by our non-U.S. subsidiaries, including ~~$142~~$169 million in Russia which is currently subject to local government restrictions that substantially limit transfer outside of the country. We expect to meet our U.S. funding needs without repatriating undistributed profits that are indefinitely reinvested outside the U.S.

BORROWINGS

Borrowings consist primarily of medium-term notes and commercial paper, the combination of which is used to manage interest rate risk and funding requirements.

We receive debt ratings from the major credit rating agencies. Moody’s, Fitch and S&P maintain a “mid-A” debt rating. A downgrade of our credit ratings by any of the major credit rating agencies ~~would~~could result in increased borrowing costs and could make access to certain credit markets more difficult. In the event economic conditions deteriorate such that access to debt markets becomes unavailable, we would rely on cash flows from our existing portfolio, existing cash balances, access to our committed credit facilities and other credit line facilities, and potential borrowings from Caterpillar. In addition, Caterpillar maintains a support agreement with us, which requires Caterpillar to remain our sole owner and may, under certain circumstances, require Caterpillar to make payments to us should we fail to maintain certain financial ratios.

Total borrowings outstanding as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 were ~~$26.95~~$27.47 billion, ~~a decrease~~an increase of ~~$1.07 billion~~$71 million from December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Outstanding borrowings were as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		(Millions of dollars)	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Medium-term notes, net	Medium-term notes, net	$	22,263	$	22,246	Medium-term notes, net	$	20,852	$	20,672
Commercial paper, net of unamortized discount	Commercial paper, net of unamortized discount	3,723		4,896		Commercial paper, net of unamortized discount	5,289		5,455
Bank borrowings and other – long-term	Bank borrowings and other – long-term	461		348		Bank borrowings and other – long-term	750		746
Bank borrowings and other – short-term	Bank borrowings and other – short-term	221		213		Bank borrowings and other – short-term	301		234
Variable denomination floating rate demand notes	Variable denomination floating rate demand notes	255		286		Variable denomination floating rate demand notes	251		265
Notes payable to Caterpillar	Notes payable to Caterpillar	22		22		Notes payable to Caterpillar	23		23
Total outstanding borrowings	Total outstanding borrowings	$	26,945	$	28,011	Total outstanding borrowings	$	27,466	$	27,395

Medium-term notes

We issue medium-term unsecured notes through securities dealers or underwriters in the U.S., ~~Canada,~~ Europe, ~~Australia, Japan, Hong Kong,~~ and ~~China to both retail and institutional investors.~~other international capital markets. These notes are offered in several currencies and with a variety of maturities. These notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company. Medium-term notes issued totaled ~~$5.25~~$1.50 billion and redeemed totaled ~~$5.10~~$1.35 billion for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023. Medium-term notes, net outstanding as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 mature as follows:


(Millions of dollars)	(Millions of dollars)			(Millions of dollars)
2022		$	2,369
2023	2023	5,630		2023	$	4,280
2024	2024	7,229		2024	7,250
2025	2025	3,658		2025	5,008
2026	2026	1,551		2026	2,450
2027				2027	1,946
Thereafter	Thereafter	1,945		Thereafter	1
Fair value adjustments	Fair value adjustments	(119)		Fair value adjustments	(83)
Total	Total	$	22,263	Total	$	20,852

3329

UNAUDITED

Commercial paper

We issue unsecured commercial paper in the U.S., Europe and other international capital markets. These short-term promissory notes are issued on a discounted basis and are payable at maturity. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, there was ~~$3.72~~$5.29 billion outstanding in commercial paper.

Revolving credit facilities

As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, we had three global credit facilities with a syndicate of banks totaling $10.50 billion (Credit Facility) available in the aggregate to both Caterpillar and us for general liquidity purposes. Based on management’s allocation decision, which can be revised from time to time, the portion of the Credit Facility available to us as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 was $7.75 billion. Information on our Credit Facility is as follows:

•~~In September 2022, we entered into a new 364-day facility.~~ The 364-day facility of $3.15 billion (of which $2.33 billion is available to us) expires in August 2023.

•~~In September 2022, we~~The three-year facility, as amended and restated ~~the three-year facility (as amended and restated, the "three-year facility"). The three-year facility~~in September 2022, of $2.73 billion (of which $2.01 billion is available to us) expires in ~~September~~August 2025.

•~~In September 2022, we~~The five-year facility, as amended and restated ~~the five-year facility (as amended and restated, the "five-year facility"). The five-year facility~~in September 2022, of $4.62 billion (of which $3.41 billion is available to us) expires in September 2027.

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, Caterpillar’s consolidated net worth was ~~$15.69~~$18.21 billion, which was above the $9.00 billion required under the Credit Facility. The consolidated net worth is defined in the Credit Facility as the consolidated shareholders’ equity including preferred stock but excluding the pension and other postretirement benefits balance within Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, our covenant interest coverage ratio was ~~2.59~~2.15 to 1. This was above the 1.15 to 1 minimum ratio, calculated as (1) profit excluding income taxes, interest expense and net gain (loss) from interest rate derivatives to (2) interest expense, calculated at the end of each calendar quarter for the rolling four quarter period then most recently ended, required by the Credit Facility.

In addition, at ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, our six-month covenant leverage ratio was ~~7.03~~7.16 to 1. This was below the maximum ratio of debt to net worth of 10 to 1, calculated (1) on a monthly basis as the average of the leverage ratios determined on the last day of each of the six preceding calendar months and (2) at each December 31, required by the Credit Facility.

In the event that either Caterpillar or we do not meet one or more of our respective financial covenants under the Credit Facility in the future (and are unable to obtain a consent or waiver), the syndicate of banks may terminate the commitments allocated to the party that does not meet its covenants. Additionally, in such event, certain of our other lenders under other loan agreements where similar financial covenants or cross default provisions are applicable, may, at their election, choose to pursue remedies under those loan agreements, including accelerating the repayment of outstanding borrowings. At ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, there were no borrowings under the Credit Facility.

Bank borrowings

Available credit lines with banks as of ~~September 30, 2022~~March 31, 2023 totaled ~~$3.18~~$3.57 billion. These committed and uncommitted credit lines, which may be eligible for renewal at various future dates or have no specified expiration date, are used primarily by our non-U.S. subsidiaries for local funding requirements. We may guarantee subsidiary borrowings under these lines. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, we had ~~$681 million~~$1.05 billion outstanding against these credit lines and were in compliance with all debt covenants under these credit lines. ~~The remaining available credit commitments may be withdrawn any time at the lenders’ discretion.~~

Variable denomination floating rate demand notes

We obtain funding from the sale of variable denomination floating rate demand notes, which may be redeemed at any time at the option of the holder without any material restriction. We do not hold reserves to fund the payment of the demand notes. The notes are offered on a continuous basis. As of ~~September 30, 2022,~~March 31, 2023, there were ~~$255~~$251 million of variable denomination floating rate demand notes outstanding. The maximum amount of variable denomination floating rate demand notes that we may have outstanding at any time may not exceed $1.25 billion.

3430

UNAUDITED

Notes receivable from/payable to Caterpillar

Under our variable amount and term lending agreements and other notes receivable with Caterpillar, we may borrow up to ~~$2.37~~$2.38 billion from Caterpillar and Caterpillar may borrow up to $1.75 billion from us. The variable amount lending agreements are in effect for indefinite periods of time and may be changed or terminated by either party with 30 days notice. The term lending agreements have remaining maturities ranging up to ten years. We had notes payable of ~~$22~~$23 million and notes receivable of ~~$495~~$521 million outstanding under these agreements as of ~~September 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We are a party to certain off-balance sheet arrangements, primarily in the form of guarantees. Please refer to Note 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

CASH FLOWS

Operating cash flow was ~~$1.02 billion~~$253 million in the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022,~~2023, compared with ~~$936~~$322 million for the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. Net cash ~~provided by~~used for investing activities was ~~$44~~$397 million ~~for~~in the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022,~~2023, compared with ~~net cash used of $425~~$133 million for the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. The change was primarily due to portfolio related activity. Net cash used for financing activities was ~~$872~~$43 million ~~for~~in the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2022,~~2023, compared with ~~$289~~$142 million for the same period in ~~2021.~~2022. The change was primarily due to ~~lower~~higher portfolio funding requirements related to Caterpillar purchased receivables.

RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

For a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements, see Part I, Item 1. Note 2 - New Accounting Pronouncements.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

For a discussion of the Company’s critical accounting estimates, see Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our ~~2021~~2022 Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting estimates since our ~~2021~~2022 Form 10-K.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Certain statements in this Form 10-Q relate to future events and expectations and are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Words such as “believe,” “estimate,” “will be,” “will,” “would,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “project,” “intend,” “could,” “should” or other similar words or expressions often identify forward-looking statements. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements regarding our outlook, projections, forecasts, trend descriptions. These statements do not guarantee future performance and speak only as of the date they are made, and we do not undertake to update our forward-looking statements.

Cat Financial’s actual results may differ materially from those described or implied in our forward-looking statements based on a number of factors, including, but not limited to: (i) disruptions or volatility in global financial markets limiting our sources of liquidity or the liquidity of our customers, dealers and suppliers; (ii) failure to maintain our credit ratings and potential resulting increases to our cost of borrowing and adverse effects on our cost of funds, liquidity, competitive position and access to capital markets; (iii) changes in interest rates, currency fluctuations or market liquidity conditions; (iv) an increase in delinquencies, repossessions or net losses of our customers; (v) residual values of leased equipment; (vi) our compliance with financial and other restrictive covenants in debt agreements; (vii) government monetary or fiscal policies; (viii) political and economic risks, commercial instability and events beyond our control in the countries in which we operate; (ix) demand for Caterpillar products; (x) marketing, operational or administrative support received from Caterpillar; (xi) our ability to develop, produce and market quality products that meet our customers’ needs; (xii) information technology security threats and computer crime; (xiii) alleged or actual violations of trade or anti-corruption laws and regulations; (xiv) new regulations or changes in financial services regulations; (xv) additional tax expense or exposure; (xvi) changes in accounting guidance; (xvii) the ongoing global coronavirus pandemic; and (xviii) other factors described in more detail under the section entitled “Part I - Item 1A. Risk Factors” of Cat Financial's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, as such factors may be updated from time to time in Cat Financial's periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

3531

UNAUDITED

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and our Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report. Based on that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes to the risk factors we previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

3632

UNAUDITED

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS


Exhibit No.			Description of Exhibit

31.1			Certification of President, Director and Chief Executive Officer of Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2			Certification of Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation, as required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32			Certification of President, Director and Chief Executive Officer of Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation, and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation, as required pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS			Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

101.SCH			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104			Cover Page Interactive File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document and included in Exhibit 101)

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

3733

UNAUDITED

Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		Caterpillar Financial Services Corporation

Date:	~~November 2, 2022~~May 3, 2023	/s/ David T. Walton
		David T. Walton, President, Director and Chief Executive Officer


Date:	~~November 2, 2022~~May 3, 2023	/s/ Kristen R. Covey
		Kristen R. Covey, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


Date:	~~November 2, 2022~~May 3, 2023	/s/ James M. Rooney
		James M. Rooney, Secretary


Date:	~~November 2, 2022~~May 3, 2023	/s/ Sumeet Puri
		Sumeet Puri, Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)

3834


(Millions of dollars)	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022				Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Pre-TDR Amortized Cost		Post-TDR Amortized Cost		Pre-TDR Amortized Cost		Post-TDR Amortized Cost
North America	$	3	$	3	$	1	$	1
EAME	—		—		1		1
Asia/Pacific	—		—		4		4
Mining	15		15		—		—
Latin America	—		—		4		4
Caterpillar Power Finance	11		11		7		3
Total	$	29	$	29	$	17	$	13

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022				Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Pre-TDR Amortized Cost		Post-TDR Amortized Cost		Pre-TDR Amortized Cost		Post-TDR Amortized Cost
North America	$	4	$	4	$	5	$	5
EAME	1		1		1		1
Asia/Pacific	—		—		4		4
Mining	15		15		11		5
Latin America	—		—		10		10
Caterpillar Power Finance	20		19		23		19
Total	$	40	$	39	$	54	$	44