Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
______________________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ý QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________________ to ________________
Commission file number 1-10667
______________________________________________ 
General Motors Financial Company, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
State of Texas 75-2291093
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
801 Cherry Street, Suite 3500, Fort Worth, Texas 76102
(Address of principal executive offices, including Zip Code)
(817) 302-7000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each Exchange on which registered
5.250% Senior Notes due 2026GM/26New York Stock Exchange
Not applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  Q    No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes  Q    No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated fileroAccelerated fileroNon-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)ýSmaller reporting companyoEmerging growth companyo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  o   No  Q 
As of October 23, 2017,July 31, 2019, there were 5,050,000 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, outstanding. All shares of the registrant’s common stock isare owned by General Motors Holdings LLC.LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of General Motors Company.


The registrant is a wholly-owned subsidiary of General Motors Company and meets the conditions set forth in General Instructions H(1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-Q and is therefore filing this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with a reduced disclosure format as permitted by Instruction H(2).

INDEX
  Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       PART II
 
 


Table of Contents
GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

PART I
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts) (Unaudited)(unaudited)
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
ASSETS   
Cash and cash equivalents$3,976
 $2,815
Finance receivables, net (Note 4; Note 8 VIEs)
40,864
 33,475
Leased vehicles, net (Note 5; Note 8 VIEs)
41,775
 34,342
Goodwill1,201
 1,196
Equity in net assets of non-consolidated affiliate (Note 6)
1,119
 944
Related party receivables (Note 3)
339
 347
Other assets (Note 8 VIEs)
4,767
 3,695
Assets held for sale (Note 2)
12,094
 10,951
Total assets$106,135
 $87,765
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY   
Liabilities   
Secured debt (Note 7; Note 8 VIEs)
$40,775
 $35,087
Unsecured debt (Note 7)
38,263
 29,476
Deferred income3,066
 2,355
Related party payables (Note 3)
253
 320
Other liabilities2,449
 2,141
Liabilities held for sale (Note 2)
10,858
 9,693
Total liabilities95,664
 79,072
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)

 
Shareholders' equity   
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized and 5,050,000 shares issued (Note 11)

 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, 250,000,000 shares authorized and 1,000,000 shares issued (Note 11)

 
Additional paid-in capital7,514
 6,505
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 14)
(935) (1,238)
Retained earnings3,892
 3,426
Total shareholders' equity10,471
 8,693
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$106,135
 $87,765
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
ASSETS   
Cash and cash equivalents$3,594
��$4,883
Finance receivables, net (Note 3; Note 7 VIEs)
54,788
 52,512
Leased vehicles, net (Note 4; Note 7 VIEs)
42,938
 43,559
Goodwill1,188
 1,186
Equity in net assets of non-consolidated affiliates (Note 5)
1,446
 1,355
Related party receivables (Note 2)
710
 729
Other assets (Note 7 VIEs)
6,162
 5,696
Total assets$110,826
 $109,920
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY   
Liabilities   
Secured debt (Note 6; Note 7 VIEs)
$41,047
 $42,835
Unsecured debt (Note 6)
50,067
 48,153
Deferred income3,695
 3,605
Related party payables (Note 2)
71
 63
Other liabilities3,561
 3,605
Total liabilities98,441
 98,261
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)

 
Shareholders' equity (Note 10)
   
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share
 
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share
 
Additional paid-in capital8,077
 8,058
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(1,034) (1,066)
Retained earnings5,342
 4,667
Total shareholders' equity12,385
 11,659
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$110,826
 $109,920
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Inin millions) (Unaudited)(unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162019 2018 2019 2018
Revenue              
Finance charge income$837
 $721
 $2,401
 $2,110
$1,008
 $884
 $1,995
 $1,750
Leased vehicle income2,244
 1,582
 6,282
 4,144
2,512
 2,497
 5,021
 4,944
Other income80
 57
 216
 175
119
 107
 243
 205
Total revenue3,161
 2,360
 8,899
 6,429
3,639
 3,488
 7,259
 6,899
Costs and expenses              
Salaries and benefits224
 195
 621
 536
Other operating expenses122
 132
 388
 360
Total operating expenses346
 327
 1,009
 896
Operating expenses377
 382
 747
 747
Leased vehicle expenses1,670
 1,197
 4,648
 3,148
1,637
 1,684
 3,451
 3,471
Provision for loan losses204
 167
 573
 501
Provision for loan losses (Note 3)
179
 128
 354
 264
Interest expense672
 511
 1,903
 1,393
952
 803
 1,899
 1,535
Total costs and expenses2,892
 2,202
 8,133
 5,938
3,145
 2,997
 6,451
 6,017
Equity income (Note 6)
41
 36
 129
 109
Income from continuing operations before income taxes310
 194
 895
 600
Income tax provision (Note 12)
124
 60
 260
 185
Income from continuing operations186
 134
 635
 415
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax (Note 2)
16
 13
 (169) 85
Equity income (Note 5)
42
 45
 87
 97
Income before income taxes536
 536
 895
 979
Income tax provision (Note 11)
133
 94
 221
 168
Net income$202
 $147
 $466
 $500
403
 442
 674
 811
       
Less: cumulative dividends on preferred stock22
 15
 45
 29
Net income attributable to common shareholder$200
 $147
 $464
 $500
$381
 $427
 $629
 $782
       

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Inin millions) (Unaudited)(unaudited)
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Net income$202
 $147
 $466
 $500
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax       
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of income tax benefit of $2, $1, $10 and $3(3) (1) (14) (5)
Defined benefit plans, net of income tax
 
 (1) 
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income tax expense of $21, $0, $30 and $0120
 (10) 318
 60
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax117
 (11) 303
 55
Comprehensive income$319
 $136
 $769
 $555

 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Net income$403
 $442
 $674
 $811
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax (Note 10)
       
Unrealized (loss) gain on hedges, net of income tax benefit of $6, $1, $11 and $1(18) 17
 (33) 18
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of income tax expense (benefit) of $0, $0, $0 and $(1)8
 (245) 65
 (186)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax(10) (228) 32
 (168)
Comprehensive income$393
 $214
 $706
 $643
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWSSHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Inin millions) (Unaudited)(unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
Net cash provided by operating activities - continuing operations$4,795
 $3,566
Net cash provided by operating activities - discontinued operations243
 290
Net cash provided by operating activities5,038
 3,856
Cash flows from investing activities   
Purchases of retail finance receivables, net(15,267) (10,408)
Principal collections and recoveries on retail finance receivables9,410
 7,368
Net funding of commercial finance receivables(1,557) (1,145)
Purchases of leased vehicles, net(14,809) (14,939)
Proceeds from termination of leased vehicles4,649
 1,799
Other investing activities(65) (59)
Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operations(17,639) (17,384)
Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations(468) (949)
Net cash used in investing activities(18,107) (18,333)
Cash flows from financing activities   
Net change in debt (original maturities less than three months)(305) (301)
Borrowings and issuance of secured debt26,731
 18,420
Payments on secured debt(20,905) (12,525)
Borrowings and issuance of unsecured debt12,626
 10,358
Payments on unsecured debt(4,375) (2,345)
Debt issuance costs(131) (112)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock985
 
Net cash provided by financing activities - continuing operations14,626
 13,495
Net cash provided by financing activities - discontinued operations63
 601
Net cash provided by financing activities14,689
 14,096
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash1,620
 (381)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash112
 22
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period5,302
 5,002
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$7,034
 $4,643
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash from continuing operations at end of period$6,469
 $3,918
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash from discontinued operations at end of period$565
 $725
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheet:
 September 30, 2017
Cash and cash equivalents$3,976
Restricted cash included in other assets2,493
Total$6,469
 Common Stock Preferred Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Retained Earnings 
Total
Equity
Balance at January 1, 2018$
 $
 $7,525
 $(768) $3,537
 $10,294
Adoption of accounting standards
 
 
 
 40
 40
Net income
 
 
 
 369
 369
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 60
 
 60
Stock based compensation
 
 16
 
 
 16
Dividends paid
 
 
 
 (30) (30)
Other
 
 
 
 (1) (1)
Balance at March 31, 2018
 
 7,541
 (708) 3,915
 10,748
Net income
 
 
 
 442
 442
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 (228) 
 (228)
Stock based compensation
 
 13
 
 
 13
Other
 
 
 
 1
 1
Balance at June 30, 2018$
 $
 $7,554
 $(936) $4,358
 $10,976
            
Balance at January 1, 2019$
 $
 $8,058
 $(1,066) $4,667
 $11,659
Net income
 
 
 
 271
 271
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 42
 
 42
Stock based compensation
 
 11
 
 
 11
Other
 
 
 
 1
 1
Balance at March 31, 2019
 
 8,069
 (1,024) 4,939
 11,984
Net income
 
 
 
 403
 403
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 (10) 
 (10)
Stock based compensation
 
 8
 
 
 8
Balance at June 30, 2019$
 $
 $8,077
 $(1,034) $5,342
 $12,385
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in millions) (unaudited)
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities   
Net cash provided by operating activities$4,293
 $3,565
Cash flows from investing activities   
Purchases of retail finance receivables, net(14,450) (11,119)
Principal collections and recoveries on retail finance receivables12,096
 7,593
Net funding of commercial finance receivables(220) (516)
Purchases of leased vehicles, net(8,189) (9,122)
Proceeds from termination of leased vehicles6,444
 5,303
Other investing activities(30) (34)
Net cash used in investing activities(4,349) (7,895)
Cash flows from financing activities   
Net change in debt (original maturities less than three months)243
 695
Borrowings and issuances of secured debt12,857
 12,405
Payments on secured debt(14,743) (13,135)
Borrowings and issuances of unsecured debt6,668
 8,431
Payments on unsecured debt(5,659) (3,783)
Debt issuance costs(78) (92)
Dividends paid(46) (30)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(758) 4,491
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(814) 161
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash22
 (60)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period7,443
 6,567
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$6,651
 $6,668
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidated balance sheet:
 June 30, 2019
Cash and cash equivalents$3,594
Restricted cash included in other assets3,057
Total$6,651
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation The condensed consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our consolidated subsidiaries, including certain special-purpose financingspecial purpose entities (SPEs) utilized in secured financing transactions, which are considered variable interest entities (VIEs). We consolidate certain operating entities that provide auto finance and financial services, which we do not control through a majority voting interest. We manage these entities and maintain a controlling financial interest in them and are exposed to the risks of ownership through contractual arrangements. The majority voting interests in these entities are indirectly wholly-owned by our parent, General Motors Company (GM). All intercompany transactionsbalances and balancestransactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Our operations in Europe are presented as discontinued operations, and the related assets and liabilities are presented as held for sale in our condensed consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. Unless otherwise indicated, information in these notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements relates to continuing operations. Refer to Note 2 - "Discontinued Operations" for additional details regarding our planned disposal of these operations.
The condensed consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, are condensed and do not include all disclosures required by generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) in the United States of America.U.S. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements that are included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K10–K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) on February 7, 2017 (Form 10-K)6, 2019 (2018 Form 10–K). Except as otherwise specified, dollar amounts presented within tables are stated in millions.
The condensed consolidated financial statements at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, and for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016,2018, are unaudited and, in management’s opinion, include all adjustments, which consist of normal recurring adjustments and transactions or events discretely impacting the interim periods, considered necessary by management to fairly state our results of operations. The results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year.
In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standard Update 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities" (ASU 2017-12), which simplifies the application of hedge accounting and more closely aligns hedge accounting with companies' risk management strategies thereby making more hedging strategies eligible for hedge accounting. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 15,31, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2017-12 requires a cumulative-effect adjustment for certain items upon adoption. We are currently evaluating the impact the adoption of ASU 2017-12 will have on our consolidatedwas derived from audited annual financial statements.
Segment Information We are the wholly-owned captive finance subsidiary of GM.General Motors Company (GM). We offer substantially similar products and services throughout many different regions, subject to local regulations and market conditions. We evaluate our business in two operating segments. Thesegments: North America (the North America Segment) and International (the International Segment). Our North America Segment includes our operations in the U.S. and Canada. TheOur International Segment includes our operations in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, as well as our equity investmentinvestments in SAIC-GMAC Automotive Finance Company Limited (SAIC-GMAC), a joint venture that conducts auto finance operationsventures in China.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02, "Leases" (ASU 2016-02) using the optional transition method, resulting in the recognition of right of use assets of $129 million, included in other assets, and lease obligations of $144 million, included in other liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet related to our existing operating leases at January 1, 2019. We elected to apply the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance in the new standard, which allowed us to carry forward our historical lease classification. The accounting for finance leases and leases where we are lessor remained substantially unchanged. The application of ASU 2016-02 had no impact on our condensed consolidated statement of income or condensed consolidated statement of cash flows.
The following table summarizes our minimum commitments under noncancelable operating leases having initial terms in excess of one year as of December 31, 2018:
 Years Ending December 31,
 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Total
Minimum commitments$27
 $26
 $25
 $23
 $19
 $47
 $167
Refer to Note 2. Discontinued Operations9 for information on our operating leases as of June 30, 2019.
On March 5, 2017, General Motors Holdings LLC,As lessor, we have investments in leased vehicles recorded as operating leases. Leased vehicles consist of automobiles leased to customers and are carried at amortized cost less unearned manufacturer subvention payments, which are received up front. Depreciation expense is recorded on a wholly-owned subsidiarystraight-line basis over the term of GM and our parent, entered into a Master Agreement (the Agreement) with Peugeot S.A. Pursuantthe lease agreement to the Agreement, Peugeot S.A. acquiredestimated residual value. Manufacturer subvention is earned on July 31, 2017 GM’s Opela straight-line basis as a reduction to depreciation expense.
Generally, the lessee may purchase the leased vehicle at the maturity of the lease by paying the purchase price stated in the lease agreement, which equals the contract residual value determined at origination of the lease, plus any fees and Vauxhall businesses and certainall other assets in Europe (the Opel/Vauxhall Business) and will acquire, together withamounts owed under the lease. If the lessee decides not to purchase the leased vehicle, the lessee must return it to a financial partner, certain of our European financial subsidiaries and branches (collectively, our European Operations and, together with Opel/Vauxhall Business, GM's European Business). The transfer of our European Operationsdealer by the lease's scheduled lease maturity date. Extensions may be granted to the lessee for up to six months. If the lessee extends the maturity date on their lease agreement, the lessee is expectedresponsible for additional monthly payments until the leased vehicle is returned or purchased. Since the lessee is not obligated to close bypurchase the vehicle at the end of the year subjectcontract, we are exposed to a risk of loss to the receiptextent the customer returns the vehicle prior to or at the end of the necessary regulatory approvalslease term and satisfactionthe value of other closing conditions.the vehicle is lower than the residual value estimated at inception of the lease.
The net consideration to be paid for our European Operations will be 0.8 times their book value at closing. Based on exchange rates at September 30, 2017, weWe estimate the net consideration will be approximately $1.1 billion,expected residual value based on third party data which considers various data points and we currently expect to recognize a disposal lossassumptions including recent auction values, the expected future volume of approximately $500 million, subject to foreign currency fluctuations, which have had a favorable impact on the estimated loss. The purchase price is subject to certain adjustments as providedreturning leased vehicles, used vehicle prices, manufacturer incentive programs and fuel prices. Changes in the Agreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized a portionexpected residual value result in increased or decreased depreciation of the disposal loss in accordance with ASC 360 - "Property, Plant and Equipment." We expect to recognize the remainder of the disposal loss at the closing of the transaction.leased asset

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

The following table summarizesover the remaining term of the lease. Upon disposition, a gain or loss is recorded for any difference between the net book value of the lease and the proceeds from the disposition of the asset, including any insurance proceeds. Under the accounting for impairment or disposal of long-lived assets, vehicles on operating leases are evaluated by asset group for impairment. We aggregate leased vehicles into asset groups based on make, year and liabilities held for sale:
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
ASSETS   
Cash and cash equivalents$242
 $386
Finance receivables, net11,303
 9,715
Related party receivables
 163
Other assets549
 687
Total assets held for sale$12,094
 $10,951
LIABILITIES   
Secured debt$4,872
 $4,183
Unsecured debt5,469
 5,130
Related party payables
 80
Other liabilities517
 300
Total liabilities held for sale$10,858
 $9,693
model. When asset group indicators of impairment exist and aggregate future cash flows from the operating lease, including the expected realizable fair value of the leased assets at the end of the lease, are less than the book value of the lease asset group, an immediate impairment write-down is recognized if the difference is deemed not recoverable.
The following table summarizesAccounting Standards Not Yet Adopted In June 2016 the resultsFinancial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of operationsCredit Losses on Financial Instruments" (ASU 2016-13), which requires entities to use a new impairment model based on current expected credit losses (CECL) rather than incurred losses. We plan to adopt ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 on a modified retrospective basis, which will result in an increase to our allowance for credit losses and a decrease to retained earnings as of the discontinued operations:adoption date.
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Total revenue$148
 $138
 $422
 $436
Interest expense24
 30
 70
 112
Other expenses75
 74
 231
 205
Total costs and expenses99
 104
 301
 317
Income from discontinued operations before income taxes49
 34
 121
 119
Loss on sale of discontinued operations before income taxes38
 
 374
 
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes11
 34
 (253) 119
Income tax (benefit) provision(5) 21
 (84) 34
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax$16
 $13
 $(169) $85
We are currently testing and refining our risk forecasting models, assumption review processes, corporate governance controls and accounting and financial reporting for our implementation of this standard. Estimated credit losses under CECL will consider relevant information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectibility of the reported amount, resulting in recognition of lifetime expected credit losses upon loan origination. We expect that our allowance for credit losses will increase under CECL, though the amount of the increase is heavily dependent on the volume, credit mix and seasoning of our loan portfolio.
Note 3.2. Related Party Transactions
We offer loan and lease finance products through GM-franchised dealers to customers purchasing new vehicles manufactured by GM and certain used vehicles and make commercial loans directly to GM-franchised dealers and their affiliates. We also offer commercial loans to dealers that are consolidated by GM and those balances are included in our finance receivables, net.
Under subvention programs, GM makes cash payments to us for offering incentivized rates and structures on retail loan and lease finance products. In addition, GM makes cash payments to us to cover certain interest payments on certain commercial loans.
In March 2017, we executed an agreement toWe purchase certain program vehicles from Maven Drive LLC (Maven), a wholly-owned subsidiary of GM.GM subsidiaries. We simultaneously leasedlease these vehicles to Maventhose subsidiaries for use primarily in their ride-sharingvehicle-sharing arrangements. We account for these leases as direct-financingdirect-finance leases, sales-type leases or loans depending on the origin of the asset, all of which are included in our finance receivables, net.
We periodically purchase finance receivables from other GM subsidiaries for vehicles sold to rental car companies and for vehicles sold to certain dealerships. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, we purchased $442 million and $280 million of these receivables from GM, which are included in our finance receivables, net.
We have related party payables due to GM, primarily for commercial finance receivables originated but not yet funded.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

We have related party payables due to GM, primarily for commercial finance receivables originated but not yet funded. These payables typically settle within 30 days. The following tables present related party transactions:
Balance Sheet DataSeptember 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Commercial finance receivables, net due from dealers consolidated by GM(a)
$349
 $347
Direct-financing lease receivables from Maven(a)
$96
 $
Subvention receivable(b)
$338
 $347
Commercial loan funding payable(c)
$251
 $320
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
Income Statement Data2017 2016 2017 2016
Interest subvention earned on retail finance receivables(d)
$115
 $90
 $319
 $245
Interest subvention earned on commercial finance receivables(d)
$14
 $13
 $42
 $35
Leased vehicle subvention earned(e)
$786
 $591
 $2,246
 $1,588
Balance Sheet DataJune 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Commercial finance receivables, net due from dealers consolidated by GM(a)
$491
 $445
Finance receivables from GM subsidiaries(a)
$108
 $134
Subvention receivable(b)
$705
 $727
Commercial loan funding payable(c)
$66
 $61
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
Income Statement Data2019 2018 2019 2018
Interest subvention earned on retail finance receivables(d)
$133
 $122
 $264
 $234
Interest subvention earned on commercial finance receivables(d)
$14
 $15
 $31
 $33
Leased vehicle subvention earned(e)
$818
 $813
 $1,653
 $1,611
_________________
(a)Included in finance receivables, net.
(b)Included in related party receivables. We received subvention payments from GM of $1.1$0.9 billion and $1.0$1.1 billion for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016,2018 and $3.3$2.0 billion and $3.2$1.7 billion for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016.2018.
(c)Included in related party payables.
(d)Included in finance charge income.
(e)Included as a reduction to leased vehicle expenses.
Under ourthe support agreement with GM (the Support Agreement), if our earning assets leverage ratio at the end of any calendar quarter exceeds the applicable threshold set in the Support Agreement, we may require GM to provide funding sufficient to bring our earning assets leverage ratio to within the applicable threshold. In determining our earning assets leverage ratio (net earning assets divided by adjusted equity) under the Support Agreement, net earning assets means our finance receivables, net, plus leased vehicles, net, and adjusted equity means our equity, net of goodwill and inclusive of outstanding junior subordinated debt, as each may be adjusted for derivative accounting from time to time.
Additionally, the Support Agreement provides that GM will own all of our outstanding voting shares as long as we have any unsecured debt securities outstanding and that GM will use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that we will continue to be designated as a subsidiary borrower of up to $4.0 billion under GM’s corporate revolving credit facilities. We have the ability to borrow up to $1.0 billion under GM's three-year, $4.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility and $3.0 billion under GM's five-year, $10.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, subject to available capacity.outstanding. GM also agreedagrees to certain provisions in the Support Agreement intended to ensure that we maintain adequate access to liquidity. Pursuant to these provisions, GM providedprovides us with a $1.0 billion junior subordinated unsecured intercompany revolving credit facility (the Junior Subordinated Revolving Credit Facility)., and GM agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that we will continue to be designated as a subsidiary borrower under GM's corporate revolving credit facilities.
In April 2019, GM renewed the 364-day, $2.0 billion facility (the GM Revolving 364-Day Credit Facility) for an additional 364-day term. This facility has been allocated for exclusive access by us since April 2018. At June 30, 2019, we had no amounts borrowed under any of the GM facilities.
We are included in GM's consolidated U.S. federal income tax returns. For taxable income we recognize in any period beginning on or after October 1, 2010,returns and certain U.S. state returns, and we are obligated to pay GM for our share of the consolidated U.S. federal and certain statethese tax liabilities. Amounts owed to GM for income taxes are accrued and recorded as a related party payable. At SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016,2018, there are no related party taxes payable to GM due to our taxable loss position.  GM.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Note 4.3. Finance Receivables
September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Retail finance receivables      
Retail finance receivables, collectively evaluated for impairment, net of fees$30,147
 $24,480
$40,345
 $38,354
Retail finance receivables, individually evaluated for impairment, net of fees2,170
 1,920
2,354
 2,348
Total retail finance receivables, net of fees(a)
32,317
 26,400
42,699
 40,702
Less: allowance for loan losses - collective(571) (489)(540) (523)
Less: allowance for loan losses - specific(328) (276)(341) (321)
Total retail finance receivables, net31,418
 25,635
41,818
 39,858
Commercial finance receivables      
Commercial finance receivables, collectively evaluated for impairment, net of fees9,468
 7,853
12,997
 12,680
Commercial finance receivables, individually evaluated for impairment, net of fees27
 27
49
 41
Total commercial finance receivables, net of fees(b)9,495
 7,880
13,046
 12,721
Less: allowance for loan losses - collective(46) (36)(65) (63)
Less: allowance for loan losses - specific(3) (4)(11) (4)
Total commercial finance receivables, net9,446
 7,840
12,970
 12,654
Total finance receivables, net$40,864
 $33,475
$54,788
 $52,512
Fair value of finance receivables$40,957
 $33,528
Fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs$12,970
 $12,654
Fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs$42,158
 $39,564
________________
(a) Net of unearned income, unamortized premiums and discounts, and deferred fees and costs of $282$44 million and $178$53 million at SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016.2018.
We estimate the fair value(b) Net of retail finance receivables using observabledealer cash management balances of $1.1 billion and unobservable Level 3 inputs within a cash flow model. The inputs reflect assumptions regarding expected prepayments, deferrals, delinquencies, recoveries$922 million at June 30, 2019 and charge-offsDecember 31, 2018.
Rollforward of Allowance for Retail Loan Losses A summary of the loans withinactivity in the portfolio. The cash flow model produces an estimated amortization schedule of the finance receivables. The projected cash flows are then discounted to derive the fair value of the portfolio. Macroeconomic factors could affect the credit performance of the portfolio and, therefore, could potentially affect the assumptions used in our cash flow model. A substantial majority of our commercial finance receivables have variable interest rates. The carrying amount, a Level 2 input,allowance for retail loan losses is considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value.as follows:
Retail Finance ReceivablesThree Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162019 2018 2019 2018
Allowance for retail loan losses beginning balance$844
 $790
 $765
 $713
$862
 $858
 $844
 $889
Provision for loan losses204
 164
 563
 497
165
 123
 343
 258
Charge-offs(286) (284) (856) (826)(279) (298) (586) (593)
Recoveries135
 128
 420
 403
132
 145
 277
 268
Foreign currency translation2
 (2) 7
 9
1
 (13) 3
 (7)
Allowance for retail loan losses ending balance$899
 $796
 $899
 $796
$881
 $815
 $881
 $815


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Retail Credit QualityOur retail finance receivables portfolio includes loans made to consumers and businesses to finance the purchase of vehicles for personal and commercial use. We use proprietary scoring systems in the underwriting process that measure the credit quality of the receivables using several factors, such as credit bureau information, consumer credit risk scores (e.g. FICO score or its equivalent), and contract characteristics. We also consider other factors, such as employment history, financial stability and capacity to pay. In North America, while we historically focused on consumers with lower than prime credit scores, we have expanded our prime lending programs. A summary of the credit risk profile by FICO score band or equivalent scores, determined at origination, of the retail finance receivables in North America is as follows:
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 Amount Percent Amount Percent
Prime - FICO Score 680 and greater$12,332
 45.7% $7,923
 36.4%
Near-prime - FICO Score 620 to 6794,194
 15.6
 3,468
 15.9
Sub-prime - FICO Score less than 62010,443
 38.7
 10,395
 47.7
Balance at end of period$26,969
 100.0% $21,786
 100.0%
In addition, we review the credit quality of our retail finance receivables based on customer payment activity. A retail account is considered delinquent if a substantial portion of a scheduled payment has not been received by the date such payment was contractually due. Retail finance receivables are collateralized by vehicle titles and, subject to local laws, we generally have the right to repossess the vehicle in the event the customer defaults on the payment terms of the contract. The following is a consolidated summary of the contractual amounts of delinquent retail finance receivables, which is not significantly different than the recorded investment for such receivables.receivables:
September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018
Amount Percent of Contractual Amount Due Amount Percent of Contractual Amount DueAmount Percent of Contractual Amount Due Amount Percent of Contractual Amount Due
31 - 60 days$1,176
 3.6% $1,112
 4.4%$1,083
 2.5% $1,178
 3.3%
Greater than 60 days521
 1.6
 491
 1.9
498
 1.2
 462
 1.3
Total finance receivables more than 30 days delinquent1,697
 5.2
 1,603
 6.3
1,581
 3.7
 1,640
 4.6
In repossession55
 0.2
 57
 0.2
48
 0.1
 57
 0.1
Total finance receivables more than 30 days delinquent or in repossession$1,752
 5.4% $1,660
 6.5%$1,629
 3.8% $1,697
 4.7%
At SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016,2018, the accrual of finance charge income had been suspended on retail finance receivables with contractual amounts due of $797$838 million and $798$888 million.
Impaired Retail Finance Receivables - TDRsRetail finance receivables that become classified as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) are separately assessed for impairment. A specific allowance is estimated based on the present value of the expected future cash flows of the receivable discounted at the loan's original effective interest rate. Accounts that become classified as TDRs because of a payment deferral accrue interest at the contractual rate and an additional fee is collected (where permitted) at each time of deferral and recorded as a reduction of accrued interest. No interest or fees are forgiven on a payment deferral to a customer; therefore, there are no additional financial effects of deferred loans becoming classified as TDRs. Accounts in the U.S. in Chapter 13 bankruptcy would have already been placed on non-accrual; therefore, there are no additional financial effects from these loans becoming classified as TDRs. Finance charge income from loans classified as TDRs is accounted for in the same manner as other accruing loans. Cash collections on these loans are allocated according to the same payment hierarchy methodology applied to loans that are not classified as TDRs.
The outstanding recorded investment for retail finance receivables that are considered to be TDRs and the related allowance is presented below:
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Outstanding recorded investment$2,354
 $2,348
Less: allowance for loan losses(341) (321)
Outstanding recorded investment, net of allowance$2,013
 $2,027
Unpaid principal balance$2,382
 $2,379
Additional information about loans classified as TDRs is presented below:
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Average outstanding recorded investment$2,344
 $2,238
 $2,351
 $2,253
Finance charge income recognized$63
 $62
 $131
 $126
Number of loans classified as TDRs during the period17,407
 19,662
 33,939
 33,096
Recorded investment of loans classified as TDRs during the period$318
 $360
 $626
 $613
The unpaid principal balance, net of recoveries, of loans charged off during the reporting period within 12 months of being modified as a TDR was insignificant for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

The outstanding recorded investment for retail finance receivables that are considered to be TDRs and the related allowance is presented below:
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Outstanding recorded investment$2,170
 $1,920
Less: allowance for loan losses(328) (276)
Outstanding recorded investment, net of allowance$1,842
 $1,644
Unpaid principal balance$2,210
 $1,967
Additional information about loans classified as TDRs is presented below:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Average outstanding recorded investment$2,091
 $1,785
 $2,045
 $1,725
Finance charge income recognized$56
 $55
 $173
 $156
Number of loans classified as TDRs during the period23,015
 18,548
 56,853
 49,327
Recorded investment of loans classified as TDRs during the period$407
 $315
 $997
 $846
The unpaid principal balance, net of recoveries, of loans that were charged off during the reporting period and were within 12 months of being modified as a TDR were insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.
Commercial Finance Receivables
Commercial Credit QualityOur commercial finance receivables consist of dealer financings, primarily for inventory purchases. A proprietary model isProprietary models are used to assign a risk rating to each dealer. We perform periodic credit reviews of each dealership and adjust the dealership's risk rating, if necessary. Dealers in Group VI are subject to additional restrictions on funding, including suspension of lines of credit and liquidation of assets. The following table summarizes the credit risk profile by dealer risk rating of commercial finance receivables: 
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
Group I-Dealers with superior financial metrics$1,547
 16.3% $1,389
 17.6%-Dealers with superior financial metrics$1,939
 14.9% $2,192
 17.2%
Group II-Dealers with strong financial metrics3,565
 37.5
 2,661
 33.8
-Dealers with strong financial metrics5,241
 40.2
 4,500
 35.4
Group III-Dealers with fair financial metrics3,112
 32.8
 2,775
 35.2
-Dealers with fair financial metrics4,108
 31.5
 4,292
 33.7
Group IV-Dealers with weak financial metrics931
 9.8
 631
 8.0
-Dealers with weak financial metrics1,229
 9.4
 1,205
 9.5
Group V-Dealers warranting special mention due to elevated risks238
 2.5
 334
 4.2
-Dealers warranting special mention due to elevated risks419
 3.2
 449
 3.5
Group VI-Dealers with loans classified as substandard, doubtful or impaired102
 1.1
 90
 1.2
-Dealers with loans classified as substandard, doubtful or impaired110
 0.8
 83
 0.7
Balance at end of periodBalance at end of period$9,495
 100.0% $7,880
 100.0%Balance at end of period$13,046
 100.0% $12,721
 100.0%
At SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016,2018, substantially all of our commercial finance receivables were current with respect to payment status. Commercial finance receivables on non-accrual status were insignificant, and none were classified as TDRs. Activity in the allowance for commercial loan losses was insignificant for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016.2018.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Note 5.4. Leased Vehicles
September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Leased vehicles$60,112
 $48,340
$64,361
 $64,928
Manufacturer subvention(9,265) (7,686)(9,896) (9,934)
50,847
 40,654
Net capitalized cost54,465
 54,994
Less: accumulated depreciation(9,072) (6,312)(11,527) (11,435)
Leased vehicles, net$41,775
 $34,342
$42,938
 $43,559
The following table summarizes minimum rentallease payments due to us as lessor under operating leases:leases at June 30, 2019:
 Years Ending December 31,
 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Minimum rental payments under operating leases$1,800
 $6,256
 $3,861
 $1,182
 $110
 Years Ending December 31,
 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Thereafter Total
Lease payments under operating leases$3,610
 $5,396
 $2,817
 $629
 $40
 $1
 $12,493
Note 6.5. Equity in Net Assets of Non-consolidated AffiliateAffiliates
We use the equity method to account for our equity interest in SAIC-GMAC, a joint venture that conducts auto finance operations in China.ventures. The income of SAIC-GMACthese joint ventures is not consolidated into our financial statements; rather, our proportionate share of the earnings is reflected as equity income.
There have been no significant ownership changes in our joint ventures since December 31, 2018. The following table presents certain aggregated operating data of our joint ventures:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
Summarized Operating Data(a)
2017 2016 2017 20162019 2018 2019 2018
Finance charge income$261
 $229
 $775
 $700
$344
 $315
 $694
 $622
Provision for loan losses$2
 $7
 $(9) $21
Interest expense$83
 $65
 $241
 $192
Income before income taxes$157
 $137
 $490
 $411
$161
 $171
 $331
 $369
Net income$118
 $103
 $368
 $308
$121
 $129
 $248
 $277
_________________
(a)This data represents that of the entire entity and not our 35% proportionate share.
There were no dividends received from SAIC-GMAC during the nine months ended SeptemberAt June 30, 2017. We received dividends from SAIC-GMAC of $129 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016. At September 30, 20172019 and December 31, 20162018, we had undistributed earnings of $271$585 million and $142$498 million related to SAIC-GMAC.
Note 7. Debt
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 Carrying Amount Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
Secured debt       
Revolving credit facilities$4,751
 $4,769
 $8,503
 $8,498
Securitization notes payable36,024
 36,120
 26,584
 26,664
Total secured debt40,775
 40,889
 35,087
 35,162
Unsecured debt       
Senior notes34,794
 35,927
 26,737
 27,304
Credit facilities2,162
 2,174
 1,961
 1,961
Other unsecured debt1,307
 1,310
 778
 780
Total unsecured debt38,263
 39,411
 29,476
 30,045
Total secured and unsecured debt$79,038
 $80,300
 $64,563
 $65,207
Fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs  $78,293
   $62,951
Fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs  $2,007
   $2,256

our non-consolidated affiliates.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

The fair value of our debt measured utilizing Level 2 inputs was based on quoted market prices for identical instruments and if unavailable, quoted market prices of similar instruments. For debt with original maturity or revolving period of eighteen months or less par value is considered to be a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of our debt measured utilizing Level 3 inputs was based on the discounted future net cash flows expected to be settled using current risk-adjusted rates.Note 6. Debt
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 Carrying Amount Fair Value Carrying Amount Fair Value
Secured debt       
Revolving credit facilities$2,280
 $2,286
 $3,410
 $3,413
Securitization notes payable38,767
 38,987
 39,425
 39,422
Total secured debt41,047
 41,273
 42,835
 42,835
Unsecured debt       
Senior notes44,864
 46,251
 42,611
 42,015
Credit facilities1,785
 1,783
 2,157
 2,151
Other unsecured debt3,418
 3,420
 3,385
 3,390
Total unsecured debt50,067
 51,454
 48,153
 47,556
Total secured and unsecured debt$91,114
 $92,727
 $90,988
 $90,391
Fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs  $90,699
   $88,305
Fair value utilizing Level 3 inputs  $2,028
   $2,086
Secured Debt Most of the secured debt was issued by VIEs and is repayable only from proceeds related to the underlying pledged assets. Refer to Note 8 7- "Variable Interest Entities" for further discussion.
During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we entered into new credit facilities or renewed credit facilities with a total net additional borrowing capacity of $1.7 billion,$150 million, and we issued $18.8$10.4 billion in aggregate principal amount of securitization notes payable with an initial weighted average interest rate of 2.09%2.98% and legal final maturity dates ranging from 20192022 to 2025.2026.
Unsecured Debt During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we issued $10.6$5.4 billion in aggregate principal amount of senior notes with an initial weighted average interest rate of 2.87%4.20% and maturity dates ranging from 20192021 to 2027.2029.
AllThe principal amount outstanding of these notes are guaranteed by AmeriCredit Financial Services, Inc. (AFSI), our primarycommercial paper in the U.S. operating subsidiary,was $1.0 billion and $407 million in senior notes issued by subsidiaries in Canada$1.2 billion at June 30, 2019 and Mexico are also guaranteed by December 31, 2018.
General Motors Financial Company, Inc. is the sole guarantor of its subsidiaries' unsecured debt obligations for which a guarantee is provided.
Compliance with Debt Covenants Several of our revolving credit facilities require compliance with certain financial and operational covenants as well as regular reporting to lenders, including providing certain subsidiary financial statements. Certain of our secured debt agreements also contain various covenants, including maintaining portfolio performance ratios as well as limits on deferment levels. Our unsecured senior notesdebt obligations contain covenants including limitations on our ability to incur certain liens. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we were in compliance with ourthese debt covenants.
Note 8.7. Variable Interest Entities
Securitizations and Credit Facilities The following table summarizes the assets and liabilities related to our consolidated VIEs:
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Restricted cash(a)
$2,588
 $2,380
Finance receivables, net of fees$32,680
 $32,626
Lease related assets$19,404
 $21,781
Secured debt$40,845
 $42,504
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Restricted cash(a)
$2,291
 $1,780
Finance receivables, net of fees$26,451
 $24,644
Lease related assets$23,751
 $19,341
Secured debt$40,188
 $34,185
_______________
(a) Included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.assets.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

These amounts are related to securitization and credit facilities held by consolidated VIEs. Our continuing involvement with these VIEs consists of servicing assets held by the entities and holding residual interests in the entities. We have determined that we are the primary beneficiary of each VIE because we hold both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly impact the VIEs' economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses from and the right to receive benefits of the VIEs that could potentially be significant to the VIEs. We are not required, and do not currently intend, to provide any additional financial support to these VIEs. Liabilities recognized as a result of consolidating these entities generally do not represent claims against us or our other subsidiaries and assets recognized generally are for the benefit of these entitiesentities' operations and cannot be used to satisfy our or our other subsidiaries' obligations.

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Note 9.8. Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
We are exposed to certain risks arising from both our business operations and economic conditions. We manage economic risks, including interest rate risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of our assets and liabilities and the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, we enter into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates. Our derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of our known or expected cash receipts and our known or expected cash payments principally related to our borrowings.
Certain of our foreign operations expose us to fluctuations of foreign interest rates and exchange rates. We primarily finance our earning assets with debt in the same currency to minimize the impact to earnings from our exposure to fluctuations in exchange rates. When we use a different currency, these fluctuations may impact the value of our cash receipts and payments in terms of our functional currency. We enter into derivative financial instruments to protect the value or fix the amount of certain assets and liabilities in terms of the relevant functional currency. The table below presents the gross amounts of fair value of our derivative instruments and the associated notional amounts:
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Level Notional Fair Value Notional Fair Value Notional 
Fair Value of Assets(a)
 
Fair Value of Liabilities(a)
 Notional 
Fair Value of Assets(a)
 
Fair Value of Liabilities(a)
Derivatives designated as hedges                    
Assets        
Fair value hedges                    
Interest rate swaps2 $3,500
 $20
 $
 $
 $13,046
 $353
 $38
 $9,533
 $42
 $231
Foreign currency swaps 1,822
 37
 61
 1,829
 37
 60
Cash flow hedges                    
Interest rate swaps2,3 2,561
 12
 3,070
 12
 504
 2
 2
 768
 8
 
Foreign currency swaps2 1,356
 60
 
 
 3,317
 30
 104
 2,075
 43
 58
Total assets(a)
 $7,417
 $92
 $3,070
 $12
Liabilities        
Fair value hedges        
Interest rate swaps2 $7,860
 $260
 $7,700
 $276
Cash flow hedges        
Interest rate swaps2,3 
 
 500
 1
Foreign currency swaps2 
 
 791
 33
Total liabilities(b)
 $7,860
 $260
 $8,991
 $310
Derivatives not designated as hedges                    
Assets        
Interest rate swaps2,3 $33,218
 $123
 $7,959
 $54
Interest rate caps and floors2 16,810
 43
 9,698
 26
Foreign currency swaps2 1,182
 85
 
 
Total assets(a)
 $51,210
 $251
 $17,657
 $80
Liabilities        
Interest rate swaps2,3 $12,823
 $59
 $6,170
 $28
Interest rate caps and floors2 18,467
 43
 12,146
 26
Foreign currency swaps2 
 
 
 
Total liabilities(b)
 $31,290
 $102
 $18,316
 $54
Interest rate contracts 88,912
 240
 378
 99,666
 372
 520
Total(b)
 $107,601
 $662
 $583
 $113,871
 $502
 $869
 _________________
(a)DerivativeThe gross amounts of the fair value of our assets and liabilities are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
(b)Derivative liabilities are included inand other liabilities, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.respectively. Amounts accrued for interest payments in a net receivable position are included in other assets. Amounts accrued for interest payments in a net payable position are included in other liabilities. All our derivatives are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value for Level 2 instruments was derived using the market approach based on observable market inputs including quoted prices of similar instruments and foreign exchange and interest rate forward curves.
(b)We primarily enter into derivative instruments through AmeriCredit Financial Services, Inc. (AFSI); however, our SPEs may also be parties to derivative instruments. Agreements between AFSI and its derivative counterparties include rights of setoff for positions with offsetting values or for collateral held or posted. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the fair value of assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.and liabilities available for offset was $353 million and $320 million. At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, we held $162 million and $30 million and posted $140 million and $451 million of collateral available for netting.
The following amounts were recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet related to items designated and qualifying as hedged items in fair value hedging relationships:
 Carrying Amount of
Hedged Items
 
Cumulative Amount of Fair Value
Hedging Adjustments
(a)
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Unsecured debt$20,545
 $17,923
 $(57) $459
_________________
(a)Includes $208 million and $247 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 of adjustments remaining on hedged items for which hedge accounting has been discontinued.

The fair value for Level 2 instruments was derived using the market approach based on observable market inputs including quoted prices of similar instruments and foreign exchange and interest rate forward curves. The fair value for Level 3 instruments was derived using the income approach based on a discounted cash flow model, in which expected cash flows are discounted using current risk-adjusted rates. The activity for interest rate swap agreements measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) was insignificant for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

The table below presents the effect of our derivative financial instruments in the condensed consolidated statements of income:
 Income (Losses) Recognized In Income
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Fair value hedges       
Interest rate contracts(a)(b)
$9
 $6
 $38
 $26
Cash flow hedges       
Interest rate contracts(a)
2
 (1) 1
 (2)
Foreign currency contracts(c)
44
 (1) 99
 (1)
Derivatives not designated as hedges       
Interest rate contracts(a)
16
 4
 7
 7
Foreign currency contracts(c)(d)
37
 
 72
 
Total$108
 $8
 $217
 $30
 Income (Losses) Recognized In Income
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
 
Interest Expense(a)
 
Operating Expenses(b)
 
Interest Expense(a)
 
Operating Expenses(b)
 
Interest Expense(a)
 
Operating Expenses(b)
 
Interest Expense(a)
 
Operating Expenses(b)
Fair value hedges               
Hedged items - interest rate swaps$(313) $
 $69
 $
 $(523) $
 $277
 $
Interest rate swaps285
 
 (76) 
 466
 
 (286) 
Hedged items - foreign currency swaps
 (25) 
 
 
 7
 
 
Foreign currency swaps(15) 27
 
 
 (31) (4) 
 
Cash flow hedges               
Interest rate swaps1
 
 3
 
 4
 
 7
 
Foreign currency swaps(21) 18
 (13) (92) (39) (15) (22) (68)
Derivatives not designated as hedges               
Interest rate contracts(5) 
 (1) 
 (10) 
 5
 
Foreign currency swaps
 
 (13) (109) 
 
 (20) (87)
Total$(68) $20
 $(31) $(201) $(133) $(12) $(39) $(155)
_________________
(a)RecognizedTotal interest expense was $952 million and $803 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 and $1.9 billion and $1.5 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.
(b)Activity is offset by translation activity also recorded in earnings asoperating expenses related to foreign currency-denominated loans. Total operating expenses were $377 million and $382 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 and $747 million for both the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

The tables below present the effect of our derivative financial instruments in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income:
 Gains (Losses) Recognized In
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Fair value hedges       
Foreign currency swaps$(9) $
 $(20) $
Cash flow hedges       
Interest rate swaps(2) 1
 (2) 5
Foreign currency swaps(19) (58) (71) (40)
Total$(30) $(57) $(93) $(35)
 
(Gains) Losses Reclassified From
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Into Income
(a)(b)
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Fair value hedges       
Foreign currency swaps$11
 $
 $22
 $
Cash flow hedges       
Interest rate swaps(1) 
 (3) (3)
Foreign currency swaps2
 74
 41
 56
Total$12
 $74
 $60
 $53
_________________
(a)All amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss were recorded to interest expense.
(b)IncludesDuring the next twelve months, we estimate $14 million will be reclassified into pretax earnings from derivatives designated for hedge ineffectiveness which reflects the net change in the fair value of interest rate contracts offset by the change in fair value of hedged debt attributable to the hedged risk.
(c)Recognized in earnings as other operating expenses and interest expense.
(d)Activity is partially offset by translation activity (included in other operating expenses) related to foreign currency-denominated loans.accounting.
 
Gains (Losses) Recognized In
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Cash flow hedges       
Interest rate contracts$
 $2
 $1
 $(2)
Foreign currency contracts24
 
 45
 
Total$24
 $2
 $46
 $(2)
 
Gains (Losses) Reclassified From
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Into Income
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Cash flow hedges       
Interest rate contracts$(1) $1
 $
 $1
Foreign currency contracts(26) (4) (60) (4)
Total$(27) $(3) $(60) $(3)

Note 10.9. Commitments and Contingencies
Operating LeasesOur lease obligations consist primarily of real estate office space. Certain leases contain escalation clauses and renewal options, and generally our leases have no residual value guarantees or material covenants. We exclude from our balance sheet leases with a term equal to one year or less and do not separate non-lease components from our real estate leases. Rent expense under operating leases was $13 million and $18 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019. At June 30, 2019, operating lease right of use assets, included in other assets, were $138 million and operating lease liabilities, included in other liabilities, were $159 million. Operating lease right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations were $27 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019. As of June 30, 2019, our undiscounted future lease obligations related to operating leases having initial terms in excess of one year are $14 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 and $27 million, $26 million, $24 million, $20 million and $78 million for the years 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 and thereafter. The weighted average discount rate is 4.4% and the weighted average remaining lease term is 8.0 years as of June 30, 2019. Imputed interest for operating leases and variable lease costs were insignificant for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.
Guarantees of Indebtedness The payments of principal and interest on senior notes issued by our top-tier holding company, our primary Canadian operating subsidiary and a European subsidiary are guaranteed by our primary U.S. operating subsidiary, AFSI. At Septemberboth June 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016,2018, we guaranteed approximately $1.1 billion in aggregate principal amount of Euro Medium Term Notes issued by General Motors Financial International B.V., our former subsidiary, pursuant to our Euro Medium Term Note Programme. Subject to the par valueterms and conditions of these senior notes was $37.3 billion and $29.0 billion. Refer to Note 16 - "Guarantor Condensed Consolidating Financial Statements"a letter agreement with BNP Paribas in connection with the sale of certain of our European Operations, BNP Paribas will reimburse us for further discussion.any amount that we may pay under any such guarantees.
Legal Proceedings As a finance company, weWe are subject to various customerpending and potential legal and regulatory proceedings in the ordinary course of business, including litigation, arbitration, claims, investigations, examinations, subpoenas and litigation seeking damages and statutory penalties based upon, among other things, usury, disclosure inaccuracies, wrongful repossession, violations of bankruptcy stay provisions, certificate of title disputes, fraud, breach of contract, and discriminatory treatment of credit applicants.enforcement proceedings. Some litigation against us could take the form of class action complaints by customers and certain legal actions include claims for substantial compensatory and/or punitive damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages. We establish reserves for legal claims when payments associated with the claims become probable and the payments can be reasonably estimated. Given the inherent difficulty of predicting theactions. The outcome of litigationthese proceedings is inherently uncertain, and regulatory matters, itthus we cannot confidently predict how or when proceedings will be resolved. An adverse outcome in one or more of these proceedings could result in substantial damages, settlements, fines, penalties, diminished income or reputational harm. We identify below the material proceedings in connection with which we believe a material loss is generally very difficult to predict what the eventualreasonably possible or probable.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

outcome will be, andIn accordance with the current accounting standards for loss contingencies, we establish reserves for legal matters when it is probable that a loss associated with the matter willhas been incurred and the amount of the loss can be resolved.reasonably estimated. The actual costs of resolving legal claimsmatters may be higher or lower than any amounts reserved for the claims.these matters. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we estimateestimated our reasonably possible legal exposure for unfavorable outcomes is up to $73$67 million, excluding $38 million related to the discontinued operations. Weand we have accrued $24 million excluding $10 million related to the discontinued operations.$23 million.
In 2014 and 2015, we were served with investigative subpoenas to produce documents from various state attorneys general and other local governmental offices to produce documents and data relating to our automobile loan and lease business and securitization of automobile loans and leases. These investigationsWe believe that we have cooperated fully with all reasonable requests for information. We are ongoing and could in the futurecurrently unable to estimate any reasonably possible loss or range of loss that may result in the imposition of damages, fines or other civil or criminal penalties. No assurance can be given that the ultimate outcome of the investigations or any resulting proceedings would not materially and adversely affect us or any of our subsidiaries and affiliates.from these investigations.
Other Administrative Tax Matters We accrue non-income tax liabilities for contingencies when management believes that a loss is probable and the amounts can be reasonably estimated, while contingent gains are recognized only when realized. In the event any losses are sustained in excess of accruals, they will be charged against income at that time.
In evaluating indirect tax matters, we take into consideration factors such as our historical experience with matters of similar nature, specific facts and circumstances, and the likelihood of prevailing. We reevaluate and update our accruals as matters progress over time. Where there is a reasonable possibility that losses exceeding amounts already recognized may be incurred, our estimate of the additional range of loss is up to $18$14 million excluding $18 million related to the discontinued operations.as of June 30, 2019.
Note 11.10. Shareholders' Equity
On September 1, 2017,
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Common Stock   
Number of shares authorized10,000,000
 10,000,000
Number of shares issued and outstanding5,050,000
 5,050,000

 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Preferred Stock   
Number of shares authorized250,000,000
 250,000,000
Number of shares issued and outstanding   
Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock,
Series A (Series A Preferred Stock)
1,000,000
 1,000,000
Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock,
Series B (Series B Preferred Stock)
500,000
 500,000
During the six months ended June 30, 2019, we executed a 10,000paid dividends of $29 million to 1 stock splitholders of each sharerecord of our previously authorized common stock, par value $1.00 per share. Each outstanding share was deemed automatically converted into 10,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share.
In September 2017, we issued 1,000,000 shares, par value $0.01 per share, of Fixed-to-Floating Rate Cumulative PerpetualSeries A Preferred Stock, and $17 million to holders of record of our Series B Preferred Stock. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, we paid dividends of $30 million to holders of record of our Series A at a liquidation preference $1,000 per share, for net proceedsPreferred Stock.

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Table of $985 million.Contents
For the first 10 years after issuance, holders of the preferred stock will be entitled to receive cash dividend payments at an annual rate of 5.750%, payable semi-annually in arrears on March 30 and September 30 of each year beginning on March 30, 2018. After 10 years, holders of the preferred stock will be entitled to receive cash dividend payments at a floating rate equal to the then applicable three-month U.S. dollar LIBOR plus a spread of 3.598% per annum, payable quarterly in arrears, on March 30, June 30, September 30 and December 30 of each year. Dividends on the preferred stock are cumulative whether or not we have earnings, whether or not there are funds legally available for the payment of the dividends and whether or not the dividends are authorized or declared.GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

The preferred stock does not have a maturity date. We may, at our option, redeemfollowing table summarizes the sharessignificant components of preferred stock, in whole or in part, at any time on or after September 30, 2027, at a price of $1,000 per share of preferred stock plus all accumulated and unpaid dividends.other comprehensive loss:
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Unrealized (loss) gain on hedges       
Beginning balance$(6) $17
 $9
 $16
Change in value of hedges, net of tax(18) 17
 (33) 18
Ending balance(24) 34
 (24) 34
Defined benefit plans       
Beginning balance1
 1
 1
 1
Unrealized gain on subsidiary pension, net of tax
 
 
 
Ending balance1
 1
 1
 1
Foreign currency translation adjustment       
Beginning balance(1,019) (726) (1,076) (785)
Translation gain (loss), net of tax8
 (245) 65
 (186)
Ending balance(1,011) (971) (1,011) (971)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss$(1,034) $(936) $(1,034) $(936)
Note 12.11. Income Taxes
For interim income tax reporting we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply it to our year-to-date ordinary income. Tax jurisdictions with a projected or year-to-date loss for which a tax benefit cannot be realized are excluded from the annualized effective tax rate. The tax effects of unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are reported in the interim period in which they occur.
During the three and nine months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019 and 2018, income tax expense of $124$133 million and $260$94 million primarily resulted from tax expense attributable to entities included in our effective tax rate calculation. The increase in income tax expense is due primarily to a reduction in our electrical vehicle tax credit. During the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2019 and 2018, income tax expense of $60$221 million and $185$168 million primarily resulted from tax expense attributable to entities included in our effective tax rate calculation. The increase in income tax expense is due primarily to a reduction in our electrical vehicle tax credit.
We are included in GM’s consolidated U.S. federal income tax return and for certain states’ income tax returns. Net operating losses and certain tax credits generated by us have been utilized by GM; however, income tax expense and deferred tax balances are presented in these financial statements as if we filed our own tax returns in each jurisdiction.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Note 13.12. Segment Reporting

We offer substantially similar products and services throughout many different regions, subject to local regulations and market conditions. We evaluate our business in two operating segments: the North America Segment and the International Segment. The North America Segment includes our operations in the U.S. and Canada. The International Segment includes our operations in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru as well as our equity investment in SAIC-GMAC, a joint venture that conducts auto finance operations in China. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates the operating results and performance of our business based on these operating segments.our North America and International Segments. The management of each segment is responsible for executing our strategies. As discussed in Note 2 - "Discontinued Operations," our European Operations are presented as discontinued operations and are excluded from our segment results for all periods presented. These operations were previously included in our International Segment. Key operating data for our operating segments were as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
 North
America
 International Total
Total revenue$2,868
 $293
 $3,161
Operating expenses265
 81
 346
Leased vehicle expenses1,662
 8
 1,670
Provision for loan losses177
 27
 204
Interest expense536
 136
 672
Equity income
 41
 41
Income from continuing operations before income taxes$228
 $82
 $310
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 North
America
 International Total
Total revenue$2,092
 $268
 $2,360
Operating expenses240
 87
 327
Leased vehicle expenses1,194
 3
 1,197
Provision for loan losses147
 20
 167
Interest expense383
 128
 511
Equity income
 36
 36
Income from continuing operations before income taxes$128
 $66
 $194
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
North
America
 International TotalNorth
America
 International Total North
America
 International Total
Total revenue$8,042
 $857
 $8,899
$3,332
 $307
 $3,639
 $3,180
 $308
 $3,488
Operating expenses766
 243
 1,009
281
 96
 377
 276
 106
 382
Leased vehicle expenses4,631
 17
 4,648
1,627
 10
 1,637
 1,675
 9
 1,684
Provision for loan losses497
 76
 573
142
 37
 179
 90
 38
 128
Interest expense1,488
 415
 1,903
831
 121
 952
 685
 118
 803
Equity income
 129
 129

 42
 42
 
 45
 45
Income from continuing operations before income taxes$660
 $235
 $895
Income before income taxes$451
 $85
 $536
 $454
 $82
 $536

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
North
America
 International TotalNorth
America
 International Total North
America
 International Total
Total revenue$5,666
 $763
 $6,429
$6,638
 $621
 $7,259
 $6,265
 $634
 $6,899
Operating expenses656
 240
 896
557
 190
 747
 547
 200
 747
Leased vehicle expenses3,143
 5
 3,148
3,430
 21
 3,451
 3,453
 18
 3,471
Provision for loan losses449
 52
 501
281
 73
 354
 187
 77
 264
Interest expense1,025
 368
 1,393
1,654
 245
 1,899
 1,282
 253
 1,535
Equity income
 109
 109

 87
 87
 
 97
 97
Income from continuing operations before income taxes$393
 $207
 $600
Income before income taxes$716
 $179
 $895
 $796
 $183
 $979
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 North
America
 International Total North
America
 International Total
Finance receivables, net$34,225
 $6,639
 $40,864
 $27,617
 $5,858
 $33,475
Leased vehicles, net$41,657
 $118
 $41,775
 $34,284
 $58
 $34,342
Total assets(a)
$84,971
 $21,164
 $106,135
 $68,656
 $19,109
 $87,765
________________
(a) International Segment includes assets held for sale of $12.1 billion and $11.0 billion at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Note 14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges       
Beginning balance$6
 $(4) $17
 $
Change in value of cash flow hedges, net of tax(3) (1) (14) (5)
Ending balance3
 (5) 3
 (5)
Defined benefit plans       
Beginning balance(21) (13) (20) (13)
Unrealized gain (loss) on subsidiary pension, net of tax
 
 (1) 
Ending balance(21) (13) (21) (13)
Foreign currency translation adjustment       
Beginning balance(1,037) (1,021) (1,235) (1,091)
Translation gain (loss), net of tax120
 (10) 318
 60
Ending balance(917) (1,031) (917) (1,031)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss$(935) $(1,049) $(935) $(1,049)
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 North
America
 International Total North
America
 International Total
Finance receivables, net$47,984
 $6,804
 $54,788
 $45,711
 $6,801
 $52,512
Leased vehicles, net$42,770
 $168
 $42,938
 $43,396
 $163
 $43,559
Total assets$101,147
 $9,679
 $110,826
 $100,176
 $9,744
 $109,920
Note 15.13. Regulatory Capital and otherOther Regulatory Matters
We are required to comply with a wide variety of laws and regulations. Certain of our entities operate in international markets as either banks or regulated finance companies that are subject to regulatory restrictions. These regulatory restrictions, among other things, require that certain of these entities meet minimum capital requirements and may restrict dividend distributions and ownership of certain assets. We were in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements as most recently reported.
Total assets of our regulated international banks and finance companies were approximately $7.6$7.7 billion and $6.9$7.9 billion at SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

Note 16. Guarantor Condensed Consolidating Financial Statements
The payment of principal and interest on senior notes issued by our top-tier holding company is currently guaranteed solely by AFSI (the Guarantor) and none of our other subsidiaries (the Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries). The Guarantor is a 100% owned consolidated subsidiary and is unconditionally liable for the obligations represented by the senior notes. The Guarantor’s guarantee may be released only upon customary circumstances, the terms of which vary by issuance. Customary circumstances include the sale or disposition of all of the Guarantor’s assets or capital stock, the achievement of investment grade rating of the senior notes and legal or covenant defeasance.
The condensed consolidating financial statements present consolidating financial data for (i) General Motors Financial Company, Inc. (on a parent-only basis), (ii) the Guarantor, (iii) the combined Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries and (iv) the parent company and our subsidiaries on a consolidated basis at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 (after the elimination of intercompany balances and transactions).
Investments in subsidiaries are accounted for by the parent company using the equity method for purposes of this presentation. Results of operations of subsidiaries are therefore reflected in the parent company's investment accounts and earnings. The principal elimination entries set forth below eliminate investments in subsidiaries and intercompany balances and transactions.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
September 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
 
General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor 
Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
ASSETS         
Cash and cash equivalents$
 $3,546
 $430
 $
 $3,976
Finance receivables, net
 10,097
 30,767
 
 40,864
Leased vehicles, net
 
 41,775
 
 41,775
Goodwill1,095
 
 106
 
 1,201
Equity in net assets of non-consolidated affiliate
 
 1,119
 
 1,119
Related party receivables
 38
 301
 
 339
Other assets855
 1,230
 3,933
 (1,251) 4,767
Assets held for sale
 
 12,095
 (1) 12,094
Due from affiliates32,762
 19,467
 
 (52,229) 
Investment in affiliates10,177
 5,610
 
 (15,787) 
Total assets$44,889
 $39,988
 $90,526
 $(69,268) $106,135
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY         
Liabilities         
Secured debt$
 $
 $41,177
 $(402) $40,775
Unsecured debt34,047
 
 4,216
 
 38,263
Deferred income
 
 3,066
 
 3,066
Related party payables2
 
 251
 
 253
Other liabilities369
 772
 2,157
 (849) 2,449
Liabilities held for sale
 
 10,864
 (6) 10,858
Due to affiliates
 32,576
 19,648
 (52,224) 
Total liabilities34,418
 33,348
 81,379
 (53,481) 95,664
Shareholders' equity         
Common stock
 
 698
 (698) 
Preferred stock
 
 
 
 
Additional paid-in capital7,514
 79
 3,450
 (3,529) 7,514
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(935) (107) (874) 981
 (935)
Retained earnings3,892
 6,668
 5,873
 (12,541) 3,892
Total shareholders' equity10,471
 6,640
 9,147
 (15,787) 10,471
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$44,889
 $39,988
 $90,526
 $(69,268) $106,135











2018.

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 2016
(Unaudited)
 
General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor 
Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
ASSETS         
Cash and cash equivalents$
 $2,284
 $531
 $
 $2,815
Finance receivables, net
 4,969
 28,506
 
 33,475
Leased vehicles, net
 
 34,342
 
 34,342
Goodwill1,095
 
 101
 
 1,196
Equity in net assets of non-consolidated affiliate
 
 944
 
 944
Related party receivables
 25
 322
 
 347
Other assets506
 884
 3,065
 (760) 3,695
Assets held for sale
 
 10,959
 (8) 10,951
Due from affiliates24,548
 16,065
 
 (40,613) 
Investment in affiliates8,986
 6,445
 
 (15,431) 
Total assets$35,135
 $30,672
 $78,770
 $(56,812) $87,765
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDER'S EQUITY         
Liabilities         
Secured debt$
 $
 $35,256
 $(169) $35,087
Unsecured debt26,076
 
 3,400
 
 29,476
Deferred income
 
 2,355
 
 2,355
Related party payables1
 
 319
 
 320
Other liabilities365
 690
 1,677
 (591) 2,141
Liabilities held for sale
 
 9,694
 (1) 9,693
Due to affiliates
 24,437
 16,183
 (40,620) 
Total liabilities26,442
 25,127
 68,884
 (41,381) 79,072
Shareholder's equity         
Common stock
 
 698
 (698) 
Additional paid-in capital6,505
 79
 5,345
 (5,424) 6,505
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(1,238) (161) (1,223) 1,384
 (1,238)
Retained earnings3,426
 5,627
 5,066
 (10,693) 3,426
Total shareholder's equity8,693
 5,545
 9,886
 (15,431) 8,693
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity$35,135
 $30,672
 $78,770
 $(56,812) $87,765







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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF INCOME
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
 General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
Revenue         
Finance charge income$
 $146
 $691
 $
 $837
Leased vehicle income
 
 2,244
 
 2,244
Other income
 306
 
 (226) 80
Total revenue
 452
 2,935
 (226) 3,161
Costs and expenses         
Salaries and benefits
 182
 42
 
 224
Other operating expenses94
 (48) 203
 (127) 122
Total operating expenses94
 134
 245
 (127) 346
Leased vehicle expenses
 
 1,670
 
 1,670
Provision for loan losses
 196
 8
 
 204
Interest expense301
 1
 469
 (99) 672
Total costs and expenses395
 331
 2,392
 (226) 2,892
Equity income461
 306
 41
 (767) 41
Income from continuing operations before income taxes66
 427
 584
 (767) 310
Income tax (benefit) provision(136) 40
 220
 
 124
Income from continuing operations202
 387
 364
 (767) 186
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
 (6) 22
 
 16
Net income202
 381
 386
 (767) 202
          
Net income attributable to common shareholder$200
 $381
 $386
 $(767) $200
          
Comprehensive income$319
 $411
 $525
 $(936) $319



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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF INCOME
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
(Unaudited)
 General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
Revenue         
Finance charge income$
 $127
 $594
 $
 $721
Leased vehicle income
 
 1,582
 
 1,582
Other income
 213
 15
 (171) 57
Total revenue
 340
 2,191
 (171) 2,360
Costs and expenses         
Salaries and benefits
 157
 38
 
 195
Other operating expenses6
 54
 173
 (101) 132
Total operating expenses6
 211
 211
 (101) 327
Leased vehicle expenses
 
 1,197
 
 1,197
Provision for loan losses
 102
 65
 
 167
Interest expense171
 54
 356
 (70) 511
Total costs and expenses177
 367
 1,829
 (171) 2,202
Equity income267
 202
 36
 (469) 36
Income from continuing operations before income taxes90
 175
 398
 (469) 194
Income tax (benefit) provision(72) (17) 149
 
 60
Income from continuing operations162
 192
 249
 (469) 134
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax(15) 
 28
 
 13
Net income$147
 $192
 $277
 $(469) $147
          
Comprehensive income$136
 $183
 $270
 $(453) $136

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF INCOME
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
 General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
Revenue         
Finance charge income$
 $375
 $2,026
 $
 $2,401
Leased vehicle income
 
 6,282
 
 6,282
Other income
 870
 (15) (639) 216
Total revenue
 1,245
 8,293
 (639) 8,899
Costs and expenses         
Salaries and benefits
 504
 117
 
 621
Other operating expenses200
 (43) 587
 (356) 388
Total operating expenses200
 461
 704
 (356) 1,009
Leased vehicle expenses
 
 4,648
 
 4,648
Provision for loan losses
 356
 217
 
 573
Interest expense883
 (28) 1,331
 (283) 1,903
Total costs and expenses1,083
 789
 6,900
 (639) 8,133
Equity income1,051
 797
 129
 (1,848) 129
(Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes(32) 1,253
 1,522
 (1,848) 895
Income tax (benefit) provision(498) 199
 559
 
 260
Income from continuing operations466
 1,054
 963
 (1,848) 635
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax
 (13) (156) 
 (169)
Net income466
 1,041
 807
 (1,848) 466
          
Net income attributable to common shareholder$464
 $1,041
 $807
 $(1,848) $464
          
Comprehensive income$769
 $1,095
 $1,156
 $(2,251) $769

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF INCOME
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
(Unaudited)
 General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
Revenue         
Finance charge income$
 $344
 $1,766
 $
 $2,110
Leased vehicle income
 
 4,144
 
 4,144
Other income(1) 628
 28
 (480) 175
Total revenue(1) 972
 5,938
 (480) 6,429
Costs and expenses         
Salaries and benefits
 432
 104
 
 536
Other operating expenses2
 175
 475
 (292) 360
Total operating expenses2
 607
 579
 (292) 896
Leased vehicle expenses
 
 3,148
 
 3,148
Provision for loan losses
 282
 219
 
 501
Interest expense612
 (67) 1,036
 (188) 1,393
Total costs and expenses614
 822
 4,982
 (480) 5,938
Equity income858
 538
 109
 (1,396) 109
Income from continuing operations before income taxes243
 688
 1,065
 (1,396) 600
Income tax (benefit) provision(272) 63
 394
 
 185
Income from continuing operations515
 625
 671
 (1,396) 415
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of tax(15) 
 100
 
 85
Net income$500
 $625
 $771
 $(1,396) $500
          
Comprehensive income$555
 $653
 $837
 $(1,490) $555

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
 
General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor 
Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities - continuing operations$(690) $616
 $4,869
 $
 $4,795
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities - discontinued operations26
 (24) 241
 
 243
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(664) 592
 5,110
 
 5,038
Cash flows from investing activities         
Purchases of retail finance receivables, net
 (15,709) (11,312) 11,754
 (15,267)
Principal collections and recoveries on retail finance receivables
 1,875
 7,535
 
 9,410
Proceeds from transfer of retail finance receivables, net
 8,787
 2,967
 (11,754) 
Net funding of commercial finance receivables
 (429) (1,128) 
 (1,557)
Purchases of leased vehicles, net
 
 (14,809) 
 (14,809)
Proceeds from termination of leased vehicles
 
 4,649
 
 4,649
Other investing activities
 (288) (10) 233
 (65)
Net change in due from affiliates(8,213) (3,397) 
 11,610
 
Net change in investment in affiliates54
 1,686
 
 (1,740) 
Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operations(8,159) (7,475) (12,108) 10,103
 (17,639)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities - discontinued operations131
 
 (599) 
 (468)
Net cash used in investing activities(8,028) (7,475) (12,707) 10,103
 (18,107)
Cash flows from financing activities         
Net change in debt (original maturities less than three months)66
 
 (371) 
 (305)
Borrowings and issuance of secured debt
 
 26,964
 (233) 26,731
Payments on secured debt
 
 (20,905) 
 (20,905)
Borrowings and issuance of unsecured debt10,133
 
 2,493
 
 12,626
Payments on unsecured debt(2,450) 
 (1,925) 
 (4,375)
Debt issuance costs(42) 
 (89) 
 (131)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock985
 
 
 
 985
Net capital contributions
 
 (1,740) 1,740
 
Net change in due to affiliates
 8,145
 3,465
 (11,610) 
Net cash provided by financing activities - continuing operations8,692
 8,145
 7,892
 (10,103) 14,626
Net cash provided by financing activities - discontinued operations
 
 63
 
 63
Net cash provided by financing activities8,692
 8,145
 7,955
 (10,103) 14,689
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
 1,262
 358
 
 1,620
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
 
 112
 
 112
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
 2,284
 3,018
 
 5,302
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$
 $3,546
 $3,488
 $
 $7,034
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash from continuing operations at end of period$
 $3,546
 $2,923
 $
 $6,469
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash from discontinued operations at end of period$
 $
 $565
 $
 $565
The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the condensed consolidating balance sheet:
 
General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor 
Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
Cash and cash equivalents$
 $3,546
 $430
 $
 $3,976
Restricted cash included in other assets
 
 2,493
 
 2,493
Total$
 $3,546
 $2,923
 $
 $6,469

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
(Unaudited)
 
General
Motors
Financial
Company, Inc.
 Guarantor 
Non-
Guarantors
 Eliminations Consolidated
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities - continuing operations$(454) $(389) $4,409
 $
 $3,566
Net cash provided by operating activities - discontinued operations(15) 10
 295
 
 290
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(469) (379) 4,704
 
 3,856
Cash flows from investing activities         
Purchases of retail finance receivables, net
 (12,676) (10,047) 12,315
 (10,408)
Principal collections and recoveries on retail finance receivables
 1,274
 6,094
 
 7,368
Proceeds from transfer of retail finance receivables, net
 8,232
 4,083
 (12,315) 
Net funding of commercial finance receivables
 (335) (810) 
 (1,145)
Purchases of leased vehicles, net
 
 (14,939) 
 (14,939)
Proceeds from termination of leased vehicles
 
 1,799
 
 1,799
Other investing activities
 (219) (9) 169
 (59)
Net change in due from affiliates(7,506) (6,621) 
 14,127
 
Net change in investment in affiliates24
 2,473
 
 (2,497) 
Net cash used in investing activities - continuing operations(7,482) (7,872) (13,829) 11,799
 (17,384)
Net cash used in investing activities - discontinued operations
 
 (949) 
 (949)
Net cash used in investing activities(7,482) (7,872) (14,778) 11,799
 (18,333)
Cash flows from financing activities         
Net change in debt (original maturities less than three months)1
 
 (302) 
 (301)
Borrowings and issuance of secured debt
 
 18,589
 (169) 18,420
Payments on secured debt
 
 (12,525) 
 (12,525)
Borrowings and issuance of unsecured debt8,987
 
 1,371
 
 10,358
Payments on unsecured debt(1,000) 
 (1,345) 
 (2,345)
Debt issuance costs(37) 
 (75) 
 (112)
Net capital contributions
 
 (2,497) 2,497
 
Net change in due to affiliates
 7,643
 6,484
 (14,127) 
Net cash provided by financing activities - continuing operations7,951
 7,643
 9,700
 (11,799) 13,495
Net cash provided by financing activities - discontinued operations
 
 601
 
 601
Net cash provided by financing activities7,951
 7,643
 10,301
 (11,799) 14,096
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
 (608) 227
 
 (381)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
 
 22
 
 22
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period
 2,319
 2,683
 
 5,002
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$
 $1,711
 $2,932
 $
 $4,643
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash from continuing operations at end of period$
 $1,711
 $2,207
 $
 $3,918
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash from discontinued operations at end of period$
 $
 $725
 $
 $725




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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Basis of Presentation ThisForward-looking statements in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) should be read in conjunction with the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Our European Operations are presented as discontinued operations, and the assets and liabilities of our European Operations are presented as held for sale in our condensed consolidated financial statements for all periods presented. Unless otherwise indicated, information in this discussion and analysis relates to continuing operations. Refer to Note 2 - "Discontinued Operations" to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional details regarding our planned disposal of these operations.
Forward-looking statements in this MD&A are not guarantees of future performance and may involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. Refer to the "Forward-Looking Statements" section of this MD&A and the "Risk Factors" section of our 20162018 Form 10-K for a discussion of these risks and uncertainties.
Basis of Presentation
This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2018 Form 10-K.
Except as otherwise specified, dollar amounts presented within tables are stated in millions.
Retail Our retail automobile finance programs in the U.S. include full-spectrum lending and leasing offered through GM-franchised dealers under the "GM Financial" brand. We also offer a sub-prime lending product through non-GM-franchised and select independent dealers under the "AmeriCredit" brand. Our sub-prime lending program is designed to serve customers who have limited access to automobile financing through banks and credit unions. We therefore generally charge higher rates than those charged by banks and credit unions and expect to sustain a higher level of credit losses than on prime lending. We finance new GM vehicles, moderately-priced new vehicles from other manufacturers, and later-model, low mileage used vehicles.
Our international retail lending and leasing programs focus on financing new GM vehicles and select used vehicles. We also offer finance and/or car-related insurance products through third parties, such as payment protection, gap, extended warranty and motor insurance.
We have expanded our leasing and prime lending programs through GM-franchised dealerships in the U.S.; therefore, leasing and prime lending have become a larger percentage of our originations and retail portfolio balance. We have been the exclusive subvented lease provider for GM in the U.S. since April 2015 and the exclusive subvented loan provider for GM in the U.S. since January 2016. The following table presents our retail loan and lease originations in the North America Segment by FICO score band or equivalents:
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
 Amount Percentage Amount Percentage
Prime - FICO Score 680 and greater$24,082
 74.2% $19,330
 69.6%
Near-prime - FICO Score 620 to 6793,783
 11.7
 3,606
 13.0
Sub-prime - FICO Score less than 6204,577
 14.1
 4,829
 17.4
Total originations$32,442
 100.0% $27,765
 100.0%
The following table summarizes additional information for operating leases (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Operating leases originated(a)
174
 161
 530
 518
Operating leases terminated(b)
98
 36
 242
 94
Operating lease vehicles returned(c)
68
 17
 163
 44
Return rate(d)
69% 47% 67% 47%
________________ 
(a)Operating leases originated represents the number of operating leases we purchase during a given period.
(b)Operating leases terminated represents the number of vehicles for which the lease has ended during a given period.
(c)Operating lease vehicles returned represents the number of vehicles returned to us for remarketing at the end of the lease term.
(d)Return rates are calculated as the number of operating leases returned divided by the number of operating leases terminated.

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

Operating leases terminated and operating lease vehicles returned increased due to the growth and maturity of the leased asset portfolio. Due to the current age and size of our lease portfolio, the current return rate is lower than we expect it to be in future periods as our lease portfolio grows and matures.
The following table summarizes the residual value and the number of units included in leased vehicles, net by vehicle type (units in thousands):
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 Residual Value Units 
Unit
Percentage
 Residual Value Units Unit
Percentage
Cars$5,968
 460
 28.6% $5,240
 420
 31.7%
Trucks6,722
 276
 17.1
 5,231
 224
 16.9
CUVs13,107
 782
 48.5
 10,349
 604
 45.7
SUVs3,456
 93
 5.8
 2,791
 75
 5.7
Total$29,253
 1,611
 100.0% $23,611
 1,323
 100.0%
Based on recent pricing trends for used vehicles in the secondary market, which have remained more favorable than previously expected, as well as the temporary impact from Hurricanes Harvey and Irma, we now expect used car prices to decline less than 7% during 2017 compared to 2016. We continue to expect an increased supply of used vehicles to pressure used car prices in 2018.
Commercial Our commercial lending programs are offered primarily to our GM-franchised dealer customers and their affiliates. Commercial lending products primarily include floorplan financing, working capital financing, loans to purchase and/or finance dealership real estate and loans to finance improvements to dealership facilities. Other commercial products include financing for parts and accessories, dealer fleets and storage centers.
Financing We primarily finance our loan, lease and commercial origination volume through the use of our secured and unsecured credit facilities, through public and private securitization transactions where such markets are developed and through the issuance of unsecured debt in the public markets. Generally, we seek to fund our operations through local sources of funding to minimize currency and country risk, although we may issue debt globally in order to enhance funding source diversification and support financing needs for the U.S. As such, the mix of funding sources varies from country to country, based on the characteristics of our earning assets and the relative development of the capital markets in each country. We actively monitor the capital markets and seek to optimize our mix of funding sources and our cost of funds.
Peugeot S.A. Transaction On March 5, 2017, General Motors Holdings LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of GM and our parent, entered into a Master Agreement (the Agreement) with Peugeot S.A. Pursuant to the Agreement, Peugeot S.A. acquired on July 31, 2017 GM’s Opel and Vauxhall businesses and certain other assets in Europe (the Opel/Vauxhall Business) and will acquire, together with a financial partner, certain of our European financial subsidiaries and branches (collectively, our European Operations and, together with Opel/Vauxhall Business, GM's European Business), as described in Note 2 - "Discontinued Operations" to our condensed consolidated financial statements.
The net consideration to be paid for our European Operations will be 0.8 times their book value at closing. Based on exchange rates at September 30, 2017, we estimate the net consideration will be approximately $1.1 billion, and we currently expect to recognize a disposal loss of approximately $500 million, subject to foreign currency fluctuations, which have had a favorable impact on the estimated loss. The purchase price is subject to certain adjustments as provided in the Agreement. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we recognized a portion of the disposal loss, in accordance with ASC 360 - "Property, Plant and Equipment." We expect to recognize the remainder of the disposal loss at the closing of the transaction.
At and during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the assets and liabilities of our European Operations have been presented as held for sale and its operations and cash flows have been presented as discontinued operations based on the progress towards satisfying the various closing conditions necessary to complete the transaction. The transfer of our European Operations is expected to close by the end of the year subject to the receipt of the remaining necessary regulatory approvals and satisfaction of other closing conditions. Refer to Note 2 - "Discontinued Operations" to our condensed consolidated financial statements for more information related to the assets and liabilities held for sale and discontinued operations of our European Operations.
Our principal focus is on expanding our business in the U.S. to reach full captive penetration levels; therefore, we do not expect that the sale of our European Operations will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition, liquidity or financing strategies, including the mix of secured and unsecured debt issuances. We also do not expect that the sale of our European Operations will result in a material increase in our ratio of total debt to total equity or our earning assets leverage ratio as calculated under our Support Agreement with GM. Due to the size of the prime retail loan portfolio held by our European Operations, we expect that, for a period of time following the sale, leased vehicles will make up a greater

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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

percentage of our earning assets than they have historically. As our U.S. operations increase purchases of prime retail loans, we expect that our earning asset mix will return to more recent historical levels. We will distribute 50% of the sales proceeds to GM as a special dividend shortly following the completion of the sale.
We continue to expect pre-tax income to double from 2014 earnings of $815 million once full captive penetration levels are achieved on a consistent basis.
Results of Operations
In our tabular presentation of the changes in results between financial periods, we provide the following information:  (i) the amount of change excluding the impact of foreign currency translation (FX); (ii) the amount of the impact of foreign currency translation; and (iii) the total change. The amount of the impact of foreign currency translation is derived by translating current year results at the average of prior year exchange rates, and is driven by the change in the U.S. Dollar against the currencies used by our foreign operations. We believe the amount of change excluding the foreign currency translation impact facilitates a better comparison of results. In our discussion below, we discuss changes in relevant items excluding any foreign currency translation impact. Average balances are calculated using daily balances, where available. Otherwise, average balances are calculated using monthly balances.
Results of Operations
Earnings before taxes for the six months ended June 30, 2019 decreased to $895 million from $979 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 due primarily to the following:
Retail finance charge income increased $151 million due primarily to an increase in the average balance of the consumer finance receivables portfolio, partially offset by a decrease in effective yield as the portfolio shifts to lower yielding prime loan assets.
Commercial finance charge income increased $94 million due to an increase in the average balance of the commercial finance receivables portfolio as well as increased interest rates on the portfolio.
Leased vehicle income net of leased vehicle expenses increased $97 million due primarily to a higher volume of lease terminations.
Provision expense increased $90 million due primarily to a decrease in the loss confirmation period and an increase in the recovery rate forecast on repossessed vehicles, both of which we recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Interest expense increased $364 million with $183 million of the increase due to an increase in the average balance of debt outstanding, and $181 million of the increase due to an increase in the effective rate of interest on debt.
Return on average common equity is widely used to measure earnings in relation to invested capital. Our return on average common equity decreased to 13.0% for the four quarters ended June 30, 2019 from 14.7% for the four quarters ended June 30, 2018 due primarily to a higher effective tax rate.
We use return on average tangible common equity (a non-GAAP measure) to measure our contribution to GM's enterprise profitability and cash flow. Our return on average tangible common equity decreased to 14.7% for the four quarters ended June 30, 2019 from 16.8% for the four quarters ended June 30, 2018 due primarily to a higher effective tax rate.
The following table presents our reconciliation of return on average tangible common equity to return on average common equity, the most directly comparable GAAP measure:
 Four Quarters Ended
 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018
Net income attributable to common shareholder$1,351
 $1,163
Plus: loss from discontinued operations, net of tax
 239
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholder$1,351
 $1,402
    
Average equity$11,722
 $10,279
Less: average preferred equity(1,363) (758)
Average common equity10,359
 9,521
Less: average goodwill(1,187) (1,198)
Average tangible common equity$9,172
 $8,323
    
Return on average common equity13.0% 14.7%
Return on average tangible common equity14.7% 16.8%

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Our calculation of this non-GAAP measure may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies due to potential differences between companies in the method of calculation. As a result, the use of this non-GAAP measure has limitations and should not be considered superior to, in isolation from, or as a substitute for, related U.S. GAAP measures. This non-GAAP measure allows investors the opportunity to measure and monitor our performance against our externally communicated targets and evaluate the investment decisions being made by management to improve our return on average tangible common equity. Management uses this measure in its financial, investment and operational decision-making processes, for internal reporting and as part of its forecasting and budgeting processes. For these reasons we believe this non-GAAP measure is useful for our investors.
Three Months Ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 compared to Three Months Ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162018
Average Earning AssetsThree Months Ended September 30, 2017 vs. 2016Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 vs. 2018
2017 2016 Change excluding FX FX Total change %2019 2018 Amount Percentage
Average retail finance receivables$31,796
 $24,740
 $6,905
 $151
 $7,056
 28.5%$42,447
 $35,081
 $7,366
 21.0 %
Average commercial finance receivables9,617
 6,161
 3,397
 59
 3,456
 56.1%12,606
 10,333
 2,273
 22.0 %
Average finance receivables41,413
 30,901
 10,302
 210
 10,512
 34.0%55,053
 45,414
 9,639
 21.2 %
Average leased vehicles, net40,789
 29,971
 10,736
 82
 10,818
 36.1%42,998
 43,805
 (807) (1.8)%
Average earning assets$82,202
 $60,872
 $21,038
 $292
 $21,330
 35.0%$98,051
 $89,219
 $8,832
 9.9 %
                  
Retail finance receivables purchased$4,686
 $4,159
 $495
 $32
 $527
 12.7%$7,113
 $6,051
 $1,062
 17.6 %
Leased vehicles purchased$6,557
 $6,129
 $411
 $17
 $428
 7.0%$5,911
 $6,201
 $(290) (4.7)%
Average retail finance receivables increased due to a higher volume of new loan originations in excess of principal collections and payoffs. Our retail penetration of GM's retail sales in the U.S. increased to 47.1% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 from 45.4% for three months ended June 30, 2018 due primarily to further alignment with GM and greater dealer engagement. Average commercial finance receivables increased due primarily to an increase in our GM-franchised dealer commercial lending relationships. Leased vehicles purchased during the three months ended June 30, 2019 decreased primarily as a result of the continued increase of our share ofa change in GM's business in the U.S. The increase in average leased vehicles, net primarily resulted from our exclusive lease subvention arrangement in the U.S. with GM.retail sales mix.
RevenueThree Months Ended September 30, 2017 vs. 2016Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 vs. 2018
2017 2016 Change excluding FX FX Total change %2019 2018 Amount Percentage
Finance charge income                  
Retail finance receivables$724
 $655
 $61
 $8
 $69
 10.5%$831
 $754
 $77
 10.2 %
Commercial finance receivables$113
 $66
 $46
 $1
 $47
 71.2%$177
 $130
 $47
 36.2 %
Leased vehicle income$2,244
 $1,582
 $655
 $7
 $662
 41.8%$2,512
 $2,497
 $15
 0.6 %
Other income$80
 $57
 $21
 $2
 $23
 40.4%$119
 $107
 $12
 11.2 %
Equity income$41
 $36
 $5
 $
 $5
 13.9%$42
 $45
 $(3) (6.7)%
Effective yield - retail finance receivables9.0% 10.5%        7.9% 8.6%    
Effective yield - commercial finance receivables4.7% 4.3%        5.6% 5.0%    
Finance charge income on retail finance receivables increased due to growth in the portfolio, substantiallypartially offset by a decrease in effective yield. The effective yield on our retail finance receivables decreased due primarily to a decrease in the average annual percentage rate on new originations in the U.S. to 5.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from 6.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2016, as we have increased our lending to borrowers with prime credit. The effective yield represents finance charges, rate subvention and fees recorded in earnings during the period as a percentage of average retail finance receivables. The effective yield, as a percentage of average retail finance receivables, is higher than the contractual rates of our auto finance contracts primarily because the effective yield includes, in addition to the contractual rates and fees, the impact of rate subvention provided by GM.

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Finance charge income on commercial finance receivables increased due to growth in the portfolio, including an increase in the number of dealers in our floorplan program, and due to an increase in the effective yield resulting from rising benchmark interest rates.
The increase in leased vehicleOther income reflects the growth of the leased asset portfolio.
Equity income in our China joint venture increased due primarily to growthan increase in asset levels driven by increased retail penetration.investment income due to higher short-term interest rates.

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Costs and ExpensesThree Months Ended September 30, 2017 vs. 2016Three Months Ended June 30, 2019 vs. 2018
2017 2016 Change excluding FX FX Total change %2019 2018 Amount Percentage
Operating expenses$346
 $327
 $18
 $1
 $19
 5.8%$377
 $382
 $(5) (1.3)%
Leased vehicle expenses$1,670
 $1,197
 $469
 $4
 $473
 39.5%$1,637
 $1,684
 $(47) (2.8)%
Provision for loan losses$204
 $167
 $36
 $1
 $37
 22.2%$179
 $128
 $51
 39.8 %
Interest expense$672
 $511
 $157
 $4
 $161
 31.5%$952
 $803
 $149
 18.6 %
Average debt outstanding$78,953
 $56,902
 $21,823
 $228
 $22,051
 38.8%$92,529
 $83,714
 $8,815
 10.5 %
Effective rate of interest on debt3.4% 3.6%        4.1% 3.8%    
Operating Expenses The increase in operating expenses relates to the growth in earning assets and investments to support the prime lending program and enhance lease origination and servicing capabilities in the U.S. Operating expenses as an annualized percentage of average earning assets decreased to 1.7% from 2.1%1.5% for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, compared to2019 from 1.7% for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018, due primarily to efficiency gains achieved through higher earning asset levels.
Leased Vehicle Expenses Leased vehicle expenses, which are primarily comprised of depreciation of leased vehicles, increased due to the growth of the leased asset portfolio.
Provision for Loan Losses The provision for retail loan losses increased due primarily to the growth of the retail finance receivables portfolio. As an annualized percentage of average retail finance receivables, the provision for retail loan losses decreasedincreased to 2.5%1.6% for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 from 2.6%1.4% for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018, due primarily to a shiftan increase in the credit mix of the portfolio to a larger percentage of prime loans. The provision for commercial loan losses was insignificant forour recovery rate forecast on repossessed vehicles we recorded in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016.2018.
Interest Expense Interest expense increased due primarily to an increase in the average debt outstanding resulting from growth in the loan and lease portfolios.earning assets as well as a higher effective rate of interest on our debt.
Taxes Our consolidated effective income tax rate was 46.1%26.9% and 38.0%19.1% of income before income taxes and equity income for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016.2018. The increase in the effective income tax rate is due primarily to differencesa reduction in U.S. taxation of foreign earnings and a decrease in certain U.S. federalour electrical vehicle tax credits.credit.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Foreign currency translation adjustments included in other comprehensive income (loss) were $120$8 million and $(10)$(245) million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016.2018. Translation adjustments resultresulted from changes in the values of our international currency-denominated assets and liabilities as the value of the U.S. Dollar changeschanged in relation to international currencies. The foreign currency translation gain for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was due primarily to changes in the value of the Chinese Yuan Renminbi and the Canadian Dollar. The foreign currency translation loss for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was due primarily to changes in the value of the Brazilian Real, the Chinese Yuan Renminbi, the Mexican Peso and the Canadian Dollar.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Average Earning AssetsSix Months Ended June 30, 2019 vs. 2018
 2019 2018 Amount Percentage
Average retail finance receivables$42,018
 $34,253
 $7,765
 22.7 %
Average commercial finance receivables12,389
 10,177
 2,212
 21.7 %
Average finance receivables54,407
 44,430
 9,977
 22.5 %
Average leased vehicles, net43,216
 43,498
 (282) (0.6)%
Average earning assets$97,623
 $87,928
 $9,695
 11.0 %
        
Retail finance receivables purchased$14,275
 $11,129
 $3,146
 28.3 %
Leased vehicles purchased$11,121
 $11,913
 $(792) (6.6)%
Average retail finance receivables increased due to a higher volume of new loan originations in excess of principal collections and payoffs. Our retail penetration of GM's retail sales in the U.S. increased to 49.8% for the six months ended June 30, 2019 from 44.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 due primarily to further alignment with GM and greater dealer engagement. Average commercial finance receivables increased due primarily to an increase in our GM-franchised dealer commercial lending relationships. Leased vehicles purchased during the six months ended June 30, 2019 decreased primarily as a result of a change in GM's retail sales mix.

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Average Earning AssetsNine Months Ended September 30, 2017 vs. 2016
 2017 2016 Change excluding FX FX Total change %
Average retail finance receivables$29,918
 $23,728
 $6,030
 $160
 $6,190
 26.1%
Average commercial finance receivables8,844
 5,731
 3,091
 22
 3,113
 54.3%
Average finance receivables38,762
 29,459
 9,121
 182
 9,303
 31.6%
Average leased vehicles, net38,282
 26,128
 12,131
 23
 12,154
 46.5%
Average earning assets$77,044
 $55,587
 $21,252
 $205
 $21,457
 38.6%
            
Retail finance receivables purchased$15,546
 $10,580
 $4,872
 $94
 $4,966
 46.9%
Leased vehicles purchased$19,581
 $19,327
 $242
 $12
 $254
 1.3%
Average finance receivables increased as a result of the continued increase of our share of GM's business. The increase in average leased vehicles, net primarily resulted from our exclusive lease subvention arrangement in the U.S. with GM.
RevenueNine Months Ended September 30, 2017 vs. 2016Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 vs. 2018
2017 2016 Change excluding FX FX Total change %2019 2018 Amount Percentage
Finance charge income                  
Retail finance receivables$2,098
 $1,924
 $140
 $34
 $174
 9.0%$1,647
 $1,496
 $151
 10.1 %
Commercial finance receivables$303
 $186
 $113
 $4
 $117
 62.9%$348
 $254
 $94
 37.0 %
Leased vehicle income$6,282
 $4,144
 $2,133
 $5
 $2,138
 51.6%$5,021
 $4,944
 $77
 1.6 %
Other income$216
 $175
 $35
 $6
 $41
 23.4%$243
 $205
 $38
 18.5 %
Equity income$129
 $109
 $24
 $(4) $20
 18.3%$87
 $97
 $(10) (10.3)%
Effective yield - retail finance receivables9.4% 10.8%        7.9% 8.8%    
Effective yield - commercial finance receivables4.6% 4.3%        5.7% 5.0%    
Finance charge income on retail finance receivables increased due to growth in the portfolio, substantiallypartially offset by a decrease in effective yield. The effective yield on our retail finance receivables decreased due primarily to a decrease in the average annual percentage rate on new originations in the U.S. to 5.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from 7.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, as we have increased our lending to borrowers with prime credit. The effective yield represents finance charges, rate subvention and fees recorded in earnings during the period as a percentage of average retail finance receivables. The effective yield, as a percentage of average retail finance receivables, is higher than the contractual rates of our auto finance contracts primarily because the effective yield includes, in addition to the contractual rates and fees, the impact of rate subvention provided by GM.
Finance charge income on commercial finance receivables increased due to growth in the portfolio, including an increase in the number of dealers in our floorplan program, and due to an increase in the effective yield resulting from rising benchmark interest rates.
The increase in leased vehicleOther income reflects the growth of the leased asset portfolio.
Equity income in our China joint venture increased due primarily to growthan increase in asset levels driven by increased retail penetration.

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investment income due to higher short-term interest rates.
Costs and ExpensesNine Months Ended September 30, 2017 vs. 2016Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 vs. 2018
2017 2016 Change excluding FX FX Total change %2019 2018 Amount Percentage
Operating expenses$1,009
 $896
 $103
 $10
 $113
 12.6%$747
 $747
 $
  %
Leased vehicle expenses$4,648
 $3,148
 $1,497
 $3
 $1,500
 47.6%$3,451
 $3,471
 $(20) (0.6)%
Provision for loan losses$573
 $501
 $70
 $2
 $72
 14.4%$354
 $264
 $90
 34.1 %
Interest expense$1,903
 $1,393
 $489
 $21
 $510
 36.6%$1,899
 $1,535
 $364
 23.7 %
Average debt outstanding$73,278
 $52,378
 $20,720
 $180
 $20,900
 39.9%$92,434
 $82,611
 $9,823
 11.9 %
Effective rate of interest on debt3.5% 3.6%        4.1% 3.7%    
Operating Expenses The increase in operating expenses relates to the growth in earning assets and investments to support the prime lending program and enhance lease origination and servicing capabilities in the U.S. Operating expenses as an annualized percentage of average earning assets decreased to 1.8% from 2.2%1.5% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, compared to2019 from 1.7% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018, due primarily to efficiency gains achieved through higher earning asset levels.
Leased Vehicle Expenses Leased vehicle expenses, which are primarily comprised of depreciation of leased vehicles, increased due to the growth of the leased asset portfolio.
Provision for Loan Losses The provision for retail loan losses increased due primarily to the growth of the retail finance receivables portfolio. As an annualized percentage of average retail finance receivables, the provision for retail loan losses decreasedincreased to 2.5%1.6% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 from 2.8%1.5% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018, due primarily to a decrease in the loss confirmation period as well as an increase in our recovery rate forecast on repossessed vehicles, both of which we recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2018. The loss confirmation period, which represents the average amount of time between when a loss event first occurs to when the receivable is charged off, decreased due to a shift in the credit mix of the portfolio to a larger percentage of prime loans. The provision for commercial loan losses was insignificant for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.
Interest Expense Interest expense increased due primarily to an increase in the average debt outstanding resulting from growth in the loan and lease portfolios.earning assets as well as a higher effective rate of interest on our debt.
Taxes Our consolidated effective income tax rate was 33.9%27.4% and 37.7%19.0% of income before income taxes and equity income for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016.2018. The decreaseincrease in the effective income tax rate is due primarily to reduced tax expense attributable to entities includeda reduction in our effectiveelectrical vehicle tax rate calculation and an increase in certain U.S. federal tax credits.credit.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment Foreign currency translation adjustments included in other comprehensive income (loss) were $318$65 million and $60$(186) million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016.2018. Translation adjustments resultresulted from changes in the values of our international currency-denominated assets and liabilities as the value of the U.S. Dollar changeschanged in relation to international currencies. The foreign currency translation gain for the six months ended June 30, 2019 was due primarily to changes in the value of the Canadian Dollar and the Mexican Peso. The foreign currency translation loss for the six months ended June 30, 2018 was due primarily to changes in the value of the Brazilian Real, the Canadian Dollar and the Chinese Yuan Renminbi.

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Earning Asset Quality
Retail Finance Receivables Our retail finance receivables portfolio includes loans made to consumers and businesses to finance the purchase of vehicles for personal and commercial use. A summary of the credit risk profile by FICO score or its equivalent, determined at origination, of the retail finance receivables is as follows:
Retail Finance ReceivablesSeptember 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Amount Percent Amount Percent
Prime - FICO Score 680 and greater$26,194
 61.4% $24,434
 60.0%
Near-prime - FICO Score 620 to 6796,544
 15.3
 6,144
 15.1
Sub-prime - FICO Score less than 6209,961
 23.3
 10,124
 24.9
Retail finance receivables, net of fees$32,317
 $26,400
42,699
 100.0% 40,702
 100.0%
Less: allowance for loan losses(899) (765)(881)   (844)  
Retail finance receivables, net$31,418
 $25,635
$41,818
   $39,858
  
Number of outstanding contracts2,262,017
 2,011,818
2,678,131
   2,607,703
  
Average amount of outstanding contracts (in dollars)(a)
$14,287
 $13,122
$15,944
   $15,608
  
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of retail finance receivables, net of fees2.8% 2.9%2.1%   2.1%  
_________________ 
(a)
Average amount of outstanding contracts consists of retail finance receivables, net of fees, divided by number of outstanding contracts.
At September 30, 2017,Delinquency The following is a consolidated summary of the allowance for loan losses as a percentagecontractual amounts of delinquent retail finance receivables, net of fees, decreased fromreceivables:
 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018
 Amount Percent of Contractual Amount Due Amount Percent of Contractual Amount Due
31 - 60 days$1,083
 2.5% $1,178
 3.3%
Greater than 60 days498
 1.2
 462
 1.3
Total finance receivables more than 30 days delinquent1,581
 3.7
 1,640
 4.6
In repossession48
 0.1
 57
 0.1
Total finance receivables more than 30 days delinquent or in repossession$1,629
 3.8% $1,697
 4.7%
Delinquency improved due primarily to the level at December 31, 2016 consistent with the improvedcontinued shift in credit mix in our portfolio resulting from our expansion ofto prime lending. The allowance for loan losses reflects our estimate of the impact on credit losses resulting from hurricane activity during the three months ended September 30, 2017, which we expect to be minimal.

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credit.
Deferrals In accordance with our policies and guidelines in the North America Segment, we may offer payment deferrals to retail customers, whereby the borrower is allowed to move up to two delinquent payments to the end of the loan generally by paying a fee (approximately the interest portion of the payment deferred, except where state law provides for a lesser amount). Our policies and guidelines limit the number and frequency of deferrals that may be granted. Additionally, we generally limit the granting of deferrals on new accounts until a requisite number of payments have been received. Contracts receiving a payment deferral as an average quarterly percentage of average retail finance receivables outstanding increased to 6.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from 5.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2016 primarily due to deferrals granted on accounts of borrowers who were impacted by hurricane activity during the quarter. Contracts receiving a payment deferral as an average quarterly percentage of average retail finance receivables outstanding were 4.9% and 5.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. Deferrals in the International Segment were insignificant.
Delinquency and Troubled Debt RestructuringsTDRs Refer to Note 43 - "Finance Receivables" to our condensed consolidated financial statements for further discussion of delinquent retail finance receivables and TDRs.
Net Charge-offs The following table presents charge-off data with respect to our retail finance receivables portfolio:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162019 2018 2019 2018
Charge-offs$286
 $284
 $856
 $826
$279
 $298
 $586
 $593
Less: recoveries(135) (128) (420) (403)(132) (145) (277) (268)
Net charge-offs$151
 $156
 $436
 $423
$147
 $153
 $309
 $325
Net charge-offs as an annualized percentage(a)
1.9% 2.5% 1.9% 2.4%
Net charge-offs as an annualized percentage of average retail finance receivables1.4% 1.7% 1.5% 1.9%
_________________ 
(a)Net charge-offs as an annualized percentage is calculated as a percentage of average retail finance receivables.
Net charge-offs as an annualized percentage of average retail finance receivables decreased during the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 from the priorcorresponding period in 2018, due primarily due to the shift in the North America receivables portfolio toward prime credit quality and due to growth in the North America portfolio. The recovery rate as a percentagequality.

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Table of gross repossession charge-offs in North America was 51.8% and 52.4% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 52.3% and 53.8% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.Contents
GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

Commercial Finance ReceivablesSeptember 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Commercial finance receivables, net of fees$9,495
 $7,880
$13,046
 $12,721
Less: allowance for loan losses(49) (40)(76) (67)
Total commercial finance receivables, net$9,446
 $7,840
Commercial finance receivables, net$12,970
 $12,654
Number of dealers1,502
 1,356
1,809
 1,750
Average carrying amount per dealer$6
 $6
$7
 $7
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of commercial finance receivables, net of fees0.5% 0.5%0.6% 0.5%
There were insignificant charge-offs of commercial finance receivables during the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and none during the three and nine months ended September2018. At June 30, 2016. At September 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016,2018, substantially all of our commercial finance receivables were current with respect to payment status and none were classified as TDRs. The inventory securing our commercial finance receivables is generally covered by insurance; therefore, we do not expect any significant impact to credit losses resulting from hurricane activity during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
Leased Vehicles At SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016,2018, 99.1% ofand 98.8% of our operating leases were current with respect to payment status. Our
The following table summarizes the residual value and the number of units included in leased vehicles, are generally insured; therefore, we do not expect any significant losses resulting from hurricane activity duringnet by vehicle type (units in thousands):
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 Residual Value Units 
Percentage
of Units
 Residual Value Units Percentage
of Units
Crossovers$15,887
 961
 57.6% $15,057
 917
 53.8%
Trucks7,138
 287
 17.2
 7,299
 296
 17.4
Cars4,137
 310
 18.6
 4,884
 379
 22.3
SUVs4,007
 110
 6.6
 4,160
 111
 6.5
Total$31,169
 1,668
 100.0% $31,400
 1,703
 100.0%
Used vehicle prices for the threesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019 decreased slightly compared to the same period in 2018. We expect used vehicle prices to decrease between 4% and 5% for the full year 2019 compared to 2018, due primarily to continued increases in the industry supply of used vehicles as well as increases in our volume of lease terminations.

The following table summarizes additional information for operating leases (in thousands):
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 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Operating leases originated148
 160
 286
 309
Operating leases terminated166
 139
 321
 263
Operating lease vehicles returned(a)
125
 92
 242
 186
Percentage of lease vehicles returned(b)
75% 66% 75% 71%
________________ 
(a)Represents the number of vehicles returned to us for remarketing.
(b)Calculated as the number of operating leases returned divided by the number of operating leases terminated.
Operating leases originated decreased primarily as a result of a change in GM's retail sales mix. Operating leases terminated and operating lease vehicles returned increased due to the maturity of the leased asset portfolio. The return rate can fluctuate based upon the level of used vehicle pricing compared to residual values at lease inception and growth and age of the lease portfolio.
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GENERAL MOTORS FINANCIAL COMPANY, INC.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
General Our primary sources of cash are finance charge income, leasing income and proceeds from the sale of terminated leased vehicles, servicing fees, net distributions from secured debtcredit facilities, including securitizations, secured and unsecured borrowings, and collections and recoveries on finance receivables. Our primary uses of cash are purchases of retail finance receivables and leased vehicles, the funding of commercial finance receivables, repayment of secured and unsecured debt, funding credit enhancement requirements in connection with securitizations and secured credit facilities, interest costs and operating expenses and interest costs.expenses.
OurTypically, our purchase and funding of retail and commercial finance receivables and leased vehicles are financed initially by utilizing cash and borrowings on our secured credit facilities. Subsequently, we typically obtain long-term financing for finance receivables and leased vehicles through securitization transactions and the issuance of unsecured debt.

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Cash Flow During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, net cash provided by operating activities increased due primarily to an increasea decrease in net leased vehicle income, partially offset by increasedcollateral posted for derivative positions of $0.7 billion as a result of favorable changes in interest expense and operating expenses.rates on our collateralized derivative portfolio.
During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, net cash used in investing activities increaseddecreased due primarily to an increase in net purchases of retail finance receivables of $4.9 billion and an increase in net fundings of commercial finance receivables of $0.4 billion, partially offset by a decrease in purchases of leased vehicles of $130 million, increased collections and recoveries on retail finance receivables of $2.0$4.5 billion, and an increase in proceeds received on terminated leases of $2.9$1.1 billion, a decrease in purchases of leased vehicles of $0.9 billion, and a decrease in funding of commercial finance receivables of $0.3 billion, partially offset by an increase in purchases of retail finance receivables of $3.3 billion.
During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, net cash provided byused in financing activities increased due primarily to the issuance of preferred stock of $985 million and an increase in borrowings,payments, net of repayments,borrowings of $146 million.$5.2 billion.
LiquiditySeptember 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Cash and cash equivalents(a)
$3,976
 $2,815
$3,594
 $4,883
Borrowing capacity on unpledged eligible assets12,661
 8,321
20,037
 18,048
Borrowing capacity on committed unsecured lines of credit132
 105
435
 290
Borrowing capacity on the Junior Subordinated Revolving Credit Facility1,000
 1,000
1,000
 1,000
Borrowing capacity on the GM Revolving 364-Day Credit Facility2,000
 2,000
Available liquidity$17,769
 $12,241
$27,066
 $26,221
_________________
(a)
Includes $377$430 million and $454$503 million in unrestricted cash outside of the U.S. at SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016.2018. This cash is considered to be indefinitely invested based on specific plans for reinvestment of these earnings.
During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, available liquidity increased due primarily to an increase in cash and additionalborrowing capacity on new and renewed secured revolving credit facilities, resulting from the issuance of securedsecuritizations and unsecured debt and preferred stock.debt.
We have the abilityThe Support Agreement provides that GM will use commercially reasonable efforts to borrow upensure that we will continue to $1.0 billionbe designated as a subsidiary borrower under GM's three-year, $4.0 billion unsecured revolving credit facility and up to $3.0 billion under GM's five-year, $10.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility, subject to available capacity. Our borrowings under GM's facilities are limited by GM's ability to borrow the entire amount available under the facilities. Therefore, we may be able to borrow up to $4.0 billion in total or may be unable to borrow depending on GM's borrowing activity. If we do borrow under these facilities, we expect such borrowings would be short-term in nature and, except in extraordinary circumstances, would not be used to fund our operating activities in the ordinary course of business. Neither we, nor any of our subsidiaries, guarantee any obligations under these facilities and none of our assets secure these facilities. Liquidity available to us underIn April 2019, GM renewed the GM unsecured revolving credit facilities is not included in the table above.Revolving 364-Day Credit Facility for an additional 364-day term. This facility has been allocated for exclusive access by us since April 2018. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we had no amounts borrowedborrowings outstanding under eitherany of GM's unsecured revolving creditthese facilities.
Credit Facilities In the normal course of business, in addition to using our available cash, we utilize borrowingsfund our operations by borrowing under our credit facilities, which may be secured and/or structured as securitizations, or may be unsecured, and weunsecured. We repay these borrowings as appropriate under our liquidity management strategy.

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At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, credit facilities consist of the following:
Facility Type Facility Amount Advances Outstanding Facility Amount Advances Outstanding
Revolving retail asset-secured facilities(a)
 $21,077
 $4,563
 $22,639
 $2,007
Revolving commercial asset-secured facilities(b)
 3,920
 188
 3,983
 273
Total secured 24,997
 4,751
 26,622
 2,280
Unsecured committed facilities(c)
 132
 
 435
 
Unsecured uncommitted facilities(d)(c)
 2,162
 2,162
 1,785
 1,785
Total unsecured 2,294
 2,162
 2,220
 1,785
Junior Subordinated Revolving Credit Facility 1,000
 
 1,000
 
GM Revolving 364-Day Credit Facility 2,000
 
Total $28,291
 $6,913
 $31,842
 $4,065
_________________
(a)Includes committed and uncommitted revolving credit facilities backed by retail finance receivables and leases. The financial institutions providing the uncommitted facilities are not contractually obligated to advance funds under them. We had $158$97 million in advances outstanding and $831$725 million in unused borrowing capacity on these facilities at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019.
(b)Includes revolving credit facilities backed by loans to dealers for floorplan financing.
(c)Does not include $4.0 billion in liquidity available to us under GM's unsecured revolving credit facilities.
(d)The financial institutions providing the uncommitted facilities are not contractually obligated to advance funds under them. We had $1.3$1.6 billion in unused borrowing capacity on these facilities at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019.
Refer to Note 87 - "Debt" to our consolidated financial statements in our 2018 Form 10-K for further discussion of the terms of our revolving credit facilities.
Securitization Notes Payable We periodically finance our retail and commercial finance receivables and leases through public and private term securitization transactions, where the securitization markets are sufficiently developed. A summary of securitization notes payable is as follows:
Year of Transaction 
Maturity Date(a)
 
Original Note
Issuance
(b)
 Note Balance
At September 30, 2017
 
Maturity Date (a)
 
Original Note
Issuance
(b)
 Note Balance
At June 30, 2019
2013 October 2020-October 2021 $4,058
 $523
2014 July 2019-March 2022 $6,336
 1,685
2015 July 2019-December 2023 $13,110
 5,553
 January 2021-December 2023 $5,297
 $626
2016 April 2018-September 2024 $15,528
 10,652
 March 2021-September 2024 $7,300
 1,858
2017 August 2019-February 2025 $19,039
 17,686
 August 2019-May 2025 $22,344
 10,431
2018 June 2020-September 2026 $23,005
 16,429
2019 April 2022-November 2026 $10,426
 9,495
Total active securitizations   36,099
   38,839
Debt issuance costs   (75)   (72)
Total   $36,024
   $38,767
_________________ 
(a)Maturity dates represent legal final maturity of issued notes. The notes are expected to be paid based on amortization of the finance receivables and leases pledged.
(b)At historical foreign currency exchange rates at the time of issuance.
Our securitizations utilize special purpose entities which are also VIEsvariable interest entities that meet the requirements to be consolidated in our financial statements. Refer to Note 87 - "Variable Interest Entities" to our condensed consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q for further discussion.
Senior Notes and Other Unsecured Debt We periodically access the unsecured debt capital markets through the issuance of senior unsecured notes, predominantly from registered shelves innotes. At June 30, 2019, the U.S., Europe and Mexico. At September 30, 2017, the par valueaggregate principal amount of our outstanding unsecured senior notes was $35.2$45.0 billion.
We issue other unsecured debt through commercial paper offerings and other bank and non-bank funding sources. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we had $1.3$3.4 billion of this type of unsecured debt outstanding.
Support Agreement At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019 and December 31, 2018, our earning assets leverage ratio calculated in accordance with the terms of the Support Agreement was 10.23,8.62x and 9.05x, and the applicable leverage ratio threshold was 11.50.11.50x.

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Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains several "forward-looking statements." Forward-looking statements are those that use words such as "believe," "expect," "intend," "plan," "may," "likely," "should," "estimate," "continue," "future" or "anticipate" and other comparable expressions. These words indicate future events and trends. Forward-looking statements are our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. These forward-looking statements are subject to many assumptions, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ significantly from historical results or from those anticipated by us. The most significant risks are detailed from time to time in our filings and reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC),SEC, including our Annual Report on2018 Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.10-K. It is advisable not to place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to, and do not, publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, except as required by federal securities laws, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
The following factors are among those that may cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or from the forward-looking statements:
GM's ability to sell new vehicles that we finance in the markets we serve;
the viability of GM-franchised dealers that are commercial loan customers;
changes in the automotive industry that result in a change in demand for vehicles and related vehicle financing;
the sufficiency, availability and cost of sources of financing;financing, including credit facilities, securitization programs and secured and unsecured debt issuances;
our joint ventureventures in China, which we cannot operate solely for our benefit and over which we have limited control;
the adequacy of our underwriting criteria for loans and leases and the level of net charge-offs, delinquencies and prepayments on the loans and leases we purchase or originate;
the adequacy of our allowance for loan losses on our finance receivables;
the effect, interpretation or application of new or existing laws, regulations, court decisions and accounting pronouncements;
adverse determinations with respect to the application of existing laws, or the results of any audits from tax authorities, as well as changes in tax laws and regulations, supervision, enforcement and licensing across various jurisdictions;
the prices at which used carsvehicles are sold in the wholesale auction markets;
vehicle return rates, our ability to estimate residual value at the inception of a lease and the residual value performance on vehicles we lease;
interest rate fluctuations and certain related derivatives exposure;
foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations;
fluctuations and other risks applicable to our financial condition and liquidity, as well as future cash flows and earnings;operations outside of the U.S.;
changes in general economicto the LIBOR calculation process and business conditions;
competition;potential phasing out of LIBOR;
our ability to effectively manage capital or liquidity consistent with evolving business or operational needs, risk management standards, and regulatory or supervisory requirements;
changes in local, regional, national or international economic, social or political conditions;
our ability to maintain and expand our market share due to competition in the automotive finance industry from a large number of banks, credit unions, independent finance companies and other captive automotive finance subsidiaries;
our ability to secure private customer and employee data or our proprietary information, manage risks related to security breaches and other disruptions to our networks and systems;systems and comply with enterprise data regulations in all key market regions; and
changes in business strategy, including expansion of product lines and credit risk appetite, acquisitions and divestitures; and
risks and uncertainties associated with the consummation of the sale of GM's European Business to Peugeot S.A., including satisfaction of the closing conditions.divestitures.
If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those expected, estimated or projected.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no significantmaterial changes in our exposure to market risk since December 31, 2016.2018. Refer to Item 7A - "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in our 20162018 Form 10-K.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported

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within the specified time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer (CEO) and principal financial officer (CFO), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our management, with the participation of our CEO and CFO, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act) at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019. Based on this evaluation required by paragraph (b) of RuleRules 13a-15 and/orand 15d-15, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.

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2019.
Changes in Internal Control Overover Financial Reporting There have not been anywere no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three monthsquarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
Refer to Note 109 -"Commitments and Contingencies" to our condensed consolidated financial statements for information relating to certain legal proceedings.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
We face a number of significant risks and uncertainties in connection with our operations. Our business, results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected by these risks factors. There have been no material changes to the Risk Factors disclosed in our 20162018 Form 10-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits
  Filed HerewithIncorporated by Reference
     
  Incorporated by Reference
     
  Filed Herewith
     
 Filed Herewith
 
Furnished with
this Report
Herewith
     
101.INS XBRL Instance Document Filed Herewith
     
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document Filed Herewith
     
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document Filed Herewith
     
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document Filed Herewith
     
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document Filed Herewith
     
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document Filed Herewith
__________
*The Company agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
Instruments defining the rights of holders of certain issues of long-term debt of General Motors Financial Company, Inc. have not been filed as exhibits because the authorized principal amount of any one of such issues does not exceed 10% of the total assets of General Motors Financial Company, Inc. General Motors Financial Company, Inc. will furnish a copy of each such instrument to the SEC upon request.




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SIGNATURESIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
     General Motors Financial Company, Inc.
     (Registrant)
      
Date:October 24, 2017August 1, 2019 By: 
/S/    CHRIS A. CHOATE        
S/    SUSAN B. SHEFFIELD        
     (Signature)
Chris A. ChoateSusan B. Sheffield
     Executive Vice President and
     Chief Financial Officer


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