UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31,June 30, 2020
Commission File Number 0-15572
FIRST BANCORP
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
North Carolina 56-1421916
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
      
300 SW Broad St.,Southern Pines,North Carolina 28387
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
      
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code) (910)246-2500
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, No Par ValueFBNCThe Nasdaq Global Select Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding twelve months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one)
 Large Accelerated FilerAccelerated Filer
 Non-Accelerated FilerSmaller Reporting Company
   Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No
The number of shares of the registrant's Common Stock outstanding on April 30,July 31, 2020 was 29,040,827.28,976,681.
 



INDEX
FIRST BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARIES
 Page
  
 
  
 
  
 
  


Page 2


FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Part I of this report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, which statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are statements that include projections, predictions, expectations or beliefs about future events or results or otherwise are not statements of historical fact. Further, forward-looking statements are intended to speak only as of the date made. Such statements are often characterized by the use of qualifying words (and their derivatives) such as “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” or other statements concerning our opinions or judgment about future events. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements, as they will depend on many factors about which we are unsure, including many factors which are beyond our control. Factors that could influence the accuracy of such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the financial success or changing strategies of our customers, our level of success in integrating acquisitions, actions of government regulators, the level of market interest rates, and general economic conditions.conditions, including the impact of the current pandemic. For additional information about factors that could affect the matters discussed in this paragraph, see the “Risk Factors” section of our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.10-K and Item 1A of Part II of this report.


Page 3


Part I. Financial Information
Item 1 - Financial Statements
First Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
($ in thousands)March 31,
2020 (unaudited)
 December 31,
2019
June 30,
2020 (unaudited)
 December 31,
2019
ASSETS 
  
 
  
Cash and due from banks, noninterest-bearing$93,666
 64,519
$94,684
 64,519
Due from banks, interest-bearing282,683
 166,783
584,830
 166,783
Total cash and cash equivalents376,349
 231,302
679,514
 231,302
      
Securities available for sale806,470
 821,945
784,832
 821,945
Securities held to maturity (fair values of $62,385 and $68,333)61,303
 67,932
Securities held to maturity (fair values of $96,318 and $68,333)94,924
 67,932
      
Presold mortgages in process of settlement14,861
 19,712
31,015
 19,712
SBA Loans held for sale18,449
 
3,382
 
      
Loans4,552,708
 4,453,466
4,770,063
 4,453,466
Allowance for loan losses(24,498) (21,398)(42,342) (21,398)
Net loans4,528,210
 4,432,068
4,727,721
 4,432,068
      
Premises and equipment113,669
 114,859
115,373
 114,859
Operating right-of-use lease assets19,347
 19,669
18,833
 19,669
Accrued interest receivable15,767
 16,648
19,943
 16,648
Goodwill234,368
 234,368
234,368
 234,368
Other intangible assets15,461
 17,217
14,472
 17,217
Foreclosed properties3,487
 3,873
2,987
 3,873
Bank-owned life insurance105,083
 104,441
105,712
 104,441
Other assets63,234
 59,605
55,519
 59,605
Total assets$6,376,058
 6,143,639
$6,888,595
 6,143,639
      
LIABILITIES      
Deposits: Noninterest bearing checking accounts$1,580,849
 1,515,977
$2,041,778
 1,515,977
Interest bearing checking accounts922,985
 912,784
1,112,625
 912,784
Money market accounts1,224,414
 1,173,107
1,353,053
 1,173,107
Savings accounts431,377
 424,415
474,455
 424,415
Time deposits of $100,000 or more639,762
 649,947
610,137
 649,947
Other time deposits245,601
 255,125
239,090
 255,125
Total deposits5,044,988
 4,931,355
5,831,138
 4,931,355
Borrowings402,185
 300,671
112,199
 300,671
Accrued interest payable2,100
 2,154
1,525
 2,154
Operating lease liabilities19,578
 19,855
19,109
 19,855
Other liabilities45,009
 37,203
56,733
 37,203
Total liabilities5,513,860
 5,291,238
6,020,704
 5,291,238
      
Commitments and contingencies


 




 


      
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY      
Preferred stock, no par value per share. Authorized: 5,000,000 shares      
Issued & outstanding: none and none
 

 
Common stock, no par value per share. Authorized: 40,000,000 shares      
Issued & outstanding: 29,040,827 and 29,601,264 shares410,236
 429,514
Issued & outstanding: 28,976,681 and 29,601,264 shares408,699
 429,514
Retained earnings430,709
 417,764
441,846
 417,764
Stock in rabbi trust assumed in acquisition(2,602) (2,587)(2,217) (2,587)
Rabbi trust obligation2,602
 2,587
2,217
 2,587
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)21,253
 5,123
17,346
 5,123
Total shareholders’ equity862,198
 852,401
867,891
 852,401
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$6,376,058
 6,143,639
$6,888,595
 6,143,639
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.


Page 4

Index

First Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income
($ in thousands, except share data-unaudited)Three Months Ended
March 31,
 Three Months Ended
June 30,
 Six Months Ended
June 30,
2020 2019 2020 2019 2020 2019
INTEREST INCOME           
Interest and fees on loans$55,297
 53,960
 $51,964
 55,652
 107,261
 109,612
Interest on investment securities:        

 

Taxable interest income5,474
 4,737
 4,771
 4,993
 10,245
 9,730
Tax-exempt interest income164
 337
 117
 271
 281
 608
Other, principally overnight investments1,098
 2,701
 788
 2,106
 1,886
 4,807
Total interest income62,033
 61,735
 57,640
 63,022
 119,673
 124,757
           
INTEREST EXPENSE           
Savings, checking and money market accounts2,359
 2,009
 1,333
 2,335
 3,692
 4,344
Time deposits of $100,000 or more2,924
 3,178
 2,323
 3,522
 5,247
 6,700
Other time deposits490
 390
 418
 467
 908
 857
Borrowings1,501
 2,797
 942
 2,289
 2,443
 5,086
Total interest expense7,274
 8,374
 5,016
 8,613
 12,290
 16,987
           
Net interest income54,759
 53,361
 52,624
 54,409
 107,383
 107,770
Provision for loan losses5,590
 500
 19,298
 (308) 24,888
 192
Net interest income after provision for loan losses49,169
 52,861
 33,326
 54,717
 82,495
 107,578
           
NONINTEREST INCOME           
Service charges on deposit accounts3,337
 2,945
 2,289
 3,210
 5,626
 6,155
Other service charges, commissions and fees4,069
 4,506
 4,624
 5,050
 8,693
 9,556
Fees from presold mortgage loans1,841
 545
 3,020
 857
 4,861
 1,402
Commissions from sales of insurance and financial products2,068
 2,029
 2,090
 2,204
 4,158
 4,233
SBA consulting fees1,027
 1,263
 3,739
 921
 4,766
 2,184
SBA loan sale gains647
 2,062
 1,965
 3,069
 2,612
 5,131
Bank-owned life insurance income642
 646
 629
 631
 1,271
 1,277
Securities gains (losses), net8,024
 
 8,024
 
Other gains (losses), net74
 82
 (187) (308) (113) (226)
Total noninterest income13,705
 14,078
 26,193
 15,634
 39,898
 29,712
           
NONINTEREST EXPENSES           
Salaries expense20,110
 18,965
 20,606
 19,732
 40,716
 38,697
Employee benefits expense4,547
 4,588
 3,847
 4,418
 8,394
 9,006
Total personnel expense24,657
 23,553
 24,453
 24,150
 49,110
 47,703
Occupancy expense2,958
 2,754
 2,724
 2,729
 5,682
 5,483
Equipment related expenses1,145
 1,369
 1,020
 1,183
 2,165
 2,552
Merger and acquisition expenses
 110
 
 103
 
 213
Intangibles amortization expense1,055
 1,332
 978
 1,242
 2,033
 2,574
Foreclosed property losses, net159
 245
 35
 381
 194
 626
Other operating expenses10,102
 9,411
 9,691
 10,296
 19,793
 19,707
Total noninterest expenses40,076
 38,774
 38,901
 40,084
 78,977
 78,858
           
Income before income taxes22,798
 28,165
 20,618
 30,267
 43,416
 58,432
Income tax expense4,618
 5,880
 4,266
 6,408
 8,884
 12,288
           
Net income$18,180
 22,285
 $16,352
 23,859
 34,532
 46,144
           
Earnings per common share:           
Basic$0.62
 0.75
 $0.56
 0.80
 1.18
 1.55
Diluted0.62
 0.75
 0.56
 0.80
 1.18
 1.55
           
Dividends declared per common share$0.18
 0.12
 $0.18
 0.12
 0.36
 0.24
           
Weighted average common shares outstanding:           
Basic29,230,788
 29,587,217
 28,799,828
 29,626,931
 29,015,308
 29,607,074
Diluted29,399,114
 29,743,395
 28,969,728
 29,796,941
 29,184,421
 29,808,859
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.


Page 5

Index

First Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
    
($ in thousands-unaudited)Three Months Ended
March 31,
Three Months Ended
June 30,
 Six Months Ended
June 30,
2020 20192020 2019 2020 2019
Net income$18,180
 22,285
$16,352
 23,859
 34,532
 46,144
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale:          
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period, pretax20,765
 5,903
2,772
 11,701
 23,537
 17,604
Tax (expense) benefit(4,772) (1,380)(637) (2,714) (5,409) (4,094)
Reclassification to realized (gains) losses(8,024) 
 (8,024) 
Tax expense (benefit)1,844
 
 1,844
 
Postretirement Plans:          
Amortization of unrecognized net actuarial loss178
 228
180
 228
 358
 456
Tax benefit(41) (54)(42) (63) (83) (117)
Other comprehensive income (loss)16,130
 4,697
(3,907) 9,152
 12,223
 13,849
Comprehensive income$34,310
 26,982
$12,445
 33,011
 46,755
 59,993
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.


Page 6

Index

First Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

($ in thousands, except share data - unaudited)Common Stock Retained
Earnings
 Stock in
Rabbi
Trust
Assumed
in
Acquisition
 Rabbi
Trust
Obligation
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
(Loss)
 Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Common Stock Retained
Earnings
 Stock in
Rabbi
Trust
Assumed
in
Acquisition
 Rabbi
Trust
Obligation
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
(Loss)
 Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Shares Amount Shares Amount 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019          
Balances, January 1, 201929,725
 $434,453
 341,738
 (3,235) 3,235
 (11,961) 764,230
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019Three Months Ended June 30, 2019          
Balances, April 1, 201929,746
 $434,948
 360,455
 (3,245) 3,245
 (7,264) 788,139
                          
Net income    22,285
       22,285
    23,859
       23,859
Cash dividends declared ($0.12 per common share)    (3,568)       (3,568)    (3,566)       (3,566)
Change in Rabbi Trust Obligation      (10) 10
   
      379
 (379)   
Equity issued related to acquisition earnout78
 3,070
         3,070
Stock repurchases(182) (6,524)         (6,524)
Stock option exercises9
 129
         129
Stock withheld for payment of taxes(3) (91)         (91)
 
         
Stock-based compensation24
 586
         586
66
 910
         910
Other comprehensive income (loss)          4,697
 4,697
          9,152
 9,152
                          
Balances, March 31, 201929,746
 $434,948
 360,455
 (3,245) 3,245
 (7,264) 788,139
Balances, June 30, 201929,717
 $432,533
 380,748
 (2,866) 2,866
 1,888
 815,169
                          
                          
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020          
Balances, January 1, 202029,601
 $429,514
 417,764
 (2,587) 2,587
 5,123
 852,401
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020Three Months Ended June 30, 2020          
Balances, April 1, 202029,041
 $410,236
 430,709
 (2,602) 2,602
 21,253
 862,198
                          
Net income  

 18,180
 

 

 

 18,180
  

 16,352
 

 

 

 16,352
Cash dividends declared ($0.18 per common share)  

 (5,235) 

 

 

 (5,235)  

 (5,215) 

 

 

 (5,215)
Change in Rabbi Trust Obligation  

 

 (15) 15
 

 
  

 

 385
 (385) 

 
Stock repurchases(576) (20,000)         (20,000)(104) (2,432)         (2,432)
Stock-based compensation16
 722
         722
40
 895
         895
Other comprehensive income (loss)          16,130
 16,130
          (3,907) (3,907)
                          
Balances, March 31, 202029,041
 $410,236
 430,709
 (2,602) 2,602
 21,253
 862,198
Balances, June 30, 202028,977
 $408,699
 441,846
 (2,217) 2,217
 17,346
 867,891

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.








Page 7

Index

($ in thousands, except share data - unaudited)Common Stock 
Retained
Earnings
 
Stock in
Rabbi
Trust
Assumed
in
Acquisition
 
Rabbi
Trust
Obligation
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
(Loss)
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Shares Amount     
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019          
Balances, January 1, 201929,725
 $434,453
 341,738
 (3,235) 3,235
 (11,961) 764,230
              
Net income    46,144
       46,144
Cash dividends declared ($0.24 per common share)    (7,134)       (7,134)
Change in Rabbi Trust Obligation      369
 (369)   
Equity issued related to acquisition earnout78
 3,070
         3,070
Stock repurchases(182) (6,524)         (6,524)
Stock option exercises9
 129
         129
Stock withheld for payment of taxes(2) (91)         (91)
Stock-based compensation89
 1,496
         1,496
Other comprehensive income (loss)          13,849
 13,849
              
Balances, June 30, 201929,717
 $432,533
 380,748
 (2,866) 2,866
 1,888
 815,169
              
              
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020          
Balances, January 1, 202029,601
 429,514
 417,764
 (2,587) 2,587
 5,123
 852,401
              
Net income    34,532
       34,532
Cash dividends declared ($0.36 per common share)    (10,450)       (10,450)
Change in Rabbi Trust Obligation      370
 (370)   
Stock repurchases(680) (22,432)         (22,432)
Stock-based compensation56
 1,617
         1,617
Other comprehensive income (loss)          12,223
 12,223
              
Balances, June 30, 202028,977
 $408,699
 441,846
 (2,217) 2,217
 17,346
 867,891

See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.



Page 78

Index

First Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
($ in thousands-unaudited)Three Months Ended
March 31,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
2020 20192020 2019
Cash Flows From Operating Activities      
Net income$18,180
 22,285
$34,532
 46,144
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Provision for loan losses5,590
 500
24,888
 192
Net security premium amortization804
 459
1,605
 1,104
Loan discount accretion(1,841) (1,419)(3,234) (3,149)
Other purchase accounting accretion and amortization, net14
 (13)32
 (18)
Foreclosed property losses and write-downs, net159
 245
194
 626
Other gains(74) (82)
Gains on securities available for sale(8,024) 
Other losses113
 226
Decrease (increase) in net deferred loan costs320
 (325)8,789
 (485)
Depreciation of premises and equipment1,563
 1,468
2,963
 2,886
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets496
 475
1,010
 911
Repayments of lease obligations(452) (455)(920) (1,198)
Stock-based compensation expense513
 403
1,408
 1,202
Amortization of intangible assets1,055
 1,332
2,033
 2,574
Amortization of SBA servicing assets918
 299
1,416
 621
Fees/gains from sale of presold mortgages and SBA loans(2,488) (2,607)(7,473) (6,533)
Origination of presold mortgage loans in process of settlement(48,143) (19,025)(170,961) (53,390)
Proceeds from sales of presold mortgage loans in process of settlement54,764
 20,506
165,223
 52,878
Origination of SBA loans for sale(36,081) (38,329)(58,396) (91,323)
Proceeds from sales of SBA loans16,031
 30,678
45,306
 73,313
Decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable881
 (512)
Increase in other assets(1,738) (4,493)
Increase in accrued interest receivable(3,295) (905)
(Increase) decrease in other assets(8,206) 80
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable(54) 365
(629) 282
Increase in other liabilities3,255
 5,254
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities16,123
 (1,382)
Net cash provided by operating activities13,672
 17,009
44,497
 24,656
      
Cash Flows From Investing Activities      
Purchases of securities available for sale(9,423) (161,892)(252,256) (256,609)
Purchases of securities held to maturity(3,624) 
(50,272) 
Proceeds from maturities/issuer calls of securities available for sale45,037
 29,313
91,976
 82,952
Proceeds from maturities/issuer calls of securities held to maturity10,075
 10,098
22,907
 21,725
Purchases of FRB and FHLB stock, net(4,572) (308)
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale219,697
 
Redemptions of FRB and FHLB stock, net7,754
 4,207
Net increase in loans(95,680) (45,018)(311,493) (67,139)
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed properties889
 1,513
1,354
 3,262
Purchases of premises and equipment(1,321) (1,450)(4,428) (1,968)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment189
 279
192
 240
Net cash used by investing activities(58,430) (167,465)(274,569) (213,330)
      
Cash Flows From Financing Activities      
Net increase in deposits113,664
 137,957
899,841
 183,823
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings(48,000) 
(98,000) (55,000)
Proceeds from long-term borrowings150,000
 
150,000
 
Payments on long-term borrowings(531) (529)(240,562) (50,559)
Cash dividends paid – common stock(5,328) (2,972)(10,563) (6,542)
Repurchases of common stock(20,000) 
(22,432) (6,524)
Proceeds from stock option exercises
 129
Payment of taxes related to stock withheld
 (91)
 (91)
Net cash provided by financing activities189,805
 134,365
678,284
 65,236
      
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents145,047
 (16,091)448,212
 (123,438)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period231,302
 462,898
231,302
 462,898
      
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$376,349
 446,807
$679,514
 339,460
      
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information:      
Cash paid during the period for interest$7,328
 8,009
$12,919
 16,705
Cash paid during the period for income taxes20
 103
1,110
 13,196
Non-cash: Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale, net of taxes15,993
 4,523
18,128
 13,510
Non-cash: Foreclosed loans transferred to other real estate662
 708
662
 1,555
Non-cash: Initial recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets
 19,406

 19,406
Non-cash: Initial recognition of operating lease liabilities
 19,406

 19,406
Non-cash: Equity issued related to acquisition earn-out
 3,070
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


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First Bancorp and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)For the Period Ended March 31,June 30, 2020 
Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Risks and Uncertainties
Basis of Presentation
In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position of the Company as of March 31,June 30, 2020, the consolidated results of operations for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, and the consolidated cash flows for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019. All such adjustments were of a normal, recurring nature. Reference is made to the 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for a discussion of accounting policies and other relevant information with respect to the financial statements. The results of operations for the periods ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The Company has evaluated all subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued.
Risks and Uncertainties
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has negatively impacted the global economy, disrupted global supply chains and increased unemployment levels. The resulting temporary closure of many businesses and the implementation of social distancing and sheltering-in-place policies have impacted and may continue to impact many of the Company’s customers. While the full effects of the pandemic remain unknown, the Company is committed to supporting its customers, employees and communities during this difficult time. The Company has given hardship relief assistance to customers, including the consideration of various loan payment deferral and fee waiver options, and encourages customers to reach out for assistance to support their individual circumstances.
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was signed by the President of the United States. Certain provisions within the CARES Act encourage financial institutions to practice prudent efforts to work with borrowers impacted by COVID-19. Under these provisions, which the Company has applied, modifications deemed to be COVID-19-related would not be considered a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) if the loan was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 and the deferral was executed between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of 60 days after the date of termination of the COVID-19 national emergency or December 31, 2020. The banking regulators issued similar guidance, which also clarified that a COVID-19-related modification would not meet the requirements under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America to be a TDR if the borrower was current on payments at the time the underlying loan modification program was implemented and if the modification is considered to be short-term. Under these terms, as of March 31,June 30, 2020, the Company had processedhas payment deferrals for 3151,483 loans with an aggregate loan balance of $120 million. Through April 30, 2020, the number of deferrals increased to 1,269 with an aggregate loan balance of $647$774 million. These deferrals wereare generally no more than 90 days in duration. As the initial 90 day deferrals expire, the Company is approving second deferral requests based on the circumstances of each borrower. Thus a portion of the deferrals at June 30, 2020 represent grants of second deferrals for those borrowers whose initial deferrals were on or prior to April 1, 2020.
Additionally, the Company is a lender for the Small Business Administration's (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"), a program under the CARES Act, and other SBA, Federal Reserve or United States Treasury programs that have been created in response to the pandemic and may be a lender for programs created in the future. These programs arewere new and their effects on the Company’s business areremain uncertain. In April and early MayThrough June 30, 2020, the Company approved 2,799and funded 2,810 PPP loans totaling approximately $249.5$244.9 million under the allocation approved by Congress, of which $208.0 million had been funded at May 6, 2020.
The Company identified several loan portfolio categories totaling approximately $553 million that it considered to be most “at-risk” from the COVID-19 pandemic, including hotels, restaurants, retail stores, travel accommodations, child care facilities, arts and entertainment, barber shops and beauty salons, car and boat dealers, and mini-storage facilities, as well as all credit cards. As a result of the analysis, the Company recorded an approximately $4.3 million COVID-19 related provision for loan losses, which brought the total provision for loan losses to $5.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. The amount was determined as if the risk grades for the loans in these portfolios had been adjusted downwards and then applying the historical loss rates associated with those risk grades.



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Congress.

In a period of economic contraction, additionalelevated levels of loan losses and lost interest income may occur, either in the industries previously noted or others to which the Company has exposure.occur.  The Company continues to accrue interest on loans modified in accordance with the CARES Act.  To the extent those borrowers are unable to resume normal contractual payments, the Company could experience additional losses of principal and interest.
Note 2 – Accounting Policies
Accounting Standards:


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Note 1 to the 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC contains a description of the accounting policies followed by the Company and a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements. The following paragraphs update that information as necessary.
SBA Loans Held for Sale - SBA Loans Held for Sale represent the guaranteed portion of SBA loans that the Company intends to sell in the near future. These loans are carried at the lower of cost or market as determined on an individual loan basis.
Accounting Standards Adopted in 2020
In January 2017, the FASB amended the Goodwill and Other Intangibles topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to simplify the accounting for goodwill impairment for public business entities and other entities that have goodwill reported in their financial statements and have not elected the private company alternative for the subsequent measurement of goodwill. The amendment removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. The amount of goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. The effective date and transition requirements for the technical corrections were effective for the Company on January 1, 2020 and the adoption of this amendment did not have a material effect on the Company's financial statements. The Company's policy is to test goodwill for impairment annually on October 31 or on an interim basis if an event triggering impairment may have occurred. During the period ended March 31, 2020, the economic turmoil and market volatility resulting from the COVID-19 crisis resulted in a substantial decrease in the Company's stock price and market capitalization. Management believed such decrease was a triggering indicator requiring an interim goodwill impairment quantitative analysis. UnderThe results of the new simplified guidance, the CompanyMarch 31, 2020 determined that none of it'sthe Company's goodwill was impaired as of March 31, 2020. The Company reviewed and updated this analysis as of June 30, 2020 and again determined that there was no impairment of its goodwill. Management will continue to evaluate the economic conditions at future reporting periods for applicable changes.
In August 2018, the FASB amended the Fair Value Measurement Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments remove, modify, and add certain fair value disclosure requirements based on the concepts in the FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting—Chapter 8: Notes to Financial Statements. The amendments were effective on January 1, 2020. These amendments did not have a material effect on the Company's financial statements.
In March 2019, the FASB issued guidance to address concerns companies had raised about an accounting exception they would lose when assessing the fair value of underlying assets under the leases standard and clarify that lessees and lessors are exempt from a certain interim disclosure requirement associated with adopting the new standard. The amendments were effective for the Company on January 1, 2020 and their adoption did not have a material effect on its financial statements.
Accounting Standards Pending Adoption
In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance to change the accounting for credit losses. The guidance requires an entity to utilize a new impairment model known as the current expected credit loss ("CECL") model to estimate its lifetime "expected credit losses" and record an allowance that, when deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial assets, presents the net amount expected to be collected on the financial assets.  In May 2019, the FASB issued additional guidance to provide entities with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option, applied on an instrument-by-instrument basis for eligible instruments, upon the adoption of the CECL model. The Company does not expect to elect this option. The CECL framework is expected to result in earlier recognition of credit losses and is expected to be significantly influenced by the composition, characteristics and quality of the Company's loan portfolio, as well as the prevailing economic conditions and forecasts. Except as discussed below, the Company would have applied the new guidance through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption, which, for the Company, is January 1, 2020, with future adjustments to credit loss


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expectations recorded through the income statement as charges or credits to earnings. In the first quarter of 2020, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the CARES Act was enacted by the United States Congress and signed by the President. This CARES Act included an election to defer the implementation of CECL until the earlier of the cessation of the national emergency or December 31, 2020. The Company is prepared for CECL implementation but elected to defer its effective date, as permitted by the CARES Act, because of the challenges associated with developing a reliable forecast of losses that may result from the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. Upon the adoption of CECL, the Company expects its allowance for credit losses related to all financial assets will increase to approximately $40-$44 million as of January 1, 2020 compared to its allowance for loan losses at December 31,


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2019 of approximately $21 million. As noted above, this initial impact will be reflected as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings.
In August 2018, the FASB amended the Compensation - Retirement Benefits – Defined Benefit Plans Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification to improve disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. The guidance removes disclosures that are no longer considered cost-beneficial, clarifies the specific requirements of disclosures, and adds disclosure requirements identified as relevant. The amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
In March 2020, the FASB issued guidance to provide temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The amendments are effective as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The Company does not expect these amendments to have a material effect on its financial statements.
Other accounting standards that have been issued or proposed by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
See Note 1 regarding temporary provisions of the Coronavirus Aid Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) related to loans.
Note 3 – Reclassifications
Certain amounts reported in the periods ended March 31,June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2019 may have been reclassified to conform to the presentation for March 31,June 30, 2020. TheseAny reclassifications had no effect on net income or shareholders’ equity for the periods presented, nor did they materially impact trends in financial information.
Note 4 – Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recorded total stock-based compensation expense of $513,000$895,000 and $403,000$801,000 for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.respectively, and $1,408,000 and $1,202,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, which includes the value of stock grants to directors as discussed below. The Company recognized $118,000$206,000 and $93,000$184,000 of income tax benefits related to stock-based compensation expense in the income statement for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $324,000 and $246,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
At March 31,June 30, 2020, the sole equity-based compensation plan for the Company is the First Bancorp 2014 Equity Plan (the "Equity Plan"), which was approved by shareholders on May 8, 2014. As of March 31,June 30, 2020, the Equity Plan had 616,757576,614 shares remaining available for grant.
The Equity Plan is intended to serve as a means to attract, retain and motivate key employees and directors and to associate the interests of the plans' participants with those of the Company and its shareholders. The Equity Plan allows for both grants of stock options and other types of equity-based compensation, including stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted performance stock, unrestricted stock, and performance units.
Recent equity awards to employees have been made in the form of shares of restricted stock with service vesting conditions only. Compensation expense for these awards is recorded over the requisite service periods. Upon forfeiture, any previously recognized compensation cost is reversed. Upon a change in control (as defined in the plans), unless the awards remain outstanding or substitute equivalent awards are provided, the awards become immediately vested.
Certain of the Company’s equity grants contain terms that provide for a graded vesting schedule whereby portions of the award vest in increments over the requisite service period. The Company recognizes compensation expense for awards with graded vesting schedules on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for each incremental award. Compensation expense is based on the estimated number of stock options and awards that will


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ultimately vest. Over the past five years, there have been insignificant amounts of forfeitures, and therefore the Company assumes that all awards granted with service conditions only will vest. The Company issues new shares of common stock when options are exercised.
In addition to employee equity awards, the Company's practice is to grant common shares, valued at approximately $32,000 to each non-employee director (currently 11 in total) in June of each year. Compensation expense


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associated with these director awards is recognized on the date of award since there are no vesting conditions. On June 1, 2020, the Company granted 14,146 shares of common stock to non-employee directors (1,286 shares per director), at a fair market value of $24.87 per share, which was the closing price of the Company's common stock on that date, and resulted in $352,000 in expense. On June 1, 2019, the Company granted 9,030 shares of common stock to non-employee directors (903 shares per director), at a fair market value of $35.41 per share, which was the closing price of the Company's common stock on that date, and resulted in $320,000 in expense. The expense associated with director grants is classified as "other operating expense" in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
The following table presents information regarding the activity for the first threesix months of 2020 related to the Company’s outstanding restricted stock:
 Long-Term Restricted Stock Long-Term Restricted Stock
Number of Units 
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
Number of Units 
Weighted-Average
Grant-Date Fair Value
Nonvested at January 1, 2020 159,366
 $36.79
 159,366
 $36.79
Granted during the period 15,969
 36.29
 41,966
 28.58
Vested during the period (1,042) 28.80
 (2,790) 36.26
Forfeited or expired during the period 
 
 
 
        
Nonvested at March 31, 2020 174,293
 $36.79
Nonvested at June 30, 2020 198,542
 $35.06

Total unrecognized compensation expense as of March 31,June 30, 2020 amounted to $2,957,000$3,034,000 with a weighted-average remaining term of 1.9 years. For the nonvested awards that are outstanding at March 31,June 30, 2020, the Company expects to record $1,821,000$1,853,000 in compensation expense in the next twelve months, $1,440,000$1,017,000 of which is expected to be recorded in the remaining quarters of 2020.
Prior to 2010, stock options were the primary form of stock-based compensation utilized by the Company. At March 31,June 30, 2020, there were 0 stock options outstanding. During both the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2020, and 2019, there were 0 stock option exercises. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, there were $129,000 in stock option exercises.
Note 5 – Earnings Per Common Share
Basic Earnings Per Common Share is calculated by dividing net income, less income allocated to participating securities, by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding unvested shares of restricted stock. For the Company, participating securities include unvested shares of restricted stock. Diluted Earnings Per Common Share is computed by assuming the issuance of common shares for all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the reporting period. For the periods presented, the Company’s potentially dilutive common stock issuances related to unvested shares of restricted stock and stock option grants under the Company’s equity-based plans, as well as contingently issuable shares.
In computing Diluted Earnings Per Common Share, adjustments are made to the computation of Basic Earnings Per Common shares, as follows. As it relates to unvested shares of restricted stock, the number of shares added to the denominator is equal to the total number of weighted average unvested shares outstanding. As it relates to stock options, it is assumed that all dilutive stock options are exercised during the reporting period at their respective exercise prices, with the proceeds from the exercises used by the Company to buy back stock in the open market at the average market price in effect during the reporting period. The difference between the number of shares assumed to be exercised and the number of shares bought back is included in the calculation of dilutive securities. As it relates to contingently issuable shares, the number of shares that are included in the calculation of dilutive securities is based on the weighted average number of shares that would have been issuable if the end of the reporting period were the end of the contingency period. If any of the potentially dilutive common stock issuances have an anti-dilutive effect, the potentially dilutive common stock issuance is disregarded.



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The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in computing Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Common Share:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, For the Three Months Ended June 30,
 2020 2019 2020 2019
($ in thousands except per
share amounts)
 Per Share
Amount
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 Per Share
Amount
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
 
Income
(Numerator)
 
Shares
(Denominator)
 
Per Share
Amount
Basic EPS:                        
Net income $18,180
     $22,285
     $16,352
     $23,859
    
Less: income allocated to participating securities (81)     
     (96)     (114)    
Basic EPS per common share $18,099
 29,230,788
 $0.62
 $22,285
 29,587,217
 $0.75
 $16,256
 28,799,828
 $0.56
 $23,745
 29,626,931
 $0.80
                        
Diluted EPS:                        
Net income $18,180
 29,230,788
   $22,285
 29,587,217
   $16,352
 28,799,828
   $23,859
 29,626,931
  
Effect of Dilutive Securities 
 168,326
   
 156,178
   
 169,900
   
 170,010
  
Diluted EPS per common share $18,180
 29,399,114
 $0.62
 $22,285
 29,743,395
 $0.75
 $16,352
 28,969,728
 $0.56
 $23,859
 29,796,941
 $0.80
For both the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, there
  For the Six Months Ended June 30,
  2020 2019
($ in thousands except per
share amounts)
 Income
(Numerator)
 Shares
(Denominator)
 Per Share
Amount
 Income
(Numerator)
 Shares
(Denominator)
 Per Share
Amount
Basic EPS:            
Net income $34,532
     $46,144
    
Less: income allocated to participating securities $(200)     $(227)    
Basic EPS per common share $34,332
 29,015,308
 $1.18
 $45,917
 29,607,074
 $1.55
             
Diluted EPS:            
Net income $34,532
 29,015,308
   $46,144
 29,607,074
  
Effect of Dilutive Securities 
 169,113
   
 201,785
  
Diluted EPS per common share $34,532
 29,184,421
 $1.18
 $46,144
 29,808,859
 $1.55

There were 0 antidilutive options that were antidilutive.for any of the periods presented.



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Note 6 – Securities

The book values and approximate fair values of investment securities at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are summarized as follows:
($ in thousands)March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 Unrealized 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 Unrealized
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 Unrealized 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 Unrealized
 Gains (Losses) Gains (Losses)  Gains (Losses) Gains (Losses)
Securities available for sale:                              
Government-sponsored enterprise securities$5,000
 5,032
 32
 
 20,000
 20,009
 17
 (8)$45,024
 45,394
 370
 
 20,000
 20,009
 17
 (8)
Mortgage-backed securities727,261
 756,926
 29,892
 (227) 758,491
 767,285
 9,463
 (669)670,861
 694,299
 23,913
 (475) 758,491
 767,285
 9,463
 (669)
Corporate bonds43,701
 44,512
 866
 (55) 33,711
 34,651
 1,025
 (85)43,691
 45,139
 1,702
 (254) 33,711
 34,651
 1,025
 (85)
Total available for sale$775,962
 806,470
 30,790
 (282) 812,202
 821,945
 10,505
 (762)$759,576
 784,832
 25,985
 (729) 812,202
 821,945
 10,505
 (762)
                              
Securities held to maturity:                              
Mortgage-backed securities$39,113
 39,992
 879
 
 41,423
 41,542
 125
 (6)$36,387
 37,363
 976
 
 41,423
 41,542
 125
 (6)
State and local governments22,190
 22,393
 209
 (6) 26,509
 26,791
 285
 (3)58,537
 58,955
 418
 
 26,509
 26,791
 285
 (3)
Total held to maturity$61,303
 62,385
 1,088
 (6) 67,932
 68,333
 410
 (9)$94,924
 96,318
 1,394
 
 67,932
 68,333
 410
 (9)


All of the Company’s mortgage-backed securities were issued by government-sponsored corporations, except for private mortgage-backed securities with a fair value of $1.0 million and $1.1 million as of March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.



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The following table presents information regarding securities with unrealized losses at March 31,June 30, 2020:
($ in thousands)
Securities in an Unrealized
Loss Position for
Less than 12 Months
 
Securities in an Unrealized
Loss Position for
More than 12 Months
 Total
Securities in an Unrealized
Loss Position for
Less than 12 Months
 
Securities in an Unrealized
Loss Position for
More than 12 Months
 Total
Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
Government-sponsored enterprise securities$
 
 
 
 
 
$
 
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed securities3,389
 28
 10,570
 199
 13,959
 227
67,514
 276
 6,772
 199
 74,286
 475
Corporate bonds3,949
 50
 995
 5
 4,944
 55
13,866
 134
 880
 120
 14,746
 254
State and local governments3,615
 6
 
 
 3,615
 6

 
 
 
 
 
Total temporarily impaired securities$10,953
 84
 11,565
 204
 22,518
 288
$81,380
 410
 7,652
 319
 89,032
 729

The following table presents information regarding securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2019:
($ in thousands)
Securities in an Unrealized
Loss Position for
Less than 12 Months
 
Securities in an Unrealized
Loss Position for
More than 12 Months
 Total
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
 Fair Value 
Unrealized
Losses
Government-sponsored enterprise securities$4,992
 8
 
 
 4,992
 8
Mortgage-backed securities77,274
 293
 50,851
 382
 128,125
 675
Corporate bonds
 
 915
 85
 915
 85
State and local governments
 
 934
 3
 934
 3
Total temporarily impaired securities$82,266
 301
 52,700
 470
 134,966
 771



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In the above tables, all of the securities that were in an unrealized loss position at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 were bonds that the Company has determined are in a loss position due primarily to interest rate factors and not credit quality concerns. The Company evaluated the collectability of each of these bonds and concluded that there was 0 other-than-temporary impairment. The Company does not intend to sell these securities, and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell these securities before recovery of the amortized cost.
As of March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company's security portfolio held 2225 securities and 54 securities, respectively, that were in an unrealized loss position.
The book values and approximate fair values of investment securities at March 31,June 30, 2020, by contractual maturity, are summarized in the table below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Securities Available for Sale Securities Held to MaturitySecurities Available for Sale Securities Held to Maturity
($ in thousands)
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
Securities              
Due within one year$
 
 1,730
 1,750
$
 
 1,501
 1,520
Due after one year but within five years28,701
 29,567
 11,496
 11,639
28,691
 30,393
 4,856
 4,982
Due after five years but within ten years15,000
 15,032
 5,342
 5,389
59,024
 59,260
 3,587
 3,669
Due after ten years5,000
 4,945
 3,622
 3,615
1,000
 880
 48,593
 48,784
Mortgage-backed securities727,261
 756,926
 39,113
 39,992
670,861
 694,299
 36,387
 37,363
Total securities$775,962
 806,470
 61,303
 62,385
$759,576
 784,832
 94,924
 96,318

At March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 investment securities with carrying values of $254,486,000$370,522,000 and $260,826,000, respectively, were pledged as collateral for public deposits.


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In the second quarter of 2020, the Company received proceeds from sales of securities of $219,697,000 and recorded $8,024,000 in gains from the sales. The Company sold 0 securities in 2019.
Included in “other assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets are cost-method investments in Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) and Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond (“FRB”) stock totaling $37,952,000$25,626,000 and $33,380,000 at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The FHLB stock had a cost and fair value of $20,329,000$8,003,000 and $15,789,000 at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and serves as part of the collateral for the Company’s line of credit with the FHLB and is also a requirement for membership in the FHLB system. The FRB stock had a cost and fair value of $17,623,000 and $17,591,000 at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and is a requirement for FRB member bank qualification. Periodically, both the FHLB and FRB recalculate the Company’s required level of holdings, and the Company either buys more stock or redeems a portion of the stock at cost. The Company determined that neither stock was impaired at either period end.
The Company owns 12,356 Class B shares of Visa, Inc. (“Visa”) stock that were received upon Visa’s initial public offering. These shares are expected to convert into Class A Visa shares subsequent to the settlement of certain litigation against Visa, to which the Company is not a party. The Class B shares have transfer restrictions, and the conversion rate into Class A shares is periodically adjusted as Visa settles litigation. The conversion rate at March 31,June 30, 2020 was approximately 1.62, which means the Company would receive approximately 20,051 Class A shares if the stock had converted on that date. This Class B stock does not have a readily determinable fair value and is carried at zero. If a readily determinable fair value becomes available for the Class B shares, or upon the conversion to Class A shares, the Company will adjust the carrying value of the stock to its market value with a credit to earnings.



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Note 7 – Loans and Asset Quality Information

The following is a summary of the major categories of total loans outstanding:
($ in thousands)March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Amount Percentage Amount PercentageAmount Percentage Amount Percentage
All loans:              
              
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$521,470
 12% $504,271
 11%$723,053
 15% $504,271
 11%
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans590,485
 13% 530,866
 12%648,590
 14% 530,866
 12%
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages1,083,022
 24% 1,105,014
 25%1,076,411
 22% 1,105,014
 25%
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit331,170
 7% 337,922
 8%318,618
 7% 337,922
 8%
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other1,970,716
 43% 1,917,280
 43%1,959,078
 41% 1,917,280
 43%
Consumer loans54,133
 1% 56,172
 1%51,161
 1% 56,172
 1%
Subtotal4,550,996
 100% 4,451,525
 100%4,776,911
 100% 4,451,525
 100%
Unamortized net deferred loan costs1,712
   1,941
  
Unamortized net deferred loan costs (fees)(6,848)   1,941
  
Total loans$4,552,708
   $4,453,466
  $4,770,063
   $4,453,466
  


Included in the table above are PPP loans totaling $244.9 million that are in the followingline item "Commercial, financial and agricultural." PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA. Included in unamortized net deferred loan fees are $8.8 million in unamortized net deferred loan fees associated with PPP loans. These fees are being amortized under the effective interest method over the terms of the loans. Accelerated amortization will be recorded in the periods in which principal amounts are forgiven in accordance with the terms of the program.

Also included in the table above are various non-PPP SBA loans:loans, with additional information on these loans presented in the table below.
($ in thousands)March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
Guaranteed portions of SBA Loans included in table above$27,985

54,400
Unguaranteed portions of SBA Loans included in table above119,857

110,782
Total SBA loans included in the table above$147,842

165,182
 




Sold portions of SBA loans with servicing retained - not included in table above$324,231

316,730

($ in thousands)June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Guaranteed portions of non-PPP SBA loans included in table above$31,630
 54,400
Unguaranteed portions of SBA Loans included in table above123,125
 110,782
Total non-PPP SBA loans included in the table above$154,755
 165,182
 

 

Sold portions of SBA with servicing retained - not included in tables above$347,376
 316,730

At March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there was a remaining unaccreted discount on the retained portion of sold SBA loans amounting to $6.8 million and $7.1 million, respectively.
The Company has several acquired loan portfolios as a result of merger and acquisition transactions. In these transactions, the Company recorded loans at their fair value as required by applicable accounting guidance. Included in these loan portfolios were purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans, which are loans for which it is probable at acquisition date that all contractually required payments will not be collected. The remaining loans were considered to be purchased non-impaired loans and their related fair value discount or premium is being recognized as an adjustment to yield over the remaining life of each loan.


Page 15

Index

As of March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there was a remaining accretable discount of $10.3$9.5 million and $11.1 million, respectively, related to purchased non-impaired loans. The discounts are amortized as yield adjustments over the respective lives of the loans, so long as the loans perform.


Page 17

Index

The following table presents changes in the carrying value of PCI loans.
PCI loansFor the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Balance at beginning of period$12,664
 17,393
$12,664
 17,393
Change due to payments received and accretion(2,841) (1,556)(2,939) (3,273)
Change due to loan charge-offs(10) (8)(10) (11)
Transfers to foreclosed real estate
 

 
Other26
 38
27
 66
Balance at end of period$9,839
 15,867
$9,742
 14,175

The following table presents changes in the accretable yield for PCI loans.
Accretable Yield for PCI loansFor the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Balance at beginning of period$4,149
 4,750
$4,149
 4,750
Accretion(567) (392)(742) (811)
Reclassification from (to) nonaccretable difference304
 237
366
 502
Other, net(453) 550
(510) (89)
Balance at end of period$3,433
 5,145
$3,263
 4,352

During the first threesix months of 2020, the Company received $408,000$414,000 in payments that exceeded the carrying amount of the related PCI loans, of which $336,000$341,000 was recognized as loan discount accretion income, $58,000$59,000 was recorded as additional loan interest income, and $14,000 was recorded as a recovery. During the first threesix months of 2019, the Company received $133,000$290,000 in payments that exceeded the carrying amount of the related PCI loans, of which $112,000$263,000 was recognized as loan discount accretion income and $21,000$27,000 was recorded as additional loan interest income.
Nonperforming assets are defined as nonaccrual loans, restructured loans, loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing interest, and foreclosed real estate. Nonperforming assets are summarized as follows.
($ in thousands)March 31,
2020

December 31,
2019
June 30,
2020

December 31,
2019
Nonperforming assets 

 
 

 
Nonaccrual loans$25,066

24,866
$34,922

24,866
Restructured loans - accruing9,747

9,053
9,867

9,053
Accruing loans > 90 days past due





Total nonperforming loans34,813

33,919
44,789

33,919
Foreclosed real estate3,487

3,873
2,987

3,873
Total nonperforming assets$38,300

37,792
$47,776

37,792

Purchased credit impaired loans not included above (1)$9,839

12,664
$9,742

12,664

(1) In the March 3, 2017 acquisition of Carolina Bank, and the October 1, 2017 acquisition of Asheville Savings Bank, the Company acquired $19.3 million and $9.9 million, respectively, in PCI loans in accordance with ASC 310-30 accounting guidance. These loans are excluded from nonperforming loans, including $0.7$0.8 million and $0.8 million in PCI loans at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, that were contractually past due 90 days or more.
At March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the Company had $2.2$2.0 million and $0.6 million in residential mortgage loans in process of foreclosure, respectively.



Page 1618

Index

The following is a summary of the Company’s nonaccrual loans by major categories.
($ in thousands)March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
June 30,
2020
 December 31,
2019
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$3,703
 5,518
$8,239
 5,518
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans958
 1,067
1,038
 1,067
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages8,581
 7,552
7,327
 7,552
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit1,874
 1,797
1,903
 1,797
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other9,837
 8,820
16,229
 8,820
Consumer loans113
 112
186
 112
Total$25,066
 24,866
$34,922
 24,866


The following table presents an analysis of the payment status of the Company’s loans as of March 31,June 30, 2020. Due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic not occurring until late in the first quarter of 2020, as well as the Company's COVID-19 deferral program and the SBA's relief program, whereby the SBA is making six months of principal and interest payments on most SBA loans held in the Company's portfolio, the past due amounts below were not negatively impacted by the pandemic.pandemic and were likely favorably impacted.
($ in thousands)
Accruing
30-59
Days Past
Due
 
Accruing
60-89
Days
Past
Due
 
Accruing
90 Days
or More
Past
Due
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
Accruing
Current
 
Total Loans
Receivable
Accruing
30-59
Days Past
Due
 
Accruing
60-89
Days
Past
Due
 
Accruing
90 Days
or More
Past
Due
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
Accruing
Current
 
Total Loans
Receivable
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$2,387
 201
 
 3,703
 514,992
 521,283
$1,133
 95
 
 8,239
 713,401
 722,868
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans1,333
 42
 
 958
 587,989
 590,322
133
 751
 
 1,038
 643,790
 645,712
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages10,829
 30
 
 8,581
 1,058,281
 1,077,721
624
 1,279
 
 7,327
 1,061,983
 1,071,213
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit1,532
 155
 
 1,874
 327,516
 331,077
593
 203
 
 1,903
 315,824
 318,523
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other4,850
 7,164
 
 9,837
 1,944,844
 1,966,695
1,055
 278
 
 16,229
 1,940,194
 1,957,756
Consumer loans129
 67
 
 113
 53,750
 54,059
136
 35
 
 186
 50,740
 51,097
Purchased credit impaired625
 15
 746
 
 8,453
 9,839
11
 13
 800
 
 8,918
 9,742
Total$21,685
 7,674
 746
 25,066
 4,495,825
 4,550,996
$3,685
 2,654
 800
 34,922
 4,734,850
 4,776,911
Unamortized net deferred loan costs          1,712
Unamortized net deferred loan costs (fees)          (6,848)
Total loans          $4,552,708
          $4,770,063


Page 19

Index

The following table presents an analysis of the payment status of the Company’s loans as of December 31, 2019.
($ in thousands)
Accruing
30-59
Days
Past
Due
 
Accruing
60-89
Days
Past
Due
 
Accruing
90 Days
or More
Past
Due
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 
Accruing
Current
 
Total Loans
Receivable
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$752
 
 
 5,518
 497,788
 504,058
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans37
 152
 
 1,067
 529,444
 530,700
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages10,858
 5,056
 
 7,552
 1,076,205
 1,099,671
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit770
 300
 
 1,797
 334,832
 337,699
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other4,257
 
 
 8,820
 1,897,573
 1,910,650
Consumer loans344
 137
 
 112
 55,490
 56,083
Purchased credit impaired218
 38
 762
 
 11,646
 12,664
Total$17,236
 5,683
 762
 24,866
 4,402,978
 4,451,525
Unamortized net deferred loan costs          1,941
Total loans          $4,453,466



Page 1720

Index

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for all loans for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2020.
($ in thousands)Commercial,
Financial,
and
Agricultural
 Real Estate

Construction,
Land
Development
& Other Land
Loans
 Real Estate

Residential
(1-4 Family)
First
Mortgages
 Real Estate
– Mortgage
– Home
Equity
Lines of
Credit
 Real Estate
– Mortgage

Commercial
and Other
 Consumer Loans Unallocated TotalCommercial,
Financial,
and
Agricultural
 Real Estate

Construction,
Land
Development
& Other Land
Loans
 Real Estate

Residential
(1-4 Family)
First
Mortgages
 Real Estate
– Mortgage
– Home
Equity
Lines of
Credit
 Real Estate
– Mortgage

Commercial
and Other
 Consumer Loans Unallocated Total
As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2020
As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2020As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2020
                              
Beginning balance$4,553
 1,976
 3,832
 1,127
 8,938
 972
 
 21,398
$4,204
 2,599
 4,373
 1,394
 10,913
 1,015
 
 24,498
Charge-offs(2,460) (40) (195) (68) (263) (287) 
 (3,313)(1,471) (5) (279) (313) (282) (110) 
 (2,460)
Recoveries217
 290
 91
 83
 47
 95
 
 823
260
 353
 224
 83
 55
 31
 
 1,006
Provisions1,894
 373
 645
 252
 2,191
 235
 
 5,590
2,996
 2,730
 4,021
 1,195
 8,069
 287
 
 19,298
Ending balance$4,204
 2,599
 4,373
 1,394
 10,913
 1,015
 
 24,498
$5,989
 5,677
 8,339
 2,359
 18,755
 1,223
 
 42,342
                              
Ending balance as of March 31, 2020: Allowance for loan losses
As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2020As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2020
               
Beginning balance$4,553
 1,976
 3,832
 1,127
 8,938
 972
 
 21,398
Charge-offs(3,931) (45) (474) (381) (545) (397) 
 (5,773)
Recoveries477
 643
 315
 166
 102
 126
 
 1,829
Provisions4,890
 3,103
 4,666
 1,447
 10,260
 522
 
 24,888
Ending balance$5,989
 5,677
 8,339
 2,359
 18,755
 1,223
 
 42,342
               
Ending balance as of June 30, 2020: Allowance for loan lossesEnding balance as of June 30, 2020: Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,093
 73
 739
 90
 1,233
 
 
 3,228
$830
 67
 817
 
 1,052
 
 
 2,766
Collectively evaluated for impairment$3,069
 2,526
 3,528
 1,304
 9,680
 1,006
 
 21,113
$5,117
 5,610
 7,412
 2,359
 17,699
 1,215
 
 39,412
Purchased credit impaired$42
 
 106
 
 
 9
 
 157
$42
 
 110
 
 4
 8
 
 164
                              
Loans receivable as of March 31, 2020
Loans receivable as of June 30, 2020Loans receivable as of June 30, 2020
Ending balance – total$521,470
 590,485
 1,083,022
 331,170
 1,970,716
 54,133
 
 4,550,996
$723,053
 648,590
 1,076,411
 318,618
 1,959,078
 51,161
 
 4,776,911
Unamortized net deferred loan costs              1,712
Unamortized net deferred loan fees              (6,848)
Total loans              $4,552,708
              $4,770,063
                              
Ending balances as of March 31, 2020: Loans
Ending balances as of June 30, 2020: LoansEnding balances as of June 30, 2020: Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$3,050
 756
 9,915
 433
 11,862
 
 
 26,016
$6,736
 965
 9,743
 325
 17,697
 
 
 35,466
Collectively evaluated for impairment$518,233
 589,566
 1,067,805
 330,644
 1,954,834
 54,059
 
 4,515,141
$716,132
 644,747
 1,061,470
 318,198
 1,940,059
 51,097
 
 4,731,703
Purchased credit impaired$187
 163
 5,302
 93
 4,020
 74
 
 9,839
$185
 2,878
 5,198
 95
 1,322
 64
 
 9,742


Page 1821

Index

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2019.
($ in thousands)
Commercial,
Financial,
and
Agricultural
 
Real Estate
Construction,
Land
Development
& Other Land
Loans
 
Real Estate
Residential
(1-4 Family)
First
Mortgages
 
Real Estate
– Mortgage
– Home
Equity
Lines of
Credit
 
Real Estate
– Mortgage
Commercial
and Other
 Consumer Loans Unallocated Total
As of and for the year ended December 31, 2019
                
Beginning balance$2,889
 2,243
 5,197
 1,665
 7,983
 952
 110
 21,039
Charge-offs(2,473) (553) (657) (307) (1,556) (757) 
 (6,303)
Recoveries980
 1,275
 705
 629
 575
 235
 
 4,399
Provisions3,157
 (989) (1,413) (860) 1,936
 542
 (110) 2,263
Ending balance$4,553
 1,976
 3,832
 1,127
 8,938
 972
 
 21,398
                
Ending balances as of December 31, 2019: Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,791
 50
 750
 
 983
 
 
 3,574
Collectively evaluated for impairment$2,720
 1,926
 2,976
 1,127
 7,931
 961
 
 17,641
Purchased credit impaired$42
 
 106
 
 24
 11
 
 183
                
Loans receivable as of December 31, 2019:
Ending balance – total$504,271
 530,866
 1,105,014
 337,922
 1,917,280
 56,172
 
 4,451,525
Unamortized net deferred loan costs              1,941
Total loans              $4,453,466
                
Ending balances as of December 31, 2019: Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$4,957
 796
 9,546
 333
 9,570
 
 
 25,202
Collectively evaluated for impairment$499,101
 529,904
 1,090,125
 337,366
 1,901,080
 56,083
 
 4,413,659
Purchased credit impaired$213
 166
 5,343
 223
 6,630
 89
 
 12,664


Page 1922

Index

The following table presents the activity in the allowance for loan losses for all loans for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2019.
($ in thousands)Commercial,
Financial,
and
Agricultural
 Real Estate

Construction,
Land
Development,
& Other
Land Loans
 Real Estate

Residential
(1-4 Family)
First
Mortgages
 Real Estate
– Mortgage
– Home
Equity
Lines of
Credit
 Real Estate
– Mortgage

Commercial
and Other
 Consumer Loans Unallocated Total
As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2019
                
Beginning balance$2,889
 2,243
 5,197
 1,665
 7,983
 952
 110
 21,039
Charge-offs(246) (264) (30) (80) (836) (281) 
 (1,737)
Recoveries414
 287
 160
 128
 271
 33
 
 1,293
Provisions652
 18
 (817) (339) 702
 302
 (18) 500
Ending balance$3,709
 2,284
 4,510
 1,374
 8,120
 1,006
 92
 21,095
                
Ending balances as of March 31, 2019: Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$857
 28
 858
 
 312
 
 
 2,055
Collectively evaluated for impairment$2,852
 2,256
 3,596
 1,362
 7,723
 990
 92
 18,871
Purchased credit impaired$
 
 56
 12
 85
 16
 
 169
                
Loans receivable as of March 31, 2019
Ending balance – total$468,388
 553,760
 1,061,049
 354,669
 1,794,794
 69,503
 
 4,302,163
Unamortized net deferred loan fees              1,624
Total loans              4,303,787
                
Ending balances as of March 31, 2019: Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,044
 797
 10,891
 21
 8,396
 
 
 21,149
Collectively evaluated for impairment$467,139
 552,788
 1,044,104
 354,316
 1,777,481
 69,319
 
 4,265,147
Purchased credit impaired$205
 175
 6,054
 332
 8,917
 184
 
 15,867
($ in thousands)Commercial,
Financial,
and
Agricultural
 Real Estate

Construction,
Land
Development
& Other Land
Loans
 Real Estate

Residential
(1-4 Family)
First
Mortgages
 Real Estate
– Mortgage
– Home
Equity
Lines of
Credit
 Real Estate
– Mortgage

Commercial
and Other
 Consumer Loans Unallocated Total
As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2019
                
Beginning balance$3,709
 2,284
 4,510
 1,374
 8,120
 1,006
 92
 21,095
Charge-offs(690) (29) (155) (66) (2) (155) 
 (1,097)
Recoveries191
 202
 222
 327
 103
 54
 
 1,099
Provisions8
 (642) (454) (364) 631
 306
 207
 (308)
Ending balance$3,218

1,815

4,123

1,271

8,852

1,211

299

20,789
                
As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019
                
Beginning balance$2,889
 2,243
 5,197
 1,665
 7,983
 952
 110
 21,039
Charge-offs(936) (293) (185) (146) (838) (436) 
 (2,834)
Recoveries605
 489
 382
 455
 374
 87
 
 2,392
Provisions660
 (624) (1,271) (703) 1,333
 608
 189
 192
Ending balance$3,218
 1,815
 4,123
 1,271
 8,852
 1,211
 299
 20,789
                
Ending balance as of June 30, 2019: Allowance for loan losses
Individually evaluated for impairment$435
 44
 770
 
 783
 
 
 2,032
Collectively evaluated for impairment$2,776
 1,771
 3,289
 1,271
 8,013
 1,195
 299
 18,614
Purchased credit impaired$7
 
 64
 
 56
 16
 
 143
                
Loans receivable as of June 30, 2019
Ending balance – total$471,188
 456,781
 1,090,601
 349,355
 1,900,188
 69,600
 
 4,337,713
Unamortized net deferred loan costs              1,784
Total loans              $4,339,497
                
Ending balances as of June 30, 2019: Loans
Individually evaluated for impairment$992
 1,020
 10,334
 21
 7,451
 
 
 19,818
Collectively evaluated for impairment$469,932
 455,589
 1,074,325
 349,124
 1,885,294
 69,456
 
 4,303,720
Purchased credit impaired$264
 172
 5,942
 210
 7,443
 144
 
 14,175




Page 2023

Index

The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans, excluding PCI loans, as of March 31,June 30, 2020.
($ in thousands)
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:              
              
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$19
 51
 
 18
$13
 17
 
 16
Real estate – mortgage – construction, land development & other land loans116
 168
 
 169
331
 500
 
 223
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages4,901
 5,160
 
 4,601
4,584
 4,874
 
 4,595
Real estate – mortgage –home equity loans / lines of credit330
 358
 
 332
325
 357
 
 329
Real estate – mortgage –commercial and other5,471
 7,035
 
 4,057
14,293
 16,311
 
 7,469
Consumer loans
 
 
 

 
 
 
Total impaired loans with no allowance$10,837
 12,772
 
 9,177
$19,546
 22,059
 
 12,632
              
Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:              
              
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$3,031
 3,063
 1,093
 3,986
$6,723
 7,533
 830
 4,898
Real estate – mortgage – construction, land development & other land loans640
 649
 73
 608
634
 643
 67
 616
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages5,014
 5,244
 739
 5,130
5,159
 5,383
 817
 5,140
Real estate – mortgage –home equity loans / lines of credit103
 103
 90
 52

 
 
 34
Real estate – mortgage –commercial and other6,391
 6,821
 1,233
 6,659
3,404
 3,427
 1,052
 5,574
Consumer loans
 
 
 

 
 
 
Total impaired loans with allowance$15,179
 15,880
 3,228
 16,435
$15,920
 16,986
 2,766
 16,262
Interest income recorded on impaired loans during the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 was insignificant, and reflects interest income recorded on nonaccrual loans prior to them being placed on nonaccrual status and interest income recorded on accruing restructured loans.insignificant.


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The following table presents loans individually evaluated for impairment by class of loans, excluding PCI loans, as of December 31, 2019.
($ in thousands)
Recorded
Investment
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
Impaired loans with no related allowance recorded:       
        
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$16
 19
 
 74
Real estate – mortgage – construction, land development & other land loans221
 263
 
 366
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages4,300
 4,539
 
 4,415
Real estate – mortgage –home equity loans / lines of credit333
 357
 
 147
Real estate – mortgage –commercial and other2,643
 3,328
 
 3,240
Consumer loans
 
 
 
Total impaired loans with no allowance$7,513
 8,506
 
 8,242
        
Impaired loans with an allowance recorded:       
        
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$4,941
 4,995
 1,791
 1,681
Real estate – mortgage – construction, land development & other land loans575
 575
 50
 586
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages5,246
 5,469
 750
 6,206
Real estate – mortgage –home equity loans / lines of credit
 
 
 55
Real estate – mortgage –commercial and other6,927
 7,914
 983
 5,136
Consumer loans
 
 
 
Total impaired loans with allowance$17,689
 18,953
 3,574
 13,664

Interest income recorded on impaired loans during the year ended December 31, 2019 was $1.3 million, and reflects interest income recorded on nonaccrual loans prior to them being placed on nonaccrual status and interest income recorded on accruing restructured loans.
The Company tracks credit quality based on its internal risk ratings. Upon origination, a loan is assigned an initial risk grade, which is generally based on several factors such as the borrower’s credit score, the loan-to-value ratio, the debt-to-income ratio, etc. Loans that are risk-graded as substandard during the origination process are declined. After loans are initially graded, they are monitored regularly for credit quality based on many factors, such as payment history, the borrower’s financial status, and changes in collateral value. Loans can be downgraded or upgraded depending on management’s evaluation of these factors. Internal risk-grading policies are consistent throughout each loan type.


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The following describes the Company’s internal risk grades in ascending order of likelihood of loss:
 Risk GradeDescription
Pass:  
 1Loans with virtually no risk, including cash secured loans.
 2Loans with documented significant overall financial strength.  These loans have minimum chance of loss due to the presence of multiple sources of repayment – each clearly sufficient to satisfy the obligation.
 3Loans with documented satisfactory overall financial strength.  These loans have a low loss potential due to presence of at least two clearly identified sources of repayment – each of which is sufficient to satisfy the obligation under the present circumstances.
 4Loans to borrowers with acceptable financial condition.  These loans could have signs of minor operational weaknesses, lack of adequate financial information, or loans supported by collateral with questionable value or marketability.  
 5Loans that represent above average risk due to minor weaknesses and warrant closer scrutiny by management.  Collateral is generally required and felt to provide reasonable coverage with realizable liquidation values in normal circumstances.  Repayment performance is satisfactory.
 
P
(Pass)
Consumer loans (<$500,000) that are of satisfactory credit quality with borrowers who exhibit good personal credit history, average personal financial strength and moderate debt levels.  These loans generally conform to Bank policy, but may include approved mitigated exceptions to the guidelines.  
Special Mention:  
 6Existing loans with defined weaknesses in primary source of repayment that, if not corrected, could cause a loss to the Bank.
Classified:  
 7An existing loan inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or the collateral pledged, if any.  These loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt.
 8Loans that have a well-defined weakness that make the collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.  Loss appears imminent, but the exact amount and timing is uncertain.
 9Loans that are considered uncollectible and are in the process of being charged-off.  This grade is a temporary grade assigned for administrative purposes until the charge-off is completed.
 
F
(Fail)
Consumer loans (<$500,000) with a well-defined weakness, such as exceptions of any kind with no mitigating factors, history of paying outside the terms of the note, insufficient income to support the current level of debt, etc.
The following table presents the Company’s recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicators as of March 31,June 30, 2020. Due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic not occurring until late in the first quarter of 2020, the special mention and classified loans levels shown below were not impacted by the pandemic.
($ in thousands)Pass 
Special
Mention Loans
 
Classified
Accruing Loans
 
Classified
Nonaccrual
Loans
 TotalPass 
Special
Mention Loans
 
Classified
Accruing Loans
 
Classified
Nonaccrual
Loans
 Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$504,858
 7,736
 4,986
 3,703
 521,283
$708,073
 5,910
 646
 8,239
 722,868
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans583,176
 4,743
 1,445
 958
 590,322
638,421
 4,722
 1,531
 1,038
 645,712
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages1,046,994
 8,427
 13,719
 8,581
 1,077,721
1,042,495
 8,132
 13,259
 7,327
 1,071,213
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit322,000
 1,217
 5,986
 1,874
 331,077
309,614
 1,183
 5,823
 1,903
 318,523
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other1,920,923
 28,557
 7,378
 9,837
 1,966,695
1,915,982
 21,647
 3,898
 16,229
 1,957,756
Consumer loans53,532
 207
 207
 113
 54,059
50,504
 209
 198
 186
 51,097
Purchased credit impaired8,022
 87
 1,730
 
 9,839
7,933
 86
 1,723
 
 9,742
Total$4,439,505
 50,974
 35,451
 25,066
 4,550,996
$4,673,022
 41,889
 27,078
 34,922
 4,776,911
Unamortized net deferred loan costs        1,712
        (6,848)
Total loans        4,552,708
        4,770,063


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The following table presents the Company’s recorded investment in loans by credit quality indicators as of December 31, 2019.
($ in thousands)Pass 
Special
Mention Loans
 
Classified
Accruing Loans
 
Classified
Nonaccrual
Loans
 Total
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$486,081
 7,998
 4,461
 5,518
 504,058
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans522,767
 4,075
 2,791
 1,067
 530,700
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages1,063,735
 13,187
 15,197
 7,552
 1,099,671
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit328,903
 1,258
 5,741
 1,797
 337,699
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other1,873,594
 20,800
 7,436
 8,820
 1,910,650
Consumer loans55,203
 413
 355
 112
 56,083
Purchased credit impaired8,098
 2,590
 1,976
 
 12,664
Total$4,338,381
 50,321
 37,957
 24,866
 4,451,525
Unamortized net deferred loan costs        1,941
Total loans        4,453,466

Troubled Debt Restructurings
The restructuring of a loan is considered a “troubled debt restructuring” if both (i) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties and (ii) the creditor has granted a concession. Concessions may include interest rate reductions or below market interest rates, principal forgiveness, extension of terms and other actions intended to minimize potential losses. As previously noted, under the CARES Act and banking regulator guidance, which the Company has applied, modifications deemed to be COVID-19-related are not considered a troubled debt restructuring if the loan was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019 and the deferral was executed between March 1, 2020 and the earlier of 60 days after the date of termination of the COVID-19 national emergency or December 31, 2020. Under these terms, as of March 31,June 30, 2020, the Company had processed payment deferrals for 3151,483 loans with an aggregate loan balance of $120 million. Through April 30, 2020, the number of deferrals increased to 1,269 with an aggregate loan balance of $647$774 million. These deferrals were generally no more than 90 days in duration and are not included in the troubled debt restructurings disclosed in this report. As the initial 90 day deferrals expire, the Company is approving second deferral requests based on the circumstances of each borrower. Thus a portion of the deferrals at June 30, 2020 represent grants of second deferrals for those borrowers whose initial deferrals were on or prior to April 1, 2020. The Company continues to accrue interest on these loans during the deferral period.
The vast majority of the Company’s troubled debt restructurings modified during the periods ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and March 31,June 30, 2019 related to interest rate reductions combined with extension of terms. The Company does not generally grant principal forgiveness.
All loans classified as troubled debt restructurings are considered to be impaired and are evaluated as such for determination of the allowance for loan losses. The Company’s troubled debt restructurings can be classified as either nonaccrual or accruing based on the loan’s payment status. The troubled debt restructurings that are nonaccrual are reported within the nonaccrual loan totals presented previously.


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The following table presents information related to loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019.
($ in thousands)For the three months ended
March 31, 2020
 For the three months ended
March 31, 2019
For the three months ended
June 30, 2020
 For the three months ended
June 30, 2019
Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Post-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Post-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Post-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Post-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
TDRs – Accruing                      
Commercial, financial, and agricultural2
 $143
 $143
 
 $
 $

 $
 $
 1
 $143
 $143
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
 
 
 
 
 
1
 67
 67
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages
 
 
 2
 254
 258
2
 75
 78
 1
 136
 136
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 1
 965
 965
Consumer loans
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
TDRs – Nonaccrual        

          

  
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Consumer loans
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Total TDRs arising during period2
 $143
 $143
 2
 $254
 $258
3
 $142
 $145
 3
 $1,244
 $1,244




Page 28

Index

The following table presents information related to loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
($ in thousands)For the six months ended
June 30, 2020
 For the six months ended
June 30, 2019
 Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Post-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
 Post-
Modification
Restructured
Balances
TDRs – Accruing           
Commercial, financial, and agricultural2
 $143
 $143
 1
 $143
 $143
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans1
 67
 67
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages2
 75
 78
 3
 390
 394
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other
 
 
 1
 965
 965
Consumer loans
 
 
 
 
 
TDRs – Nonaccrual           
Commercial, financial, and agricultural
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer loans
 
 
 
 
 
Total TDRs arising during period5
 $285
 $288
 5
 $1,498
 $1,502

Accruing restructured loans that were modified in the previous 12twelve months and that defaulted during the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019 are presented in the table below. The Company considers a loan to have defaulted when it becomes 90 or more days delinquent under the modified terms, has been transferred to nonaccrual status, or has been transferred to foreclosed real estate.
($ in thousands)For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2020 For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Number of
Contracts
 Recorded
Investment
 Number of
Contracts
 Recorded
Investment
Number of
Contracts
 Recorded
Investment
 Number of
Contracts
 Recorded
Investment
Accruing TDRs that subsequently defaulted              
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family first mortgages)
 $
 1
 $93

 $
 1
 $93
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other
 
 
 
1
 274
 
 
Total accruing TDRs that subsequently defaulted
 $
 1
 $93
1
 $274
 1
 $93



Accruing restructured loans that were modified in the previous twelve months and that defaulted during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 are presented in the table below.


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($ in thousands)For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2020 For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
 Number of
Contracts
 Recorded
Investment
 Number of
Contracts
 Recorded
Investment
Accruing TDRs that subsequently defaulted       
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family first mortgages)
 $
 1
 $93
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other1
 274
 
 
Total accruing TDRs that subsequently defaulted1
 $274
 1
 $93


Note 8 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The following is a summary of the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization of amortizable intangible assets as of March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, and the carrying amount of unamortized intangible assets as of those same dates.
 March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
($ in thousands) 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
Amortizable intangible assets:                
Customer lists $6,013
 2,316
 6,013
 2,185
 $6,013
 2,445
 6,013
 2,185
Core deposit intangibles 28,440
 21,510
 28,440
 20,610
 28,440
 22,337
 28,440
 20,610
SBA servicing asset 7,993
 3,311
 7,776
 2,393
 8,480
 3,809
 7,776
 2,393
Other 1,303
 1,151
 1,303
 1,127
 1,303
 1,173
 1,303
 1,127
Total $43,749
 28,288
 43,532
 26,315
 $44,236
 29,764
 43,532
 26,315
                
Unamortizable intangible assets:                
Goodwill $234,368
   234,368
   $234,368
   234,368
  

ServicingSBA servicing assets are recorded for SBA loans, or portions thereof, that the Company has sold but continue to service for a fee. Servicing assets are initially recorded at fair value and amortized over the expected lives of the related loans and are tested for impairment on a quarterly basis. SBA servicing asset amortization expense is recorded within noninterest income as an offset to SBA servicing fees within the line item "Other service charges, commissions, and fees." As noted in the table above, the Company has a SBA servicing asset at March 31,June 30, 2020 with a remaining book value of $4,682,000.$4,671,000. The Company recorded $217,000$704,000 and $600,000$1,484,000 in servicing assets associated with the guaranteed portion of SBA loans originated and sold during the first threesix months of 2020 and 2019, respectively. During the first threesix months of 2020 and 2019, the Company recorded $918,000$1,416,000 and $299,000,$621,000, respectively, in related amortization expense. Included in the amortization expense for the first threesix months of 2020 is ana first quarter of 2020 impairment charge of approximately $500,000 due to a decrease in the fair value of the asset resulting from deteriorations in market conditions asat the end of March 31,the first quarter of 2020.
Amortization expense of all other intangible assets totaled $1,055,000$978,000 and $1,332,000$1,242,000 for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amortization expense of all other intangible assets totaled $2,033,000 and $2,574,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
During the period ended March 31, 2020, the economic turmoil and market volatility resulting from the COVID-19 crisis resulted in a substantial decrease in the Company's stock price and market capitalization. Management believed such decrease was a triggering indicator requiring an interim step-one goodwill impairment quantitative analysis. In thisThe results of the March 31, 2020 analysis the Company determined that none of it'sthe Company's goodwill was impaired as of March 31, 2020. As a result of the continued economic turmoil and market volatility during the period ended June 30, 2020, the Company qualitatively reviewed the factors and assumptions used in the March 31, 2020 analysis, including financial projections, discount rates, and market premiums, in light of the triggering event existing as of June 30, 2020 and based on that analysis, the Company concluded there was no impairment of its goodwill at June 30, 2020. Management will continue to evaluate the economic conditions at future reporting periods for applicable changes.



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The following table presents the estimated amortization expense schedule related to acquisition-related amortizable intangible assets. These amounts will be recorded as "Intangibles amortization expense" within the noninterest expense section of the Consolidated Statements of Income. These estimates are subject to change in future periods to the extent management determines it is necessary to make adjustments to the carrying value or estimated useful lives of amortized intangible assets. income within the line item "Other service charges, commissions and fees" of the Consolidated Statements of Income.
($ in thousands) 
Estimated Amortization
Expense
 
Estimated Amortization
Expense
April 1 to December 31, 2020 $2,786
July 1 to December 31, 2020 $1,808
2021 2,927
 2,927
2022 2,022
 2,022
2023 1,041
 1,041
2024 404
 404
Thereafter 1,599
 1,599
Total $10,779
 $9,801

Note 9 – Pension Plans
The Company has historically sponsored 2 defined benefit pension plans – a qualified retirement plan (the “Pension Plan”) which was generally available to all employees, and a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (the “SERP”), which was for the benefit of certain senior management executives of the Company. Effective December 31, 2012, the Company froze both plans for all participants. Although no previously accrued benefits were lost, employees no longer accrue benefits for service subsequent to 2012.
The Company recorded periodic pension cost totaling $216,000$215,000 and $244,000 for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $431,000 and $488,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The following table contains the components of the pension cost.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended June 30,
($ in thousands)2020
Pension Plan

2019
Pension Plan

2020
SERP

2019
SERP

2020 Total
Both Plans
 2019 Total
Both Plans
2020
Pension Plan

2019
Pension Plan

2020
SERP

2019
SERP

2020 Total
Both Plans
 2019 Total
Both Plans
Service cost$










$










Interest cost308

372

55

41

363

413
305

372

55

41

360

413
Expected return on plan assets(325)
(397)




(325)
(397)(325)
(397)




(325)
(397)
Amortization of net (gain)/loss219

223

(41)
5

178

228
221

223

(41)
5

180

228
Net periodic pension cost$202

198

14

46

216

244
$201

198

14

46

215

244
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
($ in thousands)2020 Pension Plan 2019 Pension Plan 2020 SERP 2019 SERP 2020 Total Both Plans 2019 Total Both Plans
Service cost$
 
 
 
 
 
Interest cost613
 744
 110
 82
 723
 826
Expected return on plan assets(650) (794) 
 
 (650) (794)
Amortization of net (gain)/loss440
 446
 (82) 10
 358
 456
Net periodic pension cost$403
 396
 28
 92
 431
 488

The service cost component of net periodic pension cost is included in salaries and benefits expense and all other components of net periodic pension cost are included in other noninterest expense.
The Company’s contributions to the Pension Plan are based on computations by independent actuarial consultants and are intended to be deductible for income tax purposes. The Company did 0t contribute to the Pension Plan in the first threesix months of 2020 and does 0t expect to contribute to the Pension Plan in the remainder of 2020.


Page 31

Index

The Company’s funding policy with respect to the SERP is to fund the related benefits from the operating cash flow of the Company.


Page 27

Index

Note 10 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period for non-owner transactions and is divided into net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes revenues, expenses, gains, and losses that are excluded from earnings under current accounting standards. The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the Company are as follows:
($ in thousands)March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale$30,508
 9,743
$25,256
 9,743
Deferred tax asset (liability)(7,011) (2,239)(5,804) (2,239)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale23,497
 7,504
19,452
 7,504
      
Postretirement plans asset (liability)(2,913) (3,092)(2,734) (3,092)
Deferred tax asset (liability)669
 711
628
 711
Net postretirement plans asset (liability)(2,244) (2,381)(2,106) (2,381)
      
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)$21,253
 5,123
$17,346
 5,123

The following table discloses the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 (all amounts are net of tax).
($ in thousands)
Unrealized Gain
(Loss) on
Securities
Available for Sale
 
Postretirement Plans Asset
(Liability)
 Total
Unrealized Gain
(Loss) on
Securities
Available for Sale
 
Postretirement Plans Asset
(Liability)
 Total
Beginning balance at January 1, 2020$7,504
 (2,381) 5,123
$7,504
 (2,381) 5,123
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications15,993
 
 15,993
18,128
 
 18,128
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
 137
 137
(6,180) 275
 (5,905)
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)15,993
 137
 16,130
11,948
 275
 12,223
          
Ending balance at March 31, 2020$23,497
 (2,244) 21,253
Ending balance at June 30, 2020$19,452
 (2,106) 17,346
The following table discloses the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2019 (all amounts are net of tax).
($ in thousands)
Unrealized Gain
(Loss) on
Securities
Available for Sale
 
Postretirement Plans Asset
(Liability)
 Total
Unrealized Gain
(Loss) on
Securities
Available for Sale
 
Postretirement Plans Asset
(Liability)
 Total
Beginning balance at January 1, 2019$(9,494) (2,467) (11,961)$(9,494) (2,467) (11,961)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications4,523
 
 4,523
13,510
 
 13,510
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
 174
 174

 339
 339
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)4,523
 174
 4,697
13,510
 339
 13,849
          
Ending balance at March 31, 2019$(4,971) (2,293) (7,264)
Ending balance at June 30, 2019$4,016
 (2,128) 1,888


Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Securities Available for Sale represent realized securities gains or losses, net of tax effects. Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income for Postretirement Plans Asset (Liability) represent amortization of amounts included in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, net of taxes, and are recorded in the "Other operating expenses" line item of the Consolidated Statements of Income.



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Note 11 – Fair Value
Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal and most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) of identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.
Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.
The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at March 31,June 30, 2020.
($ in thousands)
Description of Financial Instruments Fair Value at
March 31, 2020
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
 Fair Value at
June 30, 2020
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)
Recurring                
Securities available for sale:                
Government-sponsored enterprise securities $5,032
 
 5,032
 
 $45,394
 
 45,394
 
Mortgage-backed securities 756,927
 
 756,927
 
 694,299
 
 694,299
 
Corporate bonds 44,511
 
 44,511
 
 45,139
 
 45,139
 
Total available for sale securities $806,470
 
 806,470
 
 $784,832
 
 784,832
 
                
Presold mortgages in process of settlement $14,861
 14,861
 
 
 $31,015
 31,015
 
 
                
Nonrecurring                
Impaired loans $14,979
 
 
 14,979
 $16,783
 
 
 16,783
Foreclosed real estate 1,681
 
 
 1,681
 1,151
 
 
 1,151


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The following table summarizes the Company’s financial instruments that were measured at fair value on a recurring and nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2019.
($ in thousands)    
Description of Financial Instruments Fair Value at
December 31, 2019
 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets (Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Recurring        
Securities available for sale:        
Government-sponsored enterprise securities $20,009
 
 20,009
 
Mortgage-backed securities 767,285
 
 767,285
 
Corporate bonds 34,651
 
 34,651
 
Total available for sale securities $821,945
 
 821,945
 
         
Presold mortgages in process of settlement $19,712
 19,712
 
 
         
Nonrecurring        
Impaired loans $16,215
 
 
 16,215
  Foreclosed real estate 1,830
 
 
 1,830

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for instruments measured at fair value.
Presold Mortgages in Process of Settlement - The fair value is based on the committed price that an investor has agreed to pay for the loan and is considered a Level 1 input.
Securities Available for Sale — When quoted market prices are available in an active market, the securities are classified as Level 1 in the valuation hierarchy. If quoted market prices are not available, but fair values can be estimated by observing quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, the securities are classified as Level 2 on the valuation hierarchy. Most of the fair values for the Company’s Level 2 securities are determined by our third-party bond accounting provider using matrix pricing. Matrix pricing is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted securities. For the Company, Level 2 securities include mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed obligations, government-sponsored enterprise securities, and corporate bonds. In cases where Level 1 or Level 2 inputs are not available, securities are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy.
The Company reviews the pricing methodologies utilized by the bond accounting provider to ensure the fair value determination is consistent with the applicable accounting guidance and that the investments are properly classified in the fair value hierarchy.
Impaired loans — Fair values for impaired loans in the above table are measured on a non-recurring basis and are based on the underlying collateral values securing the loans, adjusted for estimated selling costs, or the net present value of the cash flows expected to be received for such loans. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory and accounts receivable. The vast majority of the collateral is real estate. The value of real estate collateral is generally determined by third-party appraisers using an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed third party appraiser (Level 3). The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable borrower’s financial statements if not considered significant. Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivable collateral are based on borrower financial statement balances or aging reports on a discounted basis as appropriate (Level 3). Appraisals used in this analysis are generally obtained at least annually based on when the loans first became impaired, and thus the appraisals are not necessarily as of the period ends presented. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income.


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Foreclosed real estate – Foreclosed real estate, consisting of properties obtained through foreclosure or in satisfaction of loans, is reported at the lower of cost or fair value. Fair value is measured on a non-recurring basis and is based upon independent market prices or current appraisals that are generally prepared using an income or market valuation approach and conducted by an independent, licensed third party appraiser, adjusted for estimated selling costs (Level 3). Appraisals used in this analysis are generally obtained at least annually based on when the assets were acquired, and thus the appraisals are not necessarily as of the period ends presented. At the time of foreclosure, any excess of the loan balance over the fair value of the real estate held as collateral is treated as a charge against the allowance for loan losses. For any real estate valuations subsequent to foreclosure, any excess of the real estate recorded value over the fair value of the real estate is treated as a foreclosed real estate write-down on the Consolidated Statements of Income.
For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of March 31,June 30, 2020, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:
($ in thousands)        
Description Fair Value at
March 31, 2020
 
Valuation
Technique
 
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
 Range (Weighted Average) Fair Value at
June 30, 2020
 
Valuation
Technique
 
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
 Range (Weighted Average)
Impaired loans - valued at collateral value $9,649
 Appraised value Discounts applied for estimated costs to sell 10% $11,150
 Appraised value Discounts applied for estimated costs to sell 10%
Impaired loans - valued at PV of expected cash flows 5,330
 PV of expected cash flows Discount rates used in the calculation of PV of expected cash flows 4-11% (6.31%) 5,633
 PV of expected cash flows Discount rates used in the calculation of PV of expected cash flows 4-11% (6.26%)
Foreclosed real estate 1,681
 Appraised value Discounts for estimated costs to sell 10% 1,151
 Appraised value Discounts for estimated costs to sell 10%
      
For Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring or non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2019, the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements were as follows:
($ in thousands)      
Description Fair Value at
December 31, 2019
 
Valuation
Technique
 
Significant Unobservable
Inputs
 Range (Weighted Average)
Impaired loans - valued at collateral value $10,718
 Appraised value Discounts applied for estimated costs to sell 10%
Impaired loans - valued at PV of expected cash flows 5,497
 PV of expected cash flows Discount rates used in the calculation of PV of expected cash flows 4-11% (6.50%)
Foreclosed real estate 1,830
 Appraised value Discounts for estimated costs to sell 10%
         




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The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments not carried at fair value at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are as follows:
  March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019  June 30, 2020 December 31, 2019
($ in thousands)
Level in Fair
Value
Hierarchy
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Level in Fair
Value
Hierarchy
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Cash and due from banks, noninterest-bearingLevel 1 $93,666
 93,666
 64,519
 64,519
Level 1 $94,684
 94,684
 64,519
 64,519
Due from banks, interest-bearingLevel 1 282,683
 282,683
 166,783
 166,783
Level 1 584,830
 584,830
 166,783
 166,783
Securities held to maturityLevel 2 61,303
 62,385
 67,932
 68,333
Level 2 94,924
 96,318
 67,932
 68,333
SBA loans held for saleLevel 2 18,449
 19,332
 
 
Level 2 3,382
 3,734
 
 
Total loans, net of allowanceLevel 3 4,528,210
 4,428,870
 4,432,068
 4,407,610
Level 3 4,727,721
 4,720,772
 4,432,068
 4,407,610
Accrued interest receivableLevel 1 15,767
 15,767
 16,648
 16,648
Level 1 19,943
 19,943
 16,648
 16,648
Bank-owned life insuranceLevel 1 105,083
 105,083
 104,441
 104,441
Level 1 105,712
 105,712
 104,441
 104,441
SBA Servicing AssetLevel 3 4,682
 4,906
 5,383
 5,649
Level 3 4,671
 4,973
 5,383
 5,649
                
DepositsLevel 2 5,044,988
 5,045,800
 4,931,355
 4,930,751
Level 2 5,831,138
 5,833,990
 4,931,355
 4,930,751
BorrowingsLevel 2 402,185
 393,542
 300,671
 295,399
Level 2 112,199
 103,001
 300,671
 295,399
Accrued interest payableLevel 2 2,100
 2,100
 2,154
 2,154
Level 2 1,525
 1,525
 2,154
 2,154

Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and information about the financial instrument. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering for sale at one time the Company’s entire holdings of a particular financial instrument. Because no highly liquid market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are based on judgments regarding future expected loss experience, current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments, and other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
Fair value estimates are based on existing on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of assets and liabilities that are not considered financial instruments. Significant assets and liabilities that are not considered financial assets or liabilities include net premises and equipment, intangible and other assets such as deferred income taxes, prepaid expense accounts, income taxes currently payable and other various accrued expenses. In addition, the income tax ramifications related to the realization of the unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in any of the estimates.



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Note 12 – Revenue from Contracts with Customers

All of the Company’s revenues that are in the scope of the “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” accounting standard (“ASC 606”) are recognized within noninterest income. The following table presents the Company’s sources of noninterest income for the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019. Items outside the scope of ASC 606 are noted as such.
For the Three Months EndedFor the Three Months Ended For the SIx Months Ended
$ in thousandsMarch 31, 2020 March 31, 2019June 30, 2020 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2020 June 30, 2019
Noninterest Income          
In-scope of ASC 606:          
Service charges on deposit accounts:$3,337
 2,945
$2,289
 3,210
 5,626
 6,155
Other service charges, commissions, and fees:          
Interchange income2,887
 2,809
3,086
 3,492
 5,972
 6,301
Other service charges and fees1,182
 1,697
1,538
 1,558
 2,721
 3,255
Commissions from sales of insurance and financial products:          
Insurance income1,198
 1,368
1,363
 1,304
 2,561
 2,672
Wealth management income870
 661
727
 900
 1,597
 1,561
SBA consulting fees1,027
 1,263
3,739
 921
 4,766
 2,184
Noninterest income (in-scope of ASC 606)10,501
 10,743
12,742
 11,385
 23,243
 22,128
Noninterest income (out-of-scope of ASC 606)3,204
 3,335
13,451
 4,249
 16,655
 7,584
Total noninterest income$13,705
 14,078
$26,193
 15,634
 39,898
 29,712

A description of the Company’s revenue streams accounted for under ASC 606 is detailed below.
Service Charges on Deposit Accounts: The Company earns fees from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, and overdraft services. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs. Maintenance and activity fees include account maintenance fees and transaction-based fees. Account maintenance fees, which relate primarily to monthly maintenance, are earned over the course of the month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as ATM use fees, stop payment charges, statement rendering, are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as that is the point in time the Company fulfills the customer’s request. Service charges on deposits are withdrawn from the customer’s account balance.
Other service charges, commissions, and fees: The Company earns interchange income on its customers’ debit and credit card usage and earns fees from other services utilized by its customers. Interchange income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Company’s debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks such as MasterCard. Interchange fees from cardholder transactions represent a percentage of the underlying transaction value and are recognized daily, concurrently with the transaction processing services provided to the cardholder. Interchange expenses were presented on a gross basis prior to the adoption of ASC 606 and are presented on a net basis in 2019 and 2020. Other service charges include revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks, ATM surcharge fees, and other services. The Company’s performance obligation for fees, exchange, and other service charges are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.
Commissions from the sale of insurance and financial products: The Company earns commissions from the sale of insurance policies and wealth management products.
Insurance income generally consists of commissions from the sale of insurance policies and performance-based commissions from insurance companies. The Company recognizes commission income from the sale of insurance policies when it acts as an agent between the insurance company and the policyholder. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied upon the issuance of the insurance policy. Shortly after the policy is issued, the carrier remits the commission payment to the Company, and the Company recognizes the revenue. Performance-based commissions from insurance companies are recognized at a point in time as policies are sold.


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Wealth Management Income primarily consists of commissions received on financial product sales, such as annuities. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied upon the issuance of the financial product. Shortly after the policy is issued, the carrier remits the commission payment to the Company, and the Company recognizes the revenue. The Company also earns some fees from asset management, which is billed quarterly for services rendered in the most recent period, for which the performance obligation has been satisfied.
SBA Consulting fees: The Company earns fees for its consulting services related to the origination of SBA loans. Fees are based on a percentage of the dollar amount of the originated loans and are recorded when the performance obligation has been satisfied. During the three months ended June 30, 2020, the Company's SBA subsidiary assisted its third-party clients in the origination of PPP loans and charged and received fees for doing so. For several clients, the forgiveness piece of the PPP process, which will occur at a future time, was included in the fees charged. Accordingly, the Company recorded deferred revenue for approximately one-half of the fees received, which amounted to $1.6 million at June 30, 2020. These fees will be recorded as income in the period in which the services associated with the forgiveness process are rendered.
The Company has made no significant judgments in applying the revenue guidance prescribed in ASC 606 that affect the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from the above-described contracts with customers.
Note 13 – Leases
The Company enters into leases in the normal course of business. As of March 31,June 30, 2020, the Company leased 8 branch offices for which the land and buildings are leased and 9 branch offices for which the land is leased but the building is owned. The Company also leases office space for several operational departments. All of the Company’s leases are operating leases under applicable accounting standards and the lease agreements have maturity dates ranging from January 2021 through May 2076, some of which include options for multiple five- and ten-year extensions.extensions. The weighted average remaining life of the lease term for these leases was 20.320.4 years as of March 31,June 30, 2020. The Company includes lease extension and termination options in the lease term if, after considering relevant economic factors, it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise the option. As permitted by applicable accounting standards, the Company has elected not to recognize leases with original lease terms of 12 months or less (short-term leases) on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Leases are classified as either operating or finance leases at the lease commencement date, and as previously noted, all of the Company's leases have been determined to be operating leases. Lease expense for operating leases and short-term leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Right-of-use assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term.
The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate, on a collateralized basis, at lease commencement to calculate the present value of lease payments when the rate implicit in the lease is not known. The weighted average discount rate for leases was 3.26%3.27% as of March 31,June 30, 2020.
Total operating lease expense was $0.7$1.4 million and $0.6$1.2 million for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The right-of-use assets and lease liabilities were $19.3$18.8 million and $19.6$19.1 million as of March 31,June 30, 2020, respectively.
Future undiscounted lease payments for operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of March 31,June 30, 2020 are as follows.

($ in thousands) 
April 1 to December 31, 2020$1,853
20212,257
20221,898
20231,776
20241,574
Thereafter19,564
Total undiscounted lease payments28,922
Less effect of discounting(9,344)
Present value of estimated lease payments (lease liability)$19,578

Page 38

Index

($ in thousands) 
July 1 to December 31, 2020$1,224
20212,257
20221,898
20231,776
20241,574
Thereafter19,564
Total undiscounted lease payments28,293
Less effect of discounting(9,184)
Present value of estimated lease payments (lease liability)$19,109




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Index

Note 14 - Shareholders' Equity

Stock Repurchases

During the first threesix months months of 2020, the Company repurchased approximately 576,406680,695 shares of the Company's common stock at an average stock price of $34.70$32.96 per share, which totaled $20$22 million, under a $40 million repurchase authorization publicly announced in November 2019. The Company has $20$17.6 million remaining of the $40 million repurchase authorization. The Company suspended repurchases in March 2020 for the foreseeable future.
Note 15 - Borrowings
The following tables present information regarding the Company’s outstanding borrowings at March, 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 - dollars are in thousands:
Description Due date Call Feature March 31, 2020 Interest Rate Due date Call Feature June 30, 2020 Interest Rate
FHLB Term Note 4/6/2020 None $50,000
 1.01% fixed
FHLB Term Note 5/6/2020 None 50,000
 0.88% fixed
FHLB Term Note 5/29/2020 None 40,000
 1.62% fixed
FHLB Term Note 6/8/2020 None 50,000
 0.71% fixed
FHLB Term Note 6/18/2020 None 50,000
 0.41% fixed
FHLB Term Note 9/4/2020 None 50,000
 0.64% fixed
FHLB Term Note 9/18/2020 None 50,000
 0.50% fixed 8/6/2020 None $50,000
 0.20% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 7/24/2023 None 158
 1.00% fixed 7/24/2023 None 146
 1.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 12/22/2023 None 1,020
 1.25% fixed 12/22/2023 None 1,010
 1.25% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 1/15/2026 None 6,000
 1.98% fixed 1/15/2026 None 6,000
 1.98% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 6/26/2028 None 242
 0.25% fixed 6/26/2028 None 240
 0.25% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 7/17/2028 None 54
 0.00% fixed 7/17/2028 None 52
 0.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 8/18/2028 None 179
 1.00% fixed 8/18/2028 None 178
 1.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 8/22/2028 None 179
 1.00% fixed 8/22/2028 None 178
 1.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 12/20/2028 None 364
 0.50% fixed 12/20/2028 None 361
 0.50% fixed
Trust Preferred Securities 1/23/2034 Quarterly by Company
beginning 1/23/2009
 20,620
 4.47% at 3/31/2020
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 2.70%
 1/23/2034 Quarterly by Company
beginning 1/23/2009
 20,620
 3.46% at 6/30/2020
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 2.70%
Trust Preferred Securities 6/15/2036 Quarterly by Company
beginning 6/15/2011
 25,774
 2.13% at 3/31/2020
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 1.39%
 6/15/2036 Quarterly by Company
beginning 6/15/2011
 25,774
 1.70% at 6/30/2020
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 1.39%
Trust Preferred Securities 1/7/2035 Quarterly by Company
beginning 1/7/2010
 10,310
 3.28% at 3/31/2020
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 2.00%
 1/7/2035 Quarterly by Company
beginning 1/7/2010
 10,310
 3.22% at 6/30/2020
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 2.00%
Total borrowings/ weighted average rate as ofTotal borrowings/ weighted average rate as of March 31, 2020 $404,900
 1.16%Total borrowings/ weighted average rate as of June 30, 2020 $114,869
 1.54%
Unamortized discount on acquired borrowingsUnamortized discount on acquired borrowings (2,715) Unamortized discount on acquired borrowings (2,670) 
Total borrowings $402,185
  $112,199
 




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Description Due date Call Feature December 31, 2019 Interest Rate
FHLB Term Note 1/30/2020 None $100,000
 1.70% fixed
FHLB Term Note 1/31/2020 None 68,000
 1.70% fixed
FHLB Term Note 1/31/2020 None 30,000
 1.70% fixed
FHLB Term Note 5/29/2020 None 40,000
 1.62% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 7/24/2023 None 168
 1.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 12/22/2023 None 1,029
 1.25% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 1/15/2026 None 6,500
 1.98% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 6/26/2028 None 245
 0.25% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 7/17/2028 None 55
 0.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 8/18/2028 None 181
 1.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 8/22/2028 None 181
 1.00% fixed
FHLB Principal Reducing Credit 12/20/2028 None 367
 0.50% fixed
Trust Preferred Securities 1/23/2034 Quarterly by Company
beginning 1/23/2009
 20,620
 4.64% at 12/31/2019
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 2.70%
Trust Preferred Securities 6/15/2036 Quarterly by Company
beginning 6/15/2011
 25,774
 3.28% at 12/31/2019
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 1.39%
Trust Preferred Securities 1/7/2035 Quarterly by Company
beginning 1/7/2010
 10,310
 3.99% at 12/31/2019
adjustable rate
3 month LIBOR + 2.00%
Total borrowings / weighted average rate as of December 31, 2019 $303,430
 2.12%
Unamortized discount on acquired borrowings   (2,759)  
Total borrowings     $300,671
  




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Item 2 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Consolidated Results of Operations and Financial Condition
Critical Accounting Policies
The accounting principles we follow and our methods of applying these principles conform with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and with general practices followed by the banking industry. Certain of these principles involve a significant amount of judgment and may involve the use of estimates based on our best assumptions at the time of the estimation. The allowance for loan losses, intangible assets, and the fair value and discount accretion of acquired loans are three policies we have identified as being more sensitive in terms of judgments and estimates, taking into account their overall potential impact to our consolidated financial statements.
Allowance for Loan Losses
Due to the estimation process and the potential materiality of the amounts involved, we have identified the accounting for the allowance for loan losses and the related provision for loan losses as an accounting policy critical to our consolidated financial statements. The provision for loan losses charged to operations is an amount sufficient to bring the allowance for loan losses to an estimated balance considered adequate to absorb losses inherent in the portfolio.
As previously noted, and as permitted by the CARES Act, we elected to defer the implementation of CECL until the earlier of the cessation of the national emergency or December 31, 2020 because of the challenges associated with developing a reliable forecast of losses that may result from the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, the Company's provision for loan losses for the first quartersix months of 2020 is based on the limited information available and the conditions that existed at March 31,June 30, 2020 related to COVID-19, according to the pre-CECL incurred loss methodology for determining loan losses and the remaining discussion below is based on that methodology. Upon the adoption of CECL, the Company expects its allowance for credit losses related to all financial assets will increase to approximately $40-$44 million as of January 1, 2020 compared to its allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2019 of approximately $21 million. As previously discussed, this initial impact will be reflected as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings.
Our determination of the adequacy of the allowance is based primarily on a mathematical model that estimates the appropriate allowance for loan losses. This model has two components. The first component involves the estimation of losses on individually evaluated “impaired loans.” A loan is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the original loan agreement. A loan is specifically evaluated for an appropriate valuation allowance if the loan balance is above a prescribed evaluation threshold (which varies based on credit quality, accruing status, troubled debt restructured status, purchased credit impaired status, and type of collateral) and the loan is determined to be impaired. The estimated valuation allowance is the difference, if any, between the loan balance outstanding and the value of the impaired loan as determined by either 1) an estimate of the cash flows that we expect to receive from the borrower discounted at the loan’s effective rate, or 2) in the case of a collateral-dependent loan, the fair value of the collateral.
The second component of the allowance model is an estimate of losses for all loans not considered to be impaired loans (“general reserve loans”). General reserve loans are segregated into pools by loan type and risk grade and estimated loss percentages are assigned to each loan pool based on historical losses.  The historical loss percentages are then adjusted for any environmental factors used to reflect changes in the collectability of the portfolio not captured by historical data.data such. In 2020, we have included environmental factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic. See additional discussion the "Summary of Loan Loss Experience."
The reserves estimated for individually evaluated impaired loans are then added to the reserve estimated for general reserve loans. This becomes our “allocated allowance.” The allocated allowance is compared to the actual allowance for loan losses recorded on our books and any adjustment necessary for the recorded allowance to absorb losses inherent in the portfolio is recorded as a provision for loan losses. The provision for loan losses is a direct charge to earnings in the period recorded. Any remaining difference between the allocated allowance and the actual allowance for loan losses recorded on our books is our “unallocated allowance.”
Purchased loans are recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. Therefore, amounts deemed uncollectible at the acquisition date represent a discount to the loan value and become a part of the fair value calculation. Subsequent decreases in the amount expected to be collected result in a provision for loan losses with a corresponding increase


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in the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent increases in the amount expected to be collected are accreted into income over the life of the loan and this accretion is referred to as “loan discount accretion.”
Within the purchased loan portfolio, loans are deemed purchased credit impaired at acquisition if the bank believes it will not be able to collect all contractual cash flows. Performing loans with an unamortized discount or premium that are not deemed purchased credit impaired are considered to be purchased performing loans. Purchased credit impaired loans are individually evaluated as impaired loans, as described above, while purchased performing loans are evaluated as general reserve loans. For purchased performing loan pools, any computed allowance that is in excess of remaining net discounts is a component of the allocated allowance.
Although we use the best information available to make evaluations, future material adjustments may be necessary if economic, operational, or other conditions change. In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses. Such agencies may require us to recognize additions to the allowance based on the examiners’ judgment about information available to them at the time of their examinations.
For further discussion, see “Nonperforming Assets” and “Summary of Loan Loss Experience” below.
See "Allowance“Allowance for Loan Losses and Provision for Loan Loss Experience" for additional discussion.Losses” below.
Intangible Assets
Due to the estimation process and the potential materiality of the amounts involved, we have also identified the accounting for intangible assets as an accounting policy critical to our consolidated financial statements.
When we complete an acquisition transaction, the excess of the purchase price over the amount by which the fair market value of assets acquired exceeds the fair market value of liabilities assumed represents an intangible asset. We must then determine the identifiable portions of the intangible asset, with any remaining amount classified as goodwill. Identifiable intangible assets associated with these acquisitions are generally amortized over the estimated life of the related asset, whereas goodwill is tested annually for impairment, but not systematically amortized. Assuming no goodwill impairment, it is beneficial to our future earnings to have a lower amount assigned to identifiable intangible assets and higher amount of goodwill as opposed to having a higher amount considered to be identifiable intangible assets and a lower amount classified as goodwill.
The primary identifiable intangible asset we typically record in connection with a whole bank or bank branch acquisition is the value of the core deposit intangible, whereas when we acquire an insurance agency or a consulting firm, as we did in 2016 and 2017, the primary identifiable intangible asset is the value of the acquired customer list. Determining the amount of identifiable intangible assets and their average lives involves multiple assumptions and estimates and is typically determined by performing a discounted cash flow analysis, which involves a combination of any or all of the following assumptions: customer attrition/runoff, alternative funding costs, deposit servicing costs, and discount rates. We typically engage a third party consultant to assist in each analysis. For the whole bank and bank branch transactions recorded to date, the core deposit intangibles have generally been estimated to have a life ranging from seven to ten years, with an accelerated rate of amortization. For insurance agency acquisitions, the identifiable intangible assets related to the customer lists were determined to have a life of ten to fifteen years, with amortization occurring on a straight-line basis. For SBA Complete, the consulting firm we acquired in 2016, the identifiable intangible asset related to the customer list was determined to have a life of approximately seven years, with amortization occurring on a straight-line basis.
Subsequent to the initial recording of the identifiable intangible assets and goodwill, we amortize the identifiable intangible assets over their estimated average lives, as discussed above. In addition, on at least an annual basis, with the annual evaluation occurring on October 31 of each year, goodwill is evaluated for impairment by comparing the fair value of our reporting units to their related carrying value, including goodwill. We have three reporting units – 1) First Bank with $222.7 million in goodwill, 2) First Bank Insurance with $7.4 million in goodwill, and 3) SBA activities, including SBA Complete and our SBA Lending Division, with $4.3 million in goodwill. If the carrying value of a reporting unit were ever to exceed its fair value, we would determine whether the implied fair value of the goodwill, using a discounted cash flow analysis, exceeded the carrying value of the goodwill. If the carrying value of the goodwill exceeded the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment loss would be recorded in an amount equal to that excess. Performing such a discounted cash flow analysis would involve the significant use of estimates and assumptions.


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In our 2019 goodwill impairment evaluation, we concluded that the goodwill for each of our reporting units was not impaired. Additionally, during the period ended March 31, 2020, the economic turmoil and market volatility resulting from the COVID-19 crisis resulted in a substantial decrease in the Company's stock price and market capitalization. Management believed such decrease was a triggering indicator requiring an interim step-one goodwill impairment quantitative analysis. In thisThe results of the March 31, 2020 analysis the Company determined that none of it'sthe Company's goodwill was impaired as of March 31, 2020. As a result of the continued economic turmoil and market volatility during the period ended June 30, 2020, the Company qualitatively reviewed the factors and assumptions used in the March 31, 2020 analysis, including financial projections, discount rates, and market premiums, in light of the triggering event existing as of June 30, 2020 and based on that analysis, the Company concluded there was no impairment of its goodwill at June 30, 2020. Management will continue to evaluate the economic conditions at future reporting periods for applicable changes.
We review identifiable intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Our policy is that an impairment loss is recognized, equal to the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and its fair value, if the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. Estimating future cash flows involves the use of multiple estimates and assumptions, such as those listed above.
Fair Value and Discount Accretion of Acquired Loans
We consider the determination of the initial fair value of acquired loans and the subsequent discount accretion of the purchased loans to involve a high degree of judgment and complexity.
We determine fair value accounting estimates of newly assumed assets and liabilities in accordance with relevant accounting guidance. However, the amount that we realize on these assets could differ materially from the carrying value reflected in our financial statements, based upon the timing of collections on the acquired loans in future periods. Because of inherent credit losses and interest rate marks associated with acquired loans, the amount that we record as the fair values for the loans is generally less than the contractual unpaid principal balance due from the borrowers, with the difference being referred to as the “discount” on the acquired loans. For non-impaired purchased loans, we accrete the discount over the lives of the loans in a manner consistent with the guidance for accounting for loan origination fees and costs.
For purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans, the excess of the cash flows initially expected to be collected over the fair value of the loans at the acquisition date (i.e., the accretable yield) is accreted into interest income over the estimated remaining life of the loans using the effective yield method, provided that the timing and the amount of future cash flows is reasonably estimable. Accordingly, such loans are not classified as nonaccrual and they are considered to be accruing because their interest income relates to the accretable yield recognized under accounting for PCI loans and not to contractual interest payments. The difference between the contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition, considering the impact of prepayments, is referred to as the nonaccretable difference.
Subsequent to an acquisition, estimates of cash flows expected to be collected are updated periodically based on updated assumptions regarding default rates, loss severities, and other factors that are reflective of current market conditions. If there is a decrease in cash flows expected to be collected, the provision for loan losses is charged, resulting in an increase to the allowance for loan losses. If the Company has a probable increase in cash flows expected to be collected, we will first reverse any previously established allowance for loan losses and then increase interest income as a prospective yield adjustment over the remaining life of the loan. The impact of changes in variable interest rates is recognized prospectively as adjustments to interest income.
Current Accounting Matters
See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements above for information about accounting standards that we have recently adopted and accounting standards that are pending adoption.

Recent Developments: COVID-19

In March 2020, the outbreak of the Coronavirus Disease 2019coronavirus (COVID-19) was recognized as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The spread of COVID-19 has caused economic and social disruption resulting in unprecedented uncertainty, volatility and disruption in financial markets, and has placed significant health, economic and other major pressures throughout the communities we serve, the United States and globally. While some industries have


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been impacted more severely than others, almost all businesses have been impacted to some degree. This disruption has resulted in the shuttering of businesses across the country, significant job loss, material decreases in oil and gas prices and in business valuations, changes in consumer behavior related to pandemic fears, and aggressive measures by the federal government.


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On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law. It contains substantial tax and spending provisions intended to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of the CARES Act is to prevent a severe economic downturn through various measures, including direct financial aid to American families and economic stimulus to significantly impacted industry sectors. The CARES Act also includes a range of other provisions designed to support the U.S. economy and mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on financial institutions and their customers, including through the authorization of various programs and measures that the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the Small Business Administration, the Federal Reserve Board, and other federal banking agencies may or are required to implement. Further, in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, the Federal Reserve Board has implemented or announced a number of facilities to provide emergency liquidity to various segments of the U.S. economy and financial market.

Under the CARES Act, financial institutions are permitted to delay the implementation of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (CECL) until the earlier of the termination date of the national emergency declaration by the President or December 31, 2020. The Company has elected such provision and will defer the adoption of CECL until such time that has occurred with an effective retrospective implementation date of January 1, 2020. Refer to Note 1,2, Accounting Policies, to the Company's consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. Additionally, in a related action to the CARES Act, the joint federal bank regulatory agencies issued an interim final rule effective March 31, 2020, that allows banking organizations that implement CECL this year to elect to mitigate the effects of the CECL accounting standard on their regulatory capital for two years. This two-year delay is in addition to the three-year transition period that the agencies had already made available. Upon such point of adoption of CECL during 2020, the Company will likely elect to defer the regulatory capital effects of CECL in accordance with the interim final rule.

The CARES Act also includes a provision that permits a financial institution to elect to suspend temporarily troubled debt restructuring accounting under ASC Subtopic 310-40 in certain circumstances (“section 4013”). To be eligible under section 4013, a loan modification must be (1) related to COVID-19; (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date of termination of the National Emergency or (B) December 31, 2020. In response to this section of the CARES Act, the federal banking agencies issued a revised interagency statement on April 7, 2020 that, in consultation with the Financial Accounting Standards Board, confirmed that for loans not subject to section 4013, short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to COVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to any relief are not troubled debt restructurings under ASC Subtopic 310-40. This includes short-term (e.g., up to six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers considered current are those that are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. Under these terms, as of March 31,June 30, 2020, the Company had processed payment deferrals for 3151,483 loans with an aggregate loan balance of $120 million. Through April 30, 2020, the number of deferrals increased to 1,269 with an aggregate loan balance of $647$774 million. These deferrals were generally no more than 90 days in duration. As the initial 90 day deferrals expire, the Company is approving second deferral requests based on the circumstances of each borrower. Thus a portion of the deferrals at June 30, 2020 represent grants of second deferrals for those borrowers whose initial deferrals were on or prior to April 1, 2020.

In response to the pandemic, the Company has implemented a number of procedures to support the safety and well-being of its employees, customers and shareholders. In addition, the Company has taken deliberate actions to ensure the continued health and strength of its balance sheet in order to serve its clients and communities.

Employees, Customers and Communities

The Company is supporting the health and safety of its employees and customers, and complying with government directives, through responsible operations administered under its Board approved business continuity plan and protocols:
All branches currently operate on a "drive-thru only" basis, except by appointment.
The Company has implemented an employee work-from-home plan where possible.
Extra precautions are being taken to safeguard health and safety in branch facilities.
The Company is a lender for the Small Business Administration's (“SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"),SBA's PPP program, a program under the CARES Act, and other SBA, Federal Reserve or United States Treasury programs that have been created in response to the pandemic


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and may be a lender for programs created in the future. These programs are new and their effects on the Company’s business are uncertain. In April and


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early MayAs of June 30, 2020, the Company approved 2,799holds 2,810 PPP loans totaling approximately $249.5$244.9 million under the allocation approved by Congress.
TheAs previously discussed, the Company has implemented a short-term deferral modification program that complies with federal banking regulator's interagency guidance and is working with borrowers effected by COVID-19 on a case by case basis. Under these terms, as of March 31,June 30, 2020, the Company had processed payment deferrals for 3151,483 loans with an aggregate loan balance of $120$774 million. Through AprilAs the initial 90 day deferrals expire, the Company is approving second deferral requests based on the circumstances of each borrower. Thus a portion of the deferrals at June 30, 2020 the numberrepresent grants of second deferrals increased to 1,269 with an aggregate loan balance of $647 million. Thesefor those borrowers whose initial deferrals were generally no more than 90 days in duration.on or prior to April 1, 2020.

Capital, Liquidity & Credit

Capital remains strong, with ratios of the Company, and its subsidiary bank, well above the standards to be considered well-capitalized under regulatory requirements.

Liquidity has increased since the onset of the pandemic, with the Company experiencing increases in deposits and in its cash levels. Management considers the Company's current liquidity position to be adequate to meet short-term and long-term liquidity needs.

Asset quality remains solid, with nonperforming assets to total assets amounting to 0.60%0.69% at March 31,June 30, 2020 compared to 0.62% at December 31, 2019.

In determining the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2020, we reviewed industry types and deferral percentages within our loan portfolio in light of the pandemic. Based on that analysis, we assigned loan loss reserves for certain of those loan types that were consistent with probable loss rates incurred in a stressed economic scenario. The Company identified several loan portfolio categories totaling approximately $553 million that it considered to be most “at-risk” from the COVID-19 pandemic, including hotels, restaurants, retail stores, travel accommodations, child care facilities, arts and entertainment, barber shops and beauty salons, car and boat dealers, and mini-storage facilities, as well asalso recorded supplemental qualitative reserves for all credit cards.other loans in deferral status. As a result the analysis, the Company recorded an approximately $4.3$16.7 million of COVID-19 related provisionqualitative reserves are included in the Company's June 30, 2020 allowance for loan losses, which brought the total provision for loan losses to $5.6loss amount of $42.3 million for the three months ended March 31,at June 30, 2020. The amount was determined as if the risk grades for the loans in these portfolios had been adjusted downwards and then applying historical loss rates associated with those risk grades.
FINANCIAL OVERVIEW

Net income amounted to $18.2$16.4 million, or $0.62$0.56 per diluted common share, for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 a decrease of 17.3% in earnings per share from the $22.3compared to $23.9 million, or $0.75$0.80 per diluted common share, recorded in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, net income amounted to $34.5 million, or $1.18 per diluted common share compared to $46.1 million, or $1.55 per diluted common share, for the six months ended June 30, 2019.

The decrease in earnings for both periods in 2020 was primarily due to an increaseincreases in the provisionprovisions for loan losses recorded, which amounted to $5.6 million in the first quarter of 2020 compared to $0.5 million in the first quarter of 2019. The 2020 amount reflects approximately $4.3 million in provisionwere largely related to COVID-19. As permitted byestimated losses arising from the CARES Act, the Company elected to defer the implementationeconomic impact of the Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL) methodology. Accordingly, our provision for loan losses for the first quarter of 2020 is based on the limited information available and the conditions that existed at March 31, 2020 related to COVID-19, and calculated under the pre-CECL incurred loss methodology for determining loan losses. See furthersee additional discussion below.

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin

Net interest income for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 was $54.8$52.6 million, a 2.6% increase3.3% decrease from the $53.4$54.4 million recorded in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. Net interest income for the first six months of 2020 was $107.4 million, a 0.4% decrease from the $107.8 million recorded in the comparable period of 2019. The increasedecreases in net interest income waswere primarily due to growth in interest-earning assets, which have increased by approximately 4% over the past year, but was partially offset by a lower net interest margin.margins.

Our net interest margin (a non-GAAP measure calculated by dividing tax-equivalent net interest income by average earning assets) for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 was 3.96%3.49%, which was 1057 basis points lower than the 4.06% realized in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, our net interest margin was 3.71% compared to 4.06% for the same period in 2019. The lower margin wasmargins were primarily due to the impact of lowerthe interest rates. Since August 2019,rate cuts initiated by the Federal Reserve Board has decreased interest rates by 225 basis points, which resulted in asset yields declining by 20 basis points from the first quarter of 2019, while our cost of funds declined by 10 basis points.





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Bank since August 2019.

Provision for Loan Losses and Asset Quality

As previously noted,permitted by the CARES Act enacted in March 2020, we deferredelected to defer the implementation of CECL andthe Current Expected Credit Loss (CECL) methodology. Accordingly, our allowance for loan losses at each period end is based


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on our estimate of probable losses that have been incurred at the end of each reporting period, including losses arising from the impact of COVID-19, in accordance with the pre-CECL methodology for determining loan losses.

We recorded a provision for loan losses of $5.6$19.3 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to a negative provision for loan losses (reduction of $0.5the allowance for loan losses) of $0.3 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded provisions for loan losses of $24.9 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The increases in 2020 amount reflects approximately $4.3 million in provisionare primarily related to COVID-19 and was basedestimated probable losses arising from the economic impact of COVID-19. Since the onset of the pandemic in March 2020, we have worked with many of our borrowers, including the option of loan payment deferrals, with total loans on deferral status amounting to $774 million at June 30, 2020, or 16% of the limited information available and the conditions that existed at March 31, 2020 related to COVID-19, according to the pre-CECL incurred loss methodology for determining loan losses. See "Summary of Loan Loss Experience" for more discussion.portfolio.

Total net charge-offs for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 amounted to $2.5$1.5 million, or 0.22%0.12% of average loans on an annualized basis, compared to no net charge-offs of $0.4 million, or 0.04% of average loans, in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. Approximately $1.7For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, total net charge-offs were $3.9 million of the first quarter charge-offs had been previously specifically reserved for at December 31, 2019. Total nonperforming assetsand $0.4 million, respectively, which on an annualized basis amounted to $38.3 million at March 31, 2020 compared to $37.8 million at December 31, 2019.0.17% and 0.02%, respectively.

Noninterest Income

Total noninterest income was $13.7$26.2 million and $14.1$15.6 million for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, total noninterest income was $39.9 million and $29.7 million, respectively. The line item "Other service charges, commissions, and fees" includes $0.5 million of impairment of our SBA servicing asset due to the lower fair value of that asset resulting from market conditions at March 31, 2020. Fees from presold mortgages amounted to $1.8 million for the first quarter ofincreases in noninterest income in 2020 compared to $0.5 million in the first quarter of 2019, with the increase beingare primarily due to lower interest rates that resulted in increases infees earned as a result of high mortgage loan volume.

activity, SBA loan sale gains amountedconsulting fees related to $0.6client assistance with PPP originations, and an $8.0 million forgain realized from securities sales in the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2019. We had intended to sell an additional $18.4 million of SBA loans in the first quarter of 2020, however sales scheduled to occur in late March did not occur due to market conditions. Accordingly, we have reflected those loans as "held for sale" in the accompanying Balance Sheet.2020.

Noninterest Expenses

Noninterest expenses amounted to $40.1$38.9 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to $38.8$40.1 million recorded in the firstsecond quarter of 2019, a decrease of 3.0%. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, noninterest expenses amounted to $79.0 million, an increase of 3.4%.0.2% from the $78.9 million recorded in the comparable period of 2019. Noninterest expenses in the second quarter of 2020 trended lower due primarily to the generally lower economic activity resulting from the pandemic.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate was 20.3%20.7% and 20.5% for the first quarter ofthree and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to 20.9% in21.2% and 21.0% for the first quarter of 2019.three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.

Balance Sheet and Capital

Total assets at March 31,June 30, 2020 amounted to $6.4 billion. $6.9 billion, a 12.1% increase from December 31, 2019.

Loan growth for the threesix months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 amounted to $99.2$316.6 million, including the origination of $244.9 million in PPP loans. Loan growth for the first six months of 2020, excluding PPP loans, was $71.7 million, or 9.0% annualized,3.2% annualized. Deposit growth for the first six months of 2020 amounted to $899.8 million and was primarily concentrated in transaction based accounts. In addition to deposits arising from PPP loans, this high deposit growth amountedis believed to $113.6be due to a combination of stimulus funds and changes in customer behaviors during the pandemic, as well as our ongoing deposit growth initiatives.

With the excess liquidity resulting from the high deposit growth we experienced, we reduced our outstanding borrowings from $300.7 million or 9.3% annualized.at December 31, 2019 to $112.2 million at June 30, 2020, a decline of 62.7%.

We remain well-capitalized by all regulatory standards, with a Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio at March 31,June 30, 2020 of 14.51%.15.13%, an increase from the 14.89% reported at December 31, 2019.



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Components of Earnings
Net interest income is the largest component of earnings, representing the difference between interest and fees generated from earning assets and the interest costs of deposits and other funds needed to support those assets. Net interest income for the three month period ended March 31, 2020 amounted to $54.8 million, an increase of $1.4 million, or 2.6%, from the $53.4 million recorded in the first quarter of 2019. Net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis for the three month period ended March 31, 2020 amounted to $55.1 million, an increase of $1.3 million, or 2.4%, from the $53.8 million recorded in the first quarter of 2019. We believe that analysis of net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis is useful and appropriate because it allows


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a comparison of net interest income amounts in different periods without taking into account the different mix of taxable versus non-taxable loans and investments that may have existed during those periods.
Net interest income for the three month period ended June 30, 2020 amounted to $52.6 million, a decrease of $1.7 million, or 3.3%, from the $54.4 million recorded in the second quarter of 2019. Net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis for the three month period ended June 30, 2020 amounted to $53.0 million, a decrease of $1.9 million, or 3.4%, from the $54.8 million recorded in the second quarter of 2019.
Net interest income for the six month period ended June 30, 2020 amounted to $107.4 million, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 0.4%, from the $107.8 million recorded in the first six months of 2019. Net interest income on a tax-equivalent basis for the six month period ended June 30, 2020 amounted to $108.0 million, a decrease of $0.6 million, or 0.5%, from the $108.6 million recorded in the first six months of 2019.
($ in thousands)Three Months Ended June 30,
2020 2019
Net interest income, as reported$52,624
 54,409
Tax-equivalent adjustment330
 423
Net interest income, tax-equivalent$52,954
 54,832
   
Six Months Ended June 30,
Three Months Ended March 31,2020 2019
($ in thousands)2020 2019
Net interest income, as reported$54,759
 53,361
$107,383
 107,770
Tax-equivalent adjustment334
 424
664
 847
Net interest income, tax-equivalent$55,093
 53,785
$108,047
 108,617
There are two primary factors that cause changes in the amount of net interest income we record - 1) changes in our loans and deposits balances, and 2) our net interest margin (tax-equivalent net interest income divided by average interest-earning assets).
For the three and six months ended March 31,June 30, 2020, the higherlower net interest income compared to the same periodperiods of 2019 was primarily due to growth in interest-earning assets.lower net interest margins.



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The following table presents an analysis of net interest income.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended June 30,
2020 20192020 2019
($ in thousands)
Average
Volume
 
Average
Rate
 
Interest
Earned
or Paid
 
Average
Volume
 
Average
Rate
 
Interest
Earned
or Paid
Average
Volume
 
Average
Rate
 
Interest
Earned
or Paid
 
Average
Volume
 
Average
Rate
 
Interest
Earned
or Paid
Assets 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
Loans (1)$4,512,893
 4.93% $55,297
 $4,280,272
 5.11% $53,960
$4,738,702
 4.41% $51,964
 $4,329,866
 5.16% $55,652
Taxable securities834,528
 2.64% 5,474
 651,878
 2.95% 4,737
770,441
 2.49% 4,771
 715,848
 2.80% 4,993
Non-taxable securities21,719
 3.04% 164
 45,752
 2.99% 337
17,795
 2.64% 117
 34,604
 3.14% 271
Short-term investments, primarily overnight funds226,797
 1.95% 1,098
 394,864
 2.77% 2,701
Short-term investments, primarily interest-bearing cash575,074
 0.55% 788
 336,966
 2.51% 2,106
Total interest-earning assets5,595,937
 4.46% 62,033
 5,372,766
 4.66% 61,735
6,102,012
 3.80% 57,640
 5,417,284
 4.67% 63,022
                      
Cash and due from banks63,218
     55,899
    88,727
     53,853
    
Premises and equipment114,323
     118,911
    114,911
     136,813
    
Other assets409,620
     397,473
    422,112
     386,645
    
Total assets$6,183,098
     $5,945,049
    $6,727,762
     $5,994,595
    
                      
Liabilities                      
Interest bearing checking$899,004
 0.18% $408
 908,039
 0.15% $327
$972,580
 0.11% $267
 $892,615
 0.14% $301
Money market deposits1,203,129
 0.56% 1,683
 1,056,931
 0.54% 1,395
1,294,462
 0.29% 920
 1,099,531
 0.63% 1,725
Savings deposits426,225
 0.25% 269
 426,843
 0.27% 287
454,791
 0.13% 147
 414,095
 0.30% 309
Time deposits >$100,000644,113
 1.83% 2,924
 712,540
 1.81% 3,178
632,319
 1.48% 2,324
 723,218
 1.95% 3,522
Other time deposits250,860
 0.78% 489
 263,171
 0.60% 390
242,754
 0.69% 416
 262,537
 0.71% 467
Total interest-bearing deposits3,423,331
 0.68% 5,773
 3,367,524
 0.67% 5,577
3,596,906
 0.46% 4,074
 3,391,996
 0.75% 6,324
Borrowings316,136
 1.91% 1,501
 406,190
 2.79% 2,797
288,997
 1.31% 942
 324,096
 2.83% 2,289
Total interest-bearing liabilities3,739,467
 0.78% 7,274
 3,773,714
 0.90% 8,374
3,885,903
 0.52% 5,016
 3,716,092
 0.93% 8,613
                      
Noninterest bearing checking1,526,868
     1,336,707
    1,905,449
     1,418,033
    
Other liabilities58,171
     59,569
    64,915
     58,339
    
Shareholders’ equity858,592
     775,059
    871,495
     802,131
    
Total liabilities and
shareholders’ equity
$6,183,098
     $5,945,049
    $6,727,762
     $5,994,595
    
                      
Net yield on interest-earning assets and net interest income  3.94% $54,759
   4.03% $53,361
  3.47% $52,624
   4.03% $54,409
Net yield on interest-earning assets and net interest income – tax-equivalent (2)  3.96% $55,093
   4.06% $53,785
  3.49% $52,954
   4.06% $54,832
                      
Interest rate spread  3.68%     3.76%    3.28%     3.74%  
                      
Average prime rate  4.42%     5.50%    3.25%     5.50%  
(1)   Average loans include nonaccruing loans, the effect of which is to lower the average rate shown.
(2)   Includes tax-equivalent adjustments of $334,000$330,000 and $424,000$423,000 in 2020 and 2019, respectively, to reflect the tax benefit that we receive related to tax-exempt securities and tax-exempt loans, which carry interest rates lower than similar taxable investments/loans due to their tax exempt status. This amount has been computed assuming a 23% tax rate and is reduced by the related nondeductible portion of interest expense.


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 For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 2020 2019
($ in thousands)Average
Volume
 Average
Rate
 Interest
Earned
or Paid
 Average
Volume
 Average
Rate
 Interest
Earned
or Paid
Assets           
Loans (1)$4,625,798
 4.66% $164,754
 $4,305,069
 5.13% $109,612
Taxable securities802,485
 2.57% 14,859
 685,589
 2.86% 9,730
Non-taxable securities19,756
 2.86% 820
 38,452
 3.19% 608
Short-term investments, primarily interest-bearing cash400,935
 0.95% 6,705
 365,915
 2.65% 4,807
Total interest-earning assets5,848,974
 4.11% $187,138
 5,395,025
 4.66% 124,757
            
Cash and due from banks75,984
     54,876
    
Premises and equipment114,624
     136,918
    
Other assets416,009
     383,003
    
Total assets$6,455,591
     $5,969,822
    
            
Liabilities           
Interest bearing checking$935,792
 0.14% $966
 $900,327
 0.14% $628
Money market deposits1,248,796
 0.42% 5,036
 1,078,231
 0.58% 3,120
Savings deposits440,508
 0.19% 903
 420,469
 0.29% 596
Time deposits >$100,000638,216
 1.65% 10,221
 717,879
 1.88% 6,700
Other time deposits246,807
 0.74% 1,372
 262,854
 0.66% 857
Total interest-bearing deposits3,510,119
 0.56% 18,498
 3,379,760
 0.71% 11,901
Borrowings302,566
 1.62% 7,092
 365,143
 2.81% 5,086
Total interest-bearing liabilities3,812,685
 0.65% 25,590
 3,744,903
 0.91% 16,987
            
Noninterest bearing checking1,716,212
     1,377,370
    
Other liabilities61,570
     58,954
    
Shareholders’ equity865,124
     788,595
    
Total liabilities and
shareholders’ equity
$6,455,591
     $5,969,822
    
            
Net yield on interest-earning assets and net interest income  3.69% $161,548
   4.03% $107,770
Net yield on interest-earning assets and net interest income – tax-equivalent (2)  3.71% $162,808
   4.06% $108,617
            
Interest rate spread  3.46%     3.75%  
            
Average prime rate  3.84%     5.50%  
(1)   Average loans include nonaccruing loans, the effect of which is to lower the average rate shown.
(2)   Includes tax-equivalent adjustments of $664,000 and $847,000 in 2020 and 2019, respectively, to reflect the tax benefit that we receive related to tax-exempt securities and tax-exempt loans, which carry interest rates lower than similar taxable investments/loans due to their tax exempt status. This amount has been computed assuming a 23% tax rate and is reduced by the related nondeductible portion of interest expense.
Average loans outstanding for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 were $4.513$4.739 billion, which was $233$409 million, or 5.4%9.4%, higher than the average loans outstanding for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 ($4.2804.330 billion). Average loans for the six months ended June 30, 2020 were $4.626 billion, which was $321 million, or 7.5%, higher than the average loans outstanding for the comparable period of 2019 ($4.305 billion). The higher amount of average loans outstanding in 2020 was primarily due to our loan growth initiatives, including our continued focus and expansion into higher growth markets, our hiring of experienced bankers and our emphasis on SBA lending. Also significantly impacting our growth in loans in 2020 was the origination of $245 million in PPP loans during the second quarter of 2020. Excluding PPP loan balances, average loans outstanding were approximately 5.3% higher for the both the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to the prior respective periods.


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In late 2018 and early 2019, in order to reduce exposure to the possibility of lower interest rates, we invested a portion of our interest-bearing cash balances into fixed rate investment securities. As a result, as shown in the


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tables above, our average balance of taxable securities grew by $183$117 million, or 28.0%17.1% when comparing the first quartersix months of 2020 to the first quartersix months of 2019.

The increases in loans and securities were partially funded from the banks overnight funds, which declinedAverage short-term investments, primarily interest-bearing cash, for the periodssecond quarter of 2020 amounted to $575 million, which was $238 million, or 70.5%, higher than for the second quarter of 2019 ($337 million). Average short-term investments, primarily interest-bearing cash, outstanding increased $35 million, or 9.6%, when comparing the first six months of 2020 to the same period of 2019. Interest-bearing cash balances increased significantly in 2020 compareddue to 2019, as shown in the tables above. However the larger source of funding arose fromhigh deposit growth in our deposit balances,experienced, as discussed in the following paragraph.
Average total deposits outstanding for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 were $4.950$5.502 billion, which was $246$692 million, or 5.2%14.4%, higher than the average deposits outstanding for the firstsecond quarter of 2019 ($4.7044.810 billion). We continue to implement strategies to growAverage total deposits which we believe to be the principal reasonoutstanding for the increasesfirst six months of 2020 were $469 million, or 9.9%, higher than the comparable period of 2019. The majority of the growth has occurred in our deposit balances. Average transaction deposit accounts (noninterest bearing checking, interest bearing checking, money market and savings accounts) increased. We believe the high deposit growth was due to a combination of factors including: 1) the deposit of PPP funds into customer checking accounts, 2) the government’s stimulus payments, 3) consumer savings habits, and 4) positive results from $3.729 billion duringour deposit account growth initiatives.
We utilized funds provided by our high deposit growth to pay down a substantial portion of our borrowings in 2020. Total borrowings at June 30, 2020 amounted to $112 million, a decline of $188 million, or 62.7% from December 31, 2019, while average borrowings decreased $34 million, or 10.5%, when comparing the second quarter of 2020 to the second quarter of 2019. Average borrowings decreased $63 million, or 17.1%, when comparing the first three months of 2019 to $4.055 billion during the first threesix months of 2020 representing growthto the first six months of $327 million, or 8.8%.2019.
See additional information regarding changes in our loans and deposits in the section below entitled ���Financial“Financial Condition.”

Our net interest margin (tax-equivalent(a non-GAAP measure calculated by dividing tax-equivalent net interest income divided by average earning assets) for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 was 3.96%3.49%, which was 1057 basis points lower than the 4.06% realized in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, our net interest margin was 3.71% compared to 4.06% for the same period in 2019. The lower margin wasmargins were primarily due to the impact of lower interest rates, which were partially offset by higher loan discount accretion.

We recorded loan discount accretion of $1.8 million in the first quarter of 2020, compared to $1.4 million in the first quarter of 2019. The higher loan discount accretion was attributable loan payoffs and higher accretion on SBA loans.rates.
As derived from the table above, in comparing 2020 to 2019, interest-earning asset yields decreased 2087 basis points in the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to the firstsecond quarter of 2019, while interest-bearing liability costs decreased by 12only 41 basis points over that same period. In comparing the year-to-date periods, interest-earning asset yields decreased 55 basis points, while interest-bearing liability costs decreased by only 26 basis points. Since August 2019, the Federal Reserve Board has decreased interest rates by 225 basis points, which resulted in significant declines in our asset yields. Most significantly, approximately one-third of our loan portfolio is comprised of adjustable rate loans, most of which repriced down following the interest rate cuts. We have been able to reduce our deposit costs, but not to the same level as the reduction experienced in our asset yields. Our net interest margin was also negatively impacted by high levels of overnight funds that resulted from the strong deposit growth during the second quarter of 2020.

Our PPP loans did not significantly impact our net interest margins during 2020. During the 2020 periods, we amortized as interest income $1.3 million of the origination fees, which when added to the interest earned from the stated note rate of 1%, resulted in a 3.97% yield on those loans for the second quarter of 2020. We have $8.8 million in remaining deferred PPP fees that will be recognized over the lives of the loans, with accelerated amortization expected to result from the loan forgiveness process.

We recorded loan discount accretion of $1.4 million in the second quarter of 2020, compared to $1.7 million in the second quarter of 2019. The lower loan discount accretion in 2020 was attributable to lower loan payoffs. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded loan discount accretion of $3.2 million and $3.1 million, respectively. The higher loan discount accretion was attributable to higher accretion on SBA loans due to growth in that portfolio.
See additional information regarding net interest income in the section entitled “Interest Rate Risk.”



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We recorded a provision for loan losses of $5.6$19.3 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to a negative provision for loan losses (reduction of $0.5the allowance for loan losses) of $0.3 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. As previously discussed, our provisionFor the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded provisions for loan losses of $24.9 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The increases in 2020 reflects approximately $4.3 million in provisionare primarily related to COVID-19 and was basedestimated probable losses arising from the economic impact of COVID-19. Since the onset of the pandemic in March 2020, we have worked with many of our borrowers, including the option of loan payment deferrals, with total loans on the limited information available and the conditions that existed at March 31, 2020 relateddeferral status amounting to COVID-19, according to the pre-CECL incurred loss methodology for determining loan losses.

Nonperforming assets amounted to $38.3$774 million at March 31,June 30, 2020, compared to $37.8 million at December 31, 2019. Our nonperforming assets to total assets ratio was 0.60% at March 31, 2020 compared to 0.62% at December 31, 2019. The ratioor 16% of annualized net charge-offs to average loansthe loan portfolio. See the section entitled "Allowance for the three months ended March 31, 2020 was 0.22%, compared to 0.04%Loan Losses and Provision for the same period of 2019.Loan Losses" below for additional information.

Total noninterest income was $13.7$26.2 million and $14.1$15.6 million for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, total noninterest income was $39.9 million and $29.7 million, respectively.

Service charges on deposit accounts increased from $2.9amounted to $2.3 million for the second quarter of 2020 compared to $3.2 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2019 to $3.3 million in2019. For the first quartersix months of 2020 an increaseand 2019, service charges on deposit accounts amounted to $5.6 million and $6.2 million, respectively. The decreases are primarily due to fewer instances of overdraft fees that we believe is due to promotionlikely associated with the generally higher levels of new deposit products.deposits maintained by our customers during 2020.

Other service charges, commissions, and fees decreasedamounted to $4.6 million in the second quarter of 2020 compared to $5.1 million, a decline of 8.4%. For the first six months of 2020, this line item amounted to $8.7 million compared to $9.6 million for the same period of 2019, primarilya decline of 9.0%. Both periods in 2020 were impacted by lower interchange income due to reduced credit card and debit card usage that we believe is attributable to the pandemic. The first quarter of 2020 was also negatively impacted by a $0.5 million impairment recorded onof our SBA servicing asset due to the lower fair value of that asset resulting from market conditions at March 31, 2020.

Fees from presold mortgages increased significantly from $0.5amounted to $3.0 million for the second quarter of 2020 compared to $0.9 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2019 to $1.8 million in2019. For the first quartersix months of 2020.2020 and 2019, fees from presold mortgages amounted to $4.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The higher feesincreases in 2020 are primarily due to hiring additional originators, as well a increased volumes in thehigher mortgage industry due to decliningloan origination volume arising from historically low mortgage loan interest rates.


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Commissions from sales of insurance and financial products did not vary significantly for the periods presented, amounting to approximately $2.1 million and $2.0$2.2 million for the firstsecond quarters of 2020 and 2019, respectively.respectively, and $4.2 million for both the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019.
Both SBA consulting fees and SBA loans sale gains were lower in 2020 compared to 2019.
For the three months ended March 31,second quarters of 2020 and 2019, SBA consulting fees amounted to $1.0$3.7 million comparedand $0.9 million, respectively. For the first six months of 2020 and 2019, SBA consulting fees amounted to $1.3$4.8 million and $2.2 million, respectively. The increases in 2020 are due to fees earned in the second quarter by the Company's SBA subsidiary, SBA Complete, related to assisting its third-party client banks with the PPP, which amounted to approximately $3.0 million. Included in the $3.0 million of PPP fees are $0.5 million in servicing fees related to those loans. Based on June 30, 2020 balances, PPP servicing fees are estimated at $230,000 per month, which will be reduced upon the firstpayback and/or forgiveness of the PPP loans. In addition to the PPP fees recorded in the second quarter of 2019. As it relates to 2020, SBA Complete deferred $1.6 million of revenue that will be recorded as income upon the forgiveness portion of the PPP loans.

SBA loan sale gains we recorded $0.6amounted to $2.0 million and $2.6 million for the firstthree and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to $3.1 million and $5.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. Origination of SBA loans have generally declined due to the economic impact of COVID-19.

During the second quarter of 2020, comparedwe sold approximately $220 million in mortgage-backed and commercial mortgage-backed securities at a gain of $8.0 million. The securities sold were believed to $2.1 million forbe favorably impacted by historically low interest rates and Federal Reserve stimulus measures. No securities gains were recorded in the first quarterhalf of 2019. The declines in both of these SBA items was due to lower origination activity. Additionally, we had $18.4 million in SBA loans that we intended to sell in March 2020, but the sales scheduled to occur in late March did not occur due to market conditions. Accordingly, we reflect those loans as "held for sale" in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Noninterest expenses amounted to $40.1$38.9 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2020 a 3.4% increase from the $38.8compared to $40.1 million recorded in the firstsecond quarter of 2019, a decrease of 3.0%. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, noninterest expenses amounted to $79.0 million, an increase of 0.2% from the $78.9 million recorded in the comparable period of 2019. Noninterest expenses in 2020 were impacted by generally lower economic activity resulting from the pandemic.



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Personnel expenseexpense increased 4.7%1.3% to $24.7$24.5 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2020 from $23.6$24.2 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2019. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, personnel expense amounted to $49.1 million and $47.7 million, an increase of 2.9%. The increase in 2020 was primarily due to an increase in commissions earned by the Company's growth initiatives.mortgage loan originators that is associated with the high volume of originations in 2020. In the second quarter of 2020, the Company deferred approximately $500,000 in personnel costs associated with PPP loan originations (FAS 91).
The combined amount of occupancy and equipment expense did not vary significantly among the periods presented, amounting $4.1to $3.7 million and $3.9 million for both three month periods.periods ending June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $7.8 million and $8.0 million for the six month periods ending June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Intangibles amortization expense decreased from $1.3$1.2 million in the second quarter of 2019 to $1.0 million in the second quarter of 2020, and decreased from $2.6 million in the first quartersix months of 2019 to $1.1$2.0 million in the first quartersix months of 2020. The decline wasdeclines were primarily a result of the amortization of intangible assets associated with acquisitions that typically have amortization schedules that decline over time.

Foreclosed property losses decreased among the 2020 periods presented due primarily to lower levels of foreclosed properties that the Bank holds.
Other operating expenses amounted to $10.1$9.7 million for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to $9.4$10.3 million in the firstsecond quarter of 2019, an increasea decrease of 7.3%5.9%. The increasedecrease was primarily a result of a general decline in various activity-based expenses due to increased softwarethe pandemic. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and supplies costs in 2020.2019, other operating expenses did not vary significantly, amounting to $19.8 million and $19.7 million, respectively.
For the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, the provision for income taxes was $4.6$4.3 million, an effective tax rate of 20.3%20.7%, and $5.9$6.4 million, an effective tax rate of 20.9%21.2%, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the provision for income taxes was $8.9 million, an effective tax rate of 20.5%, and $12.3 million, an effective tax rate of 21.0%, respectively.
The consolidated statements of comprehensive income reflect other comprehensive incomeloss of $16.1$3.9 million during the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to other comprehensive income of $4.7$9.2 million during the firstsecond quarter of 2019. For the first six months of 2020 and 2019, the consolidated statements of comprehensive income reflect other comprehensive income of $12.2 million and $13.8 million, respectively. The primary component of other comprehensive income for the periods presented was changes in unrealized holding gains of our available for sale securities resulting from declines in interest rates. The other comprehensive loss in the second quarter of 2020 was due to the realization of $8.0 million ($6.2 million, net of taxes) in gains from sales of approximately $220 million of available for sale securities, which offset $2.8 million ($2.1 million, net of taxes) of unrealized holding gains. Our available for sale securities portfolio is predominantly comprised of fixed rate bonds that generally increase in value when market yields for fixed rate bonds decrease and decline in value when market yields for fixed rate bonds increase. Management has evaluated any unrealized losses on individual securities at each period end and determined that there is no other-than-temporary impairment.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Total assets at March 31,June 30, 2020 amounted to $6.4$6.9 billion, a 3.8%12.1% increase from December 31, 2019. Total loans at March 31,June 30, 2020 amounted to $4.6$4.8 billion, a 2.2%7.1% increase from December 31, 2019, and total deposits amounted to $5.0$5.8 billion, a 2.3%an 18.2% increase from December 31, 2019.
The following table presents information regarding the nature of changes in our levels of loans and deposits for the first threesix months of 2020.


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$ in thousands                
January 1, 2020 to
March 31, 2020
 
Balance at
beginning
of period
 
Internal
Growth,
net
 
Balance at
end of
period
 
Total
percentage
growth
January 1, 2020 to
June 30, 2020
 
Balance at
beginning
of period
 
Internal
Growth,
net
 
Balance at
end of
period
 
Total
percentage
growth
Total loans $4,453,466
 99,242
 4,552,708
 2.2 % $4,453,466
 316,597
 4,770,063
 7.1 %
                
Deposits – Noninterest bearing checking 1,515,977
 64,872
 1,580,849
 4.3 % 1,515,977
 525,801
 2,041,778
 34.7 %
Deposits – Interest bearing checking 912,784
 10,201
 922,985
 1.1 % 912,784
 199,841
 1,112,625
 21.9 %
Deposits – Money market 1,173,107
 51,307
 1,224,414
 4.4 % 1,173,107
 179,946
 1,353,053
 15.3 %
Deposits – Savings 424,415
 6,962
 431,377
 1.6 % 424,415
 50,040
 474,455
 11.8 %
Deposits – Brokered 86,141
 (499) 85,642
 (0.6)% 86,141
 (22,072) 64,069
 (25.6)%
Deposits – Internet time 698
 
 698
  % 698
 
 698
  %
Deposits – Time>$100,000 563,108
 (9,686) 553,422
 (1.7)% 563,108
 (17,738) 545,370
 (3.2)%
Deposits – Time<$100,000 255,125
 (9,524) 245,601
 (3.7)% 255,125
 (16,035) 239,090
 (6.3)%
Total deposits $4,931,355
 113,633
 5,044,988
 2.3 % $4,931,355
 899,783
 5,831,138
 18.2 %
        
As derived from the table above, for the first threesix months of 2020, loan growth was $99.2$316.6 million, or 2.2% (9.0% on an annualized basis)7.1%. Loan growth for the period was primarily driven by the origination of $244.9 million in PPP loans. Loan growth for the period, excluding PPP loans, was $71.7 million, or 3.2% annualized. Loan growth was organic and driven by our continued expansion into high-growth markets, our hiring of experienced bankers and our emphasis on SBA lending. WeExclusive of PPP balances, we expect continued growth in our loan portfolio for the remainder of 2020. In April and early May 2020, however likely at lower levels than we would normally expect as a result of the Company approved approximately $249.5 million in PPP loans underimpact of the allocation approved by Congress.pandemic.
The mix of our loan portfolio remains substantially the same at March 31,June 30, 2020 compared to December 31, 2019.2019, with PPP loans increasing the percentage of commercial and industrial loans at June 30, 2020 - see note 4 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information. The majority of our real estate loans are personal and commercial loans where real estate provides additional security for the loan. Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements presents additional detailed information regarding our mix of loans.
For the threesix month period ended March 31,June 30, 2020, we experienced strong internal growth in our core deposit accounts (checking, money market and savings). In addition to deposits arising from PPP loans, this high deposit growth is believed to be due to a combination of stimulus funds and changes in customer behaviors during the pandemic, as well as our ongoing deposit growth initiatives. We routinely engage in activities designed to grow and retain deposits, such as (1) emphasizing relationship banking to new and existing customers, where borrowers are encouraged and normally expected to maintain deposit accounts with us, (2) pricing deposits at rate levels that will attract and/or retain deposits, and (3) continually working to identify and introduce new products that will attract customers or enhance our appeal as a primary provider of financial services.
Our liquidity levels have increased over the past year. Our liquid assets (cash and securities) as a percentage of our total deposits and borrowings increased from 21.4% at December 31, 2019 to 22.8%26.2% at March 31,June 30, 2020. 



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Nonperforming Assets
Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, restructured loans, loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing interest, and foreclosed real estate. Nonperforming assets are summarized as follows:


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ASSET QUALITY DATA ($ in thousands)
 As of/for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 As of/for the quarter ended December 31, 2019 As of/for the quarter ended June 30, 2020 As of/for the quarter ended December 31, 2019
Nonperforming assets        
Nonaccrual loans $25,066
 24,866
 $34,922
 24,866
Restructured loans – accruing 9,747
 9,053
 9,867
 9,053
Accruing loans >90 days past due 
 
 
 
Total nonperforming loans 34,813
 33,919
 44,789
 33,919
Foreclosed real estate 3,487
 3,873
 2,987
 3,873
Total nonperforming assets $38,300
 37,792
 $47,776
 37,792
        
Purchased credit impaired loans not included above (1) $9,839
 12,664
 $9,742
 12,664
        
Asset Quality Ratios – All Assets        
Net charge-offs to average loans - annualized 0.22% 0.09% 0.12% 0.09%
Nonperforming loans to total loans 0.76% 0.76% 0.94% 0.76%
Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.60% 0.62% 0.69% 0.62%
Allowance for loan losses to total loans 0.54% 0.48% 0.89% 0.48%
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans 70.37% 63.09% 94.54% 63.09%
(1)  In the March 3, 2017 acquisition of Carolina Bank and the October 1, 2017 acquisition of Asheville Savings Bank, we acquired $19.3 million and $9.9 million, respectively, in PCI loans in accordance with ASC 310-30 accounting guidance. These loans are excluded from the nonperforming loan amounts, including $0.7$0.8 million and $0.8 million in PCI loans at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, that were contractually past due 90 days or more.
Nonperforming assets have increased since December 31, 2019, which was primarily driven by four loans in the $2-$4 million range being placed on nonaccrual status in the second quarter of 2020 that were not directly related to the impact of the pandemic. Due to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic not occurring until late in the first quarter of 2020 and the Company's COVID-19 deferral relief program, the nonperforming asset amounts inassets at June 30, 2020 do not reflect the table above were not impacted by the pandemic, and loans for which the the Company has granted payment deferrals under the COVID-19 relief provisions previously discussed are not included in the table above or in the Company's past due amounts disclosed elsewhere in this document.likely impact from COVID-19. While there are still many uncertainties associated with the pandemic and the stimulus measures taken by the United States government to address it, higher unemployment levels and business closures would generally be expected to result in higher levels of nonperforminingnonperforming assets in the future.
We have reviewed the collateral for our nonperforming assets, including nonaccrual loans, and have included this review among the factors considered in the evaluation of the allowance for loan losses discussed below.
As noted in the table above, at March 31,At June 30, 2020, total nonaccrual loans amounted to $25.1$34.9 million, compared to $24.9 million at December 31, 2019. TheAs noted above, the increase was primarily driven by four loans. One of those four loans, with a balance of approximately $4 million, has a 75% SBA loans that were placed on nonaccrual status in 2020.guarantee.
Restructured loans (TDRs) are accruing loans for which we have granted concessions to the borrower as a result of the borrower’s financial difficulties. At March 31,June 30, 2020, total accruing TDRs amounted to $9.7$9.9 million, compared to $9.1 million at December 31, 2019. As previously discussed, COVID-19 related deferrals, which amounted to $120$774 million at March 31,June 30, 2020 are excluded from TDR consideration at March 31,June 30, 2020.
Foreclosed real estate includes primarily foreclosed properties. Total foreclosed real estate amounted to $3.5$3.0 million at March 31,June 30, 2020 and $3.9 million at December 31, 2019. Our foreclosed property balances have generally been decreasing as a result of sales activity during the periods and the improvement in ourfavorable overall asset quality.


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The following is the composition, by loan type, of all of our nonaccrual loans at each period end.
($ in thousands)At March 31, 2020 At December 31, 2019 At June 30, 2020 At December 31, 2019 
Commercial, financial, and agricultural$3,703
 5,518
 $8,239
 5,518
 
Real estate – construction, land development, and other land loans958
 1,067
 1,038
 1,067
 
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages8,581
 7,552
 7,327
 7,552
 
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans/lines of credit1,874
 1,797
 1,903
 1,797
 
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other9,837
 8,820
 16,229
 8,820
 
Consumer loans113
 112
 186
 112
 
Total nonaccrual loans$25,066
 24,866
 $34,922
 24,866
 

We believe that the fair values of the items of foreclosed real estate, less estimated costs to sell, equal or exceed their respective carrying values at the dates presented. The following table presents the detail of all of our foreclosed real estate at each period end:
($ in thousands)At March 31, 2020 At December 31, 2019 At June 30, 2020 At December 31, 2019 
Vacant land and farmland$1,707
 1,752
 $1,536
 1,752
 
1-4 family residential properties876
 974
 565
 974
 
Commercial real estate904
 1,147
 886
 1,147
 
Total foreclosed real estate$3,487
 3,873
 $2,987
 3,873
 
The following table presents geographicalgeographic information regarding our nonperforming assets at March 31,June 30, 2020.
As of March 31, 2020As of June 30, 2020
($ in thousands)
Total
Nonperforming
Loans
 Total Loans 
Nonperforming
Loans to Total
Loans
 
Total
Foreclosed
Real Estate
Total
Nonperforming
Loans
 Total Loans 
Nonperforming
Loans to Total
Loans
 
Total
Foreclosed
Real Estate
Region (1) 
  
     
  
    
Eastern Region (NC)$5,457
 1,013,000
 0.54% $517
$5,516
 1,013,830
 0.54% $517
Triangle Region (NC)7,004
 978,000
 0.72% 1,049
6,637
 990,905
 0.67% 782
Triad Region (NC)6,058
 891,000
 0.68% 229
9,520
 868,933
 1.10% 111
Charlotte Region (NC)1,750
 359,000
 0.49% 
1,854
 366,518
 0.51% 
Southern Piedmont Region (NC)3,272
 275,000
 1.19% 201
3,282
 269,430
 1.22% 200
Western Region (NC)1,039
 660,000
 0.16% 411
3,345
 641,741
 0.52% 410
South Carolina Region964
 189,000
 0.51% 459
1,318
 190,150
 0.69% 424
Former Virginia Region83
 1,000
 8.30% 351
82
 527
 15.56% 273
Other9,186
 187,000
 4.91% 270
13,235
 428,029
 3.09% 270
Total$34,813
 4,553,000
 0.76% $3,487
$44,789
 4,770,063
 0.94% $2,987
(1)The counties comprising each region are as follows:
Eastern North Carolina Region - New Hanover, Brunswick, Duplin, Dare, Beaufort, Pitt, Onslow, Carteret
Triangle North Carolina Region - Moore, Lee, Harnett, Chatham, Wake
Triad North Carolina Region - Montgomery, Randolph, Davidson, Rockingham, Guilford, Stanly, Forsyth, Alamance
Charlotte North Carolina Region - Iredell, Cabarrus, Rowan, Mecklenburg
Southern Piedmont North Carolina Region - Richmond, Scotland, Robeson, Bladen, Columbus, Cumberland
Western North Carolina Region – Buncombe, Henderson, McDowell, Madison, Transylvania
South Carolina Region - Chesterfield, Dillon, Florence
Former Virginia Region - Wythe, Washington, Montgomery, Roanoke
Other includes loans originated on a national basis through the Company’s SBA Lending Division and through the Company's Credit Card Division




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Summary ofAllowance for Loan Loss ExperienceLosses and Provision for Loan Losses
As previously noted, and as permitted by the CARES Act, we elected to defer the implementation of CECL until the earlier of the cessation of the national emergency or December 31, 2020 because of the challenges associated with


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developing a reliable forecast of losses that may result from the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, the Company's provision for loan losses for the first quartersix months of 2020 is based on the limited information available and the conditions that existed at March 31,June 30, 2020 related to COVID-19, according to the pre-CECL incurred loss methodology for determining loan losses. See further discussion below.
The allowance for loan losses is created by direct charges to operations (known as a “provision for loan losses” for the period in which the charge is taken). Losses on loans are charged against the allowance in the period in which such loans, in management’s opinion, become uncollectible. Recoveries realized during the period are credited to this allowance.
We have no foreign loans, few agricultural loans and do not engage in significant lease financing or highly leveraged transactions. Commercial loans are diversified among a variety of industries. The majority of our real estate loans are primarily personal and commercial loans where real estate provides additional security for the loan. Collateral for virtually all of these loans is located within our principal market area.
The factors that influence management’s judgment in determining the amount charged to operating expense include recent loan loss experience, composition of the loan portfolio, evaluation of probable inherent losses and current economic conditions.


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For the periods indicated, the following table summarizes our balances of loans outstanding, average loans outstanding, changes in the allowance for loan losses arising from charge-offs and recoveries, and additions to the allowance for loan losses that have been charged to expense.



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($ in thousands)
Three Months
Ended
March 31, 2020
 
Twelve Months
Ended December 31,
2019
 
Three Months
Ended
March 31, 2019
Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2020
 
Twelve Months
Ended December 31,
2019
 
Six Months
Ended
June 30, 2019
Loans outstanding at end of period$4,552,708
 4,453,466
 4,303,787
$4,770,063
 4,453,466
 4,339,467
Average amount of loans outstanding$4,512,893
 4,346,331
 4,280,272
$4,625,798
 4,346,331
 4,305,069
          
Allowance for loan losses, at beginning of year$21,398
 21,039
 21,039
$21,398
 21,039
 21,039
Provision for loan losses5,590
 2,263
 500
24,888
 2,263
 192
26,988
 23,302
 21,539
46,286
 23,302
 21,231
          
Loans charged off:          
Commercial, financial, and agricultural(2,460) (2,473) (246)(3,931) (2,473) (936)
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans(40) (553) (264)(45) (553) (293)
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages(195) (657) (30)(474) (657) (185)
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit(68) (307) (80)(381) (307) (146)
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other(263) (1,556) (836)(545) (1,556) (838)
Consumer loans(287) (757) (281)(397) (757) (436)
Total charge-offs(3,313) (6,303) (1,737)(5,773) (6,303) (2,834)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off:          
Commercial, financial, and agricultural217
 980
 414
477
 980
 605
Real estate – construction, land development & other land loans290
 1,275
 287
643
 1,275
 489
Real estate – mortgage – residential (1-4 family) first mortgages91
 705
 160
315
 705
 382
Real estate – mortgage – home equity loans / lines of credit83
 629
 128
166
 629
 455
Real estate – mortgage – commercial and other47
 575
 271
102
 575
 374
Consumer loans95
 235
 33
126
 235
 87
Total recoveries823
 4,399
 1,293
1,829
 4,399
 2,392
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(2,490) (1,904) (444)(3,944) (1,904) (442)
Allowance for loan losses, at end of period$24,498
 21,398
 21,095
$42,342
 21,398
 20,789
          
Ratios:          
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percent of average loans (annualized)0.22% 0.09% 0.04%0.17% 0.09% 0.02%
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of loans at end of period0.54% 0.48% 0.49%0.89% 0.48% 0.48%

We recorded a provision for loan losses of $5.6$19.3 million in the first three monthssecond quarter of 2020 compared to a negative provision for loan losses (reduction of $0.5the allowance for loan losses) of $0.3 million in the first three monthssecond quarter of 2019. The increase was primarily due to a provisionFor the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded related to the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, as discussed below. Our allowance for loan loss is a mathematical model with the primary factors impacting this model being loan growth, net charge-off history, and asset quality trends, as well as specific reserves we set aside on certain individual loans exhibiting signs of deterioration. Our allowance for loan loss model utilizes the net charge-offs experienced in the most recent years as a significant component of estimating the current allowanceprovisions for loan losses that is necessary. Thus, older years (and parts thereof) systematically age outof $24.9 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The increases in 2020 are excludedprimarily related to estimated probable losses arising from the analysiseconomic impact of COVID-19, as time goes on. In recent years, the new periods have had generally lower net charge-offs (and net recoveries in some periods) than the older periods rolling out of the model, and thus mostly offset upward adjustments to the allowance that would normally be required to reflect new loan growth and the net charge-offs experienced, resulting in generally lower provisions for loan losses.discussed below.

In March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic began to impact our nation. The subsequent closures of many businesses and job losses are leading to widespread negative economic impacts. The U.S. Government has taken steps to lessen the negative impacts. In determining the appropriate level of allowance for loan losses at June 30, 2020, we reviewed industry types and deferral percentages within our loan portfolio in light of the pandemic. Based on that analysis, we assigned loan loss reserves for certain of those loan types that were consistent with probable loss rates incurred in a stressed economic scenario. The Company also recorded supplemental qualitative reserves for all other loans in deferral status. As a result the analysis, approximately $16.7 million of COVID-19 related provision,qualitative reserves are included in the Company's June 30, 2020 allowance for loan loss amount of $42.3 million at June 30, 2020.

As of June 30, 2020, we reviewed current data related tohave granted approximately $774 million in loan deferrals under the CARES act provisions, as detailed below.


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negative economic impacts. We also reviewed deferrals that had been requested from borrowers and also reviewed the industries most at risk from the immediate impact of the shutdown. In this analysis, we identified approximately $553 million of loans to the following industries: hotels, restaurants, retail stores, travel accommodations, child care facilities, arts and entertainment, barber shops and beauty salons, car and boat dealers, and mini-storage facilities, as well as all credit cards. Existing risk grades were adjusted downwards for each of the loans in these industries for the purposes of this special provision and historical loss rates were applied.
COVID-19 Loan Deferral Information at June 30, 2020   
 Deferrals Total LoansPercentage Deferred
Construction Loans$38,658
648,590
6%
Farmland and Agriculture1,432
36,361
3.9%
Home equity loans2,511
318,618
0.8%
Residential first lien loans85,536
1,072,945
8%
Multifamily loans31,220
182,255
17.1%
Owner-Occupied Commercial Real Estate186,098
742,204
25.1%
Non-Owner-Occupied Commercial Real Estate369,112
999,679
36.9%
Commercial & Industrial Loans57,735
552,881
10.4%
Loans to Municipalities
147,187
%
Consumer Loans1,241
51,161
2.4%
Other Loans678
18,182
3.7%
 $774,221
4,770,063
16.2%
The ratio of our allowance to total loans was 0.54%0.89% and 0.48% at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The increase in this ratio was a result of the factors discussed above that impacted our increased level of provision for loan losses in 2020.
Our ratio of allowance to total loans is significantly impacted by the acquisitions of Carolina Bank and Asheville Savings Bank in 2017, which had over $1 billion in total loans. Applicable accounting guidance did not allow us to record an allowance for loan losses upon the acquisition of loans – instead the acquired loans were recorded at their discounted fair value, which included the consideration of any expected losses. No allowance for loan losses is recorded for the acquired loans unless the expected credit losses exceed the remaining unamortized discounts – based on an individual basis for purchased credit impaired loans and on a pooled basis for performing acquired loans. See Critical Accounting Policies above for further discussion. Unaccreted discount on acquired loans, which is available to absorb loan losses on those acquired loans, amounted to $11.5$10.6 million and $12.7 million at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.
We believe our reserve levels are adequate to cover probable loan losses on the loans outstanding as of each reporting date. It must be emphasized, however, that the determination of the reserve using our procedures and methods rests upon various judgments and assumptions about economic conditions and other factors affecting loans. No assurance can be given that we will not in any particular period sustain loan losses that are sizable in relation to the amounts reserved or that subsequent evaluations of the loan portfolio, in light of conditions and factors then prevailing, will not require significant changes in the allowance for loan losses or future charges to earnings. See “Critical Accounting Policies – Allowance for Loan Losses” above.
In addition, various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses and value of other real estate. Such agencies may require us to recognize adjustments to the allowance or the carrying value of other real estate based on their judgments about information available at the time of their examinations.
Based on the results of our loan analysis and grading program and our evaluation of the allowance for loan losses at March 31,June 30, 2020, there have been no material changes to the allocation of the allowance for loan losses among the various categories of loans since December 31, 2019.
Liquidity, Commitments, and Contingencies
Our liquidity is determined by our ability to convert assets to cash or acquire alternative sources of funds to meet the needs of our customers who are withdrawing or borrowing funds, and to maintain required reserve levels, pay expenses and operate the Company on an ongoing basis. Our primary liquidity sources are net income from operations, cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and other short-term investments. Our securities portfolio is comprised almost entirely of readily marketable securities, which could also be sold to provide cash. Thus far in the COVID-19 pandemic, we have seen our liquidity levels increase, with increases in deposits accountsaccount balances leading to higher cash levels.


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In addition to internally generated liquidity sources, we have the ability to obtain borrowings from the following three sources - 1) an approximately $1.023$1.095 billion line of credit with the FHLB (of which $348$58 million and $247 million were outstanding at March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively), 2) a $35 million federal funds line with a correspondent bank (of which none was outstanding at March 31,June 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019), and 3) an approximately $123$121 million line of credit through the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond’s discount window (of which none was outstanding at March 31,June 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019). In addition to the outstanding borrowings from the FHLB that reduce the available borrowing capacity of that line of credit, our borrowing capacity was reduced by $190 million at both March 31,June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, as a result of our pledging letters of credit for public deposits at each of those dates. Unused and available lines of credit amounted to $814 million$1.0 billion at March 31,June 30, 2020 compared to $744$775 million at December 31, 2019.


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Our overall liquidity has increased since December 31, 2019 due primarily to the strong deposit growth which has exceeded loan growth. Our liquid assets (cash and securities) as a percentage of our total deposits and borrowings increased from 21.4% at December 31, 2019 to 22.8%26.2% at March 31,June 30, 2020.
We believe our liquidity sources, including unused lines of credit, are at an acceptable level and remain adequate to meet our operating needs in the foreseeable future. We will continue to monitor our liquidity position carefully and will explore and implement strategies to increase liquidity if deemed appropriate.
The amount and timing of our contractual obligations and commercial commitments has not changed materially since December 31, 2019, detail of which is presented in Table 18 on page 66 of our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
We are not involved in any other legal proceedings that, in our opinion, could have a material effect on our consolidated financial position.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Derivative Financial Instruments
Off-balance sheet arrangements include transactions, agreements, or other contractual arrangements pursuant to which we have obligations or provide guarantees on behalf of an unconsolidated entity. We have no off-balance sheet arrangements of this kind other than letters of credit and repayment guarantees associated with our trust preferred securities.
Derivative financial instruments include futures, forwards, interest rate swaps, options contracts, and other financial instruments with similar characteristics. We have not engaged in significant derivative activities through March 31,June 30, 2020, and have no current plans to do so.
Capital Resources
The Company is regulated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”) and is subject to the securities registration and public reporting regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our banking subsidiary, First Bank, is also regulated by the FRB and the North Carolina Office of the Commissioner of Banks. We must comply with regulatory capital requirements established by the FRB. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on our financial statements. We are not aware of any recommendations of regulatory authorities or otherwise which, if they were to be implemented, would have a material effect on our liquidity, capital resources, or operations.

In May 2018, the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief and Consumer Protection Act (the “Economic Growth Act”), was enacted and which amended certain aspects of the regulatory framework for small depository institutions with assets less than $10 billion and for large banks with assets of more than $50 billion. The Economic Growth Act, among other matters, provided for an alternative capital rule for financial institutions and their holding companies with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion. The Economic Growth Act instructed the federal banking regulators to establish a single “Community Bank Leverage Ratio” of between 8% and 10%, which was proposed to be 9% by the federal regulators. The Community Bank Leverage Ratio provides for a simpler calculation of a bank’s capital ratio than the Basel III provisions that have been in place. Any qualifying depository institution or its holding company that elects to adopt the Community Bank Leverage Ratio and exceeds the ratio set by the banking regulators is considered to have met generally applicable leverage and risk-based regulatory capital requirements and any qualifying depository institution that exceeds the new ratio will be considered to be “well capitalized” under the prompt corrective action rules. March 31, 2020 was the earliest date that the Company could have elected to


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adopt the Community Bank Leverage Ratio. However, the Company did not opt-in to that alternative framework and instead continues to use the Basel III standards.
Under Basel III standards and capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, we must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of our assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Our capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.
The capital standards require us to maintain minimum ratios of “Common Equity Tier 1” capital to total risk-weighted assets, “Tier 1” capital to total risk-weighted assets, and total capital to risk-weighted assets of 4.50%, 6.00% and


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8.00%, respectively. Common Equity Tier 1 capital is comprised of common stock and related surplus, plus retained earnings, and is reduced by goodwill and other intangible assets, net of associated deferred tax liabilities. Tier 1 capital is comprised of Common Equity Tier 1 capital plus Additional Tier 1 Capital, which for the Company includes non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock and trust preferred securities. Total capital is comprised of Tier 1 capital plus certain adjustments, the largest of which is our allowance for loan losses. Risk-weighted assets refer to our on- and off-balance sheet exposures, adjusted for their related risk levels using formulas set forth in FRB and FDIC regulations.
The capital conservation buffer requirement began to be phased in on January 1, 2016, at 0.625% of risk weighted assets, and increased each year until fully implemented at 2.5% on January 1, 2019.
In addition to the risk-based capital requirements described above, we are subject to a leverage capital requirement, which calls for a minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital (as defined above) to quarterly average total assets of 3.00% to 5.00%, depending upon the institution’s composite ratings as determined by its regulators. The FRB has not advised us of any requirement specifically applicable to us.
At March 31,June 30, 2020, our capital ratios exceeded the regulatory minimum ratios discussed above. The following table presents our capital ratios and the regulatory minimums discussed above for the periods indicated.

March 31, 2020 
December 31,
2019
 June 30, 2020 
December 31,
2019
 
Risk-based capital ratios: 
  
  
  
 
Common equity Tier 1 to Tier 1 risk weighted assets12.86% 13.28% 13.10% 13.28% 
Minimum required Common equity Tier 1 capital7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 7.00% 
        
Tier I capital to Tier 1 risk weighted assets13.98% 14.41% 14.21% 14.41% 
Minimum required Tier 1 capital8.50% 8.50% 8.50% 8.50% 
        
Total risk-based capital to Tier II risk weighted assets14.51% 14.89% 15.13% 14.89% 
Minimum required total risk-based capital10.50% 10.50% 10.50% 10.50% 
        
Leverage capital ratios: 
  
  
  
 
Tier 1 capital to quarterly average total assets11.05% 11.19% 10.29% 11.19% 
Minimum required Tier 1 leverage capital4.00% 4.00% 4.00% 4.00% 
First Bank is also subject to capital requirements that do not vary materially from the Company’s capital ratios presented above. At March 31,June 30, 2020, First Bank significantly exceeded the minimum ratios established by the regulatory authorities. The decrease90 basis point reduction in capital ratios from December 31, 2019 to March 31, 2020our leverage ratio reflected in the table below was primarily due to the Company's stock repurchases of approximately $20 million during 2020 and strongsignificant balance sheet growth.growth experienced in 2020, resulting primarily from a strong increase in deposits.
BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT AND OTHER SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
The following is a list of business development and other miscellaneous matters affecting First Bancorpthe Company and First Bank, our bank subsidiary.
On March 13,July 1, 2020, the Company reported that Forbes had recognized First Bank as one of America's best banks in its 2020 Best-in-State Banks list for the second year in a row. This year, First Bank was ranked the number one bank in North Carolina, based on an independent survey of more than 25,000 U.S. consumers regarding their overall satisfaction in five service areas.


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On June 12, 2020, the Company announced a quarterly cash dividend of $0.18 per share payable on AprilJuly 24, 2020 to shareholders of record on March 31,June 30, 2020. This dividend rate represents a 50% increase over the dividend rate declared in the firstsecond quarter of 2019.
SHARE REPURCHASES
WeFor the three months ended June 30, 2020, we repurchased 576,406104,289 shares of our common stock during the first three months of 2020 at an average price of $34.70$23.32 per share, which totaled $20.0$2.4 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, we repurchased 680,695 shares of our common stock at an average price of $32.96 per share, which totaled $22.4 million. At March 31,June 30, 2020, we had authority from our Board of Directors to repurchase up to an additional $20$17.6 million in shares of the Company’s common stock. We suspended share repurchases in March 2020 for the foreseeable future in response to the potential impact of COVID-19. We may repurchase shares of our stock in open market and privately negotiated transactions, as market conditions and our liquidity warrants, subject to compliance with applicable regulations. See also Part II, Item 2 “Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.”


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Item 3 – Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
INTEREST RATE RISK (INCLUDING QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK)
Net interest income is our most significant component of earnings. Notwithstanding changes in volumes of loans and deposits, our level of net interest income is continually at risk due to the effect that changes in general market interest rate trends have on interest yields earned and paid with respect to our various categories of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. It is our policy to maintain portfolios of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities with maturities and repricing opportunities that will afford protection, to the extent practical, against wide interest rate fluctuations. Our exposure to interest rate risk is analyzed on a regular basis by management using standard GAP reports, maturity reports, and an asset/liability software model that simulates future levels of interest income and expense based on current interest rates, expected future interest rates, and various intervals of “shock” interest rates. Over the years, we have been able to maintain a fairly consistent yield on average earning assets (and net interest margin). Over the past five calendar years, our net interest margin has ranged from a low of 4.00% (realized in 2019) to a high of 4.13% (realized in 2015). As discussed below, we experienced a significant decline in our net interest margin in the second quarter of 2020. The historical consistency of the net interest margin is aided by the relatively low level of long-term interest rate exposure that we maintain. At March 31,June 30, 2020, approximately 72% of our interest-earning assets were subject to repricing within five years (because they are either adjustable rate assets or they are fixed rate assets that mature) and substantially all of our interest-bearing liabilities reprice within five years.
Using stated maturities for all fixed rate instruments except mortgage-backed securities (which are allocated in the periods of their expected payback) and securities and borrowings with call features that are expected to be called (which are shown in the period of their expected call), at March 31,June 30, 2020, we had $1.8$1.6 billion more in interest-bearing liabilities that are subject to interest rate changes within one year than earning assets. This generally would indicate that net interest income would experience downward pressure in a rising interest rate environment and would benefit from a declining interest rate environment. However, this method of analyzing interest sensitivity only measures the magnitude of the timing differences and does not address earnings, market value, or management actions. Also, interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in market interest rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in market rates. In addition to the effects of “when” various rate-sensitive products reprice, market rate changes may not result in uniform changes in rates among all products. For example, included in interest-bearing liabilities subject to interest rate changes within one year at March 31,June 30, 2020 are deposits totaling $2.6$2.9 billion comprised of checking, savings, and certain types of money market deposits with interest rates set by management. These types of deposits historically have not repriced with, or in the same proportion, as general market indicators.
Overall, we believe that in the near term (twelve months), net interest income will not likely experience significant downward pressure from rising interest rates. Similarly, we would not expect a significant increase in near term net interest income from falling interest rates. Generally, when rates change, our interest-sensitive assets that are subject to adjustment reprice immediately at the full amount of the change, while our interest-sensitive liabilities that are subject to adjustment reprice at a lag to the rate change and typically not to the full extent of the rate change. In the short-term (less than twelve months), this generally results in us being asset-sensitive, meaning that our net interest income benefits from an increase in interest rates and is negatively impacted by a decrease in interest rates.rates, which is what we experienced following the March 2020 interest rate cuts. However, in the twelve-month and


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longer horizon, the impact of having a higher level of interest-sensitive liabilities generally lessens the short-term effects of changes in interest rates.
The general discussion in the foregoing paragraph applies most directly in a “normal” interest rate environment in which longer-term maturity instruments carry higher interest rates than short-term maturity instruments, and is less applicable in periods in which there is a “flat” interest rate curve. A “flat yield curve” means that short-term interest rates are substantially the same as long-term interest rates. Due to actions taken by the Federal Reserve related to short-term interest rates and the impact of the global economy on longer-term interest rates, we are currently in a very low and flat interest rate curve environment. A flat interest rate curve is an unfavorable interest rate environment for many banks, including the Bank, as short-term interest rates generally drive our deposit pricing and longer-term interest rates generally drive loan pricing. When these rates converge, the profit spread we realize between loan yields and deposit rates narrows, which pressures our net interest margin.
While there have been periods in the last few years that the yield curve has steepened slightly, it currently remains flat, with some points of inversion along the curve from time to time.very flat. This flat/invertedflat yield curve and the intense competition for high-quality loans in our market areas have limited our ability to charge higherresulted in lower interest rates on loans, and thus we continue to experience challenges in increasing our loan yields and net interest margin.


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loans.

In an effort to address concerns about the national and global economy the Federal Reserve cut interest rates by 75 basis points in the second half of 2019. And in March 2020, the Federal Reserve cut interest rates by an additional 150 basis points in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our interest-bearing cash balances and most of our variable rate loans, which comprise approximately one-third of our loan portfolio, generally reset to lower rates soon after interest rate cuts. As the March 2020 interest rate cuts occurred late in the quarter, the 2019 interest rate cuts were primarily responsible for the yields of our interest-earning assets declining by 20 basis points in comparing the first quarter of 2020 to the first quarter of 2019. We expect asset yields to again decline in the second quarter of 2020 due to the full-quarter impact of the March 2020 interest rate cuts. We reduced our offering rates on most deposit products insince March 2020 and our borrowing costs arehave also trendingbeen lowered by lower due torates and repaying a significant portion of our outstanding borrowings. Overall however, the interest rate cuts. However,cuts negatively impacted our earnings, with loan yields declining from 4.93% in the first quarter of 2020 to 4.41% in the second quarter of 2020, a decline of 52 basis points, while the cost of interest-bearing liability only declined by 26 basis points, from 0.78% in the first quarter of 2020 to 0.52% in the second quarter of 2020. The larger decline in loan yields, as well as the high level of cash balances we believe that our lower funding costs will only partially offsetheld during the declines we expectquarter arising from the strong deposit growth, resulted in asset yields. Accordingly, we expect thata decline in our net interest margin will decline moderatelyfor the second quarter of 2020 to 3.49% compared to 3.94% in the remainderfirst quarter of 2020. While the effects of the March 2020 interest rate cuts fully impacted our second quarter net interest margin, we expect continued pressure on our net interest margin (excluding the impact of PPP - see below) as a result of pricing pressures on maturing loans and investments. However we expect any downward pressure on the net interest margin will be less than that experienced in the second quarter of 2020.

In April and early May 2020, we approved approximately $249.5$245 million in PPP loans. These loans all have an interest rate of 1.00%. In addition to the interest rate, the SBA is compensatingcompensated us with an origination fee for each loan of between 1% to 5% of the loan amount, depending on the size of each loan. The Company expects to receiveWe received approximately $10.6 million in these fees related to the PPPthese loans, that have been approved, which will bewere netted against the cost to originate each loan of approximately $0.5 million and willare initially bebeing amortized over the two year maturities of the loans.loans using the effective interest method of recognition. Early repayments, including the loan forgiveness provisions contained in the PPP, will result in accelerated amortization. In the second quarter of 2020, we amortized $1.3 million of the PPP loan fees. Remaining deferred fees at June 30, 2020 amounted to $8.8 million. Because of the uncertainties associated with the timing of PPP repayments, the anticipated impact of these loans has not been incorporated into the discussion above.
As previously discussed in the section “Net Interest Income,” our net interest income has been impacted by certain purchase accounting adjustments related to the acquired banks. The purchase accounting adjustments related to the premium amortization on loans, deposits and borrowings are based on amortization schedules and are thus systematic and predictable. The accretion of the loan discount on acquired loans amounted to $1.2$1.4 million and $1.1$1.7 million for the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $3.1 million and $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, is less predictable and could be materially different among periods. This is because of the magnitude of the discounts that are initially recorded and the fact that the accretion being recorded is dependent on both the credit quality of the acquired loans and the impact of any accelerated loan repayments, including payoffs. If the credit quality of the loans declines, some, or all, of the remaining discount will cease to be accreted into income. If the underlying loans experience accelerated paydowns or improved performance expectations, the remaining discount will be accreted into income on an accelerated basis. In the event of total payoff, the remaining discount will be entirely accreted into income in the period of the payoff. Each of these factors is difficult to predict and susceptible to volatility. The remaining loan discount on acquired loans amounted to $10.3$10.6 million at March 31,June 30, 2020 compared to $12.7 million at December 31, 2019.


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We have no market risk sensitive instruments held for trading purposes, nor do we maintain any foreign currency positions.
See additional discussion regarding net interest income, as well as discussion of the changes in the annual net interest margin in the section entitled “Net Interest Income” above.
Item 4 – Controls and Procedures
As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, which are our controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports with the SEC is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the required time periods.  Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed is communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  Based on the evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective in allowing timely decisions regarding disclosure to be made about material information required to be included in our periodic reports with the SEC. In addition, no change in our internal control over financial reporting has occurred during, or subsequent to, the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



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Part II. Other Information
Item 1 – Legal Proceedings
Various legal proceedings may arise in the ordinary course of business and may be pending or threatened against the Company and its subsidiaries. Neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries is involved in any pending legal proceedings that management believes are material to the Company or its consolidated financial position.  If an exposure were to be identified, it is the Company’s policy to establish and accrue appropriate reserves during the accounting period in which a loss is deemed to be probable and the amount is determinable.
Item 1A – Risk Factors
Investing in shares of our common stock involves certain risks, including those identified and described in Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as well as cautionary statements contained in this Form 10-Q, including those under the caption “Forward-Looking Statements” set forth in the forepart of this Form 10-Q, risks and matters described elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and in our other filings with the SEC. There are no material changes from the risk factors set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, except as described below.

Changes in business and economic conditions, in particular those of North Carolina and South Carolina, are expected to lead to lower revenue, lower asset quality, and lower earnings.

Our business and earnings are closely tied to the economies of North Carolina and South Carolina. These local economies rely significantly on tourism, real estate, construction, government, and other service-based industries. Less tourism, real or threatened acts of war or terrorism, increases in energy costs, natural disasters and adverse weather, public health issues including the spread of the COVID-19 virus, and Federal, State of North Carolina, State of South Carolina, and local government budget issues may impact consumer and corporate spending.

Recent deterioration of economic conditions, locally, nationally, or globally could adversely affect the quality of our assets, credit losses, and the demand for our products and services, which could lead to lower revenues and lower earnings. Housing prices and unemployment rates are some of the metrics that we continually monitor. We also monitor the value of collateral, such as real estate, that secures the loans we have made. The borrowing power of our customers could also be negatively impacted by a decline in the value of collateral.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the local economies in the communities we serve and our business, and the extent and severity of the impact on our business and our financial results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.



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The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the local, national, and global economy, disrupted global supply chains, lowered equity market valuations, created significant volatility and disruption in financial markets, and increased unemployment levels. The duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects cannot be determined with certainty, but the effects could be present for an extended period of time.

The majority of state and local jurisdictions have imposed, and others in the future may impose, variations of “shelter-in-place” orders, quarantines, executive orders and similar government orders and restrictions for their residents to control the spread of COVID-19. In late March and early April 2020, the governorsGovernors of North Carolina and South Carolina, respectively, signed stay-at-home orders with only certain exceptions for essential activities and prohibited gatherings of more than 10 people. Theses orders have had a negative impact on our local and national economies and are expected to continue to negatively impact these economies and our financial results. On May 1, 2020, the Governor of South Carolina ended the state's stay-at-home order effective May 4, 2020, but provided restrictions on the operating activities of certain businesses. In light of the spread of COVID-19 in May and June, the Governor of South Carolina increased various restrictions again on July 11, 2020. The State of North Carolina’s stay-at-home order was set to expire on April 30, 2020. The Governor of North Carolina extended the stay-at-home order through May 8, 2020. On May 5,22, 2020, the Governor of North Carolina extendedexecuted the stay-at-home"safer-at-home" order, through May 22, 2020, butwhich increased the number of reasons people are allowed to leave and allows most retail businesses that can comply with specific requirements to open at 50 percent capacity. North Carolina is still under the "safer-at-home" order until at least August 7, 2020.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the institution of social distancing and sheltering in placesheltering-in-place requirements resulted in temporary closures of many businesses. As a result, the demand for our products and services may be significantly impacted. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic couldhas influenced and may continue to influence the recognition of credit losses in our loan


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portfolios and increase our allowance for credit losses, particularly as some businesses remain closed and as more customers are expected to draw on their lines of credit or seek additional loans to help finance their businesses. Our operations may also be disrupted if significant portions of our workforce are unable to work effectively, including due to illness, quarantines, government actions, or other restrictions in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we have suspended residential property foreclosure sales and are offering fee waivers, payment deferrals or forbearances, and other expanded assistance for mortgages and home equity loans and lines, commercial, small business and personal lending customers. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business, results of operations, and financial condition, as well as our regulatory capital and liquidity ratios, will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period 
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased (2)
 
Average Price
Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs (1)
 
Maximum Number of
Shares (or Approximate Dollar Value) that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs (1)
 
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased (2)
 
Average Price
Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs (1)
 
Maximum Number of
Shares (or Approximate Dollar Value) that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the
Plans or Programs (1)
January 1, 2020 to January 31, 2020 109,000
 $35.98
 109,000
 $36,077,714
February 1, 2020 to February 29, 2020 339,758
 36.11
 339,758
 $23,807,579
March 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020 127,648
 29.83
 127,648
 $20,000,000
April 1, 2020 to April 30, 2020 
 $
 
 $20,000,000
May 1, 2020 to May 31, 2020 
 
 
 $20,000,000
June 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020 104,289
 23.32
 104,289
 $17,567,520
Total 576,406
 34.70
 576,406
 $20,000,000
 104,289
 23.32
 104,289
 $17,567,520
Footnotes to the Above Table
(1)All shares available for repurchase are pursuant to publicly announced share repurchase authorizations. As of March 31,June 30, 2020, the Company had the remaining authorization to repurchase up to $20$17.6 million of the Company's stock, which was authorized and announced on November 19, 2019. The repurchase authorization has an expiration date of December 31, 2020. Given the COVID-19 outbreak and its effects on the markets, share repurchases have been suspended.


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(2)The table above does not include shares that were used by option holders to satisfy the exercise price of the options issued by the Company to its employees and directors pursuant to the Company’s stock option plans. There were no such transactions during the three months ended March 31,June 30, 2020.



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Item 6 - Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed with this report or, as noted, are incorporated by reference. Except as noted below the exhibits identified have Securities and Exchange Commission File No. 000-15572. Management contracts, compensatory plans and arrangements are marked with an asterisk (*).
2.a
  
2.b
  
2.c
  
2.d
  
3.a
Articles of Incorporation of the Company and amendments thereto were filed as Exhibits 3.a.i through 3.a.v to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2002, and are incorporated herein by reference. Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation were filed as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 13, 2009, and are incorporated herein by reference. Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation were filed as Exhibit 3.1.b to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3D filed on June 29, 2010 (Commission File No. 333-167856), and are incorporated herein by reference. Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation were filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 6, 2011, and are incorporated herein by reference. Articles of Amendment to the Articles of Incorporation were filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’sCompany��s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 26, 2012, and are incorporated herein by reference.
  
3.b
  
4.a
  
31.1
  
31.2
  
32.1
  
32.2
  
101
The following financial information from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31,June 30, 2020, formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Copies of exhibits are available upon written request to: First Bancorp, Elizabeth B. Bostian, Secretary, 300 SW Broad Street, Southern Pines, North Carolina, 28387


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 FIRST BANCORP
  
May 8,August 10, 2020BY:/s/  Richard H. Moore
 
Richard H. Moore
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer),
and Director
  
  
May 8,August 10, 2020BY:/s/  Eric P. Credle
 
Eric P. Credle
Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer


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