UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
_____________________________________  
(Mark One)
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021
OR
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to             
Commission file number 000-15867
_____________________________________ 
cdns-20210703_g1.jpg
CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
_____________________________________ 
Delaware00-0000000
(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)
2655 Seely Avenue, Building 5,San Jose, CaliforniaCalifornia95134
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(408) 943-1234
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code
_____________________________________ 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per shareCDNSNasdaq Global Select Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerAccelerated FilerxAccelerated filerFileroSmaller reporting companyReporting Companyo
Non-accelerated filerFilero(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Emerging growthGrowth companyo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x
On September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, approximately 282,360,000276,780,000 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, were outstanding.





CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
INDEX
Page
PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page
PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
PART II.OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.




















PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1. Financial Statements
CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
As of
July 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$847,160 $928,432 
Receivables, net389,986 338,487 
Inventories90,479 75,956 
Prepaid expenses and other129,442 135,712 
Total current assets1,457,067 1,478,587 
Property, plant and equipment, net301,979 311,125 
Goodwill929,525 782,087 
Acquired intangibles, net264,789 210,590 
Deferred taxes729,790 732,290 
Other assets439,398 436,106 
Total assets$4,122,548 $3,950,785 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities$340,607 $349,951 
Current portion of deferred revenue586,109 446,857 
Total current liabilities926,716 796,808 
Long-term liabilities:
Long-term portion of deferred revenue98,408 107,064 
Long-term debt347,186 346,793 
Other long-term liabilities233,495 207,102 
Total long-term liabilities679,089 660,959 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)00
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock and capital in excess of par value2,354,801 2,217,939 
Treasury stock, at cost(2,509,668)(2,057,829)
Retained earnings2,693,402 2,350,333 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(21,792)(17,425)
Total stockholders’ equity2,516,743 2,493,018 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$4,122,548 $3,950,785 

 As of
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
ASSETS
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$678,284
 $465,232
Short-term investments4,135
 3,057
Receivables, net170,312
 157,171
Inventories36,000
 39,475
Prepaid expenses and other42,374
 37,099
Total current assets931,105
 702,034
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $648,298 and $612,961, respectively244,620
 238,607
Goodwill574,912
 572,764
Acquired intangibles, net of accumulated amortization of $283,632 and $267,723, respectively216,177
 258,814
Long-term receivables11,590
 12,949
Other assets326,823
 311,740
Total assets$2,305,227
 $2,096,908
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:   
Revolving credit facility$
 $50,000
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities199,672
 239,496
Current portion of deferred revenue320,462
 296,066
Total current liabilities520,134
 585,562
Long-term liabilities:   
Long-term portion of deferred revenue57,865
 66,769
Long-term debt644,146
 643,493
Other long-term liabilities72,342
 59,314
Total long-term liabilities774,353
 769,576
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)

 

Stockholders’ equity:   
Common stock and capital in excess of par value1,807,839
 1,820,081
Treasury stock, at cost(1,142,524) (1,190,053)
Retained earnings355,445
 136,902
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(10,020) (25,160)
Total stockholders’ equity1,010,740
 741,770
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$2,305,227
 $2,096,908






See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.




CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Revenue:
Product and maintenance$687,884 $601,356 $1,386,938 $1,183,055 
Services40,401 37,062 77,375 73,320 
Total revenue728,285 638,418 1,464,313 1,256,375 
Costs and expenses:
Cost of product and maintenance55,842 55,669 120,748 111,115 
Cost of services20,917 19,546 39,978 38,563 
Marketing and sales135,967 120,476 268,793 246,220 
Research and development285,227 250,821 556,219 492,489 
General and administrative40,333 35,641 80,285 69,233 
Amortization of acquired intangibles5,030 4,590 9,661 8,796 
Restructuring and other credits(469)(275)(746)(1,342)
Total costs and expenses542,847 486,468 1,074,938 965,074 
Income from operations185,438 151,950 389,375 291,301 
Interest expense(4,316)(5,914)(8,533)(10,551)
Other income, net2,143 4,630 4,844 96 
Income before provision for income taxes183,265 150,666 385,686 280,846 
Provision for income taxes27,365 19,378 42,617 25,570 
Net income$155,900 $131,288 $343,069 $255,276 
Net income per share – basic$0.57 $0.48 $1.25 $0.93 
Net income per share – diluted$0.56 $0.47 $1.23 $0.91 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic273,565 273,432 273,843 273,488 
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted278,558 279,080 279,399 279,207 

 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
Revenue:       
Product and maintenance$451,229
 $415,370
 $1,346,483
 $1,247,077
Services34,169
 30,850
 94,827
 100,026
Total revenue485,398
 446,220
 1,441,310
 1,347,103
Costs and expenses:       
Cost of product and maintenance34,825
 38,740
 117,371
 125,881
Cost of services19,657
 17,867
 59,735
 54,563
Marketing and sales104,263
 96,793
 311,507
 297,103
Research and development206,568
 191,547
 600,755
 553,824
General and administrative36,302
 30,441
 100,892
 95,129
Amortization of acquired intangibles3,453
 3,889
 11,145
 14,206
Restructuring and other charges (credits)(55) 101
 (2,772) 14,613
Total costs and expenses405,013
 379,378
 1,198,633
 1,155,319
Income from operations80,385
 66,842
 242,677
 191,784
Interest expense(6,225) (6,053) (18,952) (17,306)
Other income, net12,387
 2,836
 14,370
 10,441
Income before provision (benefit) for income taxes86,547
 63,625
 238,095
 184,919
Provision (benefit) for income taxes5,390
 (1,087) 19,552
 20,310
Net income$81,157
 $64,712
 $218,543
 $164,609
Net income per share - basic$0.30
 $0.23
 0.80
 0.57
Net income per share - diluted$0.29
 $0.23
 0.78
 0.56
Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic273,156
 280,622
 271,739
 288,476
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted281,400
 287,473
 279,554
 295,369




















See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.




CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Net income$155,900 $131,288 $343,069 $255,276 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax effects:
Foreign currency translation adjustments5,788 1,108 (4,136)(8,510)
Changes in defined benefit plan liabilities(543)450 (231)419 
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax effects5,245 1,558 (4,367)(8,091)
Comprehensive income$161,145 $132,846 $338,702 $247,185 

 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
Net income$81,157
 $64,712
 $218,543
 $164,609
Other comprehensive income, net of tax effects:       
Foreign currency translation adjustments3,549
 951
 13,803
 2,858
Changes in unrealized holding gains or losses on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment for realized gains and losses1,000
 122
 1,248
 682
Changes in defined benefit plan liabilities19
 (238) 89
 (265)
Total other comprehensive income, net of tax effects4,568
 835
 15,140
 3,275
Comprehensive income$85,725
 $65,547
 $233,683
 $167,884









































































See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.




CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended July 3, 2021
Common Stock
Par ValueAccumulated
and CapitalOther
in ExcessTreasuryRetainedComprehensive
Sharesof ParStockEarningsLossTotal
Balance, April 3, 2021278,265 $2,307,965 $(2,275,998)$2,537,502 $(27,037)$2,542,432 
Net income— — — 155,900 — $155,900 
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes— — — — 5,245 $5,245 
Purchase of treasury stock(1,720)— (220,023)— — $(220,023)
Issuance of common stock and reissuance of treasury stock under equity incentive plans, net of forfeitures367 791 3,548 — — $4,339 
Stock received for payment of employee taxes on vesting of restricted stock(132)(4,473)(17,195)— — $(21,668)
Stock-based compensation expense— 50,518 — — — $50,518 
Balance, July 3, 2021276,780 $2,354,801 $(2,509,668)$2,693,402 $(21,792)$2,516,743 
Three Months Ended June 27, 2020
Common Stock
Par ValueAccumulated
and CapitalOther
in ExcessTreasuryRetainedComprehensive
Sharesof ParStockEarningsLossTotal
Balance, March 28, 2020279,187 $2,099,425 $(1,778,533)$1,883,677 $(46,575)$2,157,994 
Net income— — — 131,288 — $131,288 
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes— — — — 1,558 $1,558 
Purchase of treasury stock(920)— (75,014)— — $(75,014)
Issuance of common stock and reissuance of treasury stock under equity incentive plans, net of forfeitures673 (119)10,146 — — $10,027 
Stock received for payment of employee taxes on vesting of restricted stock(146)(3,197)(12,932)— — $(16,129)
Stock-based compensation expense— 46,907 — — — $46,907 
Balance, June 27, 2020278,794 $2,143,016 $(1,856,333)$2,014,965 $(45,017)$2,256,631 



Six Months Ended July 3, 2021
Common Stock
Par ValueAccumulated
and CapitalOther
in ExcessTreasuryRetainedComprehensive
Sharesof ParStockEarningsLossTotal
Balance, January 2, 2021278,941 $2,217,939 $(2,057,829)$2,350,333 $(17,425)$2,493,018 
Net income— — — 343,069 — $343,069 
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes— — — — (4,367)$(4,367)
Purchase of treasury stock(3,043)— (392,290)— — $(392,290)
Issuance of common stock and reissuance of treasury stock under equity incentive plans, net of forfeitures1,391 42,917 9,335 — — $52,252 
Stock received for payment of employee taxes on vesting of restricted stock(509)(9,169)(68,884)— — $(78,053)
Stock-based compensation expense— 103,114 — — — $103,114 
Balance, July 3, 2021276,780 $2,354,801 $(2,509,668)$2,693,402 $(21,792)$2,516,743 
Six Months Ended June 27, 2020
Common Stock
Par ValueAccumulated
and CapitalOther
in ExcessTreasuryRetainedComprehensive
Sharesof ParStockEarningsLossTotal
Balance, December 28, 2019279,855 $2,046,237 $(1,668,105)$1,761,688 $(36,926)$2,102,894 
Cumulative effect adjustment— — — (1,999)— $(1,999)
Net income— — — 255,276 — $255,276 
Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes— — — — (8,091)$(8,091)
Purchase of treasury stock(2,408)— (175,036)— — $(175,036)
Issuance of common stock and reissuance of treasury stock under equity incentive plans, net of forfeitures1,957 10,758 33,097 — — $43,855 
Stock received for payment of employee taxes on vesting of restricted stock(610)(7,368)(46,289)— — $(53,657)
Stock-based compensation expense— 93,389 — — — $93,389 
Balance, June 27, 2020278,794 $2,143,016 $(1,856,333)$2,014,965 $(45,017)$2,256,631 











See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.



CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 Six Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$928,432 $705,210 
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income343,069 255,276 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization71,799 69,902 
Amortization of debt discount and fees687 512 
Stock-based compensation103,114 93,389 
(Gain) loss on investments, net(795)4,036 
Deferred income taxes1,710 (1,609)
Provisions for losses on receivables242 922 
ROU asset amortization and change in operating lease liabilities(2,483)1,502 
Other non-cash items183 296 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquired businesses:
Receivables(48,016)(2,497)
Inventories(14,527)11,020 
Prepaid expenses and other7,690 9,910 
Other assets6,991 (17,687)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(14,771)(11,141)
Deferred revenue127,286 148,508 
Other long-term liabilities6,639 504 
Net cash provided by operating activities588,818 562,843 
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment(31,139)(43,535)
Cash paid in business combinations, net of cash acquired(220,660)(195,118)
Net cash used for investing activities(251,799)(238,653)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from revolving credit facility350,000 
Payment of debt issuance costs(1,285)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock52,252 43,667 
Stock received for payment of employee taxes on vesting of restricted stock(78,053)(53,657)
Payments for repurchases of common stock(392,290)(175,036)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities(419,376)164,974 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents1,085 (5,188)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(81,272)483,976 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$847,160 $1,189,186 
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest$7,920 $10,076 
Cash paid for taxes, net28,619 20,897 

 Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$465,232
 $616,686
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income218,543
 164,609
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization86,605
 89,726
Amortization of debt discount and fees920
 792
Stock-based compensation94,008
 79,986
Gain on investments, net(12,502) (4,070)
Gain on sale of property, plant and equipment
 (482)
Deferred income taxes212
 8,657
Other non-cash items3,763
 1,869
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquired businesses:   
Receivables(8,040) 2,873
Inventories2,282
 (16,339)
Prepaid expenses and other(4,627) (12,135)
Other assets(14,469) (3,822)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(41,127) (46,585)
Deferred revenue14,245
 (10,823)
Other long-term liabilities4,071
 (6,239)
Net cash provided by operating activities343,884
 248,017
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
 (20,525)
Proceeds from the sale of available-for-sale securities421
 55,418
Proceeds from the maturity of available-for-sale securities
 52,362
Proceeds from the sale of long-term investments9,108
 2,913
Proceeds from the sale of property, plant and equipment
 482
Purchases of property, plant and equipment(39,676) (42,452)
Cash paid in business combinations and asset acquisitions, net of cash acquired(550) (41,627)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities(30,697) 6,571
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Proceeds from term loan
 300,000
Proceeds from revolving credit facility50,000
 50,000
Payment on revolving credit facility(100,000) 
Payment of debt issuance costs(793) (622)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock45,419
 50,293
Stock received for payment of employee taxes on vesting of restricted stock(54,130) (35,532)
Payments for repurchases of common stock(50,013) (720,196)
Net cash used for financing activities(109,517) (356,057)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents9,382
 9,116
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents213,052
 (92,353)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$678,284
 $524,333
    
Supplemental cash flow information:   
Cash paid for interest$14,188
 $11,238
Cash paid for taxes, net$40,021
 $27,332












See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.




CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q have been prepared by Cadence Design Systems, Inc., or Cadence, (“Cadence”) without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or the SEC.(the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles or (“U.S. GAAP,GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, Cadence believes that the disclosures contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q comply with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act,(the “Exchange Act”) for a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These condensed consolidated financial statements are meant to be, and should be, read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the Notes thereto included in Cadence’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.January 2, 2021.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect all adjustments (which include only normal, recurring adjustments and those items discussed in these Notes) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to state fairly the results of operations, cash flows and financial position for the periods and dates presented. The results for such periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year. Certain prior period balances have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Management has evaluated subsequent events through the issuance date of the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Use of Estimates
Preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.
Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there has been uncertainty and disruption in the global economy and financial markets. Cadence is not aware of any specific event or circumstance that would require an update to its estimates or judgments or a revision of the carrying value of its assets or liabilities as of July 26, 2021, the date of issuance of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These estimates may change, as new events occur and additional information is obtained. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
Accounting for Income Taxes
In December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update 2019-12, “Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes,” which simplifies the accounting for income taxes, eliminates certain exceptions within Accounting Standards Codification 740, Income Taxes, and clarifies certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistency among reporting entities. Cadence adopted the new standard on January 3, 2021, the first day of fiscal 2021. The adoption of this standard did not impact Cadence’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended July 3, 2021.
NOTE 2. DEBT
Cadence’s outstanding debt as of September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and December 31, 2016January 2, 2021 was as follows:
 July 3, 2021January 2, 2021
 (In thousands)
PrincipalUnamortized DiscountCarrying ValuePrincipalUnamortized DiscountCarrying Value
Revolving Credit Facility$$— $$$— $
2024 Notes350,000 (2,814)347,186 350,000 (3,207)346,793 
Total outstanding debt$350,000 $(2,814)$347,186 $350,000 $(3,207)$346,793 
6

 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 (In thousands)
 Principal Unamortized Discount Carrying Value Principal Unamortized Discount Carrying Value
Revolving Credit Facility$
 $
 $
 $50,000
 $
 $50,000
2019 Term Loan300,000
 (278) 299,722
 300,000
 (434) 299,566
2024 Notes350,000
 (5,576) 344,424
 350,000
 (6,073) 343,927
Total outstanding debt$650,000
 $(5,854) $644,146
 $700,000
 $(6,507) $693,493

Revolving Credit Facility
OnIn June 2021, Cadence terminated its existing revolving credit facility, dated January 30, 2017, Cadenceand entered into a five-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of lenders led by JPMorgan Chase Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent which replaced Cadence’s existing revolving credit facility.(the “2021 Credit Facility”). The credit facility2021 Credit Facility provides for borrowings up to $350.0$700.0 million, with the right to request increased capacity up to an additional $250.0$350.0 million upon the receipt of lender commitments, for total maximum borrowings of $600.0 million.$1.05 billion. The credit facility2021 Credit Facility expires on January 28, 2022 and has no subsidiary guarantors.June 30, 2026. Any outstanding loans drawn under thesuch credit facility are due at maturity on January 28, 2022.June 30, 2026, subject to an option to extend the maturity date. Outstanding borrowings may be paidrepaid at any time prior to maturity. Debt issuance costs of $1.3 million were recorded to other assets in Cadence’s condensed consolidated balance sheet at the inception of the agreement and are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2021 Credit Facility.
Interest accrues on borrowings under the credit facility2021 Credit Facility at a rate equal to, at Cadence’s option, either (1) LIBOR plus a margin between 1.25%0.750% and 1.875%1.250% per annum, determined by reference to the credit rating of Cadence’s unsecured debt, or at(2) the base rate plus a margin between 0.25%0.000% and 0.875%0.250% per annum.annum, determined by reference to the credit rating of Cadence’s unsecured debt. Interest is payable quarterly. A commitment fee ranging from 0.15%0.070% to 0.30%0.175% is assessed on the daily average undrawn portion of revolving commitments.

The 2021 Credit Facility also includes provisions addressing the potential transition from LIBOR to a new replacement benchmark.
The credit facility2021 Credit Facility contains customary negative covenants that, among other things, restrict Cadence’s ability to incur additional indebtedness and grant liens, make certain investments (including acquisitions), dispose of certain assets and make certain payments, including share repurchases and dividends.liens. In addition, the credit facility2021 Credit Facility contains financial covenants that require Cadence to maintain a funded debt to EBITDA ratio not greater than 3.003.25 to 1, with a step up to 3.503.75 to 1 for one year following an acquisition by Cadence of at least $250.0 million that results in a pro forma leverage ratio between 2.753.00 to 1 and 3.253.50 to 1. As of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, Cadence was in compliance with all financial covenants associated with the revolving credit facility.
2019 Term Loan
In January 2016, Cadence entered into a $300.0 million three-year senior unsecured non-amortizing term loan facility due on January 28, 2019, or the 2019 Term Loan, with a group of lenders led by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent. On January 30, 2017, Cadence amended the agreement for its 2019 Term Loan. The amendment modified the 2019 Term Loan covenants to make them consistent with the covenants in the revolving credit facility. The other material terms of the 2019 Term Loan remain unchanged.
Amounts outstanding under the 2019 Term Loan initially accrue interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus a margin of 1.125% per annum, which may increase to a rate equal to LIBOR plus a margin of up to 1.875% per annum, depending on Cadence’s leverage ratio. As of September 30, 2017, the interest rate on Cadence’s 2019 Term Loan was 2.57%.
The 2019 Term Loan contains customary negative covenants that, among other things, restrict Cadence’s ability to incur additional indebtedness, grant liens, make certain investments (including acquisitions), dispose of certain assets and make certain payments, including share repurchases and dividends. In addition, the term loan agreement contains certain financial covenants that require Cadence to maintain a funded debt to EBITDA ratio not greater than 3.00 to 1, with a step-up to 3.50 to 1 for one year following an acquisition by Cadence of at least $250.0 million that results in a pro forma leverage ratio between 2.75 to 1 and 3.25 to 1. As of September 30, 2017, Cadence was in compliance with all financial covenants associated with the 2019 Term Loan.2021 Credit Facility.
2024 Notes
In October 2014, Cadence issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375% Senior Notes due October 15, 2024 or the 2024 Notes.(the “2024 Notes”). Cadence received net proceeds of $342.4 million from the issuance of the 2024 Notes, net of a discount of $1.4 million and issuance costs of $6.2 million. Both the discount and issuance costs are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the 2024 Notes using the effective interest method. Interest is payable in cash semi-annually in April and October. The 2024 Notes are unsecured and rank equal in right of payment to all of Cadence’s existing and future senior indebtedness. The fair value of the 2024 Notes was approximately $385.2 million as of July 3, 2021.
Cadence may redeem the 2024 Notes, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (a) 100% of the principal amount of the notes to be redeemed and (b) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, as more particularly described in the indenture governing the 2024 Notes.
The indenture governing the 2024 Notes includes customary representations, warranties and restrictive covenants, including, but not limited to, restrictions on Cadence’s ability to grant liens on assets, enter into sale and lease-back transactions, or merge, consolidate or sell assets, and also includes customary events of default. As of September 30, 2017, Cadence was in compliance with all financial covenants associated with the 2024 Notes.

NOTE 3. CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND INVESTMENTS
Cadence’s cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments at fair value as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows:
 As of
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 (In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$678,284
 $465,232
Short-term investments4,135
 3,057
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments$682,419
 $468,289

Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cadence considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less on the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. The amortized cost of Cadence’s cash equivalents approximates fair value. The following table summarizes Cadence’s cash and cash equivalents at fair value as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
 As of
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 (In thousands)
Cash and interest bearing deposits$188,797
 $227,508
Money market funds489,487
 237,724
Total cash and cash equivalents$678,284
 $465,232
Short-Term Investments
The following tables summarize Cadence’s short-term investments as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
 As of September 30, 2017
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 (In thousands)
Marketable equity securities$1,961
 $2,174
 $
 $4,135
 As of December 31, 2016
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 (In thousands)
Marketable equity securities$2,131
 $926
 $
 $3,057
Realized gains and losses from the sale of marketable equity securities are recorded in other income, net in the condensed consolidated income statements.
Non-Marketable Investments
Cadence’s non-marketable investments generally consist of voting preferred stock, convertible debt or other instruments of privately-held entities and are included in other assets on Cadence’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. Cadence’s non-marketable investments had a carrying value of $3.2 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Cadence records realized gains and losses from the sale of non-marketable investments and write-downs related to cost method investments due to other-than-temporary declines in value in the condensed consolidated income statements as other income, net. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, Cadence recognized a gain of $9.1 million from the sale of one of its non-marketable investments.


NOTE 4.3. RECEIVABLES, NET
Cadence’s current and long-term receivables balances as of September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and December 31, 2016January 2, 2021 were as follows:
 As of
 July 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
 (In thousands)
Accounts receivable$250,812 $196,990 
Unbilled accounts receivable142,846 144,364 
Long-term receivables4,879 3,655 
Total receivables398,537 345,009 
Less allowance for doubtful accounts(3,672)(2,867)
Total receivables, net$394,865 $342,142 
 As of
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 (In thousands)
Accounts receivable$95,274
 $85,554
Unbilled accounts receivable75,038
 71,617
Long-term receivables11,590
 12,949
Total receivables181,902
 170,120
Less allowance for doubtful accounts
 
Total receivables, net$181,902
 $170,120
Cadence’s customers are primarily concentrated within the semiconductor and electronics systems industries. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, no oneJuly 3, 2021, 1 customer accounted for 11% of Cadence’s total receivables. As of January 2, 2021, 0 customer accounted for 10% or more of Cadence’s total receivables.

7


NOTE 4. REVENUE
Cadence groups its products into five categories related to major design activities. The following table shows the percentage of product and related maintenance revenue contributed by each of Cadence’s five product categories and services for the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020:
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Custom Integrated Circuit (“IC”) Design and Simulation23 %24 %23 %25 %
Digital IC Design and Signoff28 %28 %28 %28 %
Functional Verification, including Emulation and Prototyping Hardware*25 %24 %26 %23 %
Intellectual Property (“IP”)13 %14 %13 %14 %
System Design and Analysis11 %10 %10 %10 %
Total100 %100 %100 %100 %
_____________
* Includes immaterial amount of revenue accounted for under leasing arrangements.
Cadence generates revenue from contracts with customers and applies judgment in identifying and evaluating any terms and conditions in contracts which may impact revenue recognition. Certain of Cadence’s licensing arrangements allow customers the ability to remix among software products. Cadence also has arrangements with customers that include a combination of products, with the actual product selection and number of licensed users to be determined at a later date. For these arrangements, Cadence estimates the allocation of the revenue to product categories based upon the expected usage of products. Revenue by product category fluctuates from period to period based on demand for products and services, and Cadence’s available resources to deliver them.
Significant Judgments
Cadence’s contracts with customers often include promises to transfer to a customer multiple software and/or IP licenses and services, including professional services, technical support services, and rights to unspecified updates. Determining whether licenses and services are distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately, or not distinct and thus accounted for together, requires significant judgment. In some arrangements, such as most of Cadence’s IP license arrangements, Cadence has concluded that the licenses and associated services are distinct from each other. In others, like Cadence’s time-based software arrangements, the licenses and certain services are not distinct from each other. Cadence’s time-based software arrangements include multiple software licenses and updates to the licensed software products, as well as technical support, and Cadence has concluded that these promised goods and services are a single, combined performance obligation.
The accounting for contracts with multiple performance obligations requires the contract’s transaction price to be allocated to each distinct performance obligation based on relative standalone selling price (“SSP”). Judgment is required to determine the SSP for each distinct performance obligation because Cadence rarely licenses or sells products on a standalone basis. In instances where the SSP is not directly observable because Cadence does not sell the license, product or service separately, Cadence determines the SSP using information that maximizes the use of observable inputs and may include market conditions. Cadence typically has more than one SSP for individual performance obligations due to the stratification of those items by classes of customers and circumstances. In these instances, Cadence may use information such as the size of the customer and geographic region of the customer in determining the SSP.
Revenue is recognized over time for Cadence’s combined performance obligations that include software licenses, updates, technical support and maintenance that are separate performance obligations with the same term. For Cadence’s professional services, revenue is recognized over time, generally using costs incurred or hours expended to measure progress. Judgment is required in estimating project status and the costs necessary to complete projects. A number of internal and external factors can affect these estimates, including labor rates, utilization and efficiency variances and specification and testing requirement changes. For Cadence’s other performance obligations recognized over time, revenue is generally recognized using a time-based measure of progress reflecting generally consistent efforts to satisfy those performance obligations throughout the arrangement term.
If a group of agreements are so closely related that they are, in effect, part of a single arrangement, such agreements are deemed to be one arrangement for revenue recognition purposes. Cadence exercises significant judgment to evaluate the relevant facts and circumstances in determining whether the separate agreements should be accounted for separately or as, in substance, a single arrangement. Cadence’s judgments about whether a group of contracts comprise a single arrangement can affect the allocation of consideration to the distinct performance obligations, which could have an effect on results of operations for the periods involved.
8


Cadence is required to estimate the total consideration expected to be received from contracts with customers. In limited circumstances, the consideration expected to be received is variable based on the specific terms of the contract or based on Cadence’s expectations of the term of the contract. Generally, Cadence has not experienced significant returns or refunds to customers. These estimates require significant judgment and the change in these estimates could have an effect on its results of operations during the periods involved.
Contract Balances
The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers, and these timing differences result in receivables, contract assets, or contract liabilities (deferred revenue) on Cadence’s condensed consolidated balance sheets. For certain software, hardware and IP agreements with payment plans, Cadence records an unbilled receivable related to revenue recognized upon transfer of control because it has an unconditional right to invoice and receive payment in the future related to those transferred products or services. Cadence records a contract asset when revenue is recognized prior to invoicing and Cadence does not have the unconditional right to invoice or retains performance risk with respect to that performance obligation. Cadence records deferred revenue when revenue is recognized subsequent to invoicing. For Cadence’s time-based software agreements, customers are generally invoiced in equal, quarterly amounts, although some customers prefer to be invoiced in single or annual amounts.
The contract assets indicated below are included in prepaid expenses and other in the condensed consolidated balance sheet and primarily relate to Cadence’s rights to consideration for work completed but not billed as of the balance sheet date on services and customized IP contracts. The contract assets are transferred to receivables when the rights become unconditional, usually upon completion of a milestone.
Cadence’s contract balances as of July 3, 2021 and January 2, 2021 were as follows:
 As of
 July 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
 (In thousands)
Contract assets$6,057 $9,709 
Deferred revenue684,517 553,921 
Cadence recognized revenue of $103.4 million and $330.0 million during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, and $88.1 million and $241.6 million during the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, respectively, that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of each fiscal year. All other activity in deferred revenue is due to the timing of invoices in relation to the timing of revenue as described above.
Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement of payment within 30 to 60 days. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, Cadence has determined that its contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing Cadence’s products and services, and not to facilitate financing arrangements.
Some customers enter into a non-cancellable IP Access Agreement (“IPAA”) whereby the customer commits to a fixed dollar amount over a specified period of time that can be used to purchase from a list of IP products or services. These arrangements do not meet the definition of a revenue contract until the customer executes a separate selection form to identify the products and services that they are purchasing. Each separate selection form under the IPAA is treated as an individual contract and accounted for based on the respective performance obligations.
Remaining Performance Obligations
Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents the transaction price allocated to the performance obligations that are unsatisfied, or partially unsatisfied, which includes unearned revenue and amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Cadence has elected to exclude the potential future royalty receipts from the remaining performance obligations. Contracted but unsatisfied performance obligations were approximately $3.9 billion as of July 3, 2021, which included $110.0 million of non-cancellable IPAA commitments from customers where actual product selection and quantities of specific products or services are to be determined by customers at a later date. As of July 3, 2021, Cadence expected to recognize approximately 55% of the contracted but unsatisfied performance obligations, excluding non-cancellable IPAA commitments, as revenue over the next 12 months and the remainder thereafter.
Cadence recognized revenue of $11.5 million and $21.7 million during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, and $11.3 million and $20.8 million during the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, respectively, from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods. These amounts represent royalties earned during the period and exclude contracts with nonrefundable prepaid royalties. Nonrefundable prepaid royalties are recognized upon delivery of the IP because Cadence’s right to the consideration is not contingent upon customers’ future shipments.
9


NOTE 5. ACQUISITIONS
On February 23, 2021, Cadence acquired all of the outstanding equity of Belgium-based Numerical Mechanics Applications International SA (“NUMECA”). The addition of NUMECA’s technologies and talent supports Cadence’s Intelligent System Design™ strategy, servicing the computational fluid dynamics (“CFD”) market segment as part of System Design and Analysis. The aggregate cash consideration for Cadence’s acquisition of NUMECA, net of cash acquired of $9.5 million, was $189.3 million. Cadence expects to recognize expense for consideration paid to certain former NUMECA shareholders that is subject to service and other conditions, through the first quarter of fiscal 2023.
The total purchase consideration was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective estimated fair values on the acquisition dates as follows:
Acquisition Date Fair Value
(In thousands)
Current assets$16,423 
Goodwill133,326 
Acquired intangibles72,200 
Other long-term assets6,928 
Total assets acquired228,877 
Current liabilities9,951 
Long-term liabilities20,091 
Total liabilities assumed30,042 
Total purchase consideration$198,835 
The allocation of purchase consideration to certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed from NUMECA has not been finalized. Cadence will continue to evaluate certain estimates and assumptions, primarily related to taxes and assumed liabilities, during the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The recorded goodwill is attributed to intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition, including the acquired assembled workforce and expected synergies from combining operations of NUMECA with Cadence. Cadence has not completed its assessment to determine whether the goodwill will be deductible for tax purposes.
On April 14, 2021, Cadence acquired all of the outstanding equity of Pointwise, Inc. (“Pointwise”), a leader in mesh generation for CFD for cash consideration of approximately $31.4 million, net of cash acquired. The addition of Pointwise’s technologies and experienced team supports Cadence’s Intelligent System Design™ strategy and further broadens its System Design and Analysis portfolio, complementing its acquisition of NUMECA. The total purchase consideration was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective estimated fair values on the acquisition dates. Cadence recorded $16.7 million of definite-lived intangible assets and $16.7 million of goodwill with its acquisition of Pointwise. All of the goodwill related to Cadence’s acquisition of Pointwise will be deductible for tax purposes.
Definite-lived intangible assets acquired with Cadence’s fiscal 2021 acquisitions were as follows:
Acquisition Date Fair ValueWeighted-Average Amortization Period
(In thousands) (in years)
Existing technology$55,400 14.2 years
Agreements and relationships28,900 13.7 years
Tradenames, trademarks and patents4,600 14.3 years
Total acquired intangibles with definite lives$88,900 14.1 years
Cadence has not presented pro forma financial information for its fiscal 2021 acquisitions because the results of operations for the acquired businesses are not material to Cadence’s condensed consolidated financial statements. During the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, and the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, transaction costs associated with acquisitions were not material and were expensed as incurred.
10


NOTE 5.6. GOODWILL AND ACQUIRED INTANGIBLES
Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 were as follows:
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 (In thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2016$572,764
Effect of foreign currency translation2,148
Balance as of September 30, 2017$574,912
Gross Carrying
Amount
(In thousands)
Balance as of January 2, 2021$782,087 
Goodwill resulting from acquisitions150,021 
Effect of foreign currency translation(2,583)
Balance as of July 3, 2021$929,525 
Acquired Intangibles, Net
Acquired intangibles as of September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 were as follows, excluding intangibles that were fully amortized as of January 2, 2021:
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Acquired
Intangibles, Net
 (In thousands)
Existing technology$402,440 $(231,006)$171,434 
Agreements and relationships205,928 (120,674)85,254 
Tradenames, trademarks and patents10,830 (2,729)8,101 
Total acquired intangibles$619,198 $(354,409)$264,789 
Acquired intangibles as of January 2, 2021 were as follows, excluding intangibles that were fully amortized as of December 31, 2016:28, 2019:
Gross Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Acquired
Intangibles, Net
 (In thousands)
Existing technology$370,838 $(230,654)$140,184 
Agreements and relationships180,023 (113,629)66,394 
Tradenames, trademarks and patents10,590 (6,578)4,012 
Total acquired intangibles with definite lives$561,451 $(350,861)$210,590 
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Acquired
Intangibles, Net
 (In thousands)
Existing technology$340,772
 $(189,572) $151,200
Agreements and relationships150,018
 (87,154) 62,864
Tradenames, trademarks and patents9,019
 (6,906) 2,113
Total acquired intangibles$499,809
 $(283,632) $216,177
Acquired intangibles as of December 31, 2016 were as follows, excluding intangibles that were fully amortized as of January 2, 2016:
 
Gross Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Acquired
Intangibles, Net
 (In thousands)
Existing technology$342,108
 $(160,178) $181,930
Agreements and relationships174,623
 (100,778) 73,845
Tradenames, trademarks and patents9,806
 (6,767) 3,039
Total acquired intangibles$526,537
 $(267,723) $258,814

Amortization expense from existing technology and maintenance agreements is included in cost of product and maintenance. Amortization of acquired intangiblesexpense for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016June 27, 2020 by condensed consolidated income statement caption was as follows:
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
 (In thousands)
Cost of product and maintenance$12,232 $11,484 $24,000 $22,344 
Amortization of acquired intangibles5,030 4,590 9,661 8,796 
Total amortization of acquired intangibles$17,262 $16,074 $33,661 $31,140 
11


 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In thousands)
Cost of product and maintenance$10,165
 $10,593
 $31,611
 $31,802
Amortization of acquired intangibles3,453
 3,889
 11,145
 14,206
Total amortization of acquired intangibles$13,618
 $14,482
 $42,756
 $46,008
EstimatedAs of July 3, 2021, the estimated amortization expense for acquired intangible assets with definite lives was as follows for the following five fiscal years and thereafter is as follows:thereafter:
 (In thousands)
2021 - remaining period$33,316 
202249,716 
202334,186 
202432,723 
202522,204 
Thereafter92,644 
Total estimated amortization expense$264,789 

 (In thousands)
2017 – remaining period$13,619
201852,193
201945,183
202039,975
202135,484
Thereafter29,723
Total estimated amortization expense$216,177

NOTE 6. STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
In January 2017, Cadence’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of shares of Cadence’s common stock with a value of up to $525.0 million in the aggregate. The actual timing and amount of repurchases are subject to business and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, acquisition opportunities and other factors. As of September 30, 2017, $475.0 million remained available to repurchase shares of our common stock under the current authorization.
The shares repurchased under Cadence’s repurchase authorizations and the total cost of repurchased shares, including commissions, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016 were as follows:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In thousands)
Shares repurchased1,331
 9,596
 1,331
 31,177
Total cost of repurchased shares$50,013
 $240,096
 $50,013
 $720,196


NOTE 7. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
Stock-based compensation expense is reflected in Cadence’s condensed consolidated income statements for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016June 27, 2020 as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
(In thousands)
Cost of product and maintenance$909 $683 $1,716 $1,374 
Cost of services992 869 2,019 1,749 
Marketing and sales10,294 10,116 21,500 20,127 
Research and development31,286 29,690 64,144 59,036 
General and administrative7,037 5,549 13,735 11,103 
Total stock-based compensation expense$50,518 $46,907 $103,114 $93,389 
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In thousands)
Cost of product and maintenance$612
 $550
 $1,632
 $1,461
Cost of services895
 807
 2,373
 2,141
Marketing and sales7,422
 6,040
 19,667
 16,881
Research and development21,792
 18,002
 55,288
 46,376
General and administrative5,369
 4,599
 15,048
 13,127
Total stock-based compensation expense$36,090
 $29,998
 $94,008
 $79,986
Cadence had total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock option and restricted stock grants of $277.5$283.2 million as of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, which will be recognized over the remaining vesting period. The remaining weighted-average vesting period of unvested awards is 2.32.1 years.

NOTE 8. STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM
In July 2020, Cadence’s Board of Directors authorized $750 million for the repurchase of shares of Cadence common stock. The actual timing and amount of repurchases are subject to business and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, stock price, acquisition opportunities and other factors. As of July 3, 2021, approximately $346 million remained available to repurchase shares of Cadence common stock.
The shares repurchased under Cadence’s repurchase authorizations and the total cost of repurchased shares, including commissions, during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020 were as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
(In thousands)
Shares repurchased1,720 920 3,043 2,408 
Total cost of repurchased shares$220,023 $75,014 $392,290 $175,036 

12


NOTE 9. RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER CHARGESTERMINATION BENEFITS
Restructuring
Cadence has initiated various restructuring plans most recently in fiscal 2016, in an effort to better align its resources with its business strategy. TheseThe charges associated with these restructuring plans have primarily been comprised of severance payments and termination benefits related to headcount reductions estimated lease losses related to facilities vacated under the restructuring plans and charges related to assets abandoned as part of theimpacted facilities and are included in restructuring plans. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, Cadence revised certain estimates made in connection with its 2016 restructuring plans and recorded credits of approximately $2.8 million. As of September 30, 2017, total liabilities related to the 2016 restructuring plans were $3.6 million. Cadence expects to make cash payments for severance and related benefits for the 2016 restructuring plans through the first quarter of fiscal 2019.other charges on Cadence’s condensed consolidated income statements.
The following table presents activity relating tofor Cadence’s restructuring plans during the ninesix months ended September 30, 2017:July 3, 2021:
 
Severance
and
Benefits
 
Excess
Facilities
 Total
 (In thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016$24,402
 $58
 $24,460
Restructuring and other charges (credits):     
2016 Restructuring Plans(2,905) 79
 (2,826)
Prior restructuring plans2
 52
 54
Cash payments(18,111) (162) (18,273)
Effect of foreign currency translation242
 (3) 239
Balance, September 30, 2017$3,630
 $24
 $3,654
Severance
and
Benefits

Facilities
Total
(In thousands)
Balance, January 2, 2021$7,321 $1,372 $8,693 
Restructuring and other credits(1,135)389 (746)
Cash payments(5,340)(1,314)(6,654)
Effect of foreign currency translation(67)(1)(68)
Balance, July 3, 2021$779 $446 $1,225 
The remaining liability for Cadence’s restructuring plans is recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as follows:
As of
July 3, 2021
(In thousands)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities$1,207 
Other long-term liabilities18 
Total restructuring liabilities$1,225 
 As of
 September 30, 2017
 (In thousands)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities$3,457
Other long-term liabilities197
Total liabilities$3,654
All liabilities for severance and related benefits under Cadence’s restructuring plans are included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities on Cadence’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of July 3, 2021. Restructuring liabilities included in other long-term liabilities represent liabilities from impacted facilities, and Cadence expects to make cash payments to settle these liabilities through fiscal 2022.

Other Termination Benefits
NOTE 9. NET INCOME PER SHARE
Basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income duringDuring the period by the weighted average numbersecond quarter of shares of common stock outstanding during that period, less unvested restricted stock awards. Diluted net income per share is impacted by equity instruments consideredfiscal 2021, Cadence offered a voluntary retirement program to be potential common shares, if dilutive, computed using the treasury stock method of accounting.
The calculations for basic and diluted net income per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016 are as follows:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income$81,157
 $64,712
 $218,543
 $164,609
Weighted average common shares used to calculate basic net income per share273,156
 280,622
 271,739
 288,476
Stock-based awards8,244
 6,851
 7,815
 6,893
Weighted average common shares used to calculate diluted net income per share281,400
 287,473
 279,554
 295,369
Net income per share - basic$0.30
 $0.23
 $0.80
 $0.57
Net income per share - diluted$0.29
 $0.23
 $0.78
 $0.56
The following table presents shares of Cadence’s common stock outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016 that were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share because the effect of including these shareseligible employees in the computationUnited States. This program resulted in a one-time charge of diluted net income per share would have been anti-dilutive:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In thousands)
Long-term performance-based stock awards100
 1,250
 186
 1,008
Options to purchase shares of common stock
 160
 404
 729
Non-vested shares of restricted stock12
 7
 62
 36
Total potential common shares excluded112
 1,417
 652
 1,773

NOTE 10. FAIR VALUE
Inputs to valuation techniques$26.8 million for voluntary termination and post-employment benefits. These charges are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect Cadence’s market assumptions. These two typesincluded in each category of inputs have created the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;
Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active,costs and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and
Level 3 – Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

This hierarchy requires Cadence to minimize the use of unobservable inputs and to use observable market data, if available, when determining fair value. Cadence recognizes transfers between levels of the hierarchy based on the fair values of the respective financial instruments at the end of the reporting period in which the transfer occurred. There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
On a quarterly basis, Cadence measures at fair value certain financial assets and liabilities. The fair value of financial assets and liabilities was determined using the following levels of inputs as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
 Fair Value Measurements as of September 30, 2017
  Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
 (In thousands)
Assets 
Cash equivalents:       
Money market funds$489,487
 $489,487
 $
 $
Short-term investments:
      
Marketable equity securities4,135
 4,135
 
 
Trading securities held in Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation, or NQDC, trust29,498
 29,498
 
 
Total Assets$523,120
 $523,120
 $
 $
        
  Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
 (In thousands)
Liabilities 
Foreign currency exchange contracts$1,971
 $
 $1,971
 $
        
        
 Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2016
  Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
 (In thousands)
Assets 
Cash equivalents:

      
Money market funds$237,724
 $237,724
 $
 $
Short-term investments:       
Marketable equity securities3,057
 3,057
 
 
Trading securities held in NQDC trust26,622
 26,622
 
 
Total Assets$267,403
 $267,403
 $
 $
        
  Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
 (In thousands)
Liabilities 
Foreign currency exchange contracts$2,653
 $
 $2,653
 $


NOTE 11. CONTINGENCIES
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, Cadence is involved in various disputes and litigation that arise in the ordinary course of business. These include disputes and lawsuits related to intellectual property, indemnification obligations, mergers and acquisitions, licensing, contracts, distribution arrangements and employee relations matters. At least quarterly, Cadence reviews the status of each significant matter and assesses its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount or the range of loss can be estimated, Cadence accrues a liability for the estimated loss. Legal proceedings are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict. Because of such uncertainties, accruals are basedexpenses on Cadence’s judgments using the best information available at the time.condensed consolidated income statements. As additional information becomes available, Cadence reassesses the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation matters and may revise estimates.
Other Contingencies
Cadence provides its customers with a warranty on sales of hardware products, generally for a 90-day period. Cadence did not incur any significant costs related to warranty obligations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016.
Cadence’s product license and services agreements typically include a limited indemnification provision for claims from third parties relating to Cadence’s intellectual property. If the potential loss from any indemnification claim is considered probable and the amount or the range of loss can be estimated, Cadence accrues a liability for the estimated loss. The indemnification is generally limited to the amount paid by the customer. Cadence did not incur any significant losses from indemnification claims during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016.
Non-Income Based Taxes
Cadence undergoes examination from time to time by U.S. and foreign authorities for non-income based taxes, such as payroll, sales, use, value-added, net worth or franchise, property, goods and services, consumption, import, stamp and excise taxes. Cadence is under examination by tax authorities in certain jurisdictions. If the potential loss from the examinations is considered probable and the amount or the range of loss can be estimated, Cadence accrues a liability for the estimated expense. Tax examinations and the related appeals processes are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict.  Because of such uncertainties, accruals are based on Cadence’s judgments using the best information available at the time. As additional information becomes available, Cadence reassesses the potential lossesJuly 3, 2021, liabilities related to the non-income based taxesvoluntary retirement program were $26.6 million and may revise estimates.

NOTE 12. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Cadence’s other comprehensive loss is comprised of foreign currency translation losses, changeswere included in defined benefit planaccounts payable and accrued liabilities and changes in unrealized holding gains and lossesother long-term liabilities on available-for-sale securities net of reclassifications for realized gains and losses, as presented in Cadence’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Accumulated other comprehensive loss was comprised ofbalance sheet. Cadence expects to make cash payments to settle these liabilities through fiscal 2023, including $22.3 million that is expected to be paid within the following as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016:next twelve months.
13
 As of
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 (In thousands)
Foreign currency translation loss$(8,567) $(22,370)
Changes in defined benefit plan liabilities(3,627) (3,716)
Unrealized holding gains on available-for-sale securities2,174
 926
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss$(10,020) $(25,160)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016 there were no significant amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income.



NOTE 13. SEGMENT REPORTING10. NET INCOME PER SHARE
SegmentBasic net income per share is computed by dividing net income during the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during that period, less unvested restricted stock awards. Diluted net income per share is impacted by equity instruments considered to be potential common shares, if dilutive, computed using the treasury stock method of accounting.
The calculations for basic and diluted net income per share for the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020 are as follows:
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
 (In thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income$155,900 $131,288 $343,069 $255,276 
Weighted average common shares used to calculate basic net income per share273,565 273,432 273,843 273,488 
Stock-based awards4,993 5,648 5,556 5,719 
Weighted average common shares used to calculate diluted net income per share278,558 279,080 279,399 279,207 
Net income per share - basic$0.57 $0.48 $1.25 $0.93 
Net income per share - diluted$0.56 $0.47 $1.23 $0.91 
The following table presents shares of Cadence’s common stock outstanding for the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020 that were excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share because the effect of including these shares in the computation of diluted net income per share would have been anti-dilutive:
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
 (In thousands)
Long-term market-based awards40 713 
Options to purchase shares of common stock331 506 235 376 
Non-vested shares of restricted stock75 67 102 
Total potential common shares excluded406 550 302 1,191 

NOTE 11. FAIR VALUE
Inputs to valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect Cadence’s market assumptions. These two types of inputs have created the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;
Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and
Level 3 – Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.
This hierarchy requires Cadence to minimize the use of unobservable inputs and to use observable market data, if available, when determining fair value. Cadence recognizes transfers between levels of the hierarchy based on the fair values of the respective financial instruments at the end of the reporting period in which the transfer occurred. There were no transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy during the six months ended July 3, 2021.
14


On a quarterly basis, Cadence measures at fair value certain financial assets and liabilities. The fair value of financial assets and liabilities was determined using the following levels of inputs as of July 3, 2021 and January 2, 2021:
 Fair Value Measurements as of July 3, 2021
  TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (In thousands)
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds$396,096 $396,096 $$
Marketable equity securities5,576 5,576 
Securities held in Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation (“NQDC”) trust48,341 48,341 
Total Assets$450,013 $450,013 $$
  TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (In thousands)
Liabilities
Foreign currency exchange contracts$7,099 $$7,099 $
Total Liabilities$7,099 $$7,099 $
 Fair Value Measurements as of January 2, 2021
  TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (In thousands)
Assets
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds$541,386 $541,386 $$
Marketable equity securities4,452 4,452 
Securities held in NQDC trust42,769 42,769 
Foreign currency exchange contracts8,868 8,868 
Total Assets$597,475 $588,607 $8,868 $
As of January 2, 2021, Cadence did not have any financial liabilities requiring a recurring fair value measurement.
Level 1 Measurements
Cadence’s cash equivalents held in money market funds, marketable equity securities and the trading securities held in Cadence’s NQDC trust are measured at fair value using level 1 inputs.
Level 2 Measurements
The valuation techniques used to determine the fair value of Cadence’s foreign currency forward exchange contracts and 2024 Notes are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. For additional information relating to Cadence’s debt arrangements, see Note 2 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
Level 3 Measurements
Cadence acquired intangible assets of $88.9 million with its acquisition of NUMECA and Pointwise during the first half of fiscal 2021. The fair value of the definite-lived intangible assets acquired with these acquisitions was determined using variations of the income approach and level 3 inputs.
For acquired existing technology, the fair value was determined by applying the relief-from-royalty method. This method is based on the “management approach,” followingapplication of a royalty rate to forecasted revenue to quantify the benefit of owning the intangible asset rather than paying a royalty for use of the asset. To estimate royalty savings over time, Cadence projected revenue from the acquired existing technology over the estimated remaining life of the technology, including the effect of assumed technological obsolescence, before applying an assumed royalty rate. For NUMECA, Cadence assumed technological obsolescence at a rate of 6.7% annually, before applying an assumed royalty rate of 22%. For Pointwise, Cadence assumed technological obsolescence at a rate of 10.0% annually, before applying an assumed royalty rate of 25%.
15


The fair value for acquired agreements and relationships was determined by using the multi-period excess earnings method. This method reflects the present value of the projected cash flows that management organizesare expected to be generated from existing customers, less charges representing the company’s reportable segmentscontribution of other assets to those cash flows. Projected income from existing customer relationships considered a customer retention rate of 95% for which separateboth NUMECA and Pointwise. The present value of operating cash flows from existing customers was determined using discount rates ranging from 10.5% to 12.0%.
Cadence believes that its estimates and assumptions related to the fair value of its acquired intangible assets are reasonable, but significant judgment is involved.
NOTE 12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, Cadence is involved in various disputes and litigation that arise in the ordinary course of business. These include disputes and lawsuits related to intellectual property, indemnification obligations, mergers and acquisitions, licensing, contracts, distribution arrangements and employee relations matters. At least quarterly, Cadence reviews the status of each significant matter and assesses its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount or the range of loss can be estimated, Cadence accrues a liability for the estimated loss. Legal proceedings are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict. Because of such uncertainties, accruals are based on Cadence’s judgments using the best information available at the time. As additional information becomes available, Cadence reassesses the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation matters and may revise estimates.
Other Contingencies
Cadence provides its customers with a warranty on sales of hardware products, generally for a 90-day period. Cadence did not incur any significant costs related to warranty obligations during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020.
Cadence’s product license and services agreements typically include a limited indemnification provision for claims from third parties relating to Cadence’s intellectual property. If the potential loss from any indemnification claim is made availableconsidered probable and the amount or the range of loss can be estimated, Cadence accrues a liability for the estimated loss. The indemnification is generally limited to and evaluated regularlythe amount paid by the chief operating decision maker in allocating resources and in assessing performance. Cadence’s chief operating decision maker is its President and CEO, who reviews Cadence’s consolidated results as one operating segment. In making operating decisions,customer. Cadence did not incur any significant losses from indemnification claims during the CEO primarily considers consolidated financial information, accompanied by disaggregated information about revenues by geographic region.
Outside the United States, Cadence markets and supports its products and services primarily through its subsidiaries. Revenue is attributed to geography based upon the country in which the product is used or services are delivered. Long-lived assets are attributed to geography based on the country where the assets are located.
The following table presents a summary of revenue by geography for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016:June 27, 2020.
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In thousands)
Americas:       
United States$208,348
 $197,715
 $620,525
 $614,153
Other Americas7,938
 6,924
 25,749
 23,361
Total Americas216,286
 204,639
 646,274
 637,514
Asia131,890
 120,206
 385,708
 330,417
Europe, Middle East and Africa94,681
 83,124
 284,415
 257,308
Japan42,541
 38,251
 124,913
 121,864
Total$485,398
 $446,220
 $1,441,310
 $1,347,103
NOTE 13. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
TheCadence’s accumulated other comprehensive loss is comprised of the aggregate impact of foreign currency translation gains and losses and changes in defined benefit plan liabilities and is presented in Cadence’s condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Accumulated other comprehensive loss was comprised of the following table presents a summary of long-lived assets by geography as of September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and December 31, 2016:January 2, 2021:
As of
July 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
 (In thousands)
Foreign currency translation loss$(15,266)$(11,130)
Changes in defined benefit plan liabilities(6,526)(6,295)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss$(21,792)$(17,425)
For the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020 there were no significant amounts related to foreign currency translation loss or changes in defined benefit plan liabilities reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income.
 As of
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 (In thousands)
Americas:   
United States$194,245
 $193,750
Other Americas641
 757
Total Americas194,886
 194,507
Asia34,925
 30,564
Europe, Middle East and Africa14,106
 12,692
Japan703
 844
Total$244,620
 $238,607



NOTE 14. SEGMENT REPORTING
Segment reporting is based on the “management approach,” following the method that management organizes the company’s reportable segments for which separate financial information is made available to, and evaluated regularly by, the chief operating decision maker in allocating resources and in assessing performance. Cadence’s chief operating decision maker is its CEO, who reviews Cadence’s consolidated results as one operating segment. In making operating decisions, the CEO primarily considers consolidated financial information, accompanied by disaggregated information about revenues by geographic region.
Outside the United States, Cadence markets and supports its products and services primarily through its subsidiaries. Revenue is attributed to geography based upon the country in which the product is used, or services are delivered. Long-lived assets are attributed to geography based on the country where the assets are located.
16


The following table presents a summary of revenue by geography for the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020:
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
 (In thousands)
Americas:
United States$313,138 $267,000 $639,462 $525,489 
Other Americas10,190 10,120 19,866 18,957 
Total Americas323,328 277,120 659,328 544,446 
Asia:
China99,591 77,232 189,032 161,031 
Other Asia134,389 121,276 268,237 230,875 
Total Asia233,980 198,508 457,269 391,906 
Europe, Middle East and Africa124,502 116,540 254,735 232,259 
Japan46,475 46,250 92,981 87,764 
Total$728,285 $638,418 $1,464,313 $1,256,375 
The following table presents a summary of long-lived assets by geography as of July 3, 2021 and January 2, 2021:
 As of
 July 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
 (In thousands)
Americas:
United States$239,207 $248,292 
Other Americas652 753 
Total Americas239,859 249,045 
Asia:
China15,962 16,416 
Other Asia4,985 28,668 
Total Asia20,947 45,084 
Europe, Middle East and Africa40,631 16,304 
Japan542 692 
Total$301,979 $311,125 

17


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or this Quarterly Report,(this “Quarterly Report”) and in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016January 2, 2021. This Quarterly Report contains statements that are not historical in nature, are predictive, or that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions or contain other forward-looking statements. Statements including, but not limited to, statements regarding the extent and timing of future revenues and expenses and customer demand, statements regarding the deployment of our products and services, statements regarding our reliance on third parties, statements regarding the impact on our business of the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health measures, and other statements using words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “should,” “targets,” “will” and “would,” and words of similar import and the negatives thereof, constitute forward-looking statements. These statements are predictions based upon our current expectations about future events. Actual results could vary materially as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, those expressed in these statements. We refer you to the “Risk Factors,” “Results of Operations,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources” sections contained in this Quarterly Report, and the risks discussed in our other Securities and Exchange Commission or SEC,(“SEC”) filings, which identify important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements.
We urge you to consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to our company or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report are made only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We do not intend, and undertake no obligation, to update these forward-looking statements.
Business Overview
We enable our customers to designdevelop electronic products. Our products and services are designed to give our customers a competitive edge in their development of electronic systems, integrated circuits or ICs,(“ICs”), systems-on-chip (“SoCs”), and increasingly sophisticated electronic devices and increasingly sophisticated manufacturedsystems. Our products and services do this by optimizing performance, minimizing power consumption, shortening the time to bring theirour customers’ products to market, improving engineering productivity and reducing their design, development and manufacturing costs. We offer software, hardware, services and reusable IC design blocks, which are commonly referred to as intellectual property or IP.(“IP”).
Our strategy, which we call Intelligent System Design Enablement, or SDE,, is our overall strategy to provide the technologiestechnology necessary for our customers to develop electronic products across a completevariety of vertical markets including consumer, hyperscale computing, mobile, 5G communications, automotive, aerospace and functionaldefense, industrial and healthcare. Our products and services enable our customers to develop complex and innovative electronic product. Our SDE strategy enables us to address the growing trends of electronic systems companies developing their own ICs as part of their end product systems, as well as semiconductor companies delivering greater portions of the systems into which their IC products, are integrated. Demandso demand for our productstechnology is driven by our customers’ investment in new designs and products. Historically, the industry that provided the tools used by IC engineers was referred to as Electronic Design Automation (“EDA”). Today, our offerings include and extend beyond EDA.
We combinegroup our products and technologies into categories related to major design activities:
Functional Verification, including EmulationCustom IC Design and Prototyping Hardware;Simulation;
Digital IC Design and Signoff;
Custom IC Design;Functional Verification;
IP; and
System InterconnectDesign and Analysis;Analysis.
During the first half of fiscal 2021, we continued to execute our Intelligent System Design™ strategy with our announcement of the next generation of hardware-software products in our Functional Verification product category, which consists of the integrated Palladium Z2 emulation and Protium X2 prototyping systems, to accelerate hardware debug and software validation. We also completed our acquisitions of Belgium-based NUMECA, a leader in computational fluid dynamics (“CFD”), and Pointwise Inc, a leading provider of CFD Meshing technology. The addition of these technologies and talent broadens our System Design and Analysis portfolio and expertise. We expect these acquisitions will increase expenses, including amortization of acquired intangible assets, more than revenue during fiscal 2021.
IP.
For additional information about our products, see the discussion in Item 1, “Business,” under the heading “Products and Product Strategy,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.January 2, 2021.
We have identifiedManagement uses certain items that management uses as performance indicators to manage our business, including revenue, certain elements of operating expenses and cash flow from operations, and we describe these items further below under the headings “Results of Operations” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”
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During the second quarter of fiscal 2021, we offered a voluntary retirement program to eligible employees in the United States. This program resulted in a one-time charge for voluntary termination and post-employment benefits of $26.8 million, which increased costs and expenses during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and six months ended June 27, 2020. As of July 3, 2021, liabilities related to the voluntary retirement program were $26.6 million and were included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. We expect to make cash payments to settle these liabilities through fiscal 2023, including $22.3 million that is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.
COVID-19 Impact
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic. The effects of the ongoing global pandemic have been widespread and have resulted in authorities implementing numerous measures to contain the virus, including travel bans and restrictions, quarantines, shelter-in-place orders, and business limitations and shutdowns. We are unable to accurately predict the full impact that COVID-19 will have on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows due to numerous uncertainties, including the duration and severity of the pandemic and containment measures and the distribution and effectiveness of vaccines. Our efforts to comply with these containment measures have impacted our day-to-day operations and could disrupt our business and operations, as well as that of our key customers, suppliers (including contract manufacturers) and other counterparties, for an indefinite period of time. To support the health and well-being of our employees, customers, partners and communities, a vast majority of our employees are still working remotely as of July 26, 2021. However, we have begun a limited pilot program for employees to begin voluntarily returning to work in certain jurisdictions with lower rates of new COVID-19 cases.
Since its inception, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused some volatility in our usual delivery timing for our hardware and IP products to certain customers. Many of our customers’ employees are working remotely, and, in some cases, we have experienced delivery lead times that are longer than normal because of delays in getting access to customer sites to complete our deliveries. In other cases, the amount of our hardware and IP products that we have been able to deliver has been greater than we originally anticipated at the beginning of the respective period. We have also received numerous COVID-19 pandemic-related requests from our customers to allow them to delay their payments to us, while we continue to provide services to these customers. Despite the challenges the COVID-19 pandemic has posed to our operations, it did not have material adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows during the first half of fiscal 2021. We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of the impact of COVID-19 on our business. See Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” for additional information on the impact of COVID-19 on our business.
Critical Accounting Estimates
In preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on our revenue, operating income and net income, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We base our assumptions, judgments and estimates on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. At least quarterly, we evaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates, and make changes as deemed necessary.
For further information about our critical accounting estimates, see the discussion in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” under the heading “Critical Accounting Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.

January 2, 2021.
New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
Revenue Recognition
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606),” which supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605).” Under Topic 606, revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services and is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration which the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, Topic 606 requires enhanced disclosures, including disclosure of the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The FASB has recently issued several amendments to the standard, including clarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property and identifying performance obligations. Topic 606 will be effective for us beginning with the first quarter of fiscal 2018.
While we continue to assess all potential impacts of Topic 606, we currently expect:
Our revenue mix will remain approximately 90% recurring, or recognizable over time, under both Topic 605 and Topic 606;
The use of the cumulative catch-up method upon adoption of Topic 606 requires us to evaluate only contracts that are effective on the adoption date as if that contract had been accounted for under Topic 606;
A small percentage of our existing backlog at the beginning of fiscal 2018 will be adjusted through retained earnings upon adoption of Topic 606 and such backlog will not be recognized as revenue in future periods under Topic 606;
Because of the transition method, revenue generated under Topic 606 will be slightly lower than Topic 605 in the year of adoption; and
In 2018, the year of adoption, we will report revenue under Topic 606 with supplemental disclosures of what revenue would have been under Topic 605.
We currently expect to continue to recognize revenue over time for our time-based software arrangements, which represents a significant percentage of our total revenue, because the multiple software licenses and related updates in our time-based arrangements constitute a single, combined performance obligation. The timing of revenue recognition for our hardware and professional services is expected to remain substantially unchanged.
We currently believeFor additional information about the adoption of Topic 606 will impact ournew accounting for multiple element arrangements, or MEAs, that combine many software-related deliverables, which may include multiple software contracts with varying terms, IP licenses, and/or service elements. Topic 605 requires vendor-specific objective evidence, or VSOE, to recognize revenue separately for the different undelivered elements. We have not established VSOE under Topic 605, thus the revenue related to these agreements is generally recognized over time beginning with the delivery of the last specified deliverable and ending on the latest end date. Topic 606 requires us to separate the different elements through the use of stand-alone selling prices, or SSPs, and to recognize the revenue allocated to the different elements as if those elements had been sold on a standalone basis, either up front or over time. We expect certain IP license agreements to be recognized up front under Topic 606, as opposed to over time under Topic 605. We also expect certain software agreements to be recognized over time under Topic 606, as opposed to up front under Topic 605. Despite these changes, we expect our revenue mix will remain consistent such that approximately 90% of our revenue is recognized over time.
More judgment and estimates will be required under Topic 606 than are required under Topic 605, including estimating the SSP for each performance obligation identified within our contracts. Due to the complexity of certain contracts, the actual revenue recognition treatment required under the new standard for these arrangements may be dependent on contract-specific terms and vary in some instances.
Topic 606 permits two methods of adoption: retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented (full retrospective method), or modified retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application (the cumulative catch-up transition method). We currently anticipate adopting the standard using the cumulative catch-up transition method.
Under the cumulative catch-up transition method, we will evaluate each contract that is effective on the adoption date as if that contract had been accounted for under Topic 606 from contract inception. Some revenue related to the MEAs and IP arrangements noted above that would have been recognized in future periods under Topic 605 will be recast under Topic 606 as if the revenue had been recognized in prior periods. As this transition method requires that we not adjust historical reported revenue amounts, the revenue that would have been recognized under this method prior to the adoption date will be an adjustment to retained earnings and will not be recognized as revenue in future periods as previously planned. Because of this transition method, we expect that a small percentage of our year-end backlog will be adjusted to retained earnings upon adoption.

Topic 606 also requires the deferral of incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer. This will require that we capitalize commission costs directly related to obtaining customer contracts, and we will amortize those costs over the life of the contract. Due to the broad scope and complexity associated with Topic 606, we are currently implementing systems and processes to assiststandards, see Note 1 in the adoption of this new accounting standard.
Financial Instruments
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, “Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities,” which will impact certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The updated standard becomes effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. Upon the effective date of the new standard, all equity investments in unconsolidated entities, other than those accounted for using the equity method of accounting, will generally be measured at fair value with the changes in fair value recognized through earnings. There will no longer be an available-for-sale classification for equity investments and therefore, the changes in the fair value of our marketable equity securities will no longer be reported in other comprehensive income (loss).
The updated standard also simplifies the impairment assessment of investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment of investments at each reporting period. The new guidance must be applied by means of a cumulative-effect adjustmentnotes to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the year of adoption. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a significant impact on ourcondensed consolidated financial statements or the related disclosures based on our current holdings of equity investments.
Leases
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842),” requiring, among other things, the recognition of lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets on the balance sheet by lessees for certain lease arrangements that are classified as operating leases under the previous standard. While we are continuing to assess the potential impacts of the standard, we anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a material impact on our consolidated balance sheets and may require changes to our systems and processes. We currently expect the most significant impact will be the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases.
The updated standard becomes effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and requires the use of a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements.
Income Tax
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, “Income taxes (Topic 740): Intra-entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory.” The new guidance requires the recognition of the income tax consequences of an intra-entity asset transfer when the transfer occurs. For intra-entity transfers of inventory, the income tax effects will continue to be deferred until the inventory has been sold to a third party. The new standard becomes effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. The new guidance must be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. We are currently evaluating the effects that the adoption of this guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements. We anticipate the potential for increased volatility in future effective tax rates from the adoption of this guidance.
Business Combinations
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” that revises the definition of a business as it relates to acquisitions, disposals, goodwill impairments and consolidations. The updated standard becomes effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2018, and early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the effect of adopting the new standard.
Goodwill Impairment
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” that eliminates “Step 2” from the goodwill impairment test. The new standard is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2020, and early adoption is permitted. The new guidance must be applied on a prospective basis. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements or the related disclosures.
Stock-based Compensation
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting,” that provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. The new standard is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. The new guidance must be applied on a prospective basis. We do not anticipate that the adoption of this standard will have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements or the related disclosures.

Results of Operations
Financial results for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2016,June 27, 2020, reflect the following:
revenue growth that exceeded the growth of our costs and expenses;
increased product and maintenance revenue, resultingprimarily from overall growth in our software and IP business, particularly in Asia, partially offset by lower emulation and prototyping hardware revenue; andproduct offerings;
continued investment in research and development activities focused on creatingexpanding and enhancing our products.product portfolio;
higher selling costs, including additional investment in technical sales support in response to our customers’ increasing technological requirements; and
an increase in costs associated with the voluntary retirement program we offered to certain of our employees during the second quarter of fiscal 2021.
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Revenue
We primarily generate revenue from licensing our software and IP, selling or leasing our emulation and prototyping hardware technology, providing maintenance for our software, hardware and IP, providing engineering services and earning royalties generated from the use of our IP. The timing of our revenue is significantly affected by the mix of software, hardware and IP products generating revenue in any given period and whether the revenue is recognized over multiple periodstime or up front,at a point in time, upon completion of delivery.
ApproximatelyIn any fiscal year, we expect that between 85% and 90% of our annual revenue iswill be characterized as recurring revenue. Revenue characterized as recurring includes revenue recognized over time and the remainder of the resulting revenue is recognized up front, upon completion of delivery. Revenue recognized over time includes revenue from our time-based software arrangements, certain IP license arrangements where revenue is recognized over multiple periods, services, royalties, from certain IP arrangements, maintenance on perpetual softwareIP licenses and hardware, and operating leases of hardware. Upfronthardware and revenue recognized at varying points in time over the term of our IP Access Agreements. 
The remainder of our revenue is characterized as up-front revenue. Up-front revenue is primarily generated by our sales of emulation and prototyping hardware and perpetual software and certainindividual IP licenses. Our ability to maintain this mix in any single fiscal periodThe percentage of our recurring and up-front revenue may be impacted primarily by delivery of hardware and IP products to our customers.customers in any single fiscal period.
Revenue by Period
The following table shows our revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016 and the change in revenue between periods:
 Three Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance$451.2
 $415.4
 $35.8
 9%
Services34.2
 30.8
 3.4
 11%
Total revenue$485.4
 $446.2
 $39.2
 9%
The following table shows our revenue for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016June 27, 2020 and the change in revenue between periods:
 Three Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance$687.9 $601.3 $86.6 14 %
Services40.4 37.1 3.3 %
Total revenue$728.3 $638.4 $89.9 14 %
 Nine Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance$1,346.5
 $1,247.1
 $99.4
 8 %
Services94.8
 100.0
 (5.2) (5)%
Total revenue$1,441.3
 $1,347.1
 $94.2
 7 %
The following table shows our revenue for the six months ended July 3, 2021 and June 27, 2020 and the change in revenue between periods:
Product and maintenance revenue may fluctuate from period to period and by geography based on demand for emulation hardware and IP offerings.
 Six Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance$1,386.9 $1,183.1 $203.8 17 %
Services77.4 73.3 4.1 %
Total revenue$1,464.3 $1,256.4 $207.9 17 %
Product and maintenance revenue increased during the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2016,June 27, 2020, primarily because of growthincreased investments by our customers in our softwarenew, complex designs for their products that include the design of electronic systems for consumer, hyperscale computing, mobile, 5G communications, automotive, aerospace and IP business, partially offset by lower emulationdefense, industrial and prototyping hardware revenue.
healthcare. Services revenue may fluctuate from period to period based on demand for, and our available resources to fulfill,the timing of fulfillment of our services and IP offerings.performance obligations.
No one customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenue during the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 or October 1, 2016.June 27, 2020.

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Revenue by Product GroupCategory
The following table shows the percentage of revenue contributed by each of our five product categories and services for the past five consecutive quarters:
 Three Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
April 3,
2021
January 2, 2021*September 26,
2020
June 27,
2020
Custom IC Design and Simulation23 %23 %26 %24 %24 %
Digital IC Design and Signoff28 %27 %31 %27 %28 %
Functional Verification, including Emulation and Prototyping Hardware25 %26 %19 %23 %24 %
IP13 %14 %13 %15 %14 %
System Design and Analysis11 %10 %11 %11 %10 %
Total100 %100 %100 %100 %100 %
 Three Months Ended
 October 1,
2016
 December 31,
2016
 April 1,
2017
 July 1,
2017
 September 30,
2017
Functional Verification, including Emulation and Prototyping Hardware24% 25% 23% 23% 21%
Digital IC Design and Signoff28% 30% 29% 30% 30%
Custom IC Design27% 25% 26% 26% 28%
System Interconnect and Analysis10% 9% 10% 10% 10%
IP11% 11% 12% 11% 11%
Total100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
_____________
* Our fiscal years are 52- or 53-week periods ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Fiscal 2020 was a 53-week fiscal year, with an additional week in our fourth quarter of 2020.
Revenue by product groupcategory fluctuates from period to period baseddepending on demand for our products and services, our available resources and our resourcesability to fulfill, our services, emulation hardwaredeliver and IP offerings. As described in Note 2 in the notes to consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, certainsupport them. Certain of our licensing arrangements allow customers the ability to remix among software products. Additionally, we have arrangements with customers that include a combination of our products, with the actual product selection and number of licensed users to be determined at a later date. For these arrangements, we estimate the allocation of the revenue to product groupscategories based upon the expected usage of our products. The actual usage of our products by these customers may differ and, if that proves to be the case, the revenue allocation in the table above would differ.
Revenue by Geography
 Three Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
United States$313.1 $267.0 $46.1 17 %
Other Americas10.2 10.1 0.1 %
China99.6 77.2 22.4 29 %
Other Asia134.4 121.3 13.1 11 %
Europe, Middle East and Africa124.5 116.5 8.0 %
Japan46.5 46.3 0.2 — %
Total revenue$728.3 $638.4 $89.9 14 %
During the three months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three months ended June 27, 2020, revenue from our software offerings increased in nearly all geographies. Revenue from hardware product offerings also increased during the three months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three months ended June 27, 2020, primarily in the United States and Other Asia.
21


Three Months Ended Change Six Months EndedChange
September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
(In millions, except percentages) (In millions, except percentages)
United States$208.4
 $197.7
 $10.7
 5%United States$639.5 $525.5 $114.0 22 %
Other Americas7.9
 6.9
 1.0
 14%Other Americas19.9 19.0 0.9 %
Asia131.9
 120.2
 11.7
 10%
ChinaChina189.0 161.0 28.0 17 %
Other AsiaOther Asia268.2 230.9 37.3 16 %
Europe, Middle East and Africa94.7
 83.1
 11.6
 14%Europe, Middle East and Africa254.7 232.2 22.5 10 %
Japan42.5
 38.3
 4.2
 11%Japan93.0 87.8 5.2 %
Total revenue$485.4
 $446.2
 $39.2
 9%Total revenue$1,464.3 $1,256.4 $207.9 17 %
 Nine Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
United States$620.5
 $614.1
 $6.4
 1%
Other Americas25.8
 23.4
 2.4
 10%
Asia385.7
 330.4
 55.3
 17%
Europe, Middle East and Africa284.4
 257.3
 27.1
 11%
Japan124.9
 121.9
 3.0
 2%
Total revenue$1,441.3
 $1,347.1
 $94.2
 7%
During the six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the six months ended June 27, 2020, revenue from our software offerings increased in nearly each geography. Revenue by geography fluctuates from period to period based on demand for, and our resources to fulfill, our services, emulation hardware and IP offerings.product offerings also increased during the six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the six months ended June 27, 2020, primarily in the United States and Other Asia.
Since the second quarter of fiscal 2019, we have not been able to deliver maintenance or support for certain customers in China due to the U.S. Department of Commerce’s designation of these customers to the “Entity List.” We expect these restrictions and new or expanded trade restrictions to continue to impact revenue from certain customers in China.
Revenue by Geography as a Percent of Total Revenue
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
United States43 %42 %44 %42 %
Other Americas%%%%
China14 %12 %13 %13 %
Other Asia19 %19 %18 %18 %
Europe, Middle East and Africa17 %18 %18 %18 %
Japan%%%%
Total100 %100 %100 %100 %
Most of our revenue is transacted in the United States dollar. However, certain revenue transactions are denominated in foreign currencies. For an additional description of how changes in foreign exchange rates affect our condensed consolidated financial statements, see the discussion under Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – Foreign Currency Risk.”

Revenue by Geography as a Percent of Total Revenue
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
United States43% 44% 43% 46%
Other Americas2% 2% 2% 2%
Asia27% 27% 26% 25%
Europe, Middle East and Africa19% 19% 20% 19%
Japan9% 8% 9% 8%
Total100% 100% 100% 100%
Cost of Revenue
 Three Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Cost of product and maintenance$55.8 $55.7 $0.1 — %
Cost of services20.9 19.5 1.4 %
 Six Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Cost of product and maintenance$120.7 $111.1 $9.6 %
Cost of services40.0 38.6 1.4 %
22
 Three Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Cost of product and maintenance$34.8
 $38.7
 $(3.9) (10)%
Cost of services19.7
 17.9
 1.8
 10 %


 Nine Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Cost of product and maintenance$117.4
 $125.9
 $(8.5) (7)%
Cost of services59.7
 54.6
 5.1
 9 %
Cost of Product and Maintenance
Cost of product and maintenance includes costs associated with the sale and lease of our emulation and prototyping hardware and licensing of our software and IP products, certain employee salary and benefits and other employee-related costs, cost of our customer support services, amortization of technology-related and maintenance-related acquired intangibles, costs of technical documentation and royalties payable to third-party vendors. Costs associated with our emulation and prototyping hardware products include materials, assembly, testing, applicable reserves and overhead. These hardware manufacturing costs make our cost of emulation and prototyping hardware product higher, as a percentage of revenue, than our cost of software and IP products.
A summary of cost of product and maintenance is as follows:
 Three Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance-related costs$24.6
 $28.1
 $(3.5) (12)%
Amortization of acquired intangibles10.2
 10.6
 (0.4) (4)%
Total cost of product and maintenance$34.8
 $38.7
 $(3.9) (10)%
 Nine Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance-related costs$85.8
 $94.1
 $(8.3) (9)%
Amortization of acquired intangibles31.6
 31.8
 (0.2) (1)%
Total cost of product and maintenance$117.4
 $125.9
 $(8.5) (7)%

Cost of product and maintenance depends primarily on our hardware product sales in any given period. Cost of product and maintenanceperiod, but is also affected by employee salary and benefits and other employee-related costs, as well asreserves for inventory, and the timing and extent to which we acquire intangible assets, acquirelicense third-party technology or license third-parties’ intellectual property or technologyIP, and sell our products that include such acquired or licensed intellectual propertytechnology or technology.IP.
A summary of cost of product and maintenance is as follows:
 Three Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance-related costs$43.6 $44.2 $(0.6)(1)%
Amortization of acquired intangibles12.2 11.5 0.7 %
Total cost of product and maintenance$55.8 $55.7 $0.1 — %
 Six Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Product and maintenance-related costs$96.7 $88.8 $7.9 %
Amortization of acquired intangibles24.0 22.3 1.7 %
Total cost of product and maintenance$120.7 $111.1 $9.6 %
The changes in product and maintenance-related costs for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to the three and nine months ended October 1, 2016, were due to the following:
 Change
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 (In millions)
Emulation and prototyping hardware costs$(3.5) $(5.3)
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs(0.4) (3.3)
Other items0.4
 0.3
Total change in product and maintenance-related costs$(3.5) $(8.3)
Emulation and prototyping hardware costs decreased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to the three and nine months ended October 1, 2016, primarily due to lower emulation and prototyping hardware revenue. Gross margins on our hardware products will fluctuate based on product life cycle, product competition, product mix and pricing strategies.
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs decreased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2016,June 27, 2020, were due to the following:
 Change
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(In millions)
Emulation and prototyping hardware costs$(1.8)$6.7 
Other items1.2 1.2 
Total change in product and maintenance-related costs$(0.6)$7.9 
Costs associated with our emulation and prototyping hardware products include components, assembly, testing, applicable reserves and overhead. These costs make our cost of emulation and prototyping hardware products higher, as a percentage of revenue, than our cost of software and IP products. The decrease in emulation and prototyping hardware costs during the three months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three months ended June 27, 2020, was primarily due to a reductiondecreased reserves on inventory resulting from the transition to the next generation of our hardware products. The increase in headcount.emulation and prototyping hardware costs during the six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the six months ended June 27, 2020, was primarily due to overall increased demand for our emulation and prototyping hardware and the mix of products generating revenue.
Amortization of acquired intangibles included in cost of product and maintenance increased during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, primarily due to technology-related intangible assets acquired with our acquisitions of NUMECA and Pointwise during the first half of fiscal 2021 and in-process technology being placed into service during the second quarter of fiscal 2020. This increase was partially offset by certain technology-related intangible assets becoming fully amortized during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021 and during fiscal 2020.
23


Cost of Services
Cost of services primarily includes employee salary, benefits and other employee-related costs to perform work on revenue-generating projects and costs to maintain the infrastructure necessary to manage a services organization, and provisions for contract losses, if any.organization. Cost of services willmay fluctuate from period to period based on our utilization of design services engineers on revenue-generating projects or onrather than internal development projects. During the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, cost of services increased primarily as the result of costs associated with our voluntary retirement program.
Operating Expenses
Our operating expenses include marketing and sales, research and development, and general and administrative expenses. Factors that tend to cause our operating expenses to fluctuate include changes in the number of employees due to hiring and acquisitions, stock-based compensation, restructuring and other employment separation activities (such as the voluntary retirement program), foreign exchange rates, stock-based compensationrate movements, and the impact of our variable compensation programs that are driven by overall operating results.
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs and facilities and other infrastructure costs included in operating expenses increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to the three and nine months ended October 1, 2016, primarily due to an increase in headcount resulting from additional hiring and our 2016 acquisitions.
Stock-based compensation included in our operating expenses increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to the three and nine months ended October 1, 2016, primarily because successive increases in the price of our common stock have resulted in higher grant-date fair values for the mix of stock awards expensed in each period. We expect stock-based compensation included in operating expenses to increase during the remainder of fiscal 2017, as compared to fiscal 2016, due to higher grant-date fair values of stock awards vesting during fiscal 2017.
Many of our operating expenses are transacted in various foreign currencies. We recognize lower expenses in periods when the United States dollar strengthens in value against other currencies and we recognize higher expenses when the United States dollar weakens against other currencies. For an additional description of how changes in foreign exchange rates affect our condensed consolidated financial statements, see the discussion in Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – Foreign Currency Risk.”

Our operating expenses for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016June 27, 2020 were as follows:
 Three Months EndedChange
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Marketing and sales$136.0 $120.5 $15.5 13 %
Research and development285.2 250.8 34.4 14 %
General and administrative40.3 35.6 4.7 13 %
Total operating expenses$461.5 $406.9 $54.6 13 %
Three Months Ended Change Six Months EndedChange
September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
AmountPercentage
(In millions, except percentages) (In millions, except percentages)
Marketing and sales$104.3
 $96.8
 $7.5
 8%Marketing and sales$268.8 $246.2 $22.6 %
Research and development206.6
 191.5
 15.1
 8%Research and development556.2 492.5 63.7 13 %
General and administrative36.3
 30.4
 5.9
 19%General and administrative80.3 69.2 11.1 16 %
Total operating expenses$347.2
 $318.7
 $28.5
 9%Total operating expenses$905.3 $807.9 $97.4 12 %
 Nine Months Ended Change
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Amount Percentage
 (In millions, except percentages)
Marketing and sales$311.5
 $297.1
 $14.4
 5%
Research and development600.8
 553.8
 47.0
 8%
General and administrative100.9
 95.1
 5.8
 6%
Total operating expenses$1,013.2
 $946.0
 $67.2
 7%
Our operating expenses, as a percentage of total revenue, for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016June 27, 2020 were as follows:
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Marketing and sales19 %19 %18 %20 %
Research and development39 %39 %38 %39 %
General and administrative%%%%
Total operating expenses64 %64 %61 %65 %
24

 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
Marketing and sales21% 22% 22% 22%
Research and development43% 43% 42% 41%
General and administrative7% 7% 7% 7%
Total operating expenses71% 72% 71% 70%

Marketing and Sales
The changesincrease in marketing and sales expense for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2016, wereJune 27, 2020, was due to the following:
 Change
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 (In millions)
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs$8.5 $18.4 
Voluntary retirement program6.7 6.7 
Stock-based compensation0.2 1.4 
Professional services0.2 1.1 
Travel and sales meetings0.6 (1.9)
Home office-related expenses(2.0)(2.0)
Marketing programs and events0.5 (2.1)
Other items0.8 1.0 
Total change in marketing and sales expense$15.5 $22.6 
 Change
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 (In millions)
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs$6.4
 $11.2
Facilities and other infrastructure costs2.0
 3.5
Stock-based compensation1.4
 2.8
Professional services(1.4) (1.8)
Other items(0.9) (1.3)
Total change in marketing and sales expense$7.5
 $14.4


During the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, salary, benefits and other employee-related costs included in marketing and sales expense increased due primarily to additional headcount from hiring and acquisitions. This increase was partially offset by reduced costs for home office-related expenses associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. We expect marketing and sales expense to increase during the remainder of fiscal 2021, as compared to fiscal 2020, due to increased employee-related costs related to additional headcount from hiring and acquisitions.
Research and Development
The changesincrease in research and development expense for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2016, wereJune 27, 2020, was due to the following:
 Change
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 (In millions)
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs$22.5 $48.2 
Voluntary retirement program14.7 14.7 
Stock-based compensation1.6 5.1 
Facilities and other infrastructure costs3.0 4.1 
Product development costs(3.2)(3.4)
Home office-related expenses(5.3)(5.3)
Other items1.1 0.3 
Total change in research and development expense$34.4 $63.7 
 Change
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 (In millions)
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs$6.7
 $31.9
Stock-based compensation3.8
 8.9
Facilities and other infrastructure costs3.2
 7.4
Materials and other pre-production costs1.1
 (0.7)
Other items0.3
 (0.5)
Total change in research and development expense$15.1
 $47.0
We must invest significantlyDuring the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, salary, benefits and other employee-related costs included in product research and development expense increased due primarily to keep pace with the latest manufacturing technology. The demand for new IC manufacturing technology directly impacts the demand for our newest productsadditional headcount from hiring and we must keep pace with our customers’ technical developments, satisfy industry standards and meet our customers’ increasingly demanding performance, productivity, quality and predictability requirements. Therefore, weacquisitions. We expect research and development expense to increase during the remainder of fiscal 2017,2021, as compared to fiscal 2016.2020, due to increased employee-related costs related to additional headcount from hiring and acquisitions.
25


General and Administrative
The changesincrease in general and administrative expense for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2016, wereJune 27, 2020, was due to the following:
 Change
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 (In millions)
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs$0.3 $3.7 
Stock-based compensation1.5 2.6 
Voluntary retirement program2.3 2.2 
Customs and other import-related costs0.4 1.8 
Other items0.2 0.8 
Total change in general and administrative expense$4.7 $11.1 
 Change
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 (In millions)
Professional services$2.2
 $3.7
Bad debt1.1
 1.5
Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs1.0
 2.4
Stock-based compensation0.8
 1.9
Acquisition-related costs
 (4.9)
Other items0.8
 1.2
Total change in general and administrative expense$5.9
 $5.8
During the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, salary, benefits and other employee-related costs included in general and administrative expense increased due to increased headcount.
Restructuring and Other Charges
We have initiated various restructuring plans in recent years to better align our resources with our business strategy. Because the restructuring charges and related benefits are derived from management’s estimates made during the formulation of the restructuring plans, based on then-currently available information, our restructuring plans may not achieve the benefits anticipated on the timetable or at the level contemplated. Demand for our products and services and, ultimately, our future financial performance, is difficult to predict with any degree of certainty. Accordingly, additionalAdditional actions, including further restructuring of our operations, may be required in the future.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we revised certain estimates made in connection with the 2016 Restructuring Plans and recorded credits of approximately $2.8 million. For additional information about our restructuring plans, see Note 89 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Operating Margin
Operating margin represents income from operations as a percentage of total revenue. Our operating margin for the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, and the three and six months ended June 27, 2020 was as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended

July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Operating margin25 %24 %27 %23 %
Operating margin increased during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, and the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, because revenue growth exceeded the growth of our costs and expenses. During the remainder of fiscal 2021, we do not expect operating margin to grow at the same level it has during the first half of fiscal 2021 due to our recent acquisitions having a greater impact on expenses than revenue, and due to incremental costs associated with new and existing employees. We also expect an increase in expenses related to travel, meetings and events if measures implemented to contain COVID-19 are lifted.
Interest Expense
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
 (In millions)
Contractual interest expense:
2024 Notes3.8 3.8 7.6 7.6 
Revolving credit facility0.1 1.9 0.3 2.5 
Amortization of debt discount:
2024 Notes0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 
Other0.2 — 0.2 0.1 
Total interest expense$4.3 $5.9 $8.5 $10.6 
26


 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In millions)
Contractual interest expense:       
2019 Term Loan$1.9
 $1.6
 $5.7
 $3.9
2024 Notes3.8
 3.8
 11.4
 11.4
Revolving credit facility0.1
 0.4
 0.8
 1.0
Amortization of debt discount:       
2019 Term Loan0.1
 0.1
 0.2
 0.1
2024 Notes0.2
 0.2
 0.5
 0.5
Other0.1
 
 0.4
 0.4
Total interest expense$6.2
 $6.1
 $19.0
 $17.3
Interest expense decreased during the three and six months ended July 3, 2021, as compared to the three and six months ended June 27, 2020, due to borrowings of $350 million under our previous revolving credit facility during the first quarter of fiscal 2020. All outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility were repaid in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. For an additional description of our debt arrangements, see Note 2 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
Income Taxes
The following table presents the provision (benefit) for income taxes and the effective tax rate for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016:June 27, 2020:
 Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
 (In millions, except percentages)
Provision for income taxes$27.4 $19.4 $42.6 $25.6 
Effective tax rate14.9 %12.9 %11.0 %9.1 %
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 (In millions, except percentages)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes$5.4
 $(1.1) $19.6
 $20.3
Effective tax rate6.2% (1.7)% 8.2% 11.0%
Our provision for income taxes for the three and ninesix months ended September 30, 2017 isJuly 3, 2021 was primarily attributable to federal, state and foreign income taxes on our anticipated fiscal 20172021 income, partially offset by the tax benefits related to stock-based compensation. Our provision for income taxes for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 includes $14.7of $15.9 million and $28.0$44.8 million, of tax benefit, respectively, related to stock-based compensation that vested or was exercised during the period.
Our foreign earnings are generally subject to lower statutory tax rates than our United States earnings. We estimate our annual effective tax rate for fiscal 2017 to be approximately 11.0%. Our estimate excludes tax effects of certain stock-based compensation, potential acquisitions, and other items that we cannot reliably anticipate.
Our provision (benefit) for income taxes for the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2016 isJune 27, 2020 was primarily attributable to federal, state and foreign income taxes on our then-anticipated fiscal 2016 income. Our provision (benefit) for2020 income, taxes for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2016 includes $6.7partially offset by tax benefits of $11.3 million and $14.5$29.7 million, of tax benefit, respectively, related to stock-based compensation that vested or was exercised during the period.
Our future effective tax rates may be materially impacted by changes in tax laws, tax amounts associated with our foreign earnings at rates different from the United States federal statutory rate, research credits, the tax impact of stock-based compensation, accounting for uncertain tax positions, business combinations, closure of statutestatutes of limitations or settlement of tax audits, and changes in valuation allowance and changes in tax law.allowance. A significant amount of our foreign earnings is generated by our subsidiaries organized in Ireland and Hungary. Our future effective tax rates may be adversely affected if our earnings were to be lower in countries where we have lower statutory tax rates. We currently expect that our fiscal 2021 effective tax rate will be approximately 16%. We expect that our quarterly effective tax rates or if we were to repatriate certain foreign earnings on which United States taxes have not been previously accrued.
For further discussion regardingwill vary from our fiscal 2021 effective tax rate as a result of recognizing the income taxes, see Note 10tax effects of stock-based awards in the notes to consolidated financial statements inquarterly periods that the awards vest or are settled and other items that we cannot anticipate. For additional discussion about how our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.effective tax rate could be affected by various risks, see Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.”


Liquidity and Capital Resources
 As of  
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 Change
 (In millions)
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments$682.4
 $468.3
 $214.1
Net working capital$411.0
 $116.5
 $294.5
 As of 
 July 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
Change
 (In millions)
Cash and cash equivalents$847.2 $928.4 $(81.2)
Net working capital530.4 681.8 (151.4)
Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments
As of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of $682.4$847.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, as compared to $468.3$928.4 million as of December 31, 2016.January 2, 2021.
Our primary sources of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments during the ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 were cash generated from operations and proceeds from the exerciseissuance of common stock options and proceedsresulting from stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan.plan and stock options exercised during the period.
Our primary uses of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments during the ninesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 were payments related to employee salaries and benefits, other employee-related costs and operating expenses, payment on our revolving credit facility, repurchases of our common stock, tax paymentscash paid in business combinations, payment of taxes on vesting of restricted stock held by employees, and purchases of property, plant and equipment.
Approximately 73%61% of our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were held by our foreign subsidiaries as of September 30, 2017.July 3, 2021. Our intent iscash and cash equivalents held by our foreign subsidiaries may vary from period to indefinitely reinvest our earnings from certainperiod due to the timing of collections and repatriation of foreign operations. We do not anticipate we will need to repatriate dividends from foreign operations that are indefinitely reinvested in order to fund our domestic operations. In the event that dividends from foreign operations that are currently indefinitely reinvested are needed to fund United States liquidity, we could be required to accrue and pay additional taxes in order to repatriate these funds. For further discussion regarding our income taxes see Note 10 in the notes to consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.
earnings. We expect that current cash and cash equivalentsequivalent balances and short-term investment balances, cash flows that are generated from operations and cash borrowings available under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to meet our domestic and international working capital needs and other capital and liquidity requirements including acquisitions and share repurchases for at least the next 12 months.
27


Net Working Capital
Net working capital is comprised of current assets less current liabilities, as shown on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The increasedecrease in our net working capital as of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to December 31, 2016,January 2, 2021, is primarily due to a net increase inthe timing of cash receipts from customers and cash equivalents generated from operations.disbursements made to vendors.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
 Six Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Change
(In millions)
Cash provided by operating activities$588.8 $562.8 $26.0 
 Nine Months Ended  
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Change
 (In millions)
Cash provided by operating activities$343.9
 $248.0
 $95.9
Cash flows from operating activities include net income, adjusted for certain non-cash items, as well as changes in the balances of certain assets and liabilities. Our cash flows from operating activities are significantly influenced by business levels and the payment terms set forth in our customer agreements. The increase in cash flows from operating activities for the ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the ninesix months ended October 1, 2016,June 27, 2020, was primarily due to the timing of cash receipts from customers and disbursements made to vendors and improved profitability.
We expect that cash flows from operating activities will fluctuate in future periods due to a number of factors, including our operating results, the timing of our billings, collections and disbursements and tax payments.

vendors.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
 Six Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Change
(In millions)
Cash used for investing activities$(251.8)$(238.7)$(13.1)
 Nine Months Ended  
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Change
 (In millions)
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities$(30.7) $6.6
 $(37.3)
Cash used for investing activities increased during the ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the ninesix months ended October 1, 2016,June 27, 2020, primarily due to a decreasean increase in net proceeds from our investment portfolio, partially offset by a decrease in cash usedpayments for business combinations and asset acquisitions because we did not complete any acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.combinations. We expect to continue our investing activities, including purchasing property, plant and equipment, purchasing intangible assets, business combinations, purchasing software licenses, and making long-term equitystrategic investments.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
 Six Months Ended
 July 3,
2021
June 27,
2020
Change
(In millions)
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities$(419.4)$165.0 $(584.4)
 Nine Months Ended  
 September 30,
2017
 October 1,
2016
 Change
 (In millions)
Cash used for financing activities$(109.5) $(356.1) $246.6
Cash used forflows from financing activities decreased during the ninesix months ended September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, as compared to the ninesix months ended October 1, 2016,June 27, 2020, primarily due to a decrease indecreased net borrowings under our revolving credit facility and increased payments made to repurchasefor repurchases of our common stock, partially offset by a decreasean increase in proceeds from borrowings and an increase in payments on our revolving credit facility.the issuance of common stock.
Other Factors Affecting Liquidity and Capital Resources
Stock Repurchase Program
In January 2017,July 2020, our Board of Directors authorized $750 million for the repurchase of shares of our common stock with a value of up to $525.0 million in the aggregate.stock. The actual timing and amount of repurchases are subject to business and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, stock price, acquisition opportunities and other factors. As of September 30, 2017, $475.0July 3, 2021, approximately $346 million remained available under this authorization. See Part II, Item 2, “Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds” for additional information on share repurchases.
28


Revolving Credit Facility
OurOn June 30, 2021, we terminated our existing revolving credit facility, dated January 30, 2017, and entered into a five-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of lenders led by Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “2021 Credit Facility”). The 2021 Credit Facility provides for borrowings up to $350.0$700.0 million, with the right to request increased capacity up to an additional $250.0$350.0 million upon the receipt of lender commitments, for total maximum borrowings of $600.0 million.$1.05 billion. The credit facility2021 Credit Facility expires on January 28, 2022 and currently has no subsidiary guarantors.June 30, 2026. Any outstanding loans drawn under the credit facility2021 Credit Facility are due at maturity on January 28, 2022.June 30, 2026, subject to an option to extend the maturity date. Outstanding borrowings may be paidrepaid at any time prior to maturity. As of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, there were no borrowings outstanding under our revolvingthe 2021 Credit Facility, and we were in compliance with all financial covenants associated with such credit facility.
2019 Term Loan
In January 2016, we entered into a $300.0 million three-year senior unsecured non-amortizing term loan facility due on January 28, 2019, or the 2019 Term Loan, with a group of lenders led by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent. The 2019 Term Loan is unsecured.
2024 Notes
In October 2014, we issued $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375% Senior Notes due October 15, 2024.2024 (the “2024 Notes”). We received net proceeds of $342.4 million from the issuance of the 2024 Notes, net of a discount of $1.4 million and issuance costs of $6.2 million. Interest is payable in cash semi-annually. The 2024 Notes are unsecured and rank equal in right of payment to all of our existing and future senior indebtedness. The proceeds fromAs of July 3, 2021, we were in compliance with all covenants associated with the 2024 Notes are available for general corporate purposes, which may include the retirement of debt, working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and strategic transactions.Notes.
For additional information relating to our debt arrangements, see Note 2 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


Tax Examinations
We are regularly subject to examinations by tax authorities in the U.S. and foreign jurisdictions, which may in some cases result in assessments for additional taxes. Cadence is under examination in certain jurisdictions by tax authorities, including Germany, India, Israel and the Republic of Korea. In certain jurisdictions, we may be required to deposit the amount assessed by the tax authorities, including additional taxes, penalties or interest, prior to appealing such assessment even if the final assessment could be lower than the initial assessment.  The timing of the resolution of the appeals cannot be estimated with certainty.  Any requirement to deposit a material amount of cash for the tax assessments that we are appealing could reduce our cash flows, working capital and liquidity until the matter is resolved.


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Foreign Currency Risk
A material portion of our revenue, expenses and business activities are transacted in the United States dollar (“U.S. dollar.dollar”). In certain foreign countries where we price our products and services in U.S. dollars, a decrease in value of the local currency relative to the U.S. dollar results in an increase in the prices for our products and services compared to those products of our competitors that are priced in local currency. This could result in our prices being uncompetitive in certain markets.
In certain countries where we may invoice customers in the local currency our revenues benefit from a weaker dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger dollar. The opposite impact occurs in countries where we record expenses in local currencies. In those cases, our costs and expenses benefit from a stronger dollar and are adversely affected by a weaker dollar. The fluctuations in our operating expenses outside the United States resulting from volatility in foreign exchange rates are not generally moderated by corresponding fluctuations in revenues from existing contracts.
We enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to protect against currency exchange risks associated with existing assets and liabilities. A foreign currency forward exchange contract acts as a hedge by increasing in value when underlying assets decrease in value or underlying liabilities increase in value due to changes in foreign exchange rates. Conversely, a foreign currency forward exchange contract decreases in value when underlying assets increase in value or underlying liabilities decrease in value due to changes in foreign exchange rates. These forward contracts are not designated as accounting hedges, so the unrealized gains and losses are recognized in other income, net, in advance of the actual foreign currency cash flows with the fair value of these forward contracts being recorded as accrued liabilities or other current assets.
We do not use forward contracts for trading purposes. Our forward contracts generally have maturities of 90 days or less. We enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts based on estimated future asset and liability exposures, and the effectiveness of our hedging program depends on our ability to estimate these future asset and liability exposures. Recognized gains and losses with respect to our current hedging activities will ultimately depend on how accurately we are able to match the amount of foreign currency forward exchange contracts with actual underlying asset and liability exposures.
The following table provides information about our foreign currency forward exchange contracts as of September 30, 2017.July 3, 2021. The information is provided in United StatesU.S. dollar equivalent amounts. The table presents the notional amounts, at contract exchange rates, and the weighted average contractual foreign currency exchange rates expressed as units of the foreign currency per United StatesU.S. dollar, which in some cases may not be the market convention for quoting a particular currency. All of these forward contracts mature before or during November 2017.August 2021.
29


Notional
Principal
 
Weighted
Average
Contract
Rate
Notional
Principal
Weighted-Average
Contract Rate
(In millions)   (In millions) 
Forward Contracts:   Forward Contracts:
European Union euro$59.8
 0.84
European Union euro$160.5 0.82 
Japanese yen48.9
 110.75
British pound21.7
 0.75
British pound133.6 0.71 
Israeli shekel21.3
 3.53
Israeli shekel71.7 3.26 
Japanese yenJapanese yen56.7 109.87 
Indian rupee14.7
 64.25
Indian rupee17.8 74.13 
South Korean won12.2
 1,130.90
Swedish kronaSwedish krona13.6 8.51 
Taiwan dollarTaiwan dollar10.7 27.62 
Canadian dollarCanadian dollar9.5 1.21
Chinese renminbi7.9
 6.56
Chinese renminbi6.0 6.47
Taiwan dollar5.1
 29.98
Other6.2
  N/A
Other4.8  N/A
Total$197.8
  Total$484.9 
Estimated fair value$(2.0)  Estimated fair value$(7.1)
We actively monitor our foreign currency risks, but there is no guarantee that our foreign currency hedging activities willmay not substantially offset the impact of fluctuations in currency exchange rates on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position.



Interest Rate Risk
Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our portfolio of cash and cash equivalents and balances outstanding on our revolving credit facility, if any, and our 2019 Term Loan.any. We are exposed to interest rate fluctuations in many of the world’s leading industrialized countries, but our interest income and expense is most sensitive to fluctuations in the general level of United States interest rates. In this regard, changes in United States interest rates affect the interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents and the costs associated with foreign currency hedges.
All highly liquid securities with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase are considered to be cash equivalents. Securities with maturities greater than three months are classified as available-for-sale and are considered to be short-term investments. The carrying value of our interest-bearing instruments approximated fair value as of September 30, 2017.July 3, 2021.
Interest rates under our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan are variable, so interest expense could be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, particularly for periods when we maintain a balance outstanding under the revolving credit facility. Interest rates for our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan can fluctuate based on changes in market interest rates and in an interest rate margin that varies based on our consolidated leverage ratio. As of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, there were no borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility. For an additional description of the revolving credit facility, and 2019 Term Loan, see Note 2 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
Equity Price Risk
Equity Investments
We have a portfolio of equity investments that includes marketable equity securities and non-marketable investments. Our equity investments are made primarily in connection with our strategic investment program. Under our strategic investment program, from time to time, we make cash investments in companies with technologies that are potentially strategically importantof strategic importance to us. See Note 4 in the notes to consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016, for an additional description of these investments. Our non-marketable investments had a carrying value of $3.2 million as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

30


Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended or the Exchange Act,(the “Exchange Act”), under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer or CEO,(“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer or CFO,(“CFO”), we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of September 30, 2017.July 3, 2021.
The evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures included a review of our processes and the effect on the information generated for use in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In the course of this evaluation, we sought to identify any material weaknesses in our disclosure controls and procedures, to determine whether we had identified any acts of fraud involving personnel who have a significant role in our disclosure controls and procedures, and to confirm that any necessary corrective action, including process improvements, was taken. This type of evaluation is done every fiscal quarter so that our conclusions concerning the effectiveness of these controls can be reported in our periodic reports filed with the SEC. The overall goals of these evaluation activities are to monitor our disclosure controls and procedures and to make modifications as necessary. We intend to maintain these disclosure controls and procedures, modifying them as circumstances warrant.
Based on their evaluation as of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls
Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. Internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of internal control are met. Further, the design of internal control must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of the control must be considered relative to their costs. While our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of their effectiveness, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Cadence, have been detected.


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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we are involved in various disputes and litigation that arise in the ordinary course of business. These include disputes and lawsuits related to intellectual property, indemnification obligations, mergers and acquisitions, licensing, contracts, distribution arrangements and employee relations matters. At least quarterly, we review the status of each significant matter and assess its potential financial exposure. If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount or the range of loss can be estimated, we accrue a liability for the estimated loss. Legal proceedings are subject to uncertainties, and the outcomes are difficult to predict. Because of such uncertainties, accruals are based on our judgments using the best information available at the time. As additional information becomes available, we reassess the potential liability related to pending claims and litigation matters and may revise estimates.


Item 1A. Risk Factors
Our operations and financial results are subject to various material risks and uncertainties, including those described in the sections below, that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the trading price of our common stock.stock, and make an investment in our Company speculative or risky.
Business and Operational Risks Related
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic could continue to adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We are unable to accurately predict the full impact that the COVID-19 pandemic will have on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows due to numerous uncertainties, including the duration and severity of the pandemic, the efficacy and distribution of vaccines and containment measures. Our Business
Uncertainty in the global economy in general,compliance with these measures has impacted our day-to-day operations and any potential downturn in the semiconductor and electronics industries in particular, may negatively impactcould disrupt our business and reduce our bookings levels and revenue.
Purchasesoperations, as well as that of our productskey customers, suppliers (including contract manufacturers) and servicesother counterparties, for an indefinite period of time. To support the health and well-being of our employees, customers, partners and communities, a vast majority of our employees are dependent upon the commencementstill working remotely as of July 26, 2021. However, we have begun a limited pilot program for employees to begin voluntarily returning to work in certain jurisdictions with lower rates of new design projects by IC manufacturers and electronics systems companies. The IC and electronics systems industries are cyclical and are characterized by constant and rapid technological change, rapid product obsolescence and price erosion, evolving standards, short product life cycles and wide fluctuations in product supply and demand.COVID-19 cases.
The IC and electronics systems industries have also experienced significant downturns in connection with, or in anticipation of, maturing product cycles of both these industries’ and their customers’ products. While spending on EDA products and services has grown in recent years, the current outlook for the semiconductor industry is uncertain anddisruptions to our operations caused by COVID-19 may result in a decreaseinefficiencies, delays and additional costs in spending on EDA productsour product development, sales, marketing, and services, which are a part of our overall SDE offering.
Whilecustomer service efforts that we cannot predict global economic conditions, uncertainty about future politicalfully mitigate through remote or other alternative work arrangements. In addition, we have experienced, and economic conditions and future declinemay continue to experience, some volatility in consumer spending could negatively impact our customers’ businesses, reducing the number of new chip designs and their overall research and development spending, including their spending on SDE products and services, and as a result decrease demand for our products. Decreased bookings for our products and services, customer bankruptcies, consolidation among our customers, or problems or delays with our hardware suppliers or withproduct delivery times due to delays in obtaining access to customer sites. Moreover, access by our employees to our laboratory facilities that are necessary for the supply or deliverydevelopment of our hardwarecertain IP products could also adversely affect our ability to grow our business or adversely affect our future revenueshas been and financial results. Our future business and financial results are subject to considerable uncertainty that could impact our stock price. If economic conditions deterioratemay in the future or, in particular, if semiconductor or electronics systems industry revenues do not grow or our suppliers of our hardware components and products are subject to problems or delays, our future revenues and financial results could be adversely affected. However, if economic conditions improve for our customers, the positive impact on our revenues and financial results may be deferreddisrupted due to cautious customer research and development spending and our mixlocal conditions.
More generally, the impact of licenses that yield revenue recognized over time.
Customer consolidation could affect our operating results.
There has been a trend toward customer consolidation in the semiconductor industry through business combinations, including mergers, asset acquisitions and strategic partnerships. As this trend continues, it could make us dependent on fewer customers whopandemic may be able to exert increased pressure on our prices and other contract terms and could increase the portionpossibility of our total sales concentration for any single customer. Customer consolidation activityan extended global economic downturn, high inflation and has caused volatility in financial markets, which could also reduce theaffect demand for our products and services if suchand impact our results and financial condition even after the pandemic is contained, shelter-in-place orders are lifted and local conditions improve. For example, we may be unable to collect receivables from those customers streamline researchsignificantly impacted by COVID-19 and, development or operations, reduce purchases orin fact, have received numerous requests from our customers to delay purchasing decisions. These outcomestheir payments to us, while we continue to provide services to these customers. Also, a decrease in orders in a given period could negatively impactaffect our financial condition.

Our failure to respond quickly to technological developments or customers’ increasing technological requirements could make our products uncompetitive and obsolete.
The industriesrevenues in which we compete experience rapid technology developments, rapid changes in industry standards and customer requirements, and frequent introductions and improvements of new products. Currently, the industries we serve are experiencing the following trends:
changes in the design and manufacturing of ICs, including migration to advanced process nodes and the introduction of three-dimensional transistors, such as FinFETs, present major challenges to the semiconductor industry,future periods, particularly in IC design, design automation, design of manufacturing equipment, and the manufacturing process itself. With migration to advanced process nodes, the industry must adapt to more complex physics and manufacturing challenges such as the need to draw features on silicon that are many times smaller than the wavelength of light used to draw the features via lithography. Models of each component’s electrical properties and behavior also become more complex as do requisite analysis, design, verification and manufacturing capabilities. Novel design tools and methodologies must be invented and enhanced quickly to remain competitive in the design of electronics in the smallest nanometer ranges;
the ability to design SoCs increases the complexity of managing a design that, at the lowest level, is represented by billions of shapes on fabrication masks. In addition, SoCs typically incorporate microprocessors and digital signal processors that are programmed with software, requiring simultaneous design of the IC and the related software embedded on the IC;
with the availability of seemingly endless gate capacity, there is an increase in design reuse, or the combining of off-the-shelf design IP with custom logic to create ICs or SoCs. The unavailability of a broad range of high-quality design IP (including our own) that can be reliably incorporated into a customer’s design with our software products and services could lead to reduced demand for our products and services;
increased technological capability of the FPGA, which is a programmable logic chip, creates an alternative to IC implementation for some electronics companies. This could reduce demand for our IC implementation products and services;
a growing number of low-cost engineering services businesses could reduce the need for some IC companies to invest in EDA products; and
adoption of cloud computing technologies with accompanying new business models for an increasing number of SDE software categories.
If we are unable to respond quickly and successfully to these trends, we may lose our competitive position, and our products or technologies may become obsolete. To compete successfully, we must develop, acquire or license new products and improve our existing products and processesif experienced on a schedule that keeps pace with technological developments and the requirements for products addressingsustained basis, because a broad spectrum of designers and designer expertise in our industries. We must provide frequent and relevant updates to our software products in order to provide substantial benefit to the customer throughout the license periods because of the rapid changes in our customer’s industries. The market must also accept our new and improved products. Our hardware platforms must be enhanced periodically to reduce the likelihood that a competitor surpasses the capabilities we offer. Our introduction of new products could reduce the demand and revenue of our older products or affect their pricing. We must also be able to support a range of changing computer software, hardware platforms and customer preferences. A rapid transition to different business models associated with cloud computing technologies could result in reduced revenue. We cannot guarantee that we will be successful in keeping pace with all, or any, of the customer trends.
Competitive pressures may require us to reduce our pricing, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
The highly competitive markets in which we do business can put pressure on us to reduce the pricesproportion of our software emulationlicenses yield revenue recognized over time. The pandemic may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section, including risks associated with our customers and prototyping hardwaresupply chain. We will continue to evaluate the nature and IP. If our competitors offer deep discounts on certain products in an effort to recapture or gain market share or to sell other software or hardware products, we may then need to lower our prices or offer other favorable terms to compete successfully. Any such changes would be likely to reduce our profit margins and could adversely affect our operating results. Any substantial changesextent of the impact of COVID-19 to our prices and pricing policies could cause revenues to decline or be delayed as our sales force implements and our customers adjust to the new pricing policies. Some of our competitors bundle products for promotional purposes or as a long-term pricing strategy or provide guarantees of prices and product implementations. These practices could, over time, significantly constrain the prices that we can charge for our products. If we cannot offset price reductions with a corresponding increase in the number of sales or with lower spending, then the reduced revenues resulting from lower prices could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.

Our System Design Enablement strategy requires the development or acquisition of products and expertise in new areas of technology. Our inability to develop or acquire these capabilities could impede our ability to address the technical requirements in technology segments which are expected to contribute to our growth.
Our SDE strategy is meant to increase our business among electronic systems companies, which are now designing their own ICs in addition to the complete end products of which they are a part. SDE is also meant to increase our business among semiconductor companies, which are increasing their contribution to the end products into which their ICs are incorporated. Part of this strategy involves addressing the needs of new categories of electronic systems, such as augmented reality, virtual reality, internet-of-things, or IoT, deep learning and autonomous vehicle sub-systems, where increased investment is expected by our customers. Each of these categories requires technologies and expertise that are application-specific. If we are unable to develop or acquire the application-specific technologies and expertise necessary to address the requirements of these categories, it could impede our ability to expand our business in these categories and ultimately affect our future growth.business.
We have experienced varied operating results, and our operating results for any particular fiscal period are affected by the timing of revenue recognition, particularly for our emulation and prototyping hardware and IP products.
Various factors affect our operating results, and some of them are not within our control. Our operating results for any period are affected by the mix of products and services sold in a given period and the timing of revenue recognition, particularly for our emulation and prototyping hardware and IP products. In addition, we have recorded net losses in the past and may record net losses in the future. Also, our cash flows from operating activities have and will continue to fluctuate due to a number of factors, including the timing of our billings, collections, disbursements and tax payments.
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A substantial portion of the product revenue related to our hardware business and some of our IP offerings is recognized upon delivery, and our forecasted revenue results are based, in part, on our expectations of hardware and IP to be delivered in a particular quarter. Therefore, changes in hardware and IP bookings or deliveries (including disruptions caused by COVID-19) relative to expectations will have a more immediate impact on our revenue than changes in software or services bookings, for which revenue is generally recognized over time.
In recent years, we made significant investments to expand our IP offerings through, among other things, research and development and acquisitions. As we continue to expand our IP offerings, a portion of the revenue related to our IP bookings will be deferred until we complete and deliver the licensed IP to our customers. As a result, costs related to the research and development of the IP may be incurred prior to the recognition of the related revenue.
Revenue related to our hardware and IP products is inherently difficult to predict because sales of our hardware and IP products depend on the commencement of new projects for the design and development of complex ICs and systems by our customers, our customers’ willingness to expend capital to deploy our new and existing hardware or IP products in those projects and the availability of our new and existing hardware or IP products for delivery. Therefore, our hardware or IP sales may be delayed or may decrease if our customers delay or cancel projects because their spending is constrained or if there are problems or delays with the supply, delivery or deliveryinstallation of our hardware or IP products or our hardware suppliers. Moreover, the hardware and IP markets are highly competitive, and our customers may choose to purchase a competitor’s hardware or IP product based on cost, performance or other factors. These factors may result in lower revenue, which would have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or cash flows.
Our software license mix is such that aA substantial proportion of our software licenses result inyield revenue recognized over time, and we expect the license mix, combined with the modest growth in spending by our customers in the semiconductor sector,which may make it difficult for us to rapidly increase our revenue in future fiscal periods. The timing ofperiods, and means that a decrease in orders in a given period would negatively affect our revenue recognition may be deferred until payments become due and payable from customers with nonlinear payment terms or as cash is collected from customers with low credit ratings.revenues in future periods.
We plan our operating expenses based on forecasted revenue, expected business needs and other factors. These expenses and the effect of long-term commitments are relatively fixed in the short term. Bookings and the related revenue are harder to forecast in a difficult economic environment. If we experience a shortfall in bookings, our operating results could differ from our expectations because we may not be able to quickly reduce our expenses in response to short-term business changes.
The methods, estimates and judgments that we use in applying our accounting policies have a significant impact on our results of operations (see “Critical Accounting Estimates” under Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”). Such methods, estimates and judgments are, by their nature, subject to substantial risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and factors may arise over time that may lead us to change our methods, estimates and judgments. Changes in those methods, estimates and judgments could significantly affect our results of operations.
Historical results of operations should not be viewed as reliable indicators of our future performance. If our revenue, operating results or business outlook for future periods fall short of the levels expected by us, securities analysts or investors, the trading price of our common stock could decline.

Any periods of uncertainty in the global economy and international trade relations, changes in governmental policies relating to technology, and any potential downturn in the semiconductor and electronics industries, may negatively impact our business and reduce our bookings levels and revenue.
Purchases of our products and services are dependent upon the commencement of new design projects by IC manufacturers and electronics systems companies. The IC and electronics systems industries are cyclical and are characterized by constant and rapid technological change, rapid product obsolescence and price erosion, evolving standards, short product life cycles and wide fluctuations in product supply and demand.
The IC and electronics systems industries have also experienced significant downturns in connection with, or in anticipation of, maturing product cycles of both these industries’ and their customers’ products. Spending on our products and services has grown in recent years, but the current outlook for the global economy is uncertain and may result in a decrease in spending on our products and services.
Uncertainty about future political and economic conditions, adverse changes to international trade relationships between countries in which we do business or future decline in corporate or consumer spending could negatively impact our customers’ businesses, reducing the number of new chip designs and their overall research and development spending, including their spending on our products and services, and as a result decrease demand for our products and services. Decreased bookings for our products and services, customer bankruptcies, consolidation among our customers, or problems or delays with our hardware suppliers or with the supply or delivery of our hardware products could also adversely affect our ability to grow our business or adversely affect our future revenues and financial results. Our future business and financial results, including demand for our products and services, are subject to considerable uncertainty that could impact our stock price. If economic conditions or international trade relationships between countries in which we do business deteriorate in the future, or, in particular, if semiconductor or electronics systems industry revenues do not grow, including as a result of a sustained global semiconductor shortage, the ability to export or import products or services by the semiconductor or electronics systems industry is adversely restricted, or our supplies of hardware components and products are subject to problems or delays, our future revenues and financial results could be adversely affected.
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We are subject to governmental export and import controls that could subject us to liability or impair our ability to compete in global markets as well as a variety of other laws and regulations.
We must comply with regulations of the United States and of certain other countries in selling or shipping our products and transferring our technology outside the United States, to foreign nationals or across borders. Changes in these regulations or restrictions due to changes in trade relationships with the United States, including new tariffs, trade protection measures, import or export licensing requirements, sanctions, trade embargoes and other trade barriers, could harm our business, operating results or financial condition.
For example, beginning in fiscal 2019, the Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS”) of the U.S. Department of Commerce placed certain entities who are our customers on the “Entity List,” limiting our ability to deliver products and services to these entities. When certain customers are on the Entity List or are subject to new or expanded trade restrictions, such as the expansion of the scope of military end-users and military end-use by BIS in April 2020 and the foreign-produced direct product rules in August 2020, and in the absence of a license from the BIS, it will have a negative effect on our ability to sell products and provide services to these customers. In addition, new or expanded trade restrictions, such as the expansion of the military end-user, military end-use rule and the foreign-produced direct product rules, will increase our costs or expenses. Entity List restrictions and other trade restrictions will also encourage customers to seek substitute products from our competitors that are not subject to these restrictions or to develop their own solutions, thereby decreasing our long-term competitiveness. In addition, although customers are not prohibited from paying (and we are not restricted from collecting) for products we previously delivered to them, the credit risks associated with outstanding receivables from customers on the Entity List and other trade restrictions could increase as a result of these limitations. In particular, China’s stated national policy to be a global leader in all segments of the semiconductor industry by 2030 has resulted in and may continue to cause increased competitive capability in China.
We cannot predict whether or when any changes will be made that eliminate or decrease these limitations on our ability to sell products and provide services to these Entity List customers or other customers impacted by other trade restrictions. We are unable to predict the duration of the export restrictions imposed with respect to any particular customer or the long-term effects on our business or our customers’ business. Additionally, other companies may be added to the Entity List and/or be subject to new or expanded trade restrictions. In addition, there may be indirect impacts to our business which we cannot reasonably quantify, including that our business may also be impacted by other trade restrictions that may be imposed by the U.S., China, or other countries. Restrictions on our ability to sell and ship our products to customers on the Entity List have had, and may continue to have, an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.
Failure to obtain export licenses or restrictions on trade imposed by the United States or other countries could harm our business by rendering us unable to sell or ship products and transfer our technology outside of the United States or across borders. Although we have implemented policies and procedures to help us comply with all applicable trade restrictions, we and governmental authorities have had and may in the future have reason to inquire into particular sales. For example, in February 2021, we received an administrative subpoena from BIS requesting the production of records in connection with certain sales to China. We are cooperating with BIS and are in the process of responding to the subpoena as well as conducting an internal review. Such inquiries are subject to uncertainties and the outcomes of this and other proceedings that may occur are difficult to predict. The laws and policies of the United States and other countries in this area are evolving and changing, and we have experienced and may continue to experience challenges in complying with new rules as they become effective. Any failure or alleged failure to comply with these laws and policies could have negative consequences, including significant legal costs, government investigations, penalties, denial of export privileges and debarment from participation in U.S. government contracts, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, reputational harm and financial condition.
In addition to export control laws, our global operations are subject to numerous U.S. and foreign laws and regulations, including those related to anti-corruption, tax, corporate governance, financial and other disclosures, competition, data privacy and employment. These laws and regulations are complex and may have differing or conflicting legal standards, making compliance difficult and costly, and changes to these laws may require us to make significant changes to our business operations that may adversely affect our business overall. Although we have implemented policies and procedures to assist our compliance with these laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that our employees, contractors, agents or partners will not violate such laws and regulations. Any violation individually or in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on our operations, reputation and financial condition.
We have acquired and expect to acquire other companies and businesses and may not realize the expected benefits of these acquisitions.
We have acquired and expect to acquire other companies and businesses in order to expand our product offerings.offerings and enter into new markets. Our future revenue growth and expansion of our business is dependent on our successful integration of our acquisitions. We may incur significant costs in connection with potential transactions, including acquisitions that are not consummated. Potential and completed acquisitions involve a number of risks. If any of the following acquisition-related risks occur, our business, operating results or financial condition could be adversely impacted:
the failure to realize, or a delay in realizing, anticipated benefits such as cost savings and revenue enhancements;
overlapping customers and product sets that impact our ability to maintain revenue at historical rates;
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the failure to understand, compete and operate effectively in markets where we have limited experience;
the failure to integrate and manage acquired products, technologies and businesses effectively;
difficulties in integrating employees of an acquired company or business and the failure to retain key employees of the acquired company or business;employees;
difficulties in combining previously separate companies or businesses into a single unit;
the substantial diversion of management’s attention from day-to-day business when evaluating and negotiating these transactions and integrating an acquired company or business;
the discovery after completion of the acquisition, of unanticipated liabilities assumed from thean acquired company, business or assets, such that we cannot realize the anticipated value of the acquisition;
difficulties related to integrating the products and infrastructure of an acquired company or business in, for example, distribution, engineering, licensing models or customer support areas;
incurring costs to remediate issues of an acquired company discovered during due diligence or thereafter;
unanticipated costs; or
customer dissatisfaction with existing license agreements with us, possibly dissuadingunwillingness of customers fromof an acquired business to continue licensing or buying products acquired byfrom us afterfollowing the expiration date of the existing license.acquisition.
In a number of our completed acquisitions, we have agreed to make future payments, either in the form of employee retention bonuses or contingent purchase price payments, based on the performanceachievement of the acquired companies, businesses or the employees who joined us with the acquired companies or businesses.specified milestones. The performance goals pursuant to which these future payments may be made generally relate to the achievement by the acquired company or business, or by the employees who joined us with the acquired company or business, of certain specified bookings, revenue, run rate, product proliferation, product development or employee retention goals during a specified period following completion of the applicable acquisition. The specific performance goal levels and amounts and timing of employee bonuses or contingent purchase price payments vary with each acquisition. We may continue to use contingent purchase price payments in connection with acquisitions in the future and while we expect to derive value from an acquisition in excess of such contingent payment obligations, we may be required to make certain contingent payments without deriving the anticipated value.
Future acquisitions may involve issuances of stock as full or partial payment of the purchase price for the acquired company or business, grants of restricted stock, restricted stock units or stock options to employees of the acquired companies or businesses (which may be dilutive to existing stockholders), expenditure of substantial cash resources or the incurrence of a material amount of debt. These arrangements may impact our liquidity, financial position and results of operations or increase dilution of our stockholders’ equity interests in the company.
We have investedmake and expect to continue to invest in researchmake strategic investments and development efforts for new and existing products and technologies and technical sales support. Such investments may affect our operating results, and, ifnot realize the return onexpected benefits of these investments is lower or develops more slowly than we expect, our revenue and operating results may suffer.investments.
We have investedmade and expect to continue to investmake strategic investments in researchwhich we have a minority equity interest and development for new and existing products, technologies and services in response to our customers’ increasing technological requirements. Suchdo not have operational control. These strategic investments may be in related areas, such as technical sales support. These investments mayalso involve significant time, riskscollaboration agreements that further and uncertainties, including the risk that the expenses associated with these investments may affectcomplement our marginsstrategy and operating results and that such investments may not generate sufficient revenues to offset liabilities assumed and expenses associated with these new investments.marketing efforts. We believe that we must continue to invest a significant amount of time and resources in our research and development efforts and technical sales support to maintain and improve our competitive position. If we do not achieve the benefits anticipated from these investments, if the achievement of these benefits is delayed, or if a potential slowdown in “Moore’s Law” occurs, which may reduce or slow the need for customers to upgrade or enhance their EDA products and design flows, our revenue and operating results may be adversely affected.

The competition in our industries is substantial, and we may not be able to continue to successfully compete in our industries.
The EDA industry,realize the commercial electronics engineering services industryexpected benefits of these investments, and the IP industry are highly competitive. If we failrelated collaborations may be difficult to compete successfullymanage without sole decision-making authority and the economic or business interests in these industries, itcollaborations may become inconsistent with our interests. These challenges could seriously harmhave an adverse effect on our business, operating results or financial condition. To compete in these industries, we must identify
The accounting applied to strategic investments depends on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, our percentage of ownership and develop or acquire innovative and cost-competitive EDA products, integrate them into platforms and market them in a timely manner. We may not be able to compete successfully in these industries. Factors that could affect our ability to compete successfully include:
the development by others of competitive EDA products or platforms and engineering services, possibly resulting in a shift of customer preferences away from our products and services and significantly decreased revenue;
aggressive pricing competition by somelevel of our competitors may cause us to lose our competitive position, which could result in lower revenuesinfluence over the entity. Losses experienced by these strategic investment entities or profitability andassociated impairment charges could adversely impact our ability to realizeoperating results and the revenue and profitability forecasts for our software or emulation and prototyping hardware systems products;
the challenges of advanced node design may lead some customers to work with more mature, less risky manufacturing processes that may reduce their need to upgrade or enhance their EDA products and design flows;
the challenges of developing (or acquiring externally developed) technology solutions, including hardware and IP offerings, that are adequate and competitive in meeting the rapidly evolving requirements of next-generation design challenges;
intense competition to attract acquisition targets, possibly making it more difficult for us to acquire companies or technologies at an acceptable price, or at all;
the low cost of entry in EDA;
the combinationvalue of our EDA competitors or collaboration among many EDA companies to deliver more comprehensive offerings than they could individually;investment. In addition, if these entities fail and
decisions by electronics manufacturers to perform engineering services or IP development internally, rather than purchase these services from outside vendors due to budget constraints or excess engineering capacity.
We compete in EDA most frequently with Synopsys, Inc. cease operations, we may lose the value of our investment and Mentor Graphics Corporation, which was acquired by Siemens AG, but also with numerous other EDA providers (such as Ansys, Inc., Zuken Ltd. and many others offering “point solutions”), with manufacturers of electronic devices that have developed, acquired or have the capability to develop their own EDA products, and with numerous electronics design and consulting companies. In the area of design IP, we compete with Synopsys, Inc., CEVA, Inc. and numerous other IP companies.shared profits.
The effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations may adversely impact our revenue, expenses, cash flows and financial condition.
We have significant operations outside the United States. Our revenue from international operations as a percentage of total revenue was approximately 57% and 56% during the threesix months ended September 30, 2017July 3, 2021 and October 1, 2016, respectively.58% for the six months ended June 27, 2020. We expect that revenue from our international operations will continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenue. We also transact business in various foreign currencies.currencies, although the majority of our revenue contracts worldwide are denominated in U.S. dollars. Volatility of currencies in countries where we conduct business, most notably the U.S. dollar, Chinese renminbi, Japanese yen, European Union euro, British pound and Indian rupee have had and may in the future have an effect on our revenue or operating results.
Fluctuations in the rate of exchange between the U.S. dollar and the currencies of other countries where we conduct business could seriously affect our business, operating results or financial condition. For example, whenif we price our products and services in a foreign currency, we receive fewer U.S. dollars when this currency declines in value relative to the U.S. dollar, it takes more of the foreign currency to purchase the same amount of U.S. dollars than before the change. If we price our products and services in the foreign currency, we receive fewer U.S. dollars than we did before the change.dollar. If we price our products and services in U.S. dollars, the decrease in value of thea local currency results in an increase in the price for our products and services compared to those products of our competitors that are priced in localthis currency. This could result in our prices being uncompetitive in markets where business is transacted in the local currency. On the other hand, when a foreign currency increases in value relative to the U.S. dollar, it takes more U.S. dollars to purchase the same amount of the foreign currency. As we use the foreign currency to fund payroll costs and other operating expenses in our international operations, this results in an increase in operating expenses. Approximately 30%32% of our total costs and expenses are transacted in foreign currencies. Our attempts to reduce the effect of foreign currency fluctuations may be unsuccessful, and significant exchange rate movements may adversely impact our results of operations as expressed in U.S. dollars.

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Our operating results could be adversely affected by an increase in our effective tax rate as a result of tax law changes, outcomes of current or future tax examinations, or by material differences between our forecasted and actual effective tax rates.

Our operations are subject to income and transaction taxes in the United States and in multiple foreign jurisdictions, with a significant amount of our foreign earnings generated by our subsidiaries organized in Ireland and Hungary. Any significant change in our future effective tax rates could adversely impact our results of operations for future periods. Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by the following:
changes in tax laws or the interpretation of such tax laws in the United States, Ireland, Hungary, the United Kingdom, China, Republic of Korea, India or other international locations where we have operations;
earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we are taxed at lower rates as compared to the United States federal and state statutory tax rates;
an increase in expenses not deductible for tax purposes;
changes in tax benefits from stock-based compensation;
changes in the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets;
changes in judgment from the evaluation of new information that results in a recognition, derecognition or change in measurement of a tax position taken in a prior period;
increases to interest or penalty expenses classified in the financial statements as income taxes;
new accounting standards or interpretations of such standards;
a change in our decision to indefinitely reinvest foreign earnings outside the United States; or
results of examinations by the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, state, and foreign tax or other governmental authorities.
The IRS and other tax authorities regularly examine our income tax returns and other non-income tax returns, such as payroll, sales, use, value-added, net worth or franchise, property, goods and services, consumption, import, stamp, and excise taxes, in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions. The calculation of our provision for income taxes and our accruals for other taxes requires us to use significant judgment and involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. In determining the adequacy of our provision for income taxes, we regularly assess the potential settlement outcomes resulting from income tax examinations. However, the final outcome of tax examinations, including the total amount payable or the timing of any such payments upon resolution of these issues, cannot be estimated with certainty. In addition, we cannot be certain that such amount will not be materially different from the amount that is reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals for other taxes. Should the IRS or other tax authorities assess additional taxes, penalties or interest as a result of a current or a future examination, we may be required to record charges to operations in future periods that could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows in the applicable period or periods.
Forecasts of our annual effective tax rate are complex and subject to uncertainty because our income tax position for each year combines the effects of estimating our annual income or loss, the mix of profits and losses earned by us and our subsidiaries in tax jurisdictions with a broad range of income tax rates, as well as benefits from available deferred tax assets, the impact of various accounting rules and results of tax audits. Forecasts of our annual effective tax rate do not include the anticipation of future tax law changes. In addition, we account for certain tax benefits from stock-based compensation in the period the stock compensation is settled, which may cause increased variability in our quarterly effective tax rates. If there were a material difference between forecasted and actual tax rates, then it could have a material impact on our results of operations.
Tax laws, regulations, and enforcement practices are evolving and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position.
Tax laws, regulations, and administrative practices in various jurisdictions are evolving and may be subject to significant changes due to economic, political, and other conditions. There are many transactions that occur during the ordinary course of business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain, and significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our provision and accruals for these taxes. Governments are increasingly focused on ways to increase tax revenues, particularly from multinational corporations, which may lead to an increase in audit activity and harsher positions taken by tax authorities. We are currently subject to tax audits in various jurisdictions, including Germany, India, Israel and the Republic of Korea, and these jurisdictions may assess additional tax liabilities against us.

The current U.S. administration and certain members of Congress have made public statements indicating that corporate tax reform is a priority. Changes to U.S. tax laws could materially affect the tax treatment of our domestic and foreign earnings. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, an international association of 34 countries, including the United States, released the final reports from its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, or BEPS, Action Plans, which aim to standardize and modernize global tax policies. The BEPS Action Plans propose revisions to numerous tax rules, including country-by-country reporting, permanent establishment, hybrid entities and instruments, transfer pricing, and tax treaties. The BEPS Action Plans have been or are being enacted by countries where we have operations. The European Commission has conducted investigations in multiple countries focusing on whether local country tax rulings provide preferential tax treatment that violates European Union state aid rules and concluded that certain countries, including Ireland, have provided illegal state aid in certain cases.
Developments in relevant tax laws, regulations, administrative practices and enforcement practices could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows, including the need to obtain additional financing.
Our stock price has been subject to fluctuations and may continue to be subject to fluctuations.
The market price of our common stock has experienced fluctuations and may fluctuate or decline in the future, and as a result you could lose the value of your investment. The market price of our common stock may be affected by a number of factors, including:
quarterly or annual operating or financial results or forecasts that fail to meet or are inconsistent with earlier projections or the expectations of our securities analysts or investors;
changes in our forecasted bookings, revenue, earnings or operating cash flow estimates;
an increase in our debt or other liabilities;
market conditions in the IC, electronics systems and semiconductor industries;
announcements of a restructuring plan;
changes in management;
repurchases of shares of our common stock or changes to plans to repurchase shares of our common stock;
a gain or loss of a significant customer or market segment share;
litigation; and
announcements of new products or acquisitions of new technologies by us, our competitors or our customers.
In addition, equity markets in general, and the equities of technology companies in particular, have experienced and may experience in the future, extreme price and volume fluctuations due to, among other factors, the actions of market participants or other actions outside of our control. Such price and volume fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock for reasons unrelated to our business or operating results.
Our future revenue is dependent in part upon our installed customer base continuing to license or buy products and purchase services.
Our installed customer base has traditionally generated additional new license, service and maintenance revenues. In future periods, customers may not necessarily license or buy additional products or contract for additional services or maintenance. Our customers, many of which are large semiconductor and systems companies, often have significant bargaining power in negotiations with us. Customer consolidation can reduce the total level of purchases of our software, hardware, IP and services, and in some cases, increase customers’ bargaining power in negotiations with their suppliers, including us.
We could suffer serious harm to our business because of the infringement of our intellectual property rights by third parties or because of our infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties.parties, as well as any associated efforts to enforce such rights, including through intellectual property litigation.
There are numerous patents relating to our business and ecosystem. New patents are being issued at a rapid rate and are owned by EDAcomputational software companies as well as entities and individuals outside the EDA industry,computational software field, including parties whose income is primarily derived from infringement-related licensing and litigation. It is not always practicable or possible to determine in advance whether a product or any of its components infringes the patent rights of others. As a result, from time to time, we may be compelled to respond to or prosecute intellectual property infringement claims to protect our rights or defend a customer’s rights.
Intellectual property infringement claims, including contractual defense reimbursement obligations related to third-party claims against our customers, regardless of merit, could consume valuable management time, result in costly litigation or cause product shipment delays, all of which could seriously harm our business, operating results or financial condition. The risk of infringement and related indemnification claims associated with design IP products that are incorporated into a customer product broadly used by consumers may be higher than the risk associated with our software products. In settling these claims, we may be required to enter into royalty or licensing agreements with the third parties claiming infringement. These royalty or licensing agreements, if available, may not have terms favorable to us. Being compelled to enter into a license agreement with unfavorable terms could seriously harm our business, operating results or financial condition.
Any potential intellectual property litigation could compel us to do one or more of the following:

pay damages (including the potential for treble damages), license fees or royalties (including royalties for past periods) to the party claiming infringement;;
stop licensing products or providing services that use the challenged intellectual property;
obtain a license from the owner of the infringed intellectual property to sell or use the relevant technology, which license may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all; or
redesign the challenged technology, which could be time consuming and costly, or impossible.
If we were compelled to take any of these actions, our business, reputation or operating results maymight suffer.
If our security measures are breached or vulnerabilities are discovered in our products and services, and an unauthorized party obtains access to customer data, financial data or assets or our proprietary business information, our information systems and products and services may be perceived as being unsecure, whichwe could experience business or financial harm, and our business and reputation.reputation could be harmed.
Our products and services involve thestorage, including cloud-based storage, and transmission of our proprietary information and that of our customers. We have offices throughout the world, including key research and development facilities outside of the United States. Our operations are dependent upon the connectivity of our operations throughout the world. Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure, as well as our products and services, may be vulnerable to cyber attacks by unauthorized third parties (which may include nation-states and individuals sponsored by them) or breached,breaches due to employee error, malfeasance or other vulnerabilities or disruptions, which could result in unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information and could significantly interfere with our business operations.operations or those of our customers. Third parties attempt to gain unauthorized access through a variety of methods (such as the use of viruses, malware, ransomware, phishing, denial of service attacks and other cyber attacks) and corrupt the processes of the products and services that we provide. We may also be a target of malicious attacks in an attempt to gain access to our network, including our Cadence Cloud portfolio, which includes both our managed and customer-managed environments, or data centers or those of our customers or end users; steal proprietary information related to our business, products, services or infrastructure; steal financial data or assets or interrupt our systems and services or those of our customers or others. Breaches of our security measures or vulnerabilities in our products or services could expose us to a risk of loss or misuse of this information, loss of financial assets, business interruption, litigation and potential liability. Because techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage information systems change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventive measures. Furthermore, we have and may continue to acquire companies with less sophisticated security measures and that have had or may experience in the future cybersecurity incidents causing business or financial harm. In addition, if we select a vendor that uses cybercloud storage of information as part of their service or product offerings or are selected as a vendor for our Cadence Cloud portfolio, despite our attempts to validate the security of such services, our proprietary information may be misappropriated by third parties. In the event of an actual or perceived breach of our security, or the security of one of our vendors, the market perception of the effectiveness of our security measures could be harmed, legal or regulatory actions could be initiated against us and we could suffer damage to our reputation or our business, or lose existing customers and our ability to obtain new customers.customers (including government customers), or suffer harm to our financial condition.
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Risks associated with our international operations could adversely impact our financial condition.
A significant amount of our revenue is derived from our international operations, and we have offices throughout the world, including key research and development facilities outside of the United States. Our international operations may be subject to a number of risks, including:
shifts in political, trade or other policies resulting from the results of certain elections or votes, such as changes in policies pursued by the United States, and the United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the European Union;
the adoption or expansion of government trade restrictions, including tariffs, andexport or import regulations, sanctions or other trade barriers;barriers, including licensing requirements for exports, which may lengthen the sales cycle or restrict or prohibit the sale or licensing of certain products;
limitations on repatriation of earnings;
limitationsearnings and on the conversion of foreign currencies;
reduced protection of intellectual property rights in some countries;and heightened exposure to intellectual property theft;
performance of national economies;
longer collection periods for receivables and greater difficulty in collecting accounts receivable;
difficulties in managing foreign operations;
political and economic instability;
unexpected changes in regulatory requirements;
inability to continue to offer competitive compensation in certain growing regions;
differing employment practices and labor issues;
United States’ and other governments’ licensing requirements for exports, which may lengthen the sales cycle or restrict or prohibit the sale or licensing of certain products; and
variations in costs or expenses associated with our international operations, including as a result of changes in foreign tax laws or devaluation of the U.S. dollar relative to other foreign currencies.currencies; and

public health emergencies, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent public health measures, including restrictions on travel between jurisdictions in which we and our customers and suppliers operate.
Some of our international research and development and other facilities are in parts of the world where there may be a greater risk of business interruption as a result of political instability, terrorist acts or military conflicts than businesses located domestically. Furthermore, this potential harm is exacerbated because damage to or disruptions at our international research and development facilities could have a more significant adverse effect on our ability to develop new or improve existing products than other businesses that may only have sales offices or other less critical operations abroad. We are not insured for losses or interruptions caused by acts of war. Furthermore, our operations are dependent upon the connectivity of our operations throughout the world. Activities that interfere with our international connectivity or operations, such as cyber hacking, the introduction of a virus into our computer systems, natural disasters, public health emergencies, civil unrest or terrorism, could significantly interfere with our business operations.
In addition, internal controls, policies and procedures and employee training and compliance programs that we have implemented to deter prohibited practices may not prevent our employees, contractors or agents from violating or circumventing our policies and the laws and regulations applicable to our worldwide operations.
We depend upon our management team and key employees, and our failure to attract, train, motivate and retain management and key employees may make us less competitive and therefore harm our results of operations.
Our business depends upon the continued services, efforts and abilities of our senior management and other key employees. Competition for highly skilled executive officers and employees can be intense, particularly in geographic areas recognized as high technology centers such as the Silicon Valley area, where our principal offices are located, and in other locations where we maintain facilities. In addition, competition for qualified personnel, including software engineers, in the EDA, commercial electronics engineering services and IP industries has intensified. Further, increased uncertainty regarding social, political and immigration policies in the United States and abroad may make it difficult to recruit employees with adequate experience; and governmental policies resulting in increased funding of domestic technology companies, such as China’s stated national policy to be a global leader in all segments of the semiconductor industry by 2030, has caused and may continue to cause difficulty in retaining and attracting local talent. We may also experience increased compensation costs that are not offset by either improved productivity or higher sales. We may not be successful in recruiting new personnel and in training, retaining and motivating existing personnel. Our ability to do so also depends on how well we maintain a strong workplace culture that is attractive to employees, particularly as we transition employees back to the office, and hiring and training of new employees may be adversely impacted by global economic uncertainty and office closures. From time to time, there may be changes in our management team resulting from the hiring and departure of executive officers, and as a result, we may experience disruption to our business that may harm our operating results and our relationships with our employees, customers and suppliers may be adversely affected.
To attract, retain and motivate individuals with the requisite expertise, we may be required to grant large numbers of stock options or other stock-based incentive awards, which may be dilutive to existing stockholders and increase compensation expense, and pay significant base salaries and cash bonuses, which could harm our operating results. The high cost of training new employees, not fully utilizing these employees, or losing trained employees to competing employers could also reduce our operating margins and harm our business or operating results.
In addition, applicable rules and regulations require stockholder approval for new equity compensation plans and significant amendments to existing equity compensation plans (including increases in shares available for issuance under such plans), and prohibit publicly-traded companies from giving a proxy to vote on equity compensation plans unless the beneficial owner of the shares has given voting instructions. These rules and regulations could make it more difficult for us to grant equity compensation to employees in the future. To the extent that these regulations make it more difficult or expensive to grant equity compensation to employees, we may incur increased compensation costs or find it difficult to attract, retain and motivate employees, which could materially and adversely affect our business.
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We rely on our proprietary technology, as well as software and other intellectual property rights licensed to us by third parties, and we cannot assure you that the precautions taken to protect our rights will be adequate or that we will continue to be able to adequately secure such intellectual property rights from third parties.
Our success depends, in part, upon our proprietary technology. We generally rely on patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets, licenses and restrictive agreements to establish and protect our proprietary rights in technology and products. Despite the precautions we may take to protect our intellectual property, third parties have tried in the past, and may try in the future, to challenge, invalidate or circumvent these safeguards. Our patents and other intellectual property rights may not provide us with sufficient competitive advantages. Patents may not be issued on any of our pending applications and our issued patents may not be sufficiently broad to protect our technology. Furthermore, the laws of foreign countries may not protect our proprietary rights in those countries to the same extent as applicable law protects these rights in the United States.States, and we may encounter difficulties in our attempts to protect our intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions, including as a result of impacts from changes in international trade relationships. The protection of our intellectual property may require the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. Moreover, the steps we take to protect our intellectual property may not adequately protect our rights, or deter or prevent third parties from infringing or misappropriating our proprietary rights.
Many of our products include software or other intellectual property licensed from third parties. We may have to seek new or renew existing licenses for such software and other intellectual property in the future. Our engineering services business holds licenses to certain software and other intellectual property owned by third parties, including that of our competitors. Our failure to obtain software, other intellectual property licenses or other intellectual property rights that are necessary or helpful for our business on favorable terms, or our need to engage in litigation over these licenses or rights, could seriously harm our business, operating results or financial condition.

We have substantial cash requirements in the United States, but a significant portion of our cash is held and generated outside of the United States, and if our cash available in the United States and the cash available under our revolving credit facility areis insufficient to meet our operating expenses and debt repayment obligations in the United States, then we may be required to raise cash in ways that could negatively affect our financial condition, results of operations and the market price of our common stock.
We have significant operations outside the United States. As of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, approximately 73%61% of our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments balance was held by subsidiaries outside the United States, with the remainder of the balance held by us or our subsidiaries in the United States. WeWhile we believe that the combination of our current U.S. cash and cash equivalents, future U.S. operating cash flows cash available under our revolving credit facility and other cash that may be accessible to us on attractive terms are sufficient to meet our ongoing U.S. operating expenses and debt repayment obligations. However,obligations, we cannot accurately predict the full impact that COVID-19 may have on our cash flows. In addition, although the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) may have reduced the tax impact of repatriation of foreign earnings, there are still administrative processes associated with repatriation of foreign earnings that could affect the timing of returning cash to the U.S. from non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, if these sources ofour U.S. cash were insufficient to meet our future funding obligations in the United States, we could be required to seek funding sources on less attractive terms, which could negatively impact our results of operations, financial position and the market price of our common stock.
The long sales cycle of our products and services may cause our operating results to fluctuate unexpectedly.
Generally, we have a long sales cycle that can extend up to six months or longer. The complexity and expense associated with our products and services generally require a lengthy customer education, evaluation and approval process. Consequently, we may incur substantial expenses and devote significant management effort and expense to develop potential relationships that do not result in agreements or revenue and may prevent us from pursuing other opportunities.
In addition, sales of our products and services have been and may in the future be delayed if customers delay approval or commencement of projects because of:
the timing of customers’ competitive evaluation processes; or
customers’ budgetary constraints and budget cycles.
Long sales cycles for hardware products subject us to a number of significant risks over which we have limited control, including insufficient, excess or obsolete inventory, variations in inventory valuation and fluctuations in quarterly operating results.
Our restructuring plans incur substantial costs and may not result in the benefits we have anticipated, possibly having a negative effect on our future operating results.
In recent fiscal years, we have initiated restructuring plans in an effort to better align our resources with our business strategy. We incur substantial costs to implement restructuring plans, and our restructuring activities may subject us to reputational risks and litigation risks and expenses. Our past restructuring plans do not provide any assurance that we will realize anticipated cost savings and other benefits or that additional restructuring plans will not be required or implemented in the future. In addition, our restructuring plans may have other consequences, such as attrition beyond our planned reduction in workforce, a negative effect on employee morale and productivity or our ability to attract highly skilled employees. Our competitors may also use our restructuring plans to seek to gain a competitive advantage over us. As a result, our restructuring plans may affect our revenue and other operating results in the future.
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The investment of our cash is subject to risks that may cause losses and affect the liquidity of these investments.
Our marketable investments include various money market funds and may include other investments as well. Weakened financial markets have at times adversely impacted the general credit, liquidity, market prices and interest rates for these and other types of investments. Additionally, changes in monetary policy by the Federal Open Market Committee or other relevant regulators and concerns about the rising U.S. government debt level may cause a decrease in the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar and adversely affect our investment portfolio. The financial market and monetary risks associated with our investment portfolio may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, results of operations or cash flows.
Our business is subject to the risk of natural disasters.
Our corporate headquarters, including certain of our research and development operations and certain of our distribution facilities, is located in the Silicon Valley area of Northern California, a region known to experience seismic activity and wildfires. If significant seismic activity or wildfires were to occur or reoccur, our operations may be interrupted, which could adversely impact our business and results of operations.
Our offices in the United States and in other countries around the world may also be adversely impacted by natural disasters, including fires, earthquakes, extreme temperatures, droughts, flooding and other climate change-related risks, or actions by utility providers, as well as other catastrophic events such as an actual or threatened public health emergency. If a catastrophic event occurs at or near any of our offices, or utility providers or public health officials take certain actions (e.g., shut off power to our facilities or impose travel restrictions), our operations may be interrupted, which could adversely impact our business and results of operations. If a catastrophic event impacts a significant number of our customers, resulting in decreased demand for their and our products, or our ability to provide services and maintenance to our customers, our business and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
Risks Related to Customers, Suppliers and Industry Competition
Customer consolidation could affect our operating results.
There has been a trend toward customer consolidation in the semiconductor industry through business combinations, including mergers, asset acquisitions and strategic partnerships. If this trend continues, it could make us more dependent on fewer customers who may be able to exert increased pressure on our prices and other contract terms and could increase the portion of our total sales concentration for any single customer. Customer consolidation activity could also reduce the demand for our products and services if such customers streamline research and development or operations, reduce purchases or delay purchasing decisions. These outcomes could negatively impact our operating results and financial condition.
Our failure to respond quickly to technological developments or customers’ increasing technological requirements and to continue to develop or acquire technological capabilities could make our products uncompetitive and obsolete and impede our ability to address the requirements in technology segments that are expected to contribute to our growth.
Our strategy is designed to increase our business among electronic systems companies, which are now developing their own ICs and other electronic subsystems. Our strategy is also intended to increase our business among semiconductor companies, which are increasing their contribution to the end products into which their ICs and other electronic subsystems are incorporated. Part of this strategy involves addressing the needs across a variety of vertical markets including consumer, hyperscale computing, mobile, 5G communications, automotive, aerospace and defense, industrial and healthcare, where increased investment is expected by our customers. Each of these markets require technologies, expertise, and marketing and operations infrastructure that are application-specific. Our inability to develop or acquire these application-specific capabilities, it could impede our ability to expand our business in these categories and ultimately affect our future growth. Currently, the industries we serve are experiencing the following trends:
changes in the design and manufacturing of ICs, including migration to advanced-process nodes and three-dimensional transistors, such as FinFETs, present major challenges to the semiconductor industry, particularly in IC design, design automation, design of manufacturing equipment, and the manufacturing process itself. With migration to advanced-process nodes, the industry must adapt to more complex physics and manufacturing challenges, such as the need to draw features on silicon that are many times smaller than the wavelength of light used to draw the features via lithography. Models of each component’s electrical properties and behavior also become more complex as do requisite analysis, design, verification and manufacturing capabilities. Novel design tools and methodologies must be invented and enhanced quickly to remain competitive in the design of electronics in the smallest nanometer ranges;
the ability to design SoCs increases the complexity of managing a design that, at the lowest level, is represented by billions of shapes on fabrication masks. In addition, SoCs typically incorporate microprocessors and DSPs that are programmed with software, requiring simultaneous design of the IC and the related software embedded on the IC;
with the availability of seemingly endless gate capacity, there is an increase in design reuse, or the combining of off-the-shelf design IP with custom logic to create ICs or SoCs. The unavailability of a broad range of high-quality design IP (including our own) that can be reliably incorporated into a customer’s design with our software products and services could lead to reduced demand for our products and services;
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increased technological capability of the FPGA logic chip, which creates an alternative to IC implementation for some companies and could reduce demand for our IC implementation products and services;
a growing number of low-cost engineering service businesses could reduce the need for some IC companies to invest in EDA products;
adoption of cloud computing technologies with accompanying new engagement models for an increasing number of software categories may impact our business;
integration and optimization of solutions for system design with core EDA technologies could result in reduced demand for our broad portfolio;
with Moore's Law slowing, the trend towards on-chip integration could change the required product mix and impact the need for system-on-chip integration; and
changing end-user dynamics in our eight target technology verticals - consumer, hyperscale computing, mobile, 5G communications, automotive, aerospace and defense, industrial and healthcare - could advance the need from simple ICs to repatriate dividendsfull-system design and analysis capabilities that require increasingly complex computational software-based solutions.
If we are unable to respond quickly and successfully to these trends, we may lose our competitive position, and our products or technologies may become obsolete. To compete successfully, we must develop, acquire or license new products and improve our existing products and processes on a schedule that keeps pace with technological developments and the requirements for products addressing a broad spectrum of designers and designer expertise in our industries. We must provide frequent and relevant updates to our software products in order to provide substantial benefit to the customer throughout the license periods because of the rapid changes in our customers’ industries. The market must also accept our new and improved products. Our hardware platforms must be enhanced periodically to reduce the likelihood that a competitor surpasses the capabilities we offer. Our introduction of new products could reduce the demand and revenue of our older products or affect their pricing. We must also be able to support a range of changing computer software, hardware platforms and customer preferences. A transition by our customers to different business models associated with cloud computing technologies could result in reduced revenue. We cannot guarantee that we will be successful in keeping pace with all, or any, of the customer trends.
We have invested and expect to continue to invest in research and development efforts for new and existing products and technologies and technical sales support. Such investments may affect our operating results, and, if the return on these investments is lower or develops more slowly than we expect, our revenue and operating results may suffer.
We have invested and expect to continue to invest in research and development for new and existing products, technologies and services in response to our customers’ increasing technological requirements. Such investments may be in related areas, such as technical sales support, and may include increases in employee headcount. These investments may involve significant time, risks and uncertainties, including the risk that the expenses associated with these investments may affect our margins and operating results and that such investments may not generate sufficient revenues to offset liabilities assumed and expenses associated with these new investments. We believe that we must continue to invest a significant amount of time and resources in our research and development efforts and technical sales support to maintain and improve our competitive position. If we do not achieve the benefits anticipated from foreign operations,these investments, if the achievement of these benefits is delayed, or if customers reduce or slow the need to upgrade or enhance their computational software products and design flows, our revenue and operating results may be adversely affected.
Our operating results and revenue could be adversely affected by customer payment delays, customer bankruptcies and defaults or modifications of licenses.
Our customers have and may continue to face challenging financial or operating conditions, including due to macroeconomic conditions or catastrophic events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and delay or default on their payment commitments to us, request to modify contract terms, or modify or cancel plans to license our products. Our customers’ inability to fulfill payment commitments, in turn, could adversely affect our revenue, operating expenses and cash flow. Additionally, our customers have, in the past, sought, and may, in the future, seek, to renegotiate pre-existing contractual commitments. Payment defaults by our customers or significant reductions in existing contractual commitments could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
Competitive pressures may require us to reduce our pricing, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
The highly competitive markets in which we do business can put pressure on us to reduce the prices of our software, emulation and prototyping hardware and IP. If our competitors offer significant discounts on certain products in an effort to recapture or gain market share or to sell other software or hardware products, we may then need to lower our prices or offer other favorable terms to compete successfully. Any such changes would be likely to reduce our profit margins and could adversely affect our operating results. Any substantial changes to our prices and pricing policies could cause revenues to decline or be delayed as our sales force implements and our customers adjust to the new pricing policies. Some of our competitors bundle products for promotional purposes or as a long-term pricing strategy or provide guarantees of prices and product implementations. These practices could, over time, significantly constrain the prices that we can charge for our products.
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The competition in our industries is substantial, and we may not be able to continue to compete successfully in our industries.
The industries in which we do business, including software, hardware, IP and services for enabling the design of electronic products, are highly competitive and require us to identify and develop or acquire innovative and cost-competitive products, integrate them into platforms and market them in a timely manner. We may not be able to compete successfully in these industries, which could seriously harm our business, operating results or financial condition. Factors that could affect our ability to compete successfully include:
the development by others of competitive products or platforms and engineering services, possibly resulting in a shift of customer preferences away from our products and services and significantly decreased revenue;
aggressive pricing competition by some of our competitors may cause us to lose our competitive position, which could result in lower revenues or profitability and could adversely impact our ability to realize the revenue and profitability forecasts for our software or emulation and prototyping hardware systems products;
the challenges of advanced-node design may lead some customers to work with more mature, less risky manufacturing processes that may reduce their need to upgrade or enhance their EDA products and design flows;
the challenges of developing (or acquiring externally developed) technology solutions that are adequate and competitive in meeting the rapidly evolving requirements of next-generation design challenges;
intense competition to attract acquisition targets, possibly making it more difficult for us to acquire companies or technologies at an acceptable price, or at all;
new entrants, including larger electronic systems companies, in our industry;
the combination of our competitors or collaboration among many companies to deliver more comprehensive offerings than they could individually;
decisions by electronics manufacturers to perform engineering services or IP development internally, rather than purchase these services from outside vendors due to budget constraints or excess engineering capacity; and
actions by regulators to limit the contractual terms that either we or our customers can apply to product and service offerings.
We compete most frequently with Synopsys, Inc., Siemens EDA, and ANSYS, Inc., and also with numerous other tools providers, electronics device manufacturers with their own EDA capabilities, technical or computational software companies, electronics design and consulting companies, and other IP companies. These include U.S. based companies such as Keysight Technologies, Inc. and CEVA, Inc., and foreign companies such as Altium Limited (Australia), Zuken Ltd. (Japan), and emerging competitors in China like Huada Empyrean, Xpeedic, X-EPIC, Primarius and Giga-DA.
Our future revenue is dependent in part upon our installed customer base continuing to license or buy products and purchase services.
Our installed customer base has traditionally generated additional new license, services and maintenance revenues. In future periods, customers may not necessarily license or buy additional products or contract for additional services or maintenance. Our customers, many of which are large semiconductor and systems companies, often have significant bargaining power in negotiations with us. Customer consolidation can reduce the total level of purchases of our software, hardware, IP and services, and in some cases, increase customers’ bargaining power in negotiations with their suppliers, including us.
We depend on a single supplier or a limited number of suppliers for certain hardware components and contract manufacturers for production of our emulation and prototyping hardware products, making us vulnerable to supply disruption and price fluctuation.
Our reliance on single or a limited number of suppliers and contract manufacturers for certain hardware components and contract manufacturers for production of our emulation and prototyping hardware products could result in product delivery problems and delays and reduced control over product pricing and quality. Though we prefer to have multiple sources to procure certain key components, in some cases it is not practical or feasible to do so. We may suffer a disruption in the supply of certain hardware components if we are unable to purchase sufficient components on a timely basis or at all for any reason. Any supply or manufacturing disruption, including delay in delivery of components by our suppliers or products by our manufacturers, or the bankruptcy, shutdown or upstream supply chain issues of our suppliers or manufacturers, could delay our production process and prevent us from delivering completed hardware products to customers or from supplying new evaluation units to customers, which could have a negative impact on our revenue and operating results. For example, the global semiconductor shortage in 2021 has and may continue to negatively affectimpact multiple segments of the semiconductor industry, including our customers.
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Tax, Regulatory and Litigation Risks
Our results could be adversely affected by an increase in our effective tax rate as a result of U.S. and foreign tax law changes, outcomes of current or future tax examinations, or by material differences between our forecasted and actual effective tax rates.
Tax laws, regulations, and administrative practices in various jurisdictions are evolving and may be subject to significant changes due to economic, political and other conditions including the fiscal impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Governments, including the United States, are increasingly focused on ways to increase tax revenues, particularly from multinational corporations, which may lead to changes in tax laws, an increase in audit activity and harsher positions taken by tax authorities. We are currently subject to tax audits in various jurisdictions and these jurisdictions may assess additional tax liabilities against us.
Our operations are subject to income and transaction taxes in the United States and in multiple foreign jurisdictions, with a significant amount of our foreign earnings generated by our subsidiaries organized in Ireland and Hungary. Any significant change in our future effective tax rates could adversely impact our results of operations, cash flows and financial position. Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by factors that include, but are not limited to, mandatory capitalization of research and development expenses beginning in fiscal 2022, changes in tax laws or the interpretation of such tax laws in jurisdictions in which we have business activity, earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions with low statutory tax rates, changes in tax benefits from stock-based compensation, changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in our recognition or measurement of a tax position taken in a prior period, increases to interest or penalty expenses, new accounting standards or interpretations of such standards, or results of examinations by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), state, and foreign tax or other governmental authorities.
The IRS and other tax authorities regularly examine our income tax returns and other non-income tax returns, such as payroll, sales, use, value-added, net worth or franchise, property, goods and services, consumption, import, stamp, and excise taxes, in both the United States and foreign jurisdictions. The calculation of our provision for income taxes and our accruals for other taxes requires us to use significant judgment and involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. In determining the adequacy of our provision for income taxes, we regularly assess the potential settlement outcomes resulting from income tax examinations. However, the final outcome of tax examinations cannot be estimated with certainty and could be materially different from the amount that is reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals for other taxes. Should the IRS or other tax authorities assess additional taxes, penalties or interest as a result of a current or a future examination, we may be required to record charges to operations in future periods that could have a material impact on our results of operations, financial position or cash flows in the applicable period or periods.
The current U.S. presidential administration has proposed several corporate tax increases, including raising the U.S. corporate income tax rate and greater taxation of international income, that, if enacted, would increase our tax liability. In addition, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) has been evaluating new rules to provide greater taxing rights to jurisdictions where customers or users are located and the introduction of a corporate global minimum tax. Furthermore, many countries have enacted or proposed new laws to tax digital transactions. These developments in tax laws and regulations, and compliance with these rules, could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows.
Forecasts of our annual effective tax rate are complex and subject to uncertainty because our income tax position for each year combines the effects of estimating the amount and composition of our annual income or loss in jurisdictions with varying income tax rates, as well as benefits from available deferred tax assets, the impact of various accounting rules, our interpretations of changes in tax laws and results of tax audits. Forecasts of our annual effective tax rate do not include the anticipation of future tax law changes. In addition, we account for certain tax benefits from stock-based compensation in the period the stock compensation vests or is settled, which may cause increased variability in our quarterly effective tax rates. If there were a material difference between forecasted and actual tax rates, it could have a material impact on our results of operations.
Litigation, government investigations or regulatory proceedings could adversely affect our financial condition or operations.
We currently are, and in the future may be, involved in various disputes and litigation that arise in the ordinary course of business. These include disputes and lawsuits related to intellectual property, including customer indemnification, mergers and acquisitions, licensing, contracts, distribution arrangements and employee relations matters. Governments and regulatory agencies in the jurisdictions in which we operate may also open or initiate investigations or regulatory proceedings. For information regarding the litigation matters in which we are currently engaged, please refer to the discussion under Item 1, “Legal Proceedings” and Note 1112 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements. We cannot provide any assurances that the final outcome of these lawsuits or any other proceedings that may arise in the future will not have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, operating results, financial condition or cash flows. Litigation and similar proceedings can be time consuming and expensive and could divert management’s time and attention from our business, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and operating results.
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Errors or defects in our products and services could expose us to liability and harm our business.
Our customers use our products and services in designing and developing products that involve a high degree of technological complexity, each of which has its own specifications. Because of the complexity of the systems and products with which we work, some of our products and designs can be adequately tested only when put to full use in the marketplace. As a result, our customers or their end users may discover errors or defects in our software or the systems we design, or the products or systems incorporating our design and intellectual property may not operate as expected. Errors or defects could result in:
loss of customers;
loss of market share;
damage to our reputation;reputation and loss of customers and market share;
failure to attract new customers or achieve market acceptance;
diversion of development resources to resolve the problem;
loss of or delay in revenue;
revenue or payments and increased service costs; and
liability for damages.
Our operating results and revenue could be adversely affected by customer payment delays, customer bankruptcies and defaults or modifications of licenses.
Occasionally, our customers file for bankruptcy or request to modify license terms. If our customers experience adversity in their business, they may delay or default on their payment obligations to us, file for bankruptcy or modify or cancel plans to license our products. For instance, if our customers are not successful in generating sufficient cash or are precluded from securing financing, they may not be able to pay, or may delay payment of, accounts receivable that are owed to us, although these obligations are generally not cancelable. Our customers’ inability to fulfill payment obligations, in turn, may adversely affect our revenue and cash flow. Additionally, our customers have, in the past, sought, and may, in the future, seek, to renegotiate pre-existing contractual commitments. Payment defaults by our customers or significant reductions in existing contractual commitments could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.
The long sales cycle of our products and services may cause our operating results to fluctuate unexpectedly.
Generally, we have a long sales cycle that can extend up to six months or longer. The complexity and expense associated with our products and services generally require a lengthy customer education, evaluation and approval process. Consequently, we may incur substantial expenses and devote significant management effort and expense to develop potential relationships that do not result in agreements or revenue and may prevent us from pursuing other opportunities.

In addition, sales of our products and services have been and may in the future be delayed if customers delay approval or commencement of projects because of:
the timing of customers’ competitive evaluation processes; or
customers’ budgetary constraints and budget cycles.
Long sales cycles for hardware products subject us to a number of significant risks over which we have limited control, including insufficient, excess or obsolete inventory, variations in inventory valuation and fluctuations in quarterly operating results.
Our reported financial results may be adversely affected by changes in United States generally accepted accounting principles, and we may incur significant costs to adjust our accounting systems and processes to comply with significant changes.
United States generally accepted accounting principles or (“U.S. GAAP,GAAP”) are subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board or FASB,(“FASB”), the SEC and various bodies formed to promulgate and interpret appropriate accounting principles. We are also subject to evolving rules and regulations of the countries in which we do business. The FASB is currently working together with the International Accounting Standards Board,Changes to accounting standards or IASB, on several projects to further align accounting principles and facilitate more comparable financial reporting between companies that are required to follow U.S. GAAP under SEC regulations and those that are required to follow IFRS outside of the United States. These efforts by the FASB and IASBinterpretations thereof may result in different accounting principles under U.S. GAAP that could have a significant effect on our reported financial results for us in areas including, but not limited to, principles for recognizing revenue and accounting for leases. For information regarding new accounting standards, please refer to Part I, Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under the heading “New Accounting Standards.”results.
In addition, we have in the past and may in the future need to significantly change our customer contracts, accounting systems and processes when we adopt future or proposed changes in accounting principles noted above.principles. The cost and effect of these changes may negatively impact our results of operations during the periods of transition.
Our restructuring plans may not result in the benefits we have anticipated, possibly having a negative effect on our future operating results.
In recent fiscal years, we have initiated restructuring plans in an effort to reallocate or decrease costs by reducing our workforce and by consolidating facilities. We incur substantial costs to implement restructuring plans, and our restructuring activities may subject us to litigation risks and expenses. Our past restructuring plans do not provide any assurance that additional restructuring plans will not be required or implemented in the future. In addition, our restructuring plans may have other consequences, such as attrition beyond our planned reduction in workforce, a negative effect on employee morale and productivity or our ability to attract highly skilled employees. Our competitors may also use our restructuring plans to seek to gain a competitive advantage over us. As a result, our restructuring plans may affect our revenue and other operating results in the future.
Failure to obtain export licenses could harm our business by rendering us unable to ship products and transfer our technology outside of the United States.
We must comply with regulations of the United States and of certain other countries in shipping our products and transferring our technology outside the United States and to foreign nationals. Any significant future difficulty in complying with these regulations could harm our business, operating results or financial condition.
If we become subject to unfair hiring claims, we could be prevented from hiring needed employees, incur liability for damages and incur substantial costs in defending ourselves.
When companies in our industry lose employees to competitors, they frequently claim that these competitors have engaged in unfair hiring practices or that the employment of these persons would involve the disclosure or use of trade secrets. These claims could prevent us from hiring employees or cause us to incur liability for damages. We could also incur substantial costs in defending ourselves or our employees against these claims, regardless of their merits. Defending ourselves from these claims could also divert the attention of our management away from our operations.
We are subject to evolving corporate governance and public disclosure expectations and regulations that impact compliance costs and risks of noncompliance.
We are subject to changing rules and regulations promulgated by a number of governmental and self-regulatory organizations, including the SEC, Nasdaq, and the FASB, as well as evolving investor expectations around corporate governance, executive compensation and environmental and social practices and disclosures. These rules and regulations continue to evolve in scope and complexity, and many new requirements have been created in response to laws enacted by the U.S. and foreign governments, making compliance more difficult and uncertain. The increase in costs to comply with such evolving expectations, rules and regulations, as well as any risk of noncompliance, could adversely impact us.
Risks Related to Our Securities and Indebtedness
Our stock price has been and may continue to be subject to fluctuations.
Our stock price is subject to changes in recommendations or earnings estimates by financial analysts, changes in investors’ or analysts’ valuation measures for our stock, our credit ratings and market trends unrelated to our performance. Furthermore, speculation in the press or investment community about our strategic position, financial condition, results of operations, business or security of our products, can cause changes in our stock price. In addition to these factors and industry and general economic and political conditions, our stock price may be adversely impacted by announcements related to financial results or forecasts that fail to meet or are inconsistent with earlier projections or the expectations of our securities analysts or investors, announcements of new products or acquisitions of new technologies by us, our competitors or our customers, or announcements by us of acquisitions, major transaction or litigation developments, or management changes. A significant drop in our stock price could expose us to the risk of securities class actions lawsuits, which may result in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources, which may adversely affect our business.
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Anti-takeover defenses in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and certain provisions under Delaware law could prevent an acquisition of our company or limit the price that investors might be willing to pay for our common stock.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and certain provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law that apply to us could make it difficult for another company to acquire control of our company. For example:
Ourexample, our certificate of incorporation allows our Board of Directors to designate and issue, at any time and without stockholder approval up to 400,000 shares of preferred stock with such terms as it may determine. Noin one or more series. All 400,000 shares of preferred stock are currently outstanding. However,designated as Series A Preferred, but because no such shares are outstanding or reserved for issuance, our Board of Directors may reduce the number of shares of preferred stock designated as Series A Preferred to zero. Subject to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our Board of Directors may, as to any shares of preferred stock the terms of which have not then been designated, fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions on these shares, fix the number of holdersshares and designation of any series, and increase or decrease the number of our preferred stock that may be issued inshares of any series if not below the future may benumber of outstanding shares plus the number of shares reserved for issuance. Our Board of Directors has the power to issue shares of Series A Preferred with dividend, voting and liquidation rights superior to the rights of holders of our common stock.stock at a rate of 1,000-to-1 without further vote or action by the common stockholders.

In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law generally prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with a person owning 15% or more of its voting stock, or who is affiliated with the corporation and owned 15% or more of its voting stock at any time within three years prior to the proposed business combination, for a period of three years from the date the person became a 15% owner, unless specified conditions are met.
All or any one of these factors could limit the price that certain investors would be willing to pay for shares of our common stock and could allow our Board of Directors to resist, delay or prevent an acquisition of our company, even if a proposed transaction were favored by a majority of our independent stockholders.
The investment of our cash in money market funds is subject to risks that may cause losses and affect the liquidity of these investments.
Our investments include various money market funds. Weakened financial markets have at times adversely impacted the general credit, liquidity, market prices and interest rates for these and other types of investments. Additionally, changes in monetary policy by the Federal Open Market Committee and concerns about the rising U.S. government debt level may cause a decrease in the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar and adversely affect our investment portfolio. The financial market and monetary risks associated with our investment portfolio may have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, liquidity, results of operations or cash flows.
We depend on sole suppliers for certain hardware components and contract manufacturers for production of our emulation and prototyping hardware products, making us vulnerable to supply disruption and price fluctuation.
We depend on sole suppliers for certain hardware components and contract manufacturers for production of our emulation and prototyping hardware products. Our reliance on sole suppliers and contract manufacturers could result in product delivery problems and delays and reduced control over product pricing and quality. Though we prefer to have multiple sources to procure certain key components, in some cases it is not practical or feasible to do so. We may suffer a disruption in the supply of certain hardware components if we are unable to purchase sufficient components on a timely basis or at all for any reason. Any supply or manufacturing disruption, including delay in delivery of components by our suppliers or products by our manufacturers, or the bankruptcy or shutdown of our suppliers or manufacturers, could delay our production process and prevent us from delivering completed hardware products to customers or from supplying new evaluation units to customers, which could have a negative impact on our revenue and operating results.
We are subject to evolving corporate governance and public disclosure regulations that impact compliance costs and risks of noncompliance.
We are subject to changing rules and regulations promulgated by a number of governmental and self-regulatory organizations, including the SEC, NASDAQ, and the FASB. These rules and regulations continue to evolve in scope and complexity, and many new requirements have been created in response to laws enacted by Congress and foreign governments, making compliance more difficult and uncertain. The increase in costs to comply with such evolving rules and regulations, as well as any risk of noncompliance, could adversely impact us.
Conflict minerals regulations may cause us to continue to incur additional expenses and may adversely impact our ability to conduct our business. 
In August 2012, the SEC adopted new rules establishing disclosure and reporting requirements regarding the use of certain minerals referred to as “conflict minerals” in products. These rules require us to determine, disclose and report whether or not such minerals in our products originate from the Democratic Republic of the Congo or adjoining countries. We have incurred, and expect to continue to incur, costs to comply with these rules, including costs associated with conducting due diligence on our supply chain and fulfilling our reporting requirements, and we may incur costs related to changes to our products, processes or sources of supply. In addition, these rules could affect the availability of certain minerals used in the manufacture of our emulation and prototyping hardware products and IP boards, or the Covered Products, and thus impact our ability to source, at competitive prices, certain materials that are used in the Covered Products. Finally, our customers may prefer to purchase products from vendors who claim that all minerals in their products are conflict-free, and our revenues may be harmed or we may face reputational challenges if we are unable to verify that our Covered Products are conflict-free.

Our business is subject to the risk of earthquakes and other natural disasters.
Our corporate headquarters, including certain of our research and development operations and certain of our distribution facilities, is located in the Silicon Valley area of Northern California, a region known to experience seismic activity. If significant seismic activity were to occur, our operations may be interrupted, which could adversely impact our business and results of operations.
Our other offices in the United States and in other countries around the world may be adversely impacted by natural disasters. If a natural disaster occurs at or near any of our offices, our operations may be interrupted, which could adversely impact our business and results of operations. If a natural disaster impacts a significant number of our customers, our business and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
Risks Related to Our Securities and Indebtedness
Our debt obligations expose us to risks that could adversely affect our business, operating results or financial condition, and could prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under such indebtedness.
We have a substantial level of debt. As of September 30, 2017,July 3, 2021, we had total outstanding indebtedness of $644.1$347.2 million. We also hadhave the ability to borrow an additional $350.0$700.0 million under our revolving credit facility, with the right to request increased capacity up to an additional $250.0$350.0 million, uponsubject to the receipt of lender commitments, for a total maximum borrowings of $600.0 million under our revolving credit facility.up to $1.05 billion. Subject to the limits contained in the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility, the indenture that governs the 4.375% Senior Notes due October 15, 2024 or the 2024 Notes,(the “2024 Notes”) and our other debt instruments, we may be able to incur substantial additional debt from time to time to finance working capital, capital expenditures, investments or acquisitions, share repurchases or for other purposes. If we do so, the risks related to our high level of debt could intensify. Specifically, our high level of debt could have important consequences, including the following:
making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations to service our debt as described above;
limiting our ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures,
acquisitions or other general corporate requirements;
requiring a substantial portion of our cash flows to be dedicated to debt service payments instead of other
purposes, thereby reducing the amount of cash flows available for working capital, capital expenditures,
acquisitions and other general corporate purposes;
utilizing large portions of our U.S. cash to service our debt obligations because those payments are made in the United States, which may require us to repatriate cash from outside the United States and incur unanticipated or unfavorable tax expenses;States;
increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions;
exposing us to the risk of increased interest rates as certain of our borrowings, including borrowings under
our revolving credit facility, are at variable rates of interest;
limiting our flexibility in planning for and reacting to changes in the industry in which we compete;
placing us at a disadvantage compared to other, less leveraged competitors and competitors that have greater access to capital resources;
limiting our interest deductions for U.S. income tax purposes; and
increasing our cost of borrowing.
At the option of the holders of our outstanding notes, we may, under certain circumstances, be required to repurchase such notes.
Under the terms of our 2024 Notes, we may be required to repurchase for cash such notes prior to their maturity in connection with the occurrence of certain significant corporate events. Specifically, we are required to offer to repurchase such notes upon a “change of control triggering event” (as defined in the indenture related to such notes), such as a change of control accompanied by certain downgrades in the credit ratings of such notes. The repayment obligations under such notes may have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing a takeover of our company. If we were required to pay the 2024 Notes prior to their scheduled maturity, it could have a significant negative impact on our cash and liquidity and could impact our ability to invest financial resources in other strategic initiatives.
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The terms of the agreementsagreement governing our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan and the indenture governing our 2024 Notes restrict our current and future operations, particularly our ability to respond to changes or to take certain actions.
The agreementsagreement governing our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan containcontains a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us and may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interest, including restrictions on our ability to:
pay dividendsincur liens or make other distributions or repurchase or redeem capital stock;

prepay, redeem or repurchase certain debt;
issue certain preferred stock or similar equity securities;
make certain investments;
incur liens;
incur additional indebtedness and guarantee indebtedness;
enter into sale and leaseback transactions;
enter into transactions with affiliates;
alter the businesses we conduct; and
enter into agreements restricting our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends; and
consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets.assets.
In addition, the restrictive covenants in the agreementsagreement governing our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan require us to maintain specified financial ratios and satisfy other financial condition tests.ratios. Our ability to meet those financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, and we may be unable to meet them.
A breach of the covenants or restrictions under the agreementsagreement governing our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan could result in an event of default under the applicable indebtedness. Such a default may allow the creditors to accelerate the related debt and may result in the acceleration of any other debt to which a cross-acceleration or cross-default provision applies. In addition, an event of default under the credit agreement governing our revolving credit facility would permit the lenders under our revolving credit facility to terminate all commitments to extend further credit under that facility. In the event our lenders or note holders accelerate the repayment of our borrowings, we and our subsidiaries may not have sufficient assets to repay that indebtedness. As a result of these restrictions, we may be:
limited in how we conduct our business;
unable to raise additional debt or equity financing to operate during general economic or business downturns; or
unable to compete effectively or to take advantage of new business opportunities.
The indenture governing our 2024 Notes also contains certain restrictive covenants that impose operating and financial restrictions on us and may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interest, including restrictions on our ability to incur liens and to enter into sale and leaseback transactions.
These restrictions may affect our ability to grow in accordance with our strategy. In addition, our financial results, our substantial indebtedness and our credit ratings could adversely affect the availability and terms of our financing.
We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service all of our indebtedness and may be forced to take other actions to satisfy our obligations under our indebtedness, which may not be successful.
Our ability to make scheduled payments on or refinance our debt obligations depends on our financial condition and operating performance, which are subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business, legislative, regulatory and other factors beyond our control. We may be unable to maintain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay the principal, premium, if any, and interest on our indebtedness. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flows to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would materially and adversely affect our financial position and results of operations and our ability to satisfy our debt obligations.
If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we could face substantial liquidity problems and could be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to dispose of material assets or operations, seek additional debt or equity capital or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. We may not be able to effect any such alternative measures, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if successful, those alternative actions may not allow us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. The agreementsagreement governing our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan restrictrestricts our ability to dispose of assets and use the proceeds from those dispositions and may also restrict our ability to raise debt or equity capital to be used to repay other indebtedness when it becomes due. We may not be able to consummate those dispositions or to obtain proceeds in an amount sufficient to meet any debt service obligations then due.
In addition, we conduct a substantial portion of our operations through our subsidiaries, none of which are currently guarantors of our indebtedness. Accordingly, repayment of our indebtedness is dependent on the generation of cash flow by our subsidiaries and their ability to make such cash available to us, by dividend, debt repayment or otherwise. Unless they become guarantors of our indebtedness, ourOur subsidiaries do not have any obligation to pay amounts due on our indebtedness or to make funds available for that purpose. Our subsidiaries may not be able to, or may not be permitted to, make distributions to enable us to make payments in respect of our indebtedness. Each subsidiary is a distinct legal entity, and, under certain circumstances, legal and contractual restrictions may limit our ability to obtain cash from our subsidiaries. While the agreements governing our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan limit the ability of our subsidiaries to incur consensual restrictions on their ability to pay dividends or make other intercompany payments to us, these limitations are subject to qualifications and exceptions. In the event that we do not receive distributions from our subsidiaries, we may be unable to make required principal and interest payments on our indebtedness.

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Our inability to generate sufficient cash flows to satisfy our debt obligations, or to refinance our indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, would materially and adversely affect our financial position and results of operations and our ability to satisfy our debt obligations.

If we cannot make scheduled payments on our debt, we will be in default and holders of our debt could declare all outstanding principal and interest to be due and payable, the lenders under our revolving credit facility could terminate their commitments to loan money and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. In addition, a material default on our indebtedness could suspend our eligibility to register securities using certain registration statement forms under SEC guidelines that permit incorporation by reference of substantial information regarding us, potentially hindering our ability to raise capital through the issuance of our securities and increasing our costs of registration.
Despite our current level of indebtedness, we and our subsidiaries may incur substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks to our financial condition described above.
We and our subsidiaries may incur significant additional indebtedness in the future. Although the agreementsagreement governing our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan containcontains restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, and the additional indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. If we incur any additional indebtedness that ranks equally with the 2024 Notes, then subject to any collateral arrangements we may enter into, the holders of that debt will be entitled to share ratably in any proceeds distributed in connection with any insolvency, liquidation, reorganization, dissolution or other winding up of our company.
Our variable rate indebtedness subjects us to interest rate risk, which could cause our debt service obligations to increase significantly.significantly.
Borrowings under our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan are at variable rates of interest and expose us to interest rate risk. If interest rates were to increase, our debt service obligations on our variable rate indebtedness would increase even though the amount borrowed remained the same, and our net income and cash flows, including cash available for servicing our indebtedness, would correspondingly decrease. Assuming all loans were fully drawn and we were to fully exercise our right to increase borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility, and we made no prepayments on our 2019 Term Loan, each quarter point change in interest rates would result in an approximately $2.3a $2.6 million change in annual interest expense on our indebtedness under our revolving credit facility and 2019 Term Loan.facility. In the future, we may enter into interest rate swaps that involve the exchange of floating for fixed rate interest payments in order to reduce interest rate volatility. However, we may not maintain interest rate swaps with respect to all of our variable rate indebtedness, and any swaps we enter into may not fully mitigate our interest rate risk.
Our revolving credit facility utilizes, at our option, either (1) LIBOR, plus a margin of between 0.750% and 1.250%, determined by reference to the credit rating of our unsecured debt, or (2) base rate plus a margin of 0.000% to 0.250%, determined by reference to the credit rating of our unsecured debt, to calculate the amount of accrued interest on any borrowings. Regulators in certain jurisdictions including the United Kingdom and the United States have announced the desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021, though the ICE Benchmark Administration, the administrator of LIBOR, announced plans to consult to extend the timeline for ceasing publication for certain tenors of U.S. dollar LIBOR to June 30, 2023. Our revolving credit facility contains provisions that contemplate the transition from LIBOR under specified events; however, the transition from LIBOR to a new replacement benchmark is uncertain at this time and the consequences of such developments cannot be entirely predicted, but could result in an increase in the cost of our borrowings under our existing credit facility and any future borrowings.
In addition, our revolving credit facility uses a pricing grid based on our credit ratings. If our credit ratings are downgraded or other negative action is taken, the interest rate payable by us under our revolving credit facility could increase. Downgrades in our credit ratings could also restrict our ability to obtain additional financing in the future and affect the terms of any such financing.
Various factors could increase our future borrowing costs or reduce our access to capital, including a lowering or withdrawal of the ratings assigned to us and our 2024 Notes by credit rating agencies.
We may in the future seek additional financing for a variety of reasons, and our future borrowing costs, terms and access to capital could be affected by factors including the condition of the debt and equity markets, the condition of the economy generally, prevailing interest rates, our level of indebtedness, our credit rating and our business and financial condition. In addition, the 2024 Notes currently have an investment grade credit rating, and any credit rating assigned could be lowered or withdrawn entirely by a credit rating agency if, in that credit rating agency’s judgment, future circumstances relating to the basis of the credit rating, such as adverse changes, so warrant. Consequently, real or anticipated changes in our credit ratings will generally affect the market value of the 2024 Notes. Any future lowering of the credit ratings of the 2024 Notes likely would make it more difficult or more expensive for us to obtain additional debt financing.



Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
In January 2017, Cadence’sJuly 2020, our Board of Directors authorized $750 million for the repurchase of shares of Cadence’sour common stock with a value of up to $525.0 million in the aggregate.stock. The actual timing and amount of repurchases are subject to business and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, stock price, acquisition opportunities and other factors. As of September 30, 2017, $475.0July 3, 2021, $346 million remained available to repurchase shares of our common stock under this authorization.
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The following table presents repurchases made under our current authorization and shares surrendered by employees to satisfy income tax withholding obligations during the three months ended September 30, 2017:July 3, 2021:
Period 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
 
Average
Price Paid
Per Share (2)
 
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of
Publicly Announced Plan or Program
 
Maximum Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet
Be Purchased Under
Publicly Announced
Plan or Program (1)
(In millions)
July 2, 2017 – August 5, 2017 151,441
 $36.57
 122,700
 $520
August 6, 2017 – September 2, 2017 1,141,684
 $37.10
 614,900
 $498
September 3, 2017 – September 30, 2017 691,194
 $38.34
 593,703
 $475
Total 1,984,319
 $37.49
 1,331,303
  
Period
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
Average
Price Paid
Per Share (2)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of
Publicly Announced Plan or Program
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares that
May Yet
Be Purchased Under
Publicly Announced
Plan or Program (1)
(In millions)
April 4, 2021 - May 8, 2021440,398 $128.78 423,726 $512 
May 9, 2021 - June 5, 20211,010,034 $126.75 904,205 $398 
June 6, 2021 - July 3, 2021401,058 $131.08 391,756 $346 
Total1,851,490 $128.17 1,719,687 
 ______________________________
(1)Shares purchased that were not part of our publicly announced repurchase programs represent employee surrender of shares of restricted stock to satisfy employee income tax withholding obligations due upon vesting, and do not reduce the dollar value that may yet be purchased under our publicly announced repurchase programs.
(2)The weighted average price paid per share of common stock does not include the cost of commissions.

(1)Shares purchased that were not part of our publicly announced repurchase programs represent employee surrender of shares of restricted stock to satisfy employee income tax withholding obligations due upon vesting, and do not reduce the dollar value that may yet be purchased under our publicly announced repurchase programs.
(2)The weighted average price paid per share of common stock does not include the cost of commissions.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.


Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.


Item 5. Other Information
None.

47


Item 6. Exhibits
  Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit TitleFormFile No.Exhibit
No.
Filing DateProvided
Herewith
8-K000-1586710.0107/01/2021
*X
*X
X
X
101.INS*Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.X
101.CAL*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.X
101.DEF*Inline XBRL Definition Linkbase Document.X
101.LAB*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.X
101.PRE*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.X
104Cover Page Interactive Data File - The cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101).X
___________________
(a)The following exhibits are filed herewith:
*Incorporated by ReferenceFiled herewith.
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit TitleFormFile No.
Exhibit
No.
Filing Date
Provided
Herewith
X
X
X
X
101.INSXBRL Instance Document.X
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.X
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.X
101.DEFXBRL Definition Linkbase Document.X
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.X
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.XFurnished herewith.


48


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
(Registrant)
DATE:October 26, 2017By:/s/ Lip-Bu Tan
Lip-Bu Tan
President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
DATE:October 26, 2017By:/s/ John M. Wall
John M. Wall
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer


EXHIBIT INDEX
Incorporated by ReferenceCADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.
(Registrant)
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit TitleFormFile No.
Exhibit
No.
Filing Date
Provided
Herewith
DATE:July 26, 2021By:/s/ Lip-Bu Tan
Lip-Bu Tan
Chief Executive Officer Lip-Bu Tan, pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.Xand Director
DATE:July 26, 2021By:/s/ John M. Wall
John M. Wall
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer John M. Wall, pursuant to Rule 13a-14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.X
X
X
101.INSXBRL Instance Document.X
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.X
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.X
101.DEFXBRL Definition Linkbase Document.X
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.X
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.X


49