UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
 
(Mark One)
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 20172018
Or
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to             .
Commission File Number: 0-17089001-35070
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)  
  
Commonwealth of Massachusetts04-2976299
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
  
Ten Post Office Square
Boston, Massachusetts
02109
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
  
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (617) 912-1900
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yes x     No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes x     No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer x
   
Accelerated filer o    
 
 
Non-accelerated filer o   
 (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 
Smaller reporting company o    
 
     
Emerging growth company o    
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes o No x
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of July 31, 201727, 2018:
Common Stock, Par Value $1.00 Per Share84,082,61484,565,703
(class)(outstanding)
 

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Item 2 
  
  
  Results of Operations
  
  
  
  
  
  
Item 3 
Item 4 
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 
Item 1A 
Item 2 
Item 3 
Item 4 
Item 5 
Item 6 
  
  Certifications 



i



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION, ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
(In thousands, except share and per share data)(In thousands, except share and per share data)
Assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$97,032
 $106,557
$364,539
 $120,541
Investment securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $1,197,171 and $1,283,161 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)1,188,720
 1,264,132
Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $98,713 and $92,604 at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)99,024
 93,079
Stock in Federal Home Loan Bank45,568
 44,077
Investment securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $1,109,785 and $1,182,427 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)1,076,967
 1,170,328
Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $76,747 and $73,781 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)78,955
 74,576
Stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank70,127
 59,973
Loans held for sale2,870
 3,464
4,622
 4,697
Total loans6,279,928
 6,114,354
6,767,123
 6,505,028
Less: Allowance for loan losses75,009
 78,077
73,464
 74,742
Net loans6,204,919
 6,036,277
6,693,659
 6,430,286
Other real estate owned (“OREO”)
 1,690
108
 
Premises and equipment, net34,135
 31,827
46,421
 37,640
Goodwill142,554
 142,554
75,598
 75,598
Intangible assets, net23,873
 26,725
14,584
 16,083
Fees receivable12,639
 13,400
10,405
 11,154
Accrued interest receivable20,680
 20,479
23,732
 22,322
Deferred income taxes, net49,827
 55,460
26,316
 29,031
Other assets185,805
 130,753
230,170
 259,515
Total assets$8,107,646
 $7,970,474
$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
Liabilities:      
Deposits$6,381,339
 $6,085,146
$6,620,179
 $6,510,246
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase29,232
 59,624
58,824
 32,169
Federal funds purchased40,000
 80,000

 30,000
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings618,989
 734,205
1,056,938
 693,681
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
106,363
 106,363
Other liabilities115,088
 119,683
129,175
 135,880
Total liabilities7,291,011
 7,185,021
7,971,479
 7,508,339
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests17,216
 16,972
10,747
 17,461
Shareholders’ Equity:      
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 2,000,000 shares;
Series D, 6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual, issued and outstanding: 50,000 shares at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016; liquidation preference: $1,000 per share
47,753
 47,753
Common stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 170,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 84,015,141 shares at June 30, 2017 and 83,731,769 shares at December 31, 201684,015
 83,732
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 2,000,000 shares;
Series D, 6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual, issued and outstanding: zero shares at June 30, 2018 and 50,000 shares at December 31, 2017; liquidation preference: $1,000 per share

 47,753
Common stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 170,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 84,478,858 shares at June 30, 2018 and 84,208,538 shares at December 31, 201784,479
 84,208
Additional paid-in capital602,507
 597,454
613,918
 607,929
Retained earnings66,807
 47,929
56,912
 49,526
Accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss)(6,038) (12,548)(23,328) (8,658)
Total Company’s shareholders’ equity795,044
 764,320
731,981
 780,758
Noncontrolling interests4,375
 4,161
1,996
 5,186
Total shareholders’ equity799,419
 768,481
733,977
 785,944
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and shareholders’ equity$8,107,646
 $7,970,474
$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands, except share and per share data)(In thousands, except share and per share data)
Interest and dividend income:              
Loans$57,736
 $49,731
 $111,372
 $99,777
$64,048
 $57,736
 $124,977
 $111,372
Taxable investment securities1,592
 1,507
 3,262
 3,101
1,501
 1,592
 3,011
 3,262
Non-taxable investment securities1,655
 1,400
 3,261
 2,790
1,752
 1,655
 3,482
 3,261
Mortgage-backed securities3,495
 2,982
 6,999
 6,047
3,049
 3,495
 6,227
 6,999
Federal funds sold and other831
 405
 1,431
 912
Short-term investments and other1,205
 831
 2,214
 1,431
Total interest and dividend income65,309
 56,025
 126,325
 112,627
71,555
 65,309
 139,911
 126,325
Interest expense:              
Deposits4,949
 4,075
 9,480
 8,257
8,365
 4,949
 14,889
 9,480
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings2,489
 2,139
 4,600
 4,092
4,447
 2,489
 7,791
 4,600
Junior subordinated debentures716
 584
 1,387
 1,162
1,008
 716
 1,854
 1,387
Repurchase agreements and other short-term borrowings10
 58
 71
 68
190
 10
 449
 71
Total interest expense8,164
 6,856
 15,538
 13,579
14,010
 8,164
 24,983
 15,538
Net interest income57,145
 49,169
 110,787
 99,048
57,545
 57,145
 114,928
 110,787
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(6,114) (2,535) (6,295) (5,668)453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)
Net interest income after provision/ (credit) for loan losses63,259
 51,704
 117,082
 104,716
57,092
 63,259
 116,270
 117,082
Fees and other income:              
Investment management fees11,081
 10,627
 21,920
 21,285
4,227
 11,081
 15,652
 21,920
Wealth advisory fees12,961
 12,551
 25,784
 25,263
13,693
 12,961
 27,205
 25,784
Wealth management and trust fees11,161
 11,208
 21,987
 22,124
11,169
 11,161
 23,320
 21,987
Other banking fee income1,964
 2,982
 3,658
 6,215
2,745
 1,964
 5,018
 3,658
Gain on sale of loans, net59
 197
 197
 406
63
 59
 137
 197
Gain/ (loss) on sale of investments, net237
 245
 256
 246
7
 237
 (17) 256
Gain/ (loss) on OREO, net
 
 (46) 280

 
 
 (46)
Other555
 (1,015) 768
 (1,002)191
 555
 523
 768
Total fees and other income38,018
 36,795
 74,524
 74,817
32,095
 38,018
 71,838
 74,524
Operating expense:              
Salaries and employee benefits43,493
 40,614
 89,318
 83,174
39,433
 43,312
 86,517
 88,977
Occupancy and equipment10,779
 9,928
 21,428
 19,515
8,229
 7,283
 15,977
 14,468
Professional services3,106
 3,015
 6,420
 6,530
2,872
 3,106
 6,049
 6,420
Marketing and business development1,971
 1,811
 3,631
 3,981
2,070
 1,971
 3,663
 3,631
Contract services and data processing1,641
 1,737
 3,221
 3,416
Information systems6,770
 5,500
 12,656
 10,879
Amortization of intangibles1,426
 1,586
 2,852
 3,172
749
 1,426
 1,499
 2,852
FDIC insurance879
 1,015
 1,645
 2,035
708
 879
 1,452
 1,645
Restructuring
 905
 
 2,017
Other4,526
 4,120
 8,086
 7,600
3,553
 4,344
 7,428
 7,729
Total operating expense67,821
 64,731
 136,601
 131,440
64,384
 67,821
 135,241
 136,601
Income before income taxes33,456
 23,768
 55,005
 48,093
24,803
 33,456
 52,867
 55,005
Income tax expense9,963
 7,626
 16,516
 15,064
17,399
 9,963
 23,425
 16,516
Net income from continuing operations23,493
 16,142
 38,489
 33,029
7,404
 23,493
 29,442
 38,489
Net income from discontinued operations1,063
 1,245
 2,695
 3,310
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income before attribution to noncontrolling interests24,556
 17,387
 41,184
 36,339
7,402
 24,556
 31,138
 41,184
(Continued)              

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests1,150
 989
 2,116
 1,900
968
 1,150
 2,018
 2,116
Net income attributable to the Company$23,406
 $16,398
 $39,068
 $34,439
$6,434
 $23,406
 $29,120
 $39,068
Adjustments to net income attributable to the Company to arrive at net income attributable to common shareholders$(577) $(970) $(1,743) $(1,259)$(3,524) $(577) $(3,547) $(1,743)
Net income attributable to common shareholders for earnings per share calculation$22,829
 $15,428
 $37,325
 $33,180
$2,910
 $22,829
 $25,573
 $37,325
Basic earnings per share attributable to common shareholders:              
From continuing operations:$0.27
 $0.17
 $0.42
 $0.37
$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.29
 $0.42
From discontinued operations:$0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
 $0.04
$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
Total attributable to common shareholders:$0.28
 $0.19
 $0.45
 $0.41
$0.03
 $0.28
 $0.31
 $0.45
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding82,298,493
 81,236,809
 82,125,795
 81,269,154
83,509,115
 82,298,493
 83,304,573
 82,125,795
Diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders:              
From continuing operations:$0.26
 $0.17
 $0.41
 $0.36
$0.03
 $0.26
 $0.28
 $0.41
From discontinued operations:$0.01
 $0.01
 $0.03
 $0.04
$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
Total attributable to common shareholders:$0.27
 $0.18
 $0.44
 $0.40
$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.30
 $0.44
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding84,741,680
 83,519,939
 84,658,309
 83,391,057
85,413,575
 84,741,680
 85,221,974
 84,658,309

 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Net income attributable to the Company$23,406
 $16,398
 $39,068
 $34,439
$6,434
 $23,406
 $29,120
 $39,068
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net of tax:              
Unrealized gain/ (loss) on securities available-for-sale4,380
 6,210
 6,474
 15,298
(1,953) 4,380
 (14,848) 6,474
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (gain)/ loss included in net income(141) (157) (152) (158)
 (141) 
 (152)
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on securities available-for-sale4,239
 6,053
 6,322
 15,140
(1,953) 4,239
 (14,848) 6,322
Unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges(246) (352) (210) (1,498)124
 (246) 712
 (210)
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (gain)/ loss included in net income206
 266
 386
 512
(187) 206
 (201) 386
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges(40) (86) 176
 (986)(63) (40) 511
 176
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on other
 
 12
 
1
 
 1
 12
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net of tax4,199
 5,967
 6,510
 14,154
(2,015) 4,199
 (14,336) 6,510
Total comprehensive income attributable to the Company, net$27,605
 $22,365
 $45,578
 $48,593
$4,419
 $27,605
 $14,784
 $45,578
 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

Preferred
Stock
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/
(Loss)
 
Non-
controlling
Interests
 Total
Preferred
Stock
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/
(Loss)
 
Non-
controlling
Interests
 Total
(In thousands, except share data)
Balance, December 31, 2015$47,753
 $83,411
 $600,670
 $12,886
 $(1,500) $3,393
 $746,613
Net income attributable to the Company
 
 
 34,439
 
 
 34,439
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net
 
 
 
 14,154
 
 14,154
Dividends paid to common shareholders: $0.20 per share
 
 
 (16,602) 
 
 (16,602)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
 
 
 (1,738) 
 
 (1,738)
Net change in noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 (14) (14)
Repurchase of 399,442 shares of common stock
 (399) (4,096) 
 
 
 (4,495)
Net proceeds from issuance of:             
76,611 shares of common stock
 76
 662
 
 
 
 738
587,628 shares of incentive stock grants, net of 303,583 shares canceled or forfeited and 63,235 shares withheld for employee taxes
 221
 (959) 
 
 
 (738)
Amortization of stock compensation and employee stock purchase plan
 
 372
 
 
 
 372
Stock options exercised
 71
 458
 
 
 
 529
Tax benefit/ (deficiency) from certain stock compensation awards
 
 (749) 
 
 
 (749)
Other equity adjustments
 
 1,631
 
 
 
 1,631
Balance at June 30, 2016$47,753
 $83,380
 $597,989
 $28,985
 $12,654
 $3,379
 $774,140
             (In thousands, except share data)
Balance, December 31, 2016$47,753
 $83,732
 $597,454
 $47,929
 $(12,548) $4,161
 $768,481
$47,753
 $83,732
 $597,454
 $47,929
 $(12,548) $4,161
 $768,481
Net income attributable to the Company
 
 
 39,068
 
 
 39,068

 
 
 39,068
 
 
 39,068
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net
 
 
 
 6,510
 
 6,510

 
 
 
 6,510
 
 6,510
Dividends paid to common shareholders:
$0.22 per share

 
 
 (18,452) 
 
 (18,452)
 
 
 (18,452) 
 
 (18,452)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
 
 
 (1,738) 
 
 (1,738)
 
 
 (1,738) 
 
 (1,738)
Net change in noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 214
 214

 
 
 
 
 214
 214
Net proceeds from issuance of:                          
72,811 shares of common stock
 73
 648
 
 
 
 721

 73
 648
 
 
 
 721
87,419 incentive stock grant shares canceled or forfeited and 62,087 shares withheld for employee taxes
 (150) (819) 
 
 
 (969)
 (150) (819) 
 
 
 (969)
Exercise of warrants
 261
 1,616
 
 
 
 1,877

 261
 1,616
 
 
 
 1,877
Amortization of stock compensation and employee stock purchase plan
 
 4,137
 
 
 
 4,137

 
 4,137
 
 
 
 4,137
Stock options exercised
 99
 705
 
 
 
 804

 99
 705
 
 
 
 804
Other equity adjustments
 
 (1,234) 
 
 
 (1,234)
 
 (1,234) 
 
 
 (1,234)
Balance at June 30, 2017$47,753
 $84,015
 $602,507
 $66,807
 $(6,038) $4,375
 $799,419
$47,753
 $84,015
 $602,507
 $66,807
 $(6,038) $4,375
 $799,419
             
Balance, December 31, 2017$47,753
 $84,208
 $607,929
 $49,526
 $(8,658) $5,186
 $785,944
Reclassification due to change in accounting principles
 
 
 334
 (334) 
 
Net income attributable to the Company
 
 
 29,120
 
 
 29,120
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net
 
 
 
 (14,336) 
 (14,336)
Dividends paid to common shareholders:
$0.24 per share

 
 
 (20,330) 
 
 (20,330)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
 
 
 (1,738) 
 
 (1,738)
Net change in noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 (3,190) (3,190)
Redemption of Series D preferred stock(47,753) 
 (2,247) 
 
 
 (50,000)
Net proceeds from issuance of:             
63,434 shares of common stock
 63
 770
 
 
 
 833
126,752 incentive stock grant shares canceled or forfeited and 112,565 shares withheld for employee taxes, net of 2,547 shares of incentive stock grants
 (236) (1,656) 
 
 
 (1,892)
Exercise of warrants
 294
 (273) 
 
 
 21
Amortization of stock compensation and employee stock purchase plan
 
 3,399
 
 
 
 3,399
Stock options exercised
 150
 1,107
 
 
 
 1,257
Other equity adjustments
 
 4,889
 
 
 
 4,889
Balance at June 30, 2018$
 $84,479
 $613,918
 $56,912
 $(23,328) $1,996
 $733,977

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

Six months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income attributable to the Company$39,068
 $34,439
$29,120
 $39,068
Adjustments to arrive at net income from continuing operations      
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests2,116
 1,900
2,018
 2,116
Less: Net income from discontinued operations(2,695) (3,310)(1,696) (2,695)
Net income from continuing operations38,489
 33,029
29,442
 38,489
Adjustments to reconcile net income from continuing operations to net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization10,575
 10,927
11,200
 10,575
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(2,116) (1,900)(2,018) (2,116)
Stock compensation, net of cancellations4,137
 372
3,399
 4,137
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(6,295) (5,668)(1,342) (6,295)
Loans originated for sale(19,814) (39,923)(24,260) (19,814)
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale20,605
 43,724
24,486
 20,605
Deferred income tax expense/ (benefit)1,240
 4,624
8,374
 1,240
Net decrease/ (increase) in other operating activities(6,434) (3,472)(17,613) (6,434)
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities of continuing operations40,387
 41,713
31,668
 40,387
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities of discontinued operations2,695
 3,310
1,696
 2,695
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities43,082
 45,023
33,364
 43,082
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Available-for-sale investment securities:   
Investment securities available-for-sale:   
Purchases(99,647) (196,651)(32,659) (99,647)
Sales103,031
 29,132
35,550
 103,031
Maturities, calls, redemptions, and principal payments78,610
 82,420
Held-to-maturity investment securities:   
Maturities, redemptions, and principal payments65,712
 78,610
Investment securities held-to-maturity:   
Purchases(14,945) 
(11,876) (14,945)
Principal payments8,745
 10,698
7,288
 8,745
(Investments)/ distributions in trusts, net(514) (392)(329) (514)
Purchase of additional Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”)(50,000) 

 (50,000)
(Purchase)/ redemption of Federal Home Loan Banks stock(1,491) (9,193)
Net (increase)/ decrease in portfolio loans(165,426) (37,832)
(Purchase)/ redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock(10,154) (1,491)
Net increase in portfolio loans(263,692) (165,426)
Proceeds from recoveries of loans previously charged-off3,748
 5,956
593
 3,748
Proceeds from sale of OREO1,644
 958

 1,644
Capital expenditures, net of sale proceeds(6,298) (5,053)(14,453) (6,298)
Net cash provided by/ (used in) investing activities of continuing operations(142,543) (119,957)
Proceeds from sale of affiliate34,120
 
Net cash provided by/ (used in) investing activities(142,543) (119,957)(189,900) (142,543)
(Continued)      

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

Six months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Net increase/ (decrease) in deposits296,193
 (393,787)109,933
 296,193
Net increase/ (decrease) in securities sold under agreements to repurchase(30,392) (14,911)26,655
 (30,392)
Net increase/ (decrease) in federal funds purchased(40,000) 180,000
(30,000) (40,000)
Net increase/ (decrease) in short-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings(90,000) 235,000
350,000
 (90,000)
Advances of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings46,235
 47,434
91,444
 46,235
Repayments of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings(71,451) (65,746)(78,187) (71,451)
Redemption of Series D preferred stock(50,000) 
Dividends paid to common shareholders(18,452) (16,602)(20,330) (18,452)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders(1,738) (1,738)(1,738) (1,738)
Proceeds from warrant exercises1,877
 
21
 1,877
Repurchase of common stock
 (4,495)
Tax benefit/ (deficiency) from certain stock compensation awards
 (749)
Proceeds from stock option exercises804
 529
1,257
 804
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net(248) 
(1,059) (248)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests(2,064) (1,844)(1,958) (2,064)
Other equity adjustments(828) (684)4,496
 (828)
Net cash provided by/ (used in) financing activities of continuing operations89,936
 (37,593)
Net cash provided by/ (used in) financing activities89,936
 (37,593)400,534
 89,936
Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(9,525) (112,527)243,998
 (9,525)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year106,557
 238,694
120,541
 106,557
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$97,032
 $126,167
$364,539
 $97,032
Supplementary schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:      
Cash paid for interest$15,591
 $13,646
$23,742
 $15,591
Cash paid for income taxes, net of (refunds received)16,600
 20,834
Cash paid for income taxes, (net of refunds received)9,827
 16,600
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax6,322
 15,140
(14,848) 6,322
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax176
 (986)511
 176
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on other, net of tax12
 
1
 12
Non-cash transactions:      
Loans transferred into other real estate owned from loan portfolio
 1,944
108
 
Loans charged-off(521) (3,035)(529) (521)
Premises and equipment transferred into/ (out of) other assets held for sale
 891
Deposits transferred into/ (out of) held for sale
 110,558

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


7

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements



1.     Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or “BPFH”), is a bank holding company (the “Holding Company”) with four reportable segments: Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust, Investment Management, and Wealth Advisory.
The Private Banking segment is comprised of the banking operations of Boston Private Bank & Trust Company (the “Bank” or “Boston Private Bank”), a trust company chartered by The Commonwealth of Massachusetts whose deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. On July 28, 2017, Boston Private Bank becameis a member of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. Boston Private Bank currentlyprimarily operates in three geographic markets: New England, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California.
The Wealth Management and Trust segment is comprised of the operations of Boston Private Wealth LLC (“Boston Private Wealth”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Boston Private Bank, and the trust operations of Boston Private Bank. The segment offers investment management, wealth management, retirement plan advisory, family office, financial planning, and trust services to individuals, families, and institutions. The Wealth Management and Trust segment operates in New England; SouthSoutheast Florida; Naples, Florida; California; and Madison, Wisconsin.
The Investment Management segment hashad two consolidated affiliates, consisting of Dalton, Greiner, Hartman, Maher & Co., LLC (“DGHM”) and Anchor Capital Advisors, LLC (“Anchor”) (together, the “Investment Managers”). included in its results for the first quarter of 2018. The assets and liabilities of Anchor were classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Assets held for sale were $58.8 million at December 31, 2017, and liabilities held for sale were $3.2 million at December 31, 2017. In December 2017, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its entire ownership interest in Anchor in a transaction that would result in Anchor being majority-owned by members of its management team. The transaction closed in April 2018. The Investment Management segment results for the second quarter of 2018 include results from DGHM for the full quarter and results from Anchor for the portion of April before the transaction was closed.
The Wealth Advisory segment has two consolidated affiliates, consisting of KLS Professional Advisors Group, LLC (“KLS”) and Bingham, Osborn & Scarborough, LLC (“BOS”) (together, the “Wealth Advisors” and, together with the Wealth Management and Trust, and Investment Management segments, the “Wealth and Investment businesses”).
The Company conducts substantially all of its business through its four reportable segments. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), and include all necessary adjustments of a normal recurring nature which, in the opinion of management, are required for a fair presentation of the results of operations and financial condition of the Company. The interim results of consolidated operations are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year.
The information in this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Prior period amounts are reclassified whenever necessary to conform to the current period presentation.
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, as filed with the SEC. For interim reporting purposes, the Company follows the same significant accounting policies, except for the following new accounting pronouncements from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) that were adopted effective January 1, 2017, 2018:
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09,2017-12, Stock CompensationDerivatives and Hedging (Topic 718)815): Targeted Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting for Hedging Activities(“ (“ASU 2016-09”), and ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (“ASU 2017-04”2017-12”). ASU 2016-09 had no cumulative effectAs a result of implementing this standard, the Company reclassified $5 thousand in unrealized losses on prior periods, and for cash flow purposes the provisions were adopted prospectively. The Company electedderivatives related to early adopt ASU 2017-04hedge ineffectiveness from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. This ASU will provide more flexibility in the Company’s risk management activities and we believe it will enhance the Company’s ability to employ risk management strategies, while improving the transparency and understanding of those strategies for financial statement users.


ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (“ASU 2017-07”). This amendment requires an employer to report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. As a result of the retrospective adoption of this ASU, $181 thousand and $341 thousand for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, has been reclassified from salaries and employee benefits expense to other expense within the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, $145 thousand and $280 thousand, respectively, is presented within other expense that would have been presented within salaries and employee benefits prior to adoption of ASU 2017-04 could increase or decrease2017-07.
ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-15”).  This update is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the amountstatement of cash flows. This ASU is effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018. The guidance requires application using a goodwill impairment charge should any ofretrospective transition method. This ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s reporting unitsconsolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”). This amendment requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with goodwill failchanges in fair value, net of tax, recognized in net income. As a Stepresult of implementing this standard, the Company reclassified $339 thousand in unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity investments, net of tax, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, test in2018. Additionally, this amendment requires that entities use the future, as compared to the amount of a goodwill impairment charge under the existing standards depending onexit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. As a result of implementing this standard, the reporting unit’s assets.Company’s updated process includes identifying a fair value for loans using the exit price notion. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 5: Fair Value Measurements” for further details.
ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which was subsequently amended by additional ASUs, including ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, collectively, “ASU 2014-09 et al.” ASU 2014-09 et al. was adopted using the modified retrospective transition method as of January 1, 2018, however no cumulative effect adjustment was required. This new guidance was applied to all revenue contracts in place at the date of adoption. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 13: Revenue Recognition” for further details.



9

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

2.    Earnings Per Share
The treasury stock method of calculating earnings per share (“EPS”) is presented below for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017. The following tables present the computations of basic and diluted EPS:
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
 (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Basic earnings per share - Numerator:       
Net income from continuing operations$7,404
 $23,493
 $29,442
 $38,489
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests968
 1,150
 2,018
 2,116
Net income from continuing operations attributable to the Company6,436
 22,343
 27,424
 36,373
Decrease/ (increase) in noncontrolling interests’ redemption values (1)(408) 292
 438
 (5)
Dividends on preferred stock (2)(3,116) (869) (3,985) (1,738)
Total adjustments to income attributable to common shareholders(3,524) (577) (3,547) (1,743)
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, treasury stock method2,912
 21,766
 23,877
 34,630
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income attributable to common shareholders, treasury stock method$2,910
 $22,829
 $25,573
 $37,325
        
Basic earnings per share - Denominator:       
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding83,509,115
 82,298,493
 83,304,573
 82,125,795
Per share data - Basic earnings per share from:       
Continuing operations$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.29
 $0.42
Discontinued operations$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.03
 $0.28
 $0.31
 $0.45



10

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
(In thousands, except share and per share data) 
Basic earnings per share - Numerator:       
Net income from continuing operations$23,493
 $16,142
 $38,489
 $33,029
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests1,150
 989
 2,116
 1,900
Net income from continuing operations attributable to the Company22,343
 15,153
 36,373
 31,129
Decrease/ (increase) in noncontrolling interests’ redemption values (1)292
 (101) (5) 479
Dividends on preferred stock(869) (869) (1,738) (1,738)
Total adjustments to income attributable to common shareholders(577) (970) (1,743) (1,259)
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, treasury stock method21,766
 14,183
 34,630
 29,870
Net income from discontinued operations1,063
 1,245
 2,695
 3,310
Net income attributable to common shareholders, treasury stock method$22,829
 $15,428
 $37,325
 $33,180
        
Basic earnings per share - Denominator:       
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding82,298,493
 81,236,809
 82,125,795
 81,269,154
Per share data - Basic earnings per share from:       
Continuing operations$0.27
 $0.17
 $0.42
 $0.37
Discontinued operations$0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
 $0.04
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.28
 $0.19
 $0.45
 $0.41


Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands, except share and per share data)       
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
Diluted earnings per share - Numerator:              
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, after assumed dilution$21,766
 $14,183
 $34,630
 $29,870
$2,912
 $21,766
 $23,877
 $34,630
Net income from discontinued operations1,063
 1,245
 2,695
 3,310
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income attributable to common shareholders, after assumed dilution$22,829
 $15,428
 $37,325
 $33,180
$2,910
 $22,829
 $25,573
 $37,325
Diluted earnings per share - Denominator:              
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding82,298,493
 81,236,809
 82,125,795
 81,269,154
83,509,115
 82,298,493
 83,304,573
 82,125,795
Dilutive effect of:              
Stock options, performance-based and time-based restricted stock, and performance-based and time-based restricted stock units, and other dilutive securities (2)(3)1,338,939
 1,058,425
 1,394,605
 1,019,488
1,076,049
 1,338,939
 1,112,938
 1,394,605
Warrants to purchase common stock (2)(3)1,104,248
 1,224,705
 1,137,909
 1,102,415
828,411
 1,104,248
 804,463
 1,137,909
Dilutive common shares2,443,187
 2,283,130
 2,532,514
 2,121,903
1,904,460
 2,443,187
 1,917,401
 2,532,514
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding (2)(3)84,741,680
 83,519,939
 84,658,309
 83,391,057
85,413,575
 84,741,680
 85,221,974
 84,658,309
Per share data - Diluted earnings per share from:              
Continuing operations$0.26
 $0.17
 $0.41
 $0.36
$0.03
 $0.26
 $0.28
 $0.41
Discontinued operations$0.01
 $0.01
 $0.03
 $0.04
$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.27
 $0.18
 $0.44
 $0.40
$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.30
 $0.44
Dividends per share declared and paid on common stock$0.11
 $0.10
 $0.22
 $0.20
$0.12
 $0.11
 $0.24
 $0.22
_____________________
(1)
See Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Data - Note 14: Noncontrolling Interests” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017 for a description of the redemption values related to the redeemable noncontrolling interests. In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”)FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), an increase in redemption value from period to period reduces income attributable to common shareholders. Decreases in redemption value from period to period increase income attributable to common shareholders, but only to the extent that the cumulative change in redemption value remains a cumulative increase since adoption of this standard in the first quarter of 2009.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

redemption value from period to period reduces income attributable to common shareholders. Decreases in redemption value from period to period increase income attributable to common shareholders, but only to the extent that the cumulative change in redemption value remains a cumulative increase since adoption of this standard in the first quarter of 2009.
(2)Consideration paid in excess of carrying value for the redemption of the 6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D (“the Series D preferred stock”) of $2.2 million is considered a deemed dividend and, for purposes of calculating EPS, reduces net income attributable to common shareholders for the three and six month ended June 30, 2018.
(3)The diluted EPS computations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017 do not assume the conversion, exercise, or contingent issuance of the following shares for the following periods because the result would have been anti-dilutive for the periods indicated. As a result of the anti-dilution, the potential common shares excluded from the diluted EPS computation are as follows:
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
Shares excluded due to exercise price exceeding the average market price of common shares during the period (total outstanding):(In thousands)(In thousands)
Potential common shares from:              
Stock options54
 315
 87
 243
16
 54
 136
 87
Total shares excluded due to exercise price exceeding the average market price of common shares during the period54
 315
 87
 243
16
 54
 136
 87


11

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

3.    Reportable segments
Management Reporting
The Company has four reportable segments (Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust, Investment Management, and Wealth Advisory), and the Holding Company (Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.). The financial performance of the Company is managed and evaluated by these five areas, including the four reportable segments.areas. The segments are managed separately as a result of the concentrations in each function.
Measurement of Segment Profit and Assets
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017.
Revenues, expenses, and assets are recorded by each segment, and separate financial statements are reviewed by their management and the Company’s segment chief executive officers.
Reconciliation of Reportable Segment Items
The following tables present a reconciliation of the revenues, profits, assets, and other significant items of reportable segments as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 20162017. Interest expense on junior subordinated debentures is reported at the Holding Company.
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Private Banking(In thousands)
Net interest income$58,447
 $57,783
 $116,578
 $112,039
Fees and other income2,825
 2,634
 5,300
 4,462
Total revenues61,272
 60,417
 121,878
 116,501
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)
Operating expense39,670
 36,904
 79,297
 71,962
Income before income taxes21,149
 29,627
 43,923
 50,834
Income tax expense3,981
 9,209
 8,594
 15,478
Net income from continuing operations17,168
 20,418
 35,329
 35,356
Net income attributable to the Company$17,168
 $20,418
 $35,329
 $35,356
        
Assets$8,637,774
 $7,951,911
 $8,637,774
 $7,951,911
Depreciation$2,031
 $1,343
 $3,615
 $2,714
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Wealth Management and Trust(In thousands)
Fees and other income$11,293
 $11,274
 $23,567
 $22,195
Operating expense11,058
 11,937
 21,752
 25,810
Income/ (loss) before income taxes235
 (663) 1,815
 (3,615)
Income tax expense/ (benefit)34
 (239) 509
 (1,405)
Net income/ (loss) from continuing operations201
 (424) 1,306
 (2,210)
Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company$201
 $(424) $1,306
 $(2,210)
        
Assets$73,202
 $74,842
 $73,202
 $74,842
Amortization of intangibles$701
 $727
 $1,402
 $1,454
Depreciation$334
 $341
 $655
 $678

12

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
Private Banking(In thousands)
Investment Management (1)(In thousands)
Net interest income$57,783
 $49,713
 $112,039
 $100,133
$2
 $4
 $6
 $8
Fees and other income2,634
 2,227
 4,462
 5,605
4,234
 11,091
 15,642
 21,950
Total revenues60,417
 51,940
 116,501
 105,738
4,236
 11,095
 15,648
 21,958
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(6,114) (2,535) (6,295) (5,668)
Operating expense36,904
 32,093
 71,962
 63,368
3,120
 8,346
 11,645
 16,700
Income before income taxes29,627
 22,382
 50,834
 48,038
1,116
 2,749
 4,003
 5,258
Income tax expense9,209
 7,038
 15,478
 15,412
249
 894
 920
 1,738
Net income from continuing operations20,418
 15,344
 35,356
 32,626
867
 1,855
 3,083
 3,520
Noncontrolling interests202
 512
 690
 974
Net income attributable to the Company$20,418
 $15,344
 $35,356
 $32,626
$665
 $1,343
 $2,393
 $2,546
              
Assets$7,951,911
 $7,417,465
 $7,951,911
 $7,417,465
$7,189
 $91,915
 $7,189
 $91,915
Amortization of intangibles$
 $651
 $
 $1,301
Depreciation$1,343
 $1,125
 $2,714
 $2,271
$32
 $61
 $66
 $127
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Wealth Management and Trust(In thousands)
Fees and other income$11,274
 $11,300
 $22,195
 $22,356
Operating expense (1)11,937
 13,738
 25,810
 29,590
Income/ (loss) before income taxes(663) (2,438) (3,615) (7,234)
Income tax expense/ (benefit)(239) (970) (1,405) (2,909)
Net income/ (loss) from continuing operations(424) (1,468) (2,210) (4,325)
Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company$(424) $(1,468) $(2,210) $(4,325)
        
Assets$74,842
 $86,397
 $74,842
 $86,397
Amortization of intangibles$727
 $745
 $1,454
 $1,490
Depreciation$341
 $269
 $678
 $500
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Wealth Advisory(In thousands)
Net interest income$77
 $29
 $125
 $46
Fees and other income13,717
 12,980
 27,256
 25,823
Total revenues13,794
 13,009
 27,381
 25,869
Operating expense9,227
 8,943
 19,763
 18,386
Income before income taxes4,567
 4,066
 7,618
 7,483
Income tax expense1,214
 1,511
 2,000
 2,798
Net income from continuing operations3,353
 2,555
 5,618
 4,685
Noncontrolling interests766
 638
 1,328
 1,142
Net income attributable to the Company$2,587
 $1,917
 $4,290
 $3,543
        
Assets$76,175
 $75,247
 $76,175
 $75,247
Amortization of intangibles$48
 $48
 $97
 $97
Depreciation$164
 $235
 $327
 $461

13
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Investment Management(In thousands)
Net interest income$4
 $4
 $8
 $8
Fees and other income11,091
 10,646
 21,950
 21,305
Total revenues11,095
 10,650
 21,958
 21,313
Operating expense8,346
 7,895
 16,700
 15,919
Income before income taxes2,749
 2,755
 5,258
 5,394
Income tax expense894
 898
 1,738
 1,777
Net income from continuing operations1,855
 1,857
 3,520
 3,617
Noncontrolling interests512
 469
 974
 946
Net income attributable to the Company$1,343
 $1,388
 $2,546
 $2,671
        
Assets$91,915
 $93,975
 $91,915
 $93,975
Amortization of intangibles$651
 $651
 $1,301
 $1,301
Depreciation$61
 $74
 $127
 $147

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Wealth Advisory(In thousands)
Net interest income$29
 $4
 $46
 $7
Fees and other income12,980
 12,579
 25,823
 25,321
Total revenues13,009
 12,583
 25,869
 25,328
Operating expense8,943
 9,171
 18,386
 18,865
Income before income taxes4,066
 3,412
 7,483
 6,463
Income tax expense1,511
 1,266
 2,798
 2,414
Net income from continuing operations2,555
 2,146
 4,685
 4,049
Noncontrolling interests638
 520
 1,142
 954
Net income attributable to the Company$1,917
 $1,626
 $3,543
 $3,095
        
Assets$75,247
 $76,370
 $75,247
 $76,370
Amortization of intangibles$48
 $190
 $97
 $381
Depreciation$235
 $220
 $461
 $435
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Holding Company and Eliminations(In thousands)
Net interest income$(981) $(671) $(1,781) $(1,306)
Fees and other income26
 39
 73
 94
Total revenues(955) (632) (1,708) (1,212)
Operating expense1,309
 1,691
 2,784
 3,743
Income/ (loss) before income taxes(2,264) (2,323) (4,492) (4,955)
Income tax expense/ (benefit) (2)11,921
 (1,412) 11,402
 (2,093)
Net income/ (loss) from continuing operations(14,185) (911) (15,894) (2,862)
Discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company$(14,187) $152
 $(14,198) $(167)
        
Assets (including eliminations)$(78,137) $(86,269) $(78,137) $(86,269)
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Holding Company and Eliminations(In thousands)
Net interest income$(671) $(552) $(1,306) $(1,100)
Fees and other income39
 43
 94
 230
Total revenues(632) (509) (1,212) (870)
Operating expense1,691
 1,834
 3,743
 3,698
Income/ (loss) before income taxes(2,323) (2,343) (4,955) (4,568)
Income tax expense/ (benefit)(1,412) (606) (2,093) (1,630)
Net income/ (loss) from continuing operations(911) (1,737) (2,862) (2,938)
Discontinued operations1,063
 1,245
 2,695
 3,310
Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company$152
 $(492) $(167) $372
        
Assets$(86,269) $(94,606) $(86,269) $(94,606)
Depreciation$
 $10
 $
 $21
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
Total Company(In thousands)(In thousands)
Net interest income$57,145
 $49,169
 $110,787
 $99,048
$57,545
 $57,145
 $114,928
 $110,787
Fees and other income38,018
 36,795
 74,524
 74,817
32,095
 38,018
 71,838
 74,524
Total revenues95,163
 85,964
 185,311
 173,865
89,640
 95,163
 186,766
 185,311
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(6,114) (2,535) (6,295) (5,668)453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)
Operating expense67,821
 64,731
 136,601
 131,440
64,384
 67,821
 135,241
 136,601
Income before income taxes33,456
 23,768
 55,005
 48,093
24,803
 33,456
 52,867
 55,005
Income tax expense9,963
 7,626
 16,516
 15,064
17,399
 9,963
 23,425
 16,516
Net income from continuing operations23,493
 16,142
 38,489
 33,029
7,404
 23,493
 29,442
 38,489
Noncontrolling interests1,150
 989
 2,116
 1,900
968
 1,150
 2,018
 2,116
Discontinued operations1,063
 1,245
 2,695
 3,310
(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income attributable to the Company$23,406
 $16,398
 $39,068
 $34,439
$6,434
 $23,406
 $29,120
 $39,068
              
Assets$8,107,646
 $7,579,601
 $8,107,646
 $7,579,601
$8,716,203
 $8,107,646
 $8,716,203
 $8,107,646
Amortization of intangibles$1,426
 $1,586
 $2,852
 $3,172
$749
 $1,426
 $1,499
 $2,852
Depreciation$1,980
 $1,698
 $3,980
 $3,374
$2,561
 $1,980
 $4,663
 $3,980
_____________________
(1)Operating expense related toResults for the WealthInvestment Management and Trust segment includes no restructuring expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 respectively,include results for DGHM and $0.9 million and $2.0 million of restructuring expensesAnchor. Results for the Investment Management segment for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively.2018 include results for DGHM and results for Anchor through its sale date in April 2018. Assets for the Investment Management Segment at June 30, 2017 include assets of DGHM and Anchor. Assets for the Investment Management segment at June 30, 2018 include assets of DGHM.
(2)Income tax expense/ (benefit) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 include $12.7 million in additional expense related to the sale of Anchor in April 2018.



14

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

4.    Investments
The following table presentstables present a summary of investment securities:
Amortized
Cost
 Unrealized 
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 Unrealized 
Fair
Value
Gains Losses Gains Losses 
(In thousands)
As of June 30, 2017       
At June 30, 2018       
Available-for-sale securities at fair value:              
U.S. government and agencies$35,214
 $38
 $(593) $34,659
$35,061
 $
 $(1,361) $33,700
Government-sponsored entities305,318
 997
 (1,185) 305,130
275,881
 
 (6,277) 269,604
Municipal bonds294,616
 4,674
 (2,187) 297,103
297,257
 1,722
 (3,790) 295,189
Mortgage-backed securities (1)557,148
 785
 (11,429) 546,504
493,644
 260
 (23,372) 470,532
Other4,875
 454
 (5) 5,324
7,942
 
 
 7,942
Total$1,197,171
 $6,948
 $(15,399) $1,188,720
$1,109,785
 $1,982
 $(34,800) $1,076,967
              
Held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost:              
U.S. government and agencies$14,975
 $
 (4) $14,971
$11,902
 $2
 $
 $11,904
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$84,049
 $75
 $(382) $83,742
67,053
 
 (2,210) 64,843
Total$99,024
 $75
 $(386) $98,713
$78,955
 $2
 $(2,210) $76,747
              
As of December 31, 2016       
At December 31, 2017       
Available-for-sale securities at fair value:              
U.S. government and agencies$40,704
 $86
 $(854) $39,936
$35,132
 $
 $(833) $34,299
Government-sponsored entities337,865
 1,058
 (2,259) 336,664
305,101
 22
 (2,622) 302,501
Municipal bonds296,271
 2,116
 (4,990) 293,397
299,647
 4,559
 (1,148) 303,058
Mortgage-backed securities (1)584,960
 928
 (15,561) 570,327
521,753
 491
 (12,568) 509,676
Other23,361
 447
 
 23,808
20,794
 
 
 20,794
Total$1,283,161
 $4,635
 $(23,664) $1,264,132
$1,182,427
 $5,072
 $(17,171) $1,170,328
              
Held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost:              
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$93,079
 $1
 $(476) $92,604
$74,576
 $
 $(795) $73,781
Total$93,079
 $1
 $(476) $92,604
$74,576
 $
 $(795) $73,781
_____________________
(1) All mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, or government-sponsored entities.
The following table presents the maturities of available-for-sale investment securities, based on contractual maturity, as of June 30, 20172018. Certain securities are callable before their final maturity. Additionally, certain securities (such as mortgage-backed securities) are shown within the table below based on their final (contractual) maturity, but due to prepayments and amortization are expected to have shorter lives.
Available-for-sale SecuritiesAvailable-for-sale Securities
Amortized
cost
 
Fair
value
Amortized
cost
 
Fair
value
(In thousands)
Within one year$47,251
 $47,738
$75,733
 $75,473
After one, but within five years334,792
 336,184
313,162
 306,903
After five, but within ten years334,083
 327,470
312,887
 298,202
Greater than ten years481,045
 477,328
408,003
 396,389
Total$1,197,171
 $1,188,720
$1,109,785
 $1,076,967

15

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following table presents the maturities of held-to-maturity investment securities, based on contractual maturity, as of June 30, 20172018.
Held-to-maturity SecuritiesHeld-to-maturity Securities
Amortized
cost
 
Fair
value
Amortized
cost
 
Fair
value
(In thousands)
Within one year$14,975
 $14,971
$11,902
 $11,904
After one, but within five years
 

 
After five, but within ten years14,327
 14,300
33,063
 32,020
Greater than ten years69,722
 69,442
33,990
 32,823
Total$99,024
 $98,713
$78,955
 $76,747
The following table presents the proceeds from sales, gross realized gains and gross realized losses for available-for-sale securities that were sold or called during the following periods:periods as well as changes in the fair value of equity securities as prescribed by ASC 321, Investment - Equity Securities. ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurements of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities was adopted on January 1, 2018, at which time a cumulative effect adjustment of $339 thousand was recorded to reclassify the amount of accumulated unrealized gains related to equity securities from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)
Proceeds from sales and calls$70,314
 $13,840
 $103,031
 $29,132
$19,673
 $70,314
 $35,550
 $103,031
Realized gains255
 245
 274
 247

 255
 7
 274
Realized losses(18) 
 (18) (1)
 (18) (1) (18)
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on equity securities reflected in the consolidated statement of operations7
 n/a
 (23) n/a
The following tables present information regarding securities as ofat June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 having temporary impairment, due to the fair values having declined below the amortized cost of the individual securities, and the time period that the investments have been temporarily impaired.
Less than 12 months 12 months or longer TotalLess than 12 months 12 months or longer Total
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
# of
securities
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
# of
securities
June 30, 2017             
(In thousands, except number of securities)
June 30, 2018             
Available-for-sale securities(In thousands)             
U.S. government and agencies$24,367
 $(587) $292
 $(6) $24,659
 $(593) 4
$9,861
 $(114) $23,839
 $(1,247) $33,700
 $(1,361) 6
Government-sponsored entities97,093
 (1,185) 
 
 97,093
 (1,185) 15
212,331
 (4,038) 57,273
 (2,239) 269,604
 (6,277) 40
Municipal bonds74,816
 (2,144) 2,020
 (43) 76,836
 (2,187) 47
132,307
 (1,526) 49,256
 (2,264) 181,563
 (3,790) 95
Mortgage-backed securities (1)457,585
 (9,874) 45,366
 (1,555) 502,951
 (11,429) 103
98,941
 (3,400) 358,348
 (19,972) 457,289
 (23,372) 112
Other16
 (5) 
 
 16
 (5) 2
Total$653,877
 $(13,795) $47,678
 $(1,604) $701,555
 $(15,399) 171
$453,440
 $(9,078) $488,716
 $(25,722) $942,156
 $(34,800) 253
                          
Held-to-maturity securities                          
U.S. government and agencies14,971
 (4) 
 
 14,971
 (4) 4
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$66,362
 $(382) $
 $
 $66,362
 $(382) 13
$48,598
 $(1,643) $16,245
 $(567) $64,843
 $(2,210) 16
Total$81,333
 $(386) $
 $
 $81,333
 $(386) 17
$48,598
 $(1,643) $16,245
 $(567) $64,843
 $(2,210) 16

16

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Less than 12 months 12 months or longer TotalLess than 12 months 12 months or longer Total
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
# of
securities
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
# of
securities
(In thousands, except number of securities)(In thousands, except number of securities)
December 31, 2016             
December 31, 2017             
Available-for-sale securities                          
U.S. government and agencies$19,094
 $(838) $643
 $(16) $19,737
 $(854) 4
$14,902
 $(79) $19,397
 $(754) $34,299
 $(833) 6
Government-sponsored entities125,412
 (2,259) 
 
 125,412
 (2,259) 18
220,275
 (1,350) 38,273
 (1,272) 258,548
 (2,622) 36
Municipal bonds182,395
 (4,957) 2,720
 (33) 185,115
 (4,990) 109
46,112
 (131) 50,842
 (1,017) 96,954
 (1,148) 63
Mortgage-backed securities (1)492,008
 (13,988) 41,544
 (1,573) 533,552
 (15,561) 99
97,117
 (903) 386,785
 (11,665) 483,902
 (12,568) 103
Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total$818,909
 $(22,042) $44,907
 $(1,622) $863,816
 $(23,664) 230
$378,406
 $(2,463) $495,297
 $(14,708) $873,703
 $(17,171) 208
                          
Held-to-maturity securities                          
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$87,483
 $(476) $
 $
 $87,483
 $(476) 15
$59,218
 $(534) $14,563
 $(261) $73,781
 $(795) 16
Total$87,483
 $(476) $
 $
 $87,483
 $(476) 15
$59,218
 $(534) $14,563
 $(261) $73,781
 $(795) 16
_____________________
(1) All mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, or government-sponsored entities.

As of June 30, 2017,2018, the U.S. government and agencies securities, government-sponsored entities securities and mortgage-backed securities in the first table above had current Standard and Poor’s credit ratings of at least AA+. The mortgage-backed securities in the table above had current Standard and Poor’s credit ratings of at least AA.AAA. The municipal bonds in the first table above had a current Standard and Poor’s credit rating of at least AA- or a current Moody’s credit rating of at least Aa2. The other securities consisted of equity securities.AA-. At June 30, 2017,2018, the Company does not consider these investments other-than-temporarily impaired because the decline in fair value on investments is primarily attributed to changes in interest rates and not credit quality.
As of December 31, 2016, the U.S. government and agencies, and mortgage-backed securities in the table above had current Standard and Poor’s credit ratings of AAA. The municipal bonds in the table above had a current Standard and Poor’s credit rating of at least AA-. The other securities consisted of equity securities.
At June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, the amount of investment securities in an unrealized loss position greater than 12 months, as well as in total, was primarily due to changes in interest rates.rates and not credit quality. As of June 30, 2017,2018, the Company had no intent to sell any securities in an unrealized loss position and it is not more likely than not that the Company would be forced to sell any of these securities prior to the full recovery of all unrealized loss amounts.
Cost method investments, which are included in other assets, can be temporarily impaired when the fair values decline below the amortized costs of the individual investments. There were no cost method investments with unrealized losses as of June 30, 20172018 or December 31, 2016.2017. The Company’s cost method investments primarily include low income housing partnerships which generate tax credits. The Company also holds partnership interests in venture capital funds formed to provide financing to small businesses and to promote community development. The Company had $34.1$46.0 million and $34.2$39.4 million in cost method investments included in other assets as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

5.    Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined under GAAP as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value. Financial instruments are considered Level 1 when valuation can be based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 financial instruments are valued using quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or models using inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data of substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable and when determination of the fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

17

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following tables present the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:
As of June 30, 2017 Fair value measurements at reporting date using:As of June 30, 2018 Fair value measurements at reporting date using:
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
Assets:              
Available-for-sale securities:              
U.S. government and agencies$34,659
 $34,366
 $293
 $
$33,700
 $33,570
 $130
 $
Government-sponsored entities305,130
 
 305,130
 
269,604
 
 269,604
 
Municipal bonds297,103
 
 297,103
 
295,189
 
 295,189
 
Mortgage-backed securities546,504
 
 546,504
 
470,532
 
 470,532
 
Other5,324
 5,324
 
 
7,942
 7,942
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities1,188,720
 39,690
 1,149,030
 
1,076,967
 41,512
 1,035,455
 
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps16,120
 
 16,120
 
26,865
 
 26,865
 
Derivatives - interest rate swaps1,197
 
 1,197
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreement24
 
 24
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards1
 
 1
 
1
 
 1
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreement1
 
 1
 
Other investments6,624
 6,624
 
 
Trading securities held in a “rabbi trust”7,392
 7,392
 
 
              
Liabilities:              
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps$16,294
 $
 $16,294
 $
$27,290
 $
 $27,290
 $
Derivatives - risk participation agreement113
 
 113
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards1
 
 1
 
1
 
 1
 
Derivatives - interest rate swaps736
 
 736
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreement141
 
 141
 
Other liabilities6,624
 6,624
 
 
Deferred compensation “rabbi trust”7,392
 7,392
 
 



18

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

  Fair value measurements at reporting date using:  Fair value measurements at reporting date using:
As of December 31, 2016 
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
As of December 31, 2017 
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
Assets:              
Available-for-sale securities:              
U.S. government and agencies$39,936
 $39,293
 $643
 $
$34,299
 $34,096
 $203
 $
Government-sponsored entities336,664
 
 336,664
 
302,501
 
 302,501
 
Municipal bonds293,397
 
 293,397
 
303,058
 
 303,058
 
Mortgage-backed securities570,327
 
 570,327
 
509,676
 
 509,676
 
Other23,808
 23,808
 
 
20,794
 20,794
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities1,264,132
 63,101
 1,201,031
 
1,170,328
 54,890
 1,115,438
 
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps17,032
 
 17,032
 
18,575
 
 18,575
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreement15
 
 15
 
Other investments6,110
 6,110
 
 
Derivatives - interest rate swaps555
 
 555
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreements1
 
 1
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards2
 
 2
 
Trading securities held in a rabbi trust7,062
 7,062
 
 
              
Liabilities:              
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps$16,560
 $
 $16,560
 $
$18,953
 $
 $18,953
 $
Derivatives - interest rate swaps1,040
 
 1,040
 
80
 
 80
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreement6
 
 6
 
Other liabilities6,110
 6,110
 
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreements108
 
 108
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards2
 
 2
 
Deferred compensation rabbi trust7,062
 7,062
 
 
As of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, available-for-sale securities consisted primarily of U.S. government and agencies securities, government-sponsored entities securities, municipal bonds, mortgage-backed securities, and other available-for-sale securities. The equities (which are categorized as other available-for-sale securities)Available-for-sale Level 1 securities are valued with prices quoted in active markets. Themarkets and include U.S. Treasury securities as of both June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, are valued with prices quoted in active markets. Therefore, they have been categorized as a Level 1 measurement. The government-sponsored entities securities, municipal bonds, mortgage-backed securities, and certain investments in Small Business Administration (“SBA”) loans (which are categorized as U.S. government and agencies securities) and equities (which are categorized as other available-for-sale securities). Available-for-sale Level 2 securities generally have quoted prices but are traded less frequently than exchange-traded securities and can be priced using market data from similar assets. Therefore, they have beenassets and include government-sponsored entities securities, municipal bonds, mortgage-backed securities, and certain investments in SBA loans (which are categorized as a Level 2 measurement.U.S. government and agencies securities). No investments held as of June 30, 20172018 or December 31, 20162017 were categorized as Level 3. There were no changes in the valuation techniques used for measuring the fair value of available-for-sale securities in the six month periodsmonths ended June 30, 2017 or 2016.2018.
In managing its interest rate and credit risk, the Company utilizes derivative instruments such asincluding interest rate customer swaps, interest rate swaps, and risk participation agreements. As a service to its customers, the Company may utilize derivative instruments such asincluding customer foreign exchange forward contracts to manage its foreign exchange risk, if any. The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities. Therefore,volatilities, and therefore, they have been categorized as a Level 2 measurement as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements-NoteStatements - Note 8: Derivatives and Hedging Activities” for further details.
To comply with the provisions of ASC 820, the Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, the Company has considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts and guarantees. Counterparty exposure is evaluated by netting positions that are subject to master netting agreements, as well as considering the amount of collateral securing the position.
The Company has determined that the inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, although the credit valuation adjustments associated with its derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default by itself and its counterparties. As a result, the Company has
19

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The Company has determined that the majority of inputs used to value its derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. As a result, the Company has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017.
Other investments, which are not considered available-for-sale investments, consist of deferred compensation trusts, whichTrading securities held in a rabbi trust consist of publicly traded mutual fund investments that are valued at prices quoted in active markets. Therefore, they have been categorized as a Level 1 measurement as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017.
The Company accounts for its investments held in the rabbi trust in accordance with ASC 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities. The investments held in the rabbi trust are classified as trading securities. The assets of the rabbi trust are carried at their fair value within Other assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of the securities are recorded as an increase or decrease in Other income each quarter. The deferred compensation accrual reflects the market value of the securities and is included within Other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of the accrual are recorded as an increase or decrease in Other expense each quarter.
There were no transfers between levels for assets or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis during the three orand six month periodsmonths ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017.
There were no Level 3 assets valued on a recurring basis at June 30, 20172018 or December 31, 2016.2017.
The following tables present the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis during the periods ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:fall.
 As of June 30, 2018 Fair value measurements at reporting date using: Gain (losses) from fair value changes
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
 Three months ended June 30, 2018 Six months ended June 30, 2018
(In thousands)
Assets:           
Impaired loans (1)$3,051
 $
 $
 $3,051
 $(711) $(927)
_____________________
(1)Collateral-dependent impaired loans held at June 30, 2018 that had write-downs in fair value or whose specific reserve changed during the first six months of 2018.
 As of June 30, 2017 Fair value measurements at reporting date using: Gain (losses) from fair value changes
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
 Three months ended June 30, 2017 Six months ended June 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Assets:           
Impaired loans (1)$1,040
 $
 $
 $1,040
 $(221) $(219)
_____________________
(1)Collateral-dependent impaired loans held at June 30, 2017 that had write-downs in fair value or whose specific reserve changed during the first six months of 2017.

20

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)
 As of June 30, 2016 Fair value measurements at reporting date using: Gain (losses) from fair value changes
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
 Three months ended June 30, 2016 Six months ended June 30, 2016
(In thousands)
Assets:           
Impaired loans (1)$7,806
 $
 $
 $7,806
 $
 $(2,064)

_____________________
(1)Collateral-dependent impaired loans held at June 30, 2016 that had write-downs in fair value or whose specific reserve changed during the first six months of 2016.
The following table presentstables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
 As of June 30, 2017
 Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
 (In thousands)  
Impaired Loans$1,040
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 0% - 7% 6%
Appraisal adjustments 0% - 20% 16%


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 As of June 30, 2018
 Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
 (In thousands)  
Impaired Loans$3,051
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 0% - 24% 9%
Appraisal adjustments 0% - 20% 7%
As of June 30, 2016As of June 30, 2017
Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
(In thousands) (In thousands) 
Impaired Loans$7,806
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 6% - 13% 7%$1,040
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 0% - 7% 6%
Appraisal adjustments 20% - 40% 37%Appraisal adjustments 0% - 20% 16%
Impaired loans include those loans that were adjusted to the fair value of underlying collateral as required under ASC 310, Receivables. The amount does not include impaired loans that are measured based on expected future cash flows discounted at the respective loan’s original effective interest rate, as that amount is not considered a fair value measurement. The Company uses appraisals, which management may adjust to reflect estimated fair value declines, or apply other discounts to appraised values for unobservable factors resulting from its knowledge of the property or consideration of broker quotes. The appraisers use a market, income, and/or a cost approach in determining the value of the collateral. Therefore they have been categorized as a Level 3 measurement.
The following tables present the carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
As of June 30, 2017As of June 30, 2018
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical
assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS:                  
Cash and cash equivalents$97,032
 $97,032
 $97,032
 $
 $
$364,539
 $364,539
 $364,539
 $
 $
Investment securities held-to-maturity99,024
 98,713
 14,971
 83,742
 
78,955
 76,747
 11,904
 64,843
 
Loans held for sale2,870
 2,926
 
 2,926
 
4,622
 4,691
 
 4,691
 
Loans, net6,204,919
 6,237,522
 
 
 6,237,522
6,693,659
 6,680,524
 
 
 6,680,524
Other financial assets78,887
 78,887
 
 78,887
 
104,264
 104,264
 
 104,264
 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:                  
Deposits6,381,339
 6,381,071
 
 6,381,071
 
6,620,179
 6,617,149
 
 6,617,149
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase29,232
 29,232
 
 29,232
 
58,824
 58,824
 
 58,824
 
Federal funds purchased40,000
 40,000
 
 40,000
 
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings618,989
 620,176
 
 620,176
 
1,056,938
 1,053,066
 
 1,053,066
 
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
Other financial liabilities1,889
 1,889
 
 1,889
 
3,465
 3,465
 
 3,465
 


21

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

As of December 31, 2016As of December 31, 2017
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical
assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS:                  
Cash and cash equivalents$106,557
 $106,557
 $106,557
 $
 $
$120,541
 $120,541
 $120,541
 $
 $
Investment securities held-to-maturity93,079
 92,604
 
 92,604
 
74,576
 73,781
 
 73,781
 
Loans held for sale3,464
 3,428
 
 3,428
 
4,697
 4,737
 
 4,737
 
Loans, net6,036,277
 6,021,611
 
 
 6,021,611
6,430,286
 6,388,297
 
 
 6,388,297
Other financial assets77,956
 77,956
 
 77,956
 
93,449
 93,449
 
 93,449
 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:                  
Deposits6,085,146
 6,084,765
 
 6,084,765
 
6,510,246
 6,509,197
 
 6,509,197
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase59,624
 59,624
 
 59,624
 
32,169
 32,169
 
 32,169
 
Federal funds purchased80,000
 80,000
 
 80,000
 
30,000
 30,000
 
 30,000
 
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings734,205
 734,941
 
 734,941
 
693,681
 692,402
 
 692,402
 
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
Other financial liabilities1,942
 1,942
 
 1,942
 
2,224
 2,224
 
 2,224
 
The estimated fair values have been determined by using available quoted market information or other appropriate valuation methodologies. The aggregate fair value amounts presented above do not represent the underlying value of the financial assets and liabilities toof the Company taken as a whole as they do not reflect any premium or discount the Company might recognize if the assetassets were sold or the liabilityliabilities sold, settled, or redeemend.redeemed. An excess of fair value over book value on financial assets represents a premium, or gain, the Company might recognize if the assetassets were sold, while an excess of book value over fair value on financial liabilities represents a premium, or gain, the companyCompany might recognize if the liabilityliabilities were sold, settled, or redeemed prior to maturity. Conversely, losses would be recognized if an asset wasassets were sold where the book value exceeded the fair value or a liability wasliabilities were sold where the fair value exceeded the book value.
The fair value estimates provided are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and the characteristics of the financial instrument. The estimates do not provide for any premiums or discounts that could result from concentrations of ownership of a financial instrument. Because no active market exists for some of the Company’s financial instruments, certain fair value estimates are based on subjective judgments regarding current economic conditions, risk characteristics of the financial instruments, future expected loss experience, prepayment assumptions, and other factors. The resulting estimates involve uncertainties and are considered best estimates. Changes made to any of the underlying assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents
The carrying value reported in the balance sheetssheet for cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of their maturities and are classified as Level 1.
Held-to-maturity investment securities
Held-to-maturity securities currently include mortgage-backed securities and U.S. Treasury securities. The U.S.U.S Treasury securities as of June 30, 20172018 are valued with prices quoted in active markets. Therefore, they have been categorized as a Level 1 measurement. There were no U.S. Treasury securities held-to-maturity as of December 31, 2016.2017. The mortgage-backed securities are fixed income instruments that are not quoted on an exchange, but may be traded in active markets. The fair value of these securities is based on quoted market prices obtained from external pricing services. The principal market for our securities portfolio is the secondary institutional market, with an exit price that is predominantly reflective of bid level pricing in that market. Accordingly, these held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities are included in the Level 2 fair value category.

22

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Loans held for sale
Loans held for sale are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value in the aggregate. Fair value estimates are based on actual commitments to sell the loans to investors at an agreed upon price or current market prices if rates have changed since the time the loan closed. Accordingly, loans held for sale are included in the Level 2 fair value category.
Loans, net
Fair value estimates are based on loans with similar financial characteristics. Fair valuesFollowing the adoption of commercial and residential mortgage loans are estimated by discounting contractual cash flows adjustedASU 2016-01 in 2018, the Company updated its process for prepayment estimates and using discount rates approximately equal to current market rates on loans with similar credit and interest rate characteristics and maturities. The fair value estimates for home equity and other loans are based on outstanding loan terms and pricing in the local markets. The method of estimating the fair value of the loans, disclosed in the table above does not incorporate the exit price concept in the presentationnet of allowance for loan losses. The updated process estimates the fair value of these financial instruments.loans using the exit price notion, which includes identifying an exit price using current market information for origination rates and making certain adjustments to incorporate credit risk, transaction costs and other adjustments utilizing publicly available rates and indicies. Net loans are included in the Level 3 fair value category based upon the inputs and valuation techniques used. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” for additional information on ASU 2016-01.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets consist of accrued interest and fees receivable, and stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLB”) and the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), for which the carrying amount approximates fair value, and are classified as Level 2.
Deposits
The fair values reported for transaction accounts (demand, NOW, savings, and money market) equal their respective book values reported on the balance sheetssheet and are classified as Level 2. The fair values disclosed are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair values for certificates of deposit are based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rates used are representative of approximate rates currently offered on certificates of deposit with similar remaining maturities and are classified as Level 2.
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
The fair value of securities sold under agreements to repurchase is estimated based on contractual cash flows discounted at the Bank’s incremental borrowing rate for FHLB borrowings with similar maturities and therefore these securities have been classified as Level 2.
Federal funds purchased
The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, if any, approximate fair value due to their short-term nature and therefore these funds have been classified as Level 2.
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
The fair value reported for FHLB borrowings is estimated based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate used is based on the Bank’s estimated current incremental borrowing rate for FHLB borrowings of similar maturities and therefore these borrowings have been classified as Level 2.
Junior subordinated debentures
The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures issued by Boston Private Capital Trust I and Boston Private Capital Trust II were estimated using Level 3 inputs such as the interest rates on these securities, current rates for similar debt, a consideration for illiquidity of trading in the debt, and regulatory changes that would result in an unfavorable change in the regulatory capital treatment of this type of debt.
Other financial liabilities
Other financial liabilities consistconsists of accrued interest payable for which the carrying amount approximates fair value and is classified as Level 2.
Financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk
The Bank’s commitments to originate loans and for unused lines and outstanding letters of credit are primarily at market interest rates and therefore, the carrying amount approximates fair value.

23

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


6.    Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality
The Bank’s lending activities are conducted principally in the regions of New England, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California. The Bank originates single and multi-family residential loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans, commercial tax exempttax-exempt loans, construction and land loans, and home equity and other consumer loans. Most loans are secured by borrowers’ personal or business assets. The ability of the Bank’s single family residential and consumer borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic conditions within the Bank’s lending areas. Commercial, construction, and land borrowers’ ability to repay is generally dependent upon the health of the economy and real estate values, including, in particular, the performance of the construction sector. Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of the Bank’s loan portfolio is susceptible to changing conditions in the New England, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California economies and real estate markets.
Total loans include deferred loan origination (fees)/ costs, net, of $6.6 million and $5.9 million as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio bybased on the portfolio segment andas of the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$583,193
 $520,992
Commercial tax-exempt438,882
 418,698
Total commercial and industrial1,022,075
 939,690
Commercial real estate2,504,521
 2,440,220
Construction and land172,024
 164,990
Residential2,808,206
 2,682,533
Home equity91,801
 99,958
Consumer and other168,496
 177,637
Total$6,767,123
 $6,505,028
The following table presents nonaccrual loans receivable by class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$541,756
 $611,370
Commercial tax exempt416,157
 398,604
Total commercial and industrial957,913
 1,009,974
Commercial real estate2,356,345
 2,302,244
Construction and land130,904
 104,839
Residential2,525,225
 2,379,861
Home equity108,549
 118,817
Consumer and other200,992
 198,619
Total$6,279,928
 $6,114,354
The following table presents nonaccrual loans receivable by portfolio segment and class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$697
 $572
$1,412
 $748
Commercial tax exempt
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
Total commercial and industrial697
 572
1,412
 748
Commercial real estate3,004
 4,583
1,838
 1,985
Construction and land232
 179

 110
Residential11,173
 10,908
9,610
 8,470
Home equity1,070
 1,072
2,789
 2,840
Consumer and other
 1
2
 142
Total$16,176
 $17,315
$15,651
 $14,295
The Bank’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest on a loan when the collectability of principal or interest is in doubt. In certain instances, although infrequent, loans that have become 90 days or more past due may remain on accrual status if the value of the collateral securing the loan is sufficient to cover principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. There were no loans 90 days or more past due, but still accruing as of both June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017. The Bank’s policy for returning a loan to accrual status requires the loan to be brought current and for the client to show a history of making timely payments (generally six consecutive months). For troubled debt restructured loans (“TDRs”), a return to accrual status generally requires timely payments for a period of six months in accordance with the restructured loan terms, along with meeting other criteria.

24

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following tables show the payment status of loans receivable by class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2017June 30, 2018
Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    
30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 
90 Days or
Greater
Past Due
 Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans 
Total
Loans
Receivable
30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 
90 Days or
Greater
Past Due
 Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans 
Total
Loans
Receivable
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$665
 $
 $665
 $445
 $78
 $174
 $697
 $540,394
 $541,756
$521
 $
 $521
 $367
 $203
 $842
 $1,412
 $581,260
 $583,193
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 416,157
 416,157
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 438,882
 438,882
Commercial real estate
 182
 182
 970
 101
 1,933
 3,004
 2,353,159
 2,356,345

 
 
 
 
 1,838
 1,838
 2,502,683
 2,504,521
Construction and land
 
 
 65
 17
 150
 232
 130,672
 130,904

 
 
 
 
 
 
 172,024
 172,024
Residential
 1,140
 1,140
 4,251
 233
 6,689
 11,173
 2,512,912
 2,525,225

 3,641
 3,641
 2,603
 800
 6,207
 9,610
 2,794,955
 2,808,206
Home equity90
 339
 429
 
 
 1,070
 1,070
 107,050
 108,549
473
 339
 812
 
 65
 2,724
 2,789
 88,200
 91,801
Consumer and other747
 31
 778
 
 
 
 
 200,214
 200,992

 3
 3
 
 
 2
 2
 168,491
 168,496
Total$1,502
 $1,692
 $3,194
 $5,731
 $429
 $10,016
 $16,176
 $6,260,558
 $6,279,928
$994
 $3,983
 $4,977
 $2,970
 $1,068
 $11,613
 $15,651
 $6,746,495
 $6,767,123
December 31, 2016December 31, 2017
Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    
30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans Total Loans Receivable30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans Total Loans Receivable
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$541
 $1,078
 $1,619
 $537
 $
 $35
 $572
 $609,179
 $611,370
$10,903
 $849
 $11,752
 $355
 $
 $393
 $748
 $508,492
 $520,992
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 398,604
 398,604
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 418,698
 418,698
Commercial real estate3,096
 
 3,096
 2,311
 835
 1,437
 4,583
 2,294,565
 2,302,244
4,043
 
 4,043
 163
 
 1,822
 1,985
 2,434,192
 2,440,220
Construction and land
 
 
 129
 12
 38
 179
 104,660
 104,839

 
 
 
 
 110
 110
 164,880
 164,990
Residential3,646
 536
 4,182
 2,148
 1,274
 7,486
 10,908
 2,364,771
 2,379,861
7,239
 1,635
 8,874
 805
 3,172
 4,493
 8,470
 2,665,189
 2,682,533
Home equity245
 
 245
 
 80
 992
 1,072
 117,500
 118,817
355
 
 355
 
 71
 2,769
 2,840
 96,763
 99,958
Consumer and other5,995
 
 5,995
 1
 
 
 1
 192,623
 198,619
24
 
 24
 17
 125
 
 142
 177,471
 177,637
Total$13,523
 $1,614
 $15,137
 $5,126
 $2,201
 $9,988
 $17,315
 $6,081,902
 $6,114,354
$22,564
 $2,484
 $25,048
 $1,340
 $3,368
 $9,587
 $14,295
 $6,465,685
 $6,505,028
Nonaccrual and delinquent loans are affected by many factors, such as economic and business conditions, interest rates, unemployment levels, and real estate collateral values, among others. In periods of prolonged economic decline, borrowers may become more severely affected over time as liquidity levels decline and the borrower’s ability to continue to make payments deteriorates. With respect to real estate collateral values, the declines from the peak, as well as the value of the real estate at the time of origination versus the current value, can impact the level of problem loans. For instance, if the loan to value ratio at the time of renewal has increased due to the decline in the real estate value since origination, the loan may no longer meet the Bank’s underwriting standards and may be considered for classification as a problem loan dependent upon a review of risk factors.
Generally when a collateral dependent loan becomes impaired, an updated appraisal of the collateral, if appropriate, is obtained. If the impaired loan has not been upgraded to a performing status within a reasonable amount of time, the Bank will continue to obtain updated appraisals as deemed necessary, especially during periods of declining property values.
The past due status of a loan is determined in accordance with its contractual repayment terms. All loan types are reported past due when one scheduled payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more.

25

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Credit Quality Indicators
The Bank uses a risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio. Loan classifications are assessments made by the Bank of the status of the loans based on the facts and circumstances known to the Bank, including management’s judgment, at the time of assessment. Some or all of these classifications may change in the future if there are unexpected changes in the financial condition of the borrower, including but not limited to, changes resulting from continuing deterioration in general economic conditions on a national basis or in the local markets in which the Bank operates adversely affecting, among other things, real estate values. Such conditions, as well as other factors which adversely affect borrowers’ ability to service or repay loans, typically result in changes in loan default and charge-off rates, and increased provisions for loan losses, which would adversely affect the Company’s financial performance and financial condition. These circumstances are not entirely foreseeable and, as a result, it may not be possible to accurately reflect them in the Company’s analysis of credit risk. Generally, only commercial loans, including commercial real estate, other commercial and industrial loans, commercial tax exempttax-exempt loans, and construction and land loans, are given a numerical grade.
A summary of the rating system used by the Bank, repeated here from Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Data - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, follows:
Pass - All loans graded as pass are considered acceptable credit quality by the Bank and are grouped for purposes of calculating the allowance for loan losses. For residential, home equity and consumer loans, the Bank classifies loans as pass unless there is known information such as delinquency or client requests for modifications which, due to financial difficulty, would then generally result in a risk rating such as special mention or more severe depending on the factors.
Special Mention - Loans rated in this category are defined as having potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit or the Bank’s credit position. These loans are currently protected but have the potential to deteriorate to a substandard rating. For commercial loans, the borrower’s financial performance may be inconsistent or below forecast, creating the possibility of liquidity problems and shrinking debt service coverage. In loans having this rating, the primary source of repayment is still good, but there is increasing reliance on collateral or guarantor support. Collectability of the loan is not yet in jeopardy. In particular, loans in this category are considered more variable than other categories, since they will typically migrate through categories more quickly.
Substandard - Loans rated in this category are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. A substandard credit has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans may be either still accruing or nonaccruing depending upon the severity of the risk and other factors such as the value of the collateral, if any, and past due status.
Doubtful - Loans rated in this category indicate that collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, is highly questionable and improbable. Loans in this category are usually on nonaccrual and classified as impaired.
The following tables present the loan portfolio’s credit risk profile by internally assigned grade and class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2018
 By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  
 Pass 
Special
Mention
 
Accruing
Classified (1)
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 Total
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$567,334
 $6,845
 $7,602
 $1,412
 $583,193
Commercial tax-exempt438,882
 
 
 
 438,882
Commercial real estate2,426,821
 46,603
 29,259
 1,838
 2,504,521
Construction and land164,760
 
 7,264
 
 172,024
Residential2,797,270
 
 1,326
 9,610
 2,808,206
Home equity89,012
 
 
 2,789
 91,801
Consumer and other168,492
 
 2
 2
 168,496
Total$6,652,571
 $53,448
 $45,453
 $15,651
 $6,767,123

26

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 December 31, 2017
 By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  
 Pass Special
Mention
 Accruing
Classified (1)
 Nonaccrual
Loans
 Total
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$496,395
 $12,898
 $10,951
 $748
 $520,992
Commercial tax-exempt413,139
 5,559
 
 
 418,698
Commercial real estate2,346,833
 56,947
 34,455
 1,985
 2,440,220
Construction and land146,514
 11,770
 6,596
 110
 164,990
Residential2,672,714
 
 1,349
 8,470
 2,682,533
Home equity97,118
 
 
 2,840
 99,958
Consumer and other177,494
 
 1
 142
 177,637
Total$6,350,207
 $87,174
 $53,352
 $14,295
 $6,505,028
______________________
(1)Accruing Classified includes both Substandard and Doubtful classifications.
 June 30, 2017
 By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  
 Pass Special Mention Accruing Substandard Nonaccrual Loans Total
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$522,349
 $12,135
 $6,575
 $697
 $541,756
Commercial tax exempt410,535
 5,622
 
 
 416,157
Commercial real estate2,273,184
 40,177
 39,980
 3,004
 2,356,345
Construction and land123,420
 4,330
 2,922
 232
 130,904
Residential2,512,682
 
 1,370
 11,173
 2,525,225
Home equity107,479
 
 
 1,070
 108,549
Consumer and other200,741
 
 251
 
 200,992
Total$6,150,390
 $62,264
 $51,098
 $16,176
 $6,279,928

27
 December 31, 2016
 By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  
 Pass Special Mention Accruing Substandard Nonaccrual Loans Total
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$591,388
 $10,133
 $9,277
 $572
 $611,370
Commercial tax exempt388,544
 10,060
 
 
 398,604
Commercial real estate2,230,732
 17,233
 49,696
 4,583
 2,302,244
Construction and land101,254
 109
 3,297
 179
 104,839
Residential2,367,554
 
 1,399
 10,908
 2,379,861
Home equity117,745
 
 
 1,072
 118,817
Consumer and other198,616
 
 2
 1
 198,619
Total$5,995,833
 $37,535
 $63,671
 $17,315
 $6,114,354

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following tables present, by class of receivable, the balance of impaired loans with and without a related allowance, the associated allowance for those impaired loans with a related allowance, and the total unpaid principal on impaired loans:
As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018
Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while ImpairedRecorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired
(In thousands)(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial$1,771
 $2,377
 n/a $1,667
 $1,703
 $12
 $25
$2,015
 $2,954
 n/a $2,048
 $1,835
 $14
 $22
Commercial tax exempt
 
 n/a 1,084
 1,859
 80
 80
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 n/a 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate2,879
 6,429
 n/a 3,358
 3,824
 724
 970
2,932
 4,695
 n/a 2,939
 2,460
 25
 50
Construction and land232
 568
 n/a 190
 181
 
 

 
 n/a 82
 94
 16
 16
Residential9,600
 9,971
 n/a 9,561
 8,958
 78
 179
10,455
 10,815
 n/a 10,587
 10,009
 87
 189
Home equity
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a 1,311
 1,509
 15
 24
Consumer and other
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a 
 
 
 
Subtotal14,482
 19,345
 n/a 15,860
 16,525
 894
 1,254
15,402
 18,464
 n/a 16,967
 15,907
 157
 301
With an allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial
 
 $
 
 
 
 
303
 403
 $134
 76
 147
 
 2
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate6,996
 7,425
 453
 7,011
 7,042
 96
 171
5,426
 5,855
 187
 5,467
 6,055
 72
 228
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential2,503
 2,503
 507
 2,613
 3,312
 23
 62
816
 816
 82
 818
 821
 6
 12
Home equity36
 36
 21
 37
 37
 
 
1,769
 1,769
 597
 469
 284
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 18
 
 3
Subtotal9,535
 9,964
 981
 9,661
 10,391
 119
 233
8,314
 8,843
 1,000
 6,830
 7,325
 78
 245
Total:                          
Commercial and industrial1,771
 2,377
 
 1,667
 1,703
 12
 25
2,318
 3,357
 134
 2,124
 1,982
 14
 24
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 1,084
 1,859
 80
 80
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate9,875
 13,854
 453
 10,369
 10,866
 820
 1,141
8,358
 10,550
 187
 8,406
 8,515
 97
 278
Construction and land232
 568
 
 190
 181
 
 

 
 
 82
 94
 16
 16
Residential12,103
 12,474
 507
 12,174
 12,270
 101
 241
11,271
 11,631
 82
 11,405
 10,830
 93
 201
Home equity36
 36
 21
 37
 37
 
 
1,769
 1,769
 597
 1,780
 1,793
 15
 24
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 18
 
 3
Total$24,017
 $29,309
 $981
 $25,521
 $26,916
 $1,013
 $1,487
$23,716
 $27,307
 $1,000
 $23,797
 $23,232
 $235
 $546
_____________________
(1)Recorded investment represents the client loan balance net of historical charge-offs and historical nonaccrual interest paid, if applicable, which was applied to principal.


28

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017
Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while ImpairedRecorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired
(In thousands)(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial$8,595
 $10,622
 n/a $5,668
 $4,107
 $59
 $71
$1,771
 $2,377
 n/a $1,667
 $1,703
 $12
 $25
Commercial tax exempt
 
 n/a 
 
 
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 n/a 1,084
 1,859
 80
 80
Commercial real estate7,780
 14,088
 n/a 9,794
 10,764
 504
 542
2,879
 6,429
 n/a 3,358
 3,824
 724
 970
Construction and land861
 1,793
 n/a 2,337
 1,797
 
 
232
 568
 n/a 190
 181
 
 
Residential7,653
 8,013
 n/a 7,565
 7,389
 57
 114
9,600
 9,971
 n/a 9,561
 8,958
 78
 179
Home equity
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a 
 
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a 
 
 
 
Subtotal24,889
 34,516
 n/a 25,364
 24,057
 620
 727
14,482
 19,345
 n/a 15,860
 16,525
 894
 1,254
With an allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial37
 37
 $22
 44
 31
 
 1

 
 $
 
 
 
 
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate7,233
 7,662
 640
 7,266
 7,294
 78
 158
6,996
 7,425
 453
 7,011
 7,042
 96
 171
Construction and land
 
 
 
 943
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential5,682
 5,682
 439
 5,630
 5,958
 36
 79
2,503
 2,503
 507
 2,613
 3,312
 23
 62
Home equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
36
 36
 21
 37
 37
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Subtotal12,952
 13,381
 1,101
 12,940
 14,226
 114
 238
9,535
 9,964
 981
 9,661
 10,391
 119
 233
Total:                          
Commercial and industrial8,632
 10,659
 22
 5,712
 4,138
 59
 72
1,771
 2,377
 
 1,667
 1,703
 12
 25
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 1,084
 1,859
 80
 80
Commercial real estate15,013
 21,750
 640
 17,060
 18,058
 582
 700
9,875
 13,854
 453
 10,369
 10,866
 820
 1,141
Construction and land861
 1,793
 
 2,337
 2,740
 
 
232
 568
 
 190
 181
 
 
Residential13,335
 13,695
 439
 13,195
 13,347
 93
 193
12,103
 12,474
 507
 12,174
 12,270
 101
 241
Home equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
36
 36
 21
 37
 37
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total$37,841
 $47,897
 $1,101
 $38,304
 $38,283
 $734
 $965
$24,017
 $29,309
 $981
 $25,521
 $26,916
 $1,013
 $1,487
_____________________
(1)Recorded investment represents the client loan balance net of historical charge-offs and historical nonaccrual interest paid, if applicable, which was applied to principal.



29

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

As of and for the year ended December 31, 2016As of and for the year ended December 31, 2017
Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance  Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized while ImpairedRecorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance  Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized while Impaired
(In thousands)(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:                  
Commercial and industrial$1,793
 $2,155
 n/a $5,288
 $249
$1,434
 $2,238
 n/a $1,594
 $50
Commercial tax exempt
 
 n/a 
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 n/a 1,001
 80
Commercial real estate4,488
 9,647
 n/a 8,520
 1,032
1,832
 3,453
 n/a 3,098
 1,546
Construction and land179
 507
 n/a 1,069
 48
109
 109
 n/a 172
 
Residential8,134
 8,506
 n/a 7,446
 211
9,337
 9,709
 n/a 9,033
 360
Home equity
 
 n/a 
 
1,779
 1,779
 n/a 413
 
Consumer and other
 
 n/a 
 

 
 n/a 
 
Subtotal14,594
 20,815
 n/a 22,323
 1,540
14,491
 17,288
 n/a 15,311
 2,036
With an allowance recorded:                  
Commercial and industrial
 
 $
 31
 1
242
 242
 $58
 156
 4
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate7,115
 7,544
 548
 7,230
 314
6,855
 7,284
 362
 6,980
 322
Construction and land
 
 
 507
 

 
 
 
 
Residential4,284
 4,284
 565
 5,505
 143
828
 828
 89
 2,469
 89
Home equity37
 37
 22
 3
 
36
 36
 20
 36
 1
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
125
 250
 125
 10
 
Subtotal11,436
 11,865
 1,135
 13,276
 458
8,086
 8,640
 654
 9,651
 416
Total:                  
Commercial and industrial1,793
 2,155
 
 5,319
 250
1,676
 2,480
 58
 1,750
 54
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 1,001
 80
Commercial real estate11,603
 17,191
 548
 15,750
 1,346
8,687
 10,737
 362
 10,078
 1,868
Construction and land179
 507
 
 1,576
 48
109
 109
 
 172
 
Residential12,418
 12,790
 565
 12,951
 354
10,165
 10,537
 89
 11,502
 449
Home equity37
 37
 22
 3
 
1,815
 1,815
 20
 449
 1
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
125
 250
 125
 10
 
Total$26,030
 $32,680
 $1,135
 $35,599
 $1,998
$22,577
 $25,928
 $654
 $24,962
 $2,452
_____________________
(1)Recorded investment represents the client loan balance net of historical charge-offs and historical nonaccrual interest paid, if applicable, which was applied to principal.
When management determines that it is probable that the Bank will not collect all principal and interest on a loan in accordance with the original loan terms, the loan is designated as impaired.
Loans that are designated as impaired require an analysis to determine the amount of impairment, if any. Impairment would be indicated as a result of the carrying value of the loan exceeding the estimated collateral value, less costs to sell, for collateral dependent loans or the net present value of the projected cash flow, discounted at the loan’s contractual effective interest rate, for loans not considered to be collateral dependent. Generally, shortfalls in the analysis on collateral dependent loans would result in the impairment amount being charged-off to the allowance for loan losses. Shortfalls on cash flow dependent loans may be carried as specific allocations to the general reserve unless a known loss is determined to have occurred, in which case such known loss is charged-off.
Loans in the held for sale category are carried at the lower of amortized cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate and are excluded from the allowance for loan losses analysis.
The Bank may, under certain circumstances, restructure loans as a concession to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. Such loans are classified as TDRs and are included in impaired loans. TDRs typically result from the Bank’s loss mitigation activities which, among other things, could include rate reductions, payment extensions, and/or principal

30

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

forgiveness. As of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, TDRs totaled $16.6$12.9 million and $18.1$13.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2017, $11.92018, $10.7 million of the $16.6$12.9 million in TDRs were on accrual status. As of December 31, 2016, $12.42017, $11.1 million of the $18.1$13.6 million in TDRs were on accrual status.
Since all TDR loans are considered impaired loans, they are individually evaluated for impairment. The resulting impairment, if any, would have an impact on the allowance for loan losses as a specific reserve or charge-off. If, prior to the classification as a TDR, the loan was not impaired, there would have been a general or allocated reserve on the particular loan. Therefore, depending upon the result of the impairment analysis, there could be an increase or decrease in the related allowance for loan losses. Many loans initially categorized as TDRs are already on nonaccrual status and are already considered impaired. Therefore, there is generally not a material change to the allowance for loan losses when a nonaccruing loan is categorized as a TDR.
 As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018
 Restructured Current Quarter 
TDRs that defaulted in the Current
Quarter that were restructured
in prior twelve months
 
# of
Loans
 
Pre-
modification
recorded
investment
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 
# of
Loans
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial (1)1
 $100
 $100
 
 $
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
Residential
 
 
 
 
Home equity
 
 
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
Total1
 $100
 $100
 
 $
______________________
(1)    Represents the following type of concession: extension of term.
There were no TDR loans that were restructured or defaulted as of and during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.
Loan participations serviced for others and loans serviced for others are not included in the Company’s total loans. The following tables presenttable presents a summary of the balanceloan participations serviced for others and loans serviced for others based on class of TDRs that were restructured or defaulted duringreceivable as of the periods indicated and the types of concessions granted:dates indicated:
As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2016
Restructured in the current quarter 
TDRs that defaulted
that were
restructured in prior twelve months
# of
Loans
 
Pre-
modification
recorded
investment
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 
# of
Loans
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial2
 $7,209
 $7,209
 
 $
$8,313
 $8,484
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
Commercial tax-exempt19,464
 19,805
Commercial real estate1
 1,276
 1,276
 
 
49,200
 49,783
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
32,229
 37,840
Total loan participations serviced for others$109,206
 $115,912
   
Residential1
 115
 116
 
 
$38,217
 $41,440
Home equity
 
 
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
Total4
 $8,600
 $8,601
 
 $
Total loans serviced for others$38,217
 $41,440
Total loans include deferred loan origination (fees)/ costs, net, of $7.8 million and $6.9 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.



31

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2016
 Extension of term Temporary rate reduction Payment deferral Combination of concessions (1) Total concessions
 # of
Loans
 
Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial2
 $7,209
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 2
 $7,209
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 1,276
 1
 1,276
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
 
 1
 116
 
 
 
 
 1
 116
Home equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________
(1)Combination of concessions includes loans that have had more than one modification, including extension of term, temporary reduction of interest rate, and/or payment deferral.

 As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016
 Restructured in the current quarter 
TDRs that defaulted
that were
restructured in prior twelve months
 
# of
Loans
 
Pre-
modification
recorded
investment
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 
# of
Loans
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial3
 $7,384
 $7,209
 
 $
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate1
 1,276
 1,276
 
 
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
Residential2
 260
 261
 
 
Home equity
 
 
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
Total6
 $8,920
 $8,746
 
 $

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016
 Extension of term Temporary rate reduction Payment deferral Combination of concessions (1) Total concessions
 # of
Loans
 
Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial2
 $7,209
 
 $
 
 $
 1
 $
 3
 $7,209
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 1,276
 1
 1,276
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
 
 2
 261
 
 
 
 
 2
 261
Home equity
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
_____________________
(1)Combination of concessions includes loans that have had more than one modification, including extension of term, temporary reduction of interest rate, and/or payment deferral.

7.    Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses is reported as a reduction of outstanding loan balances, and totaled $75.0$73.5 million and $78.1$74.7 million at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively.
The following tables present a summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated:
As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period:              
Commercial and industrial$12,291
 $14,343
 $12,751
 $15,814
$11,443
 $12,291
 $11,735
 $12,751
Commercial real estate51,164
 44,519
 50,412
 44,215
46,116
 51,164
 46,820
 50,412
Construction and land3,197
 5,551
 3,039
 6,322
4,533
 3,197
 4,949
 3,039
Residential10,090
 10,634
 10,449
 10,544
9,896
 10,090
 9,773
 10,449
Home equity987
 1,079
 1,035
 1,085
784
 987
 835
 1,035
Consumer and other302
 301
 391
 520
126
 302
 630
 391
Total allowance for loan losses, beginning of period78,031
 76,427
 78,077
 78,500
72,898
 78,031
 74,742
 78,077
Loans charged-off:              
Commercial and industrial(218) 
 (218) (2,108)(125) (218) (339) (218)
Commercial real estate
 
 
 

 
 (135) 
Construction and land
 
 
 (400)
 
 
 
Residential
 
 (58) (501)
 
 (16) (58)
Home equity
 
 
 

 
 
 
Consumer and other(245) (19) (245) (26)(15) (245) (39) (245)
Total charge-offs(463) (19) (521) (3,035)(140) (463) (529) (521)
       
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off:       
Commercial and industrial152
 67
 234
 154
Commercial real estate50
 3,479
 175
 3,529
Construction and land
 
 
 
Residential27
 
 27
 47
Home equity
 
 1
 
Consumer and other24
 9
 156
 18
Total recoveries253
 3,555
 593
 3,748
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses:       
Commercial and industrial911
 (468) 751
 (1,015)
Commercial real estate(983) (6,507) (1,677) (5,805)
Construction and land80
 388
 (336) 546
Residential(119) 192
 20
 (156)
Home equity552
 (58) 500
 (106)
Consumer and other12
 339
 (600) 241
Total provision/(credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)

32

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off:       
Commercial and industrial67
 82
 154
 1,376
Commercial real estate3,479
 1,791
 3,529
 3,942
Construction and land
 
 
 627
Residential
 4
 47
 4
Home equity
 
 
 
Consumer and other9
 3
 18
 7
Total recoveries3,555
 1,880
 3,748
 5,956
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses:       
Commercial and industrial(468) (1,179) (1,015) (1,836)
Commercial real estate(6,507) (803) (5,805) (2,650)
Construction and land388
 (811) 546
 (1,809)
Residential192
 114
 (156) 705
Home equity(58) 60
 (106) 54
Consumer and other339
 84
 241
 (132)
Total provision/(credit) for loan losses(6,114) (2,535) (6,295) (5,668)
Allowance for loan losses at end of period:              
Commercial and industrial11,672
 13,246
 11,672
 13,246
12,381
 11,672
 12,381
 11,672
Commercial real estate48,136
 45,507
 48,136
 45,507
45,183
 48,136
 45,183
 48,136
Construction and land3,585
 4,740
 3,585
 4,740
4,613
 3,585
 4,613
 3,585
Residential10,282
 10,752
 10,282
 10,752
9,804
 10,282
 9,804
 10,282
Home equity929
 1,139
 929
 1,139
1,336
 929
 1,336
 929
Consumer and other405
 369
 405
 369
147
 405
 147
 405
Total allowance for loan losses at end of period$75,009
 $75,753
 $75,009
 $75,753
$73,464
 $75,009
 $73,464
 $75,009
The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of the inherent risk of loss in the loan portfolio as of the consolidated balance sheet dates. Management estimates the level of the allowance based on all relevant information available. Changes to the required level in the allowance result in either a provision for loan loss expense, if an increase is required, or a credit to the provision, if a decrease is required. Loan losses are charged to the allowance when available information confirms that specific loans, or portions thereof, are uncollectible. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off are credited to the allowance when received in cash.

The provision/ (credit) for loan losses and related balance in the allowance for loan losses for tax exempttax-exempt commercial and industrial loans are included with commercial and industrial. The provision/ (credit) for loan losses and related balance in the allowance for loan losses for tax exempttax-exempt commercial real estate loans are included with commercial real estate. There were no charge-offs or recoveries, for any period presented, for both commercial and industrial and commercial real estate tax exempttax-exempt loans.
The following tables present the Company’s allowance for loan losses and loan portfolio at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017 by portfolio segment, disaggregated by method of impairment analysis. The Company had no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality at June 30, 20172018 or December 31, 2016.2017.
 June 30, 2018
 
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$2,318
 $134
 $1,019,757
 $12,247
 $1,022,075
 $12,381
Commercial real estate8,358
 187
 2,496,163
 44,996
 2,504,521
 45,183
Construction and land
 
 172,024
 4,613
 172,024
 4,613
Residential11,271
 82
 2,796,935
 9,722
 2,808,206
 9,804
Home equity1,769
 597
 90,032
 739
 91,801
 1,336
Consumer and other
 
 168,496
 147
 168,496
 147
Total$23,716
 $1,000
 $6,743,407
 $72,464
 $6,767,123
 $73,464

33

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 June 30, 2017
 
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$1,771
 $
 $956,142
 $11,672
 $957,913
 $11,672
Commercial real estate9,875
 453
 2,346,470
 47,683
 2,356,345
 48,136
Construction and land232
 
 130,672
 3,585
 130,904
 3,585
Residential12,103
 507
 2,513,122
 9,775
 2,525,225
 10,282
Home equity36
 21
 108,513
 908
 108,549
 929
Consumer
 
 200,992
 405
 200,992
 405
Total$24,017
 $981
 $6,255,911
 $74,028
 $6,279,928
 $75,009
December 31, 2016December 31, 2017
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$1,793
 $
 $1,008,181
 $12,751
 $1,009,974
 $12,751
$1,676
 $58
 $938,014
 $11,677
 $939,690
 $11,735
Commercial real estate11,603
 548
 2,290,641
 49,864
 2,302,244
 50,412
8,687
 362
 2,431,533
 46,458
 2,440,220
 46,820
Construction and land179
 
 104,660
 3,039
 104,839
 3,039
109
 
 164,881
 4,949
 164,990
 4,949
Residential12,418
 565
 2,367,443
 9,884
 2,379,861
 10,449
10,165
 89
 2,672,368
 9,684
 2,682,533
 9,773
Home equity37
 22
 118,780
 1,013
 118,817
 1,035
1,815
 20
 98,143
 815
 99,958
 835
Consumer
 
 198,619
 391
 198,619
 391
Consumer and other125
 125
 177,512
 505
 177,637
 630
Total$26,030
 $1,135
 $6,088,324
 $76,942
 $6,114,354
 $78,077
$22,577
 $654
 $6,482,451
 $74,088
 $6,505,028
 $74,742

8.    Derivatives and Hedging Activities
The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and, to a lesser extent, the use of derivative financial instruments. Additionally, as a service to its customers, the Company may utilize derivative instruments such as customer foreign exchange forward contracts to manage its foreign exchange risk, if any. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are generally determined by interest rates. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain loans, deposits, and borrowings. As a service to its customers, the Company may utilize
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notesderivative instruments including customer foreign exchange forward contracts to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

manage its foreign exchange risk, if any.
The following table presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016:2017:
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Asset derivatives Liability derivatives Asset derivatives Liability derivativesAsset derivatives Liability derivatives Asset derivatives Liability derivatives
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1)
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1)
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:                
Interest rate products
Other
assets
 $
 
Other
liabilities
 $(736) 
Other
assets
 $
 
Other
liabilities
 $(1,040)
Other
assets
 $1,197
 
Other
liabilities
 $
 
Other
assets
 $555
 Other
liabilities
 $(80)
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:                
Interest rate products
Other
assets
 16,120
 
Other
liabilities
 (16,294) 
Other
assets
 17,032
 
Other
liabilities
 (16,560)
Other
assets
 26,865
 
Other
liabilities
 (27,290) 
Other
assets
 18,575
 Other
liabilities
 (18,953)
Foreign exchange contractsOther assets 1
 Other
liabilities
 (1) Other assets 2
 Other
liabilities
 (2)
Risk participation agreements
Other
assets
 1
 
Other
liabilities
 (141) 
Other
assets
 15
 
Other
liabilities
 (6)
Other
assets
 24
 
Other
liabilities
 (113) 
Other
assets
 1
 Other liabilities (108)
Foreign exchange contractsOther assets 1
 
Other
liabilities
 (1) Other assets 
 
Other
liabilities
 
Total $16,122
 $(17,172) $17,047
 $(17,606) $28,087
 $(27,404) $19,133
 $(19,143)
_____________________
(1)For additional details, see Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements-NoteStatements - Note 5: Fair Value Measurements.”

34

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following tables present the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments in the consolidated statements of operationson accumulated other comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017:
Derivatives in cash
flow hedging
relationships
 Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (effective portion) (1) Location of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion) Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion) Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (1) 
Location of (gain)
or loss reclassified
from accumulated
OCI into income
 Amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated OCI into income
Three months ended June 30, Three months ended June 30, Three months ended June 30, Three months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)
 (In thousands) (In thousands)
Interest rate products $(425) $(643) Interest expense $(357) $(453) $175
 $(425) Interest expense $(263) $357
Total $(425) $(643) $(357) $(453) $175
 $(425) $(263) $357
_________________________________________
(1)There was an additional $2 thousand gain related to the ineffective portion for the three months ended as of June 30, 2017 and $3 thousand gain related to the ineffective portion for the three months ended as of June 30, 2016.2017.

Derivatives in cash
flow hedging
relationships
 Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (effective portion) (1) Location of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion) Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion)
 Six months ended June 30,  Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016  2017 2016
(In thousands)
Interest rate products $(358) $(2,591) Interest expense $(660) $(914)
Total $(358) $(2,591)   $(660) $(914)
Derivatives in cash
flow hedging
relationships
 Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (1) Location of (gain)
or loss reclassified
from accumulated
OCI into income
 Amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated OCI into income
 Six months ended June 30,  Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017  2018 2017
  (In thousands)   (In thousands)
Interest rate products $1,011
 $(358) Interest expense $(284) $660
Total $1,011
 $(358)   $(284) $660
____________________
(1)There was an additional $2$(2) thousand loss related to the ineffective portion for the six months ended as of June 30, 2017 and $452017. The guidance in ASU 2017-12 requires that amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income that are included in the assessment of effectiveness should be reclassified into earnings in the same period in which the hedged forecasted transactions impact earnings. Transition guidance for this ASU further states that upon adoption, previously recorded cumulative ineffectiveness for cash flow hedges existing at the adoption date be eliminated by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income with a corresponding adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the initial application date. There was a $5 thousand gainreclassification related to the ineffective portion for the six months ended asadoption of June 30, 2016.ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2018.

The following table presents the componentseffect of the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) related toderivative financial instruments in the derivativesconsolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017:
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 (In thousands)
Accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) on cash flow hedges, balance at beginning of period$(389) $(2,023) $(605) $(1,123)
Net change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges(40) (86) 176
 (986)
Accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) on cash flow hedges, balance at end of period$(429) $(2,109) $(429) $(2,109)
 Location of (gain) or
loss reclassified from
accumulated OCI
into income
Amount of (gain) or
loss recognized in
income on cash flow
hedging relationships
 
Amount of (gain) or
loss recognized in
income on cash flow
hedging relationships
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 2017
  (In thousands)
Total amounts of (income) and expense line items
presented in the statement of operations in which
the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded
Interest expense$(263) n/a $(284) n/a
The effects of cash flow hedging:        
(Gain) or loss on cash flow hedging relationships
in ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging, Subtopic 20 Hedging - general
        
Interest contracts - amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into incomeInterest expense$(263) n/a $(284) n/a
The Bank has agreements with its derivative counterparties that contain provisions where, if the Bank defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the

35

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Bank could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017.
The Bank also has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain provisions where, if the Bank fails to maintain its status as a well- or adequately-capitalized institution, then the counterparty could terminate the derivative positions and the Bank would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017.
Certain of the Bank’s agreements with its derivative counterparties contain provisions where, if specified, events or conditions occur that materially change the Bank’s creditworthiness in an adverse manner, the Bank may be required to fully collateralize its obligations under the derivative instruments. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

2017.
As of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the2018 there were no termination amounts related to collateral determinations of derivatives in a liability position were $4.5 million and $3.4 million, respectively.as of December 31, 2017, the termination amount was $3.1 million. The Company has minimum collateral posting thresholds with its derivative counterparties and pledged securities with market values of $8.0$1.1 million and $1.9$2.3 million, respectively, as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 20162017, against its obligations under these agreements. The collateral posted is typically greater than the current liability position; however, due to timing of liability position changes at period end, the funding of a collateral shortfall may take place shortly following period end.
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest income and expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish this objective, the Company has entered into interest rate swaps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy.  These interest rate swaps are designated as cash flow hedges and involve the receipt of variable rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed payments.  The Company has entered into interest rate swaps to hedge London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) -indexed brokered deposits and the LIBOR component of the total cost of certain FHLB borrowings.
To accomplish this objective and strategy, the Bank has entered into a total of sevensix interest rate swaps, two during 2017 with effective dates of March 22, 2017 and fivefour during 2013 with effective dates of December 1, 2014, September 2, 2014, June 1, 2014, March 1, 2014, and August 1, 2013.
The two interest rate swaps entered into during 2017 have notional amounts of $40 million and $60 million with terms of 1.75 and 2.25 years, respectively. These interest rate swaps will effectively fix the Bank’s interest payments on $100 million in interest-related cash outflows attributable to changes in the LIBOR component of FHLB borrowing liabilities at rates of 1.55% and 1.65%, respectively, with a weighted average rate of 1.61%. The borrowings hedged will initially be expected to be issuances and quarterly rollovers of 3-monththree-month FHLB advances but may also then include future issuances of 3-monththree-month repurchase agreements with similar characteristics and/or future issuances of either floating or fixed rate borrowings that are issued with the specific intent to replace the quarterly rollovers of the advances or repurchase agreements.
The fivefour interest rate swaps entered into during 2013 each have a notional amount of $25 million and have terms ranging from threefour to six years.years from their respective effective dates. The interest rate swaps effectively fix the Bank’s interest payments on $125$100 million of its LIBOR-indexed deposit liabilities at rates between 1.68% and 2.32%, with a weighted average rate of 1.98%1.95%.
ThePrior to the implementation of ASU 2017-12, which was implemented on a modified retrospective basis on January 1, 2018, the Company usesused the “Hypothetical Derivative Method” described in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), for quarterly prospective and retrospective assessments of hedge effectiveness, as well as for measurements of hedge ineffectiveness. Under this method, the Company assessesassessed the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in cash flows of the designated hedged transactions. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative iswas initially reported in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings in interest and dividend income when the hedged transactions affect earnings. Ineffectiveness resulting from the hedge iswas recorded as a gain or loss in the consolidated statement of operations as part of fees and other income. There was an immaterial amount
Upon implementation of hedge ineffectivenessASU 2017-12, for derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into interest expense in the same period during which the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016. The Company monitors the risk of counterparty default on an ongoing basis.
hedged transaction affects earnings. A portion of the balance reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made or received on the Company’s interest rate swaps. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that $0.7 million will be reclassified as an increase in interest expense.

36

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

estimates that $1.2 million will be reclassified as a decrease in interest expense. The Company monitors the risk of counterparty default on an ongoing basis.
Non-designated Hedges
Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from two different services the Bank provides to qualified commercial clients. The Bank offers certain derivative products directly to such clients. The Bank economically hedges derivative transactions executed with commercial clients by entering into mirror-image, offsetting derivatives with third parties. Derivative transactions executed as part of these programs are not designated in ASC 815-qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. Because the derivatives have mirror-image contractual terms, the changes in fair value substantially offset through earnings. The net effect on earnings is primarily driven by changes in the credit valuation adjustment (“CVA”). The CVA represents the dollar amount of fair value adjustment related to nonperformance risk of both the Bank and its counterparties. Fees earned in connection with the execution of derivatives related to this program are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in other income. As of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, the Bank had 138156 and 136142 derivatives, respectively, related to this program, comprised of interest rate swaps and caps, with an aggregate notional amount of $1.2 billion as of June 30, 2018 and $1.1 billion for both periods.as of December 31, 2017. As of June 30, 2017,2018, there were twoeleven foreign currency exchange contracts outstanding related to this program with an aggregate notional amount of $0.1$0.7 million outstanding related to this program, and as of December 31, 2016,2017, there was onewere three foreign currency exchange contractcontracts with an aggregate notional amount of less than $0.1$0.2 million.
In addition, as a participant lender, the Bank has guaranteed performance on the pro-rated portion of swaps executed by other financial institutions. As the participant lender, the Bank is providing a partial guarantee, but is not a direct party to the related swap transactions. The Bank has no obligations under the risk participation agreements unless the borrower defaults on their swap transaction with the lead bank and the swap is in a liability position to the borrower. In that instance, the Bank has agreed to pay the lead bank a portion of the swap’s termination value at the time of the default. The derivative transactions entered into as part of these agreements are not designated, as per ASC 815, as qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. As of June 30, 2018, there were seven of these risk participation transactions with an aggregate notional amount of $60.2 million and, as of December 31, 2017, there were six of these risk participation transactions with an aggregate notional amount of $48.2 million and, as of December 31, 2016, there were two of these risk participation transactions with an aggregate notional amount of $13.3$48.0 million.
The Bank has also participated out to anotherother financial institutioninstitutions a pro-rated portion of two swaps executed by the Bank. The other financial institution has no obligations under the risk participation agreements unless the borrowers default on their swap transactions with the Bank and the swaps are in liability positions to the borrower. In those instances, the other financial institution has agreed to pay the Bank a portion of the swap’s termination value at the time of the default. The derivative transactions entered into as part of these agreements are not designated, as per ASC 815, as qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. The pro-rated notional amountAs of June 30, 2018, there were three of these risk participation transactions was $6.1with a pro-rated notional amount of $11.5 million and, as of both June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.2017, there were two of these risk participation transactions with a pro-rated notional amount of $6.1 million.
The following table presents the effect of the Bank’s derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017.
 Amount of gain or (loss), net, recognized in income on derivatives Amount of gain or (loss), net, recognized in income on derivatives
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
 Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivatives Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivatives Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017
 (In thousands) (In thousands)
Interest rate products Other income/ (expense) $(324) $(1,554) $(646) $(2,159) Other income/ (expense) $(139) $(324) $(47) $(646)
Risk participation agreements Other income/ (expense) 320
 7
 320
 13
 Other income/ (expense) 47
 320
 213
 320
Total $(4) $(1,547) $(326) $(2,146) $(92) $(4) $166
 $(326)


37

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

9.    Income Taxes
The following table presents the components of income tax expense for continuing operations, discontinued operations, noncontrolling interests and the Company:
Six months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2017 20162018 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Income from continuing operations:      
Income before income taxes$55,005
 $48,093
$52,867
 $55,005
Income tax expense16,516
 15,064
23,425
 16,516
Net income from continuing operations$38,489
 $33,029
$29,442
 $38,489
Effective tax rate, continuing operations30.0% 31.3%44.3% 30.0%
      
Income from discontinued operations:      
Income before income taxes$4,606
 $5,658
$2,388
 $4,606
Income tax expense1,911
 2,348
692
 1,911
Net income from discontinued operations$2,695
 $3,310
$1,696
 $2,695
Effective tax rate, discontinued operations41.5% 41.5%29.0% 41.5%
      
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests:      
Income before income taxes$2,116
 $1,900
$2,018
 $2,116
Income tax expense
 

 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests$2,116
 $1,900
$2,018
 $2,116
Effective tax rate, noncontrolling interests% %% %
      
Income attributable to the Company      
Income before income taxes$57,495
 $51,851
$53,237
 $57,495
Income tax expense18,427
 17,412
24,117
 18,427
Net income attributable to the Company$39,068
 $34,439
$29,120
 $39,068
Effective tax rate attributable to the Company32.0% 33.6%45.3% 32.0%
The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 of 44.3%, with related tax expense of $23.4 million, was calculated based on a projected 2018 annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate was more than the statutory rate of 21% due primarily to the sale of Anchor and state and local income taxes. These items were partially offset by earnings from tax-exempt investments and income tax credits. The Company recorded tax expense of $12.7 million on the sale of Anchor in April 2018, which was primarily due to a book to tax basis difference associated with nondeductible goodwill.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2017 of 30.0%, with related tax expense of $16.5 million, was calculated based on a projected 2017 annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate was less than the statutory rate of 35% due primarily to earnings from tax-exempt investments, income tax credits, and income attributable to noncontrolling interests. These items were partially offset by state and local income taxes.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 of 31.3%, with related tax expense of $15.1 million, was calculated based on a projected 2016 annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate was less than the statutory rate of 35% due primarily to earnings from tax-exempt investments, income tax credits, and income attributable to noncontrolling interests. These items were partially offset by state and local income taxes.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 is lowermore than the effective tax rate for the same period in 20162017 due primarily to a projected increase in earnings from tax-exempt investments and loans in 2017 as compared to 2016.
In the first quartersale of 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2016-09. The impact of ASU 2016-09 for the six months ended June 30, 2017, was a decrease in income tax expense of $0.1 million due to the fair value at the time of vesting of share-based compensation as compared to the grant date fair value,Anchor. This item is partially offset by stock options expiring unexercised duethe reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to being out21% as a result of the money. ThereTax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) that was no significant change to the Company’s effective tax rate related to the adoption of this ASU.enacted on December 22, 2017.


38

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

10.    Noncontrolling Interests
At the Company, noncontrolling interests consist of equity owned by management of the Company’s respective majority-owned affiliates. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the consolidated statements of operations represents the net income allocated to the noncontrolling interest owners of the affiliates. Net income allocated to the noncontrolling interest owners was $1.2$1.0 million and $1.0$1.2 million for the three monththree-month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 2016, respectively,$2.0 million and $2.1 million and $1.9 million for the six monthsix-month periods ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.
On the consolidated balance sheets, noncontrolling interests are included as the sum of the capital and undistributed profits allocated to the noncontrolling interest owners. Typically, this balance is included in a company’s permanent shareholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheets. When the noncontrolling interest owners’ rights include certain redemption features, as described in ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, such redeemable noncontrolling interests are classified as mezzanine equity and are not included in permanent shareholders’ equity. Due to the redemption features of the noncontrolling interests, the Company had redeemable noncontrolling interests held in mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of $17.2$10.7 million and $17.0$17.5 million at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively. The aggregate amount of such redeemable noncontrolling equity interests are recorded at the estimated maximum redemption values. In addition, the Company had $4.4$2.0 million and $4.2$5.2 million in noncontrolling interests included in permanent shareholder’s equity at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively.
Each non-wholly owned affiliate operating agreement provides the Company and/or the noncontrolling interests with contingent call or put redemption features used for the orderly transfer of noncontrolling equity interests between the affiliate noncontrolling interest owners and the Company at either a contractually predetermined fair value; multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA); or fair value. The Company may liquidate these noncontrolling interests in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or other forms of consideration dependent on the operating agreement. These agreements are discussed in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 14: Noncontrolling Interests” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.
Generally, these put and call redemption features refer to shareholder rights of both the Company and the noncontrolling interest owners of the Company’s majority-owned affiliate companies. The affiliate company noncontrolling interests generally take the form of limited liability company (LLC) units, profits interests, or common stock (collectively, the “noncontrolling equity interests”). In most circumstances, the put and call redemption features generally relate to the Company’s right and, in some cases, obligation to purchase and the noncontrolling equity interests’ right to sell their equity interests. There are various events that could cause the puts or calls to be exercised, such as a change in control, death, disability, retirement, resignation or termination. The puts and calls are generally to be exercised at the then fair value or a contractually agreed upon approximation thereof. The terms of these rights vary and are governed by the respective individual operating and legal documents.
The following table presents, by affiliate, the noncontrolling interests included as redeemable noncontrolling interests and noncontrolling interests in mezzanine and permanent equity, respectively, at the periods indicated:
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Anchor(1)$10,991
 $10,934
$
 $9,761
BOS7,178
 6,782
8,352
 8,057
DGHM (1)(2)3,422
 3,417
4,391
 4,829
Total$21,591
 $21,133
$12,743
 $22,647
Redeemable noncontrolling interests$17,216
 $16,972
$10,747
 $17,461
Noncontrolling interests$4,375
 $4,161
$1,996
 $5,186
_____________________
(1)Assets and liabilities at Anchor were classified as held for sale on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017. The Company completed the sale of Anchor in April 2018.
(1)(2)    Only includes redeemable noncontrolling interests.

39

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following tables present a rollforward of the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interests and noncontrolling interests for the periods indicated:
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Six months ended
June 30, 2017 June 30, 2017June 30, 2018 June 30, 2018
Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interestsRedeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Noncontrolling interests at beginning of period$17,232
 $3,993
 $16,972
 $4,161
$16,322
 $4,825
 $17,461
 $5,186
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests859
 291
 1,583
 533
732
 236
 1,491
 527
Distributions(842) (284) (1,545) (519)(712) (227) (1,449) (509)
Purchases/ (sales) of ownership interests66
 
 132
 
(6,520) (3,051) (6,353) (3,051)
Amortization of equity compensation102
 250
 204
 506
126
 
 248
 161
Adjustments to fair value(201) 125
 (130) (306)799
 213
 (651) (318)
Noncontrolling interests at end of period$17,216
 $4,375
 $17,216
 $4,375
$10,747
 $1,996
 $10,747
 $1,996
Three months ended Six months endedThree months ended Six months ended
June 30, 2016 June 30, 2016June 30, 2017 June 30, 2017
Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interestsRedeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Noncontrolling interests at beginning of period$16,938
 $3,116
 $18,088
 $3,393
$17,232
 $3,993
 $16,972
 $4,161
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests769
 220
 1,487
 413
859
 291
 1,583
 533
Distributions(788) (198) (1,404) (440)(842) (284) (1,545) (519)
Purchases/ (sales) of ownership interests(908) (18) (766) (18)66
 
 132
 
Amortization of equity compensation76
 132
 187
 264
102
 250
 204
 506
Adjustments to fair value(244) 127
 (1,749) (233)(201) 125
 (130) (306)
Noncontrolling interests at end of period$15,843
 $3,379
 $15,843
 $3,379
$17,216
 $4,375
 $17,216
 $4,375


40

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

11.    Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table presents a summary of the amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017:
Description of component of accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 
Affected line item in
Statement of Operations
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 
Affected line item in
Statement of Operations
2017 2016 2017 2016  2018 2017 2018 2017 
 (In thousands) (In thousands)  (In thousands) (In thousands) 
Adjustment for realized gains/ (losses) on available-for-sale securities, net:         
Adjustment for realized (gains)/ losses on available-for-sale securities, net:         
Pre-tax $237
 $245
 $256
 $246
 Gain on sale of investments, net $
 $(237) $
 $(256) (Gain)/ loss on sale of investments, net
Tax expense/ (benefit) 96
 88
 104
 88
 Income tax expense 
 96
 
 104
 Income tax expense/ (benefit)
Net $141
 $157
 $152
 $158
 Net income attributable to the Company $
 $(141) $
 $(152) Net (income)/ loss attributable to the Company
Net realized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges:         
Hedges related to deposits:         
Net realized (gain)/ loss on cash flow hedges:         
Hedges related to deposits and borrowings:         
Pre-tax $(357) $(453) $(660) $(914) Interest expense on deposits $(263) $357
 $(284) $660
 Interest (income)/ expense on deposits and borrowings
Pre-tax 2
 2
 (1) 45
 Other income 
 (2) 
 1
 Other (income)/ expense
Tax expense/ (benefit) (149) (185) (275) (357) Income tax expense 76
 (149) 83
 (275) Income tax expense/ (benefit)
Net $(206) $(266) $(386) $(512) Net income attributable to the Company $(187) $206
 $(201) $386
 Net (income)/ loss attributable to the Company
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax $(65) $(109) $(234) $(354)  $(187) $65
 $(201) $234
 
On January 1, 2018, the Company elected to early adopt ASU No. 2017-12. As a result, the Company reclassified unrealized losses on cash flow hedges of $5 thousand from accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) to beginning retained earnings.
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-01. As a result, the Company reclassified unrealized gains on equity securities available-for-sale, net of tax, of $339 thousand from accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) to beginning retained earnings.

41

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 Components of accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss)  
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on securities
available-for-sale
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on cash flow
hedges
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on other
 
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income/ (loss)
 (In thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2016$(11,194) $(605) $(749) $(12,548)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassifications6,474
 (210) 12
 6,276
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income/ (loss)(152) 386
 
 234
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net6,322
 176
 12
 6,510
Balance at June 30, 2017$(4,872) $(429) $(737) $(6,038)
        
Balance at December 31, 2017$(8,140) $332
 $(850) $(8,658)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassifications(14,848) 712
 1
 (14,135)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income/ (loss)
 (201) 
 (201)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net(14,848) 511
 1
 (14,336)
Reclassification due to the adoption of ASUs 2017-12 and 2016-01(339) 5
 
 (334)
Balance at June 30, 2018$(23,327) $848
 $(849) $(23,328)

12.    Restructuring
In the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company incurred restructuring charges related to the acquisition of Banyan Partners, LLC. The purpose of this restructuring was to realign the management structure within the Wealth Management and Trust segment. The total cost of the restructuring incurred in Q4 2014 was $0.7 million. In 2015, the Company incurred additional restructuring charges to further refine the management structure within the Wealth Management and Trust segment. The total cost of the restructuring charges in 2015 was $3.7 million.
In the first and second quarters of 2016, the Company incurred additional costs of $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, in continued refinement of the management structure within the Wealth Management and Trust segment. The Company does not anticipate any additional restructuring costs related to this plan as of the date of this filing.
Restructuring expenses incurred since the plan of restructuring was first implemented in 2014 totaled $6.4 million, all within the Wealth Management and Trust segment.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following table presents a summary of the restructuring activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017:
Severance Charges TotalSeverance Charges Total
(In thousands)
Accrued charges at December 31, 2017$337
 $337
Costs paid(254) (254)
Accrued charges at March 31, 201883
 83
Costs paid(83) (83)
Accrued charges at June 30, 2018$
 $
(In thousands)   
Accrued charges at December 31, 2016$1,977
 $1,977
$1,977
 $1,977
Costs paid(618) (618)(618) (618)
Accrued charges at March 31, 20171,359
 1,359
1,359
 1,359
Costs paid(335) (335)(335) (335)
Accrued charges at June 30, 2017$1,024
 $1,024
$1,024
 $1,024
   
   
Accrued charges at December 31, 2015$3,305
 $3,305
Costs incurred1,112
 1,112
Costs paid(849) (849)
Accrued charges at March 31, 20163,568
 3,568
Costs incurred905
 905
Costs paid(1,214) (1,214)
Accrued charges at June 30, 2016$3,259
 $3,259

42

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


13.    Revenue Recognition
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09 et al. As stated in Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” the implementation of the new standard did not have a material impact on the measurement or recognition of revenue; as such, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was not deemed necessary. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under ASC 605, Revenue Recognition.
ASC 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including interest income on loans and investment securities. In addition, certain noninterest income such as fees associated with mortgage servicing rights, late fees, BOLI income, and derivatives are also not in scope of the new guidance. ASC 606 is applicable to noninterest income such as investment management fees, wealth advisory fees, wealth management and trust fees, and certain banking fees. However, the recognition of this revenue did not change upon adoption of ASC 606. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Noninterest income considered in-scope of ASC 606 is discussed below.
Investment management fees
Investment management fees are earned for the management of a series of accounts and funds in which clients invest directly, acting as a sub-advisor to larger investment management companies, or private client account management. The Company’s performance obligation is satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon either the beginning-of quarter (in advance) or quarter-end (in arrears) market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate, depending on the terms of the contract. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. The Company may earn performance-based incentives on certain contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item.
All of the investment management fee income on the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is considered in-scope of ASC 606.
Wealth advisory fees
Wealth advisory fees are earned for providing financial advisory services to clients. The Company’s performance obligation under these contracts is satisfied over time as the financial advisory services are provided. Fees are recognized monthly based either on a fixed fee amount or are based on the quarter-end (in arrears) market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate (“asset based fees”), depending on the terms of the contract. Payment on fixed fee contracts is received based on a schedule outlined in the contract, while payment on asset based fees are generally received a few days after quarter end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. No performance based incentives are earned on wealth advisory contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item. Deferred revenues related to the fixed fee contracts of $6.7 million and $6.6 million at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet within the other liabilities line item.
All of the wealth advisory fee income on the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is considered in-scope of ASC 606.
Wealth management and trust fees
Wealth management and trust fees are earned for providing investment management, wealth management, retirement plan advisory, family office, financial planning, and trust services to clients. The Company’s performance obligation under these contracts is satisfied over time as the wealth management services are provided. Fees are recognized monthly based on the average monthly, beginning-of-quarter, or, for a small number of clients, end-of-quarter market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate, depending on the terms of the contract. No performance based incentives are earned on wealth management contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item.
Trust fees are earned when the Company is appointed as trustee for clients. As trustee, the Company administers the client’s trust and manages the assets of the trust including investments and property. The Company’s performance obligation under these agreements is satisfied over time as the administration and management services are provided. Fees are recognized monthly based on a percentage of the market value of the account as outlined in the agreement. Payment frequency is defined in the individual contracts which primarily stipulate monthly in arrears. No performance based incentives are earned on trust fee contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item.

43

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

All of the wealth management and trust fee income on the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 is considered in-scope of ASC 606.
Other banking fee income
The Bank charges a variety of fees to its clients for services provided on the deposit and deposit management related accounts. Each fee is either transaction-based or assessed monthly. The types of fees include service charges on accounts, overdraft fees, maintenance fees, ATM fee charges, credit card charges, and other miscellaneous charges related to the accounts. These fees are not governed by individual contracts with clients. They are charges to clients based on disclosures presented to clients upon opening these accounts along with updated disclosures when changes are made to the fee structures. The transaction-based fees are recognized in revenue when charged to the client based on specific activity on the client’s account. Monthly service/maintenance charges are recognized in the month they are earned and are charged directly to the client’s account.
The Bank also charges fees for treasury activities such as foreign exchange fees for clients with a banking relationship. These fees are recorded when earned via completion of the transaction for the client. The completion of the transaction is deemed to be the performance obligation of the transaction. The related revenue is recorded through a direct charge to the client’s account. There are no individual agreements or contracts with clients as it relates to foreign exchange fees as they are governed by client disclosure statements and the Bank’s internal policies and procedures.
For the three months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of other banking fee income as described above is considered in-scope for ASC 606. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, $2.0 million and $1.8 million, respectively, of other banking fee income as described above is considered in-scope for ASC 606.

14.    Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014 and at various other dates after May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 replaces existing revenue recognition standards and expands the disclosure requirements for revenue agreements with customers. ASU 2014-09 has been subsequently amended by additional ASUs, including ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, collectively, “ASU 2014-09 et.et al.. Under the new standard, a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 et. al.et al. does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments such as loans and securities. Therefore,On January 1, 2018, the Company’s net interest income will not be impacted by this new standard.Company adopted ASU 2014-09 et.et al. isusing the modified retrospective transition method, however no cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings as of January 1, 2018 was required. For additional disclosure details, see Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 13: Revenue Recognition.”
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Instruments - Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). ASU 2014-15 requires management to evaluate an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Management must evaluate whether conditions and events raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and then whether its plans alleviate that doubt. ASU 2014-15 was effective in 2016 and management performed the first quarterrequired evaluation and concluded that there were no such conditions or events that raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01. This ASU requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value, net of 2018. Althoughtax, recognized in net income. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company does not anticipate any material impactreclassified $339 thousand in unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity investments, net of ASU 2014-09 et. al.,tax, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. Additionally, this amendment requires that entities use the Company is still assessingexit price notion when measuring the full impactfair value of implementation on its consolidated financial statements and does expect additional financial statement disclosures and associated internal controlsinstruments for disclosure purposes. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company’s updated process includes identifying a fair value for loans using the exit price notion. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to be implemented along with the adoption of this ASU.Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 5: Fair Value Measurements” for further details.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU update amends current lease accounting and requires all leases, other than short-term leases, to be reported on the balance sheet through the recognition of a right-of-use asset and a corresponding liability for future lease obligations. The amended guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods and will require transition utilizing a modified retrospective approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Early adoption of this ASU is permitted although the Company does not plan to early adopt. The Company does not anticipate a material impact to revenue or operating expenses as a result of the adoption of this ASU. The Company expects that this ASU will gross up the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet related to the lease assets and liabilities.liabilities and reduce regulatory capital ratios.

44

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09.2016-09, Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This update is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based plans such as income tax consequences, classification of awards as either liabilities or equity on the balance sheet, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those years. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2017. The adoption of this ASU has resulted in, and will continue to result in, fluctuations in the Company’s earnings due to changes in the Company’s stock price between issuance date and settlement date of employee share-based transactions. In addition, the Company anticipates that certain stock options will expire unexercised, due to being out of the money,having no intrinsic value, and this ASU requires the previous tax benefits to be reversed. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, the impact on the Company’s income tax expense related to the adoption of this ASU was a decrease of $0.1 million.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”). This update is intended to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. To achieve this objective, the amendments in this update replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. This ASU will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is available as of the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company does not plan on adopting early. The impact of this ASU on the Company’s consolidated financial statements will depend on factors at the time of adoption such as the balance and type of loans on the balance sheet, the Company’s loan loss history, and various qualitative factors.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-15”).2016-15.  This update is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. This ASU iswas effective for fiscal yearsthe Company beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those years.on January 1, 2018. Early adoption iswas permitted, provided that all of the amendments are adopted in the same period, however the Company doesdid not plan to early adopt. The guidance requires application using a retrospective transition method. The Company doesThis ASU did not expect that this ASU will have a significantan impact on itsthe Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In JanuaryMarch 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04.2017-07. This update isamendment requires an employer to report the result ofservice cost component in the first phase of a two phase projectsame line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the FASB to reducepertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost and complexity of the goodwill impairment test. The objective of Phase 1 of the project, which resulted in ASU 2017-04, is to simplify how an entity isare required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2be presented in the income statement separately from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measuresservice cost component and outside a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair valuesubtotal of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Instead, under the amendments in ASU 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss,operations, if applicable. Under the provisions of this update, an entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment, or Step 0 test, for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment testone is necessary.presented. This ASU will bewas effective for any annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for2017, and interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company elected to early adopt this ASU asperiods within those years. As a result of January 1, 2017. Thethe adoption of this ASU, could increase or decrease the amount of a goodwill impairment charge should any of$181 thousand and $341 thousand, respectively, has been reclassified from salaries and employee benefits expense to other expense within the Company’s reporting units with goodwill fail a Step 1 test inconsolidated statement of operations for the future, as comparedthree and six months ended June 30, 2017. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, $145 thousand and $280 thousand, respectively, is presented within other expense that would have been presented within salaries and employee benefits prior to the amountadoption of a goodwill impairment charge under the existing standards depending on the fair value of the reporting unit’s assets.ASU 2017-07.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities (“ASU 2017-08”). This update amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The amortization period for the premium on such securities is being shortened to the earliest call date. Under current GAAP, entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. ASU 2017-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted, including in an interim period. The guidance requires application using a modified retrospective transition method through a cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The Company early adopted this ASU as of July 1, 2017, which did not have a significanthad an immaterial impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12. The standard is intended to improve the transparency and understandability of information conveyed to financial statement users about an entity’s risk management activities by better aligning the entity’s financial reporting for hedging relationships with those risk management activities and to reduce the complexity of and simplify the application of hedge accounting by preparers. ASU No. 2017-12 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. The Company elected to early adopt this ASU as of January 1, 2018 with a modified retrospective transition. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company reclassified $5 thousand in unrealized losses on derivatives from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. This ASU will provide more flexibility in the Company’s risk management activities and we believe it will enhance the Company’s ability to employ risk management strategies, while improving the transparency and understanding of those strategies for financial statement users.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. This update was issued to

45

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

address a narrow-scope financial reporting issue that arose as a consequence of the change in the tax law. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. federal government enacted the Tax Act which, among other significant changes, lowers the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. This update requires a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the enactment of the Tax Act. ASC 740 requires that the tax effects of changes in tax rates be recognized in income tax expense/ (benefit) attributable to continuing operations in the period in which the law is enacted. As a result, the tax effect of accumulated other comprehensive income does not reflect the appropriate tax rate. The amendments in this ASU eliminate the stranded tax effects associated with the change in the federal corporate income tax rate related to the Tax Act and improve the usefulness of information reported to financial statement users. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted for public business entities for reporting periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company early adopted this ASU on December 31, 2017 and reclassified $1.5 million from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.


ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018
Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. These statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, can generally be identified by the use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “plan,” “potential,” “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “target” and similar expressions. These statements include, among others, statements regarding our strategy, effectiveness of our investment programs, evaluations of future interest rate trends and liquidity, expectations as to growth in assets, deposits and results of operations, receipt of regulatory approval for pending acquisitions, success of acquisitions, future operations, market position, financial position, and prospects, plans and objectives of management. You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. You should exercise caution in interpreting and relying on forward-looking statements because they are subject to significant risks, uncertainties and other factors which are, in some cases, beyond the Company’s control.
Forward-looking statements are based on the current assumptions and beliefs of management and are only expectations of future results. The Company’s actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of, among others, factors referenced herein under the section captioned “Risk Factors”; adverse conditions in the capital and debt markets and the impact of such conditions on the Company’s private banking, wealth management and trust, investment management, and wealth advisory activities; changes in interest rates; competitive pressures from other financial institutions; the effects of weakness in general economic conditions on a national basis or in the local markets in which the Company operates; changes in the value of securities and other assets; changes in loan default and charge-off rates; the adequacy of loan loss reserves; reductions in deposit levels necessitating increased borrowing to fund loans and investments; operational risks including, but not limited to, cybersecurity, fraud, and natural disasters; changes in government regulation; the risk that goodwill and intangibles recorded in the Company’s financial statements will become impaired; the risk that the Company’s deferred tax assets may not be realized; risks related to the identification and implementation of acquisitions, dispositions and restructurings; and changes in assumptions used in making such forward-looking statements, as well as the other risks and uncertainties detailed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and updated in the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other filings submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made.


Executive Summary
Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.The Company offers a wide range of private banking and wealth management and private banking services to high net worth individuals, families, businesses and select institutions through its four reportable segments: Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust, Investment Management, and Wealth Advisory. This Executive Summary provides an overview of the most significant aspects of our operating segments and the Company’s operations in the second quarter of 2017.2018. Details of the matters addressed in this summary are provided elsewhere in this document and, in particular, in the sections immediately following.
As of and for the three months ended June 30,    As of and for the three months ended June 30,    
2017 2016 $ Change % Change2018 2017 $ Change % Change
(In thousands, except per share data)  (In thousands, except per share data)  
Total revenues$95,163
 $85,964
 $9,199
 11 %$89,640
 $95,163
 $(5,523) (6)%
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(6,114) (2,535) (3,579) nm
453
 (6,114) 6,567
 nm
Total operating expense67,821
 64,731
 3,090
 5 %64,384
 67,821
 (3,437) (5)%
Net income from continuing operations23,493
 16,142
 7,351
 46 %7,404
 23,493
 (16,089) (68)%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests1,150
 989
 161
 16 %968
 1,150
 (182) (16)%
Net income attributable to the Company23,406
 16,398
 7,008
 43 %6,434
 23,406
 (16,972) (73)%
Diluted earnings per share:              
From continuing operations$0.26
 $0.17
 $0.09
 53 %$0.03
 $0.26
 $(0.23) (88)%
From discontinued operations$0.01
 $0.01
 $
  %$
 $0.01
 $(0.01) (100)%
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.27
 $0.18
 $0.09
 50 %$0.03
 $0.27
 $(0.24) (89)%
              
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORY:              
Wealth Management and Trust$7,429,000
 $7,313,000
 $116,000
 2 %$7,789,000
 $7,429,000
 $360,000
 5 %
Investment Managers10,901,000
 10,006,000
 895,000
 9 %
Wealth Advisory10,744,000
 9,974,000
 770,000
 8 %11,566,000
 10,744,000
 822,000
 8 %
Investment Managers (1)2,031,000
 10,901,000
 (8,870,000) (81)%
Less: Inter-company Relationship(11,000) (17,000) 6,000
 (35)%(7,000) (11,000) 4,000
 (36)%
Total Assets Under Management and Advisory$29,063,000
 $27,276,000
 $1,787,000
 7 %$21,379,000
 $29,063,000
 $(7,684,000) (26)%
_____________________
nm -=    not meaningful
(1)Includes the assets under management at Anchor of $9.1 billion at June 30, 2017.
Net income attributable to the Company was $23.4$6.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 and $16.4$23.4 million for the same period in 2016.2017. The Company recognized diluted earnings per share of $0.27$0.03 and $0.18$0.27 for the three monththree-month periods ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.
Key items that affected the Company’s results in the second quarter of 20172018 compared to the same period of 20162017 include:
The Company recorded a $6.1Income tax expense increased 75% to $17.4 million credit to the provision for loan losses for the three months ended June 30, 2017,2018, compared to a credit to the provision for loan losses of $2.5$10.0 million for the same period of 2016.2017. The creditincrease was primarily driven by $12.7 million of income tax expense related to the provision forsale of Anchor in the three months ended June 30, 2017 was duesecond quarter of 2018, partially offset by the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to the net21% as a result of net recoveries, decreases in quantitative loss factors, the balanceTax Cuts and mix of criticized loans, the mix in the loan portfolio, and loan growth.Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) that was enacted on December 22, 2017. 
Net interest income increased 16%1%, to $57.1$57.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017,2018, compared to $49.2$57.1 million for the same period of 2016.2017. The increase for the three months is due towas primarily driven by higher volume and yields on loans and cash and investments,interest-earning assets, higher loan volumes, and lower volume of borrowings,deposit volumes, partially offset by higher average rates paid on the Company’sdeposits and borrowings, and higher borrowing volume, and average rates paid on interest-bearing deposits.decreased volume of cash and investments. The net interest margin (“NIM”) on a fully taxable-equivalent (“FTE”) basis was 3.07%2.89% for the three months ended June 30, 2017, an increase2018, a decrease of sixteen18 basis points compared to the same period in 2016.2017.

Total fees and other income increased 3%decreased 16% to $38.0$32.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017,2018, compared to $36.8$38.0 million for the same period of 2016.2017. This increasedecrease was primarily driven by a 4% increase62% decrease in investment management fees anddue to the divestiture of Anchor, partially offset by a 3%6% increase in wealth advisory fees.fees due to higher Assets Under Management and Advisory (“AUM”). Total fees and other income represents 39%36% of total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2017,2018, compared to 43%40% of total revenue for the same period of 2016.2017.
Total operating expenses increaseddecreased 5% to $67.8$64.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017,2018, compared to $64.7$67.8 million for the same period of 2016. Increases2017. The decrease was primarily driven by the divestiture of Anchor, which contributed to the 9% decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense, partially offset by a 13% increase in occupancy and equipment expense driven by new leases and marketing and business development expenses were offset by decreases in amortizationthe related depreciation of intangibles and FDIC insurance expenses. Additionally, the Company incurred no restructuring expense during the three months ended June 30, 2017, compared to $0.9 million during the same period in 2016 related to the Wealth Management and Trust segment.leasehold improvements.
The Company’s Private Banking segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $20.4$17.2 million in the second quarter of 2017,2018, compared to net income attributable to the Company of $15.3$20.4 million for the same period of 2016.2017. The $5.1$3.3 million, or 33%16%, increasedecrease was a resultprimarily driven by the second quarter of the increase in net interest income and the increase in2018 provision for loan losses of $0.5 million compared to the credit to the provision for loan losses of $6.1 million for the same period of 2017, and an increase in total operating expenses of $2.8 million, partially offset by a decrease in income taxes of $5.2 million. The provision expense in the second quarter of 2018 was primarily driven by loan growth, partially offset by a decline in criticized loans and improved loss rates, while the provision credit for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was the net result of net recoveries, decreases in quantitative loss factors, the balance and mix of criticized loans, the mix in the loan portfolio, and loan growth. The increase in total operating expenses particularlyfor the Private Banking segment was primarily driven by increases in information services, occupancy and equipment, and salaries and employee benefits and occupancy and equipment expenses, and aexpenses. The decrease in banking fee revenue related to swap fees.income taxes was primarily driven by lower pre-tax income and the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate. 
The Company’s Wealth Management and Trust segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2018, compared to a net loss attributable to the Company of $0.4 million in the second quarter of 2017, compared to a net loss attributable to the Company of $1.5 million for the same period of 2016. During 2015 and 2016, employee turnovers and the related loss of clients led to2017. The $0.6 million change was primarily driven by a negative impact on revenues and AUM. AUM dropped to $7.1 billion at the end of Q1 2016, from a high of $9.3 billiondecrease in AUM at the beginning of 2015. During 2016 and 2017, the segment took several actions to refine the cost structure of the business and stabilize the AUM base. The 2017 loss, although improved from prior periods, is attributed to continued refinement of the business’ cost structure combined with flat year-over-year revenue levels. Wealth management and trust fee revenue was flat compared to the same period in 2016, whiletotal operating expenses decreased $1.8of $0.9 million or 13%,due to lower salaries and employee benefits expense as compared to the same period in 2016.total revenues were flat year-over-year. Fee-based revenue in the Wealth Management and Trust segment is determined based on average monthly, beginning-of-quarter, end-of-month, or, for a small number of clients, end-of-quarter AUM data,balances, depending on the custodian. AUM inflows during the second quarter of 2018 were weighted toward the end of the quarter, while AUM outflows were weighted toward the beginning of the quarter. The timing of AUM flows within the quarter, along with the spread between the average basis points earned on the outgoing AUM versus the incoming AUM, lead to the flat revenue trend as compared to the second quarter of 2017. Wealth Management and Trust AUM increased $0.1$0.4 billion, or 2%5%, to $7.8 billion at June 30, 2018 from $7.4 billion at June 30, 2017 from $7.3 billion at June 30, 2016.2017. The increase in AUM is due to net inflows of $0.2 billion and positive market action of $0.2 billion for the twelve months ending June 30, 2017, partially offset by net outflows2018.
On April 13, 2018, the Company completed the sale of $0.1 billion overits ownership interest in Anchor. Anchor’s results remain consolidated in the same period.Company’s results for the portion of the current period that Anchor was still owned and also in prior periods. Results for the remaining period of 2018 after the close of the transaction in April will not include Anchor operations.
The Company’s Investment Management segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $1.3$0.7 million in the second quarter of 2017,2018, compared to net income attributable to the Company of $1.4$1.3 million for the same period of 2016.2017. The 3%$0.7 million, or 50%, decrease was due primarily driven by the impact of the divestiture of Anchor in the second quarter of 2018, which reduced all revenue and expense categories as compared to a 6% increase in operating expenses, primarily in salaries and employee benefits, partially offset by a 4% increase in investment management fee revenue.the same period of 2017. Most fee-based revenue in the investment management segment is determined based on beginning-of-period AUM data.balances. Investment Management AUM increased $0.9decreased $8.9 billion or 9%, to $2.0 billion at June 30, 2018 from $10.9 billion at June 30, 2017, from $10.0 billion at June 30, 2016, primarily due todriven by the impact of the divestiture of Anchor in the second quarter of 2018, partially offset by positive market action of $1.2$0.2 billion and flat net flows for the twelve months ending June 30, 2017, partially offset by net outflows of $0.3 billion.2018.
The Company’s Wealth Advisory segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $1.9$2.6 million in the second quarter of 2017,2018, compared to net income attributable to the Company of $1.6$1.9 million for the same period of 2016.2017. The 18%$0.7 million, or 35%, increase was due toprimarily driven by a 3%$0.7 million increase in wealth advisory fee revenueincome due to higher levels of AUM and a 2%$0.3 million decrease in income tax expense due to the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate, partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in operating expenses primarily due to decreasedhigher salaries and employee benefits expense, professional fees, and intangible amortization expense. Fee-based revenue in the Wealth Advisory segment is determined based on either a fixed fee or end-of-quarter AUM balances. Wealth Advisory AUM increased $0.8 billion, or 8%, to $11.6 billion at June 30, 2018 from $10.7 billion at June 30, 2017, from $10.0 billion at June 30, 2016, primarily due to positive market action of $0.8 billion and net inflows of zero$0.1 billion for the twelve months ending June 30, 2017.2018.

Critical Accounting Policies


Critical accounting policies reflect significant judgments and uncertainties, and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. The Company believes that its most critical accounting policies upon which its financial condition depends, and which involve the most complex or subjective decisions or assessments are the allowance for loan and lease losses, the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets and analysis for impairment, and tax estimates. These policies are discussed in Part II. Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017. There have been no changes to these policies through the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


Results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 versus June 30, 20162017
Net Income. The Company recorded net income from continuing operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 of $7.4 million and $29.4 million, respectively, compared to $23.5 million and $38.5 million, respectively, compared to $16.1 million and $33.0 million for the same respective periods in 2016.2017. Net income attributable to the Company, which includes income from both continuing and discontinued operations, for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 was $6.4 million and $29.1 million, respectively, compared to $23.4 million and $39.1 million, respectively, compared to $16.4 million and $34.4 million for the same respective periods in 2016.2017.
The Company recorded net income from discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 of zero and $1.7 million, respectively, compared to $1.1 million and $2.7 million for the same respective periods in 2017. The Company received the final payment related to a revenue sharing agreement with Westfield Capital Management Company, LLC (“Westfield”) in the first quarter of 2018. The Company will not receive additional income from Westfield now that the final payment has been received.
The Company recognized diluted EPS attributable to common shareholders, which includes both continuing and discontinued operations, for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 of $0.03 per share and $0.30 per share, respectively, compared to $0.27 per share and $0.44 per share respectively, compared to $0.18 per share and $0.40 per share, respectively, for the same respective periods in 2016.
2017. Net income from continuing operations in both 20172018 and 20162017 was partially offset by charges that reduce income available to common shareholders. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 2: Earnings Per Share” for further detail on these charges to income available to common shareholders.
The following discussions are based on the Company’s continuing operations, unless otherwise stated.
The following table presents selected financial highlights:
Three months ended June 30, % Change Six months ended June 30, % ChangeThree months ended June 30, $
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
2017 2016 2017 2016 2018 2017 2018 2017 
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Net interest income$57,145
 $49,169
 16 % $110,787
 $99,048
 12 %$57,545
 $57,145
 400
 1 % $114,928
 $110,787
 $4,141
 4 %
Fees and other income38,018
 36,795
 3 % 74,524
 74,817
  %32,095
 38,018
 (5,923) (16)% 71,838
 74,524
 (2,686) (4)%
Total revenue95,163
 85,964
 11 % 185,311
 173,865
 7 %89,640
 95,163
 (5,523) (6)% 186,766
 185,311
 1,455
 1 %
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(6,114) (2,535) nm
 (6,295) (5,668) 11 %453
 (6,114) 6,567
 nm
 (1,342) (6,295) 4,953
 (79)%
Operating expense67,821
 64,731
 5 % 136,601
 131,440
 4 %64,384
 67,821
 (3,437) (5)% 135,241
 136,601
 (1,360) (1)%
Income tax expense9,963
 7,626
 31 % 16,516
 15,064
 10 %17,399
 9,963
 7,436
 75 % 23,425
 16,516
 6,909
 42 %
Net income from continuing operations23,493
 16,142
 46 % 38,489
 33,029
 17 %7,404
 23,493
 (16,089) (68)% 29,442
 38,489
 (9,047) (24)%
Net income from discontinued operations1,063
 1,245
 (15)% 2,695
 3,310
 (19)%
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 (1,065) nm
 1,696
 2,695
 (999) (37)%
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests1,150
 989
 16 % 2,116
 1,900
 11 %968
 1,150
 (182) (16)% 2,018
 2,116
 (98) (5)%
Net income attributable to the Company$23,406
 $16,398
 43 % $39,068
 $34,439
 13 %$6,434
 $23,406
 (16,972) (73)% $29,120
 $39,068
 $(9,948) (25)%
_____________________
nm = not meaningful

Net interest income. Net interest income represents the difference between interest earned, primarily on loans and investments, and interest paid on funding sources, primarily deposits and borrowings. Interest rate spread is the difference between the average rate earned on total interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on total interest-bearing liabilities. Net Interest Margin (“NIM”)NIM is calculated by taking annualizedthe amount of net interest income, for the period, on a fully taxable-equivalent (“FTE”)FTE basis, expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate earned on earninginterest-earning assets is the amount of annualized taxable equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average earninginterest-earning assets. The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities is equal to annualized interest expense as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities. When credit quality declines and loans are placed on nonaccrual status, NIM can decrease because the same assets are earning less income. Loans graded as substandard but still accruing interest income totaled $51.1$45.5 million at June 30, 20172018 and could be placed on nonaccrual status if their credit quality declines further.

Net interest income for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $57.1$57.5 million, an increase of $8.0$0.4 million, or 16%1%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, net interest income was $110.8$114.9 million, an increase of $11.7$4.1 million, or 12%4%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017. The increase for the three and six months is due toprimarily driven by higher volume and yields on loans and cash and investments,interest-earning assets, higher loan volumes, and lower volume of borrowings,deposit volumes, partially offset by higher average rates paid on the Company’sdeposits and borrowings, and higher borrowing volume, and average rates paid on interest-bearing deposits. The increase for the six months is due to higherdecreased volume and yields on loans andof cash and investments, and lower average rates paid on the Company’s FHLB and other borrowings, partially offset by higher volume and average rates paid on and interest-bearing deposits and higher volume on the Company’s FHLB and other borrowings and higher average rates paid on the Company’s junior subordinated debentures.investments. The NIM was 3.07%2.89% for the three months ended June 30, 2017, an increase2018, a decrease of sixteen18 basis points compared to the same period in 2016.2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, the NIM was 3.00%2.92%, an increasea decrease of six8 basis points compared to the same period in 2016.2017. Due to the lower federal tax rate in 2018, the FTE adjustment has a lower impact on the interest gross-up for NIM purposes. The estimated impact on NIM due to the lower tax rate in 2018 is 10 basis points.
The following tables present the composition of the Company’s NIM on a FTE basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016;2017; however, the discussion following these tables reflects non-FTE data.

 Average Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/Rate
 As of and for the three months ended June 30,
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET:2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
AVERAGE ASSETS(In thousands)    
Interest-Earning Assets:           
Cash and Investments: (1)           
Taxable investment securities$363,166
 $372,413
 $1,592
 $1,507
 1.75% 1.62%
Non-taxable investment securities (2)294,836
 261,678
 2,546
 2,153
 3.45% 3.29%
Mortgage-backed securities653,201
 588,419
 3,495
 2,982
 2.14% 2.03%
Federal funds sold and other199,230
 124,790
 831
 405
 1.66% 1.29%
Total Cash and Investments1,510,433
 1,347,300
 8,464
 7,047
 2.24% 2.09%
Loans (3):           
Commercial and Industrial (2)987,144
 1,084,821
 9,773
 10,813
 3.92% 3.94%
Commercial Real Estate (2)2,358,409
 1,910,968
 26,433
 19,559
 4.43% 4.05%
Construction and Land119,366
 150,927
 1,377
 1,456
 4.56% 3.82%
Residential2,489,072
 2,256,296
 19,574
 17,441
 3.15% 3.09%
Home Equity109,942
 123,687
 1,085
 1,073
 3.96% 3.49%
Other Consumer195,384
 177,805
 1,526
 1,073
 3.13% 2.43%
Total Loans6,259,317
 5,704,504
 59,768
 51,415
 3.79% 3.58%
Total Earning Assets7,769,750
 7,051,804
 68,232
 58,462
 3.49% 3.30%
Less: Allowance for Loan Losses80,614
 77,345
        
Cash and due From Banks (Non-interest Bearing)42,166
 40,253
        
Other Assets450,703
 427,013
        
TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS$8,182,005
 $7,441,725
        
AVERAGE LIABILITIES, RNCI, AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY           
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:           
Interest-Bearing Deposits (4):           
NOW$640,378
 $554,565
 $172
 $104
 0.11% 0.08%
Savings71,505
 75,431
 15
 23
 0.08% 0.12%
Money Market3,173,768
 2,897,151
 3,244
 2,836
 0.41% 0.39%
Certificates of Deposit665,668
 559,271
 1,518
 1,112
 0.91% 0.80%
Total Interest Bearing Deposits4,551,319
 4,086,418
 4,949
 4,075
 0.44% 0.40%
Junior Subordinated Debentures106,363
 106,363
 716
 584
 2.67% 2.17%
FHLB Borrowings and Other Borrowings703,149
 719,655
 2,499
 2,197
 1.41% 1.21%
Total Interest Bearing Liabilities5,360,831
 4,912,436
 8,164
 6,856
 0.61% 0.56%
Non-interest Bearing Demand Deposits (4)1,899,916
 1,628,057
        
Payables and Other Liabilities106,657
 116,444
        
Total Average Liabilities7,367,404
 6,656,937
        
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests21,075
 19,725
        
Average Shareholders’ Equity793,526
 765,063
        
TOTAL AVERAGE LIABILITIES, RNCI, AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY$8,182,005
 $7,441,725
        
Net Interest Income - on a FTE Basis    $60,068
 $51,606
    
FTE Adjustment (2)    2,923
 2,437
    
Net Interest Income (GAAP Basis)    $57,145
 $49,169
    
Interest Rate Spread        2.88% 2.74%
Net Interest Margin        3.07% 2.91%


 Average Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/Rate
 As of and for the three months ended June 30,
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET:2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017
AVERAGE ASSETS(In thousands)    
Interest-earning assets:           
Cash and investments: (1)           
Taxable investment securities$326,482
 $363,166
 $1,501
 $1,592
 1.84% 1.75%
Non-taxable investment securities (2)297,852
 294,836
 2,217
 2,546
 2.98% 3.45%
Mortgage-backed securities570,845
 653,201
 3,049
 3,495
 2.14% 2.14%
Short-term investments and other157,878
 199,230
 1,205
 831
 3.03% 1.66%
Total cash and investments1,353,057
 1,510,433
 7,972
 8,464
 2.35% 2.24%
Loans: (3)           
Commercial and industrial (2)974,443
 987,144
 9,439
 9,773
 3.83% 3.92%
Commercial real estate (2)2,477,634
 2,358,409
 27,550
 26,433
 4.40% 4.43%
Construction and land (2)166,736
 119,366
 2,040
 1,377
 4.84% 4.56%
Residential2,775,239
 2,489,072
 22,590
 19,574
 3.26% 3.15%
Home equity94,445
 109,942
 1,041
 1,085
 4.42% 3.96%
Other consumer179,684
 195,384
 1,818
 1,526
 4.06% 3.13%
Total loans6,668,181
 6,259,317
 64,478
 59,768
 3.84% 3.79%
Total earning assets8,021,238
 7,769,750
 72,450
 68,232
 3.59% 3.49%
LESS: Allowance for loan losses72,998
 80,614
        
Cash and due from banks (non-interest bearing)45,337
 42,166
        
Other assets396,744
 450,703
        
TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS$8,390,321
 $8,182,005
        
AVERAGE LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
           
Interest-bearing liabilities:           
Interest-bearing deposits:           
Savings and NOW$719,159
 $711,883
 $304
 $187
 0.17% 0.11%
Money market3,033,306
 3,173,768
 5,543
 3,244
 0.73% 0.41%
Certificates of deposit688,567
 665,668
 2,518
 1,518
 1.47% 0.91%
Total interest-bearing deposits4,441,032
 4,551,319
 8,365
 4,949
 0.76% 0.44%
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
 1,008
 716
 3.75% 2.67%
FHLB borrowings and other1,022,636
 703,149
 4,637
 2,499
 1.79% 1.41%
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,570,031
 5,360,831
 14,010
 8,164
 1.00% 0.61%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits1,908,037
 1,899,916
        
Payables and other liabilities122,175
 106,657
        
Total average liabilities7,600,243
 7,367,404
        
Redeemable noncontrolling interests14,129
 21,075
        
Average shareholders’ equity775,949
 793,526
        
TOTAL AVERAGE LIABILITIES,
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING
INTERESTS, AND SHAREHOLDERS’
EQUITY
$8,390,321
 $8,182,005
        
Net interest income - on a fully taxable equivalent basis (FTE)    $58,440
 $60,068
    
LESS: FTE adjustment (2)    895
 2,923
    
Net interest income (GAAP basis)    $57,545
 $57,145
    
Interest rate spread        2.59% 2.88%
Net interest margin        2.89% 3.07%

 Average Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/Rate
 As of and for the six months ended June 30,
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET:2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
AVERAGE ASSETS(In thousands)    
Interest-Earning Assets:           
Cash and Investments: (1)           
Taxable investment securities$379,164
 $373,486
 $3,262
 $3,101
 1.72% 1.66%
Non-taxable investment securities (2)294,925
 261,952
 5,017
 4,291
 3.40% 3.28%
Mortgage-backed securities662,888
 576,623
 6,999
 6,047
 2.11% 2.10%
Federal funds sold and other179,901
 163,965
 1,431
 912
 1.10% 1.11%
Total Cash and Investments1,516,878
 1,376,026
 16,709
 14,351
 2.15% 2.09%
Loans (3):           
Commercial and Industrial (2)985,430
 1,075,217
 19,076
 21,732
 3.85% 4.00%
Commercial Real Estate (2)2,341,482
 1,885,263
 49,977
 39,356
 4.25% 4.13%
Construction and Land116,679
 162,897
 2,621
 3,104
 4.47% 3.77%
Residential2,457,100
 2,242,988
 38,565
 34,743
 3.14% 3.10%
Home Equity113,801
 121,518
 2,174
 2,155
 3.85% 3.57%
Other Consumer193,769
 167,657
 2,946
 2,039
 3.07% 2.45%
Total Loans6,208,261
 5,655,540
 115,359
 103,129
 3.70% 3.62%
Total Earning Assets7,725,139
 7,031,566
 132,068
 117,480
 3.40% 3.32%
Less: Allowance for Loan Losses79,375
 78,809
        
Cash and due From Banks (Non-interest Bearing)41,929
 40,136
        
Other Assets426,349
 424,402
        
TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS$8,114,042
 $7,417,295
        
AVERAGE LIABILITIES, RNCI, AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY           
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:           
Interest-Bearing Deposits (4):           
NOW$608,822
 $548,591
 $283
 $191
 0.09% 0.07%
Savings73,304
 75,432
 33
 47
 0.09% 0.12%
Money Market3,193,336
 2,976,057
 6,365
 5,737
 0.40% 0.39%
Certificates of Deposit627,993
 568,791
 2,799
 2,282
 0.90% 0.81%
Total Interest-Bearing Deposits4,503,455
 4,168,871
 9,480
 8,257
 0.42% 0.40%
Junior Subordinated Debentures106,363
 106,363
 1,387
 1,162
 2.59% 2.16%
FHLB Borrowings and Other Borrowings714,998
 622,273
 4,671
 4,160
 1.30% 1.32%
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities5,324,816
 4,897,507
 15,538
 13,579
 0.59% 0.55%
Non-interest Bearing Demand Deposits (4)1,871,924
 1,624,928
        
Payables and Other Liabilities112,157
 113,747
        
Total Average Liabilities7,308,897
 6,636,182
        
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests21,208
 20,497
        
Average Shareholders’ Equity783,937
 760,616
        
TOTAL AVERAGE LIABILITIES, RNCI, AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY$8,114,042
 $7,417,295
        
Net Interest Income - on a FTE Basis    $116,530
 $103,901
    
FTE Adjustment (2)    5,743
 4,853
    
Net Interest Income (GAAP Basis)    $110,787
 $99,048
    
Interest Rate Spread        2.81% 2.77%
Net Interest Margin        3.00% 2.94%
 Average Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/Rate
 As of and for the six months ended June 30,
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET:2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017
AVERAGE ASSETS(In thousands)    
Interest-earning assets:           
Cash and investments: (1)           
Taxable investment securities$330,220
 $379,164
 $3,011
 $3,262
 1.83% 1.72%
Non-taxable investment securities (2)297,407
 294,925
 4,407
 5,017
 2.96% 3.40%
Mortgage-backed securities579,604
 662,888
 6,227
 6,999
 2.15% 2.11%
Short-term investments and other158,853
 179,901
 2,214
 1,431
 2.78% 1.10%
Total cash and investments1,366,084
 1,516,878
 15,859
 16,709
 2.32% 2.15%
Loans: (3)           
Commercial and industrial (2)953,940
 985,430
 18,195
 19,076
 3.79% 3.85%
Commercial real estate (2)2,459,525
 2,341,482
 53,891
 49,977
 4.36% 4.25%
Construction and land (2)168,052
 116,679
 4,005
 2,621
 4.74% 4.47%
Residential2,738,980
 2,457,100
 44,356
 38,565
 3.24% 3.14%
Home equity95,810
 113,801
 2,083
 2,174
 4.39% 3.85%
Other consumer182,623
 193,769
 3,391
 2,946
 3.74% 3.07%
Total loans6,598,930
 6,208,261
 125,921
 115,359
 3.81% 3.70%
Total earning assets7,965,014
 7,725,139
 141,780
 132,068
 3.55% 3.40%
LESS: Allowance for loan losses73,911
 79,375
        
Cash and due from banks (non-interest bearing)48,725
 41,929
        
Other assets408,810
 426,349
        
TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS$8,348,638
 $8,114,042
        
AVERAGE LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
           
Interest-bearing liabilities:           
Interest-bearing deposits:           
Savings and NOW$718,051
 $682,126
 $519
 $316
 0.15% 0.09%
Money market3,086,710
 3,193,336
 9,857
 6,365
 0.64% 0.40%
Certificates of deposit672,736
 627,993
 4,513
 2,799
 1.35% 0.90%
Total interest-bearing deposits4,477,497
 4,503,455
 14,889
 9,480
 0.67% 0.42%
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
 1,854
 1,387
 3.52% 2.59%
FHLB borrowings and other950,763
 714,998
 8,240
 4,671
 1.72% 1.30%
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,534,623
 5,324,816
 24,983
 15,538
 0.91% 0.59%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits1,890,184
 1,871,924
        
Payables and other liabilities126,601
 112,157
        
Total average liabilities7,551,408
 7,308,897
        
Redeemable noncontrolling interests17,644
 21,208
        
Average shareholders’ equity779,586
 783,937
        
TOTAL AVERAGE LIABILITIES,
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING
INTERESTS, AND SHAREHOLDERS’
EQUITY
$8,348,638
 $8,114,042
        
Net interest income - on a fully taxable equivalent basis (FTE)    $116,797
 $116,530
    
LESS: FTE adjustment (2)    1,869
 5,743
    
Net interest income (GAAP basis)    $114,928
 $110,787
    
Interest rate spread        2.64% 2.81%
Net interest margin        2.92% 3.00%


____________________

(1)Investments classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity are shown in the average balance sheet at amortized cost.
(2)Interest income on non-taxable investments and loans is presented on a FTE basis using statutory rates. The discussion following these tables reflects non-FTE data.
(3)Includes loans held for sale and nonaccrual loans.
(4)Includes deposits held for sale, if any.
Interest and dividend income. Total interest and dividend income for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $65.3$71.6 million, an increase of $9.3$6.2 million, or 17%10%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017. Interest and dividend income for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 was $126.3$139.9 million, an increase of $13.7$13.6 million, or 12%11%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017. The increase for the three and six months was primarily due to higher volume and yieldsdriven by interest earned on loans, specifically residential, commercial real estate, commercial and cashindustrial, and investments.construction and land loans.
The Bank generally has interest income that is either recoveredcollected or reversed related to nonaccrual loans each quarter. Based on the net amount recoveredcollected or reversed, the impact on interest income and related yields can be either positive or negative. In addition, the Bank collects prepayment penalties on certain commercial loans that pay off prior to maturity which could also impact interest income and related yields positively. The amount and timing of prepayment penalties varies from quarter to quarter.
Interest income on commercial and industrial loans, on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $8.5$9.2 million, a decreasean increase of $0.7 million, or 9% compared to the same period in 2017. This increase was a result of a 35 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis, partially offset by a 1% decrease in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, commercial and industrial interest income was $17.7 million, an increase of $1.2 million, or 7%, compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 9% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a six28 basis point increase in the average yield. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, commercial and industrial interest income was $16.5 million,yield on a decrease of $1.9 million, or 10%, compared to the same period in 2016, asnon-FTE basis, partially offset by a result of an 8%3% decrease in the average balance and a five basis point decrease in the average yield. The decreases in the average balances for the three and six month periods are related to the reclassification in the fourth quarter of 2016 of tax-exempt multifamily loans into commercial real estate loans. The decreases in average balances are also related to seasonal fluctuations of the commercial loan portfolio at the Bank.balance. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month periodperiods is the result of market conditions. The decrease in the average yield for the six month period is the result of a lower level of recoveries on nonaccrual loans in 2017 than in 2016 as well as market conditions and the fluctuations in the indicies to which the variable rate loans are tied. The decrease in the average balance for the three and six month periods is related to a small number of large paydowns during the previous quarter and increased competition.
Interest income on commercial real estate loans, on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $25.7$27.4 million, an increase of $6.1$1.7 million, or 31%7%, compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 23%six basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis and a 5% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, commercial real estate interest income was $53.5 million, an increase of $5.0 million, or 10%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 5% increase in the average balance and a 26two basis point increase in the average yield. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, commercial real estate interest income was $48.6 million, anyield on a non-FTE basis. The increase of $9.2 million, or 23%, compared to the same period in 2016, as a result of a 24% increase in the average balance, partially offset by a one basis point decrease in the average yield. The increases in the average balances for the three and six month periods areis related to increased demand, particularly in New England and the reclassification in the fourth quarter of 2016 of certain tax-exempt multifamily loans into commercial real estate loans.San Francisco Bay Area. The increases in average balances are also related to the organic growth of the commercial real estate loan portfolio at the Bank. The changesincrease in the average yieldsyield for the three and six month periods areis primarily driven by increases to the result of market conditions as well as fluctuations in the indiciesinterest rate benchmarks to which the variable rate loans are tied.tied, partially offset by increased competition in the regions in which the Bank operates. Additionally, certain loans have interest rate floors and the rate may not increase with the benchmark rate until the benchmark rate exceeds the floor.
Interest income on construction and land loans, on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $1.4$2.0 million, a decreasean increase of $0.1$0.6 million, or 5%46%, compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 21% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 7421 basis point increase in the average yield.yield on a non-FTE basis and a 40% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, construction and land interest income was $2.6$3.9 million, a decreasean increase of $0.5$1.3 million, or 16%51%, compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 28% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 70an 11 basis point increase in the average yield. The decreasesyield on a non-FTE basis and a 44% increase in the average balancesbalance. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month periods are relatedis primarily driven by increases to customer demand. The increases in the average yields for the three and six month periods are the result of market conditions as well as fluctuations in the indiciesinterest rate benchmarks to which the variable rate loans are tied. The increase in the average balance for the three and six month periods is related to cyclical customer demand across all regions.
Interest income on residential mortgage loans for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $19.6$22.6 million, an increase of $2.1$3.0 million, or 12%15%, compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 10% increase in the average balance and a sixan 11 basis point increase in the average yield.yield and a 11% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, residential mortgage interest income was $38.6$44.4 million, an increase of $3.8$5.8 million, or 11%15%, compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 10% increase in the average balance and a four10 basis point increase in the average yield.yield and an 11% increase in the average balance. The increase in the average balancesbalance for the three and six month periods is related to the organic growth of the residential loan portfolio at the Bank.Bank as customers are entering into new residential mortgage loans as rates continue to rise. The increasesincrease in the average yieldsyield for the three and six month periods areis related to higher yields on residential mortgage originations and adjustable rate mortgage (“ARM”) loans repricing at higher rates with recent hikes in the result of market conditions.

Federal Reserve interest rates.
Interest income on home equity loans for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $1.1$1.0 million, a slight increasedecrease of 1%4% compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 4714% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 46 basis point

increase in the average yield, offset by an 11% decrease in the average balance.yield. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, home equity interest income was $2.2$2.1 million, a slight increasedecrease of 1%4% compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 2816% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 54 basis point increase in the average yield offset by a 6% decrease in the average balance.yield. The decrease in the average balance for the three and six month periods is relatedprimarily driven by reduced demand as a result of the recent increases in interest rates. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month period is also the result of increases in benchmark interest rates.
Interest income on other consumer loans for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was $1.8 million, an increase of $0.3 million, or 19%, compared to the timingsame period in 2017, as a result of customer demand.a 93 basis point increase in the average yield, partially offset by a 8% decrease in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, other consumer interest income was $3.4 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 15%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 67 basis point increase in the average yield, partially offset by a 6% decrease in the average balance. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month periods is the result of increases in benchmark interest rates. The decrease in the Prime rate.average balance for the three and six month periods is also primarily driven by reduced demand as a result of the recent increases in interest rates.
InterestInvestment income, on other consumer loansa non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $1.5$7.5 million, an increasea decrease of $0.5$0.1 million, or 42%1%, compared tofrom the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 10% increasedecrease in the average balance, andpartially offset by a 7022 basis point increase in the average yield.yield on a non-FTE basis. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, other consumer interest2018, investment income was $2.9$14.9 million, an increase of $0.9 million, or 44%,flat compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a 16% increase10% decrease in the average balance, and a 62partially offset by an 18 basis point increase in the average yield.yield on a non-FTE basis. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month periods is primarily due to dividends from the resultFederal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), of which the Bank became a member in the third quarter of 2017, and the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLB”), as well as increases in the Primefederal discount rate. The increase in the average balance for the three and six month periods is primarily due to client demand.
Investment income, on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $7.6 million, an increase of $1.3 million, or 20%, compared to the same period in 2016, as a result of a 13 basis point increase in the average yield and a 12% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, investment income was $15.0 million, an increase of $2.1 million, or 16%, compared to the same period in 2016, as a result of a 10% increase in the average balance and a four basis point increase in the average yield. The increases in the average yields for the three and six month periods are partially due to the increases in short-term interest rates. The increasesdecrease in the average balance for the three and six month periods is primarily due to timing and volume of deposit and borrowing balances as compared to the level of loans outstanding. Investment decisions are made based on anticipated liquidity,As investment securities matured, the Company has utilized the cash proceeds to support loan demand, and asset-liability management considerations.growth.
Interest expense. Total interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $8.2$14.0 million, an increase of $1.3$5.8 million, or 19%72%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, total interest expense was $15.5$25.0 million, an increase of $2.0$9.4 million, or 14%61%, compared to the same period in 2016.2017.
Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $4.9$8.4 million, an increase of $0.9$3.4 million, or 21%69%, compared to the same period in 2016,2017, as a result of a four32 basis point increase in the average rate paid, and an 11% increasepartially offset by a 2% decrease in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, interest expense on interest-bearing deposits was $9.5$14.9 million, an increase of $1.2$5.4 million, or 15%57%, compared to the same period in 2016, as a result of an 8% increase in the average balance and a two basis point increase in the average rate paid.
Interest paid on borrowings for the three months ended June 30, 2017, was $3.2 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 16%, compared to the same period in 2016, as a result of a 5025 basis point increase in the average rate paid, partially offset by a 1% decrease in the average balance. The increase for the three and six month periods in the average rate paid on junior subordinated debentures,deposits is driven primarily by increases in the rates paid for certificates of deposit and money market demand accounts as benchmark interest rates have increased. The decrease for the three and six month in the average balance for interest-bearing deposits was primarily driven by increased competition for deposit market share.
Interest paid on non-deposit interest-bearing liabilities for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was $5.6 million, an increase of $2.4 million, or 76%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a 20result of a 38 basis point increase in the average rate paid on FHLB borrowings and other borrowings, partially offset by a 2% decrease45% increase in the average balance of FHLB borrowings and other borrowings. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, interest paid on borrowings, was $6.1 million, an increase of $0.7 million, or 14%, compared to the same period in 2016, asand a result of a 43108 basis point increase in the average rate paid on junior subordinated debentures anddebentures. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, interest paid on non-deposit interest-bearing liabilities was $10.1 million, an increase of $4.0 million, or 67%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a 15%result of a 33% increase in the average balance of FHLB borrowings and other borrowings, partially offset by a two42 basis point decreaseincrease in the average rate paid on FHLB borrowings and other borrowings.borrowings, and a 93 basis point increase in the average rate paid on junior subordinated debentures. The increases for the three and six month periods in the average rate paid on borrowingsnon-deposit interest-bearing liabilities is due toprimarily driven by the increases in benchmark interest rates,rates. The increase for the mixthree and terms ofsix month in the average balance for non-deposit interest-bearing deposits was primarily driven by increased FHLB borrowings andused to fund additional loan growth due to decreasing deposits over the impact of derivatives.same period.
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses. The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $0.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to a credit to the provision for loan losses of $6.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2017, compared to a credit to the provision for loan losses of $2.5 million for the same period in 2016.2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,2018, the Company recorded a credit to the provisionprovision/ (credit) for loan losses was a credit of $6.3$1.3 million, compared to a credit of $5.7$6.3 million for the same period in 2016.2017. The credit toprovision in the provision forsecond quarter of 2018 was primarily driven by loan losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 was the net result of net recoveries, decreasesgrowth, partially offset by a decline in quantitative loss factors, the balance and mix of criticized loans the mix in the loan portfolio, and loan growth.improved loss rates.
The provision/ (credit) for loan losses is determined as a result of the required level of the allowance for loan losses, estimated by management, which reflects the inherent risk of loss in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet dates. The Company incorporates both quantitative and qualitative loss factors to determine the appropriate level of the allowance for loan

losses. Quantitative loss factors are based on historical net charge-offs by loan portfolio. Qualitative factors are estimated by management and include trends in problem loans, economic and business conditions, strength of management, real estate collateral values, and underwriting standards. For further details, see “Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality” above.below.

Fees and other income.income
 Three months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
 2018 2017   2018 2017  
 (In thousands)
Investment management fees$4,227
 $11,081
 $(6,854) (62)% $15,652
 $21,920
 $(6,268) (29)%
Wealth advisory fees13,693
 12,961
 732
 6 % 27,205
 25,784
 1,421
 6 %
Wealth management and trust fees11,169
 11,161
 8
  % 23,320
 21,987
 1,333
 6 %
Other banking fee income2,745
 1,964
 781
 40 % 5,018
 3,658
 1,360
 37 %
Gain on sale of loans, net63
 59
 4
 7 % 137
 197
 (60) (30)%
Total core fees and income31,897
 37,226
 (5,329) (14)% 71,332
 73,546
 (2,214) (3)%
Total other income198
 792
 (594) (75)% 506
 978
 (472) (48)%
Total fees and other income$32,095
 $38,018
 $(5,923) (16)% $71,838
 $74,524
 $(2,686) (4)%
Total fees and other income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $38.0 million, an increase of $1.22018 decreased $5.9 million, or 3%16%, compared to the same period in 2016. For2017. Total fees and other income for the six months ended June 30, 2017, total fees and other income was $74.5 million, flat as compared to the same period in 2016. Factors affecting the increase in the three month period include increases in other income related to fair market value adjustments on derivative agreements, and higher fee revenue in the Investment Management and Wealth Advisory segments due to increases in AUM, partially offset by decreases in banking fee income related to swap fees. Factors affecting the balances in the six month periods include decreases in banking fee revenues related to swap fees, partially offset by increases in fee revenue in the Investment Management and Wealth Advisory segments due to increases in AUM.
Investment management fee income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $11.1 million, an increase of $0.52018 decreased $2.7 million, or 4%, compared to the same period in 2016. For2017. The decrease in total fees and other income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017,month periods is primarily driven by the decrease in investment management fees as a result of the divestiture of Anchor in April 2018, partially offset by increased wealth advisory fees due to higher levels of AUM and increased other banking fee income was $21.9 million, an increase of $0.6 million, or 3%, compared to the same period in 2016. driven by higher swap fees.
AUM as of June 30, 2017 managed or advised by the Investment Managers was $10.9$2.0 billion an increaseat June 30, 2018, a decrease of $0.9$8.9 billion, or 9%, compared to 2016.2017. The increase isdecrease was primarily due todriven by the impact of the divestiture of Anchor in the second quarter of 2018, which managed $9.0 billion of AUM as of March 31, 2018, partially offset by positive market action of $1.2$0.2 billion and flat net flows for the twelve months ending June 30, 2017, partially offset by net outflows of $0.3 billion.2018.
Wealth advisory fee income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $13.0 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 3%, compared to the same period in 2016. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, wealth advisory fee income was $25.8 million, an increase of $0.5 million, or 2%, compared to the same period in 2016. AUM managed or advised by the Wealth Advisors was $10.7$11.6 billion at June 30, 2017,2018, an increase of $0.8 billion, or 8%, compared to June 30, 2016.2017. The increase is due toin AUM was primarily driven by positive market action of $0.8 billion and net inflows of $0.1 billion for the twelve months ending June 30, 2017.2018.
Wealth management and trust fee income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $11.2 million, consistent with the same period in 2016. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, wealth management and trust fee income was $22.0 million, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 1%, compared to the same period in 2016. AUM as of June 30, 2017 managed or advised by Boston Private Wealth was $7.4$7.8 billion at June 30, 2018, an increase of $0.1$0.4 billion, or 2%5%, compared to June 30, 2016.2017. The increase is due toprimarily driven by net inflows of $0.2 billion and positive market action of $0.2 billion for the twelve months ending June 30, 2017, partially offset by net2018. AUM inflows during the second quarter of 2018 were weighted toward the end of the quarter, while AUM outflows were weighted toward the beginning of $0.1 billion over the same period.quarter. The timing of AUM flows within the quarter, along with the spread between the average basis points earned on the outgoing AUM versus the incoming AUM, lead to the flat revenue trend as compared to the second quarter of 2017.
Other banking fee income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $2.0 million, a decrease of $1.0 million, or 34%, compared to the same period in 2016. For theand six months ended June 30, 2017, other banking fee income was $3.7 million, a decrease of $2.6 million, or 41%,2018 increased compared to the same periodperiods in 2016.2017. The decrease for both the three and six month periods is relatedincrease was due to decreasesan increase in swap fee income due to elevated 2016reflecting higher client demand for loan swap agreements. These decreases were partially offset in bothagreements for the three and six month periods by themonths ended June 30, 2018 as well as an increase in Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”) income which is related to the additional $50.0 million investment in BOLI in the first quarter of 2017.
Other income for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $0.6 million, an increase of $1.6 million compared to the same period in 2016. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, other income was $0.8 million,2018 due to an increaseadditional purchase of $1.8 million compared to the same period in 2016. The increase for both the three months and six month periods was related to a loss on fair market value adjustments on derivative agreements in 2016 that did not recurBOLI in 2017.


Operating Expense.Expense
 Three months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
 2018 2017   2018 2017  
 (In thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits$39,433
 $43,312
 $(3,879) (9)% $86,517
 $88,977
 $(2,460) (3)%
Occupancy and equipment8,229
 7,283
 946
 13 % 15,977
 14,468
 1,509
 10 %
Professional services2,872
 3,106
 (234) (8)% 6,049
 6,420
 (371) (6)%
Marketing and business development2,070
 1,971
 99
 5 % 3,663
 3,631
 32
 1 %
Information systems6,770
 5,500
 1,270
 23 % 12,656
 10,879
 1,777
 16 %
Amortization of intangibles749
 1,426
 (677) (47)% 1,499
 2,852
 (1,353) (47)%
FDIC insurance708
 879
 (171) (19)% 1,452
 1,645
 (193) (12)%
Other3,553
 4,344
 (791) (18)% 7,428
 7,729
 (301) (4)%
Total operating expense$64,384
 $67,821
 $(3,437) (5)% $135,241
 $136,601
 $(1,360) (1)%
Total operating expense for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $67.8 million, an increase of $3.12018 decreased $3.4 million, or 5%, compared to the same period in 2016. For2017, primarily due to the divestiture of Anchor, as well as a decrease in other expense, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance, and salaries and employee benefits expense, partially offset by increases in information systems, occupancy and equipment, and marketing and business development expense. Total operating expense for the six months ended June 30, 2017, total operating expense was $136.6 million, an increase of $5.22018 decreased $1.4 million, or 4%1%, compared to the same period in 2016. The changes for the three month period ended June 30, 2017, are primarily due to the divestiture of Anchor, as well as a decrease in other expense and professional services, partially offset by increases in information systems, occupancy and equipment, and salaries and employee benefits occupancy and equipment, marketing and business development, and other expenses, partially offset by decreases in contract services, FDIC insurance, and professional services expense. The changes for the six month period ended June 30, 2017 are primarily due to increases in salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and equipment, and other expenses, partially offset by decreases in marketing and business development, contract services, FDIC insurance, intangible amortization, and contract services expenses. Additionally, the Company incurred no restructuring charges in the three or six months ended June 30, 2017, compared to restructuring charges of $0.9 million and $2.0 million for the three and six month periods of 2016, respectively.
Salaries and employee benefits expense, the largest component of operating expense, for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $43.5 million, an increase of $2.9 million, or 7%, compared to the same period in 2016. For theand six months ended June 30, 2017, salaries and employee benefits was $89.3 million, an increase of $6.1 million, or 7%,2018 decreased compared to the same periodperiods in 2016. The increase for the three and six month periods is2017, primarily due to higher fixed compensation, severance costs,the divestiture of Anchor. The impact of the divestiture of Anchor was partially offset by an increase in salaries and higher variable and performance based compensation, commissions, and sales incentives. Althoughbonuses for the remainder of the Company, incurred severance expenses inexcluding Anchor.
Occupancy and equipment expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016,2018 increased compared to the majoritysame periods in 2017, primarily due to lease renewals and the related depreciation of the costs were categorized as restructuring expense.leasehold improvements.

Occupancy and equipmentInformation systems expense for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $10.8 million, an increase of $0.9 million, or 9%, compared to the same period in 2016. For theand six months ended June 30, 2017, occupancy and equipment expense was $21.4 million, an increase of $1.9 million, or 10%,2018 increased compared to the same periodperiods in 2016. The increase for the three and six month periods is2017, primarily due to an increase in technology service agreements, telecommunications and technology expenses and an increase in rent expense due to new office locations.
Professional services expense for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $3.1 million, an increase of $0.1 million, or 3%, compared to the same period in 2016. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, professional services expense was $6.4 million, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 2%, compared to the same period in 2016. The increase for the three month period was primarily due to increases in recruitment and consulting expenses, partially offset by decreases in legal expenses. The decrease for the six month period is primarily due to a decrease in legal expenses, partially offset by increases in recruitment and consultingtelephone expenses.
In 2017, the Bank began working on an initiative to upgrade its information technology. This initiative required the Bank to hire additional employees with expertise in information technology. Recruiters were generally used in the placement of these professionals. The Bank has utilized consultants and temporary employees to assist with the projectinitiative in addition to the new hires. Generally the expenditures in the preliminary project stage were expensed as incurred. Other expenditures related to the application development stage have been capitalized. The capitalized expenditures will be depreciated over the useful life of the asset when the asset is placed in service. The Bank has begun to place certain of these capitalized assets in service in 2018 and anticipates that the remaining capitalized assets will be placed in service beginning in late 2017the second half of 2018 through early 2019.
Marketing and business development expense for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $2.0 million, an increase of $0.2 million, or 9%, compared to the same period in 2016. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, marketing and business development expense was $3.6 million, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 9%, compared to the same period in 2016. The three month increase is primarily related to an increase in marketing expense in the Private Banking and Wealth Advisory segments. The six month decrease is primarily related to the timing of marketing programs in the Private Banking segment.
Contract services and data processing expense for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was $1.6 million, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 6%, compared to the same period in 2016. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, contract services and data processing expense was $3.2 million, a decrease of $0.2 million, or 6%, compared to the same period in 2016. The decreases for the three and six month periods are primarily due to a decrease in custody and recordkeeping expenses.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 was $16.5 million.$23.4 million, which included a $12.7 million expense related to the sale of Anchor. The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 20172018 was 30.0%44.3%, compared to an effective tax rate of 31.3%30.0% for the same period in 2016.2017. The effective tax rate for 2018 was higher than 2017 primarily due to the sale of Anchor, partially offset by the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% as a result of the impact of the Tax Act that was enacted on December 22, 2017. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 9: Income Taxes” for further detail.



Financial Condition

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Discussion
 June 30,
2017
 December 31, 2016 
Increase/
(decrease)
 
%
Change
 (In thousands)
Assets:       
Total cash and investments$1,430,344
 $1,507,845
 $(77,501) (5)%
Loans held for sale2,870
 3,464
 (594) (17)%
Total loans6,279,928
 6,114,354
 165,574
 3 %
Less: Allowance for loan losses75,009
 78,077
 (3,068) (4)%
Net loans6,204,919
 6,036,277
 168,642
 3 %
Goodwill and intangible assets, net166,427
 169,279
 (2,852) (2)%
Total other assets303,086
 253,609
 49,477
 20 %
Total assets$8,107,646
 $7,970,474
 $137,172
 2 %
Liabilities and Equity:       
Deposits$6,381,339
 $6,085,146
 $296,193
 5 %
Total borrowings794,584
 980,192
 (185,608) (19)%
Total other liabilities115,088
 119,683
 (4,595) (4)%
Total liabilities7,291,011
 7,185,021
 105,990
 1 %
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (“RNCI”)17,216
 16,972
 244
 1 %
Total shareholders’ equity799,419
 768,481
 30,938
 4 %
Total liabilities, RNCI and shareholders’ equity$8,107,646
 $7,970,474
 $137,172
 2 %
_____________________
nm     not meaningful
 June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017 
Increase/
(decrease)
 
%
Change
 (In thousands)
Assets:       
Total cash and investments$1,590,588
 $1,425,418
 $165,170
 12 %
Loans held for sale4,622
 4,697
 (75) (2)%
Total loans6,767,123
 6,505,028
 262,095
 4 %
Less: Allowance for loan losses73,464
 74,742
 (1,278) (2)%
Net loans6,693,659
 6,430,286
 263,373
 4 %
Goodwill and intangible assets, net90,182
 91,681
 (1,499) (2)%
Total other assets337,152
 359,662
 (22,510) (6)%
Total assets$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
 $404,459
 5 %
Liabilities and Equity:       
Deposits$6,620,179
 $6,510,246
 $109,933
 2 %
Total borrowings1,222,125
 862,213
 359,912
 42 %
Total other liabilities129,175
 135,880
 (6,705) (5)%
Total liabilities7,971,479
 7,508,339
 463,140
 6 %
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (“RNCI”)10,747
 17,461
 (6,714) (38)%
Total shareholders’ equity733,977
 785,944
 (51,967) (7)%
Total liabilities, RNCI and shareholders’ equity$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
 $404,459
 5 %
Total Assets. Total assets increased $0.1$0.4 billion, or 5%, to $8.1$8.7 billion at June 30, 20172018 from $8.0$8.3 billion at December 31, 2016. This increase was due to the increase2017, primarily driven by increases in loanstotal cash and investments.investments and total loans.
Cash and Investments. Total cash and investments (consisting of cash and cash equivalents, investment securities, and stock in the FHLB) decreased $77.5FHLB and the FRB) increased $165.2 million, or 5%12%, to $1.4 billion, orfrom December 31, 2017. Total cash and investments represent 18% of total assets at June 30, 2017 from $1.5 billion, or 19%2018 and 17% of total assets at December 31, 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease on a point in time basis was due to the $75.4primarily driven by an increase of $244.0 million or 6%, decrease in available-for-sale securities, and the $9.5 million, or 9%, decrease in cash related to deposit inflows during the end of the second quarter of 2018 and cash equivalents,received from the sale of Anchor, partially offset by cash used to redeem the $5.9 million, or 6%6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D (“the Series D preferred stock”). The increase in held-to-maturity securities andcash was partially offset by a decrease of $93.4 million in available-for-sale securities. A large portion of the $1.5 million, or 3%, increase in stockdeposit inflows were within the last few days of the quarter, as reflected by the decrease in the FHLB. The changes inaverage cash and investments werebalances in the net result of short-term fluctuations in liquidity due to changes in levels of deposits, borrowings and loans outstanding.average balance sheet during the quarter.
The majority of the investments held by the Company are held by the Bank. The Bank’s investment policy requires management to maintain a portfolio of securities which will provide liquidity necessary to facilitate funding of loans, to cover deposit fluctuations, and to mitigate the Bank’s overall balance sheet exposure to interest rate risk, while at the same time earning a satisfactory return on the funds invested. The securities in which the Bank may invest are subject to regulation and are generally limited to securities that are considered “investment grade.”
Investment maturities, calls,redemptions, principal payments, and sales of securities, net of purchases, provided $190.4$64.0 million of cash proceeds during the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $75.8 million in the same period of 2017. Net proceeds are generally used to purchase new investments or fund a portion of loan growth. The timing of sales and reinvestments is based on various factors, including management’s evaluation of interest rate trends, the credit risk, of municipal securities and the Company’s liquidity. The Company’s available-for-sale investment portfolio carried a total of $6.9$2.0 million of unrealized gains and $15.4$34.8 million of unrealized losses at June 30, 2017,2018, compared to $4.6$5.1 million of unrealized gains and $23.7$17.2 million of unrealized losses at December 31, 2016.2017.
No impairment losses were recognized through earnings related to investment securities during the six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016.2017. The total amount of unrealized losses was primarily due to changes in interest rates since the securities were purchased.purchased and not credit quality.


Additionally, at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, the Company held $99.0$79.0 million and $93.1$74.6 million, respectively, of held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost. All of the held-to-maturity securities were U.S. Treasury securities and mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, or government-sponsored entities, or U.S. Treasury securities.entities.
See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 4: Investments” for further details of the Company’s investment securities.
Loans held for sale. Loans held for sale decreased $0.6 million, or 17%, to $2.9 million at June 30, 2017 from $3.52018 decreased $0.1 million, or 2%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2016.2017. The balance of loans held for sale usually relates to the timing and volume of residential loans originated for sale and the ultimate sale transaction which is typically executed within a short time following the loan origination. From time to time, the Company may also sell loans that have been held in the loan portfolio. The sale of such loans may improve the Bank’s liquidity and capital position or may provide the Bank additional flexibility for more profitable and strategic future lending opportunities.
Goodwill and intangible assets, net. Goodwill and intangible assets, net at June 30, 2018 decreased $2.9$1.5 million, or 2%, compared to $166.4 million at June 30, 2017 from $169.3 millionthe balance at December 31, 2016. The decrease was2017 due to amortization of intangible assets. There was no change to goodwill during the six months ended June 30, 2018.
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets such as trade names are subject to annual impairment tests, or more frequently, if there is indication of impairment, based on guidance in ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other. Long-lived intangible assets such as advisory contracts are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”).
Management performed its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment testing during the fourth quarter of 20162017 for applicable reporting units. The 2016 goodwill impairment testing indicated that Boston Private Wealth failed Step 1 and the resulting Step 2 test indicated goodwill impairment of $9.5 million. The estimated fair value for all other applicable reporting units exceeded the carrying value in 2016, and as a result no other impairment was evident. There was no additional testing required for long-lived intangible assets in 2016.
The estimated fair value of BOS, KLS, and Boston Private Wealth as a result of the fourth quarter 2016 impairment testing was $68.0 million as compared to aeach exceeded their carrying value of $76.9 million, resulting in a deficit of $8.9 million, or 11.6%. Even though the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge for Boston Private Wealth in 2016, there could be additional goodwill impairment in the future should Boston Private Wealth’s actual results not meet projections. In addition to financial results, other inputs to the valuation, such as the discount rate and market assumptions, could negatively affect the estimated fair value of Boston Private Wealth in the future. The Company will continue to monitor Boston Private Wealth’s actual results versus the projections used in the 2016 valuation, changes in AUM, as well as changes to the various inputs used in the 2016 valuation for a triggering event prior to the 2017 annual impairment testing. The Company has concluded that no interim goodwill impairment triggering event has occurred and no interim goodwill impairment testing was necessary at June 30, 2017. Absent any triggering events that could occur in the third quarter of 2017, the Company will again be performing its annual goodwill impairment testing in the fourth quarter.
The estimated fair value of Anchor as a result of the fourth quarter 2016 impairment testing was $87.0 million as compared to a carrying value of $81.6 million, an excess of $5.4 million, or 6.6%. Due to the narrow margin between the fair value and the carrying value of Anchor, Anchor will continue to be at risk for potential goodwill impairment. The Company will monitor Anchor’s actual results versus the projections used in the 2016 valuation, changes in AUM, as well as changes to the various inputs used in the 2016 valuation for a triggering event prior to the 2017 annual impairment testing. The Company has concluded that no interim goodwill impairment triggering event occurred and no interim goodwill impairment testing was necessary at June 30, 2017. Absent any triggering events that could occur in the third quarter of 2017, the Company will again be performing its annual goodwill impairment testing in the fourth quarter.
Total other assets. Total other assets, as presented in the table above, consists of the following line items from the consolidated balance sheet: other real estate owned (“OREO”) (if any), if any; premises and equipment,equipment; fees receivable,receivable; accrued interest receivable,receivable; deferred income taxes, net,net; and other assets.assets, including assets held for sale, if any. Total other assets increased $49.5at June 30, 2018 decreased $22.5 million, or 20%6%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2017. These changes resulted from the following factors:
Other assets, which consist primarily of BOLI, investment in partnerships, prepaid expenses, the fair value of interest rate derivatives, other receivables, and assets held for sale, if any, decreased $29.3 million, or 11%, to $303.1$230.2 million at June 30, 2017 as compared to $253.62018 from $259.5 million at December 31, 2016.2017. The increasedecrease was primarily due to the resultdivestiture of increasesAnchor in otherthe second quarter of 2018 out of assets held for sale which was partially offset by a decrease in deferred income taxes, net, OREO, and fees receivable.
OREO decreased $1.7the $15.4 million to zero at June 30, 2017 from $1.7 million at December 31, 2016. In 2017,receivable for future revenue share with Anchor as part of the one property held in OREO at December 31, 2016 was sold for a small loss.divestiture agreement.
Deferred income taxes, net, decreased $5.6$2.7 million, or 10%9%, to $49.8$26.3 million at June 30, 20172018 from $55.5$29.0 million at December 31, 2016.2017. The decrease was primarily due todriven by deferred income tax expense, partially offset by the current year tax effect of other comprehensive income.income/ (loss). At June 30,


2017, 2018, no valuation allowance on the net deferred tax asset was required due primarily to the expectation of future taxable income as well as the availabilityincome. The Company’s use of currentthese deferred tax benefits may depend on a number of factors including future changes in laws or regulations relating to tax rates, tax credits, tax deductions, and historical taxable income.net operating losses.
Other assets, which consist primarily of BOLI, prepaid expenses, investment in partnerships, the fair value of interest rate derivatives,Premises and other receivables,equipment increased $55.1$8.8 million, or 42%23%, to $185.8$46.4 million at June 30, 20172018 from $130.8$37.6 million at December 31, 2016.2017. In 2017, the Bank began working on an initiative to upgrade its information technology. The increase was primarily due to an additional $50.0 million investmentexpenditures related to this initiative. Generally the expenditures in BOLI policies.the preliminary project stage were expensed as incurred. Other expenditures related to the application development stage have been capitalized. The capitalized expenditures will be depreciated over the useful life of the asset when the asset is placed in service. The capitalized assets will be placed in service beginning in early 2018 through 2019.
Deposits. Total deposits increased $296.2 million, or 5%, to $6.4 billion,Deposits at June 30, 2017 from $6.1 billion2018 increased $109.9 million, or 2%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2016. 2017, primarily due to significant deposit inflows during the end of the second quarter of 2018. Although deposits increased on a point in time basis due to deposit inflows near the end of the second quarter of 2018, average deposits for the three months ended June 30, 2018 decreased 2% from the same period in 2017 and average deposits for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased 1% from the same period in 2017 as shown in the average balance sheet. For further details, see “Results of Operations” above.


Deposits are the principal source of the Bank’s funds for use in lending, investments, and liquidity. Certificates of deposits represented approximately 10% of total deposits at both June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Deposit levels can fluctuate from quarter to quarter as a result of large short-term transactions by commercial clients. Seasonality can also affect the deposit balances.
As a general matter, deposits are a cheaper source of funds than borrowings, because interest rates paid for deposits are typically less than interest rates charged for borrowings. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures, or otherwise, the amount of deposits at the Bank decreases relative to its overall banking operations, the Bank may be limited in its ability to grow its loan portfolio or may have to rely more heavily on higher cost borrowings as a source of funds in the future.
The following table presents the composition of the Company’s deposits at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016:2017:
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Balance as a % of total Balance as a % of totalBalance as a % of total Balance as a % of total
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)$1,935,622
 30% $1,753,648
 29%$2,089,373
 32% $2,025,690
 31%
NOW (1)631,973
 10% 578,657
 9%635,841
 10% 645,361
 10%
Savings69,892
 1% 74,162
 1%73,675
 1% 70,935
 1%
Money market (1)3,055,642
 48% 3,102,048
 51%3,128,211
 47% 3,121,811
 48%
Certificates of deposit under $100,000 (1)277,475
 4% 236,001
 4%255,976
 4% 250,070
 4%
Certificates of deposit of $100,000 or greater410,735
 7% 340,630
 6%
Certificates of deposit $100,000 or more to less than $250,00084,344
 1% 82,665
 1%
Certificates of deposit $250,000 or more352,759
 5% 313,714
 5%
Total deposits$6,381,339
 100% $6,085,146
 100%$6,620,179
 100% $6,510,246
 100%
_____________________
(1)Includes brokered deposits of $612.4$706.7 million $738.3and $780.2 million at June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively.
Borrowings.Total borrowings. Total borrowings (consisting of securities sold under agreements to repurchase, federal funds purchased (if any), FHLB borrowings, and junior subordinated debentures) decreased $185.6at June 30, 2018 increased $359.9 million, or 19%42%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2017.
FHLB borrowings increased $363.3 million, or 52%, to $0.8$1.1 billion at June 30, 20172018 from $1.0 billion at December 31, 2016.
Repurchase agreements decreased $30.4 million, or 51%, to $29.2 million at June 30, 2017 from $59.6$693.7 million at December 31, 2016. Repurchase agreements are generally linked to commercial demand deposit accounts with an overnight sweep feature.
From time to time, the Company purchases federal funds from the FHLB and other banking institutions to supplement its liquidity position. At June 30, 2017, the Company had $40.0 million federal funds purchased outstanding.2017. The Company had $80.0 million in federal funds purchased outstanding at December 31, 2016.
FHLB borrowings decreased $115.2 million, or 16%, to $619.0 million at June 30, 2017 from $734.2 million at December 31, 2016. The decreaseincrease was primarily due to deposit growthasset liability management considerations in excess oforder to fund additional loan growth in 2017.growth. FHLB borrowings are generally used to provide additional funding for loan growth when it is in excess of deposit growth and to manage interest rate risk, but can also be used as an additional source of liquidity for the Bank.
From time to time, the Company purchases federal funds from the FHLB and other banking institutions to supplement its liquidity position. At June 30, 2018, the Company had no federal funds purchased outstanding. The Company had $30.0 million in federal funds purchased outstanding at December 31, 2017.
Repurchase agreements increased $26.7 million to $58.8 million at June 30, 2018 from $32.2 million at December 31, 2017. Repurchase agreements are generally linked to commercial demand deposit accounts with an overnight sweep feature.
Total other liabilities. Total other liabilities, which consist primarily of accrued interest, accrued bonus, the fair value of interest rate derivatives, and other accrued expenses, decreased $4.6 million, or 4%, to $115.1 million at June 30, 2017 from $119.72018 decreased $6.7 million, or 5%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2016.2017. The decrease was primarily due todriven by the payment in the first quarter of 20172018 of accrued variable compensation, bonuses and employee benefits that had been accrued for at December 31, 2016.2017, partially offset by an increase in accrued interest. Total other liabilities at December 31, 2017 also included liabilities held for sale related to Anchor, which were removed when Anchor was sold in April 2018.



Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality
Loans. Total portfolio loans increased $165.6$262.1 million, or 3%4%, to $6.3$6.8 billion, or 77%78% of total assets, at June 30, 2017,2018, from $6.1$6.5 billion, or 77%78% of total assets, at December 31, 2016. Increases were recorded2017. The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio based on the portfolio segment and changes in residentialbalances as of the dates indicated:
 June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017 $ Change % Change
 (In thousands)  
Commercial and industrial$583,193
 $520,992
 $62,201
 12 %
Commercial tax-exempt438,882
 418,698
 20,184
 5 %
Total commercial and industrial1,022,075
 939,690
 82,385
 9 %
Commercial real estate2,504,521
 2,440,220
 64,301
 3 %
Construction and land172,024
 164,990
 7,034
 4 %
Residential2,808,206
 2,682,533
 125,673
 5 %
Home equity91,801
 99,958
 (8,157) (8)%
Consumer and other168,496
 177,637
 (9,141) (5)%
Total loans$6,767,123
 $6,505,028
 $262,095
 4 %
The ability to grow the loan portfolio is partially related to the Bank’s ability to increase deposit levels. Deposits are generally a cheaper source of funds than borrowings, because interest rates paid for deposits are typically less than interest rates charged for borrowings. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures, or otherwise, the amount of deposits at the Bank decreases relative to its overall banking operations, the Bank may be limited in its ability to grow its loan portfolio or may have to rely more heavily on higher cost borrowings as a source of funds in the future. The Bank’s use of wholesale funding is limited as a result of internal policies such as the loans of $145.4 million, or 6%; commercial real estate loans of $54.1 million, or 2%; construction and land loans of $26.1 million, or 25%; commercial tax exempt loans of $17.5 million, or 4%; consumer and other loans of $2.4 million, or 1%, partially offset by decreases in commercial and industrial loans of $69.6 million, or 11%, and home equity loans of $10.3 million, or 9%.to deposits ratio.
The Bank specializes in lending to individuals, real estate investors, and middle market businesses, including corporations, partnerships, associations and nonprofit organizations. Loans made by the Bank to individuals may include residential mortgage loans and mortgage loans on investment or vacation properties, unsecured and secured personal lines of credit, home equity loans, and overdraft protection. Loans made by the Bank to businesses include commercial and mortgage loans, revolving lines of credit, working capital loans, equipment financing, community lending programs, and construction and land loans. The types and sizes of loans the Bank originates are limited by regulatory requirements.
The Bank’s loans are affected by the economic and real estate markets in which they are located. Generally, commercial real estate, construction, and land loans are affected more than residential loans in an economic downturn.
The Bank’s commercial real estate loan portfolio, the largest portfolio segment after residential, includes loans secured by the following types of collateral at June 30, 2017: $699.0 million secured by multifamily and residential investment property; $619.4 million secured by retail property; $523.8 million secured by office and medical property; $190.5 million secured by manufacturing, industrial, and warehouse property; $128.0 million secured by hospitality property; and $195.6 million secured by other property. The Bank’s commercial real estate loan portfolio as of December 31, 2016 included loans secured by the following types of collateral: $674.2 million secured by multifamily and residential investment property; $660.7 million secured by retail property; $466.8 million secured by office and medical property; $195.9 million secured by manufacturing, industrial, and warehouse property; $116.0 million secured by hospitality property; and $188.6 million secured by other property.dates indicated:
 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
 (In thousands)
 Multifamily and residential investment$738,157
 $729,792
 Retail638,496
 634,843
 Office and medical551,514
 543,894
 Manufacturing, industrial, and warehouse203,738
 197,950
 Hospitality192,665
 148,354
 Other179,951
 185,387
Commercial real estate$2,504,521
 $2,440,220


Geographic concentration. The following table presentstables present the Company’s outstanding loan balance concentrations at June 30, 2017the dates indicated based on the location of the regional offices to which they are attributed.
As of June 30, 2018
New England San Francisco Bay Area Southern California TotalNew England San Francisco Bay Area Southern California Total
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount PercentAmount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$429,598
 7% $49,163
 1% $62,995
 1% $541,756
 9%$481,081
 7% $35,220
 1% $66,892
 1% $583,193
 9%
Commercial tax exempt312,783
 5% 91,666
 2% 11,708
 % 416,157
 7%
Commercial tax-exempt332,572
 5% 94,959
 1% 11,351
 % 438,882
 6%
Commercial real estate993,426
 16% 688,751
 11% 674,168
 11% 2,356,345
 38%1,069,942
 16% 739,769
 11% 694,810
 10% 2,504,521
 37%
Construction and land74,919
 1% 22,177
 % 33,808
 1% 130,904
 2%88,068
 1% 37,783
 1% 46,173
 1% 172,024
 3%
Residential1,540,393
 24% 488,854
 7% 495,978
 8% 2,525,225
 39%1,643,039
 24% 533,394
 8% 631,773
 10% 2,808,206
 42%
Home equity71,953
 1% 28,400
 1% 8,196
 % 108,549
 2%61,125
 1% 17,366
 % 13,310
 % 91,801
 1%
Consumer and other175,644
 3% 17,909
 % 7,439
 % 200,992
 3%145,726
 2% 14,659
 % 8,111
 % 168,496
 2%
Total loans (1)$3,598,716
 57% $1,386,920
 22% $1,294,292
 21% $6,279,928
 100%$3,821,553
 56% $1,473,150
 22% $1,472,420
 22% $6,767,123
 100%
 As of December 31, 2017
 New England San Francisco Bay Area Southern California Total
 Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$438,322
 7% $23,311
 % $59,359
 1% $520,992
 8%
Commercial tax-exempt305,792
 5% 101,340
 1% 11,566
 % 418,698
 6%
Commercial real estate1,002,092
 15% 725,454
 11% 712,674
 11% 2,440,220
 37%
Construction and land86,874
 1% 27,891
 1% 50,225
 1% 164,990
 3%
Residential1,598,072
 24% 512,189
 8% 572,272
 9% 2,682,533
 41%
Home equity67,435
 1% 22,462
 1% 10,061
 % 99,958
 2%
Consumer and other149,022
 3% 14,707
 % 13,908
 % 177,637
 3%
Total loans (1)$3,647,609
 56% $1,427,354
 22% $1,430,065
 22% $6,505,028
 100%
________________________
(1)Regional percentage totals may not reconcile due to rounding.

Allowance for loan losses. The allowance for loan losses is reported as a reduction of outstanding loan balances and totaled $75.0$73.5 million and $78.1$74.7 million as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively.


The allowance for loan losses decreased $1.2 million to $73.5 million, or 1.09% of total loans, as of June 30, 2017 decreased $3.12018 from $74.7 million, fromor 1.15% of total loans, as of December 31, 20162017. The decrease in the overall allowance for loan losses was due to a decline in thecriticized loans and a decline in loss factors, and a change in the volume and type of criticized loans, partially offset by loan growth and the mix in the loan portfolio and loan growth in certain portfolio segments.portfolio. The allowanceprovision for loan losses as a percentage of total loans decreased 9 basis points to 1.19% as of June 30, 2017 from 1.28% as of December 31, 2016. The decrease in the ratiosecond quarter of allowance for2018 was primarily driven by loan losses to total loans is due togrowth, partially offset by a decline in thecriticized loans and improved loss factors, a combination of the mix in the loan portfolio, and the change in the volume and type of criticized loans.rates. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 7: Allowance for Loan Losses” for an analysis of the Company’s allowance for loan losses.
An analysis of the risk in the loan portfolio as well as management judgment is used to determine the estimated appropriate amount of the allowance for loan losses. The Company’s allowance for loan losses is comprised of three primary components (general reserves, allocated reserves on non-impaired special mention and substandard loans, and allocated reserves on impaired loans). See Part II. Item 8. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 6: Allowance for Loan Losses” and the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017 for further information.


The following table presents a summary of loans charged-off, net of recoveries, by geography for the periods indicated. The geography assigned to the data is based on the location of the regional offices to which the loans are attributed.
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Net loans (charged-off)/ recovered:              
New England$667
 $1,276
 $746
 $(870)$(73) $667
 $(358) $746
San Francisco Bay Area2,856
 537
 2,891
 3,991
91
 2,856
 158
 2,891
Southern California(431) 48
 (410) (200)95
 (431) 264
 (410)
Total net loans (charged-off)/ recovered$3,092
 $1,861
 $3,227
 $2,921
$113
 $3,092
 $64
 $3,227
NetThere were $0.1 million in net recoveries of $3.1 million were recorded in the second quarter of 2017,2018, compared to $1.9$3.1 million of net recoveries for the same period of 2016. The $3.2 million in net recoveries recorded in the first six months of 2017 related primarily to commercial real estate loans.2017.
Despite the current year net recoveries on previously charged-off commercial loans (which include construction and land loans, commercial real estate, and commercial and industrial loans), theThe Company believes that commercial loans represent the greatest risk of loss due to the size and nature of these loans and the related collateral.collateral, if applicable. Local economic and business conditions in the markets where our offices are located have a significant impact on our commercial loan customers and their ability to service their loans.
Nonperforming assets. The Company’s nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and OREO, if any. OREO, if any, consists of real estate acquired through foreclosure proceedings and real estate acquired through acceptance of deeds in lieu of foreclosure. As of June 30, 2017,2018, nonperforming assets totaled $16.2$15.8 million, or 0.20%0.18% of total assets, a decreasean increase of $2.8$1.5 million, or 15%10%, compared to $19.0$14.3 million, or 0.24%0.17% of total assets, as of December 31, 2016.2017.
The Bank’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest on a loan when the collectability of principal or interest in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement is in doubt. Despite a loan having a current payment status, if the Bank has reason to believe it may not collect all principal and interest on the loan in accordance with the related contractual terms, the Bank will generally discontinue the accrual of interest income and will apply any future interest payments received to principal. Of the $16.2$15.7 million of loans on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2017, $5.82018, $3.0 million, or 36%19%, had a current payment status, $0.4$1.1 million, or 2%7%, were 30-89 days past due, and $10.0$11.6 million, or 62%74%, were 90 days or more past due. Of the $17.3$14.3 million of loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2016, $5.12017, $1.3 million, or 29%9%, had a current payment status, $2.2$3.4 million, or 13%24%, were 30-89 days past due, and $10.0$9.6 million, or 58%67%, were 90 days or more past due.
The Bank continues to evaluate the underlying collateral of each nonperforming loan and pursue the collection of interest and principal. Where appropriate, the Bank obtains updated appraisals on collateral. Reductions in fair values of the collateral for nonaccrual loans, if they are collateral dependent, could result in additional future provision for loan losses depending on the timing and severity of the decline. See Part I. Item 1. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 6: Loans Receivable”Portfolio and Credit Quality” for further information on nonperforming loans.


The Bank’s policy for returning a loan to accrual status requires the loan to be brought current and for the client to show a history of making timely payments (generally six consecutive months). For nonaccruing troubled debt restructured loans (“TDRs”), a return to accrual status generally requires timely payments for a period of six months in accordance with restructured terms, along with meeting other criteria.
Delinquencies. The past due status of a loan is determined in accordance with its contractual repayment terms. All loan types are reported past due when one scheduled payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more. Loans 30-89 days past due decreased $11.9$20.1 million, or 79%80%, to $3.2$5.0 million as of June 30, 20172018 from $15.1$25.0 million as of December 31, 2016.2017, with the decrease primarily due to the number of days in June as compared to the number of days in December. Loan delinquencies can be attributed to many factors, such as continuing weakness in, or deteriorating, economic conditions in the region in which the collateral is located, the loss of a tenant or lower lease rates for commercial borrowers, renewal and administrative issues, or the loss of income for consumers and the resulting liquidity impacts on the borrowers. Further deterioration in the credit condition of these delinquent loans could lead to the loans going to nonaccrual status and/or being downgraded. Downgrades would generally result in additional provision for loan losses. Past due loans may be included with accruing substandard loans.
In certain instances, although very infrequently, loans that have become 90 days or more past due may remain on accrual status if the value of the collateral securing the loan is sufficient to cover principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. There were no loans 90 days or more past due, but still accruing, respectively, as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017.


Impaired Loans. When management determines that it is probable that the Bank will not collect all principal and interest on a loan in accordance with the original loan terms, the loan is considered impaired. Certain impaired loans may continue to accrue interest based on factors such as the restructuring terms, if any, the historical payment performance, the value of collateral, and the financial condition of the borrower. Impaired commercial loans and impaired construction loans are typically, in accordance with ASC 310, individually evaluated for impairment. Large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans may be collectively evaluated for impairment. Such groups of loans may include, but are not limited to, residential loans, home equity loans, and consumer loans. However, if the terms of any of such loans are modified in a troubled debt restructuring, then such loans would be individually evaluated for impairment in the allowance for loan and lease losses.
Loans that are individually evaluated for impairment require an analysis to determine the amount of impairment, if any. For collateral dependent loans, impairment would be indicated as a result of the carrying value of the loan exceeding the estimated collateral value, less costs to sell, or, for loans not considered to be collateral dependent, the net present value of the projected cash flow, discounted at the loan’s contractual effective interest rate. Generally, when a collateral dependent loan becomes impaired, an updated appraisal of the collateral, if appropriate, is obtained. If the impaired loan has not been upgraded to a performing status within a reasonable amount of time, the Bank will continue to obtain updated appraisals, as deemed necessary, especially during periods of declining property values. Normally, shortfalls in the analysis of collateral dependent loans would result in the impairment amount being charged-off to the allowance for loan losses. Shortfalls on cash flow dependent loans may be carried as specific allocations to the general reserve unless a known loss is determined to have occurred, in which case such known loss is charged-off. Based on the impairment analysis, the provision could be higher or lower than the amount of provision associated with a loan prior to its classification as impaired. See Part II. Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017 for detail on the Company’s treatment of impaired loans in the allowance for loan losses.
Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment in the allowance for loan losses totaled $24.0$23.7 million as of June 30, 2017, a decrease2018, an increase of $2.0$1.1 million, or 8%5%, compared to $26.0$22.6 million as of December 31, 2016.2017. As of June 30, 2017, $9.52018, $8.3 million of the individually evaluated impaired loans had $1.0 million in specific reserve allocations. The remaining $14.5$15.4 million of individually evaluated impaired loans did not have specific reserve allocations due to the adequacy of collateral, prior charge-offs taken, interest collected and applied to principal, or a combination of these items. As of December 31, 2016, $11.42017, $8.1 million of individually evaluated impaired loans had $1.1$0.7 million in specific reserve allocations, and the remaining $14.6$14.5 million of individually evaluated impaired loans did not have specific reserve allocations.
The Bank may, under certain circumstances, restructure loans as a concession to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. Such loans are classified as TDRs and are included in impaired loans. TDRs typically result from the Bank’s loss mitigation activities which, among other things, could include rate reductions, payment extensions, and/or principal forgiveness. As of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, TDRs totaled $16.6$12.9 million and $18.1$13.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2017, $11.92018, $10.7 million of the $16.6$12.9 million in TDRs were on accrual status. As of December 31, 2016, $12.42017, $11.1 million of the $18.1$13.6 million in TDRs were on accrual status.


Potential Problem Loans. Loans that evidence weakness or potential weakness related to repayment history, the borrower’s financial condition, or other factors are reviewed by the Bank’s management to determine if the loan should be adversely classified. Delinquent loans may or may not be adversely classified depending upon management’s judgment with respect to each individual loan. The Bank classifies certain loans as “substandard,” “doubtful,” or “loss” based on criteria consistent with guidelines provided by banking regulators. Potential problem loans consist of accruing substandardclassified loans where known information about possible credit problems of the related borrowers causes management to have doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the present loan repayment terms and which may result in classification of such loans as nonperforming at some time in the future. Management cannot predict the extent to which economic conditions may worsen or other factors which may impact borrowers and the potential problem loans. Triggering events for loan downgrades include updated appraisal information, inability of borrowers to cover debt service payments, loss of tenants or notification by the tenant of non-renewal of lease, inability of borrowers to sell completed construction projects, and the inability of borrowers to sell properties. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that other loans will not become 90 days or more past due, be placed on nonaccrual, be restructured, or require increased allowance coverage and provision for loan losses.


As of June 30, 2017,2018, the Bank has identified $51.1$45.5 million in potential problem loans, a decrease of $12.6$7.9 million, or 20%15%, compared to $63.7$53.4 million as of December 31, 2016. This decrease was primarily due to one CRE loan for $9.2 million which was paid off in April 2017. Numerous factors impact the level of potential problem loans including economic conditions and real estate values. These factors affect the borrower’s liquidity and, in some cases, the borrower’s ability to comply with loan covenants such as debt service coverage. WhenFor instance, when there is a loss of a major tenant in a commercial real estate building, the appraised value of the building generally declines. Loans may be downgraded when this occurs as a result of the additional risk to the borrower in obtaining a new tenant in a timely manner and negotiating a lease with similar or better terms than the previous tenant. In many cases, these loans are still current and paying as agreed, although future performance may be impacted.
The following table presents a rollforward of nonaccrual loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 20172018 and 2016:2017:
As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans, beginning of period$20,945
 $24,356
 $17,315
 $26,571
$16,380
 $20,945
 $14,295
 $17,315
Transfers in to nonaccrual status2,536
 1,814
 7,716
 5,136
680
 2,536
 4,918
 7,716
Transfers out to OREO
 (1,944) 
 (1,944)(108) 
 (108) 
Transfers out to accrual status(970) (300) (1,540) (1,274)(905) (970) (1,792) (1,540)
Charge-offs(458) (19) (458) (2,765)(140) (458) (514) (458)
Paid off/ paid down(5,877) (4,719) (6,857) (6,536)(256) (5,877) (1,148) (6,857)
Nonaccrual loans, end of period$16,176
 $19,188
 $16,176
 $19,188
$15,651
 $16,176
 $15,651
 $16,176

The following table presents a summary of credit quality by geography, based on the location of the regional offices:
June 30,
2017
 December 31, 2016June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans:      
New England$9,880
 $10,081
$7,282
 $6,061
San Francisco Bay Area1,857
 2,989
1,319
 1,473
Southern California4,439
 4,245
7,050
 6,761
Total nonaccrual loans$16,176
 $17,315
$15,651
 $14,295
Loans 30-89 days past due and accruing:      
New England$3,182
 $10,311
$4,653
 $19,725
San Francisco Bay Area12
 591

 1,911
Southern California
 4,235
324
 3,412
Total loans 30-89 days past due$3,194
 $15,137
$4,977
 $25,048
Accruing substandard loans:   
Accruing classified loans:   
New England$10,185
 $10,972
$11,493
 $10,911
San Francisco Bay Area6,574
 15,890
12,766
 11,615
Southern California34,339
 36,809
21,194
 30,826
Total accruing substandard loans$51,098
 $63,671
Total accruing classified loans$45,453
 $53,352



The following table presents a summary of credit quality by loan type. The loan type assigned to the credit quality data is based on the purpose of the loan.
June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans:      
Commercial and industrial$697
 $572
$1,412
 $748
Commercial tax-exempt
 
Commercial real estate3,004
 4,583
1,838
 1,985
Construction and land232
 179

 110
Residential11,173
 10,908
9,610
 8,470
Home equity1,070
 1,072
2,789
 2,840
Consumer and other
 1
2
 142
Total nonaccrual loans$16,176
 $17,315
$15,651
 $14,295
Loans 30-89 days past due and accruing:      
Commercial and industrial$665
 $1,619
$521
 $11,752
Commercial tax-exempt
 
Commercial real estate182
 3,096

 4,043
Construction and land
 

 
Residential1,140
 4,182
3,641
 8,874
Home equity429
 245
812
 355
Consumer and other778
 5,995
3
 24
Total loans 30-89 days past due$3,194
 $15,137
$4,977
 $25,048
Accruing substandard loans:   
Accruing classified loans:   
Commercial and industrial$6,575
 $9,277
$7,602
 $10,951
Commercial tax-exempt
 
Commercial real estate39,980
 49,696
29,259
 34,455
Construction and land2,922
 3,297
7,264
 6,596
Residential1,370
 1,399
1,326
 1,349
Home equity
 

 
Consumer and other251
 2
2
 1
Total accruing substandard loans$51,098
 $63,671
Total accruing classified loans$45,453
 $53,352

Liquidity
Liquidity is defined as the Company’s ability to generate adequate cash to meet its needs for day-to-day operations and material long and short-term commitments. Liquidity risk is the risk of potential loss if the Company were unable to meet its funding requirements at a reasonable cost. The Company manages its liquidity based on demand, commitments, specific events and uncertainties to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term nature. The Company’s objective in managing liquidity is to respond to the needs of depositors and borrowers as well as earnings enhancement opportunities in a changing marketplace.


The following table presents certain liquidity measurements as of the dates indicated:
 June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017 $
Change
 %
Change
 (In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$364,539
 $120,541
 $243,998
 nm
Investment securities available-for-sale1,076,967
 1,170,328
 (93,361) (8)%
LESS: Securities pledged against current borrowings and derivatives(65,724) (38,779) (26,945) 69 %
Subtotal$1,375,782
 $1,252,090
 $123,692
 10 %
As a percent of assets16% 15%   

        
Access to additional FHLB borrowings858,062
 1,228,008
 (369,946) (30)%
Subtotal$2,233,844
 $2,480,098
 $(246,254) (10)%
As a percent of assets26% 30%   

As a percent of deposits34% 38%   

_____________________
nm = not meaningful
At June 30, 2017,2018, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $97.0$364.5 million. The Holding Company’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $59.6$54.5 million at June 30, 2017.2018. Management believes that the Holding Company and its affiliates, including the Bank, have adequate liquidity to meet their commitments for the foreseeable future.
Management is responsible for establishing and monitoring liquidity targets as well as strategies to meet these targets. At June 30, 20172018, consolidated cash and cash equivalents and investment securities available-for-sale, securities, less securities pledged against current borrowings and derivatives, amounted to $1.2$1.4 billion, or 15%16% of total assets, compared to $1.3 billion, or 16%15% of total assets, at December 31, 2016.2017. Future loan growth may depend upon the Company’s ability to continue to grow its core deposit levels. In addition, the Company has access to available borrowings through the FHLB totaling $1.1 billion$858.1 million at June 30, 2017 compared to $0.92018, which decreased from $1.2 billion at December 31, 2016.2017, as the Company increased its usage of FHLB borrowings in 2018. Combined, this liquidity totals $2.3$2.2 billion, or 29%26% of assets and 37%34% of total deposits, as of June 30, 2017,2018, compared to $2.2$2.5 billion, or 28%30% of assets and 37%38% of total deposits, at December 31, 2016.


2017.
The Bank has various internal policies and guidelines regarding liquidity, both on- and off-balance sheet, loans to assets ratio, and limits on the use of wholesale funds. These policies and/or guidelines require certain minimum or maximum balances or ratios be maintained at all times. In light of the provisions in the Bank’s internal liquidity policies and guidelines, the Bank will carefully manage the amount and timing of future loan growth along with its relevant liquidity policies and balance sheet guidelines. As a general matter, deposits are a cheaper source of funds than borrowings, because interest rates paid for deposits are typically less than interest rates charged for borrowings. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures, or otherwise, the amount of deposits at the Bank decreases relative to its overall banking operations, the Bank may be limited in its ability to grow its loan portfolio or may have to rely more heavily on higher cost borrowings as a source of funds in the future.
Holding Company Liquidity. The Company and some of the Company’s majority-owned affiliates hold put and call options that would require the Company to purchase (and the noncontrolling interest owners of the majority-owned affiliates to sell) the remaining noncontrolling interests in these companies at either a contractually predetermined fair value, a multiple of EBITDA, or fair value, as determined by the respective agreements. At June 30, 2017,2018, the estimated maximum redemption value for these affiliates related to outstanding put options was $17.2$10.7 million, all of which could be redeemed within the next 12 months, under certain circumstances, and is classified on the consolidated balance sheets as redeemable noncontrolling interests. These put and call options are discussed in detail in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 14: Noncontrolling Interests” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.


The Holding Company’s primary sources of funds are dividends from its affiliates and access to the capital and debt markets. The Holding Company recognized $2.7$1.7 million in net income from discontinued operations during the six months ended June 30, 20172018 as the final payment related to a revenue sharing agreement with Westfield. The Company will not receive additional income from Westfield Capital Managementnow that the final payment has been received. Although not a primary source of funds, the Holding Company LLC (“Westfield”). Thishas generated liquidity from the sale of affiliates in the past and also generated additional funds at the time of the Anchor sale closing in April 2018. Pursuant to the Anchor sale agreement, the Holding Company will be entitled to future revenue sharing agreement ispayments that have a net present value of $15.4 million in effect through December 2017, andaddition to the terms are discussed in detail in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 3: Acquisitions, Asset Sales, and Divestitures”$34.2 million of cash received at the time of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K forsale closing in April 2018. The company expects to receive $1.2 million over the year ended December 31, 2016. Other thanremaining six months of 2018 related to the revenue sharing agreement with Westfield, divestitures are not ongoing sourcesAnchor, a portion of funds forwhich will be recorded as miscellaneous income. The Company also incurred a tax liability of $12.7 million attributable to the Holding Company. Aftertransaction, which is primarily the December 2017 payment under the revenue sharing agreement is received in 2018, the Company will not receive additional net income from Westfield. result of a book-to-tax basis difference associated with nondeductible goodwill.
Dividends from the Bank are limited by various regulatory requirements relating to capital adequacy and retained earnings. See Part II. Item 5. “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholders Matters, and Issuers Purchases of Equity Securities” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017 for further details.
The Bank pays dividends to the Holding Company, subject to the approval of the Bank’s boardBoard of directors,Directors, depending on its profitability and asset growth. If regulatory agencies were to require banks to increase their capital ratios, or impose other restrictions, it may limit the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to the Holding Company and/or limit the amount that the Bank could grow.
Although the Bank’s capital currently exceeds regulatory requirements for capital, the Holding Company could downstream additional capital to increase the rate that the Bank could grow. Depending upon the amount of capital downstreamed by the Holding Company, the approval of the Holding Company’s boardBoard of directorsDirectors may be required prior to the payment, if any.
The Company is required to pay interest quarterly on its junior subordinated debentures. The estimated cash outlay for the remaining six months of 20172018 for the interest payments is approximately $1.6$2.2 million based on the debt outstanding at June 30, 20172018 and estimated LIBOR.London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). LIBOR is expected to be phased out as an index by the end of 2021. The Company is currently evaluating alternatives to the LIBOR index.
The Company presently plans to pay cash dividends on its common stock on a quarterly basis dependent upon a number of factors such as profitability, Holding Company liquidity, and the Company’s capital levels. However, the ultimate declaration of dividends by the boardBoard of directorsDirectors of the Company will depend on consideration of, among other things, recent financial trends and internal forecasts, regulatory limitations, alternative uses of capital deployment, general economic conditions, and regulatory changes to capital requirements. Additionally, the Company is required to inform and consult with the Federal Reserve in advance of declaring a dividend that exceeds earnings for the period for which the dividend is being paid. Based on the current quarterly dividend rate of $0.11$0.12 per share, as announced by the Company on January 18, 2017,17, 2018, and estimated shares outstanding, the Company estimates that the amount to be paid out for dividends to common shareholders in the remaining six months of 20172018 will be approximately $18.1$20.4 million. The estimated dividend payments in 20172018 could increase or decrease if the Company’s boardBoard of directorsDirectors votes to increase or decrease, respectively, the current dividend rate, and/or the number of shares outstanding changes significantly.
Based
The Series D preferred stock was callable by the Company beginning in June 2018. On June 15, 2018, the Company redeemed all $50 million of the outstanding Series D preferred stock. There will therefore be no additional outlay for cash dividends on the shares of stock outstanding of 6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D and the dividend rate, the Company expects to pay $1.7 million in cash dividends on preferred stock for the remaining six months of 2017. Although the rate of interest is set in the terms of the preferred stock, the quarterly preferred stock dividend payments are subject to approval by the Company’s board of directors.2018.
In the first quarter of 2016,2018, the Company’s boardBoard of directorsDirectors approved, and the Company received regulatory non-objection for, a share repurchase program of up to $20$20.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common shares. Under the program, shares may be repurchased from time to time in the open market for a two-year period. As of June 30, 2017, there2018, the full $20.0 million remains $10.7 million


available to be repurchased.for repurchase. The amount and timing of additional repurchases if any, will be based on the Company’s continuous evaluation of the program.
Bank Liquidity. The Bank has established various borrowing arrangements to provide additional sources of liquidity and funding. Management believes that the Bank currently has adequate liquidity available to respond to current demands. The Bank is a member of the FHLB of Boston, and as such, has access to short- and long-term borrowings from that institution. The FHLB can change the advance amounts that banks can utilize based on a bank’s current financial condition as obtained from publicly available data such as FDIC Call Reports. Decreases in the amount of FHLB borrowings available to the Bank would lower its liquidity and possibly limit the Bank’s ability to grow in the short-term. Management believes that the Bank has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future.


In addition to the above liquidity, the Bank has access to the Federal ReserveFRB discount window facility, which can provide short-term liquidity as “lender of last resort,” brokered deposits, and federal funds lines. The use of non-core funding sources, including brokered deposits and borrowings, by the Bank may be limited by regulatory agencies. Generally, the regulatory agencies prefer that banks rely on core-funding sources for liquidity.
From time to time, the Bank purchases federal funds from the FHLB and other banking institutions to supplement its liquidity position. At June 30, 2017,2018, the Bank had unused federal fund lines of credit totaling $565.0$515.0 million, compared to $435.0 million at December 31, 2017, with correspondent institutions to provide it with immediate access to overnight borrowings, compared to $485.0 million at December 31, 2016.borrowings. At June 30, 2017,2018, the Bank had $40.0 million ofno outstanding borrowings under the federal fund lines with these correspondent institutions and had $80.0$30.0 million of outstanding borrowings under the federal fund lines at December 31, 2016.2017. Certain liquidity sources, such as federal funds lines, may be withdrawn by the correspondent bank at any time especially in the event of financial deterioration of the institution.
The Bank has also negotiated brokered deposit agreements with several institutions that have nationwide distribution capabilities. The Bank also participates in deposit placement services that can be used to provide customers to expanded deposit insurance coverage. At June 30, 2017,2018, the Bank had $612.4$706.7 million of brokered deposits outstanding under these agreements, compared to $738.3$780.2 million at December 31, 2016.2017.
If the Bank is no longer able to utilize the FHLB for borrowing, collateral currently used for FHLB borrowings could be transferred to other facilities such as the Federal Reserve’sFRB’s discount window. In addition, the Bank could increase its usage of brokered deposits. Other borrowing arrangements may have higher rates than the FHLB would typically charge.

Capital Resources
Total shareholders’ equity at June 30, 20172018 was $799.4$734.0 million, compared to $768.5$785.9 million at December 31, 2016, an increase2017, a decrease of $30.9 million, or 4%.$52.0 million. The increasedecrease in shareholders’ equity was primarily the result of net income,the redemption of the Series D preferred stock, dividends paid, and the change in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss), amortization of stock compensation, and the conversion of stock warrants, partially offset by dividends paid.net income.
The Company currently has one class of warrants to purchase common stock outstanding. These warrants were initially issued to the U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “TARP warrants”). As of June 30, 2017, 1,833,2552018, 1.2 million TARP warrants at a strike price of $8.00 per share were outstanding, before adjusting for dividends paid on the Company’s common stock in excess of $0.01 per share. The TARP warrants expire in November 2018.
As a bank holding company, The Company expects all of the CompanyTARP warrants to be exercised between now and the expiration date, as they are in-the-money. The number of shares of common stock to be issued, and the amount of cash to be received, from the exercise of the TARP warrants is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can result in certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a material effectdependent upon the price of the Company’s common stock on the Company’s financial statements. For example, under capital adequacy guidelinesdate of exercise and whether the holder of the warrants being exercised elects a cash or cashless exercise.
The Company and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory guidelines. The Bank’s capital and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Similarly, the Company is also subject to capital requirements administeredrules issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve with respect to certain non-banking activities, including adjustments in connection with off-balance sheet items.
Effective January 1, 2015,System (the “Federal Reserve”). Under these rules, the Company and the Bank adopted the BASEL III regulatoryare each required to maintain a minimum common equity Tier 1 capital framework. Under BASEL III,to risk-weighted assets ratio of 4.5%, a minimum Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 6.0%, a minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 8.0%, and a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. Additionally, subject to a transition schedule, these rules require the Company and the Bank were required to implement a new risk-weighted capital measure, common equity tier 1 (“CETI”), as well as a phased in capital conservation buffer. In addition, capital requirements for all banking organizations were increased. In order to avoid limitations on distributions, including dividend payments and certain discretionary bonus payments to executive officers,establish a capital conservation buffer must be heldof common equity Tier 1 capital in an amount above the minimum risk-based capital requirements.requirements for “adequately capitalized” institutions equal to 2.5% of total risk-weighted assets, or face restrictions on the ability to pay dividends, pay discretionary bonuses, and to engage in share repurchases.

The new rules are phased-in through 2019. The Bank and Company were in compliance with all of the requirements of the capital conservation bufferA Federal Reserve-supervised institution, such as of June 30, 2017.
To be categorized as “well capitalized,” the Company and the Bank, must maintain specified minimumis considered “well capitalized” if it (i) has a total capital ratios. In addition, the Companyto risk-weighted assets ratio of 10.0% or greater; (ii) a Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 8.0% or greater; (iii) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio to risk-weighted assets of 6.5% or greater; (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater; and the Bank cannot be(iv) is not subject to any written agreement, order, or capital directive, or prompt corrective action directive to be considered “well capitalized.” Both the Companymeet and themaintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. The Bank maintained capital at levels that would beis currently considered “well capitalized” as of June 30, 2017 under the applicable regulations.
As of June 30, 2017, quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy required us to maintain minimum ratios of CETI, Tier 1, and total capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined in the regulations) and of Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to average assets (as defined in the regulations).all regulatory definitions.
The following tables presenttable presents the Company’s and the Bank’s amounts of regulatory capital and related ratios as of June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016.2017. Also presented are the minimum requirements established by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC as of those dates for the Company and the Bank, respectively, to meet applicable capital requirements and the requirements of the FDIC as of those dates for the Bank to be considered “well capitalized” under the FDIC’s prompt corrective action provisions. On July 28, 2017, Boston Private Bank became a member of the Federal Reserve System.all regulatory definitions. The Federal Reserve and the Massachusetts Division of Banks may impose higher capital ratios than those listed below based upon the results of regulatory exams. The Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” under the FDIC’s prompt corrective action provisions as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
 Actual For capital adequacy purposes (at least) To be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions (at least) Basel III minimum capital ratio with capital conservation buffer (1)
 Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Ratio
 (In thousands)  
As of June 30, 2017             
Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital             
Company$592,845
 10.28% $259,446
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%
Boston Private Bank685,118
 11.93
 258,481
 4.5
 $373,361
 6.5% 7.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital             
Company742,540
 12.88
 345,928
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5
Boston Private Bank685,118
 11.93
 344,641
 6.0
 459,521
 8.0
 8.5
Total risk-based capital             
Company814,935
 14.13
 461,238
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5
Boston Private Bank756,976
 13.18
 459,521
 8.0
 574,401
 10.0
 10.5
Tier 1 leverage capital             
Company742,540
 9.25
 321,222
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0
Boston Private Bank685,118
 8.58
 319,281
 4.0
 399,101
 5.0
 4.0
              

Actual For capital adequacy purposes (at least) To be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions (at least) Basel III minimum capital ratio with capital conservation buffer (1)Actual For capital adequacy purposes (at least) To be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions (at least) Minimum capital ratio with capital conservation buffer (1)
Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio RatioAmount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Ratio
(In thousands)  (In thousands) 
As of December 31, 2016             
As of June 30, 2018          
Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital                       
Company$571,663
 10.00% $257,222
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%$665,628
 10.90% $274,706
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%
Boston Private Bank661,991
 11.64
 256,030
 4.5
 $369,822
 6.5% 7.0718,886
 11.80
 274,040
 4.5
 $395,835
 6.5% 7.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital                       
Company722,674
 12.64
 342,962
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5767,263
 12.57
 366,275
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5
Boston Private Bank661,991
 11.64
 341,374
 6.0
 455,165
 8.0
 8.5718,886
 11.80
 365,386
 6.0
 487,181
 8.0 8.5
Total risk-based capital                       
Company794,584
 13.90
 457,283
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5842,299
 13.80
 488,367
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5
Boston Private Bank733,214
 12.89
 455,165
 8.0
 568,956
 10.0
 10.5793,698
 13.03
 487,181
 8.0
 608,977
 10.0 10.5
Tier 1 leverage capital                       
Company722,674
 9.42
 306,848
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0767,263
 9.21
 244,183
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0
Boston Private Bank661,991
 8.70
 304,510
 4.0
 380,637
 5.0
 4.0718,886
 8.69
 331,063
 4.0
 413,829
 5.0 4.0
          
As of December 31, 2017          
Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital          
Company$607,800
 10.32% $265,153
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%
Boston Private Bank694,201
 11.83
 264,028
 4.5
 $381,373
 6.5% 7.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital          
Company758,089
 12.87
 353,537
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5
Boston Private Bank694,201
 11.83
 352,037
 6.0
 469,382
 8.0 8.5
Total risk-based capital          
Company832,182
 14.12
 471,383
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5
Boston Private Bank767,576
 13.08
 469,382
 8.0
 586,728
 10.0 10.5
Tier 1 leverage capital          
Company758,089
 9.34
 324,725
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0
Boston Private Bank694,201
 8.63
 321,920
 4.0
 402,400
 5.0 4.0
_____________________
n/a    not applicable
(1)Required capital ratios under the Basel III capital rules with the fully phased-in capital conservation buffer added to the minimum risk-based capital ratios. The fully phased-in ratios are effective for 2019, with lower requirements during the transition years 2016 through 2018.
Bank regulatory authorities restrict the Bank from lending or advancing funds to, or investing in the securities of, the Company. Further, these authorities restrict the amounts available for the payment of dividends by the Bank to the Company.
The Company has sponsored the creation of two statutory trusts for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and investing the proceeds in junior subordinated debentures of the Company. In accordance with ASC 810-10-55, Consolidation - Overall - Implementation Guidance and Illustrations - Variable Interest Entities, these statutory trusts created by the Company are not consolidated into the Company’s financial statements; however, the Company reflects the amounts of junior subordinated debentures payable to the preferred stockholders of statutory trusts as debt in its financial statements. As of both June 30, 20172018 and December 31, 2016,2017, all $100.0 million of the net balance of these trust preferred securities qualified as Tier 1 capital.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 13:14: Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for a description of upcoming changes to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States that may impact the Company.



Item 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
There have been no material changes in the Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk as described in Part II. Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

Item 4.     Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, the Company has evaluated, with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this


report, the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures. In designing and evaluating the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, the Company and its management recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only a reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating and implementing possible controls and procedures.
Based on such evaluation, except for the exclusion noted in the preceding paragraph, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 20172018 in ensuring that material information required to be disclosed by the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, was made known to the certifying officers by others within the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the disclosure controls and procedures, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to ensure that the Company’s systems evolve with its business.
(b) Change in internal controls over financial reporting.
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2017,2018, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.



PART II. Other Information

Item 1.     Legal Proceedings
The Company is involved in various legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, final disposition of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.

Item 1A.     Risk Factors
Before deciding to invest in us or deciding to maintain or increase your investment, you should carefully consider the risks described in Part I. Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162017 as filed with the SEC. There have been no material changes to these risk factors since the filing of that report, except as discussed in the following paragraphs.
The Company is amending one of the risk factors in its Annual Report on Form 10-K to reflect the fact that, on July 28, 2017, the Bank became a member of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
Our banking business is highly regulated, which could limit or restrict our activities, and changes in banking laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We are subject to regulation and supervision by the Federal Reserve, and the Bank is subject to regulation and supervision by the Commissioner and the Federal Reserve. Federal and state laws and regulations govern numerous matters affecting us, including changes in the ownership or control of banks and bank holding companies; maintenance of adequate capital and the financial condition of a financial institution; permissible types, amounts and terms of extensions of credit and investments; permissible non-banking activities; the level of reserves against deposits and restrictions on dividend payments. The Federal Reserve and the Commissioner have the power to issue cease and desist orders to prevent or remedy unsafe or unsound practices or violations of law by banks subject to their regulation, and the Federal Reserve possesses similar powers with respect to bank holding companies. These and other restrictions limit the manner in which we and the Bank may conduct business and obtain financing.
The laws, rules, regulations and supervisory guidance and policies applicable to us are subject to regular modification and change. These changes could adversely and materially impact us. Such changes could subject us to additional costs, including costs of compliance, limit the types of financial services and products we may offer, and/or increase the ability of non-banks to offer competing financial services and products, among other things. Failure to comply with laws, regulations, policies, or supervisory guidance could result in enforcement and other legal actions by federal or state authorities, including criminal and civil penalties, the loss of FDIC insurance, revocation of a banking charter, other sanctions by regulatory agencies, civil money penalties, and/or reputational damage, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.report. 

Item 2.     Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
There were no unregistered sales of equity securities of the Company in the second quarter of 2017.2018.
TheThere were no repurchases of the Company’s outstanding common shares in the second quarter of 2018.
On March 28, 2018, the Company received a notice of non-objection from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston for a share repurchase program of up to $20 million of the Company’s outstanding common shares. Under the program, shares may be repurchased from time to time in the open market in amounts and at prices the Company deems appropriate, subject to market conditions and other considerations, for a two-year period. The program does not obligate the Company to purchase any shares. The repurchases will be funded from cash on hand, proceeds from potential debt or other capital markets sources. The share repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. The Company’s boardBoard of directorsDirectors approved the program, subject to regulatory non-objection, on January 27, 2016. There were no repurchases of equity securities of the Company in the second quarter of 2017. February 26, 2018.
The Company has authorization toCompany’s previous share repurchase $10,661,737 of shares basedprogram expired on the remaining amount in the current repurchase program.
February 28, 2018.



Item 3.     Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.

Item 4.     Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.

Item 5.     Other Information
On July 28, 2017, Boston Private Bank & Trust Company became a member of the Federal Reserve System.None.

Item 6.     Exhibits
(a) Exhibits
Exhibit No. Description Incorporated by Reference 
Filed or
Furnished
with this
10-Q
Form 
SEC Filing
Date
 
Exhibit
Number
 
10.1Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for the Chief Executive Officer under the Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2009 Stock Option and Incentive PlanFiled
10.2Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Employees under the Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. Amended and Restated 2009 Stock Option and Incentive PlanFiled
10.3Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Employees under the Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. 2010 Inducement Stock Plan, as AmendedFiled
31.1        Filed
31.2        Filed
32.1        Furnished
32.2        Furnished
101.INS XBRL Instance Document       Filed
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document       Filed
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document       Filed
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document       Filed
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document       Filed
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document       Filed




SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
  
 
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.
  
 
/s/ CLAYTON G. DEUTSCH
August 2, 20171, 2018Clayton G. Deutsch
 Chief Executive Officer
  
 
/s/    DSAVIDTEVEN J. KM. GAYEAVEN
August 2, 20171, 2018David J. KayeSteven M. Gaven
 
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial
and Administrative Officer


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