UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q 
(Mark one)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period endedMarch 31, 20212022
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period fromto

Commission file number 1-14023

ofc-20220331_g1.jpg
CORPORATE OFFICE PROPERTIES TRUST
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland 23-2947217
(State or other jurisdiction of (IRS Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
6711 Columbia Gateway Drive, Suite 300, Columbia, MD21046
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (443) 285-5400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par valueOFCNew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes   ☐ No
YesNo
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filerAccelerated filerNon-accelerated filerSmaller reporting companyEmerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YesNo

As of April 22, 2021, 112,326,0542022, 112,414,849 of Corporate Office Properties Trust’s Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, $0.01 par value, were issued and outstanding.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
FORM 10-Q
 
 PAGE
 
 
   
 
  

2


PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEMItem 1. Financial Statements

Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share data)
(unaudited)
March 31,
2021
December 31, 2020March 31,
2022
December 31, 2021
AssetsAssets  Assets  
Properties, net:Properties, net:  Properties, net:  
Operating properties, netOperating properties, net$3,106,698 $3,115,280 Operating properties, net$3,167,851 $3,090,510 
Projects in development or held for future developmentProjects in development or held for future development472,556 447,269 Projects in development or held for future development412,430 442,434 
Total properties, netTotal properties, net3,579,254 3,562,549 Total properties, net3,580,281 3,532,944 
Property - operating right-of-use assetsProperty - operating right-of-use assets39,810 40,570 Property - operating right-of-use assets38,566 38,361 
Property - finance right-of-use assets40,091 40,425 
Assets held for sale, netAssets held for sale, net— 192,699 
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents36,139 18,369 Cash and cash equivalents19,347 13,262 
Investment in unconsolidated real estate joint venturesInvestment in unconsolidated real estate joint ventures28,934 29,303 Investment in unconsolidated real estate joint ventures39,440 39,889 
Accounts receivable, netAccounts receivable, net44,916 41,637 Accounts receivable, net42,596 40,752 
Deferred rent receivableDeferred rent receivable98,048 92,876 Deferred rent receivable114,952 108,926 
Intangible assets on real estate acquisitions, net18,137 19,344 
Deferred leasing costs (net of accumulated amortization of $29,854 and $30,375, respectively)56,508 58,613 
Investing receivables (net of allowance for credit losses of $2,080 and $2,851, respectively)71,831 68,754 
Intangible assets on property acquisitions, netIntangible assets on property acquisitions, net13,410 14,567 
Lease incentives, netLease incentives, net52,089 51,486 
Deferred leasing costs (net of accumulated amortization of $32,293 and $31,768, respectively)Deferred leasing costs (net of accumulated amortization of $32,293 and $31,768, respectively)65,660 65,850 
Investing receivables (net of allowance for credit losses of $1,676 and $1,599, respectively)Investing receivables (net of allowance for credit losses of $1,676 and $1,599, respectively)82,417 82,226 
Prepaid expenses and other assets, netPrepaid expenses and other assets, net99,280 104,583 Prepaid expenses and other assets, net83,268 81,490 
Total assetsTotal assets$4,112,948 $4,077,023 Total assets$4,132,026 $4,262,452 
Liabilities and equityLiabilities and equity  Liabilities and equity  
Liabilities:Liabilities:  Liabilities:  
Debt, netDebt, net$2,207,903 $2,086,918 Debt, net$2,156,784 $2,272,304 
Accounts payable and accrued expensesAccounts payable and accrued expenses96,465 142,717 Accounts payable and accrued expenses144,974 186,202 
Rents received in advance and security depositsRents received in advance and security deposits30,922 33,425 Rents received in advance and security deposits29,082 32,262 
Dividends and distributions payableDividends and distributions payable31,305 31,231 Dividends and distributions payable31,402 31,299 
Deferred revenue associated with operating leasesDeferred revenue associated with operating leases10,221 10,832 Deferred revenue associated with operating leases8,241 9,341 
Property - operating lease liabilitiesProperty - operating lease liabilities30,176 30,746 Property - operating lease liabilities29,729 29,342 
Interest rate derivatives7,640 9,522 
Other liabilitiesOther liabilities15,599 12,490 Other liabilities14,458 17,729 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities2,430,231 2,357,881 Total liabilities2,414,670 2,578,479 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)00Commitments and contingencies (Note 18)00
Redeemable noncontrolling interestsRedeemable noncontrolling interests25,925 25,430 Redeemable noncontrolling interests26,820 26,898 
Equity:Equity:  Equity:  
Corporate Office Properties Trust’s shareholders’ equity:  
Common Shares of beneficial interest ($0.01 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding of 112,327,234 at March 31, 2021 and 112,181,759 at December 31, 2020)1,123 1,122 
Shareholders’ equity:Shareholders’ equity:  
Common Shares of beneficial interest ($0.01 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding of 112,418,811 at March 31, 2022 and 112,327,533 at December 31, 2021)Common Shares of beneficial interest ($0.01 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; shares issued and outstanding of 112,418,811 at March 31, 2022 and 112,327,533 at December 31, 2021)1,124 1,123 
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital2,476,807 2,478,906 Additional paid-in capital2,479,119 2,481,539 
Cumulative distributions in excess of net incomeCumulative distributions in excess of net income(847,407)(809,836)Cumulative distributions in excess of net income(828,473)(856,863)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(7,391)(9,157)
Total Corporate Office Properties Trust’s shareholders’ equity1,623,132 1,661,035 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)164 (3,059)
Total shareholders’ equityTotal shareholders’ equity1,651,934 1,622,740 
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries:Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries:  Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries:  
Common units in COPLP21,345 20,465 
Common units in Corporate Office Properties, L.P. (“COPLP”)Common units in Corporate Office Properties, L.P. (“COPLP”)25,285 21,363 
Other consolidated entitiesOther consolidated entities12,315 12,212 Other consolidated entities13,317 12,972 
Noncontrolling interests in subsidiariesNoncontrolling interests in subsidiaries33,660 32,677 Noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries38,602 34,335 
Total equityTotal equity1,656,792 1,693,712 Total equity1,690,536 1,657,075 
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equityTotal liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity$4,112,948 $4,077,023 Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and equity$4,132,026 $4,262,452 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
3


Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except per share data)
(unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
RevenuesRevenues  Revenues
Lease revenueLease revenue$144,624 $131,012 Lease revenue$141,389 $137,290 
Other property revenueOther property revenue540 1,104 Other property revenue891 540 
Construction contract and other service revenuesConstruction contract and other service revenues16,558 13,681 Construction contract and other service revenues53,200 16,558 
Total revenuesTotal revenues161,722 145,797 Total revenues195,480 154,388 
Operating expensesOperating expenses  Operating expenses  
Property operating expensesProperty operating expenses56,974 49,999 Property operating expenses57,181 53,276 
Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operationsDepreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations37,321 32,596 Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations34,264 34,500 
Construction contract and other service expensesConstruction contract and other service expenses15,793 13,121 Construction contract and other service expenses51,650 15,793 
General, administrative and leasing expensesGeneral, administrative and leasing expenses8,406 7,486 General, administrative and leasing expenses8,544 8,406 
Business development expenses and land carry costsBusiness development expenses and land carry costs1,094 1,118 Business development expenses and land carry costs783 1,094 
Total operating expensesTotal operating expenses119,588 104,320 Total operating expenses152,422 113,069 
Interest expenseInterest expense(17,519)(16,840)Interest expense(14,424)(17,519)
Interest and other incomeInterest and other income1,865 1,205 Interest and other income1,893 1,865 
Credit loss recoveries (expense)907 (689)
Credit loss recoveriesCredit loss recoveries316 907 
Gain on sales of real estateGain on sales of real estate(490)Gain on sales of real estate15 (490)
Loss on early extinguishment of debtLoss on early extinguishment of debt(33,166)Loss on early extinguishment of debt(342)(33,166)
(Loss) income before equity in income of unconsolidated entities and income taxes(6,269)25,158 
Income (loss) from continuing operations before equity in income of unconsolidated entities and income taxesIncome (loss) from continuing operations before equity in income of unconsolidated entities and income taxes30,516 (7,084)
Equity in income of unconsolidated entitiesEquity in income of unconsolidated entities222 441 Equity in income of unconsolidated entities888 222 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(32)(49)Income tax expense(153)(32)
Net (loss) income(6,079)25,550 
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests:  
Income (loss) from continuing operationsIncome (loss) from continuing operations31,251 (6,894)
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operations29,573 815 
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)60,824 (6,079)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests:Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests:  
Common units in COPLPCommon units in COPLP85 (287)Common units in COPLP(856)85 
Preferred units in COPLP(77)
Other consolidated entitiesOther consolidated entities(675)(1,132)Other consolidated entities(649)(675)
Net (loss) income attributable to COPT common shareholders$(6,669)$24,054 
Net income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholdersNet income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholders$59,319 $(6,669)
Earnings per common share: (1)  
Net (loss) income attributable to COPT common shareholders - basic$(0.06)$0.21 
Net (loss) income attributable to COPT common shareholders - diluted$(0.06)$0.21 
Basic earnings per common share: (1)Basic earnings per common share: (1)  
Income (loss) from continuing operationsIncome (loss) from continuing operations$0.27 $(0.07)
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operations0.26 0.01 
Net income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholdersNet income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholders$0.53 $(0.06)
Diluted earnings per common share: (1)Diluted earnings per common share: (1)
Income (loss) from continuing operationsIncome (loss) from continuing operations$0.27 $(0.07)
Discontinued operationsDiscontinued operations0.25 0.01 
Net income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholdersNet income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholders$0.52 $(0.06)
(1) Basic and diluted earnings per common share are calculated based on amounts attributable to common shareholders of Corporate Office Properties Trust.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
4


Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20212020
Net (loss) income$(6,079)$25,550 
Other comprehensive income (loss):  
Unrealized income (loss) on interest rate derivatives784 (37,705)
Reclassification adjustments on interest rate derivatives recognized in interest expense1,175 131 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)1,959 (37,574)
Comprehensive loss(4,120)(12,024)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(783)(679)
Comprehensive loss attributable to COPT$(4,903)$(12,703)
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
Net income (loss)$60,824 $(6,079)
Other comprehensive income:  
Unrealized income on interest rate derivatives2,537 784 
Reclassification adjustments on interest rate derivatives recognized in interest expense1,003 1,175 
Total other comprehensive income3,540 1,959 
Comprehensive income (loss)64,364 (4,120)
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(1,822)(783)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to COPT$62,542 $(4,903)
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


5


Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Equity
(Dollars in thousands)
(unaudited)
Common
Shares
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Cumulative
Distributions in
Excess of Net
Income
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Balance at December 31, 2019 (112,068,705 common shares outstanding)$1,121 $2,481,558 $(778,275)$(25,444)$40,285 $1,719,245 
Cumulative effect of accounting change for adoption of credit loss guidance— — (5,541)— — (5,541)
Balance at December 31, 2019, as adjusted1,121 2,481,558 (783,816)(25,444)40,285 1,713,704 
Conversion of common units to common shares (12,009 shares)— 182 — — (182)
Share-based compensation (88,749 shares issued, net of redemptions)983 — — 226 1,210 
Redemption of vested equity awards— (1,492)— — — (1,492)
Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLP— (453)— — 453 
Comprehensive loss— — 24,054 (36,757)(279)(12,982)
Dividends— — (30,838)— — (30,838)
Distributions to owners of common and preferred units in COPLP— — — — (420)(420)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities— — — — 112 112 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities— — — — (7)(7)
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interests— (4,101)— — — (4,101)
Balance at March 31, 2020 (112,169,463 common shares outstanding)$1,122 $2,476,677 $(790,600)$(62,201)$40,188 $1,665,186 
Common
Shares
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
Cumulative
Distributions in
Excess of Net
Income
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Noncontrolling
Interests
Total
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Balance at December 31, 2020 (112,181,759 common shares outstanding)Balance at December 31, 2020 (112,181,759 common shares outstanding)$1,122 $2,478,906 $(809,836)$(9,157)$32,677 $1,693,712 Balance at December 31, 2020 (112,181,759 common shares outstanding)$1,122 $2,478,906 $(809,836)$(9,157)$32,677 $1,693,712 
Conversion of common units to common shares (8,054 shares)Conversion of common units to common shares (8,054 shares)— 121 — — (121)Conversion of common units to common shares (8,054 shares)— 121 — — (121)— 
Share-based compensation (137,421 shares issued, net of redemptions)Share-based compensation (137,421 shares issued, net of redemptions)1,097 — — 917 2,015 Share-based compensation (137,421 shares issued, net of redemptions)1,097 — — 917 2,015 
Redemption of vested equity awardsRedemption of vested equity awards— (2,290)— — — (2,290)Redemption of vested equity awards— (2,290)— — — (2,290)
Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLPAdjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLP— (545)— — 545 Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLP— (545)— — 545 — 
Comprehensive lossComprehensive loss— — (6,669)1,766 371 (4,532)Comprehensive loss— — (6,669)1,766 371 (4,532)
DividendsDividends— — (30,902)— — (30,902)Dividends— — (30,902)— — (30,902)
Distributions to owners of common units in COPLPDistributions to owners of common units in COPLP— — — — (398)(398)Distributions to owners of common units in COPLP— — — — (398)(398)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entitiesDistributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities— — — — (7)(7)Distributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities— — — — (7)(7)
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interestsAdjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interests— (482)— — — (482)Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interests— (482)— — — (482)
OtherOther— — — — (324)(324)Other— — — — (324)(324)
Balance at March 31, 2021 (112,327,234 common shares outstanding)Balance at March 31, 2021 (112,327,234 common shares outstanding)$1,123 $2,476,807 $(847,407)$(7,391)$33,660 $1,656,792 Balance at March 31, 2021 (112,327,234 common shares outstanding)$1,123 $2,476,807 $(847,407)$(7,391)$33,660 $1,656,792 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Balance at December 31, 2021 (112,327,533 common shares outstanding)Balance at December 31, 2021 (112,327,533 common shares outstanding)$1,123 $2,481,539 $(856,863)$(3,059)$34,335 $1,657,075 
Redemption of common unitsRedemption of common units— — — — (212)(212)
Share-based compensation (91,278 shares issued, net of redemptions)Share-based compensation (91,278 shares issued, net of redemptions)1,014 — — 1,286 2,301 
Redemption of vested equity awardsRedemption of vested equity awards— (1,059)— — — (1,059)
Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLPAdjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in ownership of COPLP— (2,414)— — 2,414 — 
Comprehensive incomeComprehensive income— — 59,319 3,223 1,255 63,797 
DividendsDividends— — (30,929)— — (30,929)
Distributions to owners of common units in COPLPDistributions to owners of common units in COPLP— — — — (469)(469)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entitiesDistributions to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities— — — — (7)(7)
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interestsAdjustment to arrive at fair value of redeemable noncontrolling interests— 39 — — — 39 
Balance at March 31, 2022 (112,418,811 common shares outstanding)Balance at March 31, 2022 (112,418,811 common shares outstanding)$1,124 $2,479,119 $(828,473)$164 $38,602 $1,690,536 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
6


Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
(unaudited) 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
Cash flows from operating activitiesCash flows from operating activities  Cash flows from operating activities  
Revenues from real estate operations receivedRevenues from real estate operations received$133,234 $133,092 Revenues from real estate operations received$133,550 $133,234 
Construction contract and other service revenues receivedConstruction contract and other service revenues received22,046 24,925 Construction contract and other service revenues received49,436 22,046 
Property operating expenses paidProperty operating expenses paid(51,718)(46,330)Property operating expenses paid(56,132)(51,718)
Construction contract and other service expenses paidConstruction contract and other service expenses paid(19,897)(17,631)Construction contract and other service expenses paid(47,380)(19,897)
General, administrative, leasing, business development and land carry costs paidGeneral, administrative, leasing, business development and land carry costs paid(10,806)(12,371)General, administrative, leasing, business development and land carry costs paid(13,196)(10,806)
Interest expense paidInterest expense paid(24,510)(16,767)Interest expense paid(9,949)(24,510)
Lease incentives paidLease incentives paid(5,963)(3,628)Lease incentives paid(5,677)(5,963)
Sales-type lease costs paid(2,028)
OtherOther314 928 Other2,059 (1,714)
Net cash provided by operating activitiesNet cash provided by operating activities40,672 62,218 Net cash provided by operating activities52,711 40,672 
Cash flows from investing activitiesCash flows from investing activities  Cash flows from investing activities  
Development and redevelopment of propertiesDevelopment and redevelopment of properties(57,427)(92,802)Development and redevelopment of properties(91,783)(57,427)
Tenant improvements on operating propertiesTenant improvements on operating properties(4,173)(10,446)Tenant improvements on operating properties(7,989)(4,173)
Other capital improvements on operating propertiesOther capital improvements on operating properties(5,955)(5,457)Other capital improvements on operating properties(14,529)(5,955)
Proceeds from sale of propertiesProceeds from sale of properties220,814 — 
Leasing costs paidLeasing costs paid(4,628)(5,950)Leasing costs paid(2,103)(4,628)
OtherOther(631)192 Other(190)(631)
Net cash used in investing activities(72,814)(114,463)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activitiesNet cash provided by (used in) investing activities104,220 (72,814)
Cash flows from financing activitiesCash flows from financing activities  Cash flows from financing activities  
Proceeds from debtProceeds from debtProceeds from debt
Revolving Credit FacilityRevolving Credit Facility73,000 251,000 Revolving Credit Facility244,000 73,000 
Unsecured senior notesUnsecured senior notes589,818 Unsecured senior notes— 589,818 
Other debt proceedsOther debt proceeds3,620 181,595 Other debt proceeds— 3,620 
Repayments of debtRepayments of debtRepayments of debt
Revolving Credit FacilityRevolving Credit Facility(216,000)(186,000)Revolving Credit Facility(160,000)(216,000)
Unsecured senior notesUnsecured senior notes(330,039)Unsecured senior notes— (330,039)
Scheduled principal amortizationScheduled principal amortization(962)(1,021)Scheduled principal amortization(774)(962)
Other debt repaymentsOther debt repayments(200,000)— 
Deferred financing costs paid(1,440)(1,261)
Payments in connection with early extinguishment of debtPayments in connection with early extinguishment of debt(31,565)Payments in connection with early extinguishment of debt(6)(31,565)
Common share dividends paidCommon share dividends paid(30,862)(30,817)Common share dividends paid(30,904)(30,862)
Distributions paid to redeemable noncontrolling interests(635)(11,870)
Redemption of vested equity awards(2,290)(1,492)
OtherOther(2,256)(3,132)Other(2,719)(6,621)
Net cash provided by financing activities50,389 197,002 
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activitiesNet cash (used in) provided by financing activities(150,403)50,389 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cashNet increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash18,247 144,757 Net increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash6,528 18,247 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cashCash and cash equivalents and restricted cash  Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash  
Beginning of periodBeginning of period22,033 18,130 Beginning of period17,316 22,033 
End of periodEnd of period$40,280 $162,887 End of period$23,844 $40,280 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
 

7


Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities:  
Net (loss) income$(6,079)$25,550 
Reconciliation of net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:Reconciliation of net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:  
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$60,824 $(6,079)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:  Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:  
Depreciation and other amortizationDepreciation and other amortization37,876 33,015 Depreciation and other amortization34,871 37,876 
Amortization of deferred financing costs and net debt discountsAmortization of deferred financing costs and net debt discounts1,335 961 Amortization of deferred financing costs and net debt discounts1,202 1,335 
Increase in deferred rent receivableIncrease in deferred rent receivable(5,671)(2,230)Increase in deferred rent receivable(5,822)(5,671)
Gain on sales of real estateGain on sales of real estate(28,579)490 
Share-based compensationShare-based compensation1,904 1,389 Share-based compensation2,111 1,904 
Loss on early extinguishment of debtLoss on early extinguishment of debt33,166 Loss on early extinguishment of debt342 33,166 
OtherOther(1,452)(52)Other(1,363)(2,217)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable(2,983)4,547 
Increase in accounts receivableIncrease in accounts receivable(1,994)(2,983)
Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, netDecrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, net6,609 15,548 Decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, net1,585 6,609 
Decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilitiesDecrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities(21,530)(16,213)Decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities(7,286)(21,255)
Decrease in rents received in advance and security depositsDecrease in rents received in advance and security deposits(2,503)(297)Decrease in rents received in advance and security deposits(3,180)(2,503)
Net cash provided by operating activitiesNet cash provided by operating activities$40,672 $62,218 Net cash provided by operating activities$52,711 $40,672 
Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash:Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash:Reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash:
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of periodCash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$18,369 $14,733 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$13,262 $18,369 
Restricted cash at beginning of periodRestricted cash at beginning of period3,664 3,397 Restricted cash at beginning of period4,054 3,664 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of periodCash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period$22,033 $18,130 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period$17,316 $22,033 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of periodCash and cash equivalents at end of period$36,139 $159,061 Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$19,347 $36,139 
Restricted cash at end of periodRestricted cash at end of period4,141 3,826 Restricted cash at end of period4,497 4,141 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of periodCash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$40,280 $162,887 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period$23,844 $40,280 
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:  Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:  
Decrease in accrued capital improvements, leasing and other investing activity costsDecrease in accrued capital improvements, leasing and other investing activity costs$(20,454)$(4,795)Decrease in accrued capital improvements, leasing and other investing activity costs$(33,733)$(20,454)
Recognition of operating right-of-use assets and related lease liabilitiesRecognition of operating right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities$328 $Recognition of operating right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities$683 $328 
Increase (decrease) in fair value of derivatives applied to accumulated other comprehensive loss and noncontrolling interests$1,959 $(37,573)
Increase in fair value of derivatives applied to accumulated other comprehensive loss and noncontrolling interestsIncrease in fair value of derivatives applied to accumulated other comprehensive loss and noncontrolling interests$3,478 $1,959 
Dividends/distributions payableDividends/distributions payable$31,305 $31,301 Dividends/distributions payable$31,402 $31,305 
Decrease in noncontrolling interests and increase in shareholders’ equity in connection with the conversion of common units into common sharesDecrease in noncontrolling interests and increase in shareholders’ equity in connection with the conversion of common units into common shares$121 $182 Decrease in noncontrolling interests and increase in shareholders’ equity in connection with the conversion of common units into common shares$— $121 
Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in COPLP ownershipAdjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in COPLP ownership$545 $453 Adjustments to noncontrolling interests resulting from changes in COPLP ownership$2,414 $545 
Increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests and decrease in equity to carry redeemable noncontrolling interests at fair value$482 $4,101 
(Decrease) increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests and (increase) decrease in equity to carry redeemable noncontrolling interests at fair value(Decrease) increase in redeemable noncontrolling interests and (increase) decrease in equity to carry redeemable noncontrolling interests at fair value$(39)$482 
 
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

8


Corporate Office Properties Trust and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(unaudited)
 
1.    Organization
 
Corporate Office Properties Trust (“COPT”) and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”, “we” or “us”) is a fully-integrated and self-managed real estate investment trust (“REIT”). We own, manage, lease, develop and selectively acquire office and data center properties. The majority of our portfolio is in locations that support the United States Government (“USG”) and its contractors, most of whom are engaged in national security, defense and information technology (“IT”) related activities servicing what we believe are growing, durable, priority missions (“Defense/IT Locations”). We also own a portfolio of office properties located in select urban/urban-like submarkets in the Greater Washington, DC/Baltimore region with durable Class-A office fundamentals and characteristics (“Regional Office”). As of March 31, 2021,2022, our properties included the following:

182188 properties totaling 21.022.0 million square feet comprised of 16.317.0 million square feet in 156161 office properties and 4.75.0 million square feet in 2627 single-tenant data center shell properties (“data center shells”).shells. We owned 1719 of these data center shells through unconsolidated real estate joint ventures;
a wholesale data center with a critical load of 19.25 megawatts;
1011 properties under development (8 office properties and 23 data center shells), including 32 partially-operational properties, that we estimate will total approximately 1.41.7 million square feet upon completion; and
approximately 820710 acres of land controlled for future development that we believe could be developed into approximately 10.48.7 million square feet and 43 acres of other land.
 
We conduct almost all of our operations and own almost all of our assets through our operating partnership, Corporate Office Properties, L.P. (“COPLP”) and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Operating Partnership”), of which COPT is the sole general partner. COPLP owns real estate directly and through subsidiary partnerships and limited liability companies (“LLCs”).  In addition to owning real estate, COPLP also owns subsidiaries that provide real estate services such as property management, development and construction services primarily for our properties but also for third parties. Some of these services are performed by a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”).

Equity interests in COPLP are in the form of common and preferred units. As of March 31, 2021,2022, COPT owned 98.3%98.0% of the outstanding COPLP common units (“common units”) and there were 0no preferred units outstanding. Common units not owned by COPT carry certain redemption rights. The number of common units owned by COPT is equivalent to the number of outstanding common shares of beneficial interest (“common shares”) of COPT, and the entitlement of common units to quarterly distributions and payments in liquidation is substantially the same as that of COPT common shareholders.

COPT’s common shares are publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) under the ticker symbol “OFC”.
  
2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Basis of Presentation
 
TheThese consolidated financial statements include the accounts of COPT, the Operating Partnership, their subsidiaries and other entities in which COPT has a majority voting interest and control.  We also consolidate certain entities when control of such entities can be achieved through means other than voting rights (“variable interest entities” or “VIEs”) if we are deemed to be the primary beneficiary of such entities.  We eliminate all intercompany balances and transactions in consolidation.

We use the equity method of accounting when we own an interest in an entity and can exert significant influence over but cannot control the entity’s operations. We discontinue equity method accounting if our investment in an entity (and net advances) is reduced to zero unless we have guaranteed obligations of the entity or are otherwise committed to provide further financial support for the entity.
 
When we own an equity investment in an entity and cannot exert significant influence over its operations, we measure the investment at fair value, with changes recognized through net income. For an investment without a readily determinable fair value, we measure the investment at cost, less any impairments, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer.

These interim financial statements should be read together with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto as
9


of and for the year ended December 31, 20202021 included in the Company’s and Operating Partnership’s 2020our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The unaudited consolidated financial statements include all adjustments that are necessary, in the opinion of management, to fairly state our financial position and results of operations.  All adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.  The consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the accounting policies described in the Company’s and Operating Partnership’s 2020our 2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K as updated for our adoption of recent accounting pronouncements discussed below.

9
Reclassification


Reclassifications

We reclassified certain amounts from the prior periodperiods to conform to the current period presentation of our consolidated financial statements with no effect on previously reported net income or equity.equity, including amounts reclassified in conjunction with the transfer of a wholesale data center to discontinued operations in the fourth quarter of 2021. We provide disclosure regarding our discontinued operations in Note 4.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued guidance containing practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities pertaining to debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. The guidance is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. In 2020, we elected to apply an expedient to treat any changes in loans resulting from reference rate reform as debt modifications (as opposed to extinguishments) and hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives. Application of the hedge accounting expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. We will continue to evaluate the impact of this guidance and may apply other elections as applicable as additional changes in the market occur.

3.Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

We have a non-qualified elective deferred compensation plan for Trustees and certain members of our management team that, prior to December 31, 2019, permitted participants to defer up to 100% of their compensation on a pre-tax basis and receive a tax-deferred return on such deferrals. We froze additional entry into the plan effectiveEffective December 31, 2019.2019, no new investments of deferred compensation were eligible for the plan.  The assets held in the plan (comprised primarily of mutual funds and equity securities) and the corresponding liability to the participants are measured at fair value on a recurring basis on our consolidated balance sheets using quoted market prices, as are other marketable securities that we hold. The balance of the plan, which was fully funded and totaled $3.0$2.3 million as of March 31, 2021,2022, is included in the line entitled “prepaid expenses and other assets, net” on our consolidated balance sheets along with an insignificant amount of other marketable securities. The offsetting liability associated with the plan is adjusted to fair value at the end of each accounting period based on the fair value of the plan assets and reported in “other liabilities” on our consolidated balance sheets. The assets of the plan are classified in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy, while the offsetting liability is classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The fair values of our interest rate derivatives are determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including a discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate market data and implied volatilities in such interest rates. While we determined that the majority of the inputs used to value our derivatives fall within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the credit valuation adjustments associated with our interest rate derivatives utilize Level 3 inputs, such as estimates of current credit spreads to evaluate the likelihood of default. However, as of March 31, 2021,2022, we assessed the significance of the impact of the credit valuation adjustments on the overall valuation of our derivatives and determined that these adjustments arewere not significant. As a result, we determined that our interest rate derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, other assets (excluding investing receivables) and accounts payable and accrued expenses are reasonable estimates of their fair values because of the short maturities of these instruments.  The fair values of our investing receivables, as disclosed in Note 7, were based on the discounted estimated future cash flows of the loans (categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy); the discount rates used approximate current market rates for loans with similar maturities and credit quality, and the estimated cash payments include scheduled principal and interest payments.  For our disclosure of debt fair values in Note 9, we estimated the fair value of our unsecured senior notes based on quoted market rates for publicly-traded debtour senior notes (categorized within Level 21 of the fair value hierarchy) and estimated the fair value of our other debt based on the discounted estimated future cash payments to be made on such debt (categorized within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy); the discount rates used approximate current market rates for loans, or groups of loans, with similar maturities and credit quality, and the estimated future payments include scheduled
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principal and interest payments.  Fair value estimates are made as of a specific point in time, are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment. 

For additional fair value information, refer to Note 7 for investing receivables, Note 9 for debt and Note 10 for interest rate derivatives. 

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The table below sets forth our financial assets and liabilities accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 20212022 and the hierarchy level of inputs used in measuring their respective fair values under applicable accounting standards (in thousands):
DescriptionQuoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
Assets:    
Marketable securities in deferred compensation plan (1)    
Mutual funds$3,005 $$$3,005 
Other14 14 
Other marketable securities (1)31 31 
Interest rate derivatives (1)77 77 
Total assets$3,050 $77 $$3,127 
Liabilities:    
Deferred compensation plan liability (2)$$3,019 $$3,019 
Interest rate derivatives7,640 7,640 
Total liabilities$$10,659 $$10,659 

DescriptionQuoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets (Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable 
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total
Assets:    
Marketable securities in deferred compensation plan (1)    
Mutual funds$2,263 $— $— $2,263 
Other59 — — 59 
Other marketable securities (1)33 — — 33 
Interest rate derivatives (1)— 1,538 — 1,538 
Total assets$2,355 $1,538 $— $3,893 
Liabilities:    
Deferred compensation plan liability (2)$— $2,322 $— $2,322 
Interest rate derivatives (2)— 665 — 665 
Total liabilities$— $2,987 $— $2,987 
(1)Included in the line entitled “prepaid expenses and other assets, net” on our consolidated balance sheet.
(2)Included in the line entitled “other liabilities” on our consolidated balance sheet.

4.Properties, Net
 
Operating properties, net consisted of the following (in thousands): 
March 31,
2021
December 31, 2020March 31,
2022
December 31, 2021
LandLand$528,166 $528,269 Land$584,878 $572,900 
Buildings and improvementsBuildings and improvements3,735,591 3,711,264 Buildings and improvements3,765,625 3,670,133 
Less: Accumulated depreciationLess: Accumulated depreciation(1,157,059)(1,124,253)Less: Accumulated depreciation(1,182,652)(1,152,523)
Operating properties, netOperating properties, net$3,106,698 $3,115,280 Operating properties, net$3,167,851 $3,090,510 

2022 Dispositions and Discontinued Operations

On January 25, 2022, we sold 9651 Hornbaker Road in Manassas, Virginia, our sole wholesale data center investment, for $222.5 million, resulting in a gain on sale of $28.6 million. This property, a separate reportable segment, is reported herein as discontinued operations. The table below sets forth the components of the property’s assets classified as held for sale on our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2021 (in thousands):

Properties, net$191,857 
Deferred rent receivable462 
Intangible assets on property acquisitions, net73 
Deferred leasing costs, net307 
Assets held for sale, net$192,699 

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The table below sets forth the property’s results of operations included in discontinued operations on our consolidated statements of operations and its operating and investing cash flows included on our consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
 (in thousands)
Revenues from real estate operations$1,980 $7,334 
Property operating expenses(971)(3,698)
Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations— (2,821)
Gain on sale of real estate28,564 — 
Discontinued operations29,573 815 
Cash flows from operating activities$4,463 $4,387 
Cash flows from investing activities$220,569 $(297)

2022 Development Activities

During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, we placed into service 46,000283,000 square feet in 12 newly-developed property.properties. As of March 31, 2021,2022, we had 1011 properties under development, including 32 partially-operational properties, that we estimate will total 1.41.7 million square feet upon completion.

5.    Leases

Lessor Arrangements

We lease real estate properties, comprised primarily of office properties and data center shells, to third parties. These leases encompass all, or a portion, of properties, with various expiration dates. Our lease revenue is comprised of: fixed lease revenue, including contractual rent billings under leases recognized on a straight-line basis over lease terms and amortization of lease incentives and above- and below- market lease intangibles; and variable lease revenue, including tenant expense
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recoveries, lease termination revenue and other revenue from tenants that is not fixed under the lease.leases. The table below sets forth our composition of lease revenue recognized between fixed and variable lease revenue (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
Lease revenue(1)Lease revenue(1)20212020Lease revenue(1)20222021
FixedFixed$112,425 $104,109 Fixed$111,167 $106,935 
VariableVariable32,199 26,903 Variable30,222 30,355 
$144,624 $131,012 $141,389 $137,290 
(1)Excludes lease revenue from discontinued operations of which $1.5 million and $5.5 million was fixed and $527,000 and $1.8 million was variable for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Fixed contractual payments due under our property leases were as follows (in thousands):

As of March 31, 2021
Year Ending December 31,Operating leasesSales-type leases
2021 (1)$316,963 $662 
2022382,423 960 
2023328,713 960 
2024280,360 960 
2025201,594 960 
Thereafter752,774 4,516 
Total contractual payments$2,262,827 9,018 
Less: Amount representing interest(2,511)
Net investment in sales-type leases$6,507 

As of March 31, 2022
Year Ending December 31,Operating leasesSales-type leases
2022 (1)$329,371 $720 
2023412,129 960 
2024363,829 960 
2025276,356 960 
2026212,571 960 
Thereafter1,032,507 3,556 
Total contractual payments$2,626,763 8,116 
Less: Amount representing interest(2,051)
Net investment in sales-type leases$6,065 
(1)Represents the nine months ending December 31, 2021.2022.

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Lessee Arrangements

As of March 31, 2021,2022, our balance sheet included $79.9$40.8 million in right-of-use assets associated primarily with land leased from third parties underlying certain properties that we are operating or developing, with various expiration dates. Our property right-of-use assets consisted of the following (in thousands):
LeasesLeasesBalance Sheet LocationMarch 31, 2021December 31, 2020LeasesBalance Sheet LocationMarch 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Right-of-use assetsRight-of-use assetsRight-of-use assets
Operating leases - PropertyOperating leases - PropertyProperty - operating right-of-use assets$39,810 $40,570 Operating leases - PropertyProperty - operating right-of-use assets$38,566 $38,361 
Finance leases - PropertyFinance leases - PropertyProperty - finance right-of-use assets40,091 40,425 Finance leases - PropertyPrepaid expenses and other assets, net2,230 2,238 
Total right-of-use assetsTotal right-of-use assets$79,901 $80,995 Total right-of-use assets$40,796 $40,599 

PropertyOur property lease liabilities reported on our consolidated balance sheets consisted of the following (in thousands):
LeasesLeasesBalance Sheet LocationMarch 31, 2021December 31, 2020LeasesBalance Sheet LocationMarch 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Lease liabilitiesLease liabilitiesLease liabilities
Operating leases - PropertyOperating leases - PropertyProperty - operating lease liabilities$30,176 $30,746 Operating leases - PropertyProperty - operating lease liabilities$29,729 $29,342 
Finance leases - PropertyOther liabilities28 28 
Total lease liabilities$30,204 $30,774 

The table below sets forth the weighted average terms and discount rates of our property leases asAs of March 31, 2021:
Weighted average remaining lease term
Operating leases50 years
Finance leases< 1 year
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases7.16 %
Finance leases3.62 %

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2022, our operating leases had a weighted average remaining lease term of 52 years and a weighted average discount rate of 7.19%. The table below presents our total property lease cost (in thousands):
Statement of Operations LocationFor the Three Months Ended March 31,Statement of Operations LocationFor the Three Months Ended March 31,
Lease costLease cost20212020Statement of Operations Location20222021
Operating lease costOperating lease costOperating lease cost
Property leases - fixedProperty leases - fixedProperty operating expenses$973 $427 Property leases - fixedProperty operating expenses$1,019 $973 
Property leases - variableProperty leases - variableProperty operating expenses10 Property leases - variableProperty operating expenses16 10 
Finance lease costFinance lease costFinance lease cost
Amortization of property right-of-use assetsAmortization of property right-of-use assetsProperty operating expensesAmortization of property right-of-use assetsProperty operating expenses
$992 $440 $1,043 $992 

The table below presents the effect of property lease payments on our consolidated statements of cash flows (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
Supplemental cash flow informationSupplemental cash flow information20212020Supplemental cash flow information20222021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leasesOperating cash flows for operating leases$782 $311 Operating cash flows for operating leases$837 $782 

Payments on property operating leases were due as follows (in thousands):
As of March 31, 2021
Year Ending December 31, Operating leasesFinance leasesTotal
2021 (1)$2,408 $14 $2,422 
20223,297 14 3,311 
20233,352 3,352 
20243,403 3,403 
20251,749 1,749 
Thereafter123,979 123,979 
Total lease payments138,188 28 138,216 
Less: Amount representing interest(108,012)(108,012)
Lease liability$30,176 $28 $30,204 

Year Ending December 31,March 31, 2022
2022 (1)$2,518 
20233,399 
20243,451 
20251,797 
20261,578 
Thereafter125,934 
Total lease payments138,677 
Less: Amount representing interest(108,948)
Lease liability$29,729 
(1)Represents the nine months ending December 31, 2021.2022.

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6.Real Estate Joint Ventures

Consolidated Real Estate Joint Ventures

The table below sets forth information pertaining to our investments in consolidated real estate joint ventures as of March 31, 20212022 (dollars in thousands):
  March 31, 2021 (1)  Nominal Ownership % March 31, 2022 (1)
Date AcquiredNominal Ownership %Total
Assets
Encumbered AssetsTotal LiabilitiesDate AcquiredTotal
Assets
Encumbered AssetsTotal Liabilities
EntityEntityLocationEntityNominal Ownership %Location
LW Redstone Company, LLC (2)LW Redstone Company, LLC (2)3/23/201085%Huntsville, Alabama$418,577 $91,802 $89,723 LW Redstone Company, LLC (2)3/23/201085%Huntsville, Alabama$512,373 $88,832 $95,225 
Stevens Investors, LLC(3)Stevens Investors, LLC(3)8/11/201595%Washington, DC161,585 160,137 87,305 Stevens Investors, LLC(3)8/11/201595%Washington, DC167,047 — 875 
M Square Associates, LLCM Square Associates, LLC6/26/200750%College Park, Maryland101,511 61,909 53,653 M Square Associates, LLC6/26/200750%College Park, Maryland103,368 60,202 52,730 
 $681,673 $313,848 $230,681  $782,788 $149,034 $148,830 
(1)Excludes amounts eliminated in consolidation.
(2)While netWe fund all capital requirements. Our partner generally receives distributions of the first $1.2 million of annual operating cash flow distributionsflows and we receive the remainder.
(3)As of March 31, 2022, we also had a $112.0 million construction loan to the partners vary dependingjoint venture, which is eliminated in consolidation, that carries an interest rate of LIBOR plus 2.35% and had a balance of $94.5 million; the loan matures on August 11, 2024, and we have priority for repayment in full of borrowings and accrued interest on the sourceloan over partner distributions of the funds distributed,any future refinancing proceeds or other available cash flows are generally distributed as follows: (1) cumulative preferred returns of 13.5% on our partner’s $9.0 million in invested capital; (2) cumulative preferred returns of 13.5% on our invested capital; (3) return of our invested capital; (4) return of our partner’s invested capital; and (5) any remaining residual 85% to us and 15% to our partner.flows.

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Unconsolidated Real Estate Joint Ventures

The table below sets forth information pertaining to our investments in unconsolidated real estate joint ventures accounted for using the equity method of accounting (dollars in thousands):
Date AcquiredNominal Ownership %Number of PropertiesCarrying Value of Investment (1)Date AcquiredNominal Ownership %Number of PropertiesCarrying Value of Investment (1)
EntityEntityMarch 31, 2021December 31, 2020EntityMarch 31, 2022December 31, 2021
B RE COPT DC JV II LLC (2)B RE COPT DC JV II LLC (2)10/30/202010%$15,840 $15,988 B RE COPT DC JV II LLC (2)10/30/202010%$15,440 $15,579 
BREIT COPT DC JV LLCBREIT COPT DC JV LLC6/20/201910%13,094 13,315 BREIT COPT DC JV LLC6/20/201910%12,190 12,460 
B RE COPT DC JV III LLCB RE COPT DC JV III LLC6/2/202110%11,810 11,850 
 17 $28,934 $29,303  19 $39,440 $39,889 
(1)Included in the line entitled “investment in unconsolidated real estate joint ventures” on our consolidated balance sheets.
(2)Our investment in B RE COPT DC JV II LLC was lower than our share of the joint venture’s equity by $7.4$7.2 million as of both March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 20202021 due to a difference between our cost basis and our share of the joint venture’s underlying equity in its net assets. We recognize adjustments to our share of the joint venture’s earnings and losses resulting from this basis difference in the underlying assets of the joint venture.

7.    Investing Receivables
 
Investing receivables consisted of the following (in thousands): 
March 31,
2021
December 31, 2020March 31,
2022
December 31, 2021
Notes receivable from the City of HuntsvilleNotes receivable from the City of Huntsville$67,870 $65,564 Notes receivable from the City of Huntsville$79,053 $77,784 
Other investing loans receivableOther investing loans receivable6,041 6,041 Other investing loans receivable5,040 6,041 
Amortized cost basisAmortized cost basis73,911 71,605 Amortized cost basis84,093 83,825 
Allowance for credit lossesAllowance for credit losses(2,080)(2,851)Allowance for credit losses(1,676)(1,599)
Investing receivables, netInvesting receivables, net$71,831 $68,754 Investing receivables, net$82,417 $82,226 
 
The balances above include accrued interest receivable, net of allowance for credit losses, of $601,000$386,000 as of March 31, 20212022 and $4.8$5.3 million as of December 31, 2020.2021.

Our notes receivable from the City of Huntsville funded infrastructure costs in connection with our LW Redstone Company, LLC joint venture (see Note 6) and carry an interest rate of 9.95%. Our other investing loans receivable carry an interest rate of 8.0%.

The fair value of these receivables was approximately $75$85 million as of March 31, 20212022 and $73$84 million as of December 31, 2020.2021.

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8.    Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets, Net
 
Prepaid expenses and other assets, net consisted of the following (in thousands): 
March 31,
2021
December 31, 2020March 31,
2022
December 31, 2021
Lease incentives, net$35,100 $35,642 
Construction contract costs in excess of billings, netConstruction contract costs in excess of billings, net13,046 10,343 Construction contract costs in excess of billings, net$29,389 $22,384 
Prepaid expensesPrepaid expenses10,873 19,690 Prepaid expenses11,213 20,058 
Furniture, fixtures and equipment, netFurniture, fixtures and equipment, net10,461 10,433 Furniture, fixtures and equipment, net9,214 9,599 
DepositsDeposits6,793 3,910 
Non-real estate equity investmentsNon-real estate equity investments6,109 5,544 
Net investment in sales-type leasesNet investment in sales-type leases6,507 6,573 Net investment in sales-type leases6,065 6,194 
Non-real estate equity investments5,530 5,509 
Restricted cashRestricted cash4,141 3,664 Restricted cash4,497 4,054 
Marketable securities in deferred compensation planMarketable securities in deferred compensation plan3,019 3,027 Marketable securities in deferred compensation plan2,322 2,556 
Deferred financing costs, net (1)2,158 2,439 
Property - finance right-of-use assetsProperty - finance right-of-use assets2,230 2,238 
Deferred tax asset, net (2)(1)Deferred tax asset, net (2)(1)1,957 1,989 Deferred tax asset, net (2)(1)1,688 1,841 
Deferred financing costs, net (2)Deferred financing costs, net (2)1,024 1,314 
Other assetsOther assets6,488 5,274 Other assets2,724 1,798 
Prepaid expenses and other assets, netPrepaid expenses and other assets, net$99,280 $104,583 Prepaid expenses and other assets, net$83,268 $81,490 

(1)
Includes a valuation allowance of $24,000 as of both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021.
(1)(2)Represents deferred costs, net of accumulated amortization, attributable to our Revolving Credit Facility and interest rate derivatives.
(2)Includes a valuation allowance of $51,000 as of March 31, 2021 and $201,000 as of December 31, 2020.

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9.    Debt, Net
 
Our debt consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
 Carrying Value (1) as of
 March 31,
2021
December 31, 2020March 31, 2021
 Stated Interest RatesScheduled Maturity
Mortgage and Other Secured Debt:    
Fixed rate mortgage debt (2)$139,099 $139,991 3.82% - 4.62% (3)2023-2026
Variable rate secured debt (4)119,497 115,119 LIBOR + 1.45% to 2.35% (5)2022-2026
Total mortgage and other secured debt258,596 255,110   
Revolving Credit Facility (6)143,000 LIBOR + 0.775% to 1.45%March 2023 (6)
Term Loan Facility398,642 398,447 LIBOR + 1.00% to 1.65% (7)December 2022
Unsecured Senior Notes
3.60%, $350,000 aggregate principal165,105 348,888 3.60% (8)April 2021 (8)
5.25%, $250,000 aggregate principal103,689 248,194 5.25% (9)April 2021 (9)
5.00%, $300,000 aggregate principal298,020 297,915 5.00% (10)July 2025
2.25%, $400,000 aggregate principal394,719 394,464 2.25% (11)March 2026
2.75%, $600,000 aggregate principal588,268 2.75% (12)April 2031
Unsecured note payable864 900 0% (13)May 2026
Total debt, net$2,207,903 $2,086,918   

 Carrying Value (1) as of
 March 31,
2022
December 31, 2021March 31, 2022
 Stated Interest RatesScheduled Maturity
Mortgage and Other Secured Debt:    
Fixed rate mortgage debt$86,331 $86,960 3.82% - 4.62% (2)2023-2026
Variable rate secured debt33,636 33,667 LIBOR + 1.45% to 1.55% (3)2025-2026
Total mortgage and other secured debt119,967 120,627   
Revolving Credit Facility (4)160,000 76,000 LIBOR + 0.775% to 1.45% (5)March 2023 (4)
Term Loan Facility (6)99,855 299,420 LIBOR + 1.00% to 1.65% (7)December 2022
Unsecured Senior Notes
2.25%, $400,000 aggregate principal395,751 395,491 2.25% (8)March 2026
2.00%, $400,000 aggregate principal396,631 396,512 2.00% (9)January 2029
2.75%, $600,000 aggregate principal589,323 589,060 2.75% (10)April 2031
2.90%, $400,000 aggregate principal394,542 394,441 2.90% (11)December 2033
Unsecured note payable715 753 0% (12)May 2026
Total debt, net$2,156,784 $2,272,304   
(1)The carrying values of our debt other than the Revolving Credit Facility reflect net deferred financing costs of $6.7$5.1 million as of March 31, 20212022 and $5.9$5.8 million as of December 31, 2020.2021.
(2)Certain of the fixed rate mortgages carry interest rates that, upon assumption, were above or below market rates and therefore were recorded at their fair value based on applicable effective interest rates. The carrying values of these loans reflect net unamortized premiums totaling $139,000 as of March 31, 2021 and $155,000 as of December 31, 2020.
(3)The weighted average interest rate on our fixed rate mortgage debt was 4.16%4.07% as of March 31, 2021.2022.
(4)Includes a construction loan with $25.0 million in remaining borrowing capacity as of March 31, 2021.
(5)(3)The weighted average interest rate on our variable rate secured debt was 2.24%1.75% as of March 31, 2021.2022.
(6)(4)The facility matures in March 2023, with the ability for us to further extend such maturity by 2 six-month periods at our option, provided that there is no default under the facility and we pay an extension fee of 0.075% of the total availability under the facility for each extension period. In connection with this facility, we also have the ability to borrow up to $500.0 million under new term loans from the facility’s lender group provided that there is no default under the facility and subject to the approval of the lenders.
(5)The weighted average interest rate on the Revolving Credit Facility was 1.38% as of March 31, 2022.
(6)We repaid $200.0 million of this loan during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
(7)The interest rate on this loan was 1.12%1.48% as of March 31, 2021.2022.
(8)The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $331,000$3.4 million as of March 31, 20212022 and $781,000 as of December 31, 2020.  The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 3.70%. Refer to paragraph below for further disclosure.
(9)The carrying value of these notes reflectsan unamortized discount totaling $630,000as of March 31, 2021 and $1.6$3.6 million as of December 31, 2020.  The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 5.49%. Refer to paragraph below for further disclosure.
(10)The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $1.7 millionas of March 31, 2021 and $1.8 million as of December 31, 2020.  The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 5.15%.
(11)The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $4.3 million as of March 31, 2021 and $4.5 million as of December 31, 2020.2021. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 2.48%.
(12)(9)Refer to paragraph below for further disclosure.The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $2.4 million as of March 31, 2022 and $2.5 million as of December 31, 2021. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 2.09%.
(13)(10)The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $9.2 million as of March 31, 2022 and $9.5 million as of December 31, 2021. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 2.94%.
(11)The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $4.5 million as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of the issuance costs, was 3.01%.
(12)This note carries an interest rate that, upon assumption, was below market rates and it therefore was recorded at its fair value based on applicable effective interest rates.  The carrying value of this note reflects an unamortized discount totaling $147,000$96,000 as of March 31, 20212022 and $161,000$108,000 as of December 31, 2020.2021.
 
All debt is owed by the Operating Partnership. While COPT is not directly obligated by any debt, it has guaranteed COPLP’s Revolving Credit Facility, Term Loan Facility and Unsecured Senior Notes.

On March 11, 2021, we issued $600.0 million of 2.75% Senior Notes due 2031 (the “2.75% Notes”) at an initial offering price of 98.95% of their face value. The proceeds from this issuance, after deducting underwriting discounts, but before other offering expenses, were $589.8 million. The notes mature on April 15, 2031. We may redeem the notes, in whole at any time or in part from time to time, at our option, at a redemption price equal to the greater of (1) the aggregate principal amount of the notes being redeemed or (2) the sum of the present values of the remaining scheduled payments of principal and interest thereon (not including any portion of such payments of interest accrued as of the date of redemption) discounted to its present value, on a semi-annual basis at an adjusted treasury rate plus a spread of 25 basis points, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the date of redemption. However, if this redemption occurs on or after three months prior to the maturity date, the redemption price
15


will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to, but not including, the redemption date. These notes are unconditionally guaranteed by COPT. The carrying value of these notes reflects an unamortized discount totaling $10.1 million as of March 31, 2021. The effective interest rate under the notes, including amortization of discount and issuance costs, was 2.94%.

With regard to our 3.60% Senior Notes due 2023 (the “3.60% Notes”) and 5.25% Senior Notes due 2024 (the “5.25% Notes”), we:

effective March 11, 2021, purchased pursuant to tender offers $184.4 million of 3.60% Notes for $196.7 million and $145.6 million of 5.25% Notes for $164.7 million, plus accrued interest. In connection with these purchases, we recognized a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $33.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021; and
on April 12, 2021, redeemed the remaining $165.6 million of 3.60% Notes for $176.3 million and $104.4 million of 5.25% Notes for $117.7 million, plus accrued interest, and recognized an additional loss on early extinguishment of debt of approximately $25 million.

Certain of our debt instruments require that we comply with a number of restrictive financial covenants.  As of March 31, 2021,2022, we were compliant with these financial covenants.
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Our debt matures on the following schedule (in thousands):
Year Ending December 31,March 31, 2022
2022 (1)$102,559 
2023178,953 
202429,983 
202523,717 
2026446,300 
Thereafter1,400,000 
Total$2,181,512 (2)
(1)Represents the nine months ending December 31, 2022.
(2)Represents scheduled principal amortization and maturities only and therefore excludes net discounts and deferred financing costs of $24.7 million.

We capitalized interest costs of $1.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 and $1.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021 and $3.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2020.2021.

The following table sets forth information pertaining to the fair value of our debt (in thousands): 
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020 March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Carrying AmountFair ValueCarrying AmountFair Value Carrying AmountEstimated Fair ValueCarrying AmountEstimated Fair Value
Fixed-rate debtFixed-rate debt    Fixed-rate debt    
Unsecured Senior NotesUnsecured Senior Notes$1,549,801 $1,583,253 $1,289,461 $1,334,342 Unsecured Senior Notes$1,776,247 $1,779,846 $1,775,504 $1,809,950 
Other fixed-rate debtOther fixed-rate debt139,963 141,465 140,891 142,838 Other fixed-rate debt87,046 84,608 87,713 87,339 
Variable-rate debtVariable-rate debt518,139 517,562 656,566 654,102 Variable-rate debt293,491 293,729 409,087 409,639 
$2,207,903 $2,242,280 $2,086,918 $2,131,282  $2,156,784 $2,158,183 $2,272,304 $2,306,928 
 
10.    Interest Rate Derivatives
 
The following table sets forth the key terms and fair values of our interest rate swap derivatives each of which was designated as a cash flow hedge of interest rate risk (dollars in thousands):
     Fair Value at
Notional Amount Fixed RateFloating Rate IndexEffective DateExpiration DateMarch 31,
2021
December 31, 2020
$100,000  1.901%One-Month LIBOR9/1/201612/1/2022$(2,895)$(3,394)
$100,000 1.905%One-Month LIBOR9/1/201612/1/2022(2,901)(3,401)
$50,000 1.908%One-Month LIBOR9/1/201612/1/2022(1,453)(1,704)
$11,200 (1)1.678%One-Month LIBOR8/1/20198/1/2026(391)(733)
$23,000 (2)0.573%One-Month LIBOR4/1/20203/26/202577 (290)
      $(7,563)$(9,522)

     Fair Value at
Notional Amount Fixed RateFloating Rate IndexEffective DateExpiration DateMarch 31,
2022
December 31, 2021
$100,000  1.901%One-Month LIBOR9/1/201612/1/2022$(331)$(1,361)
$100,000 1.905%One-Month LIBOR9/1/201612/1/2022(334)(1,365)
$11,060 (1)1.678%One-Month LIBOR8/1/20198/1/2026307 (234)
$23,000 (2)0.573%One-Month LIBOR4/1/20203/26/20251,231 355 
$50,000 (3)1.908%One-Month LIBOR9/1/2016N/A— (684)
      $873 $(3,289)
(1)The notional amount of this instrument is scheduled to amortize to $10.0 million.
(2)The notional amount of this instrument is scheduled to amortize to $22.1 million.
(3)We cash settled this swap and accrued interest thereon for $625,000 on January 28, 2022.

Each of these swaps was designated as a cash flow hedge of interest rate risk except for the swap with a $50.0 million notional amount for which we discontinued hedge accounting in December 2021.

The table below sets forth the fair value of our interest rate derivatives as well as their classification on our consolidated balance sheets (in thousands):
Fair Value at Fair Value at
DerivativesDerivativesBalance Sheet LocationMarch 31,
2021
December 31, 2020DerivativesBalance Sheet LocationMarch 31,
2022
December 31, 2021
Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedgesInterest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedgesPrepaid expenses and other assets, net$77 $Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedgesPrepaid expenses and other assets, net$1,538 $355 
Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedgesInterest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedgesInterest rate derivatives (liabilities)$(7,640)$(9,522)Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedgesOther liabilities$(665)$(2,960)
Interest rate swap not designatedInterest rate swap not designatedOther liabilities$— $(684)
 
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The tablestable below presents the effect of our interest rate derivatives on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (in thousands):
Amount of Income (Loss) Recognized in AOCL on DerivativesAmount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from AOCL into Interest Expense on Statement of Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,Amount of Income Recognized in AOCL on DerivativesAmount of Loss Reclassified from AOCL into Interest Expense on Statement of Operations
Derivatives in Hedging RelationshipsDerivatives in Hedging Relationships2021202020212020Derivatives in Hedging RelationshipsFor the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
Derivatives in Hedging Relationships2022202120222021
Interest rate derivatives$784 $(37,705)$(1,175)$(131)Interest rate derivatives$2,537 $784 $(1,003)$(1,175)

Based on the fair value of our derivatives as of March 31, 2021,2022, we estimate that approximately $4.7 million$804,000 of losses will be reclassified from AOCL as an increase to interest expense over the next 12 months.

We have agreements with each of our interest rate derivative counterparties that contain provisions under which, if we default or are capable of being declared in default on defined levels of our indebtedness, we could also be declared in default on our derivative obligations. Failure to comply with the loan covenant provisions could result in our being declared in default on any derivative instrument obligations covered by the agreements. As of March 31, 2021,2022, we were not in default with any of these provisions. As of March 31, 2021,2022, the fair value of interest rate derivatives in a liability position related to these agreements was $7.7 million,$665,000, excluding the effects of accrued interest and credit valuation adjustments. As of March 31, 2021,2022, we had not posted any collateral related to these agreements.  If we breach any of these provisions, we could be required to settle our obligations under the agreements at their termination value, which was $8.1 million$952,000 as of March 31, 2021.2022.

11.    Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests

Our partners in 2 real estate joint ventures, LW Redstone Company, LLC and Stevens Investors, LLC, have the right to require us to acquire their respective interests at fair value; accordingly, we classify the fair value of our partners’ interests as redeemable noncontrolling interests in the mezzanine section of our consolidated balance sheets. The table below sets forth the activity for these redeemable noncontrolling interests (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2021202020222021
Beginning balanceBeginning balance$25,430 $29,431 Beginning balance$26,898 $25,430 
Distributions to noncontrolling interestsDistributions to noncontrolling interests(399)(11,578)Distributions to noncontrolling interests(606)(399)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interestsNet income attributable to noncontrolling interests412 958 Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests567 412 
Adjustment to arrive at fair value of interestsAdjustment to arrive at fair value of interests482 4,101 Adjustment to arrive at fair value of interests(39)482 
Ending balanceEnding balance$25,925 $22,912 Ending balance$26,820 $25,925 

We determine the fair value of the interests based on unobservable inputs after considering the assumptions that market participants would make in pricing the interest. We apply a discount rate to the estimated future cash flows allocable to our partners from the properties underlying the respective joint ventures. Estimated cash flows used in such analyses are based on our plans for the properties and our views of market and economic conditions, and consider items such as current and future rental rates, occupancy projections and estimated operating and development expenditures.

12.    Equity
 
Common Shares

As of March 31, 2021,2022, we had remaining capacity under our at-the-market stock offering program equal to an aggregate gross sales price of $300 million in common share sales.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, certain COPLP limited partners converted 8,054 common units in COPLP for an equal number of common shares.

We declared dividends per common share of $0.275 in the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020.2021.

See Note 16 for disclosure of COPT common share and COPLP common unit activity pertaining to our share-based compensation plans.

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13.    Credit Losses, Financial Assets and Other Instruments

The table below sets forth the activity for the allowance for credit losses activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):
Investing ReceivablesTenant Notes
Receivable (1)
Other Assets (2)Total
December 31, 2021December 31, 2021$1,599 $1,057 $913 $3,569 
Credit loss (recoveries) expenseCredit loss (recoveries) expense77 (34)(359)(316)
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Investing ReceivablesTenant Notes
Receivable (1)
Other Assets (2)Total
March 31, 2022March 31, 2022$1,676 $1,023 $554 $3,253 
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020$2,851 $1,203 $643 $4,697 December 31, 2020$2,851 $1,203 $643 $4,697 
Credit loss recoveriesCredit loss recoveries(771)(7)(129)(907)Credit loss recoveries(771)(7)(129)(907)
March 31, 2021March 31, 2021$2,080 $1,196 $514 $3,790 March 31, 2021$2,080 $1,196 $514 $3,790 
(1)Included in the line entitled “accounts receivable, net” on our consolidated balance sheets.
(2)The balance as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 included $154,000 and $218,000, respectively, in the line entitled “accounts receivable, net” and $400,000 and $695,000, respectively, in the line entitled “prepaid expenses and other assets, net” on our consolidated balance sheets. The balance as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 included $40,000 and $257,000, respectively, in the line entitled “accounts receivable, net” and $474,000 and $386,000, respectively, in the line entitled “prepaid expenses and other assets, net” on our consolidated balance sheets.

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of our investing receivables, tenant notes receivable and sales-type lease receivables by credit risk classification, by origination year as of March 31, 20212022 (in thousands):
Origination YearOrigination Year
2016 and Earlier2017201820192020Total2017 and Earlier2018201920202021Total
Investing receivables:Investing receivables:Investing receivables:
Credit risk classification:Credit risk classification:Credit risk classification:
Investment gradeInvestment grade$65,884 $994 $$$992 $67,870 Investment grade$71,682 $— $— $1,715 $5,656 $79,053 
Non-investment gradeNon-investment grade6,041 6,041 Non-investment grade— — 5,040 — — 5,040 
TotalTotal$65,884 $994 $$6,041 $992 $73,911 Total$71,682 $— $5,040 $1,715 $5,656 $84,093 
Tenant notes receivable:Tenant notes receivable:Tenant notes receivable:
Credit risk classification:Credit risk classification:Credit risk classification:
Investment gradeInvestment grade$$$997 $80 $326 $1,410 Investment grade$— $888 $58 $252 $— $1,198 
Non-investment gradeNon-investment grade97 150 156 1,790 1,825 4,018 Non-investment grade194 124 126 1,685 — 2,129 
TotalTotal$97 $157 $1,153 $1,870 $2,151 $5,428 Total$194 $1,012 $184 $1,937 $— $3,327 
Sales-type lease receivables:Sales-type lease receivables:Sales-type lease receivables:
Credit risk classification:Credit risk classification:Credit risk classification:
Investment gradeInvestment grade$$$$$6,507 $6,507 Investment grade$— $— $— $6,065 $— $6,065 

Our investment grade credit risk classification represents entities with investment grade credit ratings from ratings agencies (such as Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. or Fitch Ratings Ltd.), meaning that they are considered to have at least an adequate capacity to meet their financial commitments, with credit risk ranging from minimal to moderate. Our non-investment grade credit risk classification represents entities with either no credit agency credit ratings or ratings deemed to be sub-investment grade; we believe that there is significantly more credit risk associated with this classification. The credit risk classifications of our investing receivables and tenant notes receivable were last updated in March 2021.2022.

An insignificant portion of the investing and tenant notes receivables set forth above was past due, which we define as being delinquent by more than three months from the due date.

Notes receivable on nonaccrual status as of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 20202021 were not significant. We did not recognize any interest income on notes receivable on nonaccrual status during the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020.2021.

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14.    Information by Business Segment

We have the following reportable segments: Defense/IT Locations; Regional Office; Wholesale Data Center;Center (the only property in which we sold on January 25, 2022); and Other. We also report on Defense/IT Locations sub-segments, which include the following: Fort George G. Meade and the Baltimore/Washington Corridor (“Fort Meade/BW Corridor”); Northern Virginia Defense/IT Locations;Locations (“NoVA Defense/IT”); Lackland Air Force Base (in San Antonio); locations serving the U.S. Navy (“Navy Support Locations”Support”), which included properties proximate to the Washington Navy Yard, the Naval Air Station Patuxent River in Maryland and the Naval Surface Warfare Center Dahlgren Division in Virginia; Redstone Arsenal (in Huntsville); and data center shells (properties leased to tenants to be operated as data centers in which the tenants fund the costs for the power, fiber connectivity and data center infrastructure). Our segment reporting included below reflects our retrospective reclassification of: certain activities to our Other reportable segment from our Wholesale Data Center reportable segment in the fourth quarter of 2021; and 2 properties to our NoVA Defense/IT sub-segment from our Regional Office segment in the first quarter of 2022.

We measure the performance of our segments through the measure we define as net operating income from real estate operations (“NOI from real estate operations”), which includes: real estate revenues and property operating expenses; and the net of revenues and property operating expenses of real estate operations owned through unconsolidated real estate joint ventures (“UJVs”) that is allocable to our ownership interest (“UJV NOI allocable to COPT”). Amounts reported for segment assets represent long-lived assets associated with consolidated operating properties (including the carrying value of properties, right-of-use assets, net of related lease liabilities, intangible assets, deferred leasing costs, deferred rents receivable and lease incentives) and the carrying value of investments in UJVs owning operating properties. Amounts reported as additions to long-lived assets represent additions to existing consolidated operating properties, excluding transfers from non-operating properties, which we report separately.
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The table below reports segment financial information for our reportable segments (in thousands): 
Defense/IT Locations
Defense/Information Technology Locations Fort Meade/BW CorridorNoVA Defense/ITLackland Air Force BaseNavy SupportRedstone ArsenalData Center ShellsTotal Defense/IT LocationsRegional OfficeWholesale
Data Center
OtherTotal
Fort Meade/BW CorridorNorthern Virginia Defense/ITLackland Air Force BaseNavy Support LocationsRedstone ArsenalData Center ShellsTotal Defense/IT LocationsRegional OfficeOperating Wholesale
Data Center
OtherTotal
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022Three Months Ended March 31, 2022         
Revenues from real estate operationsRevenues from real estate operations$67,214 $18,576 $14,713 $8,169 $9,195 $7,505 $125,372 $15,082 $1,980 $1,826 $144,260 
Property operating expensesProperty operating expenses(25,784)(6,869)(7,072)(3,471)(3,735)(1,010)(47,941)(7,930)(1,025)(1,256)(58,152)
UJV NOI allocable to COPTUJV NOI allocable to COPT— — — — — 1,080 1,080 — — — 1,080 
NOI from real estate operationsNOI from real estate operations$41,430 $11,707 $7,641 $4,698 $5,460 $7,575 $78,511 $7,152 $955 $570 $87,188 
Additions to long-lived assetsAdditions to long-lived assets$11,785 $2,189 $— $740 $235 $— $14,949 $4,333 $(51)$$19,232 
Transfers from non-operating propertiesTransfers from non-operating properties$5,369 $319 $418 $6,376 $76 $81,203 $93,761 $271 $— $— $94,032 
Segment assets at March 31, 2022Segment assets at March 31, 2022$1,334,119 $488,479 $197,406 $175,176 $297,974 $430,447 $2,923,601 $536,909 $— $3,901 $3,464,411 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2021Three Months Ended March 31, 2021         Three Months Ended March 31, 2021         
Revenues from real estate operationsRevenues from real estate operations$66,446 $15,211 $12,555 $8,398 $8,253 $8,787 $119,650 $16,677 $8,090 $747 $145,164 Revenues from real estate operations$66,446 $16,185 $12,555 $8,398 $8,253 $8,787 $120,624 $15,703 $7,334 $1,503 $145,164 
Property operating expensesProperty operating expenses(24,671)(5,876)(6,874)(3,433)(2,554)(1,082)(44,490)(7,664)(4,421)(399)(56,974)Property operating expenses(24,671)(6,336)(6,874)(3,433)(2,554)(1,082)(44,950)(7,204)(3,823)(997)(56,974)
UJV NOI allocable to COPTUJV NOI allocable to COPT917 917 917 UJV NOI allocable to COPT— — — — — 917 917 — — — 917 
NOI from real estate operationsNOI from real estate operations$41,775 $9,335 $5,681 $4,965 $5,699 $8,622 $76,077 $9,013 $3,669 $348 $89,107 NOI from real estate operations$41,775 $9,849 $5,681 $4,965 $5,699 $8,622 $76,591 $8,499 $3,511 $506 $89,107 
Additions to long-lived assetsAdditions to long-lived assets$6,881 $285 $$552 $258 $$7,976 $4,022 $228 $$12,230 Additions to long-lived assets$6,881 $298 $— $552 $258 $— $7,989 $4,009 $228 $$12,230 
Transfers from non-operating propertiesTransfers from non-operating properties$356 $88 $51 $$12,917 $985 $14,397 $357 $$$14,754 Transfers from non-operating properties$356 $88 $51 $— $12,917 $985 $14,397 $357 $— $— $14,754 
Segment assets at March 31, 2021Segment assets at March 31, 2021$1,270,467 $388,863 $141,044 $176,506 $293,107 $419,957 $2,689,944 $488,117 $199,245 $3,496 $3,380,802 Segment assets at March 31, 2021$1,270,467 $407,528 $141,044 $176,506 $293,107 $419,957 $2,708,609 $469,452 $199,029 $3,712 $3,380,802 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020         
Revenues from real estate operations$64,438 $13,678 $12,076 $8,341 $4,676 $5,577 $108,786 $15,460 $7,172 $698 $132,116 
Property operating expenses(21,222)(5,185)(6,795)(3,285)(1,847)(657)(38,991)(7,537)(3,233)(238)(49,999)
UJV NOI allocable to COPT1,713 1,713 1,713 
NOI from real estate operations$43,216 $8,493 $5,281 $5,056 $2,829 $6,633 $71,508 $7,923 $3,939 $460 $83,830 
Additions to long-lived assets$7,675 $2,691 $$1,758 $170 $$12,294 $3,357 $878 $65 $16,594 
Transfers from non-operating properties$538 $256 $15 $$1,136 $56,232 $58,177 $$$$58,177 
Segment assets at March 31, 2020$1,275,601 $395,108 $145,363 $183,054 $138,797 $334,102 $2,472,025 $390,352 $200,891 $3,677 $3,066,945 

1921


The following table reconciles our segment revenues to total revenues as reported on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
Segment revenues from real estate operationsSegment revenues from real estate operations$145,164 $132,116 Segment revenues from real estate operations$144,260 $145,164 
Construction contract and other service revenuesConstruction contract and other service revenues16,558 13,681 Construction contract and other service revenues53,200 16,558 
Less: Revenues from discontinued operations (Note 4)Less: Revenues from discontinued operations (Note 4)(1,980)(7,334)
Total revenuesTotal revenues$161,722 $145,797 Total revenues$195,480 $154,388 
 

The following table reconciles our segment property operating expenses to property operating expenses as reported on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
Segment property operating expenses$58,152 $56,974 
Less: Property operating expenses from discontinued operations (Note 4)(971)(3,698)
Total property operating expenses$57,181 $53,276 

The following table reconciles UJV NOI allocable to COPT to equity in income of unconsolidated entities as reported on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
UJV NOI allocable to COPTUJV NOI allocable to COPT$917 $1,713 UJV NOI allocable to COPT$1,080 $917 
Less: Income from UJV allocable to COPT attributable to depreciation and amortization expense and interest expenseLess: Income from UJV allocable to COPT attributable to depreciation and amortization expense and interest expense(693)(1,270)Less: Income from UJV allocable to COPT attributable to depreciation and amortization expense and interest expense(758)(693)
Add: Equity in loss of unconsolidated non-real estate entities(2)(2)
Add: Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated non-real estate entitiesAdd: Equity in income (loss) of unconsolidated non-real estate entities566 (2)
Equity in income of unconsolidated entitiesEquity in income of unconsolidated entities$222 $441 Equity in income of unconsolidated entities$888 $222 
 
As previously discussed, we provide real estate services such as property management, development and construction services primarily for our properties but also for third parties.  The primary manner in which we evaluate the operating performance of our service activities is through a measure we define as net operating income from service operations (“NOI from service operations”), which is based on the net of revenues and expenses from these activities.  Construction contract and other service revenues and expenses consist primarily of subcontracted costs that are reimbursed to us by the customer along with a management fee. The operating margins from these activities are small relative to the revenue.  We believe NOI from service operations is a useful measure in assessing both our level of activity and our profitability in conducting such operations. The table below sets forth the computation of our NOI from service operations (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
Construction contract and other service revenuesConstruction contract and other service revenues$16,558 $13,681 Construction contract and other service revenues$53,200 $16,558 
Construction contract and other service expensesConstruction contract and other service expenses(15,793)(13,121)Construction contract and other service expenses(51,650)(15,793)
NOI from service operationsNOI from service operations$765 $560 NOI from service operations$1,550 $765 

2022


The following table reconciles our NOI from real estate operations for reportable segments and NOI from service operations to net income (loss) from continuing operations as reported on our consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
NOI from real estate operationsNOI from real estate operations$89,107 $83,830 NOI from real estate operations$87,188 $89,107 
NOI from service operationsNOI from service operations765 560 NOI from service operations1,550 765 
Interest and other incomeInterest and other income1,865 1,205 Interest and other income1,893 1,865 
Credit loss recoveries (expense)907 (689)
Credit loss recoveriesCredit loss recoveries316 907 
Gain on sales of real estateGain on sales of real estate(490)Gain on sales of real estate15 (490)
Equity in income of unconsolidated entitiesEquity in income of unconsolidated entities222 441 Equity in income of unconsolidated entities888 222 
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense(32)(49)Income tax expense(153)(32)
Depreciation and other amortization associated with real estate operationsDepreciation and other amortization associated with real estate operations(37,321)(32,596)Depreciation and other amortization associated with real estate operations(34,264)(34,500)
General, administrative and leasing expensesGeneral, administrative and leasing expenses(8,406)(7,486)General, administrative and leasing expenses(8,544)(8,406)
Business development expenses and land carry costsBusiness development expenses and land carry costs(1,094)(1,118)Business development expenses and land carry costs(783)(1,094)
Interest expenseInterest expense(17,519)(16,840)Interest expense(14,424)(17,519)
UJV NOI allocable to COPT included in equity in income of unconsolidated entitiesUJV NOI allocable to COPT included in equity in income of unconsolidated entities(917)(1,713)UJV NOI allocable to COPT included in equity in income of unconsolidated entities(1,080)(917)
Revenues from real estate operations from discontinued operations (Note 4)Revenues from real estate operations from discontinued operations (Note 4)(1,980)(7,334)
Property operating expenses from discontinued operations (Note 4)Property operating expenses from discontinued operations (Note 4)971 3,698 
Loss on early extinguishment of debtLoss on early extinguishment of debt(33,166)Loss on early extinguishment of debt(342)(33,166)
Net (loss) income$(6,079)$25,550 
Income (loss) from continuing operationsIncome (loss) from continuing operations$31,251 $(6,894)
 
The following table reconciles our segment assets to our consolidated total assets (in thousands): 
March 31,
2021
March 31,
2020
March 31,
2022
March 31,
2021
Segment assetsSegment assets$3,380,802 $3,066,945 Segment assets$3,464,411 $3,380,802 
Operating properties lease liabilities included in segment assetsOperating properties lease liabilities included in segment assets30,151 17,365 Operating properties lease liabilities included in segment assets29,729 30,151 
Non-operating property assetsNon-operating property assets492,230 658,978 Non-operating property assets419,346 492,230 
Other assetsOther assets209,765 311,169 Other assets218,540 209,765 
Total consolidated assetsTotal consolidated assets$4,112,948 $4,054,457 Total consolidated assets$4,132,026 $4,112,948 
 
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those used to prepare our consolidated financial statements.statements, except that discontinued operations are not presented separately for segment purposes.  In the segment reporting presented above, we did not allocate interest expense, depreciation and amortization, impairment losses, gain on sales of real estate, loss on early extinguishment of debt and equity in income of unconsolidated entities not included in NOI to our real estate segments since they are not included in the measure of segment profit reviewed by management.  We also did not allocate general, administrative and leasing expenses, business development expenses and land carry costs, interest and other income, credit loss (expense) recoveries, (expense), income taxes and noncontrolling interests because these items represent general corporate or non-operating property items not attributable to segments.

15.Construction Contract and Other Service Revenues

We disaggregate our construction contract and other service revenues by compensation arrangement and by service type as we believe it best depicts the nature, timing and uncertainty of our revenue. The table below reports construction contract and other service revenues by compensation arrangement (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2021202020222021
Construction contract revenue:Construction contract revenue:Construction contract revenue:
Cost-plus fee$12,486 $3,309 
Guaranteed maximum priceGuaranteed maximum price2,101 5,044 Guaranteed maximum price$47,923 $2,101 
Firm fixed priceFirm fixed price1,471 5,072 Firm fixed price3,444 1,471 
Cost-plus feeCost-plus fee1,306 12,486 
OtherOther500 256 Other527 500 
$16,558 $13,681 $53,200 $16,558 

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The table below reports construction contract and other service revenues by service type (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2021202020222021
Construction contract revenue:Construction contract revenue:Construction contract revenue:
ConstructionConstruction$15,756 $12,883 Construction$52,569 $15,756 
DesignDesign302 542 Design104 302 
OtherOther500 256 Other527 500 
$16,558 $13,681 $53,200 $16,558 

We recognized an insignificant amount of revenue in the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 20202021 from performance obligations satisfied (or partially satisfied) in previous periods.

Accounts receivable related to our construction contract services is included in accounts receivable, net on our consolidated balance sheets. The beginning and ending balances of accounts receivable related to our construction contracts were as follows (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2021202020222021
Beginning balanceBeginning balance$13,997 $12,378 Beginning balance$7,193 $13,997 
Ending balanceEnding balance$7,283 $10,852 Ending balance$4,165 $7,283 

Contract assets, which we refer to herein as construction contract costs in excess of billings, net, are included in prepaid expenses and other assets, net reported on our consolidated balance sheets. The beginning and ending balances of our contract assets were as follows (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2021202020222021
Beginning balanceBeginning balance$10,343 $17,223 Beginning balance$22,384 $10,343 
Ending balanceEnding balance$13,046 $7,463 Ending balance$29,389 $13,046 

Contract liabilities are included in other liabilities reported on our consolidated balance sheets. Changes in contract liabilities were as follows (in thousands):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2021202020222021
Beginning balanceBeginning balance$4,610 $1,184 Beginning balance$2,499 $4,610 
Ending balanceEnding balance$6,193 $1,417 Ending balance$2,534 $6,193 
Portion of beginning balance recognized in revenue during periodPortion of beginning balance recognized in revenue during period$547 $646 Portion of beginning balance recognized in revenue during period$26 $547 

Revenue allocated to the remaining performance obligations under existing contracts as of March 31, 20212022 that will be recognized as revenue in future periods was $176.6 million, approximately $74$98.9 million, of which we expect to recognize duringapproximately $84 million in the nine months ending December 31, 2022 and most of the remainder of 2021.in 2023.

We have 0no deferred incremental costs incurred to obtain or fulfill our construction contracts or other service revenues as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. We had no significant credit loss expenserecoveries on construction contracts receivable orand unbilled construction revenue of $372,000 in the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020.$141,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2021.

16.    Share-Based Compensation
 
Restricted Shares
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, certain employees and a non-employee member of our Board of Trustees (“Trustee”) were granted a total of 139,646142,411 restricted common shares with an aggregate grant date fair value of $3.6$3.8 million (weighted average of $26.00($26.57 per share). Restricted shares granted to employees vest based on increments and over periods of time set forth under the terms of the respective awards provided that the employee remains employed by us. Restricted shares granted to non-employee Trustees vest on the first anniversary of the grant date, provided that the Trustee remains in his or her
22


position. During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, forfeiture restrictions lapsed on 131,573120,753 previously issued common shares; these shares had a weighted average grant date fair value of $25.82$26.06 per share, and the aggregate intrinsic value of the shares on the vesting dates was $3.4$3.2 million.

Performance Share Awards (“PSUs”)
24


We issued 93,824 common shares on February 3, 2021 to executives in settlement of PSUs granted in 2018, representing 200% of the target awards for those PSUs.

Profit Interest Units in COPLP (“PIUs”)

We granted 2 forms of PIUs: time-based PIUs (“TB-PIUs”); and performance-based PIUs (“PB-PIUs”). TB-PIUs are subject to forfeiture restrictions until the end of the requisite service period, at which time the TB-PIUs automatically convert into vested PIUs. PB-PIUs are subject to a market condition in that the number of earned awards are determined at the end of the performance period (as described further below) and then settled in vested PIUs. Vested PIUs carry substantially the same rights to redemption and distributions as non-PIU common units.

TB-PIUs

During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, we granted 80,31986,202 TB-PIUs with an aggregate grant date fair value of $2.1$2.3 million ($26.0026.57 per TB-PIU) to senior management team members. These TB-PIUs granted to senior management team members vest in equal annualbased on increments and over a three-year period beginning onperiods of time set forth under the first anniversaryterms of the date of grantrespective awards provided that the employee remains employed by us. Prior to vesting, TB-PIUs carry substantially the same rights to distributions as non-PIU common units but carry no redemption rights. During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, forfeiture restrictions lapsed on 32,61959,392 previously issued TB-PIUs; these TB-PIUs had a weighted average grant date fair value of $25.55$25.75 per unit, and the aggregate intrinsic value of the TB-PIUs on the vesting date was $848,000.$1.6 million.

PB-PIUs

On January 1, 2021,2022, we granted certain senior management team members 227,544231,838 PB-PIUs with a three-year performance period concluding on the earlier of December 31, 20232024 or the date of: (1) termination by us without cause, death or disability of the employee or constructive discharge of the employee (collectively, “qualified termination”); or (2) a sale event.  The number of earned awards at the end of the performance period will be determined based on the percentile rank of COPT’s total shareholder return (“TSR”) relative to a peer group of companies, as set forth in the following schedule:
Percentile Rank Earned PB-PIUs Payout %
75th or greater 100% of PB-PIUs granted
50th (target) 50% of PB-PIUs granted
25th 25% of PB-PIUs granted
Below 25th 0% of PB-PIUs granted

If the percentile rank exceeds the 25th percentile and is between 2 of the percentile ranks set forth in the table above, then the percentage of the earned awards will be interpolated between the ranges set forth in the table above to reflect any performance between the listed percentiles.  If COPT’s TSR during the measurement period is negative, the maximum number of earned awards will be limited to the target level payout percentage.  During the performance period, PB-PIUs carry rights to distributions equal to 10% of the distribution rights of non-PIU common units but carry no redemption rights.

At the end of the performance period, we will settle the award by issuing vested PIUs equal to: the number of earned awards; and the excess, if any, of (1) the aggregate distributions that would have been paid with respect to vested PIUs issued in settlement of the earned awards through the date of settlement had such vested PIUs been issued on the grant date over (2) the aggregate distributions made on the PB-PIUs during the performance period, divided by the price of our common shares on the settlement date. If a performance period ends due to a sale event or qualified termination, the number of earned awards is prorated based on the portion of the three-year performance period that has elapsed.  If employment is terminated by the employee or by us for cause, all PB-PIUs are forfeited.

These PB-PIU grants had an aggregate grant date fair value of $3.4$3.8 million ($30.0332.87 per target-level award associated with the grants) which is being recognized over the performance period. The grant date fair value was computed using a Monte Carlo model that included the following assumptions: baseline common share value of $26.08;$27.97; expected volatility for common shares of 34.7%31.7%; and a risk-free interest rate of 0.18%0.98%.  
23


Based on COPT’s TSR relative to its peer group of companies, for the 2019 PB-PIUs issued to executives that vested on December 31, 2021, we issued 156,104 PIUs in settlement of the PB-PIUs on February 1, 2022.

17.    Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)
 
We present both basic and diluted EPS.  We compute basic EPS by dividing net income available to common shareholders allocable to unrestricted common shares under the two-class method by the weighted average number of unrestricted common shares outstanding during the period.  Our computation of diluted EPS is similar except that:
 
the denominator is increased to include: (1) the weighted average number of potential additional common shares that would have been outstanding if securities that are convertible into common shares were converted; and (2) the effect of dilutive
25


potential common shares outstanding during the period attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interests and share-based compensation awards using the if-converted or treasury stock methods; and
the numerator is adjusted to add back any changes in income or loss that would result from the assumed conversion into common shares that we add to the denominator.

Summaries of the numerator and denominator for purposes of basic and diluted EPS calculations are set forth below (in thousands, except per share data):
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20212020
Numerator:  
Net (loss) income attributable to COPT$(6,669)$24,054 
Income attributable to share-based compensation awards(170)(105)
Numerator for basic EPS on net income attributable to COPT common shareholders(6,839)23,949 
Income attributable to share-based compensation awards
Numerator for diluted EPS on net income attributable to COPT common shareholders$(6,839)$23,957 
Denominator (all weighted averages):  
Denominator for basic EPS (common shares)111,888 111,724 
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards239 
Denominator for diluted EPS (common shares)111,888 111,963 
Basic EPS$(0.06)$0.21 
Diluted EPS$(0.06)$0.21 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
Numerator:
Income (loss) from continuing operations$31,251 $(6,894)
Income from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests(1,084)(580)
Income from continuing operations attributable to share-based compensation awards for basic EPS(116)(172)
Numerator for basic EPS from continuing operations attributable to COPT common shareholders30,051 (7,646)
Redeemable noncontrolling interests(39)— 
Adjustment to income from continuing operations attributable to share-based compensation awards for diluted EPS18 — 
Numerator for diluted EPS from continuing operations attributable to COPT common shareholders30,030 (7,646)
Discontinued operations29,573 815 
Discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests(421)(10)
Income from discontinued operations attributable to share-based compensation awards for diluted EPS(83)
Numerator for diluted EPS on net income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholders$59,099 $(6,839)
Denominator (all weighted averages):
Denominator for basic EPS (common shares)112,020 111,888 
Dilutive effect of redeemable noncontrolling interests132 — 
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards426 — 
Denominator for diluted EPS (common shares)112,578 111,888 
Basic EPS:
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to COPT common shareholders$0.27 $(0.07)
Discontinued operations attributable to COPT common shareholders0.26 0.01 
Net income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholders$0.53 $(0.06)
Diluted EPS:
Income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to COPT common shareholders$0.27 $(0.07)
Discontinued operations attributable to COPT common shareholders0.25 0.01 
Net income (loss) attributable to COPT common shareholders$0.52 $(0.06)
 
Our diluted EPS computations do not include the effects of the following securities since the conversions of such securities would increase diluted EPS for the respective periods (in thousands):
Weighted Average Shares Excluded from Denominator
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
Conversion of common units1,384 1,246 
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests806 940 
Weighted Average Shares Excluded from Denominator
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20212020
Conversion of common units1,246 1,226 
Conversion of redeemable noncontrolling interests940 1,011 
Conversion of Series I Preferred Units176 

The following securities were also excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because their effect was antidilutive:

weighted average restricted shares and deferred share awards for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 of 399,000 and 2020 of 419,000, and 440,000, respectively;
weighted average unvested TB-PIUs for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 of 172,000 and 2020 of 131,000, and 75,000, respectively; and
weighted average unvested PB-PIUs for the three months ended March 31, 2021 of 228,000.

2426



18.    Commitments and Contingencies
 
Litigation and Claims
 
In the normal course of business, we are subject to legal actions and other claims.  We record losses for specific legal proceedings and claims when we determine that a loss is probable and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.  As of March 31, 2021,2022, management believes that it is reasonably possible that we could recognize a loss of up to $3.2$3.7 million for certain municipal tax claims; while we do not believe this loss would materially affect our financial position or liquidity, it could be material to our results of operations. Management believes that it is also reasonably possible that we could incur losses pursuant to other claims but do not believe such losses would materially affect our financial position, liquidity or results of operations. Our assessment of the potential outcomes of these matters involves significant judgment and is subject to change based on future developments.
 
Environmental
 
We are subject to various Federal, state and local environmental regulations related to our property ownership and operation.  We have performed environmental assessments of our properties, the results of which have not revealed any environmental liability that we believe would have a materially adverse effect on our financial position, operations or liquidity.

In connection with a lease and subsequent sale in 2008 and 2010 of 3 properties in Dayton, New Jersey, we agreed to provide certain environmental indemnifications limited to $19 million in the aggregate. We have insurance coverage in place to mitigate much of any potential future losses that may result from these indemnification agreements.
 
Tax Incremental Financing Obligation
 
Anne Arundel County, Maryland issued tax incremental financing bonds to third-party investors in order to finance public improvements needed in connection with our project known as the National Business Park.  These bonds had a remaining principal balance of approximately $33$31 million as of March 31, 2021.2022. The real estate taxes on increases in assessed values post-bond issuance of properties in development districts encompassing the National Business Park are transferred to a special fund pledged to the repayment of the bonds. While we are obligated to fund, through a special tax, any future shortfalls between debt service of the bonds and real estate taxes available to repay the bonds, as of March 31, 2021,2022, we do not expect any such future fundings will be required.

Effects of COVID-19
As of the date of this filing, spread of the coronavirus, or COVID-19, continues world- and nation-wide, and is expected to continue at least until vaccinations have been administered to most of the population. Some businesses continue to be hindered to varying extents by the effects of restrictive measures instituted to control spread, operational challenges resulting from social distancing requirements/expectations and/or a reluctance by much of the population to engage in certain activities while the pandemic is still active. In addition, there continues to be significant uncertainty regarding the duration and extent of the pandemic due to such factors such as the resurgence of the virus, emergence of variants in some areas and pace of vaccination efforts. While the pandemic has impacted the operations of much of the commercial real estate industry, we believe that we have been less susceptible to such impact due to our portfolio’s significant concentration in Defense/IT Locations. As a result, we believe that we have not been significantly affected by the pandemic.

COVID-19, along with measures instituted to prevent spread, may adversely affect us in many ways, including, but not limited to:

disruption of our tenants’ operations, which could adversely affect their ability, or willingness, to sustain their businesses and/or fulfill their lease obligations;
our ability to maintain occupancy in our properties and obtain new leases for unoccupied and new development space at favorable terms or at all;
shortages in supply of products or services from our and our tenants’ vendors that are needed for us and our tenants to operate effectively, and which could lead to increased costs for such products and services;
access to debt and equity capital on attractive terms or at all. Severe disruption and instability in the global financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions may affect our or our tenants’ ability to access capital necessary to fund operations, refinance debt or fund planned investments on a timely basis, and may adversely affect the valuation of financial assets and liabilities;
25


our and our tenants’ ability to continue or complete planned development, including the potential for delays in the supply of materials or labor necessary for development; and
an increase in the pace of businesses implementing remote work arrangements over the long-term, which would adversely effect demand for office space.

The extent of the effect on our operations, financial condition and cash flows will be dependent on future developments, including the duration of the pandemic and any future resurgence or variants thereof, the prevalence, strength and duration of restrictive measures and the resulting effects on our tenants, potential future tenants, the commercial real estate industry and the broader economy, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict.

2627


Item 2.          Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
Overview
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, we: 

finished the period with our office and data center shell portfolio 93.8%92.0% occupied and 94.7%93.9% leased;
placed into service 46,000283,000 square feet in onetwo newly-developed office propertyproperties that waswere 100.0% leased as of March 31, 2021;2022; and
refinanced certain unsecured senior notes issuances with a new unsecured senior note issuance effective March 11, 2021 by:
issuing $600.0sold our wholesale data center for $222.5 million, of 2.75% Notes at an initial offering price of 98.95% of their face value. The proceeds from this issuance, after deducting underwriting discounts but before other offering expenses, were $589.8 million;
purchasing pursuant to tender offers $184.4 million of 3.60% Notes for $196.7 million and $145.6 million of 5.25% Notes for $164.7 million, plus accrued interest. In connection with these purchases, we recognized a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $33.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2021; and
initiating the redemption of the remaining $165.6 million of 3.60% Notes and $104.4 million of 5.25% Notes, which was completed on April 12, 2021 for $294.0 million, plus accrued interest, resulting in recognitiona gain on sale of an additional loss on early extinguishment of debt of approximately $25$28.6 million.
We initially used the remaining proceeds fromto repay a portion of of our Term Loan Facility and the 2.75% Notes issuance on March 11, 2021remainder to repay borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility and for general corporate purposes. We subsequently used primarily borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility to fund the redemption of the remaining 3.60% Notes and 5.25% Notes on April 12, 2021.Facility.

With regard to our operating portfolio square footage, occupancy and leasing statistics included below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, amounts disclosed include information pertaining to properties owned through unconsolidated real estate joint ventures.

We discuss significant factors contributing to changes in our net income in the section below entitled “Results of Operations.” In addition, the section below entitled “Liquidity and Capital Resources” includes discussions of, among other things:

how we expect to generate and obtain cash for short and long-term capital needs; and
our commitmentsmaterial cash requirements for known contractual and contingencies.other obligations.
 
You should refer to our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto as you read this section.
 
This section contains “forward-looking” statements, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that are based on our current expectations, estimates and projections about future events and financial trends affecting the financial condition and operations of our business. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “estimate,” “plan” or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which we cannot predict with accuracy and some of which we might not even anticipate. Although we believe that the expectations, estimates and projections reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions at the time made, we can give no assurance that these expectations, estimates and projections will be achieved. Future events and actual results may differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. ImportantWe caution readers that forward-looking statements reflect our opinion only as of the date on which they were made. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. The following factors, that may affect these expectations, estimatesamong others, could cause actual results and projections include, but are not limited to:future events to differ materially from those set forth or contemplated in the forward-looking statements:

general economic and business conditions, which will, among other things, affect office property and data center demand and rents, tenant creditworthiness, interest rates, financing availability, construction costs and property values;
adverse changes in the real estate markets, including, among other things, increased competition with other companies;
risks and uncertainties regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and similar pandemics, along with restrictive measures instituted to prevent spread, on our business, the real estate industry and national, regional and local economic conditions;
governmental actions and initiatives, including risks associated with the impact of a prolonged government shutdown or budgetary reductions or impasses, such as a reduction in rental revenues, non-renewal of leases and/or reduced or delayed demand for additional space by our strategic customers;
our ability to borrow on favorable terms;
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risks of real estateproperty acquisition and development activities, including, among other things, risks that development projects may not be completed on schedule, that tenants may not take occupancy or pay rent or that development or operating costs may be greater than anticipated;
risks of investing through joint venture structures, including risks that our joint venture partners may not fulfill their financial obligations as investors or may take actions that are inconsistent with our objectives;
changes in our plans for properties or views of market economic conditions or failure to obtain development rights, either of which could result in recognition of significant impairment losses;
risks and uncertainties regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and similar pandemics, along with restrictive measures instituted to prevent spread, on our business, the real estate industry and national, regional and local economic conditions;
our ability to satisfy and operate effectively under Federalfederal income tax rules relating to real estate investment trusts and partnerships;
possible adverse changes in tax laws;
the dilutive effects of issuing additional common shares;
our ability to achieve projected results;
security breaches relating to cyber attacks, cyber intrusions or other factors; and
environmental requirements.

We undertake no obligation to publicly update or supplement forward-looking statements.
 
Effects of COVID-19

As of the date of this filing, spread of the coronavirus, or COVID-19, continues world- and nation-wide, and is expected to continue at least until vaccinations have been administered to most of the population. Some businesses continue to be hindered to varying extents by the effects of restrictive measures instituted to control spread, operational challenges resulting from social distancing requirements/expectations and/or a reluctance by much of the population to engage in certain activities while the pandemic is still active. In addition, there continues to be significant uncertainty regarding the duration and extent of the pandemic due to such factors such as the resurgence of the virus, emergence of variants in some areas and pace of vaccination efforts.

While the pandemic has impacted the operations of much of the commercial real estate industry, we believe that we have been less susceptible to such impact due to our portfolio’s significant concentration in Defense/IT Locations. As a result, we believe that our results of operations have not been significantly affected by the pandemic. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, our:

Same Properties NOI from real estate operations decreased $922,000 relative to the three months ended March 31, 2020. This decrease included the effect of a $542,000 decrease in parking revenue attributable primarily to the pandemic; and
lease revenue collections were not significantly affected by the pandemic. After agreeing to deferred payment arrangements for approximately $2.6 million in lease receivables last year, we did not agree to significant additional arrangements in the current period.

While we do not currently expect that the pandemic will significantly affect our future results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, we believe that the impact will be dependent on future developments, including the duration of the pandemic, the prevalence, strength and duration of restrictive measures and the resulting effects on our tenants, potential future tenants, the commercial real estate industry and the broader economy, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict. Nevertheless, we believe at this time that there is more inherent risk associated with the operations of our Regional Office properties than our Defense/IT Locations.

While we do not believe that our development leasing and ability to renew leases scheduled to expire have been significantly affected by the pandemic, we do believe that the impact of the restrictive measures and the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic has impacted our timing and volume of vacant space leasing, and may continue to do so in the future.

The pandemic enhances the risk of us being able to stay on pace to complete development and begin operations on schedule due to the potential for delays from: jurisdictional permitting and inspections; factories’ ability to provide materials; and possible labor quarantines. These types of issues have not significantly affected us to date but could in the future, depending on pandemic related developments.

We do not expect that we will be required to incur significant additional capital expenditures on existing properties as a result of the pandemic.

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Occupancy and Leasing
Office and Data Center Shell Portfolio
 
The tables below set forth occupancy information pertaining to our portfolio of office and data center shell properties:
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020March 31,
2022
December 31, 2021
Occupancy rates at period endOccupancy rates at period end  Occupancy rates at period end  
TotalTotal93.8 %94.1 %Total92.0 %92.4 %
Defense/IT Locations:Defense/IT Locations:Defense/IT Locations:
Fort Meade/BW CorridorFort Meade/BW Corridor90.4 %91.0 %Fort Meade/BW Corridor90.2 %90.0 %
Northern Virginia Defense/IT87.6 %88.1 %
NoVA Defense/ITNoVA Defense/IT88.6 %89.5 %
Lackland Air Force BaseLackland Air Force Base100.0 %100.0 %Lackland Air Force Base100.0 %100.0 %
Navy Support Locations96.9 %97.2 %
Navy SupportNavy Support92.9 %93.9 %
Redstone ArsenalRedstone Arsenal99.6 %99.4 %Redstone Arsenal91.3 %90.8 %
Data Center ShellsData Center Shells100.0 %100.0 %Data Center Shells100.0 %100.0 %
Total Defense/IT LocationsTotal Defense/IT Locations94.2 %94.5 %Total Defense/IT Locations93.3 %93.2 %
Regional OfficeRegional Office92.9 %92.5 %Regional Office81.8 %87.3 %
OtherOther68.4 %68.4 %Other66.2 %66.2 %
Average contractual annual rental rate per square foot at period end (1)$31.50 $31.50 
Annualized rental revenue per occupied square foot at period endAnnualized rental revenue per occupied square foot at period end$32.59 $32.47 

(1)Includes estimated expense reimbursements.
Rentable
Square Feet
Occupied
Square Feet
 (in thousands)
December 31, 202020,959 19,722 
Vacated upon lease expiration (1)— (169)
Occupancy for new leases— 114 
Developed or redeveloped46 46 
Other changes— 
March 31, 202121,006 19,713 

Rentable
Square Feet
Occupied
Square Feet
 (in thousands)
December 31, 202121,710 20,070 
Vacated upon lease expiration (1)— (288)
Occupancy for new leases— 189 
Developed283 283 
Other changes13 — 
March 31, 202222,006 20,254 
(1)Includes lease terminations and space reductions occurring in connection with lease renewals.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, we completed 258,000leased 871,000 square feet, including: 448,000 square feet of renewal leasing, including: renewed leases on 154,000representing a tenant retention rate of 64.0%; 157,000 square feet representing 51.8% of vacant space leasing; and 265,000 square feet of development leasing.

Annualized rental revenue is a measure that we use to evaluate the square footagesource of our rental revenue as of a point in time. It is computed by multiplying by 12 the sum of monthly contractual base rents and estimated monthly expense reimbursements under active leases as of a point in time (ignoring free rent then in effect and rent associated with tenant funded landlord assets). Our computation of annualized rental revenue excludes the effect of lease expirations (includingincentives. We consider annualized rental revenue to be a useful measure for analyzing revenue sources because, since it is point-in-time based, it does not contain increases and decreases in revenue associated with periods in which lease terms were not in effect; historical revenue under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) does contain such fluctuations. We find the measure particularly useful for leasing, tenant, segment and industry analysis. Tenant retention rate is a measure we use that represents the percentage of square feet renewed in a period relative to the total square feet scheduled to expire in that period; we include the effect of early renewals); 93,000 square feet of vacant space; and 11,000 square feet of development space.

Wholesale Data Center
Our 19.25 megawatt wholesale data center was 86.7% leased as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. An 11.25 megawatt lease that expiredrenewals in August 2020 remains in place until renewed by both parties or terminated by either party.this measure.

Results of Operations
 
We evaluate the operating performance of our properties using NOI from real estate operations, our segment performance measure, which includes:includes real estate revenues and property operating expenses;expenses from continuing and the net of revenuesdiscontinued operations and property operating expenses of real estate operations owned through unconsolidated real estate joint ventures (“UJVs”) that is allocable to our ownership interest (“UJV NOI allocable to COPT”).COPT.  We view our NOI from real estate operations as comprising the following primary categories:

office and data center shell properties:
stably owned and 100% operational throughout the current and prior year reporting periods being compared.  We define these as changes from “Same Properties”;
developed or redeveloped and placed into service that were not 100% operational throughout the current and prior year reporting periods; and
disposed; and
our wholesale data center that we sold on January 25, 2022.
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our wholesale data center.

In addition to owning properties, we provide construction management and other services. The primary manner in which we evaluate the operating performance of our construction management and other service activities is through a measure we define as NOI from service operations, which is based on the net of the revenues and expenses from these activities.  The revenues and expenses from these activities consist primarily of subcontracted costs that are reimbursed to us by customers along with a management fee.  The operating margins from these activities are small relative to the revenue.  We believe NOI from service operations is a useful measure in assessing both our level of activity and our profitability in conducting such operations.
 
Since both of the measures discussed above exclude certain items includable in net income, reliance on these measures has limitations; management compensates for these limitations by using the measures simply as supplemental measures that are considered alongside other GAAP and non-GAAP measures. A reconciliation of NOI from real estate operations and NOI from service operations to net income from continuing operations reported on ourthe consolidated statements of operations is provided in Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements.

Comparison of Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20212022 and 20202021
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20212020Variance
 (in thousands)
Revenues   
Revenues from real estate operations$145,164 $132,116 $13,048 
Construction contract and other service revenues16,558 13,681 2,877 
Total revenues161,722 145,797 15,925 
Operating expenses   
Property operating expenses56,974 49,999 6,975 
Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations37,321 32,596 4,725 
Construction contract and other service expenses15,793 13,121 2,672 
General, administrative and leasing expenses8,406 7,486 920 
Business development expenses and land carry costs1,094 1,118 (24)
Total operating expenses119,588 104,320 15,268 
Interest expense(17,519)(16,840)(679)
Interest and other income1,865 1,205 660 
Credit loss recoveries (expense)907 (689)1,596 
Gain on sales of real estate(490)(495)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt(33,166)— (33,166)
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities222 441 (219)
Income tax expense(32)(49)17 
Net (loss) income$(6,079)$25,550 $(31,629)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021Variance
 (in thousands)
Revenues   
Revenues from real estate operations$142,280 $137,830 $4,450 
Construction contract and other service revenues53,200 16,558 36,642 
Total revenues195,480 154,388 41,092 
Operating expenses   
Property operating expenses57,181 53,276 3,905 
Depreciation and amortization associated with real estate operations34,264 34,500 (236)
Construction contract and other service expenses51,650 15,793 35,857 
General, administrative and leasing expenses8,544 8,406 138 
Business development expenses and land carry costs783 1,094 (311)
Total operating expenses152,422 113,069 39,353 
Interest expense(14,424)(17,519)3,095 
Interest and other income1,893 1,865 28 
Credit loss recoveries316 907 (591)
Gain on sales of real estate15 (490)505 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt(342)(33,166)32,824 
Equity in income of unconsolidated entities888 222 666 
Income tax expense(153)(32)(121)
Income (loss) from continuing operations31,251 (6,894)38,145 
Discontinued operations29,573 815 28,758 
Net income (loss)$60,824 $(6,079)$66,903 

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NOI from Real Estate Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020Variance20222021Variance
(Dollars in thousands, except per square foot data)(Dollars in thousands,
 except per square foot data)
RevenuesRevenuesRevenues
Same Properties revenuesSame Properties revenuesSame Properties revenues
Lease revenue, excluding net lease termination revenue and provision for collectability lossesLease revenue, excluding net lease termination revenue and provision for collectability losses$124,010 $121,617 $2,393 Lease revenue, excluding net lease termination revenue and provision for collectability losses$132,505 $131,157 $1,348 
Lease termination revenue, netLease termination revenue, net1,362 38 1,324 Lease termination revenue, net221 1,362 (1,141)
Provision for collectability losses included in lease revenueProvision for collectability losses included in lease revenue(124)(108)(16)Provision for collectability losses included in lease revenue— (124)124 
Other property revenueOther property revenue507 1,098 (591)Other property revenue859 507 352 
Same Properties total revenuesSame Properties total revenues125,755 122,645 3,110 Same Properties total revenues133,585 132,902 683 
Developed and redeveloped properties placed in serviceDeveloped and redeveloped properties placed in service11,318 996 10,322 Developed and redeveloped properties placed in service7,527 2,409 5,118 
Wholesale data centerWholesale data center8,090 7,172 918 Wholesale data center1,980 7,334 (5,354)
DispositionsDispositions(81)1,299 (1,380)Dispositions1,681 (1,680)
OtherOther82 78 Other1,167 838 329 
145,164 132,116 13,048 144,260 145,164 (904)
Property operating expensesProperty operating expensesProperty operating expenses
Same PropertiesSame Properties(50,421)(46,395)(4,026)Same Properties(54,161)(51,655)(2,506)
Developed and redeveloped properties placed in serviceDeveloped and redeveloped properties placed in service(2,089)(231)(1,858)Developed and redeveloped properties placed in service(2,065)(562)(1,503)
Wholesale data centerWholesale data center(4,421)(3,233)(1,188)Wholesale data center(1,025)(3,823)2,798 
DispositionsDispositions— (135)135 Dispositions(298)299 
OtherOther(43)(5)(38)Other(902)(636)(266)
(56,974)(49,999)(6,975)(58,152)(56,974)(1,178)
UJV NOI allocable to COPTUJV NOI allocable to COPTUJV NOI allocable to COPT
Same PropertiesSame Properties499 505 (6)Same Properties926 917 
Dispositions— 1,208 (1,208)
Retained interest in newly-formed UJV418 — 418 
Retained interest in newly-formed UJVsRetained interest in newly-formed UJVs154 — 154 
917 1,713 (796)1,080 917 163 
NOI from real estate operationsNOI from real estate operationsNOI from real estate operations
Same PropertiesSame Properties75,833 76,755 (922)Same Properties80,350 82,164 (1,814)
Developed and redeveloped properties placed in serviceDeveloped and redeveloped properties placed in service9,229 765 8,464 Developed and redeveloped properties placed in service5,462 1,847 3,615 
Wholesale data centerWholesale data center3,669 3,939 (270)Wholesale data center955 3,511 (2,556)
Dispositions, net of retained interest in newly-formed UJV337 2,372 (2,035)
Dispositions, net of retained interest in newly-formed UJVsDispositions, net of retained interest in newly-formed UJVs156 1,383 (1,227)
OtherOther39 (1)40 Other265 202 63 
$89,107 $83,830 $5,277 $87,188 $89,107 $(1,919)
Same Properties NOI from real estate operations by segmentSame Properties NOI from real estate operations by segmentSame Properties NOI from real estate operations by segment
Defense/IT LocationsDefense/IT Locations$67,814 $68,371 $(557)Defense/IT Locations$73,586 $74,659 $(1,073)
Regional OfficeRegional Office7,715 7,923 (208)Regional Office6,459 7,201 (742)
OtherOther304 461 (157)Other305 304 
$75,833 $76,755 $(922)$80,350 $82,164 $(1,814)
Same Properties rent statisticsSame Properties rent statisticsSame Properties rent statistics
Average occupancy rateAverage occupancy rate92.7 %92.8 %(0.1 %)Average occupancy rate91.7 %93.6 %(1.9 %)
Average straight-line rent per occupied square foot (1)Average straight-line rent per occupied square foot (1)$6.40 $6.41 $(0.01)Average straight-line rent per occupied square foot (1)$6.45 $6.40 $0.05 
 
(1)Includes minimum base rents, net of abatements and lease incentives and excluding lease termination revenue, on a straight-line basis for the periods set forth above.

Our Same Properties pool consisted of 161176 properties, comprising 84.7%92.4% of our office and data center shell portfolio’s square footage as of March 31, 2021.2022. This pool of properties changed from the pool used for purposes of comparing 20202021 and 20192020 in our 20202021 Annual Report on Form 10-K due to the addition of eightnine properties placed in service and 100% operational
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on or before January 1, 20202021 and nineeight properties owned through an unconsolidated real estate joint venture that was formed in 2019.2020.

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Regarding the changes in NOI from real estate operations reported above:

our Same Properties pool reflects a net decrease due primarily to increased operating expenses (net of related recoveries) due mostly to higher snow removal costs, as well as lower parking revenue attributable primarily to the pandemic, partially offset by higher lease termination fees;
developed and redeveloped properties placed in service reflects the effect of 1310 properties placed in service in 20202021 and 2021;2022; and
dispositions, net of retained interest in newly-formed UJVUJVs reflects the effect of our decreasesale of a 90% interest in ownership of eighttwo data center shells occurring in 2020.2021.

NOI from Service Operations
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020Variance20222021Variance
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Construction contract and other service revenuesConstruction contract and other service revenues$16,558 $13,681 $2,877 Construction contract and other service revenues$53,200 $16,558 $36,642 
Construction contract and other service expensesConstruction contract and other service expenses(15,793)(13,121)(2,672)Construction contract and other service expenses(51,650)(15,793)(35,857)
NOI from service operationsNOI from service operations$765 $560 $205 NOI from service operations$1,550 $765 $785 

Construction contract and other service revenuerevenues and expenses increased due primarily to a higher volume of construction activity in connection with several of our tenants. Construction contract activity is inherently subject to significant variability depending on the volume and nature of projects undertaken by us primarily on behalf of tenants. Service operations are an ancillary component of our overall operations that typically contribute an insignificant amount of income relative to our real estate operations.

Interest expense

Interest expense decreased due to lower weighted average interest rates in the current period resulting primarily from debt refinancings that we completed in 2021.

Loss on extinguishment of debt

The loss on early extinguishment of debt recognized in the currentprior period was attributable to our purchase of 3.60% Notes and 5.25% Notesunsecured senior notes pursuant to tender offers.

Discontinued operations

Discontinued operations includes our wholesale data center, which we sold on January 25, 2022.

Funds from Operations
 
Funds from operations (“FFO”) is defined as net income computed using GAAP, excluding gains on sales and impairment losses of real estate (net of associated income tax) and real estate-related depreciation and amortization. FFO also includes adjustments to net income for the effects of the items noted above pertaining to UJVs that were allocable to our ownership interest in the UJVs. We believe that we use the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“Nareit”) definition of FFO, although others may interpret the definition differently and, accordingly, our presentation of FFO may differ from those of other REITs.  We believe that FFO is useful to management and investors as a supplemental measure of operating performance because, by excluding gains on sales and impairment losses of real estate and investments in unconsolidated real estate joint ventures (net of associated income tax), and real estate-related depreciation and amortization, FFO can help one compare our operating performance between periods.  In addition, since most equity REITs provide FFO information to the investment community, we believe that FFO is useful to investors as a supplemental measure for comparing our results to those of other equity REITs.  We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to FFO.
 
Since FFO excludes certain items includable in net income, reliance on the measure has limitations; management compensates for these limitations by using the measure simply as a supplemental measure that is weighed in balance with other GAAP and non-GAAP measures. FFO is not necessarily an indication of our cash flow available to fund cash needs.  Additionally, it should not be used as an alternative to net income when evaluating our financial performance or to cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities when evaluating our liquidity or ability to make cash distributions or pay debt service.
 
Basic FFO available to common share and common unit holders (“Basic FFO”) is FFO adjusted to subtract (1) preferred share dividends, (2) income attributable to noncontrolling interests through ownership of preferred units in the Operating Partnership or interests in other consolidated entities not owned by us, (3) depreciation and amortization allocable to noncontrolling interests in other consolidated entities and (4) Basic FFO allocable to share-based compensation awards.  With these adjustments, Basic FFO represents FFO available to common shareholders and common unitholders.  Common units in
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the Operating Partnership are substantially similar to our common shares and are exchangeable into common shares, subject to certain conditions.  We believe that Basic FFO is useful to investors due to the close correlation of common units to common shares.  We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to Basic FFO.  Basic FFO has essentially
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the same limitations as FFO; management compensates for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for FFO.
 
Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders (“Diluted FFO”) is Basic FFO adjusted to add back any changes in Basic FFO that would result from the assumed conversion of securities that are convertible or exchangeable into common shares.  We believe that Diluted FFO is useful to investors because it is the numerator used to compute Diluted FFO per share, discussed below.  We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to Diluted FFO.  Since Diluted FFO excludes certain items includable in the numerator to diluted EPS, reliance on the measure has limitations; management compensates for these limitations by using the measure simply as a supplemental measure that is weighed in the balance with other GAAP and non-GAAP measures.  Diluted FFO is not necessarily an indication of our cash flow available to fund cash needs.  Additionally, it should not be used as an alternative to net income when evaluating our financial performance or to cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities when evaluating our liquidity or ability to make cash distributions or pay debt service.
 
Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders, as adjusted for comparability is defined as Diluted FFO adjusted to exclude: operating property acquisition costs; gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt; FFO associated with properties securing non-recourse debt on which we have defaulted and which we have extinguished, or expect to extinguish, via conveyance of such properties, including property NOI, interest expense and gains on debt extinguishment (discussed further below); loss on interest rate derivatives; demolition costs on redevelopment and nonrecurring improvements; executive transition costs; issuance costs associated with redeemed preferred shares; allocations of FFO to holders onof noncontrolling interests resulting from capital events; and certain other expenses that we believe are not closely correlated with our operating performance.  This measure also includes adjustments for the effects of the items noted above pertaining to UJVs that were allocable to our ownership interest in the UJVs. We believe this to be a useful supplemental measure alongside Diluted FFO as it excludes gains and losses from certain investing and financing activities and certain other items that we believe are not closely correlated to (or associated with) our operating performance. We believe that net income is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to this non-GAAP measure.  This measure has essentially the same limitations as Diluted FFO, as well as the further limitation of not reflecting the effects of the excluded items; we compensate for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for Diluted FFO.
 
Diluted FFO per share is (1) Diluted FFO divided by (2) the sum of the (a) weighted average common shares outstanding during a period, (b) weighted average common units outstanding during a period and (c) weighted average number of potential additional common shares that would have been outstanding during a period if other securities that are convertible or exchangeable into common shares were converted or exchanged.  We believe that Diluted FFO per share is useful to investors because it provides investors with a further context for evaluating our FFO results in the same manner that investors use earnings per share (“EPS”) in evaluating net income available to common shareholders.  In addition, since most equity REITs provide Diluted FFO per share information to the investment community, we believe that Diluted FFO per share is a useful supplemental measure for comparing us to other equity REITs. We believe that diluted EPS is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to Diluted FFO per share. Diluted FFO per share has most of the same limitations as Diluted FFO (described above); management compensates for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for Diluted FFO.
 
Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability is (1) Diluted FFO, as adjusted for comparability divided by (2) the sum of the (a) weighted average common shares outstanding during a period, (b) weighted average common units outstanding during a period and (c) weighted average number of potential additional common shares that would have been outstanding during a period if other securities that are convertible or exchangeable into common shares were converted or exchanged.  We believe that this measure is useful to investors because it provides investors with a further context for evaluating our FFO results.  We believe this to be a useful supplemental measure alongside Diluted FFO per share as it excludes gains and losses from certain investing and financing activities and certain other items that we believe are not closely correlated to (or associated with) our operating performance. We believe that diluted EPS is the most directly comparable GAAP measure to this per share measure.  This measure has most of the same limitations as Diluted FFO (described above) as well as the further limitation of not reflecting the effects of the excluded items; we compensate for these limitations in essentially the same manner as described above for Diluted FFO.
 
The computations for all of the above measures on a diluted basis assume the conversion of common units in COPLP but do not assume the conversion of other securities that are convertible into common shares if the conversion of those securities would increase per share measures in a given period.

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The table below sets forth the computation of the above stated measures, and provides reconciliations to ourthe GAAP measures associated with such measures:
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
(Dollars and shares in thousands, 
except per share data)
(Dollars and shares in thousands, except per share data)
Net (loss) income$(6,079)$25,550 
Net income (loss)Net income (loss)$60,824 $(6,079)
Real estate-related depreciation and amortizationReal estate-related depreciation and amortization37,321 32,596 Real estate-related depreciation and amortization34,264 37,321 
Depreciation and amortization on UJV allocable to COPT454 818 
Depreciation and amortization on UJVs allocable to COPTDepreciation and amortization on UJVs allocable to COPT526 454 
Gain on sales of real estateGain on sales of real estate490 (5)Gain on sales of real estate(28,579)490 
FFOFFO32,186 58,959 FFO67,035 32,186 
FFO allocable to other noncontrolling interestsFFO allocable to other noncontrolling interests(1,027)(12,015)FFO allocable to other noncontrolling interests(1,042)(1,027)
Basic FFO allocable to share-based compensation awardsBasic FFO allocable to share-based compensation awards(162)(193)Basic FFO allocable to share-based compensation awards(362)(162)
Noncontrolling interests-preferred units in the Operating Partnership— (77)
Basic FFO available to common share and common unit holdersBasic FFO available to common share and common unit holders30,997 46,674 Basic FFO available to common share and common unit holders65,631 30,997 
Redeemable noncontrolling interestsRedeemable noncontrolling interests— 32 Redeemable noncontrolling interests(6)— 
Diluted FFO adjustments allocable to share-based compensation awardsDiluted FFO adjustments allocable to share-based compensation awards27 — 
Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holdersDiluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders30,997 46,706 Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders65,652 30,997 
Loss on early extinguishment of debtLoss on early extinguishment of debt342 33,166 
Diluted FFO comparability adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interestsDiluted FFO comparability adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests458 — Diluted FFO comparability adjustments for redeemable noncontrolling interests— 458 
Diluted FFO comparability adjustments allocable to share-based compensation awardsDiluted FFO comparability adjustments allocable to share-based compensation awards(167)(50)Diluted FFO comparability adjustments allocable to share-based compensation awards(2)(167)
Loss on early extinguishment of debt33,166 — 
Demolition costs on redevelopment and nonrecurring improvements— 43 
Dilutive preferred units in the Operating Partnership— 77 
FFO allocation to other noncontrolling interests resulting from capital event— 11,090 
Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders, as adjusted for comparabilityDiluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders, as adjusted for comparability$64,454 $57,866 Diluted FFO available to common share and common unit holders, as adjusted for comparability$65,992 $64,454 
Weighted average common sharesWeighted average common shares111,888 111,724 Weighted average common shares112,020 111,888 
Conversion of weighted average common unitsConversion of weighted average common units1,246 1,226 Conversion of weighted average common units1,384 1,246 
Weighted average common shares/units - Basic FFO per shareWeighted average common shares/units - Basic FFO per share113,134 112,950 Weighted average common shares/units - Basic FFO per share113,404 113,134 
Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awardsDilutive effect of share-based compensation awards261 239 Dilutive effect of share-based compensation awards426 261 
Redeemable noncontrolling interestsRedeemable noncontrolling interests— 110 Redeemable noncontrolling interests132 — 
Weighted average common shares/units - Diluted FFO per shareWeighted average common shares/units - Diluted FFO per share113,395 113,299 Weighted average common shares/units - Diluted FFO per share113,962 113,395 
Redeemable noncontrolling interestsRedeemable noncontrolling interests940 — Redeemable noncontrolling interests— 940 
Dilutive convertible preferred units— 176 
Weighted average common shares/units - Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparabilityWeighted average common shares/units - Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability114,335 113,475 Weighted average common shares/units - Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability113,962 114,335 
Diluted FFO per shareDiluted FFO per share$0.27 $0.41 Diluted FFO per share$0.58 $0.27 
Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparabilityDiluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability$0.56 $0.51 Diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability$0.58 $0.56 
Denominator for diluted EPSDenominator for diluted EPS111,888 111,963 Denominator for diluted EPS112,578 111,888 
Weighted average common unitsWeighted average common units1,246 1,226 Weighted average common units1,384 1,246 
Redeemable noncontrolling interests— 110 
Anti-dilutive EPS effect of share-based compensation awardsAnti-dilutive EPS effect of share-based compensation awards261 — Anti-dilutive EPS effect of share-based compensation awards— 261 
Denominator for diluted FFO per shareDenominator for diluted FFO per share113,395 113,299 Denominator for diluted FFO per share113,962 113,395 
Redeemable noncontrolling interestsRedeemable noncontrolling interests940 — Redeemable noncontrolling interests— 940 
Dilutive convertible preferred units— 176 
Denominator for diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparabilityDenominator for diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability114,335 113,475 Denominator for diluted FFO per share, as adjusted for comparability113,962 114,335 

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Property Additions
 
The table below sets forth the major components of our additions to properties for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 (in thousands):
Development$40,04163,997 
Tenant improvements on operating properties (1)5,8436,824 
Capital improvements on operating properties3,6276,832 
 $49,51177,653 

(1)Tenant improvement costs incurred on newly-developed properties are classified in this table as development and redevelopment.
 
Cash Flows
 
Net cash flow from operating activities decreased $21.5increased $12.0 million when comparing the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 20202021 due primarily to: increased cash paid forto a decrease in interest expense due topaid resulting from debt refinancings completed in 2021 that affected the timing of our purchase of 3.60% Notesinterest payments on unsecured senior notes and 5.25% Notes, at which time accrued interest was paid; increased cash paid for property operating expenses resulting primarily from higher snow removal costs inreduced the current period and the growth of our property portfolio; and the timing of cash flow from third-party construction projects. While our property portfolio was larger in the current period, our revenues received from real estate operations did not change significantly due primarily to delayed lease payments (most of which were subsequently received) from the USG at several properties and scheduled free rent periods for certain leasesborrowing rates on newly-developed properties and renewals of existing space.such notes.
 
Net cash flow used inprovided by investing activities decreased $41.6increased $177.0 million when comparing the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 20202021 due primarily to decreased$220.8 million in proceeds from properties sold in the current period (including our wholesale data center), partially offset by a $34.4 million increase in cash outlays for development and redevelopment of properties and for tenant improvements on operating properties.in the current period.
 
Net cash flow used in financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $150.4 million, and included the following:

net repayments of debt borrowings during the period of $116.8 million; and
dividends to common shareholders of $30.9 million.

Net cash flow provided by financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $50.4 million, and included the following:

net proceeds from debt borrowings of $87.9 million, which included the net increase from our issuance of the 2.75% Notes and the purchase of the 3.60% Notes and 5.25% Notes (and related early extinguishment costs); offset in part by
dividends to common shareholders of $30.9 million.

Net cash flow provided by financing activities in the three months ended March 31, 2020 was $197.0 million, and included the following:

net proceeds from debt borrowings of $245.6 million; offset in part by
dividends to common shareholders of $30.8 million.

Supplemental Guarantor Information

As of March 31, 2021,2022, COPLP had several series of unsecured senior notes outstanding that were issued in transactions registered with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. These notes are COPLP’s direct, senior unsecured and unsubordinated obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of COPLP’s existing and future senior unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. However, these notes are effectively subordinated in right of payment to COPLP’s existing and future secured indebtedness. The notes are also effectively subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future liabilities and other indebtedness, whether secured or unsecured, of COPLP's subsidiaries. COPT fully and unconditionally guarantees COPLP’s obligations under these notes. COPT’s guarantees of these notes are senior unsecured obligations that rank equally in right of payment with other senior unsecured obligations of, or guarantees by, COPT. COPT itself does not hold any indebtedness, and its only material asset is its investment in COPLP.

In March 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to Rule 3-10 of Regulation S-X and adopted Rule 13-01 of Regulation S-X to simplify disclosure requirements related to certain registered securities that became effective on January 4, 2021. As a result of these amendments, subsidiary issuers of obligations guaranteed by the parent are not required to provide separate financial statements, provided that the subsidiary obligor is consolidated into the parent company’s consolidated financial statements, the parent guarantee is “full and unconditional” and the alternative disclosure required by Rule 13-01 is provided, which includes narrative disclosure and, subject to certain exceptions, summarized financial information. Accordingly, we no longer present separate consolidated financial statements for the Operating Partnership. Furthermore, as permitted under Rule 13-01(a)(4)(vi),
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we have excludeddo not provide summarized financial information for the Operating Partnership since: the assets, liabilities, and results of operations of the Company and the Operating Partnership are not materially different than the corresponding amounts presented in the consolidated financial statements of the Company; and we believe that inclusion of such summarized financial information would be repetitive and not provide incremental value to investors.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Our primary cash requirements are for operating expenses, debt service, development of new properties, improvements to existing properties and dividends to our shareholders.  We expect to continue to use cash flow provided by operations as the primary source to meet our short-term capital needs, including property operating expenses, general and administrative expenses, interest expense, scheduled principal amortization of debt, dividends to our shareholders, distributions to COPLP’s unitholders and improvements to existing properties.  As of March 31, 2021,2022, we had $36.1$19.3 million in cash and cash equivalents.
 
We have a Revolving Credit Facility with an aggregate commitment by the lenders of $800.0 million, with the ability for us to increase such commitment to $1.25 billion, provided that there is no default under the facility and subject to the approval of the lenders. We use this facility to initially fund much of the cash requirements from our investing activities, including property development/redevelopment costs, as well as certain debt balloon payments due upon maturity.  We then subsequently pay down the facility using cash available from operations and proceeds from long-term borrowings, equity issuances and sales of interests in properties. The facility matures in March 2023, and may be extended by two six-month periods at our option, provided that there is no default under the facility and we pay an extension fee of 0.075% of the total availability under the facility
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for each extension period. As of March 31, 2022, the maximum borrowing capacity under this facility totaled $800.0 million, of which $640.0 million was available.

Our senior unsecured debt is currently rated investment grade by the three major rating agencies. We aim to maintain an investment grade rating to enable us to use debt comprised of unsecured, primarily fixed-rate debt (including the effect of interest rate swaps) from public markets and banks. We also use secured nonrecourse debt from institutional lenders and banks primarily for joint venture financings. In addition, we periodically raise equity when we access the public equity markets by issuing common and/orshares and, to a lesser extent, preferred shares.
 
We use our Revolving Credit Facility to initially finance much of our investing activities.  We subsequently pay down the facility using cash available from operations and proceeds from long-term borrowings, equity issuances and sales of interests in properties.  The lenders’ aggregate commitment under the facility is $800.0 million, with the ability for us to increase the lenders’ aggregate commitment to $1.25 billion, provided that there is no default under the facility and subject to the approval of the lenders. The facility matures in March 2023, and may be extended by two six-month periods at our option, provided that there is no default under the facility and we pay an extension fee of 0.075% of the total availability under the facility for each extension period. As of March 31, 2021, the maximum borrowing capacity under this facility totaled $800.0 million, all of which was available.

We have a program in place under which we may offer and sell common shares in at-the-market stock offerings having an aggregate gross sales price of up to $300 million. Under this program, we may also, at our discretion, sell common shares under forward equity sales agreements. The use of a forward equity sales agreement would enable us to lock in a price on a sale of common shares when the agreement is executed but defer issuing the shares and receiving the sale proceeds from the sale until a later date.

We believe that our liquidity and capital resources are adequate for our near-term and longer-term requirements without necessitating property sales. However, we may dispose of interests in properties opportunistically or when market conditions otherwise warrant. In addition, we believe that we have the ability to raise additional equity by selling interests in data center shells through joint ventures.

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Our material cash requirements, including contractual and other obligations, as of March 31, 2021 included the following (in thousands):
 For the Periods Ending December 31, 
 20212022202320242025ThereafterTotal
Contractual obligations (1)       
Debt (2)       
Balloon payments due upon maturity$269,961 $487,022 $63,578 $27,649 $322,100 $1,045,623 $2,215,933 
Scheduled principal payments (3)2,993 4,498 3,552 2,334 1,617 677 15,671 
Interest on debt (3)(4)40,531 52,476 44,746 43,018 34,670 89,853 305,294 
Development and redevelopment obligations (5)(6)114,925 6,304 356 — — — 121,585 
Third-party construction cost obligations (6)(7)26,430 — — — — — 26,430 
Tenant and other building improvements (3)(6)23,099 24,898 8,263 — — — 56,260 
Property finance leases (principal and interest) (3)14 14 — — — — 28 
Property operating leases (3)2,408 3,297 3,352 3,403 1,749 123,979 138,188 
Total contractual cash obligations$480,361 $578,509 $123,847 $76,404 $360,136 $1,260,132 $2,879,389 
include:

(1)The contractualproperty operating expenses, including future lease obligations set forth in this table exclude contracts for property operations and certain other contracts entered into in the normal course of business. Also excluded are accruals and payables incurred and interest rate derivative liabilities, which are reflected in our reported liabilities (although debt and lease liabilities are included on the table).from us as a lessee;
(2)Represents scheduled principal amortizationconstruction contract expenses;
general and administrative expenses;
debt service, including interest expense;
property development/redevelopment costs;
tenant and capital improvements and leasing costs for operating properties (expected to total approximately $70 million during the remainder of 2022);
debt balloon payments due upon maturity; and maturities only and therefore excludes net debt discounts and deferred financing costs of $23.7 million. Maturities included $270.0 million in 2021 pertaining
dividends to our remaining 3.60% Notes and 5.25% Notes that were redeemed on April 12, 2021 using borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility.
(3)We expect to pay these items using cash flow from operations.
(4)Represents interest costs for our outstanding debt as of March 31, 2021 for the terms of such debt.  For variable rate debt, the amounts reflected above used March 31, 2021 interest rates on variable rate debt in computing interest costs for the terms of such debt. We expect to pay these items using cash flow from operations.
(5)Represents contractual obligations pertaining to new development and redevelopment activities.
(6)Due to the long-term nature of certain development and construction contracts and leases included in these lines, the amounts reported in the table represent our estimate of the timing for the related obligations being payable.
(7)Represents contractual obligations pertaining to projects for which we are acting as construction manager on behalf of unrelated parties who are our clients.  We expect to be reimbursed in full for these costs by our clients.shareholders.

We expect to spend approximately $225 million on development costs and approximately $75 million on improvements and leasing costs for operating properties (including the commitments set forth in the table above)use cash flow from operations during the remainder of 2021.  We2022 and annually thereafter for the foreseeable future to fund all of these cash requirements except for property development/redevelopment costs and debt balloon payments due upon maturity.

During the remainder of 2022, we expect to spend approximately $230 million on development/redevelopment costs, most of which was contractually obligated as of March 31, 2022; we expect to fund these cash requirements using, in part, any available remaining cash flow from operations, with the development costs initiallybalance funded primarily using primarily borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility.  WeFacility, at least initially. As of March 31, 2022, we had $100 million in debt balloon payments due in December 2022 that we expect to repay using borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility or proceeds from new long-term debt borrowings. As we use our Revolving Credit Facility to fund improvementsdevelopment/redevelopment costs and debt balloon payments, we intend to existing operatingfree up borrowing capacity by paying it down using proceeds from sales of interests in data center shells, property sales, new long-term debt borrowings and/or issuing common shares.

Beyond 2022, we expect to continue to actively develop and redevelop properties and fund using, in part, any available remaining cash flow from operating activities.operations, with most of the balance funded initially using borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility.

We provide disclosure in our consolidated financial statements on our future lessee obligations (expected to be funded primarily by cash flow from operations) in Note 5 and future debt obligations (expected to be refinanced by new debt borrowings or funded by future equity issuances and/or sales of interests in properties) in Note 9.

Certain of our debt instruments require that we comply with a number of restrictive financial covenants, including maximum leverage ratio, unencumbered leverage ratio, minimum net worth, minimum fixed charge coverage, minimum unencumbered interest coverage ratio, minimum debt service and maximum secured indebtedness ratio.  As of March 31, 2021,2022, we were compliant with these covenants.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 We had no material off-balance sheet arrangements during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Inflation
Most of our tenants are obligated to pay their share of a property’s operating expenses to the extent such expenses exceed amounts established in their leases, which are based on historical expense levels.  Some of our tenants are obligated to pay their full share of a building’s operating expenses.  These arrangements somewhat reduce our exposure to increases in such costs resulting from inflation.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements for information regarding recent accounting pronouncements.

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Item 3.          Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
We are exposed to certain market risks, one of the most predominant of which is a change in interest rates.  Increases in interest rates can result in increased interest expense under our Revolving Credit Facility and other variable rate debt.  Increases in interest rates can also result in increased interest expense when our fixed rate debt matures and needs to be refinanced.
 
The following table sets forth as of March 31, 20212022 our debt obligations and weighted average interest rates on debt maturing each year (dollars in thousands):
 For the Periods Ending December 31, 
 20212022202320242025ThereafterTotal
Debt:      
Fixed rate debt (1)$272,874 $4,033 $66,590 $29,443 $301,302 $1,036,140 $1,710,382 
Weighted average interest rate4.24%3.98%4.22%4.42%4.99%2.59%3.38%
Variable rate debt$80 $487,487 $540 $540 $22,415 $10,160 $521,222 
Weighted average interest rate (2)1.57%1.36%1.62%1.62%1.66%1.57%1.38%

 For the Periods Ending December 31, 
 20222023202420252026ThereafterTotal
Debt:      
Fixed rate debt (1)$2,154 $18,413 $29,443 $1,302 $436,140 $1,400,000 $1,887,452 
Weighted average interest rate3.84%3.94%4.42%3.23%2.38%2.58%2.58%
Variable rate debt (2)$100,405 $160,540 $540 $22,415 $10,160 $— $294,060 
Weighted average interest rate (3)1.48%1.38%1.74%1.78%1.68%—%1.46%
(1)Represents principal maturities only and therefore excludes net discounts and deferred financing costs of $23.7$24.7 million. Maturities included $270.0 million in 2021 pertaining to our remaining 3.60% Notes and 5.25% Notes that were redeemed on April 12, 2021 using borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility.
(2)As of March 31, 2022, maturities in 2023 included $160.0 million that may be extended to 2024, subject to certain conditions.
(3)The amounts reflected above used interest rates as of March 31, 20212022 for variable rate debt.

The fair value of our debt was $2.2 billion as of March 31, 2021.2022.  If interest rates had been 1% lower, the fair value of our fixed-rate debt would have increased by approximately $89$130 million as of March 31, 2021.2022.
 
See Note 10 to our consolidated financial statements for information pertaining to interest rate swap contracts in place as of March 31, 20212022 and their respective fair values.

Based on our variable-rate debt balances, including the effect of interest rate swap contracts, our interest expense would have increased by $874,000$174,000 in the three months ended March 31, 20212022 if the applicable LIBOR rate was 1% higher.
 
Item 4.          Controls and Procedures

(a)Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2021.2022.  Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 20212022 were functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
(b)Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
No change in our internal control over financial reporting occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
PART II: OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.          Legal Proceedings
 
We are not currently involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any material litigation currently threatened against us (other than routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of business, substantially all of which is expected to be covered by liability insurance).
 
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Item 1A.  Risk Factors

 There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in our 20202021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Item 2.          Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
(a)During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we issued 8,054 common shares in exchange for 8,054 COPLP common units in accordance with COPLP’s Third Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement, as amended. The issuance of these common shares was effected in reliance upon the exemption from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.        Not applicable

(b)Not applicable

(c)Not applicable
 
Item 3.          Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
(a)Not applicable
 
(b)Not applicable
 
Item 4.          Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

Item 5.          Other Information

None.(a)    Not applicable
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(b)    Not applicable

Item 6.          Exhibits
 
(a)Exhibits:
 
EXHIBIT
NO.
 DESCRIPTION
 
 
 
 
101.INS XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document (filed herewith).
101.SCH Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document (filed herewith).
101.CAL Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document (filed herewith).
101.LAB Inline XBRL Extension Labels Linkbase (filed herewith).
101.PRE Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document (filed herewith).
101.DEF Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document (filed herewith).
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 CORPORATE OFFICE PROPERTIES TRUST
  
/s/ Stephen E. Budorick
Stephen E. Budorick
President and Chief Executive Officer
 
 
/s/ Anthony Mifsud
 Anthony Mifsud
 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Dated:May 3, 20219, 2022
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