UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 001-35636

ASGN Incorporated

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

95-4023433

(State of Incorporation)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

4400 Cox Road, Suite 110

Glen Allen, Virginia 23060

(Address, including zip code, of Principal Executive Offices)

(888) 482-8068

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of exchange on which registered

Common Stock

ASGN

NYSE

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

☐ Yes ☒ No

At October 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the total number of outstanding shares of the Common Stock of ASGN Incorporated (the "Company") ($0.01 par value) was ~~52.1~~49.9 million.

ASGN INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX


PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 — Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)			3

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets			3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income			4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity			5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows			6

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			7

Item 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			1413

Item 3 — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks			1917

Item 4 — Controls and Procedures			1918

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 — Legal Proceedings			19

Item 1A — Risk Factors			19

Item 2 — Unregistered Sales of Securities and Use of Proceeds			2019

Item 3 — Defaults Upon Senior Securities			2019

Item 4 — Mine Safety Disclosures			2019

Item 5 — Other Information			2019

Item 6 — Exhibits			2120

Signature			2221

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1 — Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

ASGN INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

(in millions, except share data)


		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Current assets:	Current assets:					Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	679.4	$	274.4	Cash and cash equivalents	$	211.2	$	529.6
Accounts receivable, net	Accounts receivable, net	697.7		602.8		Accounts receivable, net	877.9		708.2
Prepaid expenses and income taxes	Prepaid expenses and income taxes	10.9		22.5		Prepaid expenses and income taxes	15.3		41.2
Current assets of discontinued operations		—		77.4
Other current assets	Other current assets	34.2		17.3		Other current assets	15.6		30.4
Total current assets	Total current assets	1,422.2		994.4		Total current assets	1,120.0		1,309.4
Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net	52.1		54.9		Property and equipment, net	62.3		55.0
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Operating lease right-of-use assets	57.2		73.0		Operating lease right-of-use assets	55.4		57.1
Identifiable intangible assets, net	Identifiable intangible assets, net	509.9		469.9		Identifiable intangible assets, net	545.4		487.9
Goodwill	Goodwill	1,562.6		1,420.7		Goodwill	1,805.9		1,569.5
Non-current assets of discontinued operations		—		244.5
Other non-current assets	Other non-current assets	22.5		20.6		Other non-current assets	22.2		23.9
Total assets	Total assets	$	3,626.5	$	3,278.0	Total assets	$	3,611.2	$	3,502.8
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY					LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:	Current liabilities:					Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	$	32.0	$	38.3	Accounts payable	$	33.5	$	20.1
Accrued payroll and contract professional pay		312.1		238.5
Accrued payroll						Accrued payroll	329.2		305.5
Operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities	23.4		24.3		Operating lease liabilities	23.5		23.3
Income taxes payable		130.2		—
Current liabilities of discontinued operations		—		39.7

Other current liabilities	Other current liabilities	93.3		75.4		Other current liabilities	106.1		102.0
Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	591.0		416.2		Total current liabilities	492.3		450.9
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	1,033.5		1,033.4		Long-term debt	1,080.8		1,033.9
Operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities	39.6		55.4		Operating lease liabilities	37.2		40.2
Deferred income tax liabilities	Deferred income tax liabilities	66.0		108.5		Deferred income tax liabilities	98.2		89.0
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations		—		11.5
Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	62.0		65.9		Other long-term liabilities	13.6		23.4
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	1,792.1		1,690.9		Total liabilities	1,722.1		1,637.4
Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)		0		0
Commitments and contingencies						Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity:	Stockholders’ equity:					Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 1.0 million shares authorized; no shares issued	Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 1.0 million shares authorized; no shares issued	—		—		Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 1.0 million shares authorized; no shares issued	—		—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 75.0 million shares authorized; 52.3 million and 52.9 million shares outstanding at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively		0.5		0.5
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 75.0 million shares authorized; 50.0 million and 51.8 million shares outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively						Common stock, $0.01 par value; 75.0 million shares authorized; 50.0 million and 51.8 million shares outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	0.5		0.5
Paid-in capital	Paid-in capital	688.7		661.3		Paid-in capital	702.7		690.8
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	1,145.5		926.3		Retained earnings	1,190.1		1,174.4
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(0.3)		(1.0)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(4.2)		(0.3)
Total stockholders’ equity	Total stockholders’ equity	1,834.4		1,587.1		Total stockholders’ equity	1,889.1		1,865.4
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,626.5	$	3,278.0	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,611.2	$	3,502.8

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

ASGN INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

(in millions, except per share data)


		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended					Three Months Ended							Nine Months Ended
		September 30,				September 30,				September 30,					September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020				2022			2021				2022			2021
Revenues	Revenues	$	1,073.8	$	904.4	$	2,955.7	$	2,601.7			Revenues	$	1,197.9		$	1,073.8			$	3,430.7		$	2,955.7
Costs of services	Costs of services	765.1		668.1		2,127.0		1,895.3				Costs of services	839.0			765.1				2,401.2			2,127.0
Gross profit	Gross profit	308.7		236.3		828.7		706.4				Gross profit	358.9			308.7				1,029.5			828.7
Selling, general and administrative expenses	Selling, general and administrative expenses	192.7		150.1		533.4		462.0				Selling, general and administrative expenses	232.6			192.7				665.1			533.4
Amortization of intangible assets	Amortization of intangible assets	15.9		12.7		39.9		37.1				Amortization of intangible assets	17.9			15.9				45.3			39.9
Operating income	Operating income	100.1		73.5		255.4		207.3				Operating income	108.4			100.1				319.1			255.4
Interest expense	Interest expense	(9.6)		(9.3)		(28.2)		(30.4)				Interest expense	(12.1)			(9.6)				(31.5)			(28.2)
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	90.5		64.2		227.2		176.9				Income before income taxes	96.3			90.5				287.6			227.2
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	24.2		17.5		60.8		47.6				Provision for income taxes	25.2			24.2				76.3			60.8
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes		66.3		46.7		166.4		129.3
Income from continuing operations												Income from continuing operations	71.1			66.3				211.3			166.4

Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	145.7		5.6		158.5		15.6				Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	2.1			145.7				1.2			158.5
Net income	Net income	$	212.0	$	52.3	$	324.9	$	144.9			Net income	$	73.2		$	212.0			$	212.5		$	324.9

Earnings per share:	Earnings per share:											Earnings per share:
Basic —	Basic —											Basic —
Continuing operations	Continuing operations	$	1.26	$	0.89	$	3.14	$	2.46			Continuing operations	$	1.42		$	1.26			$	4.15		$	3.14
Discontinued operations	Discontinued operations	2.76		0.11		2.99		0.29				Discontinued operations	0.04			2.76				0.02			2.99
		$	4.02	$	1.00	$	6.13	$	2.75				$	1.46		$	4.02			$	4.17		$	6.13
Diluted —	Diluted —											Diluted —
Continuing operations	Continuing operations	$	1.24	$	0.88	$	3.10	$	2.44			Continuing operations	$	1.40		$	1.24			$	4.09		$	3.10
Discontinued operations	Discontinued operations	2.73		0.11		2.95		0.29				Discontinued operations	0.04			2.73				0.02			2.95
		$	3.97	$	0.99	$	6.05	$	2.73				$	1.44		$	3.97			$	4.11		$	6.05

Shares and share equivalents used to calculate earnings per share:	Shares and share equivalents used to calculate earnings per share:											Shares and share equivalents used to calculate earnings per share:
Basic	Basic	52.7		52.5		53.0		52.6				Basic	50.1			52.7				50.9			53.0
Diluted	Diluted	53.4		53.0		53.7		53.1				Diluted	50.7			53.4				51.6			53.7

Reconciliation of net income to comprehensive income:	Reconciliation of net income to comprehensive income:											Reconciliation of net income to comprehensive income:
Net income	Net income	$	212.0	$	52.3	$	324.9	$	144.9			Net income	$	73.2		$	212.0			$	212.5		$	324.9
Foreign currency translation adjustment	Foreign currency translation adjustment	2.6		3.0		0.7		2.1				Foreign currency translation adjustment	(2.2)			2.6				(3.9)			0.7
Comprehensive income	Comprehensive income	$	214.6	$	55.3	$	325.6	$	147.0			Comprehensive income	$	71.0		$	214.6			$	208.6		$	325.6

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

ASGN INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

(in millions)

Common Stock Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Other Total
Shares Par Value
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance at June 30, 2021 53.2 $ 0.5 $ 683.0 $ 1,039.2 $ (2.9) $ 1,719.8
Issuances under equity plans 0.1 — 6.6 — — 6.6
Stock-based compensation expense — — 20.5 — — 20.5
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting 0.2 — (6.7) — — (6.7)
Stock repurchase and retirement of shares (1.2) — (14.7) (105.7) — (120.4)
Foreign currency translation adjustments — — — — 2.6 2.6
Net income — — — 212.0 — 212.0
Balance at September 30, 2021 52.3 $ 0.5 $ 688.7 $ 1,145.5 $ (0.3) $ 1,834.4
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance at June 30, 2020 52.5 $ 0.5 $ 645.9 $ 818.6 $ (7.9) $ 1,457.1
Issuances under equity plans 0.3 — 5.8 — — 5.8
Stock-based compensation expense — — 7.1 — — 7.1
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting — — (1.1) — — (1.1)
Foreign currency translation adjustments — — — — 3.0 3.0
Net income — — — 52.3 — 52.3
Balance at September 30, 2020 52.8 $ 0.5 $ 657.7 $ 870.9 $ (4.9) $ 1,524.2
Common Stock Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Other Total
Shares Par Value
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance at December 31, 2020 52.9 $ 0.5 $ 661.3 $ 926.3 $ (1.0) $ 1,587.1
Issuances under equity plans 0.2 — 14.3 — — 14.3
Stock-based compensation expense — — 41.7 — — 41.7
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting 0.4 — (13.9) — — (13.9)
Stock repurchase and retirement of shares (1.2) — (14.7) (105.7) — (120.4)
Foreign currency translation adjustments — — — — 0.7 0.7
Net income — — — 324.9 — 324.9
Balance at September 30, 2021 52.3 $ 0.5 $ 688.7 $ 1,145.5 $ (0.3) $ 1,834.4
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance at December 31, 2019 52.9 $ 0.5 $ 638.0 $ 744.7 $ (7.0) $ 1,376.2
Issuances under equity plans 0.5 — 11.7 — — 11.7
Stock-based compensation expense — — 24.2 — — 24.2
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting 0.2 — (7.0) — — (7.0)
Stock repurchase and retirement of shares (0.8) — (9.2) (18.7) — (27.9)
Foreign currency translation adjustments — — — — 2.1 2.1
Net income — — — 144.9 — 144.9
Balance at September 30, 2020 52.8 $ 0.5 $ 657.7 $ 870.9 $ (4.9) $ 1,524.2


	Common Stock			Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Other		Total
	Shares	Par Value
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at June 30, 2022	50.4	$	0.5	$	692.1	$	1,165.5	$	(2.0)	$	1,856.1
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		11.9		—		—		11.9
Issuances under equity plans	0.2	—		8.5		—		—		8.5
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting	—	—		(1.6)		—		—		(1.6)
Stock repurchases and retirement of shares	(0.6)	—		(8.2)		(48.6)		—		(56.8)
Other	—	—		—		—		(2.2)		(2.2)
Net income	—	—		—		73.2		—		73.2
Balance at September 30, 2022	50.0	$	0.5	$	702.7	$	1,190.1	$	(4.2)	$	1,889.1

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance at June 30, 2021	53.2	$	0.5	$	683.0	$	1,039.2	$	(2.9)	$	1,719.8
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		20.5		—		—		20.5
Issuances under equity plans	0.1	—		6.6		—		—		6.6
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting	0.2	—		(6.7)		—		—		(6.7)
Stock repurchases and retirement of shares	(1.2)	—		(14.7)		(105.7)		—		(120.4)
Other	—	—		—		—		2.6		2.6
Net income	—	—		—		212.0		—		212.0
Balance at September 30, 2021	52.3	$	0.5	$	688.7	$	1,145.5	$	(0.3)	$	1,834.4

	Common Stock			Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Other		Total
	Shares	Par Value
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance at December 31, 2021	51.8	$	0.5	$	690.8	$	1,174.4	$	(0.3)	$	1,865.4
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		35.9		—		—		35.9
Issuances under equity plans	0.4	—		18.9		—		—		18.9
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting	—	—		(12.9)		—		—		(12.9)
Stock repurchase and retirement of shares	(2.2)	—		(30.0)		(196.8)		—		(226.8)
Other	—	—		—		—		(3.9)		(3.9)
Net income	—	—		—		212.5		—		212.5
Balance at September 30, 2022	50.0	$	0.5	$	702.7	$	1,190.1	$	(4.2)	$	1,889.1

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance at December 31, 2020	52.9	$	0.5	$	661.3	$	926.3	$	(1.0)	$	1,587.1
Stock-based compensation expense	—	—		41.7		—		—		41.7
Issuances under equity plans	0.2	—		14.3		—		—		14.3
Tax withholding on restricted stock vesting	0.4	—		(13.9)		—		—		(13.9)
Stock repurchase and retirement of shares	(1.2)	—		(14.7)		(105.7)		—		(120.4)
Other	—	—		—		—		0.7		0.7
Net income	—	—		—		324.9		—		324.9
Balance at September 30, 2021	52.3	$	0.5	$	688.7	$	1,145.5	$	(0.3)	$	1,834.4

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

ASGN INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

(in millions)


							Nine Months Ended
		Nine Months Ended September 30,					September 30,
		2021		2020			2022		2021
Cash Flows from Operating Activities	Cash Flows from Operating Activities					Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income	Net income	$	324.9	$	144.9	Net income	$	212.5	$	324.9
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:	Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:					Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Gain on sale of discontinued operations	Gain on sale of discontinued operations	(218.6)		—		Gain on sale of discontinued operations	—		(218.6)
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	67.5		65.6		Depreciation and amortization	64.8		67.5
Stock-based compensation	Stock-based compensation	41.7		23.9		Stock-based compensation	35.9		41.7
Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	(42.4)		—		Deferred income taxes	0.3		(42.4)
Other	Other	3.7		5.4		Other	6.5		3.7
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestiture:	Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestiture:					Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestiture:
Accounts receivable	Accounts receivable	(99.5)		(18.4)		Accounts receivable	(154.2)		(99.5)
Prepaid expenses and income taxes	Prepaid expenses and income taxes	12.6		19.2		Prepaid expenses and income taxes	26.4		12.6
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	(12.0)		13.3		Accounts payable	10.0		(12.0)
Accrued payroll and contract professional pay		75.3		27.9
Accrued payroll						Accrued payroll	20.0		75.3
Income taxes payable	Income taxes payable	130.6		0.8		Income taxes payable	15.1		130.6
Other	Other	(7.9)		55.2		Other	(4.8)		(7.9)
Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	275.9		337.8		Net cash provided by operating activities	232.5		275.9
Cash Flows from Investing Activities	Cash Flows from Investing Activities					Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Cash paid for property and equipment	Cash paid for property and equipment	(25.6)		(28.3)		Cash paid for property and equipment	(27.0)		(25.6)
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(224.4)		(151.5)		Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(351.8)		(224.4)
Cash received from sale of discontinued operations		499.1		—
Cash received from sale of the Oxford business						Cash received from sale of the Oxford business	9.8		499.1
Other	Other	0.1		(0.3)		Other	2.4		0.1
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	249.2		(180.1)		Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	(366.6)		249.2
Cash Flows from Financing Activities	Cash Flows from Financing Activities					Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from long-term debt		—		65.5
Principal payments of long-term debt		—		(65.5)

Proceeds from long term debt						Proceeds from long term debt	46.0		—
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan						Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	18.9		14.3
Repurchases of common stock						Repurchases of common stock	(227.6)		(118.4)
Payment of employment taxes related to release of restricted stock awards						Payment of employment taxes related to release of restricted stock awards	(12.9)		(13.9)
Payment of contingent consideration						Payment of contingent consideration	(8.1)		—
Debt issuance and amendment costs	Debt issuance and amendment costs	(1.4)		(1.2)		Debt issuance and amendment costs	—		(1.4)
Proceeds from option exercises and employee stock purchase plan		14.3		11.7
Payment of employment taxes related to release of restricted stock awards		(13.9)		(7.0)
Repurchase of common stock		(118.4)		(27.9)
Net cash used in financing activities	Net cash used in financing activities	(119.4)		(24.4)		Net cash used in financing activities	(183.7)		(119.4)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(0.7)		1.2		Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(0.6)		(0.7)
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents		405.0		134.5
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents						Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(318.4)		405.0

Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year		274.4		95.2
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period		$	679.4	$	229.7
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year						Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	529.6		274.4
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period						Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	211.2	$	679.4


Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information	Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information					Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Cash paid for —	Cash paid for —					Cash paid for —
Income taxes	Income taxes	$	39.6	$	40.7	Income taxes	$	33.4	$	39.6
Interest	Interest	$	20.1	$	22.4	Interest	$	23.6	$	20.1
Operating leases	Operating leases	$	25.3	$	25.0	Operating leases	$	20.4	$	25.3
Noncash transactions —						Noncash transactions —

Operating lease right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities						Operating lease right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	$	15.5	$	3.4

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

ASGN INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

1. General

Basis of presentation — The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") and the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to those rules and regulations. The December 31, ~~2020~~2021 balance sheet was derived from audited financial statements. The financial statements include adjustments consisting of normal recurring items, which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position of ASGN Incorporated and its subsidiaries ("ASGN" or the "Company") and its results of operations for the interim dates and periods set forth herein. The results for any of the interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any other period. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 ("~~2020~~2021 10-K").

2. Accounting Standards Update

~~Retrospective reclassifications have been made~~

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Accounting Standards Update 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805) Accounting for Acquired Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities, which requires an acquirer to ~~prior period~~recognize and measure contract assets and liabilities in a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, rather than adjust them to fair value at the acquisition date. The Company early adopted this standard and it had no impact on the condensed consolidated financial ~~statements and disclosures to present the Oxford Global Resources business unit ("Oxford business") as discontinued operations (see~~ ~~Note 2. Discontinued Operations).~~ Unless otherwise noted, amounts and disclosures included herein relate to our continuing operations. Certain reclassifications were also made to prior year amounts to conform with current year presentation.statements.

2.3. Acquisitions

On July 6, 2022, the Company acquired GlideFast Holdings, LLC and affiliated entities ("GlideFast"), a ServiceNow consulting company, for $351.8 million in cash. GlideFast is part of the Commercial Segment and its results of operations are included in the consolidated results of the Company from the date of its acquisition. The purchase accounting for this acquisition remains incomplete with respect to the provisional fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, as management continues to gather and evaluate information about circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. Measurement period adjustments will be recognized prospectively within 12 months from the date of acquisition. The preliminary fair value of the identifiable intangible assets related to this acquisition totaled $102.8 million, including a trademark of $30.2 million which has an indefinite life. Other acquired identifiable intangible assets have useful lives ranging from three to nine years.

In 2021, the Company acquired three consulting services businesses for $221.3 million in cash. These acquisitions increased the Company's investment in IT consulting in its Commercial and Federal Government segments. The fair values allocated to the assets and liabilities for these acquisitions have been finalized.

4. Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the activity related to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment since December 31, 2020 (in millions).


	Commercial		Federal Government		Total




Balance as of December 31, 2020	$	778.6	$	642.1	$	1,420.7
2021 acquisitions	51.1		94.8		145.9
Purchase price adjustments	—		3.3		3.3
Translation adjustment	(0.4)		—		(0.4)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	829.3		740.2		1,569.5
2022 acquisition	246.9		—		246.9
Purchase price adjustments	0.4		(8.5)		(8.1)
Translation adjustment	(2.4)		—		(2.4)


Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	1,074.2	$	731.7	$	1,805.9

Approximately $163.6 million and $127.2 million of the goodwill for the 2022 and 2021 acquisitions, respectively, is deductible for income tax purposes.

Acquired identifiable intangible assets consisted of the following (in millions):


		September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Estimated Useful Life in Years	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Customer and contractual relationships	7 - 13	$	555.9	$	299.7	$	256.2	$	493.9	$	260.2	$	233.7
Contractor relationships	4	—		—		—		45.5		45.5		—
Contract Backlog	1 - 3	34.8		33.8		1.0		34.8		31.0		3.8
Non-compete agreements	1 - 7	39.7		24.3		15.4		29.4		21.6		7.8

		630.4		357.8		272.6		603.6		358.3		245.3
Not subject to amortization:
Trademarks		272.8		—		272.8		242.6		—		242.6
Total		$	903.2	$	357.8	$	545.4	$	846.2	$	358.3	$	487.9

Estimated future amortization expense follows (in millions):


Remainder of 2022	$	17.8
2023	59.3
2024	49.8
2025	41.8
2026	35.4
Thereafter	68.5
	$	272.6

5. Discontinued Operations

On August 17, 2021, the Company sold its Oxford business to an affiliate of H.I.G. Capital for $525.0 million. ~~The gain on~~Included in the ~~sale~~nine months ended September 30, 2021, was a $218.6 million ($149.3 million net of income taxes)~~. Income taxes of $111.7 million on~~ gain from the ~~gain will be paid on December 15, 2021.~~sale. The ~~sale of the Oxford business allows for the redeployment of capital on acquisitions of businesses that enhance the Company's IT consulting capabilities and services.~~

~~As a result of the sale of the Oxford business, the~~ financial results of that business are reported as discontinued operations in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations.

There were no significant operating results from discontinued operations subsequent to December 31, 2021.The ~~Company's reporting segments were changed for~~following table summarizes the ~~effects~~results of operations of the ~~sale, as described in~~ ~~Note 9. Segment Reporting~~.Oxford business (in millions):


	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2021
Revenues	$	71.6	$	324.3
Costs of services	49.0		223.0
Gross profit	22.6		101.3
Selling, general and administrative expenses	27.5		89.9
Amortization of intangible assets	0.1		0.4


Income (loss) before income taxes	(5.0)		11.0
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	(1.4)		1.8

Gain on sale, net of income taxes	149.3		149.3
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	$	145.7	$	158.5

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company received $9.8 million related to the finalization of the purchase price. The following table ~~presents the major classes of assets and liabilities of~~provides select cash flow information related to the Oxford business ~~at December 31, 2020 in~~for the ~~accompanying balance sheets~~nine months ended September 30, 2021 (in millions).:

~~Accounts receivable, net~~

~~75.9~~

~~Prepaid expenses and income taxes~~

~~0.8~~

~~Other current assets~~

~~0.7~~

~~Property and equipment, net~~Net cash provided by operating activities

~~14.5~~$

8.2

~~Operating lease right-of-use assets~~Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

~~11.9~~

~~Identifiable intangible assets, net~~

~~18.0~~

~~Goodwill~~

~~197.7~~

~~Other non-current assets~~

~~2.4~~

~~Total assets~~ Cash received from sale of discontinued operations

499.1

Other

(3.9)

~~321.9~~495.2

~~Accounts payable~~

~~1.5~~

~~Accrued payroll and contract professional pay~~

~~27.5~~

~~Operating lease liabilities~~

~~5.1~~

~~Other current liabilities~~

~~5.6~~

~~Operating lease liabilities, long-term~~

~~7.5~~

~~Other long-term liabilities~~

~~4.0~~

~~Total liabilities of discontinued operations~~

~~51.2~~

~~The following table summarizes the results of operations of the Oxford business that are reported as discontinued operations (in millions).~~

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Revenues $ 71.6 $ 107.5 $ 324.3 $ 337.5
Costs of services 49.0 72.8 223.0 231.2
Gross profit 22.6 34.7 101.3 106.3
Selling, general and administrative expenses 27.5 27.1 89.9 85.2
Amortization of intangible assets 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.5
Income (loss) before income taxes (5.0) 7.4 11.0 20.6
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (1.4) 1.8 1.8 5.0
Gain on sale, net of income taxes 149.3 — 149.3 —
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes $ 145.7 $ 5.6 $ 158.5 $ 15.6

~~Select cash flow information related to the Oxford business follows (in millions):~~

Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2021 2020
Net cash provided by operating activities $ 8.2 $ 42.5
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
Cash received from sale of discontinued operations 499.1 —
Other (3.9) (4.2)
$ 495.2 $ (4.2)

~~3. Acquisitions~~

During the first nine months of 2021, the Company acquired three consulting services businesses for $221.3 million in cash and in 2020 acquired four consulting services businesses for $186.0 million in cash. These acquisitions include future contingent consideration of up to $34.0 million, of which $15.3 million is accrued at September 30, 2021. These acquisitions are part of the Company's strategy to acquire IT consulting businesses to position the Company as an industry-leading provider of IT services and solutions in the commercial and government end markets. None of these acquisitions were material individually or in the aggregate. At September 30, 2021, the Company had not finalized the determination of fair values allocated to the assets and liabilities for certain of these acquisitions.

~~4. Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets~~

~~The following table summarizes the activity related to the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment since December 31, 2019 (in millions). See~~ ~~Note~~ ~~9. Segment Reporting~~ ~~for more information on the change in the Company's reportable segments.~~

Commercial Federal Government Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019 $ 738.4 $ 552.9 $ 1,291.3
2020 acquisitions 40.3 89.2 129.5
Translation adjustment (0.1) — (0.1)
Balance as of December 31, 2020 778.6 642.1 1,420.7
2021 acquisitions 49.5 88.9 138.4
Purchase price adjustments — 3.5 3.5
Balance as of September 30, 2021 $ 828.1 $ 734.5 $ 1,562.6

~~___________________~~

~~Approximately $125.1 million and $77.1 million of the goodwill for the 2021 and 2020 acquisitions,respectively, is deductible for income tax purposes.~~

~~Acquired intangible assets consisted of the following (in millions):~~

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Estimated Useful Life in Years Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount
Customer and contractual relationships 7 - 13 $ 499.0 $ 246.5 $ 252.5 $ 428.0 $ 211.3 $ 216.7
Contractor relationships 4 45.5 45.5 — 45.5 45.3 0.2
Contract Backlog 1 - 3 35.4 29.9 5.5 29.3 28.5 0.8
Non-compete agreements 1 - 7 29.9 20.6 9.3 27.0 17.4 9.6
609.8 342.5 267.3 529.8 302.5 227.3
Not subject to amortization:
Trademarks 242.6 — 242.6 242.6 — 242.6
Total $ 852.4 $ 342.5 $ 509.9 $ 772.4 $ 302.5 $ 469.9

~~Estimated future amortization expense follows (in millions):~~

Remainder of 2021 $ 16.6
2022 55.6
2023 45.4
2024 35.9
2025 29.2
Thereafter 84.6
$ 267.3

5.6. Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following (in millions):


		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Senior Secured Credit Facility:	Senior Secured Credit Facility:					Senior Secured Credit Facility:
Borrowings under $250 million revolving credit facility, due 2024	Borrowings under $250 million revolving credit facility, due 2024	$	—	$	—	Borrowings under $250 million revolving credit facility, due 2024	$	46.0	$	—
Term B loan facility, due 2025	Term B loan facility, due 2025	490.8		490.8		Term B loan facility, due 2025	490.8		490.8

Unsecured Senior Notes, due 2028	Unsecured Senior Notes, due 2028	550.0		550.0		Unsecured Senior Notes, due 2028	550.0		550.0
		1,040.8		1,040.8			1,086.8		1,040.8
Unamortized deferred loan costs	Unamortized deferred loan costs	(7.3)		(7.4)		Unamortized deferred loan costs	(6.0)		(6.9)
		$	1,033.5	$	1,033.4		$	1,080.8	$	1,033.9

Senior Secured Credit Facility — The senior secured credit facility consists of a term B loan and a $250.0 million revolving credit facility. Borrowings under the term B loan bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.75 percent, or the bank’s base rate plus 0.75 percent. Borrowings under the revolver bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.25 to 2.25 percent, or the bank’s base rate plus 0.25 to 1.25 percent, depending on leverage levels. A commitment fee of 0.20 to 0.35 percent is payable on the undrawn portion of the revolver. There are no required minimum payments on the facility. The revolver is limited to a maximum ratio of senior secured debt to trailing 12-months of lender-defined consolidated EBITDA of 3.75 to ~~1.00,~~1, which was ~~1.08~~0.96 to ~~1.00~~1 at September 30, ~~2021. There are no required minimum payments on the facility.~~2022. The facility is secured by substantially all of the Company's assets and includes various restrictive covenants. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company was in compliance with its debt covenants. ~~The~~In July 2021, the Company amended its facility to, among other things, permit the sale of its Oxford business and allow the net cash proceeds (approximately $0.4 billion) to be used for future ~~acquisitions.~~acquisitions and other permitted investments. With the acquisition of GlideFast on July 6, 2022 (see Note 3. Acquisitions) and other investments of the net cash proceeds, no debt prepayments were required.

Unsecured Senior Notes — The Company has $550.0 million of unsecured senior notes, which bear interest at 4.625 percent payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15. These notes are unsecured obligations and are subordinate to the senior secured credit facility. These notes also contain certain customary limitations including, ~~among other terms and conditions,~~ the Company's ability to incur additional indebtedness, engage in mergers and acquisitions, transfer or sell assets and make certain distributions.

6.7. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is involved in various legal proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company does not believe that the disposition of matters that are pending or asserted will have a material effect on its financial statements.

7.8. Income Taxes

For interim reporting periods, the Company’s provision for income taxes is calculated using its annualized estimated effective tax rate for the year. This rate is based on its estimated full year income and the related income tax expense for each jurisdiction in which the Company operates. The effective tax rate can be affected by changes in the geographical mix, permanent differences and the estimate of full year pretax accounting income. This rate is adjusted for the effects of discrete items occurring in the period.

109

8.9. Earnings per Share

The following table shows the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share (in millions, except per share data).


		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
		September 30,				September 30,				September 30,				September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020				2022		2021		2022		2021
Income from continuing operations, net of income taxes		$	66.3	$	46.7	$	166.4	$	129.3
Income from continuing operations											Income from continuing operations	$	71.1	$	66.3	$	211.3	$	166.4
Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	145.7		5.6		158.5		15.6			Income from discontinued operations, net of income taxes	2.1		145.7		1.2		158.5
Net income	Net income	$	212.0	$	52.3	$	324.9	$	144.9		Net income	$	73.2	$	212.0	$	212.5	$	324.9

Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding - basic		52.7		52.5		53.0		52.6
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding — basic											Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding — basic	50.1		52.7		50.9		53.0
Dilutive effect of common share equivalents	Dilutive effect of common share equivalents	0.7		0.5		0.7		0.5			Dilutive effect of common share equivalents	0.6		0.7		0.7		0.7
Weighted-average number of common shares and share equivalents outstanding - diluted		53.4		53.0		53.7		53.1
Weighted-average number of common shares and share equivalents outstanding — diluted											Weighted-average number of common shares and share equivalents outstanding — diluted	50.7		53.4		51.6		53.7

Basic earnings per share:	Basic earnings per share:										Basic earnings per share:
Continuing operations	Continuing operations	$	1.26	$	0.89	$	3.14	$	2.46		Continuing operations	$	1.42	$	1.26	$	4.15	$	3.14
Discontinued operations	Discontinued operations	2.76		0.11		2.99		0.29			Discontinued operations	0.04		2.76		0.02		2.99
		$	4.02	$	1.00	$	6.13	$	2.75			$	1.46	$	4.02	$	4.17	$	6.13
Diluted earnings per share:	Diluted earnings per share:										Diluted earnings per share:
Continuing operations	Continuing operations	$	1.24	$	0.88	$	3.10	$	2.44		Continuing operations	$	1.40	$	1.24	$	4.09	$	3.10
Discontinued operations	Discontinued operations	2.73		0.11		2.95		0.29			Discontinued operations	0.04		2.73		0.02		2.95
		$	3.97	$	0.99	$	6.05	$	2.73			$	1.44	$	3.97	$	4.11	$	6.05

10. Segment Reporting

ASGN provides ~~information technology~~IT services and ~~professional services in the technology, digital~~solutions and creative ~~fields~~digital marketing services across the commercial and government sectors. ASGN operates through its Commercial and Federal Government segments. Virtually all of the Company's revenues are generated in the United States.

Prior to the divestiture of the Oxford business, the Company had three reportable segments: Apex, Oxford and ECS. As a result of the divestiture, the Oxford Segment is no longer a reportable segment, the Apex Segment was renamed the Commercial Segment and the ECS Segment was renamed the Federal Government Segment. The Company's CyberCoders division, which was previously part of the Oxford Segment, is now included in the Commercial Segment. All segment information included herein reflects these changes.

The Commercial Segment provides ~~assignment~~IT services and ~~consulting information technology,~~solutions, and creative digital ~~and creative~~marketing services to Fortune 1000 and mid-market clients across the United States, Canada and Europe. The Federal Government Segment delivers advanced solutions in cloud, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, machine learning, application and IT modernization, science and engineering to defense, intelligence and federal civilian agencies. Management evaluates the performance of each segment primarily based on revenues, gross profit and operating income ~~which is~~ derived directly from internal financial reporting of the segments used for corporate management purposes, which is presented below by segment (in millions):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Commercial
Revenues	$	900.0	$	774.9	$	2,583.5	$	2,136.7
Gross profit	297.8		251.1		852.1		678.1
Operating income	108.7		98.5		319.6		258.8
Depreciation	5.0		3.5		12.0		10.4
Amortization	9.9		7.3		21.1		18.6
Federal Government
Revenues	$	297.9	$	298.9	$	847.2	$	819.0
Gross profit	61.1		57.6		177.4		150.6
Operating income	23.0		23.3		66.4		56.8
Depreciation	1.3		2.3		4.2		6.8
Amortization	8.0		8.6		24.2		21.3
Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,197.9	$	1,073.8	$	3,430.7	$	2,955.7
Gross profit	358.9		308.7		1,029.5		828.7
Operating income	108.4		100.1		319.1		255.4
Depreciation	7.2		7.1		19.5		21.7
Amortization	17.9		15.9		45.3		39.9
_______
Consolidated operating income includes corporate operating expenses, which are not allocated to the segments. These include stock-based compensation expense, depreciation expense, compensation for corporate employees, acquisition, integration and strategic planning expenses and public company expenses.

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Commercial
Revenues $ 774.9 $ 615.8 $ 2,136.7 $ 1,860.7
Gross profit 251.1 190.4 678.1 579.6
Operating income 98.5 72.7 258.8 207.6
Depreciation 3.5 3.7 10.4 10.9
Amortization 7.3 5.7 18.6 16.5
Federal Government
Revenues $ 298.9 $ 288.6 $ 819.0 $ 741.0
Gross profit 57.6 45.9 150.6 126.8
Operating income 23.3 16.7 56.8 44.3
Depreciation 2.3 2.5 6.8 6.5
Amortization 8.6 7.0 21.3 20.6
Consolidated
Revenues $ 1,073.8 $ 904.4 $ 2,955.7 $ 2,601.7
Gross profit 308.7 236.3 828.7 706.4
Operating income 100.1 73.5 255.4 207.3
Depreciation 7.1 7.5 21.7 20.7
Amortization 15.9 12.7 39.9 37.1

~~___________________~~

Consolidated operating income includes corporate operating expenses, which are not allocated to the segments. These expenses include, among other things, stock-based compensation expense, compensation for corporate employees, acquisition, integration and strategic planning expenses and public company expenses. Consolidated depreciation includes depreciation expense for corporate assets.

1211

~~Virtually~~

Substantially all of the revenues from the Commercial Segment are generated from time-and-materials ("T&M") contracts where payments are based on fixed hourly rates for each direct labor hour expended and reimbursements for allowable material costs and out-of-pocket expenses. Revenues from the Federal Government Segment are generated from: (i) firm-fixed-price, (ii) T&M and (iii) cost reimbursable contracts. Virtually all of the Company's revenues are recognized over time. ~~The following table presents revenues~~Revenues by segment and by type are as follows (in millions).:


		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
		September 30,				September 30,				September 30,				September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020				2022		2021		2022		2021
Commercial	Commercial										Commercial
Assignment	Assignment	$	587.3	$	519.2	$	1,687.2	$	1,589.2		Assignment	$	631.4	$	587.3	$	1,888.0	$	1,687.2
Consulting	Consulting	187.6		96.6		449.5		271.5			Consulting	268.6		187.6		695.5		449.5
		774.9		615.8		2,136.7		1,860.7				900.0		774.9		2,583.5		2,136.7
Federal Government	Federal Government										Federal Government
Firm-fixed-price	Firm-fixed-price	94.5		82.0		217.0		201.2			Firm-fixed-price	91.7		94.5		242.9		217.0
Time and materials	Time and materials	106.0		80.8		296.9		234.6			Time and materials	113.7		106.0		338.5		296.9
Cost reimbursable	Cost reimbursable	98.4		125.8		305.1		305.2			Cost reimbursable	92.5		98.4		265.8		305.1
		298.9		288.6		819.0		741.0				297.9		298.9		847.2		819.0
Consolidated	Consolidated	$	1,073.8	$	904.4	$	2,955.7	$	2,601.7		Consolidated	$	1,197.9	$	1,073.8	$	3,430.7	$	2,955.7

~~The following table presents the~~ Federal Government Segment revenues by customer type are as follows (in millions).:


		Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
		September 30,				September 30,				September 30,				September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020				2022		2021		2022		2021
Department of Defense and Intelligence Agencies	Department of Defense and Intelligence Agencies	$	166.0	$	172.0	$	450.8	$	414.4		Department of Defense and Intelligence Agencies	$	165.5	$	166.0	$	458.4	$	450.8
Federal Civilian	Federal Civilian	112.1		96.2		303.5		276.1			Federal Civilian	124.8		112.1		361.9		303.5
Other	Other	20.8		20.4		64.7		50.5			Other	7.6		20.8		26.9		64.7
		$	298.9	$	288.6	$	819.0	$	741.0			$	297.9	$	298.9	$	847.2	$	819.0

~~10.~~11. Fair Value Measurements

Recurring Fair Value Measurements — The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued payroll and contract professional pay approximate their fair value based on their short-term nature. The carrying amount of long-term debt recorded in the Company’s accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$1.0~~$1.1 billion (see Note 5.6. Long-Term Debt) and its fair value was ~~$1.1 billion, which~~$1.0 billion. The fair value for the term B loan and senior notes was determined using quoted prices in active markets for identical liabilities (Level 1 inputs). and the carrying value of the revolving credit facility approximates its fair value.

Certain acquisition agreements contained provisions requiring the Company to pay contingent consideration in the event the underlying acquired business achieved certain specified earnings results or obtained certain contract awards. Contingent consideration liabilities had a fair value of $15.1 million at December 31, 2021, of which $8.1 million was paid and the remaining amount was reduced to zero as a measurement period adjustment, with no effect on results of operations. There were no contingent consideration liabilities at September 30, 2022.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements — Certain assets, such as goodwill and trademarks, are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances, such as, when there is evidence of impairment. There were no fair value adjustments for non-financial assets or liabilities during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022.

12. Subsequent Events

On October 3, 2022, the Company acquired Iron Vine Security, LLC ("Iron Vine") a leading cybersecurity company that designs, implements and ~~2020.~~executes cybersecurity programs for federal customers. The results of operations of Iron Vine will be included in the Federal Government Segment from the date of acquisition.

1312

Item 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The information in this discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are based upon current expectations, as well as management's beliefs and assumptions and involve a high degree of risk and uncertainty. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Statements that include the words "believes," "anticipates," "plans," "expects," "intends," and similar expressions that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes are forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed or suggested in the forward-looking statements herein. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include ~~matters related to the divestiture of the Oxford business, and other factors~~those described in Item 1A. Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 ("~~2020~~2021 10-K"). In addition, as a result of these and other factors, our past financial performance should not be relied on as an indication of future performance. All forward-looking statements in this document are based on information available to us as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and we assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements or the reasons why our actual results may differ.

OVERVIEW

ASGN provides ~~information technology~~IT services and ~~professional services in the technology, digital~~solutions and creative ~~fields~~digital marketing services across the commercial and government sectors. ~~Our~~ASGN operates through its Commercial and Federal Government segments. Virtually all of the Company's revenues are generated in the United States.

The Commercial Segment provides ~~assignment~~IT services and ~~consulting information technology,~~solutions, and creative digital ~~creative~~ marketing services to Fortune 1000 and mid-market clients across the United States, Canada and Europe. ~~Our~~The Federal Government Segment delivers advanced solutions in cloud, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, machine learning, application and IT modernization, science and engineering to ~~departments~~defense, intelligence and ~~agencies in the~~ federal ~~government.~~

On August 17, 2021, we sold the Oxford Global Resources business unit ("Oxford business") to an affiliate of H.I.G. Capital for $525.0 million. The financial results and assets and liabilities of the Oxford business have been classified as discontinued operations in the statements of operations and the balance sheets included herein. Unless otherwise noted, amounts and disclosures throughout this Management's Discussion and Analysis section relate to our continuing operations.

Prior to the divestiture of the Oxford business, the Company had three reportable segments: Apex, Oxford and ECS. As a result of the divestiture, the Oxford Segment is no longer a reportable segment, the Apex Segment was renamed the Commercial Segment and the ECS Segment was renamed the Federal Government Segment. The Company's CyberCoders division, which was previously part of the Oxford Segment, is now included in the Commercial Segment. All segment data included herein reflect these changes.civilian agencies.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, ~~2021~~2022 COMPARED WITH THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, ~~2020~~2021

Revenues

Revenues for the quarter were ~~$1,073.8 million,~~$1.2 billion, up ~~18.7~~11.6 percent ~~from~~over the third quarter of ~~2020, mainly~~last year. Revenues for the ~~result of high organic growth in our Commercial Segment and the revenue contribution of $42.0~~quarter included approximately $34.2 million from businesses acquired ~~after~~in the ~~third quarter of 2020.~~last twelve months. Excluding the contributions from acquisitions, ~~revenues were up 14.1~~revenue growth was 8.4 percent year-over-year. The table below shows our revenues by segment for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (in millions).


								% of Total												% of Total
		2021		2020		Change			2021		2020		Change			2022		2021			Change		2022		2021		Change

Commercial	Commercial														Commercial
Assignment	Assignment	$	587.3	$	519.2	13.1	%		54.7	%	57.4	%	-2.7	%	Assignment	$	631.4	$	587.3		7.5	%	52.7	%	54.7	%	-2.0	%
Consulting	Consulting	187.6		96.6		94.2	%		17.5	%	10.7	%	6.8	%	Consulting	268.6		187.6			43.2	%	22.4	%	17.5	%	4.9	%
		774.9		615.8		25.8	%		72.2	%	68.1	%	4.1	%		900.0		774.9			16.1	%	75.1	%	72.2	%	2.9	%
Federal Government	Federal Government	298.9		288.6		3.6	%		27.8	%	31.9	%	-4.1	%	Federal Government	297.9		298.9			-0.3	%	24.9	%	27.8	%	-2.9	%
Consolidated	Consolidated	$	1,073.8	$	904.4	18.7	%		100.0	%	100.0	%			Consolidated	$	1,197.9	$	1,073.8		11.6	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

Commercial Segment —

Revenues from our Commercial Segment (75.1 percent of total revenues) were up ~~25.8~~16.1 percent over the third quarter of last ~~year~~year. Assignment revenues were $631.4 million (70.2 percent of the segment's revenues), up 7.5 percent year-over-year. Consulting services revenues were $268.6 million (29.8 percent of the segment's revenues), up 43.2 percent year-over-year. Excluding the contribution of $25.1 million from GlideFast, which was acquired on July 6, 2022, consulting services revenues were up 29.8 percent year-over-year.

From an industry perspective, Commercial revenues fall into five broad industry verticals: (i) Financial Services, (ii) Consumer and ~~15.7 percent~~Industrials, (iii) Healthcare, (iv) Technology, Media and Telecom and (v) Business and Government Services. Four out of our five industry verticals achieved double-digit growth over the third quarter of ~~2019. This growth~~last year, while our Business and Government Services vertical was the result of double-digit growth in the segment's high-margin IT consulting, creative marketing and permanent placement services, mid-to-high single-digit growth of IT assignment revenues and $10.4 million in revenues from an IT consulting services business acquired after the third quarter of 2020. Excluding that revenue contribution, revenues from our Commercial Segment wereslightly up ~~24.1 percent~~ over ~~the third quarter of~~ last year.

Within the Commercial Segment, IT services and solutions revenues, which accounted for ~~82.6~~84.1 percent of the segment's revenues in the quarter, were up ~~21.8~~18.3 percent over the third quarter of last year driven by double-digit growth in consulting services, the contribution from GlideFast and ~~up 18.6 percent over the third quarter of 2019.~~high single-digit growth in IT staffing services. Creative digital marketing and permanent placement revenues, which combined accounted for ~~17.4~~15.9 percent of the segment's revenues in the quarter, were up 49.6 percent year-over-year and up 3.8 percent over the third quarter of 2019. All divisions in the segment (IT services and solutions, creative marketing and permanent placement) were up over the third quarter of last year, up over the second quarter of 2021 and up over the third quarter of 2019.

~~Commercial consulting services revenues (virtually all IT services), which accounted for 24.2 percent of the segment's revenues, were $187.6 million, up 94.2~~6.1 percent over the third quarter of last year. Assignment revenues, which accounted for 75.8 percent of the segment's revenues, were $587.3 million, up 13.1 percent year-over-year driven by double-digit growth in creative marketing and permanent placement revenues and mid-to-high single-digit year-over-year growth in IT assignment revenues.

~~From an industry perspective, Commercial~~Federal Government Segment revenues fall into five broad industry verticals: (i) financial services, (ii) consumer and industrials, (iii) healthcare, (iv) technology, media and telecom and (v) business and government services. Growth in the quarter was broad-based and all five industry verticals experienced growth during the quarter, ranging from 6.1 percent growth in financial services, our largest industry vertical, to 50.8 percent growth in consumer and industrials.

— Revenues from our Federal Government Segment (24.9 percent of revenues) were ~~up 3.6 percent over~~down slightly year-over-year and included $9.1 million from the two businesses acquired subsequent to June 30, 2021. The third quarter of last year benefited from approximately $13.4 million in low-margin revenues under a web services resale program the segment elected not to renew in the third quarter of last year. The growth was driven by a number of factors, including increased volume under certain existing programs, new contract awards and revenues of $31.6 million from the four businesses acquired after the third quarter of 2020. Excluding the revenue contribution from the acquired businesses and higher spending levels under two cost reimbursable contracts in the third quarter of last year, revenue growth for the segment was low single digits year-over-year.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

The table below shows gross profit and gross margin by segment for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (in millions).


		Gross Profit						Gross Margin					Gross Profit								Gross Margin
		2021		2020		Change			2021		2020			Change			2022		2021			Change		2022		2021		Change

Commercial	Commercial	$	251.1	$	190.4	31.9	%		32.4	%	30.9	%		1.5	%	Commercial	$	297.8	$	251.1		18.6	%	33.1	%	32.4	%	0.7	%
Federal Government	Federal Government	57.6		45.9		25.5	%		19.3	%	15.9	%		3.4	%	Federal Government	61.1		57.6			6.1	%	20.5	%	19.3	%	1.2	%
Consolidated	Consolidated	$	308.7	$	236.3	30.6	%		28.7	%	26.1	%		2.6	%	Consolidated	$	358.9	$	308.7		16.3	%	30.0	%	28.7	%	1.3	%

Gross profit is comprised of revenues less costs of services, which consist primarily of compensation for our contract professionals, allowable materials and reimbursable out-of-pocket expenses. Consolidated gross profit was up ~~30.6~~16.3 percent on revenue growth of ~~18.7~~11.6 percent.

Gross margin was ~~28.7~~30.0 percent, an expansion of ~~2.6 percentage~~130 basis points over the third quarter of ~~2020.~~2021. Both business segments and all operating divisions reported year-over-year expansion in gross margin. The expansion ~~for~~in gross margin of the Commercial Segment was ~~the result of changes in business mix~~ driven by ~~the~~ double-digit growth of ~~the segment's~~its high-margin ~~services (IT~~commercial consulting ~~creative marketing~~ and permanent placement ~~services).~~services. The expansion ~~for~~in gross margin of the Federal Government Segment was ~~also~~ driven by changes in business mix, ~~related to~~including a lower ~~level of revenues~~contribution from ~~certain lower-margin~~ cost reimbursable contracts, which carry a lower margin than other contract types, the contribution from ~~the high-margin~~higher-margin businesses acquired ~~after~~subsequent to June 30, 2021, and the decision not to renew a low-margin web services resale program in the third quarter of last ~~year and higher profitability on two firm-fixed-price contracts whose initial contract term ended during the quarter.~~year.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses consist primarily of compensation expense for our field operations and corporate staff, rent, information systems, marketing, telecommunications, public company expenses and other general and administrative expenses. SG&A expenses were ~~$192.7~~$232.6 million ~~(17.9~~(19.4 percent of revenues), compared with ~~$150.1~~$192.7 million ~~(16.6~~(17.9 percent of revenues) in the third quarter of ~~2020. The year-over-year~~2021. This increase was commensurate with the growth in the business ~~the higher mix of high margin commercial revenues (which carry a higher SG&A expense component than federal government services revenues), higher~~and also included investments in headcount ~~investments~~ to support ~~the~~ future ~~growth of the business and higher incentive compensation and healthcare expenses, which were both down in 2020 from historical levels.~~growth.

~~Amortization of Intangible Assets~~

~~Amortization of intangible assets was $15.9 million, up from $12.7 million in the third quarter of 2020. This increase relates to the effects of recently acquired businesses.~~

~~Interest Expense~~

Interest expense was $9.6 million, compared with $9.3 million in the third quarter of 2020. Interest expense for the quarter was comprised of $2.4 million of interest on the senior secured credit facility, $6.4 million of interest on the unsecured senior notes, $0.4 million in amortization of deferred loan costs and $0.4 million related to an amendment to the senior secured credit facility. The weighted-average outstanding borrowings for the quarter were $1.0 billion and the weighted-average interest rate was 3.4 percent.

~~Provision for Income Taxes~~

The provision for income taxes was $24.2 million, up from $17.5 million in the third quarter of 2020, related to the growth in income before income taxes. The effective tax rate for the current quarter of 26.7 percent was slightly lower than the third quarter of 2020.

~~Income from Continuing Operations~~

~~Income from continuing operations was $66.3 million, up from $46.7 million in the third quarter of 2020 driven by the growth in the business and the expansion of our gross margin.~~

~~Income from Discontinued Operations~~

~~Income from discontinued operations was $145.7 million (net of income taxes of $68.0 million). Virtually all of the income related to the gain on the sale of the Oxford business.~~

~~Net Income~~

~~Net income of $212.0 million was comprised of income from continuing operations of $66.3 million and income from discontinued operations of $145.7 million.~~

~~RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021 COMPARED WITH THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2020~~

~~Revenues~~

Revenues for the first nine months of 2021 were $3.0 billion, up 13.6 percent year-over-year as a result of organic growth of our Commercial and Federal Government segments and the revenue contribution of $56.6 million from businesses acquired after the third quarter of 2020. Excluding the contributions from acquisitions, revenues were up 11.4 percent year-over-year. The table below shows our revenues by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in millions).

% of Total
2021 2020 Change 2021 2020 Change
Commercial
Assignment $ 1,687.2 $ 1,589.2 6.2 % 57.1 % 61.1 % -4.0 %
Consulting 449.5 271.5 65.6 % 15.2 % 10.4 % 4.8 %
2,136.7 1,860.7 14.8 % 72.3 % 71.5 % 0.8 %
Federal Government 819.0 741.0 10.5 % 27.7 % 28.5 % -0.8 %
Consolidated $ 2,955.7 $ 2,601.7 13.6 % 100.0 % 100.0 %

Revenues from our Commercial Segment were up 14.8 percent over the first nine months of last year. This growth was the result of double-digit growth in the segment's high-margin IT consulting, creative marketing and permanent placement services. The growth in our consulting revenues was due to a combination of factors, including broad-based industry demand, revenue contributions from an acquired business and the expansion of our near-shore delivery center in Mexico. Revenues for the period included approximately $10.4 million from an IT consulting services business acquired after the third quarter of 2020.

Within the Commercial Segment, IT services and solutions revenues, which accounted for 83.4 percent of the segment's revenues in the period, were up 13.9 percent over the first nine months of last year. Creative marketing and permanent placement revenues, which combined accounted for 16.6 percent of the segment's revenues in the period, were up 19.9 percent over the first nine months of last year. All divisions in the segment (IT services and solutions, creative marketing and permanent placement) were up over the first nine months of last year.

Commercial consulting services revenues (virtually all IT services), which accounted for 21.0 percent of the segment's revenues in the period, were $449.5 million, up 65.6 percent over the first nine months of last year. Assignment revenues, which accounted for 79.0 percent of the segment's revenues in the period, were $1,687.2 million, up 6.2 percent over the first nine months of last year driven by double-digit growth in creative marketing and permanent placement revenues and single-digit year-over-year growth in IT assignment revenues.

All of our industry verticals were up year-over-year, with every vertical except the financial services industry accounts achieving double-digit growth. Growth in financial services industry accounts (24.4 percent of Commercial revenues) was in the high single digits.

Revenues from our Federal Government Segment were up 10.5 percent year-over-year. The growth was driven by a number of factors, including increased volume under certain existing programs, new contract awards and revenues of $46.2 million the four businesses acquired after the third quarter of 2020. Excluding the revenue contribution from the acquired businesses and higher spending levels under two cost reimbursable contracts in the third quarter of last year, revenue growth for the segment was mid-to-high single digits year-over-year.

~~Gross Profit and Gross Margin~~

~~The table below shows gross profit and gross margin by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in millions).~~

Gross Profit Gross Margin
2021 2020 Change 2021 2020 Change
Commercial 678.1 $ 579.6 17.0 % 31.7 % 31.1 % 0.6 %
Federal Government 150.6 126.8 18.8 % 18.4 % 17.1 % 1.3 %
Consolidated $ 828.7 $ 706.4 17.3 % 28.0 % 27.2 % 0.8 %

Consolidated gross profit increased 17.3 percent on revenue growth of 13.6 percent. Gross margin was 28.0 percent, an expansion of 80 basis points over the first nine months of 2020. Both segments reported expansion in gross margin. The expansion for Commercial Segment was the result of changes in business mix driven by the double-digit growth of the segment's high-margin services (IT consulting, creative marketing and permanent placement services). The expansion for the Federal Government Segment was also driven by changes in business mix, related to a lower level of revenues from certain lower-margin cost reimbursable contracts, the contribution from the high-margin businesses acquired after the third quarter of last year and higher profitability on two firm-fixed-price contracts with initial contract terms that ended during the period.

~~Selling, General and Administrative Expenses~~

SG&A expenses were $533.4 million (18.0 percent of revenues), compared with $462.0 million (17.8 percent of revenues) in the first nine months of 2020. The year-over-year increase was commensurate with the growth in the business, the higher mix of high margin commercial revenues (which carry a higher SG&A expense component than federal government services revenues), higher headcount investments to support the future growth of the business, higher incentive compensation and higher expenses related to the Company's acquisition program.

Amortization of Intangible Assets

Amortization of intangible assets was ~~$39.9~~$17.9 million, up from ~~$37.1~~$15.9 million in the ~~first nine months~~third quarter of ~~2020.~~2021. This increase relates to the effects of ~~recently acquired businesses.~~businesses acquired.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was ~~$28.2~~$12.1 million ~~down from $30.4 million in the first nine months of 2020, primarily resulting from the reduction of LIBOR. Interest expense~~and was comprised of ~~$7.3~~$5.2 million of interest on the senior secured credit facility, ~~$19.1~~$6.4 million of interest on the unsecured senior notes, ~~$1.2~~and $0.5 million in amortization of deferred loan ~~costs and $0.6 million related to amendments to the senior secured credit facility.~~costs. The weighted-average outstanding borrowings ~~outstanding for the first nine months of 2021~~ were ~~approximately~~ $1.0 billion in both periods and the weighted-average interest rate was 4.4 percent, up from 3.4 ~~percent.~~percent in the third quarter of 2021.

Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes was ~~$60.8~~$25.2 million, up from ~~$47.6~~$24.2 million in the ~~first nine months~~third quarter of ~~2020,~~2021. The increase was related to the growth in income before ~~taxes. The~~income taxes as the effective tax rate for the ~~first nine months of the year of 26.8 percent~~current quarter was slightly lower than in the ~~first nine months~~third quarter of ~~2020.~~2021.

Income from Continuing Operations

Income from continuing operations was ~~$166.4~~$71.1 million, up from ~~$129.3~~$66.3 million ~~for first nine months~~in the third quarter of ~~2020~~2021 driven by the growth in the business and the expansion of our gross margin.

Income from Discontinued Operations

Income from discontinued operations was ~~$158.5~~$2.1 million, ~~(net~~compared with $145.7 million in the third quarter of ~~income taxes of $71.1 million). Virtually~~2021. In the prior year, virtually all of the income from discontinued operations related to the gain, net of income taxes, on the sale of the Oxford business.

Net Income

Net income of ~~$324.9~~$73.2 million was comprised of income from continuing operations of $71.1 million and discontinued operations of $2.1 million.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2022 COMPARED WITH THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

Revenues

Revenues for the first nine months of the year were $3.4 billion, up 16.1 percent year-over-year. Revenues for the nine-month period included approximately $110.7 million from businesses acquired during the last twelve months. Excluding the contributions from acquisitions, revenue growth was 12.3 percent year-over-year. The table below shows our revenues by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions).


							% of Total
	2022		2021		Change			2022		2021		Change

Commercial
Assignment	$	1,888.0	$	1,687.2	11.9	%		55.0	%	57.1	%	-2.1	%
Consulting	695.5		449.5		54.7	%		20.3	%	15.2	%	5.1	%
	2,583.5		2,136.7		20.9	%		75.3	%	72.3	%	3.0	%
Federal Government	847.2		819.0		3.4	%		24.7	%	27.7	%	-3.0	%
Consolidated	$	3,430.7	$	2,955.7	16.1	%		100.0	%	100.0	%

Commercial Segment — Revenues from our Commercial Segment (75.3 percent of total revenues) were up 20.9 percent over the first nine months of last year. Assignment revenues were $1.9 billion (73.1 percent of the segment's revenues), up 11.9 percent year-over-year. Consulting services revenues were $695.5 million (26.9 percent of the segment's revenues), up 54.7 percent year-over-year. Excluding the contribution of $45.8 million from GlideFast, consulting services revenues were up 44.5 percent year-over-year. All five industry verticals were up double-digits year-over-year.

Within the Commercial Segment, IT services and solutions revenues, which accounted for 83.3 percent of the segment's revenues in the first nine months of 2022, were up 20.9 percent over the same period last year driven by high growth in consulting services, the contribution from GlideFast and high single-digit growth in IT staffing services. Creative digital marketing and permanent placement revenues, which combined accounted for 16.7 percent of the segment's revenues, were up 21.1 percent over the same period last year.

Federal Government Segment — Revenues from our Federal Government Segment (24.7 percent of revenues) were up 3.4 percent year-over-year. Revenues for the first nine months of 2022 included $64.9 million from the two businesses acquired subsequent to June 30, 2021. Last year benefited from higher spending levels on certain cost reimbursable contracts and approximately $38.6 million in revenues from a low-margin web services contract that the segment elected to not renew in the third quarter of last year.

Gross Profit and Gross Margin

The table below shows gross profit and gross margin by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in millions).


	Gross Profit						Gross Margin
	2022		2021		Change			2022		2021		Change

Commercial	$	852.1	$	678.1	25.7	%		33.0	%	31.7	%	1.3	%
Federal Government	177.4		150.6		17.8	%		20.9	%	18.4	%	2.5	%
Consolidated	$	1,029.5	$	828.7	24.2	%		30.0	%	28.0	%	2.0	%

Consolidated gross profit was up 24.2 percent on revenue growth of 16.1 percent. Gross margin was 30.0 percent, an expansion of 200 basis points over the first nine months of 2021. Both segments reported expansion in gross margin. The expansion in gross margin of the Commercial Segment was driven by double-digit growth of its high-margin services (commercial consulting, creative digital marketing and permanent placement services). The expansion in gross margin of the Federal Government Segment was driven by changes in business mix, including a lower contribution from cost reimbursable contracts, which carry a lower margin than other contract types, the contribution from higher-margin businesses acquired subsequent to June 30, 2021, and the decision not to renew a low-margin web services resale program in the third quarter of last year.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A expenses were $665.1 million (19.4 percent of revenues), compared with $533.4 million (18.0 percent of revenues) in the first nine months of 2021. This increase was commensurate with the growth in the business, including growth of high-margin commercial revenue streams (which carry a higher SG&A expense component than IT staffing and federal government services revenues).

Amortization of Intangible Assets

Amortization of intangible assets was $45.3 million, up from $39.9 million in the first nine months of 2021. This increase related to the effects of businesses acquired.

Interest Expense

Interest expense was $31.5 million and was comprised of $10.9 million of interest on the senior secured credit facility, $19.1 million of interest on the unsecured senior notes, and $1.5 million in amortization of deferred loan costs. The weighted-average outstanding borrowings were $1.0 billion in both periods and the weighted-average interest rate was 3.8 percent, up from 3.4 percent in the first nine months of 2021.

Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes was $76.3 million, up from $60.8 million in the first nine months of 2021. The increase related to the growth in income before income taxes as the effective tax rate for the first nine months of the year was slightly lower than the first nine months of 2021.

Income from Continuing Operations

Income from continuing operations was $211.3 million, up from $166.4 million in the first nine months of 2021 driven by the growth in the business and the expansion of our gross margin.

Income from Discontinued Operations

Income from discontinued operations was $1.2 million, compared with $158.5 million in the first nine months of 2021. In the prior year, virtually all of the income from discontinued operations related to the gain, net of ~~$158.5~~income taxes, on the sale of the Oxford business.

Net Income

Net income of $212.5 million was comprised of income from continuing operations of $211.3 million and discontinued operations of $1.2 million.

Commercial Segment - Consulting Metrics

Commercial consulting bookings are defined as the value of new contracts entered into during a specified period, including adjustments for the effects of changes in contract scope and contract terminations. The underlying contracts are terminable by the client on short notice with little or no termination penalties. The book-to-bill ratio for our commercial consulting revenues is the ratio of our commercial consulting bookings to the commercial consulting revenues for a specified period. The average duration of commercial consulting projects is one year.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended				Trailing-Twelve-Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,				September 30,
(Dollars in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021
Bookings	$	254.3	$	185.7	$	892.4	$	585.4	$	887.2	$	558.9
Book-to-Bill Ratio	0.9 to 1		1.0 to 1		1.3 to 1		1.3 to 1		1.3 to 1		1.3 to 1

Federal Government Segment ~~Contract Backlog~~Metrics

Contract backlog ~~is a useful measure of potential future revenues~~ for our ~~federal government segment. Contract backlog~~Federal Government Segment represents the estimated amount of future revenues to be recognized under awarded contracts including task orders and options. Contract backlog does not include potential value from contract awards that have been protested by competitors until the protest is resolved in our favor. Contract backlog does not include any estimate of future work expected under indefinite delivery, indefinite quantity contracts or U.S. General Services Administration schedules. Contract backlog is segregated into funded contract backlog and negotiated unfunded contract backlog, which together make up total contract backlog.

Funded contract backlog for contracts with U.S. government agencies primarily represents contracts for which funding has been formally awarded less revenues previously recognized on these contracts and does not include the unfunded portion of contracts where funding is incrementally awarded or authorized by the U.S. government even though the contract may call for performance over a number of years. Funded contract backlog for contracts with non-government agencies represents the estimated value of contracts, which may cover multiple future years, less revenues previously recognized on these contracts.

Negotiated unfunded contract backlog represents the estimated future revenues to be earned from negotiated contract awards for which funding has not yet been awarded or authorized and from unexercised priced contract options.

~~Contract backlog~~These estimates are subject to change and may be affected by the execution of new contracts, the extension or early termination of existing contracts, the non-renewal or completion of current contracts and adjustments to estimates for previously included contracts. Changes in the funded contract backlog are also affected by the funding cycles of the government.


(in millions)		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
(Dollars in millions)						(Dollars in millions)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2021
Funded Contract Backlog	Funded Contract Backlog	$	558.3	$	444.5	Funded Contract Backlog	$	548.0	$	529.2	$	558.3
Negotiated Unfunded Contract Backlog	Negotiated Unfunded Contract Backlog	2,575.1		2,201.7		Negotiated Unfunded Contract Backlog	2,564.6		2,472.0		2,575.1
Contract Backlog	Contract Backlog	$	3,133.4	$	2,646.2	Contract Backlog	$	3,112.6	$	3,001.2	$	3,133.4

Contract Backlog Coverage Ratio						Contract Backlog Coverage Ratio	2.8 to 1		2.6 to 1		2.6 to 1

___

Contract backlog coverage ratio is calculated as total contract backlog divided by trailing-twelve-months of Federal Government Segment ~~Book-to-Bill Ratio~~revenues.

The book-to-bill ratio for our ~~federal government segment~~Federal Government Segment was ~~1.4~~1.0 to ~~1.0 for the third quarter of 2021~~1 and 1.1 to ~~1.0~~1 for the ~~trailing-twelve-months.~~trailing-twelve-months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The book-to-bill ratio was calculated as the sum of the change in total contract backlog during the period plus revenues for the period, divided by revenues for the period. ~~The contract backlog coverage ratio (backlog at September 30, 2021 divided by trailing-twelve-months of federal government segment revenues) was 2.6 to 1.0.~~

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our working capital at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$831.2~~$627.7 million, and our cash and cash equivalents were ~~$679.4~~$211.2 million. Our cash flows from operating activities have been our primary source of liquidity and have been sufficient to ~~fund~~meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we had ~~full availability~~$204.0 million available under ~~our~~the $250.0 million revolving credit facility. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents on hand, expected operating cash flows and availability under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fulfill our obligations, working capital requirements and capital expenditures for the next 12 months.

Net cash provided by operating activities was ~~$275.9~~$232.5 million for the first nine months of ~~2021,~~2022, compared with ~~$337.8~~$275.9 million in the same period of ~~2020. Operating~~2021. This change mainly related to an increase in accounts receivable days sales outstanding and timing of certain payments.

Net cash ~~flows~~used in investing activities was $366.6 million for the first nine months of 2022 and included $351.8 million for the acquisition of GlideFast and $27.0 million for capital expenditures, partially offset by $9.8 million in cash received related to the finalization of the purchase price for the sale of the Oxford business. Net cash provided by investing activities in the first nine months of last year benefited from (i) lower working capital requirements related to the decline in business activity stemming from COVID-19 and (ii) the deferral of federal payroll taxes as provided by the CARES Act. The year-over-year decrease in net cash from operating activities is mainly the result of investment in working capital to support growth in the business and the expiration at the end of last year of the payroll tax payment deferral under the CARES Act.

~~Net cash provided by investing activities~~ was $249.2 million ~~for the first nine months~~and was comprised of ~~2021 and included~~ $499.1 million ~~in net cash proceeds~~ from the sale of ~~the~~ Oxford, ~~business. Estimated income taxes of $111.7 million on the gain from the sale will be paid on December 15, 2021. Significant uses of cash in investing activities during the period included use of~~partially offset by $224.4 million ~~to acquire three IT consulting businesses~~for acquisitions and $25.6 million ~~in capital expenditures. Net cash used in investing activities in the same period of 2020 was $180.1 million and included $151.5 million used to acquire two businesses and $28.3 million in~~for capital expenditures.

Net cash used in financing activities was ~~$119.4~~$183.7 million for the first nine months of ~~2021,~~2022, compared with ~~$24.4~~net cash used of $119.4 million in the same period of ~~2020. The~~2021. Net cash used in financing activities for the first nine months of ~~2021 consisted~~2022 was primarily comprised of ~~$118.4~~$227.6 million to repurchase the Company's common stock, ~~compared with $27.9~~partially offset by $46.0 million ~~for~~of borrowings under the ~~same period~~revolving credit facility. There were $118.4 million of ~~2020.~~common stock repurchases in the first nine months of last year.

Senior Secured Credit Facility — The senior secured credit facility consists of a term B loan and a $250.0 million revolving credit facility. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had $490.8 million outstanding under the term B loan and no$46.0 million outstanding ~~borrowings~~ under the revolver. Borrowings under the term B loan bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.75 percent, or the bank’s base rate plus 0.75 percent. Borrowings under the revolver bear interest at LIBOR plus 1.25 to 2.25 percent, or the bank’s base rate plus 0.25 to 1.25 percent, depending on leverage levels. A commitment fee of 0.20 to 0.35 percent is payable on the undrawn portion of the revolver. There are no required minimum principal payments on the facility until maturity. The facility is secured by substantially all of the Company's assets and includes various restrictive covenants. ~~The~~At September 30, 2022, the Company was in compliance with its debt covenants. In July 2021, the Company amended its facility to, among other things, permit the sale of its Oxford business and allow the net cash proceeds (approximately $0.4 billion) to be used for future ~~acquisitions.~~acquisitions and other permitted investments. With the acquisition of GlideFast on July 6, 2022 (see Note 3. Acquisitions to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1.) and other investments of the net cash proceeds, no debt prepayments were required.

Unsecured Senior Notes — The Company has $550.0 million of unsecured senior notes due in 2028, which bear interest at 4.625 percent payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15. These notes are unsecured obligations and subordinate to the senior secured credit facility. These notes contain certain customary limitations including, among other terms and conditions, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, engage in mergers and acquisitions, transfer or sell assets and make certain distributions.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

~~There have been no recent accounting pronouncements that significantly impact~~See “Note 2 - Accounting Standards Update” in the ~~Company.~~notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1.

Critical Accounting Policies

There were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates during the third quarter of ~~2021~~2022 compared with those disclosed in Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of our ~~2020~~2021 10-K.

Commitments

There were no material changes to the significant commitments or contractual obligations that were disclosed in our ~~2020~~2021 10-K.

Item 3 — Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risks

With respect to our quantitative and qualitative disclosures about ~~foreign currency risks and~~ interest rates risks, there have been no material changes to the information included in our ~~2020~~2021 10-K. Based on the relative size and nature of our foreign operations, we do not believe that a 10 percent change in the value of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar would have a material impact on our financial statements. A hypothetical 100 basis-point change in interest rates on variable-rate debt would have resulted in an interest expense fluctuation of approximately ~~$4.9~~$5.4 million based on ~~$490.8~~$536.8 million of debt outstanding for any 12-month period.

Item 4 — Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial ~~and Accounting~~ Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial ~~and Accounting~~ Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. The term "disclosure controls and procedures" means controls and other procedures of the Company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within required time periods. We have established disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial ~~and Accounting~~ Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 — Legal Proceedings

We are involved in various legal proceedings, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. However, based on the facts currently available, we do not believe that the disposition of matters that are pending or asserted will have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Item 1A — Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously described in our ~~2020~~2021 10-K.

Item 2 — Unregistered Sales of Securities and Use of Proceeds

On ~~March 18,~~December 9, 2021, the Board of Directors approved a two-year stock repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to ~~$250.0~~$350.0 million of its common stock. On July 27, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors approved a new stock repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase up to $400.0 million of its common stock ~~through March 18, 2023.~~over the next two years. Under terms of the program, purchases can be made in the open market or under a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. The stock repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of the Company's stock and may be suspended at any time at the Company's discretion. The new program superseded and replaced any remaining availability under the Company's previous $350.0 million stock repurchase program.

The Company's repurchases of its common stock during the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 are shown in the table below.


Period	Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions)		Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares That May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions)
July	July	375,290	$	96.26	375,290	$	213.9	July	286,580	$	92.85	286,580	$	398.5
August	August	496,908	$	106.33	496,908	$	161.0	August	161,303	$	102.68	161,303	$	381.9
September	September	278,252	$	113.09	278,252	$	129.6	September	145,456	$	92.88	145,456	$	368.4
Total	Total	1,150,450	$	104.68	1,150,450	$	129.6	Total	593,339	$	95.53	593,339	$	368.4

In connection with our stock-based compensation plans, during the three months ended September 30, 2022, 17,490 shares of our common stock with an aggregate value of $1.6 million were tendered by employees for payment of applicable statutory tax withholding. These shares are excluded from the table above.

Item 3 — Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4 — Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5 — Other Information

None.

2019

Item 6 — Exhibits

INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Number Footnote Description
2.1
(1)
Membership Interest Purchase Agreement between ASGN Incorporated, as the Seller and H.I.G. Orca Acquisition Holdings, Inc., as the Buyer, d ated as of June 30, 2021
3.1
(2)
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of On Assignment, Inc. effective June 23, 2014
3.2
(3)
Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of On Assignment, Inc. effective April 2, 2018, chang ing name to ASGN I ncorporated
3.3
(4)
Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws of ASGN Incorporated, effective March 18, 2021
4.1 (5)(P) Specimen Common Stock Certificate
10.1
*
Supplemental Indenture No. 2 dated as of September 29, 2021 to 4.625% Senior Notes Due 2028 Indenture Dated as of November 22, 2019
31.1
*
Certification of Theodore S. Hanson, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
31.2
*
Certification of Edward L. Pierce, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
32.1
*
Certification of Theodore S. Hanson, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2
*
Certification of Edward L. Pierce, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101 * The following material from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of ASGN Incorporated, Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) related notes to these financial statements.
104 Cover page interactive data file (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

* Filed herewith.
(1) Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2021.
(2) Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 25, 2014.
(3) Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 16, 2018.
(4) Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 9, 2021.
(5) Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-50646) declared effective by the SEC on September 21, 1992.
(P) This exhibit has been paper filed and is not subject to the hyperlinking requirements of Item 601 of Regulation S-K.


Number		Description
3.1		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of On Assignment, Inc., effective June 23, 2014 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 25, 2014)
3.2		Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of On Assignment, Inc. effective April 2, 2018 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 16, 2018)
3.3		Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws of ASGN Incorporated, effective March 18, 2021 (incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 9, 2021)
4.1		Specimen Common Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference from an exhibit to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-50646) declared effective on September 21, 1992) (P)
10.1*		Employment Agreement, effective as of January 3 1 , 2022, by and between the Company and Marie L. Perry
31.1*		Certification of Theodore S. Hanson , Chief Executive Officer , pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
31.2*		Certification of Marie L. Perry, Chief Financial Officer , pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
32.1*		Certification of Theodore S. Hanson, Chief Executive Officer , pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2*		Certification of Marie L. Perry, Chief Financial Officer , pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101		The following material from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of ASGN Incorporated, Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) related notes to these financial statements.
104		Cover page interactive data file (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*	Filed herewith.
(P)	This exhibit originally filed in paper format. Accordingly, a hyperlink has not been provided.

2120

~~SIGNATURE~~SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	ASGN Incorporated

Date: November ~~8, 2021~~4, 2022	By:	/s/ ~~Edward~~Marie L. ~~Pierce~~Perry
		~~Edward~~Marie L. ~~Pierce~~Perry
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial ~~and Accounting~~ Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)


Date: November 4, 2022	By:	/s/ Rose L. Cunningham
		Rose L. Cunningham
		Vice President, Finance and Corporate Controller

2221


		September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Estimated Useful Life in Years	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Customer and contractual relationships	7 - 13	$	499.0	$	246.5	$	252.5	$	428.0	$	211.3	$	216.7
Contractor relationships	4	45.5		45.5		—		45.5		45.3		0.2
Contract Backlog	1 - 3	35.4		29.9		5.5		29.3		28.5		0.8
Non-compete agreements	1 - 7	29.9		20.6		9.3		27.0		17.4		9.6

		609.8		342.5		267.3		529.8		302.5		227.3
Not subject to amortization:
Trademarks		242.6		—		242.6		242.6		—		242.6
Total		$	852.4	$	342.5	$	509.9	$	772.4	$	302.5	$	469.9


Remainder of 2021	$	16.6
2022	55.6
2023	45.4
2024	35.9
2025	29.2
Thereafter	84.6
	$	267.3


Number		Footnote	Description
2.1		(1)	Membership Interest Purchase Agreement between ASGN Incorporated, as the Seller and H.I.G. Orca Acquisition Holdings, Inc., as the Buyer, d ated as of June 30, 2021
3.1		(2)	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of On Assignment, Inc. effective June 23, 2014
3.2		(3)	Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of On Assignment, Inc. effective April 2, 2018, chang ing name to ASGN I ncorporated
3.3		(4)	Fourth Amended and Restated Bylaws of ASGN Incorporated, effective March 18, 2021
4.1		(5)(P)	Specimen Common Stock Certificate
10.1		*	Supplemental Indenture No. 2 dated as of September 29, 2021 to 4.625% Senior Notes Due 2028 Indenture Dated as of November 22, 2019
31.1		*	Certification of Theodore S. Hanson, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
31.2		*	Certification of Edward L. Pierce, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a)
32.1		*	Certification of Theodore S. Hanson, President and Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
32.2		*	Certification of Edward L. Pierce, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
101		*	The following material from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of ASGN Incorporated, Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q formatted in Inline XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) related notes to these financial statements.
104			Cover page interactive data file (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*	Filed herewith.
(1)	Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2021.
(2)	Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 25, 2014.
(3)	Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 16, 2018.
(4)	Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 9, 2021.
(5)	Incorporated by reference from an exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-50646) declared effective by the SEC on September 21, 1992.
(P)	This exhibit has been paper filed and is not subject to the hyperlinking requirements of Item 601 of Regulation S-K.