ATSG and its subsidiaries may sometimes be referred to in this Form 10-Q individually or collectively as the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us.” ATSG’s outstanding common stock, par value $0.01 per share, is referred to in this Form 10-Q as “common stock,” “common shares,” “stock” or “shares.”

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share data)

	*March 31, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	23,181		$	53,555
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,193 in 2024 and $1,065 in 2023		219,946			215,581
Inventory		49,847			49,939
Prepaid supplies and other		22,386			26,626
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS		315,360			345,701
Property and equipment, net		2,866,335			2,820,769
Customer incentive		57,049			60,961
Goodwill and acquired intangibles		479,874			482,427
Operating lease assets		49,140			54,060
Other assets		123,979			118,172
TOTAL ASSETS	$	3,891,737		$	3,882,090
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	249,828		$	227,652
Accrued salaries, wages and benefits		55,271			56,650
Accrued expenses		9,786			10,784
Current portion of debt obligations		54,768			54,710
Current portion of lease obligations		18,947			20,167
Unearned revenue		31,075			30,226
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES		419,675			400,189
Long term debt		1,663,006			1,707,572
Stock obligations		1,626			1,729
Post-retirement obligations		17,504			19,368
Long term lease obligations		31,250			34,990
Other liabilities		89,235			64,292
Deferred income taxes		288,016			285,248
TOTAL LIABILITIES		2,510,312			2,513,388
Commitments and contingencies (Note H)
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Preferred stock, 20,000,000 shares authorized, including 75,000 Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock		—			—
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 65,702,385 and 65,240,961 shares issued and outstanding in 2024 and 2023, respectively		657			652
Additional paid-in capital		838,402			836,270
Retained earnings		597,828			589,209
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(55,462	)		(57,429	)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY		1,381,425			1,368,702
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	3,891,737		$	3,882,090

September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 50,585 $ 27,134
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,228 in 2023 and $939 in 2022 226,147 301,622
Inventory 50,680 57,764
Prepaid supplies and other 36,349 31,956
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS 363,761 418,476
Property and equipment, net 2,749,506 2,402,408
Customer incentive 64,873 79,650
Goodwill and acquired intangibles 484,981 492,642
Operating lease assets 59,224 74,070
Other assets 123,770 122,647
TOTAL ASSETS $ 3,846,115 $ 3,589,893
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable $ 272,306 $ 192,992
Accrued salaries, wages and benefits 59,346 56,498
Accrued expenses 12,233 12,466
Current portion of debt obligations 648 639
Current portion of lease obligations 21,534 23,316
Unearned revenue and grants 27,555 21,546
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES 393,622 307,457
Long term debt 1,691,141 1,464,285
Stock obligations 1,816 695
Post-retirement obligations 31,488 35,334
Long term lease obligations 38,737 51,575
Other liabilities 61,360 62,861
Deferred income taxes 279,778 255,180
TOTAL LIABILITIES 2,497,942 2,177,387
Commitments and contingencies (Note H)
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Preferred stock, 20,000,000 shares authorized, including 75,000 Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock — —
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 65,315,066 and 72,327,758 shares issued and outstanding in 2023 and 2022, respectively 653 723
Additional paid-in capital 835,630 986,303
Retained earnings 604,217 528,882
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (92,327) (103,402)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY 1,348,173 1,412,506
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $ 3,846,115 $ 3,589,893

See notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*			*2023*
REVENUES	$	485,517		$	501,095
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages and benefits		171,482			176,715
Depreciation and amortization		90,380			84,728
Maintenance, materials and repairs		49,883			43,833
Fuel		63,545			66,755
Contracted ground and aviation services		15,706			17,788
Travel		30,446			29,553
Landing and ramp		4,030			4,124
Rent		7,532			8,112
Insurance		2,736			2,548
Other operating expenses		16,773			19,516
		452,513			453,672
OPERATING INCOME		33,004			47,423
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Interest income		239			215
Non-service component of retiree benefit costs		(1,085	)		(3,218	)
Net gain (loss) on financial instruments		2,355			(1,740	)
Loss from non-consolidated affiliate		(79	)		(406	)
Interest expense		(21,988	)		(15,705	)
		(20,558	)		(20,854	)

EARNINGS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES		12,446			26,569
INCOME TAX EXPENSE		(3,827	)		(6,428	)
EARNINGS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS		8,619			20,141
EARNINGS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF TAXES		—			—
NET EARNINGS	$	8,619		$	20,141

BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE
Continuing operations	$	0.13		$	0.28
Discontinued operations		—			—
TOTAL BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE	$	0.13		$	0.28

DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE
Continuing operations	$	0.13		$	0.25
Discontinued operations		—			—
TOTAL DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE	$	0.13		$	0.25

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES
Basic		64,973			71,802
Diluted		67,235			83,057

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
REVENUES $ 523,137 $ 516,916 $ 1,553,571 $ 1,512,444
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages and benefits 165,110 169,967 512,283 494,526
Depreciation and amortization 86,252 83,283 253,671 246,726
Maintenance, materials and repairs 54,569 41,541 148,838 116,657
Fuel 79,020 68,620 213,046 202,080
Contracted ground and aviation services 18,353 18,278 55,823 56,762
Travel 36,223 29,865 96,998 82,544
Landing and ramp 4,271 4,210 13,139 12,873
Rent 7,811 8,383 24,197 22,114
Insurance 3,055 2,346 8,287 7,224
Other operating expenses 22,443 17,764 64,095 57,968
477,107 444,257 1,390,377 1,299,474
OPERATING INCOME 46,030 72,659 163,194 212,970
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Interest income 190 56 585 80
Non-service component of retiree benefit (loss) gains (3,218) 4,635 (9,654) 15,411
Net gain on financial instruments 1,778 695 1,856 9,402
Loss from non-consolidated affiliate (1,885) (954) (4,398) (5,577)
Interest expense (19,376) (12,167) (51,753) (33,027)
(22,511) (7,735) (63,364) (13,711)
EARNINGS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES 23,519 64,924 99,830 199,259
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (6,347) (14,736) (24,495) (45,065)
EARNINGS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 17,172 50,188 75,335 154,194
EARNINGS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF TAXES — 854 — 1,736
NET EARNINGS $ 17,172 $ 51,042 $ 75,335 $ 155,930
BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE
Continuing operations $ 0.26 $ 0.68 $ 1.08 $ 2.08
Discontinued operations — 0.01 — 0.03
TOTAL BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE $ 0.26 $ 0.69 $ 1.08 $ 2.11
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE
Continuing operations $ 0.24 0.57 $ 0.98 1.76
Discontinued operations — 0.01 — 0.02
TOTAL DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE $ 0.24 0.58 $ 0.98 $ 1.78
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES
Basic 67,253 73,998 69,909 73,956
Diluted 72,672 88,746 78,427 88,980

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*			*2023*
NET EARNINGS	$	8,619		$	20,141
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:
Defined Benefit Pension		1,984			3,705
Defined Benefit Post-Retirement		(17	)		—

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, net of tax	$	10,586		$	23,846

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
NET EARNINGS $ 17,172 $ 51,042 $ 75,335 $ 155,930
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME:
Defined Benefit Pension 3,685 773 11,055 1,256
Defined Benefit Post-Retirement — 9 — 27
Foreign Currency Translation — — 20 —
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, net of tax $ 20,857 $ 51,824 $ 86,410 $ 157,213

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC.

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ~~STOCKHOLDERS’~~STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share data)

												*Accumulated*
							*Additional*					*Other*
	*Common Stock*						*Paid-in*			*Accumulated*		*Comprehensive*
	*Number*			*Amount*			*Capital*			*Earnings*		*Income (Loss)*			*Total*
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2022		72,327,758		$	723		$	986,303		$	528,882	$	(103,402	)	$	1,412,506
Stock-based compensation plans
Issuance of common shares, net of withholdings		124,152			2			(1,555	)							(1,553	)
Forfeited restricted stock		(300	)		—			—								—
Purchase of common stock		(1,000,000	)		(10	)		(22,127	)							(22,137	)
Amortization of stock awards and restricted stock								1,405								1,405
Total comprehensive income											20,141		3,705			23,846
BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2023		71,451,610		$	715		$	964,026		$	549,023	$	(99,697	)	$	1,414,067

																							*Accumulated*
		Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Earnings (Deficit)		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total							*Additional*					*Other*
		Number	Amount										*Common Stock*					*Paid-in*			*Accumulated*		*Comprehensive*
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2022		74,369,138	$	744	$	1,037,139	$	435,189	$	(61,579)	$	1,411,493
Stock-based compensation plans
													*Number*			*Amount*		*Capital*			*Earnings*		*Income (Loss)*			*Total*
Issuance of common shares, net of withholdings		(2,202)	—		(80)						(80)
Forfeited restricted stock		(300)	—		—						—

Amortization of stock awards and restricted stock					2,295						2,295
Total comprehensive income							51,042		782		51,824
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2022		74,366,636	$	744	$	1,039,354	$	486,231	$	(60,797)	$	1,465,532

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2021		74,142,183	$	741	$	1,074,286	$	309,430	$	(62,080)	$	1,322,377
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2023														65,240,961		$	652	$	836,270		$	589,209	$	(57,429	)	$	1,368,702
Stock-based compensation plans	Stock-based compensation plans
Grant of restricted stock	Grant of restricted stock	109,200	1		(1)						—			427,400			4		(4	)							—
Issuance of common shares, net of withholdings	Issuance of common shares, net of withholdings	120,053	2		(1,521)						(1,519)			38,824			1		(464	)							(463	)
Forfeited restricted stock	Forfeited restricted stock	(4,800)	—		—						—			(4,800	)		—		—								—

Cumulative effect in change in accounting principle					(39,559)		20,871				(18,688)
Amortization of stock awards and restricted stock	Amortization of stock awards and restricted stock				6,149						6,149								2,600								2,600
Total comprehensive income	Total comprehensive income						155,930		1,283		157,213											8,619		1,967			10,586
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2022		74,366,636	$	744	$	1,039,354	486,231		(60,797)		$	1,465,532
BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2024														65,702,385		$	657	$	838,402		$	597,828	$	(55,462	)	$	1,381,425

See notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

~~AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC.~~

~~UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY, cont.~~

~~(In thousands, except share data)~~
Common Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital Accumulated Earnings (Deficit) Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Total
Number Amount
BALANCE AT June 30, 2023 70,761,243 $ 708 $ 951,463 $ 587,045 $ (96,012) $ 1,443,204
Stock-based compensation plans
Grant of restricted stock — — — —
Issuance of common shares, net of withholdings — — — —
Forfeited restricted stock (10,400) (1) — (1)
Purchase of common stock (5,435,777) (54) (119,606) (119,660)
Settlement of convertible note hedges and warrants 1,270 1,270
Amortization of stock awards and restricted stock 2,503 2,503
Total comprehensive income 17,172 3,685 20,857
BALANCE AT September 30, 2023 65,315,066 $ 653 $ 835,630 $ 604,217 $ (92,327) $ 1,348,173
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2022 72,327,758 $ 723 $ 986,303 $ 528,882 $ (103,402) $ 1,412,506
Stock-based compensation plans
Grant of restricted stock 265,361 3 (3) —
Issuance of common shares, net of withholdings 122,724 2 (1,580) (1,578)
Forfeited restricted stock (15,000) (1) (1)
Purchase of common stock (7,385,777) (74) (156,829) (156,903)
Settlement of convertible note hedges and warrants 1,270 1,270
Amortization of stock awards and restricted stock 6,469 6,469
Total comprehensive income 75,335 11,075 86,410
BALANCE AT September 30, 2023 65,315,066 $ 653 $ 835,630 604,217 (92,327) $ 1,348,173

~~See notes to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.~~

AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2023 2022
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net earnings from continuing operations $ 75,335 $ 154,194
Net earnings from discontinued operations — 1,736
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 269,705 265,306
Pension and post-retirement 14,235 1,662
Deferred income taxes 21,418 40,892
Amortization of stock-based compensation 6,469 6,149
Loss from non-consolidated affiliates 4,398 5,577
Net (gain) loss on financial instruments (1,856) (9,402)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable 73,443 (45,149)
Inventory and prepaid supplies 10,854 (9,200)
Accounts payable 50,881 4,863
Unearned revenue 7,325 (10,685)
Accrued expenses, salaries, wages, benefits and other liabilities (671) 12,789
Pension and post-retirement balances (6,308) (18,737)
Other 865 (1,925)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES 526,093 398,070
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Expenditures for property and equipment (581,340) (448,358)
Proceeds from property and equipment 10,516 3,759
Acquisitions and investments in businesses (1,600) (16,233)
NET CASH (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES (572,424) (460,832)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Principal payments on secured debt (180,534) (345,525)
Proceeds from revolving credit facilities 220,000 510,000
Payments for financing costs (10,779) —
Proceeds from convertible note issuance 400,000 —
Repurchase of senior unsecured notes — (115,204)
Repurchase of convertible notes (203,247) —
Purchase of common stock (155,349) —
Withholding taxes paid for conversion of employee stock awards (1,578) (1,519)
Other financing related proceeds 1,269 —
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES 69,782 47,752
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 23,451 (15,010)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR 27,134 69,496
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR $ 50,585 $ 54,486
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest paid, net of amount capitalized $ 42,544 $ 39,711
Federal and state income taxes paid $ 6,543 $ 1,735
SUPPLEMENTAL NON-CASH INFORMATION:
Accrued expenditures for property and equipment $ 84,866 $ 51,085

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*			*2023*
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net earnings from continuing operations	$	8,619		$	20,141
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		94,965			90,936
Pension and post-retirement		2,571			4,745
Deferred income taxes		2,276			4,768
Amortization of stock-based compensation		2,600			1,405
Loss from non-consolidated affiliates		79			406
Net (gain) loss on financial instruments		(2,355	)		1,740
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(5,704	)		74,500
Inventory and prepaid supplies		924			(1,361	)
Accounts payable		1,226			13,321
Unearned revenue		518			13,361
Accrued expenses, salaries, wages, benefits and other liabilities		23,311			(4,643	)
Pension and post-retirement balances		(2,437	)		(2,452	)
Other		(173	)		(489	)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES		126,420			216,378
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Expenditures for property and equipment		(102,321	)		(218,801	)
Proceeds from property and equipment		895			9,860
Acquisitions and investments in businesses		(9,800	)		(800	)
NET CASH (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES		(111,226	)		(209,741	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Principal payments on long term obligations		(140,105	)		(25,214	)
Proceeds from revolving credit facilities		95,000			105,000
Payments for financing costs		—			(484	)
Purchase of common stock		—			(21,918	)
Withholding taxes paid for conversion of employee stock awards		(463	)		(1,553	)
NET CASH (USED IN) PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES		(45,568	)		55,831

NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(30,374	)		62,468
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR		53,555			27,134
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR	$	23,181		$	89,602

SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest paid, net of amount capitalized	$	31,622		$	11,652
Federal and state income taxes paid	$	28		$	60
Restricted balance of cash	$	11,459		$	1,997
SUPPLEMENTAL NON-CASH INFORMATION:
Accrued expenditures for property and equipment	$	62,653		$	68,338

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE A—A—SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT PREPARATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Nature of Operations

ATSG is a holding company whose subsidiaries lease aircraft and provide contracted airline operations as well as other support services mainly to the air transportation, e-commerce and package delivery industries.

The Company's leasing subsidiary, Cargo Aircraft Management, Inc. (“CAM”), leases aircraft to each of the Company's airlines as well as to non-affiliated airlines and other lessees. The Company's airlines, ABX Air, Inc. (“ABX”), Air Transport International, Inc. (“ATI”) and Omni Air International, LLC ("OAI") each have the authority, through their separate U.S. Department of Transportation ("DOT") and Federal Aviation Administration ("FAA") certificates, to transport cargo worldwide. The Company provides a combination of aircraft, crews, maintenance and insurance services for its customers' transportation network through crew, maintenance and insurance ("CMI") agreements and aircraft, crew, maintenance and insurance ("ACMI") agreements and through charter contracts in which aircraft fuel is also included. The Company's subsidiary, LGSTX Services, Inc. ("LGSTX") provides for the management of aircraft ground services.

In addition to its aircraft leasing and airline services, the Company offers a range of complementary services to delivery companies, freight forwarders, airlines and government customers. These include aircraft maintenance and modification services, aircraft parts supply, equipment maintenance services and load transfer and package sorting services.

Table of Contents

Basis of Presentation

The financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). The accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with GAAP and such principles are applied on a basis consistent with the financial statements reflected in our ~~2022~~2023 Form ~~10-K.~~10-K. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC related to interim financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying financial statements contain all adjustments, including normal recurring

adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company's results of operations and financial position for the periods presented. Due to seasonal fluctuations, among other factors common to the air cargo industry, the results of operations for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected for the entire year or any interim period. The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements. The accounting estimates reflect the best judgment of the management, but actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ATSG and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Inter-company balances and transactions are eliminated. Investments in affiliates in which the Company has significant influence but does not exercise control are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the Company's share of the non-consolidated affiliate's income or loss is recognized in the consolidated statement of earnings and cumulative post-acquisition changes in the investment are adjusted against the carrying amount of the investment.

Accounting Standards Updates

In ~~August 2020,~~ November 2023, the ~~Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB")~~FASB issued ~~Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”~~ASU No.2023-07, "Segment Reporting (Topic 280) ~~2020-06, "Accounting~~: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures." This standard requires disclosure of significant segment expenses and other segment items by reportable segment. This ASU becomes effective for ~~Convertible Instruments~~annual periods beginning in 2024 and ~~Contracts~~interim periods in an Entity's Own Equity" ("ASU 2020-06"). This new standard removes the separation models for convertible debt with cash conversion or beneficial conversion features. It eliminates the "treasury stock" method for convertible instruments and requires application of the “if-converted” method for certain agreements.2025. The Company ~~adopted ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective approach which resulted in the following adjustments:~~

(in thousands) December 31, 2021 Adoption of ASU 2020-06 January 1, 2022
Balance Sheet line item:
Principal value $ (258,750) $ — $ (258,750)
Unamortized issuance cost $ 2,889 $ — $ 2,889
Unamortized discount $ 24,215 $ (24,215) $ —
Convertible Debt $ (231,646) $ (24,215) $ (255,861)
Net deferred tax liability $ (217,291) $ 5,527 $ (211,764)
Additional paid-in capital $ (1,074,286) $ 39,559 $ (1,034,727)
Retained earnings $ (309,430) $ (20,871) $ (330,301)

~~After adopting ASU 2020-06, the Company's Convertible Notes due 2024 (as defined and discussed in Note F) are reflected entirely as a liability as the embedded conversion feature~~ is no longer separately presented within stockholders' equity, which also eliminated the non-cash discount. Accordingly, earnings no longer reflect the discount amortization expense which was $6.4 million of interest expense, net of income taxes during 2021. After giving effect for the adoption, the effective interest rate on the Convertible Notes is 1.5%.

~~ASU 2020-06 requires the application of the more dilutive if-converted method when calculating~~assessing the impact of this ASU and upon adoption expects that any impact would be limited to additional segment expense disclosures in the ~~Convertible Notes~~footnotes to its consolidated financial statements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No.2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures." This standard enhances disclosures related to income taxes, including the rate reconciliation and information on ~~earnings per diluted share.~~ income taxes paid. This ASU becomes effective January 1, 2025. The Company is assessing the impact of this ASU and upon adoption ~~of ASU 2020-06 does not change~~expects to include certain additional disclosures in the ~~accounting treatment of shares~~footnotes to ~~be delivered by the convertible note hedges (see Note F) purchased by the Company that are designed to offset the shares issued to settle~~ its ~~Convertible Notes, which are anti-dilutive and not reflected in earnings per diluted share.~~

consolidated financial statements.

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NOTE B—B—GOODWILL, INTANGIBLES AND EQUITY INVESTMENTS

The carrying amounts of goodwill by reportable segment are as follows (in thousands):

CAM ACMI Services All Other Total
Carrying value as of December 31, 2022 $ 153,290 $ 234,571 $ 8,113 $ 395,974
Carrying value as of September 30, 2023 $ 153,290 $ 234,571 $ 8,113 $ 395,974

	*CAM*		*ACMI Services*		*All Other*		*Total*
Carrying value as of December 31, 2023	$	153,290	$	234,571	$	8,113	$	395,974
Carrying value as of March 31, 2024	$	153,290	$	234,571	$	8,113	$	395,974

The Company's acquired intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

Airline Amortizing
Certificates Intangibles Total
Carrying value as of December 31, 2022 $ 9,000 $ 87,668 $ 96,668
Amortization — (7,661) (7,661)
Carrying value as of September 30, 2023 $ 9,000 $ 80,007 $ 89,007

	*Airline*		*Amortizing*
	*Certificates*		*Intangibles*			*Total*
Carrying value as of December 31, 2023	$	9,000	$	77,453		$	86,453
Amortization		—		(2,553	)		(2,553	)
Carrying value as of March 31, 2024	$	9,000	$	74,900		$	83,900

The airline certificates have an indefinite life and therefore are not amortized. The Company amortizes finite-lived ~~intangibles~~intangible assets, including customer relationship and Supplemental Type Certificates ("STC") intangibles, over 42 to 1715 remaining years.

Stock warrants issued to Amazon.com, Inc. (“Amazon”) (see Note C) as an incentive for a subsidiary of Amazon to lease aircraft from the Company are recorded as a lease incentive asset using their fair value at the time that the lessee has met its performance obligations and amortized against revenues over the duration of related aircraft leases. The Company's lease incentive granted to the lessee was as follows (in thousands):


	~~Lease~~
	~~Incentive~~
~~Carrying value as of December 31, 2022~~	$	~~79,650~~
~~Amortization~~	~~(14,777)~~
~~Carrying value as of September 30, 2023~~	$	~~64,873~~

	*Lease*
	*Incentive*
Carrying value as of December 31, 2023	$	60,961
Amortization		(3,912	)
Carrying value as of March 31, 2024	$	57,049

The Company has a 49% ownership in a joint-venture agreement with Precision Aircraft Solutions, LLC, to develop a passenger-to-freighter conversion program for Airbus ~~A321-200~~A321-200 aircraft. In April of 2022, the Company acquired a 40% ownership interest in the joint-venture company GA Telesis Engine Services, LLC to provide engine tear-down services to harvest and sell engine parts. The Company accounts for its investment in these joint ventures under the equity method of accounting, in which the carrying value of each investment is reduced for the Company's share of the non-consolidated affiliates' operating results.

The carrying value of the joint ventures totaled ~~$21.9~~$32.4 million and ~~$18.9~~$22.7 million at ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively, and are reflected in “Other Assets” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company monitors its investments in affiliates for indicators of other-than-temporary declines in value on an ongoing basis in accordance with GAAP. If the Company determines that an other-than-temporary decline in value has occurred, it recognizes an impairment loss, which is measured as the difference between the recorded carrying value and the fair value of the investment. The fair value is generally determined using an income approach based on discounted cash flows or using negotiated transaction values.

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NOTE C—C—SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMERS

Three customers each account for a significant portion of the Company's consolidated revenues. The percentage of the Company's revenues for the Company's three largest customers, for the three month period ended March 31, 2024 and ~~nine month periods ending September 30,~~ 2023 ~~and 2022~~ are as follows:

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Customer Percentage of Revenue Percentage of Revenue
U.S. Department of Defense ("DoD") 34% 31% 31% 29%
Amazon 33% 34% 34% 34%
DHL 12% 13% 13% 12%

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*			*2023*
Customer	*Percentage of Revenue*
DoD		28	%		29	%
Amazon		34	%		35	%
DHL		13	%		14	%

The accounts receivable from the Company's three largest customers as of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023 are as follows (in thousands):

September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Customer Accounts Receivable
DoD $ 71,873 $ 125,156
Amazon 77,915 86,607
DHL 9,506 19,644

	*March 31, 2024*		*December 31, 2023*
Customer	*Accounts Receivable*
DoD	$	64,050	$	56,848
Amazon		83,209		74,509
DHL		9,777		8,040

DoD

The Company is a provider of cargo and passenger airlift services to the ~~DoD.~~U.S. Department of Defense ("DoD"). The Company's airlines are eligible to bid for military charter operations for passenger and cargo transportation through contracts awarded by the DoD. The airlines draw from the Company's fleet of Boeing 757 combi, Boeing 777 passenger, Boeing 767 passenger and Boeing 767 freighter aircraft for the DoD operations. The DoD awards flights to U.S. certificated airlines through annual contracts and through temporary "expansion" routes.

DHL

The Company has had long-term contracts with DHL Network Operations (USA), Inc. and its affiliates ("DHL") since August 2003. The Company leases Boeing 767 aircraft to DHL under both long-term and short-term lease agreements. Under a separate CMI agreement, the Company operates Boeing 767 aircraft that DHL leases from the Company. Pricing for services provided through the CMI agreement is based on pre-defined fees, scaled for the number of aircraft operated and the number of flight crews provided to DHL for its U.S. network. The Company provides DHL with scheduled maintenance services for aircraft that DHL leases. The Company also provides additional air cargo transportation services for DHL through ACMI agreements in which the Company provides the aircraft, crews, maintenance and insurance under a single contract. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company leased 1214 Boeing 767 freighter aircraft to DHL comprised of one Boeing ~~767-200~~767-200 aircraft and ~~eleven~~13 Boeing ~~767-300~~767-300 aircraft, with expirations between ~~2023~~ 2025and ~~2029.~~2031. Further, beginning in third quarter of 2022, the Company began to operate four Boeing 767 aircraft provided by DHL under an additional CMI agreement which currently runs through August 2027.

Table of ~~2027.~~Contents

Amazon

The Company has been providing freighter aircraft, airline operations and services for cargo handling and logistical support for Amazon.com Services, LLC, ("ASI") a subsidiary of Amazon, since September 2015. On March 8, 2016, the Company entered into an Air Transportation Services Agreement (the “ATSA”) with ASI, pursuant to which CAM leases Boeing 767 freighter aircraft to ASI. The ATSA also provides for the operation of aircraft by the Company’s airline subsidiaries, and the management of ground services by LGSTX. As of

~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company leased 3734 Boeing 767 freighter aircraft to ASI with lease expirations between 2024 and 2031.

Amazon Investment Agreement

~~In conjunction with the execution of the ATSA,~~

On December 22, 2018, the Company ~~and Amazon~~ entered into an ~~Investment~~Amended and Restated Air Transportation Services Agreement ~~on March 8, 2016 (as amended, the “2016 Investment Agreement”~~("A&R ATSA") ~~and a Stockholders Agreement on March 8, 2016. The 2016 Investment Agreement called for~~with ASI, pursuant to which the Company, through CAM and its airline subsidiaries, agreed to issue warrants in three tranches granting Amazon the right to acquire up to 19.9% of the Company’s outstanding common shares as described below. The first tranche of warrants, issued upon the execution of the 2016 Investment Agreement granted Amazon the right to purchase approximately 12.81 million ATSG common shares, with the first 7.69 million common shares vesting upon issuance on March 8, 2016, and the remaining 5.12 million common shares vesting as the Company delivered additional aircraft leased under the ATSA. The second tranche of warrants, which were issued and vested on March 8, 2018, granted Amazon the right to purchase approximately 1.59 million ATSG common shares. The third tranche of warrants vested on September 8, 2020, and granted Amazon the right to purchase an additional 0.5 million ATSG common shares to bring Amazon’s ownership, after the exercise in full of the three tranches of warrants, to 19.9% of the Company’s pre-transaction outstanding common shares measured on a GAAP-diluted basis, adjusted for share issuances and repurchases by the Company following the date of the 2016 Investment Agreement and after giving effect to the warrants granted. The exercise price of the 14.9 million warrants issued under the 2016 Investment Agreement was $9.73 per share, which represents the closing price of ATSG’s common shares on February 9, 2016. Each of the three tranches of warrants were exercisable in accordance with their terms through March 8, 2021 (subject to extension if regulatory approvals, exemptions, authorizations, consents or clearances have not been obtained by such date).

On March 5, 2021, Amazon exercised warrants from the 2016 Investment Agreement for 865,548 shares of ATSG's common stock through a cashless exercise by forfeiting 480,047 warrants from the 2016 Investment Agreement as payment. For the cashless exchange, ATSG shares were valued at $27.27 per share, its volume-weighted average price for the previous 30 trading days immediately preceding March 5, 2021. Also on March 5, 2021, Amazon notified the Company of its intent to exercise warrants from the 2016 Investment Agreement for 13,562,897 shares of ATSG's common stock by paying $132.0 million of cash to the Company. This exercise was contingent upon the approval of the DOT, and the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period pursuant to the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976. After receiving all required regulatory approvals and clearances, Amazon remitted the funds to the Company on May 7, 2021, and the Company issued the corresponding shares of ATSG's common stock, completing the warrant exercise.

~~On December 22, 2018, the Company announced agreements with Amazon to 1)~~(1) lease and operate ten additional Boeing ~~767-300~~767-300 aircraft for ASI 2)under the A&R ATSA, (2) extend the term of the 12 Boeing ~~767-200~~767-200 aircraft ~~currently~~then leased to ASI by two years to 2023 with an option for three more years, 3)(3) extend the term of the eight Boeing ~~767-300~~767-300 aircraft currently leased to ASI by three years to 2026 and 2027 with an option for three more years, and 4)(4) extend the ATSA by five years through March 2026, with an option to extend for an additional three years. The Company leased all ten of the ~~767-300~~767-300 aircraft in 2020. In conjunction with the commitment ~~for~~ to lease ten additional Boeing 767-300 aircraft, ~~leases, extensions~~extend the duration of ~~twenty~~20 existing Boeing 767 aircraft leases and the ATSA described above, Amazon and the Company entered into ~~another~~an Investment Agreement on December 20, 2018 ~~(the "2018~~(the "2018 Investment Agreement"). Pursuant to the 2018 Investment Agreement, the Company issued to Amazon warrants for 14.8 million common shares of ~~ATSG. This group~~ATSG, all of ~~warrants will expire if not exercised within seven years from their issuance date, in December of 2025 (subject to extension if regulatory approvals, exemptions, authorizations, consents or clearances~~which have ~~not been obtained by such date).~~vested. The warrants have an exercise price of $21.53 per share.

On May 6, 2024, this group of warrants was modified to extend their expiration date from December 2025 to December of 2029 in conjunction with the 3rd A&R ATSA described and defined below.

On May 29, 2020, the Company entered into a Second Amended and Restated Air Transportation Services Agreement (the "2nd A&R ATSA") with ASI, pursuant to which the Company agreed to lease ~~twelve~~12 more Boeing ~~767-300~~767-300 aircraft ~~from~~to ASI for operation by the ~~Company.~~Company's airline subsidiaries under the 2nd A&R ATSA. The first of these leases began in the second quarter of 2020 with the remaining eleven delivered in 2021. All ~~twelve~~12 of these aircraft leases were for ~~ten-year~~ten-year terms. Pursuant to the 2018 Investment Agreement, as a result of leasing 12 aircraft, Amazon was issued warrants for 7.0 million common shares, all of which have vested. ~~These warrants will expire if not exercised by December 20, 2025 (subject to extension if regulatory approvals, exemptions, authorizations, consents or clearances have not been obtained by such date).~~The exercise price of these warrants is $20.40 per share.

On May 6, 2024, this group of warrants was modified to extend their expiration date from December 2025 to December of 2029 in conjunction with the 3rd A&R ATSA described below under subsequent event.

Issued and outstanding warrants are summarized below as of ~~September 30, 2023:~~

Common Shares in millions
Exercise price Vested Non-Vested Expiration
2018 Investment Agreement $21.53 14.8 0.0 December 20, 2025
2018 Investment Agreement $20.40 7.0 0.0 December 20, 2025

~~Additionally,~~ March 31, 2024:

			*Common Shares in millions*
	*Exercise price*		*Vested*		*Non-Vested*		*Expiration*

2018 Investment Agreement	$	21.53		14.8		0.0	December 20, 2025
2018 Investment Agreement	$	20.40		7.0		0.0	December 20, 2025

Prior to May 6, 2024 Amazon ~~can~~could earn additional warrants for up to 2.9 million common shares under the 2018 Investment Agreement by leasing up to five more cargo aircraft from the Company before January 2026. Incremental warrants granted for ASI’s commitment to any such future aircraft leases ~~will~~would have had an exercise price based on the volume-weighted average price of the Company's shares during the 30 trading days immediately preceding the contractual commitment for each lease.

This right to earn warrants was replaced on May 6, 2024 as noted below.

For all outstanding warrants vested, Amazon may select a cashless conversion option. Assuming ATSG's stock price at the time of conversion is above the warrant exercise price, Amazon would receive fewer shares in exchange for any warrants exercised under the cashless option by surrendering the number of shares with a market value equal to the exercise price.

The Company resumed repurchases of its own shares during October 2022 in conjunction with the expiration of certain government restrictions stemming from the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act. As the Company repurchases its own shares, Amazon has the option to sell shares of ATSG's common stock to the Company to maintain its ownership percentage of less than 19.9% of the Company's outstanding shares pursuant to the terms of ~~the 2016~~an Investment Agreement dated March 8, 2016, as ~~amended~~. amended. On October 7, 2022, Amazon sold 250,000 shares of ATSG's common stock back to the Company for cash of $5.9 million, pursuant to the terms of the 2016 Investment Agreement, as amended on March 5, 2021. Also on December 16, 2022, Amazon sold 260,000 shares of ATSG's common stock back to the Company for cash of $7.0 million. On August 14, 2023 Amazon sold 1,177,000 shares of ATSG common stock back to the Company for cash of $22.9 million. These transactions resulted in Amazon maintaining its ownership percentage of less than 19.9% of ATSG's outstanding common shares at the time.

The Company’s accounting for the warrants and the sale option have been determined in accordance with the financial reporting guidance for financial instruments. Warrants and the sale option are classified as liabilities and are marked to fair value at the end

Table of each reporting period. The value of warrants is recorded as a customer incentive asset if it is probable of vesting at the time of grant and further changes in the fair value of warrant obligations are recorded to earnings. Upon a warrant vesting event, the customer incentive asset is amortized as a reduction of revenue over the duration of the related revenue contract.Contents

As of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company's liabilities reflected warrants and Amazon sale options from the 2018 Amazon agreements having a fair value of ~~$1.8~~$1.6 million and ~~$0.7~~$1.7 million, respectively. During the three month ~~and nine month periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the re-measurements of warrants and sale options to fair value resulted in net non-operating ~~losses~~gains of $0.1 million ~~and $1.1 million before the effect of income taxes, respectively,~~ compared to net non-operating ~~gains~~losses of ~~$0.1 million and $0.2~~$0.8 million in the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~

2023.

Subsequent Event

On May 6, 2024, the Company entered into a Third Amended and Restated Air Transportation Services Agreement with ASI (the "3rd A&R ATSA") pursuant to which the Company, through its subsidiary air carriers, will sublease and operate ten additional Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft to be provided by ASI, with the potential to add up to ten additional Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft. The Company's subsidiary air carriers are scheduled to begin operating the first of those ten aircraft in June of this year with the remaining aircraft being delivered through November of this year. The initial term of the 3rd A&R ATSA runs through May 6, 2029, and may be extended by the parties for an additional five years subject to mutual agreement. In conjunction with the execution of the 3rd A&R ATSA, the Company issued warrants to Amazon for up to 2.9 million common shares of ATSG (the “2024 Subsequent Warrant”). The 2024 Subsequent Warrant vests in four equal tranches of 728,750 shares of ATSG common stock on its issue date and each of the firstthree anniversaries thereof; provided that, for each of the second, third and fourth tranches, Amazon has compensated ATSG for a certain number of flight hours in a specified period immediately preceding such anniversary. The 2024 Subsequent Warrant has a term of seven years, and the exercise price is $12.96 per share of ATSG common stock. As partial consideration for the 3rd A&R ATSA, the 2024 Subsequent Warrant was issued to replace Amazon’s prior warrant right under the 2018 Investment Agreement for 2.9 million common shares related to aircraft leases commitments.

Also on May 6, 2024, in conjunction with the execution of the 3rd A&R ATSA, the Company and Amazon agreed upon the form of the warrant to be issued to purchase up to 2.9 million additional common shares (the “Third Subsequent Warrant”). The Third Subsequent Warrant will be issued by the Company upon the earlier of the first anniversary of the 3^rd A&R ATSA and the date upon which the Company begins providing services to Amazon with the tenth aircraft to be placed into service by Amazon pursuant to the 3rd A&R ATSA. The Third Subsequent Warrant will vest in (i) one tranche of 291,500 shares of ATSG common stock upon Amazon’s entry into each aircraft lease extension with ATSG for at least three years, and (ii) four equal tranches of 72,875 shares of ATSG common stock upon each placement by Amazon of additional aircraft into service with ATSG (i.e., aircraft beyond the tenth aircraft, up to a maximum of ten additional aircraft), with the first tranche vesting with the placement of the aircraft into service and the remaining tranches vesting on each of the firstthree anniversaries thereof; provided that, for each of the second, third and fourth tranches, Amazon has compensated ATSG for a certain number of flight hours in a specified period immediately preceding such anniversary plus a certain number of flight hours per additional aircraft placed into service during such specified period. The Third Subsequent Warrant will have a term of seven years and the exercise price per share of ATSG common stock will be the volume weighted average price of ATSG's common stock for the 30 trading days preceding the warrant issue date.

Additionally, on May 6, 2024, the expiration dates for the two existing vested warrants totaling 21.8 million shares (the warrants issued on December 20, 2018 for 14.8 million shares and the warrants issued on May 29, 2020, for 7.0 million shares) issued pursuant to the 2018 Investment Agreement, were extended from December 2025 to December of 2029.

The Company's accounting for warrants issued to a customer is determined in accordance with the financial reporting guidance for equity-based payments to non-employees and for financial instruments. Generally, warrants issued to a customer are recorded as an incentive asset using their fair value at the time of issuance if it is probable of vesting at the time of grant. The incentive is amortized against revenues over the duration of related flight operations and leases. The Company's earnings in future periods will be impacted by the re-measurements of warrant fair value, ~~sale option fair value,~~ amortizations of the ~~lease~~ incentive ~~asset~~ and the related income tax effects. For income tax calculations, the value and timing of related tax deductions ~~will~~ may differ from ~~the guidance described above~~that used for financial reporting.

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NOTE D—D—FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company’s money market funds and interest rate swaps are reported on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at fair values based on market values from comparable transactions. The fair value of the Company’s money market funds, Convertible Notes (as defined in Note F), convertible note hedges and interest rate swaps are based on observable inputs (Level 2)2) from comparable market transactions.

The fair values of the stock warrant obligations to Amazon resulting from aircraft leased to ASI were determined using a Black-Scholes pricing model which considers various assumptions, including ATSG's common stock price, the volatility of ATSG's common stock, the expected dividend yield, exercise price and the risk-free interest rate

~~(Level~~ (Level 2 inputs). The fair value of the stock warrant obligations for unvested stock warrants, conditionally granted to Amazon for the execution of incremental, future aircraft leases, include additional assumptions including the expected exercise prices and the probabilities that future leases will occur (Level 3 inputs). The fair value of the sale option for Amazon to sell back shares to the Company under certain conditions was determined based on future share repurchase scenarios. Judgement was applied to determine the number of shares that would be repurchased by the Company at a certain price and the probability of each scenario. There is uncertainty regarding the future stock price at the time of repurchase which affects the magnitude of the gain or loss recognized (Level 3 inputs).

The following table reflects assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

As of September 30, 2023 Fair Value Measurement Using Total
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents—money market $ — $ 1,233 $ — $ 1,233
Interest rate swap — 3,313 — 3,313
Total Assets $ — $ 4,546 $ — $ 4,546
Liabilities
Sale option — — (1,258) $ (1,258)
Stock warrant obligations — — (558) (558)
Total Liabilities $ — $ — $ (1,816) $ (1,816)

As of December 31, 2022 Fair Value Measurement Using Total
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents—money market $ — $ 4,047 $ — $ 4,047
Interest rate swap — 677 — 677
Total Assets $ — $ 4,724 $ — $ 4,724
Liabilities
Stock warrant obligations — — (695) (695)
Total Liabilities $ — $ — $ (695) $ (695)

As of March 31, 2024	*Fair Value Measurement Using*
	*Level 1*		*Level 2*		*Level 3*			*Total*
Assets
Cash equivalents—money market	$	—	$	1,318	$	—		$	1,318
Interest rate swap		—		1,723		—			1,723
Total Assets	$	—	$	3,041	$	—		$	3,041
Liabilities
Sale option		—		—		(1,258	)		(1,258	)
Stock warrant obligations		—		—		(368	)		(368	)
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	(1,626	)	$	(1,626	)

As of December 31, 2023	*Fair Value Measurement Using*
	*Level 1*		*Level 2*			*Level 3*			*Total*
Assets
Cash equivalents—money market	$	—	$	1,248		$	—		$	1,248
Interest rate swap		—		—			—			—
Total Assets	$	—	$	1,248		$	—		$	1,248
Liabilities
Interest rate swap		—		(529	)		—			(529	)
Sale Option		—		—			(1,258	)		(1,258	)
Stock warrant obligations		—		—			(471	)		(471	)
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	(529	)	$	(1,729	)	$	(2,258	)

As a result of higher market interest rates compared to the stated interest rates of the Company’s fixed rate debt obligations, the fair value of the Company’s debt obligations, based on Level 2 observable inputs, was approximately ~~$69.6~~$126.6 million less than the carrying value, which was ~~$1,691.8~~$1,717.8 million at ~~September 30, 2023.~~March 31, 2024. As of December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the fair value of the Company’s debt obligations was approximately ~~$48.3~~$97.6 million less than the carrying value, which was ~~$1,464.9~~$1,762.3 million. The non-financial assets, including goodwill, intangible assets and property and equipment are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis.

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NOTE E—E—PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT

The Company's property and equipment consists primarily of cargo aircraft, aircraft engines and other flight equipment. Property and equipment, to be held and used, is summarized as follows (in thousands):

September 30,
2023 December 31,
2022
Flight equipment $ 3,866,140 $ 3,506,134
Ground equipment 71,419 70,092
Leasehold improvements, facilities and office equipment 41,417 40,183
Aircraft modifications and projects in progress 588,432 445,633
4,567,408 4,062,042
Accumulated depreciation (1,817,902) (1,659,634)
Property and equipment, net $ 2,749,506 $ 2,402,408

	*March 31,*			*December 31,*
	*2024*			*2023*
Flight equipment	$	4,055,379		$	3,865,049
Ground equipment		72,653			72,463
Leasehold improvements, facilities and office equipment		43,659			42,120
Aircraft modifications and projects in progress		551,630			638,631
		4,723,321			4,618,263
Accumulated depreciation		(1,856,986	)		(1,797,494	)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,866,335		$	2,820,769

CAM owned aircraft with a carrying value of ~~$1,649.8~~$1,715.4 million and ~~$1,474.6~~$1,640.9 million that were under lease to external customers as of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

NOTE F—F—DEBT OBLIGATIONS

Debt obligations consisted of the following (in thousands):

September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Revolving credit facility 660,000 620,000
Senior notes 578,454 578,094
Convertible notes 443,942 256,903
Other financing arrangements 9,393 9,927
Total debt obligations 1,691,789 1,464,924
Less: current portion (648) (639)
Total long term obligations, net $ 1,691,141 $ 1,464,285

	*March 31, 2024*			*December 31, 2023*
Revolving credit facility		685,000			730,000
Senior notes		578,694			578,574
Convertible notes		444,897			444,420
Other financing arrangements		9,183			9,288
Total debt obligations		1,717,774			1,762,282
Less: current portion		(54,768	)		(54,710	)
Total long term obligations, net	$	1,663,006		$	1,707,572

The Company is a party to a syndicated credit agreement (as amended, the "Senior Credit Agreement") which includes the ability to execute term loans and a revolving credit facility. The Senior Credit Agreement includes a revolving credit facility of up to $1 billion, has a maturity date of October 19, 2027, requires a collateral to outstanding loan ratio of 1.25:1:00 and permits cash dividends and share repurchases provided the secured leverage ratio is less than 3.00 to 1.00 and the total leverage ratio is less than 3.50 to 1.00. The interest rate under the Senior Credit Agreement is a pricing premium added to SOFR based upon the ratio of the Company's debt to its earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization expenses ("EBITDA") as defined under the Senior Credit Agreement. Under the terms of the Senior Credit Agreement, interest rates are adjusted at least quarterly based on the Company's EBITDA, its outstanding debt level and prevailing SOFR or prime rates. At the Company's debt-to-EBITDA ratio as of March 31, 2024, the SOFR-based financing for the revolving credit facility bears a variable interest rate of 6.68%. As of March 31, 2024, the unused revolving credit facility available to the Company at the trailing twelve-month EBITDA level was $403.7 million, and additional permitted indebtedness under the Senior Credit Agreement subject to compliance with other covenants.

The Senior Credit Agreement is collateralized by certain of the Company's Boeing 777,767 and 757 aircraft. Under the terms of the Senior Credit Agreement, the Company is required to maintain certain collateral coverage ratios set forth in the Senior Credit Agreement. The Senior Credit Agreement contains covenants, including a maximum permitted total EBITDA to debt ratio, a fixed charge covenant ratio requirement, and limitations on certain additional indebtedness and on guarantees of indebtedness. The Senior Credit Agreement stipulates events of default, including unspecified events that may have material adverse effects on the Company. If an event of default occurs, the Company may be forced to repay, renegotiate or replace the Senior Credit Agreement. The Company has an additional revolving credit facility domiciled in Ireland (the "Irish Facility"). The terms and conditions of the Irish Facility are similar to the Senior Credit Agreement in the U.S. The Irish Facility has a maximum capacity of $100.0 million, including a $7.5 million letter of credit sub-facility, and has the ability to be upsized using the same accordion feature that is present in the Senior Credit Agreement. The maturity date of the Irish Facility is the same as the Senior Credit Agreement.

On August 14, 2023 the Company issued $400.0 million aggregate principal amount of Convertible Senior Notes due 2029 (" ("2023 Convertible Notes"). These notes were issued in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the ~~"1933~~"1933 Act"). The 2023 Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 3.875% per year payable semi-annually in arrears on February 15 and August 15 each year, beginning February 15, 2024. The 2023 Convertible Notes mature on August 15, 2029, unless repurchased or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The 2023 Convertible Notes are unsecured indebtedness, subordinated to the Company's existing and future secured indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables.

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Conversion of the 2023 Convertible Notes can only occur upon satisfaction of certain conditions and during certain periods, beginning any calendar quarter commencing after December 31, 2023 and thereafter, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. The Company will settle the principal value of the notes in cash. The initial conversion rate is ~~$31.2864~~$31.2864 common shares per ~~$1,000~~$1,000 principal amount of 2023 Convertible Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $31.28 per common share). If a “make-whole fundamental change” (as defined in the offering circular with the 2023 Convertible Notes) occurs, ATSG will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a specified period of time. Upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes, holders of the Convertible Notes can require the Company to repurchase their notes for a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest.

The Company used a portion of the proceeds from the 2023 Convertible Notes to repurchase 5,435,777 shares of its common stock concurrently with offering of the 2023 Convertible Notes. Additionally, the Company used a

portion of the proceeds to repurchase $204.5 million principal amount of its outstanding 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes issued in 2017 (the ~~“2017~~“2017 Convertible Notes”). The Company used the remainder of the proceeds from the offering to satisfy fees and expenses associated with the offering, to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings under its revolving credit facility and for general corporate purposes.

~~In addition, the Company is a party to a syndicated credit agreement (as amended, the "Senior Credit Agreement") which includes the ability to execute term loans and a revolving credit facility.~~

On October 19, 2022, the Company amended the Senior Credit Agreement. This amendment i) increased the aggregate amount of the revolving credit facility from $800 million to $1 billion, ii) extended the maturity date of the agreement from April 6, 2026 to October 19, 2027, iii) replaced LIBOR with SOFR as an interest rate benchmark, iv) reduced the collateral to outstanding loan ratio to 1.15:1.00 from 1.25:1:00, v) permits cash dividends and share repurchases provided the secured leverage ratio is less than 3.00 to 1.00 and the total leverage ratio is less than 3.50 to 1.00, and removed the annual limitation on cash dividends and share repurchases which was $100 million.

The interest rate is a pricing premium added to SOFR based upon the ratio of the Company's debt to its earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization expenses ("EBITDA") as defined under the Senior Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2023, the unused revolving credit facility available to the Company at the trailing twelve-month EBITDA level was $427.6 million, and additional permitted indebtedness under the Senior Credit Agreement subject to compliance with other covenants.

~~On March 1, 2023, the Company entered into an additional revolving credit facility domiciled in Ireland (the "Irish Facility").The terms and conditions of the Irish Facility are similar to the Senior Credit Agreement in the U.S.~~The Irish Facility has a maximum capacity of $100.0 million, including a $7.5 million letter of credit sub-facility, and has the ability to be upsized using the same accordion feature that is present in the Senior Credit Agreement.~~The maturity date of the Irish Facility is the same as the Senior Credit Agreement.~~

On January 28,2020, CAM completed a debt offering of $500.0 million in senior unsecured notes (the “Senior Notes”) that were guaranteed by ATSG and certain of its other subsidiaries. The Senior Notes were sold only to qualified institutional buyers in the United States pursuant to Rule 144A under the the 1933 Act, and certain investors pursuant to Regulation S under the 1933 Act. The Senior Notes are senior unsecured obligations that bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.75% per year, payable semiannually in arrears on February 1 and August 1 of each year, beginning on August 1,2020. The Senior Notes will mature on February 1,2028. The Senior Notes contain customary events of default and certain covenants which are generally no more restrictive than those set forth in the Senior Credit Agreement. On April 13, 2021, the Company, through a subsidiary, completed its offering of $200.0 million of additional notes ("Additional Senior Notes") under the existing Senior Notes. The Additional Senior Notes are fully fungible with the Senior Notes, treated as a single class for all purposes under the indenture governing the existing notes with the same terms as those of the existing notes (other than issue date and issue price).

~~During 2022, the Company repurchased Senior Notes having a principal value~~ The proceeds of ~~$120.0 million in the open market at a 5.5% reducing the Senior Notes carrying value to $578.0 million. The Company recognized a net pre-tax gain of $4.5~~$205.5 million, net of ~~fees, which was recorded under net gain~~scheduled interest payable, were issued, in conjunction with draws from the revolving credit facility to repay the unsubordinated term loans. Upon retirement of ~~financial instruments on~~ the ~~income statement during~~unsubordinated term loans, the ~~corresponding period.~~

Company expensed debt issuance costs of $6.5 million related to the unsubordinated term loans.

The balance of the Senior Notes is net of debt issuance costs of ~~$4.6~~$4.0 million and ~~$5.4~~$4.3 million as of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively. Under the terms of the Senior Credit Agreement, interest rates are adjusted at least quarterly based on the Company's EBITDA, its outstanding debt level and prevailing SOFR or prime rates. At the Company's debt-to-EBITDA ratio as of September 30, 2023, the SOFR-based financing for the revolving credit facility bears a variable interest rate of 6.68%. The Senior Notes do not require principal payments until maturity but prepayments are allowed without penalty beginning February 1, 2025.

The Senior Credit Agreement is collateralized by certain of the Company's Boeing 777, 767 and 757 aircraft. Under the terms of the Senior Credit Agreement, the Company is required to maintain certain collateral coverage ratios set forth in the Senior Credit Agreement. The Senior Credit Agreement limits the amount of dividends the Company can pay and the amount of common stock it can repurchase to $100.0 million during any calendar year, provided the Company's total debt to EBITDA ratio is under 3.50 times and the secured debt to EBITDA ratio is under 3.0 times, after giving effect to the dividend or repurchase. The Senior Credit Agreement contains covenants, including a maximum permitted total EBITDA to debt ratio, a fixed charge covenant ratio requirement, and limitations on certain additional indebtedness and on guarantees of indebtedness. The Senior Credit Agreement

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stipulates events of default, including unspecified events that may have material adverse effects on the Company. If an event of default occurs, the Company may be forced to repay, renegotiate or replace the Senior Credit Agreement.

In September 2017, ATSG issued $258.8 million aggregate principal amount of 1.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2024 (the 2017 Convertible Notes) in a private offering to qualified institutional buyers pursuant to Rule 144A under the 1933 Act. The 2017 Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 1.125% per year payable semi-annually in arrears on April 15 and October 15 each year, beginning April 15, 2018. The 2017 Convertible Notes mature on October 15, 2024, unless repurchased or converted in accordance with their terms prior to such date. The 2017 Convertible Notes are unsecured indebtedness, subordinated to the Company's existing and future secured indebtedness and other liabilities, including trade payables. Conversion of the 2017 Convertible Notes can only occur upon satisfaction of certain conditions and during certain periods, beginning any calendar quarter commencing after December 31, 2017 and thereafter, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date. Upon the occurrence of certain fundamental changes, holders of the 2017 Convertible Notes can require the Company to repurchase their notes for a cash repurchase price equal to the principal amount of the notes, plus any accrued and unpaid interest.

ATSG has the right to settle the 2017 Convertible Notes in cash, ATSG common shares or a combination of cash and ATSG common shares. The initial conversion rate is 31.3475 common shares per ~~$1,000~~$1,000 principal amount of 2017 Convertible Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $31.90 per common share). If a “make-whole fundamental change” (as defined in the offering circular with the Convertible Notes) occurs, ATSG will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate for a specified period of time.

In conjunction with the 2017 Convertible Notes, the Company purchased convertible note hedges under privately negotiated transactions for $56.1 million, having the same number of ATSG common shares (8.1 million shares at that time) and same strike price ($31.90) that underlie the 2017 Convertible Notes. The convertible note hedges are expected to reduce the potential equity dilution with respect to ATSG's common shares, and/or offset anyany cash payments in excess of the principal amount due, as the case may be, upon conversion of the 2017 Convertible Notes. The Company's current intent and policy is to settle all Note conversions through a combination settlement which satisfies the principal amount of the 2017 Convertible Notes outstanding with cash.

The conversion feature of the 2017 Convertible Notes required bifurcation from the principal amount under the applicable accounting guidance. On January 1, 2022 the Company adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach as discussed in Note A which recombined the value of the previously bifurcated embedded feature with the convertible note and eliminated the discount.

The carrying value of the Company's convertible debt is shown below (in thousands):

2017 Convertible Notes 2023 Convertible Notes Total Convertible Notes
Principal Value December 31, 2022 258,750 — 258,750
Issuance of convertible debt — 400,000 400,000
Repurchase of convertible debt (204,525) — (204,525)
Unamortized issuance cost (220) (10,063) (10,283)
Convertible Debt September 30, 2023 54,005 389,937 443,942

	*2017 Convertible Notes*			*2023 Convertible Notes*			*Total Convertible Notes*
Principal Value December 31, 2023		54,225			400,000			454,225
Unamortized issuance cost		(110	)		(9,218	)		(9,328	)
Convertible Debt March 31, 2024		54,115			390,782			444,897

In conjunction with the offering of the 2017 Convertible Notes, the Company also sold warrants to the convertible note hedge counterparties in separate, privately negotiated warrant transactions at a higher strike price and for the same number of the Company’s common shares, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. ~~The amount received for these warrants and recorded in Stockholders' Equity in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets~~ ~~was $38.5 million.~~ ~~These warrants could have resulted in 8.1 million a~~dditional shares of ATSG's common stock at that time if the Company's traded market price exceeds the strike price, which is $41.35 per share and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the warrant transactions. The warrants could have a dilutive effect on the computation of earnings per share to the extent the average traded market price of the Company's common shares for reporting periods exceeds the strike price.

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On August 14, 2023, the Company repurchased outstanding 2017 Convertible Notes having a principal value of $204.5 million in the open market, reducing the 2017 Convertible Notes carrying value to $54.2 million. The Company recognized a net pre-tax gain of $1.3 million, net of fees, which was recorded under net gain of financial instruments on the income statement during the corresponding period. In conjunction with the repurchase of the 2017 Convertible Notes the Company settled a pro-rata portion of the related warrants and note hedges and received ~~$1.3~~$1.3 million in net cash proceeds. The share quantity of the convertible note hedges and warrants were 1.7 million shares, respectively at ~~September 30, 2023.~~March 31, 2024.

NOTE G—G—DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company maintains derivative instruments for protection from fluctuating interest rates. The table below provides information about the Company’s interest rate swaps (in thousands):

September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Expiration Date Stated
Interest
Rate Notional
Amount Market
Value
(Liability) Notional
Amount Market
Value
(Liability)
March 31, 2023 2.425 % — — 125,625 677
March 31, 2026 3.793 % 50,000 1,170 — —
March 31, 2026 3.836 % 50,000 1,126 — —
June 30, 2026 4.257 % 50,000 463 — —
June 30, 2026 4.185 % 50,000 554 — —

				*March 31, 2024*				*December 31, 2023*
	*Stated*					*Market*				*Market*
	*Interest*			*Notional*		*Value*		*Notional*		*Value*
Expiration Date	*Rate*			*Amount*		*(Liability)*		*Amount*		*(Liability)*
March 31, 2026		3.793	%		50,000		665		50,000		237
March 31, 2026		3.836	%		50,000		700		50,000		189
June 30, 2026		4.257	%		50,000		116		50,000		(525	)
June 30, 2026		4.185	%		50,000		242		50,000		(430	)

The outstanding interest rate swaps are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes. The effects of future fluctuations in SOFR interest rates on derivatives held by the Company will result in the recording of unrealized gains and losses into the statement of operations. The Company recorded pre-tax gains on derivatives of ~~$1.5 million and $2.6~~$2.3 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~gains~~a pre-tax loss of ~~$0.6 million and $4.7~~$0.9 million for the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~2023. The liability for outstanding derivatives is recorded in other liabilities and in accrued expenses.

NOTE H—H—COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Lease Commitments

The Company ~~leas~~esleases property, aircraft, aircraft engines and other types of equipment under operating leases. The Company's airlines operate ~~fifteen~~16 freighter aircraft provided by customers and ~~four~~five passenger aircraft leased from external companies. Property leases include hangars, warehouses, offices and other space at certain airports with fixed rent payments and lease terms ranging from one month to nine years. The Company is obligated to pay the lessor for maintenance, real estate taxes, insurance and other operating expenses on certain property leases. These expenses are variable and are not included in the measurement of the lease asset or lease liability. These expenses are recognized as variable lease expense when incurred and are not material. Equipment leases include ground support and industrial equipment as well as computer hardware with fixed rent payments and terms of one month to five years.

The Company records the initial right-to-use asset and lease liability at the present value of lease payments scheduled during the lease term. For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2023~~ March 31, 2024 and ~~2022,~~2023, non-cash transactions to recognize right-to-use assets and corresponding liabilities for new leases were ~~$6.1~~$0.5 million and ~~$15.9~~$0.4 million, respectively. Unless the rate implicit in the lease is readily determinable, the Company discounts the lease payments using an estimated incremental borrowing rate at the time of lease commencement. The Company estimates the incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date, including the rate the Company could borrow for a similar amount, over a similar lease term with similar collateral. The Company's weighted-average discount rate for operating leases at ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023 was ~~3.8%~~4.1% and ~~3.2%~~4.0%, respectively. Leases often include rental escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that

are factored into the determination of lease payments when appropriate. Although not material, the amount of such options is reflected below in the maturity of operating lease liabilities table. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Our weighted-average remaining lease term is ~~3.9~~3.8 years and ~~4.3~~3.9 years as of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

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For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2023~~ March 31, 2024 and ~~2022,~~2023, cash payments against operating lease liabilities were ~~$19.7~~$5.9 million and ~~$16.9~~$6.6 million, respectively. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

Operating Leases
2023 $ 6,290
2024 21,997
2025 15,374
2026 8,730
2027 4,332
2028 and beyond 8,711
Total undiscounted cash payments 65,434
Less: amount representing interest (5,163)
Present value of future minimum lease payments 60,271
Less: current obligations under leases 21,534
Long-term lease obligation $ 38,737

	*Operating Leases*
2024	$	16,115
2025		15,659
2026		8,962
2027		4,673
2028		3,526
2029 and beyond		5,730
Total undiscounted cash payments		54,665
Less: amount representing interest		(4,468	)
Present value of future minimum lease payments		50,197
Less: current obligations under leases		18,947
Long-term lease obligation	$	31,250

Purchase Commitments

The Company has agreements with vendors for the conversion of Boeing ~~767-300,~~767-300, Airbus A321 and Airbus A330 passenger aircraft into a standard configured freighter aircraft. The conversions primarily consist of the installation of a standard cargo door and loading system. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company owned thirteen Boeing ~~767-300~~767-300 aircraft, six Airbus A321-200 aircraft and ~~seven~~five Airbus ~~A321-200~~A330 aircraft that were in or awaiting the modification process. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company has agreements to purchase ~~nine~~three more Boeing ~~767-300 passenger~~767-300 aircraft and ~~ten~~five Airbus ~~A330-300~~A330-300 passenger aircraft through ~~2024.~~2025. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company's commitments to acquire aircraft and convert ~~those~~these aircraft ~~and complete the conversions of aircraft currently in or awaiting the modification process~~ totaled ~~$596.7~~$478.1 million, including estimated payments of ~~$95.0~~$116.7 million through the remainder of ~~2023, with~~2024 and the remaining payments ~~due from 2024~~ through 2026. Actual conversion payments will be based on the achievement of progress milestones.

~~Hangar Foam Discharge~~

~~On August 7, 2022~~ The Company also has access to 20 additional slots for aircraft modifications with inductions between 2025 and the ~~fire suppression system at one~~end of2027. The Company's costs related to such aircraft modifications could vary based on the Company's election to utilize the modification slot, the timing of such election, the aircraft maintenance hangars in Wilmington, Ohio malfunctioned and discharged a significant amount of expansive foam. The event impacted employees, three aircraft and equipment in and around the hangar at the time of discharge. The hangar resumed operations after approximately three weeks while the cause of the incident was investigatedtype and the hangar was cleaned and restored. While one aircraft was returned to service, the timeframes needed to return two of the aircraft and related engines to operating condition are not known at this time. The Company maintains insurance for employee claims, remediation expenses, property and equipment damage, customer claims and business interruption subject to customary deductibles and policy limits. The anticipated insurance recoveries related to clean-up expenses, remediation, part repairs and property damages are recorded when receipt is probable. Insurance recoveries in excess of the net book value of the damaged operating assets and for business interruption claims are recorded when all contingencies related to the claim have been resolved.

For the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2023 the Company recognized charges in operating income for property damages and repairs, net of recorded insurance recoveries of less than $0.1 million. Through September 30, 2022 the Company had recognized charges in operating income, net of recorded insurance recoveries, of $1.0 million. ~~Through September 30, 2023, the Company has incurred $6.8 million for losses resulting from the~~

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~~incident and recorded $5.8 million for insurance recoveries. Insurance receivables were $0.1 million and $2.8 million as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.~~

Guarantees and Indemnifications

Certain leases and agreements of the Company contain guarantees and indemnification obligations to the lessor, or one or more other parties that are considered reasonable and customary (e.g., use, tax and environmental indemnifications), the terms of which range in duration and are often limited. Such indemnification obligations may continue after expiration of the respective lease or agreement.

Other

In addition to the foregoing matters, the Company is also a party to legal proceedings in various federal and state jurisdictions from time to time arising out of the operation of the Company's business. The amount of alleged liability, if any, from these proceedings cannot be determined with certainty; however, the Company believes that its ultimate liability, if any, arising from pending legal proceedings, as well as from asserted legal claims and known potential legal claims which are probable of assertion, taking into account established accruals for estimated liabilities, should not be material to its financial condition or results of operations.

Employees Under Collective Bargaining Agreements

As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the flight crewmember employees of ABX, ATI and OAI and flight attendant employees of ATI and OAI were represented by the labor unions listed below:

			*Percentage of*
~~Airline~~			*the Company’s*
Airline	*Labor Agreement Unit*	Percentage of the Company’s	*Employees*
ABX	International Brotherhood of Teamsters	~~5.0%~~	5.1	%
ATI	Air Line Pilots Association	~~10.7%~~	11.7	%
OAI	International Brotherhood of Teamsters	~~6.1%~~	6.4	%
ATI	Association of Flight Attendants	~~0.8%~~	0.8	%
OAI	Association of Flight Attendants	~~6.7%~~	6.6	%

In addition, OAI has less than 20 flight dispatchers that are represented by a recognized labor unit and are beginning to negotiate a collective bargaining agreement.

NOTE I—I—PENSION AND OTHER POST-RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

Defined Benefit and Post-retirement Healthcare Plans

ABX sponsors a qualified defined benefit pension plan for ABX crewmembers and a qualified defined benefit pension plan for a major portion of itsits ABX employees thatthat meet minimum eligibility requirements. ABX also sponsors non-qualified defined benefit pension plans for certain employees. These non-qualified plans are unfunded. Employees are no longer accruing benefits under any of the defined benefit pension plans. ABX also sponsors a post-retirement healthcare plan for its ABX crewmembers, which is unfunded. Benefits for covered individuals terminate upon reaching age 65 under the post-retirement healthcare plans.

The accounting and valuation for these post-retirement obligations are determined by prescribed accounting and actuarial methods that consider a number of assumptions and estimates. The selection of appropriate assumptions and estimates is significant due to the long time period over which benefits will be accrued and paid. The long term nature of these benefit payouts increases the sensitivity of certain estimates of our post-retirement obligations. The assumptions considered most sensitive in actuarially valuing ABX’s pension obligations and determining related expense amounts are discount rates and expected long term investment returns on plan assets. Additionally, other assumptions concerning retirement ages, mortality and employee turnover also affect the valuations. Actual results and future changes in these assumptions could result in future costs significantly higher than those recorded in our results of operations.

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ABX measures plan assets and benefit obligations as of December 31 of each year. Information regarding ~~ABX-sponsored~~ABX's sponsored defined benefit pension plans and post-retirement healthcare plans follows below. The accumulated benefit obligation reflects pension benefit obligations based on the actual earnings and service to-date of current employees.

ABX’s net periodic benefit costs for its defined benefit pension plans and post-retirement healthcare plans for the three ~~and nine~~ month periods ended ~~September 30, 2023~~ March 31, 2024 and ~~2022,~~2023 are as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
Pension Plans Post-Retirement Healthcare Plan Pension Plans Post-Retirement Healthcare Plan
2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022 2023 2022
Service cost $ — $ — $ 13 $ 19 $ — $ — $ 39 $ 57
Interest cost 8,631 6,075 33 15 25,893 18,098 99 44
Expected return on plan assets (10,192) (11,738) — — (30,576) (35,215) — —
Amortization of net loss 4,745 1,002 — 11 14,235 1,628 — 34
Net periodic benefit cost (income) $ 3,184 $ (4,661) $ 46 $ 45 $ 9,552 $ (15,489) $ 138 $ 135

	*Three Months Ended March 31,*
	*Pension Plans*						*Post-Retirement Healthcare Plan*
	*2024*			*2023*			*2024*			*2023*
Service cost	$	—		$	—		$	5		$	13
Interest cost		6,614			8,631			23			33
Expected return on plan assets		(8,122	)		(10,192	)		—			—
Amortization of net loss		2,594			4,745			(23	)		—
Net periodic benefit cost (income)	$	1,086		$	3,184		$	5		$	46

During the ~~nine~~three month period ~~ending September 30, 2023,~~ended March 31, 2024, the Company made contributions to the pension plans of ~~$1.5~~$0.9 million. ~~During~~The Company expects to contribute an additional $0.5 million during the ~~fourth quarter~~remainder of ~~2023, the Company is offering certain groups of participants options which, if elected by the participant, will settle or transfer a portion of the Company's obligations. Accordingly, settlement accounting for such amounts may have an impact on the Company's future financial statements.~~2024.

NOTE J—J—INCOME TAXES

The provision for income taxes for interim periods is based on management's best estimate of the effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the current year, plus any adjustments arising from changes in the estimated amount of taxable income related to prior periods. Income taxes recorded through ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 have been estimated utilizing a rate of ~~24.6%~~29% based upon year-to-date income and projected results for the full year. The recognition of discrete tax items, such as the conversion of employee stock awards, the issuance of stock warrants and other items as well as our leasing efforts with our Irish subsidiary, have an impact on the effective rate during a period.

As a result of these differences in which expenses and benefits for tax purposes are different than required by GAAP, the Company's effective tax rate for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 was ~~24.5%~~31%. The final effective tax rate for the year ~~2023~~2024 will depend on the actual amount of pre-tax book results by the Company for the full year, the additional conversions of employee stock awards, ~~stock warrant valuations,~~ executive compensation and other items.

The Company has operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Management expects to utilize the loss carryforwards to offset federal income tax liabilities in the future. Due to the Company's deferred tax assets, including its loss carryforwards, cash payments for income taxes will be limited through 2025. The Company is required to pay some federal tax due to loss carryforward usage limitations and certain state and local income taxes.

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NOTE K—K—ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) includes the following items by components for the three ~~and nine~~ month periods ended ~~September 30, 2023~~ March 31, 2024 and ~~2022~~2023 (in thousands):

	*Defined Benefit*			*Defined Benefit*			*Foreign Currency*
	*Pension*			*Post-Retirement*			*Translation*			*Total*
Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	(103,418	)	$	36		$	(20	)	$	(103,402	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits)		4,745			—			—			4,745
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit		(1,040	)		—			—			(1,040	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		3,705			—			—			3,705
Balance as of March 31, 2023	$	(99,713	)	$	36		$	(20	)	$	(99,697	)
Balance as of January 1, 2024	$	(57,931	)	$	502		$	—		$	(57,429	)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits)		2,594			(23	)		—			2,571
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit		(610	)		6			—			(604	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		1,984			(17	)		—			1,967
Balance as of March 31, 2024	$	(55,947	)	$	485		$	—		$	(55,462	)

Defined Benefit Pension Defined Benefit Post-Retirement Foreign Currency Translation Total
Balance as of June 30, 2022 $ (61,348) $ (211) $ (20) $ (61,579)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits) 1,002 11 — 1,013
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit (229) (2) — (231)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 773 9 — 782
Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ (60,575) $ (202) $ (20) $ (60,797)
Balance as of January 1, 2022 $ (61,831) $ (229) $ (20) $ (62,080)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits) 1,628 34 — 1,662
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit (372) (7) — (379)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 1,256 27 — 1,283
Balance as of September 30, 2022 $ (60,575) $ (202) $ (20) $ (60,797)
Balance as of June 30, 2023 $ (96,048) $ 36 $ — $ (96,012)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits) 4,745 — — 4,745
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit (1,060) — — (1,060)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 3,685 — — 3,685
Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ (92,363) $ 36 $ — $ (92,327)
Balance as of January 1, 2023 $ (103,418) $ 36 $ (20) $ (103,402)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications:
Foreign currency translation adjustment — — 20 20
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits) 14,235 — — 14,235
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit (3,180) — — (3,180)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 11,055 — 20 11,075
Balance as of September 30, 2023 $ (92,363) $ 36 $ — $ (92,327)

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NOTE L—L—STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

~~ATSG's~~

The Company's Board of Directors has granted stock-based incentive awards to certain employees and directors pursuant to a long-term incentive plan which was approved by the Company's stockholders in May 2005 and in May 2015. Employees have been awarded non-vested restricted stock, non-vested stock units with performance conditions, and non-vested stock units with market conditions. The restrictions on the non-vested restricted stock awards lapse at the end of a specified service period, which is typically three years from the grant date. The non-vested stock units will be converted into a number of ATSG common shares depending on the satisfaction of the

performance conditions or market conditions at the end of a specified service period, which is typically three years from the grant date. The performance condition awards will be converted into a number of ATSG common shares based on the Company's average return on invested capital during the service period. Similarly, the market condition awards will be converted into a number of common shares depending on the appreciation of ATSG common shares compared to the Nasdaq Transportation Index. Directors have been granted time-based awards that vest after a period of twelve months. Under each of the stock-based incentive awards, the restrictions may lapse sooner than the stated settlement period upon ~~(1)~~(1) the participant's death or disability, ~~(2)~~(2) an employee participant's qualification for retirement or ~~(3)~~(3) a change in control, in the case of an employee participant under the 2015 long-term incentive plan, or a business combination, in the case of a director participant under the 2005 or 2015 long-term incentive plan. The Company expects to settle all of the stock unit awards by issuing new ATSG common shares. The table below summarizes award activity for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2023~~ March 31, 2024 and ~~2022:~~

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2023 September 30, 2022
Number of
Awards Weighted
average
grant-date
fair value Number of
Awards Weighted
average
grant-date
fair value
Outstanding at beginning of period 929,205 $ 21.83 978,188 $ 17.49
Granted 577,598 21.35 283,467 35.44
Converted (192,028) 21.04 (178,060) 22.15
Expired (1,600) 22.03 (3,000) 40.02
Forfeited (30,000) 24.52 (9,600) 26.74
Outstanding at end of period 1,283,175 $ 21.66 1,070,995 $ 21.32
Vested 346,565 $ 9.78 322,156 $ 9.76

2023:

	*March 31, 2024*					*March 31, 2023*
				*Weighted*					*Weighted*
				*average*					*average*
	*Number of*			*grant-date*		*Number of*			*grant-date*
	*Awards*			*fair value*		*Awards*			*fair value*
Outstanding at beginning of period		1,066,784		$	20.19		929,205		$	21.83
Granted		926,984			12.37		—			—
Converted		(71,359	)		25.71		(186,828	)		20.87
Expired		—			—		—			—
Forfeited		(9,600	)		26.90		(600	)		36.93
Outstanding at end of period		1,912,809		$	16.16		741,777		$	22.04
Vested		496,838		$	10.80		298,928		$	8.02

The average grant-date fair value of each performance condition award, non-vested restricted stock award and time-based award granted by the Company in ~~2023~~2024 was ~~$20.78,~~$12.19, the fair value of the Company’s stock on the date of grant. The average grant-date fair value of each market condition award granted in ~~2023~~2024 was ~~$23.28.~~$12.95. The market condition awards granted in ~~2023~~2024 were valued using a Monte Carlo simulation technique based on daily stock prices over three years and using the following variables:

		*2024*
	~~2023~~
Risk-free interest rate			~~3.7%~~	4.4	%
Volatility	~~37.1%~~	43.0	%

For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2023~~ March 31, 2024 and ~~2022,~~2023, the Company recorded expense of ~~$6.5~~$2.6 million and ~~$6.1~~$1.4 million respectively, for stock-based incentive awards. At ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, there was ~~$13.5~~$18.7 million of unrecognized expense related to the stock-based incentive awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of ~~1.3~~1.8 years. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~ March 31, 2024, none of the awards were convertible, ~~346,565~~496,838 units of the directors' time-based awards had vested and none of the outstanding shares of the restricted stock had vested. These awards could result in the issuance of a maximum number of ~~1,631,925~~2,449,584 additional outstanding shares of ATSG's common stock depending on service, performance and market results through December 31, ~~2025.~~

2026.

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NOTE M—M—COMMON STOCK AND EARNINGS PER SHARE

Earnings per Share

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share is as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Numerator:
Earnings from continuing operations - basic $ 17,172 $ 50,188 $ 75,335 $ 154,194
Gain from stock warrants revaluation, net of tax $ — $ (105) $ (106) $ (155)
Convertible debt interest charge, net of tax $ 443 $ 763 $ 1,999 $ 2,285
Earnings from continuing operations - diluted $ 17,615 $ 50,846 $ 77,228 $ 156,324
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share 67,253 73,998 69,909 73,956
Common equivalent shares:
Effect of stock-based compensation awards and warrants 583 6,637 1,511 6,913
Effect of convertible debt 4,836 8,111 7,007 8,111
Weighted-average shares outstanding assuming dilution 72,672 88,746 78,427 88,980
Basic earnings per share from continuing operations $ 0.26 $ 0.68 $ 1.08 $ 2.08
Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations $ 0.24 $ 0.57 $ 0.98 $ 1.76

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*		*2023*
Numerator:
Earnings from continuing operations - basic	$	8,619	$	20,141
Gain from stock warrants revaluation, net of tax	$	—	$	(108	)
Convertible debt interest charge, net of tax	$	159	$	776
Earnings from continuing operations - diluted	$	8,778	$	20,809

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share		64,973		71,802
Common equivalent shares:
Effect of stock-based compensation awards and warrants		562		3,144
Effect of convertible debt		1,700		8,111
Weighted-average shares outstanding assuming dilution		67,235		83,057
Basic earnings per share from continuing operations	$	0.13	$	0.28
Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations	$	0.13	$	0.25

Basic weighted average shares outstanding for purposes of basic earnings per share are less than the shares outstanding due to ~~471,610~~700,271 shares and ~~367,339~~226,149 shares of restricted stock for ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022,~~2023, respectively, which are accounted for as part of diluted weighted average shares outstanding in diluted earnings per share.

The determination of diluted earnings per share requires the exclusion of the fair value re-measurement of the stock warrants recorded as a liability (see Note C), if such warrants have an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share. The dilutive effect of the weighted-average diluted shares outstanding is calculated using the treasury method for periods in which equivalent shares have a dilutive effect on earnings per share. Under this method, the number of diluted shares is determined by dividing the assumed proceeds of the warrants recorded as a liability by the average stock price during the period and comparing that amount with the number of corresponding warrants outstanding.

In conjunction with the offering of the 2017 Convertible Notes (see note F), the Company also sold warrants for ATSG common stock, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. These warrants may result in 1.7 million additional shares of common stock, as of September 30, 2023 if ATSG's traded market price exceeds the strike price which is $41.35 per share and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the warrant transactions.

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NOTE N—N—SEGMENT AND REVENUE INFORMATION

The Company operates in two reportable ~~segments: CAM and ACMI Services.~~segments. The CAM segment consists of the Company's aircraft and engine leasing operations. The ACMI Services segment consists of the Company's airline operations, including CMI agreements as well as ACMI, charter service and passenger service agreements that the Company has with its customers. The Company's aircraft maintenance services, aircraft modification services, ground services and other support services, are not large enough to constitute reportable segments and are combined in All other. Intersegment revenues are valued at arms-length market rates.

The Company's segment information from continuing operations is presented below (in thousands):

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Total revenues:
CAM $ 109,725 $ 109,496 $ 333,147 $ 326,075
ACMI Services 365,248 357,375 1,065,562 1,034,963
All other 112,841 108,423 334,218 318,837
Eliminate inter-segment revenues (64,677) (58,378) (179,356) (167,431)
Total $ 523,137 $ 516,916 $ 1,553,571 $ 1,512,444
Customer revenues:
CAM $ 83,930 $ 79,975 $ 251,282 $ 237,466
ACMI Services 365,127 357,319 1,065,419 1,034,881
All other 74,080 79,622 236,870 240,097
Total $ 523,137 $ 516,916 $ 1,553,571 $ 1,512,444

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*			*2023*
Total revenues:
CAM	$	105,549		$	112,044
ACMI Services		323,824			334,127
All other		109,040			110,588
Eliminate inter-segment revenues		(52,896	)		(55,664	)
Total	$	485,517		$	501,095
Customer revenues:
CAM	$	79,591		$	83,158
ACMI Services		323,711			334,113
All other		82,215			83,824
Total	$	485,517		$	501,095

The Company's external customer revenues from other activities for the three month period ended March 31, 2024, and ~~nine month periods ended September 30,~~ 2023 ~~and 2022~~ are presented below (in thousands):

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Aircraft maintenance, modifications and part sales $ 31,443 $ 34,604 $ 112,681 $ 106,766
Ground services 22,733 28,204 71,385 80,275
Other, including aviation fuel sales 19,904 16,814 52,804 53,056
Total customer revenues $ 74,080 $ 79,622 $ 236,870 $ 240,097

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*		*2023*
Aircraft maintenance, modifications and part sales	$	40,348	$	42,073
Ground services		23,221		23,665
Other, including aviation fuel sales		18,646		18,086
Total customer revenues	$	82,215	$	83,824

During the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods ending September 30, 2023,~~period ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized ~~$1.6 million and $13.3~~$3.9 million, respectively, of non-lease revenue that was reported as deferred revenue at the beginning of the applicable period, compared to ~~$5.8~~$6.5 million ~~and $4.8 million, respectively,~~ for the comparable ~~periods~~period in ~~the prior year.~~2023. Current deferred revenue of ~~$8.8~~$9.1 million and ~~$17.0~~$4.5 million as of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively, for contracts with customers is derived from other activities as described above. Revenue related to deferred revenue will be recognized based on percentage of completion. Customers are required to pay deposits and may be required to make milestone payments for these services resulting in deferred revenue. Long-term contract assets were ~~$2.0~~$8.2 million as of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~$0.0~~$8.7 million as of December 31, ~~2022.~~2023. Cash will be collected over the term of the multi-year agreement based on number cycles per period while revenue is recognized as parts are provided for engine maintenance services. This may result in a contract asset or liability based on the timing of engine maintenance services.

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CAM's leases do not contain residual guarantees. Approximately ~~11%~~16% of CAM's leases to external customers contain purchase options at projected market values. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, minimum future payments from external customers for leased aircraft and equipment were scheduled to be ~~$75.7~~$217.4 million for the remainder of ~~2023,~~

2024, and ~~$272.5~~$267.0 million, ~~$252.3~~$235.1 million, ~~$228.7~~$206.8 million and ~~$197.5~~$171.9 million, respectively, for each of the next four years ending December 31, ~~2027~~ 2028 and ~~$383.8~~$254.3 million thereafter. CAM's external customer revenues for non-lease activities were ~~$8.1~~$4.8 million and ~~$23.6~~$6.7 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month period ended ~~September 30,~~ March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, for engine services and the sale of spare engine ~~parts compared to $9.8 million and $27.1 million, respectively, during the comparable periods in the prior year.~~

parts.

The Company's other segment information from continuing operations is presented below (in thousands):

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Depreciation and amortization expense:
CAM $ 60,751 $ 59,231 $ 179,239 $ 171,943
ACMI Services 24,907 23,447 72,363 72,885
All other 594 605 2,069 1,898
Total $ 86,252 $ 83,283 $ 253,671 $ 246,726
Interest expense
CAM 12,616 7,908 33,546 21,837
ACMI Services 5,662 3,693 15,678 9,719
Segment earnings (loss):
CAM $ 23,306 $ 36,975 $ 88,526 $ 111,587
ACMI Services 12,414 25,265 34,057 69,267
All other (7,968) (1,182) (8,613) 560
Net unallocated interest expense (908) (510) (1,944) (1,391)
Net gain (loss) on financial instruments 1,778 695 1,856 9,402
Other non-service components of retiree benefit costs, net (3,218) 4,635 (9,654) 15,411
Loss from non-consolidated affiliate (1,885) (954) (4,398) (5,577)
Pre-tax earnings from continuing operations $ 23,519 $ 64,924 $ 99,830 $ 199,259

	*Three Months Ended*
	*March 31,*
	*2024*			*2023*
Depreciation and amortization expense:
CAM	$	65,373		$	60,397
ACMI Services		24,249			23,621
All other		758			710
Total	$	90,380		$	84,728
Interest expense
CAM		15,280			10,022
ACMI Services		5,493			4,958
Segment earnings (loss):
CAM	$	13,409		$	34,200
ACMI Services		(3,485	)		(2,411	)
All other		2,307			654
Net unallocated interest expense		(976	)		(510	)
Net gain (loss) on financial instruments		2,355			(1,740	)
Other non-service components of retiree benefit costs, net		(1,085	)		(3,218	)
Loss from non-consolidated affiliate		(79	)		(406	)
Pre-tax earnings from continuing operations	$	12,446		$	26,569

The amortization of customer incentives included in revenue for CAM was ~~$3.4 million and $12.4 million~~$3.1 for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to $5.0 million ~~and $15.1 million, respectively,~~ for the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~2023. The amortization of customer incentives included in revenue for ACMI Services was $0.8 million ~~and $2.4 million~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to $0.8 million ~~and $2.4 million~~ in the corresponding ~~periods~~period of ~~2022.~~

2023.

The Company's assets are presented below by segment (in thousands). Cash and cash equivalents are reflected in Assets - All other.

September 30, December 31,
2023 2022
Assets:
CAM $ 2,836,032 $ 2,510,559
ACMI Services 860,199 921,522
All other 149,884 157,812
Total $ 3,846,115 $ 3,589,893

	*March 31,*		*December 31,*
	*2024*		*2023*
Assets:
CAM	$	2,929,853	$	2,885,508
ACMI Services		829,133		828,703
All other		132,751		167,879
Total	$	3,891,737	$	3,882,090

During the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company had capital expenditures for property and equipment of ~~$67.8~~$20.7 million and ~~$510.7~~$82.1 million for the ACMI Services and CAM, respectively.

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ITEM2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") has been prepared with reference to the historical financial condition and results of operations of ATSG and its subsidiaries. The MD&A describes the principal factors affecting our results of operations, financial condition, cash flow, liquidity and capital resources. The MD&A should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of ~~Americ~~aAmerica (GAAP) co~~ntained~~contained in this Form 10-Q and the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes prepared in accordance with GAAP contained in our ~~2022~~2023 Form 10-K.

~~BACKGROUND~~

OVERVIEW

We ~~lease~~provide aircraft leasing and ~~provide airline operations, aircraft modification and maintenance services, ground services, and other support services to the~~ air cargo transportation and related services. To support the needs of our leasing customers in the aviation and logistics ~~industries. Through ATSG's subsidiaries,~~industries at large, we offer a range of complementary services to delivery companies, freight forwarders, e-commerce operators, airlines and government customers. Our principal subsidiaries include our aircraft leasing company (CAM) and three independently certificated airlines (ABX, ATI and OAI).

We ~~have~~primarily operate through two reportable ~~operating segments:~~

segments, CAM and ACMI Services:

CAM offers aircraft leasing and related services to external customers and also leases aircraft internally to our airlines. CAM acquires passenger aircraft and manages the modification of the aircraft into freighters. The follow-on aircraft leases normally cover a term of five to ten years. CAM currently leases Boeing 767, 757 and 777 aircraft, Airbus A321 aircraft and aircraft ~~engines.~~

engines, and is in the process of adding Airbus A330 freighter aircraft to its fleet.

ACMI Services ~~includes~~consists of the cargo and passenger transportation operations of our three ~~airlines.~~airline subsidiaries. Our airlines operate under co~~ntracts~~contracts to provide a combination of aircraft, flight crews, aircraft maintenance, aircraft hull and liability insurance and aviation fuel. Our customers are typically responsible for supplying the necessary aviation fuel and cargo handling services and reimbursing our airline for other operating expenses such as landing fees, ramp expenses, certain aircraft maintenance expenses and fuel procured directly by the airline. Aircraft charter agreements, including those for the DoD, usually require the airline to provide full service, including fuel and other operating expenses for a fixed, all-inclusive price.

~~We also~~

Our other business operations, which primarily provide ~~other~~ support services to ~~our ACMI Services customers and other airlines by leveraging our knowledge and capabilities developed for our own operations over~~ the ~~years. Through our FAA certificated maintenance and repair subsidiaries, we provide~~transportation industry, include providing aircraft maintenance and modification services to customers, cargo load transfer and ~~sell aircraft parts. We also provide mail~~ sorting ~~parcel handling and logistical support to United States Postal Service (USPS) facilities and similar~~ services ~~to certain ASI hub and gateway locations in the United States. We provide~~as well as related equipment maintenance ~~for ground equipment, facilities and material handling equipment and we resell aviation fuel in Wilmington, Ohio. Additionally, we provide flight training~~ services. ~~The~~These operations ~~described in this paragraph~~ do not constitute ~~a separate~~ reportable ~~segment~~segments and are reported in ~~“All~~"All other.”

At ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we owned ~~111~~109 Boeing aircraft and three Airbus aircraft that were in revenue service. We owned three Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft and one Boeing 767-200 freighter aircraft not in revenue service having been returned from lease and that are expected to be re-leased in 2024 or 2025. We also owned thirteen Boeing 767-300 aircraft, ~~and seven~~six Airbus 321-200 aircraft and five Airbus A330 aircraft, either undergoing or awaiting induction into the freighter conversion process at ~~September 30, 2023.~~March 31, 2024. In addition to these aircraft, we leased ~~four~~five passenger aircraft from third parties and operated ~~fifteen~~16 freighter aircraft provided by customers for whom we provide services under CMI agreements.

Customers

Our largest customers are ASI, which is a subsidiary of Amazon, the DoD and DHL. Revenues from our commercial arrangements with ASI comprised approximately 34% and ~~34%~~35% of our consolidated revenues during the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we leased 3734 Boeing 767 freighter aircraft to ASI with lease expirations between 2024 and ~~2031 and we operate those aircraft for ASI.~~2031. The aircraft lease terms typically range from 5 to 10 years. WeUnder a separate air transportation services agreement, we operate ~~nine~~those aircraft for ASI and we operate ten other Boeing 767 aircraft provided by ASI. We also provide ground services and aircraft maintenance services to ASI.

On May 6, 2024, we entered an agreement with ASI to operate ten additional Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft to be provided by ASI, with the potential to add up to ten additional Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft. The agreement extends the expiration date of the air transportation services agreement from March 2026 to May 2029 with renewal options. Also on May 6, 2024, in conjunction with the agreement, we agreed to issue additional warrants to Amazon and modify provisions of certain existing warrants. See Note C of the accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the agreements with ASI.

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DHL comprised 13% and ~~12%~~14% of our consolidated revenues during the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we leased 1214 Boeing 767 freighter aircraft to DHL

~~comprised of~~ comprising one Boeing 767-200 aircraft and ~~eleven~~13 Boeing 767-300 aircraft, with expirations between ~~2023~~ 2025 and ~~2029.~~2031. Ten of the 1214 Boeing 767 aircraft were being operated by our airlines for DHL. Additionally, we operated six Boeing 767 aircraft that were provided by DHL. ~~In February 2022, the Company and DHL agreed to a s~~ix-year extension of its dry leases for five Boeing 767 freighters as well as an extension of the CMI agreement with DHL for ABX to operate aircraft through April 2028. The CMI agreement was expanded to include two additional 767 freighters.

The DoD comprised ~~31%~~28% and 29% of our consolidated revenues during the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ respectively, derived primarily from operating passenger and combi charter flights. We utilize our fleet of ~~fourteen~~15 passenger aircraft to operate troop movement flights for the DoD. We also operate our four combi aircraft for the DoD, which are capable of simultaneously carrying cargo and passengers on the main deck. We have been providing services to the DoD since the 1990’s, typically under one-year agreements.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Revenue and Earnings Summary

External customer revenues from continuing operations ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$6.2 million, or 1%, to $523.1 million and $41.1~~$15.6 million, or 3%, to ~~$1,553.6~~$485.5 million during the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to the same ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~2023. Customer revenues ~~increased~~decreased from Boeing 767-200 aircraft leases, engine power revenues and flying for customers' delivery networks during the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2023 for contracted airline services, charter flights, aircraft leasing and aircraft maintenance services, compared to the previous year period.~~

2024

The ~~consolidated earnings~~consolidated earnings from continuing operations were ~~$17.2 million and $75.3~~$8.6 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~$50.2 million and $154.2~~$20.1 million for the corresponding ~~periods~~period in the prior year. The pre-tax earnings from continuing operations were ~~$23.5 million and $99.8~~$12.4 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~$64.9 million and $199.3~~$26.6 million for the corresponding ~~periods~~period in the prior year. Earnings ~~were~~was affected by the following events and items that do not directly reflect our underlying operations among the periods presented. Pre-tax earnings from continuing operations:

•

included gains of $2.4 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2024 for financial instrument valuations, including interest rate swaps and instruments granted to Amazon compared to losses of $1.7 million for the same period in the prior year.

•

were also reduced to $3.9 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2024 for the amortization of customer lease incentives given to Amazon in the form of warrants compared to $5.8 million for the same period in the prior year.

•

included losses of $1.1 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2024 for non-service components of retiree benefit plans compared to $3.2 million for the same period in the prior year.

•

included losses of $0.1 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2024 for our share of joint venture results, including engineering costs for the development of an aircraft modification for the Airbus A321 aircraft type compared to losses of $0.4 million for the same period in the prior year.

•

included losses of less than $0.1 million for the three month period ended March 31, 2023, net related insurance recoveries for the costs which occurred as a direct result of a foam release after a hangar's fire suppression system malfunctioned during 2022.

Table of $1.8 million and $1.9 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively, for financial instrument valuations, including instruments granted to Amazon compared to net gains of $0.7 million and $9.4 million for the same periods in the prior year.Contents

•were also reduced by $4.2 million and $14.8 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively, for the amortization of customer lease incentives given to Amazon in the form of warrants compared to $5.8 million and $17.4 million for the same periods in the prior year.

•included losses of $3.2 million and $9.7 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively, for settlement charges, curtailments and other non-service components of retiree benefit plans compared to gains of $4.6 million and $15.4 million for the same periods in the prior year.

•included losses of $1.9 million and $4.4 million for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively, for our share of joint venture results, including engineering costs for the development of an aircraft modification for the Airbus A321 compared to losses of $1.0 million and $5.6 million for the same periods in the prior year.

•included losses of less than $0.1 million for both the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively, for net related insurance recoveries for the costs which occurred as a direct result of a foam release after a hangar's fire suppression system malfunctioned during 2022 compared to losses of $1.0 million for both periods in the prior year.

After removing the effects of these events and items, adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations, a non-GAAP financial measure (see the reconciliation of adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations to pre-tax earnings from continuing operations in the following table), were ~~$31.1 million and $126.9~~$15.2 million for three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~$67.3 million and $198.4~~$37.8 million for the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~

2023. Adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations for the three ~~months and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 decreased ~~$36.2~~$22.6 million ~~and $71.6 million, respectively,~~primarily due to lower earnings from Boeing 767-200 aircraft leases and related engine power programs, as well as higher interest ~~expenses,~~expense and depreciation expense, most of which are reflected in our CAM segment. Additionally, lower ~~Boeing 767-200 activity, an unfavorable mix of passenger flying revenue, less~~revenues and block hours flown for customers' delivery ~~network flying and~~networks resulted in lower ~~ground services revenue~~earnings for ACMI Services compared to ~~a year ago.~~

the same period of the previous year.

A summary of our revenues from continuing operations, pre-tax earnings from continuing operations and adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations, as well as a reconciliation of adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations to pre-tax earnings from continuing operations, is shown below:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2024			2023
Revenues from Continuing Operations:
CAM
Aircraft leasing and related services	$	108,645		$	117,074
Lease incentive amortization		(3,096	)		(5,030	)
Total CAM		105,549			112,044
ACMI Services		323,824			334,127
Other Activities		109,040			110,588
Total Revenues		538,413			556,759
Eliminate internal revenues		(52,896	)		(55,664	)
Customer Revenues	$	485,517		$	501,095

Pre-Tax Earnings from Continuing Operations:
CAM, inclusive of interest expense	$	13,409		$	34,200
ACMI Services, interest expense		(3,485	)		(2,411	)
Other Activities		2,307			654
Net unallocated interest expense		(976	)		(510	)
Net financial instrument re-measurement (loss) gain		2,355			(1,740	)
Other non-service components of retiree benefits costs, net		(1,085	)		(3,218	)
Loss from non-consolidated affiliate		(79	)		(406	)
Pre-Tax Earnings from Continuing Operations		12,446			26,569
Add other non-service components of retiree benefit costs, net		1,085			3,218
Add charges for non-consolidated affiliates		79			406
Add lease incentive amortization		3,912			5,822
Add net loss (gain) on financial instruments		(2,355	)		1,740
Add net charges for hangar foam incident		—			41
Adjusted Pre-Tax Earnings from Continuing Operations (non-GAAP)	$	15,167		$	37,796

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Revenues from Continuing Operations:
CAM
Aircraft leasing and related services $ 113,145 $ 114,526 $ 345,500 $ 341,164
Lease incentive amortization (3,420) (5,030) (12,353) (15,089)
Total CAM 109,725 109,496 333,147 326,075
ACMI Services 365,248 357,375 1,065,562 1,034,963
Other Activities 112,841 108,423 334,218 318,837
Total Revenues 587,814 575,294 1,732,927 1,679,875
Eliminate internal revenues (64,677) (58,378) (179,356) (167,431)
Customer Revenues $ 523,137 $ 516,916 $ 1,553,571 $ 1,512,444
Pre-Tax Earnings from Continuing Operations:
CAM, inclusive of interest expense $ 23,306 $ 36,975 $ 88,526 $ 111,587
ACMI Services, interest expense 12,414 25,265 34,057 69,267
Other Activities (7,968) (1,182) (8,613) 560
Net unallocated interest expense (908) (510) (1,944) (1,391)
Net financial instrument re-measurement (loss) gain 1,778 695 1,856 9,402
Other non-service components of retiree benefits costs, net (3,218) 4,635 (9,654) 15,411
Loss from non-consolidated affiliate (1,885) (954) (4,398) (5,577)
Pre-Tax Earnings from Continuing Operations 23,519 64,924 99,830 199,259
Add other non-service components of retiree benefit costs, net 3,218 (4,635) 9,654 (15,411)
Add charges for non-consolidated affiliates 1,885 954 4,398 5,577
Add lease incentive amortization 4,236 5,822 14,777 17,442
Add net loss (gain) on financial instruments (1,778) (695) (1,856) (9,402)
Add net charges for hangar foam incident 58 960 71 960
Adjusted Pre-Tax Earnings from Continuing Operations (non-GAAP) $ 31,138 $ 67,330 $ 126,874 $ 198,425

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We define adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations, a non-GAAP financial measure, as pre-tax earnings from continuing operations excluding the following: (i) ~~settlement charges and other~~ non-service components of retiree benefit costs; (ii) gains and losses for the fair value re-measurement of financial instruments including warrants issued to Amazon; (iii) customer lease incentive amortization; (iv) gains and losses from non-consolidated joint ventures; and (v) charges related to the discharge of a fire suppression system in the Company's aircraft hangar, net of related insurance recoveries. We exclude these items from pre-tax earnings from continuing operations because they are distinctly different in their predictability or not closely related to our ongoing operating activities. Management uses adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations to compare the performance of core operating results between periods. Presenting this non-GAAP financial measure provides management and investors with a comparative metric of fundamental operations while highlighting changes to certain items among periods. Adjusted results should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company's results as calculated and reported under GAAP.

Aircraft Fleet Summary

Our fleet of cargo and passenger aircraft is summarized in the following table as of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, and December 31, ~~2022.~~2023. Our freighters, converted from passenger aircraft, utilize standard shipping containers and can be deployed into regional cargo markets more economically than larger capacity aircraft, newly built freighters or other competing alternatives. At ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we owned 13 Boeing 767-300 aircraft, ~~and seven~~six Airbus A321-200 aircraft and five Airbus A330 aircraft that were either already undergoing or awaiting induction into the freighter conversion process.

As of March 31, 2024, we also owned three Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft and one Boeing 767-200 freighter aircraft staging for future lease.

Aircraft fleet activity during the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2023~~2024 is listed below:

•~~CAM completed the modification of eight Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft purchased in the previous year. The aircraft are leased to external customers under multi-year leases.~~

•~~CAM completed the modification of two Airbus A321-200 freighter aircraft purchased in the previous year. The aircraft are leased to external customers under multi-year leases.~~

•~~CAM purchased eight Boeing 767-300 passenger aircraft. The remaining six aircraft are expected to be converted into standard freighter configuration and leased to external customers during 2024.~~

•CAM purchased two Airbus A321-200 passenger aircraft for the purpose of converting the passenger aircraft into a standard freighter configuration. These aircraft are expected to be leased to an external customer during 2024.

•External customers returned ten Boeing 767-200 freighter aircraft to CAM. One of these aircraft is being staged for future deployment. The remaining aircraft have currently been removed from service and their parts and engines will be used to support the fleet, re-leased to customers or possibly sold.

•~~ATI began to operate two customer-provided Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft.~~

September 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
ACMI
Services CAM Total ACMI
Services CAM Total
In-service aircraft
Aircraft owned
Boeing 767-200 Freighter 4 16 20 4 26 30
Boeing 767-200 Passenger 2 — 2 2 — 2
Boeing 767-300 Freighter 2 73 75 2 65 67
Boeing 767-300 Passenger 5 — 5 5 — 5
Boeing 777-200 Passenger 3 — 3 3 — 3
Boeing 757-200 Combi 4 — 4 4 — 4
Airbus A321-200 Freighter — 2 2 — — —
20 91 111 20 91 111
Operating lease
Boeing 767-200 Passenger 1 — 1 1 — 1
Boeing 767-300 Passenger 3 — 3 3 — 3
Boeing 767-200 Freighter 2 — 2 2 — 2
Boeing 767-300 Freighter 13 — 13 11 — 11
Total 19 — 19 17 — 17
Other aircraft
Owned Boeing 767-300 under modification — 13 13 — 15 15
Owned Airbus A321-200 under modification — 7 7 — 7 7
Owned Boeing 767 staging for lease — 1 1 — — —

•

CAM completed the modification of four Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft purchased in the previous year. The aircraft are leased to external customers under multi-year leases.

•

External customers returned three Boeing 767-200 freighter aircraft to CAM. One of these aircraft was leased to ABX. The remaining aircraft have currently been removed from service and their parts and engines will be used to support the fleet, re-leased to customers or possibly sold.

•

An external customer returned one Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft to CAM. This aircraft has been leased to ABX.

•

OAI began a short term lease of one Boeing 767-300 passenger aircraft from an external lessor.

•

CAM purchased three Boeing 767-300 passenger aircraft. These aircraft are expected to be converted into standard freighter configuration and leased to external customers during 2025 or 2026.

•

CAM purchased two Airbus A330 passenger aircraft for the purpose of converting them into a standard freighter configuration. These aircraft are expected to be leased to an external customer during 2025.

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	March 31, 2024						December 31, 2023
	ACMI						ACMI
	Services		CAM		Total		Services		CAM		Total
In-service aircraft
Aircraft owned
Boeing 767-200 Freighter		5		13		18		4		16		20
Boeing 767-200 Passenger		2		—		2		2		—		2
Boeing 767-300 Freighter		3		74		77		2		71		73
Boeing 767-300 Passenger		5		—		5		5		—		5
Boeing 777-200 Passenger		3		—		3		3		—		3
Boeing 757-200 Combi		4		—		4		4		—		4
Airbus A321-200 Freighter		—		3		3		—		3		3
		22		90		112		20		90		110
Operating lease
Boeing 767-200 Passenger		1		—		1		1		—		1
Boeing 767-300 Passenger		4		—		4		3		—		3
Boeing 767-200 Freighter		2		—		2		2		—		2
Boeing 767-300 Freighter		14		—		14		14		—		14
Total		21		—		21		20		—		20
Other aircraft
Owned Boeing 767-300 under or awaiting modification		—		13		13		—		14		14
Owned Airbus A321-200 under or awaiting modification		—		6		6		—		6		6
Owned Airbus A330 under or awaiting modification		—		5		5		—		3		3
Boeing 767 available for lease		—		4		4		—		4		4

As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, ABX, ATI and OAI were leasing 2022 in-service aircraft internally from CAM for use in ACMI Services. Of CAM's 1613 externally leased Boeing 767-200 freighter aircraft, ~~seven~~four were leased to ASI and operated by ABX or ATI, one was leased to DHL and operated by ABX and eight were leased to other external customers. Of the 7374 externally leased Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft, 30 were leased to ASI and operated by ABX or ATI, nine were leased to DHL and operated by ABX, ~~two~~four were leased to DHL and were being operated by a DHL-affiliated airline and 3231 were leased to other external customers. The carrying values of the total in-service fleet as of ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023 were ~~$1,908.9~~$1,994.1 million and ~~$1,741.7~~$1,898.7 million, respectively. Additionally, we own several Boeing 767 airframes that are not in service ~~condition,~~condition. These aircraft are being used to support our in-service Boeing fleet with engines and aircraft parts or are being marketed.

CAM

CAM's revenues from external customers totaled ~~$83.9 million and $251.3~~$79.6 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~$80.0 million and $237.5~~$83.2 million for the same ~~periods~~period in the prior year. CAM's revenues from our airlines totaled ~~$25.8 million and $81.9~~$26.0 million during the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~$29.5 million and $88.6~~$28.9 million for the same ~~periods~~period in the prior year. CAM's aircraft leasing and related services revenues, which exclude customer lease incentive amortization, decreased ~~$1.4 million and increased $4.3 million~~$8.4 for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024, compared to the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~2023. Revenues during ~~2023~~2024 were reduced by the scheduled returns of Boeing 767-200 freighter aircraft from lease and lower hours flown by engines in our Boeing 767-200 engine power program. ~~Revenues increased during~~Since April 1, 2023, ~~for new Boeing 767-300 aircraft leases which have higher lease rates than Boeing 767-200 aircraft. Since October 1, 2022,~~ CAM added ~~nine~~12 Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft and ~~two~~three Airbus A321-200 freighters to its portfolio and placed all ~~eleven~~15 of these aircraft with external customers under long-term leases. During that same time period, ~~eleven~~12 767-200 freighters and four 767-300 freighters were returned from ~~lease.~~leases from external customers. CAM's revenues from its 767-200 engine power program have decreased ~~$7.7 million and $10.6~~$7.3 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding ~~periods~~period of ~~2022,~~2023, due primarily to the reduction in leased 767-200 aircraft.

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CAM's pre-tax earnings, inclusive of internally allocated interest expense, ~~were $23.3 million and $88.5~~was $13.4 million for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~$37.0 million and $111.6~~$34.2 million for the same ~~periods~~period in the prior year. ~~Reduced~~CAM's earnings was negatively impacted by the reduction in 767-200 freighter lease and engine power program revenues. Additionally, reduced earnings compared to the prior year period included ~~$4.7 million and $11.7~~$5.3 million more internally allocated interest expense due to higher company-wide interest ~~expense.~~ expense and $5.0 million more depreciation expense primarily due to the new aircraft placed into service. Pre-tax earnings reflects ~~only one more~~the same amount of aircraft, netting additional 767-300 leases with 767-200 freighter returns since ~~October~~April 1, ~~2022.~~ ~~CAM's results for the third quarter of 2022 included gains of $3.4 million for the sale of airframes while no aircraft sales occurred in the 2023 period.~~2023. Additionally, depreciation expense increased ~~$1.5 million and $7.3~~$5.0 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively, primarily due to the new aircraft placed into service.~~

As of September 30, 2023, CAM's fleet included 13 Boeing 767-300 aircraft and seven Airbus A321-200 aircraft which were in or awaiting the modification process. CAM has agreements to purchase nine more Boeing 767-300 aircraft and ten Airbus A330-300 aircraft during 2023 and 2024. One Airbus A321 freighter has already begun a long-term lease with an external customer in the fourth quarter with five more scheduled to begin long-term leases with external customers later in the fourth quarter of 2023. CAM is currently prepping one 767-200 freighter for re-lease and is expecting to sell a few 767 aircraft to external customers in the fourth quarter. During the remainder of 2023, one more Boeing 767-200 aircraft lease is scheduled to expire and may be offered for sale or re-leased. CAM has several Boeing 767-200 aircraft that are being used to support our in-service Boeing fleet with engines and aircraft parts or are being marketed. CAM expects to begin the passenger-to-freighter conversion of Airbus A330 aircraft in 2023.

InMarch 31, 2024 we plan to lease 14 newly converted freighters, including six Boeing 767-300, five Airbus A321-200 and three Airbus A330 aircraft. Additional conversions and lease deployments will depend on market conditions. If future market conditions affect the demand for modified aircraft or the projected returns on our fleet expansion, we have the flexibility to reduce planned growth investments in 2024 and beyond.

CAM's future operating results will depend on a number of factors including the continued demand from lessees for mid-sized widebody freighters, our ability to convert passenger aircraft into freighters within planned costs and within the time frames required by customers and the lease rates under which aircraft are redeployed or renewed. Our CAM fleet projections for 2024 are described below by aircraft type:

●

CAM plans to remove five more Boeing 767-200's from service during the remainder of 2024 and retire most of these aircraft for a combination of parts to support our fleet and part sales to third parties.

●

In addition to three Boeing 767-300 freighter aircraft available for lease and 13 Boeing 767-300 aircraft subject to freighter modification as of March 31, 2024, CAM has commitments to purchase one more Boeing 767-300 passenger aircraft during 2024 for freighter modification. CAM plans to complete the modification of five more Boeing 767-300 aircraft during 2024. CAM has leased four aircraft through March 31, 2024 and currently has inter-ATSG assignments for one more aircraft lease during the remainder of 2024. The other seven aircraft are being marketed for lease during 2024. During the remainder of 2024, CAM has three Boeing 767-300 aircraft leases scheduled to expire.

●

CAM expects to complete the freighter modification of the six Airbus A321 aircraft that were subject to freighter modification as of March 31, 2024. CAM is currently marketing these six for lease to external customers for leases to begin in 2024. CAM does not have commitments to acquire more Airbus A321 aircraft at this time. The U.S. FAA, the Civil Aviation Administration of China and aviation regulators in Europe have certified the design of the modified Airbus A321 that CAM utilizes to convert the passenger aircraft to a freighter via its joint venture.

●

In addition to the five Airbus A330 aircraft that CAM owned at March 31, 2024, CAM is scheduled to purchase three more Airbus A330 passenger aircraft during 2024. CAM expects to complete the freighter modification for two of these Airbus A330 aircraft during 2024 and they are being marketed for lease.

CAM's future operating results will also depend on depreciation expense for newly modified aircraft as an aircraft reaches service condition, the sale price of aircraft which could be sold, interest expense, revenues from the utilization of the engines that power our Boeing 767-200 aircraft and ~~leases of modified Airbus A321 freighters.~~

~~Certain~~other factors. Further, certain airline customers serving international routes have ~~recently~~in recent times experienced and could further experience a weakness in demand from the large integrators and markets they serve. This could lead to a disruption in our expected revenues and cash remittances from one or more customers. ~~While~~CAM's pre-tax earnings are subject to changes from market interest rates and our level of debt. Changes to market conditions could affect the ~~U.S. FAA~~demand for modified aircraft or the projected returns on our fleet expansion from the outcomes currently expected, and further, management may take additional actions such as the ~~Civil Aviation Administration~~further deferral or cancellation of ~~China have certified~~planned growth investments or the ~~design~~divestiture of the modified Airbus A321 that CAM utilizes to convert the passenger aircraft to a freighter, our joint venture is working with regulators in Europe on remaining issues to certify the Airbus A321 to operate there. Prolonged delays in that certification process could impact our Airbus 321 aircraft fleet expansion.

certain aircraft.

ACMI Services

Total revenues from ACMI Services ~~increased $7.9 million and $30.6~~decreased $10.3 million compared to ~~2022~~2023 for the three ~~and nine~~ month period ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 to ~~$365.2 million and $1,065.6 million, respectively, while block hours flown for customers decreased 1% for the quarter and remained flat for the year.~~$323.8 million. During the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, block hours flown for our customers' delivery networks decreased ~~4% and remained flat, respectively, due to a mix of routes that included more U.S. domestic block hours and fewer inter-continental block hours~~3% compared to the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~ ~~We are operating one~~2023 reflecting to the removal of certain Boeing 767-200 aircraft and fewer ~~freighter aircraft in ACMI Services since October 1, 2022.~~international flights. Block hours for passenger services during the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, including operation of Boeing 757 combi aircraft, ~~increased 14% and declined 1%, respectively,~~were flat compared to the corresponding periods of 2022. Passenger block hours increased due to the resumption of Pacific routes late in 2022 for our Boeing 757 combi aircraft and due to additional contracted ACMI flying during the third quarterperiod of 2023. ~~Under ACMI contracts, we supply the aircraft and crews while the customer pays for the fuel and other ancillary charges directly. Increased~~ ~~revenues f~~or the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2023 reflect an increase in revenues for contracted passenger flying partially offset by a decrease in revenues for our customers' delivery networks.

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ACMI Services had pre-tax ~~earnings~~losses of ~~$12.4 million and $34.1~~$3.5 million during the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to pre-tax ~~earnings~~losses of ~~$25.3 million and $69.3~~$2.4 million for the corresponding ~~periods~~period of ~~2022~~2023 inclusive of internally allocated interest expense. ACMI Services was impacted by additional internally allocated interest expense of ~~$2.0 million and $6.0~~$0.5 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024, compared to the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022~~2023 due to higher interest rates and debt balances in ~~2023.~~ 2024. The decline in earnings during ~~2023~~2024 reflects the ~~change in~~reduced operations for our ~~revenue mix, more flight delays and continued inflation on employee costs and travel expenses~~customers delivery networks' during 2024 compared to ~~2022. As noted above, we experienced a higher mix~~the first three months of ~~domestic flying which is generally priced at lower margins. Travel expense is necessary to position crews and~~2023. We operated three fewer freighter aircraft in ~~some situations accommodate and transport passengers.~~

ACMI Services since April 1, 2023.

Maintaining profitability in ACMI Services will depend on a number of factors, including the impact of inflation on operating expenses, customer billing rates, customer flight schedules, crewmember productivity and pay, employee attrition, employee benefits, aircraft maintenance schedules and the number of aircraft we operate. Our airlines are planning to add eleven customer provided aircraft into operations during the remainder of 2024. These additions will require start-up expenses and may impact our operational performance in the near term. The war in Israel and conflicts in other parts of the world may also impact our operations, reducing the number of flights that we operate for the DoD and other customers. Recruiting, training and retaining employees and contractors are important factors to our success. If we experience a shortage of qualified employees, ACMI Services' financial results could be detrimentally impacted.

Other Activities

External customer revenues from all other activities decreased ~~7% and 1%~~$1.6 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to the corresponding ~~periods~~period of ~~2022. Revenues during 2023 decreased for ground services due to the discontinuation of a package sorting hub in latter 2022 that we operated for a customer.~~2023. External aircraft maintenance revenues declined during the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2023~~2024 compared to ~~2022~~2023 while aircraft maintenance resources were applied to more internally billed ~~projects and due to adjustments for project completion levels.~~projects. Pre-tax ~~losses~~earnings from other activities were ~~$8.0 million and $8.6~~$2.3 million for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 compared to pre-tax ~~losses of $1.2 million and pre-tax~~ earnings of ~~$0.6~~$0.7 million for the same ~~periods~~period in the prior year. The ~~decrease~~increase in ~~2023~~ earnings ~~reflect~~during 2024 reflects a revenue mix of higher margin airframe maintenance contracts instead of lower ~~revenues from ground services and~~margin line maintenance revenues. Additionally, lower overhead expense during 2024 contributed to improved earnings compared to the third quarter aircraft maintenance services; increased intercompany profit eliminations for aircraft maintenance, additional costs of aircraft parts and inventory adjustments; aircraft maintenance contract asset and contract liability adjustments and additional administrative costs.

previous year.

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Expenses from Continuing Operations

Salaries, wages and benefits expense decreased ~~$4.9~~$5.2 million or 3% ~~and increased $17.8 million or 4%~~ during the ~~three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to the ~~corresponding periods~~first quarter of ~~2022. These expenses have been impacted by higher wage rates, increased personnel, including more pilots and benefit costs, higher employee attrition rates and more overtime pay.~~2023. The decline in expense ~~for the third quarter of 2023 compared to 2022~~ is due primarily to the ~~discontinuation~~decrease in total employees in the first quarter of ~~our services in latter 2022 of a package sorting hub we operated for a customer.~~2024 compare to 2023. Inflationary pressures and employee attrition may continue to impact wages in the ~~future.~~

future.

Depreciation and amortization expense increased ~~$3.0 million and $6.9~~$5.7 million during the ~~three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to the ~~corresponding periods~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~2023. The increase reflects incremental depreciation for ~~eleven~~15 newly converted aircraft added to its operating fleet since ~~October~~April 1, ~~2022 including seven of these added during the third quarter of~~ 2023. Increased depreciation from newly converted aircraft was partially offset by lower depreciation for our fleet of Boeing 767-200 aircraft. ~~Since October 1, 2022, airframes for nine Boeing 767-200 aircraft have become fully depreciated.~~ We expect depreciation expense to continue to increase during future periods in conjunction with our fleet expansion, engine programs and capital spending plans.

Maintenance, materials and repairs expense increased by ~~$13.0~~$6.1 million or ~~31% and $32.2 million or 28%~~14% during the ~~three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to the ~~corresponding periods~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~2023. This expense line includes the cost of materials and repairs to maintain aircraft and engines, as well as similar costs for providing maintenance services to customers. The increase reflects an increase in scheduled airframe maintenance, part repairs and ~~part~~engine repairs. The aircraft maintenance and material expenses can vary among periods due to the number of maintenance events and the scope of airframe checks that are performed.

~~Fuel~~

Contracted ground and aviation services expense ~~increased by $10.4 million~~includes navigational services, aircraft and ~~$11.0~~cargo handling services, baggage handling services and other airport services. Contracted ground and aviation services decreased $2.1 million during the ~~three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to the ~~corresponding periods~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~2023. Contracted ground and aviation services vary with the level of passenger airline operations. The decrease corresponded to decreased flying volumes.

Fuel expense decreased by $3.2 million during the first quarter of 2024 compared to the first quarter of 2023. Fuel expense includes the cost of fuel to operate DoD flights, fuel used to position aircraft for service and for maintenance purposes, as well as the cost of fuel we resell to customers at the airport in Wilmington, Ohio. For the three month period ended ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the ~~increase~~decrease in fuel expense reflects ~~an increase~~a decrease in block hours flown ~~for passenger services~~ and ~~an increase~~a decrease in ~~gallons we resold to other airlines.~~

~~Travel expense increased~~the price of fuel.

Other operating expenses decreased by ~~$6.4 million and $14.5~~$2.7 million during the ~~three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to the corresponding periods of 2022. In addition to the increased number of crew members, travel expense increased during 2023 due to significantly higher airfares and hotel rates compared to the prior year. For the third quarter on 2023, travel expenses also increased due to the increase in passenger flights we operated for customers.

~~Rent expense decreased by $0.6 million and increased by $2.1 million during the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively, compared to the corresponding periods of 2022~~ ~~due to additional aircraft engines and facility locations under lease. During the third~~first quarter of ~~2023, short term engine leases expired.~~

2023. Other operating expenses for 2024 include decreases for professional fees and precautionary expense related to COVID prevention.

Non-Operating Income, Adjustments and Expenses

Interest expense increased by ~~$7.2 million and $18.7~~$6.3 million during the ~~three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to the ~~corresponding periods 2022. Debt balances and interest~~first quarter of 2023. Interest rates under our Senior Credit Agreement increased year over year. Additionally, during August of 2023 we issued $400.0 million of unsecured convertible notes bearing interest at ~~3.875~~%3.875%, proceeds from which were used in part to replace $204.5 million of convertible notes bearing 1.125% which were set to mature in 2024. We expect interest expense to increase in future periods due to increases in our revolver balances as we expand CAM's fleet and increased interest rates that float with prevailing SOFR under our Senior Credit Agreement.

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We recorded unrealized pre-tax gains on financial instrument re-measurements of ~~$1.8 million and $1.9~~$2.4 million during the ~~three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to pre-tax ~~gains~~losses of ~~$0.7 million and $9.4~~$1.7 million for the ~~corresponding periods~~first quarter in ~~2022.~~2023. The gains and losses include the re-valuing, as of ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ the stock warrants and ATSG stock sale option granted to Amazon and interest rate swaps that we hold. Generally, the warrant values increase or decrease with corresponding ~~increases~~decreases or ~~decreases~~increases in the ATSG common stock price during the measurement period. Additionally, the value of warrants depends

partially on the probability that warrants will vest upon the execution of aircraft leases. Increases in the probability of a warrants vesting and the sales option exercise price being above the traded ATSG price results in higher liabilities and losses. During the three month period ended September 30, 2023, ATSG repurchased $204.5 million of par value of the 2017 Convertible Notes in the open market resulting in a net pre-tax gain of $0.9 million, net of fees which was recorded under net gain on financial instruments on the income statement during the corresponding period. Also, during the three month period ended September 30, 2022, ATSG repurchased $120.0 million of its Senior Notes par value in the open market resulting in a net pre-tax gain of $4.5 million, net of fees which was recorded under net gain on financial instruments on the income statement during the corresponding period.

Non-service components of retiree benefits resulted in net losses of ~~$3.2~~$1.1 million ~~and $9.7 million for~~during the ~~three and nine month period ended September 30, 2023, respectively,~~first quarter of 2024 compared to ~~gains~~losses of ~~$4.6 million and $15.4~~$3.2 million for the corresponding ~~periods~~period in ~~2022.~~2023. The non-service component gain and losses of retiree benefits are determined by actuaries and include the amortization of unrecognized gain and loss stemming from changes in assumptions regarding discount rates, expected investment returns and other retirement plan assumptions. Non-service components of retiree benefits can vary significantly from one year to the next based on investment results and changes in discount rates used to account for defined benefit retirement plans.

The provision for income taxes for interim periods is based on management's best ~~estimate~~estimates of the effective income tax ~~rate~~rates expected to be applicable for the current year, plus any adjustments arising from changes in the estimated amount of taxable income related to prior periods. Income taxes recorded through ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 have been estimated ~~utilizing a 25% rate~~ based ~~upon~~on year-to-date income and projected results for the full year. The effective rate can be impacted by a number of factors, including the continued impact of the apportionment of income among taxing jurisdictions, employee compensation limitations, the return of the meals and per diem deductibility limitations and our leasing efforts in our Ireland-based subsidiary.

The effective rate from continuing operations for the ~~nine~~three month period ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 was ~~25%~~31%. The effective tax rate is affected by the discrete tax items in which expense and benefits for tax purposes are different than required by generally accepted accounting principles. The effective rate can be impacted by a number of factors, including the apportionment of income among taxing jurisdictions, deductibility limitations on employee compensation, deductibility limitations on meals and per diems and the results of our Ireland-based subsidiary. The Company's effective tax rate before including the effects of the ~~warrant~~ re-measurement of financial instruments, incentive amortizations and other adjustments for adjusted pre-tax earnings from continuing operations (see items in the table above) was ~~26% and 24%~~29% for the three ~~and nine~~ month ~~periods~~period ended ~~September 30, 2023, respectively,~~March 31, 2024 compared to ~~23%~~24% for ~~both corresponding periods~~2023. The increase in ~~2022.~~

the effective tax rate for 2024 is due to an increase in non-deductible items on lower pre-tax earnings and an increase in the portion of pre-tax earnings occurring in tax jurisdictions with higher rates.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash Flows

Net cash generated from operating activities totaled ~~$526.1~~$126.4 million and ~~$398.1~~$216.4 million for the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively. ~~The increase in operating~~Operating cash flows during the first three months of 2023 were higher due to the collection of large amounts of customer receivables from previous periods. Cash payments for interest expense increased $19.7 million to $32.9 million for the first three months of 2024 compared to the same period of 2023 ~~was driven by faster payments from customers and lower customer accounts receivable balances.~~due to increased interest rates. Cash outlays for pension contributions were ~~$1.5~~$0.9 million and $0.8 million for ~~both nine~~the three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively.

Capital spending levels were primarily the result of aircraft modification costs and the acquisition of aircraft for freighter modification. Cash payments for capital expenditures were ~~$581.3~~$102.3 million and ~~$448.4~~$218.8 million for the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively. Capital expenditures for the ~~nine~~first three months of ~~2023~~2024 included ~~$422.9~~$71.9 million for the acquisition of ~~eight~~three Boeing 767-300 aircraft, two Airbus A330 aircraft and freighter modification costs; $28.1 million for required heavy maintenance; and $2.3 million for other equipment. Capital expenditures in the first three months of 2023 included $164.6 million for the acquisition of five Boeing 767-300 aircraft, two Airbus A321-200 aircraft and freighter modification costs; ~~$149.2~~$51.8 million for required heavy maintenance; and ~~$9.2~~$2.4 million for other equipment. ~~Capital expenditures in the first nine months~~

Table of 2022 included $303.0 million for the acquisition of six Boeing 767-300 aircraft, six Airbus A321-200 aircraft and freighter modification costs; $135.0 million for required heavy maintenance; and $10.4 million for other equipment.Contents

Cash proceeds of ~~$10.5~~$0.9 million and ~~$3.8~~$9.9 million were received during the ~~nine~~three month periods ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively, primarily for the sale of aircraft engines.

During the ~~nine~~three month period ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 we spent ~~$1.6~~$9.8 million to invest in joint ventures compared to ~~$16.2~~$0.8 million during the corresponding period in ~~2022.~~2023. Our joint venture with Precision Aircraft Solutions, LLC, developed a passenger-to-freighter conversion program for Airbus A321-200 aircraft and our joint venture with GA Telesis Engine Services, LLC provides engine tear-down services to harvest and sell engine parts.

Net cash used in financing activities was $45.6 million during the three month period ended March 31, 2024 compared to $55.8 million net cash provided by financing activities ~~was $69.8 million and $47.8 million~~ during the ~~nine month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.~~

~~In August of 2023 we issued $400.0 million of unsecured convertible notes (for additional information about these notes see 2023 Convertible Notes~~corresponding period in footnote F). We used $203.2 million of the proceeds to repurchase $204.5 million of the principal value of outstanding convertible notes that had been issued in 2017. Additionally, we used $118.5 million of the proceeds from the 2023 Convertible Notes to repurchase 5.4 million shares of ATSG common stock concurrently with the offering of the convertible notes. The Company used the remainder of the net proceeds from the offering to satisfy fees and expenses associated with the offering, to repay a portion of the outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility and for general corporate purposes

2023.

During the first ~~nine~~three months of ~~2023,~~2024, we drew ~~$220.0~~$95.0 million from the revolving credit facility under the Senior Credit Agreement and repaid ~~$180.5~~$140.1 million on the revolving credit and other financing arrangements. During the corresponding period in the prior year, we made debt principal payments of ~~$345.5~~$25.2 million and we drew ~~$510.0~~$105.0 million from the revolving credit facility.

Commitments

As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we had 2024 aircraft that were in or awaiting modification to a freighter configuration. Additionally, we placed non-refundable deposits and have agreements to purchase ~~nine~~three more Boeing 767-300 aircraft and five Airbus A330 passenger aircraft ~~and ten Airbus A330 aircraft~~ through ~~2024. We expect to purchase additional aircraft for modification in 2023 and 2024.~~2025. We outsource a significant portion of the aircraft freighter modification process to non-affiliated third parties. The modification process primarily consists of the installation of a standard cargo door and loading system. We estimate that total capital expenditures for ~~2023~~2024 will be approximately ~~$785~~$410 million, of which the majority will be related to aircraft purchases and freighter modifications. Actual capital spending for any future period will be impacted by whether customer demand supports our return requirements as well as aircraft acquisitions, maintenance and modification processes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

At ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we had ~~$50.6~~$23.2 million of cash balances and ~~$427.6~~$403.7 million available from the unused portion of the revolving credit facility under the Senior Credit Agreement as described in Note F of the accompanying consolidated financial statements. We expect our operations to continue to generate significant net cash in-flows after deducting required spending of approximately ~~$240~~$165 million for heavy maintenance and other sustaining capital expenditures. To expand our fleet, we estimate that capital expenditures for aircraft purchases and freighter modifications will total ~~$545~~$245 million for ~~2023.~~2024. We believe that our current cash balance, forecasted cash flows provided from customer leases and operating agreements, combined with the Senior Credit Agreement, will be sufficient to fund the expansion and maintenance of our fleet while meeting our contractual obligations, other commitments and working capital requirements for at least the next twelve months.

~~The war in Israel may impact~~ See Note F of the ~~progress~~accompanying consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our credit facilities and outstanding debt obligations.

Table of aircraft modifications, particularly those produced by our vendor in Israel. The conflict may create labor shortages or slow the availability of parts, resulting in the delayed completion of aircraft modification projects and pushing our contractual obligations into later periods.Contents

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The MD&A and certain other disclosures included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of the financial statements requires us to select appropriate accounting policies and make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingencies. In certain cases, there are alternative policies or estimation techniques which could be applied. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our selection of policies and the estimation techniques we use, including those related to revenue recognition, post-retirement liabilities, bad debts, self-insurance reserves, valuation of spare parts inventory, useful lives, salvage values and impairment of property and equipment, income taxes, contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience, current conditions and on various other assumptions that are believed by management to be reasonable under the circumstances. Those factors form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources, as well as for identifying and assessing our accounting treatment with respect to commitments and contingencies. By their nature, these

judgments are subject to uncertainty. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

For information regarding recently issued accounting pronouncements and the expected impact on our annual statements, see Note A in the accompanying notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Except as provided in Note A, our critical accounting policies and estimates have not changed materially from those disclosed in our ~~2022~~2023 Form 10-K.

ITEM3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

The Company is exposed to market risk for increasing interest rates and changes in the price of jet fuel. The risk associated with jet fuel, however, is largely mitigated by reimbursement through the agreements with its customers.

Market risks have not materially changed from those disclosed in Item 7A of the Company's ~~2022~~2023 Form ~~10-K~~

10-K.

ITEM4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q (the "Evaluation Date"). Based upon the evaluation, the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports filed or submitted by it under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, the Company’s management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and in reaching a reasonable level of assurance, the Company’s management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in the Company's "internal control over financial reporting" (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during its most recently completed fiscal quarter ended ~~September 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, its internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are currently a party to legal proceedings in various federal and state jurisdictions arising out of the operation of the Company's business. The amount of alleged liability, if any, from these proceedings cannot be determined with certainty; however, we believe that the Company's ultimate liability, if any, arising from the pending legal proceedings, as well as from asserted legal claims and known potential legal claims which are probable of assertion, taking into account established accruals for estimated liabilities, should not be material to our financial condition or results of operations.

In addition, we carry various forms of aviation, commercial, property and casualty, cybersecurity, product liability, and other forms of insurance; however, such insurance may not be applicable or adequate to cover the costs associated with a judgment against us.

For more information on various legal proceedings, see the discussion in Note H to our Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1, of this Form 10-Q. The information set forth therein related to legal proceedings is incorporated into this Item 3 by reference.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

The Company faces risks that could adversely affect its condition or results of operations.

On October 7, 2023, war started in Israel. Israel is the location of our primary vendor that converts our Boeing 767-300 passenger aircraft into freighters. The war may impact the progress of aircraft conversions, particularly those produced in Israel. The conflict may create labor shortages and slow the availability of required parts, resulting in the delayed completion of aircraft modification projects and pushing our contractual obligations into later periods. The war may also impact our passenger operations, reducing the number of flights that we operate for customers. Such delays and reductions may have a material adverse effect on our capital resources, financial condition, results of operation and liquidity.

Certain airlines that lease aircraft from us and serve international routes have recently experienced a weakness in demand from the large integrators and markets they serve. This could lead to a disruption in our expected revenues from one or more customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operation.

There have been no ~~other~~ material changes to the Company's risk factors from the information disclosed in Item 1A of the Company's ~~2022~~2023 Form 10-K. Other risks that are currently unknown to management or are currently considered immaterial or unlikely, could also adversely affect the Company.

ITEM2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.

On July 27, 2023, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to $120.0 million of ATSG's outstanding common stock (the "2023 Repurchase Program") exclusively in conjunction with a convertible bond offering that the Company was marketing at that time. The 2023 Repurchase Program is separate from the 2022 Repurchase Program described below. The Company subsequently purchased shares in August of 2023. The remaining available authorization under the 2023 Repurchase Program is $1.5 million which can only be used in conjunction with the repurchase of our 2017 Convertible Notes.

~~The following table summarizes our repurchases of ATSG common stock under the 2023 Repurchase Program during the third quarter ended September 30, 2023:~~

Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program
August 1, 2023 through August 31, 2023 5,435,777 $ 21.80 5,435,777 $ 1,524,132
Total for the quarter 5,435,777 5,435,777 $ 1,524,132

In addition, on November 29, 2022, the Board of Directors of ATSG (the "Board") authorized the repurchase of up to $150.0 million of ATSG's outstanding common stock (the "2022 Repurchase Program"). The 2022 Repurchase Program does not require the repurchase of a specific number of shares or establish a time frame for any repurchase and the Board may terminate the 2022 Repurchase Program at any time. Repurchases may be made under the 2022 Repurchase Program from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. There is no

expiration date for the 2022 Repurchase Program. The Company did not purchase any ATSG common stock under the 2022 Repurchase Program during the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2023.~~2024. As of ~~September 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the remaining available authorization under the 2022 Repurchase Program was $103.5 million.

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ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION

During the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2023,~~ March 31, 2024, no director or ~~Section 16~~ officer (as defined under Rule ~~16a-1~~16a-1 of the Exchange Act) of the Company adopted or terminated any Rule ~~10b5-1~~10b5-1 trading arrangements or any non-Rule ~~10b5-1~~10b5-1 trading arrangements (in each case, as defined in Item ~~408(a)~~408(a) of Regulation S-K).

ITEM6. EXHIBITS.

The following exhibits are filed with or incorporated by reference into this report.

ExhibitNo.
~~Exhibit No.~~		Description of Exhibit
	~~Instruments defining the rights of security holders~~ Material Contracts

~~4.1~~ 10.1	~~Indenture, dated August 14, 2023, between Air Transport Services Group, Inc. and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association.~~ ~~(5)~~

~~4.2~~		~~Form of 3.875% Convertible Senior Note due 2029 (included in Exhibit 4.1).~~ ~~(5)~~

		~~Material Contracts~~

~~10.1~~		Credit Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2023, by and among Airborne Global Leasing Limited, as borrower, Cargo Aircraft Management, Inc. and Air Transport Services Group, Inc., as guarantors, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Truist Bank, as administrative agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., PNC Capital Markets LLC and Regions Bank, as co-syndication agents, and Bank of America, N.A., as documentation agent. ~~(1)~~

~~10.2~~		Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2023, made by Cargo Aircraft Management, Inc., as a grantor and a guarantor, and certain of its affiliates, including Air Transport Services Group, Inc. and Airborne Freighter Holdings Limited, as guarantors, in favor of Truist Bank, as administrative agent. ~~(1)~~

~~10.3~~		Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2021, by and among Cargo Aircraft Management, Inc., as borrower, Air Transport Services Group, Inc., the lenders and other financial institutions from time to time a party thereto, Truist Bank, as administrative agent and a lender, Bank of America, N.A., JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., and PNC Bank, National Association, as co-syndication agents and Regions Bank, as documentation agent. ~~(2)~~

~~10.4~~		First Amendment to Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and Other Credit Documents, dated as of October 19, 2022, by and among Cargo Aircraft Management, Inc., as borrower, Air Transport Services Group, Inc. (“ATSG”), certain other subsidiaries of ATSG party thereto, each of the financial institutions party thereto as lenders, and Truist Bank, in its capacity as administrative agent. ~~(3)~~

~~10.5~~		Second Amendment to Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 1, 2023, by and among Cargo Aircraft Management, Inc., as borrower, Air Transport Services Group, Inc. (“ATSG”), certain other subsidiaries of ATSG party thereto, each of the financial institutions party thereto as lenders, and Truist Bank, in its capacity as administrative agent. ~~(1)~~

~~10.6~~		~~Collateral Agreement (Intercompany Note), dated as of March 1, 2023, made by Cargo Aircraft Management, Inc., as grantor, in favor of Truist Bank, as administrative agent.~~ ~~(1)~~

~~10.7~~		Air Transport Services Group, Inc. Executive Incentive Compensation Plan. (1) ~~(4)~~

~~10.8~~ 10.2	~~Purchase~~Form of Time-Based Restricted Stock Award Agreement ~~dated August 9, 2023, among~~under the Air Transport Services Group, Inc. Amended and ~~Truist Securities, Inc. and Oppenheimer & Co. Inc., as representatives of the initial purchasers named therein.~~Restated 2015 Long-Term Incentive Plan. (1) ~~(5)~~

			Certifications
	~~Certifications~~
31.1
~~31.1~~		Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.

31.2	Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.

32.1	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.

32.2	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, filed herewith.

101.INS
~~101.INS~~		Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document

101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104	Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

(1)	Incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2024.

~~____________________~~

~~(1)Incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 3, 2023.~~

~~(2)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 6, 2021.~~

~~(3)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 20, 2022.~~

~~(4)Incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 26, 2023.~~

~~(5)Incorporated by reference to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 15, 2023.~~

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

AIR TRANSPORT SERVICES GROUP, INC.,

a Delaware Corporation

Registrant

/S/ JOSEPH C. HETE

Joseph C. Hete

Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Date:

~~November~~

May 9, ~~2023~~2024

/S/ QUINT O. TURNER

Quint O. Turner

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer

Date:

~~November~~May 9, ~~2023~~2024

and Principal Accounting Officer)

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

	For the quarterly period March 31, 2024

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

	For the transition period from ________ to ________

Delaware		26-1631624
~~Delaware~~	~~26-1631624~~
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

145 Hunter Drive, Wilmington, OH	45177
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

						Page

					~~Page~~
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.		Financial Statements		32
		Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets		32
		Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations		43
		Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income		54
		Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity		65
		Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		86
		Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		97
Item 2.		Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		2826
Item 3.		Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		3736
Item 4.		Controls and Procedures		3736

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.		Legal Proceedings		3837
Item 1A.		Risk Factors		3837
Item 2.		Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities,, Use of Proceeds and ~~Issu~~erIssuer Purchases of ~~Equi~~Equity Securitiest y ~~Securities~~		3837
Item 5.		Other Information		3938
Item 6.	Exhibits	~~Exhibits~~38	39
SIGNATURES		4139

			Page
	~~Page~~
Note A - Summary of Financial Statement Preparation and Significant Accounting Policies		97
Note B - Goodwill, Intangibles and Equity Investments	119
Note C - Significant Customers	1210
Note D - Fair Value Measurements	1413
Note E - Property and Equipment	1614
Note F - Debt Obligations	1614
Note G - Derivative Instruments	1917
Note H - Commitments and Contingencies	1917
Note I - Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefit Plans	2119
Note J - Income Taxes	2220
Note K - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	2321
Note L - Stock-Based Compensation	2322
Note M - Common Stock and Earnings Per Share	2523
Note N - Segment and Revenue Information	2624


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	50,585	$	27,134
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $1,228 in 2023 and $939 in 2022	226,147		301,622
Inventory	50,680		57,764
Prepaid supplies and other	36,349		31,956
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS	363,761		418,476
Property and equipment, net	2,749,506		2,402,408
Customer incentive	64,873		79,650
Goodwill and acquired intangibles	484,981		492,642
Operating lease assets	59,224		74,070
Other assets	123,770		122,647
TOTAL ASSETS	$	3,846,115	$	3,589,893
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable	$	272,306	$	192,992
Accrued salaries, wages and benefits	59,346		56,498
Accrued expenses	12,233		12,466
Current portion of debt obligations	648		639
Current portion of lease obligations	21,534		23,316
Unearned revenue and grants	27,555		21,546
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES	393,622		307,457
Long term debt	1,691,141		1,464,285
Stock obligations	1,816		695
Post-retirement obligations	31,488		35,334
Long term lease obligations	38,737		51,575
Other liabilities	61,360		62,861
Deferred income taxes	279,778		255,180
TOTAL LIABILITIES	2,497,942		2,177,387
Commitments and contingencies (Note H)
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Preferred stock, 20,000,000 shares authorized, including 75,000 Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock	—		—
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 65,315,066 and 72,327,758 shares issued and outstanding in 2023 and 2022, respectively	653		723
Additional paid-in capital	835,630		986,303
Retained earnings	604,217		528,882
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(92,327)		(103,402)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	1,348,173		1,412,506
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	3,846,115	$	3,589,893


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
REVENUES	$	523,137	$	516,916	$	1,553,571	$	1,512,444
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages and benefits	165,110		169,967		512,283		494,526
Depreciation and amortization	86,252		83,283		253,671		246,726
Maintenance, materials and repairs	54,569		41,541		148,838		116,657
Fuel	79,020		68,620		213,046		202,080
Contracted ground and aviation services	18,353		18,278		55,823		56,762
Travel	36,223		29,865		96,998		82,544
Landing and ramp	4,271		4,210		13,139		12,873
Rent	7,811		8,383		24,197		22,114
Insurance	3,055		2,346		8,287		7,224
Other operating expenses	22,443		17,764		64,095		57,968



	477,107		444,257		1,390,377		1,299,474
OPERATING INCOME	46,030		72,659		163,194		212,970
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE)
Interest income	190		56		585		80
Non-service component of retiree benefit (loss) gains	(3,218)		4,635		(9,654)		15,411

Net gain on financial instruments	1,778		695		1,856		9,402
Loss from non-consolidated affiliate	(1,885)		(954)		(4,398)		(5,577)
Interest expense	(19,376)		(12,167)		(51,753)		(33,027)
	(22,511)		(7,735)		(63,364)		(13,711)

EARNINGS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS BEFORE INCOME TAXES	23,519		64,924		99,830		199,259
INCOME TAX EXPENSE	(6,347)		(14,736)		(24,495)		(45,065)
EARNINGS FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS	17,172		50,188		75,335		154,194
EARNINGS FROM DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, NET OF TAXES	—		854		—		1,736
NET EARNINGS	$	17,172	$	51,042	$	75,335	$	155,930

BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE
Continuing operations	$	0.26	$	0.68	$	1.08	$	2.08
Discontinued operations	—		0.01		—		0.03
TOTAL BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE	$	0.26	$	0.69	$	1.08	$	2.11

DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE
Continuing operations	$	0.24	0.57		$	0.98	1.76
Discontinued operations	—		0.01		—		0.02
TOTAL DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE	$	0.24	0.58		$	0.98	$	1.78

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES
Basic	67,253		73,998		69,909		73,956
Diluted	72,672		88,746		78,427		88,980


(in thousands)	December 31, 2021		Adoption of ASU 2020-06		January 1, 2022
Balance Sheet line item:
Principal value	$	(258,750)	$	—	$	(258,750)
Unamortized issuance cost	$	2,889	$	—	$	2,889
Unamortized discount	$	24,215	$	(24,215)	$	—
Convertible Debt	$	(231,646)	$	(24,215)	$	(255,861)
Net deferred tax liability	$	(217,291)	$	5,527	$	(211,764)
Additional paid-in capital	$	(1,074,286)	$	39,559	$	(1,034,727)
Retained earnings	$	(309,430)	$	(20,871)	$	(330,301)


	Airline		Amortizing
	Certificates		Intangibles		Total

Carrying value as of December 31, 2022	$	9,000	$	87,668	$	96,668
Amortization	—		(7,661)		(7,661)
Carrying value as of September 30, 2023	$	9,000	$	80,007	$	89,007


		Common Shares in millions
	Exercise price	Vested	Non-Vested	Expiration

2018 Investment Agreement	$21.53	14.8	0.0	December 20, 2025
2018 Investment Agreement	$20.40	7.0	0.0	December 20, 2025


As of September 30, 2023	Fair Value Measurement Using						Total
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents—money market	$	—	$	1,233	$	—	$	1,233
Interest rate swap	—		3,313		—		3,313
Total Assets	$	—	$	4,546	$	—	$	4,546
Liabilities

Sale option	—		—		(1,258)		$	(1,258)
Stock warrant obligations	—		—		(558)		(558)
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	(1,816)	$	(1,816)


As of December 31, 2022	Fair Value Measurement Using						Total
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Cash equivalents—money market	$	—	$	4,047	$	—	$	4,047
Interest rate swap	—		677		—		677
Total Assets	$	—	$	4,724	$	—	$	4,724
Liabilities

Stock warrant obligations	—		—		(695)		(695)
Total Liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	(695)	$	(695)


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Flight equipment	$	3,866,140	$	3,506,134
Ground equipment	71,419		70,092
Leasehold improvements, facilities and office equipment	41,417		40,183
Aircraft modifications and projects in progress	588,432		445,633
	4,567,408		4,062,042
Accumulated depreciation	(1,817,902)		(1,659,634)
Property and equipment, net	$	2,749,506	$	2,402,408


	2017 Convertible Notes	2023 Convertible Notes	Total Convertible Notes
Principal Value December 31, 2022	258,750	—	258,750
Issuance of convertible debt	—	400,000	400,000
Repurchase of convertible debt	(204,525)	—	(204,525)
Unamortized issuance cost	(220)	(10,063)	(10,283)
Convertible Debt September 30, 2023	54,005	389,937	443,942


			September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Expiration Date	Stated Interest Rate		Notional Amount	Market Value (Liability)	Notional Amount	Market Value (Liability)
March 31, 2023	2.425	%	—	—	125,625	677
March 31, 2026	3.793	%	50,000	1,170	—	—
March 31, 2026	3.836	%	50,000	1,126	—	—
June 30, 2026	4.257	%	50,000	463	—	—
June 30, 2026	4.185	%	50,000	554	—	—


	Operating Leases
2023	$	6,290
2024	21,997
2025	15,374
2026	8,730
2027	4,332
2028 and beyond	8,711
Total undiscounted cash payments	65,434
Less: amount representing interest	(5,163)
Present value of future minimum lease payments	60,271
Less: current obligations under leases	21,534
Long-term lease obligation	$	38,737


	Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
	Pension Plans				Post-Retirement Healthcare Plan				Pension Plans				Post-Retirement Healthcare Plan
	2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022		2023		2022
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	13	$	19	$	—	$	—	$	39	$	57
Interest cost	8,631		6,075		33		15		25,893		18,098		99		44
Expected return on plan assets	(10,192)		(11,738)		—		—		(30,576)		(35,215)		—		—


Amortization of net loss	4,745		1,002		—		11		14,235		1,628		—		34
Net periodic benefit cost (income)	$	3,184	$	(4,661)	$	46	$	45	$	9,552	$	(15,489)	$	138	$	135


	Defined Benefit Pension		Defined Benefit Post-Retirement		Foreign Currency Translation		Total
Balance as of June 30, 2022	$	(61,348)	$	(211)	$	(20)	$	(61,579)



Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:

Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits)	1,002		11		—		1,013
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit	(229)		(2)		—		(231)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	773		9		—		782
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	(60,575)	$	(202)	$	(20)	$	(60,797)

Balance as of January 1, 2022	$	(61,831)	$	(229)	$	(20)	$	(62,080)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:

Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits)	1,628		34		—		1,662
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit	(372)		(7)		—		(379)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	1,256		27		—		1,283
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	(60,575)	$	(202)	$	(20)	$	(60,797)

Balance as of June 30, 2023	$	(96,048)	$	36	$	—	$	(96,012)



Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits)	4,745		—		—		4,745
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit	(1,060)		—		—		(1,060)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	3,685		—		—		3,685
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	(92,363)	$	36	$	—	$	(92,327)

Balance as of January 1, 2023	$	(103,418)	$	36	$	(20)	$	(103,402)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications:

Foreign currency translation adjustment	—		—		20		20
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income:
Actuarial costs (reclassified to salaries, wages and benefits)	14,235		—		—		14,235
Income Tax (Expense) or Benefit	(3,180)		—		—		(3,180)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	11,055		—		20		11,075
Balance as of September 30, 2023	$	(92,363)	$	36	$	—	$	(92,327)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023			September 30, 2022
	Number of Awards	Weighted average grant-date fair value		Number of Awards	Weighted average grant-date fair value
Outstanding at beginning of period	929,205	$	21.83	978,188	$	17.49
Granted	577,598	21.35		283,467	35.44
Converted	(192,028)	21.04		(178,060)	22.15
Expired	(1,600)	22.03		(3,000)	40.02
Forfeited	(30,000)	24.52		(9,600)	26.74
Outstanding at end of period	1,283,175	$	21.66	1,070,995	$	21.32
Vested	346,565	$	9.78	322,156	$	9.76


	September 30,		December 31,
	2023		2022
Assets:
CAM	$	2,836,032	$	2,510,559
ACMI Services	860,199		921,522


All other	149,884		157,812
Total	$	3,846,115	$	3,589,893


	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
	ACMI Services	CAM	Total	ACMI Services	CAM	Total
In-service aircraft
Aircraft owned
Boeing 767-200 Freighter	4	16	20	4	26	30
Boeing 767-200 Passenger	2	—	2	2	—	2
Boeing 767-300 Freighter	2	73	75	2	65	67
Boeing 767-300 Passenger	5	—	5	5	—	5
Boeing 777-200 Passenger	3	—	3	3	—	3
Boeing 757-200 Combi	4	—	4	4	—	4
Airbus A321-200 Freighter	—	2	2	—	—	—
	20	91	111	20	91	111
Operating lease
Boeing 767-200 Passenger	1	—	1	1	—	1
Boeing 767-300 Passenger	3	—	3	3	—	3
Boeing 767-200 Freighter	2	—	2	2	—	2
Boeing 767-300 Freighter	13	—	13	11	—	11
Total	19	—	19	17	—	17
Other aircraft
Owned Boeing 767-300 under modification	—	13	13	—	15	15
Owned Airbus A321-200 under modification	—	7	7	—	7	7
Owned Boeing 767 staging for lease	—	1	1	—	—	—


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program	Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program
August 1, 2023 through August 31, 2023	5,435,777	$	21.80	5,435,777	$	1,524,132
Total for the quarter	5,435,777			5,435,777	$	1,524,132