UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549

titancolora07.jpg

FORM 10-Q
þQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For Quarterly Period Ended: SeptemberJune 30, 20172018
or
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 1-12936

TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware 36-3228472
(State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2701 Spruce Street, Quincy, IL 62301
(Address of principal executive offices, including Zip Code)

(217) 228-6011
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes  þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes þ  No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ¨
Accelerated filer þ
Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company o
Emerging growth company ¨
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o  No þ

Indicate the number of shares of Titan International, Inc. outstanding: 59,713,18459,897,619 shares common stock, $0.0001 par value, as of October 24, 2017.July 25, 2018.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  Page
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
 




PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements
TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands, except per share data)
 
Three months ended
Nine months endedThree months ended
Six months ended
September 30,
September 30,June 30,
June 30,
2017
2016
2017
20162018
2017
2018
2017
              
Net sales$370,988
 $306,195
 $1,092,888
 $958,203
$428,904
 $364,399
 $854,286
 $721,900
Cost of sales331,323
 271,275
 969,932
 851,268
370,592
 320,379
 736,413
 637,679
Gross profit39,665
 34,920
 122,956
 106,935
58,312
 44,020
 117,873
 84,221
Selling, general and administrative expenses39,753
 36,348
 115,553
 107,712
36,699
 34,463
 72,620
 75,801
Research and development expenses2,457
 2,597
 7,908
 7,790
2,754
 2,608
 5,631
 5,451
Royalty expense2,596
 2,285
 7,739
 6,688
2,634
 2,533
 5,297
 5,142
Loss from operations(5,141) (6,310) (8,244) (15,255)
Income (loss) from operations16,225
 4,416
 34,325
 (2,173)
Interest expense(7,537) (8,714) (22,578) (25,208)(7,672) (7,320) (15,190) (15,041)
Foreign exchange gain815
 398
 48
 7,403
Foreign exchange loss(3,610) (5,257) (8,042) (767)
Other income3,041
 3,578
 8,398
 10,532
2,477
 1,750
 10,227
 4,427
Loss before income taxes(8,822) (11,048) (22,376) (22,528)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes2,396
 (2,074) 5,964
 2,578
Net loss(11,218) (8,974) (28,340) (25,106)
Income (loss) before income taxes7,420
 (6,411) 21,320
 (13,554)
Provision for income taxes1,683
 126
 897
 3,568
Net income (loss)5,737
 (6,537) 20,423
 (17,122)
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests800
 (966) 1,424
 (1,099)40
 (244) (1,639) 624
Net loss attributable to Titan(12,018) (8,008) (29,764) (24,007)
Net income (loss) attributable to Titan5,697
 (6,293) 22,062
 (17,746)
Redemption value adjustment(882) (1,367) (3,981) (8,475)(4,678) (4,040) (7,021) (3,099)
Net loss applicable to common shareholders$(12,900) $(9,375) $(33,745) $(32,482)
Net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders$1,019
 $(10,333) $15,041
 $(20,845)
              
Earnings per common share: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Basic$(0.22) $(0.17) $(0.57) $(0.60)$0.02
 $(0.17) $0.25
 $(0.35)
Diluted$(0.22) $(0.17) $(0.57) $(0.60)$0.02
 $(0.17) $0.25
 $(0.35)
Average common shares and equivalents outstanding:   
    
   
    
Basic59,600
 53,946
 59,247
 53,895
59,750
 59,577
 59,731
 59,067
Diluted59,600
 53,946
 59,247
 53,895
59,878
 59,577
 59,877
 59,067
              
Dividends declared per common share:$0.005
 $0.005
 $0.015
 $0.015
$0.005
 $0.005
 $0.010
 $0.010
 
 








See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands)

 Three months ended
 September 30,
 2017 2016
Net loss$(11,218) $(8,974)
Currency translation adjustment14,015
 (386)
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax of $166 and $(126), respectively180
 465
Comprehensive income (loss)2,977
 (8,895)
Net comprehensive income (loss) attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests1,436
 (679)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan$1,541
 $(8,216)
 Three months ended
 June 30,
 2018 2017
Net income (loss)$5,737
 $(6,537)
Currency translation adjustment(38,338) 8,006
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax of $10 and $(97), respectively690
 989
Comprehensive (loss) income(31,911) 2,458
Net comprehensive loss attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests(2,185) (1,562)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Titan$(29,726) $4,020


 Nine months ended
 September 30,
 2017 2016
Net loss$(28,340) $(25,106)
Currency translation adjustment33,040
 21,545
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax of $55 and $(430), respectively1,902
 1,200
Comprehensive income (loss)6,602
 (2,361)
Net comprehensive income attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests2,657
 5,427
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan$3,945
 $(7,788)
 Six months ended
 June 30,
 2018 2017
Net income (loss)$20,423
 $(17,122)
Currency translation adjustment(30,276) 19,025
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax of $(44) and $(111), respectively1,573
 1,722
Comprehensive (loss) income(8,280) 3,625
Net comprehensive (loss) income attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests(3,225) 1,221
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Titan$(5,055) $2,404


























See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(All amounts in thousands, except share data)

September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
  
(unaudited)  (unaudited)  
Assets      
Current assets      
Cash and cash equivalents$155,675
 $147,827
$106,491
 $143,570
Certificates of deposit
 50,000
Accounts receivable, net236,216
 179,384
282,400
 226,703
Inventories331,378
 272,236
372,732
 339,836
Prepaid and other current assets62,632
 79,734
74,629
 73,084
Total current assets785,901
 729,181
836,252
 783,193
Property, plant and equipment, net440,078
 437,201
393,264
 421,248
Deferred income taxes9,259
 4,663
2,325
 3,779
Other assets94,672
 94,851
78,529
 81,892
Total assets$1,329,910
 $1,265,896
$1,310,370
 $1,290,112
      
Liabilities 
  
 
  
Current liabilities 
  
 
  
Short-term debt$36,174
 $97,412
$52,358
 $43,651
Accounts payable184,330
 148,255
226,041
 195,497
Other current liabilities133,631
 120,437
129,057
 133,774
Total current liabilities354,135
 366,104
407,456
 372,922
Long-term debt411,230
 408,760
409,613
 407,171
Deferred income taxes17,807
 13,183
11,765
 13,545
Other long-term liabilities84,611
 80,161
66,032
 73,197
Total liabilities867,783
 868,208
894,866
 866,835
      
Redeemable noncontrolling interest111,016
 104,809
117,546
 113,193
      
Equity 
  
 
  
Titan shareholders' equity

 



 

Common stock ($0.0001 par value, 120,000,000 shares authorized, 60,715,356 issued, 59,700,839 outstanding)
 
Common stock ($0.0001 par value, 120,000,000 shares authorized, 60,715,356 issued, 59,852,781 outstanding at June 30, 2018 and 59,800,559 outstanding at December 31, 2017)
 
Additional paid-in capital534,522
 479,075
524,466
 531,708
Retained earnings (deficit)(13,445) 17,214
Treasury stock (at cost, 1,014,517 and 1,083,212 shares, respectively)(9,502) (10,119)
Retained deficit(22,471) (44,022)
Treasury stock (at cost, 862,575 and 914,797 shares, respectively)(8,407) (8,606)
Stock reserved for deferred compensation(1,075) (1,075)
 (1,075)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(154,569) (188,278)(188,518) (157,076)
Total Titan shareholders’ equity355,931
 296,817
305,070
 320,929
Noncontrolling interests(4,820) (3,938)(7,112) (10,845)
Total equity351,111
 292,879
297,958
 310,084
Total liabilities and equity$1,329,910
 $1,265,896
$1,310,370
 $1,290,112

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands, except share data)


 Number of
common shares
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
 Retained earnings (deficit) Treasury stock 
Treasury stock
 reserved for
deferred compensation
 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Total Titan Equity  Noncontrolling interest Total Equity
 Number of
common shares
 
Additional
paid-in
capital
 Retained earnings (deficit) Treasury stock 
Stock
 reserved for
deferred compensation
 Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income Total Titan Equity  Noncontrolling interest Total Equity
Balance January 1, 201754,169,880
 $479,075
 $17,214
 $(10,119) $(1,075) $(188,278) $296,817
 $(3,938) $292,879
Balance January 1, 201859,800,559
 $531,708
 $(44,022) $(8,606) $(1,075) $(157,076) $320,929
 $(10,845) $310,084
Net income (loss) *

 

 (29,764) 

 

 

 (29,764) 1,153
 (28,611)

 

 22,062
 

 

 

 22,062
 (1,178) 20,884
Currency translation adjustment, net *          31,807
 31,807
 (722) 31,085
          (28,690) (28,690) 621
 (28,069)
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax

 

 

 

 

 1,902
 1,902
   1,902


 

 

 

 

 1,573
 1,573
   1,573
Dividends declared

 

 (895) 

 

 

 (895)   (895)

 

 (599) 

 

 

 (599)   (599)
Note conversion5,462,264
 58,460
         58,460
   58,460
Accounting standards adoption

 

 88
       88
 35
 123
Restricted stock awards31,798
 (286)   286
     
   
30,000
 


   


     
   
Acquisition of additional interest

 (1,032) 


 

 

 (4,325) (5,357) 5,208
 (149)
Redemption value adjustment

 (3,981)   

     (3,981)   (3,981)

 (7,021)   

     (7,021)   (7,021)
Stock-based compensation

 1,173
 

 

 

 

 1,173
   1,173


 618
 

 

 

 

 618
   618
VIE distributions

 

 

 

 

 

 
 (1,313) (1,313)

 

 

 

 

 

 
 (953) (953)
Deferred compensation transactions

 113
 


 


 1,075
 

 1,188
   1,188
Issuance of treasury stock under 401(k) plan36,897
 81
 

 331
 

 

 412
   412
22,222
 80
 

 199
 

 

 279
   279
Balance September 30, 201759,700,839
 $534,522
 $(13,445) $(9,502) $(1,075) $(154,569) $355,931
 $(4,820) $351,111
Balance June 30, 201859,852,781
 $524,466
 $(22,471) $(8,407) $
 $(188,518) $305,070
 $(7,112) $297,958
 
* Net income (loss) excludes $271$(461) of net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest. Currency translation adjustment excludes $1,955$(2,207) of currency translation related to redeemable noncontrolling interest.















See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
(All amounts in thousands)
Nine months ended September 30,Six months ended June 30,
Cash flows from operating activities:2017 20162018 2017
Net loss$(28,340) $(25,106)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
provided by (used for) operating activities:
 
  
Net income (loss)$20,423
 $(17,122)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash
used for operating activities:
 
  
Depreciation and amortization44,029
 44,889
30,175
 29,486
Deferred income tax provision(476) 172
287
 1,324
Stock-based compensation1,173
 1,164
618
 956
Issuance of treasury stock under 401(k) plan413
 422
279
 270
Foreign currency translation loss1,061
 9,822
8,034
 2,467
(Increase) decrease in assets: 
  
 
  
Accounts receivable(46,715) 2,788
(70,633) (34,879)
Inventories(46,083) 4,805
(47,612) (43,722)
Prepaid and other current assets20,046
 (12,314)(4,555) 2,877
Other assets2,948
 25
(621) 3,620
Increase (decrease) in liabilities: 
  
 
  
Accounts payable26,372
 21,344
39,550
 33,149
Other current liabilities8,821
 11,315
(660) (4,922)
Other liabilities1,539
 (5,342)(5,212) (4,057)
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities(15,212) 53,984
Net cash used for operating activities(29,927) (30,553)
Cash flows from investing activities: 
  
 
  
Capital expenditures(23,580) (30,846)(18,416) (15,152)
Certificates of deposit50,000
 

 40,000
Other1,293
 1,687
884
 1,038
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities27,713
 (29,159)
Net cash (used for) provided by investing activities(17,532) 25,886
Cash flows from financing activities: 
  
 
  
Proceeds from borrowings33,540
 2,390
40,078
 27,742
Payment on debt(41,003) (14,042)(24,527) (29,077)
Dividends paid(868) (810)(598) (570)
Net cash used for financing activities(8,331) (12,462)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities14,953
 (1,905)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash3,678
 2,958
(4,573) 1,981
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents7,848
 15,321
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(37,079) (4,591)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period147,827
 200,188
143,570
 147,827
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$155,675
 $215,509
$106,491
 $143,236
      
Supplemental information:      
Interest paid$18,360
 $19,827
$15,801
 $17,916
Income taxes paid, net of refunds received$550
 $4,316
$5,025
 $3,221
Noncash investing and financing information:      
Issuance of common stock for convertible debt payment$58,460
 $
$
 $58,460









See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)


1.BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 
InThe accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include the opinionaccounts of Titan International, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Titan or the Company), the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments which are normal, recurring, and necessary for a fair statement of the Company's financial position as of September 30, 2017, and the results of operations and cash flows for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.
Accounting policies have continued without significant change and are described in Note 1: Description of Business and Significant Accounting Policies contained in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. These interim financial statements have been prepared pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules applicable to Form 10-Q and, therefore, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted.(US GAAP) for interim financial information and in accordance with the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all normal, and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company's financial position as of June 30, 2018, and the results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the Company'sCompany’s latest Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The Company’s inventories are valued under the first in, first out (FIFO) method or average cost method. Net realizable value is estimated based on current selling prices. Estimated provisions are established for slow-moving and obsolete inventory.

Prior to 2017, the Company used the last in, first out (LIFO) inventory cost method at its Titan Wheel Corporation of Illinois subsidiary. Effective January 1, 2017, the Company elected to change its method of inventory accounting at this subsidiary to the FIFO method. The Company believes that the FIFO method is preferable as it results in increased uniformity across the Company’s global operations with respect to the method of inventory accounting, as no other subsidiaries were using the LIFO method. The Company also believes that the switch to FIFO at Titan Wheel Corporation of Illinois will improve financial reporting by better reflecting the current value of inventory, more closely aligning the flow of physical inventoryfiled with the accounting forSEC on February 23, 2018. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements include estimates and assumptions of management that affect the inventory, and providing better matching of revenues and expenses. The Company applied this changeamounts reported in method of inventory accounting by retrospectively adjusting the prior periodcondensed consolidated financial statements. The cumulative effect of this accounting change resulted in a $6.6 million increase in retained earnings as of January 1, 2016.

As a result of the retrospective adjustment of the change in accounting principle, certain amounts in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, were adjusted as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 As originally reported Effect of change As adjusted
Cost of sales$273,219
 $(1,944) $271,275
Income (loss) from operations(8,254) 1,944
 (6,310)
Net income (loss)(10,918) 1,944
 (8,974)
      
Basic and diluted loss per share$(0.21) $0.04
 $(0.17)

 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 As originally reported Effect of change As adjusted
Cost of sales$848,264
 $3,004
 $851,268
Loss from operations(12,251) (3,004) (15,255)
Net loss(22,102) (3,004) (25,106)
      
Basic and diluted loss per share$(0.55) $(0.05) $(0.60)


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

The Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016, was adjusted as follows:
 December 31, 2016
 As originally reported Effect of change As adjusted
Inventories$269,291
 $2,945
 $272,236
Retained earnings14,269
 2,945
 17,214


Net sales
Sales are presented net of allowances, discounts, and sales and other related taxes.Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Fair value of financial instruments
The Company records all financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, certificates of deposit, accounts receivable, notes receivable, accounts payable, other accruals, and notes payable at cost, which approximates fair value due to their short term or stated rates.  Investments in marketable equity securities are recorded at fair value.  The 6.875%6.50% senior secured notes due 20202023 (senior secured notes) were carried at cost of $396.6$394.7 million at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018. The fair value of the senior secured notes at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as obtained through an independent pricing source, was approximately $410.5$397.0 million.

Cash dividends
The Company declared cash dividends of $0.005 and $0.015$0.010 per share of common stock for each of the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016, respectively.2017. The thirdsecond quarter 20172018 cash dividend of $0.005 per share of common stock was paid October 13, 2017,on July 16, 2018, to shareholders of record on SeptemberJune 29, 2017.2018.

Use of estimates
The policies utilized by the Company in the preparation of the financial statements conform toNew accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and require management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual amounts could differ from these estimates and assumptions.standards:

Recently issuedAdoption of new accounting standards
In May 2014,The Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2014-09,Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)." This update supersedesCustomers" (the New Revenue Standard), effective January 1, 2018, using the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The core principle of this guidance ismodified retrospective approach. ASC 606 prescribes that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. ThisThe guidance also requires disclosure aboutprovides a five-step process to achieve that core principle:
Identify the nature, timing, and uncertainty ofcontract(s) with a customer
Identify the performance obligations
Determine the transaction price
Allocate the transaction price
Recognize revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amendments in this update were deferred by ASU No. 2015-14, "Revenue form Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) Deferral of Effective Date," andwhen the performance obligations are now effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. met

The Company is in the process of comparingcompared its current revenue recognition policies to the requirements of ASU No. 2014-09. For the majority of Titan’sNew Revenue Standard. Titan recognizes revenue arrangements, no significant impacts are expected as these transactions are not accounted for under industry-specific guidance that will be superseded by ASU No. 2014-09 and generally consist ofwhen the performance obligations specified in the Company's contracts have been satisfied. Titan's contracts typically contain a single performance obligation to transfer promised goods or services. While the Company has not identified any material differences in the amount and timing of revenue recognition related to ASU No. 2014-09, the evaluationthat is not complete and, accordingly, Titan has not yet reached a conclusionfulfilled on the overall impacts of adopting ASU No. 2014-09. The guidance provides for adoption either retrospectively to each prior reporting period or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The Company has determined that it will adoptdelivery based on shipping terms stipulated in the guidance using a cumulative-effect adjustment ascontract. As of January 1, 2018, none of the dateCompany's contracts contained a financing option and Titan did not have any contract assets or liabilities. The table below presents the cumulative effect of adoption. The Company believes it is following an appropriate timeline to allow for proper recognition, presentation, and disclosure uponthe adoption inof the year beginningNew Revenue Standard on select accounts of Titan's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at January 1, 2018.2018 (amounts in thousands):



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

 Balance at December 31, 2017 New Revenue Standard Adjustments Balance at January 1, 2018
Assets     
   Inventories$339,836
 $(390) $339,446
Liabilities     
   Other current liabilities133,774
 (513) 133,261
Equity     
   Retained (deficit) earnings(44,022) 88
 (43,934)
   Noncontrolling interests(10,845) 35
 (10,810)


Disaggregated Revenues
The following table presents revenues disaggregated by the major markets Titan serves (amounts in thousands):
 Three months ended Six months ended
 June 30, June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net sales 
    
  
Agricultural$186,870
 $172,923
 $381,037
 $353,439
Earthmoving/construction198,963
 150,970
 387,696
 286,589
Consumer43,071
 40,506
 85,553
 81,872
 $428,904
 $364,399
 $854,286
 $721,900


The Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2017-07, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost" on January 1, 2018, using the retrospective transition method. This standard changed the presentation of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit cost (net benefit cost) within the Statement of Operations. Under the previous guidance, net benefit cost was reported as an employee cost within operating income. The amendment requires the bifurcation of net benefit cost, with the service cost component to be presented with other employee compensation costs in operating income, while the other components will be reported separately outside of income from operations. The adoption of this accounting standard resulted in a change in certain previously reported amounts, whereby the Company reclassed $0.4 million and $0.9 million of non-service cost from cost of sales to other income on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. See Note 11 - Employee Benefit Plans in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further discussion.
In April 2016,March 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, "Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing.2018-05, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118." This ASU clarifiesupdates the following aspectsincome tax accounting in US GAAP to reflect the SEC's interpretive guidance released on December 22, 2017, when the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (2017 TCJA) was enacted. See Note 15 for more information regarding the impact of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance. 2017 TCJA.

In May 2016,2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, "Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients." This ASU affects only narrow aspects2017-09, "Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Topic 606 related to assessing the collectability criterion; presentation of sales tax; noncash consideration; and contract modifications and completed contracts at transition. The amendments in these updates affect the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09, as previously discussed above, and the effective dates are the same as those for ASU No. 2014-09.

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-20, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers." The amendments in this update affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU No. 2014-09, as discussed above, and the effective dates are the same as those for ASU No. 2014-09.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.Modification Accounting." This update addresses certain aspectsprovides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. This guidance isa share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. Disclosure requirements under Topic 718 remain unchanged. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years.January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance isdid not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements; no changes were made to the terms or conditions of share-based payments.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments." This update addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2018, with no resulting changes to the Company's consolidated financial statements.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)


Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." This update was issued to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The primary effect of adopting the new standard will be to record assets and obligations for the Company's operating leases. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessingevaluating the impact that adopting this new accounting guidance will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.of ASU 2016-02.

In August 2016,February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Classification2018-02, "Reclassification of Certain Cash ReceiptsTax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income." The amendments in this update allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 TCJA. Consequently, the amendments eliminate the stranded tax effects resulting from the 2017 TCJA and Cash Payments." This update addresses eight specific cash flow issues withwill improve the objectiveusefulness of reducing the existing diversity in practice.information reported to financial statement users. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017,2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim or annual reporting period. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, "Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets other than Inventory." This update requires the recognition of income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company adopted this guidance early, effective January 1, 2017. The adoptionis currently evaluating the impact of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, "Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost." This update requires an employer to report the service cost component of defined benefit pension cost and postretirement benefit cost in the same line item of the income statement as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, "Scope of Modification Accounting." This update provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in accordance with Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.2018-02.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

2. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

Accounts receivable consisted of the following as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Accounts receivable$239,095
 $182,728
$285,712
 $229,677
Allowance for doubtful accounts(2,879) (3,344)(3,312) (2,974)
Accounts receivable, net$236,216
 $179,384
$282,400
 $226,703

Accounts receivable are reduced by an estimated allowance for doubtful accounts, which is based on known risks and historical losses.


3. INVENTORIES
 
Inventories consisted of the following as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Raw material$88,036
 $76,380
$99,198
 $83,541
Work-in-process41,960
 32,395
45,069
 40,525
Finished goods201,382
 163,461
228,465
 215,770
$331,378
 $272,236
$372,732
 $339,836

 
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is estimated based on current selling prices. Inventory costs are calculated using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method or average cost method. Estimated provisions are established for slow-moving and obsolete inventory.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

4. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property, plant and equipment, net consisted of the following as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Land and improvements$47,215
 $43,871
$44,145
 $46,998
Buildings and improvements259,087
 239,036
255,716
 264,078
Machinery and equipment604,617
 573,717
592,557
 598,411
Tools, dies and molds112,650
 106,695
108,987
 108,649
Construction-in-process16,956
 43,080
15,179
 15,349
1,040,525
 1,006,399
1,016,584
 1,033,485
Less accumulated depreciation(600,447) (569,198)(623,320) (612,237)
$440,078
 $437,201
$393,264
 $421,248

 
Depreciation on fixed assetsproperty, plant and equipment for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, totaled $41.0$28.3 million and $42.1$27.4 million, respectively.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

Capital leases included in property, plant, and equipment consisted of the following as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Buildings and improvements$4,002
 $3,565
$3,897
 $4,056
Less accumulated amortization(2,213) (1,923)(2,257) (2,294)
$1,789
 $1,642
$1,640
 $1,762
      
Machinery and equipment$34,230
 $31,331
$31,633
 $32,379
Less accumulated amortization(29,091) (26,502)(26,694) (27,260)
$5,139
 $4,829
$4,939
 $5,119



5. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The components of intangible assets consisted of the following as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
Weighted Average Useful Lives (in Years) September 30, 2017 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
Weighted Average Useful Lives (in years) June 30, 2018 June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Amortizable intangible assets:        
Customer relationships9.9 $13,956
 $13,171
9.2 $13,609
 $13,922
Patents, trademarks and other7.5 15,180
 14,629
7.6 14,328
 15,208
Total at cost 29,136
 27,800
 27,937
 29,130
Less accumulated amortization (13,338) (11,399) (14,614) (13,855)
 $15,798
 $16,401
 $13,323
 $15,275

   
Amortization related to intangible assets for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, totaled $2.2$1.3 million and $2.1$1.5 million, respectively. Intangible assets are included as a component of other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

The estimated aggregate amortization expense at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, for each of the years (or other periods) set forth below was as follows (amounts in thousands):
October 1 - December 31, 2017$604
20182,257
July 1 - December 31, 2018$1,203
20192,237
2,306
20202,237
2,285
20211,563
1,164
20221,067
Thereafter6,900
5,298
$15,798
$13,323





TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

6. WARRANTY

Changes in the warranty liability consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):
2017 20162018 2017
Warranty liability, January 1$17,926
 $23,120
$18,612
 $17,926
Provision for warranty liabilities5,377
 4,950
4,213
 3,112
Warranty payments made(5,693) (8,882)(3,818) (3,378)
Warranty liability, September 30$17,610
 $19,188
Warranty liability, June 30$19,007
 $17,660


The Company provides limited warranties on workmanship on its products in all market segments. The majority of the Company’s products are subject to a limited warranty that ranges between less than one year and ten years, with certain product warranties being prorated after the first year. The Company calculates a provision for warranty expense based on past warranty experience. Warranty accruals are included as a component of other current liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.


7. REVOLVING CREDIT FACILITY AND LONG-TERM DEBT
 
Long-term debt consisted of the following as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2017June 30, 2018
Principal Balance Unamortized Discount Net Carrying AmountPrincipal Balance Unamortized Debt Issuance Net Carrying Amount
6.875% senior secured notes due 2020$400,000
 $(3,406) $396,594
6.50% senior secured notes due 2023$400,000
 $(5,304) $394,696
Titan Europe credit facilities33,541
 
 33,541
34,186
 
 34,186
Other debt16,296
 
 16,296
32,569
 
 32,569
Capital leases973
 
 973
520
 
 520
Total debt450,810
 (3,406) 447,404
467,275
 (5,304) 461,971
Less amounts due within one year36,174
 
 36,174
52,358
 
 52,358
Total long-term debt$414,636
 $(3,406) $411,230
$414,917
 $(5,304) $409,613

 
 December 31, 2016
 Principal Balance Unamortized Discount Net Carrying Amount
6.875% senior secured notes due 2020$400,000
 $(4,148) $395,852
5.625% convertible senior subordinated notes due 201760,161
 (13) 60,148
Titan Europe credit facilities33,710
 
 33,710
Other debt15,560
 
 15,560
Capital leases902
 
 902
     Total debt510,333
 (4,161) 506,172
Less amounts due within one year97,425
 (13) 97,412
     Total long-term debt$412,908
 $(4,148) $408,760




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

 December 31, 2017
 Principal Balance Unamortized Debt Issuance Net Carrying Amount
6.50% senior secured notes due 2023$400,000
 $(5,716) $394,284
Titan Europe credit facilities33,485
 
 33,485
Other debt22,564
 
 22,564
Capital leases489
 
 489
     Total debt456,538
 (5,716) 450,822
Less amounts due within one year43,651
 
 43,651
     Total long-term debt$412,887
 $(5,716) $407,171


Aggregate principal maturities of long-term debt at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, for each of the years (or other periods) set forth below were as follows (amounts in thousands):
October 1 - December 31, 2017$22,169
201811,704
July 1 - December 31, 2018$25,358
201914,082
29,832
2020402,259
8,535
2021455
2,921
2022254
Thereafter141
400,375
$450,810
$467,275

 
6.875%6.50% senior secured notes due 20202023
The senior secured notes are due October 2020.November 2023. Including the impact of debt issuance costs, these notes had an effective yield of 6.79% at issuance. These notes are secured by the land and buildings of the following subsidiaries of the Company:  Titan Tire Corporation, Titan Tire Corporation of Bryan, Titan Tire Corporation of Freeport, and Titan Wheel Corporation of Illinois.

5.625% convertible senior subordinated notes due 2017
In January 2017, the Company converted 97.1% of the principal balance of its 5.625% convertible senior subordinated notes (2017 Notes), which matured on January 15, 2017, into shares of Titan common stock. Immediately prior to maturity, $60.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2017 Notes was outstanding, of which holders of $58.5 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2017 Notes, or 97.1%, converted their 2017 Notes into shares of Titan common stock pursuant to the terms of the indenture governing the 2017 Notes. The $58.5 million in principal amount of converted 2017 Notes was converted into 5,462,264 shares of Titan common stock, representing approximately 10% of Titan’s common stock outstanding prior to conversion. Each $1,000 principal amount of the 2017 Notes was convertible into 93.436 shares of Titan common stock. The remaining $1.7 million principal amount of the 2017 Notes that was not converted was paid in cash at maturity.

Titan Europe credit facilities
The Titan Europe credit facilities contain borrowings from various institutions totaling $33.5$34.2 million in aggregate principal amount at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2018. Maturity dates on this debt range from less than one year to nine years and interest rates range from 5% to 6.9%. The Titan Europe facilities are secured by the assets of itsTitan's subsidiaries in Italy, Spain, Germany, and Brazil.

Revolving credit facility
In February 2017, theThe Company entered intohas a credit and security agreement with respect to a new $75 million revolving credit facility (credit facility) with agent BMO Harris Bank N.A. and other financial institutions party thereto. This credit facility replaced the Company's $150 million revolving credit facility which was previously scheduled to terminate in December 2017. The credit facility is collateralized by accounts receivable and inventory of certain of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries and includes a maturity of the earlier of five years or six months prioris scheduled to the scheduled maturity of the Company’s senior secured notes.mature in February 2022. From time to time Titan's availability under this credit facility may be less than $75 million as a result of outstanding letters of credit and eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances at certain of its domestic subsidiaries. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, an outstanding letter of credit under the credit facility totaled $12.5$12.3 million and the amount available under the facility totaled $62.5$62.7 million based upon eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances. During the first ninesix months of 20172018 and at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, there were no borrowings under the credit facility.

Other debt
The Company has working capital loans at Titan Pneus do Brasil Ltda and Voltyre-Prom at various interest rates, which totaled $8.9$8.7 million and $7.4$23.8 million at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, respectively. Maturity dates on this debt range from less than one year to three years.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

8. DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company uses financial derivatives to mitigate its exposure to volatility in foreign currency exchange rates. These derivative financial instruments are recognized at fair value. The Company has not designated these financial instruments as hedging instruments. Any gain or loss on the re-measurement of the fair value is recorded as an offset to currency exchange gain/loss. For the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company recorded currency exchange lossgain related to these derivatives of $0.2$0.4 million and $0.5$0.2 million, respectively.


9. REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTEREST

The Company, in partnership with One Equity Partners (OEP) and the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF), owns all of the equity interests in Voltyre-Prom, a leading producer of agricultural and industrial tires in Volgograd, Russia. The Company is party to a shareholders' agreement with OEP and RDIF which was entered into in connection with the acquisition of Voltyre-Prom. The agreement contains a settlement put option which is exercisable during a six-month period beginning in July 2018 through December of9, 2018, and may require Titan to purchase the indirect equity interests in Voltyre-Prom offrom OEP and RDIF in Voltyre-Prom with cash or Titan common stock, at a value set by the agreement. The value set by the agreement is the greater of: (i) the aggregate of the investment of the selling party and an amount representing an internal rate of return of 8%; or (ii) the last twelve months of EBITDA timesmultiplied by 5.5 less net debt times the selling party's ownership percentage. TheAs of June 30, 2018, the value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest held by OEP and RDIF has beenwas recorded at the aggregate of the investment of the selling party and an amount representing an internal rate of return of 8%, which was greater than the result of the calculation in clause (ii) above at September 30, 2017..

The redemption features of the settlement put option are not solely within the Company’s control and the noncontrolling interest is presented as a redeemable noncontrolling interest separately from total equity in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at the redemption value of the settlement put option. If the redemption value is greater than the carrying value of the noncontrolling interest, the increase in the redemption value is adjusted directly to retained earnings of the affected entity, or additional paid-in capital if there are no available retained earnings applicable to the redeemable noncontrolling interest.

In the first quarter of 2016, the Company acquired $25 million of additional shares in the consortium owning Voltyre-Prom, increasing Titan's ownership to 43% from 30%. The acquisition of shares was transacted through the conversion of an intercompany note previously held by Titan. As a result of the ownership change, the balance of the redeemable noncontrolling interest increased by $12 million at the time of such conversion of the intercompany note, which is comprised of a $3.5 million reclassification of currency translation and an $8.5 million reclassification of other equity.

The following is a reconciliation of redeemable noncontrolling interest as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 20162017 (amounts in thousands):
2017 20162018 2017
Balance at January 1$104,809
 $77,174
$113,193
 $104,809
Reclassification as a result of ownership change
 12,039
Income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest271
 1,775
Loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest(461) (190)
Currency translation1,955
 3,330
(2,207) 1,121
Redemption value adjustment3,981
 8,475
7,021
 3,099
Balance at September 30$111,016
 $102,793
Balance at June 30$117,546
 $108,839


This obligation with respect to the settlement put option approximates the cost to the Company if all remaining sharesequity interests in the consortium owning Voltyre-Prom were purchased by the Company on SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, and is presented in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet in redeemable noncontrolling interest, which is treated as mezzanine equity.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

10. LEASE COMMITMENTS

The Company leases certain buildings and equipment under operating leases.  Certain lease agreements provide for renewal options, fair value purchase options, and payment of property taxes, maintenance, and insurance by the Company. 

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, future minimum rental commitments under noncancellable operating leases with initial terms of at least one year were as follows (amounts in thousands):
October 1 - December 31, 2017$1,960
20185,489
July 1 - December 31, 2018$4,177
20194,478
7,185
20202,599
5,050
20211,908
4,006
20223,034
Thereafter1,952
6,831
Total future minimum lease payments$18,386
$30,283


At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company had assets held as capital leases with a net book value of $6.9$6.6 million included in property, plant and equipment. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, total future capital lease obligations relating to these leases were as follows (amounts in thousands):
October 1 - December 31, 2017$139
2018662
July 1 - December 31, 2018$168
2019150
159
202020
55
20212
41
202243
Thereafter53
Total future capital lease obligation payments973
519
Less amount representing interest(12)(4)
Present value of future capital lease obligation payments$961
$515



11. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Company has three frozen defined benefit pension plans covering certain employees or former employees of three U.S. subsidiaries. The Company also has pension plans covering certain employees of several foreign subsidiaries. The Company also sponsors a number of defined contribution plans in the U.S. and at foreign subsidiaries. The Company contributed approximately $2.1$1.7 million to the pension plans during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, and expects to contribute approximately $1.2$3.7 million to the pension plans during the remainder of 2017.2018.
 
The components of net periodic pension cost consisted of the following for the periods set forth below (amounts in thousands):
Three months ended Nine months endedThree months ended Six months ended
September 30, September 30,June 30, June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
Service cost$129
 $74
 $482
 $386
$141
 $128
 $278
 $353
Interest cost1,197
 1,230
 3,531
 3,700
1,098
 1,163
 2,181
 2,334
Expected return on assets(1,372) (1,396) (4,109) (4,184)(1,491) (1,368) (2,983) (2,737)
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost34
 35
 102
 103
50
 34
 100
 68
Amortization of net unrecognized loss663
 762
 1,992
 2,289
690
 655
 1,366
 1,329
Net periodic pension cost$651
 $705
 $1,998
 $2,294
$488
 $612
 $942
 $1,347



Service cost is recorded as cost of sales in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations while all other components are recorded in other income.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)


12. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
 
The Company holds a variable interest in three joint ventures for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Two of the joint ventures operate distribution facilities which primarily distribute mining products. OneTitan is the 50% owner of one of these distribution facilities, which is located in Canada, and the 40% owner of the other such facility, which is located in Australia. The Company’s variable interest in these joint ventures relates to sales of Titan product to these entities, consigned inventory, and working capital loans. The third joint venture is the consortium which owns Voltyre-Prom. (SeeTitan owns 43% of the consortium owning Voltyre-Prom, which is subject to a shareholder agreement containing a settlement put option which may require Titan to purchase the remaining equity interests in the consortium. See Note 9 for additional information.)
The Company also holds a variable interest in five other entities for which Titan is acting as operating partner with responsibility for Voltyre-Prom’s daily operations.the primary beneficiary. Each of these entities provides specific manufacturing related services at the Company's Tennessee facility. Titan's variable interest in these entities relates to financial support to the entities through providing many of the assets used by these entities in their business. The Company has also provided working capital loans to Voltyre-Prom.owns no equity in these entities.
 
As the primary beneficiary of these variable interest entities (VIEs), the entities’ assets, liabilities, and results of operations are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The other equity holders’ interests are reflected in “Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and “Noncontrolling interests” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 
The following table summarizes the carrying amount of the entities’ assets and liabilities included in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, and December 31, 20162017 (amounts in thousands):
September 30,
2017
 December 31, 2016June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017
Cash and cash equivalents$12,251
 $9,396
$8,911
 $10,621
Inventory13,862
 11,445
12,599
 13,494
Other current assets22,099
 23,301
39,244
 36,334
Property, plant and equipment, net34,131
 30,448
31,262
 33,717
Other noncurrent assets8,431
 4,955
3,880
 4,250
Total assets$90,774
 $79,545
$95,896
 $98,416
      
Current liabilities$23,744
 $22,068
$36,749
 $32,172
Noncurrent liabilities9,759
 5,350
7,613
 8,291
Total liabilities$33,503
 $27,418
$44,362
 $40,463

 
All assets in the above table can only be used to settle obligations of the consolidated VIE to which the respective assets relate. Liabilities are nonrecourse obligations. Amounts presented in the table above are adjusted for intercompany eliminations.

The Company holds a variable interestinterests in certain VIEs which are not consolidated because Titan is not the primary beneficiary. The Company's involvement with these entities is in the form of direct equity interests and prepayments and purchases of materials. The maximum exposure to loss represents the loss of assets recognized by Titan relating to non-consolidated entities and amounts due to the non-consolidated assets. The assets and liabilities recognized in Titan's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets related to Titan's interest in these non-consolidated VIEs and the Company's maximum exposure to loss relating to non-consolidated VIEs as of the dates set forth below were as follows (amounts in thousands):
September 30,
2017
 December 31, 2016June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017
Investments$3,505
 $4,738
$4,034
 $3,823
Other current assets1,224
 1,039
1,267
 1,261
Total VIE assets4,729
 5,777
5,301
 5,084
Accounts payable1,706
 932
1,972
 1,413
Maximum exposure to loss$6,435
 $6,709
$7,273
 $6,497





TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)


13. ROYALTY EXPENSE

The Company has trademark license agreements with The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company to manufacture and sell certain farm tires under the Goodyear name. These agreements cover sales in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Russia, and other Commonwealth of Independent States countries. The North American and Latin American farm tire royalties were prepaid through March 2018 as a partEach of the 2011 Goodyear Latin American farm tire acquisition.these agreements expire in 2025. The Company also has a trademark license agreement with Goodyear to manufacture and sell certain non-farm tire products in Latin America.America which expires in June 2019. Royalty expenses recorded were $2.6 million and $2.3$2.5 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. Royalty expenses recorded were $7.7$5.3 million and $6.7$5.1 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.


14. OTHER INCOME

Other income consisted of the following for the periods set forth below (amounts in thousands):
Three months ended Nine months endedThree months ended Six months ended
September 30, September 30,June 30, June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
Equity investment income$1,391
 $840
 $2,741
 $2,423
$1,067
 $530
 $2,183
 $1,350
Interest income872
 929
 2,646
 2,182
532
 801
 1,149
 1,774
Building rental income410
 595
 988
 1,195
Investment gain related to investments for deferred compensation480
 560
 1,827
 52
567
 497
 688
 1,347
Building rental income594
 557
 1,789
 1,528
Discount amortization on prepaid royalty180
 389
 689
 1,168
Gain (loss) on sale of assets(542) (71) (734) 2,271
Other income (expense)66
 374
 (560) 908
Other (expense) income(99) (673) 5,219
 (1,239)
$3,041
 $3,578
 $8,398
 $10,532
$2,477
 $1,750
 $10,227
 $4,427



15. INCOME TAXES

The Company recorded income tax expense (benefit) of $2.4$1.7 million and $(2.1)$0.1 million for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company recorded income tax expense of $6.0$0.9 million and $2.6$3.6 million, respectively. The Company's effective income tax rate was (27)%23% and 16%(2)% for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016,4% and (27)% and (13)(26)% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

The Company’s 2018 income tax expense and 2016, respectively.rate differed from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to pre-tax income primarily as a result of a reduction of the liability for unrecognized tax positions and U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions that incurred a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets created by current year projected losses. In addition, there were non-deductible royalty expenses and statutorily required income adjustments made in certain foreign jurisdictions that negatively impacted the tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2018.

The Company’s 2017 income tax expense and rate differed from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to pre-tax income primarily as a result of U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions that incurred a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets created by current year projected losses. In addition, there were non-deductible royalty expenses and statutorily required income adjustments made in certain foreign jurisdictions that negatively impacted the tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.period. During the second quarter of 2017, the IRS income tax audit for tax years 2010 through 2014 was settled, which did not result in any material change to the Company's income tax expense.

The Company’s 2016 income tax expense and rate differed from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to pre-tax income primarily as a result of U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions that incurred a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets created by current year projected losses. In addition, the Company adjusted its net uncertain tax positions which resulted in a tax benefit of $2.5 million.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

The Company continues to monitor the realization of its deferred tax assets and assesses the need for a valuation allowance. The Company analyzes available positive and negative evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is needed based on the weight of the evidence. This objectively verifiable evidence primarily includes the past three years' profit and loss positions and the Company weighs this evidence to determine if a valuation allowance is needed.positions. This process requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that are uncertain in nature. The Company has established valuation allowances with respect to deferred tax assets in U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions and continues to monitor and assess potential valuation allowances in all its jurisdictions.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)



The 2017 TCJA was enacted on December 22, 2017, and includes a number of changes to the Internal Revenue Code including a one-time transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of cumulative undistributed foreign earnings and a permanent reduction in the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate from 35% to 21% effective on January 1, 2018.  The 2017 TCJA also created a new requirement that certain income (i.e., global intangible low taxed income, or GILTI) earned by foreign subsidiaries must be included currently in the gross income of the U.S. shareholder.  Consistent with guidance issued by SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 118, which provides for a measurement period of one year from the enactment date to finalize the accounting for effects of the 2017 TCJA, the Company has provisionally recorded no additional income tax expense related to the one-time mandatory deemed repatriation provision of the 2017 TCJA. For 2018, the Company has estimated an amount of GILTI income which is included in the calculation of 2018 income tax expense. This GILTI income inclusion, however, is fully offset by a change in the valuation allowance. The remeasurement of the U.S. net deferred asset from the 2017 corporate income tax rate change was fully offset by a change in the valuation allowance in 2017.


16. EARNINGS PER SHARE
 
Earnings per share (EPS) were as follows for the periods presented below (amounts in thousands, except per share data):
Three months ended Nine months endedThree months ended Six months ended
September 30, September 30,June 30, June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
              
Net loss attributable to Titan$(12,018) $(8,008) $(29,764) $(24,007)
Net income (loss) attributable to Titan$5,697
 $(6,293) $22,062
 $(17,746)
Redemption value adjustment(882) (1,367) (3,981) (8,475)(4,678) (4,040) (7,021) (3,099)
Net loss applicable to common shareholders$(12,900) $(9,375) $(33,745) $(32,482)
Net income (loss) applicable to common shareholders$1,019
 $(10,333) $15,041
 $(20,845)
Determination of shares:              
Weighted average shares outstanding (basic and diluted)59,600
 53,946
 59,247
 53,895
Weighted average shares outstanding (basic)59,750
 59,577
 59,731
 59,067
Effect of stock options/trusts128
 
 146
 
Weighted average shares outstanding (diluted)59,878
 59,577
 59,877
 59,067
Earnings per share:              
Basic and diluted(0.22) (0.17) (0.57) (0.60)0.02
 (0.17) 0.25
 (0.35)

The effect of stock options, shares held by certain trusts, and convertible notes has been excluded from the calculation of EPS for the ninethree and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, and 2016, as the effect would have been antidilutive. The weighted average share amount excluded for stock options and shares held by certain trusts was 0.2 million for each of the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, and 0.3 million and 0.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively.2017. The weighted average share amount excluded for convertible notes totaled 0.30.5 million shares for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, and 5.6 million shares for each of the three and nine months ended and September 30, 2016.2017.
 




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

17. LITIGATION
 
The Company is a party to routine legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of business. Although it is not possible to predict with certainty the outcome of these unresolved legal actions or the range of possible loss, the Company believes at this time that none of these actions, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company. However, dueDue to the difficult nature of predicting unresolved and future legal claims, the Company cannot anticipate or predict the material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows as a result of efforts to comply with, or liabilities pertaining to, legal judgments.

TwoAt June 30, 2018, two of Titan’s subsidiaries are currentlywere involved in litigation concerning environmental laws and regulations.

In October 2010, the United States of America, on behalf of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), filed a complaint against Dico, Inc. (Dico) andJune 2015, Titan Tire Corporation (Titan Tire) in theand Dico, Inc. (Dico) appealed a U.S. District Court order granting the U.S. motion for the Southern District of Iowa, wherein the EPA sought civil penalties, punitive damages, and response costs againstsummary judgment that found Dico and Titan Tire pursuant toliable for violating the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA).

In June 2015, Titan Tire and Dico, Inc. appealed the U.S. District Court’s order granting the EPA’s motion for summary judgment that found Dicoan Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrative Order and Titan Tire liable for civil penalties andawarded response costs, for violating CERCLA and Dico liable for civil penalties, and punitive damages for violating an EPA Administrative Order.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
damages.

In December 2015, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit reversed the District Court’s summary judgment order with respect to “arranger” liability for Titan Tire and Dico under CERCLA and the imposition of punitive damages against Dico for violating the EPA Administrative Order, but affirmed the summary judgment order imposing civil penalties in the amount of $1.62 million against Dico for violating the EPA Administrative Order. The case was remanded to the District Court for a new trial on the remaining issues.

The trial was heldoccurred in April 2017. On September 5, 2017, the District Court issued an order: (a) concluding Titan Tire and Dico arranged for the disposal of a hazardous substance in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a); (b) holding Titan Tire and Dico jointly and severally liable for $5.45 million in response costs previously incurred and reported by the United States relating to the alleged violation, including enforcement costs and attorney’s fees; and (c) awarding a declaratory judgment holding Titan Tire and Dico jointly and severally liable for all additional response costs previously incurred but not yet reported or to be incurred in the future, including enforcement costs and attorney’s fees. The District Court also held Dico liable for $5.45 million in punitive damages under 42 U.S.C. § 9607(c)(3) for violating a unilateral administrative order. The punitive damages award does not apply to Titan Tire. The Company accrued a contingent liability of $6.5 million, representing $5.45 million in costs incurred by the United States and $1.05 million of additional response costs, for this order in the quarter ended September 30, 2017.

Titan Tire and Dico will appealare appealing the case to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. The Notice of Appeal was filed on November 2, 2017, and the Appellants' brief was filed on February 26, 2018. The Appellee’s brief was filed on May 30, 2018, and the Appellants’ reply was filed on July 9, 2018. While the Company believes it has meritorious arguments, the outcome of this appeal cannot be predicted. An appeal bond was secured to stay the execution of any collection actions underlying judgment pending the outcome of the appeal.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

18. SEGMENT INFORMATION
 
The Company has aggregated its operating units into reportable segments based on its three customer markets: agricultural, earthmoving/construction, and consumer. These segments are based on the information used by the chief executive officerChief Executive Officer to make certain operating decisions, allocate portions of capital expenditures, and assess segment performance. Segment external sales, expenses, and income from operations are determined based on the results of operations for the operating units of the Company's manufacturing facilities. Expenses and income from operations are allocated to appropriate segments based on the sales of operating units of manufacturing facilities. Segment assets are generally determined on the basis of the tangible assets located at such operating units’ manufacturing facilities and the intangible assets associated with the acquisitions of such operating units. However, certain operating units’ property, plant and equipment balances are carried at the corporate level. Titan is organized primarily on the basis of products being included in three market segments, with each reportable segment including wheels, tires, wheel/tire assemblies, and undercarriage systems and components.
 


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

The table below presents information about certain operating results, separated by market segments, for each of the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 20162017 (amounts in thousands):

Three months ended Nine months endedThree months ended Six months ended

September 30, September 30,June 30, June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
Net sales    
 
    
 
Agricultural$170,895
 $138,568
 $524,335
 $438,108
$186,870
 $172,923
 $381,037
 $353,439
Earthmoving/construction156,442
 128,917
 443,030
 401,649
198,963
 150,970
 387,696
 286,589
Consumer43,651
 38,710
 125,523
 118,446
43,071
 40,506
 85,553
 81,872
$370,988
 $306,195
 $1,092,888
 $958,203
$428,904
 $364,399
 $854,286
 $721,900
Gross profit 
  
     
  
    
Agricultural$18,930
 $18,592
 $63,542
 $57,684
$27,270
 $23,037
 $57,231
 $44,916
Earthmoving/construction14,534
 11,553
 41,170
 36,354
24,260
 14,254
 46,722
 27,152
Consumer6,201
 4,775
 18,244
 12,897
6,782
 6,729
 13,920
 12,153
$39,665
 $34,920
 $122,956
 $106,935
$58,312
 $44,020
 $117,873
 $84,221
Income (loss) from operations 
  
     
  
    
Agricultural$10,056
 $9,891
 $36,721
 $32,718
$19,002
 $14,224
 $40,323
 $26,969
Earthmoving/construction2,985
 807
 5,853
 4,060
11,575
 2,322
 21,528
 3,384
Consumer3,060
 1,331
 8,001
 2,072
3,651
 3,536
 7,598
 5,051
Corporate & Unallocated(21,242) (18,339) (58,819) (54,105)(18,003) (15,666) (35,124) (37,577)
Loss from operations(5,141) (6,310) (8,244) (15,255)
Income (loss) from operations16,225
 4,416
 34,325
 (2,173)
              
Interest expense(7,537) (8,714) (22,578) (25,208)(7,672) (7,320) (15,190) (15,041)
Foreign exchange gain815
 398
 48
 7,403
Foreign exchange loss(3,610) (5,257) (8,042) (767)
Other income, net3,041
 3,578
 8,398
 10,532
2,477
 1,750
 10,227
 4,427
Loss before income taxes$(8,822) $(11,048) $(22,376) $(22,528)
Income (loss) before income taxes$7,420
 $(6,411) $21,320
 $(13,554)


Assets by segment were as follows as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
June 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
Total assets 
  
 
  
Agricultural$482,958
 $439,371
$470,466
 $444,783
Earthmoving/construction533,112
 443,879
576,842
 537,855
Consumer141,496
 140,293
131,943
 157,133
Corporate & Unallocated172,344
 242,353
131,119
 150,341
$1,329,910
 $1,265,896
$1,310,370
 $1,290,112
 


19. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
 
Accounting standards for fair value measurements establish a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value.  These tiers are defined as:
 
Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical instruments.
Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable.
Level 3 – Unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.
 


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis consisted of the following as of the dates set forth below (amounts in thousands):
September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Contractual obligation investments$11,494

$11,494

$

$
 $9,668
 $9,668
 $
 $
$14,268

$14,268

$

$
 $12,393
 $12,393
 $
 $
Derivative financial instruments asset566
 
 566
 
 988
 
 988
 
600
 
 600
 
 458
 
 458
 
Preferred stock145
 
 
 145
 181
 
 
 181
111
 
 
 111
 154
 
 
 154
Total$12,205
 $11,494
 $566
 $145
 $10,837
 $9,668
 $988
 $181
$14,979
 $14,268
 $600
 $111
 $13,005
 $12,393
 $458
 $154

The following table presents the changes, during the periods presented,six months ended June 30, 2018, in Titan's Level 3 investments that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (amounts in thousands):
 Preferred stock
Balance at December 31, 2016$181
  Total unrealized losses(36)
Balance as of September 30, 2017$145
 Preferred stock
Balance at December 31, 2017$154
  Total unrealized losses(43)
Balance as of June 30, 2018$111


The preferred stock was valued based on the book value of the common stock into which it can be converted.


20. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
The Company sells products and pays commissions to companies controlled by persons related to the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, Mr. Maurice Taylor. The related party is Mr. Fred Taylor, who is Mr. Maurice Taylor’s brother. The companies with which Mr. Fred Taylor is associated with that do business with Titan include the following: Blackstone OTR, LLC; F.B.T. Enterprises, Inc.; Green Carbon, Inc.; Silverstone, Inc.; and OTR Wheel Engineering, Inc.  Sales of Titan products to these companies were approximately $0.3 million and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively, as compared to $0.2 million and $0.6 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018, respectively, as compared to $0.5 million and $1.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively. Titan had trade receivables due from these companies of approximately $0.2 million at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, and approximately $0.1$0.4 million at December 31, 2016.2017.  Titan had product purchases from these companies of approximately $0.2$0.0 million and $0.4$0.3 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, respectively, as compared to purchases of approximately $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the each of the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, respectively.2017. Sales commissions paid to the above companies were approximately $0.7$0.5 million and $1.4$1.0 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, respectively, as compared to $0.4$0.3 million and $1.4$0.7 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, respectively.

The Company sells products to Valuepart and Track Solutions Pty Ltd., which is controlled by relatives of a member of management of a Titan subsidiary. Sales of Titan products to this company were approximately $0.1 million and $0.2 million for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, respectively.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

In July 2013, the Company entered into a Shareholders’ Agreement between OEP and RDIF to acquire Voltyre-Prom. Mr. Richard M. Cashin Jr., a director of the Company, is the President of OEP, which owns 21.4% of the joint venture.  The Shareholders’ Agreement contains a settlement put option which may require the Company to purchase equity interests in the joint venture from OEP and RDIF at a value set by the agreement. See Note 9 for additional information.
The Company has a 34.2% equity stake in Wheels India Limited, a company incorporated in India and listed on the National Stock Exchange in India. The Company had trade payables due to Wheels India Limited of approximately $0.1 million at September 30, 2017, and approximately $0.1 million at December 31, 2016.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

The Company has a 19.5% equity stake in Titan-Yuxiang Wheel (Liuzhou) Co., Ltd, a company incorporated in China. The Company had trade payables due to Titan-Yuxiang Wheel (Liuzhou) Co., Ltd of approximately $1.7 million at September 30, 2017, and approximately $0.9 million at December 31, 2016.
The Company has a 49.0% equity stake in Central Iowa Training and Enrichment Center, LLC, an entity that owns a commercial building located in Boone, IA.
21. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of the following for the periods presented below (amounts in thousands):
 
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Unrecognized
Losses and
Prior Service
Cost
 
 
 
Total
Balance at July 1, 2017$(144,200) $(23,928) $(168,128)
Currency translation adjustments13,379
 
 13,379
Defined benefit pension plan entries: 
  
  
  Amortization of unrecognized losses and prior service cost,
  net of tax of $166

 180
 180
Balance at September 30, 2017$(130,821) $(23,748) $(154,569)
 
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Unrecognized
Losses and
Prior Service
Cost
 
 
 
Total
Balance at April 1, 2018$(125,526) $(23,244) $(148,770)
Currency translation adjustments(36,113) 
 (36,113)
Defined benefit pension plan entries: 
  
  
  Amortization of unrecognized losses and prior service cost,
  net of tax of $10

 690
 690
Reclassification as a result of ownership change(4,325) 
 (4,325)
Balance at June 30, 2018$(165,964) $(22,554) $(188,518)
 
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Unrecognized
Losses and
Prior Service
Cost
 
 
 
Total
Balance at January 1, 2017$(162,628) $(25,650) $(188,278)
Currency translation adjustments31,807
 
 31,807
Defined benefit pension plan entries: 
  
  
  Amortization of unrecognized losses and prior service cost,
  net of tax of $55

 1,902
 1,902
Balance at September 30, 2017$(130,821) $(23,748) $(154,569)
 
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Unrecognized
Losses and
Prior Service
Cost
 
 
 
Total
Balance at January 1, 2018$(132,949) $(24,127) $(157,076)
Currency translation adjustments(28,690) 
 (28,690)
Defined benefit pension plan entries: 
  
  
  Amortization of unrecognized losses and prior service cost,
  net of tax of $(44)

 1,573
 1,573
Reclassification as a result of ownership change(4,325) 
 (4,325)
Balance at June 30, 2018$(165,964) $(22,554) $(188,518)

22. OTHER EVENTS
On September 21, 2017, a fire occurred at a facility of Titan Tire Reclamation Corporation (TTRC), a subsidiary of the Company, located in Fort McMurray, AB.  The TTRC facility contains six thermal vacuum recovery (TVR) units, which are large, contained capsules used to recycle large mining tires.  The fire started within one of the TVR units and was contained to a building housing three of the TVR units. The TTRC staff is working with affected customers to minimize the impact to their respective businesses. Three other TVR units located in another building at the TTRC facility were not affected. Titan carries both casualty and property insurance for its facilities and equipment, as well as business interruption insurance, and is reviewing the extent and scope of this coverage with its insurance carriers. The Company has insufficient information to determine if a contingent loss has occurred; therefore, no accrual was recorded.


23.
22. SUBSIDIARY GUARANTOR FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The senior secured notes are guaranteed by the following wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company: Titan Tire Corporation, Titan Tire Corporation of Bryan, Titan Tire Corporation of Freeport, and Titan Wheel Corporation of Illinois. The note guarantees are full and unconditional, joint and several obligations of the guarantors. The guarantees of the guarantor subsidiaries are subject to release in limited circumstances only upon the occurrence of certain customary conditions. See the indenture governing the senior secured notes incorporated by reference to the Company's most recent Form 10-K for additional information. The following condensed consolidating financial statements are presented using the equity method of accounting. Certain sales and marketing expenses recorded by non-guarantor subsidiaries have not been allocated to the guarantor subsidiaries.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)



(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net sales$
 $138,557
 $232,431
 $
 $370,988
$
 $166,757
 $262,147
 $
 $428,904
Cost of sales99
 122,129
 209,095
 
 331,323
138
 140,208
 230,246
 
 370,592
Gross profit (loss)(99) 16,428
 23,336
 
 39,665
Gross (loss) profit(138) 26,549
 31,901
 
 58,312
Selling, general and administrative expenses2,100
 12,594
 25,059
 
 39,753
1,678
 16,985
 18,036
 
 36,699
Research and development expenses
 972
 1,485
 
 2,457
253
 983
 1,518
 
 2,754
Royalty expense217
 1,435
 944
 
 2,596
628
 940
 1,066
 
 2,634
Income (loss) from operations(2,416) 1,427
 (4,152) 
 (5,141)
(Loss) income from operations(2,697) 7,641
 11,281
 
 16,225
Interest expense(7,231) 
 (306) 
 (7,537)(6,826) 
 (846) 
 (7,672)
Intercompany interest income (expense)606
 983
 (1,589) 
 
628
 909
 (1,537) 
 
Foreign exchange gain (loss)(2) 71
 746
 
 815
Foreign exchange loss
 (662) (2,948) 
 (3,610)
Other income (expense)968
 (33) 2,106
 
 3,041
959
 (147) 1,665
 
 2,477
Income (loss) before income taxes(8,075) 2,448
 (3,195) 
 (8,822)
Provision for income taxes889
 994
 513
 
 2,396
(Loss) income before income taxes(7,936) 7,741
 7,615
 
 7,420
(Benefit) provision for income taxes(2,390) 3,044
 1,029
 
 1,683
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries(2,252) 
 (2,306) 4,558
 
11,283
 
 209
 (11,492) 
Net income (loss)(11,216) 1,454
 (6,014) 4,558
 (11,218)5,737
 4,697
 6,795
 (11,492) 5,737
Net income noncontrolling interests
 
 800
 
 800
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 40
 
 40
Net income (loss) attributable to Titan$(11,216) $1,454
 $(6,814) $4,558
 $(12,018)$5,737
 $4,697
 $6,755
 $(11,492) $5,697


(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net sales$
 $114,743
 $191,452
 $
 $306,195
$
 $147,244
 $217,155
 $
 $364,399
Cost of sales87
 99,573
 171,615
 
 271,275
87
 129,743
 190,549
 
 320,379
Gross profit (loss)(87) 15,170
 19,837
 
 34,920
Gross (loss) profit(87) 17,501
 26,606
 
 44,020
Selling, general and administrative expenses2,556
 15,407
 18,385
 
 36,348
3,066
 14,043
 17,354
 
 34,463
Research and development expenses
 776
 1,821
 
 2,597

 950
 1,658
 
 2,608
Royalty expense125
 1,296
 864
 
 2,285
250
 1,410
 873
 
 2,533
Loss from operations(2,768) (2,309) (1,233) 
 (6,310)
(Loss) income from operations(3,403) 1,098
 6,721
 
 4,416
Interest expense(8,288) 
 (426) 
 (8,714)(7,234) 
 (86) 
 (7,320)
Intercompany interest income (expense)470
 
 (470) 
 
588
 1,947
 (2,535) 
 
Foreign exchange gain
 
 398
 


 398
Other income1,256
 62
 2,260
 
 3,578
Income (loss) before income taxes(9,330) (2,247) 529
 
 (11,048)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(1,935) (1,448) 1,309
 
 (2,074)
Foreign exchange loss
 (41) (5,216) 
 (5,257)
Other income (loss)931
 (317) 1,136
 
 1,750
(Loss) income before income taxes(9,118) 2,687
 20
 
 (6,411)
(Benefit) provision for income taxes(3,185) 1,321
 1,990
 
 126
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries(3,523) 
 (4,037) 7,560
 
(603) 
 (3,686) 4,289
 
Net income (loss)(10,918) (799) (4,817) 7,560
 (8,974)
Net loss noncontrolling interests
 
 (966) 
 (966)
Net income (loss) attributable to Titan$(10,918) $(799) $(3,851) $7,560
 $(8,008)
Net (loss) income(6,536) 1,366
 (5,656) 4,289
 (6,537)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 (244) 
 (244)
Net (loss) income attributable to Titan$(6,536) $1,366
 $(5,412) $4,289
 $(6,293)


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net sales$
 $429,636
 $663,252
 $
 $1,092,888
$
 $337,517
 $516,769
 $
 $854,286
Cost of sales256
 378,875
 590,801
 
 969,932
246
 281,738
 454,429
 
 736,413
Gross profit (loss)(256) 50,761
 72,451
 
 122,956
Gross (loss) profit(246) 55,779
 62,340
 
 117,873
Selling, general and administrative expenses10,038
 43,906
 61,609
 
 115,553
2,873
 32,260
 37,487
 
 72,620
Research and development expenses
 2,825
 5,083
 
 7,908
493
 1,969
 3,169
 
 5,631
Royalty expense883
 4,140
 2,716
 
 7,739
881
 2,453
 1,963
 
 5,297
Income (loss) from operations(11,177) (110) 3,043
 
 (8,244)
(Loss) income from operations(4,493) 19,097
 19,721
 
 34,325
Interest expense(21,909) 
 (669) 
 (22,578)(13,639) 
 (1,551) 
 (15,190)
Intercompany interest income (expense)1,775
 2,930
 (4,705) 
 
1,251
 1,922
 (3,173) 
 
Foreign exchange gain (loss)(2) 30
 20
 
 48
Foreign exchange loss
 (670) (7,372) 
 (8,042)
Other income (expense)3,179
 (203) 5,422
 
 8,398
6,628
 (313) 3,912
 
 10,227
Income (loss) before income taxes(28,134) 2,647
 3,111
 
 (22,376)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(620) 2,489
 4,095
 
 5,964
(Loss) income before income taxes(10,253) 20,036
 11,537
 
 21,320
(Benefit) provision for income taxes(12,456) 7,304
 6,049
 
 897
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries2,120
 
 (10,715) 8,595
 
18,220
 
 4,546
 (22,766) 
Net income (loss)(25,394) 158
 (11,699) 8,595
 (28,340)20,423
 12,732
 10,034
 (22,766) 20,423
Net income noncontrolling interests
 
 1,424
 
 1,424
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 (1,639) 
 (1,639)
Net income (loss) attributable to Titan$(25,394) $158
 $(13,123) $8,595
 $(29,764)$20,423
 $12,732
 $11,673
 $(22,766) $22,062



(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Operations
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net sales$
 $384,917
 $573,286
 $
 $958,203
$
 $291,080
 $430,820
 $
 $721,900
Cost of sales659
 334,044
 516,565
 
 851,268
156
 256,163
 381,360
 
 637,679
Gross profit (loss)(659) 50,873
 56,721
 
 106,935
Gross (loss) profit(156) 34,917
 49,460
 
 84,221
Selling, general and administrative expenses7,907
 47,879
 51,926
 
 107,712
7,938
 31,313
 36,550
 
 75,801
Research and development expenses
 2,221
 5,569
 
 7,790

 1,853
 3,598
 
 5,451
Royalty expense542
 3,573
 2,573
 
 6,688
667
 2,704
 1,771
 
 5,142
Loss from operations(9,108) (2,800) (3,347) 
 (15,255)
(Loss) income from operations(8,761) (953) 7,541
 
 (2,173)
Interest expense(24,382) 
 (826) 
 (25,208)(14,679) 
 (362) 
 (15,041)
Intercompany interest income (expense)1,122
 
 (1,122) 
 
1,169
 1,946
 (3,115) 
 
Foreign exchange gain
 202
 7,201
 


 7,403
Other income1,864
 220
 8,448
 
 10,532
Income (loss) before income taxes(30,504) (2,378) 10,354
 
 (22,528)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes(2,205) 417
 4,366
 
 2,578
Foreign exchange loss
 (41) (726) 
 (767)
Other income (expense)2,212
 (753) 2,968
 
 4,427
(Loss) income before income taxes(20,059) 199
 6,306
 
 (13,554)
(Benefit) provision for income taxes(1,510) 1,495
 3,583
 
 3,568
Equity in earnings of subsidiaries6,197
 
 (6,243) 46
 
4,372
 
 (8,409) 4,037
 
Net income (loss)(22,102) (2,795) (255) 46
 (25,106)
Net loss noncontrolling interests
 
 (1,099) 
 (1,099)
Net income (loss) attributable to Titan$(22,102) $(2,795) $844
 $46
 $(24,007)
Net (loss) income(14,177) (1,296) (5,686) 4,037
 (17,122)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
 624
 
 624
Net (loss) income attributable to Titan$(14,177) $(1,296) $(6,310) $4,037
 $(17,746)



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$5,737
 $4,697
 $6,795
 $(11,492) $5,737
Currency translation adjustment(38,338) 
 (38,338) 38,338
 (38,338)
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax690
 646
 44
 (690) 690
Comprehensive (loss) income(31,911) 5,343
 (31,499) 26,156
 (31,911)
Net comprehensive loss attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 (2,185) 
 (2,185)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Titan$(31,911) $5,343
 $(29,314) $26,156
 $(29,726)


(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
 
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net (loss) income$(6,536) $1,366
 $(5,656) $4,289
 $(6,537)
Currency translation adjustment8,006
 
 8,006
 (8,006) 8,006
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax989
 625
 364
 (989) 989
Comprehensive income (loss)2,459
 1,991
 2,714
 (4,706) 2,458
Net comprehensive loss attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 (1,562) 
 (1,562)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan$2,459
 $1,991
 $4,276
 $(4,706) $4,020



(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
 
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$20,423
 $12,732
 $10,034
 $(22,766) $20,423
Currency translation adjustment(30,276) 
 (30,276) 30,276
 (30,276)
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax1,573
 1,292
 281
 (1,573) 1,573
Comprehensive (loss) income(8,280) 14,024
 (19,961) 5,937
 (8,280)
Net comprehensive loss attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 (3,225) 
 (3,225)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Titan$(8,280) $14,024
 $(16,736) $5,937
 $(5,055)
          



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
 
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(11,216) $1,454
 $(6,014) $4,558
 $(11,218)
Currency translation adjustment14,015
 
 14,015
 (14,015) 14,015
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax180
 625
 (445) (180) 180
Comprehensive income (loss)2,979
 2,079
 7,556
 (9,637) 2,977
Net comprehensive income attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 1,436
 
 1,436
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan$2,979
 $2,079
 $6,120
 $(9,637) $1,541


(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(10,918) $(799) $(4,817) $7,560
 $(8,974)
Net (loss) income$(14,177) $(1,296) $(5,686) $4,037
 $(17,122)
Currency translation adjustment(386) 
 (386) 386
 (386)19,025
 
 (19,025) 19,025
 19,025
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax465
 734
 (269) (465) 465
1,722
 1,250
 472
 (1,722) 1,722
Comprehensive income (loss)(10,839) (65) (5,472) 7,481
 (8,895)6,570
 (46) (24,239) 21,340
 3,625
Net comprehensive loss attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 (679) 
 (679)
Net comprehensive income attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 1,221
 
 1,221
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan$(10,839) $(65) $(4,793) $7,481
 $(8,216)$6,570
 $(46) $(25,460) $21,340
 $2,404
         



(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
 
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(25,394) $158
 $(11,699) $8,595
 $(28,340)
Currency translation adjustment33,040
 
 33,040
 (33,040) 33,040
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax1,902
 1,875
 27
 (1,902) 1,902
Comprehensive income (loss)9,548
 2,033
 21,368
 (26,347) 6,602
Net comprehensive income attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 2,657
 
 2,657
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan$9,548
 $2,033
 $18,711
 $(26,347) $3,945
          



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Net income (loss)$(22,102) $(2,795) $(255) $46
 $(25,106)
Currency translation adjustment21,545
 
 (21,545) 21,545
 21,545
Pension liability adjustments, net of tax1,200
 2,202
 (1,002) (1,200) 1,200
Comprehensive income (loss)643
 (593) (22,802) 20,391
 (2,361)
Net comprehensive income attributable to redeemable and noncontrolling interests
 
 5,427
 
 5,427
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Titan$643
 $(593) $(28,229) $20,391
 $(7,788)
          



(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
September 30, 2017
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
June 30, 2018
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Assets                  
Cash and cash equivalents$77,903
 $10
 $77,762
 $
 $155,675
$34,694
 $5
 $71,792
 $
 $106,491
Accounts receivable, net
 65,141
 171,075
 
 236,216

 79,909
 202,491
 
 282,400
Inventories
 90,857
 240,521
 
 331,378

 112,238
 260,494
 
 372,732
Prepaid and other current assets6,652
 21,131
 34,849
 
 62,632
18,042
 19,948
 36,639
 
 74,629
Total current assets84,555
 177,139
 524,207
 
 785,901
52,736
 212,100
 571,416
 
 836,252
Property, plant and equipment, net2,771
 112,878
 324,429
 
 440,078
9,510
 103,374
 280,380
 
 393,264
Investment in subsidiaries772,243
 
 75,145
 (847,388) 
764,208
 
 78,920
 (843,128) 
Other assets19,155
 969
 83,807
 
 103,931
6,310
 958
 73,586
 
 80,854
Total assets$878,724
 $290,986
 $1,007,588
 $(847,388) $1,329,910
$832,764
 $316,432
 $1,004,302
 $(843,128) $1,310,370
Liabilities and Equity 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Short-term debt$
 $
 $36,174
 $
 $36,174
$
 $
 $52,358
 $
 $52,358
Accounts payable(973) 21,547
 163,756
 
 184,330
2,212
 30,349
 193,480
 
 226,041
Other current liabilities33,431
 31,579
 68,621
 
 133,631
30,169
 31,717
 67,171
 
 129,057
Total current liabilities32,458
 53,126
 268,551
 
 354,135
32,381
 62,066
 313,009
 
 407,456
Long-term debt396,594
 
 14,636
 
 411,230
394,696
 
 14,917
 
 409,613
Other long-term liabilities23,524
 16,516
 62,378
 
 102,418
9,087
 14,387
 54,323
 
 77,797
Intercompany accounts61,666
 (278,187) 216,521
 
 
81,949
 (275,567) 193,618
 
 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest
 
 111,016
 
 111,016

 
 117,546
 
 117,546
Titan shareholders' equity364,482
 499,531
 339,306
 (847,388) 355,931
314,651
 515,546
 318,001
 (843,128) 305,070
Noncontrolling interests
 
 (4,820) 
 (4,820)
 
 (7,112) 
 (7,112)
Total liabilities and equity$878,724
 $290,986
 $1,007,588
 $(847,388) $1,329,910
$832,764
 $316,432
 $1,004,302
 $(843,128) $1,310,370


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
December 31, 2016
Condensed Consolidating Balance Sheets
December 31, 2017
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Eliminations Consolidated
Assets                  
Cash and cash equivalents$86,190
 $9
 $61,628
 $
 $147,827
$59,740
 $13
 $83,817
 $
 $143,570
Certificates of deposit50,000
 
 
 
 50,000
Accounts receivable, net
 43,485
 135,899
 
 179,384

 54,009
 172,694
 
 226,703
Inventories
 76,823
 195,413
 
 272,236

 96,036
 243,800
 
 339,836
Prepaid and other current assets11,965
 21,901
 45,868
 
 79,734
17,789
 20,917
 34,378
 
 73,084
Total current assets148,155
 142,218
 438,808
 
 729,181
77,529
 170,975
 534,689
 
 783,193
Property, plant and equipment, net4,898
 124,049
 308,254
 
 437,201
2,466
 110,470
 308,312
 
 421,248
Investment in subsidiaries742,679
 
 87,385
 (830,064) 
766,777
 
 74,003
 (840,780) 
Other assets23,627
 1,118
 74,769
 
 99,514
6,389
 967
 78,315
 
 85,671
Total assets$919,359
 $267,385
 $909,216
 $(830,064) $1,265,896
$853,161
 $282,412
 $995,319
 $(840,780) $1,290,112
Liabilities and Equity 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
Short-term debt$60,148
 $
 $37,264
 $
 $97,412
$
 $
 $43,651
 $
 $43,651
Accounts payable4,187
 14,398
 129,670
 
 148,255
4,258
 20,787
 170,452
 
 195,497
Other current liabilities34,140
 34,475
 51,822
 
 120,437
38,495
 30,170
 65,109
 
 133,774
Total current liabilities98,475
 48,873
 218,756
 
 366,104
42,753
 50,957
 279,212
 
 372,922
Long-term debt395,852
 
 12,908
 
 408,760
394,284
 
 12,887
 
 407,171
Other long-term liabilities27,636
 18,473
 47,235
 
 93,344
11,544
 16,458
 58,740
 
 86,742
Intercompany accounts94,977
 (300,823) 205,846
 
 
75,103
 (286,525) 211,422
 
 
Redeemable noncontrolling interest
 
 104,809
 
 104,809

 
 113,193
 
 113,193
Titan shareholders' equity302,419
 500,862
 323,600
 (830,064) 296,817
329,477
 501,522
 330,710
 (840,780) 320,929
Noncontrolling interests
 
 (3,938) 
 (3,938)
 
 (10,845) 
 (10,845)
Total liabilities and equity$919,359
 $267,385
 $909,216
 $(830,064) $1,265,896
$853,161
 $282,412
 $995,319
 $(840,780) $1,290,112






TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidated
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities$(53,211) $4,107
 $33,892
 $(15,212)
Net cash (used for) provided by operating activities$(24,585) $3,265
 $(8,607) $(29,927)
Cash flows from investing activities: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Capital expenditures(815) (4,472) (18,293) (23,580)(83) (3,274) (15,059) (18,416)
Certificates of deposit50,000
 
 
 50,000
Other, net
 366
 927
 1,293
220
 1
 663
 884
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities49,185
 (4,106) (17,366) 27,713
137
 (3,273) (14,396) (17,532)
Cash flows from financing activities: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Proceeds from borrowings
 
 33,540
 33,540

 
 40,078
 40,078
Payment on debt(3,393) 
 (37,610) (41,003)
 
 (24,527) (24,527)
Dividends paid(868) 
 
 (868)(598) 
 
 (598)
Net cash used for financing activities(4,261) 
 (4,070) (8,331)
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities(598) 
 15,551
 14,953
Effect of exchange rate change on cash
 
 3,678
 3,678

 
 (4,573) (4,573)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(8,287) 1
 16,134
 7,848
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(25,046) (8) (12,025) (37,079)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period86,190
 9
 61,628
 147,827
59,740
 13
 83,817
 143,570
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$77,903
 $10
 $77,762
 $155,675
$34,694
 $5
 $71,792
 $106,491
 

(Amounts in thousands)
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Condensed Consolidating Statements of Cash Flows
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidated
Titan
 Intl., Inc. (Parent)
 Guarantor Subsidiaries Non-Guarantor Subsidiaries Consolidated
Net cash provided by operating activities$4,154
 $5,553
 $44,277
 $53,984
Net cash (used for) provided by operating activities$(43,700) $2,191
 $10,956
 $(30,553)
Cash flows from investing activities: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Capital expenditures(657) (5,616) (24,573) (30,846)(716) (2,534) (11,902) (15,152)
Certificates of deposit40,000
 
 
 40,000
Other, net
 73
 1,614
 1,687

 344
 694
 1,038
Net cash used for investing activities(657) (5,543) (22,959) (29,159)
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities39,284
 (2,190) (11,208) 25,886
Cash flows from financing activities: 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
Proceeds from borrowings
 
 2,390
 2,390

 
 27,742
 27,742
Payment on debt
 
 (14,042) (14,042)(3,393) 
 (25,684) (29,077)
Dividends paid(810) 
 
 (810)(570) 
 
 (570)
Net cash used for financing activities(810)


(11,652)
(12,462)
Net cash (used for) provided by financing activities(3,963)


2,058

(1,905)
Effect of exchange rate change on cash
 
 2,958
 2,958

 
 1,981
 1,981
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents2,687
 10
 12,624
 15,321
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(8,379) 1
 3,787
 (4,591)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period142,401
 4
 57,783
 200,188
86,190
 9
 61,628
 147,827
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$145,088
 $14
 $70,407
 $215,509
$77,811
 $10
 $65,415
 $143,236


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations (MD&A) is designed to provide a reader of the financial statements included in this quarterly report with a narrative from the perspective of the management of Titan International, Inc. (Titan or the Company) on Titan's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and other factors which may affect the Company's future results. The MD&A in this quarterly report should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and other financial information included elsewhere in this quarterly report and the MD&A and audited consolidated financial statements and related notes in Titan's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2017.February 23, 2018.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements, which are covered by the "Safe Harbor for Forward-Looking Statements" provided by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Readers can identify these statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. The Company tried to identify forward-looking statements in this report by using words such as “anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” and “believes,” and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “should,” “would,” “may,” and “could.” These forward-looking statements include, among other items:
The Company's financial performance;
Anticipated trends in the Company’s business;
Expectations with respect to the end-user markets into which the Company sells its products (including agricultural equipment, earthmoving/construction equipment, and consumer products);
Future expenditures for capital projects;
The Company’s ability to continue to control costs and maintain quality;
AbilityThe Company's ability to meet conditions of loan agreements;
The Company’s business strategies, including its intention to introduce new products;
Expectations concerning the performance and success of the Company’s existing and new products; and
The Company’s intention to consider and pursue acquisition and divestiture opportunities.
Readers of this Form 10-Q should understand that these forward-looking statements are based on the Company’s current expectations and assumptions about future events and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict, including, but not limited to, the factors discussed in Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company's most recent annual report on Form 10-K, certain of which are beyond the Company’s control.

Actual results could differ materially from these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including:
The effect of a recession on the Company and its customers and suppliers;
Changes in the Company’s end-user markets into which the Company sells its products as a result of world economic or regulatory influences or otherwise;
Changes in the marketplace, including new products and pricing changes by the Company’s competitors;
Ability to maintain satisfactory labor relations;
Unfavorable outcomes of legal proceedings;
The Company's ability to comply with current or future regulations applicable to the Company's business and the industry in which it competes or any actions taken or orders issued by regulatory authorities;
Availability and price of raw materials;
Levels of operating efficiencies;
The effects of the Company's indebtedness and its compliance with the terms thereof;
Changes in the interest rate environment and their effects on the Company's outstanding indebtedness;


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Unfavorable product liability and warranty claims;
Actions of domestic and foreign governments;governments, including the imposition of additional tariffs;
Geopolitical and economic uncertainties relating to the countries in which the Company operates or does business;
Risks associated with acquisitions, including difficulty in integrating operations and personnel, disruption of ongoing business, and increased expenses:expenses;
Results of investments;
The effects of previously announcedpotential processes to explore various strategic transactions, including potential dispositions;
Fluctuations in currency translations;
Climate change and related laws and regulations;
Risks associated with environmental laws and regulations;
Risks relating to our manufacturing facilities, including that any of our material facilities may become inoperable,inoperable; and
Risks related to financial reporting, internal controls, tax accounting, and information systems.
Any changes in such factors could lead to significantly different results.  Any assumptions that are inaccurate or do not prove to be correct could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s ability to achieve the results as indicated in the forward-looking statements.  Forward-looking statements included in this report speak only as of the date of this report. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.  In light of these risks and uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the forward-looking information and assumptions contained in this report will in fact transpire. The reader should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements included in this report or that may be made elsewhere from time to time by the Company, or on its behalf. All forward-looking statements attributable to Titan are expressly qualified by these cautionary statements.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
There were no material changes in the Company’s Critical Accounting Estimates since the filing of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017. As discussed in the 2017 Form 10-K, the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates and assumptions.  Also see Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies in Part I, Item 1, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-Q for a discussion of the Company’s updated accounting policies, including with respect to revenue recognition.

OVERVIEW
Titan International, Inc. and, together with its subsidiaries, are leading manufacturers of wheels, tires,is a global wheel, and tire, assemblies, and undercarriage systemsindustrial manufacturer and components for off-highway vehicles usedsupplier that services customers across its target markets. As a leading manufacturer in the agricultural, earthmoving/construction, and consumer segments.off-highway industry, Titan manufactures both wheels and tires for the majority of these market applications, allowing the Company to provide the value-added service of delivering complete wheel and tire assemblies.  The Company offersproduces a broad range of products that are manufactured in relatively short production runs to meet the specifications of original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and/orand aftermarket customers in the requirementsagricultural, earthmoving/construction, and consumer markets. As a manufacturer of aftermarket customers.both wheels and tires, the Company is uniquely positioned to offer customers added value through complete wheel and tire assemblies.
 
Agricultural Segment: Titan's agricultural rims, wheels, tires, and undercarriage systems and components are manufactured for use on various agricultural equipment, including tractors, combines, skidders, plows, planters, and irrigation equipment, and are sold directly to OEMs and to the aftermarket through independent distributors, equipment dealers, and Titan's own distribution centers.
 
Earthmoving/Construction Segment: The Company manufactures rims, wheels, tires, and undercarriage systems and components for various types of off-the-road (OTR) earthmoving, mining, military, construction, and forestry equipment, including skid steers, aerial lifts, cranes, graders and levelers, scrapers, self-propelled shovel loaders, articulated dump trucks, load transporters, haul trucks, backhoe loaders, crawler tractors, lattice cranes, shovels, and hydraulic excavators.
 
Consumer Segment: Titan manufactures bias truck tires in Latin America and light truck tires in Russia. Titan also offers select products for ATVs, turf, and golf cart applications.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 
The Company’s major OEM customers include large manufacturers of off-highway equipment such as AGCO Corporation, Caterpillar Inc., CNH Global N.V., Deere & Company, Hitachi, Ltd., Kubota Corporation, Liebherr, and Volvo, in addition to many other off-highway equipment manufacturers.  The Company distributes products to OEMs, independent and OEM-affiliated dealers, and through a network of distribution facilities.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The table below provides highlights for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, compared to the same respective periods of 2016in 2017 (amounts in thousands, except earnings per share):
Three months ended Nine months endedThree months ended Six months ended
September 30, September 30,June 30, June 30,
2017 2016 % Increase (Decrease) 2017 2016 % Increase (Decrease)2018 2017 % Increase 2018 2017 % Increase
Net sales$370,988
 $306,195
 21 % $1,092,888
 $958,203
 14 %$428,904
 $364,399
 17.7% $854,286
 $721,900
 18.3%
Cost of sales370,592
 320,379
 15.7% 736,413
 637,679
 15.5%
Gross profit39,665
 34,920
 14 % 122,956
 106,935
 15 %58,312
 44,020
 32.5% 117,873
 84,221
 40.0%
Loss from operations(5,141) (6,310) 19 % (8,244) (15,255) 46 %
Net loss(11,218) (8,974) (25)% (28,340) (25,106) (13)%
Gross profit as percentage of sales13.6% 12.1%   13.8% 11.7%  
Income (loss) from operations16,225
 4,416
 267.4% 34,325
 (2,173) 1,679.6%
Net income (loss)5,737
 (6,537) 187.8% 20,423
 (17,122) 219.3%
Basic earnings per share(0.22) (0.17) (29)% (0.57) (0.60) 5 %0.02
 (0.17) 111.8% 0.25
 (0.35) 171.4%

The Company recorded net
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net Sales
Net sales of $371.0 million for the thirdquarter ended June 30, 2018, were $428.9 million, compared to $364.4 million in the comparable quarter of 2017, which were 21% higher than third quarter 2016 net sales of $306.2 million, primarily as a result of an increase of 17.7% due to increases across all segments, particularly the earthmoving/construction segment, which reflected general improvements in sales volume in all segments.most geographies. Overall net sales volume was up 14%16.1% over the comparable prior year quarter. Favorable changes in price/mix positively impacted net sales by 2.1%, while unfavorable currency translation negatively impacted net sales by 0.6%, particularly in Latin America.

Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2018, were $854.3 million, compared to $721.9 million in the comparable period of 2017, an increase of 18.3%. Overall net sales volume increased 13.8% over the comparable period of 2017, with higher volume across all segments, and all geographies.particularly in the earthmoving/construction segment. Favorable changes in price/mix increased net sales by 5% and favorable currency translations contributed another 2%a 3.1% increase to net sales.

The Company's gross profit was $39.7 million, or 10.7% of net sales for the third quarter of 2017, compared to $34.9 million, or 11.4% of net sales, in the comparable period of 2016. The decrease in gross profit as a percent of sales was a result of pricing initiatives to selectively grow market share, primarily in the agricultural segment. Loss from operations was $5.1 million for the third quarter of 2017, compared to loss of $6.3 million in the comparable quarter of 2016. Net loss was $11.2 million for the third quarter of 2017, compared to loss of $9.0 million in the comparable quarter of 2016. Basic earnings per share was $(0.22) in the third quarter of 2017, compared to $(0.17) in the comparable quarter of 2016.

The Company recorded net sales of $1,092.9 million for the first nine months of 2017, which were 14% higher than the 2016 comparable period net sales of $958.2 million, primarily as a result of an increase in sales volume. Overall sales volume was up 10% driven by higher volumes in the agricultural and earthmoving/construction segments. Favorablefavorable currency translation increased net sales by 3% and a favorable change in price/mix added an additional 1% to net sales.1.5%.

Cost of Sales and Gross Profit
Cost of sales was $370.6 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, compared to $320.4 million for the comparable quarter in 2017. Gross profit for the second quarter of 2018 was $58.3 million, or 13.6% of net sales, compared to $44.0 million, or 12.1% of net sales, for the second quarter of 2017. The Company'sincrease in gross profit was $123.0driven by increased sales volume partially offset by higher material costs, especially steel. The increase in gross profit margin is primarily the result of production efficiencies driven by increased volume.

Cost of sales was $736.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $637.7 million for the comparable period in 2017. Gross profit for the first six months of 2018 was $117.9 million, or 11.3%13.8% of net sales, compared to $84.2 million, or 11.7% of net sales, for the first ninesix months of 2017, compared to $106.9 million, or 11.2% of net sales,2017. The increase in gross profit was driven by the comparable period of 2016. Loss from operations was $8.2 million forsame factors impacting the first nine months of 2017, compared to loss of $15.3 million in the comparable period of 2016. Net loss was $28.3 million for the first nine months of 2017, compared to loss of $25.1 million in 2016. Basic earnings per share was $(0.57) in the first nine months of 2017, compared to $(0.60) in 2016.


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
Preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in compliance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the application of technical accounting rules and guidance, as well as the use of estimates.  The Company’s application of such rules and guidance involves assumptions that require difficult subjective judgments regarding many factors, which, in and of themselves, could materially impact the financial statements and disclosures.  A future change in the estimates, assumptions, or judgments applied in determining the following matters, among others, could have a material impact on future financial statements and disclosures.
Asset and Business Acquisitions
The allocation of purchase price for asset and business acquisitions requires management estimates and judgment as to expectations for future cash flows of the acquired assets and business and the allocation of those cash flows to identifiable intangible assets in determining the estimated fair value for purchase price allocations. If the actual results differ from the estimates and judgments used in determining the purchase price allocations, impairment losses could occur. To aid in establishing the value of any intangible assets at the time of acquisition, the Company typically engages a professional appraisal firm.second quarter results.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Inventories
Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Net realizable value is estimated based on current selling prices. Inventory costs are calculated using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method or average cost method. Estimated provisions are established for slow-moving and obsolete inventory.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company reviews fixed assets to assess recoverability from future operations whenever events and circumstances indicate that the carrying values may not be recoverable. Circumstances that could result in an impairment review include, but are not limited to, a current period cash flow loss combined with a history of cash flow losses, current cash flows that may be insufficient to recover the investment in the property over the remaining useful life, or a projection that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset, significant changes in the manner of use of the assets, or significant changes in business strategies. Impairment losses are recognized in operating results when expected undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset. Impairment losses are measured as the excess of the carrying value of the asset over the discounted expected future cash flows or the estimated fair value of the asset.

Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the respective tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates that are expected to apply in the years the temporary differences are expected to be settled or realized. A valuation allowance is recorded for the portion of the deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. Management’s judgment is required to determine the provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities, and valuation allowances against deferred tax assets.

Retirement Benefit Obligations
Pension benefit obligations are based on various assumptions used by third-party actuaries in calculating these amounts. These assumptions include discount rates, expected return on plan assets, mortality rates, and other factors. Revisions in assumptions and actual results that differ from the assumptions affect future expenses, cash funding requirements, and obligations. The Company has three frozen defined benefit pension plans in the United States and pension plans in several foreign countries. During the first nine months of 2017, the Company contributed cash funds of $2.1 million to its pension plans. Titan expects to contribute approximately $1.2 million to these pension plans during the fourth quarter of 2017. For more information concerning these costs and obligations, see the discussion of “Pensions” in Item 7 and Note 23 to the Company's financial statements included in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.
Product Warranties
The Company provides limited warranties on workmanship on its products in all market segments. The majority of the Company's products are subject to a limited warranty that ranges between less than one year and ten years, with certain product warranties being prorated after the first year. Actual warranty experience may differ from historical experience. The Company calculates an estimated warranty liability based on past warranty experience and the sales of products subject to that experience. The Company records warranty expense based on warranty payments made during the applicable period and changes to the estimated warranty liability. The Company's warranty accrual was $17.6 million at September 30, 2017, and $17.9 million at December 31, 2016.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Highlights for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to 2016 (amounts in thousands):
 Three months ended Nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017
2016% Increase 2017 2016% Increase
Net sales$370,988
 $306,195
21% $1,092,888
 $958,203
14%
Cost of sales331,323
 271,275
22% 969,932
 851,268
14%
Gross profit$39,665
 $34,920
14% $122,956
 $106,935
15%
Gross profit as percentage of net sales10.7% 11.4%  11.3% 11.2% 
Net Sales
Net sales for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, were $371.0 million, compared to $306.2 million in the comparable quarter of 2016, an increase of 21%, primarily as a result of an increase in sales volume in all segments. Overall sales volume was up 14% with higher volume across all segments and all geographies. Favorable changes in price/mix increased net sales by 5% and favorable currency translations contributed another 2% increase to net sales.

Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, were $1,092.9 million, compared to $958.2 million in the comparable period of 2016, an increase of 14%, primarily as a result of an increase in sales volume. Overall sales volume was up 10% driven by higher volumes in the agriculture and earthmoving/construction segments. Favorable currency translation increased net sales by 3% and a favorable change in price/mix added an additional 1% to net sales.

Cost of Sales and Gross Profit
Cost of sales was $331.3 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, compared to $271.3 million for the comparable quarter in 2016. Gross profit for the third quarter of 2017 was $39.7 million, or 10.7% of net sales, compared to $34.9 million, or 11.4% of net sales, for the third quarter of 2016.

Cost of sales was $969.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $851.3 million for the comparable period in 2016. Gross profit for the first nine months of 2017 was $123.0 million, or 11.3% of net sales, compared to $106.9 million, or 11.2% of net sales, for the comparable period of 2016. The increase in gross profit was primarily related to continuous improvement from the implementation of initiatives that focus on lowering costs and increasing efficiencies.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses for the thirdsecond quarter of 20172018 were $39.8$36.7 million, or 10.7%8.6% of net sales, compared to $36.3$34.5 million, or 11.9%9.5% of net sales, for the thirdsecond quarter of 2016.  After adjusting for2017.  The increase in SG&A primarily related to information technology spending and related consultancy expenses in the accrued contingent liability of $6.5 million for a legal judgment (see Note 17 to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements), SG&A for the thirdsecond quarter of 2017 would have been 9.0%2018 that were not present in the comparable period of net sales.the prior year.

SG&A expenses for the first ninesix months of 20172018 were $115.6$72.6 million, or 10.6%8.5% of net sales, compared to $107.7$75.8 million, or 11.2%10.5% of net sales, for the first ninesix months of 2016.2017. The increasedecrease in SG&A expenses was primarily due to the cost associated with non-recurringresulted from lower legal and professionalnon-recurring fees inas compared to 2017, offset partially by information technology spending during the first quarter of 2017 and the aforementioned contingent liability accrual in the third quarter of 2017.six months ended June 30, 2018.

Research and Development Expenses
Research and development (R&D) expenses for the thirdsecond quarter of 20172018 were $2.5$2.8 million, or 0.6% of net sales, compared to $2.6 million, or 0.7% of net sales, for the second quarter of 2017. R&D expenses for the first six months of 2018 were $5.6 million, or 0.7% of net sales, compared to $2.6 million, or 0.8% of net sales, for the third quarter of 2016.

R&D expenses for the first nine months of 2017 were $7.9 million, or 0.7% of net sales, compared to $7.8$5.5 million, or 0.8% of net sales, for the first ninesix months of 2016.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion2017. The R&D spending reflects initiatives to improve product designs and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
an ongoing focus on quality.

Royalty Expense
The Company has trademark license agreements with The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company to manufacture and sell certain farm tires under the Goodyear name. These agreements cover sales in North America, Latin America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Russia, and other Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Royalties attributable to salesEach of farm tiresthese agreements expire in North America and Latin America were prepaid through March 2018 as a part of the 2011 Goodyear Latin American farm tire acquisition.2025. The Company also has a trademark license agreement with Goodyear to manufacture and sell certain non-farm tire products in Latin America.

Royalty expenses for the thirdsecond quarter of 20172018 were $2.6 million, or 0.7%0.6% of net sales, compared to $2.3$2.5 million, or 0.7% of net sales, for the thirdsecond quarter of 2016.

2017. Royalty expenses for the first ninesix months of 20172018 were $7.7$5.3 million, or 0.7%0.6% of net sales, compared to $6.7$5.1 million, or 0.7% of net sales, for the first ninesix months of 2016.2017. The increase was driven by higher international sales subject to royalty.increased royalty expenses are the result of increased volume.

LossIncome (Loss) from Operations
LossIncome from operations for the thirdsecond quarter of 20172018 was $5.1$16.2 million, compared to $6.3$4.4 million for the thirdsecond quarter of 2016.  This change was the net result of the items previously discussed.

Loss2017.  Income from operations for the first ninesix months of 20172018 was $8.2$34.3 million, compared to $15.3loss from operations of $2.2 million forin the first ninesix months of 2016.  This change was the net result of the items previously discussed.2017.

Interest Expense
Interest expense was $7.5$7.7 million and $8.7$7.3 million for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. Interest expense was $15.2 million and 2016, respectively.$15.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The decreaseincrease in interest expense was primarily due to increased borrowings under international working capital facilities partially offset by the January 2017 conversion ofreduced interest rate on the Company's 5.625% convertible senior subordinated notes.

Interest expense was $22.6 million and $25.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The decrease in interest expense was primarily due to the January 2017 conversion of the Company's 5.625% convertible senior subordinated notes.secured notes, which were refinanced on November 20, 2017.

Foreign Exchange GainLoss
Foreign exchange gainloss was $3.6 million for the second quarter of 2018, compared to loss of $5.3 million for the second quarter of 2017. Foreign exchange loss was $8.0 million for the first six months of 2018, compared to loss of $0.8 million for the third quarter of 2017, compared to gain of $0.4 million for the third quarter of 2016.

Foreign exchange gain was $0.0 million for the first ninesix months of 2017, compared to gain2017. The foreign currency loss in the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, primarily reflects the devaluation of $7.4 million for the first nine months of 2016.Latin American currencies.

Other Income
Other income was $3.0$2.5 million for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $3.6$1.8 million in the comparable quarter of 2016.2017.  For the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company recorded equity investment income of $1.4 million, interest income of $0.9 million, rental income of $0.6$1.1 million, a gain related to investments for deferred compensation of $0.6 million, interest income of $0.5 million, and loss on salerental income of assets of $0.5$0.4 million. For the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, the Company recorded interest income of $0.9 million, equity investment income of $0.8 million, rental income of $0.6 million, and a gain related to contractual obligation investments of $0.6 million.

Other income was $8.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $10.5 million in the comparable period of 2016.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recorded equity investment income of $2.7$0.5 million, interest income of $2.6 million,and a gain related to investments for deferred compensation of $1.8 million, and rental income of $1.8$0.5 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded equity investment income of $2.4 million, a gain on sale of assets of $2.3 million, interest income of $2.2 million and rental income of $1.5 million.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Other income was $10.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $4.4 million in the comparable period of 2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recorded equity investment income of $2.2 million, interest income of $1.1 million, rental income of $1.0 million, and a gain related to investments for deferred compensation of $0.7 million. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recorded interest income of $1.8 million, equity investment income of $1.4 million, a gain related to investments for deferred compensation of $1.3 million, and rental income of $1.2 million.

Provision for Income Taxes
The Company recorded income tax expense (benefit) of $2.4$1.7 million and $(2.1)$0.1 million for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, the Company recorded income tax expense of $6.0$0.9 million and $2.6$3.6 million, respectively. The Company's effective income tax rate was (27)%23% and 16%(2)% for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 2018 and 2017, and 2016,4% and (27)% and (13)(26)% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively.

The Company’s 2018 income tax expense and rate differed from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to pre-tax income primarily as a result of a reduction of the liability for unrecognized tax positions and U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions that incurred a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets created by current year projected losses. In addition, there were non-deductible royalty expenses and statutorily required income adjustments made in certain foreign jurisdictions that negatively impacted the tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2018.
The Company’s 2017 effective income tax rate iswas different from the U.S. Federal income tax rate mainly due to losses in the U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions where the Company could not record a tax benefit due to a valuation allowance. The increased negative effective tax rate is also due to non-deductible expenses and income adjustments in taxable jurisdictions that had the effect of increasing the tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.period. During the second quarter of 2017, the IRS income tax audit for tax years 2010 through 2014 was settled, which did not result in any material change to income tax expense.
The Company’s 2016 income tax expense and rate differed from the amount of income tax determined by applying the U.S. Federal income tax rate to pre-tax income primarily as a result of U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions that incurred a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets created by current year projected losses. In addition, the Company adjusted its net uncertain tax positions which resulted in a tax benefit of $2.5 million.

The Company continues to monitor the realization of its deferred tax assets and assess the need for a valuation allowance. This process requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that are uncertain in nature. The Company has established valuation allowances on U.S. and certain foreign jurisdictions and continues to monitor and assess potential valuation allowances in all its jurisdictions.

Net LossIncome (Loss) and Earnings per Share
Net lossincome for the thirdsecond quarter of 20172018 was $11.2$5.7 million, compared to $9.0net loss of $6.5 million in the comparable quarter of 2016.2017. For the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 and 2016,2017, basic and diluted earnings per share were $(.22)$0.02 and $(.17)$(0.17), respectively. Net income for the first six months of 2018 was $20.4 million, compared to net loss of $17.1 million in the comparable period of 2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, basic and diluted earnings per share were $0.25 and $(0.35), respectively. The Company's higher net lossincome and lower earnings per share were due to the items previously discussed.

Net lossAgricultural Segment Results
Agricultural segment results for the first nine months of 2017 was $28.3periods presented below were as follows (amounts in thousands):
 Three months ended Six months ended
 June 30, June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net sales$186,870
 $172,923
 $381,037
 $353,439
Gross profit27,270
 23,037

57,231
 44,916
Income from operations19,002
 14,224

40,323
 26,969

Net sales in the agricultural segment were $186.9 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $25.1$172.9 million for the comparable period in 2017, an increase of 8.1%. Higher sales volumes contributed 8.5% of the increase in net sales, reflecting more favorable market conditions. Favorable price/mix also contributed an additional 2.3% of such increase, offset by unfavorable currency translation, primarily from Latin America, which decreased net sales by 2.7%.

Gross profit in the agricultural segment was $27.3 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $23.0 million in the comparable quarter of 2017.  Increased net sales volume, primarily in North America, drove the overall increase in gross profit. Income from operations in the agricultural segment was $19.0 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $14.2 million for the comparable period of 2016. For the nine months ended September 30,in 2017, reflecting increased volume and 2016, basic and diluted earnings per share were $(.57) and $(.60), respectively. The Company's higher net loss and higher earnings per share were due to the items previously discussed.improved gross margins from improved production efficiencies.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Agricultural Segment Results
Agricultural segment results for the periods presented below were as follows (amounts in thousands):
 Three months ended��Nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017 2016% Increase 2017 2016% Increase
Net sales$170,895
 $138,568
23% $524,335
 $438,108
20%
Gross profit18,930
 18,592
2% 63,542
 57,684
10%
Income from operations10,056
 9,891
2% 36,721
 32,718
12%

Net sales in the agricultural marketsegment were $170.9$381.0 million for the quartersix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $138.6$353.4 million for the comparable period in 2016,2017, an increase of 23%7.8%. Higher agricultural sales volumes contributed 16%5.9% of the increase in net sales, withwhile favorable price/mix increasingincreased net sales by 6% and favorable2.7%. Unfavorable currency translation contributing an additional 1%decreased net sales by 0.8%.

Gross profit in the agricultural marketsegment was $18.9$57.2 million for the quartersix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $18.6$44.9 million in the comparable quarterperiod of 2016.  The decrease2017. Increased net sales volume, primarily in North America, drove the overall increase in gross profit as a percent of sales was a result of pricing initiatives to selectively grow market share.profit. Income from operations in the agricultural marketsegment was $10.1$40.3 million for the quartersix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $9.9 million in 2016.

Net sales in the agricultural market were $524.3$27.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $438.1 million in 2016, an increase of 20%. Higher agriculture sales volumes contributed 14% of the increase in net sales, while favorable currency translation and price/mix each contributed an additional 3% of the increase.
Gross profit in the agricultural market was $63.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $57.7 million in the comparable period of 2016.  Income from operations in the agricultural market was $36.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $32.7 million in 2016. The Company's gross profit in the agricultural segment was negatively affected by increased raw material prices in the first and second quarters of 2017.

Earthmoving/Construction Segment Results
Earthmoving/construction segment results for the periods presented below were as follows (amounts in thousands):
Three months ended Nine months endedThree months ended Six months ended
September 30, September 30,June 30, June 30,
2017 2016% Increase 2017 2016% Increase2018 2017 2018 2017
Net sales$156,442
 $128,917
21% $443,030
 $401,649
10%$198,963
 $150,970
 $387,696
 $286,589
Gross profit14,534
 11,553
26% 41,170
 36,354
13%24,260
 14,254

46,722
 27,152
Income from operations2,985
 807
270% 5,853
 4,060
44%11,575
 2,322

21,528
 3,384

The Company's earthmoving/construction marketsegment net sales were $156.4$199.0 million for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $128.9$151.0 million in 2016,the comparable quarter of 2017, an increase of 21%31.8%. The increase in earthmoving/construction sales was driven by increased volume which increased net sales by 14%26.6%, reflecting general market improvements and market penetration, particularly in Europe, and favorable price/mixcurrency translation, which increased net sales by an additional 5%3.0%. Favorable currency translationprice/mix contributed an additional 2%2.2% to net sales.
 
Gross profit in the earthmoving/construction marketsegment was $14.5$24.3 million for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $11.6$14.3 million in 2016.the comparable quarter of 2017. The Company's earthmoving/construction marketsegment income from operations was $3.0$11.6 million for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $0.8$2.3 million in for the comparable quarter of 2017. The increase in 2016.gross profit was driven by increases in net sales, along with production efficiencies related to improved capacity utilization.

The Company's earthmoving/construction marketsegment net sales were $443.0$387.7 million for the ninesix months ended September June 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $401.6$286.6 million in 2016,the comparable quarter of 2017, an increase of 10%35.3%. The increasedChange in earthmoving/construction sales were primarilywas driven by an increase inhigher sales volume withwhich increased net sales by 26.9%, reflecting favorable market factors and increased market penetration. Favorable currency translation increased net sales by 5.2% and price/mix and currency remaining flat.further increased net sales by 3.2%.

Gross profit in the earthmoving/construction marketsegment was $41.2$46.7 million for the ninesix months ended September June 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $36.4$27.2 million for the comparable period in 2016.2017. The Company's earthmoving/construction marketsegment income from operations was $5.9$21.5 million for the ninesix months ended September June 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $4.1$3.4 million for the comparable period in 2016.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
2017. The increase in gross profit was driven by increases in net sales coupled with production efficiencies related to improved capacity utilization.

Consumer Segment Results
Consumer segment results for the periods presented below were as follows (amounts in thousands):
 Three months ended Nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017 2016% Increase 2017 2016% Increase
Net sales$43,651
 $38,710
13%
$125,523
 $118,446
6%
Gross profit6,201
 4,775
30%
18,244
 12,897
41%
Income from operations3,060
 1,331
130%
8,001
 2,072
286%

Consumer market net sales were $43.7 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $38.7 million in the comparable quarter of 2016, an increase of approximately 13%.

Gross profit from the consumer market was $6.2 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $4.8 million for the comparable quarter of 2016. Consumer market income from operations was $3.1 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $1.3 million in 2016.

Consumer market net sales were $125.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $118.4 million in the comparable period of 2016, an increase of approximately 6%.

Gross profit from the consumer market was $18.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $12.9 million for the comparable period of 2016. Consumer market income from operations was $8.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $2.1 million in 2016.

Consumer segment sales for the quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2017, were up primarily due to higher sales of other products as well as higher prices passed through to end customers as a result of higher raw material costs. Margins improved overall due to both geographic and product mix.
 Three months ended Six months ended
 June 30, June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net sales$43,071
 $40,506
 $85,553
 $81,872
Gross profit6,782
 6,729

13,920
 12,153
Income from operations3,651
 3,536

7,598
 5,051



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Consumer segment net sales were $43.1 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $40.5 million in the comparable quarter of 2017, an increase of approximately 6.3%. This increase was primarily driven by higher sales volumes contributing 9.9%, while favorable changes in price/mix contributed an additional 1.0% increase to net sales. Unfavorable currency translation decreased net sales by 4.6%, reflecting currency devaluation in Latin America.

Gross profit from the consumer segment was $6.8 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $6.7 million for the comparable quarter of 2017. Consumer segment income from operations was $3.7 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $3.5 million for the comparable quarter of 2017.

Consumer segment net sales were $85.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $81.9 million in the comparable period of 2017, an increase of approximately 4.5%. This increase was primarily due to favorable price/mix which increased net sales by 4.3%. Increased volume contributed another 1.8% increase, while unfavorable currency translation decreased net sales by 1.6%. These positive impacts on net sales reflect favorable market improvements and penetration, offset partially by currency devaluation in Latin America.

Gross profit from the consumer segment was $13.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $12.2 million for the comparable period of 2017. Consumer segment income from operations was $7.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $5.1 million for the comparable period in 2017.

Segment Summary (amounts in thousands)
Three months ended
September 30, 2017
 Agricultural 
Earthmoving/
Construction
 Consumer 
Corporate/ Unallocated
 Expenses
 
Consolidated
 Totals
Three months ended
June 30, 2018
 Agricultural 
Earthmoving/
Construction
 Consumer 
Corporate/ Unallocated
 Expenses
 
Consolidated
 Totals
Net sales $170,895
 $156,442
 $43,651
 $
 $370,988
 $186,870
 $198,963
 $43,071
 $
 $428,904
Gross profit 18,930
 14,534
 6,201
 
 39,665
 27,270
 24,260
 6,782
 
 58,312
Income (loss) from operations 10,056
 2,985
 3,060
 (21,242) (5,141) 19,002
 11,575
 3,651
 (18,003) 16,225
Three months ended
September 30, 2016
  
  
  
  
  
Three months ended
June 30, 2017
  
  
  
  
  
Net sales $138,568
 $128,917
 $38,710
 $
 $306,195
 $172,923
 $150,970
 $40,506
 $
 $364,399
Gross profit 18,592
 11,553
 4,775
 
 34,920
 23,037
 14,254
 6,729
 
 44,020
Income (loss) from operations 9,891
 807
 1,331
 (18,339) (6,310) 14,224
 2,322
 3,536
 (15,666) 4,416

Nine months ended
September 30, 2017
 Agricultural 
Earthmoving/
Construction
 Consumer 
Corporate/ Unallocated
 Expenses
 
Consolidated
 Totals
Six months ended
June 30, 2018
 Agricultural 
Earthmoving/
Construction
 Consumer 
Corporate/ Unallocated
 Expenses
 
Consolidated
 Totals
Net sales $524,335
 $443,030
 $125,523
 $
 $1,092,888
 $381,037
 $387,696
 $85,553
 $
 $854,286
Gross profit 63,542
 41,170
 18,244
 
 122,956
 57,231
 46,722
 13,920
 
 117,873
Income (loss) from operations 36,721
 5,853
 8,001
 (58,819) (8,244) 40,323
 21,528
 7,598
 (35,124) 34,325
Nine months ended
September 30, 2016
  
  
  
  
  
Six months ended
June 30, 2017
  
  
  
  
  
Net sales $438,108
 $401,649
 $118,446
 $
 $958,203
 $353,439
 $286,589
 $81,872
 $
 $721,900
Gross profit 57,684
 36,354
 12,897
 
 106,935
 44,916
 27,152
 12,153
 
 84,221
Income (loss) from operations 32,718
 4,060
 2,072
 (54,105) (15,255) 26,969
 3,384
 5,051
 (37,577) (2,173)
          

Corporate & Unallocated Expenses
Income from operations on a segment basis does not include corporate expenses totaling $21.2$18.0 million for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, as compared to $18.3$15.7 million for the comparable quarter of 2016. Corporate2017. The increase in corporate expenses was primarily driven by increased information technology costs related to company-wide initiatives that were composed of selling and marketing expenses of approximately $6 million and $7 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively; and administrative expenses of approximately $15 million and $11 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Administrative expensesnot present in the thirdsecond quarter of 2017 included a non-cash accrual of $6.5 million relating to a court order. See Note 17 to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

Income from operations on a segment basis does not include corporate expenses totaling $58.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, as compared to $54.1 million for the comparable period of 2016. Corporate expenses were composed of selling and marketing expenses of approximately $21 million and $22 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively; and administrative expenses of approximately $38 million and $32 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase is due to non-recurring legal and professional fees in the first quarter of 2017 and a contingent liability accrual in the third quarter of 2017.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Income from operations on a segment basis does not include corporate expenses totaling $35.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, as compared to $37.6 million for the comparable period of 2017. The decrease in corporate expenses were primarily the result of lower legal and non-recurring fees in the prior year, partially offset by increased information technology costs in 2018.

MARKET RISK SENSITIVE INSTRUMENTS
The Company's risks related to foreign currencies, commodity prices, and interest rates at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, were consistent with those for 2016.at December 31, 2017. For more information, see the “Market Risk Sensitive Instruments” discussion in the Company's Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2017.

PENSIONS
The Company has three frozen defined benefit pension plans covering certain employees or former employees of three U.S. subsidiaries. The Company also has pension plans covering certain employees of several foreign subsidiaries. These plans are described further in Note 23 of the Company'sPart I, Item 1, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.Statements: Note 11 - Employee Benefit Plans.

The Company's recorded liability for pensions is based on a number of assumptions, including discount rates, rates of return on investments, mortality rates, and other factors. Certain of these assumptions are determined by the Company with the assistance of outside actuaries. Assumptions are based on past experience and anticipated future trends. These assumptions are reviewed on a regular basis and revised when appropriate. Revisions in assumptions and actual results that differ from the assumptions affect future expenses, cash funding requirements, and the carrying value of the related obligations. Titan expects to contribute approximately $1.2$3.7 million to these pension plans during the fourth quarterremainder of 2017.2018.


LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash Flows
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company had $155.7$106.5 million of cash.
(Amounts in thousands)September 30, December 31,  June 30, December 31,  
2017 2016 Change2018 2017 Change
Cash$155,675
 $147,827
 $7,848
$106,491
 $143,570
 $(37,079)

The cash balance increaseddecreased by $7.8$37.1 million from December 31, 2016,2017, due to the following items:

Operating Cash Flows
Summary of cash flows from operating activities:
(Amounts in thousands)Nine months ended September 30,  Six months ended June 30,  
2017 2016 Change2018 2017 Change
Net loss$(28,340) $(25,106) $(3,234)
Net income (loss)$20,423
 $(17,122) $37,545
Depreciation and amortization44,029
 44,889
 (860)30,175
 29,486
 689
Deferred income tax provision(476) 172
 (648)287
 1,324
 (1,037)
Foreign currency translation loss1,061
 9,822
 (8,761)8,034
 2,467
 5,567
Accounts receivable(46,715) 2,788
 (49,503)(70,633) (34,879) (35,754)
Inventories(46,083) 4,805
 (50,888)(47,612) (43,722) (3,890)
Prepaid and other current assets20,046
 (12,314) 32,360
(4,555) 2,877
 (7,432)
Accounts payable26,372
 21,344
 5,028
39,550
 33,149
 6,401
Other current liabilities8,821
 11,315
 (2,494)(660) (4,922) 4,262
Other liabilities1,539
 (5,342) 6,881
(5,212) (4,057) (1,155)
Other operating activities4,534
 1,611
 2,923
276
 4,846
 (4,570)
Cash provided by (used for) operating activities$(15,212) $53,984
 $(69,196)
Cash used for operating activities$(29,927) $(30,553) $626



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In the first ninesix months of 2017,2018, operating activities used $15.2$29.9 million of cash, including decreases from accounts receivable of $46.7$70.6 million and inventories of $46.1$47.6 million, offset by increases from accounts payable of $26.4 million and prepaid and other current assets of $20.0$39.6 million. Included in the net lossincome of $28.3$20.4 million were noncashnon-cash charges for depreciation and amortization of $44.0$30.2 million and foreign currency translation loss of $1.1$8.0 million.

Operating cash flows decreased $69.2increased $0.6 million when comparing the first ninesix months of 20172018 to the first ninesix months of 2016.2017. The net lossincome in the first ninesix months of 20172018 increased $3.2$37.5 million from the loss in the first ninesix months of 2016.2017. When comparing the first ninesix months of 20172018 to the first ninesix months of 2016,2017, cash flows from operating activities decreased in inventories and accounts receivable by $50.9$3.9 million and $49.5$35.8 million, respectively, offset by an increases of $32.4 million in prepaid and other current assets.respectively.

Summary of the components of cash conversion cycle:
September 30, December 31, September 30,June 30, December 31, June 30,
2017 2016 20162018 2017 2017
Days sales outstanding58
 53
 55
60
 55
 55
Days inventory outstanding95
 95
 100
96
 98
 96
Days payable outstanding(53) (52) (54)(58) (56) (56)
Cash conversion cycle100
 96
 101
98
 97
 95

Investing Cash Flows
Summary of cash flows from investing activities:
(Amounts in thousands)Nine months ended September 30,  Six months ended June 30,  
2017 2016 Change2018 2017 Change
Capital expenditures$(23,580) $(30,846) $7,266
$(18,416) $(15,152) $(3,264)
Certificates of deposit50,000
 
 50,000

 40,000
 (40,000)
Other investing activities1,293
 1,687
 (394)884
 1,038
 (154)
Cash provided by (used for) investing activities$27,713
 $(29,159) $56,872
Cash (used for) provided by investing activities$(17,532) $25,886
 $(43,418)
 
Net cash used for investing activities was $17.5 million in the first six months of 2018, as compared to cash provided by investing activities was $27.7of $25.9 million in the first ninesix months of 2017. In the first six months of 2017, as compared to net cash used for investing activities of $29.2 million in the first nine months of 2016. The Company had cash provided by investing activities of $50.0$40.0 million from certificates of deposit that matured and were not reinvested in the first nine months of 2017.reinvested. The Company invested a total of $23.6$18.4 million in capital expenditures in the first ninesix months of 2017,2018, compared to $30.8$15.2 million in 2016.the first six months of 2017. The 20172018 and 20162017 expenditures represent various equipment purchases and improvements to enhance production capabilities of Titan's existing business and to maintain existing equipment.
 
Financing Cash Flows
Summary of cash flows from financing activities:
(Amounts in thousands)Nine months ended September 30,  Six months ended June 30,  
2017 2016 Change2018 2017 Change
Proceeds from borrowings$33,540
 $2,390
 $31,150
$40,078
 $27,742
 $12,336
Payment on debt(41,003) (14,042) (26,961)(24,527) (29,077) 4,550
Dividends paid(868) (810) (58)(598) (570) (28)
Cash used for financing activities$(8,331) $(12,462) $4,131
Cash provided by (used for) financing activities$14,953
 $(1,905) $16,858
 
In the first ninesix months of 2017, $8.32018, $15.0 million of cash was used forprovided by financing activities. This cash was primarily used forprovided through debt financing, activities, with debt payments of $41.0borrowing providing $40.1 million offset in part by borrowingspayments on debt of $33.5$24.5 million.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Debt Restrictions
The Company’s revolving credit facility (credit facility) containsand indenture relating to the 6.50% senior secured notes due 2023 contain various restrictions, including:
When remaining availability under the credit facility is less than 10% of the total commitment under the credit facility ($7.5 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017)2018), the Company is required to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of not less than 1.0 to 1.0 (calculated quarterly on a trailing four quarter basis);
Limits on dividends and repurchases of the Company’s stock;
Restrictions on the ability of the Company to make additional borrowings, or to consolidate, merge, or otherwise fundamentally change the ownership of the Company;
Limitations on investments, dispositions of assets, and guarantees of indebtedness; and
Other customary affirmative and negative covenants.
  
These restrictions could limit the Company’s ability to respond to market conditions, provide for unanticipated capital investments, raise additional debt or equity capital, pay dividends, or take advantage of business opportunities, including future acquisitions.

Liquidity Outlook
At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, the Company had $155.7$106.5 million of cash and cash equivalents. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, there were no outstanding borrowings on the Company's $75 million credit facility. Titan's availability under this credit facility may be less than $75 million as a result of outstanding letters of credit and eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances at certain domestic subsidiaries. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, an outstanding letter of credit under this credit facility totaled $12.5$12.3 million and the amount available under the facility totaled $62.5$62.7 million, based upon eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances. The cash and cash equivalents balance of $155.7$106.5 million included $73.8$65.1 million held in foreign countries. The Company does not believe that itsCompany's current plans do not demonstrate a need to repatriate the foreign amounts to fund U.S. operations; however, if foreign funds were needed for U.S. operations,operations. As a result of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the Company would be required to accrue and pay taxes tocan repatriate the funds. The Company does havecumulative undistributed foreign earnings back to the U.S. net operating losses that may be availablewhen needed with minimal additional taxes other than state income and foreign withholding tax. Titan expects to offset a portioncontribute approximately $3.7 million to its defined benefit pension plans during the remainder of the potential cash tax outlay from the repatriation of such foreign funds.2018.

CapitalTotal capital expenditures for the fourth quarter of 20172018 are estimatedforecasted to be approximately $10$35 million to $12$45 million.  Cash payments for interest are currently forecasted to be approximately $15$16 million for the fourth quarterlast six months of 20172018 based on SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, debt balances. The forecasted interest payments are comprised primarily of the semi-annual payment of $13.8approximately $13 million (paid in October)May and November) for the 6.875%6.50% senior secured notes.

The Company's redeemable noncontrolling interest in Voltyre-Prom includes a settlement put option which is exercisable during a six-month period beginning July through December of9, 2018. If exercised in July 2018, theThe redeemable noncontrolling interest may be purchased, with cash or Titan common stock, at an amount set by the Shareholder'sShareholders' Agreement, which is estimated to be approximately $117 million.million to
$122 million, if exercised in full. As of the filing date of this Form 10-Q, the Company had not received notification of intent to exercise the settlement put option. See Note 9 to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements regarding the Company's redeemable noncontrolling interest and the settlement put option.

In the future, Titan may seek to grow by making acquisitions, which will depend in large part on its ability to identify suitable acquisition candidates, negotiate acceptable terms for their acquisition, finance those acquisitions, and successfully integrate the acquired assets or business.

Subject to the terms of the agreements governing Titan's outstanding indebtedness, the Company may finance future acquisitions with cash on hand, cash from operations, additional indebtedness, issuing additional equity securities, divestitures, and divestitures.alternative financing options.

Cash and cash equivalents, totaling $155.7$106.5 million at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, along with anticipated internal cash flows from operations and utilization of remaining available borrowings, are expected to provide sufficient liquidity for working capital needs, debt maturities, and capital expenditures, and potential acquisitions.expenditures. Potential divestitures and unencumbered assets are also a means to provide for future liquidity needs.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

OTHER EVENTS
On September 21, 2017, a fire occurred at a facility of Titan Tire Reclamation Corporation (TTRC), a subsidiary of the Company, located in Fort McMurray, AB.  The TTRC facility contains six thermal vacuum recovery (TVR) units, which are large, contained capsules used to recycle large mining tires.  The fire started within one of the TVR units and was contained to a building housing three of the TVR units. The TTRC staff is working with affected customers to minimize the impact to their respective businesses. Three other TVR units located in another building at the TTRC facility were not affected. Titan carries both casualty and property insurance for its facilities and equipment, as well as business interruption insurance, and is reviewing the extent and scope of this coverage with its insurance carriers. The Company has insufficient information to determine if a contingent loss has occurred; therefore, no accrual was recorded.


RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)." This update supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. The core principle of this guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. This guidance also requires disclosure about the nature, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The amendments in this update were deferred by ASU No. 2015-14, "Revenue form Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) Deferral of Effective Date," and are now effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company is in the process of comparing its current revenue recognition policies to the requirements of ASU No. 2014-09. For the majority of Titan’s revenue arrangements, no significant impacts are expected, as these transactions are not accounted for under industry-specific guidance that will be superseded by ASU No. 2014-09 and generally consist of a single performance obligation to transfer promised goods or services. While the Company has not identified any material differences in the amount and timing of revenue recognition related to ASU No. 2014-09, the evaluation is not complete and, accordingly, Titan has not yet reached a conclusion on the overall impacts of adopting ASU No. 2014-09, if any. The guidance provides for adoption either retrospectively to each prior reporting period or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The Company has determined that it will adopt the guidance using a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. The Company believes it is following an appropriate timeline to allow for proper recognition, presentation, and disclosure upon adoption in the year beginning on January 1, 2018.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, "Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing." This ASU clarifies the following aspects of Topic 606: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, "Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients." This ASU affects only narrow aspects of Topic 606 related to assessing the collectability criterion; presentation of sales tax; noncash consideration; and contract modifications and completed contracts at transition. The amendments in these updates affect the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09, as previously discussed above, and the effective dates are the same as those for ASU No. 2014-09.

In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-20, "Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers." The amendments in this update affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU No. 2014-09, as discussed above, and the effective dates are the same as those for ASU No. 2014-09.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." This update addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." This update was issued to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is currently assessing the impact that adopting this new accounting guidance will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments." This update addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted in any interim or annual reporting period. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, "Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets other than Inventory." This update requires the recognition of income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. The Company adopted this guidance early, effective January 1, 2017. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, "Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost." This update requires an employer to report the service cost component of defined benefit pension cost and postretirement benefit cost in the same line item of the income statement as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, "Scope of Modification Accounting." This update provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in accordance with Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. The amendments in this update are effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

MARKET CONDITIONS AND OUTLOOK
The market for new equipment, which has been in a cyclical downturn, is beginning to show signs of recovery. In the first nine monthshalf of 2017,2018, Titan experienced higher sales when compared to the same period of 2016.2017. The higher sales levels were primarily the result of increased demand, for replacement equipment usedprimarily in the agricultural market. In addition, currency translation positively impacted sales.and earthmoving/construction segments. Net sales levels improved in both OEM and aftermarket channels. Market conditions across all segments are generally improved in 2018 compared to 2017.

Energy, natural raw material, and petroleum-based product costs werecould be volatile and may negatively affect the Company’s margins.  Additionally, the Company's markets and raw material prices may be negatively affected the Company’s margins in the firstby tariffs and second quarters of 2017.duties. Many of Titan’s overhead expenses are fixed; therefore, lower seasonal sales volume trends may cause negative fluctuations in quarterly profit margins and may negatively affect the financial condition of the Company.

AGRICULTURAL MARKET OUTLOOK
ReducedWith the rise in global trade protectionism and an evolving business climate that includes declining crop prices, rising interest rates and ongoing tariff battles, there is concern for the overall health of the agricultural economy, particularly North America where U.S. farm net income is expected to decline in 2018. Overall declining/stagnant farm income levels have loweredcontinued to keep demand for large farm equipment overat reduced levels, however, the last business cycle. More specifically, largeneed to replace equipment sales have deteriorated significantly since 2013 afteras part of a robusttypical replacement cycle is expected to drive additional volume in prior years. The shift to lower horsepower tractors has had a negative impact on revenueboth OEM and margin performance.aftermarket sales. Most major OEMs are forecasting 20172018 agricultural equipment sales to begin increasing on a year-over-year basisbe up over 2017 within most regions. North American used equipment levels remain relatively high with some decreases recentlyhave decreased from peak levels. Excess used equipment inventory and values can also negatively impact the new equipment market; however, with the extended equipment replacement cycle, opportunity exists for higher aftermarket replacement sales. Many variables, including weather, grain prices, export markets, currency, andas well as government tariffs, duties, policies, and subsidies can greatly influence the overall healthcondition of the agricultural economy.market.

EARTHMOVING/CONSTRUCTION MARKET OUTLOOK
In the first half of 2018, net sales in the earthmoving/construction market increased primarily due to higher net sales volumes. This increase in net sales was a continuation of increases which began in the latter part of 2017. Demand for larger products used in the mining industry is expected to improve slightlyimproved, with growth in 2017, with demandinternational markets outpacing growth in the U.S. Demand for ourTitan's products in this market expectedis anticipated to continue to improve nominally as compared to 2016.in the second half of 2018. Demand for small and medium sizedmedium-sized earthmoving/construction equipment used in the housing and commercial construction sectors is expectedalso anticipated to be up slightly in 2017 relative to 2016.increase. The earthmoving/construction segment is affected by many variables, including commodity prices, road construction, infrastructure, government appropriations, housing starts, and other macroeconomic drivers.drivers across the globe.

CONSUMER MARKET OUTLOOK
The consumer market is expected to remain highly competitive for 2017.the remainder of 2018. The consumer segment is affected by many variables including consumer spending, interest rates, government policies, and other macroeconomic drivers.


TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.



Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

See Item 7A - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2017. There has been no material change in this information.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Titan management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended)Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q.June 30, 2018. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q,June 30, 2018, Titan's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by Titan in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported accurately and within the time frames specified in the SEC's rules and forms and accumulated and communicated to Titan management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Controls
There were no changes in internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) that occurred during the thirdsecond quarter of fiscal 20172018 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on the Effectiveness of Controls
Because of its inherent limitations, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements or fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Due to the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that misstatements due to error or fraud will not occur or that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.

These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur due to simple error or mistake. Controls can also be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.



TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.



PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is a partysubject, from time to routinetime, to certain legal proceedings and claims arising out of the normal course of business. Although it is not possible to predict with certainty the outcome of these unresolved legal actions or theour business, which cover a wide range of possible loss, the Company believes atmatters, including environmental issues, product liability, contracts, and labor and employment matters. See Note 17 - Litigation in Part I, Item 1, Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of this time that none of these actions, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company. However, due to the difficult nature of predicting unresolved and future legal claims, the Company cannot anticipate or predict the material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows as a result of efforts to comply with, or liabilities pertaining to, legal judgments.Form 10-Q for further discussion.

Two of Titan’s subsidiaries are currently involved in litigation concerning environmental laws and regulations.

In October 2010, the United States of America, on behalf of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), filed a complaint against Dico, Inc. (Dico) and Titan Tire Corporation (Titan Tire) in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Iowa, wherein the EPA sought civil penalties, punitive damages, and response costs against Dico and Titan Tire pursuant to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA).

In June 2015, Titan Tire and Dico, Inc. appealed the U.S. District Court’s order granting the EPA’s motion for summary judgment that found Dico and Titan Tire liable for civil penalties and response costs for violating CERCLA and Dico liable for civil penalties and punitive damages for violating an EPA Administrative Order.

In December 2015, the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit reversed the District Court’s summary judgment order with respect to “arranger” liability for Titan Tire and Dico under CERCLA and the imposition of punitive damages against Dico for violating the EPA Administrative Order, but affirmed the summary judgment order imposing civil penalties in the amount of $1.62 million against Dico for violating the EPA Administrative Order. The case was remanded to the District Court for a new trial on the remaining issues.

The trial was held in April 2017. On September 5, 2017, the District Court issued an order: (a) concluding Titan Tire and Dico arranged for the disposal of a hazardous substance in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 9607(a); (b) holding Titan Tire and Dico jointly and severally liable for $5.45 million in response costs previously incurred and reported by the United States relating to the alleged violation, including enforcement costs and attorney’s fees; and (c) awarding a declaratory judgment holding Titan Tire and Dico jointly and severally liable for all additional response costs previously incurred but not yet reported or to be incurred in the future, including enforcement costs and attorney’s fees. The District Court also held Dico liable for $5.45 million in punitive damages under 42 U.S.C. § 9607(c)(3) for violating a unilateral administrative order. The punitive damages award does not apply to Titan Tire. The Company accrued a contingent liability of $6.5 million, representing $5.45 million in costs incurred by the United States and $1.05 million of additional response costs, for this order in the quarter ended September 30, 2017. Titan Tire and Dico will appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in Item 1A. Risk Factors to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, filed on March 15, 2017.February 23, 2018.




TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.



Item 6. Exhibits

10.1
10.2
31.1
  
31.2
  
32
  
101.INSXBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
  
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
  
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
  
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
  
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
  
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document





TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.



SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 TITAN INTERNATIONAL, INC.
 (Registrant)

Date:November 1, 2017August 2, 2018
By:
/s/  PAUL G. REITZ
  Paul G. Reitz
  
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 
By:
/s/ JAMES M. FROISLANDDAVID A. MARTIN
  James M. FroislandDavid A. Martin
  SVP and Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial Officer)



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