Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ~~YES~~Yes ☐ NONo ☒

As of ~~May 5,~~October 28, 2022, there were ~~77,457,081~~78,294,139 shares of registrant’s common shares outstanding.

Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the “Company,” “CRISPR,” “CRISPR Therapeutics,” “we,” “us,” and “our,” except where the context requires otherwise, refer to CRISPR Therapeutics AG and its consolidated subsidiaries.

“CRISPR ~~Therapeutics®~~Therapeutics®” standard character mark and design logo, “COBALTTM,” “CTX001TM,” “CTX110®,” “CTX112TM,” “CTX120TM,” “CTX121TM,” “CTX130TM,” “CTX131TM,” ~~and “CRISPR~~“CRISPR TXTM,” “VCTX210TM” and “VCTX211TM,” are trademarks and registered trademarks of CRISPR Therapeutics AG. All other trademarks and registered trademarks contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, trademarks, service marks and trade names referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may appear without the ® or ™ symbols and any such omission is not intended to indicate waiver of any such rights.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “potential,” “will,” “would” or the negative or plural of these words or similar expressions or variations, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. Forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements about:

Any forward-looking statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q reflect our current views with respect to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause our actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified herein, and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors,” set forth in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, if any, our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on February 15, 2022, and in other SEC filings. You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this report. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures or investments we may make or enter into.

You should read this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the documents that we have filed as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q completely and with the understanding that our actual future results, performance or achievements may be materially different from what we expect. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

Investors and others should note that we announce material information to our investors using our investor relations website (https://crisprtx.gcs-web.com/), SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls and webcasts. We use these channels as well as social media to communicate with the public about our ~~company,~~Company, our business, our product candidates and other matters. It is possible that the information we post on social media could be deemed to be material information. Therefore, we encourage investors, the media, and others interested in our ~~company~~Company to review the information we post on the social media channels listed on our investor relations website.


		As of							As of
		March 31,			December 31,				September 30,			December 31,
		2022			2021				2022			2021
Assets	Assets							Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	683,906		$	923,031			$	494,151		$	923,031
Marketable securities			1,537,355			1,456,098				1,401,824			1,456,098
Accounts receivable			143			305				49			305
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			39,212			38,079				36,679			38,079
Total current assets			2,260,616			2,417,513				1,932,703			2,417,513
Property and equipment, net			157,453			137,575				166,110			137,575
Marketable securities, non-current										77,147			—
Intangible assets, net			112			125				84			125
Restricted cash			12,123			16,913				12,123			16,913
Operating lease assets			171,541			174,460				161,507			174,460
Other non-current assets			4,330			5,291				3,682			5,291
Total assets		$	2,606,175		$	2,751,877			$	2,353,356		$	2,751,877
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity	Liabilities and shareholders’ equity							Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	27,111		$	14,816			$	32,114		$	14,816
Accrued expenses			72,632			91,003				102,954			91,003
Deferred revenue, current			—			1,011				—			1,011
Accrued tax liabilities			2,608			724				4,272			724
Operating lease liabilities			11,076			12,158				11,260			12,158
Other current liabilities			270			171				270			171
Total current liabilities			113,697			119,883				150,870			119,883
Deferred revenue, non-current			12,323			12,323				12,323			12,323
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion			227,904			212,872				230,895			212,872
Other non-current liabilities			7,335			7,339				5,314			7,339
Total liabilities			361,259			352,417				399,402			352,417
Commitments and contingencies, see Note 6
Shareholders’ equity:
Common shares, CHF 0.03 par value, 145,364,335 shares authorized at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, 77,566,721 and 77,170,382 shares issued at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, 77,386,405 and 76,990,066 shares outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively			2,407			2,391
Treasury shares, at cost, 180,316 shares at March 31, 2022 and at December 31, 2021			(63	)		(63	)
Common shares, CHF 0.03 par value, 150,347,467 and 145,364,335 shares authorized at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, 78,428,146 and 77,170,382 shares issued at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, 78,247,830 and 76,990,066 shares outstanding at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively										2,433			2,391
Treasury shares, at cost, 180,316 shares at September 30, 2022 and at December 31, 2021										(63	)		(63	)
Additional paid-in capital			2,634,597			2,598,114				2,709,361			2,598,114
Accumulated deficit			(375,132	)		(195,915	)			(735,515	)		(195,915	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			(16,893	)		(5,067	)			(22,262	)		(5,067	)
Total shareholders' equity			2,244,916			2,399,460				1,953,954			2,399,460
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		$	2,606,175		$	2,751,877			$	2,353,356		$	2,751,877

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive ~~Loss~~(Loss) Income


	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	March 31,						September 30,						September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2022			2021
Revenue:
Collaboration revenue	$	178		$	202		$	94		$	329		$	430		$	900,733
Grant revenue		762			337			—			495			762			1,331
Total revenue		940			539			94			824			1,192			902,064
Operating expenses:
Research and development		118,245			70,620			116,622			83,500			358,090			237,472
General and administrative		28,021			24,517			27,001			23,709			81,295			76,012
Collaboration expense, net		30,646			19,945			38,859			22,464			103,427			69,354
Total operating expenses		176,912			115,082			182,482			129,673			542,812			382,838
Loss from operations		(175,972	)		(114,543	)
(Loss) income from operations								(182,388	)		(128,849	)		(541,620	)		519,226
Other income:
Other income, net		363			1,955			7,264			1,101			11,171			3,806
Total other income, net		363			1,955			7,264			1,101			11,171			3,806
Net loss before income taxes		(175,609	)		(112,588	)
Provision for income taxes		(3,608	)		(575	)
Net loss		(179,217	)		(113,163	)
Net (loss) income before income taxes								(175,124	)		(127,748	)		(530,449	)		523,032
Benefit (provision) for income taxes								575			595			(9,151	)		(4,123	)
Net (loss) income								(174,549	)		(127,153	)		(539,600	)		518,909
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(27	)		5			(100	)		(24	)		(195	)		(14	)
Unrealized loss on marketable securities		(11,799	)		(383	)		(1,820	)		(117	)		(17,001	)		(673	)
Comprehensive loss	$	(191,043	)	$	(113,541	)
Comprehensive (loss) income							$	(176,469	)	$	(127,294	)	$	(556,796	)	$	518,222

Net loss per common share — basic	$	(2.32	)	$	(1.51	)
Net (loss) income per common share — basic							$	(2.24	)	$	(1.67	)	$	(6.96	)	$	6.85
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding		77,098,319			75,005,187			78,021,520			76,288,534			77,547,771			75,712,437
Net loss per common share — diluted	$	(2.32	)	$	(1.51	)
Net (loss) income per common share — diluted							$	(2.24	)	$	(1.67	)	$	(6.96	)	$	6.44
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding		77,098,319			75,005,187			78,021,520			76,288,534			77,547,771			80,554,682

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


	Common Shares				Treasury Shares																Common Shares				Treasury Shares
	Shares		CHF 0.03 Par Value		Shares		Amount, at cost			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Shareholders’ Equity			Shares		CHF 0.03 Par Value		Shares			Amount, at cost			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Shareholders’ Equity
Balance at December 31, 2020		73,914,844	$	2,277		195,316	$	(63	)	$	2,235,679	$	(573,576	)	$	(83	)	$	1,664,234			73,914,844	$	2,277		195,316		$	(63	)	$	2,235,679	$	(573,576	)	$	(83	)	$	1,664,234
Issuance of common shares, net of issuance costs of $5.4 million		1,353,121		45		—		—			222,130		—			—			222,175			1,353,121		45		—			—			222,130		—			—			222,175
Vesting of restricted shares		109,355		3		—		—			—		—			—			3			109,355		3		—			—			—		—			—			3
Exercise of vested options, net of issuance costs of $1.5 million		342,051		15		—		—			9,769		—			—			9,784			342,051		15		—			—			9,769		—			—			9,784
Purchase of common stock under ESPP		11,257		—		—		—			751		—			—			751			11,257		—		—			—			751		—			—			751
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—			22,092		—			—			22,092			—		—		—			—			22,092		—			—			22,092
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—			—		—			(378	)		(378	)		—		—		—			—			—		—			(378	)		(378	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—			—		(113,163	)		—			(113,163	)		—		—		—			—			—		(113,163	)		—			(113,163	)
Balance at March 31, 2021		75,730,628	$	2,340		195,316	$	(63	)	$	2,490,421	$	(686,739	)	$	(461	)	$	1,805,498			75,730,628	$	2,340		195,316		$	(63	)	$	2,490,421	$	(686,739	)	$	(461	)	$	1,805,498
Vesting of restricted shares																						3,667		—		—			—			—		—			—			—
Exercise of vested options, net of issuance costs of $0.4 million																						344,158		12		—			—			10,897		—			—			10,909
Stock-based compensation expense																						—		—		—			—			28,331		—			—			28,331
Other comprehensive loss																						—		—		—			—			—		—			(168	)		(168	)
Net income																						—		—		—			—			—		759,225			—			759,225
Balance at June 30, 2021																						76,078,453	$	2,352		195,316		$	(63	)	$	2,529,649	$	72,486		$	(629	)	$	2,603,795
Vesting of restricted shares																						96,167		4		—			—			—		—			—			4
Exercise of vested options, net of issuance costs of $0.4 million																						278,227		10		(15,000	)		—			8,865		—			—			8,875
Purchase of common stock under ESPP																						10,333		—		—			—			1,344		—			—			1,344
Stock-based compensation expense																						—		—		—			—			26,199		—			—			26,199
Other comprehensive loss																						—		—		—			—			—		—			(141	)		(141	)
Net loss																						—		—		—			—			—		(127,153	)		—			(127,153	)
Balance at September 30, 2021																						76,463,180	$	2,366		180,316		$	(63	)	$	2,566,057	$	(54,667	)	$	(770	)	$	2,512,923

Balance at December 31, 2021		76,990,066	$	2,391		180,316	$	(63	)	$	2,598,114	$	(195,915	)	$	(5,067	)	$	2,399,460			76,990,066	$	2,391		180,316		$	(63	)	$	2,598,114	$	(195,915	)	$	(5,067	)	$	2,399,460
Vesting of restricted shares		123,564		4		—		—			—		—			—			4			123,564		4		—			—			—		—			—			4
Exercise of vested options, net of issuance costs of $0.2 million		261,280		12		—		—			9,998		—			—			10,010			261,280		12		—			—			9,998		—			—			10,010
Purchase of common stock under ESPP		11,495		—		—		—			740		—			—			740			11,495		—		—			—			740		—			—			740
Stock-based compensation expense		—		—		—		—			25,745		—			—			25,745			—		—		—			—			25,745		—			—			25,745
Other comprehensive loss		—		—		—		—			—		—			(11,826	)		(11,826	)		—		—		—			—			—		—			(11,826	)		(11,826	)
Net loss		—		—		—		—			—		(179,217	)		—			(179,217	)		—		—		—			—			—		(179,217	)		—			(179,217	)
Balance at March 31, 2022		77,386,405	$	2,407		180,316	$	(63	)	$	2,634,597	$	(375,132	)	$	(16,893	)	$	2,244,916			77,386,405	$	2,407		180,316		$	(63	)	$	2,634,597	$	(375,132	)	$	(16,893	)	$	2,244,916
Vesting of restricted shares																						14,705		—		—			—			—		—			—			—
Exercise of vested options, net of issuance costs of $0.2 million																						391,053		13		—			—			10,333		—			—			10,346
Stock-based compensation expense																						—		—		—			—			24,852		—			—			24,852
Other comprehensive loss																						—		—		—			—			—		—			(3,449	)		(3,449	)
Net loss																						—		—		—			—			—		(185,834	)		—			(185,834	)
Balance at June 30, 2022																						77,792,163	$	2,420		180,316		$	(63	)	$	2,669,782	$	(560,966	)	$	(20,342	)	$	2,090,831
Issuance of common shares																						12,365		—		—			—			970		—			—			970
Vesting of restricted shares																						17,128		1		—			—			—		—			—			1
Exercise of vested options, net of issuance costs of $0.3 million																						401,110		12		—			—			12,770		—			—			12,782
Purchase of common stock under ESPP																						25,064		—		—			—			1,296		—			—			1,296
Stock-based compensation expense																						—		—		—			—			24,543		—			—			24,543
Other comprehensive loss																						—		—		—			—			—		—			(1,920	)		(1,920	)
Net loss																						—		—		—			—			—		(174,549	)		—			(174,549	)
Balance at September 30, 2022																						78,247,830	$	2,433		180,316		$	(63	)	$	2,709,361	$	(735,515	)	$	(22,262	)	$	1,953,954

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Operating activities:
Net loss	$	(179,217	)	$	(113,163	)
Reconciliation of net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Net (loss) income							$	(539,600	)	$	518,909
Reconciliation of net (loss) income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		6,039			2,715			18,326			11,692
Equity-based compensation		25,745			22,092			75,142			76,622
Other non-cash items, net		6,099			2,064			12,251			9,420
Changes in:
Accounts receivable		162			(6	)		256			(8	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		4,611			(5,068	)		7,062			(18,775	)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		(1,616	)		(5,770	)		36,261			14,733
Deferred revenue		(762	)		(539	)		(762	)		(779	)
Operating lease assets and liabilities		3,854			778			10,826			19,679
Other liabilities, net		(154	)		(3,766	)		(2,175	)		(6,483	)
Net cash used in operating activities		(135,239	)		(100,663	)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities								(382,413	)		625,010
Investing activities:
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(15,350	)		(7,024	)		(30,997	)		(72,522	)
Purchases of marketable securities		(323,140	)		(323,975	)		(923,404	)		(1,386,785	)
Maturities of marketable securities		223,975			163,101			871,278			432,593
Net cash used in investing activities		(114,515	)		(167,898	)		(83,123	)		(1,026,714	)
Financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common shares, net of issuance costs		0			214,592			970			213,267
Proceeds from exercise of options and ESPP contributions, net of issuance costs		10,649			11,399			35,144			31,379
Net cash provided by financing activities		10,649			225,991			36,114			244,646
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(27	)		5			(195	)		(14	)
Decrease in cash		(239,132	)		(42,565	)		(429,617	)		(157,072	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		939,944			1,185,468			939,944			1,185,468
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	700,812		$	1,142,903		$	510,327		$	1,028,396
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities
Property and equipment purchases in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	5,888		$	8,847		$	4,919		$	6,264
Equity issuance costs in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	217		$	2,868		$	299		$	391
Leasehold improvements paid directly by landlord	$	13,015		$	—		$	19,252		$	—


	As of March 31,				As of September 30,
Reconciliation to amounts within the condensed consolidated balance sheets	2022		2021		2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents		683,906		1,126,059		494,151		1,011,548
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		4,783		—		4,053		—
Restricted cash		12,123		16,844		12,123		16,848
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period	$	700,812	$	1,142,903	$	510,327	$	1,028,396

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

2. Marketable Securities

The following table summarizes cash equivalents and marketable securities held at ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands), which are recorded at fair value. The table below excludes $~~138.8~~279.9 million and $405.6 million of cash at ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Fair Value
March 31, 2022
September 30, 2022
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	416,688	$	—	$	—		$	416,688	$	37,857	$	—	$	—		$	37,857
Corporate debt securities		11,827		—		(3	)		11,824		20,232		2		(14	)		20,220
Certificates of deposit		—		—		—			—		14,481		—		—			14,481
Commercial paper		116,606		1		(4	)		116,603		141,727		—		(11	)		141,716
Total cash equivalents		545,121		1		(7	)		545,115		214,297		2		(25	)		214,274
Marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		12,126		—		(269	)		11,857		46,340		—		(15	)		46,325
Corporate debt securities		1,166,163		3		(15,982	)		1,150,184		1,102,619		18		(20,742	)		1,081,895
Certificates of deposit		57,631		—		—			57,631		44,430		—		—			44,430
Government-sponsored enterprise securities		13,299		—		(236	)		13,063		43,053		21		(627	)		42,447
Commercial paper		305,033		5		(418	)		304,620		264,610		—		(736	)		263,874
Total marketable securities		1,554,252		8		(16,905	)		1,537,355		1,501,052		39		(22,120	)		1,478,971
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	2,099,373	$	9	$	(16,912	)	$	2,082,470	$	1,715,349	$	41	$	(22,145	)	$	1,693,245
December 31, 2021
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	507,386	$	—	$	—		$	507,386	$	507,386	$	—	$	—		$	507,386
Corporate debt securities		—		—		—			—
Certificates of deposit		—		—		—			—
Commercial paper		9,997		—		(1	)		9,996		9,997		—		(1	)		9,996
Total cash equivalents		517,383		—		(1	)		517,382		517,383		—		(1	)		517,382
Marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		16,238		6		(52	)		16,192		16,238		6		(52	)		16,192
Corporate debt securities		1,173,659		10		(4,903	)		1,168,766		1,173,659		10		(4,903	)		1,168,766
Certificates of deposit		45,164		—		—			45,164		45,164		—		—			45,164
Government-sponsored enterprise securities		13,334		—		(77	)		13,257		13,334		—		(77	)		13,257
Commercial paper		212,805		—		(86	)		212,719		212,805		—		(86	)		212,719
Total marketable securities		1,461,200		16		(5,118	)		1,456,098		1,461,200		16		(5,118	)		1,456,098
Total cash equivalents and marketable securities	$	1,978,583	$	16	$	(5,119	)	$	1,973,480	$	1,978,583	$	16	$	(5,119	)	$	1,973,480

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the aggregate fair value of marketable securities that were in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months was $~~534.9~~814.9 million and $1,311.6 million, respectively. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the aggregate fair value of marketable securities that were in an unrealized loss position for more than twelve months was $~~9.5~~506.2 million and $4.6 million, respectively. Of this amount, securities totaling $77.1 million and $0.0 million as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, will mature beyond one year. The Company has recorded a net unrealized loss of $~~11.8~~1.8 million and $~~0.4~~17.0 million during the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 respectively, related to its debt securities, which is included in comprehensive loss on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income. The Company recorded a net unrealized loss of $0.1 million and $0.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 respectively, related to its debt securities, which is included in comprehensive loss on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive ~~loss.~~(loss) income.

The Company determined that there is no material credit risk associated with the above investments as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022. The Company has the intent and ability to hold such securities until recovery. As a result, the Company did not record any charges for credit-related impairments for its marketable securities for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021. ~~NaN~~No available-for-sale debt securities held as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 had remaining maturities greater than thirty months.

3. Fair Value Measurements

The following tables present information about the Company’s financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the fair value hierarchy classification of such fair values as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


	Fair Value Measurements at								Fair Value Measurements at
	March 31, 2022								September 30, 2022
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash	$	138,791	$	138,791	$	—	$	—	$	279,877	$	279,877	$	—	$	—
Money market funds		416,688		416,688		—		—		37,857		37,857		—		—
Corporate debt securities		11,824		—		11,824		—		20,220		—		20,220		—
Commercial paper										141,716		—		141,716		—
Certificates of deposit		116,603		—		116,603		—		14,481		—		14,481		—
Commercial paper		—		—		—		—
Marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		11,857		—		11,857		—		46,325		—		46,325		—
Corporate debt securities		1,150,184		—		1,150,184		—		1,081,895		—		1,081,895		—
Certificates of deposit		57,631		—		57,631		—		44,430		—		44,430		—
Government-sponsored enterprise securities		13,063		—		13,063		—		42,447		—		42,447		—
Commercial paper		304,620		—		304,620		—		263,874		—		263,874		—
Other non-current assets		2,212		—		—		2,212		2,212		—		—		2,212
Total	$	2,223,473	$	555,479	$	1,665,782	$	2,212	$	1,975,334	$	317,734	$	1,655,388	$	2,212
	Fair Value Measurements at								Fair Value Measurements at
	December 31, 2021								December 31, 2021
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash	$	405,648	$	405,648	$	—	$	—	$	405,648	$	405,648	$	—	$	—
Money market funds		507,386		507,386		—		—		507,386		507,386		—		—
Corporate debt securities		—		—		—		—
Certificates of deposit		—		—		—		—
Commercial paper		9,997		—		9,997		—		9,997		—		9,997		—
Marketable securities:
U.S. Treasury securities		16,192		—		16,192		—		16,192		—		16,192		—
Corporate debt securities		1,168,766		—		1,168,766		—		1,168,766		—		1,168,766		—
Certificates of deposit		45,164		—		45,164		—		45,164		—		45,164		—
Government-sponsored enterprise securities		13,257		—		13,257		—		13,257		—		13,257		—
Commercial paper		212,719		—		212,719		—		212,719		—		212,719		—
Other non-current assets		2,212		—		—		2,212		2,212		—		—		2,212
Total	$	2,381,341	$	913,034	$	1,466,095	$	2,212	$	2,381,341	$	913,034	$	1,466,095	$	2,212

Marketable securities classified as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy generally consist of U.S. treasury securities and government agency securities, corporate bonds, and commercial paper. The Company estimates the fair values of these marketable securities by taking into consideration valuations obtained from third-party pricing sources.

The Company holds equity securities classified as Level 3 which are not material to the Company’s financial position.

7. Significant Contracts

Agreements with Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated and certain of its subsidiaries

Summary

On October 26, 2015, the Company entered into a strategic collaboration, option and license agreement, or the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, with Vertex. The 2015 Collaboration Agreement is focused on the use of the Company’s CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology to discover and develop potential new treatments aimed at the underlying genetic causes of human disease.

On December 12, 2017, the Company and Vertex entered into Amendment No. 1 to the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, or Amendment No. 1, and the Joint Development Agreement, or the JDA. Amendment No. 1, among other things, modified certain definitions and provisions of the 2015 Collaboration Agreement to make them consistent with the JDA and clarified how many options are exercised (or deemed exercised) in connection with certain targets specified under the 2015 Collaboration Agreement. Amendment No. 1 also amended other provisions of the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, including the expiration terms.

In connection with the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, Vertex made a nonrefundable upfront payment of $75.0 million. Under the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, Vertex agreed to fund the discovery activities conducted pursuant to the agreement while retaining options to co-exclusive and exclusive licenses. In December 2017, upon execution of the JDA and Amendment No. 1, Vertex exercised its option to obtain a co-exclusive license to develop and commercialize hemoglobinopathy and beta-globin targets. As such, for potential hemoglobinopathy treatments, including treatments for sickle cell disease, the Company and Vertex agreed to share equally all research and development costs and worldwide revenues. In connection with the JDA, the Company received a $7.0 million up-front payment from Vertex and subsequently received a one-time low seven-digit milestone payment upon the dosing of the second patient in a clinical trial with the initial product candidate. In addition, upon execution of the JDA and Amendment No. 1, it was clarified that Vertex may elect to license up to four remaining targets, for which it will lead global development and commercialization activities, and the Company received the right to receive up to $420.0 million in development, regulatory and commercial milestones and royalties on net product sales for each of the targets (inclusive of $10 million due upon exercise of each exclusive option).

In June 2019, the Company and Vertex entered into a series of agreements, which closed in the second quarter of 2019, including a strategic collaboration and license agreement, or the 2019 Collaboration Agreement, for the development and commercialization of products for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy, or DMD, and Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1, or DM1. Under the terms of the 2019 Collaboration Agreement, the Company received an upfront, nonrefundable payment of $175.0 million. In addition, the Company was initially eligible to receive potential aggregate payments of up to $825.0 million based upon the successful achievement of specified research, development, regulatory and commercial milestones for the DMD and DM1 programs.

The Company is also eligible to receive tiered royalties on future net sales on any products that may result from the 2019 Collaboration Agreement. For the DMD program, Vertex is responsible for all research, development, manufacturing and commercialization activities and all related costs. For the DM1 program, the Company performed specified guide RNA research and Vertex is responsible for all other research, development, manufacturing and commercialization costs. Upon Investigational New Drug, or IND, application filing, the Company has the option to forego the DM1 milestones and royalties, and instead, co-develop and co-commercialize all DM1 products globally in exchange for payment of 50% of research and development costs incurred by Vertex from the effective date of the agreement through IND filing.

In connection with the execution of the 2019 Collaboration Agreement, the Company and Vertex entered into a second amendment to the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, or Amendment No. 2. Among other things, Amendment No. 2 modified certain definitions and provisions of the 2015 Collaboration Agreement to make them consistent with the 2019 Collaboration Agreement and set forth the number and identity of the collaboration targets under the 2015 Collaboration Agreement. The Company and Vertex agreed that 1one of the 4four remaining options under the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, as amended, would not be exercised; instead, the Company reacquired the exclusive rights and agreed to conduct research and development activities for the specified target. Vertex will have the option to co-develop and co-commercialize the specified target upon IND filing in exchange for payment of 50% of research and development costs incurred by the Company from the effective date of the agreement through IND filing. If Vertex does not exercise its option to co-develop and co-commercialize the specified target, Vertex is eligible to receive up to $395.0 million in potential specified research, development, regulatory and commercial milestones and tiered single-digit royalties on future net sales.

In October 2019, Vertex exercised the remaining 3three options granted to it under the 2015 Collaboration Agreement to exclusively license the collaboration targets developed under the 2015 Collaboration Agreement, resulting in a payment of $30.0 million to the Company in the fourth quarter of 2019. In addition, the Company achieved the first milestone under the 2019 Collaboration Agreement in the first quarter of 2020 and, in connection therewith, received a payment of $25.0 million in April 2020. The Company achieved the second milestone under the 2019 Collaboration Agreement in the fourth quarter of 2021 and, in connection therewith, received a payment of $12.5 million in December 2021. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, the Company is eligible to receive remaining potential future milestones of $775.0 million under the 2019 Collaboration Agreement.

In April 2021, the Company and Vertex agreed to amend and restate the JDA and entered into an Amended and Restated Joint Development and Commercialization Agreement, or the “A&R Vertex JDCA,” pursuant to which the parties agreed to, among other things, (a) adjust the governance structure for the collaboration and adjust the responsibilities of each party thereunder, whereby Vertex shall lead and have all decision making (i.e., control) in relation to the ~~CTX001~~exa-cel program prospectively; (b) adjust the allocation of net profits and net losses between the parties with respect to ~~CTX001~~exa-cel only, which will be allocated 40% to the Company and 60% to Vertex, prospectively; and (c) exclusively license (subject to the Company’s reserved rights to conduct certain activities) certain intellectual property rights to Vertex relating to the specified product candidates and products (including ~~CTX001)~~exa-cel) that may be researched, developed, manufactured and commercialized on a worldwide basis under such agreement. The transaction contemplated by the A&R Vertex JDCA closed in the second quarter of 2021. The Company is providing certain specified transition services to Vertex in connection with the agreement.

In connection with the closing of the transaction contemplated by the A&R Vertex JDCA, the Company received a $900.0 million up-front payment from Vertex. Additionally, the Company is eligible to receive a one-time $200.0 million milestone payment upon receipt by Vertex of the first marketing approval of the initial product candidate from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or the European Commission. With respect to ~~CTX001~~exa-cel only, the net profits and net losses, as applicable, incurred under the A&R Vertex JDCA through July 1, 2021 in connection with the initial shared product (i.e., ~~CTX001)~~exa-cel) were shared equally between the Company and Vertex, and beginning July 1, 2021, the net profits and net losses, as applicable, incurred under the A&R Vertex JDCA are allocated 40% to the Company and 60% to Vertex. Additionally, the A&R Vertex JDCA allows the Company to defer a portion of its share of costs under the arrangement if spending on the ~~CTX001~~exa-cel program exceeds specified amounts. Any deferred amounts are only payable to Vertex as an offset against future profitability of the ~~CTX001~~exa-cel program and the amounts payable are capped at a specified maximum amount per year.

Accounting for the Vertex Agreements

The 2015 Collaboration Agreement, Amendment No. 1, and JDA are collectively the “2015 Agreements” and the 2019 Collaboration Agreement and Amendment No. 2. are collectively the “2019 Agreements.” The 2015 Collaboration Agreement,

Amendment No. 1, Amendment No. 2, JDA, A&R Vertex JDCA and 2019 Collaboration Agreement are collectively the “Vertex Agreements.”

The Vertex Agreements include components of a customer-vendor relationship as defined under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, or ASC 606, collaborative arrangements as defined under ASC 808, Collaborative Agreements, or ASC 808, and research and development costs as defined under ASC 730, Research and Development, or ASC 730. Additionally, the A&R Vertex JDCA allows the Company to defer a portion of its share of costs under the arrangement if spending on the ~~CTX001~~exa-cel program exceeds specified amounts, which are only payable to Vertex as an offset against future profitability of the ~~CTX001~~exa-cel program up to a maximum amount per year.

Accounting Analysis Under ASC 606

Accounting for the A&R Vertex JDCA

Identification of the Contract

The A&R Vertex JDCA represented a contractual modification to the JDA. For accounting purposes, the A&R Vertex JDCA was treated as a separate contract.

Identification of Performance Obligations

The Company concluded the A&R Vertex JDCA contained a single material promise, an exclusive worldwide license granting Vertex an additional 10% economic interest in the ~~CTX001~~exa-cel program and the right to control development and commercialization of ~~CTX001,~~exa-cel, or the ~~“CTX001~~“Exa-cel Exclusive License.” The Company concluded the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License was both capable of being distinct and distinct within the context of the A&R Vertex JDCA, and the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License was sold at its estimated standalone selling price, or “ESSP.” As such, the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License represented a separate performance obligation.

Determination of Transaction Price

The transaction price was comprised of the upfront payment of $900.0 million. The Company determined that all other possible variable consideration resulting from milestones and royalties discussed above was fully constrained at the time of the transaction. The Company will reevaluate the transaction price in each reporting period.

Allocation of Transaction Price to Performance Obligations

The selling price of the performance obligation was determined based on the Company’s ESSP. The Company developed the ESSP for the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License with the objective of determining the price at which it would sell such an item if it were to be sold regularly on a standalone basis.

The ESSP for the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License was determined to be approximately $900.0 million. The ESSP was determined based on 10% of the probability and present value adjusted cash flows from projected worldwide net profit for ~~CTX001~~exa-cel based on probability assessments, projections based on internal forecasts, industry data, and information from other guideline companies within the same industry and other relevant factors. As the Company determined the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License was the only performance obligation, the entire transaction price was allocated to the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License. The aforementioned ESSP reflects the level of risk and expected probability of success inherent in the nature of the associated research area.

Recognition of Revenue

The Company determined that the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License represented functional intellectual property, as the intellectual property provides Vertex with the ability to perform a function or task in the form of research and development, manufacturing and commercialization. As such, the revenue related to the ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel Exclusive License was recognized at the point in time, which was upon transfer in the second quarter of 2021.

Accounting for the 2019 Agreements

The 2019 Agreements represented a contract modification to the 2015 Agreements. As a result, the 2019 Agreements and the 2015 Agreements are combined for accounting purposes and treated as a single arrangement. Transactions under the 2019 Agreements were not material for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021.

The Company determined that all possible variable consideration remaining under the 2019 Agreements resulting from milestones and royalties discussed above was fully constrained as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022. The Company will re-evaluate the transaction price in each reporting period.

Revenue recognized in connection with the Vertex Agreements

Revenue recognized under the Vertex Agreements for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, respectively, was not material. Revenue recognized under the Vertex Agreements for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, was ~~not material.~~$0.2 million and $900.6 million, respectively.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there was 0no current deferred revenue related to the collaboration with Vertex. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, there was $12.3 million of non-current deferred revenue related to the collaboration with Vertex, which is unchanged from December 31, 2021. The transaction price allocated to the remaining performance obligations was $12.3 million.

Future Milestones under the Vertex Agreements

The Company has evaluated the milestones that may be received in connection with the Vertex Agreements. As discussed above, the Company is eligible to receive up to $410.0 million in additional development, regulatory and commercial milestones and royalties on net product sales for each of the three collaboration targets that Vertex licensed in the fourth quarter of 2019. Each milestone is payable only once per collaboration target, regardless of the number of products directed to such collaboration target that achieve the relevant milestone event.

The Company is eligible to receive additional potential future payments of up to $775.0 million based upon the successful achievement of specified development, regulatory and commercial milestones for the DMD and DM1 programs. The Company is also eligible to receive tiered royalties on future net sales on any products that may result from this collaboration; however, the Company has the option to forego the DM1 milestones and royalties to co-develop and co-commercialize all DM1 products globally.

The Company is eligible to receive additional potential future payments of up to $200.0 million upon receipt by Vertex of the first marketing approval of the initial product candidate from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or the European Commission. In addition, the Company has the option to conduct research at their own cost in certain defined areas that, if beneficial to the ~~CTX001~~exa-cel program and ~~CTX001~~exa-cel ultimately achieves regulatory approval in such areas, then the Company could be entitled to certain milestone payments aggregating to high eight digits from Vertex.

Each of the remaining milestones are fully constrained as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022. There is uncertainty that the events to obtain the research and developmental milestones will be achieved given the nature of clinical development and the stage of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The remaining research, development and regulatory milestones will be constrained until it is probable that a significant revenue reversal will not occur. Commercial milestones and royalties relate predominantly to a license of intellectual property and are determined by sales or usage-based thresholds. The commercial milestones and royalties are accounted for under the royalty recognition constraint and will be accounted for as constrained variable consideration. The Company applies the royalty recognition constraint for each commercial milestone and will not recognize revenue for each until the subsequent sale of a licensed product (achievement of each) occurs.

Accounting Analysis under ASC 808

In connection with the Vertex Agreements, the Company identified the following collaborative elements, which are accounted for under ASC 808: (i) development and commercialization services for shared products, including any transition services related to ~~CTX001~~exa-cel under the A&R Vertex JDCA; (ii) R&D Services for follow-on products; and (iii) committee participation. The related impact of the cost sharing is included within collaboration expense, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive ~~loss.~~(loss) income.

During the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ the Company recognized $~~30.6~~38.9 million and $~~19.9~~103.4 million of collaboration expense, net, related to the Vertex Agreements, respectively. Collaboration expense, net, was net of $~~7.4~~10.1 million and $~~10.6~~26.6 million of reimbursements from Vertex, respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recognized $22.5 million and $69.4 million of collaboration expense, net, related to the Vertex Agreements, respectively. Collaboration expense, net, was net of $15.8 million and $39.0 million of reimbursements from Vertex, respectively.

8. Share Capital

The Company had ~~145,364,335~~150,347,467 authorized common shares as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, with a par value of CHF 0.03 per share. Share Capital consisted of the following:


		As of					As of
Type of Share Capital	Conditional Capital	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Conditional Capital	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Common shares	Registered share capital		82,028,328		80,321,227	Registered share capital		82,028,328		80,321,227
Common shares	Authorized share capital		39,316,975		39,316,975	Authorized share capital		39,316,975		39,316,975
Common shares	Conditional share capital - Bonds or similar debt instruments		4,919,700		4,919,700	Conditional share capital - Bonds or similar debt instruments		8,202,832		4,919,700
Common shares	Conditional share capital - Employee benefit plans		19,099,332		20,806,433	Conditional share capital - Employee benefit plans		20,799,332		20,806,433
	Total		145,364,335		145,364,335	Total		150,347,467		145,364,335

Common Share Issuances

At-the-Market Offering

In August 2019, the Company entered into an Open Market Sale AgreementSM with Jefferies LLC, or Jefferies, under which the Company was able to offer and sell, from time to time at its sole discretion through Jefferies, as its sales agent, its common shares, or the August 2019 Sales Agreement.

In January 2021, in connection with the August 2019 Sales Agreement, the Company filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC to offer and sell, from time to time, common shares having aggregate gross proceeds of up to $600.0 million. In July 2021, the Company filed a new prospectus supplement with the SEC, which replaced the previous prospectus supplement filed in January 2021, to offer and sell, from time to time, the common shares remaining under the original prospectus supplement having aggregate gross proceeds of up to $419.8 million, or, together with the January 2021 prospectus supplement, the 2021 ATM.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, the Company has issued and sold an aggregate of 1.1 million common shares under the 2021 ATM at an average price of $~~169.82~~168.79 per share for aggregate proceeds of $~~177.8~~178.8 million, which were net of equity issuance costs of $2.4 million.~~NaN~~ ~~shares were issued and sold under the 2021 ATM for the three months ended March 31, 2022.~~

9. Stock-based Compensation

During the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized the following stock-based compensation expense (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021
Research and development	$	14,589	$	12,845	$	13,311	$	14,190	$	41,728	$	43,230
General and administrative		11,156		9,247		11,232		12,009		33,414		33,392
Total	$	25,745	$	22,092	$	24,543	$	26,199	$	75,142	$	76,622

Stock option activity

The following table summarizes stock option activity for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022:


	Shares			Weighted- average exercise price per share
Outstanding at December 31, 2021		7,812,982		$	58.07
Granted		1,143,989			59.84
Exercised		(1,053,443	)		32.17
Cancelled or forfeited		(649,697	)		82.40
Outstanding at September 30, 2022		7,253,831		$	59.93
Exercisable at September 30, 2022		4,637,194		$	49.37
Vested and expected to vest at September 30, 2022		7,253,831		$	59.93

Shares

Weighted-
average
exercise price
per share

Outstanding at December 31, 2021

7,812,982

$
58.07

Granted

820,189

58.62

Exercised

(261,280
)

39.17

Cancelled or forfeited

(151,433
)

78.48

Outstanding at March 31, 2022

8,220,458

$
58.35

Exercisable at March 31, 2022

4,757,990

$
43.59

Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2022

8,220,458

$
58.35

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options was $~~157.6~~121.4 million, which the Company expects to recognize over a remaining weighted-average period of ~~2.8~~2.4 years.

Restricted stock activity

The following table summarizes restricted stock activity for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022:


	Restricted Stock			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value		Restricted Stock			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested balance as of December 31, 2021		934,175		$	100.14		934,175		$	100.14
Granted		361,896			58.55		714,376			65.66
Vested		(123,564	)		83.94		(155,397	)		86.15
Cancelled or forfeited		(25,143	)		109.89		(171,978	)		92.45
Unvested balance as of March 31, 2022		1,147,364		$	88.56
Unvested balance as of September 30, 2022							1,321,176		$	84.14

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted common shares was $~~81.6~~78.4

million, which the Company expects to recognize over a remaining weighted-average vesting period of ~~2.7~~2.5 years.

During the third quarter of 2022, the Company granted 150,000 performance stock units with market-based vesting conditions

in which the recipient is eligible to receive between zero and 150,000 common shares at the end of a three-year service period based upon achieving a specified average stock price. The expense for these awards is being recognized over the requisite service period. As of September 30, 2022, 150,000 of the performance stock units were unvested.

10. Net ~~Loss~~(Loss) Income Per Share Attributable to Common Shareholders

Basic net ~~loss~~(loss) income per share is calculated by dividing net ~~loss~~(loss) income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net ~~loss~~(loss) income per share is calculated by dividing the net ~~loss~~(loss) income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common share equivalents outstanding for the period, including any dilutive effect from outstanding stock options and warrants using the treasury stock method. The Company’s net ~~loss~~(loss) income is net ~~loss~~(loss) income attributable to common shareholders for all periods presented.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except for share and per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Net (loss) income	$	(174,549	)	$	(127,153	)	$	(539,600	)	$	518,909
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding		78,021,520			76,288,534			77,547,771			75,712,437
Effect of potentially dilutive securities:
Outstanding options		—			—			—			4,340,103
Unvested restricted common shares		—			—			—			502,142
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding		78,021,520			76,288,534			77,547,771			80,554,682
Basic net (loss) income per common share		(2.24	)		(1.67	)		(6.96	)		6.85
Diluted net (loss) income per common share		(2.24	)		(1.67	)		(6.96	)		6.44

The following common stock equivalents were excluded from the calculation of diluted net ~~loss~~(loss) income per share for the periods indicated because including them would have had an anti-dilutive effect (in thousands):

Three Months Ended March 31,

2022

2021

Outstanding options

8,220,458

8,572,663

Unvested restricted common shares

1,147,364

1,052,379

ESPP

10,969

10,594

Total

9,378,791

9,635,636


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Outstanding options		7,253,831		7,887,772		7,253,831		1,556,588
Unvested restricted common shares		1,321,176		1,016,231		1,321,176		143,617
ESPP		8,673		7,685		8,673		6,578
Total		8,583,680		8,911,688		8,583,680		1,706,783

During the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0.6 million and an income tax provision of $~~3.6~~ ~~million and a provision of $0.6~~9.2 million, respectively, representing an effective tax rate of -~~2.1~~0.3% and -(1.7%), respectively. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $0.6 million and an income tax provision of $4.1 million, respectively, representing an effective tax rate of 0.5% and 0.8%, respectively. The income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and the income tax provision isfor the nine months ended September 30, 2022 are primarily attributable to the ~~year-to-date pre-tax income earned by the Company’s~~Company's U.S. ~~subsidiary.~~ subsidiaries. The decrease in the rate for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 is primarily attributable to the requirement to capitalize research and development costs for tax purposes under the 2017 “Tax Cuts and Jobs Act” (TCJA), which impacts the Company's permanent tax adjustments and the Company's valuation allowance assessment. Additionally, the Company was profitable for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 but is in a loss position for nine months ended September 30, 2022 which causes the tax rate to be negative in the current period. The difference in the statutory tax rate andand effective tax rate is primarily a result of the jurisdictional mix of earnings, research credits generated, and the valuation allowance recorded against certain deferred tax assets. The Company maintains a valuation allowance against certain deferred tax assets that are not more-likely-than-not realizable.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with (i) our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and (ii) our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on February 15, 2022. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business and impact and potential impacts on our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. As a result of many factors, including, without limitation, those factors set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 and the “Risk Factors” section of subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, our actual results or timing of certain events could differ materially from the results or timing described in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements.

Since March 2020, we have been evaluating the actual and potential business impacts related to the outbreak of a novel strain of virus named SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome 2), or coronavirus, which causes coronavirus disease, or COVID-19. As a result of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, we have experienced, and may further experience, disruptions, pauses and/or delays that have and could further adversely impact our business operations, and/or associated timelines. We maintain temporary work-from-home procedures for all employees other than for those personnel and contractors who perform essential activities that must be completed on-site. If negative developments relating to the coronavirus pandemic continue, including “periodic resurgence” and additional “waves”, we may be required to restrict on-site staff at our offices and laboratories again and at times have limited access to our offices on a temporary and intermittent basis; with respect to our hemoglobinopathies clinical trials, we may elect to pause patient dosing in certain of our trials again if ICU beds and related healthcare resources become significantly constrained again or governmental authorities impose additional business or travel restrictions; with respect to our immuno-oncology clinical trials, investigators participating in our clinical trials may not want to take the risk of exposing cancer patients to the coronavirus since the dosing of patients is conducted within an in-patient setting; and certain aspects of our supply chain could be disrupted if our third party suppliers and manufacturers paused their operations again in response to such negative developments and/or as a result of national and local regulations. The ultimate impact of the coronavirus pandemic on our business operations remains uncertain and subject to change and will depend on future developments, which cannot be accurately predicted. We will continue to monitor the situation closely.

We are a leading gene editing company focused on the development of CRISPR/Cas9-based therapeutics. CRISPR/Cas9 is a revolutionary gene editing technology that allows for precise, directed changes to genomic DNA. The application of CRISPR/Cas9 for gene editing was co-invented by one of our scientific founders, Dr. Emmanuelle Charpentier. Dr. Charpentier ~~who, along with~~and her collaborators published work elucidating how CRISPR/Cas9, a naturally occurring viral defense mechanism found in bacteria, can be adapted for use in gene editing. We are applying this technology to potentially treat a broad set of rare and common ~~diseases by disrupting, correcting or regulating the genes related to such~~ diseases. We believe that our scientific expertise, together with our gene-editing approach, may enable an entirely new class of highly active and potentially curative therapies for patients, including those for whom current biopharmaceutical approaches have had limited success.

We have established a portfolio of therapeutic programs ~~across~~in a broad range of disease areas ~~including~~across four core franchises: hemoglobinopathies, oncology, regenerative medicine and ~~rare diseases.~~in vivo approaches.

Our lead product candidate, CTX001, now known as exagamglogene autotemcel, or exa-cel, is an investigational, autologous, gene-edited hematopoietic stem cell therapy that is being evaluated for the treatment of transfusion-dependent beta thalassemia, or TDT, and severe sickle cell disease, or SCD. ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel is being developed under a joint development and commercialization agreement between us and Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated and certain of its subsidiaries, or Vertex.

We and Vertex are investigating ~~CTX001~~exa-cel in two ongoing Phase 3 open-label clinical trials that are designed to assess the safety and efficacy of a single dose of ~~CTX001~~exa-cel in patients ages 12 to 35 with TDT ~~(CLIMB THAL-111)~~(CLIMB-111) or SCD ~~(CLIMB SCD-121)~~(CLIMB-121), respectively. ~~The first~~Enrollment is complete for both CLIMB-111 and CLIMB-121. We and Vertex have also initiated two additional Phase 3 open-label clinical trials of exa-cel in pediatric patients with TDT (CLIMB-141) and SCD (CLIMB-151). Patients who received exa-cel in each trial were treated sequentially and, following data from the initial two patients indicating successful engraftment and an acceptable safety profile, the corresponding trial opened for concurrent dosing. CLIMB THAL-111 and CLIMB SCD-121 are designed to follow patients for approximately two years after infusion. Each patientCLIMB-111, CLIMB-121, CLIMB-141 or CLIMB-151 will be asked to participate in a long-term, open-label follow-up trial, CLIMB-131, to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ~~CTX001 in patients who received CTX001.~~exa-cel. CLIMB-131 is designed to follow participants for up to 15 years after ~~CTX001~~exa-cel infusion. ~~Enrollment is complete for both CLIMB THAL-111 and CLIMB SCD-121.~~

In the second quarter of ~~2021,~~2022, at the European Hematology Association Congress, we presented updated clinical data from ~~CLIMB THAL-111~~CLIMB-111 and ~~CLIMB SCD-121~~CLIMB-121 for ~~the first fifteen~~44 patients with TDT and ~~first seven~~31 patients with SCD treated with ~~CTX001 who had reached at least three months of follow-up after CTX001 dosing.~~

~~We and Vertex have also initiated two additional Phase 3 clinical trials of CTX001 in pediatric patients with TDT and SCD.~~

~~CTX001~~exa-cel. Exa-cel has been granted a number of regulatory designations from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, including RMAT, Fast Track, Orphan Drug, and Rare Pediatric Disease designations for the treatment of both TDT and SCD. ~~CTX001~~Exa-cel has also been granted Orphan Drug Designation from the European Commission, as well as PRIME designation from the European Medicines Agency, for the treatment of both TDT and SCD. In the third quarter of 2022, we and Vertex announced that discussions with the FDA have concluded, and the FDA granted exa-cel a rolling review for the potential treatment of SCD and TDT. The exa-cel biologics licensing application will be submitted for rolling review, beginning in November 2022 and the parties expect the submission to be complete by the end of the first quarter of 2023. Discussions were previously completed with the European Medicines Agency and the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency on the data required to support marketing applications for exa-cel and such applications are on track for submission by the end of 2022.

In addition, building upon exa-cel, we have next-generation efforts in targeted conditioning and in vivo editing of hematopoietic stem cells, either of which could broaden the number of patients that can benefit from our therapies.

~~In addition, we~~We are developing ~~our own~~a portfolio of wholly-owned CAR-T cell product candidates based on our gene-editing technology.

CTX110. Our lead immuno-oncology product candidate, CTX110, is a healthy donor-derived gene-edited allogeneic CAR-T investigational therapy targeting Cluster of Differentiation 19, or CD19. CTX110 is being investigated in an ongoing Phase 1 single-arm, multi-center, open-label clinical trial, CARBON, that is designed to assess the safety and efficacy of several dose levels of CTX110 in adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-cell malignancies who have received at least two prior lines of therapy. CTX110 has been granted RMAT designation by the FDA.

In the fourth quarter of 2021, we released updated clinical data from the ongoing CARBON trial for 26 patients treated with CTX110 who had reached at least 28 days of follow-up.

~~CTX120~~. CTX120 is a healthy donor-derived gene-edited allogeneic CAR-T investigational therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen. CTX120 is being investigated in an ongoing Phase 1 single-arm, multi-center, open-label clinical trial that is designed to assess the safety and efficacy of several dose levels of CTX120 for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. CTX120 has received Orphan Drug Designation from the FDA.

CTX130. CTX130 is a healthy donor-derived gene-edited allogeneic CAR-T investigational therapy targeting Cluster of Differentiation 70, or CD70, an antigen expressed on various solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. CTX130 is being ~~developed for the treatment of both solid tumors, such as renal cell carcinoma, and T-cell and B-cell hematologic malignancies. CTX130 is being~~ investigated in two ongoing independent Phase 1 single-arm, multi-center, open-label clinical trials that are designed to assess the safety and efficacy of several dose levels of CTX130 in adult patients. The COBALT™-LYM trial is evaluating the safety and efficacy of CTX130 for the treatment of relapsed or refractory T or B cell malignancies. The COBALT-RCC trial is evaluating the safety and efficacy of CTX130 for the treatment of relapsed or refractory renal cell ~~carcinoma and various types of lymphoma, respectively.~~carcinoma. CTX130 ~~for the treatment of T-cell lymphoma~~ has received Orphan Drug Designation from the FDA for the treatment of T cell lymphoma and RMAT designation for the treatment of Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome (MF/SS). In the second quarter of 2022, at the European Hematology Association Congress, we released initial clinical data from the ongoing COBALT-LYM trial for 18 patients with T cell lymphoma treated with CTX130 who had reached at least 28 days of follow-up. Also in the second quarter of 2022, we released preliminary clinical data from the COBALT-RCC trial for 14 patients.

Our CRISPR/Cas9 platform enables us to innovate continuously by incorporating incremental edits into next-generation products. We are advancing multiple next-generation CAR-T product candidates, including CTX112 targeting CD19 and CTX131TM targeting CD70, which incorporate additional edits designed to enhance CAR-T potency; and in the third quarter of 2022, the Investigational New Drug Application for CTX112 was cleared by the FDA. In addition, as we previously disclosed, following our June 2022 disclosure of high-level data from our Phase 1 clinical trial investigating CTX120TM, a healthy donor-derived gene-edited allogeneic CAR-T investigational therapy targeting B-cell maturation antigen, or BCMA, for the treatment of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma, we announced plans to pivot to a next-generation allogeneic CAR-T targeting BCMA, CTX121TM, which incorporates proprietary edits to enhance the potency of the CAR-T cells.

Regenerative medicine, or the use of stem cells to repair or replace tissue or organ function lost due to disease, damage or age, holds the potential to treat both rare and common diseases. We are pursuing ~~gene-editing approaches to allow~~ allogeneic ~~use of~~ stem cell-derived therapies ~~by enabling~~using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing to enable immune evasion, ~~improving existing~~improve cell function, and ~~directing~~direct cell ~~fate using CRISPR/Cas9.~~

fate. Our first major effort in this area is in diabetes, and we and ViaCyte, Inc., or ViaCyte, are advancing a ~~program~~series of programs as part of a strategic collaboration for the discovery, development, and commercialization of gene-edited stem cell therapies for the treatment of diabetes.

~~VCTX210~~.We have a multi-staged product strategy that leverages our CRISPR/Cas9 platform to advance multiple product candidates incorporating incremental edits designed to increase benefit. Our initial product candidate, VCTX210, is an investigational, allogeneic, gene-edited, immune-evasive, stem cell-derived product candidate for the treatment of type 1 diabetes, or T1D, developed by applying our gene-editing technology to ViaCyte’s proprietary stem cell capabilities. VCTX210 has gene edits designed to promote immune evasion and cell fitness. We and ViaCyte are investigating VCTX210 in an ongoing Phase 1 clinical trial that is designed to assess VCTX210’s safety, tolerability, and immune evasion in patients with T1D. Our next product candidate, VCTX211, an allogeneic, gene-edited, stem cell-derived product candidate for the treatment of T1D, incorporates additional gene edits that aim to further enhance cell fitness. In the third quarter of 2022, the Clinical Trial Application for VCTX211 was cleared by Health Canada.

~~In addition to our~~Our exin vivo ~~programs, we are pursuing~~gene editing strategy focuses on gene disruption and whole gene correction – the two technologies required to address ~90% of the most prevalent severe monogenic diseases. We have established a ~~number of~~leading platform for in vivo ~~gene-editing programs. Our initial~~ gene disruption, starting in ~~vivo~~ ~~applications target~~the liver. We plan to advance a broad portfolio of programs across both rare and common diseases with this platform, starting with cardiovascular diseases. Gene editing has the potential to shift the treatment paradigm for cardiovascular diseases by recapitulating the proven benefit of ~~the liver, lung, muscle and central nervous system and leverage well-established delivery technologies for gene-based therapeutics, such as~~natural human genetic variants in a single-dose format. In addition, we continue to develop an expansive whole gene correction platform, starting with lipid ~~nanoparticle-based delivery vehicles,~~nanoparticles, or ~~LNPs, and~~LNP, plus adeno-associated viral vectors, or AAV, ~~vectors.~~in the liver and advancing to AAV-free, HDR-independent methodologies.

Given the numerous potential therapeutic applications for CRISPR/Cas9, we have partnered strategically to broaden the indications we can pursue and accelerate development of programs by accessing specific technologies and/or disease-area expertise. We maintain broad partnerships to develop gene editing-based therapeutics in specific disease areas.

Vertex. We established our initial collaboration agreement in 2015 with Vertex, which focused on TDT, SCD, cystic fibrosis and select additional indications. In December 2017, we entered into a joint development and commercialization agreement with Vertex pursuant to which, among other things, we are co-developing and preparing to co-commercialize ~~CTX001~~exa-cel for TDT and SCD. In April 2021, we and Vertex agreed to amend and restate our existing joint development and commercialization agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, we will continue to develop and prepare to commercialize ~~CTX001~~exa-cel for TDT and SCD in partnership with Vertex. We also entered into a strategic collaboration and license agreement with Vertex in June 2019 for the development and commercialization of products for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and myotonic dystrophy type 1.

ViaCyte. We entered into a research and collaboration agreement in September 2018 with ViaCyte to pursue the discovery, development and commercialization of gene-edited allogeneic stem cell therapies for the treatment of diabetes, and in July 2021, we entered into a joint development and commercialization agreement with ~~ViaCyte.~~ViaCyte, or the ViaCyte JDCA. In connection with entering into the ViaCyte JDCA, our existing research collaboration agreement with ViaCyte expired in accordance with its terms. Under the ~~joint development and commercialization agreement,~~ViaCyte JDCA, we and ViaCyte ~~will~~are jointly ~~develop~~developing and will commercialize product candidates and shared products for use in the treatment of diabetes type 1, diabetes type 2 and insulin dependent/requiring diabetes, or the ViaCyte Collaboration Field, throughout the world. The ViaCyte JDCA includes, among other things, provisions relating to collaboration and program governance, clinical activities for the product candidates and shared products under the agreement and continuing research by the parties in the ViaCyte Collaboration Field. Unless otherwise mutually agreed, research costs incurred by a party will be solely borne by such party. The program expenses, as originally set forth in the research and collaboration agreement, as applicable, incurred through the date of first commercial sale of a shared product will be allocated 60% to us and 40% to ViaCyte. Following first commercial sale of a shared product, such program expenses will be shared equally between us and ViaCyte. Shared product revenues will be shared equally by us and ViaCyte. In the third quarter of 2022, Vertex announced it had acquired ViaCyte.

Bayer. InWe entered into an option agreement in the fourth quarter of 2019 ~~we entered into a series of transactions, or the~~with Bayer Transaction, pursuant to which we and Bayer terminated our 2015 agreement, which created the joint venture, Casebia Therapeutics Limited Liability Partnership, or Casebia, to discover, develop and commercialize CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing therapeutics to treat the genetic causes of bleeding disorders, autoimmune disease, blindness, hearing loss and heart disease. In connection thereto, Casebia became a wholly-owned subsidiary of ours. We and Bayer also entered into a new option agreement pursuant to which Bayer has an option to co-develop and co-commercialize two products that we advance for the diagnosis, treatment or prevention of certain autoimmune disorders, eye disorders, or hemophilia A disorders for a specified period of time, or, under certain circumstances, exclusively license such optioned products.

~~Nkarta~~Other Partnerships. ~~In the second quarter of 2021, we~~We have entered into a ~~research~~number of additional collaborations and ~~collaboration agreement with~~license agreements to support and complement our hematopoietic stem cell, immuno-oncology, regenerative medicine and in vivo programs and platform, including agreements with: Nkarta, Inc.~~, or Nkarta,~~ to ~~bring together our gene editing technology~~co-develop and T-cell expertise with Nkarta’s leading natural killer, or NK, cell discovery, development and manufacturing capabilities. Under the collaboration, we and Nkarta are co-developing and co-commercializingco-commercialize two donor-derived, gene-edited CAR-NK cell product candidates ~~one of which targets CD70,~~ and a product candidate combining NK and T ~~cells.~~

~~Capsida. In the second quarter of 2021, we entered into a strategic collaboration agreement with~~cells; Capsida Biotherapeutics, Inc.~~, or Capsida,~~ to develop in vivo gene editing therapies delivered with engineered AAV vectors for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ~~or ALS,~~ and Friedreich’s ~~ataxia. Under~~ataxia; Moffitt Cancer Center and Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center to advance autologous CAR-T programs against new targets; MaxCyte, Inc. on ex vivo delivery for our hemoglobinopathy and immuno-oncology programs; CureVac AG on optimized mRNA constructs and manufacturing for certain in vivo programs; and KSQ Therapeutics, Inc. on intellectual property for our allogeneic immuno-oncology programs.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic continues to have unpredictable impacts on global societies, economies, financial markets, and business practices around the ~~agreement, we lead research~~world. The extent and ~~development~~duration of such effects remain uncertain and difficult to predict, particularly as virus variants continue to spread. We are actively monitoring and managing our response and evaluating the ~~Friedreich’s ataxia program~~actual and ~~perform gene-editing activities for both~~potential impacts to our business operations, including on our ongoing and planned clinical trials. We will continue to work closely with our third-party vendors, collaborators, and other parties in order to seek to advance our programs and ~~Capsida leads research~~pipeline of product candidates, while keeping the health and ~~development~~safety of ~~the ALS program~~our employees and ~~conducts capsid engineering~~their families, partners, third-party vendors, healthcare providers, patients and communities a top priority. Please refer to our Risk Factors in Part II, Item IA of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for ~~both programs. Capsida’s high-throughput AAV engineering platform aims to generate capsids optimized to target specific tissue types and limits transduction~~further discussion of ~~tissues and cell types that are not relevant~~risks related to the target disease, potentially improving the activity and tolerability of our gene editing investigational therapies. We and Capsida each have the option to co-develop and co-commercialize the program that the other leads.COVID-19 pandemic.

Since our inception in October 2013, we have devoted substantially all of our resources to our research and development efforts, identifying potential product candidates, undertaking drug discovery and preclinical development activities, building and protecting our intellectual property estate, organizing and staffing our company, business planning, raising capital and providing general and administrative support for these operations. To date, we have primarily financed our operations through private placements of our preferred shares, common share issuances, convertible loans and collaboration agreements with strategic partners.

While we were in a net income position in certain previous years due to ~~upfront~~certain payments associated with our collaborations with Vertex, we have a history of recurring losses and expect to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future. Our net losses may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We anticipate that our expenses will increase significantly as we continue our current research programs and development activities; seek to identify additional research programs and additional product candidates; conduct initial drug application supporting preclinical studies and initiate clinical trials for our product candidates; initiate preclinical testing and clinical trials for any other product candidates we identify and develop; maintain, ~~expand~~defend, protect and ~~protect~~expand our intellectual property estate; further develop our gene editing platform; hire additional research, clinical and scientific personnel; incur facilities costs associated with such personnel growth; develop manufacturing infrastructure and conduct related regulatory validation activities; and incur additional costs associated with operating as a public company. ~~Please refer to Part I, Item 2 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 15, 2022 for more information about these facilities.~~

We have not generated any revenue to date from product sales and do not expect to do so in the near future. Revenue recognized for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 ~~and 2021~~ was not material. Revenue recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $0.8 million and $902.1 million, respectively. For additional information about our revenue recognition policy, see Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 15, 2022, as well as Note 7 of the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs incurred for our research activities, including our product discovery efforts and the development of our product candidates, which include:

Our external research and development expenses support our various preclinical and clinical programs, and as such we do not break down external research and development expenses further. Our internal research and development expenses consist of payroll and benefits expenses, facilities expense, and other indirect research and development expenses incurred in support of overall research and development activities and as such are not allocated to a specific development stage or therapeutic area. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Nonrefundable advance payments for research and development goods or services to be received in the future are deferred and capitalized. The capitalized amounts are expensed as the related goods are delivered or the services are performed. At this time, we cannot reasonably estimate or know the nature, timing or estimated costs of the efforts that will be necessary to complete the development of any product candidates we may identify and develop. This is due to the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing such product candidates, including the uncertainty of:

A change in the outcome of any of these variables with respect to the development of any product candidates or the subsequent commercialization of any product candidates we may successfully develop could significantly change the costs, timing and viability associated with the development of that product candidate.

Except for activities we perform in connection with our collaborations with Vertex and ViaCyte, as well as in connection with the Bayer Transaction, we do not track research and development costs on a program-by-program basis.

Research and development activities are central to our business model. We expect ~~our~~to continue to incur research and development costs toconsistent with research and development at companies of our size and stage of development, which may increase ~~significantly for~~in the foreseeable future as our current development programs progress, new programs are added and as we continue to prepare regulatory filings. These increases will likely include the costs related to the implementation and expansion of clinical trial sites and related patient enrollment, monitoring, program management and manufacturing expenses for current and future clinical trials.

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee related expenses, including salaries, benefits and equity-based compensation, for personnel in executive, finance, accounting, business development and human resources functions. Other significant costs include ~~pre-commercial expenses associated with our collaboration with Vertex,~~ facility costs not otherwise included in research and development expenses, legal fees relating to patent and corporate matters and fees for accounting and consulting services.

We ~~anticipate that our~~expect to continue to incur general and administrative expenses ~~will~~consistent with research and development at companies of our size and stage of development, which may increase in the future to support continued research and development activities, and potential commercialization of our product candidates. In addition, we anticipate ~~increased~~ongoing expenses related to the reimbursements of third-party patent related expenses in connection with certain of our in-licensed intellectual ~~property.~~property, including related to the appeal of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office’s Patent and Trial Appeal Board’s February 2022 Decision of Priority and Judgment in an interference declared in June 2019 between Dr. Emmanuelle Charpentier, the University of Vienna and the Regents of the University of California, or collectively, the CVC Group, and the Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and, in some instances, the President and Fellows of Harvard College, or collectively, the Broad, finding that Broad has priority over CVC Group with respect to the subject matter of the interference.

Collaboration expense, net, consists of operating expenses under our collaboration ~~costs~~with Vertex. We will continue to incur operating expenses under our collaboration with Vertex in 2022. However, we anticipate that our operating expenses will exceed the specified maximum amount per year set forth in the A&R Vertex JDCA before year end, at which time we may defer a portion of our share of current year operating expenses on the exa-cel program under our collaboration with Vertex.

Other income (expense), net consists primarily of interest income earned on investments.

Comparison of three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021 (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Period to Period			Three Months Ended September 30,						Period to Period
	2022			2021			Change			2022			2021			Change
Revenue:
Collaboration revenue	$	178		$	202		$	(24	)	$	94		$	329		$	(235	)
Grant revenue		762			337			425			—			495			(495	)
Total revenue		940			539			401			94			824			(730	)
Operating expenses:
Research and development		118,245			70,620			47,625			116,622			83,500			33,122
General and administrative		28,021			24,517			3,504			27,001			23,709			3,292
Collaboration expense, net		30,646			19,945			10,701			38,859			22,464			16,395
Total operating expenses		176,912			115,082			61,830			182,482			129,673			52,809
Loss from operations		(175,972	)		(114,543	)		(61,429	)		(182,388	)		(128,849	)		(53,539	)
Other income, net		363			1,955			(1,592	)		7,264			1,101			6,163
Net loss before income taxes		(175,609	)		(112,588	)		(63,021	)
Provision for income taxes		(3,608	)		(575	)		(3,033	)
Loss before income taxes											(175,124	)		(127,748	)		(47,376	)
Benefit for income taxes											575			595			(20	)
Net loss	$	(179,217	)	$	(113,163	)	$	(66,054	)	$	(174,549	)	$	(127,153	)	$	(47,396	)

Collaboration revenue for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021 was not material. Please refer to Note 7 of the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information.

Research and development expenses were ~~$118.2~~$116.6 million for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, compared to ~~$70.6~~$83.5 million for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. The following table summarizes our research and development expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, together with the changes in those items in dollars (in thousands):

The increase of approximately ~~$47.6~~$33.1 million was primarily attributable to the following:

General and administrative expenses were $27.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to general and administrative expenses of $23.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase in general and administrative expenses of $3.3 million was primarily attributable to increased employee-related expenses.

Collaboration expense, net, was $38.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $22.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The increase of approximately $16.4 million was primarily attributable to increased manufacturing and other pre-commercial costs.

Other income was $7.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $1.1 million of income for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The change was primarily due to interest income earned on cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Collaboration revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was not material. Collaboration revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $900.7 million which was primarily associated with the $900.0 million upfront payment from Vertex in connection with the A&R Vertex JDCA. Please refer to Note 7 of the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information.

Research and development expenses were $358.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $237.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The following table summarizes our research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, together with the changes in those items in dollars (in thousands):

The increase of approximately $120.6 million was primarily attributable to the following:

General and administrative expenses were ~~$28.0~~$81.3 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, compared to ~~$24.5~~$76.0 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. The increase of approximately ~~$3.5~~$5.3 million was primarily attributable to increased employee-related expenses.

Collaboration expense, net, was $103.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $69.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The increase of approximately $34.0 million was primarily attributable to the following:

Collaboration expense, net, was $30.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, compared to $19.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. The increase of approximately $10.7 million was primarily attributable to the following:

Other income was ~~$0.4~~$11.2 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, compared to ~~$2.0~~$3.8 million of income for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. The change was primarily due to interest income earned on cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of approximately ~~$2,221.3~~$1,973.1 million, of which approximately ~~$395.7~~$29.2 million was held outside of the United States.

In August 2019, we entered into an Open Market Sale AgreementSM with Jefferies LLC, or Jefferies, under which we are able to offer and sell, from time to time at our sole discretion through Jefferies, as our sales agent, our common shares, par value of CHF 0.03 per share, or the August 2019 Sales Agreement. In January 2021, in connection with the August 2019 Sales Agreement, we filed a prospectus supplement with the SEC to offer and sell from time to time common shares having aggregate gross proceeds of up to $600.0 million. In July 2021, we filed a new prospectus supplement with the SEC, which replaced the previous prospectus supplement filed in January 2021, to offer and sell, from time to time, the common shares remaining under the original prospectus supplement having aggregate gross proceeds of up to $419.8 million, or, together with the January 2021 prospectus supplement, the 2021 ATM. ~~No shares were~~As of September 30, 2022, we have issued and sold an aggregate of 1.1 million common shares under the 2021 ATM at an average price of $168.79 per share for ~~the three months ended March 31, 2022.~~aggregate proceeds of $178.8 million, which were net of equity issuance costs of $2.4 million.

We have predominantly incurred losses and cumulative negative cash flows from operations since our inception. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, we had ~~$2,221.3~~$1,973.1 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities and an accumulated deficit of ~~$375.1~~$735.5 million. We anticipate that we will continue to incur losses for at least the next several years. We expect ~~that our~~to continue to incur research and development costs and general and administrative expenses ~~will continue to increase~~consistent with research and development at companies of our size and stage of development, and, as a result, we will need additional capital to fund our operations, which we may raise through public or private equity or debt financings, strategic collaborations, or other sources.

Our primary uses of capital are, and we expect will continue to be, research and development activities, manufacturing activities, compensation and related expenses, laboratory and related supplies, legal and other regulatory expenses, patent prosecution filing, defense and intellectual property maintenance costs, ~~for our licensed intellectual property~~ and general overhead costs, including costs associated with operating as a public company. We expect ~~our~~to continue to incur operating expenses ~~to increase compared to prior periods in connection~~consistent with ~~our ongoing activities, particularly as we continue~~ research and development at companies of our size and ~~preclinical~~stage of development, which may increase in the future to support continued research and ~~clinical~~development activities, and ~~initiate preclinical studies to support initial drug applications. We also anticipate that we will incur significant capital expenditures as we develop~~potential commercialization of our ~~manufacturing infrastructure and facilities.~~product candidates.

Because most of our ~~research~~ programs are still in early stages of development and the outcome of these efforts is uncertain, we cannot estimate the actual amounts necessary to successfully complete the development, manufacture and commercialization of any current or future product candidates, if approved, or whether, or when, we may achieve profitability. Until such time as we can generate substantial product revenues, if ever, we expect to finance our cash needs through a combination of equity financings, debt financings and payments received in connection with our collaboration agreements. We are eligible to earn payments, in each case, on a per-product basis under our collaboration with Vertex. Except for this source of funding, we do not have any committed external source of liquidity. We intend to consider opportunities to raise additional funds through the sale of equity or debt securities when market conditions are favorable to us to do so. However, the trading prices for our common shares and other biopharmaceutical companies have been highly volatile. As a result, we may face difficulties raising capital through sales of our common shares or such sales may be on unfavorable terms. In addition, a recession, depression or other sustained adverse market event, including resulting from the continued spread of the coronavirus, could materially and adversely affect our business and the value of our common shares. To the extent that we raise additional capital through the future sale of equity or debt securities, the ownership interests of our shareholders will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our existing shareholders. If we raise additional funds through collaboration arrangements in the future, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies, future revenue streams or product candidates or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to us. If we are unable to raise additional funds through equity or debt financings when needed, we may be required to delay, limit, reduce or terminate our product development or future commercialization efforts or grant rights to develop and market product candidates that we would otherwise prefer to develop and market ourselves.

Based on our research and development plans and our timing expectations related to the progress of our programs, we expect our existing cash will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditures for at least the next 24 months without giving effect to any additional proceeds we may receive under our collaboration with Vertex and any other capital raising transactions we may complete. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could use our capital resources sooner than we expect. Given our need for additional financing to support the long-term clinical development of our programs, we intend to consider additional financing opportunities when market terms are favorable to us.

Our ability to generate revenue and achieve profitability depends significantly on our success in many areas, including: developing our delivery technologies and our gene-editing technology platform; selecting appropriate product candidates to develop; completing research and preclinical and clinical development of selected product candidates; obtaining regulatory approvals and marketing authorizations for product candidates for which we complete clinical trials; developing a sustainable and scalable manufacturing process for product candidates; launching and commercializing product candidates for which we obtain regulatory approvals and marketing authorizations, either directly or with a collaborator or distributor; obtaining market acceptance of our product candidates, if approved; addressing any competing technological and market developments; negotiating favorable terms in any collaboration, licensing or other arrangements into which we may enter; maintaining good relationships with our collaborators and licensors; maintaining, defending, protecting and expanding our estate of intellectual property rights, including patents, trade secrets and know-how; and attracting, hiring and retaining qualified personnel.

The following table provides information regarding our cash flows for each of the periods below (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Period to Period			Nine Months Ended September 30,						Period to Period
	2022			2021			Change			2022			2021			Change
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(135,239	)	$	(100,663	)	$	(34,576	)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities										$	(382,413	)	$	625,010		$	(1,007,423	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(114,515	)		(167,898	)		53,383			(83,123	)		(1,026,714	)		943,591
Net cash provided by financing activities		10,649			225,991			(215,342	)		36,114			244,646			(208,532	)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(27	)		5			(32	)		(195	)		(14	)		(181	)
Net decrease in cash	$	(239,132	)	$	(42,565	)	$	(196,567	)	$	(429,617	)	$	(157,072	)	$	(272,545	)

Net cash used in operating activities was ~~$135.2~~$382.4 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, compared to cash ~~used in~~provided by operating activities of ~~$100.7~~$625.0 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. The increase in cash used in operating activities of ~~$34.5~~$1,007.4 million was primarily driven by an increase in net loss of ~~$66.1~~$1,058.5 million, from a net ~~loss~~income of ~~$113.2~~$518.9 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 to net loss of ~~$179.2~~$539.6 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022. The increase in cash used in operations was offset by an increase in non-cash expense of ~~$11.0~~$8.0 million, primarily related to an increase in ~~stock compensation,~~ fixed asset depreciation and amortization of premiums and discounts on marketable securities, as well as a ~~$20.5~~$43.1 million increase in net changes of operating assets and liabilities.

Net cash used in investing activities for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 was ~~$114.5~~$83.1 million, compared to ~~$167.9~~$1,026.7 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. The decrease in net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of ~~a reduction~~an increase in marketable securities maturities, ~~offset by~~in addition to a reduction of purchases of marketable securities and property and equipment.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 was ~~$10.6~~$36.1 million, compared with ~~$226.0~~$244.6 million for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021. Net cash provided by financing activities for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 consisted of option exercise proceeds, net of issuance costs. Net cash provided by financing activities for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2021 consisted primarily of ~~$222.1~~$219.9 million ofin net ~~cash~~ proceeds ~~related to~~from the ~~issuance~~sale of 1.4 million common shares issued in connection with our 2021 ~~ATM. No shares were issued~~ATM, which was net of $3.1 million of equity issuance costs and ~~sold under the 2021 ATM for the three months ended March 31, 2022.~~$2.2 million of stamp taxes, as well as option exercise proceeds, net of issuance costs.

This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our financial statements, which we have prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We believe that several accounting policies are important to understanding our historical and future performance. We refer to these policies as critical because these specific areas generally require us to make judgments and estimates about matters that are uncertain at the time we make the estimate, and different estimates—which also would have been reasonable—could have been used. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those described in greater detail below. We base our estimates on historical experience and other market-specific or other relevant assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We believe that our most critical accounting policies are those relating to revenue recognition, variable interest entities and equity-based compensation, and there have been no changes to our accounting policies discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 15, 2022.

Refer to Note 1 of the notes to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements.

We are exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, we had cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities of ~~$2,221.3~~$1,973.1 million, primarily invested in U.S. treasury securities and government agency securities, corporate bonds, commercial paper and money market accounts invested in U.S. government agency securities. Due to the conservative nature of these instruments, we do not believe that we have a material exposure to interest rate risk. If interest rates were to increase or decrease by 1%, the fair value of our investment portfolio would increase or decrease by an immaterial amount.

As a result of our foreign operations, we face exposure to movements in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily the Swiss Franc and British Pound, against the U.S. dollar. The current exposures arise primarily from cash, accounts payable and intercompany receivables and payables. Changes in foreign exchange rates affect our consolidated statement of operations and distort comparisons between periods. To date, foreign currency transaction gains and losses have not been material to our financial statements, and we have not engaged in any foreign currency hedging transactions.

Inflation generally affects us by increasing our cost of labor, clinical trial and manufacturing costs. We do not believe that inflation had a material effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 is (1) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934). Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded based upon the evaluation described above that, as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

During the quarter ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

In the ordinary course of business, we are from time to time involved in lawsuits, investigations, proceedings and threats of litigation related to, among other things, our intellectual property estate (including certain in-licensed intellectual property), commercial arrangements and other matters. Such proceedings may include quasi-litigation, inter partes administrative proceedings in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the European Patent Office involving our intellectual property estate including certain in-licensed intellectual property. There are currently no claims or actions pending against us that, in the opinion of our management, are likely to have a material adverse effect on our business.

There have been no material developments with respect to the legal proceedings previously disclosed in “Item 3. Legal Proceedings” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the SEC on February 15, 2022.

In addition to the risks described in our Annual Report on Form ~~10-Kan,~~10-K, you should carefully consider the other information set forth in this Form 10-Q and the information in our other filings with the SEC, as they could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results of operations. There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A (Risk Factors) of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The exhibits filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are set forth in the Exhibit Index below.

+ The certification attached as Exhibit 32.1 that accompany this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of CRISPR Therapeutics AG under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date of this Form 10-Q, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


Switzerland	Not Applicable
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Baarerstrasse 14 6300 Zug, Switzerland	Not Applicable
(Address of principal executive offices)	(~~zip code)~~Zip Code)


Title of each class	Trading ~~Symbol~~Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares, nominal value CHF 0.03	CRSP	The Nasdaq Global Market


	Page Number
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	2

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021	2

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive ~~Loss~~(Loss) Income for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021	3

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021	4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2022 and 2021	5

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	6

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	1617

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	2427

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	2528

PART II: OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	2629

Item 1A. Risk Factors	2629

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	2629

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	2629

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	2629

Item 5. Other Information	2629

Item 6. Exhibits	2730

SIGNATURES	2831


	As of						As of
	March 31,			December 31,			September 30,			December 31,
	2022			2021			2022			2021
Computer equipment	$	1,943		$	1,757		$	3,479		$	1,757
Furniture, fixtures and other		4,371			4,371			7,850			4,371
Laboratory equipment		34,705			30,123			36,231			30,123
Leasehold improvements		86,401			86,735			141,914			86,735
Construction work in process		73,866			52,396			4,604			52,396
Total property and equipment, gross		201,286			175,382			194,078			175,382
Accumulated depreciation		(43,833	)		(37,807	)		(27,968	)		(37,807	)
Total property and equipment, net	$	157,453		$	137,575		$	166,110		$	137,575


	As of				As of
	March 31,		December 31,		September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Payroll and employee-related costs	$	8,780	$	23,661	$	18,906	$	23,661
Research costs		49,925		47,986		69,485		47,986
Licensing fees		533		138		1,239		138
Professional fees		4,456		4,720		4,834		4,720
Intellectual property costs		4,345		6,120		3,790		6,120
Accrued property and equipment		2,321		7,113		3,966		7,113
Other		2,272		1,265		734		1,265
Total	$	72,632	$	91,003	$	102,954	$	91,003


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


Large Accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

		Emerging growth company	☐


Exhibit Number		Description of Document

31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.1*+		Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.

101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104*		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101.*)


	CRISPR Therapeutics AG

Dated: ~~May 9,~~November 1, 2022	By:	/s/ Samarth Kulkarni
		Samarth Kulkarni
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Dated: ~~May 9,~~November 1, 2022	By:	/s/ Brendan Smith
		Brendan Smith
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)