UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

 

 

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30,MARCH 31, 20232024

 

 

 

 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM  TO

 

Commission file number 000-56577

 

 

img30849293_0.jpg 

 

 

STARWOOD CREDIT REAL ESTATE INCOME TRUST

(Exact name of Registrant as specified its Charter)

 

2340 Collins Avenue

 

Maryland

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

Miami Beach, FL 33139

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

82-202340993-6487687

(I.R.S. Employer

 Identification No.)

 

(305) 695-5500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (305)695-5500code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Title of each class

Trading

Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☐ NoYes No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

 

 

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No

As of November 14, 2023,May 10, 2024, the registrantissuer had the following shares outstanding: 503,487,343 shares of Class S common shares, $0.01 par value outstanding.1,634,831 shares of Class E common shares, and 2,136,163 shares of Class I common shares. There are no outstanding shares of Class T common shares or Class D common shares.

 

 


 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

2

Item 1. Financial Statements

2

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited):

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023

2

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

3

 

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTSCondensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Redeemable Common Shares and Shareholders' Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

34

 

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSCondensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

115

 

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKNotes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

196

 

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURESItem 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

2017

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

27

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

28

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

 

2130

 

ITEMItem 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGSLegal Proceedings

 

2130

 

ITEMItem 1A. RISK FACTORSRisk Factors.

 

2130

 

ITEMItem 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIESUnregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

 

2130

 

ITEMItem 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

 

2130

 

ITEMItem 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.Mine Safety Disclosure

 

2130

 

ITEMItem 5. OTHER INFORMATION.Other Information

 

2231

 

ITEMItem 6. EXHIBITSExhibits and Financial Statements.

 

2432

SIGNATURES

 

2533

 

21


 

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEMItem 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTSFinancial Statements

Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Condensed Consolidated Balance SheetSheets (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except for share and per share data)

 

 

September 30, 2023

 

Assets

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

1,000

 

Total assets

 

1,000

 

Liabilities and Equity

 

 

Total liabilities

 

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 7)

 

 

Redeemable common shares

 

1,000

 

Equity

 

 

Total equity

 

 

Total liabilities and equity

$

1,000

 

 

 

As of March 31, 2024

 

 

As of December 31, 2023

 

ASSETS

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

2,957

 

 

$

777

 

Loans receivable, at fair value

 

 

251,387

 

 

 

158,288

 

Accrued interest receivable

 

 

1,389

 

 

 

214

 

Prepaid expenses

 

 

125

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

255,858

 

 

$

159,279

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans payable, at fair value

 

$

164,869

 

 

$

120,196

 

Due to advisor

 

 

7,847

 

 

 

4,497

 

Interest payable

 

 

556

 

 

 

305

 

Distribution payable

 

 

549

 

 

 

246

 

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

 

 

247

 

 

 

140

 

Total liabilities

 

 

174,068

 

 

 

125,384

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 6)

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

Redeemable common shares - Class E shares, par value $0.01 per share; 1,628,286 and 1,603,050 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively

 

 

32,873

 

 

 

32,199

 

Equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common shares - Class S shares, par value $0.01 per share; 1,969,181 and 259,750 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively

 

 

20

 

 

 

3

 

Common shares - Class I shares, par value $0.01 per share; 868,544 and 67,050 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively

 

 

9

 

 

 

1

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

 

51,179

 

 

 

3,683

 

Accumulated deficit and cumulative distributions

 

 

(2,291

)

 

 

(1,991

)

Total shareholders' equity

 

 

48,917

 

 

 

1,696

 

Total liabilities, redeemable common shares, and equity

 

$

255,858

 

 

$

159,279

 

 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

32


 

Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations (Unaudited)

(in thousands, except for share and per share data)

For the Period from July 14, 2023 (date of initial capitalization) through September 30, 2023

Revenue

Total revenue

$

Expenses

Total expenses

Net income (loss)

$

Net income (loss) per redeemable common share, basic and diluted

$

Weighted average redeemable common shares outstanding, basic and diluted

50

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

Revenues

 

 

 

Interest income

 

$

4,658

 

Other revenue

 

 

998

 

Total Revenues

 

 

5,656

 

Expenses

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

 

2,709

 

Professional fees

 

 

767

 

Financing fees

 

 

182

 

Management fees

 

 

60

 

Performance fees

 

 

128

 

General and administrative

 

 

64

 

Total Expenses

 

 

3,910

 

Unrealized gains (losses) from operations and financing

 

 

 

Unrealized loss on loans receivable

 

 

(783

)

Unrealized gain on loans payable

 

 

77

 

Total unrealized loss from operations and financing, net

 

 

(706

)

Net income

 

$

1,040

 

Net income per common share, basic

 

$

0.29

 

Net income per common share, diluted

 

$

0.29

 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic

 

 

3,610,109

 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding, diluted

 

 

3,610,758

 

The Company was formed on June 28, 2023 and accordingly there were no operations during the first quarter of 2023.

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

43


 

Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Redeemable Common Shares and Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

 

 

 

Redeemable Common Shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares

 

 

Amount

 

 

Total Equity

 

Balance at July 14, 2023 (date of initial capitalization)

 

 

 

 

$

 

 

$

 

Redeemable common shares issued

 

 

50

 

 

 

1,000

 

 

 

 

Balance at September 30, 2023

 

 

50

 

 

$

1,000

 

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Redeemable Common Shares

 

 

 

Common Shares Class S

 

 

Common Shares Class I

 

 

Additional Paid-In Capital

 

 

Accumulated
Earnings (Deficit) and Cumulative Distributions

 

 

Total Shareholders' Equity

 

Balance at December 31, 2023

 

$

32,199

 

 

 

$

3

 

 

$

1

 

 

$

3,683

 

 

$

(1,991

)

 

$

1,696

 

Common shares issued

 

 

506

 

 

 

 

17

 

 

 

8

 

 

 

50,654

 

 

 

 

 

 

50,679

 

Offering costs

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(3,005

)

 

 

 

 

 

(3,005

)

Amortization of share grants

 

 

15

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

-

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1,040

 

 

 

1,040

 

Remeasurement of redeemable common shares

 

 

153

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(153

)

 

 

 

 

 

(153

)

Distributions declared on common shares

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1,340

)

 

 

(1,340

)

Balance at March 31, 2024

 

$

32,873

 

 

 

$

20

 

 

$

9

 

 

$

51,179

 

 

$

(2,291

)

 

$

48,917

 

 

The Company was formed on June 28, 2023 and accordingly there were no operations during the first quarter of 2023.

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

54


 

Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited)

(in thousands)

 

 

For the Period from
July 14, 2023 (date
of initial capitalization)
through
September 30, 2023

 

Cash flows from operating activities

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

$

 

Cash flows from investing activities

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities

 

 

 

Proceeds from the issuance of redeemable common shares

 

 

1,000

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

$

1,000

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

 

 

1,000

 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 

$

1,000

 

 

 

 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

1,040

 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

 

Unrealized gain on loans payable

 

 

(77

)

Unrealized loss on loans receivable

 

 

783

 

Financing fees

 

 

182

 

Amortization of share grants

 

 

15

 

Change in assets and liabilities

 

 

 

Increase in due to advisor

 

 

719

 

Increase in other assets

 

 

(1,300

)

Increase in other liabilities

 

 

358

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

 

1,720

 

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

Loan origination and funding activities

 

 

(93,882

)

Net cash used in investing activities

 

 

(93,882

)

 

 

 

 

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

 

 

 

Borrowings under loans payable

 

 

93,500

 

Financing fees

 

 

(182

)

Repayments of loans payable

 

 

(48,750

)

Contributions received from common shares issued

 

 

51,185

 

Offering costs

 

 

(374

)

Distributions

 

 

(1,037

)

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

 

94,342

 

 

 

 

 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

 

 

2,180

 

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

 

 

777

 

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

 

$

2,957

 

 

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

 

$

2,458

 

 

 

 

 

Non-cash activities:

 

 

 

Accrued shareholder servicing fee due to affiliate

 

$

2,623

 

Accrued offering costs due to affiliate

 

 

8

 

Distribution payable

 

 

303

 

 

 

 

 

The Company was formed on June 28, 2023 and accordingly there were no operations during the first quarter of 2023.

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements

6


5


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Organization and Business Purpose

Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust (the “Company”) was formed on June 28, 2023 as a Maryland statutory trust and intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Company was organized to originate, acquire, finance and manage a portfolio of primarily commercial real estate (“CRE”) debt investments, focused on senior secured, floating-rate CRE loans diversified across both geography and asset class. The Company’s CRE loans are expected to be primarily secured by properties located in the U.S., EuropeEuropean and AustraliaAustralian markets and include multifamily, industrial and select other CRE asset classes, such as student housing, self-storage, life science and data center assets. To a lesser extent, the Company also may invest in (1) other real asset lending strategies, including infrastructure loans and (2) other real estate-related debt and equity securities, including commercial mortgage-backed securities and collateralized loan obligations. The Company expects to beis externally managed by Starwood Credit Advisors, L.L.C. (the “Advisor”), an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Starwood Capital Group Holdings L.P. (together(“Starwood Holdings” and together with any entity that is controlled by, controls or is under common control with Starwood Capital Group Holdings L.P., “Starwood Capital” or the “Sponsor”). On July 14, 2023 (date of initial capitalization), the Company was capitalized with a $1,000 investment by Starwood Real Estate Income Holdings, L.P., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Sponsor. Because the Sponsor has the ability to cause the Company to repurchase the shares issued for this investment, the Company has classified these common shares as mezzanine equity on the Company’s Balance Sheet.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had neither purchased nor contracted to purchase any investments.

2. Capitalization

As of July 14, 2023, the Company was authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares classified as common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share (“common shares”), and an unlimited number of shares classified as preferred shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share. The Company intends to undertake a continuous, blind pool private offering, pursuant to which it will offer and sell its common shares to a limited number of accredited investors (as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended), including common shares classified as Class T shares, common shares classified as Class S shares, common shares classified as Class D shares, common shares classified as Class I shares, and common shares classified as Class E shares, (the “continuous private offering”). The share classes have different upfront selling commissions and ongoing shareholder servicing fees. The initial per share purchase price for the Company’s common shares in the continuous private offering will be $20.00 per share plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees. Thereafter, the purchase price per share for each class of our common shares will vary and will generally equal the Company’s prior month’s net asset value (“NAV”) per share, as calculated monthly, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees.

3. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”)for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Qrules and Rule 10-01regulations of Regulation S-X.the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring items, so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly. The preparation of thefairly and that estimates made in preparing its condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conformityconjunction with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the balance sheet. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents represent cash held in banks, cash on hand, and liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The Company’s cash at September 30, 2023 consists of demand deposits. Cash is carried at cost which approximates fair value. The Company may have bank balancesaudited consolidated financial statements included in the future that are in excess of federally insured amounts; however,Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Company deposits its cash and cash equivalentsfiscal year ended December 31, 2023 filed with high credit-quality institutions to minimize credit risk exposure.the SEC.

Fair Value Option

The Company has elected the fair value option for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities including CRE loans, infrastructure loans, real estate securities and liabilities associated with borrowing facilities. These financial assets and liabilities for which the Company has elected the fair value option are recorded in Loans receivable, at fair value and Loans payable, at fair value on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The fair value elections were made to create a more direct alignment between the Company’s financial reporting and the calculation of net asset valuevalues per share used to determine the prices at which investors can purchase and redeem shares of the Company’s common stock.shares (including redeemable common shares) of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share (“common shares”).

The decision to elect the fair value option is determined on an instrument-by-instrument basis and must be applied to an entire instrument and is irrevocable once elected. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value pursuant to this guidance are required to be reported separately on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet from those instruments using another accounting method.

7


The Company’s fair value option elections will be made in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”) that allows entities to make an irrevocable election of fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities. In the cases of loans and securities investments for which the fair value option is elected, loan origination fees and costs related to the origination or acquisition of the instrument should be immediately recognized in earnings.earnings on the condensed consolidated statement of operations within Other revenue. In the cases of debt facilities for which the fair value option is elected, financing fees related to the debt should be immediately recognized as an expense on the condensed consolidated statement of operations within Financing fees. Unrealized gains and losses on assets and liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected are also reported in earnings without deferral. This is because under the fair value option, a lender reports the instrument at its exit price (i.e., the price that would be received to sell the instrument in an orderly transaction), which reflects the market’s assessment of the instrument’s cash flows and risks and does not include any entity-specific costs or fees.

Organization and Offering Expenses

The Advisor has agreed to advance organization and offering expenses on behalf of the Company (including legal, accounting, and other expenses attributable to the organization, but excluding upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and shareholder servicing fees) through the first anniversary of the date of the initial closing of the continuous private offering. The Company will reimburse the Advisor for all such advanced expenses ratably over a 60-month period following the first anniversary of the initial closing of the continuous private offering.

As of September 30, 2023, the Advisor and its affiliates have incurred total organization and offering expenses on the Company’s behalf of approximately $2.0 million, composed of $0.3 million in organization costs and $1.7 million in offering costs. Organization costs are related to the legal and administrative aspects of forming the Company including costs incurred in drafting the Company’s governing documents, establishing the Company as a legal entity, and hiring service providers. Organization costs are generally expensed as incurred. Offering costs are related to the marketing and selling of the Company’s common shares including costs incurred in the preparation of the offering memorandum. These organization and offering expenses are not recorded in the accompanying financial statements because such costs are not the Company’s liability until the date of the initial closing of the continuous private offering. When recorded by the Company, organization expenses will be expensed as incurred, and offering expenses will be charged to shareholders’ equity. Any amount due to the Advisor but not paid will be recognized as a liability on the balance sheet.

Operating Expenses

The Advisor has agreed to advance certain of the Company’s operating expenses and costs through the initial closing of the continuous private offering. The Company will reimburse the Advisor for such advanced expenses ratably over the 60 months following the first anniversary of the initial closing of our continuous private offering. Operating expenses incurred after the first anniversary of the initial closing of our continuous private offering will be paid by the Company as incurred. As of September 30, 2023, $0.1 million in general and administrative expenses were incurred. These operating expenses are not recorded in the accompanying financial statements because such costs are not the Company’s liability until the date of the initial closing of the continuous private offering. When recorded by the Company, operating expenses will be expensed as incurred. Any amount due to the Advisor but not paid will be recognized as a liability on the balance sheet.

Income Taxes

The Company intends to make an electionelect to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, commencing with its taxable year ending December 31, 2023. IfSince the Company qualifiesexpects to qualify for taxation as a REIT, the Company generally willis not be subject to federal corporate income tax to the extent it distributes 90% of its taxable income to its shareholders. REITs are subject to a number of other organizational and operational requirements. Even ifthough the Company qualifiesexpects to qualify for taxation as a REIT, it may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income and property, and federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income.

4. Related Party TransactionsShare-based Payments

The Company intends to enter into an advisory agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) withrecognizes the Advisor. Pursuantcost of share-based compensation and payment transactions in the financial statements using the same expense category as would be charged for payments in cash. The fair value of the awards granted to the Advisory Agreement betweenCompany’s independent trustees is recorded to expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period for the entire award, with an offsetting increase in shareholders’ equity. For grants to

6


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

trustees, the fair value is determined based upon the NAV on the grant date. On December 1, 2023 the Company andgranted 3,002 restricted Class E shares to its independent trustees with a fair value of $60,040 based on the NAV per share as of December 1, 2023 that vest one year from the date of grant. For the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company recognized compensation expenses of $15,000. None of the shares granted to the trustees have vested as of March 31, 2024.

The Advisor has elected to receive Class E shares as payment for the performance fees earned. During the three months ending March 31, 2024, the Advisor earned performance fees of $0.1 million, which are to be paid to the Advisor will be responsiblein the form of 6,342 Class E shares in April 2024. The Class E shares issued to the Advisor as payment for sourcing, evaluatingperformance fees due are recorded as an increase to shareholders’ equity with an offsetting decrease to performance fees payable (Due to Advisor) on the date of the delivery of the shares. As discussed in Note 7 – “Redeemable Common Shares”, the Class E shares are classified in temporary equity and monitoringpresented as Redeemable common shares on the Company’s investment opportunities and making decisions relatedbalance sheets at values adjusted to equal what the acquisition, origination, management, financing and disposition ofredemption amount would be as if redemption were to occur at the Company’s assets, in accordance with the Company’s investment objectives, guidelines, policies and limitations, subject to oversightrelevant reporting date. No performance fees were earned by the Company’s boardAdvisor for the period ended December 31, 2023.

Concentration of trustees.Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash investments, single asset commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), loan investments and interest receivable. The Company may place cash investments in excess of insured amounts with high quality financial institutions. The Company performs ongoing analysis of credit risk concentrations in its investment portfolio by evaluation exposure to various markets, underlying property types, term, tenant mix and other credit metrics. As of March 31, 2024, the Company's assets included two CRE loans. Refer to Note 3- “Investment in Loans Receivable” for additional information.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Certain affiliatesOn November 27, 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. This ASU is effective for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 and interim quarters beginning in 2025, with early adoption permitted. It must be retrospectively applied to all prior periods presented. We do not expect this ASU will have a material impact on the Company.

On December 14, 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which improves income tax disclosures by primarily requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. This ASU is effective for our fiscal year ending December 31, 2025, with early adoption permitted. It is to be applied on a prospective basis, with retrospective application permitted. We do not expect this ASU will have a material impact on the Company’s income tax disclosures.

3. Investment in Loans Receivable

As of March 31, 2024, the Company's held for investment loan portfolio was as follows (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Description

 

Location

 

Origination Date

 

Weighted Average Interest Rate(1)

 

 

Loan Amount(2)

 

 

Principal Balance Outstanding

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Payment Terms

 

Maximum Maturity Date(3)

 

 

Multifamily

 

Houston, TX

 

2/9/2024

 

 

8.57

%

 

$

96,300

 

 

$

93,800

 

 

$

92,906

 

 

Monthly; I/O

 

2/11/2030

 

 

Multifamily

 

Hayward, CA

 

11/30/2023

 

 

8.57

%

 

$

185,050

 

 

$

160,082

 

 

$

158,481

 

 

Monthly; I/O

 

12/9/2028

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

281,350

 

 

$

253,882

 

 

$

251,387

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2023, the Company's held for investment loan portfolio was as follows (amounts in thousands):

Description

 

Location

 

Origination Date

 

Weighted Average Interest Rate(1)

 

 

Loan Amount(2)

 

 

Principal Balance Outstanding

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Payment Terms

 

Maximum Maturity Date(3)

 

Multifamily

 

Hayward, CA

 

11/30/2023

 

 

8.60

%

 

$

185,050

 

 

$

160,000

 

 

$

158,288

 

 

Monthly; I/O

 

12/9/2028

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

185,050

 

 

$

160,000

 

 

$

158,288

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) This column represents the weighted average interest rate for each loan as of period end. Loans earn interest at the one-month Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus a spread.

(2) Loan amounts consist of outstanding principal balance plus unfunded loan commitments for each loan.

(3) Maximum maturity date assumes all extension options are exercised by the borrower; however, loans may be repaid prior to such date. Extension options are subject to satisfaction of certain predefined conditions as defined in the respective loan agreements.

7


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

4. Loans Payable

The following table presents the value of loans payable as of the period ended March 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands):

Description

Weighted Average Interest Rate(2)

Maximum Facility Size

 

Available Capacity

 

Debt Amount Outstanding

 

Fair Value of Debt

 

Fair Value of Collateral

 

Current Maturity Date

Maximum Maturity Date

Repurchase Agreement (1)

7.58%

$

250,000

 

$

84,750

 

$

165,250

 

$

164,869

 

$

251,387

 

12/14/2025

12/14/2028

 

 

$

250,000

 

$

84,750

 

$

165,250

 

$

164,869

 

$

251,387

 

 

 

The following table presents the value of loans payable as of the period ended December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

Description

Weighted Average Interest Rate(2)

Maximum Facility Size

 

Available Capacity

 

Debt Amount Outstanding

 

Fair Value of Debt

 

Fair Value of Collateral

 

Current Maturity Date

Maximum Maturity Date

Repurchase Agreement (1)

7.61%

$

250,000

 

$

129,500

 

$

120,500

 

$

120,196

 

$

158,288

 

12/14/2025

12/14/2028

 

 

$

250,000

 

$

129,500

 

$

120,500

 

$

120,196

 

$

158,288

 

 

 

(1) The borrowing facility has up to three one-year extension options. The extensions are subject to satisfaction of certain predefined conditions including compliance with certain financial and administrative covenants, as well as payment of applicable extension fees. Interest is paid monthly. Recourse is limited to 25% of the then outstanding obligations of the special purpose (indirect) subsidiaries wholly-owned by the Company under the Repurchase Agreement.

(2) This column represents the weighted average interest rate as of period end. Borrowings under our repurchase agreement carry interest at one-month Term SOFR plus a spread.

On December 14, 2023, the Company entered into a Master Repurchase Agreement (together with the related transaction documents, the “Repurchase Agreement”), with Citibank, N.A. (“Citibank”), to finance the acquisition and origination by the Company of eligible loans as more particularly described in the Repurchase Agreement. The Repurchase Agreement provides for asset purchases by Citibank of up to $250 million (the “Facility”). As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, based on the value of the loan assets pledged as collateral and the maximum advance rates attributable to each collateral loan by the lender, the Company was permitted to borrow up to $200.7 million and $128 million, respectively, under the terms of the Repurchase Agreement, of which approximately $35.4 million and $7.5 million, respectively, remained available for borrowing by the Company.

Advances under the Repurchase Agreement accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to the Term SOFR Reference Rate (as defined in the Repurchase Agreement) for a one-month period plus a margin as agreed upon by Citibank and the Company for each transaction. The maturity date of the Facility is December 14, 2025, subject to three (3) one (1) year extension options, subject to satisfaction of certain customary conditions.

In connection with the Repurchase Agreement, the Company provided a Guaranty (the “Guaranty”), under which the Company guarantees up to a maximum liability of 25% of the then outstanding obligations of the special purpose (indirect) subsidiaries wholly-owned by the Company under the Repurchase Agreement. The Guaranty may become full recourse to the Company upon the occurrence of certain events as described in the Guaranty.

The Repurchase Agreement and the Guaranty contain representations, warranties, covenants, events of default and indemnities that are customary for agreements of their type. As of March 31, 2024, the Company is in compliance with all covenants.

On November 30, 2023, we entered into a credit agreement with Starwood Capital Group Management L.LC. The agreement provided for maximum borrowings of $148 million. We incurred interest on the loan at a rate based on the one-month Term SOFR plus 2.5%. The sole draw of $125.8 million under the agreement was executed on November 30, 2023 and the proceeds were used to originate a first mortgage loan and mezzanine loan on a single property. The loan was subsequently paid off in two installments with the last being $120.5 million on December 20, 2023 when the remaining debt balance was refinanced with proceeds from the Repurchase Agreement (as defined above). The interest accrued and paid on this loan was $0.6 million.

5. Accrued Expenses and Other Liabilities

The following table summarizes the components of accrued expenses and other liabilities (amounts in thousands):

 

March 31, 2024

 

December 31, 2023

 

Deposit liability

$

-

 

$

125

 

Trustee compensation payable

 

45

 

 

15

 

Accrued operating expenses

 

201

 

 

-

 

Other

 

1

 

 

-

 

Total accrued expenses and other liabilities

$

247

 

$

140

 

8


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

6. Commitments and Contingencies

As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company is not subject to any material litigation nor is the Company aware of any material litigation threatened against it.

7. Redeemable Common Shares

As of July 14, 2023, the Company was authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares classified as common shares, par value $0.01 per share. The Company was capitalized through the purchase by Starwood Real Estate Income Holdings, L.P. of 50 common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $1,000. On December 1, 2023, the Company amended its Declaration of Trust, pursuant to which the Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share, including the Advisor, will receive feesan unlimited number of shares classified as Class T shares, an unlimited number of shares classified as Class S shares, an unlimited number of shares classified as Class D shares, an unlimited number of shares classified as Class I shares, and compensationan unlimited number of shares classified as Class E shares, and an unlimited number of shares classified as preferred shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share.

On November 30, 2023, in connection with the Initial Capitalization (as defined below), the Company issued an aggregate of 1,575,000 of its common shares to Starwood Real Estate Income Holdings, L.P., an affiliate of the Advisor (“Starwood RE Income Holdings”) at a price per share of $20.00 for an aggregate purchase price of $31.5 million (which were subsequently changed into Class E shares in connection with the Company’s amended Declaration of Trust). Additionally, on December 1, 2023, the Company issued 28,000 Class E shares to other affiliates of Starwood Capital and investors eligible to purchase Class E shares at a price per share of $20.00 for an aggregate purchase price of $0.6 million in its continuous, blind pool private offering.

The following table details the movement of and proceeds received from the Company’s outstanding redeemable common shares during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands except share amounts):

 

Class E Common Shares

 

Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023

 

1,603,050

 

Redeemable common shares issued

 

24,934

 

DRIP shares issued

 

302

 

Shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024

 

1,628,286

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of redeemable common shares

$

506

 

At March 31, 2024, all issued and outstanding Class E shares are classified in temporary equity given that among other reasons (i) with respect to Class E shares held by Starwood Capital or its affiliate that were issued in connection with the Initial Capitalization (as defined below), the Company is required to repurchase such shares upon the request of the holder following the Applicable Liquidity Date (as defined below), subject to certain limitations and terms set forth in the definitive subscription agreement relating to the Initial Capitalization and (ii) with respect to Class E shares held by the Advisor or its affiliate that were issued in respect of management fees and/or performance fees, the Company is required to repurchase such shares upon the request of the Advisor, subject to the terms of the advisory agreement. The redeemable common shares are subsequently adjusted to equal what the redemption amount would be as if redemption were to occur at the reporting date. As of March 31, 2024, the redeemable common shares are remeasured using the NAV per share as of March 31, 2024 with any adjustment between the carrying value and the redemption value recorded in shareholders' equity.

Starwood Capital has agreed, from time to time, to purchase from the Company an aggregate amount of not less than $150 million in Class E shares, at a price per share equal to the Company’s most recently determined NAV of its Class E shares, or if an NAV has yet to be calculated, then $20.00 (the “Initial Capitalization”). Starwood Capital has agreed to hold all of the Class E shares it receives in connection with the Initial Capitalization until, (i) with respect to the Class E shares issued in respect of the initial $125 million of its commitment, the earlier of (a) the first date that our NAV reaches $1 billion and (b) the second anniversary of the initial closing of our continuous private offering, and ongoing management(ii) with respect to the Class E shares issued in respect of Starwood Capital’s commitment in excess of $125 million, but not greater than $150 million, at least the second anniversary of the assetsinitial closing of our private offering and (iii) with respect to any remaining Class E shares (representing purchases exceeding $150 million), at any time following the Company. initial closing of our continuous private offering (such date, the “Applicable Liquidity Date”).

Distributions

The Advisor will be paid a management fee (the “Management Fee”) equal to 1.25% of NAV per annumfollowing table details the aggregate distributions declared for Class E redeemable common shares for the outstandingthree months ended March 31, 2024:

 

Class E Common Shares

 

Aggregate gross distributions declared per common share

$

0.3876

 

Shareholder servicing fee per common share(1)

 

-

 

Net distributions declared per common share

$

0.3876

 

(1) There is no shareholder servicing fee with respect Class E shares. Refer to Note 10 — “Related Party Transactions” below for further information on shareholder servicing fees.

9


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

8. Shareholders' Equity

Authorized Capital

As of July 14, 2023, the Company was authorized to issue an unlimited number of shares classified as common shares, par value $0.01 per share. On December 1, 2023, the Company amended its Declaration of Trust, pursuant to which the Company is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share, including an unlimited number of shares classified as Class T shares, an unlimited number of shares classified as Class S shares, an unlimited number of shares classified as Class D shares, an unlimited number of shares classified as Class I shares, and an unlimited number of shares classified as Class E shares, and an unlimited number of shares classified as preferred shares of beneficial interest, par value $0.01 per share. The Company has initiated a continuous, blind pool private offering, pursuant to which it is offering and selling its common shares to a limited number of accredited investors (as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended), including common shares classified as Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares, and Class I shares payable monthly in arrears. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company will not pay the Advisor the Management Fee with respect to theand Class E shares,shares. The share classes have different upfront selling commissions and as a result, it is a class-specific expense.ongoing shareholder servicing fees. The Management Fee will be paid, at the Advisor’s election, in cash, Class Iinitial per share purchase price for shares or Class E shares, or any combination thereof. The Advisor intends to waive its Management Fee for the first 3 months following the initial closing of the continuous private offering.

8


In addition, the Advisor may be entitled to receive a performance fee (the “Performance Fee”) which will be accrued monthly and payable quarterly in arrears. The Performance Fee will be an amount, not less than zero, equal to (i) 12.5% of the cumulative Core Earnings (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) for the immediately preceding four calendar quarters (each such period, a “4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period”), subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return on average adjusted capital, equal to 5.0% (the “Annual Hurdle Rate”), minus (ii) the sum of any Performance Fees paid to the Advisor with respect to the first three calendar quarters in the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period. The Advisor will not earn a Performance Fee for any calendar quarter until our Core Earnings for the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceeds the Annual Hurdle Rate. Once Core Earnings in any 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceeds the Annual Hurdle Rate, the Advisor will be entitled to a “catch-up” fee equal to the amount of Core Earnings in excess of the Annual Hurdle Rate, until Core Earnings for such the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceeds a percentage of average adjusted capital equal to the Annual Hurdle Rate divided by 0.875 (or 1 minus 0.125) for the applicable the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period. Thereafter, the Advisor will be entitled to receive 12.5% of the Core Earnings. Proportional calculation methodologies to be applied prior to the completion of four full calendar quarters are defined in the Advisory Agreement. The Performance Fee may be paid, at the Advisor’s election, in cash, Class I shares or Class E shares, or any combination thereof.

The Company may retain certain of the Advisor’s affiliates, from time to time, for services relating to the Company’s investments or its operations, which may include capital markets services, restructuring services, valuation services, underwriting and diligence services, and special servicing, as well as services related to mortgage servicing, group purchasing, healthcare, consulting/brokerage, capital markets/credit origination, loan servicing and asset management, property, title and other types of insurance, management consulting and other similar operational and investment matters. As of November 14, 2023, the Company has not retained an affiliate of the Advisor for any such services.

5. Economic Dependency

The Company will be dependent on the Advisor and its affiliates for certain services that are essential to it, including the sale of the Company’s common shares origination, acquisitionin the continuous private offering was $20.00 per share plus applicable upfront selling commissions and disposition decisions,dealer manager fees. Thereafter, the purchase price per share for each class of our common shares will vary and certain other responsibilities. Inwill generally equal the event that the AdvisorCompany’s prior month’s NAV per share, as calculated monthly, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and its affiliates are unable to provide such services,dealer manager fees.

Common Shares

On October 31, 2023, the Company would be required to find alternative service providers.commenced its continuous, blind pool private offering of an unlimited number of its common shares.

On December 1, 2023, in connection with the Company’s continuous, blind pool private offering, the Company sold 259,750 Class S shares and 67,050 Class I shares, in addition to 28,000 Class E shares, as discussed in Note 7 – “Redeemable Common Shares” for aggregate consideration of approximately $7.1 million at a price per share equal to $20.00 plus applicable upfront selling commissions and dealer manager fees.

6. The following table details the movement of and proceeds received from the Company’s outstanding common shares during the three months ended March 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands except share amounts):

 

Class S Common Shares

 

Class I Common Shares

 

Total

 

Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023

 

259,750

 

 

67,050

 

 

326,800

 

Common shares issued

 

1,699,306

 

 

798,559

 

 

2,497,865

 

DRIP shares issued

 

10,125

 

 

2,935

 

 

13,060

 

Shares outstanding as of March 31, 2024

 

1,969,181

 

 

868,544

 

 

2,837,725

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of common shares

$

34,623

 

$

16,056

 

$

50,679

 

Share Repurchase Plan

The Company expects to commenceboard of trustees has adopted a share repurchase plan inand expects to commence the share repurchase plan for the quarterly repurchase period ending March 31, 2024, which is the first full calendar quarter following the initial closing of the continuous private offering. Pursuant to the share repurchase plan, shareholders may request on a quarterly basis that the Company repurchase all or any portion of their shares. The Company is not obligated to repurchase any shares and may choose to repurchase only some, or even none, of the shares that have been requested to be repurchased in any particular quarter in its discretion. Repurchases will be made at the transaction price in effect on the repurchase date, except that shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year will be repurchased at 95% of the transaction price (an “Early Repurchase Deduction”). The one-year holding period is measured from the first businesscalendar day of the month the shares were issued to the subscription closing date immediately following the prospective repurchase date. The Early Repurchase Deduction will not apply to shares acquired through ourthe distribution reinvestment plan.plan (“DRIP”).

The aggregate NAV of total repurchases of Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares, Class E shares, and Class I shares (including repurchases at certain non-U.S. investor access funds primarily created to hold our shares) under the share repurchase plan will be limited to no more than 5% of the aggregate NAV per calendar quarter (measured using the aggregate NAV as of the end of the immediately preceding month). Shares issued to the Advisor pursuant to the Advisory Agreement will not be subject to these repurchase limitations.

In the event that the Company determines to repurchase some but not all of the shares submitted for repurchase during any calendar quarter under the share repurchase plan, shares repurchased at the end of the calendar quarter will be repurchased on a pro rata basis. All unsatisfied repurchase requests must be resubmitted after the start of the next calendar quarter, or upon the recommencement of the share repurchase plan, as applicable.

The board of trustees designated the following persons as “Key Persons” under the share repurchase plan: Barry Sternlicht, Jeffrey Dishner, Ellis Rinaldi, Dennis Schuh and any individual that replaces such persons. The share repurchase plan provides that if two or more such Key Persons are no longer actively involved in the business and activities of Starwood Capital, or are otherwise unable or unwilling to exercise the authority and discharge those day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to Starwood Capital as are currently exercised and discharged by such Key Person(s) (such inactivity, inability or unwillingness, “Inactivity”), and Starwood Capital has not appointed one or more replacements who will fulfill substantially all of the duties of one of such Key Persons within 90 days from the date such Inactivity began (meaning, for the sake of clarity, that one Key Person’s responsibilities may remain unfilled for longer than 90 days) (a “Key Person Triggering Event”), then the Early Repurchase Deduction is waived with respect to shares that have been purchased in the 12 months preceding the expiration of five business days after the disclosure by the

10


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Company of the occurrence of such Key Person Triggering Event (“Disclosure Date”) as set forth herein. If the Disclosure Date is (x) at least one (1) business day prior to the date upon which the transaction price is made available during a quarter-ending month, the Early Repurchase Deduction shall be waived through the first repurchase date or (y) on or following the date upon which the transaction price is made available during a quarter-ending month, the Early Repurchase Deduction shall be waived through the next two (2) repurchase dates. The waiver of the Early Repurchase Deduction set forth in this paragraph will not apply to shares acquired through our distribution reinvestment plan.

9


the DRIP.

Under the share repurchase plan, our board of trustees may amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase plan at any time if it deems such action to be in our best interest. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each quarter.

We may fund repurchase requests from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of or repayment under our assets, borrowings or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. Should repurchase requests, in the Company’s judgment, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Company as a whole, or should we otherwise determine that investing our liquid assets in real estate or other investments rather than repurchasing our shares is in the best interests of the Company as a whole, then the Company may choose to repurchase fewer shares than have been requested to be repurchased, or none at all. Further, the board of trustees may make exceptions to, modify or suspend the share repurchase plan if it deems in its reasonable judgment such action to be in the Company’s best interest.

Distributions

7. CommitmentsThe following table details the aggregate distributions declared for Class S and ContingenciesClass I common shares for the three months ended March 31, 2024:

 

Class S Common Shares

 

Class I Common Shares(1)

 

Aggregate gross distributions declared per common share

$

0.3876

 

$

0.3876

 

Shareholder servicing fee per common share

 

0.0423

 

 

-

 

Net distributions declared per common share

$

0.3453

 

$

0.3876

 

(1) There is no shareholder servicing fee with respect Class I shares. Refer to Note 10 — “Related Party Transactions” below for further information on shareholder servicing fees.

9. Fair Value

AsGAAP establishes a hierarchy of September 30, 2023,valuation techniques based on the Companyobservability of inputs utilized in measuring financial assets and liabilities at fair value. GAAP establishes market-based or observable inputs as the preferred source of values, followed by valuation models using management assumptions in the absence of market inputs. The three levels of the hierarchy are described below:

Level I—Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level II—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level I) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.

Level III—Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

Valuation Process

We have valuation control processes in place to validate the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value including those derived from pricing models. These control processes are designed to assure that the values used for financial reporting are based on observable inputs wherever possible. In the event that observable inputs are not available, the control processes are designed to assure that the valuation approach utilized is appropriate and consistently applied and the assumptions are reasonable.

Pricing Verification—We use recently executed transactions, other observable market data such as exchange data, broker/dealer quotes, third party pricing vendors and aggregation services for validating the fair values generated using valuation models. Pricing data provided by approved external sources is evaluated using a number of approaches; for example, by corroborating the external sources’ prices to executed trades, analyzing the methodology and assumptions used by the external source to generate a price and/or by evaluating how active the third party pricing source (or originating sources used by the third party pricing source) is in the market.

Unobservable Inputs—Where inputs are not observable, we review the appropriateness of the proposed valuation methodology to ensure it is consistent with how a market participant would arrive at the unobservable input. The valuation methodologies utilized in the absence of observable inputs may include extrapolation techniques and the use of comparable observable inputs.

11


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Any changes to the valuation methodology will be reviewed by our management to ensure the changes are appropriate. The methods used may produce a fair value calculation that is not subjectindicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while we anticipate that our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to any material litigation nordetermine the fair value could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date.

Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

We measure the fair value of our loans receivable and loans payable using a discounted cash flow analysis unless observable market data is available. A discounted cash flow analysis requires management to make estimates regarding future interest rates and credit spreads. The most significant of these inputs relates to credit spreads and is unobservable. Thus, we have determined that the Company awarefair values of any material litigation threatened against it.loans receivable and loans payable valued using a discounted cash flow analysis should be classified in Level III of the fair value hierarchy, while mortgage loans valued using securitized pricing should be classified in Level II of the fair value hierarchy. Mortgage loans classified in Level III are transferred to Level II if securitized pricing becomes available.

Fair Value Disclosure

The following table presents our financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheet by their level in the fair value hierarchy (amounts in thousands):

 

 

March 31, 2024

 

 

December 31, 2023

 

 

 

Level I

 

 

Level II

 

 

Level III

 

 

Level I

 

 

Level II

 

 

Level III

 

Financial Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans receivable, at fair value

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

$

251,387

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

$

158,288

 

Total

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

251,387

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

158,288

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Financial Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Loans payable, at fair value

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

$

(164,869

)

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

$

(120,196

)

Total

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

$

(164,869

)

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

$

(120,196

)

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value measurements of our loans receivable (amounts in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2023

$

158,288

 

Loan originations and fundings

 

93,882

 

  Unrealized loss

 

(783

)

Balance as of March 31, 2024

$

251,387

 

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value measurements of our loans payable (amounts in thousands):

Balance as of December 31, 2023

$

(120,196

)

Borrowings under repurchase agreement

(93,500

)

Repayments under repurchase agreement

48,750

Unrealized gain

77

Balance as of March 31, 2024

$

(164,869

)

12


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

8. Subsequent EventsThe following table contains the quantitative inputs and assumptions used for items categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy (amounts in thousands):

 

March 31, 2024

 

Fair Value

 

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Inputs

Weighted Average

Financial Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Loans receivable, at fair value

$

251,387

 

Discounted cash flow

Discount Rate

9.01%

Financial Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Loans payable, at fair value

$

(164,869

)

Discounted cash flow

Discount Rate

7.94%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

December 31, 2023

 

Fair Value

 

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Inputs

Weighted Average

Financial Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Loans receivable, at fair value

$

158,288

 

Discounted cash flow

Discount Rate

9.06%

Financial Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Loans payable, at fair value

$

(120,196

)

Discounted cash flow

Discount Rate

7.97%

10. Related Party Transactions

On October 31, 2023, we commenced the continuous, blind pool private offering of an unlimited number of our common shares. Also on October 31, 2023, theThe Company entered into a dealer manager agreement with Starwood Capital, L.L.C. (“Starwood Dealer”) an affiliate of the Advisor, pursuant to which Starwood Dealer will serve as the dealer manager of the Company’s continuous private offering. The Company intends to use the net proceeds primarily to make investments in commercial real estate debt and real estate-related securities. We intend to sell our common shares in the continuous private offering on a monthly basis.

On November 13, 2023, the Company entered into a subscriptionadvisory agreement (the “Starwood Subscription“Advisory Agreement”), by and with the Advisor. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement between the Company and Starwood Capital, pursuant to which Starwood Capital has agreed, from time to time, to purchase from the Company an aggregate amount of not less than $150 million in Class E shares, at a price per share equalAdvisor, the Advisor is responsible for sourcing, evaluating and monitoring the Company’s investment opportunities and making decisions related to the Company’s most recently determined NAV of its Class E shares, or if an NAV has yet to be calculated, then $20.00 (the “Initial Capitalization”). Starwood Capital has agreed to hold all of the Class E shares it receives in connection with the Initial Capitalization until, (i) with respect to the Class E shares issued in respect of the initial $125 million of its commitment, the date that is the earlier of (a) the first date that the Company’s NAV reaches $1 billionacquisition, origination, management, financing and (b) the second anniversary of the initial closingdisposition of the Company’s continuous private offering, (ii)assets, in accordance with respect to the Class E shares issued in respect of Starwood Capital’s commitment in excess of $125 million, but not greater than $150 million, the date that is the second anniversary of the initial closing of the Company’s continuous private offeringinvestment objectives, guidelines, policies and (iii) with respectlimitations, subject to any remaining Class E shares (representing purchases exceeding $150 million), at any time following the initial closing ofoversight by the Company’s continuous private offering (such dates referred to in (i) – (iii), collectively, the “Applicable Liquidity Date”). Following the Applicable Liquidity Date, Starwood Capital may, from time to time, request to have such Class E shares repurchased by the Company at a price per share equal to the most recently determined NAV per Class E share asboard of the repurchase date (each, a “Starwood Repurchase”). The Class E shares issued in the Initial Capitalization are not eligibletrustees.

Management and Performance Fee

As compensation for repurchaseits services provided pursuant to the Company’s share repurchase plan and are not therefore subject to the quarterly limitation or the Early Repurchase Deduction.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, for so long as Starwood Capital or its affiliate acts asAdvisory Agreement, the Advisor will be paid a management fee (the “Management Fee”) equal to 1.25% of NAV per annum for the Company will not effect any Starwood Repurchase in any quarter that the full amount of all common shares requested to be repurchased by shareholders other than Starwood Capital and its affiliates under the share repurchase plan are not repurchased or the share repurchase plan has been suspended.

Effective as of November 10, 2023, the board of trustees adopted a share repurchase plan (the “Share Repurchase Plan”), pursuant to which shareholders may request on a quarterly basis that the Company repurchase all or any portion of their common shares, subject to certain limitations as set forth therein. The aggregate NAV of total repurchases ofoutstanding Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares, and Class I shares, payable monthly in arrears. The Company does not pay the Advisor the Management Fee with respect to the Class E shares. In calculating the Management Fee, we will use our NAV before giving effect to accruals for the Management Fee, Performance Fee, shareholder servicing fees or distributions payable on our common shares. The Management Fee may be paid, at the Advisor’s election, in cash, Class I shares or Class E shares, or any combination thereof. To the extent that the Advisor elects to receive any portion of the Management Fee in Class I shares or Class E shares, we may repurchase such Class I shares or Class E shares from the Advisor at a later date. Our Class I shares or Class E shares obtained by the Advisor will not be subject to our share repurchase plan, including the repurchase limits and any Early Repurchase Deduction (as defined in the Advisory Agreement). The Advisor agreed to waive its Management Fee for the first three months following the initial closing (the period through February 29, 2024) of our continuous private offering, and accordingly, no management fee was earned during the year ended December 31, 2023. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, $0.1 million of management fees were earned.

The Advisor may be entitled to receive a performance fee (the "Performance Fee”) which is accrued monthly and payable quarterly (or part thereof that the Advisory Agreement is in effect) in arrears. The Performance Fee will be an amount, not less than zero, equal to (i) 12.5% of the cumulative Core Earnings (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) for the immediately preceding four calendar quarters (each such period, a “4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period”), subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as an annual rate of return on average adjusted capital, equal to 5.0% (the “Annual Hurdle Rate”), minus (ii) the sum of any performance fees paid to the Advisor with respect to the first three calendar quarters in the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period. For purposes of the Performance Fee, “adjusted capital” means cumulative net proceeds generated from sales of our Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares and Class I shares (including proceeds from the DRIP) reduced for distributions from dispositions of our investments paid to Class T, Class S, Class D and Class I shareholders and amounts paid to Class T, Class S, Class D and Class I shareholders for share repurchases pursuant to our share repurchase plan. The Advisor will not earn a Performance Fee for any calendar quarter until our Core Earnings for the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceeds the Annual Hurdle Rate. Once our Core Earnings exceed the Annual Hurdle Rate, the Advisor is entitled to a “catch-up” fee equal to the amount of Core Earnings in excess of the Annual Hurdle Rate, until our Core Earnings for the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceed a percentage of average adjusted capital equal to the Annual Hurdle Rate divided by 0.875 (or 1 minus 0.125) for the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period. Thereafter, the Advisor is entitled to receive 12.5% of our Core Earnings. Proportional calculation methodologies to be applied prior to the completion of four full calendar quarters are defined in the Advisory Agreement. The Performance Fee may be paid, at certain non-U.S. investor access funds primarily createdthe Advisor’s election, in cash, Class I shares or Class E shares, or any combination thereof. The Company does not pay the Advisor a Performance Fee on Class E shares. To the extent that the Advisor elects to holdreceive any portion of the Company’s shares) under itsPerformance Fee in Class I shares or Class E shares, we may repurchase such Class I shares or Class E shares from the Advisor at a later date. Our Class I shares or Class E shares obtained by the Advisor will not be subject to our share repurchase plan, including the repurchase limits and any Early Repurchase Deduction (as defined in the Advisory Agreement). During the three months ended March 31, 2024, $0.1 million of performance fees were earned which the Advisor elected to receive in Class E shares. During the year ended, December 31, 2023, no performance fee was earned.

13


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Due to Advisor

The Company may retain certain of the Advisor’s affiliates, from time to time, for services relating to the Company’s investments or its operations, which may include capital markets services, restructuring services, valuation services, underwriting and diligence services, and special servicing, as well as services related to mortgage servicing, group purchasing, consulting/brokerage, capital markets/credit origination, loan servicing and asset management, property, title and other types of insurance, management consulting and other similar operational and investment matters.

The following table details the components of Due to Advisor as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

 

March 31, 2024

 

December 31, 2023

 

Accrued operating costs

$

1,454

 

$

893

 

Accrued organization costs

 

893

 

 

888

 

Accrued offering costs

 

2,302

 

 

2,294

 

Accrued shareholder servicing fees

 

3,010

 

 

422

 

Accrued management fees

 

60

 

 

-

 

Accrued performance fees

 

128

 

 

-

 

Total

$

7,847

 

$

4,497

 

Accrued operating costs

The Advisor has agreed to advance certain of the Company’s operating expenses through the first anniversary of the date of the initial closing of the continuous private offering. For the three months ended March 31, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 the Advisor incurred operating costs on the Company’s behalf of $1.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively. The Company will reimburse the Advisor for all such advanced expenses ratably over a 60-month period following the first anniversary of the initial closing of the continuous private offering. Operating expenses incurred after the first anniversary of the initial closing of its private offering will be paid by the Company as incurred.

Accrued organization and offering costs

The Advisor has agreed to advance organization and offering expenses on behalf of the Company (including legal, accounting, and other expenses attributable to the organization, but excluding upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and shareholder servicing fees) through the first anniversary of the date of the initial closing of the continuous private offering. The Advisor had incurred organization and offering costs on the Company’s behalf of $3.2 million, consisting of offering costs of $2.3 million and organization costs of $0.9 million, and $3.2 million, consisting of offering costs of $2.3 million and organization costs of $0.9 million, as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. The organization costs are recorded on the condensed consolidated statement of operations and the offering costs are charged to equity. The Company will reimburse the Advisor for all such advanced expenses ratably over a 60-month period following the first anniversary of the initial closing of the continuous private offering.

Accrued shareholder servicing fees

The Dealer Manager is limitedentitled to noreceive shareholder servicing fees of 0.85% per annum of the aggregate NAV for Class T shares and Class S shares. For Class T shares such shareholder servicing fee includes, an advisor shareholder servicing fee of 0.65% per annum, and a dealer shareholder servicing fee of 0.20% per annum, of the aggregate NAV for the Class T shares. However, with respect to Class T shares sold through certain participating broker-dealers, the advisor shareholder servicing fee and the dealer shareholder servicing fee may be other amounts, provided that the sum of such fees will always equal 0.85% per annum of the NAV of such shares. The Class D shares will incur a shareholder servicing fee equal to 0.25% per annum of the aggregate NAV for the Class D shares.

The Dealer Manager anticipates that substantially all of the shareholder servicing fees will be retained by, or reallowed (paid) to, participating broker-dealers. For the year ended December 31, 2023 and the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Dealer Manager did not retain any shareholder servicing fees.

The Company accrues the estimated amount of the future shareholder servicing fees payable to the Dealer Manager for Class T, Class S, and Class D shares based on the estimated hold period of those shares.

14


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

11. Net Income Per Share

Net income per common share for the three months ended March 31, 2024, is computed as follows (in thousands, except for share and per share data):

Basic:

Net income attributable to Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

$

1,040

Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic

3,610,109

Basic net income per common share

$

0.29

Diluted:

Net income attributable to Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

$

1,040

Weighted-average common shares outstanding, diluted(1)

3,610,758

Diluted net income per common share

$

0.29

(1) Diluted earnings per share takes into account the effect of dilutive instruments, such as unvested stock awards. As of March 31, 2024, 3,002 unvested shares were outstanding.

12. Economic Dependency

The Company will be dependent on the Advisor and its affiliates for certain services that are essential to it, including the sale of the Company’s common shares, origination, acquisition and disposition decisions, and certain other responsibilities. In the event that the Advisor and its affiliates are unable to provide such services, the Company would be required to find alternative service providers.

13. Subsequent Events

On April 25, 2024, the Company invested in a £150.0 million ($189 million) participation in a £1.4B syndicated credit facility that was established to refinance a portfolio of 312 logistics assets totaling approximately 19 million square feet primarily located in last mile locations across the UK, in key UK logistics markets. The initial term of the underlying loan is two years and the loan also features three one-year extension options subject to satisfaction of certain predefined conditions.

On April 23, 2024, the Company entered into a Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement (together with the related transaction documents, the “MS Repurchase Agreement”), with Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. (“Morgan Stanley”), to finance the acquisition and origination by the Company of eligible investment assets as more than particularly described in the MS Repurchase Agreement. The MS Repurchase Agreement provides for asset purchases by Morgan Stanley of up to £5150.0 million ($189 million) (the “MS Facility”). As of May 10, 2024, based on the value of the investment pledged as collateral and the maximum advanced rate attributed to such collateral by Morgan Stanley, the Company was permitted to borrow up to £120 million ($150.2 million) under the terms of the MS Repurchase Agreement. The initial borrowing under the MS Repurchase Agreement has been used to partially finance the investment in the loan participation backed by logistics assets located in the UK as discussed above.

Advances under the MS Repurchase Agreement accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to (i) the sum of the Compounded Reference Rate (as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement) and the Applicable Spread (as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement) for asset purchases denominated in British Pound Sterling; (ii) the sum of the EURIBOR Rate or Alternative Rate (EUR) (each as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement), as applicable, and the relevant Applicable Spread for asset purchases denominated in Euros; or (iii) the sum of the BBSY Rate (as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement) and the relevant Applicable Spread for asset purchases denominated in Australian Dollars. The interest rates described above are subject to adjustment and/or conversion as described in the MS Repurchase Agreement. The maturity date of the Facility is February 15, 2029, subject to one (1) or more one (1) year extension options at Morgan Stanley’s sole discretion.

In connection with the MS Repurchase Agreement, the Company provided a Guaranty (the “MS Guaranty”), under which the Company guarantees up to a maximum liability of 25% of the Company’s aggregate NAV per calendar quarter (measured using the aggregate NAV asthen outstanding obligations of the end ofspecial purpose (indirect) subsidiaries wholly-owned by the immediately preceding month). In addition, effective as of November 10, 2023,Company under the board of trustees adopted a distribution reinvestment plan (the “DRP”), whereby shareholders will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional common shares unless they elect to receive their distributions in cash.MS Repurchase Agreement. The foregoing description of each of the DRP does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by referenceMS Guaranty may become full recourse to the DRP,Company upon the commencement of a copyvoluntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding by Seller or collusive involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding against Seller or the Company. The Company is also liable under the Guaranty for actual costs, expenses or liabilities actually incurred by Morgan Stanley resulting from customary “bad boy” events as described in the MS Guaranty.

The MS Repurchase Agreement and the MS Guaranty contain representations, warranties, covenants, events of which is included as Exhibit 4.1default and indemnities that are customary for agreements of their type.

15


Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust

Notes to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference.Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

10Subsequent to March 31, 2024 through the date of filing, the Company issued the following shares (in thousands, except for share amounts):


 

Shares

 

Gross Proceeds

 

Class S Common Shares

 

1,499,939

 

$

30,316

 

Class I Common Shares

 

1,257,885

 

 

25,204

 

Class E Common Shares

 

-

 

 

-

 

Total

 

2,757,824

 

$

55,520

 

Subsequent to March 31, 2024 through the date of filing, the Company also issued the following shares under the DRIP (in thousands, except for share amounts):

 

Shares

 

Gross Proceeds

 

Class S Common Shares

 

18,223

 

$

365

 

Class I Common Shares

 

9,735

 

 

195

 

Class E Common Shares

 

203

 

 

4

 

Total

 

28,161

 

$

564

 

 

ITEM16


Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONSManagement’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

References herein to “Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust,” theTrust” “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust and its subsidiaries unless the context specifically requires otherwise.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”). In addition to historical data, this discussion contains forward-looking statements about our business, operations and financial performance based on current expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those in this discussion as a result of various factors, including but not limited to those discussed under Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Registration Statement on Form 10, as amended (the “Registration Statement”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).10-Q.

Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q constitute forward-looking statements because they relate to future events or our future performance or financial condition. The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may include statements as to:

our future operating results;
our business prospects and the prospects of the assets in which we may invest;
the impact of the investments that we expect to make;
our ability to raise sufficient capital to execute our investment and lending strategies;
our ability to source adequate investment and lending opportunities to efficiently deploy capital;
our current and expected financing arrangements;
the effect of global and national economic and market conditions generally upon our operating results, including, but not limited to, changes with respect to inflation, interest rate changes and supply chain disruptions, and changes in government rules, regulations and fiscal policies;
the adequacy of our cash resources, financing sources and working capital;
the timing and amount of cash flows distributions and dividends,distributions, if any, from our investments;
our contractual arrangements and relationships with third parties;
actual and potential conflicts of interest with the Advisor (as defined below) or any of its affiliates;
the dependence of our future success on the general economy and its effect on the assets in which we may invest;
our use of financial leverage;
the ability of the Advisor to locate suitable investments for us and to monitor and administer our investments;
the ability of the Advisor or its affiliates to attract and retain highly talented professionals;
our ability to structure investments in a tax-efficient manner and the effect of changes to tax legislation and our tax position; and
the tax status of the assets in which we may invest.

In addition, words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect” and “intend” indicate a forward-looking statement, although not all forward-looking statements include these words. The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those implied or expressed in the forward-looking statements for any reason, including the factors set forth in Item“Item 1A. Risk FactorsFactors” section of Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to our Registration Statement filed withAnnual Report on Form 10-K for the SEC,year ended December 31, 2023 and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include:

changes in the economy, particularly those affecting the real estate industry;
risks associated with possible disruption in our operations or the economy generally due to terrorism, natural disasters, epidemics or other events having a broad impact on the economy;
adverse conditions in the areas where our investments or the properties underlying such investments are located and local real estate conditions;
our portfolio may be concentrated in certain industries and geographies, and, as a consequence, our aggregate return may be substantially affected by adverse economic or business conditions affecting that particular type of asset or geography;

11


limitations on our business and our ability to satisfy requirements to maintain our exclusion from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”), or to maintain our qualification as a REIT (as defined below) for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
since there is no public trading market for our common shares, repurchase of common shares by us will likely be the only way to dispose of your shares. Our share repurchase plan provides shareholders with the opportunity to request that we repurchase their shares on a quarterly basis, but we are not obligated to repurchase any shares and may choose to repurchase only some, or even none, of the shares that have been requested to be repurchased in any particular quarter in our discretion. In addition, repurchases will be subject to

17


available liquidity and other significant restrictions. Further, our board of trustees may make exceptions to, modify and suspend our share repurchase plan if, in its reasonable judgement,judgment, it deems such action to be in our best interest. As a result, our common shares should be considered as having only limited liquidity and at times may be illiquid;
distributions are not guaranteed and may be funded from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, borrowings, offering proceeds, the sale of our assets, and repayments of our real estate debt investments, and we have no limits on the amounts we may fund from such sources;
the purchase and repurchase prices for our common shares are generally based on our prior month’s NAVnet asset value (“NAV”) and are not based on any public trading market; and
future changes in laws or regulations and conditions in our operating areas.

Although we believe the assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements, are reasonable, any of the assumptions could be inaccurate, and, as a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions also could be inaccurate. In light of the these and other uncertainties, the inclusion of a projection or forward-looking statement in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should not be regarded as a representation by us that our plans and objectives will be achieved. These forward-looking statements apply only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we assume no duty and do not undertake to update the forward-looking statements.

Overview

We are a Maryland statutory trust formed on June 28, 2023 and intend to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2023. We expect to beare externally managed by our investment advisor, Starwood Credit Advisors, L.L.C., (the “Advisor” (“Advisor”), an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Starwood Capital Group Holdings L.P. (together with(“Starwood Holdings” and together any entity that is controlled by, controls or is under common control with Starwood Capital Group Holdings, L.P.,and any of their respective predecessor entities, “Starwood Capital” or the “Sponsor”). Starwood Capital is a private investment firm with a primary focus on global real estate. Since its inception in 1991, Starwood Capital has raised over $75 billion of capital and currently has overapproximately $115 billion of assets under management.

Our investment objectives are to invest primarily in debt on high quality assets that will enable us to:

provide current income in the form of regular, stable cash distributions to achieve an attractive distribution yield;
preserve and protect invested capital, by focusing on high quality real assets with current cash-flow and/or limited business plan risk;
reduce downside risk through conservative loan-to-value ratios against high quality real assets with meaningful borrower equity or implied equity; and
provide an investment alternative for shareholders seeking to allocate a portion of their long-term investment portfolios to commercial real estate (“CRE”) debt with lower volatility than publicly traded securities and compelling risk-adjusted returns compared to fixed income alternatives.

We may not achieve our investment objectives. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Registration Statement on Form 10, as amended, filed with the SEC.

Our investment strategy will be focused on originating, acquiring, financingis to originate, acquire, finance and managingmanage a portfolio of primarily commercial real estate (“CRE”)CRE debt investments, typically in the form offocused on senior secured, floating-rate CRE loans diversified across both geography and asset class. Our CRE loans are expected to be primarily secured by properties located in the U.S., European and Australian markets and include multifamily, industrial and select other CRE asset classes, such as student housing, self-storage, life science and data center assets. To a lesser extent, we may invest in (1) other real asset lending strategies, including infrastructure loans, and (2) other real-estate related debt and equity securities, including commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) and collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”).

Our board of trustees at all times will havehas ultimate oversight and policy-making authority over us, including responsibility for governance, financial controls, compliance and disclosure. Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement (as defined below), we will delegatedelegated to the Advisor the authority to source, evaluate and monitor our investment opportunities and make decisions related to the acquisition, management, financing and disposition of our assets, in accordance with our investment objectives, guidelines, policies and limitations, subject to oversight by our board of trustees.

12


We will beare structured as a non-listed, perpetual-life REIT, and therefore our securities are not listed on a national securities exchange and, as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there is no plan to list our securities on a national securities exchange. We are organized as a holding company and conduct our business primarily through our various subsidiaries. We intend to elect and qualify to be taxed as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on our taxable income to the extent we annually distribute all of our REIT taxable income to shareholders and maintain our qualification as a REIT.

We will beare conducting a continuous, blind pool continuous private offering of our common shares in reliance on an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), to investors that are (i) accredited investors (as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act) and (ii) in the case of common shares sold outside the United States, to persons that are not “U.S. persons” (as defined in Regulation S under the Securities Act).

On, which commenced on October 31, 2023, we commenced a continuous private offering of an unlimited number of our common shares of beneficial interest.2023. The Company intends to use the net proceeds primarily to make investments in commercial real estate debt and real estate-related securities.securities consistent with our investment guidelines and for other general corporate purposes. We intend to sell our common shares in our continuous, blind pool private offering on a monthly basis.

18


We are not aware of any material trends or uncertainties, favorable or unfavorable, other than national economic conditions affecting real estate generally, that may be reasonably anticipated to have a material impact on either capital resources or the revenues or income to be derived from our real estate debt investments or real estate-related securities, other than those referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Key Components of Our Results from OperationsQ1 2024 Highlights

RevenuesFundraising and Distributions

We were capitalized through the purchase by Starwood Real Estate Income Holdings, L.P., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Sponsor, of 50 common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $1,000 on July 14, 2023. As of November 14, 2023, we have not engaged in principal operations nor generated any revenues. Our entire activity since inception to November 14, 2023, was our initial capitalization and preparation for our proposed fundraising through our continuous private offering.

As of November 14, 2023, we had neither originated nor acquired any investments that will be funded with the net proceeds from our continuous private offering. The number and type of investments that we originate or acquire will depend upon market conditions, the amount of proceeds we raise in our continuous private offering and other circumstances existing at the time of our operations and investment activities.

We will seek to focus on senior secured floating rate investments, secured by high quality real assets to generate current cash flow. We seek to identify attractive risk-reward investments by financing high quality real assets with substantial borrower equity and plan to partner with well-known sponsors with real assets in primarily gateway and select secondary markets. We expect to create synergies with Starwood Capital’s existing debt capabilities by leveraging its significant scale and existing relationships to source high quality lending opportunities. Our revenues will primarily comprise interest income generated by investments in loans and by securities backed by loans in addition to loan origination fees and gains on sales of loans and securities investments.

Expenses

Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement between the Company and the Advisor (the “Advisory Agreement”), the Advisor will be responsible for sourcing, evaluating and monitoring the Company’s investment opportunities and making decisions related to the acquisition, origination, management, financing and disposition of the Company’s assets, in accordance with the Company’s investment objectives, guidelines, policies and limitations, subject to oversight by the Company’s board of trustees. As discussed in Note 4 “Related Party Transactions” to the Company’s unaudited financial statements as of and for the period ending September 30, 2023, certain affiliates of the Company, including the Advisor, will receive fees and compensation in connection with the offering and ongoing management of the assets of the Company.

Pursuant to the terms of the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor will be responsible for, among other things:

managing the Company’s assets in accordance with its investment objective, policies and restrictions;
determining the composition of the Company’s portfolio, the nature and timing of the changes to the Company’s portfolios and the manner of implementing such changes;
making investment decisions for the Company and monitoring the Company’s investments;
engaging and supervising, on the Company’s behalf, agents and service providers to assist in making and managing the Company’s investments;
determining valuations of the Company’s assets;
performing due diligence on prospective portfolio investments;
recommending the appropriate level of leverage and debt financing;

13


 

exercising voting rights in respectDuring the three months ended March 31, 2024, pursuant to the Company’s continuous, blind pool private offering, the Company sold an aggregate of portfolio securities2,522,800 of its common shares for aggregate net consideration of approximately $50.5 million, plus applicable upfront selling commissions and other investmentsdealer manager fees. The offer and sale of the shares was exempt from the registration provisions of the Securities Act by virtue of Section 4(a)(2) and Regulation D thereunder. In addition, the Company issued 13,361 shares pursuant to its distribution reinvestment plan (the “DRIP”) for the Company; andaggregate net consideration of approximately $0.3 million.
providingDuring the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company declared aggregate distributions of $0.3453 per Class S share, $0.3876 per Class I share and $0.3876 per Class E share. Refer to the Distributions section below for further details on the distributions made during the quarter.

Investments

On February 9, 2024, the Company originated a $93.8 million floating rate first mortgage loan collateralized by two adjacent multifamily assets that are operated together as one property in Houston, TX. The initial term of the loan is two years with suchthree one-year extension options subject to satisfaction of certain predefined conditions of the borrower.

Financings

On February 9, 2024, the Company borrowed additional proceeds under the terms of the Master Repurchase Agreement (together with the related transaction documents, the “Citi Repurchase Agreement”), with Citibank, N.A. (“Citibank”), in connection with the origination by the Company of the mortgage loan discussed above. The Citi Repurchase Agreement provides for asset purchases by the Company of up to $250 million. As of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, based on the value of the loan assets pledged as collateral and the maximum advance rates attributable to each collateral loan by the lender, the Company was permitted to borrow up to $200.7 million and $128 million, respectively, under the terms of the Repurchase Agreement, of which approximately $35.4 million and $7.5 million, remained available for borrowing by the Company, respectively.

Results of Operations

On December 1, 2023, the Company had completed the initial closing of its continuous, blind pool private offering and had originated one CRE loan. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Company continued fundraising pursuant to the Company’s continuous, blind pool private offering and on February 9, 2024, the Company originated its second CRE loan. Due to the timing of our investment and financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2024, our result of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are not comparable.

19


The following table sets forth information regarding our consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023 ($ in thousands):

 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

For the Three Months Ended December 31, 2023

 

Revenues

 

 

 

 

Interest income

$

4,658

 

$

1,225

 

Other revenue

 

998

 

 

1,794

 

Total revenues

 

5,656

 

 

3,019

 

Expenses

 

 

 

 

Interest expense

 

2,709

 

 

861

 

Professional fees

 

767

 

 

893

 

Financing fees

 

182

 

 

694

 

Management fees

 

60

 

 

-

 

Performance fees

 

128

 

 

-

 

General and administrative

 

64

 

 

20

 

Organization costs

 

-

 

 

888

 

Total Expenses

 

3,910

 

 

3,356

 

Unrealized gains (losses) from operations and financing

 

 

 

 

Unrealized loss on loans receivable

 

(783

)

 

(1,712

)

Unrealized gain on loans payable

 

77

 

 

304

 

Total unrealized loss from operations and financing, net

 

(706

)

 

(1,408

)

Net income (loss)

$

1,040

 

$

(1,745

)

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Revenues totaled $5.7 million, and consisted of interest income of $4.7 million and other investment advisory and related servicesrevenue of $1.0 million (predominantly origination fees). The increase from the $3.0 million recognized during the three months ended December 31, 2023 was due to the timing of the first loan origination activity as that occurred on November 30, 2023 as well as the impact of the new CRE loan originated on February 9, 2024.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Professional fees were approximately $0.8 million and primarily related to operating costs incurred during the period. $0.6 million of these costs have been advanced by the Advisor and paid on behalf of the Company. The Company will commence reimbursement of the advances to the Advisor in December 2024 and will pay the balance due at that time, ratably in 60 monthly installments thereafter. The decrease in professional fees during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2023 is due to the timing of the recognition of certain expenses incurred prior the commencement of the initial closing of the continuous, blind pool private offering. Note that the Company started recognizing operating costs incurred by Advisor on December 1, 2023, the date of the initial closing of its continuous, blind pool private offering.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, Interest expense and financing fees were $2.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively and $0.9 million and $0.7 million, respectively for the three months ended December 31, 2023. Interest expense and financing fees were incurred in financing the mortgage loan assets originated in November 2023 and February 2024. The increase in Interest expense during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2023 is due to the timing of the debt financing activity between the two periods. The decrease in Financing fees during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the three months ended December 31, 2023 is due to the larger size of the CRE loan originated during the three months ended December 31, 2023 than during the three months ended March 31, 2024.
Management fees and performance fees are earned by our Advisor for providing services pursuant to the Advisory Agreement. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, management fees and performance fees were $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively. No such fees were earned during the three months ended December 31, 2023.
The net unrealized loss from operations and financing of $(0.7) million for the period is mostly related to the remeasurement of the loans receivable and debt obligations at fair value as of March 31, 2024. The decrease from the $1.7 million net unrealized loss from operations and financing recognized during the three months ended December 31, 2023 was mainly driven by the change in fair value on the CRE loan originated on February 9, 2024.

20


Financial Condition

Investment Activities

As of March 31, 2024, the Company had originated two CRE loans. The following table details the statistics of our loans receivable portfolio as of March 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Description

 

Location

 

Origination Date

 

Weighted Average Interest Rate(1)

 

 

Loan Amount(2)

 

 

Principal Balance Outstanding

 

 

Fair Value

 

 

Payment Terms

 

Maximum Maturity Date(3)

 

 

Multifamily

 

Houston, TX

 

2/9/2024

 

 

8.57

%

 

$

96,300

 

 

$

93,800

 

 

$

92,906

 

 

Monthly; I/O

 

2/11/2030

 

 

Multifamily

 

Hayward, CA

 

11/30/2023

 

 

8.57

%

 

$

185,050

 

 

$

160,082

 

 

$

158,481

 

 

Monthly; I/O

 

12/9/2028

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

281,350

 

 

$

253,882

 

 

$

251,387

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(1) Represents weighted average interest rate for each loan as of period end. Loans earn interest at the one-month Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) plus a spread.

(2) Loan amounts consist of outstanding principal balance plus unfunded loan commitments for each loan.

(3) Maximum maturity date assumes all extension options are exercised by the borrower; however, loans may be repaid prior to such date. Extension options are subject to satisfaction of certain predefined conditions as defined in the respective loan agreements.

On February 9, 2024, the Company originated a $93.8 million floating rate first mortgage loan collateralized by 620 apartments in two adjacent multifamily assets that are operated together as one property in Houston, TX. One asset was constructed in 2009 and the other was built in 2011. The initial term of the loan is two years and the loan also features three one-year extension options subject to satisfaction of certain predefined conditions. The total loan commitment is $96.3 million reflecting plans for as much as $2.5 million of additional advances to the borrower subject to the satisfaction of certain predefined conditions. Payments on the loan consist of interest only and a balloon payment at maturity.

On November 30, 2023, the Company originated a mortgage and mezzanine loan collateralized by a 474-unit multifamily property which also features 83,000 square feet of ground floor retail space. It is located in Hayward, CA which is in the East Bay region of Northern California. The improvements were constructed in 2022 and the property is currently in the latter stage of the lease-up phase. The loan has floating rate first mortgage and mezzanine components. Principal in the amount of $160 million was funded at closing. The total loan commitment is $185 million. Consistent with the initial funding, 80% of any future funding amounts will be allocated to the first mortgage position and the remainder will be allocated to the mezzanine loan. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, $81,558 of additional proceeds were funded to the borrower. The initial term of the loan is three years and payments consist of interest only and a balloon payment at maturity. Subject to the satisfaction of certain predefined conditions, the borrower has two one-year options to extend the term of the loan.

Financing Activities

We finance the majority of our CRE loan portfolio through repurchase agreements. The table below summarizes our repurchase agreement borrowings as of March 31, 2024:

Description

Weighted Average Interest Rate(2)

Maximum Facility Size

 

Available Capacity

 

Debt Amount Outstanding

 

Fair Value of Debt

 

Fair Value of Collateral

 

Current Maturity Date

Maximum Maturity Date

Repurchase Agreement (1)

7.58%

$

250,000

 

$

84,750

 

$

165,250

 

$

164,869

 

$

251,387

 

12/14/2025

12/14/2028

 

 

$

250,000

 

$

84,750

 

$

165,250

 

$

164,869

 

$

251,387

 

 

 

(1) Borrowing facility has up to three one-year extension options. The extensions are subject to satisfaction of certain predefined conditions including compliance with certain financial and administrative covenants as well as payment of applicable extension fees. Interest is paid monthly. Recourse is limited to 25% of the then outstanding obligations of the special purpose (indirect) subsidiaries wholly-owned by the Company under the Repurchase Agreement.

(2) Represents weighted average interest rate as of period end. Borrowings under our repurchase agreement carry interest at one-month Term SOFR plus a spread.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measure of our ability to meet our cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to repay borrowings, fund and maintain our assets and operations, make new investments where appropriate, pay distributions to our shareholders and other general business needs.

21


We closely monitor our liquidity position and believe that we have sufficient current liquidity and access to additional liquidity to meet our financial obligations for at least the next 12 months.

Starwood Capital has agreed, from time to time, reasonably require forto purchase from the investmentCompany an aggregate amount of capital.

Pursuantnot less than $150 million in Class E shares, at a price per share equal to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor may delegate anyCompany’s most recently determined NAV of its Class E shares, or if an NAV has yet to be calculated, then $20.00 (the “Initial Capitalization”). Further, Starwood Capital has agreed to hold all of the services for whichClass E shares it is responsible for to a third-party service provider. Inreceives in connection with the event the Advisor chooses to engage a third-party service provider, the Advisor will remain responsible for the performance of such services and the Company generally will pay fees to the third-party service providers for such services.

Management Fee

As compensation for its services provided pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor will be paid a management fee (the “Management Fee”) equal to 1.25% of NAV per annum for the outstanding Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares, and Class I shares, payable monthly in arrears. For the avoidance of doubt, we will not pay the Advisor the Management FeeInitial Capitalization until, (i) with respect to the Class E shares and as a result, it is a class-specific expense. In calculatingissued in respect of the Management Fee, we will useinitial $125 million of its commitment, the earlier of (a) the first date that our NAV before giving effect to accruals forreaches $1 billion and (b) the Management Fee, Performance Fee, shareholder servicing fees or distributions payable on our common shares. The Advisor has agreed to waive its Management Fee for the first 3 months following the initial closing of our continuous private offering. The Management Fee may be paid, at the Advisor’s election, in cash, Class I shares or Class E shares, or any combination thereof.

Performance Fee

The Advisor may be entitled to receive a performance fee (“the Performance Fee”) which is accrued monthly and payable quarterly in arrears. The Performance Fee will be an amount, not less than zero, equal to (i) 12.5% of the cumulative Core Earnings (as defined in the Advisory Agreement) for the immediately preceding four calendar quarters (each such period, a “4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period”), subject to a hurdle rate, expressed as a rate of return on average adjusted capital, equal to 5.0% (the “Annual Hurdle Rate”), minus (ii) the sum of any performance fees paid to the Advisor with respect to the first three calendar quarters in the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period. The Advisor will not earn a Performance Fee for any calendar quarter until our Core Earnings for the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceeds the Annual Hurdle Rate. Once Core Earnings in any 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceeds the Annual Hurdle Rate, the Advisor will be entitled to a “catch-up” fee equal to the amount of Core Earnings in excess of the Annual Hurdle Rate, until Core Earnings for such the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period exceed a percentage of average adjusted capital equal to the Annual Hurdle Rate divided by 0.875 (or 1 minus 0.125) for the applicable 4-Quarter Performance Measurement Period. Thereafter, the Advisor will be entitled to receive 12.5% of the Core Earnings. Proportional calculation methodologies to be applied prior to the completion of four full calendar quarters are defined in the Advisory Agreement. The Performance Fee may be paid, at the Advisor’s election, in cash, Class I shares or Class E shares, or any combination thereof.

Organizational and Offering Expenses

The Advisor has agreed to advance all of the Company’s organization and offering expenses on its behalf (including legal, accounting, printing, mailing, subscription processing and filing fees and expenses, reasonable bona fide due diligence expenses of participating broker-dealers supported by detailed and itemized invoices, costs in connection with preparing sales materials, design and website expenses, fees and expenses of our escrow agent and transfer agent, and expense reimbursements for actual costs incurred by employees of Starwood Capital, L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company (the “Dealer Manager”) in the performance of wholesaling activities (but excluding upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and the shareholder servicing fee)) through the firstsecond anniversary of the initial closing of ourthe Company's continuous private offering. The Company will reimburseoffering, (ii) with respect to the Advisor for all such advanced expenses ratably overClass E shares issued in respect of Starwood Capital’s commitment in excess of $125 million, but not greater than $150 million, at least the 60 months following the firstsecond anniversary of the initial closing of ourthe Company's private offering and (iii) with respect to any remaining Class E shares (representing purchases exceeding $150 million), at any time following the initial closing of the Company's continuous private offering. Wholesaling compensation expenses of persons associatedThe Company may issue additional Class E shares to Starwood Capital in connection with the Dealer Manager will be paid byCompany’s acquisition of additional assets in the Advisor without reimbursementfuture. As of March 31, 2024, Starwood Capital has purchased $31.5 million in our Class E shares.

We expect to generate cash primarily from (i) the Company. After the first anniversary of the initial closingnet proceeds of our continuous private offering, (ii) cash flows from our operations, (iii) existing borrowing facilities and any financing arrangements we may enter into in the Company will reimburse the Advisor forfuture and (iv) any organization and offering expenses that it incurs onfuture offerings of our behalf as and when incurred.equity or debt securities.

Acquisition Expenses

WeOur primary uses of cash will reimbursebe for (i) origination or acquisition of commercial mortgage loans and other commercial debt investments, CMBS and other commercial real estate-related debt investments, (ii) the Advisor for out-of-pocket expenses in connection withcost of operations (including the selection, evaluation, structuring, acquisition, originationManagement Fee and financingPerformance Fee), (iii) debt service of investments, whether or not such investments are acquired or originated.

Operating Expenses (Including Generalany borrowings, (iv) periodic repurchases, including under our share repurchase plan (as described herein), and Administrative Expenses) Reimbursement

In addition(v) cash distributions to the organization and offering expense and acquisition expense reimbursements described above, the Advisor has agreed to advance certain of the Company’s operating expenses on its behalf through the first anniversary of the initial closingholders of our continuous private offering. In additionshares to the organization and offering expense and acquisition expenses described above, the Advisor will advance certain out-of-pocket costs and expenses it incurs in connection with the services it provides to the Company, including, but not limited to, (1) the actual costextent declared by our board of goods and services used by us and obtained from third parties, including fees paid to administrators, consultants, attorneys, technology providers and other service providers, and brokerage fees paid in connection with the purchase and sale of investments and securities, (2) expenses of managing and operating our investments, whether payable to an affiliate or a non-affiliated person and (3) expenses related to personnel of the Advisor performing services for the Company other than those who provide investment advisory services or serve as our executive officers.

14


trustees.

The Company will reimburseseek to enter into additional bank debt, credit facility, and / or other financing arrangements on at least customary and market terms; however, such incurrence would be subject to prevailing market conditions, the Advisor for such advanced expenses ratably overCompany’s liquidity requirements, contractual and regulatory restrictions and other factors. As of March 31, 2024, the 60 months followingCompany has established a $250 million loan repurchase facility. The Company has pledged two multi-family loans as collateral and based on the first anniversaryvalue of the initial closing of our continuous private offering. Operating expenses incurred afterloans pledged as collateral and the first anniversary of the initial closing of our continuous private offering will be paidmaximum advanced rates attributed to each loan by the lender, is permitted to borrow as much as $200.7 million. As of March 31, 2024, the Company as incurred.has $165.3 million in outstanding debt. Refer to Note 3- “Investment in Loans Receivable” and Note 4 - “Loans Payable” for further information.

Fees from Other ServicesAs of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, the Advisorcompany had cash and cash equivalents of $3.0 million and $0.8 million and approved, but undrawn credit capacity, which is the amount the Company is permitted to borrow less the borrowings outstanding, of $35.4 million and $7.5 million. These amounts do not include $118.5 million of undrawn capacity under Starwood Capital's equity commitment which represents readily available liquidity as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Cash Flows

The Company may retain certainfollowing table provides a breakdown of the Advisor’s affiliates, from time to time, for services relating tonet change in our cash and cash equivalents (amounts in thousands):

 

March 31, 2024

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

$

1,720

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(93,882

)

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

94,342

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

$

2,180

 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1.7 million and was primarily comprised of interest income and origination fees earned on the Company’s investments or its operations, which may include capital markets services, restructuring services, valuation services, underwriting and diligence services, and special servicing, as well as services related to mortgage servicing, group purchasing, healthcare, consulting/ brokerage, capital markets/credit origination, loan servicing and asset management, property, title and other types of insurance, management consulting and other similar operational and investment matters. As of November 14, 2023,loans receivable during the Company has not retained an affiliate of the Advisor for any such services.period.

HedgingNet cash used in investing activities was $(93.9) million and was related to the loan origination and funding activity during the period.

HedgingNet cash provided by financing activities can be expectedwas $94.3 million and was related to result in the incurrenceadditional proceeds from and repayment of hedging related expenses. In general, the Company will seek to match the interest rate characteristics of our investments with the interest rate characteristics of any related financing obligations. In instances where the interest rate characteristics of an investmentloan payable and the related financing obligation are not matched,proceeds from the Company may mitigate such interest rate risk throughcontinuous, blind pool private offering during the utilization of interest rate derivativesperiod.

NAV and NAV Per Share Calculation

For the purposes of the same duration.

Similarly, the Company’s loans and investments that are denominated in a foreign currency will also be subject to risks related to fluctuations in exchange rates. The Company generally expects to mitigate this exposure by matching the currency of foreign currency-denominated assets to the currency of the borrowings that finance those assets. As a result, the Company expects to substantially reduce its exposure to changes in portfolio value related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

The Company intends to hedge its remaining net currency exposures in a prudent manner. In doing so, the Company generally expects to structuremonthly NAV computations, our foreign currency hedges so that the notional values and expiration dates of hedge positions approximate the amounts and timing of future payments expected to be received on the related investments. However, the currency hedging strategies employed may not eliminate all of our currency risk due to, among other things, uncertainties in the timing and/or amounts of payments received on the related investments, and/or unequal, inaccurate, or unavailable hedges to perfectly offset changes in future exchange rates.

Valuation of Portfolio Investments

As compensation for its services provided pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor will be paid a Management Fee equal to 1.25% of NAV per annum for the outstanding Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares, and Class I shares, payable monthly in arrears. Our board of trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, has adopted valuation guidelines that contain a comprehensive set of methodologies to be used by the Advisor and our independent valuation advisor in connection with estimating the values of our assets and liabilities for purposes of our NAV calculation.Independent Valuation Advisor. These guidelines are designed to produce a fair and accurate estimate of the price that would be received for our investments in an arm’s-length transaction between a willing buyer and a willing seller in possession of all material information about our investments. Periodically, our board of trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, will review the appropriateness of our valuation procedures. From time to time, our board of trustees, including a majority of our independent trustees, may adopt changes to the valuation guidelines if it (1) determines that such changes are likely to result in a more accurate reflection of NAV or a more efficient or less costly procedure for the determination of NAV without having a material adverse effect on the accuracy of such determination or (2) otherwise reasonably believes a change is appropriate for the determination of NAV. Refer to Item 7. “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations” on our Annual Report on Form

The calculation22


10-K for further information on the valuation methods used for the purposes of our NAV is intended to be a calculation ofdetermining the fair valuevaluations of our assets lessand liabilities, calculating related unrealized gains and losses and our outstandingmonthly NAV.

With regard to the NAV calculations, the same fair values of assets and liabilities as described below and likely differs fromdetermined by the book valueapplication of our equity reflectedthe methods cited above are generally used in our financial statements.monthly NAV calculations. To calculate our NAV for purposes of establishing a purchase and repurchase price for our common shares, we have adopted a model that calculates the fair values of our assets and liabilities in accordance with our valuation guidelines. Because these fair value calculations involve significant professional judgment in the application of both observable and unobservable inputs, the calculated fair value of our assets may differ from their actual realizable value or future fair value. While we believe our NAV calculation methodologies are consistent with standard industry practices, there is no rule or regulation that requires we calculate NAV in a certain way. As a result, other REITs may use different methodologies or assumptions to determine NAV. In addition, NAV is not a measure used under GAAP and the valuations of and certain adjustments made to our assets and liabilities used in the determination of NAV differ from GAAP. Shareholders should not consider NAV to be equivalent to shareholder’sshareholders' equity or any other GAAP measure.

The following valuation methods will be used for purposes of calculating our NAV:

CRE Loans and Other Real Asset Loans. The fair market valuecalculation of our CRE loan and other real asset loan investments willNAV is intended to be determined by the Advisor on a monthly basis. Newly originated or acquired loan investments are initially valued at par in the month that they are closed, which is expected to represent fair value at that time. For each month after the initial month in which a loan investment is closed, the independent valuation advisor will review and confirm the reasonablenesscalculation of the Advisor’s valuations of each of our CRE loan and other real asset loan investments. Valuations of CRE and other real asset loan investments reflect changes in interest rates, spreads, collateral value, loan tests (including loan impairment testing) and metrics, risk ratings, and anticipated liquidation timing and proceeds, among other factors. The fair values will be determined by discounting the future contractual cash flows to the present value using a current market interest rate or spread. The market rate will be determined through consideration of the interest rates for debt of comparable quality and maturity, and, where applicable, the value of the underlying real estate investment.

15


Collateral - For CRE loan and other real asset loan investments, an appraisal will be completed by an independent appraisal firm prior to the closing of each transaction. Appraised values of property collateral are based on comparable sales, occupancy, leasing rates and expirations, discounted cash flows, and anticipated liquidation timing and proceeds, among other factors. The Advisor may choose to obtain an updated third-party appraisal subsequent to the loan closing date if a material event occurs and impacts the collateral.

Real Estate Owned Properties - In the event we pursue an ownership interest in the underlying collateral on a defaulted loan, then the asset will become real estate owned (“REO”) property. REO properties will initially be valued at fair value (prepared by an independent appraiser) less closing costs, at the time of acquisition. Thereafter, as of the end of each month, the Advisor will determine the fair market value of each of the REO properties and the independent valuation adviser will review and confirm the reasonableness of those valuations. Additionally, the REO properties may be valued by an independent appraiser periodically, as determined by the Advisor. Property-level valuations reflect changes in property value based on comparable sales, occupancy, leasing rates and expirations, discounted cash flows, and anticipated liquidation timing and proceeds, among other factors.

Other Real Estate-Related Assets- Our investments in real estate-related assets will focus on non-distressed public and private real estate-related debt securities, including, but not limited to, CMBS and CLOs. In general, real estate-related assets will be valued by the Advisor according to the procedures specified below upon acquisition or issuance and then monthly. Interim valuations of real estate-related assets that are valued monthly may be performed if the Advisor believes the value of the applicable asset may have changed materially since the most recent valuation. In addition, our board of trustees may retain additional independent valuation firms to assist with the valuation of real estate-related assets.

Publicly Traded Real Estate-Related Assets- Publicly traded real-estate related assets that are not restricted as to salability or transferability will be generally valued by the Advisor monthly on the basis of publicly available market quotations or at fair value determined in accordance with GAAP. Market quotations may be obtained from third-party pricing service providers or broker-dealers. When reliable market quotations are available from multiple sources, the Advisor will apply commercially reasonable efforts to use two or more quotations and will typically value the assets based on the average of the quotations obtained. GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or be paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. If market quotations are not readily available (or are otherwise not reliable for a particular investment), the fair value will be determined in good faith by the Advisor. The Advisor may adjust the value of public debt and equity real estate-related assets and derivatives that are restricted as to salability or transferability for a liquidity discount. In determining the amount of such discount, consideration will be given to the nature and length of such restriction and the relative volatility of the market price of the security.

Private Real Estate-Related Assets - Investments in privately placed debt instruments and securities of real estate-related operating businesses (other than joint ventures), such as real estate development or management companies, will be initially valued by the Advisor at the acquisition price and thereafter are revalued monthly at fair value. Each month, the independent valuation advisor will review and confirm the reasonableness of those valuations. The fair value of real-estate related operating businesses will be generally determined by using valuation methodologies such as discounted cash flow and market comparable analysis. The valuation analysis will be supplemented with a qualitative assessment of the businesses’ operating metrics and industry outlook. In evaluating the fair value of our interests in certain commingled investment vehicles, values periodically assigned to such interests byassets less our outstanding liabilities as described below and will likely differ from the respective issuers or broker-dealers may be relied upon.

Derivative Instruments- In the ordinary course of business, we may hedge interest rate and foreign currency exposure with derivative financial instruments. We will report our derivative assets and liabilities at fair value based on price quotes from at least one independent pricing service. The pricing service will value bilateral interest rate swaps and interest rate caps under the income approach using valuation models. The significant inputs in these models are readily available in public markets or can be derived from observable market transactions for substantially the full terms of the contracts. The pricing service will value currency forward contracts under the market approach through the use of quoted market prices available in an active market.

Liquid Non-Real Estate-Related Assets- Liquid non-real estate-related assets include credit rated government debt securities, corporate debt securities, cash and cash equivalents. Liquid non-real estate-related assets will be valued monthly by the Advisor based on market quotations or at fair value determined in accordance with GAAP.

Liabilities- The fair marketbook value of any of our future facilities will be determined by the Advisor on a monthly basis, which will be usedequity reflected in calculating our NAV. New facilities will initially be valued at par, which is expected to represent fair value at that time. Each month thereafter, the independent valuation advisor will review and confirm the reasonableness of the valuations of each facility liability that will be used in calculating NAV. Any changes to the fair value of facilities are expected to reflect changes including interest rates, spreads, and key loan metrics and tests utilizing the collateral value and cash flows, including the estimated liquidation timing and proceeds.

The fair value of any financing liabilities will generally be measured using our valuation guidelines discussed above.

16


financial statements. Each report prepared by the independent valuation advisorIndependent Valuation Advisor is addressed solely to us. The independent valuation advisor’sIndependent Valuation Advisor’s reports are not addressed to the public and may not be relied upon by any other person to establish value of the facilities that will be used in calculating NAV.

Our board of trustees has delegated to the Advisor the responsibility for monitoring significant events that may materially affect the values of our facilities for determining whether the existing valuations should be re-evaluated prior to the next scheduled monthly valuation in light of such significant events. In addition to

Each share class will have an undivided interest in our debt obligations, ourassets and liabilities, include the fees payable to the Advisor and the Dealer Manager, accounts payable, accrued operating expenses, and other liabilities. Liabilities related tothan class-specific shareholder servicing fees, aredistributions payable, the Management Fee and the Performance Fee. In accordance with the valuation guidelines, our fund administrator will calculate our NAV per share for each class as of the last calendar day of each month, including the estimated fair value of (1) real estate debt and other investments owned by us and (2) any other assets and liabilities. Because shareholder servicing fees, distributions payable, the Management Fee and the Performance Fee allocable to Class Ta specific class of shares Class S shares and Class D shares and will only be included in the NAV calculation for those classes. Liabilities relatedthat class, the NAV per share for our classes of shares may differ.

The monthly NAV for each class of shares will be based on the net asset values of our investments, the addition of any other assets (such as cash on hand), and the deduction of any other liabilities (including distributions payable, accrued Management Fees, accrued Performance Fees and the deduction of any shareholder servicing fees specifically applicable to such class of shares). At the end of each month, before taking into consideration repurchases or class-specific expense accruals for that month, any change in our aggregate NAV (whether an increase or decrease) is allocated among each class of shares based on each class’s relative percentage of the previous aggregate NAV plus issuances of shares that were effective on the first calendar day of such month. The NAV calculation is available generally within 15 calendar days after the end of the applicable month. Changes in monthly NAV includes, without limitation, accruals of our net portfolio income, interest expense, the Management Fee, andthe Performance Fee, distributions, unrealized/realized gains and losses on assets, any applicable organization and offering expenses and any expense reimbursements. Changes in monthly NAV also includes material non-recurring events occurring during the month. On an ongoing basis, the Advisor will adjust the accruals to reflect actual operating results and the outstanding receivable, payable and other account balances resulting from the accumulation of monthly accruals for which financial information is available. The operating expenses and organizational and offering expenses which are allocableadvanced by the Advisor to Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares, and Class I shares andbe reimbursed by us will not be included in such calculations until reimbursed to the NAV calculation for only those classes.Advisor.

For purposes of calculating our NAV, neither (1)the organization and offering expenses and operating expenses paid by the Advisor through the first anniversary of the initial closing of our private offering will not be deducted as an expense until reimbursed by the Company (however such expenses may be amortized in order to mitigate these effects). After the first anniversary of the initial closing of our private offering, we will reimburse the Advisor for any organization and offering expenses and operating expenses that it incurs on behalf of us as and when incurred (or promptly thereafter).

Following the aggregation of the net asset values of our investments, the addition of any other assets (such as cash on hand) and the deduction of any other liabilities, our fund administrator incorporates any class-specific adjustments to NAV, including additional issuances and repurchases of shares and accruals of class-specific distributions, Management Fees, Performance Fees and shareholder servicing fees. The declaration of distributions will reduce the NAV for each class of our shares in an amount equal to the accrual of our liability to pay any such distribution to our shareholders of record of each class. NAV per share for each class of shares is calculated by dividing such class’s NAV at the end of each month by the number of shares outstanding for that class at the end of such month.

The following table provides a breakdown of the major components of our total NAV as of March 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands, except for share amount):

March 31, 2024

Amounts

 

Loans receivable, at fair value

$

251,387

 

Cash and cash equivalents - unrestricted

 

2,957

 

Other assets(1)

 

1,831

 

Loans payable, at fair value

 

(164,869

)

Other liabilities

 

(803

)

Distributions payable

 

(549

)

Due to advisor

 

(188

)

Accrued shareholder servicing fees(2)

 

(28

)

Net asset value

$

89,738

 

Number of outstanding shares (all classes)

 

4,466,010

 

23


(1) Other assets represents accrued interest receivable and unamortized debt facility costs. In accordance with the fair value option under U.S. GAAP, direct costs incurred in the establishment of debt facilities are expensed at the time the facilities are established. For purposes of NAV, these costs are capitalized and amortized over the life of the debt facility, therefore included in the above amount.

(2) Under U.S. GAAP, we accrued an estimate of the full cost of the shareholder servicing fees over the life of each share as an offering cost at the time we sold each of the Class T, Class S and Class D shares. For purposes of NAV, we recognize the shareholder servicing fee as a reduction of NAV on a monthly basis.

The following table reconciles U.S. GAAP shareholders’ equity and redeemable common shares per our condensed consolidated balance sheet to our NAV (amounts in thousands):

March 31, 2024

Amounts

 

Shareholders' Equity and Redeemable Common Shares

$

81,790

 

Adjustments:

 

 

Organization and offering costs advanced by Advisor (1)

 

3,195

 

Operating expenses advanced by Advisor (2)

 

1,454

 

Accrued shareholder service fee (3)

 

2,981

 

Unamortized debt facility costs (4)

 

318

 

NAV

$

89,738

 

(1) This represents the unamortized amount of organization and offering costs advanced by the Advisor. The Advisor has agreed to advance organization and offering expenses on behalf of the Company (including legal, accounting, and other expenses attributable to the organization, but excluding upfront selling commissions, dealer manager fees and shareholder servicing fees) through the first anniversary of the date of the initial closing of the continuous private offering, nor offering. The Company will reimburse the Advisor for all such advanced expenses ratably over a 60-month period following the first anniversary of the initial closing of the continuous private offering.

(2) This represents the unamortized amount of operating costs advanced by the Advisor. The Advisor has agreed to advance certain of the Company’s operating expenses paid bythrough the first anniversary of the initial closing of the continuous private offering. The Company will reimburse the Advisor incurred by us duringfor such advanced expenses ratably over the period through60 months following the first anniversary of the initial closing of our continuous private offering, will be recognized asoffering. Operating expenses or as a component of equity and reflected in our NAV until we reimburseincurred after the Advisor for these costs.

Portfolio and Investment Activity

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had not yet completed the initial closing of its continuous private offering and had no portfolio investments.

Results of Operations

As of September 30, 2023, we were in our organizational period and had not commenced significant operations. We are dependent upon the proceeds from the continuous private offering in order to conduct our investment activities. We intend to make investments with the capital received from the continuous private offering and any indebtedness that we may incur in connection with our investment activities.

Our Registration Statement on Form 10 became effective on October 2, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, we had neither purchased nor contracted to purchase any investments.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2023, the Company was still in its organizational period and has not yet commenced principal operations or generated any revenues. Principal operations are expected to commence when common shares are issued in the initial closing of our continuous private offering.

Starwood Capital has agreed, from time to time, to purchase from the Company an aggregate amount of not less than $150 million in Class E shares, at a price per share equal to the Company’s most recently determined NAV of its Class E shares, or if an NAV has yet to be calculated, then $20.00. Further, Starwood Capital has agreed to hold all of the Class E shares it receives in connection with the Initial Capitalization until, (i) with respect to the Class E shares issued in respect of the initial $125 million of its commitment, the earlier of (a) the first date that our NAV reaches $1 billion and (b) the second anniversary of the initial closing of our continuous private offering (ii)will be paid by the Company as incurred.

(3) Under U.S. GAAP, we accrued an estimate of the full cost of the shareholder servicing fees over the life of each share as an offering cost at the time we sold the Class T, Class S and Class D shares. For purposes of NAV, we recognize the shareholder servicing fee as a reduction of NAV on a monthly basis.

(4) In accordance with respectthe fair value option under U.S. GAAP, direct costs incurred in the establishment of debt facilities are expensed at the time the facilities are established. For purposes of NAV, these costs are capitalized and amortized over the life of the debt facility.

The following table provides a breakdown of our total NAV and NAV per share by class as of March 31, 2024 (amounts in thousands, except for per share amount):

March 31, 2024

Class S Common Shares

 

Class I Common Shares

 

Class E Common Shares

 

Total

 

Net asset value

$

39,462

 

 

17,403

 

$

32,873

 

$

89,738

 

Number of outstanding shares

 

1,969

 

 

869

 

 

1,628

 

 

4,466

 

NAV per share

$

20.04

 

$

20.04

 

$

20.19

 

$

20.09

 

Distributions

Any distributions we make will be at the discretion of our board of trustees, considering factors such as our earnings, cash flow, capital needs and general financial condition. As a result, our distribution rates and payment frequency may vary from time to time. Shareholders are not entitled to receive a distribution on shares that are repurchased prior to the Class E shares issued in respect of Starwood Capital’s commitment in excess of $125 million, but not greater than $150 million, at least the second anniversaryapplicable time of the initial closing of our continuous private offering and (iii) with respect to any remaining Class E shares (representing purchases exceeding $150 million), at any time following the initial closing of our continuous private offering. As of September 30, 2023, Starwood Capital and its subsidiaries have made an initial capital contribution of $1,000 in cash, in exchange for 50 common shares. The Company may issue additional Class E shares to Starwood Capital in connection with the Company’s acquisition of additional assets in the future.record date.

We expect to generate cash primarily from (i) the net proceeds of our continuous private offering, (ii) cash flows from our operations, (iii) any financing arrangements we may enter into in the future and (iv) any future offerings of equity and / or debt securities.

Our primary usesboard of cashtrustees’ discretion as to the payment of distributions will be directed, in substantial part, by its determination to cause us to comply with the REIT requirements. To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we generally are required to make aggregate annual distributions to our shareholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the distributions-paid deduction and excluding net capital gains.

Beginning December 29, 2023, we have declared monthly distributions for (i) origination or acquisitioneach class of commercial mortgage loanscommon shares then-outstanding, which are generally paid three days after month-end. Each class of our common stock received the same gross distribution per share, which was $0.1292 per share for the year ended March 31, 2024. The net distribution rates per share vary for each class based on the applicable shareholder servicing fee, which is deducted from the gross distribution per share and other commercial debt investments, CMBS and other commercial real estate-related debt investments, (ii)paid to the costDealer Manager. The table below details the net distribution for each of operations (including the Management Fee and Performance Fee), (iii) debt service of any borrowings, (iv) periodic repurchases, including under our share repurchase plan (as described herein), and (v) cash distributions toclasses for the holders of our shares to the extent declared by our board of trustees.three months ended March 31, 2024:

24


Record Date

Class T Common Shares

 

Class S Common Shares

 

Class D Common Shares

 

Class I Common Shares

 

Class E Common Shares

 

January 31, 2024

 

-

 

$

0.1148

 

 

-

 

$

0.1292

 

$

0.1292

 

February 29, 2024

 

-

 

 

0.1157

 

 

-

 

 

0.1292

 

 

0.1292

 

March 31, 2024

 

-

 

 

0.1148

 

 

-

 

 

0.1292

 

 

0.1292

 

Totals

 

-

 

$

0.3453

 

 

-

 

$

0.3876

 

$

0.3876

 

The Company will seek to enter into bank debt, credit facility, and / or other financing arrangements on at least customary and market terms; however, such incurrence would be subject to prevailing market conditions,following table summarizes our distributions declared during the Company’s liquidity requirements, contractual and regulatory restrictions and other factors.three months ended March 31, 2024 (in thousands):

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had not commenced operations and had no outstanding borrowings.

17


 

 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024

 

Amount

 

%

Distributions

 

 

 

Payable in cash

$

867

 

64.7%

Reinvested in shares

 

473

 

35.3%

Total distributions

$

1,340

 

100%

 

 

 

 

Sources of Distributions

 

 

 

Cash flows from operating activities

$

867

 

100.0%

Offering proceeds

 

-

 

0.0%

Total sources of distributions

$

867

 

100%

 

 

 

Cash flows from operating activities

$

1,720

 

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of the financial statements in accordance with GAAP involves significant judgments and assumptions and requires estimates about matters that are inherently uncertain. These judgments willThere have been no material changes to our Critical Accounting Estimates, including significant accounting policies that we believe are the most affect by our reported amountsjudgment, estimates and assumptions, which are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Recent Accounting Developments

Refer to Note 2 — “Summary of assets and liabilities and our disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates ofSignificant Accounting Policies” to the financial statements for a discussion of recent accounting developments and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses duringexpected impact to the reporting periods. With different estimates or assumptions, materially different amounts could be reported in our financial statements. We consider our accounting policies over investments in real estate and lease intangibles, investments in real estate debt, and revenue recognition to be our critical accounting policies. Refer to Note 3 — “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to our financial statements for further descriptions of such accounting policies.Company.

Revenue Recognition

The guidance in ASC 825 provides a fair value option election that allows entities to make an irrevocable election of fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities. In the cases of loans and securities investments for which the fair value option is elected, loan origination fees and costs related to the origination or acquisition of the instrument should be immediately recognized in earnings. Unrealized gains and losses on assets and liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected are also reported in earnings without deferral. This is because under the fair value option, a lender reports the instrument at its exit price (i.e., the price that would be received to sell the instrument in an orderly transaction), which reflects the market’s assessment of the instrument’s cash flows and risks and does not include any entity-specific costs or fees.Subsequent Events

As discussed in Note 3 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” to our financial statements,On April 25, 2024, the Company has electedinvested in a £150.0 million ($189 million) participation in a £1.4B syndicated credit facility that was established to refinance a portfolio of 312 logistics assets totaling approximately 19 million square feet primarily located in last mile locations across the fair value option for certain eligible financial assets and liabilities including CRE loans, infrastructure loans, real estate securities and liabilities associated with borrowing facilities.UK, in key UK logistics markets. The fair value elections were made to create a more direct alignment betweeninitial term of the Company’s financial reportingunderlying loan is two years and the calculationloan also features three one-year extension options subject to satisfaction of netcertain predefined conditions.

On April 23, 2024, the Company entered into a Master Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement (together with the related transaction documents, the “MS Repurchase Agreement”), with Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A. (“Morgan Stanley”), to finance the acquisition and origination by the Company of eligible investment assets as more particularly described in the MS Repurchase Agreement. The MS Repurchase Agreement provides for asset purchases by Morgan Stanley of up to £150.0 million ($189 million) (the “MS Facility”). As of May 10, 2024, based on the value per shareof the investment pledged as collateral and the maximum advanced rate attributed to such collateral by Morgan Stanley, the Company was permitted to borrow up to £120 million ($150.2 million) under the terms of the MS Repurchase Agreement. The initial borrowing under the MS Repurchase Agreement has been used to determine the prices at which investors can purchase and redeem shares of the Company’s common stock.

The decision to elect the fair value option is determined on an instrument-by-instrument basis and must be applied to an entire instrument and is irrevocable once elected. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value pursuant to this guidance are required to be reported separately on the Company’s balance sheet from those instruments using another accounting method.

Accrual of interest on non-performing loans is ceased at the earlier of (i) the loan becoming significantly past due or (ii) management concluding that a full recovery of all interest and principal is doubtful. Interest income on non-accrual loans in which management expects a full recovery of the loan’s outstanding principal balance is only recognized when received in cash. If a full recovery of principal is doubtful, the cost recovery method is applied whereby any cash received is applied to the outstanding principal balance of the loan. A non-accrual loan is returned to accrual status at such time as the loan becomes contractually current and management believes all future principal and interest will be received according to the contractual loan terms.

For loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality, interest income is only recognized to the extent that the estimate of undiscounted expected principal and interest exceedspartially finance the investment in the loan. Such excess, if any, is recognizedloan participation backed by logistics assets located in the UK as discussed above.

Advances under the MS Repurchase Agreement accrue interest income onat a level-yield basis overper annum rate equal to (i) the lifesum of the loan.Compounded Reference Rate (as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement) and the Applicable Spread (as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement) for asset purchases denominated in British Pound Sterling; (ii) the sum of the EURIBOR Rate or Alternative Rate (EUR) (each as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement), as applicable, and the relevant Applicable Spread for asset purchases denominated in Euros; or (iii) the sum of the BBSY Rate (as defined in the MS Repurchase Agreement) and the relevant Applicable Spread for asset purchases denominated in Australian Dollars. The interest rates described above are subject to adjustment and/or conversion as described in the MS Repurchase Agreement. The maturity date of the Facility is February 15, 2029, subject to one (1) or more one (1) year extension options at Morgan Stanley’s sole discretion.

Income TaxesIn connection with the MS Repurchase Agreement, the Company provided a Guaranty (the “MS Guaranty”), under which the Company guarantees up to a maximum liability of 25% of the then outstanding obligations of the special purpose (indirect) subsidiaries wholly-owned by the Company under the MS Repurchase Agreement. The MS Guaranty may become full recourse to the Company upon the commencement of a voluntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding by Seller or collusive involuntary bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding against Seller or the

25


Company. The Company is also liable under the Guaranty for actual costs, expenses or liabilities actually incurred by Morgan Stanley resulting from customary “bad boy” events as described in the MS Guaranty.

The MS Repurchase Agreement and the MS Guaranty contain representations, warranties, covenants, events of default and indemnities that are customary for agreements of their type.

Subsequent to March 31, 2024 through the date of filing, the Company intendsissued the following shares (in thousands, except for share amounts):

 

Shares

 

Gross Proceeds

 

Class S Common Shares

 

1,499,939

 

$

30,316

 

Class I Common Shares

 

1,257,885

 

 

25,204

 

Class E Common Shares

 

-

 

 

-

 

Total

 

2,757,824

 

$

55,520

 

Subsequent to elect to be taxed as a REITMarch 31, 2024 through the date of filing, the Company also issued the following shares under the Internal Revenue Code,DRIP (in thousands, except for federal income tax purposes, beginning with its taxable year ended December 31, 2023. As long as the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, it generally will not be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on its net taxable income that is currently distributed to its shareholders. A REIT is subject to a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it currently distributes at least 90% of its REIT taxable income (subject to certain adjustments) to its shareholders. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in a taxable year, without the benefit of certain relief provisions, it will be subject to federal and state income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate tax rates. Even if the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, it may also be subject to certain federal, state, local and foreign taxes on its income and assets, including (1) taxes on any undistributed income, (2) taxes related to its taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”), and (3) certain state or local income taxes. The Company's tax returns for three years from the date filed are subject to examination.share amounts):

The Company intends to form wholly-owned subsidiaries to function as TRSs and will file TRS elections, together with such subsidiaries, with the Internal Revenue Service. In general, a TRS may perform additional services for the Company’s tenants and generally may engage in any real estate or non-real estate-related business other than management or operation of a lodging facility or a health care facility. The TRSs will be subject to taxation at the federal, state, local and foreign levels, as applicable, at the regular corporate tax rates. The Company accounts for applicable income taxes by utilizing the asset and liability method. As such, the Company will record deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences resulting from the difference between the carrying value of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. A valuation allowance for deferred tax assets will be provided if the Company believes all or some portion of the deferred tax asset may not be realized.

18


 

Shares

 

Gross Proceeds

 

Class S Common Shares

 

18,223

 

$

365

 

Class I Common Shares

 

9,735

 

 

195

 

Class E Common Shares

 

203

 

 

4

 

Total

 

28,161

 

$

564

 

 

ITEM26


Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKQuantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The primary components of our market risk are expected to relate to interest rates, credit spreads, credit, credit market values, liquidity and foreign currency exchange rates. While we do not seek to avoid risk completely, we believe that risk can be quantified from historical experience, and we seek to actively manage that risk, to earn sufficient compensation to justify taking those risks and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we undertake.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental, monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations, and other factors beyond our control. Our net interest income is expected to be exposed to interest rate volatility primarily as a result of the floating rate nature of the investments we plan to hold and the financing we plan to place on them. Additionally, we may use company-level facilities featuring floating interest rates for liquidity and working capital purposes. Furthermore, we may make investments in fixed and floating rate debt securities and the value of our positions may increase or decrease depending on interest rate movements. Finally, interest rate changes may impact the demand for loans and the availability of financing needed to expand our investment portfolio.

A rise in the general level of interest rates can be expected to lead to higher debt service payment requirements relative to any variable rate investments we hold and to declines in the value of any fixed rate investments we may hold. Rising interest rates carry default risk to our borrowers, because cash flows from underlying properties may fall below the debt service payments due to us on the investments, triggering borrower liquidity covenants. Therefore, we expect to protect property cash flows by requiring borrowers to purchase interest rate caps, which provides a hedge against rising interest rates, whereby the borrower will receive excess cash if interest rates exceed predetermined strike prices. Furthermore, rising interest rates also cause our overall cost of borrowing to increase, partially or fully, offsetting any increase in elevated debt service payments received on our variable rate investments. In general, we will seek to match the interest rate characteristics of our investments with the interest rate characteristics of any related financing obligations. In instances where the interest rate characteristics of an investment and the related financing obligation are not matched, we may mitigate such interest rate risk through the utilization of interest rate derivatives of the same duration. Given our target leverage ratios, an increase in interest rates may result in an increase in our net investment income and the amount of the Performance Fee payable to the Advisor.

A decline in interest rates can be expected to lead to lower debt service payments received from any variable rate investments we may hold, decreases in the interest income earned on any floating rate investments we hold, and increases in the value of any fixed rate investments we hold. To mitigate the impact of reduced earnings as a result of declining interest rates, we expect to structure interest rate floors into each loan where the borrower will be required to pay minimum interest payments should interest rates fall below a predetermined rate. Additionally, reduced interest rates also cause our overall cost of borrowings to decrease. Because our borrowings do not typically feature interest rate floors, but our variable rate investments feature minimum interest payments due to us, declining interest rates may result in an increase to the Company’s net interest income and an increase in the amount of the Performance Fee payable to the Advisor.

The net interest income sensitivity analysis table presented below shows the estimated impact over a twelve-month period of an instantaneous parallel shift in the yield curve, up and down by 100 basis points, on our net interest income, assuming no changes in the composition of our commercial real estate loan investment portfolio and our outstanding borrowings in effect as of March 31, 2024.

The estimated impacted on net interest income is as follows (dollar amounts in thousands):

Change in Interest Rates

 

Projected Increase (Decrease) in Net Interest Income

 

 

Percentage Change in Projected Net Interest Income

+1.00%

 

$

916

 

 

9.60%

-1.00%

 

$

(916

)

 

-9.60%

Credit Spread Risk

Credit spread risk is the risk that interest rate spreads between two different financial instruments will change. In general, U.S. fixed-rate commercial mortgage loans and CMBS are priced based on a spread to U.S. Treasury securities or interest rate swaps. We will generally expect to benefit if credit spreads narrow during the time that we hold a portfolio of mortgage loans, CMBS and/or CLO investments, and we may experience losses if credit spreads widen during the time that we hold a portfolio of mortgage loans, CMBS and/or CLO investments. We will actively monitor our exposure to changes in credit spreads and we may enter into credit total return swaps or take positions in other credit-related derivative instruments to moderate our exposure to losses associated with a widening of credit spreads.

Credit Risk

We expect to beare exposed to credit risk in our investments with respect to a borrower’s ability to make required debt service payments to us and repay the unpaid principal balance in accordance withto the terms of the loan agreement. We expect to manage this risk by conducting a credit analysis prior to making an investment and by actively monitoring our portfolio and the underlying credit quality, including subordination and diversification, of our investments on an ongoing basis. In addition, we intend to re-evaluate the credit risk inherent in our investments on a regular basis taking into consideration a number of fundamental macro-economic factors such as gross domestic product, unemployment, interest rates, capital markets activity, retail sales, store closing/openings, corporate earnings, housing inventory, affordability and regional home price trends.

27


We expect to beare exposed to credit risk with respect to the tenants that occupy properties that serve as collateral to our investments. To mitigate this risk, we seek to avoid large single tenant exposure and we undertake a credit evaluation of major tenants prior to making a loan. This analysis includes extensive due diligence of a potential tenant’s creditworthiness and business, as well as an assessment of the strategic importance of the property to the tenant’s core business operations.

Finally, we may be exposed to counterparty credit risk under the terms of a derivative contract. If the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty will owe us, which creates credit risk for us. If the fair value of a derivative contract is negative, we will owe the counterparty and, therefore, do not have credit risk. We may seek to mitigate the credit risk associated with derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high-quality counterparties.

19


Market Value Risks

We may also be exposed to market value risk with respect to the fair value of our investments, including debt securities, and borrowings due to changes in market conditions, including credit spreads, interest rates, property cash flows, and commercial property values that serve as collateral. We seek to manage our exposure to market risk by originating or acquiring investments secured by different property types located in diverse, but liquid markets with stable credit ratings. The fair value of our investments may fluctuate, therefore the amount we will realize upon any repayment, sale, or an alternative liquidation event is unknown.

Commercial property values are subject to volatility and may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including national, regional and local economic conditions; local real estate conditions; changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments; construction quality, age and design; demographic factors; and retroactive changes to building or similar codes and/or tax and legal considerations. Changes in commercial property values are difficult to predict with accuracy. We model a range of valuation scenarios and the resulting impacts on our investments.

Liquidity Risk

Market disruptions may lead to a significant decline in transaction activity in all or a significant portion of the asset classes in which we intend to invest and may at the same time lead to a significant contraction in short-term and long-term debt and equity funding sources. A decline in liquidity of real estate and real estate-related investments, as well as a lack of availability of observable transaction data and inputs, may make it more difficult to sell our investments or determine their fair values. As a result, we may be unable to sell investments, or only be able to sell investments at a price that may be materially different from the fair values presented. Also, in such conditions, there is no guarantee that the Company’s borrowing arrangements or other arrangements for obtaining leverage will continue to be available or, if available, will be available on terms and conditions acceptable to us. In addition, a decline in market value of our assets may have particular adverse consequences in instances where we borrowed money based on the fair value of our assets. A decrease in the market value of our assets may result in the lender requiring us to post additional collateral or otherwise sell assets at a time when it may not be in our best interest to do so.

Foreign Currency Risk

Our loans and investments that are denominated in a foreign currency are also subject to risks related to fluctuations in exchange rates. Over the term of our investments, we intendgenerally expect to mitigate this risk exposure by matching the currency of our foreign currency assets to the currency of the borrowings that finance those assets. In addition, we expect to typically enter into a series of foreign currency forward contracts to fix the U.S. dollar amount of foreign currency-denominated cash flows (interest income, principal payments and net sales proceeds after the repayment of debt) we expect to receive from our foreign currency denominated investments.

Although we expect to substantially reduce our exposure to changes in net investment income and portfolio value related to changes in foreign exchange rates, our currency hedging strategies may not eliminate all of our currency risk due to, among other things, uncertainties in the timing and/or amounts of payments received on the related investments, and/or unequal, inaccurate, or unavailable hedges to perfectly offset changes in future exchange rates. Additionally, we may be required under certain circumstances to collateralize our currency hedges for the benefit of the hedge counterparty, which could adversely affect our liquidity.

ITEMItem 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

An evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, (asas amended the(the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was made under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”). Based upon this evaluation, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures (a) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC rules and forms and (b) include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurances of achieving the desired control objectives.

28


Changes in Internal Controls over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our “internal control over financial reporting” (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during our most recent quarter to whichthe period covered by this report relatesQuarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

20


 

29


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEMItem 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGSLegal Proceedings

From time to time, we may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. As of September 30, 2023,March 31, 2024, we were not involved insubject to any material legal proceedings.

ITEMItem 1A. RISK FACTORS.Risk Factors

For information regarding factors that could affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, see the risk factors discussed in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Registration StatementAnnual Report on Form 1010-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC, as amended. As of September 30, 2023, thereSEC. There have been no material changes from the risk factors set forth in Item 1A. Risk Factors in our Registration StatementAnnual Report on Form 10.10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

ITEMItem 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES, USE OF PROCEEDS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

We were capitalized throughare engaging in a continuous, unlimited private placement offering of our common shares to “accredited investors” (as defined in Rule 501 promulgated pursuant to the purchaseSecurities Act) made pursuant to exemptions provided by Starwood Real Estate Income Holdings, L.P., a wholly-owned subsidiarySection 4(a)(2) of the Sponsor,Securities Act and applicable state securities laws. On December 1, 2023, we began accepting subscriptions from investors in such private offering. As of 50May 10, 2024, we have issued 3,487,343 Class S common shares, 2,136,163 Class I common shares and 1,634,831 Class E common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $1,000 on July 14, 2023.$146 million, including $0.7 million of commissions. Shares granted to trustees are not included within these amounts, as they are currently unvested. These shares werehave been issued and sold in reliance upon the available exemption from registration pursuant torequirements of the 1933 Act under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

We intend to engage in a continuous private offering of our common shares to “accredited investors” (as defined in Regulation D under the Securities Act) made pursuant to the exemptions provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Actthereof and Regulation D thereunder and applicable state securities laws.promulgated thereunder.

Share Repurchase Plan

On November 10, 2023, our board of trustees adopted a share repurchase plan, whereby shareholders may request on a quarterly basis that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares.shares, and we expect to begin the share repurchase plan in the calendar quarter ended March 31, 2024, which is the first full calendar quarter following the initial closing of the continuous private offering. We may choose to repurchase all, some or none of the shares that have been requested to be repurchased at the end of any particular calendar quarter, in our discretion, subject to any limitations in the share repurchase plan.

Under our share repurchase plan, to the extent we choose to repurchase shares in any particular calendar quarter, we will only repurchase shares following the close of business as of the last calendar day of that calendar quarter (each such date, a “Repurchase Date”). Shares are repurchased at a price equal to the transaction price on the applicable Repurchase Date, except that shares that have not been outstanding for at least one year will be repurchased at 95% of the transaction price (an “Early Repurchase Deduction”). Theprice. This Early Repurchase Deduction does not apply to shares acquired through our distribution reinvestment plan.the DRIP.

The aggregate NAV of total repurchases of Class T, Class S, Class D, Class I and Class E common shares (including repurchases at certain non-U.S. investor access funds primarily created to hold our shares and excluding any Early Repurchase Deduction) under our share repurchase plan is limited to no more than 5% of the aggregate NAV per calendar quarter (measured using the aggregate NAV as of the end of the immediately preceding month). Shares issued to the Advisor pursuant to the Advisory Agreement will not be subject to these repurchase limitations.

In the event that we determine to repurchase some but not all of the shares submitted for repurchase during any calendar quarter under our share repurchase plan, shares repurchased at the end of the calendar quarter will be repurchased on a pro rata basis. All unsatisfied repurchase requests must be resubmitted after the start of the next calendar quarter, or upon the recommencement of the share repurchase plan, as applicable.

Under our share repurchase plan, our board of trustees may amend, suspend or terminate our share repurchase plan at any time if it deems such action to be in our best interest. As a result, share repurchases may not be available each calendar quarter. We may fund repurchase requests from sources other than cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of or repayment under our assets, borrowings or offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources. Should repurchase requests, in our judgment, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our operations or risk having an adverse impact on the Company as a whole, or should we otherwise determine that investing our liquid assets in real estate or other investments rather than repurchasing our shares is in the best interests of the Company as a whole, then we may choose to repurchase fewer shares than have been requested to be repurchased, or none at all. Further, our board of trustees may make exceptions to, modify or suspend our share repurchase plan if it deems in its reasonable judgment such action to be in our best interest.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

None.

21


ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

Election of Trustees

On November 10, 2023,During the sole trustee of the Company increased the size of the board of trustees to five members and elected each of Dennis G. Schuh, Peggy Lamb, Jay N. Levine and Cyrus D. Walker to the board of trustees to fill the vacancies created by such increase, in each case, effective November 10, 2023. The board of trustees has determined that each of Messrs. Levine and Walker and Ms. Lamb is independent in accordance with the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines. The selection of Messrs. Levine and Walker and Ms. Lamb to serve as a trustee was not pursuant to any arrangement or understanding with any other person. Mr. Schuh is affiliated with Starwood Capital and was requested by Starwood Capital to serve on the board of trustees. Each trustee will serve until his or her resignation, removal, death, disqualification, or adjudication of legal incompetence or the election and qualification of his or her successor. There arequarter ended March 31, 2024, no transactions between the Company and any of the trustees that would be required to be reported under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K.

Ms. Lamb and Mr. Levine will serve on the Audit Committee of the Board of trustee and Mr. Levine will serve as the Chairperson of the Audit Committee. The board of trustees has determined that each of Ms. Lamb and Mr. Levine meet all applicable requirements to serve on the Company’s Audit Committee, including the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Biographical information for each of the trustees elected is set forth below.

Dennis G. Schuh, 51, has served as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and President since its formation in June 2023 and as a trustee since November 2023. Mr. Schuh has also served as the Chief Originations Officer of Starwood Property Trust since February 2016. In this role, Mr. Schuh is responsible for national originations, including senior debt, mezzanine and preferred equity investments. Prior to joining Starwood Property Trust in 2016, Mr. Schuh was a Managing Director for J.P. Morgan from 1997 to February 2016, where he held several roles as head of CMBS Banking/Origination and head of CMBS Capital Markets. Before joining J.P. Morgan in 1997, Mr. Schuh worked at Fitch Ratings where he rated CMBS and REITs. He served on the Board of Governors for the CRE Finance Council from 2006 to 2008 and on its Executive Committee from 2007 to 2008. Mr. Schuh graduated from Georgetown University with a BS in Business Administration with a degree in Finance.

Peggy Lamb, 59, has served as an independent trustee since November 2023. Ms. Lamb has also served as a member of the board of directors of Starwood Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. since January 2021. Since 2017, she has served as a Managing Director of Halstatt, LLC, where she is a principal at Halstatt Real Estate Partners, a real estate investment fund. In her role, Ms. Lamb is responsible for originating, structuring, underwriting, and closing real estate investments, as well as managing an existing diverse investment portfolio across multiple asset types. Ms. Lamb worked at Goldman Sachs from 1990 to 2005 and served in a number of management roles including as COO for Investment Banking Real Estate Department and Chief of Staff for the Financing Group. Ms. Lamb received an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School and a B.S. from the University of Illinois.

Cyrus D. Walker, 55, has served as an independent trustee since November 2023. Since August 2023, Mr. Walker has served as a Strategic Advisor for Fifth Down Capital, an investment firm that focuses on private companies in the global internet, software, consumer and fintech industries, where he advises on strategic leveraging of networks to actively create and enhance opportunities aligning with the firm's mission to invest in generational companies. Since February 2022, Mr. Walker has been a principal at Discovery Land Company, a U.S.-based real estate developer and operator of private communities and resorts. In addition, Mr. Walker has been an operating partner at Vistria Group, a private equity investment firm, and has served as a director for The Mather Group, an investment advisory firm and affiliate of Vistria Group since January 2022. Mr. Walker has served as a director for Flores & Associates LLC since August 2022, also a Vistria Group affiliated company. From April 2018 to March 2022, Mr. Walker served as the founder and Chief Executive Officer of The Dibble Group, an insurance brokerage and consulting firm. From January 2000, Mr. Walker served in several roles at Nemco Group, LLC, an insurance brokerage and consulting firm, including serving as its Co-Chief Executive Officer until April 2012, when it was acquired by a subsidiary of NFP Corp., a multi-national insurance brokerage and consulting business. Mr. Walker also founded and served as Chief Executive Officer of OSI Benefits, an insurance brokerage consulting firm and division of Opportunity Systems, Inc., from 1995 to January 2000. Mr. Walker has served as a director of Houlihan Lokey, Inc. since November 2020 and Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee since January 2021, as a director of APi Group Corporation since October 2019 and Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of APi Group Corporation since March 2021, and has served on the board of directors of privately held jewelry company, Kendra Scott, LLC, since May 2021. Mr. Walker was previously a director of Arbor Rapha Capital Bioholdings Corp. I, a blank check company from March 2021 to March 2023. Mr. Walker received a B.A. from Colorado College.

Jay N. Levine, 61, has served as an independent trustee since November 2023. Mr. Levine’s distinguished operating track record and leadership experience within public and private financial services markets spans over 30 years. From December 2020 to May 2022, Mr. Levine served as Chief Executive Officer of Cascade Acquisition Corp (NYSE: CAS), an incorporated blank check company for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. Between March 2011 and December 2020, Mr. Levine served as Chairman of the Board (June 2018 – December 2020) and President and Chief Executive Officer (March 2011 – September 2018) of OneMain Financial (NYSE: “OMF”, f.k.a. “Springleaf”), a provider of personal loans and other financial services to consumers. Prior to OneMain, Mr. Levine served as President, CEO and a Director of Capmark Financial Group (“Capmark”), a commercial real estate finance company, as part of its corporate restructuring from 2008 until 2011. From 2000 until 2008, Mr. Levine served as President, CEO and a member of the Board of Directors of Royal Bank of Scotland (“RBS”) Global Banking & Markets in North America, as well as CEO of its predecessor entity, RBS Greenwich Capital. Additionally, from November 2019 through August 2020, Mr. Levine served on the Board of Directors of FinServ Acquisition Corp. (NASDAQ: FSRV), a SPAC focused on the financial services industry. Mr. Levine earned a bachelor’s degree from the University of California Davis.

22


In connection with the election of such trustees, the Company entered into an indemnification agreement with each of Messrs. Levine, Walker and Schuh and Ms. Lamb, effective as of November 10, 2023. The terms of the indemnification agreement are substantially identical to the terms of the indemnification agreements the Company has entered into with each of its other trustees and executive officers. The indemnification agreement requires, among other things, that, subject to certain limitations, the Company will indemnify each of Messrs. Levine, Walker and Schuh and Ms. Lamb and advance to such trustee all related expenses, subject to reimbursement if it is subsequently determined that indemnification is not permitted. This description of the indemnification agreement is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by the full terms of the Company’s form of indemnification agreement, which was included as Exhibit 10.4 to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed with the SEC on October 31, 2023 and incorporated herein by reference.

For their service as a trustee, each of each of Messrs. Levine and Walker and Ms. Lamb will be compensated in accordance with the Compensation Policies (as defined below).

Independent Trustee Compensation

On November 10, 2023, the board of trustees adopted an independent trustee compensation policy (the “Independent Trustee Compensation Policy”) and an independent trustee restricted common share plan (the “Independent Trustee Restricted Common Share Plan” and, together with the Independent Trust Compensation Policy, the “Compensation Policies”), in each case, effective November 10, 2023. Pursuant to the terms of the Compensation Policies, each of the Company’s non-employee trustees who are not affiliated with the Advisor or Starwood Capital will be compensated for their service as a trustee with an annual retainer of $75,000, plus an additional annual retainer of $15,000 for the chairperson of the Audit Committee (the “Annual Compensation”). The Annual Compensation is payable in quarterly installments, with (i) 75% of the Annual Compensation payable in cash and (ii) the remaining 25% in an annual grant of restricted Class E common shares issued at a price per share equal to the most recently determined NAV per Class E common share as of the date of grant, which will vest one year from the date of grant; provided that, in connection with the first annual grant, the restricted Class E common shares will be based on the initial per share price of common shares offered in the Company’s continuous private offering. In addition, on November 10, 2023, the board of trustees approved initial grants of restricted Class E common shares as set forth in the Compensation Policies, which will be issued on the third business day following the initial closing of the Company’s continuous private offering.

The description of the Compensation Policies is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by the full terms of the Compensation Policies, which are filed as Exhibit 10.4, Exhibit 10.5 and Exhibit 10.6 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference.

Starwood Capital Subscription Agreement

On November 13, 2023, the Company entered into a subscription agreement (the “Starwood Subscription Agreement”), by and between the Company and Starwood Capital, pursuant to which Starwood Capital has agreed, from time to time, to purchase from the Company an aggregate amount of not less than $150 million in Class E shares, at a price per share equal to the Company’s most recently determined NAV of its Class E shares, or if an NAV has yet to be calculated, then $20.00 (the “Initial Capitalization”). Starwood Capital has agreed to hold all of the Class E shares it receives in connection with the Initial Capitalization until, (i) with respect to the Class E shares issued in respect of the initial $125 million of its commitment, the date that is the earlier of (a) the first date that the Company’s NAV reaches $1 billion and (b) the second anniversary of the initial closing of the Company’s continuous private offering, (ii) with respect to the Class E shares issued in respect of Starwood Capital’s commitment in excess of $125 million, but not greater than $150 million, the date that is the second anniversary of the initial closing of the Company’s continuous private offering and (iii) with respect to any remaining Class E shares (representing purchases exceeding $150 million), at any time following the initial closing of the Company’s continuous private offering (such dates referred to in (i) – (iii), collectively, the “Applicable Liquidity Date”). Following the Applicable Liquidity Date, Starwood Capital may, from time to time, request to have such Class E shareswere repurchased by the Company at a price per share equal to the most recently determined NAV per Class E share as of the repurchase date (each, a “Starwood Repurchase”). The Class E shares issued in the Initial Capitalization are not eligible for repurchase pursuant to the Company’s share repurchase plan and are not therefore subject to the quarterly limitation or the Early Repurchase Deduction.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, for so long as Starwood Capital or its affiliate acts as the Advisor, the Company will not effect any Starwood Repurchase in any quarter that the full amount of all common shares requested to be repurchased by shareholders other than Starwood Capital and its affiliates under the share repurchase plan are not repurchased or the share repurchase plan has been suspended.plan.

The description of the Starwood Subscription Agreement is a summary and is qualified in its entirety by the full terms of the Starwood Subscription Agreement, which is filed as Exhibit 10.3 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference.Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

23None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure

None.

30


Item 5. Other Information

None.

31


 

Share Repurchase PlanItem 6. Exhibits and Distribution Reinvestment PlanFinancial Statement Schedules

Effective as(a)
List of November 10, 2023, the board of trustees adopted a share repurchase plan (the “Share Repurchase Plan”), pursuant to which shareholders may request on a quarterly basis that the Company repurchase all or any portion of their common shares, subject to certain limitations as set forth therein. documents filed:
(1)
The aggregate NAV of total repurchases of Class T shares, Class S shares, Class D shares, Class E shares and Class I shares (including repurchases at certain non-U.S. investor access funds primarily created to hold the Company’s shares) under its share repurchase plan is limited to no more than 5%Financial Statements of the Company’s aggregate NAV per calendar quarter (measured using the aggregate NAV as of the end of the immediately preceding month). In addition, effective as of November 10, 2023, the board of trustees adopted a distribution reinvestment plan (the “DRP”Company. (See Item 1 above.), whereby shareholders will have their cash distributions automatically reinvested in additional common shares unless they elect to receive their distributions in cash. The foregoing description of the DRP does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the DRP, a copy of which is included as Exhibit 4.1 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference.
(2)

Exhibits

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, no trustee or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) of the Company adopted, modified or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or a “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as each such term is defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

 

Exhibit No.

Number

Exhibit Description

3.1

Certificate of Trust of Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust,the Company, dated June 28, 2023 (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed on August 3, 2023 and incorporated by reference herein)

4.1

Distribution Reinvestment Plan

10.13.2

Dealer Manager Agreement,Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of the Company, dated as of October 31,December 1, 2023 by and between Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust and Starwood Capital, L.L.C. (filed as Exhibit 10.13.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 3,December 6, 2023 and incorporated by reference herein)

10.23.3

Bylaws of the Company, dated December 1, 2023 (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 6, 2023 and incorporated by reference herein)

10.1*

 

Form of Participating Broker-DealerMaster Repurchase and Securities Contract Agreement, between the Dealer Managerdated April 23, 2024, by and participating broker-dealers (includedamong SCREDIT Mortgage Funding Sub-4, LLC, as Exhibit A to the Dealer Manager Agreement filedSeller, SCREDIT Mortgage Funding Sub-4-T, LLC, as Exhibit 10.1 hereof)Seller, and Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., as Purchaser

10.310.2*

 

Subscription Agreement,Guaranty, dated November 13, 2023,April 23, 2024, made by and between Starwood Credit Real Estate Income Trust and Starwood Real Estate Income Holdings, L.P.in favor of Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A.

10.431.1*

Independent Trustee Compensation Policy, effective as of November 10, 2023

10.5

Independent Trustee Restricted Common Share Plan, dated November 10, 2023

10.6

Form of Restricted Common Share Award Certificate

31.1

Certification of PrincipalChief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuantpursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

31.231.2*

Certification of PrincipalChief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuantpursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.132.1**

Certification of PrincipalChief Executive Officer Pursuantpursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuantadopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.232.2**

Certification of PrincipalChief Financial Officer Pursuantpursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuantadopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101

The following financial statementsinformation from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2023March 31, 2024, formatted in inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet (Unaudited),Sheet; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations (Unaudited),Operations; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Redeemable Common Shares and Equity (Unaudited), (v)Shareholders' Equity; and (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited), (vi) the Notes to Financial Statements (Unaudited), and (vii) cover page

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline(embedded within the Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)document)

 

* Filed herewith

** Furnished herewith

The agreements and other documents filed as exhibits to this report are not intended to provide factual information or other disclosure other than with respect to the terms of the agreements or other documents themselves, and you should not rely on them for that purpose. In particular, any representations and warranties made by us in these agreements or other documents were made solely within the specific context of the relevant agreement or document and may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time.

32


24


SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

STARWOOD CREDIT REAL ESTATE INCOME TRUST

Date: November 14, 2023May 10, 2024

 

 

By: /s/ Dennis G. Schuh

/s/ Dennis G. Schuh

 

Name: Dennis G. Schuh

 

Title: Chief Executive Officer and President

 

(Principal Executive Officer)

 

 

 

 

Date: November 14, 2023May 10, 2024

By:

/s/ Marc A. Fox

 

Name: Marc A. Fox

 

Title: Chief Financial Officer

 

(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 

2533