Table of Contents

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 _____________________________________________
Form 10-Q
 _____________________________________________
(Mark One)
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended MarchDecember 31, 2017
Or
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission file number 001-36056000-27038
 _____________________________________________
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 _____________________________________________
Delaware 94-3156479
(State or Other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
  
1 Wayside Road
Burlington, Massachusetts
 01803
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
(781) 565-5000
 _____________________________________________
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerýAccelerated filer
¨

Emerging growth company¨
Non-accelerated filer¨(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting company¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.      Yes  ¨    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

The number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, outstanding as of April 28, 2017January 31, 2018 was 287,655,022.293,699,330.



NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
    Page
Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited):  
 a)Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 and 2016 
 b)
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) Income for the three and six months ended
March December 31, 2017 and 2016

 
 c)Consolidated Balance Sheets at MarchDecember 31, 2017 and September 30, 20162017 
 d)Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 and 2016 
 e) 
Item 2.  
Item 3.  
Item 4.  
 
Item 1.  
Item 1A.  
Item 2.  
Item 3.  
Item 4.  
Item 5.  
Item 6.  
 
Certifications  




Table of Contents


Part I. Financial Information 
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
  Three Months Ended December 31,
  2017 2016
 
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:    
Professional services and hosting $259,027
 $253,417
Product and licensing 161,810
 151,752
Maintenance and support 80,808
 82,489
Total revenues 501,645
 487,658
Cost of revenues:    
Professional services and hosting 172,528
 164,892
Product and licensing 19,069
 18,378
Maintenance and support 14,241
 13,598
Amortization of intangible assets 15,356
 15,542
Total cost of revenues 221,194
 212,410
Gross profit 280,451
 275,248
Operating expenses:    
Research and development 73,366
 66,322
Sales and marketing 101,960
 101,516
General and administrative 52,892
 39,790
Amortization of intangible assets 23,064
 27,859
Acquisition-related costs, net 5,561
 9,026
Restructuring and other charges, net 14,801
 6,703
Total operating expenses 271,644
 251,216
Income from operations 8,807
 24,032
Other (expense) income:    
Interest income 2,192
 1,023
Interest expense (36,070) (38,021)
Other expense, net (222) (610)
Loss before income taxes (25,293) (13,576)
(Benefit) provision for income taxes (78,521) 10,353
Net income (loss) $53,228
 $(23,929)
Net income (loss) per share:    
Basic $0.18
 $(0.08)
Diluted $0.18
 $(0.08)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:    
Basic 291,367
 288,953
Diluted 295,995
 288,953








See accompanying notes.

NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONSCOMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
 Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
Revenues:       
Professional services and hosting$258,690
 $240,196
 $512,107
 $467,331
Product and licensing159,258
 158,622
 311,010
 337,672
Maintenance and support81,625
 79,915
 164,114
 159,845
Total revenues499,573
 478,733
 987,231
 964,848
Cost of revenues:       
Professional services and hosting164,170
 154,712
 329,062
 307,971
Product and licensing18,790
 20,823
 37,168
 44,235
Maintenance and support13,240
 13,626
 26,838
 26,922
Amortization of intangible assets17,218
 16,339
 32,760
 31,970
Total cost of revenues213,418
 205,500
 425,828
 411,098
Gross profit286,155
 273,233
 561,403
 553,750
Operating expenses:       
Research and development66,232
 67,226
 132,554
 137,751
Sales and marketing93,674
 92,837
 195,190
 193,427
General and administrative41,518
 45,940
 81,308
 86,441
Amortization of intangible assets27,912
 26,448
 55,771
 53,481
Acquisition-related costs, net5,379
 1,225
 14,405
 3,705
Restructuring and other charges, net19,911
 6,652
 26,614
 14,540
Total operating expenses254,626
 240,328
 505,842
 489,345
Income from operations31,529
 32,905
 55,561
 64,405
Other income (expense):       
Interest income1,280
 1,616
 2,303
 2,499
Interest expense(37,853) (32,328) (75,874) (62,208)
Other (expense) income, net(19,623) 6
 (20,232) (6,795)
(Loss) income before income taxes(24,667) 2,199
 (38,242) (2,099)
Provision for income taxes9,141
 9,245
 19,494
 17,012
Net loss$(33,808) $(7,046) $(57,736) $(19,111)
Net loss per share:       
Basic$(0.12) $(0.02) $(0.20) $(0.06)
Diluted$(0.12) $(0.02) $(0.20) $(0.06)
Weighted average common shares outstanding:       
Basic291,021
 298,021
 289,976
 303,050
Diluted291,021
 298,021
 289,976
 303,050
 Three Months Ended December 31,
 2017 2016
 (Unaudited)
 (In thousands)
Net income (loss)$53,228
 $(23,929)
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Foreign currency translation adjustment1,515
 (30,566)
Pension adjustments116
 118
Unrealized loss on marketable securities(277) (31)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net1,354
 (30,479)
Comprehensive income (loss)$54,582
 $(54,408)
See accompanying notes.



NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
 Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 (Unaudited)
 (In thousands)
Net loss$(33,808) $(7,046) $(57,736) $(19,111)
Other comprehensive income (loss):       
Foreign currency translation adjustment17,947
 17,567
 (12,619) 8,663
Pension adjustments118
 76
 236
 150
Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities27
 100
 (4) 33
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net18,092

17,743
 (12,387) 8,846
Comprehensive (loss) income$(15,716) $10,697
 $(70,123) $(10,265)





































See accompanying notes.



NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
March 31, 2017 September 30, 2016December 31,
2017
 September 30,
2017
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per
share amounts)
(In thousands, except per
share amounts)
ASSETS
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$625,640
 $481,620
$398,461
 $592,299
Marketable securities160,836
 98,840
112,044
 251,981
Accounts receivable, less allowances for doubtful accounts of $11,998 and $11,038385,895
 380,004
Accounts receivable, less allowances for doubtful accounts of $13,013 and $14,333432,552
 395,392
Prepaid expenses and other current assets92,411
 78,126
105,411
 88,269
Total current assets1,264,782
 1,038,590
1,048,468
 1,327,941
Marketable securities44,697
 27,632
42,115
 29,844
Land, building and equipment, net167,985
 185,169
172,748
 176,548
Goodwill3,525,899
 3,508,879
3,600,768
 3,590,608
Intangible assets, net735,965
 762,220
627,556
 664,474
Other assets135,023
 138,980
145,902
 142,508
Total assets$5,874,351
 $5,661,470
$5,637,557
 $5,931,923
      
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:  
Current portion of long-term debt$366,604
 $
$
 $376,121
Contingent and deferred acquisition payments29,795
 9,468
15,506
 28,860
Accounts payable98,290
 94,599
82,674
 94,604
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities194,928
 237,659
193,406
 245,901
Deferred revenue390,039
 349,173
427,541
 366,042
Total current liabilities1,079,656
 690,899
719,127
 1,111,528
Long-term portion of debt2,217,869
 2,433,152
Long-term debt2,299,594
 2,241,283
Deferred revenue, net of current portion412,363
 386,960
453,106
 423,929
Deferred tax liabilities125,282
 115,435
35,769
 131,320
Other liabilities89,511
 103,694
104,830
 92,481
Total liabilities3,924,681
 3,730,140
3,612,426
 4,000,541
      
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)
 

 
      
Stockholders’ equity:      
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share; 560,000 shares authorized; 291,370 and 291,384 shares issued and 287,619 and 287,633 shares outstanding, respectively291
 291
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share; 560,000 shares authorized; 297,243 and 293,938 shares issued and 293,492 and 290,187 shares outstanding, respectively297
 294
Additional paid-in capital2,581,454
 2,492,992
2,669,291
 2,629,245
Treasury stock, at cost (3,751 shares)(16,788) (16,788)(16,788) (16,788)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(128,521) (116,134)(99,988) (101,342)
Accumulated deficit(486,766) (429,031)(527,681) (580,027)
Total stockholders’ equity1,949,670
 1,931,330
2,025,131
 1,931,382
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$5,874,351
 $5,661,470
$5,637,557
 $5,931,923






See accompanying notes.

NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
Six Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 20162017 2016
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net loss$(57,736) $(19,111)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Net income (loss)$53,228
 $(23,929)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization116,644
 115,826
54,315
 58,006
Stock-based compensation79,478
 80,511
37,986
 39,130
Non-cash interest expense26,771
 21,215
13,341
 13,039
Deferred tax provision5,643
 3,738
Loss on extinguishment of debt18,565
 4,851
Deferred tax (benefit) provision(97,226) 2,006
Other13,286
 (135)631
 1,856
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions:   
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding effects of acquisitions:   
Accounts receivable(1,431) 22,110
(36,340) (9,713)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(12,295) (16,765)(18,972) (15,999)
Accounts payable(1,000) 2,697
(11,856) (21,244)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(10,579) 7,334
3,099
 5,841
Deferred revenue72,988
 78,792
87,899
 75,907
Net cash provided by operating activities250,334
 301,063
86,105
 124,900
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Capital expenditures(18,787) (32,235)(12,543) (11,399)
Payments for business and asset acquisitions, net of cash acquired(72,990) (27,399)(8,648) (22,949)
Purchases of marketable securities and other investments(153,851) (32,757)(32,447) (72,797)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities and other investments69,658
 32,681
159,805
 10,105
Net cash used in investing activities(175,970) (59,710)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities106,167
 (97,040)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Payments of debt(634,055) (511,844)
Payments and redemption of debt(331,172) 
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs838,959
 663,757

 495,000
Payments for repurchase of common stock(99,077) (574,338)
Acquisition payments with extended payment terms(16,880) 
Net payments on other long-term liabilities(206) (1,084)(65) (87)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from employee stock plans8,598
 8,440
6
 45
Cash used to net share settle employee equity awards(43,353) (56,973)(38,617) (40,360)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities70,866
 (472,042)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(386,728) 454,598
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(1,210) 1,930
618
 (2,471)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents144,020
 (228,759)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(193,838) 479,987
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period481,620
 479,449
592,299
 481,620
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$625,640
 $250,690
$398,461
 $961,607















See accompanying notes.


4

Table of Contents
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


1.Organization and Presentation
1. Organization and Presentation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Nuance Communications, Inc. (“Nuance”, “we”, "our", or “the Company”) and our wholly-owned subsidiaries. We prepared thesethe unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (the “U.S.” or the "United States") and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that, in our opinion, are necessary to present fairly our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated.presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and classifications of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Although we believe the disclosures in theseincluded herein are adequate to ensure that the condensed consolidated financial statements are adequate to make the informationfairly presented, not misleading, certain information in theand footnote disclosures ofto the financial statements hashave been condensed or omitted where it substantially duplicates information provided in our latest audited consolidated financial statements, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC. Accordingly, thesethe condensed consolidated financial statements and the footnotes included herein should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes theretofootnotes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016.2017. The results of operations for the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire fiscal year or any future period.
We have evaluated subsequent events from March 31, 2017 through the date
2. Summary of the issuance of these consolidated financial statements and have determined that no material subsequent events have occurred that would affect the information presented in these consolidated financial statements.Significant Accounting Policies
2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In January 2017,October 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards BoardFASB issued ASU 2016-16, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory" ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2017-01, “Clarifying the Definition of a Business” (“ASU 2017-01”2016-16"), which provides guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals)requires income tax consequences of inter-company transfers of assets or businesses. ASU 2017-01 requires entities to use a screen test to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not a business or if the integrated set of assets and activities needsother than inventory to be further evaluated againstrecognized when the framework.transfer occurs. ASU 2017-012016-16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those years, with early adoption permitted. Effective January 2017, weWe early adopted the guidance during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. As a result, deferred tax liabilities of $0.9 million arising from inter-company transfers in prior years were recognized and recorded against the beginning balance of accumulated deficit in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. The adoption had noof the guidance does not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Effective October 1, 2016, we implemented ASU No. 2015-02, “Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis” ("ASU 2015-02"). The amendments in ASU 2015-02 provide guidance on evaluating whether a company should consolidate certain legal entities. In accordance with the guidance, all legal entities are subject to reevaluation under the revised consolidation model. The implementation of ASU 2015-02 had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Effective October 1, 2016, we implemented ASU No. 2014-15, "Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity's Ability to Continue as a Going Concern" ("ASU 2014-15"), to provide guidance on management's responsibility in evaluating whether there is substantial doubt about a company's ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. The implementation of ASU 2014-15 had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Effective October 1, 2016, we implemented ASU No. 2014-12, "Accountingstatements for Share-Based Payments When the Terms of an Award Provide That a Performance Target Could Be Achieved after the Requisite Service Period" ("ASU 2014-12"). ASU 2014-12 requires that a performance target that affects vesting and could be achieved after the requisite serviceany period be treated as a performance condition. The implementation of ASU 2014-12 had no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


presented.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by the FASB and are adopted by us as of the specified effective dates. Unless otherwise discussed, such pronouncements did not have or will not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows or do not apply to our operations.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments" ("ASU 2016-15"), which provides guidance on the classification of certain specific cash flow issues including debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, settlement of certain debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of certain insurance claims and distributions received from equity method investees. The standard requires the use of a retrospective approach to all periods presented, but may be applied prospectively if retrospective application would be impracticable. ASU 2016-15 is effective for us infiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and the first quarterinterim periods therein, with early adoption permitted. The guidance requires cash flows with multiple characteristics to be classified using a three-step process, including (i) determining whether explicit guidance is applicable, (ii) separating each identifiable source or use of fiscal year 2019,cash flows, and early application is permitted.(iii) determining the predominant source or use of cash flows when the source or use of cash flows cannot be separately identifiable. We are currentlystill evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2016-15 on our statement of cash flows, but do not expect it to have a material impact.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, "Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting" ("ASU 2016-09"), which is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including the income tax effects, statutory withholding requirements, forfeitures, and classification on the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, and early application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2016-09guidance on our consolidated financial statements but do not expect it to have a material impact.statement.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases" ("ASU 2016-02"). ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize on the balance sheet a right-of-use asset, representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, and a lease liability for all leases with terms greater than 12 months. The guidance also requires qualitative and quantitative disclosures designed to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The standard requires the use of a modified retrospective transition approach, which includes a number of optional practical expedients that entities may elect to apply. ASU 2016-02 is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020, and early application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2016-02 on our consolidated financial statements, and we currently expect that most of our operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and recognized as operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets upon our adoption of ASU 2016-02, which will increase our total assets and total liabilities that we report relative to such amounts prior to adoption.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("ASU 2016-01"). ASU 2016-01 amends the guidance on the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Although ASU 2016-01 retains many current requirements, it significantly revises accounting related to the classification and measurement of investments in equity securities and the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value. ASU 2016-01 also amends certain disclosure requirements associated with the fair value of financial instruments and is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. Based on the composition of our investment portfolio, we do not believe the adoption of ASU 2016-01 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

5


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Topic 606" ("ASU 2014-09"), to supersede nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance under U.S. GAAP. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is to recognize revenues when promised goods or services are transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that is expected to be received for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 defines a five stepfive-step process to achieve this core principle and, in doing so, it is possible more judgment and estimates may be required within the revenue recognition process than required under existing U.S. GAAP including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. ASU 2014-09 permits two methods of adoption: (i) retrospective to each prior reporting period presented; or (ii) retrospective with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of initial application. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of the new revenue standard for periods beginning after December 15, 2016 to December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted but not earlier than the original effective date.  Accordingly, the updated standard is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and we do not plan to early adopt. In the first quarter of fiscal 2017, we commenced a project to assess the potential impact of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. This project also includes the assessment and enhancement of our internal processes and systems to address the new standard. WeWhile we are continuing to assess all potential impacts of the new standard, we currently believe the most significant impact relates to our accounting for arrangements that include term-based software licenses bundled with maintenance and support. Under current GAAP, the revenue attributable to these software licenses is recognized ratably over the term of the arrangement because vendor-specific objective evidence ("VSOE") does not exist for the undelivered maintenance and support element as it is not sold separately. The requirement to have not yet selectedVSOE for undelivered elements to enable the separation of revenue for the delivered software licenses is eliminated under the new standard. Accordingly, under the new standard we will be required to recognize as revenue a transition method.
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


3.Business Acquisitions
As partportion of the arrangement fee upon delivery of the software license. While we currently expect revenue related to our business strategy,professional services and cloud offerings to remain substantially unchanged, we have acquired, and may acquireare still in the future, certain businessesprocess of evaluating the impact of the new standard on these arrangements. We plan to adopt this guidance beginning on October 1, 2018 and technologies primarilyapply the cumulative catch-up transition method, with a cumulative adjustment to retained earnings as opposed to retrospectively adjusting prior periods.
3. Business Acquisitions
We continue to expand our productssolutions and service offerings.integrate our technologies in new offerings through acquisitions. A summary of our acquisition activities for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is as follows:
Fiscal Year 2018
In the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, we completed an acquisition in our Healthcare segment for a total cash consideration of $8.7 million and contingent payments at fair value of $0.5 million. As a result, we recognized goodwill of $6.8 million, and other intangible assets of $2.0 million, with a weighted average life of 2.0 years. The acquisition does not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements for the period.
Fiscal Year 2017 Acquisitions
In the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, we acquiredcompleted several businessesacquisitions in our Enterprise and Healthcare segments for a total cash consideration of $24.2 million and Mobile segments thatcontingent payments at fair value of $1.7 million. As a result, we recognized goodwill of $15.7 million, and other intangible assets of $10.4 million, with a weighted average life of 6.0 years. Such acquisitions were not significant individually or in the aggregate. The total aggregate consideration for these acquisitions was $53.5 million, including the issuance of 0.8 million shares of our common stock valued at $13.4 million and a $3.3 million estimated fair value for future contingent payments. The results of operations of these acquisitions have been included in our financial results since their respective acquisition dates.
The fair value estimates for the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for acquisitions completed during fiscal year 2017 were based upon preliminary calculations and valuations, and our estimates and assumptions for each of these acquisitions are subject to change as we obtain additional information during the respective measurement periods (up to one year from the respective acquisition dates). The primary areas of preliminary estimates that were not yet finalized related to certain assets and liabilities acquired. There were no significant changes to the fair value estimates during the current year.
We have not furnished pro forma financial information related to our current year acquisitions because such information is not material, individually or in the aggregate, to our financial results. We have also not presented revenue or the results of operations for each of these business combinations, from the date of acquisition, as they were similarly neither material nor significant to our consolidated financial results.
Fiscal Year 2016 Acquisitions
Acquisition of TouchCommerce, Inc. 
In August 2016, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of TouchCommerce. TouchCommerce is a provider of omni-channel solutions to engage their customers on any device through online chat, guides, personalized content, and other automated tools, resulting in enhanced customer experience, increased revenue and reduced support costs. We expect this acquisition to expand our customer care solutions with a range of new digital engagement offerings, including live chat, customer analytics and personalization solutions within our Enterprise segment. We expect to be able to provide an end-to-end engagement platform that merges intelligent self-service with assisted service to increase customer satisfaction, strengthen customer loyalty and improve business results. The aggregate consideration for this transaction was $218.1 million, and included $113.0 million paid in cash and $85.0 million paid in our common stock. The remaining $20.1 million is expected to be paid in November 2017 at the conclusion of an indemnity period in either cash or our common stock, at our election. The acquisition was a stock purchase and the goodwill resulting from this acquisition is not deductible for tax purposes. The results of operations for this acquisition have been included in our Enterprise segment from the acquisition date.
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


A summary of the preliminary allocation of the purchase consideration for our TouchCommerce acquisition is as follows (dollars in thousands):
 Touch-Commerce
Purchase consideration: 
Cash$113,008
Common stock(a)
85,000
Deferred acquisition payment20,140
Total purchase consideration$218,148
  
Allocation of the purchase consideration: 
Cash$137
Accounts receivable(b)
14,897
Goodwill117,924
Identifiable intangible assets(c)
110,800
Other assets1,521
Total assets acquired245,279
Current liabilities(4,198)
Deferred tax liability(19,515)
Deferred revenue(2,784)
Other long term liabilities(634)
Total liabilities assumed(27,131)
Net assets acquired$218,148
(a)
5,749,807 shares of our common stock valued at $14.78 per share were issued at closing.

(b)
Accounts receivable have been recorded at their estimated fair values and the fair value reserve was not material.

(c)
The following are the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their respective weighted average useful lives, as determined based on preliminary valuations (dollars in thousands):
 TouchCommerce
 Amount 
Weighted
Average
Life
(Years)
Core and completed technology$26,000
 6.0
Customer relationships81,600
 10.0
Trade names3,200
 5.0
Total$110,800
  
Other Fiscal Year 2016 Acquisitions
During fiscal year 2016, we acquired several other businesses in our Healthcare segment that were not significant individually or in the aggregate. The total aggregate cash consideration for these acquisitions was $50.4 million including an estimated fair value for future contingent payments. The results of operations of these acquisitions have been included in our financial results since their respective acquisition dates.
Acquisition-Related Costs, net
Acquisition-related costs include costs related to business and other acquisitions, including potential acquisitions. These costs consist of (i) transition and integration costs, including retention payments, transitional employee costs and earn-out payments, treated as compensation expense, as well as theand other costs of integration-related activities, including services provided by third-parties;related to integration activities; (ii) professional service fees, and expenses, including financial advisory, legal, accounting, and other outside services incurred in
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


connection with acquisition activities, and disputes and regulatory matters related to acquired entities; and (iii) fair value adjustments to acquisition-related items that are required to be marked to fair value each reporting period, such as contingent consideration, and other items related to acquisitions for which the measurement period has ended, such as gains or losses on settlements of pre-acquisition contingencies.
The components
6


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

A summary of acquisition-related costs, net areis as follows (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162017 2016
Transition and integration costs$3,612
 $1,039
 $7,322
 $2,035
$4,062
 $3,710
Professional service fees2,974
 1,197
 7,991
 2,600
511
 5,017
Acquisition-related adjustments(1,207) (1,011) (908) (930)988
 299
Total$5,379
 $1,225
 $14,405
 $3,705
$5,561
 $9,026
4.Goodwill and Intangible Assets
4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill and intangible assets for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, are as follows (dollars in thousands): 
 Goodwill 
Intangible
Assets
Balance at September 30, 2016$3,508,879
 $762,220
Acquisitions26,720
 61,803
Purchase accounting adjustments402
 
Amortization
 (88,531)
Effect of foreign currency translation(10,102) 473
Balance at March 31, 2017$3,525,899
 $735,965
During the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, we acquired a speech patent portfolio for total cash consideration of $35.0 million which was paid in January 2017.
 Goodwill 
Intangible
Assets
Balance at September 30, 2017$3,590,608
 $664,474
Acquisitions (Note 3)6,790
 2,000
Purchase accounting adjustments(348) 
Amortization
 (38,420)
Effect of foreign currency translation3,718
 (498)
Balance at December 31, 2017$3,600,768
 $627,556
5.Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
5. Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges
Forward Currency Contracts
We operate our business in countries throughout the world and transact business in various foreign currencies. Our foreign currency exposures typically arise from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of our operations. We have a program that primarily utilizesutilize foreign currency forward contracts to offsetmitigate the risks associated with the effect of certainchanges in foreign currency exposures. Our program is designed so that increases or decreases in our foreign currency exposures are offset by gains or losses on the foreign currency forward contracts in order to mitigate the risks and volatility associated with our foreign currency transactions.exchange rates. Generally, we enter into such contracts for less than 90 days and have no cash requirements until maturity. At MarchDecember 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016,2017, we had outstanding contracts with a total notional value of $69.3$82.4 million and $215.2$69.0 million, respectively.
We havedid not designated thesedesignate any forward contracts as hedging instruments pursuant tofor the authoritative guidance for derivatives and hedging, and accordingly, we record thethree months ended December 31, 2017 or 2016. Therefore, changes in fair value of theseforeign currency forward contracts at the end of each reporting period in our consolidated balance sheet, with the unrealized gains and losseswere recognized immediately in earnings aswithin other expense, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. The cash flows related to the settlement of theseforward contracts not designated as hedging instruments are included in cash flows from investing activities within our consolidated statement of cash flows.
A summary of the derivative instruments as of December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2017 is as follows (dollars in thousands):
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges: Balance Sheet Classification Fair Value
 December 31,
2017
 September 30,
2017
Foreign currency forward contracts Prepaid expenses and other current assets $535
 $220
Foreign currency forward contracts Accrued expenses and other current liabilities (65) (373)

A summary of loss related to the derivative instruments for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 is as follows (dollars in thousands):
    Three Months Ended December 31,
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges Classification of Loss Recognized in Income 2017 2016
Foreign currency forward contracts Other expense, net $(397) $(11,615)


7


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


The following table provides a quantitative summary of the fair value of our derivative instruments as of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016 (dollars in thousands):
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges: Balance Sheet Classification Fair Value
 March 31, 2017 September 30, 2016
Foreign currency contracts Prepaid expenses and other current assets $448
 $335
Net fair value of non-hedge derivative instruments $448
 $335
The following tables summarize the activity of derivative instruments for the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 (dollars in thousands):
    Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income 2017 2016 2017 2016
Foreign currency contracts Other expense (income), net $3,555
 $5,607
 $(8,060) $2,234
Other Financial Instruments
Financial instruments including cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable are carried in the consolidated financial statements at amounts that approximate their fair value based on the short maturities of those instruments. Marketable securities and derivative instruments are carried at fair value.
6.Fair Value MeasuresMeasurements
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received forto sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation techniques must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required to be recorded at fair value, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact and consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and risk of nonperformance.
The following summarizesdetermination of the three levelsapplicable level within the hierarchy of a particular financial asset or liability depends on the lowest level of inputs requiredthat are significant to measurethe fair value measurement as of which the first two are considered observable and the third is considered unobservable:measurement date as follows:
Level 1.1: Quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets which we can access.markets.
Level 2.2: Observable inputs other than those described as Level 1.
Level 3.3: Unobservable inputs that are supportable by little or no market activities and are based on the best information available, including management’s estimatessignificant assumptions and assumptions.estimates.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at MarchDecember 31, 2017 and September 30, 20162017 consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
 March 31, 2017
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:       
Money market funds(a)
$505,784
 $
 $
 $505,784
US government agency securities(a)
1,004
 
 
 1,004
Time deposits(b)

 83,172
 
 83,172
Commercial paper, $45,985 at cost(b)

 46,018
 
 46,018
Corporate notes and bonds, $76,311 at cost(b)

 76,343
 
 76,343
Foreign currency exchange contracts(b)

 448
 
 448
Total assets at fair value$506,788
 $205,981
 $
 $712,769
Liabilities:       
Contingent acquisition payments(c)
$
 $
 $(6,377) $(6,377)
Total liabilities at fair value$
 $
 $(6,377) $(6,377)
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 December 31, 2017
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:       
Money market funds(a)
$245,036
 $
 $
 $245,036
Time deposits(b)

 99,774
 
 99,774
Commercial paper, $38,069 at cost(b)

 38,182
 
 38,182
Corporate notes and bonds, $83,827 at cost(b)

 83,532
 
 83,532
Foreign currency exchange contracts(b)

 535
 
 535
Total assets at fair value$245,036
 $222,023
 $
 $467,059
Liabilities:       
Foreign currency exchange contracts(b)
$
 $(65) $
 $(65)
Contingent acquisition payments(c)

 
 (10,431) (10,431)
Total liabilities at fair value$
 $(65) $(10,431) $(10,496)

September 30, 2016September 30, 2017
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 TotalLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:              
Money market funds(a)
$331,419
 $
 $
 $331,419
$381,899
 $
 $
 $381,899
US government agency securities(a)
1,002
 
 
 1,002
Time deposits(b)

 33,794
 
 33,794

 85,570
 
 85,570
Commercial paper, $38,108 at cost(b)

 38,142
 
 38,142
Corporate notes and bonds, $54,484 at cost(b)

 54,536
 
 54,536
Commercial paper, $41,805 at cost(b)

 41,968
 
 41,968
Corporate notes and bonds, $74,150 at cost(b)

 74,067
 
 74,067
Foreign currency exchange contracts(b)

 335
 
 335

 220
 
 220
Total assets at fair value$332,421
 $126,807
 $
 $459,228
$381,899
 $201,825
 $
 $583,724
Liabilities:              
Foreign currency exchange contracts(b)
$
 $(373) $
 $(373)
Contingent acquisition payments(c)
$
 $
 $(8,240) $(8,240)
 
 (8,648) (8,648)
Total liabilities at fair value$
 $
 $(8,240) $(8,240)$
 $(373) $(8,648) $(9,021)
 
(a) 
Money market funds and U.S. government agency securities,time deposits with original maturity of 90 days or less are included inwithin cash and cash equivalents in the accompanyingconsolidated balance sheets, are valued at quoted market prices in active markets.
(b) 
The fair values of our timeTime deposits, commercial paper, corporate notes and bonds, and foreign currency exchange contracts are recorded at fair market values, which are determined based on the most recent observable inputs for similar instruments in active markets or quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active or are directly or indirectly observable. Time deposits are generally for terms of one year or less. The commercial paper and corporate notes and bonds mature within three years and have a weighted average maturity of 0.78 years as of March 31, 2017.

8


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

or less. Commercial paper and corporate notes and bonds generally mature within three years and have a weighted average maturity of 0.54 years as of December 31, 2017 and 0.72 years as of September 30, 2017.
(c) 
The fair values of our contingent consideration arrangements arewere determined based on our evaluation as tousing either the probability and amount of any earn-out that will be achieved based on expected future performance by the acquired entity.option pricing model with Monte Carlo simulation or probability-weighted discounted cash flow method.

As of September 30, 2017, $80.2 million of debt securities included within marketable securities were designated as held-to-maturity investments, which had a weighted average maturity of 0.27 years and an estimated fair value of $80.4 million based on Level 2 measurements. No debt securities were designated as held-to-maturity investments as of December 31, 2017.
The estimated fair value of our long-term debt approximated $2,627.2 million (face value $2,587.0 million) and $2,930.9 million (face value $2,918.1 million) as of December 31, 2017 and September 30, 2017, respectively, based on Level 2 measurements. The fair value of each borrowing was estimated using the averages of the bid and ask trading quotes at each respective reporting date. There was no balance outstanding under our revolving credit agreement as of December 31, 2017 or September 30, 2017.
Additionally, contingent acquisition payments are recorded at fair values upon the acquisition, and remeasured in subsequent reporting periods with the changes in fair values recorded within acquisition-related costs, net. Such payments are contingent upon the achievement of specified performance targets and are valued using the option pricing model with Monte Carlo simulation or the probability-weighted discounted cash flow model.
The following table provides a summary of changes in the aggregate fair value of our Level 3 financial instrumentsthe contingent acquisition payments for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 and 2016 (dollars in thousands):
 Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 2016
Balance at beginning of period$8,961
 $16,901
 $8,240
 $15,961
Earn-out liabilities established at time of acquisition1,600
 2,500
 3,253
 2,500
Payments and foreign currency translation(2,759) 910
 (4,257) 1,372
Adjustments to fair value included in acquisition-related costs, net(1,425) 514
 (859) 992
Balance at end of period$6,377
 $20,825
 $6,377
 $20,825
Our financial liabilities valued based upon Level 3 inputs are composed of contingent consideration arrangements relating to our acquisitions. We are contractually obligated to pay contingent consideration to the selling shareholders upon the achievement of specified objectives, including the achievement of future bookings and sales targets related to the products of the acquired entities and therefore we record contingent consideration liabilities at the time of the acquisitions. We update our assumptions each reporting period based on new developments and record such amounts at fair value based on the revised assumptions until the consideration is paid upon the achievement of the specified objectives or eliminated upon failure to achieve the specified objectives.
 Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 2016
Balance at beginning of period$8,648
 $8,240
Earn-out liabilities established at time of acquisition500
 1,653
Payments and foreign currency translation(17) (1,498)
Adjustments to fair value included in acquisition-related costs, net1,300
 566
Balance at end of period$10,431
 $8,961
Contingent acquisition payment liabilitiespayments are scheduled to be paidmade in periods through fiscal year 2019. As of MarchDecember 31, 2017, we could be required to pay up to $22.3the maximum amount payable based on the agreements was $25.1 million for contingent consideration arrangements if the specified objectivesperformance targets are achieved. We have determined the fair value of the liabilities for the contingent consideration based on a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis. This fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market
7. Accrued Expenses and thus represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability associated with future payments was based on several factors, the most significant of which are the estimated cash flows projected from future product sales and the risk adjusted discount rate for the fair value measurement.Other Current Liabilities
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


7.Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 
March 31, 2017 September 30, 2016December 31,
2017
 September 30,
2017
Compensation$111,410
 $154,028
$103,991
 $159,951
Cost of revenue related liabilities22,066
 20,124
Accrued interest payable23,629
 20,409
21,733
 26,285
Cost of revenue related liabilities17,639
 19,351
Consulting and professional fees16,083
 18,001
19,274
 12,649
Facilities related liabilities8,600
 7,382
5,540
 7,158
Sales and marketing incentives4,509
 6,508
4,190
 3,655
Sales and other taxes payable2,083
 2,708
3,190
 3,125
Other10,975
 9,272
13,422
 12,954
Total$194,928
 $237,659
$193,406
 $245,901
8.Deferred Revenue
8. Deferred Revenue
Deferred maintenance revenue consists of prepaid fees received for post-contract customer support for our products, including telephone support and the right to receive unspecified upgrades/updates on a when-and-if-available basis. Unearned revenue includes fees for up-front set-upsetup of the service environment; fees charged for on-demand service; certain software arrangements for which we do not have fair value of post-contract customer support, resulting in ratable revenue recognition for the entire arrangement on a straight-line basis; and fees in excess of estimated earnings on percentage-of-completion service contracts.

9


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Deferred revenue consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 
March 31, 2017 September 30, 2016December 31,
2017
 September 30,
2017
Current liabilities:      
Deferred maintenance revenue$166,650
 $165,902
$171,980
 $162,958
Unearned revenue223,389
 183,271
255,561
 203,084
Total current deferred revenue$390,039
 $349,173
$427,541
 $366,042
Long-term liabilities:      
Deferred maintenance revenue$58,110
 $59,955
$62,494
 $60,298
Unearned revenue354,253
 327,005
390,612
 363,631
Total long-term deferred revenue$412,363
 $386,960
$453,106
 $423,929
9.Restructuring and Other Charges, net
9. Restructuring and Other Charges, net
Restructuring and other charges, net include restructuring expenses together with other charges that are unusual in nature, are the result of unplanned events, andor arise outside of the ordinary course of continuing operations. Restructuring expenses consist of employee severance costs and may also include charges for excess facility space and other contract termination costs. Other charges may include litigation contingency reserves, costs related to a transition agreement for our Chief Executive Officer, asset impairment charge and gains or losses on the sale or disposition of certain non-strategic assets or product lines.business.
The following table sets forth accrual activity relating to restructuring reserves for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands): 
 Personnel Facilities Total
Balance at September 30, 2016$2,661
 $11,132
 $13,793
Restructuring charges, net8,224
 4,154
 12,378
Non-cash adjustment
 (79) (79)
Cash payments(8,264) (3,968) (12,232)
Balance at March 31, 2017$2,621
 $11,239
 $13,860
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


 Personnel Facilities Total
Balance at September 30, 2017$1,546
 $9,159
 $10,705
Restructuring charges, net4,883
 1,665
 6,548
Non-cash adjustment
 (298) (298)
Cash payments(5,392) (1,753) (7,145)
Balance at December 31, 2017$1,037
 $8,773
 $9,810
While restructuring and other charges, net are excluded from our calculation of segment profit, the table below presents the restructuring and other charges, net associated with each segment (dollars in thousands):

                   
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 20162017 2016
Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges TotalPersonnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total
Healthcare$577
 $593
 $1,170
 $
 $1,170
 $613
 $8
 $621
 $
 $621
$2,513
 $25
 $2,538
 $
 $2,538
 $1,984
 $277
 $2,261
 $
 $2,261
Mobile3,053
 51
 3,104
 10,773
 13,877
 2,729
 (652) 2,077
 46
 2,123
400
 11
 411
 
 411
 213
 
 213
 
 213
Enterprise388
 257
 645
 
 645
 (41) 2,014
 1,973
 
 1,973
262
 2,360
 2,622
 
 2,622
 424
 607
 1,031
 
 1,031
Imaging225
 36
 261
 
 261
 (1) 184
 183
 
 183
1,223
 9
 1,232
 
 1,232
 361
 351
 712
 
 712
Corporate332
 1,318
 1,650
 2,308
 3,958
 1,691
 
 1,691
 61
 1,752
485
 (740) (255) 8,253
 7,998
 669
 664
 1,333
 1,153
 2,486
Total$4,575
 $2,255
 $6,830
 $13,081
 $19,911
 $4,991
 $1,554
 $6,545
 $107
 $6,652
$4,883
 $1,665
 $6,548
 $8,253
 $14,801
 $3,651
 $1,899
 $5,550
 $1,153
 $6,703
                   
Six Months Ended March 31,
2017 2016
Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total
Healthcare$2,561
 $870
 $3,431
 $
 $3,431
 $1,314
 $8
 $1,322
 $
 $1,322
Mobile3,265
 51
 3,316
 10,773
 14,089
 4,911
 (50) 4,861
 46
 4,907
Enterprise812
 864
 1,676
 
 1,676
 1,043
 2,034
 3,077
 
 3,077
Imaging586
 387
 973
 
 973
 212
 184
 396
 
 396
Corporate1,000
 1,982
 2,982
 3,463
 6,445
 2,069
 2,708
 4,777
 61
 4,838
Total$8,224
 $4,154
 $12,378
 $14,236
 $26,614
 $9,549
 $4,884
 $14,433
 $107
 $14,540
                   

Fiscal Year 20172018
During the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, we recorded restructuring charges of $6.8$6.5 million, and $12.4which included $4.9 million respectively. The restructuring charges for the six months ended March 31, 2017 included $8.2 million for severance costs related to the termination of approximately 220 terminated160 employees and $4.2$1.7 million charge for the closure ofrelated to certain excess facility space including adjustment to sublease assumptions associated with prior abandoned facilities. These actions arewere part of our initiatives to reduce costs and optimize processes. We expect the remaining outstanding severance payments of $2.6$1.0 million willto be substantially paid by the end ofduring fiscal year 2017. We expect2018, and the remaining paymentsbalance of $11.2$8.8 million for the closure ofrelated to excess facility space willfacilities to be paid through fiscal year 2025, in accordance with the terms of the applicable leases.
In addition to the restructuring charges,Additionally, during the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017,we recorded $2.3 million and $3.5 million, respectively, for costs related to athe transition agreement forof our Chief Executive Officer as communicated onCEO, and $6.0 million related to our Form 8-K filed on November 17, 2016.remediation and restoration efforts after the malware incident that occurred in the third quarter of fiscal year 2017. The cash payments associated with the transition agreement are expected to be made during fiscal years 2018 and 2019. Also included in other charges is a non-cash impairment charge of $10.8 million resulting from our decision to cease use of a capitalized internally developed software during the three months ended March 31, 2017.

10


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Fiscal Year 20162017
During the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016, we recorded restructuring charges of $6.5 million and $14.4 million, respectively.$5.6 million. The restructuring charges for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016 included $9.5$3.7 million for severance costs related to the termination of approximately 200 terminated90 employees asand $1.9 million related to certain excess facilities. These actions were part of our initiatives to reduce costs and optimize processes. The restructuring charges also included a $4.9$1.9 million charge forrelated to excess facilities. In addition, during the closurethree months ended December 31, 2016, we recorded $1.2 million related to the transition agreement of certain excess facility space.our CEO.
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)10. Debt


10.Debt and Credit Facilities
At MarchDecember 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016,2017, we had the following long-term borrowing obligations (dollars in thousands): 
 March 31, 2017 September 30, 2016
5.625% Senior Notes due 2026, net of deferred issuance costs of $6.4 million. Effective interest rate 5.625%.$493,634
 $
5.375% Senior Notes due 2020, net of unamortized premium of $1.1 million and $3.0 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $2.7 million and $7.3 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.375%.448,391
 1,046,851
6.000% Senior Notes due 2024, net of deferred issuance costs of $2.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 6.000%.297,756
 297,601
1.00% Convertible Debentures due 2035, net of unamortized discount of $152.4 million and $163.5 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $7.6 million and $8.2 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.622%.516,542
 504,712
2.75% Convertible Debentures due 2031, net of unamortized discount of $10.5 million and $19.2 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 7.432%.366,604
 375,208
1.25% Convertible Debentures due 2025, net of unamortized discount of $97.6 million, and deferred issuance costs of $4.6 million. Effective interest rate 5.578%.247,860
 
1.50% Convertible Debentures due 2035, net of unamortized discount of $47.2 million and $51.7 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $1.7 million and $1.9 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.394%.215,026
 210,286
Deferred issuance costs related to our Revolving Credit Facility(1,340) (1,506)
Total long-term debt$2,584,473
 $2,433,152
Less: current portion366,604
 
Non-current portion of long-term debt$2,217,869
 $2,433,152
 December 31,
2017
 September 30,
2017
5.625% Senior Notes due 2026, net of deferred issuance costs of $5.5 million and $5.7 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.625%.$494,453
 $494,298
5.375% Senior Notes due 2020, net of unamortized premium of $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $2.1 million and $2.3 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.375%.448,748
 448,630
6.000% Senior Notes due 2024, net of deferred issuance costs of $2.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 6.000%.297,988
 297,910
1.00% Convertible Debentures due 2035, net of unamortized discount of $135.0 million and $140.9 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $6.6 million and $6.9 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.622%.534,885
 528,690
2.75% Convertible Debentures due 2031, net of unamortized discount of $1.5 million and deferred issuance costs of $0.1 million as of September 30, 2017. Effective interest rate 7.432%.46,568
 376,121
1.25% Convertible Debentures due 2025, net of unamortized discount of $90.2 million and $92.7 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $4.1 million and $4.3 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.578%.255,703
 253,054
1.50% Convertible Debentures due 2035, net of unamortized discount of $40.1 million and $42.5 million, respectively, and deferred issuance costs of $1.4 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Effective interest rate 5.394%.222,340
 219,875
Deferred issuance costs related to our Revolving Credit Facility(1,091) (1,174)
Total debt2,299,594
 2,617,404
    Less: current portion
 376,121
Total long-term debt$2,299,594
 $2,241,283

The following table summarizes the maturities of our borrowing obligations as of MarchDecember 31, 2017 (dollars in thousands):
Fiscal Year 
Convertible Debentures(1)
 Senior Notes Total 
Convertible Debentures(1)
 Senior Notes Total
2017 $
 $
 $
2018 377,740
 
 377,740
 $
 $
 $
2019 
 
 
 
 
 
2020 
 450,000
 450,000
 
 450,000
 450,000
2021 
 
 
 
 
 
2022 310,463
 
 310,463
Thereafter 1,290,383
 800,000
 2,090,383
 1,026,488
 800,000
 1,826,488
Total before unamortized discount 1,668,123
 1,250,000
 2,918,123
 1,336,951
 1,250,000
 2,586,951
Less: unamortized discount and issuance costs (322,091) (11,559) (333,650) (277,455) (9,902) (287,357)
Total long-term debt $1,346,032
 $1,238,441
 $2,584,473
 $1,059,496
 $1,240,098
 $2,299,594
(1) 
HoldersPursuant to the terms of the 1.0% 2035 Debentureseach convertible instrument, holders have the right to require us to redeem the debenturesdebt on specific dates prior to maturity. The repayment schedule above assumes that payment is due on the next redemption date after December 15, 2022, 2027 and 2032. Holders of the 2031 Debentures have the right to require us to redeem the debentures on November 1, 2017, 2021, and 2026. Holders of the 1.5% 2035 Debentures have the right to require us to redeem the debentures on November 1, 2021, 2026, and 2031.31, 2017.
The estimated fair value of our long-term debt approximated $2,941.7 million (face value $2,918.1 million) and $2,630.3 million (face value $2,687.1 million) at March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. These fair value amounts represent the value at which our lenders could trade our debt within the financial markets and do not represent the settlement value of these long-term debt liabilities to us at each reporting date. The fair value of the long-term debt will continue to vary each period based on fluctuations in market interest rates, as well as changes to our credit ratings. The Senior Notes and the Convertible Debentures are traded, and the fair values of each borrowing was estimated using the averages of the bid and ask trading quotes at each respective reporting date. We had no outstanding balance on the Revolving Credit Facility at March 31, 2017 or September 30, 2016.
11


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


5.625% Senior Notes due 2026
In December 2016, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.625% Senior Notes due on December 15, 2026 (the "2026 Senior Notes") in a private placement. The proceeds from the 2026 Senior Notes were approximately $495.0 million, net of issuance costs, and we used the proceeds to repurchase a portion of our 2020 Senior Notes. The 2026 Senior Notes bear interest at 5.625% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears, beginning on June 15, 2017.
The 2026 Senior Notes are unsecured senior obligations and are guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by certain of our domestic subsidiaries ("Subsidiary Guarantors"). The 2026 Senior Notes and the guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and rank senior in right of payment to all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ future unsecured subordinated debt. The 2026 Senior Notes and guarantees effectively rank junior to all our secured debt and that of the Subsidiary Guarantors to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt and to all liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the 2026 Senior Notes.
At any time before December 15, 2021, we may redeem all or a portion of the 2026 Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time on or after December 15, 2021, we may redeem all or a portion of the 2026 Senior Notes at certain redemption prices expressed as percentages of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time and from time to time before December 15, 2021, we may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds received by us from certain equity offerings at a price equal to 105.625% of the aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date, provided that the redemption occurs no later than 120 days after the closing of the related equity offering, and at least 50% of the original aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Senior Notes remains outstanding immediately thereafter.
Upon the occurrence of certain asset sales or a change in control, we must offer to repurchase the 2026 Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% in the case of an asset sale, or 101% in the case of a change of control, of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.
5.375% Senior Notes due 2020
In August 2012, we issued $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.375% Senior Notes due on August 15, 2020 in a private placement. In October 2012, we issued an additional $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.375% Senior Notes (collectively the “2020 Senior Notes”). The 2020 Senior Notes bear interest at 5.375% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 2020 Senior Notes are our unsecured senior obligations and are guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by certain of our domestic subsidiaries, ("the Subsidiary Guarantors"). The 2020 Senior Notes and guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors' existing and future unsecured senior debt and rank senior in right of payment to all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors' future unsecured subordinated debt. The 2020 Senior Notes and guarantees effectively rank junior to all secured debt of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt and to all liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the 2020 Senior Notes.
In January 2017, we repurchased $600.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2020 Senior Notes using cash and cash equivalents and the net proceeds from our 2026 Senior Notes issued in December 2016. In January 2017, we recorded an extinguishment loss of $18.4$18.6 million. In accordance with the authoritative guidance for debt instruments, a loss on extinguishment is equal to the difference between the reacquisition price and the net carrying amount of the extinguished debt, including any unamortized debt discount or issuance costs. Following this activity, $450.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2020 Senior Notes remains outstanding.
6.0% Senior Notes due 2024
In June 2016, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.0% Senior Notes due on July 1, 2024 (the "2024 Senior Notes") in a private placement. The proceeds from the 2024 Senior Notes were approximately $297.5 million, net of issuance costs. The 2024 Senior Notes bear interest at 6.0% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 2024 Senior Notes are unsecured senior obligations and are guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by our Subsidiary Guarantors. The 2024 Senior Notes and the guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt, and rank senior in right of payment to all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ future unsecured subordinated debt. The 2024 Senior Notes and guarantees effectively rank junior to all our secured debt and that of the Subsidiary Guarantors to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt and to all liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the 2024 Senior Notes.

12


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


1.0% Convertible Debentures due 2035
In December 2015, we issued $676.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.0% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2035 (the “1.0% 2035 Debentures”) in a private placement. We used a portion of the proceeds to repurchase $38.3 million in aggregate principal on our 2.75% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2031 and to repay the aggregate principal balance of $472.5 million on the term loan. Upon the repurchase and repayment of debts in December 2015, we recorded an extinguishment loss of $4.9 million in other expense, net, in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures bear interest at 1.0% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures mature on December 15, 2035, subject to the right of the holders to require us to redeem the 1.0% 2035 Debentures on December 15, 2022, 2027, or 2032. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 1.0% 2035 Debentures. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The initial conversion price is approximately $27.22 per share. At issuance, we allocated $495.4 million to long-term debt, and $181.1 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through December 2022. As of MarchDecember 31, 2017, and September 30, 2016, none of the conversion criteria were met for the 1.0% 2035 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of the aggregate principal amount in cash prior to the maturity date.
2.75% Convertible Debentures due 2031
In October 2011, we issued $690.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.75% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2031 (the “2031 Debentures”) in a private placement. The 2031 Debentures bear interest at 2.75% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 2031 Debentures mature on November 1, 2031, subject to the right of the holders to require us to redeem the 2031 Debentures on November 1, 2017, 2021, and 2026. The 2031 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 2031 Debentures. The 2031 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The initial conversion price is approximately $32.30 per share. At issuance, we allocated $533.6 million to long-term debt, and $156.4 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through November 2017.
In June 2015, we entered into separate privately negotiated agreements with certain holders of our 2031 Debentures to exchange, in a private placement, $256.2 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2031 Debentures for approximately $263.9 million in aggregate principal amount of our 1.5% 2035 Debentures. In December 2015, we entered into separate privately negotiated agreements with certain holders of our 2031 Debentures to repurchase $38.3 million in aggregate principal with proceeds received from the issuance of our 1.0% 2035 Debentures. In March 2017, we entered into separate privately negotiated agreements with certain holders of our 2031 Debentures to repurchase $17.8 million in aggregate principal with proceeds received from the issuance of our 1.25% Senior Convertible Debentures issued in March 2017. Following these activities, $377.7 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2031 Debentures remain outstanding. Asremained outstanding as of March 31,September 30, 2017, which was included within the remainingtotal current liabilities.
In November 2017, holders of approximately $331.2 million in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding principal balance has been classified as current portion of long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheet as the holders have the2031 Debentures exercised their right to require us to redeem on November 1, 2017. As of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, none ofrepurchase such debentures. Following the conversion criteria were met for the 2031 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of therepurchase, $46.6 million in aggregate principal amount in cash priorof the 2031 Debentures remains outstanding. On or after November 6, 2017, we have the right to call for redemption of some or all of the maturity date.remaining outstanding 2031 Debentures.
1.25% Convertible Debentures due 2025
In March 2017, we issued $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.25% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2025 (the “1.25% 2025 Debentures”) in a private placement. The proceeds were approximately $343.6 million, net of issuance costs. We used a portion of the proceeds to repurchase 5.8 million shares of our common stock for $99.1 million and $17.8 million in aggregate principal on our 2031 Debentures. We intend to useused the remaining net proceeds, together with cash on hand to repurchase, redeem and retire or otherwise repay all$331.2 million of our remaining outstanding 2031 Debentures in November 2017. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures bear interest at 1.25% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears, beginning on October 1, 2017. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures mature on April 1, 2025. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 1.25% 2025 Debentures. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries.

13


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

We account separately for the liability and equity components of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures in accordance with authoritative guidance for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion. The guidance requires the carrying amount of the liability component to be estimated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


conversion feature and record the remainder in stockholders’ equity. At issuance, we allocated $252.1 million to long-term debt, and $97.9 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through April 1, 2025.
If converted, the principal amount of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures is payable in cash and any amounts payable in excess of the principal amount will (based on an initial conversion rate, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $22.22 per share, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances) be paid in cash or shares of our common stock, at our election, only in the following circumstances and to the following extent: (i) prior to October 1, 2024, on any date during any fiscal quarter beginning after June 30, 2017 (and only during such fiscal quarter) if the closing sale price of our common stock was more than 130% of the then current conversion price for at least 20 trading days in the period of the 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the previous fiscal quarter; (ii) at any time on or after October 1, 2024, (iii) during the five consecutive business-day period immediately following any five consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price for $1,000 principal amount of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures for each day during such five trading-day period was less than 98% of the closing sale price of our common stock multiplied by the then current conversion rate; or (iv) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions, as described in the indenture for the 1.25% 2025 Debentures. We may not redeem the 1.25% 2025 Debentures prior to the maturity date. If we undergo a fundamental change or non-stock change of control (as described in the indenture for the 1.25% 2025 Debentures) prior to maturity, holders will have the option to require us to repurchase all or any portion of their debentures for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures to be purchased plus any accrued and unpaid interest, including any additional interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date. As of MarchDecember 31, 2017, none of the conversion criteria were met for the 1.25% 2025 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of the aggregate principal amount in cash prior to the maturity date.
1.50% Convertible Debentures due 2035
In June 2015, we issued $263.9 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.50% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2035 (the “1.5% 2035 Debentures”) in exchange for $256.2 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2031 Debentures. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures were issued at 97.09% of the principal amount, which resulted in a discount of $7.7 million. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures bear interest at 1.50% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures mature on November 1, 2035, subject to the right of the holders to require us to redeem the 1.5% 2035 Debentures on November 1, 2021, 2026, or 2031. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 1.5% 2035 Debentures. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The initial conversion price is approximately $23.26 per share. At issuance, we allocated $208.6 million to long-term debt, and $55.3 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through November 2021. As of MarchDecember 31, 2017, and September 30, 2016, none of the conversion criteria were met for the 1.5% 2035 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of the aggregate principal amount in cash prior to the maturity date.
Revolving Credit Facility
In April 2016, we entered into aOur revolving credit agreement that(the “Revolving Credit Facility”), which expires on April 15, 2021, provides for aaggregate borrowing commitments of $242.5 million, including the revolving credit line, includingfacility loans, the swingline loans and issuance of letters of credit. As of December 31, 2017, after taking into account the outstanding letters of credit (together, the “Revolving Credit Facility”). The Revolving Credit Facility matures on April 15, 2021. As of March 31, 2017, issued letters of credit in the aggregate amount of $4.5 million, were treated as issued and outstanding when calculating the borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2017, we had $238.0 million available for additional borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility. Any amountsThe borrowing outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility will bearbears interest at either (i) LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 1.50% or 1.75%, or (ii) the alternative base rate plus an applicable margin of 0.50% or 0.75%. The Revolving Credit Facility is secured by substantially all assets of ours and our Subsidiary Guarantors.assets. The Revolving Credit Facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and conditions to borrowing, as well as customary events of default. As of December 31, 2017, we are in compliance with all the debt covenants.
11.Stockholders' Equity
11. Stockholders' Equity
Share Repurchases
On April 29, 2013, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program for up to $500.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock. On April 29, 2015, our Board of Directors approved an additional $500.0 million under our share repurchase program. In March 2017, in connection with the issuance of our 1.25% 2025 Debentures, we used a portion of the net proceeds to repurchase 5.8 million shares of our common stock for $99.1 million under the approved program. Since the commencement of the program, we have repurchased 46.5 million shares for $806.6 million. These shares were retired upon
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


repurchase. Approximately $193.4 million remained available for share repurchases as of March 31, 2017 pursuant to our share repurchase program. Under the terms of the share repurchase program, we have the ability to repurchase shares from time to time through a

14


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

variety of methods, which may include open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, block trades, accelerated stock repurchase transactions, or any combination of such methods. The share repurchase program does not require us to acquire any specific number of shares and may be modified, suspended, extended or terminated by us at any time without prior notice. The timing and the amount of any purchases will be determined by management based on an evaluation of market conditions, capital allocation alternatives, and other factors.
Stock Issuances
DuringThere were no share repurchases for the quarterthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 or 2016. Since the commencement of the program, we issued 844,108have repurchased an aggregate of 46.5 million shares for $806.6 million. The amount paid in excess of our common stock valued at $13.4par value is recognized in additional paid in capital. Shares were retired upon repurchase. As of December 31, 2017, approximately $193.4 million remained available for future repurchases under the program.
12. Net Income (Loss) Per Share
The following table sets forth the computation for basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (dollars in connection with a business acquisition, which is discussed in Note 3.thousands, except per share amounts):
  Three Months Ended December 31,
 2017 2016
Numerator:    
Net income (loss) $53,228
 $(23,929)
Denominator:    
Weighted average common shares outstanding - Basic 291,367
 288,953
Dilutive effect of employee stock compensation plans 4,628
 
Weighted average common shares outstanding — diluted 295,995
 288,953
Net income (loss) per share:    
Basic $0.18
 $(0.08)
Diluted $0.18
 $(0.08)

12.Net Loss Per Share
As of MarchFor the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, diluted weighted average commonrespectively, 0.1 million and 7.1 million shares outstanding is equal to basic weighted average common shares due toof anti-dilutive equity instruments issued under our net loss position. Common equivalent shares areemployee stock compensation plans were excluded from the computation of diluted net lossincome (loss) per share. 2.2 million and 2.8 million shares of contingently issuable awards were excluded from the determination of dilutive net income per share as the conditions were not met if their effect is anti-dilutive. Potentially dilutive common equivalent shares aggregating to 8.2 million and 8.4 million shares forthe end of the reporting period would be the end of the performance period. For the three months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 8.6 million and 9.0 million shares forthere was no dilutive effect of equity instruments as the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, have been excluded fromimpact of these items was anti-dilutive due to the computation of diluted net loss per share because their inclusion would be anti-dilutive.
incurred during the period. 
13.Stock-Based Compensation
13. Stock-Based Compensation
We recognize stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period. Our share-based awards are accounted for as equity instruments.classified within equity. The amounts included in the condensed consolidated statements of operations relating to stock-based compensation are as follows (dollars in thousands): 
 Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 2016
Cost of professional services and hosting$8,080
 $7,757
 $16,490
 $15,514
Cost of product and licensing102
 122
 194
 244
Cost of maintenance and support1,010
 923
 1,987
 1,991
Research and development8,398
 7,967
 16,888
 17,900
Selling and marketing11,018
 10,460
 22,987
 23,297
General and administrative11,740
 10,934
 20,932
 21,565
Total$40,348
 $38,163
 $79,478
 $80,511
Stock Options
The table below summarizes activity relating to stock options for the six months ended March 31, 2017:
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(a)
Outstanding at September 30, 20161,965,826
 $15.01
    
Exercised(921,787) $13.48
    
Expired(1,359) $19.86
    
Outstanding at March 31, 20171,042,680
 $16.36
 0.7 years $1.0 million
Exercisable at March 31, 20171,042,671
 $16.36
 0.7 years $1.0 million
Exercisable at March 31, 20161,976,456
 $14.97
 1.2 years $7.4 million
 Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 2016
Cost of professional services and hosting$7,407
 $8,410
Cost of product and licensing266
 92
Cost of maintenance and support1,204
 977
Research and development9,696
 8,490
Sales and marketing10,676
 11,969
General and administrative8,737
 9,192
Total$37,986
 $39,130

15


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Stock Options

The table below summarizes activities related to stock options for the three months ended December 31, 2017:
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value(a)
Outstanding at September 30, 201723,807
 $15.39
    
Exercised(1,859) $3.41
    
Outstanding at December 31, 201721,948
 $16.40
 2.8 years $0.1 million
Exercisable at December 31, 201721,939
 $16.41
 2.8 years $0.1 million
Exercisable at December 31, 20161,050,038
 $16.29
 1.0 year $0.2 million
(a) 
The aggregate intrinsic value in this table was calculated based on the positive difference, ifrepresents any betweenexcess of the closing market price of our common stock on Marchas of December 31, 2017 ($17.31) and16.35) over the exercise price of the underlying options.
The weighted-averageaggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 and 2016 was $0.8$0.02 million and $8.5$0.7 million, respectively.

Restricted Units
Restricted units are not included in issued and outstanding common stock until the shares are vested and released. The purchase price for vested restricted units is $0.001 per share. The table below summarizes activityactivities relating to restricted units for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017:
Number of Shares Underlying Restricted Units — Contingent Awards Number of Shares Underlying Restricted Units — Time-Based AwardsNumber of Shares Underlying Restricted Units — Contingent Awards Number of Shares Underlying Restricted Units — Time-Based Awards
Outstanding at September 30, 20164,224,488
 5,884,023
Outstanding at September 30, 20175,043,931
 6,477,164
Granted3,014,321
 6,026,857
688,999
 4,263,946
Earned/released(1,748,874) (4,399,216)(1,687,862) (3,614,185)
Forfeited(444,311) (375,212)(893,287) (168,642)
Outstanding at March 31, 20175,045,624
 7,136,452
Outstanding at December 31, 20173,151,781
 6,958,283
Weighted average remaining recognition period of outstanding restricted units1.7 years
 1.8 years
1.2 years
 1.8 years
Unearned stock-based compensation expense of outstanding restricted units$66.1 million $77.7 million
Unrecognized stock-based compensation expense of outstanding restricted units$45.0 million $79.8 million
Aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding restricted units(a)
$87.3 million $123.6 million$51.5 million $113.9 million

(a) 
The aggregate intrinsic value in this table was calculated based on the positive difference betweenrepresents any excess of the closing market price of our common stock on Marchas of December 31, 2017 ($17.31) and16.35) over the purchase price of the underlying restricted units.
A summary of the weighted-average grant-date fair value for awardsof restricted units granted, and the aggregate intrinsic value of all restricted units vested during the periods noted is as follows: 
 Six Months Ended March 31,
2017 2016
Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share$16.05
 $20.14
Total intrinsic value of shares vested (in millions)$99.5
 $132.1
Restricted Stock Awards
Restricted stock awards are included in the issued and outstanding common stock at the date of grant. The table below summarizes activity related to restricted stock awards for the six months ended March 31, 2017:
 Number of Shares Underlying Restricted Stock Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at September 30, 2016
 $
Granted250,000
 $15.55
Outstanding at March 31, 2017250,000
 $15.55
Weighted average remaining recognition period of outstanding restricted stock awards0.5 years
  
Unearned stock-based compensation expense of outstanding restricted stock awards$2.2 million  
Aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding restricted stock awards(a)
$4.3 million  
 Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 2016
Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share$14.92
 $15.90
Total intrinsic value of shares vested (in millions)$84.7
 $88.3

(a)

16


The aggregate intrinsic value in this table was calculated based on the positive difference between the closing market price of our common stock on March 31, 2017 ($17.31) and the purchase price of the underlying restricted stock awards.
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


No restricted stock awards vested during the six months ended March 31, 2017. The weighted-average intrinsic value of restricted stock awards vested during the six months ended March 31, 2016 was $4.3 million.14. Income Taxes
14.Income Taxes
The components of (loss) incomeloss before income taxes are as follows (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162017 2016
Domestic$(41,803) $(33,691) $(89,386) $(62,693)$(40,031) $(47,583)
Foreign17,136
 35,890
 51,144
 60,594
14,738
 34,007
(Loss) income before income taxes$(24,667) $2,199
 $(38,242) $(2,099)
Loss before income taxes$(25,293) $(13,576)
The components of (benefit) provision fromfor income taxes are as follows (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended March 31, Six Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162017 2016
Domestic$4,822
 $5,021
 $8,981
 $9,559
$(80,866) $4,159
Foreign4,319
 4,224
 10,513
 7,453
2,345
 6,194
Provision for income taxes$9,141
 $9,245
 $19,494
 $17,012
(Benefit) provision for income taxes$(78,521) $10,353
Effective tax rate(37.1)% 420.4% (51.0)% (810.5)%310.4% (76.3)%

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA") was signed into law. The effectiveTCJA significantly revises the U.S. corporate income tax rate was (37.1)%by, among other things, lowering corporate income tax rates, implementing a hybrid territorial tax system, and 420.4%imposing a one-time repatriation tax on foreign cash and earnings.
We are currently assessing the impact of the realization of deferred tax assets, remeasurement of deferred taxes at lower rates, and the provision for a one-time repatriation tax. Based on our preliminary assessment, we recorded a provisional amount of income tax benefit for the three months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, and 2016, respectively. The effective income tax rate was (51.0)% and (810.5)% for the six months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Our current effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory ratereflecting a benefit of 35% primarily dueapproximately $96 million related to current period losseschanges in the United States that require an additional valuation allowance and accordingly provide no benefit to the provision as well as an increase to indefinite livedcarrying value of certain deferred tax liabilities. This is partiallyassets and liabilities, offset in part by our earnings inan expense of approximately $14 million related to deemed repatriation of foreign operations that are subject to a significantly lower tax rate than the U.S. statutory tax rate, driven primarily by our subsidiaries in Ireland.
cash and earnings. The effective income tax rate isprovisional amounts above were based upon the income forestimate of (i) temporary differences at the year, the compositionend of the upcoming tax year, (ii) the timing of the temporary differences expected to reverse, (iii) foreign earnings and profits, and (iv) foreign income taxes. The assessment is incomplete as of December 31, 2017. As our assessment is ongoing, these amounts may materially change as we revise our assumptions and estimates based on new information available to us, changes in different countries, changes relatingour interpretations, additional guidance to valuation allowances for certain countries ifbe issued, and actions we may take as necessary, and adjustments, if any, fora result of the potential tax consequences, benefitsTCJA.
Additionally, we are still evaluating the full impact of other provisions of the TCJA, which may materially increase or resolutions of audits or other tax contingencies. Our aggregate income tax rate in foreign jurisdictions is lower thandecrease our income tax rate inprovision. The assessment is expected to be completed no later than the United States. The majorityfirst quarter of our income before provision for income taxes from foreign operations has been earned by subsidiaries in Ireland. Our effective tax rate may be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory tax rates and higher than anticipated in countries where we have higher statutory tax rates.
At March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, we had gross tax effected unrecognized tax benefits of $28.3 million and $27.3 million, respectively, which are included in other long-term liabilities. If these benefits were recognized, they would impact our effective tax rate. We do not expect a significant change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months.fiscal year 2019.
15.Commitments and Contingencies
15. Commitments and Contingencies
Litigation and Other Claims
Similar to many companies in the software industry, we are involved in a variety of claims, demands, suits, investigations and proceedings that arise from time to time relating to matters incidental to the ordinary course of our business, including at times actions with respect to contracts, intellectual property, employment, benefits and securities matters. We have estimatedAt each balance sheet date we evaluate contingent liabilities associated with these matters in accordance with ASC 450 “Contingencies.” If the potential loss from any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, we accrue a liability for the estimated loss. Significant judgments are required for the determination of probableprobability and the range of the outcomes, and estimates are based only on the best information available at the time. Due to the inherent uncertainties involved in claims and legal proceedings and in estimating losses that may resultarise, actual outcomes may differ from all currently pending matters, and such amounts are reflectedour estimates. Contingencies deemed not probable or for which losses were not estimable in our consolidated financial statements. These recorded amounts are not material to our consolidated financial positionone period may become probable, or results of operations and no additional material losses related to these pending matters are reasonably possible. While it is not possible to predict the outcome of these matters with certainty, we do not expect the results of any of these actions tomay become estimable in later periods, which may have a material adverse effectimpact on our results of operations orand financial position. However, eachAs of these matters is subjectDecember 31, 2017, accrued losses were not material to uncertainties, the actual losses may prove to be larger or smaller than the accruals reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements, and we could incur judgments or enter into settlements of claims that could adversely affectdo not expect any pending matter to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


statements.
Guarantees and Other
We often include indemnification provisions in the customercontracts we enter with customers and business partner contracts.partners. Generally, these provisions require us to defend claims arising out of our products’ infringement of third-party intellectual property rights, breach of contractual obligations and/or unlawful or otherwise culpable conduct. The indemnity obligations generally cover damages, costs and attorneys’ fees arising out of such claims. In most, but not all cases, our total liability under such provisions is limited to either the value of

17


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

the contract or a specified, agreed upon amount. In some cases, our total liability under such provisions is unlimited. In many, but not all cases, the term of the indemnity provision is perpetual. While the maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under all the indemnification provisions is unlimited, we believe the estimated fair value of these provisions is minimal due to the low frequency with which these provisions have been triggered.
We indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, which provides among other things, indemnification to directors and officers for expenses, judgments, fines, penalties and settlement amounts incurred by such persons in their capacity as a director or officer of the company, regardless of whether the individual is serving in any such capacity at the time the liability or expense is incurred. Additionally, in connection with certain acquisitions, we have agreed to indemnify the former officers and members of the boards of directors of those companies, on similar terms as described above, for a period of six years from the acquisition date. In certain cases, we purchase director and officer insurance policies related to these obligations, which fully cover the six yearsix-year period. To the extent that we do not purchase a director and officer insurance policy for the full period of any contractual indemnification, and such directors and officers do not have coverage under separate insurance policies, we would be required to pay for costs incurred, if any, as described above.
16.Segment and Geographic Information
We operate16. Segment and Geographic Information
During the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, we commenced a reorganization of our segment reporting structure based on the growth of each business and the evolving industry vertical in which it participates. Such reorganization will allow our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") greater focus on implementing strategic initiatives and report financialidentifying future investment opportunities. In January 2018, we publicly announced that, in addition to the previously communicated intent to establish the automotive business as a separate reportable segment and business line, we will also merge the Communications Service Provider (CSP, or Mobile Operator Services) business line into the Enterprise segment to form a consolidated focus on our business in the telecommunications market. In connection with the ongoing reorganization, we are currently implementing changes to our reporting processes to facilitate operating segment reporting. As a transition, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, segment information compiled and presented to our CODM still reflects the existing segment structure. As a result, segment information for the following four reportable segments: Healthcare, Mobile, Enterprise,three months ended December 31, 2017 and Imaging.2016 below was presented in manner consistent with the level of discrete financial information included within our CODM review package. We expect that the reorganization efforts will be completed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2018, and the presentation of our segment information will reflect the reorganized segment reporting structure upon completion of the reorganization. Additionally, we are continuing the process of identifying and assessing other initiatives to better align our segment reporting structure with our long-term strategies.
Our CODM regularly reviewed segment revenues and segment profits for performance evaluation and resources allocation. Segment profit is an important measure usedrevenues include certain acquisition-related adjustments for evaluating performance and for decision-making purposes and reflectsrevenues that would otherwise have been recognized without the directacquisition. Segment profits reflect controllable costs ofdirectly related to each segment together with anand the allocation of certain corporate expenses such as, corporate sales and corporate marketing expenses and certain research and development project costs that benefit multiple product offerings. Segment profit represents income from operations excludingsegments. Certain items such as stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets, acquisition-related costs, net, restructuring and other charges, net, costs associated with intellectual property collaboration agreements, other expense,expenses, net and certain unallocated corporate expenses. We believe that these adjustmentsexpenses are excluded from segment profits, which allow for more completemeaningful comparisons to the financial results of the historical operations.operations for the performance evaluation and resources allocation by our CODM.
The Healthcare segment is primarily engaged in clinical speech and clinical language understanding solutions that improve the clinical documentation process, - from capturing the complete patient record to improving clinical documentation and quality measures for reimbursement.
The Mobile segment is primarily engaged in providing a broad portfolio of specialized virtual assistants and connected services built on voice recognition, text-to-speech, natural language understanding, dialog, and text input technologies. Our
The Enterprise segment is primarily engaged in using speech, natural language understanding, and artificial intelligence to provide automated and assisted customer solutions and services for voice, mobile, web and messaging channels, in native and secure modes. channels.
The Imaging segment is primarily engaged in software solutions and expertise that help professionals and organizations to gain optimal control of their document and information processes through scanning and print management.


18


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)


We do not track our assets by operating segment. Consequently, it is not practical to show assets or depreciation by operating segment. The following table presents segment results along with a reconciliation of segment profit to (loss) incomeloss before income taxes (dollars in thousands): 
Three Months Ended Six Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, March 31,December 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162017 2016
Segment revenues(a):
       
Segment revenues:
   
Healthcare$238,466
 $244,391
 $477,673
 $492,475
$245,535
 $239,208
Mobile100,226
 91,835
 192,010
 188,238
89,829
 91,784
Enterprise119,357
 94,443
 232,295
 183,219
117,831
 112,938
Imaging53,048
 56,744
 105,137
 118,351
55,630
 52,089
Total segment revenues511,097
 487,413
 1,007,115
 982,283
508,825
 496,019
Less: acquisition-related revenues adjustments(11,524) (8,680) (19,884) (17,435)(7,180) (8,361)
Total consolidated revenues499,573
 478,733
 987,231
 964,848
Total revenues501,645
 487,658
Segment profit:          
Healthcare83,328
 78,382
 161,896
 159,611
77,419
 78,567
Mobile40,437
 33,448
 73,909
 67,212
25,423
 33,471
Enterprise41,772
 34,059
 73,730
 60,270
38,935
 31,958
Imaging18,470
 22,192
 36,086
 49,177
15,643
 17,616
Total segment profit184,007
 168,081
 345,621
 336,270
157,420
 161,612
Corporate expenses and other, net(30,186) (35,878) (61,148) (66,598)(44,665) (30,959)
Acquisition-related revenues and cost of revenues adjustments(11,524) (8,471) (19,884) (17,060)
Acquisition-related revenues(7,180) (8,361)
Stock-based compensation(40,348) (38,163) (79,478) (80,511)(37,986) (39,130)
Amortization of intangible assets(45,130) (42,787) (88,531) (85,451)(38,420) (43,401)
Acquisition-related costs, net(5,379) (1,225) (14,405) (3,705)(5,561) (9,026)
Restructuring and other charges, net(19,911) (6,652) (26,614) (14,540)(14,801) (6,703)
Costs associated with IP collaboration agreements
 (2,000) 
 (4,000)
Other expense, net(56,196) (30,706) (93,803) (66,504)
(Loss) income before income taxes$(24,667) $2,199
 $(38,242) $(2,099)
Other expenses, net(34,100) (37,608)
Loss before income taxes$(25,293) $(13,576)
(a)
Segment revenues differ from reported revenues due to certain revenue adjustments related to acquisitions that would otherwise have been recognized but for the purchase accounting treatment of the business combinations. These revenues are included to allow for more complete comparisons to the financial results of historical operations and in evaluating management performance.
No country outside of the United States provided greater than 10% of our total revenues. Revenues, classified by the major geographic areas in which our customers are located, were as follows (dollars in thousands): 
Three Months Ended Six Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, March 31,December 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162017 2016
United States$352,937
 $338,710
 $702,107
 $694,524
$364,286
 $349,170
International146,636
 140,023
 285,124
 270,324
137,359
 138,488
Total revenues$499,573
 $478,733
 $987,231
 $964,848
$501,645
 $487,658


19


NUANCE COMMUNICATIONS, INC.
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

17. Supplemental Cash Flow Information

Cash paid for Interest and Income Taxes:
 Three Months Ended December 31,
 2017 2016
 (Dollars in thousands)
Interest paid$27,281
 $11,069
Income taxes paid$4,600
 $4,205
Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities:
From time to time, we issue shares of our common stock in connection with our business and asset acquisitions, including shares issued as payment for acquisitions, shares initially held in escrow, and shares issued as payment for contingent consideration, which is discussed in Note 3.


Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis is intended to help the reader understand the results of operations and financial condition of our business. Management’s Discussion and Analysis is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

CAUTIONARY NOTE CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q including the sections entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” under Items 2 and 3, respectively, of Part I of this report, and the sections entitled “Legal Proceedings” and “Risk Factors,” under Items 1 and 1A, respectively, of Part II of this report, contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that, if they never materialize or if they prove incorrect, could cause our consolidated results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements include predictions regarding:
our future bookings, revenues, cost of revenues, research and development expenses, selling, general and administrative expenses, amortization of intangible assets and gross margin;
our strategy relating to our segments;
our transformation program to reduce costs and optimize processes;
market trends;
technological advancements;
the potential of future product releases;
our product development plans and the timing, amount and impact of investments in research and development;
future acquisitions, and anticipated benefits from acquisitions;
international operations and localized versions of our products; and
the conduct, timing and outcome of legal proceedings and litigation matters.
You can identify these and other forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “intends,” “potential,” “continue” or the negative of such terms, or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements also include the assumptions underlying or relating to any of the foregoing statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements for many reasons, including the risks described in Item 1A — “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. We undertake no obligation to publicly release any revisions to the forward-looking statements or reflect events or circumstances after the date of this document.
OVERVIEW
Business Overview
We are a leading provider of voice recognition and natural language understanding solutions. Our solutions and technologies are used in the healthcare, mobile, consumer, enterprise customer service, and imaging markets. We are seeing several trends in our markets, including (i) the growing adoption of cloud-based, connected services and highly interactive mobile applications, (ii) deeper integration of virtual assistant capabilities and services, and (iii) the continued expansion of our core technology portfolio from speech recognition to natural language understanding, semantic processing, domain-specific reasoning, dialog management capabilities, artificial intelligence, and biometric speaker authentication.
Confronted by dramatic increases in electronic information, consumers, business personnel and healthcare professionals must use a variety of resources to retrieve information, transcribe patient records, conduct transactions and perform other job-related functions. We believe that the power of our solutions can transform the way people use the Internet, telecommunications systems, electronic medical records ("EMR"), wireless and mobile networks and related corporate infrastructure to conduct business.BusinessTrends
Healthcare.  Trends inWithin our healthcare business, include growing customer preference forour customers are shifting away from solely using hosted solutions and subscription-based license models and increased use of mobile devices to access healthcare systems and create clinical

documentation within electronic health record systems. In addition, we are experiencing growing demand fortranscription services towards more integrated solutions combining ourthat combine both Dragon Medical cloud solutions and hosted transcription offerings.services. The volume processed in our hosted transcription services has continued to erodedecline as customers adoptimplement electronic medical record systems and our Dragon Medical solutions. This decline has beennegative trend was partially offset by new customer wins and the increased sale ofhigher demands for integrated solutions. Additionally, customers continued to shift away from perpetual licenses towards hosting solutions, of our transcription and Dragon Medical offerings. We have also experienced declines in our Dragon Medical perpetual license revenue as customers shift toward Dragon Medical cloud offerings. These cloud offerings are enablingwhich enable the expansion of our Dragon Medical cloud solutions to include new clinical language understanding and artificial intelligenceArtificial Intelligence ("AI") innovations, providing real time queries to the physician at the point of care. We believe an important trend in the healthcare market is the desire to improve efficiency in the coding and revenue cycle management process. Our solutions reduce costs by increasing automation of this important workflow and also enable hospitals to improve documentation used to support billings. The industry’s shift in international classification of diseases ("ICD") from ICD-9 to ICD-10, together with evolving reimbursement reform that is increasingly focused on clinical outcomes, has increased the complexity of the clinical documentation and coding processes. This shift is reinforcing our customers’ desire for improved efficiency. We are investing to expand our product set to address the various opportunities, including deeper integration with our clinical documentation solutions; investing in our cloud-based products and operations; entering new and adjacent markets such as ambulatory care; and expanding our international capabilities.

Mobile.  Trends in our mobile business include automotive original equipment manufacturers ("OEM") differentiating their offerings by using voice and contentOur Mobile segment continued to provide an enhanced experiencebenefit from the increasing demands for drivers; consumer electronics companies and cable operators competing to develop virtual assistant technologies for the home; geographic expansion of our mobile operator services; and the adoption of our technology on a broadening scope of devices, such as televisions, set-top boxes, and third-party applications. The more powerful capabilities within automobiles and mobile devices require us to supply a broader portfolio of specialized virtual assistants and connected car services providing voice recognition, content integration, text-to-speech, and natural language understanding capabilities. We continued to see increased demand for our enhanced offerings that combined speech and natural language understanding technology with artificial intelligence particularly from large automotive OEMs for our embedded and connected solutions. We are continuing to see a decline in our devices revenue resulting from the consolidation of the device market to a small number of customers as well as increased competition inbuilt on voice recognition and natural language solutionsunderstanding as automotive manufacturers compete to incorporate specialized virtual assistants in their product offerings to deliver a more integrated and services sold to device OEMs.personalized driving experience. We continue to see demand involvingstrengthen our position in the salefast-growing connected car market by partnering with new customers and deliveryexpanding our offerings to existing customers. The positive trend in automotive is offset in part by the negative effect of both softwarethe consolidation of the mobile devices industry and non-software related services, as well as products to help customers define, design and implement increasingly robust and complex custom solutions such as virtual assistants. We continue to see an increasing proportion of revenue from on-demand and transactional arrangements as opposed to traditional perpetual licensing ofthe current headwinds in our Mobile products and solutions. Although this has a negative impact on near-term revenue, we believe this model will build more predictable revenues over time. We are investing in the expansion of the cloud capabilities and content of our automotive solutions; machine learning technologies, expansion across the Internet of Things in our devices solutions; and go-to market strategies with mobile operators.Operator Services.

Enterprise.  Trends in our enterprise business include increasing interest in the use of mobile applications and web sites to access customer care systems and records, voice-based authentication of users, increasing interest in coordinating actions and data across customer care channels, and the ability of a broader set of hardware providers and systems integrators to serve the market. In addition, for large enterprise businesses around the world, customer service interactions are accelerating toward more pervasive digital engagement across web, mobile and social platforms. In order to acquire and retain customers, enterprises need to be able to provide a customer service experience when and how the customer desires. This is creating a growing market opportunityStrong demands for our omni-channel enterpriseengagement solutions powered by AI continued to fuel revenue growth within our Enterprise segment. Additionally, the segment benefited from the strengths in our digital messaging solutions and our Engines and Analytics offers, along with the acquisition of TouchCommerce, Inc., which closed during the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2016, we will be able to provide an end-to-end engagement platform that merges intelligent self-service with assisted service to increase customer satisfaction, strengthen customer loyalty and improve business results. In fiscal year 2016, revenues and bookings from on-demand solutionssolid performance in our professional services. We continued to increase, as a growing proportion of customers choose our cloud-based solutions for call center, web and mobile customer care solutions. We expect these trends to continue in fiscal year 2017. We are investing to extendenhance our technology capabilities with intelligent self-service and artificial intelligence for customer service;service, extend the market for our on-demand omni-channel enterprise solutions into international markets;markets, expand our sales and solutions for voice biometrics;biometrics, and expand our on-premise productcore products and services portfolio.

Imaging.The imaging market is evolving to include more networked solutions to multi-function printing ("MFP") devices, as well as more mobile access to those networked solutions, and away from packaged software. We are investing to merge the scan and print technology platforms to improve mobile access to our solutions and technologies;technologies, expand our distribution channels and embedding relationships;embedded relationships, and expand our language coverage for optical character recognition ("OCR") in order to drive a more comprehensive and compelling offering to our partners.

Key Metrics
In evaluating the financial condition and operating performance of our business, management focuses on revenues, net income, gross margins, operating margins, cash flow from operations, and changes in deferred revenue. A summary of these key financial metrics is as follows:
Forfor the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, as compared to the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016:2016, is as follows:
Total revenues increased by $22.4$14.0 million to $987.2$501.6 million;
Net lossincome increased by $38.6$77.2 million to a loss of $57.7$53.2 million;
Gross margins decreased by 0.5 percentage points to 56.9%55.9%;
Operating margins decreased by 1.03.2 percentage points to 5.6%1.8%; and
Cash provided by operating activities decreased $50.7by $38.8 million to $250.3$86.1 million.
As of MarchDecember 31, 2017, as compared to MarchDecember 31, 2016:
Total deferred revenue increased 7.2%by 9.7% from $748.5$802.5 million to $802.4$880.6 million primarily driven primarily by our hosting solutions, most notably forcontinued growth of our automotive connected services in our Mobile segment.services.
In addition to the above key financial metrics, we also focus on certain operating metrics. A summary of these key operating metrics for the quarterthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, as compared to the quarterthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016, is as follows:
Net new bookings increased 30.8%by 10.0% from one year ago to $410.4$418.4 million. The net new bookings growth benefited from strong bookings performance inwas primarily driven by our Healthcareautomotive business and Mobile segments.Enterprise solutions.
Bookings represent the estimated gross revenue value of transactions at the time of contract execution, except for maintenance and support offerings. For fixed price contracts, the bookings value represents the gross total contract value. For contracts where revenue is based on transaction volume, the bookings value represents the contract price multiplied by the estimated future transaction volume during the contract term, whether or not such transaction volumes are guaranteed under a minimum commitment clause. Actual results could be different than our initial estimate. The maintenance and support bookings value represents the amounts the customer is invoiced in the period. Because of the inherent estimates required to determine bookings and the fact that the actual resultant revenue may differ from our initial bookings estimates, we consider bookings one indicator of potential future revenue and not as an arithmetic measure of backlog.
Net new bookings represents the estimated revenue value at the time of contract execution from new contractual arrangements or the estimated revenue value incremental to the portion of value that will be renewed under pre-existing arrangements;arrangements.
Recurring revenue represented 73.3%70.8% and 69.0%72.4% of total revenue for sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 and MarchDecember 31, 2016, respectively. Recurring revenue represents the sum of recurring hosting, product and licensing, hosting, and maintenance and support revenues as well as the portion of professional services revenue delivered under ongoing contracts. Recurring product and licensing revenue comprises term-based and ratable licenses as well as revenues from royalty arrangements;arrangements.

Annualized line run-rate in our on-demand healthcare solutions decreased 8%by 28% from onea year ago to approximately 4.73.3 billion lines per year. The decrease was primarily due to the continued erosion in our transcription services.services and the impact of the malware incident that occurred in the third quarter of fiscal year 2017. The annualized line run-rate is determined using billed equivalent line counts in a given quarter, multiplied by four; andfour.
Estimated three-year value of total on-demand contracts at MarchDecember 31, 2017 increased 19%decreased by 6% from onea year ago to approximately $2.6$2.3 billion. The increasedecrease was primarily due to the continued erosion in our Enterprise omni-channel solutionstranscription services and the impact of the malware incident, offset by growth in our Dragon Medical cloud offerings.and automotive solutions. We determine this value as of the end of the period reported, by using our estimate of three years of anticipated future revenue streams under signed on-demand contracts then in place, whether or not they are guaranteed through a minimum commitment clause. Our estimate is based on assumptions used in evaluating the contracts and determining sales compensation, adjusted for changes in estimated launch dates, actual volumes achieved, and other factors deemed relevant. For contracts with an expiration date beyond three years, we include only the value expected within three years. For other contracts, we assume renewal consistent with historic renewal rates unless there is a known cancellation. Contracts are

generally priced by volume of usage and typically have no or low minimum commitments. Actual revenue could vary from our estimates due to factors such as cancellations, non-renewals or volume fluctuations.
Cybersecurity & Data Privacy Matters
On June 27, 2017, Nuance was a victim of the global NotPetya malware incident (the “Malware Incident”). The NotPetya malware affected certain Nuance systems, including systems used by our healthcare customers, primarily for transcription services, as well as systems used by our imaging division to receive and process orders. For fiscal year 2017, we estimate that we lost approximately $68.0 million in revenues, primarily in our Healthcare segment, due to the service disruption and the reserves we established for customer refund credits related to the Malware Incident. Additionally, we incurred incremental costs of approximately $24.0 million for fiscal year 2017 as a result of our remediation and restoration efforts, as well as incremental amortization expenses. Although the direct effects of the Malware Incident were remediated during fiscal year 2017, as explained below, the Malware Incident had a continued effect on our results of operations in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 including contributing to: a year-over-year decline in the annualized line run-rate in our on-demand healthcare solutions and in the estimated three-year value of on-demand contracts; a year-over-year decline in hosted revenue and an increase in restructuring and other charges. In addition, we expect to expend additional resources during fiscal year 2018 and beyond to continue to enhance and upgrade information security.
In addition, in December 2017, an unauthorized third party illegally accessed reports hosted on a Nuance transcription platform. This incident was limited in scope to records of approximately 45,000 individuals and was isolated to a single transcription platform that was promptly shutdown. Customers using that platform were notified of the incident and were migrated to our eScription transcription platforms. We also notified law enforcement authorities and have cooperated in their investigation into the matter. This incident did not have a material effect on our financial results for the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 and is not expected to have a material effect on our financial results for future periods. Future cybersecurity or data privacy incidents could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.  See “Risk Factors - Cybersecurity and data privacy incidents or breaches may damage client relations and inhibit our growth.”.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Total Revenues
The following tables show total revenues by product type and by geographic location, based on the location of our customers, in dollars and percentage change (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Professional services and hosting$258.7
 $240.2
 $18.5
 7.7% $512.1
 $467.3
 $44.8
 9.6 %$259.0
 $253.4
 $5.6
 2.2 %
Product and licensing159.3
 158.6
 0.6
 0.4% 311.0
 337.7
 (26.7) (7.9)%161.8
 151.8
 10.1
 6.6 %
Maintenance and support81.6
 79.9
 1.7
 2.1% 164.1
 159.8
 4.3
 2.7 %80.8
 82.5
 (1.7) (2.0)%
Total Revenues$499.6
 $478.7
 $20.8
 4.4% $987.2
 $964.8
 $22.4
 2.3 %$501.6
 $487.7
 $14.0
 2.9 %
United States$352.9
 $338.7
 $14.2
 4.2% $702.1
 $694.5
 $7.6
 1.1 %$364.3
 $349.2
 $15.1
 4.3 %
International146.6
 140.0
 6.6
 4.7% 285.1
 270.3
 14.8
 5.5 %137.4
 138.5
 (1.1) (0.8)%
Total Revenues$499.6
 $478.7
 $20.8
 4.4% $987.2
 $964.8
 $22.4
 2.3 %$501.6
 $487.7
 $14.0
 2.9 %
The geographic split for the three months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, was 71%73% of total revenues in the United States and 29% internationally, as compared to 71% of total revenues in the United States and 29% internationally for the same period last year.
The geographic split for the six months ended March 31, 2017, was 71% of total revenues in the United States and 29%27% internationally, as compared to 72% of total revenues in the United States and 28% internationally for the same period last year.

Professional Services and Hosting Revenue
Professional services revenue primarily consists of consulting, implementation and training services for customers. Hosting revenue primarily relates to delivering on-demand hosted services, such as medical transcription, automated customer care applications, mobile operator services, mobile infotainment and search and transcription, over a specified term. The following table shows professional services and hosting revenue, in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Professional services revenue$56.5
 $55.6
 $1.0
 1.7% $116.7
 $105.2
 $11.4
 10.9%$73.9
 $60.1
 $13.8
 22.9 %
Hosting revenue202.2
 184.6
 17.5
 9.5% 395.4
 362.1
 33.4
 9.2%185.1
 193.3
 (8.1) (4.2)%
Professional services and hosting revenue$258.7
 $240.2
 $18.5
 7.7% $512.1
 $467.3
 $44.8
 9.6%$259.0
 $253.4
 $5.6
 2.2 %
As a percentage of total revenue51.8% 50.2%     51.9% 48.4%    51.6% 52.0%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
In our hosting business, EnterpriseHosting revenue decreased by $8.1 million, or 4.2%. The decreases were primarily due to lower hosting revenue increased $9.0 million primarily driven by strength across many of our omni-channel cloud offerings including revenue from a recent acquisition. Mobile on-demand revenue grew $6.9 million primarily driven by a continued trend toward cloud-based services in our automotive solutions and strength in our mobile operator services. Healthcare on-demand revenue grew $1.6 million with strong growth in our Dragon Medical cloud revenue as we continue to transition to cloud offerings partially offset by a revenue decreasesegment due to the continued erosion in transcription services, and the negative impact of the Malware Incident, offset in part by the positive effect of customers' transition to our transcription services.Dragon cloud-based solutions.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016Professional services revenue increased by $13.8 million, or 22.9%. The increases were primarily due to higher revenue from professional services related to Dragon Medical offerings in our Healthcare segment.
In our hosting business, EnterpriseAs a percentage of total revenue, professional services and hosting revenue increased $24.6 milliondecreased from 52.0% to 51.6%, primarily driven bydue to lower hosting revenue from a recent acquisition and strength across many of our omni-channel cloud offerings. Mobile on-demand revenue grew $11.0 million primarily driven by a continued trend toward cloud-based services in our automotive solutions and strength in our mobile operator services. These increases were partially offset by a $2.3 million decrease in the Healthcare hosting revenue as we continue to experience some erosion in our transcription services which is partially offset by growth in our Dragon Medical cloud revenue due to transition to cloud offerings. In our professional services business, Healthcare professional services revenue increased $7.2 million driven

by an acquisition in fiscal year 2016. In addition, professional services revenue increased $3.1 million in our Mobile segment and $1.1 million in our Enterprise segment.discussed above.
Product and Licensing Revenue
Product and licensing revenue primarily consists of sales and licenses of our technology. The following table shows product and licensing revenue, in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Product and licensing revenue$159.3
 $158.6
 $0.6
 0.4% $311.0
 $337.7
 $(26.7) (7.9)%$161.8
 $151.8
 $10.1
 6.6%
As a percentage of total revenue31.9% 33.1%     31.5% 35.0%    32.3% 31.1%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
The increase inProduct and licensing revenue increased by $10.1 million, or 6.6%. As a percentage of total revenue, product and licensing revenue consisted of a $6.7 million increase in our Enterprise segment and a $1.4 million increase in our Mobile segment driven by growth in our embedded speech license sales. Theseincreased from 31.1% to 32.3%. The increases were partially offset by a $4.4 million decreaseprimarily due to higher product and licensing revenue in our Healthcare segment, as we continueprimarily due to transition our Dragon Medical offeringshigher revenue from a perpetual license sales modeldiagnostics solutions due to a cloud service modelrecent acquisitions and a $3.1 million decrease in our Imaging license sales.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
The decrease in product and licensing revenue consisted of a $18.1 million decrease in our Healthcare segment, a $8.3 million decrease in our Mobile segment, and an $11.1 million decrease in our Imaging segment, partially offset by a $10.7 million increase in our Enterprise segment. The revenue decrease in our Healthcare segment was mainly driven by lower revenues from our Dragon Medical perpetual license sales as we transition from perpetual to cloud and subscription models. The revenue decrease in our Mobile business was driven by a decline in devices revenue resulting from deterioration in mature markets, partially offset by revenuethe growth in our automotive business. The revenue decrease in our Imaging segment was mainly driven by lower sales of our MFP products. These decreases were partially offset with higher license sales within our Enterprise segment.clinical documentation improvement solutions.
Maintenance and Support Revenue
Maintenance and support revenue primarily consists of technical support and maintenance services. The following table shows maintenance and support revenue, in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Maintenance and support revenue$81.6
 $79.9
 $1.7
 2.1% $164.1
 $159.8
 $4.3
 2.7%$80.8
 $82.5
 $(1.7) (2.0)%
As a percentage of total revenue16.3% 16.7%     16.6% 16.6%    16.1% 16.9%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
The increase inMaintenance and support revenue decreased by $1.7 million, or 2.0%. As a percentage of total revenue, maintenance and support revenue was drivendecreased from 16.9% to 16.1%. The decreases were primarily by our Enterprise and Imaging segments.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
The increase indue to lower maintenance and support revenue was driven primarily by our Enterprise and Imaging segments.in Healthcare as customers continued to transition from product licenses to cloud-based solutions.

Costs and ExpensesCOSTS AND EXPENSES
Cost of Professional Services and Hosting Revenue
Cost of professional services and hosting revenue primarily consists of compensation for services personnel, outside consultants and overhead, as well as the hardware, infrastructure and communications fees that support our hosting solutions. The following table shows the cost of professional services and hosting revenue, in dollars and as a percentage of professional services and hosting revenue (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended Dollar
Change
 Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Cost of professional services and hosting revenue$164.2
 $154.7
 $9.5
 6.1% $329.1
 $308.0
 $21.1
 6.8%$172.5
 $164.9
 $7.6
 4.6%
As a percentage of professional services and hosting revenue63.5% 64.4%     64.3% 65.9%    66.6% 65.1%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
The increase in cost of professional services and hosting revenue was primarily driven by higher compensation expense in our Enterprise segment driven by recent acquisitions and higher cloud services costs driven bydue to the growth in our Dragon Medical cloud revenueofferings, offset in our Healthcare segment.part by the decline in transcription services revenue. Gross margins increased 0.9decreased by 1.5 percentage points primarily driven bydue to the gross margin expansiondecline in our cloud-basedtranscription services, within our Mobile and Healthcare segments, partially offset by impact from a recent acquisition which carries a lower gross margin.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
Thethe increase in cost of professional services and hostinghealthcare consulting service engagements that contributed lower margin, offset in part by a favorable shift in revenue was primarily driven bymix towards higher compensation expense in our Enterprise segment driven by recent acquisitions. Gross margins increased 1.6 percentage points primarily driven by margin expansion in our cloud-based services within our Mobile segment, partially offset by impactDragon Medical offerings from a recent acquisition which carries a lower gross margin.margin transcription services.
Cost of Product and Licensing Revenue
Cost of product and licensing revenue primarily consists of material and fulfillment costs, manufacturing and operations costs and third-party royalty expenses. The following table shows the cost of product and licensing revenue, in dollars and as a percentage of product and licensing revenue (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Cost of product and licensing revenue$18.8
 $20.8
 $(2.0) (9.8)% $37.2
 $44.2
 $(7.1) (16.0)%$19.1
 $18.4
 $0.7
 3.8%
As a percentage of product and licensing revenue11.8% 13.1%     12.0% 13.1%    11.8% 12.1%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
The decrease in costCost of product and licensing revenue was primarily drivenincreased by lower costs in our Healthcare and Imaging segments.$0.7 million, or 3.8%. Gross margins increased 1.30.3 percentage points, primarily driven by higher revenues from higher margin license productsimprovement in our Enterprise segment.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
The decreaseDragon Medical perpetual licenses due to growth in cost of product and licensing revenue was primarily driven by lower costs in our Healthcare and Imaging segments. Gross margins increased 1.1 percentage points, primarily driven by higher revenues from higher margin license products in our Enterprise segment.

international markets.
Cost of Maintenance and Support Revenue
Cost of maintenance and support revenue primarily consists of compensation for product support personnel and overhead. The following table shows the cost of maintenance and support revenue, in dollars and as a percentage of maintenance and support revenue (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Cost of maintenance and support revenue$13.2
 $13.6
 $(0.4) (2.8)% $26.8
 $26.9
 $(0.1) (0.3)%$14.2
 $13.6
 $0.6
 4.7%
As a percentage of maintenance and support revenue16.2% 17.1%     16.4% 16.8%    17.6% 16.5%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
Gross margins increased 0.9 percentage points primarily driven by higherCost of maintenance and support revenue in our Enterprise segment which carries a higher margin.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
increased by $0.6 million, or 4.7%, primarily due to lower maintenance and support revenue. Gross margins increased 0.4decreased by 1.1 percentage points primarily driven by higherdue to lower margin on Dragon Medical maintenance and support revenue in our Enterprise segment which carries a higher margin.services.

Research and Development Expense
Research and development ("R&D") expense primarily consists of salaries, benefits, and overhead relating to engineering staff as well as third party engineering costs. The following table shows research and development expense, in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Research and development expense$66.2
 $67.2
 $(1.0) (1.5)% $132.6
 $137.8
 $(5.2) (3.8)%$73.4
 $66.3
 $7.0
 10.6%
As a percentage of total revenue13.3% 14.0%     13.4% 14.3%    14.6% 13.6%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
The decrease in researchResearch and development expense wasincreased by $7.0 million, or 10.6%, primarily attributabledue to higher compensation expenses as a result of higher R&D headcount as we continue to enhance our R&D capability and invest in new technologies while optimizing our cost structure by shifting certain R&D activities to lower compensation costs, as we benefited from our cost-savings initiatives including our restructuring plans and our on-going efforts to move costs and activities to lower-cost countries during the period.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
The decrease in research and development expense was primarily attributable to lower compensation costs, as we benefited from our cost-savings initiatives including our restructuring plans and our on-going efforts to move costs and activities to lower-cost countries during the period.

cost regions.
Sales and Marketing Expense
Sales and marketing expense includes salaries and benefits, commissions, advertising, direct mail, public relations, tradeshow costs and other costs of marketing programs, travel expenses associated with our sales organization and overhead. The following table shows sales and marketing expense, in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Sales and marketing expense$93.7
 $92.8
 $0.8
 0.9% $195.2
 $193.4
 $1.8
 0.9%$102.0
 $101.5
 $0.4
 0.4%
As a percentage of total revenue18.8% 19.4%     19.8% 20.0%    20.3% 20.8%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
The increase in salesSales and marketing expense was primarily attributable to a $4.5increased by $0.4 million, or essentially flat, as the increase in total compensationtravel and commission costs, including stock-based compensation expense, partiallyentertainment expenses were offset by a $3.6 million decrease in marketing and channel program spending and a $2.0 million decrease in expense as a result of the conclusion of exclusive commercialization rights under a collaboration agreement during the second quarter of fiscal year 2016.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily attributable to a $9.6 million increase in totallower compensation and commission costs, including stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by a $6.8 million decrease in marketing and channel program spending and a $4.0 million decrease in expense as a result of the conclusion of exclusive commercialization rights under a collaboration agreement during the second quarter of fiscal year 2016.expense.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense primarily consists of personnel costs for administration, finance, human resources, general management, fees for external professional advisers including accountants and attorneys, and provisions for doubtful accounts. The following table shows general and administrative expense, in dollars and as a percentage of total revenues (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
General and administrative expense$41.5
 $45.9
 $(4.4) (9.6)% $81.3
 $86.4
 $(5.1) (5.9)%$52.9
 $39.8
 $13.1
 32.9%
As a percentage of total revenue8.3% 9.6%     8.2% 9.0%    10.5% 8.2%    
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared withto Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2016
The decrease in generalGeneral and administrative expense wasincreased by $13.1 million, or 32.9%, primarily attributabledue to the decrease in consulting andhigher professional services fees related to assessingidentifying and evaluating strategic alternatives and our transformation program.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared with Six Months Ended March 31, 2016
The decrease in general and administrative expense was primarily attributable to the decrease in consulting and professional services feesinitiatives, higher expenses related to assessing strategic alternativesupgrading our technological infrastructure, and our transformation program.higher compensation expense related to increased administrative headcount.

Amortization of Intangible Assets
Amortization of acquired patents and core and completed technologytechnologies are included in cost of revenue and the amortization of acquired customer and contractual relationships, non-compete agreements, acquired trade names and trademarks, and other intangibles are included in operating expenses. Customer relationships are amortized on an accelerated basis based upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of the customer relationships are being realized. Other identifiable intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Amortization expense was recorded as follows (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Cost of revenue$17.2
 $16.3
 $0.9
 5.4% $32.8
 $32.0
 $0.8
 2.5%$15.4
 $15.5
 $(0.2) (1.2)%
Operating expenses27.9
 26.4
 1.5
 5.5% 55.8
 53.5
 2.3
 4.3%23.1
 27.9
 (4.8) (17.2)%
Total amortization expense$45.1
 $42.9
 $2.2
 5.2% $88.5
 $85.5
 $3.1
 3.6%$38.4
 $43.4
 $(5.0) (11.5)%
As a percentage of total revenue9.0% 9.0%     9.0% 8.9%    7.7% 8.9%    
The increasedecrease in total amortization of intangible assets for the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, as compared to the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016, wasis primarily attributabledue to the amortization of acquired customer relationshipcertain intangible assets from recent acquisitions.which became fully amortized during fiscal year 2017.
Acquisition-Related Costs, Net
Acquisition-related costs include costs related to business and other acquisitions, including potential acquisitions. These costs consist of (i) transition and integration costs, including retention payments, transitional employee costs, and earn-out payments, treated as compensation expense, as well as theand other costs of integration-related activities, including services provided by third-parties;related to integration activities; (ii) professional service fees, and expenses, including financial advisory, legal, accounting, and other outside services incurred in connection with acquisition activities, and disputes and regulatory matters related to acquired entities; and (iii) fair value adjustments to acquisition-related items that are required to be marked to fair value each reporting period, such as contingent consideration, and other items related to acquisitions for whichcontingencies. A summary of the measurement period has ended, such as gains or losses on settlements of pre-acquisition contingencies. Acquisition-relatedacquisition-related costs were recordedis as follows (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31,December 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162017 2016
Transition and integration costs$3.6
 $1.0
 $2.6
 247.6% $7.3
 $2.0
 $5.3
 259.8 %$4.1
 $3.7
 $0.4
 9.5 %
Professional service fees3.0
 1.2
 1.8
 148.5% 8.0
 2.6
 5.4
 207.3 %0.5
 5.0
 (4.5) (89.8)%
Acquisition-related adjustments(1.2) (1.0) (0.2) 19.4% (0.9) (0.9) 
 (2.4)%1.0
 0.3
 0.7
 230.4 %
Total acquisition-related costs, net$5.4
 $1.2
 $4.2
 339.1% $14.4
 $3.7
 $10.7
 288.8 %$5.6
 $9.0
 $(3.5) (38.4)%
As a percentage of total revenue1.1% 0.3%     1.5% 0.4%    1.1% 1.9%    
Included in transition and integrationAcquisition-related costs, net for the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 is $2.5decreased by $3.5 million, and $5.6 million relatedprimarily due to contingent retention payments for acquisitions closed duringthe decrease in professional services fees driven by reduced acquisition activities in the first quarter of fiscal years 2016 and 2017.year 2018.
Restructuring and Other Charges, Net
Restructuring and other charges, net include restructuring expenses together with other charges that are unusual in nature, are the result of unplanned events, and arise outside of the ordinary course of continuing operations. Restructuring expenses consist of employee severance costs and may also include charges for excess facility space and other contract termination costs. Other charges may include litigation contingency reserves, costs related to a transition agreement for our Chief Executive Officer, asset impairment charge and gains or losses on the sale or disposition of certain non-strategic assets or product lines.

While restructuring and other charges, net are excluded from our calculation of segment profit,profits, the table below presents the restructuring and other charges, net associated with each segment (dollars in thousands):
                   
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
2017 20162017 2016
Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges TotalPersonnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total
Healthcare$577
 $593
 $1,170
 $
 $1,170
 $613
 $8
 $621
 $
 $621
$2,513
 $25
 $2,538
 $
 $2,538
 $1,984
 $277
 $2,261
 $
 $2,261
Mobile3,053
 51
 3,104
 10,773
 13,877
 2,729
 (652) 2,077
 46
 2,123
400
 11
 411
 
 411
 213
 
 213
 
 213
Enterprise388
 257
 645
 
 645
 (41) 2,014
 1,973
 
 1,973
262
 2,360
 2,622
 
 2,622
 424
 607
 1,031
 
 1,031
Imaging225
 36
 261
 
 261
 (1) 184
 183
 
 183
1,223
 9
 1,232
 
 1,232
 361
 351
 712
 
 712
Corporate332
 1,318
 1,650
 2,308
 3,958
 1,691
 
 1,691
 61
 1,752
485
 (740) (255) 8,253
 7,998
 669
 664
 1,333
 1,153
 2,486
Total$4,575
 $2,255
 $6,830
 $13,081
 $19,911
 $4,991
 $1,554
 $6,545
 $107
 $6,652
$4,883
 $1,665
 $6,548
 $8,253
 $14,801
 $3,651
 $1,899
 $5,550
 $1,153
 $6,703
                   
Six Months Ended March 31,
2017 2016
Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total Personnel Facilities Total Restructuring Other Charges Total
Healthcare$2,561
 $870
 $3,431
 $
 $3,431
 $1,314
 $8
 $1,322
 $
 $1,322
Mobile3,265
 51
 3,316
 10,773
 14,089
 4,911
 (50) 4,861
 46
 4,907
Enterprise812
 864
 1,676
 
 1,676
 1,043
 2,034
 3,077
 
 3,077
Imaging586
 387
 973
 
 973
 212
 184
 396
 
 396
Corporate1,000
 1,982
 2,982
 3,463
 6,445
 2,069
 2,708
 4,777
 61
 4,838
Total$8,224
 $4,154
 $12,378
 $14,236
 $26,614
 $9,549
 $4,884
 $14,433
 $107
 $14,540
                   
FiscalYear2018
During the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, we recorded restructuring charges of $6.8$6.5 million, and $12.4which included $4.9 million respectively. The restructuring charges for the six months ended March 31, 2017 included $8.2 million for severance cost related to the termination of approximately 220 terminated160 employees and $4.2$1.7 million charge for the closure ofrelated to certain excess facility space including adjustment to sublease assumptions associated with prior abandoned facilities. These actions are were

part of our initiatives to reduce costs and optimize processes. We expect the remaining outstanding severance payments of $2.6$1.0 million willto be substantially paid by the end ofduring fiscal year 2017. We expect2018, and the remaining paymentsbalance of $11.2$8.8 million for the closure ofrelated to excess facility space willfacilities to be paid through fiscal year 2025, in accordance with the terms of the applicable leases.
In addition to the restructuring charges,Additionally, during the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, we recorded $2.3 million and $3.5 million, respectively, for costs related to athe transition agreement forof our Chief Executive Officer as communicated onCEO, and $6.0 million related to our Form 8-K filed on November 17, 2016.remediation and restoration efforts after the malware incident that occurred in the third quarter of fiscal year 2017. The cash payments associated with the transition agreement are expected to be made during fiscal years 2018 and 2019. Also included in other charges was a non-cash impairment charge of $10.8 million resulting from our decision to cease use of a capitalized internally developed software during
FiscalYear2017
During the three months ended March 31, 2017.
During the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016, we recorded restructuring charges of $6.5 million and $14.4 million, respectively.$5.6 million. The restructuring charges for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016 included $9.5$3.7 million for severance costs related to the termination of approximately 200 terminated90 employees asand $1.9 million related to certain excess facilities. These actions were part of our initiatives to reduce costs and optimize processes. The restructuring charges also included a $4.9$1.9 million charge forrelated to excess facilities. In addition, during the closurethree months ended December 31, 2016, we recorded $1.2 million related to the transition agreement of certain excess facility space.our CEO.

Other Expense, Net
Other expense,A summary of other expenses, net consists of interest income, interest expense, gain (loss) from foreign exchange, and gain (loss) from other non-operating activities. The following table shows other expense, net, in dollars andis as a percentage of total revenuesfollows (dollars in millions): 
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Interest income$1.3
 $1.6
 $(0.3) (20.8)% $2.3
 $2.5
 $(0.2) (7.8)%$2.2
 $1.0
 $1.2
 114.3 %
Interest expense(37.9) (32.3) (5.5) 17.1 % (75.9) (62.2) (13.7) 22.0 %(36.1) (38.0) 2.0
 (5.1)%
Other (expense) income, net(19.6) 
 (19.6) N/A
 (20.2) (6.8) (13.4) 197.7 %
Other expense, net(0.2) (0.6) 0.4
 (63.6)%
Total other expense, net$(56.2) $(30.7) $(25.5) 83.0 % $(93.8) $(66.5)   41.0 %$(34.1) $(37.6) $3.5
 (9.3)%
As a percentage of total revenue11.2% 6.4%     9.5% 6.9%    6.8% 7.7%    

Interest expense for the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 increased $5.5decreased $2.0 million, and $13.7as compared to three months ended December 31, 2016, was mainly due to the repurchase of $600.0 million primarily driven by increase in interest expense as a result of the issuance of debt, including the 2024 Senior Notes issue in June 2016, the 2026 Senior Notes issued in December 2016 and the 1.25% 2025 Debentures in March 2017. These increases were partially offset by lower interest expense resulting from the early repaymentaggregate principal amount of our Credit Facility in December 2015 and the partial repayment of 2020 Senior Notes in January 2017. Other (expense) income,The decrease was partially offset by the issuance of $500.0 million 5.625% Senior Notes in the December 2016, the net proceeds of which were used for the three and six months ended March 31, 2017 included debt extinguishment lossesa portion of $18.6 million primarily related to the partial repayment of our 2020 Senior Notes.that repurchase.
Provision for Income Taxes
The following table shows the (benefit) provision for income taxes and the effective income tax rate (dollars in millions):
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Provision for income taxes$9.1
 $9.2
 $(0.1) (1.1)% $19.5
 $17.0
 $2.5
 14.6%
(Benefit) provision for income taxes$(78.5) $10.4
 $(88.9) (858.4)%
Effective income tax rate(37.1)% 420.4%     (51.0)% (810.5)%    310.4% (76.3)%    

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA") was signed into law. The effectiveTCJA significantly revises the U.S. corporate income tax rate was (37.1)%by, among other things, lowering corporate income tax rates, implementing a hybrid territorial tax system, and (51.0)%imposing a one-time repatriation tax on foreign cash and earnings.
We are currently assessing the impact of the realization of deferred tax assets, remeasurement of deferred taxes at lower rates, and a provision for the one-time repatriation tax. Based on our preliminary assessment, we recorded a provisional amount of income tax benefit for the three and six months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, respectively. Our current effective income tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory ratereflecting a benefit of 35% primarily dueapproximately $96 million related to current period losseschanges in the United States that require an additional valuation allowance and accordingly provide no benefit to the provision as well as an increase to indefinite livedcarrying value of certain deferred tax liabilities. This is partiallyassets and liabilities, offset in part by our earnings inan expense of approximately $14 million related to deemed repatriation of foreign operations that are subject to a significantly lower tax rate thancash and earnings. The provisional amounts above were based on the U.S. statutory tax rate, driven primarily by our subsidiaries in Ireland.
The effective income tax rate is based uponestimate of (i) temporary differences at the income for the year, the compositionend of the incomeupcoming tax year, (ii) the timing of the temporary differences expected to reverse, (iii) foreign earnings and profits, and (iv) foreign taxes. The assessment is incomplete as of December 31, 2017. As our assessment is ongoing, these amounts may materially change as we revise our assumptions and estimates based on new information available to us, changes in different countries, changes relatingour interpretations, additional guidance to valuation allowances for certain countries ifbe issued, and actions we may take as necessary, and adjustments, if any, fora result of the potential tax consequences, benefitsTCJA.
Additionally, we are still evaluating the full impact of other provisions of the TCJA, which may materially increase or resolutions of audits or other tax contingencies. Our aggregate income tax rate in foreign jurisdictions is lower thandecrease our income tax rate inprovision. The assessment is expected to be completed no later than the United States. The majorityfirst quarter of our income before provision for income taxes from foreign operations has been earned by subsidiaries in Ireland. Our effective tax rate may be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory tax rates and higher than anticipated in countries where we have higher statutory tax rates.fiscal year 2019.

SEGMENT ANALYSIS
We operateDuring the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, we commenced a reorganization of our segment reporting structure based on the growth of each business and the evolving industry vertical in which it participates. Such reorganization will allow our Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") greater focus on implementing strategic initiatives and report financialidentifying future investment opportunities. In January 2018, we publicly announced that, in addition to the previously communicated intent to establish the automotive business as a separate reportable segment and business line, we will also merge the Communications Service Provider (CSP, or Mobile Operator Services) business line into the Enterprise segment to form a consolidated focus on our business in the telecommunications market. In connection with the ongoing reorganization, we are currently implementing changes to our reporting processes to facilitate operating segment reporting. As a transition, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2018, segment information compiled and presented to our CODM still reflects the existing segment structure. As a result, segment information for the following four reportable segments: Healthcare, Mobile, Enterprise,three months ended December 31, 2017 and Imaging. Segment profit is an important measure used for evaluating performance2016 below was presented in manner consistent with the level of discrete financial information included within our CODM review package. We expect that the reorganization efforts will be completed in the second quarter of fiscal year 2018, and for decision-making purposes and reflects the direct controllable costspresentation of eachour segment together with an allocation of sales and corporate marketing expenses, and certain research and development project costs that benefit multiple product offerings. Segment profit represents income from operations excluding stock-based compensation, amortization of intangible assets, acquisition-related costs, net, restructuring and other charges, net, costs associated with intellectual property collaboration agreements, other expense, net and certain unallocated corporate expenses. We believe that these adjustments allow for more complete comparisons toinformation will reflect the financial resultsreorganized segment reporting structure upon completion of the historical operations.


reorganization. Additionally, we are continuing the process of identifying and assessing other initiatives to better align our segment reporting structure with our long-term strategies.
The following table presents segment resultscertain financial information about our operating segments (dollars in millions):
Three Months Ended Change 
Percent
Change
 Six Months Ended Change 
Percent
Change
Three Months Ended Change 
Percent
Change
March 31, March 31, December 31, 
2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016 
Segment Revenues(a):
                      
Healthcare$238.5
 $244.4
 $(5.9) (2.4)% $477.7
 $492.5
 $(14.8) (3.0)%$245.5
 $239.2
 $6.3
 2.6 %
Mobile100.2
 91.8
 8.4
 9.1 % 192.0
 188.2
 3.8
 2.0 %89.8
 91.8
 (2.0) (2.1)%
Enterprise119.4
 94.4
 24.9
 26.4 % 232.3
 183.2
 49.1
 26.8 %117.8
 112.9
 4.9
 4.3 %
Imaging53.0
 56.7
 (3.7) (6.5)% 105.1
 118.4
 (13.2) (11.2)%55.6
 52.1
 3.5
 6.8 %
Total segment revenues$511.1
 $487.4
 $23.7
 4.9 % $1,007.1
 $982.3
 $24.8
 2.5 %$508.8
 $496.0
 $12.8
 2.6 %
Less: acquisition related revenues adjustments(11.5) (8.7) (2.8) 32.2 % (19.9) (17.4) (2.4) 14.0 %(7.2) (8.4) 1.2
 (14.1)%
Total revenues$499.6
 $478.7
 $20.9
 4.4 % $987.2
 $964.8
 $22.4
 2.3 %$501.6
 $487.7
 $13.9
 2.9 %
Segment Profit:                      
Healthcare$83.3
 $78.4
 $4.9
 6.3 % $161.9
 $159.6
 $2.3
 1.4 %$77.4
 $78.6
 $(1.2) (1.5)%
Mobile40.4
 33.4
 7.0
 21.0 % 73.9
 67.2
 6.7
 10.0 %25.4
 33.5
 (8.1) (24.0)%
Enterprise41.8
 34.1
 7.7
 22.6 % 73.7
 60.3
 13.5
 22.3 %38.9
 32.0
 6.9
 21.8 %
Imaging18.5
 22.2
 (3.7) (16.7)% 36.1
 49.2
 (13.1) (26.6)%15.6
 17.6
 (2.0) (11.2)%
Total segment profit$184.0
 $168.1
 $15.9
 9.5 % $345.6
 $336.3
 $9.4
 2.8 %$157.4
 $161.6
 $(4.2) (2.6)%
Segment Profit Margin                      
Healthcare34.9% 32.1% 2.9
   33.9% 32.4% 1.5
  31.5% 32.8% (1.3)  
Mobile40.3% 36.4% 3.9
   38.5% 35.7% 2.8
  28.3% 36.5% (8.2)  
Enterprise35.0% 36.1% (1.1)   31.7% 32.9% (1.2)  33.0% 28.3% 4.7
  
Imaging34.8% 39.1% (4.3)   34.3% 41.6% (7.2)  28.1% 33.8% (5.7)  
Total segment profit margin36.0% 34.5% 1.5
   34.3% 34.2% 0.1
  30.9% 32.6% (1.6)  
(a) 
Segment revenues differ from reported revenues due to certain revenue adjustments related to acquisitions that would otherwise have been recognized but for the purchase accounting treatment of the business combinations. These revenues are included to allow for more complete comparisons to the financial results of historical operations and in evaluating management performance.
Segment Revenues
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared to Three Months Ended December 31, 2016
Healthcare segment revenue decreased $5.9increased by $6.3 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as comparedor 2.6%, primarily due to the three months ended March 31, 2016. Producthigher revenue from Dragon Medical offerings and licensing revenue decreased $5.3 million drivendiagnostic solutions, offset by in part by lower revenue from our Dragon Medical perpetual license sales as we transition from perpetual to cloud offerings. Professionaltranscription services and hosting revenue decreased $0.3 million due to the continued erosion, in our transcription services partially offset by strong revenue growth in our Dragon Medical cloud services.

and the negative impact of the Malware Incident.
Mobile segment revenue increased $8.4decreased by $2.0 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2017,or 2.1%, primarily as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2016. Professional services and hostinghigher revenue increased $8.4 million driven primarily by a continued trend toward cloud-based services infrom our automotive solutions was more than offset by lower revenues from Mobile Operator Services and strength in our mobile operator services.devices. Revenue from automotive solutions increased by $2.6 million driven by the increasing demand for a more integrated and personalized driving experience. Revenue from

Mobile Operator Services decreased by $2.4 million primarily due to slower-than-expected penetration in international markets. Devices revenue decreased by $2.2 million primarily driven by the continued decline driven by consolidation of the mobile devices industry.
Enterprise segment revenue increased $24.9by $4.9 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as comparedor 4.3%, primarily due to the three months ended March 31, 2016. Product and licensing revenue increased $12.5 million primarily related tohigher revenue from recent acquisitionsour omni-channel offerings and growthcontinued strength in our embedded speech license sales. Professional serviceson-premise portfolios, which reflected the increase in use of mobile applications and hosting revenue increased $10.3 million drivenwebsites for customer relationship management, offset in part by strong revenue across many ofthe decrease in our omni-channel cloud offerings, including revenue from a recent acquisition. Maintenance and support revenue increased $2.1 million.

on-demand solutions.
Imaging segment revenues decreased $3.7increased by $3.5 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2016,or 6.8%, primarily driven by lower sales of our MFP products.

Six Months Ended March 31, 2017
Healthcare segment revenue decreased $14.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2016. Product and licensing revenue decreased $19.9 million driven by lower revenue from our Dragon Medical perpetual license sales as we transition from perpetual to cloud offerings. Hosting revenue decreased $2.4 million due to continued erosion in our transcription services partially offset by the growth in our Dragon Medical cloud services. These decreases were partially offset by a $6.8 million increase in professional services revenue driven by a recent acquisition.

Mobile segment revenue increased $3.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2016. Professional services and hosting revenue increased $14.3 million driven primarily by a continued trend toward cloud-based services in our automotive solutions and strength in our mobile operator services. Product and licensing revenue decreased $8.8 million and maintenance and support revenue decreased $1.7 million, due to a decline in devices revenue from deterioration in mature markets, partially offset by the growth in recurringhigher product and licensing revenue infrom our automotive business.

Enterprise segment revenue increased $49.1 million for the six months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2016. Professional services and hosting revenue increased $26.0 million driven by strong revenue across many of our omni-channel offerings, including revenue from a recent acquisition. Product and licensing revenue increased $19.2 million primarily related to revenue from recent acquisitions.

Imaging segment revenues decreased $13.2 million for the six months ended March 31, 2017, as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2016, primarily driven by lower sales of our MFP products.print management solutions.
Segment Profit
Three Months Ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 compared to Three Months Ended December 31, 2016
Healthcare segment profit fordecreased by $1.2 million, or 1.5%, as the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased 6.3% fromincrease in segment revenue was more than offset by the same period last year, primarily driveneffect of lower gross margin, which reflected the continued erosion of the transcription services and certain professional services arrangements that carried lower margin, offset in part by lower operating expenses.the positive effect of customers' transition to higher margin Dragon Medical cloud-based solutions. Segment profit margin increased 2.9%decreased by 1.3 percentage points from 32.1% forto 31.5% as the same period last year to 34.9% during the current period. The increase in segment profiteffect of lower gross margin was primarily drivenoffset in part by lower operating expenses with improvements of 2.3 percentage point andmargin, which reflected essentially flat operating expenses on higher gross margins of 0.6 percentage point.revenue for the current period.
Mobile segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased 21.0% from the same period last year,decreased by $8.1 million, or 24.0%, primarily driven by higher gross profit. Segment profit margin increased 3.9% percentage points, from 36.4% for the same period last yeardue to 40.3% during the current period. The increasedeclines in segment profitrevenue and gross margin, and higher R&D expenses. Gross margin decline was primarily driven by our cost savingsinvestment in automotive technologies and process optimization initiatives with improvements of 2.9increased headcount for future business needs. Higher R&D expenses was primarily driven by our increased investment in new technologies to support future growth. Segment profit margin decreased by 8.2 percentage pointpoints to 28.3% primarily due to lower gross margin and higher operating expenses margin, driven by higher R&D expenses for the current period.
Enterprise segment profit increased by $6.9 million, or 21.8%, primarily due to higher segment revenue and a 1.0 percentage point improvement in gross margin and lower operating expenses. Higher gross margin was primarily driven by margin expansion in our cloud-based services.omni-channel offerings. Total operating expenses decreased as higher R&D expenses was more than offset by lower commission expense due to change in commission structure in the current period. Segment profit margin increased by 4.7 percentage points to 33.0%, due to higher gross margin and lower operating expenses margin.
EnterpriseImaging segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2017 increased 22.6% from the same period last year, drivendecreased by $2.0 million, or 11.2%, as increases in segment revenue and gross margin were more than offset by higher gross profitsales and marketing expenses. Gross margin benefited from a favorable shift in revenue mix towards higher margin licensing revenue from lower margin product revenue. Sales and marketing expenses increased primarily due to increased revenue.higher compensation expenses as the segment ramped up its sales and marketing capacity. Segment profit margin decreased 1.1%by 5.7 percentage points from 36.1% forto 28.1% as the same period last year to 35.0% in the current period. The decrease in segment profit margin was primarily driven by lower gross margin resulting from a shift in mix towards a higher percentage of professional services and hosting revenue.
Imaging segment profit for the three months ended March 31, 2017 decreased 16.7% from the same period last year, primarily driven by lower revenue. Segment profit margin decreased 4.3% percentage points, from 39.1% for the same period last year to 34.8% during the current period. The decrease in segment profit marginimprovement was primarily driven by lower revenues and higher research and development expenses.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2017
Healthcare segment profit for the six months ended March 31, 2017 increased 1.4% from the same period last year, primarily driven by lower operating expenses. Segment profit margin increased 1.5 percentage points, from 32.4% for the same period last year to 33.9% during the current period. The increase in segment profit margin was primarily driven by lower operating expenses with improvements of 1.5 percentage point.
Mobile segment profit for the six months ended March 31, 2017 increased 10.0% from the same period last year, primarily driven by higher gross profit and lower operating expenses. Segment profit margin increased 2.8 percentage

points, from 35.7% for the same period last year to 38.5% during the current period. The increase in segment profit margin was primarily driven by our cost savings and process optimization initiatives with improvements of 1.9 percentage point due to lower operating expenses and a 0.9 percentage point improvement in gross margin driven by margin expansion in our cloud-based services.
Enterprise segment profit for the six months ended March 31, 2017 increased 22.3% from the same period last year, driven by higher gross profit, partiallymore than offset by higher operating expenses from a recent acquisition. Segment profit margin decreased 1.2 percentage points, from 32.9% for the same period last year to 31.7% in the current period. The decrease in segment profit margin was primarily driven by lower gross margin resulting from a shift in mix towards a higher percentage of professional services and hosting revenue.margin.
Imaging segment profit for the six months ended March 31, 2017 decreased 26.6% from the same period last year, primarily driven by lower revenue. Segment profit margin decreased 7.2 percentage points, from 41.6% for the same period last year to 34.3% during the current period. The decrease in segment profit margin was primarily driven by lower revenues and higher research and development expenses.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities totaled $831.2 million at March 31, 2017, an increase of $223.1 million as compared to $608.1 million at September 30, 2016. The higher level of
Liquidity
We had cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities at March 31, 2017 was a result of having received $226.6 million in net proceeds from the issuance of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures after giving effect to the repurchase of our common stock for $99.1 million and repayment of $17.8 million in aggregate principal on our 2031 Debentures. Our working capital was $185.1$552.6 million as of MarchDecember 31, 2017, as compared to working capitala decrease of $347.7$321.5 million from $874.1 million as of September 30, 2016. As2017. Our working capital, as defined by total current assets less total current liabilities, was $329.3 million as of MarchDecember 31, 2017, compared to $216.4 million as of September 30, 2017. Additionally, we had availability of $238.0 million under our total accumulated deficit was $486.8 million.revolving credit facility as of December 31, 2017. We do not expectbelieve that our accumulated deficitexisting sources of liquidity are sufficient to impactsupport our future ability to operateoperating needs, capital requirements and any debt service requirements for the business given our cash balance and strong operating cash flow positions.next twelve months.
Cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities held by our international operations totaled $129.9$174.1 million at Marchand $148.6 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2017 compared to $116.5 million atand September 30, 2016. We utilize2017. As more fully described in Note 14 to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statement, as a varietyresult of financing strategiesthe enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("TCJA"), we recorded a provisional amount of one-time repatriation tax of approximately $14 million on foreign cash and earnings. The actual impact of the TCJA may differ materially from our estimate due to ensure thatchanges in our worldwide cash is available in the locations in which it is needed. We expect the cash held overseas will continueinterpretations and assumptions, additional guidance to be used forissued, and actions we may take as a result of the TCJA.
In connection with the assessment of the impact of the TCJA, we are currently evaluating our international operations, and that we will meet U.S. liquidity needs through future cash flows, use of U.S. cash balances, external borrowings, or some combination of these sources and therefore do not anticipate repatriating these funds.indefinite reinvestment assertion
The holders of our 2031 Debentures may require us to redeem the outstanding principal balance of $377.7 million, together with accrued interest, on November 1, 2017. We expect that we will be able to use our existing cash balances, including cash generated by our operating activities during fiscal 2017, to fund the potential redemption requests
related to the 2031 Debentures, if any. However, we will assess our operating and investing cash flow requirements and the borrowing economics in the capital markets at that time to determine the appropriate funding source.
We believe our currentforeign cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, and cash flow from operations are sufficient to meet our operating needs for at least the next twelve months.earnings.
Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, was $250.3$86.1 million, a decrease of $50.7$38.8 million as compared tofrom cash provided by operating activities of $301.1$124.9 million for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016. The net decrease was primarily driven by the following factors:due to:
A decrease of $40.7$27.8 million in cash flows generated bydue to lower net income, excluding non-cash adjustments;
A decrease of $23.0 million due to unfavorable changes in working capital, excluding deferred revenue;primarily due to the timing of billing and cash payments; and
A decrease in cash flowsPartially offset by an increase of $5.8$12.0 million from changes in deferred revenue. Deferred revenue contributedhad a positive effect of $87.9 million on operating cash inflow of $73.0 millionflows for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, as compared to $78.8$75.9 million for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016. The deferred revenue2016, primarily driven by continued growth in the six months ended March 31, 2017 was driven primarily by our hosting solutions, most notably forof our automotive connected services in our Mobile segment; and
A decrease in cash flows of $4.2 million resulting from higher net loss, exclusive of non-cash adjustment items.

services.
Cash Used inProvided by Investing Activities
Cash used inprovided by investing activities for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017, was $176.0$106.2 million, an increase of $116.3$203.2 million as compared tofrom cash used in investing activities of $59.7$97.0 million for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016. The net increase was primarily driven by the following factors:

due to:
An increase in cash outflows of $121.1 million for purchases of marketable securities and other investments;

An increase in cash outflows of $45.6 million for business and asset acquisitions; and
Partially offset by an increase in cash inflows of $37.0$149.7 million from the sale of marketable securities and other investments;
A decrease of $14.3 million for business and asset acquisitions; and
A decrease of $40.4 million for purchases of marketable securities and other investments.
Cash Provided (Used)Used in Financing Activities
Cash used in financing activities for the three months ended December 31, 2017, was $386.7 million, an increase of $841.3 million from cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2017, was $70.9 million, a increase of $542.9 million, as compared to cash used in financing activities of $472.0$454.6 million for the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016. The net increase was primarily driven by the following factors:
A decrease in cash outflows of $475.3 million related to share repurchases. During the six months ended March 31, 2017, we repurchased 5.8 million shares of our common stock for $99.1 million under our share repurchase program, as compared to 9.4 million shares repurchased under our share repurchase program and 26.3 million shares repurchased from the Icahn Group for total cash outflows of $574.3 million during the same period in the prior year;

due to:
An increase in cash inflows of $53.0$331.2 million from debt activities. During the sixredemption of our 2.75% Convertible Debentures due 2031 during the three months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017. In November 2017, the net cash inflows from debt activities was $204.9 million includingholders of approximately $495.0 million net proceeds from the issuance of our 2026 Senior Notes, approximately $343.6 million net proceeds from the issuance of our 1.25% 2025 Debentures, offset by the repurchase of $600.0$331.2 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2020 Senior Notes and the outstanding 2031 Debentures exercised their right to require us to repurchase such debentures;
A decrease of $17.8$495.0 million in aggregate principal of our 2031 Debentures.from new debt issuance. During the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2016, the net cash inflows from debt activities was $151.9$495.0 million including $676.5 million in aggregate principal from the issuance of our 1.0% 2035 Debentures5.625% Senior Notes due 2026;
An increase of $16.9 million related to acquisition payments with extended payment terms; and
Partially offset by the $472.5 million repaymenta decrease of our term loan and the repurchase of $38.3 million in aggregate principal on our 2031 Debentures; and

A decrease in cash outflows of $13.6$1.7 million as a result of lower cash payments required to net share settle employee equity awards, due to a decrease in vesting value as a result of lower stock prices during the sixthree months ended MarchDecember 31, 2017 as compared to the same period in the prior year.

Debt
For a detailed description of the terms and Credit Facilities
5.625% Senior Notes due 2026
In December 2016, we issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amountrestrictions of 5.625% Senior Notes due on December 15, 2026 (the "2026 Senior Notes") in a private placement. The proceeds from the 2026 Senior Notes were approximately $495.0 million, net of issuance costs, and we used the proceeds to repurchase a portion of our 2020 Senior Notes. The 2026 Senior Notes bear interest at 5.625% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears, beginning on June 15, 2017.
The 2026 Senior Notes are unsecured senior obligations and are guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by our Subsidiary Guarantors. The 2026 Senior Notes and the guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt and rank senior in right of payment to all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ future unsecured subordinated debt. The 2026 Senior Notes and guarantees effectively rank junior to all our secured debt and that of the Subsidiary Guarantorsrevolving credit facility, see Note 10 to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt and to all liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the 2026 Senior Notes.
At any time before December 15, 2021, we may redeem all or a portion of the 2026 Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Senior Notes to be redeemed, plus a “make-whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time on or after December 15, 2021, we may redeem all or a portion of the 2026 Senior Notes at certain redemption prices expressed as percentages of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. At any time and from time to time before December 15, 2021, we may redeem up to 35% of the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2026 Senior Notes with the net cash proceeds received by us from certain equity offerings at a price equal to 105.625% of the aggregate principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date, provided that the redemption occurs no later than 120 days after the closing of the related

equity offering, and at least 50% of the original aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Senior Notes remains outstanding immediately thereafter.
Upon the occurrence of certain asset sales or a change in control, we must offer to repurchase the 2026 Senior Notes at a price equal to 100% in the case of an asset sale, or 101% in the case of a change of control, of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.
5.375% Senior Notes due 2020
In August 2012, we issued $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.375% Senior Notes due on August 15, 2020 in a private placement. In October 2012, we issued an additional $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 5.375% Senior Notes (collectively the “2020 Senior Notes”). The 2020 Senior Notes bear interest at 5.375% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 2020 Senior Notes are our unsecured senior obligations and are guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by the Subsidiary Guarantors. The 2020 Senior Notes and guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors' existing and future unsecured senior debt and rank senior in right of payment to all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors' future unsecured subordinated debt. The 2020 Senior Notes and guarantees effectively rank junior to all secured debt of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt and to all liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the 2020 Senior Notes.
In January 2017, we repurchased $600.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2020 Senior Notes using cash and cash equivalents and the net proceeds from our 2026 Senior Notes issued in December 2016. In January 2017, we recorded an extinguishment loss of $18.4 million. In accordance with the authoritative guidance for debt instruments, a loss on extinguishment is equal to the difference between the reacquisition price and the net carrying amount of the extinguished debt, including any unamortized debt discount or issuance costs. Following this activity, $450.0 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2020 Senior Notes remain outstanding.
6.0% Senior Notes due 2024
In June 2016, we issued $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.0% Senior Notes due on July 1, 2024 (the "2024 Senior Notes") in a private placement. The proceeds from the 2024 Senior Notes were approximately $297.5 million, net of issuance costs. The 2024 Senior Notes bear interest at 6.0% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 2024 Senior Notes are unsecured senior obligations and are guaranteed on an unsecured senior basis by our Subsidiary Guarantors. The 2024 Senior Notes and the guarantees rank equally in right of payment with all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ existing and future unsecured senior debt, and rank senior in right of payment to all of our and the Subsidiary Guarantors’ future unsecured subordinated debt. The 2024 Senior Notes and guarantees effectively rank junior to all our secured debt and that of the Subsidiary Guarantors to the extent of the value of the collateral securing such debt and to all liabilities, including trade payables, of our subsidiaries that have not guaranteed the 2024 Senior Notes.
1.0% Convertible Debentures due 2035
In December 2015, we issued $676.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.0% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2035 (the “1.0% 2035 Debentures”) in a private placement. We used a portion of the proceeds to repurchase $38.3 million in aggregate principal on our 2.75% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2031 and to repay the aggregate principal balance of $472.5 million on the term loan. Upon the repurchase and repayment of debts in December 2015, we recorded an extinguishment loss of $4.9 million in other expense, net, in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures bear interest at 1.0% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures mature on December 15, 2035, subject to the right of the holders to require us to redeem the 1.0% 2035 Debentures on December 15, 2022, 2027, or 2032. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 1.0% 2035 Debentures. The 1.0% 2035 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The initial conversion price is approximately $27.22 per share. At issuance, we allocated $495.4 million to long-term debt, and $181.1 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through December 2022. As of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, none of the conversion criteria were met for the 1.0% 2035 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of the aggregate principal amount in cash prior to the maturity date.
2.75% Convertible Debentures due 2031
In October 2011, we issued $690.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.75% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2031 (the “2031 Debentures”) in a private placement. The 2031 Debentures bear interest at 2.75% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 2031 Debentures mature on November 1, 2031, subject to the right of the holders to require us to redeem the 2031 Debentures on November 1, 2017, 2021, and 2026. The 2031 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and

rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 2031 Debentures. The 2031 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The initial conversion price is approximately $32.30 per share. At issuance, we allocated $533.6 million to long-term debt, and $156.4 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through November 2017.
In June 2015, we entered into separate privately negotiated agreements with certain holders of our 2031 Debentures to exchange, in a private placement, $256.2 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2031 Debentures for approximately $263.9 million in aggregate principal amount of our 1.5% 2035 Debentures. In December 2015, we entered into separate privately negotiated agreements with certain holders of our 2031 Debentures to repurchase $38.3 million in aggregate principal with proceeds received from the issuance of our 1.0% 2035 Debentures. In March 2017, we entered into separate privately negotiated agreements with certain holders of our 2031 Debentures to repurchase $17.8 million in aggregate principal with proceeds received from the issuance of our 1.25% Senior Convertible Debentures issued in March 2017. Following these activities, $377.7 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2031 Debentures remain outstanding. As of March 31, 2017, the remaining aggregate outstanding principal balance has been classified as current portion of long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheet as the holders have the right to require us to redeem on November 1, 2017. As of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, none of the conversion criteria were met for the 2031 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of the aggregate principal amount in cash prior to the maturity date.
1.25% Convertible Debentures due 2025
In March 2017, we issued $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.25% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2025 (the “1.25% 2025 Debentures”) in a private placement. The proceeds were approximately $343.6 million, net of issuance costs. We used a portion of the proceeds to repurchase 5.8 million shares of our common stock for $99.1 million and $17.8 million in aggregate principal on our 2031 Debentures. We intend to use the remaining net proceeds, together with cash on hand, to repurchase, redeem, retire or otherwise repay all of our remaining outstanding 2031 Debentures in November 2017. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures bear interest at 1.25% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears, beginning on October 1, 2017. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures mature on April 1, 2025. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 1.25% 2025 Debentures. The 1.25% 2025 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries.
We account separately for the liability and equity components of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures in accordance with authoritative guidance for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion. The guidance requires the carrying amount of the liability component to be estimated by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated conversion feature and record the remainder in stockholders’ equity. At issuance, we allocated $252.1 million to long-term debt, and $97.9 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through April 1, 2025.
If converted, the principal amount of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures is payable in cash and any amounts payable in excess of the principal amount will (based on an initial conversion rate, which represents an initial conversion price of approximately $22.22 per share, subject to adjustment under certain circumstances) be paid in cash or shares of our common stock, at our election, only in the following circumstances and to the following extent: (i) prior to October 1, 2024, on any date during any fiscal quarter beginning after June 30, 2017 (and only during such fiscal quarter) if the closing sale price of our common stock was more than 130% of the then current conversion price for at least 20 trading days in the period of the 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the previous fiscal quarter; (ii) at any time on or after October 1, 2024, (iii) during the five consecutive business-day period immediately following any five consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price for $1,000 principal amount of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures for each day during such five trading-day period was less than 98% of the closing sale price of our common stock multiplied by the then current conversion rate; or (iv) upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions, as described in the indenture for the 1.25% 2025 Debentures. We may not redeem the 1.25% 2025 Debentures prior to the maturity date. If we undergo a fundamental change or non-stock change of control (as described in the indenture for the 1.25% 2025 Debentures) prior to maturity, holders will have the option to require us to repurchase all or any portion of their debentures for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 1.25% 2025 Debentures to be purchased plus any accrued and unpaid interest, including any additional interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date. As of March 31, 2017, none of the conversion criteria were met for the 1.25% 2025 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of the aggregate principal amount in cash prior to the maturity date.
1.50% Convertible Debentures due 2035
In June 2015, we issued $263.9 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.50% Senior Convertible Debentures due in 2035 (the “1.5% 2035 Debentures”) in exchange for $256.2 million in aggregate principal amount of our 2031 Debentures. The 1.5%

2035 Debentures were issued at 97.09% of the principal amount, which resulted in a discount of $7.7 million. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures bear interest at 1.50% per year, payable in cash semi-annually in arrears. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures mature on November 1, 2035, subject to the right of the holders to require us to redeem the 1.5% 2035 Debentures on November 1, 2021, 2026, or 2031. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures are general senior unsecured obligations and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured, unsubordinated indebtedness and senior in right of payment to any indebtedness that is contractually subordinated to the 1.5% 2035 Debentures. The 1.5% 2035 Debentures will be effectively subordinated to indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries. The initial conversion price is approximately $23.26 per share. At issuance, we allocated $208.6 million to long-term debt, and $55.3 million has been recorded as additional paid-in capital, which is being amortized to interest expense using the effective interest rate method through November 2021. As of March 31, 2017 and September 30, 2016, none of the conversion criteria were met for the 1.5% 2035 Debentures. If the conversion criteria were met, we could be required to repay all or some of the aggregate principal amount in cash prior to the maturity date.
Revolving Credit Facility
In April 2016, we entered into a credit agreement that provides for a $242.5 million revolving credit line, including letters of credit (together, the “Revolving Credit Facility”). The Revolving Credit Facility matures on April 15, 2021. As of March 31, 2017, issued letters of credit in the aggregate amount of $4.5 million were treated as issued and outstanding when calculating the borrowing availability under the Revolving Credit Facility. As of March 31, 2017, we had $238.0 million available for additional borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility. Any amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility will bear interest, at either (i) LIBOR plus an applicable margin of 1.50% or 1.75%, or (ii) the alternative base rate plus an applicable margin of 0.50% or 0.75%. The Revolving Credit Facility is secured by substantially all assets of ours and our Subsidiary Guarantors. The Revolving Credit Facility contains customary affirmative and negative covenants and conditions to borrowing, as well as customary events of default.financial statements. 
Share Repurchase Program
On April 29, 2013, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program for up to $500.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock. On April 29, 2015, our Board of Directors approved an additional $500.0 million under our share repurchase program. In March 2017, in connection with the issuance of our 1.25% 2025 Debentures, we used a portion of the net proceeds to repurchase 5.8 million shares of our common stock for $99.1 million under the approved program. Since the commencement of the program, we have repurchased 46.5 million shares for $806.6 million. These shares were retired upon repurchase. Approximately $193.4 million remained available for share repurchases as of March 31, 2017 pursuant to our share repurchase program. Under the terms of the share repurchase program, we have the ability to repurchase shares from time to time through a variety of methods, which may include open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, block trades, accelerated stock repurchase transactions, or any combination of such methods. The share repurchase program does not require us to acquire any specific number of shares and may be modified, suspended, extended or terminated by us at any time without prior notice. The timing and the amount of any purchases will be determined by management based on an evaluation of market conditions, capital allocation alternatives, and other factors.
There were no share repurchases for the three months ended December 31, 2017 or 2016. Since the commencement of the program, we have repurchased an aggregate of 46.5 million shares for $806.6 million. The amount paid in excess of par value is recognized

in additional paid in capital. Shares were retired upon repurchase. As of December 31, 2017, approximately $193.4 million remained available for future repurchases under the program.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements, Contractual Obligations
Contractual Obligations
The following table outlines our contractual payment obligations (dollars in millions):
 Payments Due by Fiscal Year Ended September 30, Contractual Payments Due in Fiscal Year
Contractual Obligations Total 2017 2018 and 2019 2020 and 2021 Thereafter Total 2018 2019 and 2020 2021 and 2022 Thereafter
Convertible debentures(1)
 $1,668.1
 $
 $377.7
 $
 $1,290.4
 $1,337.0
 $
 $
 $310.5
 $1,026.5
Senior notes 1,250.0
 
 
 450.0
 800.0
 1,250.0
 
 450.0
 
 800.0
Interest payable on long-term debt(2)
 605.1
 44.2
 176.0
 146.6
 238.3
 539.4
 64.5
 173.4
 122.4
 179.1
Letters of credit(3)
 4.5
 0.6
 3.9
 
 
 4.5
 4.4
 0.1
 
 
Lease obligations and other liabilities:                    
Operating leases 176.3
 10.7
 43.8
 31.3
 90.5
 168.9
 26.3
 39.1
 27.5
 76.0
Operating leases under restructuring(4)
 57.9
 5.9
 16.2
 12.4
 23.4
 64.6
 7.9
 17.0
 15.2
 24.5
Purchase commitments(5)
 36.6
 6.6
 12.0
 14.4
 3.6
 31.1
 6.5
 13.8
 10.8
 
Total contractual cash obligations $3,798.5
 $68.0
 $629.6
 $654.7
 $2,446.2
 $3,395.5
 $109.6
 $693.4
 $486.4
 $2,106.1
(1) 
HoldersPursuant to the terms of the 1.0% 2035 Debentureseach convertible instrument, holders have the right to require us to redeem the debenturesdebt on specific dates prior to maturity. The repayment schedule above assumes that payment is due on the next redemption date after December 15, 2022, 2027 and 2032. Holders of the 2031 Debentures have the right to require us to redeem the debentures on November 1, 2017, 2021, and 2026. Holders of the 1.5% 2035 Debentures have the right to require us to redeem the debentures on November 1, 2021, 2026, and 2031.31, 2017.
(2) 
Interest per annum is due and payable semi-annually, under 1.0% 2035 Debentures at aand is determined based on the outstanding principal as of December 31, 2017, the stated interest rate of 1.0%, under 2031 Debentures at a rate of 2.75%, under 1.25% 2025 Debentures at a rate of 1.25%each debt instrument and under 1.5% 2035 Debentures at a rate of 1.5%. Interest per annum is due and payable semi-annually on the 5.625% Senior Notes at a rate of 5.625%, 5.375% Senior Notes at a rate of 5.375%, and 6.0% Senior Notes at a rate of 6.0%.assumed redemption dates discussed above.
(3) 
Letters of Credit are in place primarily to secure future operating lease payments.
(4) 
Obligations include contractual lease commitments related to facilities that were part of restructuring plans. As of MarchDecember 31, 2017, we have subleased certain of the facilities with total sublease income of $52.6$55.3 million through fiscal year 2025.
(5) 
Purchase commitments include non-cancelable purchase commitments for property and equipment, inventory, and services in the normal course of business. These amounts also include arrangements that require a minimum purchase commitment by us.

The gross liability for unrecognized tax benefits as of MarchDecember 31, 2017 was $28.3$31.2 million. We do not expect a significant change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12twelve months. We estimate that none of this amount will be paid within the next year and we are currently unable to reasonably estimate the timing of payments for the remainder of the liability.
Contingent Liabilities and Commitments
In connection with certain acquisitions, we may be required to make up to $22.3 million of additionalCertain acquisition payments to the selling shareholders were contingent upon the achievement of specifiedpre-determined performance target over a period of time after the acquisition. Such contingent payments were recorded at estimated fair values upon the acquisition and re-measured in subsequent reporting periods. As of December 31, 2017, the maximum amount of payments to be made based on the agreements was $25.1 million if the specific performance objectives including the achievement of future bookings and sales targets related to the products of the acquired entities.are achieved. In addition, there arecertain deferred payment obligationscompensation payments to certain formerselling shareholders contingent upon their continued employment. These deferred payment obligations, totaling $21.4 million, will beemployment after the acquisition was recorded as compensation expense over the applicable employmentrequisite service period. As of December 31, 2017, total deferred compensation to be paid out upon the conclusion of requisite service periods was $28.0 million.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Through MarchAs of December 31, 2017, we have not entered into anythere were no off-balance sheet arrangements orthat may have a material transactions with unconsolidated entities or other persons.impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES JUDGMENTS AND ESTIMATES
The preparation ofOur critical accounting policies are described in Note 2 to the audited consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, assumptions and judgments, including those related to:

revenue recognition; allowance for doubtful accounts and sales returns; accounting for deferred costs; accounting for internally developed software; the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets; accounting for business combinations, including contingent consideration; accounting for stock-based compensation; accounting for derivative instruments; accounting for income taxes and related valuation allowances; and loss contingencies. Our management bases its estimates on historical experience, market participant fair value considerations, projected future cash flows and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Information about those accounting policies we deem to be critical to our financial reporting may be foundincluded in the audited financial statements“Critical Accounting Policies” section of “Management’s Discussion and the notes theretoAnalysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report onthe Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016. Based on events occurring subsequent to September 30, 2016, we are updating certain of the Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments and Estimates.2017. 


RECENTLY ADOPTED AND ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
Refer toSee Note 23 to the unauditedaccompanying condensed consolidated financial statements included in Item 1for a discussion of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.the recently adopted and issued accounting standards.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and equity prices which could affect operating results, financial position and cash flows. We manage our exposure to these market risks through our regular operating and financing activities and, when appropriate, through the use of derivative financial instruments.
Exchange Rate Sensitivity
We are exposed to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Any foreign currency transaction, defined as a transaction denominated in a currency other than the local functional currency, will be reported in the functional currency at the applicable exchange rate in effect at the time of the transaction. A change in the value of the functional currency compared to the foreign currency of the transaction will have either a positive or negative impact on our financial position and results of operations.
Assets and liabilities of our foreign entities are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date and income and expense items are translated at average rates for the applicable period. Therefore, the change in the value of the U.S. dollar compared to foreign currencies will have either a positive or negative effect onmay impact our financial position and results of operations. Historically, our primary exposure has related to transactions denominated in the euro, British pound, Brazilian real, Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, Indian rupee and Hungarian forint.
A We do not expect a 10% hypothetical change of 10% in appreciation or depreciation in foreign currency exchange rates from the quoted foreign currency exchange rates at Marchas of December 31, 2017 would notto have a material impact on our revenue, operatingfinancial condition, results of operations or cash flows in the coming year.flows.
Periodically, we enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge against foreign currencyexchange rate fluctuations. TheseCurrently, we have not designated any contracts mayas fair value or may not be designated as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. We have in place a program which primarily uses forward contracts to offset the risks associated with foreign currency exposures that arise from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currencies of our worldwide operations.hedges. The program is designed so that increases or decreases in our foreign currency exposures are offset by gains or losses on the foreign currency forward contracts. The outstanding contracts are not designated as cash flow hedges and generally are for periods less than 90 days. TheAs of December 31, 2017, the notional contract amount of outstanding foreign currency exchange contracts not designated as cash flow hedges was $69.3 million at March 31, 2017.$82.4 million. Based on the nature of the transactions for which the contracts were purchased, a hypothetical change of 10% in exchange rates would not have a material impact on our financial results.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
We are exposed to interest rate risk as a result of our cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities.
At MarchDecember 31, 2017, we held approximately $831.2$552.6 million of cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities primarily consisting of cash, money-market funds, bank deposits and a separately managed investment portfolio. Assuming a one percentage point increasechange in interest rates, our interest income on our investments classified as cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities would increasechange by approximately $7.1$5.5 million per annum, based on the MarchDecember 31, 2017 reported balances of our investment accounts.
At MarchDecember 31, 2017, we had no outstanding debt exposed to variable interest rates.

2031 Debentures, 1.5% 2035 Debentures, 1.0% 2035 Debentures and 1.25% 2025Convertible Debentures
The fair values of our 2031 Debentures, 1.5% 2035 Debentures, 1.0% 2035 Debentures and 1.25% 2025 Debenturesconvertible debentures are dependent on the price and volatility of our common stock as well as movements in interest rates. The fair market values of these debentures will generally increase as the market price of our common stock increases and will decrease as the market price of our common stock decreases. The fair market values of these debentures will generally increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. The market value and interest rate changes affect the fair market values of these debentures, but do not impact our financial position, results of operations or cash flows due to the fixed nature of the debt obligations. However, increases in the value of our common stock above the stated trigger price for each issuance for a specified period of time may provide the holders of these debentures the right to convert each bond using a conversion ratio and payment method as defined in the debenture agreement.
Our debentures trade in the financial markets, and the fair value at MarchDecember 31, 2017 was $380.5$45.8 million for the 2031 Debentures, based on an average of the bid and ask prices on that day. The conversion value on MarchDecember 31, 2017 was approximately $202.4$23.6 million. A 10% increase in the stock price over the MarchDecember 31, 2017 closing price of $17.31$16.35 would cause an estimated $1.0$0.4 million increase to the fair value and an $20.2a $2.4 million increase to the conversion value of the debentures. The fair value at MarchDecember 31, 2017 was $272.1$273.0 million for the 1.5% 2035 Debentures, based on an average of the bid and ask prices on that day. The conversion value on MarchDecember 31, 2017 was approximately $196.4$185.5 million. A 10% increase in the stock price over the MarchDecember 31, 2017 closing price of $17.31$16.35 would cause an estimated $11.0$4.5 million increase to the fair value and a $19.6$18.6 million increase to the conversion value of the debentures. The fair value at MarchDecember 31, 2017 was $643.9$648.2 million for the 1.0% 2035 Debentures, based on an average of the bid and ask prices on that day. The conversion value on MarchDecember 31, 2017 was approximately $430.2$406.3 million. A 10% increase in the stock price over the MarchDecember 31, 2017 closing price of $17.31$16.35 would cause an estimated $23.5$31.7 million increase to the fair value and a $43.0$40.6 million increase to the conversion value of the debentures. The fair value at MarchDecember 31, 2017 was $349.9$359.3 million for the 1.25% 2025 Debentures, based on an average of the bid and ask prices on that day. The conversion value on MarchDecember 31, 2017 was approximately $272.7$258.0 million. A 10% increase in the stock price over the MarchDecember 31, 2017

closing price of $17.31$16.35 would cause an estimated $19.9$12.9 million increase to the fair value and a $27.3$25.8 million increase to the conversion value of the debentures.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining a system of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) designed to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by an issuer in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the issuer’s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and principal financial officer or officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
We have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures under the supervision of, and with the participation of, management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to meet the requirements of Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no material changes to our internal controls over financial reporting as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) identified in connection with the evaluation that occurred during the fiscal quarter covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part II. Other Information

Item 1.Legal Proceedings
This information is included in Note 15, Commitments and Contingencies, in the accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements and is incorporated herein by reference from Item 1 of Part I.

Item 1A.Risk Factors
Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the risks described below when evaluating our company and when deciding whether to invest in our company. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we do not currently believe are important to an investor may also harm our business operations. If any of the events, contingencies, circumstances or conditions described below actually occurs, our business, financial condition or our results of operations could be seriously harmed. If that happens, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose part or all of the value of any of our shares held by you.

Risks Related to Our Business

The markets in which we operate are highly competitive and rapidly changing and we may be unable to compete successfully.
There are a number of companies that develop or may develop products that compete in our targeted markets. The markets for our products and services are characterized by intense competition, evolving industry standards, emerging business and distribution models, disruptive software and hardware technology developments, short product and service life cycles, price sensitivity on the part of customers, and frequent new product introductions, including alternatives with limited functionality available at lower costs or free of charge. Within voice recognition and natural language understanding, we compete primarily with Amazon, Google, iFlyTek and other smaller providers. Within healthcare, we compete primarily with M*Modal, Optum, 3M and other smaller providers. Within imaging, we compete primarily with ABBYY and Adobe. In our enterprise business, some of our partners such as Avaya, Cisco, and Genesys develop and market products that might be considered substitutes for our solutions. In addition, a number of smaller companies in voice recognition, natural language understanding, text input and imaging produce technologies or products that are in some markets competitive with our solutions. Current and potential competitors have established, or may establish, cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties to increase the ability of their technologies to address the needs of our prospective customers. Furthermore, there has been a trend toward industry consolidation in our markets for several years. We expect this trend to continue as companies attempt to strengthen or hold their market positions in an evolving industry and as companies are acquired or are unable to continue operations.

The competition in these markets could adversely affect our operating results by reducing the volume of the products we license or the prices we can charge. Some of our current or potential competitors, such as 3M, Adobe, Amazon and Google, have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. These competitors may be able to respond more rapidly than we can to new or emerging technologies or changes in customer requirements. They may also devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do, and in certain cases may be able to include or combine their competitive products or technologies with other of their products or technologies in a manner whereby the competitive functionality is available at lower cost or free of charge within the larger offering. To the extent they do so, market acceptance and penetration of our products, and therefore our revenue and bookings, may be adversely affected. Our success will depend substantially upon our ability to enhance our products and technologies and to develop and introduce, on a timely and cost-effective basis, new products and features that meet changing customer requirements and incorporate technological enhancements. If we are unable to develop new products and enhance functionalities or technologies to adapt to these changes, or if we are unable to realize synergies among our acquired products and technologies, our business will suffer.

Our operating results may fluctuate significantly from period to period, and this may cause our stock price to decline.
Our revenue, bookings and operating results have fluctuated in the past and are expected to continue to fluctuate in the future. Given these fluctuations, we believe that quarter to quarter comparisons of revenue, bookings and operating results are not necessarily meaningful or an accurate indicator of our future performance. These fluctuations may cause our results of operations to not meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors. If this occurs, the price of our stock would likely decline. Factors that contribute to fluctuations in operating results include:

volume, timing and fulfillment of customer orders and receipt of royalty reports;
the pace of the transition to an on-demand and transactional revenue model;
slowing sales by our channel partners to their customers;
customers delaying their purchasing decisions in anticipation of new versions of our products;
contractual counterparties are unable to, or do not, meet their contractual commitments to us;
introduction of new products by us or our competitors;
seasonality in purchasing patterns of our customers;

reduction in the prices of our products in response to competition, market conditions or contractual obligations;
returns and allowance charges in excess of accrued amounts;
timing of significant marketing and sales promotions;
impairment of goodwill or intangible assets;
delayed realization of synergies resulting from our acquisitions;
cybersecurity or data breaches perpetrated by hackers or other third parties;
accounts receivable that are not collectible and write-offs of excess or obsolete inventory;
increased expenditures incurred pursuing new product or market opportunities;
general economic trends as they affect retail and corporate sales; and
higher than anticipated costs related to fixed-price contracts with our customers.

Due to the foregoing factors, among others, our revenue, bookings and operating results are difficult to forecast. Our expense levels are based in significant part on our expectations of future revenue, and we may not be able to reduce our expenses quickly to respond to a shortfall in projected revenue. Therefore, our failure to meet revenue expectations would seriously harm our operating results, financial condition and cash flows.

A significant portion of our revenue and bookings are derived, and a significant portion of our research and development activities are based, outside the United States. Our results could be harmed by economic, political, regulatory, foreign currency fluctuations and other risks associated with these international regions.
Because we operate worldwide, our business is subject to risks associated with doing business internationally. We anticipate that revenue and bookings from international operations could increase in the future. Most of our international revenue and bookings are generated by sales in Europe and Asia. In addition, some of our products are developed outside the United States and we have a large number of employees in India that provide transcription services. We also have a large number of employees in Canada, Germany and the United Kingdom that provide professional services. A significant portion of the development of our voice recognition and natural language understanding solutions is conducted in Canada and Germany, and a significant portion of our imaging research and development is conducted in Hungary and Canada. We also have significant research and development resources in Austria, Belgium, China, Italy, and the United Kingdom. In addition, we are exposed to changes in foreign currencies including the euro, British pound, Brazilian real, Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, Indian rupee and Hungarian forint. Changes in

the value of foreign currencies relative to the value of the U.S. dollar could adversely affect future revenue and operating results. Accordingly, our future results could be harmed by a variety of factors associated with international sales and operations, including:

the impact on local and global economies of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union;
changes in foreign currency exchange rates or the lack of ability to hedge certain foreign currencies;
changes in a specific country's or region's economic conditions;
compliance with laws and regulations in many countries and any subsequent changes in such laws and regulations;
geopolitical turmoil, including terrorism and war;
trade protection measures and import or export licensing requirements imposed by the United States and/or by other countries;
restrictions on cross-border investment, including enhanced oversight by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS);
changes in applicable tax laws;
difficulties in staffing and managing operations in multiple locations in many countries;
longer payment cycles of foreign customers and timing of collections in foreign jurisdictions; and
less effective protection of intellectual property than in the United States.
We are currently involved in a search for a new Chief Executive Officer. If this search is delayed or we encounter difficulties in the transition, our business could be negatively impacted.
On January 22, 2018, as previously disclosed, we confirmed the forthcoming retirement of Paul Ricci as our Chief Executive Officer on or before March 31, 2018. Our Board of Directors engaged a nationally recognized search firm in 2017 to assist it with its search for a new CEO and is conducting a Chief Executive Officer search process to identify and evaluate candidates to succeed Mr. Ricci as Chief Executive Officer. There are no assurances concerning the timing or outcome of our search for a new Chief Executive Officer. If there are any delays in this process, or if any transition is not successful, our business could be negatively impacted.

If we are unable to attract and retain key personnel, our business could be harmed.
If any of our key employees were to leave, we could face substantial difficulty in hiring qualified successors and could experience a loss in productivity while any successor obtains the necessary training and experience. Our employment relationships are generally at-will and we have had key employees leave in the past. We cannot assure you that one or more key employees will not leave in the future. We intend to continue to hire additional highly qualified personnel, including research and development and operational personnel, but may not be able to attract, assimilate or retain qualified personnel in the future. Any failure to attract, integrate, motivate and retain these employees could harm our business.
We experienced a significant malware incident in the third quarter of fiscal 2017, which has a significant impact on our future results of operations and financial condition.
On June 27, 2017, Nuance was a victim of the global NotPetya malware incident (the “Malware Incident”). The NotPetya malware affected certain Nuance systems, including systems used by our healthcare customers, primarily for transcription services, as well as systems used by our imaging division to receive and process orders. Our revenue and our operating results for fiscal year 2017 were negatively impacted by the aforementioned Malware Incident. For fiscal year 2017, we estimate that we lost approximately $68.0 million in revenues, primarily in our Healthcare segment, due to the service disruption and the reserves we established for customer refund credits. Additionally, we incurred incremental costs of approximately $24.0 million for fiscal year 2017 as a result of our remediation and restoration efforts, as well as incremental amortization expenses. Although the direct effects of the Malware Incident were remediated during fiscal year 2017, the Malware Incident had a continued effect on our results of operations in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018 and our outlook for the remainder of fiscal year 2018 and beyond reflects both the residual effects of the incident and the additional resources we will need to invest on an ongoing basis to continuously enhance information security.

Cybersecurity and data privacy incidents or breaches may damage client relations and inhibit our growth.
The confidentiality and security of our information, and that of third parties, is critical to our business. Our services involve the transmission, use, and storage of customers’ and their customer’s confidential information. We were the victim of a cybercrime in the past, and a future cybersecurity or data privacy incident could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. While we maintain a broad array of information security and privacy measures, policies and practices, our networks may be breached through a variety of means, resulting in someone obtaining unauthorized access to our information, or that of our customers, or to our intellectual property; disabling or degrading service; or sabotaging systems or information. In addition, hardware, software, or applications we develop or procure from third parties may contain defects in design or manufacture or other problems that could unexpectedly compromise information security. Unauthorized parties may also attempt to gain access to our systems or facilities, or those of third parties with whom we do business, through fraud or other forms of deceiving our

employees, contractors, and vendors. Because the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, or to sabotage systems, change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. We will continue to incur significant costs to continuously enhance our information security measures to defend against the threat of cybercrime. Any cybersecurity or data privacy incident or breach may result in:

loss of revenue resulting from the operational disruption;
loss of revenue or increased bad debt expense due to the inability to invoice properly;
loss of revenue due to loss of customers;
material remediation costs to restore systems;
material investments in new or enhanced systems in order to enhance our information security posture;
cost of incentives offered to customers to restore confidence and maintain business relationships;
reputational damage resulting in the failure to retain or attract customers;
costs associated with potential litigation or governmental investigations;
costs associated with any required notices of a data breach;
costs associated with the potential loss of critical business data; and
other consequences of which we are not currently aware but will discover through the remediation process.
Our business is subject to a variety of domestic and international laws, rules, policies and other obligations regarding data protection.
We are subject to a complex array of federal, state and international laws relating to the collection, use, retention, disclosure, security and transfer of personally identifiable information and personal health information, with additional laws applicable in some jurisdictions where the information is collected from children. In many cases, these laws apply not only to transfers between unrelated third-parties but also to transfers between us and our subsidiaries. Many jurisdictions have passed laws in this area, and other jurisdictions are considering imposing additional restrictions. These laws continue to evolve and may be inconsistent from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. In April 2016, theThe European Commission adopted the European General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”). The GDPR has, which will be in effect as of May 2018. China adopted a two-year phase-in period.new cybersecurity law as of June 2017, and there is an increase in regulation of biometric data globally, which may include voiceprints. Complying with the GDPR and other emerging and changing requirements may cause us to incur substantial costs or require us to change our business practices. Noncompliance could result in penalties or significant legal liability, and could affect our ability to retain and attract customers.

Any failure by us, our customers, suppliers or other parties with whom we do business to comply with our privacy policy or with other federal, state or international privacy-related or data protection laws and regulations could result in proceedings against us by governmental entities or others. Any alleged or actual failure to comply with applicable privacy laws and regulations may:

cause our customers to lose confidence in our solutions;
harm our reputation;
expose us to litigation and liability; and
require us to incur significant expenses for remediation.
Security and privacy breaches may damage client relations and inhibit our growth.
The confidentiality and securityInterruptions or delays in services could impair the delivery of our services and third party, information is critical toharm our business. Ourbusiness
Because our services involve the transmission, use,are complex and storage of customers’ and their customer’s confidential information. A failure of our security or privacy measures or policies could have a material adverse effect on our financial operation and results of operations. These measures may be breached throughincorporate a variety of means resultinghardware and proprietary and third-party software, our services may have errors or defects that could result in someone obtaining unauthorized accessunanticipated downtime for our customers and harm to our orreputation and our customers’ information orbusiness. We have from time to time found defects in our intellectual property. Becauseservices, and new errors in our services may be detected in the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, or to sabotage systems, change frequently and generally are not recognized until launched against a target,future. As we acquire companies, we may be unableencounter difficulty in incorporating the acquired services or technologies into our services. Any damage to, anticipate these techniques or to implement adequate preventative measures. Any security or privacy breach may:
causefailure of, the systems that serve our customers to lose confidencein whole or in part could result in interruptions in our solutions;
harmservice. Interruptions in our reputation;
exposeservice may reduce our revenue, cause us to litigationissue credits or pay service level agreement penalties, cause customers to terminate their on-demand services, and liability;adversely affect our renewal rates and our ability to attract new customers.
require us to incur significant expense for remediation.
Interruptions or delays in service from data center hosting facilities could impair the delivery of our services and harm our business.
We currently serve our customers from our, third-party, data center hosting facilities, and third-party public cloud facilities. Any damage to, or failure of, the systems that serve our customers in whole or in part could result in interruptions in our service. Interruptions in our service may reduce our revenue, cause us to issue credits or pay service level agreement penalties, cause customers to terminate their on-demand services and adversely affect our renewal rates and our ability to attract new customers.

As part of our business strategy, we acquire other businesses and technologies, and our ability to realize the anticipated benefits of our acquisitions will depend on successfully integrating the acquired businesses.
As part of our business strategy, we have in the past acquired, and expect to continue to acquire, other businesses and technologies. Our prior acquisitions required, and our recently completed acquisitions continue to require, substantial

integration and management efforts, and we expect future acquisitions to require similar efforts. Successfully realizing the benefits of acquisitions involves a number of risks, including:

difficulty in transitioning and integrating the operations and personnel of the acquired businesses;
potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of management;
difficulty in incorporating acquired products and technologies into our products and technologies;
potential difficulties in completing projects associated with in-process research and development;
unanticipated expenses and delays in completing acquired development projects and technology integration and upgrades;
challenges associated with managing additional, geographically remote businesses;
impairment of relationships with partners and customers;
assumption of unknown material liabilities of acquired companies;
accurate projection of revenue and bookings plans of the acquired entity in the due diligence process;
customers delaying purchases of our products pending resolution of product integration between our existing and our newly acquired products;
entering markets or types of businesses in which we have limited experience; and
potential loss of key employees of the acquired business.
As a result of these and other risks, if we are unable to successfully integrate acquired businesses, we may not realize the anticipated benefits from our acquisitions. Any failure to achieve these benefits or failure to successfully integrate acquired businesses and technologies could seriously harm our business.

Charges to earnings as a result of our acquisitions may adversely affect our operating results in the foreseeable future, which could have a material and adverse effect on the market value of our common stock.
Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, we record the market value of our common stock and other forms of consideration issued in connection with an acquisition as the cost of acquiring the company or business. We allocate that cost to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including various identifiable intangible assets such as acquired technology, acquired trade names and acquired customer relationships, based on their respective fair values. Our estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable but which are inherently uncertain. After we complete an acquisition, the following factors could result in material charges and may adversely affect our operating results and cash flows:

costs incurred to combine the operations of businesses we acquire, such as transitional employee expenses and employee retention, redeployment or relocation expenses;
impairment of goodwill or intangible assets;
amortization of intangible assets acquired;
a reduction in the useful lives of intangible assets acquired;
identification of or changes to assumed contingent liabilities, both income tax and non-income tax related, after our final determination of the amounts for these contingencies or the conclusion of the measurement period (generally up to one year from the acquisition date), whichever comes first;
charges to our operating results to eliminate certain duplicative pre-merger activities, to restructure our operations or to reduce our cost structure;
charges to our operating results resulting from expenses incurred to effect the acquisition; and
charges to our operating results due to the expensing of certain stock awards assumed in an acquisition.

Intangible assets are generally amortized over three to ten years. Goodwill is not subject to amortization but is subject to an impairment analysis, at least annually, which may result in an impairment charge if the carrying value exceeds its implied fair value. As of MarchDecember 31, 2017, we had identified intangible assets of approximately $0.7 billion,$627.6 million, net of accumulated amortization, and goodwill of approximately $3.5$3.6 billion. In addition, purchase accounting limits our ability to recognize certain revenue that otherwise would have been recognized by the acquired company as an independent business. As a result, the combined company may delay revenue recognition or recognize less revenue than we and the acquired company would have recognized as independent companies.

We have grown, and may continue to grow, through acquisitions, which could dilute our existing stockholders and/or increase our debt levels.
In connection with past acquisitions, we issued a substantial number of shares of our common stock as transaction consideration, including contingent consideration, and also incurred significant debt to finance the cash consideration used for our acquisitions. We may continue to issue equity securities for future acquisitions, which would dilute existing stockholders, perhaps significantly, depending on the terms of such acquisitions. We may also incur additional debt in connection with future acquisitions, which, if available at all, may place additional restrictions on our ability to operate our business.

Our strategy to increase cloud services, term licensing and transaction-based recurring revenue may adversely affect our near-term revenue growth and results of operations.
Our ongoing shift from a perpetual software license model to cloud services, term licensing and transaction-based recurring revenue models will create a recurring revenue stream that is more predictable. The transition, however, creates risks related to the timing of revenue recognition. We also incur certain expenses associated with the infrastructures and selling efforts of our hosting offerings in advance of our ability to recognize the revenues associated with these offerings, which may adversely affect our near-term reported revenues, results of operations and cash flows. A decline in renewals of recurring revenue offerings in any period may not be immediately reflected in our results for that period but may result in a decline in our revenue and results of operations in future quarters.

We have a history of operating losses, and may incur losses in the future, which may require us to raise additional capital on unfavorable terms.
We reported net losses of $151.0 million, $12.5 million $115.0 million and $150.3$115.0 million in fiscal years 2017, 2016 2015 and 2014,2015, respectively, and have a total accumulated deficit of $486.8$527.7 million as of MarchDecember 31, 2017. If we are unable to return to profitability, the market price for our stock may decline, perhaps substantially. We cannot assure you that our revenue or bookings will grow or that we will return to profitability in the future. If we do not achieve profitability, we may be required to raise additional capital to maintain or grow our operations. Additional capital, if available at all, may be highly dilutive to existing investors or contain other unfavorable terms, such as a high interest rate and restrictive covenants.

If our efforts to execute our formal transformation program are not successful, our business could be harmed.
We have been executing a formal transformation program to focus our product investments on our growth opportunities, increase our operating efficiencies, reduce costs, and further enhance shareholder value through share buybacks. There can be no assurance that we will be successful in executing this transformation program or be able to fully realize the anticipated benefits of this program, within the expected timeframes, or at all. Additionally, if we are not successful in strategically aligning our product portfolio, we may not be able to achieve the anticipated benefits of this program. A failure to successfully reduce and re-align our costs could have an adverse effect on our revenue and on our expenses and profitability. As a result, our financial results may not meet our or the expectations of securities analysts or investors in the future and our business could be harmed.

Tax matters may cause significant variability in our financial results.
Our businesses are subject to income taxation in the United States, as well as in many tax jurisdictions throughout the world. Tax rates in these jurisdictions may be subject to significant change. If our effective tax rate increases, our operating results and cash flow could be adversely affected. Our effective income tax rate can vary significantly between periods due to a number of complex factors including:

projected levels of taxable income;
pre-tax income being lower than anticipated in countries with lower statutory rates or higher than anticipated in countries with higher statutory rates;
increases or decreases to valuation allowances recorded against deferred tax assets;
tax audits conducted and settled by various tax authorities;
adjustments to income taxes upon finalization of income tax returns;
the ability to claim foreign tax credits;
the repatriation of non-U.S. earnings for which we have not previously provided for income taxes; and
changes in tax laws and their interpretations in countries in which we are subject to taxation.

During 2014, Ireland enacted changes to the taxation of certain Irish incorporated companies effective as of January 2021. On October 5, 2015, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development released the Final Reports for its Action Plan on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting. The implementation of one or more of these reports in jurisdictions in which we operate, together

with the 2014 enactment by Ireland, could result in an increase to our effective tax rate. In addition, in December 2017, the U.S. Congress passed, and the President signed the Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017. We expect this new legislation to have a material impact on our GAAP tax results.  We have determined that our GAAP tax provision for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 was benefited by approximately $80 million driven by a revaluation of certain deferred tax assets and liabilities using the updated federal tax rates, offset in part by a one-time repatriation tax on non-US cash and earnings. Future changes in U.S. and non-U.S. tax laws and regulations could have a material effect on our results of operations in the periods in which such laws and regulations become effective as well as in future periods.

The failure to successfully maintain the adequacy of our system of internal control over financial reporting could have a material adverse impact on our ability to report our financial results in an accurate and timely manner.
Under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, we were required to develop and are required to maintain an effective system of disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements. In addition, our management is required to assess and certify the adequacy of our controls on a quarterly basis, and our independent auditors must attest and report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting on an annual basis. Any failure in the effectiveness of our system of internal control over financial reporting could have a material adverse impact on our ability to report our financial statements in an accurate and timely manner. Inaccurate and/or untimely financial statements could subject us to regulatory actions, civil or criminal penalties, shareholder litigation, or loss of customer confidence, which could result in an adverse reaction in the financial marketplace and ultimately could negatively impact our stock price due to a loss of investor confidence in the reliability of our financial statements.

Impairment of our intangible assets could result in significant charges that would adversely impact our future operating results.
We have significant intangible assets, including goodwill and intangibles with indefinite lives, which are susceptible to valuation adjustments as a result of changes in various factors or conditions. The most significant intangible assets are customer relationships, patents and core technology, completed technology and trademarks. Customer relationships are amortized on an accelerated basis based upon the pattern in which the economic benefits of customer relationships are being utilized. Other identifiable intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. We assess the potential impairment of intangible assets on an annual basis, as well as whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors that could trigger an impairment of such assets include the following:

significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results;
significant changes in the manner of or use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business;
significant negative industry or economic trends;
significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period;
changes in our organization or management reporting structure that could result in additional reporting units, which may require alternative methods of estimating fair values or greater disaggregation or aggregation in our analysis by reporting unit; and
our market capitalization declining to below net book value.

Future adverse changes in these or other unforeseeable factors could result in an impairment charge that would impact our results of operations and financial position in the reporting period identified.

Our sales to government clients subject us to risks, including early termination, audits, investigations, sanctions and penalties.
We derive a portion of our revenues and bookings from contracts with the United States government, as well as various state and local governments, and their respective agencies. Government contracts are generally subject to oversight, including audits and investigations which could identify violations of these agreements. Government contract violations could result in a range of consequences including, but not limited to, contract price adjustments, civil and criminal penalties, contract termination, forfeiture of profit and/or suspension of payment, and suspension or debarment from future government contracts. We could also suffer serious harm to our reputation if we were found to have violated the terms of our government contracts.

Risks Related to Our Intellectual Property and Technology


Third parties have claimed and may claim in the future that we are infringing their intellectual property, and we could be exposed to significant litigation or licensing expenses or be prevented from selling our products if such claims are successful.

From time to time, we are subject to claims and law actions alleging that we or our customers may be infringing or contributing to the infringement of the intellectual property rights of others. We may be unaware of intellectual property rights of others that

may cover some of our technologies and products. If it appears necessary or desirable, we may seek licenses for these intellectual property rights. However, we may not be able to obtain licenses from some or all claimants, the terms of any offered licenses may not be acceptable to us, and we may not be able to resolve disputes without litigation. Any litigation regarding intellectual property could be costly and time-consuming and could divert the attention of our management and key personnel from our business operations. Intellectual property disputes could subject us to significant liabilities, require us to enter into royalty and licensing arrangements on unfavorable terms, prevent us from manufacturing or licensing certain of our products, cause severe disruptions to our operations or the markets in which we compete, or require us to satisfy indemnification commitments with our customers including contractual provisions under various arrangements. Any of these could seriously harm our business.

Unauthorized use of our proprietary technology and intellectual property could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our success and competitive position depend in large part on our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property rights protecting our products and services. We rely on a combination of patents, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade secrets, confidentiality provisions and licensing arrangements to establish and protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights. Unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or discover aspects of our products or to obtain, license, sell or otherwise use information that we regard as proprietary. Policing unauthorized use of our products is difficult and we may not be able to protect our technology from unauthorized use. Additionally, our competitors may independently develop technologies that are substantially the same or superior to our technologies and that do not infringe our rights. In these cases, we would be unable to prevent our competitors from selling or licensing these similar or superior technologies. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect our proprietary rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. Although the source code for our proprietary software is protected both as a trade secret and as a copyrighted work, litigation may be necessary to enforce our intellectual property rights, to protect our trade secrets, to determine the validity and scope of the proprietary rights of others, or to defend against claims of infringement or invalidity. Litigation, regardless of the outcome, can be very expensive and can divert management efforts.

Our software products may have bugs, which could result in delayed or lost revenue and bookings, expensive correction, liability to our customers and claims against us.
Complex software products such as ours may contain errors, defects or bugs. Defects in the solutions or products that we develop and sell to our customers could require expensive corrections and result in delayed or lost revenue and bookings, adverse customer reaction and negative publicity about us or our products and services. Customers who are not satisfied with any of our products may also bring claims against us for damages, which, even if unsuccessful, would likely be time-consuming to defend, and could result in costly litigation and payment of damages. Such claims could harm our reputation, financial results and competitive position.

Risks Related to our Corporate Structure, Organization and Common Stock

Our debt agreements contain covenant restrictions that may limit our ability to operate our business.
Our debt agreements contain, and any of our other future debt agreements or arrangements may contain, covenant restrictions that limit our ability to operate our business, including restrictions on our ability to:

incur additional debt or issue guarantees;
create liens;
make certain investments;
enter into transactions with our affiliates;
sell certain assets;
repurchase capital stock or make other restricted payments;
declare or pay dividends or make other distributions to stockholders; and
merge or consolidate with any entity.

Our ability to comply with these limitations is dependent on our future performance, which will be subject to many factors, some of which are beyond our control, including prevailing economic conditions. As a result of these limitations, our ability to respond to changes in business and economic conditions and to obtain additional financing, if needed, may be significantly restricted, and we may be prevented from engaging in transactions that might otherwise be beneficial to us. In addition, our failure to comply with our debt covenants could result in a default under our debt agreements, which could permit the holders to accelerate our obligation to repay the debt. If any of our debt is accelerated, we may not have sufficient funds available to repay the accelerated debt.


Our significant debt could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under our credit facility and our convertible debentures.

We have a significant amount of debt. At MarchAs of December 31, 2017, we had a total of $2,918.1$2,587.0 million face valueoutstanding principal of debt, outstanding, comprised ofincluding $450.0 million of senior notesnote due in 2020, $300.0 million of senior notesnote due in 2024, and $500.0 million of senior notesnote due in 2026. At March 31, 2017, we also had $1,668.12026, $46.6 million in aggregate principal amount of convertible debentures outstanding comprised of our 2.75% 2031 Debentures ($377.7 million) redeemable in November 2017, 1.5% 2035 Debentures ($263.9 million) redeemable in November 2021, $263.9 million of 1.5% 2035 Debentures redeemable in November 2021, $676.5 million of 1.0% 2035 Debentures ($676.5 million) redeemable in December 2022, and $350.0 million of 1.25% 2025 Debentures ($350.0 million) redeemable in April 1, 2025. Investors may require us to redeem these debentures earlier than the dates indicated if the closing sale price of our common stock is more than 130% of the then current conversion price of the respective debentures for certain specified periods. If a holder elects to convert, we will be required to pay the principal amount in cash and any amounts payable in excess of the principal amount in cash or shares of our common stock, at our election. We also havehad a $242.5 million Revolving Credit Facility under which $4.5 million was committed to backing outstanding letters of credit issued and $238.0 million was available for borrowing at MarchDecember 31, 2017. Our debt level could have important consequences, for example it could:
require us to use a large portion of our cash flow to pay principal and interest on debt, including the convertible debentures and the credit facility, which will reduce the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, research and development, exploiting business opportunities, and other business activities;
place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt; and
limit, along with the financial and other restrictive covenants related to our debt, our ability to borrow additional funds, dispose of assets or pay cash dividends.

Our ability to meet our payment and other obligations under our debt instruments depends on our ability to generate significant cash flow in the future. This, to some extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative and regulatory factors as well as other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot assure you that our business will generate cash flow from operations, or that additional capital will be available to us, in an amount sufficient to enable us to meet our payment obligations under the convertible debentures and our other debt and to fund other liquidity needs. If we are not able to generate sufficient cash flow to service our debt obligations, we may need to refinance or restructure our debt, including the convertible debentures, sell assets, reduce or delay capital investments, or seek to raise additional capital. If we are unable to implement one or more of these alternatives, we may not be able to meet our payment obligations under the convertible debentures and our other debt.

The market price of our common stock has been and may continue to be subject to wide fluctuations, and this may make it difficult for you to resell the common stock when you want or at prices you find attractive.
Our stock price historically has been, and may continue to be, volatile. Various factors contribute to the volatility of our stock price, including, for example, quarterly variations in our financial results, new product introductions by us or our competitors and general economic and market conditions. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock by our largest stockholders, or the perception that such sales could occur, could also contribute to the volatility or our stock price. While we cannot predict the individual effect that any of these factors may have on the market price of our common stock, these factors, either individually or in the aggregate, could result in significant volatility in our stock price. Moreover, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock often are subject to securities class action litigation. Any such litigation could result in substantial costs and divert management's attention and resources.

Current uncertainty in the global financial markets and the global economy may negatively affect the value of our investment portfolio.
Our investment portfolio,portfolios, which includesinclude investments in money market funds, bank deposits and a separately managed investment portfolio, isportfolios, are generally subject to credit, liquidity, counterparty, market and interest rate risks that may be exacerbated by a global financial crisis or by uncertainty surrounding the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union. If the banking

system or the fixed income, credit or equity markets deteriorate or remain volatile, our investment portfolio may be impacted and the values and liquidity of our investments could be adversely affected.


Future issuances of our common stock could adversely affect the trading price of our common stock and our ability to raise funds in new stock offerings.

Future issuances of substantial amounts of our common stock, whether in the public market or through private placements, including issuances in connection with acquisition activities, or the perception that such issuances could occur, could adversely affect prevailing trading prices of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through future offerings of equity or equity-related securities. In connection with past acquisitions, we issued a substantial number of shares of our common stock as transaction consideration or contingent consideration. We may continue to issue equity securities for future acquisitions, which would dilute existing stockholders, perhaps significantly depending on the terms of such acquisitions. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that future sales of shares of common stock, or the availability of shares of common stock for future sale, will have on the trading price of our common stock.

Our business could be negatively affected by the actions of activist stockholders.
Responding to actions by activist stockholders can be costly and time-consuming, disrupting our operations and diverting the attention of management and our employees. Furthermore, any perceived uncertainties as to our future direction could result in the loss of potential business opportunities, and may make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified personnel and business partners.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On February 7, 2017, we issued 844,108 shares of our common stock in connection with a business acquisition. The shares were issued in reliance upon an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, provided by Section 4(a)(2) thereof because the issuance did not involve a public offering.

The following is a summary of our share repurchases for the three months ended March 31, 2017:
         
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share 
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program (1)
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program(1)
January 1, 2017 - January 31, 2017 
 $
 
 $292,487
February 1, 2017 - February 28, 2017 
 $
 
 $292,487
March 1, 2017 - March 31, 2017 5,797
 $17.09
 5,797
 $193,410
Total 5,797
   5,797
 

(1) On April 29, 2013, our Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program for up to $500.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock. On April 29, 2015, our Board of Directors approved an additional $500.0 million under our share repurchase program. The plan has no expiration date. As of March 31, 2017, approximately $193.4 million of repurchasing authority remained available.
For the majority of restricted stock units granted to employees, the number of shares issued on the date the restricted stock units vest is net of the minimum statutory income withholding tax requirements that we pay in cash to the applicable taxing authorities on behalf of our employees. We do not consider these transactions to be common stock repurchases.None.
Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.



Item 5.Other Information
None.
Not applicable.


Item 6.Exhibits
The exhibits listed on the Exhibit Index are filed or incorporated by reference (as stated therein) as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
EXHIBIT INDEX
    Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit
Number
 Exhibit Description Form File No. Exhibit 
Filing
Date
 
Filed
Herewith
3.1  10-Q 0-27038 3.2 5/11/2001  
3.2  10-Q 0-27038 3.1 8/9/2004  
3.3  8-K 0-27038 3.1 10/19/2005  
3.4  8-K 0-27038 3.1 11/13/2017  
3.5  S-3 333-142182 3.3 4/18/2007  
31.1          X
31.2          X
32.1          X
101.0 The following materials from Nuance Communications, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended 12/31/2017, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.         X


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the Town of Burlington, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, on May 10, 2017.February 9, 2018.
 
    
 Nuance Communications, Inc.
    
 By: /s/ Daniel D. Tempesta
   Daniel D. Tempesta
   Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
    


EXHIBIT INDEX
    Incorporated by Reference
Exhibit
Number
 Exhibit Description Form File No. Exhibit 
Filing
Date
 
Filed
Herewith
3.1
 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant. 10-Q 0-27038 3.2 5/11/2001  
3.2
 Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant. 10-Q 0-27038 3.1 8/9/2004  
3.3
 Certificate of Ownership and Merger. 8-K 0-27038 3.1 10/19/2005  
3.4
 Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant. 8-K 0-27038 3.1 11/13/2007  
3.5
 Certificate of Amendment of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant, as amended. S-3 333-142182 3.3 4/18/2007  
3.6
 Certificate of Elimination of the Series A Participating Preferred Stock. 8-K 0-27038 3.1 8/20/2013  
3.7
 Certificate of Designation of Rights, Preferences and Privileges of Series A Participating Preferred Stock 8-K 0-27038 3.2 8/20/2013  
4.1
 Indenture, dated as of March 17, 2017, by and between Nuance Communications, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee relating to 1.25% Senior Convertible Notes due 2025, including form of Global Note. 8-K 001-36056 4.1 3/17/2017  
10.1
 
Nuance Communications, Inc. 2000 Stock Plan (as amended January 30, 2017)

 8-K 001-36056 10.1 2/3/2017  
31.1
 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a).         X
31.2
 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a).         X
32.1
 Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.         X
101.0
 
The following materials from Nuance Communications, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Operations, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
         X


5545