UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)



x☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020



o☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________ to _________

Commission File Number: 0-20853

ANSYS, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware			04-3219960
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2600 ANSYS Drive,	Canonsburg,	PA	15317
(Address of ~~principal executive offices)~~Principal Executive Offices)			(Zip Code)
~~844-462-6797~~

844-462-6797

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)



Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share	ANSS	Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
		(Nasdaq Global Select Market)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes x☒ No o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes x☒ No o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	x ☒	Accelerated filer	o ☐
Non-accelerated filer	o ☐	Smaller reporting company	o☐
Emerging growth company	o☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o☐ No x☒



~~Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:~~

~~Title of each class~~	~~Trading Symbol(s)~~	~~Name of exchange on which registered~~
~~Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share~~	~~ANSS~~	~~The Nasdaq Global Select Market~~

The number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock, $0.01 par value ~~$.01~~ per share, outstanding as of April ~~26, 2019~~30, 2020 was ~~83,928,433~~85,595,438 shares.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

INDEX




PART I	~~UNAUDITED~~ FINANCIAL INFORMATION	Page No.

Item 1.	Financial Statements

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income – Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	5

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity -– Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	7

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8

	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	19

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	20

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	3436

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	3537

PART II	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	3638

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	3638

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	3639

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	3639

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	3639

Item 5.	Other Information	3639

Item 6.	Exhibits	3740

	SIGNATURES	3841

PART I – ~~UNAUDITED~~ FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.Financial Statements:

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)							ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
(in thousands, except share and per share data)	(Unaudited)			(Audited)			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	607,391		$	777,139		$	717,748		$	872,094
Short-term investments	237			225			282			288
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $8,600 and $8,000, respectively	268,526			317,700
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $11,000 and $8,700, respectively							337,105			433,479
Other receivables and current assets	186,657			216,113			235,565			249,619
Total current assets	1,062,811			1,311,177			1,290,700			1,555,480
Long-term assets:
Property and equipment, net	63,301			61,655			82,471			83,636
Operating lease right-of-use assets	99,991			—			120,831			105,671
Goodwill	1,748,228			1,572,455			2,398,684			2,413,280
Other intangible assets, net	278,327			211,272			458,136			476,711
Other long-term assets	97,699			82,775			152,521			180,032
Deferred income taxes	21,906			26,630			22,742			24,077
Total long-term assets	2,309,452			1,954,787			3,235,385			3,283,407
Total assets	$	3,372,263		$	3,265,964		$	4,526,085		$	4,838,887
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	11,502		$	7,953		$	12,571		$	14,298
Accrued bonuses and commissions	20,506			79,945			22,421			101,546
Accrued income taxes	15,694			8,726			9,689			9,996
Current portion of long-term debt							—			75,000
Other accrued expenses and liabilities	124,818			99,559			139,497			142,947
Deferred revenue	330,890			328,584			352,964			351,353
Total current liabilities	503,410			524,767			537,142			695,140
Long-term liabilities:
Deferred income taxes	38,370			30,077			69,778			78,643
Long-term operating lease liabilities	87,259			—			107,035			91,768
Long-term debt							423,607			423,531
Other long-term liabilities	58,843			61,573			96,173			96,426
Total long-term liabilities	184,472			91,650			696,593			690,368
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; zero shares issued or outstanding	—			—
Common stock, $.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 93,236,023 shares issued	932			932
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized; zero shares issued or outstanding							—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 300,000,000 shares authorized; 94,627,585 shares issued							946			946
Additional paid-in capital	824,997			867,462			1,118,170			1,188,939
Retained earnings	3,005,641			2,919,411			3,416,770			3,370,706
Treasury stock, at cost: 9,357,968 and 9,601,670 shares, respectively	(1,077,252		)	(1,075,879		)
Treasury stock, at cost: 9,041,521 and 8,893,177 shares, respectively							(1,153,863		)	(1,041,831		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(69,937		)	(62,379		)	(89,673		)	(65,381		)
Total stockholders' equity	2,684,381			2,649,547			3,292,350			3,453,379
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	3,372,263		$	3,265,964		$	4,526,085		$	4,838,887

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)	ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)						ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Revenue:
Software licenses	$	123,044		$	110,046		$	87,830		$	123,044
Maintenance and service	194,086			172,827			217,155			194,086
Total revenue	317,130			282,873			304,985			317,130
Cost of sales:
Software licenses	4,708			3,911			4,926			4,708
Amortization	4,547			8,786			9,552			4,547
Maintenance and service	25,560			26,341			35,638			25,560
Total cost of sales	34,815			39,038			50,116			34,815
Gross profit	282,315			243,835			254,869			282,315
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	112,169			87,809			130,522			112,169
Research and development	70,738			57,530			86,112			70,738
Amortization	3,759			3,435			4,162			3,759
Total operating expenses	186,666			148,774			220,796			186,666
Operating income	95,649			95,061			34,073			95,649
Interest income	3,442			2,285			2,775			3,442
Other expense, net	(425		)	(308		)
Interest expense							(3,651		)	(91		)
Other income (expense), net							127			(334		)
Income before income tax provision	98,666			97,038			33,324			98,666
Income tax provision	12,436			12,758
Income tax (benefit) provision							(12,740		)	12,436
Net income	$	86,230		$	84,280		$	46,064		$	86,230
Earnings per share – basic:
Earnings per share	$	1.03		$	1.00		$	0.54		$	1.03
Weighted average shares	83,764			83,931			85,798			83,764
Earnings per share – diluted:
Earnings per share	$	1.01		$	0.98		$	0.53		$	1.01
Weighted average shares	85,493			86,152			87,369			85,493

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)	ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)					ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended					Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018		March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Net income	$	86,230		$	84,280	$	46,064		$	86,230
Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(7,558		)	8,243		(24,292		)	(7,558		)
Comprehensive income	$	78,672		$	92,523	$	21,772		$	78,672

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)	ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)						ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	86,230		$	84,280		$	46,064		$	86,230
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	17,898			16,613
Depreciation and intangible assets amortization							20,702			13,415
Operating lease right-of-use assets expense							5,075			4,483
Deferred income tax benefit	(1,387		)	(3,245		)	(5,442		)	(1,387		)
Provision for bad debts	390			64			3,116			390
Stock-based compensation expense	23,800			15,269			30,941			23,800
Other	1,093			272			1,553			1,093
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	43,983			22,507			117,830			43,983
Other receivables and current assets	28,363			6,167			12,013			28,363
Other long-term assets	(2,516		)	1,189			(3,426		)	(2,516		)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and current liabilities	(54,050		)	(40,009		)	(99,112		)	(54,050		)
Accrued income taxes	5,999			(1,807		)	1,006			5,999
Deferred revenue	2,235			31,704			4,784			2,235
Other long-term liabilities	(460		)	(583		)	12,308			(460		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	151,578			132,421			147,412			151,578
Cash flows from investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(244,323		)	—			(2,348		)	(244,323		)
Capital expenditures	(6,900		)	(2,933		)	(6,987		)	(6,900		)
Other investing activities	(460		)	(4,303		)	(264		)	(460		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(251,683		)	(7,236		)	(9,599		)	(251,683		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Principal payments on long-term debt							(75,000		)	—
Purchase of treasury stock	(44,856		)	(117,831		)	(161,029		)	(44,856		)
Restricted stock withholding taxes paid in lieu of issued shares	(32,994		)	(24,333		)	(62,425		)	(32,994		)
Proceeds from shares issued for stock-based compensation	10,376			12,759			9,716			10,376
Other financing activities	(1,617		)	—			—			(1,617		)
Net cash used in financing activities	(69,091		)	(129,405		)	(288,738		)	(69,091		)
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents	(552		)	8,212			(3,421		)	(552		)
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(169,748		)	3,992
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents							(154,346		)	(169,748		)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	777,139			881,501			872,094			777,139
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	607,391		$	885,493		$	717,748		$	607,391
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Income taxes paid	$	4,832		$	3,402		$	6,757		$	4,832
Interest paid							$	5,628		$	6

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock					Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Stockholders' Equity			Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock					Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Stockholders' Equity
(in thousands)	Shares	Amount							Shares		Amount									Shares	Amount							Shares		Amount
Balance, January 1, 2019	93,236	$	932	$	867,462		$	2,919,411	9,602		$	(1,075,879	)	$	(62,379	)	$	2,649,547
Balance, January 1, 2020																				94,628	$	946	$	1,188,939		$	3,370,706	8,893		$	(1,041,831	)	$	(65,381	)	$	3,453,379
Treasury shares acquired									250		(44,856		)				(44,856		)									690		(161,029		)				(161,029		)
Stock-based compensation activity				(42,465		)			(494	)	43,483						1,018						(70,769		)			(541	)	48,997						(21,772		)
Other comprehensive loss														(7,558		)	(7,558		)														(24,292		)	(24,292		)
Net income							86,230										86,230									46,064										46,064
Balance, March 31, 2019	93,236	$	932	$	824,997		$	3,005,641	9,358		$	(1,077,252	)	$	(69,937	)	$	2,684,381
Balance, March 31, 2020																				94,628	$	946	$	1,118,170		$	3,416,770	9,042		$	(1,153,863	)	$	(89,673	)	$	3,292,350


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
	Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock					Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income			Total Stockholders' Equity			Common Stock			Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock					Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Stockholders' Equity
(in thousands)	Shares	Amount							Shares		Amount									Shares	Amount							Shares		Amount
Balance, January 1, 2018	93,236	$	932	$	873,357		$	2,316,916	9,044		$	(907,530	)	$	(37,844	)	$	2,245,831
Cumulative effect of the ASC 606 adoption							183,132										183,132
Balance, January 1, 2019																				93,236	$	932	$	867,462		$	2,919,411	9,602		$	(1,075,879	)	$	(62,379	)	$	2,649,547
Treasury shares acquired									750		(117,831		)				(117,831		)									250		(44,856		)				(44,856		)
Stock-based compensation activity				(39,943		)			(492	)	43,648						3,705						(42,465		)			(494	)	43,483						1,018
Other comprehensive income														8,243			8,243
Other comprehensive loss																																	(7,558		)	(7,558		)
Net income							84,280										84,280									86,230										86,230
Balance, March 31, 2018	93,236	$	932	$	833,414		$	2,584,328	9,302		$	(981,713	)	$	(29,601	)	$	2,407,360
Balance, March 31, 2019																				93,236	$	932	$	824,997		$	3,005,641	9,358		$	(1,077,252	)	$	(69,937	)	$	2,684,381

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

ANSYS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

March 31, ~~2019~~2020

(Unaudited)


1.	Organization

ANSYS, Inc. ~~(hereafter the Company or ANSYS)~~(Ansys, we, us, our) develops and globally markets engineering simulation software and services widely used by engineers, designers, researchers and students across a broad spectrum of industries and academia, including aerospace and defense, automotive, electronics, semiconductors, energy, materials and chemical processing, turbomachinery, consumer products, healthcare, and sports.

As defined by the accounting guidance for segment reporting, ~~the Company operates~~we operate as ~~one~~1 segment.

Given the integrated approach to the multi-discipline problem-solving needs of ~~the Company's~~our customers, a single sale of software may contain components from multiple product areas and include combined technologies. ~~The Company~~We also ~~has~~have a multi-year product and integration strategy that will result in new, combined products or changes to the historical product offerings. As a result, it is impracticable for ~~the Company~~us to provide accurate historical or current reporting among ~~its~~our various product lines.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a pandemic, which continues to spread throughout the U.S. and the world. While the full impact of this outbreak is not yet known, we are closely monitoring the spread of COVID-19 and continually assessing its potential effects on our business. The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and is expected to continue to have, an adverse impact on our business, employees, liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.


2.	Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared ~~by ANSYS~~ in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information for commercial and industrial companies, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with ~~the Company's~~our audited consolidated financial statements (and notes thereto) included in ~~the Company's~~our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018 (2018~~2019 (2019 Form 10-K). The condensed consolidated December 31, ~~2018~~2019 balance sheet presented is derived from the audited December 31, ~~2018~~2019 balance sheet included in the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K. In ~~the~~our opinion, ~~of management,~~ all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements have been included, and all adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. Certain items in the condensed consolidated financial statements of prior years have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported net income, comprehensive income, cash flows, total assets or total liabilities and stockholders' equity. Operating results for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period.

Changes in Accounting Policies

~~The Company’s~~Our accounting policies are described in Note 2, “Accounting Policies,” in the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K. Summarized below is the accounting guidance adopted subsequent to December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

~~Leases:~~Credit losses: In ~~February~~June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) ~~No. 2016-02,~~ ~~Leases(Topic 842)~~ (ASU 2016-02). The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and its related amendments (collectively known as Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 842) on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective approach. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with ASC 840, ~~Leases. ASC 842 requires virtually all leases, other than leases of intangible assets, to be recorded on the balance sheet with a right-of-use (ROU) asset and a corresponding lease liability.~~

The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which allowed the Company to carry forward its historical assessments of whether a contract contains a lease, lease classification and initial direct costs. In addition, the Company elected the accounting policy to combine the lease and nonlease components as a single component for all asset classes.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Leases are classified as either operating or finance leases based on certain criteria. This classification determines the timing and presentation of expenses on the income statement, as well as the presentation of the related cash flows and balance sheet. Operating leases are recorded on the balance sheet as operating lease right-of-use assets, other accrued expenses and liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities. The Company currently has no finance leases.

ROU assets and related liabilities are recorded at lease commencement based on the present value of the lease payments over the expected lease term. Lease payments include future increases unless the increases are based on changes in an index or rate. As the Company's leases do not usually provide an implicit rate, the Company’s incremental borrowing rate is used to calculate ROU assets and related liabilities. The incremental borrowing rate is determined based on the Company’s estimated credit rating, the term of the lease, the economic environment where the asset resides and full collateralization. The ROU assets and related lease liabilities include optional renewals for which the Company is reasonably certain to exercise; whereas, optional terminations are included unless it is reasonably certain not to be elected.

The adoption of the new standard resulted in the recognition of ROU assets of $90.9 million and lease liabilities of $92.5 million, and corresponding deferred tax assets and liabilities, on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. The adoption had no impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of income or cash flows.

~~Accounting Guidance Issued and Not Yet Adopted~~

~~Credit losses:~~ ~~In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU~~ No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASU 2016-13)~~. The current~~, which modifies the measurement of expected credit losses of certain financial instruments. We adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 with no material impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements. Previous guidance ~~requires~~required the allowance for doubtful accounts to be estimated based on an incurred loss model, which ~~considers~~considered past and current conditions. ASU 2016-13 requires ~~companies~~us to use an expected loss model that also considers reasonable and supportable forecasts of future ~~conditions.~~conditions, referred to as the current expected credit loss (CECL) methodology.

Under ASU 2016-13, ~~is effective~~we make judgments as to our ability to collect outstanding receivables and provide allowances for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The standard requires a ~~cumulative-effect adjustment to~~portion of receivables over the ~~balance sheet as~~lifetime of the ~~beginning~~receivables. Provisions are made based upon a specific review of all significant outstanding invoices from both value and delinquency perspectives. For those invoices not specifically reviewed, provisions are

estimated at differing rates based upon the age of the ~~first reporting period~~receivable. In determining these percentages, we considered our historical loss experience, current economic trends and future conditions.

The changes in ~~which~~ the ~~guidance is effective. The Company did not early adopt~~allowance for doubtful accounts during the ~~standard. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that this update will have on its financial results upon adoption.~~three months ended March 31, 2020 were as follows:



(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Beginning balance – January 1	$	8,700
Additions: Charges to costs and expenses	3,116
Deductions: Returns and write-offs	(816		)
Ending balance – March 31	$	11,000

~~Implementation cost accounting~~The increase in the allowance for ~~cloud computing arrangements:~~doubtful accounts was driven by expected losses related to COVID-19.

Accounting Guidance Issued and Not Yet Adopted

Income taxes: In ~~August 2018,~~December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. ~~2018-15,~~2019-12, ~~Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)~~Income Taxes (Topic 740): ~~Customer's~~Simplifying the Accounting for ~~Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract~~Income Taxes (ASU ~~2018-15).~~2019-12), as part of its initiative to reduce complexity in the accounting standards. The ~~standard aligns~~amendments in ASU 2019-12 eliminate certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for costs incurred to implement a cloud computing arrangement (CCA) that is a service arrangement with the guidance on capitalizing costs associated with developing or obtaining internal-use software. Underincome taxes. ASU 2018-15, an entity would apply Subtopic 350-40 to determine which implementation costs related to a CCA that is a service contract should be capitalized. The standard does not change the accounting for the service component of a CCA. The associated cash flows will be reflected within operating activities. ASU 2018-152019-12 is effective for ~~annual~~fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, ~~2019, including interim periods within that reporting period.~~2020. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim ~~period for which~~period. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our financial ~~statements have not been issued. Entities can choose to adopt the new guidance (1) prospectively to eligible costs incurred on~~position or ~~after the date the guidance is first applied or (2) retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the effect that this update will have on its financial~~ results ~~upon adoption.~~of operations.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as deposits held at major banks and money market funds. Cash equivalents are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. ~~The Company’s~~Our cash and cash ~~equivalent~~equivalents balances comprise the following:


	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
(in thousands, except percentages)	Amount		% of Total	Amount		% of Total	Amount		% of Total	Amount		% of Total
Cash accounts	$	379,831	62.5	$	331,084	42.6	$	599,137	83.5	$	549,639	63.0
Money market funds	227,560		37.5	446,055		57.4	118,611		16.5	322,455		37.0
Total	$	607,391		$	777,139		$	717,748		$	872,094

~~The Company's~~

Our money market fund balances are held in various funds of two issuers. The decrease in money market funds during the three months ended March 31, 2020 was a ~~single issuer.~~result of redemptions for share repurchases and the Lumerical Inc. (Lumerical) acquisition. See Note 16, Subsequent Event, for additional disclosures regarding the Lumerical acquisition.


3.	Revenue from Contracts with Customers

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following table summarizes revenue:


	Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018
(in thousands, except percentages)					March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Revenue:
Lease licenses	$	69,256	$	48,772	$	44,874		$	69,256
Perpetual licenses	53,788		61,274		42,956			53,788
Software licenses	123,044		110,046		87,830			123,044
Maintenance	181,461		163,896		200,488			181,461
Service	12,625		8,931		16,667			12,625
Maintenance and service	194,086		172,827		217,155			194,086
Total revenue	$	317,130	$	282,873	$	304,985		$	317,130

Direct revenue, as a percentage of total revenue					73.6		%	70.5		%
Indirect revenue, as a percentage of total revenue					26.4		%	29.5		%

~~The Company’s~~Our software licenses revenue is recognized up front, while maintenance and service revenue is generally recognized over the term of the contract. ~~The Company derived 29.5% and 23.5% of its total revenue through the indirect sales channel for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.~~

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists of billings made or payments received in advance of revenue recognition from ~~software license and maintenance~~customer agreements. The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of billings to customers. Payment terms vary by the type and location of customer and the products or services offered. The time between invoicing and when payment is due is not significant.

The changes in deferred revenue, inclusive of both current and long-term deferred revenue, during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 were as follows:


(in thousands)	2019			2018			2020			2019
Beginning balance – January 1	$	343,174		$	299,730		$	365,274		$	343,174
Acquired deferred revenue	2,349			—			—			2,349
Deferral of revenue	318,279			307,978			308,817			318,279
Recognition of revenue	(317,130		)	(282,873		)	(304,985		)	(317,130		)
Currency translation	(2,396		)	4,559			(3,355		)	(2,396		)
Ending balance – March 31	$	344,276		$	329,394		$	365,751		$	344,276

Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations represents contracted revenue that has not yet been recognized, ~~and~~which includes both deferred revenue and backlog. ~~The Company's~~Our backlog represents installment billings for periods beyond the current quarterly billing ~~cycle and customer orders received but not processed.~~cycle. Revenue recognized during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 included amounts in deferred revenue and backlog at the beginning of the period of $191.3 million and $172.6 million, ~~and $145.8 million,~~ respectively.

Total revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 will be recognized as revenue as follows:


(in thousands)
Next 12 months	$	477,092	$	564,806
Months 13-24	119,694		169,488
Months 25-36	44,061		72,872
Thereafter	31,801		27,860
Total revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations	$	672,648	$	835,026


4.	Acquisitions

~~During~~On November 1, 2019, we completed the ~~three months ended March 31,~~acquisition of 100% of the shares of Livermore Software Technology (LST), the premier provider of explicit dynamics and other advanced finite element analysis technology. The acquisition empowers our customers to solve a new class of engineering challenges, including developing safer automobiles, aircraft and trains while reducing or even eliminating the need for costly physical testing. The transaction closed with a purchase price of $777.8 million, which included $470.6 million in cash and the issuance of 1.4 million shares of our common stock in an unregistered offering to the prior owners of LST. The fair value of the common stock issued as consideration was based on the volume-weighted average price per share of our common stock on November 1, 2019 of $220.74, resulting in a fair value of $307.2 million.

On February 1, 2019, we completed the ~~Company acquired~~acquisition of 100% of the shares of Granta Design Limited (Granta Design) ~~and Helic, Inc. (Helic)~~ for a ~~combined~~ purchase price of ~~$260.8~~$208.7 million, paid in ~~cash.~~cash and inclusive of final net working capital adjustments. The acquisition of Granta Design, the premier provider of materials information technology, expands ~~ANSYS'~~our portfolio into this important area, giving customers access to ~~material~~materials intelligence, including data that is critical to successful simulations. ~~The acquisition of~~

Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2019, we acquired Dynardo, Helic, ~~the industry-leading provider of electromagnetic crosstalk solutions for systems on chips, combined with ANSYS' flagship electromagnetic~~Inc. (Helic) and ~~semiconductor solvers, will provide a comprehensive solution for on-chip, 3D integrated circuit and chip-package-system electromagnetics and noise analysis.~~

The assets and liabilities of Granta Design and Helic have been recorded based upon management's estimates of their fair market values as of each respective date of acquisition. The following tables summarize the fair value of consideration transferred and the fair values of identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed at each respective date of acquisition:

~~Fair Value of Consideration Transferred:~~

(in thousands) Granta Design Helic Total
Cash $ 198,723
$ 62,086
$ 260,809

~~Recognized Amounts of Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed:~~

(in thousands)
Cash $ 13,644
$ 2,842
$ 16,486
Accounts receivable and other tangible assets 6,926
6,008
12,934
Developed software and core technologies (12 year weighted-average life) 32,445
8,600
41,045
Customer lists (13 year weighted-average life) 20,016
11,500
31,516
Trade names (10 year weighted-average life) 4,579
890
5,469
Accounts payable and other liabilities
(6,176 ) (3,477 ) (9,653 )
Deferred revenue
(1,426 ) (923 ) (2,349 )
Net deferred tax liabilities (9,822 ) (5,049 ) (14,871 )
Total identifiable net assets $ 60,186
$ 20,391
$ 80,577
Goodwill $ 138,537
$ 41,695
$ 180,232

~~The goodwill, which is not tax-deductible, is attributed~~DfR Solutions to ~~intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition, including the assembled workforce of~~combine the acquired ~~business and the synergies expected to arise as a result of the acquisitions.~~

technologies with our existing comprehensive multiphysics portfolio. These acquisitions were not individually significant. The fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on preliminary calculations. The estimates and assumptions for these items are subject to change as additional information about what was known and knowable at the acquisition date is obtained during the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date).

On May 2, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the shares of OPTIS, a premier provider of software for scientific simulation of light, human vision and physics-based visualization, for acombined purchase price of ~~$291.0~~these other acquisitions was $138.6 million, paid in cash. The acquisition extends the Company's portfolio into the area of optical simulation to provide comprehensive sensor solutions, covering visible and infrared light, electromagnetics and acoustics for camera, radar and lidar.

The operating results of each acquisition have been included in ~~the Company's~~our condensed consolidated financial statements since each respective date of acquisition. ~~The effects of~~

See Note 16, Subsequent Event, for more information on the ~~business combinations were not material to the Company's consolidated results of operations individually or in the aggregate.~~Lumerical acquisition.


5.	Other Receivables and Current Assets, Other Accrued Expenses and Liabilities, and Other Long-Term Liabilities

~~The Company's~~Our other receivables and current assets, other accrued expenses and liabilities, and other long-term liabilities comprise the following balances:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Receivables related to unrecognized revenue	$	129,917	$	167,144	$	141,012	$	177,679
Income taxes receivable, including overpayments and refunds	13,662		13,709		46,656		26,672
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	43,078		35,260		47,897		45,268
Total other receivables and current assets	$	186,657	$	216,113	$	235,565	$	249,619

Payroll-related accruals					$	32,802	$	15,603
Accrued vacation					27,905		24,336
Consumption, VAT and sales tax liabilities					17,536		36,398
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities					61,254		66,610
Total other accrued expenses and liabilities					$	139,497	$	142,947

Uncertain tax positions					$	66,188	$	64,375
Other long-term liabilities					29,985		32,051
Total other long-term liabilities					$	96,173	$	96,426

Receivables ~~for~~related to unrecognized revenue represent the current portion of billings made for customer contracts that have not yet been recognized as revenue.


6.	Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (EPS) amounts are computed by dividing earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS amounts assume the issuance of common stock for all potentially dilutive equivalents ~~outstanding using the treasury stock method.~~outstanding. To the extent stock awards are anti-dilutive, they are excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS.

The details of basic and diluted EPS are as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019
Net income	$	86,230	$	84,280	$	46,064	$	86,230
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic	83,764		83,931		85,798		83,764
Dilutive effect of stock plans	1,729		2,221		1,571		1,729
Weighted average shares outstanding – diluted	85,493		86,152		87,369		85,493
Basic earnings per share	$	1.03	$	1.00	$	0.54	$	1.03
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.01	$	0.98	$	0.53	$	1.01
Anti-dilutive shares	—		—		28		—


7.	Goodwill and Intangible Assets

~~The Company's intangible~~Intangible assets ~~and estimated useful lives~~ are classified as follows:


	March 31, 2019					December 31, 2018					March 31, 2020					December 31, 2019
(in thousands)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Finite-lived intangible assets:
Developed software and core technologies (3 – 15 years)	$	450,361	$	(318,209	)	$	410,680	$	(314,730	)
Customer lists and contract backlog (5 – 15 years)	238,629		(120,682		)	209,031		(117,614		)
Trade names (2 – 10 years)	142,409		(114,538		)	137,225		(113,677		)
Developed software and core technologies											$	632,413	$	(340,790	)	$	635,063	$	(332,622	)
Customer lists and contract backlog											266,931		(136,109		)	269,629		(132,596		)
Trade names											153,690		(118,356		)	154,259		(117,379		)
Total	$	831,399	$	(553,429	)	$	756,936	$	(546,021	)	$	1,053,034	$	(595,255	)	$	1,058,951	$	(582,597	)
Indefinite-lived intangible asset:
Trade name	$	357				$	357				$	357				$	357

Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives of two years to seventeen years. Amortization expense for the intangible assets reflected above was ~~$8.3~~$13.7 million and ~~$12.2~~$8.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, ~~and 2018,~~ respectively.

As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, estimated future amortization expense for the intangible assets reflected above iswas as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2019	$	25,433
2020	36,001
Remainder of 2020			$	40,713
2021	33,709		52,884
2022	32,306		53,099
2023	30,442		52,009
2024	27,932		50,046
2025			45,846
Thereafter	92,147		163,182
Total intangible assets subject to amortization	277,970		457,779
Indefinite-lived trade name	357		357
Other intangible assets, net	$	278,327	$	458,136

The changes in goodwill during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 were as follows:


(in thousands)	2019			2018		2020			2019
Beginning balance – January 1	$	1,572,455		$	1,378,553	$	2,413,280		$	1,572,455
Acquisitions and adjustments⁽¹⁾	181,201			—		(336		)	181,201
Currency translation	(5,428		)	905		(14,260		)	(5,428		)
Ending balance – March 31	$	1,748,228		$	1,379,458	$	2,398,684		$	1,748,228

⁽¹⁾ In accordance with the accounting for business combinations, ~~the Company~~we recorded adjustments to goodwill for the effect of changes in the provisional fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed during the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) as ~~the Company~~we obtained new information about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the measurement of the amounts recognized as of that date.

During the first quarter of ~~2019, the Company~~2020, we completed the annual impairment test for goodwill and the indefinite-lived intangible asset and determined that these assets had not been impaired as of the test date, January 1, ~~2019.~~2020. Given the adverse economic and market conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we considered a variety of qualitative factors to determine if an additional quantitative impairment test was required subsequent to our annual impairment test. Based on a variety of factors, including the excess of the fair value over the carrying amount in the most recent impairment test, we determined it was not more likely than not that an impairment exists. No other events or circumstances changed during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 that would indicate that the fair values of ~~the Company's~~our reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible asset are below their carrying amounts.


8.	Fair Value Measurement

The valuation hierarchy for disclosure of assets and liabilities reported at fair value prioritizes the inputs for such valuations into three broad levels:

Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2: quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument; or

Level 3: unobservable inputs based on ~~the Company's~~our own assumptions used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.

~~The~~A financial asset's or liability's classification ~~of a financial asset or liability~~ within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The following tables provide the assets carried at fair value and measured on a recurring basis:


			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:								Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
(in thousands)	March 31, 2019		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		March 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets
Cash equivalents	$	227,560	$	227,560	$	—	$	—	$	118,611	$	118,611	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments	$	237	$	—	$	237	$	—	$	282	$	—	$	282	$	—
Deferred compensation plan investments	$	2,138	$	2,138	$	—	$	—	$	1,113	$	1,113	$	—	$	—


			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:								Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
(in thousands)	December 31, 2018		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		December 31, 2019		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets
Cash equivalents	$	446,055	$	446,055	$	—	$	—	$	322,455	$	322,455	$	—	$	—
Short-term investments	$	225	$	—	$	225	$	—	$	288	$	—	$	288	$	—
Deferred compensation plan investments	$	1,646	$	1,646	$	—	$	—	$	1,110	$	1,110	$	—	$	—

The cash equivalents in the preceding tables represent money market funds, valued at net asset value, with carrying values which approximate their fair values because of their short-term nature.

The short-term investments in the preceding tables represent deposits held by certain foreign ~~subsidiaries of the Company.~~subsidiaries. The deposits have fixed interest rates with original maturities ranging from three months to one year.

The deferred compensation plan investments in the preceding tables represent trading securities held in a rabbi trust for the benefit of ~~the~~ non-employee ~~Directors.~~directors who elected to diversify their vested deferred stock awards. These securities consist of mutual funds traded in an active market with quoted prices. As a result, the plan assets are classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The plan assets are recorded within other long-term assets on ~~the Company's~~our condensed consolidated balance sheets.


9.	Leases

~~The Company~~We primarily ~~has~~have operating leases for office space and leased cars included in ~~its ROU~~our right-of-use (ROU) assets and lease liabilities. ~~The Company's~~Our executive offices and those related to certain domestic product development, marketing, production and administration are located in a 186,000 square foot office facility in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The term of the lease is 183 months, which began on October 1, 2014 and expires on December 31, 2029. The lease agreement includes options to renew the contract through August 2044, an option to lease additional space in January 2025 and an option to terminate the lease in December 2025. No options are included in the lease liability as renewal is not reasonably certain. In addition, ~~the Company is~~we are reasonably certain itwe will not terminate the lease agreement. Absent the exercise of options in the lease, ~~the Company's~~our base rent

~~(inclusive~~ (inclusive of property taxes and certain operating costs) iswas $4.3 million per annum for the first five years of the lease term, $4.5 million per annum for years six through ten and $4.7 million per annum for years eleven through fifteen.

The components of ~~the Company's~~our global lease cost reflected in the condensed consolidated statements of income ~~for the three months ended March 31, 2019~~ are as follows:


			Three Months Ended
(in thousands)			March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019
Lease liability cost	$	5,285	$	6,218	$	5,285
Variable lease cost not included in the lease liability⁽¹⁾	797		1,097		797
Total lease cost	$	6,082	$	7,315	$	6,082

⁽¹⁾ Variable lease cost includes common area maintenance, property taxes, utilities and fluctuations in rent due to a change in an index or rate.

~~Lease cost totaled $4.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~

Other information related to operating leases ~~for the three months ended March 31, 2019~~ is as follows:


				Three Months Ended
(in thousands)				March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of the lease liability:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	(4,332	)	$	(5,733	)	$	(4,332	)
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	13,835		$	19,601		$	13,835

As of March 31, 2020, the weighted-average remaining lease term of operating leases was 8.0 years, and the weighted-average discount rate of operating leases was 3.4%. As of March 31, 2019, the weighted-average remaining lease term of operating leases was 8.0 years, and the weighted-average discount rate of operating leases was 3.3%.

The maturity schedule of the operating lease liabilities as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 is as follows:


(in thousands)
Remainder of 2019	$	15,081
2020	18,043
Remainder of 2020				$	16,872
2021	15,756			22,072
2022	13,415			19,119
2023	9,676			14,861
2024				14,159
Thereafter	46,749			57,512
Total future lease payments	118,720			144,595
Less: Present value adjustment	(16,195		)	(18,866		)
Present value of future lease payments⁽¹⁾	$	102,525		$	125,729

⁽¹⁾Includes the current portion of operating lease liabilities of ~~$15.3~~$18.7 million, which is reflected in other accrued expenses and liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

There were no material leases that have been signed but not yet commenced as of March 31, ~~2019.~~

~~The future minimum lease payments under ASC 840, including termination fees, under noncancellable operating leases for office space in effect at December 31, 2018 were as follows:~~

(in thousands)
2019 $ 16,354
2020 12,469
2021 10,177
2022 8,523
2023 6,809
Thereafter 14,267
Total $ 68,599

2020.


10.	Debt

In February 2019, ~~the Company~~we entered into a credit agreement for a $500 million unsecured revolving credit facility, which includes a $50 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit, with Bank of America, N.A. as the Administrative Agent. The revolving credit facility becomes payable in full on February 22, 2024 and is available for general corporate purposes, including, among others, to finance acquisitions and capital ~~expenditures~~expenditures.

In connection with the acquisition of LST, we amended our existing credit agreement (amended credit agreement). The amendment provided for a new $500.0 million unsecured term loan facility to finance the acquisition. The term loan was funded on November 1, 2019 and ~~becomes~~matures on November 1, 2024. Principal on the term loan will be payable on the last business day of each fiscal quarter commencing with the ninth full fiscal quarter after the funding date at a rate of 1.25% per quarter, increasing to 2.50% per quarter after the next four fiscal quarters. We repaid $75.0 million of the unsecured term loan balance in ~~full on February 22, 2024.~~January 2020 prior to the scheduled maturity dates in 2022 ($25.0 million) and 2023 ($50.0 million).

Borrowings under the ~~revolving~~amended credit ~~facility~~agreement will accrue interest at the Eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin or at the base rate, at our election. For the quarter ended March 31, 2020, we elected to apply the Eurodollar rate. The base rate is the applicable margin plus the highest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.500%, (ii) the Bank of America prime rate and (iii) the Eurodollar rate plus 1.000%. The applicable margin for these borrowings is a percentage per annum based on the lower of (1) a pricing level determined by ~~the Company’s~~our then-current consolidated leverage ratio and (2) a pricing level determined by ~~the Company’s~~our debt ratings (if such debt ratings exist). This results in a margin ranging from 1.125% to 1.750% and 0.125% to 0.750% for the Eurodollar rate and base rate, respectively. The weighted-average interest rate in effect during the three months ended March 31, 2020 was 3.025%. As of March 31, 2020, the rate in effect was 2.575%.

The amended credit agreement contains language in the event the Eurodollar rate is not available due to LIBOR changes. If this occurs, the base rate will be used for borrowings. However, we may work with the Administrative Agent to amend the agreement to replace the Eurodollar rate with (i) one or more rates based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR); or (ii) another alternative benchmark rate, subject to the lenders' approval.

The amended credit agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The amended credit agreement also contains a financial covenant requiring ~~the Company and its subsidiaries~~us to maintain a consolidated leverage ratio of indebtedness to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ofnot exceeding 3.50 to 1.00 as of the end of any fiscal quarter (for the four-quarter period ending on such date) with an opportunity for a temporary increase in such consolidated leverage ratio to 4.00 to 1.00 upon the consummation of certain qualified acquisitions for which the aggregate consideration is at least $250 million.

The credit agreement will terminate and all amounts owing thereunder will be due and payable on February 22, 2024 unless (i) the commitments are terminated earlier upon the occurrence of certain events, including an event of default, or (ii) the maturity date is further extended upon the Company's request, subject to the agreement of the lenders.

As of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were no outstanding borrowings under the unsecured revolving credit agreement, and the ~~Company~~carrying value of the term loan was $423.6 million, which is net of $1.4 million of unamortized debt issuance costs, and $498.5 million, which is net of $1.5 million of unamortized debt issuance costs, respectively. The $425.0 million balance of the term loan becomes payable in full on November 1, 2024. We were in compliance with all ~~covenants.~~covenants as of March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.


11.	Income Taxes

Our income before income tax provision, income tax (benefit) provision and effective tax rates were as follows:



	Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except percentages)	March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Income before income tax provision	$	33,324		$	98,666
Income tax (benefit) provision	$	(12,740	)	$	12,436
Effective tax rate	(38.2		)%	12.6		%

Tax expense for the first quarter of 2020 benefited due to increased stock compensation benefits, many of which were recognized discretely in the first quarter. Although our expected annualized effective tax rate remains positive for the year, these tax benefits were in excess of tax expense at the annualized rate for the quarter, causing a net tax benefit.


12.	Stock Repurchase Program

Under ~~the Company's~~our stock repurchase program, ~~the Company~~we repurchased shares as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019
Number of shares repurchased	250		750		690		250
Average price paid per share	$	179.42	$	157.11	$	233.48	$	179.42
Total cost	$	44,856	$	117,831	$	161,029	$	44,856

~~In February 2018, the Company's Board of Directors increased the number of shares authorized for repurchase to a total of 5.0 million shares under the stock repurchase program.~~ As of March 31, ~~2019, 3.6~~2020, 2.8 million shares remained available for repurchase under the program.


~~12.~~13.	Stock-Based Compensation

Total stock-based compensation expense and its net impact on basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows:


	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Cost of sales:
Maintenance and service	$	1,228		$	1,010		$	2,866		$	1,228
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	13,131			8,278			15,144			13,131
Research and development	9,441			5,981			12,931			9,441
Stock-based compensation expense before taxes	23,800			15,269			30,941			23,800
Related income tax benefits	(11,076		)	(11,304		)	(25,906		)	(11,076		)
Stock-based compensation expense, net of taxes	$	12,724		$	3,965		$	5,035		$	12,724
Net impact on earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share	$	(0.15	)	$	(0.05	)	$	(0.06	)	$	(0.15	)
Diluted earnings per share	$	(0.15	)	$	(0.05	)	$	(0.06	)	$	(0.15	)


~~13.~~14.	Geographic Information

Revenue to external customers is attributed to individual countries based upon the location of the customer. Revenue by geographic area is as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019
United States	$	140,662	$	98,765	$	125,113	$	140,662
Japan	33,573		30,601		37,359		33,573
Germany	30,427		45,538		30,097		30,427
South Korea					15,561		15,078
France	15,609		16,552		15,469		15,609
South Korea	15,078		15,054
Other Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA)	44,255		43,018		43,841		44,255
Other international	37,526		33,345		37,545		37,526
Total revenue	$	317,130	$	282,873	$	304,985	$	317,130

Property and equipment by geographic area is as follows:


(in thousands)	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
United States	$	47,219	$	46,605	$	57,954	$	59,473
France					5,469		3,657
India	4,217		4,176		4,998		5,660
EMEA	8,148		7,120
Germany					4,025		4,237
United Kingdom					3,842		4,194
Other EMEA					2,000		1,875
Other international	3,717		3,754		4,183		4,540
Total property and equipment, net	$	63,301	$	61,655	$	82,471	$	83,636


~~14.~~15.	Contingencies and Commitments

~~The Company is~~We are subject to various investigations, claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business, including commercial disputes, labor and employment matters, tax audits, alleged infringement of intellectual property rights and other matters. In ~~the~~our opinion, ~~of the Company,~~ the resolution of pending matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on ~~the Company's~~our condensed consolidated results of operations, cash flows or financial position. However, each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties and it is possible that an unfavorable resolution of one or more of these proceedings could materially affect ~~the Company's~~our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.

AnOur Indian subsidiary ~~of the Company~~ has several service tax audits pending that have resulted in formal inquiries being received on transactions through mid-2012. ~~The Company~~We could incur tax charges and related liabilities of approximately ~~$7.2~~$6.9 million. As such charges are not probable, a reserve has not been recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2020. The service tax issues raised in ~~the Company’s~~our notices and inquiries are very similar to the case, M/s Microsoft Corporation (I) (P) Ltd. Vs. Commissioner of Service Tax, New Delhi, wherein the Delhi Customs, Excise and Service Tax Appellate Tribunal (CESTAT) ~~passed~~issued a favorable ruling to Microsoft. The ~~Company~~Microsoft ruling was subsequently challenged in the Supreme Court by the Indian tax authority. We can provide no assurances ~~on whether the Microsoft case's favorable ruling will be challenged in higher courts or~~ on the impact that the present Microsoft case’s decision will have on ~~the Company’s~~our cases. ~~The Company is~~We are uncertain as to when these service tax matters will be concluded.

~~The Company sells~~We sell software licenses and services to ~~its~~our customers under ~~proprietary software license~~contractual agreements. ~~Each license agreement contains the relevant terms of the contractual arrangement with the customer, and~~Such agreements generally ~~includes~~include certain provisions ~~for~~ indemnifying the customer against ~~losses, expenses and liabilities~~claims of intellectual property infringement by third parties arising from ~~damages that are incurred by~~such customer’s usage of our products or ~~awarded against the customer in the event the Company's software or services are found to infringe upon a patent, copyright or other proprietary right of a third party.~~services. To date, ~~the Company has not had to reimburse any of its customers for any losses~~payments related to these indemnification provisions ~~and no material claims asserted under these indemnification provisions are outstanding as of March 31, 2019.~~have been immaterial. For several reasons, including the lack of prior material indemnification claims, ~~the Company~~we cannot determine the maximum amount of potential future payments, if any, related to such indemnification provisions.


~~15.~~16.	Subsequent Event

~~In May 2019,~~

On April 1, 2020, we acquired 100% of the ~~Company~~shares of Lumerical Inc. (Lumerical), a leading developer of photonic design and simulation tools, for a purchase price of approximately $107.5 million, paid in cash. The acquisition will add best-in-class photonic products to our multiphysics portfolio, providing customers with a full set of solutions to solve their next-generation product challenges. Due to the limited time since the acquisition date, the initial accounting for the business combination is incomplete. As a result, we are unable to provide the amounts recognized as of the acquisition date for the major classes of assets acquired ~~certain assets~~ and liabilities of DfR Solutions for approximately $41.0 million. The acquisition of DfR Solutions' electronics reliability technology, combined with the Company's existing comprehensive multiphysics portfolio, will give customers a complete designer-level solution to analyze for electronics failure earlier in the design cycle.assumed.

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of ANSYS, Inc.

Results of Review of Interim Financial Information

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet of ANSYS, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the related condensed consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows, and stockholders’ equity for the three-month periods ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “interim financial information"). Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying interim financial information for it to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheet of the Company as of December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein); and in our report dated February ~~28, 2019,~~27, 2020, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

Basis for Review Results

This interim financial information is the responsibility of the Company's management. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our ~~review~~reviews in accordance with standards of the PCAOB. A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB, the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

May ~~2, 2019~~6, 2020

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Overview:

Impact of COVID-19

At the onset of the crisis, we took action to enable our employees to work from home. We have temporarily closed our global Ansys offices in North America, Asia and Europe, including our corporate headquarters in the United States, and implemented certain travel restrictions, both of which have disrupted how we operate our business. We have subsequently reopened all of our offices in China and South Korea using a phased approach, as the situation has improved. Remote work arrangements have not adversely affected our ability to maintain effective financial operations, including our financial reporting systems, internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures. We expect to continue to maintain these effective controls as we continue to work remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The impact from the rapidly changing market and economic conditions due to the recent COVID-19 outbreak is uncertain, disrupting the business of our customers and partners, and will impact our business and consolidated results of operations. Our current expectations are subject to significant uncertainty and dependent upon how widespread the virus becomes, the duration and severity of its impact, the geographic markets affected, the actions taken by governmental authorities, including the shelter-in-place orders, and other factors. Further spreading of the virus or economic deterioration caused by the virus could have a material adverse impact on our business, as well as on our ability to achieve the financial guidance. We are monitoring our discretionary spending and making adjustments to help mitigate the negative impacts of COVID-19 on our business in the short-term. At the same time, we continue to invest in projects that are critical to our long-term growth such as our customer relationship management (CRM) and human resource management system (HRMS) projects.

Please see "Note About Forward-Looking Statements" and "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item IIA of our 2019 Form 10-K and Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for discussion on additional business risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Overall GAAP and Non-GAAP Results

~~The Company's~~Our growth rates of GAAP and non-GAAP results for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 as compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2018~~2019 were as follows:


	GAAP		Non-GAAP		GAAP		Non-GAAP
Revenue	12.1	%	12.9	%	(3.8	)%	(3.4	)%
Operating income	0.6	%	7.7	%	(64.4	)%	(34.0	)%
Diluted earnings per share	3.1	%	7.5	%	(47.5	)%	(35.7	)%

~~The Company~~We experienced ~~higher~~a decline in revenue during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from reductions in software license revenue, partially offset by growth in ~~lease licenses,~~ maintenance and service ~~while~~ revenue and by contributions from ~~perpetual licenses decreased.~~our recent acquisitions. The ~~Company~~outbreak of COVID-19 also adversely impacted our revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Due to our diverse customer base, both from a vertical and geographic perspective, as well as the close relationships with customers that enabled us to close a large amount of business remotely, we were successful at partially mitigating the impacts of the COVID-19 outbreak.

We also experienced increased operating expenses primarily due to increased personnel costs, higher stock-based compensation and additional operating expenses related to acquisitions. The COVID-19 outbreak did not have a material impact on our operating expenses during the ~~OPTIS acquisition, partially offset by~~three months ended March 31, 2020. A significant portion of our operating costs are fixed. As a result, when our revenue fluctuates due to timing of multi-year contracts or macro-economic factors such as COVID-19, there is a corresponding and direct impact on our operating income and diluted earnings per share. Given the reduction in ~~expenses due to~~our

revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2020, we experienced a ~~stronger U.S. Dollar.~~decline in both operating income and diluted earnings per share, as shown above.

The non-GAAP results exclude the income statement effects of the acquisition accounting ~~adjustment~~adjustments to deferred revenue, stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, transaction costs related to business combinations, and adjustments related to the transition tax associated with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. For further disclosure regarding non-GAAP results, see the section titled "Non-GAAP ~~Results" immediately preceding the section titled "Liquidity and Capital Resources.~~Results."

Impact of Foreign Currency

~~The Company's~~Our comparative financial results were impacted by fluctuations in the U.S. Dollar during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 as compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. The impacts on ~~the Company's~~our revenue and operating income due to currency fluctuations are reflected in the table below. Amounts in brackets indicate ~~a net~~an adverse impact from currency fluctuations.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019						Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
(in thousands)	GAAP			Non-GAAP			GAAP			Non-GAAP
Revenue	$	(9,158	)	$	(9,281	)	$	(2,590	)	$	(2,596	)
Operating income	$	(3,143	)	$	(3,504	)	$	(261	)	$	(371	)

In constant currency,⁽¹⁾~~, the Company's~~ our growth rates⁽²⁾ were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019				Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	GAAP		Non-GAAP		GAAP		Non-GAAP
Revenue	15.3	%	16.2	%	(3.0	)%	(2.6	)%
Operating income	3.9	%	10.4	%	(64.1	)%	(33.7	)%

⁽¹⁾Constant currency amounts exclude the ~~effect~~effects of foreign currency fluctuations on the reported results. To present this information, the ~~2019~~2020 results for entities whose functional currency is a currency other than the U.S. Dollar were converted to U.S. Dollars at rates that were in effect for the ~~2018~~2019 comparable period, rather than the actual exchange rates in effect for ~~2019.~~

⁽²⁾~~The constant~~2020. Constant currency growth rates are calculated by adjusting the ~~2019~~2020 reported revenue and operating income amounts by the ~~2019~~2020 currency fluctuation impacts ~~in the table above~~ and comparing to the ~~2018~~2019 comparable period reported revenue and operating income amounts.

Other Key Business Metric

Annual Contract Value (ACV) is one of our key performance metrics and is useful to investors in assessing the strength and trajectory of our business. It is used by management in financial and operational decision-making and in setting sales targets used for compensation. ACV should be viewed independently of revenue and deferred revenue as ACV is a performance metric and is not intended to be combined with any of these items. There is no GAAP measure comparable to ACV. ACV is composed of the following:

the annualized value of maintenance and lease contracts with start dates or anniversary dates during the period, plus

the value of perpetual license contracts with start dates during the period, plus

the annualized value of fixed-term services contracts with start dates or anniversary dates during the period, plus

the value of work performed during the period on fixed-deliverable services contracts.

Our ACV was as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2020		2019		Amount			%		Constant Currency %
ACV	$	301,050	$	303,490	$	(2,440	)	(0.8	)	0.4

Other Financial Information

~~The Company’s~~Our financial position includes ~~$607.6~~$718.0 million in cash and short-term investments, and working capital of ~~$559.4~~$753.6 million as of March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, the Company~~2020, we repurchased ~~0.3~~0.7 million shares for ~~$44.9~~$161.0 million at an average price of ~~$179.42~~$233.48 per share.

Business:

~~ANSYS~~Ansys, a Delaware corporation formed in 1994, develops and globally markets engineering simulation software and services widely used by engineers, designers, researchers and students across a broad spectrum of industries and academia, including aerospace and defense, automotive, electronics, semiconductors, energy, materials and chemical processing, turbomachinery, consumer products, healthcare, and sports. Headquartered south of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, ~~the Company~~we employed approximately ~~3,700~~4,200 people as of March 31, ~~2019. ANSYS focuses~~2020. We focus on the development of open and flexible solutions that enable users to analyze designs directly on the desktop, providing a common platform for fast, efficient and cost-conscious product development, from design concept to final-stage testing and validation. ~~The Company distributes its~~We distribute our suite of simulation technologies through a global network of independent resellers and distributors (collectively, channel ~~partners~~partners) and direct sales offices in strategic, global locations. It is ~~the Company’s~~our intention to continue to maintain this hybrid sales and distribution model.

~~The Company licenses its~~We license our technology to businesses, educational institutions and governmental agencies. Growth in ~~the Company’s~~our revenue is affected by the strength of global economies, general business conditions, currency exchange rate fluctuations, customer budgetary constraints and the competitive position of ~~the Company’s~~our products. ~~The Company believes~~We believe that the features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of ~~its~~our software products are as strong as they have ever been. However, the software business is generally characterized by long sales cycles. These long sales cycles increase the difficulty of predicting sales for any particular quarter. ~~The Company makes~~We make many operational and strategic decisions based upon short- and long-term sales forecasts that are impacted not only by these long sales cycles, but also by current global economic ~~conditions.~~conditions, including the impact of the current COVID-19 outbreak. As a result, ~~the Company believes~~we believe that ~~its~~our overall performance is best measured by ~~fiscal-year~~fiscal year results rather than by quarterly results.

~~The Company’s management~~Management considers the competition and price pressure that it faces in the short- and long-term by focusing on expanding the breadth, depth, ease of use and quality of the technologies, features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of ~~its~~our software products as compared to ~~its~~our competitors; investing in research and development to develop new and innovative products and increase the capabilities of ~~its~~our existing products; supplying new products and services; focusing on customer needs, training, consulting and support; and enhancing ~~its~~our distribution channels. ~~From time to time, the Company~~We also ~~considers~~consider acquisitions to supplement ~~its~~our global engineering talent, product offerings and distribution channels.

Geographic Trends:

The following table presents ~~the Company's~~our geographic constant currency revenue growth during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 as compared to the three months ended March 31, ~~2018:~~2019:



	Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020
Americas	~~41.1~~(10.2	)%
EMEA	1.3	%
~~EMEA~~	~~(7.8~~	)%
Asia-Pacific	~~12.2~~5.2	%
Total	~~15.3~~(3.0	)%

The ~~Company continues~~negative growth experienced in the Americas is primarily due to an expected and significant reduction in multi-year lease contracts.

We continue to focus on a number of sales improvement activities across the geographic regions, including sales hiring, pipeline building, productivity initiatives and customer engagement activities.

Continued trade tensions between the U.S. and China, together with the uncertainty around the COVID-19 outbreak, may further restrict our ability to sell and distribute our products to certain customers and our ability to collect against existing trade receivables and could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition. Refer to additional details in Part I, Item 1A of our 2019 Form 10-K as supplemented by Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Industry Commentary:

The ~~Company experienced~~strong high-tech and automotive industry trends ~~consistent~~from 2019 continued into the first quarter of 2020. In these industries, our solutions that support key initiatives of autonomy, electrification and 5G continue to resonate with ~~those~~our customers. The complexity and cost associated with developing and certifying 5G technology continues to drive investments in simulation from the ~~second half~~high-tech and semiconductor technology providers. In addition, the energy industry, particularly oil and gas, suffered from the combined effects of ~~2018. The high-tech industry remained strong as companies continue to innovate~~a substantial oil price contraction and ~~invest~~the impact of COVID-19. Already in ~~smart connected products, 5G and artificial intelligence. The growing importance of data centers also bolstered~~a low growth cycle, this is a significant challenge for the industry ~~as companies gear up~~overall. Despite the challenges in this industry, we have continued to ~~address the coming data deluge from pervasive connectivity. The automotive industry continued its momentum due to continued investments in autonomous vehicles~~focus on strategic initiatives and ~~electrification. Aerospace~~work with our energy customers on their digital transformation journeys, additive manufacturing and ~~defense was strengthened by an increase in defense spending on next-generation systems, particularly in the United States.~~design optimization.

~~Note About Forward-Looking Statements~~Use of Estimates:

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the three months ended March 31, 2019, and with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2018 included in the 2018 Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company’s discussion and analysis of its financial condition and results of operations are based upon the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires ~~the Company~~us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, ~~the Company evaluates its~~we evaluate our estimates, including those related to ~~the~~ fair values of stock awards, bad debts, contract revenue, acquired deferred revenue, the standalone selling prices of ~~its~~our products and services, the valuation of goodwill and other intangible assets, deferred compensation, income taxes, uncertain tax positions, tax valuation reserves, operating lease assets and liabilities, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, and contingencies and litigation. ~~The Company bases its~~We base our estimates on historical experience, market experience, estimated future cash flows and various other assumptions that management believes are ~~believed to be~~ reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily ~~available~~apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Note About Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including, but not limited to, the following statements, as well as statements that contain such words as "anticipates," "intends," "believes," "plans" and other similar expressions:

~~The Company's~~Our expectations regarding the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our expectations regarding the impacts of new accounting guidance.

~~The Company's~~Our expectations regarding the outcome of our service tax audit cases.

Our assessment of the ultimate liabilities arising from various investigations, claims and legal proceedings.

Our expectations regarding future claims related to indemnification obligations.

Our intentions regarding our hybrid sales and distribution model.

Our statement regarding the strength of the features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of our software products.

Our belief that our overall performance is best measured by fiscal-year results rather than by quarterly results.

Our expectations regarding increased lease license volatility due to an increased customer preference for time-based licenses.

Our estimates regarding the expected impact on reported revenue related to the acquisition accounting treatment of deferred revenue.

~~The Company's expectations regarding the outcome of its service tax audit cases.~~

~~The Company's assessment of the ultimate liabilities arising from various investigations, claims and legal proceedings.~~

~~The Company's expectations regarding future claims related to indemnification obligations.~~

~~The Company's intentions regarding its hybrid sales and distribution model.~~

~~The Company's statement regarding the strength of the features, functionality and integrated multiphysics capabilities of its software products.~~

~~The Company's belief that its overall performance is best measured by fiscal-year results rather than by quarterly results.~~

~~The Company's expectations regarding increased lease license volatility due to an increased customer preference for time-based licenses.~~

~~The Company's~~Our expectation that itwe will continue to make targeted investments in ~~its~~our global sales and marketing organizations and ~~its~~our global business infrastructure to enhance and support ~~its~~our revenue-generating activities.

~~The Company's~~Our intentions related to investments in research and development, particularly as it relates to expanding the ease of use and capabilities of ~~its~~our broad portfolio of simulation software products.

~~The Company's~~Our expectations regarding the accelerated development of new and innovative products to the marketplace while lowering design and engineering costs for customers as a result of our acquisitions.

Our statements regarding the impact of global economic conditions.

Our intention to repatriate previously taxed earnings in excess of working capital needs and to reinvest all other earnings of ~~its~~our non-U.S. subsidiaries.

~~The Company's~~Our plans related to future capital spending.

The sufficiency of existing cash and cash equivalent balances to meet future working capital and capital expenditure requirements.

~~The Company's~~Our belief that the best uses of ~~its~~our excess cash are to invest in the business and to repurchase stock in order to both offset dilution and return capital to stockholders, in excess of ~~its~~our requirements, with the goal of increasing stockholder value.

~~The Company's~~Our intentions related to investments in complementary companies, products, services and technologies.

~~The Company's~~Our expectation that changes in currency exchange rates will affect ~~the Company's~~our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

~~The Company’s~~

Our expectations regarding acquisitions and integrating such acquired companies to realize the benefits of cost reductions and other synergies relating thereto.

Forward-looking statements should not be unduly relied upon because they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, some of which are beyond ~~the Company’s~~our control. ~~The Company’s~~Our actual results could differ materially from those set forth in forward-looking statements. Certain factors, among others, that might cause such a difference include risks and uncertainties disclosed in ~~the Company’s 2018~~our 2019 Form 10-K, Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors." Information regarding any new risk factors or material changes to these risk factors has been included within Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2018~~2019

Revenue:


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Change							Three Months Ended March 31,				Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	2019		2018		Amount			%		Constant Currency %		2020		2019		Amount			%		Constant Currency %
Revenue:
Lease licenses	$	69,256	$	48,772	$	20,484		42.0		44.9		$	44,874	$	69,256	$	(24,382	)	(35.2	)	(35.0	)
Perpetual licenses	53,788		61,274		(7,486		)	(12.2	)	(9.3	)	42,956		53,788		(10,832		)	(20.1	)	(19.5	)
Software licenses	123,044		110,046		12,998			11.8		14.7		87,830		123,044		(35,214		)	(28.6	)	(28.2	)
Maintenance	181,461		163,896		17,565			10.7		14.1		200,488		181,461		19,027			10.5		11.6
Service	12,625		8,931		3,694			41.4		46.0		16,667		12,625		4,042			32.0		33.0
Maintenance and service	194,086		172,827		21,259			12.3		15.8		217,155		194,086		23,069			11.9		12.9
Total revenue	$	317,130	$	282,873	$	34,257		12.1		15.3		$	304,985	$	317,130	$	(12,145	)	(3.8	)	(3.0	)

~~The Company’s~~Our revenue in the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 increased 12.1%~~2020 decreased 3.8% as compared to the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018,~~2019, while revenue ~~grew 15.3%~~decreased 3.0% in constant currency. The ~~growth rate~~volume of multi-year lease contracts, the shifting preference of customers toward time-based licensing, the trade restrictions between the United States and China and the impact of COVID-19, specifically within Asia, each contributed to the first quarter adverse revenue variance reflected in the results above. The overall decrease was ~~favorably impacted~~partially offset by ~~the Company’s~~our continued ~~investment~~investments in ~~its~~our global sales, support and marketing organizations, as well as ~~its~~our 2019 acquisitions. Lease license revenue ~~increased 42.0%~~decreased 35.2%, or ~~44.9%~~35.0% in constant currency, as compared to the prior-year quarter, driven primarily by ~~an increase~~a decrease in multi-year lease contracts. Perpetual license revenue, which is derived primarily from new sales during the quarter, decreased 20.1%, or 19.5% in constant currency, as compared to the prior-year quarter. Annual maintenance contracts that were sold with new perpetual licenses, maintenance contracts for new perpetual licenses sold in previous quarters and the maintenance portion of lease license contracts ~~each~~collectively contributed to maintenance revenue growth of ~~10.7%~~10.5%, or ~~14.1%~~11.6% in constant currency. Service revenue, driven primarily by a focus on service offerings that provide ~~on-site~~ mentorship on simulation best practices, training and expanding simulation adoption, increased ~~41.4%~~32.0%, or ~~46.0% in constant currency, as compared to the prior-year quarter. Perpetual license revenue, which is derived primarily from new sales during the quarter, decreased 12.2%, or 9.3%~~33.0% in constant currency, as compared to the prior-year quarter.

With respect to revenue, on average for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, the U.S. Dollar was approximately 6.0% stronger, when measured against the Company’s primary foreign currencies, than for the quarter ended March 31, 2018. The table below presents the impacts of currency fluctuations on revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. Amounts in brackets indicate an adverse impact from currency fluctuations.

(in thousands) Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Euro $ (5,986 )
Japanese Yen (799 )
South Korean Won (644 )
British Pound (637 )
Indian Rupee (581 )
Other (511 )
Total $ (9,158 )

~~The net overall stronger U.S. Dollar also resulted in decreased operating income of $3.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2018.~~

~~The Company continues~~We continue to experience increased interest by some of ~~its~~our larger customers in enterprise agreements that often include longer-term, time-based licenses involving a larger number of ~~the Company's~~our software products. While these arrangements typically involve a higher overall transaction price, the upfront recognition of license revenue related to these larger, multi-year transactions can result in significantly higher lease license revenue and corresponding revenue growth volatility. As software products, across a large variety of applications and industries, become increasingly distributed in software-as-a-service, cloud and other subscription environments in which the licensing approach is time-based rather than perpetual, ~~the Company is~~we are also experiencing a shifting preference from perpetual licenses to time-based licenses across a broader spectrum of ~~its~~our customers. This shifting preference was elevated in the first quarter as a result of the economic impacts of COVID-19. We expect that shifting preference to continue through at least the second and third quarters of 2020.

In relation to COVID-19 and our revenue, we currently expect the most significant business disruption to occur in the second quarter. During much of the quarter, our teams and those of our customers will likely continue working remotely. As a result of social distancing, our demand generation events and those of our channel partners have been canceled. While we have adjusted to have a stronger digital focus for demand generation, we expect the absence of certain events to have an adverse impact on our results, especially for certain channel partners. In addition, we expect there to be a significant delay in the timing of closing certain transactions, and closing the larger enterprise-type deals may be especially difficult. These deals are often multi-year leases which have a significant impact on our operating results due to up-front revenue recognition of the license. We anticipate that customers will delay certain purchases to later in the year. We also anticipate some deterioration in renewal rates among our smaller customers, particularly small- and medium-sized businesses, with the largest adverse impact to occur during the second quarter. We expect a modest recovery in the business environment during the third quarter as people return to work and businesses begin to resume their operations. The third quarter business environment is expected to be stronger than that of the second quarter, but will remain adversely impacted by the continuing effects of COVID-19, with a disproportionate impact on certain customers and industries. We expect a stronger recovery in the fourth quarter with business resuming to near-normal activity, perhaps buoyed by sales transactions that may have been deferred from earlier quarters.

With respect to revenue, on average for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, the U.S. Dollar was approximately 1.8% stronger, when measured against our primary foreign currencies, than for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. The table below presents the impacts of currency fluctuations on revenue for the quarter ended March 31, 2020. Amounts in brackets indicate an adverse impact from currency fluctuations.



(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Euro	$	(2,003	)
South Korean Won	(910		)
Indian Rupee	(228		)
British Pound	(182		)
Japanese Yen	532
Taiwan Dollar	168
Other	33
Total	$	(2,590	)

The net overall stronger U.S. Dollar also resulted in decreased operating income of $0.3 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 2019.

As a percentage of revenue, ~~the Company's~~our international and domestic revenues, and ~~the Company's~~our direct and indirect revenues, were as follows:


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2020		2019
International	55.6	%	65.1	%	59.0	%	55.6	%
Domestic	44.4	%	34.9	%	41.0	%	44.4	%

Direct	70.5	%	76.5	%	73.6	%	70.5	%
Indirect	29.5	%	23.5	%	26.4	%	29.5	%

In valuing deferred revenue on the balance sheets of ~~the Company's~~our recent acquisitions as of their respective acquisition dates, ~~the Company~~we applied the fair value provisions applicable to the accounting for business combinations, resulting in a reduction of deferred revenue as compared to ~~its~~the historical carrying amount. As a result, ~~the Company's~~our post-acquisition revenue will be less than the sum of what would have otherwise been reported by ~~ANSYS~~us and each acquiree absent the acquisitions. The impacts on reported revenue were ~~$2.8~~$3.9 million and ~~$0.4~~$2.8 million for the quarters ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively. The expected impacts on reported revenue, including an estimate for the Lumerical acquisition, are ~~$1.9~~$4.1 million and ~~$7.3~~$11.4 million for the quarter ending June 30, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~for~~ the year ending December 31, ~~2019~~,2020, respectively. ~~The~~We have not yet performed a valuation of the Lumerical acquired deferred revenue. Until such valuation is completed, the expected impacts on ~~reported~~ revenue ~~include only the impacts for acquisitions~~will remain preliminary estimates that ~~closed on or before March 31, 2019.~~are likely to change.

Deferred Revenue and Backlog:

Deferred revenue consists of billings made or payments received in advance of revenue ~~recognition.~~recognition from customer agreements. The deferred revenue on ~~the Company's~~our condensed consolidated balance sheets does not represent the total value of annual or multi-year, noncancellable agreements. ~~The Company's~~Our backlog represents installment billings for periods beyond the current quarterly billing cycle ~~and customer orders received but not processed. The Company's~~. Our deferred revenue and backlog as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019 consisted of the following:


	Balance at March 31, 2019						Balance at March 31, 2020
(in thousands)	Total		Current		Long-Term		Total		Current		Long-Term
Deferred revenue	$	344,276	$	330,890	$	13,386	$	365,751	$	352,964	$	12,787
Backlog	328,372		146,202		182,170		469,275		211,842		257,433
Total	$	672,648	$	477,092	$	195,556	$	835,026	$	564,806	$	270,220


	Balance at December 31, 2018						Balance at December 31, 2019
(in thousands)	Total		Current		Long-Term		Total		Current		Long-Term
Deferred revenue	$	343,174	$	328,584	$	14,590	$	365,274	$	351,353	$	13,921
Backlog	315,998		147,299		168,699		505,469		218,398		287,071
Total	$	659,172	$	475,883	$	183,289	$	870,743	$	569,751	$	300,992

Revenue associated with deferred revenue and backlog that will be recognized in the subsequent twelve months is classified as current in the tables above.

Cost of Sales and Operating Expenses:

The tables below reflect ~~the Company's~~our operating results as presented on the condensed consolidated statements of income, which are inclusive of foreign currency translation ~~impacts and the OPTIS acquisition.~~impacts. Amounts included in the discussions that follow each table are provided in constant ~~currency.~~currency and are inclusive of costs related to our acquisitions. The ~~constant currency impact of the OPTIS acquisition and the~~ impact of foreign exchange translation ~~are~~is discussed separately, where material. The fourth quarter 2019 acquisitions of LST and Dynardo contributed $13.0 million to the overall increase in cost of sales and operating expenses, inclusive of intangible asset amortization. The acquisitions that occurred in the first half of 2019 did not materially contribute to the variances below.


	Three Months Ended March 31,											Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			Change					2020			2019			Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount			%		Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount			%
Cost of sales:
Software licenses	$	4,708	1.5	$	3,911	1.4	$	797		20.4		$	4,926	1.6	$	4,708	1.5	$	218		4.6
Amortization	4,547		1.4	8,786		3.1	(4,239		)	(48.2	)	9,552		3.1	4,547		1.4	5,005			110.1
Maintenance and service	25,560		8.1	26,341		9.3	(781		)	(3.0	)	35,638		11.7	25,560		8.1	10,078			39.4
Total cost of sales	34,815		11.0	39,038		13.8	(4,223		)	(10.8	)	50,116		16.4	34,815		11.0	15,301			43.9
Gross profit	$	282,315	89.0	$	243,835	86.2	$	38,480		15.8		$	254,869	83.6	$	282,315	89.0	$	(27,446	)	(9.7	)

Software Licenses: The increase in the cost of software licenses was primarily due to increased third-party royalties of ~~$0.6~~$0.3 million.

Amortization: The ~~decrease~~increase in amortization expense was ~~primarily~~ due to ~~a net decrease in~~ the amortization of ~~trade names and~~newly acquired ~~technology due to assets that became fully amortized.~~intangible assets.

Maintenance and Service: The ~~decrease~~increase in maintenance and service costs was primarily due to the ~~cost decrease related to foreign exchange translation~~following:

Increased salaries and other headcount-related costs of ~~$0.9 million due to a stronger U.S. Dollar.~~$4.8 million.

Increased third-party technical support of $2.1 million.

Increased stock-based compensation of $1.6 million.

The ~~improvement~~reduction in gross profit was a result of ~~the increase~~a decrease in revenue and ~~decrease~~an increase in the ~~related~~ cost of sales.


	Three Months Ended March 31,									Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			Change			2020			2019			Change
(in thousands, except percentages)	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		%	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		% of Revenue	Amount		%
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative	$	112,169	35.4	$	87,809	31.0	$	24,360	27.7	$	130,522	42.8	$	112,169	35.4	$	18,353	16.4
Research and development	70,738		22.3	57,530		20.3	13,208		23.0	86,112		28.2	70,738		22.3	15,374		21.7
Amortization	3,759		1.2	3,435		1.2	324		9.4	4,162		1.4	3,759		1.2	403		10.7
Total operating expenses	$	186,666	58.9	$	148,774	52.6	$	37,892	25.5	$	220,796	72.4	$	186,666	58.9	$	34,130	18.3

Selling, General and Administrative: The ~~net~~ increase in selling, general and administrative costs was primarily due to the following:

Increased salaries ~~incentive compensation~~ and other headcount-related costs of ~~$12.7~~$10.0 million.

Increased bad debt expense of $2.7 million due to expected losses related to COVID-19.

Increased stock-based compensation of ~~$4.6 million.~~

~~OPTIS-related selling, general and administrative expenses of $4.6~~$2.0 million.

Increased ~~professional fees~~marketing expenses of ~~$1.6~~$1.8 million.

Increased ~~business travel~~IT maintenance and software hosting costs of ~~$1.5~~$1.7 million.

~~Cost decrease related~~Currently, we continue to ~~foreign exchange translation~~pay all of ~~$3.1 million due to a stronger U.S. Dollar.~~our salaried and hourly workers.

~~The Company anticipates~~We anticipate that itwe will continue to make targeted investments in ~~its~~our global sales and marketing organizations and ~~its~~our global business infrastructure to enhance and support ~~its~~our revenue-generating activities.

Research and Development: The ~~net~~ increase in research and development costs was primarily due to the following:

Increased salaries and other headcount-related costs of ~~$5.9 million.~~

~~OPTIS-related research and development expenses of $3.7~~$11.6 million.

Increased stock-based compensation of ~~$3.1~~$3.5 million.

~~Cost decrease related to foreign exchange translation~~Increased IT maintenance and software hosting costs of ~~$1.7 million due to a stronger U.S. Dollar.~~$1.0 million.

~~The Company has~~We have traditionally invested significant resources in research and development activities and ~~intends~~intend to continue to make investments in expanding the ease of use and capabilities of ~~its~~our broad portfolio of simulation software ~~products.~~products, even through the COVID-19 pandemic. We do not anticipate the impact of COVID-19 to significantly delay our 2020 product releases.

Interest Income: Interest income for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 was ~~$3.4~~$2.8 million as compared to ~~$2.3~~$3.4 million for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Interest income ~~increased~~decreased as a result of ~~an increase~~a decrease in the average rate of return on invested cash balances.

Interest Expense: Interest expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 was $3.7 million as compared to $0.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. Interest expense increased as a result of the interest incurred on debt financing obtained in connection with the acquisition of LST in the fourth quarter of 2019.

Other ~~Expense,~~Income (Expense), net: ~~The Company's~~Our other ~~expense~~income (expense) consisted of the following:


	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
(in thousands)	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Foreign currency losses, net	$	(513	)	$	(264	)
Foreign currency gains (losses), net							$	146		$	(513	)
Other	88			(44		)	(19		)	179
Total other expense, net	$	(425	)	$	(308	)
Total other income (expense), net							$	127		$	(334	)

Income Tax (Benefit) Provision: ~~The Company's~~Our income before income tax provision, income tax (benefit) provision and effective tax ~~rate~~rates were as follows:

Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except percentages) March 31,
2019 March 31,
2018
Income before income tax provision $ 98,666
$ 97,038
Income tax provision $ 12,436
$ 12,758
Effective tax rate 12.6 % 13.1 %

In February 2019, the U.S. government published final regulations relating to the transition tax, enacted as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. In accordance with the final regulations, the Company adjusted its provisional transition tax calculations and recorded an additional tax benefit of $1.3 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019.



	Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except percentages)	March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019
Income before income tax provision	$	33,324		$	98,666
Income tax (benefit) provision	$	(12,740	)	$	12,436
Effective tax rate	(38.2		)%	12.6		%

The decrease in the effective tax rate from the prior year iswas primarily due to ~~the additional transition tax benefit, offset by~~ increased ~~tax~~benefits related to ~~global intangible low-taxed income.~~stock-based compensation. The effective tax rate also benefited from the release of a valuation allowance in a foreign jurisdiction.

When compared to the federal and state combined statutory rate for each respective period, the effective tax rates for the quarters ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 were favorably impacted by tax benefits from stock-based compensation, the foreign-derived intangible income (FDII) deduction, and research and development credits.

Net Income: ~~The Company's~~Our net income, diluted earnings per share and weighted average shares used in computing diluted earnings per share were as follows:

Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data) March 31,
2019 March 31,
2018
Net income $ 86,230
$ 84,280
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.01
$ 0.98
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted 85,493
86,152



	Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019
Net income	$	46,064	$	86,230
Diluted earnings per share	$	0.53	$	1.01
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	87,369		85,493

Non-GAAP Results

~~The Company provides~~We provide non-GAAP revenue, non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share as supplemental measures to GAAP regarding ~~the Company’s~~our operational performance. These financial measures exclude the impact of certain items and, therefore, have not been calculated in accordance with GAAP. A detailed explanation and a reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to its most comparable GAAP financial measure are described below.


	Three Months Ended																		Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019									March 31, 2018									March 31, 2020									March 31, 2019
(in thousands, except percentages and per share data)	GAAP Results			Adjustments			Non-GAAP Results			GAAP Results			Adjustments			Non-GAAP Results			GAAP Results			Adjustments			Non-GAAP Results			GAAP Results			Adjustments			Non-GAAP Results
Total revenue	$	317,130		$	2,780	(1)	$	319,910		$	282,873		$	401	(4)	$	283,274		$	304,985		$	3,912	(1)	$	308,897		$	317,130		$	2,780	(4)	$	319,910
Operating income	95,649			41,537		(2)	137,186			95,061			32,351		(5)	127,412			34,073			56,500		(2)	90,573			95,649			41,537		(5)	137,186
Operating profit margin	30.2		%				42.9		%	33.6		%				45.0		%	11.2		%				29.3		%	30.2		%				42.9		%
Net income	$	86,230		$	24,440	(3)	$	110,670		$	84,280		$	18,784	(6)	$	103,064		$	46,064		$	26,241	(3)	$	72,305		$	86,230		$	24,440	(6)	$	110,670
Earnings per share – diluted:
Earnings per share	$	1.01					$	1.29		$	0.98					$	1.20		$	0.53					$	0.83		$	1.01					$	1.29
Weighted average shares	85,493						85,493			86,152						86,152			87,369						87,369			85,493						85,493


(1)	Amount represents the revenue not reported during the period as a result of the acquisition accounting adjustment associated with the accounting for deferred revenue in business combinations.


(2)	Amount represents $30.9 million of stock-based compensation expense, $7.0 million of excess payroll taxes related to stock-based awards, $13.7 million of amortization expense associated with intangible assets acquired in business combinations, $1.0 million of transaction expenses related to business combinations and the $3.9 million adjustment to revenue as reflected in (1) above.


(3)	Amount represents the impact of the adjustments to operating income referred to in (2) above, decreased for the related GAAP to non-GAAP tax provision impact of $30.3 million based on a normalized non-GAAP annual effective tax rate of 19.5%.


(4)	Amount represents the revenue not reported during the period as a result of the acquisition accounting adjustment associated with the accounting for deferred revenue in business combinations.


(5)	Amount represents $23.8 million of stock-based compensation expense, $4.0 million of excess payroll taxes related to stock-based awards, $8.3 million of amortization expense associated with intangible assets acquired in business combinations, $2.7 million of transaction expenses related to business combinations and the $2.8 million adjustment to revenue as reflected in ~~(1)~~(4) above.


~~(3)~~(6)	Amount represents the impact of the adjustments to operating income referred to in ~~(2)~~(5) above, decreased for the related income tax impact of $15.6 million, adjustments related to the transition tax associated with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of $1.3 million, and rabbi trust income of $0.2 million.


~~(4)~~	~~Amount represents the revenue not reported during the period as a result of the acquisition accounting adjustment associated with the accounting for deferred revenue in business combinations.~~


~~(5)~~	Amount represents $15.3 million of stock-based compensation expense, $3.1 million of excess payroll taxes related to stock-based awards, $12.2 million of amortization expense associated with intangible assets acquired in business combinations, $1.4 million of transaction expenses related to business combinations and the $0.4 million adjustment to revenue as reflected in (4) above.


~~(6)~~	Amount represents the impact of the adjustments to operating income referred to in (5) above, decreased for the related income tax impact of $15.0 million and increased for adjustments related to the transition tax associated with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of $1.4 million.

Non-GAAP Measures

~~Management uses~~We use non-GAAP financial measures (a) to evaluate ~~the Company's~~our historical and prospective financial performance as well as ~~its~~our performance relative to ~~its~~our competitors, (b) to set internal sales targets and spending budgets, (c) to allocate resources, (d) to measure operational profitability and the accuracy of forecasting, (e) to assess financial discipline over operational expenditures and (f) as an important factor in determining variable compensation for management and ~~its~~ employees. In addition, many financial analysts that follow ~~the Company~~us focus on and publish both historical results and future projections based on non-GAAP financial measures. ~~The Company believes~~We believe that it is in the best interest of ~~its~~our investors to provide this information to analysts so that they accurately report the non-GAAP financial information. Moreover, investors have historically requested, and ~~the Company has~~we have historically reported, these non-GAAP financial measures as a means of providing consistent and comparable information with past reports of financial results.

While ~~management believes~~we believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful supplemental information to investors, there are limitations associated with the use of these non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, are not reported by all ~~the Company's~~our competitors and may not be directly comparable to similarly titled measures of ~~the Company's~~our competitors due to potential differences in the exact method of calculation. ~~The Company compensates~~We compensate for these

limitations by using these non-GAAP financial measures as supplements to GAAP financial

measures and by reviewing the reconciliations of the non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP financial measures.

The adjustments to these non-GAAP financial measures, and the basis for such adjustments, are outlined below:

Acquisition accounting for deferred ~~revenue and its related tax impact.~~revenue. Historically, ~~the Company has~~we have consummated acquisitions in order to support ~~its~~our strategic and other business objectives. In accordance with the fair value provisions applicable to the accounting for business combinations, acquired deferred revenue is often recorded on the opening balance sheet at an amount that is lower than the historical carrying value. Although this acquisition accounting requirement has no impact on ~~the Company's~~our business or cash flow, it adversely impacts ~~the Company's~~our reported GAAP revenue in the reporting periods following an acquisition. In order to provide investors with financial information that facilitates comparison of both historical and future results, ~~the Company provides~~we provide non-GAAP financial measures which exclude the impact of the acquisition accounting adjustment. ~~The Company believes~~We believe that this non-GAAP financial adjustment is useful to investors because it allows investors to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology and information used by ~~management~~us in ~~its~~our financial and operational decision-making, and (b) compare our past and future reports of financial results ~~of the Company~~ as the revenue reduction related to acquired deferred revenue will not recur when related annual lease licenses and software maintenance contracts are renewed in future periods.

Amortization of intangible assets from ~~acquisitions and its related tax impact.~~acquisitions. ~~The Company incurs~~We incur amortization of intangible assets, included in ~~its~~our GAAP presentation of amortization expense, related to various acquisitions ~~it has~~we have made. ~~Management excludes~~We exclude these expenses ~~and their related tax impact~~ for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when ~~it evaluates the~~we evaluate our continuing operational performance ~~of the Company~~ because these costs are fixed at the time of an acquisition, are then amortized over a period of several years after the acquisition and generally cannot be changed or influenced by ~~management~~us after the acquisition. Accordingly, ~~management does~~we do not consider these expenses for purposes of evaluating ~~the~~our performance ~~of the Company~~ during the applicable time period after the acquisition, and ~~it excludes~~we exclude such expenses when making decisions to allocate resources. ~~The Company believes~~We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate the effectiveness of the methodology and information used by ~~management~~us in ~~its~~our financial and operational decision-making, and (b) compare our past reports of financial results ~~of the Company~~ as ~~the Company has~~we have historically reported these non-GAAP financial measures.

Stock-based compensation expense ~~and its related tax impact~~. ~~The Company incurs~~We incur expense related to stock-based compensation included in ~~its~~our GAAP presentation of ~~cost of software licenses;~~ cost of maintenance and service; research and development expense; and selling, general and administrative expense. This non-GAAP adjustment also includes excess payroll tax expense related to stock-based compensation. Stock-based compensation expense (benefit) incurred in connection with ~~the Company's~~our deferred compensation plan held in a rabbi trust includes an offsetting benefit (charge) recorded in other income (expense). Although stock-based compensation is an expense ~~of the Company~~ and viewed as a form of compensation, ~~management excludes~~we exclude these expenses for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when ~~it evaluates the~~we evaluate our continuing operational ~~performance of the Company. Management~~performance. We similarly ~~excludes~~exclude income (expense) related to assets held in a rabbi trust in connection with ~~the Company's~~our deferred compensation plan. Specifically, ~~the Company excludes~~we exclude stock-based compensation and income (expense) related to assets held in the deferred compensation plan rabbi trust during ~~its~~our annual budgeting process and ~~its~~our quarterly and annual assessments of ~~the Company's and management's~~our performance. The annual budgeting process is the primary mechanism whereby ~~the Company allocates~~we allocate resources to various initiatives and operational requirements. Additionally, the annual review by ~~the~~our board of directors during which it compares ~~the Company's~~our historical business model and profitability to the planned business model and profitability for the forthcoming year excludes the impact of stock-based compensation. In evaluating the performance of our senior management and department managers, charges related to stock-based compensation are excluded from expenditure and profitability results. In fact, ~~the Company records~~we record stock-based compensation expense into a stand-alone cost center for which no single operational manager is responsible or accountable. In this way, ~~management~~we can review, on a period-to-period basis, each manager's performance and assess financial discipline over operational expenditures without the effect of stock-based compensation. ~~The Company believes~~We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate ~~the Company's~~our operating results and the effectiveness of the methodology used by ~~management~~us to review ~~the Company's~~our operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in ~~the Company's~~our financial reporting as well as comparability with competitors' operating results.

~~Restructuring charges and the related tax impact.~~ The Company occasionally incurs expenses for restructuring its workforce included in its GAAP presentation of cost of software licenses; cost of maintenance and service; research and development expense; and selling, general and administrative expense. Management excludes these expenses for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when it evaluates the continuing operational performance of the Company, as it generally does not incur

these expenses as a part of its operations. The Company believes that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate the Company's operating results and the effectiveness of the methodology used by management to review the Company's operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in the Company's financial reporting as well as comparability with competitors' operating results.

Transaction costs related to business combinations. ~~The Company incurs~~We incur expenses for professional services rendered in connection with business combinations, which are included in ~~its~~our GAAP presentation of selling, general and administrative expense. These expenses are generally not tax-deductible. ~~Management excludes~~We exclude these acquisition-related transaction expenses, derived from announced acquisitions, for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP operating income, non-GAAP operating profit margin, non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when ~~it evaluates the~~we evaluate our continuing operational performance, ~~of the Company,~~ as itwe generally would not have otherwise incurred these expenses in the periods presented as a part of ~~its~~our operations. ~~The Company believes~~We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate ~~the Company's~~our operating results and the effectiveness of the methodology used by ~~management~~us to review ~~the Company's~~our operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in ~~the Company's~~our financial reporting as well as comparability with competitors' operating results.

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. ~~The Company~~We recorded impacts to ~~its~~our income tax provision related to the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, specifically for the transition tax related to unrepatriated cash and the impacts of the tax rate change on net deferred tax assets. ~~Management excludes~~We exclude these impacts for the purpose of calculating non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share when ~~it evaluates the~~we evaluate our continuing operational performance, ~~of the Company,~~ as (i) the charges are not expected to recur as part of ~~its~~our normal operations and (ii) the charges resulted from the extremely infrequent event of major U.S. tax reform, the last such reform having occurred in 1986. ~~The Company believes~~We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures are useful to investors because they allow investors to (a) evaluate ~~the Company's~~our operating results and the effectiveness of the methodology used by ~~management~~us to review ~~the Company's~~our operating results, and (b) review historical comparability in ~~the Company's~~our financial reporting.

Non-GAAP tax provision. We utilize a normalized non-GAAP annual effective tax rate (AETR) to calculate non-GAAP measures. This methodology provides better consistency across interim reporting periods by eliminating the effects of non-recurring items and aligning the non-GAAP tax rate with our expected geographic earnings mix. To project this rate, we analyzed our historic and projected non-GAAP earnings mix by geography along with other factors such as our current tax structure, recurring tax credits and incentives, and expected tax positions. On an annual basis we will re-evaluate this rate for significant items that may materially affect our projections.

Non-GAAP financial measures are not in accordance with, or an alternative for, GAAP. ~~The Company's~~Our non-GAAP financial measures are not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for comparable GAAP financial measures and should be read only in conjunction with ~~the Company's~~our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.

~~The Company has~~We have provided a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures as listed below:



GAAP Reporting Measure	Non-GAAP Reporting Measure
Revenue	Non-GAAP Revenue
Operating Income	Non-GAAP Operating Income
Operating Profit Margin	Non-GAAP Operating Profit Margin
Net Income	Non-GAAP Net Income
Diluted Earnings Per Share	Non-GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share

Liquidity and Capital Resources

(in thousands) March 31,
2019 December 31,
2018 Change
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments $ 607,628
$ 777,364
$ (169,736 )
Working capital $ 559,401
$ 786,410
$ (227,009 )

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments decreased during the current fiscal year primarily due to cash utilized in the February 2019 acquisitions of Granta Design and Helic, partially offset by the excess of cash provided by operating activities over cash used in financing activities.



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019		Change
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	$	718,030	$	872,382	$	(154,352	)
Working capital	$	753,558	$	860,340	$	(106,782	)

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments

Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as money market funds and deposits held at major banks. Short-term investments consist primarily of deposits held by certain of our foreign subsidiaries ~~of the Company~~ with original maturities of three months to one year. The following table presents ~~the Company's~~our foreign and domestic holdings of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018:~~2019:


(in thousands, except percentages)	March 31, 2019		% of Total	December 31, 2018		% of Total	March 31, 2020		% of Total	December 31, 2019		% of Total
Domestic	$	401,542	66.1	$	616,249	79.3	$	427,709	59.6	$	626,433	71.8
Foreign	206,086		33.9	161,115		20.7	290,321		40.4	245,949		28.2
Total	$	607,628		$	777,364		$	718,030		$	872,382

In general, it is ~~the practice and~~our intention ~~of the Company~~ to ~~repatriate previously taxed~~permanently reinvest all earnings in excess of ~~working capital needs and to reinvest all other earnings of its non-U.S. subsidiaries.~~previously taxed amounts. As part of ~~the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the Company incurred~~ U.S. tax onreform, substantially all of the previous earnings of ~~its~~our non-U.S. subsidiaries were taxed through the transition tax and current earnings are taxed as part of ~~the transition tax. This~~global intangible low-taxed income tax expense. These taxes increased ~~the Company’s~~our previously taxed earnings and ~~allows~~allow for the repatriation of the majority of ~~its~~our foreign earnings without any residual U.S. federal tax. ~~The Company does not~~While we believe that ~~there is an excess of~~ the financial reporting ~~basis over~~bases may be greater than the tax ~~basis~~bases of investments in foreign ~~subsidiaries. Accordingly,~~subsidiaries for any ~~repatriation~~earnings in excess of previously taxed amounts, such amounts are considered permanently reinvested. The cumulative temporary difference related to such permanently reinvested earnings ~~will~~is approximately $33.9 million and we would anticipate the tax effect on those earnings to be immaterial as a ~~non-taxable return~~result of ~~basis.~~U.S. tax reform.

The amount of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments held by foreign subsidiaries is subject to translation adjustments caused by changes in foreign currency exchange rates as of the end of each respective reporting period, the offset to which is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss on ~~the Company's~~our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2019		2018		Change		2020		2019		Change
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	151,578	$	132,421	$	19,157	$	147,412	$	151,578	$	(4,166	)

Net cash provided by operating activities ~~increased~~decreased during the current fiscal year due to ~~increased~~decreased net income (net of non-cash operating adjustments) of ~~$14.8~~$26.0 million, ~~and~~partially offset by increased net cash flows from operating assets and liabilities of ~~$4.4~~$21.8 million. Our net cash provided by operating activities was only minimally impacted by COVID-19 during the three months ended March 31, 2020, primarily because of requests for payment delays from China.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities


	Three Months Ended March 31,									Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2019			2018			Change			2020			2019			Change
Net cash used in investing activities	$	(251,683	)	$	(7,236	)	$	(244,447	)	$	(9,599	)	$	(251,683	)	$	242,084

Net cash used in investing activities ~~increased~~decreased during the current fiscal year due ~~primarily~~ to decreased acquisition-related net cash outlays of ~~$244.3~~$242.0 million. ~~The Company~~We currently ~~plans~~plan capital spending of ~~$35~~$40.0 million to ~~$40~~$50.0 million ~~for the 2019~~during fiscal year 2020 as compared to the ~~$21.8~~$44.9 million that was spent in ~~2018.~~fiscal year 2019. The level of spending will depend on various factors, including the growth of the business and general economic ~~conditions.~~conditions as well as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities


	Three Months Ended March 31,								Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2019			2018			Change		2020			2019			Change
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(69,091	)	$	(129,405	)	$	60,314	$	(288,738	)	$	(69,091	)	$	(219,647	)

Net cash used in financing activities ~~decreased~~increased during the current fiscal year due ~~primarily~~ to ~~decreased~~increased stock repurchases of ~~$73.0~~$116.2 million, ~~partially offset by~~increased principal payments on long-term debt of $75.0 million, and increased restricted stock withholding taxes paid in lieu of issued shares of ~~$8.7~~$29.4 million.

Other Cash Flow Information

~~The Company believes~~We believe that existing cash and cash equivalent balances of ~~$607.4~~$717.7 million, together with cash generated from operations and access to the $500.0 million revolving credit facility, will be sufficient to meet ~~the Company’s~~our working capital and capital expenditure requirements through the next twelve months. ~~The Company’s~~Our cash requirements in the future may also be financed through additional equity or debt financings. ~~There~~However, the disruption in the capital markets caused by the COVID-19 outbreak could make any financing more challenging, and there can be no assurance that such financings can be obtained on ~~favorable~~commercially reasonable terms, ifor at all.

We also believe that our liquidity will allow us to manage the anticipated impact of COVID-19 on our business operations for the foreseeable future. However, we have seen an increase in customer and channel partner requests for extended payment terms on new contracts and delayed payments on existing contracts. Thus far, those requests outside of China have been disproportionately related to the automotive industry.

On April 1, 2020, we acquired Lumerical, a leading developer of photonic design and simulation tools, for a purchase price of approximately $107.5 million. The acquisition will add best-in-class photonic products to our multiphysics portfolio, providing customers with a full set of solutions to solve their next-generation product challenges.

Under ~~the Company's~~our stock repurchase program, ~~the Company~~we repurchased shares ~~during the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018,~~ as follows:


	Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019
Number of shares repurchased	250		750		690		250
Average price paid per share	$	179.42	$	157.11	$	233.48	$	179.42
Total cost	$	44,856	$	117,831	$	161,029	$	44,856

The ~~Company's~~ authorized repurchase program does not have an expiration date, and the pace of the repurchase activity will depend on factors such as working capital needs, cash requirements for acquisitions, ~~the Company's~~our stock price, and economic and market conditions. ~~The Company's~~Our stock repurchases may be effected from time to time through open market purchases or pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 plan.

~~The Company continues~~We continue to generate positive cash flows from operating activities and ~~believes~~believe that the best uses of ~~its~~our excess cash are to invest in the ~~business and~~business; acquire or make investments in complementary companies, products, services and ~~technologies.~~technologies; and make payments on our outstanding debt balances. Any future acquisitions may be funded by available cash and investments, cash generated from operations, ~~credit facilities,~~debt financing, or the issuance of additional securities. Additionally, ~~the Company has~~we have in the past, and ~~expects~~expect in the future, to repurchase stock in order to both offset dilution and return capital, in excess of ~~its~~our requirements, to stockholders with the goal of increasing stockholder value.

On February 22, 2019, the Company entered into a $500 million unsecured revolving credit facility. The revolving credit facility is available for general corporate purposes, including, among others, to finance acquisitions, share repurchases and capital expenditures, and becomes payable in full on February 22, 2024. As of March 31, 2019, the Company had not drawn on the revolving credit facility and was in compliance with all covenants.

In May 2019, the Company acquired certain assets and liabilities of DfR Solutions for approximately $41.0 million. The acquisition of DfR Solutions' electronics reliability technology, combined with the Company's existing comprehensive multiphysics portfolio, will give customers a complete designer-level solution to analyze for electronics failure earlier in the design cycle.

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

~~The Company does~~We do not have any special-purpose entities or off-balance-sheet financing.

Contractual Obligations

During the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company entered into an office lease amendment that resulted in an additional $12.6 million obligation and expires in December 2028. The Company's base rent escalates over the lease term and will range from approximately $1.2 million - $1.6 million per annum.

There were no ~~other~~ material changes to ~~the Company’s~~our significant contractual obligations during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 as compared to those previously reported inwithin “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” ~~within the Company’s 2018~~in our 2019 Form 10-K.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

During the first quarter of ~~2019, the Company~~2020, we completed the annual impairment test for goodwill and the indefinite-lived intangible asset and determined that these assets had not been impaired as of the test date, January 1, ~~2019.~~2020. Given the adverse economic and market conditions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we considered a variety of qualitative factors to determine if an additional quantitative impairment test was required subsequent to our annual impairment test. Based on a variety of factors, including the excess of the fair values over the carrying amounts in the most recent impairment test, we determined it was not more likely than not that an impairment exists. No other events or circumstances changed during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 that would indicate that the fair values of ~~the Company's~~our reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible asset are below their carrying amounts.

No significant changes have occurred to the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates as previously reported within “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest ~~Income~~ Rate Risk. Changes in the overall level of interest rates affect the interest income that is generated from ~~the Company’s~~our cash, cash equivalents and short-term ~~investments.~~investments and the interest expense that is generated from our outstanding borrowings. For the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, total~~2020, interest income was ~~$3.4~~$2.8 million and interest expense was $3.7 million. Cash and cash equivalents consist primarily of highly liquid investments such as money market funds and deposits held at major banks. Short-term investments consist primarily of deposits held by certain foreign subsidiaries ~~of the Company~~ with original maturities of three months to one year.

Foreign Currency Transaction Risk. As ~~the Company operates~~we operate in international regions, a portion of ~~its~~our revenue, expenses, cash, accounts receivable and payment obligations are denominated in foreign currencies. As a result, changes in currency exchange rates will affect ~~the Company’s~~our financial position, results of operations and cash flows. ~~The Company is~~While all of the economic effects of COVID-19 are not known, it may expose us to additional foreign currency transaction risk. We are most impacted by movements in and among the British Pound, Euro, Japanese Yen, South Korean Won and U.S. Dollar.

With respect to revenue, on average for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the U.S. Dollar was approximately ~~6.0%~~1.8% stronger, when measured against ~~the Company’s~~our primary foreign currencies, than for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. The table below presents the impacts of currency fluctuations on revenue for the ~~quarter~~three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Amounts in brackets indicate a net adverse impact from currency fluctuations.



~~(in thousands)~~	~~Three Months Ended March 31, 2019~~
~~Euro~~	$	~~(5,986~~	)
~~Japanese Yen~~	~~(799~~		)
~~South Korean Won~~	~~(644~~		)
~~British Pound~~	~~(637~~		)
~~Indian Rupee~~	~~(581~~		)
~~Other~~	~~(511~~		)
~~Total~~	$	~~(9,158~~	)



(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Euro	$	(2,003	)
South Korean Won	(910		)
Indian Rupee	(228		)
British Pound	(182		)
Japanese Yen	532
Taiwan Dollar	168
Other	33
Total	$	(2,590	)

The net overall stronger U.S. Dollar also resulted in decreased operating income of ~~$3.1~~$0.3 million for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 as compared to the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

The most significant currency impacts on revenue and operating income are typically attributable to U.S. Dollar exchange rate changes against the British Pound, Euro, Japanese Yen and South Korean Won. ~~The relevant~~Historical exchange rates for these ~~currencies~~currency pairs are as reflected in the charts below:


	Period-End Exchange Rates				Period-End Exchange Rates
As of	GBP/USD	EUR/USD	USD/JPY	USD/KRW	GBP/USD	EUR/USD	USD/JPY	USD/KRW
March 31, 2018	1.402	1.232	106.293	1,062.248
December 31, 2018	1.276	1.147	109.589	1,115.325
March 31, 2019	1.303	1.122	110.865	1,138.693	1.303	1.122	110.865	1,138.693
December 31, 2019					1.326	1.121	108.637	1,156.069
March 31, 2020					1.242	1.103	107.562	1,219.363


	Average Exchange Rates				Average Exchange Rates
Three Months Ended	GBP/USD	EUR/USD	USD/JPY	USD/KRW	GBP/USD	EUR/USD	USD/JPY	USD/KRW
March 31, 2018	1.392	1.229	108.275	1,073.499
March 31, 2019	1.303	1.135	110.199	1,126.253	1.303	1.135	110.199	1,126.253
March 31, 2020					1.280	1.102	108.989	1,193.270

No other material change has occurred in ~~the Company’s~~our market risk subsequent to December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, ~~the Company has~~we have evaluated, with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of ~~its~~our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act.

~~The Company believes,~~We believe, based on ~~its~~our knowledge, that the financial statements and other financial information included in this report fairly present, in all material respects, ~~the~~our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows ~~of the Company~~ as of and for the periods presented in this report. ~~The Company is~~We are committed to both a sound internal control environment and to good corporate governance.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.

From time to time, ~~the Company reviews~~we review the disclosure controls and procedures, and may periodically make changes to enhance their effectiveness and to ensure that ~~the Company’s~~our systems evolve with ~~its~~our business.

Changes in Internal Control. ~~The Company implemented internal controls associated with the implementation of ASU 2016-02,~~ ~~Leases~~ (~~Topic 842). Otherwise, there~~There were no changes in ~~the Company’s~~our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, ~~the Company's~~our internal control over financial reporting. Although the majority of our employee base worked remotely, the remote work arrangements did not adversely affect our ability to maintain financial operations, including our financial reporting systems, internal controls over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.Legal Proceedings

Item 1A.Risk Factors

We face a number of risks that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. A discussion of our risk factors can be found in “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” in our 2019 Form 10-K. The ~~Company cautions investors that its performance (and, therefore, any forward-looking statement) is subject~~risk factors set forth below include additional information relating to ~~risks~~the COVID-19 pandemic, and ~~uncertainties. Various important~~update, and should be read together with, the risk factors ~~may cause the Company’s future results to differ materially from those projected in any forward-looking statement. These factors were~~ disclosed in ~~but~~our 2019 Form 10-K. The impact of COVID-19 may also exacerbate other risks discussed in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our 2019 Form 10-K, any of which could have a material effect on us. This situation is changing rapidly and additional impacts may arise that we are not ~~limited~~aware of currently.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and is expected to continue to have, an adverse impact on our business, employees, liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

In December 2019, there was an outbreak of a novel strain of coronavirus (COVID-19) in China that has since spread to nearly all regions of the world. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic. To date, the COVID-19 outbreak and preventative measures taken to contain or mitigate the outbreak have caused, and are continuing to cause, business slowdowns or shutdowns in affected areas and significant disruption in the financial markets both globally and in the United States.

While the full impact of this outbreak is not yet known, we are closely monitoring the spread of COVID-19 and continually assessing its potential effects on our business. Our operations have begun to be adversely affected, and are expected to continue to be adversely affected, by a range of external factors related to the ~~items~~COVID-19 pandemic that are not within our control and cannot be reasonably predicted. In response to the ~~Company’s 2018 Form 10-K, Part I, Item 1A. "Risk Factors." No~~pandemic and related mitigation measures, we began implementing changes in our business in an effort to protect our employees and customers, and to support appropriate health and safety protocols. For example, we closed our offices (including our corporate headquarters) and transitioned to a remote work environment in North America, Asia and Europe and implemented certain travel restrictions, both of which have disrupted how we operate our business. While our offices in China and South Korea have since re-opened, our remaining offices remain closed. In addition, we announced the cancellation of most in-person customer events scheduled for the second quarter of 2020. We have shifted a majority of our customer events to virtual-only experiences and we may deem it advisable to similarly alter, postpone or cancel entirely additional customer, employee or industry events in the future. While all of these measures have been necessary and appropriate, they have adversely impacted our business and financial performance. These impacts could continue for the foreseeable future. In addition, an extended period of remote work arrangements may expose us to increased risk of cyber incidents, may delay or disrupt recruitment efforts, delay or alter product roadmaps or research and development due to reduced or limited access to technologies, equipment, or services, and negatively impact the sales pipeline due to reduced, delayed, or altered sales and marketing interactions with customers and potential customers. Limitations on availability, ease of use or increased cost related to the use of our products in our customers’ remote work environments could also result in a decline in demand for our products. Furthermore, if the COVID-19 pandemic has a substantial impact on our employees, partners or customers’ attendance or productivity, our results of operations and overall financial performance may be harmed.

We are anticipating incremental adverse revenue and net income impacts from COVID-19 as a result of the economic slowdown and the decrease in customer spending. We anticipate that customers will delay transactions with us due to the uncertainty resulting from COVID-19 and that there will be a decrease in the number of multi-year leases and the number of large enterprise agreements. Furthermore, we continue to see a reduction in the number of perpetual licenses in favor of time-based licenses and expect that trend to continue. There may also be lower activity levels in the end markets we service or declining financial performance of our customers, which could result in lower rates of renewal, which have historically been stable and high, and cancellations, reductions, or delays for our products and services. Recessionary macroeconomic conditions could suppress customer demand broadly and could negatively affect stock prices, including the price of our common stock.

The situation surrounding COVID-19 remains fluid, and given its inherent uncertainty, we expect the pandemic will continue to have an adverse impact on our business in the near term. The duration and extent of the impact from the COVID-19 pandemic depends on future developments that cannot be accurately predicted at this time, such as the severity and transmission rate of

the virus, the extent and effectiveness of containment actions and the impact of these and other factors on our employees, customers, partners and vendors. Should these conditions persist for a prolonged period, the COVID-19 pandemic, including any of the above factors and others that are currently unknown, could have a material ~~changes~~adverse effect on our business, employees, liquidity, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Our operating results and revenue could be adversely affected by customer and partner payment delays or bankruptcies, and defaults or modifications of licenses.

We typically enter into non-cancelable arrangements with our customers and partners and have ~~occurred regarding~~a high rate of recurring revenue. If our customers or partners experience adversity in their business, they may delay or default on their payment obligations to us, request to modify contract terms, or modify or cancel plans to license our products. For example, if our customers and partners are not successful in generating sufficient cash or are precluded from securing financing, they may not be able to pay, or may delay payment of, accounts receivable that are owed to us. If customers and partners delay the ~~Company's risk factors subsequent~~payment or fail to ~~December 31, 2018.~~pay us under the terms of our agreements, our operating expenses and cash flows may be adversely affected due to our inability to collect amounts due and the cost of enforcing the terms of our contracts, including litigation. Furthermore, some of our customers and partners may seek bankruptcy protection or other similar relief and fail to pay amounts due to us, or pay those amounts more slowly, either of which could adversely affect our operating results, financial position and cash flow. The recent and ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic may also increase the likelihood of these risks.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under Plans or Programs⁽¹⁾
January 1 - January 31, 2019 —
$ —
—
3,825,505
February 1 - February 28, 2019 —
$ —
—
3,825,505
March 1 - March 31, 2019 250,000
$ 179.42
250,000
3,575,505
Total 250,000
$ 179.42
250,000
3,575,505



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under Plans or Programs⁽¹⁾
January 1 - January 31, 2020	—	$	—	—	3,495,995
February 1 - February 29, 2020	—	$	—	—	3,495,995
March 1 - March 31, 2020	689,700	$	233.48	689,700	2,806,295
Total	689,700	$	233.48	689,700	2,806,295

⁽¹⁾ ~~The Company~~We initially announced ~~its~~our stock repurchase program in February 2000, and subsequently announced various amendments to the program. The most recent amendment to the program, authorizing the repurchase of up to 5.0 million shares, was approved by ~~the Company's~~our Board of Directors in February 2018. There is no expiration date for the stock repurchase program.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.Other Information

None.

Item 6.Exhibits



Exhibit No.			Exhibit
~~10.1~~10.24			~~Credit Agreement, dated as~~2020 Form of ~~February 22, 2019, among~~Award Notice (Total Shareholder Return) under the Fifth Amended and Restated ANSYS, Inc. ~~as borrower, Bank of America, N.A. as Administrative Agent~~1996 Stock Option and ~~the banks listed therein, attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1.~~Grant Plan; filed herewith.*

15			Independent Registered Public Accountant’s Letter Regarding Unaudited Financial Information.

31.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1			Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2			Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS			Inline XBRL Instance Document ~~- the~~(the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL ~~document.~~document)

101.SCH			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

101.CAL			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

101.DEF			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

101.LAB			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

101.PRE			Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

104			Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)



*	Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



		ANSYS, Inc.

Date:	May ~~2, 2019~~6, 2020	By:	/s/ Ajei S. Gopal
			Ajei S. Gopal
			President and Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

Date:	May ~~2, 2019~~6, 2020	By:	/s/ Maria T. Shields
			Maria T. Shields
			Chief Financial Officer
			(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

3841



(in thousands)	Granta Design		Helic		Total
Cash	$	198,723	$	62,086	$	260,809



(in thousands)
Cash	$	13,644		$	2,842		$	16,486
Accounts receivable and other tangible assets	6,926			6,008			12,934
Developed software and core technologies (12 year weighted-average life)	32,445			8,600			41,045
Customer lists (13 year weighted-average life)	20,016			11,500			31,516
Trade names (10 year weighted-average life)	4,579			890			5,469
Accounts payable and other liabilities	(6,176		)	(3,477		)	(9,653		)
Deferred revenue	(1,426		)	(923		)	(2,349		)
Net deferred tax liabilities	(9,822		)	(5,049		)	(14,871		)
Total identifiable net assets	$	60,186		$	20,391		$	80,577
Goodwill	$	138,537		$	41,695		$	180,232



(in thousands)
2019	$	16,354
2020	12,469
2021	10,177
2022	8,523
2023	6,809
Thereafter	14,267
Total	$	68,599