Table of Contents

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 _________________________________________
FORM 10-Q

þQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 20162017
OR
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to
Commission File Number 001-35077
_____________________________________ 
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 
Illinois36-3873352
(State of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
9700 W. Higgins Road, Suite 800
Rosemont, Illinois 60018
(Address of principal executive offices)

(847) 939-9000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
______________________________________ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  þ    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  þ    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and “smaller reporting“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large accelerated filer þ  Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company ¨
Emerging growth company¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock — no par value, 51,771,19255,923,249 shares, as of October 31, 2016
2017
 

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
  Page
 PART I. — FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
ITEM 1.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
 PART II. — OTHER INFORMATION 
ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.Defaults Upon Senior SecuritiesNA
ITEM 4.Mine Safety DisclosuresNA
ITEM 5.Other InformationNA
ITEM 6.
 

PART I
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION
(Unaudited)   (Unaudited)(Unaudited)   (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except share data)September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
Assets          
Cash and due from banks$242,825
 $271,454
 $247,341
$251,896
 $267,194
 $242,825
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements4,122
 4,341
 3,314
56
 2,851
 4,122
Interest bearing deposits with banks816,104
 607,782
 701,106
1,218,728
 980,457
 816,104
Available-for-sale securities, at fair value1,650,096
 1,716,388
 2,214,281
1,665,903
 1,724,667
 1,650,096
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost ($942.7 million and $878.1 million fair value at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively)932,767
 884,826
 
Held-to-maturity securities, at amortized cost ($807.0 million, $607.6 million and $942.7 million fair value at September 30, 2017, December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016 respectively)819,340
 635,705
 932,767
Trading account securities1,092
 448
 3,312
643
 1,989
 1,092
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock129,630
 101,581
 90,308
87,192
 133,494
 129,630
Brokerage customer receivables25,511
 27,631
 28,293
23,631
 25,181
 25,511
Mortgage loans held-for-sale559,634
 388,038
 347,005
370,282
 418,374
 559,634
Loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans19,101,261
 17,118,117
 16,316,211
20,912,781
 19,703,172
 19,101,261
Covered loans95,940
 148,673
 168,609
46,601
 58,145
 95,940
Total loans19,197,201
 17,266,790
 16,484,820
20,959,382
 19,761,317
 19,197,201
Allowance for loan losses(117,693) (105,400) (102,996)(133,119) (122,291) (117,693)
Allowance for covered loan losses(1,422) (3,026) (2,918)(758) (1,322) (1,422)
Net loans19,078,086
 17,158,364
 16,378,906
20,825,505
 19,637,704
 19,078,086
Premises and equipment, net597,263
 592,256
 587,348
609,978
 597,301
 597,263
Lease investments, net116,355
 63,170
 29,111
193,828
 129,402
 116,355
Accrued interest receivable and other assets660,923
 597,099
 629,211
580,612
 593,796
 660,923
Trade date securities receivable677
 
 277,981
189,896
 
 677
Goodwill485,938
 471,761
 472,166
502,021
 498,587
 485,938
Other intangible assets20,736
 24,209
 25,533
18,651
 21,851
 20,736
Total assets$25,321,759
 $22,909,348
 $22,035,216
$27,358,162
 $25,668,553
 $25,321,759
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity          
Deposits:          
Non-interest bearing$5,711,042
 $4,836,420
 $4,705,994
$6,502,409
 $5,927,377
 $5,711,042
Interest bearing15,436,613
 13,803,214
 13,522,475
16,392,654
 15,731,255
 15,436,613
Total deposits21,147,655
 18,639,634
 18,228,469
22,895,063
 21,658,632
 21,147,655
Federal Home Loan Bank advances419,632
 853,431
 443,955
468,962
 153,831
 419,632
Other borrowings241,366
 265,785
 259,805
251,680
 262,486
 241,366
Subordinated notes138,943
 138,861
 138,834
139,052
 138,971
 138,943
Junior subordinated debentures253,566
 268,566
 268,566
253,566
 253,566
 253,566
Trade date securities payable
 538
 617
880
 
 
Accrued interest payable and other liabilities446,123
 390,259
 359,234
440,034
 505,450
 446,123
Total liabilities22,647,285
 20,557,074
 19,699,480
24,449,237
 22,972,936
 22,647,285
Shareholders’ Equity:          
Preferred stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized:          
Series C - $1,000 liquidation value; 126,257 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2016, 126,287 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015, and 126,312 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2015126,257
 126,287
 126,312
Series D - $25 liquidation value; 5,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2016, December 31, 2015 and September 30, 2015125,000
 125,000
 125,000
Common stock, no par value; $1.00 stated value; 100,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2016, December 31, 2015 and September 30, 2015; 51,811,204 shares issued at September 30, 2016, 48,468,894 shares issued at December 31, 2015 and 48,422,294 shares issued at September 30, 201551,811
 48,469
 48,422
Series C - $1,000 liquidation value; no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017, and 126,257 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively
 126,257
 126,257
Series D - $25 liquidation value; 5,000,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017, December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively125,000
 125,000
 125,000
Common stock, no par value; $1.00 stated value; 100,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017, December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016; 55,939,801 shares issued at September 30, 2017, 51,978,289 shares issued at December 31, 2016 and 51,811,204 shares issued at September 30, 201655,940
 51,978
 51,811
Surplus1,356,759
 1,190,988
 1,187,407
1,519,596
 1,365,781
 1,356,759
Treasury stock, at cost, 96,521 shares at September 30, 2016, 85,615 shares at December 31, 2015, and 85,424 shares at September 30, 2015(4,522) (3,973) (3,964)
Treasury stock, at cost, 101,738 shares at September 30, 2017, 97,749 shares at December 31, 2016, and 96,521 shares at September 30, 2016(4,884) (4,589) (4,522)
Retained earnings1,051,748
 928,211
 901,652
1,254,759
 1,096,518
 1,051,748
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(32,579) (62,708) (49,093)(41,486) (65,328) (32,579)
Total shareholders’ equity2,674,474
 2,352,274
 2,335,736
2,908,925
 2,695,617
 2,674,474
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$25,321,759
 $22,909,348
 $22,035,216
$27,358,162
 $25,668,553
 $25,321,759
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Interest income              
Interest and fees on loans$190,189
 $167,831
 $541,846
 $482,330
$227,120
 $190,189
 $639,143
 $541,846
Interest bearing deposits with banks1,156
 372
 2,695
 993
3,272
 1,156
 6,529
 2,695
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements1
 1
 3
 4

 1
 2
 3
Investment securities15,496
 16,130
 49,084
 44,601
16,058
 15,496
 45,155
 49,084
Trading account securities18
 19
 43
 83
8
 18
 23
 43
Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock1,094
 821
 3,143
 2,375
1,080
 1,094
 3,303
 3,143
Brokerage customer receivables195
 205
 630
 591
150
 195
 473
 630
Total interest income208,149
 185,379
 597,444
 530,977
247,688
 208,149
 694,628
 597,444
Interest expense              
Interest on deposits15,621
 12,436
 41,996
 36,246
23,655
 15,621
 58,396
 41,996
Interest on Federal Home Loan Bank advances2,577
 2,458
 8,447
 6,426
2,151
 2,577
 6,674
 8,447
Interest on other borrowings1,137
 1,045
 3,281
 2,620
1,482
 1,137
 3,770
 3,281
Interest on subordinated notes1,778
 1,776
 5,332
 5,328
1,772
 1,778
 5,330
 5,332
Interest on junior subordinated debentures2,400
 2,124
 6,973
 6,034
2,640
 2,400
 7,481
 6,973
Total interest expense23,513
 19,839
 66,029
 56,654
31,700
 23,513
 81,651
 66,029
Net interest income184,636
 165,540
 531,415
 474,323
215,988
 184,636
 612,977
 531,415
Provision for credit losses9,571
 8,322
 26,734
 23,883
7,896
 9,571
 21,996
 26,734
Net interest income after provision for credit losses175,065
 157,218
 504,681
 450,440
208,092
 175,065
 590,981
 504,681
Non-interest income              
Wealth management19,334
 18,243
 56,506
 54,819
19,803
 19,334
 59,856
 56,506
Mortgage banking34,712
 27,887
 93,254
 91,694
28,184
 34,712
 86,061
 93,254
Service charges on deposit accounts8,024
 7,403
 23,156
 20,174
8,645
 8,024
 25,606
 23,156
Gains (losses) on investment securities, net3,305
 (98) 6,070
 402
Gains on investment securities, net39
 3,305
 31
 6,070
Fees from covered call options3,633
 2,810
 9,994
 11,735
1,143
 3,633
 2,792
 9,994
Trading (losses) gains, net(432) (135) (916) (452)
Trading losses, net(129) (432) (869) (916)
Operating lease income, net4,459
 613
 11,270
 755
8,461
 4,459
 21,048
 11,270
Other13,569
 8,230
 40,821
 27,380
13,585
 13,569
 43,943
 40,821
Total non-interest income86,604
 64,953
 240,155
 206,507
79,731
 86,604
 238,468
 240,155
Non-interest expense              
Salaries and employee benefits103,718
 97,749
 300,423
 282,300
106,251
 103,718
 312,069
 300,423
Equipment9,449
 8,456
 27,523
 24,090
9,947
 9,449
 28,858
 27,523
Operating lease equipment depreciation3,605
 431
 9,040
 547
6,794
 3,605
 17,092
 9,040
Occupancy, net12,767
 12,066
 36,658
 35,818
13,079
 12,767
 38,766
 36,658
Data processing7,432
 8,127
 21,089
 19,656
7,851
 7,432
 23,580
 21,089
Advertising and marketing7,365
 6,237
 18,085
 16,550
9,572
 7,365
 23,448
 18,085
Professional fees5,508
 4,100
 14,986
 13,838
6,786
 5,508
 18,956
 14,986
Amortization of other intangible assets1,085
 1,350
 3,631
 3,297
1,068
 1,085
 3,373
 3,631
FDIC insurance3,686
 3,035
 11,339
 9,069
3,877
 3,686
 11,907
 11,339
OREO expense, net1,436
 (367) 3,344
 1,885
590
 1,436
 2,994
 3,344
Other20,564
 18,790
 55,196
 54,539
17,760
 20,564
 54,194
 55,196
Total non-interest expense176,615
 159,974
 501,314
 461,589
183,575
 176,615
 535,237
 501,314
Income before taxes85,054
 62,197
 243,522
 195,358
104,248
 85,054
 294,212
 243,522
Income tax expense31,939
 23,842
 91,255
 74,120
38,622
 31,939
 105,311
 91,255
Net income$53,115
 $38,355
 $152,267
 $121,238
$65,626
 $53,115
 $188,901
 $152,267
Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion3,628
 4,079
 10,884
 7,240
Preferred stock dividends2,050
 3,628
 7,728
 10,884
Net income applicable to common shares$49,487
 $34,276
 $141,383
 $113,998
$63,576
 $49,487
 $181,173
 $141,383
Net income per common share—Basic$0.96
 $0.71
 $2.84
 $2.39
$1.14
 $0.96
 $3.34
 $2.84
Net income per common share—Diluted$0.92
 $0.69
 $2.72
 $2.29
$1.12
 $0.92
 $3.23
 $2.72
Cash dividends declared per common share$0.12
 $0.11
 $0.36
 $0.33
$0.14
 $0.12
 $0.42
 $0.36
Weighted average common shares outstanding51,679
 48,158
 49,763
 47,658
55,796
 51,679
 54,292
 49,763
Dilutive potential common shares4,047
 4,049
 3,931
 4,141
966
 4,047
 2,305
 3,931
Average common shares and dilutive common shares55,726
 52,207
 53,694
 51,799
56,762
 55,726
 56,597
 53,694
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Net income$53,115
 $38,355
 $152,267
 $121,238
$65,626
 $53,115
 $188,901
 $152,267
Unrealized gains (losses) on securities      
Unrealized gains on securities       
Before tax2,525
 31,268
 33,669
 4,144
811
 2,525
 25,783
 33,669
Tax effect(993) (12,273) (13,225) (1,645)(158) (993) (9,968) (13,225)
Net of tax1,532
 18,995
 20,444
 2,499
653
 1,532
 15,815
 20,444
Reclassification of net gains (losses) included in net income       
Reclassification of net gains included in net income       
Before tax3,305
 (98) 6,070
 402
39
 3,305
 31
 6,070
Tax effect(1,300) 38
 (2,386) (158)(15) (1,300) (12) (2,386)
Net of tax2,005
 (60) 3,684
 244
24
 2,005
 19
 3,684
Reclassification of amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale       
Reclassification of amortization of unrealized gains and losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale       
Before tax(3,781) 
 (11,038) 
33
 (3,781) 1,483
 (11,038)
Tax effect1,486
 
 4,331
 
(13) 1,486
 (583) 4,331
Net of tax(2,295) 
 (6,707) 
20
 (2,295) 900
 (6,707)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on securities1,822
 19,055
 23,467
 2,255
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments       
Net unrealized gains on securities609
 1,822
 14,896
 23,467
Unrealized gains on derivative instruments       
Before tax2,773
 99
 2,728
 (247)394
 2,773
 1,699
 2,728
Tax effect(1,090) (39) (1,072) 97
(158) (1,090) (669) (1,072)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments1,683
 60
 1,656
 (150)
Net unrealized gains on derivative instruments236
 1,683
 1,030
 1,656
Foreign currency adjustment              
Before tax(2,237) (8,682) 6,966
 (18,900)5,643
 (2,237) 10,678
 6,966
Tax effect593
 2,345
 (1,960) 5,034
(1,437) 593
 (2,762) (1,960)
Net foreign currency adjustment(1,644) (6,337) 5,006
 (13,866)4,206
 (1,644) 7,916
 5,006
Total other comprehensive income (loss)1,861
 12,778
 30,129
 (11,761)
Total other comprehensive income5,051
 1,861
 23,842
 30,129
Comprehensive income$54,976
 $51,133
 $182,396
 $109,477
$70,677
 $54,976
 $212,743
 $182,396
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
(In thousands)
Preferred
stock
 
Common
stock
 Surplus 
Treasury
stock
 
Retained
earnings
 
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
loss
 
Total
shareholders’
equity
Preferred
stock
 
Common
stock
 Surplus 
Treasury
stock
 
Retained
earnings
 
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
loss
 
Total
shareholders’
equity
Balance at January 1, 2015$126,467
 $46,881
 $1,133,955
 $(3,549) $803,400
 $(37,332) $2,069,822
Net income
 
 
 
 121,238
 
 121,238
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 (11,761) (11,761)
Cash dividends declared on common stock
 
 
 
 (15,746) 
 (15,746)
Dividends on preferred stock
 
 
 
 (7,240) 
 (7,240)
Stock-based compensation
 
 7,817
 
 
 
 7,817
Issuance of Series D preferred stock125,000
 
 (4,158) 
 
 
 120,842
Conversion of Series C preferred stock to common stock(155) 4
 151
 
 
 
 
Common stock issued for:             
Acquisitions
 811
 37,912
 
 
 
 38,723
Exercise of stock options and warrants
 564
 8,141
 (130) 
 
 8,575
Restricted stock awards
 99
 382
 (285) 
 
 196
Employee stock purchase plan
 43
 1,997
 
 
 
 2,040
Director compensation plan
 20
 1,210
 
 
 
 1,230
Balance at September 30, 2015$251,312
 $48,422
 $1,187,407
 $(3,964) $901,652
 $(49,093) $2,335,736
Balance at January 1, 2016$251,287
 $48,469
 $1,190,988
 $(3,973) $928,211
 $(62,708) $2,352,274
$251,287
 $48,469
 $1,190,988
 $(3,973) $928,211
 $(62,708) $2,352,274
Net income
 
 
 
 152,267
 
 152,267

 
 
 
 152,267
 
 152,267
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 30,129
 30,129

 
 
 
 
 30,129
 30,129
Cash dividends declared on common stock
 
 
 
 (17,846) 
 (17,846)
 
 
 
 (17,846) 
 (17,846)
Dividends on preferred stock
 
 
 
 (10,884) 
 (10,884)
 
 
 
 (10,884) 
 (10,884)
Stock-based compensation
 
 6,778
 
 
 
 6,778

 
 6,778
 
 
 
 6,778
Conversion of Series C preferred stock to common stock(30) 1
 29
 
 
 
 
(30) 1
 29
 
 
 
 
Common stock issued for:                          
New issuance, net of costs
 3,000
 149,823
 
 
 
 152,823

 3,000
 149,823
 
 
 
 152,823
Exercise of stock options and warrants
 185
 5,965
 (377) 
 
 5,773

 185
 5,965
 (377) 
 
 5,773
Restricted stock awards
 88
 121
 (172) 
 
 37

 88
 121
 (172) 
 
 37
Employee stock purchase plan
 43
 1,890
 
 
 
 1,933

 43
 1,890
 
 
 
 1,933
Director compensation plan
 25
 1,165
 
 
 
 1,190

 25
 1,165
 
 
 
 1,190
Balance at September 30, 2016$251,257
 $51,811
 $1,356,759
 $(4,522) $1,051,748
 $(32,579) $2,674,474
$251,257
 $51,811
 $1,356,759
 $(4,522) $1,051,748
 $(32,579) $2,674,474
Balance at January 1, 2017$251,257
 $51,978
 $1,365,781
 $(4,589) $1,096,518
 $(65,328) $2,695,617
Net income
 
 
 
 188,901
 
 188,901
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 
 
 
 
 23,842
 23,842
Cash dividends declared on common stock
 
 
 
 (22,932) 
 (22,932)
Dividends on preferred stock
 
 
 
 (7,728) 
 (7,728)
Stock-based compensation
 
 8,160
 
 
 
 8,160
Conversion of Series C preferred stock to common stock(126,257) 3,121
 123,136
 
 
 
 
Common stock issued for:             
Exercise of stock options and warrants
 702
 19,544
 
 
 
 20,246
Restricted stock awards
 79
 (79) (295) 
 
 (295)
Employee stock purchase plan
 28
 1,893
 
 
 
 1,921
Director compensation plan
 32
 1,161
 
 
 
 1,193
Balance at September 30, 2017$125,000
 $55,940
 $1,519,596
 $(4,884) $1,254,759
 $(41,486) $2,908,925
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
Nine Months EndedNine Months Ended
(In thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Operating Activities:      
Net income$152,267
 $121,238
$188,901
 $152,267
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used for operating activities   
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities   
Provision for credit losses26,734
 23,883
21,996
 26,734
Depreciation, amortization and accretion, net38,798
 28,017
46,514
 38,798
Stock-based compensation expense6,778
 7,817
8,160
 6,778
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation arrangements(399) (660)
Net amortization of premium on securities3,728
 2,576
4,694
 3,728
Accretion of discount on loans(23,416) (25,061)(16,885) (23,416)
Mortgage servicing rights fair value change, net(4,810) 641
1,338
 (4,810)
Originations and purchases of mortgage loans held-for-sale(3,208,468) (3,094,901)(2,812,685) (3,208,468)
Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held-for-sale3,111,318
 3,182,623
2,916,368
 3,111,318
Bank owned life insurance ("BOLI"), net of claims(2,613) (1,683)
Increase in trading securities, net(644) (2,106)
Net decrease (increase) in brokerage customer receivables2,120
 (4,072)
Bank owned life insurance ("BOLI") income(2,770) (2,613)
Decrease (increase) in trading securities, net1,346
 (644)
Net decrease in brokerage customer receivables1,550
 2,120
Gains on mortgage loans sold(74,446) (83,437)(67,239) (74,446)
Gains on investment securities, net(6,070) (402)(31) (6,070)
Gains on early extinguishment of debt(4,305) 

 (4,305)
(Gains) losses on sales of premises and equipment, net(89) 512
Net losses (gains) on sales and fair value adjustments of other real estate owned935
 (585)
Gains on sales of premises and equipment, net(88) (89)
Net losses on sales and fair value adjustments of other real estate owned969
 935
Increase in accrued interest receivable and other assets, net(131,504) (113,805)(62,599) (131,504)
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest payable and other liabilities, net31,082
 (28,717)
Net Cash (Used for) Provided by Operating Activities(83,004) 11,878
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable and other liabilities, net(81,157) 31,082
Net Cash Provided by (Used for) Operating Activities148,382
 (82,605)
Investing Activities:      
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities1,128,428
 397,832
190,799
 1,128,428
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities502
 
51,282
 502
Proceeds from sales and calls of available-for-sale securities2,186,662
 1,216,860
146,518
 2,186,662
Proceeds from calls of held-to-maturity securities423,866
 
51,079
 423,866
Purchases of available-for-sale securities(3,169,020) (1,584,282)(446,278) (3,169,020)
Purchases of held-to-maturity securities(472,803) 
(287,976) (472,803)
(Purchase) redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock, net(28,049) 1,274
Redemption (purchase) of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock, net46,302
 (28,049)
Net cash paid in business combinations(578,315) (15,428)(284) (578,315)
Proceeds from sales of other real estate owned29,223
 34,936
12,892
 29,223
Proceeds received from the FDIC related to reimbursements on covered assets2,124
 1,697
Net (increase) decrease in interest bearing deposits with banks(204,085) 438,072
Proceeds (paid to) received from the FDIC related to reimbursements on covered assets(258) 2,124
Net increase in interest bearing deposits with banks(236,531) (204,085)
Net increase in loans(1,303,218) (1,286,736)(1,176,279) (1,303,218)
Redemption of BOLI659
 2,701

 659
Purchases of premises and equipment, net(28,276) (29,375)(39,583) (28,276)
Net Cash Used for Investing Activities(2,012,302) (822,449)(1,688,317) (2,012,302)
Financing Activities:      
Increase in deposit accounts2,408,216
 970,090
1,236,548
 2,408,216
(Decrease) increase in other borrowings, net(24,545) 38,775
Decrease in Federal Home Loan Bank advances, net(440,257) (293,360)
Decrease in subordinated notes and other borrowings, net(20,111) (24,545)
Increase (decrease) in Federal Home Loan Bank advances, net313,000
 (440,257)
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock, net152,823
 

 152,823
Proceeds from the issuance of preferred stock, net
 120,842
Redemption of junior subordinated debentures, net(10,695) 

 (10,695)
Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation arrangements399
 660
Issuance of common shares resulting from the exercise of stock options and the employee stock purchase plan9,796
 14,413
Common stock repurchases(549) (415)
Issuance of common shares resulting from the exercise of stock options, employee stock purchase plan and conversion of common stock warrants23,360
 9,796
Common stock repurchases for tax withholdings related to stock-based compensation(295) (549)
Dividends paid(28,730) (20,486)(30,660) (28,730)
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities2,066,458
 830,519
1,521,842
 2,066,059
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents(28,848) 19,948
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents(18,093) (28,848)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period275,795
 230,707
270,045
 275,795
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$246,947
 $250,655
$251,952
 $246,947
See accompanying notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(1) Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements of Wintrust Financial Corporation and Subsidiaries (“Wintrust” or “the Company”) presented herein are unaudited, but in the opinion of management reflect all necessary adjustments of a normal or recurring nature for a fair presentation of results as of the dates and for the periods covered by the consolidated financial statements.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are unaudited and do not include information or footnotes necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations or cash flows in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20152016 (“20152016 Form 10-K”). Operating results reported for the three-month and nine-month periodsperiod are not necessarily indicative of the results which may be expected for the entire year. Reclassifications of certain prior period amounts have been made to conform to the current period presentation.

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities. Management believes that the estimates made are reasonable, however, changes in estimates may be required if economic or other conditions develop differently from management’s expectations. Certain policies and accounting principles inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments and as such have a greater possibility of producing results that could be materially different than originally reported. Management views critical accounting policies to be those which are highly dependent on subjective or complex judgments, estimates and assumptions, and where changes in those estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on the financial statements. Management currently views the determination of the allowance for loan losses, allowance for covered loan losses and the allowance for losses on lending-related commitments, loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, estimations of fair value, the valuations required for impairment testing of goodwill, the valuation and accounting for derivative instruments and income taxes as the accounting areas that require the most subjective and complex judgments, and as such could be the most subject to revision as new information becomes available. Descriptions of the Company's significant accounting policies are included in Note 1 - “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the 20152016 Form 10-K.

(2) Recent Accounting Developments

Revenue Recognition

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, which created "Revenue“Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)," to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and develop a common revenue standard for customer contracts. This ASU provides guidance regarding how an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The ASU also added a new subtopic to the codification, ASC 340-40, "Other“Other Assets and Deferred Costs: Contracts with Customers"Customers” to provide guidance on costs related to obtaining and fulfilling a customer contract. Furthermore, the new standard requires disclosure of sufficient information to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. At the time ASU No. 2014-09 was issued, the guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. In July 2015, the FASB approved a deferral of the effective date by one year, which would result in the guidance becoming effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017.

The FASB has continued to issue various Updates to clarify and improve specific areas of ASU No. 2014-09. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, "Revenue“Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net)," to clarify the implementation guidance within ASU No. 2014-09 surrounding principal versus agent considerations and its impact on revenue recognition. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, "Revenue“Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing," to also clarify the implementation guidance within ASU No. 2014-09 related to these two topics. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-11, "Revenue“Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) and Derivative and Hedging (Topic 815): Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting," to remove certain areas of SEC Staff Guidance from those specific Topics. Additionally, inIn May 2016 and December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, "Revenue“Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients,"Expedients” and ASU 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers,” to clarify specific aspects of implementation, including the collectibilitycollectability criterion, exclusion of sales taxes collected from a transaction price, noncash consideration, contract modifications, and completed contracts at transition.transition, the applicability of loan guarantee fees, impairment of

capitalized contract costs and certain disclosure requirements. In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets,” to clarify the implementation guidance within ASU No. 2014-09 surrounding transfers of nonfinancial assets, including partial sales of such assets, and its impact on revenue recognition. Like ASU No. 2014-09, this guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017.

The Company is currently evaluatingcontinues to evaluate the impact on the consolidated financial statements of adopting this new guidance. As certain significant revenue sources related to financial instruments such as interest income are considered not in-scope, the Company does not believe the new guidance will have a significant impact on theits consolidated financial statements.

Extraordinary and Unusual Items

In January 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-01, “Income Statement - Extraordinary and Unusual Items (Subtopic 225-20): Simplifying Income Statement Presentation by Eliminating the Concept The Company is currently completing reviews of Extraordinary Items,” to eliminate the conceptspecific contracts with customers across its various sources of extraordinary itemsrevenue, primarily related to separately classifying, presenting and disclosing certain events and transactionsrevenue from its wealth management segment. Contract reviews assist in identifying any characteristics of such contracts that meet the criteria for that concept. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and did not havecould result in a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Consolidation

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, “Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis,” which changes the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and did not have a material impact onchange in the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In October 2016,current practices for recognition of revenue and recognition of costs incurred to obtain or fulfill such contracts. Additionally, during these contract reviews, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, "Consolidation (Topic 810): Interest Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control," to amend guidanceCompany is considering any disclosure impact that may arise from ASU No. 2015-02 regarding how a reporting entity treats indirect interests in a variable interest entity ("VIE") held through related parties under common control when determining whether the reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of such VIE. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a retrospective approach.characteristics identified. The Company does not expect thisexpects to adopt the new guidance to have a material impact onusing the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Debt Issuance Costs

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, "Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs," to clarify the presentation of debt issuance costs within the balance sheet. This ASU requires that an entity present debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability on the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, not as a separate asset. The ASU does not affect the current guidance for the recognition and measurement for these debt issuance costs. Additionally, in August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-15, "Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line-of-Credit Arrangements (Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcement at June 18, 2015 EITF Meeting)," to further clarify the presentation of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit agreements. This ASU states the SEC would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit agreements as an asset on the balance sheet and subsequently amortizing these costs ratably over the term of the agreement, regardless of any outstanding borrowing under the line-of-credit agreement. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and was applied retrospectively within the Company’s consolidated financial statements. For December 31, 2015 and September 30, 2015, the Company reclassified as a direct reduction to the related debt balance $7.8 million and $8.7 million, respectively, of debt issuance costs that were previously presented as accrued interest receivable and other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Condition.

Business Combinations

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments," to simplify the accounting for subsequent adjustments made to provisional amounts recognized at the acquisition date of a business combination. This ASU eliminates the requirement to retrospectively account for these adjustment for all prior periods impacted. The acquirer is required to recognize these adjustments identified during the measurement period in the reporting period in which the adjustment amount is determined. Additionally, the ASU requires an entity to present separately on the face of the income statement or disclose in the notes the portion of the amount recorded in current-period earnings that would have been recorded in previous reporting periods if the adjustment had been recognized at the acquisition date. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015 and did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.modified retrospective approach.

Financial Instruments

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "FinancialFinancial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," to improve the accounting for financial instruments. This ASU requires    equity investments with readily determinable fair values to be measured at fair value with changes recognized in net

income regardless of classification. For equity investments without a readily determinable fair value, the value of the investment would be measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer instead of fair value, unless a qualitative assessment indicates impairment. Additionally, this ASU requires the separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and is to be applied prospectively with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company is currently evaluating thedoes not expect this guidance to have a material impact of adopting this new guidance on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Leases

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "LeasesLeases (Topic 842)," to improve transparency and comparability across entities regarding leasing arrangements. This ASU requires the recognition of a separate lease liability representing the required discounted lease payments over the lease term and a separate lease asset representing the right to use the underlying asset during the same lease term. Additionally, this ASU provides clarification regarding the identification of certain components of contracts that would represent a lease as well as requires additional disclosures to the notes of the financial statements. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach, including the option to apply certain practical expedients.

The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements. Excluding any impact from the clarification of contracts representing a lease, the Company expects to recognize separate lease liabilities and right to use assets for the amounts related to certain facilities under operating lease agreements disclosed in Note 15 - Minimum Lease Commitments in the 2016 Form 10-K. Additionally, the Company does not expect to significantly change operating lease agreements prior to adoption.

Derivatives

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-05, "DerivativesDerivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships," to clarify guidance surrounding the effect on an existing hedging relationship of a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as a hedging instrument. This ASU states that a change in counterparty to such derivative instrument does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met. This guidance iswas effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied either under a prospective or a modified retrospective approach. The Company doesdid not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, to improve the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better align the economic results of an entity’s risk management activities and disclosures within its financial statements. In addition, this ASU makes certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of the hedge accounting to derivative instruments. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Guidance related to existing cash

flow hedges is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach and guidance related to amended presentation and disclosures is to be applied under a prospective approach. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period that has not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company has not early adopted this guidance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements.

Equity Method Investments

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, "InvestmentsInvestments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting," to simplify the accounting for investments qualifying for the use of the equity method of accounting. This ASU eliminates the requirement to retroactively adopt the equity method of accounting when an investment qualifies for such method as a result of an increase in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence. The ASU requires the equity method investor add the cost of acquiring the additional interest to the current basis and adopt the equity method of accounting as of that date going forward. Additionally, for available-for-sale equity securities that become qualified for equity method accounting, the ASU requires the related unrealized holding gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income be recognized in earnings at the date the investment qualifies for such accounting. This guidance iswas effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a prospective approach. The Company doesdid not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Employee Share-Based Compensation

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, "CompensationCompensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting," to simplify the accounting for several areas of share-based payment transactions. This includesincluded the recognition of all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies as income tax expense instead of surplus, the classification on the statement of cash flows of excess tax benefits and taxes paid when the employer withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes. Additionally, related to forfeitures, the ASU provides the option to estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest or account for forfeitures as they occur. This guidance iswas effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods2016. In the first nine months of 2017, the Company recorded $5.0 million of excess tax benefits within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective and retrospective approach based upon the specific amendment of the ASU. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidanceincome tax expense on the consolidated financial statements.Consolidated Statements of Income as a result of adoption.





Allowance for Credit Losses

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, "FinancialFinancial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments," to replace the current incurred loss methodology for recognizing credit losses, which delays recognition until it is probable a loss has been incurred, with a methodology that reflects an estimate of all expected credit losses and considers additional reasonable and supportable forecasted information when determining credit loss estimates. This impacts the calculation of the allowance for credit losses for all financial assets measured under the amortized cost basis, including purchased credit impaired ("PCI")PCI loans at the time of and subsequent to acquisition. Additionally, credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities would be recorded through the allowance for credit losses and not as a direct adjustment to the amortized cost of the securities. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach.

The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements as well as the impact on current systems and processes. Specifically, the Company has established a group consisting of individuals from the various areas of the Company tasked with transitioning to the new requirements. At this time, the Company is reviewing potential methodologies for estimating expected credit losses using reasonable and supportable forecast information and has identified certain historical data and system requirements.

Statement of Cash Flows

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "StatementStatement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force)," to clarify the presentation of specific types of cash flow receipts and payments, including the payment of debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, contingent consideration cash payments paid subsequent to the acquisition date and proceeds from settlement of BOLI policies. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a retrospective approach, if practicable. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18 Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force),to clarify the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within

those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a retrospective approach. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, "Income“Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory," to improve the accounting for intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. This ASU allows the recognition of current and deferred income taxes for such transfers prior to the subsequent sale of the transferred assets to an outside party. Initial recognition of current and deferred income taxes is currently prohibited for intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach through cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Consolidation

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, Consolidation (Topic 810): Interest Held through Related Parties That Are under Common Control,to amend guidance from ASU No. 2015-02 regarding how a reporting entity treats indirect interests in a variable interest entity (“VIE”) held through related parties under common control when determining whether the reporting entity is the primary beneficiary of such VIE. This guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Business Combinations

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business,” to improve such definition and, as a result, assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or as business combinations. The definition of a business impacts many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill and consolidation. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a prospective approach. The Company expects the adoption of this new guidance to impact the determination of whether future acquisitions are considered a business combination and the resulting impact of such determination on the consolidated financial statements.

Goodwill

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment,” to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill. When the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an entity would no longer be required to determine goodwill impairment by assigning the fair value of a reporting unit to all of its assets and liabilities as if that reporting unit was acquired in a business combination. Goodwill impairment would be recognized according to the excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit over the calculated fair value of such unit. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a prospective approach. The Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Compensation

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,” to improve the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic postretirement benefit cost. An entity will be required to report the service cost component of such costs in the same line item or items as other compensation costs related to services rendered. Additionally, only the service cost component will be eligible for capitalization when applicable. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a retrospective approach related to presentation of the service cost component and a prospective approach related to capitalization of such costs. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period that has not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company has not early adopted this guidance. When adopted, the Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, “Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting,” to clarify when modification accounting is appropriate for changes to the terms and conditions of a share-based payment award. An entity will be required to account for such changes as a modification unless certain criteria is met. This guidance

is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a prospective approach for awards modified on or after the adoption date. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period that has not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company has not early adopted this guidance. When adopted, the Company does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

Amortization of Premium on Certain Debt Securities

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, “Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities,” to amend the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The amortization period for such securities will be shortened to the earliest call date. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and is to be applied under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period that has not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company has not early adopted this guidance. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this new guidance on the consolidated financial statements.

(3) Business Combinations

Non-FDIC Assisted Bank Acquisitions

On November 18, 2016, the Company acquired First Community Financial Corporation ("FCFC"). FCFC was the parent company of First Community Bank. Through this transaction, the Company acquired First Community Bank's two banking locations in Elgin, Illinois. First Community Bank was merged into the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary St. Charles Bank & Trust Company ("St. Charles Bank"). The Company acquired assets with a fair value of approximately $187.2 million, including approximately $79.5 million of loans, and assumed deposits with a fair value of approximately $150.3 million. Additionally, the Company recorded goodwill of $13.8 million on the acquisition.

On August 19, 2016, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Lake Forest Bank & Trust Company ("Lake Forest Bank"), acquired approximately $560.9$561.4 million in performing loans and related relationships from an affiliate of GE Capital Franchise Finance. The loans are to franchise operators (primarily quick service restaurant concepts) in the Midwest and in the Western portion of the United States.

On March 31, 2016, the Company acquired Generations Bancorp, IncInc. ("Generations"). Generations was the parent company of Foundations Bank, which had one banking location in Pewaukee, Wisconsin. Foundations Bank was merged into the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary Town Bank. The Company acquired assets with a fair value of approximately $131.0$134.2 million, including approximately $67.4 million of loans, and assumed deposits with a fair value of approximately $100.2 million. Additionally, the Company recorded goodwill of $11.5 million on the acquisition.

On July 24, 2015, the Company acquired Community Financial Shares, Inc ("CFIS"). CFIS was the parent company of Community Bank - Wheaton/Glen Ellyn ("CBWGE"), which had four banking locations. CBWGE was merged into the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary Wheaton Bank & Trust Company ("Wheaton Bank"). The Company acquired assets with a fair value of approximately $350.5 million, including approximately $159.5 million of loans, and assumed deposits with a fair value of approximately $290.0 million. Additionally, the Company recorded goodwill of $27.6 million on the acquisition.

On July 17, 2015, the Company acquired Suburban Illinois Bancorp, Inc. ("Suburban"). Suburban was the parent company of Suburban Bank & Trust Company ("SBT"), which operated ten banking locations. SBT was merged into the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary Hinsdale Bank & Trust Company ("Hinsdale Bank"). The Company acquired assets with a fair value of

approximately $494.7 million, including approximately $257.8 million of loans, and assumed deposits with a fair value of approximately $416.7 million. Additionally, the Company recorded goodwill of $18.6 million on the acquisition.

On July 1, 2015, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary Wintrust Bank, acquired North Bank, which had two banking locations. The Company acquired assets with a fair value of $117.9 million, including approximately $51.6 million of loans, and assumed deposits with a fair value of approximately $101.0 million. Additionally, the Company recorded goodwill of $6.7 million on the acquisition.

On January 16, 2015, the Company acquired Delavan Bancshares, Inc. ("Delavan"). Delavan was the parent company of Community Bank CBD, which had four banking locations. Community Bank CBD was merged into the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary Town Bank. The Company acquired assets with a fair value of approximately $224.1 million, including approximately $128.0 million of loans, and assumed liabilities with a fair value of approximately $186.4 million, including approximately $170.2 million of deposits. Additionally the Company recorded goodwill of $16.8 million on the acquisition.

FDIC-Assisted Transactions

SinceFrom 2010 to 2012, the Company acquired the banking operations, including the acquisition of certain assets and the assumption of liabilities, of nine financial institutions in FDIC-assisted transactions. Loans comprise the majority of the assets acquired in nearly all of these FDIC-assisted transactions, most of which eight such transactions are subject to loss sharing agreements with the FDIC whereby the FDIC has agreed to reimburse the Company for 80% of losses incurred on the purchased loans, other real estate owned (“OREO”), and certain other assets. Additionally, clawback provisions within these loss share agreements with the FDIC require the Company to reimburse the FDIC in the event that actual losses on covered assets are lower than the original loss estimates agreed upon with the FDIC with respect of such assets in the loss share agreements. The Company refers to the loans subject to these loss sharing agreements as “covered loans” and uses the term “covered assets” to refer to covered loans, covered OREO and certain other covered assets.assets during periods subject to such agreements. The agreements with the FDIC require that the Company follow certain servicing procedures or risk losing the FDIC reimbursement of covered asset losses.

TheAs of dates subject to such agreements, the loans covered by the loss sharingshare agreements are classified and presented as covered loans and the estimated reimbursable losses are recorded as an FDIC indemnification asset or other liability in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. The Company recorded the acquired assets and liabilities at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The fair value for loans reflected expected credit losses at the acquisition date. Therefore, the Company will only recognize a provision for credit losses and charge-offs on the acquired loans for any further credit deterioration subsequent to the acquisition date. See Note 7 — Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans for further discussion of the allowance on covered loans.


The loss share agreements with the FDIC cover realized losses on loans, foreclosed real estate and certain other assets and require the Company to record loss share assets and liabilities that are measured separately from the loan portfolios because they are not contractually embedded in the loans and are not transferable with the loans should the Company choose to dispose of them. Fair values at the acquisition dates were estimated based on projected cash flows available for loss share based on the credit adjustments estimated for each loan pool and the loss share percentages. The loss share assets and liabilities are recorded as FDIC indemnification assets and other liabilities, respectively, on the Consolidated Statements of Condition.Condition as of dates covered by loss share agreements. Subsequent to the acquisition date, reimbursements received from the FDIC for actual incurred losses will reduce the FDIC indemnification assets. Reductions to expected losses, to the extent such reductions to expected losses are the result of an improvement to the actual or expected cash flows from the covered assets, will also reduce the FDIC indemnification assets and, if necessary, increase any loss share liability when necessary reductions exceed the current value of the FDIC indemnification assets. In accordance with the clawback provision noted above, the Company may be required to reimburse the FDIC when actual losses are less than certain thresholds established for each loseloss share agreement. The balance of these estimated reimbursements in accordance with clawback provisions and any related amortization are adjusted periodically for changes in the expected losses on covered assets. On the Consolidated Statements of Condition as of dates subject to loss share agreements, estimated reimbursements from clawback provisions are recorded as a reduction to the FDIC indemnification asset or, if necessary, an increase to the loss share liability, which is included within accrued interest payable and other liabilities. In the second quarter of 2017, the Company recorded a $4.9 million reduction to the estimated loss share liability as a result of an adjustment related to such clawback provisions. Although these assets are contractual receivables from the FDIC and these liabilities are contractual payables to the FDIC, there are no contractual interest rates. Additional expected losses, to the extent such expected losses result in recognition of an allowance for covered loan losses, will increase the FDIC indemnification asset or reduce the FDIC indemnification liability. The corresponding amortization is recorded as a component of non-interest income on the Consolidated Statements of Income.





Income during periods covered by loss share agreements.

The following table summarizes the activity in the Company’s FDIC indemnification (liability) assetliability during the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)
September 30,
2016
 
September 30,
2015
 
September 30,
2016
 
September 30,
2015
Balance at beginning of period$(11,729) $3,429
 $(6,100) $11,846
Additions from acquisitions
 
 
 
Additions from reimbursable expenses21
 1,039
 752
 3,548
Accretion (amortization)4
 (718) (189) (3,184)
Changes in expected reimbursements from the FDIC for changes in expected credit losses(4,537) (5,236) (10,284) (13,546)
Payments received from the FDIC(1,704) (1,547) (2,124) (1,697)
Balance at end of period$(17,945) $(3,033) $(17,945) $(3,033)
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Balance at beginning of period$15,375
 $11,729
 $16,701
 $6,100
Reductions from reimbursable expenses(159) (21) (316) (751)
Amortization311
 456
 1,010
 1,322
Changes in expected reimbursements from (to) the FDIC for changes in expected credit losses and reimbursable expenses994
 4,077
 (1,665) 9,150
Payments (paid to) received from the FDIC(1,049) 1,704
 (258) 2,124
Balance at end of period$15,472
 $17,945
 $15,472
 $17,945

On October 16, 2017, the Company entered into agreements with the FDIC that terminate all existing loss share agreements with the FDIC. See Note 17 - Subsequent Events for further discussion of the termination of FDIC loss share agreements.

Mortgage Banking Acquisitions

On February 14, 2017, the Company acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the mortgage banking business of American Homestead Mortgage, LLC ("AHM"). The Company recorded goodwill of $999,000 on the acquisition.

PCI Loans

Purchased loans acquired in a business combination are recorded at estimated fair value on their purchase date. Expected future cash flows at the purchase date in excess of the fair value of loans are recorded as interest income over the life of the loans if the timing and amount of the future cash flows is reasonably estimable (“accretable yield”). The difference between contractually required payments and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as the non-accretable difference and represents probable losses in the portfolio.

In determining the acquisition date fair value of PCI loans, and in subsequent accounting, the Company aggregates these purchased loans into pools of loans by common risk characteristics, such as credit risk rating and loan type. Subsequent to the purchase date, increases in cash flows over those expected at the purchase date are recognized as interest income prospectively. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows will generally result in a provision for loan losses.


The Company purchased a portfolio of life insurance premium finance receivables in 2009. These purchased life insurance premium finance receivables are valued on an individual basis with the accretable component being recognized into interest income using the effective yield method over the estimated remaining life of the loans. The non-accretable portion is evaluated each quarter and if the loans’ credit related conditions improve, a portion is transferred to the accretable component and accreted over future periods. In the event a specific loan prepays in whole, any remaining accretable and non-accretable discount is recognized in income immediately.basis. If credit related conditions deteriorate, an allowance related to these loans will be established as part of the provision for credit losses.

See Note 6—Loans, for additional information on PCI loans.

(4) Cash and Cash Equivalents

For purposes of the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the Company considers cash and cash equivalents to include cash on hand, cash items in the process of collection, non-interest bearing amounts due from correspondent banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements with original maturities of three months or less.


(5) Investment Securities

The following tables are a summary of the available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities portfolios as of the dates shown:
September 30, 2016September 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
Available-for-sale securities              
U.S. Treasury$30,017
 $19
 $
 $30,036
$144,872
 $
 $(727) $144,145
U.S. Government agencies93,561
 163
 (41) 93,683
159,884
 10
 (566) 159,328
Municipal106,033
 3,395
 (147) 109,281
113,796
 2,493
 (273) 116,016
Corporate notes:              
Financial issuers65,215
 299
 (1,311) 64,203
60,325
 63
 (771) 59,617
Other1,000
 
 
 1,000
1,000
 
 (3) 997
Mortgage-backed: (1)
              
Mortgage-backed securities1,257,070
 7,958
 (54) 1,264,974
1,114,655
 1,477
 (30,436) 1,085,696
Collateralized mortgage obligations35,935
 304
 (102) 36,137
63,934
 230
 (412) 63,752
Equity securities48,568
 2,998
 (784) 50,782
33,166
 3,867
 (681) 36,352
Total available-for-sale securities$1,637,399
 $15,136
 $(2,439) $1,650,096
$1,691,632
 $8,140
 $(33,869) $1,665,903
Held-to-maturity securities              
U.S. Government agencies$729,417
 $7,577
 $(2,879) $734,115
$585,061
 $249
 $(12,579) $572,731
Municipal203,350
 5,515
 (314) 208,551
234,279
 2,185
 (2,159) 234,305
Total held-to-maturity securities$932,767
 $13,092
 $(3,193) $942,666
$819,340
 $2,434
 $(14,738) $807,036
December 31, 2015December 31, 2016
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)  
Available-for-sale securities              
U.S. Treasury$312,282
 $
 $(5,553) $306,729
$142,741
 $1
 $(759) $141,983
U.S. Government agencies70,313
 198
 (275) 70,236
189,540
 47
 (435) 189,152
Municipal105,702
 3,249
 (356) 108,595
129,446
 2,969
 (606) 131,809
Corporate notes:              
Financial issuers80,014
 1,510
 (1,481) 80,043
65,260
 132
 (1,000) 64,392
Other1,500
 4
 (2) 1,502
1,000
 
 (1) 999
Mortgage-backed: (1)
              
Mortgage-backed securities1,069,680
 3,834
 (21,004) 1,052,510
1,185,448
 284
 (54,330) 1,131,402
Collateralized mortgage obligations40,421
 172
 (506) 40,087
30,105
 67
 (490) 29,682
Equity securities51,380
 5,799
 (493) 56,686
32,608
 3,429
 (789) 35,248
Total available-for-sale securities$1,731,292
 $14,766
 $(29,670) $1,716,388
$1,776,148
 $6,929
 $(58,410) $1,724,667
Held-to-maturity securities              
U.S. Government agencies$687,302
 $4
 $(7,144) $680,162
$433,343
 $7
 $(24,470) $408,880
Municipal197,524
 867
 (442) 197,949
202,362
 647
 (4,287) 198,722
Total held-to-maturity securities$884,826
 $871
 $(7,586) $878,111
$635,705
 $654
 $(28,757) $607,602

September 30, 2015September 30, 2016
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
(Dollars in thousands)  
Available-for-sale securities              
U.S. Treasury$288,185
 $101
 $(2,364) $285,922
$30,017
 $19
 $
 $30,036
U.S. Government agencies657,297
 2,726
 (15,000) 645,023
93,561
 163
 (41) 93,683
Municipal294,073
 5,354
 (2,085) 297,342
106,033
 3,395
 (147) 109,281
Corporate notes:              
Financial issuers114,976
 1,656
 (1,216) 115,416
65,215
 299
 (1,311) 64,203
Other1,525
 6
 (2) 1,529
1,000
 
 
 1,000
Mortgage-backed: (1)
              
Mortgage-backed securities778,240
 4,974
 (10,913) 772,301
1,257,070
 7,958
 (54) 1,264,974
Collateralized mortgage obligations42,724
 343
 (323) 42,744
35,935
 304
 (102) 36,137
Equity securities49,356
 4,993
 (345) 54,004
48,568
 2,998
 (784) 50,782
Total available-for-sale securities$2,226,376
 $20,153
 $(32,248) $2,214,281
$1,637,399
 $15,136
 $(2,439) $1,650,096
Held-to-maturity securities              
U.S. Government agencies$
 $
 $
 $
$729,417
 $7,577
 $(2,879) $734,115
Municipal
 
 
 
203,350
 5,515
 (314) 208,551
Total held-to-maturity securities$
 $
 $
 $
$932,767
 $13,092
 $(3,193) $942,666
(1)Consisting entirely of residential mortgage-backed securities, none of which are subprime.


In the fourth quarter of 2015, the Company transferred $862.7 million of investment securities with an unrealized loss of $14.4 million from the available-for-sale classification to the held-to-maturity classification. No investment securities were transferred from the available-for-sale classification to the held-to-maturity classification in the first nine months of 2016.

The following table presents the portion of the Company’s available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities portfolios which has gross unrealized losses, reflecting the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2016:2017:
Continuous unrealized
losses existing for
less than 12 months
 
Continuous unrealized
losses existing for
greater than 12 months
 Total
Continuous unrealized
losses existing for
less than 12 months
 
Continuous unrealized
losses existing for
greater than 12 months
 Total
(Dollars in thousands)Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized LossesFair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses Fair Value Unrealized Losses
Available-for-sale securities                      
U.S. Treasury$
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
$144,144
 $(727) $
 $
 $144,144
 $(727)
U.S. Government agencies35,173
 (41) 
 
 35,173
 (41)112,268
 (451) 41,980
 (115) 154,248
 (566)
Municipal13,062
 (45) 7,766
 (102) 20,828
 (147)24,117
 (138) 10,725
 (135) 34,842
 (273)
Corporate notes:                      
Financial issuers10,000
 (1) 34,650
 (1,310) 44,650
 (1,311)
 
 35,194
 (771) 35,194
 (771)
Other
 
 
 
 
 

 
 997
 (3) 997
 (3)
Mortgage-backed:                      
Mortgage-backed securities1,017
 (22) 4,019
 (32) 5,036
 (54)51,035
 (6,629) 798,152
 (23,807) 849,187
 (30,436)
Collateralized mortgage obligations1,255
 (2) 7,499
 (100) 8,754
 (102)25,685
 (195) 7,216
 (217) 32,901
 (412)
Equity securities16,550
 (481) 8,787
 (303) 25,337
 (784)9,177
 (283) 6,102
 (398) 15,279
 (681)
Total available-for-sale securities$77,057
 $(592) $62,721
 $(1,847) $139,778
 $(2,439)$366,426
 $(8,423) $900,366
 $(25,446) $1,266,792
 $(33,869)
Held-to-maturity securities                      
U.S. Government agencies$240,400
 $(2,879) $
 $
 $240,400
 $(2,879)$400,980
 $(12,579) $
 $
 $400,980
 $(12,579)
Municipal11,925
 (204) 9,239
 (110) 21,164
 (314)115,384
 (2,159) 
 
 115,384
 (2,159)
Total held-to-maturity securities$252,325
 $(3,083) $9,239
 $(110) $261,564
 $(3,193)$516,364
 $(14,738) $
 $
 $516,364
 $(14,738)

The Company conducts a regular assessment of its investment securities to determine whether securities are other-than-temporarily impaired considering, among other factors, the nature of the securities, credit ratings or financial condition of the issuer, the extent and duration of the unrealized loss, expected cash flows, market conditions and the Company’s ability to hold the securities through the anticipated recovery period.

The Company does not consider securities with unrealized losses at September 30, 20162017 to be other-than-temporarily impaired. The Company does not intend to sell these investments and it is more likely than not that the Company will not be required to sell these investments before recovery of the amortized cost bases, which may be the maturity dates of the securities. The unrealized losses within each category have occurred as a result of changes in interest rates, market spreads and market conditions subsequent to purchase. Securities with continuous unrealized losses existing for more than twelve months were primarily corporate notes

and mortgage-backed securities. Unrealized losses recognized on corporate notes and mortgage-backed securities are the result of increases in yields for similar types of securities.















The following table provides information as to the amount of gross gains and gross losses realized and proceeds received through the sale or call of investment securities:

Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016 2017 2016
Realized gains$3,429
 $87
 $7,466
 $654
$58
 $3,429
 $106
 $7,466
Realized losses(124) (185) (1,396) (252)(19) (124) (75) (1,396)
Net realized gains (losses)$3,305
 $(98) $6,070
 $402
Net realized gains$39
 $3,305
 $31
 $6,070
Other than temporary impairment charges
 
 
 

 
 
 
Gains (losses) on investment securities, net$3,305
 $(98) $6,070
 $402
Gains on investment securities, net$39
 $3,305
 $31
 $6,070
Proceeds from sales and calls of available-for-sale securities$1,114,666
 $82,827
 $2,186,662
 $1,216,860
$136,789
 $1,114,666
 $146,518
 $2,186,662
Proceeds from calls of held-to-maturity securities141,885
 
 423,866
 
17
 141,885
 51,079
 423,866


The amortized cost and fair value of securities as of September 30, 20162017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 20152016, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Contractual maturities may differ from actual maturities as borrowers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Mortgage-backed securities determined to be available-for-sale are not included in the maturity categories in the following maturity summary as actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because the underlying mortgages may be called or prepaid without penalties:
September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2015September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair ValueAmortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value Amortized Cost Fair Value
Available-for-sale securities                      
Due in one year or less$115,227
 $115,487
 $160,856
 $160,756
 $164,374
 $164,429
$150,907
 $150,241
 $145,353
 $145,062
 $115,227
 $115,487
Due in one to five years141,364
 141,368
 166,550
 166,468
 186,199
 186,592
282,443
 282,121
 321,019
 320,423
 141,364
 141,368
Due in five to ten years28,696
 31,319
 228,652
 225,699
 343,468
 342,271
38,339
 39,458
 27,319
 28,451
 28,696
 31,319
Due after ten years10,539
 10,029
 13,753
 14,182
 662,015
 651,940
8,188
 8,283
 34,296
 34,399
 10,539
 10,029
Mortgage-backed1,293,005
 1,301,111
 1,110,101
 1,092,597
 820,964
 815,045
1,178,589
 1,149,448
 1,215,553
 1,161,084
 1,293,005
 1,301,111
Equity securities48,568
 50,782
 51,380
 56,686
 49,356
 54,004
33,166
 36,352
 32,608
 35,248
 48,568
 50,782
Total available-for-sale securities$1,637,399
 $1,650,096
 $1,731,292
 $1,716,388
 $2,226,376
 $2,214,281
$1,691,632
 $1,665,903
 $1,776,148
 $1,724,667
 $1,637,399
 $1,650,096
Held-to-maturity securities                      
Due in one year or less$
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
$170
 $171
 $
 $
 $
 $
Due in one to five years25,927
 26,023
 19,208
 19,156
 
 
36,914
 36,734
 29,794
 29,416
 25,927
 26,023
Due in five to ten years64,835
 65,842
 96,454
 96,091
 
 
193,387
 192,581
 69,664
 67,820
 64,835
 65,842
Due after ten years842,005
 850,801
 769,164
 762,864
 
 
588,869
 577,550
 536,247
 510,366
 842,005
 850,801
Total held-to-maturity securities$932,767
 $942,666
 $884,826
 $878,111
 $
 $
$819,340
 $807,036
 $635,705
 $607,602
 $932,767
 $942,666
Securities having a fair value of $1.4$1.6 billion at September 30, 20162017 as well as securities having a fair value of $1.2 billion and $1.3$1.4 billion at December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015, respectively,2016 were pledged as collateral for public deposits, trust deposits, Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") advances, securities sold under repurchase agreements and derivatives. At September 30, 20162017, there were no securities of a single issuer, other than U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities, which exceeded 10% of shareholders’ equity.

(6) Loans

The following table shows the Company’s loan portfolio by category as of the dates shown:
September 30, December 31, September 30,September 30, December 31, September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2015 20152017 2016 2016
Balance:          
Commercial$5,951,544
 $4,713,909
 $4,400,185
$6,456,034
 $6,005,422
 $5,951,544
Commercial real estate5,908,684
 5,529,289
 5,307,566
6,400,781
 6,196,087
 5,908,684
Home equity742,868
 784,675
 797,465
672,969
 725,793
 742,868
Residential real estate663,598
 607,451
 571,743
789,499
 705,221
 663,598
Premium finance receivables—commercial2,430,233
 2,374,921
 2,407,075
2,664,912
 2,478,581
 2,430,233
Premium finance receivables—life insurance3,283,359
 2,961,496
 2,700,275
3,795,474
 3,470,027
 3,283,359
Consumer and other120,975
 146,376
 131,902
133,112
 122,041
 120,975
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$19,101,261
 $17,118,117
 $16,316,211
$20,912,781
 $19,703,172
 $19,101,261
Covered loans95,940
 148,673
 168,609
46,601
 58,145
 95,940
Total loans$19,197,201
 $17,266,790
 $16,484,820
$20,959,382
 $19,761,317
 $19,197,201
Mix:          
Commercial31% 27% 27%31% 30% 31%
Commercial real estate31
 32
 32
31
 31
 31
Home equity4
 5
 5
3
 4
 4
Residential real estate3
 3
 3
3
 4
 3
Premium finance receivables—commercial13
 14
 15
13
 12
 13
Premium finance receivables—life insurance17
 17
 16
18
 18
 17
Consumer and other1
 1
 1
1
 1
 1
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans100% 99% 99%100% 100% 100%
Covered loans
 1
 1

 
 
Total loans100% 100% 100%100% 100% 100%

The Company’s loan portfolio is generally comprised of loans to consumers and small to medium-sized businesses located within the geographic market areas that the banks serve. The premium finance receivables portfolios are made to customers throughout the United States and Canada. The Company strives to maintain a loan portfolio that is diverse in terms of loan type, industry, borrower and geographic concentrations. Such diversification reduces the exposure to economic downturns that may occur in different segments of the economy or in different industries.

Certain premium finance receivables are recorded net of unearned income. The unearned income portions of such premium finance receivables were $80.4 million at September 30, 2017, $69.6 million at December 31, 2016 and $64.4 million at September 30, 2016, $56.7 million at December 31, 2015 and $53.4 million at September 30, 2015, respectively. Certain life insurance premium finance receivables attributable to the life insurance premium finance loan acquisition in 2009 as well as PCI loans are recorded net of credit discounts. See “Acquired Loan Information at Acquisition” below.2016.

Total loans, excluding PCI loans, include net deferred loan fees and costs and fair value purchase accounting adjustments totaling $8.0 million at September 30, 2017, $2.6 million at December 31, 2016 and $873,000 at September 30, 2016, $(9.2) million2016. PCI loans are recorded net of credit discounts. See “Acquired Loan Information at December 31, 2015 and $(18.8) million at September 30, 2015. The net credit balance at December 31, 2015 and September 30, 2015, is primarily the result of purchase accounting adjustments related to acquisitions in 2015.Acquisition” below.

It is the policy of the Company to review each prospective credit in order to determine the appropriateness and, when required, the adequacy of security or collateral necessary to obtain when making a loan. The type of collateral, when required, will vary from liquid assets to real estate. The Company seeks to ensure access to collateral, in the event of default, through adherence to state lending laws and the Company’s credit monitoring procedures.

Acquired Loan Information at Acquisition—PCI Loans

As part of the Company's previous acquisitions, the Company acquired loans for which there was evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination (PCI loans) and we determined that it was probable that the Company would be unable to collect all contractually required principal and interest payments. The following table presents the unpaid principal balance and carrying value for these acquired loans:
  September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015
 (Dollars in thousands)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Carrying
Value
 Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 Carrying
Value
 
 Bank acquisitions$278,862
 $233,340
 $326,470
 $271,260
 Life insurance premium finance loans acquisition266,618
 262,887
 372,738
 368,292

The following table provides estimated details as of the date of acquisition on loans acquired in 2016 with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination:
(Dollars in thousands)Foundations Bank
Contractually required payments including interest$20,091
Less: Nonaccretable difference4,009
   Cash flows expected to be collected (1)  
$16,082
Less: Accretable yield1,082
    Fair value of PCI loans acquired$15,000

(1) Represents undiscounted expected principal and interest cash at acquisition.
  September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 (Dollars in thousands)
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Carrying
Value
 Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 Carrying
Value
 
 PCI loans$406,891
 $379,407
 $509,446
 $471,786

See Note 7—Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans for further discussion regarding the allowance for loan losses associated with PCI loans at September 30, 2016.2017.

Accretable Yield Activity - PCI Loans

Changes in expected cash flows may vary from period to period as the Company periodically updates its cash flow model assumptions for PCI loans. The factors that most significantly affect the estimates of gross cash flows expected to be collected, and accordingly the accretable yield, include changes in the benchmark interest rate indices for variable-rate products and changes in prepayment assumptions and loss estimates. The following table provides activity for the accretable yield of PCI loans:

Three months ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016

September 30,
2015

September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017

September 30,
2016

September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Accretable yield, beginning balance$55,630
 $63,643
 $63,902
 $79,102
$45,510
 $55,630
 $49,408
 $63,902
Acquisitions
 10,407
 1,082
 11,305

 
 426
 1,082
Accretable yield amortized to interest income(6,449) (5,939) (17,105) (18,359)(5,025) (6,449) (16,101) (17,105)
Accretable yield amortized to indemnification asset/liability (1)
(1,744) (3,280) (5,539) (10,945)(371) (1,744) (1,086) (5,539)
Reclassification from non-accretable difference (2)
5,370
 2,298
 12,099
 5,154
1,017
 5,370
 7,106
 12,099
Increases (decreases) in interest cash flows due to payments and changes in interest rates170
 (610) (1,462) 262
Decreases in interest cash flows due to payments and changes in interest rates(875) 170
 503
 (1,462)
Accretable yield, ending balance (3)
$52,977
 $66,519
 $52,977
 $66,519
$40,256
 $52,977
 $40,256
 $52,977

(1)
Represents the portion of the current period accreted yield, resulting from lower expected losses, applied to reduce the loss share indemnification asset or increase the loss share indemnification liability.
(2)
Reclassification is the result of subsequent increases in expected principal cash flows.
(3)
As of September 30, 2016,2017, the Company estimates that the remaining accretable yield balance to be amortized to the indemnification asset or liability for the bank acquisitions is $1.5 million.approximately $24,000. The remainder of the accretable yield related to bank acquisitions is expected to be amortized to interest income.


Accretion to interest income accounted for under ASC 310-30 totaled $6.4$5.0 million and $5.9$6.4 million in the third quarter of 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. For the nine months ended SeptemebrSeptember 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Company recorded accretion to interest income of $17.1$16.1 million and $18.4$17.1 million, respectively. These amounts include accretion from both covered and non-covered loans, and are both included within interest and fees on loans in the Consolidated Statements of Income.


(7) Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans

The tables below show the aging of the Company’s loan portfolio at September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015:2016:
As of September 30, 2016  90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due    
As of September 30, 2017  90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due    
(Dollars in thousands)Nonaccrual 90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due Current Total LoansNonaccrual Current Total Loans
Loan Balances:                
Commercial                      
Commercial, industrial and other$15,809
 $
 $7,324
 $8,987
 $3,573,396
 $3,605,516
$12,281
 $
 $3,161
 $13,710
 $4,091,381
 $4,120,533
Franchise
 
 458
 1,626
 872,661
 874,745

 
 
 16,719
 836,997
 853,716
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit
 
 
 
 309,632
 309,632

 
 
 312
 194,058
 194,370
Asset-based lending234
 
 3,772
 3,741
 837,972
 845,719
1,141
 
 1,533
 4,515
 889,147
 896,336
Leases375
 
 239
 
 299,339
 299,953
509
 
 281
 1,194
 379,410
 381,394
PCI - commercial (1)

 1,783
 
 1,036
 13,160
 15,979

 1,489
 61
 
 8,135
 9,685
Total commercial16,418
 1,783
 11,793
 15,390
 5,906,160
 5,951,544
13,931
 1,489
 5,036
 36,450
 6,399,128
 6,456,034
Commercial real estate:                      
Construction400
 
 
 3,775
 447,302
 451,477
1,607
 
 366
 2,064
 669,940
 673,977
Land1,208
 
 787
 300
 105,406
 107,701
196
 
 
 
 102,557
 102,753
Office3,609
 
 6,457
 8,062
 865,954
 884,082
5,148
 
 
 1,220
 874,583
 880,951
Industrial9,967
 
 940
 2,961
 753,636
 767,504
1,848
 
 137
 438
 834,062
 836,485
Retail909
 
 1,340
 8,723
 884,369
 895,341
2,200
 
 3,030
 3,674
 925,335
 934,239
Multi-family90
 
 3,051
 2,169
 789,645
 794,955
569
 
 68
 3,058
 861,290
 864,985
Mixed use and other6,442
 
 2,157
 5,184
 1,837,724
 1,851,507
3,310
 
 843
 3,561
 1,966,601
 1,974,315
PCI - commercial real estate (1)

 21,433
 1,509
 4,066
 129,109
 156,117

 8,443
 1,394
 2,940
 120,299
 133,076
Total commercial real estate22,625
 21,433
 16,241
 35,240
 5,813,145
 5,908,684
14,878
 8,443
 5,838
 16,955
 6,354,667
 6,400,781
Home equity9,309
 
 1,728
 3,842
 727,989
 742,868
7,581
 
 446
 2,590
 662,352
 672,969
Residential real estate, including PCI12,205
 1,496
 2,232
 1,088
 646,577
 663,598
14,743
 1,120
 2,055
 165
 771,416
 789,499
Premium finance receivables                      
Commercial insurance loans14,214
 7,754
 6,968
 10,291
 2,391,006
 2,430,233
9,827
 9,584
 7,421
 9,966
 2,628,114
 2,664,912
Life insurance loans
 
 9,960
 3,717
 3,006,795
 3,020,472

 6,740
 946
 6,937
 3,571,388
 3,586,011
PCI - life insurance loans (1)

 
 
 
 262,887
 262,887

 
 
 
 209,463
 209,463
Consumer and other, including PCI543
 124
 204
 871
 119,233
 120,975
540
 221
 242
 685
 131,424
 133,112
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$75,314
 $32,590
 $49,126
 $70,439
 $18,873,792
 $19,101,261
$61,500
 $27,597
 $21,984
 $73,748
 $20,727,952
 $20,912,781
Covered loans2,331
 4,806
 1,545
 2,456
 84,802
 95,940
1,936
 2,233
 1,074
 45
 41,313
 46,601
Total loans, net of unearned income$77,645
 $37,396
 $50,671
 $72,895
 $18,958,594
 $19,197,201
$63,436
 $29,830
 $23,058
 $73,793
 $20,769,265
 $20,959,382
(1)
PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.


As of December 31, 2015  90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due    
As of December 31, 2016  90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due    
(Dollars in thousands)Nonaccrual 90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due Current Total LoansNonaccrual Current Total Loans
Loan Balances:                
Commercial                      
Commercial, industrial and other$12,704
 $6
 $6,749
 $12,930
 $3,226,139
 $3,258,528
$13,441
 $174
 $2,341
 $11,779
 $3,716,977
 $3,744,712
Franchise
 
 
 
 245,228
 245,228

 
 
 493
 869,228
 869,721
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit
 
 
 
 222,806
 222,806

 
 
 
 204,225
 204,225
Asset-based lending8
 
 3,864
 1,844
 736,968
 742,684
1,924
 
 135
 1,609
 871,402
 875,070
Leases
 535
 748
 4,192
 220,599
 226,074
510
 
 
 1,331
 293,073
 294,914
PCI - commercial (1)

 892
 
 2,510
 15,187
 18,589

 1,689
 100
 2,428
 12,563
 16,780
Total commercial12,712
 1,433
 11,361
 21,476
 4,666,927
 4,713,909
15,875
 1,863
 2,576
 17,640
 5,967,468
 6,005,422
Commercial real estate                      
Construction306
 
 1,371
 1,645
 355,338
 358,660
2,408
 
 
 1,824
 606,007
 610,239
Land1,751
 
 
 120
 76,546
 78,417
394
 
 188
 
 104,219
 104,801
Office4,619
 
 764
 3,817
 853,801
 863,001
4,337
 
 4,506
 1,232
 857,599
 867,674
Industrial9,564
 
 1,868
 1,009
 715,207
 727,648
7,047
 
 4,516
 2,436
 756,602
 770,601
Retail1,760
 
 442
 2,310
 863,887
 868,399
597
 
 760
 3,364
 907,872
 912,593
Multi-family1,954
 
 597
 6,568
 733,230
 742,349
643
 
 322
 1,347
 805,312
 807,624
Mixed use and other6,691
 
 6,723
 7,215
 1,712,187
 1,732,816
6,498
 
 1,186
 12,632
 1,931,859
 1,952,175
PCI - commercial real estate (1)

 22,111
 4,662
 16,559
 114,667
 157,999

 16,188
 3,775
 8,888
 141,529
 170,380
Total commercial real estate26,645
 22,111
 16,427
 39,243
 5,424,863
 5,529,289
21,924
 16,188
 15,253
 31,723
 6,110,999
 6,196,087
Home equity6,848
 
 1,889
 5,517
 770,421
 784,675
9,761
 
 1,630
 6,515
 707,887
 725,793
Residential real estate, including PCI12,043
 488
 2,166
 3,903
 588,851
 607,451
12,749
 1,309
 936
 8,271
 681,956
 705,221
Premium finance receivables                      
Commercial insurance loans14,561
 10,294
 6,624
 21,656
 2,321,786
 2,374,921
14,709
 7,962
 5,646
 14,580
 2,435,684
 2,478,581
Life insurance loans
 
 3,432
 11,140
 2,578,632
 2,593,204

 3,717
 17,514
 16,204
 3,182,935
 3,220,370
PCI - life insurance loans (1)

 
 
 
 368,292
 368,292

 
 
 
 249,657
 249,657
Consumer and other, including PCI263
 211
 204
 1,187
 144,511
 146,376
439
 207
 100
 887
 120,408
 122,041
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$73,072
 $34,537
 $42,103
 $104,122
 $16,864,283
 $17,118,117
$75,457
 $31,246
 $43,655
 $95,820
 $19,456,994
 $19,703,172
Covered loans5,878
 7,335
 703
 5,774
 128,983
 148,673
2,121
 2,492
 225
 1,553
 51,754
 58,145
Total loans, net of unearned income$78,950
 $41,872
 $42,806
 $109,896
 $16,993,266
 $17,266,790
$77,578
 $33,738
 $43,880
 $97,373
 $19,508,748
 $19,761,317

As of September 30, 2015  90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due    
As of September 30, 2016  90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due    
(Dollars in thousands)Nonaccrual 90+ days and still accruing 60-89 days past due 30-59 days past due Current Total LoansNonaccrual Current Total Loans
Loan Balances:                
Commercial                      
Commercial, industrial and other$12,006
 $
 $2,775
 $9,709
 $2,985,985
 $3,010,475
$15,809
 $
 $7,324
 $8,987
 $3,573,396
 $3,605,516
Franchise
 
 80
 376
 221,545
 222,001

 
 458
 1,626
 872,661
 874,745
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit
 
 
 
 136,614
 136,614

 
 
 
 309,632
 309,632
Asset-based lending12
 
 1,313
 247
 800,798
 802,370
234
 
 3,772
 3,741
 837,972
 845,719
Leases
 
 
 89
 205,697
 205,786
375
 
 239
 
 299,339
 299,953
PCI - commercial (1)

 217
 
 39
 22,683
 22,939

 1,783
 
 1,036
 13,160
 15,979
Total commercial12,018
 217
 4,168
 10,460
 4,373,322
 4,400,185
16,418
 1,783
 11,793
 15,390
 5,906,160
 5,951,544
Commercial real estate:                      
Construction31
 
 
 3,535
 343,668
 347,234
400
 
 
 3,775
 447,302
 451,477
Land1,756
 
 
 2,207
 75,113
 79,076
1,208
 
 787
 300
 105,406
 107,701
Office4,045
 
 10,861
 2,362
 773,043
 790,311
3,609
 
 6,457
 8,062
 865,954
 884,082
Industrial11,637
 
 786
 897
 622,804
 636,124
9,967
 
 940
 2,961
 753,636
 767,504
Retail2,022
 
 1,536
 821
 781,463
 785,842
909
 
 1,340
 8,723
 884,369
 895,341
Multi-family1,525
 
 512
 744
 684,878
 687,659
90
 
 3,051
 2,169
 789,645
 794,955
Mixed use and other7,601
 
 2,340
 12,871
 1,797,516
 1,820,328
6,442
 
 2,157
 5,184
 1,837,724
 1,851,507
PCI - commercial real estate (1)

 13,547
 299
 583
 146,563
 160,992

 21,433
 1,509
 4,066
 129,109
 156,117
Total commercial real estate28,617
 13,547
 16,334
 24,020
 5,225,048
 5,307,566
22,625
 21,433
 16,241
 35,240
 5,813,145
 5,908,684
Home equity8,365
 
 811
 4,124
 784,165
 797,465
9,309
 
 1,728
 3,842
 727,989
 742,868
Residential real estate, including PCI14,557
 424
 1,340
 1,606
 553,816
 571,743
12,205
 1,496
 2,232
 1,088
 646,577
 663,598
Premium finance receivables                      
Commercial insurance loans13,751
 8,231
 6,664
 13,659
 2,364,770
 2,407,075
14,214
 7,754
 6,968
 10,291
 2,391,006
 2,430,233
Life insurance loans
 
 9,656
 2,627
 2,314,406
 2,326,689

 
 9,960
 3,717
 3,006,795
 3,020,472
PCI - life insurance loans (1)

 
 
 
 373,586
 373,586

 
 
 
 262,887
 262,887
Consumer and other, including PCI297
 140
 56
 935
 130,474
 131,902
543
 124
 204
 871
 119,233
 120,975
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$77,605
 $22,559
 $39,029
 $57,431
 $16,119,587
 $16,316,211
$75,314
 $32,590
 $49,126
 $70,439
 $18,873,792
 $19,101,261
Covered loans6,540
 7,626
 1,392
 802
 152,249
 168,609
2,331
 4,806
 1,545
 2,456
 84,802
 95,940
Total loans, net of unearned income$84,145
 $30,185
 $40,421
 $58,233
 $16,271,836
 $16,484,820
$77,645
 $37,396
 $50,671
 $72,895
 $18,958,594
 $19,197,201
(1)
PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.


The Company's ability to manage credit risk depends in large part on our ability to properly identify and manage problem loans. To do so, the Company operates a credit risk rating system under which our credit management personnel assign a credit risk rating (1 to 10 rating) to each loan at the time of origination and review loans on a regular basis.

Each loan officer is responsible for monitoring his or her loan portfolio, recommending a credit risk rating for each loan in his or her portfolio and ensuring the credit risk ratings are appropriate. These credit risk ratings are then ratified by the bank’s chief credit officer and/or concurrence credit officer. Credit risk ratings are determined by evaluating a number of factors including: a borrower’s financial strength, cash flow coverage, collateral protection and guarantees.

The Company’s Problem Loan Reporting system automatically includes all loans with credit risk ratings of 6 through 9. This system is designed to provide an on-going detailed tracking mechanism for each problem loan. Once management determines that a loan has deteriorated to a point where it has a credit risk rating of 6 or worse, the Company’s Managed Asset Division performs an overall credit and collateral review. As part of this review, all underlying collateral is identified and the valuation methodology is analyzed and tracked. As a result of this initial review by the Company’s Managed Asset Division, the credit risk rating is reviewed and a portion of the outstanding loan balance may be deemed uncollectible or an impairment reserve may be established. The Company’s impairment analysis utilizes an independent re-appraisal of the collateral (unless such a third-party evaluation is not possible due to the unique nature of the collateral, such as a closely-held business or thinly traded securities). In the case of commercial real estate collateral, an independent third party appraisal is ordered by the Company’s Real Estate Services Group to determine if there has been any change in the underlying collateral value. These independent appraisals are reviewed by the Real Estate Services Group and sometimes by independent third party valuation experts and may be adjusted depending upon market conditions.

Through the credit risk rating process, loans are reviewed to determine if they are performing in accordance with the original contractual terms. If the borrower has failed to comply with the original contractual terms, further action may be required by the Company, including a downgrade in the credit risk rating, movement to non-accrual status, a charge-off or the establishment of a specific impairment reserve. If we determine that a loan amount, or portion thereof, is determined to be uncollectible, the loan’s credit risk rating is immediately downgraded to an 8 or 9 and the uncollectible amount is charged-off. Any loan that has a partial charge-off continues to be assigned a credit risk rating of an 8 or 9 for the duration of time that a balance remains outstanding. The Company undertakes a thorough and ongoing analysis to determine if additional impairment and/or charge-offs are appropriate and to begin a workout plan for the credit to minimize actual losses.

If, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due to it according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, a specific impairment reserve is established. In determining the appropriate charge-off for collateral-dependent loans, the Company considers the results of appraisals for the associated collateral.


Non-performing loans include all non-accrual loans (8 and 9 risk ratings) as well as loans 90 days past due and still accruing interest, excluding PCI and covered loans. The remainder of the portfolio is considered performing under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The following table presents the recorded investment based on performance of loans by class, excluding covered loans, per the most recent analysis at September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015:2016:
Performing Non-performing TotalPerforming Non-performing Total
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
Loan Balances:                                  
Commercial                                  
Commercial, industrial and other$3,589,707
 $3,245,818
 $2,998,469
 $15,809
 $12,710
 $12,006
 $3,605,516
 $3,258,528
 $3,010,475
$4,108,252
 $3,731,097
 $3,589,707
 $12,281
 $13,615
 $15,809
 $4,120,533
 $3,744,712
 $3,605,516
Franchise874,745
 245,228
 222,001
 
 
 
 874,745
 245,228
 222,001
853,716
 869,721
 874,745
 
 
 
 853,716
 869,721
 874,745
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit309,632
 222,806
 136,614
 
 
 
 309,632
 222,806
 136,614
194,370
 204,225
 309,632
 
 
 
 194,370
 204,225
 309,632
Asset-based lending845,485
 742,676
 802,358
 234
 8
 12
 845,719
 742,684
 802,370
895,195
 873,146
 845,485
 1,141
 1,924
 234
 896,336
 875,070
 845,719
Leases299,578
 225,539
 205,786
 375
 535
 
 299,953
 226,074
 205,786
380,885
 294,404
 299,578
 509
 510
 375
 381,394
 294,914
 299,953
PCI - commercial (1)
15,979
 18,589
 22,939
 
 
 
 15,979
 18,589
 22,939
9,685
 16,780
 15,979
 
 
 
 9,685
 16,780
 15,979
Total commercial5,935,126
 4,700,656
 4,388,167
 16,418
 13,253
 12,018
 5,951,544
 4,713,909
 4,400,185
6,442,103
 5,989,373
 5,935,126
 13,931
 16,049
 16,418
 6,456,034
 6,005,422
 5,951,544
Commercial real estate                                  
Construction451,077
 358,354
 347,203
 400
 306
 31
 451,477
 358,660
 347,234
672,370
 607,831
 451,077
 1,607
 2,408
 400
 673,977
 610,239
 451,477
Land106,493
 76,666
 77,320
 1,208
 1,751
 1,756
 107,701
 78,417
 79,076
102,557
 104,407
 106,493
 196
 394
 1,208
 102,753
 104,801
 107,701
Office880,473
 858,382
 786,266
 3,609
 4,619
 4,045
 884,082
 863,001
 790,311
875,803
 863,337
 880,473
 5,148
 4,337
 3,609
 880,951
 867,674
 884,082
Industrial757,537
 718,084
 624,487
 9,967
 9,564
 11,637
 767,504
 727,648
 636,124
834,637
 763,554
 757,537
 1,848
 7,047
 9,967
 836,485
 770,601
 767,504
Retail894,432
 866,639
 783,820
 909
 1,760
 2,022
 895,341
 868,399
 785,842
932,039
 911,996
 894,432
 2,200
 597
 909
 934,239
 912,593
 895,341
Multi-family794,865
 740,395
 686,134
 90
 1,954
 1,525
 794,955
 742,349
 687,659
864,416
 806,981
 794,865
 569
 643
 90
 864,985
 807,624
 794,955
Mixed use and other1,845,065
 1,726,125
 1,812,727
 6,442
 6,691
 7,601
 1,851,507
 1,732,816
 1,820,328
1,971,005
 1,945,677
 1,845,065
 3,310
 6,498
 6,442
 1,974,315
 1,952,175
 1,851,507
PCI - commercial real estate(1)
156,117
 157,999
 160,992
 
 
 
 156,117
 157,999
 160,992
133,076
 170,380
 156,117
 
 
 
 133,076
 170,380
 156,117
Total commercial real estate5,886,059
 5,502,644
 5,278,949
 22,625
 26,645
 28,617
 5,908,684
 5,529,289
 5,307,566
6,385,903
 6,174,163
 5,886,059
 14,878
 21,924
 22,625
 6,400,781
 6,196,087
 5,908,684
Home equity733,559
 777,827
 789,100
 9,309
 6,848
 8,365
 742,868
 784,675
 797,465
665,388
 716,032
 733,559
 7,581
 9,761
 9,309
 672,969
 725,793
 742,868
Residential real estate, including PCI651,393
 595,408
 557,186
 12,205
 12,043
 14,557
 663,598
 607,451
 571,743
774,756
 692,472
 651,393
 14,743
 12,749
 12,205
 789,499
 705,221
 663,598
Premium finance receivables                                  
Commercial insurance loans2,408,265
 2,350,066
 2,385,093
 21,968
 24,855
 21,982
 2,430,233
 2,374,921
 2,407,075
2,645,501
 2,455,910
 2,408,265
 19,411
 22,671
 21,968
 2,664,912
 2,478,581
 2,430,233
Life insurance loans3,020,472
 2,593,204
 2,326,689
 
 
 
 3,020,472
 2,593,204
 2,326,689
3,579,271
 3,216,653
 3,020,472
 6,740
 3,717
 
 3,586,011
 3,220,370
 3,020,472
PCI - life insurance loans (1)
262,887
 368,292
 373,586
 
 
 
 262,887
 368,292
 373,586
209,463
 249,657
 262,887
 
 
 
 209,463
 249,657
 262,887
Consumer and other, including PCI120,372
 145,963
 131,465
 603
 413
 437
 120,975
 146,376
 131,902
132,413
 121,458
 120,372
 699
 583
 603
 133,112
 122,041
 120,975
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$19,018,133
 $17,034,060
 $16,230,235
 $83,128
 $84,057
 $85,976
 $19,101,261
 $17,118,117
 $16,316,211
$20,834,798
 $19,615,718
 $19,018,133
 $77,983
 $87,454
 $83,128
 $20,912,781
 $19,703,172
 $19,101,261
(1)PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. See Note 6 - Loans for further discussion of these purchased loans.


A summary of activity in the allowance for credit losses by loan portfolio (excluding covered loans) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 20152016 is as follows:
Three months ended September 30, 2016  Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
Three months ended September 30, 2017  Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivables Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
(Dollars in thousands)Commercial Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered LoansCommercial 
Allowance for credit losses               
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period$41,654
 $46,824
 $11,383
 $5,405
 $7,814
 $1,276
 $114,356
$52,358
 $52,339
 $11,134
 $6,143
 $6,352
 $1,265
 $129,591
Other adjustments(35) (57) 
 (10) (10) 
 (112)(2) (38) 
 (31) 32
 
 (39)
Reclassification from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments(500) (79) 
 
 
 
 (579)500
 (406) 
 
 
 
 94
Charge-offs(3,469) (382) (574) (134) (1,959) (389) (6,907)(2,265) (989) (968) (267) (1,716) (213) (6,418)
Recoveries176
 364
 65
 61
 456
 72
 1,194
801
 323
 178
 55
 499
 93
 1,949
Provision for credit losses5,212
 1,678
 810
 781
 974
 286
 9,741
4,343
 811
 212
 757
 1,386
 433
 7,942
Allowance for loan losses at period end$43,038
 $48,348
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $117,693
$55,735
 $52,040
 $10,556
 $6,657
 $6,553
 $1,578
 $133,119
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end$500
 $1,148
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,648
$
 $1,276
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,276
Allowance for credit losses at period end$43,538
 $49,496
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $119,341
$55,735
 $53,316
 $10,556
 $6,657
 $6,553
 $1,578
 $134,395
Individually evaluated for impairment$2,554
 $2,491
 $964
 $1,166
 $
 $192
 $7,367
$4,568
 $1,184
 $691
 $758
 $
 $34
 $7,235
Collectively evaluated for impairment40,252
 46,983
 10,720
 4,867
 7,275
 1,053
 111,150
50,623
 52,048
 9,865
 5,813
 6,553
 1,544
 126,446
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality732
 22
 
 70
 
 
 824
544
 84
 
 86
 
 
 714
Loans at period end                          
Individually evaluated for impairment$19,133
 $45,290
 $9,309
 $17,040
 $
 $602
 $91,374
$18,086
 $31,698
 $7,729
 $21,263
 $
 $544
 $79,320
Collectively evaluated for impairment5,916,432
 5,707,277
 733,559
 642,633
 5,450,705
 119,162
 18,569,768
6,428,263
 6,236,007
 665,240
 735,185
 6,250,923
 131,581
 20,447,199
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality15,979
 156,117
 
 3,925
 262,887
 1,211
 440,119
9,685
 133,076
 
 3,637
 209,463
 987
 356,848
Loans held at fair value
 
 
 29,414
 
 
 29,414
Three months ended September 30, 2015Commercial Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
(Dollars in thousands)      
Allowance for credit losses             
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period$32,900
 $42,198
 $12,288
 $5,019
 $6,921
 $878
 $100,204
Other adjustments(12) (85) 
 (6) (50) 
 (153)
Reclassification from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments
 (42) 
 
 
 
 (42)
Charge-offs(964) (1,948) (1,116) (1,138) (1,595) (116) (6,877)
Recoveries462
 213
 42
 136
 294
 52
 1,199
Provision for credit losses1,604
 3,725
 1,009
 575
 1,511
 241
 8,665
Allowance for loan losses at period end$33,990
 $44,061
 $12,223
 $4,586
 $7,081
 $1,055
 $102,996
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end$
 $926
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $926
Allowance for credit losses at period end$33,990
 $44,987
 $12,223
 $4,586
 $7,081
 $1,055
 $103,922
Individually evaluated for impairment$1,881
 $5,832
 $239
 $544
 $
 $30
 $8,526
Collectively evaluated for impairment31,943
 38,361
 11,984
 4,042
 7,081
 1,024
 94,435
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality166
 794
 
 
 
 1
 961
Loans at period end             
Individually evaluated for impairment$18,211
 $68,947
 $8,365
 $18,267
 $
 $430
 $114,220
Collectively evaluated for impairment4,359,035
 5,077,627
 789,100
 549,794
 4,733,764
 131,472
 15,640,792
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality22,939
 160,992
 
 3,682
 373,586
 
 561,199








Three months ended September 30, 2016Commercial Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivables Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
(Dollars in thousands)      
Allowance for credit losses             
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period$41,654
 $46,824
 $11,383
 $5,405
 $7,814
 $1,276
 $114,356
Other adjustments(35) (57) 
 (10) (10) 
 (112)
Reclassification from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments(500) (79) 
 
 
 
 (579)
Charge-offs(3,469) (382) (574) (134) (1,959) (389) (6,907)
Recoveries176
 364
 65
 61
 456
 72
 1,194
Provision for credit losses5,212
 1,678
 810
 781
 974
 286
 9,741
Allowance for loan losses at period end$43,038
 $48,348
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $117,693
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end$500
 $1,148
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,648
Allowance for credit losses at period end$43,538
 $49,496
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $119,341
Individually evaluated for impairment$2,554
 $2,491
 $964
 $1,166
 $
 $192
 $7,367
Collectively evaluated for impairment40,252
 46,983
 10,720
 4,867
 7,275
 1,053
 111,150
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality732
 22
 
 70
 
 
 824
Loans at period end             
Individually evaluated for impairment$19,133
 $45,290
 $9,309
 $17,040
 $
 $602
 $91,374
Collectively evaluated for impairment5,916,432
 5,707,277
 733,559
 625,030
 5,450,705
 119,162
 18,552,165
Loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality15,979
 156,117
 
 3,925
 262,887
 1,211
 440,119
Loans held at fair value
 
 
 17,603
 
 
 17,603


Nine months ended September 30, 2016  Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
Nine months ended September 30, 2017  Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
(Dollars in thousands)Commercial Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered LoansCommercial 
Allowance for credit losses               
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period$36,135
 $43,758
 $12,012
 $4,734
 $7,233
 $1,528
 $105,400
$44,493
 $51,422
 $11,774
 $5,714
 $7,625
 $1,263
 $122,291
Other adjustments(103) (203) 
 (49) 31
 
 (324)(23) (121) 
 (38) 57
 
 (125)
Reclassification from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments(500) (200) 
 
 
 
 (700)500
 (438) 
 
 
 
 62
Charge-offs(4,861) (1,555) (3,672) (1,320) (6,350) (720) (18,478)(3,819) (3,235) (3,224) (742) (5,021) (522) (16,563)
Recoveries926
 1,029
 184
 204
 1,876
 143
 4,362
1,635
 1,153
 387
 287
 1,515
 267
 5,244
Provision for credit losses11,441
 5,519
 3,160
 2,534
 4,485
 294
 27,433
12,949
 3,259
 1,619
 1,436
 2,377
 570
 22,210
Allowance for loan losses at period end$43,038
 $48,348
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $117,693
$55,735
 $52,040
 $10,556
 $6,657
 $6,553
 $1,578
 $133,119
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end$500
 $1,148
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,648
$
 $1,276
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,276
Allowance for credit losses at period end$43,538
 $49,496
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $119,341
$55,735
 $53,316
 $10,556
 $6,657
 $6,553
 $1,578
 $134,395

Nine months ended September 30, 2015  Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
Nine months ended September 30, 2016  Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered Loans
(Dollars in thousands)Commercial Commercial Real Estate Home  Equity Residential Real Estate Premium Finance Receivable Consumer and Other Total, Excluding Covered LoansCommercial 
Allowance for credit losses               
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period$31,699
 $35,533
 $12,500
 $4,218
 $6,513
 $1,242
 $91,705
$36,135
 $43,758
 $12,012
 $4,734
 $7,233
 $1,528
 $105,400
Other adjustments(42) (346) 
 (14) (92) 
 (494)(103) (203) 
 (49) 31
 
 (324)
Reclassification from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments
 (151) 
 
 
 
 (151)(500) (200) 
 
 
 
 (700)
Charge-offs(2,884) (3,809) (3,547) (2,692) (4,384) (342) (17,658)(4,861) (1,555) (3,672) (1,320) (6,350) (720) (18,478)
Recoveries1,117
 2,349
 129
 228
 1,081
 139
 5,043
926
 1,029
 184
 204
 1,876
 143
 4,362
Provision for credit losses4,100
 10,485
 3,141
 2,846
 3,963
 16
 24,551
11,441
 5,519
 3,160
 2,534
 4,485
 294
 27,433
Allowance for loan losses at period end$33,990
 $44,061
 $12,223
 $4,586
 $7,081
 $1,055
 $102,996
$43,038
 $48,348
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $117,693
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end$
 $926
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $926
$500
 $1,148
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $1,648
Allowance for credit losses at period end$33,990
 $44,987
 $12,223
 $4,586
 $7,081
 $1,055
 $103,922
$43,538
 $49,496
 $11,684
 $6,103
 $7,275
 $1,245
 $119,341

A summary of activity in the allowance for covered loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 20152016 is as follows:
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016 2017 2016
Balance at beginning of period$2,412
 $2,215
 $3,026
 $2,131
$1,074
 $2,412
 $1,322
 $3,026
Provision for covered loan losses before benefit attributable to FDIC loss share agreements(847) (1,716) (3,495) (3,339)(225) (847) (1,063) (3,495)
Benefit attributable to FDIC loss share agreements677
 1,373
 2,796
 2,671
180
 677
 850
 2,796
Net provision for covered loan losses(170) (343) (699) (668)(45) (170) (213) (699)
Increase/decrease in FDIC indemnification liability/asset(677) (1,373) (2,796) (2,671)
Increase in FDIC indemnification liability(180) (677) (850) (2,796)
Loans charged-off(918) (287) (1,291) (664)(155) (918) (491) (1,291)
Recoveries of loans charged-off775
 2,706
 3,182
 4,790
64
 775
 990
 3,182
Net (charge-offs) recoveries(143) 2,419
 1,891
 4,126
(91) (143) 499
 1,891
Balance at end of period$1,422
 $2,918
 $1,422
 $2,918
$758
 $1,422
 $758
 $1,422

In conjunction with FDIC-assisted transactions, the Company entered into loss share agreements with the FDIC. Additional expected losses, to the extent such expected losses result in the recognition of an allowance for loan losses, will increase the FDIC loss share asset or reduce any FDIC loss share liability. The allowance for loan losses for loans acquired in FDIC-assisted transactions is determined without giving consideration to the amounts recoverable through loss share agreements (since the loss share agreements are separately accounted for and thus presented “gross” on the balance sheet). On the Consolidated Statements of Income, the provision for credit losses is reported net of changes in the amount recoverable under the loss share agreements.agreements during the period subject to loss share agreement. Reductions to expected losses, to the extent such reductions to expected losses are the result of an improvement to the actual or expected

cash flows from the covered assets, will reduce

the FDIC loss share asset or increase any FDIC loss share liability. Additions to expected losses will require an increase to the allowance for covered loan losses, and a corresponding increase to the FDIC loss share asset or reduction to any FDIC loss share liability. See “FDIC-Assisted Transactions” within Note 3 – Business Combinations for more detail.

On October 16, 2017, the Company entered into agreements with the FDIC that terminate all existing loss share agreements with the FDIC. As a result, the allowance for covered loan losses previously measured will be included within the allowance for credit losses, excluding covered loans, presented above for subsequent periods. See Note 17 - Subsequent Events for further discussion of the termination of FDIC loss share agreements.

Impaired Loans

A summary of impaired loans, including troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs"), is as follows:
September 30, December 31, September 30,September 30, December 31, September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2015 20152017 2016 2016
Impaired loans (included in non-performing and TDRs):          
Impaired loans with an allowance for loan loss required (1)
$39,022
 $49,961
 $51,113
$30,864
 $33,146
 $39,022
Impaired loans with no allowance for loan loss required51,518
 51,294
 61,914
47,730
 57,370
 51,518
Total impaired loans (2)
$90,540
 $101,255
 $113,027
$78,594
 $90,516
 $90,540
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans$6,836
 $6,380
 $8,483
$7,218
 $6,377
 $6,836
TDRs$44,276
 $51,853
 $59,320
$33,183
 $41,708
 $44,276
(1)These impaired loans require an allowance for loan losses because the estimated fair value of the loans or related collateral is less than the recorded investment in the loans.
(2)
Impaired loans are considered by the Company to be non-accrual loans, TDRs or loans with principal and/or interest at risk, even if the loan is current with all payments of principal and interest.


The following tables present impaired loans by loan class, excluding covered loans, for the periods ended as follows:
      For the Nine Months Ended      For the Nine Months Ended
As of September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016As of September 30, 2017 September 30, 2017
Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average  Recorded Investment Interest Income RecognizedRecorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average  Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)  
Impaired loans with a related ASC 310 allowance recorded                  
Commercial                  
Commercial, industrial and other$5,426
 $5,434
 $1,887
 $5,487
 $212
$7,312
 $8,458
 $4,191
 $8,390
 $407
Asset-based lending234
 235
 44
 235
 7
588
 589
 161
 588
 21
Leases375
 375
 116
 388
 14
2,440
 2,444
 215
 2,539
 91
Commercial real estate                  
Construction
 
 
 
 
1,607
 2,408
 94
 2,319
 93
Land2,620
 2,620
 44
 2,670
 80

 
 
 
 
Office1,697
 2,361
 182
 1,722
 79
2,225
 2,291
 570
 2,280
 94
Industrial6,855
 7,338
 1,388
 7,069
 284
408
 408
 75
 415
 19
Retail6,605
 6,623
 240
 6,668
 160
5,932
 6,072
 158
 5,998
 191
Multi-family1,266
 1,266
 8
 1,134
 29
1,239
 1,239
 8
 1,250
 33
Mixed use and other5,437
 5,511
 605
 5,452
 198
1,537
 1,695
 263
 1,580
 60
Home equity2,373
 2,457
 964
 2,404
 63
1,511
 1,721
 691
 1,528
 53
Residential real estate5,942
 6,428
 1,166
 5,807
 190
5,842
 6,154
 758
 5,842
 177
Consumer and other192
 192
 192
 194
 8
223
 224
 34
 225
 10
Impaired loans with no related ASC 310 allowance recorded                  
Commercial                  
Commercial, industrial and other$12,669
 $16,261
 $
 $14,745
 $717
$5,995
 $7,260
 $
 $6,662
 $294
Asset-based lending
 
 
 
 
553
 553
 
 728
 31
Leases
 
 
 
 
817
 817
 
 862
 38
Commercial real estate                  
Construction1,995
 1,995
 
 2,273
 94
1,504
 1,504
 
 1,524
 49
Land3,864
 8,088
 
 4,316
 408
3,968
 4,217
 
 4,110
 136
Office4,980
 6,243
 
 4,978
 260
3,400
 3,585
 
 3,565
 147
Industrial3,508
 3,827
 
 3,574
 200
1,440
 2,729
 
 2,885
 183
Retail805
 913
 
 936
 36
1,978
 1,988
 
 2,008
 103
Multi-family89
 174
 
 109
 5
569
 653
 
 571
 23
Mixed use and other5,164
 5,712
 
 5,300
 236
5,546
 6,267
 
 5,745
 241
Home equity6,936
 9,108
 
 7,736
 320
6,218
 9,523
 
 7,231
 339
Residential real estate11,098
 13,077
 
 11,125
 445
15,421
 17,859
 
 15,726
 575
Consumer and other410
 520
 
 428
 21
321
 433
 
 334
 16
Total impaired loans, net of unearned income$90,540
 $106,758
 $6,836
 $94,750
 $4,066
$78,594
 $91,091
 $7,218
 $84,905
 $3,424

      For the Twelve Months Ended      For the Twelve Months Ended
As of December 31, 2015 December 31, 2015As of December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016
Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average  Recorded Investment Interest Income RecognizedRecorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average  Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)  
Impaired loans with a related ASC 310 allowance recorded                  
Commercial                  
Commercial, industrial and other$9,754
 $12,498
 $2,012
 $10,123
 $792
$2,601
 $2,617
 $1,079
 $2,649
 $134
Asset-based lending
 
 
 
 
233
 235
 26
 235
 10
Leases
 
 
 
 
2,441
 2,443
 107
 2,561
 128
Commercial real estate                  
Construction
 
 
 
 
5,302
 5,302
 86
 5,368
 164
Land4,929
 8,711
 41
 5,127
 547
1,283
 1,283
 1
 1,303
 47
Office5,050
 6,051
 632
 5,394
 314
2,687
 2,697
 324
 2,797
 137
Industrial8,413
 9,105
 1,943
 10,590
 565
5,207
 5,843
 1,810
 7,804
 421
Retail8,527
 9,230
 343
 8,596
 386
1,750
 1,834
 170
 2,039
 101
Multi-family370
 370
 202
 372
 25

 
 
 
 
Mixed use and other7,590
 7,708
 570
 7,681
 328
3,812
 4,010
 592
 4,038
 195
Home equity423
 435
 333
 351
 16
1,961
 1,873
 1,233
 1,969
 75
Residential real estate4,710
 4,799
 294
 4,618
 182
5,752
 6,327
 849
 5,816
 261
Consumer and other195
 220
 10
 216
 12
117
 121
 100
 131
 7
Impaired loans with no related ASC 310 allowance recorded                  
Commercial                  
Commercial, industrial and other$8,562
 $9,915
 $
 $9,885
 $521
$12,534
 $14,704
 $
 $14,944
 $948
Asset-based lending8
 1,570
 
 5
 88
1,691
 2,550
 
 8,467
 377
Leases
 
 
 
 
873
 873
 
 939
 56
Commercial real estate                  
Construction2,328
 2,329
 
 2,316
 113
4,003
 4,003
 
 4,161
 81
Land888
 2,373
 
 929
 90
3,034
 3,503
 
 3,371
 142
Office3,500
 4,484
 
 3,613
 237
3,994
 5,921
 
 4,002
 323
Industrial2,217
 2,426
 
 2,286
 188
2,129
 2,436
 
 2,828
 274
Retail2,757
 2,925
 
 2,897
 129

 
 
 
 
Multi-family2,344
 2,807
 
 2,390
 117
1,903
 1,987
 
 1,825
 84
Mixed use and other10,510
 14,060
 
 11,939
 624
6,815
 7,388
 
 6,912
 397
Home equity6,424
 7,987
 
 5,738
 288
8,033
 10,483
 
 8,830
 475
Residential real estate11,559
 13,979
 
 11,903
 624
11,983
 14,124
 
 12,041
 622
Consumer and other197
 267
 
 201
 12
378
 489
 
 393
 26
Total impaired loans, net of unearned income$101,255
 $124,249
 $6,380
 $107,170
 $6,198
$90,516
 $103,046
 $6,377
 $105,423
 $5,485
      For the Nine Months Ended      For the Nine Months Ended
As of September 30, 2015 September 30, 2015As of September 30, 2016 September 30, 2016
Recorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average  Recorded Investment Interest Income RecognizedRecorded Investment Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average  Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized
(Dollars in thousands)  
Impaired loans with a related ASC 310 allowance recorded                  
Commercial                  
Commercial, industrial and other$8,580
 $9,118
 $1,865
 $8,906
 $381
$5,426
 $5,434
 $1,887
 $5,487
 $212
Asset-based lending
 
 
 
 
234
 235
 44
 235
 7
Leases
 
 
 
 
375
 375
 116
 388
 14
Commercial real estate                  
Construction
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Land3,559
 7,309
 31
 3,713
 362
2,620
 2,620
 44
 2,670
 80
Office6,765
 7,724
 2,162
 7,113
 263
1,697
 2,361
 182
 1,722
 79
Industrial10,049
 10,542
 1,550
 10,662
 421
6,855
 7,338
 1,388
 7,069
 284
Retail8,899
 9,596
 381
 8,906
 306
6,605
 6,623
 240
 6,668
 160
Multi-family1,199
 1,622
 203
 1,210
 60
1,266
 1,266
 8
 1,134
 29
Mixed use and other7,162
 7,345
 1,501
 7,250
 224
5,437
 5,511
 605
 5,452
 198
Home equity547
 762
 239
 672
 25
2,373
 2,457
 964
 2,404
 63
Residential real estate4,225
 4,326
 521
 4,280
 130
5,942
 6,428
 1,166
 5,807
 190
Consumer and other128
 128
 30
 139
 6
192
 192
 192
 194
 8
Impaired loans with no related ASC 310 allowance recorded                  
Commercial                  
Commercial, industrial and other$9,142
 $11,997
 $
 $9,716
 $539
$12,669
 $16,261
 $
 $14,745
 $717
Asset-based lending12
 1,573
 
 4
 66

 
 
 
 
Leases
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate                  
Construction2,054
 2,055
 
 2,034
 73
1,995
 1,995
 
 2,273
 94
Land4,114
 4,874
 
 4,232
 130
3,864
 8,088
 
 4,316
 408
Office4,171
 5,120
 
 4,243
 194
4,980
 6,243
 
 4,978
 260
Industrial2,255
 2,448
 
 2,304
 141
3,508
 3,827
 
 3,574
 200
Retail3,140
 3,302
 
 3,305
 104
805
 913
 
 936
 36
Multi-family1,330
 1,635
 
 1,522
 50
89
 174
 
 109
 5
Mixed use and other13,788
 16,576
 
 14,668
 563
5,164
 5,712
 
 5,300
 236
Home equity7,818
 8,406
 
 7,065
 229
6,936
 9,108
 
 7,736
 320
Residential real estate13,788
 15,932
 
 14,387
 449
11,098
 13,077
 
 11,125
 445
Consumer and other302
 398
 
 311
 15
410
 520
 
 428
 21
Total impaired loans, net of unearned income$113,027
 $132,788
 $8,483
 $116,642
 $4,731
$90,540
 $106,758
 $6,836
 $94,750
 $4,066


TDRs

At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had $44.3$33.2 million in loans modified in TDRs. The $44.3$33.2 million in TDRs represents 8978 credits in which economic concessions were granted to certain borrowers to better align the terms of their loans with their current ability to pay.

The Company’s approach to restructuring loans, excluding PCI loans, is built on its credit risk rating system which requires credit management personnel to assign a credit risk rating to each loan. In each case, the loan officer is responsible for recommending a credit risk rating for each loan and ensuring the credit risk ratings are appropriate. These credit risk ratings are then reviewed and approved by the bank’s chief credit officer and/or concurrence credit officer. Credit risk ratings are determined by evaluating a number of factors including a borrower’s financial strength, cash flow coverage, collateral protection and guarantees. The Company’s credit risk rating scale is one through ten with higher scores indicating higher risk. In the case of loans rated six or worse following modification, the Company’s Managed Assets Division evaluates the loan and the credit risk rating and determines that the loan has been restructured to be reasonably assured of repayment and of performance according to the modified terms and is supported by a current, well-documented credit assessment of the borrower’s financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms.

A modification of a loan, excluding PCI loans, with an existing credit risk rating of 6 or worse or a modification of any other credit, which will result in a restructured credit risk rating of six or worse, must be reviewed for possible TDR classification. In that event, our Managed Assets Division conducts an overall credit and collateral review. A modification of these loans is considered to be a TDR if both (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (2) for economic or legal reasons, the bank grants a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The modification of a loan, excluding PCI loans, where the credit risk rating is 5 or better both before and after such modification is not considered to be a TDR. Based on the Company’s credit risk rating system, it considers that borrowers whose credit risk rating is 5 or better are not experiencing financial difficulties and therefore, are not considered TDRs.

All credits determined to be a TDR will continue to be classified as a TDR in all subsequent periods, unless the borrower has been in compliance with the loan’s modified terms for a period of six months (including over a calendar year-end) and the current interest rate represents a market rate at the time of restructuring. The Managed Assets Division, in consultation with the respective loan officer, determines whether the modified interest rate represented a current market rate at the time of restructuring. Using knowledge of current market conditions and rates, competitive pricing on recent loan originations, and an assessment of various characteristics of the modified loan (including collateral position and payment history), an appropriate market rate for a new borrower with similar risk is determined. If the modified interest rate meets or exceeds this market rate for a new borrower with similar risk, the modified interest rate represents a market rate at the time of restructuring. Additionally, before removing a loan from TDR classification, a review of the current or previously measured impairment on the loan and any concerns related to future performance by the borrower is conducted. If concerns exist about the future ability of the borrower to meet its obligations under the loans based on a credit review by the Managed Assets Division, the TDR classification is not removed from the loan.

TDRs are reviewed at the time of the modification and on a quarterly basis to determine if a specific reserve is necessary. The carrying amount of the loan is compared to the expected payments to be received, discounted at the loan's original rate, or for collateral dependent loans, to the fair value of the collateral. Any shortfall is recorded as a specific reserve. The Company, in accordance with ASC 310-10, continues to individually measure impairment of these loans after the TDR classification is removed.

Each TDR was reviewed for impairment at September 30, 20162017 and approximately $2.8$1.2 million of impairment was present and appropriately reserved for through the Company’s normal reserving methodology in the Company’s allowance for loan losses. For TDRs in which impairment is calculated by the present value of future cash flows, the Company records interest income representing the decrease in impairment resulting from the passage of time during the respective period, which differs from interest income from contractually required interest on these specific loans.  During both the three months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Company recorded $68,000 and $98,000, respectively, of interest income, representing thiswhich was reflected as a decrease in impairment. For the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Company recorded $172,000 and $323,000, and $385,000, respectively, of interest income, which was reflected as a decrease in interest income.impairment.

TDRs may arise in which, due to financial difficulties experienced by the borrower, the Company obtains through physical possession one or more collateral assets in satisfaction of all or part of an existing credit. Once possession is obtained, the Company reclassifies the appropriate portion of the remaining balance of the credit from loans to OREO, which is included within other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition. For any residential real estate property collateralizing a consumer mortgage loan, the Company is considered to possess the related collateral only if legal title is obtained upon completion of foreclosure, or the borrower conveys all interest in the residential real estate property to the Company through completion of a deed in lieu of foreclosure or similar legal agreement. Excluding covered OREO, at September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had $11.7$7.9 million of foreclosed residential real estate properties included within OREO. Furthermore, the recorded investment in residential mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which foreclosure proceedings are in process totaled $12.1 million at September 30, 2017.


The tables below present a summary of the post-modification balance of loans restructured during the three and nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, which represent TDRs:
Three months ended
September 30, 2016

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
��
Extension at
Below Market
Terms
(2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate (2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments (2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Three months ended
September 30, 2017

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
 
Extension at
Below Market
Terms
(2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate (2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments (2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Commercial                                        
Commercial, industrial and other 1
 $28
 1
 $28
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 3
 $1,408
 
 $
 
 $
 3
 $1,408
 
 $
Commercial real estate                                        
Office 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mixed use and other 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential real estate and other 1
 43
 1
 43
 1
 43
 
 
 
 
 2
 255
 1
 186
 2
 255
 
 
 1
 69
Total loans 2
 $71
 2
 $71
 1
 $43
 
 $
 
 $
 5
 $1,663
 1
 $186
 2
 $255
 3
 $1,408
 1
 $69
Three months ended
September 30, 2015

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
 
Extension at
Below Market
Terms (2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate (2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments (2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Three months ended
September 30, 2016

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
 
Extension at
Below Market
Terms (2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate (2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments (2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Commercial                                        
Commercial, industrial and other 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 1
 $28
 1
 $28
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
Commercial real estate                                        
Office 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mixed use and other 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential real estate and other 1
 222
 1
 222
 1
 222
 
 
 
 
 1
 43
 1
 43
 1
 43
 
 
 
 
Total loans 1
 $222
 1
 $222
 1
 $222
 
 $
 
 $
 2
 $71
 2
 $71
 1
 $43
 
 $
 
 $
(1)TDRs may have more than one modification representing a concession. As such, TDRs during the period may be represented in more than one of the categories noted above.
(2)Balances represent the recorded investment in the loan at the time of the restructuring.

During the three months ended September 30, 2016, two2017, five loans totaling $71,000$1.7 million were determined to be TDRs, compared to one loantwo loans totaling $222,000 in$71,000 during the same period of 2015.three months ended September 30, 2016. Of these loans extended at below market terms, the weighted average extension had a term of approximately 2236 months during the quarter ended September 30, 20162017 compared to 21422 months for the quarter ended September 30, 2015.2016. Further, the weighted average decrease in the stated interest rate for loans with a reduction of interest rate during the period was approximately 150225 basis points and 338150 basis points during the three months endingended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively. Interest-only payments terms were approximately two months during the three months ended September 30, 2017. Additionally, no$73,000 of principal balances werebalance was forgiven in the third quarter of 2016 or 2015.2017 compared to no principal balances in the third quarter of 2016.

Nine months ended
September 30, 2016

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
 
Extension at
Below Market
Terms
(2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate
(2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments
(2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Nine months ended
September 30, 2017

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
 
Extension at
Below Market
Terms
(2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate
(2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments
(2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Commercial                                        
Commercial, industrial and other 3
 $345
 3
 $345
 
 $
 
 $
 1
 $275
 4
 $1,503
 1
 $95
 
 $
 3
 $1,408
 
 $
Commercial real estate                                        
Office 1
 450
 1
 450
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial 6
 7,921
 6
 7,921
 3
 7,196
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mixed use and other 2
 150
 2
 150
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 1,245
 1
 1,245
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential real estate and other 3
 583
 2
 423
 3
 583
 1
 380
 
 
 8
 2,638
 7
 2,569
 7
 2,589
 
 
 1
 69
Total loans 15
 $9,449
 14
 $9,289
 6
 $7,779
 1
 $380
 1
 $275
 13
 $5,386
 9
 $3,909
 7
 $2,589
 3
 $1,408
 1
 $69
(1)TDRs may have more than one modification representing a concession. As such, TDRs during the period may be represented in more than one of the categories noted above.
(2)Balances represent the recorded investment in the loan at the time of the restructuring.



Nine months ended
September 30, 2015

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
 
Extension at
Below Market
Terms
(2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate
(2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments
(2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Nine months ended
September 30, 2016

(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total (1)(2)
 
Extension at
Below Market
Terms
(2)
 
Reduction of Interest
Rate
(2)
 
Modification to 
Interest-only
Payments
(2)
 
Forgiveness of Debt(2)
Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Commercial                                        
Commercial, industrial and other 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 3
 $345
 3
 $345
 
 $
 
 $
 1
 $275
Commercial real estate                                        
Office 

 

 

 

 
 
 

 

 
 
 1
 450
 1
 450
 
 
 
 
 
 
Industrial 1
 169
 1
 169
 
 
 1
 169
 
 
 6
 7,921
 6
 7,921
 3
 7,196
 
 
 
 
Mixed use and other 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 2
 150
 2
 150
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential real estate and other 9
 1,664
 9
 1,664
 5
 674
 1
 50
 
 
 3
 583
 2
 423
 3
 583
 1
 380
 
 
Total loans 10
 $1,833
 10
 $1,833
 5
 $674
 2
 $219
 
 $
 15
 $9,449
 14
 $9,289
 6
 $7,779
 1
 $380
 1
 $275
(1)TDRs may have more than one modification representing a concession. As such, TDRs during the period may be represented in more than one of the categories noted above.
(2)Balances represent the recorded investment in the loan at the time of the restructuring.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, 152017, 13 loans totaling $9.4$5.4 million were determined to be TDRs, compared to ten15 loans totaling $1.8$9.4 million in the same period of 2015.2016. Of these loans extended at below market terms, the weighted average extension had a term of approximately six36 months during the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 compared to 49six months for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.2016. Further, the weighted average decrease in the stated interest rate for loans with a reduction of interest rate during the period was approximately 30188 basis points and 35830 basis points for the year-to-date periods September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Interest-only payment terms were approximately sixtwo months during the nine months endingended September 30, 20162017 compared to 28six months during the same period of 2015.2016. Additionally, $300,000$73,000 of principal balances werebalance was forgiven in the first nine months of 20162017 compared to no balances$300,000 of principal balance forgiven during the same period of 2015.2016.

The following table presents a summary of all loans restructured in TDRs during the twelve months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, and such loans which were in payment default under the restructured terms during the respective periods below:
(Dollars in thousands)As of September 30, 2016 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2016
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2016
As of September 30, 2017 
Three Months Ended
September 30, 2017
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017
Total (1)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
Total (1)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
Count Balance Count Balance Count BalanceCount Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Commercial                      
Commercial, industrial and other3
 $345
 
 $
 
 $
4
 $1,503
 
 $
 
 $
Leases2
 2,949
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate                      
Office1
 450
 1
 450
 1
 450

 
 
 
 
 
Industrial6
 7,921
 3
 725
 3
 725

 
 
 
 
 
Mixed use and other4
 351
 1
 16
 3
 217
1
 1,245
 1
 1,245
 1
 1,245
Residential real estate and other3
 583
 
 
 
 
12
 3,137
 1
 52
 2
 284
Total loans17
 $9,650
 5
 $1,191
 7
 $1,392
19
 $8,834
 2
 $1,297
 3
 $1,529


(Dollars in thousands)As of September 30, 2015 Three Months Ended
September 30, 2015
 Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2015
As of September 30, 2016 Three Months Ended
September 30, 2016
 Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2016
Total (1)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
Total (1)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
 
Payments in Default  (2)(3)
Count Balance Count Balance Count BalanceCount Balance Count Balance Count Balance
Commercial                      
Commercial, industrial and other1
 $1,461
 
 $
 
 $
3
 $345
 
 $
 
 $
Leases
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate                      
Office1
 720
 
 
 
 
1
 450
 1
 450
 1
 450
Industrial2
 854
 1
 685
 1
 685
6
 7,921
 3
 725
 3
 725
Mixed use and other
 
 
 
 
 
4
 351
 1
 16
 3
 217
Residential real estate and other11
 2,613
 2
 131
 3
 345
3
 583
 
 
 
 
Total loans15
 $5,648
 3
 $816
 4
 $1,030
17
 $9,650
 5
 $1,191
 7
 $1,392

(1)Total TDRs represent all loans restructured in TDRs during the previous twelve months from the date indicated.
(2)TDRs considered to be in payment default are over 30 days past-due subsequent to the restructuring.
(3)Balances represent the recorded investment in the loan at the time of the restructuring.


(8) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

A summary of the Company’s goodwill assets by business segment is presented in the following table:
(Dollars in thousands)
January 1,
2016
 
Goodwill
Acquired
 
Impairment
Loss
 Goodwill Adjustments September 30,
2016
January 1,
2017
 
Goodwill
Acquired
 
Impairment
Loss
 Goodwill Adjustments September 30,
2017
Community banking$401,612
 $11,470
 $
 $1,517
 $414,599
$427,781
 $999
 $
 $685
 $429,465
Specialty finance38,035
 
 
 1,190
 39,225
38,692
 
 
 1,750
 40,442
Wealth management32,114
 
 
 
 32,114
32,114
 
 
 
 32,114
Total$471,761
 $11,470
 $
 $2,707
 $485,938
$498,587
 $999
 $
 $2,435
 $502,021

The community banking segment's goodwill increased $13.0$1.7 million in the first nine months of 20162017 primarily as a result of the acquisition of Generations.AHM and subsequent purchase adjustments related to the acquisition of FCFC. The specialty finance segment's goodwill increased $1.2$1.8 million in the first nine months of 20162017 as a result of foreign currency translation adjustments related to the Canadian acquisitions.

At June 30, 2016,2017, the Company utilized a qualitativequantitative approach for its annual goodwill impairment test of the community banking segment and determined that it is not more likely than not than anno impairment existed at that time. TheAt December 31, 2016, the Company utilized a quantitative approach for its annual goodwill impairment tests of the specialty finance and wealth management segments will be conductedand determined that no impairment existed at December 31, 2016.that time. At each reporting date between annual goodwill impairment tests, the Company considers potential indicators of impairment. As of September 30, 2016,2017, the Company identified no such indicators of goodwill impairment.impairment for each business segment.

A summary of finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates shown and the expected amortization as of September 30, 20162017 is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
Community banking segment:          
Core deposit intangibles:          
Gross carrying amount$34,998
 $34,841
 $34,840
$37,272
 $37,272
 $34,998
Accumulated amortization(20,598) (17,382) (16,195)(24,550) (21,614) (20,598)
Net carrying amount$14,400
 $17,459
 $18,645
$12,722
 $15,658
 $14,400
Specialty finance segment:          
Customer list intangibles:          
Gross carrying amount$1,800
 $1,800
 $1,800
$1,972
 $1,800
 $1,800
Accumulated amortization(1,129) (1,052) (1,027)(1,258) (1,159) (1,129)
Net carrying amount$671
 $748
 $773
$714
 $641
 $671
Wealth management segment:          
Customer list and other intangibles:          
Gross carrying amount$7,940
 $7,940
 $7,940
$7,940
 $7,940
 $7,940
Accumulated amortization(2,275) (1,938) (1,825)(2,725) (2,388) (2,275)
Net carrying amount$5,665
 $6,002
 $6,115
$5,215
 $5,552
 $5,665
Total other intangible assets, net$20,736
 $24,209
 $25,533
$18,651
 $21,851
 $20,736
Estimated amortization  
Actual in nine months ended September 30, 2016$3,631
Estimated remaining in 20161,057
Estimated—20173,902
Actual in nine months ended September 30, 2017$3,373
Estimated remaining in 20171,027
Estimated—20183,395
3,796
Estimated—20192,875
3,223
Estimated—20202,334
2,597
Estimated—20212,056

The core deposit intangibles recognized in connection with prior bank acquisitions are amortized over a ten-year period on an accelerated basis. The customer list intangibles recognized in connection with the purchase of life insurance premium finance

assets in 2009 are being amortized over an 18-year period on an accelerated basis while the customer list intangibles recognized

in connection with prior acquisitions within the wealth management segment are being amortized over a ten-year period on a straight-line basis.

Total amortization expense associated with finite-lived intangibles totaled approximately $3.6$3.4 million and $3.3$3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively.

(9) Deposits

The following table is a summary of deposits as of the dates shown: 
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
Balance:          
Non-interest bearing$5,711,042
 $4,836,420
 $4,705,994
$6,502,409
 $5,927,377
 $5,711,042
NOW and interest bearing demand deposits2,552,611
 2,390,217
 2,231,258
2,273,025
 2,624,442
 2,552,611
Wealth management deposits2,283,233
 1,643,653
 1,469,920
2,171,758
 2,209,617
 2,283,233
Money market4,421,631
 4,041,300
 4,001,518
4,607,995
 4,441,811
 4,421,631
Savings1,977,661
 1,723,367
 1,684,007
2,673,201
 2,180,482
 1,977,661
Time certificates of deposit4,201,477
 4,004,677
 4,135,772
4,666,675
 4,274,903
 4,201,477
Total deposits$21,147,655
 $18,639,634
 $18,228,469
$22,895,063
 $21,658,632
 $21,147,655
Mix:          
Non-interest bearing27% 26% 26%28% 27% 27%
NOW and interest bearing demand deposits12
 13
 12
10
 12
 12
Wealth management deposits11
 9
 8
10
 10
 11
Money market21
 22
 22
20
 21
 21
Savings9
 9
 9
12
 10
 9
Time certificates of deposit20
 21
 23
20
 20
 20
Total deposits100% 100% 100%100% 100% 100%

Wealth management deposits represent deposit balances (primarily money market accounts) at the Company’s subsidiary banks from brokerage customers of Wayne Hummer Investments, LLC ("WHI"), trust and asset management customers of Company and brokerage customers from unaffiliated companies.

(10) FHLB Advances, Other Borrowings and Subordinated Notes

The following table is a summary of notes payable, FHLB advances, other borrowings and subordinated notes as of the dates shown:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
FHLB advances$419,632
 $853,431
 $443,955
$468,962
 $153,831
 $419,632
Other borrowings:          
Notes payable56,191
 67,429
 71,250
41,216
 52,445
 56,191
Short-term borrowings33,173
 63,887
 57,590
19,959
 61,809
 33,173
Other18,360
 18,965
 18,332
49,502
 18,154
 18,360
Secured borrowings133,642
 115,504
 112,633
141,003
 130,078
 133,642
Total other borrowings241,366
 265,785
 259,805
251,680
 262,486
 241,366
Subordinated notes138,943
 138,861
 138,834
139,052
 138,971
 138,943
Total FHLB advances, other borrowings and subordinated notes$799,941
 $1,258,077
 $842,594
$859,694
 $555,288
 $799,941

FHLB Advances

FHLB advances consist of obligations of the banks and are collateralized by qualifying commercial and residential real estate and home equity loans and certain securities. FHLB advances are stated at par value of the debt adjusted for unamortized prepayment

fees paid at

the time of prior restructurings of FHLB advances and unamortized fair value adjustments recorded in connection with advances acquired through acquisitions.

Notes Payable

At September 30, 2016,2017, notes payable represented a $56.2$41.2 million term facility ("Term Facility"), which is part of a $150.0 million loan agreement ("Credit Agreement") with unaffiliated banks dated December 15, 2014. The Credit Agreement consists of the Term Facility with an original outstanding balance of $75.0 million and a $75.0 million revolving credit facility ("Revolving Credit Facility"). At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had a balance of $56.2$41.2 million compared to $67.4$52.4 million at December 31, 20152016 and $71.3$56.2 million at September 30, 20152016 under the Term Facility. The Term Facility is stated at par of the current outstanding balance of the debt adjusted for unamortized costs paid by the Company in relation to the debt issuance. The Company was contractually required to borrow the entire amount of the Term Facility on June 15, 2015 and all such borrowings must be repaid by June 15, 2020. Beginning September 30, 2015, the Company was required to make straight-line quarterly amortizing payments on the Term Facility. At September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015,2016, the Company had no outstanding balance under the Revolving Credit Facility. As no outstanding balance exists on the Revolving Credit Facility, unamortized costs paid by the Company in relation to the issuance of this debt are classified in other assets on the Consolidated Statements of Condition. In December 2015, the Company amended the Credit Agreement, effectively extending the maturity date on the Revolving Credit Facility from December 14, 2015 to December 12, 2016. In December 2016, the Company again amended the Credit Agreement, effectively extending the maturity date on the Revolving Credit Facility from December 12, 2016 to December 11, 2017.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement that are considered “Base Rate Loans” bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (1) 50 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility) or 75 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Term Facility) plus (2) the highest of (a) the federal funds rate plus 50 basis points, (b) the lender's prime rate, and (c) the Eurodollar Rate (as defined below) that would be applicable for an interest period of one month plus 100 basis points. Borrowings under the agreement that are considered “Eurodollar Rate Loans” bear interest at a rate equal to the sum of (1) 150 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Revolving Credit Facility) or 175 basis points (in the case of a borrowing under the Term Facility) plus (2) the LIBOR rate for the applicable period, as adjusted for statutory reserve requirements for eurocurrency liabilities (the “Eurodollar Rate”). A commitment fee is payable quarterly equal to 0.20% of the actual daily amount by which the lenders' commitment under the Revolving Credit Facility exceeded the amount outstanding under such facility.

Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are secured by pledges of and first priority perfected security interests in the Company's equity interest in its bank subsidiaries and contain several restrictive covenants, including the maintenance of various capital adequacy levels, asset quality and profitability ratios, and certain restrictions on dividends and other indebtedness. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company was in compliance with all such covenants. The Revolving Credit Facility and the Term Facility are available to be utilized, as needed, to provide capital to fund continued growth at the Company’s banks and to serve as an interim source of funds for acquisitions, common stock repurchases or other general corporate purposes.

Short-term Borrowings

Short-term borrowings include securities sold under repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased. These borrowings totaled $20.0 million at September 30, 2017 compared to $61.8 million at December 31, 2016 and $33.2 million at September 30, 2016 compared to $63.9 million at December 31, 2015 and $57.6 million at September 30, 2015.2016. At September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015,2016, securities sold under repurchase agreements represent $33.2$20.0 million, $58.9$61.8 million and $57.6$33.2 million, respectively, of customer sweep accounts in connection with master repurchase agreements at the banks. The Company records securities sold under repurchase agreements at their gross value and does not offset positions on the Consolidated Statements of Condition. As of September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had pledged securities related to its customer balances in sweep accounts of $44.1$60.0 million. Securities pledged for customer balances in sweep accounts and short-term borrowings from brokers are maintained under the Company’s control and consist of U.S. Government agency mortgage-backed and corporatemortgage-backed securities. These securities are included in the available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities portfolios as reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition.


The following is a summary of these securities pledged as of September 30, 20162017 disaggregated by investment category and maturity of the related customer sweep account, and reconciled to the outstanding balance of securities sold under repurchase agreements:
(Dollars in thousands) Overnight Sweep Collateral Overnight Sweep Collateral
Available-for-sale securities pledged    
Corporate notes:  
Financial issuers $3,945
U.S. Treasury $24,830
Mortgage-backed securities 19,853
 10,162
Held-to-maturity securities pledged    
U.S. Government agencies 20,296
 25,000
Total collateral pledged $44,094
 $59,992
Excess collateral 10,921
 40,033
Securities sold under repurchase agreements $33,173
 $19,959

Other Borrowings

Other borrowings at September 30, 20162017 represent a fixed-rate promissory note issued by the Company in August 2012June 2017 ("Fixed-Rate Promissory Note") related to and secured by antwo office buildingbuildings owned by the Company, and non-recourse notes issued by the Company to other banks related to certain capital leases. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Fixed-Rate Promissory Note had a balance of $17.8 million compared to a balance of $18.2 million and $18.3 million at December 31, 2015 and September 30, 2015, respectively.$49.3 million. Under the Fixed-Rate Promissory Note, the Company will make monthly principal payments and pay interest at a fixed rate of 3.75%3.36% until maturity on June 30, 2022. Under a previous fixed-rate promissory note with an unrelated creditor related to and secured by an office building owned by the Company, other borrowings totaled $17.7 million and $17.8 million at December 31, 2016 and September 1, 2017.30, 2016, respectively. In June 2017, this previous fixed-rate promissory note was paid off upon the Company's issuance of the Fixed-Rate Promissory Note. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015,2017, the non-recourse notes related to certain capital leases totaled $225,000 compared to $447,000 and $519,000 at December 31, 2016 and $732,000,September 30, 2016, respectively.

Secured Borrowings

Secured borrowings at September 30, 20162017 primarily represents transactions to sell an undivided co-ownership interest in all receivables owed to the Company's subsidiary, FIFC Canada. In December 2014, FIFC Canada sold such interest to an unrelated third party in exchange for a cash payment of approximately C$150 million pursuant to a receivables purchase agreement (“Receivables Purchase Agreement”). The Receivables Purchase Agreement was amended in December 2015, effectively extending the maturity date from December 15, 2015 to December 15, 2017. Additionally, at that time, the unrelated third party paid an additional C$10 million, which increased the total payments to C$160 million. These transactions were not considered sales of receivables and, as such, related proceeds received are reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition as a secured borrowing owed to the unrelated third party, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, and translated to the Company’s reporting currency as of the respective date. At September 30, 2016,2017, the translated balance of the secured borrowing totaled $121.9$128.3 million compared to $115.5$119.0 million at December 31, 20152016 and $112.6$121.9 million at September 30, 2015.2016. Additionally, the interest rate under the Receivables Purchase Agreement at September 30, 20162017 was 1.6121%1.9094%. The remaining $12.7 million within secured borrowings at September 30, 2017 represents other sold interests in certain loans by the Company that were not considered sales and, as such, related proceeds received are reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition as a secured borrowing owed to the various unrelated third parties.

Subordinated Notes

At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had outstanding subordinated notes totaling $138.9$139.1 million compared to $138.9$139.0 million and $138.8$138.9 million outstanding at December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015,2016, respectively. The notes have a stated interest rate of 5.00% and mature in June 2024. These notes are stated at par adjusted for unamortized costs paid related to the issuance of this debt.

(11) Junior Subordinated Debentures

As of September 30, 2016,2017, the Company owned 100% of the common securities of eleven trusts, Wintrust Capital Trust III, Wintrust Statutory Trust IV, Wintrust Statutory Trust V, Wintrust Capital Trust VII, Wintrust Capital Trust VIII, Wintrust Capital Trust IX, Northview Capital Trust I, Town Bankshares Capital Trust I, First Northwest Capital Trust I, Suburban Illinois Capital Trust II, and Community Financial Shares Statutory Trust II (the “Trusts”) set up to provide long-term financing. The Northview,

Town, First Northwest, Suburban, and Community Financial Shares capital trusts were acquired as part of the acquisitions of Northview Financial Corporation, Town Bankshares, Ltd., First Northwest Bancorp, Inc., Suburban and CFIS, respectively. The Trusts were formed for purposes of issuing trust preferred securities to third-party investors and investing the proceeds from the issuance of the trust preferred securities and common securities solely in junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company (or assumed by the Company in connection with an acquisition), with the same maturities and interest rates as the trust preferred

securities. The junior subordinated debentures are the sole assets of the Trusts. In each Trust, the common securities represent approximately 3% of the junior subordinated debentures and the trust preferred securities represent approximately 97% of the junior subordinated debentures.

In January 2016, the Company acquired $15.0 million of the $40.0 million of trust preferred securities issued by Wintrust Capital Trust VIII from a third-party investor. The purchase effectively extinguished $15.0 million of junior subordinated debentures related to Wintrust Capital Trust VIII and resulted in a $4.3 million gain from the early extinguishment of debt.

The Trusts are reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as unconsolidated subsidiaries. Accordingly, in the Consolidated Statements of Condition, the junior subordinated debentures issued by the Company to the Trusts are reported as liabilities and the common securities of the Trusts, all of which are owned by the Company, are included in available-for-sale securities.

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s junior subordinated debentures as of September 30, 2016.2017. The junior subordinated debentures represent the par value of the obligations owed to the Trusts.
(Dollars in thousands)
Common
Securities
 
Trust 
Preferred
Securities
 
Junior
Subordinated
Debentures
 
Rate
Structure
 
Contractual rate
at 9/30/2016
 
Issue
Date
 
Maturity
Date
 
Earliest
Redemption
Date
Common
Securities
 
Trust 
Preferred
Securities
 
Junior
Subordinated
Debentures
 
Rate
Structure
 
Contractual rate
at 9/30/2017
 
Issue
Date
 
Maturity
Date
 
Earliest
Redemption
Date
Wintrust Capital Trust III$774
 $25,000
 $25,774
 L+3.25 3.93% 04/2003 04/2033 04/2008$774
 $25,000
 $25,774
 L+3.25 4.55% 04/2003 04/2033 04/2008
Wintrust Statutory Trust IV619
 20,000
 20,619
 L+2.80 3.64% 12/2003 12/2033 12/2008619
 20,000
 20,619
 L+2.80 4.14% 12/2003 12/2033 12/2008
Wintrust Statutory Trust V1,238
 40,000
 41,238
 L+2.60 3.44% 05/2004 05/2034 06/20091,238
 40,000
 41,238
 L+2.60 3.94% 05/2004 05/2034 06/2009
Wintrust Capital Trust VII1,550
 50,000
 51,550
 L+1.95 2.80% 12/2004 03/2035 03/20101,550
 50,000
 51,550
 L+1.95 3.27% 12/2004 03/2035 03/2010
Wintrust Capital Trust VIII1,238
 25,000
 26,238
 L+1.45 2.29% 08/2005 09/2035 09/20101,238
 25,000
 26,238
 L+1.45 2.79% 08/2005 09/2035 09/2010
Wintrust Capital Trust IX1,547
 50,000
 51,547
 L+1.63 2.48% 09/2006 09/2036 09/20111,547
 50,000
 51,547
 L+1.63 2.95% 09/2006 09/2036 09/2011
Northview Capital Trust I186
 6,000
 6,186
 L+3.00 3.76% 08/2003 11/2033 08/2008186
 6,000
 6,186
 L+3.00 4.31% 08/2003 11/2033 08/2008
Town Bankshares Capital Trust I186
 6,000
 6,186
 L+3.00 3.76% 08/2003 11/2033 08/2008186
 6,000
 6,186
 L+3.00 4.31% 08/2003 11/2033 08/2008
First Northwest Capital Trust I155
 5,000
 5,155
 L+3.00 3.84% 05/2004 05/2034 05/2009155
 5,000
 5,155
 L+3.00 4.34% 05/2004 05/2034 05/2009
Suburban Illinois Capital Trust II464
 15,000
 15,464
 L+1.75 2.60% 12/2006 12/2036 12/2011464
 15,000
 15,464
 L+1.75 3.07% 12/2006 12/2036 12/2011
Community Financial Shares Statutory Trust II109
 3,500
 3,609
 L+1.62 2.47% 06/2007 09/2037 06/2012109
 3,500
 3,609
 L+1.62 2.94% 06/2007 09/2037 06/2012
Total    $253,566
 
 3.02%     $253,566
 
 3.52% 

The junior subordinated debentures totaled $253.6 million at September 30, 2016 compared to $268.6 million at2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015.2016.

The interest rates on the variable rate junior subordinated debentures are based on the three-month LIBOR rate and reset on a quarterly basis. At September 30, 2016,2017, the weighted average contractual interest rate on the junior subordinated debentures was 3.02%. The Company entered into interest rate swaps and caps to hedge the variable cash flows on certain junior subordinated debentures. The hedge-adjusted rate on the junior subordinated debentures as of September 30, 2016, was 3.71%3.52%. Distributions on the common and preferred securities issued by the Trusts are payable quarterly at a rate per annum equal to the interest rates being earned by the Trusts on the junior subordinated debentures. Interest expense on the junior subordinated debentures is deductible for income tax purposes.

The Company has guaranteed the payment of distributions and payments upon liquidation or redemption of the trust preferred securities, in each case to the extent of funds held by the Trusts. The Company and the Trusts believe that, taken together, the obligations of the Company under the guarantees, the junior subordinated debentures, and other related agreements provide, in the aggregate, a full, irrevocable and unconditional guarantee, on a subordinated basis, of all of the obligations of the Trusts under the trust preferred securities. Subject to certain limitations, the Company has the right to defer the payment of interest on the junior subordinated debentures at any time, or from time to time, for a period not to exceed 20 consecutive quarters. The trust preferred securities are subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the junior subordinated debentures at maturity or their earlier redemption. The junior subordinated debentures are redeemable in whole or in part prior to maturity at any time after the earliest redemption dates shown in the table, and earlier at the discretion of the Company if certain conditions are met, and, in any event, only after the Company has obtained Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB") approval, if then required under applicable guidelines or regulations.

Prior to January 1, 2015, the junior subordinated debentures, subject to certain limitations, qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company and the amount in excess of those certain limitations could, subject to other restrictions, be included in Tier 2

capital. Starting in 2015, a portion of these junior subordinated debentures still qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company and the amount in excess of those certain limitations, subject to certain restrictions, was included in Tier 2 capital. At December 31,

2015, $65.1 million and $195.4 million of the junior subordinated debentures, net of common securities, were included in the Company's Tier 1 and Tier 2 regulatory capital, respectively. Starting in 2016, none of the junior subordinated debentures qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company resulting in $245.5 million of the junior subordinated debentures, net of common securities, being included in the Company's Tier 2 regulatory capital.

(12) Segment Information

The Company’s operations consist of three primary segments: community banking, specialty finance and wealth management.

The three reportable segments are strategic business units that are separately managed as they offer different products and services and have different marketing strategies. In addition, each segment’s customer base has varying characteristics and each segment has a different regulatory environment. While the Company’s management monitors each of the fifteen bank subsidiaries’ operations and profitability separately, these subsidiaries have been aggregated into one reportable operating segment due to the similarities in products and services, customer base, operations, profitability measures, and economic characteristics.

For purposes of internal segment profitability, management allocates certain intersegment and parent company balances. Management allocates a portion of revenues to the specialty finance segment related to loans and leases originated by the specialty finance segment and sold or assigned to the community banking segment. Similarly, for purposes of analyzing the contribution from the wealth management segment, management allocates a portion of the net interest income earned by the community banking segment on deposit balances of customers of the wealth management segment to the wealth management segment. See Note 9 — Deposits, for more information on these deposits. Finally, expenses incurred at the Wintrust parent company are allocated to each segment based on each segment's risk-weighted assets.

The segment financial information provided in the following tables has been derived from the internal profitability reporting system used by management to monitor and manage the financial performance of the Company. The accounting policies of the segments are substantially similar to those described in “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in Note 1 of the Company’s 20152016 Form 10-K. The Company evaluates segment performance based on after-tax profit or loss and other appropriate profitability measures common to each segment.

The following is a summary of certain operating information for reportable segments:
Three months ended 
$ Change in
Contribution
 
% Change  in
Contribution
Three months ended 
$ Change in
Contribution
 
% Change  in
Contribution
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 
Net interest income:              
Community Banking$150,159
 $132,542
 $17,617
 13 %$176,526
 $150,159
 $26,367
 18 %
Specialty Finance25,543
 24,657
 886
 4
30,501
 25,543
 4,958
 19
Wealth Management4,835
 4,368
 467
 11
4,557
 4,835
 (278) (6)
Total Operating Segments180,537
 161,567
 18,970
 12
211,584
 180,537
 31,047
 17
Intersegment Eliminations4,099
 3,973
 126
 3
4,404
 4,099
 305
 7
Consolidated net interest income$184,636
 $165,540
 $19,096
 12 %$215,988
 $184,636
 $31,352
 17 %
Non-interest income:              
Community Banking$62,730
 $45,574
 $17,156
 38 %$52,554
 $62,730
 $(10,176) (16)%
Specialty Finance12,226
 8,264
 3,962
 48
16,315
 12,226
 4,089
 33
Wealth Management20,045
 18,362
 1,683
 9
20,371
 20,045
 326
 2
Total Operating Segments95,001
 72,200
 22,801
 32
89,240
 95,001
 (5,761) (6)
Intersegment Eliminations(8,397) (7,247) (1,150) (16)(9,509) (8,397) (1,112) (13)
Consolidated non-interest income$86,604
 $64,953
 $21,651
 33 %$79,731
 $86,604
 $(6,873) (8)%
Net revenue:              
Community Banking$212,889
 $178,116
 $34,773
 20 %$229,080
 $212,889
 $16,191
 8 %
Specialty Finance37,769
 32,921
 4,848
 15
46,816
 37,769
 9,047
 24
Wealth Management24,880
 22,730
 2,150
 9
24,928
 24,880
 48
 
Total Operating Segments275,538
 233,767
 41,771
 18
300,824
 275,538
 25,286
 9
Intersegment Eliminations(4,298) (3,274) (1,024) (31)(5,105) (4,298) (807) (19)
Consolidated net revenue$271,240
 $230,493
 $40,747
 18 %$295,719
 $271,240
 $24,479
 9 %
Segment profit:              
Community Banking$37,527
 $22,723
 $14,804
 65 %$44,799
 $37,527
 $7,272
 19 %
Specialty Finance12,767
 12,545
 222
 2
17,043
 12,767
 4,276
 33
Wealth Management2,821
 3,087
 (266) (9)3,784
 2,821
 963
 34
Consolidated net income$53,115
 $38,355
 $14,760
 38 %$65,626
 $53,115
 $12,511
 24 %
Segment assets:              
Community Banking$21,019,002
 $18,497,364
 $2,521,638
 14 %$22,426,049
 $21,019,002
 $1,407,047
 7 %
Specialty Finance3,702,241
 2,987,021
 715,220
 24
4,305,960
 3,702,241
 603,719
 16
Wealth Management600,516
 550,831
 49,685
 9
626,153
 600,516
 25,637
 4
Consolidated total assets$25,321,759
 $22,035,216
 $3,286,543
 15 %$27,358,162
 $25,321,759
 $2,036,403
 8 %

Nine months ended 
$ Change in
Contribution
 
% Change  in
Contribution
Nine months ended 
$ Change in
Contribution
 
% Change  in
Contribution
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 
Net interest income:              
Community Banking$434,108
 $382,187
 $51,921
 14 %$499,135
 $434,108
 $65,027
 15 %
Specialty Finance71,075
 67,041
 4,034
 6
85,871
 71,075
 14,796
 21
Wealth Management13,701
 12,837
 864
 7
14,532
 13,701
 831
 6
Total Operating Segments518,884
 462,065
 56,819
 12
599,538
 518,884
 80,654
 16
Intersegment Eliminations12,531
 12,258
 273
 2
13,439
 12,531
 908
 7
Consolidated net interest income$531,415
 $474,323
 $57,092
 12 %$612,977
 $531,415
 $81,562
 15 %
Non-interest income:              
Community Banking$169,210
 $146,739
 $22,471
 15 %$160,277
 $169,210
 $(8,933) (5)%
Specialty Finance37,111
 25,270
 11,841
 47
44,192
 37,111
 7,081
 19
Wealth Management58,660
 56,103
 2,557
 5
61,746
 58,660
 3,086
 5
Total Operating Segments264,981
 228,112
 36,869
 16
266,215
 264,981
 1,234
 
Intersegment Eliminations(24,826) (21,605) (3,221) (15)(27,747) (24,826) (2,921) (12)
Consolidated non-interest income$240,155
 $206,507
 $33,648
 16 %$238,468
 $240,155
 $(1,687) (1)%
Net revenue:              
Community Banking$603,318
 $528,926
 $74,392
 14 %$659,412
 $603,318
 $56,094
 9 %
Specialty Finance108,186
 92,311
 15,875
 17
130,063
 108,186
 21,877
 20
Wealth Management72,361
 68,940
 3,421
 5
76,278
 72,361
 3,917
 5
Total Operating Segments783,865
 690,177
 93,688
 14
865,753
 783,865
 81,888
 10
Intersegment Eliminations(12,295) (9,347) (2,948) (32)(14,308) (12,295) (2,013) (16)
Consolidated net revenue$771,570
 $680,830
 $90,740
 13 %$851,445
 $771,570
 $79,875
 10 %
Segment profit:              
Community Banking$106,860
 $76,821
 $30,039
 39 %$128,502
 $106,860
 $21,642
 20 %
Specialty Finance36,283
 34,875
 1,408
 4
47,990
 36,283
 11,707
 32
Wealth Management9,124
 9,542
 (418) (4)12,409
 9,124
 3,285
 36
Consolidated net income$152,267
 $121,238
 $31,029
 26 %$188,901
 $152,267
 $36,634
 24 %


(13) Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company primarily enters into derivative financial instruments as part of its strategy to manage its exposure to changes in interest rates. Derivative instruments represent contracts between parties that result in one party delivering cash to the other party based on a notional amount and an underlying term (such as a rate, security price or price index) as specified in the contract. The amount of cash delivered from one party to the other is determined based on the interaction of the notional amount of the contract with the underlying term. Derivatives are also implicit in certain contracts and commitments.

The derivative financial instruments currently used by the Company to manage its exposure to interest rate risk include: (1) interest rate swaps and caps to manage the interest rate risk of certain fixed and variable rate assets and variable rate liabilities; (2) interest rate lock commitments provided to customers to fund certain mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market; (3) forward commitments for the future delivery of such mortgage loans to protect the Company from adverse changes in interest rates and corresponding changes in the value of mortgage loans held-for-sale; and (4) covered call options to economically hedge specific investment securities and receive fee income effectively enhancing the overall yield on such securities to compensate for net interest margin compression. The Company also enters into derivatives (typically interest rate swaps) with certain qualified borrowers to facilitate the borrowers’ risk management strategies and concurrently enters into mirror-image derivatives with a third party counterparty, effectively making a market in the derivatives for such borrowers. Additionally, the Company enters into foreign currency contracts to manage foreign exchange risk associated with certain foreign currency denominated assets.

The Company has purchased interest rate cap derivatives to hedge or manage its own risk exposures. Certain interest rate cap derivatives have been designated as cash flow hedge derivatives of the variable cash outflows associated with interest expense on the Company’s junior subordinated debentures and certain deposits. Other cap derivatives are not designated for hedge accounting but are economic hedges of the Company's overall portfolio, therefore any mark to market changes in the value of these caps are recognized in earnings.

Below is a summary of the interest rate cap derivatives held by the Company as of September 30, 2016:
(Dollars in thousands)    
   NotionalAccountingFair Value as of
Effective DateMaturity DateAmountTreatmentSeptember 30, 2016
March 21, 2013March 21, 2017$100,000
Non-Hedge Designated$1
May 16, 2013November 16, 201675,000
Non-Hedge Designated
September 15, 2013September 15, 201750,000
Cash Flow Hedging9
September 30, 2013September 30, 201740,000
Cash Flow Hedging8
  $265,000
 $18

The Company recognizes derivative financial instruments in the consolidated financial statements at fair value regardless of the purpose or intent for holding the instrument. The Company records derivative assets and derivative liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Condition within accrued interest receivable and other assets and accrued interest payable and other liabilities, respectively. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are either recognized in income or in shareholders’ equity as a component of other comprehensive income depending on whether the derivative financial instrument qualifies for hedge accounting and, if so, whether it qualifies as a fair value hedge or cash flow hedge. Generally, changes in fair values of derivatives

accounted for as fair value hedges are recorded in income in the same period and in the same income statement line as changes in the fair values of the hedged items that relate to the hedged risk(s). Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments accounted for as cash flow hedges, to the extent they are effective hedges, are recorded as a component of other comprehensive income, net of deferred taxes, and reclassified to earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings. Changes in fair values of derivative financial instruments not designated in a hedging relationship pursuant to ASC 815, including changes in fair value related to the ineffective portion of cash flow hedges, are reported in non-interest income during the period of the change. Derivative financial instruments are valued by a third party and are corroborated throughby comparison with valuations provided by the respective counterparties. Fair values of certain mortgage banking derivatives (interest rate lock commitments and forward commitments to sell mortgage loans) are estimated based on changes in mortgage interest rates from the date of the loan commitment. The fair value of foreign currency derivatives is computed based on changes in foreign currency rates stated in the contract compared to those prevailing at the measurement date.


The table below presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as of September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015:2016:
Derivative Assets Derivative LiabilitiesDerivative Assets Derivative Liabilities
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815:                      
Interest rate derivatives designated as Cash Flow Hedges$549
 $242
 $216
 $7
 $846
 $1,329
$8,643
 $8,011
 $549
 $
 $
 $7
Interest rate derivatives designated as Fair Value Hedges177
 27
 5
 907
 143
 291
2,036
 2,228
 177
 53
 
 907
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815$726
 $269
 $221
 $914
 $989
 $1,620
$10,679
 $10,239
 $726
 $53
 $
 $914
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815:                      
Interest rate derivatives$79,477
 $42,510
 $56,717
 $79,199
 $41,469
 $55,809
$34,489
 $38,974
 $79,477
 $33,982
 $37,665
 $79,199
Interest rate lock commitments8,352
 7,401
 11,836
 4,060
 171
 
2,851
 4,265
 8,352
 1
 1,325
 4,060
Forward commitments to sell mortgage loans
 745
 
 3,505
 2,275
 7,713
19
 2,037
 
 1,495
 
 3,505
Foreign exchange contracts273
 373
 260
 270
 115
 56
160
 879
 273
 242
 849
 270
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments under ASC 815$88,102
 $51,029
 $68,813
 $87,034
 $44,030
 $63,578
$37,519
 $46,155
 $88,102
 $35,720
 $39,839
 $87,034
Total Derivatives$88,828
 $51,298
 $69,034
 $87,948
 $45,019
 $65,198
$48,198
 $56,394
 $88,828
 $35,773
 $39,839
 $87,948

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to net interest income and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, the Company primarily uses interest rate swaps and interest rate caps as part of its interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of variable-rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. Interest rate caps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of payments at the end of each period in which the interest rate specified in the contract exceeds the agreed upon strike price.

As of September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had twofour interest rate swap derivatives designated as cash flow hedges of variable rate deposits. The interest rate swap derivatives had notional amounts of $200.0 million, $250.0 million, $275.0 million and $275.0$200.0 million and mature in June 2019, July 2019, and August 2019 respectively. Additionally, as of September 30, 2016, the Company had one interest rate swap and two interest rate caps designated as hedges of the variable cash outflows associated with interest expense on the Company’s junior subordinated debentures. The swap derivative associated with the Company's junior subordinated debentures had a notional amount of $25.0 million, and matures in October 2016. The cap derivatives associated with the Company's junior subordinated debentures had notional amounts of $50.0 million and $40.0 million, respectively, both maturing in September 2017.June 2020, respectively. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of these cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and is subsequently reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable rate junior subordinated debentures. The changes in fair value (net of tax) are separately disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of these derivatives is recognized directly in earnings; however, no hedge ineffectiveness was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 or September 30, 2015.2016. The Company uses the hypothetical derivative method to assess and measure hedge effectiveness.






The table below provides details on each of these cash flow hedges as of September 30, 2016:2017:
September 30, 2016September 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)Notional Fair ValueNotional Fair Value
Maturity DateAmount Asset (Liability)Amount Asset (Liability)
Interest Rate Swaps:      
October 2016$25,000
 $(7)
June 2019$200,000
 $295
July 2019250,000
 106
250,000
 3,549
August 2019275,000
 426
275,000
 4,434
Total Interest Rate Swaps$550,000
 $525
Interest Rate Caps:   
September 2017$50,000
 $9
September 201740,000
 8
Total Interest Rate Caps$90,000
 $17
June 2020200,000
 365
Total Cash Flow Hedges$640,000
 $542
$925,000
 $8,643
A rollforward of the amounts in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges follows:
 Three months ended Nine months ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
Unrealized loss at beginning of period$(3,574) $(4,408) $(3,529) $(4,062)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense on deposits and junior subordinated debentures1,065
 571
 2,620
 1,460
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income1,708
 (503) 108
 (1,738)
Unrealized loss at end of period$(801) $(4,340) $(801) $(4,340)
 Three months ended Nine months ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Unrealized gain (loss) at beginning of period$8,249
 $(3,574) $6,944
 $(3,529)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense on deposits and junior subordinated debentures14
 1,065
 1,051
 2,620
Amount of (loss) gain recognized in other comprehensive income380
 1,708
 648
 108
Unrealized gain (loss) at end of period$8,643
 $(801) $8,643
 $(801)

As of September 30, 2016,2017, the Company estimates that during the next twelve months, $1.7$3.5 million will be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive lossgain as an increase to interest expense.

Fair Value Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the payment of fixed amounts to a counterparty in exchange for the Company receiving variable payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. As of September 30, 2016,2017, the Company has seveneleven interest rate swaps with an aggregate notional amount of $71.3$126.1 million that were designated as fair value hedges associated with fixed rate commercial and industrial and commercial franchise loans as well as life insurance premium finance receivables.

For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings. The Company includes the gain or loss on the hedged item in the same line item as the offsetting loss or gain on the related derivatives. The Company recognized a net gain of $12,000 and $35,000 in other income related to hedge ineffectiveness for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and a $21,000 net loss for the three months ended September 30, 2015.respectively. On a year-to-date basis, the Company recognized a net gain of $13,000$41,000 and a net lossgain of $23,000$13,000 in other income related to hedge ineffectiveness for the nine months endingended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively.

On June 1, 2013, the Company de-designated a $96.5 million notional amount cap which was previously designated as a fair value hedge of interest rate risk associated with an embedded cap in one of the Company’s floating rate loans. The hedged loan was restructured which resulted in the interest rate cap no longer qualifying as an effective fair value hedge. As such, the interest rate cap derivative is no longer accounted for under hedge accounting and all changes in the interest rate cap derivative value subsequent to June 1, 2013 are recorded in earnings.

The following table presents the gain/(loss) and hedge ineffectiveness recognized on derivative instruments and the related hedged items that are designated as a fair value hedge accounting relationship as of September 30, 20162017 and 2015:2016:
 
(Dollars in thousands)



Derivatives in Fair Value
Hedging Relationships
Location of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in Income on
Derivative
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized
in Income on Derivative
Three Months Ended
 
Amount of (Loss)/Gain Recognized
in Income on Hedged Item
Three Months Ended
 
Income Statement Gain/
(Loss) due to Hedge
Ineffectiveness
Three Months Ended 
Location of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in Income on
Derivative
 
Amount of (Loss)/Gain Recognized
in Income on Derivative
Three Months Ended
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized
in Income on Hedged Item
Three Months Ended
 
Income Statement Gain
due to Hedge
Ineffectiveness
Three Months Ended 
September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Interest rate swapsTrading losses, net $269
 $(323) $(234) $302
 $35
 $(21)Trading losses, net $(64) $269
 $76
 $(234) $12
 $35

(Dollars in thousands)



Derivatives in Fair Value
Hedging Relationships
Location of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in Income on
Derivative
 
Amount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized
in Income on Derivative
Nine Months Ended
 
Amount of (Loss)/Gain Recognized
in Income on Hedged Item
Nine Months Ended
 
Income Statement Gain/
(Loss) due to Hedge
Ineffectiveness
Nine Months Ended 
Location of Gain/(Loss)
Recognized in Income on
Derivative
 
Amount of Loss Recognized
in Income on Derivative
Nine Months Ended
 
Amount of Gain Recognized
in Income on Hedged Item
Nine Months Ended
 
Income Statement Gain
due to Hedge
Ineffectiveness
Nine Months Ended 
September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Interest rate swapsTrading losses, net $(614) $(338) $627
 $315
 $13
 $(23)Trading losses, net $(245) $(614) $286
 $627
 $41
 $13

Non-Designated Hedges

The Company does not use derivatives for speculative purposes. Derivatives not designated as accounting hedges are used to manage the Company’s economic exposure to interest rate movements and other identified risks but do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements of ASC 815. Changes in the fair value of derivatives not designated in hedging relationships are recorded directly in earnings.

Interest Rate Derivatives—The Company has interest rate derivatives, including swaps and option products, resulting from a service the Company provides to certain qualified borrowers. The Company’s banking subsidiaries execute certain derivative products (typically interest rate swaps) directly with qualified commercial borrowers to facilitate their respective risk management strategies. For example, these arrangements allow the Company’s commercial borrowers to effectively convert a variable rate loan to a fixed rate. In order to minimize the Company’s exposure on these transactions, the Company simultaneously executes offsetting derivatives with third parties. In most cases, the offsetting derivatives have mirror-image terms, which result in the positions’ changes in fair value substantially offsetting through earnings each period. However, to the extent that the derivatives are not a mirror-image and because of differences in counterparty credit risk, changes in fair value will not completely offset resulting in some earnings impact each period. Changes in the fair value of these derivatives are included in non-interest income. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had interest rate derivative transactions with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $4.1$4.9 billion (all interest rate swaps and caps with customers and third parties) related to this program. These interest rate derivatives had maturity dates ranging from October 20162017 to February 2045.

Mortgage Banking Derivatives—These derivatives include interest rate lock commitments provided to customers to fund certain mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of such loans. It is the Company’s practice to enter into forward commitments for the future delivery of a portion of our residential mortgage loan production when interest rate lock commitments are entered into in order to economically hedge the effect of future changes in interest rates on its commitments to fund the loans as well as on its portfolio of mortgage loans held-for-sale. The Company’s mortgage banking derivatives have not been designated as being in accounting hedge relationships. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had forward commitments to sell mortgage loans with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $1.3 billion$773.5 million and interest rate lock commitments with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $683.6$409.3 million. The fair values of these derivatives were estimated based on changes in mortgage rates from the dates of the commitments. Changes in the fair value of these mortgage banking derivatives are included in mortgage banking revenue.

Foreign Currency Derivatives—These derivatives include foreign currency contracts used to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with foreign currency denominated assets and to facilitate the respective risk management strategies of certain customer's foreign currency transactions. Foreign currency contracts, which include spot and forward contracts, represent agreements to exchange the currency of one country for the currency of another country at an agreed-upon price on an agreed-upon settlement date. As a result of fluctuations in foreign currencies, the U.S. dollar-equivalent value of the foreign currency denominated assets or forecasted transactions increase or decrease. Gains or losses on the derivative instruments related to these foreign currency denominated assets or forecasted transactions are expected to substantially offset this variability. For certain foreign currency contracts with customers, the Company simultaneously executes offsetting derivatives with third parties. These offsetting

derivatives have mirror-image terms, which result in the positions’ changes in fair value substantially offsetting through earnings each period. As of September 30, 20162017 the Company held foreign currency derivatives with an aggregate notional amount of approximately $63.6$43.4 million.

Other Derivatives—Periodically, the Company will sell options to a bank or dealer for the right to purchase certain securities held within the banks’ investment portfolios (covered call options). These option transactions are designed primarily to mitigate overall interest rate risk and to increase the total return associated with the investment securities portfolio. These options do not qualify as accounting hedges pursuant to ASC 815, and, accordingly, changes in fair value of these contracts are recognized as other non-interest income. There were no covered call options outstanding as of September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 or September 30, 2015.2016.

As discussed above, the Company has entered into interest rate cap derivatives to protect the Company in a rising rate environment against increased margin compression due to the repricing of variable rate liabilities and lack of repricing of fixed rate loans and/or securities. As of September 30, 2016, the Company held two interest rate cap derivative contracts, which are not designated in accounting hedge relationships, with an aggregate notional value of $175.0 million.

Amounts included in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to derivative instruments not designated in accounting hedge relationships were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
DerivativeLocation in income statement September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
Location in income statement September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Interest rate swaps and capsTrading (losses) gains, net $(395) $(275) $(751) $(592)Trading losses, net $(94) $(395) $(762) $(751)
Mortgage banking derivativesMortgage banking revenue (2,215) (4,062) (3,058) (1,669)Mortgage banking revenue 708
 (2,215) 1,398
 (3,058)
Covered call optionsFees from covered call options 3,633
 2,810
 9,994
 11,735
Fees from covered call options 1,143
 3,633
 2,792
 9,994
Foreign exchange contractsTrading (losses) gains, net (26) 113
 (262) 133
Trading losses, net (23) (26) (115) (262)

Credit Risk

Derivative instruments have inherent risks, primarily market risk and credit risk. Market risk is associated with changes in interest rates and credit risk relates to the risk that the counterparty will fail to perform according to the terms of the agreement. The amounts potentially subject to market and credit risks are the streams of interest payments under the contracts and the market value of the derivative instrument and not the notional principal amounts used to express the volume of the transactions. Market and credit risks are managed and monitored as part of the Company's overall asset-liability management process, except that the credit risk related to derivatives entered into with certain qualified borrowers is managed through the Company's standard loan underwriting process since these derivatives are secured through collateral provided by the loan agreements. Actual exposures are monitored against various types of credit limits established to contain risk within parameters. When deemed necessary, appropriate types and amounts of collateral are obtained to minimize credit exposure.

The Company has agreements with certain of its interest rate derivative counterparties that contain cross-default provisions, which provide that if the Company defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the Company could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Company also has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain a provision allowing the counterparty to terminate the derivative positions if the Company fails to maintain its status as a well or adequately capitalized institution, which would require the Company to settle its obligations under the agreements. As of September 30, 2016,2017, the fair value of interest rate derivatives in a net liability position that were subject to such agreements, which includes accrued interest related to these agreements, was $80.6$9.8 million. If at September 30, 2016 the Company had breached any of these provisions and the derivative positionsderivatives were terminated as a result, the Company would have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements at the termination value and would have been required to pay any additional amounts due in excess of amounts previously posted as collateral with the respective counterparty.

The Company is also exposed to the credit risk of its commercial borrowers who are counterparties to interest rate derivatives with the banks. This counterparty risk related to the commercial borrowers is managed and monitored through the banks' standard underwriting process applicable to loans since these derivatives are secured through collateral provided by the loan agreement. The counterparty risk associated with the mirror-image swaps executed with third parties is monitored and managed in connection with the Company's overall asset liability management process.









The Company records interest rate derivatives subject to master netting agreements at their gross value and does not offset derivative assets and liabilities on the Consolidated Statements of Condition. The tables below summarize the Company's interest rate derivatives and offsetting positions as of the dates shown.
Derivative Assets Derivative LiabilitiesDerivative Assets Derivative Liabilities
Fair Value Fair ValueFair Value Fair Value
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
Gross Amounts Recognized$80,203
 $42,779
 $56,938
 $80,113
 $42,458
 $57,429
$45,168
 $49,213
 $80,203
 $34,035
 $37,665
 $80,113
Less: Amounts offset in the Statements of Financial Condition
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Net amount presented in the Statements of Financial Condition$80,203
 $42,779
 $56,938
 $80,113
 $42,458
 $57,429
$45,168
 $49,213
 $80,203
 $34,035
 $37,665
 $80,113
Gross amounts not offset in the Statements of Financial Condition                      
Offsetting Derivative Positions(958) (753) (614) (958) (753) (614)$(16,213) (14,441) (958) $(16,213) (14,441) (958)
Collateral Posted (1)

 
 
 (79,155) (41,705) (54,410)(2,950) (8,530) 
 (17,130) (12,400) (79,155)
Net Credit Exposure$79,245
 $42,026
 $56,324
 $
 $
 $2,405
$26,005
 $26,242
 $79,245
 $692
 $10,824
 $

(1)
As of September 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Company posted collateral of$86.0 $86.0 million, and $45.5 million, respectively, which resulted in excess collateral with its counterparties. For purposes of this disclosure, the amount of posted collateral is limited to the amount offsetting the derivative liability.

(14) Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities

The Company measures, monitors and discloses certain of its assets and liabilities on a fair value basis. These financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the observability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:

Level 1—unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3—significant unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s own assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the above valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the assets or liabilities. Following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

Available-for-sale and trading account securities—Fair values for available-for-sale and trading securities are typically based on prices obtained from independent pricing vendors. Securities measured with these valuation techniques are generally classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Typically, standard inputs such as benchmark yields, reported trades for similar securities, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data including market research publications are used to fair value a security. When these inputs are not available, broker/dealer quotes may be obtained by the vendor to determine the fair value of the security. We review the vendor’s pricing methodologies to determine if observable market information is being used, versus unobservable inputs. Fair value measurements using significant inputs that are unobservable in the market due to limited activity or a less liquid market are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.


The Company’s Investment Operations Department is responsible for the valuation of Level 3 available-for-sale securities. The methodology and variables used as inputs in pricing Level 3 securities are derived from a combination of observable and

unobservable inputs. The unobservable inputs are determined through internal assumptions that may vary from period to period due to external factors, such as market movement and credit rating adjustments.

At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company classified $67.2$68.4 million of municipal securities as Level 3. These municipal securities are bond issues for various municipal government entities primarily located in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin and are privately placed, non-rated bonds without CUSIP numbers. The Company also classified $3.9 million of U.S. government agencies as Level 3 at September 30, 2017. The Company’s methodology for pricing the non-rated bondsthese securities focuses on three distinct inputs: equivalent rating, yield and other pricing terms. To determine the rating for a given non-rated municipal bond, the Investment Operations Department references a publicly issued bond by the same issuer if available. A reduction is then applied to the rating obtained from the comparable bond, as the Company believes if liquidated, a non-rated bond would be valued less than a similar bond with a verifiable rating. The reduction applied by the Company is one complete rating grade (i.e. a “AA” rating for a comparable bond would be reduced to “A” for the Company’s valuation). In the third quarter of 2016,2017, all of the ratings derived in the above process by Investment Operations were BBB or better, for both bonds with and without comparable bond proxies. The fair value measurement of municipal bonds is sensitive to the rating input, as a higher rating typically results in an increased valuation. The remaining pricing inputs used in the bond valuation are observable. Based on the rating determined in the above process, Investment Operations obtains a corresponding current market yield curve available to market participants. Other terms including coupon, maturity date, redemption price, number of coupon payments per year, and accrual method are obtained from the individual bond term sheets. Certain municipal bonds held by the Company at September 30, 20162017 have a call date that has passed, and are now continuously callable. When valuing these bonds, the fair value is capped at par value as the Company assumes a market participant would not pay more than par for a continuously callable bond. To determine the rating for the U.S. government agency securities, the Investment Operations Department assigned a AAA rating as it is guaranteed by the U.S. government.

At September 30, 2017, December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2016, the Company held no equity securities classified as Level 3 compared to $25.2 million at December 31, 2015 and $24.5 million at September 30, 2015.3. In the prior periods, theequity securities in Level 3 were primarily comprised of auction rate preferred securities. The Company’s valuation methodology at that time included modeling the contractual cash flows of the underlying preferred securities and applying a discount to these cash flows by a market spread derived from the market price of the securities underlying debt. In the third quarter of 2016, the Company exchanged these auction rate securities for the underlying preferred securities, resulting in a $2.4 million gain on the nonmonetary sale. The Company classified the preferred securities received as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy at the time of the transaction due to observable inputs other than quoted prices existing for the preferred securities.

Mortgage loans held-for-sale—The fair value of mortgage loans held-for-sale is determined by reference to investor price sheets for loan products with similar characteristics.

Loans held-for-investment—The fair value for loans in which the Company elected the fair value option is estimated by discounting future scheduled cash flows for the specific loan through maturity, adjusted for estimated credit losses and prepayments. At September 30, 2017, the Company classified $29.7 million of loans held-for-investment as Level 3. The weighted average discount rate used as an input to value these loans at September 30, 2017 was 3.65% with discount rates applied ranging from 3%-4%. The higher the rate utilized to discount estimated future cash flows, the lower the fair value measurement. As noted above, the fair value estimate also includes assumptions of prepayment speeds and credit losses. The Company included a prepayments speed assumption of 9.62% at September 30, 2017. Prepayment speeds are inversely related to the fair value of these loans as an increase in prepayment speeds results in a decreased valuation. Additionally, the weighted average credit loss rate used as an input to value the specific loans was 0.94% with credit loss rates ranging from 0%-3% at September 30, 2017.

Mortgage servicing rights ("MSRs")—Fair value for MSRs is determined utilizing a valuation model which calculates the fair value of each servicing rights based on the present value of estimated future cash flows. The Company uses a discount rate commensurate with the risk associated with each servicing rights, given current market conditions. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company classified $13.9$29.4 million of MSRs as Level 3. The weighted average discount rate used as an input to value the MSRs at September 30, 20162017 was 5.52%9.97% with discount rates applied ranging from 3%-7%9%-15%. The higher the rate utilized to discount estimated future cash flows, the lower the fair value measurement. Additionally,The fair value estimates includeof MSRs was also estimated based on other assumptions aboutincluding prepayment speeds which ranged from 2%-85% or a weighted average prepayment speed of 14.73%and the cost to service. Prepayment speeds used as an input to value the MSRs at September 30, 2016.2017 ranged from 0%-47% or a weighted average prepayment speed of 10.50%. Further, for current and delinquent loans, the Company assumed a weighted average cost of servicing of $69 and $634, respectively, per loan. Prepayment speeds and the cost to service are both inversely related to the fair value of MSRs as an increase in prepayment speeds or the cost to service results in a decreased valuation.

Derivative instruments—The Company’s derivative instruments include interest rate swaps and caps, commitments to fund mortgages for sale into the secondary market (interest rate locks), forward commitments to end investors for the sale of mortgage

loans and foreign currency contracts. Interest rate swaps and caps are valued by a third party, using models that primarily use market observable inputs, such as yield curves, and are corroborated by comparison with valuations provided by the respective counterparties. The credit risk associated with derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements is measured on a net basis by counterparty portfolio. The fair value for mortgage-related derivatives is based on changes in mortgage rates from the date of the commitments. The fair value of foreign currency derivatives is computed based on change in foreign currency rates stated in the contract compared to those prevailing at the measurement date.

At September 30, 2017, the Company classified $1.2 million of derivative assets related to interest rate locks as Level 3. The fair value of interest rate locks is based on prices obtained for loans with similar characteristics from third parties, adjusted for the pull-through rate, which represents the Company’s best estimate of the likelihood that a committed loan will ultimately fund. The weighted-average pull-through rate at September 30, 2017 was 88.85% with pull-through rates applied ranging from 38% to 100%. Pull-through rates are directly related to the fair value of interest rate locks as an increase in the pull-through rate results in an increased valuation

Nonqualified deferred compensation assets—The underlying assets relating to the nonqualified deferred compensation plan are included in a trust and primarily consist of non-exchange traded institutional funds which are priced based by an independent third party service.


The following tables present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods presented:
September 30, 2016September 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Available-for-sale securities              
U.S. Treasury$30,036
 $
 $30,036
 $
$144,145
 $
 $144,145
 $
U.S. Government agencies93,683
 
 93,683
 
159,328
 
 155,385
 3,943
Municipal109,281
 
 42,073
 67,208
116,016
 
 47,633
 68,383
Corporate notes65,203
 
 65,203
 
60,614
 
 60,614
 
Mortgage-backed1,301,111
 
 1,301,111
 
1,149,448
 
 1,149,448
 
Equity securities50,782
 
 50,782
 
36,352
 
 36,352
 
Trading account securities1,092
 
 1,092
 
643
 
 643
 
Mortgage loans held-for-sale559,634
 
 559,634
 
370,282
 
 370,282
 
Loans held-for-investment29,704
 
 
 29,704
MSRs13,901
 
 
 13,901
29,414
 
 
 29,414
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets9,218
 
 9,218
 
10,824
 
 10,824
 
Derivative assets88,828
 
 88,828
 
48,198
 
 46,982
 1,216
Total$2,322,769
 $
 $2,241,660
 $81,109
$2,154,968
 $
 $2,022,308
 $132,660
Derivative liabilities$87,948
 $
 $87,948
 $
$35,773
 $
 $35,773
 $
 
 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2016
(Dollars in thousands) Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Available-for-sale securities                
U.S. Treasury $306,729
 $
 $306,729
 $
 $141,983
 $
 $141,983
 $
U.S. Government agencies 70,236
 
 70,236
 
 189,152
 
 189,152
 
Municipal 108,595
 
 39,982
 68,613
 131,809
 
 52,183
 79,626
Corporate notes 81,545
 
 81,545
 
 65,391
 
 65,391
 
Mortgage-backed 1,092,597
 
 1,092,597
 
 1,161,084
 
 1,161,084
 
Equity securities 56,686
 
 31,487
 25,199
 35,248
 
 35,248
 
Trading account securities 448
 
 448
 
 1,989
 
 1,989
 
Mortgage loans held-for-sale 388,038
 
 388,038
 
 418,374
 
 418,374
 
Loans held-for-investment 22,137
 
 
 22,137
MSRs 9,092
 
 
 9,092
 19,103
 
 
 19,103
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets 8,517
 
 8,517
 
 9,228
 
 9,228
 
Derivative assets 51,298
 
 51,298
 
 56,394
 
 54,103
 2,291
Total $2,173,781
 $
 $2,070,877
 $102,904
 $2,251,892
 $
 $2,128,735
 $123,157
Derivative liabilities $45,019
 $
 $45,019
 $
 $39,839
 $
 $39,839
 $

September 30, 2015September 30, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Available-for-sale securities              
U.S. Treasury$285,922
 $
 $285,922
 $
$30,036
 $
 $30,036
 $
U.S. Government agencies645,023
 
 645,023
 
93,683
 
 93,683
 
Municipal297,342
 
 228,941
 68,401
109,281
 
 42,073
 67,208
Corporate notes116,945
 
 116,945
 
65,203
 
 65,203
 
Mortgage-backed815,045
 
 815,045
 
1,301,111
 
 1,301,111
 
Equity securities54,004
 
 29,488
 24,516
50,782
 
 50,782
 
Trading account securities3,312
 
 3,312
 
1,092
 
 1,092
 
Mortgage loans held-for-sale347,005
 
 347,005
 
559,634
 
 559,634
 
Loans held-for-investment17,603
 
 17,603
 
MSRs7,875
 
 
 7,875
13,901
 
 
 13,901
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets8,342
 
 8,342
 
9,218
 
 9,218
 
Derivative assets69,034
 
 69,034
 
88,828
 
 82,791
 6,037
Total$2,649,849
 $
 $2,549,057
 $100,792
$2,340,372
 $
 $2,253,226
 $87,146
Derivative liabilities$65,198
 $
 $65,198
 $
$87,948
 $
 $87,948
 $

The aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding as of September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 20152016 for mortgage loans held-for-sale measured at fair value under ASC 825 was $537.0$356.4 million, $372.0$414.4 million and $328.1$537.0 million, respectively, while the aggregate fair value of mortgage loans held-for-sale was $559.6$370.3 million, $388.0$418.4 million and $347.0$559.6 million, for the same respective periods, as shown in the above tables. There were no nonaccrual loans or loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing in the mortgage loans held-for-sale portfolio measured at fair value as of September 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015.2016.

The changes in Level 3 assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis during the three and nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 20152016 are summarized as follows:
  Equity securities 
Mortgage
servicing rights
  Equity securities U.S. Government Agencies Loans held-for- investment 
Mortgage
servicing rights
 Derivative Assets
(Dollars in thousands)Municipal Municipal 
Balance at July 1, 2016$69,812
 $25,187
 $13,382
Balance at July 1, 2017$77,341
 $
 $4,110
 $30,173
 $27,307
 $1,047
Total net gains (losses) included in:                
Net income (1)

 
 519

 
 
 177
 2,107
 169
Other comprehensive loss(241) 
��
(4,113) 
 (167) 
 
 
Purchases2,184
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Issuances
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Sales
 (25,187) 

 
 
 
 
 
Settlements(4,547) 
 
(4,845) 
 
 (4,504) 
 
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3

 
 

 
 
 3,858
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2016$67,208
 $
 $13,901
Balance at September 30, 2017$68,383
 $
 $3,943
 $29,704
 $29,414
 $1,216
 
   Equity securities 
Mortgage
servicing rights
(Dollars in thousands)Municipal  
Balance at January 1, 2016$68,613
 $25,199
 $9,092
Total net gains (losses) included in:     
Net income (1)

 
 4,809
Other comprehensive loss(141) (12) 
Purchases6,458
 
 
Issuances
 
 
Sales
 (25,187) 
Settlements(7,722) 
 
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3 

 
 
Balance at September 30, 2016$67,208
 $
 $13,901

   Equity securities 
Mortgage
servicing rights
(Dollars in thousands)Municipal  
Balance at July 1, 2015$58,572
 $24,996
 $8,034
Total net (losses) gains included in:     
Net income (1)

 
 (159)
Other comprehensive income (loss)223
 (480) 
Purchases10,405
 
 
Issuances
 
 
Sales
 
 
Settlements(799) 
 
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2015$68,401
 $24,516
 $7,875
(1)
Changes in the balance of MSRs are recorded as a component of mortgage banking revenue in non-interest income.

   Equity securities U.S. Government Agencies Loans held-for- investment 
Mortgage
servicing rights
 Derivative Assets
(Dollars in thousands)Municipal     
Balance at January 1, 2017$79,626
 $
 $
 $22,137
 $19,103
 $2,291
Total net gains (losses) included in:           
Net income (1)

 
 
 1,369
 10,311
 (1,075)
Other comprehensive loss(1,084) 
 (340) 
 
 
Purchases10,879
 
 
 
 
 
Issuances
 
 
 
 
 
Sales
 
 
 
 
 
Settlements(21,038) 
 
 (9,995) 
 
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3 

 
 4,283
 16,193
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2017$68,383
 $
 $3,943
 $29,704
 $29,414
 $1,216

  Equity securities 
Mortgage
servicing rights
  Equity securities U.S. Government Agencies Loans held-for- investment 
Mortgage
servicing rights
 Derivative Assets
(Dollars in thousands)Municipal Municipal  
Balance at January 1, 2015$58,953
 $23,711
 $8,435
Total net (losses) gains included in:     
Balance at July 1, 2016$69,812
 $25,187
 $
 $
 $13,382
 $9,731
Total net gains (losses) included in:           
Net income (1)

 
 (560)
 
 
 
 519
 (3,694)
Other comprehensive (loss) income(287) 805
 
Other comprehensive loss(241) 

 
 
 
 
Purchases21,254
 
 
2,184
 
 
 
 
 
Issuances
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Sales
 
 

 (25,187) 
 
 
 
Settlements(11,519) 
 
(4,547) 
 
 
 
 
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2015$68,401
 $24,516
 $7,875
Balance at September 30, 2016$67,208
 $
 $
 $
 $13,901
 $6,037

   Equity securities U.S. Government Agencies Loans held-for- investment 
Mortgage
servicing rights
 Derivative Assets
(Dollars in thousands)Municipal     
Balance at January 1, 2016$68,613
 $25,199
 $
 $
 $9,092
 $7,021
Total net gains (losses) included in:           
Net income (1)

 
 
 
 4,809
 (984)
Other comprehensive loss(141) (12) 
 
 
 
Purchases6,458
 
 
 
 
 
Issuances
 
 
 
 
 
Sales
 (25,187) 
 
 
 
Settlements(7,722) 
 
 
 
 
Net transfers into/(out of) Level 3
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at September 30, 2016$67,208
 $
 $
 $
 $13,901
 $6,037

(1)Changes in the balance of MSRs are recorded as a component of mortgage banking revenue in non-interest income.



Also, the Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain other financial assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from impairment charges on individual assets. For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis that were still held in the balance sheet at the end of the period, the following table provides the carrying value of the related individual assets or portfolios at September 30, 2016.2017.
September 30, 2016 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
Fair Value Losses Recognized, net
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Fair Value Losses Recognized, netSeptember 30, 2017 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
Fair Value Losses Recognized, net
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Fair Value Losses Recognized, net
(Dollars in thousands)Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 
Impaired loans—collateral based$64,614
 $
 $
 $64,614
 $4,635
 $10,865
$57,548
 $
 $
 $57,548
 $4,259
 $10,589
Other real estate owned, including covered other real estate owned (1)
45,449
 
 
 45,449
 1,237
 4,617
40,229
 
 
 40,229
 490
 1,760
Total$110,063
 $
 $
 $110,063
 $5,872
 $15,482
$97,777
 $
 $
 $97,777
 $4,749
 $12,349
(1)Fair value losses recognized, net on other real estate owned include valuation adjustments and charge-offs during the respective period.

Impaired loans—A loan is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due pursuant to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. A loan modified in a TDR is an impaired loan according to applicable accounting guidance. Impairment is measured by estimating the fair value of the loan based on the present value of expected cash flows, the market price of the loan, or the fair value of the underlying collateral. Impaired loans are considered a fair value measurement where an allowance is established based on the fair value of collateral. Appraised values, which may require adjustments to market-based valuation inputs, are generally used on real estate collateral-dependent impaired loans.

The Company’s Managed Assets Division is primarily responsible for the valuation of Level 3 inputs of impaired loans. For more information on the Managed Assets Division review of impaired loans refer to Note 7 – Allowance for Loan Losses, Allowance for Losses on Lending-Related Commitments and Impaired Loans. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had $90.5$78.6 million of impaired loans classified as Level 3. Of the $90.5$78.6 million of impaired loans, $64.6$57.5 million were measured at fair value based on the underlying collateral of the loan as shown in the table above. The remaining $25.9$21.1 million were valued based on discounted cash flows in accordance with ASC 310.

Other real estate owned (including covered other real estate owned)—Other real estate owned is comprised of real estate acquired in partial or full satisfaction of loans and is included in other assets. Other real estate owned is recorded at its estimated fair value less estimated selling costs at the date of transfer, with any excess of the related loan balance over the fair value less expected selling costs charged to the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent changes in value are reported as adjustments to the carrying amount and are recorded in other non-interest expense. Gains and losses upon sale, if any, are also charged to other non-interest expense. Fair value is generally based on third party appraisals and internal estimates that are adjusted by a discount representing the estimated cost of sale and is therefore considered a Level 3 valuation.

The Company’s Managed Assets Division is primarily responsible for the valuation of Level 3 inputs for non-covered other real estate owned and covered other real estate owned. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had $45.4$40.2 million of other real estate owned classified as Level 3. The unobservable input applied to other real estate owned relates to the 10% reduction to the appraisal

value representing the estimated cost of sale of the foreclosed property. A higher discount for the estimated cost of sale results in a decreased carrying value.
















The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used to measure both recurring and non-recurring Level 3 fair value measurements at September 30, 20162017 were as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)Fair Value Valuation Methodology Significant Unobservable Input 
Range
of Inputs
 
Weighted
Average
of Inputs
 
Impact to valuation
from an increased or
higher input value
Fair Value Valuation Methodology Significant Unobservable Input 
Range
of Inputs
 
Weighted
Average
of Inputs
 
Impact to valuation
from an increased or
higher input value
Measured at fair value on a recurring basis:    
Municipal Securities$67,208
 Bond pricing Equivalent rating BBB-AA+ N/A Increase$68,383
 Bond pricing Equivalent rating BBB-AA+ N/A Increase
U.S. Government agencies3,943
 Bond pricing Equivalent rating AAA AAA Increase
Loans held-for-investment29,704
 Discounted cash flows Discount rate 3%-4% 3.65% Decrease
  Credit loss rate 0%-3% 0.94% Decrease
  Constant prepayment rate (CPR) 9.62% 9.62% Decrease
MSRs13,901
 Discounted cash flows Discount rate 3%-7% 5.52% Decrease29,414
 Discounted cash flows Discount rate 9%-15% 9.97% Decrease
  Constant prepayment rate (CPR) 2%-85% 14.73% Decrease  Constant prepayment rate (CPR) 0%-47% 10.50% Decrease
  Cost of servicing $65-$200 $69 Decrease
  Cost of servicing - delinquent $200-$1,000 $634 Decrease
Derivatives1,216
 Discounted cash flows Pull-through rate 38%-100% 88.85% Increase
Measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis:    
Impaired loans—collateral based$64,614
 Appraisal value Appraisal adjustment - cost of sale 10% 10.00% Decrease$57,548
 Appraisal value Appraisal adjustment - cost of sale 10% 10.00% Decrease
Other real estate owned, including covered other real estate owned45,449
 Appraisal value Appraisal adjustment - cost of sale 10% 10.00% Decrease40,229
 Appraisal value Appraisal adjustment - cost of sale 10% 10.00% Decrease

The Company is required under applicable accounting guidance to report the fair value of all financial instruments on the consolidated statements of condition, including those financial instruments carried at cost. The table below presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments as of the dates shown:
At September 30, 2016 At December 31, 2015 At September 30, 2015At September 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At September 30, 2016
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair Carrying FairCarrying Fair Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
(Dollars in thousands)Value Value Value Value Value ValueValue Value Value Value Value Value
Financial Assets:                      
Cash and cash equivalents$246,947
 $246,947
 $275,795
 $275,795
 $250,655
 $250,655
$251,952
 $251,952
 $270,045
 $270,045
 $246,947
 $246,947
Interest bearing deposits with banks816,104
 816,104
 607,782
 607,782
 701,106
 701,106
1,218,728
 1,218,728
 980,457
 980,457
 816,104
 816,104
Available-for-sale securities1,650,096
 1,650,096
 1,716,388
 1,716,388
 2,214,281
 2,214,281
1,665,903
 1,665,903
 1,724,667
 1,724,667
 1,650,096
 1,650,096
Held-to-maturity securities932,767
 942,666
 884,826
 878,111
 
 
819,340
 807,036
 635,705
 607,602
 932,767
 942,666
Trading account securities1,092
 1,092
 448
 448
 3,312
 3,312
643
 643
 1,989
 1,989
 1,092
 1,092
FHLB and FRB stock, at cost129,630
 129,630
 101,581
 101,581
 90,308
 90,308
87,192
 87,192
 133,494
 133,494
 129,630
 129,630
Brokerage customer receivables25,511
 25,511
 27,631
 27,631
 28,293
 28,293
23,631
 23,631
 25,181
 25,181
 25,511
 25,511
Mortgage loans held-for-sale, at fair value559,634
 559,634
 388,038
 388,038
 347,005
 347,005
370,282
 370,282
 418,374
 418,374
 559,634
 559,634
Total loans19,197,201
 20,251,518
 17,266,790
 18,106,829
 16,484,820
 17,284,375
Loans held-for-investment, at fair value29,704
 29,704
 22,137
 22,137
 17,603
 17,603
Loans held-for-investment, at amortized cost20,929,678
 21,064,801
 19,739,180
 20,755,320
 19,179,598
 20,233,915
MSRs13,901
 13,901
 9,092
 9,092
 7,875
 7,875
29,414
 29,414
 19,103
 19,103
 13,901
 13,901
Nonqualified deferred compensation assets9,218
 9,218
 8,517
 8,517
 8,342
 8,342
10,824
 10,824
 9,228
 9,228
 9,218
 9,218
Derivative assets88,828
 88,828
 51,298
 51,298
 69,034
 69,034
48,198
 48,198
 56,394
 56,394
 88,828
 88,828
Accrued interest receivable and other205,725
 205,725
 193,092
 193,092
 192,572
 192,572
225,435
 225,435
 204,513
 204,513
 205,725
 205,725
Total financial assets$23,876,654
 $24,940,870
 $21,531,278
 $22,364,602
 $20,397,603
 $21,197,158
$25,710,924
 $25,833,743
 $24,240,467
 $25,228,504
 $23,876,654
 $24,940,870
Financial Liabilities                      
Non-maturity deposits$16,946,178
 $16,946,178
 $14,634,957
 $14,634,957
 $14,092,697
 $14,092,697
$18,228,388
 $18,228,388
 $17,383,729
 $17,383,729
 $16,946,178
 $16,946,178
Deposits with stated maturities4,201,477
 4,200,278
 4,004,677
 3,998,180
 4,135,772
 4,137,856
4,666,675
 4,608,760
 4,274,903
 4,263,576
 4,201,477
 4,200,278
FHLB advances419,632
 427,103
 853,431
 863,437
 451,330
 459,154
468,962
 454,753
 153,831
 157,051
 419,632
 427,103
Other borrowings241,366
 241,366
 265,785
 265,785
 259,978
 259,978
251,680
 251,680
 262,486
 262,486
 241,366
 241,366
Subordinated notes138,943
 138,715
 138,861
 140,302
 138,834
 142,953
139,052
 145,376
 138,971
 135,268
 138,943
 138,715
Junior subordinated debentures253,566
 254,108
 268,566
 268,046
 268,566
 268,058
253,566
 240,305
 253,566
 254,384
 253,566
 254,108
Derivative liabilities87,948
 87,948
 45,019
 45,019
 65,198
 65,198
35,773
 35,773
 39,839
 39,839
 87,948
 87,948
FDIC indemnification liability17,945
 17,945
 6,100
 6,100
 3,033
 3,033
15,472
 15,472
 16,701
 16,701
 17,945
 17,945
Accrued interest payable8,007
 8,007
 7,394
 7,394
 11,364
 11,364
9,177
 9,177
 6,421
 6,421
 8,007
 8,007
Total financial liabilities$22,315,062
 $22,321,648
 $20,224,790
 $20,229,220
 $19,426,772
 $19,440,291
$24,068,745
 $23,989,684
 $22,530,447
 $22,519,455
 $22,315,062
 $22,321,648

Not all the financial instruments listed in the table above are subject to the disclosure provisions of ASC Topic 820, as certain assets and liabilities result in their carrying value approximating fair value. These include cash and cash equivalents, interest bearing deposits with banks, brokerage customer receivables, FHLB and FRB stock, FDIC indemnification asset and liability, accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable and non-maturity deposits.

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating fair values of financial instruments that were not previously disclosed.

Held-to-maturity securities. Held-to-maturity securities include U.S. Government-sponsored agency securities and municipal bonds issued by various municipal government entities primarily located in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin. Fair values for held-to-maturity securities are typically based on prices obtained from independent pricing vendors. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized held-to-maturity securities as a Level 2 fair value measurement.

Loans.Loans held-for-investment, at amortized cost. Fair values are estimated for portfolios of loans with similar financial characteristics. Loans are analyzed by type such as commercial, residential real estate, etc. Each category is further segmented by interest rate type (fixed and variable) and term. For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently, estimated fair values are based on carrying values. The fair value of residential loans is based on secondary market sources for securities backed by similar loans, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics. The fair value for other fixed rate loans is estimated by discounting scheduled cash flows

through the estimated maturity using estimated market discount rates that reflect credit and interest rate risks inherent in the loan. The primary impact of credit risk on the present value of the loan portfolio, however, was assessed through the use of the allowance for loan losses, which is believed to represent

the current fair value of probable incurred losses for purposes of the fair value calculation. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized loans as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

Deposits with stated maturities. The fair value of certificates of deposit is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using the rates currently in effect for deposits of similar remaining maturities. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized deposits with stated maturities as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

FHLB advances. The fair value of FHLB advances is obtained from the FHLB which uses a discounted cash flow analysis based on current market rates of similar maturity debt securities to discount cash flows. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized FHLB advances as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

Subordinated notes. The fair value of the subordinated notes is based on a market price obtained from an independent pricing vendor. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized subordinated notes as a Level 2 fair value measurement.

Junior subordinated debentures. The fair value of the junior subordinated debentures is based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. In accordance with ASC 820, the Company has categorized junior subordinated debentures as a Level 3 fair value measurement.

(15) Stock-Based Compensation Plans

In May 2015, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (“the 2015 Plan”) which provides for the issuance of up to 5,485,000 shares of common stock. The 2015 Plan replaced the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (“the 2007 Plan”) which replaced the 1997 Stock Incentive Plan (“the 1997 Plan”). The 2015 Plan, the 2007 Plan and the 1997 Plan are collectively referred to as “the Plans.” The 2015 Plan has substantially similar terms to the 2007 Plan and the 1997 Plan. Outstanding awards under the Plans for which common shares are not issued by reason of cancellation, forfeiture, lapse of such award or settlement of such award in cash, are again available under the 2015 Plan. All grants made after the approval of the 2015 Plan will beare made pursuant to the 2015 Plan. As of September 30, 2017, approximately 4.0 million shares were available for future grants assuming the maximum number of shares are issued for the performance awards outstanding. The Plans cover substantially all employees of Wintrust. The Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors administers all stock-based compensation programs and authorizes all awards granted pursuant to the Plans.

The Plans permit the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, stock awards, restricted share or unit awards, performance awards and other incentive awards valued in whole or in part by reference to the Company’s common stock, all on a stand alone, combination or tandem basis. The Company historically awarded stock-based compensation in the form of time-vested non-qualified stock options and time-vested restricted share unit awards (“restricted shares”). The grants of options provide for the purchase of shares of the Company’s common stock at the fair market value of the stock on the date the options are granted. Stock options under the 2015 Plan and the 2007 Plan generally vest ratably over periods of three to five years and have a maximum term of seven years from the date of grant. Stock options granted under the 1997 Plan provided for a maximum term of 10 years. Restricted shares entitle the holders to receive, at no cost, shares of the Company’s common stock. Restricted shares generally vest over periods of one to five years from the date of grant.

Beginning in 2011, the Company has awarded annual grants under the Long-Term Incentive Program (“LTIP”), which is administered under the Plans. The LTIP is designed in part to align the interests of management with the interests of shareholders, foster retention, create a long-term focus based on sustainable results and provide participants with a target long-term incentive opportunity. It is anticipated that LTIP awards will continue to be granted annually. LTIP grants to date have consistedgenerally consist of a combination of time-vested non-qualified stock options, and performance-based stock awards and performance-based cash awards. Performance-based stock and cash awards granted under the LTIP are contingent upon the achievement of pre-established long-term performance goals set in advance by the Compensation Committee over a three-year period starting at the beginning of each calendar year. These performance awards are granted at a target level, and based on the Company’s achievement of the pre-established long-term goals, the actual payouts can range from 0% to a maximum of 150% (for awards granted in 2015 and 2016)after 2014) or 200% (for awards granted prior to 2015) of the target award. The awards vest in the quarter after the end of the performance period upon certification of the payout by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Holders of performance-based stock awards are entitled to receive, at no cost, the shares earned based on the achievement of the pre-established long-term goals.

Holders of restricted share awards and performance-based stock awards received under the Plans are not entitled to vote or receive cash dividends (or cash payments equal to the cash dividends) on the underlying common shares until the awards are vested and issued. Shares that are vested but not issuable pursuant to deferred compensation arrangements accrue additional shares based on

the value of dividends otherwise paid. Except in limited circumstances, these awards are canceled upon termination of employment without any payment of consideration by the Company. Shares that are vested but not issuable pursuant to deferred compensation arrangements accrue additional shares based on the value of dividends otherwise paid.


Stock-based compensation is measured as the fair value of an award on the date of grant, and the measured cost is recognized over the period which the recipient is required to provide service in exchange for the award. The fair values of restricted share and performance-based stock awards are determined based on the average of the high and low trading prices on the grant date, and the fair value of stock options is estimated using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model that utilizes the assumptions outlined in the following table. Option-pricing models require the input of highly subjective assumptions and are sensitive to changes in the option's expected life and the price volatility of the underlying stock, which can materially affect the fair value estimate. Options granted since the inception of the LTIP in 2011 were primarily granted as LTIP awards. Expected life of options granted since the inception of the LTIP awards has been based on the safe harbor rule of the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 “Share-Based Payment” as the Company believes historical exercise data may not provide a reasonable basis to estimate the expected term of these options. Expected stock price volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company's common stock, which correlates with the expected life of the options, and the risk-free interest rate is based on comparable U.S. Treasury rates. Management reviews and adjusts the assumptions used to calculate the fair value of an option on a periodic basis to better reflect expected trends.
The following table presents the weighted average assumptions used to determine the fair value of options granted in the nine month periods endingperiod ended September 30, 2016 and 2015.2016. No options were granted in the nine month period ended September 30, 2017.
 Nine Months Ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2016 2015
Expected dividend yield0.9% 0.9%
Expected volatility25.2% 26.5%
Risk-free rate1.3% 1.3%
Expected option life (in years)4.5
 4.5
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2016
Expected dividend yield0.9%
Expected volatility25.2%
Risk-free rate1.3%
Expected option life (in years)4.5

Stock based compensation is recognized based upon the number of awards that are ultimately expected to vest, taking into account expected forfeitures. In addition, for performance-based awards, an estimate is made of the number of shares expected to vest as a result of actual performance against the performance criteria in the award to determine the amount of compensation expense to recognize. The estimate is reevaluated periodically and total compensation expense is adjusted for any change in estimate in the current period. Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income was $2.4 million in the third quarter of 2017 and $2.0 million in the third quarter of 2016, and $2.5$8.2 million in the third quarter of 2015, and $6.8 million and $7.8 million for the 2017 and 2016 year-to-date periods, respectively.

A summary of the Company's stock option activity for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 20152016 is presented below:
Stock Options
Common
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Strike Price
 
Remaining
Contractual
Term (1)
 
Intrinsic
Value (2)
($000)
Common
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Strike Price
 
Remaining
Contractual
Term (1)
 
Intrinsic
Value (2)
($000)
Outstanding at January 1, 20161,551,734
 $41.32
    
Outstanding at January 1, 20171,698,912
 $41.50
    
Granted562,166
 41.04
  
 
  
Exercised(184,366) 37.43
  (499,222) 40.57
  
Forfeited or canceled(86,039) 48.93
    (16,378) 43.07
    
Outstanding at September 30, 20161,843,495
 $41.27
 4.8 $26,363
Exercisable at September 30, 2016813,666
 $39.27
 3.5 $13,265
Outstanding at September 30, 20171,183,312
 $41.87
 4.2 $43,122
Exercisable at September 30, 2017640,759
 $41.58
 3.5 $23,532
(1)Represents the remaining weighted average contractual life in years.
(2)Aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (i.e., the difference between the Company's stock price on the last trading day of the quarter and the option exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares) that would have been received by the option holders if they had exercised their options on the last day of the quarter. Options with exercise prices above the stock price on the last trading day of the quarter are excluded from the calculation of intrinsic value. The intrinsic value will change based on the fair market value of the Company's stock.





Stock Options
Common
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Strike Price
 
Remaining
Contractual
Term (1)
 
Intrinsic
Value (2)
($000)
Common
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Strike Price
 
Remaining
Contractual
Term (1)
 
Intrinsic
Value (2)
($000)
Outstanding at January 1, 20151,618,426
 $43.00
    
Conversion of options of acquired company16,364
 21.18
  
Outstanding at January 1, 20161,551,734
 $41.32
    
Granted502,517
 44.36
  562,166
 41.04
  
Exercised(258,836) 43.14
  (184,366) 37.43
  
Forfeited or canceled(277,150) 53.64
    (86,039) 48.93
    
Outstanding at September 30, 20151,601,321
 $41.34
 4.7 $19,738
Exercisable at September 30, 2015715,101
 $37.52
 3.2 $11,376
Outstanding at September 30, 20161,843,495
 $41.27
 4.8 $26,363
Exercisable at September 30, 2016813,666
 $39.27
 3.5 $13,265
(1)Represents the remaining weighted average contractual life in years.
(2)Aggregate intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (i.e., the difference between the Company's stock price on the last trading day of the quarter and the option exercise price, multiplied by the number of shares) that would have been received by the option holders if they had exercised their options on the last day of the quarter. Options with exercise prices above the stock price on the last trading day of the quarter are excluded from the calculation of intrinsic value. The intrinsic value will change based on the fair market value of the Company's stock.

The weighted average grant date fair value per share of options granted during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2015 was $8.61 and $9.72, respectively.$8.61. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, was $16.3 million and 2015, was $2.7 million, respectively. Cash received from option exercises under the Plan for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and $2.3September 30, 2016 were $20.3 million and $6.9 million, respectively.

A summary of the Plans' restricted share activity for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 20152016 is presented below:
Nine months ended September 30, 2016 Nine months ended September 30, 2015Nine months ended September 30, 2017 Nine months ended September 30, 2016
Restricted Shares
Common
Shares

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

Common
Shares

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Common
Shares

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value

Common
Shares

Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1137,593
 $49.63
 146,112
 $47.45
133,425
 $49.94
 137,593
 $49.63
Granted15,764
 44.72
 15,657
 45.81
14,249
 72.53
 15,764
 44.72
Vested and issued(10,041) 43.78
 (20,409) 39.07
(10,695) 46.03
 (10,041) 43.78
Forfeited or canceled(598) 44.26
 (2,400) 36.81
(2,551) 52.26
 (598) 44.26
Outstanding at September 30142,718
 $49.52
 138,960
 $48.68
134,428
 $52.60
 142,718
 $49.52
Vested, but not issuable at September 3088,889
 $51.44
 85,000
 $51.88
89,563
 $51.59
 88,889
 $51.44

A summary of the Plans' performance-based stock award activity, based on the target level of the awards, for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 20152016 is presented below:
Nine months ended September 30, 2016 Nine months ended September 30, 2015Nine months ended September 30, 2017 Nine months ended September 30, 2016
Performance-based StockCommon
Shares
 Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 Common
Shares
 Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Common
Shares
 Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 Common
Shares
 Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Outstanding at January 1276,533
 $43.01
 295,679
 $38.18
298,180
 $43.64
 276,533
 $43.01
Granted118,072
 41.02
 106,017
 44.35
145,829
 72.60
 118,072
 41.02
Vested and issued(78,410) 37.90
 (78,590) 31.10
(68,712) 46.85
 (78,410) 37.90
Forfeited(13,229) 41.12
 (33,854) 32.74
(14,164) 52.81
 (13,229) 41.12
Outstanding at September 30302,966
 $43.64
 289,252
 $43.00
361,133
 $54.36
 302,966
 $43.64
Vested, but deferred at September 306,660
 $37.93
 
 $
13,616
 $42.66
 6,660
 $37.93

The Company issues new shares to satisfy its obligation to issue shares granted pursuant to the Plans.


(16) Shareholders’ Equity and Earnings Per Share

Common Stock Offering

In June 2016, the Company issued through a public offering a total of 3,000,000 shares of its common stock. Net proceeds to the Company totaled approximately $152.8$152.9 million.

Series D Preferred Stock

In June 2015, the Company issued and sold 5,000,000 shares of fixed-to-floating non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series D, liquidation preference $25 per share (the “Series D Preferred Stock”) for $125.0 million in a public offering. When, as and if declared, dividends on the Series D Preferred Stock are payable quarterly in arrears at a fixed rate of 6.50% per annum from the original issuance date to, but excluding, July 15, 2025, and from (and including) that date at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus a spread of 4.06% per annum.

Series C Preferred Stock

In March 2012, the Company issued and sold 126,500 shares of non-cumulative perpetual convertible preferred stock, Series C, liquidation preference $1,000 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) for $126.5 million in a public offering. When, as and if declared, dividends on the Series C Preferred Stock arewere payable quarterly in arrears at a rate of 5.00% per annum. The Series C Preferred Stock iswas convertible into common stock at the option of the holder at a current conversion rate of 24.5569 shares of common stock per share of Series C Preferred Stock subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments. InAdditionally, on and after April 15, 2017, the first nine monthsCompany had the right under certain circumstances to cause the Series C Preferred Stock to be converted into common stock if the closing price of the Company’s common stock exceeded a certain amount. In 2016, pursuant to such terms, 30 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock were converted at the option of the respective holders into 729 shares of the Company's common stock. In 2015, pursuant to such terms, 180On April 25, 2017, 2,073 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock were converted at the option of the respective holdersholder into 4,37451,244 shares of the Company's common stock. On and after April 15, 2017,stock, pursuant to the Company will have the right under certain circumstances to causeterms of the Series C Preferred Stock. On April 27, 2017, the Company caused a mandatory conversion of its remaining 124,184 shares of Series C Preferred Stock to be converted into 3,069,828 shares of the Company's common stock if the closing priceat a conversion rate of the Company’s24.72 shares of common stock exceeds a certain amount.per share of Series C Preferred Stock. Cash was paid in lieu of fractional shares for an amount considered insignificant.

Common Stock Warrant

Pursuant to the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s (the “U.S. Treasury”) Capital Purchase Program, on December 19, 2008, the Company issued to the U.S. Treasury a warrant to exercise 1,643,295 warrant shares of Wintrust common stock at a per share exercise price of $22.82, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, and with a term of 10 years. The exercise price, subject to customary anti-dilution, was $22.66 at September 30, 2017. In February 2011, the U.S. Treasury sold all of its interest in the warrant issued to it in a secondary underwritten public offering. During the first nine months of 2016, 1,6032017 294,993 warrant shares were exercised, which resulted in 944202,325 shares of common stock issued. At September 30, 2016,2017, all remaining holders of the interest in the warrant were able to exercise 365,82946,859 warrant shares.

Other

In July 2015, the Company issued 388,573 shares of its common stock in the acquisition of CFIS. In January 2015, the Company issued 422,122 shares of its common stock in the acquisition of Delavan.

At the January 20162017 Board of Directors meeting, a quarterly cash dividend of $0.12$0.14 per share ($0.480.56 on an annualized basis) was declared. It was paid on February 25, 201623, 2017 to shareholders of record as of February 11, 2016.9, 2017. At the April 20162017 Board of Directors meeting, a quarterly cash dividend of $0.12$0.14 per share ($0.480.56 on an annualized basis) was declared. It was paid on May 26, 201625, 2017 to shareholders of record as of May 12, 2016.11, 2017. At the July 20162017 Board of Directors meeting, a quarterly cash dividend of $0.12$0.14 per share ($0.480.56 on an annualized basis) was declared. It was paid on August 25, 201624, 2017 to shareholders of record as of August 11, 2016.10, 2017.



Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables summarize the components of other comprehensive income (loss), including the related income tax effects, and the related amount reclassified to net income for the periods presented (in thousands).
Accumulated
Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Securities
 
Accumulated
Unrealized
Losses on
Derivative
Instruments
 
Accumulated
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Total
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Balance at July 1, 2017$(15,022) $4,959
 $(36,474) $(46,537)
Other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications653
 228
 4,206
 5,087
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income, net of tax(24) 8
 
 (16)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax(20) 
 
 (20)
Net other comprehensive income during the period, net of tax$609
 $236
 $4,206
 $5,051
Balance at September 30, 2017$(14,413) $5,195
 $(32,268) $(41,486)
       
Balance at January 1, 2017$(29,309) $4,165
 $(40,184) $(65,328)
Other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications15,815
 393
 7,916
 24,124
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income, net of tax(19) 637
 
 618
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax$(900) $
 $
 $(900)
Net other comprehensive income during the period, net of tax$14,896
 $1,030
 $7,916
 $23,842
Balance at September 30, 2017$(14,413) $5,195
 $(32,268) $(41,486)
Accumulated
Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Securities
 
Accumulated
Unrealized
Losses on
Derivative
Instruments
 
Accumulated
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Total
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
       
Balance at July 1, 2016$3,971
 $(2,220) $(36,191) $(34,440)$3,971
 $(2,220) $(36,191) $(34,440)
Other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications1,532
 1,037
 (1,644) 925
1,532
 1,037
 (1,644) 925
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income, net of tax(2,005) 646
 
 (1,359)(2,005) 646
 
 (1,359)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax2,295
 
 
 2,295
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax2,295
 
 
 2,295
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax$1,822
 $1,683
 $(1,644) $1,861
$1,822
 $1,683
 $(1,644) $1,861
Balance at September 30, 2016$5,793
 $(537) $(37,835) $(32,579)$5,793
 $(537) $(37,835) $(32,579)
              
Balance at January 1, 2016$(17,674) $(2,193) $(42,841) $(62,708)$(17,674) $(2,193) $(42,841) $(62,708)
Other comprehensive income during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications20,444
 66
 5,006
 25,516
20,444
 66
 5,006
 25,516
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income, net of tax(3,684) 1,590
 
 (2,094)(3,684) 1,590
 
 (2,094)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax$6,707
 $
 $
 $6,707
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax6,707
 
 
 6,707
Net other comprehensive income during the period, net of tax$23,467
 $1,656
 $5,006
 $30,129
$23,467
 $1,656
 $5,006
 $30,129
Balance at September 30, 2016$5,793
 $(537) $(37,835) $(32,579)$5,793
 $(537) $(37,835) $(32,579)
       
Balance at July 1, 2015$(26,333) $(2,727) $(32,811) $(61,871)
Other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications18,995
 (287) (6,337) 12,371
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income into net income, net of tax60
 347
 
 407
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax
 
 
 
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax$19,055
 $60
 $(6,337) $12,778
Balance at September 30, 2015$(7,278) $(2,667) $(39,148) $(49,093)
       
       
       
       
       
       


 
Accumulated
Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
on Securities
 
Accumulated
Unrealized
Losses on
Derivative
Instruments
 
Accumulated
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Total
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Balance at January 1, 2015$(9,533) $(2,517) $(25,282) $(37,332)
Other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax, before reclassifications2,499
 (1,027) (13,866) (12,394)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into net income, net of tax(244) 877
 
 633
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss related to amortization of unrealized losses on investment securities transferred to held-to-maturity from available-for-sale, net of tax
 
 
 
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during the period, net of tax$2,255
 $(150) $(13,866) $(11,761)
Balance at September 30, 2015$(7,278) $(2,667) $(39,148) $(49,093)

 Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income for the  Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income for the 
Details Regarding the Component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended Impacted Line on the Consolidated Statements of Income Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended Impacted Line on the Consolidated Statements of Income
September 30, September 30,  September 30, September 30, 
2016 2015 2016 2015  2017 2016 2017 2016 
Accumulated unrealized losses on securities                  
Gains (losses) included in net income $3,305
 $(98) $6,070
 $402
 Gains (losses) on investment securities, net
Gains included in net income $39
 $3,305
 $31
 $6,070
 Gains on investment securities, net
 3,305
 (98) 6,070
 402
 Income before taxes 39
 3,305
 31
 6,070
 Income before taxes
Tax effect $(1,300) $38
 $(2,386) $(158) Income tax expense $(15) $(1,300) $(12) $(2,386) Income tax expense
Net of tax $2,005
 $(60) $3,684
 $244
 Net income $24
 $2,005
 $19
 $3,684
 Net income
                  
Accumulated unrealized losses on derivative instruments                  
Amount reclassified to interest expense on deposits $528
 $92
 $1,121
 $92
 Interest on deposits $(380) $528
 $(15) $1,121
 Interest on deposits
Amount reclassified to interest expense on junior subordinated debentures 537
 479
 $1,499
 $1,350
 Interest on junior subordinated debentures 394
 537
 $1,066
 $1,499
 Interest on junior subordinated debentures
 (1,065) (571) (2,620) (1,442) Income before taxes (14) (1,065) (1,051) (2,620) Income before taxes
Tax effect $419
 $224
 $1,030
 $565
 Income tax expense $6
 $419
 $414
 $1,030
 Income tax expense
Net of tax $(646) $(347) $(1,590) $(877) Net income $(8) $(646) $(637) $(1,590) Net income

Earnings per Share

The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods indicated:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data) September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Net income $53,115
 $38,355
 $152,267
 $121,238
 $65,626
 $53,115
 $188,901
 $152,267
Less: Preferred stock dividends and discount accretion 3,628
 4,079
 10,884
 7,240
Less: Preferred stock dividends 2,050
 3,628
 7,728
 10,884
Net income applicable to common shares—Basic(A) 49,487
 34,276
 141,383
 113,998
(A) 63,576
 49,487
 181,173
 141,383
Add: Dividends on convertible preferred stock, if dilutive 1,578
 1,579
 4,735
 4,740
 
 1,578
 1,578
 4,735
Net income applicable to common shares—Diluted(B) 51,065
 35,855
 146,118
 118,738
(B) 63,576
 51,065
 182,751
 146,118
Weighted average common shares outstanding(C) 51,679
 48,158
 49,763
 47,658
(C) 55,796
 51,679
 54,292
 49,763
Effect of dilutive potential common shares                
Common stock equivalents 938
 978
 822
 1,070
 966
 938
 988
 822
Convertible preferred stock, if dilutive 3,109
 3,071
 3,109
 3,071
 
 3,109
 1,317
 3,109
Total dilutive potential common shares 4,047
 4,049
 3,931
 4,141
 966
 4,047
 2,305
 3,931
Weighted average common shares and effect of dilutive potential common shares(D) 55,726
 52,207
 53,694
 51,799
(D) 56,762
 55,726
 56,597
 53,694
Net income per common share:                
Basic(A/C) $0.96
 $0.71
 $2.84
 $2.39
(A/C) $1.14
 $0.96
 $3.34
 $2.84
Diluted(B/D) $0.92
 $0.69
 $2.72
 $2.29
(B/D) $1.12
 $0.92
 $3.23
 $2.72

Potentially dilutive common shares can result from stock options, restricted stock unit awards, stock warrants, the Company’s convertible preferred stock and shares to be issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan and the Directors Deferred Fee and Stock Plan, being treated as if they had been either exercised or issued, computed by application of the treasury stock method. While potentially dilutive common shares are typically included in the computation of diluted earnings per share, potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from this computation in periods in which the effect would reduce the loss per share or increase the income per share. For diluted earnings per share, net income applicable to common shares can be affected by the conversion of the Company’s convertible preferred stock. Where the effect of this conversion would reduce the loss per share or increase the income per share for a period, net income applicable to common shares is not adjusted by the associated preferred dividends.

(17) Subsequent Events

On October 16, 2017, the Company entered in agreements with the FDIC that terminate all existing loss share agreements with the FDIC. The remaining loss share agreements were related to the Company’s acquisition of assets and assumption of liabilities of eight failed banks through FDIC assisted transactions in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Under terms of the agreements, the Company made a net payment of $15.2 million to the FDIC as consideration for the early termination of the loss share agreements. The Company recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $0.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 to write off the remaining loss share asset, relieve the claw-back liability and recognize the payment to the FDIC.

ITEM 2
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of financial condition as of September 30, 20162017 compared with December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 2015,2016, and the results of operations for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,September 30, 2016, should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes contained in this report and the risk factors discussed herein and under Item 1A of the Company’s 20152016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties and, as such, future results could differ significantly from management’s current expectations. See the last section of this discussion for further information on forward-looking statements.

Introduction

Wintrust is a financial holding company that provides traditional community banking services, primarily in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin, and operates other financing businesses on a national basis and in Canada through several non-bank subsidiaries. Additionally, Wintrust offers a full array of wealth management services primarily to customers in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin.

Overview

Third Quarter Highlights

The Company recorded net income of $53.1$65.6 million for the third quarter of 20162017 compared to $38.4$53.1 million in the third quarter of 2015.2016. The results for the third quarter of 20162017 demonstrate continued momentum on our operating strengths including strong loan and deposit growth drivingand stable credit quality metrics, partially offset by a reduction in mortgage banking revenue due to lower origination volumes and a $2.2 million negative fair value adjustment related to MSRs. Combined with the noted continued loan growth, the improvement in net interest margin during the third quarter of 2017 resulted in higher net interest income higher mortgage banking and wealth management revenue, increased fees from covered call options and improving credit quality metrics.in the current period.

The Company increased its loan portfolio, excluding covered loans and mortgage loans held-for-sale, from $16.3 billion at September 30, 2015 and $17.1 billion at December 31, 2015 to $19.1 billion at September 30, 2016.2016 and $19.7 billion at December 31, 2016 to $20.9 billion at September 30, 2017. The increase in the current quarter compared to the prior quarters was primarily a result of the Company’s commercial banking initiative, growth in the commercial, commercial real estate and life insurance premium finance receivables portfolios and the acquisition of Generations and performing loans and relationships acquired from an affiliate of GE Capital Franchise Finance.portfolios. The Company is focused on making new loans, including in the commercial and commercial real estate sector, where opportunities that meet our underwriting standards exist. For more information regarding changes in the Company’s loan portfolio, see “Financial Condition – Interest Earning Assets” and Note 6 “Loans” of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report.

The Company recorded net interest income of $216.0 million in the third quarter of 2017 compared to $184.6 million in the third quarter of 2016. The higher level of net interest income recorded in the third quarter of 2017 compared to the third quarter of 2016 resulted primarily from a $2.1 billion increase in average loans, excluding covered loans, and a substantial improvement in the net interest margin. This was partially offset by an increase in the average balance and cost of interest-bearing liabilities (see "Net Interest Income" for further detail).

Non-interest income totaled $79.7 million in the third quarter of 2017 compared to $86.6 million in the third quarter of 2016. Decreases in mortgage banking revenue, lower fees from covered call options, lower fees from interest rate swaps and lower gains realized on sales of investment securities were partially offset by increased wealth management revenue, higher operating lease income and an increase in service charges on deposits (see “Non-Interest Income” for further detail).

Non-interest expense totaled $183.6 million in the third quarter of 2017, increasing $7.0 million, or 4%, compared to the third quarter of 2016. The increase compared to the third quarter of 2016 was primarily attributable to higher salary and employee benefit costs caused by the addition of employees from acquisitions, and higher staffing levels as the Company grows, increased operating lease equipment depreciation, higher professional fees and an increase in advertising and marketing expenses (see “Non-Interest Expense” for further detail).

Management considers the maintenance of adequate liquidity to be important to the management of risk. During the third quarter of 2016,2017, the Company continued its practice of maintaining appropriate funding capacity to provide the Company with adequate liquidity for its ongoing operations. In this regard, the Company benefited from its strong deposit base, a liquid short-term investment portfolio and its access to funding from a variety of external funding sources. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had approximately $1.1$1.5 billion in overnight liquid funds and interest-bearing deposits with banks.

The Company recorded net interest income of $184.6 million in the third quarter of 2016 compared to $165.5 million in the third quarter of 2015. The higher level of net interest income recorded in the third quarter of 2016 compared to the third quarter of 2015 resulted primarily from a $2.6 billion increase in average loans, excluding covered loans. The increase in average loans, excluding covered loans, was partially offset by a eight basis point decline in the yield on earning assets, on a fully tax-equivalent basis and a four basis point increase in the rate on interest bearing liabilities (see "Net Interest Income" for further detail).

Non-interest income totaled $86.6 million in the third quarter of 2016, an increase of $21.7 million, or 33%, compared to the third quarter of 2015. The increase in the third quarter of 2016 compared to the third quarter of 2015 was primarily attributable to higher mortgage banking and wealth management revenue, higher gains on sales of investment securities, increased operating lease income, an increase in service charges on deposits and fees from covered call options and higher BOLI income (see “Non-Interest Income” for further detail).

Non-interest expense totaled $176.6 million in the third quarter of 2016, increasing $16.6 million, or 10%, compared to the third quarter of 2015. The increase compared to the third quarter of 2015 was primarily attributable to higher salary and employee benefit costs caused by the addition of employees from the various acquisitions, and higher staffing levels as the Company grows, increased equipment expense, including operating lease equipment depreciation, higher OREO expenses and professional fees(see “Non-Interest Expense” for further detail).

Announced Acquisitions

On July 6, 2016, the Company announced the signing of a definitive agreement to acquire First Community Financial Corporation ("FCFC"). FCFC is the parent company of First Community Bank, an Illinois state-chartered bank, which operates two banking locations in Elgin, Illinois. As of September 30, 2016, First Community Bank had approximately $172 million in assets, approximately $81 million in loans and approximately $147 million in deposits.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Earnings Summary

The Company’s key operating measures and growth rates for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016,2017, as compared to the same periodperiods last year, are shown below:
 Three months ended  
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 Percentage (%) or
Basis Point (bp) Change
Net income$53,115
 $38,355
 38%
Net income per common share—Diluted0.92
 0.69
 33
Net revenue (1)
271,240
 230,493
 18
Net interest income184,636
 165,540
 12
Net interest margin3.21% 3.31% (10) bp
Net interest margin - fully taxable equivalent (non-GAAP) (2)
3.24% 3.33% (9) bp
Net overhead ratio (3)
1.44% 1.74% (30) bp
Return on average assets0.85
 0.70
 15
Return on average common equity8.20
 6.60
 160
Return on average tangible common equity (2)
10.55
 8.88
 167
 Nine months ended  
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 Percentage (%) or
Basis Point (bp) Change
Net income$152,267
 $121,238
 26%
Net income per common share—Diluted2.72
 2.29
 19
Net revenue (1)
771,570
 680,830
 13
Net interest income531,415
 474,323
 12
Net interest margin3.25% 3.36% (11) bp
Net interest margin - fully taxable equivalent (non-GAAP) (2)
3.27% 3.39% (12) bp
Net overhead ratio (3)
1.46
 1.66
 (20) bp
Return on average assets0.85
 0.79
 6
Return on average common equity8.39
 7.53
 86
Return on average tangible common equity (2)
10.98
 9.90
 108
At end of period     
Total assets$25,321,759
 $22,035,216
 15%
Total loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, excluding covered loans19,101,261
 16,316,211
 17
Total loans, including loans held-for-sale, excluding covered loans19,660,895
 16,663,216
 18
Total deposits21,147,655
 18,228,469
 16
Total shareholders’ equity2,674,474
 2,335,736
 15
Book value per common share (2)
$46.86
 $43.12
 9
Tangible common book value per share (2)
37.06
 32.83
 13
Market price per common share55.57
 53.43
 4
Excluding covered loans:     
Allowance for credit losses to total loans (4)
0.62% 0.64% (2) bp
Non-performing loans to total loans0.44% 0.53% (9)
 Three months ended  
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 Percentage (%) or
Basis Point (bp) Change
Net income$65,626
 $53,115
 24%
Net income per common share—Diluted1.12
 0.92
 22
Net revenue (1)
295,719
 271,240
 9
Net interest income215,988
 184,636
 17
Net interest margin3.43% 3.21% 22 bp
Net interest margin - fully taxable equivalent (non-GAAP) (2)
3.46
 3.24
 22
Net overhead ratio (3)
1.53
 1.44
 9
Return on average assets0.96
 0.85
 11
Return on average common equity9.15
 8.20
 95
Return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP) (2)
11.39
 10.55
 84

 Nine months ended  
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 Percentage (%) or
Basis Point (bp) Change
Net income$188,901
 $152,267
 24%
Net income per common share—Diluted3.23
 2.72
 19
Net revenue (1)
851,445
 771,570
 10
Net interest income612,977
 531,415
 15
Net interest margin3.40% 3.25% 15 bp
Net interest margin - fully taxable equivalent (non-GAAP) (2)
3.43
 3.27
 16
Net overhead ratio (3)
1.52
 1.46
 6
Return on average assets0.97
 0.85
 12
Return on average common equity9.21
 8.39
 82
Return on average tangible common equity (non-GAAP) (2)
11.62
 10.98
 64
At end of period     
Total assets$27,358,162
 $25,321,759
 8%
Total loans, excluding loans held-for-sale, excluding covered loans20,912,781
 19,101,261
 9
Total loans, including loans held-for-sale, excluding covered loans21,283,063
 19,660,895
 8
Total deposits22,895,063
 21,147,655
 8
Total shareholders’ equity2,908,925
 2,674,474
 9
Book value per common share (2)
49.86
 46.86
 6
Tangible common book value per share (2)
40.53
 37.06
 9
Market price per common share78.31
 55.57
 41
Excluding covered loans:     
Allowance for credit losses to total loans (4)
0.64% 0.62% 2 bp
Non-performing loans to total loans0.37
 0.44
 (7)
(1)Net revenue is net interest income plus non-interest income.
(2)See following section titled, “Supplementary Financial Measures/Ratios” for additional information on this performance measure/ratio.
(3)The net overhead ratio is calculated by netting total non-interest expense and total non-interest income, annualizing this amount, and dividing by that period’s total average assets. A lower ratio indicates a higher degree of efficiency.
(4)The allowance for credit losses includes both the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for lending-related commitments.

Certain returns, yields, performance ratios, and quarterly growth rates are “annualized” in this presentation and throughout this report to represent an annual time period. This is done for analytical purposes to better discern for decision-making purposes

underlying performance trends when compared to full-year or year-over-year amounts. For example, balance sheet growth rates are most often expressed in terms of an annual rate. As such, 5% growth during a quarter would represent an annualized growth rate of 20%.


SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL MEASURES/RATIOS

The accounting and reporting policies of Wintrust conform to generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) in the United States and prevailing practices in the banking industry. However, certain non-GAAP performance measures and ratios are used by management to evaluate and measure the Company’s performance. These include taxable-equivalent net interest income (including its individual components), taxable-equivalent net interest margin (including its individual components), the taxable-equivalent efficiency ratio, tangible common equity ratio, tangible common book value per share and return on average tangible common equity. Management believes that these measures and ratios provide users of the Company’s financial information a more meaningful view of the performance of the Company's interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and of the Company’s operating efficiency. Other financial holding companies may define or calculate these measures and ratios differently.

Management reviews yields on certain asset categories and the net interest margin of the Company and its banking subsidiaries on a fully taxable-equivalent (“FTE”) basis. In this non-GAAP presentation, net interest income is adjusted to reflect tax-exempt interest income on an equivalent before-tax basis. This measure ensures comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. Net interest income on a FTE basis is also used in the calculation of the Company’s efficiency ratio. The efficiency ratio, which is calculated by dividing non-interest expense by total taxable-equivalent net revenue (less securities gains or losses), measures how much it costs to produce one dollar of revenue. Securities gains or losses are excluded from this calculation to better match revenue from daily operations to operational expenses. Management considers the tangible common equity ratio and tangible book value per common share as useful measurements of the Company’s equity. The Company references the return on average tangible common equity as a measurement of profitability.








































A reconciliation of certain non-GAAP performance measures and ratios used by the Company to evaluate and measure the Company’s performance to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is shown below:
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,
(Dollars and shares in thousands)2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016 2017 2016
Calculation of Net Interest Margin and Efficiency Ratio              
(A) Interest Income (GAAP)$208,149
 $185,379
 $597,444
 $530,977
$247,688
 $208,149
 $694,628
 $597,444
Taxable-equivalent adjustment:              
- Loans584
 346
 1,616
 1,001
1,033
 584
 2,654
 1,616
- Liquidity Management Assets963
 841
 2,815
 2,355
921
 963
 2,694
 2,815
- Other Earning Assets9
 10
 23
 44
5
 9
 12
 23
(B) Interest Income - FTE$209,705
 $186,576
 $601,898
 $534,377
$249,647
 $209,705
 $699,988
 $601,898
(C) Interest Expense (GAAP)23,513
 19,839
 66,029
 56,654
31,700
 23,513
 81,651
 66,029
(D) Net Interest Income - FTE (B minus C)$186,192
 $166,737
 $535,869
 $477,723
$217,947
 $186,192
 $618,337
 $535,869
(E) Net Interest Income (GAAP) (A minus C)$184,636
 $165,540
 $531,415
 $474,323
$215,988
 $184,636
 $612,977
 $531,415
Net interest margin (GAAP-derived)3.21% 3.31% 3.25% 3.36%3.43% 3.21% 3.40% 3.25%
Net interest margin - FTE3.24% 3.33% 3.27% 3.39%3.46% 3.24% 3.43% 3.27%
(F) Non-interest income$86,604
 $64,953
 $240,155
 $206,507
$79,731
 $86,604
 $238,468
 $240,155
(G) Gains (losses) on investment securities, net3,305
 (98) 6,070
 402
(G) Gains on investment securities, net39
 3,305
 31
 6,070
(H) Non-interest expense176,615
 159,974
 501,314
 461,589
183,575
 176,615
 535,237
 501,314
Efficiency ratio (H/(E+F-G))65.92% 69.38% 65.49% 67.84%62.09% 65.92% 62.86% 65.49%
Efficiency ratio - FTE (H/(D+F-G))65.54% 69.02% 65.11% 67.50%61.68% 65.54% 62.47% 65.11%
Calculation of Tangible Common Equity ratio (at period end)              
Total shareholders’ equity$2,674,474
 $2,335,736
    $2,908,925
 $2,674,474
    
(I) Less: Convertible preferred stock(126,257) (126,312)    
 (126,257)    
Less: Non-convertible preferred stock(125,000) (125,000)    (125,000) (125,000)    
Less: Intangible assets(506,674) (497,699)    (520,672) (506,674)    
(J) Total tangible common shareholders’ equity$1,916,543
 $1,586,725
    $2,263,253
 $1,916,543
    
Total assets$25,321,759
 $22,035,216
    $27,358,162
 $25,321,759
    
Less: Intangible assets(506,674) (497,699)    (520,672) (506,674)    
(K) Total tangible assets$24,815,085
 $21,537,517
    $26,837,490
 $24,815,085
    
Tangible common equity ratio (J/K)7.7% 7.4%    8.4% 7.7%    
Tangible common equity ratio, assuming full conversion of convertible preferred stock ((J-I)/K)8.2% 8.0%    8.4% 8.2%    
Calculation of book value per share              
Total shareholders’ equity$2,674,474
 $2,335,736
    $2,908,925
 $2,674,474
    
Less: Preferred stock(251,257) (251,312)    (125,000) (251,257)    
(L) Total common equity$2,423,217
 $2,084,424
    $2,783,925
 $2,423,217
    
(M) Actual common shares outstanding51,715
 48,337
    55,838
 51,715
    
Book value per common share (L/M)$46.86
 $43.12
    $49.86
 $46.86
    
Tangible common book value per share (J/M)$37.06
 $32.83
    $40.53
 $37.06
    
Calculation of return on average common equity              
(N) Net income applicable to common shares49,487
 34,276
 141,383
 113,998
63,576
 49,487
 181,173
 141,383
Add: After-tax intangible asset amortization677
 833
 2,270
 2,046
672
 677
 2,169
 2,270
(O) Tangible net income applicable to common shares50,164
 35,109
 143,653
 116,044
64,248
 50,164
 183,342
 143,653
Total average shareholders' equity2,651,684
 2,310,511
 2,502,940
 2,194,384
2,882,682
 2,651,684
 2,808,072
 2,502,940
Less: Average preferred stock(251,257) (251,312) (251,259) (171,238)(125,000) (251,257) (178,632) (251,259)
(P) Total average common shareholders' equity2,400,427
 2,059,199
 2,251,681
 2,023,146
2,757,682
 2,400,427
 2,629,440
 2,251,681
Less: Average intangible assets(508,812) (490,583) (503,966) (455,787)(520,333) (508,812) (520,006) (503,966)
(Q) Total average tangible common shareholders’ equity1,891,615
 1,568,616
 1,747,715
 1,567,359
2,237,349
 1,891,615
 2,109,434
 1,747,715
Return on average common equity, annualized (N/P)8.20% 6.60% 8.39% 7.53%9.15% 8.20% 9.21% 8.39%
Return on average tangible common equity, annualized (O/Q)10.55% 8.88% 10.98% 9.90%11.39% 10.55% 11.62% 10.98%



Critical Accounting Policies

The Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP in the United States and prevailing practices of the banking industry. Application of these principles requires management to make estimates, assumptions, and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Certain policies and accounting principles inherently have a greater reliance on the use of estimates, assumptions and judgments, and as such have a greater possibility that changes in those estimates and assumptions could produce financial results that are materially different than originally reported. Estimates, assumptions and judgments are necessary when assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value, when a decline in the value of an asset not carried on the financial statements at fair value warrants an impairment write-down or valuation reserve to be established, or when an asset or liability needs to be recorded contingent upon a future event, are based on information available as of the date of the financial statements; accordingly, as information changes, the financial statements could reflect different estimates and assumptions. Management views critical accounting policies to be those which are highly dependent on subjective or complex judgments, estimates and assumptions, and where changes in those estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on the financial statements. Management currently views critical accounting policies to include the determination of the allowance for loan losses, allowance for covered loan losses and the allowance for losses on lending-related commitments, loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, estimations of fair value, the valuations required for impairment testing of goodwill, the valuation and accounting for derivative instruments and income taxes as the accounting areas that require the most subjective and complex judgments, and as such could be most subject to revision as new information becomes available. For a more detailed discussion on these critical accounting policies, see “Summary of Critical Accounting Policies” beginning on page 55 of the Company’s 20152016 Form 10-K.

Net Income

Net income for the quarter ended September 30, 20162017 totaled $53.1$65.6 million, an increase of $14.8$12.5 million, or 38%24%, compared to the third quarter of 2015.2016. On a per share basis, net income for the third quarter of 20162017 totaled $0.92$1.12 per diluted common share compared to $0.69$0.92 in the third quarter of 2015.2016.

The most significant factors impacting net income for the third quarter of 20162017 as compared to the same period in the prior year include an increase in net interest income as a result of growth in earning assets gains on sales of investment securities,and an improvement in net interest margin, increased operating lease income, and an increase in mortgage banking revenue.wealth management revenue and a decrease in other expenses due to a charge related to legal disputes recognized during the third quarter of 2016. These improvements were offset by a decrease in mortgage banking revenue and fees from covered call options, lower gains on investment securities and an increase in non-interest expense primarily attributable to higher salary and employee benefit costs caused by the addition of employees from the various acquisitions, and higher staffing levels as the Company grows, and increased equipment expense, including operating lease equipment depreciation.depreciation and an increase in professional fees and marketing expenses.


Net Interest Income

The primary source of the Company’s revenue is net interest income. Net interest income is the difference between interest income and fees on earnings assets, such as loans and securities, and interest expense on the liabilities to fund those assets, including interest bearing deposits and other borrowings. The amount of net interest income is affected by both changes in the level of interest rates, and the amount and composition of earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.


Quarter Ended September 30, 20162017 compared to the Quarters Ended June 30, 20162017 and September 30, 20152016

The following table presents a summary of the Company’s average balances, net interest income and related net interest margin,margins, including a calculation on a fully taxable equivalent basis, for the third quarter of 20162017 as compared to the second quarter of 20162017 (sequential quarters) and third quarter of 20152016 (linked quarters):
Average Balance
for three months ended,
 
Interest
for three months ended,
 
Yield/Rate
for three months ended,
Average Balance
for three months ended,
 
Interest
for three months ended,
 
Yield/Rate
for three months ended,
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 June 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 June 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 June 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 June 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 June 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 June 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Liquidity management assets(1)
(2)(7)
$3,671,577
 $3,413,113
 $3,140,782
 $18,710
 $19,236
 $18,165
 2.03 % 2.27 % 2.29 %
Interest-bearing deposits with banks and cash equivalents(1)
1,003,572
 722,349
 851,385
 3,272
 1,635
 1,157
 1.29 % 0.91 % 0.54 %
Investment securities2,652,119
 2,572,619
 2,692,691
 16,979
 16,390
 16,459
 2.54
 2.55
 2.43
FHLB and FRB stock81,928
 99,438
 127,501
 1,080
 1,153
 1,094
 5.23
 4.66
 3.41
Liquidity management
assets(2)(7)
$3,737,619
 $3,394,406
 $3,671,577
 $21,331
 $19,178
 $18,710
 2.26 % 2.27 % 2.03 %
Other earning assets(2)(3)(7)
29,875
 29,759
 30,990
 222
 238
 234
 2.96
 3.21
 3.00
25,844
 25,749
 29,875
 163
 162
 222
 2.49
 2.53
 2.96
Loans, net of unearned income(2)(4)(7)
19,071,621
 18,204,552
 16,509,001
 189,637
 177,571
 165,572
 3.96
 3.92
 3.98
21,195,222
 20,599,718
 19,071,621
 227,553
 212,892
 189,637
 4.26
 4.15
 3.96
Covered loans101,570
 109,533
 174,768
 1,136
 1,482
 2,605
 4.45
 5.44
 5.91
48,415
 51,823
 101,570
 600
 648
 1,136
 4.91
 5.01
 4.45
Total earning assets(7)
$22,874,643
 $21,756,957
 $19,855,541
 $209,705
 $198,527
 $186,576
 3.65 % 3.67 % 3.73 %$25,007,100
 $24,071,696
 $22,874,643
 $249,647
 $232,880
 $209,705
 3.96 % 3.88 % 3.65 %
Allowance for loan and covered loan losses(121,156) (116,984) (106,091)            (135,519) (132,053) (121,156)            
Cash and due from banks240,239
 272,935
 251,289
            242,186
 242,495
 240,239
            
Other assets1,885,526
 1,841,847
 1,678,323
            1,898,528
 1,868,811
 1,885,526
            
Total assets$24,879,252
 $23,754,755
 $21,679,062
            $27,012,295
 $26,050,949
 $24,879,252
            
                                  
Interest-bearing deposits$15,117,102
 $14,065,995
 $13,489,651
 $15,621
 $13,594
 $12,436
 0.41 % 0.39 % 0.37 %$16,291,891
 $15,621,674
 $15,117,102
 $23,655
 $18,471
 $15,621
 0.58 % 0.47 % 0.41 %
FHLB advances459,198
 946,081
 394,666
 2,577
 2,984
 2,458
 2.23
 1.27
 2.47
324,996
 689,600
 459,198
 2,151
 2,933
 2,577
 2.63
 1.71
 2.23
Other borrowings249,307
 248,233
 272,549
 1,137
 1,086
 1,045
 1.81
 1.76
 1.52
268,850
 240,547
 249,307
 1,482
 1,149
 1,137
 2.19
 1.92
 1.81
Subordinated notes138,925
 138,898
 138,825
 1,778
 1,777
 1,776
 5.12
 5.12
 5.12
139,035
 139,007
 138,925
 1,772
 1,786
 1,778
 5.10
 5.14
 5.12
Junior subordinated notes253,566
 253,566
 264,974
 2,400
 2,353
 2,124
 3.70
 3.67
 3.14
253,566
 253,566
 253,566
 2,640
 2,433
 2,400
 4.07
 3.80
 3.70
Total interest-bearing liabilities$16,218,098
 $15,652,773
 $14,560,665
 $23,513
 $21,794
 $19,839
 0.58 % 0.56 % 0.54 %$17,278,338
 $16,944,394
 $16,218,098
 $31,700
 $26,772
 $23,513
 0.73 % 0.63 % 0.58 %
Non-interest bearing deposits5,566,983
 5,223,384
 4,473,632
            6,419,326
 5,904,679
 5,566,983
            
Other liabilities442,487
 412,866
 334,254
            431,949
 400,971
 442,487
            
Equity2,651,684
 2,465,732
 2,310,511
            2,882,682
 2,800,905
 2,651,684
            
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$24,879,252
 $23,754,755
 $21,679,062
            $27,012,295
 $26,050,949
 $24,879,252
            
Interest rate spread(5)(7)
            3.07 % 3.11 % 3.19 %            3.23 % 3.25 % 3.07 %
Less: Fully tax-equivalent adjustment      (1,556) (1,463) (1,197) (0.03) (0.03) (0.02)      (1,959) (1,699) (1,556) (0.03) (0.02) (0.03)
Net free funds/contribution(6)
$6,656,545
 $6,104,184
 $5,294,876
       0.17
 0.16
 0.14
$7,728,762
 $7,127,302
 $6,656,545
       0.23
 0.18
 0.17
Net interest income/ margin(7) (GAAP)
      $184,636
 $175,270
 $165,540
 3.21 % 3.24 % 3.31 %      $215,988
 $204,409
 $184,636
 3.43 % 3.41 % 3.21 %
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment      1,556
 $1,463
 $1,197
 0.03
 0.03
 0.02
      1,959
 $1,699
 $1,556
 0.03
 0.02
 0.03
Net interest income/ margin - FTE (7)
      $186,192
 $176,733
 $166,737
 3.24 % 3.27 % 3.33 %      $217,947
 $206,108
 $186,192
 3.46 % 3.43 % 3.24 %
(1)Liquidity management assets include available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities, interest earningIncludes interest-bearing deposits withfrom banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements.
(2)
Interest income on tax-advantaged loans, trading securities and investment securities reflects a tax-equivalent adjustment based on a marginal federal corporate tax rate of 35%. The total adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 20162017, June 30, 20162017 and September 30, 20152016 were $1.6$2.0 million, $1.5$1.7 million and $1.2$1.6 million respectively.
(3)Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities.
(4)Loans, net of unearned income, include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans.
(5)Interest rate spread is the difference between the yield earned on earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.
(6)Net free funds are the difference between total average earning assets and total average interest-bearing liabilities. The estimated contribution to net interest margin from net free funds is calculated using the rate paid for total interest-bearing liabilities.
(7)See “Supplemental Financial Measures/Ratios” for additional information on this performance ratio.


For the third quarter of 2016,2017, net interest income totaled $184.6$216.0 million, an increase of $9.4$11.6 million as compared to the second quarter of 20162017 and an increase of $19.1$31.4 million as compared to the third quarter of 2015.2016. Net interest margin was 3.43% (3.46% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the third quarter of 2017 compared to 3.41% (3.43% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the second quarter of 2017 and 3.21% (3.24% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the third quarter of 2016 compared to 3.24% (3.27% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the second quarter of 2016 and 3.31% (3.33% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) during the third quarter of 2015. The reduction in net interest margin compared to the second quarter of 2016 is primarily the result of a decline in yields on mortgage-backed securities due to accelerated premium amortization. In the third quarter of 2016, $1.8 million of premium amortization was accelerated due to payment on the underlying security, compared to $751,000 in the second quarter of 2016.




Nine months ended September 30, 20162017 compared to nine months ended September 30, 20152016

The following table presents a summary of the Company’s average balances, net interest income and related net interest margin,margins, including a calculation on a fully taxable equivalent basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2015:2016:

Average Balance
for nine months ended,
 Interest
for nine months ended,
 
Yield/Rate
for nine months ended,
Average Balance
for nine months ended,
 Interest
for nine months ended,
 
Yield/Rate
for nine months ended,
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Interest-bearing deposits with banks and cash equivalents(1)836,373
 688,208
 6,531
 2,699
 1.04 % 0.52 %
Investment securities2,541,061
 2,656,969
 47,849
 51,898
 2.52
 2.61
FHLB and FRB stock91,774
 117,198
 3,303
 3,143
 4.81
 3.58
Liquidity management assets(1)(2)(7)
$3,462,375
 $2,907,284
 $57,740
 $50,328
 2.23 % 2.31 %$3,469,208
 $3,462,375
 $57,683
 $57,740
 2.22 % 2.23 %
Other earning assets(2)(3)(7)
29,457
 30,286
 696
 718
 3.16
 3.17
25,612
 29,457
 508
 696
 2.65
 3.16
Loans, net of unearned income(2)(4)(7)
18,264,545
 15,730,009
 538,833
 473,857
 3.94
 4.03
20,577,507
 18,264,545
 639,632
 538,833
 4.16
 3.94
Covered loans117,427
 197,069
 4,629
 9,474
 5.27
 6.43
52,339
 117,427
 2,165
 4,629
 5.53
 5.27
Total earning assets(7)
$21,873,804
 $18,864,648
 $601,898
 $534,377
 3.68 % 3.79 %$24,124,666
 $21,873,804
 $699,988
 $601,898
 3.88 % 3.68 %
Allowance for loan and covered loan losses(116,739) (101,440)        (131,695) (116,739)        
Cash and due from banks257,443
 245,745
        238,136
 257,443
        
Other assets1,834,904
 1,577,971
        1,865,702
 1,834,904
        
Total assets$23,849,412
 $20,586,924
        $26,096,809
 $23,849,412
        
                      
Interest-bearing deposits$14,303,125
 $13,158,498
 $41,996
 $36,246
 0.39 % 0.37 %$15,796,434
 $14,303,125
 $58,396
 $41,996
 0.49 % 0.39 %
FHLB advances742,423
 360,470
 8,447
 6,426
 1.52
 2.38
399,171
 742,423
 6,674
 8,447
 2.24
 1.52
Other borrowings251,633
 220,478
 3,281
 2,620
 1.74
 1.59
254,854
 251,633
 3,770
 3,281
 1.98
 1.74
Subordinated notes138,898
 138,799
 5,332
 5,328
 5.12
 5.12
139,008
 138,898
 5,330
 5,332
 5.11
 5.12
Junior subordinated notes254,935
 254,710
 6,973
 6,034
 3.59
 3.12
253,566
 254,935
 7,481
 6,973
 3.89
 3.59
Total interest-bearing liabilities$15,691,014
 $14,132,955
 $66,029
 $56,654
 0.56 % 0.54 %$16,843,033
 $15,691,014
 $81,651
 $66,029
 0.65 % 0.56 %
Non-interest bearing deposits5,244,552
 3,931,194
        6,039,329
 5,244,552
        
Other liabilities410,906
 328,391
        406,375
 410,906
        
Equity2,502,940
 2,194,384
        2,808,072
 2,502,940
        
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$23,849,412
 $20,586,924
        $26,096,809
 $23,849,412
        
Interest rate spread(5)(7)
        3.12 % 3.25 %        3.23 % 3.12 %
Less: Fully tax-equivalent adjustment    (4,454) (3,400) (0.02) (0.03)    (5,360) (4,454) (0.03) (0.02)
Net free funds/contribution(6)
$6,182,790
 $4,731,693
     0.15
 0.14
$7,281,633
 $6,182,790
     0.20
 0.15
Net interest income/ margin(7) (GAAP)
    $531,415
 $474,323
 3.25 % 3.36 %    $612,977
 $531,415
 3.40 % 3.25 %
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment    4,454
 3,400
 0.02
 0.03
    5,360
 4,454
 0.03
 0.02
Net interest income/ margin - FTE (7)
    $535,869
 $477,723
 3.27 % 3.39 %    $618,337
 $535,869
 3.43 % 3.27 %

(1)Liquidity management assets include available-for-sale and held-to-maturity securities, interest earningIncludes interest-bearing deposits withfrom banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements.
(2)Interest income on tax-advantaged loans, trading securities and investment securities reflects a tax-equivalent adjustment based on a marginal federal corporate tax rate of 35%. The total adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 20152016 were $4.5$5.4 million and $3.4$4.5 million respectively.
(3)Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities.
(4)Loans, net of unearned income, include loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans.
(5)Interest rate spread is the difference between the yield earned on earning assets and the rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities.
(6)Net free funds are the difference between total average earning assets and total average interest-bearing liabilities. The estimated contribution to net interest margin from net free funds is calculated using the rate paid for total interest-bearing liabilities.
(7)See “Supplemental Financial Measures/Ratios” for additional information on this performance ratio.

For the first nine months of 2016,2017 net interest income totaled $531.4$613.0 million, an increase of $57.1$81.6 million as compared to the first nine months of 2015.2016. Net interest margin was 3.40% (3.43% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) for the first nine months of 2017 compared to 3.25% (3.27% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) for the first nine months of 2016 compared to 3.36% (3.39% on a fully tax-equivalent basis) for the same period of 2015. The reduction in net interest margin compared to the first nine months of 2015 is primarily the result of a decline in loan yields, including less accretion recognized on purchased loans, and an increase on the rate of interest bearing liabilities.2016.


Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income (GAAP)

The following table presents an analysis of the changes in the Company’s net interest income comparing the three month periods ended September 30, 20162017 to June 30, 20162017 and September 30, 2015,2016 and the nine month periods ended September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 2015.2016. The reconciliations set forth the changes in the GAAP-derived net interest income as a result of changes in volumes, changes in rates and differing number of days in each period:
Third Quarter
of 2016
Compared to
Second Quarter
of 2016
 
Third Quarter
of 2016
Compared to
Third Quarter
of 2015
 
First Nine
Months of 2016
Compared to
First Nine
Months of 2015
Third Quarter
of 2017
Compared to
Second Quarter
of 2017
 
Third Quarter
of 2017
Compared to
Third Quarter
of 2016
 
First nine
Months of 2017
Compared to
First Nine
Months of 2016
(Dollars in thousands)  
Net interest income (GAAP) for comparative period$175,270
 $165,540
 $474,323
$204,409
 $184,636
 $531,415
Change due to mix and growth of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities (volume)11,778
 25,002
 68,045
8,774
 19,642
 61,411
Change due to interest rate fluctuations (rate)(4,317) (5,906) (12,684)583
 11,710
 22,097
Change due to number of days in each period1,905
 
 1,731
2,222
 
 (1,946)
Net interest income (GAAP) for the period ended September 30, 2016$184,636
 $184,636
 $531,415
Net interest income (GAAP) for the period ended September 30, 2017$215,988
 $215,988
 $612,977
Fully tax-equivalent adjustment1,556
 1,556
 4,454
1,959
 1,959
 5,360
Net interest income - FTE$186,192
 $186,192
 $535,869
$217,947
 $217,947
 $618,337

Non-interest Income

The following table presents non-interest income by category for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended 
$
Change
 
%
Change
Three Months Ended 
$
Change
 
%
Change
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 
Brokerage$6,752
 $6,579
 $173
 3%$5,127
 $6,752
 $(1,625) (24)%
Trust and asset management12,582
 11,664
 918
 8
14,676
 12,582
 2,094
 17
Total wealth management19,334
 18,243
 1,091
 6
19,803
 19,334
 469
 2
Mortgage banking34,712
 27,887
 6,825
 24
28,184
 34,712
 (6,528) (19)
Service charges on deposit accounts8,024
 7,403
 621
 8
8,645
 8,024
 621
 8
Gains (losses) on investment securities, net3,305
 (98) 3,403
 NM
Gains on investment securities, net39
 3,305
 (3,266) (99)
Fees from covered call options3,633
 2,810
 823
 29
1,143
 3,633
 (2,490) (69)
Trading losses, net(432) (135) (297) NM
(129) (432) 303
 (70)
Operating lease income, net4,459
 613
 3,846
 NM
8,461
 4,459
 4,002
 90
Other:              
Interest rate swap fees2,881
 2,606
 275
 11
1,762
 2,881
 (1,119) (39)
BOLI884
 212
 672
 NM
897
 884
 13
 1
Administrative services1,151
 1,072
 79
 7
1,052
 1,151
 (99) (9)
Gain on extinguishment of debt
 
 
 NM
Early pay-offs of leases
 
 
 NM
Miscellaneous8,653
 4,340
 4,313
 99
9,874
 8,653
 1,221
 14
Total Other13,569
 8,230
 5,339
 65
13,585
 13,569
 16
 
Total Non-Interest Income$86,604
 $64,953
 $21,651
 33%$79,731
 $86,604
 $(6,873) (8)%
NM - Not Meaningful

Nine Months Ended 
$
Change
 
%
Change
Nine Months Ended 
$
Change
 
%
Change
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 
Brokerage$19,111
 $20,181
 $(1,070) (5)%$16,796
 $19,111
 $(2,315) (12)%
Trust and asset management37,395
 34,638
 2,757
 8
43,060
 37,395
 5,665
 15
Total wealth management56,506
 54,819
 1,687
 3
59,856
 56,506
 3,350
 6
Mortgage banking93,254
 91,694
 1,560
 2
86,061
 93,254
 (7,193) (8)
Service charges on deposit accounts23,156
 20,174
 2,982
 15
25,606
 23,156
 2,450
 11
Gains on investment securities, net6,070
 402
 5,668
 NM
31
 6,070
 (6,039) (99)
Fees from covered call options9,994
 11,735
 (1,741) (15)2,792
 9,994
 (7,202) (72)
Trading losses, net(916) (452) (464) NM
(869) (916) 47
 (5)
Operating lease income, net11,270
 755
 10,515
 NM
21,048
 11,270
 9,778
 87
Other:              
Interest rate swap fees9,154
 7,144
 2,010
 28
5,416
 9,154
 (3,738) (41)
BOLI2,613
 3,158
 (545) (17)2,770
 2,613
 157
 6
Administrative services3,294
 3,151
 143
 5
3,062
 3,294
 (232) (7)
Gain on extinguishment of debt4,305
 
 4,305
 NM

 4,305
 (4,305) NM
Early pay-offs of leases1,221
 
 1,221
 NM
Miscellaneous21,455
 13,927
 7,528
 54
31,474
 21,455
 10,019
 47
Total Other40,821
 27,380
 13,441
 49
43,943
 40,821
 3,122
 8
Total Non-Interest Income$240,155
 $206,507
 $33,648
 16 %$238,468
 $240,155
 $(1,687) (1)%
NM - Not Meaningful

Notable contributions to the change in non-interest income are as follows:

The increase in wealth management revenue during the current periodsperiod as compared to the same periodsthird quarter of 20152016 is primarily attributable to growth in assets under management due to new customers. Wealth management revenue is comprised of the trust and asset management revenue of The Chicago Trust Company and Great Lakes Advisors and the brokerage commissions, managed money fees and insurance product commissions at Wayne Hummer Investments Investments, LLC ("WHI").WHI.

The increasedecrease in mortgage banking revenue in the current periodsquarter as compared to the prior year periods issame period of 2016 resulted primarily due to higherfrom lower origination volumes duringin the current year.quarter. Mortgage loans originated or purchased for sale totaled $1.3 billion indecreased during the current quarter, as compared to $973.7totaling $956.0 million in the third quarter of 2015. On a year-to-date basis, mortgage loans originated or purchased for sale totaled $3.2 billion in the first nine months of 20162017 as compared to $3.1$1.3 billion for the same period of 2015. This increase in revenue in the third quarter of 2016 was partly offset by a $2.5 million negative fair value adjustment on MSRs as a result of actual prepayments in the current period and higher projected prepayment speeds.2016. Mortgage banking revenue includes revenue from activities related to originating, selling and servicing residential real estate loans for the secondary market. Mortgage revenue is also impacted by changes in the fair value of MSRsmortgage servicing rights ("MSRs") as the Company does not hedge this change in fair value. The Company typically originates mortgage loans held-for-sale with associated MSRs either retained or released. The Company records MSRs at fair value on a recurring basis.


The table below presents additional selected information regarding mortgage banking revenue for the respective periods.
 Three months ended Nine Months Ended Three months ended Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands) September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Retail originations $1,138,571
 $900,302
 $2,978,643
 $2,906,508
 $809,961
 $1,138,571
 $2,398,328
 $2,978,643
Correspondent originations 121,007
 73,362
 229,825
 188,393
 145,999
 121,007
 414,357
 229,825
(A) Total originations $1,259,578
 $973,664
 $3,208,468
 $3,094,901
Total originations (A) $955,960
 $1,259,578
 $2,812,685
 $3,208,468
                
Purchases as a percentage of originations 57% 72% 60% 60% 80% 57% 78% 60%
Refinances as a percentage of originations 43
 28
 40
 40
 20
 43
 22
 40
Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
                
(B) Production revenue (1)
 $32,889
 $27,211
 $85,040
 $90,640
Production revenue (1) (B)
 $24,038
 $32,889
 $69,855
 $85,040
Production margin (B/A) 2.61% 2.79% 2.65% 2.93% 2.51% 2.61% 2.48% 2.65%
                
(C) Loans serviced for others $1,508,469
 $853,286
    
(D) MSRs, at fair value 13,901
 7,875
    
Loans serviced for others (C) $2,622,411
 $1,508,469
    
MSRs, at fair value (D) 29,414
 13,901
    
Percentage of MSRs to loans serviced for others (D/C) 0.92% 0.92%     1.12% 0.92%    
(1)Production revenue represents revenue earned from the origination and subsequent sale of mortgages, including gains on loans sold and fees from originations, processing and other related activities, and excludes servicing fees, changes in fair value of servicing rights and changes to the mortgage recourse obligation.

The increase in service charges on deposit accounts in the current quarter is mostly a result of higher account analysis fees on deposit accounts which have increased as a result of the Company's commercial banking initiative as well as additional service charges on deposit accounts from acquired institutions.

The increasedecrease in net gains on investment securities in the current quarter primarily relaterelates to the realized gains on sales and calls of certain mortgage-backed securities that were held in the Company's investment securities portfolio.portfolio in the prior year periods.

The Company has typically written call options with terms of less than three months against certain U.S. Treasury and agency securities held in its portfolio for liquidity and other purposes. Management has effectively entered into these transactions with the goal of economically hedging security positions and enhancing its overall return on its investment portfolio by using fees generated from these options to compensate for net interest margin compression. These option transactions are designed to mitigate overall interest rate risk and do not qualify as hedges pursuant to accounting guidance. Fees from covered call options decreased in the current year compared to the same period of 20152016 primarily as a result of selling call options against a smaller value of underlying securities resulting in lower premiums received by the Company. There were no outstanding call option contracts at September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 2015.2016.

The increase in operating lease income in the current quarteryear periods compared to the prior year quartersperiods is primarily related to growth in business from the Company's leasing divisions.

The increase in other non-interest income during the first nine months of 2016 as compared to the same period of 2015 is primarily due to the gain on extinguishment of junior subordinated debentures, higher swap fee revenues resulting from interest rate hedging transactions related to both customer-based trades and the related matched trades with inter-bank dealer counterparties, gains recognized on the purchase and sale of certain assets and income from investments in partnerships and other investments, partially offset by lower income on BOLI.


Non-interest Expense

The following table presents non-interest expense by category for the periods presented:
Three months ended 
$
Change
 
%
Change
Three months ended 
$
Change
 
%
Change
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 
Salaries and employee benefits:              
Salaries$54,309
 $53,028
 $1,281
 2 %$57,689
 $54,309
 $3,380
 6 %
Commissions and incentive compensation33,740
 30,035
 3,705
 12
32,095
 33,740
 (1,645) (5)
Benefits15,669
 14,686
 983
 7
16,467
 15,669
 798
 5
Total salaries and employee benefits103,718
 97,749
 5,969
 6
106,251
 103,718
 2,533
 2
Equipment9,449
 8,456
 993
 12
9,947
 9,449
 498
 5
Operating lease equipment depreciation3,605
 431
 3,174
 NM
6,794
 3,605
 3,189
 88
Occupancy, net12,767
 12,066
 701
 6
13,079
 12,767
 312
 2
Data processing7,432
 8,127
 (695) (9)7,851
 7,432
 419
 6
Advertising and marketing7,365
 6,237
 1,128
 18
9,572
 7,365
 2,207
 30
Professional fees5,508
 4,100
 1,408
 34
6,786
 5,508
 1,278
 23
Amortization of other intangible assets1,085
 1,350
 (265) (20)1,068
 1,085
 (17) (2)
FDIC insurance3,686
 3,035
 651
 21
3,877
 3,686
 191
 5
OREO expense, net1,436
 (367) 1,803
 NM
590
 1,436
 (846) (59)
Other:              
Commissions—3rd party brokers1,362
 1,364
 (2) 
990
 1,362
 (372) (27)
Postage1,889
 1,927
 (38) (2)1,814
 1,889
 (75) (4)
Miscellaneous17,313
 15,499
 1,814
 12
14,956
 17,313
 (2,357) (14)
Total other20,564
 18,790
 1,774
 9
17,760
 20,564
 (2,804) (14)
Total Non-Interest Expense$176,615
 $159,974
 $16,641
 10 %$183,575
 $176,615
 $6,960
 4 %
 Nine months ended $
Change
 %
Change
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
  
Salaries and employee benefits:       
Salaries$157,515
 $146,493
 $11,022
 8 %
Commissions and incentive compensation92,646
 88,916
 3,730
 4
Benefits50,262
 46,891
 3,371
 7
Total salaries and employee benefits300,423
 282,300
 18,123
 6
Equipment27,523
 24,090
 3,433
 14
Operating lease equipment depreciation9,040
 547
 8,493
 NM
Occupancy, net36,658
 35,818
 840
 2
Data processing21,089
 19,656
 1,433
 7
Advertising and marketing18,085
 16,550
 1,535
 9
Professional fees14,986
 13,838
 1,148
 8
Amortization of other intangible assets3,631
 3,297
 334
 10
FDIC insurance11,339
 9,069
 2,270
 25
OREO expense, net3,344
 1,885
 1,459
 77
Other:       
Commissions—3rd party brokers3,996
 4,153
 (157) (4)
Postage5,229
 5,138
 91
 2
Miscellaneous45,971
 45,248
 723
 2
Total other55,196
 54,539
 657
 1
Total Non-Interest Expense$501,314
 $461,589
 $39,725
 9 %
NM - Not Meaningful
 Nine months ended $
Change
 %
Change
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
  
Salaries and employee benefits:       
Salaries$167,912
 $157,515
 $10,397
 7 %
Commissions and incentive compensation92,788
 92,646
 142
 
Benefits51,369
 50,262
 1,107
 2
Total salaries and employee benefits312,069
 300,423
 11,646
 4
Equipment28,858
 27,523
 1,335
 5
Operating lease equipment depreciation17,092
 9,040
 8,052
 89
Occupancy, net38,766
 36,658
 2,108
 6
Data processing23,580
 21,089
 2,491
 12
Advertising and marketing23,448
 18,085
 5,363
 30
Professional fees18,956
 14,986
 3,970
 26
Amortization of other intangible assets3,373
 3,631
 (258) (7)
FDIC insurance11,907
 11,339
 568
 5
OREO expense, net2,994
 3,344
 (350) (10)
Other:       
Commissions—3rd party brokers3,121
 3,996
 (875) (22)
Postage5,336
 5,229
 107
 2
Miscellaneous45,737
 45,971
 (234) (1)
Total other54,194
 55,196
 (1,002) (2)
Total Non-Interest Expense$535,237
 $501,314
 $33,923
 7 %

Notable contributions to the change in non-interest expense are as follows:

Salaries and employee benefits expense increased in the current periodsperiod compared to the same periodsperiod of 20152016 primarily as a result of the addition of employees from acquisitions, increased staffing as the Company grows and higher commissions andemployee benefits offset somewhat by lower incentive

compensation on variable pay based arrangements and an increase in employee benefits (primarily health plan and payroll taxes related).related to mortgage banking commissions.
  
Operating lease equipment depreciation increased in the current quarter and year-to-date periods compared to the same periodsperiod of 20152016 primarily as a result of growth in business from the Company's leasing divisions.

The increase in advertising and marketing expenses during the current quarter compared to the same period of 2016 is primarily related to higher expenses from community advertisements and sponsorships. Marketing costs are incurred to promote the Company's brand, commercial banking capabilities, the Company's various products, to attract loans and deposits and to announce new branch openings as well as the expansion of the Company's non-bank businesses. The level of marketing expenditures depends on the timing of sponsorship programs and type of marketing programs utilized which are determined based on the market area, targeted audience, competition and various other factors.

The increase in professional fees during the current quarter compared to the third quarter of 2016 is primarily related to consulting fees. Professional fees include legal, audit and tax fees, external loan review costs, consulting arrangements and normal regulatory exam assessments.

Income Taxes

The Company recorded income tax expense of $31.9$38.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016,2017, compared to $23.8$31.9 million for same period of 2015.2016. Income tax expense was $91.3$105.3 million and $74.1$91.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. The effective tax rates were 37.6%37.0% and 38.3%37.6% for the third quarters of 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively, and 37.5%35.8% and 37.9%37.5% for the 20162017 and 20152016 year-to-date periods, respectively. The lower effective tax rate in the first nine months of 2017 was primarily a result of recording $5.0 million of excess tax benefits related to the adoption of new accounting rules over income taxes attributed to share-based compensation that became effective on January 1, 2017. Approximately $3.4 million of these excess tax benefits were recorded in the first quarter of 2017. Excess tax benefits are expected to be higher in the first quarter when the majority of the Company's share-based awards vest, and will fluctuate throughout the year based on the Company's stock price and timing of employee stock option exercises and vesting of other share-based awards.

Operating Segment Results

As described in Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1, the Company’s operations consist of three primary segments: community banking, specialty finance and wealth management. The Company’s profitability is primarily dependent on the net interest income, provision for credit losses, non-interest income and operating expenses of its community banking segment. For purposes of internal segment profitability, management allocates certain intersegment and parent company balances. Management allocates a portion of revenues to the specialty finance segment related to loans and leases originated by the specialty finance segment and sold or assigned to the community banking segment. Similarly, for purposes of analyzing the contribution from the wealth management segment, management allocates a portion of the net interest income earned by the community banking segment on deposit balances of customers of the wealth management segment to the wealth management segment. Finally, expenses incurred at the Wintrust parent company are allocated to each segment based on each segment's risk-weighted assets.

The community banking segment’s net interest income for the quarter ended September 30, 20162017 totaled $150.2$176.5 million as compared to $132.5$150.2 million for the same period in 2015,2016, an increase of $17.6$26.4 million, or 13%18%. On a year-to-date basis, net interest income for the segment increased by $51.9$65.0 million from $382.2 million for the first nine months of 2015 to $434.1 million for the first nine months of 2016.2016 to $499.1 million for the first nine months of 2017. The increase in both the three and nine month periods is primarily attributable to growth in earning assets including those acquired in acquisitions.and higher net interest margin. The community banking segment’s non-interest income totaled $62.7$52.6 million in the third quarter of 2016, an increase2017, a decrease of $17.2$10.2 million, or 38%16%, when compared to the third quarter of 20152016 total of $45.6$62.7 million. On a year-to-date basis, non-interest income totaled $169.2$160.3 million for the first nine months of 2016, an increase2017, a decrease of $22.5$8.9 million, or 15%5%, compared to $146.7$169.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2015.2016. The increasedecrease in non-interest income in the quarter and year-to-date periods was primarily attributable to higher service charges on deposit accounts and increased realized gains on investment securities as well as a gain on the extinguishment of debt and higherdecrease in mortgage banking revenue, lower gains realized on a year-to-date basis.sales of investment securities and lower fees from covered call options. The community banking segment’s net income for the quarter ended September 30, 20162017 totaled $37.5$44.8 million, an increase of $14.8$7.3 million as compared to net income in the third quarter of 20152016 of $22.7$37.5 million. On a year-to-date basis, the community banking segment's net income was $128.5 million for the first nine months of 2017 as compared to $106.9 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to $76.8 million for the first nine months of 2015.2016.

The specialty finance segment's net interest income totaled $25.5$30.5 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2016,2017, compared to $24.7$25.5 million for the same period in 2015,2016, an increase of $886,000,$5.0 million, or 4%19%. On a year-to-date basis, net interest income increased by $4.0$14.8 million in the first nine months of 20162017 as compared to the first nine months of 2015.2016. The increase during both periods is primarily attributable to growth in earning assets. The specialty finance segment’s non-interest income totaled $12.2$16.3 million and $8.3$12.2 million for the three month periods endingended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. On a year-to-date basis, non-interest income increased by $11.8$7.1 million in the first nine months of 20162017 as compared to the first nine months of 2015.2016. The increase in non-interest income in the current year periods is primarily the result of higher originations and increased balances related to the life insurance premium finance portfolio as well as increased leasing activity since the prior year periods. Our commercial premium finance operations, life insurance finance operations, lease financing operations and accounts receivable

finance operations accounted for 47%43%, 33%35%, 13%17% and 7%6%, respectively, of the total revenues of our specialty finance business for the nine month period endingended September 30, 2016.2017. The net income of the specialty finance segment for the quarter ended September 30, 20162017 totaled $12.8$17.0 million as compared to $12.5$12.8 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2015.2016. On a year-to-date basis, the net income of the specialty finance segment for the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 totaled $36.3$48.0 million as compared to $34.9$36.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015.2016.

The wealth management segment reported net interest income of $4.8$4.6 million for the third quarter of 20162017 compared to $4.4$4.8 million in the same quarter of 2015.2016. On a year-to-date basis, net interest income totaled $14.5 million for the first nine months of 2017 as compared to $13.7 million for the first nine months of 2016 as compared to $12.8 million for the first nine months of 2015.2016. Net interest income for this segment is primarily comprised

of an allocation of the net interest income earned by the community banking segment on non-interest bearing and interest-bearing wealth management customer account balances on deposit at the banks. Wealth management customer account balances on deposit at the banks averaged $987.8 million$1.0 billion and $892.4$987.8 million in the first nine months of 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. This segment recorded non-interest income of $20.4 million for the third quarter of 2017 compared to $20.0 million for the third quarter of 2016 compared to $18.4 million for the third quarter of 2015.2016. On a year-to-date basis, the wealth management segment's non-interest income totaled $58.7$61.7 million during the first nine months of 20162017 as compared to $56.1$58.7 million in the first nine months of 2015.2016. Distribution of wealth management services through each bank continues to be a focus of the Company as the number of financial advisors in its banks continues to increase. The Company is committed to growing the wealth management segment in order to better service its customers and create a more diversified revenue stream. The wealth management segment’s net income totaled $3.8 million for the third quarter of 2017 compared to $2.8 million for the third quarter of 2016 compared to $3.1 million for the third quarter of 2015.2016. On a year-to-date basis, the wealth management segment's net income totaled $9.1$12.4 million and $9.5$9.1 million for the nine month periods endingended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively. The reduction in net income in the current periods compared to the prior periods is partly due to a $1.5 million adverse arbitration award relating to a previously disclosed claim arising out of the hiring of a wealth management financial advisor by WHI.

Financial Condition

Total assets were $25.3$27.4 billion at September 30, 2016,2017, representing an increase of $3.3$2.0 billion, or 15%8%, when compared to September 30, 20152016 and an increase of approximately $901.1$428.9 million, or 15%6% on an annualized basis, when compared to June 30, 2016.2017. Total funding, which includes deposits, all notes and advances, including secured borrowings and the junior subordinated debentures, was $24.0 billion at September 30, 2017, $23.6 billion at June 30, 2017, and $22.2 billion at September 30, 2016, $21.3 billion at June 30, 2016, and $19.3 billion at September 30, 2015.2016. See Notes 5, 6, 9, 10 and 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for additional period-end detail on the Company’s interest-earning assets and funding liabilities.


Interest-Earning Assets

The following table sets forth, by category, the composition of average earning asset balances and the relative percentage of total average earning assets for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
September 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 September 30, 2015September 30, 2017 June 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)Balance Percent Balance Percent Balance PercentBalance Percent Balance Percent Balance Percent
Loans:                      
Commercial$5,468,228
 24% $5,030,253
 22% $4,341,027
 22%$6,399,589
 26% $6,184,352
 26% $5,468,228
 24%
Commercial real estate5,852,874
 26% 5,811,650
 27
 5,171,118
 26
6,401,278
 26
 6,324,735
 26
 5,852,874
 26
Home equity751,788
 3% 771,992
 4
 779,886
 4
679,668
 2
 698,112
 3
 751,788
 3
Residential real estate (1)
1,165,027
 5
 1,024,441
 5
 952,524
 5
1,114,637
 4
 1,079,339
 4
 1,165,027
 5
Premium finance receivables5,697,113
 25
 5,433,006
 25
 5,121,170
 26
6,470,190
 26
 6,186,230
 26
 5,697,113
 25
Other loans136,591
 1
 133,210
 1
 143,276
 1
129,860
 1
 126,950
 1
 136,591
 1
Total loans, net of unearned income excluding covered loans (2)
$19,071,621
 84% $18,204,552
 84% $16,509,001
 84%$21,195,222
 85% $20,599,718
 86% $19,071,621
 84%
Covered loans101,570
 
 109,533
 1
 174,768
 1
48,415
 
 51,823
 
 101,570
 
Total average loans (2)
$19,173,191
 84% $18,314,085
 85% $16,683,769
 85%$21,243,637
 85% $20,651,541
 86% $19,173,191
 84%
Liquidity management assets (3)
$3,671,577
 16% $3,413,113
 15% 3,140,782
 15%$3,737,619
 15% $3,394,406
 14% 3,671,577
 16%
Other earning assets (4)
29,875
 
 29,759
 
 30,990
 
25,844
 
 25,749
 
 29,875
 
Total average earning assets$22,874,643
 100% $21,756,957
 100% $19,855,541
 100%$25,007,100
 100% $24,071,696
 100% $22,874,643
 100%
Total average assets$24,879,252
   $23,754,755
   $21,679,062
  $27,012,295
   $26,050,949
   $24,879,252
  
Total average earning assets to total average assets  92%   92%   92%  93%   92%   92%
(1)Includes mortgage loans held-for-sale
(2)Includes loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans
(3)Liquidity management assets include investment securities, other securities, interest earning deposits with banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements
(4)Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities

Loans. Average total loans, net of unearned income, totaled $19.2$21.2 billion in the third quarter of 2016,2017, increasing $2.5$2.1 billion, or 15%11%, from the third quarter of 20152016 and $859.1$592.1 million, or 19%11% on an annualized basis, from the second quarter of 2016.2017. Combined, the commercial and commercial real estate loan categories comprised 59%60% and 57%59% of the average loan portfolio in the third quarter of 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively. Growth realized in these categories for the third quarter of 20162017 as compared to the

sequential and prior year periods is primarily attributable to the various bank acquisitions and increased business development efforts.

Home equity loan portfolio averaged $751.8$679.7 million in the third quarter of 2016,2017, and decreased $28.1$72.1 million, or 4%10% from the average balance of $779.9$751.8 million in same period of 2015.2016. The Company has been actively managing its home equity portfolio to ensure that diligent pricing, appraisal and other underwriting activities continue to exist. The Company has not sacrificed asset quality or pricing standards when originating new home equity loans.

Residential real estate loans averaged $1.2$1.1 billion in the third quarter of 2016,2017, and increased $212.5decreased $50.4 million, or 22%4% from the average balance of $952.5 million$1.2 billion in same period of 2015.2016. Additionally, compared to the quarter ended June 30, 2016,2017, the average balance increased $140.6$35.3 million, or 55%13% on an annualized basis. The residential real estate loan category includes mortgage loans held-for-sale. By selling residential mortgage loans into the secondary market, the Company eliminates the interest-rate risk associated with these loans, as they are predominantly long-term fixed rate loans, and provides a source of non-interest revenue.

Average premium finance receivables totaled $5.7$6.5 billion in the third quarter of 2016,2017, and accounted for 30% of the Company’s average total loans. The increase during 2016the third quarter of 2017 compared to both the second quarter of 20162017 and the third quarter of 20152016 was the result of continued originations within the portfolio due to the effective marketing and customer servicing. Approximately $1.7$1.8 billion of premium finance receivables were originated in the third quarter of 20162017 compared to $1.6$1.7 billion during the same period of 2015.2016. Premium finance receivables consist of a commercial portfolio and a life portfolio comprising approximately 44%42% and 56%58%, respectively, of the average total balance of premium finance receivables for the third quarter of 2016,2017, and 49%44% and 51%56%, respectively, for the third quarter of 2015.2016.

Other loans represent a wide variety of personal and consumer loans to individuals as well as high-yielding short-term accounts receivable financing to clients in the temporary staffing industry located throughout the United States. Consumer loans generally

have shorter terms and higher interest rates than mortgage loans but generally involve more credit risk due to the type and nature of the collateral. Additionally, short-term accounts receivable financing may also involve greater credit risks than generally associated with the loan portfolios of more traditional community banks depending on the marketability of the collateral.

Covered loans represent loans acquired through the nineeight FDIC-assisted transactions, all of which occurred prior to 2013. These loans are subject to loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. The FDIC has agreed to reimburse the Company for 80% of losses incurred on the purchased loans, foreclosed real estate, and certain other assets. On October 16, 2017, the Company entered into agreements with the FDIC that terminate all existing loss share agreements with the FDIC. The Company expectswill be solely responsible for all future charge-offs, recoveries, gains, losses and expenses related to the previously covered loan portfolio to continue to decreaseassets as these acquired loans are paid off and as loss sharing agreements expire.the FDIC will no longer share in those amounts. See Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for a discussion of these acquisitions, including the aggregation of these loans by risk characteristics when determining the initial and subsequent fair value.

Liquidity management assets. Funds that are not utilized for loan originations are used to purchase investment securities and short term money market investments, to sell as federal funds and to maintain in interest bearing deposits with banks. The balances of these assets can fluctuate based on management’s ongoing effort to manage liquidity and for asset liability management purposes.

Other earning assets. Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities. In the normal course of business, WHI activities involve the execution, settlement, and financing of various securities transactions. WHI’s customer securities activities are transacted on either a cash or margin basis. In margin transactions, WHI, under an agreement with an out-sourced securities firm, extends credit to its customers, subject to various regulatory and internal margin requirements, collateralized by cash and securities in customer’s accounts. In connection with these activities, WHI executes and the out-sourced firm clears customer transactions relating to the sale of securities not yet purchased, substantially all of which are transacted on a margin basis subject to individual exchange regulations. Such transactions may expose WHI to off-balance-sheet risk, particularly in volatile trading markets, in the event margin requirements are not sufficient to fully cover losses that customers may incur. In the event a customer fails to satisfy its obligations, WHI under the agreement with the outsourced securities firm, may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at prevailing market prices to fulfill the customer’s obligations. WHI seeks to control the risks associated with its customers’ activities by requiring customers to maintain margin collateral in compliance with various regulatory and internal guidelines. WHI monitors required margin levels daily and, pursuant to such guidelines, requires customers to deposit additional collateral or to reduce positions when necessary.








The following table sets forth, by category, the composition of average earning asset balances and the relative percentage of total average earning assets for the periods presented:

Nine Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2016 September 30, 2015September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)Balance Percent Balance PercentBalance Percent Balance Percent
Loans:              
Commercial$5,063,499
 23% $4,191,137
 22%$6,173,563
 26% $5,063,499
 23%
Commercial real estate5,764,773
 26
 4,852,973
 26
6,306,508
 26
 5,764,773
 26
Home equity767,703
 3
 736,320
 4
698,956
 3
 767,703
 3
Residential real estate (1)
1,034,916
 5
 896,417
 5
1,061,162
 4
 1,034,916
 5
Premium finance receivables5,497,715
 25
 4,897,534
 26
6,211,151
 26
 5,497,715
 25
Other loans135,939
 1
 155,628
 1
126,167
 1
 135,939
 1
Total loans, net of unearned income excluding covered loans (2)
$18,264,545
 83% $15,730,009
 84%$20,577,507
 86% $18,264,545
 83%
Covered loans117,427
 1
 197,069
 1
52,339
 
 117,427
 1
Total average loans (2)
$18,381,972
 84% $15,927,078
 85%$20,629,846
 86% $18,381,972
 84%
Liquidity management assets (3)
$3,462,375
 16% $2,907,284
 15%$3,469,208
 14% $3,462,375
 16%
Other earning assets (4)
29,457
 
 30,286
 
25,612
 
 29,457
 
Total average earning assets$21,873,804
 100% $18,864,648
 100%$24,124,666
 100% $21,873,804
 100%
Total average assets$23,849,412
   $20,586,924
  $26,096,809
   $23,849,412
  
Total average earning assets to total average assets  92%   92%  92%   92%
(1)Includes mortgage loans held-for-sale
(2)Includes loans held-for-sale and non-accrual loans
(3)Liquidity management assets include investment securities, other securities, interest earning deposits with banks, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements

(4)Other earning assets include brokerage customer receivables and trading account securities

Total average loans for the first nine months ended 2016of 2017 increased $2.5$2.2 billion or 15%12% over the previous year period. Similar to the quarterly discussion above, approximately $872.4 million$1.1 billion of this increase relates to the commercial portfolio, $911.8$541.7 million of this increase relates to the commercial real estate portfolio and $600.2$713.4 million of this increase relates to the premium finance receivables portfolio. The increase is partially offset by a decrease of $79.6 million in covered loans.

LOAN PORTFOLIO AND ASSET QUALITY
Loan Portfolio

The following table shows the Company’s loan portfolio by category as of the dates shown:
September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015 September 30, 2015September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016
  % of   % of   % of  % of   % of   % of
(Dollars in thousands)Amount Total Amount Total Amount TotalAmount Total Amount Total Amount Total
Commercial$5,951,544
 31% $4,713,909
 27% $4,400,185
 27%$6,456,034
 31% $6,005,422
 30% $5,951,544
 31%
Commercial real estate5,908,684
 31
 5,529,289
 32
 5,307,566
 32
6,400,781
 31
 6,196,087
 31
 5,908,684
 31
Home equity742,868
 4
 784,675
 5
 797,465
 5
672,969
 3
 725,793
 4
 742,868
 4
Residential real estate663,598
 3
 607,451
 3
 571,743
 3
789,499
 3
 705,221
 4
 663,598
 3
Premium finance receivables—commercial2,430,233
 13
 2,374,921
 14
 2,407,075
 15
2,664,912
 13
 2,478,581
 12
 2,430,233
 13
Premium finance receivables—life insurance3,283,359
 17
 2,961,496
 17
 2,700,275
 16
3,795,474
 18
 3,470,027
 18
 3,283,359
 17
Consumer and other120,975
 1
 146,376
 1
 131,902
 1
133,112
 1
 122,041
 1
 120,975
 1
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$19,101,261
 100% $17,118,117
 99% $16,316,211
 99%$20,912,781
 100% $19,703,172
 100% $19,101,261
 100%
Covered loans95,940
 
 148,673
 1
 168,609
 1
46,601
 
 58,145
 
 95,940
 
Total loans$19,197,201
 100% $17,266,790
 100% $16,484,820
 100%$20,959,382
 100% $19,761,317
 100% $19,197,201
 100%

Commercial and commercial real estate loans. Our commercial and commercial real estate loan portfolios are comprised primarily of commercial real estate loans and lines of credit for working capital purposes. The table below sets forth information regarding the types and amounts of our loans within these portfolios (excluding covered loans) as of September 30, 20162017 and 2015:2016:
As of September 30, 2016 As of September 30, 2015As of September 30, 2017 As of September 30, 2016
    Allowance     Allowance    Allowance     Allowance
  % of For Loan   % of For Loan  % of For Loan   % of For Loan
 Total Losses   Total Losses  Total Losses   Total Losses
(Dollars in thousands)Balance Balance Allocation Balance Balance AllocationBalance Balance Allocation Balance Balance Allocation
Commercial:                      
Commercial, industrial and other$3,605,516
 30.4% $29,087
 $3,010,475
 31.1% $23,206
$4,120,533
 32.0% $38,708
 $3,605,516
 30.4% $29,087
Franchise874,745
 7.4
 3,357
 222,001
 2.3
 3,145
853,716
 6.6
 6,154
 874,745
 7.4
 3,357
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit309,632
 2.6
 2,241
 136,614
 1.4
 1,022
194,370
 1.5
 1,438
 309,632
 2.6
 2,241
Asset-based lending845,719
 7.2
 6,728
 802,370
 8.3
 6,282
896,336
 7.0
 7,683
 845,719
 7.2
 6,728
Leases299,953
 2.5
 893
 205,786
 2.1
 169
381,394
 3.0
 1,208
 299,953
 2.5
 893
PCI - commercial loans (1)
15,979
 0.1
 732
 22,939
 0.2
 166
9,685
 0.1
 544
 15,979
 0.1
 732
Total commercial$5,951,544
 50.2% $43,038
 $4,400,185
 45.4% $33,990
$6,456,034
 50.2% $55,735
 $5,951,544
 50.2% $43,038
Commercial Real Estate:                      
Construction$451,477
 3.8% $4,778
 $347,234
 3.5% $3,748
$673,977
 5.2% $7,565
 $451,477
 3.8% $4,778
Land107,701
 0.9
 3,577
 79,076
 0.8
 2,550
102,753
 0.8
 3,354
 107,701
 0.9
 3,577
Office884,082
 7.5
 6,003
 790,311
 8.1
 7,156
880,951
 6.9
 6,249
 884,082
 7.5
 6,003
Industrial767,504
 6.5
 6,353
 636,124
 6.6
 5,521
836,485
 6.5
 5,538
 767,504
 6.5
 6,353
Retail895,341
 7.5
 6,063
 785,842
 8.1
 5,254
934,239
 7.3
 6,107
 895,341
 7.5
 6,063
Multi-family794,955
 6.7
 7,966
 687,659
 7.1
 6,959
864,985
 6.7
 8,873
 794,955
 6.7
 7,966
Mixed use and other1,851,507
 15.6
 13,586
 1,820,328
 18.7
 12,079
1,974,315
 15.4
 14,270
 1,851,507
 15.6
 13,586
PCI - commercial real estate (1)
156,117
 1.3
 22
 160,992
 1.7
 794
133,076
 1.0
 84
 156,117
 1.3
 22
Total commercial real estate$5,908,684
 49.8% $48,348
 $5,307,566
 54.6% $44,061
$6,400,781
 49.8% $52,040
 $5,908,684
 49.8% $48,348
Total commercial and commercial real estate$11,860,228
 100.0% $91,386
 $9,707,751
 100.0% $78,051
$12,856,815
 100.0% $107,775
 $11,860,228
 100.0% $91,386
                      
Commercial real estate - collateral location by state:                      
Illinois$4,652,758
 78.8%   $4,053,531
 76.4%  $4,981,379
 77.8%   $4,652,758
 78.8%  
Wisconsin646,116
 10.9
   577,231
 10.9
  683,229
 10.7
   646,116
 10.9
  
Total primary markets$5,298,874
 89.7%   $4,630,762
 87.3%  $5,664,608
 88.5%   $5,298,874
 89.7%  
Indiana111,206
 1.9
   106,591
 2.0
  140,749
 2.2
   111,206
 1.9
  
Florida77,836
 1.3
   56,020
 1.1
  114,599
 1.8
   77,836
 1.3
  
Arizona45,620
 0.8
   9,677
 0.2
  58,192
 0.9
   45,620
 0.8
  
Michigan44,664
 0.7
   36,350
 0.6
  
California38,195
 0.6
   36,957
 0.7
  36,366
 0.6
   38,195
 0.6
  
Other336,953
 5.7
   467,559
 8.7
  341,603
 5.3
   300,603
 5.1
  
Total$5,908,684
 100.0%   $5,307,566
 100.0%  $6,400,781
 100.0%   $5,908,684
 100.0%  
 
(1)
PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

We make commercial loans for many purposes, including working capital lines, which are generally renewable annually and supported by business assets, personal guarantees and additional collateral. Commercial business lending is generally considered to involve a slightly higher degree of risk than traditional consumer bank lending. Primarily as a result of growth in the commercial portfolio, our allowance for loan losses in our commercial loan portfolio is $55.7 million as of September 30, 2017 compared to $43.0 million as of September 30, 2016 compared to $34.0 million as of September 30, 2015.

2016.

Our commercial real estate loans are generally secured by a first mortgage lien and assignment of rents on the property. Since most of our bank branches are located in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin, 89.7%88.5% of our commercial real estate loan portfolio is located in this region as of September 30, 2016.2017. While commercial real estate market conditions have improved recently, a number of specific markets continue to be under stress. We have been able to effectively manage our total non-performing commercial real estate loans. As of September 30, 2016,2017, our allowance for loan losses related to this portfolio is $48.3$52.0 million compared to $44.1$48.3 million as of September 30, 20152016.

The Company also participates in mortgage warehouse lending by providing interim funding to unaffiliated mortgage bankers to finance residential mortgages originated by such bankers for sale into the secondary market. The Company’s loans to the mortgage bankers are secured by the business assets of the mortgage companies as well as the specific mortgage loans funded by the Company, after they have been pre-approved for purchase by third party end lenders. The Company may also provide interim financing for packages of mortgage loans on a bulk basis in circumstances where the mortgage bankers desire to competitively bid on a number of mortgages for sale as a package in the secondary market. Amounts advanced with respect to any particular mortgage loan are usually required to be repaid within 21 days. In the current period, mortgageMortgage warehouse lines increaseddecreased to $194.4 million as of September 30, 2017 from $309.6 million as of September 30, 2016 from $136.6 million as of September 30, 2015.2016.

Home equity loans. Our home equity loans and lines of credit are originated by each of our banks in their local markets where we have a strong understanding of the underlying real estate value. Our banks monitor and manage these loans, and we conduct an automated review of all home equity loans and lines of credit at least twice per year. This review collects current credit performance for each home equity borrower and identifies situations where the credit strength of the borrower is declining, or where there are events that may influence repayment, such as tax liens or judgments. Our banks use this information to manage loans that may be higher risk and to determine whether to obtain additional credit information or updated property valuations.

The rates we offer on new home equity lending are based on several factors, including appraisals and valuation due diligence, in order to reflect inherent risk, and we place additional scrutiny on larger home equity requests. In a limited number of cases, we issue home equity credit together with first mortgage financing, and requests for such financing are evaluated on a combined basis. It is not our practice to advance more than 85% of the appraised value of the underlying asset, which ratio we refer to as the loan-to-value ratio, or LTV ratio, and a majority of the credit we previously extended, when issued, had an LTV ratio of less than 80%.
Our home equity loan portfolio has performed well in light of the ongoing volatility in the overall residential real estate market.

Residential real estate mortgages. Our residential real estate portfolio predominantly includes one- to four-family adjustable rate mortgages that have repricing terms generally from one to three years, construction loans to individuals and bridge financing loans for qualifying customers. As of September 30, 2016,2017, our residential loan portfolio totaled $663.6$789.5 million, or 3% of our total outstanding loans.

Our adjustable rate mortgages relate to properties located principally in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin or vacation homes owned by local residents. These adjustable rate mortgages are often non-agency conforming. Adjustable rate mortgage loans decrease the interest rate risk we face on our mortgage portfolio. However, this risk is not eliminated due to the fact that such loans generally provide for periodic and lifetime limits on the interest rate adjustments among other features. Additionally, adjustable rate mortgages may pose a higher risk of delinquency and default because they require borrowers to make larger payments when interest rates rise. As of September 30, 2016, $12.22017, $14.7 million of our residential real estate mortgages, or 1.8%1.9% of our residential real estate loan portfolio were classified as nonaccrual, $1.5$1.1 million were 90 or more days past due and still accruing (0.2%(0.1%), $3.3$2.2 million were 30 to 89 days past due (0.5%(0.3%) and $646.6$771.4 million were current (97.5%(97.7%). We believe that since our loan portfolio consists primarily of locally originated loans, and since the majority of our borrowers are longer-term customers with lower LTV ratios, we face a relatively low risk of borrower default and delinquency.

While we generally do not originate loans for our own portfolio with long-term fixed rates due to interest rate risk considerations, we can accommodate customer requests for fixed rate loans by originating such loans and then selling them into the secondary market, for which we receive fee income. We may also selectively retain certain of these loans within the banks’ own portfolios where they are non-agency conforming, or where the terms of the loans make them favorable to retain. A portion of the loans we sold into the secondary market were sold with the servicing of those loans retained. The amount of loans serviced for others as of September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $2.6 billion and 2015 was $1.5 billion, and $853.3 million, respectively. All other mortgage loans sold into the secondary market were sold without the retention of servicing rights.

It is not our current practice to underwrite, and we have no plans to underwrite, subprime, Alt A, no or little documentation loans, or option ARM loans. As of September 30, 2016,2017, approximately $4.8$1.6 million of our mortgage loans consist of interest-only loans.


Premium finance receivables – commercial. FIFC and FIFC Canada originated approximately $1.4$1.6 billion in commercial insurance premium finance receivables during bothin the third quarter of 2016 and 2015.2017 as compared to $1.4 billion of originations in the third quarter of 2016. During both the nine months ended September 30,

2016 2017 and 2015,2016, FIFC and FIFC Canada originated approximately $4.6 billion and $4.3 billion, respectively, in commercial insurance premium finance receivable.receivables. FIFC and FIFC Canada make loans to businesses to finance the insurance premiums they pay on their commercial insurance policies. The loans are originated by working through independent medium and large insurance agents and brokers located throughout the United States and Canada. The insurance premiums financed are primarily for commercial customers’ purchases of liability, property and casualty and other commercial insurance.

This lending involves relatively rapid turnover of the loan portfolio and high volume of loan originations. Because of the indirect nature of this lending through third party agents and brokers and because the borrowers are located nationwide and in Canada, this segment is more susceptible to third party fraud than relationship lending. The Company performs ongoing credit and other reviews of the agents and brokers, and performs various internal audit steps to mitigate against the risk of any fraud. The majority of these loans are purchased by the banks in order to more fully utilize their lending capacity as these loans generally provide the banks with higher yields than alternative investments.

Premium finance receivables—life insurance. FIFC originated approximately $274.1$205.9 million in life insurance premium finance receivables in the third quarter of 20162017 as compared to $206.9274.1 million of originations in the third quarter of 2015. For2016. During the nine months ended September 30, 20162017 and 2015,2016, FIFC originated approximately $754.7$653.1 million and $596.2$754.7 million, respectively, in life insurance premium finance receivables. The Company continues to experience increased competition and pricing pressure within the current market. These loans are originated directly with the borrowers with assistance from life insurance carriers, independent insurance agents, financial advisors and legal counsel. The life insurance policy is the primary form of collateral. In addition, these loans often are secured with a letter of credit, marketable securities or certificates of deposit. In some cases, FIFC may make a loan that has a partially unsecured position.

Consumer and other. Included in the consumer and other loan category is a wide variety of personal and consumer loans to individuals as well as high yielding short-term accounts receivable financing to clients in the temporary staffing industry located throughout the United States. The Banks originate consumer loans in order to provide a wider range of financial services to their customers.

Consumer loans generally have shorter terms and higher interest rates than mortgage loans but generally involve more credit risk than mortgage loans due to the type and nature of the collateral. Additionally, short-term accounts receivable financing may also involve greater credit risks than generally associated with the loan portfolios of more traditional community banks depending on the marketability of the collateral.

Covered loans. Covered loans represent loans acquired through the nineeight FDIC-assisted transactions, all of which occurred prior to 2013. These loans are subject to loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. The FDIC has agreed to reimburse the Company for 80% of losses incurred on the purchased loans, foreclosed real estate, and certain other assets. On October 16, 2017, the Company entered into agreements with the FDIC that terminate all existing loss share agreements with the FDIC. The Company expectswill be solely responsible for all future charge-offs, recoveries, gains, losses and expenses related to the previously covered loan portfolio to continue to decreaseassets as these acquired loans are paid off and as loss sharing agreements expire.the FDIC will no longer share in those amounts. See Note 3 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for a discussion of these acquisitions, including the aggregation of these loans by risk characteristics when determining the initial and subsequent fair value.

Maturities and Sensitivities of Loans to Changes in Interest Rates

The following table classifies the commercial loan portfoliosportfolio, excluding covered loans, at September 30, 20162017 by date at which the loans reprice or mature, and the type of rate exposure:
As of September 30, 2016One year or less From one to five years Over five years  
As of September 30, 2017One year or less From one to five years Over five years  
(Dollars in thousands)One year or less From one to five years Over five years Total Total
Commercial         
Fixed rate$100,634
 $829,041
 $475,707
 $1,405,382
$173,603
 $668,211
 $442,587
 $1,284,401
Variable rate4,531,211
 9,639
 5,312
 4,546,162
5,163,750
 6,042
 1,841
 5,171,633
Total commercial$4,631,845
 $838,680
 $481,019
 $5,951,544
$5,337,353
 $674,253
 $444,428
 $6,456,034
Commercial real estate              
Fixed rate358,503
 1,709,635
 198,429
 2,266,567
405,258
 1,769,399
 263,307
 2,437,964
Variable rate3,597,698
 41,212
 3,207
 3,642,117
3,932,069
 30,085
 663
 3,962,817
Total commercial real estate$3,956,201
 $1,750,847
 $201,636
 $5,908,684
$4,337,327
 $1,799,484
 $263,970
 $6,400,781
Premium finance receivables, net of unearned income       
Home equity       
Fixed rate2,459,739
 89,644
 385
 2,549,768
8,126
 4,047
 62,070
 74,243
Variable rate3,163,824
 
 
 3,163,824
598,726
 
 
 598,726
Total premium finance receivables (1)
$5,623,563
 $89,644
 $385
 $5,713,592
Total home equity$606,852
 $4,047
 $62,070
 $672,969
Residential real estate       
Fixed rate45,854
 30,097
 143,789
 219,740
Variable rate54,908
 197,720
 317,131
 569,759
Total residential real estate$100,762
 $227,817
 $460,920
 $789,499
Premium finance receivables - commercial       
Fixed rate2,575,106
 89,806
 
 2,664,912
Variable rate
 
 
 
Total premium finance receivables - commercial$2,575,106
 $89,806
 $
 $2,664,912
Premium finance receivables - life insurance       
Fixed rate11,659
 33,294
 7,082
 52,035
Variable rate3,743,439
 
 
 3,743,439
Total premium finance receivables - life insurance$3,755,098
 $33,294
 $7,082
 $3,795,474
Consumer and other       
Fixed rate71,223
 14,930
 3,178
 89,331
Variable rate43,781
 
 
 43,781
Total consumer and other$115,004
 $14,930
 $3,178
 $133,112
Total per category       
Fixed rate3,290,829
 2,609,784
 922,013
 6,822,626
Variable rate13,536,673
 233,847
 319,635
 14,090,155
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$16,827,502
 $2,843,631
 $1,241,648
 $20,912,781
Variable Rate Loan Pricing by Index:       
Prime$2,891,012
      
One- month LIBOR6,631,241
      
Three- month LIBOR473,085
      
Twelve- month LIBOR3,663,204
      
Other431,613
      
Total variable rate$14,090,155
      


Past Due Loans and Non-Performing Assets

Our ability to manage credit risk depends in large part on our ability to properly identify and manage problem loans. To do so, the Company operates a credit risk rating system under which our credit management personnel assign a credit risk rating to each loan at the time of origination and review loans on a regular basis to determine each loan’s credit risk rating on a scale of 1 through 10 with higher scores indicating higher risk. The credit risk rating structure used is shown below:
 
1 Rating — Minimal Risk (Loss Potential – none or extremely low) (Superior asset quality, excellent liquidity, minimal leverage)
  
2 Rating — Modest Risk (Loss Potential demonstrably low) (Very good asset quality and liquidity, strong leverage capacity)
  
3 Rating — Average Risk (Loss Potential low but no longer refutable) (Mostly satisfactory asset quality and liquidity, good leverage capacity)
  
4 Rating — Above Average Risk (Loss Potential variable, but some potential for deterioration) (Acceptable asset quality, little excess liquidity, modest leverage capacity)
  
5 Rating — Management Attention Risk (Loss Potential moderate if corrective action not taken) (Generally acceptable asset quality, somewhat strained liquidity, minimal leverage capacity)
  
6 Rating — Special Mention (Loss Potential moderate if corrective action not taken) (Assets in this category are currently protected, potentially weak, but not to the point of substandard classification)
  
7 Rating — Substandard Accrual (Loss Potential distinct possibility that the bank may sustain some loss, but no discernable impairment) (Must have well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt)
  
8 Rating — Substandard Non-accrual (Loss Potential well documented probability of loss, including potential impairment) (Must have well defined weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt)
  
9 Rating — Doubtful (Loss Potential extremely high) (These assets have all the weaknesses in those classified “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current existing facts, conditions, and values, highly improbable)
   
10 Rating — Loss (fully charged-off) (Loans in this category are considered fully uncollectible.)
Each loan officer is responsible for monitoring his or her loan portfolio, recommending a credit risk rating for each loan in his or her portfolio and ensuring the credit risk ratings are appropriate. These credit risk ratings are then ratified by the bank’s chief credit officer and/or concurrence credit officer. Credit risk ratings are determined by evaluating a number of factors including a borrower’s financial strength, cash flow coverage, collateral protection and guarantees. A third party loan review firm independently reviews

a significant portion of the loan portfolio at each of the Company’s subsidiary banks to evaluate the appropriateness of the management-assigned credit risk ratings. These ratings are subject to further review at each of our bank subsidiaries by the applicable regulatory authority, including the FRB of Chicago, the OCC, the State of Illinois and the State of Wisconsin and are also reviewed by our internal audit staff.
The Company’s problem loan reporting system automatically includes all loans with credit risk ratings of 6 through 9. This system is designed to provide an on-going detailed tracking mechanism for each problem loan. Once management determines that a loan has deteriorated to a point where it has a credit risk rating of 6 or worse, the Company’s Managed Asset Division performs an overall credit and collateral review. As part of this review, all underlying collateral is identified and the valuation methodology is analyzed and tracked. As a result of this initial review by the Company’s Managed Asset Division, the credit risk rating is reviewed and a portion of the outstanding loan balance may be deemed uncollectible or an impairment reserve may be established. The Company’s impairment analysis utilizes an independent re-appraisal of the collateral (unless such a third-party evaluation is not possible due to the unique nature of the collateral, such as a closely-held business or thinly traded securities). In the case of commercial real estate collateral, an independent third party appraisal is ordered by the Company’s Real Estate Services Group to determine if there has been any change in the underlying collateral value. These independent appraisals are reviewed by the Real Estate Services Group and sometimes by independent third party valuation experts and may be adjusted depending upon market conditions. An appraisal is ordered at least once a year for these loans, or more often if market conditions dictate. In the event that the underlying value of the collateral cannot be easily determined, a detailed valuation methodology is prepared by the Managed Asset Division. A summary of this analysis is provided to the directors’ loan committee of the bank which originated the credit for approval of a charge-off, if necessary.


Through the credit risk rating process, loans are reviewed to determine if they are performing in accordance with the original contractual terms. If the borrower has failed to comply with the original contractual terms, further action may be required by the Company, including a downgrade in the credit risk rating, movement to non-accrual status, a charge-off or the establishment of a specific impairment reserve. In the event a collateral shortfall is identified during the credit review process, the Company will work with the borrower for a principal reduction and/or a pledge of additional collateral and/or additional guarantees. In the event that these options are not available, the loan may be subject to a downgrade of the credit risk rating. If we determine that a loan amount or portion thereof, is uncollectible the loan’s credit risk rating is immediately downgraded to an 8 or 9 and the uncollectible amount is charged-off. Any loan that has a partial charge-off continues to be assigned a credit risk rating of an 8 or 9 for the duration of time that a balance remains outstanding. The Managed Asset Division undertakes a thorough and ongoing analysis to determine if additional impairment and/or charge-offs are appropriate and to begin a workout plan for the credit to minimize actual losses.

The Company’s approach to workout plans and restructuring loans is built on the credit-risk rating process. A modification of a loan with an existing credit risk rating of 6 or worse or a modification of any other credit, which will result in a restructured credit risk rating of 6 or worse must be reviewed for TDR classification. In that event, our Managed Assets Division conducts an overall credit and collateral review. A modification of a loan is considered to be a TDR if both (1) the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and (2) for economic or legal reasons, the bank grants a concession to a borrower that it would not otherwise consider. The modification of a loan where the credit risk rating is 5 or better both before and after such modification is not considered to be a TDR. Based on the Company’s credit risk rating system, it considers that borrowers whose credit risk rating is 5 or better are not experiencing financial difficulties and therefore, are not considered TDRs.

TDRs, which are by definition considered impaired loans, are reviewed at the time of modification and on a quarterly basis to determine if a specific reserve is needed. The carrying amount of the loan is compared to the expected payments to be received, discounted at the loan’s original rate, or for collateral dependent loans, to the fair value of the collateral less the estimated cost to sell. Any shortfall is recorded as a specific reserve.

For non-TDR loans, if based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due to it according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, a loan is considered impaired, and a specific impairment reserve analysis is performed and if necessary, a specific reserve is established. In determining the appropriate reserve for collateral-dependent loans, the Company considers the results of appraisals for the associated collateral.

Non-performing Assets, excluding covered assets

The following table sets forth Wintrust’s non-performing assets and TDRs performing under the contractual terms of the loan agreement, excluding covered assets and PCI loans, as of the dates shown:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 June 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 June 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 September 30,
2016
Loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing (1):
              
Commercial$
 $235
 $541
 $
$
 $
 $174
 $
Commercial real estate
 
 
 

 
 
 
Home equity
 
 
 

 
 
 
Residential real estate
 
 
 

 179
 
 
Premium finance receivables—commercial7,754
 10,558
 10,294
 8,231
9,584
 5,922
 7,962
 7,754
Premium finance receivables—life insurance
 
 
 
6,740
 1,046
 3,717
 
Consumer and other60
 163
 150
 140
159
 63
 144
 60
Total loans past due greater than 90 days and still accruing7,814
 10,956
 10,985
 8,371
16,483
 7,210
 11,997
 7,814
Non-accrual loans (2):
              
Commercial16,418
 16,801
 12,712
 12,018
13,931
 10,191
 15,875
 16,418
Commercial real estate22,625
 24,415
 26,645
 28,617
14,878
 16,980
 21,924
 22,625
Home equity9,309
 8,562
 6,848
 8,365
7,581
 9,482
 9,761
 9,309
Residential real estate12,205
 12,413
 12,043
 14,557
14,743
 14,292
 12,749
 12,205
Premium finance receivables—commercial14,214
 14,497
 14,561
 13,751
9,827
 10,456
 14,709
 14,214
Premium finance receivables—life insurance
 
 
 

 
 
 
Consumer and other543
 475
 263
 297
540
 439
 439
 543
Total non-accrual loans75,314
 77,163
 73,072
 77,605
61,500
 61,840
 75,457
 75,314
Total non-performing loans:              
Commercial16,418
 17,036
 13,253
 12,018
13,931
 10,191
 16,049
 16,418
Commercial real estate22,625
 24,415
 26,645
 28,617
14,878
 16,980
 21,924
 22,625
Home equity9,309
 8,562
 6,848
 8,365
7,581
 9,482
 9,761
 9,309
Residential real estate12,205
 12,413
 12,043
 14,557
14,743
 14,471
 12,749
 12,205
Premium finance receivables—commercial21,968
 25,055
 24,855
 21,982
19,411
 16,378
 22,671
 21,968
Premium finance receivables—life insurance
 
 
 
6,740
 1,046
 3,717
 
Consumer and other603
 638
 413
 437
699
 502
 583
 603
Total non-performing loans$83,128
 $88,119
 $84,057
 $85,976
$77,983
 $69,050
 $87,454
 $83,128
Other real estate owned19,933
 22,154
 26,849
 29,053
17,312
 16,853
 17,699
 19,933
Other real estate owned—from acquisitions15,117
 15,909
 17,096
 22,827
20,066
 22,508
 22,583
 15,117
Other repossessed assets428
 420
 174
 193
301
 532
 581
 428
Total non-performing assets$118,606
 $126,602
 $128,176
 $138,049
$115,662
 $108,943
 $128,317
 $118,606
TDRs performing under the contractual terms of the loan agreement29,440
 33,310
 42,744
 49,173
26,972
 28,008
 29,911
 29,440
Total non-performing loans by category as a percent of its own respective category’s period-end balance:              
Commercial0.28% 0.33% 0.28% 0.27%0.22% 0.16% 0.27% 0.28%
Commercial real estate0.38
 0.42
 0.48
 0.54
0.23
 0.27
 0.35
 0.38
Home equity1.25
 1.13
 0.87
 1.05
1.13
 1.38
 1.34
 1.25
Residential real estate1.84
 1.90
 1.98
 2.55
1.87
 1.90
 1.81
 1.84
Premium finance receivables—commercial0.90
 1.01
 1.05
 0.91
0.73
 0.62
 0.91
 0.90
Premium finance receivables—life insurance
 
 
 
0.18
 0.03
 0.11
 
Consumer and other0.50
 0.50
 0.28
 0.33
0.53
 0.44
 0.48
 0.50
Total non-performing loans0.44% 0.48% 0.49% 0.53%0.37% 0.33% 0.44% 0.44%
Total non-performing assets, as a percentage of total assets0.47% 0.52% 0.56% 0.63%0.42% 0.40% 0.50% 0.47%
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total non-performing loans141.58% 129.78% 125.39% 119.79%170.70% 187.68% 139.83% 141.58%
(1)
As of the dates shown, no TDRs were past due greater than 90 days and still accruing interest.
(2)Non-accrual loans included TDRs totaling $14.8$6.2 million, $16.3$5.1 million, $9.1$11.8 million and $10.1$14.8 million as of September 30, 2016,2017, June 30, 2016,2017, December 31, 20152016 and September 30, 20152016 respectively.

Management is pursuing the resolution of all credits in this category. At this time, management believes reserves are appropriate to absorb inherent losses that are expected upon the ultimate resolution of these credits.

Loan Portfolio Aging

The tables below show the aging of the Company’s loan portfolio at September 30, 20162017 and June 30, 2016:2017:
Nonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total LoansNonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
As of September 30, 2016
As of September 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)Nonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total LoansNonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other$15,809
 $
 $7,324
 $8,987
 $3,573,396
 $3,605,516
$12,281
 $
 $3,161
 $13,710
 $4,091,381
 $4,120,533
Franchise
 
 458
 1,626
 872,661
 874,745

 
 
 16,719
 836,997
 853,716
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit
 
 
 
 309,632
 309,632

 
 
 312
 194,058
 194,370
Asset-based lending234
 
 3,772
 3,741
 837,972
 845,719
1,141
 
 1,533
 4,515
 889,147
 896,336
Leases375
 
 239
 
 299,339
 299,953
509
 
 281
 1,194
 379,410
 381,394
PCI - commercial (1)

 1,783
 
 1,036
 13,160
 15,979

 1,489
 61
 
 8,135
 9,685
Total commercial16,418
 1,783
 11,793
 15,390
 5,906,160
 5,951,544
13,931
 1,489
 5,036
 36,450
 6,399,128
 6,456,034
Commercial real estate                      
Construction400
 
 
 3,775
 447,302
 451,477
1,607
 
 366
 2,064
 669,940
 673,977
Land1,208
 
 787
 300
 105,406
 107,701
196
 
 
 
 102,557
 102,753
Office3,609
 
 6,457
 8,062
 865,954
 884,082
5,148
 
 
 1,220
 874,583
 880,951
Industrial9,967
 
 940
 2,961
 753,636
 767,504
1,848
 
 137
 438
 834,062
 836,485
Retail909
 
 1,340
 8,723
 884,369
 895,341
2,200
 
 3,030
 3,674
 925,335
 934,239
Multi-family90
 
 3,051
 2,169
 789,645
 794,955
569
 
 68
 3,058
 861,290
 864,985
Mixed use and other6,442
 
 2,157
 5,184
 1,837,724
 1,851,507
3,310
 
 843
 3,561
 1,966,601
 1,974,315
PCI - commercial real estate (1)

 21,433
 1,509
 4,066
 129,109
 156,117

 8,443
 1,394
 2,940
 120,299
 133,076
Total commercial real estate22,625
 21,433
 16,241
 35,240
 5,813,145
 5,908,684
14,878
 8,443
 5,838
 16,955
 6,354,667
 6,400,781
Home equity9,309
 
 1,728
 3,842
 727,989
 742,868
7,581
 
 446
 2,590
 662,352
 672,969
Residential real estate, including PCI12,205
 1,496
 2,232
 1,088
 646,577
 663,598
14,743
 1,120
 2,055
 165
 771,416
 789,499
Premium finance receivables                      
Commercial insurance loans14,214
 7,754
 6,968
 10,291
 2,391,006
 2,430,233
9,827
 9,584
 7,421
 9,966
 2,628,114
 2,664,912
Life insurance loans
 
 9,960
 3,717
 3,006,795
 3,020,472

 6,740
 946
 6,937
 3,571,388
 3,586,011
PCI - life insurance loans (1)

 
 
 
 262,887
 262,887

 
 
 
 209,463
 209,463
Consumer and other, including PCI543
 124
 204
 871
 119,233
 120,975
540
 221
 242
 685
 131,424
 133,112
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$75,314
 $32,590
 $49,126
 $70,439
 $18,873,792
 $19,101,261
$61,500
 $27,597
 $21,984
 $73,748
 $20,727,952
 $20,912,781
Covered loans2,331
 4,806
 1,545
 2,456
 84,802
 95,940
1,936
 2,233
 1,074
 45
 41,313
 46,601
Total loans, net of unearned income$77,645
 $37,396
 $50,671
 $72,895
 $18,958,594
 $19,197,201
$63,436
 $29,830
 $23,058
 $73,793
 $20,769,265
 $20,959,382
Aging as a % of Loan Balance:
As of September 30, 2016
Nonaccrual 
90+ days
and still
accruing
 
60-89
days past
due
 
30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
Aging as a % of Loan Balance:
As of September 30, 2017
Nonaccrual 
90+ days
and still
accruing
 
60-89
days past
due
 
30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
Commercial                      
Commercial, industrial and other0.4% % 0.2% 0.2% 99.2% 100.0%0.3% % 0.1% 0.3% 99.3% 100.0%
Franchise
 
 0.1
 0.2
 99.7
 100.0

 
 
 2.0
 98.0
 100.0
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit
 
 
 
 100.0
 100.0

 
 
 0.2
 99.8
 100.0
Asset-based lending
 
 0.4
 0.4
 99.2
 100.0
0.1
 
 0.2
 0.5
 99.2
 100.0
Leases0.1
 
 0.1
 
 99.8
 100.0
0.1
 
 0.1
 0.3
 99.5
 100.0
PCI - commercial (1)

 11.2
 
 6.5
 82.3
 100.0

 15.4
 0.6
 
 84.0
 100.0
Total commercial0.3
 
 0.2
 0.3
 99.2
 100.0
0.2
 
 0.1
 0.6
 99.1
 100.0
Commercial real estate                      
Construction0.1
 
 
 0.8
 99.1
 100.0
0.2
 
 0.1
 0.3
 99.4
 100.0
Land1.1
 
 0.7
 0.3
 97.9
 100.0
0.2
 
 
 
 99.8
 100.0
Office0.4
 
 0.7
 0.9
 98.0
 100.0
0.6
 
 
 0.1
 99.3
 100.0
Industrial1.3
 
 0.1
 0.4
 98.2
 100.0
0.2
 
 
 0.1
 99.7
 100.0
Retail0.1
 
 0.1
 1.0
 98.8
 100.0
0.2
 
 0.3
 0.4
 99.1
 100.0
Multi-family
 
 0.4
 0.3
 99.3
 100.0
0.1
 
 
 0.4
 99.5
 100.0
Mixed use and other0.3
 
 0.1
 0.3
 99.3
 100.0
0.2
 
 
 0.2
 99.6
 100.0
PCI - commercial real estate (1)

 13.7
 1.0
 2.6
 82.7
 100.0

 6.3
 1.0
 2.2
 90.5
 100.0
Total commercial real estate0.4
 0.4
 0.3
 0.6
 98.3
 100.0
0.2
 0.1
 0.1
 0.3
 99.3
 100.0
Home equity1.3
 
 0.2
 0.5
 98.0
 100.0
1.1
 
 0.1
 0.4
 98.4
 100.0
Residential real estate, including PCI1.8
 0.2
 0.3
 0.2
 97.5
 100.0
1.9
 0.1
 0.3
 
 97.7
 100.0
Premium finance receivables                      
Commercial insurance loans0.6
 0.3
 0.3
 0.4
 98.4
 100.0
0.4
 0.4
 0.3
 0.4
 98.5
 100.0
Life insurance loans
 
 0.3
 0.1
 99.6
 100.0

 0.2
 
 0.2
 99.6
 100.0
PCI - life insurance loans (1)

 
 
 
 100.0
 100.0

 
 
 
 100.0
 100.0
Consumer and other, including PCI0.4
 0.1
 0.2
 0.7
 98.6
 100.0
0.4
 0.2
 0.2
 0.5
 98.7
 100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans0.4% 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 98.7% 100.0%0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.4% 99.1% 100.0%
Covered loans2.4
 5.0
 1.6
 2.6
 88.4
 100.0
4.2
 4.8
 2.3
 0.1
 88.6
 100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income0.4% 0.2% 0.3% 0.4% 98.7% 100.0%0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.4% 99.1% 100.0%
(1)
PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

Nonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total LoansNonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
As of June 30, 2016
As of June 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)Nonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total LoansNonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
Loan Balances:
Commercial
Commercial, industrial and other$16,414
 $
 $1,412
 $22,317
 $3,416,432
 $3,456,575
$8,720
 $
 $5,917
 $12,658
 $4,067,237
 $4,094,532
Franchise
 
 560
 87
 289,258
 289,905

 
 
 
 838,394
 838,394
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit
 
 
 
 270,586
 270,586

 
 
 2,361
 232,282
 234,643
Asset-based lending
 235
 1,899
 6,421
 834,112
 842,667
936
 
 983
 7,293
 862,694
 871,906
Leases387
 
 48
 
 267,639
 268,074
535
 
 
 60
 356,009
 356,604
PCI - commercial (1)

 1,956
 630
 1,426
 12,714
 16,726

 1,572
 162
 
 8,476
 10,210
Total commercial16,801
 2,191
 4,549
 30,251
 5,090,741
 5,144,533
10,191
 1,572
 7,062
 22,372
 6,365,092
 6,406,289
Commercial real estate                      
Construction673
 
 46
 7,922
 396,264
 404,905
2,408
 
 
 
 707,179
 709,587
Land1,725
 
 
 340
 103,816
 105,881
202
 
 
 6,455
 105,496
 112,153
Office6,274
 
 5,452
 4,936
 892,791
 909,453
4,806
 
 607
 7,725
 874,546
 887,684
Industrial10,295
 
 1,108
 719
 754,647
 766,769
2,193
 
 
 709
 789,889
 792,791
Retail916
 
 535
 6,450
 889,945
 897,846
1,635
 
 
 15,081
 903,778
 920,494
Multi-family90
 
 2,077
 1,275
 775,075
 778,517
354
 
 
 1,186
 813,058
 814,598
Mixed use and other4,442
 
 4,285
 8,007
 1,795,931
 1,812,665
5,382
 
 713
 7,590
 2,005,265
 2,018,950
PCI - commercial real estate (1)

 27,228
 1,663
 2,608
 140,799
 172,298

 8,768
 322
 3,303
 133,844
 146,237
Total commercial real estate24,415
 27,228
 15,166
 32,257
 5,749,268
 5,848,334
16,980
 8,768
 1,642
 42,049
 6,333,055
 6,402,494
Home equity8,562
 
 380
 4,709
 747,253
 760,904
9,482
 
 855
 2,858
 676,288
 689,483
Residential real estate, including PCI12,413
 1,479
 1,367
 299
 638,106
 653,664
14,292
 775
 1,273
 300
 746,170
 762,810
Premium finance receivables                      
Commercial insurance loans14,497
 10,558
 6,966
 9,456
 2,436,803
 2,478,280
10,456
 5,922
 4,951
 11,713
 2,615,344
 2,648,386
Life insurance loans
 
 46,651
 11,953
 2,811,356
 2,869,960

 1,046
 
 16,977
 3,474,686
 3,492,709
PCI - life insurance loans (1)

 
 
 
 291,602
 291,602

 
 
 
 226,334
 226,334
Consumer and other, including PCI475
 226
 610
 1,451
 124,616
 127,378
439
 125
 331
 515
 113,417
 114,827
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans$77,163
 $41,682
 $75,689
 $90,376
 $17,889,745
 $18,174,655
$61,840
 $18,208
 $16,114
 $96,784
 $20,550,386
 $20,743,332
Covered loans2,651
 6,810
 697
 1,610
 93,480
 105,248
1,961
 2,504
 113
 598
 44,943
 50,119
Total loans, net of unearned income$79,814
 $48,492
 $76,386
 $91,986
 $17,983,225
 $18,279,903
$63,801
 $20,712
 $16,227
 $97,382
 $20,595,329
 $20,793,451
Aging as a % of Loan Balance:
As of June 30, 2016
Nonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
Aging as a % of Loan Balance:
As of June 30, 2017
Nonaccrual 90+ days
and still
accruing
 60-89
days past
due
 30-59
days past
due
 Current Total Loans
Commercial                      
Commercial, industrial and other0.5% % % 0.6% 98.9% 100.0%0.2% % 0.1% 0.3% 99.4% 100.0%
Franchise
 
 0.2
 
 99.8
 100.0

 
 
 
 100.0
 100.0
Mortgage warehouse lines of credit
 
 
 
 100.0
 100.0

 
 
 1.0
 99.0
 100.0
Asset-based lending
 
 0.2
 0.8
 99.0
 100.0
0.1
 
 0.1
 0.8
 99.0
 100.0
Leases0.1
 
 
 
 99.9
 100.0
0.2
 
 
 
 99.8
 100.0
PCI - commercial (1)

 11.7
 3.8
 8.5
 76.0
 100.0

 15.4
 1.6
 
 83.0
 100.0
Total commercial0.3
 
 0.1
 0.6
 99.0
 100.0
0.2
 
 0.1
 0.3
 99.4
 100.0
Commercial real estate                      
Construction0.2
 
 
 2.0
 97.8
 100.0
0.3
 
 
 
 99.7
 100.0
Land1.6
 
 
 0.3
 98.1
 100.0
0.2
 
 
 5.8
 94.0
 100.0
Office0.7
 
 0.6
 0.5
 98.2
 100.0
0.5
 
 0.1
 0.9
 98.5
 100.0
Industrial1.3
 
 0.1
 0.1
 98.5
 100.0
0.3
 
 
 0.1
 99.6
 100.0
Retail0.1
 
 0.1
 0.7
 99.1
 100.0
0.2
 
 
 1.6
 98.2
 100.0
Multi-family
 
 0.3
 0.2
 99.5
 100.0

 
 
 0.1
 99.9
 100.0
Mixed use and other0.2
 
 0.2
 0.4
 99.2
 100.0
0.3
 
 
 0.4
 99.3
 100.0
PCI - commercial real estate (1)

 15.8
 1.0
 1.5
 81.7
 100.0

 6.0
 0.2
 2.3
 91.5
 100.0
Total commercial real estate0.4
 0.5
 0.3
 0.6
 98.2
 100.0
0.3
 0.1
 
 0.7
 98.9
 100.0
Home equity1.1
 
 
 0.6
 98.3
 100.0
1.4
 
 0.1
 0.4
 98.1
 100.0
Residential real estate, including PCI1.9
 0.2
 0.2
 
 97.7
 100.0
1.9
 0.1
 0.2
 
 97.8
 100.0
Premium finance receivables                      
Commercial insurance loans0.6
 0.4
 0.3
 0.4
 98.3
 100.0
0.4
 0.2
 0.2
 0.4
 98.8
 100.0
Life insurance loans
 
 1.6
 0.4
 98.0
 100.0

 
 
 0.5
 99.5
 100.0
PCI - life insurance loans (1)

 
 
 
 100.0
 100.0

 
 
 
 100.0
 100.0
Consumer and other, including PCI0.4
 0.2
 0.5
 1.1
 97.8
 100.0
0.4
 0.1
 0.3
 0.4
 98.8
 100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans0.4% 0.2% 0.4% 0.5% 98.5% 100.0%0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.5% 99.0% 100.0%
Covered loans2.5
 6.5
 0.7
 1.5
 88.8
 100.0
3.9
 5.0
 0.2
 1.2
 89.7
 100.0
Total loans, net of unearned income0.4% 0.3% 0.4% 0.5% 98.4% 100.0%0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 0.5% 99.0% 100.0%
(1)
PCI loans represent loans acquired with evidence of credit quality deterioration since origination, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Loan agings are based upon contractually required payments.

As of September 30, 2016, $49.12017, $22.0 million of all loans, excluding covered loans, or 0.3%0.1%, were 60 to 89 days past due and $70.4$73.7 million or 0.4%, were 30 to 59 days (or one payment) past due. As of June 30, 2016, $75.72017, $16.1 million of all loans, excluding covered loans, or 0.4%0.1%, were 60 to 89 days past due and $90.4$96.8 million, or 0.5%, were 30 to 59 days (or one payment) past due. Many of the commercial and commercial real estate loans shown as 60 to 89 days and 30 to 59 days past due are included on the Company’s internal problem loan reporting system. Loans on this system are closely monitored by management on a monthly basis.

The Company's home equity and residential loan portfolios continue to exhibit low delinquency ratios. Home equity loans at September 30, 20162017 that were current with regard to the contractual terms of the loan agreement represent 98.0%98.4% of the total home equity portfolio. Residential real estate loans at September 30, 20162017 that were current with regards to the contractual terms of the loan agreements comprise 97.5%97.7% of total residential real estate loans outstanding.

NonperformingNon-performing Loans Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of non-performing loans, excluding covered loans and PCI loans, for the periods presented:     
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,September 30, September 30, September 30, September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016 2017 2016
Balance at beginning of period$88,119
 $76,554
 $84,057
 $78,677
$69,050
 $88,119
 $87,454
 $84,057
Additions, net9,522
 24,333
 32,039
 42,141
10,622
 9,522
 30,119
 32,039
Return to performing status(231) (1,028) (3,110) (2,591)(603) (231) (3,170) (3,110)
Payments received(5,235) (5,468) (13,353) (16,417)(6,633) (5,235) (22,931) (13,353)
Transfer to OREO and other repossessed assets(2,270) (1,773) (6,168) (8,678)(1,072) (2,270) (5,276) (6,168)
Charge-offs(3,353) (4,081) (6,829) (8,637)(2,295) (3,353) (7,919) (6,829)
Net change for niche loans (1)
(3,424) (2,561) (3,508) 1,481
8,914
 (3,424) (294) (3,508)
Balance at end of period$83,128
 $85,976
 $83,128
 $85,976
$77,983
 $83,128
 $77,983
 $83,128
(1)
This includes activity for premium finance receivables and indirect consumer loans.

PCI loans are excluded from non-performing loans as they continue to earn interest income from the related accretable yield, independent of performance with contractual terms of the loan. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 for further discussion of non-performing loans and the loan aging during the respective periods.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of the probable and reasonably estimable loan losses that our loan portfolio is expected to incur. The allowance for loan losses is determined quarterly using a methodology that incorporates important risk characteristics of each loan, as described below under “How We Determine the Allowance for Credit Losses” in this Item 2. This process is subject to review at each of our bank subsidiaries by the applicable regulatory authority, including the FRB of Chicago, the OCC, the State of Illinois and the State of Wisconsin.

Management determined that the allowance for loan losses was appropriate at September 30, 2016,2017, and that the loan portfolio is well diversified and well secured, without undue concentration in any specific risk area. While this process involves a high degree of management judgment, the allowance for credit losses is based on a comprehensive, well documented, and consistently applied analysis of the Company’s loan portfolio. This analysis takes into consideration all available information existing as of the financial statement date, including environmental factors such as economic, industry, geographical and political factors. The relative level of allowance for credit losses is reviewed and compared to industry peers. This review encompasses levels of total nonperformingnon-performing loans, portfolio mix, portfolio concentrations, current geographic risks and overall levels of net charge-offs. Historical trending of both the Company’s results and the industry peers is also reviewed to analyze comparative significance.


Allowance for Credit Losses, excluding covered loans

The following table summarizes the activity in our allowance for credit losses during the periods indicated.
 
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Allowance for loan losses at beginning of period$114,356
 $100,204
 $105,400
 $91,705
$129,591
 $114,356
 $122,291
 $105,400
Provision for credit losses9,741
 8,665
 27,433
 24,551
7,942
 9,741
 22,210
 27,433
Other adjustments(112) (153) (324) (494)(39) (112) (125) (324)
Reclassification (to) from allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments(579) (42) (700) (151)
Reclassification to allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments94
 (579) 62
 (700)
Charge-offs:              
Commercial3,469
 964
 4,861
 2,884
2,265
 3,469
 3,819
 4,861
Commercial real estate382
 1,948
 1,555
 3,809
989
 382
 3,235
 1,555
Home equity574
 1,116
 3,672
 3,547
968
 574
 3,224
 3,672
Residential real estate134
 1,138
 1,320
 2,692
267
 134
 742
 1,320
Premium finance receivables—commercial1,959
 1,595
 6,350
 4,384
1,716
 1,959
 5,021
 6,350
Premium finance receivables—life insurance
 
 
 

 
 
 
Consumer and other389
 116
 720
 342
213
 389
 522
 720
Total charge-offs6,907
 6,877
 18,478
 17,658
6,418
 6,907
 16,563
 18,478
Recoveries:              
Commercial176
 462
 926
 1,117
801
 176
 1,635
 926
Commercial real estate364
 213
 1,029
 2,349
323
 364
 1,153
 1,029
Home equity65
 42
 184
 129
178
 65
 387
 184
Residential real estate61
 136
 204
 228
55
 61
 287
 204
Premium finance receivables—commercial456
 278
 1,876
 1,065
499
 456
 1,515
 1,876
Premium finance receivables—life insurance
 16
 
 16

 
 
 
Consumer and other72
 52
 143
 139
93
 72
 267
 143
Total recoveries1,194
 1,199
 4,362
 5,043
1,949
 1,194
 5,244
 4,362
Net charge-offs(5,713) (5,678) (14,116) (12,615)(4,469) (5,713) (11,319) (14,116)
Allowance for loan losses at period end$117,693
 $102,996
 $117,693
 $102,996
$133,119
 $117,693
 $133,119
 $117,693
Allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments at period end1,648
 926
 1,648
 926
1,276
 1,648
 1,276
 1,648
Allowance for credit losses at period end$119,341
 $103,922
 $119,341
 $103,922
$134,395
 $119,341
 $134,395
 $119,341
Annualized net charge-offs by category as a percentage of its own respective category’s average:              
Commercial0.24% 0.05% 0.10% 0.06%0.09% 0.24% 0.05% 0.10%
Commercial real estate0.00
 0.13
 0.01
 0.04
0.04
 0.00
 0.04
 0.01
Home equity0.27
 0.55
 0.61
 0.62
0.46
 0.27
 0.54
 0.61
Residential real estate0.03
 0.42
 0.14
 0.37
0.08
 0.03
 0.06
 0.14
Premium finance receivables—commercial0.24
 0.21
 0.25
 0.18
0.18
 0.24
 0.18
 0.25
Premium finance receivables—life insurance0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
0.00
 0.00
 0.00
 0.00
Consumer and other0.92
 0.17
 0.56
 0.17
0.37
 0.92
 0.27
 0.56
Total loans, net of unearned income, excluding covered loans0.12% 0.14% 0.10% 0.11%0.08% 0.12% 0.07% 0.10%
Net charge-offs as a percentage of the provision for credit losses58.65% 65.53% 51.46% 51.39%56.27% 58.65% 50.96% 51.46%
Loans at period-end, excluding covered loans$19,101,261
 $16,316,211
    $20,912,781
 $19,101,261
    
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of loans at period end0.62% 0.63%    0.64% 0.62%    
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of loans at period end0.62% 0.64%    0.64% 0.62%    

The allowance for credit losses, excluding the allowance for covered loan losses, is comprised of an allowance for loan losses, which is determined with respect to loans that we have originated, and an allowance for lending-related commitments. Our allowance for lending-related commitments is determined with respect to funds that we have committed to lend but for which funds have not yet been disbursed and is computed using a methodology similar to that used to determine the allowance for loan losses. The allowance for unfunded lending-related commitments totaled $1.6$1.3 million and $926,000$1.6 million as of September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 2015,2016, respectively.


Additions to the allowance for loan losses are charged to earnings through the provision for credit losses. Charge-offs represent the amount of loans that have been determined to be uncollectible during a given period, and are deducted from the allowance for loan losses, and recoveries represent the amount of collections received from loans that had previously been charged off, and are credited to the allowance for loan losses. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for further discussion of activity within the allowance for loan losses during the period and the relationship with respective loan balances for each loan category and the total loan portfolio, excluding covered loans.

How We Determine the Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for loan losses includes an element for estimated probable but undetected losses and for imprecision in the credit risk models used to calculate the allowance. If the loan is impaired, the Company analyzes the loan for purposes of calculating our specific impairment reserves as part of the Problem Loan Reporting system review. A general reserve is separately determined for loans not considered impaired. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for further discussion of the specific impairment reserve and general reserve as it relates to the allowance for credit losses for each loan category and the total loan portfolio, excluding covered loans.

Specific Impairment Reserves:

Loans with a credit risk rating of a 6 through 9 are reviewed on a monthly basis to determine if (a) an amount is deemed uncollectible (a charge-off) or (b) it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect amounts due in accordance with the original contractual terms of the loan (impaired loan). If a loan is impaired, the carrying amount of the loan is compared to the expected payments to be reserved,received, discounted at the loan’s original rate, or for collateral dependent loans, to the fair value of the collateral less the estimated cost to sell. Any shortfall is recorded as a specific impairment reserve.

At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had $90.5$78.6 million of impaired loans with $39.0$30.9 million of this balance requiring $6.8$7.2 million of specific impairment reserves. At June 30, 2016,2017, the Company had $96.0$79.3 million of impaired loans with $43.0$29.0 million of this balance requiring $6.6$5.6 million of specific impairment reserves. The most significant fluctuations in the recorded investment of impaired loans with specific impairment from June 30, 20162017 to September 30, 20162017 occurred within the commercial, industrial and other portfolio. The recorded investment and specific impairment reserves in this portfolio decreased $4.8increased by $4.3 million and $1.4$2.7 million, respectively, which was primarily the result of three loans being charged off in the amount ofone loan becoming non-performing and requiring $2.0 million during the third quarter of 2016.specific impairment reserves. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for further discussion of impaired loans and the related specific impairment reserve.

General Reserves:

For loans with a credit risk rating of 1 through 7 that are not considered impaired loans, reserves are established based on the type of loan collateral, if any, and the assigned credit risk rating. Determination of the allowance is inherently subjective as it requires significant estimates, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on the average historical loss experience over a six-year period, and consideration of current environmental factors and economic trends, all of which may be susceptible to significant change.

We determine this component of the allowance for loan losses by classifying each loan into (i) categories based on the type of collateral that secures the loan (if any), and (ii) one of ten categories based on the credit risk rating of the loan, as described above under “Past Due Loans and Non-Performing Assets” in this Item 2. Each combination of collateral and credit risk rating is then assigned a specific loss factor that incorporates the following factors:

historical loss experience;

changes in lending policies and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices not considered elsewhere in estimating credit losses;

changes in national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments that affect the collectibility of the portfolio;

changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio and in the terms of the loans;

changes in the experience, ability, and depth of lending management and other relevant staff;


changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accrual loans, and the volume and severity of adversely classified or graded loans;

changes in the quality of the bank’s loan review system;

changes in the underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans;

the existence and effect of any concentrations of credit, and changes in the level of such concentrations; and

the effect of other external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the bank’s existing portfolio.

In the second quarter of 2012, the Company modified its historical loss experience analysis from incorporating five-year average loss rate assumptions to incorporating three−year average loss rate assumptions. The reason for the migration at that time was charge-off rates from earlier years in the five-year period were no longer relevant as that period was characterized by historically low credit losses which then built up to a peak in credit losses as a result of the stressed economic environment and depressed real estate valuations that affected both the U.S. economy, generally, and the Company’s local markets.

In the third quarter of 2015 and 2016,2017, the Company modified its historical loss experience analysis by incorporating five-year and six-yearseven-year average loss rate assumptions, respectively, for its historical loss experience to capture an extended credit cycle. The current six−yearseven-year average loss rate assumption analysis is computed for each of the Company’s collateral codes. The historical loss experience is combined with the specific loss factor for each combination of collateral and credit risk rating which is then applied to each individual loan balance to determine an appropriate general reserve. The historical loss rates are updated on a quarterly basis and are driven by the performance of the portfolio and any changes to the specific loss factors are driven by management judgment and analysis of the factors described above. The Company also analyzes the three-, four-, five- and five-yearsix-year average historical loss rates on a quarterly basis as a comparison.

Home Equity and Residential Real Estate Loans:

The determination of the appropriate allowance for loan losses for residential real estate and home equity loans differs slightly from the process used for commercial and commercial real estate loans. The same credit risk rating system, Problem Loan Reporting system, collateral coding methodology and loss factor assignment are used. The only significant difference is in how the credit risk ratings are assigned to these loans.

The home equity loan portfolio is reviewed on a loan by loan basis by analyzing current FICO scores of the borrowers, line availability, recent line usage, an approaching maturity and the aging status of the loan. Certain of these factors, or combination of these factors, may cause a portion of the credit risk ratings of home equity loans across all banks to be downgraded. Similar to commercial and commercial real estate loans, once a home equity loan’s credit risk rating is downgraded to a 6 through 9, the Company’s Managed Asset Division reviews and advises the subsidiary banks as to collateral valuations and as to the ultimate resolution of the credits that deteriorate to a non-accrual status to minimize losses.

Residential real estate loans that are downgraded to a credit risk rating of 6 through 9 also enter the problem loan reporting system and have the underlying collateral evaluated by the Managed Assets Division.

Premium Finance Receivables:

The determination of the appropriate allowance for loan losses for premium finance receivables is based on the assigned credit risk rating of loans in the portfolio. Loss factors are assigned to each risk rating in order to calculate an allowance for credit losses. The allowance for loan losses for these categories is entirely a general reserve.

Methodology in Assessing Impairment and Charge-off Amounts

In determining the amount of impairment or charge-offs associated with collateral dependent loans, the Company values the loan generally by starting with a valuation obtained from an appraisal of the underlying collateral and then deducting estimated selling costs to arrive at a net appraised value. We obtain the appraisals of the underlying collateral typically on an annual basis from one of a pre-approved list of independent, third party appraisal firms. Types of appraisal valuations include “as-is,” “as-complete,” “as-stabilized,” bulk, fair market, liquidation and “retail sellout” values.


In many cases, the Company simultaneously values the underlying collateral by marketing the property to market participants interested in purchasing properties of the same type. If the Company receives offers or indications of interest, we will analyze the price and review market conditions to assess whether in light of such information the appraised value overstates the likely price and that a lower price would be a better assessment of the market value of the property and would enable us to liquidate the collateral. Additionally, the Company takes into account the strength of any guarantees and the ability of the borrower to provide value related to those guarantees in determining the ultimate charge-off or reserve associated with any impaired loans. Accordingly, the Company may charge-off a loan to a value below the net appraised value if it believes that an expeditious liquidation is desirable

in the circumstance and it has legitimate offers or other indications of interest to support a value that is less than the net appraised value. Alternatively, the Company may carry a loan at a value that is in excess of the appraised value if the Company has a guarantee from a borrower that the Company believes has realizable value. In evaluating the strength of any guarantee, the Company evaluates
the financial wherewithal of the guarantor, the guarantor’s reputation, and the guarantor’s willingness and desire to work with the Company. The Company then conducts a review of the strength of a guarantee on a frequency established as the circumstances and conditions of the borrower warrant.

In circumstances where the Company has received an appraisal but has no third party offers or indications of interest, the Company may enlist the input of realtors in the local market as to the highest valuation that the realtor believes would result in a liquidation of the property given a reasonable marketing period of approximately 90 days. To the extent that the realtors’ indication of market clearing price under such scenario is less than the net appraised valuation, the Company may take a charge-off on the loan to a valuation that is less than the net appraised valuation.

The Company may also charge-off a loan below the net appraised valuation if the Company holds a junior mortgage position in a piece of collateral whereby the risk to acquiring control of the property through the purchase of the senior mortgage position is deemed to potentially increase the risk of loss upon liquidation due to the amount of time to ultimately market the property and the volatile market conditions. In such cases, the Company may abandon its junior mortgage and charge-off the loan balance in full.

In other cases, the Company may allow the borrower to conduct a “short sale,” which is a sale where the Company allows the borrower to sell the property at a value less than the amount of the loan. Many times, it is possible for the current owner to receive a better price than if the property is marketed by a financial institution which the market place perceives to have a greater desire to liquidate the property at a lower price. To the extent that we allow a short sale at a price below the value indicated by an appraisal, we may take a charge-off beyond the value that an appraisal would have indicated.

Other market conditions may require a reserve to bring the carrying value of the loan below the net appraised valuation such as litigation surrounding the borrower and/or property securing our loan or other market conditions impacting the value of the collateral.

Having determined the net value based on the factors such as those noted above and compared that value to the book value of the loan, the Company arrives at a charge-off amount or a specific reserve included in the allowance for loan losses. In summary, for collateral dependent loans, appraisals are used as the fair value starting point in the estimate of net value. Estimated costs to sell are deducted from the appraised value to arrive at the net appraised value. Although an external appraisal is the primary source of valuation utilized for charge-offs on collateral dependent loans, alternative sources of valuation may become available between appraisal dates. As a result, we may utilize values obtained through these alternating sources, which include purchase and sale agreements, legitimate indications of interest, negotiated short sales, realtor price opinions, sale of the note or support from guarantors, as the basis for charge-offs. These alternative sources of value are used only if deemed to be more representative of value based on updated information regarding collateral resolution. In addition, if an appraisal is not deemed current, a discount to appraised value may be utilized. Any adjustments from appraised value to net value are detailed and justified in an impairment analysis, which is reviewed and approved by the Company’s Managed Assets Division.


TDRs

At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had $44.3$33.2 million in loans modified in TDRs. The $44.3$33.2 million in TDRs represents 8978 credits in which economic concessions were granted to certain borrowers to better align the terms of their loans with their current ability to pay. The balance decreasedincreased from $49.6$33.1 million representing 9777 credits at June 30, 20162017 and decreased from $59.3$44.3 million representing 11489 credits at September 30, 2015.2016.

Concessions were granted on a case-by-case basis working with these borrowers to find modified terms that would assist them in retaining their businesses or their homes and attempt to keep these loans in an accruing status for the Company. Typical concessions include reduction of the interest rate on the loan to a rate considered lower than market and other modification of terms including forgiveness of a portion of the loan balance, extension of the maturity date, and/or modifications from principal and interest payments to interest-only payments for a certain period. See Note 7 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report for further discussion regarding the effectiveness of these modifications in keeping the modified loans current based upon contractual terms.

Subsequent to its restructuring, any TDR that becomes nonaccrual or more than 90 days past-due and still accruing interest will be included in the Company’s nonperformingnon-performing loans. Each TDR was reviewed for impairment at September 30, 20162017 and approximately $2.8$1.2 million of impairment was present and appropriately reserved for through the Company’s normal reserving

methodology in the Company’s allowance for loan losses. Additionally, at September 30, 2016,2017, the Company was not committed to lend additional $408,000 funds to borrowers under the contractual terms of TDRs.

The table below presents a summary of restructured loans for the respective periods, presented by loan category and accrual status:
 
September 30, June 30, September 30,September 30, June 30, September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2016 20152017 2017 2016
Accruing TDRs:          
Commercial$2,285
 $3,931
 $5,717
$3,774
 $3,886
 $2,285
Commercial real estate22,261
 24,450
 39,867
16,475
 17,349
 22,261
Residential real estate and other4,894
 4,929
 3,589
6,723
 6,773
 4,894
Total accruing TDRs$29,440
 $33,310
 $49,173
$26,972
 $28,008
 $29,440
Non-accrual TDRs: (1)
          
Commercial$2,134
 $1,477
 $147
$2,493
 $1,110
 $2,134
Commercial real estate10,610
 12,240
 5,778
1,492
 1,839
 10,610
Residential real estate and other2,092
 2,608
 4,222
2,226
 2,134
 2,092
Total non-accrual TDRs$14,836
 $16,325
 $10,147
$6,211
 $5,083
 $14,836
Total TDRs:          
Commercial$4,419
 $5,408
 $5,864
$6,267
 $4,996
 $4,419
Commercial real estate32,871
 36,690
 45,645
17,967
 19,188
 32,871
Residential real estate and other6,986
 7,537
 7,811
8,949
 8,907
 6,986
Total TDRs$44,276
 $49,635
 $59,320
$33,183
 $33,091
 $44,276
Weighted-average contractual interest rate of TDRs4.33% 4.31% 4.04%4.39% 4.28% 4.33%
(1)
Included in total non-performing loans.





TDR Rollforward

The tables below present a summary of TDRs as of September 30, 20162017 and September 30, 2015,2016, and shows the changes in the balance during those periods:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial Commercial
Real Estate
 Residential
Real Estate
and Other
 Total
Balance at beginning of period$4,996
 $19,188
 $8,907
 $33,091
Additions during the period1,407
 
 256
 1,663
Reductions:       
Charge-offs
 
 (31) (31)
Transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets
 (160) (69) (229)
Removal of TDR loan status (1)

 
 
 
Payments received(136) (1,061) (114) (1,311)
Balance at period end$6,267
 $17,967
 $8,949
 $33,183
(1)
Loan was previously classified as a TDR and subsequently performed in compliance with the loan's modifiedterms for a period of six months (including over a calendar year-end) at a modified interest rate which represented a market rate at the time of restructuring. Per our TDR policy, the TDR classification is removed.


Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate

Residential
Real Estate
and Other

Total
Balance at beginning of period$5,408
 $36,690
 $7,537
 $49,635
Additions during the period28
 
 43
 71
Reductions:       
Charge-offs(761) (204) 
 (965)
Transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets
 (681) (535) (1,216)
Removal of TDR loan status (1)

 (1,323) 
 (1,323)
Payments received(256) (1,611) (59) (1,926)
Balance at period end$4,419
 $32,871
 $6,986
 $44,276
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial
Commercial
Real Estate

Residential
Real Estate
and Other

Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial Commercial
Real Estate
 Residential
Real Estate
and Other
 Total
Balance at beginning of period$6,204
 $48,450
 $8,122
 $62,776
$6,130
 $28,146
 $7,432
 $41,708
Additions during the period
 
 222
 222
1,502
 1,245
 2,639
 5,386
Reductions:              
Charge-offs
 (267) (52) (319)(315) (925) (108) (1,348)
Transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets
 
 (175) (175)
 (770) (165) (935)
Removal of TDR loan status (1)
(234) (1,581) -
 (1,815)(610) (2,331) 
 (2,941)
Payments received(106) (957) (306) (1,369)(440) (7,398) (849) (8,687)
Balance at period end$5,864
 $45,645
 $7,811
 $59,320
$6,267
 $17,967
 $8,949
 $33,183
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial Commercial
Real Estate
 Residential
Real Estate
and Other
 Total
Balance at beginning of period$5,747
 $38,707
 $7,399
 $51,853
Additions during the period345
 8,521
 583
 9,449
Reductions:       
Charge-offs(781) (1,038) (212) (2,031)
Transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets
 (1,365) (535) (1,900)
Removal of TDR loan status (1)

 (6,479) 
 (6,479)
Payments received(892) (5,475) (249) (6,616)
Balance at period end$4,419
 $32,871
 $6,986
 $44,276
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
(Dollars in thousands)
Commercial Commercial
Real Estate
 Residential
Real Estate
and Other
 Total
Balance at beginning of period$7,576
 $67,623
 $7,076
 $82,275
Additions during the period
 169
 1,664
 1,833
Reductions:       
Charge-offs(397) (268) (92) (757)
Transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets(562) (2,290) (279) (3,131)
Removal of TDR loan status (1)(471) (10,151) 
 (10,622)
Payments received(282) (9,438) (558) (10,278)
Balance at period end$5,864
 $45,645
 $7,811
 $59,320

(1)
Loan was previously classified as a TDR and subsequently performed in compliance with the loan's modified terms for a period of six months (including over a calendar year-end) at a modified interest rate which represented a market rate at the time of restructuring. Per our TDR policy, the TDR classification is removed.


Other Real Estate Owned

In certain circumstances, the Company is required to take action against the real estate collateral of specific loans. The Company uses foreclosure only as a last resort for dealing with borrowers experiencing financial hardships. The Company employs extensive contact and restructuring procedures to attempt to find other solutions for our borrowers. The tables below present a summary of other real estate owned, excluding covered other real estate owned, and shows the activity for the respective periods and the balance for each property type:
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
 September 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Balance at beginning of period$38,063
 $42,080
 $43,945
 $45,642
$39,361
 $38,063
 $40,282
 $43,945
Disposal/resolved(5,967) (7,611) (19,324) (20,532)(2,391) (5,967) (9,305) (19,324)
Transfers in at fair value, less costs to sell3,958
 6,159
 8,558
 16,402
898
 3,958
 7,131
 8,558
Transfers in from covered OREO subsequent to loss share expiration
 7,316
 3,300
 7,316

 
 760
 3,300
Additions from acquisition
 4,617
 1,064
 5,378

 
 
 1,064
Fair value adjustments(1,004) (681) (2,493) (2,326)(490) (1,004) (1,490) (2,493)
Balance at end of period$35,050
 $51,880
 $35,050
 $51,880
$37,378
 $35,050
 $37,378
 $35,050
 
Period EndPeriod End
(Dollars in thousands)September 30,
2016
 June 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 June 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Residential real estate$9,602
 $9,153
 $12,577
$7,236
 $7,684
 $9,602
Residential real estate development2,114
 2,133
 3,147
676
 755
 2,114
Commercial real estate23,334
 26,777
 36,156
29,466
 30,922
 23,334
Total$35,050
 $38,063
 $51,880
$37,378
 $39,361
 $35,050


Deposits

Total deposits at September 30, 20162017 were $21.1$22.9 billion, an increase of $2.9$1.7 billion, or 16%8%, compared to total deposits at September 30, 2015.2016. See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report for a summary of period end deposit balances.

The following table sets forth, by category, the maturity of time certificates of deposit as of September 30, 2016:2017:
Time Certificates of Deposit
Maturity/Re-pricing Analysis
As of September 30, 2016

(Dollars in thousands)
 
CDARs &
Brokered
Certificates
of Deposit (1)
 
MaxSafe
Certificates
of Deposit (1)
 
Variable Rate
Certificates
of Deposit (2)
 
Other Fixed
Rate Certificates
of Deposit (1)
 
Total Time
Certificates of
Deposits
 
Weighted-Average
Rate of Maturing
Time Certificates
of Deposit (3)
Time Certificates of Deposit
Maturity/Re-pricing Analysis
As of September 30, 2017

(Dollars in thousands)
 
CDARs &
Brokered
Certificates
of Deposit (1)
 
MaxSafe
Certificates
of Deposit (1)
 
Variable Rate
Certificates
of Deposit (2)
 
Other Fixed
Rate Certificates
of Deposit (1)
 
Total Time
Certificates of
Deposits
 
Weighted-Average
Rate of Maturing
Time Certificates
of Deposit (3)
1-3 months $
 $53,575
 $138,228
 $697,340
 $889,143
 0.62% $1,253
 $40,644
 $128,579
 $851,813
 $1,022,289
 0.84%
4-6 months 
 33,497
 
 655,169
 688,666
 0.72% 1,493
 28,487
 
 892,779
 922,759
 0.97%
7-9 months 43,570
 24,529
 
 503,267
 571,366
 0.75% 59,737
 16,700
 
 736,366
 812,803
 1.05%
10-12 months 531
 21,464
 
 530,905
 552,900
 0.81% 
 20,191
 
 592,693
 612,884
 1.02%
13-18 months 2,744
 16,479
 
 1,016,558
 1,035,781
 1.10% 
 13,716
 
 765,773
 779,489
 1.28%
19-24 months 3,021
 8,259
 
 162,251
 173,531
 0.91% 249
 11,431
 
 208,626
 220,306
 1.43%
24+ months 1,249
 13,232
 
 275,609
 290,090
 1.29% 1,000
 15,892
 
 279,253
 296,145
 1.50%
Total $51,115
 $171,035
 $138,228
 $3,841,099
 $4,201,477
 0.86% $63,732
 $147,061
 $128,579
 $4,327,303
 $4,666,675
 1.07%
(1)This category of certificates of deposit is shown by contractual maturity date.
(2)This category includes variable rate certificates of deposit and savings certificates with the majority repricing on at least a monthly basis.
(3)Weighted-average rate excludes the impact of purchase accounting fair value adjustments.


The following table sets forth, by category, the composition of average deposit balances and the relative percentage of total average deposits for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
September 30, 2016 June 30, 2016 September 30, 2015September 30, 2017 June 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
(Dollars in thousands)Balance Percent Balance Percent Balance PercentBalance Percent Balance Percent Balance Percent
Non-interest bearing$5,566,983
 27% $5,223,384
 28% $4,473,632
 25%$6,419,326
 29% $5,904,679
 27% $5,566,982
 27%
NOW and interest bearing demand deposits2,502,388
 12
 2,383,125
 12
 2,219,654
 12
2,344,848
 10
 2,470,131
 11
 2,502,388
 12
Wealth management deposits2,092,115
 10
 1,585,607
 8
 1,532,766
 9
2,320,674
 10
 2,091,251
 10
 2,092,115
 10
Money market4,471,399
 22
 4,308,657
 22
 3,955,568
 22
4,471,342
 20
 4,435,670
 21
 4,471,399
 22
Savings1,914,408
 9
 1,803,421
 9
 1,676,084
 9
2,581,946
 11
 2,329,195
 11
 1,914,408
 9
Time certificates of deposit4,136,792
 20
 3,985,185
 21
 4,105,579
 23
4,573,081
 20
 4,295,427
 20
 4,136,791
 20
Total average deposits$20,684,085
 100% $19,289,379
 100% $17,963,283
 100%$22,711,217
 100% $21,526,353
 100% $20,684,083
 100%

Total average deposits for the third quarter of 20162017 were $20.7$22.7 billion, an increase of $2.7$2.0 billion, or 15%9.8%, from the third quarter of 2015.2016. The increase in average deposits is primarily attributable to additional deposits associated with the Company's bank acquisitions as well as increased commercial lending relationships. The Company continues to see a beneficial shift in its deposit mix as average non-interest bearing deposits increased $1.1 billion,$852.3 million, or 24%15.3%, in the third quarter of 20162017 compared to the third quarter of 20152016.

Wealth management deposits are funds from the brokerage customers of WHI, the trust and asset management customers of the Company and brokerage customers from unaffiliated companies which have been placed into deposit accounts of the banks (“wealth management deposits” in the table above). Wealth Management deposits consist primarily of money market accounts. Consistent with reasonable interest rate risk parameters, these funds have generally been invested in loan production of the banks as well as other investments suitable for banks.


Brokered Deposits

While the Company obtains a portion of its total deposits through brokered deposits, the Company does so primarily as an asset-liability management tool to assist in the management of interest rate risk. Therisk, and the Company does not consider brokered deposits to be a vital component of its current liquidity resources. Historically, brokered deposits have represented a small component of the Company’s total deposits outstanding, as set forth in the table below:
September 30, December 31,September 30, December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2015 2015 2014 20132017 2016 2016 2015 2014
Total deposits$21,147,655
 $18,228,469
 $18,639,634
 $16,281,844
 $14,668,789
$22,895,063
 $21,147,655
 $21,658,632
 $18,639,634
 $16,281,844
Brokered deposits1,142,679
 763,110
 862,026
 718,986
 476,139
1,280,492
 1,142,679
 1,159,475
 862,026
 718,986
Brokered deposits as a percentage of total deposits5.4% 4.2% 4.6% 4.4%��3.2%5.6% 5.4% 5.4% 4.6% 4.4%

Brokered deposits include certificates of deposit obtained through deposit brokers, deposits received through the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Program (“CDARS”), and wealth management deposits of brokerage customers from unaffiliated companies which have been placed into deposit accounts of the banks.

Other Funding Sources

Although deposits are the Company’s primary source of funding its interest-earning assets, the Company’s ability to manage the types and terms of deposits is somewhat limited by customer preferences and market competition. As a result, in addition to deposits and the issuance of equity securities and the retention of earnings, the Company uses several other funding sources to support its growth. These sources include short-term borrowings, notes payable, FHLB advances, subordinated debt, secured borrowings and junior subordinated debentures. The Company evaluates the terms and unique characteristics of each source, as well as its asset-liability management position, in determining the use of such funding sources.


The following table sets forth, by category, the composition of the average balances of other funding sources for the quarterly periods presented:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
September 30, June 30, September 30,September 30, June 30, September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2016 2016 20152017 2017 2016
FHLB advances$459,198
 $946,081
 $394,666
$324,996
 $689,600
 $459,198
Other borrowings:          
Notes payable59,896
 63,642
 74,959
44,878
 48,662
 59,896
Short-term borrowings36,615
 41,597
 63,111
34,674
 42,074
 36,615
Secured borrowings134,331
 124,317
 116,136
139,549
 131,582
 134,331
Other18,465
 18,677
 18,343
49,749
 18,229
 18,465
Total other borrowings$249,307
 $248,233
 $272,549
$268,850
 $240,547
 $249,307
Subordinated notes138,925
 138,898
 138,825
139,035
 139,007
 138,925
Junior subordinated debentures253,566
 253,566
 264,974
253,566
 253,566
 253,566
Total other funding sources$1,100,996
 $1,586,778
 $1,071,014
$986,447
 $1,322,720
 $1,100,996
FHLB advances provide the banks with access to fixed rate funds which are useful in mitigating interest rate risk and achieving an acceptable interest rate spread on fixed rate loans or securities. Additionally, the banks have the ability to borrow shorter-term, overnight funding from the FHLB for other general purposes. FHLB advances to the banks totaled $469.0 million at September 30, 2017, compared to $318.3 million at June 30, 2017 and $419.6 million at September 30, 2016, compared to $588.1 million at June 30, 2016 and $444.0 million at September 30, 2015.2016.

Notes payable balances represent the balances on a $150 million loan agreement with unaffiliated banks consisting of a $75.0 million revolving credit facility and a $75.0 million term facility. Both loan facilities are available for corporate purposes such as to provide capital to fund continued growth at existing bank subsidiaries, possible future acquisitions and for other general corporate matters. At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had a balance under the term facility of $56.2$41.2 million compared to $59.9$45.0 million at June 30, 20162017 and $71.3$56.2 million at September 30, 2015.2016. The Company was contractually required to borrow the entire amount of the term facility on June 15, 2015 and all such borrowings must be repaid by June 15, 2020. At September 30, 2016,2017, June 30, 20162017 and September 30, 2015,2016, the Company had no outstanding balance on the $75.0 million revolving credit facility.


Short-term borrowings include securities sold under repurchase agreements and federal funds purchased. These borrowings totaled $20.0 million at September 30, 2017 compared to $46.3 million at June 30, 2017 and $33.2 million at September 30, 2016 compared to $38.8 million at June 30, 2016 and $57.6 million at September 30, 2015.2016. Securities sold under repurchase agreements represent sweep accounts for certain customers in connection with master repurchase agreements at the banks. This funding category typically fluctuates based on customer preferences and daily liquidity needs of the banks, their customers and the banks’ operating subsidiaries.

The average balance of secured borrowings primarily represents a third party Canadian transaction ("Canadian Secured Borrowing"). Under the Canadian Secured Borrowing, in December 2014, the Company, through its subsidiary, FIFC Canada, sold an undivided co-ownership interest in all receivables owed to FIFC Canada to an unrelated third party in exchange for a cash payment of approximately C$150 million pursuant to a receivables purchase agreement (“Receivables Purchase Agreement”). The Receivables Purchase Agreement was amended in December 2015, effectively extending the maturity date from December 15, 2015 to December 15, 2017. Additionally, at that time, the unrelated third party paid an additional C$10 million, which increased the total payments to C$160 million. The proceeds received from these transactions are reflected on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition as a secured borrowing owed to the unrelated third party and translated to the Company’s reporting currency as of the respective date. The translated balance of the Canadian Secured Borrowing under the Receivables Purchase Agreement totaled $128.3 million at September 30, 2017 compared to $123.4 million at June 30, 2017 and $121.9 million at September 30, 2016 compared to $123.7 million at June 30, 2016 and $112.6 million at September 30, 2015.2016. At September 30, 2016,2017, the interest rate of the Canadian Secured Borrowing was 1.6121%1.9094%.

Other borrowings include a fixed-rate promissory note entered into in August 2012notes related to an office building complexbuildings owned by the Company and non-recourse notes issued by the Company to other banks related to certain capital leases. At September 30, 2016,2017, the fixed-rate promissory note had a balance of $17.8$49.3 million compared to $18.0$49.5 million at June 30, 20162017 and $18.3$17.8 million at September 30, 2015.2016. The increase in 2017 was the result of the Company issuing a $49.6 million fixed-rate promissory note in June 2017 related to and secured by two office buildings owned by the Company. At that time, the previous note to an unrelated creditor was paid off by the Company.

At September 30, 2016,2017, the Company had outstanding subordinated notes totaling $138.9$139.1 million compared to $138.9$139.0 million and $138.8$138.9 million outstanding at June 30, 20162017 and September 30, 2015,2016, respectively. The notes have a stated interest rate of 5.00% and mature in June 2024. These notes are stated at par adjusted for unamortized costs paid related to the issuance of this debt.


The Company had $253.6 million of junior subordinated debentures outstanding as of September 30, 2016 compared to $253.6 million outstanding at2017, June 30, 20162017 and $268.6 million outstanding at September 30, 2015.2016. The amounts reflected on the balance sheet represent the junior subordinated debentures issued to eleven trusts by the Company and equal the amount of the preferred and common securities issued by the trusts. The balance increased $19.1 million in 2015 as a result of the addition of the Suburban Illinois Capital Trust II and Community Financial Shares Statutory Trust II acquired as a part of the acquisitions of Suburban and CFIS, respectively. Additionally, inIn January 2016, the Company acquired $15.0 million of the $40.0 million of trust preferred securities issued by Wintrust Capital Trust VIII from a third-party investor. The purchase effectively extinguished $15.0 million of junior subordinated debentures related to Wintrust Capital Trust VIII and resulted in a $4.3 million gain from the early extinguishment of debt. Prior to January 1, 2015, the junior subordinated debentures, subject to certain limitations, qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company and the amount in excess of those certain limitations could, subject to other restrictions, be included in Tier 2 capital. Starting in 2015, a portion of these junior subordinated debentures qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company and the amount in excess of those certain limitations, subject to certain restrictions, was included in Tier 2 capital. At September 30, 2015, $65.1 million and $195.4 million of the junior subordinated debentures, net of common securities, were included in the Company's Tier 1 and Tier 2 regulatory capital, respectively. Starting in 2016, none of the junior subordinated debentures qualified as Tier 1 regulatory capital of the Company resulting in $245.5 million of the junior subordinated debentures, net of common securities, being included in the Company's Tier 2 regulatory capital.

See Notes 10 and 11 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for details of period end balances and other information for these various funding sources.

Shareholders’ Equity

The following tables reflect various consolidated measures of capital as of the dates presented and the capital guidelines established by the FRB for a bank holding company:
September 30,
2016
 June 30,
2016
 September 30,
2015
September 30,
2017
 June 30,
2017
 September 30,
2016
Leverage ratio9.0% 9.2% 9.2%9.2% 9.2% 9.0%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets9.8
 10.1
 10.3
10.0
 9.8
 9.8
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets8.7
 8.9
 8.6
9.5
 9.3
 8.7
Total capital to risk-weighted assets12.1
 12.4
 12.6
12.2
 12.0
 12.1
Total average equity-to-total average assets(1)
10.7
 10.4
 10.7
10.7
 10.8
 10.7
(1)Based on quarterly average balances.

 
Minimum
Capital
Requirements
 
Well
Capitalized
Leverage ratio4.0% 5.0%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets6.0
 8.0
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets4.5
 6.5
Total capital to risk-weighted assets8.0
 10.0

The Company’s principal sources of funds at the holding company level are dividends from its subsidiaries, borrowings under its loan agreement with unaffiliated banks and proceeds from the issuances of subordinated debt and additional equity. Refer to Notes 10, 11 and 16 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 for further information on these various funding sources. Management is committed to maintaining the Company’s capital levels above the “Well Capitalized” levels established by the FRB for bank holding companies.

The Company’s Board of Directors approves dividends from time to time, however, the ability to declare a dividend is limited by the Company's financial condition, the terms of the Company's 5.00% non-cumulative perpetual convertibleSeries D preferred stock, Series C, the terms of the Company's fixed-to-floating rate non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series D, the terms of the Company’s Trust Preferred Securities offerings and under certain financial covenants in the Company’s revolving and term facilities. In January, April and July of 2016,2017, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.12$0.14 per common share. In January, April, July and October of 2015,2016, the Company declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.11$0.12 per common share.

See Note 16 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report for details on the Company’s issuance of Series D and Series C preferred stock in June 2015 and March 2012, respectively, as well as details on the Company's offering

of common stock in June 2016.2016 and the mandatory conversion of the Series C preferred stock in April 2017. The Company hereby incorporates by reference Note 16 of the Consolidated Financial Statements presented under Item 1 of this report in its entirety.

LIQUIDITY

Wintrust manages the liquidity position of its banking operations to ensure that sufficient funds are available to meet customers’ needs for loans and deposit withdrawals. The liquidity to meet these demands is provided by maturing assets, liquid assets that can be converted to cash and the ability to attract funds from external sources. Liquid assets refer to money market assets such as Federal funds sold and interest bearing deposits with banks, as well as available-for-sale debt securities which are not pledged to secure public funds.

The Company believes that it has sufficient funds and access to funds to meet its working capital and other needs. Please refer to Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation - Interest-Earning Assets, -Deposits, -Other Funding Sources and -Shareholders’ Equity sections of this report for additional information regarding the Company’s liquidity position.

INFLATION

A banking organization’s assets and liabilities are primarily monetary. Changes in the rate of inflation do not have as great an impact on the financial condition of a bank as do changes in interest rates. Moreover, interest rates do not necessarily change at the same percentage as inflation. Accordingly, changes in inflation are not expected to have a material impact on the Company. An analysis of the Company’s asset and liability structure provides the best indication of how the organization is positioned to respond to changing interest rates. See “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks” section of this report for additional information.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This document contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws. Forward-looking information can be identified through the use of words such as “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “contemplate,” “possible,” “point,” “will,” “may,” “should,” “would” and “could.” Forward-looking statements and information are not historical facts, are premised on many factors and assumptions, and represent only management’s expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events. Similarly, these statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict, which may include, but are not limited to, those listed below and the Risk Factors discussed under Item 1A of the Company’s 20152016 Annual Report on Form 10-K and in any of the Company’s subsequent SEC filings. The Company intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and is including this statement for purposes of

invoking these safe harbor provisions. Such forward-looking statements may be deemed to include, among other things, statements relating to the Company’s future financial performance, the performance of its loan portfolio, the expected amount of future credit reserves and charge-offs, delinquency trends, growth plans, regulatory developments, securities that the Company may offer from time to time, and management’s long-term performance goals, as well as statements relating to the anticipated effects on financial condition and results of operations from expected developments or events, the Company’s business and growth strategies, including future acquisitions of banks, specialty finance or wealth management businesses, internal growth and plans to form additional de novo banks or branch offices. Actual results could differ materially from those addressed in the forward-looking statements as a result of numerous factors, including the following:

difficultnegative economic conditions havethat adversely affected our companyaffect the economy, housing prices, the job market and other factors that may affect the Company’s liquidity and the financial services industry in general and further deterioration in economic conditions may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, resultsperformance of operations and cash flows;
since our business is concentratedits loan portfolios, particularly in the Chicago metropolitanmarkets in which it operates;
the extent of defaults and southern Wisconsin market areas,losses on the Company’s loan portfolio, which may require further declinesincreases in the economy of this region could adversely affect our business;
if ourits allowance for loan losses is not sufficientcredit losses;
estimates of fair value of certain of the Company’s assets and liabilities, which could change in value significantly from period to absorb losses that may occur in our loan portfolio, our financial condition and liquidity could suffer;period;
a significant portion of our loan portfolio is comprised of commercial loans, the repayment of which is largely dependent upon the financial success and economic viability of the borrower;
a substantial portionborrowers of our loan portfolio is secured bycommercial loans;
commercial real estate in particular commercial real estate. Deteriorationmarket conditions in the Chicago metropolitan area and southern Wisconsin;
the extent of commercial and consumer delinquencies and declines in real estate markets could lead to additional losses,values, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial conditionmay require further increases in the Company’s allowance for loan and results of operations;lease losses;
any inaccurate assumptions in our analytical and forecasting models could cause usused to miscalculatemanage our projected revenue or losses, which could adversely affect our financial condition;loan portfolio;

unanticipated changes in prevailingthe level and volatility of interest rates, the capital markets and other market indices that may affect, among other things, the Company’s liquidity and the effectsvalue of changing regulation could adversely affect our net interest income, which is our largest source of income;its assets and liabilities;
our liquidity position may be negatively impacted if economic conditions continue to suffer;
competitive pressures in the financial services industry is very competitive,business which may affect the pricing of the Company’s loan and if we are not able to compete effectively, wedeposit products as well as its services (including wealth management services), which may loseresult in loss of market share and our business could suffer;
if we are unable to compete effectively, we will lose market share andreduced income from deposits, loans, advisory fees and income from other products;
failure to identify and complete favorable acquisitions in the future or unexpected difficulties or developments related to the integration of the Company’s recent or future acquisitions;
unexpected difficulties and losses related to FDIC-assisted acquisitions, including those resulting from our loss-sharing arrangements with the FDIC;
any negative perception of the Company’s reputation or financial strength;
ability of the Company to raise additional capital on acceptable terms when needed;
disruption in capital markets, which may lower fair values for the Company’s investment portfolio;
ability of the Company to use technology to provide products may be reduced. This could adversely affect our profitability and have a material services that will satisfy customer demands and create efficiencies in operations and to manage risks associated therewith;
adverse effecteffects on our business, financial condition and resultsinformation technology systems resulting from failures, human error or cyberattack, any of operations;
if we are unable to continue to identify favorable acquisitions or successfully integrate our acquisitions, our growth may be limited and our results of operations could suffer;
our participation in FDIC-assisted acquisitions may present additional risks to our financial condition and results of operations;
an actual or perceived reduction in our financial strength may cause others to reduce or cease doing business with us, which could result in a decreasean information or security breach, the disclosure or misuse of confidential or proprietary information, significant legal and financial losses and reputational harm;
adverse effects of failures by our vendors to provide agreed upon services in our net interest incomethe manner and fee revenues;
if our growth requires us to raise additional capital, that capital may not be available when it is needed orat the cost of that capital may be very high;
disruption in the financial markets could result in lower fair values for our investment securities portfolio;
our controls and procedures may fail or be circumvented;
new lines of business and new products and services are essential to our ability to compete but may subject us to additional risks;
failures ofagreed, particularly our information technology systems may adversely affectvendors;
increased costs as a result of protecting our operations;
failures by orcustomers from the impact of our vendors may adversely affect our operations;
we issue debit cards, andstolen debit card transactions pose a particular cybersecurity risk that is outside of our control;information;
we depend on the accuracy and completeness of information we receivethe Company receives about our customers and counterparties to make credit decisions;
if we are unableability of the Company to attract and retain senior management experienced in the banking and qualified personnel, our ability to provide high quality service will be diminished, we may lose key customer relationships, and our results of operations may suffer;financial services industries;
we are subject to environmental liability risk associated with lending activities;
we are subject tothe impact of any claims andor legal actions to which could negatively affectthe Company is subject, including any effect on our results of operations or financial condition;reputation;
losses incurred in connection with actual or projected repurchases and indemnification payments related to mortgages that we have sold into and increases in reserves associated therewith;
the secondary market may exceed our financial statement reserves and we may be required to increase such reserves in the future. Increases to our reserves and losses incurred in connection with actual loan repurchases and indemnification payments could haveloss of customers as a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, resultsresult of operations or cash flows;
technological changes allowing consumers may decide not to use banks to complete their financial transactions which could adversely affect our business and resultswithout the use of operations;a bank;
we may be adversely impacted by the soundness of other financial institutions;
de novo operations often involve significantthe expenses and delayed returns inherent in opening new branches and may negatively impact Wintrust's profitability;de novo banks;
we are subject to examinations and challenges by tax authorities, and changes in federal and state tax laws and changes in interpretation of existing laws can impact our financial results;authorities;
changes in accounting policies or accounting standards, could materially adversely affect how we report ourrules and interpretations and the impact on the Company’s financial results and financial condition;statements;
we are the ability of the Company to receive dividends from its subsidiaries;
a bank holding company, and our sources of funds, including to pay dividends, are limited;
anti-takeover provisions could negatively impact our shareholders;
if we fail to meet ourdecrease in the Company’s regulatory capital ratios, we may be forced to raise capitalincluding as a result of further declines in the value of its loan portfolios, or sell assets;otherwise;
iflegislative or regulatory changes, particularly changes in regulation of financial services companies and/or the products and services offered by financial services companies, including those resulting from the Dodd-Frank Act;
a lowering of our credit rating is lowered, our financing costs could increase;rating;
changes in the United States’U.S. monetary policy may restrict our ability to conduct our business in a profitable manner;policy;
legislative and regulatory actions taken now or in the future regarding the financial services industry may significantly increase our costs or limit our ability to conduct our business in a profitable manner;
financial reform legislation and increased regulatory rigor around mortgage-related issues may reducerestrictions upon our ability to market our products to consumers and may limitlimitations on our ability to profitably operate our mortgage business;business resulting from the Dodd-Frank Act;
federal, stateincreased costs of compliance, heightened regulatory capital requirements and local consumer lending laws may restrict our ability to originate certain mortgage loansother risks associated with changes in regulation and the current regulatory environment, including the Dodd-Frank Act;
the impact of heightened capital requirements;
increases in the Company’s FDIC insurance premiums, or increase our riskthe collection of liabilityspecial assessments by the FDIC;
delinquencies or fraud with respect to such loans and could increase our cost of doingthe Company’s premium finance business;
regulatory initiatives regarding bank capital requirements may require heightened capital;
our FDIC insurance premiums may increase, which could negatively impact our results of operations;
non-compliance with the USA PATRIOT Act, Bank Secrecy Act or other laws and regulations could result in fines or sanctions;
our premium finance business may involve a higher risk of delinquency or collection than our other lending operations, and could expose us to losses;

widespread financial difficulties or credit downgrades among commercial and life insurance providers that could lessennegatively affect the value of the collateral securing ourthe Company’s premium finance loans and impair loans;
the financial condition and liquidity of FIFC and FIFC Canada;
regulatory changes could significantly reduce loan volume and impair the financial condition of FIFC;Company’s ability to comply with covenants under its credit facility; and
ourfluctuations in the stock market, which may have an adverse impact on the Company’s wealth management business in general, and WHI's brokerage operation, in particular, exposes us to certain risks associated with the securities industry.operation.


Therefore, there can be no assurances that future actual results will correspond to these forward-looking statements. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement made by the Company. Any such statement speaks only as of the date the statement was made or as of such date that may be referenced within the statement. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date the forward-looking statement was made. Persons are advised, however, to consult further disclosures management makes on related subjects in its reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in its press releases.



ITEM 3
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKS

As an ongoing part of its financial strategy, the Company attempts to manage the impact of fluctuations in market interest rates on net interest income. This effort entails providing a reasonable balance between interest rate risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and maintenance of yield. Asset-liability management policies are established and monitored by management in conjunction with the boards of directors of the banks, subject to general oversight by the Risk Management Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors. The policies establish guidelines for acceptable limits on the sensitivity of the market value of assets and liabilities to changes in interest rates.

Interest rate risk arises when the maturity or re-pricing periods and interest rate indices of the interest earning assets, interest bearing liabilities, and derivative financial instruments are different. It is the risk that changes in the level of market interest rates will result in disproportionate changes in the value of, and the net earnings generated from, the Company’s interest earning assets, interest bearing liabilities and derivative financial instruments. The Company continuously monitors not only the organization’s current net interest margin, but also the historical trends of these margins. In addition, management attempts to identify potential adverse changes in net interest income in future years as a result of interest rate fluctuations by performing simulation analysis of various interest rate environments. If a potential adverse change in net interest margin and/or net income is identified, management would take appropriate actions with its asset-liability structure to mitigate these potentially adverse situations.

Since the Company’s primary source of interest bearing liabilities is from customer deposits, the Company’s ability to manage the types and terms of such deposits is somewhat limited by customer preferences and local competition in the market areas in which the banks operate. The rates, terms and interest rate indices of the Company’s interest earning assets result primarily from the Company’s strategy of investing in loans and securities that permit the Company to limit its exposure to interest rate risk, together with credit risk, while at the same time achieving an acceptable interest rate spread.

The Company’s exposure to interest rate risk is reviewed on a regular basis by management and the Risk Management Committees of the boards of directors of the banks and the Company. The objective of the review is to measure the effect on net income and to adjust balance sheet and derivative financial instruments to minimize the inherent risk while at the same time maximize net interest income.

The following interest rate scenarios display the percentage change in net interest income over a one-year time horizon assuming increases of 100 and 200 basis points and decreases of 100 basis points. The Static Shock Scenario results incorporate actual cash flows and repricing characteristics for balance sheet instruments following an instantaneous, parallel change in market rates based upon a static (i.e. no growth or constant) balance sheet. Conversely, the Ramp Scenario results incorporate management’s projections of future volume and pricing of each of the product lines following a gradual, parallel change in market rates over twelve months. Actual results may differ from these simulated results due to timing, magnitude, and frequency of interest rate changes as well as changes in market conditions and management strategies. The interest rate sensitivity for both the Static Shock and Ramp Scenarios at September 30, 2016,2017, June 30, 20162017 and September 30, 20152016 is as follows:
Static Shock Scenarios+200
Basis
Points
 +100
Basis
Points
 -100
Basis
Points
+200
Basis
Points
 +100
Basis
Points
 -100
Basis
Points
September 30, 201719.5% 9.8% (12.9)%
June 30, 201719.3% 10.4% (13.5)%
September 30, 201619.6% 10.1% (10.4)%19.6% 10.1% (10.4)%
June 30, 201616.9% 8.9% (8.9)%
September 30, 201515.6% 8.0% (11.1)%

Ramp Scenarios+200
Basis
Points
 +100
Basis
Points
 -100
Basis
Points
+200
Basis
Points
 +100
Basis
Points
 -100
Basis
Points
September 30, 20179.0% 4.6% (5.3)%
June 30, 20177.8% 4.0% (4.6)%
September 30, 20167.8% 3.9% (4.1)%7.8% 3.9% (4.1)%
June 30, 20167.0% 3.5% (3.7)%
September 30, 20156.7% 3.6% (4.0)%

One method utilized by financial institutions, including the Company, to manage interest rate risk is to enter into derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments include interest rate swaps, interest rate caps and floors, futures, forwards, option contracts and other financial instruments with similar characteristics. Additionally, the Company enters into commitments to fund certain mortgage loans (interest rate locks) to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery

of mortgage loans to third party investors. See Note 13 of the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of this report for further information on the Company’s derivative financial instruments.

During the first nine months of 20162017 and 2015,2016, the Company entered into certain covered call option transactions related to certain securities held by the Company. The Company uses these option transactions (rather than entering into other derivative interest rate contracts, such as interest rate floors) to economically hedge positions and compensate for net interest margin compression by increasing the total return associated with the related securities through fees generated from these options. Although the revenue received from these options is recorded as non-interest income rather than interest income, the increased return attributable to the related securities from these options contributes to the Company’s overall profitability. The Company’s exposure to interest rate risk may be impacted by these transactions. To mitigate this risk, the Company may acquire fixed rate term debt or use financial derivative instruments. There were no covered call options outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and 2016.


ITEM 4
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer carried out an evaluation under their supervision, with the participation of other members of management as they deemed appropriate, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as contemplated by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. Based upon, and as of the date of that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective, in all material respects, in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (and its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in the periodic reports the Company is required to file and submit to the SEC under the Exchange Act.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f)) during the period that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II —

Item 1: Legal Proceedings

The Company and its subsidiaries, from time to time, are subject to pending and threatened legal action and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business.

In accordance with applicable accounting principles, the Company establishes an accrued liability for litigation and threatened litigation actions and proceedings when those actions present loss contingencies which are both probable and estimable. In actions for which a loss is reasonably possible in future periods, the Company determines whether it can estimate a loss or range of possible loss. To determine whether a possible loss is estimable, the Company reviews and evaluates its material litigation on an ongoing basis, in conjunction with any outside counsel handling the matter, in light of potentially relevant factual and legal developments. This review may include information learned through the discovery process, rulings on substantive or dispositive motions, and settlement discussions.

On January 15, 2015, Lehman Brothers Holdings, Inc. ("(“Lehman Holdings"Holdings”) sent a demand letter asserting that Wintrust Mortgage must indemnify it for losses arising from loans sold by Wintrust Mortgage to Lehman Brothers Bank, FSB under a Loan Purchase Agreement between Wintrust Mortgage, as successor to SGB Corporation, and Lehman Brothers Bank. The demand was the precursor for triggering the alternative dispute resolution process mandated by the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. Lehman Holdings triggered the mandatory alternative dispute resolution process on October 16, 2015. On February 3, 2016, following a ruling by the federal Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit that was adverse to Lehman Holdings on the statute of limitations that is applicable to similar loan purchase claims, Lehman Holdings filed a complaint against Wintrust Mortgage and 150 other entities from which it had purchased loans in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York. The mandatory mediation was held on March 16, 2016, but did not result in a consensual resolution of the dispute. The court entered a case management order governing the litigation on November 1, 2016. Lehman Holdings filed an amended complaint against Wintrust Mortgage will be requiredon December 29, 2016. Wintrust Mortgage moved to respond todismiss the amended complaint afterfor lack of subject matter jurisdiction and improper venue. This motion remains pending before the Court's entry of a scheduling order, which has not yet occurred.court.

The Company has reserved an amount for the Lehman Holdings action that is immaterial to its results of operations or financial condition. Such litigation and threatened litigation actions necessarily involve substantial uncertainty and it is not possible at this time to predict the ultimate resolution or to determine whether, or to what extent, any loss with respect to these legal proceedings may exceed the amounts reserved by the Company.

On August 28, 2015, Wintrust Mortgage received a demand from RFC Liquidating Trust asserting that Wintrust Mortgage is liable to it for losses arising from loans sold by Wintrust Mortgage or its predecessors to Residential Funding Company LLC and/or related entities. No litigation has been initiated andWintrust Mortgage recently negotiated a settlement of the range of liability is not reasonably estimable at this time and it is not foreseeable when sufficient information will become available to provide a basisRFC Liquidating Trust’s claim for recording a reserve, should a reserve ultimately be required.an immaterial amount, which was finalized on October 30, 2017.

On August 13, 2015, BMO Harris Financial Advisors (“BHFA”) filed an arbitration demand withIn addition, the FINRA seeking damagesCompany and a permanent injunctionits subsidiaries, from time to time, are subject to pending and a complaint with the Circuit Court for Cook County, Illinois seeking a temporary restraining order against one of its former financial advisorsthreatened legal action and a current financial advisor with WHI. A narrow and limited temporary injunction was entered and the matter was referred to FINRA for arbitration. In November 2015, BHFA added WHI as a co-defendantproceedings arising in the arbitration action, alleging that WHI tortiously interfered with BHFA’s contract with its former financial advisor. A hearing on the merits was held on September 12 - 15, 2016. On October 11, 2016, the FINRA panel issued a damages award against WHI for $1,537,500.ordinary course of business.

Based on information currently available and upon consultation with counsel, management believes that the eventual outcome of any pending or threatened legal actions and proceedings described above, including our ordinary course litigation, will not have a material adverse effect on the operations or financial condition of the Company. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of these matters, if unfavorable, may be material to the results of operations or financial condition for a particular period.

Item 1A: Risk Factors

There were no material changes from the risk factors set forth under Part I, Item 1A “Risk Factors” in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.2016.

Item 2: Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

No purchases of the Company’s common shares were made by or on behalf of the Company or any “affiliated purchaser” as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, during the three months ended September 30, 2016.2017. There is currently no authorization to repurchase shares of outstanding common stock.

Item 6: Exhibits:

(a)
Exhibits
 
   
 
   
 
   
101.INS XBRL Instance Document *(1)
   
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
   
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
   
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
   
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
   
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
Includes the following financial information included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2016
(1)
Includes the following financial information included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Condition, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
  
WINTRUST FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Date:November 8, 20162017/s/ DAVID L. STOEHR
  David L. Stoehr
  
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

INDEX OF EXHIBITS
97
Exhibit No.Exhibit Description
101.INSXBRL Instance Document (1)
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
(1)
Includes the following financial information included in the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statements of Condition, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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