UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 20202021

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from____ to ____ .____.

Commission file number: 1-34167

ePlus inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware 54-1817218
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

13595 Dulles Technology Drive, Herndon, VA 20171-3413
(Address, including zip code, of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (703) 984-8400

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par valuePLUSNASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes    No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes    No

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

Large accelerated filer 
Accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
 
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes   No
The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of November 2, 20205, 2021, was 13,507,214.13,508,469.




Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ePlus inc. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Part I. Financial Information: 
    
Item 1. Financial Statements 
    
  5
    
  6
    
  7
    
  8
    
  10
    
  11
    
Item 2. 2625
    
Item 3. 4341
    
Item 4. 4442
    
Part II. Other Information: 
    
Item 1. 4443
    
Item 1A. 4543
    
Item 2. 4543
    
Item 3. 4543
    
Item 4. 4543
    
Item 5. 4543
    
Item 6. 4644
    
4745


2

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT CONCERNINGLANGUAGE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q10-Q contains certain statements that are, or may be deemed to be, “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or “Exchange Act,” and are made in reliance upon the protections provided by such acts for forward-looking statements. Such statements are not based on historical fact;fact but are based upon numerous assumptions about future conditions that may not occur. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking words such as “may,” “should,” “would,” “intend,” “estimate,” “will,” “potential,” “possible,” “could,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “project,” and similar expressions. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements made by us or on our behalf. Forward-looking statements are made based upon information that is currently available or management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects upon us, speak only as of the date hereof, and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or correct any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that subsequently occur, or of which we hereafter become aware. Actual events, transactions and results may materially differ from the anticipated events, transactions, or results described in such statements. Our ability to consummate such transactions and achieve such events or results is subject to certain risks and uncertainties. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the matters set forth below:

the duration and ongoing impact of the novel coronavirus pandemic (“COVID-19”), pandemic, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations and has resulted in governmental authorities imposing numerous unprecedented measures to try to contain the virus that has impacted and may further impact our workforce and operations, the operations of our customers, and those of our respective vendors, suppliers, and partners;
national and international political instability fostering uncertainty and volatility in the global economy including exposure to fluctuation in foreign currency rates, interest rates, and downward pressure on prices;
significant adverse changes in, reductions in, or loss of our largest volume customer or one or more of our large volume customers, or vendors;
the creditworthiness of our customers and our ability to reserve adequately for credit losses;
loss of our credit facility or credit lines with our vendors may restrict our current and future operations;
uncertainty regarding the phase out of LIBOR may negatively affect our operating results;
a possible decrease in the capital spending budgets of our customers or a decrease in purchases from us;
our ability to raise capital, maintain or increase as needed our lines of credit with vendors or floor planning facility, obtain debt for our financing transactions, or the effect of those changes on our common stock price;
reliance on third parties to perform some of our service obligations to our customers;
changes in the Information Technology (“IT”) industry and/or rapid changes in product offerings, including the proliferation of the cloud, infrastructure as a service (“IaaS”), and software as a service (“SaaS”) and platform as a service (“PaaS”);
our dependency on continued innovations in hardware, software, and services offerings by our vendors and our ability to partner with them;
availability of products from our vendors;
significant and rapid inflation may cause price and wage increases, as well as increases in operating costs which may impact the arrangements that have pricing commitments over the term of the agreement.
future growth rates in our core businesses;
reduction of vendor incentives provided to us;
rising interest rates or the loss of key lenders or the constricting of credit markets;
the possibility of goodwill impairment charges in the future;
maintaining and increasing advanced professional services by recruiting and retaining highly skilled, competent personnel, and vendor certifications;
adapting to meet changes in markets and competitive developments;
increasing the total number of customers using integrated solutions by up-selling within our customer base and gaining new customers;
our ability to secure our own and our customers’ electronic and other confidential information, and remain secure during a cyber-security attack;
managing a diverse product set of solutions in highly competitive markets with a number of key vendors;
increasing the total number of customers who use our managed services and professional services and continuing to enhance our managed services offerings to remain competitive in the marketplace;
performing professional and managed services competently;

3

our ability to implement comprehensive plans for the integration of sales forces, cost containment, asset rationalization, systems integration, and other key strategies;

3

changes to or loss of members of our senior management team and/or failure to successfully implement succession plans;
exposure to changes in, interpretations of, or enforcement trends in legislation and regulatory matters;
domestic and international economic regulations uncertainty (e.g., tariffs, and trade agreements);
our contracts may not be adequate to protect us, and we are subject to audit in which we may not pass, and our professional and liability insurance policies coverage may be insufficient to cover a claim;
failure to comply with public sector contracts, or applicable laws or regulations;
our dependence on key personnel to maintain certain customer relationships, and our ability to hire, train, and retain sufficient qualified personnel;
maintaining our proprietary software and updating our technology infrastructure to remain competitive in the marketplace;
disruptions or a security breach in our or our vendors’ IT systems and data and audio communication networks;
our ability to realize our investment in leased equipment;
our ability to successfully perform due diligence and integrate acquired businesses;
significant changes in accounting standards including changesour ability to protect our intellectual property rights and successfully defend any challenges to the financial reportingvalidity of leases, which could impact the demand for our leasing services,patents or misclassification of products and servicesallegations that we sell resulting in the misapplication of revenue recognition policies or inaccurate costs and completion dates for our services, which could affect our estimates; and
our ability to protect our intellectual property rights and successfully defend any challenges to the validity of our patents or allegations that we are infringing upon any third-partyare infringing upon any third-party patents, and the costs associated with those actions, and, when appropriate, license required technology.

We cannot be certain that our business strategy will be successful or that we will successfully address these and other challenges, risks, and uncertainties. For a further list and description of various risks, relevant factors, and uncertainties that could cause future results or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements, see Item 1A,1A, “Risk Factors” and Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” sections contained elsewhere in this report, as well as other reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

4


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.Financial Statements

ePlus inc. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 September 30, 2020  March 31, 2020  September 30, 2021  March 31, 2021 
ASSETS            
Current assets:            
Cash and cash equivalents $161,081  $86,231  $56,950  $129,562 
Accounts receivable—trade, net  369,037   374,998   457,308   391,567 
Accounts receivable—other, net  40,832   36,570   57,346   41,053 
Inventories  73,751   50,268   134,514   69,963 
Financing receivables—net, current  92,766   70,169   80,082   106,272 
Deferred costs  22,329   22,306   30,691   28,201 
Other current assets  8,233   9,256   12,675   10,976 
Total current assets  768,029   649,798   829,566   777,594 
                
Financing receivables and operating leases—net  87,926   74,158   105,855   90,165 
Deferred tax asset—net  1,469   1,468 
Property, equipment and other assets  34,314   32,596   43,895   42,289 
Goodwill  118,177   118,097   126,596   126,645 
Other intangible assets—net  30,265   34,464   32,564   38,614 
TOTAL ASSETS $1,038,711  $909,113  $1,139,945  $1,076,775 
                
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY        
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY        
                
LIABILITIES                
                
Current liabilities:                
Accounts payable $104,893  $82,919  $121,263  $165,162 
Accounts payable—floor plan  218,970   127,416   145,880   98,653 
Salaries and commissions payable  30,284   30,952   36,382   36,839 
Deferred revenue  59,078   55,480   82,937   72,802 
Recourse notes payable—current  2,286   37,256   35,548   5,450 
Non-recourse notes payable—current  35,610   29,630   21,083   50,397 
Other current liabilities  25,372   22,986   32,532   30,061 
Total current liabilities  476,493   386,639   475,625   459,364 
                
Non-recourse notes payable—long term  2,444   5,872 
Deferred tax liability—net  3,762   2,730 
Recourse notes payable - long-term  9,360   12,658 
Non-recourse notes payable - long-term  4,315   5,664 
Other liabilities  32,942   27,727   37,042   36,679 
TOTAL LIABILITIES  515,641   422,968   526,342   514,365 
                
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 10)
      
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Note 9)  0   0 
                
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY        
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY        
                
Preferred stock, $0.01 per share par value; 2,000 shares authorized; NaN outstanding  0   0 
Common stock, $0.01 per share par value; 25,000 shares authorized; 13,537 outstanding at September 30, 2020 and 13,500 outstanding at March 31, 2020  145   144 
Preferred stock, $0.01 per share par value; 2,000 shares authorized; NaN outstanding
  0   0 
Common stock, $0.01 per share par value; 25,000 shares authorized; 13,510 outstanding at September 30, 2021 and 13,503 outstanding at March 31, 2021
  146   145 
Additional paid-in capital  148,845   145,197   155,941   152,366 
Treasury stock, at cost, 958 shares at September 30, 2020 and 896 shares at March 31, 2020  (72,911)  (68,424)
Treasury stock, at cost, 1,070 shares at September 30, 2021 and 993 shares at March 31, 2021
  (82,246)  (75,372)
Retained earnings  447,425   410,219   539,547   484,616 
Accumulated other comprehensive income—foreign currency translation adjustment  (434)  (991)  215   655 
Total Stockholders' Equity  523,070   486,145 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY $1,038,711  $909,113 
Total Stockholders’ Equity  613,603   562,410 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $1,139,945  $1,076,775 

See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

5


ePlus inc. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
     
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
                        
Net sales                        
Product $383,656  $363,497  $690,896  $699,098  $397,160  $383,656  $758,217  $690,896 
Services  49,425   48,068   97,216   93,839   60,857   49,425   116,449   97,216 
Total  433,081   411,565   788,112   792,937   458,017   433,081   874,666   788,112 
Cost of sales                                
Product  302,963   278,863   529,597   538,926   297,629   302,963   574,856   529,597 
Services  31,156   29,671   60,996   58,341   37,386   31,156   71,296   60,996 
Total  334,119   308,534   590,593   597,267   335,015   334,119   646,152   590,593 
                
Gross profit  98,962   103,031   197,519   195,670   123,002   98,962   228,514   197,519 
                                
Selling, general, and administrative  66,889   70,523   136,356   136,310   74,504   66,889   143,279   136,356 
Depreciation and amortization  3,341   3,557   6,857   7,020   3,853   3,341   7,779   6,857 
Interest and financing costs  247   576   824   1,204   342   247   701   824 
Operating expenses  70,477   74,656   144,037   144,534   78,699   70,477   151,759   144,037 
                                
Operating income  28,485   28,375   53,482   51,136   44,303   28,485   76,755   53,482 
                                
Other income (expense)  184   (40)  282   (85)  (325)  184   (202)  282 
                                
Earnings before tax  28,669   28,335   53,764   51,051   43,978   28,669   76,553   53,764 
                                
Provision for income taxes  8,823   8,237   16,558   14,765   12,565   8,823   21,622   16,558 
                                
Net earnings $19,846  $20,098  $37,206  $36,286  $31,413  $19,846  $54,931  $37,206 
                                
Net earnings per common share—basic $1.48  $1.51  $2.79  $2.72  $2.36  $1.48  $4.12  $2.79 
Net earnings per common share—diluted $1.48  $1.51  $2.78  $2.71  $2.34  $1.48  $4.09  $2.78 
                                
Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic  13,372   13,312   13,347   13,334   13,332   13,372   13,333   13,347 
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted  13,391   13,350   13,394   13,408   13,432   13,391   13,431   13,394 

See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

6



ePlus inc. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
                        
NET EARNINGS $19,846  $20,098  $37,206  $36,286  $31,413  $19,846  $54,931  $37,206 
                                
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME, NET OF TAX:                                
                                
Foreign currency translation adjustments  520   (350)  557   (613)  (506)  520   (440)  557 
                                
Other comprehensive income (loss)  520   (350)  557   (613)
Other comprehensive income  (506)  520   (440)  557 
                                
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME $20,366  $19,748  $37,763  $35,673  $30,907  $20,366  $54,491  $37,763 

See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

7


ePlus inc. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

 Six Months Ended September 30, 
 2020  2019  Six Months Ended September 30, 
       2021  2020 
Cash flows from operating activities:            
Net earnings $37,206  $36,286  $54,931  $37,206 
                
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:                
Depreciation and amortization  9,460   10,077   12,044   9,460 
Reserve for credit losses  1,766   631 
Provision for credit losses  98   1,766 
Share-based compensation expense  3,648   4,054   3,575   3,648 
Deferred taxes  1,032   (3)  (1)  1,032 
Payments from lessees directly to lenders—operating leases  (13)  (34)  (32)  (13)
Gain on disposal of property, equipment, and operaing lease equipment  (278)  (436)  (525)  (278)
Changes in:                
Accounts receivable  1,755   (46,100)  (85,463)  1,755 
Inventories-net  (23,381)  (5,301)  (64,661)  (23,381)
Financing receivables—net  (54,386)  (76,423)  (18,019)  (54,386)
Deferred costs and other assets  (1,052)  (18,826)  (6,115)  (1,052)
Accounts payable-trade  21,717   15,585   (43,375)  21,717 
Salaries and commissions payable, deferred revenue, and other liabilities  10,934   26,086   12,539   10,934 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities  8,408   (54,404)  (135,004)  8,408 
                
Cash flows from investing activities:
                
Proceeds from sale of property, equipment, and operating lease equipment  456   653   2,553   456 
Purchases of property, equipment and operating lease equipment  (3,267)  (4,888)  (16,243)  (3,267)
Cash used in acquisitions, net of cash acquired  0   (13,815)
Net cash used in investing activities  (2,811)  (18,050)  (13,690)  (2,811)
                
Cash flows from financing activities:                
Borrowings of non-recourse and recourse notes payable  23,613   54,877   64,815   23,613 
Repayments of non-recourse and recourse notes payable  (40,529)  (5,629)  (29,386)  (40,529)
Repurchase of common stock  (4,487)  (13,692)  (6,874)  (4,487)
Repayments of financing of acquisitions  (421)  (785)  0   (421)
Net borrowings on floor plan facility  91,554   13,585 
Net borrowings (repayments) on floor plan facility  47,227   91,554 
Net cash provided by financing activities  69,730   48,356   75,782   69,730 
                
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash  (477)  114   300   (477)
                
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents  74,850   (23,984)  (72,612)  74,850 
                
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period  86,231   79,816   129,562   86,231 
                
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $161,081  $55,832  $56,950  $161,081 

8


UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - continued
(in thousands)

 Six Months Ended September 30,  Six Months Ended September 30, 
 2020  2019  2021  2020 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
            
Cash paid for interest $739  $1,115  $683  $739 
Cash paid for income taxes $12,348  $12,471  $24,511  $12,348 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities $2,975  $2,566  $2,280  $2,975 
                
Schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:
                
Proceeds from sale of property, equipment, and leased equipment $100  $0 
Purchases of property, equipment, and operating lease equipment $(393) $(396) $(2,386) $(393)
Financing of acquisitions $0  $(1,464)
Borrowing of non-recourse and recourse notes payable $35,780  $82,462  $41,195  $35,780 
Repayments of non-recourse and recourse notes payable $(13) $(34) $(32) $(13)
Vesting of share-based compensation $7,916  $8,972  $8,398  $7,916 
New operating lease assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations $774  $5,225  $1,070  $774 

See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

9



ePlus inc. AND SUBSIDIARIES
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)

 Six Months Ended September 30, 2020  Six Months Ended September 30, 2021 
 Common Stock  
Additional
Paid-In
  Treasury  Retained  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
     Common Stock  
Additional
Paid-In
  Treasury  Retained  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
    
 Shares  Par Value  Capital  Stock  Earnings  Income  Total  Shares  Par Value  Capital  Stock  Earnings  Income  Total 
Balance, March 31, 2020  13,500  $144  $145,197  $(68,424) $410,219  $(991) $486,145 
Balance, March 31, 2021
  13,503  $145  $152,366  $(75,372) $484,616  $655  $562,410 
Issuance of restricted stock awards  91   1   0   0   0   0   1   78   1   0   0   0   0   1 
Share-based compensation  0   0   1,885   0   0   0   1,885   0   0   1,735   0   0   0   1,735 
Repurchase of common stock  (38)  0   0   (2,703)  0   0   (2,703)  (45)  0   0   (4,111)  0   0   (4,111)
Net earnings  -   0   0   0   17,360   0   17,360   -   0   0   0   23,518   0   23,518 
Foreign currency translation adjustment  -   0   0   0   0   37   37   -   0   0   0   0   66   66 
                                                        
Balance, June 30, 2020  13,553  $145  $147,082  $(71,127) $427,579  $(954) $502,725 
Balance, June 30, 2021
  13,536  $146  $154,101  $(79,483) $508,134  $721  $583,619 
Issuance of restricted stock awards  8   0   0   0   0   0   0   6   0   0   0   0   0   0 
Share-based compensation  0   0   1,763   0   0   0   1,763   0   0   1,840   0   0   0   1,840 
Repurchase of common stock  (24)  0   0   (1,784)  0   0   (1,784)  (32)  0   0   (2,763)  0   0   (2,763)
Net earnings  -   0   0   0   19,846   0   19,846   -   0   0   0   31,413   0   31,413 
Foreign currency translation adjustment  -   0   0   0   0   520   520   -   0   0   0   0   (506)  (506)
                                                        
Balance, September 30, 2020  13,537  $145  $148,845  $(72,911) $447,425  $(434) $523,070 
Balance, September 30, 2021
  13,510  $146  $155,941  $(82,246) $539,547  $215  $613,603 

 Six Months Ended September 30, 2019  Six Months Ended September 30, 2020 
 Common Stock  
Additional
Paid-In
  Treasury  Retained  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
     Common Stock  
Additional
Paid-In
  Treasury  Retained  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
    
 Shares  Par Value  Capital  Stock  Earnings  Income  Total  Shares  Par Value  Capital  Stock  Earnings  Income  Total 
Balance, March 31, 2019  13,611  $143  $137,243  $(53,999) $341,137  $(271) $424,253 
Balance, March 31, 2020  13,500  $144  $145,197  $(68,424) $410,219  $(991) $486,145 
Issuance of restricted stock awards  86   1   0   0   0   0   1   91   1   0   0   0   0   1 
Share-based compensation  0   0   1,919   0   0   0   1,919   0   0   1,885   0   0   0   1,885 
Repurchase of common stock  (188)  0   0   (13,455)  0   0   (13,455)  (38)  0   0   (2,703)  0   0   (2,703)
Net earnings  -   0   0   0   16,188   0   16,188   -   0   0   0   17,360   0   17,360 
Foreign currency translation adjustment  -   0   0   0   0   (263)  (263)  -   0   0   0   0   37   37 
                                                        
Balance, June 30, 2019  13,509  $144  $139,162  $(67,454) $357,325  $(534) $428,643 
Balance, June 30, 2020
  13,553  $145  $147,082  $(71,127) $427,579  $(954) $502,725 
Issuance of restricted stock awards  7   0   0   0   0   0   0   8   0   0   0   0   0   0 
Share-based compensation  (3)  0   2,135   0   0   0   2,135   0   0   1,763   0   0   0   1,763 
Repurchase of common stock  0   0   0   (237)  0   0   (237)  (24)  0   0   (1,784)  0   0   (1,784)
Net earnings  -   0   0   0   20,098   0   20,098   -   0   0   0   19,846   0   19,846 
Foreign currency translation adjustment  -   0   0   0   0   (350)  (350)  -   0   0   0   0   520   520 
                                                        
Balance, September 30, 2019  13,513  $144  $141,297  $(67,691) $377,423  $(884) $450,289 
Balance, September 30, 2020
  13,537  $145  $148,845  $(72,911) $447,425  $(434) $523,070 

See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

10


ePlus inc. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS — Our company was founded in 1990 and is a Delaware corporation. ePlus inc. is sometimes referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as “we,” “our,” “us,” “ourselves,” or “ePlus.” ePlus inc. is a holding company that through its subsidiaries provides information technology solutions whichthat enable organizations to optimize their IT environment and supply chain processes. We also provide consulting, professional and managed services and complete lifecycle management services including flexible financing solutions. We focus on selling to medium and large enterprises in North America, the United Kingdom (“UK”), and other European countries.

BASIS OF PRESENTATION — The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ePlus inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accounts of businesses acquired are included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements from the dates of acquisition.

INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — The unaudited consolidated financial statements for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,2020, were prepared by us and include all normal and recurring adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position, results of operations, changes in comprehensive income, and cash flows for such periods. Operating results for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full fiscal year ending March 31, 2021,2022, or any other future period. These unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include all disclosures required by the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“US GAAP”) for annual financial statements. Our audited consolidated financial statements are contained in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 20202021 (“20202021 Annual Report”), which should be read in conjunction with these interim consolidated financial statements.

USE OF ESTIMATES — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are used when accounting for items and matters including, but not limited to, revenue recognition, residual values, vendor consideration, lease classification, goodwill and intangible assets, allowance for credit losses, inventory obsolescence, and the recognition and measurement of income tax assets and other provisions and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

CONCENTRATIONS OF RISK — A substantial portion of our sales are products from Cisco Systems, which were 41%40% and 43%41% of our technology segment’s net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,2020, respectively, and 40%41% and 42%40% of our technology segment’s net sales for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,2020, respectively.

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES — The significant accounting policies used in preparing these Consolidated Financial Statements were applied on a basis consistent with those reflected in our Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended March 31, 2020,2021 except for changes from the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13,Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, as amended (“ASU 2016-13”). The updates to our accounting policies from adopting ASU 2016-13 are provided below.

ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES — We maintain an allowance for credit losses related to our accounts receivable and financing receivables. We record an expense in the amount necessary to adjust the allowance for credit losses to our current estimate of expected credit losses on financial assets. We estimate expected credit losses based on our internal rating of the customer’s credit quality, our historical credit losses, current economic conditions, and other relevant factors. Prior to providing credit, we assign an internal rating for each customer’s credit quality based on the customer’s financial status, rating agency reports and other financial information. We review our internal ratings for each customer at least annually or when there is an indicator of a change in credit quality, such as a delinquency or bankruptcy. We charge off uncollectable financing receivables when we stop pursuing collection.



11

2.RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

CREDIT LOSSES We adopted ASU 2016-13 on April 1, 2020. The amendments in this update replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. Our adoption of this update, including the cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings, is not significant to our financial statements. Refer to Note 7, “Allowance for Credit Losses” for additional information.

3.2.REVENUES

Contract balancesCONTRACT BALANCES

Accounts receivable – trade consists entirely of amounts due from contracts with customers. In addition, we had $41.353.8 million and $33.154.6 million of receivables from contracts with customers included within financing receivables as of September 3030,, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020,2021, respectively. The following table provides the balance of contract liabilities from contracts with customers (in thousands):

Contract liabilities September 30, 2020  March 31, 2020 
 September 30, 2021  March 31, 2021 
Current (included in deferred revenue) $58,267  $54,486  $82,184  $72,299 
Non-current (included in other liabilities) $18,794  $16,395  $27,813  $26,042 

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Revenue recognized from the beginning contract liability balance was $14.6 million and $36.1 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, and $11.3 million and $26.9 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, and $13.6 million and $29.4 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.

Performance obligationsPERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS

The following table includes revenue expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations, primarily non-cancelable contracts for ePlus managed services, that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period (in thousands).:

Remainder of Year ending March 31, 2021 $20,527 
Year Ending March 31, 2022  18,889 
Year Ending March 31, 2023  8,385 
Year Ending March 31, 2024  2,026 
Year Ending March 31, 2025  516 
Year Ending March 31, 2026 and thereafter  111 
Total remaining performance obligations $50,454 
Remainder of the year ending March 31, 2022
 $26,309 
Year ending March 31, 2023
  24,656 
Year ending March 31, 2024
  12,595 
Year ending March 31, 2025
  2,920 
Year ending March 31, 2026 and thereafter
  1,467 
Total remaining performance obligations $67,947 

The table does not include the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (ii) contracts where we recognize revenue at the amount that we have the right to invoice for services performed.

4.3.FINANCING RECEIVABLES AND OPERATING LEASES

Our financing receivables and operating leases consist primarily of leases of IT and communication equipment and notes receivable from financing customer purchases of third-party software, maintenance, and services. Our leases often include elections for the lessee to purchase the underlying asset at the end of the lease term. Occasionally,Often, our leases provide the lessee a bargain purchase option.

 
The following table provides the profit recognized for sales-type leases at their commencement date, including modifications that are recognized on a net basis, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 (in thousands):
 

             Three months ended September 30,  Six months ended September 30, 
 
Three months ended
September 30, 2020
  
Three months ended
September 30, 2019
  
Six months ended
September 30, 2020
  
Six months ended
September 30, 2019
  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Net sales $7,655  $3,133  $17,818  $7,987  $5,962  $7,655  $9,779  $17,818 
Cost of sales  5,402   2,702   10,729   6,652   4,926   5,402   8,291   10,729 
Gross profit $2,253  $431  $7,089  $1,335  $1,036  $2,253  $1,488  $7,089 

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The following table provides interest income in aggregate on our sales-type leases and lease income on our operating leases for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 (in thousands):

 Three months ended September 30,  Six months ended September 30, 
 
Three months ended
September 30 2020
  
Three months ended
September 30, 2019
  
Six months ended
September 30, 2020
  
Six months ended
September 30, 2019
  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Interest income on sales-type leases $1,884  $1,495  $4,103  $3,590  $1,000  $1,884  $2,290  $4,103 
Lease income on operating leases $3,900  $5,059  $7,738  $10,418  $6,634  $3,900  $11,844  $7,738 

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FINANCING RECEIVABLES—NET

The following tables provide a disaggregation of our financing receivables – net (in thousands):

September 30, 2020
 
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  
Financing
Receivables
 
         
September 30, 2021
 
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  
Financing
Receivables
 
Gross receivables $90,002  $76,700  $166,702  $104,066  $54,261  $158,327 
Unguaranteed residual value (1)  0   20,213   20,213   0   13,411   13,411 
Initial direct costs, net of amortization  364   0   364   271   0   271 
Unearned income  0   (11,329)  (11,329)  0   (7,095)  (7,095)
Reserve for credit losses (2)  (1,337)  (1,227)  (2,564)
Allowance for credit losses (2)  (1,687)  (672)  (2,359)
Total, net $89,029  $84,357  $173,386  $102,650  $59,905  $162,555 
Reported as:                        
Current $52,397  $40,369  $92,766  $55,928  $24,154  $80,082 
Long-term  36,632   43,988   80,620   46,722   35,751   82,473 
Total, net $89,029  $84,357  $173,386  $102,650  $59,905  $162,555 

(1)Includes unguaranteed residual values of $12,644$8,081 thousand that we retained after selling the related lease receivable.
(2)
Refer to Note 7,6, “Allowance for Credit Losses” for details.

March 31, 2020
 
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  
Financing
Receivables
 
         
Minimum payments $55,417  $69,492  $124,909 
Estimated unguaranteed residual value (1)  0   21,862   21,862 
March 31, 2021
 
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  
Financing
Receivables
 
Gross receivables $112,641  $68,393  $181,034 
Unguaranteed residual value (1)  0   14,876   14,876 
Initial direct costs, net of amortization  212   247   459   425   0   425 
Unearned income  0   (11,612)  (11,612)  0   (8,393)  (8,393)
Reserve for credit losses (2)  (798)  (610)  (1,408)
Allowance for credit losses (2)  (1,212)  (1,171)  (2,383)
Total, net $54,831  $79,379  $134,210  $111,854  $73,705  $185,559 
Reported as:                        
Current $31,181  $38,988  $70,169  $73,175  $33,097  $106,272 
Long-term  23,650   40,391   64,041   38,679   40,608   79,287 
Total, net $54,831  $79,379  $134,210  $111,854  $73,705  $185,559 

(1)
Includes unguaranteed residual values of $14,9729,453 thousand for sales type leases, which have been sold and accounted for as sales.that we retained after selling the related lease receivable.
(2)
Refer to Note 76, “Allowance for Credit Losses” for details.

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The following table provides the future scheduled minimum lease payments for investments in sales-type leases as of September 30,2020 (in thousands):

Remainder of the Year ending March 31, 2021 $46,006 
Year Ending March 31, 2022  19,376 
Year Ending March 31, 2023  8,196 
Year Ending March 31, 2024  2,205 
Year Ending March 31, 2025 and thereafter  917 
Total $76,700 

OPERATING LEASES—NET

Operating leases—net represents leases that do not qualify as sales-type leases. The components of the operating leases—net are as follows (in thousands):

 
September 30,
2020
  
March 31,
2020
 
       
September 30,
2021
  
March 31,
2021
 
Cost of equipment under operating leases $19,578  $21,276  $34,082  $18,748 
Accumulated depreciation  (12,272)  (11,159)  (10,700)  (7,870)
Investment in operating lease equipment—net (1) $7,306  $10,117  $23,382  $10,878 

(1)Amounts include estimated unguaranteed residual values of $2.5$4.6 million and $3.1$2.5 million as of September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020,2021, respectively.

The following table provides the future scheduled minimum lease rental payments for operating leases as of September 30,2020 (in thousands):

Remainder of the Year ending March 31, 2021 $1,534 
Year Ending March 31, 2022  1,927 
Year Ending March 31, 2023  1,436 
Year Ending March 31, 2024  477 
Year Ending March 31, 2025 and thereafter  35 
Total $5,409 

TRANSFERS OF FINANCIAL ASSETS

We enter into arrangements to transfer the contractual payments due under financing receivables and operating lease agreements, which are accounted for as sales or secured borrowings.

For transfers accounted for as a secured borrowing, the corresponding investments serve as collateral for non-recourse notes payable. As of  September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020,2021, we had financing receivables of $33.7$22.6 million and $34.6$60.5 million, respectively, and operating leases of $4.9$8.1 million and $6.7$3.3 million, respectively, which were collateral for non-recourse notes payable. See Note 9, “Notes Payable8, ‘'Credit Facility and Credit Facility.”Notes Payable.'’

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For transfers accounted for as sales, we derecognize the carrying value of the asset transferred plus any liability and recognize a net gain or loss on the sale, which are presented within net sales in the consolidated statement of operations. During the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,2020, we recognized net gains of $4.5$10.1 million and $4.1$4.5 million, respectively, and total proceeds from these sales were $118.5$615.0 million and $95.1$118.5 million, respectively. For the year to date periods ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,2020, we recognized net gains of $7.0$13.3 million and $7.5$7.0 million, respectively, and total proceeds from these sales were $191.7$690.3 million and $172.0$191.7 million, respectively.

When we retain servicing obligations in transfers accounted for as sales, we allocate a portion of the proceeds to deferred revenues,revenue, which is recognized as we perform the services. As of both September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020,2021, we had deferred revenue of $0.4$0.5 million and $0.3 million, respectively, for servicing obligations.

In a limited number of transfers accounted for as sales, we indemnified the assignee in the event thatif the lessee electedelects to early terminate the lease. As of September 30, 2020, our maximum2021, the total potential future payments related to such guaranteesthat could result from these indemnities is immaterial. We believe the likelihood of making any such payments to be remote.



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5.4.LESSEE ACCOUNTING

We lease office space for periods up to 6six years. We recognize our right-of-use assets as part of property, equipment, and other assets. We recognize the current and long-term portions of our lease liability as part of other current liabilities and other liabilities, respectively. We recognized rent expense of $1.5$1.3 million as part of selling, general and administrative expenses for both the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and September 30, 2019, and $3.1$1.5 million for both the sixthree months ending September 30, 2020, and $2.6 million and $3.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2019.

The following table provides supplemental information about the remaining lease terms2021, and discount rates applied as of September 30,2020, and March 31,2020: respectively.

Lease term and Discount Rate September 30, 2020  March 31, 2020 
Weighted average remaining lease term (months)  34   38 
Weighted average discount rate  3.8%  3.9%

The following table provides our future lease payments under our operating leases as of September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

 September 30, 2020 
Remainder of the year ending March 31, 2021 $2,432 
Year ending March 31, 2022  4,319 
Year ending March 31, 2023  3,093 
Year ending March 31, 2024  1,249 
Year ending March 31, 2025 and thereafter  813 
Total lease payments $11,906 
Less: interest  (617)
Present value of lease liabilities $11,289 


6.5.GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

GOODWILL

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying valueamount of goodwill was $118.2 and $118.1 million as of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020, respectively. There was no significant activity in the balance duringfor the six months ended September 30, 2020, other than change in foreign currency translation of $0.1 million.2021 (in thousands):

 Six months ended September 30, 2021 
  Goodwill  
Accumulated
Impairment
Loss
  
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Beginning balance $135,318  $(8,673) $126,645 
Foreign currency translations  (49)  -   (49)
Ending balance $135,269  $(8,673) $126,596 

Goodwill represents the premium paid over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets that are individually identified and separately recognized in business combinations. Our entire balance as of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020,2021, relates to our technology reportable segment, which we also determined to be 1 reporting unit. The change in our goodwill balance during the six months ended September 30, 2021, is due solely to foreign currency translation.

We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, as of the first day of our third fiscal quarter, and between annual tests if an event occurs, or circumstances change, that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value.

In our annual test as of October 1, 2019,2020, we performed a qualitative assessment of goodwill and concluded that, more likely than not, the fair value of our technology reporting unit continued to substantially exceed its carrying value.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, we determined that the uncertainty associated with the economic environment stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic was a triggering event and we elected to perform a quantitative goodwill impairment test. We concluded that the fair value of our technology reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value as of March 31, 2020. Our conclusions would not be impacted by a 10percent change in our estimate of the fair value of the reporting unit..

1514

OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 
OurOur other intangible assets consist of the following on September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 20202021 (in thousands):
 

 September 30, 2020  March 31, 2020 
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
  
Accumulated
Amortization
  
Net
Carrying
Amount
  
Gross
Carrying
Amount
  
Accumulated
Amortization
  
Net
Carrying
Amount
  September 30, 2021  March 31, 2021 
                   
Gross
Carrying
Amount
  
Accumulated
Amortization
  
Net
Carrying
Amount
  
Gross
Carrying
Amount
  
Accumulated
Amortization
  
Net
Carrying
Amount
 
Customer relationships & other intangibles $63,093  $(37,467) $25,626  $63,006  $(33,000) $30,006  $77,281  $(47,424) $29,857  $77,335  $(42,115) $35,220 
Capitalized software development  11,176   (6,537)  4,639   10,385   (5,927)  4,458   10,491   (7,784)  2,707   10,553   (7,159)  3,394 
Total $74,269  $(44,004) $30,265  $73,391  $(38,927) $34,464  $87,772  $(55,208) $32,564  $87,888  $(49,274) $38,614 

Customer relationships and other intangibles are generally amortized between 5 to 10 years. Capitalized software development is generally amortized over 5 years.

Total amortization expense for customer relationships and other intangible assets was $3.0 million and $2.5 million for both the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,September 30, 2020, respectively, and $5.0$6.0 million and $4.9$5.0 million for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,2020, respectively.

7.6.ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The following table provides the activity in our allowance for credit losses for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 (in thousands):

 
Accounts
Receivable
  
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  Total  
Accounts
Receivable
  
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  Total 
Balance April 1, 2020 $1,781  $798  $610  $3,189 
Balance April 1, 2021
 $2,064  $1,212  $1,171  $4,447 
Provision for credit losses  576   566   624   1,766   116   479   (497)  98 
Write-offs and other  (27)  (27)  (7)  (61)  (64)  (4)  (2)  (70)
Balance September 30, 2020 $2,330  $1,337  $1,227  $4,894 
Balance September 30, 2021
 $2,116  $1,687  $672  $4,475 

 
Accounts
Receivable
  
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  Total  
Accounts
Receivable
  
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
  Total 
Balance April 1, 2019 $1,579  $505  $530  $2,614 
Balance April 1, 2020
 $1,781  $798  $610  $3,189 
Provision for credit losses  311   15   (27)  299   576   566   624   1,766 
Write-offs and other  (42)  0   (3)  (45)  (27)  (27)  (7)  (61)
Balance September 30, 2019 $1,848  $520  $500  $2,868 
Balance September 30, 2020
 $2,330  $1,337  $1,227  $4,894 

The following table provides the amortized cost basis of our allowance forfinancing receivables by credit lossesquality rating “CQR” and minimum payments associated with our notes receivables and lease-related receivables disaggregated based on our impairment methodby credit origination year as of March 31, 2020September 30, 2021 (in thousands):

 March 31, 2020 
  
Notes
Receivable
  
Lease
Receivables
 
Allowance for credit losses:      
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $736  $610 
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment  62   0 
Ending balance $798  $610 
         
Minimum payments:        
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment $55,005  $69,492 
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment  412   0 
Ending balance $55,417  $69,492 
  Amortized cost basis by origination year ending March 31,          
 2022  2021  2020  2019  2018  2017  Total  
Transfers
(2)
  
Net credit
exposure
 
Notes receivable:                           
High CQR $38,015  $42,542  $2,256  $517  $226  $10  $83,566  $(35,004) $48,562 
Average CQR  12,933   4,794   2,104   342   3   0   20,176   (2,655)  17,521 
Low CQR  0   0   0   324   0   0   324   0   324 
Total $50,948  $47,336  $4,360  $1,183  $229  $10  $104,066  $(37,659) $66,407 
                                     
Lease receivables:                                    
High CQR $12,716  $10,504  $4,253  $1,424  $168  $48  $29,113  $(6,911) $22,202 
Average CQR  8,906   9,261   2,266   233   141   22   20,829   (5,641)  15,188 
Low CQR  1,497   1,057   0   0   0   0   2,554   0   2,554 
Total $23,119  $20,822  $6,519  $1,657  $309  $70  $52,496  $(12,552) $39,944 
                                     
Total amortized cost (1) $74,067  $68,158  $10,879  $2,840  $538  $80  $156,562  $(50,211) $106,351 

(1)
Unguaranteed residual values of $8,081 thousand that we retained after selling the related lease receivable and initial direct costs of notes receivable of $271 thousand are excluded from amortized cost.
(2)Transfers consist of receivables that have been transferred to third-party financial institutions on a non-recourse basis and receivables that are in the process of being transferred to third-party financial institutions.

1615


We evaluate our customers using an internally assigned credit quality rating (“CQR”):CQR:

High CQR: This rating includes accounts with excellent to good business credit, asset quality and capacity to meet financial obligations. Loss rates in this category are generally less than 1%.

Average CQR: This rating includes accounts with average credit risk that are more susceptible to loss in the event of adverse business or economic conditions. Loss rates in this category are generally in the range of 2% to 10%.

Low CQR: This rating includes accounts that have marginal credit risk such that the customer’s ability to make repayment is impaired or may likely become impaired. The loss rates in this category in the normal course are generally in the range of 10% to 100%.


The following table provides the amortized cost basis of our financing receivables by CQR and by credit origination year as of September 30, 2020March 31, 2021 (in thousands):

 Amortized cost basis by origination year ending March 31,           Amortized cost basis by origination year ending March 31,          
 2021  2020  2019  2018  2017  2016 and prior  Total  
Transfers
(2)
  
Net
credit
exposure
  2021  2020  2019  2018  2017  Total  
Transfers
(2)
  
Net credit
exposure
 
                                                   
Notes receivable:                                                   
                           
High CQR $64,678  $9,744  $2,434  $947  $38  $0  $77,841  $(35,867) $41,974  $93,793  $6,250  $769  $771  $19  $101,602  $(63,471) $38,131 
Average CQR  6,189   4,697   837   52   0   0   11,775   (3,651)  8,124   7,689   2,468   550   8   0   10,715   (2,896)  7,819 
Low CQR  0   0   324   0   0   62   386   0   386   0   0   324   0   0   324   0   324 
Total $70,867  $14,441  $3,595  $999  $38  $62  $90,002  $(39,518) $50,484  $101,482  $8,718  $1,643  $779  $19  $112,641  $(66,367) $46,274 
                                                                    
Lease receivables:                                                                    
                                    
High CQR $21,650  $11,826  $3,609  $998  $314  $8  $38,405  $(9,518) $28,887  $28,898  $5,885  $1,798  $463  $125  $37,169  $(7,468) $29,701 
Average CQR  22,447   9,415   1,921   646   106   0   34,535   (11,409)  23,126   23,445   3,482   1,017   270   40   28,254   (4,592)  23,662 
Low CQR  0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0 
Total $44,097  $21,241  $5,530  $1,644  $420  $8  $72,940  $(20,927) $52,013  $52,343  $9,367  $2,815  $733  $165  $65,423  $(12,060) $53,363 
                                
Total amortized cost (1) $114,964  $35,682  $9,125  $2,643  $458  $70  $162,942  $(60,445) $102,497  $153,825  $18,085  $4,458  $1,512  $184  $178,064  $(78,427) $99,637 

(1)
Unguaranteed residual values of $12,6449,453 thousand that we retained after selling the related lease receivable and initial direct costs of notes receivable of $364425 thousand are excluded from amortized cost.
(2)Transfers consist of receivables that have been transferred to third-party financial institutions on a non-recourse basis and receivables that are in the process of being transferred to third-party financial institutions.

The following table provides an aging analysis of our financing receivables as of September 30, 20202021 (in thousands):

 
31-60
Days Past
Due
  
61-90
Days Past
Due
  
> 90
Days Past
Due
  
Total
Past Due
  Current  
Total
Billed
  
Unbilled
  
Amortized
Cost
  
31-60
Days Past
Due
  
61-90
Days Past
Due
  
> 90
Days Past
Due
  
Total
Past Due
  Current  
Total
Billed
  Unbilled  
Amortized
Cost
 
Notes receivable $925  $270  $823  $2,018  $10,105  $12,123  $77,879  $90,002  $653  $1,658  $713  $3,024  $6,737  $9,761  $94,305  $104,066 
Lease receivables  660   2,049   1,771   4,480   1,754   6,234   66,706   72,940   323   493   726   1,542   2,480   4,022   48,474   52,496 
Total $1,585  $2,319  $2,594  $6,498  $11,859  $18,357  $144,585  $162,942  $976  $2,151  $1,439  $4,566  $9,217  $13,783  $142,779  $156,562 

The following table provides an aging analysis of our leasefinancing receivables by CQR as of March 31, 20202021 (in thousands):

 
31-60
Days
Past
Due
  
61-90
Days
Past
Due
  
Greater
than 90
Days
Past
Due
  
Total
Past
Due
  Current  
Unbilled
Minimum
Lease
Payments
  
Total
Minimum
Lease
Payments
  
Unearned
Income
  
Non-
Recourse
Notes
Payable
  
Net
Credit
Exposure
 
                               
High CQR $951  $105  $922  $1,978  $1,181  $33,581  $36,740  $(4,766) $(19,823) $12,151 
Average CQR  46   107   112   265   1,106   31,381   32,752   (3,646)  (18,693)  10,413 
Low CQR  0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0   0 
Total $997  $212  $1,034  $2,243  $2,287  $64,962  $69,492  $(8,412) $(38,516) $22,564 

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The following table provides an aging analysis of our notes receivable by CQR as of March 31, 2020 (in thousands):

 
31-60
Days
Past
Due
  
61-90
Days
Past
Due
  
Greater
than 90
Days
Past Due
  
Total
Past
Due
  Current  
Unbilled
Notes
Receivable
  
Total
Notes
Receivable
  
Non-
Recourse
Notes
Payable
  
Net
Credit
Exposure
 
                            
High CQR $1,332  $2  $280  $1,614  $2,878  $29,057  $33,549  $(18,341) $15,208 
Average CQR  140   44   142   326   1,135   19,995   21,456   (16,636)  4,820 
Low CQR  63   0   152   215   0   197   412   0   412 
Total $1,535  $46  $574  $2,155  $4,013  $49,249  $55,417  $(34,977) $20,440 
 
31-60
Days Past
Due
  
61-90
Days Past
Due
  
> 90
Days Past
Due
  
Total
Past Due
  Current  
Total
Billed
  Unbilled  
Amortized
Cost
 
Notes receivable $648  $910  $673  $2,231  $3,240  $5,471  $107,170  $112,641 
Lease receivables  804   132   643   1,579   2,566   4,145   61,278   65,423 
Total $1,452  $1,042  $1,316  $3,810  $5,806  $9,616  $168,448  $178,064 

Our financial assets on nonaccrual status were not significant as of September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020.2021.

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8.7.PROPERTY, EQUIPMENT, OTHER ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Our property, equipment, other assets and liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):

 
September 30,
2020
  
March 31,
2020
  
September 30,
2021
  
March 31,
2021
 
Other current assets:            
Deposits & funds held in escrow $339  $926  $453  $759 
Prepaid assets  7,640   7,946   11,703   9,939 
Other  254   384   519   278 
Total $8,233  $9,256  $12,675  $10,976 
                
Property, equipment and other assets
                
Property and equipment, net $7,258  $7,153  $7,368  $7,388 
Deferred costs - non-current  12,568   10,957   19,770   19,063 
Right-of-use assets  11,069   13,066   7,562   8,763 
Other  3,419   1,420   9,195   7,075 
Total $34,314  $32,596  $43,895  $42,289 
                
        
Other current liabilities:
                
Accrued expenses $10,639  $10,024  $13,856  $13,598 
Accrued income taxes payable  3,021   406   2,146   4,439 
Contingent consideration - current  0   220 
Short-term lease liability  4,698   4,815   3,835   3,934 
Other  7,014   7,521   12,695   8,090 
Total $25,372  $22,986  $32,532  $30,061 
                
Other liabilities:
                
Deferred revenue $19,074  $16,693 
Deferred revenue - non-current $28,174  $26,309 
Long-term lease liability  6,590   8,326   3,816   5,040 
Other  7,278   2,708   5,052   5,330 
Total $32,942  $27,727  $37,042  $36,679 

In the above table, deposits and funds held in escrow relate to financial assets that were sold to third-party banks. In conjunction with those sales, a portion of the proceeds was placed in escrow and will be released to us upon payment of outstanding invoices related to the underlying financing arrangements that were sold.

9.8.CREDIT FACILITY AND NOTES PAYABLE

Credit Facility
CREDIT FACILITY

Within our technology segment,
Throughout the current fiscal year and until October 12, 2021, ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiaries finance(the “Borrowers”), which are part of our technology segment, financed their operations, within addition to funds generated from operations, and with a credit facility with Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC (“WFCDF”). This facility providesprovided short-term capital for our technology segment. There arewere 2 components of the WFCDF credit facility: (1) a floor plan component, and (2) an accounts receivable component.

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Under the floor plan component, we had outstanding balances of $219.0 million and $127.4 million as of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020, respectively, and are presented as accounts payable – floorplan. The fair value of the outstanding balance under the credit facility was equal to its carrying value as of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020.

On May 15, 2020, we executed an amendment to the WFCDF credit facility, that increased thethere was an aggregate limit of the twofor the 2 components, except during a temporary uplift, to $275.0of $275 million. Additionally, we have an electionWe could elect to temporarily increase the aggregate limit to $350.0 $350 million for a period of not less than 30 days, provided that all such periods shall not exceed 150 days in the aggregate in any calendar year. Further,Additionally, the amendment increased theWFCDF credit facility had a limit on the accounts receivable component of the$100 million. WFCDF credit facility to $100.0 million, changed thecharged us an interest rate equal to two percent (2.00%) plus the greater of one month LIBOR or seventy-five hundredths of one percent (0.75%), and modified certain restrictions on ePlus Technology, inc.’s ability to pay dividends to ePlus inc..

As of September 30, 2020,2021, the limit of the 2 components of the credit facility was $275$350 million as result of our election to temporarily uplift the aggregate limit.

Our borrowing availability under the credit facility varied, based upon the value of the receivables and inventory of the Borrowers. We had outstanding balances of $145.9 million and $98.7 million under the floor plan component as of September 30, 2021, and March 31, 2021, respectively. This component is presented as part of as accounts receivable component had a sub-limit of $100 million. payable – floorplan. Under the accounts receivable component, we had $29 million as of September 30, 2021 and 0 outstanding balance as of September 30, 2020 and $35 million outstanding as of March 31, 2020. The accounts receivable2021. This component is presented as part of recourse notes payable – current.

The fair value of the outstanding balances under the WFCDF credit facility iswere approximately equal to their carrying value as of September 30, 2021, and March 31, 2021.

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The WFCDF credit facility was secured by the assets of ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiaries, and varies available borrowing based upon the value of their receivables and inventory.Borrowers. Additionally, the credit facility requiresrequired a guaranty ofof $10.5 million by ePlus inc.

TheThe WFCDF credit facility restrictsrestricted the ability of ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiariesthe Borrowers to pay dividends to ePlus inc. unless their available borrowing meetsmet certain thresholds. As of September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2021, their available borrowing met the threshold such that there were no restricted net assets of ePlus Technology, inc.inc.

TheThe credit facility requiresrequired that financial statements of ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiariesthe Borrowers be provided withinwithin 45 days of each quarter and 90 days of each fiscal year end and requiresrequired that other operational reports be provided on a regular basis. Either party maycould terminate with 90 days’ advancewritten notice.

On October 13, 2021, we entered into a First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement by and among the Borrowers, WFCDF, as administrative agent thereunder, various banks and other financial institutions (including WFCDF) who are parties thereto as lenders (collectively, the “Lenders”) and others, pursuant to which, among other things, the Lenders established for the benefit of the Borrowers a discretionary senior secured floorplan facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $375 million, together with a sublimit for a revolving credit facility for up to $100 million (collectively, the “2021 Credit Facility”).

The loss of the WFCDF credit facility, including during circumstances related to COVID-19,2021 Credit Facility could have a material adverse effect on our future results as we currently rely on this facility and its components for daily working capital and liquidity for our technology segment and as an operational function of our accounts payable process.

On October 1, 2020, we elected to exercise the temporary increase in the aggregate limit of the WFCDF credit facility to $350.0 million for a period of  30 days.RECOURSE NOTES PAYABLE

Recourse Notes Payable

Recourse notes payable consist of borrowings that, in the event of default, the lender has recourse against us in addition to the assets serving as collateral.

us. As of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020,2021, we had $2.3$44.9 million ofin recourse borrowings that were collateralized by investments in notes receivablewhich includes $29.0 million outstanding under our revolving credit facility with WFCDF, and leases.$15.9 million arising from one installment payment arrangement. Our principal and interest payments under this installment agreement are generally due monthlyquarterly in amounts that equalare correlated to the total payments due to us from thea customer under the leases ora related notes receivable that collateralize the notes payable. The weighted averagereceivable. We discounted our payments to calculate our payable balance using an interest rate for these borrowings was 2.55% of 3.50% as of both September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020.2021.

Non-recourse Notes PayableNON-RECOURSE NOTES PAYABLE

Non-recourse notes payable consists of borrowings that, in the event of a default by a customer, the lender generally only has recourse against the customer, and the assets serving as collateral, but not against us. As of September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020,2021, we had $38.1$25.4 million and $35.5$56.1 million, respectively, of non-recourse borrowings that were collateralized by investments in notes and leases. Principal and interest payments are generally due monthly in amounts that are approximately equal to the total payments due from the customer under the leases or notes receivable that collateralize the notes payable. The weighted average interest rate for our non-recourse notes payable was 3.15%3.59% and 3.84%3.35%, as of September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2020,2021, respectively.


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10.9.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal ProceedingsLEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From timeWe are subject to time, the Company may be involved in routinevarious legal proceedings, as well as demands, claims and threatened litigation, that arise in the normal course of our business.business and have not been fully resolved. The ultimate amount of liability, if any, for any claims of any type (either alone or in the aggregate) may materially and adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. In addition, the ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain. When a loss related to a legal proceeding or claim is probable and reasonably estimable, we accrue our best estimate for the ultimate resolution of the matter. If one or more legal matters are resolved against us in a reporting period for amounts above management’s expectations, our financial condition and operating results for that period could be adversely affected. Any outcome, whether favorable or unfavorable, may materially and adversely affect the Companyus due to legal costs and expenses, diversion of management attention and other factors. The Company expensesWe expense legal costs in the period incurred. The CompanyWe cannot assure that additional contingencies of a legal nature or contingencies having legal aspects will not be asserted against the Companyus in the future, and these matters could relate to prior, current or future transactions or events.events.

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11.10.EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings available to common shareholders by the basic weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated by dividing net earnings available to common shareholders by the basic weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus common stock equivalents during each period.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used to calculate basic and diluted net income per common share as disclosed on our unaudited consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019,2020, respectively (in thousands, except per share data).

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
                        
Net earnings attributable to common shareholders - basic and diluted $19,846  $20,098  $37,206  $36,286  $31,413  $19,846  $54,931  $37,206 
                              �� 
Basic and diluted common shares outstanding:                                
Weighted average common shares outstanding — basic  13,372   13,312   13,347   13,334   13,332   13,372   13,333   13,347 
Effect of dilutive shares  19   38   47   74   100   19   98   47 
Weighted average shares common outstanding — diluted  13,391   13,350   13,394   13,408   13,432   13,391   13,431   13,394 
                                
Earnings per common share - basic $1.48  $1.51  $2.79  $2.72  $2.36  $1.48  $4.12  $2.79 
                                
Earnings per common share - diluted $1.48  $1.51  $2.78  $2.71  $2.34  $1.48  $4.09  $2.78 

STOCK SPLIT

On November 9, 2021, our Board of Directors declared a 2-for-one stock split effected in the form of a stock dividend. The stock split will be in the form of a 100 percent stock dividend payable on December 13, 2021, to shareholders of record at the close of business on November 29, 2021. We expect that our common stock will begin trading at the split-adjusted price on December 14, 2021.

All references made to share or per share amounts in the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and applicable disclosures herein, other than the table immediately below, are presented on a pre-split basis. The following table provides pro forma earnings per share, giving retroactive effect to the stock split (in thousands, except per share data):

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Earnings per common share:            
Basic - pro forma  1.18   0.74   2.06   1.39 
Diluted - pro forma  1.17   0.74   2.04   1.39 
                 
Weighted average common shares outstanding:                
Basic - pro forma  26,664   26,744   26,666   26,694 
Diluted - pro forma  26,864   26,782   26,862   26,788 

As a result of the stock split, all historical per share data and number of shares outstanding presented in future financial statements will be retroactively adjusted.

12.11.STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Share Repurchase PlanSHARE REPURCHASE PLAN

On May 24, 2019,March 18, 2021, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 500,000 shares of our outstanding common stock over a 12-month period beginning on May 28, 2019,2021, and ending on May 27, 2020.2022. The plan authorized purchases to be made from time to time in the open market, or in privately negotiated transactions, subject to availability. Any repurchased shares will have the status of treasury shares and may be used, when needed, for general corporate purposes.

On May 20, 2020, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to 500,000 shares of our outstanding common stock over a 12-month period beginning on May 28, 2020, and ending on May 27, 2021. The plan authorized purchases to be made from time to time in the open market, or in privately negotiated transactions, subject to availability. Any repurchased shares will have the status of treasury shares and may be used, when needed, for general corporate purposes.

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During the six months ended September 30, 2021, we purchased 49,028 shares of our outstanding common stock at a value of $4.3 million under the share repurchase plan; we also purchased 27,715 shares of common stock at a value of $2.6 million to satisfy tax withholding obligations relating to the vesting of employees’ restricted stock.

During the six months ended September 30, 2020, we purchased 24,318 shares of our outstanding common stock at a value of $1.8 million under the share repurchase plan; we also purchased 37,640 shares of common stock at a value of $2.7 million to satisfy tax withholding obligations relating to the vesting of employees’ restricted stock.

During the six months ended September 30, 2019, we purchased 149,044 shares of our outstanding common stock at a value of $10.7 million under the share repurchase plan; we also purchased 41,817 shares of common stock at a value of $3.0 million to satisfy tax withholding obligations relating to the vesting of employees’ restricted stock.



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13.12.SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

Share-Based PlansSHARE-BASED PLANS

ePlus’ 2021 Employee Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2021 Employee LTIP”) was approved by our shareholders on September 16, 2021. The 2021 Employee LTIP is effective October 1, 2021 and replaces the ePlus inc. 2012 Employee Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2012 Employee LTIP”), as approved by our stockholders on September 13, 2012. Beginning October 1, 2021, 0 further shares will be granted under the 2012 Employee LTIP.

As of September 30, 2020,2021, we had share-based awards outstanding under the following plans: (1) the 2017 Non-Employee Director Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2017 Director LTIP”), and (2) the 2012 Employee Long-Term Incentive Plan ("2012 Employee LTIP"). LTIP.

These share-based plans define fair market value as the previousclosing sales price of a share of common stock as quoted on any established stock exchange for such date or the most recent trading day's closing price when the grantday preceding such date fallsif there were no trades on a date the stock was not traded.such date.

Restricted Stock ActivityRESTRICTED STOCK ACTIVITY

For the six months ended September 30, 2021, we granted 6,393 shares under the 2017 Director LTIP, and 77,861 restricted shares under the 2012 Employee LTIP. For the six months ended September 30, 2020, we granted 9,309 restricted shares under the 2017 Director LTIP, and 89,873 restricted shares under the 2012 Employee LTIP. For the six months ended September 30, 2019, we granted 8,132 restricted shares under the 2017 Director LTIP, and 85,132 restricted shares under the 2012 Employee LTIP. A summary of the restricted sharesgrants is as follows:

 
Number of
Shares
  
Weighted
Average Grant-
date Fair Value
 
       
Nonvested April 1, 2020  193,580  $73.74 
Granted  99,182  $71.81 
Vested  (110,155) $70.00 
Forfeited  0  $0 
Nonvested September 30, 2020  182,607  $74.95 
 
Number of
Shares
  
Weighted Average
Grant-date Fair Value
 
       
Nonvested April 1, 2021
  183,378  $74.97 
Granted  84,254  $92.99 
Vested  (92,093) $78.12 
Nonvested September 30, 2021
  175,539  $82.00 

Upon each vesting period of the restricted stock awards, employees are subject to minimum tax withholding obligations. Under the 2012 Employee LTIP, we may purchase a sufficient number ofpurchased enough shares due to the participantparticipants to satisfy theirthe minimum tax withholding requirements on employee stock awards. For the six months ended September 30, 2020, the Company2021, we withheld 37,64027,715 shares of common stock at a value of $2.7$2.6 million, which was included in treasury stock.

Compensation ExpenseCOMPENSATION EXPENSE

We recognize compensation cost for awards of restricted stock with graded vesting on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. There are no additional conditions for vesting other than service conditions. DuringShare-based compensation expense for both the three months ended September 30, 2020, and 2019, we recognized $1.8 million and $2.1 million of total share-based compensation expense, respectively. During the six months ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, were $1.8 million and 2019, we recognized $3.6 million, and $4.1 million of total share-based compensation expense, respectively. Unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested restricted stock was $11.6$12.4 million as of September 30, 2020,2021, which will be fully recognized over the next 33 months.

We also provide our employees with a contributory 401(k) profit sharing plan, to which we may contribute from time to time at our sole discretion. Employer contributions to the plan are always fully vested at all times.vested. Our estimated contribution expense for the plan for both the three months ended September 30, 2021, and 2020, and 2019, was $0.7$1.0 million and $1.4$0.7 million, for bothrespectively. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019.2020, our estimated contribution expense for the plan was $1.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

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14.13.INCOME TAXES

We account for our tax positions in accordance with Codification Topic 740, Income Taxes. Under the guidance, we evaluate uncertain tax positions based on the two-step approach. The first step is to evaluate each uncertain tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained in an audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. For tax positions that are not likely of being sustained upon audit, the second step requires us to estimate and measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.

Our total gross unrecognized tax benefits recorded for uncertain income tax, and interest and penalties thereon, were negligible as of September 30, 2020,2021, and September 30, 2019.2020. We had 0 additions or reductions to our gross unrecognized tax benefits during the six months ended September 30, 2020.2021. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.


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15.14.FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We account for the fair values of our assets and liabilities in accordance with Codification Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure. The following table summarizes the fair value hierarchy of our financial instruments as of September 30, 20202021, and March 31, 20202021 (in thousands):

    Fair Value Measurement Using 
  
Recorded
Amount
  
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
             
September 30, 2020
            
Assets:            
Money market funds $45,132  $45,132  $0  $0 
                 
March 31, 2020
                
Assets:                
Money market funds $128  $128  $0  $0 
                 
Liabilities:                
Contingent consideration $220  $0  $0  $220 

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, we did 0t record significant adjustments to our liability for contingent consideration arising from a past business combination. In August 2020, we paid $219 thousand to fully satisfy the obligations of our contingent consideration arrangement.

For the three and six months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded adjustments to operating expenses of $1.1 million and $1.5 million, respectively, that increased our liability for contingent consideration arising from our past business combinations. In September 2019, we reached a settlement in full of one of our contingent consideration arrangements in the amount of $9.6 million, that was paid in October 2019. Additionally, in September 2019, we paid $0.5 million to satisfy certain current obligations in another of these arrangements.
    Fair Value Measurement Using 
  
Recorded
Amount
  
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
  
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
September 30, 2021
            
Assets:            
Money market funds $136  $136  $0  $0 
                 
March 31, 2021
                
Assets:                
Money market funds $45,134  $45,134  $0  $0 

16.15.BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

ABS TechnologySYSTEMS MANAGEMENT PLANNING, INC. (SMP)

On August 23, 2019,December 31, 2020, our subsidiary, ePlus Technology, inc., acquired certain assets and liabilities of ABS Technology, a Virginia Beach, Virginia- headquarteredSMP, an established provider of technology solutions provider with deep expertiseand services in managed services, networking,upstate New York and the Northeast. The acquisition enhances ePlus’ footprint across the region, broadens our technology solution offerings especially in the areas of collaboration and security solutions. ABS Technology enhances supporting virtual employees, and adds to ePlus’ existing solutions portfolioset of commercial, enterprise and market position in Richmondstate, local, and southern Virginia.education customers.

Our sum of consideration transferred was $15.3$27.0 million consisting of $13.8$29.0 million paid in cash at closing plus $1.7less $2.0 million that was paid primarily during the yearback to us in our quarter ended March 31, 2020, upon the collection of certain accounts receivable and less $0.2 million that was repaid to us in December 2019 due2021, related to a working capital adjustment. Our allocation of the purchase consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is presented below (in thousands):

 
Acquisition Date
Amount
  
Acquisition
Date Amount
 
Accounts receivable  9,208  $14,526 
Other assets  743   3,344 
Identified intangible assets  5,720   14,280 
Accounts payable and other current liabilities  (6,715)  (11,424)
Performance obligation  (1,140)
    
Performance obligations  (2,020)
Total identifiable net assets  7,816   18,706 
Goodwill  7,461   8,328 
    
Total purchase consideration $15,277  $27,034 

The identified intangible assets of $5.7$14.3 million consistconsists of customer relationships with an estimated useful life of seven (7) years. The fair value of acquired receivables equals the gross contractual amounts receivable. We expect to collect all acquired receivables.

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We recognized goodwill related to this transaction of $7.5$8.3 million, which was assigned to our technology reporting unit. The goodwill recognized in the acquisition is attributable to the acquired assembled workforce and expected synergies, none of which qualify for recognition as a separate intangible asset. The total amount of goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes. The amount of revenues and earnings of the acquiree since the acquisition date are not material. Likewise, the impact to the revenue and earnings of the combined entity for the current reporting period as though the acquisition date had been April 1, 2019,2020, is not material.



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17.16.SEGMENT REPORTING

Our operations are conducted through 2 operating segments that are also both reportable segments. Our technology segment includes sales of IT products, third-party software, third-party maintenance, advanced professional and managed services, and our proprietary software to commercial enterprises, state and local governments, and government contractors. Our financing segment consists of the financing of IT equipment, software, and related services to commercial enterprises, state and local governments, and government contractors. We measure the performance of the segments based on operating income.

Our reportable segment information for the three- andthree-and six-month periods ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 are summarized in the following tablestable (in thousands):

 Three Months Ended  Three Months Ended 
 September 30, 2020  September 30, 2019  September 30, 2021  September 30, 2020 
 Technology  Financing  Total  Technology  Financing  Total  Technology  Financing  Total  Technology  Financing  Total 
                                    
Sales                                    
Product $369,934  $13,722  $383,656  $349,650  $13,847  $363,497  $375,444  $21,716  $397,160  $369,934  $13,722  $383,656 
Service  49,425   0   49,425   48,068   0   48,068   60,857   0   60,857   49,425   0   49,425 
Net sales  419,359   13,722   433,081   397,718   13,847   411,565   436,301   21,716   458,017   419,359   13,722   433,081 
                                                
Cost of Sales                                                
Product  301,006   1,957   302,963   276,475   2,388   278,863   293,837   3,792   297,629   301,006   1,957   302,963 
Service  31,156   0   31,156   29,671   0   29,671   37,386   0   37,386   31,156   0   31,156 
Total cost of sales  332,162   1,957   334,119   306,146   2,388   308,534   331,223   3,792   335,015   332,162   1,957   334,119 
                        
Gross Profit  87,197   11,765   98,962   91,572   11,459   103,031   105,078   17,924   123,002   87,197   11,765   98,962 
                                                
Selling, general, and administrative  62,586   4,303   66,889   67,189   3,334   70,523   70,803   3,701   74,504   62,586   4,303   66,889 
Depreciation and amortization  3,313   28   3,341   3,529   28   3,557   3,825   28   3,853   3,313   28   3,341 
Interest and financing costs  1   246   247   0   576   576   199   143   342   1   246   247 
Operating expenses  65,900   4,577   70,477   70,718   3,938   74,656   74,827   3,872   78,699   65,900   4,577   70,477 
                                                
Operating income  21,297   7,188   28,485   20,854   7,521   28,375   30,251   14,052   44,303   21,297   7,188   28,485 
                                                
Other income          184           (40)
Other income (expense)          (325)          184 
                                                
Earnings before tax         $28,669          $28,335          $43,978          $28,669 
                                                
Net Sales                                                
Contracts with customers $412,357  $1,028  $413,385  $394,585  $1,411  $395,996  $430,339  $1,776  $432,115  $412,357  $1,028  $413,385 
Financing and other  7,002   12,694   19,696   3,133   12,436   15,569   5,962   19,940   25,902   7,002   12,694   19,696 
Net Sales $419,359  $13,722  $433,081  $397,718  $13,847  $411,565  $436,301  $21,716  $458,017  $419,359  $13,722  $433,081 
                                                
Selected Financial Data - Statement of Cash Flow                                                
                                                
Depreciation and amortization $3,499  $1,182  $4,681  $3,658  $1,455  $5,113  $4,074  $1,888  $5,962  $3,499  $1,182  $4,681 
Purchases of property, equipment and operating lease equipment $990  $0  $990  $1,426  $1,944  $3,370  $948  $8,301  $9,249  $990  $0  $990 
                                                
Selected Financial Data - Balance Sheet                                                
                                                
Total assets $812,633  $226,078  $1,038,711  $690,648  $223,618  $914,266  $902,070  $237,875  $1,139,945  $812,633  $226,078  $1,038,711 

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 Six Months Ended 
  September 30, 2021  September 30, 2020 
  Technology  Financing  Total  Technology  Financing  Total 
                   
Sales                  
Product $720,210  $38,007  $758,217  $663,367  $27,529  $690,896 
Service  116,449   0   116,449   97,216   0   97,216 
Net sales  836,659   38,007   874,666   760,583   27,529   788,112 
                         
Cost of Sales                        
Product  564,852   10,004   574,856   525,549   4,048   529,597 
Service  71,296   0   71,296   60,996   0   60,996 
Total cost of sales  636,148   10,004   646,152   586,545   4,048   590,593 
                         
Gross Profit  200,511   28,003   228,514   174,038   23,481   197,519 
                         
Selling, general, and administrative  136,956   6,323   143,279   128,142   8,214   136,356 
Depreciation and amortization  7,723   56   7,779   6,801   56   6,857 
Interest and financing costs  358   343   701   266   558   824 
Operating expenses  145,037   6,722   151,759   135,209   8,828   144,037 
                         
Operating income  55,474   21,281   76,755   38,829   14,653   53,482 
                         
Other income (expense)          (202)          282 
                         
Earnings before tax         $76,553          $53,764 
                         
Net Sales                        
Contracts with customers $826,880  $7,194  $834,074  $746,344  $1,988  $748,332 
Financing and other  9,779   30,813   40,592   14,239   25,541   39,780 
Net Sales $836,659  $38,007  $874,666  $760,583  $27,529  $788,112 
                         
Selected Financial Data - Statement of Cash Flow                        
                         
Depreciation and amortization $8,177  $3,867  $12,044  $7,133  $2,327  $9,460 
Purchases of property, equipment and operating lease equipment $2,255  $13,988  $16,243  $3,101  $166  $3,267 
                         
Selected Financial Data - Balance Sheet                        
                         
Total assets $902,070  $237,875  $1,139,945  $812,633  $226,078  $1,038,711 

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 Six Months Ended 
  September 30, 2020  September 30, 2019 
  Technology  Financing  Total  Technology  Financing  Total 
                   
Sales                  
Product $663,367  $27,529  $690,896  $672,414  $26,684  $699,098 
Service  97,216   0   97,216   93,839   0   93,839 
Net sales  760,583   27,529   788,112   766,253   26,684   792,937 
                         
Cost of Sales                        
Product  525,549   4,048   529,597   534,529   4,397   538,926 
Service  60,996   0   60,996   58,341   0   58,341 
Total cost of sales  586,545   4,048   590,593   592,870   4,397   597,267 
Gross Profit  174,038   23,481   197,519   173,383   22,287   195,670 
                         
Selling, general, and administrative  128,142   8,214   136,356   129,856   6,454   136,310 
Depreciation and amortization  6,801   56   6,857   6,936   84   7,020 
Interest and financing costs  266   558   824   0   1,204   1,204 
Operating expenses  135,209   8,828   144,037   136,792   7,742   144,534 
                         
Operating income  38,829   14,653   53,482   36,591   14,545   51,136 
                         
Other income          282           (85)
                         
Earnings before tax         $53,764          $51,051 
                         
Net Sales                        
Contracts with customers $746,344  $1,988  $748,332  $758,266  $2,200  $760,466 
Financing and other  14,239   25,541   39,780   7,987   24,484   32,471 
Net Sales $760,583  $27,529  $788,112  $766,253  $26,684  $792,937 
                         
Selected Financial Data - Statement of Cash Flow                        
                         
Depreciation and amortization $7,133  $2,327  $9,460  $7,283  $2,794  $10,077 
Purchases of property, equipment and operating lease equipment $3,101  $166  $3,267  $2,675  $2,213  $4,888 
                         
Selected Financial Data - Balance Sheet                        
                         
Total assets $812,633  $226,078  $1,038,711  $690,648  $223,618  $914,266 

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Technology Segment Disaggregation of RevenueTECHNOLOGY SEGMENT DISAGGREGATION OF REVENUE

We analyze net sales for our technology segment by customer end market and by vendor, as opposed to discrete product and service categories, which are summarized for the three and six month periods ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 in the tables below (in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Six Months Ended September 30, 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Customer end market:                        
Telecom, Media & Entertainment $115,784  $96,927  $227,976  $153,579 
Technology $76,321  $97,502  $146,288  $173,682   53,752   76,321   122,892   146,288 
Telecom, Media & Entertainment  96,927   71,044   153,579   133,510 
Financial Services  46,732   44,605   94,153   92,847 
State and local government and educational institutions  76,492   71,866   147,055   143,057   68,662   76,492   134,077   147,055 
Healthcare  59,252   59,818   105,788   115,926   88,237   59,252   142,925   105,788 
Financial Services  37,036   46,732   67,047   94,153 
All others  63,635   52,883   113,720   107,231   72,830   63,635   141,742   113,720 
Net sales  419,359   397,718   760,583   766,253   436,301   419,359   836,659   760,583 
                                
Less: Revenue from financing and other  (7,002)  (3,133)  (14,239)  (7,987)  (5,962)  (7,002)  (9,779)  (14,239)
                                
Revenue from contracts with customers $412,357  $394,585  $746,344  $758,266  $430,339  $412,357  $826,880  $746,344 

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Six Months Ended September 30, 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Vendor                        
Cisco Systems $173,166  $172,605  $301,098  $318,786  $174,072  $173,166  $340,974  $301,098 
Dell / EMC  43,498   15,349   69,838   46,430 
Juniper Networks  18,438   24,716   43,152   38,295 
HP Inc. & HPE  14,038   16,395   31,240   33,433 
Arista Networks  8,047   13,443   19,545   20,263 
NetApp  9,914   9,771   25,335   23,198   29,536   9,914   39,993   25,335 
HP Inc. & HPE  16,395   18,986   33,433   42,099 
Dell EMC  15,349   12,494   46,430   26,275 
Arista Networks  13,443   26,766   20,263   47,716 
Juniper Networks  24,716   24,370   38,295   31,424 
All others  166,376   132,726   295,729   276,755   148,672   166,376   291,917   295,729 
Net sales  419,359   397,718   760,583   766,253   436,301   419,359   836,659   760,583 
                                
Less: Revenue from financing and other  (7,002)  (3,133)  (14,239)  (7,987)  (5,962)  (7,002)  (9,779)  (14,239)
                                
Revenue from contracts with customers $412,357  $394,585  $746,344  $758,266  $430,339  $412,357  $826,880  $746,344 

Financing Segment Disaggregation of RevenueFINANCING SEGMENT DISAGGREGATION OF REVENUE

We analyze our revenues within our financing segment based on the nature of the arrangement, and ourarrangement. Our revenues from contracts with customers within our financing segment consist entirely of proceeds from the sale of off-lease equipment.


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Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsMANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULT OF OPERATIONS

This discussion is intended to further the reader’s understanding of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations. It should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and our 20202021 Annual Report. These historical financial statements may not be indicative of our future performance. This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations may contain forward-looking statements, all of which are based on our current expectations and could be affected by the uncertainties and risks described in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our 20202021 Annual Report.,Report, as supplemented in subsequently filed reports, and in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Report.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Business DescriptionBUSINESS DESCRIPTION

We are a leading solutions provider that delivers actionable outcomes for organizations by using IT and consulting solutions to drive business agility and innovation. Leveraging our engineering talent, we assess, plan, deliver, and secure solutions comprised of leading technologies and consumption models aligned with our customers’ needs. Our expertise and experience enable ePlusus to craft optimized solutions that take advantage of the cost, scale and efficiency of private, public and hybrid cloud in an evolving market. We also provide consulting, staffing, professional, managed, IT staff augmentation, and complete lifecycle management services including flexible financing and solutions in the areas of security, cloud, networking, data center, collaboration and emerging technologies. We have been in the business of selling, leasing, financing, and managing IT and other assets for more than 30 years.

Our primary focus is to deliver integrated solutions that address our customers’ business needs, leveraging the appropriate technologies, both on-premise and in the cloud. Our approach is to lead with advisory consulting to understand our customers’ needs, and then design, deploy and manage solutions aligned to their objectives. Underpinning the broader areas of Cloud, Security, Networking, Data Center and Collaboration are specific skills in orchestration and automation, application modernization, DevOps, data management, data visualization, analytics, network modernization, edge compute and other advanced and emerging technologies. These solutions are comprised of class leadingclass-leading technologies from partners such as Amazon Web Services, Arista Networks, Blue Coat, Check Point, Cisco Systems, Citrix, Commvault, Dell EMC, Extreme Networks, F5 Networks, Fortinet, Gigamon, HPE, Juniper Networks, Lenovo, Microsoft, NetApp, Nutanix, NVIDIA, Oracle, Palo Alto Networks, Proofpoint, Pure Storage, Qumulo, Rubrik, Splunk, SymantecVaronis, and VMware, among many others. We possess top-level engineering certifications with a broad range of leading IT vendors that enable us to offer multi-vendor IT solutions that are optimized for each of our customers’ specific requirements. Our hosted, proprietary software solutions are focused on giving our customers more control over their IT supply chain, by automating and optimizing the procurement and management of their owned, leased, and consumption-based assets.

Our scale and financial resources have enabled us to continue investing in engineering and technology resources to stay current with emergingon the forefront of technology trends. Our expertise in core and emerging technologies, buttressed by our robust portfolio of consulting, professional, and managed services, has enabled ePlus to remain a trusted advisor for our customers. In addition, we offer a wide range of consumption options including leasing and financing for technology and other capital assets. We believe our lifecycle approach offering of integrated solutions, services and financing, asset management and our proprietary supply chain software, areis unique in the industry. This broad portfolio enables us to deliver a unique customer experience that spans the continuum from fast delivery of competitively priced products, services, subsequent management and upkeep, through to end-of-life disposal services. This approach permits ePlus to deploy ever-more-sophisticatedsophisticated solutions enabling our customers’ business outcomes.

Our go-to-market strategy focuses primarily on diverse end-markets for middle market to large enterprises. For the trailing twelve-month period ended September 30, 2020, the percentage of revenue by customer end market within our technology segment includes technology industry 19%, telecommunications,We serve customers in markets including telecom, media and entertainment, 20%,technology, state and local government and educational institutions (“SLED”) 16%, healthcare, 15%, and financial services 13%. The majority of our sales were generated within services. We sell to customers in the United States (“US”); however, we have the ability, which accounts for most of our sales, and to support our customers nationally and internationally,in select international markets including physical locations in the United Kingdom (“UK”), the European Union (“EU”), India, and India.Singapore. Our technology segment accounts for 97%96% of our net sales, and 73%72% of our operating income, while our financing segment accounts for 3%4% of our net sales, and 27%28% of our operating income, for the six months ended September 30, 2020.2021.

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Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business OperationsBUSINESS TRENDS

COVID-19 pandemic update: The COVID-19novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic continues to have widespread, rapidly evolving, and unpredictable impacts on global society, economies, financial markets, and business practices. Federal, state and local governments and public health authorities have required and may in the future require measures to contain the virus, including vaccine mandates, social distancing, travel restrictions, border closures, limitations on public gatherings, work from home, safety-related modifications to workplaces, supply chain logistical changes, and closure of non-essential businesses.

As COVID-19 impacts continue to expand across the country and globe, we have been adjusting our business activities for the safety of our employees and to best serve our customers in this rapidly evolving environment. WeMost of our offices are open, with required health and safety protocols in place. However, we have implemented a flexible work from home strategy applicable to all offices and operational continuity plans to provide sufficient resources to continue supporting our customers. For employees who wishcustomers, and we will continue to returnevaluate returning to the office we have reopened our headquarters with limited capacity and required health and safety protocols in place. We plan to reopen our other offices using a phased approach but currently have not set a schedule to do so.on an ongoing basis. Our configuration centers have remained open with our employees working in them following required health and safety protocols. In addition, we also have a procedure to review and approveour employees’ business-related travel.travel in accordance with health regulations and guidance. Our managed service teams are distributed across the US with the ability to leverage technology to provide coverage while working from home. While we and many of our customers and vendor partners have restricted travel, we are leveraging video and other collaborative tools to continue to be responsive.

Our account relationship teams are actively engaging with our customers, to ensure they have the support needed in adjusting to changes in the business environment and government directives. In addition, we granted a limited number of customers temporary payment term extensions. Also, we are working closely with our vendor partners to address varying impacts on their supply chain to satisfy infrastructure needs. Certain of our vendor partners extended payment terms to us and our competitors.chains, which have been impacted by materials shortages.

We continue to execute against and adjust our business continuity plans to maximize our ability to support our employees and customers in concert with our vendor partners. We have an internal resource page to support specific customer inquiries from security to collaboration to financing options. We remain committed to driving positive business outcomes.

The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business going forward will depend on numerous evolving factors we cannot reliably predict, including the duration and scope of the pandemic;pandemic including the impact of variants; governmental, business, and individuals'individuals’ actions in response to the pandemic; the efficacy of vaccines and boosters, the duration of the vaccination distribution, the willingness of people to be inoculated, and potential vaccine mandates; and the impact on economic activity including the possibility of recession, inflation, or financial market instability. These factors may adversely impact business and government spending on technology as well as our customers'customers’ ability to pay for our products and services on an ongoing basis. This uncertainty also affects management’s accounting estimates and assumptions, which could result in greater variability in a variety of areas that depend on these estimates and assumptions. Refer to Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our 20202021 Annual Report.Report, as supplemented in subsequently filed reports, and in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Report.

Key Business MetricsSupply constraints: A worldwide shortage of certain IT products is resulting from, among other things, shortages in semiconductors and other components of those products. Like others, we are experiencing ongoing supply constraints that have affected, and could continue to further affect, lead times for delivery of products, the costs of products, vendor return and cancellation policies, and our ability to meet customer demands. We continue to work closely with our suppliers to further mitigate disruptions outside our control. Despite these actions, we believe extended lead times will likely persist for at least the next few quarters.

KEY BUSINESS METRICS

Our management monitors a number ofseveral financial and non-financial measures and ratios on a regular basis to track the progress of our business. We believe that the most important of these measures and ratios include net sales, gross margin, operating income margin, net earnings, net earnings per common share, adjustedAdjusted EBITDA, adjustedAdjusted EBITDA margin, adjustedAdjusted gross billings, and non-GAAP netNon-GAAP Net earnings per share. We use a variety of operating and other information to evaluate the operating performance of our business, develop financial forecasts, make strategic decisions, and prepare and approve annual budgets.

These key indicators include financial information that is prepared in accordance with US GAAP and presented in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as non-GAAPNon-GAAP performance measurement tools. Generally, a non-GAAPNon-GAAP financial measure is a numerical measure of a company’s performance or financial position that either excludes or includes amounts that are not normally excluded or included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with US GAAP. Non-GAAP measures used by management may differ from similar measures used by other companies, even when similar terms are used to identify such measures.

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Our key business metrics for the three- and six-month periods ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 are summarized in the following tables (dollars in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
Consolidated 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Net sales $433,081  $411,565  $788,112  $792,937  $458,017  $433,081  $874,666  $788,112 
                                
Gross profit $98,962  $103,031  $197,519  $195,670  $123,002  $98,962  $228,514  $197,519 
Gross margin  22.9%  25.0%  25.1%  24.7%  26.9%  22.9%  26.1%  25.1%
Operating income margin  6.6%  6.9%  6.8%  6.4%  9.7%  6.6%  8.8%  6.8%
                                
Net earnings $19,846  $20,098  $37,206  $36,286  $31,413  $19,846  $54,931  $37,206 
Net earnings margin  4.6%  4.9%  4.7%  4.6%  6.9%  4.6%  6.3%  4.7%
Net earnings per common share - diluted $1.48  $1.51  $2.78  $2.71  $2.34  $1.48  $4.09  $2.78 
                                
Non-GAAP: Net earnings (1) $22,470  $24,228  $42,677  $43,687  $34,806  $22,470  $61,159  $42,677 
Non-GAAP: Net earnings per common share - diluted (1) $1.68  $1.81  $3.19  $3.26  $2.59  $1.68  $4.55  $3.19 
                                
Adjusted EBITDA (2) $33,561  $35,405  $64,275  $63,972  $50,195  $33,561  $88,467  $64,275 
Adjusted EBITDA margin  7.7%  8.6%  8.2%  8.1%  11.0%  7.7%  10.1%  8.2%
                                
Purchases of property and equipment used internally $990  $1,426  $3,101  $2,675  $948  $990  $2,255  $3,101 
Purchases of equipment under operating leases  -   1,944   166   2,213   8,301   -   13,988   166 
Total capital expenditures $990  $3,370  $3,267  $4,888  $9,249  $990  $16,243  $3,267 
                                
                
Technology Segment                                
Net sales $419,359  $397,718  $760,583  $766,253  $436,301  $419,359  $836,659  $760,583 
Adjusted gross billings (3) $601,064  $579,084  $1,147,458  $1,127,447  $664,124  $601,064  $1,297,131  $1,147,458 
                                
Gross profit $87,197  $91,572  $174,038  $173,383  $105,078  $87,197  $200,511  $174,038 
Gross margin  20.8%  23.0%  22.9%  22.6%  24.1%  20.8%  24.0%  22.9%
                                
Operating income $21,297  $20,854  $38,829  $36,591  $30,251  $21,297  $55,474  $38,829 
Adjusted EBITDA (2) $26,275  $27,789  $49,436  $49,208  $36,059  $26,275  $67,017  $49,436 
                                
Financing Segment                                
Net sales $13,722  $13,847  $27,529  $26,684  $21,716  $13,722  $38,007  $27,529 
                                
Gross profit $11,765  $11,459  $23,481  $22,287  $17,924  $11,765  $28,003  $23,481 
                                
Operating Income $7,188  $7,521  $14,653  $14,545 
Operating income $14,052  $7,188  $21,281  $14,653 
Adjusted EBITDA (2) $7,286  $7,616  $14,839  $14,764  $14,136  $7,286  $21,450  $14,839 

(1)Non-GAAP netNet earnings and non-GAAP netNon-GAAP Net earnings per common share – diluted is based on net earnings calculated in accordance with GAAP, adjusted to exclude other income (expense), share basedshare-based compensation, and acquisition and integration expenses, and the related tax effects.

We use non-GAAP netNon-GAAP Net earnings per common share as a supplemental measure of our performance to gain insight into our operating performance. We believe that the exclusion of other income (expense), share-based compensation, and acquisition-related amortization expense in calculating non-GAAP netNon-GAAP Net earnings per common share provides management and investors a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business and operating results by excluding items that management believes are not reflective of our underlying operating performance. Accordingly, we believe that non-GAAP netNon-GAAP Net earnings per common share provide useful information to investors and others to understandin understanding and evaluateevaluating our operating results. However, our use of non-GAAPNon-GAAP information as analytical tools has limitations, and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our financial results as reported under GAAP. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, might calculate similar non-GAAP netNon-GAAP Net earnings and non-GAAP netNon-GAAP Net earnings per common share or similarly titled measures differently, which may reduce their usefulness as comparative measures.

2827


 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
GAAP: Earnings before tax $28,669  $28,335  $53,764  $51,051  $43,978  $28,669  $76,553  $53,764 
Share based compensation  1,764   2,135   3,671   4,077   1,840   1,764   3,575   3,671 
Acquisition and integration expense  (30)  1,338   (1)  1,739   -   (30)  -   (1)
Acquisition related amortization expense  2,172   2,345   4,400   4,532   2,661   2,172   5,357   4,400 
Other (income) expense  (184)  40   (282)  85   325   (184)  202   (282)
Non-GAAP: Earnings before provision for income taxes  32,391   34,193   61,552   61,484   48,804   32,391   85,687   61,552 
                                
GAAP: Provision for income taxes  8,823   8,237   16,558   14,765   12,565   8,823   21,622   16,558 
Share based compensation  541   624   1,128   1,183   528   541   1,024   1,128 
Acquisition and integration expense  (9)  391   -   506   -   (9)  -   - 
Acquisition related amortization expense  648   663   1,315   1,270   750   648   1,507   1,315 
Other (income) expense  (56)  12   (86)  25   93   (56)  58   (86)
Tax (expense) benefit on restricted stock  (26)  38   (40)  48 
Tax benefit (expense) on restricted stock  62   (26)  317   (40)
Non-GAAP: Provision for income taxes  9,921   9,965   18,875   17,797   13,998   9,921   24,528   18,875 
                                
Non-GAAP: Net earnings $22,470  $24,228  $42,677  $43,687  $34,806  $22,470  $61,159  $42,677 
                                
GAAP: Net earnings per common share - diluted $1.48  $1.51  $2.78  $2.71  $2.34  $1.48  $4.09  $2.78 
                                
Non-GAAP: Net earnings per common share - diluted $1.68  $1.81  $3.19  $3.26  $2.59  $1.68  $4.55  $3.19 

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
GAAP: Net earnings per common share - diluted $1.48  $1.51  $2.78  $2.71  $2.34  $1.48  $4.09  $2.78 
                                
Share based compensation  0.09   0.11   0.19   0.22   0.09   0.09   0.18   0.19 
Acquisition and integration expense  -   0.07   -   0.09 
Acquisition related amortization expense  0.11   0.12   0.23   0.24   0.14   0.11   0.29   0.23 
Other (income) expense  -   -   (0.01)  -   0.02   -   0.01   (0.01)
Tax benefit on restricted stock  -   -   -   - 
Tax benefit (expense) on restricted stock  -   -   (0.02)  - 
Total non-GAAP adjustments - net of tax  0.20   0.30   0.41   0.55   0.25   0.20   0.46   0.41 
                                
Non-GAAP: Net earnings per common share - diluted $1.68  $1.81  $3.19  $3.26  $2.59  $1.68  $4.55  $3.19 

(2)
We define adjustedAdjusted EBITDA as net earnings calculated in accordance with GAAP, adjusted for the following: interest expense, depreciation and amortization, share basedshare-based compensation, acquisition and integration expenses, provision for income taxes, and other income (expense).income. Segment adjustedAdjusted EBITDA is defined as operating income calculated in accordance with GAAP, adjusted for interest expense, share basedshare-based compensation, acquisition and integration expenses, and depreciation and amortization. We consider the interest on notes payable from our financing segment and depreciation expense presented within cost of sales, which includes depreciation on assets financed as operating leases, to be operating expenses. As such, they are not included in the amounts added back to net earnings in the adjustedAdjusted EBITDA calculation. We provide below a reconciliation of adjustedAdjusted EBITDA to net earnings, which is the most directly comparable financial measure to this non-GAAPNon-GAAP financial measure. Adjusted EBITDA margin is our calculation of adjustedAdjusted EBITDA divided by net sales. The presentation of Adjusted EBITDA has been changed from prior period presentations to include adjustments for expenses related to acquisitions such as legal, accounting, tax, and adjustments to the fair value of contingent purchase price consideration as well as stock compensation.

We use adjustedAdjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure of our performance to gain insight into our operating performance. We believe that the exclusion of other income in calculating adjustedAdjusted EBITDA and adjustedAdjusted EBITDA margin provides management and investors a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of our business and operating results by excluding items that management believes are not reflective of our underlying operating performance. Accordingly, we believe that adjustedAdjusted EBITDA and adjustedAdjusted EBITDA margin provide useful information to investors and others to understandin understanding and evaluateevaluating our operating results. However, our use of adjustedAdjusted EBITDA and adjustedAdjusted EBITDA margin as analytical tools has limitations, and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our financial results as reported under GAAP. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, might calculate adjustedAdjusted EBITDA and adjustedAdjusted EBITDA margin or similarly titled measures differently, which may reduce their usefulness as a comparative measure.measures.

2928



 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
Consolidated 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Net earnings $19,846  $20,098  $37,206  $36,286  $31,413  $19,846  $54,931  $37,206 
Provision for income taxes  8,823   8,237   16,558   14,765   12,565   8,823   21,622   16,558 
Share based compensation  1,764   2,135   3,671   4,077   1,840   1,764   3,575   3,671 
Interest and financing costs  1   -   266   -   199   1   358   266 
Acquisition and integration expense  (30)  1,338   (1)  1,739   -   (30)  -   (1)
Depreciation and amortization  3,341   3,557   6,857   7,020   3,853   3,341   7,779   6,857 
Other (income) expense  (184)  40   (282)  85 
Other income (expense)  325   (184)  202   (282)
Adjusted EBITDA $33,561  $35,405  $64,275  $63,972  $50,195  $33,561  $88,467  $64,275 
                                
Technology Segment                                
Operating income $21,297  $20,854  $38,829  $36,591  $30,251  $21,297  $55,474  $38,829 
Depreciation and amortization  3,313   3,529   6,801   6,936   3,825   3,313   7,723   6,801 
Share based compensation  1,694   2,068   3,541   3,942   1,784   1,694   3,462   3,541 
Interest and financing costs  1   -   266   -   199   1   358   266 
Acquisition and integration expense  (30)  1,338   (1)  1,739   -   (30)  -   (1)
Adjusted EBITDA $26,275  $27,789  $49,436  $49,208  $36,059  $26,275  $67,017  $49,436 
                                
                
Financing Segment                                
Operating income $7,188  $7,521  $14,653  $14,545  $14,052  $7,188  $21,281  $14,653 
Depreciation and amortization  28   28   56   84   28   28   56   56 
Share based compensation  70   67   130   135   56   70   113   130 
Adjusted EBITDA $7,286  $7,616  $14,839  $14,764  $14,136  $7,286  $21,450  $14,839 

(3)
We define adjustedAdjusted gross billings as our technology segment net sales calculated in accordance with US GAAP, adjusted to exclude the costs incurred related to sales of third-party maintenance, software assurance, and subscription/SaaS licenses, and services. We have provided below a reconciliation of adjustedAdjusted gross billings to technology segment net sales, which is the most directly comparable financial measure to this non-GAAPNon-GAAP financial measure. The presentation of adjusted gross billings has been updated to align with net sales for our technology segment.

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Technology segment net sales $436,301  $419,359  $836,659  $760,583 
Costs incurred related to sales of third party maintenance, software assurance and subscription/Saas licenses, and services  227,823   181,705   460,472  $386,875 
Adjusted gross billings $664,124  $601,064  $1,297,131  $1,147,458 

We use adjustedAdjusted gross billings as a supplemental measure of our performance to gain insight into the volume of business generated by our technology segment, and to analyze the changes to our accounts receivable and accounts payable. Our use of adjustedAdjusted gross billings as an analytical tool has limitations, and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for analysis of our financial results as reported under US GAAP. In addition, other companies, including companies in our industry, might calculate adjustedAdjusted gross billings or a similarly titled measure differently, which may reduce its usefulness as a comparative measure.

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
  2020  2019  2020  2019 
Technology segment net sales $419,359  $397,718  $760,583  $766,253 
Costs incurred related to sales of third party maintenance, software assurance and subscription/Saas licenses, and services  181,705   181,366   386,875  $361,194 
Adjusted gross billings $601,064  $579,084  $1,147,458  $1,127,447 

Consolidated Results of OperationsCONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

During the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, net sales increased 5.2%5.8%, or $21.5$24.9 million, to $433.1$458.0 million, as compared to $411.6$433.1 million for the same period in the prior fiscal year. Product sales for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, increased 5.5%3.5% to $383.7$397.2 million, or an increase of $20.2$13.5 million from $363.5$383.7 million infor the same period in the prior year. Servicesyear, due to increased demand from our technology segment customers as well as higher financing revenue. Service sales during the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, increased 2.8%23.1% to $49.4$60.9 million, or an increase of $1.4$11.4 million over prior year services sales of $48.1$49.4 million primarily due to an increaseincreases in both managed services and professional services. The increase in products sales was due to a shift in mix of higher hardware and third-party software licenses sales whichIn the technology segment, we recognize on a gross basis, and a lower proportion of sales of maintenance, software assurance, subscriptions/SaaS licenses, and services where we recognize revenue on a net basis. We saw increases in net sales from customers in the healthcare, telecom, media and entertainment, SLED, financial services, and all thesmaller other categories of customers, which was partially offset by decreases in net sales from ourcustomers in technology, customers,financial services and a small decrease from health care customers,SLED, during the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, compared to the same period in the prior year.

3029

For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, net sales decreased 0.6%increased 11.0%, or $4.8$86.6 million, to $788.1$874.7 million, compared to $792.9$788.1 million in the same period in the prior fiscal year. Product sales for the six months ended September 30, 2020, decreased 1.2%2021, increased 9.7%, or $8.2$67.3 million, to $690.9$758.2 million, compared to $699.1$690.9 million in the same period in the prior year. Services sales during the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, increased 3.6%19.8%, or $3.4$19.2 million, to $97.2$116.4 million compared to prior year services sales of $93.8$97.2 million. The decreaseincrease in net sales was due to reductions inincreased demand from the our customers in the technologytelecom, media and health careentertainment, healthcare and manufacturing markets, which were mostlypartially offset by increasesdecreases in demand from our customers in the telecom, media and entertainment, SLED,technology, financial services, SLED, and all other category of customers, during the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, compared to the prior year.

Adjusted gross billings increased 3.8%10.5%, or $22.0$63.1 million, to $601.1$664.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, from $579.1$601.1 million for the same period in the prior fiscal year. There was an increase in adjusted gross billings from our customers in the telecom, media and entertainment, SLED,healthcare, and health care customersfinancial services industries, which was partially offset by decreases in demand from the technology, financial services,our customers in SLED and all the other categories of customers.technology. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, adjusted gross billings increased 1.8%13.0%, or $20.1$149.7 million, to $1,147.5$1,297.1 million, from $1,127.4$1,147.5 million for the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in adjusted gross billings is due, in part, to the Systems Management Planning, Inc. (“SMP”) acquisition as well as higher demand from the same customer end markets that were previously identified for the increaseour customers in net sales with the exception of health caretelecom, media and entertainment, and healthcare, which was partially offset by decreases in demand from our customers which declined for the six-month period.in technology and SLED.

Consolidated gross profit for the three months ended September 30, 2020, decreased $4.12021, increased $24.0 million, or 3.9%24.3%, to $99.0$123.0 million, compared with $103.0$99.0 million infor the same period in the prior year. Consolidated gross margins were 22.9%26.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, which is a decreasean increase of 210400 basis points compared to 25.0%22.9% for the same period in the prior fiscal year. The decreaseincrease in margins for the three-month period was primarily due to a shift in product mix, as we sold a higher proportion hardware and third-party licenses which are recognized on a gross basis and therefore have lower product margins, and a lower proportion of our product mix was from third-party maintenance, software assurance and subscription/SaaS licenses, and services, which are recordedwas recognized on a net basis, as well as higher service revenue and were partially offset by slightlyservice margin, and higher gross profit from of our financing segment.

For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, consolidated gross profit increased $1.8$31.0 million, or 0.9%15.7%, to $197.5$228.5 million, compared with $195.7$197.5 million for the same period in the prior fiscal year. Consolidated gross margins were 25.1%26.1% for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, an increase of 40100 basis points compared to 24.7%25.1% for the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in gross margin for the six-month period was due to a shift in product mix, as we sold a higher proportion of third-party maintenance, software assurance and subscription/SaaS licenses, and services. Also contributing to the gross margin improvement waswhich is recognized on a net basis, as well as higher service revenues,revenue and service margins, and higher post-contract revenuegross profit from of our financing segment.

Our operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020, decreased 5.6%2021, increased $8.2 million, or 11.7%, to $70.5$78.7 million, as compared to $74.7$70.5 million for the prior year period. The majority of this decrease reflects reductionsThis increase is primarily due to an increase in selling,variable compensation, salaries and benefits driven by increased headcount and higher general and administrative expense of 5.2% or $3.6 million,due to $66.9 million as compared to $70.5 million in the same period in the prior year, due in part to reductions inhigher professional fees, software license and maintenance, and travel and entertainment general office related expenses, employee salaries and benefits, which were partially offset by an increase in allowance for credit losses. Our prior year results benefitas travel restrictions from having only incurred a partial quarter of salaries and benefits from employees acquired from ABS Technology.COVID-19 have started to ease. As of September 30, 2020,2021, we had 1,554 employees, an increase of 57 from 1,497 as of September 30, 2020. Our headcount is higher primarily due to the addition of 102 employees a decreasejoining ePlus from our December 31, 2020, acquisition of 132 from 1,629 last year.SMP.

For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, operating expenses decreased $0.5increased $7.7 million, or 0.3%5.4%, to $144.0$151.8 million, as compared to $144.5$144.0 million in the same period in the prior year. The decreaseincrease in operating expenses for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, is due to the reductionsan increase in interestvariable compensation, salaries and benefits driven by increased headcount and higher general and administrative expense due to higher professional fees, software license and maintenance, and travel and entertainment expenses, as travel restrictions from COVID-19 have started to ease. These increases are partially offset by a decrease in our provision for credit losses.

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $0.5 million and $0.9 million for three and six months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, primarily due to our December 31, 2020, acquisition of SMP. Interest and financing costs increased $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021 and depreciation and amortization expense. Selling, general, and administrative expensedecreased $0.1 million for the six months ended September 30, 2020, increased slightly to $136.4 million,2021, primarily driven by the timing of borrowings from our credit facility with increasesWells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC (“WFCDF”) offset by a decrease in salaries and benefits, variable compensation, and reserve for credit losses, offset almost entirely by reductions in general and administrative expense and acquisition related expenses.

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $0.2 million for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2020. Interestinterest and financing costs decreased $0.3 million and $0.4 million, for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, due to a decrease in the average balance of non-recourse notes payable outstanding during the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the prior year.our financing segment.

As a result, operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, increased $0.1$15.8 million, or 0.4%55.5%, to $28.5$44.3 million as compared to $28.4$28.5 million for the same period in the prior year. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, operating income increased $2.3$23.3 million, or 4.6%43.5%, to $53.5$76.8 million, as compared to $51.1$53.5 million for the same period in the prior year.

Our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, was 30.8%, compared with 29.1% and 28.9%, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year. The change in our effective tax rate was due to an adjustment to the federal benefit from state taxes.

3130

Consolidated net earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, were $19.8$31.4 million, a decreasean increase of 1.3%58.3%, or $0.3$11.6 million, over the prior year’s results, due to the decreaseincrease in gross profit partiallyand offset by a reduction inincreased operating expenses. expenses and the provision for income taxes. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, the consolidated net earnings were $37.2$54.9 million, an increase of 2.5%47.6%, or $0.9$17.7 million, compared to the prior year’s results, due to the increase in revenues and gross profit and other income mostly offset by an increase in operating expenses and the provision for income taxes.

Our effective tax rate for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, was 28.6% and 28.2% respectively, compared with 30.8% for the same periods in the prior year. The change in our effective income tax rate was primarily due to an adjustment to the federal benefit from state taxes in the prior year period.

Adjusted EBITDA decreased $1.8increased $16.6 million, or 5.2%49.6%, to $33.6$50.2 million and adjustedAdjusted EBITDA margin decreased 90increased 330 basis points to 7.7%11.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, as compared to the prior year period of 8.6%7.7%. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, adjusted EBITDA increased $0.3$24.2 million, or 0.5%37.6%, to $64.3$88.5 million and the adjusted EBITDA margin increased 10190 basis points to 8.2%10.1% as compared to the prior year period of 8.1% for the six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the prior year period.8.2%.

Diluted earnings per share decreased 2.0%increased 58.1%, or $0.03,$0.86, to $2.34 per share for the three months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to $1.48 per share for the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared2020. Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share increased 54.2%, or $0.91, to $1.51 per share$2.59 for the three months ended September 30, 2019. Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share decreased 7.2%, or $0.13,2021, as compared to $1.68 for the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $1.81 for the three months ended September 30, 2019. 2020. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, diluted earnings per share increased 2.6%47.1%, or $0.07,$1.31, to $2.78$4.09 per share, as compared to $2.71$2.78 per share compared toin the prior year period. Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share decreased 2.1%increased 42.6%, or $0.07,$1.36, to $4.55 for the six months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to $3.19 for the six months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $3.26 for the six months ended September 30, 2019.2020.

Cash and cash equivalents increased $74.9decreased by 56.0% to $57.0 million or 86.8% to $161.1 million atas of September 30, 2020,2021, as compared to $86.2$129.6 million as of March 31, 2020. The increase is2021, primarily the result of the extension of payment terms by 30 days from certain vendor partners that deferred $76.3 milliondue to increases in paymentsour accounts receivable and inventory and a payroll tax deferral underdecrease in accounts payable—trade, partially offset by net borrowings on the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act that deferred $4.8floor plan component of our credit facility. Additional uses of cash during the three months ended September 30, 2021, included cash paid of $6.9 million in payments that will be paid in December 2021 and December 2022.to repurchase outstanding shares of our common stock. Our cash on hand, funds generated from operations, amounts available under our credit facility, and the possible monetization ofability to monetize our investment portfolio have provided sufficient liquidity for our business.

The extent of the impact of COVID-19 is uncertain and may impact our liquidity position over the longer term. As credit markets have tightened as a result of COVID-19, we may have difficulty funding our financing transactions with lenders, which may result in the use of our cash or a decrease in financing originations.

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Segment OverviewSEGMENT OVERVIEW

Our operations are conducted through two segments: technology and financing.

Technology SegmentTECHNOLOGY SEGMENT

The technology segment sells IT equipmentderives revenue from sales of product, project-related advanced professional services, managed services and software and related servicesstaff augmentation. The technology segment sells primarily to corporate customers, state and local governments, and higher education institutions on a nationwide basis, with geographic concentrations relating to our physical locations. The technology segment also provides Internet-based business-to-business supply chain management solutions for ITinformation technology products.

Our technology segment derives revenue from the sales of new equipment and service engagements. Included in net sales are revenues derived from performing advanced IT professional and managed services that may be sold together with and integral to third-party products and software. Our service engagements are generally governed by statements of work and are primarily fixed price (with allowance for changes); however, some service agreements are based on time and materials.

Customers who purchase IT equipment and services from us may have a customer master agreements, or CMAs,agreement (“CMA”) with our company, which stipulatestipulates the terms and conditions of the relationship. Some CMAs contain pricing arrangements, and most contain mutual voluntary termination clauses. Our other customers place orders using purchase orders without a CMA in place, or with other documentation customary for the business. Often, our work with state and local governments is based on public bids and our written bid responses. Our service engagements are generally governed by statements of work and are primarily fixed price (with allowance for changes); however, some service agreements are based on time and materials.

We endeavor to minimize ourthe cost of sales through incentive programs provided by vendors and distributors. The programs for which we qualify for are generally set by our reseller authorization level with the vendor. The authorization level we achieve and maintain governs the types of products we can resell as well as such items as pricing received,variable discounts applied against the list price, funds provided for the marketing of these products and other special promotions. These authorization levels are achieved by us through purchase volume, certifications held by sales executives or engineers and/or contractual commitments by us. The authorization levels are costly to maintain, and these programs continually change;change and, therefore, there is no guarantee of future reductions of costs provided by these vendor consideration programs.

Financing Segment
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FINANCING SEGMENT

Our financing segment offers financing solutions to corporations, governmental entities, and educational institutions nationwide as well as internationallyand in Canada, the UK, Canada, Iceland, and Spain.several other European countries. The financing segment derives revenue from leasing IT and medical equipment and the disposition of that equipment at the end of the lease. The financing segment also derives revenues from the financing of third-party software licenses, software assurance, maintenance and other services.

Financing revenue generally falls into the following three categories:

Portfolio income: Interest income from financing receivables and rents due under operating leases;
Transactional gains: Net gains or losses on the sale of financial assets; and
Post-contract earnings: Month-to-month rents; early termination, prepayment, make-whole, or buyout fees; and net gains on the sale of off-lease (used) equipment.

Our financing segment sells the equipment underlying a lease to the lessee or a third-party other than the lessee. These sales occur at the end of the lease term and revenues from the sales of such equipment are recognized at the date of sale. We also recognize revenue from events that occur after the initial sale of a financial asset and remarketing fees from certain residual value investments.

Fluctuations in Operating ResultsFLUCTUATIONS IN OPERATING RESULTS

Our results of operations are susceptible to fluctuations for a number of reasons, including, without limitation, customer demand for our products and services, supplier costs, product availability, changes in vendor incentive programs, interest rate fluctuations, decision to sell financial assets, general economic conditions, and differences between estimated residual values and actual amounts realized related to the equipment we lease. Operating results could also fluctuate as a result of a sale prior to the expiration of the lease term to the lessee or to a third-party or from other post-term events.

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We expect to continue to expand by opening new sales locationsoffices and warehouses and by hiring additional staff for specific targeted market areas whenever we can find both experienced personnel and desirable geographic areas over the longer term, which may reduce our results from operations. COVID-19 may negatively affect market demand, which will likely lower our financial results, and may adversely impact our ability to expand. We are uncertain as to the extent and duration of theCOVID-19’s impact to demand in the IT market demand for our products and services.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

As disclosed in Note 2, “Recent Accounting Pronouncements,” we adopted a new credit loss standard on April 1, 2020. Under this new standard, we estimate an allowance for credit losses related to accounts receivable for future expected credit losses by using relevant information such as historical information, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The allowance is measured on a collective basis when similar risk characteristics exist, and a loss-rate for each group with similar risk characteristics is determined using historical credit loss experience as the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. Adjustments to historical loss information are made for differences in current conditions, as well as changes in forecasted macroeconomic conditions. Our allowance reflects the forecasted credit deterioration due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our other critical accounting estimates have not changed from those reported in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 20202021 Annual Report.

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SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, compared to the three and six months ended September 30, 20192020

Technology SegmentTECHNOLOGY SEGMENT

The results of operations for our technology segment were as follows (dollars in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Net sales                        
Product $369,934  $349,650  $663,367  $672,414  $375,444  $369,934  $720,210  $663,367 
Services  49,425   48,068   97,216   93,839   60,857   49,425   116,449   97,216 
Total  419,359   397,718   760,583   766,253   436,301   419,359   836,659   760,583 
                                
Cost of sales                                
Product  301,006   276,475   525,549   534,529   293,837   301,006   564,852   525,549 
Services  31,156   29,671   60,996   58,341   37,386   31,156   71,296   60,996 
Total  332,162   306,146   586,545   592,870   331,223   332,162   636,148   586,545 
                                
Gross profit  87,197   91,572   174,038   173,383   105,078   87,197   200,511   174,038 
                                
Selling, general, and administrative  62,586   67,189   128,142   129,856   70,803   62,586   136,956   128,142 
Depreciation and amortization  3,313   3,529   6,801   6,936   3,825   3,313   7,723   6,801 
Interest and financing costs  1   -   266   -   199   1   358   266 
Operating expenses  65,900   70,718   135,209   136,792   74,827   65,900   145,037   135,209 
                                
Operating income $21,297  $20,854  $38,829  $36,591  $30,251  $21,297  $55,474  $38,829 
                                
Adjusted gross billings $601,064  $579,084  $1,147,458  $1,127,447  $664,124  $601,064  $1,297,131  $1,147,458 
Adjusted EBITDA $26,275  $27,789  $49,436  $49,208  $36,059  $26,275  $67,017  $49,436 

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Net sales: Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, were $419.4$436.3 million compared to $397.7$419.4 million infor the same period in the prior year, an increase of 5.4%4.0% or $21.6$16.9 million, due to increases in net sales tofrom customers in the healthcare, telecom, media and entertainment, SLED, financial services, and all thesmaller other customer categories of customers, which was partially offset by a decreasedecreases in net sales from customers in technology, financial services and healthcare customer categories.SLED. Product sales increased 5.8%1.5%, or $20.3$5.5 million, to $369.9$375.4 million. Services revenues increased 23.1%, or $11.4 million compared to the same period in the prior year to $60.9 million due to a shift in mix to sales of hardware and third-party licenses, partially offset by reductions in third-party maintenance, software assurance, subscriptions/SaaS licenses, and services where we recognize revenue on a net basis. Services revenues increased 2.8%, or $1.4 million to $49.4 million to due to an increase in managed services.and professional services for the three months ended September 30, 2021.

For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, net sales decreased 0.7%increased 10.0%, or $5.7$76.1 million to $760.6$836.7 million compared to $766.3$760.6 million during the same period in the prior year. Product sales for the six months ended September 30, 2020, decreased 1.3%2021, increased 8.6%, or $9.0$56.8 million to $663.4$720.2 million, due to a higher proportion of sales from third party services that are recognized on a net basis, partially offsetand service revenue increased by the increase in services revenues by 3.6%19.8%, or $3.4$19.2 million, to $97.2$116.4 million compared to $93.8$97.2 million during the same period in the prior year.

Adjusted gross billings increased 3.8%10.5%, or $22.0$63.1 million, to $601.1$664.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, from $579.1$601.1 million for the same period in the prior fiscal year. There was anThe increase in adjusted gross billings was due, in part, to the SMP acquisition as well as higher demand from our customers in the telecom, media and entertainment, SLED, and health care customers which was partially offset by decreases in demand from the technology, financial services, and all the other categories ofcurrent customers. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, adjusted gross billings increased 1.8%13.0%, or $20.1$149.7 million, to $1,147.5$1,297.1 million, from $1,127.4$1,147.5 million for the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in adjusted gross billings is due to higher demand from the same customer end markets that were previously identified for the increase in net sales with the exception of health care customers which declined for the six-month period.sales.

We rely on our vendors to fulfill a large majority of shipments to our customers. As of September 30, 2021, we had open orders of $707.1 million and deferred revenue of $110.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, we had open orders of $389.7 million and deferred revenue of $77.1 million. As of September 30, 2019, we had open orders of $210.7 million and deferred revenues of $66.5 million.

We analyze net sales by customer end market and by vendor, as opposed to discrete product and service categories. The percentage of net sales by industry and vendor for the twelve-month periods ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 20192020 are summarized below:

 
Twelve Months Ended
September 30,
    
  2020  2019  Change 
Revenue by customer end market:         
Technology  19%  22%  (3%)
Telecom, Media & Entertainment  20%  16%  4%
SLED  16%  17%  (1%)
Healthcare  15%  15%  0%
Financial Services  13%  14%  (1%)
All others  17%  16%  1%
Total  100%  100%    

 
Twelve Months Ended
September 30,
    
  2020  2019  Change 
Revenue by vendor:         
Cisco Systems  39%  41%  (2%)
NetApp  4%  3%  1%
HP Inc. & HPE  4%  6%  (2%)
Dell/EMC  7%  4%  3%
Juniper Networks  5%  4%  1%
Arista Networks  3%  5%  (2%)
All others  38%  37%  1%
Total  100%  100%    

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Twelve Months Ended
September 30,
    
  2021  2020  Change 
Revenue by customer end market:         
Telecom, Media & Entertainment  28%  20%  8%
SLED  15%  16%  (1%)
Healthcare  15%  15%  0%
Technology  14%  19%  (5%)
Financial Services  11%  13%  (2%)
All others  17%  17%  0%
Total  100%  100%    

 
Twelve Months Ended
September 30,
    
  2021  2020  Change 
Revenue by vendor:         
Cisco Systems  36%  39%  (3%)
Dell / EMC  8%  7%  1%
Juniper Networks  6%  5%  1%
NetApp  5%  4%  1%
HP Inc. & HPE  4%  4%  0%
Arista Networks  3%  3%  0%
All others  38%  38%  0%
Total  100%  100%    

Our revenues by customer end market have remained consistent over the year with over 80% of our revenues generated from customers within the five end markets identified above. During the trailing twelve-month period ended September 30, 2020,2021, we had an increase in the percentage of total revenues from customers in the telecom, media and entertainment industry, and all other customer category, and decreases in the percentage of total revenues in the technology, SLED,financial services, and financial servicesSLED markets. These changes were driven by changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, changes in customer buying cycles, and the timing of specific IT related initiatives, rather than the acquisition or loss of a customer or set of customers.

The majorityMost of our revenues by vendor are derived from our top six suppliers, which, when combined, is a fairly constant percentage ofaccounted for over 60% of total revenues for the twelve-month periods ended September 30, 2020,2021, and 2019.2020. None of the vendors included within the “other” category exceeded 5% of total revenues.

Cost of sales:sales: For the three months ended September 30, 2020, costCost of sales increased 8.5%, or $26.0 million, due to a shift in product mix, as we sold a higher proportion of hardware and third-party software licenses which we recognize on a gross basis. Due to this shift in product mix, our gross margin decreased 220 basis points to 20.8% for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, decreased 0.3% or $1.0 million to $331.2 million compared to 23.0% in$332.2 million for the same period in the prior year. Our gross margin increased 330 basis points to 24.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2021, compared to 20.8% for the same period in the prior year. The increase in gross margin was driven by higher product margin, where a higher proportion of sales of third-party maintenance, software assurance, subscription/SaaS licenses, and services are recognized on a net basis, and higher service margin. Cost of sales for the six months ended September 30, 2020, decreased 1.1%2021, increased 8.5% or $6.3$49.6 million which is in-line with the decreaseincrease in net sales. For the six months ended September 30, 2021, gross margin increased by 110 basis points to 24.0%, as compared to 22.9% for the prior year period, primarily due to higher service margin, and a higher proportion of sales of third-party maintenance, software assurance, subscription/SaaS licenses, and services, which are recognized on a net basis.

Selling, general, and administrative: Selling, general, and administrative expenses of $70.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021, increased by $8.2 million, or 13.1% from $62.6 million for the same period in the prior year. Salaries and benefits increased $7.1 million, or 13.1% to $60.8 million, compared to $53.8 million during the prior year mainly due to an increase in the number of employees. Our technology segment had 1,522 employees as of September 30, 2021, an increase of 62 from 1,460 as of September 30, 2020. Our headcount as of September 30, 2021 incorporates the addition of 102 employees from the December 31, 2020, acquisition of SMP. For the six months ended September 30, 2020, gross margin increased by 30 basis points to 22.9%, as compared to 22.6% for the prior year period; product margin also increased by 30 basis points to 20.8%, compared to 20.5% in the same period in the prior year. Vendor incentives earned as a percentage of sales decreased 70 basis points and 20 basis points for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, resulting in an unfavorable impact on gross margin, as compared to same periods in the prior year.

Selling, general, and administrative: Selling, general, and administrative expenses of $62.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, decreased by $4.6 million, or 6.9% from $67.2 million in the same period in the prior year. Salaries and benefits decreased $0.8 million, or 1.5% to $53.8 million, compared to $54.6 million during the same period in the prior year due to a decrease variable compensation and fringe benefits, more than offsetting an increase in salaries. Our prior year results benefit from having only incurred a partial quarter of salaries and benefits from employees acquired from ABS Technology. Our technology segment had 1,460 employees as of September 30, 2020, a decrease of 135 from 1,595 at September 30, 2019. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, selling, general, and administrative expenses decreasedincreased by $1.7$8.8 million, or 1.3%6.9%, to $137.0 million compared to $128.1 million compared to $129.9 million infor the same period in the prior year. Salaries and benefits increased $4.7$7.9 million, or 4.5%7.2% to $110.8$119.0 million, compared to $106.1$110.8 million during the same period in the prior year.

General and administrative expenses decreased $4.0increased $1.3 million, or 31.7%14.6%, to $8.7$9.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, compared to $12.7 million in the same period in the prior year, due to a decreasehigher professional fees, software license and maintenance, and travel and entertainment expenses, as travel restrictions from COVID-19 have started to ease. For the six months ended September 30, 2021, general and administrative expenses increased $1.4 million, or 8.2%, to $18.1 million. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to an increase in travel and entertainment expenses, advertisinglegal and marketing, professional fees and other general office related expenses resultingsoftware license and maintenance. The provision for credit losses was $0.5 million lower than for the same period in part from restrictions on travelthe prior year.

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Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization increased $0.5 million, or 15.5%, to $3.8 million during the three months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to $3.3 million in the prior year period primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic,amortization of the intangible assets acquired in our acquisition of SMP. For the six months ended September 30, 2021, depreciation and $1.1amortization increased $0.9 million, or 13.6%, to $7.7 million as compared to $6.8 million for the same period in lower acquisition related expenses thanthe prior year.

Interest and financing costs:Interest and financing costs were $0.2 million, and $0.4 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2021, an increase of $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively, as compared to the same periods in the prior year. The increase is primarily due to timing of our borrowings from our WFCDF credit facility and borrowings on an installment payment arrangement, for which there were no comparable borrowing as of September 30, 2020.

Segment operating income: As a result of the foregoing, operating income was $30.3 million, an increase of $9.0 million, or 42.0%, for the three months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to $21.3 million for the same period in the prior year. For the six months ended September 30, 2020, general and administrative expenses decreased $6.8 million, or 28.9%, to $16.8 million. The decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to decrease in travel and entertainment expenses, advertising and marketing, professional fees, and other general office related expenses resulting from travel restrictions due in part to the COVID-19 pandemic, and $1.5 million in lower acquisition related expenses than the prior year.

Depreciation and amortization: Depreciation and amortization decreased $0.2 million, or 6.1%, to $3.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020, and decreased $0.1 million, or 1.9%, to $6.8 million for the six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the prior year periods.

Interest and financing costs: Interest and financing costs were insignificant in the three months ended September 30, 2020, and $0.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to none in the same period in the prior year. This is due to $35.0 million in borrowings under the accounts receivable component of our Technology segment credit facility during the first quarter of the fiscal year.

Segment operating income: As a result of the foregoing,2021, operating income was $21.3 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 2.1%, for the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $20.9 million in the same period in the prior year. For the six months ended September 30, 2020, operating income was $38.8$55.5 million, compared to $36.6$38.8 million for the same period in the prior year, an increase of $2.2$16.6 million, or 6.1%42.9%.

For the three months ended September 30, 2020, adjusted EBITDA was $26.3 million, a decrease of $1.5 million, or 5.4%, compared to $27.8 million in the same period in the prior year.2021, Adjusted EBITDA was $49.4$36.1 million, an increase of $0.2$9.8 million, or 0.5%37.2%, for the six months ended September 30, 2020, compared to $49.2$26.3 million for the same period in the prior year.Adjusted EBITDA was $67.0 million, an increase of $17.6 million, or 35.6%, for the six months ended September 30, 2021, compared to $49.4 million for the same period in the prior year.

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Financing SegmentFINANCING SEGEMENT

The results of operations for our financing segment were as follows (dollars in thousands):

 
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  
Six Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2020  2019  2020  2019  2021  2020  2021  2020 
Net sales $13,722  $13,847  $27,529  $26,684  $21,716  $13,722  $38,007  $27,529 
                                
Cost of sales  1,957   2,388   4,048   4,397   3,792   1,957   10,004   4,048 
                                
Gross profit  11,765   11,459   23,481   22,287   17,924   11,765   28,003   23,481 
                                
Selling, general, and administrative  4,303   3,334   8,214   6,454   3,701   4,303   6,323   8,214 
Depreciation and amortization  28   28   56   84   28   28   56   56 
Interest and financing costs  246   576   558   1,204   143   246   343   558 
Operating expenses  4,577   3,938   8,828   7,742   3,872   4,577   6,722   8,828 
                                
Operating income $7,188  $7,521  $14,653  $14,545  $14,052  $7,188  $21,281  $14,653 
                                
Adjusted EBITDA $7,286  $7,616  $14,839  $14,764  $14,136  $7,286  $21,450  $14,839 

Net sales: Net sales decreasedincreased by $0.1$8.0 million, or 0.9%58.3%, to $13.7$21.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, as compared to prior year results due to a reduction inhigher post contract earnings and portfolio earnings, which were mostly offset by higher other financing revenues and transactional gains. During the three monthsquarter ended September 30, 2020, and 2019,2021, we recognized net gains on sales of financial assets of $4.5$10.1 million, and $4.1 million, respectively,which included several large transactions that closed in July 2021, and the fair value of assetsproceeds received from these sales were $118.5$615.0 million. Net gains on the sale of financial assets for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, was $4.5 million and $95.1 million, respectively.the proceeds from these sales were $118.5 million.

For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, net sales increased to $27.5$38.0 million, an increase of $0.8$10.5 million, or 3.2%38.1% as compared to the same period in the prior year of $26.7$27.5 million due to higher other financing revenuespost contract earnings and portfolio earnings,higher transactional gains, which were partially offset by lower post-contract earnings and transactional gains.other financing revenues. During the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, we recognized net gains on sales of financial assets of $13.3 million, which included several large transactions that closed in July 2021, and 2019,the proceeds received from these sales were $690.3 million. For the six months ended September 30, 2020, we recognized net gains on sales of financial assets of $7.0 million, and $7.5 million, respectively, and the fair value of assets receivedproceeds from these sales were $191.7 million and $172.0 million, respectively. million.

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At September 30, 2020,2021, we had $180.7$166.9 million in financing receivables and operating leases, compared to $188.2$180.7 million as of September 30, 2019,2020, a decrease of $7.5$13.8 million, or 4.0%7.6%.

Cost of sales: Cost of sales decreased $0.4increased $1.8 million and $0.3$6.0 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, respectively, which consistscompared to the prior year results due to higher cost of sales on off-lease equipment and higher depreciation expense from operating leases. Gross profit increased by 2.7%52.4% to $11.8$17.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and increased by 5.4%19.3% to $23.5$28.0 million, for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, as compared to the prior year periods.

Selling, general and administrative: For the three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $1.0decreased $0.6 million or 29.1%, and $1.8$1.9 million, or 27.3%, respectively, which wascompared to the prior year periods, primarily due primarily to an increasedecrease in allowancethe provision for credit losses of $0.8 million and $1.1 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to the same periodsdecrease in the prior year. Variable compensation also increased due to higher gross profit for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2020.variable compensation.

Interest and financing costs: Interest and financing costs decreased by 57.3%41.9% to $0.2$0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020,2021, and decreased by 53.7%38.5% to $0.6$0.3 million for the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, compared to the same periods in the prior year, due to a decrease in the average balance and interest rate on total notes payable outstanding. Total notes payable for the financing segment was $25.4 million as of September 30, 2021, a decrease of $14.9 million, or 37.0%, as compared to $40.3 million as of September 30, 2020, a decrease of $45.7 million, or 53.1%, as compared to $86.0 million as of September 30, 2019.2020. Our weighted average interest rate for non-recourse notes payable was 3.15%3.59% and 3.98%3.15%, as of September 30, 2021, and 2020, and 2019, respectively. Our weighted average interest rate for recourse notes payable was 2.55% as of September 30, 2020. We did not have any recourse debt as of September 30, 2021.

Segment operating income: As a result of the foregoing, both operating income and adjustedAdjusted EBITDA both decreased $0.3increased $6.9 million or 4.4% and 4.3%, to $7.2$14.1 million, and $7.3 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020, over2021, as compared to the prior year period. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, both operating income and adjustedAdjusted EBITDA both increased $0.1by $6.6 million to $21.3 million and $21.5 million, respectively, or 0.7% and 0.5%,as compared to $14.7 million and $14.8 million, respectively.the same period in the prior year.

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ConsolidatedCONSOLIDATED

Other income: income: Other income increased to $0.2 million and $0.3 million due to the favorable foreign exchange rate duringexpense for both the three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, was an expense of $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, due to unfavorable foreign exchange rates, compared to an expenseincome of $40 thousand$0.2 million and $85 thousand due to the unfavorable foreign exchange rate$0.3 million in the three and six month periods in the prior year, respectively.

Income taxes:taxes: Our provision for income tax expense was $8.8$12.6 million and $16.6$21.6 million for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, as compared to $8.2$8.8 million and $14.8$16.6 million for the same periods in the prior year. Our effective income tax rates for boththe three and six months ended September 30, 2021, were 28.6% and 28.2%, compared to 30.8% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2020, was 30.8%, compared to 29.1% and 28.9% for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019. respectively. The change in our effective income tax rate was primarily due to an adjustment to the federal benefit from state taxes.taxes in the prior year period.

Net earnings: The foregoing resulted in net earnings of $19.8$31.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease2021, an increase of $0.3$11.6 million, or 1.3%58.3%, as compared to $20.1$19.8 million ofduring the same period in the prior year.three months ended September 30, 2020. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, net earnings were $37.2$54.9 million, an increase of $0.9$17.7 million, or 2.5%47.6%, as compared to $36.3$37.2 million infor the same period in the prior year.

Basic and fully diluted earnings per common share was $1.48$2.36 and $2.34, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2020, a decrease2021, an increase of 2.0%59.5% and 58.1% as compared to $1.51$1.48 for both the basic and fully diluted earnings per common share, for the same period in the prior year.three months ended September 30, 2020. For the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, basic and fully diluted earnings per common share were $2.79$4.12 and $2.78,$4.09, an increase for both of 0.3%47.7% and 47.1%, as compared to $2.72$2.79 and $2.71,$2.78, respectively, for the same period in the prior year.

Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share decreased 7.2%increased 54.2% to $2.59 for the three months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to $1.68 for the three months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $1.81 for the three months ended September 30, 2019.2020. Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share decreased 2.1%increased 42.6% to $4.55 for the six months ended September 30, 2021, as compared to $3.19 for the six months ended September 30, 2020, as compared to $3.26 for the six months ended September 30, 2019.2020.

Weighted average common shares outstanding usedwas 13.3 million in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for both the three monthsthree- and six-months ending September 30, 2020 was $13.42021 and 13.4 million and for the six months ended September 30, 2020 was $13.3 million and $13.4 million respectively. Weighted average common shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per common share for both the threethree- and six months endedsix-months ending September 30, 2019,2021. Weighted average common shares outstanding was 13.313.4 million and 13.3 in the calculation of basic earnings per common share for the three- and six-months ending September 30, 2020, respectively, and 13.4 million.million in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share for both the three- and six-months ending September 30, 2020.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity OverviewLIQUIDITY OVERVIEW

Our primary source of funding is cash from operations and borrowings which are accounted for as non-recourse and recourse notes payable. We use those funds to meet our capital requirements, which have historically consisted primarily of working capital for operational needs, capital expenditures, purchases of equipment for lease, payments of principal and interest on indebtedness outstanding, acquisitions and the repurchase of shares of our common stock.

Throughout the current fiscal year and until October 12, 2021, ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiaries (the “Borrowers”), which are part of our technology segment, financefinanced their operations, within addition to funds generated from operations, and with a credit facility with Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC (“WFCDF”).WFCDF. This facility providesprovided short-term capital for our technology segment. There arewere two components of the WFCDF credit facility: (1) a floor plan component, and (2) an accounts receivable component.

On October 13, 2021, we entered into a First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement by and among the Borrowers, WFCDF, as administrative agent thereunder, various banks and other financial institutions (including WFCDF) who are parties thereto as lenders (collectively, the “Lenders”) and others, pursuant to which, among other things, the Lenders established for the benefit of the Borrowers a discretionary senior secured floorplan facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $375 million, together with a sublimit for a revolving credit facility for up to $100 million (collectively, the “2021 Credit Facility”).

We believe that cash on hand and funds generated from operations, together with available credit under our credit facility, will be enough to finance our working capital, capital expenditures, and other requirements for at least the next year.

Our ability to continue to expand, both organically and through acquisitions, is dependent upon our ability to generate enough cash flow from operations or from borrowing or other sources of financing as may be required. While at this time we do not anticipate requiring any additional sources of financing to fund operations, if demand for IT products declines, or if our supply of products is delayed or interrupted, our cash flows from operations may be substantially affected.

The extent of the impact of COVID-19 is uncertain and may impact our liquidity position over the longer term. As creditCredit markets have tightenedmay tighten as a result of COVID-19 and we may have difficulty funding our financing transactions with lenders, which may result in the use of our cash or a decrease in financing originations.

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Cash FlowsCASH FLOWS

The following table summarizes our sources and uses of cash over the periods indicated (in thousands):

 Six Months Ended September 30, 
  2020  2019 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $8,408  $(54,404)
Net cash used in investing activities  (2,811)  (18,050)
Net cash provided by financing activities  69,730   48,356 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash  (477)  114 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $74,850  $(23,984)

 Six Months Ended September 30, 
  2021  2020 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $(135,004) $8,408 
Net cash used in investing activities  (13,690)  (2,811)
Net cash provided by financing activities  75,782   69,730 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash  300   (477)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $(72,612) $74,850 

Cash flows from operating activities.: We had $8.4used $135.0 million provided byin operating activities during the six months ended September 30, 2020,2021, compared to $54.4$8.4 million used inprovided by operating activities for the six months ended September 30, 2019.2020. See below for a breakdown of operating cash flows by segment (in thousands):

 Six Months Ended September 30, 
  2020  2019 
Technology segment $44,367  $3,833 
Financing segment  (35,959)  (58,237)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $8,408  $(54,404)
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 Six Months Ended September 30, 
  2021  2020 
Technology segment $(127,361) $44,367 
Financing segment  (7,643)  (35,959)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $(135,004) $8,408 

Technology Segmentsegment: In the six months ended September 30, 2021, our technology segment used $127.4 million from operating activities primarily due to increases in our accounts receivable and inventories and a decrease in accounts payable-trade. Offsetting this, we had net borrowing on the floor plan component of our credit facility of $47.2 million. We use this facility to manage working capital needs. We present changes in this balance as financing activity in our consolidated statement of cash flows.

In the six months ended September 30, 2020, our technology segment provided $44.4 million from operating activities primarily due to cash generated from earnings. Additionally, we had net borrowing on the floor plan component of our credit facility of $91.6 million which was partially offset by repayment of $35.0$35.0 million in borrowings under the accounts receivable component of our Technologytechnology segment credit facility. The net borrowing is primarily the result of extended payment terms from certain vendor partners that deferred $76.3 million in payments for an additional 30 days. The majority of these programs relate to COVID-19 and ended in October 2020. We use this facility to manage working capital needs. We present changes in this balance as financing activity in our consolidated statement of cash flows.

In the six months ended September 30, 2019, operating cash flows provided by our technology segment was $3.8 million as cash generated from earnings exceeding changes in working capital. In addition, cash provided by the accounts payable – floor plan facility was $13.6 million. Accounts payable – floor plan is a facility used to manage working capital needs and we are required to present changes in this balance as financing activity in our consolidated statement of cash flows.

To manage our working capital, we monitor our cash conversion cycle for our technology segment, which is defined as days sales outstanding (“DSO”) in accounts receivable plus days of supply in inventory (“DIO”) minus days of purchases outstanding in accounts payable (“DPO”).

The following table presents the components of the cash conversion cycle for our Technologytechnology segment:

 As of September 30,  As of September 30, 
 2020  2019  2021  2020 
(DSO) Days sales outstanding (1)  61   59   64   61 
(DIO) Days inventory outstanding (2)  14   10   18   14 
(DPO) Days payable outstanding (3)  (54)  (46)  (47)  (54)
Cash conversion cycle  21   23   35   21 

(1)Represents the rolling three-monththree month average of the balance of trade accounts receivable-trade, net for our technology segment at the end of the period divided by adjusted gross billings for the same three-monththree month period.
(2)Represents the rolling three-monththree month average of the balance of inventory, net for our technology segment at the end of the period divided by cost of adjusted gross billings for the same three-monththree month period.
(3)Represents the rolling three-monththree month average of the combined balance of accounts payable-trade and accounts payable-floor plan for our technology segment at the end of the period divided by cost of adjusted gross billings for the same three-monththree month period.

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Our cash conversion cycle decreasedincreased to 35 days at September 30, 2021, compared to 21 days at September 30, 2020, compared to 23 days at September 30, 2019.2020. Our standard payment term for customers is between 30-60 days; however, certain customer orders may be approved for extended payment terms. Our DPO increased 8decreased 7 days. Invoices processed through our credit facility, or the A/P-floor plan balance, are typically paid within 45-60 days from the invoice date, while A/P trade invoices are typically paid within 30 days from the invoice date; however, certain of our suppliers temporarily increased our terms to 90 days.date. Our DSO increased 2to 64 days, due to an increase inwhich reflects higher sales during the quarter ended September 30, 2020, to customers with terms greater than or equal to net 60 days. The 4 day increasedays for the period ended September 30, 2021, including sales to one of our larger customers related to ongoing projects, as compared to the same period in the prior year. Our DIO wasincreased to 18 days due to an increase in averagehigher inventory balancesbalance. Inventory, which represents equipment ordered by customers but not yet delivered, increased 92.3% to $134.5 million as of 45.1%, or $24.0September 30, 2021, from $70.0 million as of March 31, 2021, partially due to pendingongoing projects for our customers and some delays in receiving by our customers whose offices were temporarily closed due to COVID-19.with the same large customer.

Financing Segmentsegment: In the six months ended September 30, 2021, our financing segment used $7.6 million from operating activities, primarily due to increases in accounts receivable of $9.8 million and financing receivables-net of $19.3 million, offset by net earnings. In the six months ended September 30, 2020, our financing segment used $36.0 million from operating activities, primarily due to changes in financing receivables- net of $54.4 million, partially offset by earnings of $10.4 million and an increase in accounts payable trade of $13.0 million.

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Cash flows related to investing activities: In the six months ended September 30, 2019, our financing segment2021, we used $58.2$13.7 million from investing activities, consisting of $16.2 million for purchases of property, equipment and operating activities, primarily due to changes in financing receivables- net of $76.4 million. We recognize the change in financing receivables, including the issuance of financing receivableslease equipment offset by repayments$2.6 million of financing receivables and the proceeds from the transfersale of financing receivables, when we account for the transfer as a sale, as part ofproperty, equipment, and operating activities.

lease equipment. Cash flows related to investing activities. In the six months ended September 30, 2020, we used $2.8 million from investing activities, consisting of $3.3 million for purchases of property, equipment and operating lease equipment offset by $0.5 million of proceeds from the sale of property, equipment, and operating lease equipment.

Cash flows from financing activities: In the six months ended September 30, 2019, we used $18.12021, cash provided by financing activities was $75.8 million, from investing activities, consisting of $13.8net borrowings on the floor plan component of our credit facility of $47.2 million for acquisitions, $4.9and net repayments of non-recourse and recourse notes payable of $35.4 million, for purchases of property, equipment and operating lease equipmentpartially offset by $0.7$6.9 million in cash used to repurchase outstanding shares of proceeds from the sale of property, equipment, and operating lease equipment.

Cash flows from financing activitiesour common stock. In the six months ended September 30, 2020, cash provided by financing activities was $69.7 million consisting of net borrowings on floor plan facility of $91.6 million, net borrowings of non-recourse and recourse notes payable of $18.1 million, which was partially offset by repayment of $35.0$35.0 million in borrowings under the accounts receivable component of our Technology segment credit facility and $4.5 million in repurchase of common stock.

In the six months ended September 30, 2019, cash provided by financing activities was $48.4 million, consisting of net borrowings of non-recourse and recourse notes payable of $49.2 million, net borrowings on floor plan facility of $13.6 million, and offset by $13.7 million in repurchase of common stock and $0.8 million paid to sellers of SLAIT as part of a working capital adjustment.

Our borrowing of non-recourse and recourse notes payable primarily arises from our financing segment when we transfer contractual payments due to us under lease and financing agreements to third-party financial institutions. When the transfers do not meet the requirements for a sale, the proceeds paid to us represent borrowings of non-recourse or recourse notes payable.

Non-Cash ActivitiesNon-cash activities.: We transfer contractual payments due to us under lease and financing agreements to third-party financial institutions. As a condition of these agreements, certain financial institutions may request that the customer remit their contractual payments to a trust, rather than to us, and the trust pays the financial institution. Alternatively, the customer will make payments to us, and we will remit the payment to the financial institution. The economic impact to us under either structure is similar, in that the assigned contractual payments are paid by the customer and remitted to the lender. However, when our customer makes payments through a trust, such payments represent non-cash transactions. Also, in certain assignment agreements, we may direct the third-party financial institution to pay some of the proceeds from the assignment directly to the vendor or vendors that have supplied the assets being leased and or financed. In these situations, the portion of the proceeds paid directly to our vendors are non-cash transactions.

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Secured borrowingsSECURED BORROWINGSFinancing segmentFINANCING SEGMENT

We may finance all or most of the cost of the assets that we finance for customers by transferring all or part of the contractual payments due to us to third-party financing institutions. When we account for the transfer as a secured borrowing, we recognize the proceeds as either recourse or non-recourse notes payable. Our customers are responsible for repaying the debt from a secured borrowing. The lender typically secures a lien on the financed assets at the time the financial assets are transferred and releases it upon collecting all the transferred payments. We are not liable for the repayment of non-recourse loans unless we breach our representations and warranties in the loan agreements. The lender assumes the credit risk and their only recourse, upon default by the customer, is against the customer and the specific equipment under lease. While we expect that the credit quality of our financing arrangements and our residual return history will continue to allow us to obtain such financing, such financing may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all.As a result of COVID-19, credit markets have tightened. Our lenders are more discerning and are taking longer to approve transactions. In addition, certain lenders have narrowed their demand to certain types of transactions and/or credit quality and excluding others. For example, some lenders have declined transactions that have longer terms or transactions with certain market segments. Therefore, we may no longer be able to transfer certain receivables to financial institutions which may result in investing our capital or declining the transaction.

Credit facility — Technology segmentCREDIT FACILITY – TECHNOLOGY SEGMENT

Our subsidiary, ePlus Technology, inc.,Throughout the current fiscal year and certain ofuntil October 12, 2021, our technology segment financed its subsidiaries haveoperations, in addition to funds generated from operations, with a financingcredit facility from WFCDF to finance their workingwith WFCDF. This facility provided short-term capital requirements for inventories and accounts receivable.our technology segment. There arewere two components of thisthe WFCDF credit facility: (1) a floor plan component;component and (2) an accounts receivable component.

On May 15, 2020, we executed an amendment toUnder the WFCDF credit facility, that increased thethere was an aggregate limit offor the two components, except during a temporary uplift, to $275.0of $275 million. Additionally, we have an electionWe could elect to temporarily increase the aggregate limit to $350.0$350 million for a period of not less than 30 days, provided that all such periods shall not exceed 150 days in the aggregate in any calendar year. Further,Additionally, the amendment increased theWFCDF credit facility had a limit on the accounts receivable component of the$100 million. WFCDF credit facility to $100.0 million, changed thecharged us an interest rate equal to two percent (2.00%) plus the greater of one month LIBOR or seventy-five hundredths of one percent (0.75%), and modified certain restrictions on ePlus Technology, inc.’s ability to pay dividends to ePlus inc..

As of September 30, 2020,2021, the limit of the two components of the credit facility was $275$350 million andas result of our election to temporarily uplift the accounts receivable component had a sub-limit of $100 million.aggregate limit.

The WFCDF credit facility iswas secured by the assets of ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiaries, and varies available borrowing based upon the value of their receivables and inventory.Borrowers. Additionally, the credit facility requiresrequired a guaranty of $10.5 million by ePlus inc.

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The WFCDF credit facility restrictsrestricted the ability of ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiariesthe Borrowers to pay dividends to ePlus inc. unless their available borrowing meetsmet certain thresholds. As of September 30, 2020,2021, and March 31, 2021, their available borrowing met the threshold such that there were no restricted net assets of ePlus Technology, inc.

The credit facility requiresrequired that financial statements of ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiariesthe Borrowers be provided within 45 days of each quarter and 90 days of each fiscal year end and requiresrequired that other operational reports be provided on a regular basis. Either party maycould terminate with 90 days’ advance written notice.

On October 13, 2021, we entered the 2021 Credit Facility by and among the Borrowers, WFCDF, as administrative agent thereunder, and the Lenders. The Lenders under this facility established for the benefit of the Borrowers a discretionary senior secured floorplan facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $375 million, together with a sublimit for a revolving credit facility for up to $100 million. Loans under this credit agreement will accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to LIBOR plus 1.75%. This new credit agreement replaced the existing credit facility effective October 13, 2021.

The loss of the WFCDF credit facility, including during circumstances related to COVID-19,2021 Credit Facility could have a material adverse effect on our future results as we currently rely on this facility and its components for daily working capital and liquidity for our technology segment and as an operational function of our accounts payable process.

Floor Plan Componentplan component.: After a customer places a purchase order with us and after we have completed our credit review of the customer, we place an order for the equipment with one of our vendors. Generally, most purchase orders from us to our vendors are first financed under the floor plan component and reflected in “accounts payable—floor plan” in our consolidated balance sheets. Payments on the floor plan component are due on three specified dates each month, generally 30-60 days from the invoice date. dateIn addition, certain suppliers have temporarily extended their repayment terms to us due to COVID-19.. Most customer payments in our technology segment are remitted to our lockboxes. Once payments are cleared, the monies in the lockbox accounts are automatically and daily transferred to our operating account. On the due dates of the floor plan component, we make cash payments to WFCDF. Our borrowings and repayments under the floor plan component are included in “net borrowings (repayments) on floor plan facility” within cash flows from the financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

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The respective floor plan component credit limits and actual outstanding balance payables for the dates indicated were as follows (in thousands):

Maximum Credit Limit
at September 30, 2020
 
Balance as of
September 30, 2020
 
Maximum Credit Limit
at March 31, 2020
 
Balance as of
March 31, 2020
 
$275,000 $218,970 $300,000 $127,416 

On October 1, 2020, we elected to exercise the temporary increase in the aggregate limit of the WFCDF credit facility to $350.0 million for a period of not less than 30 days.
Maximum Credit Limit
at September 30, 2021
  
Balance as of
September 30, 2021
  
Maximum Credit Limit
at March 31, 2021
  
Balance as of
March 31, 2021
 
$350,000  $145,880  $275,000  $98,653 

Accounts Receivable Componentreceivable component.: ePlus Technology, inc. and certain of its subsidiariesWe have an accounts receivable component included within the WFCDF credit facility, which has a revolving line of credit. The outstanding balance under the accounts receivable component is recordedpresented as part of as recourse notes payablepayable- current on our consolidated balance sheets. Our borrowings and repayments under the accounts receivable component are included in “borrowings of non-recourse and recourse notes payable” and “repayments of non-recourse and recourse notes payable”,payable,” respectively, within cash flows from the financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

As of March 31, 2020,September 30, 2021, there was an outstanding balance for the accounts receivable component of $35.0$29.0 million. As of September 30, 2020, there was noWe did not have any outstanding balance for the accounts receivable component. As of September 30, 2020, and March 31, 2020, the maximum credit limit was $100.0 million and $50.0 million, respectively. We may maintain a balance onunder the accounts receivable component to assist in mitigating risk arising from COVID-19.of the WFCDF credit facility as of either the period ended March 31, 2021, or September 30, 2020. The maximum credit limit under this facility was $100.0 million.

Performance GuaranteesPERFORMANCE GUARANTEES

In the normal course of business, we may provide certain customers with performance guarantees, which are generally backed by surety bonds. In general, we would only be liable for the amount of these guarantees in the event of default in the performance of our obligations. We are in compliance with material performance obligations under all service contracts for which there is a performance guarantee, and we believe that any liability incurred in connection with these guarantees would not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated statements of operations.

Off-Balance Sheet ArrangementsOFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

As part of our ongoing business, we do not participate in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K, or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As of September 30, 2020,2021, we were not involved in any unconsolidated special purpose entity transactions.

Adequacy
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ADEQUACY OF CAPITAL RESOURCES

The continued implementation of our business strategy will require a significant investment in both resources and managerial focus. In addition, we may selectively acquire other companies that have attractive customer relationships and skilled sales and/or engineering forces. We may also open offices in new geographic areas, which may require a significant investment of cash. We may also acquire technology companies to expand and enhance the platform of bundled solutions to provide additional functionality and value-added services. We may continue to use our internally generated funds to finance investments in leased assets or investments in notes receivables due from our customers. These actions may result in increased working capital needs as the business expands. As a result, we may require additional financing to fund our strategy, implementation, potential future acquisitions, and working capital needs, which may include additional debt and equity financing. The impacts of COVID-19 may limit or eliminate our access to capital. While the future is uncertain, we do not believe our credit facility will be terminated by the lenderWFCDF or us. OurAdditionally, while our lending partners in our financing segment have tightened credit availability and arebecome more discerning in their approval process. However,processes, we currently we have funding resources available for our transactions.

InflationINFLATION

For the periods presented herein, inflation has been relatively low, and we believe that inflation has not had a material effect on our results of operations. In the most recent quarter, we have experienced some increases in prices from our suppliers as well as rising wages. We generally have been able to pass along these price increases to our customers. There can be no assurances, however, that inflation would not have a material impact on our sales or operating costs in the future.

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Potential Fluctuations in Quarterly Operating ResultsPOTENTIAL FLUCTUATIONS IN QUARTERLY OPERATING RESULTS

Our future quarterly operating results and the market price of our common stock may fluctuate. In the event our revenues or earnings for any quarter are less than the level expected by securities analysts or the market in general, such shortfall could have an immediate and significant adverse impact on the market price of our common stock. Any such adverse impact could be greater if any such shortfall occurs near the time of any material decrease in any widely followed stock index or in the market price of the stock of one or more public equipment leasing and financing companies, IT resellers, software competitors, or our major customers or vendors.

Our quarterly results of operations are susceptible to fluctuations for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to the worldwide impacts from COVID-19, currency fluctuations, reduction in IT spending, shortages of product from our vendors due to material shortages, any reduction of expected residual values related to the equipment under our leases, the timing and mix of specific transactions, the reduction of manufacturer incentive programs, and other factors. Quarterly operating results could also fluctuate as a result of our sale of equipment in our lease portfolio to a lessee or third-party at the expiration of a lease term or prior to such expiration, and the transfer of financial assets. Sales of equipment and transfers of financial assets may have the effect of increasing revenues and net income during the quarter in which the sale occurs and reducing revenues and net income otherwise expected in subsequent quarters. See Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our 20202021 Annual Report, as supplemented in subsequently filed reports, and in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Report.

We believe that comparisons of quarterly results of our operations are not necessarily meaningful and that results for one quarter should not be relied upon as an indication of future performance.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market RiskQUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Our cash flow may be adversely affected by the risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which may result in delays in the collections of our accounts receivables or non-payment.

Although a substantial portion of our liabilities are non-recourse, fixed-interest-rate instruments, we utilize lines of credit and other financing facilities that are subject to fluctuations in short-term interest rates. Our non-recourse instruments, which are denominated in US dollars, were entered for other than trading purposes and bear interest at a fixed rate. Because the interest rate on these instruments is fixed, changes in interest rates will not directly impact our cash flows. Financing transactions funded with our cash flows, not debt, and may be subject to interest rate risk. If the market interest rate exceeds our internal rate of return, we may not fund the transaction to obtain the proceeds. Borrowings under the WFCDF credit facility bear interest at a market-based variable rate. As of September 30, 2020,2021, the aggregate fair value of our recourse and non-recourse borrowings approximated their carrying value.

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We have transactions in foreign currencies, primarily in British Pounds, Euros, and Indian Rupees. There is a potential for exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency rates resulting primarily from the translation exposure associated with the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. In addition, we have foreign currency exposure when transactions are not denominated in our subsidiary’s functional currency. To date, our foreign operations are insignificant in relation to total consolidated operations, and we believe that potential fluctuations in currency exchange rates will not have a material effect on our financial position.

TheWe evaluate developments related to the UK referendum (“Brexit”) to leaveleaving the European Union couldon a regular basis to determine if such developments will have a material impact revenue items, cost items, tax, goodwill impairmentson our results on operations and liquidity, among others. The most obvious immediate impactfinancial position. Our assessment is the effect of foreign exchange fluctuations on revenue and cost items. We have determined that our foreign currency exposure for our UK operations is insignificant in relation to total consolidated operations, and we believe those potential fluctuations in currency exchange rates and other Brexit-related economic and operational risks will not have a material effect on our results of operations and financial position.

We evaluate Brexit-related developments on a regular basis to determine if such developments are anticipated to have a material impact on the Company’s results on operations and financial position.

We lease assets in foreign countries, including Canada, the UK and several other European countries. As a lessor, we lease assets for amounts denominated in British Pounds, Euros, and Canadian dollars. As our foreign operations have been smaller compared to our domestic operations, we believe that potential fluctuations in currency exchange rates will not have a material effect on our financial position.

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Item 4. Controls and ProceduresCONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, or “disclosure controls,” as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Disclosure controls are controls and procedures designed to reasonably ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this quarterly report, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our disclosure controls include some, but not all, components of our internal control over financial reporting. Based upon that evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2020.2021.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.CHANGES IN INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended September 30, 2020,2021, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Limitations on the Effectiveness of ControlsLIMITATIONS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROLS

Our management, including our CEO and CFO, do not expect that our disclosure controls or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. A control system cannot provide absolute assurance due to its inherent limitations; it is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. A control system also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of such limitations, disclosure controls and internal control over financial reporting cannot prevent or detect all misstatements, whether unintentional errors or fraud. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process; therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.Legal ProceedingsLEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are not currently involvedPlease refer to Note 9, “Commitment and Contingencies” to the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements included in any litigation that we believe could have a materially adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operation. However, from time to time, we may be subject to legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business. Legal proceedings which may arise in the ordinary course of business include, but are not limited to, preference payment claims asserted in customer bankruptcy proceedings; tax audits; claims of alleged infringement of patents, trademarks, copyrights, and other intellectual property rights; claims of alleged non-compliance with contract provisions; employment-related claims; claims by competitors, vendors, or customers; claims related to alleged violations of laws and regulations; claims relating to alleged security or privacy breaches, and claims stemming from actions or events relating to COVID-19. We attempt to ameliorate the effect of potential litigation through insurance coverage and contractual protections such as rights to indemnifications and limitations of liability. Additionally, we proactively seek to recover funds to which we may be entitled. From time to time, we are successful in obtaining recoveries by filing a claim in class action suits, however, we have limited insight into the timing or amount of those recoveries.

We provide for costs relating to contingencies when a loss is probable, and the amount is reasonably determinable. In the opinion of management, there was not at least a reasonable possibility that the Company may have incurred a material loss, or a material loss in excess of a recorded accrual, with respect to loss contingencies for asserted legal and other claims. However, the outcome of legal proceedings and claims brought against us is subject to significant uncertainty. Therefore, although management considers the likelihood of such an outcome to be remote, if one or more of these legal matters were resolved against the Company in a reporting period for amounts in excess of management’s expectations, the Company’s consolidated financial statements for that reporting period could be materially adversely affected.“Part I, Item 1. Financial Statements”.

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Item 1A.Risk Factors RISK FACTORS

There has not been any material change in the risk factors previously disclosed in “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2021, as supplemented in Part I,II, Item 1A of our 2020 Annual Report.Quarterly Report for the period ended June 30, 2021.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

The following table provides information regarding our total purchases of 76,743 shares of ePlus inc. common stock during the six months ended September 30, 2020.2021, including a total of 49,028 shares purchased as part of the publicly announced share repurchase plans or programs.

Period 
Total
number of
shares
purchased
(1)
  
Average
price
paid per
share
  
Total number of
shares
purchased as
part of publicly
announced plans
or programs
  
Maximum number (or
approximate dollar
value) of shares that
may yet be purchased
under the plans or
programs
 
April 1, 2020 through April 30, 2020  -  $-   -   339,324(2)
May 1, 2020 through May 27, 2020  996  $66.75   -   339,324(3)
May 28, 2020 through May 31, 2020  -       -   500,000(4)
June 1, 2020 through June 30, 2020  36,644  $71.94   -   500,000(5)
July 1, 2020 through July 31, 2020  -       -   500,000(6)
August 1, 2020 through August 31, 2020  -  $-   -   500,000(7)
September 1, 2020 through September 30, 2020  24,318  $73.37   24,318   475,682(8)
Period 
Total
number of
shares
purchased
(1)
  
Average
price
paid per
share
  
Total number of
shares purchased
as part of publicly
announced plans
or programs
  
Maximum number (or
approximate dollar
value) of shares that
may yet be purchased
under the plans or
programs
 
April 1, 2021 through April 30, 2021  -  $-   -   440,899   (2)
May 1, 2021 through May 27, 2021  999  $100.80   -   440,899   (3)
May 28, 2021 through May 31, 2021  -  $-   -   500,000   (4)
June 1, 2021 through June 30, 2021  44,345  $90.42   17,629   482,371   (5)
July 1, 2021 through July 31, 2021  31,399  $87.99   31,399   450,972   (6)
August 1, 2021 through August 31, 2021  -  $-   -   450,972   (7)
September 1, 2021 through September 30, 2021  -  $-   -   450,972   (8)

(1)AnyAll shares acquired were in open-market purchases, except for 37,64027,715 shares, out of which 996999 were repurchased in May 20202021 and 36,64426,716 in June 20202021 to satisfy tax withholding obligations that arose due to the vesting of shares of restricted stock.
(2)The share purchase authorization in place for the month ended April 30, 2020,2021, had purchase limitations on the number of shares of up to 500,000 shares. As of April 30, 2020,2021, the remaining authorized shares to be purchased were 339,324.440,899.
(3)As of May 27, 2019,2021, the authorization under the then existingthen-existing share repurchase plan expired.
(4)On May 20, 2020,March 18, 2021, the board of directors authorized the company to repurchase up to 500,000 shares of our outstanding common stock commencing on May 28, 2020,2021, and continuing to May 27, 2021.2022. As of May 31, 2020,2021, the remaining authorized shares to be purchased were 500,000.
(5)The share purchase authorization in place for the month ended June 30, 2020,2021, had purchase limitations on the number of shares of up to 500,000 shares. As of June 30, 2020,2021, the remaining authorized shares to be purchased were 500,000.482,371.
(6)The share purchase authorization in place for the month ended July 31, 2020,2021, had purchase limitations on the number of shares of up to 500,000 shares. As of July 31, 2020,2021, the remaining authorized shares to be purchased were 500,000.450,972.
(7)The share purchase authorization in place for the month ended August 31, 2020,2021, had purchase limitations on the number of shares of up to 500,000 shares. As of August 31, 2020,2021, the remaining authorized shares to be purchased were 500,000.450,972.
(8)The share purchase authorization in place for the month ended September 30, 2020,2021, had purchase limitations on the number of shares of up to 500,000 shares. As of September 30, 2020,2021, the remaining authorized shares to be purchased were 475,682.450,972.

The timing and expiration date of the current stock repurchase authorizations are included in Note 12,11, “Stockholders’ Equity” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not Applicable.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not Applicable.

Item 5.Other Information OTHER INFORMATION

None.

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Item 6.ExhibitsEXHIBITS

Exhibit
Number
 Exhibit Description
   
 
ePlusePlus inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation as amended September 15, 2008 (Incorporated herein by reference as Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 19, 2008).
   
 
Amended and Restated Bylaws of ePlusePlus inc., as amended February 15, 2018of September 1, 2021.
ePlus 2021 Employee Long-Term Incentive Plan (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.110.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 20, 2018)September 23, 2021).
First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October 13, 2021, by and among ePlus Technology, inc., ePlus Technology Services, inc., SLAIT Consulting, LLC, certain of ePlus inc. subsidiaries as guarantors, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC as administrative agent and the Lenders party thereto (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report in Form 8-K filed on October 19, 2021).
Guaranty and Security Agreement, dated as of October 13, 2021, by and among ePlus Technology, inc., ePlus Technology Services, inc., SLAIT Consulting, LLC, certain future subsidiaries of ePlus inc., as guarantors, Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC as administrative agent for the benefit of Secured Parties (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 19, 2021).
First Amended and Restated Collateralized Guaranty, dated as of October 13, 2021, by and among ePlus Group, inc. and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC as agent for the benefit of Secured Parties (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 19, 2021).
First Amended and Restated Limited Guaranty, dated as of October 13, 2021, by and between ePlus inc. and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC as agent for the benefit of Secured Parties (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 19, 2021).
   
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer of ePlusePlus inc. pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a).
   
 
Certification of the Chief Financial Officer of ePlusePlus inc. pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a).
   
 
Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of ePlusePlus inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350.
   
101.INS XBRL Instance Document
   
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
   
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
   
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
   
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
   
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
   
104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).


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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

ePlus
ePlus inc.
 
   
Date:  November 4, 20209, 2021/s/ MARK P. MARRON 
 By: Mark P. Marron
 
Chief Executive Officer and
President
 
 (Principal Executive Officer) 
   
Date:  November 4, 20209, 2021/s/ ELAINE D. MARION 
 By: Elaine D. Marion 
 Chief Financial Officer 
 (Principal Financial Officer)



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