UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019
OR
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _________________ to _______________________
Commission file number: 0-22427
heskalogowhtbkgd07.jpg
HESKA CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware77-0192527
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

3760 Rocky Mountain Avenue
Loveland, Colorado


80538
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (970) 493-7272

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x   No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes x  No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o
Smaller Reporting Company ¨
 
Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  Yes o  No x
7,589,249



Securities registered pursuant to Section 12 (b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange where registered
Common stock, $0.01 par valueHSKAThe Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

7,750,652 shares of the Registrant's Public Common Stock, $.01 par value, were outstanding at November 6, 2018.May 7, 2019.



TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
 Item 1.
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Item 2.
 Item 3.
 Item 4.
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION 
 Item 1.
 Item 1A.
Item 2.
 Item 6.
  

HESKA, ALLERCEPT, HEMATRUE, SOLO STEP,HemaTrue, Solo Step, Element DC, Element HT5, Element POC, Element i, Element COAG and Element DC5xDC5X are registered trademarks and SonoSlateElement RC is a trademark of Heska Corporation. DRI-CHEM is a registered trademark of FUJIFILM Corporation. TRI-HEART is a registered trademark of Intervet Inc., d/b/a Merck Animal Health, formerly known as Schering-Plough Animal Health Corporation ("Merck Animal Health"), which is a unit of Merck & Co., Inc., in the United States and is a registered trademark of Heska Corporation in other countries. This quarterly report on Form 10-Q also refers to trademarks and trade names of other organizations.


- i-




PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 September 30, December 31, March 31, December 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
 (unaudited)   (unaudited)  
ASSETS
Current assets:  
  
  
  
Cash and cash equivalents $9,236
 $9,659
 $9,101
 $13,389
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $234 and $215, respectively 13,647
 15,710
Due from – related parties 
 1
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $259 and $245, respectively 16,202
 16,454
Inventories, net 27,639
 32,596
 27,388
 25,104
Lease receivable, current, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $36 and $0, respectively 2,777
 2,069
Contract acquisition costs, current 840
 30
Net investment in leases, current, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $40 and $40, respectively 3,225
 2,989
Other current assets 3,904
 3,066
 4,620
 4,471
Total current assets 58,043
 63,131
 60,536
 62,407
        
Property and equipment, net 16,284
 17,331
 15,511
 15,981
Goodwill and intangible assets, net 28,349
 28,645
Operating lease right-of-use assets 6,414
 
Goodwill 27,311
 26,679
Other intangible assets, net 9,923
 9,764
Deferred tax asset, net 13,851
 11,877
 15,176
 14,121
Lease receivable, non-current 11,521
 9,615
Net investment in leases, non-current 12,615
 11,908
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates 8,089
 
 7,837
 8,018
Contract acquisition costs, non-current 1,623
 3
Other non-current assets 6,360
 5,185
 7,457
 7,574
Total assets $144,120
 $135,787
 $162,780
 $156,452
        
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
LIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITYLIABILITIES, MEZZANINE EQUITY AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:  
  
  
  
Accounts payable $4,545
 $9,489
 $7,746
 $7,469
Due to – related parties 280
 1,828
 
 226
Accrued liabilities 10,518
 4,417
 10,647
 10,142
Current portion of deferred revenue 2,766
 3,992
Line of credit and other short-term borrowings 6,019
 6,000
Current operating lease liability 1,693
 
Current portion of deferred revenue, and other 2,704
 2,526
Total current liabilities 24,128
 25,726
 22,790
 20,363
        
Deferred revenue, net of current portion, and other 8,391
 9,621
Deferred revenue, net of current portion 6,728
 7,082
Line of credit and other long-term borrowings 6,026
 6,031
Non-current operating lease liability 5,122
 
Other liabilities 175
 567
Total liabilities 32,519
 35,347
 40,841
 34,043
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13) 

 

    
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) 

 

    
Redeemable non-controlling interest and mezzanine equity 662
 
        
Stockholders' equity:  
  
  
  
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 2,500,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding 
 
 
 
Common stock, $.01 par value, 10,250,000 and 10,000,000 shares authorized, respectively, none issued or outstanding 
 
Public common stock, $.01 par value, 10,250,000 and 10,000,000 shares authorized, 7,552,596 and 7,302,954 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 76
 73
Common stock, $.01 par value, 10,250,000 and 10,250,000 shares authorized, respectively, none issued or outstanding 
 
Public common stock, $.01 par value, 10,250,000 and 10,250,000 shares authorized, 7,746,602 and 7,675,692 shares issued and outstanding, respectively 77
 77
Additional paid-in capital 249,755
 243,598
 255,150
 257,034
Accumulated other comprehensive income 216
 232
 215
 277
Accumulated deficit (138,446) (143,463) (134,165) (134,979)
Total stockholders' equity 111,601
 100,440
 121,277
 122,409
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $144,120
 $135,787
Total liabilities, mezzanine equity and stockholders' equity $162,780
 $156,452

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2018 2017 2018 2017
Revenue:    
  
  
Core companion animal health $27,190
 $25,578
 $80,652
 $75,453
Other vaccines, pharmaceuticals and products 3,765
 4,758
 12,729
 17,847
Total revenue, net 30,955
 30,336
 93,381
 93,300
         
Cost of revenue 16,161
 16,783
 52,215
 51,609
         
Gross profit 14,794
 13,553
 41,166
 41,691
         
Operating expenses:    
  
  
Selling and marketing 6,215
 5,815
 18,299
 17,908
Research and development 935
 601
 2,165
 1,576
General and administrative 11,239
 3,359
 20,223
 11,081
Total operating expenses 18,389
 9,775
 40,687
 30,565
Operating (loss) income (3,595) 3,778
 479
 11,126
Interest and other (income) expense, net (50) (6) 37
 (186)
(Loss) income before income taxes (3,545) 3,784
 442
 11,312
Income tax expense (benefit):    
  
  
Current income tax expense 27
 8
 56
 25
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense (1,902) 693
 (1,997) 762
Total income tax (benefit) expense (1,875) 701
 (1,941) 787
         
Net (loss) income (1,670) 3,083
 2,383
 10,525
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest 
 
 
 (498)
Net (loss) income attributable to Heska Corporation $(1,670) $3,083
 $2,383
 $11,023
         
Basic (loss) earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation $(0.23) $0.43
 $0.33
 $1.58
Diluted (loss) earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation $(0.23) $0.40
 $0.30
 $1.45
         
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute basic (loss) earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation 7,289
 7,139
 7,194
 6,985
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute diluted (loss) earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation 7,289
 7,668
 7,820
 7,580
  Three Months Ended March 31,
  2019 2018
Revenue:    
Core companion animal $24,716
 $26,819
Other vaccines and pharmaceuticals 4,795
 5,946
Total revenue, net 29,511
 32,765
     
Cost of revenue 16,968
 19,458
     
Gross profit 12,543
 13,307
     
Operating expenses:    
Selling and marketing 7,033
 6,140
Research and development 1,366
 670
General and administrative 4,219
 4,626
Total operating expenses 12,618
 11,436
Operating (loss) income (75) 1,871
Interest and other income, net (16) (4)
(Loss) income before income taxes and equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates (59) 1,875
Income tax (benefit) expense:    
Current income tax expense 45
 17
Deferred income tax benefit (1,055) (297)
Total income tax benefit (1,010) (280)
     
Net income before equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates 951
 2,155
Equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates (181) 
Net income after equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates 770
 2,155
Net loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest (44) 
Net income attributable to Heska Corporation $814
 $2,155
     
Basic earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation $0.11
 $0.30
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation $0.10
 $0.28
     
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute basic earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation 7,459
 7,102
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute diluted earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation 7,965
 7,711
 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.



HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands) 
(unaudited)

  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2018 2017 2018 2017
         
Net (loss) income $(1,670) $3,083
 $2,383
 $10,525
Other comprehensive income (loss):    
  
  
Foreign currency translation 15
 (45) (16) 125
Comprehensive (loss) income (1,655) 3,038

2,367

10,650
         
Comprehensive loss attributable to non-controlling interest 
 
 
 (498)
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Heska Corporation $(1,655) $3,038

$2,367

$11,148
  Three Months Ended March 31,
  2019 2018
Net income after equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates $770
 $2,155
Other comprehensive income (loss):    
Foreign currency translation (62) 81
Comprehensive income 708
 2,236
     
Comprehensive loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest (44) 
Comprehensive income attributable to Heska Corporation $752
 $2,236
 
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.



HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands) 
(unaudited)

   
 
Common Stock
  
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
  
 
Accumulated
Deficit
  
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2018 Shares Amount 
Balances, June 30, 2017 7,196
 $72
 $241,575
 $267
 $(145,339) $96,575
Net income 
 
 
 
 3,083
 3,083
Issuance of common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes 48
 
 716
 
 
 716
Stock-based compensation 
 
 707
 
 
 707
Distribution for Heska Imaging minority interest 
 
 
 
 (9) (9)
Other comprehensive loss 
 
 
 (45) 
 (45)
Balances, September 30, 2017 7,244
 $72
 $242,998
 $222
 $(142,265) $101,027
             
Balances, June 30, 2018 7,498
 $75
 $246,422
 $201
 $(136,776) $109,922
Net loss 
 
 
 
 (1,670) (1,670)
Issuance of common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes 55
 1
 1,927
 
 
 1,928
Stock-based compensation 
 
 1,406
 
 
 1,406
Other comprehensive income 
 
 
 15
 
 15
Balances, September 30, 2018 7,553
 $76
 $249,755
 $216
 $(138,446) $111,601

  
 
Common Stock
  
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
  
 
Accumulated
Deficit
  
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
  
 
Common Stock
  
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
  
 
Accumulated
Deficit
  
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2018 Shares Amount 
Balances, December 31, 2016 7,026
 $70
 $238,635
 $97
 $(151,827) $86,975
Net income 
 
 
 
 10,525
 10,525
Issuance of common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes 218
 2
 1,425
 
 
 1,427
Stock-based compensation 
 
 2,093
 
 
 2,093
Accretion of non-controlling interest 
 
 845
 
 
 845
Distribution for Heska Imaging minority interest 
 
 
 
 (963) (963)
Other comprehensive income 
 
 
 125
 
 125
Balances, September 30, 2017 7,244
 $72
 $242,998
 $222
 $(142,265) $101,027
            
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 and 2019 Shares Amount  
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
  
 
Accumulated
Deficit
  
Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Balances, December 31, 2017 7,303
 $73
 $243,598
 $232
 $(143,463) $100,440
 7,303
 $73
 
Adoption of accounting standards 
 
 
 
 2,634
 2,634
 
 
 
 
 2,634
 2,634
Balances, January 1, 2018, as adjusted 7,303
 73
 243,598
 232
 (140,829) 103,074
 7,303
 73
 243,598
 232
 (140,829) 103,074
Net income 
 
 
 
 2,383
 2,383
Net income attributable to Heska Corporation 
 
 
 
 2,155
 2,155
Issuance of common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes 116
 1
 (1,285) 
 
 (1,284)
Stock-based compensation 
 
 1,064
 
 
 1,064
Other comprehensive income 
 
 
 81
 
 81
Balances, March 31, 2018 7,419
 $74
 $243,377
 $313
 $(138,674) $105,090
            
Balances, December 31, 2018 7,676
 $77
 $257,034
 $277
 $(134,979) $122,409
Net income attributable to Heska Corporation 
 
 
 
 814
 814
Issuance of common stock, net of shares withheld for employee taxes 250
 3
 2,383
 
 
 2,386
 71
 
 (3,070) 
 
 (3,070)
Stock-based compensation 
 
 3,774
 
 
 3,774
 
 
 1,186
 
 
 1,186
Other comprehensive loss 
 
 
 (16) 
 (16) 
 
 
 (62) 
 (62)
Balances, September 30, 2018 7,553
 $76
 $249,755
 $216
 $(138,446) $111,601
Balances, March 31, 2019 7,747
 $77
 $255,150
 $215
 $(134,165) $121,277
            
Note: Excludes amounts related to redeemable non-controlling interests recorded in mezzanine equity.Note: Excludes amounts related to redeemable non-controlling interests recorded in mezzanine equity.
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 Three Months Ended
March 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:        
Net income $2,383
 $10,525
Net income after equity in losses from unconsolidated affiliates $770
 $2,155
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:  
  
  
  
Depreciation and amortization 3,473
 3,586
 1,265
 1,196
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense (1,997) 762
Non-cash impact of operating leases 375
 
Deferred income tax benefit (1,055) (297)
Stock-based compensation 3,774
 2,093
 1,186
 1,064
Other (income) expense (2) 7
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:  
  
Other losses 191
 10
Changes in operating assets and liabilities (net of the effect of acquisitions):  
  
Accounts receivable 2,075
 7,376
 624
 1,465
Inventories 3,935
 (10,490) (1,052) 2,047
Due from related parties 1
 78
 
 1
Lease receivable, current (708) (991) (237) (233)
Other current assets (778) (341) (151) 257
Accounts payable (4,945) 1,835
 (110) (3,265)
Due to related parties (1,422) 1,145
 (226) (1,026)
Accrued liabilities and other 6,102
 (3,046) 39
 2,981
Lease receivable, non-current (1,906) (3,985) (668) (754)
Other non-current assets (1,256) (620) 101
 244
Deferred revenue and other (2,271) (1,656) (325) (1,638)
Net cash provided by operating activities 6,458
 6,278
 727
 4,207
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:        
Purchase of minority interest 
 (13,757)
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates (8,089) 
Investment in subsidiary, net of cash acquired (224) 
Purchases of property and equipment (1,061) (1,998) (234) (375)
Proceeds from disposition of property and equipment 24
 6
Net cash used in investing activities (9,126) (15,749) (458) (375)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:        
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 3,627
 2,287
 410
 288
Repurchase of common stock (1,241) (860) (3,480) (1,571)
Proceeds from line of credit borrowings 3,000
 40,307
Repayments of line of credit borrowings (3,000) (34,666)
Distributions to non-controlling interest members (126) (963) 
 (126)
Repayments of other debt (5) (78) (1,486) 
Net cash provided by financing activities 2,255
 6,027
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH (10) 73
DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (423) (3,371)
Net cash used in financing activities (4,556) (1,409)
NET EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH (1) 44
NET (DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (4,288) 2,467
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD 9,659
 10,794
 13,389
 9,659
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD $9,236
 $7,423
 $9,101
 $12,126
        
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:        
Non-cash transfers of equipment between inventory and property and equipment, net $1,019
 $824
 $227
 $251

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



1.    OPERATIONS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Heska Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries ("Heska", the "Company", "we" or "our") sell veterinary and animal health diagnostic and specialty products. Our offerings include Point of Care diagnostic laboratory instruments and consumables,supplies; digital imaging diagnostic products, software and services, vaccines,services; vaccines; local and cloud-based data services,services; allergy testing and immunotherapy,immunotherapy; and single-use offerings such as in-clinic diagnostic tests and heartworm preventive products. Our core focus is on supporting veterinarians in the canine and feline healthcare space.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the results of our operations, and statements of stockholders' equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, as well as cash flows for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and 2017.2018.
The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. Our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries since their respective dates of acquisitions. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Where our ownership of a subsidiary wasis less than 100%, the non-controlling interest is reported on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The non-controlling interest in our consolidated net income is reported as "Net loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest" on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 20172018 and other financial information filed with the SEC.
Reclassification
To maintain consistency and comparability, certain amounts in the financial statements have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates are required when establishing the allowance for doubtful accounts and the net realizable value of inventory; determining future costs associated with warranties provided; determining the period over which our obligations are fulfilled under agreements to license product rights and/or technology rights; evaluating long-lived and intangible assets and investments for estimated useful lives and impairment; estimating the useful lives of instruments under leasing arrangements; determining the allocation of purchase price under purchase accounting; estimating the expense associated with the granting of stock options; andstock; determining the need for, and the amount of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.assets; and determining the value of the non-controlling interest in a business combination.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


Critical Accounting Policies
Our accounting policies are described in our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018 and other than the recently adopted accounting pronouncements and Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliates policy discusseddescribed below, have not changed significantly since such filing.
Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates are measured and recorded as either non-marketable equity securities or equity method investments. Non-marketable equity securities are equity securities without readily determinable fair value that are measured and recorded using a measurement alternative which measures the securities at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes from qualifying observable price changes. Equity method investments are equity securities in investees we do not control but over which we have the ability to exercise significant influence. When the equity method of accounting is determined to be appropriate, the initial measurement of the investment includes the cost of the investment and all direct transaction costs incurred to acquire the investment. Equity method investments are measured at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus our share of equity method investee income or loss, which will be recorded as a separate line on the income statement. Both types of investments will be evaluated for impairment if a triggering event occurs.
Adoption of New Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which became effective for us beginningEffective January 1, 2018. The new standard made eight targeted changes to how cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. Adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and has subsequently issued several supplemental and/or clarifying Accounting Standards Updates or ASUs (collectively “ASC 606”). ASC 606 prescribes a single common revenue standard that replaces most existing GAAP revenue recognition guidance. ASC 606 outlines a five-step model, under which Heska will recognize revenue as performance obligations within customer contracts are satisfied. ASC 606 is intended to provide more consistent interpretation and application of the principles outlined in the standard across filers in multiple industries and within the same industries compared to current practices, which should improve comparability. Along with the issuance of ASC 606, additional cost guidance was issued and codified under ASC 340-40 that outlines the requirement for capitalizing incremental costs of obtaining a contract and costs to fulfill a contract that meet certain capitalization criteria.

On January 1, 2018,2019, we adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method for all customer contracts not yet completed as of the adoption date. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under Topic 605, Revenue Recognition.

We recorded an increase to beginning retained earnings of $2.6 million as of January 1, 2018 due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606. The impact to beginning retained earnings was primarily driven by the capitalization of certain costs to obtain our customer contracts, which were primarily sales-related commissions. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a significant impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018. As a result,

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comparisons of revenues and operating profit performance between periods are not affected by the adoption of this ASU. 

We generate our Core Companion Animal (“CCA”) segment revenue through the sale of products, either by outright purchase by our customers or through a subscription agreement whereby our customers receive instruments and pay us a monthly fee for the usage of the instrument as well as the consumables needed to conduct testing. Outright sales to customers are the majority of both Point of Care imaging diagnostic transactions and the sale of pharmaceuticals and vaccines, while subscription placement is the majority of Point of Care diagnostic laboratory transactions.

For outright sales of products, revenue is recognized when control of the promised product or service is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those products or services (the transaction price). A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct product or service to a customer and is the unit of account under ASC 606. For instruments, consumables, and most software licenses sold by the Company, control transfers to the customer at a point in time. To indicate the transfer of control, the Company must have a present right to payment, legal title must have passed to the customer, the customer must have the significant risks and rewards of ownership, and where acceptance is not a formality, the customer must have accepted the product or service. Heska’s principal terms of sale are FOB Shipping Point, or equivalent, and, as such, we primarily transfer control and record revenue for product sales upon shipment. If a performance obligation to the customer with respect to a sales transaction remains unfulfilled following shipment (typically owed installation or acceptance by the customer), revenue recognition for that performance obligation is deferred until such commitments have been fulfilled. We do not generally allow return of products or instruments. For extended warranty and service plans, control transfers to the customer over the term of the arrangement. Revenue for extended warranties and service is recognized based upon the period of time elapsed under the arrangement.

Our revenue under subscription agreements relate to operating-type lease (“OTL”) arrangements or sales-type lease (“STL”) arrangements. A STL would result in earlier recognition of instrument revenue as compared to an OTL, which is generally upon installation of the instruments. The cost of the customer-leased instruments is removed from inventory and recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Determination of an OTL or STL is primarily based on the length of the contract as compared to the estimated useful life of the instrument, among other factors. Leases are outside of the scope of ASC 606 and are therefore accounted for in accordance with ASC 840, Leases. Instrument lease revenue for OTL agreements is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease, and the costs of customer-leased instruments are recorded within property and equipment in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and depreciated over the instrument’s estimated useful life. The depreciation expense is reflected in cost of revenue in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. The OTLs and STLs are not cancellable until after an initial term. Under either type of lease, we often charge a subscription fee and provide a minimum supply credit. OTLs may include a minimum utilization rather than a minimum supply credit.
For contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the contracts' transaction price for each performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis using our best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct product or service in the contract. The primary method used to estimate the standalone selling price is the price observed in standalone sales to customers. However, when prices in standalone sales are not available, we may use a cost-plus margin approach. Allocation of the transaction price is determined at the contracts' inception. The Company does not adjust the transaction price for the effects of a significant financing component when the period between the transfer of the promised good or service to the customer and payment for that good or service by the customer is expected to be one

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year or less. This allocation approach also applies to contracts for which a portion of the contract relates to a lease component.

We generate revenue within our Other Vaccines, Pharmaceuticals, and Products (“OVP”) segment through contract manufacturing agreements with customers. The timing of revenue recognition of our customer contracts are generally recognized upon shipment or acceptance by our customer, under the same guidelines noted above for other outright product sales. Heska assessed the over-time criteria within ASC 606 and concluded that because products within this segment have no alternative use to Heska, as Heska is contractually prohibited to redirect the product to other customers, Heska does not have right to payment for performance to date. Therefore, point in time revenue recognition has been determined to be appropriate.

Revenue generated from licensing arrangements is recognized based on the underlying term of the contract.

Refer to Note 2 for additional disclosures required by ASC 606.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to NonemployeeNon-employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.Accounting. This ASU is intended to simplify aspects of share-based compensation issued to non-employees by making the guidance consistent with accounting for employee share-based compensation. ASU 2018-07Guidance related to the stock compensation granted to employees is effectivefollowed for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018non-employees, including the measurement date, valuation approach and interim periods within those annual periods, with earlyperformance conditions. The expense is recognized in the same period as though cash were paid for the good or service, ratably over the service period. The adoption permitted but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of Topic 606. We will adopt the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of 2019. Adoption of the new standard isdid not expected to have a materialan impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.consolidated financial statements but did have a minimal impact on our related disclosures.

In February 2018, the FASB issuedEffective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASU 2018-02,Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. The ASU permits companies to elect a reclassification of the disproportionate tax effects in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") caused by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 to retained earnings. TheAs of March 31, 2019, the Company does not have any disproportionate income tax effects in AOCI to reclassify. However, if the Company did have disproportionate income tax effects in AOCI in the future, it would reclassify them to retained earnings.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU also requires additional disclosures.2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes ASC 840, Leases. This update requires lessees to recognize a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability for all leases, including operating leases, with terms greater than 12 months on its balance sheet. The update also expands the required quantitative and qualitative disclosures by lessees and lessors about the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The accounting for lessors does not fundamentally change except for changes to conform and align guidance to the lessee guidance as well as to the new revenue recognition guidance in ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). Subsequent to the issuance of Topic 842, the FASB clarified the guidance through several ASUs; hereinafter the collection of lease guidance is referred to as “ASC 842”.

The Company adopted ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, using the modified retrospective approach for all lease arrangements at the beginning of the period of adoption. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2019 are presented under ASC 842, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under ASC 840, Leases. For leases that commenced before the effective date of ASC 842, the Company elected the permitted practical expedients to not reassess the following: (i) whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018any expired or existing leases; and interim periods within those fiscal years,(iii) initial direct costs for any existing leases. The Company also elected to exclude leases with early adoption permitted. We will adopta term of 12 months or less from the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of 2019. recognized ROU assets and lease liabilities.

Adoption of the new standard isdid not expected to have a material net impact in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income or Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for the operating leases, of which we are the lessee. As a result of the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 842, the Company recorded operating lease ROU assets of $6.5 million and operating lease liabilities of $6.9 million as of January 1,

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2019, primarily related to building, vehicle, and office equipment leases, based on the present value of the future lease payments on the date of adoption. As a lessor, accounting for our subscription agreements will remain substantially unchanged. Refer to Note 6 for additional disclosures required by ASC 842.
The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception based on whether control of an identified asset is transferred. For leases where the Company is the lessee, ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent an obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The lease terms used to calculate the ROU asset and related lease liability include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term as an operating expense while the expense for finance leases is recognized as amortization expense and interest expense. The Company has lease agreements which require payments for lease and non-lease components and has elected to account for these as a single lease component for our building and office equipment leases, but as separate components for our vehicle leases.

Our revenue under subscription agreements relates to both operating-type lease (“OTL”) arrangements or sales-type lease (“STL”) arrangements. Determination of an OTL or STL is primarily determined as a result of the length of the contract as compared to the estimated useful life of the instrument, among other factors. A STL results in earlier recognition of instrument revenue. The cost of the customer-leased instruments is removed from inventory and recognized in the Consolidated Financial Statements.Statements of Income. There is no residual value taken into consideration as it does not meet our capitalization requirements. Instrument lease revenue for OTL agreements is recognized on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease and included with the predominant non-lease components in consumable revenue. The costs of customer-leased instruments are recorded within property and equipment in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets and depreciated over the instrument’s estimated useful life. The depreciation expense is reflected in cost of revenue in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. The OTLs and STLs are not cancellable until after an initial term and include an option to renew.
For lease arrangements with lease and non-lease components where the Company is the lessor, the Company allocates the contracts transaction price to the lease and non-lease components on a relative standalone selling price basis using the Company’s best estimate of the standalone selling price of each distinct product or service in the contract. The primary method used to estimate standalone selling price is the price observed in standalone sales to customers of a prior period. Changes in these values can impact the amount of consideration allocated to each component of the contract. When prices in standalone sales are not available, we may use a cost-plus margin approach. Allocation of the transaction price is determined at the inception of the lease arrangement. The Company’s leases consist of leases with fixed and variable lease payments. For those leases with variable lease payments, the variable lease payment is typically based upon purchase of consumables used with the leased instruments and included in consumable revenue.
Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326), which requirerequires that financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected. The income statement reflects the measurement of credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as the increases or decreases of expected credit losses that have taken place during the period. The measurement of

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expected credit losses is based upon historical experience, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses. This ASU clarifies that receivables from operating leases are accounted for using the lease guidance and not as financial instruments. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption for fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018 is permitted. We will adopt the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of 2020. We are currently evaluating the effect of this update on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which supersedes ASC 840, Leases. This update requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a lease asset for all leases, including operating

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leases, with a term greater than 12 months on its balance sheet. The update also expands the required quantitative and qualitative disclosures surrounding leases. The accounting for lessors does not fundamentally change except for changes to conform and align guidance to the lessee guidance as well as to the new revenue recognition guidance in ASU 2014-09. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases and ASU 2018-11, Leases, Targeted Improvements, which provide additional clarification and implementation guidance on certain aspects of ASU 2016-02 and have the same effective date and transition requirements. Specifically, ASU 2018-10 provides certain amendments that affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2016-02, and ASU 2018-11 and creates an additional transition method option allowing entities to record a cumulative effect adjustment to the opening retained earnings balance in the year of adoption. ASU 2018-11 also allows lessors to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component if certain conditions are met. These updates will be applied using a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. We are currently evaluating the effect of this update on our consolidated financial statements.
In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-09, Codification Improvements. This update provides amendments to a wide variety of topics in the FASB's Accounting Standards Codification, which applies to all reporting entities within the scope of the affected accounting guidance. The transition and effective date guidance are based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments within ASU 2018-09 do not require transition guidance and were effective upon issuance. However, many amendments do have transition guidance with effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of adopting the applicable guidance on our consolidated financial statements.


2.     REVENUE

We separate our goods and services among:

Point of Care laboratory products including instruments, consumables and services;
Point of Care imaging products including instruments, software and services;
Single use pharmaceuticals, vaccines and diagnostic tests primarily related to companion animals; and
Other vaccines and pharmaceuticals.pharmaceuticals ("OVP").
The following table summarizes our Core Companion Animal ("CCA") revenue (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Point of Care laboratory revenue:$15,961
 $13,641
    Consumables12,317
 10,821
    Sales-type leases1,742
 1,538
    Outright instrument sales1,528
 811
    Other374
 471
    
Point of Care imaging revenue:5,410
 5,972
    Outright instrument sales4,546
 5,137
    Service revenue562
 556
    Operating type leases and other302
 279
    
Other CCA revenue:3,345
 7,206
    Other pharmaceuticals, vaccines and diagnostic tests3,246
 7,109
    Research and development, license and royalty revenue99
 97
    
Total CCA revenue$24,716
 $26,819


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Revenue from our CCA segment consists of Point of Care laboratory products, including instruments and consumables, Point of Care imaging products, and single use diagnostic and other tests, pharmaceuticals and biologicals. Point of Care laboratory products are generally sold under a long-term subscription agreement with the instrument portion of the sale accounted for under Topic 840, Leases, as either an OTL or STL. For STL, we apply the provisions of ASC 606 to determine the point in time when control is transferred to the customer, generally when installation of the instrument occurs. Related profit and derecognition of the asset from the Company's balance sheet follows prescribed guidance under ASC 840. Revenue recognized under this topic was approximately $1.2 million and $4.6 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, we recognized approximately $1.4 million and $3.5 million, respectively, of instrument sales related to the outright sale of instruments to customers, which also included shipping and preparation fees. Consumables are critical to the use of the Point of Care laboratory instruments and are used one-time, requiring frequent replacement in the customer's operating cycle. Revenue recorded related to sales of consumables was $11.6 million and $33.9 million in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Other services, such as extended service plans and repairs, resulted in approximately $0.4 million and $1.2 million of revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
Point of Care imaging instruments and software are generally sold outright to customers and recognized upon shipment, which is generally the point in time when control transfers to customers. Revenue of approximately $4.4 million and $13.2 million was recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Rental agreements, generally accounted for as OTLs under Topic 840, Leases, resulted in approximately $0.3 million and $0.9 million of rental revenue in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. Service revenue, including extended warranty revenue, of approximately $0.6 million and $1.7 million was recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.
Revenue from single use diagnostic and other tests, pharmaceuticals and biologicals as well as research and development, licensing and royalty revenue, represented approximately $7.3 million of our revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2018, and $21.6 million of our revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Of those amounts, approximately $0.1 million and $0.3 million related to license and royalty income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

Revenue from our OVP segment consists of revenue generated from contract manufacturing agreements and from other license, and research and development. Revenue from contract manufacturing contracts and from other license and research and development was $3.6 million and $0.2 million, respectively, in the three months ended September 30, 2018, and $12.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, in the nine months ended September 30, 2018.revenue. The following table summarizes our OVP revenue (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Contract manufacturing$4,666
 $5,791
License, research and development129
 155
Total OVP revenue$4,795
 $5,946

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations related to ASC 606 represent the aggregate transaction price allocated to performance obligations with an original contract term greater than one year which are fully or partially unsatisfied at the end of the period. Remaining performance obligations include noncancelable purchase orders, the non-lease portion of minimum purchase commitments under long-term supply arrangements, extended warranty, service and other long-term contracts. Remaining performance obligations do not include revenue from contracts with customers with an original term of one year or less, revenue from long-term supply arrangements with no minimum purchase requirements, revenue expected from purchases made in excess of the minimum purchase requirements, or revenue from instruments leased to customers. While the remaining performance obligation disclosure is similar in concept to backlog, the definition of remaining performance obligations excludes leases and contracts that provide the customer with the right to cancel or

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terminate for convenience with no substantial penalty, even if historical experience indicates the likelihood of cancellation or termination is remote. Additionally, the Company has elected to exclude contracts with customers with an original term of one year or less from remaining performance obligations while these contracts are included within backlog.obligations.

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining minimum performance obligations was approximately $81.5$87.2 million. As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company expects to recognize revenue as follows (in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,Revenue
Revenue
2018 (remaining)$5,980
201921,682
2019 (remaining)$18,023
202018,084
21,101
202114,040
17,078
202210,832
13,925
202310,337
Thereafter10,843
6,727
$81,461
$87,191

Contract Balances

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables (contract assets) and deferred revenue, and customer deposits and billings in excess of revenue recognized (contract liabilities) on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, the Company defers certain costs incurred to obtain contracts (contract costs).

Contract Assets

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MostContract Receivables

Certain unbilled receivable balances related to long-term contracts for which we provide a free term to the customer but have recognized revenue are recorded in other current and other non-current assets. We have no further performance obligations related to these receivable balances and the collection of these balances occurs over the term of the Company’s long-term contracts are billedunderlying contract. The balances as product is shipped. However, during the threeof March 31, 2019 were $0.9 million and nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company recognized $1.8$3.4 million for current and non-current assets, respectively, shown net of revenue prior to invoicing, which is included in Accounts Receivable, net, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Invoicing is expected prior torelated unearned interest. The balances as of December 31, 2018.2018 were $0.9 million and $3.3 million for current and non-current assets, respectively, shown net of related unearned interest.

Contract Liabilities

The Company receives cash payments from customers for licensing fees or other arrangements that extend for a specified term. These contract liabilities are classified as either current or long-term in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the timing of when the Company expects to recognize revenue. As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, contract liabilities were $9.9$9.2 million and $12.3$9.6 million, respectively, and are included within the current"Current portion of "Deferred revenue"deferred revenue, and the non-current portion ofother" and "Deferred revenue, net of current portion, and other"portion" in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The decrease in the contract liability balance during the nine monththree-month period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 is $3.4$0.7 million of revenue recognized during the period, offset by $1.0$0.4 million of additional deferred sales in 2018.2019.

Contract Costs

The Company capitalizes certain direct incremental costs incurred to obtain customer contracts, typically sales-related commissions, where the recognition period for the related revenue is greater than one year.

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Contract costs are classified as current or non-current, "Contract acquisition costs"and are included in "Other current assets" and "Other non-current assets" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the timing of when the Company expects to recognize the expense andexpense. Contract costs are generally amortized into earningsselling and marketing expense with a certain percentage recognized immediately based upon placement of the instrument with the remainder recognized on a straight-line basis (which is consistent with the transfer of control for the related goods or services) over the average term of the contract.underlying contracts, approximately 6 years. Management assesses these costs for impairment at least quarterly on a contract by contractportfolio basis and as “triggering” events occur that indicate it is more likely than notmore-likely-than-not that an impairment exists. The balance of contract costs as of September 30,March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 and at the date of adoption was $2.5 million and $2.4$2.5 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the nine monththree-month period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 was $0.7approximately $0.2 million, offset by $0.8approximately $0.3 million of additional contract costs capitalized in 2018. The costs to obtain a contract where the amortization period for the related asset is one year or less are expensed as incurred and recorded within selling and marketing expenses and general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.capitalized.

Contract liabilities are reported on the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets on a contract-by-contract basis whereas contract costs are calculated and reported on a portfolio basis.

3.    ACQUISITIONS AND RELATED PARTY ITEMS
Optomed
On February 22, 2019, Heska acquired 70% of the equity of Optomed, a French-based endoscopy company, in exchange for approximately $0.2 million in cash and the assumption of approximately $1.5 million in debt. As part of the purchase, Heska entered into put options and call options on the remaining 30% minority interest. The written put options can be exercised based on the achievement of certain financial conditions over a specified period of time for a fixed amount. The options are not currently exercisable at the acquisition date or the reporting date. The estimated value of the non-controlling interest is inclusive of the probability

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weighted outcome of the options described herein. The Company is in process of finalizing its purchase price allocation. As part of the purchase agreement, Heska has committed to a purchase from the minority interest holder, within six months from the acquisition date, real estate in the amount of approximately $1.0 million, which is currently under lease by Optomed.
Cuattro Veterinary LLCAcquisitions
OnIn February 2013, the Company acquired a majority interest in Cuattro Veterinary USA, LLC, which was owned by Kevin S. Wilson, among other members. The subsidiary was subsequently renamed Heska Imaging US, LLC ("US Imaging"). The remaining minority position in US Imaging was subject to purchase by Heska under a performance-based put option which was exercised in March 2017. In May 31,2017, we purchased the remaining minority interest position in US Imaging.

In May 2016, the Company closed a transaction (the "Merger") to acquire Cuattro Veterinary, LLC ("Cuattro International"International Imaging"), which was owned by Kevin S. Wilson, among other members (the "Members"). The Company recorded assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values. Intangible assets were valued based on a report from an independent third party. The goodwill associated with the acquisition is the result of expected synergies and expansion of the technology into additional markets.
Cuattromembers. International Imaging is a provider to international markets of digital radiography technologies for veterinarians. As a leading provider of advanced veterinary diagnostic and specialty products, we made the acquisition in an effort to combine Cuattro International's internationalInternational Imaging's global reach with our domestic success in the imaging and laboratory markets in the United States.

In June 2017, the Company consolidated its assets and liabilities in the US Imaging and International markets represent a significant portion of worldwide veterinary revenues.
AsImaging companies into Heska Imaging, LLC ("Heska Imaging"). Cuattro, LLC ("Cuattro") is owned by Kevin S. Wilson, the CEO and President of the closing date of the Merger, Cuattro International was renamed Heska Imaging International, LLC, ("International Imaging") and the Company's interestCompany in both International Imaging and Heska Imaging US, LLC ("US Imaging") was transferredaddition to the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, Heska Imaging Global, LLC ("Global Imaging").
Mr. Wilson is a founder of Cuattro International, Cuattro, LLC, Cuattro Software, LLC and Cuattro Medical, LLC. Mr. Wilson, Mrs. Wilson and trusts for the benefit of Mr. and Mrs. Wilson’sWilson's children and family own a 100% interest in Cuattro, LLCfamily. Steven M. Asakowicz and a majority interest in Cuattro Medical, LLC. Cuattro, LLC owns a 100% interest in Cuattro Software, LLC and prior to the Merger, owned a majority interest in Cuattro International.
Cuattro Veterinary USA, LLC
On February 24, 2013, the Company acquired a 54.6% interest inRodney A. Lippincott, members of Cuattro Veterinary USA, LLC (the "Acquisition"), which was subsequently renamed Heska Imaging US, LLC ("US Imaging"). The remaining minority position (45.4%) in US Imaging was subject to purchase by Heska under performance-based puts and calls followingCuattro International prior the audit of our financial statementsacquisitions, each serve as Executive Vice President, Companion Animal Health Sales for the 2016Company.
Purchase Agreement for Certain Assets
On December 21, 2018, the Company closed a transaction (the "Asset Acquisition") to acquire certain assets from Cuattro, all related to the CCA segment. Pursuant to the Asset Acquisition, dated November 26, 2018, the Company issued 54,763 shares of the Company's common stock, $0.01 par value per share (the "Common Stock"), to Cuattro on the Closing Date, at an aggregate value equal to approximately $5.4 million based on the adjusted closing price per share of the Common Stock as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market on the Asset Acquisition agreement date. These shares were issued to Cuattro in a private placement in reliance upon an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) thereof and 2017 fiscal years. With the required performance criteria metsafe harbor provided by Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated thereunder. In addition to the Common Stock, the Company paid cash in fiscal year 2016, we considered notice giventhe amount of $2.8 million to Cuattro as part of the transaction. The total purchase price was determined based on March 3, 2017a valuation report from an independent third party. Part of the Asset Acquisition was an agreement to terminate the supply and license agreement that Heska had been operating under since the put optionacquisition of Cuattro Veterinary USA, LLC.
The Company evaluated the acquisition of the purchased assets under ASC 805, Business Combinations and ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) and concluded that as substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in an identifiable group of similar assets, the transaction did not meet the requirements to be accounted for as a business combination and therefore was being exercisedaccounted for as an asset acquisition. Accordingly, the purchase price of the purchased assets was allocated entirely to an identifiable intangible asset. In addition to the software assets acquired, Cuattro is obligated, without further compensation, to assist the Company with the implementation of third-party image hosting platform and on May 31, 2017, we delivered $13.8 million in cash to obtain the remaining minority interest position in US Imaging.necessary data migration.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


Prior to the purchase of the minority interest position (the "Imaging Minority"), Shawna M. Wilson, Clint Roth, DVM, Steven M. Asakowicz, Rodney A. Lippincott, Kevin S. Wilson and Cuattro, LLC owned approximately 29.75%, 8.39%, 4.09%, 3.07%, 0.05% and 0.05% of US Imaging, respectively. Kevin S. Wilson is the Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company and the spouse of Shawna M. Wilson. Steven M. Asakowicz and Rodney A Lippincott each serve as Executive Vice President, Companion Animal Health Sales for the Company. On April 3, 2017, and in accordance with the terms of its Operating Agreement, US Imaging distributed $2.1 million based on past operating performance, including $1.0 million to its minority interest members. As of December 31, 2017, US Imaging accrued an additional $0.3 million distribution, including $0.1 million to its minority interest members, all of which was paid in January 2018.
On June 1, 2017, the Company consolidated its assets and liabilities in the US Imaging and International Imaging companies into Global Imaging, which was re-named Heska Imaging, LLC ("Heska Imaging").
Other Related Party Activities
Cuattro LLC charged Heska Imaging $3.1 million$6.0 thousand and $13.9$1.7 million during the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively,respectively. The charge in 2019 relates to minor inventory purchases as the Company transitions the digital imaging software assets away from Cuattro. The charge in 2018 was primarily for digital imaging products, pursuant to an underlying supply contract that contains minimum purchase obligations, software and services as well as other operating expenses. The Company charged US Imaging $2.9 million during the five months ended May 31, 2017, prior to the purchase of the Imaging Minority on May 31, 2017, primarily related to sales expenses. The Company charged Cuattro, LLC approximately $2 thousand and $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, and 2017, respectively, for facility usage and other services.which was terminated in December 2018.

The Company had no receivables from or payables to Cuattro LLC of approximately $0 and $1 thousand as of September 30, 2018 and DecemberMarch 31, 2017, respectively, which is included in "Due from – related parties" on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.2019. Heska Imaging owed Cuattro LLC $0.3 million and $1.7$0.2 million as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively,2018, which is includedreported in "Due to – related parties" on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.


HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS- (Continued)


4.    INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATES
The carrying values of investments in unconsolidated affiliates, categorized by type of investment, is as follows (in thousands):
September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Equity method investment$5,071
$4,819
 $5,000
Non-marketable equity security investment3,018
3,018
 3,018
$8,089
$7,837
 $8,018
Equity Method Investment
On September 24, 2018, we invested $5.0$5.1 million, including costs, in exchange for a 28.7% interest of a business as part of our product development strategy .strategy. The Company accounts for itsthis investment using the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the carrying value of the investment is adjusted for the Company's proportionate share of the investee's reported earnings or losses with the corresponding share of earnings or losses reported as Equity in EarningsLosses of Unconsolidated Affiliates, listed below Net (loss) income before equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates within the consolidated statement of operations. The Company intends to account for this equity method investment on the same basis as its financial reporting cycle. The investment was completed with only six days left in the reporting period, and thus the results from the investment were deemed to be not material to the three months ended September 30, 2018. Equity earnings from this investment is expected to be reported as a separate line in theCondensed Consolidated Statements of Income in future reporting periods.
Income. Additionally, the Company also entered into a 15-year Manufacturing Supply Agreement, which grants the Company global exclusivity to specified products.
Non-Marketable Equity Security Investment

On August 8, 2018, the Company invested $3.0 million, including costs, in MBio Diagnostics, Inc. ("MBio"), in exchange for preferred stock, representing a 6.9% interest in MBio. The Company’s investment in MBio is a non-marketable equity security, recorded using the measurement alternative of cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from qualifying observable price changes.

As part of the agreement, the Company entered into a Supply and License Agreement with MBio, which provides that MBio produce and commercialize products that will enhance the Company's diagnostic portfolio. As part of this agreement, the Company made an upfront payment to MBio of $1.0 million related to a worldwide exclusive license agreement over a 20-year period, recorded in both short and long-term other assets. In addition, the agreement provides for an additional contingent payment from Heska to MBio of $10.0 million, relating to the successful achievement of sales milestones. This potential future milestone payment has not yet been accrued as it is not deemed by the Company to be probable at this time.

Both parties in this arrangement are active participants and are exposed to significant risks and rewards dependent on the commercial success of the activities of the collaboration. The parties are actively working on developing and testing the product as well as funding the research and development. Heska classifies the

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS- (Continued)


amounts paid for MBio's research and development work within the CCA segment research and development operating expenses. Expense is recognized ratably when incurred and in accordance with the development plan.
5.    INCOME TAXES

Our total income tax benefit for our (loss) income before income taxes were as follows (in thousands):
  Three Months Ended March 31,
  2019 2018
(Loss) income before income taxes $(59) $1,875
Total income tax benefit (1,010) (280)
There were cash refunds of $0.1 million for income taxes, net of payments, for the three months ended March 31, 2019, and there were $18 thousand in cash payments for income taxes, net of refunds, for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The Company’s tax benefit increased to $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, compared to the tax benefit of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The increase in tax benefits is due to an increase in stock-based compensation excess tax benefits recognized in our income statement. In the first quarter of 2019, the Company recognized $1.1 million in excess tax benefits related to employee share based compensation compared to $0.8 million recognized in the first quarter of 2018.
6.    LEASES

Lessee Accounting

The Company leases buildings, office equipment, and vehicles. The Company’s finance leases were not material as of March 31, 2019 and for the three-month period then ended. ROU assets arising from finance leases are included in Property and equipment, net in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The current portion of the finance lease liabilities are included in Current portion of deferred revenue, and other and the non-current portion of the finance lease liabilities are included in Line of credit and other long term borrowings in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019, operating lease expense was $0.6 million, including immaterial variable lease costs.

Supplemental cash flow information related to the Company's operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was as follows (in thousands):

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities$444
ROU assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations293

The following table presents the weighted average remaining lease term and weighted average discount rate related to the Company's operating leases as of March 31, 2019:

Weighted average remaining lease term4.4 years
Weighted average discount rate4.45%


HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


5.    INCOME TAXES

Our total income tax (benefit) expense andThe following table presents the effective tax rate for our income before income taxes werematurity of the Company's operating lease liabilities as followsof March 31, 2019 (in thousands):
  Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2018 2017 2018 2017
(Loss) income before income taxes $(3,545) $3,784
 $442
 $11,312
Total income tax (benefit) expense (1,875) 701
 (1,941) 787
Effective tax rate (52.9)% 18.5% (439.1)% 7.0%
Remainder of 2019$1,396
20201,611
20211,453
20221,320
20231,766
Total operating lease payments7,546
Less: imputed interest731
Total operating lease liabilities$6,815

Lessor Accounting
 
There were cash paymentsIn our CCA segment, primarily related to our Point of $0 thousand and $30 thousand, respectively, for income taxes, net of refunds, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, and there were $2 thousand and $146 thousand in cash payments for income taxes, net of refunds, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The Company’s effective tax rate decreased to a tax benefit of (52.9)% and (439.1)%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to a tax expense of 18.5% and 7.0%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in rates for both periods was primarily attributable to a decrease in net income and an increase in stock-based compensation excess tax benefits. The decrease in net income for both periods was primarily due to a one-time accrual of settlement and legal expenses for pending litigation (see Note 13). WhileCare laboratory products, the Company believesenters into sales-type leases as part of our subscription agreements. The following table presents the settlement and legal expenses are more likely than not deductible for tax purposes, and has treated itmaturity of the Company's undiscounted lease receivables as such, the Company continues to evaluate its preliminary conclusion.of March 31, 2019 (in thousands):

The Company continues to analyze the different aspects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that was enacted in December 2017. Specifically, we continue to analyze the provisional amounts estimated for the possible impact of the global intangible low-taxed income or GILTI tax, and the possible executive compensation limitations imposed by IRC Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Year Ending December 31, 
Remainder of 2019$2,409
20203,430
20213,364
20222,989
20232,147
Thereafter1,501
 $15,840

6.7.    EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic (loss) earnings per share ("EPS") is computed by dividing net (loss) income attributable to the Company by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. The computation of diluted EPS is similar to the computation of basic EPS except that the numerator is increased to exclude charges that would not have been incurred, and the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding (using the if-converted and treasury stock methods), if securities containing potentially dilutive common shares (stock options and restricted stock units but excluding options to purchase fractional shares resulting from the Company's December 2010 1-for-10 reverse stock split) had been converted to common shares, and if such assumed conversion is dilutive. All common stock equivalent securities were anti-dilutive for the three months ended September 30, 2018, because the Company reported a net loss for that period.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS- (Continued)


The following is a reconciliation of the weighted-average shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands, except per share data):
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Net (loss) income attributable to Heska$(1,670) $3,083
 $2,383
 $11,023
        
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding7,289
 7,139
 7,194
 6,985
Assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and restricted shares
 529
 626 595
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding7,289
 7,668
 7,820
 7,580
        
Basic (loss) earnings per share attributable to Heska$(0.23) $0.43
 $0.33
 $1.58
Diluted (loss) earnings per share attributable to Heska$(0.23) $0.40
 $0.30
 $1.45
The following stock options and restricted shares were excluded from the computation of diluted (loss) earnings per share because they would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Stock options675
 27
 190
 132
7.    GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES

The following summarizes the change in goodwill during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 (in thousands):
Carrying amount, December 31, 2017$26,687
Foreign currency adjustments(5)
Carrying amount, September 30, 2018$26,682

Other intangibles consisted of the following (in thousands):
 September 30, December 31,
 2018 2017
Gross carrying amount$3,309
 $3,309
Accumulated amortization(1,642) (1,351)
Net carrying amount$1,667
 $1,958

Amortization expense relating to other intangibles was as follows (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Amortization expense$97
 $97
 $291
 $291


HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


The following is a reconciliation of the weighted-average shares outstanding used in the calculation of basic and diluted EPS for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands, except per share data):
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Net income attributable to Heska Corporation$814
 $2,155
    
Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding7,459
 7,102
Assumed exercise of dilutive stock options and restricted shares506
 609
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding$7,965
 $7,711
    
Basic earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation$0.11
 $0.30
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Heska Corporation$0.10
 $0.28

The following stock options and restricted shares were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because they would have been anti-dilutive (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Stock options86
 244
8.    GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLES

The following summarizes the change in goodwill during the three months ended March 31, 2019 (in thousands):
Carrying amount, December 31, 2018$26,679
Goodwill attributable to acquisitions (subject to change)643
Foreign currency adjustments(11)
Carrying amount, March 31, 2019$27,311

Other intangibles consisted of the following (in thousands):
 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
 Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Carrying Amount
Developed technology$8,200
 $(205) $7,995
 $8,200
 $
 $8,200
Customer relationships and other3,793
 (1,865) 1,928
 3,303
 (1,739) 1,564
Total intangible assets$11,993
 $(2,070) $9,923
 $11,503
 $(1,739) $9,764

Amortization expense relating to other intangibles was as follows (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Amortization expense$303
 $97

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS- (Continued)



Estimated amortization expense related to intangibles for each of the five years from 20182019 (remaining) through 20222023 and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):
Year Ending December 31,  
2018 (remaining)$97
2019388
2019 (remaining)$968
2020388
1,284
2021384
1,280
2022378
1,262
2023915
Thereafter32
4,214
$1,667
$9,923
8.9.    PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET
Property and equipment, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30, December 31,March 31, December 31,
2018 20172019 2018
Land$377
 $377
$377
 $377
Building2,978
 2,868
2,978
 2,978
Machinery and equipment39,683
 38,432
33,591
 33,087
Office furniture and equipment1,767
 1,687
Computer hardware and software4,725
 4,704
Leasehold and building improvements9,947
 8,156
10,086
 9,953
Construction in progress1,179
 3,531
947
 1,274
54,164
 53,364
54,471
 54,060
Less accumulated depreciation(37,880) (36,033)(38,960) (38,079)
Total property and equipment, net$16,284
 $17,331
$15,511
 $15,981
Depreciation expense was $1.0 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively. Depreciation expense was $3.2 million and $3.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The Company has subscription agreements whereby its instruments in inventory may be placed at a customer's location on a rental basis. The cost of these instruments is transferred to machinery and equipment and depreciated, typically over a five-to-seven5 to 7 year period depending on the circumstance under which the instrument is placed with the customer. Our cost of instruments under operating leases as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, was $10.9$11.0 million and $10.8 million, respectively, before accumulated depreciation of $5.9$6.4 million and $5.0 million, respectively, and the net book value was $5.0 million and $5.7$6.1 million, respectively.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


9.10.    INVENTORIES, NET

Inventories, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
 September 30, December 31, March 31, December 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
Raw materials $16,346
 $18,465
 $16,626
 $15,000
Work in process 4,154
 4,296
 3,214
 3,592
Finished goods 8,858
 11,465
 8,869
 8,085
Allowance for excess or obsolete inventory (1,719) (1,630) (1,321) (1,573)
Total inventory, net $27,639
 $32,596
 $27,388
 $25,104

Inventories are measured on a first-in, first-out basis and stated at lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or net realizable value.
10.11.    ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):
September 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
Accrued settlement (see Note 13)$6,750
 $
Accrued purchases1,008
 695
Accrued settlement (see Note 14)$6,750
 $6,750
Accrued payroll and employee benefits758
 1,209
840
 759
Accrued property taxes488
 661
232
 632
Inventory in transit1,281
 327
Other1,514
 1,852
1,544
 1,674
Total accrued liabilities$10,518
 $4,417
$10,647
 $10,142
Other accrued liabilities consists of items that are individually less than 5% of total current liabilities.
11.12.    CAPITAL STOCK
Stock Option Plans
The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for options granted in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and 2017.2018.
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended March 31,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Risk-free interest rate2.80% 1.83% 2.66% 1.75%2.45% 2.64%
Expected lives4.9 years 4.9 years 4.9 years 4.9 years4.7 years 4.9 years
Expected volatility40% 39% 40% 41%39% 40%
Expected dividend yield0% 0% 0% 0%0% 0%

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


A summary of our stock option plans is as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30, 
Year Ended
December 31,
Three Months Ended March 31, Year Ended December 31,
2018 20172019 2018
 
 
 
Options
 Weighted Average Exercise Price  
 
 
Options
 Weighted Average Exercise Price 
 
 
Options
 Weighted Average Exercise Price  
 
 
Options
 Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding at beginning of period630,847
 $29.312
 829,617
 $23.203
620,553
 $40.741
 630,847
 $29.312
Granted at market152,200
 $75.010
 27,050
 $99.087
1,200
 $98.970
 153,700
 $75.244
Canceled(19,708) $53.109
 (18,331) $57.197
Forfeited
 $
 (18,978) $53.010
Expired
 $
 (896) $25.740
Exercised(98,594) $30.639
 (207,489) $11.520
(122,895) $17.013
 (144,120) $65.414
Outstanding at end of period664,745
 $38.873
 630,847
 $29.312
498,858
 $46.727
 620,553
 $40.741
Exercisable at end of period414,018
 $19.378
 456,802
 $18.316
319,523
 $31.026
 386,176
 $21.214
The total estimated fair value of stock options granted during the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 was computed to be approximately $4.4 million$43 thousand and $1.0$3.5 million, respectively. The amounts are amortized ratably over the vesting periods of the options. The weighted average estimated fair value of options granted during the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 was computed to be approximately $28.74$36.18 and $37.41,$26.69, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 was $6.6$9.9 million and $16.5 million,$406 thousand, respectively. The cash proceeds from options exercised during the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $84 thousand and 2017 was $3.0 million and $1.8 million,$121 thousand, respectively.
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at September 30, 2018:March 31, 2019:
  Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
Exercise Prices Number of
Options
Outstanding
at
September 30,
2018
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life in Years
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 Number of
Options
Exercisable
at
September 30,
2018
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$  4.40 - $  6.90 92,535
 1.89 $5.378
 92,535
 $5.378
$  6.91 - $  8.55 148,004
 4.85 $7.764
 148,004
 $7.764
$  8.56 - $ 39.56 112,428
 6.33 $23.164
 105,533
 $23.242
$ 39.57 - $ 69.77 194,733
 8.70 $59.852
 37,735
 $39.898
$ 69.78 - $ 108.25 117,045
 8.62 $84.874
 30,211
 $80.036
$  4.40 - $ 108.25 664,745
 6.48 $38.873
 414,018
 $19.378
  Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
Exercise Prices Number of
Options
Outstanding
at
March 31, 2019
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life in Years
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 Number of
Options
Exercisable
at
March 31, 2019
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
$ 4.50 - $ 7.36 101,502
 3.65 $6.807
 101,502
 $6.807
$ 7.37 - $ 32.21 94,485
 5.05 $15.917
 93,758
 $15.793
$ 32.22 - $ 62.50 61,104
 6.84 $39.783
 44,672
 $39.693
$ 62.51 - $ 69.77 130,000
 8.93 $69.770
 43,337
 $69.770
$ 69.78 - $ 108.25 111,767
 8.20 $86.020
 36,254
 $81.236
$ 4.50 - $ 108.25 498,858
 6.70 $46.727
 319,523
 $31.026
As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, there was approximately $5.9$4.7 million in total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.791.62 years, with all cost to be recognized by the end of July 2022,February 2023, assuming all options vest according to the vesting schedules in place at September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options was approximately $49.5$20.0 million and the aggregate intrinsic value of exercisable options was approximately $38.9$17.4 million.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


The Company issues new shares upon share option exercise, which may be netted or withheld to meet strike price or related tax obligations.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP")

For the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, we issued 1,9422,583 and 2,515 shares under the ESPP, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, we issued 7,396 and 8,0583,127 shares under the ESPP, respectively.
For the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, we estimated the fair values of stock purchase rights granted under the ESPP using the Black-Scholes pricing model. The weighted average assumptions used for the periods presented were as follows:
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended March 31,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Risk-free interest rate2.04% 0.76% 1.39% 0.70%2.35% 1.03%
Expected lives1.1 years 1.2 years 1.2 years 1.2 years1.1 years 1.2 years
Expected volatility42% 45% 43% 45%40% 44%
Expected dividend yield0% 0% 0% 0%0% 0%
For the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, the weighted-average fair value of the purchase rights granted was $23.44$18.97 and $16.49 per share, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the weighted-average fair value of the purchase rights granted was $17.85 and $15.90$14.28 per share, respectively.
Restricted Stock Issuance
On March 26, 2014, we issued 110,000 sharesWe have granted non-vested restricted stock awards (“restricted stock”) to Mr. Wilsonmanagement and non-employee directors pursuant to an employment agreementthe 1997 Plan. The restricted stock awards have varying vesting periods, but generally become fully vested between Mr. Wilsonone and four years after the Company effective asgrant date, depending on the specific award, performance targets met for performance-based awards granted to management, and vesting periods for time based awards. Management performance-based awards are granted at the target amount of March 26, 2014 (the "Wilson Employment Agreement"). The shares were issued in four equal tranches and subject to time-based vesting and other provisions outlined inthat may be earned. We valued the Wilson Employment Agreement. On March 26, 2017, the final of these four equal tranches of 27,500 shares vested.
On March 17, 2015, the Company issued 52,956 unvested shares to certain Executive Officersrestricted stock awards related to performance-basedservice and/or company performance targets based on grant date fair value and expense over the period when achievement of those conditions is deemed probable. For restricted stock grants (the "Performance Grants"). The Performance Grants have metawards related to market conditions, we utilize a Monte Carlo simulation model to estimate grant date fair value and expense over the underlying performance condition based on the Company's 2015 financial performance and vested on March 17, 2018, subject to other vesting provisions in the underlyingrequisite period. We recognize forfeitures as they occur. There were no modifications that affected our accounting for restricted stock grant agreement. Of the shares issued, 52,956 vested, 0 were forfeited, and 14,334 were withheld for tax.
On March 2, 2016, the Company issued 15,000 unvested shares to certain Executive Officers related to performance-based restricted stock grants as part of the Company’s 2016 Management Incentive Plan (the "2016 MIP Grants"). Of the shares issued, 14,629 vested, 371 were forfeited, and 4,133 were withheld for tax. The 2016 MIP Grants vested duringawards in the three months ended March 31, 2017.2019 or 2018.
On May 1, 2017, the Company issued 2,720 unvested shares to the Company's non-employee directors. These grants were to vest (the "Vesting Time") in full on the latter of (i) the one year anniversary of the date of grant and (ii) the Company’s Annual Meeting of StockholdersThe following table summarizes restricted stock transactions for the year following the yearthree months ended March 31, 2019:
 RSAs Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Award
Non-vested as of December 31, 2018259,430
 $74.26
     Granted117
 77.52
     Vested
 
     Forfeited
 
Non-vested as of March 31, 2019259,547
 $74.26

The weighted average grant date fair value of grantawards granted was $77.52 and $62.73 for the award (the "Vesting Meeting"), subject to (i) the non-employee director's continued service to the Company through the Vesting Time, unless the non-employee director’s current term expires at the Vesting Meeting in which case vesting is subject to the non-employee director’s service to the Vesting Meetingthree months ended March 31, 2019 and (ii) the non-employee director not engaging in “competition”, as defined in a2018, respectively. Fair value of restricted stock grant agreement executed byvested was $0.0 and $4.2 million for the non-employee director, to the Vesting Time. Of these shares, all vested on May 3, 2018.three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


On May 31, 2017, the Company issued 23,700 unvested performance-based restricted shares to certain key employees. The vesting of these shares is subject to the achievement of certain Company performance and market conditions that must be met on or before May 30, 2024.
On June 15, 2017, the Company issued 6,594 unvested restricted shares to certain Executive Officers related to performance-based restricted stock grants as part of the Company’s 2017 Management Incentive Plan. As of December 31, 2017, all shares were forfeited and no compensation expense was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2017.

On March 7, 2018, the Company issued 128,500 unvested shares of performance-based restricted common stock and stock options with 130,000 underlying shares of common stock under the 1997 Plan, including 118,500 shares of performance-based restricted common stock and stock options with 120,000 underlying shares of common stock granted to Company Executive Officers. The vesting of the performance-based restricted shares is subject to the achievement of certain Company performance and market conditions and, in some instances, a service period requirement. The shares are to be forfeited if the applicable performance or market condition is not met by the date in each fiscal year that the Company's independent registered public accountants issue their financial report on the Company's prior fiscal year financial statements in 2025 or March 31, 2025, respectively, with the exception of 27,539 shares of restricted common stock with vesting tied to the Company's stock outperforming the S&P 500 Index over a two or four year time period, which will be forfeited if not achieved at the specified time. The stock options are to vest annually in three approximately equal tranches and immediately upon a change in control. 

On May 3, 2018, the Company issued 4,230 unvested shares to the Company's non-employee directors. These grants were to vest (the "Vesting Time") in full on the latter of (i) the one year anniversary of the date of grant or (ii) the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders for the year following the year of grant for the award (the "Vesting Meeting"), subject to (a) the non-employee director's continued service to the Company through the Vesting Time, unless the non-employee director’s current term expires at the Vesting Meeting, in which case vesting is subject to the non-employee director’s service to the Vesting Meeting, and (b) the non-employee director not engaging in “competition”, as defined in a restricted stock grant agreement executed by the non-employee director, until the Vesting Time. 

On May 3, 2018, the Company issued 33,000 unvested shares of performance-based restricted common stock under the 1997 Plan to the Company's Chief Executive Officer, Kevin Wilson, which was contingent on stockholder approval to approve an increase of 250,000 common shares available for awards under the 1997 Stock Incentive Plan, which was approved consistent with the grant date. The vesting of the performance-based restricted shares is subject to the achievement of certain Company performance conditions and a service period requirement. The shares are to be forfeited if the applicable performance or market condition is not met by the date in each fiscal year that the Company's independent registered public accountants issue their financial report on the Company's prior fiscal year financial statements in 2025 or March 31, 2025.

On July 25, 2018, the Company issued 25,000 unvested shares of performance-based restricted common stock and stock options with 20,000 underlying shares of common stock under the 1997 Plan to one of the Company's Executive Officers. The vesting of the performance-based restricted shares is subject to the achievement of certain Company performance and market conditions and, in some instances, a service period requirement. The shares are to be forfeited if the applicable performance or market condition is not met by the date in each fiscal year that the Company's independent registered public accountants issue their financial report on the Company's prior fiscal year financial statements in 2025 or March 31, 2025, respectively, with the exception of 3,334 shares of restricted common stock with vesting tied to the Company's stock outperforming the S&P 500 Index over a two or four year time period, which will be forfeited if not achieved

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS- (Continued)


at the specified time. The stock options are to vest annually in three approximately equal tranches and immediately upon a change in control. 

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, there was approximately $3.7$2.5 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock with probable achievement of performancemarket and markettime vesting conditions. The Company expects to recognize this expense over a weighted average period of 1.81.4 years. As of March 31, 2019, we reviewed each of the underlying corporate performance targets and determined that approximately 167,000 of shares of common stock were related to company performance targets in which we did not deem achievement probable. No compensation expense had been recorded at any period prior to March 31, 2019.
Restrictions on the transfer of Company stock

The Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (the "Certificate of Incorporation"), places restrictions (the "Transfer Restrictions") on the transfer of the Company's stock that could adversely affect the Company's ability to utilize its domestic federal net operating loss position.Federal Net Operating Loss Position. In particular, the Transfer Restrictions prevent the transfer of shares without the approval of the Company's Board of Directors if, as a consequence of such transfer, an individual, entity or groups of individuals or entities would become a 5-percent holder under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the related Treasury regulations, and also prevents any existing 5-percent holder from increasing his or her ownership position in the Company without the approval of the Company's Board of Directors. Any transfer of shares in violation of the Transfer Restrictions (a "Transfer Violation") shall be void ab initio under the Certificate of Incorporation, and the Company's Board of Directors has procedures under the Certificate of Incorporation to remedy a Transfer Violation including requiring the shares causing such Transfer Violation to be sold and any profit resulting from such sale to be transferred to a charitable entity chosen by the Company's Board of Directors in specified circumstances.
12.13.    ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) consisted of the following (in thousands):
 Minimum Pension Liability Foreign Currency Translation Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balances at December 31, 2017$(489) $721
 $232
Current period other comprehensive loss
 (16) (16)
Balances at September 30, 2018$(489) $705
 $216
 Minimum Pension Liability Foreign Currency Translation Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balances at December 31, 2018$(419) $696
 $277
Current period other comprehensive loss
 (62) (62)
Balances at March 31, 2019$(419) $634
 $215
13.14.    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Royalty Agreements
The Company holds certain rights to market and manufacture products developed or created under certain research, development, and licensing agreements with various entities. In connection with such agreements, the Company has agreed to pay the entities royalties on net product sales. In each of the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, royalties of $0.1 million became payable under these agreements. In each of the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, royalties of $0.3 million became payable under these agreements.
Warranties

The Company's current terms and conditions of sale include a limited warranty that its products and services will conform to published specifications at the time of shipment and a more extensive warranty related to certain of its products. The Company also sells a renewal warranty for certain of its products. The typical

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


certain of its products. The Company also sells a renewal warranty for certain of its products. The typical remedy for breach of warranty is to correct or replace any defective product, and if not possible or practical, the Company will accept the return of the defective product and refund the amount paid. Historically, the Company has incurred minimal warranty costs. The Company's warranty reserve was $0.2 million at both September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017.2018.

Litigation
From time to time, the Company may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations. The Company records accruals for outstanding legal matters when it believes it is probable that a loss will be incurred, and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

As previously disclosed in the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 16, 2018, which is incorporated herein by reference, onOn October 10, 2018, following mediation before the Hon. James Holderman (ret.) of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (the "Court"), the Company entered intowe reached an agreement in principle to settle the complaint that was filed against it in the Court as a putative class actionCompany by Shaun Fauley on March 12, 2015 by Shaun Fauleyin the U.S. District Court Northern District of Illinois alleging the Company'sour transmittal of unauthorized faxes in violation of the federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991, as amended by the Junk Fax Prevention Act of 2005, as a class action (the “TCPA”"Fauley Complaint"). The settlement, remains subjectwhich received the Court's approval on February 28, 2019 and was not subsequently appealed by a class member, required us to the execution of a written settlement agreement among the parties and the approval of such settlement by the Court. If approved, the Company would receive a full release from the settlement class, other than from those class members who timely elect to opt out of the settlement, concerning the claims asserted, or that could have been asserted, with respect to the conduct alleged in the complaint, and would make available a total of $6.75 million to pay class members, an incentive paymentas well as to the class representative, notice and administration costs in connection with the settlement, andpay attorneys' fees and expenses to legal counsel to the class. The Company has recorded an estimatedthe loss provision of approximately $6.9 million in the third quarter of 2018 in connection with the settlement agreement and expenses associated withdoes not have insurance coverage for the matter, which is includedFauley Complaint. The payment in generalrespect of the settlement was made in full on April 3, 2019, and administrative expenses in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income, and included in accrued liabilities on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The Company has denied and continues to deny the allegations of Shaun Fauley and that it violated the TCPA. Nothing in this report or any settlement agreement shall be deemed to assign or reflect any admission of fault, wrongdoing or liability asall activity related to the Company, or of the appropriateness of a class action in such litigation.Fauley Complaint has ceased.
As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company was not a party to any other legal proceedings that were expected, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, or operating results.

Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

Unconditional Purchase Obligations
The Company has contractual obligations with suppliers for unconditional annual minimum inventory purchases in the amounts of $31.3$12.2 million as of September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019.
15.    INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME, NET
Interest and other income, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Interest income$(92) $(56)
Interest expense77
 65
Other income, net(1) (13)
Total interest and other income, net$(16) $(4)
Cash paid for interest for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $56 thousand and $27 thousand, respectively.

Operating Leases
The Company leases various equipment and facilities. The Company does not currently utilize any other off-balance sheet financing arrangements. As of September 30, 2018, the Company's total future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases were $10.2 million.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


14.    INTEREST AND OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET
Interest and other (income) expense, net, consisted of the following (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Interest income$(66) $(41) $(186) $(122)
Interest expense89
 81
 231
 156
Other (income) expense, net(73) (46) (8) (220)
Total interest and other (income) expense, net$(50) $(6) $37
 $(186)
Cash paid for interest for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $58 thousand and $67 thousand, respectively. Cash paid for interest for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $143 thousand and $125 thousand, respectively.
15.16.    CREDIT FACILITY

On July 27, 2017, and subsequently amended in May and December 2018, we entered into a Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. ("Chase"), which was amended by us on May 11, 2018 (the "Facility Amendment") to allow us the additional flexibility to make permitted investments, subject to agreed upon limitations. The Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility up to $30.0 million (the "Credit Facility"),. The Credit Facility provides us with the ability to borrow up to $30.0 million although the amount of the Credit Facility may be increased by an additional $20.0 million up to a total of $50.0 million subject to receipt of additional lender commitments and other conditions. Any interest on borrowings due is to be charged at either the (i) rate of interest per annum publicly announced from time to time by Chase as its prime rate in effect at its principal offices in New York City, subject to a floor, minus 1.65%, or (ii) the interest rate per annum equal to (a) LIBOR for the interest period in effect multiplied by (b) Chase's Statutory Reserve Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus 1.10% and payable monthly. There is an annual minimum interest charge of $60 thousand under the Credit Agreement. Chase holds first right of priority over all other liens, if any were to exist. Borrowings under the Credit Facility are subject to certain financial and non-financial covenants and are available for various corporate purposes, including general working capital, capital investments, and certain permitted acquisitionsacquisitions. Failure to comply with any of the covenants, representations or warranties could result in our being in default on the loan and investments.could cause all outstanding amounts payable to Chase to become immediately due and payable or impact our ability to borrow under the agreement. The Credit Agreement also permits us to issue letters of credit.credit, although there are currently none outstanding. The maturity date of the Credit Facility is July 27, 2020. The foregoing discussion of the Credit Facility is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Credit Agreement, a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 2, 2017, and the Facility Amendment, a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 8, 2018. 2018, each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, we had a $6.0 million line of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility and we were in compliance with all financial covenants.

HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS- (Continued)

In April 2019, we used this Credit Facility to make a $6.75 million payment to settle all claims associated with the Fauley Complaint that is further discussed in Note 14 of this Form 10-Q.


16.17.    SEGMENT REPORTING
The Company is composed of two reportable segments, CCA and OVP. The CCA segment includes Point of Care diagnostic laboratory instruments and consumables, and Point of Care digital imaging diagnostic instruments and software services as well as single use diagnostic and other tests, pharmaceuticals and vaccines, primarily for canine and feline use. These products are sold directly by the Company as well as through independent third-party distributors and through other distribution relationships. CCA segment products manufactured at the Des Moines, Iowa production facility included in the OVP segment's assets are transferred at cost and are not recorded as revenue for the OVP segment. The OVP segment includes private label vaccine and pharmaceutical production, primarily for cattle, but also for other animals including small mammals. All OVP products are sold by third parties under third-party labels.

Summarized financial information concerning the Company's reportable segments is shown in the following tables (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Core
Companion
Animal Health
 Other Vaccines, Pharmaceuticals and Products  
 
Total
Total revenue $27,190
 $3,765
 $30,955
Operating (loss) income (4,402) 807
 (3,595)
(Loss) income before income taxes (4,352) 807
 (3,545)
Capital expenditures 20
 229
 249
Depreciation and amortization 823
 317
 1,140
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Core
Companion
Animal Health
 Other Vaccines, Pharmaceuticals and Products  
 
Total
Total revenue $25,578
 $4,758
 $30,336
Operating income 3,068
 710
 3,778
Income before income taxes 3,074
 710
 3,784
Capital expenditures 34
 669
 703
Depreciation and amortization 935
 259
 1,194
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Core
Companion
Animal Health
 Other Vaccines, Pharmaceuticals and Products  
 
Total
Total revenue $80,652
 $12,729
 $93,381
Operating Income 384
 95
 479
Income before income taxes 347
 95
 442
Capital expenditures 117
 944
 1,061
Depreciation and amortization 2,568
 905
 3,473


HESKA CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (Continued)


Summarized financial information concerning the Company's reportable segments is shown in the following tables (in thousands):
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Core
Companion
Animal Health
 Other Vaccines, Pharmaceuticals and Products  
 
Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Core
Companion
Animal
 Other Vaccines and Pharmaceuticals  
 
Total
Total revenue $75,453
 $17,847
 $93,300
 $24,716
 $4,795
 $29,511
Operating income 6,763
 4,363
 11,126
Income before income taxes 6,971
 4,341
 11,312
Operating loss (51) (24) (75)
Loss before income taxes (35) (24) (59)
Capital expenditures 119
 1,879
 1,998
 44
 190
 234
Depreciation and amortization 2,837
 749
 3,586
 947
 318
 1,265
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Core
Companion
Animal
 Other Vaccines and Pharmaceuticals  
 
Total
Total revenue $26,819
 $5,946
 $32,765
Operating income (loss) 1,923
 (52) 1,871
Income (loss) before income taxes 1,927
 (52) 1,875
Capital expenditures 57
 318
 375
Depreciation and amortization 908
 288
 1,196

Asset information by reportable segment as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):
 
Core
Companion
Animal Health
 Other Vaccines, Pharmaceuticals and Products Total
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 
Core
Companion
Animal
 Other Vaccines and Pharmaceuticals Total
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates $7,837
 $
 $7,837
Total assets $123,326
 $20,794
 $144,120
 138,076
 24,704
 162,780
Net assets 87,050
 24,551
 111,601
 95,683
 26,256
 121,939

Asset information by reportable segment as of December 31, 20172018 is as follows (in thousands):
 
Core
Companion
Animal Health
 Other Vaccines, Pharmaceuticals and Products Total
Year Ended December 31, 2018 
Core
Companion
Animal
 Other Vaccines and Pharmaceuticals Total
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates $8,018
 $
 $8,018
Total assets $111,968
 $23,819
 $135,787
 133,586
 22,866
 156,452
Net assets 75,984
 24,456
 100,440
 96,129
 26,280
 122,409



Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Part I Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
This discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Rule 175 promulgated thereunder, that involve risks and uncertainties. Such statements, which include statements concerning future revenue sources and concentration, international market expansion, gross profit margins, selling and marketing expenses, remaining minimum performance obligations, research and development expenses, general and administrative expenses, capital resources, additional financings or borrowings and additional losses, are subject to risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those discussed in "Risk Factors" in Item 1A in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected. The Risk Factors and others described in the Company’s periodic and current reports filed with the SEC from time to time are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those projected. Other unknown or unpredictable factors could also harm the Company’s results. The forward-looking statements set forth in this Form 10-Q are as of the close of business on November 6, 2018May 7, 2019 and we undertake no duty and do not intend to update this information, except as required by applicable laws. If we updated one or more forward looking statements, no inference should be drawn that we will make additional updates with respect to those or other forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements set forth above.
Overview
We sell advanced veterinary diagnostic and specialty products. Our offerings include Point of Care diagnostics laboratory instruments and consumables, Point of Care digital imaging diagnostic products, vaccines,products; vaccines; local and cloud-based data services,services; allergy testing and immunotherapy,immunotherapy; and single-use offerings such as in-clinic diagnostic tests and heartworm preventive products. Our core focus is on supporting veterinarians in the canine and feline healthcare space.
Our business is composed of two reportable segments, CCA and OVP. The CCA segment includes, primarily for canine and feline use, Point of Care laboratory instruments and consumables,consumables; digital imaging diagnostic instruments, software and services,services; local and cloud-based data services,services; allergy testing and immunotherapy,immunotherapy; and single use offerings such as in-clinic diagnostic tests and heartworm preventive products. The OVP segment includes private label vaccine and pharmaceutical production, primarily for cattle but also for other species including equine, porcine, avian, feline and canine. OVP products are sold by third parties under third party labels.
The CCA segment represented 88% and 86%approximately 85% of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively. TheMarch 31, 2019, and the OVP segment represented 12% and 14%approximately 15% of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.March 31, 2019.
CCA Segment
Revenue from Point of Care laboratory represented 54%64.6% of CCA revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. Revenue from this area primarily involves placing an instrument under contract in the field and generating future revenue from testing consumables, such as cartridges and reagents, as that instrument is used. The majority of revenue from Point of Care laboratory results from the sales of such testing consumables to an installed base of instruments, followed by instrument sales and other revenue sources such


sources such as service and repairs. Instruments placed under subscription agreements are considered operating or sales-type leases, depending on the duration and other factors of the underlying agreement. A loss of, or disruption in, the procurement of consumables we are selling to an installed base of instruments could substantially harm our business. All of our Point of Care laboratory and other non-imaging instruments and consumables are supplied by third parties, who typically own the product rights and supply the product to us under marketing and/or distribution agreements. In many cases, we have collaborated with a third party to adapt a human instrument for veterinary use. Major products in this area include our instruments for chemistry, hematology, blood gas, coagulation and immunodiagnostic testing and their affiliated operating consumables.
Point of Care Imagingimaging hardware, software and services represented approximately 20%21.9% of CCA revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. Digital radiography is the largest product offering in this area, which also includes ultrasound and endoscopy instruments. Digital radiography solutions typically consist of a combination of hardware and software placed with a customer, often combined with an ongoing service and support contract. We sell our imaging solutions both in the United StatesU.S. and internationally. Our experience has been that most of the revenue is generated at the time of sale in this area, in contrast to the Point of Care diagnostic laboratory placements discussed above where ongoing consumable revenue is often a larger component of economic value as a given instrument is used.
Other CCA revenue, including single use diagnostic and other tests, pharmaceuticals and biologicals as well as research and development, licensing and royalty revenue, represented 26%13.5% of CCA revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. Since items in this area are often single use by their nature, our typical aim is to build customer satisfaction and loyalty for each product, generate repeat annual sales from existing customers and expand our customer base in the future. Products in this area are both supplied by third parties and provided by us. Major products and services in this area include heartworm diagnostic tests and preventives, and allergy test kits, allergy immunotherapy and testing.
We consider the CCA segment to be our core business and devote most of our management time and other resources to improving the prospects for this segment. Maintaining a continuing, reliable and economic supply of products we currently obtain from third parties is critical to our success in this area. Virtually all of our sales and marketing expenses occur in the CCA segment. The majority of our research and development spending is dedicated to this segment as well.
All of our CCA products are ultimately sold primarily to or through veterinarians. In many cases, veterinarians will mark up their costs to their customer. The acceptance of our products by veterinarians is critical to our success. CCA products are sold directly to end users by us as well as through distribution relationships, such as our agreement with Merck Animal Health, the sale of kits to conduct blood testing to third-party veterinary diagnostic laboratories and sales to independent third-party distributors. Revenue from direct sales and distribution relationships represented approximately 51%70% and 49%30%, respectively, of CCA revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2018, and approximately 52% and 48%, respectively, of CCA revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019.
OVP Segment
The OVP segment includes our 168,000approximately 160,000 square foot USDA and FDA licensed production facility in Des Moines, Iowa. We view this facility as an asset which could allow us to control our cost of goods on any pharmaceuticals and vaccines that we may commercialize in the future. We have increased integration of this facility with our operations elsewhere. For example, virtually all our U.S. inventory, excluding our imaging products, is now stored at this facility and related fulfillment logistics are managed there. CCA segment products manufactured at this facility are transferred at cost and are not recorded as revenue for our OVP


segment. We view OVP reported revenue as revenue primarily to cover the overhead costs of the facility and to generate incremental cash flow to fund our CCA segment.


Historically, a significant portion of our OVP segment's revenue has been generated from the sale of certain bovine vaccines, which have been sold primarily under the Titanium® and MasterGuard® brands. We have an agreement with Eli Lilly and Company and its affiliates operating through Elanco Inc. for the production of these vaccines (the "Elanco Agreement"). Our OVP segment also produces vaccines and pharmaceuticals for other third parties.
Results of Operations
Our analysis presented below is organized to provide the information we believe will facilitate an understanding of our historical performance and relevant trends going forward.
The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, certain data derived from our unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Revenue$30,955
 $30,336
 $93,381
 $93,300
Gross profit14,794
 13,553
 41,166
 41,691
Operating expenses18,389
 9,775
 40,687
 30,565
Operating (loss) income(3,595) 3,778
 479
 11,126
Interest and other (income) expense, net(50) (6) 37
 (186)
(Loss) income before income taxes(3,545) 3,784
 442
 11,312
Income tax (benefit) expense(1,875) 701
 (1,941) 787
Net (loss) income(1,670) 3,083
 2,383
 10,525
Net loss attributable to non-controlling interest
 
 
 (498)
Net (loss) income attributable to Heska$(1,670) $3,083
 $2,383
 $11,023
 Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Revenue$29,511
 $32,765
Gross profit12,543
 13,307
Operating expenses12,618
 11,436
Operating (loss) income(75) 1,871
Interest and other income, net(16) (4)
(Loss) income before income taxes and equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates(59) 1,875
Income tax benefit(1,010) (280)
Net income before equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates951
 2,155
Equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates(181) 
Net income after equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates770
 2,155
Net loss attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest(44) 
Net income attributable to Heska Corporation$814
 $2,155

CCA Segment
Three Months Ended September 30, ChangeThree Months Ended March 31, Change
2018 2017 
Dollar
 Change
 
%
 Change
2019 2018 
Dollar
 Change
 
%
 Change
Point of Care Laboratory:$14,584
 $13,805
 $779
 6 %
Point of Care laboratory:$15,961
 $13,641
 $2,320
 17.0 %
Consumables11,598
 9,773
 1,825
 19 %12,317
 10,821
 1,496
 13.8 %
Instruments2,610
 3,456
 (846) (24)%3,270
 2,349
 921
 39.2 %
Other376
 576
 (200) (35)%374
 471
 (97) (20.6)%
Point of Care Imaging5,326
 4,285
 1,041
 24 %
Other CCA Revenue7,280
 7,488
 (208) (3)%
Total CCA Revenue$27,190
 $25,578
 $1,612
 6 %
Point of Care imaging5,410
 5,972
 (562) (9.4)%
Other CCA revenue3,345
 7,206
 (3,861) (53.6)%
Total CCA revenue$24,716
 $26,819
 $(2,103) (7.8)%
Percent of total revenue87.8% 84.3%    83.8% 81.9%    
Cost of revenue13,758
 13,295
 463
 3 %12,622
 14,069
 (1,447) (10.3)%
Gross profit13,432
 12,283
 1,149
 9 %12,094
 12,750
 (656) (5.1)%
Operating (loss) income$(4,402) $3,068
 $(7,470) (243)%$(51) $1,923
 $(1,974) (102.7)%


 Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
 2018 2017 Dollar
Change
 %
Change
Point of Care Laboratory:$43,277
 $40,735
 $2,542
 6 %
      Consumables33,942
 28,933
 5,009
 17 %
      Instruments8,087
 10,250
 (2,163) (21)%
      Other1,248
 1,552
 (304) (20)%
Point of Care Imaging15,759
 13,643
 2,116
 16 %
Other CCA Revenue21,616
 21,075
 541
 3 %
Total CCA Revenue$80,652
 $75,453
 $5,199
 7 %
Percent of total revenue86.4% 80.9%    
Cost of revenue41,294
 39,702
 1,592
 4 %
Gross profit39,358
 35,751
 3,607
 10 %
Operating (loss) income$384
 $6,763
 $(6,379) (94)%

OVP Segment
 Three Months Ended September 30, Change
 2018 2017 
Dollar
 Change
 
%
 Change
Revenue$3,765
 $4,758
 $(993) (21)%
Percent of total revenue12.2% 15.7%    
Cost of revenue2,402
 3,488
 (1,086) (31)%
Gross profit1,363
 1,270
 93
 7 %
Operating income$807
 $710
 $97
 14 %

Nine Months Ended September 30, ChangeThree Months Ended March 31, Change
2018 2017 Dollar
Change
 %
Change
2019 2018 
Dollar
 Change
 
%
 Change
Revenue$12,729
 $17,847
 $(5,118) (29)%$4,795
 $5,946
 $(1,151) (19.4)%
Percent of total revenue13.6% 19.1%    16.2% 18.1%    
Cost of revenue10,921
 11,907
 (986) (8)%4,346
 5,389
 (1,043) (19.4)%
Gross profit1,808
 5,940
 (4,132) (70)%449
 557
 (108) (19.4)%
Operating income$95
 $4,363
 $(4,268) (98)%
Operating loss$(24) $(52) $28
 (53.8)%
Revenue
Total revenue increased 2%decreased 9.9% to $31.0$29.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $30.3$32.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017. Total revenue remained relatively flat at $93.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $93.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
CCA segment revenue increased 6%decreased 7.8% to $27.2$24.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $25.6$26.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The increase$2.1 million decrease was primarily driven


by a 19% increase$3.8 million decrease in contract manufactured heartworm preventative, Tri-Heart, revenue fromas a result of reduced customer demand. Additionally, Point of Care imaging contributed less revenue in the current quarter of $0.6 million. Offsetting these decreases were strong Point of Care laboratory consumables as well as a 24% increase in revenue from Pointincreases of Care imaging products due to increased sales of digital radiography systems. This was partially offset by a 24% decrease in revenue from Point of Care laboratory instruments due to lower sales-type lease instrument revenue$1.5 million and lower infusion pump sales. CCA segment revenue increased 7% to $80.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $75.5 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase was primarily driven by a 17% increase in revenue from Point of Care laboratory consumables, as well as a 16% increase in revenue from Point of Care imaging products due to increased sales of digital radiography systems as well as an increase in international sales. This was partially offsetinstrument and other revenue of approximately $0.4 million, mostly driven by a 21% decrease in revenue resulting from Point of Care laboratory instruments due to lower sales-type lease instrument revenue andplacements. Also offsetting the decreases was higher levels of non-core, lower margin infusion pump sales.sales of approximately $0.4 million in current period as compared to the prior year period.
OVP segment revenue decreased 21% to $3.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018, compared19.4% to $4.8 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017. OVP segment revenue decreased 29% to $12.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $17.8$5.9 million in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The decrease in both periods is due to decreased volume of sales under our Elanco Agreement as well as other customer contracts.
Gross Profit
Gross profit increased 9%decreased 5.7% to $14.8$12.5 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $13.6$13.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Gross margin increased to 47.8%42.5% in the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to 44.7%40.6% in the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The increasedecrease in both gross profit and gross margin percentage was mainly driven by a 6% increaseour lower Tri-Heart sales while the improvement in revenue from our higher margin CCA segment, as well as contractual take or pay arrangements within our OVP segment. Gross profit decreased 1% to $41.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $41.7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Gross margin decreased to 44.1% in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to 44.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in both gross profit and gross margin percentage was driven primarily by unfavorable product mixrelated to favorable margins in Point of Care laboratory and plant utilization charges in our OVP segment.imaging products.
Operating Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses increased 7%14.5% to $6.2$7.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $5.8$6.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017. Selling and marketing expenses increased 2% to $18.3 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $17.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The increase in both periods was primarily driven by an increase in compensation, including stock-based compensation, benefits, and commissions expense, which is mostly related to our commercial team expansion. The increase is in line with management expectations as we continue to invest in the future growth of the Company.
Research and development expenses increased 56%103.9% to $0.9$1.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $0.6$0.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017. Research and development expenses increased 37% to $2.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to $1.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The increase in both periods was primarily driven by spending on product development for imaging solutions, urine sedimentation and immunotherapy diagnostic fecal diagnostics and enhanced immunodiagnostic


offerings. As we invest in future growth of the Company, the increased research and development expenses are consistent with managements spending initiatives.
General and administrative expenses increased 235%decreased 8.8% to $11.24.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $3.4$4.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The increasedecrease was driven primarily by $0.2 million lower compensation cost as a $6.8result of prior year severance activities that were completed. Additionally, the period ended March 31, 2019 included $0.2 million settlement accrual, a $0.4 million increase in stock-based compensation, a $0.3 million increase in incentive compensation, and a $0.3 million increase in legal fees. General and administrative expenses increased 83% to $20.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2018,less of corporate expenses.


compared to $11.1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase was driven by a $6.8 million settlement accrual, a $1.0 million increase in stock-based compensation, a $0.4 million increase in compensation and benefits, a $0.4 million increase in legal fees, and a $0.3 million increase in consulting fees.
Interest and Other Expense (Income), net
Interest and other expense (income), net, was $(50)$(16) thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to $(6)$(4) thousand in the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. This increase in other income was driven primarily by an increase in other gains, and an increase in interest income, partially offset by an increase in net foreign currency losses. Interest and other expense (income), net, was $37 thousand in the nine months ended September 30, 2018, comparedexchange losses related to $(186) thousand in the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in other income was primarily driven by an increase in net foreign currency losses, and an increase in interest expense, partially offset by an increase in interest income.our international expansion.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
In the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, we had a total income tax benefit of $1.9$1.0 million, including $1,902 thousand$1.1 million of domestic deferred income tax benefit and $27$45 thousand current income tax expense. In the three months ended September 30, 2017, we had a total income tax expense of $0.7 million, including $0.7 million of domestic deferred income tax expense and $8 thousand of current income tax expense. In the nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2018, we had a total income tax benefit of $1,941 thousand,$0.3 million, including $1,997 thousand$0.3 million of domestic deferred income tax benefit and $56 thousand current income tax expense. In the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we had a total income tax expense of $787 thousand, including $762 thousand of domestic deferred income tax expense and $25$17 thousand of current income tax expense. The decreaseincrease in rates for both periods wastax benefits is primarily attributabledue to a decrease in net income and an increase in stock-based compensation excess tax benefits. The decreasebenefits recognized in netour income for both periods was primarily due to a one-time accrual of settlement and legal expenses for pending litigation (see Note 13). Whilestatement. In the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company believesrecognized $1.1 million in excess tax benefits compared to $0.8 million recognized in the settlement and legal expenses are more likely than not deductible for tax purposes, the Company continues to evaluate its preliminary conclusion.three months ended March 31, 2018.
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Heska Corporation
Net lossincome attributable to Heska was $1.7$0.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to net income attributable to Heska of $3.1$2.2 million in the prior year period. Net income attributable to Heska was $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to net income attributable to Heska of $11.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The difference between this line item and "Net (loss) income"income after equity in losses of unconsolidated affiliates" is the net income or loss attributable to our minority interest in US Imaging,our French subsidiary, which we purchased on May 31, 2017. As a result of the purchase, there was no difference between these line items for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, or forin February 2019. Net income is lower in the three months ended September 30, 2017. Net loss attributableMarch 31, 2019 as compared to the non-controlling interest was $498 thousand in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018 due to lower revenues and increased operating expenses as a result of our future growth initiatives.
Impact of Inflation
In recent years, inflation has not had a significant impact on our operations.


Non-GAAP Financial Information
The following table provides a summary of our operating results after adjustment for a one-time accounting charge associated with the pending settlement arrangement entered into with Shaun Fauley described elsewhere herein. These adjusted operating results are non-GAAP financial measures that have been included for the reasons discussed immediately after the table. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures is also provided below after the table.
 
Three Months
Ended September 30, 2018
 
Nine Months
 Ended September 30, 2018
 ($ in thousands, except per share data)
Adjusted operating expenses$11,338
 $33,512
    
Adjusted operating income3,456
 7,654
Interest and other (income) expense, net(50) 37
Adjusted income before income taxes3,506
 7,617
Adjusted total income tax expense125
 96
Adjusted net income3,381
 7,521
    
Adjusted earnings per share   
Basic$0.46
 $1.05
Diluted$0.43
 $0.96
    
Shares used in the calculation of adjusted earnings per share:   
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute adjusted basic earnings per share7,289
 7,194
Weighted average outstanding shares used to compute adjusted diluted earnings per share7,916
 7,820
A Non-GAAP financial measure includes a numerical measure of a company's financial performance, financial position or cash flows that excludes amounts,or is subject to adjustments that have the effect of excluding amounts, that are included in the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the statement of income, balance sheet or statement of cash flows (or equivalent statements) of the company. The non-GAAP financial measures included in the table above exclude the impact of the following one-time items. We exclude these one-time items and the related tax effects as management monitors litigation judgments, settlements and distinct extraordinary items separately from ongoing operations and evaluates ongoing performance without these amounts.
During the three months ended September 30, 2018, we recorded a one-time settlement charge of $6.75 million and approximately $0.1 million in related legal fees in general and administrative expenses, relating to the pending settlement of the Shaun Fauley complaint filed on March 12, 2015. See Item 1, Note 13 (Commitments and Contingencies) to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion of the settlement.
Other one-time costs were approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018.


Our management believes that the non-GAAP financial measures presented facilitate an understanding of our operating performance and provide a more meaningful comparison of our results between periods. Our management uses non-GAAP financial measures to, among other things, evaluate our ongoing operations in relation to historical results and for internal planning and forecasting purposes.
Operating expenses, operating income, income tax expense, net income, and diluted earnings per share, adjusted for one-time items, are non-GAAP financial measures and should not be relied upon as substitutes for measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. The following tables reconcile our adjusted non-GAAP financial measures to our most directly comparable as-reported financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP.
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
 Operating expenses Operating (loss) income Income tax (benefit) expense Net (loss) income Basic earnings (loss) per share Diluted earnings (loss) per share
 ($ in thousands, except per share data)
Reported - GAAP$18,389
 $(3,595) $(1,875) $(1,670) $(0.23) $(0.23)
Litigation Provision and Other One-Time Costs7,051
 7,051
 2,000
 5,051
 0.69
 0.66
Adjusted Non-GAAP$11,338
 $3,456
 $125
 $3,381
 $0.46
 $0.43

 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
 Operating expenses Operating income Income tax (benefit) expense Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share
 ($ in thousands, except per share data)
Reported - GAAP$40,687
 $479
 $(1,941) $2,383
 $0.33
 $0.30
Litigation Provision and Other One-Time Costs7,175
 7,175
 2,037
 5,138
 0.72
 0.66
Adjusted Non-GAAP$33,512
 $7,654
 $96
 $7,521
 $1.05
 $0.96
Liquidity, Capital Resources and Financial Condition
We believe that adequate liquidity and cash generation is important to the execution of our strategic initiatives. Our ability to fund our operations, acquisitions, capital expenditures, and product development efforts may depend on our ability to generate cash from operating activities, which is subject to future operating performance, as well as general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other conditions, some of which may be beyond our control. Our primary sources of liquidity are our available cash, cash generated from current operations and availability under our credit facility noted below.

For the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, we had net income attributable to Heska Corporation of $2.4$0.8 million and net cash provided by operations of $6.5$0.7 million. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, we had $9.2$9.1 million of cash and cash equivalents and working capital of $33.9$37.7 million.


On July 27, 2017, and subsequently amended in May and December of 2018, we entered into a Credit Agreement (the "Credit Agreement") with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. ("Chase"), which was amended by us on May 11, 2018 (the "Facility Amendment") to allow us the additional flexibility to make permitted investments, subject to agreed upon limitations. The Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility up to $30.0 million (the "Credit Facility"),. The Credit Facility provides us with the ability to borrow up to $30.0 million, although the amount of the Credit Facility may be increased by an additional $20.0 million up to a total of $50.0 million subject to receipt of additional lender commitments and other conditions. Any interest on borrowings due is to be charged at either the (i) rate of interest per annum publicly announced from time to time by Chase as its prime rate in effect at its principal offices in New York City, subject to a floor, minus 1.65%, or (ii) the interest rate per annum equal to (a) LIBOR for the interest period in effect multiplied by (b) Chase's Statutory Reserve Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement), plus 1.10% and payable monthly. There is an annual minimum interest charge of $60 thousand under the Credit Agreement. Chase holds first right of priority over all other liens, if any were to exist. Borrowings under the Credit Facility are subject to certain financial and non-financial covenants and are available for various corporate purposes, including general working capital, capital investments, and certain permitted acquisitionsacquisitions. Failure to comply with any of the covenants, representations or warranties could result in our being in default on the loan and investments.could cause all outstanding amounts payable to Chase to become immediately due and payable or impact our ability to borrow under the agreement. The Credit Agreement also permits us to issue letters of credit.credit, although there are currently none outstanding. The maturity date of the Credit Facility is July 27, 2020. The foregoing discussion of the Credit Facility is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Credit Agreement, a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 2, 2017, and the Facility Amendment, a copy of which has been filed as an exhibit to the Company's Current Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 8, 2018, each of which are incorporated herein by reference.
At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, we had a $6.0 million line of credit outstanding under the Credit Facility and were in compliance with all financial covenants. We used a portion of the funds then available under this Credit Facility to pay in full in April 2019 the amount required to be paid by the Company in respect of the settlement of the Fauley Complaint discussed in further detail under Note 14 - Commitments and Contingencies in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.
A summary of our cash from operating, investing and financing activities is as follows (in thousands):
Nine Months Ended September 30, ChangeThree Months Ended March 31, Change
2018 2017 Dollar
Change
 %
Change
2019 2018 Dollar
Change
 %
Change
Net cash provided by operating activities$6,458
 $6,278
 $180
 3 %$727
 $4,207
 $(3,480) (82.7)%
Net cash used in investing activities(9,126) (15,749) 6,623
 (42)%(458) (375) (83) 22.1 %
Net cash provided by financing activities2,255
 6,027
 (3,772) (63)%
Net cash used in financing activities(4,556) (1,409) (3,147) 223.3 %
Effect of currency translation on cash(10) 73
 (83) (114)%(1) 44
 (45) (102.3)%
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents(423) (3,371) 2,948
 (87)%
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(4,288) 2,467
 (6,755) (273.8)%
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period9,659
 10,794
 (1,135) (11)%13,389
 9,659
 3,730
 38.6 %
Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period$9,236
 $7,423
 $1,813
 24 %$9,101
 $12,126
 $(3,025) (24.9)%
Net cash provided by operating activities was $6.5$0.7 million in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $6.3$4.2 million in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017, an increaseMarch 31, 2018, a decrease of approximately $0.2$3.5 million. CashNet cash provided by operating activities remained relatively flat and was impacted bydecreased due to significant working capital fluctuations such as a $14.4cash used by inventory purchases of $3.1 million increase inrelated to timing of purchases and lower sales; cash provided by inventories due to the timingaccounts payable of inventory purchases in 2017,$3.2 million; a $2.4 million increase in cash provided by current and non-current lease receivables due to a lower level of capital lease placements and timing of collections on existing leases. These factors were offset by a $15.2$2.9 million increase in cash used by the aggregate of accounts receivable, accounts payable, related party balances, accrued liabilities, and a $1.3 million change in cash provided by deferred revenue


and other current assets, dueliabilities. Non-cash transactions had relatively no impact to the timing of collections and payments in the ordinary course of business. Non cash transactions impacting cash provided by operating activities included a $1.7 million increase in stock-based compensation offset by a $2.8as the $0.8 million increase in our deferred tax benefit net.


was offset by the $0.4 million impact of adopting ASC 842,
Leases and a $0.1 million impact from increased stock-based compensation expense. In addition to these factors cash provided by operating activities was $1.4 million less in the current period due to decreased revenue in the quarter ended March 31, 2019 versus the quarter ended March 31, 2018.
Net cash used in investing activities was $9.1$0.5 million in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $15.7$0.4 million in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017, a decreaseMarch 31, 2018, an increase of approximately $6.6$0.1 million. The decreaseincrease in cash used for investing activities was mainly driven by the 2017 purchase of the Heska Imaging minority for $13.8$0.2 million compared to the 2018 investments madeacquisition in unconsolidated affiliates for $8.1 million. Additionally, we had a $0.9 million decrease in cash used for purchases of property and equipment.France.
Net cash provided byused in financing activities was $2.3$4.6 million in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to net cash provided byused in financing activities of $6.0$1.4 million in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017, a decreaseMarch 31, 2018, an increase of $3.7approximately $3.1 million. The change was driven primarily by a $5.6$1.9 million decrease in borrowings, netuse of repayments, a $1.3 million increase in proceeds from issuancecash related to the repurchase of common stock net of distributions, and a $0.8$1.5 million decreaseuse of cash relating to debt repayments as part of the acquisition in distributions to non-controlling interest members. This was partially offset by a $0.3 million decrease in repurchases of common-stock.France.
Our financial plan for 20182019, including selling and marketing team expansion and product development initiatives, indicates that our available cash and cash equivalents, together with cash from operations and borrowings expected to be available under our Credit Facility, will be sufficient to fund our operations for the foreseeable future. Additionally, we would consider furtherare actively seeking acquisitions if we felt they werethat are consistent with our strategic direction. However, ourdirection, which may require additional capital. Our actual results may differ from this plan and we may be required to consider alternative strategies. We may be required to raise additional capital in the future.future, even in the absence of any acquisitions. If necessary, we expect to raise these additional funds through the sale of equity securities or the issuance of new term debt. There is no guarantee that additional capital will be available from these sources on acceptable terms, if at all, and certain of these sources may require approval by existing lenders. See "Risk Factors" in Item 1A in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 for a discussion of some of the factors that affect our capital raising alternatives.

Effect of currency translation on cash
Net effect of foreign currency translations on cash changed $83$45 thousand to a $10$1 thousand negative impact in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, compared to a $73$44 thousand positive impact in the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. These effects are related to changes in exchange rates betweenof our foreign subsidiaries functional currencies and the United StatesU.S. dollar, the functional and reporting currency of Heska Corporation. Our foreign subsidiaries primary currencies are the Swiss Franc, which is the functional currency of our Swiss subsidiary.Euro, Canadian dollar and Australian dollar.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations
The Company has not entered into any transactions with unconsolidated entities whereby the Company has financial guarantees, subordinated retained interests, derivative instruments, or other contingent arrangements that expose the Company to material continuing risks, contingent liabilities, or any other obligation under a variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provided financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to the Company, or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with the Company.
Purchase Obligations
Purchase obligations represent contractual agreements to purchase goods or services that are legally binding andbinding; specify a fixed, minimum or range of quantities; specify a fixed, minimum, variable, or indexed price provision; and specify approximate timing of the transaction. As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019, the Company had purchase obligations of $31.3 million.


Operating Leases
Aspurchase obligations for inventory of September 30, 2018,$12.2 million and an approximate commitment of $1.0 million to purchase real estate from Optomed's minority interest holder within six months of the Company's total future minimum lease payments under noncancelable operating leases were $10.2 million.acquisition of the French company.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The information includedOur accounting policies are described in our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 and other than the recently adopted accounting pronouncements described in Note 1 (Summary- Operations and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to the unauditedPolicies in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Part I Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, is incorporated by reference herein.have not changed significantly since such filing.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

For quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk affecting us, see the section under the heading “Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, which is incorporated by reference herein. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, there have been no material changes to the market risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and our principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined by Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information we are required to disclose in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred since our last fiscal year-end that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to Note 1314 (Commitments and Contingencies) to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this report.Form 10-Q.


Item 1A.Risk Factors
Item 1A.Risk Factors

For a discussion of our risk factors, see Item 1A. Risk Factors in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K/A10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, which is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following table sets forth information about our purchases of our outstanding Public Common Stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2019.
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) Average Price Paid per Share (1) Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under Plans or Programs
January 2019 16,243
 $97.66
 
 $
February 2019 17,737
 $98.17
 
 $
  33,980
 $97.92
 
 $
         
 (1) Shares of Public Common Stock we purchased between January 1, 2019 and March 31, 2019 were solely for the cancellation of shares of stock withheld for related tax obligations

Item 6.        Exhibits

 Exhibit Number 
 
Notes
 
 
Description of Document
1997 Stock Incentive Plan, as amended and restated.
Restricted Stock Agreement and Notice of Stock Option Grant for grants issued to Jason D. Aroesty on July 25, 2018.
    Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
    Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
  * Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
 101.INS   XBRL Instance Document.
 101.SCH   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
 101.CAL   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
 101.DEF   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
 101.PRE   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
 101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
Notes 
*Furnished and not filed herewith.




SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized on November 7, 2018.May 8, 2019.
 
 HESKA CORPORATION
  
 
By:  /s/ KEVIN S. WILSON  
Kevin S. Wilson
Chief Executive Officer and President
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
By:  /s/ CATHERINE GRASSMAN                              
Catherine Grassman
Executive Vice President, Chief AccountingFinancial Officer and Controller
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
 

 


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