UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(mark one)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OF 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____ to ____

Commission File Number: 000-31225

Pinnacle Financial Partners Inc.

, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Tennessee

62-1812853

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

150 Third Avenue South, Suite 900

Nashville,

37201

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(615) 744-3700

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changes since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer", "accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer ☒ Accelerated Filer ☐

Non-accelerated Filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐

(do not check if you are a smaller reporting company) Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:


Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Exchange on which Registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00	PNFP	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Depositary Shares (each representing 1/40th interest in a share of 6.75% Fixed-Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series B)	PNFPP	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

As of October ~~29, 2021~~31, 2022, there were ~~76,136,435~~76,454,813 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value per share, issued and outstanding.

Table of Contents

Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc.

Report on Form 10-Q

September 30, ~~2021~~2022

Table of Contents

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

All statements, other than statements of historical fact, included in this report, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The words "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "may," "should," "plan," "believe," "seek," "estimate" and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements, but other statements not based on historical information may also be considered forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from the statements, including, but not limited to: (i) deterioration in the financial condition of borrowers of Pinnacle Bank and its subsidiaries or BHG, including as a result of the negative impact of inflationary pressures on our and BHG's customers and their businesses resulting in significant increases in loan losses and provisions for those losses and, in the case of BHG, substitutions; (ii) fluctuations or differences in interest rates on loans or deposits from those that Pinnacle Financial is modeling or anticipating, including as a result of Pinnacle Bank's inability to better match deposit rates with the ~~effects of new outbreaks of COVID-19,~~changes in the short-term rate environment, or that affect the yield curve; (iii) adverse conditions in the national or local economies including ~~actions taken by governmental officials to curb the spread of the virus, and the resulting impact on general economic and financial market conditions and on~~in Pinnacle Financial's markets throughout Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and ~~its customers' business, results of operations, asset quality~~Virginia, particularly in commercial and financial condition; (iii) further public acceptance of the vaccines that were developed against the virus as well as the decisions of governmental agencies with respect to vaccines including recommendations related to booster shots and requirements (including those of state, federal and local governments that may conflict with one another) that seek to mandate or in some cases prohibit mandates that individuals receive or employers require that their employees receive the vaccine;residential real estate markets; (iv) ~~those vaccines' efficacy against the virus, including new variants; (v)~~ the inability of Pinnacle Financial, or entities in which it has significant investments, like BHG, to maintain the long-term historical growth rate of its, or such entities', loan portfolio; (v) the ability to grow and retain low-cost core deposits and retain large, uninsured deposits, including during times when Pinnacle Bank is seeking to limit the rates it pays on deposits; (vi) changes in loan underwriting, credit review or loss reserve policies associated with economic conditions, examination conclusions, or regulatory developments; (vii) effectiveness of Pinnacle Financial's asset management activities in improving, resolving or liquidating lower-quality assets; (viii) the impact of competition with other financial institutions, including pricing pressures and the resulting impact on Pinnacle Financial’s results, including as a result of compression to net interest margin; (ix) ~~adverse~~the effects of new outbreaks of COVID-19, including actions taken by governmental officials to curb the spread of the virus, and the resulting impact on general economic and financial market conditions ~~in the national or local economies including in~~and on Pinnacle Financial's ~~markets throughout Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama~~ and ~~Virginia, particularly in commercial~~its customers' business, results of operations, asset quality and ~~residential real estate markets;~~financial condition; (x) ~~fluctuations or differences in interest rates on loans or deposits from those that Pinnacle Financial is modeling or anticipating,~~the efficacy of vaccines against the COVID-19 virus, including ~~as a result of Pinnacle Bank's inability to better match deposit rates with the changes in the short-term rate environment, or that affect the yield curve;~~new variants; (xi) the results of regulatory examinations; (xii) Pinnacle Financial's ability to identify potential candidates for, consummate, and achieve synergies from, potential future acquisitions; (xiii) difficulties and delays in integrating acquired businesses or fully realizing costs savings and other benefits from acquisitions; (xiv) BHG's ability to profitably grow its business and successfully execute on its business plans; (xv) risks of expansion into new geographic or product markets; (xvi) ~~the ability to grow and retain low-cost core deposits and retain large, uninsured deposits, including during times when Pinnacle Bank is seeking to lower rates it pays on deposits; (xvii)~~ any matter that would cause Pinnacle Financial to conclude that there was impairment of any asset, including goodwill or other intangible assets; ~~(xviii)~~(xvii) the ineffectiveness of Pinnacle Bank's hedging strategies, or the unexpected counterparty failure or hedge failure of the underlying hedges; ~~(xix)~~(xviii) reduced ability to attract additional financial advisors (or failure of such advisors to cause their clients to switch to Pinnacle Bank), to retain financial advisors (including as a result of the competitive environment for associates) or otherwise to attract customers from other financial institutions; ~~(xx)~~(xix) deterioration in the valuation of other real estate owned and increased expenses associated therewith; ~~(xxi)~~(xx) inability to comply with regulatory capital requirements, including those resulting from changes to capital calculation methodologies, required capital maintenance levels or regulatory requests or directives, particularly if Pinnacle Bank's level of applicable commercial real estate loans were to exceed percentage levels of total capital in guidelines recommended by its regulators; ~~(xxii)~~(xxi) approval of the declaration of any dividend by Pinnacle Financial's board of directors; ~~(xxiii)~~(xxii) the vulnerability of Pinnacle Bank's network and online banking portals, and the systems of parties with whom Pinnacle Bank contracts, to unauthorized access, computer viruses, phishing schemes, spam attacks, human error, natural disasters, power loss and other security breaches; ~~(xxiv)~~(xxiii) the possibility of increased compliance and operational costs as a result of increased regulatory oversight (including by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau), including oversight of companies in which Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank have significant investments, like BHG, and the development of additional banking products for Pinnacle Bank's corporate and consumer clients; ~~(xxv)~~(xxiv) the risks associated with ~~Pinnacle Financial and~~ Pinnacle Bank being a minority investor in BHG, including the risk that the owners of a majority of the equity interests in BHG decide to sell the company or all or a portion of their ownership interests in BHG (triggering a similar sale by Pinnacle ~~Financial and Pinnacle~~ Bank) if not prohibited from doing so by Pinnacle Financial or Pinnacle Bank; (xxvi) the possibility of increased personal or corporate tax rates and the resulting reduction in our and our customers' businesses as a result of any such increases; (xxvii); (xxv) changes in state and federal legislation, regulations or policies applicable to banks and other financial service providers, like BHG, including regulatory or legislative developments; ~~(xxviii)~~(xxvi) fluctuations in the valuations of Pinnacle Financial's equity investments and the ultimate success of such investments; (xxvii) the availability of and access to capital; ~~(xxix)~~(xxviii) adverse results (including costs, fines, reputational harm, inability to obtain necessary approvals and/or other negative effects) from current or future litigation, regulatory examinations or other legal and/or regulatory actions, including as a result of Pinnacle Bank's participation in and execution of government programs related to the COVID-19 pandemic; and ~~(xxx)~~(xxix) general competitive, economic, political and market conditions. Additional factors which could affect the forward-looking statements can be found in Pinnacle Financial's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020,~~2021 and subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC and available on the SEC's website at http://www.sec.gov. Pinnacle Financial disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this report, which speak only as of the date hereof, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Table of Contents


Item 1.			Part I. Financial Information

PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)


(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Cash and noninterest-bearing due from banks	Cash and noninterest-bearing due from banks	$	155,965	$	203,296	Cash and noninterest-bearing due from banks	$	168,010	$	188,287
Restricted cash	Restricted cash	104,157		223,788		Restricted cash	18,636		82,505
Interest-bearing due from banks	Interest-bearing due from banks	3,206,383		3,522,224		Interest-bearing due from banks	1,616,878		3,830,747
Federal funds sold and other	Federal funds sold and other	—		12,141		Federal funds sold and other	—		—
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	3,466,505		3,961,449		Cash and cash equivalents	1,803,524		4,101,539
Securities purchased with agreement to resell	Securities purchased with agreement to resell	500,000		—		Securities purchased with agreement to resell	528,999		1,000,000
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value	Securities available-for-sale, at fair value	4,634,653		3,586,681		Securities available-for-sale, at fair value	3,542,601		4,914,194
Securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $1.0 billion and $1.1 billion, net of allowance for credit losses of $161 and $191 at Sept. 30, 2021 and Dec. 31, 2020, respectively)		989,237		1,028,359
Securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $2.5 billion and $1.2 billion, net of allowance for credit losses of $1.6 million and $161 at Sept. 30, 2022 and Dec. 31, 2021, respectively)						Securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $2.5 billion and $1.2 billion, net of allowance for credit losses of $1.6 million and $161 at Sept. 30, 2022 and Dec. 31, 2021, respectively)	2,938,417		1,155,958
Consumer loans held-for-sale	Consumer loans held-for-sale	55,273		87,821		Consumer loans held-for-sale	45,509		45,806
Commercial loans held-for-sale	Commercial loans held-for-sale	49,121		31,200		Commercial loans held-for-sale	15,413		17,685
Loans	Loans	23,058,461		22,424,501		Loans	27,711,694		23,414,262
Less allowance for credit losses	Less allowance for credit losses	(268,635)		(285,050)		Less allowance for credit losses	(288,088)		(263,233)
Loans, net	Loans, net	22,789,826		22,139,451		Loans, net	27,423,606		23,151,029
Premises and equipment, net	Premises and equipment, net	288,833		290,001		Premises and equipment, net	320,273		288,182
Equity method investment	Equity method investment	333,764		308,556		Equity method investment	425,892		360,833
Accrued interest receivable	Accrued interest receivable	89,137		104,078		Accrued interest receivable	110,170		98,813
Goodwill	Goodwill	1,819,811		1,819,811		Goodwill	1,846,466		1,819,811
Core deposits and other intangible assets	Core deposits and other intangible assets	35,876		42,336		Core deposits and other intangible assets	35,666		33,819
Other real estate owned	Other real estate owned	8,415		12,360		Other real estate owned	7,787		8,537
Other assets	Other assets	1,463,485		1,520,757		Other assets	1,955,795		1,473,193
Total assets	Total assets	$	36,523,936	$	34,932,860	Total assets	$	41,000,118	$	38,469,399
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY					LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Deposits:	Deposits:					Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	Noninterest-bearing	$	9,809,691	$	7,392,325	Noninterest-bearing	$	10,567,873	$	10,461,071
Interest-bearing	Interest-bearing	5,767,286		5,689,095		Interest-bearing	7,549,510		6,530,015
Savings and money market accounts	Savings and money market accounts	11,381,033		11,099,523		Savings and money market accounts	12,712,809		12,179,663
Time	Time	2,411,797		3,524,632		Time	2,859,857		2,133,784
Total deposits	Total deposits	29,369,807		27,705,575		Total deposits	33,690,049		31,304,533
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	148,240		128,164		Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	190,554		152,559
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	Federal Home Loan Bank advances	888,493		1,087,927		Federal Home Loan Bank advances	889,248		888,681
Subordinated debt and other borrowings	Subordinated debt and other borrowings	542,712		670,575		Subordinated debt and other borrowings	423,834		423,172
Accrued interest payable	Accrued interest payable	11,838		24,934		Accrued interest payable	10,202		12,504
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	371,048		411,074		Other liabilities	454,119		377,343
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	31,332,138		30,028,249		Total liabilities	35,658,006		33,158,792
Shareholders' equity:	Shareholders' equity:					Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, no par value, 10.0 million shares authorized; 225,000 shares non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series B, liquidation preference $225.0 million, issued and outstanding at Sept. 30, 2021 and Dec. 31, 2020, respectively		217,126		217,126
Common stock, par value $1.00; 180.0 million shares authorized; 76.1 million and 75.9 million shares issued and outstanding at Sept. 30, 2021 and Dec. 31, 2020, respectively		76,115		75,850
Preferred stock, no par value, 10.0 million shares authorized; 225,000 shares non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series B, liquidation preference $225.0 million, issued and outstanding at Sept. 30, 2022 and Dec. 31, 2021, respectively						Preferred stock, no par value, 10.0 million shares authorized; 225,000 shares non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, Series B, liquidation preference $225.0 million, issued and outstanding at Sept. 30, 2022 and Dec. 31, 2021, respectively	217,126		217,126
Common stock, par value $1.00; 180.0 million shares authorized; 76.4 million and 76.1 million shares issued and outstanding at Sept. 30, 2022 and Dec. 31, 2021, respectively						Common stock, par value $1.00; 180.0 million shares authorized; 76.4 million and 76.1 million shares issued and outstanding at Sept. 30, 2022 and Dec. 31, 2021, respectively	76,413		76,143
Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital	3,038,800		3,028,063		Additional paid-in capital	3,066,527		3,045,802
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	1,748,491		1,407,723		Retained earnings	2,224,736		1,864,350
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes		111,266		175,849
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes						Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes	(242,690)		107,186
Total shareholders' equity	Total shareholders' equity	5,191,798		4,904,611		Total shareholders' equity	5,342,112		5,310,607
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	36,523,936	$	34,932,860	Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	41,000,118	$	38,469,399

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents

PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited)


(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,				(dollars in thousands, except per share data)	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest income:	Interest income:									Interest income:
Loans, including fees	Loans, including fees	$	233,857	$	224,482	$	694,017	$	687,183	Loans, including fees	$	315,935	$	233,857	$	795,164	$	694,017
Securities:	Securities:									Securities:
Taxable	Taxable	8,986		8,276		25,073		28,133		Taxable	18,204		8,986		41,977		25,073
Tax-exempt	Tax-exempt	15,873		15,001		47,917		43,421		Tax-exempt	21,408		15,873		58,752		47,917
Federal funds sold and other	Federal funds sold and other	2,152		1,429		5,014		5,258		Federal funds sold and other	16,217		2,152		26,864		5,014
Total interest income	Total interest income	260,868		249,188		772,021		763,995		Total interest income	371,764		260,868		922,757		772,021

Interest expense:	Interest expense:									Interest expense:
Deposits	Deposits	12,139		28,401		43,468		112,826		Deposits	55,189		12,139		83,620		43,468
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	57		77		185		286		Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	182		57		320		185
Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings	Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings	11,129		14,116		34,730		50,080		Federal Home Loan Bank advances and other borrowings	10,609		11,129		28,984		34,730
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	23,325		42,594		78,383		163,192		Total interest expense	65,980		23,325		112,924		78,383
Net interest income	Net interest income	237,543		206,594		693,638		600,803		Net interest income	305,784		237,543		809,833		693,638
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	3,382		16,758		13,451		194,635		Provision for credit losses	27,493		3,382		43,120		13,451
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	Net interest income after provision for credit losses	234,161		189,836		680,187		406,168		Net interest income after provision for credit losses	278,291		234,161		766,713		680,187

Noninterest income:	Noninterest income:									Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	11,435		9,854		28,648		25,796		Service charges on deposit accounts	10,906		11,435		33,552		28,648
Investment services	Investment services	9,648		6,734		26,836		21,944		Investment services	10,780		9,648		34,676		26,836
Insurance sales commissions	Insurance sales commissions	2,557		2,284		8,188		7,755		Insurance sales commissions	2,928		2,557		9,518		8,188
Gain on mortgage loans sold, net	Gain on mortgage loans sold, net	7,814		19,453		28,180		47,655		Gain on mortgage loans sold, net	1,117		7,814		7,333		28,180
Investment gains on sales, net	Investment gains on sales, net	—		651		366		986		Investment gains on sales, net	217		—		156		366
Trust fees	Trust fees	5,049		3,986		14,798		12,114		Trust fees	5,706		5,049		17,744		14,798
Income from equity method investment	Income from equity method investment	30,409		26,445		91,430		59,245		Income from equity method investment	41,341		30,409		124,461		91,430
Other noninterest income	Other noninterest income	37,183		21,658		96,565		58,901		Other noninterest income	31,810		37,183		106,363		96,565
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	104,095		91,065		295,011		234,396		Total noninterest income	104,805		104,095		333,803		295,011

Noninterest expense:	Noninterest expense:									Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits	Salaries and employee benefits	112,406		90,103		325,958		244,470		Salaries and employee benefits	129,910		112,406		378,373		325,958
Equipment and occupancy	Equipment and occupancy	23,712		21,622		70,253		64,626		Equipment and occupancy	27,886		23,712		80,343		70,253
Other real estate (income) expense, net	Other real estate (income) expense, net	(79)		1,795		(749)		7,098		Other real estate (income) expense, net	(90)		(79)		101		(749)
Marketing and other business development	Marketing and other business development	3,325		2,321		8,326		7,714		Marketing and other business development	4,958		3,325		13,494		8,326
Postage and supplies	Postage and supplies	2,083		1,761		6,004		5,821		Postage and supplies	2,795		2,083		7,486		6,004
Amortization of intangibles	Amortization of intangibles	2,088		2,417		6,461		7,416		Amortization of intangibles	1,951		2,088		5,873		6,461

Other noninterest expense	Other noninterest expense	25,316		23,833		73,434		66,005		Other noninterest expense	31,843		25,316		92,282		73,434
Total noninterest expense	Total noninterest expense	168,851		143,852		489,687		403,150		Total noninterest expense	199,253		168,851		577,952		489,687
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	169,405		137,049		485,511		237,414		Income before income taxes	183,843		169,405		522,564		485,511
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	32,828		26,404		91,716		35,969		Income tax expense	35,185		32,828		99,669		91,716
Net income	Net income	136,577		110,645		393,795		201,445		Net income	148,658		136,577		422,895		393,795
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	(3,798)		(3,798)		(11,394)		(3,798)		Preferred stock dividends	(3,798)		(3,798)		(11,394)		(11,394)
Net income available to common shareholders	Net income available to common shareholders	$	132,779	$	106,847	$	382,401	$	197,647	Net income available to common shareholders	$	144,860	$	132,779	$	411,501	$	382,401

Per share information:	Per share information:									Per share information:
Basic net income per common share	Basic net income per common share	$	1.76	$	1.42	$	5.07	$	2.62	Basic net income per common share	$	1.91	$	1.76	$	5.43	$	5.07
Diluted net income per common share	Diluted net income per common share	$	1.75	$	1.42	$	5.05	$	2.62	Diluted net income per common share	$	1.91	$	1.75	$	5.42	$	5.05
Weighted average common shares outstanding:	Weighted average common shares outstanding:									Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	Basic	75,494,286		75,240,664		75,449,900		75,417,663		Basic	75,761,930		75,494,286		75,723,129		75,449,900
Diluted	Diluted	75,836,142		75,360,033		75,760,618		75,544,677		Diluted	75,979,056		75,836,142		75,945,469		75,760,618

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents

PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)


(dollars in thousands)	(dollars in thousands)	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,				(dollars in thousands)	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income	Net income	$	136,577	$	110,645	$	393,795	$	201,445	Net income	$	148,658	$	136,577	$	422,895	$	393,795
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:										Other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Change in fair value on available-for-sale securities, net of tax	Change in fair value on available-for-sale securities, net of tax	(28,506)		523		(33,636)		69,402		Change in fair value on available-for-sale securities, net of tax	(107,276)		(28,506)		(338,362)		(33,636)
Change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax	Change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax	—		(5,213)		(18,373)		60,426		Change in fair value of cash flow hedges, net of tax	—		—		—		(18,373)
Accretion of net unrealized gains on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity, net of tax	Accretion of net unrealized gains on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity, net of tax	(1,989)		(1,523)		(5,778)		(3,504)		Accretion of net unrealized gains on securities transferred from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity, net of tax	(1,327)		(1,989)		(3,902)		(5,778)
Net (gain) loss on cash flow hedges reclassified from other comprehensive income into net income, net of tax		(4,338)		156		(6,526)		1,858
Net gain on cash flow hedges reclassified from other comprehensive income into net income, net of tax										Net gain on cash flow hedges reclassified from other comprehensive income into net income, net of tax	(2,477)		(4,338)		(7,497)		(6,526)
Net gain on sale of investment securities reclassified from other comprehensive income into net income, net of tax	Net gain on sale of investment securities reclassified from other comprehensive income into net income, net of tax	—		(481)		(270)		(728)		Net gain on sale of investment securities reclassified from other comprehensive income into net income, net of tax	(160)		—		(115)		(270)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		(34,833)		(6,538)		(64,583)		127,454
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax										Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(111,240)		(34,833)		(349,876)		(64,583)
Total comprehensive income	Total comprehensive income	$	101,744	$	104,107	$	329,212	$	328,899	Total comprehensive income	$	37,418	$	101,744	$	73,019	$	329,212

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents

PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(dollars and shares in thousands) Preferred
Stock
Amount Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comp. Income (Loss), net Total Shareholders' Equity
Shares Amounts
Balance at December 31, 2019 $ — 76,564 $ 76,564 $ 3,064,467 $ 1,184,183 $ 30,534 $ 4,355,748
Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits — 1 1 4 — — 5
Common stock dividends paid ($0.16 per share) — — — — (12,442) — (12,442)
Repurchase of common stock — (1,015) (1,015) (49,775) — — (50,790)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures — 198 198 (198) — — —
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits — 84 84 (2,552) — — (2,468)
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefit — (32) (32) (1,926) — — (1,958)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units — — — 5,501 — — 5,501
Net income — — — — 28,356 — 28,356
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle — — — — (31,796) — (31,796)
Other comprehensive income — — — — — 94,972 94,972
Balance at March 31, 2020 $ — 75,800 $ 75,800 $ 3,015,521 $ 1,168,301 $ 125,506 $ 4,385,128
Issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance cost 217,632 — — — — — 217,632
Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits — 9 9 216 — — 225
Common stock dividends paid ($0.16 per share) — — — — (12,378) — (12,378)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures — 38 38 (38) — — —
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefit — (13) (13) (540) — — (553)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits — 2 2 (21) — — (19)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units — — — 4,148 — — 4,148
Net income — — — — 62,444 — 62,444
Other comprehensive income — — — — — 39,020 39,020
Balance at June 30, 2020 $ 217,632 75,836 $ 75,836 $ 3,019,286 $ 1,218,367 $ 164,526 $ 4,695,647
Issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs (506) — — — — — (506)
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share) — — — — (3,798) — (3,798)
Common stock dividends paid ($0.16 per share) — — — — (12,285) — (12,285)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures — 6 6 (6) — — —
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefit — (7) (7) (293) — — (300)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units — — — 4,443 — — 4,443
Net income — — — — 110,645 — 110,645
Other comprehensive loss — — — — — (6,538) (6,538)
Balance at September 30, 2020 $ 217,126 75,835 $ 75,835 $ 3,023,430 $ 1,312,929 $ 157,988 $ 4,787,308

~~See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).~~


(dollars and shares in thousands)	Preferred Stock Amount		Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comp. Income (Loss), net		Total Shareholders' Equity
			Shares	Amounts
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	217,126	75,850	$	75,850	$	3,028,063	$	1,407,723	$	175,849	$	4,904,611
Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits	—		13	13		291		—		—		304
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)
Common dividends paid ($0.18 per share)	—		—	—		—		(13,902)		—		(13,902)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		172	172		(172)		—		—		—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		(34)	(34)		(2,422)		—		—		(2,456)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit (RSU) and performance stock unit (PSU) agreements, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		86	86		(3,848)		—		—		(3,762)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		5,399		—		—		5,399
Net income	—		—	—		—		125,428		—		125,428
Other comprehensive loss	—		—	—		—		—		(52,301)		(52,301)
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	217,126	76,087	$	76,087	$	3,027,311	$	1,515,451	$	123,548	$	4,959,523
Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits	—		5	5		95		—		—		100
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)
Common dividends paid ($0.18 per share)	—		—	—		—		(13,863)		—		(13,863)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		3	3		(3)		—		—		—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		(8)	(8)		(731)		—		—		(739)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		1	1		(3)		—		—		(2)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		5,669		—		—		5,669
Net income	—		—	—		—		131,790		—		131,790
Other comprehensive income	—		—	—		—		—		22,551		22,551
Balance at June 30, 2021	$	217,126	76,088	$	76,088	$	3,032,338	$	1,629,580	$	146,099	$	5,101,231
Exercise of employee stock options & related tax benefits	—		14	14		286		—		—		300
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)
Common dividends paid ($0.18 per share)	—		—	—		—		(13,868)		—		(13,868)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		19	19		(19)		—		—		—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		(7)	(7)		(544)		—		—		(551)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		1	1		(27)		—		—		(26)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		6,766		—		—		6,766
Net income	—		—	—		—		136,577		—		136,577
Other comprehensive loss	—		—	—		—		—		(34,833)		(34,833)
Balance at September 30, 2021	$	217,126	76,115	$	76,115	$	3,038,800	$	1,748,491	$	111,266	$	5,191,798

Table of Contents

~~PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY, CONTINUED~~

~~(Unaudited)~~


		Preferred Stock Amount		Common Stock							Accumulated Other Comp. Income (Loss), net		Total Shareholders' Equity			Preferred Stock Amount		Common Stock							Accumulated Other Comp. Income (Loss), net		Total Shareholders' Equity
				Shares	Amounts		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings									Shares	Amounts		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings
Balance at December 31, 2020		$	217,126	75,850	$	75,850	$	3,028,063	$	1,407,723	$	175,849	$	4,904,611
Balance at December 31, 2021															Balance at December 31, 2021	$	217,126	76,143	$	76,143	$	3,045,802	$	1,864,350	$	107,186	$	5,310,607
Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits	Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits	—		13	13		291		—		—		304		Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits	—		6	6		124		—		—		130
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)		Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)
Common dividends paid ($0.18 per share)		—		—	—		—		(13,902)		—		(13,902)
Common dividends paid ($0.22 per share)															Common dividends paid ($0.22 per share)	—		—	—		—		(16,976)		—		(16,976)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures															Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		168	168		(168)		—		—		—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits															Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		(35)	(35)		(3,736)		—		—		(3,771)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to RSU and PSU agreements, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits															Issuance of common stock pursuant to RSU and PSU agreements, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		95	95		(5,556)		—		—		(5,461)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units															Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		9,448		—		—		9,448
Net income															Net income	—		—	—		—		129,110		—		129,110
Other comprehensive loss															Other comprehensive loss	—		—	—		—		—		(138,339)		(138,339)
Balance at March 31, 2022															Balance at March 31, 2022	$	217,126	76,377	$	76,377	$	3,045,914	$	1,972,686	$	(31,153)	$	5,280,950
Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits															Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits	—		8	8		185		—		—		193
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)															Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)
Common dividends paid ($0.22 per share)															Common dividends paid ($0.22 per share)	—		—	—		—		(17,065)		—		(17,065)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		172	172		(172)		—		—		—		Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		8	8		(8)		—		—		—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		(34)	(34)		(2,422)		—		—		(2,456)		Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		(8)	(8)		(623)		—		—		(631)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		86	86		(3,848)				—		(3,762)		Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		—	—		—		—		—		—
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		5,399		—		—		5,399		Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		10,760		—		—		10,760
Net income	Net income	—		—	—		—		125,428		—		125,428		Net income	—		—	—		—		145,127		—		145,127
Other comprehensive loss	Other comprehensive loss	—		—	—		—		—		(52,301)		(52,301)		Other comprehensive loss	—							—		(100,297)		(100,297)
Balance at March 31, 2021		$	217,126	76,087	$	76,087	$	3,027,311	$	1,515,451	$	123,548	$	4,959,523
Exercise of employee common stock options & related tax benefits		—		5	5		95		—		—		100
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)		—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)
Common dividends paid ($0.18 per share)		—		—	—		—		(13,863)		—		(13,863)

Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures		—		3	3		(3)		—		—		—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits		—		(8)	(8)		(731)		—		—		(739)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits		—		1	1		(3)		—		—		(2)
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units		—		—	—		5,669		—		—		5,669
Net income		—		—	—		—		131,790		—		131,790
Other comprehensive income		—		—	—		—		—		22,551		22,551
Balance at June 30, 2021		$	217,126	76,088	$	76,088	$	3,032,338	$	1,629,580	$	146,099	$	5,101,231
Balance at June 30, 2022															Balance at June 30, 2022	$	217,126	76,385	$	76,385	$	3,056,228	$	2,096,950	$	(131,450)	$	5,315,239
Exercise of employee stock options & related tax benefits	Exercise of employee stock options & related tax benefits	—		14	14		286		—		—		300		Exercise of employee stock options & related tax benefits	—		—	—		(45)		—		—		(45)
Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)		Preferred dividends paid ($16.88 per share)	—		—	—		—		(3,798)		—		(3,798)
Common dividends paid ($0.18 per share)		—		—	—		—		(13,868)		—		(13,868)
Common dividends paid ($0.22 per share)															Common dividends paid ($0.22 per share)	—		—	—		—		(17,074)		—		(17,074)
Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		19	19		(19)		—		—		—		Issuance of restricted common shares, net of forfeitures	—		32	32		(32)		—		—		—
Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		(7)	(7)		(544)		—		—		(551)		Restricted shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits			(4)	(4)		(298)		—		—		(302)
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		1	1		(27)		—		—		(26)		Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes & related tax benefits	—		—	—		—		—		—		—
Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		6,766		—		—		6,766		Compensation expense for restricted shares & performance stock units	—		—	—		10,674		—		—		10,674
Net income	Net income	—		—	—		—		136,577		—		136,577		Net income	—		—	—		—		148,658		—		148,658
Other comprehensive loss	Other comprehensive loss	—		—	—		—		—		(34,833)		(34,833)		Other comprehensive loss	—		—	—		—		—		(111,240)		(111,240)
Balance at September 30, 2021		$	217,126	76,115	$	76,115	$	3,038,800	$	1,748,491	$	111,266	$	5,191,798
Balance at September 30, 2022															Balance at September 30, 2022	$	217,126	76,413	$	76,413	$	3,066,527	$	2,224,736	$	(242,690)	$	5,342,112

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents

PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


(dollars in thousands)	(dollars in thousands)	Nine months ended September 30,				(dollars in thousands)	Nine months ended September 30,
		2021		2020			2022		2021
Operating activities:	Operating activities:					Operating activities:
Net income	Net income	$	393,795	$	201,445	Net income	$	422,895	$	393,795
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:	Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:					Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization/accretion of premium/discount on securities	Net amortization/accretion of premium/discount on securities	41,415		26,771		Net amortization/accretion of premium/discount on securities	50,794		41,415
Depreciation, amortization and accretion	Depreciation, amortization and accretion	39,630		32,127		Depreciation, amortization and accretion	44,686		39,630
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	13,451		194,635		Provision for credit losses	43,120		13,451
Gain on mortgage loans sold, net	Gain on mortgage loans sold, net	(28,180)		(47,655)		Gain on mortgage loans sold, net	(7,333)		(28,180)
Investment gains on sales, net	Investment gains on sales, net	(366)		(986)		Investment gains on sales, net	(156)		(366)
Gain on other equity investments, net	Gain on other equity investments, net	(19,000)		(8)		Gain on other equity investments, net	(9,104)		(19,000)
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	17,834		14,092		Stock-based compensation expense	30,882		17,834
Deferred tax expense (benefit)		2,317		(31,288)
Losses (gains) on dispositions of other real estate and other investments		(986)		6,600
Deferred tax expense						Deferred tax expense	1,263		2,317
Gains on dispositions of other real estate and other investments						Gains on dispositions of other real estate and other investments	(179)		(986)
Gain on remeasurement of previously held noncontrolling interest						Gain on remeasurement of previously held noncontrolling interest	(5,500)		—
Income from equity method investment	Income from equity method investment	(91,430)		(59,245)		Income from equity method investment	(124,461)		(91,430)
Dividends received from equity method investment	Dividends received from equity method investment	66,221		47,981		Dividends received from equity method investment	59,401		66,221
Excess tax benefit from stock compensation	Excess tax benefit from stock compensation	(2,201)		(505)		Excess tax benefit from stock compensation	(2,921)		(2,201)
Gain on commercial loans sold, net	Gain on commercial loans sold, net	(3,136)		(1,856)		Gain on commercial loans sold, net	(2,274)		(3,136)
Commercial loans held for sale originated	Commercial loans held for sale originated	(433,555)		(271,996)		Commercial loans held for sale originated	(411,833)		(433,555)
Commercial loans held for sale sold	Commercial loans held for sale sold	418,770		279,147		Commercial loans held for sale sold	416,380		418,770
Consumer loans held for sale originated	Consumer loans held for sale originated	(1,579,745)		(1,550,290)		Consumer loans held for sale originated	(1,263,024)		(1,579,745)
Consumer loans held for sale sold	Consumer loans held for sale sold	1,640,473		1,597,016		Consumer loans held for sale sold	1,270,654		1,640,473
Decrease (increase) in other assets	Decrease (increase) in other assets	22,093		(188,675)		Decrease (increase) in other assets	(56,223)		22,093
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities	Increase (decrease) in other liabilities	(58,720)		54,407		Increase (decrease) in other liabilities	43,140		(58,720)
Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	438,680		301,717		Net cash provided by operating activities	500,207		438,680
Investing activities:	Investing activities:					Investing activities:
Activities in securities available-for-sale:	Activities in securities available-for-sale:					Activities in securities available-for-sale:
Purchases	Purchases	(1,607,533)		(1,189,922)		Purchases	(668,860)		(1,607,533)
Sales	Sales	2,240		145,631		Sales	29,501		2,240
Maturities, prepayments and calls	Maturities, prepayments and calls	456,547		356,690		Maturities, prepayments and calls	336,933		456,547
Activities in securities held-to-maturity:	Activities in securities held-to-maturity:					Activities in securities held-to-maturity:
Purchases	Purchases	(8,710)		—		Purchases	(804,841)		(8,710)
Maturities, prepayments and calls	Maturities, prepayments and calls	33,864		13,345		Maturities, prepayments and calls	59,038		33,864
Increase in securities purchased under agreements to resell		(500,000)		—
Net decrease (increase) in securities purchased under agreements to resell						Net decrease (increase) in securities purchased under agreements to resell	471,001		(500,000)
Increase in loans, net	Increase in loans, net	(662,490)		(2,705,594)		Increase in loans, net	(4,290,474)		(662,490)
Purchases of software, premises and equipment	Purchases of software, premises and equipment	(16,616)		(30,309)		Purchases of software, premises and equipment	(47,468)		(16,616)
Proceeds from sales of software, premises and equipment	Proceeds from sales of software, premises and equipment	281		—		Proceeds from sales of software, premises and equipment	656		281
Proceeds from sale of other real estate	Proceeds from sale of other real estate	5,728		7,191		Proceeds from sale of other real estate	994		5,728

Purchase of bank owned life insurance policies						Purchase of bank owned life insurance policies	(100,000)		—
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance settlements	Proceeds from bank owned life insurance settlements	954		4,580		Proceeds from bank owned life insurance settlements	1,002		954
Proceeds from derivative instruments	Proceeds from derivative instruments	99,710		35,680		Proceeds from derivative instruments	—		99,710
Proceeds from sale of FHLB stock		12,602		—
Proceeds from sale (purchase) of FHLB stock, net						Proceeds from sale (purchase) of FHLB stock, net	(12,389)		12,602
Acquisition, net of cash acquired						Acquisition, net of cash acquired	(30,415)		—

Purchase of trade name		—		(1,000)

Increase in other investments	Increase in other investments	(44,568)		(50,327)		Increase in other investments	(68,945)		(44,568)
Net cash used in investing activities	Net cash used in investing activities	(2,227,991)		(3,414,035)		Net cash used in investing activities	(5,124,267)		(2,227,991)
Financing activities:	Financing activities:					Financing activities:
Net increase in deposits	Net increase in deposits	1,664,344		6,363,187		Net increase in deposits	2,390,200		1,664,344
Net increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase	Net increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase	20,076		705		Net increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase	37,995		20,076
Federal Home Loan Bank: Advances	Federal Home Loan Bank: Advances	—		762,472		Federal Home Loan Bank: Advances	400,000		—
Federal Home Loan Bank: Repayments/maturities	Federal Home Loan Bank: Repayments/maturities	(200,000)		(1,537,520)		Federal Home Loan Bank: Repayments/maturities	(400,000)		(200,000)
Advances of other borrowings, net of issuance costs		—		56,568

Repayments of other borrowings	Repayments of other borrowings	(130,000)		(136,661)		Repayments of other borrowings	(29,547)		(130,000)
Principal payments of finance lease obligation	Principal payments of finance lease obligation	(194)		(180)		Principal payments of finance lease obligation	(207)		(194)
Issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs		—		217,126
Issuance of common stock pursuant to restricted stock unit agreement, net of shares withheld for taxes		(3,790)		(2,488)

Issuance of common stock pursuant to RSU and PSU agreements, net of shares withheld for taxes						Issuance of common stock pursuant to RSU and PSU agreements, net of shares withheld for taxes	(5,462)		(3,790)
Exercise of common stock options, net of shares surrendered for taxes	Exercise of common stock options, net of shares surrendered for taxes	(3,042)		(2,580)		Exercise of common stock options, net of shares surrendered for taxes	(4,425)		(3,042)
Repurchase of common stock		—		(50,790)

Common stock dividends paid	Common stock dividends paid	(41,633)		(37,105)		Common stock dividends paid	(51,115)		(41,633)
Preferred stock dividends paid	Preferred stock dividends paid	(11,394)		(3,798)		Preferred stock dividends paid	(11,394)		(11,394)
Net cash provided by financing activities	Net cash provided by financing activities	1,294,367		5,628,936		Net cash provided by financing activities	2,326,045		1,294,367
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		(494,944)		2,516,618
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash						Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	(2,298,015)		(494,944)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	3,961,449		526,707		Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period	4,101,539		3,961,449
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$	3,466,505	$	3,043,325	Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$	1,803,524	$	3,466,505

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

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PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Business — Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc. (Pinnacle Financial) is a financial holding company whose primary business is conducted by its wholly-owned subsidiary, Pinnacle Bank. Pinnacle Bank is a commercial bank headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. Pinnacle Financial completed its acquisitions of CapitalMark Bank & Trust (CapitalMark), Magna Bank (Magna), Avenue Financial Holdings, Inc. (Avenue), BNC Bancorp (BNC) and Advocate Capital, Inc. (Advocate Capital) on July 31, 2015, September 1, 2015, July 1, 2016, June 16, 2017 and July 2, 2019, respectively. Pinnacle ~~Financial and Pinnacle~~ Bank also ~~collectively hold~~holds a 49% interest in Bankers Healthcare Group, LLC (BHG), a company that primarily serves as a full-service commercial loan provider to healthcare and other professional ~~practices.~~practices but also makes consumer loans for various purposes. The investment in BHG previously held by Pinnacle Financial was contributed to Pinnacle Bank effective September 30, 2022. Pinnacle Bank provides a full range of banking services, including investment, mortgage, insurance, and comprehensive wealth management services, in its 1415 primarily urban markets across the Southeast.

On March 1, 2022, Pinnacle Bank acquired the remaining 80% outstanding membership interest of JB&B Capital, LLC (JB&B) for a cash price of $32.0 million. JB&B is a commercial equipment financing business headquartered in Knoxville, TN. Pinnacle Bank had previously acquired 20% of JB&B in 2017. Pinnacle Financial accounted for the acquisition of JB&B under the acquisition method in accordance with ASC Topic 805. Accordingly, the purchase price is allocated to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of the acquisition. Determining the fair value of assets and liabilities, particularly illiquid assets and liabilities, is a complicated process involving significant judgment regarding estimates and assumptions used to calculate estimated fair value. Fair value adjustments based on updated estimates could materially affect the goodwill recorded on the JB&B acquisition. At the acquisition date, JB&B's net assets were initially recorded at a fair value of $12.9 million, consisting mainly of loans and leases receivable. JB&B's $29.5 million of indebtedness was also paid off in connection with consummation of the acquisition. The preexisting noncontrolling interest of JB&B held by Pinnacle Bank was remeasured at a fair value of $8.0 million on the acquisition date resulting in a gain on remeasurement of $5.5 million that was recorded in other noninterest income during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The purchase price allocations for the acquisition of JB&B are preliminary and will be finalized upon the receipt of final valuations on certain assets and liabilities.

Basis of Presentation — The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with instructions to Form 10-Q and therefore do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP). All adjustments consisting of normally recurring accruals that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods covered by the report have been included. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Pinnacle Financial's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020 (2020~~2021 (2021 10-K).

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Pinnacle Financial and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Certain statutory trust affiliates of Pinnacle Financial, as noted in Note 11. Other Borrowings are included in these consolidated financial statements pursuant to the equity method of accounting. Significant intercompany transactions and accounts are eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities as of the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term include the determination of the allowance for credit losses and determination of any impairment of goodwill or intangible assets. There have been no significant changes to Pinnacle Financial's significant accounting policies as disclosed in the ~~2020~~2021 10-K.

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Cash Flow Information — Supplemental cash flow information addressing certain cash and noncash transactions for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 was as follows (in thousands):


		For the nine months ended September 30,					For the nine months ended September 30,
		2021		2020			2022		2021
Cash Transactions:	Cash Transactions:					Cash Transactions:
Interest paid	Interest paid	$	90,651	$	179,163	Interest paid	$	114,326	$	90,651
Income taxes paid, net	Income taxes paid, net	88,614		89,858		Income taxes paid, net	115,090		88,614
Operating lease payments	Operating lease payments	10,878		10,077		Operating lease payments	12,255		10,878
Noncash Transactions:	Noncash Transactions:					Noncash Transactions:
Loans charged-off to the allowance for credit losses	Loans charged-off to the allowance for credit losses	39,319		35,724		Loans charged-off to the allowance for credit losses	33,384		39,319
Loans foreclosed upon and transferred to other real estate owned	Loans foreclosed upon and transferred to other real estate owned	798		3,435		Loans foreclosed upon and transferred to other real estate owned	65		798
Loans foreclosed upon and transferred to other assets		—		25

Available-for-sale securities transferred to held-to-maturity portfolio	Available-for-sale securities transferred to held-to-maturity portfolio	—		873,613		Available-for-sale securities transferred to held-to-maturity portfolio	1,059,737		—

Right-of-use asset recognized during the period in exchange for lease obligations	Right-of-use asset recognized during the period in exchange for lease obligations	8,745		5,269		Right-of-use asset recognized during the period in exchange for lease obligations	31,333		8,745

Income Per Common Share — Basic net income per common share (EPS) is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted. The difference between basic and diluted

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weighted average common shares outstanding is attributable to common stock options, restricted share awards, and restricted share unit ~~awards.~~awards, including those with performance-based vesting provisions. The dilutive effect of outstanding options, restricted share awards, and restricted share unit awards is reflected in diluted EPS by application of the treasury stock method.

The following is a summary of the basic and diluted net income per common share calculations for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands, except per share data):


		Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,					Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic net income per common share calculation:	Basic net income per common share calculation:									Basic net income per common share calculation:
Numerator - Net income available to common shareholders	Numerator - Net income available to common shareholders	$	132,779	$	106,847	$	382,401	$	197,647	Numerator - Net income available to common shareholders	$	144,860	$	132,779	$	411,501	$	382,401

Denominator - Weighted average common shares outstanding	Denominator - Weighted average common shares outstanding	75,494		75,241		75,450		75,418		Denominator - Weighted average common shares outstanding	75,762		75,494		75,723		75,450
Basic net income per common share	Basic net income per common share	$	1.76	$	1.42	$	5.07	$	2.62	Basic net income per common share	$	1.91	$	1.76	$	5.43	$	5.07
Diluted net income per common share calculation:	Diluted net income per common share calculation:									Diluted net income per common share calculation:
Numerator – Net income available to common shareholders		$	132,779	$	106,847	$	382,401	$	197,647
Numerator - Net income available to common shareholders										Numerator - Net income available to common shareholders	$	144,860	$	132,779	$	411,501	$	382,401

Denominator - Weighted average common shares outstanding	Denominator - Weighted average common shares outstanding	75,494		75,241		75,450		75,418		Denominator - Weighted average common shares outstanding	75,762		75,494		75,723		75,450
Dilutive common shares contingently issuable	Dilutive common shares contingently issuable	342		119		311		127		Dilutive common shares contingently issuable	217		342		222		311
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding	Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding	75,836		75,360		75,761		75,545		Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding	75,979		75,836		75,945		75,761
Diluted net income per common share	Diluted net income per common share	$	1.75	$	1.42	$	5.05	$	2.62	Diluted net income per common share	$	1.91	$	1.75	$	5.42	$	5.05

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements — ~~In January 2020, the FASB issued~~ Accounting Standards Update 2020-01, Investments-Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Clarifying the Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. These amendments, among other things, clarify that a company should consider observable transactions that require a company to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting under Topic 323, Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures, for the purposes of applying the measurement alternative in accordance with Topic 321 immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method. The amendments also clarify that when determining the accounting for certain forward contracts and purchased options a company should not consider, whether upon settlement or exercise, if the underlying securities would be accounted for under the equity method or fair value option. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020. An entity should apply ASU 2020-01 prospectively at the beginning of the interim period that includes the adoption date. The amendments became effective for Pinnacle Financial on January 1, 2021 and had no impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements.

~~In December 2019, the FASB issued~~ ~~Accounting Standards Update 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes~~ to simplify various aspects of the current guidance to promote consistent application of the standard among reporting entities by moving certain exceptions to the general principles. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The amendments became effective for Pinnacle Financial on January 1, 2021 and had no impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting, and has issued subsequent amendments thereto, which provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform. The ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying generally accepted accounting principles to contract modifications and hedging relationships, subject to meeting certain criteria, that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. It is intended to help stakeholders during the global market-wide reference rate transition period. The guidance is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. Pinnacle Financial ~~is implementing~~has implemented a transition plan to identify and modify its loans and other financial instruments, including certain indebtedness, with attributes that are either directly or indirectly influenced by LIBOR. Pinnacle Financial ~~is assessing ASU 2020-04~~intends to discontinue originating LIBOR-based loans during 2022 and has begun negotiating loans primarily using its ~~impact~~preferred replacement index, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR"). For Pinnacle Financial's currently outstanding LIBOR-based loans, the timing and manner in which each customer's contract transitions to SOFR will vary on ~~the transition away from LIBOR for its loans and other financial instruments.~~a case-by-case basis. Pinnacle Financial expects to complete all loan transitions by June 30, 2023.

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Newly Issued Not Yet Effective Accounting Standards — In March 2022, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2022-01, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Fair Value Hedging - Portfolio Layer Method, which allows multiple hedged layers to be designated for a single closed portfolio of financial assets resulting in a greater portion of the interest rate risk in the closed portfolio being eligible to be hedged. The amendments allow the flexibility to use different types of derivatives or combinations of derivatives to better align with risk management strategies. Furthermore, among other things, the amendments clarify that basis adjustments of hedged items in the closed portfolio should be allocated at the portfolio level and not the individual assets within the portfolio. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted, including early adoption in an interim period. An entity should apply ASU 2022-01 prospectively. If an entity elects to early adopt ASU 2022-01 in an interim period, the guidance should be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period. Pinnacle Financial is assessing ASU 2022-01 and its impact on its accounting and disclosures.

In March 2022, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2022-02, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures, which removes the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings and requires entities to evaluate whether a modification provided to a borrower results in a new loan or continuation of an existing loan. The amendments enhance existing disclosures and require new disclosures for receivables when there has been a modification in contractual cash flows due to a borrower experiencing financial difficulties. Additionally, the amendments require public business entities to disclose gross charge-off information by year of origination in the vintage disclosures. The guidance is effective for entities that have adopted ASU 2016-13 for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted, including early adoption in an interim period. An entity should apply ASU 2022-02 prospectively. If an entity elects to early adopt ASU 2022-02 in an interim period, the guidance should be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period. Pinnacle Financial is assessing ASU 2022-02 and its impact on its accounting and disclosures.

In June 2022, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions, which clarifies the guidance in ASC 820 when measuring the fair value of equity securities subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of an equity security. This update also requires specific disclosures related to these types of securities. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted, including early adoption in an interim period. An entity should apply ASU 2022-03 prospectively once adopted. Pinnacle Financial is assessing ASU 2022-03 and its impact on its accounting and disclosures.

Other than those pronouncements discussed above and those which have been recently adopted, Pinnacle Financial does not believe there were any other recently issued accounting pronouncements that ~~are expected to~~may materially impact its consolidated financial statements.

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~~Reclassifications~~ ~~— Some items in the prior year financial statements were reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on prior year net income or stockholder's equity.~~

Subsequent Events — ASC Topic 855, Subsequent Events, establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued. Pinnacle Financial evaluated all events or transactions that occurred after September 30, ~~2021~~2022 through the date of the issued financial statements. In October 2022, Pinnacle Financial purchased interest rate caps and floors on certain SOFR-based variable rate loans as more fully disclosed in Note 8. Derivative Instruments. Other than these hedging transactions, no other subsequent events were noted.

Note 2. Equity method investment

A summary of BHG's financial position as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 and results of operations as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, were as follows (in thousands):


		As of					As of
		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets	Assets	$	2,443,304	$	1,330,317	Assets	$	4,045,386	$	2,724,542

Liabilities	Liabilities	2,110,765		1,088,135		Liabilities	3,516,645		2,355,256
Equity interests	Equity interests	332,539		242,182		Equity interests	528,741		369,286
Total liabilities and equity	Total liabilities and equity	$	2,443,304	$	1,330,317	Total liabilities and equity	$	4,045,386	$	2,724,542

For the three months ended
September 30, For the nine months ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Revenues $ 192,160 $ 128,510 $ 528,767 $ 319,244
Net income $ 63,280 $ 51,459 $ 184,195 $ 121,604

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	For the three months ended September 30,				For the nine months ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenues	$	293,427	$	192,160	$	829,986	$	528,767
Net income	$	80,088	$	63,280	$	257,121	$	184,195

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, technology, trade name and customer relationship intangibles, net of related amortization, totaled ~~$7.0~~$6.4 million compared to ~~$7.6~~$6.8 million as of December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Amortization expense of ~~$188,000~~$128,000 and ~~$564,000,~~$384,000, respectively, was included for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$293,000~~$188,000 and ~~$880,000,~~$564,000, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year. Accretion income of ~~$349,000~~$164,000 and ~~$1.2 million,~~$595,000, respectively, was included in the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$535,000~~$349,000 and ~~$1.6~~$1.2 million, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank received dividends of $18.6 million and $59.4 million, respectively, from BHG in the aggregate compared to $16.8 million and $66.2 million, respectively, ~~from BHG in the aggregate. During~~during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank received dividends of $40.0 million and $48.0 million, respectively, from BHG in the aggregate.~~2021. Earnings from BHG are included in Pinnacle Financial's consolidated tax return. Profits from intercompany transactions are eliminated. During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank purchased loans from BHG of $49.6 million and $125.6 million, respectively, compared to loan purchases of $75.8 million and $200.7 million, respectively, ~~of loans from BHG compared to purchases of $50.2 million for~~during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. These loans were purchased at par pursuant to BHG's joint venture loan program whereby BHG and Pinnacle Bank share proportionately in the credit risk of the acquired loans based on the rate on the loan and the rate of the purchase. The yield on this portfolio to Pinnacle Bank is anticipated to be between ~~4.75%~~4.50% and ~~5.00%~~6.00% per annum. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were ~~$263.2~~$374.3 million and ~~$95.8~~$319.1 million, respectively, of BHG joint venture program loans held by Pinnacle Bank.

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Note 3. Securities

The amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale and held-to-maturity at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 are summarized as follows (in thousands):


		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value			Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
September 30, 2021:
September 30, 2022:										September 30, 2022:
Securities available-for-sale:	Securities available-for-sale:									Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	$	144,387	$	—	$	230	$	144,157	U.S. Treasury securities	$	210,655	$	—	$	4,655	$	206,000
U.S. government agency securities		423,481		1,566		2,992		422,055
U.S. Government agency securities										U.S. Government agency securities	443,579		—		36,641		406,938
Mortgage-backed securities	Mortgage-backed securities	1,938,218		41,663		11,900		1,967,981		Mortgage-backed securities	1,518,231		231		188,934		1,329,528
State and municipal securities	State and municipal securities	1,733,063		38,130		11,545		1,759,648		State and municipal securities	1,478,698		4,270		133,384		1,349,584
Asset-backed securities	Asset-backed securities	220,716		214		733		220,197		Asset-backed securities	164,901		—		16,260		148,641
Corporate notes and other	Corporate notes and other	119,276		3,306		1,967		120,615		Corporate notes and other	109,331		65		7,486		101,910
		$	4,579,141	$	84,879	$	29,367	$	4,634,653		$	3,925,395	$	4,566	$	387,360	$	3,542,601
Securities held-to-maturity:	Securities held-to-maturity:									Securities held-to-maturity:
U.S. Treasury securities										U.S. Treasury securities	$	92,837	$	—	$	6,897	$	85,940
U.S. Government agency securities										U.S. Government agency securities	354,118		—		28,181		325,937
Mortgage-backed securities										Mortgage-backed securities	451,854		—		49,642		402,212
State and municipal securities	State and municipal securities	$	989,398	$	25,817	$	808	$	1,014,407	State and municipal securities	1,854,612		26		316,607		1,538,031
Asset-backed securities										Asset-backed securities	172,752		—		16,563		156,189
Corporate notes and other										Corporate notes and other	13,851		—		1,190		12,661
		$	989,398	$	25,817	$	808	$	1,014,407		$	2,940,024	$	26	$	419,080	$	2,520,970
Allowance for credit losses - securities held-to-maturity	Allowance for credit losses - securities held-to-maturity	(161)								Allowance for credit losses - securities held-to-maturity	(1,607)
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses	Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses	$	989,237							Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses	$	2,938,417

December 31, 2020:
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 82,199 $ 10 $ — $ 82,209
U.S. government agency securities 74,916 1,547 60 76,403
Mortgage-backed securities 1,623,759 67,759 2,327 1,689,191
State and municipal securities 1,411,288 44,559 12,484 1,443,363
Asset-backed securities 177,878 715 657 177,936
Corporate notes and other 117,256 2,632 2,309 117,579
$ 3,487,296 $ 117,222 17,837 $ 3,586,681
Securities held-to-maturity:
State and municipal securities $ 1,028,550 $ 38,272 $ 291 $ 1,066,531
$ 1,028,550 $ 38,272 $ 291 $ 1,066,531
Allowance for credit losses - securities held-to-maturity (191)
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses $ 1,028,359

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December 31, 2021:
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	194,490	$	—	$	881	$	193,609
U.S. Government agency securities	634,611		2,359		4,961		632,009
Mortgage-backed securities	1,908,675		29,874		18,310		1,920,239
State and municipal securities	1,774,119		52,961		3,243		1,823,837
Asset-backed securities	232,294		60		2,785		229,569
Corporate notes and other	114,355		3,082		2,506		114,931
	$	4,858,544	$	88,336	32,686		$	4,914,194
Securities held-to-maturity:
U.S. Government agency securities	11,920		—		37		11,883
Mortgage-backed securities	106,555		86		196		106,445
State and municipal securities	1,037,644		32,966		889		1,069,721
	$	1,156,119	$	33,052	$	1,122	$	1,188,049
Allowance for credit losses - securities held-to-maturity	(161)
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses	$	1,155,958

During the quarters ended March 31, 2022, March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2018, Pinnacle Financial transferred, at fair value, $1.1 billion, $873.6 million and $179.8 million, respectively, of ~~municipal~~ securities from the available-for-sale portfolio to the held-to-maturity portfolio. The related net unrealized after tax losses of $1.5 million, net unrealized after tax gains of $69.0 million and net unrealized after tax losses of $2.2 million, respectively, remained in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and are being amortized over the remaining life of the transferred securities, offsetting the related amortization of discount or premium on the transferred securities. No gains or losses were recognized at the time of the transfer. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, approximately ~~$649.5~~$666.4 million of securities within Pinnacle Financial's investment portfolio were pledged to secure either public funds and other deposits or securities sold under agreements to repurchase. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, repurchase agreements comprised of secured borrowings totaled ~~$148.2~~$190.6 million and were secured by ~~$148.2~~$190.6 million of pledged U.S. government agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, municipal securities, asset-backed securities and corporate debentures. As the fair value of securities pledged to secure repurchase agreements may decline, Pinnacle Financial regularly evaluates its need to pledge additional securities to remain adequately secured.

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The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 by contractual maturity is shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities of mortgage- and asset-backed securities since the mortgages and assets underlying the securities may be called or prepaid with or without penalty. Therefore, these securities are not included in the maturity categories in the following summary (in thousands):


		Available-for-sale				Held-to-maturity					Available-for-sale				Held-to-maturity
September 30, 2021:		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
September 30, 2022:										September 30, 2022:	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	Due in one year or less	$	106,128	$	106,120	$	—	$	—	Due in one year or less	$	15,616	$	15,574	$	1,986	$	1,965
Due in one year to five years	Due in one year to five years	56,921		56,821		1,409		1,472		Due in one year to five years	187,720		189,083		377,940		348,130
Due in five years to ten years	Due in five years to ten years	508,208		517,678		5,676		5,734		Due in five years to ten years	349,217		321,759		84,549		78,621
Due after ten years	Due after ten years	1,748,950		1,765,856		982,313		1,007,201		Due after ten years	1,689,710		1,538,016		1,850,943		1,533,853
Mortgage-backed securities	Mortgage-backed securities	1,938,218		1,967,981		—		—		Mortgage-backed securities	1,518,231		1,329,528		451,854		402,212
Asset-backed securities	Asset-backed securities	220,716		220,197		—		—		Asset-backed securities	164,901		148,641		172,752		156,189
		$	4,579,141	$	4,634,653	$	989,398	$	1,014,407		$	3,925,395	$	3,542,601	$	2,940,024	$	2,520,970

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At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the following ~~investments~~available-for-sale securities had unrealized losses. The table below classifies these investments according to the term of the unrealized losses of less than twelve months or twelve months or longer (in thousands):


		Investments with an Unrealized Loss of less than 12 months				Investments with an Unrealized Loss of 12 months or longer				Total Investments with an Unrealized Loss					Investments with an Unrealized Loss of less than 12 months				Investments with an Unrealized Loss of 12 months or longer				Total Investments with an Unrealized Loss
		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses			Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
At September 30, 2021
At September 30, 2022														At September 30, 2022
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	$	132,157	$	230	$	—	$	—	$	132,157	$	230	U.S. Treasury securities	$	196,001	$	4,653	$	9,998	$	2	$	205,999	$	4,655
U.S. government agency securities		195,921		2,552		14,807		440		210,728		2,992
U.S. Government agency securities														U.S. Government agency securities	267,400		17,991		139,538		18,650		406,938		36,641
Mortgage-backed securities	Mortgage-backed securities	633,938		8,630		114,968		3,270		748,906		11,900		Mortgage-backed securities	659,467		57,377		661,931		131,557		1,321,398		188,934
State and municipal securities	State and municipal securities	523,859		9,138		222,884		2,961		746,743		12,099		State and municipal securities	1,096,601		117,016		35,582		16,368		1,132,183		133,384
Asset-backed securities	Asset-backed securities	166,457		592		6,703		141		173,160		733		Asset-backed securities	59,323		4,955		89,319		11,305		148,642		16,260
Corporate notes	Corporate notes	18,412		422		24,970		1,545		43,382		1,967		Corporate notes	68,901		6,040		21,009		1,446		89,910		7,486
Total temporarily-impaired securities	Total temporarily-impaired securities	$	1,670,744	$	21,564	$	384,332	$	8,357	$	2,055,076	$	29,921	Total temporarily-impaired securities	$	2,347,693	$	208,032	$	957,377	$	179,328	$	3,305,070	$	387,360

At December 31, 2020
At December 31, 2021														At December 31, 2021
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	U.S. Treasury securities	$	178,610	$	881	$	—	$	—	$	178,610	$	881
U.S. government agency securities		9,962		38		6,091		22		16,053		60
U.S. Government agency securities														U.S. Government agency securities	353,951		2,987		54,266		1,974		408,217		4,961
Mortgage-backed securities	Mortgage-backed securities	165,696		1,772		35,997		555		201,693		2,327		Mortgage-backed securities	744,996		11,663		178,956		6,647		923,952		18,310
State and municipal securities	State and municipal securities	175,115		2,220		345,435		10,264		520,550		12,484		State and municipal securities	309,605		2,198		57,270		1,045		366,875		3,243
Asset-backed securities	Asset-backed securities	46,399		207		52,840		450		99,239		657		Asset-backed securities	198,349		2,595		6,513		190		204,862		2,785
Corporate notes	Corporate notes	9,978		40		23,920		2,269		33,898		2,309		Corporate notes	14,991		554		20,270		1,952		35,261		2,506
Total temporarily-impaired securities	Total temporarily-impaired securities	$	407,150	$	4,277	$	464,283	$	13,560	$	871,433	$	17,837	Total temporarily-impaired securities	$	1,800,502	$	20,878	$	317,275	$	11,808	$	2,117,777	$	32,686

The applicable dates for determining when available-for-sale securities were in an unrealized loss position were September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. As such, it is possible that aan available-for-sale security had a market value less than its amortized cost on other days during the twelve-month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, but is not in the "Investments with an Unrealized Loss of less than 12 months" category above.

As shown in the tables above, ~~including both available-for-sale and held-to-maturity investment securities,~~ at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Financial had approximately ~~$29.9~~$387.4 million in unrealized losses on approximately ~~$2.1~~$3.3 billion of ~~securities. The unrealized losses associated with $873.6 million and $179.8 million of municipal securities transferred from the~~ available-for-sale portfolio to the held-to-maturity portfolio during the quarters ended March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2018, respectively, represent unrealized losses since the date of purchase, independent of the impact associated with changes in the cost basis upon transfer between portfolios.securities. For any securities classified as available-for-sale that are in an unrealized loss position at the balance sheet date, Pinnacle Financial assesses whether or not it intends to sell the security, or more likely than not will be required to sell the security, before recovery of its amortized cost basis which would require a write-down to fair value through net income. Because Pinnacle Financial currently does not intend to sell those available-for-sale securities that have an unrealized loss at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, and it is not more-likely-than-not that Pinnacle

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Financial will be required to sell the securities before recovery of their amortized cost bases, which may be maturity, Pinnacle Financial has determined that no write-down is necessary. In addition, Pinnacle Financial evaluates whether any portion of the decline in fair value of available-for-sale securities is the result of credit deterioration, which would require the recognition of an allowance for credit losses. Such evaluations consider the extent to which the amortized cost of the security exceeds its fair value, changes in credit ratings and any other known adverse conditions related to the specific security. The unrealized losses associated with available-for-sale securities at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 are driven by changes in interest rates and are not due to the credit quality of the securities, and accordingly, no allowance for credit losses is considered necessary related to available-for-sale securities at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. These securities will continue to be monitored as a part of Pinnacle Financial's ongoing evaluation of credit quality. Management evaluates the financial performance of the issuers on a quarterly basis to determine if it is probable that the issuers can make all contractual principal and interest payments.

The allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity securities is measured on a collective basis by major security type. ~~At September 30, 2021,~~ Pinnacle ~~Financial's held-to-maturity~~Financial has a zero loss expectation for U.S. treasury securities ~~consist entirely of municipal securities. The estimates of expected~~in addition to U.S. Government agency securities and mortgage-backed securities issued by Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and accordingly, no allowance for credit losses is estimated for these securities. Credit losses on held-to-maturity state and municipal securities and corporate notes and other securities are ~~based on historical credit~~estimated using third-party probability of default and loss ~~information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. A~~given default models driven primarily by macroeconomic factors over a reasonable and supportable period of 18eighteen months ~~and~~with a twelve month reversion ~~period of 12 months was utilized~~ to ~~estimate credit losses on held-to-maturity municipal securities at each of September 30, 2021 and 2020.~~average loss factors. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the estimated allowance for credit losses on these held-to-maturity securities was ~~$161,000~~$1.6 million and ~~$191,000,~~$161,000, respectively, with the change driven largely by the increase in the balance of held-to-maturity securities and by changes in macroeconomic ~~projections.~~forecasts.

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Pinnacle Financial utilizes bond credit ratings assigned by third party ratings agencies to monitor the credit quality of debt securities held-to-maturity. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, all debt securities classified as held-to-maturity were rated A or higher by the ratings agencies. Updated credit ratings are obtained as they become available from the ratings agencies.

Periodically, available-for-sale securities may be sold or the composition of the portfolio realigned to improve yields, quality or marketability, or to implement changes in investment or asset/liability strategy, including maintaining collateral requirements and raising funds for liquidity purposes or preparing for anticipated changes in market interest rates. Additionally, if an available-for-sale security loses its investment grade or tax-exempt status, the underlying credit support is terminated or collection otherwise becomes uncertain based on factors known to management, Pinnacle Financial will consider selling the security, but will review each security on a case-by-case basis as these factors become known. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, $29.5 million of available-for-sale securities were sold resulting in gross realized gains of $292,000 and gross realized losses of $136,000. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021, $2.2 million of available-for-sale securities were sold ~~and $270,000 related to net~~resulting in gross realized gains ~~on sales~~ of ~~available-for-sale securities were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income.~~$366,000.

Pinnacle Financial has entered into various fair value hedging transactions to mitigate the impact of changing interest rates on the fair values of available for sale securities. See Note 8. Derivative Instruments for disclosure of the gains and losses recognized on derivative instruments and the cumulative fair value hedging adjustments to the carrying amount of the hedged securities.

Note 4. Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses

For financial reporting purposes, Pinnacle Financial classifies its loan portfolio based on the underlying collateral utilized to secure each loan. This classification is consistent with those utilized in the Quarterly Report of Condition and Income filed by Pinnacle Bank with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).

Pinnacle Financial uses the following loan categories for presentation of loan balances and the related allowance for credit losses on loans:

•Owner occupied commercial real estate mortgage loans - Owner occupied commercial real estate mortgage loans are secured by commercial office buildings, industrial buildings, warehouses or retail buildings where the owner of the building occupies the property. For such loans, repayment is largely dependent upon the operation of the borrower's business.

•Non-owner occupied commercial real estate loans - These loans represent investment real estate loans secured by office buildings, industrial buildings, warehouses, retail buildings, and multifamily residential housing. Repayment is primarily dependent on lease income generated from the underlying collateral.

•Consumer real estate mortgage loans - Consumer real estate mortgage consists primarily of loans secured by 1-4 family residential properties, including home equity lines of credit. Repayment is primarily dependent on the personal cash flow of the borrower.

•Construction and land development loans - Construction and land development loans include loans where the repayment is dependent on the successful completion and eventual sale, refinance or operation of the related real estate project. Construction and land development loans include 1-4 family construction projects and commercial construction endeavors such as warehouses, apartments, office and retail space and land acquisition and development.

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•Commercial and industrial loans - Commercial and industrial loans include loans to business enterprises issued for commercial, industrial and/or other professional purposes. These loans are generally secured by equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable of the borrower and repayment is primarily dependent on business cash flows. Loans totaling ~~$708.7~~$10.7 million and ~~$1.8 billion~~$371.1 million granted under the Paycheck Protection Program are included in this category as of September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

•Consumer and other loans - Consumer and other loans include all loans issued to individuals not included in the consumer real estate mortgage classification. Examples of consumer and other loans are automobile loans, consumer credit cards and loans to finance education, among others. Many consumer loans are unsecured. Repayment is primarily dependent on the personal cash flow of the borrower.

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Loans at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 were as ~~follows:~~follows (in thousands):


		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:					Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	2,954,519	$	2,802,227	Owner occupied	$	3,426,271	$	3,048,822
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	5,219,207		5,203,384		Non-owner occupied	6,164,981		5,221,704
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	3,540,439		3,099,172		Consumer real estate – mortgage	4,271,913		3,680,684
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	3,096,961		2,901,746		Construction and land development	3,548,970		2,903,017
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	7,788,153		8,038,457		Commercial and industrial	9,748,994		8,074,546
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	459,182		379,515		Consumer and other	550,565		485,489
Subtotal	Subtotal	$	23,058,461	$	22,424,501	Subtotal	$	27,711,694	$	23,414,262
Allowance for credit losses	Allowance for credit losses	(268,635)		(285,050)		Allowance for credit losses	(288,088)		(263,233)
Loans, net	Loans, net	$	22,789,826	$	22,139,451	Loans, net	$	27,423,606	$	23,151,029

Commercial loans receive risk ratings assigned by a financial advisor subject to validation by Pinnacle Financial's independent loan review department. Risk ratings are categorized as pass, special mention, substandard, substandard-nonaccrual or doubtful-nonaccrual. Pass rated loans include multiple ratings categories representing varying degrees of risk attributes lesser than those of the other defined risk categories further described below. Pinnacle Financial believes its categories follow those used by Pinnacle Bank's primary regulators. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, approximately ~~76.2%~~78.4% of Pinnacle Financial's loan portfolio was analyzed as a commercial loan type with a specifically assigned risk rating. Consumer loans and small business loans are generally not assigned an individual risk rating but are evaluated as either accrual or nonaccrual based on the performance of the individual loans. However, certain consumer real estate-mortgage loans and certain consumer and other loans receive a specific risk rating due to the loan proceeds being used for commercial purposes even though the collateral may be of a consumer loan nature. Consumer loans that have been placed on nonaccrual but have not otherwise been assigned a risk rating are believed by management to share risk characteristics with loans rated substandard-nonaccrual and have been presented as such in Pinnacle Financial's risk rating disclosures.

Risk ratings are subject to continual review by a financial advisor and a senior credit officer. At least annually, Pinnacle Financial's credit procedures require every risk rated loan of $1.0 million or more be subject to a formal credit risk review process. Each loan's risk rating is also subject to review by Pinnacle Financial's independent loan review department, which reviews a substantial portion of Pinnacle Financial's risk rated portfolio annually. Included in the coverage are independent reviews of loans in targeted higher-risk portfolio segments such as certain commercial and industrial loans, land loans and/or loan types in certain geographies. Substantial credit risk review procedures have been performed to assess the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the loan portfolio, and the results of these procedures are reflected in Pinnacle Financial's risk rating disclosures as of September 30, 2021.

Following are the definitions of the risk rating categories used by Pinnacle Financial. Pass rated loans include all credits other than those included within these categories:

•Special mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the asset or in Pinnacle Financial's credit position at some future date.

•Substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and financial capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Assets so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize collection of the debt. Substandard loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that Pinnacle Financial could sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

•Substandard-nonaccrual loans are substandard loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status.

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•Doubtful-nonaccrual loans have all the characteristics of substandard-nonaccrual loans with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable.

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The table below presents loan balances classified within each risk rating category by primary loan type and based on year of origination or most recent renewal as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 (in thousands):


September 30, 2021		2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total
September 30, 2022																		September 30, 2022	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total
Commercial real estate - Owner occupied	Commercial real estate - Owner occupied																	Commercial real estate - Owner occupied
Pass	Pass	$	709,613	$	752,522	$	396,290	$	346,730	$	230,544	$	338,358	$	74,332	$	2,848,389	Pass	$	908,936	$	861,738	$	629,881	$	334,654	$	253,903	$	318,241	$	57,386	$	3,364,739
Special Mention	Special Mention	3,021		18,041		23,304		11,191		8,013		5,408		1,463		70,441		Special Mention	6,996		21,444		8,973		1,612		—		5,748		—		44,773
Substandard (1)	Substandard (1)	4,065		9,243		5,929		2,010		6,062		1,843		4,403		33,555		Substandard (1)	2,184		998		1,646		5,519		1,394		2,601		—		14,342
Substandard-nonaccrual	Substandard-nonaccrual	651		167		133		224		573		322		64		2,134		Substandard-nonaccrual	692		401		—		257		939		128		—		2,417
Doubtful-nonaccrual	Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		��		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial real estate - owner occupied	Total Commercial real estate - owner occupied	$	717,350	$	779,973	$	425,656	$	360,155	$	245,192	$	345,931	$	80,262	$	2,954,519	Total Commercial real estate - owner occupied	$	918,808	$	884,581	$	640,500	$	342,042	$	256,236	$	326,718	$	57,386	$	3,426,271
Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied	Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied																	Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied
Pass	Pass	$	1,224,463	$	1,011,088	$	878,712	$	458,453	$	409,687	$	527,093	$	71,142	$	4,580,638	Pass	$	2,041,293	$	1,512,522	$	902,351	$	757,308	$	362,229	$	440,692	$	62,643	$	6,079,038
Special Mention	Special Mention	102,390		339,589		58,766		28,326		55,434		28,615		35		613,155		Special Mention	2,081		6,659		34,255		16,491		—		23,917		—		83,403
Substandard (1)	Substandard (1)	3,523		10,582		1,372		2,992		1,698		3,346		—		23,513		Substandard (1)	—		—		—		1,296		—		—		—		1,296
Substandard-nonaccrual	Substandard-nonaccrual	—		3		95		635		—		1,168		—		1,901		Substandard-nonaccrual	—		1,040		—		—		—		204		—		1,244
Doubtful-nonaccrual	Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied	Total Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied	$	1,330,376	$	1,361,262	$	938,945	$	490,406	$	466,819	$	560,222	$	71,177	$	5,219,207	Total Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied	$	2,043,374	$	1,520,221	$	936,606	$	775,095	$	362,229	$	464,813	$	62,643	$	6,164,981
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage																	Consumer real estate – mortgage
Pass	Pass	$	954,840	$	621,396	$	344,081	$	218,698	$	118,796	$	309,150	$	946,762	$	3,513,723	Pass	$	844,646	$	1,156,847	$	502,444	$	248,804	$	138,540	$	278,119	$	1,087,348	$	4,256,748
Special Mention	Special Mention	120		—		—		697		64		977		—		1,858		Special Mention	—		—		—		—		220		254		—		474
Substandard (1)	Substandard (1)	—		881		—		—		449		1,834		2,886		6,050		Substandard (1)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard-nonaccrual	Substandard-nonaccrual	289		412		3,722		766		971		10,374		2,274		18,808		Substandard-nonaccrual	279		1,005		1,800		6,392		1,160		3,937		118		14,691
Doubtful-nonaccrual	Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer real estate – mortgage	Total Consumer real estate – mortgage	$	955,249	$	622,689	$	347,803	$	220,161	$	120,280	$	322,335	$	951,922	$	3,540,439	Total Consumer real estate – mortgage	$	844,925	$	1,157,852	$	504,244	$	255,196	$	139,920	$	282,310	$	1,087,466	$	4,271,913
Construction and land development	Construction and land development																	Construction and land development
Pass	Pass	$	1,148,364	$	982,922	$	710,816	$	180,189	$	26,367	$	15,867	$	15,876	$	3,080,401	Pass	$	1,496,481	$	1,484,141	$	463,924	$	73,089	$	6,313	$	8,522	$	15,819	$	3,548,289
Special Mention	Special Mention	2,877		3,280		8,653		—		—		—		—		14,810		Special Mention	440		—		—		—		—		138		—		578
Substandard (1)	Substandard (1)	—		—		12		20		—		74		—		106		Substandard (1)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard-nonaccrual	Substandard-nonaccrual	—		866		517		59		66		136		—		1,644		Substandard-nonaccrual	—		—		—		2		—		101		—		103
Doubtful-nonaccrual	Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Construction and land development	Total Construction and land development	$	1,151,241	$	987,068	$	719,998	$	180,268	$	26,433	$	16,077	$	15,876	$	3,096,961	Total Construction and land development	$	1,496,921	$	1,484,141	$	463,924	$	73,091	$	6,313	$	8,761	$	15,819	$	3,548,970
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial																	Commercial and industrial
Pass	Pass	$	2,566,847	$	1,046,415	$	675,802	$	328,921	$	124,091	$	139,904	$	2,682,244	$	7,564,224	Pass	$	3,036,224	$	1,954,740	$	542,893	$	383,359	$	176,784	$	138,913	$	3,331,195	$	9,564,108
Special Mention	Special Mention	8,889		15,797		54,965		7,304		724		1,197		36,853		125,729		Special Mention	13,160		15,027		6,298		33,503		5,127		1,224		51,773		126,112
Substandard (1)	Substandard (1)	23,211		642		5,852		2,380		4,505		2,324		37,103		76,017		Substandard (1)	15,606		8,240		273		4,279		1,369		917		12,430		43,114
Substandard-nonaccrual	Substandard-nonaccrual	4,231		12,869		549		475		250		391		3,418		22,183		Substandard-nonaccrual	3,464		11,150		1		197		111		389		348		15,660
Doubtful-nonaccrual	Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Commercial and industrial	Total Commercial and industrial	$	2,603,178	$	1,075,723	$	737,168	$	339,080	$	129,570	$	143,816	$	2,759,618	$	7,788,153	Total Commercial and industrial	$	3,068,454	$	1,989,157	$	549,465	$	421,338	$	183,391	$	141,443	$	3,395,746	$	9,748,994
Consumer and other	Consumer and other																	Consumer and other
Pass	Pass	$	168,925	$	94,798	$	7,670	$	2,687	$	2,909	$	2,058	$	180,113	$	459,160	Pass	$	140,100	$	112,455	$	61,508	$	2,521	$	1,050	$	1,310	$	231,621	$	550,565
Special Mention	Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Special Mention	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard (1)	Substandard (1)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Substandard (1)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard-nonaccrual	Substandard-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		18		1		3		22		Substandard-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Doubtful-nonaccrual	Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total Consumer and other	Total Consumer and other	$	168,925	$	94,798	$	7,670	$	2,687	$	2,927	$	2,059	$	180,116	$	459,182	Total Consumer and other	$	140,100	$	112,455	$	61,508	$	2,521	$	1,050	$	1,310	$	231,621	$	550,565

Total loans	Total loans																	Total loans
Pass	Pass	$	6,773,052	$	4,509,141	$	3,013,371	$	1,535,678	$	912,394	$	1,332,430	$	3,970,469	$	22,046,535	Pass	$	8,467,680	$	7,082,443	$	3,103,001	$	1,799,735	$	938,819	$	1,185,797	$	4,786,012	$	27,363,487
Special Mention	Special Mention	117,297		376,707		145,688		47,518		64,235		36,197		38,351		825,993		Special Mention	22,677		43,130		49,526		51,606		5,347		31,281		51,773		255,340
Substandard (1)	Substandard (1)	30,799		21,348		13,165		7,402		12,714		9,421		44,392		139,241		Substandard (1)	17,790		9,238		1,919		11,094		2,763		3,518		12,430		58,752
Substandard-nonaccrual	Substandard-nonaccrual	5,171		14,317		5,016		2,159		1,878		12,392		5,759		46,692		Substandard-nonaccrual	4,435		13,596		1,801		6,848		2,210		4,759		466		34,115
Doubtful-nonaccrual																		Doubtful-nonaccrual	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total loans																		Total loans	$	8,512,582	$	7,148,407	$	3,156,247	$	1,869,283	$	949,139	$	1,225,355	$	4,850,681	$	27,711,694

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September 30, 2021 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 Prior Revolving Loans Total
Doubtful-nonaccrual — — — — — — — —
Total loans $ 6,926,319 $ 4,921,513 $ 3,177,240 $ 1,592,757 $ 991,221 $ 1,390,440 $ 4,058,971 $ 23,058,461

(1) Potential problem loans represent those loans with a well-defined weakness and where information about possible credit problems of borrowers has caused management to have doubts about the borrower's ability to comply with present repayment terms. This definition is believed to be substantially consistent with the standards established by Pinnacle Bank's primary regulators for loans classified as substandard, excluding troubled debt restructurings. Potential problem loans, which are not included in nonaccrual loans, amounted to approximately ~~$139.2~~$59.3 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$173.5~~$109.6 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

The table below presents the aging of past due balances by loan segment at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


September 30, 2021		30-59 days past due		60-89 days past due		90 days or more past due		Total past due		Current		Total loans
September 30, 2022														September 30, 2022	30-59 days past due		60-89 days past due		90 days or more past due		Total past due		Current		Total loans
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:													Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	2,519	$	—	$	1,618	$	4,137	$	2,950,382	$	2,954,519	Owner occupied	$	642	$	355	$	1,725	$	2,722	$	3,423,549	$	3,426,271
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	3,375		359		1,317		5,051		5,214,156		5,219,207		Non-owner occupied	307		632		1,244		2,183		6,162,798		6,164,981
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	2,593		7,599		5,265		15,457		3,524,982		3,540,439		Consumer real estate – mortgage	1,281		11,209		8,737		21,227		4,250,686		4,271,913
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	776		645		648		2,069		3,094,892		3,096,961		Construction and land development	67		—		—		67		3,548,903		3,548,970
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	3,410		5,302		4,557		13,269		7,774,884		7,788,153		Commercial and industrial	8,264		3,503		6,934		18,701		9,730,293		9,748,994
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	1,376		696		247		2,319		456,863		459,182		Consumer and other	2,965		1,629		785		5,379		545,186		550,565
Total	Total	$	14,049	$	14,601	$	13,652	$	42,302	$	23,016,159	$	23,058,461	Total	$	13,526	$	17,328	$	19,425	$	50,279	$	27,661,415	$	27,711,694

December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021														December 31, 2021
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:													Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	934	$	2,672	$	1,860	$	5,466	$	2,796,761	$	2,802,227	Owner occupied	$	727	$	—	$	2,426	$	3,153	$	3,045,669	$	3,048,822
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	726		6,220		3,861		10,807		5,192,577		5,203,384		Non-owner occupied	1,434		—		645		2,079		5,219,625		5,221,704
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	8,859		328		6,274		15,461		3,083,711		3,099,172		Consumer real estate – mortgage	8,710		122		4,450		13,282		3,667,402		3,680,684
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	278		418		736		1,432		2,900,314		2,901,746		Construction and land development	61		—		127		188		2,902,829		2,903,017
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	20,278		5,801		4,408		30,487		8,007,970		8,038,457		Commercial and industrial	4,926		2,677		7,311		14,914		8,059,632		8,074,546
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	806		282		304		1,392		378,123		379,515		Consumer and other	1,715		568		372		2,655		482,834		485,489
Total	Total	$	31,881	$	15,721	$	17,443	$	65,045	$	22,359,456	$	22,424,501	Total	$	17,573	$	3,367	$	15,331	$	36,271	$	23,377,991	$	23,414,262

The following table details the changes in the allowance for credit losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, by loan classification (in thousands):


																			Commercial real estate - Owner occupied		Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied		Consumer real estate - mortgage		Construction and land development		Commercial and industrial		Consumer and other		Total
Three months ended September 30, 2022:																		Three months ended September 30, 2022:
Balance at June 30, 2022																		Balance at June 30, 2022	$	19,609	$	52,547	$	33,883	$	28,681	$	125,772	$	11,991	$	272,483
Charged-off loans																		Charged-off loans	(447)		(99)		(155)		—		(13,029)		(3,969)		(17,699)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans																		Recovery of previously charged-off loans	1,039		—		426		15		2,869		2,367		6,716
Provision for credit losses on loans																		Provision for credit losses on loans	(132)		(1,884)		1,311		(75)		24,673		2,695		26,588
Balance at September 30, 2022																		Balance at September 30, 2022	$	20,069	$	50,564	$	35,465	$	28,621	$	140,285	$	13,084	$	288,088
		Commercial real estate - Owner occupied		Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied		Consumer real estate - mortgage		Construction and land development		Commercial and industrial		Consumer and other		Unallocated		Total
Three months ended September 30, 2021:	Three months ended September 30, 2021:																	Three months ended September 30, 2021:
Balance at June 30, 2021	Balance at June 30, 2021	$	19,311	$	79,081	$	30,445	$	33,487	$	102,101	$	9,322	$	—	$	273,747	Balance at June 30, 2021	$	19,311	$	79,081	$	30,445	$	33,487	$	102,101	$	9,322	$	273,747
Charged-off loans	Charged-off loans	(543)		(201)		(94)		—		(10,167)		(1,284)		—		(12,289)		Charged-off loans	(543)		(201)		(94)		—		(10,167)		(1,284)		(12,289)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans	Recovery of previously charged-off loans	80		326		777		32		997		796		—		3,008		Recovery of previously charged-off loans	80		326		777		32		997		796		3,008
Provision for credit losses on loans	Provision for credit losses on loans	411		(5,180)		(103)		(659)		8,485		1,215		—		4,169		Provision for credit losses on loans	411		(5,180)		(103)		(659)		8,485		1,215		4,169
Balance at September 30, 2021	Balance at September 30, 2021	$	19,259	$	74,026	$	31,025	$	32,860	$	101,416	$	10,049	$	—	$	268,635	Balance at September 30, 2021	$	19,259	$	74,026	$	31,025	$	32,860	$	101,416	$	10,049	$	268,635

Three months ended September 30, 2020:
Balance at June 30, 2020		$	38,803	$	68,426	$	29,358	$	41,897	$	100,610	$	6,278	$	—	$	285,372

Charged-off loans		(186)		(222)		(907)		—		(12,984)		(730)		—		(15,029)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans		47		432		297		7		799		391		—		1,973
Provision for credit losses on loans		(2,238)		1,223		3,201		(682)		13,783		1,042		—		16,329
Balance at September 30, 2020		$	36,426	$	69,859	$	31,949	$	41,222	$	102,208	$	6,981	$	—	$	288,645

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		Commercial real estate - Owner occupied		Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied		Consumer real estate - mortgage		Construction and land development		Commercial and industrial		Consumer and other		Unallocated		Total			Commercial real estate - Owner occupied		Commercial real estate - Non-owner occupied		Consumer real estate - mortgage		Construction and land development		Commercial and industrial		Consumer and other		Total
Nine months ended September 30, 2022:																		Nine months ended September 30, 2022:
Balance at December 31, 2021																		Balance at December 31, 2021	$	19,618	$	58,504	$	32,104	$	29,429	$	112,340	$	11,238	$	263,233
Charged-off loans																		Charged-off loans	(1,412)		(284)		(409)		(150)		(22,684)		(8,445)		(33,384)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans																		Recovery of previously charged-off loans	1,373		247		1,298		164		10,393		5,091		18,566
Provision for credit losses on loans																		Provision for credit losses on loans	490		(7,903)		2,472		(822)		40,236		5,200		39,673
Balance at September 30, 2022																		Balance at September 30, 2022	$	20,069	$	50,564	$	35,465	$	28,621	$	140,285	$	13,084	$	288,088
Nine months ended September 30, 2021:	Nine months ended September 30, 2021:																	Nine months ended September 30, 2021:
Balance at December 31, 2020	Balance at December 31, 2020	$	23,298	$	79,132	$	33,304	$	42,408	$	98,423	$	8,485	$	—	$	285,050	Balance at December 31, 2020	$	23,298	$	79,132	$	33,304	$	42,408	$	98,423	$	8,485	$	285,050

Charged-off loans	Charged-off loans	(1,246)		(672)		(626)		(367)		(32,890)		(3,518)		—		(39,319)		Charged-off loans	(1,246)		(672)		(626)		(367)		(32,890)		(3,518)		(39,319)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans	Recovery of previously charged-off loans	1,158		486		1,690		269		2,848		2,222		—		8,673		Recovery of previously charged-off loans	1,158		486		1,690		269		2,848		2,222		8,673
Provision for credit losses on loans	Provision for credit losses on loans	(3,951)		(4,920)		(3,343)		(9,450)		33,035		2,860		—		14,231		Provision for credit losses on loans	(3,951)		(4,920)		(3,343)		(9,450)		33,035		2,860		14,231
Balance at September 30, 2021	Balance at September 30, 2021	$	19,259	$	74,026	$	31,025	$	32,860	$	101,416	$	10,049	$	—	$	268,635	Balance at September 30, 2021	$	19,259	$	74,026	$	31,025	$	32,860	$	101,416	$	10,049	$	268,635
Nine months ended September 30, 2020:
Balance at December 31, 2019		$	13,406	$	19,963	$	8,054	$	12,662	$	36,112	$	3,595	$	985	$	94,777
Impact of adopting ASC 326		264		(4,740)		21,029		(3,144)		23,040		2,638		(985)		38,102
Charged-off loans		(1,247)		(485)		(3,033)		—		(27,982)		(2,977)		—		(35,724)
Recovery of previously charged-off loans		272		631		971		100		3,798		1,356		—		7,128
Provision for credit losses on loans		23,731		54,490		4,928		31,604		67,240		2,369		—		184,362
Balance at September 30, 2020		$	36,426	$	69,859	$	31,949	$	41,222	$	102,208	$	6,981	$	—	$	288,645

The adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is reviewed by Pinnacle Financial's management on a quarterly basis. This assessment includes procedures to estimate the allowance and test the adequacy and appropriateness of the resulting balance. The level of the allowance is based upon management's evaluation of historical default and loss experience, current and projected economic conditions, asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrowers' ability to repay the loan (including the timing of future payment), the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, industry and peer bank loan quality indications and other pertinent factors, including regulatory recommendations. The level of the allowance for credit losses maintained by management is believed adequate to absorb all expected future losses inherent in the loan portfolio at the balance sheet date. The allowance is increased by provisions charged to expense and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.

Pinnacle Financial adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, which introduced the CECL methodology for estimating all expected losses over the life of a financial asset. Under the CECL methodology the allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective basis for pools of loans with similar risk characteristics, and for loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with the collectively evaluated pools, evaluations are performed on an individual basis. ~~Upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 in 2020, the opening balance of the allowance for credit losses was increased by $38.1 million through retained earnings.~~

For commercial real estate, consumer real estate, construction and land development, and commercial and industrial loans, Pinnacle Financial primarily utilizes a probability of default and loss given default modeling approach. These models utilize historical correlations between default experience and certain macroeconomic factors as determined through a statistical regression analysis. All loan segments modeled using this approach consider changes in the national unemployment rate. In addition to the national unemployment rate, GDP and the three month treasury rate are considered for owner occupied commercial real estate, the commercial real estate price index and the five year treasury rate are considered for construction loans, and the three month treasury rate is considered for commercial and industrial loans. For the consumer and other loan segment, a non-statistical approach based on historical charge off rates is utilized.

Losses are predicted over a period of time determined to be reasonable and supportable, and at the end of the reasonable and supportable period losses are reverted to long term historical averages. The reasonable and supportable period and reversion period are re-evaluated each quarter by Pinnacle Financial and are dependent on the current economic environment among other factors. A reasonable and supportable period of 24 months was utilized for all loan segments at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~18 months was utilized for all loan segments at~~ December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, followed by a 12 month straight line reversion to long term averages at each measurement date.

The estimated loan losses for all loan segments are adjusted for changes in qualitative factors not inherently considered in the quantitative analyses. These adjustments are based upon quarterly trend assessments in portfolio concentrations, policy exceptions, associate retention, independent loan review results, collateral considerations, risk ratings, competition and peer group credit quality trends. The qualitative allowance allocation, as determined by the processes noted above, is increased or decreased for each loan segment based on the assessment of these various qualitative factors.

~~Table of Contents~~

Loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with the collectively evaluated pools are evaluated on an individual basis and are excluded from the collectively evaluated pools. Individual evaluations are generally performed for loans greater than $1.0 million which have experienced significant credit deterioration. Such loans are evaluated for credit losses based on either discounted cash flows or the fair value of collateral.

Table of Contents

The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


		Real Estate		Business Assets		Other		Total			Real Estate		Business Assets		Other		Total
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022										September 30, 2022
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:									Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	5,517	$	—	$	—	$	5,517	Owner occupied	$	4,778	$	—	$	—	$	4,778
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	6,039		—		—		6,039		Non-owner occupied	3,773		—		—		3,773
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	23,530		—		—		23,530		Consumer real estate – mortgage	19,835		—		—		19,835
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	2,632		—		—		2,632		Construction and land development	879		—		—		879
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	—		11,443		838		12,281		Commercial and industrial	—		20,385		—		20,385
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	—		—		19		19		Consumer and other	—		—		—		—
Total	Total	$	37,718	$	11,443	$	857	$	50,018	Total	$	29,265	$	20,385	$	—	$	49,650
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021										December 31, 2021
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:									Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	15,681	$	—	$	—	$	15,681	Owner occupied	$	5,300	$	—	$	—	$	5,300
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	7,000		—		—		7,000		Non-owner occupied	5,631		—		—		5,631
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	27,082		—		—		27,082		Consumer real estate – mortgage	16,392		—		—		16,392
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	2,049		—		—		2,049		Construction and land development	1,208		—		—		1,208
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	—		22,437		39		22,476		Commercial and industrial	—		6,976		206		7,182
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	—		—		4		4		Consumer and other	—		—		—		—
Total	Total	$	51,812	$	22,437	$	43	$	74,292	Total	$	28,531	$	6,976	$	206	$	35,713

The table below presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing interest at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Also presented is the balance of loans on nonaccrual status at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 for which there was no related allowance for credit losses recorded (in thousands):
September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Total nonaccrual loans Nonaccrual loans with no allowance for credit losses Loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing Total nonaccrual loans Nonaccrual loans with no allowance for credit losses Loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied $ 2,134 $ — $ 306 $ 10,231 $ 5,985 $ —
Non-owner occupied 1,901 — — 5,219 1,522 —
Consumer real estate – mortgage 18,808 — 549 22,191 — 273
Construction and land development 1,645 — — 1,953 — —
Commercial and industrial 22,182 17,538 812 34,238 29,030 1,785
Consumer and other 22 — 247 4 — 304
Total $ 46,692 $ 17,538 $ 1,914 $ 73,836 $ 36,537 $ 2,362

~~Table of Contents~~


	September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Total nonaccrual loans		Nonaccrual loans with no allowance for credit losses		Loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing		Total nonaccrual loans		Nonaccrual loans with no allowance for credit losses		Loans past due 90 or more days and still accruing
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	$	2,417	$	—	$	—	$	2,694	$	—	$	—
Non-owner occupied	1,244		1,040		—		1,404		—		—
Consumer real estate – mortgage	14,691		—		—		10,264		—		144
Construction and land development	103		—		—		356		—		—
Commercial and industrial	15,660		231		5,973		16,849		13,188		1,091
Consumer and other	—		—		784		2		—		372
Total	$	34,115	$	1,271	$	6,757	$	31,569	$	13,188	$	1,607

Pinnacle Financial's policy is the accrual of interest income will be discontinued when (1) there is a significant deterioration in the financial condition of the borrower and full repayment of principal and interest is not expected or (2) the principal or interest is more than 90 days past due, unless the loan is both well secured and in the process of collection. As such, at the date loans are placed on nonaccrual status, Pinnacle Financial reverses all previously accrued interest income against current year earnings. Pinnacle Financial's policy is once a loan is placed on nonaccrual status each subsequent payment is reviewed on a case-by-case basis to determine if the payment should be applied to interest or principal pursuant to regulatory guidelines. Pinnacle Financial recognized no interest income from cash payments received on nonaccrual loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Had these loans been on accruing status, an additional ~~$689,000~~$240,000 and ~~$2.1 million~~$864,000 of interest income would have been recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to an additional ~~$910,000~~$689,000 and $2.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Approximately ~~$26.0~~$18.4 million and ~~$51.7~~$15.5 million of nonaccrual loans were performing pursuant to their contractual terms as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

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At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were ~~$2.4~~$2.2 million and ~~$2.5~~$2.4 million, respectively, of troubled debt restructurings that were performing as of their restructure date and which were accruing interest. Troubled commercial loans are restructured by specialists within Pinnacle Bank's Special Assets Group, and all restructurings are approved by committees and/or credit officers separate and apart from the normal loan approval process. These specialists are charged with reducing Pinnacle Financial's overall risk and exposure to loss in the event of a restructuring by obtaining some or all of the following: improved documentation, additional guaranties, increase in curtailments, reduction in collateral release terms, additional collateral or other similar strategies.

There were no troubled debt restructurings made during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. During the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, there were no troubled debt restructurings that subsequently defaulted within twelve months of the restructuring. ~~The following table outlines the amount of each loan category where troubled debt restructurings were made during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 (in thousands):~~
September 30, 2020
Number
of contracts Pre Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment Post Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment, net of related allowance
Consumer real estate – mortgage 1 $ 807 $ 807

Pinnacle Financial analyzes its commercial loan portfolio to determine if a concentration of credit risk exists to any industries. Pinnacle Financial utilizes broadly accepted industry classification systems in order to classify borrowers into various industry classifications. Pinnacle Financial has a credit exposure (loans outstanding plus unfunded lines of credit) exceeding 25% of Pinnacle Bank's total risk-based capital to borrowers in the following industries at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 with the comparative exposures for December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


		September 30, 2021									September 30, 2022
		Outstanding Principal Balances		Unfunded Commitments		Total exposure		Total Exposure at December 31, 2020			Outstanding Principal Balances		Unfunded Commitments		Total exposure		Total Exposure at December 31, 2021
Lessors of nonresidential buildings	Lessors of nonresidential buildings	$	3,694,063	$	1,366,385	$	5,060,448	$	4,442,712	Lessors of nonresidential buildings	$	4,737,130	$	2,133,341	$	6,870,471	$	5,368,638
Lessors of residential buildings	Lessors of residential buildings	1,377,334		923,992		2,301,326		2,126,246		Lessors of residential buildings	1,678,815		1,804,455		3,483,270		2,566,352
Hotels (except Casino Hotels) and Motels		936,734		53,999		990,733		1,039,259
New Housing For-Sale Builders		542,968		893,927		1,436,895		1,124,302

New housing for-sale builders										New housing for-sale builders	724,818		1,108,631		1,833,449		1,534,789

Among other data, Pinnacle Financial monitors two ratios regarding construction and commercial real estate lending as part of its concentration management processes. Both ratios are calculated by dividing certain types of loan balances for each of the two categories by Pinnacle Bank’s total risk-based capital. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, Pinnacle Bank’s construction and land development loans as a percentage of total risk-based capital were ~~89.3%~~85.4% and ~~89.0%~~79.1%, respectively. Non-owner occupied commercial real estate and multifamily loans (including construction and land development loans) as a percentage of total risk-based capital were ~~252.4%~~244.0% and ~~264.0%~~234.1% as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Banking regulations have established guidelines for the construction ratio of less than 100% of total risk-based capital and for the non-owner occupied ratio of less than 300% of total risk-based capital. When a bank’s ratios are in excess of one or both of these guidelines, banking regulations generally require an increased level of monitoring in these lending areas by bank management. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank was within the 100% and 300% guidelines and has established what it believes to be appropriate controls to monitor its lending in these areas as it aims to keep the level of these loans below the 100% and 300% thresholds.

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At September 30, 2022, Pinnacle Bank had granted loans and other extensions of credit amounting to approximately $46.9 million to current directors, executive officers, and their related interests, of which $42.5 million had been drawn upon. At December 31, 2021, Pinnacle Bank had granted loans and other extensions of credit amounting to approximately $9.5 million to current directors, executive officers, and their related interests, of which $6.0 million had been drawn upon. At December 31, 2020, Pinnacle Bank had granted loans and other extensions of credit amounting to approximately $10.7$45.2 million to directors, executive officers, and their related interests, of which approximately ~~$6.8~~$14.5 million had been drawn upon. All loans to directors, executive officers, and their related interests were performing in accordance with contractual terms at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Loans Held for Sale

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Financial had approximately ~~$49.1~~$15.4 million in commercial loans held for sale compared to ~~$31.2~~$17.7 million at December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, which primarily included commercial real estate and apartment loans originated for sale to a third-party as part of a multi-family loan program. Such loans are closed under a pass-through commitment structure wherein Pinnacle Bank's loan commitment to the borrower is the same as the third party's take-out commitment to Pinnacle Bank and the third party purchase typically occurs within thirty days of Pinnacle Bank closing with the borrowers.

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Financial had approximately ~~$42.0~~$17.7 million of mortgage loans held-for-sale compared to approximately ~~$67.8~~$30.3 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Total mortgage loan volumes sold during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 and~~2022 were approximately $691.7 million compared to approximately $1.3 billion for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020 were approximately $1.3 billion.~~2021. During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Financial recognized ~~$7.8~~$1.1 million and ~~$28.2~~$7.3 million,

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respectively, in gains on the sale of these loans, net of commissions paid, compared to ~~$19.5~~$7.8 million and ~~$47.7~~$28.2 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021.

These residential mortgage loans held-for-sale are originated internally and are primarily to borrowers in Pinnacle Bank's geographic markets. These sales are typically on a mandatory basis to investors that follow conventional government sponsored entities (GSE) and the Department of Housing and Urban Development/U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (HUD/VA) guidelines.

Each purchaser of a residential mortgage loan held-for-sale has specific guidelines and criteria for sellers of loans and the risk of credit loss with regard to the principal amount of the loans sold is generally transferred to the purchasers upon sale. While the loans are sold without recourse, the purchase agreements require Pinnacle Bank to make certain representations and warranties regarding the existence and sufficiency of file documentation and the absence of fraud by borrowers or other third parties such as appraisers in connection with obtaining the loan. If it is determined that the loans sold were in breach of these representations or warranties, Pinnacle Bank has obligations to either repurchase the loan for the unpaid principal balance and related investor fees or make the purchaser whole for the economic benefits of the loan. To date, Pinnacle Bank's liability pursuant to the terms of these representations and warranties has been insignificant to Pinnacle Bank.

Note 5. Income Taxes

ASC 740, Income Taxes, defines the threshold for recognizing the benefits of tax return positions in the financial statements as "more-likely-than-not" to be sustained by the taxing authority. This section also provides guidance on the derecognition, measurement and classification of income tax uncertainties, along with any related interest and penalties, and includes guidance concerning accounting for income tax uncertainties in interim periods.

The unrecognized tax benefit related to uncertain tax positions related to state income tax filings was ~~$9.7~~$12.7 million at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. No change was recorded to the unrecognized tax benefit related to uncertain tax positions in each of the three and nine month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021.

Pinnacle Financial's policy is to recognize interest and/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. ~~For~~No interest and penalties were recorded during the three months ended September 30, 2022. Pinnacle Financial recognized $264,000 in interest and penalties during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. No interest and penalties were recorded in the income statement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Pinnacle Financial's effective tax rate for both the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 and 2020, respectively, there were no interest and penalties recorded in the income statement.~~

~~Pinnacle Financial's effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021~~2022 was 19.1%, compared to 19.4% and 18.9%~~, respectively, compared to 19.3% and 15.2%~~, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. The difference between the effective tax rate and the federal and state income tax statutory rate of 26.14% at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 is primarily due to investments in bank qualified municipal securities, tax benefits of Pinnacle Bank's real estate investment trust subsidiary, participation in the Tennessee Community Investment Tax Credit (CITC) program, and tax benefits associated with share-based compensation, bank-owned life insurance and Pinnacle Financial's captive insurance subsidiary, offset in part by the limitation on deductibility of meals and entertainment expense, non-deductible FDIC premiums and non-deductible executive compensation.

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Income tax expense is also impacted by the vesting of equity-based awards and the exercise of employee stock options, which expense or benefit is recorded as a discrete item as a component of total income tax, the amount of which is dependent upon the change in the grant date fair value and the vest date fair value of the underlying award. ~~Accordingly, for~~For the three ~~and~~months ended September 30, 2022, Pinnacle Financial recognized no excess tax benefits or expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, we~~2022, Pinnacle Financial recognized excess tax benefits of $2.9 million. Comparatively, Pinnacle Financial recognized excess tax benefits of $334,000 and $2.2 million, respectively, ~~compared to tax expense of $85,000 and tax benefits of $505,000, respectively,~~ for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, income tax expense was also meaningfully impacted by provision for credit losses, including provision for credit losses resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, which was recorded as a discrete item as a component of total income tax and contributed to a tax benefit of $22.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.2021.

Note 6. Commitments and Contingent Liabilities

In the normal course of business, Pinnacle Financial has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments which include commitments to extend credit (i.e., including unfunded lines of credit) and standby letters of credit. Commitments to extend credit are usually the result of lines of credit granted to existing borrowers under agreements that the total outstanding indebtedness will not exceed a specific amount during the term of the indebtedness. Typical borrowers are commercial concerns that use lines of credit to supplement their treasury management functions, thus their total outstanding indebtedness may fluctuate during any time period based on the seasonality of their business and the resultant timing of their cash flows. Other typical lines of credit are related to home equity loans granted to consumers. Commitments to extend credit generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may

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require payment of a fee. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, these commitments amounted to ~~$11.4~~$15.5 billion, of which approximately ~~$1.3~~$1.6 billion related to home equity lines of credit.

Standby letters of credit are generally issued on behalf of an applicant (customer) to a specifically named beneficiary and are the result of a particular business arrangement that exists between the applicant and the beneficiary. Standby letters of credit have fixed expiration dates and are usually for terms of two years or less unless terminated beforehand due to criteria specified in the standby letter of credit. A typical arrangement involves the applicant routinely being indebted to the beneficiary for such items as inventory purchases, insurance, utilities, lease guarantees or other third party commercial transactions. The standby letter of credit would permit the beneficiary to obtain payment from Pinnacle Financial under certain prescribed circumstances. Subsequently, Pinnacle Financial would then seek reimbursement from the applicant pursuant to the terms of the standby letter of credit. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, these commitments amounted to ~~$242.3~~$333.3 million.

Pinnacle Financial typically follows the same credit policies and underwriting practices when making these commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments. Each customer's creditworthiness is typically evaluated on a case-by-case basis, and the amount of collateral obtained, if any, is based on management's credit evaluation of the customer. Collateral held varies but may include cash, real estate and improvements, marketable securities, accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and personal property.

The contractual amounts of these commitments are not reflected in the consolidated financial statements and only amounts drawn upon would be reflected in the future. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the contractual amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. However, should the commitments be drawn upon and should Pinnacle Bank's customers default on their resulting obligation to Pinnacle Bank, the maximum exposure to credit loss, without consideration of collateral, is represented by the contractual amount of those commitments. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, Pinnacle Financial had accrued ~~$22.5~~reserves of $24.5 million and ~~$23.2~~$22.5 million, respectively, for the inherent risks associated with these off-balance sheet commitments.

Various legal claims also arise from time to time in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, the resolutions of these claims outstanding at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 are not expected to have a material adverse impact on Pinnacle Financial's consolidated financial condition, operating results or cash flows.

Note 7. Stock Options and Restricted Shares

Pinnacle Financial's Amended and Restated 2018 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the "2018 Plan") permits Pinnacle Financial to reissue outstanding awards that are subsequently forfeited, settled in cash, withheld by Pinnacle Financial to cover withholding taxes or expire unexercised and returned to the 2018 Plan. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, there were approximately ~~1.9~~1.4 million shares available for issuance under the 2018 Plan.

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Upon the acquisition of CapitalMark, Pinnacle Financial assumed approximately 858,000 stock options under the CapitalMark Option Plan. No further awards remain available for issuance under the CapitalMark Option Plan. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, all of the options remaining outstanding under any equity incentive plan of Pinnacle Financial were granted under the CapitalMark Option Plan.

Common Stock Options

A summary of the stock option activity within the equity incentive plans during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and information regarding, contractual terms remaining, intrinsic values and other matters is as follows:


		Number	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Contractual Remaining Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000's)				Number	Weighted-Average Exercise Price		Weighted-Average Contractual Remaining Term (in years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000's)
Outstanding at December 31, 2020		101,769	$	23.46	1.86	$	4,169	(1)
Outstanding at December 31, 2021									Outstanding at December 31, 2021	56,147	$	24.51	1.19	$	3,985	(1)
Granted	Granted	—							Granted	—
Exercised	Exercised	(31,451)							Exercised	(14,000)
Forfeited	Forfeited	(497)							Forfeited	—
Outstanding at September 30, 2021		69,821	$	23.97	1.28	$	4,895	(2)
Options exercisable at September 30, 2021		69,821	$	23.97	1.28	$	4,895	(2)
Outstanding at September 30, 2022									Outstanding at September 30, 2022	42,147	$	25.00	0.57	$	2,364	(2)
Options exercisable at September 30, 2022									Options exercisable at September 30, 2022	42,147	$	25.00	0.57	$	2,364	(2)

(1)The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the quoted closing price of Pinnacle Financial common stock of ~~$64.40~~$95.50 per common share at December 31, ~~2020~~2021 for the ~~101,769~~56,147 options that were in-the-money at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

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(2)The aggregate intrinsic value is calculated as the difference between the exercise price of the underlying awards and the quoted closing price of Pinnacle Financial common stock of ~~$94.08~~$81.10 per common share at ~~September~~Sept. 30, ~~2021~~2022 for the ~~69,821~~42,147 options that were in-the-money at ~~September~~Sept. 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

Compensation costs related to stock options granted under Pinnacle Financial's equity incentive plans have been fully recognized and all outstanding option awards are fully vested.

Restricted Share Awards

A summary of activity for unvested restricted share awards for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 is as follows:


		Number	Grant Date Weighted-Average Cost			Number	Grant Date Weighted-Average Cost
Unvested at December 31, 2020		594,669	$	56.97
Unvested at December 31, 2021					Unvested at December 31, 2021	613,335	$	64.93
Shares awarded	Shares awarded	225,481			Shares awarded	238,305
Restrictions lapsed and shares released to associates/directors	Restrictions lapsed and shares released to associates/directors	(179,410)			Restrictions lapsed and shares released to associates/directors	(172,117)
Shares forfeited	Shares forfeited	(30,912)			Shares forfeited	(31,011)
Unvested at September 30, 2021		609,828	$	63.35
Unvested at September 30, 2022					Unvested at September 30, 2022	648,512	$	77.56

Pinnacle Financial has granted restricted share awards to associates and outside directors with a time-based vesting criteria. Compensation expense associated with time-based vesting restricted share awards is recognized over the time period that the restrictions associated with the awards lapse on a straight-line basis based on the total cost of the award. The following table outlines restricted stock grants that were made, grouped by similar vesting criteria, during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. The table reflects the life-to-date activity for these awards:


Grant year	Grant year	Group (1)	Vesting period in years			Shares awarded	Restrictions lapsed and shares released to participants	Shares withheld for taxes by participants	Shares forfeited by participants (4)	Shares unvested	Grant year	Group (1)	Vesting period in years		Shares awarded	Restrictions lapsed and shares released to participants	Shares withheld for taxes by participants	Shares forfeited by participants (4)	Shares unvested
Time Based Awards	Time Based Awards										Time Based Awards
2021		Associates (2)	3	-	5	213,651	139	92	11,248	202,172
2022											2022	Associates (2)		5	228,825	59	55	6,835	221,876
Outside Director Awards (3)	Outside Director Awards (3)										Outside Director Awards (3)
2021		Outside directors			1	11,830	—	—	—	11,830
2022											2022	Outside directors		1	9,480	—	—	—	9,480

(1)Groups include employees (referred to as associates above) and outside directors. When the restricted shares are awarded, a participant receives voting rights and forfeitable dividend rights with respect to the shares, but is not able to transfer the shares until the restrictions have lapsed. Once the restrictions lapse,

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the participant is taxed on the value of the award and may elect to sell some shares (or have Pinnacle Financial withhold some shares) to pay the applicable income taxes associated with the award. Alternatively, the recipient can pay the withholding taxes in cash. For time-based vesting restricted share awards, dividends paid on shares for which the forfeiture restrictions do not lapse will be recouped by Pinnacle Financial at the time of termination. For awards to Pinnacle Financial's directors, dividends are placed into escrow until the forfeiture restrictions on such shares lapse.

(2)The forfeiture restrictions on these restricted share awards lapse in equal annual installments on the anniversary date of the grant.

(3)Restricted share awards are issued to the outside members of the board of directors in accordance with their board compensation plan. Restrictions lapse on March 1, ~~2022~~2023 based on each individual board member meeting attendance goals for the various board and board committee meetings to which each member was scheduled to attend.

(4)These shares represent forfeitures resulting from recipients whose employment or board membership was terminated during the year-to-date period ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. Any dividends paid on shares for which the forfeiture restrictions do not lapse will be recouped by Pinnacle Financial at the time of termination or will not be distributed from escrow, as applicable.

Restricted Stock Unit Awards

~~In 2021,~~

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A summary of activity for unvested restricted stock units for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is as follows:


	Number	Grant Date Weighted-Average Cost
Unvested at December 31, 2021	56,368	$	71.22
Shares awarded	38,133
Restrictions lapsed and shares released to associates/directors	(18,897)
Shares forfeited	(1,621)
Unvested at September 30, 2022	73,983	$	88.21

Pinnacle Financial ~~granted~~grants restricted stock units to its Named Executive Officers (NEOs) and leadership team members with time-based vesting criteria. Compensation expense associated with time-based vesting restricted stock unit awards is recognized over the time period that the restrictions associated with the awards lapse on a straight-line basis based on the total cost of the award. The following table outlines restricted stock unit grants that were made, grouped by similar vesting criteria, during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. The table reflects the life-to-date activity for these awards:


Grant year	Grant year	Vesting period in years	Shares awarded	Restrictions lapsed and shares released to participants	Shares withheld for taxes by participants	Shares forfeited by participants (1)	Shares unvested	Grant year	Vesting period in years	Shares awarded	Restrictions lapsed and shares released to participants	Shares withheld for taxes by participants	Shares forfeited by participants (1)	Shares unvested
2021		3	56,864	89	39	368	56,368
2022								2022	3	38,133	11	4	503	37,615

(1)These shares represent forfeitures resulting from recipients whose employment was terminated during the year-to-date period ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. Dividend equivalents are held in escrow for award recipients for dividends paid prior to the forfeiture restrictions lapsing. Such dividend equivalents are not released from escrow if an award is forfeited.

Performance Stock Unit Awards

The following table details the performance stock unit awards outstanding at September 30, ~~2021:~~2022:


		Units Awarded									Units Awarded
Grant year	Grant year	NEOs (1)			Leadership Team other than NEOs	Applicable performance periods associated with each tranche (fiscal year)	Service period per tranche (in years)	Subsequent holding period per tranche (in years)	Period in which units to be settled into shares of common stock(2)	Grant year	NEOs (1)			Leadership Team other than NEOs	Applicable performance periods associated with each tranche (fiscal year)	Service period per tranche (in years)	Subsequent holding period per tranche (in years)	Period in which units to be settled into shares of common stock(2)
2021(3)		89,234	—	214,155	45,240	2021-2023	0		2024
2022										2022	56,465	—	135,514	32,320	2022-2024	0		2025
2022										2022	—		230,000	—	2022-2024	0	1	2026
2021										2021	89,234	—	214,155	45,240	2021-2023	0		2024
2020	2020	136,137	—	204,220	59,648	2020	2	3	2025	2020	136,137	—	204,220	59,648	2020	2	3	2025
						2021	2		2025						2021	2		2025
						2022	2	1	2025						2022	2	1	2025
2019	2019	166,211	—	249,343	52,244	2019	2	3	2024	2019	166,211	—	249,343	52,244	2019	2	3	2024
						2020	2		2024						2020	2		2024
						2021	2	1	2024						2021	2	1	2024
2018	2018	96,878	—	145,339	25,990	2018	2	3	2023	2018	96,878	—	145,339	25,990	2018	2	3	2023
						2019	2		2023						2019	2		2023
						2020	2	1	2023						2020	2	1	2023
2017		72,537	—	109,339	24,916	2017	2	3	2022
						2018	2		2022
						2019	2	1	2022

(1)The named executive officers are awarded a range of awards that generally may be earned based on attainment of goals between a target level of performance and a maximum level of performance. The 230,000 performance units awarded to the NEOs in 2022 may be earned based on target level performance and do not include maximum level payout.

(2)Performance stock unit awards granted ~~prior to~~in or after 2021, if earned, will be settled in shares of Pinnacle Financial ~~Common Stock in the periods noted in the table, if Pinnacle Bank's ratio of non-performing assets to its loans plus ORE is less than amounts established in the applicable award agreement.~~

~~(3)Performance~~common stock ~~unit awards granted in 2021, if earned, will be settled in shares of Pinnacle Financial Common Stock~~ in the period noted in the table, if the performance criterion included in the applicable performance unit award agreement are met.

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During the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, the restrictions associated with ~~134,274~~149,893 and ~~129,723~~134,274 performance stock unit awards previously granted ~~in prior years~~ lapsed, based on the terms of the agreement and approval by Pinnacle Financial's Human Resources and Compensation Committee, and were settled into shares of Pinnacle Financial common stock with ~~46,655~~53,125 and ~~43,996~~46,655 shares being withheld to pay the taxes associated with the settlement of those shares.

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Additionally, during the nine months ended September 30, 2021, 199,633 performance stock unit awards granted in prior years were forfeited due to the failure to reach performance targets for the year ended December 31, 2020 as defined in the associated performance stock unit award agreements.

Stock compensation expense related to restricted share awards, restricted stock unit awards and performance stock unit awards for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was $10.7 million and $30.9 million, respectively, compared to $6.8 million and $17.8 ~~million, respectively, compared to $4.4 million and $14.1~~ million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. As of September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the total compensation cost related to unvested restricted share awards, restricted stock unit awards and performance stock unit awards estimated at maximum performance not yet recognized was ~~$52.9~~$85.4 million. This expense, if the underlying units are earned, is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of ~~1.85~~2.05 years.

Note 8. Derivative Instruments

Financial derivatives are reported at fair value in other assets or other liabilities. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a derivative depends on whether it has been designated and qualifies as part of a hedging relationship and classification as either a cash flow hedge or fair value hedge for those derivatives which are designated as part of a hedging relationship.

Non-hedge derivatives

For derivatives not designated as hedges, the gain or loss is recognized in current period earnings. Pinnacle Financial enters into interest rate swaps (swaps) to facilitate customer transactions and meet their financing needs. Upon entering into these instruments to meet customer needs, Pinnacle Financial enters into offsetting positions in order to minimize the risk to Pinnacle Financial. These swaps qualify as derivatives, but are not designated as hedging instruments. The income statement impact of the offsetting positions is limited to changes in the reserve for counterparty credit risk. A summary of Pinnacle Financial's interest rate swaps to facilitate customers' transactions as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 is included in the following table (in thousands):


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value			Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Interest rate swap agreements:	Interest rate swap agreements:									Interest rate swap agreements:
Assets	Assets	$	1,634,589	$	56,797	$	1,565,916	$	101,602	Assets	$	1,645,726	$	41,941	$	1,540,992	$	39,770
Liabilities	Liabilities	1,634,589		(57,487)		1,565,916		(102,919)		Liabilities	1,645,726		(42,378)		1,540,992		(40,241)
Total	Total	$	3,269,178	$	(690)	$	3,131,832	$	(1,317)	Total	$	3,291,452	$	(437)	$	3,081,984	$	(471)

The effects of Pinnacle Financial's interest rate swaps to facilitate customers' transactions on the income statement during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 were as follows (in thousands):
Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
Location of Loss Recognized in Income Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020
Interest rate swap agreements Other noninterest income $ 126 $ (135) $ 627 $ (1,272)


		Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
	Location of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest rate swap agreements	Other noninterest income	$	(207)	$	126	$	34	$	627

Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a cash flow hedge, the aggregate fair value of the derivative instrument is recorded in other assets or other liabilities with any gain or loss related to changes in fair value recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax. The gain or loss is reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged asset or liability affects earnings and is presented in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged asset or liability. Pinnacle Financial uses forward cash flow hedge relationships in an effort to manage future interest rate exposure. ~~A summary of Pinnacle Financial's~~There were no cash flow ~~hedge relationships~~hedges outstanding as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020 is as follows (in thousands):~~

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September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Balance Sheet Location Notional
Amount Estimated
Fair Value Notional
Amount Estimated
Fair Value
Asset derivatives
Interest rate floor Other assets $ — $ — $ 1,500,000 $ 124,585
2021.

The effects of Pinnacle Financial's cash flow hedge relationships on the statement of comprehensive income (loss) during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 were as follows, net of tax (in thousands):

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		Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)									Amount of Loss Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Asset derivatives	Asset derivatives	2021		2020		2021		2020		Asset derivatives	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest rate floor - loans	Interest rate floor - loans	$	—	$	(3,506)	$	(15,034)	$	68,161	Interest rate floor - loans	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(15,034)
Liability derivatives
Interest rate swaps - borrowings		$	—	$	480	$	—	$	(959)
		$	—	$	(3,026)	$	(15,034)	$	67,202

The cash flow hedges were determined to be highly effective during the periods presented and as a result qualify for hedge accounting treatment. If a hedge was deemed to be ineffective, the amount included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) would be reclassified into a line item within the statement of income that impacts operating results. The hedge would no longer be considered effective if a portion of the hedge becomes ineffective, the item hedged is no longer in existence or Pinnacle Financial discontinues hedge accounting. Gains on cash flow hedges totaling ~~$4.3~~$2.5 million and ~~$6.5~~$7.5 million, net of tax, were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, compared to ~~losses~~gains totaling ~~$156,000~~$4.3 million and ~~$1.9~~$6.5 million, net of tax, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. During the second quarter of 2021, loan interest rate floors with a notional amount totaling $1.5 billion and unrealized gains totaling $34.3 million, net of tax, were terminated. These unrealized gains are being amortized into income on a straight line basis through November 2024. Approximately ~~$10.6~~$9.9 million in unrealized gains, net of tax, are expected to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into net income over the next twelve months related to previously terminated cash flow hedges.

In October 2022, Pinnacle Financial paid $95.7 million to purchase interest rate caps and floors with notional amounts totaling approximately $1.8 billion designated as cash flow hedges intended to mitigate the impact of interest rate changes on certain SOFR-based variable rate loans.

Derivatives designated as fair value hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as a fair value hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged asset or liability attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in current earnings. The gain or loss on the derivative instrument is presented on the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged item. Pinnacle Financial utilizes interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges to mitigate the effect of changing interest rates on the fair values of fixed rate callable available-for-sale securities. The hedging strategy converts the fixed interest rates to variable interest rates based on LIBOR, or federal funds ~~rates.~~rates, or SOFR. These derivatives are designated as partial term hedges of selected cash flows covering specified periods of time prior to the call dates of the hedged securities.

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A summary of Pinnacle Financial's fair value hedge relationships as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 is as follows (in thousands):


						September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020									September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
		Balance Sheet Location	Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (In Years)	Weighted Average Pay Rate	Receive Rate	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value			Balance Sheet Location	Weighted Average Remaining Maturity (In Years)	Weighted Average Pay Rate	Receive Rate	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Asset derivatives	Asset derivatives													Asset derivatives
Interest rate swaps - securities	Interest rate swaps - securities	Other assets	5.66	0.54%	Federal Funds	$	464,762	$	11,989	$	231,421	$	4,696	Interest rate swaps - securities	Other assets	7.68	5.07%	3 month LIBOR/ Federal Funds/ SOFR	$	1,420,724	$	107,428	$	559,820	$	15,109
Liability derivatives	Liability derivatives													Liability derivatives
Interest rate swaps - securities	Interest rate swaps - securities	Other liabilities	5.15	2.71%	3 month LIBOR/Federal Funds	$	566,728	$	(48,779)	$	477,510	$	(72,010)	Interest rate swaps - securities	Other liabilities	0.00	—%	N/A	$	—	$	—	$	471,670	$	(39,781)
						$	1,031,490	$	(36,790)	$	708,931	$	(67,314)						$	1,420,724	$	107,428	$	1,031,490	$	(24,672)

Notional amounts of ~~$477.5~~$464.7 million included in the table above as of September 30, 2022 receive a variable rate of interest based on three month LIBOR, ~~and~~ notional amounts totaling ~~$554.0~~$392.2 million as of September 30, 2022 receive a variable rate of interest based on the daily compounded federal funds rate, and notional amounts totaling $563.8 million as of September 30, 2022 receive a variable rate of interest based on the daily compounded secured overnight financing rate.

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The effects of Pinnacle Financial's securities fair value hedge relationships on the income statement during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 were as follows (in thousands):


		Location of Gain (Loss)		Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income									Location of Gain (Loss)			Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
			Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,								Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2021		2020		2021		2020						2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest rate swaps - securities	Interest rate swaps - securities		Interest income on securities		$	3,850	$	4,996	$	30,524	$	(36,436)		Interest rate swaps - securities	Interest income on securities		$	67,917	$	3,850	$	132,100	$	30,524
Securities available-for-sale	Securities available-for-sale		Interest income on securities		$	(3,850)	$	(4,996)	$	(30,524)	$	36,436		Securities available-for-sale	Interest income on securities		$	(67,917)	$	(3,850)	$	(132,100)	$	(30,524)

The following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


		Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets					Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets
		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Line item on the balance sheet	Line item on the balance sheet									Line item on the balance sheet
Securities available-for-sale	Securities available-for-sale	$	1,198,990	$	841,543	$	36,790	$	67,314	Securities available-for-sale	$	1,397,792	$	1,165,773	$	(107,428)	$	24,672

During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, amortization expense totaling ~~$726,000~~$408,000 and ~~$2.6~~$1.6 million, respectively, related to previously terminated fair value hedges was recognized as a reduction to interest income on loans compared to ~~$1.2~~$726,000 and $2.6 million, ~~and $3.3 million~~respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020, respectively.~~

2021.

In April 2022, interest rates swaps designated as fair value hedges with notional amounts totaling $164.3 million and market values totaling $14.3 million were terminated. Approximately $986,000 in gains were recognized at the time of termination and the remaining $12.0 million will be accreted as additional interest income on the previously hedged available-for-sale mortgage backed and municipal securities over the same period as existing purchase discounts or premiums on these securities.

Note 9. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

FASB ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in U.S. GAAP and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. The definition of fair value focuses on the exit price, i.e., the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, not the entry price, i.e., the price that would be paid to acquire the asset or received to assume the liability at the measurement date. The statement emphasizes that fair value is a market-based measurement; not an entity-specific measurement. Therefore, the fair value measurement should be determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

Valuation Hierarchy

FASB ASC 820 establishes a three-level valuation hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. The three levels are defined as follows:

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•Level 1 – inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•Level 2 – inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

•Level 3 – inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

A financial instrument's categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities measured at fair value, as well as the general classification of such assets and liabilities pursuant to the valuation hierarchy.

Assets

Securities available-for-sale – Where quoted prices are available for identical securities in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government securities and certain other

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financial products. If quoted market prices are not available, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models that use observable inputs or quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics and are classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy. In certain cases where there is limited activity or less transparency around inputs to the valuation and more complex pricing models or discounted cash flows are used, securities are classified within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy.

Other investments – Included in other investments are investments recorded at fair value primarily in certain nonpublic investments and funds. The valuation of these nonpublic investments requires management judgment due to the absence of observable quoted market prices, inherent lack of liquidity and the long-term nature of such assets. These investments are valued initially based upon transaction price. The carrying values of other investments are adjusted either upwards or downwards from the transaction price to reflect expected exit values as evidenced by financing and sale transactions with third parties, or when determination of a valuation adjustment is confirmed through financial reports provided by the portfolio managers of the ~~investment.~~investments. A variety of factors are reviewed and monitored to assess positive and negative changes in valuation including, but not limited to, current operating performance and future expectations of the particular investment, industry valuations of comparable public companies and changes in market outlook and the third-party financing environment over time. In determining valuation adjustments resulting from the investment review process, emphasis is placed on current company performance and market conditions. These investments are included in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy if the entities and funds are not widely traded and the underlying investments are in privately-held and/or start-up companies for which market values are not readily available. Certain investments in funds for which the underlying assets of the fund represent publicly traded investments are included in Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

Other assets – Included in other assets are certain assets carried at fair value, including interest rate swap agreements to facilitate customer transactions ~~interest rate floors designated as cash flow hedges,~~ and interest rate locks associated with the mortgage loan pipeline. The carrying amount of interest rate swap agreements is based on Pinnacle Financial's pricing models that utilize observable market inputs. The fair value of the cash flow hedge agreements is determined by calculating the difference between the discounted fixed rate cash flows and the discounted variable rate cash flows. The fair value of the mortgage loan pipeline is based upon the projected sales price of the underlying loans, taking into account market interest rates and other market factors at the measurement date, net of the projected fallout rate. Pinnacle Financial reflects these assets within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy as these assets are valued using similar transactions that occur in the market.

Collateral dependent loans – Collateral dependent loans are measured at the fair value of the collateral securing the loan less estimated selling costs. The fair value of real estate collateral is determined based on real estate appraisals which are generally based on recent sales of comparable properties which are then adjusted for property specific factors. Non-real estate collateral is valued based on various sources, including third party asset valuations and internally determined values based on cost adjusted for depreciation and other judgmentally determined discount factors. Collateral dependent loans are classified within Level 3 of the hierarchy due to the unobservable inputs used in determining their fair value such as collateral values and the borrower's underlying financial condition.

Other real estate owned – Other real estate owned (OREO) represents real estate foreclosed upon by Pinnacle Bank through loan defaults by customers or acquired by deed in lieu of foreclosure. A significant portion of these amounts relate to lots, homes and development projects that are either completed or are in various stages of ~~construction~~completion for which Pinnacle Financial believes it has adequate collateral. Upon foreclosure, the property is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value, based on appraised value, less selling costs estimated as of the date acquired with any loss recognized as a charge-off through the allowance for credit losses. Additional OREO losses for subsequent valuation downward adjustments are determined on a specific property basis and are included as a

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component of noninterest expense along with holding costs. Any gains or losses realized at the time of disposal are also reflected in noninterest expense, as applicable. OREO is included in Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy due to the lack of observable market inputs into the determination of fair value as appraisal values are property-specific and sensitive to the changes in the overall economic environment.

Liabilities

Other liabilities – Pinnacle Financial has certain liabilities carried at fair value including certain interest rate swap agreements to facilitate customer transactions, interest rate swaps designated as fair value ~~and cash flow~~ hedges, and interest rate locks associated with the funding for its mortgage loan originations. The fair value of these liabilities is based on Pinnacle Financial's pricing models that utilize observable market inputs and is reflected within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy.

The following tables present financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, by caption on the consolidated balance sheets and by FASB ASC 820 valuation hierarchy (as described above) (in thousands):
Total carrying value in the consolidated balance sheet Quoted market prices in an active market
(Level 1) Models with significant observable market parameters
(Level 2) Models with significant unobservable market parameters
(Level 3)
September 30, 2021
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 144,157 $ — $ 144,157 $ —
U.S. government agency securities 422,055 — 422,055 —
Mortgage-backed securities 1,967,981 — 1,967,981 —
State and municipal securities 1,759,648 — 1,758,776 872
Agency-backed securities 220,197 — 220,197 —
Corporate notes and other 120,615 — 120,615 —
Total investment securities available-for-sale 4,634,653 — 4,633,781 872
Other investments 119,647 — 25,206 94,441
Other assets 73,230 — 73,230 —
Total assets at fair value $ 4,827,530 $ — $ 4,732,217 $ 95,313
Other liabilities $ 105,953 $ — $ 105,953 $ —
Total liabilities at fair value $ 105,953 $ — $ 105,953 $ —
December 31, 2020
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities $ 82,209 $ — $ 82,209 $ —
U.S. government agency securities 76,403 — 76,403 —
Mortgage-backed securities 1,689,191 — 1,689,191 —
State and municipal securities 1,443,363 — 1,427,866 15,497
Agency-backed securities 177,936 — 177,936 —
Corporate notes and other 117,579 — 117,579 —
Total investment securities available-for-sale 3,586,681 — 3,571,184 15,497
Other investments 73,395 — 25,636 47,759
Other assets 242,470 — 242,470 —
Total assets at fair value $ 3,902,546 $ — $ 3,839,290 $ 63,256
Other liabilities $ 177,025 $ — $ 177,025 $ —
Total liabilities at fair value $ 177,025 $ — $ 177,025 $ —

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	Total carrying value in the consolidated balance sheet		Quoted market prices in an active market (Level 1)		Models with significant observable market parameters (Level 2)		Models with significant unobservable market parameters (Level 3)
September 30, 2022
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	206,000	$	—	$	206,000	$	—
U.S. Government agency securities	406,938		—		406,938		—
Mortgage-backed securities	1,329,528		—		1,329,528		—
State and municipal securities	1,349,584		—		1,348,954		630
Agency-backed securities	148,641		—		148,641		—
Corporate notes and other	101,910		—		101,910		—
Total investment securities available-for-sale	3,542,601		—		3,541,971		630
Other investments	147,165		—		21,986		125,179
Other assets	211,183		—		211,183		—
Total assets at fair value	$	3,900,949	$	—	$	3,775,140	$	125,809

Other liabilities	$	103,684	$	—	$	103,684	$	—
Total liabilities at fair value	$	103,684	$	—	$	103,684	$	—

December 31, 2021
Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	193,609	$	—	$	193,609	$	—
U.S. Government agency securities	632,009		—		632,009		—
Mortgage-backed securities	1,920,239		—		1,920,239		—
State and municipal securities	1,823,837		—		1,823,009		828
Agency-backed securities	229,569		—		229,569		—
Corporate notes and other	114,931		—		114,931		—
Total investment securities available-for-sale	4,914,194		—		4,913,366		828
Other investments	125,969		—		24,973		100,996
Other assets	57,441		—		57,441		—
Total assets at fair value	$	5,097,604	$	—	$	4,995,780	$	101,824

Other liabilities	$	80,106	$	—	$	80,106	$	—
Total liabilities at fair value	$	80,106	$	—	$	80,106	$	—

The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


September 30, 2021		Total carrying value in the consolidated balance sheet		Quoted market prices in an active market (Level 1)		Models with significant observable market parameters (Level 2)		Models with significant unobservable market parameters (Level 3)
September 30, 2022										September 30, 2022	Total carrying value in the consolidated balance sheet		Quoted market prices in an active market (Level 1)		Models with significant observable market parameters (Level 2)		Models with significant unobservable market parameters (Level 3)
Other real estate owned	Other real estate owned	$	8,415	$	—	$	—	$	8,415	Other real estate owned	$	7,787	$	—	$	—	$	7,787

Collateral dependent loans (1)	Collateral dependent loans (1)	39,969		—		—		39,969		Collateral dependent loans (1)	34,097		—		—		34,097
Total	Total	$	48,384	$	—	$	—	$	48,384	Total	$	41,884	$	—	$	—	$	41,884

December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021										December 31, 2021
Other real estate owned	Other real estate owned	$	12,360	$	—	$	—	$	12,360	Other real estate owned	$	8,537	$	—	$	—	$	8,537
Collateral dependent loans (1)	Collateral dependent loans (1)	43,795		—		—		43,795		Collateral dependent loans (1)	30,799		—		—		30,799
Total	Total	$	56,155	$	—	$	—	$	56,155	Total	$	39,336	$	—	$	—	$	39,336

(1) The carrying values of collateral dependent loans at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 are net of valuation allowances of ~~$1.9~~$9.6 million and ~~$3.5~~$1.7 million, respectively.

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In the case of the available-for-sale investment securities portfolio, Pinnacle Financial monitors the portfolio to ascertain when transfers between levels have been affected. The nature of the remaining assets and liabilities is such that transfers in and out of any level are expected to be rare. For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, there were no transfers between Levels 1, 2 or 3.

The table below includes a rollforward of the balance sheet amounts for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~September 30, 2020~~2021 (including the change in fair value) for financial instruments classified by Pinnacle Financial within Level 3 of the valuation hierarchy measured at fair value on a recurring basis including changes in fair value due in part to observable factors that are part of the valuation methodology (in thousands):


		For the Three months ended September 30,									For the Nine months ended September 30,					For the Three months ended September 30,									For the Nine months ended September 30,
		2021				2020					2021	2020				2022					2021				2022		2021
		Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments			Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments			Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments			Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments				Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments		Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments		Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments		Available-for-sale Securities		Other investments
Fair value, beginning of period	Fair value, beginning of period	$	840	$	78,755		$	15,295	$	40,612		$	15,497	$	47,759		$	15,903	$	38,156		Fair value, beginning of period	$	656	$	121,611	$	840	$	78,755	$	828	$	100,996	$	15,497	$	47,759
Total realized gains included in income	Total realized gains included in income	2		8,603			27		456			1,300		19,000			82		4			Total realized gains included in income	2		725		2		8,603		5		9,104		1,300		19,000
Changes in unrealized gains/losses included in other comprehensive income	Changes in unrealized gains/losses included in other comprehensive income	30		—			151		—			(3,138)		—			631		—			Changes in unrealized gains/losses included in other comprehensive income	(28)		—		30		—		(45)		—		(3,138)		—
Purchases	Purchases	—		10,974			—		1,095			—		36,530			—		4,822			Purchases	—		8,481		—		10,974		—		27,244		—		36,530
Issuances	Issuances	—		—			—		—			—		—			—		—			Issuances	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Settlements	Settlements	—		(3,891)			—		(957)			(12,787)		(8,848)			(1,143)		(1,776)			Settlements	—		(5,638)		—		(3,891)		(158)		(12,165)		(12,787)		(8,848)
Transfers out of Level 3	Transfers out of Level 3	—		—			—		—			—		—			—		—			Transfers out of Level 3	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Fair value, end of period	Fair value, end of period	$	872	$	94,441		$	15,473	$	41,206		$	872	$	94,441		$	15,473	$	41,206		Fair value, end of period	$	630	$	125,179	$	872	$	94,441	$	630	$	125,179	$	872	$	94,441
Total realized gains included in income	Total realized gains included in income	$	2	$	8,603		$	27	$	456		$	1,300	$	19,000		$	82	$	4		Total realized gains included in income	$	2	$	725	$	2	$	8,603	$	5	$	9,104	$	1,300	$	19,000

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The following tables present the carrying amounts, estimated fair value and placement in the fair value hierarchy of Pinnacle Financial's financial instruments at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. This table excludes financial instruments for which the carrying amount approximates fair value. For short-term financial assets such as cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization. For financial liabilities such as non-interest bearing demand, interest-bearing demand, and savings deposits, the carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to these products having no stated maturity (in thousands):


		Carrying/ Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value (1)		Quoted market prices in an active market (Level 1)		Models with significant observable market parameters (Level 2)		Models with significant unobservable market parameters (Level 3)			Carrying/ Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value (1)		Quoted market prices in an active market (Level 1)		Models with significant observable market parameters (Level 2)		Models with significant unobservable market parameters (Level 3)
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022												September 30, 2022
Financial assets:	Financial assets:											Financial assets:
Securities purchased with agreement to resell	Securities purchased with agreement to resell	$	500,000	$	486,315	$	—	$	—	$	486,315	Securities purchased with agreement to resell	$	528,999	$	862,339	$	—	$	—	$	862,339
Securities held-to-maturity	Securities held-to-maturity	989,237		1,014,407		—		1,014,407		—		Securities held-to-maturity	2,938,417		2,520,970		—		2,520,970		—
Loans, net	Loans, net	22,789,826		22,804,075		—		—		22,804,075		Loans, net	27,423,606		26,257,545		—		—		26,257,545
Consumer loans held-for-sale	Consumer loans held-for-sale	55,273		55,763		—		55,763		—		Consumer loans held-for-sale	45,509		45,022		—		45,022		—
Commercial loans held-for-sale	Commercial loans held-for-sale	49,121		49,556		—		49,556		—		Commercial loans held-for-sale	15,413		15,248		—		15,248		—

Financial liabilities:	Financial liabilities:											Financial liabilities:
Deposits and securities sold under	Deposits and securities sold under											Deposits and securities sold under
agreements to repurchase	agreements to repurchase	29,518,047		28,558,710		—		—		28,558,710		agreements to repurchase	33,880,603		32,779,483		—		—		32,779,483
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	Federal Home Loan Bank advances	888,493		938,917		—		—		938,917		Federal Home Loan Bank advances	889,248		1,074,943		—		—		1,074,943
Subordinated debt and other borrowings	Subordinated debt and other borrowings	542,712		531,587		—		—		531,587		Subordinated debt and other borrowings	423,834		440,875		—		—		440,875

Off-balance sheet instruments:	Off-balance sheet instruments:											Off-balance sheet instruments:
Commitments to extend credit (2)	Commitments to extend credit (2)	11,627,405		24,255		—		—		24,255		Commitments to extend credit (2)	15,841,847		26,270		—		—		26,270

December 31, 2020
Financial assets:
Securities held-to-maturity		$	1,028,359	$	1,066,531	$	—	$	1,066,531	$	—
Loans, net		22,139,451		22,407,546		—		—		22,407,546
Consumer loans held-for-sale		87,821		89,625		—		89,625		—
Commercial loans held-for-sale		31,200		31,841		—		31,841		—

Financial liabilities:
Deposits and securities sold under
agreements to repurchase		27,833,739		26,929,142		—		—		26,929,142
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		1,087,927		1,189,035		—		—		1,189,035
Subordinated debt and other borrowings		670,575		677,521		—		—		677,521

Off-balance sheet instruments:
Commitments to extend credit (2)		9,692,607		24,887		—		—		24,887

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	Carrying/ Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value (1)		Quoted market prices in an active market (Level 1)		Models with significant observable market parameters (Level 2)		Models with significant unobservable market parameters (Level 3)

December 31, 2021
Financial assets:
Securities purchased with agreement to resell	$	1,000,000	$	980,543	$	—	$	—	$	980,543
Securities held-to-maturity	1,155,958		1,188,049		—		1,188,049		—
Loans, net	23,151,029		23,223,299		—		—		23,223,299
Consumer loans held-for-sale	45,806		46,288		—		46,288		—
Commercial loans held-for-sale	17,685		17,871		—		17,871		—

Financial liabilities:
Deposits and securities sold under
agreements to repurchase	31,457,092		30,812,222		—		—		30,812,222
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	888,681		1,006,866		—		—		1,006,866
Subordinated debt and other borrowings	423,172		479,879		—		—		479,879

Off-balance sheet instruments:
Commitments to extend credit (2)	13,063,942		24,351		—		—		24,351

(1)Estimated fair values are consistent with an exit-price concept. The assumptions used to estimate the fair values are intended to approximate those that a market-participant would realize in a hypothetical orderly transaction.

(2)At the end of each quarter, Pinnacle Financial evaluates the inherent risks of the outstanding off-balance sheet commitments, including both commitments for unfunded loans and standby letters of credit. In making this evaluation, Pinnacle Financial utilizes credit loss expectations on funded loans from our allowance for credit losses methodology and evaluates the probability that the outstanding commitment will eventually become a funded loan. As a result, at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, Pinnacle Financial included in other liabilities ~~$22.5~~$24.5 million and ~~$23.2~~$22.5 million, respectively, representing expected credit losses on off-balance sheet commitments, which are reflected in the estimated fair values of the related commitments. Also included in the fair values at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 are unamortized fees related to these commitments of $1.8 million and ~~$1.7~~$1.9 million, respectively.

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Note 10. Regulatory Matters

Pursuant to Tennessee banking law, Pinnacle Bank may not, without the prior consent of the Commissioner of the Tennessee Department of Financial Institutions (TDFI), pay any dividends to Pinnacle Financial in a calendar year in excess of the total of Pinnacle Bank's retained net income for that year plus the retained net income for the preceding two years. Under Tennessee corporate law, Pinnacle Financial is not permitted to pay dividends if, after giving effect to such payment, it would not be able to pay its debts as they become due in the usual course of business or its total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus any amounts needed to satisfy any preferential rights if it were dissolving. In addition, in deciding whether or not to declare a dividend of any particular size, Pinnacle Financial's board of directors must consider its and Pinnacle Bank's current and prospective capital, liquidity, and other needs. In addition to state law limitations on Pinnacle Financial's ability to pay dividends, the Federal Reserve imposes limitations on Pinnacle Financial's ability to pay dividends. Federal Reserve regulations limit dividends, stock repurchases and discretionary bonuses to executive officers if Pinnacle Financial's regulatory capital is below the level of regulatory minimums plus the applicable 2.5% capital conservation buffer.

In addition, the Federal Reserve has issued supervisory guidance advising bank holding companies to eliminate, defer or reduce dividends paid on common stock and other forms of Tier 1 capital where the company’s net income available to shareholders for the past four quarters, net of dividends previously paid during that period, is not sufficient to fully fund the dividends, the company’s prospective rate of earnings retention is not consistent with the company’s capital needs and overall current and prospective financial condition or the company will not meet, or is in danger of not meeting, minimum regulatory capital adequacy ratios. Recent supplements to this guidance reiterate the need for bank holding companies to inform their applicable reserve bank sufficiently in advance of the proposed payment of a dividend in certain circumstances.

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During the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank paid ~~$66.5~~$75.0 million of dividends to Pinnacle Financial. As of September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank could pay approximately ~~$773.1~~$929.1 million of additional dividends to Pinnacle Financial without prior approval of the Commissioner of the TDFI. Since the fourth quarter of 2013, Pinnacle Financial has paid a quarterly common stock dividend. The board of directors of Pinnacle Financial has increased the dividend amount per share over time. The most recent increase occurred on January ~~19, 2021,~~18, 2022 when the board of directors increased the dividend to ~~$0.18~~$0.22 per common share from ~~$0.16~~$0.18 per common share. During the second quarter of 2020, ~~the~~ Pinnacle Financial issued 9.0 million depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th fractional interest in a share of Series B noncumulative, perpetual preferred stock (the "Series B Preferred Stock") in a registered public offering to both retail and institutional investors. Beginning in the third quarter of 2020, Pinnacle Financial began paying a quarterly dividend of $16.88 per share (or $0.422 per depositary share), on the Series B Preferred Stock.

The amount and timing of all future dividend payments by Pinnacle Financial, if any, including dividends on Pinnacle Financial's Series B Preferred Stock (and associated depositary shares), is subject to discretion of Pinnacle Financial's board of directors and will depend on Pinnacle Financial's receipt of dividends from Pinnacle Bank, earnings, capital position, financial condition and other factors, including regulatory capital requirements, as they become known to Pinnacle Financial and receipt of any regulatory approvals that may become required as a result of each of Pinnacle Financial's or Pinnacle Bank's financial results.

Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory, and possibly additional discretionary, actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle Bank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require Pinnacle Financial and its banking subsidiary to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets, total risk-based capital to risk-weighted assets and Tier 1 capital to average assets.

As permitted by the interim final rule issued on March 27, 2020 by the federal banking regulatory agencies, each of Pinnacle Bank and Pinnacle Financial has elected the option to delay the estimated impact on regulatory capital of Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle Bank's adoption of ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”, which was effective January 1, 2020. The initial impact of adoption of ASU 2016-13, as well as 25% of the quarterly changes in the allowance for credit losses subsequent to adoption of ASU 2016-13 (collectively the “transition adjustments”), ~~will be~~was delayed until December 31, 2021. ~~After that date,~~As of January 1, 2022, the cumulative amount of the transition adjustments ~~will become~~became fixed and will be phased out of the regulatory capital calculations evenly over a three year period, with 75% recognized in

~~Table of Contents~~

2022, 50% recognized in 2023 and 25% recognized in 2024. Beginning on January 1, 2025, the temporary regulatory capital benefits will be fully reversed.

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Management believes, as of September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, that Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. To be categorized as well-capitalized under applicable banking regulations, Pinnacle Bank must maintain certain total risk-based, Tier 1 risk-based, common equity Tier 1 and Tier 1 leverage ratios as set forth in the following table and not be subject to a written agreement, order or directive to maintain a higher capital level. The capital conservation buffer is not included in the required ratios of the table presented below. Pinnacle Financial's and Pinnacle Bank's actual capital amounts and resulting ratios, not including the applicable 2.5% capital conservation buffer, are presented in the following table (in thousands):


		Actual				Minimum Capital Requirement				Minimum To Be Well-Capitalized					Actual				Minimum Capital Requirement				Minimum To Be Well-Capitalized
		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
At September 30, 2021
At September 30, 2022														At September 30, 2022
Total capital to risk weighted assets:	Total capital to risk weighted assets:													Total capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	3,915,561	14.0	%	$	2,235,652	8.0	%	$	2,794,565	10.0	%	Pinnacle Financial	$	4,445,393	12.6	%	$	2,822,505	8.0	%	$	3,528,132	10.0	%
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,466,596	12.5	%	$	2,223,799	8.0	%	$	2,779,749	10.0	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	4,155,586	11.8	%	$	2,815,240	8.0	%	$	3,519,050	10.0	%
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:	Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:													Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	3,156,777	11.3	%	$	1,676,739	6.0	%	$	2,235,652	8.0	%	Pinnacle Financial	$	3,762,311	10.7	%	$	2,116,879	6.0	%	$	2,822,505	8.0	%
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,256,812	11.7	%	$	1,667,849	6.0	%	$	2,223,799	8.0	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,901,504	11.1	%	$	2,111,430	6.0	%	$	2,815,240	8.0	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets	Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets													Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	2,939,528	10.5	%	$	1,257,554	4.5	%	NA				Pinnacle Financial	$	3,545,062	10.0	%	$	1,587,659	4.5	%	NA
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,256,689	11.7	%	$	1,250,887	4.5	%	$	1,806,837	6.5	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,901,381	11.1	%	$	1,583,572	4.5	%	$	2,287,382	6.5	%
Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):	Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):													Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	3,156,777	9.3	%	$	1,355,712	4.0	%	NA				Pinnacle Financial	$	3,762,311	9.7	%	$	1,555,559	4.0	%	NA
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,256,812	9.6	%	$	1,350,660	4.0	%	$	1,688,325	5.0	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,901,504	10.1	%	$	1,547,192	4.0	%	$	1,933,990	5.0	%

At December 31, 2020
At December 31, 2021														At December 31, 2021
Total capital to risk weighted assets:	Total capital to risk weighted assets:													Total capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	3,678,405	14.3	%	$	2,063,352	8.0	%	$	2,579,190	10.0	%	Pinnacle Financial	$	4,060,598	13.8	%	$	2,347,963	8.0	%	$	2,934,953	10.0	%
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,259,538	12.7	%	$	2,055,892	8.0	%	$	2,569,865	10.0	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,670,111	12.6	%	$	2,334,243	8.0	%	$	2,917,804	10.0	%
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:	Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:													Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets:
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	2,803,541	10.9	%	$	1,547,514	6.0	%	$	2,063,352	8.0	%	Pinnacle Financial	$	3,425,751	11.7	%	$	1,760,972	6.0	%	$	2,347,963	8.0	%
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	2,933,674	11.4	%	$	1,541,919	6.0	%	$	2,055,892	8.0	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,464,265	11.9	%	$	1,750,683	6.0	%	$	2,334,243	8.0	%
Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets	Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets													Common equity Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	2,586,292	10.0	%	$	1,160,635	4.5	%	NA				Pinnacle Financial	$	3,208,503	10.9	%	$	1,320,729	4.5	%	NA
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	2,933,551	11.4	%	$	1,156,439	4.5	%	$	1,670,412	6.5	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,464,142	11.9	%	$	1,313,012	4.5	%	$	1,896,573	6.5	%
Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):	Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):													Tier 1 capital to average assets (*):
Pinnacle Financial	Pinnacle Financial	$	2,803,541	8.6	%	$	1,298,756	4.0	%	NA				Pinnacle Financial	$	3,425,751	9.7	%	$	1,412,747	4.0	%	NA
Pinnacle Bank	Pinnacle Bank	$	2,933,674	9.1	%	$	1,294,033	4.0	%	$	1,617,541	5.0	%	Pinnacle Bank	$	3,464,265	9.9	%	$	1,406,063	4.0	%	$	1,757,578	5.0	%

(*) Average assets for the above calculations were based on the most recent quarter.

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Note 11. Other Borrowings

Pinnacle Financial has 12twelve wholly-owned subsidiaries that are statutory business trusts created for the exclusive purpose of issuing 30-year capital trust preferred securities and has entered into certain other subordinated debt agreements. These instruments are outlined below as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 (in thousands):

Name

Date
Established

Maturity

Total Debt Outstanding

Interest Rate at September 30, 2021

Coupon Structure

Name

Date
Established

Maturity

Total Debt Outstanding

Interest Rate at September 30, 2022

Coupon Structure

Trust preferred securities

Pinnacle Statutory Trust I

December 29, 2003

December 30, 2033

10,310

2.92

30-day LIBOR + 2.80%

Pinnacle Statutory Trust I

December 29, 2003

December 30, 2033

10,310

6.33

30-day LIBOR + 2.80% (1)

Pinnacle Statutory Trust II

September 15, 2005

September 30, 2035

20,619

1.53

30-day LIBOR + 1.40%

Pinnacle Statutory Trust II

September 15, 2005

September 30, 2035

20,619

5.07

30-day LIBOR + 1.40% (1)

Pinnacle Statutory Trust III

September 7, 2006

September 30, 2036

20,619

1.78

30-day LIBOR + 1.65%

Pinnacle Statutory Trust III

September 7, 2006

September 30, 2036

20,619

5.32

30-day LIBOR + 1.65% (1)

Pinnacle Statutory Trust IV

October 31, 2007

September 30, 2037

30,928

2.97

30-day LIBOR + 2.85%

Pinnacle Statutory Trust IV

October 31, 2007

September 30, 2037

30,928

6.14

30-day LIBOR + 2.85% (1)

BNC Capital Trust I

April 3, 2003

April 15, 2033

5,155

3.38

30-day LIBOR + 3.25%

BNC Capital Trust I

April 3, 2003

April 15, 2033

5,155

5.76

30-day LIBOR + 3.25% (1)

BNC Capital Trust II

March 11, 2004

April 7, 2034

6,186

2.98

30-day LIBOR + 2.85%

BNC Capital Trust II

March 11, 2004

April 7, 2034

6,186

5.36

30-day LIBOR + 2.85% (1)

BNC Capital Trust III

September 23, 2004

September 23, 2034

5,155

2.53

30-day LIBOR + 2.40%

BNC Capital Trust III

September 23, 2004

September 23, 2034

5,155

4.91

30-day LIBOR + 2.40% (1)

BNC Capital Trust IV

September 27, 2006

December 31, 2036

7,217

1.83

30-day LIBOR + 1.70%

BNC Capital Trust IV

September 27, 2006

December 31, 2036

7,217

5.37

30-day LIBOR + 1.70% (1)

Valley Financial Trust I

June 26, 2003

June 26, 2033

4,124

3.23

30-day LIBOR + 3.10%

Valley Financial Trust I

June 26, 2003

June 26, 2033

4,124

6.74

30-day LIBOR + 3.10% (1)

Valley Financial Trust II

September 26, 2005

December 15, 2035

7,217

1.61

30-day LIBOR + 1.49%

Valley Financial Trust II

September 26, 2005

December 15, 2035

7,217

4.78

30-day LIBOR + 1.49% (1)

Valley Financial Trust III

December 15, 2006

January 30, 2037

5,155

1.86

30-day LIBOR + 1.73%

Valley Financial Trust III

December 15, 2006

January 30, 2037

5,155

4.51

30-day LIBOR + 1.73% (1)

Southcoast Capital Trust III

August 5, 2005

September 30, 2035

10,310

1.63

30-day LIBOR + 1.50%

Southcoast Capital Trust III

August 5, 2005

September 30, 2035

10,310

5.17

30-day LIBOR + 1.50% (1)

Subordinated Debt

Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes

November 16, 2016

November 16, 2026

120,000

5.25

Fixed (1)

Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes

September 11, 2019

September 15, 2029

300,000

4.13

Fixed (2)

Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes

September 11, 2019

September 15, 2029

300,000

4.13

Fixed (2)

Debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments

(10,283)

Debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments

(9,161)

Total subordinated debt and other borrowings

542,712

Total subordinated debt and other borrowings

423,834

(1) ~~Migrates~~Transitions to ~~three month~~an alternative benchmark rate plus a comparable spread adjustment in the event that 30-day LIBOR ~~+ 3.884% beginning November 16, 2021 through the end of the term.~~is no longer published on a future adjustment date.

(2) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 2.775% (or an alternative benchmark rate plus comparable spread in the event that three month LIBOR is no longer published on such adjustment date) beginning September 15, 2024 through the end of the term.

On July 30, 2021, Pinnacle Bank redeemed $130.0 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due July 30, 2025. Additionally on November 16, 2021, Pinnacle Financial redeemed $120.0 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due November 16, 2026. The redemption was funded with existing cash on hand. Pursuant to regulatory guidelines, once the maturity date on subordinated notes is within five years, a portion of the notes will no longer be eligible to be included in regulatory capital, with an additional portion being excluded each year over the five year period approaching maturity.

On April 22, 2020, Pinnacle Financial established a credit facility with the Federal Reserve Bank in conjunction with the SBA Paycheck Protection Program, with available borrowing capacity equal to the outstanding balance of Paycheck Protection Program loans, which totaled approximately $708.7 million at September 30, 2021. There are no amounts outstanding under this facility at September 30, 2021.

Pinnacle Financial has provided notice to the holders of the $120.0 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due November 16, 2026 of Pinnacle Financial's intent to redeem those notes on November 16, 2021.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following is a discussion of our financial condition at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 and our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021. The purpose of this discussion is to focus on information about our financial condition and results of operations which is not otherwise apparent from our consolidated financial statements. The following discussion and analysis should be read along with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein and the risk factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (Form 10-K) and the other reports we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission since we filed that Form 10-K.

~~Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic~~

The COVID-19 pandemic and related measures taken by governments, businesses and individuals as a result of the pandemic continue to cause uncertainty, volatility and disruption in the economy, including the economies of the markets that we serve. Throughout 2020 and continuing into the first nine months of 2021 in response to the pandemic, we adjusted our business practices, including restricting employee travel, encouraging employees to work from home where possible, offering drive-thru only service at certain of our locations with specific needs facilitated by appointment, implementing social distancing guidelines within our offices, and continuing to hold regular meetings of our pandemic response team. Certain of these measures remain in place due to the continued prevalence of the virus, though, as of September 30, 2021, all of our customer locations are now open and the majority of our employees have returned to the office.

We continue to believe our response to the pandemic has allowed and continues to allow us to appropriately support our associates and clients and their communities. Though we believe the impact of COVID-19 appears to be lessening, we continue to monitor its impact and the effect new variants or mutations may have, the administration, efficacy and public acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines, the effects of the CARES Act, Coronavirus Relief Act, American Relief Act and the prospects for additional fiscal stimulus programs closely. Our ability and the ability of our customers to recover from the pandemic continues to be subject to uncertainty and will depend on continued decline in the severity of COVID-19 and emergence of other variants of the virus in our markets and government responses thereto, as well as continued improvement in economic conditions in those markets.

We have included throughout this discussion the specific impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting government stimulus programs on our financial condition at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and our results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020.

Overview

General.Our diluted net income per common share for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was $1.91 and $5.42, respectively, compared to $1.75 and $5.05, ~~respectively, compared to $1.42 and $2.62,~~ respectively, for the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, loans increased to ~~$23.1~~$27.7 billion, as compared to ~~$22.4~~$23.4 billion at December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, and total deposits increased to ~~$29.4~~$33.7 billion at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$27.7~~$31.3 billion at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Results of Operations. Our net interest income increased to ~~$237.5~~$305.8 million and ~~$693.6~~$809.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$206.6~~$237.5 million and ~~$600.8~~$693.6 million, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year, representing ~~an increase~~increases of ~~$30.9~~$68.2 million and ~~$92.8~~$116.2 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the comparable periods in ~~2020,~~2021, this increase was largely the result of ~~lower cost of funds,~~organic loan growth and yield expansion in our earning asset portfolio. Partially offsetting the ~~impact of both~~increase was a decrease in the interest and fees related to PPP loans and ~~our pay down of a portion of the additional liquidity we acquired in 2020 in response to the economic uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic,~~discount accretion associated with fair value adjustments as well as ~~organic loan growth when comparing~~ the ~~comparable periods.~~rising cost of funds in the quarter and year-to-date periods in 2022. The net interest margin (the ratio of net interest income to average earning assets) for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~3.03%~~3.47% and ~~3.05%~~3.18%, respectively, compared to ~~2.82%~~3.03% and ~~2.97%~~3.05%, respectively, for the same periods in ~~2020~~2021 and reflects the rising short-term interest rate environment, including the impact of exceeding substantially all of our loan floors during the second and third quarters of 2022, and the deployment of excess funds in higher yielding loans offset in part by the diminishing impact of loans made and fees recognized pursuant to the PPP, ~~and our acquisition and subsequent pay down of additional on-balance sheet liquidity as noted above, the decline in short-term interest rates,~~ declining levels of positive impact from purchase accounting ~~and~~as well as the competitive rate environments for loans and deposits in our markets.

Our provision for credit losses was ~~$3.4~~$27.5 million and ~~$13.5~~$43.1 million ~~respectively,~~ for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$16.8~~$3.4 million and ~~$194.6~~$13.5 million ~~respectively,~~ for the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease~~increase in provision expense as compared to the same periods in ~~2020~~2021 is primarily due to ~~improvements~~growth in ~~current~~the loan portfolio and ~~projected~~the developing uncertain economic ~~conditions through September 30, 2021, as compared to the economic deterioration that occurred or was anticipated during the first nine months of 2020 as a result of COVID-19.~~environment. Also contributing to the provision expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 were net charge-offs totaling $11.0 million and $14.8 million, respectively, compared to $9.3 million and $30.6 million ~~respectively, compared to $13.1 million and $28.6 million, respectively,~~ for the same periods in ~~2020.~~

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At September 30, 2021, our allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans, inclusive of PPP loans, was 1.17% compared to 1.27% at December 31, 2020. The decrease in the allowance for credit losses is largely the result of improvements in the macroeconomic forecasts utilized within our CECL models to estimate future credit losses.

2021.

Noninterest income increased by ~~$13.0~~$710,000, or 0.7%, and $38.8 million, or ~~14.3%, and $60.6 million, or 25.9%~~13.1%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021. The growth ~~in noninterest income~~ was in ~~large~~ part attributable to an increase in ~~income from our equity method investment in BHG of $4.0~~wealth management revenues which were $19.4 million ~~or 15.0%,~~ and ~~$32.2~~$61.9 million, ~~or 54.3%,~~ respectively, ~~during~~for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to $17.3 million and $49.8 million, respectively, in the same periods in the prior year as well as an increase in ~~wealth management revenues which were $17.3~~income from our equity method investment in BHG of $10.9 million, or 35.9%, and $33.0 million, or 36.1%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same periods in the prior year. Service charges on deposit accounts decreased $529,000 and increased $4.9 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 due to fluctuations in transaction volumes in these accounts and the previously disclosed changes to our firm's insufficient funds and overdraft programs during the third quarter of 2022. Additionally, the carrying values of other equity investments we have made are adjusted either upwards or downwards from the transaction price to reflect expected exit values as evidenced by financing and sale transactions with third parties, or when determination of a valuation adjustment is confirmed through financial reports provided by the portfolio managers of the investments. Income related to these investments decreased $7.9 million and ~~$49.8~~$9.9 million, respectively, ~~for~~during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 when compared to the same periods in the prior year as we experienced greater increases in certain of our venture fund investment valuations, due to changes in the valuations in their underlying portfolios, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 than was the case in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Loan swap fees decreased by $392,000 and increased by $1.2 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to ~~$13.0~~the same periods in 2021 due primarily to a change in the volume of activity resulting from the then current interest rate environments. The other components of other noninterest income increased $1.9 million and ~~$41.8~~$11.1 million, respectively, induring the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same periods in the prior year. ~~These~~The increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is largely the result of a $5.5 million gain on remeasurement of our previously held equity investment in JB&B Capital, LLC (JB&B), resulting from our bank subsidiary's acquisition on March 1, 2022 of the 80% equity interests of JB&B it did not previously own. The increases we experienced in certain noninterest income items were offset by a significant decline in gains on mortgage loans sold, net, which decreased by ~~$11.6~~$6.7 million and ~~$19.5~~$20.8 million, respectively, for the three

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and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 as compared to the same periods in the prior year as increases in the rate environment ~~fluctuations~~ and declines in housing inventory in our markets negatively impacted ~~originations. Additionally, we had no net gains on sales of securities during the three months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $651,000 during the three months ended September 30, 2020~~both refinancing and $366,000 during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to $986,000 in the same period in the prior year. Other noninterest income, which is the result of fee revenue lines of business other than those noted above, increased during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 by $15.5 million and $37.7 million, respectively, to $37.2 million and $96.6 million, respectively, when compared to the same periods in the prior year. This increase is largely the result of income associated with other equity investments which increased significantly compared to the comparable periods in 2020 as certain of our venture fund investments experienced increased valuations in their underlying portfolios. SBA loan sales revenue also increased when compared to prior year comparable periods due to increased volumes and premiums which are at historically high levels for these types of loan sales.new purchase originations.

Noninterest expense increased by ~~$25.0~~$30.4 million, or ~~17.4%~~18.0%, and ~~$86.5~~$88.3 million, or ~~21.5%~~18.0%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. Impacting noninterest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 as compared to the same prior year periods ~~was a $22.3~~were increases of $17.5 million and ~~$81.5~~$52.4 million, respectively, ~~increase~~ in salaries and employee benefits. The change in salaries and employee benefits was primarily the result of an increase in our associate base to 3,184.5 full-time equivalent associates at September 30, 2022 versus 2,769.5 at September 30, 2021 as well as annual merit increases effective in January 2022. Also contributing to the ~~accrual at above-target payout for both our cash~~increase, were equity compensation expenses which were up $3.9 million and ~~equity incentive plans~~$13.1 million, respectively, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the same prior year periods. Noninterest expense categories, other than salaries and employee benefits, were $69.3 million and $199.6 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 versus an accrual at below-target payout under such plans~~2022, compared to $56.4 million and $163.7 million, respectively, during ~~the same periods in 2020. Also impacting salaries~~three and ~~employee benefits was an increase in our associate base in 2021 versus 2020 as well as annual merit increases effective in January~~nine months ended September 30, 2021.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we recorded income tax expense of ~~$32.8~~$35.2 million and ~~$91.7~~$99.7 million, respectively, compared to ~~$26.4~~$32.8 million and ~~$36.0~~$91.7 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. Our effective tax rate for both the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was 19.1%, compared to 19.4% and 18.9%~~, respectively, compared to 19.3% and 15.2%~~, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. Our tax expense in the first nine months of 2020 was impacted by the increased provision for credit losses we recorded during that time period as discussed above, a portion of which was recorded as a discrete item of total income tax in the first quarter of 2020.2021. Our tax rate in each period was ~~also~~ impacted by among other things the vesting and exercise of equity-based awards previously granted under our equity-based compensation ~~program, resulting in~~program. For the ~~recognition of~~three months ended September 30, 2022, no excess tax benefits or expenses were recognized. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized excess tax benefits of ~~$334,000 and $2.2 million, respectively,~~$2.9 million. Comparatively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~compared to tax expense of $85,000 and~~we recognized excess tax benefits of ~~$505,000, respectively, for the three~~$334,000 and ~~nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~$2.2 million, respectively.

Financial Condition. Loans increased ~~$634.0 million,~~$4.3 billion, or ~~2.8%~~18.4%, during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, when compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The increase is primarily the result of loans made to borrowers that principally operate or are located in our core markets, including the markets in which we recently expanded, increases in the number of relationship advisors we employ and continued focus on attracting new customers to our company offset in part by the ~~$1.1 billion~~$360.4 million decrease in the amount of PPP loans in our portfolio during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 as these loans ~~are~~were paid down or forgiven by the SBA. Loan growth was also positively impacted during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 by the addition of certain specialty lending groups, including franchise lending and equipment lease financing. Total deposits were ~~$29.4~~$33.7 billion at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$27.7~~$31.3 billion at December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, an increase of ~~$1.7~~$2.4 billion, or ~~6.0%~~7.6%. ~~Deposit~~Interest-bearing core deposit growth during the ~~period was likely aided by our clients' continued desire to hold onto liquidity~~nine months ended September 30, 2022, increased approximately $1.4 billion, or 4.9% from December 31, 2021, as they support their businesses through the continued economic uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, proceeds from the PPP and other government stimulus programs not yet deployed and current stock market conditions, but was also due in part toa result of our intentional ~~emphasis~~focus on gathering ~~low-cost~~and retaining these core ~~deposits during both periods.~~deposits.

~~Table~~At September 30, 2022, our allowance for credit losses was $288.1 million compared to $263.2 million at December 31, 2021. The increase in the allowance for credit losses is largely the result of ~~Contents~~

growth in the loan portfolio and the developing uncertain economic environment.

Capital and Liquidity. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, our capital ratios, including our bank's capital ratios, exceeded regulatory minimum capital requirements and those necessary to be considered well-capitalized under applicable federal regulations. See Note 10. Regulatory Matters in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for additional information regarding our capital ratios. From time to time we may be required to support the capital needs of our bank (Pinnacle Bank). At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we had approximately ~~$278.5~~$158.4 million of cash at the parent company that could be used to support our bank. ~~Our anticipated redemption of $120.0 million aggregate principal amount of parent company subordinated notes on November 16, 2021 is intended to be funded with this existing cash on hand.~~

During the second quarter of 2020, we issued 9.0 million depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of our 6.75% fixed rate non-cumulative, perpetual preferred stock, Series B (Series B Preferred Stock) in a registered public offering to both retail and institutional investors. Net proceeds from the transaction after underwriting discounts and offering expenses payable by us were approximately $217.1 million. The net proceeds were retained at Pinnacle Financial and the remaining portion thereof is available to support our capital needs and other obligations, including payments related to our outstanding indebtedness, to support the capital needs and other obligations of our bank and for other general corporate purposes. Additionally, we believe we have various capital raising techniques available to us to provide for the capital needs of our company and bank, such as a subordinated debt offering or entering into a new revolving credit facility with another financial institution. We also periodically evaluate capital markets conditions to identify opportunities to access those markets if necessary or prudent to support our capital levels.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2020, we repurchased approximately 1.0 million shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $50.8 million under our previously authorized share repurchase agreement. Our last purchase of shares of our common stock under the prior share repurchase program occurred on March 19, 2020, as we suspended the program due to uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic and it remained suspended until its expiration on December 31, 2020. On January 19, 2021, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $125.0 million of our outstanding common stock. The authorization for this program ~~will~~remained in effect through March 31, 2022. On January 18, 2022, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $125.0 million of our common stock which commenced upon the expiration of the share repurchase program that expired on March 31, 2022. The new authorization is to remain in effect through March 31, ~~2022.~~2023. We did not repurchase any shares under ~~our current~~either share repurchase program during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022 or 2021, respectively.

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Critical Accounting Estimates

The accounting principles we follow and our methods of applying these principles conform with U.S. GAAP and with general practices within the banking industry. ~~On January 1, 2020, we adopted FASB ASU 2016-13~~ ~~Financial Instruments - Credit Losses~~ ~~(Topic 326) which significantly changes our methodology for determining our allowance for credit losses, and ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment~~ ~~which simplifies our process for performing goodwill impairment testing.~~There have been no ~~other~~ significant changes to our Critical Accounting Estimates as described in our Form 10-K.

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Selected Financial Information

The following is a summary of certain financial information for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 and as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (dollars in thousands, except per share data):


		Three Months Ended September 30,						2021 - 2020 Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,						2021 - 2020 Percent			Three Months Ended September 30,						2022 - 2021 Percent		Nine Months Ended September 30,						2022 - 2021 Percent
		2021			2020			Increase (Decrease)		2021			2020			Increase (Decrease)			2022			2021			Increase (Decrease)		2022			2021			Increase (Decrease)
Income Statement:	Income Statement:																	Income Statement:
Interest income	Interest income	$	260,868		$	249,188		4.7	%	$	772,021		$	763,995		1.1	%	Interest income	$	371,764		$	260,868		42.5	%	$	922,757		$	772,021		19.5	%
Interest expense	Interest expense	23,325			42,594			(45.2)	%	78,383			163,192			(52.0)	%	Interest expense	65,980			23,325			>100 %		112,924			78,383			44.1	%
Net interest income	Net interest income	237,543			206,594			15.0	%	693,638			600,803			15.5	%	Net interest income	305,784			237,543			28.7	%	809,833			693,638			16.8	%
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	3,382			16,758			(79.8)	%	13,451			194,635			(93.1)	%	Provision for credit losses	27,493			3,382			>100 %		43,120			13,451			>100 %
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	Net interest income after provision for credit losses	234,161			189,836			23.3	%	680,187			406,168			67.5	%	Net interest income after provision for credit losses	278,291			234,161			18.8	%	766,713			680,187			12.7	%
Noninterest income	Noninterest income	104,095			91,065			14.3	%	295,011			234,396			25.9	%	Noninterest income	104,805			104,095			0.7	%	333,803			295,011			13.1	%
Noninterest expense	Noninterest expense	168,851			143,852			17.4	%	489,687			403,150			21.5	%	Noninterest expense	199,253			168,851			18.0	%	577,952			489,687			18.0	%
Net income before income taxes	Net income before income taxes	169,405			137,049			23.6	%	485,511			237,414			>100.0%		Net income before income taxes	183,843			169,405			8.5	%	522,564			485,511			7.6	%
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	32,828			26,404			24.3	%	91,716			35,969			>100.0%		Income tax expense	35,185			32,828			7.2	%	99,669			91,716			8.7	%
Net income	Net income	136,577			110,645			23.4	%	393,795			201,445			95.5	%	Net income	148,658			136,577			8.8	%	422,895			393,795			7.4	%
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	(3,798)			(3,798)			—	%	(11,394)			(3,798)			>100.0%		Preferred stock dividends	(3,798)			(3,798)			—	%	(11,394)			(11,394)			—	%
Net income available to common shareholders	Net income available to common shareholders	$	132,779		$	106,847		24.3	%	$	382,401		$	197,647		93.5	%	Net income available to common shareholders	$	144,860		$	132,779		9.1	%	$	411,501		$	382,401		7.6	%

Per Share Data:	Per Share Data:																	Per Share Data:
Basic net income per common share	Basic net income per common share	$	1.76		$	1.42		23.9	%	$	5.07		$	2.62		93.5	%	Basic net income per common share	$	1.91		$	1.76		8.5	%	$	5.43		$	5.07		7.1	%
Diluted net income per common share	Diluted net income per common share	$	1.75		$	1.42		23.2	%	$	5.05		$	2.62		92.7	%	Diluted net income per common share	$	1.91		$	1.75		9.1	%	$	5.42		$	5.05		7.3	%

Performance Ratios:	Performance Ratios:																	Performance Ratios:
Return on average assets (1)	Return on average assets (1)	1.47		%	1.26		%	16.7	%	1.45		%	0.83		%	74.7	%	Return on average assets (1)	1.42		%	1.47		%	(3.4)	%	1.40		%	1.45		%	(3.4)	%
Return on average shareholders' equity (2)	Return on average shareholders' equity (2)	10.18		%	8.92		%	14.1	%	10.11		%	5.79		%	74.6	%	Return on average shareholders' equity (2)	10.64		%	10.18		%	4.5	%	10.28		%	10.11		%	1.7	%
Return on average common shareholders' equity (3)	Return on average common shareholders' equity (3)	10.62		%	9.35		%	13.6	%	10.56		%	5.91		%	78.7	%	Return on average common shareholders' equity (3)	11.08		%	10.62		%	4.3	%	10.72		%	10.56		%	1.5	%

		September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020														September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Balance Sheet:	Balance Sheet:																	Balance Sheet:
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses	Loans, net of allowance for credit losses	$	22,789,826		$	22,139,451		2.9%										Loans, net of allowance for credit losses	$	27,423,606		$	23,151,029		18.5%
Deposits	Deposits	$	29,369,807		$	27,705,575		6.0%										Deposits	$	33,690,049		$	31,304,533		7.6%

(1) Return on average assets is the result of net income available to common shareholders for the reported period on an annualized basis, divided by average assets for the period.

(2) Return on average shareholders' equity is the result of net income available to common shareholders for the reported period on an annualized basis, divided by average shareholders' equity for the period.

(3) Return on average common shareholders' equity is the result of net income available to common shareholders for the reported period on an annualized basis, divided by average common shareholders' equity for the period.

Results of Operations

Net Interest Income. Net interest income represents the amount by which interest earned on various earning assets exceeds interest paid on deposits and other interest-bearing liabilities and is the most significant component of our revenues. Net interest income totaled ~~$237.5~~$305.8 million and ~~$693.6~~$809.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$206.6~~$237.5 million and ~~$600.8~~$693.6 million, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year, representing increases of ~~$30.9~~$68.2 million and ~~$92.8~~$116.2 million, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the comparable periods in 2020, this increase was largely the result of lower cost of funds, the impact of both interest and fees related to the PPP and our pay down of a portion of the additional liquidity we acquired in 2020 in response to the economic uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic as well as organic loan growth during the comparable periods offset in part by yield compression in our earning asset portfolio.

2021,

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this increase was largely the result of organic loan growth and yield expansion in our earning asset portfolio. Partially offsetting the increase was a decrease in the interest and fees related to PPP loans and discount accretion associated with fair value adjustments as well as the rising cost of funds in the quarter and year-to-date periods in 2022.

The following tables set forth the amount of our average balances, interest income or interest expense for each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and the average interest rate for interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, net interest spread and net interest margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (dollars in thousands):

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2021 Three Months Ended
September 30, 2020
Average Balances Interest Rates/ Yields Average Balances Interest Rates/ Yields
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1)(2)
$ 22,986,835 $ 233,857 4.13 % $ 22,493,192 $ 224,482 4.04 %
Securities:
Taxable 2,868,212 8,986 1.24 % 2,226,008 8,276 1.48 %
Tax-exempt (2)
2,583,020 15,873 2.93 % 2,194,272 15,001 3.29 %
Federal funds sold and other 3,743,074 2,152 0.23 % 3,279,248 1,429 0.17 %
Total interest-earning assets 32,181,141 $ 260,868 3.32 % 30,192,720 $ 249,188 3.38 %
Nonearning assets
Intangible assets 1,857,039 1,866,082
Other nonearning assets 1,857,950 1,779,914
Total assets $ 35,896,130 $ 33,838,716
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking 5,591,119 2,453 0.17 % 4,784,627 3,733 0.31 %
Savings and money market 11,359,595 5,300 0.19 % 10,312,876 8,374 0.32 %
Time 2,541,775 4,386 0.68 % 4,265,881 16,294 1.52 %
Total interest-bearing deposits 19,492,489 12,139 0.25 % 19,363,384 28,401 0.58 %
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 164,837 57 0.14 % 147,211 77 0.21 %
Federal Home Loan Bank advances 888,369 4,558 2.04 % 1,515,879 6,945 1.82 %
Subordinated debt and other borrowings 586,387 6,571 4.45 % 715,138 7,171 3.99 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities 21,132,082 23,325 0.44 % 21,741,612 42,594 0.78 %
Noninterest-bearing deposits 9,247,382 — 0.00 % 6,989,439 — 0.00 %
Total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities 30,379,464 $ 23,325 0.30 % 28,731,051 $ 42,594 0.59 %
Other liabilities 340,041 341,801
Stockholders' equity 5,176,625 4,765,864
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 35,896,130 $ 33,838,716
Net interest income
$ 237,543 $ 206,594
Net interest spread (3)
2.88 % 2.60 %
Net interest margin (4)
3.03 % 2.82 %


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022						Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
	Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields		Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields
Interest-earning assets
Loans (1) (2)	$	27,021,031	$	315,935	4.73	%	$	22,986,835	$	233,857	4.13	%
Securities
Taxable	3,436,460		18,204		2.10	%	2,868,212		8,986		1.24	%
Tax-exempt (2)	3,105,566		21,408		3.28	%	2,583,020		15,873		2.93	%
Interest-bearing due from banks	1,491,338		8,666		2.31	%	3,088,027		1,181		0.15	%
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	920,786		5,616		2.42	%	500,000		432		0.34	%
Federal funds sold	—		—		—	%	—		—		—	%
Other	188,854		1,935		4.06	%	155,047		539		1.38	%
Total interest-earning assets	36,164,035		$	371,764	4.20	%	32,181,141		$	260,868	3.32	%
Nonearning assets
Intangible assets	1,883,350						1,857,039
Other nonearning assets	2,417,264						1,857,950
Total assets	$	40,464,649					$	35,896,130

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking	$	6,763,990	18,008		1.06	%	$	5,591,119	2,453		0.17	%
Savings and money market	12,765,435		29,347		0.91	%	11,359,595		5,300		0.19	%
Time	2,652,921		7,834		1.17	%	2,541,775		4,386		0.68	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	22,182,346		55,189		0.99	%	19,492,489		12,139		0.25	%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	215,646		182		0.34	%	164,837		57		0.14	%
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	1,010,865		5,762		2.26	%	888,369		4,558		2.04	%
Subordinated debt and other borrowings	426,267		4,847		4.51	%	586,387		6,571		4.45	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	23,835,124		65,980		1.10	%	21,132,082		23,325		0.44	%
Noninterest-bearing deposits	10,926,069		—		0.00	%	9,247,382		—		0.00	%
Total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities	34,761,193		$	65,980	0.75	%	30,379,464		$	23,325	0.30	%
Other liabilities	300,212						340,041
Total liabilities	35,061,405						30,719,505
Shareholders' equity	5,403,244						5,176,625
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	40,464,649					$	35,896,130
Net interest income			$	305,784					$	237,543
Net interest spread (3)					3.10	%					2.88	%
Net interest margin (4)					3.47	%					3.03	%

(1) Average balances of ~~nonaccrual~~nonperforming loans, consumer loans held-for-sale and commercial loans held-for-sale are included in the above amounts.

(2) Yields computed on tax-exempt instruments on a tax equivalent basis and include ~~$8.5~~$10.8 million of taxable equivalent income for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$7.3~~$8.5 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. The tax-exempt benefit has been reduced by the projected impact of tax-exempt income that will be disallowed pursuant to IRS Regulations as of and for the then current period presented.

(3) Yields realized on interest-bearing assets less the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The net interest spread calculation excludes the impact of demand deposits. Had the impact of demand deposits been included, the net interest spread for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 would have been ~~3.02%~~3.44% compared to a net interest spread of ~~2.79%~~3.02% for the three months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021.

(4) Net interest margin is the result of annualized net interest income calculated on a tax-equivalent basis divided by average interest-earning assets for the period.

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		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020							Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
		Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields		Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields			Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields		Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1)(2)		$	23,005,416	$	694,017	4.11	%	$	21,589,858	$	687,183	4.33	%
Securities:
Interest-earning assets														Interest-earning assets
Loans (1) (2)														Loans (1) (2)	$	25,433,939	$	795,164	4.27	%	$	23,005,416	$	694,017	4.11	%
Securities														Securities
Taxable	Taxable	2,575,720		25,073		1.30	%	2,103,023		28,133		1.79	%	Taxable	3,400,046		41,977		1.65	%	2,575,720		25,073		1.30	%
Tax-exempt (2)	Tax-exempt (2)	2,478,584		47,917		3.11	%	2,041,199		43,421		3.41	%	Tax-exempt (2)	2,978,901		58,752		3.18	%	2,478,584		47,917		3.11	%
Federal funds sold and other		3,415,534		5,014		0.20	%	2,239,102		5,258		0.31	%
Interest-bearing due from banks														Interest-bearing due from banks	2,050,401		12,580		0.82	%	2,913,215		2,450		0.11	%
Securities purchased under agreements to resell														Securities purchased under agreements to resell	1,175,119		10,674		1.21	%	331,502		842		0.34	%
Federal funds sold														Federal funds sold	—		—		—	%	13,321		—		—	%
Other														Other	179,293		3,610		2.69	%	157,496		1,722		1.46	%
Total interest-earning assets	Total interest-earning assets	31,475,254		$	772,021	3.38	%	27,973,182		$	763,995	3.75	%	Total interest-earning assets	35,217,699		$	922,757	3.61	%	31,475,254		$	772,021	3.38	%
Nonearning assets	Nonearning assets													Nonearning assets
Intangible assets	Intangible assets	1,859,183						1,868,118						Intangible assets	1,876,614						1,859,183
Other nonearning assets	Other nonearning assets	1,873,106						1,787,377						Other nonearning assets	2,206,600						1,873,106
Total assets	Total assets	$	35,207,543					$	31,628,677					Total assets	$	39,300,913					$	35,207,543

Interest-bearing liabilities:	Interest-bearing liabilities:													Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:	Interest-bearing deposits:													Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking	Interest checking	5,504,133		7,460		0.18	%	4,391,319		16,456		0.50	%	Interest checking	$	6,560,068	26,741		0.54	%	$	5,504,133	7,460		0.18	%
Savings and money market	Savings and money market	11,323,160		17,670		0.21	%	9,201,302		37,713		0.55	%	Savings and money market	12,479,841		43,542		0.47	%	11,323,160		17,670		0.21	%
Time	Time	2,839,449		18,338		0.86	%	4,298,814		58,657		1.82	%	Time	2,272,063		13,337		0.78	%	2,839,449		18,338		0.86	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	Total interest-bearing deposits	19,666,742		43,468		0.30	%	17,891,435		112,826		0.84	%	Total interest-bearing deposits	21,311,972		83,620		0.52	%	19,666,742		43,468		0.30	%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	160,641		185		0.15	%	159,783		286		0.24	%	Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	204,251		320		0.21	%	160,641		185		0.15	%
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	Federal Home Loan Bank advances	903,569		13,553		2.01	%	1,918,371		26,854		1.87	%	Federal Home Loan Bank advances	998,828		15,467		2.07	%	903,569		13,553		2.01	%
Subordinated debt and other borrowings	Subordinated debt and other borrowings	644,417		21,177		4.39	%	698,464		23,226		4.44	%	Subordinated debt and other borrowings	431,681		13,517		4.19	%	644,417		21,177		4.39	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	Total interest-bearing liabilities	21,375,369		78,383		0.49	%	20,668,053		163,192		1.05	%	Total interest-bearing liabilities	22,946,732		112,924		0.66	%	21,375,369		78,383		0.49	%
Noninterest-bearing deposits	Noninterest-bearing deposits	8,462,129		—		0.00	%	6,063,783		—		0.00	%	Noninterest-bearing deposits	10,737,610		—		0.00	%	8,462,129		—		0.00	%
Total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities	Total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities	29,837,498		$	78,383	0.35	%	26,731,836		$	163,192	0.82	%	Total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities	33,684,342		$	112,924	0.45	%	29,837,498		$	78,383	0.35	%
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	312,598						335,274						Other liabilities	266,018						312,598
Stockholders' equity		5,057,447						4,561,567
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity		$	35,207,543					$	31,628,677
Total liabilities														Total liabilities	33,950,360						30,150,096
Shareholders' equity														Shareholders' equity	5,350,553						5,057,447
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity														Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	39,300,913					$	35,207,543
Net interest income	Net interest income			$	693,638					$	600,803			Net interest income			$	809,833					$	693,638
Net interest spread (3)	Net interest spread (3)					2.89	%					2.70	%	Net interest spread (3)					2.95	%					2.89	%
Net interest margin (4)	Net interest margin (4)					3.05	%					2.97	%	Net interest margin (4)					3.18	%					3.05	%

(1) Average balances of ~~nonaccrual~~nonperforming loans, consumer loans held-for-sale and commercial loans held-for-sale are included in the above amounts.

(2) Yields computed on tax-exempt instruments on a tax equivalent basis and include ~~$23.7~~$28.8 million of taxable equivalent income for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$21.3~~$23.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. The tax-exempt benefit has been reduced by the projected impact of tax-exempt income that will be disallowed pursuant to IRS Regulations as of and for the then current period presented.

(3) Yields realized on interest-bearing assets less the rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities. The net interest spread calculation excludes the impact of demand deposits. Had the impact of demand deposits been included, the net interest spread for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 would have been ~~3.03%~~3.16% compared to a net interest spread of ~~2.93%~~3.03% for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021.

(4) Net interest margin is the result of annualized net interest income calculated on a tax-equivalent basis divided by average interest-earning assets for the period.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, our net interest margin was ~~3.03%~~3.47% and ~~3.05%~~3.18%, respectively, compared to ~~2.82%~~3.03% and ~~2.97%~~3.05%, respectively, for the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021. Our net interest margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 reflects the rising short-term interest rate environment, including the impact of exceeding substantially all of our loan floors during the second and third quarters of 2022, and the deployment of excess funds in higher yielding loans offset in part by the diminishing impact of loans made and fees recognized pursuant to the PPP, ~~and our acquisition and subsequent pay down of additional on-balance sheet liquidity as noted above, the continued historically low levels for short-term interest rates,~~ declining levels of positive impact from purchase accounting ~~and~~as well as the competitive rate environments for loans and deposits in our markets. ~~More specifically, our net interest margin was impacted by yield compression in our earning asset portfolio due to a historically low macroeconomic interest rate environment.~~ During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, our earning asset yield ~~decreased~~increased by 688 basis points and 3723 basis points, respectively, from the same periods in the prior year. Conversely, our ~~net interest margin was partially impacted as our~~ total funding rates, ~~decreased~~led by 29increases in interest-bearing deposits rates, increased by 45 basis points and 4710 basis points, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, respectively,~~2022 compared to the same periods in the prior ~~year.~~

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year. In September 2022, the Federal Reserve again raised short-term interest rates by 75 basis points and our current expectation is another 125 basis point increase during the remainder of 2022. Given that substantially all of the loan floors on our adjustable rate loans were exceeded in the second and third quarters of 2022, these subsequent rate increases should contribute to expansion in our net interest margin during the remainder of 2022 when compared to comparable periods in 2021.

We continue to deploy various asset liability management strategies to manage our risk to interest rate fluctuations. Pricing for creditworthy borrowers and meaningful depositors is very competitive in our markets and this competition has adversely impacted, and may continue to adversely impact, our margins. We believe this challenging competitive environment will continue throughout the remainder of 2021, even during a time of economic uncertainty due to COVID-19. The additional on-balance sheet liquidity that ~~has~~we accumulated primarily due to government stimulus efforts ~~in response to~~during the COVID-19 pandemic has largely runoff as of September 30, 2022. As a result, we do not anticipate excess liquidity negatively impacting our net interest margin going forward as much as it did in 2020, 2021 and ~~will continue~~through the first half of 2022. Our ‘most likely’ forecast has short-term interest rates moving higher during the last quarter of 2022. However, there is much uncertainty in the interest rate futures markets due to ~~negatively impact~~the currently high level of inflation present in the economy, the pace of the rate tightening cycle being led by the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee and what risks these present for a recession to occur in the near-term. To help hedge against a potential “pivot” to a monetary easing cycle and the associated reduction in short-term interest rates, management entered into several interest rate floor and interest rate collar balance sheet hedging transactions in October 2022. These are designed to reduce downside risk to the net interest margin ~~until on-balance sheet liquidity returns to more normalized levels.~~should short-term interest rates fall while minimally impacting the net interest margin should short-term interest rates rise. These hedging strategies are reflected in our net-interest-income at risk modeling results as of September 30, 2022.

Provision for Credit Losses. The provision for credit losses represents a charge to earnings necessary to establish an allowance for credit losses that, in management's evaluation, is adequate to provide coverage for all expected credit losses. ~~The~~Our provision for credit losses ~~amounted to $3.4~~was $27.5 million and ~~$13.5~~$43.1 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$16.8~~$3.4 million and ~~$194.6~~$13.5 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020. The provision for credit losses includes a reversal of provision expense related to off balance sheet reserves totaling $750,000 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and a provision expense related to off balance sheet reserves totaling $425,000 and $10.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.same periods in 2021. The provision for credit losses is impacted by growth in our loan portfolio, recent historical and projected future economic conditions, our internal assessment of the credit quality of the loan portfolio, and net charge-offs. The ~~lower~~increase in provision ~~for credit losses during the nine months ended September 30, 2021~~expense as compared to the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2020~~same periods in 2021 is ~~the result of improvements~~primarily due to growth in the ~~current~~loan portfolio and ~~projected~~the developing uncertain economic ~~conditions as compared to the economic deterioration which occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 related to the COVID-19 pandemic.~~environment. Also contributing to the provision ~~for credit losses in all periods are net charge-offs, which totaled $9.3 million and $30.6 million, respectively,~~expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 were net charge-offs totaling $11.0 million and $14.8 million, respectively, compared to ~~$13.1~~$9.3 million ~~$28.6~~and $30.6 million ~~respectively,~~ for the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021.

Noninterest Income. Our noninterest income is composed of several components, some of which vary significantly between quarterly and annual periods. Service charges on deposit accounts and other noninterest income generally reflect customer growth trends, while fees from our wealth management departments, gains on mortgage loans sold, gains and losses on the sale of securities and gains or losses related to our efforts to mitigate risks associated with interest rate volatility will often reflect financial market conditions or our asset/liability management efforts and fluctuate from period to period.

The following is a summary of our noninterest income for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


		Three Months Ended September 30,				2021 - 2020	Nine Months Ended September 30,				2021 - 2020		Three Months Ended September 30,				2022 - 2021	Nine Months Ended September 30,				2022 - 2021
		2021		2020		Increase (Decrease)	2021		2020		Increase (Decrease)		2022		2021		Increase (Decrease)	2022		2021		Increase (Decrease)
Noninterest income:	Noninterest income:											Noninterest income:
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	$	11,435	$	9,854	16.0%	$	28,648	$	25,796	11.1%	Service charges on deposit accounts	$	10,906	$	11,435	(4.6)%	$	33,552	$	28,648	17.1%
Investment services	Investment services	9,648		6,734		43.3%	26,836		21,944		22.3%	Investment services	10,780		9,648		11.7%	34,676		26,836		29.2%
Insurance sales commissions	Insurance sales commissions	2,557		2,284		12.0%	8,188		7,755		5.6%	Insurance sales commissions	2,928		2,557		14.5%	9,518		8,188		16.2%
Gains on mortgage loans sold, net	Gains on mortgage loans sold, net	7,814		19,453		(59.8)%	28,180		47,655		(40.9)%	Gains on mortgage loans sold, net	1,117		7,814		(85.7)%	7,333		28,180		(74.0)%
Investment gains on sales of securities, net	Investment gains on sales of securities, net	—		651		> (100)%	366		986		(62.9)%	Investment gains on sales of securities, net	217		—		NM	156		366		(57.4)%
Trust fees	Trust fees	5,049		3,986		26.7%	14,798		12,114		22.2%	Trust fees	5,706		5,049		13.0%	17,744		14,798		19.9%
Income from equity method investment	Income from equity method investment	30,409		26,445		15.0%	91,430		59,245		54.3%	Income from equity method investment	41,341		30,409		35.9%	124,461		91,430		36.1%
Other noninterest income:	Other noninterest income:											Other noninterest income:
Interchange and other consumer fees	Interchange and other consumer fees	15,298		10,932		39.9%	42,026		29,224		43.8%	Interchange and other consumer fees	17,642		15,298		15.3%	51,488		42,026		22.5%
Bank-owned life insurance	Bank-owned life insurance	4,741		4,557		4.0%	14,210		13,935		2.0%	Bank-owned life insurance	5,658		4,741		19.3%	15,418		14,210		8.5%
Loan swap fees	Loan swap fees	1,579		365		> 100%	3,467		3,166		9.5%	Loan swap fees	1,187		1,579		(24.8)%	4,629		3,467		33.5%
SBA loan sales	SBA loan sales	3,814		1,469		> 100%	9,503		3,752		> 100%	SBA loan sales	1,576		3,814		(58.7)%	6,234		9,503		(34.4)%
Gains on other equity investments		8,604		460		> 100%	19,000		8		> 100%
Income from other equity investments												Income from other equity investments	725		8,604		(91.6)%	9,104		19,000		(52.1)%
Other noninterest income	Other noninterest income	3,147		3,875		(18.8)%	8,359		8,816		(5.2)%	Other noninterest income	5,022		3,147		59.6%	19,490		8,359		>100%
Total other noninterest income	Total other noninterest income	37,183		21,658		71.7%	96,565		58,901		63.9%	Total other noninterest income	31,810		37,183		(14.5)%	106,363		96,565		10.1%
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	$	104,095	$	91,065	14.3%	$	295,011	$	234,396	25.9%	Total noninterest income	$	104,805	$	104,095	0.7%	$	333,803	$	295,011	13.1%

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The decrease in service charges on deposit accounts in the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021 relates to the previously disclosed changes to our firm's insufficient funds and overdraft programs during the third quarter of 2022. The increase in service charges on deposit accounts in the ~~three and~~nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 ~~compared to~~is the ~~three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 relates to an increase in analysis fees, including fee waivers, and~~result of increased transaction volumes in commercial checking accounts which we believe is the result of the increased economic activity in our ~~markets from~~markets. We continue to expect future service charge revenues to be negatively impacted by the ~~closures that were the result of the COVID-19 pandemic.~~

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changes to our insufficient funds programs as was reflected in our third quarter 2022 balances.

Income from our wealth management groups (investments, insurance and trust) is also included in noninterest ~~income.~~income and has fluctuated during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 due in large part to market volatility. For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, commissions and fees from investment services at our financial advisory unit, Pinnacle Asset Management, a division of Pinnacle Bank, and fees from our wealth advisory group, PNFP Capital Markets, Inc., increased by ~~$2.9~~$1.1 million and ~~$4.9~~$7.8 million, respectively, when compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, Pinnacle Asset Management was receiving commissions and fees in connection with approximately ~~$6.6~~$7.2 billion and ~~$4.9~~$6.6 billion, respectively, in brokerage assets. ~~These~~The increases in these fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 when compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 were the result of among other things an increase in investment and transaction advisory fees from PNFP Capital Markets, Inc. which increased ~~$7.2~~$2.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and were offset in part by a decline in investment advisory fees from PNFP Capital Markets, Inc. which decreased $2.3 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 when compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020.2021. Revenues from the sale of insurance products by our insurance subsidiaries for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 increased by ~~$273,000~~$371,000 and ~~$433,000,~~$1.3 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in the prior year. Included in insurance revenues for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$953,000~~$1.4 million of contingent income that was based on ~~2020~~2021 sales production and claims experience compared to ~~$1.1 million~~$953,000 recorded in the same period in the prior year. Additionally, at both September 30, 2022 and 2021, our trust department was receiving fees on approximately $4.2 billion of managed ~~assets compared to $3.0 billion at September 30, 2020, reflecting organic growth and increased market valuations.~~assets. We believe the improvement in the results of our wealth management businesses during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the comparable periods in ~~2020~~2021 is primarily attributable to an increased ~~market valuations reflective~~number of ~~a stabilizing economy following the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.~~wealth management advisors and corresponding client acquisition.

Gains on mortgage loans sold, net, consists of fees from the origination and sale of mortgage loans. These mortgage fees are for loans primarily originated in our current markets that are subsequently sold to third-party investors. Substantially all of these loan sales transfer servicing rights to the buyer. Generally, mortgage origination fees increase in lower interest rate environments and more robust housing markets and decrease in rising interest rate environments and more challenging housing markets. Mortgage origination fees will fluctuate from quarter to quarter as the rate environment changes. Gains on mortgage loans sold, net, were ~~$7.8~~$1.1 million and ~~$28.2~~$7.3 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$19.5~~$7.8 million and ~~$47.7~~$28.2 million, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year. This decrease is the direct result of the ~~fluctuations~~increases in the rate environment ~~and the decrease in housing inventory in the markets where we operate~~ negatively impacting both refinancing and new purchase originations. We hedge a portion of our mortgage pipeline as part of a mandatory delivery program whereby the hedge protects against changes in the fair value of the pipeline. The hedge is not designated as a hedge for GAAP purposes and, as such, changes in its fair value are recorded directly through the income statement. The change in the fair value of the outstanding mortgage pipeline at the end of any reporting period will directly impact the amount of gain recorded for mortgage loans held for sale during that reporting period. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the mortgage pipeline included ~~$210.4~~$74.7 million in loans expected to close in ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$316.5~~$210.4 million in loans at September 30, ~~2020~~2021 expected to close in ~~2020.~~2021.

Investment gains and losses on sales, net, represent the net gains and losses on sales of investment securities in our available-for-sale securities portfolio during the periods noted. During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, $2.2~~2022, $26.6 million and $29.5 million, respectively, of securities were sold for a net gain of ~~$366,000~~$217,000 and $156,000,respectively, as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2021, when we sold no securities and the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020,~~2021, when we sold ~~approximately $145.6~~$2.2 million of securities for a net gain of ~~$986,000.~~$366,000.

Income from equity-method investment. Income from equity-method investment is comprised solely of income from our 49% equity-method investment in BHG. Prior to September 30, 2022, we held a portion of this investment at Pinnacle Financial and a portion at Pinnacle Bank. Effective September 30, 2022, Pinnacle Financial contributed 100% of the equity interests of BHG owned by it to Pinnacle Bank. BHG is engaged in the origination of commercial and consumer loans ~~primarily~~largely to healthcare providers and other skilled professionals throughout the United States. The loans originated by BHG are either financed by secured borrowings or sold ~~without recourse~~ to independent financial institutions and investors.

Income from this equity-method investment was ~~$30.4~~$41.3 million and ~~$91.4~~$124.5 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$26.4~~$30.4 million and ~~$59.2~~$91.4 million, respectively, for the same periods last year. Historically, BHG has sold the majority of the loans it originates to a network of bank purchasers through a combination of online auctions, direct sales and its direct purchase option. In ~~the second half of 2019,~~recent years, BHG began an effort to retain more loans on its balance sheet. ~~However, as~~BHG’s decision to sell loans through its auction platform or retain loans on its balance sheet will be impacted by a ~~result~~variety of ~~the economic uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, BHG sold~~factors, including interest rates. In a

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rising rate environment, it may choose to sell more loans through its auction platform ~~in 2020 than we had previously anticipated. Through~~if the ~~first nine months~~cost of 2021, BHG has returned to its strategy of retaining more of the loans it originates on its balance sheet. In the third quarter of 2020, second quarter of 2021 and third quarter of 2021, BHG completed three securitization issuances of approximately $160 million, $375 million and $372 million, respectively, in notes backed by commercial and consumerfinancing loans on its balance sheet ~~to provide additional funding.~~is not as attractive as a sale through its auction platform. Since 2020, BHG has completed six securitizations totaling $2.1 billion, with the latest securitization of $412 million having been completed in the third quarter of 2022.

Income from equity-method investment is recorded net of amortization expense associated with customer lists and other intangible assets of $128,000 and $384,000, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $188,000 and $564,000, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 compared to $293,000 and $880,000, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~2021. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, there were ~~$7.0~~$6.4 million of these intangible assets that are expected to be amortized in lesser amounts over the next 1413 years. Also included in income from equity-method investment is accretion income associated with the fair valuation of certain of BHG's liabilities of $164,000 and $595,000, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $349,000 and $1.2

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million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, compared to $535,000 and $1.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~2021. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, there were ~~$1.5 million~~$600,000 of these liabilities that are expected to accrete into income in lesser amounts over the next ~~five~~four years.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank received dividends of $18.6 million and $59.4 million, respectively, from BHG in the aggregate compared to $16.8 million and $66.2 million, respectively, ~~from BHG in the aggregate. During~~during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020, Pinnacle Financial and Pinnacle Bank received dividends of $40.0 million and $48.0 million, respectively, from BHG in the aggregate.~~2021. Dividends from BHG during such periods reduced the carrying amount of our investment in BHG, while earnings from BHG during such periods increased the carrying amount of our investment in BHG. Profits from intercompany transactions are eliminated. Our proportionate share of earnings from BHG is included in our consolidated tax return. During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank purchased loans from BHG of $49.6 million and $125.6 million, respectively, compared to loan purchases of $75.8 million and $200.7 million, respectively, ~~of loans from BHG compared to purchases of $50.2 million for~~during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. These loans were purchased at par pursuant to BHG's joint venture loan program whereby BHG and Pinnacle Bank share proportionately in the credit risk of the acquired loans based on the rate on the loan and the rate of the purchase. The yield on this portfolio to Pinnacle Bank is anticipated to be between ~~4.75%~~4.50% and ~~5.00%~~6.00% per annum. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were ~~$263.2~~$374.3 million and ~~$95.8~~$319.1 million, respectively, of BHG joint venture program loans held by Pinnacle Bank.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, BHG reported ~~$192.2~~$293.4 million and ~~$528.8~~$830.0 million, respectively, in revenues, net of substitution losses of ~~$21.5~~$25.6 million and ~~$75.0~~$63.7 million, respectively, compared to revenues of ~~$128.5~~$192.2 million and ~~$319.2~~$528.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020,~~2021, net of substitution losses of ~~$19.3~~$21.5 million and ~~$63.7~~$75.0 million, respectively. Earnings from BHG are likely to fluctuate from period-to-period. Approximately ~~$134.6~~$167.6 million and ~~$378.0~~$505.6 million, respectively, of BHG's revenues for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 related to gains on the sale of commercial and consumer loans compared to ~~$105.4~~$134.6 million and ~~$242.4~~$378.0 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. These loans have typically been sold by BHG with no recourse to a network of community banks and other financial institutions at a premium to the par value of the ~~loan. The~~loan, although the purchaser may access a BHG cash reserve account of up to 3% of the loan balance to support loan payments. BHG retains no servicing or other responsibilities related to the core product loan once sold. As a result, this gain on sale premium represents BHG's compensation for absorbing the costs to originate the loan as well as marketing expenses associated with maintaining its business model. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, there were ~~$4.1~~$5.1 billion and ~~$3.4~~$4.1 billion, respectively, of these loans previously sold by BHG that were being actively serviced by BHG's network of bank purchasers. BHG, at its sole option, may also provide purchasers of these loans the ability to substitute the acquired loan with another more recently-issued BHG loan should the previously-acquired loan become at least 90-days past due as to its monthly payments. As a result, BHG maintained a liability as of September 30, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ of ~~$231.4~~$270.3 million and ~~$256.3~~$231.4 million, respectively, that represents an estimate of the future inherent losses for the outstanding core portfolio that may be subject to future substitution due to payment default or loan prepayment. This liability represents ~~5.7%~~5.3% and ~~7.5%~~5.7%, respectively, of core product loans previously sold by BHG that remain outstanding as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The decrease in this liability inas a percentage of core product loans during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the comparable period ended September 30, ~~2020~~2021 was principally the result of a partial release of the reserve BHG recorded in 2020 related to the economic disruption associated with the COVID-19 pandemic which adversely impacted physician and dental practices in a material ~~manner.~~manner in 2020 and into 2021.

In addition to these loans that BHG sells into its auction market, at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, BHG reported loans that remained on BHG's balance sheet totaling ~~$1.9~~$3.3 billion compared to ~~$915.5 million~~$1.9 billion as of September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. A portion of these loans do not qualify for sale accounting and accordingly an offsetting secured borrowing liability has been recorded. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, BHG had ~~$1.5~~$2.4 billion and ~~$624.0 million,~~$1.5 billion, respectively, of secured borrowings associated with loans held for ~~investment which did not qualify for sale accounting.~~investment. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, BHG reported allowance for loan losses totaling ~~$41.5~~$101.3 million and ~~$19.4~~$41.5 million, respectively, with respect to the loans on its balance sheet. We anticipate that BHG will increase the level of allowance for loan losses for the remainder of 2022 given the current macroeconomic environment. BHG records its allowance for loan losses under the incurred loss method, but will be required to adopt CECL effective October 1, 2023. Interest income and fees associated with these on-balance sheet loans amounted to $116.3 million and $297.6 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $57.4 million and $136.0 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 compared to $18.0 million and $64.2 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~2021.

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Included in our other noninterest income are interchange and other consumer fees, gains from bank-owned life insurance, swap fees earned for the facilitation of derivative transactions for our clients, SBA loan sales, gains or losses on other equity investments and other noninterest income items. Interchange revenues increased ~~39.9%~~15.3% and ~~43.8%~~22.5%, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 as compared to the same periods in ~~2020~~2021 due to increased ~~debit and~~commercial credit card ~~transactions~~volumes period-over-period ~~and unused line fees during 2021~~ as compared to ~~2020.~~2021. Other noninterest income included changes in the cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance which was ~~$4.7~~$5.7 million and ~~$14.2~~$15.4 million, respectively, for ~~each of~~ the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$4.6~~$4.7 million and ~~$13.9~~$14.2 million, respectively, in the same periods in the prior year. The assets that support these policies are administered by the life insurance carriers and the income we recognize (i.e., increases or decreases in the cash surrender value of the policies) on these policies is dependent upon the crediting rates applied by the insurance carriers, which are subject to change at the discretion of the carriers, subject to any applicable floors. Earnings on these policies generally are not taxable. During the first nine months of 2022, we purchased an additional $100 million of bank owned life insurance. SBA loan sales are included in other noninterest income and ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$2.3~~$2.2 million and ~~$5.8~~$3.3 million, respectively, during the three

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and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the same periods in the prior year. The ~~increase~~decrease is primarily due to ~~increased volumes~~the changing market conditions during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as ~~well~~compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as ~~historically high premiums.~~SBA loan sales generally fluctuate based on general market conditions. Additionally, the carrying values of other equity investments we have made are adjusted either upwards or downwards from the transaction price to reflect expected exit values as evidenced by financing and sale transactions with third parties, or when determination of a valuation adjustment is confirmed through financial reports provided by the portfolio managers of the ~~investment.~~investments. Income related to these investments ~~increased $8.1~~decreased $7.9 million and ~~$19.0~~$9.9 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the same periods in the prior year as ~~a result of several~~we experienced greater increases in certain of our venture fund ~~investments experiencing increased~~investment valuations, due to changes in the valuations in their underlying portfolios, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2021 than was the case in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Loan swap fees decreased by $392,000 and increased by $1.2 million, ~~and $301,000,~~ respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 as compared to the same periods in ~~2020~~2021 due primarily to a change in the volume of activity resulting from the then current interest rate ~~environment.~~environments. The other components of other noninterest income ~~changed only slightly~~increased $1.9 million and $11.1 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 as~~2022 compared to the same periods in ~~2020 and includes all other noninterest income~~the prior year. The increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is largely the result of a $5.5 million gain on remeasurement of our previously held equity investment in JB&B, resulting from our bank subsidiary's acquisition on March 1, 2022 of the 80% equity interests of JB&B it did not ~~included in the above noted categories.~~previously own.

Noninterest Expense. Noninterest expense consists of salaries and employee benefits, equipment and occupancy expenses, other real estate expenses, and other operating expenses. The following is a summary of our noninterest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


		Three Months Ended September 30,				2021 - 2020	Nine Months Ended September 30,				2021 - 2020		Three Months Ended September 30,				2022-2021	Nine Months Ended September 30,				2022-2021
		2021		2020		Increase (Decrease)	2021		2020		Increase (Decrease)		2022		2021		Increase (Decrease)	2022		2021		Increase (Decrease)
Noninterest expense:	Noninterest expense:											Noninterest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits:	Salaries and employee benefits:											Salaries and employee benefits:
Salaries	Salaries	$	61,382	$	54,331	13.0%	$	177,593	$	161,152	10.2%	Salaries	$	74,776	$	61,382	21.8%	$	214,323	$	177,593	20.7%
Commissions	Commissions	6,097		3,892		56.7%	16,273		11,485		41.7%	Commissions	6,188		6,097		1.5%	18,763		16,273		15.3%
Cash and equity incentives	Cash and equity incentives	30,169		19,677		53.3%	85,103		34,782		>100%	Cash and equity incentives	30,747		30,169		1.9%	88,449		85,103		3.9%
Employee benefits and other	Employee benefits and other	14,758		12,203		20.9%	46,989		37,051		26.8%	Employee benefits and other	18,199		14,758		23.3%	56,838		46,989		21.0%
Total salaries and employee benefits	Total salaries and employee benefits	112,406		90,103		24.8%	325,958		244,470		33.3%	Total salaries and employee benefits	129,910		112,406		15.6%	378,373		325,958		16.1%
Equipment and occupancy	Equipment and occupancy	23,712		21,622		9.7%	70,253		64,626		8.7%	Equipment and occupancy	27,886		23,712		17.6%	80,343		70,253		14.4%
Other real estate (income) expense, net	Other real estate (income) expense, net	(79)		1,795		(>100%)	(749)		7,098		(>100%)	Other real estate (income) expense, net	(90)		(79)		(13.9%)	101		(749)		>100%
Marketing and other business development	Marketing and other business development	3,325		2,321		43.3%	8,326		7,714		7.9%	Marketing and other business development	4,958		3,325		49.1%	13,494		8,326		62.1%
Postage and supplies	Postage and supplies	2,083		1,761		18.3%	6,004		5,821		3.1%	Postage and supplies	2,795		2,083		34.2%	7,486		6,004		24.7%
Amortization of intangibles	Amortization of intangibles	2,088		2,417		(13.6%)	6,461		7,416		(12.9%)	Amortization of intangibles	1,951		2,088		(6.6%)	5,873		6,461		(9.1%)

Other noninterest expense:	Other noninterest expense:											Other noninterest expense:
Deposit related expense	Deposit related expense	5,754		6,035		(4.7%)	19,599		16,949		15.6%	Deposit related expense	6,689		5,754		16.2%	21,062		19,599		7.5%
Lending related expense	Lending related expense	10,137		7,089		43.0%	27,553		19,977		37.9%	Lending related expense	13,224		10,137		30.5%	39,063		27,553		41.8%
Wealth management related expense	Wealth management related expense	464		513		(9.6%)	1,409		1,571		(10.3%)	Wealth management related expense	590		464		27.2%	1,843		1,409		30.8%
Other noninterest expense	Other noninterest expense	8,961		10,196		(12.1%)	24,873		27,508		(9.6%)	Other noninterest expense	11,340		8,961		26.5%	30,314		24,873		21.9%
Total other noninterest expense	Total other noninterest expense	25,316		23,833		6.2%	73,434		66,005		11.3%	Total other noninterest expense	31,843		25,316		25.8%	92,282		73,434		25.7%
Total noninterest expense	Total noninterest expense	$	168,851	$	143,852	17.4%	$	489,687	$	403,150	21.5%	Total noninterest expense	$	199,253	$	168,851	18.0%	$	577,952	$	489,687	18.0%

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Total salaries and employee benefits expenses increased ~~$22.3~~$17.5 million and ~~$81.5~~$52.4 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021. The change in salaries and employee benefits was largely the result of the accrual of our cash and equity incentive plans at above-target payout during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to an accrual at below-target payout due to the effects of COVID-19 on our anticipated earnings and performance during the same periods in the prior year. Also impacting salaries and employee benefits was an increase in our associate base in ~~2021~~2022 versus ~~2020~~2021 as well as annual merit increases effective in January ~~2021.~~2022. Our associate base increased to ~~2,769.5~~3,184.5 full-time equivalent associates at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~2,596.5~~2,769.5 at September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. We expect salary and benefit expenses in ~~2021~~the fourth quarter of 2022 to increase when compared to ~~2020~~the comparable period in 2021 as we continue our focus on hiring experienced bankers in all of our ~~markets, and particularly if we continue to accrue cash and equity incentives at above-target payout based on anticipated earnings and performance in 2021.~~markets.

We believe that cash and equity incentives are a valuable tool in motivating an associate base that is focused on providing our clients effective financial advice and increasing shareholder value. As a result, and unlike many other financial institutions, all of our bank's non-commissioned associates participate in our annual cash incentive plan with a minimum targeted bonus equal to 10% of each associate's annual salary, and all of our bank's associates participate in our equity compensation plans. Under the ~~2021~~2022 annual cash incentive plan, the targeted level of incentive payments requires achievement of a certain soundness threshold and a targeted level of

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quarterly pre-tax, pre-provision net revenue (PPNR) and annual earnings per common share (subject to certain adjustments). To the extent that the soundness threshold is met and PPNR and earnings per common share are above or below the targeted amount, the aggregate incentive payments are increased or decreased. Historically, we have paid between 0% and 125% of our targeted incentives. For ~~2021,~~2022, maximum payouts under the plan could reach 125% of target compared to 160% of ~~target.~~target for 2021. Through both the third quarter of 2022 and 2021, we ~~have~~ accrued incentive costs for the cash incentive plan ~~in 2021~~ at maximum payout of our targeted ~~awards.~~awards of 125% and 160%, respectively.

Also included in employee benefits and other expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 were approximately ~~$6.8~~$10.7 million and ~~$17.8~~$30.9 million, respectively, of compensation expenses related to equity-based awards for restricted shares, restricted stock units and performance stock unit awards, compared to ~~$4.4~~$6.8 million and ~~$14.1~~$17.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. Under our equity incentive plans, we provide a broad-based equity incentive program for all of our bank's associates. We believe that equity incentives provide a vehicle for all associates to become meaningful shareholders of Pinnacle Financial over an extended period of time and create a shareholder-centric culture throughout our organization. Our compensation expense associated with equity awards with time-based vesting criteria is likely to continue to increase during the remainder of ~~2021~~2022 when compared to ~~2020~~2021 as a result of the increased number of associates and our intention to hire additional experienced financial advisors. Compensation expense associated with our performance-based vesting awards will continue to be impacted by our performance in ~~2021~~2022 and will likely be higher than the comparable prior year period during the remainder of ~~2021~~2022 as ~~beginning~~the amount of performance-based vesting awards granted in 2022 was greater than those granted in the ~~second quarter of 2020 and for the remainder of the year we accrued for those awards at below-target payout.~~prior year. Through the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we have accrued for ~~those~~that portion of our performance awards with performance tied to 2022 at above-target payout.

Employee benefits and other expenses were $18.2 million and $56.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $14.8 million and $47.0 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 ~~compared to $12.2 million and $37.1 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020~~ and include costs associated with our 401k plan, health insurance and payroll taxes. These costs fluctuate based on changes in our associate base and the level of participation in these programs by our associates. Costs associated with our health insurance and 401k plan programs increased ~~$817,000~~$1.4 million and ~~$5.6~~$4.4 million, respectively, in the aggregate during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021. These increases reflect the increase in our associate base in the respective periods, and in the case of our health insurance costs, increases in the premiums we paid for this coverage in 2022 compared to 2021 premium levels.

Equipment and occupancy expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 were $27.9 million and $80.3 million, respectively, compared to $23.7 million and $70.3 ~~million, respectively, compared to $21.6 million and $64.6~~ million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. The increases are in part the result of the three new office locations that ~~were~~we opened after September 30, 2021, one in ~~Huntsville, Alabama,~~Georgia, one in ~~the North Carolina market~~west Tennessee and the other in the ~~Middle Tennessee market during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.~~southern part of North Carolina. We expect to incur additional costs in future periods as we continue to enhance ~~both~~and expand our current locations, including in our new markets, and further develop our technology infrastructure. Additionally, during ~~the second quarter of~~ 2021, we announced our intention to move our corporate headquarters to ~~a newly announced~~an office tower under construction in Nashville, where we will be a founding partner and sponsor of the project. This move is currently planned for 2025 and will impact equipment and occupancy costs as we plan for this move.

Other real estate income and expenses, net, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~income~~a benefit of $90,000 and expense of $101,000, respectively, as compared to benefits of $79,000 and $749,000, ~~respectively, as compared to expenses of $1.8 million and $7.1 million,~~ respectively, for the same periods in the prior year. Included in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 were writedowns of previously foreclosed upon properties to market value based on updated appraisals obtained during those same time periods of $1.6 million and $7.0 million, respectively.

Marketing and business development expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was $5.0 million and $13.5 million, respectively, compared to $3.3 million and $8.3 ~~million, respectively, compared to $2.3 million and $7.7~~ million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. The primary source of ~~both~~ the increase for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021as~~2022 as compared to the same periods in ~~2020~~

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2021 is the result of ~~limited~~increased associate engagement as we brought back in-person ~~client~~orientation and associate meetings ~~and business development expenses that began at the end of~~beginning in the first quarter of ~~2020~~2022 and ~~continued through the first quarter of 2021~~increased client engagement as ~~a result of the~~pandemic-related restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. As was the case for many companies, as we began to see more restrictions lift in the second quarter of 2021 in our markets, marketing and business development expense began to correspondingly increase.lapsed. We expect these costs to rise modestly and return to more normalized levels ~~through~~during the ~~end~~remainder of ~~2021~~2022 and into 2023 taking into account anticipated increases associated with the associates we have hired since ~~the beginning of 2020.~~December 31, 2019.

Intangible amortization expense was ~~$2.1~~$2.0 million and ~~$6.5~~$5.9 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$2.4~~$2.1 million and ~~$7.4~~$6.5 million, respectively, for the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021. The following table outlines our amortizing intangible assets, their initial valuation and amortizable lives at September 30, ~~2021:~~2022:

Year
acquired Initial
Valuation
(in millions) Amortizable
Life
(in years) Remaining Value
(in millions)
Core Deposit Intangible:
CapitalMark 2015 $ 6.2 7 $ 0.1
Magna Bank 2015 3.2 6 —

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Year
acquired Initial
Valuation
(in millions) Amortizable
Life
(in years) Remaining Value
(in millions)
Avenue 2016 8.8 9 1.6
BNC 2017 48.1 10 21.7
Book of Business Intangible:
Miller Loughry Beach Insurance 2008 $ 1.3 20 $ 0.2
CapitalMark 2015 0.3 16 0.1
BNC Insurance 2017 0.4 20 0.2
BNC Trust 2017 1.9 10 1.1
Advocate Capital 2019 13.6 13 8.6


	Year acquired	Initial Valuation (in millions)		Amortizable Life (in years)	Remaining Value (in millions)
Core Deposit Intangible:



Avenue	2016	$	8.8	9	$	0.8
BNC	2017	48.1		10	17.4

Book of Business Intangible:
Miller Loughry Beach Insurance	2008	$	1.3	20	$	0.1
CapitalMark	2015	0.3		16	0.1
BNC Insurance	2017	0.4		20	0.2
BNC Trust	2017	1.9		10	0.9
Advocate Capital	2019	13.6		13	6.7
JB&B Capital	2022	6.7		10	6.1

These assets are being amortized on an accelerated basis which reflects the anticipated life of the underlying assets. Annual amortization expense of these intangibles is estimated to decrease from ~~$7.4~~$7.2 million to ~~$4.5~~$3.7 million per year over the next five years with lesser amounts for the remaining amortization period.

Other noninterest expenses, which consists primarily of deposit, lending, wealth management and administrative expenses increased by ~~$1.5~~$6.5 million and ~~$7.4~~$18.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. Lending related expense increased by ~~$3.0~~$3.1 million and ~~$7.6~~$11.5 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the same periods in the prior year. This increase is ~~in part~~primarily the result of ~~ancillary costs related to PPP lending as well as~~ increased expense associated with our consumer and commercial credit card programs for which transaction volumes also increased in the respective ~~periods.~~period. Deposit related expense ~~decreased by $281,000 and~~ increased by ~~$2.7~~$935,000 and $1.4 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to the same periods in ~~2020. Other noninterest~~2021. Wealth management related expenses ~~decreased in~~increased $126,000 and $434,000, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 as~~2022 when compared to the same periods in ~~2020~~2021 due primarily to ~~$4.9~~an increased number of accounts being serviced by these areas. Other noninterest expenses increased $2.4 million ~~in FHLB prepayment penalties resulting from our prepayment of $892.5~~and $5.4 million, ~~in FHLB borrowings~~respectively, during ~~the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Wealth management related expenses remained relatively flat for~~ the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 when~~2022 as compared to the same periods in ~~2020.~~2021 due in part to increases in consultant fees, contributions and other miscellaneous expense items.

Our efficiency ratio (the ratio of noninterest expense to the sum of net interest income and noninterest income) was 48.5% and 50.5%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 49.4% and 49.5%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021 compared to 48.3% and 48.3%, respectively, for the same periods in 2020. The efficiency ratio measures the amount of expense that is incurred to generate a dollar of revenue.~~2021. The efficiency ratio for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same periods in ~~2020~~2021 was negatively impacted in part by increased noninterest expense during the periods as a result of increased salaries and employee benefits ~~resulting from the accrual of our cash~~ and ~~equity incentives at above target payout during the periods,~~ a decrease in the amount of gains on mortgage loans sold ~~and~~offset, in part, by increased income from our equity method investment in ~~BHG.~~BHG and the impact of a rising interest rate environment.

Income Taxes. During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we recorded income tax expense of ~~$32.8~~$35.2 million and ~~$91.7~~$99.7 million, respectively, compared to ~~$26.4~~$32.8 million and ~~$36.0~~$91.7 million, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. Our effective tax rate for both the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was 19.1% compared 19.4% and 18.9%~~, respectively, compared 19.3% and 15.2%~~, respectively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. Our effective tax rate differs from the combined federal and state income tax statutory rate in effect of 26.14% primarily due to our investments in bank-qualified municipal securities, tax benefits from our real estate investment trust subsidiary, participation in Tennessee's Community Investment Tax Credit (CITC) program, tax benefits associated with share-based compensation, bank-owned life insurance and our captive insurance subsidiary, offset in part by the limitation on deductibility of meals and entertainment expense, non-deductible FDIC insurance premiums and non-deductible executive compensation. Our tax expense in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was impacted by the provision expense recorded in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, a portion of which was recorded in the first quarter of 2020 as a discrete item of total income tax and contributed a tax benefit of $22.4 million. Our tax rate in each period was also impacted by the vesting and exercise of equity-based awards previously granted under our equity-based compensation ~~program, resulting in~~program. For the ~~recognition of~~three months ended September 30, 2022, no excess tax benefits or expenses were recognized. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we recognized excess tax benefits of ~~$334,000 and $2.2 million, respectively,~~$2.9 million. Comparatively, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~compared to tax expense of $85,000 and~~we recognized excess tax benefits of ~~$505,000, respectively, for the three~~$334,000 and ~~nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~$2.2 million, respectively.

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Financial Condition

Our consolidated balance sheet at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 reflects an increase in total loans outstanding to ~~$23.1~~$27.7 billion compared to ~~$22.4~~$23.4 billion at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Total deposits increased by ~~$1.7~~$2.4 billion to ~~$29.4~~$33.7 billion between December 31, ~~2020~~2021 and September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. Total assets were ~~$36.5~~$41.0 billion at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$34.9~~$38.5 billion at December 31, ~~2020.~~

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2021.

Loans. The composition of loans at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and at December 31, ~~2020~~2021 and the percentage (%) of each classification to total loans are summarized as follows (in thousands):


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent			Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:									Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	2,954,519	12.8	%	$	2,802,227	12.5	%	Owner occupied	$	3,426,271	12.4	%	$	3,048,822	13.0	%
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	5,219,207		22.6	%	5,203,384		23.2	%	Non-owner occupied	6,164,981		22.2	%	5,221,704		22.3	%
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	3,540,439		15.4	%	3,099,172		13.8	%	Consumer real estate – mortgage	4,271,913		15.4	%	3,680,684		15.7	%
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	3,096,961		13.4	%	2,901,746		12.9	%	Construction and land development	3,548,970		12.8	%	2,903,017		12.4	%
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	7,788,153		33.8	%	8,038,457		35.9	%	Commercial and industrial	9,748,994		35.2	%	8,074,546		34.5	%
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	459,182		2.0	%	379,515		1.7	%	Consumer and other	550,565		2.0	%	485,489		2.1	%
Total loans	Total loans	$	23,058,461	100.0	%	$	22,424,501	100.0	%	Total loans	$	27,711,694	100.0	%	$	23,414,262	100.0	%

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, our loan portfolio composition had changed modestly from the composition at December 31, ~~2020 principally as a result of the PPP loan forgiveness and paydowns, which are classified as commercial and industrial loans, though~~2021 with commercial real estate and commercial and industrial lending generally ~~continue~~continuing to make up the largest segments of our portfolio. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, approximately ~~36.1%~~35.7% of the outstanding principal balance of our commercial real estate loans was secured by ~~owner-occupied~~owner occupied commercial real estate properties, compared to ~~35.0%~~36.9% at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Owner occupied commercial real estate is similar in many ways to our commercial and industrial lending in that these loans are generally made to businesses on the basis of the cash flows of the business rather than on the valuation of the real estate. Additionally, the construction and land development loan segment continues to be a meaningful portion of our portfolio and reflects the development and growth of the local communities in which we operate and is diversified between commercial, residential and land.

Banking regulations have established guidelines for the construction ratio of less than 100% of total risk-based capital and for the non-owner occupied ratio of less than 300% of total risk-based capital. Should a bank’s ratios be in excess of these guidelines, banking regulations generally require an increased level of monitoring in these lending areas by bank management. Both ratios are calculated by dividing certain types of loan balances for each of the two categories by Pinnacle Bank’s total risk-based capital. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank’s construction and land development loans as a percentage of total risk-based capital was ~~89.3%~~85.4% compared to ~~89.0%~~79.1% at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Construction and land development, non-owner occupied commercial real estate and multifamily loans as a percentage of total risk-based capital were ~~252.4%~~244.0% and ~~264.0%~~234.1% as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank was within the 100% and 300% guidelines and has established what it believes to be appropriate controls to monitor its lending in these areas as it aims to keep the level of these loans to below the 100% and 300% thresholds.

The following table ~~classifies~~presents the maturity distribution of our ~~fixed and variable rate loans~~loan portfolio by loan segment at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 according to contractual maturities of (1) one year or less, (2) after one ~~year through~~but within five years, ~~and~~ (3) after five but within fifteen years and (4) after fifteen years. The table also ~~classifies our~~presents the portion of loans by loan segment that have fixed interest rates or variable ~~rate loans pursuant to~~interest rates that fluctuate over the ~~contractual repricing dates~~life of the ~~underlying~~ loans ~~(in~~in accordance with changes in an interest rate index (dollars in thousands):

Amounts at September 30, 2021 Percentage Percentage
Fixed
Rates Variable
Rates Totals At September 30, 2021 At December 31, 2020
Based on contractual maturity:
Due within one year $ 3,285,032 $ 1,191,950 $ 4,476,982 19.4% 18.6%
Due in one year to five years 8,153,920 3,293,738 11,447,658 49.7% 54.4%
Due after five years 5,352,425 1,781,396 7,133,821 30.9% 27.0%
Totals $ 16,791,377 $ 6,267,084 $ 23,058,461 100.0% 100.0%
Based on contractual repricing dates:
Daily floating rate $ — $ 850,548 $ 850,548 3.7% 4.3%
Due within one year 3,285,032 4,893,399 8,178,431 35.5% 37.7%
Due in one year to five years 8,153,920 248,837 8,402,757 36.4% 37.7%
Due after five years 5,352,425 274,300 5,626,725 24.4% 20.3%
Totals $ 16,791,377 $ 6,267,084 $ 23,058,461 100.0% 100.0%


	Due in one year or less		After one but within five years		After five but within fifteen years		After fifteen years		Total

Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	203,819	$	1,397,562	$	1,446,420	$	378,470	$	3,426,271
Non-owner occupied	1,113,069		4,157,691		827,638		66,583		6,164,981
Consumer real estate - mortgage	87,871		471,776		360,910		3,351,356		4,271,913
Construction and land development	1,086,009		2,118,408		273,955		70,598		3,548,970
Commercial and industrial	2,357,346		5,304,002		1,837,526		250,120		9,748,994
Consumer and other	147,933		212,124		144,173		46,335		550,565
Total loans	$	4,996,047	$	13,661,563	$	4,890,622	$	4,163,462	$	27,711,694





Loans with fixed interest rates:
Commercial real estate:

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Owner-occupied	$	93,989	$	958,455	$	1,057,303	$	274,414	$	2,384,161
Non-owner occupied	394,341		2,288,914		516,139		48,998		3,248,392
Consumer real estate - mortgage	45,882		322,162		139,022		2,020,889		2,527,955
Construction and land development	142,348		401,590		170,133		42,027		756,098
Commercial and industrial	824,492		1,682,442		1,281,747		175,665		3,964,346
Consumer and other	80,809		106,688		142,713		46,335		376,545
Total loans	$	1,581,861	$	5,760,251	$	3,307,057	$	2,608,328	$	13,257,497

Loans with variable interest rates:
Commercial real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	109,830	$	439,107	$	389,117	$	104,056	$	1,042,110
Non-owner occupied	718,728		1,868,777		311,499		17,585		2,916,589
Consumer real estate - mortgage	41,989		149,614		221,888		1,330,467		1,743,958
Construction and land development	943,661		1,716,818		103,822		28,571		2,792,872
Commercial and industrial	1,532,854		3,621,560		555,779		74,455		5,784,648
Consumer and other	67,124		105,436		1,460		—		174,020
Total loans	$	3,414,186	$	7,901,312	$	1,583,565	$	1,555,134	$	14,454,197

The above information does not consider the impact of scheduled principal payments.

Loans in Past Due Status. The following table is a summary of our loans that were past due at least 30 days but less than 89 days and 90 days or more past due as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (in thousands):


		September 30,			December 31,				September 30,			December 31,
Loans past due 30 to 89 days:	Loans past due 30 to 89 days:	2021			2020			Loans past due 30 to 89 days:	2022			2021
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:							Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	2,519		$	3,606		Owner occupied	$	997		$	727
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	3,734			6,946			Non-owner occupied	939			1,434
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	10,192			9,187			Consumer real estate – mortgage	12,490			8,832
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	1,421			696			Construction and land development	67			61
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	8,712			26,079			Commercial and industrial	11,767			7,603
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	2,072			1,088			Consumer and other	4,594			2,283
Total loans past due 30 to 89 days	Total loans past due 30 to 89 days	$	28,650		$	47,602		Total loans past due 30 to 89 days	$	30,854		$	20,940

Loans past due 90 days or more:	Loans past due 90 days or more:							Loans past due 90 days or more:
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:							Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	1,618		$	1,860		Owner occupied	$	1,725		$	2,426
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	1,317			3,861			Non-owner occupied	1,244			645
Consumer real estate – mortgage	Consumer real estate – mortgage	5,265			6,274			Consumer real estate – mortgage	8,737			4,450
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	648			736			Construction and land development	—			127
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	4,557			4,408			Commercial and industrial	6,934			7,311
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	247			304			Consumer and other	785			372
Total loans past due 90 days or more	Total loans past due 90 days or more	$	13,652		$	17,443		Total loans past due 90 days or more	$	19,425		$	15,331

Ratios:	Ratios:							Ratios:
Loans past due 30 to 89 days as a percentage of total loans	Loans past due 30 to 89 days as a percentage of total loans	0.12		%	0.21		%	Loans past due 30 to 89 days as a percentage of total loans	0.11		%	0.09		%
Loans past due 90 days or more as a percentage of total loans	Loans past due 90 days or more as a percentage of total loans	0.06		%	0.08		%	Loans past due 90 days or more as a percentage of total loans	0.07		%	0.06		%
Total loans in past due status as a percentage of total loans	Total loans in past due status as a percentage of total loans	0.18		%	0.29		%	Total loans in past due status as a percentage of total loans	0.18		%	0.15		%

Potential Problem Loans. Potential problem loans, which are not included in nonperforming assets, amounted to approximately ~~$139.2~~$59.3 million, or ~~0.6%~~0.2% of total loans at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$173.5~~$109.6 million, or ~~0.8%~~0.5% of total loans at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Potential problem loans represent those loans with a well-defined weakness and where information about possible credit problems of borrowers has caused management to have doubts about the borrower's ability to comply with present repayment terms. This definition is believed to be substantially consistent with the standards established by Pinnacle Bank's primary regulators, for loans classified as substandard, ~~excluding~~or worse, but not considered nonperforming loans. None of the ~~impact of substandard nonaccrual loans and substandard troubled debt restructurings. Troubled debt restructurings are not included in potential problem loans. Approximately $2.7 million of~~ potential problem loans were past due at least 30 days but less than 90 days as of September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

Nonperforming Assets and Troubled Debt Restructurings. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we had ~~$55.1~~$41.9 million in nonperforming assets compared to ~~$86.2~~$40.1 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Included in nonperforming assets were ~~$46.7~~$34.1 million in nonaccrual loans and ~~$8.4~~ $7.8

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million in OREO and other nonperforming assets at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~$73.8~~$31.6 million in nonaccrual loans and ~~$12.4~~$8.5 million in OREO and other nonperforming assets at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, there were ~~$2.4~~$2.2 million and ~~$2.5~~$2.4 million, respectively, of troubled debt restructurings, all of which were accruing as of the restructured date and remain on accrual status.

Section 4013 of the CARES Act and bank regulatory interagency guidance gave entities temporary relief from the accounting and disclosure requirements for TDRs indicating that a lender could conclude that the modifications are not a troubled debt restructuring if the borrower was less than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019. We have followed the guidance under the CARES Act and the interagency guidance related to these loan modifications. At September 30, 2021, we had approximately $791.4 million in loans modified under Section 4013 of the CARES Act, compared to approximately $825.6 million at December 31, 2020.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans ~~(allowance)~~(ACL). On January 1, 2020, we adopted FASB ASU 2016-13, which introduced the current expected credit losses (CECL) methodology and required us to estimate all expected credit losses over the remaining life of our loan portfolio. Accordingly, the ~~allowance for credit losses~~ACL represents an amount that, in management's evaluation, is adequate to provide coverage for all expected future credit losses on outstanding loans. As of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, our ~~allowance for credit losses~~ACL was approximately ~~$268.6~~$288.1 million and ~~$285.1~~$263.2 million, respectively, which our management believed to be adequate at each of the respective dates. Our ~~allowance for credit losses~~ACL as a percentage of total loans, inclusive of PPP loans, was

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~~1.17%~~ 1.04% at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, down from ~~1.27%~~1.12% at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. No ~~allowance for credit losses~~ACL has been recorded for PPP loans as they are fully guaranteed by the SBA.

~~The decrease in the allowance for credit losses is largely the result of the improvements in the macroeconomic forecast.~~ Our CECL models rely largely on recent historical and projected future macroeconomic conditions to estimate future credit losses. Macroeconomic factors used in the model include the national unemployment rate, gross domestic product, the commercial real estate price index and certain U.S. Treasury interest rates. Projections of these macroeconomic factors, obtained from an independent third party, are utilized to predict quarterly rates of default. These macroeconomic factors experienced significant deterioration during the first six months of 2020, resulting in a significant increase in our allowance for credit losses during the same period. Though these factors improved during the second half of 2020 and through the first three quarters of 2021 resulting in a reduction in the level of our allowance, should they deteriorate in future periods our modeling may require increased levels of provision expense over those recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Under the CECL methodology, the allowance for credit losses is measured on a collective basis for pools of loans with similar risk characteristics, and for loans that do not share similar risk characteristics with the collectively evaluated pools, evaluations are performed on an individual basis.

Losses are predicted over a period of time determined to be reasonable and supportable, and at the end of the reasonable and supportable period losses are reverted to long term historical averages. At September 30, ~~2021 and December 31, 2020,~~2022, a reasonable and supportable ~~periods~~period of ~~24 and 18~~twenty-four months ~~respectively, were~~was utilized for all loan segments followed by a 12twelve month straight line reversion period to long term averages. The increase in the reasonable and supportable period to 24 months was to allow for adequate consideration of forecasted periods of economic recovery subsequent to the potential future impacts of the COVID-19 related economic deterioration which continues to be considered in the forecast. The inclusion of additional forecast periods did not have a significant impact on reserve levels at September 30, 2021.

The following table sets forth, based on management's estimate, the allocation of the allowance for credit losses on loans to categories of loans ~~as of September 30, 2021~~ and ~~December 31, 2020~~loan balances by category and the percentage of loans in each category to total loans and allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans within each loan category as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 (in thousands):


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent			ACL Allocated ($)		Total Loans ($)		ACL to Total Loans (%)		Loans to Total Loans (%)		ACL Allocated ($)		Total Loans ($)		ACL to Total Loans (%)		Loans to Total Loans (%)
Commercial real estate:	Commercial real estate:									Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	Owner occupied	$	19,259	12.8	%	$	23,298	12.5	%	Owner occupied	$	20,069	$	3,426,271	0.59	%	12.4	%	$	19,618	$	3,048,822	0.64	%	13.0	%
Non-owner occupied	Non-owner occupied	74,026		22.6	%	79,132		23.2	%	Non-owner occupied	50,564		6,164,981		0.82	%	22.2	%	58,504		5,221,704		1.12	%	22.3	%
Consumer real estate - mortgage	Consumer real estate - mortgage	31,025		15.4	%	33,304		13.8	%	Consumer real estate - mortgage	35,465		4,271,913		0.83	%	15.4	%	32,104		3,680,684		0.87	%	15.7	%
Construction and land development	Construction and land development	32,860		13.4	%	42,408		12.9	%	Construction and land development	28,621		3,548,970		0.81	%	12.8	%	29,429		2,903,017		1.01	%	12.4	%
Commercial and industrial	Commercial and industrial	101,416		33.8	%	98,423		35.9	%	Commercial and industrial	140,285		9,748,994		1.44	%	35.2	%	112,340		8,074,546		1.39	%	34.5	%
Consumer and other	Consumer and other	10,049		2.0	%	8,485		1.7	%	Consumer and other	13,084		550,565		2.38	%	2.0	%	11,238		485,489		2.31	%	2.1	%

Total allowance for credit losses on loans		$	268,635	100.0	%	$	285,050	100.0	%
Total										Total	$	288,088	$	27,711,694	1.04	%	100.0	%	$	263,233	$	23,414,262	1.12	%	100.0	%

The following ~~is a summary of changes in the allowance for~~table presents information related to credit losses on loans by loan segment for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~for the~~ year ended December 31, ~~2020 and the ratio of the allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans as of the end of each period~~2021 (in thousands):

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2021 Year ended
December 31, 2020
Balance at beginning of period $ 285,050 $ 94,777
Impact of adopting ASC 326 — 38,102
Provision for credit losses on loans 14,231 191,542
Charged-off loans:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied (1,246) (2,598)
Non-owner occupied (672) (546)
Consumer real estate – mortgage (626) (3,478)
Construction and land development (367) —
Commercial and industrial (32,890) (38,718)
Consumer and other loans (3,518) (3,993)
Total charged-off loans (39,319) (49,333)
Recoveries of previously charged-off loans:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied 1,158 1,317


	Provision for credit losses		Net (charge-offs) recoveries		Average loans		Ratio of net (charge-offs) recoveries to average loans (1)
For the nine months ended September 30, 2022:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	$	490	$	(39)	$	3,180,313	—	%
Non-owner occupied	(7,903)		(37)		5,635,077		—	%
Consumer real estate - mortgage	2,472		889		3,925,478		0.03	%
Construction and land development	(822)		14		3,269,211		—	%
Commercial and industrial	40,236		(12,291)		8,876,433		(0.19)	%
Consumer and other	5,200		(3,354)		460,575		(0.97)	%
Total	$	39,673	$	(14,818)	$	25,347,087	(0.08)	%

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Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2021 Year ended
December 31, 2020
Non-owner occupied 486 911
Consumer real estate – mortgage 1,690 1,493
Construction and land development 269 147
Commercial and industrial 2,848 4,540
Consumer and other loans 2,222 1,554
Total recoveries of previously charged-off loans 8,673 9,962
Net charge-offs (30,646) (39,371)
Balance at end of period $ 268,635 $ 285,050
Ratio of allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans outstanding at end of period 1.17 % 1.27 %
Ratio of net charge-offs to average total loans outstanding for the period (1)
0.18 % 0.18 %


	Provision for credit losses		Net (charge-offs) recoveries		Average loans		Ratio of net (charge-offs) recoveries to average loans (1)
For the year ended December 31, 2021:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	$	(3,869)	$	189	$	2,891,798	0.01	%
Non-owner occupied	(20,811)		183		5,358,828		—	%
Consumer real estate - mortgage	(2,856)		1,656		3,320,083		0.05	%
Construction and land development	(12,984)		5		2,845,957		—	%
Commercial and industrial	52,645		(38,728)		8,154,391		(0.47)	%
Consumer and other	4,781		(2,028)		403,624		(0.05)	%
Total	$	16,906	$	(38,723)	$	22,974,681	(0.17)	%

(1) Net charge-offs for the year-to-date period ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 have been annualized.

Pinnacle Financial's management assesses the adequacy of the ~~allowance~~ACL on a quarterly basis. This assessment includes procedures to estimate the ~~allowance~~ACL and test the adequacy and appropriateness of the resulting balance. The level of the ~~allowance~~ACL is based upon management's evaluation of historical default and loss experience, current and projected economic conditions, asset quality trends, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrowers' ability to repay the loan (including the timing of future payments), the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, industry and peer bank loan quality indications and other pertinent factors, including regulatory recommendations. The ~~allowance~~ACL is increased by provisions charged to expense and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries of amounts previously charged-off.

Based upon our evaluation of the loan portfolio, we believe the ~~allowance for credit losses~~ACL to be adequate to absorb our estimate of expected future credit losses on loans outstanding at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. While our policies and procedures used to estimate the ~~allowance for credit losses~~ACL as well as the resultant provision for credit losses charged to operations are considered adequate by management, they are necessarily approximate and imprecise. There are factors beyond our control, such as conditions in the local and national economy, local real estate ~~market~~markets or a particular industry or borrower which may negatively impact, materially, our asset quality and the adequacy of our ~~allowance for credit losses~~ACL and, thus, the resulting provision for credit losses.

Investments. Our investment securities portfolio, consisting primarily of Federal agency bonds, mortgage-backed securities, and state and municipal securities, amounted to ~~$5.6 billion and $4.6~~$6.5 billion at September 30, ~~2021 and~~2022 compared to $6.1 billion at December 31, ~~2020, respectively.~~2021. Our investment portfolio serves many purposes including serving as a stable source of income, as collateral for public funds deposits and as a potential liquidity source. A summary of our investment portfolio at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 follows:

September 30, 2021

December 31, 2020

September 30, 2022

December 31, 2021

Weighted average life

6.72 years

6.51 years

Weighted average life

11.70 years

6.26 years

Effective duration*

4.46%

4.35%

Effective duration*

4.85%

4.07%

Tax equivalent yield

2.04%

2.28%

Tax equivalent yield

2.66%

2.08%

(*) The metric is presented net of fair value hedges tied to certain investment portfolio holdings. The effective duration of the investment portfolio without the fair value hedges as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 was ~~5.66%~~6.65% and ~~5.45%~~5.21%, respectively.

Restricted Cash. Our restricted cash balances totaled approximately ~~$104.2~~$18.6 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$223.8~~$82.5 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. This restricted cash is maintained at other financial institutions as collateral primarily for our derivative portfolio. The decrease in restricted cash is attributable primarily to a decrease in collateral requirements on certain derivative instruments for which the fair value has increased. See Note 8. Derivative Instruments in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.

Securities Purchased with Agreement to Resell. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had ~~$500.0~~$529.0 million and $1.0 billion, respectively, in securities purchased with agreement to resell. This balance is the result of repurchase agreement transactions with financial institution counterparties. ~~These~~During 2021, these investments allowed us to deploy some of our excess liquidity position into ~~an instrument~~instruments that ~~improves~~improved the return on ~~those~~ funds in the then current historically low interest rate environment. ~~Additionally,~~During 2022, we ~~believe it positions us more favorably for a potential rising interest rate environment~~have opted to exit certain of these transactions to both fund our loan growth as well as repay certain FHLB advances to best support our firm in the ~~future. During the nine months ended September 30, 3021, we purchased $500.0 million of these types of securities. No securities were purchased with agreement to resell prior to 2021.~~current rising rate environment.

Deposits and Other Borrowings. We had approximately ~~$29.4~~$33.7 billion of deposits at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~$27.7~~$31.3 billion at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Our deposits consist of noninterest and interest-bearing demand accounts, savings accounts, money market accounts and time deposits. Additionally, we routinely enter into agreements with certain customers to sell certain securities under

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agreements to repurchase the security the following day. These agreements (which are typically associated with comprehensive treasury management programs for our clients and provide them with short-term returns for their excess funds) amounted to ~~$148.2~~

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$190.6 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~$128.2~~$152.6 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Additionally, at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, Pinnacle Bank had borrowed ~~$888.5~~$889.2 million and ~~$1.1 billion,~~$888.7 million, respectively, in advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati (FHLB). At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, Pinnacle Bank had approximately ~~$2.8~~$3.7 billion in additional availability with the FHLB; however, incremental borrowings are subject to applicable collateral requirements and are made in a formal request by Pinnacle Bank and the subsequent approval by the FHLB.

Generally, we have classified our funding base as either core funding or noncore funding as shown in the table below. The following table represents the balances of our deposits and other funding, the average rate paid for each type and the percentage of each type to the total at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020:~~2021 (in thousands):

September 30, 2021 Percent December 31, 2020 Percent
Core funding:
Noninterest-bearing deposit accounts $ 9,809,691 31.7% $ 7,392,325 25.0%
Interest-bearing demand accounts 4,292,951 13.9% 4,055,259 13.7%
Savings and money market accounts 9,264,458 29.9% 8,303,911 28.1%
Time deposit accounts less than $250,000 1,043,344 3.4% 1,295,765 4.4%
Reciprocating demand deposit accounts (1)
957,479 3.1% 884,450 3.0%
Reciprocating savings accounts (1)
1,618,485 5.2% 1,358,154 4.6%
Reciprocating CD accounts (1)
183,959 0.6% 221,019 0.7%
Total core funding 27,170,367 87.8% 23,510,883 79.5%
Noncore funding:
Relationship based noncore funding:
Other time deposits 631,532 2.0% 722,609 2.4%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 148,240 0.5% 128,164 0.4%
Total relationship based noncore funding 779,772 2.5% 850,773 2.8%
Wholesale funding:

Brokered deposits 1,014,946 3.3% 2,186,844 7.4%
Brokered time deposits 552,962 1.8% 1,285,239 4.3%
Federal Home Loan Bank advances 888,493 2.9% 1,087,927 3.7%
Paycheck Protection Program liquidity facility — —% — —%
Subordinated debt and other funding 542,712 1.7% 670,575 2.3%
Total wholesale funding 2,999,113 9.7% 5,230,585 17.7%
Total noncore funding 3,778,885 12.2% 6,081,358 20.5%
Totals $ 30,949,252 100.0% $ 29,592,241 100.0%


	September 30, 2022		Average Rate Paid	Percent	December 31, 2021		Average Rate Paid	Percent
Core funding:
Noninterest-bearing deposit accounts	$	10,567,873	0.00%	30.0%	$	10,461,071	0.00%	31.9%
Interest-bearing demand accounts	5,495,521		0.90%	15.6%	4,936,735		0.14%	15.1%
Savings and money market accounts	10,133,636		0.71%	28.8%	9,792,104		0.18%	29.9%
Time deposit accounts less than $250,000	1,184,453		0.79%	3.4%	998,586		0.65%	3.0%
Reciprocating demand deposit accounts (1)	1,521,373		0.71%	4.3%	1,075,774		0.21%	3.3%
Reciprocating savings accounts (1)	1,614,183		1.11%	4.6%	1,885,806		0.26%	5.8%
Reciprocating CD accounts (1)	231,778		1.22%	0.7%	166,836		0.57%	0.5%
Total core funding	30,748,817		0.51%	87.4%	29,316,912		0.14%	89.5%
Noncore funding:
Relationship based noncore funding:
Other time deposits	800,774		1.01%	2.3%	565,184		0.76%	1.7%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	190,554		0.34%	0.5%	152,559		0.15%	0.5%
Total relationship based noncore funding	991,328		0.85%	2.8%	717,743		0.65%	2.2%
Wholesale funding:
Brokered deposits	1,497,606		3.06%	4.3%	1,019,259		0.31%	3.1%
Brokered time deposits	642,852		1.98%	1.8%	403,178		1.15%	1.2%
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	889,248		2.26%	2.5%	888,681		2.01%	2.7%

Subordinated debt and other funding	423,834		4.54%	1.2%	423,172		4.38%	1.3%
Total wholesale funding	3,453,540		2.81%	9.8%	2,734,290		1.60%	8.3%
Total noncore funding	4,444,868		2.40%	12.6%	3,452,033		1.42%	10.5%
Totals	$	35,193,685	0.75%	100.0%	$	32,768,945	0.33%	100.0%

(1)The reciprocating categories consists of deposits we receive from a bank network (the IntraFi network) in connection with deposits of our customers in excess of our FDIC coverage limit that we place with the IntraFi network.

As noted in the table above, our core funding as a percentage of total funding ~~increased~~declined slightly moving from ~~79.5%~~89.5% at December 31, ~~2020~~2021 to ~~87.8%~~87.4% at September 30, ~~2021, primarily~~2022 but remained well above internal policies. We remain optimistic that we will be able to grow our levels of core funding as needed during the remainder of 2022 and into 2023 to fund our balance sheet in a ~~result~~sound manner. We created and implemented several deposit gathering initiatives in 2022 as part of our annual strategic planning process in anticipation of the significant increase in deposits estimated to have been funded, in part, by PPP loans and other government stimulus payments, and our release of wholesale funding that was intentionally acquired to build on-balance sheet liquidity asmore challenging deposit gathering environment we ~~prepared for the initial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic but that we began releasing~~are seeing develop in the ~~first~~fourth quarter of ~~2021~~2022 and have continued releasing, where possible, through the third quarter of 2021 based on our view of then current market conditions. Competition for core deposits in our markets remains very competitive and we continueinto 2023 as M2 money supply levels are projected to ~~anticipate that our percentage of non-core funding is likely to increase as PPP loan funds and stimulus monies are utilized.~~

decline. When wholesale funding is necessary to complement the company's core deposit base, management determines which source is best suited to address both liquidity risk management and interest rate risk management objectives. Our Asset Liability Management Policy imposes limitations on overall wholesale funding reliance and on brokered deposit exposure specifically. Both our overall reliance on wholesale funding and exposure to brokered deposits and brokered time deposits were within those policy limitations as of September 30, ~~2021.~~

Our funding policies impose limits on the amount of non-core funding we can utilize based on the non-core funding dependency ratio which is calculated pursuant to regulatory guidelines. Periodically, we may exceed our policy limitations, at which time management will develop plans to bring our funding sources back into compliance with our core funding ratios. At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, we were in compliance with our core funding policies. Though growing our core deposit base is a key strategic

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objective of our firm and we experienced meaningful growth in core deposits in the first nine months of 2021, we may increase our non-core funding amounts from current levels if we need to do so to fund growth or increase levels of on-balance sheet liquidity, but we do not currently anticipate that such increases will exceed the limits we have established in our internal policies for total levels of non-core funding.2022.

The amount of time deposits as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 amounted to ~~$2.4~~$2.9 billion. The following table shows our time deposits in denominations of less than $250,000 and in denominations of $250,000 and greater by category based on time remaining until maturity and the weighted average rate for each category as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 (in thousands):

Balances Weighted Avg. Rate
Denominations less than $250,000
Three months or less $ 506,734 0.59 %
Over three but less than six months 308,310 0.41 %
Over six but less than twelve months 540,670 0.65 %
Over twelve months 381,917 0.59 %
$ 1,737,631 0.58 %
Denominations $250,000 and greater
Three months or less $ 212,032 0.43 %
Over three but less than six months 148,861 0.69 %
Over six but less than twelve months 188,844 0.61 %
Over twelve months 124,429 0.46 %
$ 674,166 0.55 %
Totals $ 2,411,797 0.57 %


	Balances		Weighted Avg. Rate
Denominations less than $250,000
Three months or less	$	541,801	0.76	%

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Over three but less than six months	289,983		1.00	%
Over six but less than twelve months	807,460		1.68	%
Over twelve months	333,354		1.92	%
	$	1,972,598	1.37	%
Denominations $250,000 and greater
Three months or less	$	346,019	1.12	%
Over three but less than six months	156,116		1.28	%
Over six but less than twelve months	211,578		1.30	%
Over twelve months	173,546		2.19	%
	$	887,259	1.40	%
Totals	$	2,859,857	1.38	%

Subordinated debt and other borrowings. Pinnacle Bank receives advances from the FHLB pursuant to the terms of various borrowing agreements which assist it in the funding of its home mortgage and commercial real estate loan portfolios. Under the borrowing agreements with the FHLB, Pinnacle Bank has pledged certain qualifying residential mortgage loans and, pursuant to a blanket lien, all qualifying commercial mortgage loans as collateral. At September 30, 2022, Pinnacle Bank had received advances from the FHLB totaling $1.3 billion. At September 30, 2022, the scheduled maturities of FHLB advances and interest rates are as follows (in thousands):


	Scheduled maturities		Weighted average interest rates (1)
2022	$	—	—	%
2023	—		—	%
2024	—		—	%
2025	116,250		3.51	%
2026	—		—	%
Thereafter	775,013		2.15	%
	891,263
Deferred costs	(2,015)
Total Federal Home Loan Bank advances	$	889,248
Weighted average interest rate			2.32	%

(1)Some FHLB advances include variable interest rates and could increase in the future. The table reflects rates in effect as of September 30, 2022.

We have established, or through acquisition acquired, twelve statutory business trusts which were established to issue 30-year trust preferred securities and certain other subordinated debt agreements. These securities qualify as Tier 2 capital subject to annual phase outs beginning five years from maturity. On April 22, 2020, we established a credit facility with the Federal Reserve Bank in conjunction with the PPP, with available borrowing capacity equal to the outstanding balance of PPP loans, which totaled approximately $708.7 million at September 30, 2021. There were no amounts outstanding under this facility at September 30, 2021. These instruments are outlined below (in thousands):

Name Date
Established Maturity Total Debt Outstanding Interest Rate at September 30, 2021 Coupon Structure
Trust preferred securities
Pinnacle Statutory Trust I December 29, 2003 December 30, 2033 $ 10,310 2.92 % 30-day LIBOR + 2.80%
Pinnacle Statutory Trust II September 15, 2005 September 30, 2035 20,619 1.53 % 30-day LIBOR + 1.40%
Pinnacle Statutory Trust III September 7, 2006 September 30, 2036 20,619 1.78 % 30-day LIBOR + 1.65%
Pinnacle Statutory Trust IV October 31, 2007 September 30, 2037 30,928 2.97 % 30-day LIBOR + 2.85%
BNC Capital Trust I April 3, 2003 April 15, 2033 5,155 3.38 % 30-day LIBOR + 3.25%
BNC Capital Trust II March 11, 2004 April 7, 2034 6,186 2.98 % 30-day LIBOR + 2.85%
BNC Capital Trust III September 23, 2004 September 23, 2034 5,155 2.53 % 30-day LIBOR + 2.40%
BNC Capital Trust IV September 27, 2006 December 31, 2036 7,217 1.83 % 30-day LIBOR + 1.70%
Valley Financial Trust I June 26, 2003 June 26, 2033 4,124 3.23 % 30-day LIBOR + 3.10%
Valley Financial Trust II September 26, 2005 December 15, 2035 7,217 1.61 % 30-day LIBOR + 1.49%
Valley Financial Trust III December 15, 2006 January 30, 2037 5,155 1.86 % 30-day LIBOR + 1.73%
Southcoast Capital Trust III August 5, 2005 September 30, 2035 10,310 1.63 % 30-day LIBOR + 1.50%
Subordinated Debt
Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes November 16, 2016 November 16, 2026 120,000 5.25 %
Fixed (1)
Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes September 11, 2019 September 15, 2029 300,000 4.13 %
Fixed (2)
Debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments (10,283)
Total subordinated debt and other borrowings $ 542,712

~~(1)~~ ~~Migrates to three month LIBOR + 3.884% beginning November 16, 2021 through the end of the term.~~

~~(2)~~ ~~Migrates to three month LIBOR + 2.775% beginning September 15, 2024 through the end of the term.~~


Name	Date Established	Maturity	Total Debt Outstanding		Interest Rate at September 30, 2022		Coupon Structure
Trust preferred securities
Pinnacle Statutory Trust I	December 29, 2003	December 30, 2033	$	10,310	6.33	%	30-day LIBOR + 2.80% (1)
Pinnacle Statutory Trust II	September 15, 2005	September 30, 2035	20,619		5.07	%	30-day LIBOR + 1.40% (1)
Pinnacle Statutory Trust III	September 7, 2006	September 30, 2036	20,619		5.32	%	30-day LIBOR + 1.65% (1)
Pinnacle Statutory Trust IV	October 31, 2007	September 30, 2037	30,928		6.14	%	30-day LIBOR + 2.85% (1)
BNC Capital Trust I	April 3, 2003	April 15, 2033	5,155		5.76	%	30-day LIBOR + 3.25% (1)
BNC Capital Trust II	March 11, 2004	April 7, 2034	6,186		5.36	%	30-day LIBOR + 2.85% (1)
BNC Capital Trust III	September 23, 2004	September 23, 2034	5,155		4.91	%	30-day LIBOR + 2.40% (1)
BNC Capital Trust IV	September 27, 2006	December 31, 2036	7,217		5.37	%	30-day LIBOR + 1.70% (1)
Valley Financial Trust I	June 26, 2003	June 26, 2033	4,124		6.74	%	30-day LIBOR + 3.10% (1)
Valley Financial Trust II	September 26, 2005	December 15, 2035	7,217		4.78	%	30-day LIBOR + 1.49% (1)
Valley Financial Trust III	December 15, 2006	January 30, 2037	5,155		4.51	%	30-day LIBOR + 1.73% (1)
Southcoast Capital Trust III	August 5, 2005	September 30, 2035	10,310		5.17	%	30-day LIBOR + 1.50% (1)

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Name

Date
Established

Maturity

Total Debt Outstanding

Interest Rate at September 30, 2022

Coupon Structure

Subordinated Debt

Pinnacle Financial Subordinated Notes

September 11, 2019

September 15, 2029

300,000

4.13

Fixed (2)

Debt issuance costs and fair value adjustments

(9,161)

Total subordinated debt and other borrowings

423,834

We(1) Transitions to an alternative benchmark rate plus a comparable spread adjustment in the event that 30-day LIBOR is no longer published on a future adjustment date.

(2) Migrates to three month LIBOR + 2.775% (or an alternative benchmark rate plus a comparable spread in the event three month LIBOR is no longer published on such adjustment date) beginning September 15, 2024 through the end of the term.

On July 30, 2021, Pinnacle Bank redeemed ~~the~~ $130.0 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due July 30, ~~2025 issued by~~2025. Additionally, Pinnacle ~~Bank effective July 30, 2021. This redemption was funded with existing cash on hand. In addition, we notified the holders of the~~Financial redeemed $120.0 million aggregate principal amount of subordinated notes due November 16, 2026 ~~of our intent to redeem those notes~~ on November 16, 2021. ~~This redemption is intended to be~~The redemptions were funded with existing cash on hand. ~~All~~Pursuant to regulatory ~~permissions have been received related~~guidelines, once the maturity date on subordinated notes is within five years, a portion of the notes will no longer be eligible to ~~this anticipated redemption.~~be included in regulatory capital, with an additional portion being excluded each year over the five year period approaching maturity.

Capital Resources. At both September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, our shareholders' equity amounted to ~~$5.2 billion compared to $4.9 billion at~~$5.3 billion. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, shareholders' equity was negatively impacted by accumulated other comprehensive losses on our available-for-sale securities portfolio that were caused by the rising short-term interest rate environment. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2020. During the second quarter of 2020, we issued 9.0 million depositary shares, each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of Series B Preferred Stock with a liquidation preference of $1,000 per share of Series B Preferred Stock in a registered public offering to both retail and institutional investors. Net proceeds from the transaction after underwriting discounts and offering costs were approximately $217.1 million. The net proceeds were initially retained by Pinnacle Financial and the remaining net proceeds are available to support our obligations including payments related to our outstanding indebtedness and dividend payments on the Series B Preferred Stock, to support the capital needs of our company and our bank, and for other general corporate purposes. For additional information regarding2021, our capital ratios, including our bank's capital ratios, exceeded regulatory minimum capital requirements and ~~shareholders’ equity, see~~those necessary to be considered well-capitalized under applicable federal regulations. See Note 10. Regulatory Matters in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this Form ~~10-Q.~~10-Q for additional information regarding our capital ratios. From time to time we may be required to support the capital needs of our bank (Pinnacle Bank). At September 30, 2022, we had approximately $158.4 million of cash at the parent company that could be used to support our bank.

Share Repurchase Program. During the quarter ended March 31, 2020, we repurchased approximately 1.0 million shares of our common stock at an aggregate cost of $50.8 million under our previously authorized share repurchase agreement. Our last purchase of shares of our common stock under the prior share repurchase program occurred on March 19, 2020, as we suspended the program due to uncertainty surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic and it remained suspended until its expiration on December 31, 2020. On January 19, 2021, our board of directors authorized a ~~new~~ share repurchase program for up to $125.0 million of our outstanding common stock. The authorization for this program ~~will~~remained in effect through March 31, 2022. On January 18, 2022, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $125.0 million of our common stock which commenced upon the expiration of the share repurchase program that expired on March 31, 2022. The new authorization is to remain in effect through March 31, ~~2022.~~2023. We ~~purchased no~~did not repurchase any shares under ~~our current~~either share repurchase program during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022 or 2021, respectively.

Dividends. Pursuant to Tennessee banking law, our bank may not, without the prior consent of the Commissioner of the TDFI, pay any dividends to us in a calendar year in excess of the total of our bank's retained net profits for that year plus the retained net profits for the preceding two years, which was ~~$773.1~~$929.1 million at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. During the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the bank paid dividends of ~~$66.5~~$75.0 million to us which is within the limits allowed by the TDFI.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we paid ~~$13.9~~$17.1 million and ~~$41.6~~$51.1 million, respectively, in dividends to our common shareholders and $3.8 million and $11.4 million, respectively, in dividends on our Series B Preferred Stock. On October ~~12, 2021,~~18, 2022, our board of directors declared a ~~$0.18~~$0.22 per share quarterly cash dividend to common shareholders which should approximate ~~$14.0~~$17.1 million in aggregate dividend payments that are expected to be paid on November ~~26, 2021~~25, 2022 to common shareholders of record as of the close of business on November ~~5, 2021.~~4, 2022. Additionally, on that same day, our board of directors approved a quarterly dividend of approximately $3.8 million, or $16.88 per share (or $0.422 per depositary share), on the Series B Preferred Stock payable on December 1, ~~2021~~2022 to shareholders of record at the close of business on November 16, ~~2021.~~2022. The amount and timing of all future dividend payments, if any, is subject to board discretion and will depend on our earnings, capital position, financial condition and other factors, including, if necessary, our receipt of dividends from Pinnacle Bank, regulatory capital requirements, as they become known to us and receipt of any regulatory approvals that may become required as a result of our and our bank subsidiary's financial results.

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Market and Liquidity Risk Management

Our objective is to manage assets and liabilities to provide a satisfactory, consistent level of profitability within the framework of established liquidity, loan, investment, borrowing, and capital policies. Our Asset Liability Management Committee (ALCO) is charged with the responsibility of monitoring these policies, which are designed to ensure acceptable composition of asset/liability mix. Two critical areas of focus for ALCO are interest rate sensitivity and liquidity risk management.

Interest Rate Sensitivity. In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risk arising from fluctuations in interest rates. ALCO measures and evaluates the interest rate risk so that we can meet customer demands for various types of loans and deposits. ALCO determines the most appropriate amounts of on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet items. Measurements which we use to help us manage interest rate sensitivity include an earnings simulation model and an economic value of equity (EVE) model.

Our interest rate sensitivity modeling incorporates a number of assumptions for both earnings simulation and EVE, including loan and deposit re-pricing characteristics, the rate of loan prepayments, etc. ALCO periodically reviews these assumptions for accuracy based on historical data and future expectations. Our ALCO policy requires that the base scenario assumes rates remain flat and is the scenario to which all others are compared in order to measure the change in net interest income and EVE. Policy limits are applied to the results of certain modeling scenarios. While the primary policy scenarios focus is on a twelve month time frame for the earnings

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simulations model, longer time horizons are also modeled. All policy scenarios assume a static volume forecast where the balance sheet is held constant, although other scenarios are modeled.

There were several noteworthy factors when comparing the results of both the earnings simulation and the economic value of equity modeling results as of September 30, 2022 to the modeling results as of September 30, 2021:

•The Federal Reserve increased the Federal Funds target rate by 300 basis points since December 31, 2021, which brought nearly all floating-rate loans above contractual interest-rate floors.

•The fixed-rate PPP loan portfolio declined $698 million with most proceeds transitioning to floating-rate assets.

•Short term floating-rate assets comprised of interest-bearing cash and repurchase agreements decreased $1.6 billion.

•In October 2022, interest rate floor and collar derivatives with a notional value of $1.8 billion were added to the balance sheet to mitigate earnings-at-risk in a falling interest rate scenario. The impact of these derivatives is included in each of the earnings simulation and economic equity models below.

Earnings simulation model. We believe interest rate risk is best measured by our earnings simulation modeling. Earning assets, interest-bearing liabilities and off-balance sheet financial instruments are combined with forecasts of interest rates for the next 12 months and are combined with other factors in order to produce various earnings simulations over that same 12-month period. To limit interest rate risk, we have policy guidelines for our earnings at risk which seek to limit the variance of net interest income in both gradual and instantaneous changes to interest rates. For instantaneous upward and downward changes in rates from management's flat interest rate forecast over the next twelve months, assuming a static balance sheet, the following estimated changes are calculated:


	~~Estimated % Change in Net Interest Income Over 12 Months~~
	September 30, 2021*
~~Instantaneous Rate Change~~
~~100 bps increase~~	~~2.2~~	%
~~200 bps increase~~	~~5.8~~	%
~~100 bps decrease~~	~~(2.1~~	%)


	Estimated % Change in Net Interest Income Over 12 Months
	September 30, 2022*		September 30, 2021*
Instantaneous Rate Change
300 bps increase	3.26	%	8.92	%
200 bps increase	1.74	%	5.79	%
100 bps increase	0.56	%	2.22	%
100 bps decrease	(2.90)	%	(2.14)	%
200 bps decrease	(6.81)	%	(2.86)	%
300 bps decrease	(14.77)	%	(3.39)	%

*: Negative interest rates are not contemplated in these scenarios. The Treasury curve and all short-term rate indices, such as Fed Funds, LIBOR, etc., are assumed to be zero bound.

While an instantaneous and severe shift in interest rates was used in this analysis to provide an estimate of exposure under these scenarios, we believe that a gradual shift in interest rates would have a more modest impact. Further, the earnings simulation model does not take into account factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in product mix, changes in yield curve relationships, hedging activities we might take and changing product spreads that could mitigate any potential adverse impact of changes in interest rates.

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The behavior of our deposit portfolio in the baseline forecast and in alternate interest rate scenarios set out in the table above is a key assumption in our projected estimates of net interest income. The projected impact on net interest income in the table above assumes no change in deposit portfolio size or mix from the baseline forecast in alternative rate environments. In higher rate scenarios, any customer activity resulting in the replacement of low-cost or noninterest-bearing deposits with higher-yielding deposits or market-based funding would reduce the assumed benefit of those deposits. The projected impact on net interest income in the table above also assumes a "through-the-cycle" non-maturity deposit beta which may not be an accurate predictor of actual deposit rate changes realized in scenarios of smaller and/or non-parallel interest rate movements.

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, our earnings simulation model indicated we were in compliance with our policies for all interest rate scenarios for which we model as required by our board approved Asset Liability Policy.

Economic value of equity model. While earnings simulation modeling attempts to determine the impact of a changing rate environment to our net interest income, our EVE model measures estimated changes to the economic values of our assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items as a result of interest rate changes. Economic values are determined by discounting expected cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet items, which establishes a base case EVE. We then shock rates as prescribed by our Asset Liability Policy and measure the sensitivity in EVE values for each of those shocked rate scenarios versus the base case. The Asset Liability Policy sets limits for those sensitivities. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, our EVE modeling calculated the following estimated changes in EVE due to instantaneous upward and downward changes in rates:


	September 30, 2021*
~~Instantaneous Rate Change~~
~~100 bps increase~~	~~(2.7~~	%)
~~200 bps increase~~	~~(8.0~~	%)
~~100 bps decrease~~	~~(6.9~~	%)


	September 30, 2022*		September 30, 2021*
Instantaneous Rate Change
300 bps increase	(20.11)	%	(12.34)%
200 bps increase	(13.86)	%	(7.97)	%
100 bps increase	(7.08)	%	(2.70)	%
100 bps decrease	4.87	%	(6.90)	%
200 bps decrease	2.06	%	(8.11)	%
300 bps decrease	(1.60)	%	(7.99)	%

*: Negative interest rates are not contemplated in these scenarios. The Treasury curve and all short-term rate indices, such as Fed Funds, LIBOR, etc., are assumed to be zero bound.Funds, LIBOR, etc., are assumed to be zed.

While an instantaneous and severe shift in interest rates was used in this analysis to provide an estimate of exposure under these scenarios, we believe that a gradual shift in interest rates would have a more modest impact. Since EVE measures the discounted present value of cash flows over the estimated lives of instruments, the change in EVE does not directly correlate to the degree that earnings would be impacted over a shorter time horizon (i.e., the current year). Further, EVE does not take into account factors such as future balance sheet growth, changes in product mix, changes in yield curve relationships, hedging activities we might take and changing product spreads that could mitigate the adverse impact of changes in interest rates.

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, our EVE model indicated we were in compliance with our policies for all interest rate scenarios for which we model as required by our board approved Asset Liability Policy.

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Most likely earnings simulation models. We also analyze a most-likely earnings simulation scenario that projects the expected change in rates based on a forward yield curve adopted by management using expected balance sheet volumes forecasted by management. Separate growth assumptions are developed for loans, investments, deposits, etc. Other interest rate scenarios analyzed by management may include delayed rate shocks, yield curve steepening or flattening, or other variations in rate movements to further analyze or stress our balance sheet under various interest rate scenarios. Each scenario is evaluated by management. These processes assist management to better anticipate our financial results and, as a result, management may determine the need to invest in other operating strategies and tactics which might enhance results or better position ~~our~~the firm's balance sheet to reduce interest rate risk going forward.

Each of the above analyses may not, on its own, be an accurate indicator of how our net interest income will be affected by changes in interest rates. Income associated with interest-earning assets and costs associated with interest-bearing liabilities may not be affected uniformly by changes in interest rates. In addition, the magnitude and duration of changes in interest rates may have a significant impact on net interest income. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods of repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. Interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities fluctuate in advance of changes in general market rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in general market rates. In addition, certain assets, such as adjustable rate mortgage loans, have features (generally referred to as interest rate caps and floors)

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which limit changes in interest rates. Prepayment and early withdrawal levels also could deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the maturity of certain instruments. The ability of many borrowers to service their debts also may decrease during periods of rising interest rates. ALCO reviews each of the above interest rate sensitivity analyses along with several different interest rate scenarios as part of its responsibility to provide a satisfactory, consistent level of profitability within the framework of established liquidity, loan, investment, borrowing, and capital policies.

Management's model governance, model implementation and model validation processes and controls are subject to review in our regulatory examinations to ensure they are in compliance with the most recent regulatory guidelines and industry and regulatory practices. Management utilizes a respected, sophisticated third party asset liability modeling software to help ensure implementation of management's assumptions into the model are processed as intended in a robust manner. That said, there are numerous assumptions regarding financial instrument behavior that are integrated into the model. The assumptions are formulated by combining observations gleaned from our historical studies of financial instruments and our best estimations of how ~~if at all,~~ these instruments may behave in the future given changes in economic conditions, technology, etc. These assumptions may prove to be inaccurate. Additionally, given the large number of assumptions built into our asset liability modeling software, it is difficult, at best, to compare our results to other firms.

ALCO may determine that Pinnacle Financial should over time become more or less asset or liability sensitive depending on the underlying balance sheet circumstances and our conclusions as to anticipated interest rate fluctuations in future periods. At present, ALCO has determined that its "most likely" rate scenario ~~considers no change~~assumes an additional 125 basis point increase in ~~short-term interest rates throughout~~ the ~~remainder of 2021.~~Federal Funds Rate during 2022. Our "most likely" rate forecast is based primarily on information we acquire from a service which includes a consensus forecast of numerous interest rate benchmarks. We may implement additional actions designed to achieve our desired sensitivity position which could change from time to time.

We have in the past used, and may in the future continue to use, derivative financial instruments as one tool to manage our interest rate sensitivity, including in our mortgage lending program, while continuing to meet the credit and deposit needs of our customers. For further details on the derivatives we currently use, see Note 8. Derivative Instruments in the Notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.

We may also enter into interest rate swaps to facilitate customer transactions and meet their financing needs. These swaps qualify as derivatives, even though they are not designated as hedging instruments.

Liquidity Risk Management. The purpose of liquidity risk management is to ensure that there are sufficient cash flows to satisfy loan demand, deposit withdrawals, and our other needs. Traditional sources of liquidity for a bank include asset maturities and growth in core deposits. A bank may achieve its desired liquidity objectives from the management of its assets and liabilities and by internally generated funding through its operations. Funds invested in marketable instruments that can be readily sold and the continuous maturing of other earning assets are sources of liquidity from an asset perspective. The liability base provides sources of liquidity through attraction of increased deposits and borrowing funds from various other institutions.

To assist in determining the adequacy of our liquidity, we perform a variety of liquidity stress tests including idiosyncratic, systemic and combined scenarios for both moderate and severe events. Liquidity is defined as the ability to convert assets into cash or cash equivalents without significant loss and to raise additional funds by increasing liabilities. Liquidity management involves maintaining our ability to meet the daily cash flow requirements of our customers, both depositors and borrowers. We seek to maintain

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a sufficiently liquid asset balance to ensure our ability to meet our obligations. The amount of the appropriate minimum liquid asset balance is determined through severe liquidity stress testing as measured by our liquidity coverage ratio calculation. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we were in compliance with our ~~internal policies related to~~ liquidity coverage ratio.

Changes in interest rates also affect our liquidity position. We currently price deposits in response to market ~~rates.~~rates, and our management intends to continue this policy. If deposits are not priced in response to market rates, a loss of ~~deposits, particularly noncore~~ deposits could occur which would negatively affect our liquidity position.

Scheduled loan payments are a relatively stable source of funds, but loan payoffs and deposit flows fluctuate significantly, being influenced by interest rates, general economic conditions and competition. Additionally, debt security investments are subject to prepayment and call provisions that could accelerate their payoff prior to stated maturity. We attempt to price our deposit products to meet our asset/liability objectives consistent with local market conditions. Our ALCO is responsible for monitoring our ongoing liquidity needs. Our regulators also monitor our liquidity and capital resources on a periodic basis.

~~In addition, our bank~~As noted previously, Pinnacle Bank is a member of the FHLB ~~Cincinnati. As a result, our bank receives advances from the FHLB~~ Cincinnati and, pursuant to ~~the terms of various~~a borrowing ~~agreements, which support our funding needs. Under the borrowing agreements~~agreement with the FHLB Cincinnati, ~~our bank~~ has pledged certain ~~qualifying residential mortgage loans and,~~assets pursuant to a blanket ~~lien, all qualifying commercial mortgage loans as collateral.~~lien. As such, Pinnacle Bank may use the FHLB Cincinnati as a source of

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liquidity depending on ~~its~~the firm's ALCO strategies. Additionally, we may pledge additional qualifying assets or reduce the amount ~~of pledged assets or experience changes in the value~~ of pledged assets with the FHLB Cincinnati to increase or decrease our borrowing capacity ~~with~~at the FHLB Cincinnati. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we ~~estimate~~believe we had ~~approximately $2.8~~an estimated $3.7 billion in additional borrowing capacity with the FHLB ~~Cincinnati. However,~~Cincinnati; however, incremental borrowings are made via a formal request by Pinnacle Bank and the subsequent approval by the FHLB Cincinnati. At September 30, 2021, our bank had received advances from the FHLB Cincinnati totaling $888.5 million. At September 30, 2021, the scheduled maturities of Pinnacle Bank's FHLB Cincinnati advances and interest rates are as follows (in thousands):

Scheduled Maturities Amount
Interest Rates (1)
2021 $ — —%
2022 — —%
2023 — —%
2024 — —%
2025 116,250 0.60%
Thereafter 775,013 2.15%
891,263
Deferred costs (2,770)
Total Federal Home Loan Bank advances $ 888,493
Weighted average interest rate 1.94%

~~(1)Some FHLB Cincinnati advances include variable interest rates and could increase in the future. The table reflects rates in effect as of September 30, 2021.~~

Pinnacle Bank also has accommodations with upstream correspondent banks ~~available~~ for unsecured short-term advances which aggregate ~~$155~~$155.0 million. These accommodations have various covenants related to their term and availability, and in most cases must be repaid within ~~a month of borrowing. We had~~less than one month. There were no outstanding borrowings under these agreements at September 30, ~~2021 under~~2022, or during the three months then ended, although we test the availability of these ~~agreements. Our bank~~accommodations periodically. Pinnacle Bank also had approximately ~~$3.1~~$5.1 billion in available Federal Reserve discount window lines of credit at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, excluding reciprocating time and money market deposits issued through the ~~IntraFi Network,~~IntraFiNetwork, we had ~~$1.6~~approximately $2.1 billion ofin brokered deposits. Historically, we have issued brokered certificates ~~of deposit~~ through several different brokerage houses based on competitive bid. During 2020, and in response to the uncertainty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, we intentionally increased our levels of on-balance sheet liquidity. ~~During the first quarter of 2020, this increase was funded by a combination of increased core deposits, increased borrowings from the FHLB Cincinnati and increases in brokered time deposits.~~ Core deposit growth during ~~the remainder of 2020 and through the first nine months of~~ 2021 increased such that we were able to prepay certain wholesale maturities ~~during the first nine months of 2021~~ while maintaining an ~~appropriate~~elevated level of on-balance sheet liquidity. We intend to continue to prepay and/or let mature wholesale funding as core deposit ~~growth allows over the next couple of quarters.~~levels allow.

~~During~~Banking regulators have defined additional liquidity guidelines, through the ~~second quarter of 2021, we announced our intention to move our corporate headquarters to a newly announced office tower in Nashville, where we will be a founding partner and sponsor~~issuance of the ~~project. This move~~Basel III Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) and the Modified LCR. These regulatory guidelines became effective January 2015 with phase in over subsequent years and require these large institutions to follow prescriptive guidance in determining an absolute level of a high quality liquid asset (HQLA) buffer that must be maintained on their balance sheets in order to withstand a potential liquidity crisis event. Although Pinnacle Financial follows the principles outlined in the Interagency Policy Statement on Liquidity Risk Management, issued March 2010, to determine its HQLA buffer, Pinnacle Financial is not currently ~~planned~~subject to these regulations. However, these formulas could eventually be imposed on smaller banks, such as Pinnacle Bank, and require an increase in the absolute level of liquidity on our balance sheet, which could result in lower net interest margins for ~~2025 and will impact equipment and occupancy costs as~~us in future periods.

At September 30, 2022, we ~~plan~~had no individually significant commitments for ~~this move. Additionally,~~capital expenditures. But, we believe the number of our locations, including non-branch locations, will increase over an extended period of time across our footprint, including the markets to which we have recently expanded, and that certain of our locations will be in need of required renovations. In future periods, these expansions and renovation projects may lead to additional equipment and occupancy expenses as

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well as related increases in salaries and benefits expense. Additionally, we expect we will continue to incur costs associated with technology improvements to enhance the infrastructure of our firm.

Our short-term borrowings (borrowings which mature within the next fiscal year) consist primarily of securities sold under agreements to repurchase (these agreements are typically associated with comprehensive treasury management programs for our clients and provide them with short-term returns on their excess funds).

We have certain contractual obligations as of September 30, 2022, which by their terms have a contractual maturity and termination dates subsequent to September 30, 2022. Each of these commitments is noted throughout Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis. Our management believes that we have adequate liquidity to meet all known contractual obligations and unfunded commitments, including loan commitments and reasonable borrower, depositor, and creditor requirements over the next twelve months and that we will have adequate liquidity to meet our obligations over a longer-term as well.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, we had outstanding standby letters of credit of ~~$242.3~~$333.3 million and unfunded loan commitments outstanding of ~~$11.4~~$15.5 billion. Because these commitments generally have fixed expiration dates and many will expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment level does not necessarily represent future cash requirements. If needed to fund these outstanding commitments, Pinnacle Bank has the ability to liquidate ~~Federal~~federal funds sold or securities available-for-sale, or on a short-term basis to borrow and purchase ~~Federal~~federal funds from other financial institutions.

~~Impact~~We follow the same credit policies and underwriting practices when making these commitments as we do for on-balance sheet instruments. Each customer's creditworthiness is evaluated on a case-by-case basis and the amount of ~~Inflation~~collateral obtained, if any, is based on management's credit evaluation of the customer. However, should the commitments be drawn upon and should our customers default on their resulting obligation to us, our maximum exposure to credit loss, without consideration of collateral, is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. At September 30, 2022, we had accrued reserves of $24.5 million related to expected credit losses associated with off-balance sheet commitments.

The consolidated financial statements and related consolidated financial data presented herein have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and practices within the banking industry which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in the relative purchasing power of money over time due to inflation. Unlike most industrial companies, virtually all the assets and liabilities of a financial institution are monetary in nature. As a result, interest rates have a more significant impact on a financial institution's performance than the effects of general levels of inflation.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

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See "Part I - Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements - Note. 1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" of this Report for further information.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The information required by this Item 3 is included on pages 3637 through 5860 of Part I - Item 2 - "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Pinnacle Financial maintains disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by it in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to Pinnacle Financial's management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Pinnacle Financial carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Pinnacle Financial's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by Pinnacle Financial in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) accumulated and communicated to Pinnacle Financial's management (including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer) to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms.

Changes in Internal Controls

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-(f)) occurred during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Various legal proceedings to which Pinnacle Financial or a subsidiary of Pinnacle Financial is a party arise from time to time in the normal course of business. There are no material pending legal proceedings to which Pinnacle Financial or a subsidiary of Pinnacle Financial is a party or of which any of their property is the subject.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Investing in Pinnacle Financial involves various risks which are particular to our company, our industry and our market area. We believe all significant risks to investors in Pinnacle Financial have been outlined in Part II, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. However, other risks may prove to be important in the future, and new risks may emerge at any time. We cannot predict with certainty all potential developments which could materially affect our financial performance or condition. There has been no material change to our risk factors as previously disclosed in the above described Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

The following table discloses shares of our common stock repurchased during the three months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.
Period
Total Number of Shares Repurchased (1)(2)
Average Price Paid Per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2)
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1, 2021 to July 31, 2021 6,005 $ 87.84 — 125,000,000
August 1, 2021 to August 31, 2021 493 95.86 — 125,000,000
September 1, 2021 to September 30, 2021 25 93.47 — 125,000,000
Total 6,523 $ 88.31 — 125,000,000


Period	Total Number of Shares Repurchased (1)(2)	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2)	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
July 1, 2022 to July 31, 2022	4,067	$	74.05	—	125,000,000
August 1, 2022 to August 31, 2022	—	—		—	125,000,000
September 1, 2022 to September 30, 2022	8	81.08		—	125,000,000
Total	4,075	$	74.06	—	125,000,000

______________________

(1)During the quarter ended September 30, ~~2021, 22,788~~2022, 15,040 shares of restricted stock or ~~performance-based~~time-based vesting restricted stock units previously awarded to certain of the participants in our equity incentive plans vested. We withheld ~~6,523~~4,075 shares of common stock to satisfy tax withholding requirements associated with the vesting of these awards.

(2)On January ~~19, 2021, the~~18, 2022, our board of directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $125.0 million of ~~Pinnacle Financial's outstanding~~our common ~~stock. The~~stock which commenced upon the expiration of the share repurchase program ~~is set to expire~~that expired on March 31, 2022. The new authorization is to remain in effect through March 31, 2023. Share repurchases may be made from time to time, on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, at the discretion of the management of Pinnacle Financial, after the board of directors of Pinnacle Financial authorizes a repurchase program. The approved share repurchase program does not obligate Pinnacle Financial to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares, and the program may be extended, modified, suspended, or discontinued at any time. Stock repurchases generally are affected through open market purchases, and may be made through unsolicited negotiated transactions. The timing of these repurchases will depend on market conditions and other requirements. Pinnacle Financial did not repurchase any shares ~~of its common stock~~ under its ~~current~~share repurchase ~~plan~~program during the ~~nine~~three months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS


3.1						Third Amended and Restated Bylaws of Pinnacle Financial Partners, Inc., incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 24, 2022.
31.1*						Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
31.2*						Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)
32.1**						Certification pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350 - Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**						Certification pursuant to 18 USC Section 1350 - Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS*						Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*						Inline XBRL Schema Documents
101.CAL*						Inline XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB*						Inline XBRL Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*						Inline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*						Inline XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
104						The cover page from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended ~~June~~September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Exhibit 101)

*						Filed herewith.
**						Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


						PINNACLE FINANCIAL PARTNERS, INC.

November ~~5, 2021~~4, 2022						/s/ M. Terry Turner
						M. Terry Turner
						President and Chief Executive Officer

November ~~5, 2021~~4, 2022						/s/ Harold R. Carpenter
						Harold R. Carpenter
						Chief Financial Officer

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TABLE OF CONTENTS			Page No.

PART I – Financial Information:			4
Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)			4
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			3637
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			5960
Item 4. Controls and Procedures			5960

PART II – Other Information:			5960
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			6061
Item 1A. Risk Factors			6061
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			6061
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities			6061
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures			6061
Item 5. Other Information			6061
Item 6. Exhibits			6061
Signatures			6263


December 31, 2020:
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	$	82,199	$	10	$	—	$	82,209
U.S. government agency securities	74,916		1,547		60		76,403
Mortgage-backed securities	1,623,759		67,759		2,327		1,689,191
State and municipal securities	1,411,288		44,559		12,484		1,443,363
Asset-backed securities	177,878		715		657		177,936
Corporate notes and other	117,256		2,632		2,309		117,579
	$	3,487,296	$	117,222	17,837		$	3,586,681
Securities held-to-maturity:
State and municipal securities	$	1,028,550	$	38,272	$	291	$	1,066,531
	$	1,028,550	$	38,272	$	291	$	1,066,531
Allowance for credit losses - securities held-to-maturity	(191)
Securities held-to-maturity, net of allowance for credit losses	$	1,028,359


	September 30, 2020
		Number of contracts	Pre Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment, net of related allowance














Consumer real estate – mortgage		1	$	807	$	807


		Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income
	Location of Loss Recognized in Income	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020
Interest rate swap agreements	Other noninterest income	$	126	$	(135)	$	627	$	(1,272)


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021						Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields		Average Balances		Interest		Rates/ Yields
Interest-earning assets:
Loans (1)(2)	$	22,986,835	$	233,857	4.13	%	$	22,493,192	$	224,482	4.04	%
Securities:
Taxable	2,868,212		8,986		1.24	%	2,226,008		8,276		1.48	%
Tax-exempt (2)	2,583,020		15,873		2.93	%	2,194,272		15,001		3.29	%
Federal funds sold and other	3,743,074		2,152		0.23	%	3,279,248		1,429		0.17	%
Total interest-earning assets	32,181,141		$	260,868	3.32	%	30,192,720		$	249,188	3.38	%
Nonearning assets
Intangible assets	1,857,039						1,866,082
Other nonearning assets	1,857,950						1,779,914
Total assets	$	35,896,130					$	33,838,716

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest checking	5,591,119		2,453		0.17	%	4,784,627		3,733		0.31	%
Savings and money market	11,359,595		5,300		0.19	%	10,312,876		8,374		0.32	%
Time	2,541,775		4,386		0.68	%	4,265,881		16,294		1.52	%
Total interest-bearing deposits	19,492,489		12,139		0.25	%	19,363,384		28,401		0.58	%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	164,837		57		0.14	%	147,211		77		0.21	%
Federal Home Loan Bank advances	888,369		4,558		2.04	%	1,515,879		6,945		1.82	%
Subordinated debt and other borrowings	586,387		6,571		4.45	%	715,138		7,171		3.99	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities	21,132,082		23,325		0.44	%	21,741,612		42,594		0.78	%
Noninterest-bearing deposits	9,247,382		—		0.00	%	6,989,439		—		0.00	%
Total deposits and interest-bearing liabilities	30,379,464		$	23,325	0.30	%	28,731,051		$	42,594	0.59	%
Other liabilities	340,041						341,801
Stockholders' equity	5,176,625						4,765,864
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	35,896,130					$	33,838,716
Net interest income			$	237,543					$	206,594
Net interest spread (3)					2.88	%					2.60	%
Net interest margin (4)					3.03	%					2.82	%


	Amounts at September 30, 2021						Percentage	Percentage
	Fixed Rates		Variable Rates		Totals		At September 30, 2021	At December 31, 2020
Based on contractual maturity:
Due within one year	$	3,285,032	$	1,191,950	$	4,476,982	19.4%	18.6%
Due in one year to five years	8,153,920		3,293,738		11,447,658		49.7%	54.4%
Due after five years	5,352,425		1,781,396		7,133,821		30.9%	27.0%
Totals	$	16,791,377	$	6,267,084	$	23,058,461	100.0%	100.0%
Based on contractual repricing dates:
Daily floating rate	$	—	$	850,548	$	850,548	3.7%	4.3%
Due within one year	3,285,032		4,893,399		8,178,431		35.5%	37.7%
Due in one year to five years	8,153,920		248,837		8,402,757		36.4%	37.7%
Due after five years	5,352,425		274,300		5,626,725		24.4%	20.3%
Totals	$	16,791,377	$	6,267,084	$	23,058,461	100.0%	100.0%


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		Year ended December 31, 2020
Balance at beginning of period	$	285,050	$	94,777
Impact of adopting ASC 326	—		38,102
Provision for credit losses on loans	14,231		191,542
Charged-off loans:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	(1,246)		(2,598)
Non-owner occupied	(672)		(546)
Consumer real estate – mortgage	(626)		(3,478)
Construction and land development	(367)		—
Commercial and industrial	(32,890)		(38,718)
Consumer and other loans	(3,518)		(3,993)
Total charged-off loans	(39,319)		(49,333)
Recoveries of previously charged-off loans:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied	1,158		1,317


Scheduled Maturities	Amount		Interest Rates (1)
2021	$	—	—%
2022	—		—%
2023	—		—%
2024	—		—%
2025	116,250		0.60%
Thereafter	775,013		2.15%
	891,263
Deferred costs	(2,770)
Total Federal Home Loan Bank advances	$	888,493
Weighted average interest rate			1.94%