Table of ContentsContent

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q

xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBERJUNE 30, 20172021
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE  ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO             .

Commission file number: 000-32897


UNITED SECURITY BANCSHARES
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
CALIFORNIA91-2112732
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
2126 Inyo Street, Fresno, California93721
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

Registrants telephone number, including area code    (559) 248-4943


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o  No  x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing for the past 90 days. Yes x No o   


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o           


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a small reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 Large accelerated filer o
Accelerated filer o
Non-accelerated filer o
Small reporting company x

Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o  No  x


Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.


Common Stock, no par value
(Title of Class)


Shares outstanding as of October 31, 2017: 16,885,615June 30, 2021: 17,010,288

1

Table of Content
TABLE OF CONTENTS


Facing Page


Table of Contents



PART I. Financial Information
PART II. Other Information
Item 1.
Item 1A.2.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.

2

Table of Content
PART I. Financial Information




United Security Bancshares and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets – (unaudited)
SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 20162020
(in thousands except shares)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Assets  
Cash and non-interest-bearing deposits in other banks$43,240 $29,490 
Due from Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB")117,668 264,579 
Cash and cash equivalents160,908 294,069 
Investment securities (at fair value)
Available-for-sale ("AFS") securities166,976 82,341 
Marketable equity securities3,791 3,851 
Total investment securities170,767 86,192 
Loans841,103 655,411 
Unearned fees and unamortized loan origination costs - net946 (1,064)
Allowance for credit losses(9,200)(8,522)
Net loans832,849 645,825 
Premises and equipment - net8,877 9,110 
Accrued interest receivable8,600 8,164 
Other real estate owned4,753 5,004 
Goodwill4,488 4,488 
Deferred tax assets - net3,063 2,907 
Cash surrender value of life insurance21,904 20,715 
Operating lease right-of-use assets2,600 2,864 
Other assets12,246 13,316 
Total assets$1,231,055 $1,092,654 
Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity  
Liabilities  
Deposits  
Non-interest-bearing$442,140 $391,897 
Interest-bearing648,302 560,754 
Total deposits1,090,442 952,651 
Operating lease liabilities2,707 2,967 
Other liabilities8,288 8,305 
Junior subordinated debentures (at fair value)11,253 10,924 
Total liabilities1,112,690 974,847 
Shareholders' Equity  
Common stock, 0 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; issued and outstanding: 17,010,288 at June 30, 2021 and 17,009,883 at December 31, 202059,496 59,397 
Retained earnings59,507 59,138 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(638)(728)
Total shareholders' equity118,365 117,807 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$1,231,055 $1,092,654 
3
(in thousands except shares)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Assets   
Cash and non-interest bearing deposits in other banks$22,688
 $25,781
Cash and due from Federal Reserve Bank137,204
 87,251
Cash and cash equivalents159,892
 113,032
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks654
 650
Investment securities available for sale (at fair value)48,356
 57,491
Loans582,384
 569,759
Unearned fees and unamortized loan origination costs, net1,217
 1,075
Allowance for credit losses(9,158) (8,902)
Net loans574,443
 561,932
Accrued interest receivable5,846
 3,895
Premises and equipment – net10,469
 10,445
Other real estate owned5,745
 6,471
Goodwill4,488
 4,488
Cash surrender value of life insurance19,447
 19,047
Investment in limited partnerships1,715
 757
Deferred tax assets - net3,423
 3,298
Other assets9,029
 6,466
Total assets$843,507
 $787,972
    
Liabilities & Shareholders' Equity 
  
Liabilities 
  
Deposits 
  
Noninterest bearing$315,877
 $262,697
Interest bearing409,421
 413,932
Total deposits725,298
 676,629
    
Accrued interest payable41
 76
Accounts payable and other liabilities7,526
 5,781
Junior subordinated debentures (at fair value)9,534
 8,832
Total liabilities742,399
 691,318
    
Shareholders' Equity 
  
Common stock, no par value 20,000,000 shares authorized, 16,885,615 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017, and 16,705,594 at December 31, 201657,861
 56,557
Retained earnings43,615
 40,701
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(368) (604)
Total shareholders' equity101,108
 96,654
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$843,507
 $787,972


Table of Content
United Security Bancshares and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Unaudited)
 
 Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands except shares and EPS)2021202020212020
Interest Income:
Interest and fees on loans$8,708 $7,849 $16,779 $16,348 
Interest on investment securities654 356 1,041 784 
Interest on deposits in FRB42 38 104 605 
Total interest income9,404 8,243 17,924 17,737 
Interest Expense:  
Interest on deposits468 447 895 1,111 
Interest on other borrowed funds45 83 92 180 
Total interest expense513 530 987 1,291 
Net Interest Income8,891 7,713 16,937 16,446 
Provision for Credit Losses826 428 1,201 2,134 
Net Interest Income after Provision for Credit Losses8,065 7,285 15,736 14,312 
Noninterest Income:  
Customer service fees692 618 1,348 1,346 
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance138 127 269 258 
Unrealized gain (loss) on fair value of marketable equity securities— 71 (60)85 
Gain on proceeds from bank-owned life insurance310 310 
Gain (loss) on fair value of junior subordinated debentures377 (30)(656)1,469 
Gain on sale of assets013 
Other115 118 248 328 
Total noninterest income1,322 1,214 1,162 3,796 
Noninterest Expense:
Salaries and employee benefits2,893 2,414 5,917 5,409 
Occupancy expense837 869 1,693 1,723 
Data processing148 135 235 247 
Professional fees865 691 1,690 1,546 
Regulatory assessments123 77 289 162 
Director fees92 94 184 188 
Correspondent bank service charges23 17 42 33 
Net cost on operation and sale of OREO18 780 43 933 
Other606 612 1,077 1,193 
Total noninterest expense5,605 5,689 11,170 11,434 
Income Before Provision for Taxes3,782 2,810 5,728 6,674 
Provision for Taxes on Income1,077 798 1,613 1,906 
Net Income$2,705 $2,012 $4,115 $4,768 
Net Income per common share
Basic$0.16 $0.12 $0.24 $0.28 
Diluted$0.16 $0.12 $0.24 $0.28 
Shares on which net income per common shares were based
Basic17,010,288 16,975,588 17,010,210 16,974,845 
Diluted17,032,878 16,988,778 17,027,477 16,992,223 
4
 Quarter Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(In thousands except shares and EPS)2017 2016 2017 2016
Interest Income:       
Loans, including fees$7,978
 $7,435
 $22,782
 $20,722
Investment securities – AFS – taxable238
 244
 691
 618
Interest on deposits in FRB375
 72
 858
 348
Interest on deposits in other banks1
 2
 4
 6
Total interest income8,592
 7,753
 24,335
 21,694
Interest Expense:     
  
Interest on deposits355
 289
 1,055
 837
Interest on other borrowings80
 60
 223
 176
Total interest expense435
 349
 1,278

1,013
Net Interest Income8,157
 7,404
 23,057
 20,681
Provision (Recovery of Provision) for Credit Losses7
 4
 (24) (7)
Net Interest Income after Provision (Recovery of Provision) for Credit Losses8,150
 7,400
 23,081
 20,688
Noninterest Income:     
  
Customer service fees959
 924
 2,897
 2,867
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance134
 131
 400
 394
(Loss) gain on fair value of financial liability(88) (423) (688) 48
Gain on sale of investment in limited partnership3
 
 3
 
Other168
 154
 539
 464
Total noninterest income1,176
 786
 3,151
 3,773
Noninterest Expense:       
Salaries and employee benefits2,578
 2,533
 8,149
 7,592
Occupancy expense1,087
 1,097
 3,144
 3,212
Data processing29
 23
 81
 108
Professional fees312
 327
 912
 1,116
Regulatory assessments43
 131
 313
 632
Director fees72
 75
 215
 218
(Gain) loss on California tax credit partnership(1) 49
 118
 122
Net cost (gain) on operation and sale of OREO21
 39
 (257) 216
Other605
 590
 1,868
 1,772
Total noninterest expense4,746
 4,864
 14,543
 14,988
Income Before Provision for Taxes4,580
 3,322
 11,689
 9,473
Provision for Taxes on Income1,840
 1,282
 4,685
 3,643
Net Income$2,740
 $2,040
 $7,004
 $5,830

       
Net Income per common share       
Basic$0.16
 $0.12
 $0.41
 $0.35
Diluted$0.16
 $0.12
 $0.41
 $0.35
Shares on which net income per common shares were based       
Basic16,885,615
 16,881,422
 16,885,578
 16,880,835
Diluted16,907,267
 16,891,066
 16,904,063
 16,887,078


Table of Content
United Security Bancshares and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)


Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
(In thousands)2021202020212020
Net Income$2,705 $2,012 $4,115 $4,768 
Unrealized holdings gain (loss) on debt securities827 952 (247)827 
Unrealized gains on unrecognized post-retirement costs26 20 50 40 
    Unrealized (loss) gain on junior subordinated debentures(647)(1,208)325 (453)
Other comprehensive gain (loss), before tax206 (236)128 414 
Tax (expense) benefit related to debt securities(245)(342)72 (305)
Tax expense related to unrecognized post-retirement costs(8)(5)(15)(11)
Tax benefit (expense) related to junior subordinated debentures192 356 (95)133 
Total other comprehensive gain (loss)145 (227)90 231 
Comprehensive Income$2,850 $1,785 $4,205 $4,999 
5
(In thousands)Three Months Ended  
 September 30, 2017
 Three Months Ended  
 September 30, 2016
 Nine Months Ended 
 September 30, 2017
 Nine Months Ended 
 September 30, 2016
Net Income$2,740
 $2,040
 $7,004
 $5,830
        
Unrealized holdings (loss) gain on securities
 (190) 355
 118
Unrealized gains on unrecognized post-retirement costs13
 13
 39
 37
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax13
 (177) 394
 155
Tax benefit (expense) related to securities
 76
 (142) (47)
Tax expense related to unrecognized post-retirement costs(5) (6) (16) (16)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)8
 (107) 236
 92
Comprehensive Income$2,748
 $1,933
 $7,240
 $5,922


Table of Content

United Security Bancshares and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity
(unaudited)
 Common Stock  
(In thousands except shares)Number of SharesAmountRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Gain Total
Balance December 31, 2019 (1)16,973,885 $58,973 $57,647 $(632)$115,988 
(1) Excludes 35,572 unvested restricted shares
   Other comprehensive loss   458 458 
Dividends payable ($0.11 per share)(1,867)(1,867)
Restricted stock units released350 
Tax benefit from restricted stock units released(1)(1)
Stock-based compensation expense 78   78 
Net income  2,754  2,754 
Balance March 31, 2020 (2)16,974,235 $59,050 $58,534 $(174)$117,410 
(2) Excludes 47,572 unvested restricted shares
  Other comprehensive loss   (227)(227)
Dividends payable ($0.11 per share)(1,866)(1,866)
Restricted stock units released3,004 
Stock-based compensation expense 131   131 
Net income  2,012  2,012 
Balance June 30, 2020 (3)16,977,239 $59,181 $58,680 $(401)$117,460 
(3) Excludes 44,568 unvested restricted shares
  Other comprehensive loss81 81 
Dividends payable ($0.11 per share)(1,867)(1,867)
Stock-based compensation expense108 108 
Net income2,271 2,271 
Balance September 30, 2020 (4)16,977,239 $59,289 $59,084 $(320)$118,053 
(4) Excludes 44,568 unvested restricted shares
  Other comprehensive loss(408)(408)
Dividends payable ($0.11 per share)(1,870)(1,870)
Restricted stock units released32,644 
Stock-based compensation expense108 108 
Net income1,924 1,924 
Balance December 31, 2020 (5)17,009,883 $59,397 $59,138 $(728)$117,807 
(5) Excludes 11,924 unvested restricted shares
  Other comprehensive income(55)(55)
Dividends payable ($0.11 per share)(1,876)(1,876)
Restricted stock units released405 
Stock-based compensation expense46 46 
Net income1,411 1,411 
Balance March 31, 2021 (6)17,010,288 $59,443 $58,673 $(783)$117,333 
(6) Excludes 41,424 unvested restricted shares
6

Table of Content
 Common stock      
(In thousands except shares)Number of Shares Amount Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss  Total
    
Balance December 31, 2015*16,051,406
 $52,572
 $37,265
 $(202) $89,635
*Excludes 15,019 unvested restricted shares         
          
   Other comprehensive income 
  
  
 92
 92
Common stock dividends486,316
 2,705
 (2,705)  
 
Stock options exercised2,463
 6
     6
Stock-based compensation expense 
 22
  
  
 22
Net income 
  
 5,830
  
 5,830
Balance September 30, 2016*16,540,185
 $55,305
 $40,390
 $(110) $95,585
*Excludes 12,015 unvested restricted shares         
          
Other comprehensive loss 
  
  
 (494) (494)
Common stock dividends165,409
 1,244
 (1,244)  
 
   Stock-based compensation expense 
 8
  
  
 8
Net income 
  
 1,555
  
 1,555
Balance December 31, 2016*16,705,594
 $56,557
 $40,701
 $(604) $96,654
*Excludes 12,015 unvested restricted shares         
          
  Other comprehensive income 
  
  
 236
 236
Cash dividends on common stock ($0.17 per share)    (2,870)   (2,870)
Common stock dividends167,082
 1,220
 (1,220)  
 
Stock options exercised2,514
 6
     6
Restricted stock units released10,425
       
Stock-based compensation expense 
 78
  
  
 78
Net income 
  
 7,004
  
 7,004
Balance September 30, 2017*16,885,615
 $57,861
 $43,615
 $(368) $101,108
*Excludes 9,011 unvested restricted shares         
Other comprehensive income145 145 
Dividends payable ($0.11 per share)(1,871)(1,871)
Stock-based compensation expense53 53 
Net income2,705 2,705 
Balance June 30, 2021 (7)17,010,288 $59,496 $59,507 $(638)$118,365 
(7) Excludes 41,424 unvested restricted shares

7


Table of Content
United Security Bancshares and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

8

Table of Content
 Six months ended June 30,
(In thousands)20212020
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:  
Net Income$4,115 $4,768 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:  
Provision for credit losses1,201 2,134 
Depreciation and amortization702 698 
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets(260)(295)
Amortization of premium/discount on investment securities, net481 523 
Increase in accrued interest receivable(436)(937)
Decrease in accrued interest payable(3)(23)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities34 (397)
(Increase) decrease in unearned fees and unamortized loan origination costs, net(2,010)184 
(Increase) decrease in income taxes receivable(253)1,472 
Unrealized loss (gain) on marketable equity securities60 (85)
Stock-based compensation expense98 209 
(Provision) benefit for deferred income taxes(98)300 
Loss on sale of other real estate owned113 
Write down on other real estate owned727 
Gain on bank owned life insurance(310)
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance(269)(258)
Loss (gain) on fair value option of junior subordinated debentures656 (1,469)
Net decrease in other assets1,839 762 
Net cash provided by operating activities5,857 8,116 
Cash Flows From Investing Activities:  
Purchase of correspondent bank stock(8)(39)
Purchases of available-for-sale securities(97,325)(27,971)
Principal payments of available-for-sale securities11,964 11,709 
Net increase in loans(186,215)(53,461)
Cash proceeds from sales of other real estate owned251 895 
Investment in limited partnership(340)(201)
Proceeds from Bank Owned Life Insurance1,243 
Purchase of bank-owned life insurance(920)
Capital expenditures of premises and equipment(469)(759)
Net cash used in investing activities(273,062)(68,584)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities:  
Net increase in demand deposits and savings accounts136,210 76,476 
Net increase (decrease) in time deposits1,581 (1,727)
Dividends on common stock(3,747)(3,735)
Net cash provided by financing activities134,044 71,014 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(133,161)10,546 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period294,069 218,995 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$160,908 $229,541 
9
 Nine months ended September 30,
(In thousands)2017 2016
Cash Flows From Operating Activities:   
Net Income$7,004
 $5,830
Adjustments to reconcile net income:to cash provided by operating activities: 
  
Recovery of provision for credit losses(24) (7)
Depreciation and amortization996
 1,091
Amortization of investment securities406
 335
Accretion of investment securities(6) (25)
Increase in accrued interest receivable(1,951) (1,361)
(Decrease) increase in accrued interest payable(35) 10
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities282
 (487)
Increase in unearned fees and unamortized loan origination costs, net(142) (994)
(Increase) decrease in income taxes receivable(734) 2,512
Stock-based compensation expense78
 22
(Benefit) provision for deferred income taxes(283) 20
Gain on sale of other real estate owned(336) (53)
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance(400) (394)
Loss (gain) on fair value option of financial liabilities688
 (48)
Loss on tax credit limited partnership interest118
 122
Net increase in other assets(1,001) (548)
Net cash provided by operating activities4,660
 6,025
    
Cash Flows From Investing Activities: 
  
Net increase in interest-bearing deposits with banks(4) (6)
Purchase of correspondent bank stock(495) (101)
Purchases of available-for-sale securities
 (34,987)
Maturities of available-for-sale securities3,000
 2,600
Principal payments of available-for-sale securities6,091
 2,700
Net increase in loans(12,346) (41,303)
Cash proceeds from sales of other real estate owned1,062
 2,800
Payoff of senior liens on other real estate owned
 (705)
(Investment in) distribution from limited partnership(1,075) 2
Capital expenditures of premises and equipment(1,020) (516)
Net cash used in investing activities(4,787) (69,516)
    
Cash Flows From Financing Activities: 
  
Net increase in demand deposits and savings accounts85,653
 38,068
Net (decrease) increase in time deposits(36,984) 11,413
Proceeds from exercise of stock options6
 6
Dividends on common stock(1,688) 
Net cash provided by financing activities46,987
 49,487
    
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents46,860
 (14,004)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period113,032
 125,751
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$159,892
 $111,747


Table of Content
United Security Bancshares and Subsidiaries - Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements - (Unaudited)
 
1.Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies
1.Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting and Reporting Policies
 
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of United Security Bancshares (Company or USB) and its wholly owned subsidiary United Security Bank (the “Bank”) and two bank subsidiaries, USB Investment Trust (the “REIT”) and United Security Emerging Capital Fund (collectively the “Company” or “USB”)(Bank). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.


These unaudited financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted accounting principlesin the United States (GAAP) for interim financial information on a basis consistent with the accounting policies reflected in the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company included in its 20162020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. These interim consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principlesGAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of a normal, recurring nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the year as a whole.


Recently Issued Accounting Standards:

In May 2014, theImpact of New Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which creates Topic 606 and supersedes Topic 605, Revenue Recognition. In August 2015, FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which postponed the effective date of 2014-09. Multiple ASUs and interpretative guidance have been issued in connection with ASU 2014-09. The core principle of Topic 606 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In general, the new guidance requires companies to use more judgment and make more estimates than under current guidance, including identifying performance obligations in the contract, estimating the amount of variable consideration to include in the transaction price and allocating the transaction price to each separate performance obligation. The standard is effective for public entities for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017; early adoption is not permitted. For financial reporting purposes, the standard allows for either full retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all of the periods presented, or modified retrospective adoption, meaning the standard is applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements with the cumulative effect of initially applying the standard recognized at the date of initial application. The Company has begun their process to implement this new standard by reviewing all revenue sources to determine the sources that are in scope for this guidance. As a bank, key revenue sources, such as interest income have been identified as out of scope of this new guidance. The Company does not expect the application of this ASU to have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.:

In January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-01 Financial Instruments-Overall: Recognition and Measurements of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. This ASU requires equity investments to be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in net income. The amendment also simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments for which fair value is not readily determinable by requiring an entity to perform a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods therein. The Company expects this ASU to impact its consolidated income and other comprehensive income disclosures for the fair value of its mutual fund investment and junior subordinated debenture.

In February 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The FASB is issuing this Update to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. To meet that objective, the FASB is amending the FASB Accounting Standards Codification® and creating Topic 842, Leases. This Update, along with IFRS 16, Leases, are the results of the FASB’s and the International Accounting Standards Board’s (IASB’s) efforts to meet that objective and improve financial reporting. This ASU will be effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 (i.e., calendar periods beginning on January 1, 2019), and interim periods therein. Although an estimate of the impact of the new leasing standard has not yet been determined, the Company expects a significant new lease asset and related lease liability on the balance sheet due to the number of leased branches and standalone ATM sites the Bank currently has that are accounted for under current operating lease guidance.


In June 2016, FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments- Credit Losses (Topic 326). The FASB is issuing this Update to improve financial reporting by requiring timelier recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by financial institutions and other organizations. The Update requires enhanced disclosures and judgments in estimating credit

losses and also amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration. This original amendment iswas effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In October 2019 FASB unanimously approved a vote to delay the effective date of this Standard to be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The Company has establishedformed a project team that is responsible for oversight of the Company’s implementation strategy for compliance with provisions of the new standard. An external provider specializing in community bank loss driver and CECL reserving model design as well as other related consulting services has been retained, and the Company continues to evaluate potential CECL modeling alternatives. As part of this new standard.process, the Company has determined potential loan pool segmentation and sub-segmentation under CECL, as well as evaluated the key economic loss drivers for each segment. The teamCompany has started by workingbegun to generate and evaluate model scenarios under CECL in tandem with a vendorits current reserving processes for interim and annual reporting beginning in March 2020. While the Company is currently unable to put a new Allowance for Loan Loss software in place and is collecting additional historical data toreasonably estimate the impact of adopting this standard. An estimate ofnew guidance, management expects the impact of this standard has not yet been determined, however,adoption will be significantly influenced by the composition and quality of the Company’s loan portfolio as well as the economic conditions as of the date of adoption. The Company also anticipates significant changes to the processes and procedures for calculating the reserve for credit losses and continues to evaluate the potential impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements isstatements. Additionally, in regard to the recently approved delay in implementation, the Company continues to evaluate its expected implementation date.

In March 2020, FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). This ASU provides optional expedients and exceptions for contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or other reference rates expected to be significant.

Asdiscontinued because of January 1, 2017,reference rate reform. The ASU is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. An entity may elect to apply the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board's (FASB) Accounting Standardamendments in this Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. ASU 2016-09, seeks to simplify several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification on the statement of cash flows. As required by ASU 2016-09, all adjustments are reflectedeligible hedging relationships existing as of the beginning of the fiscal year, January 1, 2016. By applyinginterim period that includes March 12, 2020 and to new eligible hedging relationships entered into after the beginning of the interim period that included March 12, 2020. The amendments in this ASU, theUpdate do not apply to contract modifications made after December 31, 2022. The one-time election to sell, transfer, or both sell and transfer debt securities classified as held to maturity may be made at any time after March 12, 2020 but no later than December 31, 2022. The Company no longer adjusts common stock for the tax impact of shares released, instead the tax impact is recognized as tax expense in the period the shares are released. This simplifies the trackingprocess of the excess tax benefits and deficiencies, but could cause volatility in tax expense for the periods presented. The statement of cash flows has been adjusted to reflectevaluating the provisions of this ASU. The application of this ASU did not have a material impactand its effects on theour consolidated financial statements.


In January 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). The FASB is issuing this Update to eliminate the requirement to calculate the implied fair value
10

Table of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment charge. Instead, entities will record an impairment charge based on the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value. This ASU will be effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 (i.e. calendar periods beginning on January 1, 2020, and interim periods therein. The Company does not expect any impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements resulting from the adoption of this update.Content

2.Investment Securities
In March 2017, FASB issued ASU 2017-08 - Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The provisions of the update require premiums recognized upon the purchase of callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date in order to avoid losses recognized upon call. For public business entities that are SEC filers the amendments of the update will become effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company does not expect the requirements of this update to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

2.Investment Securities

Following is a comparison of the amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale, as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016:2020:
(in 000's) Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value (Carrying Amount)
June 30, 2021
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Government agencies$38,077 $322 $(81)$38,318 
U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations69,488 520 (130)69,878 
Asset-backed securities5,259 60 5,319 
Municipal bonds48,505 189 (655)48,039 
Corporate bonds5,000 422 5,422 
Total securities available-for-sale$166,329 $1,513 $(866)$166,976 
(in 000's) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Carrying Amount)
September 30, 2017   
Securities available for sale:   
U.S. Government agencies$20,676
 $338
 $(44) $20,970
U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations23,693
 70
 (160) 23,603
Mutual Funds4,000
 
 (217) 3,783
Total securities available for sale$48,369
 $408
 $(421) $48,356

(in 000's) Amortized Cost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Carrying Amount)
December 31, 2016   
Securities available for sale:   
U.S. Government agencies$22,992
 $280
 $(69) $23,203
U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations30,867
 107
 (402) 30,572
Mutual Funds4,000
 
 (284) 3,716
Total securities available for sale$57,859
 $387
 $(755) $57,491
(in 000's) Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value (Carrying Amount)
December 31, 2020
Securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Government agencies$33,800 $142 $(232)$33,710 
U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations37,732 722 (9)38,445 
Asset-backed securities3,871 38 3,909 
Municipal bonds1,045 13 1,058 
Corporate bonds5,000 219 5,219 
Total securities available-for-sale$81,448 $1,134 $(241)$82,341 
 

The amortized cost and fair value of securities available for sale at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Contractual maturities on collateralized mortgage obligations cannot be anticipated due to allowed paydowns. Mutual funds are included in the "due in one year or less" category below.pay downs.
 June 30, 2021
 Amortized CostFair Value (Carrying Amount)
(in 000's)
Due in one year or less$1,479 $1,483 
Due after one year through five years465 464 
Due after five years through ten years67,811 67,824 
Due after ten years27,086 27,327 
Collateralized mortgage obligations69,488 69,878 
 $166,329 $166,976 
 September 30, 2017
 Amortized Cost Fair Value (Carrying Amount)
(in 000's) 
Due in one year or less$4,000
 $3,783
Due after one year through five years
 
Due after five years through ten years716
 728
Due after ten years19,960
 20,242
Collateralized mortgage obligations23,693
 23,603
 $48,369
 $48,356


There were no0 realized gains or losses on sales of available-for-sale securities for the three and ninesix month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. There were no0 other-than-temporary impairment losses for the three and ninesix month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020.


At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, available-for-sale securities with an amortized cost of approximately $36,896,960$105,071,000 (fair value of $36,955,121)$105,782,000) were pledged as collateral for FHLB borrowings, securitized deposits, and public funds balances.


The Company had no held-to-maturity or trading securities at September 30, 2017 or December 31, 2016.

11

Management periodically evaluates each available-for-sale investment security in an unrealized loss position to determine if the impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary.
Table of Content


The following summarizes temporarily impaired investment securities:
(in 000's)Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total(in 000's)Less than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
September 30, 2017Fair Value (Carrying Amount)  Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Carrying Amount)  Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Carrying Amount)  Unrealized Losses
June 30, 2021June 30, 2021Fair Value (Carrying Amount) Unrealized LossesFair Value (Carrying Amount) Unrealized LossesFair Value (Carrying Amount) Unrealized Losses
Securities available for sale:Fair Value (Carrying Amount)  Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Carrying Amount)  Unrealized Losses Fair Value (Carrying Amount)  Unrealized LossesSecurities available for sale:
U.S. Government agencies U.S. Government agencies$$$12,307 $(81)$12,307 $(81)
U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations9,363
 (25) 12,245
 (135) 21,608
 (160)U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations26,168 (130)26 26,194 (130)
Mutual Funds
 
 3,783
 (217) 3,783
 (217)
Corporate bondsCorporate bonds
Municipal bondsMunicipal bonds29,225 (655)29,225 (655)
Asset-backed securitiesAsset-backed securities
Total impaired securities$11,131
 $(29) $23,160
 $(392) $34,291
 $(421)Total impaired securities$55,393 $(785)$12,333 $(81)$67,726 $(866)
           
December 31, 2016 
  
  
  
  
  
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020      
Securities available for sale: 
  
  
  
  
  
Securities available for sale:     
U.S. Government agencies$12,281
 $(69) $
 $
 $12,281
 $(69)U.S. Government agencies$9,013 $(73)$16,963 $(159)$25,976 $(232)
U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations25,904
 (402) 
 
 25,904
 (402)U.S. Government sponsored entities & agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations30 (1)1,684 (8)1,714 (9)
Mutual Funds
 
 3,716
 (284) 3,716
 (284)
Corporate bondsCorporate bonds
Municipal bondsMunicipal bonds
Asset-backed securitiesAsset-backed securities
Total impaired securities$38,185
 $(471) $3,716
 $(284) $41,901
 $(755)Total impaired securities$9,043 $(74)$18,647 $(167)$27,690 $(241)
 
Temporarily impaired securities at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, were comprised of one mutual fund, threeNaN municipal bonds, 6 U.S. government agency securities, and ten9 U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations securities.


The Company evaluates investment securities for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) at least quarterly, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. The investment securities portfolio is evaluated for OTTI by segregating the portfolio into two2 general segments and applying the appropriate OTTI model. Investment securities classified as available-for-sale or held-to-maturity are generally evaluated for OTTI under ASC Topic 320, Investments – Debt and Equity Instruments. Certain purchased beneficial interests, including non-agency mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities, and collateralized debt obligations, are evaluated under ASC Topic 325-40, Beneficial Interest in Securitized Financial Assets.


In the first segment, theThe Company considers many factors in determining OTTI, including: (1) the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less than cost, (2) the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, (3) whether the market decline was affected by macroeconomic conditions, and (4) whether the Company has the intent to sell the debt security or more likely than not will be required to sell the debt security before its anticipated recovery. The assessment of whether an other-than-temporary decline exists involves a high degree of subjectivity and judgment and is based on the information available to the Company at the time of the evaluation.
 
The second segment of the portfolio uses theAdditionally, OTTI guidance that is specific to purchased beneficial interests including private label mortgage-backed securities. Under this model, the Company compares the present value of the remaining cash flows as estimated at the preceding evaluation date to the current expected remaining cash flows. An OTTI is deemed to have occurred if there has been an adverse change in the remaining expected future cash flows.
Additionally, other-than-temporary-impairment occurs when the Company intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period credit loss. If the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period credit loss, the other-than-temporary-impairment shall be recognized in earnings equal to the entire

difference between the investment’s amortized cost basis and its fair value at the balance sheet date. If the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis less any current-period loss, the other-than-temporary-impairment shall be separated into the amount representing the credit loss and the amount related to all other factors. The amount of the total other-than-temporary-impairment related to the credit loss is
12

Table of Content
recognized in earnings, and is determined based on the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected and the current amortized cost of the security. The amount of the total other-than-temporary-impairment related to other factors shall be recognized in other comprehensive (loss) income, net of applicable taxes. The previous amortized cost basis less the other-than-temporary-impairment recognized in earnings shall become the new amortized cost basis of the investment.


Management periodically evaluates each available-for-sale investment security in an unrealized loss position to determine if the impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary.

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the decline in fair value of the impaired mutual fund, the threeNaN municipal bonds, 6 U.S. government agency securities, and the ten9 U.S. government sponsored entities and agencies collateralized by mortgage obligations securities is attributable to changes in interest rates, and not credit quality. Because the Company does not have the intentintend to sell these impaired securities, and it is not more likely than not that it will not be required to sell these securities before its anticipated recovery, the Company does not consider these securities to be other-than-temporarily impaired at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.


During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $60,000 in unrealized holding losses and $85,000 of unrealized holding gains related to equity securities in the consolidated statements of income, respectively. For the quarters ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized unrealized holding gains of 0 and $71,000, respectively.
3.Loans


The Company had 0 held-to-maturity or trading securities at June 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020.

3.Loans

Loans are comprised of the following:
(in 000's)September 30, 2017
 December 31, 2016
Commercial and Business Loans$45,937
 $47,464
Government Program Loans1,014
 1,541
Total Commercial and Industrial46,951
 49,005
Real Estate – Mortgage: 
  
Commercial Real Estate199,668
 200,213
Residential Mortgages90,284
 87,388
Home Improvement and Home Equity loans510
 599
Total Real Estate Mortgage290,462
 288,200
Real Estate Construction and Development128,883
 130,687
Agricultural58,505
 56,918
Installment and Student Loans57,583
 44,949
Total Loans$582,384
 $569,759
(in 000's)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commercial and industrial:
Commercial and business loans$43,676 $37,349 
Government program loans12,408 10,165 
Total commercial and industrial56,084 47,514 
Real estate mortgage:  
Commercial real estate333,288 282,951 
Residential mortgages176,501 37,236 
Home improvement and home equity loans96 107 
Total real estate mortgage509,885 320,294 
Real estate construction and development165,426 175,016 
Agricultural53,518 51,079 
Installment and student loans56,190 61,508 
Total loans$841,103 $655,411 
 
TheOutside of mortgage loan pools, which are occasionally purchased, the Company's loans are predominantly in the San Joaquin Valley and the greater Oakhurst/East Madera County area, as well as the Campbell area of Santa Clara County. Although the Company does participate in loans with other financial institutions, they are primarily in the state of California.


Commercial and industrial loans represent 8.1%6.7% of total loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and are generally made to support the ongoing operations of small-to-medium sized commercial businesses. Commercial and industrial loans have a high degree of industry diversification and provide working capital, financing for the purchase of manufacturing plants and equipment, or funding for growth and general expansion of businesses. A substantial portion of commercial and industrial loans are secured by accounts receivable, inventory, leases, or other collateral including real estate. The remainder are unsecured; however, extensions of credit are predicated upon the financial capacity of the borrower. Repayment of commercial loans is generally from the cash flow of the borrower. Included within the balance of Commercial and industrial loans is $12,172,000 in Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans administrated by the SBA. PPP loans have a two or five year term and earn interest at 1%. In addition to interest, the Company receives a processing fee ranging from 3%-5% of the loan balance for each PPP loan. The fees are recognized as income over the contractual life of the loan. At June 30, 2021, there were $553,000 outstanding in net unearned

13

Table of Content
PPP fees. The Company believes that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program.

Real estate mortgage loans, representing 49.9%60.6% of total loans at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, are secured by trust deeds on primarily commercial property, but are also secured by trust deeds on single family residences. Repayment of real estate mortgage loans generally comes from the cash flow of the borrower.borrower and or guarantor(s).


Commercial real estate mortgage loans comprise the largest segment of this loan category and are available on all types of income producing and non-income producing commercial properties, including: office buildings, shopping centers; apartments and motels; owner occupied buildings; manufacturing facilities and more. Commercial real estate mortgage loans can also be used to refinance existing debt. Although real estate associated with the business is the primary collateral for commercial real estate mortgage loans, the underlying real estate is not the source of repayment.

Commercial real estate loans are made under the premise that the loan will be repaid from the borrower's business operations, rental income associated with the real property, or personal assets.


Residential mortgage loans are provided to individuals to finance or refinance single-family residences. Residential mortgages are not a primary business line offered by the Company, and a majority are conventional mortgages that were purchased as a pool. Most residential mortgages originated

Home Improvement and Home Equity loans comprise a relatively small portion of total real estate mortgage loans. Home equity loans are generally secured by the Company are of a shorter term than conventional mortgages, with maturities ranging from 3 to 15 years on average.junior trust deeds, but may be secured by 1st trust deeds.

Home Improvement and Home Equity loans comprise a relatively small portion of total real estate mortgage loans, and are offered to borrowers for the purpose of home improvements, although the proceeds may be used for other purposes. Home equity loans are generally secured by junior trust deeds, but may be secured by 1st trust deeds.


Real estate construction and development loans, representing 22.1%19.7% of total loans at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, consist of loans for residential and commercial construction projects, as well as land acquisition and development, or land held for future development. Loans in this category are secured by real estate including improved and unimproved land, as well as single-family residential, multi-family residential, and commercial properties in various stages of completion. All real estate loans have established equity requirements. Repayment on construction loans generally comes from long-term mortgages with other lending institutions obtained at completion of the project.project or from the sale of the constructed homes to individuals.


Agricultural loans represent 10.0%6.4% of total loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and are generally secured by land, equipment, inventory and receivables. Repayment is from the cash flow of the borrower.


Installment andloans, including student loans, represent 9.9%6.7% of total loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and generally consist of student loans, loans to individuals for household, family and other personal expenditures, such as credit cards, automobiles or other consumer items. Included in installment loans are $51,185,000 inSee "Note 4 - Student Loans" for specific information on the student loans made to medical and pharmacy school students. Repayment on student loans is deferred until 6 months after graduation. Accrued interest on loans that have not entered repayment status totaled $3,769,000 at September 30, 2017.loan portfolio.


In the normal course of business, the Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of its customers. At SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, these financial instruments include commitments to extend credit of $107,580,000$192,518,000 and $120,485,000,$216,799,000, respectively, and standby letters of credit of $2,058,000$465,000 and $1,201,000,$3,668,000, respectively. These instruments involve elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized on the consolidated balance sheet. The contract amounts of these instruments reflect the extent of the involvement the Company has in off-balance sheet financial instruments.


The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit is represented by the contractual amounts of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.


Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. A majority of these commitments are at floating interest rates based on the Prime rate. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates. The Company evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based on management's credit evaluation. Collateral held varies but includes accounts receivable, inventory, leases, property, plant and equipment, residential real estate and income-producing properties.


Standby letters of credit are generally unsecured and are issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers.




14

Table of Content
Past Due Loans


The Company monitors delinquency and potential problem loans on an ongoing basis through weekly reports to the Loan Committee and monthly reports to the Board of Directors.

The following is a summary of delinquent loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 (in 000's):
June 30, 2021Loans
30-60 Days Past Due
Loans
61-89 Days Past Due
Loans
90 or More
Days Past Due
Total Past Due LoansCurrent LoansTotal LoansAccruing
Loans 90 or
More Days Past Due
Commercial and business loans$$$$$43,676 $43,676 $
Government program loans12,408 12,408 
Total commercial and industrial56,084 56,084 
Commercial real estate loans333,288 333,288 
Residential mortgages546 546 175,955 176,501 
Home improvement and home equity loans14 14 82 96 
Total real estate mortgage14 546 560 509,325 509,885 
Real estate construction and development loans8,605 8,605 156,821 165,426 
Agricultural loans262 262 53,256 53,518 
Installment and student loans1,029 86 156 1,271 54,919 56,190 156 
Total loans$1,043 $632 $9,023 $10,698 $830,405 $841,103 $156 
September 30, 2017
Loans
30-60 Days Past Due
 
Loans
61-89 Days Past Due
 
Loans
90 or More
Days Past Due
 Total Past Due Loans Current Loans Total Loans 
Accruing
Loans 90 or
More Days Past Due
Commercial and Business Loans$249
 $
 $22
 $271
 $45,666
 $45,937
 $
Government Program Loans
 
 
 
 1,014
 1,014
 
Total Commercial and Industrial249
 
 22
 271
 46,680
 46,951
 
Commercial Real Estate Loans
 
 
 
 199,668
 199,668
 
Residential Mortgages
 
 
 
 90,284
 90,284
 
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 14
 
 14
 496
 510
 
Total Real Estate Mortgage
 14
 
 14
 290,448
 290,462
 
              
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans
 360
 
 360
 128,523
 128,883
 
Agricultural Loans
 
 
 
 58,505
 58,505
 
Consumer Loans
 
 
 
 57,313
 57,313
 
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
 
 
 40
 40
 
Overdrafts
 
 
 
 230
 230
 
Total Installment
 
 
 
 57,583
 57,583
 
Total Loans$249
 $374
 $22
 $645
 $581,739
 $582,384
 $


The following is a summary of delinquent loans at December 31, 20162020 (in 000's):
December 31, 2020Loans
30-60 Days Past Due
Loans
61-89 Days Past Due
Loans
90 or More
Days Past Due
Total Past Due LoansCurrent LoansTotal LoansAccruing
Loans 90 or
More Days Past Due
Commercial and business loans$184 $$$184 $37,165 $37,349 $
Government program loans10,165 10,165 
Total commercial and industrial184 184 47,330 47,514 
Commercial real estate loans282,951 282,951 
Residential mortgages37,236 37,236 
Home improvement and home equity loans107 107 
Total real estate mortgage320,294 320,294 
Real estate construction and development loans8,605 8,605 166,411 175,016 
Agricultural loans439 439 50,640 51,079 
Installment and student loans510 875 513 1,898 59,610 61,508 513 
Total loans$694 $875 $9,557 $11,126 $644,285 $655,411 $513 
December 31, 2016
Loans
30-60 Days Past Due
 
Loans
61-89 Days Past Due
 
Loans
90 or More
Days Past Due
 Total Past Due Loans Current Loans Total Loans 
Accruing
Loans 90 or
More Days Past Due
Commercial and Business Loans$
 $432
 $
 $432
 $48,009
 $48,441
 $
Government Program Loans
 
 290
 290
 1,251
 1,541
 
Total Commercial and Industrial
 432
 290
 722
 49,260
 49,982
 
Commercial Real Estate Loans
 
 
 
 199,810
 199,810
 
Residential Mortgages
 
 
 
 87,388
 87,388
 
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 
 
 
 599
 599
 
Total Real Estate Mortgage
 
 
 
 287,797
 287,797
 
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans166
 
 1,250
 1,416
 128,697
 130,113
 1,250
Agricultural Loans
 
 
 
 56,918
 56,918
 
Consumer Loans
 
 965
 965
 43,785
 44,750
 
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
 
 
 48
 48
 
Overdrafts
 
 
 
 151
 151
 
Total Installment
 
 965
 965
 43,984
 44,949
 
Total Loans$166
 $432
 $2,505
 $3,103
 $566,656
 $569,759
 $1,250


Nonaccrual Loans


Commercial, construction and commercial real estate loans are placed on nonaccrual status under the following circumstances:


- When there is doubt regarding the full repayment of interest and principal.

15

Table of Content

- When principal and/or interest on the loan has been in default for a period of 90-days90-days or more, unless the asset is both well secured and in the process of collection that will result in repayment in the near future.


- When the loan is identified as having loss elements and/or is risk rated "8" Doubtful.


Other circumstances which jeopardize the ultimate collectability of the loan including certain troubled debt restructurings, identified loan impairment, and certain loans to facilitate the sale of OREO.
Loans meeting any of the preceding criteria are placed on nonaccrual status and the accrual of interest for financial statement purposes is discontinued. Previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed and charged against interest income.


All otherloans, outside of student loans, where principal or interest is due and unpaid for 90 days or more are placed on nonaccrual and the accrual of interest for financial statement purposes is discontinued. Previously accrued but unpaid interest is reversed and charged against interest income. See Note 4 - Student Loans for specific information on the student loan portfolio.


When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status and subsequent payments of interest (and principal) are received, the interest received may be accounted for in two separate ways.


Cost recovery method: If the loan is in doubt as to full collection, the interest received in subsequent payments is diverted from interest income to a valuation reserve and treated as a reduction of principal for financial reporting purposes.


Cash basis: This method is only used if the recorded investment or total contractual amount is expected to be fully collectible, under which circumstances the subsequent payments of interest are credited to interest income as received.


Loans on non-accrual status are usually not returned to accrual status unless all delinquent principal and/or interest has been brought current, there is no identified element of loss, and current and continued satisfactory performance is expected (loss of the contractual amount not the carrying amount of the loan). Return to accrual is generally demonstrated through the timely receipt of at least six6 monthly payments on a loan with monthly amortization.


Nonaccrual loans totaled $5,145,000 and $7,264,000 at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. There were no0 remaining undisbursed commitments to extend credit on nonaccrual loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 or December 31, 2016.2020.


The following is a summary of nonaccrual loan balances at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 20162020 (in 000's).
June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commercial and business loans$$
Government program loans
Total commercial and industrial
Commercial real estate loans
Residential mortgages
Home improvement and home equity loans
Total real estate mortgage
Real estate construction and development loans10,940 11,057 
Agricultural loans325 439 
Installment and student loans
Total nonaccrual loans$11,265 $11,496 
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Commercial and Business Loans$271
 $275
Government Program Loans
 290
Total Commercial and Industrial271
 565
    
Commercial Real Estate Loans466
 1,126
Residential Mortgages
 
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 
Total Real Estate Mortgage466
 1,126
    
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans4,408
 4,608
 Agricultural Loans
 
    
Consumer Loans
 965
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
Overdrafts
 
Total Installment
 965
Total Loans$5,145
 $7,264



Impaired Loans


A loan is considered impaired when based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due, including principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.


The Company applies its normal loan review procedures in making judgments regarding probable losses and loan impairment. The Company evaluates for impairment those loans on nonaccrual status, graded doubtful, graded substandard or those that are troubled debt restructures. The primary basis for inclusion in impaired status under generally accepted accounting
16

Table of Content
pronouncements is that it is probable that the Bank will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.


A loan is not considered impaired if there is merely an insignificant delay or shortfall in the amounts of payments and the Company expects to collect all amounts due, including interest accrued, at the contractual interest rate for the period of the delay.


Review for impairment does not include large groups of smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated to estimate the allowance for loan losses. The Company’s present allowance for loan losses methodology, including migration analysis, captures required reserves for these loans in the formula allowance.


For loans determined to be impaired, the Company evaluates impairment based upon either the fair value of underlying collateral, discounted cash flows of expected payments, or observable market price.


-For loans secured by collateral including real estate and equipment, the fair value of the collateral less selling costs will determine the carrying value of the loan. The difference between the recorded investment in the loan and the fair value, less selling costs, determines the amount of impairment. The Company uses the measurement method based on fair value of collateral when the loan is collateral dependent and foreclosure is probable. For loans that are not considered collateral dependent, a discounted cash flow methodology is used.

-     For loans secured by collateral including real estate and equipment, the fair value of the collateral less selling costs will determine the carrying value of the loan. The difference between the recorded investment in the loan and the fair value, less selling costs, determines the amount of impairment. The Company uses the measurement method based on fair value of collateral when the loan is collateral dependent and foreclosure is probable. For loans that are not considered collateral dependent, a discounted cash flow methodology is used.
-The discounted cash flow method of measuring the impairment of a loan is used for impaired loans that are not considered to be collateral dependent. Under this method, the Company assesses both the amount and timing of cash flows expected from impaired loans. The estimated cash flows are discounted using the loan's effective interest rate. The difference between the amount of the loan on the Bank's books and the discounted cash flow amounts determines the amount of impairment to be provided. This method is used for most of the Company’s troubled debt restructurings or other impaired loans where some payment stream is being collected.


-The observable market price method of measuring the impairment of a loan is only used by the Company when the sale of loans or a loan is in process.
-     The discounted cash flow method of measuring the impairment of a loan is used for impaired loans that are not considered to be collateral dependent. Under this method, the Company assesses both the amount and timing of cash flows expected from impaired loans. The estimated cash flows are discounted using the loan's effective interest rate. The difference between the amount of the loan on the Bank's books and the discounted cash flow amounts determines the amount of impairment to be provided. This method is used for most of the Company’s troubled debt restructurings or other impaired loans where some payment stream is being collected.

-     The observable market price method of measuring the impairment of a loan is only used by the Company when the sale of loans or a loan is in process.
 
The method for recognizing interest income on impaired loans is dependent on whether the loan is on nonaccrual status or is a troubled debt restructure. For income recognition, the existing nonaccrual and troubled debt restructuring policies are applied to impaired loans. Generally, except for certain troubled debt restructurings which are performing under the restructure agreement, the Company does not recognize interest income received on impaired loans, but reduces the carrying amount of the loan for financial reporting purposes.


Loans other than certain homogeneous loan portfolios are reviewed on a quarterly basis for impairment. Impaired loans are written down to estimated realizable values by the establishment of specific reserves for loanloans utilizing the discounted cash flow method, or charge-offs for collateral-based impaired loans, or those using observable market pricing.
 

17

Table of Content
The following is a summary of impaired loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 (in 000's).
June 30, 2021Unpaid
Contractual
Principal Balance
Recorded
Investment
With No Allowance (1)
Recorded
Investment
With Allowance (1)
Total
Recorded Investment
Related AllowanceAverage
Recorded Investment (2)
Interest Recognized (2)
Commercial and business loans$$$$$$260 $
Government program loans154 155 155 184 
Total commercial and industrial154 155 155 444 
Commercial real estate loans896 
Residential mortgages359 360 360 12 530 
Home improvement and home equity loans
Total real estate mortgage359 360 360 12 1,426 
Real estate construction and development loans10,940 10,940 10,940 11,056 146 
Agricultural loans379 117 262 379 161 501 13 
Installment and student loans
Total impaired loans$11,832 $11,212 $622 $11,834 $173 $13,427 $172 
September 30, 2017
Unpaid
Contractual
Principal Balance
 
Recorded
Investment
With No Allowance (1)
 
Recorded
Investment
With Allowance (1)
 
Total
Recorded Investment
 Related Allowance 
Average
Recorded Investment (2)
 Interest Recognized (2)
Commercial and Business Loans$3,590
 $543
 $3,061
 $3,604
 $567
 $3,965
 $63
Government Program Loans83
 54
 29
 83
 4
 275
 36
Total Commercial and Industrial3,673
 597
 3,090
 3,687
 571
 4,240
 99
              
Commercial Real Estate Loans1,147
 
 1,151
 1,151
 221
 1,102
 10
Residential Mortgages2,783
 512
 2,281
 2,793
 206
 2,643
 150
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Real Estate Mortgage3,930
 512
 3,432
 3,944
 427
 3,745
 160
              
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans6,797
 6,816
 
 6,816
 
 6,889
 415
Agricultural Loans887
 1
 890
 891
 743
 1,170
 64
              
Consumer Loans
 
 
 
 
 322
 
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
 
 
 
 
 
Overdrafts
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Installment
 
 
 
 
 322
 
Total Impaired Loans$15,287
 $7,926
 $7,412
 $15,338
 $1,741
 $16,366
 $738


(1) The recorded investment in loans includes accrued interest receivable of $51,000.$2.
(2) Information is based on the nine month periodsix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.    2021.



18

The following is a summary of impaired loans at December 31, 20162020 (in 000's).
December 31, 2020Unpaid
Contractual
Principal Balance
Recorded
Investment
With No Allowance (1)
Recorded
Investment
With Allowance (1)
Total
Recorded Investment
Related AllowanceAverage
Recorded Investment (2)
Interest Recognized (2)
Commercial and business loans$250 $251 $$251 $$551 $23 
Government program loans214 215 215 236 14 
Total commercial and industrial464 466 466 787 37 
Commercial real estate loans874 878 878 1,822 54 
Residential mortgages365 366 366 13 867 17 
Home improvement and home equity loans
Total real estate mortgage1,239 878 366 1,244 13 2,689 71 
Real estate construction and development loans11,057 11,057 11,057 11,223 252 
Agricultural loans610 293 316 609 196 675 39 
Installment and student loans
Total impaired loans$13,370 $12,694 $682 $13,376 $209 $15,374 $399 

December 31, 2016
Unpaid
Contractual
Principal Balance
 
Recorded
Investment
With No Allowance (1)
 
Recorded
Investment
With Allowance (1)
 
Total
Recorded Investment
 Related Allowance 
Average
Recorded Investment (2)
 Interest Recognized (2)
Commercial and Business Loans$4,635
 $495
 $4,158
 $4,653
 $757
 $5,050
 $302
Government Program Loans356
 356
 
 356
 
 372
 20
Total Commercial and Industrial4,991
 851
 4,158
 5,009
 757
 5,422
 322
              
Commercial Real Estate Loans1,454
 
 1,456
 1,456
 450
 1,503
 89
Residential Mortgages2,467
 526
 1,949
 2,475
 153
 2,874
 138
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Real Estate Mortgage3,921
 526
 3,405
 3,931
 603
 4,377
 227
              
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans6,267
 6,274
 
 6,274
 
 8,794
 361
Agricultural Loans
 
 
 
 
 5
 8
              
Consumer Loans965
 965
 
 965
 
 968
 35
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
 
 
 
 
 
Overdrafts
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Installment965
 965
 
 965
 
 968
 35
Total Impaired Loans$16,144
 $8,616
 $7,563
 $16,179
 $1,360
 $19,566
 $953


(1) The recorded investment in loans includes accrued interest receivable of $35,000.$6.
(2) Information is based on the twelve month periodyear ended December 31, 2016.2020.


In most cases, the Company uses the cash basis method of income recognition for impaired loans. In the case of certain troubled debt restructurings for which the loan is performing under the current contractual terms for a reasonable period of time, income is recognized under the accrual method.


The average recorded investment in impaired loans for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 20162020 was $15,681,000$12,452,000 and $19,397,000,
$15,685,000, respectively. Interest income recognized on impaired loans for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 20162020 was
approximately $192,000$78,000 and $34,000,$124,000, respectively. For impaired nonaccrual loans, interest income recognized under a cash-basis method of accounting was approximately $70,000$87,000 and $126,000$67,000 for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, respectively.


The average recorded investment in impaired loans for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 20162020 was $16,366,000$13,427,000 and $21,440,000,
$16,148,000, respectively. Interest income recognized on impaired loans for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 was
approximately $738,000$172,000 and $741,000,$263,000, respectively. For impaired nonaccrual loans, interest income recognized under a cash-basis method of accounting was approximately $260,000$156,000 and $362,000$148,000 for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016, 2020,
respectively.



Troubled Debt Restructurings


In certain circumstances, when the Company grants a concession to a borrower as part of a loan restructuring, the restructuring is accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring (TDR). TDRs are reported as a component of impaired loans.


A TDR is a type of restructuring in which the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower's financial difficulties, grants a concession (either imposed by court order, law, or agreement between the borrower and the Bank) to the
19

Table of Content
borrower that it would not otherwise consider. Although the restructuring may take different forms, the Company's objective is to maximize recovery of its investment by granting relief to the borrower.


A TDR may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following:


- A transfer from the borrower to the Company of receivables from third parties, real estate, other assets, or an equity interest in the borrower is granted to fully or partially satisfy the loan.


- A modification of terms of a debt such as one or a combination of:


The reduction (absolute or contingent) of the stated interest rate.
The extension of the maturity date or dates at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk.
The reduction (absolute or contingent) of the face amount or maturity amount of debt as stated in the instrument or agreement.
The reduction (absolute or contingent) of accrued interest.
The reduction (absolute or contingent) of the stated interest rate.
The extension of the maturity date or dates at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk.
The reduction (absolute or contingent) of the face amount or maturity amount of debt as stated in the instrument or agreement.
The reduction (absolute or contingent) of accrued interest.
For a restructured loan to return to accrual status there needs to be, among other factors, at least 6 months successful payment history. In addition,history and continued satisfactory performance is expected. To this end, the Company typically performs a financial analysis of the credit to determine whether the borrower has the ability to continue to meet payments over the remaining life of the loan. This includes, but is not limited to, a review of financial statements and cash flow analysis of the borrower. Only after determination that the borrower has the ability to perform under the terms of the loans, will the restructured credit be considered for accrual status. Although the Company does not have a policy which specifically addresses when a loan may be removed from TDR classification, as a matter of practice, loans classified as TDRs generally remain classified as such until the loan either reaches maturity, a confirming loan is renewed at market terms, or its outstanding balance is paid off.



There were no TDR additions or defaults for the quarters ended June 30, 2021 or June 30, 2020. There were no additions during the six months ended June 30, 2021 and one during the six months ended June 30, 2020.

The following tables illustrates TDR activityadditions and defaults for the periods indicated:
Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
($ in 000's)Number of
Contracts
Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Number of Contracts which Defaulted During PeriodRecorded Investment on Defaulted TDRs
Troubled Debt Restructurings
Commercial and business loans0$
Government program loans
Commercial real estate term loans
Single family residential loans
Home improvement and home equity loans
Real estate construction and development loans
Agricultural loans179 179 
Installment and student loans
Overdraft protection lines
Total loans$179 $179 $
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
($ in 000's)Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 Number of Contracts which Defaulted During Period Recorded Investment on Defaulted TDRs
Troubled Debt Restructurings         
Commercial and Business Loans
 $
 $
 
 $
Government Program Loans
 
 
 
 
Commercial Real Estate Term Loans
 
 
 
 
Single Family Residential Loans1
 167
 167
 
 
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 
 
 
 
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Loans1
 587
 587
 
 
Consumer Loans
 
 
 
 
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
 
 
 
Total Loans2
 $754
 $754
 
 $



 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
($ in 000's)Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 Number of Contracts which Defaulted During Period Recorded Investment on Defaulted TDRs
Troubled Debt Restructurings         
Commercial and Business Loans1
 $69
 $69
 
 $
Government Program Loans1
 178
 178
 
 
Commercial Real Estate Term Loans
 
 
 
 
Single Family Residential Loans2
 404
 404
 
 
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 
 
 
 
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans1
 790
 790
 
 
Agricultural Loans2
 1,437
 1,437
 
 
Consumer Loans
 
 
 
 
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
 
 
 
Total Loans7
 $2,878
 $2,878
 
 $




Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
($ in 000's)Number of
Contracts
Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Number of Contracts which Defaulted During PeriodRecorded Investment on Defaulted TDRs
Troubled Debt Restructurings
Commercial and Business Loans
$
$

$
Government Program Loans




Commercial Real Estate Term Loans




Single Family Residential Loans




Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans




Real Estate Construction and Development Loans




Agricultural Loans




Consumer Loans




Overdraft Protection Lines




Total Loans
$
$

$

 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
($ in 000's)Number of
Contracts
 Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 Number of Contracts which Defaulted During Period Recorded Investment on Defaulted TDRs
Troubled Debt Restructurings         
Commercial and Business Loans4
 $1,021
 $749
 
 $
Government Program Loans1
 100
 100
 
 
Commercial Real Estate Term Loans
 
 
 
 
Single Family Residential Loans
 
 
 
 
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 
 
 
 
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans
 
 
 
 
Agricultural Loans
 
 
 
 
Consumer Loans
 
 
 
 
Overdraft Protection Lines
 
 
 
 
Total Loans5
 $1,121
 $849
 
 $

The Company makes various types of concessions when structuring TDRs including rate reductions,discounts, payment extensions, and other-than-temporary forbearance. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company had 296 restructured loans totaling $12,150,000$3,073,000 as compared to 287 restructured loans totaling $12,410,000$3,426,000 at December 31, 2016.2020.


20

Table of Content
The following tables summarize TDR activity by loan category for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020 (in 000's).

Three Months Ended
June 30, 2021
Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real EstateResidential MortgagesHome Improvement and Home EquityReal Estate Construction DevelopmentAgriculturalInstallment
and Student Loans
Total
Beginning balance$$$362 $$2,401 $448 $$3,211 
Additions
Principal (reductions) additions(3)(66)(69)(138)
Charge-offs
Ending balance$$$359 $$2,335 $379 $$3,073 
Allowance for loan loss$$$12 $$$161 $$173 
Defaults$$$$$$$$

Three Months Ended September 30, 2017Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Residential Mortgages Home Improvement and Home Equity Real Estate Construction Development Agricultural Installment
& Other
 Total
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2020
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2020
Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real EstateResidential MortgagesHome Improvement and Home EquityReal Estate Construction DevelopmentAgriculturalInstallment
and Student Loans
Total
Beginning balance$1,055
 $1,062
 $2,573
 $
 $6,868
 $400
 $
 $11,958
Beginning balance$$893 $1,048 $$2,587 $721 $$5,253 


 

 

 

 

 

 

  
Defaults
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions
 
 167
 
 
 587
 
 754
Additions


 

 

 

 
 

 

  
Principal (reductions) additions(425) 85
 (52) 
 (70) (100) 
 (562)Principal (reductions) additions(4)(4)(10)(51)(29)(98)
Charge-offsCharge-offs
               
Ending balance$630
 $1,147
 $2,688
 $
 $6,798
 $887
 $
 $12,150
Ending balance$$889 $1,038 $$2,536 $692 $$5,155 
               
Allowance for loan loss$15
 $221
 $206
 $
 $
 $743
 $
 $1,185
Allowance for loan loss$$175 $31 $$$243 $$449 
DefaultsDefaults$$$$$$$$

Three Months Ended September 30, 2016Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Residential Mortgages Home Improvement and Home Equity Real Estate Construction Development Agricultural Installment
& Other
 Total
Beginning balance$1,236
 $1,510
 $2,400
 $
 $12,100
 $6
 $965
 $18,217
 

 

 

 

 

   

  
Defaults
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 

 

 
   

  
Principal reductions10
 (25) (15) 
 (6,991) (5) 
 (7,026)
                
Ending balance$1,246
 $1,485
 $2,385
 $
 $5,109
 $1
 $965
 $11,191
                
Allowance for loan loss$38
 $472
 $163
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $673

The following tables summarize TDR activity by loan category for the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 20172021 and SeptemberJune 30, 20162020 (in 000's).

Six Months Ended
June 30, 2021
Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real EstateResidential MortgagesHome Improvement and Home EquityReal Estate Construction DevelopmentAgriculturalInstallment
and Student Loans
Total
Beginning balance$$$365 $$2,452 $609 $$3,426 
Additions
Principal (reductions) additions(6)(117)(230)(353)
Charge-offs
Ending balance$$$359 $$2,335 $379 $$3,073 
Allowance for loan loss$$$12 $$$161 $$173 
Defaults$$$$$$$$
21

Table of Content
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Residential Mortgages Home Improvement and Home Equity Real Estate Construction Development Agricultural 
Installment
& Other
 Total
Beginning balance$1,356
 $1,454
 $2,368
 $
 $6,267
 $
 $965
 $12,410
                
Defaults
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions247
 
 404
 
 790
 1,437
 
 2,878
                
Principal reductions(973) (307) (84) 
 (259) (550) (965) (3,138)
                
Ending balance$630
 $1,147
 $2,688
 $
 $6,798
 $887
 $
 $12,150
                
Allowance for loan loss$15
 $221
 $206
 $
 $
 $743
 $
 $1,185



Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020
Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real EstateResidential MortgagesHome Improvement and Home EquityReal Estate Construction DevelopmentAgriculturalInstallment
and Student Loans
Total
Beginning balance$$898 $1,060 $$2,654 $566 $$5,187 
Additions179 179 
Principal (reductions) additions(9)(9)(22)(118)(53)(211)
Charge-offs
Ending balance$$889 $1,038 $$2,536 $692 $$5,155 
Allowance for loan loss$$175 $31 $$$243 $$449 
Defaults$$$$$$$$
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Residential Mortgages Home Improvement and Home Equity Real Estate Construction Development Agricultural 
Installment
& Other
 Total
Beginning balance$898
 $1,243
 $3,533
 $
 $12,168
 $16
 $650
 $18,508
                
Defaults
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Additions849
 
 
 
 
 
 
 849
                
Principal additions (reductions)(501) 242
 (1,148) 
 (7,059) (15) 315
 (8,166)
                
Ending balance$1,246
 $1,485
 $2,385
 $
 $5,109
 $1
 $965
 $11,191
                
Allowance for loan loss$38
 $472
 $163
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $673


Credit Quality Indicators


As part of its credit monitoring program, the Company utilizes a risk rating system which quantifies the risk the Company estimates it has assumed during the life of a loan. The system rates the strength of the borrower and the facility or transaction, and is designed to provide a program for risk management and early detection of problems.


For each new credit approval, credit extension, renewal, or modification of existing credit facilities, the Company assigns risk ratings utilizing the rating scale identified in this policy. In addition, on an on-going basis, loans and credit facilities are reviewed for internal and external influences impacting the credit facility that would warrant a change in the risk rating. Each loan credit facility is to be given a risk rating that takes into account factors that materially affect credit quality.


When assigning risk ratings, the Company evaluates two2 risk rating approaches, a facility rating and a borrower rating as follows:


Facility Rating:


The facility rating is determined by the analysis of positive and negative factors that may indicate that the quality of a particular loan or credit arrangement requires that it be rated differently from the risk rating assigned to the borrower. The Company assesses the risk impact of these factors:


Collateral - The rating may be affected by the type and quality of the collateral, the degree of coverage, the economic life of the collateral, liquidation value and the Company's ability to dispose of the collateral.


Guarantees - The value of third party support arrangements varies widely. Unconditional guaranties from persons with demonstrable ability to perform are more substantial than that of closely related persons to the borrower who offer only modest support.


Unusual Terms - Credit may be extended on terms that subject the Company to a higher level of risk than indicated in the rating of the borrower.


Borrower Rating:


The borrower rating is a measure of loss possibility based on the historical, current and anticipated financial characteristics of the borrower in the current risk environment. To determine the rating, the Company considers at least the following factors:


-    Quality of management
-    Liquidity
-    Leverage/capitalization
22

Table of Content
-    Profit margins/earnings trend
-    Adequacy of financial records
-    Alternative funding sources
-    Geographic risk

-    Industry risk
-    Cash flow risk
-    Accounting practices
-    Asset protection
-    Extraordinary risks


The Company assigns risk ratings to loans other than consumer loans and other homogeneous loan pools based on the following scale. The risk ratings are used when determining borrower ratings as well as facility ratings. When the borrower rating and the facility ratings differ, the lowest rating applied is:

-
Grades 1 and 2 – These grades include loans which are given to high quality borrowers with high credit quality and sound financial strength. Key financial ratios are generally above industry averages and the borrower’s strong earnings history or net worth. These may be secured by deposit accounts or high-grade investment securities.

-
Grade 3 – This grade includes loans to borrowers with solid credit quality with minimal risk. The borrower’s balance sheet and financial ratios are generally in line with industry averages, and the borrower has historically demonstrated the ability to manage economic adversity. Real estate and asset-based loans assigned this risk rating must have characteristics, which place them well above the minimum underwriting requirements for those departments. Asset-based borrowers assigned this rating must exhibit extremely favorable leverage and cash flow characteristics, and consistently demonstrate a high level of unused borrowing capacity.

-
Grades 4 and 5 – These include “pass” grade loans to borrowers of acceptable credit quality and risk. The borrower’s balance sheet and financial ratios may be below industry averages, but above the lowest industry quartile. Leverage is above and liquidity is below industry averages. Inadequacies evident in financial performance and/or management sufficiency are offset by readily available features of support, such as adequate collateral, or good guarantors having the liquid assets and/or cash flow capacity to repay the debt. The borrower may have recognized a loss over three or four years, however recent earnings trends, while perhaps somewhat cyclical, are improving and cash flows are adequate to cover debt service and fixed obligations. Real estate and asset-borrowers fully comply with all underwriting standards and are performing according to projections would be assigned this rating. These also include grade 5 loans which are “leveraged” or on management’s “watch list.” While still considered pass loans (loans given a grade 5), the borrower’s financial condition, cash flow or operations evidence more than average risk and short term weaknesses, these loans warrant a higher than average level of monitoring, supervision and attention from the Company, but do not reflect credit weakness trends that weaken or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position. Loans with a grade rating of 5 are not normally acceptable as new credits unless they are adequately secured or carry substantial endorser/guarantors.

-
Grade 6 – This grade includes “special mention” loans which are loans that are currently protected but are potentially weak. This generally is an interim grade classification and should usually be upgraded to an Acceptable rating or downgraded to Substandard within a reasonable time period. Weaknesses in special mention loans may, if not checked or corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention loans are often loans with weaknesses inherent from the loan origination, loan servicing, and perhaps some technical deficiencies. The main theme in special mention credits is the distinct probability that the classification will deteriorate to a more adverse class if the noted deficiencies are not addressed by the loan officer or loan management.

-
Grade 7 – This grade includes “substandard” loans which are inadequately supported by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that may impair the regular liquidation of the debt. Substandard loans exhibit a distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans also include impaired loans.

-
Grade 8 – This grade includes “doubtful” loans which exhibit the same characteristics as the Substandard loans with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the loan, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending factors include a proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans.



-    Grades 1 and 2 – These grades include loans which are given to high quality borrowers with high credit quality and sound financial strength. Key financial ratios are generally above industry averages and the borrower’s strong earnings history or net worth. These may be secured by deposit accounts or high-grade investment securities.
-
Grade 9 – This grade includes loans classified “loss” which are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the asset even though partial recovery may be achieved in the future.

-    Grade 3 – This grade includes loans to borrowers with solid credit quality with minimal risk. The borrower’s balance sheet and financial ratios are generally in line with industry averages, and the borrower has historically demonstrated the ability to manage economic adversity. Real estate and asset-based loans assigned this risk rating must have characteristics, which place them well above the minimum underwriting requirements for those departments. Asset-based borrowers assigned this rating must exhibit extremely favorable leverage and cash flow characteristics, and consistently demonstrate a high level of unused borrowing capacity.

-    Grades 4 and 5 – These include “pass” grade loans to borrowers of acceptable credit quality and risk. The borrower’s balance sheet and financial ratios may be below industry averages, but above the lowest industry quartile. Leverage is above and liquidity is below industry averages. Inadequacies evident in financial performance and/or management sufficiency are offset by readily available features of support, such as adequate collateral, or good guarantors having the liquid assets and/or cash flow capacity to repay the debt. The borrower may have recognized a loss over three or four years, however recent earnings trends, while perhaps somewhat cyclical, are improving and cash flows are adequate to cover debt service and fixed obligations. Real estate and asset-borrowers fully comply with all underwriting standards and are performing according to projections would be assigned this rating. These also include grade 5 loans which are “leveraged” or on management’s “watch list.” While still considered pass loans (loans given a grade 5), the borrower’s financial condition, cash flow or operations evidence more than average risk and short term weaknesses, these loans warrant a higher than average level of monitoring, supervision and attention from the Company, but do not reflect credit weakness trends that weaken or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position. Loans with a grade rating of 5 are not normally acceptable as new credits unless they are adequately secured or carry substantial endorser/guarantors.

-    Grade 6 – This grade includes “special mention” loans which are loans that are currently protected but are potentially weak. This generally is an interim grade classification and should usually be upgraded to an Acceptable rating or downgraded to Substandard within a reasonable time period. Weaknesses in special mention loans may, if not checked or corrected, weaken the asset or inadequately protect the Company’s credit position at some future date. Special mention loans are often loans with weaknesses inherent from the loan origination, loan servicing, and perhaps some technical deficiencies. The main theme in special mention credits is the distinct probability that the classification will deteriorate to a more adverse class if the noted deficiencies are not addressed by the loan officer or loan management.

-    Grade 7 – This grade includes “substandard” loans which are inadequately supported by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that may impair the regular liquidation of the debt. Substandard loans exhibit a distinct possibility that the Company will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans also include impaired loans.

-    Grade 8 – This grade includes “doubtful” loans which exhibit the same characteristics as the Substandard loans with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions and values, highly questionable and improbable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, but because of certain important and reasonably specific pending factors, which may work to the advantage and strengthening of the loan, its classification as an estimated loss is deferred until its more exact status may be determined. Pending
23

factors include a proposed merger, acquisition, or liquidation procedures, capital injection, perfecting liens on additional collateral and refinancing plans.

-    Grade 9 – This grade includes loans classified “loss” which are considered uncollectible and of such little value that their continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the asset has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off the asset even though partial recovery may be achieved in the future.
 
The Company did not carry any loans graded as doubtful or loss at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 or December 31, 2016.2020.


The following tables summarize the credit risk ratings for commercial, construction, and other non-consumer related loans for SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016:2020:
June 30, 2021Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real EstateReal Estate Construction and DevelopmentAgriculturalTotal
(in 000's)
Grades 1 and 2$12,415 $$$$12,415 
Grade 3483 483 
Grades 4 and 5 – pass43,506 310,404 154,486 40,335 548,731 
Grade 6 – special mention22,401 12,804 35,205 
Grade 7 – substandard163 10,940 379 11,482 
Total$56,084 $333,288 $165,426 $53,518 $608,316 
 Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction and Development Agricultural Total
September 30, 2017    
(in 000's)    
Grades 1 and 2$381
 $2,972
 $
 $70
 $3,423
Grade 3268
 5,600
 
 
 5,868
Grades 4 and 5 – pass40,155
 182,089
 108,506
 55,488
 386,238
Grade 6 – special mention2,635
 8,541
 2,609
 985
 14,770
Grade 7 – substandard3,512
 466
 17,768
 1,962
 23,708
Grade 8 – doubtful
 
 
 
 
Total$46,951
 $199,668
 $128,883
 $58,505
 $434,007
Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction and Development Agricultural Total
December 31, 2016 
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020Commercial and IndustrialCommercial Real EstateReal Estate Construction and DevelopmentAgriculturalTotal
(in 000's)Commercial and Industrial Commercial Real Estate Real Estate Construction and Development Agricultural Total(in 000's)
Grades 1 and 2 Grades 1 and 2$9,811 $$$30 $9,841 
Grade 3 Grade 3519 519 
Grades 4 and 5 – pass34,921
 192,699
 110,992
 56,843
 395,455
Grades 4 and 5 – pass35,919 267,215 163,959 49,006 516,099 
Grade 6 – special mention4,416
 621
 928
 
 5,965
Grade 6 – special mention1,307 14,343 1,434 17,084 
Grade 7 – substandard4,505
 1,126
 18,767
 
 24,398
Grade 7 – substandard477 874 11,057 609 13,017 
Grade 8 – doubtful
 
 
 
 
Total$49,005
 $200,213
 $130,687
 $56,918
 $436,823
Total$47,514 $282,951 $175,016 $51,079 $556,560 
 
The Company follows consistent underwriting standards outlined in its loan policy for consumer and other homogeneous loans but, does not specifically assign a risk rating when these loans are originated.originated or purchased. Consumer loans are monitored for credit risk and are considered “pass” loans until some issue or event requires that the credit be downgraded to special mention or worse. Within the student loan portfolio, the Company does not grade these loans individually, but monitors credit quality indicators such as delinquency and program defined status codes such as forbearance.


The following tables summarize the credit risk ratings for consumer related loans and other homogeneous loans for SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016:2020:
 June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 Residential MortgagesHome
Improvement and Home Equity
Installment and Student LoansTotalResidential MortgagesHome
Improvement and Home Equity
Installment and Student LoansTotal
(in 000's)
Not graded$166,012 $82 $55,559 $221,653 $27,484 $92 $60,414 $87,990 
Pass10,489 14 475 10,978 9,752 15 570 10,337 
Special mention11 11 
Substandard156 156 513 513 
Doubtful
Total$176,501 $96 $56,190 $232,787 $37,236 $107 $61,508 $98,851 
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 Residential Mortgages 
Home
Improvement and Home Equity
 Installment and Other Total Residential Mortgages 
Home
Improvement and Home Equity
 Installment and Other Total
(in 000's)       
Not graded$74,355
 $486
 $54,750
 $129,591
 $69,955
 $573
 $41,855
 $112,383
Pass14,659
 24
 2,827
 17,510
 15,669
 26
 2,120
 17,815
Special Mention647
 
 
 647
 
 
 
 
Substandard623
 
 6
 629
 1,764
 
 9
 1,773
Doubtful
 
 
 
 
 
 965
 965
Total$90,284
 $510
 $57,583
 $148,377
 $87,388
 $599
 $44,949
 $132,936


Allowance for Loan Losses

24

Table of Content

The Company analyzes risk characteristics inherent in each loan portfolio segment as part of the quarterly review of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses. The following summarizes some of the key risk characteristics for the ten10 segments of the loan portfolio (Consumer loans include three3 segments):


Commercial and industrial loans – Commercial loans are subject to the effects of economic cycles and tend to exhibit increased risk as economic conditions deteriorate, or if the economic downturn is prolonged. The Company considers this segment to be one of higher risk given the size of individual loans and the balances in the overall portfolio.
 
Government program loans – This is a relatively a small part of the Company’s loan portfolio, but has historically had a high percentage of loans that have migrated from pass to substandard given their vulnerability to economic cycles.
 
Commercial real estate loans – This segment is considered to have more risk in part because of the vulnerability of commercial businesses to economic cycles as well as the exposure to fluctuations in real estate prices because most of these loans are secured by real estate. Losses in this segment have however been historically low because most of the loans are real estate secured, and the bank maintains appropriate loan-to-value ratios.
 
Residential mortgages – This segment is considered to have low risk factors both from the Company and peer statistics. These loans are secured by first deeds of trust. The losses experienced over the past sixteen quarters are isolated to approximately nine loans and are generally the result of short sales.
 
Home improvement and home equity loans – Because of their junior lien position, these loans have an inherently higher risk level. BecauseAdditionally, residential real estate has been severely distressedchallenged in the recent past theand therefore anticipated risk for this loan segment has increased.
 
Real estate construction and development loans –This segment of loans is considered to have a higher risk profile due to construction and market value issues in conjunction with normal credit risks.
 
Agricultural loans – This segment is considered to have risks associated with weather, water availability, regulatory, insects, and marketing issues. In addition, concentrations in certain crops or certain agricultural areas can increase risk.


Installment and otherstudent loans (Includes consumer loans, student loans, overdrafts, and overdraft protection lines) – This segment is higher risk because many of the loans are unsecured. Additionally, in the case of student loans, there are increased risks associated with liquidity as there is a significant time lag between funding of a student loan and eventual repayment.


COVID-19 – The Company is engaged in more frequent communication with borrowers to understand their situation and the challenges faced, as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. While the Company has not yet experienced any charge-offs related to COVID-19, the allowance for credit loss calculation, and resulting provision for credit losses, are impacted by changes in economic conditions and an increase in unemployment. Although economic scenarios have improved since the pandemic was declared in March 2020, the credit risk in the loan portfolio remains heightened resulting in the need for an additional reserve for credit loss.

The following summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses by loan category for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 20162020 (in 000's).


25

Table of Content
Three Months EndedCommercial and Industrial Real Estate Mortgage Real Estate Construction Development  Agricultural Installment & Other  Unallocated TotalThree Months EndedCommercial and IndustrialReal Estate MortgageReal Estate Construction Development AgriculturalInstallment & Student Loans UnallocatedTotal
September 30, 2017 
June 30, 2021June 30, 2021Commercial and IndustrialReal Estate MortgageReal Estate Construction Development AgriculturalInstallment & Student Loans UnallocatedTotal
Beginning balance$1,764
 $1,174
 $2,887
 $1,589
 $814
 $777
 $9,005
Beginning balance
Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses(271) (91) 112
 81
 (69) 245
 7
Provision (recapture of provision) for credit lossesProvision (recapture of provision) for credit losses100 531 (617)441 249 122 826 


 

 

 

 

 

  
Charge-offs(1) 
 
 
 
 
 (1)Charge-offs(188)(188)
Recoveries11
 59
 
 
 77
 
 147
Recoveries13 
Net charge-offs10
 59
 
 
 77
 
 146
Net charge-offs(184)(175)
             
Ending balance$1,503
 $1,142
 $2,999
 $1,670
 $822
 $1,022
 $9,158
Ending balance$632 $1,087 $3,213 $1,106 $2,789 $373 $9,200 
Period-end amount allocated to: 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Period-end amount allocated to:       
Loans individually evaluated for impairment571
 427
 
 743
 
 
 1,741
Loans individually evaluated for impairment12 161 173 
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment932
 715
 2,999
 927
 822
 1,022
 7,417
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment632 1,075 3,213 945 2,789 373 9,027 
Ending balance$1,503
 $1,142
 $2,999
 $1,670
 $822
 $1,022
 $9,158
Ending balance$632 $1,087 $3,213 $1,106 $2,789 $373 $9,200 



Three Months EndedCommercial and Industrial Real Estate Mortgage Real Estate Construction Development  Agricultural Installment & Other  Unallocated TotalThree Months EndedCommercial and IndustrialReal Estate MortgageReal Estate Construction Development AgriculturalInstallment & Student Loans UnallocatedTotal
September 30, 2016 
June 30, 2020June 30, 2020Commercial and IndustrialReal Estate MortgageReal Estate Construction Development AgriculturalInstallment & Student Loans UnallocatedTotal
Beginning balance$1,685
 $1,665
 $3,455
 $554
 $1,219
 $331
 $8,909
Beginning balance
Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses(15) (131) 271
 74
 (438) 243
 4
Provision (recapture of provision) for credit lossesProvision (recapture of provision) for credit losses(166)(103)363 (32)577 (211)428 


 

 

 

 

 

  
Charge-offs(4) (7) 
 
 
 (4) (15)Charge-offs(252)(448)(700)
Recoveries13
 6
 
 
 1
 
 20
Recoveries14 
Net charge-offs9
 (1) 0
 0
 1
 (4) 5
Net charge-offs(252)(447)(686)
             
Ending balance$1,679
 $1,533
 $3,726
 $628
 $782
 $570
 $8,918
Ending balance$756 $812 $3,572 $836 $2,746 $140 $8,862 
Period-end amount allocated to: 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Period-end amount allocated to:       
Loans individually evaluated for impairment735
 635
 
 
 
 
 1,370
Loans individually evaluated for impairment206 243 449 
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment944
 898
 3,726
 628
 782
 570
 7,548
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment756 606 3,572 593 2,746 140 8,413 
Ending balance$1,679
 $1,533
 $3,726
 $628
 $782
 $570
 $8,918
Ending balance$756 $812 $3,572 $836 $2,746 $140 $8,862 


The following summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit losses by loan category for the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 20172021 and 20162020 (in 000's).
26

Table of Content
Nine Months EndedCommercial and Industrial Real Estate Mortgage Real Estate Construction Development  Agricultural Installment & Other  Unallocated Total
September 30, 2017 
Six Months EndedSix Months EndedCommercial and IndustrialReal Estate MortgageReal Estate Construction Development AgriculturalInstallment and Student Loans UnallocatedTotal
June 30, 2021June 30, 2021
Beginning balance$1,843
 $1,430
 $3,378
 $666
 $888
 $697
 $8,902
Beginning balance$625 $575 $3,722 $711 $2,614 $275 $8,522 
Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses(408) (359) (379) 983
 (198) 337
 (24)
Provision (recapture of provision) for credit lossesProvision (recapture of provision) for credit losses(32)501 (509)395 748 98 1,201 
             
Charge-offs(106) (2) 
 
 
 (12) (120)Charge-offs(580)(580)
Recoveries174
 73
 
 21
 132
 
 400
Recoveries39 11 57 
Net recoveries68
 71
 
 21
 132
 (12) 280
Net recoveries (charge-offs)Net recoveries (charge-offs)39 11 (573)(523)
             
Ending balance$1,503
 $1,142
 $2,999
 $1,670
 $822
 $1,022
 $9,158
Ending balance$632 $1,087 $3,213 $1,106 $2,789 $373 $9,200 
Period-end amount allocated to: 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Period-end amount allocated to:       
Loans individually evaluated for impairment571
 427
 
 743
 
 
 1,741
Loans individually evaluated for impairment12 161 173 
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment932
 715
 2,999
 927
 822
 1,022
 7,417
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment632 1,075 3,213 945 2,789 373 9,027 
Ending balance$1,503
 $1,142
 $2,999
 $1,670
 $822
 $1,022
 $9,158
Ending balance$632 $1,087 $3,213 $1,106 $2,789 $373 $9,200 



Six Months EndedCommercial and IndustrialReal Estate MortgageReal Estate Construction Development AgriculturalInstallment and Student Loans UnallocatedTotal
June 30, 2020
Beginning balance$1,322 $712 $2,808 $761 $2,132 $173 $7,908 
Provision (recapture of provision) for credit losses(579)91 1,016 75 1,564 (33)2,134 
Charge-offs(252)(956)(1,208)
Recoveries13 28 
Net (charge-offs) recoveries13 (252)(950)(1,180)
Ending balance$756 $812 $3,572 $836 $2,746 $140 $8,862 
Period-end amount allocated to:       
Loans individually evaluated for impairment206 243 449 
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment756 606 3,572 593 2,746 140 8,413 
Ending balance$756 $812 $3,572 $836 $2,746 $140 $8,862 

27

Table of Content
Nine Months EndedCommercial and Industrial Real Estate Mortgage Real Estate Construction Development  Agricultural Installment & Other  Unallocated Total
September 30, 2016      
Beginning balance$1,652
 $1,449
 $4,629
 $655
 $1,258
 $70
 $9,713
Provision (recovery of provision) for credit losses822
 93
 (933) (27) (482) 520
 (7)
              
Charge-offs(846) (29) 
 
 
 (20) (895)
Recoveries51
 20
 30
 
 6
 
 107
Net charge-offs(795) (9) 30
 
 6
 (20) (788)
              
Ending balance$1,679
 $1,533
 $3,726
 $628
 $782
 $570
 $8,918
Period-end amount allocated to: 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Loans individually evaluated for impairment735
 635
 
 

 
 
 1,370
Loans collectively evaluated for impairment944
 898
 3,726
 628
 782
 570
 7,548
Ending balance$1,679
 $1,533
 $3,726
 $628
 $782
 $570
 $8,918


The following summarizes information with respect to the loan balances at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016.2020.
 June 30, 2021June 30, 2020
Loans
Individually
Evaluated for Impairment
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated for Impairment
Total LoansLoans
Individually
Evaluated for Impairment
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated for Impairment
Total Loans
(in 000's)
Commercial and business loans$$43,676 $43,676 $318 $41,207 $41,525 
Government program loans155 12,253 12,408 241 26,464 26,705 
Total commercial and industrial155 55,929 56,084 559 67,671 68,230 
Commercial real estate loans333,288 333,288 2,048 262,444 264,492 
Residential mortgage loans360 176,141 176,501 1,041 48,785 49,826 
Home improvement and home equity loans96 96 120 120 
Total real estate mortgage360 509,525 509,885 3,089 311,349 314,438 
Real estate construction and development loans10,940 154,486 165,426 11,109 142,546 153,655 
Agricultural loans379 53,139 53,518 696 48,283 48,979 
Installment and student loans56,190 56,190 64,352 64,352 
Total loans$11,834 $829,269 $841,103 $15,453 $634,201 $649,654 
4.Student Loans

Included in the installment and student loans segment of the loan portfolio are $52,660,000 and $57,385,000 in student loans at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, made to medical and pharmacy school students. Upon graduation the loan is automatically placed on deferment for 6 months. This may be extended up to 48 months for graduates enrolling in Internship, Medical Residency or Fellowship programs. As approved, the student may receive additional deferment for hardship or administrative reasons in the form of forbearance for a maximum of 24 months throughout the life of the loan. Accrued interest on loans that had not entered repayment status totaled $2,236,000 at June 30, 2021 and $3,201,000 at December 31, 2020. At June 30, 2021 there were 896 loans within repayment, deferment, and forbearance which represented $21,670,000, $5,893,000, and $12,706,000, respectively. At December 31, 2020, there were 944 loans within repayment, deferment, and forbearance which represented $28,906,000, $7,407,000 and $7,179,000, respectively. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the reserve against the student loan portfolio was $2,709,000 and $2,546,000, respectively. There were 0 TDRs within the portfolio as of June 30, 2021 or December 31, 2020. At June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, student loans totaling $156,000 and $513,000 were included in the substandard category, respectively.

ZuntaFi is the third-party servicer for the student loan portfolio. ZuntaFi's services include application administration, processing, approval, documenting, funding, and collection. They also provide borrower file custodial responsibilities. Except in cases where applicants/loans do not meet program requirements, or extreme delinquency, ZuntaFi is responsible for complete program management. ZuntaFi is paid a monthly servicing fee based on the outstanding principal balance.

28

Table of Content
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016
 
Loans
Individually
Evaluated for Impairment
 
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated for Impairment
 Total Loans 
Loans
Individually
Evaluated for Impairment
 
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated for Impairment
 Total Loans
(in 000's)     
Commercial and Business Loans$3,604
 $42,333
 $45,937
 $5,101
 $52,404
 $57,505
Government Program Loans83
 931
 1,014
 365
 1,612
 1,977
Total Commercial and Industrial3,687
 43,264
 46,951
 5,466
 54,016
 59,482
            
Commercial Real Estate Loans1,151
 198,517
 199,668
 1,511
 179,983
 181,494
Residential Mortgage Loans2,793
 87,491
 90,284
 2,961
 98,339
 101,300
Home Improvement and Home Equity Loans
 510
 510
 
 760
 760
Total Real Estate Mortgage3,944
 286,518
 290,462
 4,472
 279,082
 283,554
            
Real Estate Construction and Development Loans6,816
 122,067
 128,883
 12,131
 126,043
 138,174
            
Agricultural Loans891
 57,614
 58,505
 6
 46,757
 46,763
            
Installment and Other Loans
 57,583
 57,583
 965
 28,271
 29,236
            
Total Loans$15,338
 $567,046
 $582,384
 $23,040
 $534,169
 $557,209
The following tables summarize the credit quality indicators for outstanding student loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in 000's, except for number of borrowers):

 June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 Number of LoansAmountAccrued InterestNumber of LoansAmountAccrued Interest
School225$7,844 $2,236 319 $12,905 $3,201 
Grace91 4,547 1,220 34 988 719 
Repayment475 21,670 544 623 28,906 292 
Deferment139 5,893 600 187 7,407 209 
Forbearance282 12,706 830 134 7,179 553 
Total1,212 $52,660 $5,430 1,297 $57,385 $4,974 


4.Deposits

School - The time in which the borrower is still actively in school at least half time. No payments are expected during this stage, though the borrower may begin immediate payments.

Grace - A six month period of time granted to the borrower immediately upon graduation, or if deemed no longer an active student. Interest continues to accrue. Upon completion of the six month grace period the loan is transferred to repayment status. Additionally, if applicable, this status may represent a borrower activated to military duty while in their in-school period, they will be allowed to return to that status once their active duty has expired. The borrower must return to an at least half time status within six months of the active duty end date in order to return to an in-school status.

Repayment - The time in which the borrower is no longer actively in school at least half time, and has not received an approved grace, deferment, or forbearance. Regular payment is expected from these borrowers under an allotted payment plan.

Deferment - May be granted up to 48 months for borrowers who have begun the repayment period on their loans but are (1) actively enrolled in an eligible school at least half time, or (2) are actively enrolled in an approved and verifiable medical residency, internship, or fellowship program.

Forbearance - The period of time during which the borrower may postpone making principal and interest payments, which may be granted for either hardship or administrative reasons. Interest will continue to accrue on loans during periods of authorized forbearance. If the borrower is delinquent at the time the forbearance is granted, the delinquency will be covered by the forbearance and all accrued and unpaid interest from the date of delinquency or if none, from the date of beginning of the forbearance period, will be capitalized at the end of each forbearance period. The term of the loan will not change and payments may be increased to allow the loan to pay off in the required time frame. A forbearance that results in only an insignificant delay in payment, is not considered a concessionary change in terms, provided the borrower affirms the obligation. Forbearance is not an uncommon status designation, this designation is standard industry practice, and is consistent with the succession of students migrating to employed medical professionals. However additional risk is associated with this designation.

Student Loan Aging

Student loans are generally charged off at the end of the month during which an account becomes 120 days contractually past due. Accrued but unpaid interest related to charged off student loans is reversed and charged against interest income. For the
three and six months ended June 30, 2021, $16,000 and $44,000 in accrued interest receivable was reversed, due to charge-offs
of $188,000 and $568,000, respectively, within the student loan portfolio. For three and six months ended June 30, 2020, $21,000 and $50,000 in accrued interest receivable was reversed, due to charge-offs of $446,000 and $947,000, respectively, within the student loan portfolio.


29

Table of Content
The following tables summarize the student loan aging for loans in repayment and forbearance as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in 000's, except for number of borrowers):
 June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 Number of BorrowersAmountNumber of BorrowersAmount
Current or less than 31 days304 $33,016 304 $34,188 
31 - 60 days1,019 510 
61 - 90 days86 10 875 
91 - 120 days156 513 
Total314 $34,277 323 $36,086 
5.Deposits

Deposits include the following:
(in 000's)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016(in 000's)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Noninterest-bearing deposits$315,877
 $262,697
Noninterest-bearing deposits$442,140 $391,897 
Interest-bearing deposits: 
  
Interest-bearing deposits: 
NOW and money market accounts262,037
 235,873
NOW and money market accounts479,400 402,566 
Savings accounts81,378
 75,068
Savings accounts105,801 96,669 
Time deposits: 
  
Time deposits: 
Under $250,00053,702
 87,419
Under $250,00041,075 40,302 
$250,000 and over12,304
 15,572
$250,000 and over22,026 21,217 
Total interest-bearing deposits409,421
 413,932
Total interest-bearing deposits648,302 560,754 
Total deposits$725,298
 $676,629
Total deposits$1,090,442 $952,651 
   
Total brokered deposits included in time deposits above$9,755
 $28,132
 
5.Short-term Borrowings/Other Borrowings

6.Short-term Borrowings/Other Borrowings

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company had collateralized lines of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco totaling $283,948,000,$334,648,000, as well as Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) lines of credit totaling $14,400,000.$4,055,000. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company had an uncollateralized line of credit with Pacific Coast Bankers Bank ("PCBB")(PCBB) totaling $10,000,000,$50,000,000, a Fed Funds line of $10,000,000 with Union Bank, and a Fed Funds line of $20,000,000 with Zions First National Bank. All lines of credit are on an “as available” basis and can be revoked by the grantor at any time. These lines of credit have interest rates that are generally tied to the Federal Funds rate or are indexed to short-term U.S. Treasury rates or LIBOR. FHLB advances are collateralized by the Company’s stock in the FHLB, investment securities, and certain qualifying mortgage loans.

As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017, $15,327,0002021, $4,359,000 in investment securities at FHLB were pledged as collateral for FHLB advances. Additionally, $410,463,000$530,442,000 in secured and unsecured loans were pledged at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as collateral for borrowing lines with the Federal Reserve Bank totaling $283,948,000.Bank. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company had no0 outstanding borrowings.
 
At December 31, 2016,2020, the Company had collateralized lines of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco totaling $323,162,000,$336,788,000, as well as Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) lines of credit totaling $2,037,000.$4,881,000. At December 31, 2016,2020, the Company had an uncollateralized line of credit with Pacific Coast Bankers Bank ("PCBB") and Union Bank totaling $10,000,000 andeach, with a Fed Funds line of $20,000,000 withat Zions First National Bank. All lines of credit are on an “as available” basis and can be revoked by the grantor at any time. These lines of credit generally have interest rates tied to the Federal Funds rate or are indexed to short-term U.S. Treasury rates or LIBOR. FHLB advances are collateralized by the Company’s stock in the FHLB, investment securities, and certain qualifying mortgage loans.

As of December 31, 2016, $2,152,0002020, $5,294,000 in investment securities at FHLB were pledged as collateral for FHLB advances. Additionally, $471,737,000$517,516,000 in secured and unsecured loans were pledged at December 31, 2016,2020, as collateral for used and unused borrowing lines with the Federal Reserve Bank totaling $323,162,000.Bank. At December 31, 2016,2020, the Company had no0 outstanding borrowings.

30
All lines

Table of credit are on an “as available” basisContent
7.Leases

The Company leases land and can be revokedpremises for its branch banking offices, administration facilities, and ATMs. The initial terms of these leases expire at various dates through 2032. Under the provisions of most of these leases, the Company has the option to extend the leases beyond their original terms at rental rates adjusted for changes reported in certain economic indices or as reflected by market conditions. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the grantor at any time.lease when it is reasonably certain the Company will exercise that option. As of June 30, 2021, the Company had 12 operating leases and 0 financing leases.



The components of lease expense were as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in 000's)June 30, 2021June 30, 2020June 30, 2021June 30, 2020
Operating lease expense$168 $190 $336 $380 
Variable lease expense77 46 157 117 
Total$245 $236 $493 $497 
Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:
(in 000's)June 30, 2021
6.Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
 Nine months ended September 30,
(in 000's)2017 2016
Cash paid during the period for:   
Interest$1,313
 $1,003
Income taxes$5,700
 $1,110
Noncash investing activities: 
  
OREO financed$
 $3,766
Unrealized gain on securities$355
 $118
Stock dividends issued$1,220
 $1,673
Cash dividend declared$1,182
 $

7.Dividends on Common Stock
Operating cash flows from operating leases$332 
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities
Weighted-average remaining lease term in years for operating leases5.47
Weighted-average discount rate for operating leases5.15 %

On March 28, 2017, the Company’s BoardMaturities of Directors declared a one-percent (1%) stock dividendlease liabilities were as follows:
(in 000's)June 30, 2021
2021$672 
2022679 
2023636 
2024418 
2025199 
Thereafter506 
Total undiscounted cash flows3,110 
Less: present value discount(403)
Present value of net future minimum lease payments$2,707 

8.Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
 Six months ended June 30,
(in 000's)20212020
Cash paid during the period for:  
Interest$990 $1,314 
Income taxes2,060 
Noncash investing activities:  
Unrealized gain on unrecognized post retirement costs50 40 
Unrealized (loss) gain on available for sale securities(247)827 
Unrealized gain (loss) on junior subordinated debentures325 (453)
Cash dividend declared1,871 1,868 
31

9.Dividends on the Company’s outstanding common stock. Based upon the number of outstanding common shares on the record date of April 7, 2017, 167,082 additional shares were issued to shareholders on April 17, 2017. Because the stock dividend was considered a “small stock dividend,” approximately $1,219,759 was transferred from retained earnings to common stock based upon the $7.38 closing price of the Company’s common stock on the declaration date of March 28, 2017. There were no fractional shares paid. Except for earnings-per-share calculations, shares issued for the stock dividend have been treated prospectively for financial reporting purposes. For purposes of earnings per share calculations, the Company’s weighted average shares outstanding and potentially dilutive shares used in the computation of earnings per share have been restated after giving retroactive effect to a 1% stock dividend to shareholders for all periods presented.Common Stock


On April 25, 2017,June 22, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05$0.11 per share on the Company's common stock. The dividend was payable on May 17, 2017,July 16, 2021, to shareholders of record as of May 8, 2017.July 6, 2021. Approximately $846,000$1,871,000 was transferedtransferred from retained earnings to cashdividends payable to allow for distribution of the dividend to shareholders. The

On March 26, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors also authorizeddeclared a cash dividend of $0.11 per share on the Company's common stock. The dividend was payable on April 16, 2021, to shareholders of record as of April 6, 2021. Approximately $1,876,000 was transferred from retained earnings to dividends payable to allow for distribution of the dividend to shareholders.

The Company has a program to repurchase of up to $3 million of theits outstanding common stock of the Company.stock. The timing of the purchases will depend on certain factors, including but not limited to, market conditions and prices, available funds, and alternative uses of capital. The stock repurchase program may be carried out through open-market purchases, block trades, or negotiated private transactions. At this time, no shares have been repurchased.


On June 27, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05
10.Net Income per share on the Company's common stock. The dividend was payable on July 21, 2017, to shareholders of record as of July 7, 2017. Approximately $844,000 were transfered from retained earnings to cash to allow for distribution of the dividend to shareholders.Common Share

On September 26, 2017, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per share on the Company's common stock. The dividend is payable on October 19, 2017, to shareholders of record as of October 10, 2017. Approximately $1,182,000 were transfered from retained earnings to other liabilities to allow for distribution of the dividend to shareholders.


8.Net Income per Common Share


The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerator and the denominator of the basic EPS computation with the numerator and the denominator of the diluted EPS computation:

 Three months ended June 30,Six months ended June 30,
2021202020212020
Net income (000's, except per share amounts)$2,705 $2,012 $4,115 $4,768 
Weighted average shares issued17,010,288 16,975,588 17,010,210 16,974,845 
Add: dilutive effect of stock options22,590 13,190 17,267 17,378 
Weighted average shares outstanding adjusted for potential dilution17,032,878 16,988,778 17,027,477 16,992,223 
Basic earnings per share$0.16 $0.12 $0.24 $0.28 
Diluted earnings per share$0.16 $0.12 $0.24 $0.28 
Anti-dilutive stock options excluded from earnings per share calculation71,000 101,000 101,000 101,000 

11.Taxes on Income
 Three months ended September 30, Nine months ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Net income (000's, except per share amounts)$2,740
 $2,040
 $7,004
 $5,830
        
Weighted average shares issued16,885,615
 16,881,422
 16,885,578
 16,880,835
Add: dilutive effect of stock options21,652
 9,644
 18,485
 6,243
Weighted average shares outstanding adjusted for potential dilution16,907,267
 16,891,066
 16,904,063
 16,887,078
        
Basic earnings per share$0.16
 $0.12
 $0.41
 $0.35
Diluted earnings per share$0.16
 $0.12
 $0.41
 $0.35
Anti-dilutive stock options excluded from earnings per share calculation30,000
 21,000
 30,000
 21,000
Prior year anti-dilutive stock options excluded from earnings per share calculation have been restated to reflect the impact of stock dividends.
9.Taxes on Income
 
The Company periodically reviews its tax positions under the accounting standards related to uncertainty in income taxes, which defines the criteria that an individual tax position would have to meet for some or all of the income tax benefit to be recognized in a taxable entity’s financial statements. Under the guidelines, an entity should recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position if it determines that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination. The term “more likely than not” means a likelihood of more than 50 percent. In assessing whether the more-likely-than-not criterion is met, the entity should assume that the tax position will be reviewed by the applicable taxing authority and all available information is known to the taxing authority.


The Company periodically evaluates its deferred tax assets to determine whether a valuation allowance is required based upon a determination that some or all of the deferred assets may not be ultimately realized. At SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, the Company had no0 recorded valuation allowance.
The Company and its subsidiary file income tax returns in the U.S federal jurisdiction, and several states within the U.S. There areis no filings in foreign jurisdictions. During 2014, the Company began the processlonger subject to amend its California state tax returnsIRS examination for the years 2009 through 2012 to file a combined report on a unitary basis with the Company and USB Investment Trust. The amended returns for 2009, 2010, and 2011 were filed in 2014, 2015, and 2016 respectively. The amended return for 2012 was filed during 2016. During the third quarter of 2016, the IRS notified the Company it would be conducting an examination of the Company's 2014 federal return. As of September 30, 2017, the Company is unaware of any change in tax positions as a result of the IRS examination.before 2015.


The Company's policy is to recognize any interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. Interest and penalties recognized or uncertain tax positions during the periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 20162020 were insignificant.


The Company reported a provision for income taxes of $1,613,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the $1,906,000 provision reported in the comparable period of 2020. The effective tax rate was 28.16% for the six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to 28.56% for the comparable period of 2020.

32

Table of Content
10.Junior Subordinated Debt/Trust Preferred Securities
12.Junior Subordinated Debt/Trust Preferred Securities
 
Effective September 30, 2009 and beginning with the quarterly interest payment due October 1, 2009, the Company elected to defer interest payments on the Company's $15.0 million of junior subordinated debentures relating to its trust preferred securities. The terms of the debentures and trust indentures allow for the Company to defer interest payments for up to 20 consecutive quarters without default or penalty. During the period that the interest deferrals were elected, the Company continued to record interest expense associated with the debentures. As of June 30, 2014, the Company ended the extension period, paid all accrued and unpaid interest, and is currently making quarterly interest payments. The Company may redeem the junior subordinated debentures at any time at par.

During August 2015, the Bank purchased $3.0 million of the Company's junior subordinated debentures related to the Company's trust preferred securities at a fair value discount of 40%. Subsequently, in September 2015, the Company purchased those shares from the Bank and canceled $3.0 million in par value of the junior subordinated debentures, realizing a $78,000 gain on redemption. The contractual principal balance of the Company's debentures relating to its trust preferred securities is $12.0 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. The Company may redeem the junior subordinated debentures at any time at par.


The fair value guidance generally permits the measurement of selected eligible financial instruments at fair value at specified election dates. Effective January 1, 2008, the Company elected the fair value optionaccounts for its junior subordinated debt issued under USB Capital Trust II.II at fair value. The Company believes the election of fair value accounting for the junior subordinated debentures better reflects the true economic value of the debt instrument on the balance sheet. TheAs of June 30, 2021, the rate paid on the junior subordinated debt issued under USB Capital Trust II is 3-month LIBOR plus 129 basis points, and is adjusted quarterly.
 
At SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, the Company performed a fair value measurement analysis on its junior subordinated debt using a cash flow model approach to determine the present value of those cash flows. The cash flow model utilizes the forward 3-month LIBOR curve to estimate future quarterly interest payments due over the thirty-year life of the debt instrument. These cash flows were discounted at a rate which incorporates a current market rate for similar-term debt instruments, adjusted for additional credit and liquidity risks associated with the junior subordinated debt. We believe the 5.89%The 3.84% discount rate used represents what a market participant would consider under the circumstances based on current market assumptions. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the total cumulative gain recorded on the debt is $3,008,000.$1,256,000.

The net fair value calculation performed at Septemberas of June 30, 20172021 resulted in a net pretax loss adjustment of $688,000 ($405,000,$331,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2021 compared to a net pretax gain adjustment of $1,015,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the net $331,000 fair value loss adjustment was separately presented as a $656,000 loss ($462,000, net of tax) for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017, compared to a pretax gain adjustment of $48,000 ($28,000, net of tax) for the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016. Fair value gains and losses are reflected as a component of noninterest incomerecognized on the consolidated statements of income.

The fair value calculation performed at September 30, 2017 resulted inincome, and a pretax loss adjustment of $88,000$325,000 gain ($52,000,229,000, net of tax) forassociated with the threeinstrument-specific credit risk recognized in other comprehensive income. For the six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, compared to a pretax2020, the net $1,015,000 fair value gain adjustment of $423,000was separately presented as a $1,469,000 gain ($249,000,1,035,000, net of tax) for the three months ended September 30, 2016. Fair value gains and losses are reflected as a component of noninterest incomerecognized on the consolidated statements of income, and a $453,000 loss ($319,000, net of tax) associated with the instrument-specific credit risk recognized in other comprehensive income. The Company calculated the change in the discounted cash flows based on updated market credit spreads for the periods ended.


The net fair value calculation performed as of June 30, 2021 resulted in a net pretax loss adjustment of $270,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 compared to a net pretax loss adjustment of $1,238,000 for the quarter ended June 30, 2020.
11.Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure

For the quarter ended June 30, 2021, the net $270,000 fair value loss adjustment was separately presented as a $377,000 gain ($265,000, net of tax) recognized on the consolidated statements of income, and a $647,000 loss ($456,000, net of tax) associated with the instrument-specific credit risk recognized in other comprehensive income. For the quarter ended June 30, 2020, the net $1,238,000 fair value loss adjustment was separately presented as a $30,000 loss ($21,000, net of tax) recognized on the consolidated statements of income, and a $1,208,000 loss ($851,000, net of tax) associated with the instrument-specific credit risk recognized in other comprehensive income. The Company calculated the change in the discounted cash flows based on updated market credit spreads for the periods ended.

13.Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure
 
The following summary disclosures are made in accordance with the guidance provided by ASC Topic 825, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107, Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments), which requires the disclosure of fair value information about both on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments where it is practicable to estimate that value.
 
Generally accepted accounting guidance clarifies the definition of fair value, describes methods used to appropriately measure fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and expands fair value disclosure requirements. This guidance applies whenever other accounting pronouncements require or permit fair value measurements.


The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels (Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3). Level 1 inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (as defined) for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (including assumptions about risk).
 
The table below is a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments and the level of the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurements are categorized at the periods indicated:

33

Table of Content
June 30, 2021June 30, 2021
(in 000's)(in 000's)Carrying AmountEstimated Fair ValueQuoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2Significant Unobservable Inputs Level 3
Financial Assets:Financial Assets:     
September 30, 2017
(in 000's)Carrying Amount Estimated Fair Value Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1 Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2 Significant Unobservable Inputs Level 3
Financial Assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$159,892
 $159,892
 $159,892
 $
 $
Interest-bearing deposits654
 654
 
 654
 
Investment securities48,356
 48,356
 3,783
 44,573
 
Investment securities147,340 147,340 3,791 143,549 
Loans574,443
 569,970
 
 
 569,970
Loans832,849 829,802 829,802 
Accrued interest receivable5,846
 5,846
 
 5,846
 
Accrued interest receivable8,600 8,600 8,600 
Financial Liabilities: 
  
  
  
  
Financial Liabilities:     
Deposits: 
  
  
  
  
Deposits:     
Noninterest-bearing315,877
 315,877
 315,877
 
 
Noninterest-bearing442,140 442,567 442,567 
NOW and money market262,037
 262,037
 262,037
 
 
NOW and money market479,400 479,400 479,400 
Savings81,378
 81,378
 81,378
 
 
Savings105,801 105,801 105,801 
Time deposits66,006
 65,658
 
 
 65,658
Time deposits63,101 63,232 63,232 
Total deposits725,298
 724,950
 659,292
  
 65,658
Total deposits1,090,442 1,091,000 1,027,768 63,232 
Junior subordinated debt9,534
 9,534
 
 
 9,534
Junior subordinated debt11,253 11,253 11,253 
Accrued interest payable41
 41
 
 41
 
December 31, 2020December 31, 2020
(in 000's)(in 000's)Carrying AmountEstimated Fair ValueQuoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2Significant Unobservable Inputs Level 3
Financial Assets:Financial Assets:     
December 31, 2016
(in 000's)Carrying Amount Estimated Fair Value Quoted Prices In Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1 Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2 Significant Unobservable Inputs Level 3
Financial Assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$113,032
 $113,032
 $113,032
 $
 $
Interest-bearing deposits650
 650
 
 650
 
Investment securities57,491
 57,491
 3,716
 53,775
 
Investment securities86,192 86,192 3,851 82,341 
Loans561,932
 557,914
 
 
 557,914
Loans645,825 636,470 636,470 
Accrued interest receivable3,895
 3,895
 
 3,895
 
Accrued interest receivable8,164 8,164 8,164 
Financial Liabilities: 
  
  
  
  
Financial Liabilities:     
Deposits: 
  
  
  
  
Deposits:     
Noninterest-bearing262,697
 262,697
 262,697
 
 
Noninterest-bearing391,897 430,210 430,210 
NOW and money market235,873
 235,873
 235,873
 
 
NOW and money market402,566 406,707 406,707 
Savings75,068
 75,068
 75,068
 
 
Savings96,669 94,467 94,467 
Time deposits102,991
 102,743
 
 
 102,743
Time deposits61,519 61,519 61,519 
Total deposits676,629
 676,381
 573,638
 
 102,743
Total deposits952,651 992,903 931,384 61,519 
Junior subordinated debt8,832
 8,832
 
 
 8,832
Junior subordinated debt10,924 10,924 10,924 
Accrued interest payable76
 76
 
 76
 
 
The Company performs fair value measurements on certain assets and liabilities as the result of the application of current accounting guidelines. Some fair value measurements, such as available-for-saleinvestment securities (AFS) and junior subordinated debt are performed on a recurring basis, while others, such as impairment of loans, other real estate owned, goodwill and other intangibles, are performed on a nonrecurring basis.


The Company’s Level 1 financial assets consist of money market funds and highly liquid mutual funds for which fair values are based on quoted market prices. The Company’s Level 2 financial assets include highly liquid debt instruments of U.S. government agencies, collateralized mortgage obligations, and debt obligations of states and political subdivisions, whose fair

values are obtained from readily-available pricing sources for the identical or similar underlying security that may, or may not, be actively traded. The Company’s Level 3 financial assets include certain instruments where the assumptions may be made by us or third parties about assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. From time to time, the Company recognizes transfers between Level 1, 2, and 3 when a change in circumstances warrants a transfer. There were no transfers in or out of Level 1 and Level 2between fair value measurements during the three or nine month periodssix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.


The following methods and assumptions were used in estimating the fair values of financial instruments:
Cash and Cash Equivalents - The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents approximate their estimated fair values.
Interest-bearing Deposits – Interest bearing deposits in other banks consist of fixed-rate certificates of deposits. Accordingly,instruments measured at fair value has been estimated based upon interest rates currently being offered on deposits with similar characteristicsa recurring and maturities.non-recurring basis:
34

Table of Content

Investment Securities – Available for sale and marketable equity securities are valued based upon open-market price quotes obtained from reputable third-party brokers that actively make a market in those securities. Market pricing is based upon specific CUSIP identification for each individual security. To the extent there are observable prices in the market, the mid-point of the bid/ask price is used to determine fair value of individual securities. If that data is not available for the last 30 days, a Level 2-type matrix pricing approach based on comparable securities in the market is utilized. Level 2 pricing may include using a forward spread from the last observable trade or may use a proxy bond like a TBA mortgage to come up with a price for the security being valued. Changes in fair market value are recorded through other comprehensive loss as the securities are available for sale.

Loans - Fair values of variable rate loans, which reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, are based on carrying values adjusted for credit risk.  Fair values for all other loans, except impaired loans, are estimated using discounted cash flows over their remaining maturities, using interest rates at which similar loans would currently be offered to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same remaining maturities. The allowance for loan loss is considered to be a reasonable estimate of loan discount for credit quality concerns.
 
Impaired Loans - Fair value measurements for collateral dependent impaired loans are performed pursuant to authoritative accounting guidance and are based upon either collateral values supported by third party appraisals and observed market prices. Collateral dependent loans are measured for impairment using the fair value of the collateral. Changes are recorded directly as an adjustment to current earnings.


Other Real Estate Owned - Nonrecurring adjustments to certain commercial and residential real estate properties classified as other real estate owned (OREO) are measured at the lower of carrying amount or fair value, less costs to sell.  Fair values are generally based on third party appraisals of the property, resulting in a Level 3 classification.  In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less costs to sell, an impairment loss is recognized.


Deposits – Fair values for transaction and savings accounts are equal to the respective amounts payable on demand (i.e., carrying amounts). Fair values of fixed-maturity certificates of deposit were estimated using the rates currently offered for deposits with similar remaining maturities.

Junior Subordinated Debt – The fair value of the junior subordinated debt was determined based upon a discounted cash flows model utilizing observable market rates and credit characteristics for similar debt instruments. In its analysis, the Company used characteristics that market participants generally use, and considered factors specific to (a) the liability, (b) the principal (or most advantageous) market for the liability, and (c) market participants with whom the reporting entity would transact in that market. Cash flows are discounted at a rate which incorporates a current market rate for similar-term debt instruments, adjusted for credit and liquidity risks associated with similar junior subordinated debt and circumstances unique to the Company. The Company believes that the subjective nature of thesesthese inputs, due primarily toand credit concerns in the current economic environment,capital markets and inactivity in the trust preferred markets that have limited the observability of the market spreads, require the junior subordinated debt to be classified as a Level 3 fair value.
 
Accrued Interest ReceivableThe following tables summarize the Company’s assets and Payable- liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of June 30, 2021 (in 000’s):
Description of AssetsJune 30, 2021Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
AFS Securities (2):    
U.S. Government agencies$38,318 $$38,318 $
U.S. Government collateralized mortgage obligations69,878 69,878 
Asset-backed securities5,319 5,319 
Municipal bonds48,039 48,039 
Corporate bond5,422 5,422 
Total AFS securities166,976 166,976 
Marketable equity securities (2)3,791 3,791 
Total$170,767 $3,791 $166,976 $
35

Table of Content
Description of LiabilitiesJune 30, 2021Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Junior subordinated debt (2)$11,253 $11,253 
Total$11,253 $11,253 
(1)Nonrecurring
(2)Recurring

There were no non-recurring fair value adjustments at June 30, 2021.

The carryingfollowing tables summarize the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of these instruments is a reasonable estimate of fair value.December 31, 2020 (in 000’s):
Description of AssetsDecember 31, 2020Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
AFS Securities (2):    
U.S. Government agencies$33,710 $$33,710 $
U.S. Government collateralized mortgage obligations38,445 38,445 0
Asset-backed securities3,909 3,909 0
Municipal bonds1,058 1,058 0
Corporate bonds5,219 5,219 
Total AFS securities82,341 82,341 
Marketable equity securities (2)3,851 3,851 
Impaired Loans (1):    
RE construction & development3,364 3,364 
Total impaired loans3,364 3,364 
Other real estate owned (1)5,004 5,004 
Total$94,560 $3,851 $82,341 $8,368 
Description of LiabilitiesDecember 31, 2020Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Junior subordinated debt (2)$10,924 $$$10,924 
Total$10,924 $$$10,924 
 
Off-Balance Sheet Instruments - Off-balance sheet instruments consist of commitments to extend credit, standby letters of credit and derivative contracts. Fair values of commitments to extend credit are estimated using the interest rate currently charged to enter into similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present(1)Nonrecurring

(2)Recurring
counterparties’ credit standing. There was no material difference between the contractual amount and the estimated
The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value of commitments to extend creditmeasurements for the Company's assets measured at September 30, 2017 and fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 20162020 (in 000's).
36

Table of Content
Fair values of standby letters of credit are based on fees currently charged for similar agreements. The fair value of commitments generally approximates the fees received from the customer for issuing such commitments. These fees are not material to the Company’s consolidated balance sheets and results of operations.
December 31, 2020
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputAdjustment Percentage
Impaired Loans:
RE construction & development$3,364Fair Value of Collateral Method for Collateral Dependent LoansAdjustment for difference between appraised value and net realizable value7.02%
Other real estate owned$5,004Fair Value of Collateral Method for Collateral Dependent LoansAdjustment for difference between appraised value and net realizable value13.69%

The following table provides a description of the valuation technique, unobservable input, and qualitative information about the unobservable inputs for the Company’s assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 and measured at fair value on a recurring basis at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016:2020:
September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
June 30, 2021June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Financial InstrumentValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputWeighted Average Financial InstrumentValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputWeighted AverageFinancial InstrumentValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputWeighted AverageFinancial InstrumentValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputWeighted Average
Junior Subordinated DebtDiscounted cash flowDiscount Rate5.89% Junior Subordinated DebtDiscounted cash flowDiscount Rate6.46%Junior Subordinated DebtDiscounted cash flowMarket credit risk adjusted spreads3.84%Junior Subordinated DebtDiscounted cash flowMarket credit risk adjusted spreads3.57%
Management believes that the credit risk adjusted spread utilized in the fair value measurement of the junior subordinated debentures carried at fair value is indicative of the nonperformance risk premium a willing market participant would require under current market conditions, that is, the inactive market. Management attributes the change in fair value of the junior subordinated debentures during the period to market changes in the nonperformance expectations and pricing of this type of debt, and not as a result of changes to our entity-specific credit risk. The narrowing of the credit risk adjusted spread above the Company’s contractual spreads has primarily contributed to the negative fair value adjustments.debt. Generally, an increase in the credit risk adjusted spread and/or a decrease in the three month LIBOR swap curve will result in positive fair value adjustments (and decrease the fair value measurement).  Conversely, a decrease in the credit risk adjusted spread and/or an increase in the three month LIBOR swap curve will result in negative fair value adjustments (and increase the fair value measurement). The decrease in discount rate between the periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 20162020 is primarily due to decreases in rates for similar debt instruments.

The following tables summarize the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2017 (in 000’s):
Description of AssetsSeptember 30, 2017 
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant Other
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
AFS Securities (2):       
U.S. Government agencies$20,970
 $
 $20,970
 $
U.S. Government collateralized mortgage obligations23,603
 
 23,603
 
Mutual Funds3,783
 3,783
 
 
Total AFS securities$48,356
 $3,783
 $44,573
 $
        
Total$48,356
 $3,783
 $44,573
 $






Description of LiabilitiesSeptember 30, 2017 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Junior subordinated debt (2)$9,534
 
 
 $9,534
Total$9,534
 
 
 $9,534
(1)Nonrecurring
(2)Recurring

The following tables summarize the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis as of December 31, 2016 (in 000’s):

Description of AssetsDecember 31, 2016 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
AFS Securities (2):       
U.S. Government agencies$23,203
 $
 $23,203
 $
U.S. Government collateralized mortgage obligations30,572
 
 30,572
 
Mutual Funds3,716
 3,716
 
 
Total AFS securities57,491
 3,716
 53,775
 $
Impaired Loans (1): 
  
  
  
Commercial and industrial301
 
 
 301
Total impaired loans$301
 $
 $
 $301
        
Total$57,792
 $3,716
 $53,775
 $301
Description of LiabilitiesDecember 31, 2016 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Junior subordinated debt (2)$8,832
 $
 $
 $8,832
Total$8,832
 $
 $
 $8,832
(1)Nonrecurring
(2)Recurring

The Company did not record a write-down on other real estate owned during the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 or the year ended December 31, 2016.

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for the Company's assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at December 31, 2016 (in 000's). There were no assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2017.

December 31, 2016
Financial InstrumentFair ValueValuation TechniqueUnobservable InputRange, Weighted Average
Impaired Loans:    
Commercial and industrial$301
Sales Comparison ApproachAdjustment for difference between comparable sales7% - 29%, 19.1%

The following tables provide a reconciliation of assets and liabilities at fair value using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) on a recurring basis during the threequarters ended June 30, 2021 and nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 and 20162020 (in 000’s):
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2021Three Months Ended June 30, 2020Six Months Ended June 30, 2021Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Reconciliation of Liabilities:Junior
Subordinated
Debt
Junior
Subordinated
Debt
Junior
Subordinated
Debt
Junior
Subordinated
Debt
Beginning balance$10,983 $8,546 $10,924 $10,808 
Gross (gain) loss included in earnings(377)30 656 (1,469)
Gross loss (gain) related to changes in instrument specific credit risk647 1,208 (325)453 
Change in accrued interest(13)(2)(21)
Ending balance$11,253 $9,771 $11,253 $9,771 
The amount of total (gain) loss for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to liabilities still held at the reporting date$(377)$30 $656 $(1,469)
14.Goodwill and Intangible Assets

37

Table of Content
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
Reconciliation of Liabilities:
Junior
Subordinated
Debt
 Junior
Subordinated
Debt
 
Junior
Subordinated
Debt
 
Junior
Subordinated
Debt
Beginning balance$9,441
 $7,837
 $8,832
 $8,300
Total loss (gain) included in earnings88
 423
 688
 (48)
Other accrued interest5
 2
 14
 10
Ending balance$9,534
 $8,262
 $9,534
 $8,262
The amount of total loss (gains) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to liabilities still held at the reporting date$88
 $423
 $688
 $(48)

12.Goodwill and Intangible Assets

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company had goodwill in the amount of $4,488,000 in connection with various business combinations and purchases. This amount was unchanged from the balance of $4,488,000 at December 31, 2016.2020. While goodwill is not amortized, the Company does conduct periodic impairment analysis on goodwill at least annually or more often as conditions require. The Company performed its analysis of goodwill impairment and concluded goodwill was not impaired at Septemberas of December 31, 2020 with no material events occurring through the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2017.2021.


13.Subsequent Events
15.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income, included in shareholders’ equity, are as follows:
June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
(in 000's)Net unrealized gain (loss) on available for sale securities
Unfunded status of the supplemental retirement plans
Net unrealized (loss) gain on junior subordinated debentures
Net unrealized (loss) gain on available for sale securities
Unfunded status of the supplemental retirement plans
Net unrealized gain (loss) on junior subordinated debentures
Beginning balance$630 $(770)$(588)$(175)$(675)$218 
Current period comprehensive (loss) income(174)35 229 805 (95)(806)
Ending balance$456 $(735)$(359)$630 $(770)$(588)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss$(638)$(728)

16.Investment in York Monterey Properties

As of June 30, 2021, the Bank's investment in York Monterey Properties Inc. totaled $4,699,000. York Monterey Properties Inc. is included within the consolidated financial statements of the Company, with $4,582,000 of the total investment recognized within the balance of other real estate owned on the consolidated balance sheets.

17.Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
 
Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk: The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk which arise in the normal course of business. These instruments may contain elements of credit risk, interest rate risk and liquidity risk, and include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. The credit risk associated with these instruments is essentially the same as that involved in extending credit to customers and is represented by the contractual amount indicated in the table below:
 Contractual Amount
(In thousands)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commitments to extend credit$192,518 $216,799 
Standby letters of credit$465 $3,668 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Substantially all of these commitments are at floating interest rates based on the Prime rate, and most have fixed expiration dates. The Company evaluates each customer's creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis, and the amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary, is based on management's credit evaluation. Collateral held varies but includes accounts receivable, inventory, leases, property, plant and equipment, residential real estate, and income-producing properties. Many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon and, as a result, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements of the Company.

Standby letters of credit are generally unsecured and are issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. The Company’s letters of credit are short-term guarantees and generally have terms from less than one month to approximately 3 years. At June 30, 2021, the maximum potential amount of future undiscounted payments the Company could be required to make under outstanding standby letters of credit totaled $465,000.
38

Table of Content

In the ordinary course of business, the Company becomes involved in litigation arising out of its normal business activities. Management, after consultation with legal counsel, believes that the ultimate liability, if any, resulting from the disposition of such claims would not be material to the financial position of the Company.

18.Subsequent Events
Subsequent eventsare events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued. Recognized subsequent events are events or transactions that provide additional evidence about conditions that existed at the date of the balance sheet, including the estimates inherent in the process of preparing financial statements.  Nonrecognized subsequent events are events that provide evidence about conditions that did not exist at the date of the balance sheet but arose after that date.  Management has reviewed events occurring through the date the consolidated financial statements were issued and have identified no subsequent events requiring disclosure.

39



Table of Content
Item 2  - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations


Overview


Certain matters discussed or incorporated by reference in this Quarterly Report of Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following factors: i) the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including the effects of the steps being taken to address the pandemic and their impact on the Company’s market and employees; ii) Severe weather or natural disasters, such as wildfires, earthquakes, drought, or flood; iii) competitive pressures in the banking industry and changes in the regulatory environment; ii)iv) exposure to changes in the interest rate environment and the resulting impact on the Company’s interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities; iii)v) decline in the health of the economy nationally or regionally which could reduce the demand for loans or reduce the value of real estate collateral securing most of the Company’s loans; iv)vi) credit quality deterioration that could cause an increase in the provision for loan losses; v)vii) Asset/Liability matching risks and liquidity risks; viii) volatility and devaluation in the securities markets, vi) expected cost savings from recent acquisitions are not realized, vii)ix) potential impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets, and viii)x) technology implementation problems and information security breaches. Therefore, the information set forth therein should be carefully considered when evaluating the business prospects of the Company. For additional information concerning risks and uncertainties related to the Company and its operations, please refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2020.


United Security Bancshares (the “Company” or “Holding Company") is a California corporation incorporated during March of 2001 and is registered with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. United Security Bank (the “Bank”) is a wholly-owned bank subsidiary of the Company and was formed in 1987. References toYork Monterey Properties ("YMP") is a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company are references to United Security Bancshares (including the Bank).Bank and was formed in 2020. References to the Bank are to United Security Bank, while references to the Holding Company are to the parent only, United Security Bancshares. The Company currently has eleventwelve banking branches, which provide financial services in Fresno, Madera, Kern, and Santa Clara counties in the state of California.


Trends Affecting Results of Operations and Financial Position


The Company’s overall operations are impacted by a number of factors, including not only interest rates and margin spreads, which impact the results of operations, but also the composition of the Company’s balance sheet. One of the primary strategic goals of the Company is to maintain a mix of assets that will generate a reasonable rate of return without undue risk, and to finance those assets with a low-cost and stable source of funds. Liquidity and capital resources must also be considered in the planning process to mitigate risk and allow for growth.


Since the Bank primarily conducts banking operations in California’s Central Valley, its operations and cash flows are subject to changes in the economic condition of the Central Valley. Our businessBusiness results are dependent in large part upon the business activity, population, income levels, deposits and real estate activity in the Central Valley, and declines in economic conditions can have adverse material effects upon the Bank. In addition, the Central Valley remains largely dependent on agriculture. A downturn in agriculture and agricultural related business could indirectly and adversely affect the Company as many borrowers and customers are involved in, or are impacted to some extent, by the agricultural industry. While a great number of ourthe bank's borrowers are not directly involved in agriculture, they would likely be impacted by difficulties in the agricultural industry since many jobs in our market areas are ancillary to the regular production, processing, marketing and sale of agricultural commodities. While the prolonged drought has been alleviated during the past year due to significant amounts of precipitation, theThe state of California recently experiencedis experiencing a severe drought and water allocations have been significantly reduced for farmers in the worst drought in recorded history. It is not possibleCentral Valley. Due to quantifythese water issues the drought's impact on businesses and consumers located in the Company's market areas is not possible to quantify. In response the California state legislature passed the Sustainable Groundwater Management Act with the purpose to ensure better local and regional management of groundwater use and sustainable groundwater management in California by 2042. The local districts began to develop, prepare, and begin implementation of the Groundwater Sustainability Plans in 2020. The effect of such plans to Central Valley agriculture, if any, is still unknown.

COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the local economy in the Central Valley. Federal, State and local shelter-in-place recommendations were enacted in our markets in March 2020 causing many businesses to close and workers to be furloughed or lose jobs. Essential purpose entities such as medical professionals, food and agricultural businesses, and transportation and logistical businesses were exempted from the closures; however, unemployment rates have increased in our local market area. As of May 2021, the unemployment rate in Fresno County was 8.8%. Congress, the President, and the Federal Reserve have
40

Table of Content
taken several actions designed to predict adversecushion the economic fallout. Most notably, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law at the end of March 2020 as a $2 trillion legislative package, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 was signed into law at the end of December 2020 as a $900 billion legislative package, and the American Rescue Plan was signed into law in March 2021 providing an additional $1.9 trillion of relief. In February 2021, the California Legislature passed a $7.6 billion stimulus package to provide relief to Californians and business impacted by the pandemic. The goal of the CARES Act, Consolidated Appropriations Act, and American Rescue Plan, were to prevent a severe economic downturn through various measures, including direct financial aid to American families and economic stimulus to significantly impacted industry sectors. The package also includes extensive emergency funding for hospitals and providers. In addition to the general impact of COVID-19, certain provisions of recent legislative and regulatory relief efforts may have a material impact on our operations. While it is not possible to know the full universe or extent of these impacts as of the date this filing, we are disclosing potentially material items of which we are aware.

Financial position and results of operations

Pertaining to the Company's June 30, 2021 financial condition and results of operations, COVID-19 has had an impact on the allowance for credit losses. While the Company has not yet experienced any charge-offs related to future droughts.

The residential real estate marketsCOVID-19, its allowance for credit loss calculation and resulting provision for credit losses are significantly impacted by changes in economic conditions resulting from significant increase in unemployment. Although economic scenarios improved since the pandemic was declared in March 2020, the credit risk in the five county region from Merced to Kern has strengthened since 2013 and that trend has continued through 2017. The severe declinesloan portfolio remains heightened resulting in residential construction and home prices that began in 2008 have ended and home prices are now rising on a year-over-year basis. The sustained period of double-digit price declines from 2008–2011 adversely impacted the Company’s operations and increased the levels of nonperforming assets, increased expenses related to foreclosed properties, and decreased profit margins. As the Company continues its business development and expansion efforts throughout its market areas, it will also maintain its commitmentneed for an additional reserve for credit loss. Refer to the reductiondiscussion of nonperforming assets and provisionthe allowance for credit loss in Note 3 of options for borrowers experiencing difficulties. Those options include combinations of rate and term concessions,the unaudited financial statements as well as forbearance agreementsfurther discussion later on in MD&A. Should economic conditions worsen, the Company could experience further increases in its required allowance for credit loss and record additional provision expense.

The Company's interest income could be reduced due to COVID-19. In keeping with borrowers.guidance from regulators, the Company is actively working with COVID-19 affected borrowers to defer their payments, interest, and fees. Interest and fees will still accrue to income pursuant to normal GAAP accounting policies. Should eventual credit losses on these deferred payments emerge, interest income and fees accrued would need to be reversed. In such a scenario, interest income in future periods could be negatively impacted. At this time, the Company is unable to project the materiality of such an impact, but recognizes the breadth of the economic impact may affect its borrowers’ ability to repay in future periods.


Capital and liquidity

As of June 30, 2021, the Company and Bank's capital ratios were in excess of all regulatory requirements. The Company's management team believes that while the Company and Bank have sufficient capital to withstand ongoing economic weakness brought about by COVID-19, its reported and regulatory capital ratios could be adversely impacted by further credit losses. The Company relies on cash on hand as well as dividends from the Bank to service its debt. If the Bank is unable to pay dividends for an extended period of time, the Company may not be able to service its debt.

The Company maintains access to multiple sources of liquidity. If extended economic weakness caused large numbers of its deposit customers to withdraw their funds, it might become more reliant on volatile or more expensive sources of funding. Wholesale funding markets are available to the Company.

Asset valuation

Currently, the Company does not expect COVID-19 to affect its ability to account timely for the assets on the balance sheet; however, this could change in future periods. While certain valuation assumptions and judgments will change to account for pandemic-related circumstances such as widening credit spreads, the Company does not anticipate significant changes in methodology used to determine the fair value of assets measured in accordance with GAAP.

Processes, controls and business continuity plan
41

Table of Content

The Company maintains a Business Continuity Plan to prepare, and respond to unforeseen circumstances, such as, natural disasters and pandemics. Upon the COVID-19 pandemic declaration, the Company invoked its Business Continuity Plan. The Company implemented protocols for team member safety, provided timely communication to team members and customers, established remote work capabilities to isolate certain personnel essential to critical business continuity operations, and initiated strategies for monitoring and responding to local COVID-19 impacts. Due to the nature of their functions, many team members continue to operate from physical Company locations, while effectively employing social distancing standards where deemed necessary. The Company's Management Team continues to emphasize relationship bankingmeet regularly to anticipate and core deposit growth,respond to any future COVID-19 interruptions or developments. As of June 30, 2021, the Company does not anticipate significant challenges to its ability to maintain its systems and controls in light of the measures it has focused greater attention ontaken to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The Company does not currently face any material resource constraint through the implementation of its market area of Fresno, Madera,business continuity plans.

    Lending operations and Kern Counties, as well as Campbell, in Santa Clara County. The San Joaquin Valley andaccommodations to borrowers


other California markets are exhibiting stronger demandIn keeping with regulatory guidance to work with borrowers during this unprecedented situation, the Company has executed a payment deferral program for construction lending andour commercial lending clients that are adversely affected by the pandemic. Depending on the demonstrated need of the client, the Company is deferring either the full loan payment or the principal component of the loan payment for up to six months. During 2020, the Company had executed 23 payment deferrals or modifications on outstanding loan balances of $69,814,000 in connection with the COVID-19 relief provided by the CARES Act and interagency guidance issued in March 2020. The Company has not recognized any losses on the loan modifications and as of June 30, 2021, there were no modifications outstanding.

The Company participated in the first and second draw of the Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"), administered by the SBA. The first PPP draw ended on August 8, 2020, the second draw and PPP program ended May 31, 2021. PPP loans earn interest at 1% and have either a two or five year term. In addition to interest, the Company receives a processing fee ranging from small3%-5% of the loan balance for each PPP loan. The Company believes that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program. As of June 30, 2021, there were 111 outstanding SBA PPP loans representing $12,172,000 in balances.

The Company is working with customers directly affected by COVID-19. The Company has provided and medium size businesses,continues to offer short-term assistance in accordance with regulatory guidelines. As a result of the current economic environment, the Company is engaging in more frequent communication with borrowers to better understand their situation and the challenges faced, allowing it to respond proactively as commercialneeds and residential real estate markets have shown improvements.issues arise. The Company is engaging in more frequent communication with the servicer and individual schools participating in the student loan portfolio to better understand the effects of COVID-19 on school closures and students in school or in clinical programs. It is possible that the Company’s asset quality measures could worsen at future measurement periods if the effects of COVID-19 are prolonged.


The Company continually evaluates its strategic business plan as economic and market factors change in its market area. The Company may see a short-term slowdown in new loan originations due to COVID-19. Balance sheet management, enhancing revenue sources, and maintaining market share will continue to be of primary importance during 20172021 and beyond. The previous pressure on net margins as interest rates hit historical lows may now be ending as interest rates are anticipated to rise slowly. As a result, market rates of interest and asset quality will continue to be important factors in the Company’s ongoing strategic planning process.


Results of Operations


On a year-to-date basis, the Company reported net income of $7,004,000$4,115,000 or $0.41$0.24 per share ($0.41($0.24 diluted), for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as compared to $5,830,000$4,768,000, or $0.35$0.28 per share ($0.350.28 diluted), for the same period in 2016.2020. The Company’s return on average assets was 1.17%0.71% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as compared to 1.04%0.98% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The Company’s return on average equity was 9.42%7.00% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as compared to 8.38%8.09% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The decrease is primarily the result of the change in LIBOR rates between periods, causing a $656,000 loss for the six months ended June 30, 2021 on the fair value of junior subordinated debentures, compared to a $1,469,000 gain for the six months ended June 30, 2020.


Net Interest Income


The following tables present condensed average balance sheet information, together with interest income and yields earned on average interest earning assets, and interest expense and rates paid on average interest-bearing liabilities for the three and ninesix month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016.2020.


Table 1. Distribution of Average Assets, Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity:
Interest rates and Interest Differentials
42

Table of Content
Three Months Ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 20162020


  2021  2020 
(dollars in thousands)Average BalanceInterestYield/Rate (2)Average BalanceInterestYield/Rate (2)
 
Assets:      
Interest-earning assets:      
Loans (1)$762,090 $8,708 4.58 %$636,840 $7,849 4.96 %
Investment securities (3)164,908 654 1.59 %97,209 356 1.47 %
Interest-bearing deposits in FRB180,061 42 0.09 %182,755 38 0.08 %
Total interest-earning assets1,107,059 $9,404 3.41 %916,804 $8,243 3.62 %
Allowance for credit losses(8,552)  (9,124)  
Noninterest-earning assets:     
Cash and due from banks48,415   28,432   
Premises and equipment, net8,950   9,540   
Accrued interest receivable7,949   8,122   
Other real estate owned4,965   5,969   
Other assets54,488   46,562   
Total average assets$1,223,274   $1,006,305   
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:      
Interest-bearing liabilities:      
NOW accounts$160,053 $60 0.15 %$117,069 $35 0.12 %
Money market accounts307,374 273 0.36 %250,558 238 0.38 %
Savings accounts107,024 29 0.11 %86,157 24 0.11 %
Time deposits62,993 106 0.67 %62,487 150 0.97 %
Junior subordinated debentures10,961 45 1.65 %8,494 83 3.93 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities648,405 $513 0.32 %524,765 $530 0.41 %
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:      
Noninterest-bearing checking446,352   352,309   
Accrued interest payable107   101   
Other liabilities9,550   10,019   
Total liabilities1,104,414   887,194   
Total shareholders' equity118,860   119,111   
Total average liabilities and shareholders' equity$1,223,274   $1,006,305   
Interest income as a percentage  of average earning assets  3.41 %  3.62 %
Interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets  0.19 %  0.23 %
Net interest margin  3.22 %  3.39 %
   2017     2016  
(dollars in thousands)Average Balance Interest Yield/Rate (2) Average Balance Interest Yield/Rate (2)
      
Assets:           
Interest-earning assets:           
Loans and leases (1)$574,484
 $7,978
 5.51% $574,885
 $7,435
 5.15%
Investment Securities – taxable (3)51,811
 238
 1.82% 56,887
 244
 1.71%
Interest-bearing  deposits in other banks654
 1
 0.61% 1,533
 2
 0.52%
Interest-bearing  deposits in FRB117,803
 375
 1.26% 56,264
 72
 0.51%
Total interest-earning assets744,752
 $8,592
 4.58% 689,569
 $7,753
 4.47%
Allowance for credit losses(9,104)  
  
 (8,913)  
  
Noninterest-earning assets:   
  
  
  
  
Cash and due from banks22,375
  
  
 21,857
  
  
Premises and equipment, net10,623
  
  
 10,321
  
  
Accrued interest receivable4,878
  
  
 2,791
  
  
Other real estate owned5,745
  
  
 7,407
  
  
Other assets37,355
  
  
 36,734
  
  
Total average assets$816,624
  
  
 $759,766
  
  
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity: 
  
  
  
  
  
Interest-bearing liabilities: 
  
  
  
  
  
NOW accounts$87,435
 $30
 0.14% $86,074
 $30
 0.14%
Money market accounts156,050
 187
 0.48% 148,411
 142
 0.38%
Savings accounts81,027
 47
 0.23% 67,652
 34
 0.20%
Time deposits66,841
 91
 0.54% 70,772
 83
 0.47%
Junior subordinated debentures9,399
 80
 3.38% 7,805
 60
 3.06%
Total interest-bearing liabilities400,752
 $435
 0.43% 380,714
 $349
 0.36%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities: 
  
  
  
  
  
Noninterest-bearing checking308,480
  
  
 275,878
  
  
Accrued interest payable92
  
  
 73
  
  
Other liabilities6,298
  
  
 8,194
  
  
Total Liabilities715,622
  
  
 664,859
  
  
            
Total shareholders' equity101,002
  
  
 94,907
  
  
Total average liabilities and shareholders' equity$816,624
  
  
 $759,766
  
  
Interest income as a percentage  of average earning assets 
  
 4.58%  
  
 4.47%
Interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets 
  
 0.23%  
  
 0.20%
Net interest margin 
  
 4.35%  
  
 4.27%


(1)(1)Loan amounts include nonaccrual loans, but the related interest income has been included only if collected for the period prior to the loan being placed on a nonaccrual basis. Loan interest income includes loan costs of approximately $68,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 and loan costs of $133,000 for the quarter ended September 30, 2016.
(2)Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 365 days in the yield calculation
(3)Yields on investments securities are calculated based on average amortized cost balances rather than fair value, as changes in fair value are reflected as a component of shareholders' equity.


For the quarter ended September 30, 2017, total interest income increased $839,000 or 10.82%, as comparedhas been included only if collected for the period prior to the quarterloan being placed on a nonaccrual basis. Loan interest costs includes loan fee income of approximately $290 for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016. Comparing those two periods,2021 and loan fee income of $58 for the three months ended June 30, 2020.
(2)Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 365 days (366 days for 2020) in the yield calculation.
(3)Yields on investments securities, aside from marketable equity securities, are calculated based on average interest earning assets increased $55,183,000, with a $61,539,000 increase onamortized cost balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank, partially offset by a $5,076,000 decreaserather than fair value, as changes in investment securities, and a $401,000 decrease in loans and leases. The average yield on total interest-earning assets increased 11 basis points. Loan yields increased 36 basis points primarilyfair value are reflected as a resultcomponent of loan growth in the higher-yielding student loan portfolio,shareholders' equity.
43

Table of Content

Table 1. Distribution of Average Assets, Liabilities and increases on rates throughout the loan portfolio reflecting the increase in the prime rate. Yields on interest bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank and other banks increased for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 as a result of the two 0.25% interest rate increases during 2017. For the quarter ended September 30, 2017, total interest expense increased $86,000 or 24.64% as compared to the quarter ended September 30, 2016, as a result of a $20,038,000 increase in interest-bearing liabilities. The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities was 0.43% for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 and 0.36% for the quarter ended September 30, 2016.


Shareholders’ Equity:
Interest rates and Interest Differentials
NineSix Months Ended June 30, 2021 and 2020

  2021  2020 
(dollars in thousands)Average BalanceInterestYield/Rate (2)Average BalanceInterestYield/Rate (2)
 
Assets:      
Interest-earning assets:      
Loans (1)$716,162 $16,779 4.72 %$619,950 $16,348 5.30 %
Investment securities (3)134,243 1,041 1.56 %89,655 784 1.76 %
Interest-bearing deposits in FRB219,272 104 0.10 %180,751 605 0.67 %
Total interest-earning assets1,069,677 $17,924 3.38 %890,356 $17,737 4.01 %
Allowance for credit losses(8,535)  (7,905)  
Noninterest-earning assets:     
Cash and due from banks45,051   28,857   
Premises and equipment, net8,995   9,452   
Accrued interest receivable7,814   7,808   
Other real estate owned5,019   6,452   
Other assets49,239   45,585   
Total average assets$1,177,260   $980,605   
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:      
Interest-bearing liabilities:      
NOW accounts$155,077 $115 0.15 %$114,264 $75 0.13 %
Money market accounts286,153 503 0.35 %247,992 666 0.54 %
Savings accounts104,090 57 0.11 %83,729 56 0.13 %
Time deposits62,821 220 0.71 %62,663 314 1.01 %
Junior subordinated debentures10,929 92 1.70 %9,605 180 3.77 %
Total interest-bearing liabilities619,070 $987 0.32 %518,253 $1,291 0.50 %
Noninterest-bearing liabilities:      
Noninterest-bearing checking429,513   333,330   
Accrued interest payable100   126   
Other liabilities9,673   9,773   
Total liabilities1,058,356   861,482   
Total shareholders' equity118,904   118,513   
Total average liabilities and shareholders' equity$1,177,260   $979,995   
Interest income as a percentage  of average earning assets  3.38 %  4.01 %
Interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets  0.19 %  0.29 %
Net interest margin  3.19 %  3.72 %

(1)Loan amounts include nonaccrual loans, but the related interest income has been included only if collected for the period prior to the loan being placed on a nonaccrual basis. Loan interest costs includes loan fee income of approximately $936 for the six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016loan fee income of $89 for thesix months ended June 30, 2020.
44

Table of Content
   2017     2016  
(dollars in 000's)Average Balance Interest Yield/Rate (2) Average Balance Interest Yield/Rate (2)
      
Assets:           
Interest-earning assets:           
Loans and leases (1)$565,068
 $22,782
 5.39% $532,133
 $20,722
 5.20%
Investment Securities – taxable (3)54,284
 691
 1.70% 46,384
 618
 1.78%
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks652
 4
 0.82% 1,531
 6
 0.52%
Interest-bearing deposits in FRB107,921
 858
 1.06% 93,305
 348
 0.50%
Total interest-earning assets727,925
 $24,335
 4.47% 673,353

$21,694
 4.30%
Allowance for credit losses(9,017)  
  
 (9,439)  
  
Noninterest-earning assets: 
  
  
  
  
  
Cash and due from banks21,393
  
  
 22,126
  
  
Premises and equipment, net10,708
  
  
 10,550
  
  
Accrued interest receivable4,248
  
  
 2,350
  
  
Other real estate owned6,083
  
  
 9,797
  
  
Other assets36,731
  
  
 36,552
  
  
Total average assets$798,071
  
  
 $745,289
  
  
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity: 
  
  
  
  
  
Interest-bearing liabilities: 
  
  
  
  
  
NOW accounts$87,598
 $87
 0.13% $84,610
 $81
 0.13%
Money market accounts152,257
 506
 0.44% 146,801
 419
 0.38%
Savings accounts78,247
 136
 0.23% 66,117
 103
 0.21%
Time deposits80,861
 326
 0.54% 70,936
 234
 0.44%
Junior subordinated debentures9,114
 223
 3.27% 7,995
 176
 2.94%
Total interest-bearing liabilities408,077

$1,278
 0.42% 376,459

$1,013
 0.36%
Noninterest-bearing liabilities: 
  
  
  
  
  
Noninterest-bearing checking283,783
  
  
 268,820
  
  
Accrued interest payable104
  
  
 73
  
  
Other liabilities6,714
  
  
 7,218
  
  
Total Liabilities698,678
  
  
 652,570
  
  
            
Total shareholders' equity99,393
  
  
 92,719
  
  
Total average liabilities and shareholders' equity$798,071
  
  
 $745,289
  
  
Interest income as a percentage  of average earning assets 
  
 4.47%  
  
 4.30%
Interest expense as a percentage of average earning assets 
  
 0.23%  
  
 0.20%
Net interest margin 
  
 4.24%  
  
 4.10%
(2)Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 365 days (366 days for 2020) in the yield calculation.

(3)Yields on investments securities, aside from marketable equity securities, are calculated based on average amortized cost balances rather than fair value, as changes in fair value are reflected as a component of shareholders' equity.
(1)Loan amounts include nonaccrual loans, but the related interest income has been included only if collected for the period prior to the loan being placed on a nonaccrual basis. Loan interest income includes loan costs of approximately $336,000 and $169,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
(2)Interest income/expense is divided by actual number of days in the period times 365 days in the yield calculation
(3)Yields on investments securities are calculated based on average amortized cost balances rather than fair value, as changes in fair value are reflected as a component of shareholders' equity.


The prime rate was raised to 4.00% in March 2017,remained unchanged at 3.25% between June 30, 2020 and raised to 4.25% in June 2017. These30, 2021. Future increases or decreases will affect rates for loansboth interest income and customer deposits, both of which have increasedexpense and are likely to increase further as the prime rate continues to rise.resultant net interest margin.


Both the Company's net interest income and net interest margin are affected by changes in the amount and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as "volume change." Both are also affected by changes in yields on interest-earning assets and rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities, referred to as "rate change." The following table sets forth the changes in interest income and interest expense for each major category of interest-earning asset and interest-bearing liability, and the amount of change attributable to volume and rate changes for the periods indicated.


Table 2.  Rate and Volume Analysis

Increase (decrease) for the three months ended
June 30, 2021 compared to June 30, 2020
(in 000's)TotalRateVolume
Increase (decrease) in interest income:   
Loans$859 $(618)$1,477 
Investment securities available for sale298 33 265 
Interest-bearing deposits in FRB(1)
Total interest income1,161 (580)1,741 
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Interest-bearing demand accounts60 (11)71 
Savings and money market accounts(1)
Time deposits(44)(45)
Subordinated debentures(38)(57)19 
Total interest expense(17)(114)97 
Increase (decrease) in net interest income$1,178 $(466)$1,644 
 Increase (decrease) in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 compared to September 30, 2016
(in 000's)Total Rate Volume
Increase (decrease) in interest income:     
Loans and leases$2,060
 $832
 $1,228
Investment securities available for sale73
 (25) 98
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks(2) 4
 (6)
Interest-bearing deposits in FRB510
 386
 124
Total interest income2,641
 1,197
 1,444
Increase (decrease) in interest expense: 
  
  
Interest-bearing demand accounts93
 75
 18
Savings and money market accounts33
 13
 20
Time deposits92
 57
 35
Subordinated debentures47
 22
 25
Total interest expense265
 167
 98
Increase in net interest income$2,376
 $1,030
 $1,346

For the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, total interest income increased approximately $2,641,000,$1,161,000, or 12.17%14.08%, as compared to the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016. Earning asset volumes for loans and leases2020. In comparing the two periods, average interest earning assets increased $32,935,000 on average. Overnight investments$190,255,000, with the FRB increased $14,616,000 and available for salean increase of $125,250,000 in loan balances, an increase of $67,699,000 in investment securities, and an decrease of $2,694,000 in balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank. The increase in average loan balances was driven by purchases of $145,717,000 in residential mortgage loans. Investment securities yields increased $7,900,000 between the two periods.12 basis points and loan yields decreased 38 basis points. The average yield on total interest-earning assets decreased 21 basis points. The decrease in yields are a result of repricing of variable rate loans, increased 19 basis points between the two periods,floating rate investment securities, and the low interest environment of interest-bearing deposits in FRB. Interest-bearing deposits in FRB are the Company's lowest-yielding interest-earning asset and comprises 16% of the average yield on investment securities decreased approximately 8 basis points during the nineearning assets for three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021.

45

Table of Content
Increase (decrease) for the six months ended
June 30, 2021 compared to June 30, 2020
(in 000's)TotalRateVolume
Increase (decrease) in interest income:   
Loans$431 $(1,916)$2,347 
Investment securities available for sale257 (92)349 
Interest-bearing deposits in FRB(501)(497)(4)
Total interest income187 (2,505)2,692 
Increase (decrease) in interest expense:
Interest-bearing demand accounts(123)(262)139 
Savings and money market accounts(11)12 
Time deposits(94)(95)
Subordinated debentures(88)(110)22 
Total interest expense(304)(478)174 
Increase (decrease) in net interest income$491 $(2,027)$2,518 

For the six months ended June 30, 2021, total interest income increased $187,000, or 1.05%, as compared to the same periodsix months ended June 30, 2020. In comparing the two periods, average interest earning assets increased $179,321,000, with an increase of 2016.  $96,212,000 in loan balances, an increase of $44,588,000 in investment securities, and an increase of $38,521,000 in balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank. Investment securities yields decreased 20 basis points and loan yields decreased 58 basis points. The average yield on total interest-earning assets decreased 63 basis points. The changes in yields are a result of the lower rate environment. Included in interest income for six months ended June 30, 2021 were $544,000 in fees related to SBA PPP loans. Interest-bearing deposits in FRB are the Company's lowest-yielding interest-earning asset and comprises 20% of the average earning assets for six months ended June 30, 2021.


The overall average yield on the loan portfolio increaseddecreased to 5.39%4.72% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as compared to 5.20%5.30% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The Company has successfully sought to mitigate the low-interest rate environment with loan floors included in new and renewed loans when practical. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017, 53.0%2021, 51.1% of the Company's loan portfolio consisted of floating rate instruments, as compared to 52.1%60.8% of the portfolio at December 31, 2016,2020, with the majority of those tied to the prime rate. Approximately 25.3%46.3%, or $78,201,000,$199,052,000, of the floating rate loans had rate floors at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, making them effectively fixed-rate loans for certain increases in interest rates, and fixed-rate loans for all decreases in interest rates. None of the loans with floorsLoan balances totaling $28,085,000 have floor spreads of 100 basis points or more.


Although market ratesThe Company’s net interest margin decreased to 3.19% for the six months ended June 30, 2021, when compared to 3.72% for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The net interest margin decreased primarily as a result of interest are at historically low levels,decreases in the yield on the loan portfolio.

The Company’s disciplined deposit pricing efforts have helped keep the Company's cost of funds low. The Company’s net interest margin increased to 4.24% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, when compared to 4.10% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The net interest margin increased due to increases in the loan portfolio yield and increases in the yield on overnight investments held at correspondent banks. As interest rates paid on deposits have also increased, the Company’s average cost of funds roseinterest-bearing liabilities decreased to 0.42%0.32% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as compared to 0.36%0.50% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016. The Company utilizes brokered deposits as an additional source of funding. Currently, the Company holds CDARs reciprocal deposits, which are preferred by some depositors. These comprise $9,755,000 of the balance of certificates of deposits at September 30, 2017.2020. For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, total interest expense increaseddecreased approximately $265,000,$304,000, or 26.16%23.55%, as compared to the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. Between those two periods, average interest-bearing liabilities increased by $31,618,000$100,817,000 due to increases across all categoriesin NOW, money market, and savings accounts. While the Company may utilize brokered deposits as an additional source of customer deposits.funding, the Company held no brokered deposits at June 30, 2021.


Net interest income has increased between the nine months ended September 30, 2017Table 3. Interest-Earning Assets and 2016, totaling $23,057,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 as compared to $20,681,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The increase in net interest income between 2016 and 2017 was primarily the result of reinvestment of low yielding overnight investments into the loan and investment portfolios and growth in total interest-earning assets.Liabilities


The following table summarizes the year-to-date averages of the components of interest-earning assets as a percentage of total interest-earning assets and the components of interest-bearing liabilities as a percentage of total interest-bearing liabilities:
46

Table of Content
YTD Average
9/30/2017
 
YTD Average
12/31/16
 
YTD Average
9/30/2016
YTD Average
6/30/2021
YTD Average
12/31/20
YTD Average
6/30/2020
Loans77.63% 79.26% 79.02%Loans66.96%67.51%69.64%
Investment securities available for sale7.46% 7.27% 6.89%Investment securities available for sale12.55%9.57%10.07%
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks0.09% 0.22% 0.23%
Interest-bearing deposits in FRB14.82% 13.25% 13.86%Interest-bearing deposits in FRB20.49%22.92%20.29%
Total interest-earning assets100.00% 100.00% 100.00%Total interest-earning assets100.00%100.00%100.00%
 
NOW accounts21.47% 22.25% 22.48%NOW accounts25.05%23.12%22.05%
Money market accounts37.31% 38.82% 39.00%Money market accounts46.22%47.32%47.85%
Savings accounts19.17% 17.62% 17.56%Savings accounts16.81%16.23%16.16%
Time deposits19.82% 19.21% 18.84%Time deposits10.15%11.54%12.09%
Subordinated debentures2.23% 2.10% 2.12%Subordinated debentures1.77%1.79%1.85%
Total interest-bearing liabilities100.00% 100.00% 100.00%Total interest-bearing liabilities100.00%100.00%100.00%


Noninterest Income

Table 3.4. Changes in Noninterest Income


The following tables sets forth the amount and percentage changes in the categories presented for the three and ninesix month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016:2020:


 
     (in 000's)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021Three Months Ended June 30, 2020Amount of
Change
Percent
 Change
Customer service fees$692 618 $74 11.97 %
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance138 127 11 8.66 %
Unrealized gain on fair value of marketable equity securities— 71 (71)(100.00)%
Gain on death benefit proceeds from bank-owned life insurance— 310 (310)(100)%
Gain (loss) on fair value of junior subordinated debentures377 (30)407 (1,356.67)%
Other115 118 (3)(2.54)%
Total noninterest income$1,322 $1,214 $108 8.90 %
 
     (in 000's)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 Amount of
Change
 Percent
 Change
Customer service fees$959
 $924
 $35
 3.79 %
Increase in cash surrender value of BOLI/COLI134
 131
 3
 2.29 %
(Loss) gain on fair value of financial liability(88) (423) 335
 (79.20)%
Gain on sale of other investment3
 
 3
 100.00 %
Other168
 154
 14
 9.09 %
Total noninterest income$1,176
 $786
 $390
 49.62 %


Noninterest income for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 increased $390,000$108,000 to $1,176,000,$1,322,000 when compared to the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The increase is mostly attributed tothe result of the change in LIBOR rates between periods, causing a decrease in$377,000 gain for the lossquarter ended June 30, 2021 on the fair value of financial liability of $335,000junior subordinated debentures, compared to a $30,000 loss for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017. The fluctuation in fair value2020, partially offset by life insurance proceeds realized during the quarter ended June 30, 2020.

47

Table of financial liability was caused by changes in the LIBOR yield curve.
(in 000's)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 
Amount of
Change
 
Percent
 Change

(in 000's)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021Six Months Ended June 30, 2020Amount of
Change
Percent
 Change
Customer service fees$2,897
 $2,867
 $30
 1.05 %Customer service fees$1,348 1,346 $0.15 %
Increase in cash surrender value of BOLI/COLI400
 394
 6
 1.52 %
(Loss) gain on fair value of financial liability(688) 48
 (736) (1,533.33)%
Gain on sale of other investment3
 
 3
 100.00 %
Increase in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insuranceIncrease in cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance269 258 11 4.26 %
Unrealized (loss) gain on fair value of marketable equity securitiesUnrealized (loss) gain on fair value of marketable equity securities(60)85 (145)(170.59)%
Gain on death benefit proceeds from bank-owned life insuranceGain on death benefit proceeds from bank-owned life insurance— 310 (310)(100)%
(Loss) gain on fair value of junior subordinated debentures(Loss) gain on fair value of junior subordinated debentures(656)1,469 (2,125)(144.66)%
Gain on sale of assetsGain on sale of assets13 — 13 100.00 %
Other539
 464
 75
 16.16 %Other248 328 (80)(24.39)%
Total noninterest income$3,151
 $3,773
 $(622) (16.49)%Total noninterest income$1,162 $3,796 $(2,634)(69.39)%



Noninterest income for the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 2017decreased $622,000, or 16.49%,2021 decreased $2,634,000 to $1,162,000 when compared to the same period of 2016. Customer service fees, the primary component of noninterest income, increased $30,000, or 1.05%, between the two periods presented.six months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease in noninterest income of $622,000 between the two periods is primarily the result of the change in LIBOR rates between periods, causing a $688,000$656,000 loss recordedfor the six months ended June 30, 2021 on the fair value of a financial liability for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 asjunior subordinated debentures, compared to a $48,000$1,469,000 gain on the fair value of a financial liability recorded for the same period in 2016. The change in the fair valuesix months ended June 30, 2020. Additionally, life insurance proceeds of financial liability was primarily caused by fluctuations in the LIBOR yield curve.

The cost of the Company’s subordinated debentures issued by USB Capital Trust II has remained low as market rates have remained low$310,000 were realized during the first nine months of 2017. With pricing at 3-month-LIBOR plus 129 basis points, the effective cost of the subordinated debt was 2.85% at September 30, 2017, as compared to 2.15% at September 30, 2016. Pursuant to fair value accounting guidance, the Company has recorded $688,000 in pretax fair value loss on its junior subordinated debt during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, bringing the total cumulative gain recorded on the debt to $3,008,000 at September 30, 2017.2020.


Noninterest Expense


Table 5. Changes in Noninterest Expense

The following tabletables sets forth the amount and percentage changes in the categories presented for the three and ninesix month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016:2020:

 
     (in 000's)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2021Three Months Ended June 30, 2020Amount of
Change
Percent
 Change
Salaries and employee benefits$2,893 $2,414 $479 19.84 %
Occupancy expense837 869 (32)(3.68)%
Data processing148 135 13 9.63 %
Professional fees865 691 174 25.18 %
Regulatory assessments123 77 46 59.74 %
Director fees92 94 (2)(2.13)%
Correspondent bank service charges23 17 35.29 %
Net cost on operation of OREO18 780 (762)(97.69)%
Other606 612 (6)(0.98)%
Total expense$5,605 $5,689 $(84)(1.48)%
Table 4. Changes in Noninterest Expense

 
     (in 000's)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016 
Amount of
Change
 
Percent
 Change
Salaries and employee benefits$2,578
 $2,533
 $45
 1.78 %
Occupancy expense1,087
 1,097
 (10) (0.91)%
Data processing29
 23
 6
 26.09 %
Professional fees312
 327
 (15) (4.59)%
FDIC/DFI insurance assessments43
 131
 (88) (67.18)%
Director fees72
 75
 (3) (4.00)%
Loss on California tax credit partnership(1) 49
 (50) (102.04)%
Net cost on operation of OREO21
 39
 (18) (46.15)%
Other605
 590
 15
 2.54 %
Total expense$4,746
 $4,864
 $(118) (2.43)%


Noninterest expense for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 decreased $118,000$84,000 to $4,746,000,$5,605,000, compared to the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The decrease was attributed to lowerdecreases in the cost on OREO expenses, aand occupancy expense, offset by increases in salaries and employee benefits and professional fees. The decrease in the losscost on OREO was the result of a tax credit partnership, and a reduction in regulatory assessment expense. The FDIC assessment rate for the Company was reduced effective third quarter 2017. OREO expenses decreased $18,000$727,000 write-down on one property recorded during the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 as a result2020.

48

Table of partial sales on OREO properties in 2016 and 2017.

(in 000's)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 
Amount of
Change
 
Percent
 Change

(in 000's)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2021Six Months Ended June 30, 2020Amount of
Change
Percent
 Change
Salaries and employee benefits$8,149
 $7,592
 $557
 7.34 %Salaries and employee benefits$5,917 $5,409 $508 9.39 %
Occupancy expense3,144
 3,212
 (68) (2.12)%Occupancy expense1,693 1,723 (30)(1.74)%
Data processing81
 108
 (27) (25.00)%Data processing235 247 (12)(4.86)%
Professional fees912
 1,116
 (204) (18.28)%Professional fees1,690 1,546 144 9.31 %
FDIC/DFI insurance assessments313
 632
 (319) (50.47)%
Regulatory assessmentsRegulatory assessments289 162 127 78.40 %
Director fees215
 218
 (3) (1.38)%Director fees184 188 (4)(2.13)%
Loss on California tax credit partnership118
 122
 (4) (3.28)%
Net (gain) cost on operation of OREO(257) 216
 (473) (218.98)%
Correspondent bank service chargesCorrespondent bank service charges42 33 27.27 %
Net cost on operation of OREONet cost on operation of OREO43 933 (890)(95.39)%
Other1,868
 1,772
 96
 5.42 %Other1,077 1,193 (116)(9.72)%
Total expense$14,543
 $14,988
 $(445) (2.97)%Total expense$11,170 $11,434 $(264)(2.31)%



Noninterest expense decreased approximately $445,000 or 2.97% betweenfor the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 and September2021 decreased $264,000 to $11,170,000, compared to the six months ended June 30, 2017.2020. The decrease experienced duringwas attributed to decreases in the nine months ended September 30, 2017,cost on OREO and other expense, offset by increases in salaries and employee benefits and professional fees. The decrease in the cost on OREO was primarily the result of decreases of $473,000 in net cost of OREO, $319,000 in regulatory assessments, $204,000 in professional fees, and $68,000 in occupancy expense, partially offset by an increase of $557,000 in employee salary and benefit expenses. The increase in employee salary and benefit expenses is driven by increases in group insurance and higher employee incentives, compared toa $727,000 write-down on one property recorded during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020.


Income Taxes


The Company’s income tax expense is impacted to some degree by permanent taxable differences between income reported for book purposes and income reported for tax purposes, as well as certain tax credits which are not reflected in the Company’s pretax income or loss shown in the statements of operations and comprehensive income. As pretax income or loss amounts become smaller, the impact of these differences become more significant and are reflected as variances in the Company’s effective tax rate for the periods presented. In general, the permanent differences and tax credits affecting tax expense have a positive impact and tend to reduce the effective tax rates shown in the Company’s statements of income and comprehensive income.


The Company reviews its current tax positions at least quarterly based on the accounting standards related to uncertainty in income taxes which includes the criteria that an individual tax position would have to meet for some or all of the income tax benefit to be recognized in a taxable entity’s financial statements. Under the income tax guidelines, an entity should recognize the financial statement benefit of a tax position if it determines that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination. The term “more likely than not” means a likelihood of more than 50 percent. In assessing whether the more-likely-than-not criterion is met, the entity should assume that the tax position will be reviewed by the applicable taxing authority.
 
The Company has reviewed all of its tax positions as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, and has determined that, there are no material amounts to be recorded under the current income tax accounting guidelines.


The Company's effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2021 was 28.16% compared to 28.56% for the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Financial Condition


Total assets increased $55,535,000,increased $138,401,000, or 7.05%12.67%, to a balance of $843,507,000$1,231,055,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021, from the balance of $1,092,654,000 at December 31, 2020, and increased $199,682,000, or 19.36%, from the balance of $787,972,000$1,031,373,000 at December 31, 2016, and increased $61,915,000, or 7.92%, from the balance of $781,592,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. Total deposits of $725,298,000$1,090,442,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017, increased $48,669,000,2021, increased $137,791,000, or 7.19%14.46%, from the balance reported at December 31, 2016,2020, and increased $54,012,000,increased $197,330,000, or 8.05%22.09%, from the balance of $671,286,000$893,112,000 reported at SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. Cash and cash equivalents increased $46,860,000,decreased $133,161,000, or 41.46%45.28%, between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017; net2021. Net loans increased $12,511,000,increased $187,024,000, or 2.23%28.96%, to a balance of $574,443,000;$832,849,000, and investment securities decreased $9,135,000,increased $84,575,000, or 15.89%98.12%, during the first ninesix months of 2017.2021.


Earning assets averaged approximately $727,925,000$1,069,677,000 during the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 2017,2021, as compared to $673,353,000$890,356,000 for the same period in 2016.2020. Average interest-bearing liabilities increased to $408,077,000$619,070,000 for the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 2017,2021, from $376,459,000$518,253,000 reported for the comparative period of 2016.2020.


49

Table of Content
Loans and Leases


The Company's primary business is that of acquiring deposits and making loans, with the loan portfolio representing the largest and most important component of earning assets. Loans totaled $582,384,000$841,103,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, an increase of $12,625,000,$185,692,000, or 2.22%28.33%, when compared to the balance of $569,759,000$655,411,000 at December 31, 2016,2020, and an increase of $22,785,000,$191,449,000, or 4.07%22.76%, when compared to the balance of $559,599,000$649,654,000 reported at SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. During the second quarter of 2021, the Company purchased $145,717,000 in residential mortgage loans. Loans on average increased $32,935,000,increased $96,212,000, or 6.19%15.52%, between the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, with loans averaging $565,068,000$716,162,000 for the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 2017,2021, as compared to $532,133,000$619,950,000 for the same period of 2016.2020.


TotalTable 6. Loans

The following table sets forth the amounts of loans increased $12,625,000 betweenoutstanding by category at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 20162020, the category percentages as of those dates, and September 30, 2017, and increased $22,785,000the net change between September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2017. the two periods presented.
 June 30, 2021December 31, 2020  
(in 000's)Dollar Amount% of LoansDollar Amount% of LoansNet Change% Change
Commercial and industrial$56,084 6.6 %$47,514 7.2 %$8,570 18.04 %
Real estate – mortgage509,885 60.6 %320,294 48.9 %189,591 59.19 %
RE construction & development165,426 19.7 %175,016 26.7 %(9,590)(5.48)%
Agricultural53,518 6.4 %51,079 7.8 %2,439 4.77 %
Installment and student loans56,190 6.7 %61,508 9.4 %(5,318)(8.65)%
Total gross loans$841,103 100.00 %$655,411 100.00 %$185,692 28.33 %

During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company experienced increases in real estate agriculture,mortgage loans, real estate construction and consumerdevelopment loans, and agricultural loans compared to the same period ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. Commercial and industrial loans decreased $2,054,000increased $8,570,000 between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and decreased $762,000$12,146,000 between SeptemberJune 30, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. Included in commercial and industrial loans as of June 30, 2021 are $12,172,000 in SBA PPP loans. Agricultural loans increased $2,439,000 between December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2021 and increased $4,539,000 between June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2021. Installment and otherstudent loans increased $12,634,000 during the same perioddecreased $5,318,000 between December 31, 2020 and June 30, 2021 and decreased $8,162,000 between June 30, 2020 and June 30, 2021, primarily due to growthdecreases in the student loan balances. The Bank is subject to internal and regulatory limits of 115% of capital on the real estate construction and development portfolio and 300% of capital for the non-owner occupied commercial real estate portfolio, which also includes construction and development loans. At June 30, 2021, the real estate construction and development portfolio totaled 112% of regulatory capital and non-owner occupied commercial real estate totaled 314% of regulatory capital. The Bank''s current limits of 115% and 330%, respectively, may affect the ability of the Bank to grow these segments of the loan portfolio. IncludedThe Bank is not approaching internal or regulatory concentration limits in installment loans are $51,185,000 in student loans made to medical and pharmacy school students. Repayment on student loans is deferred until 6 months after graduation. Accrued interest on loans that have not entered repayment status totaled $3,769,000 at September 30, 2017. The outstanding balance of student loans that have not entered repayment status totaled $47,759,000 at September 30, 2017. other loan segments.

Real estate mortgage loans increased $2,262,000, or 0.78%,$189,591,000 between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021 and increased $450,000$195,447,000 between SeptemberJune 30, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017. Agricultural loans increased $1,587,000, or 2.79%, between December 31, 2016

and September 30, 2017 and increased $5,236,000 between September 30, 2016 and September 30, 2017.2021. Commercial real estate loans (a component of real estate mortgage loans) continue to represent a significant portion of the total loan portfolio. Commercial real estate loans amounted to 34.28%39.63%, 35.14%43.17%, and 35.30%40.71%, of the total loan portfolio at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, December 31, 2016,2020, and SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2020, respectively. Residential mortgage loans are not generally originated by the Company, but some residential mortgage loans have been made over the past several years to facilitate take-out loans for construction borrowers when theywho were not ableunable to obtain permanent financing elsewhere. These loans are generally 30-year amortizing loans with maturities of between three and five years. Residential mortgages totaled $90,284,000,$176,501,000, or 15.50%20.98%, of the portfolio at SeptemberJune 30, 2017, $87,388,000,2021, $37,236,000, or 15.34%5.68% of the portfolio at December 31, 2016,2020, and $91,852,000$49,826,000 or 16.41%7.67% of the portfolio at SeptemberJune 30, 2016. 2020. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company purchased $145,717,000 in 30-year, fixed rate residential mortgage loans. The purchased pools were newly originated with a weighted average coupon of 2.86% The weighted average FICO scores for the pools purchased ranged from 776 to 781.

Installment and student loans decreased $8,162,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2021 as compared to the same period ended June 30, 2020, due to decreases in the student loan portfolio. Included in installment loans are $52,660,000 in student loans made to medical and pharmacy school students. The student loan portfolio consists of unsecured loans to medical and pharmacy students enrolled in medical and pharmacy schools in the US and the Caribbean. The medical student loans are made to US citizens attending medical schools in the US and Antigua, while the pharmacy student loans are made to pharmacy
50

Table of Content
students attending pharmacy school in the US. Upon graduation the loan is automatically placed on deferment for six months. This may be extended up to 48 months for graduates enrolling in internship, medical residency or fellowship. If approved, the student may receive additional deferment for hardship or administrative reasons in the form of a forbearance for a maximum of 24 months throughout the life of the loan. The outstanding balance of student loans that have not entered repayment status totaled $12,391,000 at June 30, 2021. Accrued interest on loans that have not entered repayment status totaled $4,886,000 at June 30, 2021. At June 30, 2021 there were 896 loans within repayment, deferment, and forbearance which represented $21,670,000, $5,893,000, and $12,706,000 in outstanding balances, respectively. Underwriting is premised on qualifying credit scores. The current weighted average credit score for the portfolio is in the mid-700s. In addition, there are non-student co-borrowers for roughly one-third of the portfolio that provide additional repayment capacity. Graduation and employment placement rates are high for both medical and pharmacy students. The average student loan balance per borrower as of June 30, 2021 is approximately $43,000. Loan interest rates range from 2.75% to 7.75%.

ZuntaFi is the third-party servicer for the student loan portfolio. ZuntaFi's services include application administration, processing, approval, documenting, funding, and collection. They also provide borrower file custodial responsibilities. Except in cases where applicants/loans do not meet program requirements, or extreme delinquency, ZuntaFi is responsible for complete program management. ZuntaFi is paid a monthly servicing fee based on the outstanding principal balance.

The Company held no loan participation purchases at Septemberclassifies student loans delinquent more than 90 days as substandard. As of June 30, 2016,2021 and December 31, 20162020 reserves against the student loan portfolio totaled $2,709,000 and $2,546,000, respectively. There were no TDRs within the portfolio as of June 30, 2021 or SeptemberDecember 31, 2020. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.2021, $16,000 and $44,000 in accrued interest receivable was reversed, due to charge-offs of $188,000 and $568,000, respectively, within the student loan portfolio. For three and six months ended June 30, 2020, $21,000 and $50,000 in accrued interest receivable was reversed, due to charge-offs of $446,000 and $947,000, respectively, within the student loan portfolio.

The following table sets forth the Bank's student loan portfolio with activity from December 31, 2020 to June 30, 2021:
(In thousands)
Student Loan Portfolio Balance as of December 31, 2020$57,385 
Disbursements— 
Capitalized Interest663 
Payments Received(4,820)
Loans Charged-off(568)
Student Loan Portfolio Balance as of June 30, 2021$52,660 

Loan participations purchased decreased to $9,668,000, or 1.15% of the portfolio, at June 30, 2021. Loan participations sold decreasedincreased from $7,632,000,$4,533,000, or 1.36%0.70%, of the portfolio at SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2020, to $7,548,000,$12,948,000, or 1.3%2.0%, of the portfolio, at December 31, 2016,2020, and increased to $9,069,000,$10,553,000, or 1.6%1.3%, of the portfolio, at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.

The following table sets forth the amounts of loans outstanding by category at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the category percentages as of those dates, and the net change between the two periods presented.

Table 5. Loans
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016    
(in 000's)Dollar Amount % of Loans Dollar Amount % of Loans Net Change % Change
Commercial and industrial$46,951
 8.1% $49,005
 8.6% $(2,054) (4.19)%
Real estate – mortgage290,462
 49.9% 288,200
 50.6% 2,262
 0.78 %
RE construction & development128,883
 22.1% 130,687
 22.9% (1,804) -1.38 %
Agricultural58,505
 10.0% 56,918
 10.0% 1,587
 2.79 %
Installment/other57,583
 9.9% 44,949
 7.9% 12,634
 28.11 %
Total Gross Loans$582,384
 100.0% $569,759
 100.0% $12,625
 2.22 %


Deposits


Total depositsDeposit balances totaled $725,298,000$1,090,442,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, representing an increase of $48,669,000,$137,791,000, or 7.19%14.46%, from the balance of $676,629,000$952,651,000 reported at December 31, 2016,2020, and an increase of $54,012,000,$197,330,000, or 8.05%22.09%, from the balance of $671,286,000$893,112,000 reported at SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020.


Table 7. Deposits

The following table sets forth the amounts of deposits outstanding by category at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, and the net change between the two periods presented.

51

Table 6. Deposits
(in 000's)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 
Net
Change
 
Percentage
Change
(in 000's)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020Net
Change
Percentage
Change
Noninterest bearing deposits$315,877
 $262,697
 $53,180
 20.24 %
Interest bearing deposits: 
  
  
  
Noninterest-bearing depositsNoninterest-bearing deposits$442,140 $391,897 $50,243 12.82 %
Interest-bearing deposits:Interest-bearing deposits:    
NOW and money market accounts262,037
 235,873
 26,164
 11.09 %NOW and money market accounts479,400 402,566 76,834 19.09 %
Savings accounts81,378
 75,068
 6,310
 8.41 %Savings accounts105,801 96,669 9,132 9.45 %
Time deposits: 
  
  
  
Time deposits:    
Under $250,00053,702
 87,419
 (33,717) -38.57 %Under $250,00041,075 40,302 773 1.92 %
$250,000 and over12,304
 15,572
 (3,268) -20.99 %$250,000 and over22,026 21,217 809 3.81 %
Total interest bearing deposits409,421
 413,932
 (4,511) -1.09 %
Total interest-bearing depositsTotal interest-bearing deposits648,302 560,754 87,548 15.61 %
Total deposits$725,298
 $676,629
 $48,669
 7.19 %Total deposits$1,090,442 $952,651 $137,791 14.46 %


The Company's deposit base consists of two major components represented by noninterest bearingnoninterest-bearing (demand) deposits and interest bearinginterest-bearing deposits, totaling $315,877,000$442,140,000 and $409,421,000$648,302,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, respectively. Interest bearing

Interest-bearing deposits consist of time certificates, NOW and money market accounts, and savings deposits. Total interest bearinginterest-bearing deposits decreased $4,511,000,increased $87,548,000, or 1.09%15.61%, between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, and noninterest bearingnoninterest-bearing deposits increased $53,180,000,increased $50,243,000, or 20.24%12.82%, between the same two periods presented. Included in the decreaseincrease of $4,511,000$87,548,000 in interest bearinginterest-bearing deposits during the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 2017,2021, are decreasesincreases of $36,985,000$9,132,000 in time deposits and $26,164,000savings accounts, $76,834,000 in NOW and money market accounts, offset byand increases of $6,310,000 in savings accounts and $26,164,000 in NOW and money market accounts. The decrease$1,582,000 in time deposits, is attributed to the maturities of $17,285,000 in brokered deposits and $18,413,000 in out-of-market time deposits.


Core deposits, as defined by the Company as consisting of all deposits other than time deposits of more than $250,000 and brokered deposits, continue to provide the foundation for the Company's principal sources of funding and liquidity. These core deposits amounted to 96.96%97.98% and 90.82% of the total deposit portfolio at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Brokered deposits totaled $9,755,000 at September 30, 2017, as compared to $28,132,000 at December 31, 2016, and $12,146,000 at September 30, 2016. Brokered deposits were 1.34% and 4.16%97.77% of total deposits at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, respectively. The Company held no brokered deposits at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020.


On a year-to-date average, the Company experienced an increase of $45,462,000,$195,676,000, or 7.13%23.24%, in total deposits between the ninesix months endedSeptember June 30, 20172021 and Septemberthe six months ended June 30, 2016.2020. Between these two periods, average interest bearinginterest-bearing deposits increased $30,499,000,increased $99,493,000, or 8.28%19.56%, and total noninterest-bearing deposits increased $14,963,000,increased $96,183,000, or 5.57%28.86%, on a year-to-date average basis.


Short-Term Borrowings


At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company had collateralized lines of credit with the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco totaling $283,948,000,$334,648,000, as well as Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) lines of credit totaling $14,400,000.$4,055,000. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company had uncollateralized lines of credit with both Pacific Coast Bankers Bank ("PCBB")(PCBB), Union Bank, and Zion's Bank, totaling $10,000,000,$50,000,000, $10,000,000, and $20,000,000, respectively. These lines of credit generally have interest rates tied to either the Federal Funds rate, short-term U.S. Treasury rates, or LIBOR. All lines of credit are on an “as available” basis and can be revoked by the grantor at any time. At SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2020, the Company had no outstanding borrowings. The Company had collateralized FRB lines of credit of $323,162,000,$336,788,000, collateralized FHLB lines of credit totaling $2,037,000,$4,881,000, and uncollateralized lines of credit of $10,000,000 with PCBB, $10,000,000 with Union Bank, and $20,000,000 with Zions Bank at December 31, 2016.2020.


Asset Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses


Lending money is the Company's principal business activity, and ensuring appropriate evaluation, diversification, and control of credit risks is a primary management responsibility. Losses are implicit in lending activities and the amount of such losses will vary, depending on the risk characteristics of the loan portfolio as affected by local economic conditions and the financial experience of borrowers.


The allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level deemed appropriate by management to provide for known and inherent risks in existing loans and commitments to extend credit. The adequacy of the allowance for credit losses is based upon management's continuing assessment of various factors affecting the collectability of loans and commitments to extend credit; including current economic conditions, past credit experience, collateral, and concentrations of credit. There is no precise method of predicting specific losses or amounts which may ultimately be charged off on particular segments of the loan portfolio. The conclusion that a loan may become uncollectible, either in part or in whole is subjective and contingent upon economic, environmental, and other conditions which cannot be predicted with certainty. When determining the adequacy of
52

Table of Content
the allowance for credit losses, the Company follows, in accordance with GAAP, the guidelines set forth in the Revised Interagency Policy Statement on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (“Statement”)(Statement) issued by banking regulators in December 2006. The Statement is a revision of the previous guidance released in July 2001, and outlines characteristics that should be used in segmentation of the loan portfolio for purposes of the analysis including risk classification, past due status, type of loan, industry or collateral. It also outlines factors to consider when adjusting the loss factors for various segments of the loan portfolio, and updates previous guidance that describes the responsibilities of the board of directors, management, and bank examiners regarding the allowance for credit losses. Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 102 was released during July 2001, and represents the SEC staff’s view relating to the incurred loss methodologies and supporting documentation for the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses that should be observed by all public companies in complying with the federal securities laws and the Commission’s interpretations.  It is also generally consistent with the guidance published by the banking regulators.



The allowance for loan losses includes an asset-specific component, as well as a general or formula-based component. The Company segments the loan and lease portfolio into eleven (11) segments, primarily by loan class and type, that have homogeneity and commonality of purpose and terms for analysis under the formula-based component of the allowance. Those loans which are determined to be impaired under current accounting guidelines are not subject to the formula-based reserve analysis, and evaluated individually for specific impairment under the asset-specific component of the allowance.


The Company’s methodology for assessing the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses consists of several key elements, which include:


- theThe formula allowance
- specificSpecific allowances for problem graded loans identified as impairedimpaired; and
- and theThe unallocated allowance


The formula allowance is calculated by applying loss factors to outstanding loans and certain unfunded loan commitments. Loss factors are based on the Company’s historical loss experience and on the internal risk grade of those loans, and may be adjusted for significant factors that, in management's judgment, affect the collectability of the portfolio as of the evaluation date. Factors that may affect collectability of the loan portfolio include:
 
Levels of, and trends in delinquencies and nonaccrual loans;
Trends in volumes and term of loans;
Effects of any changes in lending policies and procedures including those for underwriting, collection, charge-off, and recovery;
Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff;
National and local economic trends and conditions and;
Concentrations of credit that might affect loss experience across one or more components of the portfolio, including high-balance loan concentrations and participations.


Management determines the loss factors for problem graded loans (substandard, doubtful, and loss), special mention loans, and pass graded loans, based on a loss migration model. The migration analysis incorporates loan losses over the previous quarters as determined by management (time horizons adjusted as business cycles or environment changes) and loss factors are adjusted to recognize and quantify the loss exposure from changes in market conditions and trends in the Company’s loan portfolio. For purposes of this analysis, loans are grouped by internal risk classifications and categorized as pass, special mention, substandard, doubtful, or loss. Certain loans are homogeneous in nature and are therefore pooled by risk grade. These homogeneous loans include consumer installment and home equity loans. Special mention loans are currently performing but are potentially weak, as the borrower has begun to exhibit deteriorating trends which, if not corrected, could jeopardize repayment of the loan and result in further downgrades. Substandard loans have well-defined weaknesses which, if not corrected, could jeopardize the full satisfaction of the debt. A loan classified as doubtful has critical weaknesses that make full collection of the obligation improbable. Classified loans, as defined by the Company, include impaired loans and loans categorized as substandard, doubtful, and loss which are not considered impaired. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, impaired and classified loans totaled $28,214,000,$11,842,000, or 5.2%1.4%, of gross loans as compared to $29,838,000,$13,390,000, or 5.2%2.9%, of gross loans at December 31, 2016.2020.


The student loan portfolio is reviewed for allowance adequacy under the same guidelines as other loans in the Company's portfolio, with additional emphasis for specific risks associated with the portfolio. In general, the Company provides an additional reserve percentage for loans in forbearance and loans rated substandard.

Loan participations are reviewed for allowance adequacy under the same guidelines as other loans in the Company’s portfolio, with an additional participation factor added, if required, for specific risks associated with participations. In general,
53

Table of Content
participations are subject to certain thresholds set by the Company, and are reviewed for geographic location as well as the well-being of the underlying agent bank.


Specific allowances are established based on management’s periodic evaluation of loss exposure inherent in impaired loans. For impaired loans, specific allowances are determined based on the net realizable value of the underlying collateral, the net present value of the anticipated cash flows, or the market value of the underlying assets. Formula allowances for classified loans, excluding impaired loans, are determined on the basis of additional risks involved with individual loans that may be in excess of risk factors associated with the loan portfolio as a whole. The specific allowance is different from the formula allowance in that the specific allowance is determined on a loan-by-loan basis based on risk factors directly related to a particular loan, as opposed to the formula allowance which is determined for a pool of loans with similar risk characteristics, based on past historical trends and other risk factors which may be relevant on an ongoing basis.


The unallocated portion of the allowance is based upon management’s evaluation of various conditions that are not directly measured in the determination of the formula and specific allowances. The conditions may include, but are not limited to,

general economic and business conditions affecting the key lending areas of the Company, credit quality trends, collateral values, loan volumes and concentrations, and other business conditions.


Table 8. Allowance for Loan Losses

The following table summarizes the specific allowance, formula allowance, and unallocated allowance at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016,2020, as well as classified loans at those period-ends.
(in 000's)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Specific allowance – impaired loans$173 $209 
Formula allowance – classified loans not impaired36 100 
Formula allowance – special mention loans767 256 
Total allowance for special mention and classified loans976 565 
Formula allowance for pass loans7,851 7,682 
Unallocated allowance373 275 
Total allowance for loan losses$9,200 $8,522 
Impaired loans11,834 13,376 
Classified loans not considered impaired14 
Total classified loans / impaired loans$11,842 $13,390 
Special mention loans not considered impaired$35,205 $17,095 
(in 000's)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Specific allowance – impaired loans$1,741
 $1,360
Formula allowance – classified loans not impaired1,286
 1,226
Formula allowance – special mention loans385
 248
Total allowance for special mention and classified loans3,412
 2,834
    
Formula allowance for pass loans4,724
 5,371
Unallocated allowance1,022
 697
Total allowance for loan losses$9,158
 $8,902
    
Impaired loans15,338
 16,179
Classified loans not considered impaired12,876
 13,659
Total classified loans / impaired loans$28,214
 $29,838
Special mention loans not considered impaired$13,990
 $5,515


While impairedImpaired loans decreased $841,000$1,542,000 between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, and the specific allowance related to impaired loans increased $381,000decreased $36,000 between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017 due to the addition of a new highly reserved impaired Ag loan in the period.2021. The decrease in impaired loans is primarily due to a decrease in troubled debt restructures.non-performing loans. The formula allowance related to classified and special mention unimpaired loans increasedincreased by $197,000$447,000 between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. The unallocated allowance increased from $697,000$275,000 at December 31, 20162020 to $1,022,000$373,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. The increase in unallocated allowance is the result of declining historical loss factors. Although there has been a reduction in required loss reserves as economic conditions have improved, the Company has a concentration in loans to finance CRE, construction and land development activities not secured by real estate. These loans have inherently higher risk characteristics and management believes maintaining additional unallocated reserves to address the losses inherent losses in these loans is reasonable and appropriate. The level of “pass” loans increased approximately $5,972,000$169,474,000 between December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. The related formula allowance decreased $647,000increased $169,000 during the same period. Residential mortgage loans, which attributed to most of the increase in the level of pass loans, have lower credit risk. The formula allowance for “pass loans” is derived from the loan loss factors under migration analysis.


The Company’s methodology includes features that are intended to reduce the difference between estimated and actual losses. The specific allowance portion of the analysis is designed to be self-correcting by taking into account the current loan loss experience based on that portion of the portfolio. By analyzing the estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio on a quarterly basis, management is able to adjust specific and inherent loss estimates using the most recent information available. In performing the periodic migration analysis, management believes that historical loss factors used in the computation of the
54

Table of Content
formula allowance need to be adjusted to reflect current changes in market conditions and trends in the Company’s loan portfolio. There are a number of other factors which are reviewed when determining adjustments in the historical loss factors. Those factors includeinclude: 1) trends in delinquent and nonaccrual loans, 2) trends in loan volume and terms, 3) effects of changes in lending policies, 4) concentrations of credit, 5) competition, 6) national and local economic trends and conditions, 7) experience of lending staff, 8) loan review and Board of Directors oversight, 9) high balance loan concentrations, and 10) other business conditions.


The general reserve requirements (ASC 450-70) decreased with the continued strengthening of local, state, and national economies and their impact on our local lending base, which has resulted in a lower qualitative component for the general reserve calculation. These positive factors were partially offset by the Company including OREO financial results in loss history and extending the look back period used to capture the loss history for the quantitative portion of the ALLL. In the third quarter of 2013, the look back period was changed from 4 years toOur stake-in-the-ground (December 31, 2005), in an effort to include higher losses experienced during the credit crisis. Changes in the mix of historical losses in the look back period resulted in a reallocation of the general reserve component of the allowance amount within the various loan segments as compared to September 30, 2017, as loss experience by segment has fluctuated over time. The stake-in-the-ground

methodology requires the Company to use December 31, 2005 as the starting point of the look back period to capture loss history.history and better capture an entire economic cycle. Time horizons are subject to Management's assessment of the current period, taking into consideration changes in business cycles and environment changes.


Management and the Company’s lending officers evaluate the loss exposure of classified and impaired loans on a weekly/monthly basis. The Company’s Loan Committee, which includes four members of the Company's Board of Directors, meets weekly and serves as a forum to discuss specific problem assets that pose significant concerns to the Company, and to keep the Board of Directors informed through committee minutes.Company. All special mention and classified loans are reported quarterly on Problem Asset Reports and Impaired Loan Reports and are reviewed by senior management. Migration analysis and impaired loan analysis are performed on a quarterly basis and adjustments are made to the allowance as deemed necessary. The Board of Directors isreview the allowance for loan losses quarterly and are kept abreast of any changes or trends in problem assets on a monthly basis, or more often if required.


The specific allowance for impaired loans is measured based on the present value of the expected future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. The amount of impaired loans is not directly comparable to the amount of nonperforming loans disclosed later in this section. The primary differences between impaired loans and nonperforming loans are: i) all loan categories are considered in determining nonperforming loans while impaired loan recognition is limited to commercial and industrial loans, commercial and residential real estate loans, construction loans, and agricultural loans, and ii) impaired loan recognition considers not only loans 90 days or more past due, restructured loans and nonaccrual loans but may also include problem loans other than delinquent loans.


The Company considers a loan to be impaired when, based upon current information and events, it believes it is probable the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Impaired loans include nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructures, and performing loans in which full payment of principal or interest is not expected. Management bases the measurement of these impaired loans either on the fair value of the loan's collateral or the expected cash flows on the loansloan discounted at the loan's stated interest rates. Cash receipts on impaired loans not performing to contractual terms and that are on nonaccrual status are used to reduce principal balances. Impairment losses are included in the allowance for credit losses through a charge to the provision, if applicable.


In most cases, the Company uses the cash basis method of income recognition for impaired loans. In the case of certain troubled debt restructuring, for which the loan has been performing for a prescribed period of time under the current contractual terms, income is recognized under the accrual method. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, included in impaired loans, were troubled debt restructures totaling $12,150,000. Nonaccrual loans, totaling $5,124,000,$3,073,000, of which $2,661,000 were included in that balance.on nonaccrual. The remaining $412,000 in troubled debt restructures totaling $7,026,000, were considered current with regards to payments, and were performing according to their modified contractual terms.


Commercial and industrial loans and real estate mortgage loans, respectively, comprised approximately 24.04%1.31% and 25.71%3.04% of total impaired loan balances at SeptemberJune 30, 2017. Of the $3,687,0002021. The $155,000 in commercial and industrial impaired loans reported at SeptemberJune 30, 2017, two loans, with a total recorded investment2021, consisted of $286,000, were secured byone real estate.estate-secured loan. Specific collateral related to impaired loans is reviewed for current appraisal information, economic trends within geographic markets, loan-to-value ratios, and other factors that may impact the value of the loan collateral. Adjustments are made to collateral values as needed for these factors. Of total impaired loans at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, approximately $11,046,000,$11,455,000, or 72.0%96.8%, are secured by real estate. The majority of impaired real estate construction and development loans are for the purpose of residential construction, residential and commercial acquisition and development, and land development. Residential construction loans are made for the purpose of building residential 1-4 single family homes. Residential and commercial acquisition and development loans are made for the purpose of purchasing land, developing that land if required, and developing real estate or commercial construction projects on those properties. Land development loans are made for the purpose of converting raw land into construction-ready building sites.

Table 9. Impaired Loans and Specific Reserves

The following table summarizes the components of impaired loans and their related specific reserves at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016.

2020.
55

Table of Content
Impaired Loan Balance Reserve Impaired Loan Balance Reserve Impaired Loan BalanceReserveImpaired Loan BalanceReserve
(in 000’s)September 30, 2017 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016(in 000’s)June 30, 2021June 30, 2021December 31, 2020December 31, 2020
Commercial and industrial$3,687
 $571
 $5,009
 $757
Commercial and industrial$155 $— $466 $— 
Real estate – mortgage3,944
 427
 3,931
 603
Real estate – mortgage360 12 1,244 13 
RE construction & development6,816
 
 6,274
 
RE construction & development10,940 — 11,057 — 
Agricultural891
 743
 
 
Agricultural379 161 609 196 
Installment/other
 
 965
 
Total Impaired Loans$15,338
 $1,741
 $16,179
 $1,360
Installment and student loansInstallment and student loans— — — — 
Total impaired loansTotal impaired loans$11,834 $173 $13,376 $209 


Included in impaired loans are loans modified in troubled debt restructurings (TDRs), where concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties in an attempt to maximize collection. The Company makes various types of concessions when structuring TDRs including rate reductions, payment extensions, and forbearance. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, approximately $3,835,000$359,000 of the total $12,150,000$3,073,000 in TDRs was comprised of real estate mortgages. An additional $6,798,000$2,335,000 was related to real estate construction and development loans. There were no reserve amounts for real estate construction and development impaired loans and impaired installment loans at December 31, 20162020 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, due to the Companyvalue of the collateral securing collateral on those loans.
 
Total troubled debt restructurings decreased 2.10%decreased 10.30% between SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016.2020. Nonaccrual TDRs decreaseddecreased by 29.46% while7.96% and accruing TDRs increaseddecreased by 36.53%22.99% over the same period. Total residential mortgages and real estate construction TDRs increased slightly to 5.39%. Many of these credits are related to real estate projects that slowed significantly or stalled during the recession, leading the Company to pursue restructuring of the qualified credits allowing the real estate market time to recover and developers opportunity to finish projects at a slower pace. Concessions granted in these circumstances include lengthened maturities and/or rate reductions that enabled the borrower to finish the projects and may be entirely successful. In large part, current successes are relateddecreased $123,000 to a recovering real estate market.percentage total of 4.37%.


Table 10. TDRs

The following table summarizestables summarize TDRs by type, classified separately as nonaccrual or accrual, which are included in impaired loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016.2020.
Total TDRs Nonaccrual TDRs Accruing TDRs Total TDRsNonaccrual TDRsAccruing TDRs
(in 000's)September 30, 2017 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2017(in 000's)June 30, 2021June 30, 2021June 30, 2021
Commercial and industrial$630
 $250
 $381
Commercial and industrial$— $— $— 
Real estate - mortgage: 
  
  
Real estate mortgage:Real estate mortgage:   
Commercial real estate1,147
 466
 681
Commercial real estate— — — 
Residential mortgages2,688
 
 2,688
Residential mortgages359 — 359 
Total real estate mortgage3,835
 466
 3,369
Total real estate mortgage359 — 359 
RE construction & development6,798
 4,408
 2,389
RE construction & development2,335 2,335 — 
Agricultural887
 
 887
Agricultural379 326 53 
Total Troubled Debt Restructurings$12,150
 $5,124
 $7,026
Total troubled debt restructuringsTotal troubled debt restructurings$3,073 $2,661 $412 
 
 Total TDRsNonaccrual TDRsAccruing TDRs
 (in 000's)December 31, 2020December 31, 2020December 31, 2020
Commercial and industrial$— $— $— 
Real estate mortgage:   
Commercial real estate— — — 
Residential mortgages365 — 365 
Total real estate mortgage365 — 365 
RE construction & development2,452 2,452 — 
Agricultural609 439 170 
Total troubled debt restructurings$3,426 $2,891 $535 
 Total TDRs Nonaccrual TDRs Accruing TDRs
 (in 000's)December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016
Commercial and industrial$1,356
 $565
 $791
Real estate - mortgage: 
  
  
Commercial real estate1,454
 1,126
 328
Residential mortgages2,368
 
 2,368
Total real estate mortgage3,822
 1,126
 2,696
RE construction & development6,267
 4,608
 1,659
Installment/other965
 965
 
Total Troubled Debt Restructurings$12,410
 $7,264
 $5,146


Of the $12,150,000$3,073,000 in total TDRs at SeptemberJune 30, 2017, $5,124,0002021, $2,661,000 were on nonaccrual status at period-end. Of the $12,410,000$3,426,000 in total TDRs at December 31, 2016, $7,264,0002020, $2,891,000 were on nonaccrual status at period-end. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company has had
56

Table of Content
no commercial real estate (CRE) workouts whereby an existing loan was restructured into multiple new loans (i.e., A Note/B Note structure).
 
For aA restructured loan tomay return to accrual status there needs to be at leastafter 6 months successful payment history. In addition, the Company’s Credit Administrationhistory if continued satisfactory performance is expected. The Company typically performs a financial analysis of the credit to determine whether the borrower has the ability to continue to perform successfullymeet payments over the remaining life of the loan. This includes, but is not limited to, a review of financial statements and a cash flow analysis of the borrower. Only after determiningdetermination that the borrower has the ability to perform under the terms of the loans will the restructured credit be considered for accrual status.


Table 7.11. Credit Quality Indicators for Outstanding Student Loans

The following table summarizes the credit quality indicators for outstanding student loans as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 (in 000's, except for number of borrowers):
 June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
 Number of LoansAmountAccrued InterestNumber of LoansAmountAccrued Interest
School225 $7,844 $2,236 319 $12,905 $3,201 
Grace91 4,547 1,220 34 988 719 
Repayment475 21,670 544 623 28,906 292 
Deferment139 5,893 600 187 7,407 209 
Forbearance282 12,706 830 134 7,179 553 
Total1,212 $52,660 $5,430 1,297 $57,385 $4,974 

Included in installment loans are $52,660,000 and $57,385,000 in student loans at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, made to medical and pharmacy school students. Accrued interest on loans that had not entered repayment status totaled $4,886,000 at June 30, 2021 and $4,682,000 at December 31, 2020. At June 30, 2021 there were 896 loans within repayment, deferment, and forbearance which represented $21,670,000, $5,893,000, and $12,706,000, respectively. At December 31, 2020, there were 944 loans within repayment, deferment, and forbearance which represented $28,906,000, $7,407,000 and $7,179,000, respectively. As of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 the reserve against the student loan portfolio was $2,728,000 and $2,546,000, respectively.

Loan interest rates on the student loan portfolio range from 2.75% to 7.75% and 2.88% to 7.88% at June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Table 12. Nonperforming Assets
 
(in 000's)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Nonaccrual Loans (1)$5,145
 $7,264
Restructured Loans7,026
 5,146
Loans past due 90 days or more, still accruing
 
Total nonperforming loans12,171
 12,410
Other real estate owned5,745
 6,471
Total nonperforming assets$17,916
 $18,881
    
Nonperforming loans to total gross loans2.09% 2.18%
Nonperforming assets to total assets2.12% 2.40%
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans75.24% 71.73%
(1)Included in nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2017The following table summarizes the components of nonperforming assets as of June 30, 2021 and December 31, 2016 are restructured loans totaling $5,124,000 and $7,264,000, respectively.

Non-performing loans decreased $239,000 between December 31, 20162020 (in 000's), and September 30, 2017. Nonaccrualthe percentage of nonperforming assets to total gross loans, decreased $2,119,000 between December 31, 2016total assets, and September 30, 2017, with real estate mortgage and real estate construction loans comprising approximately 94.73% of totalthe allowance for loan losses:
(in 000's)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Nonaccrual loans (1)$11,265 $11,496 
Restructured loans412 535 
Loans past due 90 days or more, still accruing156 513 
Total nonperforming loans11,833 12,544 
Other real estate owned4,753 5,004 
Total nonperforming assets$16,586 $17,548 
Nonperforming loans to total gross loans1.41 %1.91 %
Nonperforming assets to total assets1.35 %1.61 %
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans77.75 %67.94 %
 (1) Included in nonaccrual loans at SeptemberJune 30, 2017. The reduction in nonaccrual2021 and December 31, 2020 are restructured loans istotaling $2,661 and $2,891, respectively.

57

Table of Content
Nonperforming assets, which are primarily attributedrelated to the real estate loan and other real estate owned portfolio, decreased $962,000 from a balance of $17,548,000 at December 31, 2020 to a payoffbalance of a $965,000$16,586,000 at June 30, 2021, and remained relatively high compared to peers during the six months ended June 30, 2021. The ratio of the allowance for loan and the migration of a $589,000 loanlosses to accrual. nonperforming loans increased from 67.94% at December 31, 2020 to 77.75% at June 30, 2021.

The following table summarizes the nonaccrual totals by loan category for the periods shown. The ratio of the allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans increased from 71.73% at December 31, 2016 to 75.24% at September 30, 2017.shown:
BalanceBalanceChange from
 (in 000's)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020December 31, 2020
Nonaccrual Loans:
Commercial and industrial$— $— $— 
Real estate - mortgage— — — 
RE construction & development10,940 11,057 (117)
Agricultural325 439 (114)
Installment and student loans— — — 
Total nonaccrual loans$11,265 $11,496 $(231)
 (in 000's)
 
Balance Balance Change from
Nonaccrual Loans:September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2016
Commercial and industrial$271
 $565
 $(294)
Real estate - mortgage466
 1,126
 (660)
RE construction & development4,408
 4,608
 (200)
Installment/other
 965
 (965)
Total Nonaccrual Loans$5,145
 $7,264
 $(2,119)


Loans past due more than 30 days receive increased management attention and are monitored for increased risk. The Company continues to move past due loans to nonaccrual status in an ongoing effort to recognize and address loan problems as early and most effectively as possible. As impaired loans, nonaccrual and restructured loans are reviewed for specific reserve allocations, the allowance for credit losses is adjusted accordingly.


Except for the nonaccrual loans included in the above table, or those included in the impaired loan totals, there were no loans at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 where the known credit problems of a borrower caused the Company to have serious doubts as to the ability of such borrower to comply with the present loan repayment terms and which would result in such loan being included as a nonaccrual, past due, or restructured loan at some future date.


Nonperforming assets, which are primarily related to the real estate loan and other real estate owned portfolio, decreased$965,000 from a balance of $18,881,000 at December 31, 2016 to a balance of $17,916,000 at September 30, 2017, but remained relatively high compared to peers during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Nonaccrual loans, totaling $5,145,000$11,265,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, decreased $2,119,000$231,000 from the balance of $7,264,000$11,496,000 reported at December 31, 2016.2020, with real estate mortgage and real estate construction loans comprising 97.11% of total nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2021. In determining the adequacy of the underlying collateral related to these loans, management monitors trends within specific geographical areas, loan-to-value ratios, appraisals, and other credit issues related to the specific loans. Impaired loans decreased $841,000$1,542,000 during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 to a balance of $15,338,000$11,834,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. Other real estate owned through foreclosure decreased to $5,745,000 for$4,753,000 at June 30, 2021 as compared to the period ended September 30, 2017 from the $6,471,000 balance of $5,004,000 recorded at December 31, 2016.2020. Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total assets decreased from 2.40%1.61% at December 31, 20162020 to 2.12%1.35% at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.


The following table summarizes various nonperforming components of the loan portfolio, the related allowance for credit losses and provision for credit losses for the periods shown.
(in 000's)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020June 30, 2020
Provision for credit losses year-to-date$1,201 $2,769 $2,134 
Allowance as % of nonperforming loans77.75 %67.94 %63.31 %
Nonperforming loans as % total loans1.41 %1.91 %2.15 %
Restructured loans as % total loans0.37 %0.52 %0.79 %
(in 000's)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2016
Recovery of provision for credit losses year-to-date$(24) $(21) $(7)
Allowance as % of nonperforming loans75.24% 71.73% 77.06%
      
Nonperforming loans as % total loans2.09% 2.18% 2.07%
Restructured loans as % total loans2.09% 2.18% 2.00%


Management continues to monitor economic conditions in the real estate market for signs of further deterioration or improvement which may impact the level of the allowance for loan losses required to cover identified losses in the loan portfolio. Greater focusFocus has been placed on monitoring and reducing the level of problem assets, while working with borrowers to find more options, including loan restructures, to work through these difficult economic times.restructures. Restructured loan balances are comprised of 296 loans totaling $12,150,000$3,073,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, compared to 287 loans totaling $12,410,000$3,426,000 at December 31, 2016.

2020.
 
58

Table of Content
The following table summarizes special mention loans by type at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and December 31, 2016.2020.
(in thousands)September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016(in thousands)June 30, 2021December 31, 2020
Commercial and industrial$2,635
 $4,416
Commercial and industrial$— $1,307 
Real estate - mortgage: 
  
Real estate mortgage:Real estate mortgage:  
Commercial real estate8,541
 621
Commercial real estate22,401 14,343 
Residential mortgages647
 
Residential mortgages— — 
Total real estate mortgage9,188
 621
Total real estate mortgage22,401 14,343 
RE construction & development2,609
 928
RE construction & development— — 
Agricultural985
 
Agricultural12,804 1,434 
Total Special Mention Loans$15,417
 $5,965
Installment and student loansInstallment and student loans— 11 
Total special mention loansTotal special mention loans$35,205 $17,095 
 
The Company focuses on competition and other economic conditions within its market area and other geographical areas in which it does business, which may ultimately affect the risk assessment of the portfolio. The Company continues to experience increased competition from major banks, local independents and non-bank institutions which creates pressure on loan pricing. Low interest rates and a weak economy continue to dominate, even as real estate prices show signs of stabilization and interest rates have begun to rise. The Company continues to place increased emphasis on reducing both the level of nonperforming assets and the level of losses on the disposition of these assets. It is in the best interest of both the Company and the borrowers to seek alternative options to foreclosure in an effort to reduce the impacts on the real estate market. As part of this strategy, the Company has increased its level ofenters into troubled debt restructurings, when it makes economic sense.improves collection prospects. While business and consumer spending showhave shown improvement in recent quarters, current GDP remains anemic. Itover the last several years, it is difficult to forecast whatthe impact Federal Reserve actions to hold rates lowCOVID-19 ultimately will have on the economy. Local unemployment rates in the San Joaquin Valley have improved but remain elevated compared with other regions and historically are higher as a result of the area's agricultural dynamics. The Company believes that the Central San Joaquin Valley will continue to grow and diversify as property and housing costs remain low relative to other areas of the state.businesses have reopened. Management recognizes the increased risk of loss due to the

Company's exposure to local and worldwide economic conditions, as well as potentially volatile real estate markets, and takes these factors into consideration when analyzing the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses.


The following table provides a summary of the Company's allowance for possible credit losses, provisions made to that allowance, and charge-off and recovery activity affecting the allowance for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020.


59

Table of Content
Table 8.13. Allowance for Credit Losses - Summary of Activity
 
(in 000's)September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016(in 000's)June 30, 2021June 30, 2020
Total loans outstanding at end of period before deducting allowances for credit losses$583,601
 $560,651
Total loans outstanding at end of period before deducting allowances for credit losses$842,049 $648,650 
Average loans outstanding during period565,068
 532,133
Average loans outstanding during period716,162 619,950 
   
Balance of allowance at beginning of period8,902
 9,713
Balance of allowance at beginning of period8,522 7,908 
Loans charged off: 
  
Loans charged-off:Loans charged-off:  
Real estate(2) (29)Real estate— (252)
Commercial and industrial(106) (846)Commercial and industrial— — 
Installment and other(12) (20)
Total loans charged off(120) (895)
Recoveries of loans previously charged off: 
  
AgriculturalAgricultural— — 
Installment and student loansInstallment and student loans(580)(956)
Total loans charged-offTotal loans charged-off(580)(1,208)
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off:Recoveries of loans previously charged-off:  
Real estate73
 50
Real estate11 
Commercial and industrial195
 51
Commercial and industrial39 13 
Installment and other132
 6
Installment and student loansInstallment and student loans
Total loan recoveries400
 107
Total loan recoveries57 28 
Net loans recovered (charged off)280
 (788)
Net loans charged-offNet loans charged-off(523)(1,180)
   
Recovery of provision charged to operating expense(24) (7)
Provision charged to operating expenseProvision charged to operating expense1,201 2,134 
Balance of allowance for credit losses at end of period$9,158
 $8,918
Balance of allowance for credit losses at end of period$9,200 $8,862 
   
Net loan (recoveries) charge offs to total average loans (annualized)(0.07)% 0.20%
Net loan (recoveries) charge offs to loans at end of period (annualized)(0.10)% 0.19%
Net loan charged-off to total average loans (annualized)Net loan charged-off to total average loans (annualized)0.15 %0.38 %
Net loan charged-off to loans at end of period (annualized)Net loan charged-off to loans at end of period (annualized)0.06 %0.05 %
Allowance for credit losses to total loans at end of period1.57 % 1.59%Allowance for credit losses to total loans at end of period1.09 %1.37 %
Net loan (recoveries) charge offs to allowance for credit losses (annualized)(6.11)% 35.34%
Provision for credit losses to net (charge offs) recoveries (annualized)(11.43)% 1.18%
Net loan charged-off to allowance for credit losses (annualized)Net loan charged-off to allowance for credit losses (annualized)1.42 %3.33 %
Provision for credit losses to net charged-off (annualized)Provision for credit losses to net charged-off (annualized)(459.27)%(361.69)%


Provisions for credit losses are determined on the basis of management's periodic credit review of the loan portfolio, consideration of past loan loss experience, current and future economic conditions, and other pertinent factors. Management believes its estimate of the allowance for credit losses adequately covers estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio and, based on the condition of the loan portfolio, management believes the allowance is sufficient to cover risk elements in the loan portfolio. For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, the recovery of2021, a $1,201,000 provision forwas recorded to the allowance for credit losses was $24,000 as compared to a recovery of$2,134,000 provision of $7,000recorded for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020.


Net recoveriescharge-offs during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 totaled $280,000$523,000 as compared to net charge-offs of $788,000$1,180,000 for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The Company charged-off, or had partial charge-offs on 349 loans during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as compared to 1126 loans during the same period ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2020, and 1328 loans during the year ended December 31, 2016.2020. The annualized percentage of net recoveriescharge-offs to average loans were 0.07%was 0.15% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 0.15%2021. Annualized percentage net charge-offs were 0.09% for the year ended December 31, 2016, as compared to2020. Annualized percentage net charge-offs of 0.20%recoveries were 0.38% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The Company's loans net loansof unearned fees increased from $560,651,000$648,650,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 20162020 to $583,601,000$842,049,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.



The allowance at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 was 1.57%1.09% of outstanding loan balances at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, as compared to 1.56%1.30% at December 31, 2016,2020, and 1.59%1.37% at SeptemberJune 30, 2016. The increase in the allowance as a percentage of outstanding loan balances between December 31, 20162020.

At June 30, 2021 and SeptemberJune 30, 2017 is primarily attributed to increases in specific reserves due to newly impaired loans.

At September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, $370,000 and $316,000, respectively, of the formula allowance is allocated to2020, unfunded loan commitmentscommitment reserves of $538,000 and is, therefore,$584,000, respectively, were reported separately in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet.liabilities. Management believes that the 1.57%1.09% credit loss allowance at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 is adequate to absorb known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. No assurance can be given, however, regarding economic conditions or other circumstances which may adversely affect the Company's service areas and result in future losses to the loan portfolio.

60

Table of Content


Asset/Liability Management – Liquidity and Cash Flow


The primary functionfunctions of asset/liability management isare to provide adequate liquidity and maintain an appropriate balance between interest-sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities. In a changing-rate environment, the net interest spread between interest-sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities can shrink or expand significantly, impacting earnings . For example, when the amount of interest-sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest-sensitive liabilities within specified time periods, net interest income will generally be positively impacted by an increasing interest rate environment and negatively impacted by a decreasing interest rate environment.


Liquidity


Liquidity management may be described as the ability to maintain sufficient cash flows to fulfill financial obligations, including loan funding commitments and customer deposit withdrawals, without straining the Company’s equity structure. To maintain an adequate liquidity position, the CompanyBank relies on, in addition to cash and cash equivalents, cash inflows from deposits and short-term borrowings, repayments of principal on loans and investments, and interest income received. The Company'sBank's principal cash outflows are for loan origination, purchases of investment securities, depositor withdrawals and payment of operating expenses.


The CompanyBank continues to emphasize liability management as part of its overall asset/liability strategy. Through the discretionary acquisition of short term borrowings, the CompanyBank has, when needed, been able to provide liquidity to fund asset growth while, at the same time, better utilizing its capital resources, and better controlling interest rate risk.  This does not preclude the CompanyBank from selling assets such as investment securities to fund liquidity needs but, with favorable borrowing rates, the CompanyBank has maintained a positive yield spread between borrowed liabilities and the assets which those liabilities fund. If, at some time, rate spreads become unfavorable, the CompanyBank has the ability to utilize an asset management approach and, either control asset growth or fund further growth with maturities or sales of investment securities. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the CompanyBank had no borrowings, as its deposit base currently provides funding sufficient to support its asset values.


The Company'sBanks liquid asset base which generally consists of cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, securities purchased under agreements to resell (“reverse repos”)(reverse repos) and investment securities, is maintained at a level deemed sufficient to provide the cash outlay necessary to fund loan growth as well asand accommodate any customer deposit runoff that may occur. Additional liquidity requirements may be funded with overnight or term borrowing arrangements with various correspondent banks, FHLB and the Federal Reserve Bank. Within this framework is the objective of maximizing the yield on earning assets. This is generally achieved by maintaining a high percentage of earning assets in loans, which historically have represented the Company's highest yielding asset. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the loan portfolio totaled 69.19%68.4% of total assets and the loan to deposit ratio was 79.20%76.4%, compared to 72.44%59.9% and 83.05%67.8%, respectively, at December 31, 2016.2020. Liquid assets at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, included cash and cash equivalents totaling $159,892,000$160,908,000 as compared to $113,032,000$294,069,000 at December 31, 2016.2020. Other sources of liquidity include collateralized lines of credit from the Federal Home Loan Bank, and from the Federal Reserve Bank totaling $298,348,000$338,703,000 and uncollateralized lines of credit from Pacific Coast Banker's Bank (PCBB) of $10,000,000,$50,000,000, Union Bank of $10,000,000, and Zion's Bank of $20,000,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.


The liquidity of the parent company,Holding Company, United Security Bancshares, is primarily dependent on the payment of cash dividends by its subsidiary, United Securitythe Bank, subject to limitations imposed by the Financial Code of the State of California. During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Holding Company has received $3,109,000$3,945,000 in cash dividends from the Bank.


Cash Flow


The period-end balances of cash and cash equivalents for the periods shown are as follows (from Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – in 000’s):



  (in 000's)Balance
December 31, 2019$218,995 
June 30, 2020$229,541 
December 31, 2020$294,069 
June 30, 2021$160,908 

61

  (in 000's)Balance
December 31, 2015$125,751
September 30, 2016$111,747
December 31, 2016$113,032
September 30, 2017$159,892
Table of Content

Cash and cash equivalents increased $46,860,000decreased $133,161,000 during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, compared to a decreasean increase of $14,004,000$10,546,000 during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020.


The Company had a net cash inflow from operating activities of $4,660,000$5,857,000 for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and a cash inflow from operations totaling $6,025,000$8,116,000 for the six month period ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2020. The Company experienced net cash outflows from investing activities of $4,787,000$273,062,000 related to a $12,346,000$186,215,000 increase in loan balances partially offset by principal payments onand purchases of available-for-sale securities of $6,091,000 and proceeds from$97,325,000. During the sale of OREO of $1,062,000 during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021, the Company purchased $145,717,000 in residential mortgage loans. For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2020, the Company experienced net cash outflows from investing activities of $69,516,000 due an$68,584,000 related to a $53,461,000 increase of $41,303,000 in loan balances and and purchases of $34,987,000 in available-for-sale securities.securities of $27,971,000.


During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company experienced net cash inflows from financing activities totaling $46,987,000,$134,044,000, primarily as the result of increases of $85,653,000$136,210,000 in demand deposits and savings accounts, partially offset by cash dividends paid. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company experienced net cash inflows of $71,014,000 primarily as the result of increases of $76,476,000 in demand deposits and savings accounts, offset by decreases of $36,984,000$1,727,000 in time deposits and purchased brokered deposits. For the nine months endedSeptember 30, 2016, the Company experienced net cash inflows of $49,487,000 from financing activities due to increases in demand deposit accounts, time deposits, and savings accounts.dividends paid.


The Company has the ability to increase or decrease loan growth, increase or decrease deposits and borrowings, or a combination of both to manage balance sheet liquidity.


Regulatory Matters

Termination of Regulatory Agreements

Effective April 12, 2017, the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (the “Reserve Bank”) terminated the informal supervisory agreement with the Company (the “Agreement”) that required, among other things, that the Company obtain prior regulatory approval to accept dividends from the Bank, to pay dividends to its shareholders, or to pay interest on the Company’s junior subordinated debt. The Agreement had replaced a previous formal supervisory agreement with the Reserve Bank effective November 19, 2014.
Effective October 19, 2016, the California Department of Business Oversight (the “DBO”) terminated the informal memorandum of understanding (“MOU”) the Bank had entered into on September 24, 2013, replacing a previous formal order. The MOU required the Bank to maintain a ratio of tangible shareholder’s equity to total tangible assets equal to or greater than 9.0% and also required the DBO’s approval for the Bank to pay a dividend to the Company.


Capital Adequacy


The Company (on a consolidated basis) and the Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements adopted by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Board of Governors”).  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandates and possible additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.  Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework, for prompt corrective action, the consolidated Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors. Prompt corrective action provisions are not applicable to bank holding companies.

Quantitative measures established by the capital adequacy guidelines require insured institutions to maintain a minimum leverage ratio of Tier 1 capital (the sum of common stockholders' equity, noncumulative perpetual preferred stock and minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries, minus intangible assets, identified losses and investments in certain subsidiaries, plus unrealized losses or minus unrealized gains on available for sale securities) to total assets. Institutions which have received the

highest composite regulatory rating and which are not experiencing or anticipating significant growth are required to maintain a minimum leverage capital ratio of 3% of Tier 1 capital to total assets. All other institutions are required to maintain a minimum leverage capital ratio of at least 100 to 200 basis points above the 3% minimum requirement.


The Company has adopted a capital plan that includes guidelines and trigger points to ensure sufficient capital is maintained at the Bank and the Company, and that capital ratios are maintained at a level deemed appropriate under regulatory guidelines given the level of classified assets, concentrations of credit, ALLL, current and projected growth, and projected retained earnings. The capital plan also contains contingency strategies to obtain additional capital as required to fulfill future capital requirements for both the Bank, as a separate legal entity, and the Company on a consolidated basis. The capital plan requires the Bank to maintain a ratio of tangible shareholder’sshareholders' equity to total tangible assets equal to or greater than 9.0%9%. The Bank’s ratio of tangible shareholders’ equity to total tangible assets was 12.5%10.0% and 12.7%12.4% at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021 and 2016,2020, respectively.


The Company uses a variety of measures to evaluate its capital adequacy, including the leverage ratios which is calculated separately for the Company and the Bank. Management reviews these capital measurements on a quarterly basis and takes appropriate action to help ensure that they meet or surpass established internal and external guidelines. The following table sets forth the Company’s and the Bank's actual capital positions at SeptemberJune 30, 20172021:

Table 14. Capital Ratios
Ratios at June 30, 2021Ratios at December 31, 2020Minimum Requirement to be Well CapitalizedMinimum requirement for Community Bank Leverage Ratio (1) (2)
Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets ("Leverage Ratio")
Company10.28%11.37%5.00%8.50%
Bank10.11%11.17%5.00%8.50%
(1) The minimum required Community Bank Leverage Ratio is 9.00%, but the CARES Act temporarily lowers this to 8.50% as well asdescribed below.
62

(2) If the subsidiary bank’s Leverage Ratio exceeds the minimum ratio under the Community Bank Leverage Ratio Framework, it is deemed to be “well capitalized” under all other regulatory capital requirements. The Company may revert back to the regulatory framework for Prompt Corrective Action if the subsidiary bank’s Leverage Ratio falls below the minimum under the Community Bank Leverage Ratio Framework.

The federal banking agencies published a final rule on November 13, 2019, that provided a simplified measure of capital adequacy for qualifying community banking organizations. A qualifying community banking organization that opts into the community bank leverage ratio framework and maintains a leverage ratio greater than 9 percent will be considered to have met the minimum capital requirements, the capital ratio requirements for the well capitalized category under the Prompt Corrective Action framework, and any other capital or leverage requirements to which the qualifying banking organization is subject. A qualifying community banking organization with a leverage ratio of greater than 9 percent may opt into the community bank leverage ratio framework if it has average consolidated total assets of less than $10 billion, has off-balance-sheet exposures of 25% or less of total consolidated assets, and has total trading assets and trading liabilities of 5 percent or less of total consolidated assets. Further, the bank must not be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions (Bank required only) under the regulatory guidelines discussed above:an advance approaches banking organization.

Table 9. Capital Ratios
 Ratio at September 30, 2017 Ratio at December 31, 2016 Minimum for Capital Adequacy Minimum requirement for "Well Capitalized" Institution
Total capital to risk weighted assets       
Company17.97% 17.26% 8.00% N/A
Bank17.85% 17.19% 8.00% 10.00%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets       
Company16.72% 16.01% 6.00% N/A
Bank16.60% 15.94% 6.00% 8.00%
Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets       
Company15.29% 14.68% 4.50% N/A
Bank16.60% 15.94% 4.50% 6.50%
Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets (leverage)       
Company12.96% 12.97% 4.00% N/A
Bank12.95% 12.99% 4.00% 5.00%

The Federal Reserve and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation approved final capital rules in July 2013, that substantially amend the existing capital rules for banks. These new rules reflect, in part, certain standards initially adopted by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision in December 2010 (commonly referred to as “Basel III”) as well as requirements encompassed by the Dodd-Frank Act.
The final rules set a new common equity tierrule became effective January 1, requirement2020 and higher minimum tierbanks that met the qualifying criteria could elect to use the community bank leverage framework starting with the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The CARES Act reduced the required community bank leverage ratio to 8% for 2020, 8.5% for 2021, and 9%, beginning January 1, requirements for all banking organizations.2022. The federal bank regulatory agencies adopted an interim final rules also require a Common Equity Tier 1 capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets which is in additionrule to implement this change from the other minimum risk-based capital standardsCARES Act. The Company and the Bank meet the criteria outlined in the rule. The capital buffer requirement will be phased in over three years beginning in 2016, and will effectively raise the minimum required Common Equity Tier 1 RBC Ratio to 7.0%, the Tier 1 RBC Ratio to 8.5%,final rule and the Total RBC Ratio to 10.5% on a fully phased-in basis. Institutions that do not maintaininterim final rule and have adopted the required capital buffer will become subject to progressively more stringent limitations oncommunity bank leverage ratio framework in the percentage of earnings that can be paid out in dividends or used for stock repurchases, and on the payment of discretionary bonuses to executive management. The rules revise the prompt corrective action framework to incorporate the new regulatory capital minimums. They also enhance risk sensitivity and address weaknesses identified over recent years with the measure of risk-weighted assets.third quarter 2020.

As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company and the Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. Management believes that, under the current regulations, both will continue to meet their minimum capital requirements in the foreseeable future.


Dividends


Dividends paid to shareholders by the Holding Company are subject to restrictions set forth in the California General
Corporation Law. As applicable to the Holding Company, the California General Corporation Law provides that the Holding Company may make a distribution to its shareholders if retainedearnings immediately prior to the dividend payout are at least equal to the amount of the proposed distribution or if immediately after the distribution, the value of the Holding Company’s assets would equal or exceed the sum of its total liabilities. The primary source of funds with which dividends will be paid to shareholders will come from cash dividends received by the Company from the Bank.


On April 25, 2017, the Board of Directors announced the authorization of the repurchase of up to $3,000,000 of the outstanding stock of the Holding Company. This amount represents 3%2.5% of total shareholders' equity of $101,108,000$118,365,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021. The timing of the purchases will depend on certain factors including, but not limited to, market conditions and prices, available funds, and alternative uses of capital. The stock repurchase program may be carried out through open-market purchases, block trades, or negotiated private transactions. During the threesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Company did not repurchase any of the shares available.


During the nine month periodsix months ended Septemberended June 30, 2017,2021, the Bank paid $3,109,000$3,945,000 in cash dividends to the Holding Company which funded the Holding Company’s operating costs and payments of interest on its junior subordinated debt, alldebt.

On June 22, 2021, the Company’s Board of which were approved byDirectors declared a cash dividend of $0.11 per share on the Reserve Bank andCompany's common stock. The dividend was payable on July 16, 2021, to shareholders of record as of July 6, 2021. Approximately $1,871,000 was transferred from retained earnings to dividends payable to allow for distribution of the DBO,dividend to shareholders.

On March 26, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.11 per share on the Company's common stock. The dividend was payable on April 16, 2021, to shareholders of record as applicable.of April 6, 2021. Approximately $1,876,000 was transferred from retained earnings to dividends payable to allow for distribution of the dividend to shareholders.


The Bank, as a state-chartered bank, is subject to dividend restrictions set forth in the California Financial Code, as administered by the Commissioner of the DBO (“Commissioner”)Department of Financial Protection and Innovation (Commissioner). As applicable to the Bank, the Financial Code provides that the Bank may not pay cash dividends in an amount which exceeds the lesser of the retained earnings of the Bank or the Bank’s net income for the last three fiscal years (less the amount of distributions to the Holding Company during that period of time). If the above test is not met, cash dividends may only be paid with the prior approval of the Commissioner, in an amount not exceeding the Bank’s net income for its last fiscal year or the amount of its net
63

Table of Content
income for the current fiscal year. Such restrictions do not apply to stock dividends, which generally require neither the satisfaction of any tests nor the approval of the Commissioner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Commissioner finds that the shareholder's equity of the Bank is not adequate or that the declaration of a dividend would be unsafe or unsound, the Commissioner may order the Bank not to pay any dividend. The Reserve Bank may also limit dividends paid by the Bank.


Reserve Balances


The Bank is required to maintain average reserve balances with the Federal Reserve Bank. During 2005, the Company implemented a deposit reclassification program which allows the Company to reclassify a portion of transaction accounts to non-transaction accounts for reserve purposes. The deposit reclassification program is provided by a third-party vendor and has been approved by the Federal Reserve Bank. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the Bank was not subject to a reserve requirement.




Item 3  - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

The Company’s assessment of market risk as of June 30, 2021 indicates there are no material changes in the quantitative and qualitative disclosures from those in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures


Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures


The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
 
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures was carried out. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.



Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting


There have not been any changes in the Company's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2021, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
The Company does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will prevent all error and fraud.  A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control procedure are met.  Because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected.  These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns in controls or procedures can occur because of simple error or mistake.  Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control.  The design of any control procedure is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control procedure, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.



64

Table of Content
PART II. Other Information


Item 1.Legal Proceedings


Not applicableThe Company is involved in various legal proceedings in the normal course of business. In the opinion of Management, any liability resulting from such proceedings would not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.
 
Item 1A.Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
None during the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2021.
 
Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities


Not applicable
 
Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures


Not applicable
 
Item 5.Other Information


Not applicable
 
Item 6.Exhibits:


(a)Exhibits:
(a)11Exhibits:
 
* Data required by Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 260, Earnings per Share, is provided in Note 810 to the consolidated financial statements in this report.

65

Signatures


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

United Security Bancshares
Date:November 2, 2017July 30, 2021/S/ Dennis R. Woods
Dennis R. Woods
President and
Chief Executive Officer
/S/ Bhavneet Gill
Bhavneet Gill
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

6366