Table of Contents



UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q


☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023


2024

OR


☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


For the transition period from _______ to _______


Commission file number: 000-25927


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Michigan


38-3391345

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)


(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)


10753 Macatawa Drive, Holland, Michigan 49424

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)


Registrant’s

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (616) 820-1444


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class


Trading Symbol


Name of each exchange on which registered


Common stock


MCBC

MCBC

NASDAQ


NASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act:


Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company ☒

Emerging Growth Company ☐


If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐No ☒


The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’sissuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 34,292,29434,361,562 shares of the Company’sCompany's Common Stock (no par value) were outstanding as of April 27, 2023.



25, 2024.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’smanagement's beliefs, assumptions, current expectations, estimates and projections about the financial services industry, the economy, and Macatawa Bank Corporation.Corporation ("Macatawa" or the "Company"). Forward-looking statements are identifiable by words or phrases such as “outlook”, “plan” or “strategy”; that an event or trend “could”, “may”, “should”, “will”, “is likely”, or is “possible” or “probable” to occur or “continue”, has “begun” or “is scheduled” or “on track” or that the Company or its management “anticipates”, “believes”, “estimates”, “plans”, “forecasts”, “intends”, “predicts”, “projects”, or “expects” a particular result, or is “committed”, “confident”, “optimistic” or has an “opinion” that an event will occur, or other words or phrases such as “ongoing”, “future”, “signs”, “efforts”, “tend”, “exploring”, “appearing”, “until”, “near term”, “concern”, “going forward”, “focus”, “starting”, “initiative,” “trend” and variations of such words and similar expressions. Such statements are based upon current beliefs and expectations and involve substantial risks and uncertainties which could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These statements include, among others, those related to future levels of earning assets, future composition of our loan portfolio, trends in credit quality metrics, future capital levels and capital needs, real estate valuation, future levels of repossessed and foreclosed properties and nonperforming assets, future levels of losses and costs associated with the administration and disposition of repossessed and foreclosed properties and nonperforming assets, future levels of loan charge-offs, future levels of other real estate owned, future levels of provisions for loancredit losses and reserve recoveries, the rate of asset dispositions, future dividends, future growth and funding sources, future cost of funds, future liquidity levels, future profitability levels, future interest rate levels, future net interest margin levels, the effects on earnings of changes in interest rates, future economic conditions, future effects of new or changed accounting standards, future loss recoveries, loan demand and loan growth, future amounts of unrecognized tax benefits, the future level of other revenue sources and future amounts of unrealized gains or losses in our investment securities portfolio. Management’sManagement's determination of the provision and allowance for loancredit losses, the appropriate carrying value of intangible assets (including deferred tax assets) and other real estate owned, and the fair value of investment securities (including whether any impairment on any investment security is temporary or other-than-temporary and the amount of any impairment) involves judgments that are inherently forward-looking. All statements with references to future time periods are forward-looking. All of the information concerning interest rate sensitivity is forward-looking. Our ability to sell other real estate owned at its carrying value or at all, successfully implement new programs and initiatives, increase efficiencies, maintain our current levels of deposits and other sources of funding, maintain liquidity, respond to declines in collateral values and credit quality, respond to a changing interest rate environment, increase loan volume, originate high quality loans, maintain or improve mortgage banking income, realize the benefit of our deferred tax assets, continue payment of dividends and improve profitability is not entirely within our control and is not assured. The future effect of changes in the real estate, financial and credit markets, interest rates and the national and regional economy on the banking industry, generally, and Macatawa, Bank Corporation, specifically, are also inherently uncertain.

In addition, forward-looking statements include statements regarding the outlook and expectations of Macatawa with respect to its planned merger with Wintrust Financial Corporation ("Wintrust") pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger dated April 15, 2024 (the "Merger Agreement"), the strategic benefits and financial benefits of the merger, including the expected impact of the transaction on the combined company's future financial performance and the timing of the closing of the transaction.

These statements reflect current beliefs as to the expected outcomes of future events and are not guarantees of future performance andperformance.  These statements involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions (“risk factors”) that are difficult to predict with regard to timing, extent, likelihood and degree of occurrence. Therefore, actual results and outcomes may materially differ from what may be expressed, implied or forecasted in such forward-looking statements. Furthermore, Macatawa Bank Corporation does not undertake any obligation to update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements, to reflectwhether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.  Such risks, uncertainties and assumptions, include, among others, the impact of circumstances or events that may arise after the date of the forward-looking statements.


Riskfollowing:

the failure to obtain necessary regulatory approvals when expected or at all (and the risk that such approvals may result in a materially burdensome regulatory condition (as defined in the Merger Agreement));

the failure of Macatawa to obtain shareholder approval, or for either party to satisfy any of the other closing conditions to the transaction on a timely basis or at all;

the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the right of one or both of the parties to terminate the Merger Agreement;

the possibility that the anticipated benefits of the transaction are not realized when expected or at all, including as a result of the impact of, or problems arising from, the integration of the two companies or as a result of the strength of the economy, competitive factors in the areas where Macatawa and Wintrust do business, or as a result of other unexpected factors or events;

the impact of purchase accounting with respect to the transaction, or any change in the assumptions used regarding the assets purchased and liabilities assumed to determine their fair value;

diversion of management’s attention from ongoing business operations and opportunities;

potential adverse reactions or changes to business or employee relationships, including those resulting from the announcement or completion of the transaction; and

the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against Macatawa or Wintrust.

Additional risk factors include, but are not limited to, the risk factors described in “ItemItem 1A - Risk Factors” of ourin Macatawa's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. These2023 and other factors are representativein any of Macatawa's subsequent SEC filings, and in Item 1A in Wintrust's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the risk factors that may emergeyear ended December 31, 2023 and could cause a difference between an ultimate actual outcome and a preceding forward-looking statement.


in any of Wintrust's subsequent SEC filings. 

INDEX




Page

Number




Part I.

Financial Information:

 

 

Item 1.



4





10





Item 2.



40

43





Item 3.



53

58





Item 4.



54

59




Part II.

Other Information:






Item 2.



55

60





Item 6. Exhibits


60


55




56

61



Part IFinancial Information

Part I Financial Information

Item 1.

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

As of March 31, 20232024 (unaudited) and December 31, 2022

2023

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

ASSETS

        

Cash and due from banks

 $27,081  $32,317 

Federal funds sold and other short-term investments

  331,400   418,035 

Cash and cash equivalents

  358,481   450,352 

Debt securities available for sale, at fair value

  491,214   508,798 

Debt securities held to maturity (fair value 2024 - $291,651 and 2023 - $322,098)

  300,751   331,523 

Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock

  10,211   10,211 

Loans held for sale, at fair value

      

Total loans

  1,342,208   1,338,386 

Allowance for credit losses

  (17,440)  (17,442)

Net loans

  1,324,768   1,320,944 

Premises and equipment – net

  38,971   38,604 

Accrued interest receivable

  10,266   8,976 

Bank-owned life insurance

  54,535   54,249 

Deferred tax asset - net

  7,385   7,202 

Other assets

  18,324   17,840 

Total assets

 $2,614,906  $2,748,699 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

        

Deposits

        

Noninterest-bearing

 $614,325  $643,035 

Interest-bearing

  1,670,076   1,772,695 

Total deposits

  2,284,401   2,415,730 

Other borrowed funds

  20,000   30,000 

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

  17,532   15,884 

Total liabilities

  2,321,933   2,461,614 

Commitments and contingent liabilities

        

Shareholders' equity

        

Common stock, no par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 34,361,562 issued and outstanding, respectively

  220,421   220,255 

Retained earnings

  96,471   89,760 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  (23,919)  (22,930)

Total shareholders' equity

  292,973   287,085 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

 $2,614,906  $2,748,699 


  
March 31,
2023
  
December 31,
2022
 
ASSETS      
Cash and due from banks $29,402  $51,215 
Federal funds sold and other short-term investments  391,336   703,955 
Cash and cash equivalents  420,738   755,170 
Debt securities available for sale, at fair value  525,959   499,257 
Debt securities held to maturity (fair value 2023 - $335,559 and 2022 - $332,650)
  348,387   348,765 
Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) stock  10,211   10,211 
Loans held for sale, at fair value  87   215 
Total loans  1,220,939   1,177,748 
Allowance for credit losses  (16,794)  (15,285)
Net loans  1,204,145   1,162,463 
Premises and equipment – net  40,249   40,306 
Accrued interest receivable  8,782   7,606 
Bank-owned life insurance  53,557   53,345 
Other real estate owned - net     2,343 
Net deferred tax asset  8,471   9,712 
Other assets  16,567   17,526 
Total assets $2,637,153  $2,906,919 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY        
Deposits        
Noninterest-bearing $690,444  $834,879 
Interest-bearing  1,640,451   1,780,263 
Total deposits  2,330,895   2,615,142 
Other borrowed funds  30,000   30,000 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities  15,690   14,739 
Total liabilities  2,376,585   2,659,881 
Commitments and contingent liabilities      
Shareholders’ equity        
Common stock, no par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 34,292,294 and 34,298,640 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022
  219,733   219,578 
Retained earnings  67,092   59,036 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
  (26,257)  (31,576)
Total shareholders’ equity  260,568   247,038 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $2,637,153  $2,906,919 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


-4-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

Three month periodsperiod ended March 31, 20232024 and 2022

2023

(unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Interest income

        

Loans, including fees

 $19,171  $15,660 

Securities

        

Taxable

  4,428   4,481 

Tax-exempt

  698   698 

FHLB Stock

  120   65 

Federal funds sold and other short-term investments

  4,660   6,362 

Total interest income

  29,077   27,266 

Interest expense

        

Deposits

  8,221   4,494 

Other borrowings

  129   156 

Total interest expense

  8,350   4,650 

Net interest income

  20,727   22,616 

Provision (benefit) for credit losses

      

Net interest income after provision (benefit) for credit losses

  20,727   22,616 

Noninterest income

        

Service charges and fees

  1,003   994 

Net gains on mortgage loans

  8   11 

Trust fees

  1,220   1,033 

ATM and debit card fees

  1,583   1,662 

BOLI income

  274   199 

Other

  572   629 

Total noninterest income

  4,660   4,528 

Noninterest expense

        

Salaries and benefits

  6,950   6,698 

Occupancy of premises

  999   1,137 

Furniture and equipment

  1,062   1,031 

Legal and professional

  664   348 

Marketing and promotion

  211   219 

Data processing

  1,084   955 

FDIC assessment

  330   330 

Interchange and other card expense

  406   384 

Bond and D&O Insurance

  122   122 

Other

  1,417   941 

Total noninterest expenses

  13,245   12,165 

Income before income tax

  12,142   14,979 

Income tax expense

  2,349   2,975 

Net income

 $9,793  $12,004 
         

Basic and diluted earnings per common share

 $0.29  $0.35 

Cash dividends per common share

 $0.09  $0.08 


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Interest income      
Loans, including fees $15,660  $10,397 
Securities        
Taxable  4,481   1,434 
Tax-exempt  698   732 
FHLB Stock  65   51 
Federal funds sold and other short-term investments  6,362   529 
Total interest income  27,266   13,143 
Interest expense        
Deposits  4,494   158 
Other borrowings  156   320 
Total interest expense  4,650   478 
Net interest income  22,616   12,665 
Provision for credit losses
     (1,500)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses  22,616   14,165 
Noninterest income        
Service charges and fees  994   1,211 
Net gains on mortgage loans  11   308 
Trust fees  1,033   1,088 
ATM and debit card fees  1,662   1,599 
Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income  199   240 
Other  629   519 
Total noninterest income  4,528   4,965 
Noninterest expense        
Salaries and benefits  6,698   6,289 
Occupancy of premises  1,137   1,172 
Furniture and equipment  1,031   1,016 
Legal and professional  348   194 
Marketing and promotion  219   195 
Data processing  955   884 
FDIC assessment  330   180 
Interchange and other card expense  384   373 
Bond and D&O Insurance  122   130 
Other  941   1,306 
Total noninterest expenses  12,165   11,739 
Income before income tax  14,979   7,391 
Income tax expense  2,975   1,391 
Net income $12,004  $6,000 
Basic earnings per common share $0.35  $0.18 
Diluted earnings per common share $0.35  $0.18 
Cash dividends per common share $0.08  $0.08 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


-5-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

Three month periodsperiod ended March 31, 20232024 and 2022

2023

(unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Net income

 $9,793  $12,004 

Other comprehensive income (loss):

        

Unrealized gains (losses):

        

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities available for sale

  (1,246)  6,738 

Amortization of net unrealized gains on securities transferred to held-to-maturity

  (5)  (5)

Tax effect

  262   (1,414)

Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities available for sale, net of tax

  (989)  5,319 
         

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

  (989)  5,319 

Comprehensive income

 $8,804  $17,323 


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Net income $12,004  $6,000 
Other comprehensive income (loss):        
Unrealized gains (losses):        
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities available for sale  6,738   (15,119)
Net unrealized gain at time of transfer on securities transferred to held-to-maturity
     113 
Amortization of net unrealized gains on securities transferred to held-to-maturity  (5)  (6)
Tax effect  (1,414)  3,153 
Net change in unrealized gains (losses) on debt securities available for sale, net of tax  5,319   (11,859)
Less: reclassification adjustments:        
Reclassification for gains included in net income      
Tax effect      
Reclassification for gains included in net income, net of tax      
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax  5,319   (11,859)
Comprehensive income (loss)
 $17,323  $(5,859)

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


-6-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Three month periodsperiod ended March 31, 20232024 and 2022

2023

(unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


          

Accumulated

     
          

Other

  

Total

 
  

Common

  

Retained

  

Comprehensive

  

Shareholders'

 
  

Stock

  

Earnings

  

Income (Loss)

  

Equity

 

Balance, January 1, 2023

 

$219,578

  

$59,036

  

$(31,576

)  

Adoption of ASU 2016-13, net of tax

     (1,215)     (1,215)

Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2023

     12,004      12,004 

Cash dividends at $0.08 per share

     (2,733)     (2,733)

Repurchase of 1,338 shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock

  (15)        (15)

Other comprehensive income, net of tax

        5,319   5,319 

Stock compensation expense

  170         170 

Balance, March 31, 2023

 $219,733  $67,092  $(26,257) $260,568 
                 
                 

Balance, January 1, 2024

 $220,255  $89,760  $(22,930) $287,085 

Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2024

     9,793      9,793 

Cash dividends at $0.09 per share

     (3,082)     (3,082)

Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock

            

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

        (989)  (989)

Stock compensation expense

  166         166 

Balance, March 31, 2024

 $220,421  $96,471  $(23,919) $292,973 


  
Common
Stock
  
Retained
Earnings
  
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
  
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 
Balance, January 1, 2022
 $219,082  $35,220  $(297) $254,005 
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2022
     6,000      6,000 
Cash dividends at $0.08 per share
     (2,728)     (2,728)
Repurchase of 1,338 shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock
  (13)  
   
   (13)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
        (11,859)  (11,859)
Stock compensation expense  197         197 
Balance, March 31, 2022
 $219,266  $38,492  $(12,156) $245,602 

Balance, January 1, 2023
 $219,578  $59,036  $(31,576) $247,038 
Adoption of ASU 2016-13, net of tax
    
(1,215)    
(1,215)
Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2023
     12,004      12,004 
Cash dividends at $0.08 per share
     (2,733)     (2,733)
Repurchase of 1,338 shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock
  (15)        (15)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax        5,319   5,319 
Stock compensation expense  170         170 
Balance, March 31, 2023
 $219,733  $67,092  $(26,257) $260,568 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


-7-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Three month periods ended March 31, 20232024 and 2022

2023

(unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Cash flows from operating activities

        

Net income

 $9,793  $12,004 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:

        

Depreciation and amortization

  477   160 

Stock compensation expense

  166   170 

Provision (benefit) for credit losses

      

Origination of loans for sale

  (402)  (179)

Proceeds from sales of loans originated for sale

  410   318 

Net gains on mortgage loans

  (8)  (11)

Net gain on sales of other real estate

     (356)

Deferred income tax expense

  80   150 

Bank-owned life insurance

  (274)  (199)

Change in accrued interest receivable and other assets

  (1,774)  (217)

Change in accrued expenses and other liabilities

  1,648   889 

Net cash from operating activities

  10,116   12,729 

Cash flows from investing activities

        

Loan originations and payments, net

  (3,824)  (43,158)

Purchases of securities available for sale

     (24,072)

Purchases of securities held to maturity

  (2,399)  (3,966)

Proceeds from:

        

Maturities and calls of securities available for sale

  13,313   1,626 

Maturities and calls of securities held to maturity

  32,512   1,126 

Principal paydowns on securities available for sale

  3,413   2,878 

Principal paydowns on securities held to maturity

  312   3,197 

Sales of other real estate

     2,699 

Additions to premises and equipment

  (903)  (496)

Net cash from (for) investing activities

  42,424   (60,166)

Cash flows from financing activities

        

Change in deposits

  (131,329)  (284,247)

Repayments and maturities of other borrowed funds

  (10,000)   

Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock

     (15)

Cash dividends paid

  (3,082)  (2,733)

Net cash for financing activities

  (144,411)  (286,995)

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

  (91,871)  (334,432)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

  450,352   755,170 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 $358,481  $420,738 


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Cash flows from operating activities      
Net income $12,004  $6,000 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash from operating activities:        
Depreciation and amortization  160   737 
Stock compensation expense  170   197 
Provision for credit losses     (1,500)
Origination of loans for sale  (179)  (10,148)
Proceeds from sales of loans originated for sale  318   11,008 
Net gains on mortgage loans  (11)  (308)
Net gain on sales of other real estate  (356)   
Deferred income tax expense
  150   456 
Earnings in bank-owned life insurance  (199)  (240)
Change in accrued interest receivable and other assets  (217)  504 
Change in accrued expenses and other liabilities  889   (551)
Net cash from operating activities  12,729   6,155 
Cash flows from investing activities        
Loan originations and payments, net  (43,158)  7,318 
Purchases of securities available for sale  (24,072)  (72,557)
Purchases of securities held to maturity  (3,966)  (28,120)
Proceeds from:        
Maturities and calls of securities available for sale
  1,626   5,187 
Maturities and calls of securities held to maturity
  1,126   31,238 
Principal paydowns on securities available for sale
  2,878   4,554 
Principal paydowns on securities held to maturity
  3,197   2,667 
Sales of other real estate  2,699    
Redemption of FHLB stock
     1,347 
Additions to premises and equipment  (496)  (235)
Net cash from investing activities  (60,166)  (48,601)
Cash flows from financing activities        
Change in deposits  (284,247)  4,339 
Repayments and maturities of other borrowed funds     (25,000)
Proceeds from other borrowed funds     25,000 
Repurchase of shares for taxes withheld on vested restricted stock  (15)  (13)
Cash dividends paid  (2,733)  (2,728)
Net cash from financing activities  (286,995)  1,598 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents  (334,432)  (40,848)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period  755,170   1,151,788 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $420,738  $1,110,940 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


-8-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

Three month periods ended March 31, 20232024 and 2022

2023

(unaudited)

(Dollars in thousands)


  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Supplemental cash flow information

        

Interest paid

 $8,334  $4,307 

Income taxes paid

      


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Supplemental cash flow information      
Interest paid $4,307  $481 
Supplemental noncash disclosures:        
Security settlement     5,747 
Transfer of securities from available for sale to held to maturity     123,469 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

-9-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
-9-NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Index
(Unaudited)

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Macatawa Bank Corporation (“("the Company”Company", “our”"our", “we”"we") and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Macatawa Bank (“("the Bank”Bank"). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.


Macatawa Bank is a Michigan chartered bank with depository accounts insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”("FDIC"). The Bank operates 26 full service branch offices providing a full range of commercial and consumer banking and trust services in Kent County, Ottawa County, and northern Allegan County, Michigan.


Recent EventsEvents::  In early March 2023, over   On April 15, 2024, the course of five days, three large financial institutionsCompany entered into a definitive merger agreement with Wintrust Financial Corporation (“Wintrust”) (Nasdaq: WTFC) for Wintrust to acquire the Company in an all-stock transaction.  Subject to possible adjustment as provided in the United States failed.  Silvergate Bank self liquidatedmerger agreement, the aggregate purchase price to the Company's shareholders is estimated to be approximately $510.3 million, or $14.85 per share.  In the merger, each share of the Company's common stock outstanding will be converted into the right to receive merger consideration paid in shares of Wintrust common stock. 

The exchange ratio used to determine the number of shares to be issued will be subject to a symmetrical $12.00 collar using a reference price of $101.03 for Wintrust common stock to establish the high and Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank were both closed bylow ends of the FDIC. These bank failures were driven by rapid withdrawals by depositors with large uninsured balances held at these institutions and losses incurred by these banks in liquidating their bond portfolios to provide liquidity to fund these deposit outflows.   Silvergate Bank’s failure was also caused by its exposure to FTX and Alameda cryptocurrency firm failures.collar.  The FDIC determinedexchange ratio will be variable within the collar, such that Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank were systemically important and fully guaranteed their depositor balances aboveif the $250,000 FDIC insurance limit.  Givenclosing price is within the sharp increase in market interest rates during 2022 and into 2023, most financial institutions’ bond portfolios have significant unrealized loss positions.  In response to this,collar, the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”) created a new borrowing facility calledaggregate value of the Bank Term Funding Program.  This program allows a bank to borrow against its investment portfolio, at par value, with no reduction for unrealized losses.  The term is for one year and interest rate ismerger consideration will be fixed at approximately $510.3 million; and if the time the advanceclosing price is taken and there is no prepayment penalty.  Allowable investments for pledge are those the FRB can own.  This would include alloutside of the Company’s investment securities except municipal securities and corporate bonds.  At March 31, 2023,collar, the Company had no advances under this program and had $642.2 million in unused borrowing capacity under this program.  The program expires on March 11, 2024.


At March 31, 2023, the Company had $391.3 million in federal funds sold and overnight balances and had borrowing capacity of $951 million, including $242.3 million in unused availability with the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), $65.0 million in available fed funds facilities with correspondent banks, $1.5 million in availabilityexchange ratio will be a fixed amount both at the FRB Discount Windowhigh and low ends of the collar, resulting in the aggregate value of the merger consideration being variable outside of the collar. 

If the closing Price is greater than or equal to $89.03 but less than or equal to $113.03, Macatawa shareholders will be entitled to receive between 0.1314 and 0.1668 shares of Wintrust common stock per share of Macatawa common stock. Macatawa shareholders will be entitled to receive 0.1668 shares of Wintrust common Stock per share of Macatawa common stock if the closing price is below $89.03, and 0.1314 shares of Wintrust common stock per share of Macatawa common stock if the closing price is above $113.03.  The “closing price” will be determined using the volume-weighted average price of Wintrust common stock as reported under the heading “Bloomberg VWAP” on the Bloomberg page for Wintrust, for each trading day during the ten trading day period ending on the second trading day prior to the closing date of the merger.

Following the effective time of the merger, the Company's bank subsidiary, Macatawa Bank, will maintain its separate bank charter and will continue to operate under the Macatawa Bank name.  Macatawa Bank will maintain a separate, legally constituted board of directors consisting of certain existing directors and new directors generally residing and doing business locally in the West Michigan community.  Completion of the merger is subject to shareholder and regulatory approvals and the $642.2 millionsatisfaction of other customary closing conditions and is expected to occur in the FRB Bank Term Funding Program discussed above.  At March 31, 2023, these liquidity sources exceededsecond half of 2024.

Additional information about the amount ofmerger may be found in the Company’s uninsured deposit balances.


Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 15, 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X.S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring accruals) believed necessary for a fair presentation have been included.


Operating results for the three month period ended March 31, 20232024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’sCompany's Annual Report on Form 10-K10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.


2023.

Use of Estimates: To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and future results could differ. The allowance for credit losses and fair values of financial instruments are particularly subject to change.


-10-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES(Continued)

FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, 2016-13,as amended, Financial Instruments—InstrumentsCredit Losses (Topic 326)326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU, commonly referred to as Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”("CECL"), provides financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date by replacing the incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The new guidance eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold and, instead, reflects an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses. The new guidance broadens the information that an entity must consider in developing its expected credit loss estimate for assets measured either collectively or individually to include forecasted information, as well as past events and current conditions. There is no specified method for measuring expected credit losses, and an entity is allowed to apply methods that reasonably reflect its expectations of the credit loss estimate. Although an entity may still use its current systems and methods for recording the allowance for credit losses, under the new rules, the inputs used to record the allowance for credit losses generally will need to change to appropriately reflect an estimate of all expected credit losses and the use of reasonable and supportable forecasts. FASB also issued ASU 2022-02, 2022-02,Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures.Disclosures. This standard eliminated the previous accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings and added additional disclosure requirements for gross chargeoffs by year of origination. It also prescribes guidance for reporting modifications of loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty


difficulty.

The Company adopted these standards as required on January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with the probable incurred loss accounting standards.CECL. The transition adjustment of the CECL adoption included an increase in the allowance for loans of $1.5 million and an increase of $62,000 to establish a reserve for unfunded commitments, with a $1.2 million decrease to retained earnings, with the $323,000 income tax portion being recorded as part of the deferred tax asset in the Company’sCompany's Consolidated Balance Sheet.


Allowance for Credit Losses (“ACL”) - Loans: The allowance for credit losses (allowance) is a valuation account that is deducted from the loan portfolios’ amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on loans.  The allowance is increased by the provision for credit losses and recoveries, and decreased by charge-offs of loans. Management believes the allowance balance to be adequate based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, past loan loss experience, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, current and forecasted economic conditions and other relevant factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged-off. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Management continues its collection efforts on previously charged-off balances and applies recoveries as additions to the allowance for loan losses.

The allowance is measured on a collective pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist.  Loans with similar risk characteristics are grouped into homogeneous segments, or pools, for allowance calculation.  Commercial loans are divided into eight segments based primarily on property type and risk characteristics.  They are further segmented based on commercial loan risk grade. Retail loans are segmented into categories including residential mortgage, home equity, unsecured and other secured and then further segmented based on delinquency status.

The Company’s loan portfolio classes as of March 31, 2023 were as follows:
Commercial Loans:
Commercial and Industrial - Risks to this category include industry concentration and limitations associated with monitoring the adequacy and condition of collateral which can include inventory, accounts receivable, and other non-real estate assets.  Equipment and inventory obsolescence can also pose a risk.  Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.
Residential developed - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area, inadequate long-term financing arrangements and velocity of sales.   Loans in this category are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates as well as market demand and supply of similar property.   Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.

-11-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)
Unsecured to residential developers - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area and velocity of sales.   Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.
Vacant and unimproved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of farm land, agricultural properties and residential properties as well as velocity of sales.   Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.  Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Commercial development - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, lease terms, occupancy/vacancy rates and velocity of sales.   Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.  Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Residential improved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area and velocity of sales.   Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.  Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Commercial improved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, lease terms, occupancy/vacancy rates, cost overruns, changes in market demand for property or services and velocity of sales.   Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.  Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Manufacturing and industrial - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties,  changes in market demand for products produced and velocity of sales.   Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.  Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.
Consumer Loans:
Residential mortgage - Residential mortgage loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates and declining real estate values.
Unsecured - Unsecured loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates.
Home equity - Home equity loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates and declining real estate values.
Other secured - Other secured loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates, regulatory risks as well as the inability to monitor collateral consisting of personal property.




The remaining life methodology is used for all loan pools.  This nondiscounted cash flow approach projects an estimated future amortized cost basis based on current loan balance and repayment terms.  Given the bank’s limited loss history over the past twelve years, a loss rate computed for a comparable sized peer group (banks with assets between $1-3 billion) is then applied to future loan balances at the instrument level based on the remaining contractual life adjusted for amortization, prepayment and default to develop a baseline lifetime loss.  The baseline lifetime loss is adjusted for changes in macroeconomic conditions over the reasonable and supportable forecast period and reversion periods.

-12-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Reasonable and supportable economic forecasts have to be incorporated in determining expected losses.  The forecast period represents the time frame from the current period end through the point in time that the Company can reasonably forecast. Ideally, the economic forecast period would cover the contractual terms of all loans; however, the ability to produce a forecast that is both reasonable and supportable becomes more difficult the longer the period is projected.

For periods beyond the forecast period, the loss rate reverts back to the long term historical loss average.  As of January 1, 2023 and March 31, 2023, the Company used a one-year reasonable and supportable economic forecast period, with a six-month straight-line reversion period for all loan segments.  In determining the reasonable and supportable economic forecast period, the Company used a consensus economic forecast from a third-party provider that provided forecasts from twenty five leading economists.  The Company considered the March 2023 report’s consensus/mean estimates for gross domestic product and unemployment rates and selected a loss period for the reasonable and supportable forecast period that most closely matched that consensus (December 2006 to September 2007).  At adoption of CECL on January 1, 2023, the Company considered the December 2022 report for these same metrics and used a loss period from September 2007 to December 2007.  The effect of changing the loss period from that used at January 1, 2023 to March 31, 2023 was a reduction in the historical loss rate used at March 31, 2023.
A number of qualitative factors are considered including economic forecast uncertainty, credit quality trends, valuation trends, concentration risk, quality of loan review, changes in personnel, impact of rising interest rates, external factors and other considerations.  During each reporting period, management also considers the need to adjust the baseline lifetime loss rates for factors that may cause expected losses to differ from those experienced in the historical loss periods.

The Company is also required to consider expected credit losses associated with loan commitments over the contractual period in which it is exposed to credit risk on the underlying commitments.  Any allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures is reported as an other liability on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet and is increased or decreased via other noninterest expense on the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Income.  The calculation includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and forecasted credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over their estimated lives.  The allowance is calculated using the same methodology, inputs and assumptions as the funded portion of loans at the segment level applied to the amount of commitments expected to be funded.

Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance.  Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income over the respective term of the loan using the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments.  Accrued interest on loans totaled $3.8 million at March 31, 2023 and $4.0 million at December 31, 2022.

Accrued interest receivable for loans is included as a separate line item on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.  The Company elected not to measure an allowance for accrued interest receivable and instead elected to reverse accrued interest income on loans that are placed on nonaccrual status.  The Company believes this policy results in the timely reversal of uncollectible interest.

Interest income on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 120 days past due.  Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan.  In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful.  Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days still on accrual include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans.

All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income.  Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual.  Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

Securities: Securities are classified as held to maturity (“HTM”("HTM") and carried at amortized cost when management has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Securities available for sale (“AFS”("AFS") consist of those securities which might be sold prior to maturity due to changes in interest rates, prepayment risks, yield and availability of alternative investments, liquidity needs or other factors. Securities classified as AFS are reported at their fair value and the related unrealized gain or loss is reported in other comprehensive income, net of tax.


Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or discount. Premiums and discounts on securities are amortized on the level yield method without anticipating prepayments. Gains and losses on sales are based on the amortized cost of the security sold. Accrued interest receivable on securities totaled $4.5$4.4 million at March 31, 20232024 and $3.4 million at December 31, 2022.2023.


-13-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
- 10-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)


ACL - Securities Available for Sale - For securities AFS in an unrealized loss position, management determines whether they intend to sell or if it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of the amortized cost basis. If either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the security’ssecurity's amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income with an allowance being established under CECL.  For securities AFS with unrealized losses not meeting these criteria, management evaluates whether any decline in fair value is due to credit loss factors.  In making this assessment, management considers any changes to the rating of the security by rating agencies and adverse conditions specifically related to the issuer of the security, among other factors.  If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security.  If the present value of the cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses (“ACL”("ACL") is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis.  Changes in the ACL under ASC 326-30326-30 are recorded as provisions for (or reversal of) credit loss expense.  Losses are charged against the allowance when the collectability of a debt security AFS is confirmed or when either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met.  Any impairment that has not been recorded through an ACL is recognized in other comprehensive income, net of income taxes.  The Company has never experienced a loss on any debt securities AFS.  At March 31, 2023 and at adoption of CECL on January 1, 2023,2024, there was no ACL related to debt securities AFS.  Accrued interest receivable on debt securities was excluded from the estimate of credit losses.

ACL - Securities Held to Maturity - Since the adoption of CECL, the Company measures credit losses on HTM securities on a collective basis by major security type with each type sharing similar risk characteristics and considers historical credit loss information that is adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The ACL on securities HTM is a contra asset valuation account that is deducted from the carrying amount of HTM securities to present the net amount expected to be collected.  HTM securities are charged off against the ACL when deemed uncollectible.  Adjustments to the ACL are reported in the Company’sCompany's Consolidated Statements of Income in the provision for credit losses.  Accrued interest receivable on HTM securities is excluded from the estimate of credit losses.  With regard to US Treasury securities, these have an explicit government guarantee; therefore, no ACL is recorded for these securities.  With regard to obligations of states and political subdivisions and other HTM securities, management considers (1)(1) issuer bond ratings, (2)(2) historical loss rates for given bond ratings, (3)(3) the financial condition of the issuer, and (4)(4) whether issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments under the contractual terms of the securities.  The Company has never experienced any loss on HTM securities.  At March 31, 2023 and at adoption of CECL on January 1, 2023,2024, there was no ACL related to securities HTM.

Allowance for Credit Losses ("ACL") - Loans: Since the adoption of CECL, the allowance for credit losses (allowance) is a valuation account that is deducted from the loan portfolios' amortized cost basis to present the net amount expected to be collected on loans.  The allowance is increased by the provision for credit losses and recoveries and decreased by charge-offs of loans. Management believes the allowance balance to be adequate based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, past loan loss experience, information about specific borrower situations and estimated collateral values, current and forecasted economic conditions and other relevant factors. Allocations of the allowance may be made for specific loans, but the entire allowance is available for any loan that, in management’s judgment, should be charged-off. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when management believes the uncollectability of a loan balance is confirmed. Management continues its collection efforts on previously charged-off balances and applies recoveries as additions to the allowance.

The allowance is measured on a collective pool basis when similar risk characteristics exist.  Loans with similar risk characteristics are grouped into homogeneous classes, or pools, for allowance calculation.  Commercial loans are divided into eight classes based primarily on property type and risk characteristics.  They are further segmented based on commercial loan risk grade.  Retail loans are segmented into categories including residential mortgage, home equity, unsecured and other secured and then further segmented based on delinquency status.

The Company's loan portfolio classes as of March 31, 2024 were as follows:

Commercial Loans:

Commercial and Industrial - Risks to this category include industry concentration and limitations associated with monitoring the adequacy and condition of collateral which can include inventory, accounts receivable, and other non-real estate assets. Equipment and inventory obsolescence can also pose a risk. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.

Residential developed - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area, inadequate long-term financing arrangements and velocity of sales. Loans in this category are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates as well as market demand and supply of similar property. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.

Unsecured to residential developers - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt.

Vacant and unimproved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of farmland, agricultural properties and residential properties as well as velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.

Commercial development - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, lease terms, occupancy/vacancy rates and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.

Residential improved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of residential properties, inventory of homes for sale in the market area and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.

Commercial improved - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, lease terms, occupancy/vacancy rates, cost overruns, changes in market demand for property or services and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.


- 11-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Manufacturing and industrial - Risks to this category include industry concentration, valuation of commercial properties, changes in market demand for products produced and velocity of sales. Declines in general economic conditions and other events can cause cash flows to fall to levels insufficient to service debt. Declines in real estate values and lack of suitable alternative use for the properties are also risks for loans in this category.

Consumer Loans:

Residential mortgage - Residential mortgage loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates and declining real estate values.

Unsecured - Unsecured loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates.

Home equity - Home equity loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates and declining real estate values.

Other secured - Other secured loans are susceptible to weakening general economic conditions and increases in unemployment rates, regulatory risks as well as the inability to monitor collateral consisting of personal property.

The remaining life methodology is used for all loan pools. This nondiscounted cash flow approach projects an estimated future amortized cost basis based on current loan balance and repayment terms. Given the bank's limited loss history over the past twelve years, a loss rate computed for a comparable sized peer group (banks with assets between $1-3 billion) is then applied to future loan balances at the instrument level based on the remaining contractual life adjusted for amortization, prepayment and default to develop a baseline lifetime loss. The baseline lifetime loss is adjusted for changes in macroeconomic conditions over the reasonable and supportable forecast period and reversion periods.

Reasonable and supportable economic forecasts have to be incorporated in determining expected losses. The forecast period represents the time frame from the current period end through the point in time that the Company can reasonably forecast. Ideally, the economic forecast period would cover the contractual terms of all loans; however, the ability to produce a forecast that is both reasonable and supportable becomes more difficult the longer the period is projected.

For periods beyond the forecast period, the loss rate reverts back to the baseline lifetime loss.  As of March 31, 2024, the Company used a one-year reasonable and supportable economic forecast period, with a two-quarter straight-line reversion period for all loan classes.  In determining the reasonable and supportable economic forecast period, the Company used a consensus economic forecast from a third-party provider that provided forecasts from twenty-five leading economists.  The Company considered the March  31,2024 report's consensus/mean estimates for gross domestic product and unemployment rates and selected a loss period for the reasonable and supportable forecast period that most closely matched that consensus.

A number of qualitative factors are considered including economic forecast uncertainty, credit quality trends, valuation trends, concentration risk, quality of loan review, changes in personnel, impact of rising interest rates, external factors and other considerations. During each reporting period, management also considers the need to adjust the baseline lifetime loss rates for factors that may cause expected losses to differ from those experienced in the historical loss periods.

The Company is also required to consider expected credit losses associated with loan commitments over the contractual period in which it is exposed to credit risk on the underlying commitments unless the obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. Any allowance for off-balance sheet credit exposures is reported as an other liability on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet and is increased or decreased via a provision for credit losses on the Company's Consolidated Statement of Income. The calculation includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and forecasted credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over their estimated lives. The allowance is calculated using the same methodology, inputs and assumptions as the funded portion of loans at the segment level applied to the amount of commitments expected to be funded.

- 12-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized in interest income over the respective term of the loan using the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. Accrued interest on loans totaled $4.8 million at March 31, 2024 and $5.3 million at December 31, 2023.

Accrued interest receivable for loans is included as a separate line item on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company elected not to measure an allowance for accrued interest receivable and instead elected to reverse accrued interest income on loans that are placed on nonaccrual status. The Company believes this policy results in the timely reversal of uncollectible interest.

Interest income on mortgage and commercial loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the loan is well-secured and in process of collection. Consumer loans are typically charged off no later than 120 days past due. Past due status is based on the contractual terms of the loan. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is considered doubtful. Nonaccrual loans and loans past due 90 days still on accrual include both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment and individually classified impaired loans.

All interest accrued but not received for loans placed on nonaccrual is reversed against interest income. Interest received on such loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured.

Income Taxes:Taxes: Income tax expense is the sum of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities, computed using enacted tax rates. AThe Company records a valuation allowance if needed, reduceswhen management believes it is "more likely than not" that deferred tax assets to the amount expected towill not be realized.


The Company recognizes a tax position as a benefit only if it is “more"more likely than not”not" that the tax position would be sustained in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more"more likely than not”not" test, no tax benefit is recorded. The Company recognizes interest andand/or penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense.


Revenue From Contracts With Customers: The Company records revenue from contracts with customers in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“" ("Topic 606”606"). Under Topic 606, the Company must identify the contract with a customer, identify the performance obligations in the contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract, and recognize revenue when (or as) it satisfies a performance obligation. No revenue has been recognized in the current reporting period that results from performance obligations satisfied in previous periods.


The Company’sCompany's primary sources of revenue are derived from interest and dividends earned on loans, securities and other financial instruments that are not within the scope of Topic 606. The Company has evaluated the nature of its contracts with customers and determined that further disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers into more granular categories beyond what is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income was not necessary.


The Company generally satisfies its performance obligations on contracts with customers as services are rendered, and the transaction prices are typically fixed and charged either on a periodic basis (generally monthly) or based on activity. Because performance obligations are satisfied as services are rendered and the transaction prices are fixed, there is little judgment involved in applying Topic 606 that significantly affects the determination of the amount and timing of revenue from contracts with customers.


-14-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES(Continued)

Interest Income: The Company’s largest source of revenue is interest income which is primarily recognized on an accrual basis based on contractual terms written into loans and investment contracts.


Noninterest Revenue: The Company derives the majority of its noninterest revenue from: (1)(1) service charges for deposit related services, (2)(2) gains related to mortgage loan sales, (3)(3) trust fees and (4)(4) debit and credit card interchange income. Most of these services are transaction based and revenue is recognized as the related service is provided.


- 13-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Derivatives: Certain of the Bank’s commercial loan customers have entered into interest rate swap agreements directly with the Bank. At the same time the Bank enters into a swap agreement with its customer, the Bank enters into a corresponding interest rate swap agreement with a correspondent bank at terms mirroring the Bank’s interest rate swap with its commercial loan customer. This is known as a back-to-back swap agreement. Under this arrangement the Bank has two freestanding interest rate swaps, each of which is carried at fair value. As the terms mirror each other, there is no income statement impact to the Bank. At March 31,202331, 2024 and December 31, 2022,2023, the total notional amount of such agreements was $115.1$105.7 million and $125.3$108.2 million, respectively, and resulted in a derivative asset with a fair value of $5.3$5.6 million and $6.5$4.9 million, respectively, which were included in other assets and a derivative liability of $5.3$5.6 million and $6.5$4.9 million, respectively, which were included in other liabilities.


Mortgage Banking Derivatives: Commitments to fund mortgage loans (interest rate locks) to be sold into the secondary market and forward commitments for the future delivery of these mortgage loans are accounted for as derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting. Fair values of these mortgage derivatives are estimated based on changes in mortgage interest rates from the date the interest rate on the loan is locked. The Bank enters into commitments to sell mortgage backedmortgage-backed securities, which it later buys back in order to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk in its mortgage pipeline. At times, the Bank also enters into forward commitments for the future delivery of mortgage loans when loans are closed but not yet sold, in order to hedge the change in interest rates resulting from its commitments to sell the loans.

Changes in the fair values of these interest rate lock and mortgage backed security and forward commitment derivatives are included in net gains on mortgage loans.  The fair value of interest rate lock commitments was $4,000$(2,000) at March 31, 20232024 and $0$1,000 at December 31, 2022.2023.  The net fair value of mortgage backedmortgage-backed security derivatives was ($3,000)$1,000 at March 31, 20232024 and $0$ (17,000) at December 31, 2022.


2023.

Loans Held for Sale:  Mortgage loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at fair value, as determined by outstanding commitments from investors. As of both March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022,2023, these loans had net unrealized gains of $5,000 and $4,000, respectively,$0 which are reflected in their carrying value.  Changes in fair value of loans held for sale are included in net gains on mortgage loans.  Loans are sold with servicing released; therefore, no mortgage servicing right assets are established.

 
- 14-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Continued)

Newly Issued Not Yet EffectiveAccounting Standards UpdatesFASB issued ASU 2023-01, Investments No.2023- Equity Method07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures:  This ASU enhances disclosures about significant segment expenses.  The key amendments: (1) require that a public entity disclose on an annual and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accountinginterim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, (2) require that a public entity disclose, on an annual and interim basis, an amount for Investmentsother segment items by reportable segment and a description of its composition, (3) require that a public entity provide all annual disclosures about a reportable segment's profit or loss currently required by GAAP in Tax Credit Structures Usinginterim periods as well, (4) clarify that if CODM uses more than one measure of a segment's profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources, an entity may report one or more of those additional measures of segment profit, (5) require that a public entity disclose the Proportional Amortization Method.  This standard allows entities to elect to account for qualifying tax equity investments using the proportional amortization method, regardlesstitle and position of the program giving riseCODM and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources and (6) require that a public entity that has a single reportable segment provide all the related income tax credits.disclosures required by the amendments in the ASU and all existing segment disclosures.  This election allows the entity to record writedown of investment to federal income tax expense where income tax credits are recorded.  This also aligns the treatment of other tax equity investments with that allowed for low income housing tax credit investments.  The standardASU is effective for the Companypublic entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, includingand interim periods within these fiscal years.  The Company already utilizes the proportional amortization method for its investments in low income housing tax credit investments and as it has no other types of investments in tax credit structures, adoption of this standard will not have any immediate impact.


FASB issued ASU 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842): Common Control Arrangements.  This standard requires entities to amortize leasehold improvements associated with common control leases over the useful life to the common control group.  The standard is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within these fiscal years.  2024.  As the Company does not have any such common control leases, adoptionhas one reportable segment, the requirements of this standard for such entities will apply beginning with the Company's annual report ending December 31, 2024.  The Company does not expect adoption of the ASU to have any immediate impact.a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

ASU No.2023-09,Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures:  This ASU requires that public business entities on an annual basis (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold.  The ASU requires that all entities disclose on an annual basis (1) the amount of income taxes paid, disaggregated by federal, state and foreign taxes and (2) the amount of income taxes paid disaggregated by individual jurisdictions in which income taxes paid is equal or greater than 5 percent of total income taxes paid.  The ASU also requires that all entities disclose (1) income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic or foreign and (2) income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state and foreign.  This ASU is effective for public business entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024.  The Company does not expect adoption of the ASU to have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

-15-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

-15-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 SECURITIES


The amortized cost and fair value of securities at period-end were as follows (dollars in thousands):


  
Amortized
Cost
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
 
March 31, 2023
            
Available for Sale            
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities $255,211  $175  $(13,528) $241,858 
U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs  134,956   81   (12,793)  122,244 
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  37,142   77   (270)  36,949 
Taxable state and municipal bonds  119,862   149   (6,874)  113,137 
Corporate bonds and other debt securities  12,112   4   (345)  11,771 
  $559,283  $486  $(33,810) $525,959 
                 
Held to Maturity                
U.S. Treasury
 $251,286  $  $(11,274) $240,012 
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  97,101
   552
   (2,106)  95,547
 

 $348,387  $552  $(13,380) $335,559 

  
Amortized
Cost
  
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
  
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
  
Fair
Value
 
December 31, 2022
            
Available for Sale:            
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities $240,921  $23  $(16,310) $224,634 
U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs  128,165      (14,347)  113,818 
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  37,198   10   (498)  36,710 
Taxable state and municipal bonds  120,647   49   (8,525)  112,171 
Corporate bonds and other debt securities  12,387      (463)  11,924 
  $539,318  $82  $(40,143) $499,257 
Held to Maturity                
U.S. Treasury $
251,307  $
  $
(13,677) $
237,630 
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  97,458   415   (2,853)  95,020 

 $348,765  $415  $(16,530) $332,650 

      

Gross

  

Gross

     
  

Amortized

  

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

March 31, 2024

                

Available for Sale

                

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

 $245,896  $  $(10,815) $235,081 

Agency MBS and CMOs

  120,328   35   (13,331)  107,032 

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  30,800      (519)  30,281 

Taxable state and municipal bonds

  112,976   53   (5,528)  107,501 

Corporate bonds and other debt securities

  11,555      (236)  11,319 
  $521,555  $88  $(30,429) $491,214 
                 

Held to Maturity

                

U.S. Treasury

 $221,211  $  $(7,945) $213,266 

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  79,540   230   (1,385)  78,385 
  $300,751  $230  $(9,330) $291,651 

      

Gross

  

Gross

     
  

Amortized

  

Unrealized

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

 
  

Cost

  

Gains

  

Losses

  

Value

 

December 31, 2023

                

Available for Sale:

                

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

 $256,234  $25  $(10,767) $245,492 

Agency MBS and CMOs

  123,767   173   (12,604)  111,336 

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  30,850   31   (284)  30,597 

Taxable state and municipal bonds

  115,516   105   (5,545)  110,076 

Corporate bonds and other debt securities

  11,527   3   (233)  11,297 
  $537,894  $337  $(29,433) $508,798 

Held to Maturity

                

U.S. Treasury

 $251,229  $  $(8,520) $242,709 

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  80,294   284   (1,189)  79,389 
  $331,523  $284  $(9,709) $322,098 

There were no sales of securities in the three month periods ended March 31, 2023 2024 and 2022.2023.

- 16-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
-16-NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 SECURITIES (Continued)


On January 1, 2022, the Company reclassified ten U.S. Treasury securities with an amortized cost of $123.5 million from available for sale to held to maturity, as it has the intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity.  These securities had net unrealized gains of $113,000 at the date of transfer, which will continue to be reported in accumulated other comprehensive income, and will be amortized over the remaining life of the securities as an adjustment of yield. The effect on interest income of the amortization of net unrealized gains is offset by the amortization of the premium on the securities transferred.

Contractual maturities of debt securities at March 31, 20232024 were as follows (dollars in thousands):


  Held–to-Maturity Securities  Available-for-Sale Securities 
  
Amortized
Cost
  
Fair
Value
  
Amortized
Cost
  
Fair
Value
 
Due in one year or less $58,157  $57,487  $22,431  $22,106 
Due from one to five years  272,386   260,375   369,226   352,338 
Due from five to ten years  17,844   17,697   34,295   30,814 
Due after ten years        133,331   120,701 
  $348,387  $335,559  $559,283  $525,959 

  

Held–to-Maturity Securities

  

Available-for-Sale Securities

 
  

Amortized

  

Fair

  

Amortized

  

Fair

 
  

Cost

  

Value

  

Cost

  

Value

 

Due in one year or less

 $133,656  $132,252  $141,534  $140,076 

Due from one to five years

  155,020   147,346   253,495   238,070 

Due from five to ten years

  12,075   12,053   6,198   6,036 

Due after ten years

            

Agency MBS and CMOs

        120,328   107,032 
  $300,751  $291,651  $521,555  $491,214 

Securities with unrealized losses at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022,2023, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, were as follows (dollars in thousands):

  

Less than 12 Months

  

12 Months or More

  

Total

 
  

Fair

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

  

Unrealized

 

March 31, 2024

 

Value

  

Loss

  

Value

  

Loss

  

Value

  

Loss

 

Available for Sale

                        

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

 $28,390  $(53) $206,691  $(10,761) $235,081  $(10,814)

Agency MBS and CMOs

  15,544   (150)  84,892   (13,181)  100,436   (13,331)

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  11,316   (98)  18,965   (423)  30,281   (521)

Taxable state and municipal bonds

  8,442   (29)  92,753   (5,499)  101,195   (5,528)

Corporate bonds and other debt securities

  471   (3)  10,848   (232)  11,319   (235)
  $64,163  $(333) $414,149  $(30,096) $478,312  $(30,429)
                         

Held to Maturity

                        

U.S. Treasury

 $  $  $213,266  $(7,945) $213,266  $(7,945)

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  20,118   (53)  48,402   (1,332)  68,520   (1,385)
  $20,118  $(53) $261,668  $(9,277) $281,786  $(9,330)

- 17-


  Less than 12 Months  12 Months or More  Total 
March 31, 2023
 
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Loss
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Loss
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Loss
 
Available for Sale                  
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities $90,278  $(2,249) $125,775  $(11,279) $216,053  $(13,528)
U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs  31,574   (1,021)  64,296   (11,772)  95,870   (12,793)
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  17,744   (103)  5,541   (167)  23,285   (270)
Taxable state and municipal bonds  41,608   (989)  58,236   (5,885)  99,844   (6,874)
Corporate bonds and other debt securities  7,462   (148)  3,839   (197)  11,301   (345)
Total $188,666  $(4,510) $257,687  $(29,300) $446,353  $(33,810)
                         
Held to Maturity                        
U.S. Treasury $114,386  $(5,063) $125,626  $(6,211) $240,012  $(11,274)
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  26,395   (384)  49,855   (1,722)  76,250   (2,106)
 $140,781  $(5,447) $175,481  $(7,933) $316,262  $(13,380)
-17-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 2 SECURITIES (Continued)


  Less than 12 Months  12 Months or More  Total 
December 31, 2022
 
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Loss
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Loss
  
Fair
Value
  
Unrealized
Loss
 
Available for Sale:                  
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities $144,796  $(6,230) $66,008  $(10,080) $210,804  $(16,310)
U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs  64,427   (4,789)  41,340   (9,558)  105,767   (14,347)
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  31,337   (498)        31,337   (498)
Taxable state and municipal bonds  71,165   (3,337)  33,452   (5,188)  104,617   (8,525)
Corporate bonds and other debt securities  10,668   (357)  1,256   (106)  11,924   (463)

 $322,393  $(15,211) $142,056  $(24,932) $464,449  $(40,143)
                         
Held to Maturity:                        
U.S. Treasury $
237,630  $
(13,677) $
  $
  $
237,630  $
(13,677)
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  57,671   (2,314)  21,721   (539)  79,392   (2,853)
  $295,301  $(15,991) $21,721  $(539) $317,022  $(16,530)

  

Less than 12 Months

  

12 Months or More

  

Total

 
  

Fair

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

  

Unrealized

  

Fair

  

Unrealized

 

December 31, 2023

 

Value

  

Loss

  

Value

  

Loss

  

Value

  

Loss

 

Available for Sale:

                        

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

 $15,615  $(41) $215,712  $(10,726) $231,327  $(10,767)

Agency MBS and CMOs

  8,574   (52)  83,893   (12,552)  92,467   (12,604)

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  8,472   (50)  13,296   (234)  21,768   (284)

Taxable state and municipal bonds

  4,667   (18)  93,900   (5,527)  98,567   (5,545)

Corporate bonds and other debt securities

        10,822   (233)  10,822   (233)
  $37,328  $(161) $417,623  $(29,272) $454,951  $(29,433)
                         

Held to Maturity:

                        

U.S. Treasury

 $  $  $242,709  $(8,520) $242,709  $(8,520)

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  673   (2)  45,513   (1,187)  46,186   (1,189)
  $673  $(2) $288,222  $(9,707) $288,895  $(9,709)

Management evaluates securities in an unrealized loss position at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. In analyzing an issuer’sissuer's financial condition, Management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred and the results of reviews of the issuer’sissuer's financial condition.


At March 31, 2023, 4132024, 423 securities available for sale with fair values totaling $446.4$478.3 million had unrealized losses totaling $33.8$30.4 million. At December 31, 2023, 402 securities available for sale with fair values totaling $455.0 million had unrealized losses totaling $29.4 million.  For securities available for sale with unrealized losses, management considered the financial condition of the issuer and the Company’sCompany's intent and ability to retain the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in fair value. At March 31, 2023, 662024, 75 securities held to maturity with fair values totaling $316.3$281.8 million had unrealized losses totaling $13.4$9.3 million. At December 31, 2023, 58 securities held to maturity with fair values totaling $288.9 million had unrealized losses totaling $9.7 million.  Management has the intent and ability to hold the securities classified as held to maturity until they mature, at which time the Company will receive full value for the securities. Management determined that the unrealized losses for each period and each investment were attributable to changes in interest rates and not due to credit quality. All of the Company's municipal and corporate securities were rated AA or higher at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. As such, no allowance for credit losses on securities available for sale or held to maturity havehas been established as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.


Securities with a carrying value of approximately $3.6 million and $3.5$3.7 million were pledged as security for public deposits, letters of credit and for other purposes required or permitted by law at both March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022, 2023.

The Company also has an investment in a fund that invests in projects qualifying for Community Reinvestment Act credit which is carried at a fair value of $1.3 million and is reported in other assets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

- 18-

-18-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS


AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

Portfolio loans were as follows (dollars in thousands):


  
March 31,
2023
  
December 31,
2022
 
Commercial and industrial $
473,354  $
441,716 
         
Commercial real estate:        
Residential developed  7,001   7,234 
Unsecured to residential developers
  
   
 
Vacant and unimproved  38,700   36,270 
Commercial development  99   103 
Residential improved  116,177   112,791 
Commercial improved  255,894   259,281 
Manufacturing and industrial  125,477   121,924 
Total commercial real estate  543,348   537,603 
Consumer:        
Residential mortgage  148,676   139,148 
Unsecured  106   121 
Home equity  52,647   56,321 
Other secured  2,808   2,839 
Total consumer  204,237   198,429 
Total loans  1,220,939   1,177,748 
Allowance for credit losses  (16,794)  (15,285)
  $1,204,145  $1,162,463 

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Commercial and industrial

 $516,400  $506,974 
         

Commercial real estate:

        

Residential developed

  4,977   5,809 

Unsecured to residential developers

     800 

Vacant and unimproved

  38,895   39,534 

Commercial development

  78   84 

Residential improved

  107,860   123,875 

Commercial improved

  261,256   260,188 

Manufacturing and industrial

  159,703   154,809 

Total commercial real estate

  572,769   585,099 

Consumer:

        

Residential mortgage

  195,923   189,818 

Unsecured

  89   129 

Home equity

  53,751   53,039 

Other secured

  3,276   3,327 

Total consumer

  253,039   246,313 

Total loans

  1,342,208   1,338,386 

Allowance for credit losses

  (17,440)  (17,442)
  $1,324,768  $1,320,944 

The totals above are shown net of deferred fees and costs. Deferred fees on loans totaled $1.3 million and $1.3 million at both March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022, respectively.2023. Deferred costs on loans totaled $1.4 million and $1.4$1.5 million at both March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
2023
.

- 19-

 
-19-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)


Activity in the allowance for credit losses by portfolio segment was as follows (dollars in thousands):

  

Commercial

                 
  

and

  

Commercial

             

Three months ended March 31, 2024

 

Industrial

  

Real Estate

  

Consumer

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Beginning balance

 $6,871  $7,164  $3,375  $32  $17,442 

Charge-offs

        (32)     (32)

Recoveries

  10   1   19      30 

Provision for credit losses

  (123)  (189)  224   88    

Ending Balance

 $6,758  $6,976  $3,586  $120  $17,440 

  

Commercial

                 
  

and

  

Commercial

             

Three months ended March 31, 2023

 

Industrial

  

Real Estate

  

Consumer

  

Unallocated

  

Total

 

Beginning balance

 $5,596  $7,180  $2,458  $51  $15,285 

Impact of adoption of ASU 2016-03

  1,299   (212)  389      1,476 

Charge-offs

        (21)     (21)

Recoveries

  9   3   42      54 

Provision for credit losses

  220   (201)  (50)  31    

Ending Balance

 $7,124  $6,770  $2,818  $82  $16,794 

- 20-


Three months ended March 31, 2023
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
  
Commercial
Real Estate
  Consumer  Unallocated  Total 
Beginning balance, prior to adoption of ASU 2016-03 $5,596  $7,180  $2,458  $51  $15,285 
Impact of adoption of ASU 2016-03  1,299   (212)  389      1,476 
Charge-offs        (21)     (21)
Recoveries  9   3   42      54 
Provision for credit losses (1)
  220   (201)  (50)  31    
Ending Balance $7,124  $6,770  $2,818  $82  $16,794 

Three months ended March 31, 2022
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
  
Commercial
Real Estate
  Consumer  Unallocated  Total 
Beginning balance $5,176  $8,051  $2,633  $29  $15,889 
Charge-offs        (35)     (35)
Recoveries  5   233   24      262 
Provision for credit losses (1)
  148   (1,213)  (469)  34   (1,500)
Ending Balance $5,329  $7,071  $2,153  $63  $14,616 

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
(1)Beginning January 1, 2023, calculation is based on CECL methodology.  Prior to January 1, 2023, calculation was based on probable incurred loss methodology.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)

The following table presents gross chargeoffscharge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 20232024 by portfolio class and origination year (dollars in thousands):


  Term Loans By Origination Year       
March 31, 2023 2023  2022  2021  2020  2019  Prior  
Revolving
Loans
  Total 
                         
                         
Commercial and industrial $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 
Commercial development                        
Commercial improved                        
Manufacturing and industrial                        
Residential development                        
Residential improved                        
Vacant and unimproved                        
Total commercial                        
                                 
Residential mortgage                        
Consumer unsecured                        
Home equity                        
Other                    21   21 
Total consumer                    21   21 
                                 
Total loans                    21   21 

-20-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3 –LOANS (Continued)

  

Term Loans By Origination Year

         
                          

Revolving

     

March 31, 2024

 

2024

  

2023

  

2022

  

2021

  

2020

  

Prior

  

Loans

  

Total

 
                                 
                                 

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 

Commercial development

                        

Commercial improved

                        

Manufacturing and industrial

                        

Residential development

                        

Residential improved

                        

Vacant and unimproved

                        

Total commercial

                        
                                 

Residential mortgage

                        

Consumer unsecured

                        

Home equity

                        

Other

                    32   32 

Total consumer

                    32   32 
                                 

Total loans

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $32  $32 

The following table presents gross charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2023 by portfolio class and origination year (dollars in thousands):

  

Term Loans By Origination Year

         
                          

Revolving

     

March 31, 2023

 

2023

  

2022

  

2021

  

2020

  

2019

  

Prior

  

Loans

  

Total

 
                                 
                                 

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 

Commercial development

                        

Commercial improved

                        

Manufacturing and industrial

                        

Residential development

                        

Residential improved

                        

Vacant and unimproved

                        

Total commercial

                        
                                 

Residential mortgage

                        

Consumer unsecured

                        

Home equity

                        

Other

                    21   21 

Total consumer

                    21   21 
                                 

Total loans

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $21  $21 

Collateral dependent loans are loans for which the repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral and the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. Under CECL for collateral dependent loans, the Company has adopted the practical expedient to measure the allowance on the fair value of collateral.


The allowance is calculated on an individual loan basis based on the shortfall between the fair value of the loan’sloan's collateral, which is adjusted for liquidation costs/discounts, and the loan’sloan's amortized cost. If the fair value of the collateral exceeds the loan’sloan's amortized cost, no allowance is necessary. The Company’sCompany's policy is to obtain appraisals on any significant pieces of collateral. For real estate collateral that is in industries that are undergoing significant stress, or properties that are specialized use or have limited marketability, higher discounts are applied in determining fair value.

- 21-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)

There have been no significant changes to the types of collateral securing our collateral dependent loans.


The amortized cost of collateral-dependent loans by class as of March 31, 20232024 was as follows (dollars in thousands):


  Collateral Type    
March 31, 2023 Real Estate  Other  
Allowance
Allocated
 
          
Commercial and industrial $  $  $ 
Commercial real estate:            
Residential developed         
Unsecured to residential developers         
Vacant and unimproved         
Commercial development         
Residential improved  30       
Commercial improved  303      6 
Manufacturing and industrial         
   333      6 
Consumer            
Residential mortgage         
Unsecured         
Home equity         
Other secured         
Consumer         
Total $333  $  $6 

  

Collateral Type

     
          

Allowance

 

March 31, 2024

 

Real Estate

  

Other

  

Allocated

 
             

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $ 

Commercial real estate:

            

Residential developed

         

Unsecured to residential developers

         

Vacant and unimproved

         

Commercial development

         

Residential improved

  25       

Commercial improved

  289      14 

Manufacturing and industrial

  1,126       
   1,440      14 

Consumer

            

Residential mortgage

         

Unsecured

         

Home equity

         

Other secured

         

Consumer

         

Total

 $1,440  $  $14 

The following table presents the balance in the allowance for credit losses and the recorded investment inamortized cost of collateral-dependent loans by portfolio segment and based on impairment methodclass as of December 31, 2023 was as follows (dollars in thousands):

  

Collateral Type

     
          

Allowance

 

December 31, 2023

 

Real Estate

  

Other

  

Allocated

 
             

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $ 

Commercial real estate:

            

Residential developed

         

Unsecured to residential developers

         

Vacant and unimproved

         

Commercial development

         

Residential improved

  26       

Commercial improved

  292      17 

Manufacturing and industrial

  1,136       
   1,454      17 

Consumer

            

Residential mortgage

         

Unsecured

         

Home equity

         

Other secured

         

Consumer

         

Total

 $1,454  $  $17 

- 22-


December 31, 2022
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
  
Commercial
Real Estate
  Consumer  Unallocated  Total 
Allowance for credit losses:               
Ending allowance attributable to loans:               
Individually reviewed for impairment $55  $20  $220  $  $295 
Collectively evaluated for impairment  5,541   7,160   2,238   51   14,990 
Total ending allowance balance $5,596  $7,180  $2,458  $51  $15,285 
Loans:                    
Individually reviewed for impairment $3,603  $518  $2,886  $  $7,007 
Collectively evaluated for impairment  438,113   537,085   195,543      1,170,741 
Total ending loans balance $441,716  $537,603  $198,429  $  $1,177,748 
 
-21-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)


The following table presents

Nonaccrual loans individuallyinclude both smaller balance homogeneous loans that are collectively evaluated for impairment by class of loans as of December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):


December 31, 2022
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
  
Recorded
Investment
  
Allowance
Allocated
  Year-To-Date Average Recorded Investment 
With no related allowance recorded:            
Commercial and industrial $3,278  $3,278  $  $2,338 
Commercial real estate:                
Residential improved  31   31      33 
   31   31      33 
Consumer            
Total with no related allowance recorded $3,309  $3,309  $  $2,371 
                 
With an allowance recorded:                
Commercial and industrial $325  $325  $55  $365 
Commercial real estate:                
Commercial improved  307   307   9   313 
Manufacturing and industrial  180   180   11   185 
   487   487   20   498 
Consumer:                
Residential mortgage  2,653   2,653   202   2,619 
Unsecured  29   29   2   29 
Home equity  204   204   16   234 
   2,886   2,886   220   2,882 
Total with an allowance recorded $3,698  $3,698  $295  $3,745 
Total $7,007  $7,007  $295  $6,116 

-22-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3 –LOANS (Continued)

and individually classified collateral dependent loans. The following tables present the recorded investment in nonaccrual and loans past due over 90 days still on accrual by class of loans as of March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022:
2023 (dollars in thousands):  

              

Over 90

  

Total

 
  

Nonaccrual with

  

Nonaccrual with

      

days

  

Nonperforming

 

March 31, 2024

 

No Allowance

  

Allowance

  

Total Nonaccrual

  

Accruing

  

Loans

 

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $  $  $ 
                     

Commercial real estate:

                    

Residential developed

               

Unsecured to residential developers

               

Vacant and unimproved

               

Commercial development

               

Residential Improved

               

Commercial improved

               

Manufacturing and industrial

               
                

Consumer:

                    

Residential mortgage

     1   1      1 

Unsecured

               

Home equity

               

Other secured

               
      1   1      1 

Total

 $  $1  $1  $  $1 


- 23-
March 31, 2023 Nonaccrual with No Allowance  Nonaccrual with Allowance  Total Nonaccrual  
Over 90
days
Accruing
  Total Nonperforming Loans 
Commercial and industrial $  $  $  $  $ 
                     
Commercial real estate:                    
Residential developed               
Unsecured to residential developers               
Vacant and unimproved               
Commercial development               
Residential Improved               
Commercial improved               
Manufacturing and industrial               
                
Consumer:                    
Residential mortgage     75   75      75 
Unsecured               
Home equity               
Other secured               
      75   75      75 
Total $  $75  $75  $  $75 


December 31, 2022 Nonaccrual with No Allowance  Nonaccrual with Allowance  Total Nonaccrual  
Over 90
days
Accruing
  Total Nonperforming Loans 
Commercial and industrial $  $  $  $  $ 
                     
Commercial real estate:                    
Residential developed               
Unsecured to residential developers               
Vacant and unimproved               
Commercial development               
Residential improved               
Commercial improved               
Manufacturing and industrial               
                
Consumer:                    
Residential mortgage     78   78      78 
Unsecured               
Home equity               
Other secured               
      78   78      78 
Total $  $78  $78  $  $78 

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)

              

Over 90

  

Total

 
  

Nonaccrual with

  

Nonaccrual with

      

days

  

Nonperforming

 

December 31, 2023

 

No Allowance

  

Allowance

  

Total Nonaccrual

  

Accruing

  

Loans

 

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $  $  $ 
                     

Commercial real estate:

                    

Residential developed

               

Unsecured to residential developers

               

Vacant and unimproved

               

Commercial development

               

Residential improved

               

Commercial improved

               

Manufacturing and industrial

               
                

Consumer:

                    

Residential mortgage

     1   1      1 

Unsecured

               

Home equity

               

Other secured

               
      1   1      1 

Total

 $  $1  $1  $  $1 

No interest income was recognized on nonaccrual loans during the three months month periods ended March 31, 2023.2024 and 2023.

- 24-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
-23-NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)


The following table presents the aging of the recorded investment in past due loans as of March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 20222023 by class of loans (dollars in thousands):

  

30-90

  

Greater Than

  

Total

        

March 31, 2024

 

Days

  

90 Days

  

Past Due

  

Current

  

Total

 

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $  $516,400  $516,400 

Commercial real estate:

                    

Residential developed

           4,977   4,977 

Unsecured to residential developers

               

Vacant and unimproved

           38,895   38,895 

Commercial development

           78   78 

Residential improved

           107,860   107,860 

Commercial improved

           261,256   261,256 

Manufacturing and industrial

           159,703   159,703 
            572,769   572,769 

Consumer:

                    

Residential mortgage

  310      310   195,613   195,923 

Unsecured

           89   89 

Home equity

  30      30   53,721   53,751 

Other secured

           3,276   3,276 
   340      340   252,699   253,039 

Total

 $340  $  $340  $1,341,868  $1,342,208 

  

30-90

  

Greater Than

  

Total

        

December 31, 2023

 

Days

  

90 Days

  

Past Due

  

Current

  

Total

 

Commercial and industrial

 $  $  $  $506,974  $506,974 

Commercial real estate:

                    

Residential developed

           5,809   5,809 

Unsecured to residential developers

           800   800 

Vacant and unimproved

           39,534   39,534 

Commercial development

           84   84 

Residential improved

           123,875   123,875 

Commercial improved

           260,188   260,188 

Manufacturing and industrial

           154,809   154,809 
            585,099   585,099 

Consumer:

                    

Residential mortgage

  44      44   189,774   189,818 

Unsecured

           129   129 

Home equity

           53,039   53,039 

Other secured

           3,327   3,327 
   44      44   246,269   246,313 

Total

 $44  $  $44  $1,338,342  $1,338,386 


March 31, 2023 
30-90
Days
  
Greater Than
90 Days
  
Total
Past Due
  
Loans Not
Past Due
  Total 
Commercial and industrial $  $
  $  $473,354  $473,354 
Commercial real estate:                    
Residential developed           7,001   7,001 
Unsecured to residential developers
  
   
   
   
   
 
Vacant and unimproved           38,700   38,700 
Commercial development           99   99 
Residential improved           116,177   116,177 
Commercial improved  83      83   255,811   255,894 
Manufacturing and industrial           125,477   125,477 
   83      83   543,265   543,348 
Consumer:                    
Residential mortgage  120   74   194   148,482   148,676 
Unsecured           106   106 
Home equity           52,647   52,647 
Other secured           2,808   2,808 
   120   74   194   204,043   204,237 
Total $203  $74  $277  $1,220,662  $1,220,939 

- 25-
December 31, 2022
 
30-90
Days
  
Greater Than
90 Days
  
Total
Past Due
  
Loans Not
Past Due
  Total 
Commercial and industrial $  $  $  $441,716  $441,716 
Commercial real estate:                    
Residential developed           7,234   7,234 
Unsecured to residential developers
  
   
   
   
   
 
Vacant and unimproved           36,270   36,270 
Commercial development           103   103 
Residential improved           112,791   112,791 
Commercial improved  71      71   259,210   259,281 
Manufacturing and industrial           121,924   121,924 
   71      71   537,532   537,603 
Consumer:                    
Residential mortgage     77   77   139,071   139,148 
Unsecured           121   121 
Home equity  24      24   56,297   56,321 
Other secured           2,839   2,839 
   24   77   101   198,328   198,429 
Total $95  $77  $172  $1,177,576  $1,177,748 

 
-24-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)


At times, the Company will modify terms of a loan to allow the customer to mitigate the risk of foreclosure by meeting a lower loan payment requirement based upon their current cash flow.  These may also include loans that renewed at existing contractual rates, but below market rates for comparable credit.  For commercial loans, these modifications typically include an interest only period and, in some cases, a lowering of the interest rate on the loan.  In some cases, the modification will include separating the note into two notes with the first note structured to be supported by current cash flows and collateral, and the second note made for the remaining unsecured debt.  The second note is charged off immediately and collected only after the first note is paid in full.  This modification type is commonly referred to as an A-B note structure.  For consumer mortgage loans, the restructuring typically includes a lowering of the interest rate to provide payment and cash flow relief.  For each restructuring, a comprehensive credit underwriting analysis of the borrower’s financial condition and prospects of repayment under the revised terms is performed to assess whether the structure can be successful and that cash flows will be sufficient to support the restructured debt.  An analysis is also performed to determine whether the restructured loan should be on accrual status.  Generally, if the loan is on accrual status at the time of restructure, it will remain on accrual status after the restructuring.  In some cases, a nonaccrual loan may be placed on accrual status at restructuring if the loan’s actual payment history demonstrates it would have cash flowed under the restructured terms.  After six consecutive payments under the restructured terms, a nonaccrual restructured loan is reviewed for possible upgrade to accruingaccrual status.

As with other individually reviewed loans, an allowance for loancredit loss is estimated for each such modification made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty based on the most likely source of repayment for each loan. For commercial real estate loans that are collateral dependent, the allowance is computed based on the fair value of the underlying collateral, less estimated costs to sell. For individually reviewed commercial loans where repayment is expected from cash flows from business operations, the allowance is computed based on a discounted cash flow computation. Certain groups of such loans, such as residential mortgages, have common characteristics and for them the allowance is computed based on a discounted cash flow computation on the change in weighted rate for the pool. The allowance allocations for commercial modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty where we have reduced the contractual interest rate are computed by measuring cash flows using the new payment terms discounted at the original contractual rate.


The following table presents information regarding modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of March 31, 20232024 (dollars in thousands):


  March 31, 2023 
  
Number of
Loans
  
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
  
Percentage to
Total
Loans
 
Commercial and industrial  3  $309   0.07%
Commercial real estate  3   509   0.09%
Consumer  32   2,847   1.39%
   38  $3,665   0.30%
 
-25-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3 –LOANS (Continued)

The

  

March 31, 2024

 
      

Outstanding

  

Percentage to

 
  

Number of

  

Recorded

  

Total

 
  

Loans

  

Balance

  

Loans

 

Commercial and industrial

  2  $232   0.04%

Commercial real estate

  3   478   0.08%

Consumer

  31   2,550   1.01%
   36  $3,260   0.24%

At March 31, 2024, approximately 50% of the balance of modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty involved interest rate reductions, 36% involved extensions of maturity and the remainder were a combination of capitalized interest, renewals at below market rates and A-B note restructures.  At March 31, 2024, the amortized cost of these modified loans was $1.6 million, $1.2 million and $460,000, respectively.  There have been no payment defaults for all modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty within the past twelve months.  Additionally, all such modifications were current at March 31, 2024.  All of the modifications involving interest rate reductions occurred prior to 2015 and the financial statement effect of these interest rate reductions was immaterial.

The following table presents information related toregarding modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of MarchDecember 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

  

December 31, 2023

 
      

Outstanding

  

Percentage to

 
  

Number of

  

Recorded

  

Total

 
  

Loans

  

Balance

  

Loans

 

Commercial and industrial

  2  $244   0.05%

Commercial real estate

  3   485   0.08%

Consumer

  31   2,584   1.05%
   36  $3,313   0.25%

At December 31, 2023, approximately 50% of the balance of modified loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty involved interest rate reductions, 36% involved extensions of maturity and the remainder were a combination of capitalized interest, renewals at below market rates and A-B note restructures.  At December 31, 2023, the amortized cost of these modified loans was $1.6 million, $1.2 million and $471,000, respectively.  There have been no payment defaults for all modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty within the past twelve months.  Additionally, all such modifications were current at December 31, 2023.  All of the modifications involving interest rate reductions occurred prior to 2015 and the financial statement effect of these interest rate reductions was immaterial.

- 26-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)

The following table presents the amount of accruing modifications that were on nonaccrual status prior to the modification, accruing at the time of modification and those that were upgraded to accruing status after receiving six consecutive monthly payments in accordance with the modified terms as of the period reported (dollars in thousands):


  
March 31,
2023
 
Accruing - nonaccrual at modification
 $ 
Accruing - accruing at modification
  3,665 
Accruing - upgraded to accruing after six consecutive payments   
  $3,665 

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Accruing - nonaccrual at modification

 $  $ 

Accruing - accruing at modification

  3,260   3,313 

Accruing - upgraded to accruing after six consecutive payments

      
  $3,260  $3,313 

There were no modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three month periodperiods ended March 31, 2024 or March 31, 2023.


There were no defaults on loans with modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty during the three month periodsperiod ended March 31, 20232024 and the balance of loans that became delinquent by more than 90 days past due or that were transferred to nonaccrual within 12 months of modification were not material.was $0.

- 27-

 
-26-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)


Credit Quality Indicators:The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of the borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors. The Company analyzes commercial loans individually and classifies these relationships by credit risk grading. The Company uses an eight point grading system, with grades 5 through 8 being considered classified, or watch, credits. The higher the risk grade, the stronger likelihood of loss. At grade 7, a loan is placed on nonaccrual status. All commercial loans are assigned a grade at origination, at each renewal or any amendment. When a credit is first downgraded to a watch credit (either through renewal, amendment, loan officer identification or the loan review process), an Administrative Loan Review (“ALR”) is generated by the credit department and the loan officer. All watch credits have an ALR completed quarterly which analyzes the collateral position and cash flow of the borrower and its guarantors. Management meets quarterly with loan officers to discuss each of these credits in detail and to help formulate solutions where progress has stalled. When necessary, the loan officer proposes changes to the assigned loan grade as part of the ALR. Additionally, Loan Review reviews all loan grades upon origination, renewal or amendment and again as loans are selected though the loan review process. The credit will stay on the ALR until either its grade has improved to a 4 or the credit relationship is at a zero balance. The Company uses the following definitions for the risk grades in ascending order of likelihood of loss:


1. Excellent - Loans supported by extremely strong financial condition or secured by the Bank’s own deposits. Minimal risk to the Bank and the probability of serious rapid financial deterioration is extremely small.


2. Above Average - Loans supported by sound financial statements that indicate the ability to repay or borrowings secured (and margined properly) with marketable securities. Nominal risk to the Bank and probability of serious financial deterioration is highly unlikely. The overall quality of these credits is very high.


3. Good Quality - Loans supported by satisfactory asset quality and liquidity, good debt capacity coverage, and good management in all critical positions. Loans are secured by acceptable collateral with adequate margins. There is a slight risk of deterioration if adverse market conditions prevail.


4. Acceptable Risk - Loans carrying an acceptable risk to the Bank, which may be slightly below average quality. The borrower has limited financial strength with considerable leverage. There is some probability of deterioration if adverse market conditions prevail. These credits should be monitored closely by the Relationship Manager.


5. Marginally Acceptable - Loans are of marginal quality with above normal risk to the Bank. The borrower shows acceptable asset quality but very little liquidity with high leverage. There is inconsistent earning performance without the ability to sustain adverse market conditions. The primary source of repayment is questionable, but the secondary source of repayment still remains an option. Very close attention by the Relationship Manager and management is needed.


6. Substandard - Loans are inadequately protected by the net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or the collateral pledged. The primary and secondary sources of repayment are questionable. Heavy debt condition may be evident and volume and earnings deterioration may be underway. It is possible that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not immediately addressed and corrected.


7. Doubtful - Loans supported by weak or no financial statements, as well as the ability to repay the entire loan, are questionable. Loans in this category are normally characterized less than adequate collateral, insolvent, or extremely weak financial condition. A loan classified doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses makes collection or liquidation in full highly questionable. The possibility of loss is extremely high, however, activity may be underway to minimize the loss or maximize the recovery.


8. Loss - Loans are considered uncollectible and of little or no value as a bank asset.
 

-27-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
- 28-

NOTE 3 –LOANS (Continued)


December 31, 2022
  1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8  Total 
Commercial and industrial $15,040  $21,451  $175,762  $220,987  $8,309  $167  $  $  $441,716 
                                     
Commercial real estate:                                    
Residential developed           7,234               7,234 
Unsecured to residential developers
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Vacant and unimproved     1,231   18,406   16,633               36,270 
Commercial development        103                  103 
Residential improved        25,585   87,176   30            112,791 
Commercial improved     17,802   83,769   151,641   5,762   307         259,281 
Manufacturing & industrial     11,422   32,977   73,566   1,646   2,313         121,924 
  $15,040  $51,906  $336,602  $557,237  $15,747  $2,787  $  $  $979,319 

-28-

IndexContents
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 3 –LOANS (Continued)

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)

The following table summarizes loan ratings by grade for commercial loans as of  March 31, 2024(dollars in thousands):

  

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year and Risk Grades

         

March 31, 2024

 

2024

  

2023

  

2022

  

2021

  

2020

  

Prior

  

Revolving

  

Total

 

Commercial

                                

Commercial and industrial

                                

Grades 1-3

 $14,068  $38,897  $40,494  $9,235  $5,778  $45,398  $68,809  $222,679 

Grade 4

  14,526   83,078   46,939   20,807   10,148   47,312   62,804   285,614 

Grade 5

        1,200   37   253   1,473   5,133   8,096 

Grade 6

                 11      11 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $28,594  $121,975  $88,633  $30,079  $16,179  $94,194  $136,746  $516,400 

Residential development

                                

Grades 1-3

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 

Grade 4

  1,693   2,328   57            899   4,977 

Grade 5

                        

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $1,693  $2,328  $57  $  $  $  $899  $4,977 

Unsecured to residential developers

                                

Grades 1-3

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 

Grade 4

                        

Grade 5

                        

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 

Vacant and unimproved

                                

Grades 1-3

 $  $1,111  $6,768  $9,492  $6,531  $57  $230  $24,189 

Grade 4

  151   4,274   1,309   690   7,636      646   14,706 

Grade 5

                        

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $151  $5,385  $8,077  $10,182  $14,167  $57  $876  $38,895 

Commercial development

                                

Grades 1-3

 $  $  $78  $  $  $  $  $78 

Grade 4

                        

Grade 5

                        

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $  $  $78  $  $  $  $  $78 

Residential improved

                                

Grades 1-3

 $298  $6,205  $14,809  $1,203  $8,026  $4,133  $1,059  $35,733 

Grade 4

  187   2,008   538   35,546   1,148   22,009   10,666   72,102 

Grade 5

           25            25 

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $485  $8,213  $15,347  $36,774  $9,174  $26,142  $11,725  $107,860 

Commercial improved

                                

Grades 1-3

 $80  $14,337  $19,595  $48,674  $17,417  $22,746  $5,266  $128,115 

Grade 4

  242   16,709   34,150   19,913   30,226   25,580   1,216   128,036 

Grade 5

        16         4,800      4,816 

Grade 6

           289            289 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $322  $31,046  $53,761  $68,876  $47,643  $53,126  $6,482  $261,256 

Manufacturing and industrial

                                

Grades 1-3

 $3,768  $7,875  $42,733  $5,518  $6,204  $7,878  $642  $74,618 

Grade 4

  8,786   18,849   25,603   11,801   7,247   9,292   261   81,839 

Grade 5

                 448      448 

Grade 6

  232               2,566      2,798 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $12,786  $26,724  $68,336  $17,319  $13,451  $20,184  $903  $159,703 
                                 

Total Commercial

                                

Grades 1-3

 $18,214  $68,425  $124,477  $74,122  $43,956  $80,212  $76,006  $485,412 

Grade 4

  25,585   127,246   108,596   88,757   56,405   104,193   76,492   587,274 

Grade 5

        1,216   62   253   6,721   5,133   13,385 

Grade 6

  232         289      2,577      3,098 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $44,031  $195,671  $234,289  $163,230  $100,614  $193,703  $157,631  $1,089,169 

- 29-


  Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year and Risk Grades       
March 31, 2023 2023  2022  2021  2020  2019  Prior  Revolving  Total 
Commercial                        
Commercial and industrial                        
Grades 1-3 $14,305  $60,752  $18,955  $7,346  $14,878  $47,073  $70,542  $233,851 
Grade 4  12,017   46,095   24,990   26,313   10,486   30,408   77,814   228,123 
Grade 5     342   43   407   99   115   10,246   11,252 
Grade 6     41   49         38      128 
Grade 7-8                        
  $26,322  $107,230  $44,037  $34,066  $25,463  $77,634  $158,602  $473,354 
Commercial development                                
Grades 1-3 $  $99  $  $  $  $  $  $99 
Grade 4                        
Grade 5                        
Grade 6                        
Grade 7-8                        
  $  $99  $  $  $  $  $  $99 
Commercial improved                                
Grades 1-3 $6,992  $18,654  $33,327  $10,894  $14,484  $17,925  $2,915  $105,191 
Grade 4  1,778   37,516   37,376   43,647   17,937   3,321   3,200   144,775 
Grade 5     148      29   2,227   3,171   50   5,625 
Grade 6        303               303 
Grade 7-8                        
  $8,770  $56,318  $71,006  $54,570  $34,648  $24,417  $6,165  $255,894 
Manufacturing and industrial                                
Grades 1-3 $786  $17,839  $4,829  $8,562  $4,370  $7,459  $430  $44,275 
Grade 4  6,709   27,464   15,090   7,933   5,805   14,188   145   77,334 
Grade 5     177   94         810   495   1,576 
Grade 6                 2,292      2,292 
Grade 7-8                        
  $7,495  $45,480  $20,013  $16,495  $10,175  $24,749  $1,070  $125,477 
Residential development                                
Grades 1-3 $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 
Grade 4  322   3,837   1,455            1,387   7,001 
Grade 5                        
Grade 6                        
Grade 7-8                        
  $322  $3,837  $1,455  $  $  $  $1,387  $7,001 
Residential improved                                
Grades 1-3 $4,587  $7,574  $1,442  $9,544  $258  $5,442  $401  $29,248 
Grade 4  4,037   568   30,241   1,988   7,233   15,710   27,122   86,899 
Grade 5        30               30 
Grade 6                        
Grade 7-8                        
  $8,624  $8,142  $31,713  $11,532  $7,491  $21,152  $27,523  $116,177 
Vacant and unimproved                                
Grades 1-3 $  $4,503  $7,725  $7,210  $  $110  $646  $20,194 
Grade 4  952   2,897   3,721   8,332   163   117   982   17,164 
Grade 5  1,342                     1,342 
Grade 6                        
Grade 7-8                        
  $2,294  $7,400  $11,446  $15,542  $163  $227  $1,628  $38,700 
                                 
Total Commercial      
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
Grades 1-3 $26,670  $109,421  $66,278  $43,556  $33,990  $78,009  $74,934  $432,858 
Grade 4  25,815   118,377   112,873   88,213   41,624   63,744   110,650   561,296 
Grade 5  1,342   667   167   436   2,326   4,096   10,791   19,825 
Grade 6     41   352         2,330      2,723 
Grade 7-8                        
  $53,827  $228,506  $179,670  $132,205  $77,940  $148,179  $196,375  $1,016,702 
-29-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)

The following table summarizes loan ratings by grade for commercial loans as of December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):

  

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year and Risk Grades

         

December 31, 2023

 

2023

  

2022

  

2021

  

2020

  

2019

  

Prior

  

Revolving

  

Total

 

Commercial

                                

Commercial and industrial

                                

Grades 1-3

 $44,605  $50,019  $14,727  $4,795  $11,941  $33,652  $64,840  $224,579 

Grade 4

  83,219   41,778   18,081   12,245   1,954   42,601   70,902   270,780 

Grade 5

     1,254   49   269   2   1,559   8,459   11,592 

Grade 6

        5         18      23 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $127,824  $93,051  $32,862  $17,309  $13,897  $77,830  $144,201  $506,974 

Residential development

                                

Grades 1-3

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $  $ 

Grade 4

  887   102               4,820   5,809 

Grade 5

                        

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $887  $102  $  $  $  $  $4,820  $5,809 

Unsecured to residential developers

                                

Grades 1-3

 $  $  $  $  $  $  $800  $800 

Grade 4

                        

Grade 5

                        

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $  $  $  $  $  $  $800  $800 

Vacant and unimproved

                                

Grades 1-3

 $928  $7,118  $9,694  $6,703  $  $70  $520  $25,033 

Grade 4

  2,961   1,315   729   7,811   154      207   13,177 

Grade 5

  1,324                     1,324 

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $5,213  $8,433  $10,423  $14,514  $154  $70  $727  $39,534 

Commercial development

                                

Grades 1-3

 $  $84  $  $  $  $  $  $84 

Grade 4

                        

Grade 5

                        

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $  $84  $  $  $  $  $  $84 

Residential improved

                                

Grades 1-3

 $5,708  $13,755  $1,235  $8,408  $248  $4,511  $719  $34,584 

Grade 4

  2,106   545   34,461   1,173   7,021   15,188   28,771   89,265 

Grade 5

        26               26 

Grade 6

                        

Grade 7-8

                        
  $7,814  $14,300  $35,722  $9,581  $7,269  $19,699  $29,490  $123,875 

Commercial improved

                                

Grades 1-3

 $13,475  $19,837  $49,452  $18,894  $11,866  $11,526  $4,851  $129,901 

Grade 4

  11,627   34,347   20,551   30,722   24,118   2,033   1,754   125,152 

Grade 5

     22         1,761   3,060      4,843 

Grade 6

        292               292 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $25,102  $54,206  $70,295  $49,616  $37,745  $16,619  $6,605  $260,188 

Manufacturing and industrial

                                

Grades 1-3

 $8,005  $41,463  $5,742  $6,417  $4,261  $3,756  $802  $70,446 

Grade 4

  16,604   26,292   12,028   7,412   5,467   12,924   350   81,077 

Grade 5

  167               295      462 

Grade 6

  232               2,592      2,824 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $25,008  $67,755  $17,770  $13,829  $9,728  $19,567  $1,152  $154,809 
                                 

Total Commercial

                                

Grades 1-3

 $72,721  $132,276  $80,850  $45,217  $28,316  $53,515  $72,532  $485,427 

Grade 4

  117,404   104,379   85,850   59,363   38,714   72,746   106,804   585,260 

Grade 5

  1,491   1,276   75   269   1,763   4,914   8,459   18,247 

Grade 6

  232      297         2,610      3,139 

Grade 7-8

                        
  $191,848  $237,931  $167,072  $104,849  $68,793  $133,785  $187,795  $1,092,073 

- 30-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 3LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES (Continued)

The Company considers the performance of the loan portfolio and its impact on the allowance for credit losses. For consumer loan classes, the Company also evaluates credit quality based on the aging status of the loan, which was previously presented, and by payment activity. The following table presentstables present the recorded investment in consumer loans by year of origination and based on delinquency status at March 31, 2024  and December 31, 2023  (dollars in thousands):

  

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year

         

March 31, 2024

 

2024

  

2023

  

2022

  

2021

  

2020

  

Prior

  

Revolving

  

Total

 

Retail

                                

Residential mortgage

                                

Performing

 $9,265  $68,930  $38,956  $24,798  $9,293  $30,950  $13,731  $195,923 

Nonperforming

                        
  $9,265  $68,930  $38,956  $24,798  $9,293  $30,950  $13,731  $195,923 

Consumer unsecured

                                

Performing

 $  $  $  $  $10  $79  $  $89 

Nonperforming

                        
  $  $  $  $  $10  $79  $  $89 

Home equity

                                

Performing

 $135  $490  $626  $211  $443  $1,939  $49,907  $53,751 

Nonperforming

                        
  $135  $490  $626  $211  $443  $1,939  $49,907  $53,751 

Other

                                

Performing

 $260  $1,638  $564  $506  $185  $123  $  $3,276 

Nonperforming

                        
  $260  $1,638  $564  $506  $185  $123  $  $3,276 
                                 

Total Retail

 $9,660  $71,058  $40,146  $25,515  $9,931  $33,091  $63,638  $253,039 

  

Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year

         

December 31, 2023

 

2023

  

2022

  

2021

  

2020

  

2019

  

Prior

  

Revolving

  

Total

 

Retail

                                

Residential mortgage

                                

Performing

 $71,574  $39,537  $25,400  $9,588  $4,868  $27,510  $11,341  $189,818 

Nonperforming

                        
  $71,574  $39,537  $25,400  $9,588  $4,868  $27,510  $11,341  $189,818 

Consumer unsecured

                                

Performing

 $  $  $  $11  $13  $  $105  $129 

Nonperforming

                        
  $  $  $  $11  $13  $  $105  $129 

Home equity

                                

Performing

 $518  $661  $217  $451  $209  $1,866  $49,117  $53,039 

Nonperforming

                        
  $518  $661  $217  $451  $209  $1,866  $49,117  $53,039 

Other

                                

Performing

 $1,752  $658  $545  $220  $32  $120  $  $3,327 

Nonperforming

                        
  $1,752  $658  $545  $220  $32  $120  $  $3,327 
                                 

Total Retail

 $73,844  $40,856  $26,162  $10,270  $5,122  $29,496  $60,563  $246,313 

- 31-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
  Term Loans Amortized Cost Basis By Origination Year       
March 31, 2023 2023  2022  2021  2020  2019  Prior  Revolving  Total 
Retail                        
Residential mortgage                        
Performing $17,336  $42,826  $27,298  $10,419  $5,322  $33,520  $11,880  $148,601 
Nonperforming                 75      75 
  $17,336  $42,826  $27,298  $10,419  $5,322  $33,595  $11,880  $148,676 
Consumer unsecured                                
Performing $  $  $  $13  $15  $26  $52  $106 
Nonperforming                        
  $  $  $  $13  $15  $26  $52  $106 
Home equity                                
Performing $71  $901  $233  $489  $249  $2,324  $48,380  $52,647 
Nonperforming                        
  $71  $901  $233  $489  $249  $2,324  $48,380  $52,647 
Other                                
Performing $304  $1,133  $687  $360  $100  $224  $  $2,808 
Nonperforming                        
  $304  $1,133  $687  $360  $100  $224  $  $2,808 
                                 
Total Retail $17,711  $44,860  $28,218  $11,281  $5,686  $36,169  $60,312  $204,237 

The following table presents the recorded investment in consumer loans based on payment status at December 31, 2022 (dollars in thousands):

December 31, 2022
 
Residential
Mortgage
  
Consumer
Unsecured
  
Home
Equity
  
Consumer
Other
 
Performing $139,071  $121  $56,321  $2,839 
Nonperforming  77          
Total $139,148  $121  $56,321  $2,839 
(Unaudited)

-30-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE


ASC Topic 820,Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value include:



Level 1:

Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.



Level 2:

Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.



Level 3:

Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’sentity's own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.


Investment Securities: The fair values of investment securities are determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’securities' relationship to other benchmark quoted securities (Level 2 inputs). The fair values of certain securities held to maturity are determined by computing discounted cash flows using observable and unobservable market inputs (Level 3 inputs).


Loans Held for Sale: The fair value of loans held for sale is based upon binding quotes from third party investors (Level 2 inputs).


ImpairedCollateral Dependent Loans: Loans identified as impairedcollateral dependent are measured using one of threetwo methods: the loan’s observable market price or the fair value of collateral or the present value of expected future cash flows.collateral.  For each period presented, no impaired collateral dependent loans were measured using the loan’s observable market price.  If an impaireda collateral dependent loan has had a charge-off or if the fair value of the collateral is less than the recorded investment in the loan, we establish a specific reserve and report the loan as nonrecurring Level 3.  The fair value of collateral of impairedfor collateral dependent loans is generally based on recent real estate appraisals, less costs to sell. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value.


Other Real Estate Owned: Other real estate owned (OREO) properties are initially recorded at fair value, less estimated costs to sell when acquired, establishing a new cost basis.  Adjustments to OREO are measured at fair value, less costs to sell. Fair values are generally based on third party appraisals or realtor evaluations of the property. These appraisals and evaluations may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach.  Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available. Such adjustments are usually significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification. In cases where the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, less estimated costs to sell, an impairment loss is recognized through a valuation allowance, and the property is reported as nonrecurring Level 3.

Interest Rate Swaps: For interest rate swap agreements, we measure fair value utilizing pricing provided by a third-partythird-party pricing source that that uses market observable inputs, such as forecasted yield curves, and other unobservable inputs and accordingly, interest rate swap agreements are classified as Level 3.2.

- 32-


-31-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE (Continued)


Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):


   Fair  
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
  
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
  Value
  (Level 1)
  (Level 2)
  (Level 3)
 
March 31, 2023
            
Available for sale securities            
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities $241,858  $  $241,858  $ 
U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs  122,244      122,244    
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  36,949      36,949    
Taxable state and municipal bonds  113,137      113,137    
Corporate bonds and other debt securities  11,771      11,771    
Other equity securities  1,321      1,321    
Loans held for sale  87      87    
Interest rate swaps  5,294      5,294    
Total assets measured at fair value on recurring basis $532,661  $  $532,661  $ 
                 
Interest rate swaps  (5,294)     (5,294)   
Total liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis $(5,294) $  $(5,294) $ 
                 
December 31, 2022
                
Available for sale securities                
U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities $224,634  $  $224,634  $ 
U.S. Agency MBS and CMOs  113,818      113,818    
Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds  36,710      36,710    
Taxable state and municipal bonds  112,171      112,171    
Corporate bonds and other debt securities  11,924      11,924    
Other equity securities  1,304      1,304    
Loans held for sale  215      215    
Interest rate swaps  6,463      6,463    
Total assets measured at fair value on recurring basis $507,239  $  $507,239  $ 
                 
Interest rate swaps  (6,463)     (6,463)   
Total liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis $(6,463) $  $(6,463) $ 

      

Quoted Prices in

         
      

Active Markets

  

Significant Other

  

Significant

 
      

for Identical

  

Observable

  

Unobservable

 
  

Fair

  

Assets

  

Inputs

  

Inputs

 
  

Value

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

 

March 31, 2024

                

Available for sale securities

                

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

 $235,081  $  $235,081  $ 

Agency MBS and CMOs

  107,032      107,032    

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  30,281      30,281    

Taxable state and municipal bonds

  107,501      107,501    

Corporate bonds and other debt securities

  11,319      11,319    

Other equity securities

  1,307      1,307    

Loans held for sale

            

Interest rate swaps

  5,553      5,553    

Total assets measured at fair value on recurring basis

 $498,074  $  $498,074  $ 
                 

Interest rate swaps

 $(5,553) $  $(5,553) $ 

Total liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis

 $(5,553) $  $(5,553) $ 
                 
                 

December 31, 2023

                

Available for sale securities

                

U.S. Treasury and federal agency securities

 $245,492  $  $245,492  $ 

Agency MBS and CMOs

  111,336      111,336    

Tax-exempt state and municipal bonds

  30,597      30,597    

Taxable state and municipal bonds

  110,076      110,076    

Corporate bonds and other debt securities

  11,297      11,297    

Other equity securities

  1,318      1,318    

Loans held for sale

            

Interest rate swaps

  4,856      4,856    

Total assets measured at fair value on recurring basis

 $514,972  $  $514,972  $ 
                 

Interest rate swaps

 $(4,856) $  $(4,856) $ 

Total liabilities measured at fair value on recurring basis

 $(4,856) $  $(4,856) $ 


- 33-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE (Continued)

Assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis are summarized below (in thousands):


 
 Fair  
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
  
Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
  
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
  Value
  (Level 1)
  (Level 2)
  (Level 3)
 
March 31, 2023
            
Collateral dependent loans
 $327
  $
  $
  $327
 
                 
December 31, 2022
                
Impaired loans $328  $  $  $328 

-32-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 4 – FAIR VALUE (Continued)

      

Quoted Prices in

         
      

Active Markets

  

Significant Other

  

Significant

 
      

for Identical

  

Observable

  

Unobservable

 
  

Fair

  

Assets

  

Inputs

  

Inputs

 
  

Value

  

(Level 1)

  

(Level 2)

  

(Level 3)

 

March 31, 2024

                

Collateral dependent loans

 $300  $  $  $300 
                 

December 31, 2023

                

Collateral dependent loans

 $303  $  $  $303 

Quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements measured on a non-recurring basis was as followsare summarized below at period end (dollars in thousands): . The weighted average for unobservable inputs for collateral-dependent loans is based on the relative fair value of the loans.

  

Asset Fair

 

Valuation

 

Unobservable

    
  

Value

 

Technique

 

Inputs

 

Range % (Weighted Average)

 

March 31, 2024

           

Collateral dependent loans

 $300 

Sales comparison approach

 

Adjustment for differences between comparable sales

  2.0 to 41.0 (37.7) 
     

Income approach

 

Capitalization rate

  7.5 to 8.5 (8.4) 

  

Asset Fair

 

Valuation

 

Unobservable

    
  

Value

 

Technique

 

Inputs

 

Range % (Weighted Average)

 

December 31, 2023

           

Collateral dependent loans

 $303 

Sales comparison approach

 

Adjustment for differences between comparable sales

  2.0 to 41.0 (37.5) 
     

Income approach

 

Capitalization rate

  7.5 to 8.5 (8.4) 

- 34-



 
Asset Fair
Value
 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Inputs
 Range (%)
March 31, 2023         
Collateral dependent loans
 $327 Sales comparison approach 
Adjustment for differences
between comparable sales
 1.5 to 20.0
     Income approach Capitalization rate 9.5 to 11.0


 
Asset Fair
Value
 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Inputs
 Range (%)
December 31, 2022         
Impaired Loans $328 Sales comparison approach 
Adjustment for differences
between comparable sales
 1.5 to 20.0
     Income approach Capitalization rate 9.5 to 11.0

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 4 FAIR VALUE (Continued)

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments, not previously presented, were as follows at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 20222023 (dollars in thousands):



Level in March 31, 2023  December 31, 2022 
 
Fair Value
Hierarchy
 
Carrying
Amount
  
Fair
Value
  
Carrying
Amount
  
Fair
Value
 
Financial assets             
Cash and due from banksLevel 1
 $29,402  $29,402  $51,215  $51,215 
Federal funds sold and other short-term investments
Level 1
  391,336   391,336   703,955   703,955 
Securities held to maturity - U.S. TreasuryLevel 2  251,286   240,012   251,307   237,630 
Securities held to maturity - tax-exempt and muniLevel 3
  97,101   95,547   97,458   95,020 
FHLB stock Level 3
  10,211   10,211   10,211   10,211 
Loans, net Level 2
  1,203,818   1,185,925   1,162,135   1,131,387 
Bank owned life insurance Level 3
  53,557   53,557   53,345   53,345 
Accrued interest receivable Level 2
  8,782   8,782   7,606   7,606 
Financial liabilities                 
Deposits Level 2
  (2,330,895)  (2,331,330)  (2,615,142)  (2,615,860)
Other borrowed funds Level 2
  (30,000)  (28,824)  (30,000)  (28,666)
Accrued interest payable Level 2  (228)  (228)  (114)  (114)
Off-balance sheet credit-related items                 
Loan commitments             

 

Level in

 

March 31, 2024

  

December 31, 2023

 
 

Fair Value

 

Carrying

  

Fair

  

Carrying

  

Fair

 
 

Hierarchy

 

Amount

  

Value

  

Amount

  

Value

 

Financial assets

                 

Cash and due from banks

Level 1

 $27,081  $27,081  $32,317  $32,317 

Federal funds sold and other short-term investments

Level 1

  331,400   331,400   418,035   418,035 

Securities held to maturity - U.S. Treasury

Level 2

  221,211   213,266   251,229   242,709 

Securities held to maturity - tax-exempt and municipal

Level 3

  79,540   78,385   80,294   79,389 

FHLB stock

Level 3

  10,211   10,211   10,211   10,211 

Loans, net

Level 2

  1,324,768   1,299,904   1,320,641   1,308,900 

Bank owned life insurance

Level 3

  54,535   54,535   54,249   54,249 

Accrued interest receivable

Level 2

  10,266   10,266   8,976   8,976 

Financial liabilities

                 

Deposits

Level 2

  (2,284,401)  (2,286,250)  (2,415,730)  (2,417,784)

Other borrowed funds

Level 2

  (20,000)  (19,566)  (30,000)  (29,354)

Accrued interest payable

Level 2

  (687)  (687)  (672)  (672)

Off-balance sheet credit-related items

                 

Loan commitments

            

The methods and assumptions used to estimate fair value are described as follows.

Carrying amount is the estimated fair value for cash and cash equivalents, bank owned life insurance, accrued interest receivable and payable, demand deposits, short-term borrowings and variable rate loans or deposits that reprice frequently and fully. Security fair values are determined by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique widely used in the industry to value debt securities as discussed above. For fixed rate loans, interest-bearing time deposits in other financial institutions, or deposits and for variable rate loans or deposits with infrequent repricing or repricing limits, fair value is based on discounted cash flows using current market rates applied to the estimated life and credit risk (including consideration of widening credit spreads). Fair value of debt is based on current rates for similar financing. It was not practicable to determine the fair value of FHLB stock due to restrictions placed on its transferability, so fair value approximates its cost. The fair value of off-balance sheet credit-related items is not significant.

- 35-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The estimated fair values of financial instruments disclosed above as follow the guidance in ASU 2016-01 which prescribes an “exit price” approach in estimating and disclosing fair value of financial instruments incorporating discounts for credit, liquidity and marketability factors.
(Unaudited)

-33-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 5 - DERIVATIVES


Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from a service provided to certain commercial loan borrowers. The Company executes interest rate swaps with commercial banking customers desiring longer-term fixed rate loans, while simultaneously entering into interest rate swaps with a correspondent bank to offset the impact of the interest rate swaps with the commercial banking customers. The net result is the desired floating rate loans and a minimization of the risk exposure of the interest rate swap transactions. As the interest rate swaps associated with this program do not meet the strict hedge accounting requirements, changes in the fair value of both the commercial banking customer interest rate swaps and the offsetting interest rate swaps with the correspondent bank are recognized directly to earnings. Since they offset perfectly,the difference in the fair value of the derivatives is de minimis, there is no net impact to earnings.


The notional and fair value of derivative instruments as of March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 20222023 are reflected in the following table (dollars in thousands):


  Notional Amount Balance Sheet Location Fair Value 
March 31, 2023
       
Derivative assets       
Interest rate swaps $57,560
 Other Assets $5,294
 
          
Derivative liabilities         
Interest rate swaps  57,560
 Other Liabilities  5,294
 

  Notional Amount Balance Sheet Location Fair Value 
December 31, 2022
         
Derivative assets         
Interest rate swaps $62,661
 Other Assets $6,463
 
          
Derivative liabilities         
Interest rate swaps  62,661
 Other Liabilities  6,463
 

  

Notional Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Fair Value

 

March 31, 2024

         

Derivative assets

         

Interest rate swaps

 $52,832 

Other Assets

 $5,553 
          

Derivative liabilities

         

Interest rate swaps

  52,832 

Other Liabilities

  5,553 

  

Notional Amount

 

Balance Sheet Location

 

Fair Value

 

December 31, 2023

         

Derivative assets

         

Interest rate swaps

 $54,095 

Other Assets

 $4,856 
          

Derivative liabilities

         

Interest rate swaps

  54,095 

Other Liabilities

  4,856 

The fair value of interest rate swaps in a net liability position, which includes accrued interest but excludes any adjustment for nonperformance risk related to these agreements, was $5.3$5.6 million and $6.5$4.9 million as of March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022,2023, respectively.  The Bank has a master netting arrangement with the correspondent bank and has the right to offset, however it has elected to present the assets and liabilities gross.  The Bank is required to pledge collateral to the correspondent bank equal to or in excess of the net liability position.  The Bank's derivative liability with the correspondent bank was $0 at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023Securities pledged as collateral with fair values totaling $1.8 million and $1.7 million were provided to the counterparty correspondent bank as of both March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022, respectively.


2023.

Interest rate swaps entered into with commercial loan customers had notional amounts aggregating $57.6$52.8 million as of March 31, 20232024 and $62.7$54.1 million at December 31, 2022.2023. Associated credit exposure is generally mitigated by securing the interest rate swaps with the underlying collateral of the loan instrument that has been hedged.

- 36-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
-34-NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 6 DEPOSITS


Deposits are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):


  
March 31,
2023
  
December 31,
2022
 
Noninterest-bearing demand $690,444  $834,879 
Interest bearing demand  608,967   760,889 
Savings and money market accounts  858,895   922,418 
Certificates of deposit  172,589   96,956 
  $2,330,895  $2,615,142 

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Noninterest-bearing demand

 $614,325  $643,035 

Interest bearing demand

  561,570   639,689 

Savings and money market accounts

  799,808   820,530 

Certificates of deposit

  308,698   312,476 
  $2,284,401  $2,415,730 

Time deposits that exceeded the FDIC insurance limit of $250,000$250,000 were approximately $56.1$82.0 million at March 31, 20232024 and $29.7$93.4 million at December 31, 2022.2023.


NOTE 7 - OTHER BORROWED FUNDS


Other borrowed funds include advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank and borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank.


Federal Home Loan Bank Advances


At period-end, advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank were as follows (dollars in thousands):


Principal Terms 
Advance
Amount
 Range of Maturities 
Weighted
Average
Interest Rate
 
March 31, 2023       
Single maturity fixed rate advances $10,000 
February 2024
  2.63%
Putable advances  20,000 
November 2024
  1.81%
  $30,000      

Principal Terms 
Advance
Amount
 Range of Maturities 
Weighted
Average
Interest Rate
 
December 31, 2022       
Single maturity fixed rate advances $10,000 
February 2024
  2.63%
Putable advances  20,000 
November 2024
  1.81%
  $30,000      

       

Weighted

 
  

Advance

   

Average

 

Principal Terms

 

Amount

 

Range of Maturities

 

Interest Rate

 

March 31, 2024

         

Putable advance

  20,000 

November 13, 2024

  1.81%
  $20,000      

       

Weighted

 
  

Advance

   

Average

 

Principal Terms

 

Amount

 

Range of Maturities

 

Interest Rate

 

December 31, 2023

         

Single maturity fixed rate advance

 $10,000 

February 21, 2024

  2.63%

Putable advance

  20,000 

November 13, 2024

  1.81%
  $30,000      

Each advance is subject to a prepayment fee if paid prior to its maturity date. Fixed rate advances are payable at maturity. Amortizable mortgage advances are fixed rate advances with scheduled repayments based upon amortization to maturity. These advances were collateralized by residential and commercial real estate loans totaling $453.2$480.6 million and $446.1$473.1 million under a blanket lien arrangement atMarch 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022,2023, respectively. The remaining $20.0 million putable advance at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 20222023 had a one-timeone-time put option on November 13, 2020. The FHLB did not exercise this option.
  The $10.0 million single maturity fixed rate advance was paid at maturity on February 21, 2024.

- 37-

-35-MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 7 - OTHER BORROWED FUNDS (Continued)


Scheduled repayments of FHLB advances as of March 31, 20232024 were as follows (in thousands):


2023
 $ 
2024
  30,000 
2025
   
2026
   
2027
   
Thereafter
   
  $30,000 

2024

 $20,000 

2025

   

2026

   

2027

   

2028

   

Thereafter

   
  $20,000 

Federal Reserve Bank borrowings


Borrowings

The Company has a financing arrangement with the Federal Reserve Bank.  There were no borrowings outstanding at March 31,, 2023 2024 and December 31, 20222023, and the Company had approximately $1.5$1.7 million and $5.5$1.1 million in unused borrowing capacity based on commercial and mortgage loans pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank totaling $1.6$1.8 million and $5.8$1.1 million at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 20222023, respectively.  

In March 2023, the Federal Reserve Bank implemented a new lending facility called the Bank Term Funding Program.  This program allowsallowed a bank to borrow against its investment portfolio, at par, value, with no reduction for unrealized losses.  The term is for one year and interest rate is fixed at the time the advance is taken and there is no prepayment penalty.  Allowable investments for pledge are those the Federal Reserve Bank can own. This would include all of the Company’s investments except municipal securities and corporate bonds. At March 31, 2023, the Company had no advances under this program and had $642.2 million in unused borrowing capacity under this program.  The program expiresexpired on March 11, 2024.
2024
and the Bank did not take any advances from the program.


NOTE 8 - EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE


A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted earnings per common share for the three month periods ended March 31, 2023 2024 and 20222023 are as follows (dollars in thousands, except per share data):

  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Net income

 $9,793  $12,004 
         

Weighted average shares outstanding, including participating stock awards - Basic

 $34,361,562  $34,297,221 
         

Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted

  34,361,562   34,297,221 
         

Basis and diluted earnings per common share

 $0.29  $0.35 

- 38-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
 
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Net income available to common shares $12,004  $6,000 
Weighted average shares outstanding, including participating stock awards - Basic  34,297,221   34,254,772 
Dilutive potential common shares:        
Stock options      
Weighted average shares outstanding - Diluted  34,297,221   34,254,772 
Basic earnings per common share $0.35  $0.18 
Diluted earnings per common share $0.35  $0.18 

There were no antidilutive shares of common stock in the three month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.

-36-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 9 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES


Income tax expense was as follows (dollars in thousands):


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Current $2,825  $935 
Deferred  150  456 
  $2,975  $1,391 

  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Current

 $2,269  $2,825 

Deferred

  80   150 
  $2,349  $2,975 

The difference between the financial statement tax expense and amount computed by applying the statutory federal tax rate to pretax income was reconciled as follows (dollars in thousands):


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Statutory rate  21%  21%
Statutory rate applied to income before taxes $3,146  $1,552 
Deduct        
Tax-exempt interest income  (147)  (154)
Bank-owned life insurance  (42)  (50)
Other, net  18   43 
  $2,975  $1,391 

  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Statutory rate

  21%  21%

Statutory rate applied to income before taxes

 $2,550  $3,146 

Deduct

        

Tax-exempt interest income

  (117)  (147)

Bank-owned life insurance

  (58)  (42)

Other, net

  (26)  18 
  $2,349  $2,975 

The realization of deferred tax assets is largely dependent upon future taxable income, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and the ability to carryback losses to available tax years. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider positive and negative evidence, including taxable income in carry-back years, scheduled reversals of deferred tax liabilities, expected future taxable income and tax planning strategies. Management believes it is more likely than not that all of the deferred tax assets at March 31, 20232024 will be realized against deferred tax liabilities and projected future taxable income.

- 39-


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 9 - FEDERAL INCOME TAXES (Continued)

The net deferred tax asset recorded included the following amounts of deferred tax assets and liabilities (dollars in thousands):


  
March 31,
2023
  
December 31,
2022
 
Deferred tax assets      
Allowance for loan losses $3,527  $3,210 
Net deferred loan fees      
Nonaccrual loan interest  12   12 
Valuation allowance on other real estate owned      
Unrealized loss on securities available for sale and transferred to held to maturity
  
6,980
   
8,394
 
Other  297   257 
Gross deferred tax assets  10,816   11,873 
Valuation allowance      
Total net deferred tax assets  10,816   11,873 
Deferred tax liabilities        
Depreciation  (1,104)  (1,098)
Net deferred loan fees  (20)  (309)
Prepaid expenses  (309)  (21)
Other  (912)  (733)
Gross deferred tax liabilities  (2,345)  (2,161)
Net deferred tax asset $8,471  $9,712 

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Deferred tax assets

        

Allowance for credit losses

 $3,662  $3,663 

Nonaccrual loan interest

  13   13 

Unrealized loss on securities available for sale

  6,358   6,095 

Other

  265   262 

Gross deferred tax assets

  10,298   10,033 

Valuation allowance

      

Total net deferred tax assets

  10,298   10,033 

Deferred tax liabilities

        

Depreciation

  (997)  (1,003)

Prepaid expenses

  (303)  (303)

Net deferred loan costs

  (52)  (35)

Accretion

  (1,238)  (1,139)

Other

  (323)  (351)

Gross deferred tax liabilities

  (2,913)  (2,831)

Deferred tax asset - net

 $7,385  $7,202 

There were no unrecognized tax benefits at March 31, 20232024 or December 31, 20222023 and the Company does not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits to significantly increase or decrease in the next twelve months. The Company is no longer subject to examinationaudit by the Internal Revenue Service for years before 2020.


-37-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 10 COMMITMENTS AND OFF BALANCE-SHEET RISK


Some financial instruments are used to meet customer financing needs and to reduce exposure to interest rate changes. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit. These involve, to varying degrees, credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount reported in the financial statements.


Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the commitment, and generally have fixed expiration dates.  Collateral or other security is normally not obtained for these financial instruments prior to their use and many of the commitments are expected to expire without being used.  Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments to guarantee a customer’s performance to a third party.  Exposure to credit loss if the other partycustomer does not perform is represented by the contractual amount for commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit.  At March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the reserve for unfunded commitments was $61,000$69,000 and was included in other liabilities in the Company’sCompany's consolidated balance sheet.

- 40-

MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 10 COMMITMENTS AND OFF BALANCE-SHEET RISK (Continued)

A summary of the contractual amounts of financial instruments with off‑balance‑sheet risk was as follows at period-end (dollars in thousands):


  
March 31,
2023
  
December 31,
2022
 
Commitments to extend credit
 $115,100  $77,384 
Letters of credit  11,937   13,455 
Unused lines of credit  719,013   745,674 

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Commitments to extend credit

 $106,820  $86,209 

Letters of credit

  7,747   10,384 

Unused lines of credit

  680,108   693,392 

The notional amount of commitments to fund mortgage loans to be sold into the secondary market was approximately $82,000 and $0 at both March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022, respectively.


2023.

The Bank enters into commitments to sell mortgage backed securities, which it later buys back in order to hedge its exposure to interest rate risk in its mortgage pipeline. These commitments were approximately $1.1 million and $0$500,000 at March 31, 20232024 and $1.3 million December 31, 2022,2023, respectively.


At March 31, 2023,2024, approximately 67.2%67.0% of the Bank’s commitments to make loans were at fixed rates, offered at current market rates. The remainder of the commitments to make loans were at variable rates tied to prime or one month term SOFR and generally expire within 30 days. The majority of the unused lines of credit were at variable rates tied to prime or SOFR.


NOTE 11 CONTINGENCIES


The Company and its subsidiaries periodically become defendants in certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. As of March 31, 2023,2024, there were no material pending legal proceedings to which the Company or any of its subsidiaries are a party or which any of its properties are the subject.


NOTE 12 SHAREHOLDERS’ SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY


Regulatory Capital


The Company and the Bank are subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Capital adequacy guidelines and prompt corrective action regulations involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance-sheet items calculated under regulatory accounting practices. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors, and the regulators can lower classifications in certain cases. Failure to meet various capital requirements can initiate regulatory action that could have a direct material effect on the financial statements.


The prompt corrective action regulations provide five categories, including well capitalized, adequately capitalized, undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used to represent overall financial condition. If a bank is only adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to, among other things, accept, renew or roll-over brokered deposits. If a bank is undercapitalized, capital distributions and growth and expansion are limited, and plans for capital restoration are required.

- 41-

-38-

Index
MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
NOTE 12 – SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY(Continued)
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

NOTE 12 SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Continued)

The regulatory capital requirements include a common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio (CET1(CET1 ratio) of 4.5% and a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, which effectively results in a minimum CET1 ratio of 7.0%. The minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets is 6.0% (which, with the capital conservation buffer, effectively results in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%), which effectively results in a minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 10.5% (with the capital conservation buffer). The minimum leverage ratio is 4.0%.


At March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 20222023, actual capital levels and minimum required levels were (dollars in thousands):


        
Minimum
Capital
  
Minimum Capital
Adequacy With
  
To Be Well
Capitalized Under
Prompt Corrective
 
  Actual  Adequacy  Capital Buffer  Action Regulations 
  Amount  Ratio  Amount  Ratio  Amount  Ratio  Amount  Ratio 
March 31, 2023                        
CET1 capital (to risk weighted assets)                        
Consolidated $286,826   17.1
% $75,561   4.5% $117,539   7.0%  N/A   N/A 
Bank  278,347   16.6
   75,558   4.5   117,535   7.0  $109,139   6.5%
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)                                
Consolidated  286,826   17.1
   100,748   6.0   142,726   8.5   N/A   N/A 
Bank  278,347   16.6
   100,744   6.0   142,720   8.5   134,325   8.0 
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)                                
Consolidated  303,620   18.1
   134,331   8.0   176,309   10.5   N/A   N/A 
Bank  295,141   17.6
   134,325   8.0   176,302   10.5   167,906   10.0 
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)                                
Consolidated  286,826   10.3
   111,845   4.0   N/A   N/A   N/A   N/A 
Bank  278,347   10.0
   111,839   4.0   N/A   N/A   139,799   5.0 
                                 
December 31, 2022                                
CET1 capital (to risk weighted assets)                                
Consolidated $278,615   16.9% $74,003   4.5% $115,116   7.0%  N/A   N/A 
Bank  270,274   16.4   73,992   4.5   115,098   7.0  $106,877   6.5%
Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)                                
Consolidated  278,615   16.9   98,670   6.0   139,783   8.5   N/A   N/A 
Bank  270,274   16.4   98,655   6.0   139,762   8.5   131,540   8.0 
Total capital (to risk weighted assets)                                
Consolidated  293,900   17.9   131,561   8.0   172,673   10.5   N/A   N/A 
Bank  285,559   17.4   131,540   8.0   172,647   10.5   164,426   10.0 
Tier 1 capital (to average assets)                                
Consolidated  278,615   9.7   114,589   4.0   N/A   N/A   N/A   N/A 
Bank  270,274   9.4   114,582   4.0   N/A   N/A   143,227
   5.0 

                          

To Be Well

 
          

Minimum

  

Minimum Capital

  

Capitalized Under

 
          

Capital

  

Adequacy With

  

Prompt Corrective

 
  

Actual

  

Adequacy

  

Capital Buffer

  

Action Regulations

 
  

Amount

  

Ratio

  

Amount

  

Ratio

  

Amount

  

Ratio

  

Amount

  

Ratio

 

March 31, 2024

                                

CET1 capital (to risk weighted assets)

                                

Consolidated

 $316,892   18.2% $78,541   4.5% $122,174   7.0%  N/A   N/A 

Bank

  308,429   17.7   78,538   4.5   122,170   7.0  $113,443   6.5%

Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)

                                

Consolidated

  316,892   18.2   104,721   6.0   148,354   8.5   N/A   N/A 

Bank

  308,429   17.7   104,717   6.0   148,349   8.5   139,622   8.0 

Total capital (to risk weighted assets)

                                

Consolidated

  334,332   19.2   139,628   8.0   183,261   10.5   N/A   N/A 

Bank

  325,869   18.7   139,622   8.0   183,254   10.5   174,528   10.0 

Tier 1 capital (to average assets)

                                

Consolidated

  316,892   11.8   107,121   4.0   N/A   N/A   N/A   N/A 

Bank

  308,429   11.5   107,116   4.0   N/A   N/A   133,895   5.0 
                                 

December 31, 2023

                                

CET1 capital (to risk weighted assets)

                                

Consolidated

 $310,015   17.7% $78,836   4.5% $122,634   7.0%  N/A   N/A 

Bank

  300,943   17.2   78,825   4.5   122,617   7.0  $113,859   6.5%

Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets)

                                

Consolidated

  310,015   17.7   105,115   6.0   148,913   8.5   N/A   N/A 

Bank

  300,943   17.2   105,100   6.0   148,892   8.5   140,134   8.0 

Total capital (to risk weighted assets)

                                

Consolidated

  327,457   18.7   140,153   8.0   183,951   10.5   N/A   N/A 

Bank

  318,385   18.2   140,134   8.0   183,925   10.5   175,167   10.0 

Tier 1 capital (to average assets)

                                

Consolidated

  310,015   11.4   109,284   4.0   N/A   N/A   N/A   N/A 

Bank

  300,943   11.0   109,283   4.0   N/A   N/A   136,604   5.0 

The Bank was categorized as “well capitalized”"well capitalized" at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022.2023.


-39-

Index- 42-

 

Item2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Macatawa Bank Corporation is a Michigan corporation and a registered bank holding company. It wholly-owns Macatawa Bank. Macatawa Bank is a Michigan chartered bank with depository accounts insured by the FDIC. The Bank operates twenty-six branch offices and a lending and operational service facility, providing a full range of commercial and consumer banking and trust services in Kent County, Ottawa County, and northern Allegan County, Michigan. For further information regarding consolidation, see the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

At March 31, 2023,2024, we had total assets of $2.64$2.61 billion, total loans of $1.22$1.34 billion, total deposits of $2.33$2.28 billion and shareholders’shareholders' equity of $260.6$293.0 million.  For the three months ended March 31, 2023,2024, we recognized net income of $12.0$9.8 million compared to $6.0$12.0 million for the same period in 2022.2023. The Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” under regulatory capital standards at March 31, 2023.

2024.

We paid a dividend of $0.08$0.09 per share in each quarter in 2022 and in the first quarter of 2024, $0.08 per share in the first three quarters in 2023, and $0.09 per share in the fourth quarter of 2023.


On April 15, 2024, the Company entered into a definitive merger agreement with Wintrust Financial Corporation (“Wintrust”) (Nasdaq: WTFC) for Wintrust to acquire the Company in an all-stock transaction.  Subject to possible adjustment as provided in the merger agreement, the aggregate purchase price to the Company's shareholders is estimated to be approximately $510.3 million, or $14.85 per share.  In the merger, each share of the Company's common stock outstanding will be converted into the right to receive merger consideration paid in shares of Wintrust common stock. 

The exchange ratio used to determine the number of shares to be issued will be subject to a symmetrical $12.00 collar using a reference price of $101.03 for Wintrust common stock to establish the high and low ends of the collar.  The exchange ratio will be variable within the collar, such that if the closing price is within the collar, the aggregate value of the merger consideration will be fixed at approximately $510.3 million; and if the closing price is outside of the collar, the exchange ratio will be a fixed amount both at the high and low ends of the collar, resulting in the aggregate value of the merger consideration being variable outside of the collar. 

If the closing Price is greater than or equal to $89.03 but less than or equal to $113.03, Macatawa shareholders will be entitled to receive between 0.1314 and 0.1668 shares of Wintrust common stock per share of Macatawa common stock. Macatawa shareholders will be entitled to receive 0.1668 shares of Wintrust common Stock per share of Macatawa common stock if the closing price is below $89.03, and 0.1314 shares of Wintrust common stock per share of Macatawa common stock if the closing price is above $113.03.  The “closing price” will be determined using the volume-weighted average price of Wintrust common stock as reported under the heading “Bloomberg VWAP” on the Bloomberg page for Wintrust, for each trading day during the ten trading day period ending on the second trading day prior to the closing date of the merger.

Following the effective time of the merger, the Company’s bank subsidiary, Macatawa Bank, will maintain its separate bank charter and will continue to operate under the Macatawa Bank name. Macatawa Bank will maintain a separate, legally constituted board of directors consisting of certain existing directors and new directors generally residing and doing business locally in the West Michigan community.  Completion of the merger is subject to shareholder and regulatory approvals and the satisfaction of other customary closing conditions and is expected to occur in the second half of 2024. 

Additional information about the merger may be found in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 15, 2024, which is incorporated herein by reference.

In early March 2023, overthree bank failures caused concern regarding the coursefinancial condition and stability of five days, three largethe banking industry in general.  We believe that, due to the strength of Macatawa Bank Corporation's financial institutionscondition, there was little impact of this concern on the Company.  While our deposits decreased by $284.2 million in the United States failed.  Silvergate Bank self liquidated and Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank were both closed by the FDIC. These bank failures were driven by rapid withdrawals by depositors with large uninsured balances held at these institutions and losses incurred by these banks in liquidating their bond portfolios to provide liquidity to fund these deposit outflows.   Silvergate Bank’s failure was also caused by its exposure to FTX and Alameda cryptocurrency firm failures.   The FDIC determined that Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank were systematically important and fully guaranteed their depositor balances above the $250,000 FDIC insurance limit.  Given the sharp increase in market interest rates during 2022 and into 2023, most financial institutions’ bond portfolios have significant unrealized loss positions.  In response to this, the FRB created a new borrowing facility called the Bank Term Funding Program.  This program allows a bank to borrow against its investment portfolio, at par value, with no reduction for unrealized losses.  The term is for one year and interest rate is fixed at the time the advance is taken and there is no prepayment penalty.  Allowable investments for pledge are those the FRB can own.  This would include allfirst quarter of the Company’s investments except municipal securities and corporate bonds.  At March 31, 2023, the Company had no advances under this program and had $642.2 million in unused borrowing capacity under this program.  The program expires on March 11, 2024.


At March 31, 2023, the Company had $391.3 million in federal funds sold and overnight balances and had total additional borrowing capacity of $951 million, including $242.3 million in unused availability with the FHLB, $65.0 million in available fed funds facilities with correspondent banks, $1.5 million in availability at the FRB’s Discount Window and the $642.2 million availability in the FRB Bank Term Funding Program discussed above.  Given the flexibility of borrowing structure options with the FHLB, if the Company needed to borrow, we would likely utilize our FHLB capacity first.  At March 31, 2023, our uninsured deposits totaled approximately $962.7 million, or 41% of total deposits, and our liquidity sources exceeded the amount of uninsured deposit balances by over $300 million.

While the Bank experienced a decline in deposit balances during the three months ended March 31, 2023, most of the decline took place prior to the early March 2023 bank failures noted. Our deposit base is primarily made up of many small accounts, and balances at March 31, 20232024 were comprised of 48%46% personal customers and 52%54% business customers.  Our core deposits - which we define as deposits we have sourced within our local markets - represented 100% of our total deposits at March 31, 2023.2024.  Our total deposit balancesbalance of $2.33$2.28 billion at March 31, 2023 remain2024 remains elevated, reflecting a $625.5$579.0 million increase, or 37%34%, over pre-pandemic totals of $1.71 billion as of March 31, 2020.

-40-

Regarding our liquidity position, at March 31, 2024, the Company had $331.4 million in federal funds sold and overnight balances, $491.2 million in securities available for sale and had total additional borrowing capacity of $354.0 million, including $287.3 million in unused availability with the FHLB, $65.0 million in available fed funds facilities with correspondent banks, and  $1.7 million in availability at the FRB's Discount Window. At March 31, 2024, our uninsured deposits totaled approximately $940.6 million, or 41% of total deposits. We believe we have sufficient liquid resources to cover all uninsured deposits at March 31, 2024. 

Index

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary: Net income for the three months ended March 31, 20232024 was $12.0$9.8 million, compared to $6.0$12.0 million for the same period in 2022.2023. Net income per share on a diluted basis for the three months ended March 31, 20232024 was $0.35$0.29 compared to $0.18$0.35 for the same period in 2022.

2023. 

The increasedecrease in earnings in the three months ended March 31, 20232024 compared to the same periodperiods in 20222023 was due primarily to higherlower levels of net interest income and higher noninterest expense, partially offset by lower mortgage banking income and a provision for credit losses benefit recorded in the first quarter of 2022.  Throughout 2022, beginning in March,higher noninterest income.  During 2023, the Federal Reserve Bank increased the federal funds rate several times, bringing the high end of their rate range rate from 0.25% at the beginning of 2022 to 4.50% at the end of 2022.  The Federal Reserve Bank raised this rate an additional 50by 100 basis points to 5.00% during the three months ended March 31, 2023.points.  Given our asset sensitive balance sheet posture,portfolio of assets is comprised largely of variable-rate instruments with shorter durations, our interest income was positively impacted by this had a significant positive impact on ourrise in interest rates. At the same time, increases in interest income were offset by increases in interest expense, largely due from higher time deposit costs. Lower levels of average overnight funds in first quarter 2024, coupled with higher average balances in time deposits were the primary reason for the decrease in net interest income.  Net interest income increased to $22.6$20.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 20232024 compared to $12.7$22.6 million in the same period in 2022.   Gains on sales2023. 

-43-

The provision for credit losses was $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2023,2024, compared to a benefit (income) of $1.5 million$0 for the same period in 2022.2023. We were in a slight net loan recoverycharge-off position for the three months ended March 31, 2023,2024, with $33,000$2,000 in net loan recoveries,charge-offs, compared to $227,000$33,000 in net loan recoveries in the same period in 2022.  Several2023. The calculated loss rate in most of our loan types has declined from the previous qualitative environmental factors relatedfirst quarter in 2023 to the COVID-19 pandemic were reduced in the first quarter of 2022, reflecting improvement in economic conditions and success at mitigating the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic,2024, resulting in the net$0 provision benefit recorded in the first quarterthree months of 2022.  Also impacting comparability between periods is our adoption of ASU 2016-13, commonly referred to as CECL, effective January 1, 2023.  At adoption, we increased the allowance for credit losses by $1.5 million.  Provision for2024, despite loan growth during the first quarter 2023 was determined under CECL while the first quarter 2022 was determined under the probable incurred loss model.

of 2024. 

Net Interest Income: Net interest income totaled $22.6$20.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 20232024 compared to $12.7$22.6 million for the same period in 2022.

2023.  Net interest income benefited in each period as a result of the Federal Reserve Bank's federal funds rate increase campaign to combat inflation, which began in March 2022 and has risen 500 basis points since then from 0.50% at the end of March 2022 to 5.50% at the end of September 2023.


Net interest income for the first quarter of 2023 increased $10.02024 decreased  $1.9 million compared to the same period in  2022.2023. Of this increase, $1.4decrease, $2.1 million was from changesa reduction in the volume of average interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities, and $8.6 million was from increasespartially offset by a $183,000 increase from changes in rates earned or paid. The largestlarge changes occurred in interest income on commercial loans and in overnight funds.funds and interest expense on savings, money market and time deposit accounts. The net change in interest income for commercial loans was an increase of  $5.4$2.5 million with an increase of $4.6$1.0 million due to rate and an increase of  $782,000$1.5  million due to portfolio growth. Overnight funds contributed anpartially offset this with a decrease of  $1.7 million, with a  $1.0 million increase of $6.2 million due to changes in rate, partially offset by a reduction of  $394,000$2.7 million due to lower average balances compared to the first quarter of  2022 as excess funds were deployed into loans2023. The net change in interest expense for savings and investment securities.money market deposits was an increase of $1.1 million, with an increase of $1.5 million due to rate and a $377,000 decrease from lower average balances compared to the first quarter of 2023.  The net change in interest expense for time deposits was an increase of $2.7 million, with an increase of $1.1 million due to rate and an increase of $1.5 million due to higher average balancebalances compared to the first quarter of our investment portfolio grew by $326.0 million from $572.7 million2023. 

The cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased to 1.94% in the first quarter of 2022 to $898.7 million in the first quarter of 2023.  This growth resulted in an additional $1.6 million of interest income in the first quarter of 2023.


The cost of funds increased2024 compared to 1.07% in the first quarter of 2023 compared to 0.11% in the first quarter of 2022.2023. Increases in the rates paid on our interest-bearing checking, savings, money market and certificate of deposit accounts in response to the federal funds rate and market rate increases over the past year and market conditionsas well as significant growth in our certificate of deposit account balances caused the increase in our cost of funds.funds in the first quarter of 2024.

-44-

The asset yield improvementimproved to 4.58% in the first quarter of 2024 from 4.15% in the first quarter of 2023 from 1.92%2023.  The cost of funds increased to 1.94% in the first quarter of 2022, far outweighed2024 from 1.07% in the increase in costfirst quarter of funds.2023.  As a result, net interest margin improveddecreased to 3.26% for the first quarter 2024 compared to 3.44% for the first quarter 2023 compared to 1.85% for the first quarter of 2022.


-41-

2023. 

The following table shows an analysis of net interest margin for the three month periods ended March 31, 20232024 and 20222023 (dollars in thousands):


  For the three months ended March 31, 
  2023  2022 
  
Average
Balance
  
Interest
Earned
or Paid
  
Average
Yield
or Cost
  
Average
Balance
  
Interest
Earned
or Paid
  
Average
Yield
or Cost
 
Assets                  
Taxable securities $765,999  $4,481   2.35% $402,863  $1,434   1.43%
Tax-exempt securities (1)  132,692   698   2.71   169,845   731   2.22 
Commercial loans (2)  985,258   13,300   5.40   902,347   7,888   3.50 
PPP loans (3)           20,364   1,052   20.66 
Residential mortgage loans  143,839   1,343   3.73   116,504   939   3.22 
Consumer loans  57,303   1,017   7.20   54,096   519   3.89 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock  10,211   65   2.55   11,019   51   1.84 
Federal funds sold and other short-term investments  555,670   6,362   4.58   1,111,216   529   0.19 
Total interest earning assets (1)  2,650,972   27,266   4.15   2,788,254   13,143   1.92 
Noninterest earning assets:                        
Cash and due from banks  34,615           32,505         
Other  72,007           96,703         
Total assets $2,757,594          $2,917,462         
Liabilities                        
Deposits:                        
Interest bearing demand $690,246  $742   0.43% $706,872  $40   0.02%
Savings and money market accounts  903,236   3,017   1.35   894,976   65   0.03 
Time deposits  134,401   735   2.22   92,244   53   0.23 
Borrowings:                        
Other borrowed funds  30,000   156   2.08   85,002   320   1.51 
Total interest bearing liabilities  1,757,883   4,650   1.07   1,779,094   478   0.11 
Noninterest bearing liabilities:                        
Noninterest bearing demand accounts  732,434           875,223         
Other noninterest bearing liabilities  17,117           11,545         
Shareholders’ equity  250,160           251,600         
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $2,757,594          $2,917,462         
Net interest income     $22,616          $12,665     
Net interest spread (1)          3.08%          1.81%
Net interest margin (1)          3.44%          1.85%
Ratio of average interest earning assets to average interest bearing liabilities  150.80%          156.72%        

  

For the three months ended March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 
      

Interest

  

Average

      

Interest

  

Average

 
  

Average

  

Earned

  

Yield

  

Average

  

Earned

  

Yield

 
  

Balance

  

or Paid

  

or Cost

  

Balance

  

or Paid

  

or Cost

 

Assets

                        

Taxable securities

 $744,352  $4,428   2.38% $765,999  $4,481   2.35%

Tax-exempt securities (1)

  109,137   698   3.29   132,692   698   2.71 

Commercial loans (2)

  1,085,145   15,847   5.78   985,258   13,300   5.40 

Residential mortgage loans

  191,991   2,178   4.53   143,839   1,343   3.73 

Consumer loans

  56,569   1,146   8.15   57,303   1,017   7.20 

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

  10,211   120   4.65   10,211   65   2.55 

Federal funds sold and other short-term investments

  340,396   4,660   5.42   555,670   6,362   4.58 

Total interest earning assets (1)

  2,537,801   29,077   4.58   2,650,972   27,266   4.15 

Noninterest earning assets:

                        

Cash and due from banks

  32,084           34,615         

Other

  78,372           72,007         

Total assets

 $2,648,257          $2,757,594         

Liabilities

                        

Deposits:

                        

Interest bearing demand

 $591,703  $719   0.48% $690,246  $742   0.43%

Savings and money market accounts

  800,106   4,097   2.06   903,236   3,017   1.35 

Time deposits

  314,831   3,405   4.35   134,401   735   2.22 

Borrowings:

                        

Other borrowed funds

  25,615   129   1.99   30,000   156   2.08 

Total interest bearing liabilities

  1,732,255   8,350   1.94   1,757,883   4,650   1.07 

Noninterest bearing liabilities:

                        

Noninterest bearing demand accounts

  609,090           732,434         

Other noninterest bearing liabilities

  19,170           17,117         

Shareholders' equity

  287,742           250,160         

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

 $2,648,257          $2,757,594         

Net interest income

     $20,727          $22,616     

Net interest spread (1)

          2.64%          3.08%

Net interest margin (1)

          3.26%          3.44%

Ratio of average interest earning assets to average interest bearing liabilities

  146.50%          150.80%        

(1)

Yields are presented on a tax equivalent basis using an assumed tax rate of 21% at March 31, 20232024 and 2022.2023.

(2)

Includes loan fees of $148,000$85,000 and $99,000$148,000 for the three months ended March 31, 20232024 and 2022,2023, respectively. Includes average nonaccrual loans of approximately $75,000$1,000 and $90,000$75,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, and 2022, respectively. Excludes PPP loans.

(3)Includes loan fees of $0 and $1.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

-42-

Index-45-

The following table presents the dollar amount of changes in net interest income due to changes in volume and rate for the three month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 (dollars in thousands):


  
For the three months ended March 31,
2023 vs 2022
Increase (Decrease) Due to
 
  Volume  Rate  Total 
          
Interest income         
Taxable securities $1,778  $1,269  $3,047 
Tax-exempt securities  (223)  190   (33)
Commercial loans, excluding PPP loans  782   4,630   5,412 
PPP loans  (1,052)     (1,052)
Residential mortgage loans  241   163   404 
Consumer loans  32   466   498 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock  (4)  18   14 
Federal funds sold and other short-term investments  (394)  6,227   5,833 
Total interest income  1,160   12,963   14,123 
Interest expense            
Interest bearing demand $(1) $703  $702 
Savings and money market accounts  1   2,951   2,952 
Time deposits  35   647   682 
Other borrowed funds  (257)  93   (164)
Long-term debt         
Total interest expense  (222)  4,394   4,172 
Net interest income $1,382  $8,569  $9,951 

  

For the three months ended March 31,

 
  

2024 vs 2023

 
  

Increase (Decrease) Due to

 
  

Volume

  

Rate

  

Total

 
             

Interest income

            

Taxable securities

 $(128) $75  $(53)

Tax-exempt securities

  (176)  176    

Commercial loans

  1,507   1,040   2,547 

PPP loans

         

Residential mortgage loans

  508   327   835 

Consumer loans

  (13)  142   129 

Federal Home Loan Bank stock

     55   55 

Federal funds sold and other short-term investments

  (2,736)  1,034   (1,702)

Total interest income

  (1,038)  2,849   1,811 

Interest expense

            

Interest bearing demand

 $(113) $90  $(23)

Savings and money market accounts

  (377)  1,457   1,080 

Time deposits

  1,545   1,125   2,670 

Other borrowed funds

  (21)  (6)  (27)

Total interest expense

  1,034   2,666   3,700 

Net interest income

 $(2,072) $183  $(1,889)

Provision for Credit Losses: The provision for credit losses for both the three months ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 was $0$0.   Net loan charge-offs were $2,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to a benefitnet loan recoveries of $1.5 million for$33,000 in the same period in 2022.2023.  Total loans increased marginally by $43.2$3.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 which, on its own, creates a need for provision expense; however,2024, the economic forecast used in our calculation improved slightlywas unchanged from January 1,December 31, 2023 to March 31, 2023,2024 and net charge-offs were nominal, thereby offsettinglimiting the need to recordfor any provision expense due to loan portfolio growth.  Net loan recoveries were $33,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to net loan recoveries of $227,000 in the same period in 2022.

quarter.

Gross loan recoveries were $54,000$30,000 for the three months ended March 31, 20232024 and $262,000$54,000 for the same period in 2022.2023. In the three months ended March 31, 2023,2024, we had $21,000$32,000 in gross loan charge-offs, compared to $35,000$21,000 in the same period in 2022.

2023. 

We adopted CECL effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures.  Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with the probable incurred loss accounting standards. The transition adjustment of the CECL adoption included an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $1.5 million, $62,000 to establish a reserve for unfunded commitments and a $1.2 million decrease to retained earnings to reflect the cumulative effect of adoption of CECL, with the $323,000 tax impact portion being recorded as part of the deferred tax asset on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The amounts of provision for credit losses in both the most recent quarter and comparable prior yeareach period were the result of establishing our allowance for credit losses at levels believed necessary based upon our methodology for determining the adequacy of the allowance.  The provision for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 2022 was impacted by net reductions to certain qualitative factors that had been elevated in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.  More information about our allowance for loancredit losses and our methodology for establishing its level may be found under the heading “Allowance"Allowance for Credit Losses”Losses" below.


-43-

Index-46-

Noninterest Income: Noninterest income for the three month period ended March 31, 20232024 was $4.5$4.7 million compared to $5.0$4.5 million for the same period in 2022.2023. The components of noninterest income are shown in the table below (in thousands):


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Service charges and fees on deposit accounts $994  $1,211 
Net gains on mortgage loans  11   308 
Trust fees  1,033   1,088 
ATM and debit card fees  1,662   1,599 
Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income  199   240 
Investment services fees  411   313 
Other income  218   206 
Total noninterest income $4,528  $4,965 

  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Service charges and fees on deposit accounts

 $1,003  $994 

Net gains on mortgage loans

  8   11 

Trust fees

  1,220   1,033 

ATM and debit card fees

  1,583   1,662 

Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income

  274   199 

Investment services fees

  445   411 

Other income

  127   218 

Total noninterest income

 $4,660  $4,528 

Service charges on deposit accounts increased by $9,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the same period in 2023 largely due to treasury management income.  Net gains on mortgage loans were down $297,000$3,000 in the three months ended March 31, 20232024 compared to the same period in 20222023 as a result of changes in the volume of loans originated for sale.  Mortgage rates increased sharply throughout 2022 and into the first quarter ofthroughout 2023, causing a reduction in mortgage volume compared to the first quarter of 2022.volume.  In addition, more of our origination volume in the first three months of 2023 was in variable rate products, which we holdthese periods were held in portfolio.  Mortgage loans originated for sale in the three months ended March 31, 20232024 were $179,000,$402,000, compared to $10.1 million$179,000 in the same period in 2022.

Service charges on deposit accounts decreased by $217,0002023.  

Trust fees were up $187,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to the same period in 2022 largely due to higher earnings credit offsets for treasury management accounts.  Trust fees were down $55,000 in the three months ended March 31, 20232024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022.2023. The decreasechanges for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was2024 were largely due to lowerchanges in market valuations of underlying trust investments.  ATM and debit card fees were up $63,000down $79,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2023 as2024 compared to the same periods in 2023.  BOLI income was up $75,000 in the three months ended March 31, 20222024 compared to the same period in 2023, while investment services fees were up $34,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. These variances were largely reflective of investment market conditions during these periods.  Other income was down $91,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023.  The decrease was primarily due to higher volumeno rental income from other real estate owned being recognized in the 2024 period as we sold our last other real estate owned property in the first quarter of usage by our customers.2023.

-47-

Noninterest Expense: Noninterest expense increased by $426,000$1.1 million to $12.2$13.2 million for the three month period ended March 31, 20232024 as compared to $12.2 million for the same period in 2022.2023. The components of noninterest expense are shown in the table below (in thousands):


  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Salaries and benefits $6,698  $6,289 
Occupancy of premises  1,137   1,172 
Furniture and equipment  1,031   1,016 
Legal and professional  348   194 
Marketing and promotion  219   195 
Data processing  955   884 
FDIC assessment  330   180 
Interchange and other card expense  384   373 
Bond and D&O insurance  122   130 
Outside services  469   494 
Other noninterest expense  472   812 
Total noninterest expense $12,165  $11,739 

Most categories of noninterest expense were relatively unchanged compared to the three months ended March 31, 2022 due to our ongoing efforts to manage expenses and scale our operations.

  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Salaries and benefits

 $6,950  $6,698 

Occupancy of premises

  999   1,137 

Furniture and equipment

  1,062   1,031 

Legal and professional

  664   348 

Marketing and promotion

  211   219 

Data processing

  1,084   955 

FDIC assessment

  330   330 

Interchange and other card expense

  406   384 

Bond and D&O insurance

  122   122 

Outside services

  559   469 

Other noninterest expense

  858   472 

Total noninterest expense

 $13,245  $12,165 

Our largest component of noninterest expense, salaries and benefits, increased by $409,000$252,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2023 from2024 compared to the same period in 2022.2023. This increase iswas primarily due to higher base compensation, higher variable compensation and higher medical costs and lower salary deferral from commercial loan originations partially offset by lower variable compensation tied to lower mortgage production.costs. The table below identifies the primary components of salaries and benefits (in thousands):


-44-

  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Three Months
Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Salaries and other compensation $5,912  $5,627 
Salary deferral from commercial loan originations  (145)  (215)
Bonus accrual  287   221 
Mortgage production - variable comp  58   144 
401k matching contributions  211   212 
Medical insurance costs  375   300 
Total salaries and benefits $6,698  $6,289 
Legal and professional fees were up $154,000

  

Three Months

  

Three Months

 
  

Ended

  

Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Salaries and other compensation

 $6,178  $5,912 

Salary deferral from commercial loan originations

  (158)  (145)

Bonus accrual

  287   287 

Mortgage production - variable comp

  60   58 

401k matching contributions

  208   211 

Medical insurance costs

  375   375 

Total salaries and benefits

 $6,950  $6,698 

Occupancy expense was down $138,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to2024 from the same period in 20222023 due to costs associated with new accountinglower building maintenance costs.  Legal and proxy disclosures as well as regulatory compliance matters related to loan and deposit accounts referred to legal counsel during the quarter.  FDIC assessment costsprofessional fees were up $150,000$316,000 in the three months ended March 31, 20232024 compared to the same period in 20222023 due to higher assessment rates imposed bycosts associated with strategic matters referred to legal counsel during the FDIC on all banks.  Other noninterest expense was down $340,000period, including fees related to the Company's pending merger with Wintrust Financial Corporation. Data processing expenses were up $129,000 in the three months ended March 31, 20232024 compared to the same period in 20222023 due to inflationary increases imposed by software providers and heavier use of electronic banking channels by our customers. Other noninterest expense was up $476,000 in the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 largely due to the $356,000 net gain recognized on the sale of our last remaining other real estate owned property during the first quarter of 2023.

-48-

Federal Income Tax Expense: We recorded $3.0$2.3 million in federal income tax expense for the three month period ended March 31, 20232024 compared to $1.4$3.0 million for the same period in 2022.2023. Our effective tax rate for the three month period ended March 31, 20232024 was 19.86%19.35% compared to 18.82%19.86% for the same period in 2022.

2023.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

Total assets were $2.64$2.61 billion at March 31, 2023,2024, a decrease of $269.8$133.8 million from December 31, 2022.2023. This decrease was caused primarily by a decrease in total deposits of $284.2$131.3 million at March 31, 20232024 compared to December 31, 2022.

2023. 

Cash and Cash Equivalents: Our cash and cash equivalents, which include federal funds sold and short-term investments, were $420.7$358.5 million at March 31, 20232024 compared to $755.2$450.4 million at December 31, 2022.2023.  The decrease in these balances primarily related to an increase in our loan and investment portfolios as well as a reduction in deposit balances.

Securities: Debt securities available for sale were $526.0$491.2 million at March 31, 20232024 compared to $499.3$508.8 million at December 31, 2022.2023. The balance at March 31, 20232024 primarily consisted of U.S. agency securities, agency mortgage backedmortgage-backed securities and various municipal investments. Our held to maturity portfolio was $348.4$300.8 million at March 31, 20232024 compared to $348.8$331.5 million at December 31, 2022.2023. Our held to maturity portfolio is comprised of U.S. Treasury securities and state, municipal and privately placed commercial bonds.


We classify privately placed municipal and commercial bonds as held to maturity as they are typically non-transferable in the bond market. In addition, we generally classify short-term U.S. Treasury securities as held to maturity. Typically, the final maturity on these short-term Treasury securities is three years or less. Longer-term Treasury securities and all other marketable debt securities are generally classified as available for sale.


At March 31, 2023,2024, the overall duration of our debt securitysecurities available for sale portfolio was 3.112.45 years and the overall duration of our debt securitysecurities held to maturity portfolio was 2.181.55 years and were similar to durations for these portfolios before the pandemic.  Net unrealized losses on debt securities available for sale decreasedincreased by $6.7$1.2 million from $40.1$29.1 million at December 31, 20222023 to $33.7 million$30.3 at March 31, 2023.2024.  Net unrealized losses on debt securities held to maturity decreased by $3.3 million$325,000 from $16.1$9.4 million at December 31, 20222023 to $12.8$9.1 million at March 31, 2023.2024.  Our overall bond portfolio will provide nearly $400$411.0 million in liquidity through maturities and scheduled paydowns over the next 24 months ending March 31, 2025.


2026.

Per U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, unrealized gains or losses on debt securities available for sale are reflected on the balance sheet in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), while unrealized gains or losses on debt securities held to maturity are not reflected on the balance sheet in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).

Portfolio Loans and Asset Quality: Total portfolio loans increased by $43.2$3.8 million in the first three months of 20232024 and were $1.22$1.34 billion at March 31, 20232024 compared to $1.18$1.34 billion at December 31, 2022.2023. During the first three months of 2023,2024, our commercial portfolio increaseddecreased by $37.4$2.9 million. During the same period, our consumer portfolio decreasedincreased by $3.7 million$621,000 and our residential mortgage portfolio increased by $9.5$6.1 million.


-45-

Mortgage loans originated for portfolio are typically adjustable rate loans as well as fixed rate loans that conform to secondary market requirements and have a term of fifteen years or less. However, given the significant increase in residential mortgage rates, we have increased the percentage of our longer term fixed rate mortgage production that we hold in portfolio as they will typically have lowershorter duration due to refinancings that occur when interest rates decline. Mortgage loans originated for portfolio in the first three months of 20232024 decreased $1.7 million$34,000 compared to the same period in 2022,2023, from $14.8$13.1 million in the first three months of 20222023 to $13.1 million in the same period in 2023.

2024.

The volume of residential mortgage loans originated for sale in the first three months of 2023 decreased $10.0 million2024 increased $223,000 compared to the same period in 2022.2023. Residential mortgage loans originated for sale were $402,000 in the first three months of 2024 compared to $179,000 in the first three months of 2023 compared to $10.1 million in the first three months2023.

-49-

The following table shows our loan origination activity for loans to be held in portfolio during the first three months of 20232024 and 2022,2023, broken out by loan type and also shows average originated loan size (dollars in thousands):


  Three months ended March 31, 2023  Three months ended March 31, 2022 
  
Portfolio
Originations
  
Percent of
Total
Originations
  
Average
Loan Size
  
Portfolio
Originations
  
Percent of
Total
Originations
  
Average
Loan Size
 
Commercial real estate:                  
Residential developed $125   0.1% $63  $4,322   2.7% $1,080 
Unsecured to residential
developers
                  
Vacant and unimproved  2,779   3.1   463   1,570   1.0   523 
Commercial development                  
Residential improved  11,852   13.1   539   23,944   15.1   684 
Commercial improved  3,161   3.5   316   22,907   14.5   1,909 
Manufacturing and
industrial
  5,364   5.9   894   44,128   27.8   4,413 
Total commercial real estate  23,281   25.7   506   96,871   61.1   1,514 
Commercial and industrial  47,097   52.0   1,002   32,371   20.4   549 
Total commercial and commercial real estate  70,378   77.7   757   129,242   81.5   1,051 
Consumer                        
Residential mortgage  13,084   14.4   262   14,829   9.4   362 
Unsecured                  
Home equity  6,818   7.5   114   13,372   8.4   131 
Other secured  348   0.4   29   1,080   0.7   154 
Total consumer  20,250   22.3   166   29,281   18.5   195 
Total loans $90,628   100.0% $422  $158,523   100.0% $581 

  

Three months ended March 31, 2024

  

Three months ended March 31, 2023

 
      

Percent of

          

Percent of

     
  Portfolio  Total  Average  Portfolio  Total  Average 
  

Originations

  

Originations

  

Loan Size

  

Originations

  

Originations

  

Loan Size

 

Commercial real estate:

                        

Residential developed

 $844   1.1% $844  $125   0.1% $63 

Unsecured to residential developers

                  

Vacant and unimproved

           2,779   3.1   463 

Commercial development

                  

Residential improved

  9,545   12.6   367   11,852   13.1   539 

Commercial improved

  110   0.1   55   3,161   3.5   316 

Manufacturing and industrial

  9,832   13.0   983   5,364   5.9   894 

Total commercial real estate

  20,331   26.8   521   23,281   25.7   506 

Commercial and industrial

  36,303   47.8   885   47,097   52.0   1,002 

Total commercial and commercial real estate

  56,634   74.6   708   70,378   77.7   757 

Consumer

                        

Residential mortgage

  13,050   17.2   335   13,084   14.4   262 

Unsecured

                  

Home equity

  5,973   7.9   113   6,818   7.5   114 

Other secured

  262   0.3   20   348   0.4   29 

Total consumer

  19,285   25.4   184   20,250   22.3   166 

Total loans

 $75,919   100.0% $410  $90,628   100.0% $422 

Overall, the commercial loan portfolio increased $37.4decreased $2.9 million in the first three months of 2023.2024. During the first quarter 2024, two large commercial loan relationships totaling $32.5 million refinanced elsewhere. One was an apartment complex that finished construction and lease-up and was able to secure secondary market funding, and the other was a credit that obtained financing at terms that were not consistent with our underwriting standards. Excluding the effect of these departures, we grew our commercial portfolio by $29.6 million. Our commercial and industrial portfolio increased by $31.7$9.4 million while our commercial real estate loans increasedportfolio decreased by $5.7 million.  While overall originations as shown$12.3 million in the table above were down compared to the first three months of 2022, our on-balance-sheet commercial loan balances grew since year end 2022.  This largely resulted from the funding of various construction projects originating in 2022 and higher usage of approved commercial lines by our commercial borrowers.  This utilization was up $22.2 million from December 31, 2022 to March 31, 2023.

quarter 2024.

We also have a significant amount of unfunded commercial lines of credit, that can be drawn on by our commercial loan customers. The table below shows the total commitment, the unused portion and the percentage of unused to total commitment at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 20222023 (dollars in thousands):


  
March 31,
2023
  
December 31,
2022
 
Commercial - Lines of credit commitments $1,011,846  $1,021,795 
Commercial - Unused portion of lines of credit  580,120   612,317 
Commercial - Unused lines of credit to total commitment  57.33%  60.07%

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Commercial - Lines of credit commitments

 $903,613  $975,195 

Commercial - Unused portion of lines of credit

  518,323   535,642 

Commercial - Unused lines of credit to total commitment

  57.36%  54.93%

Total commercial lines of credit commitments decreased by $9.9$71.6 million from December 31, 20222023 to March 31, 2023.


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2024.

Commercial and commercial real estate loans remained our largest loan segment and accounted for approximately 83.3%81.2% and 83.2%81.6% of the total loan portfolio at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022,2023, respectively. Residential mortgage and consumer loans comprised approximately 16.7%18.8% and 16.8%18.4% of total loans at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022,2023, respectively.

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A further breakdown of the composition of the loan portfolio is shown in the table below (in thousands):


  March 31, 2023  December 31, 2022 
  Balance  
Percent of
Total Loans
  Balance  
Percent of
Total Loans
 
Commercial real estate: (1)            
Residential developed $7,001   0.6% $7,234   0.6%
Unsecured to residential developers            
Vacant and unimproved  38,700   3.2   36,270   3.1 
Commercial development  99      103    
Residential improved  116,177   9.5   112,791   9.6 
Commercial improved  255,894   20.9   259,281   22.0 
Manufacturing and industrial  125,477   10.3   121,924   10.4 
Total commercial real estate  543,348   44.5   537,603   45.7 
Commercial and industrial  473,354   38.8   441,716   37.5 
Total commercial and commercial real estate  1,016,702   83.3   979,319   83.2 
Consumer                
Residential mortgage  148,676   12.2   139,148   11.8 
Unsecured  106      121    
Home equity  52,647   4.3   56,321   4.8 
Other secured  2,808   0.2   2,839   0.2 
Total consumer  204,237   16.7   198,429   16.8 
Total loans $1,220,939   100.0% $1,177,748   100.0%

  

March 31, 2024

  

December 31, 2023

 
      

Percent of

      

Percent of

 
  

Balance

  

Total Loans

  

Balance

  

Total Loans

 

Commercial real estate: (1)

                

Residential developed

 $4,977   0.4% $5,809   0.4%

Unsecured to residential developers

        800    

Vacant and unimproved

  38,895   2.9   39,534   3.0 

Commercial development

  78      84.0    

Residential improved

  107,860   8.0   123,875   9.3 

Commercial improved

  261,256   19.5   260,188   19.4 

Manufacturing and industrial

  159,703   11.9   154,809   11.6 

Total commercial real estate

  572,769   42.7   585,099   43.7 

Commercial and industrial

  516,400   38.5   506,974   37.9 

Total commercial and commercial real estate

  1,089,169   81.2   1,092,073   81.6 

Consumer

                

Residential mortgage

  195,923   14.6   189,818   14.2 

Unsecured

  89      129    

Home equity

  53,751   4.0   53,039   4.0 

Other secured

  3,276   0.2   3,327   0.2 

Total consumer

  253,039   18.8   246,313   18.4 

Total loans

 $1,342,208   100.0% $1,338,386   100.0%


(1)

Includes both owner occupied and non-owner occupied commercial real estate.

Commercial real estate loans accounted for 44.5%42.7% and 45.7%43.7% of the total loan portfolio at March 31, 20232024 and December 31, 2022,2023, respectively, and consisted primarily of loans to business owners and developers of owner and non-owner occupied commercial properties and loans to developers of single and multi-family residential properties. In the table above, we show our commercial real estate portfolio by loans secured by residential and commercial real estate, and by stage of development. Improved loans are generally secured by properties that are under construction or completed and placed in use. Development loans are secured by properties that are in the process of development or fully developed. Vacant and unimproved loans are secured by raw land for which development has not yet begun and agricultural land.

The non-owner occupied portion of the commercial real estate portfolio totaled $43.8 million at March 31, 2024.  Of this total, $29.7 million was secured by office property.  Within this office property category, nine loans totaling $2.0 million will come up for maturity or renewal in the next 18 months.  All of these loans secured by office property are well-secured, performing and have acceptable occupancy rates under our standards.

Our consumer residential mortgage loan portfolio, which also includes residential construction loans made to individual homeowners, comprised 12.2%14.6% of portfolio loans at March 31, 20232024 and 11.8%14.2% at December 31, 2022.2023. We expect to continue to retain in our loan portfolio certain types of residential mortgage loans (primarily high quality, low loan-to-value loans) in an effort to continue to diversify our credit risk and deploy our excess liquidity.

The following table shows our residential mortgage loan portfolio broken down by fixed and variable rate (in thousands):

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Fixed rate residential mortgage loans

 $84,892  $85,431 

Variable rate residential mortgage loans

  111,031   104,387 

Total residential mortgage loans

 $195,923  $189,818 

Our portfolio of other consumer loans includes loans secured by personal property and home equity fixed term and line of credit loans. This portfolio decreasedincreased by $3.7 million$621,000 to $55.6$57.1 million at March 31, 20232024 from $59.3$56.5 million at December 31, 2022.  These other consumer loans2023 and comprised 4.5%4.2% of our portfolio loans at both March 31, 20232024 and 5.0% at December 31, 2022.

2023.

Given that current industry credit conditions are tightening, we expect industry pricing will increase in response to cost of funds increases and we will continue to respond accordingly.

Our loan portfolio is reviewed regularly by our senior management, our loan officers, and an internal loan review team that is independent of our loan originators and credit administration. An administrative loan committee consisting of senior management and seasoned lending and collections personnel meets quarterly to manage our internal watch list and proactively manage high risk loans.

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When reasonable doubt exists concerning collectability of interest or principal of one of our loans, the loan is placed in nonaccrual status. Any interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed and charged against current earnings.


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Nonperforming assets are comprised of nonperforming loans, foreclosed assets and repossessed assets. At March 31, 2023,2024, nonperforming assets totaled just $75,000, down $2.3 million from $2.4 million$1,000, consistent with $1,000 at December 31, 2022.2023. There were no additions to other real estate owned in the first three months of 20232024 or in the first three months of 2022.2023.  At March 31, 2023,2024, there were no loans in foreclosure, so we expect there to be few, if any, additions to other real estate owned in the remainder of 2023.2024.  Proceeds from sales of foreclosed properties were $2.7 million in the first three months of 2023, resulting in net realized gains on sales of  $356,000.  Proceeds from sales of foreclosed properties were $0 in the first three months of 2022, resulting in net realized loss on sales of $0.  With the sale of foreclosed properties in the first quarterthree months of 2023, we have no remaining other real estate owned at March 31, 2023.

2024.

Nonperforming loans include loans on nonaccrual status and loans delinquent more than 90 days but still accruing.  Nonperformingaccruing and consisted of $1,000 of residential mortgage loans at March 31, 2023 consisted of $75,000 of residential mortgage loans.2024. As of March 31, 2023,2024, nonperforming loans totaled $75,000,$1,000, or 0.01%0.00% of total portfolio loans, compared to $78,000,$1,000, or 0.01%0.00% of total portfolio loans, at December 31, 2022.

2023.

Foreclosed and repossessed assets include assets acquired in settlement of loans. Foreclosed assetsloans and totaled $0 at March 31, 20232024 and $2.3 million at December 31, 2022.2023. All properties acquired through or in lieu of foreclosure are initially transferred at their fair value less estimated costs to sell and then evaluated monthly for impairment after transfer using a lower of cost or market approach. Updated property valuations are obtained at least annually on all foreclosed assets.

The following table shows the composition and amount of our nonperforming assets (dollars in thousands):


  
March 31,
2023
  
December 31,
2022
 
Nonaccrual loans $75  $78 
Loans 90 days or more delinquent and still accruing      
Total nonperforming loans (NPLs)  75   78 
Foreclosed assets     2,343 
Repossessed assets      
Total nonperforming assets (NPAs) $75  $2,421 
NPLs to total loans  0.01%  0.01%
NPAs to total assets  0.00%  0.08%

  

March 31,

  

December 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

 

Nonaccrual loans

 $1  $1 

Loans 90 days or more delinquent and still accruing

      

Total nonperforming loans (NPLs)

  1   1 

Foreclosed assets

      

Repossessed assets

      

Total nonperforming assets (NPAs)

 $1  $1 

NPLs to total loans

  0.00%  0.00%

NPAs to total assets

  0.00%  0.00%

We adopted ASU 2022-02 effective January 1, 2023. This standard eliminated the previous troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”("TDR") accounting model and replaced it with guidance and disclosure requirements for identifying modifications to loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The following table shows the balance of loans modified to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty as of March 31, 20232024 (dollars in thousands):


  March 31, 2023 
  
Number of
Loans
  
Outstanding
Recorded
Balance
  
Percentage to
Total
Loans
 
Commercial and industrial  3  $309   0.07%
Commercial real estate  3   509   0.09%
Consumer  32   2,847   1.39%
   38  $3,665   0.30%

  

March 31, 2024

 
      

Outstanding

  

Percentage to

 
  

Number of

  

Recorded

  

Total

 
  

Loans

  

Balance

  

Loans

 

Commercial and industrial

  2  $232   0.04%

Commercial real estate

  3   478   0.08%

Consumer

  31   2,550   1.01%
   36  $3,260   0.24%

Allowance for credit losses: The allowance for credit losses at March 31, 20232024 was $16.8$17.4 million, an increase of $1.5consistent with $17.4 million fromat December 31, 2022.2023.  The allowance for credit losses represented 1.38%1.30% of total portfolio loans at March 31, 20232024 and 1.30% at December 31, 2022.2023. The allowance for credit losses to nonperforming loan coverage ratio increaseddecreased from 19596.2%1,744,200.0% at December 31, 20222023 to 22392.0%1,700,100.0% at March 31, 2023.2024.

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We adopted the Current Expected Credit Loss (“CECL”("CECL") standard effective January 1, 2023 using the modified retrospective method for all financial assets measured at amortized cost and off-balance sheet credit exposures. Results for reporting periods after January 1, 2023 are presented under CECL while prior period amounts continue to be reported in accordance with the probable incurred loss accounting standards.CECL. The transition adjustment of the CECL adoption included an increase in the allowance for credit losses of $1.5 million, $62,000 to establish a reserve for unfunded commitments and a $1.2 million decrease to retained earnings to reflect the cumulative effect of adoption of CECL, with the $323,000 tax impact portion being recorded as part of the deferred tax asset on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.


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The table below shows the changes in certain credit metrics over the past five quarters (dollars in thousands):


  
Quarter Ended
March 31,
2023
  
Quarter Ended
December 31,
2022
  
Quarter Ended
September 30,
2022
  
Quarter Ended
June 30,
2022
  
Quarter Ended
March 31,
2022
 
Nonperforming loans $75  $78  $85  $90  $90 
Other real estate owned and repo assets     2,343   2,343   2,343   2,343 
Total nonperforming assets  75   2,421   2,428   2,433   2,433 
Net charge-offs (recoveries)  (33)  (89)  (190)  (15)  (227)
Total delinquencies  277   172   84   197   171 

  

Quarter Ended

  

Quarter Ended

  

Quarter Ended

  

Quarter Ended

  

Quarter Ended

 
  

March 31,

  

December 31,

  

Sept 30,

  

June 30,

  

March 31,

 
  

2024

  

2023

  

2023

  

2023

  

2023

 

Nonperforming loans

 $1  $1  $1  $72  $75 

Other real estate owned and repo assets

               

Total nonperforming assets

  1   1   1   72   75 

Net charge-offs (recoveries)

  2   (41)  (42)  (15)  (33)

Total delinquencies

  340   44      158   277 

At March 31, 2023,2024, we had net loan recoveries in thirty-onethirty-four of the past thirty-threethirty-seven quarters. Our total delinquencies were $277,000$310,000 at March 31, 20232024 and $172,000$44,000 at December 31, 2022.  Our delinquency percentage at March 31, 2023 was 0.02%.

2023. 

The allowance for credit losses increased $1.5 million in the first three months ofdecreased $2,000 at March 31, 2024 compared to December 31, 2023. As discussed above, the increase in the first three months of 2023 was due to the effect of adopting CECL on January 1, 2023.  We recorded aOur provision for credit losses expense ofwas $0 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to a provision benefit of $1.5 million2024 consistent with $0 for the same period of 2022.2023. Net loan recoveriescharge-offs were $33,000$2,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023,2024, compared to net loan recoveries of $227,000$33,000 for the same period in 2022.2023. The ratio of net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans was -0.01%0.00% on an annualized basis for the first three months of 2023 and -0.03%-0.01% for the first three months of 2022.

2023.

While we have experienced low levels of gross charge-offs over recent quarters, we recognize that future charge-offs and resulting provisions for credit losses are expected to be impacted by the timing and extent of changes in the overall economy and the real estate markets.

The allowance for credit losslosses accounting in effect at December 31, 2022 and all prior periods was based on our estimate of probable incurred loan losses as of the reporting date (“("incurred loss”loss" methodology). Under the CECL methodology, our allowance is based on the total amount of credit losses that are expected over the remaining life of the loan portfolio. Our estimate of credit losses under CECL is determined using a complex model that relies on historical loss information including our own history as well as peer loss history, reasonable and supportable economic forecasts, and various qualitative factors.

The primary risk elements with respect to our commercial loans are the financial condition of the borrower, sufficiency of collateral and timeliness of scheduled payments. We have a policy of reviewing periodic financial statements from commercial loan customers and have a disciplined and formalized review of the existence of collateral and its value. The primary risk element with respect to residential and consumer loans is the timeliness of scheduled payments. We have a reporting process that monitors past due loans and have adopted policies to pursue creditors’creditors' rights in order to preserve our collateral position. Over the past several years, consumer delinquency has been nominal.

Under CECL, for commercial loans not identified as collateral dependent, we estimate the CECL reserve based on the internal risk grade of such loans. We use a loan rating method based upon an eight point system. Loans are stratified between real estate secured and non-real estate secured. The real estate secured portfolio is further stratified by the type of real estate. Each stratified portfolio is assigned a loss allocation factor. A higher numerical grade assigned to a loan category generally results in a greater allocation percentage. Changes in risk grade of loans affect the amount of the allowance allocation.


We believe our commercial portfolio is adequately diversified, with our largest commercial concentrations in Real Estate, Rental and Leasing (27.5%(28%), followed by Manufacturing (13.3%(15%) and Retail Trade (11.7%(14%).

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The table below breaks down our commercial loan portfolio by industry type at March 31, 20232024 and identifies the percentage of loans in each type that have a pass rating within our grading system (4 or better) and criticized rating (5 or worse) (dollars in thousands):

-49-

  Total  
Percent of
Total Loans
  
Percent Grade 4 or
Better
  
Percent Grade 5 or
Worse
 
Industry:            
Agricultural Products $47,478   4.67%  85.04%  14.96%
Mining and Oil Extraction  397   0.04%  89.17%  10.83%
Construction  86,876   8.54%  97.56%  2.44%
Manufacturing  134,851   13.26%  96.34%  3.66%
Wholesale Trade  68,215   6.71%  100.00%  0.00%
Retail Trade  119,262   11.73%  99.95%  0.05%
Transportation and Warehousing  68,983   6.78%  99.94%  0.06%
Information  567   0.06%  5.47%  94.53%
Finance and Insurance  44,467   4.37%  100.00%  0.00%
Real Estate and Rental and Leasing  279,131   27.45%  99.98%  0.02%
Professional, Scientific and Technical Services  5,807   0.57%  96.68%  3.32%
Management of Companies and Enterprises  756   0.07%  100.00%  0.00%
Administrative and Support Services  24,246   2.38%  98.41%  1.59%
Education Services  4,639   0.46%  100.00%  0.00%
Health Care and Social Assistance  37,907   3.73%  100.00%  0.00%
Arts, Entertainment and Recreation  3,588   0.35%  91.56%  8.44%
Accommodations and Food Services  51,198   5.04%  86.78%  13.22%
Other Services  38,334   3.77%  100.00%  0.00%
Total commercial loans $1,016,702   100.00%  97.78%  2.22%

      

Percent of

  

Percent Grade 4

  

Percent Grade 5

 
  

Total

  

Total Loans

  

or Better

  

or Worse

 

Industry:

                

Agricultural Products

 $44,336   4.07%  100.00%  0.00%

Mining and Oil Extraction

  582   0.05%  96.91%  3.09%

Construction

  82,579   7.58%  99.01%  0.99%

Manufacturing

  164,846   15.14%  96.98%  3.02%

Wholesale Trade

  49,864   4.58%  100.00%  0.00%

Retail Trade

  152,428   13.99%  99.98%  0.02%

Transportation and Warehousing

  62,763   5.76%  99.97%  0.03%

Information

     0.00%  0.00%  0.00%

Finance and Insurance

  46,037   4.23%  100.00%  0.00%

Real Estate and Rental and Leasing

  309,818   28.45%  99.56%  0.44%

Professional, Scientific and Technical Services

  4,903   0.45%  99.90%  0.10%

Management of Companies and Enterprises

  4,442   0.41%  100.00%  0.00%

Administrative and Support Services

  25,772   2.37%  98.51%  1.49%

Education Services

  13,408   1.23%  100.00%  0.00%

Health Care and Social Assistance

  37,512   3.44%  100.00%  0.00%

Arts, Entertainment and Recreation

  3,325   0.31%  91.31%  8.69%

Accommodations and Food Services

  51,541   4.73%  87.00%  13.00%

Other Services

  35,013   3.21%  94.66%  5.34%

Total commercial loans

 $1,089,169   100.00%  98.49%  1.51%

Considering our qualitative factors and our commercial loan portfolio balances, the general allowance allocated to commercial loans was $13.8$13.7 million at March 31, 2023 (under CECL)2024 and $12.8$14.0 million at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss).2023. The qualitative component of our allowance allocated to commercial loans was $11.2$11.7 million at March 31, 2023 (under CECL)2024 compared to $12.7$11.9 million at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss).2023. Under CECL, we use historical peer loss history so the quantitative component receives a higher allocation and, with the addition of reasonable and supportable forecast assumption under CECL in choosing the historical loss period, less qualitative allocations related to economic conditions are necessary.

Groups of homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate and open- and closed-end consumer loans, receive allowance allocations based on loan type. The determination of the allowance allocation percentage is based principally on peer historical loss experience under CECL. These allocations are adjusted for consideration of general economic and business conditions, credit quality and delinquency trends, collateral values, and recent loss experience for these similar pools of loans. The homogeneous allowance for credit losses for consumer loans was $2.8$3.6 million at March 31, 2023 (under CECL)2024 and $2.2$3.4 million at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss).

2023.

Allowance for credit losses allocated to loans identified as collateral dependent were $6,000$14,000 at March 31, 2023 (under CECL).  Allowance allocations for loans identified as impaired2024  and $17,000 at December 31, 2022 (under incurred loss) were $295,000.

2023.  

The allowance allocations are not intended to imply limitations on usage of the allowance for loancredit losses.  The entire allowance for credit losses is available for any loan loss without regard to loan type.

See Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies in this Form 10-Q for further descriptions of our allowance for credit loss estimation process. See also Note 3 - Loans in this Form 10-Q for further information regarding our loan portfolio and allowance.

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Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment totaled $39.0 million at March 31, 2024, up $367,000 from $38.6 million at December 31, 2023.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance: Bank-owned life insurance increased $212,000$286,000 from December 31, 20222023 to March 31, 20232024 due to earnings on the underlying policies.

Premises and Equipment:   Premises and equipment totaled $40.2 million at March 31, 2023, down $57,000 from $40.3 million at December 31, 2022.

Deposits and Other Borrowings: Total deposits decreased $284.2$131.3 million to $2.33$2.28 billion at March 31, 2023,2024, as compared to $2.62$2.42 billion at December 31, 2022.   While the Bank experienced a decline in deposit balances during the three months ended March 31, 2023, most of the decline took place prior to the early March 2023 bank failures noted earlier.2023.  We experienced a seasonal run up in business deposits of about $90 million in December 2022,2023, which came back out in January 2023.  In addition, a couple of large business customers removed deposits totaling nearly $90 millionwere withdrawn in early March 2023 for specific designated purposes.2024.  We saw very little change in our deposit balances overall following the March 2023 news of thecertain bank failures and banking system disruption.

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Our deposit base is primarily made up of many small accounts, and balances at March 31, 20232024 were comprised of 48%46% personal customers and 52%54% business customers.  Within our business customer base, there is no significant specific industry concentration.  Our core deposits - which we define as deposits we have sourced within our local markets - represented 100% of our total deposits at March 31, 2023.2024.  Our total balances of $2.33$2.28 billion at March 31, 20232024 remain elevated, reflecting a $625.5$579.0 million increase, or 37%34%, over pre-pandemic totals of $1.71 billion as of March 31, 2020.

Non-interest checking account balances decreased $144.4$28.7 million during the first three months of 2023.ended March 31, 2024. Interest bearing demand account balances decreased $151.9$78.1 million and savings and money market account balances decreased $63.5$20.7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024 largely due to seasonal runoff of account balances. Certificates of deposits decreased by $3.8 million in the first three months of 2023 as municipal and business customers have begun deploying their excess balances they carried during the pandemic, including stimulus funding.  Certificates of deposits increased by $75.6 million in the first three months of 2023 reflecting our increases in offered interest rates, particularly in the 12-18 month term.2024. We believe our success in maintaining the balances of personal and business checking and savings accounts was primarily attributable to our focus on quality customer service, the desire of customers to deal with a local bank, the convenience of our branch network and the breadth and depth of our sophisticated product line.

Noninterest bearing demand accounts comprised 30%26.9% of total deposits at March 31, 20232024 and 31%26.6% of total deposits at December 31, 2022.2023.   In recent years, because of the generally low rates paid on interest bearing account alternatives, many of our business customers chose to keep their balances in these more liquid noninterest bearing demand account types.  We have begun to see some of these balances move to higher earning deposit types.  Interest bearing demand, including money market and savings accounts, comprised 63%59.6% of total deposits at March 31, 20232024 and 64%60.4% at December 31, 2022.2023. Time accountsdeposits as a percentage of total deposits were 7%13.5% at March 31, 20232024 and 4%12.9% at December 31, 2022.

2023.

Deposit account balances in excess of the $250,000 FDIC insured limit totaled approximately $962.7$940.6 million, or 41% of total deposits, at March 31, 20232024 and approximately $1.21$1.05 billion, or 45%43% of total deposits, at December 31, 2022.  As discussed previously,2023.  We believe we have sufficient liquid resources to cover all of the uninsured balances at March 31, 2023.

2024.

Borrowed funds at March 31, 20232024 consisted of $30.0$20.0 million of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances. One FHLB advance totaling $10.0 million matured during the three months ended March 31, 2024. Borrowed funds at December 31, 20222023 consisted of $30.0 million of FHLB advances.  At March 31, 2023,2024, we had $242.3total borrowing capacity of $354.0 million, including $287.3 million in unused availability with the FHLB, $65.0 million in available borrowing capacityfed funds facilities with correspondent banks, and $1.7 million in availability at the FHLB.FRB Discount Window.

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CAPITAL RESOURCES

Total shareholders’shareholders' equity of $260.6$293.0 million at March 31, 20232024 reflected an increase of $13.5$5.9 million from $247.0$287.1 million at December 31, 2022.2023. The increase was primarily a result of net income of $12.0$9.8 million earned in the first three months of 2023 and a positive swing of $5.3 million in accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”),2024, partially offset by a paymentpayments of $2.7$3.1 million in cash dividends to shareholders and $1.2a negative swing of $1.0 million reduction from adoption of the ASU 2016-13 CECL standard on January 1, 2023.in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"). The positivenegative swing in AOCI was attributable to a decreasechanges in market interest rates on bonds during the first quarter 2023three months of 2024 causing an increasea decrease in market value on our investment securities available for sale. The Bank was categorized as “well capitalized” at March 31, 2023.2024. The amount of capital retained by the Bank in excess of well capitalized minimums was $127.2$151.3 million at March 31, 2023.

2024.

Capital guidelines for U.S. banks are commonly known as Basel III guidelines. The rules include a common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio (CET1 ratio) of 4.5% and a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, effectively resulting in a minimum CET1 ratio of 7.0%. The Basel III minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets is 6.0% (which, with the capital conservation buffer, effectively results in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5%), and the minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio is 10.5% (with the capital conservation buffer), and Basel III requires a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%. The capital ratios for the Company and the Bank under Basel III have continued to exceed the well capitalized minimum capital requirements.

The following table shows our regulatory capital ratios (on a consolidated basis) for the past several quarters:


Macatawa Bank Corporation 
March 31,
2023
  
Dec 31,
2022
  
Sept 30,
2022
  
June 30,
2022
  
March 31,
2022
 
Total capital to risk weighted assets  18.1%  17.9%  17.6%  17.5%  17.9%
Common Equity Tier 1 to risk weighted assets  17.1   16.9   16.7   16.5   16.9 
Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets  17.1   16.9   16.7   16.5   16.9 
Tier 1 capital to average assets  10.3   9.7   9.3   9.1   8.8 

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March 31,

  

December 31,

  

Sept 30,

  

June 30,

  

March 31,

 

Macatawa Bank Corporation

 

2024

  

2023

  

2023

  

2023

  

2023

 

Total capital to risk weighted assets

  19.2%  18.7%  18.7%  18.2%  18.1%

Common Equity Tier 1 to risk weighted assets

  18.2   17.7   17.7   17.2   17.1 

Tier 1 capital to risk weighted assets

  18.2   17.7   17.7   17.2   17.1 

Tier 1 capital to average assets

  11.8   11.4   10.9   11.1   10.3 

IndexLIQUIDITY

LIQUIDITY

Liquidity of Macatawa Bank: The liquidity of a financial institution reflects its ability to manage a variety of sources and uses of funds. Our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows categorize these sources and uses into operating, investing and financing activities. We primarily focus on developing access to a variety of borrowing sources to supplement our deposit gathering activities and provide funds for our investment and loan portfolios. Our sources of liquidity include our borrowing capacity with the FRB’sFRB's discount window, the Federal Home Loan Bank,FHLB, federal funds purchased lines of credit and other secured borrowing sources with our correspondent banks, loan payments by our borrowers, maturity and sales of our securities available for sale, maturities of our securities held to maturity, growth of our deposits, federal funds sold and other short-term investments, and the various capital resources discussed above. In March 2023, the Federal Reserve Bank introduced a new borrowing facility named the Bank Term Funding Program.  This program allows an institution to borrow against its investment portfolio at a fixed rate for up to one year and to use their investment portfolio for liquidity without incurring losses by liquidating those investments.  At March 31, 2023, we would qualify for approximately $642.2 million in such borrowing capacity.

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Liquidity management involves the ability to meet the cash flow requirements of our customers. Our customers may be either borrowers with credit needs or depositors wanting to withdraw funds. Our liquidity management involves periodic monitoring of our assets considered to be liquid and illiquid, and our funding sources considered to be core and non-core and short-term (less than 12 months) and long-term. We have established parameters that monitor, among other items, our level of liquid assets to short-term liabilities, our level of non-core funding reliance and our level of available borrowing capacity. We maintain a diversified wholesale funding structure and actively manage our maturing wholesale sources to reduce the risk toof liquidity shortages. We have also developed a contingency funding plan to stress test our liquidity requirements arising from certain events that may trigger liquidity shortages, such as rapid loan growth in excess of normal growth levels or the loss of deposits and other funding sources under extreme circumstances.

We have actively pursued initiatives to maintain a strong liquidity position.  The Bank has reduced its reliance on non-core funding sources, including brokered deposits, and focused on achieving a non-core funding dependency ratio below its peer group average.  We have had no brokered deposits on our balance sheet since December 2011.  We continue to maintain significant on-balance sheet liquidity.  At March 31, 2023, the Bank2024, we held $391.3$331.4 million of federal funds sold and other short-term investments.  In addition, the Bankwe had available borrowing capacity from correspondent banks including the Bank Term Funding Program discussed above, of approximately $951.0$354.0 million as of March 31, 2023.2024.  Finally, because we have maintained the discipline of buying shorter-term bond durations in our investment securities portfolio, we have $393.0$411.0 million in bond maturities and paydowns coming into the Bankto us in the next 24 months ending March 31, 2025.


2026.

In addition to normal loan funding, we also maintain liquidity to meet customer financing needs through unused lines of credit, unfunded loan commitments and standby letters of credit. The level and fluctuation of these commitments is also considered in our overall liquidity management. At March 31, 2023,2024, we had a total of $719.0$680.1 million in unused lines of credit, $115.1$106.8 million in unfunded loan commitments and $11.9$7.7 million in standby letters of credit.

Liquidity of Holding Company: The primary sources of liquidity for the Company are dividends from the Bank, existing cash resources and the capital markets if the need to raise additional capital arises. Banking regulations and the laws of the State of Michigan in which our Bank is chartered limit the amount of dividends the Bank may declare and pay to the Company in any calendar year. Under the state law limitations, the Bank is restricted from paying dividends to the Company in excess of retained earnings. In 2022,2023, the Bank paid dividends to the Company totaling $11.9$12.7 million. In the same period, the Company paid $10.9$11.3 million in dividends to its shareholders. On February 27, 2023,2024, the Bank paid a dividend totaling $3.1$2.9 million to the Company in anticipation of the common share cash dividend of $0.08$0.09 per share paid on February 28, 20232024 to shareholders of record on February 13, 2023.2024. The cash distributed for this cash dividend payment totaled $2.7$3.1 million. The Company retained the remaining balance in each period for general corporate purposes. At March 31, 2023,2024, the Bank had a retained earnings balance of $114.5$143.9 million.

The Company’s cash balance at March 31, 20232024 was $8.1$8.2 million. The Company believes that it has sufficient liquidity to meet its cash flow obligations.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES:

To prepare financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions based on available information. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and future results could differ. The allowance for credit losses other real estate owned valuation, loss contingencies, revenue recognition and income taxes are deemed critical due to the required level of management judgment and the use of estimates, making them particularly subject to change.

Our methodology for determining the allowance for credit losses and the related provision for credit losses is described above in the “Allowance"Allowance for Credit Losses”Losses" discussion. This area of accounting requires significant judgment due to the number of factors which can influence the collectability of a loan. Unanticipated changes in these factors could significantly change the level of the allowance for credit losses and the related provision for credit losses. Although, based upon our internal analysis, and in our judgment, we believe that we have provided an adequate allowance for credit losses, there can be no assurance that our analysis has properly identified all of the probable losses in our loan portfolio. As a result, we could record future provisions for credit losses that may be significantly different than the levels that we recorded in the first three months of 2023.


2024.

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Index-57-

Assets acquired through or instead
Loss contingencies are recorded as liabilities when the likelihood of loss is probable and an amount or range of loss can be reasonably estimated.  This, too, is an accounting area that involves significant judgment.  Although, based upon our judgment, internal analysis, and consultations with legal counsel we believe that we have properly accounted for loss contingencies, future changes in the status of such contingencies could result in a significant change in the level of contingent liabilities and a related impact to operating earnings.
Noninterest revenue is recognized in accordance with contractual requirements and as we fulfill our obligations under contractual terms.  Most of our noninterest revenue comes from services that are transaction based and such revenue is recognized as the related service is provided.

Our accounting for income taxes involves the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities primarily associated with differences in the timing of the recognition of revenues and expenses for financial reporting and tax purposes. At March 31, 2023,2024, we had gross deferred tax assets of $10.8$10.3 million and gross deferred tax liabilities of $2.3$2.9 million resulting in a net deferred tax asset of $8.5$7.4 million. Accounting standards require that companies assess whether a valuation allowance should be established against their deferred tax assets based on the consideration of all available evidence using a “more"more likely than not”not" standard. We concluded at March 31, 20232024 that no valuation allowance on our net deferred tax asset was required. Changes in tax laws, changes in tax rates, changes in ownership and our future level of earnings can impact the ultimate realization of our net deferred tax asset.


Item 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Item 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Our primary market risk exposure isexposures are interest rate risk and to a lesser extent, liquidity risk. All of our transactions are denominated in U.S. dollars with no specific foreign exchange exposure. Macatawa Bank has only limited agricultural-related loan assets, and therefore has no significant exposure to changes in commodity prices.

Our balance sheet has sensitivity, in various categories of assets and liabilities, to changes in prevailing rates in the U.S. for prime rate, mortgage rates, U.S. Treasury rates and various money market indexes. Our asset/liability management process aids us in providing liquidity while maintaining a balance between interest earning assets and interest bearing liabilities.

We utilize a simulation model as our primary tool to assess the direction and magnitude of variations in net interest income and the economic value of equity (“EVE”) resulting from potential changes in market interest rates. Key assumptions in the model include contractual cash flows and maturities of interest-sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities, prepayment speeds on certain assets, and changes in market conditions impacting loan and deposit pricing. We also include pricing floors on discretionary priced liability products which limit how low various checking and savings products could go under declining interest rates. These floors reflect our pricing philosophy in response to changing interest rates.

We forecast the next twelve months of net interest income under an assumed environment of gradual changes in market interest rates under various scenarios. The resulting change in net interest income is an indication of the sensitivity of our earnings to directional changes in market interest rates. The simulation also measures the change in EVE, or the net present value of our assets and liabilities, under an immediate shift, or shock, in interest rates under various scenarios, as calculated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using market-based discount rates.


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Index-58-

The following table shows the impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income over the next twelve months and EVE based on our balance sheet as of March 31, 20232024 (dollars in thousands):


Interest Rate Scenario 
Economic
Value of
Equity
  
Percent
Change
  
Net Interest
Income
  
Percent
Change
 
Interest rates up 200 basis points $380,272   (6.13)% $92,806   1.64%
Interest rates up 100 basis points  392,526   (3.10)  92,049   0.81 
No change  405,104      91,313    
Interest rates down 100 basis points  412,343   1.79   90,291   (1.12)
Interest rates down 200 basis points  402,802   (0.57)  87,957   (3.68)

  

Economic

             
  

Value of

  

Percent

  

Net Interest

  

Percent

 

Interest Rate Scenario

 

Equity

  

Change

  

Income

  

Change

 

Interest rates up 200 basis points

 $408,400   (2.58)% $98,411   3.61%

Interest rates up 100 basis points

  414,110   (1.21)  96,758   1.84 

No change

  419,200      95,011    

Interest rates down 100 basis points

  420,583   0.33   92,207   (2.95)

Interest rates down 200 basis points

  413,467   (1.37)  86,628   (8.82)

If interest rates were to increase, this analysis suggests that we are positioned for an improvement in net interest income over the next twelve months. If interest rates were to decrease, this analysis suggests we would experience a reduction in net interest income over the next twelve months.

We also forecast the impact of immediate and parallel interest rate shocks on net interest income under various scenarios to measure the sensitivity of our earnings under extreme conditions.

The quarterly simulation analysis is monitored against acceptable interest rate risk parameters by the Asset/Liability Committee and reported to the Board of Directors.

In addition to changes in interest rates, the level of future net interest income is also dependent on a number of other variables, including: the growth, composition and absolute levels of loans, deposits, and other earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities; economic and competitive conditions; potential changes in lending, investing and deposit gathering strategies; and client preferences.

See "Liquidity" above.

Item 4:CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Item 4:

(a)

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a)

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”("CFO"), we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e) as of March 31, 2023,2024, the end of the period covered by this report.

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as the Company’sCompany's are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating whether the benefits of the controls and procedures that the Company adopts outweigh their costs.

Our CEO and CFO, after evaluating the effectiveness of the Company’sCompany's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this report, have concluded that the Company’sCompany's disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the Commission’sCommission's rules and forms.

(b)

Changes in Internal Controls. During the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.


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Index-59-

PART II OTHER INFORMATION


Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.


Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The following table provides information regarding the Company’s purchase of its own common stock during the first quarter of 2023.2024. All employee transactions are under stock compensation plans. These include shares of Macatawa Bank Corporation common stock surrendered to satisfy tax withholding obligations that occur upon the vesting of restricted shares. The value of the shares withheld is determined based on the closing price of Macatawa Bank Corporation common stock at the date of vesting. The Company has no publicly announced repurchase plans or programs.


  
Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased
  
Average
Price Paid
Per Share
 
Period      
January 1 - January 31, 2023      
Employee Transactions  1,338  $10.92 
February 1 - February 28, 2023        
Employee Transactions    $ 
March 1 - March 31, 2023        
Employee Transactions    $ 
Total for First Quarter ended March 31, 2023        
Employee Transactions  1,338  $10.92 

Total

Number of

Average

Shares

Price Paid

Purchased

Per Share

Period

January 1 - January 31, 2024

Employee Transactions

$

February 1 - February 29, 2024

Employee Transactions

$

March 1 - March 31, 2024

Employee Transactions

$

Total for First Quarter ended March 31, 2024

Employee Transactions

$

Item 6.EXHIBITS.

Item 6.

    2.1

EXHIBITS.Agreement and Plan of Merger by and among Wintrust Financial Corporation, Leo Subsidiary LLC and Macatawa Bank Corporation dated April 15, 2024.  Previously filed with the Commission on April 15, 2024 in Macatawa Bank Corporation's Current Report on Form 8-K, Exhibit 2.1.  Here incorporated by reference. 

3.1

3.2

4.1

Restated Articles of Incorporation. Exhibit 3.1 is here incorporated by reference.

4.2

Bylaws. Exhibit 3.2 is here incorporated by reference.

4.3

Long-Term Debt. The registrant has outstanding long-term debt which at the time of this report does not exceed 10% of the registrant’sregistrant's total consolidated assets. The registrant agrees to furnish copies of the agreements defining the rights of holders of such long-term debt to the SEC upon request.

Certification of Chief Executive Officer.

Certification of Chief Financial Officer.

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350.

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)


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Index-60-

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


MACATAWA BANK CORPORATION

/s/ Ronald L. Haan
Ronald L. Haan
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Jon W. Swets

Jon W. Swets

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Bryan L. Barker

Bryan L. Barker

Senior Vice President and

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

Dated: April 27, 202325, 2024



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