UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
______________________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
 ______________________________________________
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED March 31, 201830, 2019
OR
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM              TO             
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 001-36414
______________________________________________ 
iROBOT CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 ______________________________________________
Delaware77-0259 335
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
8 Crosby Drive
Bedford, MA 01730
(Address of principal executive offices)

(781) 430-3000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerýAccelerated filer¨
    
Non-accelerated filer
¨(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company¨
    
  Emerging growth company
¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨    

     
        

   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 par valueIRBTThe NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s Common Stock as of April 30, 201827, 2019 was 27,804,771.28,054,998.

     
        




iROBOT CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 201830, 2019
INDEX
 Page
PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION
  
Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited) 
  
  




iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
 
March 31,
2018
 December 30,
2017
March 30,
2019
 December 29,
2018
ASSETS
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$144,501
 $128,635
$173,094
 $130,373
Short term investments39,960
 37,225
27,363
 31,605
Accounts receivable, net69,532
 142,829
54,496
 162,166
Inventory112,111
 106,932
181,128
 164,633
Other current assets24,584
 19,105
30,526
 25,660
Total current assets390,688
 434,726
466,607
 514,437
Property and equipment, net47,223
 44,579
66,616
 57,026
Operating lease right-of-use assets51,418
 
Deferred tax assets32,690
 31,531
32,921
 36,979
Goodwill123,218
 121,440
117,546
 118,896
Intangible assets, net40,613
 44,712
20,689
 24,273
Other assets15,005
 14,534
23,305
 15,350
Total assets$649,437
 $691,522
$779,102
 $766,961
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$69,119
 $116,316
$84,690
 $136,742
Accrued expenses56,107
 73,647
54,869
 71,259
Deferred revenue and customer advances6,271
 7,761
5,267
 5,756
Total current liabilities131,497
 197,724
144,826
 213,757
Operating lease liabilities59,805
 
Deferred tax liabilities8,349
 9,539
3,296
 4,005
Other long-term liabilities12,963
 13,932
8,552
 13,877
Total long-term liabilities21,312
 23,471
71,653
 17,882
Total liabilities152,809
 221,195
216,479
 231,639
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)

 



 

Preferred stock, 5,000 shares authorized and none outstanding
 

 
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized; 28,073 and 27,945
shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2018 and December 30, 2017, respectively
280
 279
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 100,000 shares authorized; 28,038 and 27,788 shares issued and outstanding, respectively280
 278
Additional paid-in capital191,021
 190,067
175,000
 172,771
Retained earnings299,430
 277,989
389,541
 367,021
Accumulated other comprehensive income5,897
 1,992
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(2,198) (4,748)
Total stockholders’ equity496,628
 470,327
562,623
 535,322
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$649,437
 $691,522
$779,102
 $766,961
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
 
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017
Revenue$217,068
 $168,467
Cost of revenue:   
Cost of product revenue96,501
 80,260
Amortization of intangible assets4,782
 864
Total cost of revenue (1)101,283
 81,124
Gross margin115,785
 87,343
Operating expenses:   
Research and development (1)32,945
 25,508
Selling and marketing (1)31,329
 22,575
General and administrative (1)25,833
 17,622
Amortization of intangible assets273
 
Total operating expenses90,380
 65,705
Operating income25,405
 21,638
Other income, net519
 3
Income before income taxes25,924
 21,641
Income tax expense5,523
 5,282
Net income$20,401
 $16,359
Net income per share:   
Basic$0.73
 $0.60
Diluted$0.71
 $0.58
Number of weighted average common shares used in per share calculations   
Basic27,988
 27,304
Diluted28,923
 28,295
 __________________________
(1)
Stock-based compensation recorded in the three months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 breaks down by expense classification as follows:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Cost of revenue$341
 $226
Revenue$237,661
 $217,068
Cost of revenue:   
Cost of product revenue115,038
 96,501
Amortization of acquired intangible assets3,077
 4,782
Total cost of revenue118,115
 101,283
Gross profit119,546
 115,785
Operating expenses:   
Research and development1,689
 1,099
35,269
 32,945
Selling and marketing738
 570
38,836
 31,329
General and administrative3,178
 2,436
22,907
 25,833
Amortization of acquired intangible assets271
 273
Total operating expenses97,283
 90,380
Operating income22,263
 25,405
Other income, net1,280
 519
Income before income taxes23,543
 25,924
Income tax expense1,023
 5,523
Net income$22,520
 $20,401
Net income per share:   
Basic$0.81
 $0.73
Diluted$0.78
 $0.71
Number of shares used in per share calculations:   
Basic27,863
 27,988
Diluted28,763
 28,923
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Net income$20,401
 $16,359
$22,520
 $20,401
Other comprehensive income (loss):      
Net foreign currency translation adjustments5,338
 (52)(2,470) 5,338
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges, net of tax(1,851) 
Net losses on cash flow hedge reclassified into earnings, net of tax590
 
Net unrealized gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax4,801
 (1,851)
Net (gains) losses on cash flow hedge reclassified into earnings, net of tax106
 590
Net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities, net of tax(172) 35
113
 (172)
Total comprehensive income$24,306
 $16,342
$25,070
 $24,306
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

 Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 Retained
Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Stockholders’
Equity
 Shares Value 
Balance at December 29, 201827,788
 $278
 $172,771
 $367,021
 $(4,748) $535,322
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans77
 1
 2,562
 
 
 2,563
Vesting of restricted stock units231
 2
 (2) 
 
 
Stock-based compensation

 

 6,864
 
 
 6,864
Stock withheld to cover tax withholdings requirements upon restricted stock vesting(58) (1) (7,211) 
 
 (7,212)
Other comprehensive income

 

 

 
 2,550
 2,550
Directors' deferred compensation

 

 16
 
 

 16
Net income

 

 

 22,520
 
 22,520
Balance at March 30, 201928,038
 $280
 $175,000
 $389,541
 $(2,198) $562,623


 Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 Retained
Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Stockholders’
Equity
 Shares Value 
Balance at December 30, 201727,945
 $279
 $190,067
 $277,989
 $1,992
 $470,327
Issuance of common stock under employee stock plans11
 
 399
     399
Vesting of restricted stock units197
 2
 (2)     
Stock-based compensation    5,946
     5,946
Stock withheld to cover tax withholdings requirements upon restricted stock vesting(50) (1) (3,475)     (3,476)
Other comprehensive income        3,905
 3,905
Directors' deferred compensation    16
     16
Share repurchases(30) 
 (1,930)     (1,930)
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle related to adoption of ASC 606      1,040
   1,040
Net income      20,401
   20,401
Balance at March 31, 201828,073
 $280
 $191,021
 $299,430
 $5,897
 $496,628
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.



iROBOT CORPORATION
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31,
2018
 April 1,
2017
March 30,
2019
 March 31,
2018
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income$20,401
 $16,359
$22,520
 $20,401
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization8,747
 3,486
8,724
 8,716
Stock-based compensation5,946
 4,331
6,864
 5,946
Deferred income taxes, net(3,061) 17
1,739
 (3,061)
Non-cash director deferred compensation16
 16
Deferred rent1,077
 
Other390
 166
1,542
 1,514
Changes in operating assets and liabilities — (use) source      
Accounts receivable73,642
 25,155
106,561
 73,642
Inventory(4,223) (6,546)(16,863) (4,223)
Other assets(6,114) (1,745)
Prepaid and other current assets(2,913) (6,114)
Accounts payable(46,461) (5,026)(52,744) (46,461)
Accrued expenses(19,693) (8,612)
Deferred revenue and customer advances(517) (284)
Long term liabilities(360) (558)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(22,727) (20,570)
Net cash provided by operating activities29,790
 26,759
52,703
 29,790
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Additions of property and equipment(8,717) (3,008)(6,004) (8,717)
Change in other assets379
 (504)(1,977) 379
Purchases of investments(6,438) (3,498)
 (6,438)
Sales and maturities of investments3,500
 3,500
2,380
 3,500
Net cash used in investing activities(11,276) (3,510)(5,601) (11,276)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from employee stock plans2,563
 399
Income tax withholding payment associated with restricted stock vesting(3,478) (2,778)(7,212) (3,478)
Proceeds from stock option exercises399
 722
Net cash used in financing activities(3,079) (2,056)(4,649) (3,079)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents431
 12
268
 431
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents15,866
 21,205
42,721
 15,866
Cash and cash equivalents, at beginning of period128,635
 214,523
130,373
 128,635
Cash and cash equivalents, at end of period$144,501
 $235,728
$173,094
 $144,501
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:      
Cash paid for income taxes$4,660
 $5,563
$718
 $4,660
Non-cash investing and financing activities:      
Additions of property and equipment included in accounts payable$3,003
 $2,461
$3,029
 $3,003
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.


iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)
1. Description of Business
iRobot Corporation ("iRobot" or the "Company") designs and builds robots that empower people to do more. The Company develops robotic technology and applies it to produce and market consumer robots. The Company’s revenue is primarily generated from product sales through distributor and retail sales channels, as well as its on-line stores.
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include those of iRobot and its subsidiaries, after elimination of all intercompany balances and transactions. iRobot has prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP)("GAAP"). In addition, certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary to the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been made to state fairly the Company's financial position. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for the full fiscal year or any future periods. The information included in this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Company's audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2017,29, 2018, filed with the SEC on February 16, 2018.14, 2019.
The Company operates and reports using a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Accordingly, the Company’s fiscal quarters end on the Saturday that falls closest to the last day of the third month of each quarter.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of these financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities revenueand revenues and expenses. These estimates and judgments, include but are not limited to, revenue recognition, including performance obligations, variable consideration and other obligations such as product returns and incentives; warranty costs; valuation of goodwill and acquired intangible assets; accounting for business combinations;valuation of financial instruments; evaluating loss contingencies; accounting for stock-based compensation including performance-based assessments; and accounting for income taxes and related valuation allowances. The Company bases these estimates and judgments on historical experience, market participant fair value considerations, projected future cash flows and various other factors that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from the Company’s estimates.
Fiscal Year-End
The Company operates and reports using a 52-53 week fiscal year ending on the Saturday closest to December 31. Accordingly, the Company’s fiscal quarters end on the Saturday that falls closest to the last day of the third month of each quarter.
Other Assets
During the three months ended March 31, 2018, theThe Company adopted Accounting Standards Update No. 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurementholds non-marketable equity securities as part of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," which revises the classification and measurement of financial instruments. Upon adoption of this standard, theits strategic investments portfolio. The Company now classifies its cost method investments as equity securities without readily determinable fair values and measures these investments at cost, less any impairment, adjusted for observable price changes. At March 31,30, 2019 and December 29, 2018, other assets consisted primarily of equity securities without readily determinable fair values and an equity method investment totaling $14.8 million. There was no adjustment recorded to the carrying value of our equity securities without readily determinable fair values as a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-01. At December 30, 2017, other assets consisted primarily of cost method investments$19.0 million and an equity method investment totaling $14.2 million.$15.1 million, respectively.
Net Income Per Share
Basic income per share is calculated using the Company's weighted-average outstanding common shares. Diluted income
per share is calculated using the Company's weighted-average outstanding common shares including the dilutive effect of stock
awards as determined under the treasury stock method.


8

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

The following table presents the calculation of both basic and diluted net income per share:share (in thousands, except per share amounts): 
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

Three Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share amounts)Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Net income$20,401
 $16,359
$22,520
 $20,401
Weighted-average common shares outstanding27,988
 27,304
27,863
 27,988
Dilutive effect of employee stock options and restricted shares935
 991
Dilutive effect of employee stock awards900
 935
Diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding28,923
 28,295
28,763
 28,923
Basic income per share$0.73
 $0.60
$0.81
 $0.73
Diluted income per share$0.71
 $0.58
$0.78
 $0.71
Restricted stock units and stock options representing approximately 0.10.0 million and 0.00.1 million shares of common stock for the three-month periodsthree months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, and April 1, 2017, respectively, were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share as their effect would have been antidilutive.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
In FebruaryJune 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB)("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU)("ASU") No. 2018-02, "Reclassification2018-07, "Compensation - Stock Compensation: Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718)." The amendments in ASU No. 2018-07 expand the scope of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income," which provides an optionTopic 718 to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive incomeinclude share-based payments issued to retained earningsnonemployees for goods or services. The amendments in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recorded. This guidance isthis ASU are effective for fiscal yearsannual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years,annual periods, with early adoption permitted. During the first quarter of 2018, the Company early adopted this standard, which did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In October 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, "Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory." ASU 2016-16 clarifies the accounting for the current and deferred income taxes for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. During the first quarter of 2018, theThe Company adopted this standard which did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities," as amended by ASU No. 2018-03 in Februaryeffective December 30, 2018 which revises various aspects of the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. The standard requires that marketable equity investments be measured at fair value with changes to fair value recognized in net income. ASU 2016-01 also provides a new measurement alternative for non-marketable equity investments that do not have a readily determinable fair value. Under the measurement alternative, investments are measured at cost, less any impairment, adjusted for changes from observable transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The Company adopted this guidance on December 31, 2017 and elected to record its non-marketable equity investments using the alternative measurement method, which did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
In May 2014,February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue2016-02 "Leases." This ASU and subsequently issued amendments require lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities on their balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by most leases and continue to recognize expenses on their income statements over the lease term. The standard also requires disclosures designed to give financial statement users information on the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from Contracts with Customers,leases. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, "Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements," ("ASC 606") which provides guidance for revenue recognition. The standard’s core principle isan alternative transition method that entities can elect when adopting the new standard. Under this alternative transition method, a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or servicesis permitted to customers in an amount that reflectsuse its effective date as the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. On December 31, 2017, thedate of initial application without restating comparative period financial statements. The Company adopted the guidancestandard effective December 30, 2018 using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts that were not completed asalternative transition method. Adoption of the adoption date. Undernew standard resulted in the modified retrospective method,recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities of approximately $52.8 million and $67.3 million, respectively. The Company's consolidated financial statements for the Company recognizedthree months ended March 30, 2019 are presented under the cumulative effect ofnew standard, while the adoptioncomparative quarter presented is not adjusted and recorded a net increase of $1.0 millioncontinues to be reported in accordance with the beginning retained earnings as of December 31, 2017.historical accounting policy. See Note 3, "Revenue Recognition,4, "Leases," for the required disclosures related to the impact of adopting this standard and a discussion of the Company's updated policies related to revenue recognition.lease accounting.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In August 2017,2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, "Derivatives2018-15, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Hedging,Other - Internal-Use Software." The new standard aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that was createdis a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to better align accounting rules with a company’s risk management activities, better reflect the economic results of hedging in the financial statements, and simplify hedge accounting treatment.develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The guidance isamendments to this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years,2019, with early adoption permitted. For cash flow hedges existing atImplementation should be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the adoption date the standard requires adoption on a modified retrospective basis with a cumulative-effect adjustment to the consolidated balance sheet as of the beginning of the year of adoption. The amendments to presentation guidance and disclosure requirements are required to be adopted prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the standard on its consolidated financial statements.
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

In March 2017,August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, "Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement: Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement." The amendment modifies disclosure requirements related to fair value measurement. The amendments to this ASU are effective for fiscal years, and Other Costs," which shortens the amortization period of certain callable debt securities held at a premium. The guidance is effective forinterim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with2019. Implementation on a prospective or retrospective basis varies by specific disclosure requirement. Early adoption is permitted. The standard also allows for early adoption permitted.of any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of this ASU while delaying adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The Company is currently evaluating thedoes not believe this amendment will have a material impact of the standard on its consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, "Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments," which amends the impairment model by requiring entities to use a forward-looking approach based on expected losses rather than incurred losses to estimate credit losses on certain types of financial instruments. This may result in the earlier recognition of

9

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

allowances for losses. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the standard on its consolidated financial statements. 
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases." ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize the assets and liabilities on their balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by most leases and continue to recognize expenses on their income statements over the lease term.  It will also require disclosures designed to give financial statement users information on the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the pending adoption of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated
financial statements, and currently expects that most of its operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and
recognized as operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets upon its adoption of ASU 2016-02, which will increase the total
assets and total liabilities that the Company reports relative to such amounts prior to adoption.
From time to time, new accounting pronouncements are issued by FASB that are adopted by the Company as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, the Company believes that recently issued standards, which are not yet effective, will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

3. Revenue Recognition
The Company primarily derives its revenue from product sales. The Company sells products directly to consumers through on-line stores and indirectly through resellers and distributors. Revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised products or services to customers, generally as title and risk of loss passes, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those products or services. Taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities, are excluded from revenue. Shipping and handling expenses are considered fulfillment activities and are expensed as incurred.
The Company’s product portfolio includes various consumer robots, many of which are Wi-Fi connected. The consumer robots are generally highly dependent on, and interrelated with, the embedded software and cannot function without the software. As such, the consumer robots are accounted for as a single performance obligation, and the revenue is recognized at a point in time when the control is transferred to distributors, resellers or directly to end customers through onlineon-line stores. For consumer robots with Wi-Fi capability ("connected robots"), each sale represents an arrangement with multiple promises consisting of the robot, an app, cloud services and potential future unspecified software upgrades. The Company has determined that the app, cloud services and potential future unspecified software upgrades represent one promised service to the customer to enhance the functionality and interaction with the robot (referred to collectively as "Cloud Services"). Under the previous revenue accounting standard, revenue allocated to the app and future unspecified software upgrades was deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the expected life of theFor certain connected robot. Under the newly adopted revenue standard, ASC 606,robots, the Company has concluded that, on a quantitative and qualitative basis, the Cloud Services do not constitute a material performance obligation and, as such, these services are not considered a separate performance obligation that requires allocation of transaction price.
During the third quarter of 2018, the Company launched Roomba i7 and i7+ which have the ability to learn, map and adapt to a home's floor plan. The Company has concluded that the Cloud Services related to these new products are a material performance obligation. For contracts that contain multiple consumer robots,performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on a relative standalone selling price ("SSP"). The SSP reflects the Company's best estimate of what the selling prices of elements would be if they were sold regularly on a standalone basis. Revenue allocated to the robots is recognized at a point in time when control is transferred. Revenue allocated to the Cloud Services is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period the software upgrades and services are expected to be provided. For contracts with a duration of greater than one year, the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied as of March 30, 2019 is not material. The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less.
The Company’s products generally carry a one-year limited warranty that promises customers that delivered products are as specified. The Company does not consider these assurance-type warranties as a separate performance obligation and therefore, the Company accounts for such warranties under ASC 460, Guarantees.

"Guarantees."
Significant Judgments
The Company provides limited rights of returns for direct-to-consumer sales generated through its on-line stores and certain resellers and distributors. In addition, the Company may provide other credits or incentives, including price protection, which are accounted for as variable consideration when estimating the amount of revenue to recognize. Where appropriate, these estimates take into consideration relevant factors such as the Company’s historical experience, current contractual requirements, specific known market events and trends and forecasted customer buying and payment patterns. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company’s best estimates, and the actual amounts of consideration ultimately received may differ from the
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

Company’s estimates. Returns and credits are estimated at contract inception and updated at the end of each reporting period as additional information becomes available and only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal of any incremental revenue will not occur. As of March 31, 2018,30, 2019, the Company has reserves for product returns of $38.3$45.6 million and other credits and incentives of $38.3$60.7 million. As of December 30, 2017,29, 2018, the Company had reserves for product returns of $42.7$53.9 million and other credits and incentives of $61.4$97.7 million. Revenue recognized during the three months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018 related to performance obligations satisfied in a prior period was not material.

10

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by geographical region for the three months ended March 31, 2018 (in thousands).:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2018March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Americas$116,649
United States$114,065
 $106,862
EMEA65,249
74,569
 69,587
APAC35,170
Other49,027
 40,619
Total revenue$217,068
$237,661
 $217,068

Contract Balances
The following table provides information about receivables contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers (in thousands):
March 31, 2018
(closing balance)
December 31, 2017
(opening balance)
March 30, 2019 December 29, 2018
Accounts receivable, net$69,532
$141,637
$54,496
 $162,166
Contract liabilities6,271
6,685
5,267
 5,756
The Company invoices customers based upon contractual billing schedules, and accounts receivable are recorded when the right to consideration becomes unconditional. Contract liabilities primarily relate to prepayments received from customers in advance of product shipments. The change in the opening and closing balances of the Company’s contract assets and contract liabilities primarily results from the timing difference between the Company’s performance and the customer’s payment. During the three-month periodthree months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, the Company recognized $5.8 million and $6.7 million, respectively, of the opening contract liability balance as revenue upon transfer of the products to customers.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
The Company generally expenses sales commissions when incurred because the amortization period is generally one year or less. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expenses.
The Company does not assess whether a prepayment received represents a significant financing component as the period between when the payment is received and the transfer of the products to the customer is generally one year or less.
The Company does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less.
Financial Statement Impact of Adopting ASC 606
The Company adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective method. The cumulative effect of applying the new guidance to all contracts with customers that were not completed as of December 30, 2017 was recorded as an increase of $1.0 million to retained earnings as of the adoption date. The adoption of the new guidance had an immaterial impact to the Company's consolidated balance sheet and statement of income as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018.

4. Business CombinationLeases
AcquisitionThe Company's leasing arrangements primarily consist of Robopolis
On October 2, 2017,operating leases for its facilities which include corporate, sales and research and development offices. For leases with terms greater than 12 months, the Company closedrecords the acquisitionrelated right-of-use asset and lease obligation at the present value of its largest European distributor, Robopolis SAS,lease payments over the term. The Company's leases typically include rental escalation clauses, renewal options and/or termination options that are factored into the determination of lease payments when appropriate. The Company does not separate lease and nonlease components of contracts and excludes all variable lease payments from the measurement of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. The Company's variable lease payments generally include usage based nonlease components. The Company's lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or restrictive covenants. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; lease expense is recognized on a French company (Robopolis), subsequently renamed iRobot France SAS. straight-line basis over the lease term.
The acquisition will better enableCompany's existing leases do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. Therefore, the Company estimates its incremental borrowing rate to maintain its leadership position and grow its business in several Western European countries through direct controldiscount the lease payments based on information available at December 30, 2018 (date of pre- and post-sales market activities including sales, marketing, branding, channel relationships and customer service. initial application) or the lease commencement date for existing leases upon adoption or new leases post adoption, respectively. At March 30, 2019, the Company's weighted average discount rate was 3.61%, while the weighted average remaining lease term was 9.83 years.
The initial purchase price was approximately $170.1 million in cash, netcomponents of acquired cash of $38.0 million, subject to the finalization of the working capital adjustment in accordance with the stock purchase agreement. During the first quarter of 2018, the working capitallease expense were as follows (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019
Operating lease cost$1,973
Variable lease cost825
Total lease cost$2,798

11

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

adjustmentSupplemental cash flow information related to leases was finalized and resulted in a reduction in the purchase price of $0.7 million. The results of operations for this acquisition have been included in the Company’s operating results since the acquisition date.
The estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are provisional and are based on the information that was available as of the acquisition date to estimate the fair values. Therefore, the provisional measurements of fair value reflected are subject to change and such changes could be significant. The Company is continuing to analyze certain pre-acquisition income tax filing positions of Robopolis in various taxing jurisdictions that will assist the Company in finalizing the amounts to record for any assumed uncertain income tax positions. The Company expects to finalize the valuation and complete the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable, but no later than one year from the acquisition date.
The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase pricefollows (in thousands):
Cash$37,981
Accounts receivable21,426
Inventory36,304
Goodwill78,926
Intangible assets36,597
Other assets2,456
Total assets acquired213,690
  
Accounts payable(29,391)
Accrued expenses(3,376)
Deferred tax liabilities(10,864)
Other liabilities(645)
Total liabilities assumed(44,276)
Net assets acquired$169,414
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: 
Operating cash flows from operating leases$2,020
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: 
Operating leases$52,767

The following table reflects the fair valueMaturities of the acquired identifiable intangible assets and related estimatesoperating lease liabilities were as follows as of useful lives:March 30, 2019 (in thousands):
 Useful Life Fair Value
   (in thousands)
Reacquired distribution rights2.25 years $29,296
Customer relationships14 years 7,029
Non-competition agreements3 years 272
Total
 $36,597
 Operating leases
Remainder of 2019$5,633
20208,557
20218,265
20227,594
20237,148
Thereafter41,277
Total minimum lease payments$78,474
Less: imputed interest13,148
Present value of future minimum lease payments$65,326
Less: current portion of operating lease liabilities (Note 7)5,521
Long-term lease liabilities$59,805

Pro Forma Results (Unaudited)Financial Statement Impact of Adopting ASC 842
The following table shows unaudited pro forma resultsCompany adopted ASC 842 using the alternative transition method. Under this alternative transition method, a company is permitted to use its effective date as the date of operations as ifinitial application without restating comparative period financial statements. The Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allowed the Company had acquired Robopolis on January 1, 2017 (dollarsto carryforward its historical assessments of (1) whether contracts are or contain leases, (2) lease classification and (3) initial direct costs. In addition, the Company elected the practical expedient to use hindsight in thousands, except per share amounts):

 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017
Revenue$217,068
 $179,124
Net income20,401
 15,647
Net income per share:   
Basic income per share$0.73
 $0.57
Diluted income per share$0.71
 $0.55
The unaudited pro forma results of operations are not necessarily indicativedetermining lease term. Adoption of the actual results that would have occurred had the transactions taken place at the beginning of the periods indicated.
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

On April 3, 2017, the Company closed its acquisition of the iRobot-related distribution business of Sales on Demand Corporation ("SODC"). We have not furnished pro forma financial information relating to our acquisition of SODC, because such information is not material, individually ornew standard resulted in the aggregate, to our financial results.recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of approximately $52.8 million and $67.3 million, respectively. The standard did not materially impact the Company's consolidated income or cash flows.

5. Inventory
Inventory consists of the following:following (in thousands):
March 31, 2018 December 30, 2017
(In thousands)March 30, 2019 December 29, 2018
Raw materials$3,853
 $4,036
$2,910
 $2,992
Finished goods108,258
 102,896
178,218
 161,641
$112,111
 $106,932
$181,128
 $164,633

6. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
The following table summarizes the activity in the carrying amount of goodwill for the three months ended March 31, 2018:
 (In thousands)
  
Balance as of December 30, 2017$121,440
Purchase accounting adjustments(663)
Effect of foreign currency translation2,441
Balance as of March 31, 2018$123,218

Intangible assets at March 31, 2018 and December 30, 2017 consisted of the following:
 March 31, 2018 December 30, 2017
 Cost 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net Cost 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net
 (In thousands)
Completed technology$26,900
 $19,014
 $7,886
 $26,900
 $18,150
 $8,750
Tradename100
 100
 
 100
 100
 
Customer relationships11,766
 629
 11,137
 11,594
 418
 11,176
Reacquired distribution rights34,660
 13,306
 21,354
 33,760
 9,226
 24,534
Non-competition agreements

283
 47

236
 275
 23
 252
Total$73,709
 $33,096
 $40,613
 $72,629
 $27,917
 $44,712
Amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets was $5.2 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense related to current intangible assets is expected to be as follows2019 (in thousands):

12
 Cost of Revenue Operating Expenses Total
Remainder of 2018$14,368
 $821
 $15,189
201912,397
 1,091
 13,488
2020900
 1,067
 1,967
2021900
 830
 1,730
2022675
 829
 1,504
Thereafter
 6,735
 6,735
Total$29,240
 $11,373
 $40,613


iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

Balance as of December 29, 2018$118,896
Effect of foreign currency translation(1,350)
Balance as of March 30, 2019$117,546
Intangible assets at March 30, 2019 and December 29, 2018 consisted of the following (in thousands):
 March 30, 2019 December 29, 2018
 Cost 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net Cost 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Net
Completed technology$26,900
 $22,471
 $4,429
 $26,900
 $21,607
 $5,293
Tradename100
 100
 
 100
 100
 
Customer relationships11,037
 1,464
 9,573
 11,291
 1,365
 9,926
Reacquired distribution rights32,000
 25,443
 6,557
 32,499
 23,598
 8,901
Non-competition agreements258
 128

130
 263
 110
 153
Total$70,295
 $49,606
 $20,689
 $71,053
 $46,780
 $24,273
Amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets was $3.3 million and $5.1 million for the three months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively.

The estimated future amortization expense related to current intangible assets in each of the five succeeding fiscal years is expected to be as follows (in thousands):
 Cost of Revenue Operating Expenses Total
Remainder of 2019$8,511
 $874
 $9,385
2020900
 998
 1,898
2021900
 777
 1,677
2022675
 777
 1,452
2023
 777
 777
Thereafter
 5,500
 5,500
Total$10,986
 $9,703
 $20,689

7. Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses consistconsisted of the following at:at (in thousands):
March 31, 2018 December 30, 2017March 30, 2019 December 29, 2018
(In thousands)
Accrued compensation$16,387
 $29,514
Accrued other compensation$14,549
 $10,518
Accrued warranty11,628
 11,964
Accrued bonus5,522
 21,226
Current portion of operating lease liabilities5,521
 
Accrued direct fulfillment costs4,595
 5,372
Accrued sales and other indirect taxes payable2,631
 11,397
Accrued income taxes12,295
 7,110
2,531
 1,936
Accrued warranty11,833
 11,264
Accrued sales and other indirect taxes payable1,861
 7,256
Accrued sales and marketing1,620
 3,299
Accrued accounting fees1,540
 1,221
2,449
 2,052
Accrued direct fulfillment costs790
 1,885
Accrued other9,781
 12,098
5,443
 6,794
$56,107
 $73,647
$54,869
 $71,259

8. Derivative Instruments
The Company operates internationally and, in the normal course of business, is exposed to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The foreign currency exposures typically arise from transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency of the Company's operations, primarily the Japanese Yen, Canadian dollar and the Euro. The Company

13

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

uses derivative instruments that are designated in cash flow hedge relationships to reduce or eliminate the effects of foreign exchange rate changes on purchasessales and sales.purchases. These contracts typically have maturities of thirteenthirty-seven months or less. At March 31, 201830, 2019 and December 30, 2017,29, 2018, the Company had outstanding cash flow hedges with a total notional value of $67.4$379.6 million and $73.7$366.7 million, respectively.
The Company also enters into economic hedges that are not designated as hedges from an accounting standpoint to reduce or eliminate the effects of foreign exchange rate changes typically related to short term trade receivables and payables. These contracts typically have maturities of twoten months or less. At March 31, 201830, 2019 and December 30, 2017,29, 2018, the Company had outstanding economic hedges with a total notional value of $30.6$30.3 million and $36.6$56.0 million, respectively.
The fair values of derivative instruments are as follows:follows (in thousands):
 Fair Value
Classification March 31, 2018 December 30, 2017 Fair Value
 (In thousands)Classification March 30, 2019 December 29, 2018
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:    Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:   
Foreign currency forward contractsOther current assets $
 $413
Other current assets $617
 $551
Foreign currency forward contractsAccrued expenses 936
 221
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:    Derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:   
Foreign currency forward contractsOther current assets $131
 $488
Other current assets $1,468
 $53
Foreign currency forward contractsOther assets 
 116
Other assets 4,226
 172
Foreign currency forward contractsAccrued expenses 1,676
 279
Accrued expenses 130
 335
Foreign currency forward contractsLong-term liabilities 105
 795
Gains (losses) associated with derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments are as follows:follows (in thousands):
   Three Months Ended
 Classification March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017
   (In thousands)
Gain (loss) recognized in incomeOther income, net $(1,169) $(225)
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)
   Three Months Ended
 Classification March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Gain (loss) recognized in incomeOther income, net $433
 $(1,169)

The following tables reflect the effect of foreign exchange forward contracts that arederivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments for the three months ended March 29, 2019 and March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 (in thousands): 
      Effective Portion Ineffective Portion
  Gain (loss) recognized in OCI on Derivative (1) Gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (2) Gain (loss) recognized in income (3)
  Three months ended   Three months ended   Three months ended
  March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 Classification March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 Classification March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017
                 
Foreign currency forward contracts $(2,714) $
 Revenue $(166) $
 Other income, net $(78) $
      Cost of revenue $(755) $
      
  Gain (loss) recognized in OCI on Derivative (1)
  Three Months Ended
  March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Foreign currency forward contracts $6,404
 $(2,714)
(1)The amount represents the change in fair value of derivative contracts due to changes in spot rates.
(2)The amount represents reclassification from other comprehensive income to earnings that occurs when the hedged item affects earnings.
(3)The amount represents the change in fair value of derivative contracts due to changes in the forward rates. No gains or losses were reclassified as a result of discontinuance of cash flow hedges.
  Gain (loss) recognized in earnings on cash flow hedging instruments
  March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
  Revenue Cost of revenue Revenue Cost of revenue
Consolidated statements of income in which the effects of cash flow hedging instruments are recorded $237,661
 $118,115
 $217,068
 $101,283
         
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships:        
Foreign currency forward contracts:        
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCI into earnings $(144) $
 $(166) $(755)


14

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

9. Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 2018,30, 2019, were as follows:follows (in thousands):
 
Fair Value Measurements as of
March 31, 2018

Level 1 Level 2 (1) Level 3
 (In thousands)
Assets:     
Money market funds$60,452
 $
 $
Corporate and government bonds, $40,686 at cost (2)
 39,960
 
Derivative instruments (Note 8)
 131
 
Total assets measured at fair value$60,452
 $40,091
 $
      
Liabilities:     
Derivative instruments (Note 8)$
 $2,612
 $
Total liabilities measured at fair value$
 $2,612
 $
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)
 Fair Value Measurements as of
March 30, 2019

Level 1 Level 2 (1) Level 3 (2)
Assets:     
Corporate and government bonds, $27,615 at cost (3)$
 $27,363
 $
Derivative instruments (Note 8)
 6,311
 
Total assets measured at fair value$
 $33,674
 $
      
Liabilities:     
Derivative instruments (Note 8)$
 $235
 $
Total liabilities measured at fair value$
 $235
 $

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 30, 2017,29, 2018, were as follows:follows (in thousands):
Fair Value Measurements as of
December 30, 2017
Level 1 Level 2 (1) Level 3Fair Value Measurements as of
December 29, 2018
(In thousands)Level 1 Level 2 (1) Level 3 (2)
Assets:          
Money market funds$3,165
 $
 $
$3,730
 $
 $
Corporate and government bonds, $37,767 at cost (2)
 37,225
 
Corporate and government bonds, $30,035 at cost
 29,605
 
Convertible note
 
 2,000
Derivative instruments (Note 8)
 1,017
 

 776
 
Total assets measured at fair value$3,165
 $38,242
 $
$3,730
 $30,381
 $2,000
          
Liabilities:          
Derivative instruments (Note 8)$
 $500
 $
$
 $1,130
 $
Total liabilities measured at fair value$
 $500
 $
$
 $1,130
 $
(1)Level 2 fair value estimates are based on observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
(2)Level 3 fair value estimates are based on inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. The fair values are therefore determined using model-based techniques, including option pricing and discounted cash flow models. Unobservable inputs used in the models are significant to the fair values of the assets and liabilities.
(3)As of March 31, 2018,30, 2019, the Company’s investments had maturity dates ranging from June 2018May 2019 to March 2021.
The following table provides a summary of changes in fair value of our Level 3 investment for the three months ended March 30, 2019 (in thousands):
Balance as of December 29, 2018$2,000
Conversion of convertible note(2,000)
Balance as of March 30, 2019$




15

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

10. Stockholders' Equity
Share Repurchase Activity
On February 27, 2018, the Company's board of directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing up to $50.0 million in share repurchases. This share repurchase program commenced on March 28, 2018 with an expiration date of December 28, 2018. The Company repurchased 30,000 shares of common stock for $1.9 million under the program during the three months ended March 31, 2018. As of June 30, 2018, the Company completed the repurchase program and repurchased 798,794 shares of common stock totaling $50.0 million.

11. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
From time to time and in the ordinary course of business, the Company is subject to various claims, charges and litigation. The outcome of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty and some lawsuits, claims or proceedings may be disposed of unfavorably to us, which could materially affect our financial condition or results of operations.
Lease Obligations
The Company leases its facilities. Rental expense under operating leases for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017 amounts to $3.2 million and $1.6 million, respectively. Future minimum rental payments under operating leases were as follows as of March 31, 2018:
 
Operating
Leases
 (In thousands)
Remainder of 2018$5,042
20197,715
20207,370
20217,362
20227,287
Thereafter41,893
Total minimum lease payments$76,669
iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

Outstanding Purchase Orders
At March 31, 2018,30, 2019, the Company had outstanding purchase orders aggregating approximately $115.9$155.1 million. These purchase orders, the majority of which are with contract manufacturers for the purchase of inventory in the normal course of business, are for manufacturing and non-manufacturing related goods and services, and are generally cancelable without penalty. In circumstances where the Company determines that it has financial exposure associated with any of these commitments, the Company records a liability in the period in which that exposure is identified.
Guarantees and Indemnification Obligations
The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company indemnifies and agrees to reimburse the indemnified party for losses incurred by the indemnified party, generally the Company’s customers, in connection with any patent, copyright, trade secret or other proprietary right infringement claim by any third party. The term of these indemnification agreements is generally perpetual any time after execution of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification agreements is unlimited. The Company has never incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements. As a result, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these agreements is minimal. Accordingly, the Company has no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of March 31, 201830, 2019 and December 30, 2017,29, 2018, respectively.
Warranty
The Company provides warranties on most products and has established a reserve for warranty obligations based on estimated warranty costs. The reserve is included as part of accrued expenses (Note 7) in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.    
Activity related to the warranty accrual was as follows:follows (in thousands):
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017
 (In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period$11,264
 $8,464
Provision2,435
 1,994
Warranty usage (1)(1,866) (1,730)
Balance at end of period$11,833
 $8,728
(1)Warranty usage includes costs incurred for warranty obligations.

 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Balance at beginning of period$11,964
 $11,264
Provision2,652
 2,435
Warranty usage(2,988) (1,866)
Balance at end of period$11,628
 $11,833
12. Income Taxes
The Company’s effective income tax rate for the three months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, was 4.3% and April 1, 2017, was 21.3% and 24.4%, respectively.
On December 22, 2017, The decrease in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, or the "Act", was signed into law making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. Effective for the Company's 2018 tax year, the Act reduces the federal statutoryeffective income tax rate from 35%was primarily due to 21% and implements certain additional provisions for the 2018increased tax year, including the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI") inclusion and the Foreign Derived Intangible Income ("FDII") deduction.
Due to the timing of the enactment and the complexity involved in applying the provisions of the Act, the Company made reasonable estimates of the effects and recorded a provisional amount relating to the transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings in its financial statements as of December 30, 2017. Additional analysis is necessary to complete the calculation and accountingbenefits related to this provisional amount that was recordedexcess stock-based compensation partially offset by an increase in foreign taxes in the Company’s financial statements for the year ending Decemberthree months ended March 30, 2017. Based on available guidance released to date, there have been no changes recorded. Any future adjustments to this amount will be recorded to the current income tax provision during the measurement period which is not expected to be beyond one year from the enactment date.2019.
The Company's effective income tax rate of 21.3%4.3% for the three months ended March 31, 201830, 2019 differed from the federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to state taxes, partially offset by tax benefits related to excess stock-based compensation.
The Company's effective tax rate of 24.4% for the three months ended April 1, 2017 differed from the federal statutory tax rate of 35% primarily due to the recognition of tax benefits related to excess stock-based compensation.compensation partially offset by an increase in foreign taxes.

16

iROBOT CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - (continued)

The decrease in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to the three months ended April 1, 2017 was primarily due to the impacts of the Act, including the reduced federal statutory tax rate partially offset by increased state taxes and decreased tax benefits of excess stock-based compensation.

13. Industry Segment, Geographic Information and Significant Customers
The Company operates as one operating segment, consumer robots, the results of which are included in the Company's consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.segment. The Company's consumer robots products are offered to consumers through a network ofdistributor and retail businesses and one distributor throughout the United States, to various countries through international distributors and retailers, and through the Company'ssales channels, as well as its on-line store.stores.
Significant Customers
For the three months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, the Company generated 16.1% and 11.3% of total revenue, respectively, from one of its retailers (Amazon). For the three months ended April 1, 2017, the Company generated 13.5%, 10.5% and 10.0% of total revenue from a network of affiliated European distributors (Robopolis SAS), its distributor in Japan (SODC) and one of its retailers (Bed Bath & Beyond), respectively. On April 3, 2017, the Company acquired the iRobot-related distribution business of SODC, and on October 2, 2017, the Company acquired Robopolis SAS (Note 4).



Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of the financial condition and results of operations of iRobot Corporation should be readinformation contained in conjunction with thethis section has been derived from our consolidated financial statements and theshould be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the audited financial statements and notes thereto and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2017, which has been filed with the SEC.10-Q. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and are subject to the “safe harbor”"safe harbor" created by those sections. In particular, statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, and in the documents incorporated by reference into this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts, including, but not limited to statements concerning new product sales, product development and offerings, including our consumer robots, our competition, our strategy, our market position, market acceptance of our products, seasonal factors, revenue recognition, (including our expectations related to the impact of adoption of new revenue recognition standards), our profits, growth of our revenues, composition of our revenues, our cost of revenues, units shipped, average selling prices, operating expenses, selling and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses, research and development expenses, compensation costs, our projected income tax rate, our credit and letter of credit facilities, our valuations of investments, the impact of our acquisitions of Robopolis and SODC, valuation and composition of our stock-based awards, and liquidity, constitute forward-looking statements and are made under these safe harbor provisions. Some of the forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terms such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “seek,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates,”"believes," "expects," "may," "will," "should," "could," "seek," "intends," "plans," "estimates," "anticipates," or other comparable terms. Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including those risks and uncertainties described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2017, as well as elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.statements. We urge you to consider the risks and uncertainties discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K and in Item 1A contained hereingreater detail under the heading "Risk Factors" in evaluating our forward-looking statements. We have no plans to update our forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.report. We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made.

Overview
iRobot is a leading consumer robot company that designs and builds robots that empower people to do more both inside and outside of the home. Our consumer robots help people find smarter ways to clean and accomplish more in their daily lives. iRobot'sOur portfolio of solutions features proprietary technologies for the connected home and advanced concepts in cleaning, mapping and navigation, human-robot interaction and physical solutions. Leveraging this portfolio, our engineers are building an ecosystem of robots to empower the smart home. For more than 25 years, we have been a pioneer in the robotics and consumer products industries. We sell our robots through a variety of distribution channels, including chain stores and other national retailers, through our on-line store, and through value-added distributors and resellers worldwide.
During 2017, we continued to expand our global operations with the acquisition of two of our major distributors in Japan and Europe. On April 3, 2017, we closed the acquisition of the iRobot-related distribution business of Sales On Demand Corporation (SODC) based in Tokyo. Additionally, on October 2, 2017, we acquired our largest European distributor, Robopolis SAS, a French company (Robopolis). We expect to drive continued growth in global markets through a consistent approach to all market activities including sales, marketing, branding, channel relationships and customer service. Both acquisitions provide us with more direct control over the go-to-market execution in these key regions.
As of March 31, 2018,30, 2019, we had 9541,072 full-time employees. We have developed expertise in the disciplines necessary to build durable, high-performance and cost-effective robots through the close integration of software, electronics and hardware. Our core technologies serve as reusable building blocks that we adapt and expand to develop next generationnext-generation and new products, reducing the time, cost and risk ofassociated with product development. Our significant expertise in consumer needs, robot design, engineering and engineeringsmart home technologies and trends positions us to capitalize on the growth we expect in the market for robot-based consumer products.
Our continued success depends upon our ability to respond to a number of challenges in the consumer robots market. We believe the most significant of these include increasing competition and our ability to successfully develop and introduce products and product enhancements into both new and existing markets.

In the third quarter of 2018, we introduced the Roomba i7 and i7+ in the U.S., which are robot vacuums that remember a home's floor plan and clean specific rooms by name. Using Imprint™ Smart Mapping, the Roomba i7+ learns the home's floor plan, giving customers total control over which rooms to clean and when. When the Roomba i7+ robot vacuum is finished cleaning, it empties its own dust bin into the Clean Base™, which holds 30 bins of dirt. In the third quarter of 2018, the Company also introduced the Roomba e5, a highly-featured product at a more accessible price, to our lineup in the U.S. In the fourth quarter of 2018, we introduced the Roomba e5 in markets outside of the U.S. in advance of the holiday season. During the first quarter of 2019, we successfully launched Roomba i7 and i7+ in EMEA, Japan and China.


Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenuerevenues and expenses. These estimates and judgments, include but are not limited to, revenue recognition including performance obligations, variable consideration and other obligations such as product returns and incentives; valuation of goodwill and acquired intangible assets; accounting for business combinations; evaluating loss contingencies; accounting for stock-based compensation including performance-based assessments; and accounting for income taxes and related valuation allowances. We base these estimates and judgments on historical experience, market participant fair value considerations, projected future cash flows and various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from our estimates. Additional information about these critical accounting policies may be found in the "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2018.
Effective December 30, 2017.
On December 31, 2017,2018, we adopted the new revenueleasing standard under ASC 606842 using the modified retrospectivealternative transition method. The adoption of the new guidance had an immaterialstandard resulted in a material increase in the assets and liabilities, while the impact to our consolidated financialon the Company's results as of operations and cash flows was not material for the three months ended March 31, 2018.30, 2019. We have updated our accounting policy as it relates to revenue recognition.lease accounting. Refer to Note 34 of the consolidated financial statements.
Overview of Results of Operations
The following table sets forth our results of operations as a percentage of revenue for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017:revenue:
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018
Revenue100.0% 100.0%100.0% 100.0%
Cost of revenue:      
Cost of product revenue44.5
 47.7
48.4
 44.5
Amortization of intangible assets2.2
 0.5
Amortization of acquired intangible assets1.3
 2.2
Total cost of revenue46.7
 48.2
49.7
 46.7
Gross margin53.3
 51.8
Gross profit50.3
 53.3
Operating expenses:      
Research and development15.2
 15.1
14.8
 15.2
Selling and marketing14.4
 13.4
16.4
 14.4
General and administrative11.9
 10.5
9.6
 11.9
Amortization of intangible assets0.1
 
Amortization of acquired intangible assets0.1
 0.1
Total operating expenses41.6
 39.0
40.9
 41.6
Operating income11.7
 12.8
9.4
 11.7
Other income, net0.2
 
0.5
 0.2
Income before income taxes11.9
 12.8
9.9
 11.9
Income tax expense2.5
 3.1
0.4
 2.5
Net income9.4% 9.7%9.5% 9.4%


Comparison of Three Months Ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018 and April 1, 2017
Revenue
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
   (In thousands)  
Total revenue$217,068 $168,467 $48,601 28.8%
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
   (In thousands)  
Revenue$237,661
 $217,068
 $20,593
 9.5%
Total revenueRevenue for the three months ended March 30, 2019 increased to $237.7 million, or 9.5%, compared to $217.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 increased to $217.1 million, or 28.8%, compared to $168.5 million for the three months ended April 1, 2017.2018. The $48.6$20.6 million increase in revenue for the three months ended March 31, 201830, 2019 was primarily driven by a 15.8% increase in total units shippedthe success of our launch of the Roomba i7, i7+ and e5 robots and a 19.8%3.9% increase in average selling price as compared to the three months ended April 1, 2017, partially dueMarch 31, 2018. Total robots shipped in the three months ended March 30, 2019 were approximately 0.9 million units, compared to approximately 0.8 million units in the acquisitions of SODC and Robopolis.three months ended March 31, 2018. In the three months ended


March 31, 2018,30, 2019, domestic consumer revenue increased $22.1$7.2 million, or 26.0%6.7%, and international consumer revenue increased $26.7$13.4 million, or 32.0%12.1%, as compared to the three months ended April 1, 2017. Total consumer robots shipped in the three months ended March 31, 2018 were approximately 815,000 units compared to approximately 704,000 units in the three months ended April 1, 2017. The increase in sales of our consumer robots resulted primarily from increased sales of our Roomba 900 and Roomba 600 series robots.2018.
Cost of Product Revenue
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Cost of product revenue$96,501 $80,260 $16,241 20.2%$115,038
 $96,501
 $18,537
 19.2%
As a percentage of total revenue44.5% 47.7% 
As a percentage of revenue48.4% 44.5%    
Total costCost of product revenue increased to $115.0 million in the three months ended March 30, 2019, compared to $96.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018, compared to $80.32018. The $18.5 million in the three months ended April 1, 2017. The increase in cost of product revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2018 is primarily due to the increase in revenue comparedand impact of the 10% tariff cost we incur on all Roomba product imports into the United States from China effective as of September 24, 2018.
Gross Profit
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Gross profit$119,546
 $115,785
 $3,761
 3.2%
Gross margin50.3% 53.3%    
Gross profit increased $3.8 million, or 3.2%, to $119.5 million (50.3% of revenue) in the three months ended April 1, 2017.
Gross Margin
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Total gross margin$115,785 $87,343 $28,442 32.6%
As a percentage of total revenue53.3% 51.8%    
Gross margin increased $28.4 million, or 32.6%, toMarch 30, 2019 from $115.8 million (53.3% of revenue) in the three months ended March 31, 20182018. The decrease in gross margin is primarily related to pricing and promotional activity, particularly as we transition to our new products, as well as the increased tariffs on all Roomba products imported to the United States from $87.3China.
Research and Development
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Research and development$35,269
 $32,945
 $2,324
 7.1%
As a percentage of revenue14.8% 15.2%    
Research and development expenses increased $2.3 million, (51.8%or 7.1%, to $35.3 million (14.8% of revenue) in the three months ended April 1, 2017. The increase in gross margin is primarily related to favorable product and region mix as well as the increase in average selling price related to our acquisitions of SODC and Robopolis.
Research and Development
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Total research and development$32,945 $25,508 $7,437 29.2%
As a percentage of total revenue15.2% 15.1%    
Research and development expenses increased $7.4 million, or 29.2%, toMarch 30, 2019 from $32.9 million (15.2% of revenue) in the three months ended March 31, 2018. This increase is primarily due to an increase in people-related costs of $3.4 million resulting from increased headcount, partially offset by a decrease of $1.3 million of consulting services during the three months ended March 30, 2019 compared to the three months


ended March 31, 2018 from $25.5as we continued to enhance our products and invest in product development and digital features to support our long-term growth.
Selling and Marketing
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Selling and marketing$38,836
 $31,329
 $7,507
 24.0%
As a percentage of revenue16.4% 14.4%    
Selling and marketing expenses increased by $7.5 million, (15.1%or 24.0%, to $38.8 million (16.4% of revenue) in the three months ended April 1, 2017. This increase is attributable to increased efforts in product development and continued product enhancements. During the three months ended March 31, 2018, people and program related costs increased $5.1 million and $1.9 million, respectively, compared to the three months ended April 1, 2017.
Selling and Marketing
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Total selling and marketing$31,329 $22,575 $8,754 38.8%
As a percentage of total revenue14.4% 13.4%    
Selling and marketing expenses increased by $8.8 million, or 38.8%, to30, 2019 from $31.3 million (14.4% of revenue) in the three months ended March 31, 2018 from $22.6 million (13.4% of revenue) in the three months ended April 1, 2017.2018. This increase was primarily attributable to higher people-related costsmarketing investments of $5.1$5.3 million including additional headcount related to our acquisitionsnew product launches outside of SODCthe U.S. and Robopolis in 2017, and $2.6 million in marketing investments to support our continued global marketing and branding efforts.


efforts as well as higher people-related costs of $1.8 million.
General and Administrative
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Total general and administrative$25,833 $17,622 $8,211 46.6%
As a percentage of total revenue11.9% 10.5%    
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 Dollar
Change
 Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
General and administrative$22,907
 $25,833
 $(2,926) (11.3)%
As a percentage of revenue9.6% 11.9%    
General and administrative expenses increaseddecreased by $8.2$2.9 million, or 46.6%11.3%, to $22.9 million (9.6% of revenue) in the three months ended March 30, 2019 from $25.8 million (11.9% of revenue) in the three months ended March 31, 2018 from $17.6 million (10.5% of revenue) in the three months ended April 1, 2017. This increase was primarily attributable to higherlower legal costs of $3.2$2.9 million mainly driven by litigation expense as we continued to defend and protect ourafter favorable determination of a previously-disclosed intellectual property as well as an increaselitigation suit in the fourth quarter of $2.8 million in people-related costs including additional headcount related to the acquisitions of SODC and Robopolis in 2017.2018.
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Total amortization of intangible assets$5,055 $864 $4,191 485.1%
As a percentage of total revenue2.3% 0.5%    
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 Dollar
Change
 Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Cost of revenue$3,077
 $4,782
 $(1,705) (35.7)%
Operating expense271
 273
 (2) (0.7)%
Total amortization expense$3,348
 $5,055
 $(1,707) (33.8)%
As a percentage of revenue1.4% 2.3%    
The increasedecrease in amortization of acquired intangible assets in the three months ended March 31, 201830, 2019 as compared to the three months ended April 1, 2017,March 31, 2018, was primarily related to acquiredthe reacquired distribution rights intangible assets from our acquisitions of SODC and Robopolis in 2017.asset, which is being amortized on an accelerated basis.
Other Income, Net
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Total other income, net$519 $3 $516 17,200.0%
As a percentage of total revenue0.2% —%    
 Three Months Ended
 March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 Dollar
Change
 Percent
Change
 (In thousands)
Other income, net$1,280
 $519
 $761
 146.6%
As a percentage of revenue0.5% 0.2%    
Other income, net, amounted to $0.5$1.3 million and $0.0$0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 201830, 2019 and April 1, 2017, respectively. The increase in other income, net for the three-month period ended March 31, 2018, compared to the three-month period ended April 1, 2017 primarily relates torespectively. Other income, net gains onincludes interest income, interest expense, foreign currency changes, partially offset by adjustments to non-marketable equity securities.gains (losses) as well as gains (losses) from strategic investments.


Income Tax ProvisionExpense
Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
March 31, 2018 April 1, 2017 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
March 30, 2019 March 31, 2018 
Dollar
Change
 
Percent
Change
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Income tax provision$5,523 $5,282 $241 4.6%
Income tax expense$1,023
 $5,523
 $(4,500) (81.5)%
Effective income tax rate21.3% 24.4% 
 
4.3% 21.3%    

We recorded aan income tax provisionexpense of $5.5$1.0 million and $5.3$5.5 million for the three months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, and April 1, 2017, respectively. The $1.0 million expense for the three months ended March 30, 2019 resulted in an effective income tax rate of 4.3%. The $5.5 million provisionexpense for the three months ended March 31, 2018 resulted in an effective income tax rate of 21.3%. The $5.3 million provision fordecrease in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to increased tax benefits related to excess stock-based compensation, partially offset by an increase in foreign taxes in the three months ended April 1, 2017 resulted in anMarch 30, 2019.
Our effective income tax rate of 24.4%.
On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, or the "Act", was signed into law making significant changes to the Internal Revenue Code. Effective for our 2018 tax year, the Act reduces the federal statutory tax rate from 35% to 21% and implements certain additional provisions for the 2018 tax year, including the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI") inclusion and the Foreign Derived Intangible Income ("FDII") deduction.


Due to the timing of the enactment and the complexity involved in applying the provisions of the Act, we made reasonable estimates of the effects and recorded a provisional amount relating to the transition tax on the mandatory deemed repatriation of foreign earnings in its financial statements as of December 30, 2017. Additional analysis is necessary to complete the calculation and accounting related to this provisional amount that was recorded in our financial statements for the year ending December 30, 2017. Based on available guidance released to date, there have been no changes recorded. Any future adjustments to this amount will be recorded to the current income tax provision during the measurement period which is not expected to be beyond one year from the enactment date.
The decrease in the effective tax rate4.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2018 as compared to30, 2019 differed from the three months ended April 1, 2017 wasfederal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to the impactsrecognition of the Act, including the reduced federal statutory tax ratebenefits related to excess stock-based compensation partially offset by increased state taxes and decreased tax benefits of excess stock-based compensation.an increase in foreign taxes.

Liquidity and Capital Resources
At March 31, 2018,30, 2019, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and cash equivalents totaling $144.5$173.1 million, short-term investments of $40.0$27.4 million and accounts receivable of $69.5$54.5 million. Our working capital, which represents our total current assets less total current liabilities, was $321.8 million as of March 30, 2019, compared to $259.2 million as of March 31, 2018, compared to $287.9 million as of April 1, 2017.2018.
We manufacture and distribute our products through contract manufacturers and third-party logistics providers. We believe that this approach gives us the advantages of relatively low capital investment and significant flexibility in scheduling production and managing inventory levels. By leasing our office facilities, we also minimize the cash needed for expansion. Accordingly, our capital spending is generally limited to leasehold improvements, computers, office furniture, product-specific production tooling, internal use software and test equipment. In the three months ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, and April 1, 2017, we spent $8.7$6.0 million and $3.0$8.7 million, respectively, on capital equipment.expenditures.
Our strategy for delivering consumer products to our distributors and retail customers gives us the flexibility to provide container shipments directly from our contract manufacturers in Southern China to our customers from China and, alternatively, allows our distributors and certain retail customers to take possession of product on a domestic basis. Accordingly, our consumer product inventory consists of goods shipped to our third-party logistics providers for the fulfillment of distributor, retail and direct-to-consumer sales. Our contract manufacturers are also responsible for purchasing and stocking components required for the production of our products, and they typically invoice us when the finished goods are shipped.
Cash provided by operating activities
As of March 31, 2018,30, 2019, we held cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $184.5$200.5 million. Net cash provided by our operations for the three-month periodthree months ended March 31, 201830, 2019 was $29.8$52.7 million, of which the principal components were our net income of $20.4$22.5 million, and non-cash charges of $13.1$18.9 million and changes in working capital. The change in working capital mainly includes a decrease in accounts receivable of $106.6 million, partially offset by a net increase in operating assets and liabilities of $3.7 million. The increase in net operating assets and liabilities includes a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $66.2 million primarily related to the timing of payments, an increase in other assets of $6.1$75.5 million and an increase in inventory of $4.2 million, partially offset by a decrease$16.9 million.
Cash used in accounts receivable of $73.6investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 30, 2019 was $5.6 million. As of March 31, 2018, we did not have any borrowings outstanding under our working capital line of credit and had $0.6 million in letters of credit outstanding under our revolving letter of credit facility.
During the three months ended March 31, 2018,30, 2019, we invested $8.7$6.0 million in the purchase of property and equipment, including machinery and tooling for new products. We also purchased $6.4In addition, we made strategic investments of $2.0 million, of marketable securities, while sales and maturities of marketable securities amounted to $3.5$2.4 million.
Cash used in financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities for the three months ended March 30, 2019 was $4.6 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2018,30, 2019, we received $0.4$2.6 million from the exercise ofemployee stock options. Shares issuedplans and paid $7.2 million upon vesting of restricted stock where 58,527 shares were net of 50,150 shares retained by us to cover employee tax withholdings of $3.5 million.withholdings.


Working Capital Facilities
Credit Facility
We have an unsecured revolving credit facilityIn June 2018, we entered into a new agreement with Bank of America, N.A., whichincreasing the amount of our unsecured revolving line of credit from $75.0 million to $150.0 million extending the term of the credit facilities to June 2023. As of March 30, 2019, we had no outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility. The revolving line of credit is available to fund working capital and other corporate purposes. As of March 31, 2018, the total amount of our credit facility was $75.0 million and the full amount was available for borrowing. The interest on loans under our credit facility accrues, at our election, at either (1) LIBOR plus a margin, currently equal to 1.0%, based on our ratio of indebtedness to Adjusted EBITDA (the "Eurodollar Rate"), or (2) the lender’s base rate. The lender’s base rate is equal to the highest of (1) the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, (2) the lender’s prime rate and (3) the Eurodollar Rate plus 1.0%. The credit facility will terminate and all amounts outstanding thereunder will be due and payable in full on December 20, 2018.
As of March 31, 2018, we had no outstanding borrowings under our revolving credit facility. This credit facility contains customary terms and conditions for credit facilities of this type, including restrictions on our ability to incur or guarantee


additional indebtedness, create liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, make loans or investments, sell assets, pay dividends or make distributions on, or repurchase, our stock, and consolidate or merge with other entities.
In addition, we are required to meet certain financial covenants customary with this type of agreement, including maintaining a maximum ratio of indebtedness to Adjusted EBITDA and a minimum specified interest coverage ratio.
This credit facility contains customary events of default, including for payment defaults, breaches of representations, breaches of affirmative or negative covenants, cross defaults to other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and failure to discharge certain judgments. If a default occurs and is not cured within any applicable cure period or is not waived, our obligations under the credit facility may be accelerated.
As of March 31, 2018,30, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants under the revolving credit facility.
Letter of Credit Facility
We have an unsecured revolving letter of credit facility with Bank of America, N.A. The credit facility is available to fund letters of credit on our behalf up to an aggregate outstanding amount of $5.0 million. We may terminate at any time, subject to proper notice, or from time to time permanently reduce the amount of the credit facility.
We pay a fee on outstanding letters of credit issued under the credit facility of up to 1.5% per annum of the outstanding letters of credit. The maturity date for letters of credit issued under the credit facility must be no later than 365 days following the maturity date of the credit facility.
As of March 31, 2018, we had letters of credit outstanding of $0.6 million under our revolving letter of credit facility. The credit facility contains customary terms and conditions for credit facilities of this type, including restrictions on our ability to incur or guaranty additional indebtedness, create liens, enter into transactions with affiliates, make loans or investments, sell assets, pay dividends or make distributions on, or repurchase, our stock, and consolidate or merge with other entities. In addition, we are required to meet certain financial covenants customary with this type of agreement, including maintaining a maximum ratio of indebtedness to Adjusted EBITDA and a minimum specified interest coverage ratio.
The credit facility also contains customary events of default, including for payment defaults, breaches of representations, breaches of affirmative or negative covenants, cross defaults to other material indebtedness, bankruptcy, and failure to discharge certain judgments. If a default occurs and is not cured within any applicable cure period or is not waived, the lender may accelerate the obligations under the credit facility.
As of March 31, 2018, we were in compliance with all covenants under the revolving letter of credit facility.
Working Capital and Capital Expenditure Needs
We currently have no material cash commitments, except for normal recurring trade payables, expense accruals, capital expenditures and operating leases, all of which we anticipate funding through working capital, funds provided by operating activities and our existing working capitalrevolving line of credit. We do not currently anticipate significant investment in property, plant and equipment, and we believe that our outsourced approach to manufacturing provides us with flexibility in both managing inventory levels and financing our inventory. We believe our existing cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, cash provided by operating activities, and funds available through our working capitalrevolving line of credit will be sufficient to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs over at least the next twelve months. In the event that our revenue plan does not meet our expectations, we may eliminate or curtail expenditures to mitigate the impact on our working capital. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including our rate of revenue growth, the expansion of our marketing and sales activities, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts, the timing of introductions of new products and enhancements to existing products, the acquisition of new capabilities or technologies, and the continuing market acceptance of our products and services. Moreover, to the extent that existing cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, cash from operations, and cash from short-term borrowing are insufficient to fund our future activities, we may need to raise additional funds through public or private equity or debt financing. As part of our business strategy, we may consider additional acquisitions of companies, technologies and products, which could also require us to seek additional equity or debt financing. Additional funds may not be available on terms favorable to us or at all.
Contractual Obligations
We generally do not enter into binding purchase commitments.The disclosure of our contractual obligations and commitments is set forth under the heading "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Contractual Obligations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 29, 2018. Our principal commitments generally consist of obligations under our working capital line of credit facility, leases for office space and minimum purchase commitments for services such as cloud support and other non-cancelable contractual obligations for materials. Othersubscription software services. There have been no material changes in our contractual obligations primarily consist of software licensing arrangements.and commitments since December 29, 2018.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
As of March 31, 2018,30, 2019, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements as defined in Item 303(a)(4) of Regulation S-K.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recently adopted accounting pronouncements.


Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements.


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk
Interest Rate Sensitivity
At March 31, 2018, we had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $144.5 million and short-term investments of $40.0 million. The unrestricted cash and cash equivalents are held for working capital purposes. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. Some of the securities in which we invest, however, may be subject to market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the fair market value of the investment to fluctuate. To minimize this risk in the future, we intend to maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents in a variety of securities, commercial paper, money market funds, debt securities and certificates of deposit. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we believe that we do not have any material exposure to changes in the fair value of our investment portfolio as a result of changes in interest rates. As of March 31, 2018, all of our cash and cash equivalents were held in demand deposits and money market accounts.
Our exposure to market risk also relates to the increase or decrease in the amount of interest expense we must pay on any outstanding debt instruments, primarily certain borrowings under our working capital line of credit. The advances under the working capital line of credit bear a variable rate of interest determined at the time of the borrowing. At March 31, 2018, we had letters of credit outstanding of $0.6 million under our revolving letter of credit facility.
Exchange Rate Sensitivity
Our international revenue and expenses are denominated in multiple currencies, including Japanese Yen, Canadian Dollars, Chinese Yuan RenmimbiRenminbi and Euros. As such, we have exposure to adverse changes in exchange rates associated with the revenue and operating expenses of our foreign operations. Any fluctuations in other currencies will have minimal direct impact on our international revenue.
In addition to international business conducted in foreign currencies, we have a significant amount of international revenue denominated in U.S. Dollars.dollars. As the U.S. dollar strengthens or weakens against other currencies, our international distributors may be impacted, which could affect their profitability and our ability to maintain current pricing levels on our international consumer products.
We regularly monitor the forecast of non-U.S. dollar revenue and expenses and the level of non-U.S. dollar monetary asset and liability balances to determine if any actions, including possibly entering into foreign currency forward contracts or swaps, should be taken to minimize the impact of fluctuating exchange rates on our results of operations. Periodically, we enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge against foreign currency fluctuations. These contracts may or may not be designated as cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. We use cash flow hedges primarily to reduce the effects of foreign exchange rate changes on purchasesales primarily in Japanese Yen and sales.Euros. At March 31, 201830, 2019 and December 30, 2017,29, 2018, we had outstanding cash flow hedges with a total notional value of $67.4$379.6 million and $73.7$366.7 million, respectively.
We also enter into economic hedges that are not designated as hedges from an accounting standpoint to reduce or eliminate the effects of foreign exchange rate changes typically related to short term trade receivables and payables. These contracts have maturities of twoten months or less. At March 31, 201830, 2019 and December 30, 2017,29, 2018, we had outstanding economic hedges with a total notional value of $30.6$30.3 million and $36.6$56.0 million, respectively.
A hypothetical changeAt March 30, 2019, assuming all other variables are constant, if the U.S. Dollar weakened or strengthened by 10%, the fair market value of 10% in exchange ratesour foreign currency contracts would not have a material impact on our financial results.increase or decrease by approximately $40.8 million.



Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report were effective at a reasonable assurance level in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms; and (ii) accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely discussions regarding required disclosure. We believe that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Part II. Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
From time to time and in the ordinary course of business, we are subject to various claims, charges and litigation. The outcome of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty and some lawsuits, claims or proceedings may be disposed of unfavorably to us, which could materially affect our financial condition or results of operations.
Item 1A. Risk Factors

We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves a number of risks that could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results, some of which are beyond our control. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, the risks and uncertainties that we believe are most important for you to consider are discussed in Part I, "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2017,29, 2018, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us, which we currently deem immaterial or which are similar to those faced by other companies in our industry or business in general, may


also impair our business operations. There are no material changes to the Risk Factors described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2017,29, 2018, other than updates regarding the tariff increase delay as set forth in the following:

Risks related to actionsSignificant developments from the recent and potential changes in U.S. trade policies could have a material adverse effect on trade by the U.S. and foreign governments.us.

The U.S. government has indicated its intent to alter its approach to international trade policy and in some cases to renegotiate, or potentially terminate, certain existing bilateral or multi-lateral trade agreements and treaties with foreign countries. In addition,Effective September 24, 2018, the U.S. government has initiated or is considering imposing tariffsimplemented a 10% tariff on certain foreign goods. It remains unclear whatgoods imported from China, which include the U.S. Administration or foreign governments will or will not do with respectmajority of those imported by the Company. These tariffs were scheduled to increase to 25% on March 2, 2019; however, this scheduled rate increase has been delayed indefinitely. These tariffs, international trade agreements and policies. A trade war or other governmental action relatedrelating to tariffs or international trade agreements or policies, has the potential tomay adversely impact demand for our products, our costs, customers, suppliers and/or the U.S. economy or certain sectors thereof and, thus,as a result, adversely impact our business. The implemented and any increased tariffs may cause us to increase prices to our customers which may reduce demand, or, if we are unable to increase prices, result in lowering our margin on products sold. It remains unclear what the U.S. or foreign governments will or will not do with respect to tariffs, international trade agreements and policies on a short-term or long-term basis. We cannot predict future trade policy or the terms of any renegotiated trade agreements and their impacts on our business. The adoption and expansion of trade restrictions, the occurrence of a trade war, or other governmental action related to tariffs or trade agreements or policies has the potential to adversely impact demand for our business.products, our costs, our customers, our suppliers, and the U.S. economy, which in turn could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.


Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
The following is a summary of our repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2018:
 Total number of Shares Purchased (1)Average Price Paid per ShareTotal Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (2)Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
Fiscal month beginning December 31, 2017 and ended January 27, 2018
$

$
Fiscal month beginning January 28, 2018 and ended February 24, 2018

���

Fiscal month beginning February 25, 2018 and ended March 31, 201830,000
64.32
30,000
48,069,943
Total30,000
$64.32
30,000
$48,069,943
 __________________________
(1)Consists of shares of our common stock. All repurchases were made in open market transactions and pursuant to our previously-announced stock repurchase program as further discussed below.
(2)On February 27, 2018, our board of directors approved a stock repurchase program authorizing up to $50.0 million in share repurchases. This share repurchase program commenced on March 28, 2018 with an expiration date on December 28, 2018.

Item 5. Other Information

Our policy governing transactions in our securities by our directors, officers, and employees permits our officers, directors, funds affiliated with our directors, and certain other persons to enter into trading plans complying with Rule 10b5-l under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We have been advised that certain of our officers and directors (including Colin Angle, CEO,Chief Executive Officer, Russell J. Campanello, EVP, Human Resources &and Corporate Communications, Alison Dean, CFO, Deborah Ellinger, Director, Andrew Miller, Director, andChristian Cerda, Chief Operating Officer, Glen Weinstein, EVP & Chief Legal Officer)Officer, as well as Mohamad Ali, Deborah Ellinger, Andrew Miller and Michelle Stacy, each a director of the Company) have entered into trading plans (each a "Plan" and collectively, the "Plans") covering periods after the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 and our policy governing transactions in our securities. Generally, under these trading plans, the individual relinquishes control over the transactions once the trading plan is put into place. Accordingly, sales under these plans may occur at any time, including possibly before, simultaneously with, or immediately after significant events involving our company.
We anticipate that, as permitted by Rule 10b5-l and our policy governing transactions in our securities, some or all of our officers, directors and employees may establish trading plans in the future. We intend to disclose the names of our executive officers and directors who establish a trading plan in compliance with Rule 10b5-l10b5-1 and the requirements of our policy governing transactions in our securities in our future quarterly and annual reports on Form 10-Q and 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We however, undertake no obligation to update or revise the information provided herein.




Item 6. Exhibits
 
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number
 Description
Senior Executive Compensation Plan as Amended and Restated
   
 Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
   
 Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
   
 Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
   
101* The following materials from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 201830, 2019 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) related notes to these financial statements
 __________________________
*Filed herewith
**Furnished herewith




SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 iROBOT CORPORATION
   
Date: May 4, 20182, 2019By:/s/ Alison Dean
  Alison Dean
  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

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