Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
   
FORM 10-Q
   
 
(Mark One)
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017
OR
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to             
Commission file number: 001-31719
   
 
molinalogo2016a18.jpg
MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
   
 
Delaware 13-4204626
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
  
200 Oceangate, Suite 100
Long Beach, California
 90802
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(562) 435-3666
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
   
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large“large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer"” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "smaller reporting company"“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerýAccelerated filer¨
    
Non-accelerated filer
¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company¨
Emerging growth company¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section13(a) of the Exchange Act.
¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). 
Yes  ¨ No  ý
The number of shares of the issuer’s Common Stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding as of October 21, 2016,July 28, 2017, was approximately 56,821,000.57,118,000.

MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
Form FORM 10-Q

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED June 30, 2017
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 Page
Item 1.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.
Item 3.
Item 4.
Item 5.
Item 6.

PART I. CROSS-REFERENCE INDEX
ITEM NUMBERPage
   
PART I - Financial Information 
   
1.
   
2.
   
3.

   
4.
   
Part II - Other Information
 
   
1.
   
1A.
   
2.
   
3.Defaults Upon Senior SecuritiesNot Applicable.
   
4.Mine Safety DisclosuresNot Applicable.
   
5.Other InformationNot Applicable.
   
6.
   
 
   
   


FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.Financial StatementsSTATEMENTS
MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETSSTATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 
(Amounts in millions,
except per-share data)
 (Unaudited)  
ASSETS
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$2,842
 $2,329
Investments1,735
 1,801
Receivables1,053
 597
Income taxes refundable
 13
Prepaid expenses and other current assets169
 192
Derivative asset314
 374
Total current assets6,113
 5,306
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net450
 393
Deferred contract costs83
 81
Intangible assets, net149
 122
Goodwill619
 519
Restricted investments116
 109
Deferred income taxes
 18
Other assets40
 28
 $7,570
 $6,576
    
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:   
Medical claims and benefits payable$1,871
 $1,685
Amounts due government agencies1,232
 729
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities383
 362
Deferred revenue380
 223
Income taxes payable19
 
Current portion of long-term debt466
 449
Derivative liability314
 374
Total current liabilities4,665
 3,822
Senior notes971
 962
Lease financing obligations198
 198
Deferred income taxes6
 
Other long-term liabilities39
 37
Total liabilities5,879
 5,019
    
Stockholders’ equity:   
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 150 shares authorized; outstanding: 57 shares at September 30, 2016 and 56 shares at December 31, 2015
 
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 20 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
 
Additional paid-in capital831
 803
Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss)3
 (4)
Retained earnings857
 758
Total stockholders' equity1,691
 1,557
 $7,570
 $6,576
See accompanying notes.

MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 
(In millions, except per-share data)
(Unaudited)
Revenue:       
Premium revenue$4,740
 $4,029
 $9,388
 $8,024
Service revenue129
 135
 260
 275
Premium tax revenue114
 109
 225
 218
Health insurer fee revenue
 76
 
 166
Investment income and other revenue16
 10
 30
 19
Total revenue4,999
 4,359
 9,903
 8,702
Operating expenses:       
Medical care costs4,491
 3,594
 8,602
 7,182
Cost of service revenue124
 116
 246
 243
General and administrative expenses405
 351
 844
 691
Premium tax expenses114
 109
 225
 218
Health insurer fee expenses
 50
 
 108
Depreciation and amortization37
 34
 76
 66
Impairment losses72
 
 72
 
Restructuring and separation costs43
 
 43
 
Total operating expenses5,286
 4,254
 10,108
 8,508
Operating (loss) income(287) 105
 (205) 194
Other expenses (income), net:       
Interest expense27
 25
 53
 50
Other income, net
 
 (75) 
Total other expenses (income), net27
 25
 (22) 50
(Loss) income before income tax (benefit) expense(314) 80
 (183) 144
Income tax (benefit) expense(84) 47
 (30) 87
Net (loss) income$(230) $33
 $(153) $57
        
Net (loss) income per share:       
Basic$(4.10) $0.58
 $(2.74) $1.02
Diluted$(4.10) $0.58
 $(2.74) $1.01
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
 
(In millions, except per-share data)
(Unaudited)
Revenue:       
Premium revenue$4,191
 $3,377
 $12,215
 $9,652
Service revenue133
 47
 408
 146
Premium tax revenue127
 99
 345
 289
Health insurer fee revenue85
 81
 251
 203
Investment income9
 5
 25
 12
Other revenue1
 2
 4
 5
Total revenue4,546
 3,611
 13,248
 10,307
Operating expenses:       
Medical care costs3,748
 3,016
 10,930
 8,581
Cost of service revenue119
 34
 362
 103
General and administrative expenses343
 287
 1,034
 830
Premium tax expenses127
 99
 345
 289
Health insurer fee expenses55
 36
 163
 117
Depreciation and amortization36
 26
 102
 76
Total operating expenses4,428
 3,498
 12,936
 9,996
Operating income118
 113
 312
 311
Interest expense26
 15
 76
 45
Income before income tax expense92
 98
 236
 266
Income tax expense50
 52
 137
 153
Net income$42
 $46
 $99
 $113
        
Net income per share:       
Basic$0.77
 $0.84
 $1.79
 $2.21
Diluted$0.76
 $0.77
 $1.77
 $2.07
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)
Net (loss) income$(230) $33
 $(153) $57
Other comprehensive income:       
Unrealized investment gain
 4
 1
 13
Less: effect of income taxes
 2
 
 5
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
 2
 1
 8
Comprehensive (loss) income$(230) $35
 $(152) $65
See accompanying notes.

MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOMEBALANCE SHEETS
 June 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 
(Amounts in millions,
except per-share data)
 (Unaudited)  
ASSETS
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$2,979
 $2,819
Investments2,192
 1,758
Restricted investments325
 
Receivables1,006
 974
Income taxes refundable68
 39
Prepaid expenses and other current assets159
 131
Derivative asset440
 267
Total current assets7,169
 5,988
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net449
 454
Deferred contract costs93
 86
Intangible assets, net112
 140
Goodwill559
 620
Restricted investments118
 110
Deferred income taxes36
 10
Other assets47
 41
 $8,583
 $7,449
    
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:   
Medical claims and benefits payable$2,077
 $1,929
Amounts due government agencies1,844
 1,202
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities375
 385
Deferred revenue284
 315
Current portion of long-term debt773
 472
Derivative liability440
 267
Total current liabilities5,793
 4,570
Senior notes1,017
 975
Lease financing obligations198
 198
Deferred income taxes
 15
Other long-term liabilities54
 42
Total liabilities7,062
 5,800
    
Stockholders’ equity:   
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 150 shares authorized; outstanding: 57 shares at June 30, 2017 and at December 31, 2016
 
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 20 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
 
Additional paid-in capital865
 841
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(1) (2)
Retained earnings657
 810
Total stockholders’ equity1,521
 1,649
 $8,583
 $7,449
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
 
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)
Net income$42
 $46
 $99
 $113
Other comprehensive (loss) income:       
Unrealized investment (loss) gain(3) 2
 10
 1
Less: effect of income taxes(2) 
 3
 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax(1) 2
 7
 1
Comprehensive income$41
 $48
 $106
 $114

See accompanying notes.


MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Nine Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2016 20152017 2016
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)
Operating activities:      
Net income$99
 $113
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Net (loss) income$(153) $57
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization135
 93
96
 89
Impairment losses72
 
Deferred income taxes20
 (12)(41) 39
Share-based compensation24
 16
Share-based compensation, including accelerated share-based compensation35
 16
Amortization of convertible senior notes and lease financing obligations23
 22
16
 15
Other, net14
 13
7
 11
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Receivables(427) (23)(32) (415)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(116) (63)(38) (143)
Medical claims and benefits payable168
 359
148
 82
Amounts due government agencies503
 453
642
 509
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities1
 34
(18) 147
Deferred revenue157
 (129)(32) (119)
Income taxes32
 30
(30) (10)
Net cash provided by operating activities633
 906
672
 278
Investing activities:      
Purchases of investments(1,444) (1,311)(1,636) (974)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments1,512
 863
874
 812
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software(143) (101)(60) (102)
Change in restricted investments4
 (5)
(Increase) decrease in restricted investments held-to-maturity(10) 5
Net cash paid in business combinations(48) (77)
 (8)
Other, net(12) (34)(13) (6)
Net cash used in investing activities(131) (665)(845) (273)
Financing activities:      
Proceeds from common stock offering, net of issuance costs
 373
Proceeds from senior notes offering, net of issuance costs325
 
Proceeds from employee stock plans10
 8
11
 10
Other, net1
 3
(3) 1
Net cash provided by financing activities11
 384
333
 11
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents513
 625
160
 16
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period2,329
 1,539
2,819
 2,329
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$2,842
 $2,164
$2,979
 $2,345

MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(continued)
Nine Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2016 20152017 2016
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)
(Amounts in millions)
(Unaudited)
Supplemental cash flow information:      
      
Schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:      
Common stock used for share-based compensation$(8) $(9)$(21) $(7)
      
Details of change in fair value of derivatives, net:      
(Loss) gain on 1.125% Call Option$(60) $161
Gain (loss) on 1.125% Conversion Option60
 (161)
Gain (loss) on 1.125% Call Option$173
 $(148)
(Loss) gain on 1.125% Conversion Option(173) 148
Change in fair value of derivatives, net$
 $
$
 $
      
Details of business combinations:      
Fair value of assets acquired$(186) $(69)$
 $(131)
Fair value of liabilities assumed28
 
Purchase price amounts accrued/received (paid)8
 (8)
Purchase price amounts accrued/received
 21
Reversal of amounts advanced to sellers in prior year102
 

 102
Net cash paid in business combinations$(48) $(77)$
 $(8)
See accompanying notes.


MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited) (UNAUDITED)
SeptemberJune 30, 20162017

1. Basis of Presentation
Organization and Operations
Molina Healthcare, Inc. provides quality managed health care to people receiving government assistance. We offer cost-effective Medicaid-related solutions to meet the health care needs of low-income families and individuals, and to assist government agencies in their administration of the Medicaid program. We have three reportable segments. These segments includeconsist of our Health Plans segment, which comprisesconstitutes the vast majority of our operations; our Molina Medicaid Solutions segment; and our Other segment, which includes our behavioral health and social services subsidiary, Pathways. As of December 31, 2015, we changed our reporting structure as a result of the Pathways acquisition in November 2015. All prior periods reported conform to this presentation.segment.
The Health Plans segment consists of health plans operating in 12 states and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and includes our direct delivery business. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, these health plans served 4.2 approximately 4.7 million members eligible for Medicaid, Medicare, and other government-sponsored health care programs for low-income families and individuals. This membership includes Health InsuranceAffordable Care Act Marketplace (Marketplace) members, most of whom receive government premium subsidies. The health plans are operated by our respective wholly owned subsidiaries in those states, each of which is licensed as a health maintenance organization (HMO). Our direct delivery business consists primarily of the operation of primary care clinics in several states in which we operate.
Our health plans’ state Medicaid contracts generally have terms of three to four years. These contracts typically contain renewal options exercisable by the state Medicaid agency, and allow either the state or the health plan to terminate the contract with or without cause. Our health plan subsidiaries have generally been successful in retaining their contracts, but such contracts are subject to risk of loss when a state issues a new request for proposal (RFP) open to competitive bidding by other health plans. If one of our health plans is not a successful responsive bidder to a state RFP, its contract may be subject to non-renewal.
In addition to contract renewal, our state Medicaid contracts may be periodically amended to include or exclude certain health benefits (such as pharmacy services, behavioral health services, or long-term care services); populations such as the aged, blind or disabled (ABD); and regions or service areas.
The Molina Medicaid Solutions segment provides support to state government agencies in the administration of their Medicaid programs, including business processing, information technology development and administrative services. Molina Medicaid Solutions is under contract with the Medicaid agencies in Idaho, Louisiana, Maine, New Jersey, West Virginia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and drug rebate administration services in Florida.
The Other segment includes businesses, such asprimarily our Pathways behavioral health and social services provider, which do not meet the quantitative thresholds for a reportable segment as defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), as well asand corporate amounts not allocated to other reportable segments.
Market Updates -Restructuring Plan
We recorded $43 million in restructuring and separation costs in the second quarter of 2017 related primarily to contractually required termination benefits paid to our former chief executive officer (CEO) and chief financial officer (CFO). Also included in these costs are consulting fees incurred for the development and implementation of our corporate restructuring initiatives. See Note 11, “Restructuring and Separation Costs.”
Recent Developments — Health Plans Segment
Proposed acquisition.Direct Delivery. On August 2, 2017, we announced plans to restructure our direct delivery operations.
Mississippi Health Plan. In June 2017, Molina Healthcare of Mississippi, Inc. was awarded a Medicaid Coordinated Care Contract for the statewide administration of the Mississippi Coordinated Access Network (MississippiCAN). The contract begins July 1, 2017, for three years with options to renew annually for up to two additional years. The operational start date for the program is currently scheduled for July 1, 2018, pending the completion of a readiness review.
Washington Health Plan. In May 2017, Molina Healthcare of Washington, Inc. was selected by the Washington State Health Care Authority to negotiate and enter into managed care contracts for the North Central region of the state’s Apple Health Integrated Managed Care Program. The start date for the new contract is scheduled for January 1, 2018.

Terminated Medicare Acquisition. In August 2016, we entered into substantially identical agreements with each of Aetna Inc. and Humana Inc. to acquire certain ofassets related to their Medicare Advantage membership and other assets relatedbusiness. The transaction was subject to such Medicare Advantage business (the Medicare Acquisition) for cash. The Medicare Acquisition is related to Aetna Inc.'sclosing conditions including the completion of the proposed acquisition of Humana Inc.by Aetna (the Aetna-Humana Merger). We expectIn January 2017, the Medicare Acquisition to close in 2017 subject toU.S. District Court for the following:
CompletionDistrict of Columbia granted the Aetna-Humana Merger;
Resolution, in a manner permitting the Medicare Acquisition, of the pending litigation broughtrequest for relief made by the United StatesU.S. Department of Justice challengingin its civil antitrust lawsuit against Aetna and Humana, to prohibit the Aetna-Humana Merger;
ApprovalMerger. In February 2017, our agreements with each of Aetna and Humana were terminated by the federal Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)parties pursuant to the terms of the novation to usagreements. Under the termination agreements, we received an aggregate termination fee of each$75 million from Aetna and Humana in the first quarter of the contracts to be divested under the Medicare Acquisition; and
Customary closing conditions, including approvals of state departments of insurance and other regulators.
Completed acquisitions. For all of the following transactions, see Note 4, "Business Combinations," for further information.
Illinois. On January 1, 2016, our Illinois health plan closed on its acquisitions of the Medicaid membership, and certain assets related to the Medicaid business of, Accountable Care Chicago, LLC, also known as MyCare Chicago, and Loyola Physician Partners, LLC.
On March 1, 2016, our Illinois health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid membership, and certain assets related to the Medicaid business, of Better Health Network, LLC.
Michigan. On January 1, 2016, our Michigan health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid and MIChild membership, and certain Medicaid and MIChild assets, of HAP Midwest Health Plan, Inc.2017, which is reported in “Other income, net.” 
New York. York Health Plan.On In August 1, 2016, we closed on our acquisition to acquire allof the outstanding equity interests of Today'sToday’s Options of New York, Inc., which now operates as Molina Healthcare of New York, Inc. The purchase price allocation was completed, and the Total Care Medicaid plan.final purchase price adjustments were recorded, in the first quarter of 2017. Such adjustments were insignificant, and the final purchase price was $38 million.

Recent Developments — Other Segment
Washington.Pathways subsidiary. On January 1, 2016,In the second quarter of 2017, we recorded non-cash goodwill and intangible assets impairment losses of $72 million, related primarily to our Washington health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid contracts, and certain assets related to the operation of the Medicaid business, of Columbia United Providers, Inc.Pathways subsidiary. See Note 10, “Impairment Losses.”
Consolidation and Interim Financial Information
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Molina Healthcare, Inc., its subsidiaries, and variable interest entities (VIEs) in which Molina Healthcare, Inc. is considered to be the primary beneficiary. Such VIEs are insignificant to our consolidated financial position and results of operations. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of the results as of the date and for the interim periods presented have been included; such adjustments consist of normal recurring adjustments. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The consolidated results of operations for the current interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year ending December 31, 2016.2017.
The unaudited consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared under the assumption that users of the interim financial data have either read or have access to our audited consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015.2016. Accordingly, certain disclosures that would substantially duplicate the disclosures contained in the December 31, 20152016 audited consolidated financial statements have been omitted. These unaudited consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with our December 31, 20152016 audited consolidated financial statements.

2.Significant Accounting Policies
Certain of our significant accounting policies are discussed within the note to which they specifically relate.
Revenue Recognition – Health Plans Segment
Premium revenue is fixed in advance of the periods covered and, except as described below, is not generally subject to significant accounting estimates. Premium revenues are recognized in the month that members are entitled to receive health care services, and premiums collected in advance are deferred. Certain components of premium revenue are subject to accounting estimates and fall into the following categories:two broad categories discussed in further detail below: 1) “Contractual Provisions That May Adjust or Limit Revenue or Profit;” and 2) “Quality Incentives.”
Contractual Provisions That May Adjust or Limit Revenue or Profit
Medicaid
Medical Cost Floors (Minimums), and Medical Cost Corridors, and Administrative Cost Ceilings (Maximums):Corridors: A portion of our premium revenue may be returned if certain minimum amounts are not spent on defined medical care costs. In the aggregate, we recorded a liability under the terms of such contract provisions of $323$136 million and $214$272 million at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, respectively, to amounts“Amounts due government agencies. Approximately $298$114 million and $208$244 million of the liability accrued at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, respectively, relates to our participation in Medicaid Expansion programs.
In certain circumstances, theour health plans may receive additional premiums if amounts spent on medical care costs exceed a defined maximum threshold. We recorded receivables of $1 million and $3 millionReceivables relating to such provisions were insignificant at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015, respectively, relating to such provisions.2016.

Profit Sharing and Profit Ceiling: Our contracts with certain states contain profit-sharing or profit ceiling provisions under which we refund amounts to the states if our health plans generate profit above a certain specified percentage. In some cases, we are limited in the amount of administrative costs that we may deduct in calculating the refund, if any. Under these provisions, we recorded a liability of $9 million and $10 million at September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively,Liabilities for profitprofits in excess of the amount we are allowed to retain.retain under these provisions were insignificant at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Retroactive Premium Adjustments: The stateState Medicaid programs periodically adjust premium rates on a retroactive basis. In these cases, we must adjust our premium revenue in the period in which we learn of the adjustment, rather than in the months of service to which the retroactive adjustment applies. In the first quarter of 2016, our Florida health plan recorded a retroactive increase to Medicaid premium revenue of approximately $18 million relating to dates of service prior to 2016.
Cost Plus Retroactive Premium Adjustments: In New Mexico, when members are retroactively enrolled into our health plan, we earn revenue only to the extent of the actual medical costs incurred by us for services provided during those retroactive periods, plus a small percentage of that medical cost for administration and profit. This arrangement first became effective July 1, 2014 (retroactive to January 1, 2014). We are paid normal monthly capitation rates for the retroactive eligibility periods, and the difference between those capitation rates and the amounts due to us on a cost plus basis are periodically settled with the state. To date, no such settlement has been made. During the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2015, our New Mexico contract was not specific as to the definition of retroactive membership, and the amount we owe the state (or that the state owes us) for the difference between capitation received and amounts due to us under the cost plus arrangement during those periods varies widely depending upon the definition of retroactive membership. Although we believe that the amount we have recorded as a

liability for this matter is consistent with the state’s expectations, we cannot be certain that the state will not seek to recover an amount in excess of our recorded liability.
Medicare
Risk Adjustment: Our Medicare premiums are subject to retroactive increase or decrease based on the health status of our Medicare members (as measured by(measured as a member risk score). We estimate our members'members’ risk scores and the related amount of Medicare revenue that will ultimately be realized for the periods presented based on our knowledge of our members’ health status, risk scores and CMSCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) practices. Based on our estimates, we have recorded a net payable of $17 million and $4 million forConsolidated balance sheet amounts related to anticipated Medicare risk adjustment premiums and Medicare Part D settlements were insignificant at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015, respectively.2016.
Minimum MLR: Additionally, federal regulations have established a minimum annual medical loss ratio (Minimum MLR) of 85% for Medicare. The medical loss ratio represents medical costs as a percentage of premium revenue. Federal regulations define what constitutes medical costs and premium revenue. If the Minimum MLR is not met, we may be required to pay rebates to the federal government. We recognize estimated rebates under the Minimum MLR as an adjustment to premium revenue in our consolidated statements of operations.
Marketplace
Premium Stabilization Programs: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) established Marketplace premium stabilization programs effective January 1, 2014. These programs, commonly referred to as the "3R's,"“3R’s,” include a permanent risk adjustment program, a transitional reinsurance program, and a temporary risk corridor program. We record receivables or payables related to the 3R programs and the minimum annual medical loss ratio (Minimum MLR)Minimum MLR when the amounts are reasonably estimable as described below, and, for receivables, when collection is reasonably assured. Our receivables (payables) for each of these programs, as of the dates indicated, were as follows:
June 30, 2017 December 31,
2016
September 30, 2016 December 31,
2015
Current Benefit Year Prior Benefit Years Total 
Current Benefit Year Prior Benefit Years Total        
(In millions)(In millions)
Risk adjustment$(372) $2
 $(370) $(214)$(502) $(546) $(1,048) $(522)
Reinsurance62
 4
 66
 36

 57
 57
 55
Risk corridor(4) (1) (5) (10)
 (1) (1) (1)
Minimum MLR(11) (4) (15) (3)(3) (2) (5) (1)
Risk adjustment: Under this permanent program, our health plans'plans’ composite risk scores are compared with the overall average risk score for the relevant state and market pool. Generally, our health plans will make a risk transfer payment into the pool if their composite risk scores are below the average risk score, and will receive a risk transfer payment from the pool if their composite risk scores are above the average risk score. We estimate our ultimate premium based on insurance policy year-to-date experience, and recognize estimated premiums relating to the risk adjustment program as an adjustment to premium revenue in our consolidated statements of income. On June 30, 2016, CMS released the final update on risk transfer and reinsurance payments for the 2015 benefit year, and we adjusted our accruals accordingly.operations.
Reinsurance: This program iswas designed to provide reimbursement to insurers for high cost members. Our health plans pay an annual contribution on a per-member basis,members and are eligible for recoveries if claims for individual members exceed a specified threshold, up to a maximum amount. This three-year program will end onended December 31, 2016. We recognize2016; we expect to settle the assessments to fund the transitional reinsurance program as a reduction to premium revenueoutstanding receivable balance in our consolidated statements of income. We recognize recoveries under the reinsurance program as a reduction to medical care costs in our consolidated statements of income.2017.
Risk corridor: This program iswas intended to limit gains and losses of insurers by comparing allowable costs to a target amount as defined by CMS. Variances from the target amount exceeding certain thresholds may result in amounts due to or receivables due from CMS. This three-year program will end onCMS, and ended December 31, 2016. Due2016; we expect to uncertainties as tosettle the amount of federal funding available to support the risk corridor program, we do not recognize amounts receivable under this program. Our estimate of the unrecorded receivable for the Marketplace risk corridor amounted to approximately $80 million as of September 30, 2016. Of this total amount, $52 million relates to the 2015 benefit year and $28 million relates to the nine months ended September 30, 2016. All liabilities are recognized as incurred. We estimate our ultimate premium based on insurance policy year-to-date experience, and recognize estimated premiums relating to the risk corridor program as an adjustment to premium revenueoutstanding payable balance in our consolidated statements of income.2017.
Additionally, the ACA established a Minimum MLR of 80% for the Marketplace. The medical loss ratio represents medical costs as a percentage of premium revenue. WhatFederal regulations define what constitutes medical costs and premium revenue are specifically defined by federal regulations.revenue. If the Minimum MLR is not met, we may be required to pay rebates to our Marketplace policyholders. Each of the 3R programs is taken into consideration when computing the Minimum MLR. We

recognize estimated rebates under the Minimum MLR as an adjustment to premium revenue in our consolidated statements of income.operations.

Quality Incentives
At several of our health plans, revenue ranging from approximately 1% to 3% of certain health plan premiums is earned only if certain performance measures are met.
During the second quarter of 2016, we were informed by the Texas Department of Health and Human Services that it will not recoup any quality revenue for calendar years 2014, 2015, and 2016. Therefore, we recognized previously deferred quality revenue amounting to approximately $51 million in the second quarter of 2016. Of the $51 million total adjustment, $44 million related to 2015 and 2014 dates of service, and $7 million related to the first quarter of 2016.
The following table quantifies the quality incentive premium revenue recognized for the periods presented, including the amounts earned in the periods presented and prior periods. Although the reasonably possible effects of a change in estimate related to quality incentive premium revenue as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 are not known, we have no reason to believe that the adjustments to prior periodsyears noted below are not indicative of the potential future changes in our estimates as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016, other than the Texas quality revenue recognized in the second quarter of 2016 described above.2017.
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016 2017 2016
(In millions)(Dollars in millions)
Maximum available quality incentive premium - current period$33
 $28
 $114
 $86
$39
 $41
 $77
 $81
Amount of quality incentive premium revenue recognized in current period:       
Quality incentive premium revenue recognized in current period:       
Earned current period$26
 $17
 $80
 $38
$29
 $36
 $48
 $54
Earned prior periods
 
 54
 11
1
 49
 6
 54
Total$26
 $17
 $134
 49
$30
 $85
 $54
 108
              
Quality incentive premium revenue recognized as a percentage of total premium revenue0.6% 0.5% 1.1% 0.5%0.6% 2.1% 0.6% 1.3%
Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is generally greater thandiffers from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily because of state taxes, nondeductible expenses such as the Health Insurer Fee (HIF), goodwill impairment, certain compensation, and other general and administrative expenses. The effective tax rate was not impacted by HIF in 2017 given the 2017 HIF moratorium.
The effective tax rate may be subject to fluctuations during the year, particularly as a result of the level of pretax earnings, and also as new information is obtained. Such information may affect the assumptions used to estimate the annual effective tax rate, including factors such as the mix of pretax earnings in the various tax jurisdictions in which we operate, valuation allowances against deferred tax assets, the recognition or the reversal of the recognition of tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions, and changes in or the interpretation of tax laws in jurisdictions where we conduct business. For example, in the third quarter of 2016 we entered into an agreement with the seller in the Pathways acquisition to change the allocation of the purchase price across certain legal entities, allowing us to recognize a $4 million tax benefit. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities, along with net operating loss and tax credit carryovers.
Premium Deficiency Reserves on Loss Contracts
We assess the profitability of our medical care policies to identify groups of contracts where current operating results or forecasts indicate probable future losses. If anticipated future variable costs exceed anticipated future premiums and investment income, a premium deficiency reserve is recognized. We recorded a premium deficiency reserve to “Medical claims and benefits payable” on our accompanying consolidated balance sheets relating to our Marketplace program of $30 million as of December 31, 2016, which increased to $100 million as of June 30, 2017.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Statement of Cash Flows.Goodwill Impairment. In August 2016,January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-15,2017-04, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash PaymentsSimplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which amends Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 230eliminates the requirement to add or clarifycalculate the implied fair value of goodwill to measure a goodwill impairment loss. Instead, an impairment loss is measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill, over the fair value of the reporting unit. ASU 2017-04 is effective beginning January 1, 2020; we have early adopted ASU 2017-04 as of June 30, 2017, in connection with the assessment of our Pathways subsidiary. See further discussion at Note 10, “Impairment Losses.”
Restricted Cash. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Restricted Cash, which will require us to include in our consolidated statements of cash flows the balances of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and

restricted cash equivalents. When these items are presented in more than one line item on the balance sheet, the new guidance on eight classification issues related torequires a reconciliation of the totals in the statement of cash flows such as debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs,to the related captions in the balance sheet. Transfers between cash and contingent consideration payments made after a business combination.cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents will no longer be presented in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-152016-18 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and must be adopted using a retrospective transition method to each period presented but may be applied prospectively if retrospective application would be impracticable. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We are evaluating the potential effects of the adoption to our financial statements.
Revenue Recognition. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The amendments, which address transition, collectibility, non-cash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes, do not change the core principles of ASU 2014-09, but rather address implementation issues and are intended to result in

more consistent application. We intend to adopt this standard on January 1, 2018. We are evaluating the potential effects of the adoption to our financial statements.
In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, which amends certain aspects of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2016-10 amends step two of the new revenue standard’s five-step model to include guidance on immaterial promised goods or services, shipping and handling activities and identifying when promises represent performance obligations. ASU 2016-10 also provides guidance related to licensing such as, but not limited to, sales-based and usage-based royalties and renewals of licenses that provide a right to use intellectual property. We intend to adopt this standard on January 1, 2018. We are evaluating the potential effects of the adoption to our financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Principal vs. Agent Considerations, which amends the principal–versus–agent implementation guidance in ASC 606. ASU 2016-08 clarifies that an entity should evaluate whether it is the principal or agent for each specified good or service promised in a contract with a customer as defined in ASC 606. The entity must first identify each specified good or service to be provided to the customer and then assess whether it controls each specified good or service. The ASU also removed two of the five indicators used in evaluating control under the old guidance and reframes the remaining three indicators. We intend to adopt this standard on January 1, 2018. We are evaluating the potential effects of the adoption to our financial statements.
Credit Losses. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes how companies measure credit losses on most financial instruments measured at amortized cost, such as loans, receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities. Rather than generally recognizing credit losses when it is probable that the loss has been incurred, the revised guidance requires companies to recognize an allowance for credit losses for the difference between the amortized cost basis of a financial instrument and the amount of amortized cost that the company expects to collect over the instrument's contractual life. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and must be adopted as a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings. Early2018; early adoption is permitted. We intend to early adopt ASU 2016-18 as of December 31, 2017, and are currently evaluating the potential effects of the adoptioneffect to our financial statements.consolidated statements of cash flows.
Stock Compensation. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09,Compensation-Stock Compensation Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which amends ASC Topic 718, Compensation – Stock Compensation. ASU 2016-09 simplifies several aspects of accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax and classification in the statement of cash flows. We adopted ASU 2016-09 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and must be adopted usingin the modified retrospective approach except for classificationfirst quarter of 2017; such adoption did not significantly impact our consolidated financial statements. In addition, the prior period presentation in the statement of cash flows whichwas not adjusted because such adjustments were insignificant.
Leases. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), as modified by ASU 2017-03, Transition and Open Effective Date Information. Under ASU 2016-02, an entity will be required to recognize assets and liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases on the entity’s balance sheet for both finance and operating leases. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, an entity can elect to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities and expense the lease over a straight-line basis for the term of the lease. ASU 2016-02 will require new disclosures that depict the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows pertaining to an entity’s leases. ASU 2016-02 is effective for us beginning January 1, 2019, and must be adopted using either the prospective ora modified retrospective approach.approach for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. WeUnder this guidance, we will record assets and liabilities relating primarily to our long-term office leases, and are currently evaluating the potential effects of the adoptioneffect to our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition. In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). We intend to adopt this standard and the related modifications on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach. Under this approach, the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance will be reflected as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings.
We have determined that the insurance contracts of our Health Plans segment, which comprises the majority of our operations, are excluded from the scope of ASU 2014-09 because the recognition of revenue under these contracts is dictated by other accounting standards governing insurance contracts. 
For our Molina Medicaid Solutions segment, we have determined that certain service revenue and cost of service revenue will no longer be deferred and recognized over the service delivery period. Rather, service revenue will be recognized based on the expected cost plus gross margin method, and cost of service revenue will be recognized as incurred. As of June 30, 2017, we expect the cumulative adjustment for historical periods through June 30, 2017 to increase retained earnings by no more than $50 million. This estimate will be updated in each quarterly and annual report until adoption. We expect the cumulative adjustment, if any, relating to our Other segment to be insignificant.
Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB (including its Emerging Issues Task Force), the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) did not have, or are not believed by management to have, a materialsignificant impact on our present or future consolidated financial statements.


3. Net (Loss) Income per Share
The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per share:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
 (In millions, except net income per share)
Numerator:       
Net income$42
 $46
 $99
 $113
Denominator:       
Shares outstanding at the beginning of the period56
 55
 55
 49
Weighted-average number of shares:       
Issued in common stock offering
 
 
 2
Denominator for basic net income per share56
 55
 55
 51
Effect of dilutive securities:       
Share-based compensation
 
 
 1
Convertible senior notes (1)
 1
 
 1
1.125% Warrants (1)
 4
 1
 2
Denominator for diluted net income per share56
 60
 56
 55
        
Net income per share (2):       
Basic$0.77
 $0.84
 $1.79
 $2.21
Diluted$0.76
 $0.77
 $1.77
 $2.07
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 (In millions, except net income per share)
Numerator:       
Net (loss) income$(230) $33
 $(153) $57
Denominator:       
Denominator for basic net (loss) income per share56
 55
 56
 55
Effect of dilutive securities:       
1.125% Warrants (1)

 
 
 1
Denominator for diluted net (loss) income per share56
 55
 56
 56
        
Net (loss) income per share: (2)
       
Basic$(4.10) $0.58
 $(2.74) $1.02
Diluted$(4.10) $0.58
 $(2.74) $1.01
        
Potentially dilutive common shares excluded from calculations:       
1.125% Warrants (1)
2
 
 1
 

(1)For more information regarding the convertible senior notes, refer to Note 10, "Debt." For more information regarding the 1.125% Warrants, refer to Note 12, "Stockholders'9, “Stockholders' Equity."” The dilutive effect of all potentially dilutive common shares is calculated using the treasury-stock method. Certain potentially dilutive common shares issuable are not included in the computation of diluted net (loss) income per share because to do so would be anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, the 1.125% Warrants were excluded from diluted shares outstanding because to do so would have been anti-dilutive.
(2)Source data for calculations in thousands.
4. Business Combinations
Health Plans Segment
In 2016, we closed on several business combinations in the Health Plans segment, consistent with our strategy to grow in our existing markets and expand into new markets. For all of these transactions, we applied the acquisition method of accounting, where the total purchase price was allocated, or preliminarily allocated, to tangible and intangible assets acquired, and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values. For the Health Plans acquisitions described below, except New York, only intangible assets were acquired. All of these acquisitions were funded using available cash and acquisition-related costs were insignificant. The individual transactions were as follows:
Illinois. On January 1, 2016, our Illinois health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid membership, and certain assets related to the Medicaid business of, Accountable Care Chicago, LLC, also known as MyCare Chicago. The final purchase price was approximately $30 million, and the Illinois health plan added approximately 50,000 Medicaid members as a result of this transaction.
On January 1, 2016, our Illinois health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid membership, and certain assets related to the Medicaid business, of Loyola Physician Partners, LLC. The final purchase price was approximately $12 million, and the Illinois health plan added approximately 18,000 Medicaid members as a result of this transaction.
On March 1, 2016, our Illinois health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid membership, and certain assets related to the Medicaid business, of Better Health Network, LLC. The final purchase price was approximately $15 million, and the Illinois health plan added approximately 28,000 Medicaid members as a result of this transaction.
Michigan. On January 1, 2016, our Michigan health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid and MIChild membership, and certain Medicaid and MIChild assets, of HAP Midwest Health Plan, Inc. The final purchase price was approximately $31 million, and the Michigan health plan added approximately 68,000 Medicaid and MIChild members as a result of this transaction.

New York. On August 1, 2016, we closed on our acquisition to acquire all outstanding equity interests of Today's Options of New York, Inc., which operates the Total Care Medicaid plan. The initial purchase price was approximately $38 million, and we now serve approximately 37,000 Medicaid members in upstate New York as a result of the transaction. As of September 30, 2016, the purchase price allocation was preliminary, subject to final purchase price adjustments as provided in the stock purchase agreement.
Washington. On January 1, 2016, our Washington health plan closed on its acquisition of the Medicaid contracts, and certain assets related to the operation of the Medicaid business, of Columbia United Providers, Inc. The final purchase price was approximately $28 million, and the Washington health plan added approximately 57,000 Medicaid members as a result of this transaction.
For these acquisitions, we recorded goodwill to the Health Plans segment amounting to $95 million in the aggregate, which relates to future economic benefits arising from expected synergies to be achieved. Such synergies include use of our existing infrastructure to support the added membership. In general, the amount recorded as goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes. For the New York acquisition, the tax deductibility of goodwill will be determined once the purchase price is finalized.
The following table presents the intangible assets identified in the transactions described above. The weighted-average amortization period, in the aggregate, is 5.7 years. For these acquisitions in the aggregate, we expect to record amortization of approximately $6 million in 2016, $8 million per year in the years 2017 through 2020, and $3 million in 2021.
 Fair Value Life
 (In millions) (Years)
Intangible asset type:   
Contract rights - member list$38
 5
Provider network7
 10
 $45
  
Other Segment
Pathways.On November 1, 2015, we acquired the outstanding ownership interests in Pathways Health and Community Support LLC (Pathways). In the third quarter of 2016, we recorded a pre-acquisition contingent liability and corresponding indemnification asset in the amount of $14 million in connection with the Rodriguez Litigation matter defined and described further in Note 14, "Commitments and Contingencies." Also in the third quarter of 2016, certain tax elections were made such that approximately 50% of the goodwill recorded in this transaction is deductible for income tax purposes.
5.4. Fair Value Measurements
We consider the carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents and other current assets and current liabilities (not including derivatives and the current portion of long-term debt) to approximate their fair values because of the relatively short period of time between the origination of these instruments and their expected realization or payment. For our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis, we prioritize the inputs used in measuring fair value according to a three-tier fair value hierarchy as follows:
Level 1 — Observable Inputs. Level 1 financial instruments are actively tradeddefined by GAAP. For a description of the methods and thereforeassumptions that we use to a) estimate the fair value; and b) determine the classification according to the fair value hierarchy for these securities is based on quoted market prices on one or more securities exchanges.
Level 2 — Directly or Indirectly Observable Inputs. Level 2 financial instruments are traded frequently though not necessarily daily. Fair value for these investments is determined using a market approach based on quoted prices for similar securities in active markets or quoted prices for identical securities in inactive markets.
Level 3 — Unobservable Inputs. Level 3 financial instruments are valued using unobservable inputs that represent management's best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing theeach financial instrument, at the measurement date. Our Level 3 financial instruments include derivative financial instruments.see Note 5, “Fair Value Measurements,” in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Derivative financial instruments include the 1.125% Call Option derivative asset and the 1.125% Conversion Option derivative liability. These derivatives are not actively traded and are valued based on an option pricing model that uses observable and unobservable market data for inputs. Significant market data inputs used to determine fair value as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 included the price of our common stock, the time to maturity of the derivative instruments, the risk-free interest rate, and the implied volatility of our common stock. As described further in Note 11,8, “Derivatives,” the 1.125% Call Option asset and the 1.125% Conversion Option liability were designed such that changes in their fair values would offset, with minimal impact to the

consolidated statements of income.operations. Therefore, the sensitivity of changes in the unobservable inputs to the option pricing model for such instruments is mitigated.
The net changes in fair value of Level 3 financial instruments were insignificant to our results of operations for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017.

Our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis at SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, were as follows:
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Total Quoted Market Prices (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(In millions)(In millions)
Corporate debt securities$1,127
 $
 $1,127
 $
$1,386
 $
 $1,386
 $
U.S. treasury notes263
 263
 
 
Government-sponsored enterprise securities (GSEs)259
 259
 
 
241
 241
 
 
Municipal securities148
 
 148
 
140
 
 140
 
Asset-backed securities76
 
 76
 
128
 
 128
 
U.S. treasury notes65
 65
 
 
Certificates of deposit60
 
 60
 
34
 
 34
 
Subtotal - current investments1,735
 324
 1,411
 
2,192
 504
 1,688
 
Corporate debt securities228
 
 228
 
U.S. treasury notes97
 97
 
 
Subtotal - current restricted investments325
 97
 228
 
1.125% Call Option derivative asset314
 
 
 314
440
 
 
 440
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis$2,049
 $324
 $1,411
 $314
Total assets$2,957
 $601
 $1,916
 $440
              
1.125% Conversion Option derivative liability$314
 $
 $
 $314
$440
 $
 $
 $440
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis$314
 $
 $
 $314
Total liabilities$440
 $
 $
 $440
Our financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2015,2016, were as follows:
Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Total Quoted Market Prices (Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(In millions)(In millions)
Corporate debt securities$1,184
 $
 $1,184
 $
$1,179
 $
 $1,179
 $
U.S. treasury notes84
 84
 
 
GSEs211
 211
 
 
231
 231
 
 
Municipal securities185
 
 185
 
142
 
 142
 
Asset-backed securities63
 
 63
 
69
 
 69
 
U.S. treasury notes78
 78
 
 
Certificates of deposit80
 
 80
 
53
 
 53
 
Subtotal - current investments1,801
 289
 1,512
 
1,758
 315
 1,443
 
1.125% Call Option derivative asset374
 
 
 374
267
 
 
 267
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis$2,175
 $289
 $1,512
 $374
Total assets$2,025
 $315
 $1,443
 $267
              
1.125% Conversion Option derivative liability$374
 $
 $
 $374
$267
 $
 $
 $267
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis$374
 $
 $
 $374
Total liabilities$267
 $
 $
 $267
There were no current restricted investments as of December 31, 2016.

Fair Value Measurements – Disclosure Only
The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of our senior notes, which are classified as Level 2 financial instruments, are indicated in the following table.
September 30, 2016 December 31, 2015June 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Carrying
Value
 

Fair Value
 
Carrying
Value
 

Fair Value
Carrying
Value
 

Fair Value
 
Carrying
Value
 

Fair Value
(In millions)(In millions)
5.375% Notes$690
 $725
 $689
 $700
$692
 $745
 $691
 $714
1.125% Convertible Notes466
 827
 448
 865
483
 976
 471
 792
4.875% Notes325
 333
 
 
1.625% Convertible Notes281
 358
 273
 365
289
 386
 284
 344
$1,437
 $1,910
 $1,410
 $1,930
$1,789
 $2,440
 $1,446
 $1,850

6.5. Investments
Available-for-Sale Investments
We consider all of our investments classified as current assets (including restricted investments) to be available-for-sale. Certain of our senior notes, as further discussed in Note 7, “Debt,” contain a limitation on the use of proceeds which required us to deposit the net proceeds from their issuance into a segregated deposit account, a current asset reported as “Restricted investments” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Such proceeds, while restricted as to their use and held in a segregated deposit account, are available-for-sale based upon our contractual liquidity requirements.
The following tables summarize our investments as of the dates indicated:
September 30, 2016June 30, 2017
Amortized 
Gross
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Fair
Amortized 
Gross
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Fair
Cost Gains Losses ValueCost Gains Losses Value
(In millions)(In millions)
Corporate debt securities$1,123
 $4
 $
 $1,127
$1,387
 $1
 $2
 $1,386
U.S. treasury notes263
 
 
 263
GSEs259
 
 
 259
242
 
 1
 241
Municipal securities147
 1
 
 148
140
 
 
 140
Asset-backed securities76
 
 
 76
128
 
 
 128
Certificates of deposit34
 
 
 34
Subtotal - current investments2,194
 1
 3
 2,192
Corporate debt securities227
 1
 
 228
U.S. treasury notes65
 
 
 65
97
 
 
 97
Certificates of deposit60
 
 
 60
$1,730
 $5
 $
 $1,735
Subtotal - current restricted investments324
 1
 
 325
Total$2,518
 $2
 $3
 $2,517
December 31, 2015December 31, 2016
Amortized 
Gross
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Fair
Amortized 
Gross
Unrealized
 
Estimated
Fair
Cost Gains Losses ValueCost Gains Losses Value
(In millions)(In millions)
Corporate debt securities$1,189
 $
 $5
 $1,184
$1,180
 $1
 $2
 $1,179
U.S. treasury notes84
 
 
 84
GSEs212
 
 1
 211
232
 
 1
 231
Municipal securities186
 
 1
 185
143
 
 1
 142
Asset-backed securities63
 
 
 63
69
 
 
 69
U.S. treasury notes78
 
 
 78
Certificates of deposit80
 
 
 80
53
 
 
 53
$1,808
 $
 $7
 $1,801
Total - current investments$1,761
 $1
 $4
 $1,758
There were no current restricted investments as of December 31, 2016.

The contractual maturities of our available-for-sale investments as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 are summarized below:
Amortized Cost 
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized Cost 
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)(In millions)
Due in one year or less$887
 $887
$1,301
 $1,301
Due after one year through five years817
 821
1,194
 1,193
Due after five years through ten years26
 27
23
 23
$1,730
 $1,735
Total$2,518
 $2,517
Gross realized gains and losses from sales of available-for-sale securities are calculated under the specific identification method and are included in investment income. Gross realized investment gains and losses for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and 20152016 were insignificant.
We have determined that unrealized gains and losses at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, are temporary in nature, because the change in market value for these securities has resulted from fluctuating interest rates, rather than a deterioration of the creditworthinesscredit worthiness of the issuers. So long as we maintain the intent and ability to hold these securities to maturity, we are unlikely to experience gains or losses. In the event that we dispose of these securities before maturity, we expect that realized gains or losses, if any, will be immaterial.insignificant. 
There were noThe following table segregates those available-for-sale investments that have been in a material continuous loss position for less than 12 months, and those that have been in a loss position for 12 months or more as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017:

 
In a Continuous Loss Position
for Less than 12 Months
 
In a Continuous Loss Position
for 12 Months or More
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Total
Number of
Positions
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Total
Number of
Positions
 (Dollars in millions)
Corporate debt securities$913
 $2
 418
 $
 $
 
GSEs247
 1
 101
 
 
 
Total - current investments$1,160
 $3
 519
 $
 $
 
The following table segregates those available-for-sale investments that have been in a continuous loss position for less than 12 months, and those that have been in a loss position for 12 months or more as of December 31, 2015:2016:
In a Continuous Loss Position
for Less than 12 Months
 
In a Continuous Loss Position
for 12 Months or More
In a Continuous Loss Position
for Less than 12 Months
 
In a Continuous Loss Position
for 12 Months or More
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Total
Number of
Positions
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Total
Number of
Positions
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Total
Number of
Positions
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Total
Number of
Positions
(Dollars in millions)(Dollars in millions)
Corporate debt securities$825
 $4
 588
 $119
 $1
 87
$542
 $2
 378
 $
 $
 
GSEs182
 1
 77
 
 
 
198
 1
 73
 
 
 
Municipal securities128
 1
 181
 
 
 
101
 1
 129
 
 
 
$1,135
 $6
 846
 $119
 $1
 87
Total - current investments$841
 $4
 580
 $
 $
 
7. Receivables
Receivables consist primarily of amounts due from government Medicaid agencies, which may be subject to potential retroactive adjustments. Because all of our receivable amounts are readily determinable and substantially all of our creditors are governmental authorities, our allowance for doubtful accounts is immaterial. The information below is presented by segment.
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 (In millions)
California$174
 $104
Florida79
 22
Illinois81
 35
Michigan71
 39
New Mexico78
 51
New York33
 
Ohio133
 66
Puerto Rico82
 33
South Carolina12
 6
Texas62
 56
Utah32
 18
Washington94
 53
Wisconsin27
 22
Direct delivery and other3
 6
Total Health Plans segment961
 511
Molina Medicaid Solutions segment39
 37
Other segment53
 49
 $1,053
 $597
8. RestrictedHeld-to-Maturity Investments
Pursuant to the regulations governing our Health Plans segment subsidiaries, we maintain statutory deposits and deposits required by government authorities primarily in certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities. We also maintain restricted investments as protection against the insolvency of certain capitated providers. The following table presentsuse of these funds is limited as required by regulation in the balancesvarious states in which we operate, or as needed in the event of insolvency of capitated providers. Therefore, such investments are reported as non-current “Restricted investments” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. We have the ability to hold these restricted investments until maturity, and as a result, we would not expect the value of these investments to decline significantly due to a sudden change in market interest rates.

restricted investments:
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 (In millions)
Florida$28
 $34
Illinois3
 
Michigan1
 1
New Mexico43
 43
New York9
 
Ohio12
 12
Puerto Rico10
 10
Texas4
 4
Utah4
 4
Wisconsin1
 1
Other1
 
Total Health Plans segment$116
 $109
The contractual maturities of our held-to-maturity restricted investments, which are carried at amortized cost, which approximates fair value, as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 are summarized below:
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
 
Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)(In millions)
Due in one year or less$115
 $115
$100
 $100
Due after one year through five years1
 1
18
 17
$116
 $116
$118
 $117

9. 6.Medical Claims and Benefits Payable
The following table provides the details of our medical claims and benefits payable (including amounts payable for the provision of long-term services and supports, or LTSS) as of the dates indicated.
September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
June 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
(In millions)(In millions)
Fee-for-service claims incurred but not paid (IBNP)$1,333
 $1,191
$1,478
 $1,352
Pharmacy payable114
 88
121
 112
Capitation payable27
 140
45
 37
Other397
 266
433
 428
$1,871
 $1,685
$2,077
 $1,929
"Other"“Other” medical claims and benefits payable include amounts payable to certain providers for which we act as an intermediary on behalf of various government agencies without assuming financial risk. Such receipts and payments do not impact our consolidated statements of income.operations. Non-risk provider payables amounted to $237$111 million and $167$225 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 and December 31, 2015,2016, respectively.
Reinsurance recoverables of $65 million and $83 million as of June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, are included in “Receivables” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
The following table presents the components of the change in our medical claims and benefits payable for the periods indicated. The amounts presented for “Components of medical care costs related to: Prior periods” represent the amount by which our original estimate of medical claims and benefits payable at the beginning of the period were more than the actual amount of the liability based on information (principally the payment of claims) developed since that liability was first reported.

Six Months Ended June 30,
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Year Ended
December 31, 2015
2017 2016
(Dollars in millions)(Dollars in millions)
Medical claims and benefits payable, beginning balance$1,685
 $1,201
$1,929
 $1,685
Components of medical care costs related to:      
Current period11,120
 11,935
8,633
 7,371
Prior periods(190) (141)(31) (189)
Total medical care costs10,930
 11,794
8,602
 7,182
      
Change in non-risk provider payables70
 48
(114) 24
      
Payments for medical care costs related to:      
Current period9,536
 10,448
6,883
 5,885
Prior periods1,278
 910
1,457
 1,240
Total paid10,814
 11,358
8,340
 7,125
Medical claims and benefits payable, ending balance$1,871
 $1,685
$2,077
 $1,766
Benefit from prior period as a percentage of:      
Balance at beginning of period11.3% 11.8%1.6% 11.3%
Premium revenue, trailing twelve months1.2% 1.1%0.2% 1.3%
Medical care costs, trailing twelve months1.3% 1.2%0.2% 1.4%
Assuming that our initial estimate of IBNP is accurate, we believe that amounts ultimately paid would generally be between 8% and 10% less than the IBNP liability recorded at the end of the period as a result of the inclusion in that liability of the provision for adverse claims deviation and the accrued cost of settling those claims. Because the amount of our initial liability is merely an estimate (and therefore not perfectly accurate), we will always experience variability in that estimate as new information becomes available with the passage of time. Therefore, there can be no assurance that amounts ultimately paid out will fall within the range of 8% to 10% lower than the liability that was initially recorded. Furthermore, because our initial estimate of IBNP is derived from many factors, some of which are qualitative in nature rather than quantitative, we are seldom able to assign specific values to the reasons for a change in estimate—we only know when the circumstances for any one or more factors are out of the ordinary.
As indicated in the table above, the amounts ultimately paid out on our medical claims and benefits payable liabilities in fiscal years 20162017 and 20152016 were less than what we had expected when we had established those liabilities. The differences between our original estimates and the amounts ultimately paid out (or now expected to be ultimately paid out) for the most part related to IBNP. While many related factors working in conjunction with one another serve to determine the accuracy of our estimates, we are seldom able to quantify the impact that any single factor has on a change in estimate. In addition, given the variability inherent in the reserving process, we will only be able to identify specific factors if they represent a significant departure from expectations. As a result, we do not expect to be able to fully quantify the impact of individual factors on changes in estimates.
While prior period development of our estimate as of December 31, 2016, through June 30, 2017, was favorable by $31 million, that amount is substantially less than the favorable prior period development of $189 million we recognized for the same period in the prior year. Further, favorable development through June 30, 2017, was less than the 8% to 10% we typically expect.
We believe that the most significant uncertainties surrounding our IBNP estimates at SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 are as follows:
Our New YorkIn the first half of 2017, our Marketplace enrollment across all health plan acquisition closed on August 1, 2016. This acquisition added approximately 37,000plans increased by over 400,000 members. Due to limited insight into the cost patterns associated with this large number of new members. Because theseMarketplace members, are new to Molina, our liability estimates of the liability we have incurred for services provided to these members are subject to more than the usual amount of uncertainty.
At our Florida New Mexico, Puerto Rico, Utahhealth plan, claims receipts increased significantly over the last few months due to an increase in the receipt of secondary claims, many of which are not our liability. These claims will either be denied or will have very small paid amounts. For this reason, claims denial rates, amounts paid per claim and Washingtonother claims indicators will be impacted, making our liability estimates subject to more than the usual amount of uncertainty.

At our Illinois health plans,plan, we overpaid certain inpatientpaid a large number of claims in the first half of 2017 that had previously been denied and outpatient facility claims. We adjusted our claims payment history to reflectwere subsequently disputed by providers. This has created some distortion in the claims payment pattern that would have occurred without these overpayments. For this reason,patterns, making our liability estimates at thesesubject to more than the usual amount of uncertainty.
At our California health plansplan, we adjusted our inpatient authorization process. As a result, due to the expected increase in authorized inpatient stays, our liability estimates are subject to more than the usual amount of uncertainty.
At our WashingtonNew Mexico health plan, a fee schedule reduction for a large provider has created some distortion in the covered benefits in two counties were expanded effective April 2016 to include behavioral health benefits under the state's new fully integrated managed care program, which impacted about 85,000 members. Because these are new benefits,claims payment patterns, making our liability estimate at this health plan isestimates subject to more than the usual amount of uncertainty.
Fluctuations in the volume of claims received in a paper format (rather than an electronic format) during the third quarter have created more than the usual amount of uncertainty regarding our estimate of the liability at our California health plan.
We recognized favorable prior period claims development in the amount of $190 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. This amount represents our estimate, as of September 30, 2016, of the extent to which our initial estimate of medical claims and benefits payable at December 31, 2015 was more than the amount that will ultimately be paid out in satisfaction of that liability. We believe the overestimation was due primarily to the following factors:
A new version of diagnostic codes was required for all claims with dates of service on October 1, 2015, and later. As a result, payment was delayed or denied for a significant number of claims due to provider submission of claims with diagnostic codes that were no longer valid. Once providers were able to submit claims with the correct diagnostic codes, our actual costs were ultimately less than expected.

At our New Mexico health plan, we overestimated the impact of several pending high-dollar claims, and our actual costs were ultimately less than expected.
At our Washington health plan, we overpaid certain outpatient facility claims in 2015 when the state converted to a new payment methodology. We did not include an estimate in the reserves for this potential recovery as of December 31, 2015.
At our California health plan, approximately 55,000 new members were added to our Medicaid Expansion product in 2015. For these new members, our actual costs were ultimately less than expected.
10.7. Debt
As of September 30, 2016, contractual maturities of debt for the years ending December 31 are as follows:
 Total 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Thereafter
 (In millions)
5.375% Notes$700
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $700
1.125% Convertible Notes550
 
 
 
 
 550
 
1.625% Convertible Notes (1)302
 
 
 
 
 
 302
 $1,552
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $550
 $1,002
(1)The 1.625% Notes have a contractual maturity date in 2044; however, on contractually specified dates beginning in 2018, holders of the 1.625% Notes may require us to repurchase some or all of the 1.625% Notes, or we may redeem any or all of the 1.625% Notes.
Substantially all of our debt is held at the parent, which is reported in the Other segment. The principal amounts, unamortized discount (net of premium related tofollowing table summarizes our outstanding debt obligations and their classification in the 1.625% Notes), unamortized issuance costs, and net carrying amounts of debt were as follows:accompanying consolidated balance sheets (in millions):
 Principal Balance Unamortized Discount Unamortized Issuance Costs Net Carrying Amount
 (In millions)
September 30, 2016:       
5.375% Notes$700
 $
 $10
 $690
1.125% Convertible Notes550
 78
 6
 466
1.625% Convertible Notes302
 18
 3
 281
 $1,552
 $96
 $19
 $1,437
December 31, 2015:       
5.375% Notes$700
 $
 $11
 $689
1.125% Convertible Notes550
 95
 7
 448
1.625% Convertible Notes302
 25
 4
 273
Other1
 
 
 1
 $1,553
 $120
 $22
 $1,411
 June 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
Current portion of long-term debt:   
1.125% Convertible Notes, net of unamortized discount$488
 $477
1.625% Convertible Notes, net of unamortized premium and discount291
 
Lease financing obligations1
 1
Debt issuance costs(7) (6)
 773
 472
Non-current portion of long-term debt, reported as “Senior notes”:   
5.375% Notes700
 700
4.875% Notes330
 
1.625% Convertible Notes, net of unamortized premium and discount
 286
Debt issuance costs(13) (11)
 1,017
 975
Lease financing obligations198
 198
 $1,988
 $1,645
Interest cost recognized relating to our convertible senior notes for the periods presented was as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
 (In millions)
Contractual interest coupon rate$2
 $3
 $8
 $9
Amortization of the discount7
 7
 22
 21
 $9
 $10
 $30
 $30

Debt Commitment Letter. On August 2, 2016, in connection with the Medicare Acquisition, we entered into a debt commitment letter with Barclays Bank PLC (Barclays). The primary terms of the debt commitment letter provide that Barclays will lend us up to $400 million which may be used as follows: to finance the Medicare Acquisition, including related transaction costs and regulatory or statutory capital requirements; to finance any ongoing working capital requirements; or for other general corporate purposes.
5.375%4.875% Notes due 2022. 2025
On November 10, 2015,June 6, 2017, we completed the private offering of $330 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes (4.875% Notes) due June 15, 2025, unless earlier redeemed. Interest on the 4.875% Notes is payable semiannually in arrears on June 15 and December 15. According to their terms, the guarantees under the 4.875% Notes mirror those of the Credit Facility, defined and described below. See Note 16, “Supplemental Condensed Consolidating Financial Information,” for more information on the guarantors. The 4.875% Notes contain customary non-financial covenants and change of control provisions.
The 4.875% Notes contain a limitation on the use of proceeds which required us to deposit the net proceeds from their issuance into a segregated deposit account, a current asset reported as “Restricted investments” in our consolidated balance sheets. These funds may be used by us as follows:
On or prior to August 20, 2018, to:
Redeem, repurchase, repay, tender for, or acquire for value all or any portion of our 1.625% Convertible Notes, defined and discussed further below, or to satisfy the cash portion of any consideration due upon any conversion of the 1.625% Convertible Notes; and/or
Pay any interest due on all or any portion of the 4.875% Notes.
On or after August 20, 2018, to repurchase all or any portion of the 1.625% Convertible Notes that we are obligated to repurchase; and

Subsequent to August 20, 2018 (or such earlier date in the event that there are no longer any 1.625% Convertible Notes outstanding), in any other manner not otherwise prohibited in the indenture governing the 4.875% Notes.
5.375% Notes due 2022
We have outstanding $700 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes (5.375% Notes) due November 15, 2022, unless earlier redeemed. In connection withAccording to their issuance and sale, we entered into a registration rights agreement to exchangeterms, the guarantees under the 5.375% Notes mirror those of the Credit Facility, defined and described below. See Note 16, “Supplemental Condensed Consolidating Financial Information,” for registered notes having substantially identical terms, including guarantees. Such exchange was completed on September 16, 2016. Interestmore information on the 5.375% Notes is payable semiannually in arrears on May 15 and November 15.guarantors.
Certain of our wholly owned subsidiaries jointly and severally guarantee our obligations under the 5.375% Notes. The 5.375% Notes contain customary non-financial covenants and change of control provisions. At September 30, 2016, we were in compliance with all financial covenants under the 5.375% Notes.Credit Facility
Credit Facility. In June 2015,January 2017, we entered into an amended unsecured $250$500 million revolving credit facility (Credit Facility)., referred to as the First Amendment. As of June 30, 2017, outstanding letters of credit amounting to $6 million reduced our borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility to $494 million. The Credit Facility has a term of five years and all amounts outstanding will be due and payable on June 12, 2020. Subject to obtaining commitments from existing or new lenders and satisfaction of other specified conditions, we may increase the Credit Facility to up to $350 million.January 31, 2022. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016, outstanding letters of credit amounting to $6 million reduced the borrowing capacity to $244 million, and2017, no amounts were outstanding under the Credit Facility.
BorrowingsIn addition to increasing amounts available to borrow under the Credit Facility bear interest based, at our election, on and extending its term, the First Amendment provided that all guarantors immediately prior to January 3, 2017, other than Molina Information Systems, LLC, d/b/a base rate or an adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), plus in each case the applicable margin. In addition to interest payable on the principal amountMolina Medicaid Solutions, Molina Pathways, LLC, and Pathways Health and Community Support LLC, were automatically and unconditionally released from their obligations as guarantors of indebtedness outstanding from time to time under the Credit Facility we are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee.and the 5.375% Notes.
Certain of our wholly owned subsidiaries jointly and severally guarantee our obligations under the Credit Facility. The Credit Facility contains customary non-financial and financial covenants, including a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio, a maximum debt-to-EBITDAnet leverage ratio and minimum statutoryan interest coverage ratio. In February 2017, we entered into a second amendment to the Credit Facility (the Second Amendment) which modified the Credit Facility’s definition of the earnings measure used in the financial covenant computations to a) allow us to receive credit for risk corridor payments owed to, but not received or accrued by us during 2016; and b) account for the difference between the amount of actual risk transfer payments made or accrued by us during 2016, and the amount of risk transfer payments that would have been due under the federal government’s proposed 2018 risk adjustment payment transfer formula.
In May 2017, we entered into a third amendment to the Credit Facility (the Third Amendment) which modified the Credit Facility’s definition of specified cash, to permit cash that is either subject to customary escrow arrangements or held in a segregated account to be netted from the Credit Facility’s consolidated net worth.leverage ratio if the use of the cash is limited to the repayment of other indebtedness. The Third Amendment also adds a carve-out to the Credit Facility’s negative pledge covenant to allow for the escrow arrangements and segregated accounts. At SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we were in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants under the Credit Facility.
1.125% Cash Convertible Senior Notes due 2020.
In February 2013, we issuedWe have outstanding $550 million aggregate principal amount of 1.125% cash convertible senior notes (1.125% Notes) due January 15, 2020, unless earlier repurchased or converted.
Interest is payable semiannually in arrears on January 15 and July 15. We refer to these notes as our 1.125% Convertible Notes. We also have outstanding $302 million aggregate principal amount of 1.625% convertible senior notes due August 14, 2044, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted. We refer to these notes as our 1.625% Convertible Notes. The 1.125% Convertible Notes are convertible only intoentirely to cash, and not into sharesthe 1.625% Convertible Notes are convertible partially to cash, each prior to their respective maturity dates under certain circumstances, one of which relates to the closing price of our common stock or any other securities. over a specified period. We refer to this conversion trigger as the stock price trigger.
The initial conversion ratestock price trigger for the 1.125% Convertible Notes is 24.5277 shares of our common stock$53.00 per $1,000 principal amount of the 1.125% Notes. This represents an initial conversion price of approximately $40.77 per share of our common stock.share. The 1.125% Convertible Notes met the stock pricethis trigger in the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, and2017; therefore, they are convertible to cash through at least December 31, 2016. Because the 1.125% Notes may be converted into cash within 12 months, the $466 million carrying amount isand are reported in current portion of long-term debt as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017.
The 1.125%stock price trigger for the 1.625% Convertible Notes contain an embedded cashis $75.51 per share. The 1.625% Convertible Notes did not meet this stock price trigger in the quarter ended June 30, 2017. On contractually specified dates beginning in 2018, holders of the 1.625% Convertible Notes may require us to repurchase some or all of such notes. In addition, beginning May 15, 2018 until August 19, 2018, holders may convert some or all of the 1.625% Convertible Notes. Because of this conversion option (the 1.125% Conversion Option), which was separatedfeature, the 1.625% Convertible Notes are reported in current portion of long-term debt as of June 30, 2017. As noted above, because the proceeds from the 1.125%4.875% Notes are initially restricted to payments upon conversion or redemption of the 1.625% Convertible Notes, such restricted investments are also classified as current in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Cross-Default Provisions
The terms of our 4.875% Notes, 5.375% Notes and accounted for separately as a derivative liability, with changes in fair value reported in our consolidated statements of income until the 1.125% Conversion Option settles or expires. The initial fair value liabilityeach of the 1.125% Conversion Option simultaneously reducedand 1.625% Convertible Notes contain cross-default provisions with the carrying valueCredit Facility that are triggered upon an event of default under the Credit Facility, and when borrowings under the Credit Facility equal or exceed certain amounts as defined in the related indentures.
Debt Commitment Letter
In connection with the Terminated Medicare Acquisition, we entered into a debt commitment letter with Barclays Bank PLC (Barclays) in August 2016. Under this debt commitment letter, Barclays agreed to lend us up to $400 million, subject to satisfaction of certain conditions, including consummation of the 1.125% Notes (effectively an original issuance discount). This discount is amortized to the 1.125% Notes' principal amount through the recognition of non-cash interest expense over the expected lifeTerminated Medicare Acquisition. The debt commitment letter automatically terminated in February 2017 as a result of the debt. This has resulted in our recognitiontermination of interest expense on the 1.125% Notes at an effective rate of approximately 6%. As of September 30, 2016, the 1.125% Notes have a remaining amortization period of 3.3 years.this transaction. The 1.125% Notes' if-converted value exceeded their principal amount by approximately $177 million and $332 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
1.625% Convertible Senior Notes due 2044. In September 2014, we issued $125 million principal amount of 1.625% convertible senior notes (1.625% Notes) due August 15, 2044, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Combinedcosts associated with the 1.625% Notes issueddebt commitment letter and its termination were reimbursed as described in an exchange transaction in 2014, the aggregate principal amountNote 1, “Basis of 1.625% Notes issued was $302 million. Interest is payable semiannually in arrears on February 15 and August 15. The initial conversion rate for the 1.625% Notes is 17.2157 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 1.625% Notes. This represents an initial conversion price of approximately $58.09 per share of our common stock. As of September 30, 2016, the 1.625% Notes were not convertible.Presentation–Health Plans Segment Recent Developments.”
Because the 1.625% Notes are net share settled and have cash settlement features, we have allocated the principal amount between a liability component and an equity component. The reduced carrying value on the 1.625% Notes resulted in a debt discount that is amortized back to the 1.625% Notes' principal amount through the recognition of non-cash interest expense over the expected life of the debt. The expected life of the debt is approximately four years, beginning on the issuance date and

ending on the first date we may redeem the 1.625% Notes in August 2018. As of September 30, 2016, the 1.625% Notes have a remaining amortization period of 1.9 years. This has resulted in our recognition of interest expense on the 1.625% Notes at an effective rate approximating what we would have incurred had nonconvertible debt with otherwise similar terms been issued, or approximately 5%. The outstanding 1.625% Notes’ if-converted value did not exceed their principal amount at September 30, 2016 and exceeded their principal amount at December 31, 2015 by approximately $10 million. At September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the equity component of the 1.625% Notes, including the impact of deferred taxes, was $23 million.
11.8. Derivatives
The following table summarizes the fair values and the presentation of our derivative financial instruments (defined and discussed individually below) in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets:
Balance Sheet Location September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
Balance Sheet Location June 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 (In millions) (In millions)
Derivative asset:        
1.125% Call OptionCurrent assets: Derivative asset $314
 $374
Current assets: Derivative asset $440
 $267
Derivative liability:        
1.125% Conversion OptionCurrent liabilities: Derivative liability $314
 $374
Current liabilities: Derivative liability $440
 $267
Our derivative financial instruments do not qualify for hedge treatment; therefore the change in fair value of these instruments is recognized immediately in our consolidated statements of income,operations, and reported in other expense,“Other income, net. Gains and losses for our derivative financial instruments are presented individually in the accompanying consolidated statements of cash flows, supplemental“Supplemental cash flow information.
1.125% Notes Call Spread Overlay. Concurrent with the issuance of the 1.125% Convertible Notes in 2013, we entered into privately negotiated hedge transactions (collectively, the 1.125% Call Option) and warrant transactions (collectively, the 1.125% Warrants), with certain of the initial purchasers of the 1.125% Convertible Notes (the Counterparties). We refer to these transactions collectively as the Call Spread Overlay. Under the Call Spread Overlay, the cost of the 1.125% Call Option we purchased to cover the cash outlay upon conversion of the 1.125% Convertible Notes was reduced by proceeds from the sale of the 1.125% Warrants. Assuming full performance by the Counterparties (and 1.125% Warrants strike prices in excess of the conversion price of the 1.125% Convertible Notes), these transactions are intended to offset cash payments in excess of the principal amount of the 1.125% Convertible Notes due upon any conversion of the 1.125%such Notes.
1.125% Call Option. The 1.125% Call Option, which is indexed to our common stock, is a derivative asset that requires mark-to-market accounting treatment due to cash settlement features until the 1.125% Call Option settles or expires. For further discussion of the inputs used to determine the fair value of the 1.125% Call Option, refer to Note 5, "Fair4, “Fair Value Measurements."
1.125% Conversion Option. The embedded cash conversion option within the 1.125% Convertible Notes is accounted for separately as a derivative liability, with changes in fair value reported in our consolidated statements of incomeoperations until the cash conversion option settles or expires. For further discussion of the inputs used to determine the fair value of the 1.125% Conversion Option, refer to Note 5, "Fair4, “Fair Value Measurements."
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, the 1.125% Call Option and the 1.125% Conversion Option were classified as a current asset and current liability, respectively, because the 1.125% Convertible Notes may be converted within 12 months of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, as described in Note 10, "Debt."7, “Debt.”


12.9. Stockholders' Equity
Stockholders'Stockholders’ equity increased $134decreased $128 million during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 compared with stockholders'stockholders’ equity at December 31, 2015.2016. The increasedecrease was due primarily due to the net incomeloss of $99$153 million $7 million of other comprehensive income and $28, partially offset by $24 million related to employee stock transactions.transactions in the six months ended June 30, 2017, which are described further below.
1.125% Warrants. Warrants
In connection with the Call Spread Overlay transaction described in Note 11, "Derivatives,"8, “Derivatives,” in 2013, we issued 13,490,236 warrants with a strike price of $53.8475 per share. The number of warrants andUnder certain circumstances, beginning in April 2020, when the strike price are subject to adjustment under certain circumstances. If the market value per share of our common stock exceeds the strike price of the 1.125% Warrants, on any trading day during the 160 trading day measurement period (beginning on April 15, 2020) under the 1.125% Warrants, we will be obligated to issue to the Counterparties a number of shares equal in value to the product of the amount by which such market value exceeds such strike price and 1/160th of the aggregate number of shares of our common

stock underlying the 1.125% Warrants, subject to a share delivery cap. The 1.125% Warrants could separately have a dilutive effect to the extent that the market value per share of our common stock exceeds the applicable strike price of the 1.125% Warrants. Refer to Note 3, "Net“Net (Loss) Income per Share," for dilution information for the periods presented. We will not receive any additional proceeds if the 1.125% Warrants are exercised.
Securities Repurchase Program. Effective as of December 16, 2015, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $50 million in aggregate of our common stock or senior notes. This repurchase program extends through December 31, 2016.
Stock Incentive Plans. Plans
In connection with our equity incentive plans and employee stock purchase plan, approximately 467,000692,000 shares of common stock vested or were purchased, or vested, net of shares used to settle employees’ income tax obligations, during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017.
ChargedRestricted stock awards (RSAs), performance stock awards (PSAs) and performance stock units (PSUs) activity for the six months ended June 30, 2017 is summarized below:
 Restricted Stock Awards Performance Stock Awards Performance Stock Units Total 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Unvested balance, December 31, 2016577,244
 345,656
 
 922,900
 $58.15
Granted377,076
 
 231,100
 608,176
 56.98
Vested(380,812) (260,894) (139,272) (780,978) 57.63
Forfeited(58,643) 
 
 (58,643) 54.48
Unvested balance, June 30, 2017514,865
 84,762
 91,828
 691,455
 57.57
The total fair value of RSAs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was $19 million and $17 million, respectively. The total fair value of RSAs which vested during the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was $20 million and $21 million, respectively.
No PSAs were granted during the six months ended June 30, 2017. The total fair value of PSAs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2016 was $15 million. The total fair value of PSAs which vested during the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $15 million. No PSAs vested during the six months ended June 30, 2016.
The total fair value of PSUs granted during the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $16 million. The total fair value of PSUs which vested during the six months ended June 30, 2017 was $9 million. There were no PSUs granted or vested in 2016.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017, the vesting of 133,957 RSAs, 153,574 PSAs and 139,272 PSUs was accelerated in connection with the termination of our former Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and former Chief Financial Officer (CFO) in May 2017. Share-based compensation expense of $35 million was recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2017, of which $23 million was recorded to general“Restructuring and separation costs” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. See Note 11, “Restructuring and Separation Costs” for further discussion. Share-based compensation expense of $16 million was recorded to “General and administrative expenses, total share-based compensation expense was as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 2016 2015
 (In millions)
Restricted stock and performance awards$7
 $6
 $20
 $13
Employee stock purchase plan and stock options1
 1
 4
 3
 $8
 $7
 $24
 $16
expenses” in the six months ended June 30, 2016.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, there was $38$32 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted share awards,RSAs, including those with market and performance conditions, and unvested PSUs, which we expect to recognize over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.6 years.2.5 years and 2.1 years, respectively. This unrecognized compensation cost assumes an estimated forfeiture rate of 4.3%3.3% for non-executive employees as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017.


Restricted stock. 10. Impairment Losses
Restricted and performance stock activity forGoodwill represents the nine months ended September 30, 2016 is summarized below:
 Shares 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 (In thousands)  
Unvested balance as of December 31, 20151,035
 $46.68
Granted517
 63.94
Vested(342) 41.79
Forfeited(19) 52.01
Unvested balance as of September 30, 20161,191
 55.50
The totalexcess of the purchase price over the fair value of restrictednet assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to an annual impairment test. Refer to Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” for a discussion of our adoption of ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. We are required to test at least annually for impairment, or more frequently if adverse events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. When testing goodwill for impairment, we may first assess qualitative factors, such as industry and market factors, cost factors, and changes in overall performance, awards granted duringto determine if it is more likely than not that the nine months ended September 30, 2016carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value. If our qualitative assessment indicates that goodwill impairment is more likely than not, we perform additional quantitative analysis. We may also elect to skip the qualitative testing and 2015 was $33 million and $28 million, respectively. The totalproceed directly to the quantitative testing.
An impairment loss is measured as the excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including goodwill, over the fair value of restricted awards, including those with performance and market conditions, which vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015 was $22 million and $25 million, respectively.
Asreporting unit. We estimate the fair values of September 30, 2016, there were approximately 603,000 unvested restricted shares outstanding which contained one or more performance measures.our reporting units using discounted cash flows. In the discounted cash flow analyses, we must make assumptions about a wide variety of internal and external factors, and consider the price that would be received to sell the reporting unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Significant assumptions include financial projections of free cash flow (including significant assumptions about operations, capital requirements and income taxes), long-term growth rates for determining terminal value beyond the discretely forecasted periods, and discount rates.
In the course of developing our restructuring and profitability improvement plan, discussed further in Note 11, “Restructuring and Separation Costs,” we determined that future benefits to be derived from Pathways, including integration with our health plans, would be less than previously anticipated. In addition, poorer than expected year-to-date operating results and lower projections of operating results for periods in the near term led us to conclude that a triggering event for an interim impairment analysis had occurred in the vesting conditions aresecond quarter of 2017.
Intangible Assets. We first evaluated Pathways’ finite-lived intangible assets (customer relationships and contract licenses) for impairment, using undiscounted cash flows expected over the longest remaining useful life of the assets tested. See below for a description of the estimates and assumptions used in the cash flow model. Because the undiscounted cash flows over the remaining useful life were less than Pathways’ carrying amount, the intangible assets were impaired. We recorded an impairment loss for the carrying amount of the intangible assets, or $11 million, in the second quarter of 2017.
Goodwill. We next tested Pathways’ goodwill for impairment. As described above, we estimated Pathways’ fair value using discounted cash flows, incorporating significant estimates and assumptions related to future periods. Such estimates included anticipated client census which drives service revenue; management’s determination that future benefits to be derived from Pathways (including integration with our health plans) will be less than previously anticipated; current prospects relating to the behavioral services labor market which drives cost of service revenue; and anticipated capital expenditures. In addition, we applied our weighted average cost of capital (WACC) as the best estimate to discount future estimated cash flows to present value. The WACC was based on externally available data considering market participants’ cost of equity and debt, and capital structure. We applied a terminal growth rate that corresponds to Pathways’ long-term growth prospects. The test resulted in a fair value less than Pathways’ carrying amount; therefore, we recorded an impairment loss for the difference, or $59 million, in the second quarter of 2017. In addition to the Pathways impairment loss, we recorded an impairment loss of $2 million for a separate subsidiary’s goodwill that did not achieved,pass the awards will lapse. Based on our assessmentimpairment test. Both impairment losses were recorded to the Other segment, and reported as “Impairment losses” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
There were no impairments of intangible assets or goodwill during 2016.

The following table presents the balances of goodwill as of SeptemberJune 30, 2016, we expect the performance conditions for approximately 425,000 of these outstanding restricted share awards to be met in full.2017 and December 31, 2016:
 Health Plans Molina Medicaid Solutions Other Total
 (In millions)
Historical goodwill$445
 $71
 $162
 $678
Accumulated impairment losses at December 31, 2016(58) 
 
 (58)
Balance, December 31, 2016387
 71
 162
 620
Impairment losses
 
 (61) (61)
Balance, June 30, 2017$387
 $71
 $101
 $559
Accumulated impairment losses at June 30, 2017$(58) $
 $(61) $(119)

13.11. Restructuring and Separation Costs
Following a management-initiated, broad operational assessment in early 2017, designed to improve our profitability and expand our core Medicaid business, in June 2017, we accelerated the implementation of a comprehensive restructuring and profitability improvement plan (the Restructuring Plan). Under the Restructuring Plan, we are taking the following actions:
1.
We are streamlining our organizational structure, including the elimination of redundant layers of management, the consolidation of regional support services, and other reductions to our workforce, to improve efficiency as well as the speed and quality of our decision-making.
2.
We are re-designing core operating processes such as provider payment, utilization management, quality monitoring and improvement, and information technology to achieve more effective and cost efficient outcomes.
3.
We are remediating high cost provider contracts and building around high quality, cost-effective networks.
4.We are restructuring our existing direct delivery operations.
5.We are reviewing our vendor base to ensure that we are partnering with the lowest-cost, most-effective vendors.
6.Throughout this process, we are taking precautions to ensure that our actions do not impede our ability to continue to deliver quality health care, retain existing managed care contracts, and to secure new managed care contracts.
In addition to costs incurred under the Restructuring Plan, in the second quarter of 2017 we recorded costs associated with the separation of our former CEO and former CFO, described in further detail below.
All restructuring and separation costs incurred in the six months ended June 30, 2017, are reported in “Restructuring and separation costs” in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, and are included in the Other segment because they represent corporate costs not allocated to the other reportable segments.
Separation Costs
Separation costs–ongoing benefit arrangements for former executives. We entered into amended and restated employment agreements with our former CEO and former CFO in 2016. On May 2, 2017, their employment was terminated without cause. Under the amended and restated employment agreements, they were each entitled to receive 400% of their base salary, a prorated termination bonus (150% of base salary for the former CEO and 125% of base salary for the former CFO), full vesting of equity compensation, and a cash payment for health and welfare benefits. During the second quarter of 2017, we recorded charges of $35 million for severance primarily related to these former executives. Of this total, $23 million related to the acceleration of their share-based compensation, as further discussed in Note 9, “Stockholders' Equity.” Employee separation costs were insignificant in 2016.
Separation costs–one-time benefit arrangement for workforce reduction. As part of the Restructuring Plan, we are reducing our corporate and health plans workforce by approximately 10%, or 1,500 full-time-equivalent employees. This workforce rightsizing, which represents 7% of the total number of our employees, is expected to be completed by the end of 2017. Affected employees will be offered severance and outplacement assistance. Our board of

directors approved the reduction in our workforce under the Restructuring Plan effective July 27, 2017; as such no amounts were accrued for this termination plan as of June 30, 2017.
Other Restructuring Costs
In the six months ended June 30, 2017, we incurred approximately $8 million in other restructuring costs including primarily consulting fees relating to the operational assessment and restructuring initiatives described above.
The following table summarizes the year-to-date activities related to our Restructuring Plan, the reserve for which is reported in “Accounts payable and accrued liabilities” in the consolidated balance sheets:
 
Separation CostsFormer Executives
 Other Restructuring Costs Total
 (In millions)
Accrued restructuring and separation costs as of December 31, 2016$
 $
 $
Costs recognized35
 8
 43
Cash payments(1) (2) (3)
Other adjustmentsacceleration of share-based compensation
(23) 
 (23)
Accrued restructuring and separation costs as of June 30, 2017$11
 $6
 $17
Expected Costs
We estimate that total pre-tax costs associated with the Restructuring Plan will be approximately $130 million to $150 million for the second half of 2017, with an additional $40 million to be incurred in 2018. We expect these costs to relate only to the Health Plans and Other segments. Other restructuring costs will include primarily consulting fees; costs associated with the restructuring of our direct delivery operations including lease terminations and accelerated depreciation and amortization; and restructuring of various corporate business functions.
The following table illustrates our estimates of costs associated with the Restructuring Plan, which we expect to be completed by the end of 2018, by segment and major type of cost:
Estimated Costs Expected to be Incurred by Reportable SegmentHealth PlansOtherTotal
(In millions)
Separation costs–one-time benefit arrangement for a workforce reduction$25 to $30$35 to $40$60 to $70
Other restructuring costs$55 to $60$55 to $60$110 to $120
$80 to $90$90 to $100$170 to $190

12. Segment Information
We have three reportable segments. These segments includeconsist of our Health Plans segment, which comprisesconstitutes the vast majority of our operations; our Molina Medicaid Solutions segment; and our Other segment, which includes our behavioral health and social services subsidiary, Pathways. As of December 31, 2015, we changed our reporting structure as a result of the Pathways acquisition in November 2015. All prior periods reported conform to this presentation.
segment. Our reportable segments are consistent with how we currently manage ourthe business and view the markets we serve. The Health Plans segment consists of our health plans and our direct delivery business. Our health plans are operating segments that have been aggregated for reporting purposes because they share similar economic characteristics. The Molina Medicaid Solutions segment provides support to state government agencies in the administration of their Medicaid programs including business processing, information technology development, and administrative services. The Other segment includes businesses, such as

our Pathways behavioral health and social services provider, which do not meet the quantitative thresholds for a reportable segment as defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), as well as corporate amounts not allocated to other reportable segments.
Gross margin is the appropriate earnings measure for our reportable segments, based on how our chief operating decision maker currently reviews results, assesses performance, and allocates resources.
Gross margin for our Health Plans segment is referred to as "Medical“Medical margin," and for our Molina Medicaid Solutions and Other segments, as "Service“Service margin." Medical margin represents the amount earned by the Health Plans segment after medical costs are deducted from premium revenue. The medical care ratio represents the amount of medical care costs as a percentage of premium revenue, and is one of the key metrics used to assess the performance of the Health Plans segment. Therefore, the underlying medical margin is the most important measure of earnings reviewed by the chief operating decision maker. The service margin is equal to service revenue minus cost of service revenue.

 Health Plans Molina Medicaid Solutions Other Consolidated Health Plans Molina Medicaid Solutions Other Consolidated
  
 (In millions) (In millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016        
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017        
Total revenue (1) $4,412
 $48
 $86
 $4,546
 $4,868
 $47
 $84
 $4,999
Gross margin 443
 6
 8
 457
 249
 4
 1
 254
Impairment losses 
 
 (72) (72)
Restructuring and separation costs 
 
 (43) (43)
                
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016        
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017        
Total revenue (1) $12,835
 $146
 $267
 $13,248
 9,639
 93
 171
 9,903
Gross margin 1,285
 17
 29
 1,331
 786
 8
 6
 800
Impairment losses 
 
 (72) (72)
Restructuring and separation costs 
 
 (43) (43)
                
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015        
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016        
Total revenue (1) $3,562
 $47
 $2
 $3,611
 4,223
 46
 90
 4,359
Gross margin 361
 13
 
 374
 435
 5
 14
 454
Impairment losses 
 
 
 
Restructuring and separation costs 
 
 
 
                
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015        
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016        
Total revenue (1) $10,155
 $146
 $6
 $10,307
 8,424
 98
 180
 8,702
Gross margin 1,071
 43
 
 1,114
 842
 11
 21
 874
Impairment losses 
 
 
 
Restructuring and separation costs 
 
 
 
                
Total Assets                
September 30, 2016 $5,891
 $267
 $1,412
 $7,570
December 31, 2015 4,707
 213
 1,656
 6,576
June 30, 2017 6,732
 240
 1,611
 8,583
December 31, 2016 5,897
 267
 1,285
 7,449
        
Goodwill, and Intangible Assets, Net        
June 30, 2017 498
 72
 101
 671
December 31, 2016 513
 72
 175
 760
______________________
(1)Total revenue consists primarily of premium revenue, premium tax revenue and health insurer fee revenue for the Health Plans segment, and service revenue for the Molina Medicaid Solutions and Other segments. Inter-segment revenue is insignificant for all periods presented.

The following table reconciles gross margin by segment to consolidated income before income tax expense:
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2016 2015 2016 20152017 2016 2017 2016
(In millions)(In millions)
Gross margin:              
Health Plans$443
 $361
 $1,285
 $1,071
$249
 $435
 $786
 $842
Molina Medicaid Solutions6
 13
 17
 43
4
 5
 8
 11
Other8
 
 29
 
1
 14
 6
 21
Total gross margin457
 374
 1,331
 1,114
254
 454
 800
 874
Add: other operating revenues (1)222
 187
 625
 509
130
 195
 255
 403
Less: other operating expenses (2)(561) (448) (1,644) (1,312)(671) (544) (1,260) (1,083)
Operating income118
 113
 312
 311
Other expenses, net(26) (15) (76) (45)
Income before income tax expense$92
 $98
 $236
 $266
Operating (loss) income(287) 105
 (205) 194
Other expenses (income), net27
 25
 (22) 50
(Loss) income before income taxes$(314) $80
 $(183) $144
______________________
(1)Other operating revenues include premium tax revenue, health insurer fee revenue, investment income and other revenue.
(2)Other operating expenses include general and administrative expenses, premium tax expenses, health insurer fee expenses, and depreciation and amortization.amortization, impairment losses, and restructuring and separation costs.

14.13. Commitments and Contingencies
Regulatory Capital Requirements and Dividend Restrictions
Our health plans, which are operated by our respective wholly owned subsidiaries in those states, are subject to state laws and regulations that, among other things, require the maintenance of minimum levels of statutory capital, as defined by each state. Regulators in some states may also attempt to enforce capital requirements that require the retention of net worth in excess of amounts formally required by statute or regulation. Such statutes, regulations and informal capital requirements also restrict the timing, payment, and amount of dividends and other distributions that may be paid to us as the sole stockholder. To the extent our subsidiaries must comply with these regulations, they may not have the financial flexibility to transfer funds to us. Based on current statutes and regulations, the net assets in these subsidiaries (after intercompany eliminations) which may not be transferable to us in the form of loans, advances, or cash dividends was approximately $1,526 million at June 30, 2017, and $1,492 million at December 31, 2016. Because of the statutory restrictions that inhibit the ability of our health plans to transfer net assets to us, the amount of retained earnings readily available to pay dividends to our stockholders is generally limited to cash, cash equivalents and investments (excluding restricted investments) held by the parent company – Molina Healthcare, Inc. Such cash, cash equivalents and investments (excluding restricted investments) amounted to $165 million and $264 million as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) adopted rules effective December 31, 1998, which, if implemented by the states, set minimum capitalization requirements for insurance companies, HMOs, and other entities bearing risk for health care coverage. The requirements take the form of risk-based capital (RBC) rules which may vary from state to state. All of the states in which our health plans operate, except California, Florida and New York, have adopted these rules. Such requirements, if adopted by California, Florida and New York, may increase the minimum capital required for those states.
As of June 30, 2017, our health plans had aggregate statutory capital and surplus of approximately $1,662 million compared with the required minimum aggregate statutory capital and surplus of approximately $1,118 million. Primarily as a result of the recognition of Marketplace-related premium deficiency reserves discussed in Note 2, “Significant Accounting Policies,” certain of our health plans did not meet the minimum capital requirements on June 30, 2017. We intend to remedy the deficiencies to the satisfaction of our departments of insurance prior to the filing of the statutory financial statements on August 15, 2017. We have the ability, and have committed to provide, additional capital to each of our health plans as necessary to ensure compliance with statutory capital and surplus requirements.

Legal Proceedings.Proceedings
The health care and Medicaid-related business process outsourcing industries are subject to numerous laws and regulations of federal, state, and local governments. Compliance with these laws and regulations can be subject to government review and interpretation, as well as regulatory actions unknown and unasserted at this time. Penalties associated with violations of these laws and regulations include significant fines and penalties, exclusion from participating in publicly funded programs, and the repayment of previously billed and collected revenues.
We are involved in legal actions in the ordinary course of business, some of which seek monetary damages, including claims for punitive damages, which are not covered by insurance. We have accrued liabilities for certain matters for which we deem the loss to be both probable and estimable. Although we believe that our estimates of such losses are reasonable, these estimates could change as a result of further developments of these matters. The outcome of legal actions is inherently uncertain and such pending matters for which accruals have not been established have not progressed sufficiently through discovery and/or development of important factual information and legal issues to enable us to estimate a range of possible loss, if any. While it is not possible to accurately predict or determine the eventual outcomes of these items, an adverse determination in one or more of these pending matters could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
State of Louisiana.Marketplace Risk Corridor Program. On January 19, 2017, we filed suit against the United States of America in the United States Court of Federal Claims, Case Number 1:55-cv-01000-UNJ, on behalf of our health plans seeking recovery from the federal government of approximately $52 million in Marketplace risk corridor payments for calendar year 2015. Based upon current estimates, we believe our health plans are also owed approximately $76 million in Marketplace risk corridor payments from the federal government for calendar year 2016, and a further nominal amount for calendar year 2014. Our lawsuit seeks recovery of all of these unpaid amounts. We have not recognized revenue, nor have we recorded a receivable, for any amount due from the federal government for unpaid Marketplace risk corridor payments as of June 26, 2014,30, 2017. We have fully recognized all liabilities due to the statefederal government that we have incurred under the Marketplace risk corridor program, and have paid all amounts due to the federal government as required.
Rodriguez v. Providence Community Corrections. On October 1, 2015, seven individuals, on behalf of Louisianathemselves and all others similarly situated, filed a Petition for Damages against Molina Medicaid Solutions, Molina Healthcare, Inc., Unisys, and Paramax Systems Corporation, a subsidiary of Unisys,complaint in the Parish of Baton Rouge, 19th Judicial District versus number 631612. The Petition alleges that between 1989 and 2012, the defendants utilized an incorrect reimbursement formulaCourt for the paymentMiddle District of pharmaceutical claims. We believeTennessee, Nashville Division, Case No. 3:15-cv-01048 (the Rodriquez Litigation), against Providence Community Corrections, Inc. (now known as Pathways Community Corrections, Inc., or PCC). Rutherford County, Tennessee formerly contracted with PCC for the administration of misdemeanor probation, which involved the collection of court costs and fees from probationers. The complaint alleges, among other things, that PCC illegally assessed fees and surcharges against probationers and made improper threats of arrest and probation revocation if the probationers did not pay such amounts. The plaintiffs in the Rodriguez Litigation seek alleged compensatory, treble, and punitive damages, plus attorneys’ fees, for alleged federal and state constitutional violations, as well as alleged violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act. PCC’s agreement with Rutherford County terminated effective March 31, 2016. On November 1, 2015, one month after the Rodriguez Litigation commenced, we acquired PCC from The Providence Service Corporation (Providence) pursuant to a membership interest purchase agreement. In September 2016, the parties to the Rodriguez Litigation accepted a mediation proposal for settlement pursuant to which PCC and Rutherford County would pay the plaintiffs $14 million and $3 million, respectively. The parties are in the process of finalizing the settlement agreement. We expect to recover the full amount of the settlement under the indemnification provisions of the membership interest purchase agreement with the state, this matter will be dismissed against Molina Medicaid Solutions with no liability.Providence.
United States of America, ex rel., Anita Silingo v. Mobile Medical Examination Services, Inc., et al. On or around October 14, 2014, Molina Healthcare of California, Molina Healthcare of California Partner Plan, Inc., Mobile Medical Examination Services, Inc. (MedXM), and other health plan defendants were served with a Complaint previously filed under seal in the Central District Court of California by Relator, Anita Silingo, Case No. SACV13-1348-FMO(SHx). The Complaint alleges that MedXM improperly modified medical records and otherwise took inappropriate steps to increase members’ risk adjustment scores, and that the defendants, including Molina Healthcare of California and Molina Healthcare of California Partner Plan, Inc., purportedly turned a “blind eye” to these unlawful practices. On October 22, 2015, the Relator filed a third amended complaint.complaint, seeking general and compensatory damages, treble damages, civil penalties, plus interest and attorneys’ fees. On July 11, 2016, the District Court dismissed with prejudice the third amended complaint, without leave to amend. On September 23, 2016, the plaintiff filed an appeal with the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.
Rodriguez v. Providence Community Corrections.  On October 1, 2015, seven individuals, on behalf of themselves The appeal has been fully briefed by the parties and all others similarly situated, filed a complaint inwe are awaiting the District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee, Nashville Division, Case No. 3:15-cv-01048 (the Rodriquez Litigation), against Providence Community Corrections, Inc. (now known as Pathways Community Corrections, Inc., or PCC). Rutherford County, Tennessee formerly contracted with PCC for the administration ofCourt’s decision.

misdemeanor probation, which involved the collection of court costs and fees from probationers. The complaint alleges, among other things, that PCC illegally assessed fees and surcharges against probationers and made improper threats of arrest and probation revocation if the probationers did not pay such amounts. The plaintiffs in the Rodriguez Litigation seek alleged compensatory, treble, and punitive damages, plus attorneys’ fees, for alleged federal and state constitutional violations, as well as alleged violations of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization Act. PCC’s agreement with Rutherford County terminated effective December 29, 2015. On November 1, 2015, one month after the Rodriguez Litigation had been commenced, we acquired PCC from The Providence Service Corporation (Providence) pursuant to a membership interest purchase agreement. In September 2016, the parties to the Rodriguez Litigation accepted a mediation proposal for settlement pursuant to which PCC would pay the plaintiffs $14 million. The parties are in the process of finalizing the settlement agreement. We expect to recover the full amount of the settlement under the indemnification provisions of the membership interest purchase agreement with Providence.States’ Budgets
Provider Claims.Many of our medical contracts are complex in nature and may be subject to differing interpretations regarding amounts due for the provision of various services. Such differing interpretations have led certain medical providers to pursue us for additional compensation. The claims made by providers in such circumstances often involve issues of contract compliance, interpretation, payment methodology, and intent. These claims often extend to services provided by the providers over a number of years.
Various providers have contacted us seeking additional compensation for claims that we believe to have been settled. These matters, when finally concluded and determined, will not, in our opinion, have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
States' Budgets. From time to time the states in which our health plans operate may experience financial difficulties, which could lead to delays in premium payments. For example,Until July 4, 2017, the state of Illinois is currently operating underoperated without a stopgap budget that expires in January 2017. It is unclear when or if the state's budget difficulties will be resolved.for its current fiscal year. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, our Illinois health plan served approximately 195,000163,000 members, and recognized premium revenue of approximately $310 million in the first half of 2017. As of July 28, 2017, the state of Illinois owed us approximately $116 million for certain March, April, May and June 2017 premiums.
On May 3, 2017, Puerto Rico’s financial oversight board filed for a form of bankruptcy in the U.S. District Court in Puerto Rico under Title III of PROMESA. The Title III provision allows for a court debt restructuring process similar to U.S. bankruptcy protection. To the extent such bankruptcy results in our failure to receive payment of amounts due under our Medicaid contract with the Commonwealth or the inability of the Commonwealth to extend our Medicaid contract at the end of its current term, such bankruptcy could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations. As of June 30, 2017, the plan served approximately 322,000 members and recorded premium revenue of approximately $466$362 million forin the nine months ended September 30, 2016.first half of 2017. As of October 24, 2016, the state of Illinois owed us approximately $43 million for May and June 2016 premiums.
In another example,July 28, 2017, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico's fiscal plan, issued on October 14, 2016, reported that current revenues are insufficient to support existing current operations and debt service. While the Commonwealth reports that it will prioritize health care spending, it stresses the need to address the cap on federal matching funds it receives for its participation in the Medicaid program. Among the fiscal issues expected to further exacerbate the Commonwealth's current debt crisis is the depletion of ACA funds, estimated to occur in the Commonwealth's fiscal year 2018. As of September 30, 2016, our Puerto Rico health plan served approximately 331,000 members and recorded premium revenue of approximately $535 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. As of October 24, 2016, the Commonwealth iswas current with its premium payments.
Regulatory Capital and Dividend Restrictions. Our health plans, which are operated by our respective wholly owned subsidiaries in those states, are subject to state laws and regulations that, among other things, require the maintenance of minimum levels of statutory capital, as defined by each state. Regulators in some states may also attempt to enforce capital requirements upon us that require the retention of net worth in excess of amounts formally required by statute or regulation. Such statutes, regulations and informal capital requirements also restrict the timing, payment, and amount of dividends and other distributions that may be paid to us as the sole stockholder. To the extent our subsidiaries must comply with these regulations, they may not have the financial flexibility to transfer funds to us.
Based on current statutes and regulations, the net assets in these subsidiaries (after intercompany eliminations) which may not be transferable to us in the form of loans, advances, or cash dividends was approximately $1,406 million at September 30, 2016, and $1,229 million at December 31, 2015. Because of the statutory restrictions that inhibit the ability of our health plans to transfer net assets to us, the amount of retained earnings readily available to pay dividends to our stockholders is generally limited to cash, cash equivalents and investments held by the parent company – Molina Healthcare, Inc. Such cash, cash equivalents and investments amounted to $388 million and $612 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) adopted rules effective December 31, 1998, which, if implemented by the states, set minimum capitalization requirements for insurance companies, HMOs, and other entities bearing risk for health care coverage. The requirements take the form of risk-based capital (RBC) rules which may vary from state to state.
As of September 30, 2016, our health plans had aggregate statutory capital and surplus of approximately $1,510 million compared with the required minimum aggregate statutory capital and surplus of approximately $857 million. All of our health plans were in compliance with the minimum capital requirements at September 30, 2016. We have the ability and commitment to provide additional capital to each of our health plans when necessary to ensure that statutory capital and surplus continue to meet regulatory requirements.

15.14. Related Party Transactions
Our California health plan has entered into a provider agreement with Pacific Healthcare IPA (Pacific), which is 50% owned by the brother-in-law of Dr. J. Mario Molina and John C. Molina, who are members of our board of directors. Under the terms of this provider agreement, the California health plan pays Pacific for medical care Pacific provides to health plan members. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the amounts paid to Pacific were insignificant.
Refer to Note 16, "Variable15, “Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)," for a discussion of the Joseph M. Molina, M.D. Professional Corporations.

16.15. Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)
Joseph M. Molina M.D., Professional Corporations
The Joseph M. Molina, M.D. Professional Corporations (JMMPC) were created to further advance our direct delivery business. JMMPC'sOn August 2, 2017, we announced plans to restructure our direct delivery operations.
JMMPC’s primary shareholder is Dr. J. Mario Molina, our chief executive officer, president, and chairmanwho is a member of theour board of directors. Dr. Molina is paid no salary and receives no dividends in connection with his work for, or ownership of, JMMPC. JMMPC provides primary care medical services through its employed physicians and other medical professionals. JMMPC also provides certain specialty referral services to our California health plan members through a contracted provider network. Substantially all of the individuals served by JMMPC are members of our California, Florida, New Mexico, Utah, and Washington health plans. These health plans had entered into primary care services agreements with JMMPC, under which the health plans paid $29 million and $31 million to JMMPC for health care services provided in the three months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the health plans paid JMMPC $60 million and $61 million, respectively. JMMPC does not have agreements to provide professional medical services with any other entities.
Our wholly owned subsidiary, Molina Medical Management, Inc. (MMM), hashad also entered into services agreements with JMMPC to provide clinic facilities, clinic administrative support staff, patient scheduling services and medical supplies to JMMPC. The services agreements were designed such that JMMPC will operateoperated at break even, ensuring the availability of quality care and access for our health plan members. The services agreements providefurther provided that the administrative fees charged to JMMPC by MMM arewere reviewed annually to assure the achievement of this goal.
Separately, our California, Florida, New Mexico, Utah and Washington health plans have entered into primary care services agreements with JMMPC. These agreements direct our health plans to perform a monthly reconciliation, to either fund JMMPC's operating deficits, or receive JMMPC's operating surpluses, such that JMMPC will derive no profit or loss. Because the MMM services agreements described above mitigate the likelihood For each of significant operating deficits or surpluses, such monthly reconciliation amounts are generally insignificant. For the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, JMMPC paid $13 million to MMM for clinic administrative services. For the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2015, our health plans2016, JMMPC paid $31$26 million and $28$27 million, respectively, to JMMPCMMM for health care services provided by JMMPC to the health plans' members. For the nine months ended Septemberclinic administrative services.
As of June 30, 2016 and 2015, our health plans paid $92 million and $80 million, respectively, to JMMPC for health care services provided by JMMPC to the health plans' members.
We have2017, we determined that JMMPC is a VIE, and that we are its primary beneficiary. We have reached this conclusion under the power and benefits criterion model according to GAAP. Specifically, we havehad the power to direct the activities (excluding clinical decisions) that most significantly affect JMMPC'saffected JMMPC’s economic performance, and the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits that arewere potentially significant to the VIE, under the agreements described above. Because we arewere its primary beneficiary, we have consolidated JMMPC. JMMPC'sJMMPC’s assets may be used to settle only JMMPC'sJMMPC’s obligations, and JMMPC'sJMMPC’s creditors have no recourse to the general credit of

Molina Healthcare, Inc. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016, JMMPC had total assets of $16 million, and total liabilities of $15 million. As of December 31, 2015,2017, JMMPC had total assets of $17 million, and total liabilities of $17$18 million. As of December 31, 2016, JMMPC had total assets of $18 million, and total liabilities of $18 million.
Our maximum exposure to loss as a result of our involvement with JMMPC iswas generally limited to the amounts needed to fund JMMPC'sJMMPC’s ongoing payroll, employee benefits and medical care costs associated with JMMPC'sJMMPC’s specialty referral activities. We believe that such loss exposures will be immaterial to our consolidated operating results and cash flows for the foreseeable future.

17.16. Supplemental Condensed Consolidating Financial Information

As discussedThe 5.375% Notes described in Note 10, "Debt," on November 10, 2015, we completed the private offering of $700 million aggregate principal amount of 5.375% Notes. In connection with their issuance and sale, we entered into a registration rights agreement to exchange the 5.375% Notes for registered notes having substantially identical terms, including guarantees. Such exchange was completed on September 16, 2016.

The 5.375% Notes7, “Debt,” are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by certain of our wholly100% owned subsidiaries on a joint and several basis, with certain exceptions considered customary for such guarantees. The 5.375% Notes and the guarantees are effectively subordinated to all of our and our guarantors’ existing and future secured debt of us and our guarantors to the extent of the assets securing such debt. In addition, the 5.375% Notes and the guarantees are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities and preferred stock, if any, of our subsidiaries that do not guarantee the 5.375% Notes.

As discussed in Note 7, “Debt,” the First Amendment to the Credit Facility provided that all guarantors immediately prior to January 3, 2017, other than Molina Information Systems, LLC, d/b/a Molina Medicaid Solutions, Molina Pathways, LLC, and Pathways Health and Community Support LLC, were automatically and unconditionally released from their obligations as guarantors under the Credit Facility and the 5.375% Notes.
The following condensed consolidating financial statements present Molina Healthcare, Inc. (as parent guarantor), the subsidiary guarantors, the subsidiary non-guarantors and eliminations. These condensed consolidating financial statements have been prepared and presented in accordance with SEC Regulation S-X Rule 3-10, "Financial Statements of Guarantors and Issuers of Guaranteed Securities Registered or Being Registered."eliminations, according to the guarantor structure as assessed at the most recent balance sheet date, June 30, 2017.

MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Revenue:         
Total revenue$289
 $51
 $4,952
 $(293) $4,999
Expenses:         
Medical care costs3
 
 4,488
 
 4,491
Cost of service revenue
 43
 81
 
 124
General and administrative expenses258
 7
 433
 (293) 405
Premium tax expenses
 
 114
 
 114
Depreciation and amortization25
 
 12
 
 37
Impairment losses
 
 72
 
 72
Restructuring and separation costs43
 
 
 
 43
Total operating expenses329
 50
 5,200
 (293) 5,286
Operating (loss) income(40) 1
 (248) 
 (287)
Interest expense27
 
 
 
 27
(Loss) income before income taxes(67) 1
 (248) 
 (314)
Income tax benefit(14) 
 (70) 
 (84)
Net (loss) income before equity in net losses of subsidiaries(53) 1
 (178) 
 (230)
Equity in net losses of subsidiaries(177) (64) 
 241
 
Net loss$(230) $(63) $(178) $241
 $(230)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETSTATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
 September 30, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
ASSETS
Current assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$125
 $37
 $2,680
 $
 $2,842
Investments263
 
 1,472
 
 1,735
Receivables3
 84
 966
 
 1,053
Due from (to) affiliates98
 (5) (93) 
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets51
 37
 82
 (1) 169
Derivative asset314
 
 
 
 314
Total current assets854
 153
 5,107
 (1) 6,113
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net300
 69
 81
 
 450
Deferred contract costs
 83
 
 
 83
Intangible assets, net7
 21
 121
 
 149
Goodwill51
 231
 337
 
 619
Restricted investments
 
 116
 
 116
Investment in subsidiaries2,526
 1
 
 (2,527) 
Other assets47
 4
 5
 (16) 40
 $3,785
 $562
 $5,767
 $(2,544) $7,570
          
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:         
Medical claims and benefits payable$
 $
 $1,871
 $
 $1,871
Amounts due government agencies
 
 1,232
 
 1,232
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities146
 53
 185
 (1) 383
Deferred revenue
 42
 338
 
 380
Income taxes payable(13) (5) 37
 
 19
Current portion of long-term debt466
 
 
 
 466
Derivative liability314
 
 
 
 314
Total current liabilities913
 90
 3,663
 (1) 4,665
Long-term debt1,169
 
 16
 (16) 1,169
Deferred income taxes(7) 41
 (28) 
 6
Other long-term liabilities19
 2
 18
 
 39
Total liabilities2,094
 133
 3,669
 (17) 5,879
Total stockholders’ equity1,691
 429
 2,098
 (2,527) 1,691
 $3,785
 $562
 $5,767
 $(2,544) $7,570
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Net loss$(230) $(63) $(178) $241
 $(230)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax
 
 
 
 
Comprehensive loss$(230) $(63) $(178) $241
 $(230)


MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET
 December 31, 2015
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
ASSETS
Current assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$360
 $42
 $1,927
 $
 $2,329
Investments252
 
 1,549
 
 1,801
Receivables
 79
 518
 
 597
Income tax refundable7
 3
 3
 
 13
Intercompany86
 (4) (82) 
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets46
 11
 136
 (1) 192
Derivative asset374
 
 
 
 374
Total current assets1,125
 131
 4,051
 (1) 5,306
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net267
 52
 74
 
 393
Deferred contract costs
 81
 
 
 81
Goodwill and intangible assets, net61
 246
 334
 
 641
Restricted investments
 
 109
 
 109
Investment in subsidiaries, net2,205
 1
 
 (2,206) 
Deferred income taxes23
 (35) 30
 
 18
Other assets36
 2
 6
 (16) 28
 $3,717
 $478
 $4,604
 $(2,223) $6,576
          
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:         
Medical claims and benefits payable$
 $3
 $1,682
 $
 $1,685
Amounts due government agencies
 1
 728
 
 729
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities157
 35
 170
 
 362
Deferred revenue
 34
 189
 
 223
Current portion of long-term debt449
 
 
 
 449
Derivative liability374
 
 
 
 374
Total current liabilities980
 73
 2,769
 
 3,822
Long-term debt1,160
 
 16
 (16) 1,160
Other long-term liabilities20
 2
 16
 (1) 37
Total liabilities2,160
 75
 2,801
 (17) 5,019
Total stockholders’ equity1,557
 403
 1,803
 (2,206) 1,557
 $3,717
 $478
 $4,604
 $(2,223) $6,576


MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF INCOME
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Revenue:         
Total revenue$274
 $135
 $4,424
 $(287) $4,546
Expenses:         
Medical care costs19
 15
 3,727
 (13) 3,748
Cost of service revenue
 109
 10
 
 119
General and administrative expenses223
 5
 389
 (274) 343
Premium tax expenses
 
 127
 
 127
Health insurer fee expenses
 
 55
 
 55
Depreciation and amortization25
 4
 7
 
 36
Total operating expenses267
 133
 4,315
 (287) 4,428
Operating income7
 2
 109
 
 118
Interest expense26
 
 
 
 26
(Loss) income before income taxes(19) 2
 109
 
 92
Income tax (benefit) expense4
 (3) 49
 
 50
Net (loss) income before equity in earnings of subsidiaries(23) 5
 60
 
 42
Equity in net earnings of subsidiaries65
 
 
 (65) 
Net income$42
 $5
 $60
 $(65) $42
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations ConsolidatedParent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
(In millions)(In millions)
Revenue:                  
Total revenue$234
 $60
 $3,563
 $(246) $3,611
$261
 $47
 $4,311
 $(260) $4,359
Expenses:                  
Medical care costs14
 9
 3,005
 (12) 3,016
19
 
 3,575
 
 3,594
Cost of service revenue
 34
 
 
 34

 23
 93
 
 116
General and administrative expenses200
 8
 313
 (234) 287
219
 24
 368
 (260) 351
Premium tax expenses
 
 99
 
 99

 
 109
 
 109
Health insurer fee expenses
 
 36
 
 36

 
 50
 
 50
Depreciation and amortization21
 1
 4
 
 26
23
 1
 10
 
 34
Total operating expenses235
 52
 3,457
 (246) 3,498
261
 48
 4,205
 (260) 4,254
Operating (loss) income(1) 8
 106
 
 113

 (1) 106
 
 105
Interest expense15
 
 
 
 15
25
 
 
 
 25
(Loss) income before income taxes(16) 8
 106
 
 98
(25) (1) 106
 
 80
Income tax (benefit) expense3
 3
 46
 
 52
(12) (1) 60
 
 47
Net (loss) income before equity in earnings of subsidiaries(19) 5
 60
 
 46
Net (loss) income before equity in net earnings of subsidiaries(13) 
 46
 
 33
Equity in net earnings of subsidiaries65
 (1) 
 (64) 
46
 1
 
 (47) 
Net income$46
 $4
 $60
 $(64) $46
$33
 $1
 $46
 $(47) $33









MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF INCOME

 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Revenue:         
Total revenue$786
 $412
 $12,874
 $(824) $13,248
Expenses:         
Medical care costs50
 37
 10,884
 (41) 10,930
Cost of service revenue
 330
 32
 
 362
General and administrative expenses659
 28
 1,130
 (783) 1,034
Premium tax expenses
 
 345
 
 345
Health insurer fee expenses
 
 163
 
 163
Depreciation and amortization70
 10
 22
 
 102
Total expenses779
 405
 12,576
 (824) 12,936
Operating income7
 7
 298
 
 312
Interest expense76
 
 
 
 76
(Loss) income before income taxes(69) 7
 298
 
 236
Income tax (benefit) expense(24) (1) 162
 
 137
Net (loss) income before equity in earnings of subsidiaries(45) 8
 136
 
 99
Equity in net earnings of subsidiaries144
 
 
 (144) 
Net income$99
 $8
 $136
 $(144) $99
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Revenue:         
Total revenue$677
 $183
 $10,159
 $(712) $10,307
Expenses:         
Medical care costs40
 26
 8,552
 (37) 8,581
Cost of service revenue
 103
 
 
 103
General and administrative expenses577
 23
 905
 (675) 830
Premium tax expenses
 
 289
 
 289
Health insurer fee expenses
 
 117
 
 117
Depreciation and amortization62
 2
 12
 
 76
Total expenses679
 154
 9,875
 (712) 9,996
Operating (loss) income(2) 29
 284
 
 311
Interest expense45
 
 
 
 45
(Loss) income before income taxes(47) 29
 284
 
 266
Income tax (benefit) expense(4) 11
 146
 
 153
Net (loss) income before equity in earnings of subsidiaries(43) 18
 138
 
 113
Equity in net earnings of subsidiaries156
 (1) 
 (155) 
Net income$113
 $17
 $138
 $(155) $113


MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
          
 (In millions)
Net income$33
 $1
 $46
 $(47) $33
Other comprehensive income, net of tax2
 
 2
 (2) 2
Comprehensive income$35
 $1
 $48
 $(49) $35

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Net income$42
 $5
 $60
 $(65) $42
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax(1) 
 (1) 1
 (1)
Comprehensive income$41
 $5
 $59
 $(64) $41
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Revenue:         
Total revenue$630
 $99
 $9,809
 $(635) $9,903
Expenses:         
Medical care costs7
 
 8,595
 
 8,602
Cost of service revenue
 85
 161
 
 246
General and administrative expenses555
 14
 910
 (635) 844
Premium tax expenses
 
 225
 
 225
Depreciation and amortization52
 
 24
 
 76
Impairment losses
 
 72
 
 72
Restructuring and separation costs43
 
 
 
 43
Total operating expenses657
 99
 9,987
 (635) 10,108
Operating loss(27) 
 (178) 
 (205)
Interest expense53
 
 
 
 53
Other income, net(75) 
 
 
 (75)
Loss before income taxes(5) 
 (178) 
 (183)
Income tax expense (benefit)17
 
 (47) 
 (30)
Net loss before equity in net losses of subsidiaries(22) 
 (131) 
 (153)
Equity in net losses of subsidiaries(131) (66) 
 197
 
Net loss$(153) $(66) $(131) $197
 $(153)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
 Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Net income$46
 $4
 $60
 $(64) $46
Other comprehensive income, net of tax2
 
 1
 (1) 2
Comprehensive income$48
 $4
 $61
 $(65) $48
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Net loss$(153) $(66) $(131) $197
 $(153)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax1
 
 1
 (1) 1
Comprehensive loss$(152) $(66) $(130) $196
 $(152)

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF INCOME
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Net income$99
 $8
 $136
 $(144) $99
Other comprehensive income, net of tax7
 
 6
 (6) 7
Comprehensive income$106
 $8
 $142
 $(150) $106
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
Revenue:         
Total revenue$512
 $99
 $8,601
 $(510) $8,702
Expenses:         
Medical care costs31
 
 7,151
 
 7,182
Cost of service revenue
 88
 155
 
 243
General and administrative expenses436
 9
 756
 (510) 691
Premium tax expenses
 
 218
 
 218
Health insurer fee expenses
 
 108
 
 108
Depreciation and amortization45
 3
 18
 
 66
Total operating expenses512
 100
 8,406
 (510) 8,508
Operating (loss) income
 (1) 195
 
 194
Interest expense50
 
 
 
 50
(Loss) income before income taxes(50) (1) 195
 
 144
Income tax (benefit) expense(28) (1) 116
 
 87
Net (loss) income before equity in earnings of subsidiaries(22) 
 79
 
 57
Equity in net earnings of subsidiaries79
 3
 
 (82) 
Net income$57
 $3
 $79
 $(82) $57

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations ConsolidatedParent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
(In millions)(In millions)
Net income$113
 $17
 $138
 $(155) $113
$57
 $3
 $79
 $(82) $57
Other comprehensive income, net of tax1
 
 
 
 1
8
 
 7
 (7) 8
Comprehensive income$114
 $17
 $138
 $(155) $114
$65
 $3
 $86
 $(89) $65


MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
 June 30, 2017
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
ASSETS
Current assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$109
 $32
 $2,838
 $
 $2,979
Investments56
 
 2,136
 
 2,192
Restricted investments325
 
 
 
 325
Receivables2
 30
 974
 
 1,006
Income taxes refundable7
 1
 60
 
 68
Due from (to) affiliates137
 (6) (131) 
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets70
 21
 68
 
 159
Derivative asset440
 
 
 
 440
Total current assets1,146
 78
 5,945
 
 7,169
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net297
 47
 105
 
 449
Deferred contract costs
 93
 
 
 93
Goodwill and intangible assets, net56
 72
 543
 
 671
Restricted investments
 
 118
 
 118
Investment in subsidiaries, net2,597
 181
 
 (2,778) 
Deferred income taxes10
 (43) 79
 (10) 36
Other assets55
 2
 6
 (16) 47
 $4,161
 $430
 $6,796
 $(2,804) $8,583
          
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:         
Medical claims and benefits payable$
 $
 $2,077
 $
 $2,077
Amounts due government agencies
 
 1,844
 
 1,844
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities170
 35
 170
 
 375
Deferred revenue
 49
 235
 
 284
Current portion of long-term debt773
 
 
 
 773
Derivative liability440
 
 
 
 440
Total current liabilities1,383
 84
 4,326
 
 5,793
Long-term debt1,215
 
 16
 (16) 1,215
Deferred income taxes10
 
 
 (10) 
Other long-term liabilities32
 1
 21
 
 54
Total liabilities2,640
 85
 4,363
 (26) 7,062
Total stockholders’ equity1,521
 345
 2,433
 (2,778) 1,521
 $4,161
 $430
 $6,796
 $(2,804) $8,583


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEETS
 December 31, 2016
 Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
 (In millions)
ASSETS
Current assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$86
 $6
 $2,727
 $
 $2,819
Investments178
 
 1,580
 
 1,758
Receivables2
 34
 938
 
 974
Income tax refundable17
 4
 18
 
 39
Due from (to) affiliates104
 (5) (99) 
 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets58
 30
 43
 
 131
Derivative asset267
 
 
 
 267
Total current assets712
 69
 5,207
 
 5,988
Property, equipment, and capitalized software, net301
 46
 107
 
 454
Deferred contract costs
 86
 
 
 86
Goodwill and intangible assets, net58
 73
 629
 
 760
Restricted investments
 
 110
 
 110
Investment in subsidiaries, net2,609
 246
 
 (2,855) 
Deferred income taxes10
 
 
 
 10
Other assets48
 3
 6
 (16) 41
 $3,738
 $523
 $6,059
 $(2,871) $7,449
          
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:         
Medical claims and benefits payable$1
 $
 $1,928
 $
 $1,929
Amounts due government agencies
 
 1,202
 
 1,202
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities146
 34
 205
 
 385
Deferred revenue
 40
 275
 
 315
Current portion of long-term debt472
 
 
 
 472
Derivative liability267
 
 
 
 267
Total current liabilities886
 74
 3,610
 
 4,570
Long-term debt1,173
 
 16
 (16) 1,173
Deferred income taxes11
 39
 (35) 
 15
Other long-term liabilities19
 1
 22
 
 42
Total liabilities2,089
 114
 3,613
 (16) 5,800
Total stockholders’ equity1,649
 409
 2,446
 (2,855) 1,649
 $3,738
 $523
 $6,059
 $(2,871) $7,449


CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations ConsolidatedParent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
(In millions)(In millions)
Operating activities:                  
Net cash provided by operating activities$43
 35
 555
 
 $633
$90
 $44
 $538
 $
 $672
Investing activities:                  
Purchases of investments(114) 
 (1,330) 
 (1,444)(330) 
 (1,306) 
 (1,636)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments103
 
 1,409
 
 1,512
127
 
 747
 
 874
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software(102) (28) (13) 
 (143)(45) (9) (6) 
 (60)
Decrease in restricted investments
 
 4
 
 4
Net cash paid in business combinations
 (11) (37) 
 (48)
Capital contributions to subsidiaries(221) 18
 203
 
 
Dividends received from subsidiaries50
 
 (50) 
 
Increase in restricted investments held-to-maturity
 
 (10) 
 (10)
Capital contributions to/from subsidiaries(238) 2
 236
 
 
Dividends to/from subsidiaries120
 
 (120) 
 
Change in amounts due to/from affiliates(12) 1
 11
 
 
(34) 2
 32
 
 
Other, net6
 (19) 1
 
 (12)
 (13) 
 
 (13)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities(290) (39) 198
 
 (131)
Net cash used in investing activities(400) (18) (427) 
 (845)
Financing activities:                  
Proceeds from senior notes offerings, net of issuance costs325
 
 
 
 325
Proceeds from employee stock plans10
 
 
 
 10
11
 
 
 
 11
Other, net2
 (1) 
 
 1
(3) 
 
 
 (3)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities12
 (1) 
 
 11
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(235) (5) 753
 
 513
Net cash provided by financing activities333
 
 
 
 333
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents23
 26
 111
 
 160
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period360
 42
 1,927
 
 2,329
86
 6
 2,727
 
 2,819
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$125
 $37
 $2,680
 $
 $2,842
$109
 $32
 $2,838
 $
 $2,979



CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Parent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations ConsolidatedParent Guarantor Other Guarantors Non-Guarantors Eliminations Consolidated
(In millions)(In millions)
Operating activities:                  
Net cash provided by operating activities$93
 70
 743
 
 $906
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities$(21) $20
 $279
 $
 $278
Investing activities:                  
Purchases of investments(23) 
 (1,288) 
 (1,311)(67) 
 (907) 
 (974)
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments90
 
 773
 
 863
67
 
 745
 
 812
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalized software(68) (19) (14) 
 (101)(73) (19) (10) 
 (102)
Decrease in restricted investments
 5
 (10) 
 (5)
Decrease in restricted investments held-to-maturity
 
 5
 
 5
Net cash paid in business combinations
 
 (77) 
 (77)
 (1) (7) 
 (8)
Capital contributions to subsidiaries(167) 3
 164
 
 
Dividends received from subsidiaries42
 (17) (25) 
 
Capital contributions to/from subsidiaries(106) 2
 104
 
 
Dividends to/from subsidiaries50
 
 (50) 
 
Change in amounts due to/from affiliates(15) 
 15
 
 
(13) 2
 11
 
 
Other, net(1) (25) (8) 
 (34)5
 (12) 1
 
 (6)
Net cash used in investing activities(142) (53) (470) 
 (665)(137) (28) (108) 
 (273)
Financing activities:                  
Proceeds from common stock offering, net of issuance costs373
 
 
 
 373
Proceeds from employee stock plans8
 
 
 
 8
10
 
 
 
 10
Other, net3
 
 
 
 3
2
 
 (1) 
 1
Net cash provided by financing activities384
 
 
 
 384
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents335
 17
 273
 
 625
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities12
 
 (1) 
 11
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(146) (8) 170
 
 16
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period75
 15
 1,449
 
 1,539
360
 13
 1,956
 
 2,329
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$410
 $32
 $1,722
 $
 $2,164
$214
 $5
 $2,126
 $
 $2,345

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (MD&A)
Item 2.    Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward Looking StatementsFORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Reportquarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements regarding our business, financial condition, and results of operations within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, or Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or Securities Exchange Act. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and we are including this statement for purposes of complying with these safe harbor provisions. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this Quarterly Reportquarterly report may be deemed to be forward-looking statements for purposes of the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act. Without limiting the foregoing, we use the words “anticipate(s),” “believe(s),” “estimate(s),” “expect(s),” “intend(s),” “may,” “plan(s),” “project(s),” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. We cannot guarantee that we will actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements and, accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. There are a number of important factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. You should read these factors and the other cautionary statements as being applicable to all related forward-looking statements wherever they appear in this Quarterly Report. Any forward-looking statement made by us in this Quarterly Report is based only on information currently available to us and speaks only as of the date on which it is made.quarterly report. We caution you that we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements made by us. Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results in future periods to differ materially from those projected, estimated, expected, or contemplated. Those known risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:
the success of our profit improvementthe Restructuring Plan, including the timing of the benefits realized;
the numerous political and cost-cutting initiatives;
market-based uncertainties and evolving market and provider economics associated with the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (the “ACA”), or “Obamacare,” including any potential repeal and replacement of the Medicaid expansion,law, amendment of the insurance marketplaces, the effect of various implementing regulations, and uncertainties regarding the Medicare-Medicaid dual eligible demonstration programs in California, Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, South Carolina, and Texas;law, or move to state block grants for Medicaid;
the market dynamics surrounding the ACA Marketplaces, including but not limited to uncertainties associated with risk transfer requirements, the potential for disproportionate enrollment of higher acuity members, the withdrawal of cost sharing subsidies and/or premium tax credits, the adequacy of agreed rates, and potential disruption associated with market withdrawal;
subsequent adjustments to reported premium revenue based upon subsequent developments or new information, including changes to estimated amounts payable or receivable related to Marketplace risk adjustment/risk transfer, risk corridors, and reinsurance;
effective management of our medical costs, including our ability to reduce over time the high medical costs commonly associated with new patient populations;
costs;
our ability to predict with a reasonable degree of accuracy utilization rates, including utilization rates in new plans, geographies, and programs where we have less experience with patient and provider populations, and also including utilization rates associated with seasonal flu patterns or other newly emergent diseases;
significant budget pressures on state governments and their potential inability to maintain current rates, to implement expected rate increases, or to maintain existing benefit packages or membership eligibility thresholds or criteria, including the payment of all amounts due to our Illinois health plan following the resolution of the Illinois budget impasse;
the success of our efforts to retain existing government contracts, including those in Florida, Illinois, New Mexico, Puerto Rico, and Texas, and to obtain new government contracts in connection with state requests for proposals (RFPs) in both existing and new states;
any adverse impact resulting from the significant changes to our executive leadership team and the rightsizing of our workforce;
the impact of our decision to exit the Utah and Wisconsin ACA Marketplace markets effective December 31, 2017;
our ability to manage growth,our operations, including maintaining and creating adequate internal systems and controls relating to authorizations, approvals, provider payments, and the overall success of our care management initiatives;
our ability to consummate and realize benefits from proposed acquisitions including the pending Aetna-Humana Medicare Advantage divestiture transaction;or divestitures;

our receipt of adequate premium rates to support increasing pharmacy costs, including costs associated with specialty drugs and costs resulting from formulary changes that allow the option of higher-priced non-generic drugs;
our ability to operate profitably in an environment where the trend in premium rate increases lags behind the trend in increasing medical costs;
the interpretation and implementation of federal or state medical cost expenditure floors, administrative cost and profit ceilings, premium stabilization programs, profit sharing arrangements, and risk adjustment provisions;
our estimates of amounts owed for such cost expenditure floors, administrative cost and profit ceilings, premium stabilization programs, profit-sharing arrangements, and risk adjustment provisions, including but not limited to cost-plus reimbursement for retroactively eligible members in New Mexico, provisions;
the Medicaid expansion cost corridors in California, New Mexico, and Washington, and any other retroactive adjustment to revenue where methodologies and procedures are subject to interpretation or are at least partially dependent upon information about the health status of state or federal program participants who are notother than Molina members;
the interpretation and implementation of at-risk premium rules and state contract performance requirements regarding the achievement of certain quality measures, and our ability to recognize revenue amounts associated therewith;
the interpretation and implementation of state contract performance requirements regarding the achievement of certain quality measures, and our ability to avoid liquidated damages associated therewith;
cyber-attacks or other privacy or data security incidents resulting in an inadvertent unauthorized disclosure of protected health information;

the success of our health plan in Puerto Rico, including the resolution of the Puerto Rico debt crisis, payment of all amounts due under our Medicaid contract, the effect of the newly enacted PROMESA law, and our efforts to better manage the health care costs of our Puerto Rico health plan;
significant budget pressures on state governments
the success and their potential inability to maintain current rates, to implement expected rate increases, or to maintain existing benefit packages or membership eligibility thresholds or criteria, including the resolutionrenewal of theour duals demonstration programs in California, Illinois, budget impasseMichigan, Ohio, South Carolina, and continued payment of all amounts due to our Illinois health plan;Texas;
the accurate estimation of incurred but not reported or paid medical costs across our health plans;
subsequent adjustments to reported premium revenue based upon subsequent developments or new information, including changes to estimated amounts payable or receivable related to Marketplace risk adjustment/risk transfer, risk corridors, and reinsurance;
efforts by states to recoup previously paid and recognized premium amounts;
the success of our efforts to retain existing government contracts and to obtain new government contracts in connection with state requests for proposals (RFPs) in both existing and new states;
the continuation and renewal of the government contracts of our health plans, Molina Medicaid Solutions, and Pathways, and the terms under which such contracts are renewed;
complications, member confusion, or enrollment backlogs related to the annual renewal of Medicaid coverage;
government audits and reviews, or potential investigations, and any fine, sanction, enrollment freeze, or monitoring program, or premium recovery that may result therefrom;therefrom, including any potential demand by the state of New Mexico to recover purportedly underpaid premium taxes;
changes with respect to our provider contracts and the loss of providers;
approval by state regulators of dividends and distributions by our health plan subsidiaries;
changes in funding under our contracts as a result of regulatory changes, programmatic adjustments, or other reforms;
high dollar claims related to catastrophic illness;
the favorable resolution of litigation, arbitration, or administrative proceedings;
the relatively small number of states in which we operate health plans;
the availability of adequate financing on acceptable terms to fund and capitalize our expansion and growth, repay our outstanding indebtedness at maturity and meet our liquidity needs, including the interest expense and other costs associated with such financing;
our failure to comply with the financial or other covenants in our credit agreement or the indentures governing our outstanding notes;
the sufficiency of our funds on hand to pay the amounts due upon conversion or maturity of our outstanding notes;
the failure of a state in which we operate to renew its federal Medicaid waiver;
changes generally affecting the managed care or Medicaid management information systems industries;
increases in government surcharges, taxes, and assessments, including but not limited to the deductibility of certain compensation costs;
newly emergent viruses or widespread epidemics, including the Zika virus, public catastrophes or terrorist attacks, and associated public alarm;
changes in general economic conditions, including unemployment rates;
the sufficiency of our funds on hand to pay the amounts due upon conversion of our outstanding notes;and
increasing competition and consolidation in the Medicaid industry.;
Investors should refer to Part I, Item 1Athe section entitled “Risk Factors” in each of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20152016, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for a discussion of certain risk factors that could materially affect our business, financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations. Given these risks and uncertainties, we can give no assurance that any results or events projected or contemplated by our forward-looking statements will in fact occur.

This document and the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements appearing elsewhere in this report, and the audited financial statements and Management'sManagement’s Discussion and Analysis appearing in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.2016.

Company OverviewABOUT MOLINA HEALTHCARE
OUR MISSION IS TO PROVIDE QUALITY HEALTHCARE TO PEOPLE RECEIVING GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE.
Molina Healthcare, Inc. provides quality managed health care to people receiving government assistance. We offer cost-effective Medicaid-related solutions to meet the health care needs of low-income families and individuals, and to assist government agencies in their administration of the Medicaid program. We have three reportable segments. These segments includeconsist of our Health Plans segment, which comprisesconstitutes the vast majority of our operations; our Molina Medicaid Solutions segment; and our Other segment, which includessegment.
OUR GOAL IS TO ACHIEVE OUR MISSION WHILE IMPROVING THE FINANCIAL STRENGTH OF OUR ORGANIZATION.
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We use non-GAAP financial measures as supplemental metrics in evaluating our behavioralfinancial performance, making financing and business decisions, and forecasting and planning for future periods. For these reasons, management believes such measures are useful supplemental measures to investors in comparing our performance to the performance of other public companies in the health care industry. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered as supplements to, and social services subsidiary, Pathways. Asnot as substitutes for or superior to, GAAP measures.
See further information regarding non-GAAP measures in the “Supplemental Information” section of December 31, 2015, we changed our reporting structure as a result ofthis MD&A, including the Pathways acquisitionreconciliations to U.S. GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures referred to in November 2015. All prior periods reported conform to this presentation.report are designated with an asterisk (*).
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 (Dollar amounts in millions, except per-share amounts)
Net (loss) income$(230) $33
 $(153) $57
Net (loss) income per diluted share$(4.10) $0.58
 $(2.74) $1.01
MCR (1)
94.8 % 89.2% 91.6 % 89.5%
G&A ratio (2)
8.1 % 8.1% 8.5 % 7.9%
Premium tax ratio (1)
2.4 % 2.6% 2.3 % 2.6%
Effective tax rate26.8 % 59.8% 16.0 % 60.7%
Net profit margin (2)
(4.6)% 0.7% (1.5)% 0.7%
EBITDA*$(243) $144
 $(40) $270
Adjusted net (loss) income*$(225) $38
 $(142) $67
Adjusted net (loss) income per diluted share*$(4.01) $0.67
 $(2.55) $1.18
________________________
(1)MCR represents medical care costs as a percentage of premium revenue; premium tax ratio represents premium tax expenses as a percentage of premium revenue plus premium tax revenue.
(2)G&A ratio represents general and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue. Net profit margin represents net income as a percentage of total revenue.

Update on 2016 Financial PerformanceCONSOLIDATED RESULTS
Third Quarter 2016Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 Compared with Second Quarter 2016Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
ThirdNet loss per diluted share was $4.10 in the second quarter 2016 financial performance improved significantly whenof 2017 compared with net income per diluted share of $0.58 reported for the second quarter of 2016. EarningsAdjusted net loss per diluted share* was $4.01 in the second quarter of 2017, compared with adjusted net income per diluted share increased to $0.76 in the third quarter of 2016 from $0.58 in the second quarter. Adjusted earnings per diluted share increased to $0.85 in the third quarter of 2016 from $0.67 in the second quarter.
Higher profitability in the third quarter of 2016, when compared with2016. Loss before income tax benefit for the second quarter of 2016,2017 was primarily$314 million.
Certain significant items contributed $330 million to the result of:loss before income tax benefit. See further discussion of these items in the table below, in “Health Plans—Financial Performance by Program,” and “Other Consolidated Information.”
Improved profitability among products other than the Marketplace, partially offset by lower profitability for the Marketplace product.Excluding adjustments related to 2015 dates of service, the medical care ratio for all products combined (excluding Marketplace) declined to 89.6% in the third quarter from 90.3% in the second quarter. The medical care ratio increased to 94.8% in the second quarter of 2017 compared to 89.2% in the second quarter of 2016. See further discussion below in “Reportable Segments—Health Plans—Financial Overview.”
The following table summarizes the impact of the significant items:
Summary of Significant Items Affecting 2017 Financial Results
 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
 June 30, 2017 June 30, 2017
 (In millions, except per diluted share amounts)
 Amount 
Per Diluted Share (1)
 Amount 
Per Diluted Share (1)
Impairment losses$72
 $1.01
 $72
 $1.02
Losses at behavioral health subsidiary exclusive of impairment8
 0.09
 12
 0.14
Medical care costs related to prior year service dates that were in excess of historical expectations85
 0.95
 74
 0.84
Marketplace adjustments related to risk transfer, cost sharing subsidies, and other items for 2016 service dates44
 0.49
 47
 0.53
Marketplace premium deficiency reserve for 2017 service dates78
 0.87
 70
 0.79
Restructuring and separation costs43
 0.68
 43
 0.68
Termination fee received for Terminated Medicare acquisition
 
 (75) (0.84)
 $330
 $4.09
 $243
 $3.16
________________________
(1)
Except for certain items that are not deductible for tax purposes, per diluted share amounts are generally calculated at our statutory income tax rate of 37%, which is in excess of the effective tax rate recorded in our consolidated statements of operations.
Certain significant items increased loss before income tax benefit in the second quarter of 2017 by approximately $330 million. Specifically:
We recorded $72 million in non-cash impairment losses for goodwill and intangibles, primarily relating to our Pathways subsidiary. In the course of developing our restructuring and profitability improvement plan, we determined that future benefits to be derived from Pathways (including integration with our health plans) will be less than previously anticipated. While such impairment losses have a short-term impact on profitability, there is no impact to our cash flows. Pathways experienced operating losses of $8 million for the quarter ended June 30, 2017 and $12 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017.
Medical care costs related to 2016 service dates were significantly in excess of what the Company usually experiences for out-of-period claims development, particularly at the Florida, Illinois, New Mexico, and Puerto Rico health plans. In total, we experienced out-of-period claims development that was approximately $85 million higher than expected at December 31, 2016.

We recorded $44 million for Marketplace changes in estimates, including risk transfer and cost sharing subsidies, related to 2016 service dates. Liabilities for risk transfer payments and cost sharing subsidies that were estimated at December 31, 2016 were finalized during the second quarter of 2017.
Loss before income tax benefit increased by $78 million as a result of an increase to the premium deficiency reserve established for the Marketplace program (also excluding adjustments related to 2015 dates of service)program. The reserve, which was $22 million at March 31, 2017, increased to 89.0% in the third quarter from 79.7%$100 million as of June 30, 2017. Based upon revenue and cost trends observed in the second quarter. Although third quarter results for the Marketplace business were lower than anticipated,of 2017, we now believe that Marketplace performance for full year 2016 dates of service will be approximately breakeven. We continue to record substantial liabilities for Marketplace risk transfer payments under the risk adjustment program. We estimate that such payments reduced our Marketplace premium revenue by approximately 25% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. We have recommended that the risk transfer formula be modified so that payments between health plans are allocated based solely upon medical costs, rather than upon premiums. Such a change would have lowered the percentage of premium revenue returned as a result of risk transfer from 25% to 20% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. We believe that the methodology used to calculate Marketplace risk transfer payments penalizes comparatively efficient and affordable health plans and, as a result, those purchasing affordable Marketplace policies ultimately pay higher premiums.
Improved administrative efficiency. Our general and administrative expense ratio fell to 7.6% in the third quarter of 2016 from 8.1% in the second quarter.
Lower effective tax rate. The benefit of approximately $5 million in discrete items reduced our effective tax rate to 54.0% in the third quarter of 2016, from 59.8% in the second quarter.
Management Expectations for Full Year 2016 Results
As previously disclosed, we expect the following factors, among others, to affect our financial performance in the rest of 2016:
The ultimate savings to be realized from various cost savings initiatives and the speed at which such savings will be realized.
Medicaid rate increases (excluding Medicaid Expansion) of approximately 3.0% in California (effective July 1, 2016); approximately 2.5% in Puerto Rico (effective July 1, 2016); approximately 3.0% in Texas (effective September 1, 2016); and approximately 4.0% in Florida (effective September 1, 2016). All rate changes are consistent with our previous expectations.
Medicaid Expansion rate decreases of approximately 11.0% in California (effective July 1, 2016) and approximately 2.0% in Ohio (effective July 1, 2016). All rate changes are consistent with our previous expectations.
The implementation of a medical care ratio floor of 86.0% for the South Carolina Medicaid program effective July 1, 2016.
Declining margins for our Marketplace business during the second half of 2016 due2017 will fall substantially short of previous expectations. Marketplace performance has been most disappointing in Florida, Utah, Washington, and Wisconsin.
We recorded $43 million in restructuring and separation costs in the second quarter of 2017 related primarily to normal membership attrition;contractually required termination benefits paid to our former chief executive officer and chief financial officer. Also included in these costs are consulting fees incurred for the development and implementation of our corporate restructuring initiatives. See below in “Liquidity and Financial Condition—Future Sources and Uses of Liquidity,” and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 11, “Restructuring and Separation Costs,” for further information.

Six Months ended June 30, 2017 Compared with Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
Net loss per diluted share was $2.74 in the first half of 2017 compared with net income per diluted share of $1.01 reported for the first half of 2016. Adjusted net loss per diluted share* was $2.55 in the first half of 2017, compared with adjusted net income per diluted share* of $1.18 in the first half of 2016. Loss before income tax benefit for the first half of 2017 was $153 million. These results were affected by several out-of-period adjustments as presented in the table, and as further described, above. In total, these adjustments increased pretax loss in the first half of 2017 by $243 million.

RESTRUCTURING AND PROFIT IMPROVEMENT PLAN
As a result of our poor operating performance and catalyzed by our change in management, we accelerated the implementation of a comprehensive restructuring and profitability improvement plan (the Restructuring Plan). Under the Restructuring Plan, we are taking the following actions:
1.We are streamlining our organizational structure, including the elimination of redundant layers of management, the consolidation of regional support services, and other reductions to our workforce, to improve efficiency as well as the speed and quality of our decision-making.
2.We are re-designing core operating processes such as provider payment, utilization management, quality monitoring and improvement, and information technology to achieve more effective and cost efficient outcomes.
3.We are remediating high cost provider contracts and building around high quality, cost-effective networks.
4.
We are restructuring our existing direct delivery operations.
5.We are reviewing our vendor base to ensure that we are partnering with the lowest-cost, most-effective vendors.
6.Throughout this process, we are taking precautions to ensure that our actions do not impede our ability to continue to deliver quality health care, retain existing managed care contracts, and to secure new managed care contracts.

ACTION PLAN—2018 MARKETPLACE PERFORMANCE

In addition of higher cost members throughto the special enrollment process; higher costs as members reachRestructuring Plan, we are taking these further steps to improve profitability in 2018:

1.We are exiting the Utah and Wisconsin ACA Marketplaces effective December 31, 2017. For the three months ended June 30, 2017, these two health plans reported a total of $127 million in Marketplace premium revenue (16% of consolidated Marketplace premium revenue), and a combined Marketplace medical care ratio of 128%.
2.In our remaining Marketplace plans, we are increasing 2018 premiums by 55%. The increase takes into account the absence of cost sharing reduction subsidies. Had we assumed that cost sharing reduction subsidies would be funded for 2018, the premium increase would have been 30%.
3.We are also reducing the scope of our 2018 participation in the Washington Marketplace.
4.We continue to closely monitor the current political and programmatic developments pertaining to our 2018 participation in other Marketplace states, and subject to those developments, will withdraw from 2018 participation as may be necessary.
TRENDS AND UNCERTAINTIES
ACA and the limitsMarketplace
The future of the cost-sharing provisionsAffordable Care Act (ACA) and its underlying programs, including the Marketplace, are subject to substantial uncertainty. We continue to advocate for federal policies to stabilize the Marketplace program.
Medicaid Contract Re-Procurement
The following table illustrates Health Plans segment Medicaid contracts scheduled for re-procurement in the near term. While we have been notified of their insurance coverage;the Medicaid regulators’ intention to re-procure the contracts, the anticipated award dates and increasing utilization as members become more engaged with our care networks.effective dates are management’s current best estimates. Such dates are subject to change and, in some cases, not yet known to us. Premium revenue is stated in millions.
Market Updates
Refer to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q,
      Premium Revenue    
    Membership as of Six Months Ended Anticipated
State Health Plan Medicaid Program(s) June 30, 2017 June 30, 2017 Award Date Effective Date
Florida All 359,000
 $726
 Q1 2018 1/1/2019
Illinois All 159,000
 259
 Q3 2017 1/1/2018
New Mexico All 234,000
 605
 Q1 2018 1/1/2019
Puerto Rico All 322,000
 362
 Q1 2018 7/1/2018
Texas All 191,000
 920
 Q3 2018 9/1/2019
Texas CHIP 25,000
 21
 Q4 2017 9/1/2018
Washington Health Plan. As discussed in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1, "Basis“Basis of Presentation,"” in May 2017, Molina Healthcare of Washington, Inc. was selected by the Washington State Health Care Authority to negotiate and enter into managed care contracts for a discussionthe North Central region of the current year market updates.state’s Apple Health Integrated Managed Care Program. The start date for the new contract is scheduled for January 1, 2018.

Understanding Our BusinessREPORTABLE SEGMENTS
Health Plans Segment
The Health Plans segment consists of health plans in 12 states and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and includes our direct delivery business. As of September 30, 2016, these health plans served 4.2 million members eligible for Medicaid, Medicare, and other government-sponsored health care programs for low-income families and individuals. This membership includes Health Insurance Marketplace (Marketplace) members, most of whom receive government premium subsidies.

Health Plans Segment Membership by Health Plan and Program.The following tables set forth our Health Plans membership as of the dates indicated:
 September 30,
2016
 December 31,
2015
 September 30,
2015
Ending Membership by Health Plan:     
California683,000
 620,000
 611,000
Florida563,000
 440,000
 349,000
Illinois195,000
 98,000
 101,000
Michigan387,000
 328,000
 340,000
New Mexico253,000
 231,000
 231,000
New York (1)37,000
 
 
Ohio339,000
 327,000
 344,000
Puerto Rico331,000
 348,000
 356,000
South Carolina109,000
 99,000
 102,000
Texas352,000
 260,000
 263,000
Utah150,000
 102,000
 102,000
Washington716,000
 582,000
 568,000
Wisconsin131,000
 98,000
 103,000
 4,246,000
 3,533,000
 3,470,000
Ending Membership by Program:     
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP)2,529,000
 2,312,000
 2,249,000
Medicaid Expansion658,000
 557,000
 540,000
Marketplace568,000
 205,000
 226,000
Aged, Blind or Disabled (ABD)395,000
 366,000
 359,000
Medicare-Medicaid Plan (MMP) – Integrated (2)51,000
 51,000
 56,000
Medicare Special Needs Plans (Medicare)45,000
 42,000
 40,000
 4,246,000
 3,533,000
 3,470,000
_________________________
(1)The New York health plan was acquired on August 1, 2016.
(2)MMP members who receive both Medicaid and Medicare coverage from Molina Healthcare.

Health Plans Segment Premiums by Program.The amount of the premiums paid to our health plans may vary substantially between states and among various government programs. The following table sets forth the ranges of premiums paid to our state health plans by program on a per-member per-month (PMPM) basis, for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The "Consolidated" column represents the weighted-average amounts for our total membership by program.
 PMPM Premiums
 Low High Consolidated
TANF and CHIP$120.00
 $320.00
 $180.00
Medicaid Expansion320.00
 480.00
 380.00
Marketplace160.00
 360.00
 230.00
ABD390.00
 1,530.00
 990.00
MMP – Integrated1,170.00
 3,290.00
 2,160.00
Medicare780.00
 1,110.00
 1,020.00

Health Plans Segment Medical Care Costs by Type. The following table provides the details of consolidated medical care costs by type for the periods indicated (dollars in millions except PMPM amounts):
 Three Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015
 Amount PMPM % of Total Amount PMPM % of Total
Fee for service$2,799
 $220.29
 74.7% $2,224
 $218.69
 73.8%
Pharmacy567
 44.65
 15.1
 418
 41.07
 13.9
Capitation302
 23.83
 8.1
 260
 25.57
 8.6
Direct delivery21
 1.66
 0.5
 31
 2.97
 1.0
Other59
 4.58
 1.6
 83
 8.19
 2.7
 $3,748
 $295.01
 100.0% $3,016
 $296.49
 100.0%
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015
 Amount PMPM 
% of
Total
 Amount PMPM 
% of
Total
Fee for service$8,156
 $215.96
 74.6% $6,275
 $217.63
 73.1%
Pharmacy1,621
 42.93
 14.8
 1,161
 40.26
 13.5
Capitation901
 23.86
 8.3
 725
 25.13
 8.5
Direct delivery55
 1.46
 0.5
 85
 2.94
 1.0
Other197
 5.20
 1.8
 335
 11.62
 3.9
 $10,930
 $289.41
 100.0% $8,581
 $297.58
 100.0%
Molina Medicaid Solutions Segment
The Molina Medicaid Solutions segment provides support to state government agencies in the administration of their Medicaid programs including business processing, information technology development, and administrative services. Molina Medicaid Solutions is under contract with the Medicaid agencies in Idaho, Louisiana, Maine, New Jersey, West Virginia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and drug rebate administration services in Florida.
Other Segment
The Other segment includes businesses, such as our Pathways behavioral health and social services provider, which do not meet the quantitative thresholds for a reportable segment as defined by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), as well as corporate amounts not allocated to other reportable segments.
How We Assess Performance
We derive our revenues primarily from health insurance premiums, and our primary customers are state Medicaid agencies and the federal government.
One of the key metrics used to assess the performance of our most significant segment, the Health Plans segment, is the medical care ratio.ratio, or MCR. The medical care ratio represents the amount of medical care costs as a percentage of premium revenue. Therefore, the underlying gross margin, or the amount earned by the Health Plans segment after medical costs are deducted from premium revenue, is the most important measure of earnings reviewed by management.
Gross margin for our Health Plans segment is referred to as "Medical“Medical margin," and for our Molina Medicaid Solutions and Other segments, as "Service“Service margin." The service margin is equal to service revenue minus cost of service revenue. The following table presents gross margin for our segments. Management'sManagement’s discussion and analysis of the changes in the individual components of gross

margin, by reportable segment, is presented below under "Resultsin the “Health Plans—Financial Overview,” “Molina Medicaid Solutions—Financial Overview,” and “Other—Financial Overview” sections, respectively, of Operations."this MD&A.

SEGMENT SUMMARY
 Three Months Ended September 30, Change Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
 2016 2015 $ % 2016 2015 $ %
 (Dollars in millions)
Health Plans:               
Premium revenue$4,191
 $3,377
 $814
 24 % $12,215
 $9,652
 $2,563
 27 %
Less: medical care costs3,748
 3,016
 732
 24
 10,930
 8,581
 2,349
 27
Medical margin$443
 $361
 $82
 23
 $1,285
 $1,071
 $214
 20
Medical care ratio89.4% 89.3%     89.5% 88.9%    
Molina Medicaid Solutions:               
Service revenue$48
 $47
 $1
 2
 $146
 $146
 $
 
Less: cost of service revenue42
 34
 8
 24
 129
 103
 26
 25
Service margin$6
 $13
 $(7) (54) $17
 $43
 $(26) (60)
Service cost ratio86.7% 72.7%     88.3% 70.4%    
Other:               
Service revenue$85
 $
 
   $262
 $
 
 
Less: cost of service revenue77
 
 
   233
 
 
 
Service margin$8
 $
 
   $29
 $
 
 
Service cost ratio90.3% %     89.0% %    
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 (In millions)
Segment gross margin:       
Health Plans medical margin (1)
$249
 $435
 $786
 $842
Molina Medicaid Solutions service margin (2)
4
 5
 8
 11
Other (2)
1
 14
 6
 21
Total segment gross margin254
 454
 800
 874
Other operating revenues (3)
130
 195
 255
 403
Other operating expenses (4)
(671) (544) (1,260) (1,083)
Operating (loss) income(287) 105
 (205) 194
Other expenses (income), net27
 25
 (22) 50
(Loss) income before income tax expense(314) 80
 (183) 144
Income tax (benefit) expense(84) 47
 (30) 87
Net (loss) income$(230) $33
 $(153) 57
Our Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We use two non-GAAP financial measures as supplemental metrics in evaluating our financial performance, making financing and business decisions, and forecasting and planning for future periods. For these reasons, management believes such measures are useful supplemental measures to investors in comparing our performance to the performance of other public companies in the health care industry. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered as supplements to, and not as substitutes for or superior to, GAAP measures. The year over year changes for the individual components of both of these measures are described below in "Results of Operations."
The first of these non-GAAP measures is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA). We believe that EBITDA is particularly helpful in assessing our ability to meet the cash demands of our operating units. The following table reconciles net income, which we believe to be the most comparable GAAP measure, to EBITDA.
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2016 2015 2016 2015
 (In millions)
Net income$42
 $46
 $99
 $113
Adjustments:       
Depreciation, and amortization of intangible assets and capitalized software42
 29
 118
 87
Interest expense26
 15
 76
 45
Income tax expense50
 52
 137
 153
EBITDA$160
 $142
 $430
 $398
The second of these non-GAAP measures is adjusted net income (including adjusted net income per diluted share). We believe that adjusted net income per diluted share is very helpful in assessing our financial performance exclusive of the non-cash impact of the amortization of purchased intangibles. The following table reconciles net income, which we believe to be the most comparable GAAP measure, to adjusted net income.

 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
2016 2015 2016 2015
 (In millions, except diluted per-share amounts)
Net income$42
 $0.76
 $46
 $0.77
 $99
 $1.77
 $113
 2.07
Adjustment, net of tax:               
Amortization of intangible assets5
 0.09
 2
 0.04
 15
 0.26
 8
 0.15
Adjusted net income (1)$47
 $0.85
 $48
 $0.81
 $114
 $2.03
 $121
 $2.22
_________________________________________________
(1)Beginning in the first quarterRepresents premium revenue minus medical care costs.
(2)Represents service revenue minus cost of 2016, we revised our calculation of adjusted net income. We no longer subtract “Amortization of convertible senior notesservice revenue.
(3)Other operating revenues include premium tax revenue, health insurer fee revenue, investment income and lease financing obligations” from net income to arrive at adjusted net income. We made this change because various capital transactions completed in 2015 reduced our relative reliance on convertible notesother revenue.
(4)Other operating expenses include general and lease financing as sources of capital. We believe that this change enhances the comparability of these non-GAAP measures with the corresponding non-GAAP measures used by our competitors. All periods presented conform to this presentation.administrative expenses, premium tax expenses, health insurer fee expenses, depreciation and amortization, impairment losses, and restructuring and separation costs.

ResultsHEALTH PLANS
The Health Plans segment consists of Operationshealth plans operating in 12 states and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and includes our direct delivery business. As of June 30, 2017, these health plans served approximately 4.7 million members eligible for Medicaid, Medicare, and other government-sponsored health care programs for low-income families and individuals. This membership includes Affordable Care Act Marketplace (Marketplace) members, most of whom receive government premium subsidies.
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
Recent Developments — Health Plans Segment
Three Months Ended SeptemberRefer to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1, “Basis of Presentation.”

Health Plans Membership
The following tables set forth our Health Plans membership as of the dates indicated:
 June 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
 June 30,
2016
Ending Membership by Program:     
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)2,517,000
 2,536,000
 2,500,000
Marketplace949,000
 526,000
 597,000
Medicaid Expansion678,000
 673,000
 654,000
Aged, Blind or Disabled (ABD)408,000
 396,000
 387,000
Medicare-Medicaid Plan (MMP) – Integrated (1)
54,000
 51,000
 51,000
Medicare Special Needs Plans (Medicare)44,000
 45,000
 44,000
 4,650,000
 4,227,000
 4,233,000
Ending Membership by Health Plan:     
California766,000
 683,000
 680,000
Florida672,000
 553,000
 565,000
Illinois163,000
 195,000
 201,000
Michigan414,000
 391,000
 393,000
New Mexico266,000
 254,000
 251,000
New York (2)
34,000
 35,000
 
Ohio351,000
 332,000
 341,000
Puerto Rico322,000
 330,000
 336,000
South Carolina112,000
 109,000
 105,000
Texas465,000
 337,000
 367,000
Utah167,000
 146,000
 151,000
Washington788,000
 736,000
 709,000
Wisconsin130,000
 126,000
 134,000
 4,650,000
 4,227,000
 4,233,000
_________________________
(1)MMP members receive both Medicaid and Medicare coverage from Molina Healthcare.
(2)The New York health plan was acquired on August 1, 2016.
Premiums by Program
The amount of the premiums paid to our health plans may vary substantially between states and among various government programs. The following table sets forth the ranges of premiums paid to our state health plans by program on a per member per month (PMPM) basis, for the six months ended June 30, 2016 Compared with Three Months Ended September 30, 20152017. The “Consolidated” column represents the weighted-average amounts for our total membership by program.
Strong enrollment growth generated approximately $814 million, or 24%, more
 PMPM Premiums
 Low High Consolidated
TANF and CHIP$120.00
 $320.00
 $180.00
Marketplace180.00
 440.00
 270.00
Medicaid Expansion320.00
 510.00
 390.00
ABD370.00
 1,490.00
 1,030.00
MMP – Integrated1,220.00
 3,250.00
 2,150.00
Medicare910.00
 1,240.00
 1,100.00


FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
In the second quarter of 2017, premium revenue in the third quarter of 2016 compared with the third quarter of 2015. Enrollment growth was primarily due to increased Marketplace enrollment, and acquisitions that added Medicaid membership. Consolidated premium revenue measured on a PMPM basis was essentially unchanged in the third quarter of 2016approximately 18%, or $711 million, when compared with the thirdsecond quarter of 2015.
The medical2016. Member months grew 11% while revenue PMPM increased 7%. Medical care ratiocosts as a percent of premium revenue increased slightly to 89.4%94.8% in the thirdsecond quarter of 2016,2017 from 89.3%89.2% in the thirdsecond quarter of 2015. This increase was driven by lower percentage margins for Medicaid Expansion and Marketplace membership which more than offset higher margins for TANF and ABD combined. Consolidated medical care costs measured on a PMPM basis were nearly constant2016. Medical margin decreased 43% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20162017 from the second quarter of 2016.
In the six months ended June 30, 2017, premium revenue increased approximately 17%, or $1,364 million, when compared with the third quartersix months ended June 30, 2016. Member months grew 13% while revenue PMPM increased 4%. Medical care costs as a percent of 2015.premium revenue increased to 91.6% in the six months ended June 30, 2017 from 89.5% in the six months ended June 30, 2016. Medical margin decreased 7% in the six months ended June 30, 2017 from the six months ended June 30, 2016.
Financial Performance by Program. FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE BY PROGRAM
The following tables present the components ofsummarize member months, premium revenue, and medical care costs, medical care ratio and medical margin by program for the periods indicated (PMPM amounts are in whole dollars; member months and other dollar amounts are in millions).:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
Member
Months (1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR (2)
 Medical Margin
 Total PMPM Total PMPM  Total PMPM Total PMPM 
TANF and CHIP7.6
 $1,373
 $180.74
 $1,246
 $164.04
 90.8% $127
7.6
 $1,391
 $182.47
 $1,315
 $172.48
 94.5% $76
Medicaid Expansion2.0
 763
 386.98
 642
 325.68
 84.2
 121
2.1
 786
 383.07
 689
 335.26
 87.5
 97
Marketplace1.7
 399
 238.86
 352
 210.38
 88.1
 47
ABD1.1
 1,186
 1,008.28
 1,094
 929.93
 92.2
 92
1.2
 1,285
 1,053.89
 1,245
 1,020.85
 96.9
 40
Total Medicaid10.9
 3,462
 317.79
 3,249
 298.10
 93.8
 213
MMP0.2
 334
 2,165.26
 280
 1,818.75
 84.0
 54
0.1
 361
 2,217.44
 333
 2,050.20
 92.5
 28
Medicare0.1
 136
 1,019.19
 134
 1,003.85
 98.5
 2
0.2
 148
 1,126.14
 126
 963.34
 85.5
 22
Total Medicare0.3
 509
 1,730.91
 459
 1,565.65
 90.5
 50
Excluding Marketplace11.2
 3,971
 354.87
 3,708
 331.36
 93.4
 263
Marketplace2.8
 769
 267.37
 783
 272.37
 101.9
 (14)
12.7
 $4,191
 $329.88
 $3,748
 $295.01
 89.4% $443
14.0
 $4,740
 $336.98
 $4,491
 $319.29
 94.8% $249

Three Months Ended September 30, 2015Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
Member
Months (1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR (2)
 Medical Margin
 Total PMPM Total PMPM  Total PMPM Total PMPM 
TANF and CHIP6.6
 $1,139
 $171.16
 $1,070
 $160.85
 94.0% $69
7.5
 $1,302
 $173.57
 $1,202
 $160.26
 92.3% $100
Medicaid Expansion1.5
 565
 366.80
 458
 297.16
 81.0
 107
1.9
 742
 378.19
 634
 323.56
 85.6
 108
Marketplace0.6
 170
 262.74
 124
 192.21
 73.2
 46
ABD1.1
 1,070
 1,017.68
 979
 931.11
 91.5
 91
1.2
 1,168
 991.38
 1,038
 881.80
 88.9
 130
Total Medicaid10.6
 3,212
 301.86
 2,874
 270.27
 89.5
 338
MMP0.2
 310
 1,975.10
 271
 1,718.13
 87.0
 39
0.2
 315
 2,093.29
 270
 1,792.78
 85.6
 45
Medicare0.1
 123
 1,002.50
 114
 930.43
 92.8
 9
0.2
 129
 997.44
 127
 974.30
 97.7
 2
Total Medicare0.4
 444
 1,584.77
 397
 1,412.96
 89.2
 47
Excluding Marketplace11.0
 3,656
 334.86
 3,271
 299.67
 89.5
 385
Marketplace1.8
 373
 206.88
 323
 178.79
 86.4
 50
10.1
 $3,377
 $332.05
 $3,016
 $296.49
 89.3% $361
12.8
 $4,029
 $316.72
 $3,594
 $282.54
 89.2% $435

____________________
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
 
Member
Months (1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR (2)
 Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
TANF and CHIP15.3
 $2,793
 $182.58
 $2,619
 $171.25
 93.8% $174
Medicaid Expansion4.1
 1,603
 390.88
 1,378
 335.88
 85.9
 225
ABD2.4
 2,481
 1,030.68
 2,375
 986.54
 95.7
 106
Total Medicaid21.8
 6,877
 315.39
 6,372
 292.22
 92.7
 505
MMP0.3
 705
 2,152.75
 640
 1,954.15
 90.8
 65
Medicare0.3
 286
 1,097.36
 243
 933.20
 85.0
 43
Total Medicare0.6
 991
 1,685.72
 883
 1,502.36
 89.1
 108
Excluding Marketplace22.4
 7,868
 351.35
 7,255
 323.98
 92.2
 613
Marketplace5.7
 1,520
 264.77
 1,347
 234.62
 88.6
 173
 28.1
 $9,388
 $333.68
 $8,602
 $305.74
 91.6% $786

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Member
Months (1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR (2)
 Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
TANF and CHIP14.9
 $2,626
 $176.00
 $2,400
 $160.85
 91.4% $226
Medicaid Expansion3.8
 1,421
 371.82
 1,208
 316.13
 85.0
 213
ABD2.4
 2,280
 976.58
 2,079
 890.71
 91.2
 201
Total Medicaid21.1
 6,327
 300.19
 5,687
 269.86
 89.9
 640
MMP0.3
 655
 2,157.55
 587
 1,932.73
 89.6
 68
Medicare0.3
 260
 1,013.04
 251
 977.35
 96.5
 9
Total Medicare0.6
 915
 1,633.08
 838
 1,494.92
 91.5
 77
Excluding Marketplace21.7
 7,242
 334.74
 6,525
 301.61
 90.1
 717
Marketplace3.4
 782
 228.19
 657
 191.62
 84.0
 125
 25.1
 $8,024
 $320.17
 $7,182
 $286.57
 89.5% $842
_______________________
(1)A member month is defined as the aggregate of each month’s ending membership for the period presented.
(2)"MCR"“MCR” represents medical costs as a percentage of premium revenue.

The following discussion highlights the primary drivers of our performance, by program.
Medicaid: TANF/CHIP, Medicaid TANF, CHIPExpansion and ABD. Medical
The medical care ratios forof the TANF, combined TANF/CHIP, Medicaid Expansion and ABD programs fluctuated amongincreased to 93.8% in the second quarter of 2017, from 89.5% in the second quarter of 2016.
As noted above, medical care costs recognized in the second quarter of 2017 for services delivered in 2016 were significantly in excess of what we usually experience for out-of-period claims development. Favorable run-out of our reported in “Medical claims and benefits payable” as of December 31, 2016, was $85 million less than our typical experience, and was reflected in higher medical care costs for the quarter. This development was most notable at our Florida, Illinois, New Mexico, and Puerto Rico health plans. Additionally, those same health plans betweenexperienced higher than expected current period medical care costs.
The medical care ratios of the third quarterscombined TANF/CHIP, Medicaid Expansion and ABD programs increased to 92.7% in the six months ended June 30, 2017, from 89.9% in the six months ended June 30, 2016, primarily due to the reasons noted above for the increased medical care ratio in the second quarter of 20162017.
MMP and 2015. Medicare
The medical care ratio on a consolidated basisfor these programs, in the aggregate, increased in the second quarter of 2017 when compared with the second quarter of 2016. However, for the ABD program was consistent betweensix months ended June 30, 2017, compared with the third quarters ofsix months ended June 30, 2016, and 2015. the aggregated medical care ratio for these two programs decreased.

Marketplace
The medical care ratio on a consolidated basis for the TANF and CHIP programs combined fellMarketplace program increased to 101.9% in the thirdsecond quarter of 2016 when compared2017, from 86.4% in the second quarter of 2016.
The medical care ratio for the Marketplace program increased to 88.6% in the six months ended June 30, 2017, from 84.0% in the six months ended June 30, 2016.
In the second quarter of 2017, we recorded an increase to the thirdpremium deficiency reserve established for the Marketplace program. The reserve, which was $22 million at March 31, 2017, increased to $100 million as of June 30, 2017. In addition, we recorded $44 million for Marketplace changes in estimates, including risk transfer and cost sharing subsidies, related to 2016 service dates. Liabilities for risk transfer payments and cost sharing subsidies that were estimated at December 31, 2016 were finalized during the second quarter of 2015. Lower medical care ratios for2017.
In the Florida, Illinois and New Mexico health plans more than offset higher or flat medical care ratios in other health plans.first half of 2016, adjustments related to 2015 dates of service reduced Marketplace pretax income by approximately $68 million.
Medicaid Expansion. Member months increased 28%68% in the thirdsecond quarter of 2016,2017, when compared with the thirdsecond quarter of 2015,2016, as a result of membership growth primarily in all states, but higher medical care ratios in Michigan,California, Florida and Texas.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE BY STATE
The ongoing poor performance at our Florida, Illinois, New Mexico Ohio and Washington ledPuerto Rico health plans in 2017 all contributed to an increaseour disappointing financial performance in the consolidated medical care ratio for the Expansion program, when compared with the thirdsecond quarter of 2015.
Marketplace. Marketplace member months increased by almost 160% in the third quarter of 2016 when compared with the third quarter of 2015. The medical care ratio of aggregate Marketplace membership increased substantially in the third quarter of 2016 when compared with the third quarter of 2015, primarily as a result of lower revenue due to increased liabilities for the Marketplace risk adjustment program.
MMP and Medicare. Membership, revenue and medical care ratios were consistent on a consolidated basis for the MMP and Medicare programs when comparing the third quarter of 2016 with the third quarter of 2015.


Financial Performance by State Health Plan. 2017. The following tables summarize member months, premium revenue, medical care costs, medical care ratio, and medical margin by state health plan for the periods indicated (PMPM amounts are in whole dollars; member months and other dollar amounts are in millions):
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016Three Months Ended June 30, 2017
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
Member
Months
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs MCR Medical Margin
 Total PMPM Total PMPM  Total PMPM Total PMPM 
California2.1
 $612
 $298.05
 $523
 $254.11
 85.3% $89
2.4
 $679
 $294.09
 $606
 $262.34
 89.2% $73
Florida1.6
 494
 297.24
 462
 277.79
 93.5
 32
2.0
 649
 318.21
 687
 337.39
 106.0
 (38)
Illinois0.6
 163
 275.26
 145
 244.86
 89.0
 18
0.5
 149
 289.51
 174
 336.76
 116.3
 (25)
Michigan1.2
 387
 334.25
 337
 290.16
 86.8
 50
1.2
 406
 325.38
 368
 295.06
 90.7
 38
New Mexico0.8
 338
 440.12
 304
 396.35
 90.1
 34
0.8
 352
 435.34
 334
 411.83
 94.6
 18
New York (3)0.1
 32
 427.40
 30
 403.71
 94.5
 2
New York (1)
0.1
 46
 457.96
 45
 442.16
 96.5
 1
Ohio1.0
 501
 491.51
 424
 415.87
 84.6
 77
1.0
 553
 527.14
 516
 490.75
 93.1
 37
Puerto Rico1.0
 184
 183.46
 167
 167.44
 91.3
 17
0.9
 179
 184.28
 189
 194.42
 105.5
 (10)
South Carolina0.3
 102
 312.28
 94
 285.97
 91.6
 8
0.4
 111
 326.57
 102
 304.14
 93.1
 9
Texas1.1
 597
 559.98
 525
 493.07
 88.1
 72
1.4
 701
 495.93
 602
 426.41
 86.0
 99
Utah0.4
 106
 236.31
 104
 230.53
 97.6
 2
0.5
 130
 258.10
 129
 255.00
 98.8
 1
Washington2.1
 569
 265.48
 521
 243.49
 91.7
 48
2.4
 662
 279.21
 595
 251.16
 90.0
 67
Wisconsin0.4
 103
 262.32
 90
 231.86
 88.4
 13
0.4
 120
 303.59
 135
 342.43
 112.8
 (15)
Other (4)
 3
 
 22
 
 
 (19)
Other (2)

 3
 
 9
 
 
 (6)
12.7
 $4,191
 $329.88
 $3,748
 $295.01
 89.4% $443
14.0
 $4,740
 $336.98
 $4,491
 $319.29
 94.8% $249
             
Three Months Ended September 30, 2015
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
 Total PMPM Total PMPM 
California1.9
 $524
 $288.45
 $438
 $241.09
 83.6% $86
Florida0.9
 300
 299.33
 265
 264.39
 88.3
 35
Illinois0.3
 106
 347.34
 100
 327.61
 94.3
 6
Michigan0.9
 281
 330.00
 236
 276.61
 83.8
 45
New Mexico0.7
 297
 421.76
 275
 390.26
 92.5
 22
New York (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ohio1.0
 510
 498.36
 436
 425.98
 85.5
 74
Puerto Rico1.0
 181
 170.91
 162
 152.69
 89.3
 19
South Carolina0.3
 86
 264.37
 68
 211.76
 80.1
 18
Texas0.8
 524
 661.69
 493
 622.84
 94.1
 31
Utah0.3
 85
 276.72
 77
 250.50
 90.5
 8
Washington1.7
 400
 238.03
 371
 221.14
 92.9
 29
Wisconsin0.3
 71
 232.32
 57
 184.94
 79.6
 14
Other (4)
 12
 
 38
 
 
 (26)
10.1
 $3,377
 $332.05
 $3,016
 $296.49
 89.3% $361

 Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Member
Months
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs MCR Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
California2.0
 $554
 $268.95
 $493
 $239.63
 89.1% $61
Florida1.8
 464
 273.90
 426
 251.69
 91.9
 38
Illinois0.6
 154
 256.17
 137
 227.71
 88.9
 17
Michigan1.2
 369
 312.18
 334
 282.86
 90.6
 35
New Mexico0.8
 342
 451.72
 305
 403.52
 89.3
 37
New York (1)

 
 
 
 
 
 
Ohio1.0
 483
 473.91
 433
 424.87
 89.7
 50
Puerto Rico1.0
 170
 169.04
 175
 173.49
 102.6
 (5)
South Carolina0.3
 87
 277.22
 71
 226.27
 81.6
 16
Texas1.1
 635
 571.14
 499
 448.23
 78.5
 136
Utah0.5
 110
 240.26
 106
 233.12
 97.0
 4
Washington2.1
 559
 264.40
 500
 236.32
 89.4
 59
Wisconsin0.4
 99
 244.88
 96
 235.88
 96.3
 3
Other (2)

 3
 
 19
 
 
 (16)
 12.8
 $4,029
 $316.72
 $3,594
 $282.54
 89.2% $435
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
 
Member
Months
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs MCR Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
California4.6
 $1,323
 $290.56
 $1,116
 $245.02
 84.3% $207
Florida4.1
 1,305
 317.53
 1,245
 303.09
 95.5
 60
Illinois1.1
 310
 282.66
 354
 322.63
 114.1
 (44)
Michigan2.5
 799
 321.10
 707
 284.24
 88.5
 92
New Mexico1.6
 682
 421.11
 652
 402.27
 95.5
 30
New York (1)
0.2
 92
 449.48
 87
 425.72
 94.7
 5
Ohio2.1
 1,094
 521.57
 995
 473.95
 90.9
 99
Puerto Rico1.9
 362
 185.40
 354
 181.24
 97.8
 8
South Carolina0.7
 216
 321.85
 200
 298.79
 92.8
 16
Texas2.8
 1,385
 491.46
 1,204
 427.48
 87.0
 181
Utah1.0
 264
 261.42
 252
 248.77
 95.2
 12
Washington4.7
 1,304
 276.99
 1,176
 249.79
 90.2
 128
Wisconsin0.8
 247
 307.50
 243
 302.95
 98.5
 4
Other (2) 

 5
 
 17
 
 
 (12)
 28.1
 $9,388
 $333.68
 $8,602
 $305.74
 91.6% $786

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 
Member
Months
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs MCR Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
California4.0
 $1,095
 $271.14
 $962
 $238.30
 87.9% $133
Florida3.4
 953
 284.53
 839
 250.58
 88.1
 114
Illinois1.2
 303
 261.43
 269
 232.06
 88.8
 34
Michigan2.4
 756
 316.18
 681
 285.13
 90.2
 75
New Mexico1.5
 678
 450.62
 601
 399.17
 88.6
 77
New York (1)

 
 
 
 
 
 
Ohio2.0
 971
 481.44
 882
 437.35
 90.8
 89
Puerto Rico2.0
 351
 172.98
 349
 171.95
 99.4
 2
South Carolina0.6
 171
 276.61
 138
 223.58
 80.8
 33
Texas2.2
 1,255
 575.87
 1,074
 492.65
 85.5
 181
Utah0.9
 224
 252.08
 208
 234.46
 93.0
 16
Washington4.1
 1,065
 260.05
 958
 233.84
 89.9
 107
Wisconsin0.8
 196
 247.57
 188
 236.92
 95.7
 8
Other (2)

 6
 
 33
 
 
 (27)
 25.1
 $8,024
 $320.17
 $7,182
 $286.57
 89.5% $842
                                 
(1)A member month is defined as the aggregate of each month’s ending membership for the period presented.
(2)"MCR" represents medical costs as a percentage of premium revenue.
(3)The New York health plan was acquired effectiveon August 1, 2016.
(4)(2)"Other"“Other” medical care costs include primarily medically related administrative costs of the parent company, and direct delivery costs.

MEDICAL CARE COSTS BY TYPE
The following discussion highlightstable provides the primary driversdetails of our performance, by health plan.
California. Premium revenue grew to $612 million in the third quarter of 2016, from $524 million in the third quarter of 2015, as a result of higher membership in the TANF, Medicaid Expansion and Marketplace programs. The medical care ratio increased to 85.3% in the third quarter of 2016, from 83.6% in the third quarter of 2015, due to a higher medical care ratio in the TANF and ABD programs, partially offset by a decrease in the medical care ratio for the Medicaid Expansion program.

Florida. Premium revenue grew to $494 million in the third quarter of 2016, from $300 million in the third quarter of 2015, due to increased Marketplace membership and the addition of over 100,000 members from Medicaid contract acquisitions, most of which closed in the fourth quarter of 2015. The medical care ratio increased to 93.5% in the third quarter of 2016, from 88.3% in the third quarter of 2015, primarily as a result of an increase in the medical care ratio for the Marketplace membership, which more than offset a decrease to the medical care ratio for the TANF membership.
Illinois. Premium revenue grew to $163 million in the third quarter of 2016, from $106 million in the third quarter of 2015. The plan added approximately 100,000 members from Medicaid contract acquisitions in the first quarter of 2016. The medical care ratio decreased to 89.0% in the third quarter of 2016, from 94.3% in the third quarter of 2015. The decrease in the medical care ratio was primarily due to higher margins for TANF and Medicaid Expansion members.
Michigan. Premium revenue grew $106 million, or 38%, in the third quarter of 2016 compared with the third quarter of 2015, due to the addition of over 100,000 members from Medicaid contract acquisitions closed in the third quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016. The medical care ratio increased to 86.8% in the third quarter of 2016, from 83.8% in the third quarter of 2015, primarily as a result of lower margins for TANF and Medicaid Expansion membership.
New Mexico. The medical care ratio decreased to 90.1% in the third quarter of 2016, from 92.5% in the third quarter of 2015, primarily as a result of a lower medical care ratio for the health plan's TANF membership, partially offset by an increase to the medical care ratio for the Medicaid Expansion membership.
New York. The medical care ratio was 94.5% in the third quarter of 2016. Our New York health plan was acquired effective August 1, 2016 and is the smallest of our health plans.
Ohio. Premium revenue declined $9 million, or 2%, in the third quarter of 2016 compared with the third quarter of 2015, despite a slight increase in enrollment. Medicaid premium rates decreased effective January 1, 2016, by approximately 2.5% (including a 5% decrease in Medicaid Expansion rates). Despite lower per member per month premiums, the medical care ratio decreased to 84.6% in the third quarter of 2016, from 85.5% in the third quarter of 2015.
Puerto Rico. The medical care ratio increased to 91.3% in the third quarter of 2016, from 89.3% in the third quarter of 2015.
South Carolina. The medical care ratio increased to 91.6% in the third quarter of 2016, from 80.1% in the third quarter of 2015. Premium increases in South Carolina have not been sufficient to cover the cost of expanded benefits.
Texas. Premium revenue grew $73 million, or 14%, in the third quarter of 2016 compared with the third quarter of 2015. The medical care ratio decreased to 88.1% in the third quarter of 2016 compared with 94.1% in the third quarter of 2015, primarily due to a decline in the medical care ratio for ABD membership and growth in Marketplace membership, which has a lower medical care ratio than the health plan's other membership.
Utah. Premium revenue grew $21 million, or 25%, in the third quarter of September 30, 2016 compared with the third quarter of 2015, primarily due to higher Marketplace enrollment. The medical care ratio increased to 97.6% in the third quarter of 2016, from 90.5% in the third quarter of 2015, primarily due to an increase in the medical care ratio of the growing Marketplace program.
Washington. Premium revenue grew $169 million, or 42%, in the third quarter of 2016 compared with the third quarter of 2015, primarily due to membership growth in the Medicaid (both TANF and ABD) and Medicaid Expansion programs. The medical care ratio decreased to 91.7% in the third quarter of 2016, from 92.9% in the third quarter of 2015.
Wisconsin. Premium revenue grew $32 million, or 44%, in the third quarter of 2016 when compared with the third quarter of 2015 as a result of increased Marketplace enrollment. The medical care ratio increased to 88.4% in the third quarter of 2016, from 79.6% in the third quarter of 2015 due to an increase in the medical care ratio of the Marketplace membership.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared with Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
In the nine months ended September 30, 2016, a 30% increase in membership, partially offset by a 3% decrease in revenue PMPM, resulted in increased premium revenue of approximately 27%, or $2.6 billion, when compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decline in PMPM premium revenue was primarily the result of lower PMPM premiums for Medicaid Expansion membership and an increase in the percentage of our premium revenue derived from TANF and Marketplace membership.
Medical care costs as a percent of premium revenue increased to 89.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 88.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase in our medical care ratio was driven primarily by lower percentage margins for Medicaid Expansion and Marketplace membership. Medical margin (measured in absolute dollars) increased 20% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 over the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

Financial Performance by Program. The following tables present the components of premium revenue andconsolidated medical care costs by program (PMPM amounts arecategory for the periods indicated (dollars in whole dollars; member months and other dollar amounts are in millions).millions except PMPM amounts):
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
TANF and CHIP22.5
 $3,999
 $177.60
 $3,646
 $161.93
 91.2% $353
Medicaid Expansion5.8
 2,184
 376.98
 1,850
 319.38
 84.7
 334
Marketplace5.1
 1,181
 231.69
 1,009
 197.77
 85.4
 172
ABD3.5
 3,466
 987.20
 3,173
 903.85
 91.6
 293
MMP0.5
 989
 2,160.14
 867
 1,894.38
 87.7
 122
Medicare0.4
 396
 1,015.14
 385
 986.40
 97.2
 11
 37.8
 $12,215
 $323.44
 $10,930
 $289.41
 89.5% $1,285
 Three Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016
 Amount PMPM % of Total Amount PMPM % of Total
Fee for service$3,348
 $238.04
 74.5% $2,620
 $206.01
 72.9%
Pharmacy650
 46.23
 14.5
 529
 41.59
 14.7
Capitation356
 25.29
 7.9
 304
 23.87
 8.5
Direct delivery22
 1.54
 0.5
 18
 1.39
 0.5
Other115
 8.19
 2.6
 123
 9.68
 3.4
 $4,491
 $319.29
 100.0% $3,594
 $282.54
 100.0%
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
TANF and CHIP18.6
 $3,280
 $175.52
 $3,030
 $162.16
 92.4% $250
Medicaid Expansion4.2
 1,654
 393.71
 1,325
 315.33
 80.1
 329
Marketplace2.0
 525
 259.97
 370
 183.33
 70.5
 155
ABD3.2
 3,063
 965.91
 2,789
 879.27
 91.0
 274
MMP0.4
 733
 1,981.40
 684
 1,847.03
 93.2
 49
Medicare0.4
 397
 1,026.00
 383
 991.53
 96.6
 14
 28.8
 $9,652
 $334.74
 $8,581
 $297.58
 88.9% $1,071
_____________________
(1)A member month is defined as the aggregate of each month’s ending membership for the period presented.
(2)"MCR" represents medical costs as a percentage of premium revenue.

The following discussion highlights the primary drivers of our performance, by program.
Medicaid TANF, CHIP and ABD. TANF, CHIP and ABD revenue increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 when compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015, due to health plan acquisitions in late 2015 and early 2016, as well as the inclusion of a full three quarters of Puerto Rico operations year to date in 2016 (Puerto Rico began operations effective April 1, 2015). The slight decline in the medical care ratio for these programs on a consolidated basis when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2016 with the same period in 2015 is not significant given normal margin fluctuations observed when performance is reviewed at this level of detail.
Medicaid Expansion. Member months increased 38% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, when compared with the same period in 2015 as a result of membership growth in all states; but higher medical care ratios in Illinois, Michigan, New Mexico and Ohio led to an increase in the consolidated medical care ratio for the Expansion program.
Marketplace. Marketplace member months increased by over 150% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, when compared with the same period in 2015. The medical care ratio of aggregate Marketplace membership increased substantially in 2016 when compared to 2015, primarily as a result of lower revenue due to increased liabilities for the Marketplace risk adjustment program.
MMP and Medicare. Membership and revenue increased on a consolidated basis for the MMP and Medicare programs when comparing the nine months ended September 30, 2016 with the same period in 2015. The medical care ratio for these programs decreased on a consolidated basis due to higher margins for the MMP program.
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016
 Amount PMPM % of Total Amount PMPM % of Total
Fee for service$6,434
 $228.68
 74.8% $5,357
 $213.77
 74.6%
Pharmacy1,266
 45.00
 14.7
 1,054
 42.05
 14.7
Capitation680
 24.17
 7.9
 599
 23.87
 8.3
Direct delivery44
 1.56
 0.5
 34
 1.36
 0.5
Other178
 6.33
 2.1
 138
 5.52
 1.9
 $8,602
 $305.74
 100.0% $7,182
 $286.57
 100.0%



PREMIUM TAXES
Financial Performance by State Health Plan. The following tables summarize member months, premium revenue, medical care costs, medical care ratio, and medical margin by state health plan for the periods indicated (PMPM amounts are in whole dollars; member months and other dollar amounts are in millions):
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
  Total PMPM Total PMPM  
California6.1
 $1,707
 $280.21
 $1,485
 $243.64
 86.9% $222
Florida5.0
 1,447
 288.74
 1,301
 259.60
 89.9
 146
Illinois1.8
 466
 266.11
 414
 236.39
 88.8
 52
Michigan3.6
 1,143
 322.08
 1,018
 286.77
 89.0
 125
New Mexico2.3
 1,016
 447.07
 905
 398.22
 89.1
 111
New York (3)0.1
 32
 427.40
 30
 403.71
 94.5
 2
Ohio3.0
 1,472
 484.82
 1,306
 430.14
 88.7
 166
Puerto Rico3.0
 535
 176.44
 516
 170.46
 96.6
 19
South Carolina0.9
 273
 288.93
 232
 245.13
 84.8
 41
Texas3.3
 1,852
 570.65
 1,599
 492.79
 86.4
 253
Utah1.3
 330
 246.78
 312
 233.14
 94.5
 18
Washington6.2
 1,634
 261.91
 1,479
 237.15
 90.5
 155
Wisconsin1.2
 299
 252.45
 278
 235.25
 93.2
 21
Other (4)
 9
 
 55
 
 
 (46)
 37.8
 $12,215
 $323.44
 $10,930
 $289.41
 89.5% $1,285
              
 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
 
Member
Months(1)
 Premium Revenue Medical Care Costs 
MCR(2)
 Medical Margin
 Total PMPM Total PMPM  
California5.3
 $1,538
 $292.64
 $1,349
 $256.71
 87.7% $189
Florida2.9
 868
 294.05
 763
 258.49
 87.9
 105
Illinois0.9
 312
 342.27
 288
 315.68
 92.2
 24
Michigan2.4
 738
 310.01
 621
 260.53
 84.0
 117
New Mexico2.1
 933
 448.75
 843
 405.60
 90.4
 90
New York (3)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ohio3.1
 1,534
 498.76
 1,281
 416.69
 83.5
 253
Puerto Rico2.1
 375
 175.17
 346
 161.60
 92.3
 29
South Carolina1.0
 270
 269.11
 209
 208.45
 77.5
 61
Texas2.4
 1,418
 597.53
 1,313
 553.35
 92.6
 105
Utah0.8
 242
 284.83
 223
 262.14
 92.0
 19
Washington4.9
 1,186
 242.75
 1,094
 223.99
 92.3
 92
Wisconsin0.9
 206
 221.97
 162
 173.99
 78.4
 44
Other (4)
 32
 
 89
 
 
 (57)
 28.8
 $9,652
 $334.74
 $8,581
 $297.58
 88.9% $1,071
(1)A member month is defined as the aggregate of each month’s ending membership for the period presented.
(2)"MCR" represents medical costs as a percentage of premium revenue.
(3)The New York health plan was acquired effective August 1, 2016.
(4)"Other" medical care costs include primarily medically related administrative costs of the parent company, and direct delivery costs.
California. Premium revenue grew to $1,707 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from $1,538 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, as a result of higher membership in the TANF, Medicaid Expansion and Marketplace programs. The medical care ratio decreased to 86.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 87.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, due to improvements in the medical care ratios for the TANF, Medicaid Expansion and MMP membership. These improvements more than offset a higher medical care ratio for the ABD membership.
Florida. Premium revenue grew to $1,447 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from $868 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to increased Marketplace membership, and the addition of over 100,000

members from Medicaid contract acquisitions, most of which closed in the fourth quarter of 2015. The medical care ratio increased to 89.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 87.9% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily as a result of an increase in the medical care ratio for the Marketplace membership, which more than offset a decrease in the medical care ratio for the TANF and ABD membership.
Illinois. Premium revenue grew to $466 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from $312 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The health plan added approximately 100,000 members from Medicaid contract acquisitions in the first quarter of 2016. The health plan's medical care ratio decreased to 88.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 92.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The decrease in the medical care ratio was primarily due to higher margins for the health plan's TANF membership.
Michigan. Premium revenue grew $405 million, or 55%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015, due to the addition of over 100,000 members from Medicaid contract acquisitions in the third quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016. The medical care ratio increased to 89.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 84.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily as a result of lower margins for TANF and Medicaid Expansion membership.
New Mexico. The medical care ratio decreased to 89.1% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 90.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, due to a lower medical care ratio for the TANF membership, partially offset by an increase in the medical care ratio for the Medicaid Expansion membership.
New York. As noted above, the New York health plan was acquired effective August 1, 2016.
Ohio. Premium revenue declined $62 million, or 4%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015, due to reduced overall state Medicaid enrollment and a Medicaid premium rate decrease effective January 1, 2016 of approximately 2.5% (which included a 5% decrease in Medicaid Expansion rates). The medical care ratio increased to 88.7% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 83.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, as a result of the rate decrease noted above and less favorable development of prior period medical liability estimates year to date in 2016 compared with 2015.
Puerto Rico. The medical care ratio increased to 96.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 92.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to increased pharmacy costs, and reductions to revenue previously recorded for 2015 dates of service which decreased pretax income by approximately $11 million in the second quarter of 2016. The plan served its first members effective April 1, 2015.
South Carolina. The medical care ratio increased to 84.8% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 77.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Premium increases in South Carolina have not been sufficient to cover the cost of expanded benefits.
Texas. Premium revenue grew $434 million, or 31%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Growth in premium revenue was primarily the result of increased Marketplace enrollment; the revenue associated with additional nursing home services provided to some ABD members effective March 1, 2015; the start-up of the Texas MMP program on that same date; and the recognition (in the second quarter of 2016) of approximately $44 million in out-of-period quality revenue relating to 2015 and 2014 dates of service. The plan's medical care ratio decreased to 86.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 92.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Without the benefit of out-of-period quality revenue, the medical care ratio of the Texas health plan would have been approximately 88% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016.
Utah. Premium revenue grew $88 million, or 36%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to higher Marketplace enrollment. The medical care ratio increased to 94.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 92.0% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to an increase in the medical care ratio of the growing Marketplace program.
Washington. Premium revenue grew $448 million, or 38%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to membership growth in the Marketplace, TANF and Medicaid Expansion programs. The medical care ratio decreased to 90.5% in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 92.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2015, due to improved medical cost efficiency across nearly all programs.
Wisconsin. Premium revenue grew $93 million, or 45%, in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 when compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015 as a result of increased Marketplace enrollment. The medical care ratio increased to 93.2% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, from 78.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 due to an increase in the medical care ratio of the Marketplace membership.

Molina Medicaid Solutions Segment
Service margin declined $7 million in the third quarter of 2016 compared with the third quarter of 2015, and $26 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to increased service costs associated with legacy state contracts that were re-procured.
Other Segment
Service margin was $8 million and $29 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, respectively. Because we acquired our Pathways behavioral health and social services provider in the fourth quarter of 2015, there was no service margin in the Other segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2015.
Income Statement Components that are Not Unique to Individual Segments
General and Administrative Expenses.General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue (the “general and administrative expense ratio”) decreased to 7.6% in the third quarter of 2016, from 8.0% in the third quarter of 2015. The general and administrative expense ratio decreased to 7.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared with 8.1% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. In both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the increase in total revenue outpaced the increase in general and administrative expenses.
Premium Tax Expenses.The premium tax ratio (premium tax expense as a percentage of premium revenue plus premium tax revenue) decreased to 2.7%was 2.4% in the ninesecond quarter of 2017 compared with 2.6% in the second quarter of 2016 and 2.3% in the six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, compared with 2.9%2.6% in the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2015,2016. This decline was primarily due to the temporary suspension of a Michigan HMO use tax effective January 1, 2017 which was partially offset by a higher California premium tax rate effective July 1, 2016, and significant revenue growth at our Florida health plan, which operates in a state with no premium tax,tax.
HEALTH INSURER FEE (HIF) REVENUE AND EXPENSES
The Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016 provided for a HIF moratorium in 2017. Therefore, there are no HIF revenues or expenses in 2017.

MOLINA MEDICAID SOLUTIONS

The Molina Medicaid Solutions segment provides support to state government agencies in the administration of their Medicaid programs, including business processing, information technology development and growth in MMP revenue. administrative services.
FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
The Medicare portionMolina Medicaid Solutions segment service margin for the second quarter of MMP2017 and 2016 and for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was insignificant.

OTHER

The Other segment includes primarily our Pathways behavioral health and social services provider, and corporate amounts not allocated to other reportable segments.
Substantially all of Pathways’ revenue is not subjectderived from contracts with state or local government agencies and government intermediaries, the majority of which are negotiated fee-for-service arrangements. A significant number of these contracts allow the payer to premium tax.terminate the contract immediately with or without cause.
FINANCIAL OVERVIEW
The Other segment service margin for the second quarter of 2017 and 2016 and for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016 was insignificant.
In the course of developing the Restructuring Plan, as discussed further in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 11, “Restructuring and Separation Costs,” we determined that future benefits to be derived from Pathways, including integration with our health plans, would be less than previously anticipated. In addition, poorer than expected year-to-date operating results and lower projections of operating results for periods in the near term led us to conclude that a triggering event for an interim impairment analysis had occurred in the second quarter of 2017.
For the Other segment in total, we recorded impairment charges of $61 million for goodwill and $11 million for intangible assets, or $72 million in the aggregate, reported in our consolidated statements of operations as “Impairment losses.”


OTHER CONSOLIDATED INFORMATION
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
The G&A ratio was 8.1% in both the second quarter of 2017 and 2016. The G&A ratio increased to 8.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2017, compared with 7.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2016. The year to date G&A ratio increased over 2016 primarily due to costs associated with increased Marketplace enrollment in 2017 and the reduction to revenue as a result of the 2017 Health Insurer Fee Revenue and Expenses. HIF revenue, as a percentage of premium revenue, decreased to 2.0% in the third quarter of 2016, from 2.4% in the third quarter of 2015. In the third quarter of 2015, we recognized reimbursement of certain HIF revenue related to prior periods. The total amount of out-of-period HIF revenue recognized in the third quarter of 2015 represented approximately $8 million ($0.08 per diluted share) of HIF revenue related to 2014 and approximately $17 million ($0.18 per diluted share) related to the first two quarters of 2015. There was no such out-of-period recognition of HIF revenue in the third quarter of 2016. Year to date 2016 HIF revenue recognized, as a percentage of premium revenue, was consistent with year to date 2015 at 2.1%. In 2015, our Puerto Rico health plan was not subject to the HIF because it was not operational during the previous year (2014).(HIF) moratorium.
DEPRECIATION AND AMORTIZATION
Depreciation and Amortization.When measuredamortization, as a percentage of total revenue, was 0.8% in the year over year change in depreciationsix months ended June 30, 2017 and amortization2016.
IMPAIRMENT LOSSES
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 10, “Impairment Losses.”
RESTRUCTURING AND SEPARATION COSTS
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 11, “Restructuring and Separation Costs.”
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense was insignificant.
Interest Expense.$27 million for the second quarter of 2017, compared with $25 million for the second quarter of 2016. Interest expense increased to $26$53 million for the third quarter of 2016,six months ended June 30, 2017, from $15$50 million for the third quarter of 2015. Interest expense increased to $76 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, from $45 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The increase was primarily due to our issuance of $700 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes (5.375% Notes) due November 15, 2022, in the fourth quarter of 2015.
2016. Interest expense includes non-cash interest expense relating primarily to the amortization of the discount on our convertible senior notes, which amounted to $8 million and $7 million for the third quarterssecond quarter of 20162017 and 2015,2016, respectively and $23$16 million and $22$15 million the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. We expect interest expense to continue to increase in future periods as a result of our recent $330 million offering of 4.875% Notes. See further discussion in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 7, “Debt.”
OTHER INCOME, NET
As described in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1, “Basis of Presentation,” in February 2017, we received an aggregate termination fee of $75 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.Terminated Medicare Acquisition. This amount is reported in “Other income, net” in our consolidated statements of operations.
Income Tax Expense.INCOME TAXES
The (benefit) provision for income taxes was recorded at an effective rate of 54.0%26.8% for the thirdsecond quarter of 2017, compared with 59.8% for the second quarter of 2016, and an effective rate of 16.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared with 52.6%60.7% for the third quarter of 2015, and 58.0% for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 compared with 57.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Differences2016. The significant change in the effective tax rate between periods are thewas primarily a result of different amounts of non-deductiblepretax losses in 2017 combined with significant nondeductible expenses (primarily, compensation and discrete tax events.goodwill impairment) and the 2017 HIF moratorium as described above in “Health Plans—Health Insurer Fee (HIF) Revenue and Expenses.”

Liquidity and Capital ResourcesLIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
IntroductionINTRODUCTION
We manage our cash, investments, and capital structure to meet the short- and long-term obligations of our business while maintaining liquidity and financial flexibility. Our regulated subsidiaries generate significantWe forecast, analyze, and monitor our cash flows from premium revenue. Such cash flows areto enable prudent investment management and financing within the confines of our primary sources of liquidity. Thus, any future decline in our profitability may have a negative impact on our liquidity. We generally receive premium revenue a short time before we pay for the related health care services. financial strategy.
A majority of the assets held by our Health Plans segment regulated subsidiaries is in the form of cash, cash equivalents, and investments. After considering expected cash flows from operating activities, we generally invest the

cash of our regulated subsidiaries that exceeds our expected short-term obligations in longer term, investment-grade, and marketable debt securities to improve our overall investment return. These investments are made pursuant to board-approved investment policies that conform to applicable state laws and regulations.

As of September 30, 2016, a substantial portion of our cash was invested in a portfolio of highly liquid money market securities, and our investments consisted solely of investment-grade debt securities. All of ourOur investments are classified as current assets, except for our held-to-maturity restricted investments, which are classified as non-current assets.assets, and which are not included in the totals below. Our held-to-maturity restricted investments are invested principally in certificates of deposit and U.S. treasury securities. Investments
moh-33120_chartx55244a01.jpgmoh-63020_chartx34844.jpg
Investment income increased to $22 million for the six months ended June 30, 2017, compared with $16 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016, primarily due to the increase in invested assets.
MARKET RISK
Our earnings and financial position are exposed to financial market risk relating to changes in interest rates, and the resulting impact on investment income and interest expense.
Substantially all of our investments and restricted investments are subject to interest rate risk and will decrease in value if market interest rates increase. We haveAssuming a hypothetical and immediate 1% increase in market interest rates at June 30, 2017, the ability to holdfair value of our restrictedfixed income investments until maturity.would decrease by approximately $27 million. Declines in interest rates over time will reduce our investment income.
Investment income increased to $25 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared with $12 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to an increase in invested assets.
Cash in excess of the capital needs of our regulated health plans is generally paid to us in the form of dividends, when and as permitted by applicable regulations, for general corporate use. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we received $50 million in dividends from our regulated health plan subsidiaries. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, we received $25 million in dividends from our regulated health plan subsidiaries, and $17 million from our unregulated subsidiaries.
Liquidity
A condensed schedule of cash flows to facilitate our discussion of liquidity follows:
 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2016 2015 Change
 (In millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities$633
 $906
 $(273)
Net cash used in investing activities(131) (665) 534
Net cash provided by financing activities11
 384
 (373)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$513
 $625
 $(112)
Operating Activities. Net cash provided by operating activities decreased $273 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015.
The year over year changes in the following accounts decreased cash provided by operating activities:
Receivables and deferred revenue. Cash flows from operations in each year were impacted by the timing of payments we receive from our states. In general, states may delay our premium payment, which we record as a receivable, or they may prepay the following month premium payment, which we record as deferred revenue. We typically receive capitation payments monthly; however, the states in which we operate may decide to adjust their payment schedules which could positively or negatively impact our reported cash flows from operating activities in any given period. In the current year, the net effect of the timing of premiums received in California and Washington negatively impacted our cash flows from operating activities.
Medical claims and benefits payable. In the nine months ended September 30, 2016, medical claims and benefits payable increased at a slower pace than the same period in 2015. In particular, our Puerto Rico health plan commenced operations on April 1, 2015, leading to a significant increase in medical claims and benefits payable at September 30, 2015, compared with a much smaller increase in the current year as the membership base has stabilized.
Investing Activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $131 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016, compared with $665 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2015. Net cash used in investing activities was higher in 2015 than in 2016 largely due to the investment in 2015 of a large portion of the $373 million in proceeds, net of issuance costs, that we received from the June 2015 offering of 5.75 million shares of our common stock.
Financing Activities. Net cash provided by financing activities decreased $373 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2016 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2015, primarily due to our 2015 common stock offering.
Financial Condition
We believe that our cash resources, internally generated funds and committed acquisition bridge financing (see below under "Commitment Letter") will be sufficient to support our operations, planned acquisitions, regulatory requirements, and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months.
On a consolidated basis, at September 30, 2016, our working capital was $1,448 million, compared with $1,484 million at December 31, 2015. At September 30, 2016, our cash and investments amounted to $4,695 million, compared with $4,241 million at December 31, 2015. Cash, cash equivalents and investments held by the parent company (Molina Healthcare, Inc.) amounted to $388 million and $612 million as of September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Regulatory Capital and Dividend Restrictions. For morefurther information on fair value measurements and our regulatory capital and dividend restrictions,investment portfolio, please refer to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 14, "Commitments4, “Fair Value Measurements,” and Contingencies."Note 5, “Investments.”
Debt Ratings. Our 5.375% Notes are rated "BB" by Standard & Poor's, and "Ba3" by Moody's Investor Service, Inc. A downgrade in our ratings could adversely affect our borrowing capacity and costs.
Future Sources and Uses of Liquidity
Proposed Acquisition. As described in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 1, "Basis of Presentation," we announced the Medicare Acquisition on August 2, 2016, which is expected to close in 2017. The purchase price is currently estimated to be $117 million, subject to certain closing adjustments.
Commitment Letter. As described in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 10, "Debt," we entered into a debt commitment letter with Barclays Bank PLC (Barclays). The primary terms of the debt commitment letter provide that Barclays will lend us up to $400 million which may be used as follows: to finance the Medicare Acquisition, including related transaction costs and regulatory or statutory capital requirements; to finance any ongoing working capital requirements; or for other general corporate purposes.
States' Budgets. From time to time, the states in which our health plans operate may experience financial difficulties, which could lead to delays in premium payments. For example, the state of Illinois is currently operating under a stopgap budget that expires in January 2017. It is unclear when or if the state's budget difficulties will be resolved. As of September 30, 2016, our Illinois health plan served approximately 195,000 members and recorded premium revenue of approximately $466 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. As of October 24, 2016, the state of Illinois owed us approximately $43 million for May and June 2016 premiums.
In another example, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico's fiscal plan, issued on October 14, 2016, reported that current revenues are insufficient to support existing current operations and debt service. While the Commonwealth reports that it will prioritize health care spending, it stresses the need to address the cap on federal matching funds it receives for its participation in the Medicaid program. Among the fiscal issues expected to further exacerbate the Commonwealth's current debt crisis is the depletion of ACA funds, estimated to occur in the Commonwealth's fiscal year 2018. As of September 30, 2016, our Puerto Rico health plan served approximately 331,000 members and recorded premium revenue of approximately $535 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. As of October 24, 2016, the Commonwealth is current with its premium payments.
Credit Facility. In June 2015, weentered into an unsecured $250 million revolving credit facility (Credit Facility). Borrowings under theour Credit Facility bear interest based, at our election, on a base rate or an adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR), plus in each case the applicable margin. The Credit Facility has a term of five years and all amounts outstanding will be due and payable on June 12, 2020. Subject to obtaining commitments from existing or new lenders and satisfaction of other specified conditions, we may increase the Credit Facility to up to $350 million. Our ability to borrow under the Credit Facility is subject to compliance with certain financial covenants. At September 30, 2016, we were in compliance with all financial covenants under the Credit Facility. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016, outstanding letters of credit amounting to $6 million reduced the borrowing capacity to $244 million, and2017, no amounts were outstanding under the Credit Facility.
Convertible Senior Notes. In February 2013, we issued $550

LIQUIDITY
A condensed schedule of cash flows to facilitate our discussion of liquidity follows:
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 Change
 (In millions)
Net cash provided by operating activities$672
 $278
 $394
Net cash used in investing activities(845) (273) (572)
Net cash provided by financing activities333
 11
 322
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$160
 $16
 $144
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities increased $394 million aggregate principal amount of 1.125% cash convertible senior notes (1.125% Notes) due January 15, 2020, unless earlier repurchased or converted. In September 2014, we issued $302 million aggregate principal amount of 1.625% convertible senior notes due August 15, 2044 (1.625% Notes), unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted. The principal amounts of both the 1.125% Notes and the 1.625% Notes are convertible into cash prior to their respective maturity dates under certain circumstances, one of which relates to the closing price of our common stock over a specified period. We refer to this conversion trigger as the stock price trigger.
The 1.125% Notes met their $53.00 stock price trigger in the quartersix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, therefore,2017 compared with the 1.125% Notes were convertible as of Septembersix months ended June 30, 2016. The 1.625% Notes did not meetchange in net (loss) income, plus the effect of adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities, reduced cash provided by operating activities by $195 million. This change was more than offset by the aggregate of the following changes:
Receivables and deferred revenue. In 2017, the aggregate change in receivables and deferred revenue increased cash flows from operations by $470 million. Cash flows from operations in each period were impacted by the timing of premium revenues receipts. In general, state or federal payors may delay our premium payments, which we record as a receivable, or they may prepay the following month’s premium payment, which we record as deferred revenue. We typically receive capitation payments monthly; however, state or federal payors may decide to adjust their $75.52 stock price triggerpayment schedules which could positively or negatively impact our reported cash flows from operating activities in a any given period. In 2017, the year-over-year effect of the timing of premiums received at our California, Florida, Michigan, Ohio, Texas and Washington health plans positively impacted our cash flows from operating activities.
Amounts due government agencies. In 2017, the change in amounts due government agencies increased cash flows from operations by $133 million, due primarily to additional accruals for ACA Marketplace risk transfer payments.
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities. In 2017, the change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities decreased cash flows from operations by $165 million. In 2016, accounts payable and accrued liabilities increased $147 million, primarily due to the HIF payable at June 30, 2016. As of June 30, 2017, there is no comparable accrual because of the HIF moratorium.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities increased $572 million in the quartersix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2016, therefore,primarily due to higher purchases of investments, net of sales and maturities, in the 1.625%current year.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities increased $322 million in the six months ended June 30, 2017 compared with the six months ended June 30, 2016, due to proceeds received from the 4.875% Notes were not convertibleoffering.

FINANCIAL CONDITION
We believe that our cash resources, combined with borrowing capacity available under our Credit Facility, as discussed further below in “Future Sources and Uses of SeptemberLiquidity — Sources”, and internally generated funds will be sufficient to support costs under the Restructuring Plan, operations, regulatory requirements, and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months.
On a consolidated basis, at June 30, 2017, our working capital was $1,376 million, compared with $1,418 million at December 31, 2016. At June 30, 2017, our cash and investments amounted to $5,616 million, compared with $4,689 million at December 31, 2016.
Securities Repurchase Program.Debt Ratings. Our 5.375% Notes are rated “BB” by Standard & Poor’s, and “Ba3” by Moody’s Investor Service, Inc. A significant downgrade in our ratings could adversely affect our borrowing capacity and costs.

Financial Covenants. EffectiveOur Credit Facility contains customary non-financial and financial covenants, including a net leverage ratio and an interest coverage ratio, as follows:
Credit Facility Financial CovenantsRequired Per AgreementAs of June 30, 2017
Net leverage ratio<4.0x3.3x
Interest coverage ratio>3.5x4.5x
In addition, the terms of December 16, 2015, our board4.875% Notes, 5.375% Notes and each of directors authorized the repurchase1.125% and 1.625% Convertible Notes contain cross-default provisions with the Credit Facility that are triggered upon an event of updefault under the Credit Facility, and when borrowings under the Credit Facility equal or exceed certain amounts as defined in the related indentures. As of June 30, 2017, we were in compliance with all covenants under the Credit Facility.
FUTURE SOURCES AND USES OF LIQUIDITY
Sources
Our Health Plans segment regulated subsidiaries generate significant cash flows from premium revenue, which we generally receive a short time before we pay for the related health care services. Such cash flows are our primary source of liquidity. Thus, any future decline in our profitability may have a negative impact on our liquidity.
Dividends from Subsidiaries. When available and as permitted by applicable regulations, cash in excess of the capital needs of our regulated health plans is generally paid in the form of dividends to our unregulated parent company to be used for general corporate purposes. In the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, we received $120 million and $50 million, respectively, in aggregatedividends from our regulated health plan subsidiaries. See further discussion in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies—Regulatory Capital Requirements and Dividend Restrictions.”
Restructuring Plan. In total, we estimate that the Restructuring Plan will reduce annualized run-rate expenses by approximately $300 million to $400 million upon its completion in late 2018. $200 million of these run-rate reductions, which are a result of staff reductions, will be in place by December 2017, and therefore will fully contribute to our 2018 results. Since the close of the second quarter, we have already achieved $55 million of our common stock or senior notes. This repurchase program extendsannualized run-rate reduction target as a result of staff reductions taken on July 27th. All savings targets discussed in regards to the Restructuring Plan represent annualized run-rate savings that we expect to achieve during the year following the indicated implementation date. One-time costs associated with the Restructuring Plan are expected to exceed the benefits realized in 2017 due to the upfront payment of implementation costs and the delayed benefit of full savings until the beginning of 2018. We expect the cost savings to reduce both “General and administrative expenses” and “Medical care costs” reported on our consolidated statements of operations.
The following table illustrates our estimates of run-rate savings associated with the Restructuring Plan. Such savings will be offset, through December 31, 2016.the end of 2018, by the costs noted below in “Future Sources and Uses of Liquidity—Uses.” Following 2018, the savings will be offset by approximately $20 million in run-rate expenses resulting from the implementation of Restructuring Plan initiatives.
Estimated Savings Expected to be Realized by Reportable SegmentHealth PlansOtherTotal
(In millions)
General and administrative expenses$50$120 to $140$170 to $190
Medical care costs$110 to $190$20$130 to $210
$160 to $240$140 to $160$300 to $400
Credit Facility. Refer to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 7, “Debt,” for a detailed discussion of our Credit Facility. We intend to borrow approximately $300 million under the Credit Facility in early August 2017.
4.875% Notes. The 4.875% Notes contain a limitation on the use of proceeds which required us to deposit the net proceeds from their issuance into a segregated deposit account, a current asset reported as “Restricted investments” in our consolidated balance sheets. See further discussion in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 7, “Debt.”
Shelf Registration Statement. We have a shelf registration statement on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission to register an unlimited amount of any combination of debt or equity securities in one or more

offerings. Specific information regarding the terms and securities being offered will be provided at the time of an offering. Proceeds from future offerings are expected to be used for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, the repayment of debt, investments in or extensions of credit to our subsidiaries and the financing of possible acquisitions or business expansion.
Uses
Restructuring. We estimate that total pre-tax costs associated with the Restructuring Plan will be approximately $130 million to $150 million for the second half of 2017, with an additional $40 million to be incurred in 2018. The costs we incur associated with the Restructuring Plan will be reported in “Restructuring and separation costs” in our consolidated statements of operations.
Estimated Costs Expected to be Incurred by Reportable SegmentHealth PlansOtherTotal
(In millions)
Separation costs–one-time benefit arrangement for a workforce reduction$25 to $30$35 to $40$60 to $70
Other restructuring costs$55 to $60$55 to $60$110 to $120
$80 to $90$90 to $100$170 to $190
Regulatory Capital Requirements and Dividend Restrictions. For more information on our regulatory capital requirements and dividend restrictions, refer to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies.”
States’ Budgets. From time to time the states in which our health plans operate may experience financial difficulties, which could lead to delays in premium payments. Until July 4, 2017, the state of Illinois operated without a budget for its current fiscal year. As of June 30, 2017, our Illinois health plan served approximately 163,000 members, and recognized premium revenue of approximately $310 million in the first half of 2017. As of July 28, 2017, the state of Illinois owed us approximately $116 million for certain March, April, May and June 2017 premiums.
On May 3, 2017, Puerto Rico’s financial oversight board filed for a form of bankruptcy in the U.S. District Court in Puerto Rico under Title III of PROMESA. The Title III provision allows for a court debt restructuring process similar to U.S. bankruptcy protection. To the extent such bankruptcy results in our failure to receive payment of amounts due under our Medicaid contract with the Commonwealth or the inability of the Commonwealth to extend our Medicaid contract at the end of its current term, such bankruptcy could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations. As of June 30, 2017, the plan served approximately 322,000 members and recorded premium revenue of approximately $362 million in the first half of 2017. As of July 28, 2017, the Commonwealth was current with its premium payments.
Convertible Notes. We have outstanding $550 million aggregate principal amount of 1.125% cash convertible senior notes due January 15, 2020, unless earlier repurchased or converted. We refer to these notes as our 1.125% Convertible Notes. We also have outstanding $302 million aggregate principal amount of 1.625% convertible senior notes due August 14, 2044, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed, or converted. We refer to these notes as our 1.625% Convertible Notes. We refer to the 1.125% Convertible Notes and 1.625% Convertible Notes collectively as the Convertible Notes. The 1.125% Convertible Notes are convertible entirely to cash, and the 1.625% Convertible Notes are convertible partially to cash, each prior to their respective maturity dates under certain circumstances, one of which relates to the closing price of our common stock over a specified period. We refer to this conversion trigger as the stock price trigger.
The stock price trigger for the 1.125% Convertible Notes is $53.00 per share. The 1.125% Convertible Notes met this trigger in the quarter ended June 30, 2017; therefore, they are convertible into cash and are reported in current portion of long-term debt as of June 30, 2017.
The stock price trigger for the 1.625% Convertible Notes is $75.51 per share. The 1.625% Convertible Notes did not meet this stock price trigger in the quarter ended June 30, 2017. On contractually specified dates beginning in 2018, holders of the 1.625% Convertible Notes may require us to repurchase some or all of such notes. In addition, beginning May 15, 2018 until August 19, 2018, holders may convert some or all of the 1.625% Convertible Notes. Because of this conversion feature, the 1.625% Convertible Notes are reported in current portion of long-term debt as of June 30, 2017. As noted above, because the proceeds from the 4.875% Notes are initially restricted to payments upon conversion or redemption of the 1.625% Convertible Notes, such restricted investments are also classified as current in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Contractual ObligationsFor economic reasons related to the trading market for our Convertible Notes, we believe that the amount of the notes that may be converted over the next twelve months, if any, will not be significant. However, if the trading market for our Convertible Notes becomes closed or restricted due to market turmoil or other reasons such that the notes cannot be traded, or if the trading price of our Convertible Notes, which normally trade at a marginal premium to the underlying composite stock-and-interest economic value, no longer includes that marginal premium, holders of our Convertible Notes may elect to convert the notes to cash.
We currently have sufficient available cash, combined with borrowing capacity available under our Credit Facility, to fund such conversions.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
A summary of future obligations under our various contractual obligations and commitments as of December 31, 2015,2016, was disclosed in our 20152016 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There were no material changes to this previously filed information outside the ordinary course of business during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2017. For further discussion and maturities ofadditional information regarding our long-term debt, including maturity dates, refer to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, in Note 10, "Debt."7, “Debt.”
Critical Accounting EstimatesCRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
When we prepare our consolidated financial statements, we use estimates and assumptions that may affect reported amounts and disclosures; actual results could differ from these estimates. Our critical accounting estimates relate to:
Health Plans segment medical claims and benefits payable. Refer to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 9, "Medical6, “Medical Claims and Benefits Payable",” for a table whichthat presents the components of the change in medical claims and benefits payable, and for additional information regarding the factors used to determine our changes in estimates for all periods presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Other than the discussion as noted above, there have been no significant changes during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, to our disclosure reported in Part II, Item 7 of“Critical Accounting Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.2016.
Health Plans segment contractual provisions that may adjust or limit revenue or profit. For a discussion of this topic, including amounts recorded toin our consolidated financial statements, refer to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2, "SignificantSignificant Accounting Policies."Policies.”
Health Plans segment quality incentives. For a discussion of this topic, including amounts recorded toin our consolidated financial statements, refer to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2, "SignificantSignificant Accounting Policies."Policies.”
Molina Medicaid Solutions segment revenue and cost recognition. There have been no significant changes during the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, to our disclosure reported in Part II, Item 7 of“Critical Accounting Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.2016.

Item 3. QuantitativeGoodwill and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
For information regarding market risk, see Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q,intangible assets, net. Please refer to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 2, "SignificantSignificant Accounting Policies",” regarding our adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2017-04 as of June 30, 2017, which has simplified the test for goodwill impairment. We recorded impairment charges of $61 million for goodwill and $11 million for intangible assets, or $72 million in the aggregate, reported in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as “Impairment losses.” At June 30, 2017, goodwill and intangible assets, net, represented approximately 8% of total assets and 44% of total stockholders’ equity, compared with 10% and 46%, respectively, at December 31, 2016. Refer to Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 5, "Fair Value Measurements," and Note 6, "Investments."10, “Impairment Losses.”
Inflation
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION
FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT U.S. GAAP (NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES)
We use various strategiesthese non-GAAP financial measures as supplemental metrics in evaluating our financial performance, making financing and business decisions, and forecasting and planning for future periods. For these reasons, management believes such measures are useful supplemental measures to mitigateinvestors in comparing our performance to the negative effectsperformance of other public companies in the health care cost inflation. Specifically, our health plans try to control medicalindustry.
EBITDA*
We believe that earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and hospital costs through contracts with independent providers of health care services. Through these contracted providers, our health plans emphasize preventive health care and appropriate use of specialty and hospital services. There can be no assurance, however, that our strategies to mitigate health care cost inflation will be successful. Competitive pressures, new health care and pharmaceutical product introductions, demands from health care providers and customers, applicable regulations, or other factors may affectamortization (EBITDA*) is helpful in assessing our ability to control health care costs.meet the cash demands of our operating units.
Compliance Costs
Our health plans
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 2016
 (In millions)
Net (loss) income$(230) $33
 $(153) $57
Adjustments:       
Depreciation, and amortization of intangible assets and capitalized software44
 39
 90
 76
Interest expense27
 25
 53
 50
Income tax (benefit) expense(84) 47
 (30) 87
EBITDA*$(243) $144
 $(40) $270
ADJUSTED NET (LOSS) INCOME* AND ADJUSTED NET (LOSS) INCOME PER SHARE*
We believe that adjusted net (loss) income* and adjusted net (loss) income per diluted share* are regulated by both state and federal government agencies. Regulationhelpful in assessing our financial performance exclusive of managed care products and health care services is an evolving areathe non-cash impact of law that varies from jurisdictionthe amortization of purchased intangibles. The following table reconciles net income, which we believe to jurisdiction. Regulatory agencies generally have discretionbe the most comparable GAAP measure, to issue regulations and interpret and enforce laws and rules. Changes in applicable laws and rules occur frequently. Compliance with such laws and rules may lead to additional costs related to the implementation of additional systems, procedures and programs that we have not yet identified.adjusted net (loss) income*.
 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 2016
 (In millions, except diluted per-share amounts)
Net (loss) income$(230) $(4.10) $33
 $0.58
 $(153) $(2.74) $57
 $1.01
Adjustment:               
Amortization of intangible assets8
 0.14
 8
 0.14
 17
 0.30
 15
 0.27
Income tax effect (1)
(3) (0.05) (3) (0.05) (6) (0.11) (5) (0.10)
Amortization of intangible assets, net of tax effect5
 0.09
 5
 0.09
 11
 0.19
 10
 0.17
Adjusted net (loss) income*$(225) $(4.01) $38
 $0.67
 $(142) $(2.55) $67
 $1.18
__________________________
(1)Income tax effect of adjustments calculated at the blended federal and state statutory tax rate of 37%.

Item 4. Controls and ProceduresCONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures: Our management, with the participation of our interim chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, has concluded, based upon its evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report, that the Company’s "disclosure“disclosure controls and procedures"procedures” (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"“Exchange Act”)), were not effective at the reasonable assurance level because of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below. Notwithstanding the material weakness described below, management has concluded that our consolidated financial statements included in this interim report on Form 10-Q are fairly stated in all material

respects in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for each of the periods presented herein.
Existence of a Material Weakness in Internal Control as of December 31, 2016
As disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on the framework set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013)issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
We determined that a material weakness existed in our internal control over financial reporting relating to the operation of an element of our process for calculating the amount owed to California by our California health plan. More specifically, a Medicaid Expansion contract amendment executed in the fourth quarter of 2016 changed the medical loss ratio corridor formula and such amendment was not initially considered in determining the liability. As a result, we understated net income by $44 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, which was material to our consolidated results for the year ended December 31, 2016. This amount was corrected prior to the issuance of our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Because of this material weakness, management concluded that we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria described in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by COSO.
Remediation Plan for Material Weakness
We are executing the remediation plan developed to address the material weakness reported as of December 31, 2016. The remediation efforts we have implemented include the development of robust protocols to ensure that information requiredthe control, relating to be disclosedthe review of a contractual amendment affecting the computation of the Medicaid Expansion medical loss ratio corridor for our California health plan, is operating as designed. We believe these measures will remediate the material weakness identified above and will strengthen our internal control over financial reporting for the computation of our California Medicaid Expansion medical loss ratio corridor. We currently are targeting to complete the implementation of the control enhancements during 2017. We will test the ongoing operating effectiveness of the control enhancements subsequent to implementation, and consider the material weakness remediated after the applicable remedial control enhancements operate effectively for a sufficient period of time. If the remedial measures described above are insufficient to address the material weakness described above, or are not implemented timely, or additional deficiencies arise in the reports that we filefuture, material misstatements in our interim or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specifiedannual financial statements may occur in the SEC’s rulesfuture and forms.

could have the effects described in “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting: There has been noExcept as described above, management did not identify any change in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.Legal ProceedingsLEGAL PROCEEDINGS
For information regarding legal proceedings, see Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q,Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 14, "Commitments13, “Commitments and Contingencies."

Item 1A. Risk FactorsRISK FACTORS
Certain risk factors may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations, and you should carefully consider them. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A – Risk“Risk Factors, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20152016 and under Part II, Item 1A – Risk Factors, in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2016.2017. The risk factors described herein, and in our 20152016 Annual Report on Form 10-K and 2016 first quarterour Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017, are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations.
The Restructuring Plan may be disruptive, and we may not fully realize the anticipated benefits. 

As discussed herein, we recently initiated a comprehensive Restructuring Plan to improve our profitability and operational efficiency. As part of that Restructuring Plan, we are re-designing core operating processes such as provider payment, utilization management, quality monitoring and improvement, and information technology. We are also streamlining our organization structure, including eliminating redundant layers of management. Finally, we are reducing our workforce by approximately 10%, or 1,400 full-time-equivalent positions. While we expect to benefit from the implementation of the Restructuring Plan, estimates of cost savings are inherently uncertain, and we may not be able to achieve these cost savings, or the expected operating efficiencies, within the periods we have projected, or at all. Restructuring activities may also result in a loss of continuity or institutional knowledge, inefficiency, depressed employee morale, and litigation during transitional periods and thereafter. Internal restructurings can also require a significant amount of time and focus from management and other employees, which may divert attention from our ongoing business operations. In addition, our implementation of the Restructuring Plan will require significant upfront costs. Our estimate of the costs necessary to achieve the cost savings we have identified may prove to be inaccurate, and any increase in such costs may affect our ability to achieve our anticipated cost savings within the period we have projected, or at all. If the Restructuring Plan fails to achieve all of the anticipated benefits, our business, financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. 

An impairment charge with respect to our recorded goodwill, or our finite-lived intangible assets, could have a material impact on our financial results.

As of December 31, 2016, the carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets, net, amounted to $620 million, and $140 million, respectively. Intangible assets are amortized generally on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. For the reasons described below, as of June 30, 2017 the carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets, net, had declined to $559 million, and $112 million, respectively.

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in business combinations. Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to an annual impairment test. We are required to test at least annually for impairment, or more frequently if adverse events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. We estimate the fair values of our reporting units using discounted cash flows.

Finite-lived, separately-identified intangible assets acquired in business combinations are assets that represent future expected benefits but lack physical substance (such as purchased contract rights and provider contracts). Following the identification of any potential impairment indicators, to determine whether an impairment exists, we would compare the carrying amount of a finite-lived intangible asset with the undiscounted cash flows that are expected to result from the use of the asset or related group of assets.

In the discounted cash flow analyses, we must make assumptions about a wide variety of internal and external factors, and consider the price that would be received to sell the reporting unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Significant assumptions include financial projections of free

cash flow (including significant assumptions about operations, capital requirements and income taxes), long-term growth rates for determining terminal value beyond the discretely forecasted periods, and discount rates. If these assumptions differ from actual results, the outcome of our impairment tests could be adversely affected.

Based on our impairment tests, we recorded $72 million in non-cash impairment losses for goodwill and intangibles, primarily relating to our Pathways subsidiary. In the course of developing our restructuring and profitability improvement plan, we determined that future benefits to be derived from Pathways (including integration with our health plans) will be less than previously anticipated.

We cannot accurately predict the amount and timing of any future impairment charges.  Additional events could occur that would cause us to further revise our estimates and assumptions used in analyzing the value of our goodwill, and intangible assets, net. For example, if the responsive bid of one or more of our health plans is not successful, we will lose our Medicaid contract in the applicable state or states. If such state health plans have recorded goodwill and intangible assets, net, the contract loss could result in a non-cash impairment charge. Additionally, if we are unable to procure new state MMIS contracts, the outcome of our goodwill impairment tests could be adversely affected and result in a non-cash impairment charge. Such a non-cash impairment charge could have a material adverse impact on our financial results.

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of ProceedsUNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
Unregistered Issuances of Equity SecuritiesISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
None.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Share repurchase activitycommon stock made by us, or on our behalf during the three monthsquarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 was as follows:2017, including shares withheld by us to satisfy our employees’ income tax obligations, are set forth below:
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (a)
 
Average Price 
Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly 
Announced 
Plans or
Programs
 
Maximum 
Number (or Approximate 
Dollar Value)
of Shares that May Yet Be
Purchased Under the Plans
or Programs (b)
July 1 - July 31667
 $49.83
 
 $50,000,000
August 1 - August 31573
 $56.16
 
 $50,000,000
September 1 - September 30329
 $53.54
 
 $50,000,000
Total1,569
 $52.92
 
  
 
Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
 
Average Price 
Paid per Share
 
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly 
Announced 
Plans or
Programs
 
Approximate 
Dollar Value
of Shares Authorized to Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs
April 1 - April 3012,389
 $45.60
 
 $
May 1 - May 31223,661
 $62.45
 
 $
June 1 - June 30
 $
 
 $
Total236,050
 $61.56
 
  
_______________________
(a)(1)During the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2017, we withheld 1,569236,050 shares of common stock under our 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to settle our employees'employee income tax obligations.

INDEX TO EXHIBITS
(b)Exhibit No.EffectiveTitle
4.1
4.2
4.3
10.1
31.1
32.1
101.INS XBRL Taxonomy Instance Document.
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL 
101.DEF 
101.LAB 
101.PRE 
Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
None.
Item 5.    Other Information
None.
Item 6.    Exhibits
Reference is made to the accompanying Index to Exhibits.


SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
   MOLINA HEALTHCARE, INC.
   (Registrant)
   
Dated:October 27, 2016August 2, 2017 /s/ JOSEPH M. MOLINA, M.D.W. WHITE
   Joseph M. Molina, M.D.W. White
   Chairman of the Board,
Interim Chief Executive Officer and President
   (Principal Executive Officer)
   
Dated:October 27, 2016August 2, 2017 /s/ JOHN C. MOLINA, J.D.JOSEPH W. WHITE
   John C. Molina, J.D.Joseph W. White
   Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
   (Principal Financial Officer)


INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Molina Healthcare, Inc. 2017 Form 10-Q | 62
Exhibit No.Title
2.1Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 6, 2016, between Molina Healthcare, Inc. and Aetna Inc. (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Molina Healthcare, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 5, 2016.)
2.2Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of August 6, 2016, between Molina Healthcare, Inc. and Humana Inc. (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Molina Healthcare, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 5, 2016.)
10.1Commitment Letter, dated August 2, 2016, between Molina Healthcare, Inc. and Barclays Bank PLC (Incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Molina Healthcare, Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed August 5, 2016.)
10.2*Molina Healthcare, Inc. 2011 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Filed to reflect immaterial amendments approved by the Board of Directors on July 26, 2016).
10.3*Amendment No. 3, dated as of August 8, 2016, to the Molina Healthcare, Inc. Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan (2013).
10.4*Molina Healthcare, Inc. 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (Filed to reflect amendment to Section 16.2 approved by the Compensation Committee on October 25, 2016).
31.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
31.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
32.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS XBRL Taxonomy Instance Document.
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

52