UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 


Form 10-Q

 


 

xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 20072008

or

 

¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from            to            

Commission file number 0-28030

 


i2 Technologies, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 


 

Delaware 75-2294945

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

One i2 Place

11701 Luna Road

Dallas, Texas

 75234
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(469) 357-1000

(Registrant'sRegistrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 


Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as definedor a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Act. (check one):

Large accelerated filer  ¨    Accelerated filer  x    Non-accelerated filer  ¨

Large accelerated filer  ¨Accelerated filer  x
Non-accelerated filer  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)  ¨Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of November 1, 2007,3, 2008, the Registrant had 21,432,74821,823,037 shares of $0.00025 par value Common Stock outstanding.

 



i2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

September 30, 20072008

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

  Page
PART IFINANCIAL INFORMATION  3
    Item 1. 

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

  3
 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

  3
 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income

  4
 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

  6
 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

  7
    Item 2. 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  1517
    Item 3. 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

32
    Item 4.

Controls and Procedures

32
PART II OTHER INFORMATION34
    Item 1.

Legal Proceedings

34
    Item 1A.

Risk Factors

34
    Item 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

35
    Item 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

  35
    Item 4. 

Controls and Procedures

35
PART IIOTHER INFORMATION
    Item 1.Legal Proceedings36
    Item 1A.Risk Factors36
    Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds36
    Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities37
    Item 4.Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

  3537
    Item 5. 

Other Information

  3537
    Item 6. 

Exhibits

  3537
SIGNATURES  3738

PART 1. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

i2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except par value)

(Unaudited)(unaudited)

 

  

September 30,

2007

 

December 31,

2006

   September 30,
2008
 December 31,
2007
 
ASSETS      

Current assets:

      

Cash and cash equivalents

  $114,621  $109,419   $221,162  $120,978 

Restricted cash

   6,388   4,626    6,646   8,456 

Accounts receivable, net

   28,576   25,677    26,991   25,108 

Other current assets

   9,061   9,231    8,306   7,746 
              

Total current assets

   158,646   148,953    263,105   162,288 

Premises and equipment, net

   8,475   10,691    5,381   7,559 

Goodwill

   16,684   14,760    16,684   16,684 

Non-current deferred tax asset

   9,178   8,060    6,890   8,454 

Other non-current assets

   7,630   7,605    6,284   7,168 
              

Total assets

  $200,613  $190,069   $298,344  $202,153 
              
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)   

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

   

Current liabilities:

      

Accounts payable

  $6,388  $11,283   $4,103  $4,741 

Accrued liabilities

   20,794   22,245    18,523   14,631 

Accrued compensation and related expenses

   14,882   24,010    16,985   17,636 

Deferred revenue

   65,350   74,047    62,772   61,715 
              

Total current liabilities

   107,414   131,585    102,383   98,723 

Total long-term debt, net

   84,296   83,822    84,926   84,453 

Taxes payable

   4,476   —      6,155   4,484 
              

Total liabilities

   196,186   215,407    193,464   187,660 

Commitments and contingencies

      

Stockholders’ equity (deficit):

   

Stockholders’ equity:

   

Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding

   —     —      —     —   

Series A junior participating preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 2,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding

   —     —      —     —   

Series B 2.5% convertible preferred stock, $1,000 par value, 150 shares authorized, 105 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006

   102,013   101,686 

Common stock, $0.00025 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, 21,417 and 21,005 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively

   5   5 

Series B 2.5% convertible preferred stock, $1,000 par value, 150 shares authorized, 108 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and 107 issued and outstanding December 31, 2007

   105,116   103,450 

Common stock, $0.00025 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized, 21,814 and 21,448 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively

   5   5 

Additional paid-in capital

   10,455,155   10,442,261    10,467,213   10,458,101 

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   9,321   2,398    4,328   9,963 

Accumulated deficit

   (10,562,067)  (10,571,688)   (10,471,782)  (10,557,026)
              

Net stockholders’ equity (deficit)

   4,427   (25,338)

Net stockholders’ equity

   104,880   14,493 
              

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)

  $200,613  $190,069 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $298,344  $202,153 
              

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

i2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)(unaudited)

 

  Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
  2007 2006 2007 2006   2008 2007 2008 2007 

Revenues:

          

Software solutions

  $10,522  $20,569  $35,367  $52,879   $10,562  $10,522  $34,802  $35,367 

Services

   33,365   27,007   93,613   77,023    33,316   33,365   92,666   93,613 

Maintenance

   22,571   23,745   65,598   70,080    20,875   22,571   64,588   65,598 

Contract

   —     33   2,450   99    —     —     —     2,450 
                          

Total revenues

   66,458   71,354   197,028   200,081    64,753   66,458   192,056   197,028 
                          

Costs and expenses:

          

Cost of revenues:

          

Software solutions

   2,066   3,271   6,715   9,121    2,296   2,066   7,784   6,715 

Services and maintenance

   27,420   25,156   81,467   73,002 

Services

   22,218   24,752   68,313   73,062 

Maintenance

   2,368   2,668   7,866   8,405 

Amortization of acquired technology

   6   —     19   —      —     6   4   19 

Sales and marketing

   7,928   12,307   32,582   35,976    10,518   7,928   35,540   32,582 

Research and development

   8,224   8,818   25,779   26,698    7,384   8,224   22,558   25,779 

General and administrative

   9,264   15,252   30,192   40,634    9,402   8,808   29,830   29,691 

Amortization of intangibles

   25   —     53   —      25   25   75   53 

Restructuring charges and adjustments

   3,921   (103)  3,847   (248)   —     3,921   —     3,847 
                          

Costs and expenses, subtotal

   54,211   58,398   171,970   180,153 

Intellectual property settlement, net

   —     456   (79,860)  501 
             

Total costs and expenses

   58,854   64,701   180,654   185,183    54,211   58,854   92,110   180,654 
                          

Operating income

   7,604   6,653   16,374   14,898    10,542   7,604   99,946   16,374 
                          

Non-operating (expense) income, net:

     

Non-operating (expense), net:

     

Interest income

   1,413   1,553   4,061   3,771    1,212   1,413   3,339   4,061 

Interest expense

   (1,236)  (1,523)  (3,712)  (4,595)   (1,237)  (1,236)  (3,711)  (3,712)

Realized gains on investments, net

   —     —     1   501    —     —     —     1 

Foreign currency hedge and transaction losses, net

   (107)  (207)  (298)  (245)   (639)  (107)  (1,244)  (298)

Other expense, net

   (300)  (327)  (853)  (289)   (5,674)  (300)  (5,391)  (853)
                          

Total non-operating expense, net

   (230)  (504)  (801)  (857)

Total non-operating (expense), net

   (6,338)  (230)  (7,007)  (801)
                          

Income before income taxes

   7,374   6,149   15,573   14,041    4,204   7,374   92,939   15,573 

Income tax expense

   2,057   1,595   3,655   4,906    1,508   2,057   5,349   3,655 
                          

Net income

  $5,317  $4,554  $11,918  $9,135   $2,696  $5,317  $87,590  $11,918 
                          

Preferred stock dividend and accretion of discount

   773   770   2,297   2,169    794   773   2,346   2,297 
                          

Net income applicable to common stockholders

  $4,544  $3,784  $9,621  $6,966   $1,902  $4,544  $85,244  $9,621 
                          

Net income per common share applicable to common stockholders:

          

Basic

  $0.18  $0.15  $0.37  $0.28   $0.07  $0.18  $3.26  $0.37 

Diluted

  $0.17  $0.15  $0.36  $0.27   $0.07  $0.17  $3.21  $0.36 

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:

          

Basic

   25,900   25,370   25,760   25,271    26,337   25,900   26,175   25,760 

Diluted

   26,541   25,892   26,827   25,770    26,851   26,541   26,578   26,827 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

i2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)(unaudited)

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   2007  2006  2007  2006

Comprehensive income:

        

Net income applicable to common stockholders

  $4,544  $3,784  $9,621  $6,966
                

Other comprehensive income:

        

Foreign currency translation adjustments

   3,280   173   6,923   2,366
                

Total other comprehensive income

   3,280   173   6,923   2,366
                

Total comprehensive income

  $7,824  $3,957  $16,544  $9,332
                
   Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   2008  2007  2008  2007

Comprehensive income (loss):

      

Net income applicable to common stockholders

  $1,902  $4,544  $85,244  $9,621
                

Other comprehensive income (expense):

      

Foreign currency translation adjustments

   (5,321)  3,280   (5,634)  6,923
                

Total other comprehensive income (expense)

   (5,321)  3,280   (5,634)  6,923
                

Total comprehensive income (loss)

  $(3,419) $7,824  $79,610  $16,544
                

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

i2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)(unaudited)

 

  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   Nine Months Ended September 30, 
  2007 2006   2008 2007 

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income

  $11,918  $9,135   $87,590  $11,918 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

      

Amortization of debt issuance expense

   813   773 

Warrant accretion

   473   473 

Depreciation and amortization

   4,877   5,609    2,738   3,631 

Stock based compensation

   9,668   12,712    8,661   9,668 

Gain on extinguishment of debt

   —     (3)

Gain on sale of securities

   —     (501)

Loss (gain) on disposal of equipment

   251   (46)

Credit for bad debts charged to costs and expenses

   (88)  (266)

Loss on disposal of premises and equipment

   143   251 

Expense (credit) for bad debts charged to costs and expenses

   173   (88)

Deferred income taxes

   (26)  782    1,526   (26)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding the effects of acquisitions:

      

Accounts receivable

   (2,579)  6    (2,097)  (2,579)

Other assets

   5,885   3,868    (8,420)  5,885 

Accounts payable

   (1,128)  (77)   559   (1,128)

Taxes payable

   1,931   —   

Accrued liabilities

   (2,415)  (7,518)   3,622   (2,415)

Accrued compensation and related expenses

   (9,561)  (5,094)   294   (9,561)

Deferred revenue

   (8,811)  (9,802)   929   (8,811)
              

Net cash provided by operating activities

   7,991   8,805    98,935   7,991 
              

Cash flows used in investing activities:

   

Restrictions placed on cash

   (1,762)  (325)

Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities:

   

Restrictions (placed) released on cash

   1,810   (1,762)

Purchases of premises and equipment

   (1,229)  (1,664)   (848)  (1,229)

Proceeds from sale of premises and equipment

   24   143    13   24 

Proceeds from sale of securities

   —     501 

Business acquisition

   (2,124)  (569)

Business acquisitions

   —     (2,124)
              

Net cash used in investing activities

   (5,091)  (1,914)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

   975   (5,091)
              

Cash flows provided by financing activities:

      

Repurchase of debt

   —     (3,149)

Proceeds from sale of convertible debt

   —     7,500 

Cash dividends paid - preferred stock

   (1,307)  —      —     (1,307)

Payment of debt issuance costs

   —     (483)

Net proceeds from common stock issuance from options and employee stock purchase plans

   3,201   1,133    450   3,201 
              

Net cash provided by financing activities

   1,894   5,001    450   1,894 
              

Effect of exchange rates on cash

   408   181    (176)  408 
              

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

   5,202   12,073    100,184   5,202 

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

   109,419   112,882    120,978   109,419 
              

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

  $114,621  $124,955   $221,162  $114,621 
              

Supplemental cash flow information

      

Interest paid

  $2,156  $2,688   $2,156  $2,156 

Income taxes paid (net of refunds received)

  $3,411  $3,866   $3,309  $3,411 

Schedule of non-cash financing activities

      

Preferred stock dividend and accretion of discount

  $990  $2,169   $2,346  $990 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

i2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Table dollars in thousands, except per share data)

(Unaudited)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Nature of Operations.We are a provider of supply chain management solutions, includingconsisting of various software and service offerings. In addition to application software, we offer hosted software solutions, such as business optimization and technical consulting, managed services, training, solution maintenance, software upgrades and development. We operate our business in one business segment. Supply chain management is the set of processes, technology and expertise involved in managing supply, demand and fulfillment throughout divisions within a company and with its customers, suppliers and partners. The goals of our solutions include increasing supply chain efficiency and enhancing customer and supplier relationships by managing variability, reducing complexity, improving operational visibility, increasing operating velocity and integrating planning and execution. Our offerings are designed to help customers better achieve the following critical business objectives:

Our application software is often bundled with other service offerings we provide, such as assistance in implementation, integration, customization, training, consulting and maintenance. Our offerings are designed to help customers better achieve the following critical business objectives:

Visibility – a clear and unobstructed view up and down the supply chain

Planning – supply chain optimization to match supply and demand considering system-wide constraints

Collaboration – interoperability with supply chain partners and elimination of functional silos

Control – management of data and business processes across the extended supply chain

Basis of Presentation.Our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared by management and reflect all adjustments (all of which are normal and recurring in nature, with the exception of certain accruals, mainly related to 2006, discussed inNote 7,Commitments and Contingencies)nature) that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any subsequent quarter or for the entire year ending December 31, 2007.2008. Certain information and disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted under the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) rules and regulations. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto, together with management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20062007 filed on March 30, 200717, 2008 with the SEC (2006(2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K).

Recent Accounting Pronouncements.PronouncementsIn September 2006, the FASB issuedWe adopted SFAS No. 157,Fair Value Measurements.”Measurements SFAS No. 157, on January 1, 2008. The statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. This Statement applies tofair-value measurements required under other accounting pronouncements that requirepronouncements. It does not change existing guidance as to whether or permitnot an instrument is carried at fair value measurements, the FASB having previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement attribute.value. Adoption of SFAS No. 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. We plan to adopt SFAS No. 157 beginning in the first quarter of 2008. We are currently evaluating thedid not have a material impact of SFAS No. 157 on our financial statements.

In February 20072008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-1 (FSP FAS 157-1), which excludes SFAS No. 13, “Accounting for Leases” and certain other accounting pronouncements that address fair value measurements under SFAS 13, from the scope of SFAS 157. In February 2008, the FASB also issued FASB Staff Position No. 157-2 (FSP 157-2), which provides a one-year delayed application of SFAS 157 for nonfinancial assets and liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). The Company is required to adopt SFAS 157 as amended by FSP FAS 157-1 and FSP FAS 157-2 on January 1, 2009. We are currently assessing the impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

We adopted SFAS No. 159,The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.Liabilities The standard, on January 1, 2008. This statement permits but does not require entities to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Once an entity has elected the fair value option for designated financial instruments and other items, changes in fair value must be recognized in the statement of operations. The election is irrevocable once made. The statementAdoption of SFAS No. 159 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement No. 141R, Business Combinations (“SFAS No. 141R) which changes how an entity accounts for the acquisition of a business. When effective, SFAS No. 141R will replace existing SFAS No. 141 in its entirety, will amend SFAS No. 109 and Interpretation 48 and also will amend the goodwill impairment test requirements in SFAS No. 142. SFAS No. 141R is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is prohibited.

We currently record all changes to a valuation allowance for acquired deferred tax assets or the effect of changes in an acquired tax position that occur after the acquisition date by initially reducing the related goodwill to zero, next by reducing other noncurrent intangible assets related to the acquisition to zero and lastly by reducing income tax expense. However, SFAS No. 141R amends SFAS No. 109 and Interpretation 48 to require us to recognize changes to the valuation allowance for an acquired deferred tax asset or the effect of changes to an acquired tax position as adjustments to income tax expense or contributed capital, as appropriate, and not as adjustments to goodwill. This accounting will be required when SFAS No. 141R becomes effective (January 1, 2009) and applies to valuation allowances and tax positions related to acquisitions accounted for originally under SFAS No. 141 as well as those accounted for under SFAS No. 141R.

We intend to adopt SFAS No. 141R effective January 1, 2009 and apply its provisions prospectively. We are evaluating the impact that the adoption of SFAS No. 141R will have on our financial statements.

In May 2008, the FASB issued Statement No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”. The new standard is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). The pronouncement mandates that the GAAP hierarchy reside in the accounting literature as opposed to audit literature. This pronouncement will become effective 60 days following SEC approval. The Company does not believe this pronouncement will impact its financial statements.

In May 2008, the FASB issued FASB staff position (FSP) APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash Upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP APB 14-1”). FSP APB 14-1 requires that the liability and equity components of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) be separately accounted for in a manner that reflects an issuer’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years and shall be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. Early adoption of FSP APB 14-1 is not permitted.

Our 5% Senior Convertible Notes (“Notes”) are within the scope of FSP APB 14-1. During the first fiscal year after November 15, 2007.quarter of 2009, we will be required to report the debt components of the Notes at fair value as of the date of issuance and amortize the discount as an increase to interest expense over the expected life of the debt. The implementation of this standard will result in a decrease to net income and earnings per share for all periods presented; however, there is no effect on our cash interest payments. We are currently evaluatingassessing the impact of adopting FSP APB 14-1 on our financial condition and results of operations.

From time to time, new accounting permittedpronouncements applicable to the Company are issued by the standard and have not determined if the fair value option will be elected for eligible financial instrumentsFASB or other items.standards setting bodies, which we will adopt as of the specified effective date. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe the impact of recently issued standards that are not yet effective will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

2. Investment Securities

Short-term time deposits and other liquid investments in debt securities with original maturities of less than three months when acquired are classified as available-for-sale and reported as cash and cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Based on their maturities, interest rate movements do not affect the balance sheet valuation of these investments. Investment securities reported as cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 20072008 and December 31, 20062007 were as follows:

 

    

September 30,

2007

  

December 31,

2006

Short-term time deposits

   9,771  $4,048

Commercial paper

   —     86,376
        
  $9,771  $90,424
        
   September 30,
2008
  December 31,
2007

Short-term time deposits

  $587   5,143
        
  $587  $5,143
        

Due to volatility in the capital markets, beginning in the third quarter of 2007 we chose not to invest in commercial paper and instead invested in money market instruments. These money market instruments are reflected in cash and cash equivalents on our balance sheet.

We typically invest our cash in a variety of interest-earning financial instruments, including bank time deposits, money market funds and taxable and tax-exempt variable-rate and fixed-rate obligations of corporations and federal, state and local governmental entities and agencies. These investments are primarily denominated in U.S. Dollars. Furthermore, we attemptDue to limiteconomic volatility, at the end of the third quarter 2008, all of our restricted cashshort-term investments were invested in Treasury and cash balances held in foreign locations.Agency securities.

3. Borrowings and Debt Issuance Costs

The following table summarizes the outstanding debt and related capitalized debt issuance costs recorded on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 20072008 and December 31, 2006.2007.

 

  

September 30,

2007

 

December 31,

2006

   September 30,
2008
 December 31,
2007
 

Senior convertible notes, 5% annual rate payable semi-annually, due November 15, 2015

   86,250   86,250    86,250   86,250 

Unamortized discount on 5% notes

   (1,955)  (2,428)   (1,324)  (1,797)
              

Total debt

  $84,296  $83,822   $84,926  $84,453 
              

Capitalized debt issuance costs, net

  $3,430  $4,203   $2,348  $3,161 
              

We recorded capitalized debt issuance costs, net of accumulated amortization, in other non-current assets and are amortizing these costs over a five-year period, beginning in November 2005.

In connection with the issuance of our 5% senior convertible notes, we issued certain warrants to purchase our common stock. We assessed the characteristics of the warrants and determined that they should be included in additional paid in capital in the stockholders’ equity (deficit) portion of our condensed consolidated balance sheet, valued using a Black-Scholes model. The effect of recording the warrants as equity is that the 5% senior convertible notes are recorded at an original discount to their face value. The discount recorded was originally $3.1 million, and this discount is being accreted as interest expense through earnings over five years. We determined a five-year life to be appropriate due to the conversion features of the 5% senior convertible notes and our assessment of the probability that the debt would be converted prior to the scheduled maturity.

4. Restructuring Charges and Adjustments

Restructuring Plans.In the third quarter of 2007,prior periods, we implemented a restructuring plan eliminating approximately 50 positions. The purpose of the restructuring was to reduce management layers to both decrease cost and increase speed

around decision-making and internal processes. The realignmentplans, which included the elimination of certain management levelspersonnel as well as other targeted cost reductions. The third quarter 2007 charge was approximately $3.9 million, primarily related to severance costs. We expect to complete this restructuring in the fourth quarter of 2007. In previous periods, we implemented restructuring plans to reduce operating expenses. SeeNote 11, Restructuring Charges and Adjustments, in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 20062007 Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of our previous restructuring plans.

The following table summarizes the changes to our restructuring accruals, as well as the components of the remaining restructuring accruals at September 30, 2008 and 2007.

  Employee Severance and
Termination
 Office Closure and
Consolidation
 Total   Employee Severance and
Termination
 Office Closure and
Consolidation
 Total 
  2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006   2008 2007 2008  2007 2008 2007 

January 1,

  $192  $234  $123  $1,343  $315  $1,577   $283  $192   —    $123  $283  $315 
                                      

Adjustments to 2001 and 2002 restructuring plans

   (8)  —     (17)  (50)  (25)  (50)

Adjustments to restructuring plans

   —     (8)  —     (17)  —     (25)

Cash payments

   —     (6)  (32)  (358)  (32)  (364)   (108)  —     —     (32)  (108)  (32)
                                      

Remaining accrual balance at March 31,

  $184  $228  $74  $935  $258  $1,163   $175  $184  $—    $74  $175  $258 
                                      

Adjustments to 2001 and 2002 restructuring plans

   —     (36)  (49)  (59)  (49)  (95)

Adjustments to restructuring plans

   —     —     —     (49)  —     (49)

Cash payments

   —     —     10   (294)  10   (294)   (46)  —     —     10   (46)  10 
                                      

Remaining accrual balance at June 30,

  $184  $192  $35  $582  $219  $774   $129  $184  $—    $35  $129  $219 
                                      

Adjustments to 2001 and 2002 restructuring plans

   —     —     (60)  (103)  (60)  (103)

2007 Plan expense

   3,782   —     147   (112)  3,929   (112)

Cash payments

   (3,364)  —     25   —     (3,339)  —      (18)  —     —     —     (18)  —   
                                      

Remaining accrual balance at September 30,

  $602  $192  $147  $367  $749  $559   $111  $184  $—    $35  $111  $219 
                                      

5. Net Income Per Common Share

Net Income Per Common Share. Basic net income per common share was computed by dividing net income applicable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period following the two-class method. TheUnder the two-class method, participating convertible securities are required to be included in the calculation of basic net income per common share when the effect is dilutive. Accordingly, for the periods presented, the effect of our participatingthe convertible preferred stock is included in the calculation of basic earningsnet income per share under the two-class method per EITF 03-6, “Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method” under FASB No. 128 —Earnings per Share.common share.

Diluted net income per common share includes the dilutive effect of stock options, share rights awards, and warrants granted using the treasury stock method, and the effect of contingently issuable shares earned during the period and shares issuable under the conversion feature of our convertible debt.debt and convertible preferred stock using the if-converted method. A loss causes all common stock equivalents to be anti-dilutive due to an increase of the weighted average shares from the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts were exercised or converted into common stock. EITF 04-8 requires the inclusion of the effect of contingently convertible instruments in the calculation of diluted income per share including when the market price of our common stock is below the conversion price of the convertible security and the effect is not anti-dilutive. Accordingly, the effect of our convertible debt is consideredincluded in the calculation of diluted earnings per share. Convertible instruments are anti-dilutive when conversion would cause diluted earnings per share althoughto be greater than basic earnings per share. The effect of our convertible preferred stock is included in basic earnings per share under the two-class method per EITF 03-6, “Participating Securities and the Two-Class Method” under FASB No. 128 —Earnings per Share; therefore, it is not dilutive for any ofsimilarly included in diluted income per share when the periods presented.effect is dilutive.

The following is a reconciliation of the number of shares used in the calculation of basic income per share under the two-class method and diluted earnings per share and the number of anti-dilutive shares excluded from such computations for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006.2007.

  Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2007  2006  2007  2006  2008  2007  2008  2007

Common and common equivalent shares outstanding using two-class method - basic:

                

Weighted average common shares outstanding

  21,352  20,822  21,212  20,760  21,674  21,352  21,541  21,212

Participating convertible preferred stock

  4,548  4,548  4,548  4,511  4,663  4,548  4,634  4,548
                        

Total common and common equivalent shares outstanding using two-class method - basic

  25,900  25,370  25,760  25,271  26,337  25,900  26,175  25,760

Effect of dilutive securities:

                

Outstanding stock option and share right awards

  624  522  954  499  514  624  403  954

Warrants associated with 5% debt

  17  —    113  —    —    17  —    113
                        

Weighted average common and common equivalent shares outstanding - diluted

  26,541  25,892  26,827  25,770  26,851  26,541  26,578  26,827
                        

Anti-dilutive shares excluded from calculation:

                

Outstanding stock option and share right awards

  1,313  1,537  1,013  1,481  3,293  1,313  3,451  1,013

Warrants

  —    484  —    484

Convertible debt

  —    23  —    24
                        

Total anti-dilutive shares excluded from calculation

  1,313  2,044  1,013  1,989  3,293  1,313  3,451  1,013
                        

6. Segment Information, International Operations and Customer Concentrations

We operate our business in one segment, as defined by SFAS No. 131,“Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information.”This segment is supply chain management solutions which is designed to help enterprises optimize business processes both internally and among trading partners. SFAS No. 131,“Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information,” establishes standards for the reporting of information about operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, who is our Chief Executive Officer (CEO), in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance.

We market our software and services primarily through our worldwide sales organization augmented by other service providers, including both domestic and international systems consulting and integration firms and other industry-related partners. Our Chief Executive Officer (CEO)chief executive officer evaluates resource allocation decisions and our performance based on financial information, presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by disaggregated information by geographic regions. Sales to our customers generally include products from some or all of our product suites. We have not consistently allocated revenues from such sales to individual products for internal or general-purpose financial statements.

Revenues are attributable to regions based on the locations of ourthe customers’ operations. Total revenues by geographic region, as reported to our CEO, were as follows:

 

  Three Months Ended
September 30,
 Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30 
  2007 2006 2007 2006   2008 2007 2008 2007 

United States

  $35,316  $43,149  $110,362  $113,388   $38,351  $35,316  $112,775  $110,362 

International revenue:

          

Non-US Americas

   1,811   2,379   5,118   8,952    1,454   1,811   3,731   5,118 

Europe, Middle East and Africa

   14,400   13,823   43,792   37,621    14,026   14,400   41,894   43,792 

Greater Asia Pacific

   14,931   12,003   37,756   40,120    10,922   14,931   33,656   37,756 
                          

Total international revenue

   31,142   28,205   86,666   86,693    26,402   31,143   79,282   86,666 
                          

Total Revenue

  $66,458  $71,354  $197,028  $200,081   $64,753  $66,458  $192,056  $197,028 
                          

International revenue as a percent of total revenue

   47%  40%  44%  43%   41%  47%  41%  44%

No individual customer accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues during the periods presented.

Long-lived assets by geographic region excluding deferred taxes, as reported to our CEO, were as follows:

 

    

September 30,

2007

  

December 31,

2006

United States

  $30,316  $30,224

Europe, Middle East, Africa

   123   210

Greater Asia Pacific

   2,350   2,622
        

Total Long Lived Assets

  $32,789  $33,056
        

   September 30, 2008  December 31, 2007

United States

  $26,606  $29,251

Europe, Middle East, Africa

   89   113

Greater Asia Pacific

   1,654   2,047
        

Total Long Lived Assets

  $28,349  $31,411
        

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Derivative Action

On March 7, 2007, a purported shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed in the Delaware Chancery Court against certain of our current and former officers and directors, naming the company as a nominal defendant. The complaint, entitledGeorge Keritsis and Mark Kert v. Michael E. McGrath, Michael J. Berry, Pallab K. Chatterjee, Robert C. Donohoo, Hiten D. Varia, M. Miriam Wardak, Sanjiv S. Sidhu, Stephen P. Bradley, Harvey B. Cash, Richard L. Clemmer, Lloyd G. Waterhouse, Jackson L. Wilson Jr., Robert L. Crandall and i2 Technologies, Inc., alleges breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment in connection with stock option grants to certain of the defendant officers and directors on three dates in 2004 and 2005. The complaint states that those stock option grants were manipulated so as to work to the recipients’ favor when material non-public information about the company was later disclosed to positive or negative effect. The complaint is derivative in nature and does not seek relief from the company, but does seek damages and other relief from the defendant officers and directors. We have entered into indemnification agreements in the ordinary course of business with certain of the defendant officers and directors and may be obligated throughout the pendency of this action to advance payment of legal fees and costs incurred by the defendants pursuant to our obligations under the indemnification agreements and/or applicable Delaware law. The Company reached a settlement agreement with Plaintiffs, which was approved by the Court on November 6, 2008. The settlement required the Company to adopt certain policies regarding the granting of stock options. These policies were implemented prior to the settlement. The settlement does not require the Company to pay any sum to the Plaintiffs except for $200,000 in reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. These costs have been previously accrued and will be paid in the fourth quarter of 2008.

On October 23, 2007, a purported shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed in the Delaware Chancery Court against certain of our current and former officers and directors, naming the company as a nominal defendant. The complaint, entitledJohn McPadden, Sr. v. Sanjiv S. Sidhu, Stephen Bradley, Harvey B. Cash, Richard L. Clemmer, Michael E. McGrath, Lloyd G. Waterhouse, Jackson L. Wilson, Jr., Robert L. Crandall and Anthony Dubreville and i2 Technologies, Inc.,alleges breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment based upon allegations that the company sold its wholly-owned subsidiary, Trade Services Corporation, for an inadequate price in 2005. The complaint is derivative in nature and does not seek relief from the company, but does seek damages and other relief from the defendant officers and directors. Defendants moved to dismiss the Complaint on December 28, 2007. On August 29, 2008, the Court granted the motion to dismiss as to all defendants but former i2 officer Dubreville.

Shareholder Class Action Lawsuits

On August 11, 2008, two suits were filed in state district court in Texas against (among others) the Company and certain members of its Board of Directors. Each of the two suits sought injunctive relief prohibiting the closing of the sale of the Company’s common stock to an affiliate of JDA Software Group, Inc. (“JDA”), and each of the named plaintiffs purported to represent a class of holders of the Company’s common stock. One of the two suits was thereafter dismissed by the plaintiff; the other, styledJohn D. Norsworthy, on Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situated, v. i2 Technologies, Inc., et al., remains pending in the 134th District Court of Dallas County, Texas. In addition to a restraining order and/or an injunction prohibiting the Defendants from consummating the transaction with JDA, Plaintiff Norsworthy seeks rescission of the transaction, declaratory relief, and attorneys’ fees and costs.

On November 5, 2008, the District Court held a hearing on Plaintiff Norsworthy’s motion for a temporary restraining order, and at the conclusion of the hearing denied the motion in its entirety. To date, the Plaintiff has not requested monetary relief other than his attorneys’ fees and costs. Based on the stage of the litigation, it is not known whether he may hereafter do so, nor is it possible to estimate the amount or range of possible loss that might result from an adverse judgment or a settlement of this matter.

Indemnification Agreements

We have indemnification agreements with certain of our officers, directors and employees that may require us, among other things, to indemnify such officers, directors and employees against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors, officers or employees and to advance their expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified. We have also entered into agreements regarding the advancement of costs with certain other officers and employees.

Pursuant to these indemnification and cost-advancement agreements, we have advanced fees and expenses incurred by certain current and former directors, officers and employees in connection with the governmental investigations and actions related to the 2003 restatement of our consolidated financial statements and other matters. We incurred no such expenses during the three months ended September 30, 2008 and incurred approximately $0.1 million of such expensesexpense during the three months ended September 30, 2007, and incurred approximately $4.0 million ofno such expenses duringexpense in the threenine months ended September 30, 2006; we2008 and incurred approximately $0.2 million and $9.2 million of such expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006, respectively.2007.

We may continue to advance fees and expenses incurred by certain current and former directors, officers and employees in the future. The maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these indemnification and cost-advancement agreements is unlimited. Additionally, our corporate by-laws allow us to choose to indemnify any employee for certain events or occurrences while the employee is, or was, serving at our request in such capacity.

Under the terms of our software license agreements with our customers, we agree that in the event the licensed software infringes upon any patent, copyright, trademark, or any other proprietary right of a third-party, we will indemnify our customer licensees against any loss, expense, or liability from any damages that may be awarded against our customer. We include this infringement indemnification in substantially all of our software license agreements and selected managed service arrangements. In the event the customer cannot use the software or service due to infringement and we can not obtain the right to use, replace or modify the software or service in a commercially feasible

manner so that it no longer infringes, then we may terminate the license and provide the customer a pro-rata refund of the fees paid by the customer for the infringing software or service. We have not recorded any liability associated with this indemnification, as we are not aware of any pending or threatened infringement actions that are probable losses. We believe the estimated fair value of these intellectual property indemnification clauses is minimal.

If we believe a liability associated with any of the aforementioned indemnification obligations becomes probable and the amount of the liability is reasonably estimable then an appropriate liability will be recorded in our financial statements.

India Tax Examinations and Assessments

We currently are under income tax examinations in India primarily related to our intercompany pricing for services rendered by our Indian subsidiary to other i2 companies, the taxability of certain payments received from our

Indian customers, and our statutory qualification for a tax holiday, and haveholiday. An aggregate of approximately $6.4 million has been assessed an aggregate of $7.0 millionby the tax authorities for the Indian statutory fiscal years ended March 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004. We believe the Indian tax authorities’ positions regarding our intercompany transactions and tax holiday qualification arethese matters to be without merit, that all intercompany transactions were conducted at appropriatearm’s length pricing levels, all payments received from our Indian customers have been properly treated for tax purposes, and that our operations qualify for the tax holiday claimed. Accordingly, we have appealed all of these assessments and have also sought assistance from the United States competent authority under the mutual agreement procedure of the income tax treaty between the United States and India, whichthe Republic of India. This provides us with an opportunity to resolve these matters in an environment whicha forum that includes governmental representatives of both countries.

Pending resolution of these matters, we have paid $3.4approximately $3.2 million of the assessed amount and have arranged for a $1.3$2.4 million in bank guaranteeguarantees in favor of the Indian government in respect of a portion of the balance.balance as required. The bank guarantee isguarantees are supported by a letterletters of credit issued in the United States and isare reflected on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as restricted cash.

On November 10, 2008, we received notification from the Indian transfer pricing authorities of a proposed adjustment to our India fiscal year end March 31, 2005 results. No tax assessment has been issued regarding this period; however, we expect an assessment to be issued in due course. We paid an additional $70,000expect that the tax assessment will not result in a material adjustment to the amounts we have accrued for this issue and will appeal the assessment consistent with previous assessments received. Similar to previous assessments, if we appeal as part of the assessedappeal process, it’s expected that we will have to provide a letter of credit equal to the assessment amount as well as approximately $134,000 of interest in October 2007, and expect to arrange for a $1.9 million bank guarantee in respect of the remainder of the assessed amount later in the fourth quarter of 2007.plus accrued interest.

We expect subsequent tax years to be examined and assessments made similar to those discussed above and no assurances can be given that these issues ultimately will be resolved in our favor. We continue to monitor and assess these issues as they progress through the relevant processes and believe that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not exceed the tax contingency reserves we have established for them.

SAP Litigation

On June 23, 2008 we entered into a settlement agreement with SAP America, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and SAP AG, a German corporation and the parent of SAP America, Inc., to settle existing patent litigation between us and the SAP companies.

Under the terms of the settlement agreement, each party licenses to the other party certain patents in exchange for a one-time cash payment to i2 of $83.3 million, which was received in the third quarter of 2008. In addition, each party has agreed not to pursue legal action against the other party for its actions taken to enforce any of the licensed patents prior to the effective date of the agreement. The agreement also provides for general releases, indemnification for its violation, and dismisses the existing litigations between the parties with prejudice. We have satisfied all our obligations under the agreement and no additional contingencies exist with respect to receipt of the settlement proceeds.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, we recorded income from an intellectual property lawsuit settlement. The settlement was for $83.3 million and was recorded net of external litigation expenses of $3.5 million for the nine-month period ending September 30, 2008. The patent licenses received in the settlement have no significant value.

Certain Accruals

We have accrued for estimated losses in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements for matters where we believe the likelihood of an adverse outcome is probable and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable.

We are subject to various claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of our business from time to time, including claims and legal proceedings that have been asserted against us by former employees and certain customers, and have been in negotiations to settle certain of those contingencies. The adverse resolution of any one or more of those matters or the matters described above, over and above the amount, if any, that has been estimated and accrued in our condensed consolidated financial statements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.

8. Stock-Based Compensation Plans.

For a description of our stock-based compensation plans, seeNote 10, Stock-Based Compensation, in our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements filed in our 20062007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 20062007 is as follows:

 

    Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   2007  2006  2007  2006

Cost of services and maintenance

  $537  $685  $1,854  $2,397

Sales and marketing

   425   992   2,199   3,227

Research and development

   721   950   2,325   3,295

General and administrative

   639   1,156   3,290   3,793
                

Total

  $2,322  $3,783  $9,668  $12,712
                

   Three Months Ended September 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30,
   2008  2007  2008  2007

Services

  $266  $482  $1,309  $1,669

Maintenance

   50   55   181  $185

Sales and marketing

   779   425   2,165   2,199

Research and development

   556   721   1,938   2,325

General and administrative

   1,137   639   3,068   3,290
                

Total

  $2,788  $2,322  $8,661  $9,668
                

Included in stock-based compensation expense was restricted stock expense of $0.5$1.1 million and $0.3$0.5 million for the three-month periods ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, respectively, and $1.7$3.0 million and $0.5$1.7 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, respectively.

In February 2007, we granted Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) to certain key employees that vest based on specified performance over a two-year performance period. This performance period is from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009. We are required to assess whether the performance criteria is probable of being achieved, and only recognize compensation expense if the vesting is considered probable. On a quarterly basis, we assess whether vesting is probable and based on that assessment record the appropriate expense. Based on our third quarter 2007 assessment,2008 and prior assessments, no compensation expense associated with these performance-based RSUs is reflected in our results of operations in the three-month periodperiods or nine-month periods ended September 30, 2008 and nine-month period ended September 30, 2007.

Fair values of stock options and employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) shares are estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

    Stock Options  ESPP  Stock Options  ESPP 
   

Three Months Ended

September 30,

  

Three Months Ended

September 30,

  

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

  

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

 
   2007  2006  2007  2006  2007  2006  2007  2006 

Expected term (years)

  4  4  *  0.5  4  4  0.5  0.5 

Volatility factor

  0.70  0.87  *  0.68  0.81  0.93  0.32  0.59 

Risk-free interest rate

  4.15% 5.01% *  4.93% 4.69% 4.85% 4.67% 4.77%

Dividend yield

  0% 0% *  0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

   Stock Options
Three Months Ended
September 30,
  Stock Options
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
  ESPP
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   2008  2007  2008  2007  2008  2007 

Expected term (years)

  4  4  4  4  *  0.5 

Volatility factor

  61% 70% 67% 81% *  32%

Risk-free interest rate

  2.85% 4.15% 2.74% 4.69% *  4.67%

Dividend yield

  0% 0% 0% 0% *  0%

*ESPP plan was discontinued during the second quarter of 2007.

9. Income Taxes

Income taxes have beenare provided using the liability method in accordance with SFAS No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS 109”). In accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 28,Interim Financial Reporting (“APB 28”), and FASB Interpretation No. 18, Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods – an interpretation of APB Opinion No. 28 (“FIN 18”), the provision for income taxes reflects the Company’s estimate of the effective rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year, adjusted by any discrete events which are reported in the period in which they occur. This estimate is re-evaluated each quarter based on our estimated tax expense for the year.

We recognizedrecorded income tax expense of approximately $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007, and $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, representing effective income tax rates of 27.9%35.9% and 25.9%27.9%, respectively. Factors thatVarious factors affect our effective income tax expense include,rate including, among others, changes in our valuation allowance, the effect of foreign operations, state income taxes (net of federal income tax benefits), certain non-deductible meals and entertainment expenses, research and development tax credits, and the effect of foreign withholding taxes. Our effective income tax rates during the three months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007 differ from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the effect these items have on our valuation allowance.

Income tax expense included the effect of foreign withholding taxes of $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and $0.9$0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006.2007 and $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007. Foreign withholding taxes are incurred on certain payments from international customers and are recorded when incurred,

normally upon receipt of such payments from certain non-US customers,that are received net of the withheld taxes. Foreign withholding taxes generally are available to reduce domestic income tax. Due to our net operating loss carryforwards and affectassociated valuation allowance against our domestic deferred tax assets, these withholding taxes increase our income tax expense due to our domestic valuation allowance. Accordingly, our effective income tax rates duringexpense.

During the threenine months ended September 30, 20072008 we recorded a benefit to operating expense of approximately $83.3 million related to the settlement of the SAP patent litigation. We utilized net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes to reduce taxes on the settlement. We recorded federal and state alternative minimum tax (AMT) of approximately $1.0 million and $0.1 million, respectively, and other state income taxes of approximately $0.2 million in income tax expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2006, as well as2008 related to the settlement. Alternative minimum tax generally is available to reduce regular income tax in the future. Due to our net operating loss carryforwards and associated valuation allowance against our domestic deferred tax assets, these AMT amounts increase our income tax expense.

Income tax expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006, differincluded a benefit of approximately $0.8 million resulting from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to changes infavorable resolution of our valuation allowance.

We adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (“FIN 48”), on January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, there was no adjustmentUnited Kingdom tax examination related to the January 1, 2007 balance of our accumulated deficit.2003 tax year.

Estimated potential interest and penalties related to our unrecognized tax benefits within our global organization isare recorded in income tax expense and totaled approximately $0.2 million and $0.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007.2008, respectively. Accrued interest and penalties were approximately $1.2$2.1 million and $1.8 million as of January 1, 2007 andat September 30, 2007, respectively.2008. Management believes recording interest and penalties related to income tax uncertainties as income tax expense better reflects income tax expense and provides better information reporting.

We or one of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States (U.S.) federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. We have open tax years for the U.S. federal return back to 1992 with respect to our net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards, where the IRS may not raise tax for these years, but can reduce NOLs. Otherwise, with few exceptions, we are no longer subject to federal, state, local or foreign income tax examinations for years prior to 2003.

We are subject to potential changechallenges and assessments by various tax jurisdictions into the inter-company pricing at which we have conducted business within our global related group of companies.companies or our tax treatment of certain types of revenue generated in the conduct of business with our international customers. Additional tax examinations may be opened or existing examinations may be resolved within the next 12 months. We closely monitor developments in this areathese areas and make changes as necessary in the accruals we have maderecorded for what we believe will be the ultimate outcome of any tax adjustments. It is reasonably possible that, within the next 12 months, the accrual we have recorded for this issue may increase by approximately $0.5 million to $1.2 million.

During the fourth quarter of 2007, we plan to file amended state income tax returns related to adjustments made to our 1999-2001 federal taxable income as a result of our previous IRS examination, which was concluded in 2003 and had no material federal income tax effect. We believe we have fully accrued all state income tax liability, including potential interest and penalties, related to these filings. Upon filing the returns, the recorded tax liability will be reduced by the amount of taxes paid with the returns. We expect the state tax authorities will assess interest and potential penalties on the amended tax returns. Any difference between the ultimate income tax liability on the filed returns and our existing accrual will be recorded in the quarter in which the tax filings are ultimately resolved.resulting from such examinations. It is not expected thatpossible to reasonably estimate a range of potential increases or decreases of such difference, if any, will be material.changes.

As part of the process of preparing unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our full-year income and the related income tax expense in each jurisdiction in which we operate. Changes in the geographical mix or estimated level of annual pre-tax income can impact our effective tax rate. This process involves estimating our current tax liabilities in each jurisdiction in which we operate, including the impact, if any, of additional taxes resulting from tax examinations, as well as making judgments regarding the recoverability of deferred tax assets. To the extent recovery of deferred tax assets is not likely based on, among other things, our estimation of future taxable income in each jurisdiction, a valuation allowance is established. Tax controversies often involve complex issues across multiple jurisdictions and may require an extended period to resolve.

10. Subsequent EventPending i2 Merger with JDA Software

On October 23, 2007,August 10, 2008, we entered into a purported shareholder derivative lawsuit was filed inMerger Agreement with JDA and the Delaware Chancery Court against certain of our currentMerger Sub. Under the Merger Agreement, the Merger Sub will be merged with and former directors and officers, naminginto i2 (the “Merger”), with i2 continuing after the companyMerger as a nominal defendant. The complaint, entitledJohn McPadden, Sr. v. Sanjiv S. Sidhu, Stephen Bradley, Harvey B. Cash, Richard L. Clemmer, Michael E. McGrath, Lloyd G. Waterhouse, Jackson L. Wilson Jr., Robert L. Crandall, Anthony Dubreville and i2 Technologies, Inc., alleges breach of fiduciary duty and unjust enrichment in connection with the sale of Trade Service Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of JDA. At the company (“TSC”),effective time of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of our Common Stock, par value $0.00025 per share, will be converted into the right to Anthony Dubreville (“Dubreville”)receive $14.86 in cash, without interest. At the effective time of the Merger, each issued and other membersoutstanding share of TSC managementour Series B Preferred Stock will be converted into the right to receive $1,095.3679 plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon through the effective time, in 2005. The complaint states that the individual defendants caused the company to sell TSC to a group led by Dubreville in bad faith for a below-market price. The complaint is derivative in nature and does not seek relief from

cash, without interest.

the company, but does seek damages and other relief from the defendant directors and officers. We have entered into indemnification agreementsLate in the ordinary courseevening of business with certainNovember 4, 2008, we received a written request from JDA to adjourn the previously scheduled special meeting of our stockholders “to allow the two companies to negotiate a reduced purchase price to close the merger.” In its request, JDA stated that “available credit terms would result in unacceptable risks and costs to the combined company.” Our board of directors considered the request and, based on a number of factors, including that JDA’s obligation to complete the merger is not subject to any financing contingency, did not believe adjourning the special meeting was in the best interests of our stockholders. As of November 5, 2008, proxies in favor of the defendant directorsmerger had been received from stockholders representing more than 80 percent of all votes eligible to be cast at the special meeting.

On November 6, 2008, we held the previously scheduled special stockholder meeting and officers and may be obligated throughoutour stockholders voted to approve the pendency of this action to advance payment of legal fees and costs incurred by the defendantsmerger with JDA pursuant to the Merger Agreement. The number of shares voted in favor of the merger represented more than 80 percent of the total shares outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting. More than 99 percent of the shares voted at the special meeting were cast in favor of the merger.

Following the stockholder meeting, we received a written proposal from JDA to amend the common share consideration in the merger agreement significantly below $14.86 per share. Our board of directors has reviewed JDA’s proposal and concluded that it is not in the best interest of i2’s stockholders to pursue it.

With the successful stockholder vote of November 6, 2008, we completed all of our conditions to closing the existing merger agreement and have requested that JDA fulfill its obligations under the indemnification agreements and/or applicable Delaware law. Based onagreement. Despite the stageapproval by i2’s stockholders, there can be no assurance that the parties will close the Merger stipulated by the merger agreement.

During the third quarter of 2008 we incurred approximately $5.3 million related to the litigation, it is not possible to estimate the amount or range of possible loss that might result from an adverse judgment or a settlement of this matter.pending merger. These costs are included in other expense, net.

 

ITEM 2.MANAGEMENT'SMANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements other than statements of historical or current facts, including, without limitation, statements about our business strategy, plans, objectives and future prospects, are forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from these expectations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition. Such risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, the following:

 

Certain large stockholders have called forOn August 10, 2008, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with JDA Software Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“JDA”), and Iceberg Acquisition Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of JDA (the “Merger Sub”). Under the public saleMerger Agreement, the Merger Sub will be merged with and into i2 (the “Merger”), with i2 continuing after the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of JDA. At the effective time of the Company,Merger, each issued and the Boardoutstanding share of Directors of i2 has formed a Strategic Review Committee in connection with an ongoing review of i2’s management, operations and strategy. Continued pressure by activist stockholders for the sale of the Company , and/or the Company’s ongoing exploration of strategic options, could create distractions for our management, sales staff and other employees and create uncertainty in existing and potential customers regarding our ability to meet our contractual obligations.Common Stock, par value

$0.00025 per share will be converted into the right to receive $14.86 in cash, without interest. At the effective time of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of the Company’s Series B 2.5% Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Series B Preferred Stock”), will be converted into the right to receive $1,095.3679 plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon through the effective time, in cash, without interest. Also at the effective time of the Merger, each $1,000.00 principal amount of the Company’s 5% Senior Convertible Notes (“Notes”) will be converted, based on the indenture agreement governing the Notes, into the right to receive $960.72426 as a conversion obligation and $144.10782 as a make-whole premium. Additionally, the Company will also pay to the holders of the Notes $86.9565 for each $1,000.00 principal amount of the Notes as a consent premium. Approximately $1.7 million of the consent premium has been paid to the majority holder of the Notes. Late in the evening on November 4, 2008, JDA notified us in writing that they wished to renegotiate the price of the sale and desired that we adjourn our previously scheduled special stockholder meeting, the purpose of which was to vote on the Merger. We proceeded to hold the previously scheduled meeting and received stockholder approval for the Merger. Following the stockholder meeting, we received a written proposal from JDA to amend the common share consideration in the merger agreement significantly below $14.86 per share. Our board of directors has reviewed JDA’s proposal and concluded that it is not in the best interest of i2’s stockholders to pursue it. There can be no assurance that the Merger will occur. If the Merger is not effected, we could experience downward pressure on our stock, lawsuits and continued uncertainty for our management, sales staff and other employees and existing and potential customers. Such distractions and uncertainty could harm our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition. Further, certain costs, such as legal and accounting fees and reimbursement of certain expenses, are payable by us whether or not the Merger is completed.

Beginning in the third quarter and continuing into the fourth quarter we have experienced purchasing delays by some customers attributable to the Merger and the customers’ desire to have a better understanding of the combined companies product roadmap and related product support. Continued uncertainty will cause additional customer delays, potential customer losses, lower bookings, revenue, and cash flow and continued employee attrition.

 

We have recently implemented restructuring and reorganization initiatives. Failure to achieve the desired results of our restructuring and reorganization initiatives could harm our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition.

Effective July 30, 2007, our Chief Executive Officer resigned and we appointed an interim CEO. Failure to appoint a permanent CEO with the appropriate level of expertise could harm our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition.

 

Our financial results have varied and may continue to vary significantly from quarter-to-quarter. We may fail to meet analysts’ and investors’ expectations.

 

We experienced negative cash flows for the quarters ended March 31, 2007, September 30, 2006 and March 31, 2006, and for each of the five years ended December 31, 2005. A failure to maintain profitability and achieve consistent positive cash flows would have a significant adverse effect on our business, impair our ability to support our operations and adversely affect our liquidity.

 

Holders of our 5% senior convertible notesthe Notes may convert the senior convertible notesNotes upon the occurrence of certain events prior to May 15, 2010, and at any time on or after May 15, 2010, and have the right to require us to repurchase all or any portion of the senior convertible notesNotes on November 15, 2010. There is no assurance that at the time of conversion or required repurchase, we will have the ability to satisfy the cash portion of any such conversion obligation or to make any such required repurchase.

 

We may require additional private or public debt or equity financing. Such financing may only be available on disadvantageous terms, or may not be available at all. Any new financing could have a substantial dilutive effect on our existing shareholders.stockholders.

 

The indenture governing our 5% senior convertible notesthe Notes contains a debt incurrence covenant that places restrictions on the amount and type of additional indebtedness that we can incur.incur other than as part of the Merger. The debt incurrence restrictions imposed by the indenture could restrict or impede our ability to incur additional debt, which in turn could impair our ability to support our operations, adversely affect our liquidity and threaten our ability to repay our debts when they become due.

 

If we are unable to develop and generate additional demand for our products, serious harm could result to our business.

We may not be competitive, and increased competition could seriously harm our business. Our focus on a solutions-oriented approach may not be successful.

 

We face risks related to product quality and performance claims and other litigation that could have a material adverse effect on our relationships with customers and our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition. We may face other claims and litigation in the future that could harm our business and impair our liquidity.

Loss of key personnel or our failure to attract, train and retain additional personnel could negatively affect our operating results and revenues and seriously harm our company.

 

We face other risks indicated in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our 20062007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Many of these risks and uncertainties are beyond our control and, in many cases, we cannot accurately predict the risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements. When used in this document, the words “believes,” “plans,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “continue,” “may,” “will,” “should” or the negative of such terms and similar expressions as they relate to us, our customers or our management are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

References in this report to the terms “optimal” and “optimization” and words to that effect are not intended to connote the mathematically optimal solution, but may connote near-optimal solutions, which reflect practical considerations such as customer requirements as to response time, precision of the results and other commercial factors.

Overview

Merger of i2 with JDA Software

On August 10, 2008, we entered into a Merger Agreement with JDA and the Merger Sub. Under the Merger Agreement, the Merger Sub will be merged with and into i2 (the “Merger”), with i2 continuing after the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of JDA. At the effective time of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of our Common Stock, par value $0.00025 per share, will be converted into the right to receive $14.86 in cash, without interest. At the effective time of the Merger, each issued and outstanding share of our Series B Preferred Stock will be converted into the right to receive $1,095.3679 plus all accrued and unpaid dividends thereon through the effective time, in cash, without interest.

Late in the evening of November 4, 2008, we received a written request from JDA to adjourn the previously scheduled special meeting of our stockholders “to allow the two companies to negotiate a reduced purchase price to close the merger.” In its request, JDA stated that “available credit terms would result in unacceptable risks and costs to the combined company.” Our board of directors considered the request and, based on a number of factors, including that JDA’s obligation to complete the merger is not subject to any financing contingency, did not believe adjourning the special meeting was in the best interests of our stockholders. As of November 5, 2008, proxies in favor of the merger had been received from stockholders representing more than 80 percent of all votes eligible to be cast at the special meeting.

On November 6, 2008, we held the previously scheduled special stockholder meeting and our stockholders voted to approve the merger with JDA pursuant to the Merger Agreement. The number of shares voted in favor of the merger represented more than 80 percent of the total shares outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting. More than 99 percent of the shares voted at the special meeting were cast in favor of the merger.

Following the stockholder meeting, we received a written proposal from JDA to amend the common share consideration in the merger agreement significantly below $14.86 per share. Our board of directors has reviewed JDA’s proposal and concluded that it is not in the best interest of i2’s stockholders to pursue it.

With the successful stockholder vote of November 6, 2008, we completed all of our conditions to closing the existing merger agreement and have requested that JDA fulfill its obligations under the agreement. Despite the approval by i2’s stockholders, there can be no assurance that the parties will close the Merger stipulated by the merger agreement.

Nature of Operations

We are a provider of supply chain management solutions, includingconsisting of various software and service offerings. In addition to application software, we offer hosted software solutions, such as business optimization and technical consulting, managed services, training, solution maintenance, software upgrades and development. We operate our business in one business segment. Supply chain management is the set of processes, technology and expertise involved in managing supply, demand and fulfillment throughout divisions within a company and with its customers, suppliers

and partners. The goals of our solutions include increasing supply chain efficiency and enhancing customer and supplier relationships by managing variability, reducing complexity, improving operational visibility, increasing operating velocity and integrating planning and execution.

Our application software is often bundled with other service offerings we provide, such as assistance in implementation, integration, customization, training, consulting and maintenance. Our offerings are designed to help customers better achieve the following critical business objectives:

Visibility – a clear and unobstructed view up and down the supply chain

Planning – supply chain optimization to match supply and demand considering system-wide constraints

Collaboration – interoperability with supply chain partners and elimination of functional silos

Control – management of data and business processes across the extended supply chain

Revenue Categories

We recognize revenue for software and our related service offerings in accordance withStatement of Position (SOP) 81-1, “Accounting for Certain Construction Type and Certain Production Type Contracts,” SOP 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” as modified by SOP 98-9, “Modification of SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions,” SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) 104, “Revenue Recognition,” andSAB 103, “Update of Codification of Staff Accounting Bulletins,” andSABSEC Staff Accounting Bulletin “Topic 13, Revenue Recognition.”

Software Solutions.Software solutions revenue includes core license revenue, recurring license revenue, and fees received to develop the licensed functionality. We recognize these revenues under SOP 97-2 or SOP 81-1 based on our evaluation of whether the associated services are essential to the licensed software as described within SOP 97-2. If the services are considered essential, revenue is generally recognized on a percentage of completion basis under SOP 81-1. Services are considered essential to the software when they involve significant modifications or additions to the software features and functionality. In addition, we have several subscription and other recurring revenue transactions, which are recognized ratably over the life of each contract.

Services.Services revenue is primarily derived from fees for services that are not essential to the software, including implementation, integration, training and consulting, and is generally recognized when services are performed. In addition, services revenue may include fees received from arrangements to customize or enhance previously purchased licensed software, when such services are not essential to the previously licensed software. Services revenue also includes reimbursable expense revenue, with the related costs of reimbursable expenses included in cost of services.

Maintenance. Maintenance revenue consists of fees generated by providing support services, such as telephone support, and unspecified upgrades/enhancements on a when-and-if available basis. A customer typically prepays maintenance and support fees for an initial period, and the related revenue is deferred and generally recognized over the term of such initial period. Maintenance is renewable by the customer on an annual basis thereafter. Rates for maintenance, including subsequent renewal rates, are typically established based upon a specified percentage of net license fees as set forth in the contract.

Contract Revenue. As explained in more detail below, we do not consider contract revenue to be an indication of the current performance of our business. We collected the cash associated with contract revenue in prior periods and recorded the revenue as we fulfilled the contract obligations. As of March 31, 2007 our deferred contract revenue balance was zero.

Transition to a Solutions-Oriented Provider

Our software and service offerings have changed in recent years in response to market demands as well as the introduction of new technology and products. We are transitioning our business approach to being a solutions-oriented provider, and accordingly have experienced a shift to a greater level of services revenue versus software solutions revenue.

In earlyBeginning in 2006, we increased our hiring of services personnel based on our expectations regarding the demand for our services and our existing services backlog. In addition to generating increased services revenue from the increased headcount, we have also increased the billabilityutilization of our services personnel so more revenue is generated for each person and have been successful at strategically placing certain of our research and development staff on billable services projects when their skill sets are appropriate.

These changes impact the

The focus on services impacts our mix of revenues we generate. This affects ourand profitability because services will typically earn a lower margin than software solutions. These changes also influence the proportion of revenue recognized on a percentage of completion basis or subscription basis. We now expect that a higher proportion of our software solutions revenue will be recognized under a percentage of completion basis or subscription basis, rather than being recognized in the period the contract is signed.

Key Performance Indicators and Operating Metrics

The markets in which we operate are highly competitive. Our competitors are diverse and offer a variety of solutions targeting various segments of the extended supply chain as well as the enterprise as a whole. Some competitors offer suites of applications, while most offer solutions designed to target specific processes or industries. We believe our principal competitors continue to strengthen, in part based on consolidation within the industry. In addition, our shift to a more solutions-oriented approach, where services are more critical, increases our exposure to competition from offshore providers and consulting companies. All of these factors are creating pricing pressure for our software and service offerings. However, we believe our focus on a solutions-oriented approach that leverages our deep supply chain expertise differentiates us from our competitors.

In managing our business and reviewing our results, management focuses most intently on our revenue generation process, including bookings, backlog, and operating revenue (total revenue excluding contract revenue), as well as our cash flow from operations and liquidity.

Bookings. We define bookings as the total value of non-contingent fees payable to the company pursuant to the terms of duly executed contracts. Bookings are expected to result in revenue as products are delivered or services are performed, and may reflect contracts from which revenue will be recognized over multi-year periods.periods, however there can be no assurance that bookings will result in future revenue. Bookings do not include amounts subject to contingencies, such as optional renewal periods, amounts subject to a customer’s internal approvals, amounts subject to customer specific cancellation provisions and amounts that are refundable for reasons outside of our standard warranty provisions. Based on the nature of the transactions, certain of our subscription bookings have termination provisions upon payment of a penalty. Because our revenues are recognized under several different accounting standards and thus are subject to period-to-period variability, we closely monitor our bookings as a leading indicator of future revenues and the overall performance of our business.

Total bookings for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006 were $46.5 million and $56.4 million, respectively, a decline of 17.6% or $9.9 million. While third quarter bookings are typically the weakest of the year, bookings for the three months ended September 30, 2007 were below our expectations. We believe this was due to execution issues, our restructuring initiatives during the third quarter and public comments made by certain large stockholders regarding our competitive position and future direction.$46.5 million in each period. Total bookings for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 20062007 were $183.0$177.0 million and $193.3$183.0 million, respectively, a decline of approximately 5.3%3% or $10.3$6.0 million. Unless we are able to generate bookings growth in the next several quarters, in the future our revenue will continue to decline.

Backlog.Backlog represents the balance of bookings that has yet to benot been recognized as revenue. The amount of backlog for which we have received payment is recorded as deferred revenue on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. We review our backlog to assess future revenue that may be recognized from bookings in previous fiscal periods. This review allows us to determine whether we are recognizing more or less revenue compared to the bookings in that period and whether our backlog is increasing or decreasing.

Revenue.In our internal analysis of revenue, we focus on operating revenue (total revenue excluding contract revenue). Contract revenue is the result of the recognition of certain revenue that was carried on our balance sheet as a portion of deferred revenue and was a result of our 2003 financial restatement. Inclusion of contract revenue in the evaluation of our performance would skew comparisons of our periodic results since recognition of that revenue was based on fulfillment of contractual obligations which often required only minimal cash outlays and generally did not involve any significant activity in the period of recognition. Additionally, the cash associated with contract revenue had been collected in prior periods. All remaining contract revenue was recognized by March 31, 2007, so it is not relevant to our on-going operations and we exclude it from comparisons to prior period results.

For the three months ended September 30, 20072008 operating revenue (total revenue excluding contract revenue) was down 6.8%2.6% or $4.9$1.7 million compared to the same period in 2006,2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 operating revenue was down 2.7%1.3% or 5.4$2.5 million compared to the same period in 2006.2007. Our annual operating revenue was approximately $275$257.9 million, $294$275.6 million and $289$294.3 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, and 2004, respectively. We currently expect total operating revenue will be lowerThese declines represent annual declines of 6% for the full year 2007 then it was in 2006.each period. As part of our transition to being a solutions-oriented provider, we have experienced a shift to a greater level of services revenue, which has partially offset our decline in software solutions and maintenance revenue.

Software solutions revenue declined 48.8% or $10.0 millionwas relatively unchanged for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 2006,2007, and declined 33.1%2% or $17.5$0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 2006. In 2005,2007. During the 12 months ended December 31, 2006 and the nine months ended September 30, 2007 our total2008, we have recognized more revenue from backlog than from new software solutions bookings were consistently lower then our software solutionsbookings. We monitor whether we are recognizing more or less revenue thereby significantly reducingin each period compared to the amount we book in that period as an indicator of whether we are adding to or subtracting from our backlog as indicated in the table below. This has contributed to lower software solutionsand deferred revenue. We have generally been recognizing more revenue in each quarter than the threecorresponding amount of bookings, leading to a decline in our backlog. As a result, in order to increase future revenues, our future bookings need to increase and nine months ended September 30, 2007 versus the comparable periods in 2006. This trend will continue unless we experience growth in software solutions bookings in the next several quarters.

consistently exceed our recognized revenue.

      

Nine Months Ended

September 30, 2007

   Twelve Months Ended  Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2008
 
  December 31, 2005 December 31, 2006   December 31, 2006 December 31, 2007  

Additions to Backlog:

         

Software Solutions Bookings

  $36,433  $49,540  $32,682   $49,540  $54,556  $22,039 

Platform Technology/Source Code Bookings

   10,000   10,480   500    10,480   500   —   
                    

Net Additions to Backlog

   46,433   60,020   33,182    60,020   55,056   22,039 

Less: Software Solutions Revenue Recognized

   89,937   76,243   35,367    76,243   47,721   34,802 
                    

Increase/(Decrease) in Backlog

  $(43,504) $(16,223) $(2,185)  $(16,223) $7,335  $(12,763)
                    

Services revenue increased 23.5% or $6.4 millionwas relatively unchanged for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 when compared to the same period in 2006,2007, and increased 21.5%decreased 1% or $16.6$0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 when compared to the same period in 2006. These increases are2007.This decline in services revenue is primarily due to continual shiftsa mix shift in the demandstype of the market, changesservices work performed in our sales approach and an increase in our services offerings.2008. We expect services revenue to continue to be a larger percentage of our total revenue than it has been in previous years. Services revenue generally earns a lower margin than our other revenue types, although we have experienced significantly higher margins in our services business in 2007 compared to 2006 due to leverage and efficiency from the services platform.types.

Maintenance revenue declined 4.9%8% or $1.2$1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 when compared to the same period in 2006,2007, and declined 6.4%decreased 2% or $4.5$1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 when compared to the same period in 2006.2007. Declines in maintenance revenue occur when customers fail to renew their maintenance agreements or renew them at a lower rates. Although we have put programs in place that demonstrate the value of maintenance to our customers, we expect maintenance revenue to continue to decline in the near term.

Operating Cash Flow and Liquidity.We closely monitor our operating cash flow, working capital and cash levels. In doing so, we attempt to limit our restricted cash and cash balances held inby foreign subsidiaries.

While we experienced negative cash flows for the quarters ended March 31, 2007, September 30, 2006 and March 31, 2006, and for each of the five years ended December 31, 2005, ourOur operating cash flow for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and2008 was approximately $98.9 million compared to operating cash flow of $8.0 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2006, was approximately $8.02007. Included in operating cash flow for the nine months ended September 30, 2008, is $83.3 million and $8.8 million, respectively.related to the SAP litigation settlement we received in July 2008.

Our working capital was approximately $51.2$160.7 million at September 30, 2007, a substantial2008, an improvement from the $17.4$63.6 million balance at December 31, 2006 and2007. The increase in current assets includes the ($34.3) million deficit at December 31, 2005.effect of the SAP litigation settlement for $83.3 million. The chart below shows the components of our working capital and the dollar changes from period to period for 2005, 2006 and 2007 and the first, threesecond and third quarters of 2007.2008.

  December 31, 2005 December 31, 2006  March 31, 2007  June 30, 2007  September 30, 2007  December 31, 2006  December 31, 2007  September 30, 2008

Total cash

  $117,655  $114,045  $108,493  $117,271   121,009  $114,045  $129,434  $227,808

Accounts receivable

   25,887   25,677   25,491   26,294   28,576   25,677   25,108   26,991

Other current assets, net

   19,530   9,231   10,749   8,330   9,061   9,231   7,746   8,306
                        

Total current assets

   163,072   148,953   144,733   151,895   158,646   148,953   162,288   263,105
                        

Current liabilities

   72,538   57,538   41,980   40,559   42,064   57,538   37,008   39,611

Deferred revenue

   99,870   74,047   70,468   72,287   65,350   74,047   61,715   62,772

Current portion long-term debt

   25,000   —     —     —     —     —     —     —  
                        

Total current liabilities

   197,408   131,585   112,448   112,846   107,414   131,585   98,723   102,383
                        

Working capital

  $(34,336) $17,368  $32,285  $39,049  $51,232  $17,368  $63,565  $160,722
                        

Dollar change from previous period

   $51,704  $14,917  $6,764  $12,183  $51,704  $46,197  $1,521

Net cash

  $16,964  $30,223  $24,513  $33,133  $36,713  $30,223  $44,981  $142,882

In addition to assessing our liquidity based on operating cash flow and working capital, management also considers our cash balances and our net cash balance, which we define as the sum of our total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash minus our total short-term and long-term debt. As the table above indicates, our cash position and net cash position has improved.have improved during the periods presented.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Accounting Estimates

There have been no changes during the third quarter of 20072008 to the critical accounting policies we described in our 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The accountingor the areas that involve the use of significant judgments and estimates are furtherwe described below.

Revenue Recognition

Software Solutions Revenue – SOP 97-2. The recognition of revenue under SOP 97-2 requires us to make judgments concerning whether the services associated with the license, if any, are considered “essential” to the licensed functionality. If they are deemed essential, revenue cannot be recognized under SOP 97-2, but rather is required to be recognized under SOP 81-1. During 2003, we implemented formal processes for evaluation of each of our licensed products to determine whether they can be implemented without essential services, and are therefore considered eligible for recognition under 97-2. We also implemented processes, including internal representations from sales, services and research and development personnel, to evaluate each transaction that is comprised solely of products that are eligible under SOP 97-2 to determine whether there are specific requirements or commitments associated with the licensed functionality that would require recognition under SOP 81-1. We are also required to assess the existence of vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value for undelivered elements in agreements recognized under SOP 97-2, which for our arrangements commonly include implementation services and maintenance. If we lose our ability to demonstrate VSOE for undelivered elements, the timing of recognition of transactions under SOP 97-2 will change.

Software Solutions Revenue – SOP 81-1- and Services Revenue. A significant portion of these revenues pertain to projects recognized under the percentage of completion method of SOP 81-1, which requires that we make estimates about the number of hours required and the amount of fees to be received to periodically assess the progress to completion of a particular project. We are also required as a prerequisite for using percentage of completion to assess whether we have the ability to reliably estimate the hours and fees for each project.

Collectibility.All of our revenues are subject to our assessment of the probability of collection of the underlying fees. The revenue type that is most susceptible to collection risk is software solutions revenue recognized under SOP 97-2, since the revenue is generally recognized up-front upon delivery of the software, and payment is usually due approximately 30 to 60 days after recognition. To assess our collection risk, we have reviewed our collection history and determined that for certain countries, particularly in the Greater Asia Pacific region and in certain of the developing countries within Europe, we will only recognize our license revenues under SOP 97-2 on a cash received basis. For our other revenue types, which are recurring in nature in that they occur over several months, we have a policy in place whereby we review customers that have invoices that are overdue by more than 30 days and we begin deferring recognition of revenue for customers that become delinquent in their payment. This policy prevents us from continuing to recognize revenue related to an implementation or maintenance arrangement when payments are late, and it therefore appears that collection is not reasonably assured. Our policies and procedures in this area have resulted in minimizing our bad debt expense since we are diligent in our evaluation of collectibility risk prior to recognizing revenue.

Stock compensation expense

As disclosed in our footnotes, the valuation of stock compensation expense is based2007 Annual Report on several variables that are inputs to the Black Scholes model. The most critical judgment involved in this area involves the estimation of the impact of forfeitures. Under FAS 123(R), we are required to estimate the impact of forfeitures of stock options, and reduce our expenses based on those estimates. We calculate our monthly forfeiture rates, annualize the amount and apply the resulting amount as a reduction of current period expense. We are then required to regularly evaluate our actual forfeiture experience and make periodic adjustments to expense as needed.

In February 2007, we granted Restricted Stock Units (“RSUs”) to certain key employees that vest based on specified performance over a two-year performance period. This performance period is from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2009. On a quarterly basis, we estimate the potential impact of forfeitures on this grant and assess whether vesting is probable. Based on these assessments, we record the appropriate expense.

Taxes

We operate directly and indirectly in numerous countries and are subject to the tax laws, rules and regulations of those jurisdictions. Positions we take in our tax filings are subject to scrutiny by the local country tax authorities and, to the extent it affects our domestic tax position, the Internal Revenue Service. Determining the appropriate tax treatment of complicated issues involves the use of significant judgments and estimates; such judgments and estimates may not be agreed to by the relevant taxing authority, which may require extensive discussions and negotiations to resolve these matters. We accrue tax expense in an amount at which we believe an issue may be ultimately resolved in a manner differently from the position taken in our tax filings. The amount of our accrued tax expense for a particular matter may be significantly different from that determined upon the ultimate resolution of the issue. It is also possible that a tax issue may arise of which we were unaware and no accrual was made. In both cases, adjustments to income tax expense in the relevant reporting period may be material.

We expect tax expense variability to increase as a result of the implementation of FIN 48, which was effective January 1, 2007.

Accrued Expenses

We are required to use judgment in estimating amounts recorded as accrued expenses. Such estimates include our assessment of estimated losses resulting from claims and legal proceedings. We record a liability if our assessments indicate that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome is probable and the related cost can be reasonably estimated.Form 10-K.

Analysis of Financial Results – Three Months Ended September 30, 20072008 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 20062007.

Summary of Third Quarter 20072008 Results

 

Total revenue decreased $4.9$1.7 million from the same period in 20062007

 

Total costs and expenses decreased $5.8$4.6 million from the same period in 20062007

 

Net income applicable to common stockholders was $4.5$1.9 million compared to $3.8$4.5 million in the same period in 20062007

 

Diluted earnings per share were $0.07 for the third quarter of 2008 and $0.17 versus $0.15 infor the same period in 2006third quarter of 2007

 

Cash flow from operations was $2.9$78.5 million reflecting the receipt of $83.3 million from the SAP litigation settlement versus negative cash flow from operations of $3.3$2.9 million in the 2006same period of 2007

 

Total bookings were $46.5 millionin the 2008 and the 2007 periods

Revenues

The following table sets forth revenues and the percentages of total revenues of selected items reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006.2007. The period-to-period comparisons of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

  Three Months Ended   Three Months Ended   Change 2007 versus 2006 
  September 30,  Percent of September 30,  Percent of Three months ended September 30   Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2008
  Percent of
Revenue
  Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2007
  Percent of
Revenue
  Change 2008 versus 2007
Three months ended September 30
 
  2007  Revenue 2006  Revenue $ Change % Change       $ Change % Change 

SOP 97-2 recognition

  $1,897  3% $3,359  5% $(1,462) -44%  $907  1% $1,897  3% $(990) -52%

SOP 81-1 recognition

   3,199  5%  5,814  8%  (2,615) -45%   3,694  6%  3,199  5%  495  15%

Recurring items

   5,426  8%  11,396  16%  (5,970) -52%   5,961  9%  5,426  8%  535  10%
                                  

Total Software solutions

   10,522  16%  20,569  29%  (10,047) -49%   10,562  16%  10,522  16%  40  —   

Services

   33,365  50%  27,007  38%  6,358  24%   33,316  52%  33,365  50%  (49) —   

Maintenance

   22,571  34%  23,745  33%  (1,174) -5%   20,875  32%  22,571  34%  (1,696) -8%

Contract

   —    —     33  —     (33) -100%
                                  

Total revenues

  $66,458  100% $71,354  100% $(4,896) -7%  $64,753  100% $66,458  100% $(1,705) -3%
                                  

Software Solutions Revenue. Total software solutions revenue decreased 49% or $10.0 millionwas relatively unchanged for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 2006.2007. The components of the changes in software solutions revenue are explained below.

The primary cause of the decline in revenue recognized under SOP 97-2 for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 is the recognitiondue to declines in the three months ended September 30, 2006number and size of deals being recognized from current quarter bookings as well as a $1.3 million agreement from backlog that was not repeateddecrease in the comparable periodnumber and size of 2007.deals recognized from backlog. During the three months ended September 30, 20072008 we recognized revenue related to 7 contracts at an average of $0.1 million per contract compared to 14 contracts at an average of $0.1 million per contract compared to 13 contracts at an average of $0.3 million per contract in the comparable period of 2006.2007.

The primary cause of the decline in revenue recognized under SOP 81-1 for the three months ended September 30, 2007 is a decline in the number and size of projects generating revenue as compared to the same period in 2006, due mainly to the continued decline in our backlog. Revenue recognized under SOP 81-1 is dependent upon the amount of work performed on software solutions projects and milestones met during the applicable period on projects booked in both current and prior periods.periods and typically has a longer recognition period than revenue recognized under SOP 97-2. During the three months ended September 30, 20072008 we recognized revenue related to 1318 projects at an average of $0.2 million per project compared to 1613 projects at an average of $0.4$0.2 million in the comparable period of 2006.2007.

The decline in revenueRevenue from recurring items for the three months ended September 30, 2007 was primarily driven by the recognition of $5.2 million from a significant platform technology transaction in the three months ended September 30, 2006, which was not repeated in the comparable period of 2007. In addition, there was a decrease in revenue from two Supply Chain Leader transactions renewed in the second quarter of 2007, one at a lower renewal rate and one that was determined to be, in substance, a maintenance renewal and is now being classified as such.

Services Revenue.Services revenue increased 24% or $6.4$0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 when compared to the same period in 2006 primarily as a result2007 based on the recognition of a 16% increaserevenue from transactions booked after September 30, 2007 resulting from the shift in our business to more recurring transactions.

Services Revenue.Services revenue recognized per billable hour worked. Billable hours werewas relatively unchanged fromfor the three months ended September 30, 2006. 2008 compared to the same period in 2007.

Services revenue is dependent upon a number of factors, including:

 

the number, value and rate per hour of services transactions booked during the current and preceding periods,

the mix of our projects between services projects and software solutions (81-1) projects,

 

the number and availability of service resources actively engaged on billable projects,

 

the timing of milestone acceptance for engagements contractually requiring customer sign-off, and

 

the timing of cash payments when collectibility is uncertain

Maintenance Revenue.Maintenance revenue decreased 5%8% or $1.2$1.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 2006 primarily as2007. This decrease is mainly attributable to the non-renewals a result of customers renewing theirfew large maintenance agreements on less favorable terms, with such decreases not being offset by initial maintenance agreements with new customers. agreements.

Maintenance revenue varies from period-to-period based on several factors, including:

 

initial maintenance from new Software solutions bookings,

the timing of negotiating and signing of maintenance renewals,

 

completing a renewal several months into the annual maintenance period resulting in a one-time catch up for the period that maintenance services were performed prior to signature of the contract. A similar catch-up of revenue occurs due to the timing of cash receipts for cash basis customers when cash is not received until several months into the maintenance period,

renewals that occur on less favorable terms than in the prior period, and

 

customers that do not renew their maintenance agreements.

International Revenue. Our international revenues included in the categories discussed above are primarily generated from customers located in Europe, Asia, Latin America and Canada. International revenue totaled $31.1$26.4 million, or 47%41% of total revenue, in the three months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to $28.2$31.1 million, or 40%47% of total revenue, in the same period in 2006.2007.

Customer Concentration.During the periods presented, no individual customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues.

Impact of Indian Rupee on Expenses

Assuming a constant level of rupee expenditure in 2007 as we experienced in 2008, the impact of the change in the value of the rupee when compared to the dollar was approximately $0.6 million less expense for the three months ended September 30, 2008.

Cost of Revenues

The following table sets forth cost of revenues and the gross margins of selected items reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006.2007. The period-to period comparisons of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

 

  Three Months Ended   Three Months Ended   Change 2007 versus 2006 
  September 30,  Gross September 30,  Gross Three months ended September 30   Three Months
Ended
September 30,

2008
  Gross
Margin
  Three Months
Ended
September 30,

2007
  Gross
Margin
  Change 2008 versus 2007
Three months ended September 30
 
  2007  Margin 2006  Margin $ Change % Change       $ Change % Change 

Software solutions

  $2,066  80% $3,271  84% $(1,205) -37%  $2,296  78% $2,066  80% $230  11%

Services and maintenance

   27,420  51%  25,156  50%  2,264  9%

Services

   22,218  33%  24,752  26%  (2,534) -10%

Maintenance

   2,368  89%  2,668  88%  (300) -11%

Amortization of acquired technology

   6  —     —    —     6  —      —    —     6  —     (6) -100%
                          

Total cost of revenues

  $29,492   $28,427   $1,065  4%  $26,882   $29,492   $(2,610) -9%
                          

Cost of Software Solutions. These costs consist of:

 

Salaries and other related costs of employees who provide essential services to customize or enhance the software for the customer

 

Commissions paid to non-customer third parties in connection with joint marketing and other related agreements, which are generally expensed when they become payable

 

Royalty fees associated with third-party software utilized with our technology. Such royalties are generally expensed when the products are shipped; however, royalties associated with fixed cost arrangements are generally expensed over the period of the arrangement

 

The cost of user product documentation

 

The cost of delivery of software

 

Provisions for the estimated costs of servicing customer claims, which we accrue on a case-by-case basis

Cost of software solutions decreased 37%increased 11% or $1.2$0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 20062007 primarily because of a decreasean increase in the number of hours worked on projects requiring essential services, which is reflected in our lower software solutions revenues for the 2007 period.services.

During the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, the costs attributable to the performance of essential services related to software solutions projects recognized under SOP 81-1 was $0.8$1.6 million and $1.8$0.8 million, respectively. The remaining costs of software solutions are not directly attributable to specific arrangements, so we do not believe there is a reasonable basis to calculate the cost of each type of software solutions transaction or the resulting contribution margin.

Cost of Services and Maintenance. These costs consist of expenses associated with the delivery of non-essential services, which includessuch as implementation, integration, process consulting and training. Cost of services decreased 10% or $2.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007. This decrease was related primarily to a decrease in personnel-related costs of $2.1. The decrease in personnel-related costs was driven by a shift of approximately 28 associates from the services organization to the sales organization. This shift was done as a part of our refocus in late 2007 to a sales approach centered on customer business units.

Cost of Maintenance. These costs consist of expenses including support services such as telephone support and unspecified upgrades/enhancements provided on a when-and-if-available basis. Cost of services and maintenance increased 9%decreased 11% or $2.3$0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 2006 primarily as2007. This decrease was related to a resultdecrease in personnel-related costs of increased services personnel to support our growing services business. Average services and maintenance headcount increased 4% for the three months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. For the three months ended September 30, 2007, employee-related costs associated with this expense category increased $1.9 million as compared to the same period in 2006.$0.2 million.

Amortization of Acquired Technology. In connection with our business acquisitions, we acquired developed technology that we offer as a part of our solutions. In accordance with applicable accounting standards, the amortization of acquired technology is included as a part of our cost of revenues because it relates to software products that are marketed to potential customers.

Operating Expenses

The following table sets forth operating expenses and the percentages of total revenue for those operating expenses as reported in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The period-to-period comparisons of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

 

  Three Months Ended   Three Months Ended Change 2007 versus 2006 
  September 30,  Percent of September 30, Percent of Three months ended September 30   Three Months
Ended
September 30,

2008
  Percent of
Revenue
  Three Months
Ended
September 30,

2007
  Percent of
Revenue
  Change 2008 versus 2007
Three months ended September 30
 
  2007  Revenue 2006 Revenue $ Change % Change       $ Change % Change 

Sales and marketing

  $7,928  12% $12,307  17% $(4,379) -36%  $10,518  16% $7,928  12% $2,590  33%

Research and development

   8,224  12%  8,818  12%  (594) -7%   7,384  11%  8,224  12%  (840) -10%

General and administrative

   9,264  14%  15,252  21%  (5,988) -39%   9,402  15%  8,808  13%  594  7%

Amortization of intangibles

   25  —     —    —     25  —      25  —     25  —     —    —   

Restructuring charges and adjustments

   3,921  6%  (103) —     4,024  -3907%   —    —     3,921  6%  (3,921) -100%
                          

Total operating expenses

  $29,362   $36,274   $(6,912) -19%

Total operating expense

  $27,329   $28,906   $(1,577) -5%
                          

Sales and Marketing ExpenseExpense.. These expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, commissions, office facilities, travel and promotional events such as trade shows, seminars, technical conferences, advertising and public relations programs. For the three months ended September 30, 2007, average2008, sales and marketing headcount decreased 17%expense increased 33% or $2.6 million when compared to the same period in 2006. These headcount reductions primarily occurred at management levels, resulting2007. Personnel-related costs increased approximately $2.2 million. This increase in a 36% or $4.3 million decrease inpersonnel-related costs is driven by the shift of approximately 28 associates from the services organization to the sales and marketing expense (including a $2.1 million decrease in bonus expense, a $1.0 million decrease in commissions expense and a $0.9 million decrease in salary expense).organization.

Research and Development Expense. These expenses consist of costs related to software development and product enhancements to existing software. Software development costs are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility has been established, at which time such costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. To date, the establishment of technological feasibility of our products and general release of such software has substantially coincided. As a result, software development costs qualifying for capitalization have been insignificant; therefore, we have not capitalized any software development costs other than those recorded in connection with our acquisitions. The primary component of research and development expense is employee-related cost. For the three months ended September 30, 2007, our average2008, the decrease in research and development expense included a $0.5 million decrease in employee-related costs and a decrease of $0.4 million in contractor costs. The decrease in employee-related expenses is due to a 12% decrease in average headcount decreased 5%when compared to the same period in 2006, resulting in a $0.4 million decrease in employee-related costs and contributing to a 7% or $0.6 million decrease in research and development expense.2007.

General and Administrative Expense. These expenses include the personnel and other costs of our finance, legal, accounting, human resources, information systems and executive departments, as well as external legal costs. General and administrative expense for the three months ended September 30, 2007 decreased 39%2008 increased 7% or $6.0$0.6 million compared to the same period in 2006 primarily due to a decline in legal expense of $3.2 million (including a $4.3 million decrease in indemnification expense partially offset by a $1.0 million increase in other legal and litigation expense), a decline in employee-related costs of $1.1 million, a decline in insurance expense of $0.6 million, a decline in professional services expense of $0.4 million and a decline in travel and entertainment costs of $0.3 million. For the three months ended September 30, 2007, average general and administrative headcount decreased 18% compared to the same period in 2006.2007.

Amortization of Intangible Assets and Impairment of Intangible Assets. From time to time, we have sought to enhance our product offerings through technology and business acquisitions. When an acquisition of a business is accounted for using the purchase method, the amount of the purchase price is allocated to the fair value of assets acquired, net of liabilities assumed. Any excess purchase price is allocated to goodwill. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives, while goodwill is only written down if and when it is deemed to be impaired.

Restructuring Expense.During the three months ended September 30, 2008 we incurred no restructuring expense. During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we initiated a reorganization and eliminated approximately 50 positions. The purpose of the restructuring was to reduce management layers to both decrease cost and increase speed around decision-making and internal processes. The realignment included the elimination of certain management levels as well as other targeted cost reductions. We recorded a charge of $3.9 million, primarily related to severance costs.

Non-Operating (Expense) Income,, Net

For the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, non-operating (expense) income,, net, was as follows:

 

   

Three Months

Ended
September 30,

2007

  

Three Months

Ended
September 30,

2006

 

Interest income

  $1,413  $1,553 

Interest expense

   (1,236)  (1,523)

Foreign currency hedge and transaction losses, net

   (107)  (207)

Other expense, net

   (300)  (327)
         

Total non-operating expenses, net

  $(230) $(504)
         

Total non-operating expense, net, decreased 54% or $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006.

   Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2008
  Three Months
Ended
September 30,
2007
  Change 2008 versus 2007
Three months ended September 30
 
    $ Change  % Change 

Interest income

  $1,212  $1,413  (201) -14%

Interest expense

   (1,237)  (1,236) 1  —   

Foreign currency hedge and transaction losses, net

   (639)  (107) 532  497%

Other expense, net

   (5,674)  (300) 5,374  1791%
           

Total non-operating (expense), net

  $(6,338) $(230) 6,108  2656%
           

Interest income decreased in the three-month period ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 20062007 due to lower investment yields on average cash balances, offset partially by significantly higher average cash balances. For the three months ended September 30, 2007,2008, average invested cash balances decreased 10%.increased 78% from the three months ended September 30, 2007. The average rate earned for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 was 2.1%, and for September 30, 20062007 was 4.58%4.5%.

Interest expense decreasedwas flat for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 as compared to the same period in 2006 due to lower debt levels following the retirement of certain indebtedness in December 2006.2007.

The market interest rates on investments and the relative exchange values of foreign currencies are influenced by the monetary and fiscal policies of the governments in the countries in which we operate. The nature, timing and extent of any impact on our financial statements resulting from changes in those governments’ policies are not predictable. Risks associated with market interest rates and foreign exchange rates are discussed below under the section captioned “Sensitivity to Market Risks.”

Other expense, net increased $5.4 million including the $5.3 million of external expense related to the JDA merger. These merger expenses include investment banker fees, convertible debt consent fees, cost sharing fees and transaction related legal expenses.

Provision for Income Taxes

We recognizedrecorded income tax expense of approximately $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and $2.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007, and $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006, representing effective income tax rates of 27.9%35.9% and 25.9%27.9%, respectively. A number ofVarious factors affect our effective income tax expense. These include,rate including, among others:others, changes in our valuation allowance, differences in the tax rateseffect of our foreign operations, state income taxes (net of federal income tax benefits), certain non-deductible meals and entertainment expenses, research and development tax credits, and the effect of foreign withholding taxes. Our effective income tax rates during the three months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007 differ from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the effect these items have on our valuation allowance.

Income tax expense included the effect of foreign withholding taxes of $0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and $0.9$0.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006.2007. Foreign withholding taxes are recorded when incurred normallyon certain payments from international customers and are recorded upon receipt of such payments from certain non-US customers,which are received net of the withheld taxes. Foreign withholding taxes generally are available to reduce domestic federal regular income tax. Due to our net operating loss carryforwards and affectassociated valuation allowance against our domestic deferred tax assets, these withheld taxes increase our income tax expense due to their interaction with our domestic valuation allowance. Our effective income tax rates for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006 differ from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to fluctuations in our valuation allowance.expense.

Analysis of Financial Results - Nine Months Ended September 30, 20072008 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 20062007

Summary of Year-to-Date September 30, 2008 Results

Total revenue decreased $5.0 million from the same period in 2007

Total costs and expenses decreased $88.5, reflecting the SAP litigation settlement of $79.9 net of $3.5 million of external litigation expenses, from the same period in 2007

Net income applicable to common stockholders was $85.2 million, reflecting the SAP litigation settlement of $79.9 million net of $3.5 million of external litigation expense, compared to $9.6 million in the same period in 2007

Diluted earnings per share were $3.21 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and $0.36 for the same period in 2007

Cash flow from operations was $98.9 million versus cash flow from operations of $8.0 million in the 2007 period

Total bookings were $177.0 million versus $183.0 million in the same period of 2007

Revenues

The following table sets forth revenues and the percentages of total revenues of selected items reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006.2007. The period-to-period comparisons of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

 

  

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2007

  

Percent of

Revenue

  

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2006

  

Percent of

Revenue

  Change 2007 versus 2006 
      Nine Months Ended September 30   Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2008
  Percent of
Revenue
  Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2007
  Percent of
Revenue
  Change 2008 versus 2007
Nine months ended September 30
 
      $ Change % Change        $ Change % Change 

SOP 97-2 recognition

  $7,682  4% $15,400  8% $(7,718) -50%  $2,710  1% $7,682  4% $(4,972) -65%

SOP 81-1 recognition

   10,656  5%  15,539  8%  (4,883) -31%   14,154  7%  10,656  5%  3,498  33%

Recurring items

   17,029  9%  21,940  11%  (4,911) -22%   17,938  9%  17,029  9%  909  5%
                                  

Total software solutions

   35,367  18%  52,879  27%  (17,512) -33%

Total Software solutions

   34,802  18%  35,367  18%  (565) -2%

Services

   93,613  48%  77,023  38%  16,590  22%   92,666  48%  93,613  48%  (947) -1%

Maintenance

   65,598  33%  70,080  35%  (4,482) -6%   64,588  34%  65,598  33%  (1,010) -2%

Contract

   2,450  1%  99  —     2,351  2375%   —    —     2,450  1%  (2,450) -100%
                                  

Total revenues

  $197,028  100% $200,081  100% $(3,053) -2%  $192,056  100% $197,028  100% $(4,972) -3%
                                  

Software Solutions Revenue.Total software solutions revenue decreased 33%2% or $17.5$0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 2006. Overall we experienced lower software solutions revenue in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 due to less current period bookings being recognized as revenue and a smaller size of projects being recognized under percentage of completion accounting, when compared to the same period in 2006. In addition, we did not have revenue from platform technology transactions in the 2007 period.2007. The components of the changes in software solutions revenue are explained below.

A significantThe primary cause of the decline in revenue recognized under SOP 97-2 for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 is the recognitiondue to declines in the nine months ended September 30, 2006number and size of three large deals totalling $5.1 million that were not repeatedbeing recognized from current quarter bookings as well as a decrease in the comparable periodnumber and size of 2007.deals recognized from backlog. During the nine months ended September 30, 2007,2008 we recognized revenue related to 26 contracts at an average of $0.1 million per contract compared to 40 contracts at an average of $0.2 million per contract compared to 53 contracts at an average of $0.3 million per contract in the comparable period of 2006.2007.

The primary cause of the decline in revenue recognized under SOP 81-1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 is a decline in the amount of revenue generated on each project as compared to the same period in 2006, due mainly to the continued decline in our backlog. Revenue recognized under SOP 81-1 is dependent upon the amount of work performed on software solutions projects and milestones met during the applicable period on projects booked in prior periods. During the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 we recognized revenue under 3028 projects at an average of $0.3$0.5 million per project compared to 30 projects at an average of $0.5$0.3 million per project in the comparable period of 2006.

2007.

The decline in revenueRevenue from recurring items for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 was primarily driven by the recognition of $5.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2006 from a platform technology transaction which was not repeated in the comparable period of 2007.

Services Revenue.Services revenue increased 22% or $16.6$0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 when compared to the same period in 2006 primarily as a result2007 based on the recognition of a 6% increase in revenue recognized per billable hour worked together with a 12% increase in total billable hours. The increase in billable hours was due to a 10% increase in average number of services personnelfrom transactions booked after September 30, 2007 resulting from the nine month period ended September 30, 2006.shift in our business to more recurring transactions.

MaintenanceServices Revenue.MaintenanceServices revenue decreased 6%1% or $4.5$0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 2006 primarily as a result of customers not renewing their maintenance agreements2007.

Maintenance Revenue.Maintenance revenue decreased 2% or customers renewing on less favorable terms, with such decreases not being offset by initial maintenance agreements with new customers.$1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007.

International Revenue. Our international revenues included in the categories discussed above are primarily generated from customers located in Europe, Asia, Latin America and Canada. International revenue totaled $86.7$79.3 million, or 44%41% of total revenue, in the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to $86.7 million, or 43%44% of total revenue, in the same period in 2006.2007. International revenue remained relatively consistent in the nine-month periods ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006.2007.

Customer Concentration. During the periods presented, no individual customer accounted for more than 10% of total revenues.

Impact of Indian Rupee on Expenses

If we assume the same currency exchange rate for our rupee expenditures in 2007 as we experienced in 2008, the impact of the change in the rupee appreciation was minimal for the nine months ended September 30, 2008.

Cost of Revenues

The following table sets forth cost of revenues and the gross margins of selected items reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006.2007. The period-to period comparisons of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

 

  

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2007

  

Gross

Margin

  

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2006

  

Gross

Margin

  Change 2007 versus 2006 
      Nine Months Ended September 30   Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2008
  Margin  Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2007
  Margin  Change 2008 versus 2007
Nine months ended September 30
 
      $ Change % Change        $ Change % Change 

Software solutions

  $6,715  81% $9,121  83% $(2,406) -26%  $7,784  78% $6,715  81% $1,069  16%

Services and maintenance

   81,467  49%  73,002  50%  8,465  12%

Services

   68,313  26%  73,062  22%  (4,749) -6%

Maintenance

   7,866  88%  8,405  87%  (539) -6%

Amortization of acquired technology

   19  —     —    —     19  —      4  —     19  —     (15) -79%
                          

Total cost of revenues

  $88,201   $82,123   $6,078  7%  $83,967   $88,201   $(4,234) -5%
                          

Cost of SoftwareSolutions. Solutions. Cost of software solutions decreased 26%increased 16% or $2.4$1.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 20062007 primarily because of a decreasean increase in the number of hours worked on projects requiring essential services, which is reflected in our lower software solutions revenues for the 2007 period.services.

During the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, the costs attributable to the performance of essential services related to software solutions projects recognized under SOP 81-1 was $5.4 million and $2.5 million, and $4.8 million, respectively.respectively, an increase of 116%. The remaining costs of software solutions are not directly attributable to specific arrangements, so we do not believe there is a reasonable basis to calculate the cost of each type of software solutions transaction or the resulting contribution margin.

Cost of Services andMaintenance Services. These costs consist of expenses associated with the delivery of non-essential services, such as implementation, integration, process consulting and training. Cost of services and maintenance increased 12%decreased 6% or $8.5$4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 compared to the same period in 20062007. This decrease was primarily related to a decrease in employee related costs of $6.3 million partially offset by an increase in travel and entertainment of $1.1 million. The decrease in employee related costs was driven by a shift of approximately 28 associates from the services organization to the sales organization. This shift was done as part of our refocus in late 2007 to a resultsales approach centered on customer business units.

Cost of increasedMaintenance. These costs consist of expenses including support services personnel tosuch as telephone support our growing services business. Average services and unspecified upgrades/enhancements provided on a when-and-if-available basis. Cost of maintenance headcount increased 11%decreased 6% or $0.5 million for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2007 as2008 compared to the same period in 2006. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, employee-related2007. This decrease was primarily related to a decrease in personnel-related costs associated with this expense category increased $6.4of $0.2 million and a decrease in travel and entertainment increased $1.0 million and equipment expense increased $0.4 million as compared to the same period in 2006.of $0.2 million.

Amortization of Acquired Technology. In connection with our business acquisitions, we acquired developed technology that we offer as a part of our solutions. In accordance with applicable accounting standards, the amortization of acquired technology is included as a part of our cost of revenues because it relates to software products that are marketed to potential customers.

Operating Expenses

The following table sets forth operating expenses and the percentages of total revenue for those operating expenses as reported in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income. The period-to-period comparisons of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.

 

  

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2007

  

Percent of

Revenue

  

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2006

  

Percent of

Revenue

  Change 2007 versus 2006 
   Nine Months Ended September 30   Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2008
  Percent of
Revenue
  Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2007
  Percent of
Revenue
  Change 2008 versus 2007
Nine months ended September 30
 
   $ Change % Change      $ Change % Change 

Sales and marketing

  $32,582  17% $35,976  18% $(3,394) -9%  $35,540  19% $32,582  17% $2,958  9%

Research and development

   25,779  13%  26,698  13%  (919) -3%   22,558  12%  25,779  13%  (3,221) -12%

General and administrative

   30,192  15%  40,634  20%  (10,442) -26%   29,830  16%  29,691  15%  139  —   

Amortization of intangibles

   53  —     —    —     53  —      75  —     53  —     22  42%

Restructuring charges and adjustments

   3,847  2%  (248) —     4,095  -1651%   —    —     3,847  2%  (3,847) -100%
                          

Total operating expenses

  $92,453   $103,060   $(10,607) -10%

Costs and expenses, subtotal

   88,003    91,952    (3,949) -4%

Intellectual property settlement, net

   (79,860)   —      (79,860) —   
                          

Total operating expense

  $8,143   $91,952   $(83,809) -91%
             

Sales and Marketing Expense.For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, average2008, the increase in sales and marketing headcount decreased 3% comparedexpense included an increase in personnel-related costs of $1.8 million and an increase in commissions of $1.9 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in marketing program expense of $0.4 million and administrative and executive expense of $0.4 million. The increase in personnel-related costs is a result of the previously discussed transfer of employees from services to the same period in 2006. Salessales and marketing expense formarketing.

Research and Development Expense.For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 decreased 9% or $3.4 million compared to2008, the same perioddecrease in 2006 primarily due to decreasesresearch and development expense included a decrease in employee-related costs $1.2 million, a decrease in subcontractor cost of $4.1$1.1 million, partially offset by an increasea decrease in equipment cost of $0.3 million and a decrease in travel and entertainment expense of $0.3$0.2 million.

Research and Development Expense. The primary component of research and development expense is employee-related cost. Our average headcount remained relatively consistent during the periods presented as reflected by the relatively consistent level of expense.

General and Administrative Expense.General and administrative expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 decreased 26% or $10.4 million2008 was relatively unchanged compared to the same period in 2006 due2007.

Amortization of Intangible Assets and Impairment of Intangible Assets. From time to time, we have sought to enhance our product offerings through technology and business acquisitions. When an acquisition of a decline in legal expensebusiness is accounted for using the purchase method, the amount of $6.6 million, a decline in insurance expensethe purchase price is allocated to the fair value of $1.9 million, a decline in professional services expenseassets acquired, net of $1.2 million and a decline of employee-related expense of $1.1 million. Forliabilities assumed. Any excess purchase price is allocated to goodwill. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives, while goodwill is only written down if it is deemed to be impaired.

Restructuring Expense.During the nine months ended September 30, 2007, average general and administrative headcount decreased 7% compared to the same period in 2006.

Restructuring Expense.2008 we had no restructuring expense. During the three months ended September 30, 2007, we initiated a reorganization and eliminated approximately 50 positions. The purpose of the restructuring was to reduce management layers to both decrease cost and increase speed around decision-making and internal processes. The realignment included the elimination of certain management levels as well as other targeted cost reductions. We recorded a charge of approximately $3.9 million, primarily related to severance costs. The remaining

Intellectual Property Settlement, Net.On June 23, 2008, we reached a settlement with SAP to settle existing patent litigation between i2 and SAP. Under the terms of the settlement, SAP agreed to pay i2 $83.3 million. We recorded the $83.3 million net of legal expense of $3.5 million for the periods presented reflects adjustments to previously established accruals, based on changes in estimates.nine months ended September 30, 2008.

Non-Operating (Expense) Income,, Net

For the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, non-operating (expense) income,, net, was as follows:

 

   

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2007

  

Nine Months

Ended

September 30,

2006

 

Interest income

  $4,061  $3,771 

Interest expense

   (3,712)  (4,595)

Realized gains on investments, net

   1   501 

Foreign currency hedge and transaction losses, net

   (298)  (245)

Other expense, net

   (853)  (289)
         

Total non-operating expenses, net

  $(801) $(857)
         

   Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2008
  Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2007
  Change 2008 versus 2007
Nine months ended September 30
 
    $ Change  % Change 

Interest income

  $3,339  $4,061  (722) -18%

Interest expense

   (3,711)  (3,712) (1) —   

Realized gains (losses) on investments, net

   —     1  (1) -100%

Foreign currency hedge and transaction losses, net

   (1,244)  (298) 946  317%

Other expense, net

   (5,391)  (853) 4,538  532%
           

Total non-operating (expense), net

  $(7,007) $(801) 6,206  775%
           

Total non-operating expense, net,Interest income decreased 6.5% or $0.1 million forin the nine-month period ended September 30, 2008 compared to the same period in 2007 due to lower yields on average cash balances, partially offset by significantly higher average cash balances. For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006.

Interest income2008, average invested cash balances increased in the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to the same period in 2006 due to higher interest rates earned on invested balances.47%. The average rate earned for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was 2.51%, and for September 30, 2007 was 64 basis points higher then4.59%.

Interest expense was unchanged for the average rate earned in the prior year period. This increase was partially offset by lower average cash balances. For the ninethree months ended September 30, 2007, average cash balances decreased 7.4%.

Interest expense decreased for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 as compared to the same period in 2006 due2007.

The market interest rates on investments and the relative exchange values of foreign currencies are influenced by the monetary and fiscal policies of the governments in the countries in which we operate. The nature, timing and extent of any impact on our financial statements resulting from changes in those governments’ policies are not predictable. Risks associated with market interest rates and foreign exchange rates are discussed below under the section captioned “Sensitivity to lower debt levels following the retirement of certain indebtedness in December 2006.Market Risks.”

Other expense, net increased $0.6$4.5 million including the $5.3 million of external expense related to the JDA merger. These merger expenses include investment banker fees, convertible debt consent fees, cost sharing fees and transaction related legal expenses.

Provision for Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense of approximately $5.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared to the same period in 2006. Included in this change is the impact of $0.4 million of sales tax refunds received in the first quarter of 2006.

Provision for Income Taxes

We recognized income tax expense of2008 and $3.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, and $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006, representing effective income tax rates of 23.5%5.8% and 34.9%23.5%, respectively. A number ofVarious factors affect our effective income tax expense. These include,rate including, among others:others, changes in our valuation allowance, differences in the tax rateseffect of our foreign operations, state income taxes (net of federal income tax benefits), certain non-deductible meals and entertainment expenses, research and development tax credits, and the effect of foreign withholding taxes. Our effective income tax rates during the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and September 30, 2007 differ from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the effect these items have on our valuation allowance.

Income tax expense included the effect of foreign withholding taxes of $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and $1.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 20072007. Foreign withholding taxes are incurred on certain payments from international customers and $2.4 forare recorded upon receipt of such payments which are received net of the withheld taxes Foreign withholding taxes generally are available to reduce domestic federal regular income tax. Due to our net operating loss carryforwards and associated valuation allowance against our domestic deferred tax assets, these withheld taxes increase our income tax expense.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2006. Foreign withholding2008 we recorded a benefit to operating expense of approximately $83.3 million related to the settlement of the SAP patent litigation. We utilized net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes to reduce taxes areon the settlement. Accordingly, we recorded when incurred, normally upon receiptfederal and state alternative minimum tax (AMT) of payments from certain non-US customers,approximately $1.0 million and affect our$0.1 million, respectively, and other state income taxes of approximately $0.2 million in income tax expense due to their interaction with our domestic valuation allowance. Our effective income tax rates forduring the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 related to the settlement. Alternative minimum tax generally is available to reduce regular income tax in the future. Due to our net operating loss carryforwards and associated valuation allowance against our domestic deferred tax assets, these amounts increase our income tax expense.

Income tax expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 differ from2008 includes the U.S. statutory rate primarily dueeffect of a refund of approximately $1.0 million related to fluctuations in our valuation allowance.international operations.

Contractual Obligations

During the three-month periodand nine-month periods ended September 30, 2007,2008, there were no material changes outside the ordinary course of business in the specified contractual obligations set forth in our 20062007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2007,2008, we did not have any significant off-balance-sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of SEC Regulation S-K.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our working capital was $51.2$160.7 million at September 30, 20072008 compared to $17.4$63.6 million at December 31, 2006,2007, an improvement of $33.8$97.1 million or 195%152.7%. The improvement resulted from a $24.2$100.8 million decreaseincrease in current liabilities

(assets, comprised of decreasesan increase of $9.1$98.4 million in cash, including restricted cash, an increase of $1.9 million in accounts receivable and an increase of $0.6 million in other current assets. The increase in cash reflects the receipt of the cash settlement in the SAP litigation of $83.3 million. This increase in current assets was partially offset by an increase in current liabilities of $3.7 million (comprised of an increase in accrued liabilities of $3.9 million and an increase in deferred revenue of $1.1 million, partially offset by a decrease in accrued compensation and related expenses $8.7of $0.7 million in deferred revenue, $4.9 millionand a decrease in accounts payable and $1.5 million in accrued liabilities) and an increase of $9.7 million in current assets (comprised of an increase of $7.0 million in cash, including restricted cash, and an increase of $2.9 million in accounts receivable, partially offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in other current assets)$0.6 million).

Our working capital balance at September 30, 20072008 and December 31, 20062007 included deferred revenue. At September 30, 20072008 and December 31, 2006,2007, we had approximately $65.4$62.8 million and $74.0$61.7 million, respectively, of deferred revenue recorded as a current liability, representing pre-paid revenue for all of our different revenue categories. Our deferred revenue balance includes a margin to be earned when it is recognized, so the conversion of the liability to revenue will require cash outflows that are less than the amount of the liability.

Our cash and cash equivalents increased $5.2$100.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007.2008. This increase is primarily the result of $8.0$98.9 million of cash provided by operating activities and $1.9$1.0 million of cash provided by financinginvesting activities. The increase in cash provided by operating activities partially offset by $5.1reflects the receipt of $83.3 million for the SAP litigation settlement. Due to economic volatility, at the end of cash usedthe third quarter 2008, all of our short-term investments were invested in investing activities.Treasury and Agency securities.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2007,2008, cash provided by operating activities was approximately $8.0$98.9 million. Management tracks projected cash collections and projected cash outflows to monitor short-term liquidity requirements and to make decisions about future resource allocations and take actions to adjust our expenses with the goal of remaining cash flow positive from operations on an annual basis. Based on the timing of license bookings and maintenance renewals as well as working capital changes, cash flow from operations is typically seasonally stronger in the second and fourth quarters.

Cash used inprovided by investing activities was approximately $5.1$1.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2007.2008. We had cash outflows related to investing activities consisting of a business acquisition of $2.1 million, an increasedecrease in restricted cash of approximately $1.8 million andpartially offset by purchases of property, plantpremises and equipment of $1.2$0.8 million.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2007,2008, cash provided by financing activities was approximately $1.9 million. We had cash inflows from financing activities of $3.2 million consisting of theminimal and related to proceeds fromfor the issuance of common stock uponrelated to the exercise of stock options and under our employee stock purchase plan, partially offset by cash outflows of $1.3 million from the scheduled dividend paid on our outstanding preferred stock.options.

At September 30, 2007,2008, we had a net cash balance of $36.7$142.9 million compared to a net cash balance of $30.2$45.0 million at December 31, 2006.2007. We define net cash as the sum of our total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash minus our total short-term and long-term debt.

We maintain a $15.0 million letter of credit line. We are charged fees of 0.375% per year on the face amount of any outstanding letters of credit and 0.15% per year on the average daily-unused amount of the line. Under this line, we are required to maintain restricted cash (in an amount equal to 125% of the outstanding letters of credit) in a depository account maintained by the lender to secure letters of credit issued in connection with the line. The line has no financial covenants and expires on December 15, 2008. As of September 30, 2007, $3.82008, $4.1 million in letters of credit were outstanding under this line and $5.2$5.6 million in restricted cash was pledged as collateral.

We had $86.3 million in face value of our 5% senior convertible notes outstanding at September 30, 2007.2008. Holders of our senior convertible notes have the right to require us to repurchase all or any portion of the senior convertible notes on November 15, 2010 and may convert the senior convertible notes at any time on or after May 15, 2010. In addition, holders of the senior convertible notes may convert the senior convertible notes prior to May 15, 2010 upon the occurrence of any of the following events:

 

if the senior convertible notes have been called for redemption;

 

upon certain dividends or distributions to all holders of our common stock;

 

upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions constituting a “fundamental change” (the occurrence of a “change in control” or a “termination of trading,” each as defined in the indenture governing our senior convertible notes);

if the average of the trading prices for the senior convertible notes during any five consecutive trading-day period is less than 98% of the average of the conversion values for the senior convertible notes (the product of the last reported sale price of our common stock and the conversion rate) during that period; or

 

at any time after May 15, 2008 if the closing sale price of our common stock is equal to or greater than $23.21 for at least 20 trading days in the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the last trading day of the immediately preceding fiscal quarter.

Upon conversion of the senior convertible notes, we will be required to satisfy our conversion obligation with respect to the principal amount of the senior convertible notes to be converted in cash, with any remaining amount to be satisfied in shares of our common stock.

The indenture governing the 5% senior convertible notes contains a debt incurrence covenant that places restrictions on the amount and type of additional indebtedness that we can incur.incur other than with respect to the Merger. Such covenant specifies that we shall not, and that we shall not permit any of our subsidiaries to, directly or indirectly, incur or guarantee or assume any indebtedness other than “permitted indebtedness.” Permitted indebtedness is defined in the indenture to include, among others, the following categories of indebtedness: (i) all indebtedness outstanding on November 23, 2005; (ii) indebtedness under the senior convertible notes; (iii) indebtedness under our $15.0 million letter of credit line; (iv) between $25.0 million and $50.0 million of additional senior secured indebtedness (the maximum permitted amount to be determined by application of a formula contained in the indenture); and (v) at least $100.0 million of additional subordinated indebtedness (the maximum permitted amount to be determined by application of a formula contained in the indenture).

We experienced negative cash flows for the quarters ended March 31, 2007, September 30, 2006 and March 31, 2006, and for each of the five years ended December 31, 2005, primarily due to sharp declines in our revenues and our historical inability to reduce our expenses to a level at or below the level of our revenues. We may be required to seek private or public debt or equity financing in order to support our operations, satisfy the conversion obligation with respect to our senior convertible notes and/or repay our senior convertible notes. The debt incurrence restrictions imposed by the indenture governing our senior convertible notes could restrict or impede our ability to incur additional debt. We may not be able to obtain additional debt or equity financing on satisfactory terms, or at all, and any new financing could have a substantial dilutive effect on our existing stockholders.

Sensitivity to Market Risks

Foreign Currency Risk. Revenues originating outside of the United States, a portion of which are denominated in foreign currencies, totaled 47%41% and 40%47% for the three months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, respectively, and totaled 44%41% and 43%44% for the nine months ended September 30, 20072008 and September 30, 2006,2007, respectively. Since we conduct business on a global basis in various foreign currencies, we are exposed to movements in foreign currency exchange rates. We utilize a foreign currency-hedging program that uses foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge various nonfunctional currency exposures. The objective of this program is to reduce the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on our results of operations. Furthermore, our goal is to offset foreign currency transaction gains and losses recorded for accounting purposes with gains and losses realized on the forward contracts. Our hedging activities cannot completely protect us from the risk of foreign currency losses as our currency exposures are constantly changing and not all of these exposures are hedged. A large portion of our employee base is located in India, and as a result, a significant portion of our fixed expenses are denominated in the Indian Rupee (INR). Therefore, as the INR exchange rate fluctuates against the U.S. Dollar (USD), the resulting impact on our consolidated USD expenses can be significant.

Interest Rate Risk.Our investments are subject to interest rate risk. Interest rate risk is the risk that our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected due to movements in interest rates. We typically invest our cash in a variety of interest-earning financial instruments, including bank time deposits, money market funds and taxable and tax-exempt variable-rate and fixed-rate obligations of corporations and federal, state and local governmental entities and agencies. These investments are primarily denominated in U.S. Dollars. Cash balances in foreign currencies overseas are primarily operating balances and are generally invested in short-term time deposits of the local operating bank. Due to the demand nature of our money market funds and the short-term nature of our time deposits and debt securities portfolio, these assets are sensitive to changes in interest rates. The Federal Reserve Board influences the

general direction of market interest rates in the U.S. where the majority of our cash and investments are held. As of September 30, 20072008 and December 31, 2006,2007, the weighted-average yield on cash and cash equivalent balances was 4.37%1.3% and 4.69%4.4%, respectively. The lower yields at September 30, 2008, were due to lower inter-bank borrowing rates, which heavily affect yields on investments, and a change in the company’s investment mix to reduce risk. If overall interest rates fell by 100 basis points in the fourththird quarter of 2007,2008, our interest income would decline approximately $0.3$0.5 million for the quarter, assuming cash and cash equivalent levels consistent with September 30, 20072008 levels.

Credit Risk. Financial assets that potentially subject us to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of investments and accounts receivable. During the third quarter of 2007, we shifted our investments from commercial paper into money-market instruments due to the volatility in the commercial paper markets. Cash on deposit is held with financial institutions with high credit standings. Debt security investments are generally in highly-rated corporations and municipalities as well as agencies of the U.S. government; however, a significant portion of these investments are in corporate debt securities, which carry a higher level of risk compared to municipal and U.S. government-backed securities. Our customer base consists of large numbers of geographically diverse enterprises dispersed across many industries. As a result, concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is not significant. However, we periodically perform credit evaluations for most of our customers and maintain reserves for potential losses. In certain situations we may seek letters of credit to be issued on behalf of some customers to mitigate our exposure to credit risk.

We currently use foreign exchange contracts to hedge the risk associated with receivables denominated in foreign currencies. Risk of non-performance by counterparties to such contracts is minimal due to the size and credit standings of the financial institutions involved.

Market Price Risk. We have invested in several privately held companies, many of which can still be considered in the start-up or development stages or may no longer be viable or operational. As a result of significant declines in the expected realizable amounts of these investments, in previous periods we wrote off the book value of most of these investments as the decline in fair value was considered other than temporary.

Inflation. Inflation has not had a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

 

ITEM 3.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

This information is included in the section captioned “Sensitivity to Market Risks,” included in Item 2 — Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

ITEM 4.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.Procedures. As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act), our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our “disclosure controls and procedures” as of the end of the period covered by this report. As defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures of our company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by our company in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by our company in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our company’s management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based on this evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by our company in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC and to provide reasonable assurance that such information is accumulated and communicated to our company’s management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. It should be noted that any system of controls, however well designed and operated, is based in part upon certain assumptions and can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.As required by Rule 13a-15(d) under the Exchange Act, our management, including our CEO and CFO, also conducted an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any change occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Based on our evaluation, during our most recent fiscal quarter there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2008, we did not timely file an Item 5.02 Form 8-K related to the resignation of an officer of the Company. We have implemented improvements to our disclosure controls, including a notification process which is designed to provide for the timely disclosure of executive resignations. We plan to formalize these improvements with the audit committee during the quarter ending December 31, 2008. We have re-evaluated our internal controls in light of these matters and concluded the late filing did not occur as a result of a material weakness.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

 

ITEM 1.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The information set forth inNote 7 – Commitments and Contingencies in our Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 1A.RISK FACTORS

Other than as describedExcept for the risk factors set forth below, there have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of our 20062007 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Certain Large Stockholders Have Called ForAdditional Delays in Completing or the Public SaleFailure to Complete the Announced Merger Among i2, JDA Software Group, Inc. and Igloo Acquisition Corp. Poses a Significant Risk to Our Business.

On August 10, 2008, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”) with JDA Software Group, Inc. (“JDA”) and Igloo Acquisition Corp. (“Merger Sub”), under which i2 would merge with and into Merger Sub, with i2 being the surviving entity (the “Merger”). We cannot provide any assurance that the Merger will be consummated. If the Merger is consummated, we cannot assure you of the Company,timing of the closing.

On November 4, 2008, JDA notified us in writing that they wished to renegotiate the price of the consideration to be paid under the Merger Agreement and requested that we adjourn our stockholder meeting, previously scheduled for November 6, 2008, the purpose of which was to approve and adopt the Merger Agreement (the “Special Meeting”). We proceeded to hold the Special Meeting and the BoardMerger Agreement was approved and adopted by our stockholders. Following the Special Meeting, we received a written proposal from JDA to amend the consideration to be paid to the common stockholders to an amount significantly below $14.86. Our board of Directors of i2 Has Formed a Strategic Review Committee in Connection With an Ongoing Review of i2’s Management, Operationsdirectors reviewed JDA’s proposal and Strategy

On September 13, 2007, Amalgamated Gadget, L.P., a beneficial owner of approximately 17.6% of our common stock, filed an amendment to its Schedule 13D announcingconcluded that it was exercising rights undernot in the termsbest interests of our Series B preferred stocki2’s stockholders to name two personspursue it.

In light of the foregoing, there can be no assurance that the parties will be able to our Board of Directors and stating,close the Merger as contemplated by the existing Merger Agreement. In the event that the Merger is not completed or is delayed, we may experience, among other things, that i2 should explore strategic options, including a possible outright sale of i2 or its assets. On October 3, 2007, S.A.C. Capital Advisors, LLC filed a Schedule 13D announcing that it was a beneficial owner of approximately 8.9% ofdownward pressure on our common stock and stating, among other things, that the value of i2’s assets is not appropriately reflected in the price of our common stock and that the best way to increase shareholder value would be a public sale of i2. On November 1, 2007, the Company announced that, in connection with an ongoing review of i2’s management, operations and strategy which was initiated early this year, the Board of Directors of i2 has formed a Strategic Review Committee comprised of three independent directors to consider and evaluate the merits of the various strategic options available to i2 to enhance shareholder value. Those strategic options may include: changes to our operations; actions or transactions intended to enhance the value or utilization of our existing assets; joint ventures or strategic partnerships; selective acquisitions, dispositions or other capital transactions; and a merger, sale or other extraordinary business transaction involving the Company.

Continued pressure by activist stockholders for the sale of the Company, and/or the Company’s ongoing exploration of strategic options, could create distractionsstock; lawsuits; continued uncertainty for our management, sales staff, and other employeesemployees; and create uncertainty infor existing and potential customers regarding our ability to meet our contractual obligations. Such distractions and uncertainty could harm our business, the results of operations, cash flow, and our overall financial condition. Further, certain costs associated with the Merger have already been paid, such as the $5.3 million in external expenses included in our third quarter results. Certain other costs, such as additional investment banker and additional consent fees will be payable by us upon closing of the Merger. Certain other costs such as legal and accounting fees and reimbursement of certain expenses, are payable by us whether or not the Merger is completed.

General Economic Conditions May Affect Our Business, Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

Demand for our products depends in large part upon the level of capital and maintenance expenditures by many of our customers. Decreased capital and maintenance spending could have a material adverse effect on the demand for our products and our business, results of operations, cash flow and overall financial condition.

RestructuringDisruptions in the financial markets may adversely impact the availability of credit already arranged and Reorganization Initiatives Have Been Executed, And Such Activities Pose Significant Risks To Our Business

In late July 2007, we began restructuring initiatives involving reducing our workforcethe availability and cost of credit in an effort to achieve our profitability objectives. These activities pose significant risks tothe future, which could result in the delay or cancellation of projects or capital programs on which our business includingdepends. In addition, the risk that terminated employees will disparagedisruptions in the company, file legal claims against us relatedfinancial markets may also have an adverse impact on regional economies or the world economy, which could negatively impact the capital and maintenance expenditures of our customers. These conditions may reduce the willingness or ability of our customers and prospective customers to their termination of employment, become employed by competitors or share our intellectual property or other sensitive information with others and that the reorganization will not achieve targeted efficiencies. The failurecommit funds to retain and effectively manage our remaining employees or achieve our targeted efficiencies through the reorganization could increase our costs, adversely affect our development efforts and adversely affect the quality ofpurchase our products and customer service. If customers become dissatisfied withservices, or their ability to pay for our products or service, our maintenance renewals may decrease, our customers may take legal action against us and our salesservices after purchase. We are unable to existing customers could decline, leading to reduced revenues. Failure to achievepredict the desired results of our restructuringlikely duration and reorganization initiatives could harm our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition.

Chief Executive Officer Succession

Effective July 30, 2007, Pallab K. Chatterjee was appointed interim CEO following the resignation of Michael E. McGrath from his positions as an officerseverity of the Company. Prior to his appointment as interim CEO, Mr. Chatterjee was our Executive Vice President, Solutions Operationscurrent disruption in financial markets and Chief Delivery Officer. Our Board of Directors has identified a number of CEO candidatesadverse economic conditions in the U.S. and expects to name a permanent CEO pending the outcome of the ongoing exploration of strategic options currently being conducted by the Strategic Review Committee of the Board. Until that time, Mr. Chatterjee will continue to serve as the company’s interim CEO and remains a candidate for the permanent CEO position.

This transition to an interim CEO and then a permanent CEO could be a distraction to our senior management, business operations and customers. The search for a permanent replacement could also result in significant recruiting and relocation costs. If we fail to successfully attract and appoint a permanent CEO with the appropriate level of expertise, we could experience harm to our business, results of operations, cash flow and financial condition.other countries.

 

ITEM 2.UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None

ITEM 3.DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None

 

ITEM 4.SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

On September 13, 2007, a special meeting of the holders of our Series B Preferred Stock was held for the purpose of electing a director to our Board of Directors. At such meeting, Michael J. Simmons was elected to the Board with 105,288 votes cast for his election by the holder of the Series B, no votes withheld and no abstentions. The terms of office of Stephen P. Bradley, Harvey B. Cash, Richard L. Clemmer, Michael E. McGrath, Sanjiv S. Sidhu, Lloyd G. Waterhouse and Jackson L. Wilson continued after the meeting.

On September 20, 2007, a special meeting of the holders of our Series B Preferred Stock was held for the purpose of electing a second director to our Board of Directors. At such meeting, David L. Pope was elected to the Board with 105,288 votes cast for his election by the holder of the Series B, no votes withheld and no abstentions. The terms of office of Stephen P. Bradley, Harvey B. Cash, Richard L. Clemmer, Michael E. McGrath, Sanjiv S. Sidhu, Michael J. Simmons, Lloyd G. Waterhouse and Jackson L. Wilson continued after the meeting.

None

 

ITEM 5.OTHER INFORMATION

None

 

ITEM 6.EXHIBITS.

(a)Exhibits

 

(a)Exhibits

Exhibit

Number

 

Description

10.1

  2.1
 

     Resignation

Agreement and Plan of Michael McGrathMerger among i2 Technologies, Inc., JDA Software Group, Inc. and general release executed by Mr. McGrath in favor of i2 and certain other personsIgloo Acquisition Corp., dated August 10, 2008 (filed as exhibits 10.1 and 10.2Exhibit 2.1 to the 8-K filed by i2 on August 1, 2007)12, 2008).

10.2

  4.1
 

     Resignation

Third Amendment to Rights Agreement between i2 Technologies, Inc. and General Release executed by Barbara Stinnett, in connection with Ms. Stinnett’s resignationMellon Investor Services LLC, dated as of August 10, 2008 (filed as exhibit 10.1Exhibit 4.1 to the 8-K filed by i2 on August 8, 2007.

12, 2008).

31.1

  4.2
 

First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 11, 2008 to 5% Senior Convertible Notes due 2015 Indenture, dated as of November 23, 2005, between i2 Technologies, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A. (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the 8-K filed by i2 on September 18, 2008).
99.1Form of Voting Agreement for Officers and Directors of i2 Technologies, Inc., dated August 10, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the 8-K filed by i2 on August 12, 2008).
99.2Form of Voting Agreement for Holder of Series B Preferred Stock (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the 8-K filed by i2 on August 12, 2008).
99.3Consent and Conversion Agreement between i2 Technologies, Inc. and Highbridge International LLC entered into as of August 10, 2008 (filed as Exhibit 99.3 to the 8-K filed by i2 on August 12, 2008).
99.4Consent provided as of September 8, 2008 to i2 Technologies, Inc. and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as successor in interest to JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, by Highbridge International LLC, Credit-Suisse Securities (USA) LLC and UBS Securities LLC.
99.5Form of Consent and Conversion Agreement between i2 Technologies, Inc. and all holders of its 5% Senior Convertible Notes due 2015 other than Highbridge International LLC.
31.1Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 of Pallab K. Chatterjee, Interim Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) of i2.

31.2

 

Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 of Michael J. Berry, Executive Vice President, Finance and Accounting, and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) of i2.

32.1

 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, of Pallab K. Chatterjee, Interim Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) of i2.

32.2

 

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, of Michael J. Berry, Executive Vice President, Finance and Accounting, and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer) of i2.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

  i2 TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

November 6, 2007

14, 2008
  By: 

/s/ Michael J. Berry

   Michael J. Berry
   

Executive Vice President, Finance and

Accounting, and Chief Financial Officer

   

(On behalf of the Registrant and

as Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)

 

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