UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period ended

Commission FileNumber: 001-35477

Regional Management Corp.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware		57-0847115
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

979 Batesville Road, Suite B Greer, South Carolina		29651
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(864)448-7000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

Trading

Symbol

Name of Each Exchange

on Which Registered

Common Stock, $0.10 par value

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of RegulationS-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, anon-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~November 7, 2018,~~July 30, 2019, the registrant had outstanding ~~11,791,234~~11,481,659 shares of Common Stock, $0.10 par value.



			Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.		Financial Statements

		Consolidated Balance Sheets Dated June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	3

		Consolidated ~~Balance Sheets Dated September~~Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~December 31, 2017~~2018		3	4

		Consolidated Statements of ~~Income~~Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018		4	5

		Consolidated Statements of ~~Stockholders’ Equity~~Cash Flows for the ~~Nine~~Six Months Ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~the Year Ended December 31, 2017~~2018		5	6

		~~Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 and 2017~~		6

		Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements		7

Item 2.		Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		21	20

Item 3.		Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		41	38

Item 4.		Controls and Procedures		41	39

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.		Legal Proceedings		42	40

Item 1A.		Risk Factors	40
	42
Item 2.		Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	40

Item 6.		Exhibits		43	40

SIGNATURE				44	41

~~PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION~~

ITEM 1.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

Regional Management Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except par value amounts)


Assets	September 30, 2018 (Unaudited)			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019 (Unaudited)			December 31, 2018
Cash	$	517		$	5,230		$	694		$	3,657
Gross finance receivables		1,175,797			1,066,650			1,300,043			1,237,526
Unearned finance charges and insurance premiums		(287,721	)		(249,187	)		(326,609	)		(305,283	)

Finance receivables		888,076			817,463			973,434			932,243
Allowance for credit losses		(55,300	)		(48,910	)		(57,200	)		(58,300	)

Net finance receivables		832,776			768,553			916,234			873,943
Restricted cash		29,327			16,787			41,803			46,484
Lease assets								25,575			—
Property and equipment		12,540			12,294			14,132			13,926
Intangible assets		10,429			10,607			9,953			10,010
Deferred tax asset								437			—
Other assets		7,690			16,012			10,488			8,375

Total assets	$	893,279		$	829,483		$	1,019,316		$	956,395

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Liabilities:
Long-term debt	$	611,593		$	571,496		$	689,310		$	660,507
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(7,216	)		(4,950	)		(7,357	)		(9,158	)

Net long-term debt		604,377			566,546			681,953			651,349
Lease liabilities								27,454			—
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		19,510			18,565			19,690			25,138
Deferred tax liability		1,963			4,961			—			747

Total liabilities		625,850			590,072			729,097			677,234
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 4 and 10)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock ($0.10 par value, 100,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding)		—			—			—			—
Common stock ($0.10 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 13,336 shares issued and 11,790 shares outstanding at September 30, 2018 and 13,205 shares issued and 11,659 shares outstanding at December 31, 2017)		1,334			1,321
Common stock ($0.10 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 13,494 shares issued and 11,663 shares outstanding at June 30, 2019 and 13,323 shares issued and 11,777 shares outstanding at December 31, 2018)								1,349			1,332
Additionalpaid-in-capital		97,814			94,384			100,486			98,778
Retained earnings		193,327			168,752			220,574			204,097
Treasury stock (1,546 shares at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017)		(25,046	)		(25,046	)
Treasury stock (1,831 shares at June 30, 2019 and 1,546 shares at December 31, 2018)								(32,190	)		(25,046	)

Total stockholders’ equity		267,429			239,411			290,219			279,161

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	893,279		$	829,483		$	1,019,316		$	956,395


The following table presents the assets and liabilities of our consolidated variable interest entities:
Assets
Cash	$	141		$	70		$	167		$	168
Finance receivables		288,401			137,239			356,679			342,481
Allowance for credit losses		(16,087	)		(7,129	)		(17,406	)		(18,378	)
Restricted cash		22,358			10,734			34,268			39,361
Other assets		123			119			129			75

Total assets	$	294,936		$	141,033		$	373,837		$	363,707

Liabilities
Net long-term debt	$	253,335		$	116,658		$	337,776		$	324,879
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		29			53			83			25

Total liabilities	$	253,364		$	116,711		$	337,859		$	324,904

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Regional Management Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2019		2018		2019		2018
Revenue
Interest and fee income	$	72,128	$	63,615	$	205,108	$	182,657	$	75,974	$	66,829	$	150,296	$	132,980
Insurance income, net		2,898		3,095		9,169		9,985		5,066		2,882		9,179		6,271
Other income		2,890		2,484		8,680		7,710		3,234		2,705		6,547		5,790

Total revenue		77,916		69,194		222,957		200,352		84,274		72,416		166,022		145,041

Expenses
Provision for credit losses		23,640		20,152		63,358		57,875		25,714		20,203		49,057		39,718
Personnel		21,376		19,534		61,994		56,089		22,511		19,390		44,904		40,618
Occupancy		5,490		5,480		16,586		16,184		6,210		5,478		12,375		11,096
Marketing		2,132		2,303		5,843		5,287		2,261		2,258		3,912		3,711
Other		6,863		6,523		19,245		19,376		6,761		6,089		14,735		12,382

Total general and administrative expenses		35,861		33,840		103,668		96,936		37,743		33,215		75,926		67,807
Interest expense		8,729		6,658		23,821		17,092		9,771		7,915		19,492		15,092

Income before income taxes		9,686		8,544		32,110		28,449		11,046		11,083		21,547		22,424
Income taxes		2,237		3,235		7,535		9,371		2,677		2,601		5,070		5,298

Net income	$	7,449	$	5,309	$	24,575	$	19,078	$	8,369	$	8,482	$	16,477	$	17,126

Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.64	$	0.46	$	2.11	$	1.65	$	0.71	$	0.73	$	1.41	$	1.47

Diluted	$	0.61	$	0.45	$	2.03	$	1.62	$	0.70	$	0.70	$	1.37	$	1.42

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic		11,672		11,563		11,649		11,537		11,706		11,658		11,709		11,638

Diluted		12,133		11,812		12,101		11,752		12,022		12,138		12,049		12,084

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Regional Management Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Common Stock						Additional			Retained		Treasury						Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Shares			Amount			Paid-in-Capital			Earnings		Stock			Total			Common Stock					Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
Balance, December 31, 2016		12,996		$	1,300		$	92,432		$	138,789	$	(25,046	)	$	207,475							Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
																		Shares		Amount			Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
Balance, March 31, 2019																			13,465	$	1,347		Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
Issuance of restricted stock awards		74			7			(7	)		—		—			—			29		3			(3	)		—		—			—
Exercise of stock options		289			29			305			—		—			334
Repurchase of common stock																			—		—			—			—		(7,144	)		(7,144	)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement		(154	)		(15	)		(2,006	)		—		—			(2,021	)		—		(1	)		(16	)		—		—			(17	)
Share-based compensation		—			—			3,660			—		—			3,660			—		—			1,195			—		—			1,195
Net income		—			—			—			29,963		—			29,963			—		—			—			8,369		—			8,369

Balance, December 31, 2017		13,205		$	1,321		$	94,384		$	168,752	$	(25,046	)	$	239,411
Balance, June 30, 2019																			13,494	$	1,349		$	100,486		$	220,574	$	(32,190	)	$	290,219

Issuance of restricted stock awards		100			10			(10	)		—		—			—
Exercise of stock options		88			9			—			—		—			9
Shares withheld related to net share settlement		(57	)		(6	)		(510	)		—		—			(516	)
Share-based compensation		—			—			3,950			—		—			3,950
Net income		—			—			—			24,575		—			24,575

Balance, September 30, 2018 (unaudited)		13,336		$	1,334		$	97,814		$	193,327	$	(25,046	)	$	267,429


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Common Stock						Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
	Shares			Amount			Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
Balance, March 31, 2018		13,294		$	1,329		$	95,272		$	177,396	$	(25,046	)	$	248,951
Issuance of restricted stock awards		29			3			(3	)		—		—			—
Exercise of stock options		29			2			—			—		—			2
Shares withheld related to net share settlement		(18	)		(1	)		(196	)		—		—			(197	)
Share-based compensation		—			—			1,296			—		—			1,296
Net income		—			—			—			8,482		—			8,482

Balance, June 30, 2018		13,334		$	1,333		$	96,369		$	185,878	$	(25,046	)	$	258,534


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Common Stock						Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
	Shares			Amount			Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
Balance, December 31, 2018		13,323		$	1,332		$	98,778		$	204,097	$	(25,046	)	$	279,161
Issuance of restricted stock awards		190			19			(19	)		—		—			—
Repurchase of common stock		—			—			—			—		(7,144	)		(7,144	)
Shares withheld related to net share settlement		(19	)		(2	)		(465	)		—		—			(467	)
Share-based compensation		—			—			2,192			—		—			2,192
Net income		—			—			—			16,477		—			16,477

Balance, June 30, 2019		13,494		$	1,349		$	100,486		$	220,574	$	(32,190	)	$	290,219


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
	Common Stock						Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
	Shares			Amount			Additional Paid-in-Capital			Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock			Total
Balance, December 31, 2017		13,205		$	1,321		$	94,384		$	168,752	$	(25,046	)	$	239,411
Issuance of restricted stock awards		97			10			(10	)		—		—			—
Exercise of stock options		89			8			—			—		—			8
Shares withheld related to net share settlement		(57	)		(6	)		(509	)		—		—			(515	)
Share-based compensation		—			—			2,504			—		—			2,504
Net income		—			—			—			17,126		—			17,126

Balance, June 30, 2018		13,334		$	1,333		$	96,369		$	185,878	$	(25,046	)	$	258,534

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Regional Management Corp. and Subsidiaries

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

(in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2019			2018
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	24,575		$	19,078		$	16,477		$	17,126
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses		63,358			57,875			49,057			39,718
Depreciation and amortization		6,401			5,337			5,327			4,071
Loss on disposal of property and equipment		50			131			41			50
Share-based compensation		5,213			3,254			2,192			2,504
Fair value adjustment on interest rate caps		(134	)		85			243			(139	)
Deferred income taxes, net		(2,998	)		(5,088	)		(1,185	)		(1,129	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in other assets		8,456			(641	)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses		(148	)		3,174
Increase in other assets								(473	)		(1,271	)
Decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses								(5,072	)		(840	)

Net cash provided by operating activities		104,773			83,205			66,607			60,090

Cash flows from investing activities:
Net originations of finance receivables		(127,582	)		(108,806	)		(91,348	)		(69,954	)
Purchases of intangible assets		(1,344	)		(5,447	)		(993	)		(1,183	)
Purchases of property and equipment		(3,036	)		(4,146	)		(2,418	)		(1,667	)
Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment		—			558			49			—

Net cash used in investing activities		(131,962	)		(117,841	)		(94,710	)		(72,804	)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Net advances (payments) on senior revolving credit facility		(99,351	)		8,168			17,516			(68,870	)
Payments on amortizing loan		(26,706	)		(17,245	)		(9,391	)		(20,487	)
Net advances on revolving warehouse credit facility		15,908			55,750
Net advances on securitization		150,246			—
Net advances (payments) on revolving warehouse credit facility								20,748			(36,374	)
Net advances (payments) on securitizations								(70	)		150,000
Payments for debt issuance costs		(4,389	)		(4,251	)		(386	)		(3,730	)
Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards		(692	)		(1,796	)		(814	)		(687	)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		—			307
Repurchase of common stock								(7,144	)		—

Net cash provided by financing activities		35,016			40,933			20,459			19,852

Net change in cash and restricted cash		7,827			6,297			(7,644	)		7,138
Cash and restricted cash at beginning of period		22,017			12,743			50,141			22,017

Cash and restricted cash at end of period	$	29,844		$	19,040		$	42,497		$	29,155

Supplemental cash flow information
Supplemental cash flow information:
Interest paid	$	21,577		$	14,436		$	17,059		$	14,249

Income taxes paid	$	641		$	12,930		$	9,121		$	5,543

The following table reconciles cash and restricted cash from the Consolidated Balance Sheets to the statements above:


	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Cash	$	517	$	5,230	$	5,191	$	4,446	$	694	$	3,657	$	2,799	$	5,230
Restricted cash		29,327		16,787		13,849		8,297		41,803		46,484		26,356		16,787

Total cash and restricted cash	$	29,844	$	22,017	$	19,040	$	12,743	$	42,497	$	50,141	$	29,155	$	22,017

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

Regional Management Corp. and Subsidiaries

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1. Nature of Business

Regional Management Corp. (the “Company”) was incorporated and began operations in 1987. The Company is engaged in the consumer finance business, offering small loans, large loans, retail loans, and related payment and collateral protection insurance products. The Company previously offered automobile loans, but it ceased such originations in November 2017. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company operated branches in 346 locations in the states of Alabama (46 branches), Georgia (8 branches), Missouri (1 branch), New Mexico (18 branches), North Carolina (36 branches), Oklahoma (28 branches), South Carolina (67 branches), Tennessee (23 branches), Texas (101 branches), and Virginia (18 branches) under the name ~~Regional Finance. The Company opened four net branches during~~“Regional Finance” in 356 branch locations across 11 states in the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2018.~~Southeastern, Southwestern,Mid-Atlantic, and Midwestern United States.

The Company’s loan volume and contractual delinquency follow seasonal trends. Demand for the Company’s small and large loans is typically highest during the second, third, and fourth quarters, which the Company believes is largely due to customers borrowing money for vacation,back-to-school, and holiday spending. ~~With the exception of retail loans, loan~~Loan demand has generally been the lowest during the first quarter, which the Company believes is largely due to the timing of income tax refunds. Delinquencies generally reach their lowest point in the first ~~quarter~~half of the year and rise ~~throughout~~in the ~~remainder~~second half of the ~~fiscal~~ year. Consequently, the Company experiences seasonal fluctuations in its operating results and cash needs.

Note 2. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation:The consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to the Quarterly Report on Form10-Q adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and, accordingly, do not include all information and note disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. The interim financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), but in the opinion of management, the interim financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s financial position, results of operations, and cash flows in accordance with GAAP. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, as filed with the SEC.

Significant accounting policies: The following is a description of significant accounting policies used in preparing the financial statements. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company are in accordance with GAAP and conform to general practices within the consumer finance industry.

Principles of consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company operates through a separate wholly-owned subsidiary in each state. The Company also consolidates variable interest entities (each, a “VIE”) when it is considered to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE because it has (i) power over the significant activities of the VIE and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns that could be significant to the VIE.

Variable interest entities: The Company transfers pools of loans to wholly-owned, bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entities (each, an “SPE”) to secure debt for general funding purposes. These entities have the limited purpose of acquiring finance receivables and holding and making payments on the related debts. Assets transferred to each SPE are legally isolated from the Company and its affiliates, as well as the claims of the Company’s and its affiliates’ creditors. Further, the assets of each SPE are owned by such SPE and are not available to satisfy the debts or other obligations of the Company or any of its affiliates. The Company continues to service the finance receivables transferred to the SPEs. The lenders and investors in the debt issued by the SPEs generally only have recourse to the assets of the SPEs and do not have recourse to the general credit of the Company.

The SPEs’ debt arrangements are structured to provide enhancements to the lenders and investors ~~including~~ in the form of overcollateralization (the principal balance of the collateral exceeds the balance of the debt) and reserve funds (restricted cash held by the SPEs). These enhancements, along with the isolated finance receivables pools, increase the creditworthiness of the SPEs above that of the Company as a whole. This increases the marketability of the Company’s collateral for borrowing purposes, leading to more favorable borrowing terms, improved interest rate risk management, and additional flexibility to grow the business.

The SPEs are considered VIEs under GAAP and are consolidated into the financial statements of their primary beneficiary. The Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary of the SPEs because it has (i) power over the significant activities through its role as servicer of the finance receivables under each debt arrangement and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns that could be significant through the Company’s interest in the monthly residual cash flows of the SPEs after each debt is paid.

Consolidation of VIEs results in these transactions being accounted for as secured borrowings; therefore, the pooled receivables and the related debts remain on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company. Each debt is secured solely by the assets of the VIEs and not by any other assets of the Company. The assets of the VIEs are the only source of funds for repayment on each debt, and restricted cash held by the VIEs can only be used to support payments on the debt. The Company recognizes revenue and provision for credit losses on the finance receivables of the VIEs and interest expense on the related secured debt.

Use of estimates: The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities for the periods indicated in the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change relate to the determination of the allowance for credit losses, the fair value of share-based compensation, the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, contingent liabilities on litigation matters, and the allocation of the purchase price to assets acquired in business combinations.

Reclassifications:Certain prior-period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation. Such reclassifications had no impact on previously reported net income or stockholders’ equity.

Recent accounting pronouncements: In ~~May 2014,~~February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an accounting update on the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. The update is based on the principle that revenue is recognized to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the update specifies the accounting for certain costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer and expands disclosure requirements for revenue recognition. The update applies to all contracts with customers, except leases, insurance contracts, financial instruments, guarantees, and certain nonmonetary exchanges. In August 2015, the FASB issued an additional update on revenue recognition, which deferred the effective date of the update to annual and interim reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted the new standard effective in 2018. As substantially all of the Company’s revenues are generated from activities that are outside the scope of the new standard, the adoption does not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements or disclosure requirements.

~~In February 2016, the FASB~~ issued an accounting update to increase transparency and comparability of accounting for lease transactions. The update ~~requires~~required: (i) all leases to be recognized on the balance sheet as lease(right-of-use) assets and lease liabilities and ~~requires~~(ii) both quantitative and qualitative disclosures regarding key information about leasing arrangements. ~~All of the Company’s leases are currently classified as operating leases, with no lease assets or lease liabilities recorded.~~ The update iswas effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, ~~2018, and early adoption is permitted.~~2018. The Company completed the implementation of third-party software to facilitate compliance with the accounting ~~update will create~~and reporting requirements of the lease standard. Prior to adoption, all of the Company’s leases were classified as operating leases, with no lease assets or liabilities recorded. The Company transitioned to this accounting change on a modified retrospective basis by recording the cumulative-effect of lease assets and liabilities for active leases as of January 1, 2019. The Company did not restate comparative periods in transition and elected to use the effective date of January 1, 2019 as the initial date of transition. The Company also elected to utilize the package of transition practical expedients, which included not reassessing the following: (i) whether existing contracts contain leases, (ii) the existing classification of leases as operating or financing, or (iii) the initial direct costs of leases. The Company did not use hindsight to determine the lease term or include options to extend for leases existing at the transition date. In addition, the Company elected not to apply the new lease standard to leases with terms of twelve months or less.

As a result of the adoption of the new lease standard on January 1, 2019, the Company recorded $24.1 million for both lease liabilities and ~~have an impact~~the corresponding lease assets. The lease liabilities were based on the ~~Company’s~~present value of the remaining minimum rental payments using discount rates as of the effective date. There was no impact to the consolidated statements of income related to the adoption of this standard. The adoption of this standard did not require the Company to alter its debt covenants. The Company is working with its lenders to address any issues before implementation and continues to evaluate and quantify the potential impacts of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued an accounting update ~~to change~~significantly changing the impairment model for estimating credit losses on financial assets. The current incurred loss impairment model requires the recognition of credit losses when it is probable that a loss has been incurred. The incurred loss model will be replaced by an expected credit loss model, which requires entities to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and to record an allowance to offset the amortized cost basis of the financial asset. The new expected credit loss model will require earlier recognition of credit losses as compared to the incurred loss approach. The expected credit loss model uses historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts to estimate lifetime expected credit losses. This accounting update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted.

The Company’s cross-functional implementation team, expected credit loss software vendor, and expected credit loss consulting team are progressing with the established project plan to ensure compliance with all facets of the accounting update at the time of adoption. The Company believes the implementation of the accounting update will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial ~~statements~~statements. The adoption of this standard will cause an increase to the allowance for credit losses, an increase to deferred tax assets, and isa correspondingone-time cumulative reduction to retained earnings, net of tax, in the ~~process~~consolidated balance sheet as of ~~quantifying the potential impacts.~~

In August 2016, the FASB issued an accounting update to provide specific guidance on certain cash flow classification issues to reduce diversity in practice. These issues include debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, contingent consideration payments after business combinations, beneficial interest in securitization transactions, and proceeds from insurance claims. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption was permitted.January 1, 2020. The ~~Company adopted the new standard effective in 2018, and~~ implementation of the accounting update ~~had no~~will not result in changes in the cash flows of the financial assets and will not require existing debt covenants to be modified. The accounting update will require expanded disclosures related to the new model. As the implementation plan progresses, the Company will provide further disclosure in the future regarding the impact of the update on ~~the Company’s~~its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued an accounting update to address diversity in the classification of restricted cash transfers on the statement of cash flows. The amendment requires that the statements of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption was permitted. The Company adopted the new standard effective in 2018. As a result, the Company no longer reports the changes in restricted cash as an investing activity. Instead, restricted cash is included in the beginning and ending cash balances on the consolidated statements of cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued an accounting update to provide additional guidance on the accounting for costs of implementation activities performed in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract. The amendments align the capitalization requirements for hosting arrangements that are service contracts with the capitalization principles forinternal-use software. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this update on its consolidated financial statements.

Note 3. Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information, and Allowance for Credit Losses

Finance receivables for the periods indicated consisted of the following:


In thousands	September 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Small loans	$	414,441	$	375,772	$	431,214	$	437,662
Large loans		410,811		347,218		498,757		437,998
Automobile loans		32,322		61,423		15,686		26,154
Retail loans		30,502		33,050		27,777		30,429

Finance receivables	$	888,076	$	817,463	$	973,434	$	932,243

The contractual delinquency of the finance receivable portfolio by product and aging for the periods indicated are as follows:


	September 30, 2018																									June 30, 2019
	Small					Large					Automobile					Retail					Total					Small					Large					Automobile					Retail					Total
In thousands	$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%
Current	$	331,196		80.0	%	$	348,320		84.8	%	$	23,086		71.4	%	$	23,401		76.8	%	$	726,003		81.8	%	$	347,335		80.6	%	$	425,496		85.3	%	$	11,168		71.2	%	$	21,216		76.3	%	$	805,215		82.7	%
1 to 29 days past due		48,664		11.7	%		39,085		9.5	%		6,550		20.3	%		4,709		15.4	%		99,008		11.1	%		50,603		11.7	%		47,814		9.6	%		3,224		20.6	%		4,376		15.8	%		106,017		10.9	%

Delinquent accounts
30 to 59 days		11,924		2.8	%		8,451		2.0	%		1,030		3.2	%		810		2.6	%		22,215		2.5	%		11,270		2.5	%		9,424		1.8	%		565		3.5	%		823		3.0	%		22,082		2.3	%
60 to 89 days		8,622		2.1	%		5,690		1.4	%		522		1.6	%		526		1.7	%		15,360		1.7	%		7,430		1.7	%		5,781		1.2	%		279		1.8	%		471		1.7	%		13,961		1.4	%
90 to 119 days		5,767		1.4	%		3,587		0.9	%		434		1.4	%		395		1.4	%		10,183		1.1	%		5,391		1.3	%		4,089		0.9	%		145		1.0	%		337		1.2	%		9,962		1.1	%
120 to 149 days		4,499		1.1	%		3,266		0.8	%		361		1.1	%		350		1.1	%		8,476		1.0	%		4,554		1.1	%		3,105		0.6	%		163		1.0	%		267		1.0	%		8,089		0.8	%
150 to 179 days		3,769		0.9	%		2,412		0.6	%		339		1.0	%		311		1.0	%		6,831		0.8	%		4,631		1.1	%		3,048		0.6	%		142		0.9	%		287		1.0	%		8,108		0.8	%

Total delinquency	$	34,581		8.3	%	$	23,406		5.7	%	$	2,686		8.3	%	$	2,392		7.8	%	$	63,065		7.1	%	$	33,276		7.7	%	$	25,447		5.1	%	$	1,294		8.2	%	$	2,185		7.9	%	$	62,202		6.4	%

Total finance receivables	$	414,441		100.0	%	$	410,811		100.0	%	$	32,322		100.0	%	$	30,502		100.0	%	$	888,076		100.0	%	$	431,214		100.0	%	$	498,757		100.0	%	$	15,686		100.0	%	$	27,777		100.0	%	$	973,434		100.0	%

Finance receivables in nonaccrual status	$	17,789		4.3	%	$	12,578		3.1	%	$	1,718		5.3	%	$	1,210		4.0	%	$	33,295		3.7	%	$	16,168		3.7	%	$	11,849		2.4	%	$	713		4.5	%	$	1,007		3.6	%	$	29,737		3.1	%

   December 31, 2017
   Small Large Automobile Retail Total
In thousands    $    % $    % $    % $    % $    %
Current
   $ 301,114    80.1 % $ 299,467    86.3 % $ 43,140    70.2 % $ 25,730    77.8 % $ 669,451    81.9 %
1 to 29 days past due
   39,412    10.5 % 29,211    8.4 % 13,387    21.8 % 4,523    13.7 % 86,533    10.6 %












Delinquent accounts

30 to 59 days
   9,738    2.6 % 5,949    1.6 % 2,162    3.6 % 879    2.7 % 18,728    2.2 %
60 to 89 days
   8,755    2.3 % 4,757    1.4 % 1,046    1.7 % 739    2.2 % 15,297    1.9 %
90 to 119 days
   6,881    1.9 % 3,286    1.0 % 701    1.1 % 471    1.5 % 11,339    1.4 %
120 to 149 days
   5,284    1.4 % 2,537    0.7 % 636    1.0 % 408    1.2 % 8,865    1.1 %
150 to 179 days
   4,588    1.2 % 2,011    0.6 % 351    0.6 % 300    0.9 % 7,250    0.9 %












Total delinquency
   $ 35,246    9.4 % $ 18,540    5.3 % $ 4,896    8.0 % $ 2,797    8.5 % $ 61,479    7.5 %












Total finance receivables
   $ 375,772    100.0 % $ 347,218    100.0 % $ 61,423    100.0 % $ 33,050    100.0 % $ 817,463    100.0 %












Finance receivables in nonaccrual status
   $ 19,634    5.2 % $ 9,753    2.8 % $ 2,461    4.0 % $ 1,339    4.1 % $ 33,187    4.1 %


	December 31, 2018
	Small					Large					Automobile					Retail					Total
In thousands	$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%			$		%
Current	$	347,053		79.3	%	$	365,950		83.6	%	$	17,767		67.9	%	$	23,392		76.9	%	$	754,162		80.9	%
1 to 29 days past due		49,946		11.4	%		45,234		10.3	%		6,304		24.1	%		4,436		14.6	%		105,920		11.4	%

Delinquent accounts
30 to 59 days		12,168		2.8	%		8,768		2.0	%		751		2.9	%		842		2.7	%		22,529		2.3	%
60 to 89 days		9,555		2.2	%		6,779		1.5	%		421		1.6	%		627		2.1	%		17,382		1.9	%
90 to 119 days		7,202		1.6	%		4,407		1.0	%		241		0.9	%		429		1.4	%		12,279		1.3	%
120 to 149 days		6,266		1.4	%		3,823		0.9	%		434		1.7	%		367		1.2	%		10,890		1.2	%
150 to 179 days		5,472		1.3	%		3,037		0.7	%		236		0.9	%		336		1.1	%		9,081		1.0	%

Total delinquency	$	40,663		9.3	%	$	26,814		6.1	%	$	2,083		8.0	%	$	2,601		8.5	%	$	72,161		7.7	%

Total finance receivables	$	437,662		100.0	%	$	437,998		100.0	%	$	26,154		100.0	%	$	30,429		100.0	%	$	932,243		100.0	%

Finance receivables in nonaccrual status	$	22,549		5.2	%	$	14,379		3.3	%	$	1,359		5.2	%	$	1,276		4.2	%	$	39,563		4.2	%

Changes in the allowance for credit losses for the periods indicated are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
In thousands	2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018
Balance at beginning of period	$	48,450		$	42,000		$	48,910		$	41,250		$	56,400		$	47,750		$	58,300		$	48,910
Provision for credit losses		23,640			20,152			63,358			57,875			25,714			20,203			49,057			39,718
Credit losses		(17,861	)		(16,739	)		(60,547	)		(56,736	)		(26,001	)		(20,666	)		(52,378	)		(42,686	)
Recoveries		1,071			1,987			3,579			5,011			1,087			1,163			2,221			2,508

Balance at end of period	$	55,300		$	47,400		$	55,300		$	47,400		$	57,200		$	48,450		$	57,200		$	48,450

In the third quarter of 2018, three changes occurred that impacted the Company’s estimate of the allowance for credit losses. The changes collectively increased the allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2018 and the provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018, which decreased net income by $0.2 million, or $0.01 diluted earnings per share. The three changes are described in more detail in the paragraphs below.

~~Certain of the Company’s loan origination fees arenon-refundable,~~ ~~and the unearned portion of thosenon-refundable~~ ~~fees reduces the Company’s recorded investment in the related finance receivables(non-refundable~~ ~~fees are included in “Unearned finance charges” on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets). When using unearnednon-refundable~~ fees to estimate an allowance for credit losses, an allowance can be established when the recorded investment in the financial receivables is accreted past the estimated incurred loss amount. Prior to September 30, 2018, the Company properly reduced estimated future net credit losses in its allowance modeling for the reversal of unearned~~non-refundable~~ ~~fees and, accordingly, did not reduce the required allowance by the remaining unearnednon-refundable~~ fees on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. Effective September 30, 2018, the Company changed its estimated future net credit losses in its allowance modeling to exclude the reversal of unearned~~non-refundable~~ ~~fees and, accordingly, reduced the required allowance by the remaining unearnednon-refundable~~ fees on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. This change in estimate had the impact of reducing the allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2018 and the provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 by $6.6 million, which increased net income by $5.0 million, or $0.41 diluted earnings per share.

In September 2018, the Company updated modeling assumptions used in estimating the specific component of the allowance for credit losses related to impaired finance receivables. The Company obtained additional performance data on finance receivables that had been modified under Company loss mitigation policies. Loss mitigation policies were formalized during 2016, and the impacted finance receivables now have more seasoning and predictable performance data. As a result of this change in estimate, the Company increased the allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2018 and the provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 by $2.8 million, which decreased net income by $2.1 million, or $0.17 diluted earnings per share.

Apart from the various optional payment and collateral protection insurance products that the Company offers to customers on certain loans, the Company also collects a fee from customers and, in turn, purchases~~non-file~~ ~~insurance for the Company’s benefit in lieu of recording and perfecting the Company’s security interest in personal property collateral.Non-file~~ insurance protects the Company from credit losses where, following an event of default, the Company is unable to take possession of personal property collateral because the Company’s security interest is not perfected (for example, in certain instances where a customer files for bankruptcy). In such circumstances,~~non-file~~ ~~insurance generally will pay an amount equal to the lesser of the loan balance or the collateral value. Thenon-file~~ insurance product has been operating at a loss, and the Company is implementing a policy change that will reduce the amount of claims filed, which will have the impact of increasing future net credit losses and, in turn, increasing the required allowance for credit losses. As a result of the policy change, the Company increased the allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2018 and the provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 by $4.1 million, which decreased net income by $3.1 million, or $0.25 diluted earnings per share.

~~Separate from the changes noted above, in~~ September 2018, the Company recorded a $3.9 million increase to the allowance for credit losses related to estimated incremental credit losses on customer accounts impacted by a hurricane in the third quarter of 2018. The incremental hurricane allowance resulted in a decrease to net income of $2.9 million, or $0.24 diluted earnings per share, for the three months ended September 30, 2018.

In September 2017, the Company recorded a $3.0 million increase to the allowance for credit losses related to estimated incremental credit losses on customer accounts impacted by hurricanes in the third quarter of 2017. The incremental hurricane allowance resulted in a decrease to net income of $1.9 million, or $0.16 diluted earnings per share, for the three months ended September 30, 2017.hurricanes. As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the allowance for credit losses no longer ~~required~~requires or ~~included~~includes an incremental hurricane ~~allowance related to the 2017 hurricanes.~~allowance.

The following is a reconciliation of the allowance for credit losses by product for the periods indicated:


In thousands	Balance July 1, 2018		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance September 30, 2018		Finance Receivables September 30, 2018		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables September 30, 2018			Balance April 1, 2019		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance June 30, 2019		Finance Receivables June 30, 2019		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables June 30, 2019
Small loans	$	23,969	$	10,768	$	(10,227	)	$	551	$	25,061	$	414,441		6.0	%	$	29,793	$	13,736	$	(14,993	)	$	598	$	29,134	$	431,214		6.8	%
Large loans		19,698		11,308		(6,027	)		328		25,307		410,811		6.2	%		23,217		10,989		(9,550	)		398		25,054		498,757		5.0	%
Automobile loans		2,642		631		(870	)		162		2,565		32,322		7.9	%		1,470		131		(566	)		58		1,093		15,686		7.0	%
Retail loans		2,141		933		(737	)		30		2,367		30,502		7.8	%		1,920		858		(892	)		33		1,919		27,777		6.9	%

Total	$	48,450	$	23,640	$	(17,861	)	$	1,071	$	55,300	$	888,076		6.2	%	$	56,400	$	25,714	$	(26,001	)	$	1,087	$	57,200	$	973,434		5.9	%


In thousands	Balance July 1, 2017		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance September 30, 2017		Finance Receivables September 30, 2017		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables September 30, 2017			Balance April 1, 2018		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance June 30, 2018		Finance Receivables June 30, 2018		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables June 30, 2018
Small loans	$	20,910	$	10,364	$	(9,570	)	$	1,255	$	22,959	$	363,262		6.3	%	$	23,366	$	12,720	$	(12,782	)	$	665	$	23,969	$	384,690		6.2	%
Large loans		14,000		8,035		(5,068	)		350		17,317		308,642		5.6	%		18,589		6,784		(6,002	)		327		19,698		392,101		5.0	%
Automobile loans		5,210		805		(1,511	)		308		4,812		71,666		6.7	%		3,316		64		(873	)		135		2,642		39,414		6.7	%
Retail loans		1,880		948		(590	)		74		2,312		31,286		7.4	%		2,479		635		(1,009	)		36		2,141		31,033		6.9	%

Total	$	42,000	$	20,152	$	(16,739	)	$	1,987	$	47,400	$	774,856		6.1	%	$	47,750	$	20,203	$	(20,666	)	$	1,163	$	48,450	$	847,238		5.7	%


In thousands	Balance January 1, 2018		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance September 30, 2018		Finance Receivables September 30, 2018		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables September 30, 2018			Balance January 1, 2019		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance June 30, 2019		Finance Receivables June 30, 2019		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables June 30, 2019
Small loans	$	24,749	$	34,771	$	(36,383	)	$	1,924	$	25,061	$	414,441		6.0	%	$	30,759	$	27,691	$	(30,481	)	$	1,165	$	29,134	$	431,214		6.8	%
Large loans		17,548		24,971		(18,225	)		1,013		25,307		410,811		6.2	%		23,702		19,440		(18,887	)		799		25,054		498,757		5.0	%
Automobile loans		4,025		1,216		(3,210	)		534		2,565		32,322		7.9	%		1,893		240		(1,218	)		178		1,093		15,686		7.0	%
Retail loans		2,588		2,400		(2,729	)		108		2,367		30,502		7.8	%		1,946		1,686		(1,792	)		79		1,919		27,777		6.9	%

Total	$	48,910	$	63,358	$	(60,547	)	$	3,579	$	55,300	$	888,076		6.2	%	$	58,300	$	49,057	$	(52,378	)	$	2,221	$	57,200	$	973,434		5.9	%


In thousands	Balance January 1, 2017		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance September 30, 2017		Finance Receivables September 30, 2017		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables September 30, 2017			Balance January 1, 2018		Provision		Credit Losses			Recoveries		Balance June 30, 2018		Finance Receivables June 30, 2018		Allowance as Percentage of Finance Receivables June 30, 2018
Small loans	$	21,770	$	32,608	$	(34,313	)	$	2,894	$	22,959	$	363,262		6.3	%	$	24,749	$	24,003	$	(26,156	)	$	1,373	$	23,969	$	384,690		6.2	%
Large loans		11,460		19,762		(14,720	)		815		17,317		308,642		5.6	%		17,548		13,663		(12,198	)		685		19,698		392,101		5.0	%
Automobile loans		5,910		3,369		(5,568	)		1,101		4,812		71,666		6.7	%		4,025		585		(2,340	)		372		2,642		39,414		6.7	%
Retail loans		2,110		2,136		(2,135	)		201		2,312		31,286		7.4	%		2,588		1,467		(1,992	)		78		2,141		31,033		6.9	%

Total	$	41,250	$	57,875	$	(56,736	)	$	5,011	$	47,400	$	774,856		6.1	%	$	48,910	$	39,718	$	(42,686	)	$	2,508	$	48,450	$	847,238		5.7	%

Impaired finance receivables as a percentage of total finance receivables were ~~2.4%~~3.0% and ~~2.1%~~2.9% as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. The following is a summary of finance receivables evaluated for impairment for the periods indicated:

   September 30, 2018
In thousands    Small    Large    Automobile    Retail    Total
Impaired receivables specifically evaluated
   $ 6,840    $ 13,438    $ 1,256    $ 129    $ 21,663
Finance receivables evaluated collectively
   407,601    397,373    31,066    30,373    866,413










Finance receivables outstanding
   $ 414,441    $ 410,811    $ 32,322    $ 30,502    $ 888,076










Impaired receivables in nonaccrual status
   $ 1,083    $ 1,824    $ 251    $ 53    $ 3,211










Amount of the specific reserve for impaired accounts
   $ 3,102    $ 4,662    $ 603    $ 62    $ 8,429










Amount of the general component of the allowance
   $ 21,959    $ 20,645    $ 1,962    $ 2,305    $ 46,871


	June 30, 2019
In thousands	Small		Large		Automobile		Retail		Total
Impaired receivables specifically evaluated	$	9,839	$	18,849	$	799	$	133	$	29,620
Finance receivables evaluated collectively		421,375		479,908		14,887		27,644		943,814

Finance receivables outstanding	$	431,214	$	498,757	$	15,686	$	27,777	$	973,434

Impaired receivables in nonaccrual status	$	1,073	$	2,187	$	152	$	44	$	3,456

Amount of the specific reserve for impaired accounts	$	4,135	$	7,089	$	380	$	72	$	11,676

Amount of the general component of the allowance	$	24,999	$	17,965	$	713	$	1,847	$	45,524


	December 31, 2017										December 31, 2018
In thousands	Small		Large		Automobile		Retail		Total		Small		Large		Automobile		Retail		Total
Impaired receivables specifically evaluated	$	5,094	$	10,303	$	1,724	$	109	$	17,230	$	8,361	$	17,196	$	918	$	110	$	26,585
Finance receivables evaluated collectively		370,678		336,915		59,699		32,941		800,233		429,301		420,802		25,236		30,319		905,658

Finance receivables outstanding	$	375,772	$	347,218	$	61,423	$	33,050	$	817,463	$	437,662	$	437,998	$	26,154	$	30,429	$	932,243

Impaired receivables in nonaccrual status	$	719	$	1,117	$	185	$	28	$	2,049	$	1,209	$	2,292	$	178	$	37	$	3,716

Amount of the specific reserve for impaired accounts	$	1,190	$	2,183	$	373	$	20	$	3,766	$	3,791	$	6,860	$	492	$	61	$	11,204

Amount of the general component of the allowance	$	23,559	$	15,365	$	3,652	$	2,568	$	45,144	$	26,968	$	16,842	$	1,401	$	1,885	$	47,096

The average recorded investment in impaired finance receivables and the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans for the periods indicated are as follows:

   Three Months Ended September 30,
   2018    2017 (1)
In thousands    Average
Recorded
Investment    Interest
Income
Recognized    Average
Recorded
Investment
Small loans
   $ 6,785    $ 234    $ 4,190
Large loans
   13,193    340    8,414
Automobile loans
   1,315    3    1,896
Retail loans
   122    1    114






Total
   $ 21,415    $ 578    $ 14,614

   Nine Months Ended September 30,
   2018    2017 (1)
In thousands    Average
Recorded
Investment    Interest
Income
Recognized    Average
Recorded
Investment
Small loans
   $ 6,193    $ 733    $ 3,629
Large loans
   12,207    1,094    7,747
Automobile loans
   1,496    55    2,157
Retail loans
   108    6    107






Total
   $ 20,004    $ 1,888    $ 13,640

~~(1)~~

~~It was not practical to compute the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans prior to fiscal year 2018.~~


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018
In thousands	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Small loans	$	9,813	$	437	$	6,272	$	248
Large loans		18,584		667		12,318		383
Automobile loans		803		9		1,512		11
Retail loans		134		1		105		1

Total	$	29,334	$	1,114	$	20,207	$	643


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019				2018
In thousands	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized
Small loans	$	9,336	$	684	$	5,868	$	499
Large loans		18,011		1,081		11,693		754
Automobile loans		829		17		1,589		52
Retail loans		127		1		101		5

Total	$	28,303	$	1,783	$	19,251	$	1,310

Note 4. ~~Interest Rate Caps~~Leases

The Company adopted a new lease accounting standard in January 2019. See Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” for an overview of the transition to this standard.

The Company maintains lease agreements related to its branch network and for its corporate headquarters. The branch lease agreements range from five to seven years and generally contain options to extend from three to five years. The corporate headquarters lease agreement is for eleven years and contains an option to extend for ten years. All of the Company’s lease agreements are considered operating leases. None of the Company’s lease payments are dependent on a rate or index that may change after the commencement date, other than the passage of time.

The Company’s lease liability was $27.5 million as of June 30, 2019. This liability is based on the present value of the remaining minimum rental payments using a discount rate that is determined based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate on its senior revolving credit facility. The lease asset was $25.6 million as of June 30, 2019. This asset includesright-of-use assets equaling the lease liability, net of prepaid rent and deferred rents that existed as of the adoption of the new lease standard.

The Company has ~~purchased interest rate cap~~made several policy elections related to lease assets and liabilities. The Company elected to utilize the package of transition practical expedients, which includes not reassessing the following at adoption: (i) whether existing contracts contained leases, (ii) the existing classification of leases as operating or financing, or (iii) the initial direct costs of leases. In addition, the Company did not use hindsight to determine the lease term or include options to extend for leases existing at the transition date.

Lease agreements with ~~an aggregate notional principal amount~~terms of ~~$400.0 million. Each~~twelve months or less are not capitalized as part of lease assets or liabilities and are expensed as incurred. The Company has elected to account for each separate lease component of a contract ~~contains~~and its associatednon-lease components as a ~~strike rate against~~single lease component for its branch leases. The Company has elected not to apply this policy in relation to the~~one-month~~ ~~LIBOR (2.26%~~ corporate headquarters lease. The Company has also determined that it is reasonably certain that the first option to extend lease contracts will be exercised for new branch locations; therefore, the first option to extend is included in the lease asset and ~~1.56% as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively). The interest rate caps have~~liability calculation.

Future maturities of March 2019 ($50.0 million with 2.50% strike rate), April 2020 ($100.0 million with 3.25% strike rate), June 2020 ($50.0 million with 2.50% strike rate), and April 2021 ($200.0 million with 3.50% strike rate). When the~~one-month~~ ~~LIBOR exceeds~~ the ~~strike rate,~~Company’s operating lease liabilities are as follows:


In thousands	June 30, 2019
2019 (remaining six months)	$	3,015
2020		7,224
2021		5,901
2022		4,607
2023		4,011
Thereafter		7,262

Total future minimum lease payments		32,020
Present value adjustment		(4,566	)

Operating lease liability	$	27,454

The following table present the ~~counterparty reimburses the Company~~Company’s lease expense for the ~~excess over the strike rate. No payment is required by the Company or the counterparty when theone-month~~ ~~LIBOR is below the strike rate. The following is a summary of changes in the rate caps:~~periods indicated:

   Three Months Ended
September 30,    Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
In thousands    2018    2017    2018    2017
Balance at beginning of period
   $ 718    $ 113    $ 98    $ 62
Purchases
   —      —      481    100
Fair value adjustment included in interest expense
   (5 )    (36 )    134    (85 )








Balance at end of period, included in other assets
   $ 713    $ 77    $ 713    $ 77


In thousands	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019		Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Operating leases	$	1,936	$	3,868
Short-term leases		86		167

Total lease expense	$	2,022	$	4,035

Supplemental cash flow andnon-cash information related to the Company’s operating leases are presented below:


In thousands	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019		Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Cash paid for operating leases	$	1,695	$	3,433
Lease assets and liabilities acquired (1)	$	2,300	$	6,125

(1)

Excludes $24.1 million of lease assets and liabilities recorded on the transition date.

As of June 30, 2019, the weighted-average remaining lease term and weighted-average discount rate were 5.4 years and 5.54%, respectively.

Note 5. Long-Term Debt

The following is a summary of the Company’s long-term debt as of the periods indicated:


	September 30, 2018							December 31, 2017							June 30, 2019							December 31, 2018
In thousands	Long- Term Debt		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			Net Long- Term Debt		Long- Term Debt		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			Net Long- Term Debt		Long-Term Debt		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			Net Long-Term Debt		Long-Term Debt		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			Net Long-Term Debt
Senior revolving credit facility	$	352,699	$	(1,657	)	$	351,042	$	452,050	$	(2,162	)	$	449,888	$	345,590	$	(1,413	)	$	344,177	$	328,074	$	(1,604	)	$	326,470
Amortizing loan		26,674		(264	)		26,410		53,380		(547	)		52,833		12,251		(113	)		12,138		21,642		(201	)		21,441
Revolving warehouse credit facility		81,974		(2,124	)		79,850		66,066		(2,241	)		63,825		50,874		(1,474	)		49,400		30,126		(1,899	)		28,227
RMIT2018-1 securitization		150,246		(3,171	)		147,075		—		—			—		150,246		(2,203	)		148,043		150,246		(2,849	)		147,397
RMIT2018-2 securitization																130,349		(2,154	)		128,195		130,419		(2,605	)		127,814

Total	$	611,593	$	(7,216	)	$	604,377	$	571,496	$	(4,950	)	$	566,546	$	689,310	$	(7,357	)	$	681,953	$	660,507	$	(9,158	)	$	651,349

Unused amount of revolving credit facilities (subject to borrowing base)	$	328,327						$	244,884						$	368,456						$	406,600

Senior Revolving Credit Facility: In June 2017, the Company amended and restated its senior revolving credit facility to, among other things, increase the availability under the facility from $585 million to $638 million and extend the maturity of the facility from August 2019 to June 2020. The facility has an accordion provision that allows for the expansion of the facility to $700 million. Excluding the receivables held by the Company’s VIEs, the senior revolving credit facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s finance receivables and equity interests of the majority of its subsidiaries. Advances on the senior revolving credit facility are capped at 85% of eligible secured finance receivables, plus 70% of eligible unsecured finance receivables. These advance rates are subject to adjustment at certain credit quality levels ~~(83%~~(81% of eligible secured finance receivables and ~~68%~~66% of eligible unsecured finance receivables as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018)~~2019). As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company had ~~$76.5~~$67.7 million of eligible borrowing capacity under the facility. Borrowings under the facility bear interest, payable monthly, at rates equal to LIBOR of a maturity the Company elects between one and six months, with a LIBOR floor of 1.00%, plus a 3.00% margin, increasing to 3.25% when the availability percentage is below 10%. Theone-month LIBOR rate was ~~2.26%~~2.40% and ~~1.56%~~2.50% at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. Alternatively, the Company may pay interest at the prime rate, plus a 2.00% margin, increasing to 2.25% when the availability percentage is below 10%. The prime rate was ~~5.25% and 4.50%~~5.50% at ~~September~~both June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017, respectively.~~2018. The Company pays an unused line fee of 0.50% per annum, payable monthly. This fee decreases to 0.375% when the average outstanding balance exceeds $413.0 million.

Variable Interest Entity Debt:As part of its overall funding strategy, the Company has transferred certain finance receivables to VIEs for asset-backed financing transactions, including securitizations. The following debt arrangements are issued by the Company’s SPEs, which are considered VIEs under GAAP and are consolidated into the financial statements of their primary beneficiary. The Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary because it has (i) power over the significant activities through its role as servicer of the finance receivables under each debt arrangement and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns that could be significant through the Company’s interest in the monthly residual cash flows of the SPEs after each debt is paid.

These long-term debts are supported by the expected cash flows from the underlying collateralized finance receivables. Collections on these finance receivables are remitted to restricted cash collection accounts, which totaled ~~$18.4~~$29.3 million and ~~$8.6~~$33.5 million as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. Cash inflows from the finance receivables are distributed to the lenders/investors, the service providers, and/or the residual interest that the Company owns in accordance with a monthly contractual priority of payments. The SPEs pay a servicing fee to the Company, which is eliminated in consolidation. Distributions from the SPEs to the Company are permitted under the debt arrangements.

At each sale of receivables from the Company’s affiliates to the SPEs, the Company makes certain representations and warranties about the quality and nature of the collateralized receivables. The debt arrangements require the Company to repurchase the receivables in certain circumstances, including circumstances in which the representations and warranties made by the Company concerning the quality and characteristics of the receivables are inaccurate. Assets transferred to each SPE are legally isolated from the Company and its affiliates, as well as the claims of the Company’s and its affiliates’ creditors. Further, the assets of each SPE are owned by such SPE and are not available to satisfy the debts or other obligations of the Company or any of its affiliates.

Amortizing Loan:In November 2017, the Company and its wholly-owned SPE, Regional Management Receivables, LLC (“RMR I”), amended and restated the December 2015 credit agreement that provided for a $75.7 million asset-backed, amortizing loan. The amended and restated credit agreement provided for an additional advance in the amount of $37.8 million and extended the maturity date to December 2024. The debt is secured by finance receivables and other related assets that the Company purchased from its affiliates, which the Company then sold and transferred to RMR I. Advances on ~~this debt~~the loan were capped at ~~a rate~~88% of ~~88%.~~eligible finance receivables. RMR I held $1.3 million in restricted cash reserves as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 to satisfy provisions of the credit agreement. Borrowings previously bore interest, payable monthly, at a rate of 3.00%. In February 2018, the ~~Company agreed to lower the~~ advance rate lowered to 85% and ~~increase~~ the interest rate increased to 3.25%. The credit agreement allows the Company to prepay the loan when the outstanding balance falls below 20% of the original loan amount.

Revolving Warehouse Credit Facility: In August 2018, the Company and its wholly-owned SPE, Regional Management Receivables II, LLC (“RMR II”), amended the June 2017 credit agreement that ~~provided~~provides for a $125 million revolving warehouse credit facility to RMR II. The amendment extended the date at which the facility converts to an amortizing loan and the termination date to February 2020 and February 2021, respectively. The facility has an accordion provision that allows for the expansion of the facility to $150 million. The Company elected to expand the facility to $150 million from May 2018 to August 2018. ~~The amendment extended the date at which the facility converts to an amortizing loan and the termination date to February 2020 and February 2021, respectively.~~ The debt is secured by finance receivables and other related assets that the Company purchased from its affiliates, which the Company then sold and transferred to RMR II. Advances on the facility are capped at 80% of eligible finance receivables. RMR II held ~~$1.0~~$0.6 million in restricted cash reserves as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 to satisfy provisions of the credit agreement. Borrowings under the facility previously bore interest, payable monthly, at a blended rate equal to three-month LIBOR, plus a margin of 3.50%. In October 2017 and February 2018, the margin decreased to 3.25% and 3.00%, respectively, following the satisfaction of milestones associated with the Company’s conversion to a new loan origination and servicing system. The August 2018 amendment to the credit agreement further decreased the margin to 2.20%. The three-month LIBOR was ~~2.40%~~2.32% and ~~1.69%~~2.81% at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. RMR II pays an unused commitment fee of between 0.35% and 0.85% based upon the average daily utilization of the facility.

RMIT2018-1 Securitization: In June 2018, the Company, its wholly-owned SPE, Regional Management Receivables III, LLC (“RMR III”), and its indirect wholly-owned SPE, Regional Management Issuance Trust2018-1 (“RMIT2018-1”), completed a private offering and sale of $150 million of asset-backed notes. The transaction consisted of the issuance of three classes of fixed-rate asset-backed notes by RMIT2018-1. The asset-backed notes are secured by finance receivables and other related assets that RMR III purchased from the Company, which RMR III then sold and transferred to RMIT2018-1. The notes have a revolving period ending in June 2020, with a final maturity date in July 2027. ~~The debt is secured by finance receivables that RMIT2018-1~~ ~~purchased from the Company’s affiliates.~~ RMIT2018-1 held $1.7 million in restricted cash reserves as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 to satisfy provisions of the transaction documents. Borrowings under the RMIT2018-1 securitization bear interest, payable monthly, at a ~~weighted average~~weighted-average rate of 3.93%. Prior to maturity in July 2027, the Company may redeem the notes in full, but not in part, at its option on any note payment date on or after the payment date occurring in July 2020. No payments of principal of the notes will be made during the revolving period.

RMIT2018-2 Securitization: In December 2018, the Company, RMR III, and the Company’s indirect wholly-owned SPE, Regional Management Issuance Trust2018-2 (“RMIT2018-2”), completed a private offering and sale of $130 million of asset-backed notes. The transaction consisted of the issuance of four classes of fixed-rate asset-backed notes by RMIT2018-2. The asset-backed notes are secured by finance receivables and other related assets that RMR III purchased from the Company, which RMR III then sold and transferred to RMIT2018-2. The notes have a revolving period ending in December 2020, with a final maturity date in January 2028. RMIT2018-2 held $1.4 million in restricted cash reserves as of June 30, 2019 to satisfy provisions of the transaction documents. Borrowings under the RMIT2018-2 securitization bear interest, payable monthly, at a weighted-average rate of 4.87%. Prior to maturity in January 2028, the Company may redeem the notes in full, but not in part, at its option on any note payment date on or after the payment date occurring in January 2021. No payments of principal of the notes will be made during the revolving period.

The carrying amounts of consolidated VIE assets and liabilities are as follows:


In thousands	September 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Assets
Cash	$	141		$	70		$	167		$	168
Finance receivables		288,401			137,239			356,679			342,481
Allowance for credit losses		(16,087	)		(7,129	)		(17,406	)		(18,378	)
Restricted cash		22,358			10,734			34,268			39,361
Other assets		123			119			129			75

Total assets	$	294,936		$	141,033		$	373,837		$	363,707

Liabilities
Net long-term debt	$	253,335		$	116,658		$	337,776		$	324,879
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		29			53			83			25

Total liabilities	$	253,364		$	116,711		$	337,859		$	324,904

The Company’s debt arrangements are subject to certain covenants, including monthly and annual reporting, maintenance of specified interest coverage and debt ratios, restrictions on distributions, limitations on other indebtedness, maintenance of a minimum allowance for credit losses, and certain other restrictions. At ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company was in compliance with all debt covenants.

Note 6. Stockholders’ Equity

Stock repurchase program: In May 2019, the Company’s Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized a new stock repurchase program allowing for the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, or through other structures in accordance with applicable federal securities laws. The authorization was effective immediately and extends through May 6, 2021. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had repurchased 285 thousand shares of common stock at a total cost of $7.1 million.

Note 6.7. Disclosure About Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:

Cash and restricted cash: Cash and restricted cash is recorded at cost, which approximates fair value due to its generally short maturity and highly liquid nature.

Finance receivables: Finance receivables are originated at prevailing market rates. The Company’s finance receivable portfolio turns approximately 1.2 times per year. The portfolio turnover is calculated by dividing cash payments, renewals, and net credit losses by the average finance receivables. Management believes that the carrying amount approximates the fair value of its finance receivable portfolio.

Interest rate caps: The fair value of the interest rate caps is the estimated amount the Company would receive to terminate the cap agreements at the reporting date, taking into account current interest rates and the creditworthiness of the counterparty.

Repossessed assets: Repossessed assets are valued at the lower of the finance receivable balance prior to repossession or the estimated net realizable value of the repossessed asset. The Company estimates net realizable value using the projected cash value upon liquidation, less costs to sell the related collateral.

Long-term debt: The Company’s long-term debt is frequently renewed, amended, or recently originated. As a result, the Company believes that the fair value of long-term debt approximates carrying amounts. The Company also considered its creditworthiness in its determination of fair value.

The carrying amount and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments summarized by level are as follows:


	September 30, 2018				December 31, 2017				June 30, 2019				December 31, 2018
In thousands	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Assets
Level 1 inputs
Cash	$	517	$	517	$	5,230	$	5,230	$	694	$	694	$	3,657	$	3,657
Restricted cash		29,327		29,327		16,787		16,787		41,803		41,803		46,484		46,484
Level 2 inputs
Interest rate caps		713		713		98		98		6		6		249		249
Level 3 inputs
Net finance receivables		832,776		832,776		768,553		768,553		916,234		916,234		873,943		873,943
Repossessed assets		209		209		431		431		122		122		124		124
Liabilities
Level 3 inputs
Long-term debt		611,593		611,593		571,496		571,496		689,310		689,310		660,507		660,507

Certain of the Company’s assets carried at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:

Level 1 – Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.

In determining the appropriate levels, the Company performs an analysis of the assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value. At each reporting period, all assets and liabilities for which the fair value measurement is based on significant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3.

Note 7.8. Income Taxes

~~Income tax expense differed from the amount computed by applying the federal income tax rate to total income before income taxes as a result of the following:~~

   Three Months Ended September 30,
   2018 2017
In thousands    $    % $    %
Federal tax expense at statutory rate
   $ 2,034    21.0 % $ 2,990    35.0 %
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:

State tax, net of federal benefit
   306    3.2 % 297    3.5 %
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards
   —      0.0 % (37 )    (0.4 )%
Other
   (103 )    (1.1 )% (15 )    (0.2 )%






   $ 2,237    23.1 % $ 3,235    37.9 %
��

   Nine Months Ended September 30,
   2018 2017
In thousands    $    % $    %
Federal tax expense at statutory rate
   $ 6,743    21.0 % $ 9,957    35.0 %
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from:

State tax, net of federal benefit
   1,074    3.3 % 821    2.9 %
Excess tax benefits from share-based awards
   (308 )    (1.0 )% (1,525 )    (5.4 )%
Other
   26    0.2 % 118    0.4 %






   $ 7,535    23.5 % $ 9,371    32.9 %

~~In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) was signed into law.~~ The Tax Act made changes to U.S. tax law, including a reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35.0% to 21.0%. The 14.0% rate decrease for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was partially offset by a decrease in excess tax benefits from share-based awards compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. As a result, the Company’s total effective tax rate decreased 9.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to the prior-year period.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company was required to revalue deferred tax assets and liabilities at the enacted rate as a result of the Tax Act. Due to the timing of the enactment and the complexity involved in applying the provisions of the Tax Act, the Company made reasonable estimates of the effects of the Tax Act and recorded provisional amounts in its consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2017. As the Company collects and prepares necessary data and interprets the Tax Act and any additional guidance issued by the U.S. Treasury Department, the Internal Revenue Service, the SEC, and other standard-setting bodies, it may make adjustments to the provisional amounts. The accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act will be completed in 2018.

~~Pursuant to the adoption of an accounting standard update issued in March 2016 and effective beginning in fiscal year 2017, the~~ Company recognizes ~~the~~ tax benefits or deficiencies from the exercise or vesting of share-based awards in the income tax line of the consolidated statements of income. ~~These~~Income tax expense was $2.7 million and $2.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Included in these amounts are $0.1 million of tax deficiencies and $0.2 million of tax benefits from share-based awards for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and ~~deficiencies were previously recognized within additionalpaid-in-capital~~ on2018, respectively. For the ~~Company’s consolidated balance sheet.~~six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recorded income tax expense of $5.1 million and $5.3 million, respectively. Included in these amounts are tax benefits from share-based awards of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Note 8.9. Earnings Per Share

The following schedule reconciles the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods indicated:

   Three Months Ended
September 30,    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In thousands, except per share amounts    2018    2017    2018    2017
Numerator:

Net income
   $ 7,449    $ 5,309    $ 24,575    $ 19,078








Denominator:

Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share
   11,672    11,563    11,649    11,537
Effect of dilutive securities
   461    249    452    215








Weighted average shares adjusted for dilutive securities
   12,133    11,812    12,101    11,752








Earnings per share:

Basic
   $ 0.64    $ 0.46    $ 2.11    $ 1.65








Diluted
   $ 0.61    $ 0.45    $ 2.03    $ 1.62


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
In thousands, except per share amounts	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income	$	8,369	$	8,482	$	16,477	$	17,126

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share		11,706		11,658		11,709		11,638
Effect of dilutive securities		316		480		340		446

Weighted-average shares adjusted for dilutive securities		12,022		12,138		12,049		12,084

Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.71	$	0.73	$	1.41	$	1.47

Diluted	$	0.70	$	0.70	$	1.37	$	1.42

Options to purchase ~~139~~290 thousand and ~~240~~138 thousand shares of common stock were outstanding during the three and ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017,~~2018, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive.

Note 9.10. Share-Based Compensation

The Company previously adopted the 2007 Management Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”) and the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”). On April 22, 2015, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2015 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”), and on April 27, 2017, the stockholders of the Companyre-approved the 2015 Plan, as amended and restated. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, subject to adjustments as provided in the 2015 Plan, the maximum aggregate number of shares of the Company’s common stock that could be issued under the 2015 Plan could not exceed the sum of (i) ~~1.6~~1.55 million shares plus (ii) any shares (A) remaining available for the grant of awards as of the 2015 Plan effective date (April 22, 2015) under the 2007 Plan or the 2011 Plan, and/or (B) subject to an award granted under the 2007 Plan or the 2011 Plan, which award is forfeited, cancelled, terminated, expires, or lapses without the issuance of shares or pursuant to which such shares are forfeited. As of the effectiveness of the 2015 Plan (April 22, 2015), there were 922 thousand shares available for grant under the 2015 Plan, inclusive of shares previously available for grant under the 2007 Plan and the 2011 Plan that were rolled over to the 2015 Plan. No further grants will be made under the 2007 Plan or the 2011 Plan. However, awards that are outstanding under the 2007 Plan and the 2011 Plan will continue in accordance with their respective terms. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, there were ~~1.1~~0.9 million shares available for grant under the 2015 Plan.

For the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017,~~2018, the Company recorded share-based compensation expense of ~~$1.8~~$1.2 million and ~~$1.2~~$1.3 million, respectively. The Company recorded ~~$5.2~~$2.2 million and ~~$3.3~~$2.5 million in share-based compensation for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, unrecognized share-based compensation expense to be recognized over future periods approximated ~~$8.1~~$7.8 million. This amount will be recognized as expense over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years. Share-based compensation expenses are recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the agreement. All share-based compensation is classified as equity ~~awards except for cash-settled performance units, which are classified as liabilities.~~awards.

The Company allows for the settlement of share-based awards on a net share basis. With net share settlement, the employee does not surrender any cash or shares upon the exercise of stock options or the vesting of stock awards or stock units. Rather, the Company withholds the number of shares with a value equivalent to the option exercise price (for stock options) and the statutory tax withholding (for all share-based awards). Net share settlements have the effect of reducing the number of shares that would have otherwise been issued as a result of exercise or vesting.

Long-term incentive program:The Company issues ~~nonqualified~~non-qualified stock options, performance-contingent restricted stock units (“RSUs”), ~~and~~ cash-settled performance units (“CSPUs”), and restricted stock awards (“RSAs”) to certain members of senior management under a long-term incentive ~~program.~~program (“LTIP”). The CSPUs are cash incentive awards, and the associated expense is not based on the market price of the Company’s common stock. Recurring annual grants are made at the discretion of the ~~Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”).~~Board. The annual grants are subject to cliff- and graded-vesting, generally concluding at the end of the third calendar year and subject to continued employment or as otherwise provided in the underlying award agreements. The actual value of the RSUs and CSPUs that may be earned can range from 0% to 150% of target based on the percentile ranking of the Company’s compound annual growth rate of net income and net income per share compared to a public company peer group over a three-year performance period.

~~In 2016, the~~The Company ~~introduced~~also has a key team member incentive program for certain other members of senior management. Recurring annual participation in the program is at the discretion of the Board and executive management. Each participant in the program is eligible to earn ~~a restricted stock award,~~an RSA, subject to performance over aone-year period. Payout under the program can range from 0% to 150% of target based on the achievement of five Company performance metrics and individual performance goals (subject to continued employment and certain other terms and conditions of the program). If earned, the ~~restricted stock award~~RSA is issued following theone-year performance period and vests ratably over a subsequenttwo-year period (subject to continued employment or as otherwise provided in the underlying award agreement).

Inducement and retention program: From time to time, the Company issues ~~share-based~~stock awards and other long-term incentive awards in conjunction with employment offers to select new employees and retention grants to select existing employees. The Company issues these awards to attract and retain talent and to provide market competitive compensation. The grants have various vesting terms, including fully-vested awards at the grant date, cliff-vesting, and graded-vesting over periods of up to five years (subject to continued employment or as otherwise provided in the underlying award agreements).

Non-employee director compensation program:~~In 2016, the~~The Company ~~awarded~~awards itsnon-employee directors a cash retainer ~~committee meeting fees,~~and shares of restricted common ~~stock, and nonqualified stock options.~~stock. The Board revised the compensation program in April 2017 to provide that the value of each director’s equity-based award be allocated solely to restricted stock, rather than split evenly between restricted stock and nonqualified stock options. The restricted stock awardsRSAs are granted on the fifth business day following the Company’s annual meeting of stockholders and fully vest upon the earlier of the first anniversary of the grant date or the completion of the directors’ annual service to the Company. ~~In 2016,~~The Board revised the ~~nonqualified stock option awards were granted on~~compensation program in April 2018 to modify the ~~fifth business day following~~amount of the ~~Company’s~~ annual cash retainers for Board and committee members, eliminate committee meeting fees, and modify the value of ~~stockholders and were immediately vested on~~ the ~~grant date.~~RSAs for committee members.

The following are the terms and amounts of the awards issued under the Company’s share-based incentive programs:

~~Nonqualified~~Non-qualified stock options: The exercise price of all stock options is equal to the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant. Stock options are subject to various vesting terms, including graded- and cliff-vesting over periods of up to five years. In addition, stock options vest and become exercisable in full or in part under certain circumstances, including following the occurrence of a change of control (as defined in the option award agreements). Participants who are awarded options must exercise their options within a maximum of ten years of the grant date.

The fair value of option grants is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions for option grants during the periods indicated below:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2019			2018
Expected volatility		41.63	%		43.95	%		41.14	%		41.63	%
Expected dividends		0.00	%		0.00	%		0.00	%		0.00	%
Expected term (in years)		5.99			5.96			6.0			6.0
Risk-free rate		2.66	%		2.09	%		2.55	%		2.66	%

Expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical stock price volatility. The expected term is calculated by using the simplified method (average of the vesting and original contractual terms) due to insufficient historical data to estimate the expected term. The risk-free rate is based on the zero coupon U.S. Treasury bond rate over the expected term of the awards.

The following table summarizes the stock option activity for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018:~~2019:


In thousands, except per share amounts	Number of Shares			Weighted- Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value		Number of Shares		Weighted-Average Exercise Price Per Share		Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding at January 1, 2018		958		$	17.39
Options outstanding at January 1, 2019											981	$	18.69
Granted		112			28.25						100		27.89
Exercised		(89	)		16.62						—		—
Forfeited		—			—						—		—
Expired		—			—						—		—

Options outstanding at September 30, 2018		981		$	18.69		6.9	$	10,073
Options outstanding at June 30, 2019											1,081	$	19.55		6.4	$	7,936

Options exercisable at September 30, 2018		703		$	17.03		6.2	$	8,398
Options exercisable at June 30, 2019											871	$	17.83		5.8	$	7,715

The following table provides additional ~~stock option~~NQSO information for the periods indicated:

   Three Months Ended
September 30,    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In thousands, except per share amounts    2018    2017    2018    2017
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share
   $ —      $ —      $ 12.39    $ 8.90
Intrinsic value of options exercised
   $ —      $ 143    $ 1,604    $ 4,945
Fair value of stock options that vested
   $ —      $ —      $ 199    $ 559


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
In thousands, except per share amounts	2019		2018		2019		2018
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$	—	$	—	$	12.07	$	12.39
Intrinsic value of options exercised	$	—	$	574	$	—	$	1,604
Fair value of NQSOs that vested	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	199

Performance-contingent restricted stock units:Compensation expense for RSUs is based on the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant and the probability that certain financial goals ~~are~~will be achieved over the performance period. Compensation ~~cost~~expense is estimated based on expected performance and is adjusted at each reporting period.

The following table summarizes RSU activity during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018:~~2019:


In thousands, except per unit amounts	Units			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Unit		Units			Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Unit
Non-vested units at January 1, 2018		201		$	17.33
Granted		59			28.25
Non-vested units at January 1, 2019							182		$	21.89
Granted (target)							39			27.89
Achieved performance adjustment (1)							8			16.98
Vested		—			—		(54	)		16.98
Forfeited		(78	)		14.92		—			—

Non-vested units at September 30, 2018		182		$	21.89
Non-vested units at June 30, 2019							175		$	24.55

(1)	The 2016 LTIP RSUs were earned and vested at 116.5% of target, as described in greater detail in the Company’s definitive proxy statement filed with the SEC on March 27, 2019.

The following table provides additional RSU information for the periods indicated:

   Three Months Ended
September 30,    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
   2018    2017    2018    2017
Weighted-average grant date fair value per unit
   $ —      $ —      $ 28.25    $ 19.99

~~Cash-settled performance units:~~ CSPUs will be settled in cash at the end of the performance measurement period and are classified as a liability. The value of CSPUs bears no relationship to the value of the Company’s common stock. Compensation cost is estimated based on expected performance and is adjusted at each reporting period.
   Three Months Ended
June 30,    Six Months Ended
June 30,
In thousands, except per unit amounts    2019    2018    2019    2018
Weighted-average grant date fair value per unit
   $ —      $ —      $ 27.89    $ 28.25
Fair value of RSUs that vested
   $ —      $ —      $ 916    $ —

~~The following table summarizes CSPU activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2018:~~

In thousands, except per unit amounts    Units    Weighted-
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Per Unit
Non-vested units at January 1, 2018
   3,484    $ 1.00
Granted
   1,660    1.00
Vested
   —      —
Forfeited
   (1,162 )    1.00




Non-vested units at September 30, 2018
   3,982    $ 1.00

Restricted stock awards:The fair value and compensation ~~cost~~expense of ~~restricted stock is~~RSAs are calculated using the Company’s closing stock price on the date of grant.

The following table summarizes ~~restricted stock~~RSA activity during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018:~~2019:


In thousands, except per share amounts	Shares			Weighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share		Shares			Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Non-vested shares at January 1, 2018		53		$	19.36
Non-vested shares at January 1, 2019							71		$	26.95
Granted		100			24.95		138			26.92
Vested		(34	)		21.09		(28	)		32.36
Forfeited		—			—		(2	)		27.22

Non-vested shares at September 30, 2018		119		$	23.56
Non-vested shares at June 30, 2019							179		$	26.06

The following table provides additional ~~restricted stock information:~~RSA information for the periods indicated:

   Three Months Ended
September 30,    Nine Months Ended
September 30,
In thousands, except per share amounts    2018    2017    2018    2017
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share
   $ 35.56    $ —      $ 24.95    $ 18.38
Fair value of restricted stock awards that vested
   $ —      $ 252    $ 711    $ 642


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
In thousands, except per share amounts	2019		2018		2019		2018
Weighted-average grant date fair value per share	$	24.66	$	34.39	$	26.92	$	24.70
Fair value of RSAs that vested	$	810	$	651	$	918	$	711

Note ~~10.~~11. Commitments and Contingencies

In the normal course of business, the Company has been named as a defendant in legal actions in connection with its activities. Some of the actual or threatened legal actions include claims for compensatory damages or claims for indeterminate amounts of damages. The Company contests liability and the amount of damages, as appropriate, in each pending matter.

Where available information indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the Company can reasonably estimate the amount of that loss, the Company accrues the estimated loss by a charge to net income.

However, in many legal actions, it is inherently difficult to determine whether any loss is probable, or even reasonably possible, or to estimate the amount of loss. This is particularly true for actions that are in their early stages of development or where plaintiffs seek indeterminate damages. In addition, even where a loss is reasonably possible or an exposure to loss exists in excess of the liability already accrued, it is not always possible to reasonably estimate the size of the possible loss or range of loss. Before a loss, additional loss, range of loss, or range of additional loss can be reasonably estimated for any given action, numerous issues may need to be resolved, including through lengthy discovery, following determination of important factual matters, and/or by addressing novel or unsettled legal questions.

For certain other legal actions, the Company can estimate reasonably possible losses, additional losses, ranges of loss, or ranges of additional loss in excess of amounts accrued, but the Company does not believe, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that such losses will have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements.

While the Company will continue to identify legal actions where it believes a material loss to be reasonably possible and reasonably estimable, there can be no assurance that material losses will not be incurred from claims that the Company has not yet been notified of or are not yet determined to be probable, or reasonably possible and reasonable to estimate.

The Company expenses legal costs as they are incurred.

ITEM 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF ~~OPERATIONS.~~OPERATIONS.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q. These discussions contain forward-looking statements that reflect our current expectations and that include, but are not limited to, statements concerning our ~~strategy,~~strategies, future operations, future financial position, future revenues, projected costs, expectations regarding demand and acceptance for our financial products, growth opportunities and trends in the market in which we operate, prospects, and plans and objectives of management. The words “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “predicts,” “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “potential,” “continue,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, events, and/or ~~events~~performance to differ materially from the plans, intentions, and expectations disclosed in the forward-looking statements. Such risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, the risks set forth in our filings with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2017~~2018 (which was filed with the SEC on ~~February 23, 2018)~~March 8, 2019), our Quarterly Report on Form10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018~~2019 (which was filed ~~with the SEC~~ on May ~~1, 2018), our Quarterly Report on Form10-Q~~ ~~for the quarter ended June 30, 2018 (which was filed with the SEC on August 6, 2018)~~8, 2019), and this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q. The forward-looking information we have provided in this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q pursuant to the safe harbor established under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 should be evaluated in the context of these factors. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise such statements, except as required by the federal securities laws.

Overview

We are a diversified consumer finance company ~~providing a broad array of~~that provides installment loan products primarily to customers with limited access to consumer credit from banks, thrifts, credit card companies, and other ~~traditional~~ lenders. We ~~began operations~~operate under the name “Regional Finance” in ~~1987 with four branches in South Carolina and have expanded our~~356 branch ~~network to 346~~ locations across 11 states in the ~~states of Alabama, Georgia, Missouri, New Mexico, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas,~~Southeastern, Southwestern,Mid-Atlantic, and ~~Virginia~~Midwestern United States, serving 404,900 active accounts, as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. Most of our loan products are secured, and each is structured on a fixed rate, fixed term basis with fully amortizing equal monthly installment payments, ~~prepayable~~repayable at any time without penalty. Our loans are sourced through our multiple channel platform, which includes our branches, centrally-managed direct mail campaigns, ~~retailers,~~ digital partners, retailers, and our consumer website. We operate an integrated branch model in which nearly all loans, regardless of origination channel, are serviced through our branch ~~network, providing~~network. This provides us with frequentin-person contact with our customers, which we believe improves our credit performance and customer loyalty. Our goal is to consistently ~~and soundly~~ grow our finance receivables and to soundly manage our loan portfolio risk, while providing our customers with attractive andeasy-to-understand loan products that serve their varied financial needs.

Our ~~diversified~~ products ~~include:~~include small, large, and retail installment loans:

•

Small Loans (£$2,500) – As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, we had ~~268.9~~272.0 thousand small installment loans outstanding, representing ~~$414.4~~$431.2 million in finance receivables. This included ~~97.2~~106.5 thousand small loan convenience checks, representing ~~$134.9~~$158.9 million in finance receivables.

•

Large Loans (>$2,500) – As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, we had ~~94.9~~111.1 thousand large installment loans outstanding, representing ~~$410.8~~$498.8 million in finance receivables. This included ~~2.9~~3.8 thousand large loan convenience checks, representing ~~$8.6~~$11.1 million in finance receivables.

•

~~Automobile Loans~~ – As of September 30, 2018, we had 4.4 thousand automobile purchase loans outstanding, representing $32.3 million in finance receivables. This included 2.6 thousand indirect automobile loans and 1.8 thousand direct automobile loans, representing $21.4 million and $11.0 million in finance receivables, respectively.

•

Retail Loans – As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, we had ~~21.5~~19.4 thousand retail purchase loans outstanding, representing ~~$30.5~~$27.8 million in finance receivables.

•

OptionalInsurance Products – We offer optional payment and collateral protection insurance to our direct loan customers.

Small and large installment loans are our core loan products and will be the drivers of our future growth. We ceased originating automobile purchase loans in November 2017 to focus on growing our core loan portfolio, ~~though~~but we ~~will~~ continue to own and service ~~our current~~the automobile ~~loans.~~loans that we previously originated. As of June 30, 2019, we had 2.4 thousand automobile loans outstanding, representing $15.7 million in finance receivables. Our primary sources of revenue are interest and fee income from our loan products, of which interest and fees relating to small and large installment loans are the largest component. In addition to interest and fee income from loans, we derive revenue from optional insurance products purchased by customers of our direct loan products.

Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations

Our business is driven by several factors affecting our revenues, costs, and results of operations, including the following:

Quarterly Information and Seasonality.Our loan volume and contractual delinquency follow seasonal trends. Demand for our small and large loans is typically highest during the second, third, and fourth quarters, which we believe is largely due to customers borrowing money for vacation,back-to-school, and holiday spending. ~~With the exception of retail loans, loan~~Loan demand has generally been the lowest during the first quarter, which we believe is largely due to the timing of income tax refunds. Delinquencies generally reach their lowest point in the first ~~quarter~~half of the year and rise ~~throughout~~in the ~~remainder~~second half of the ~~fiscal~~ year. Consequently, we experience seasonal fluctuations in our operating results and cash needs.

Growth in Loan Portfolio. The revenue that we derive from interest and fees is largely driven by the balance of loans that we originate and purchase. Average finance receivables grew ~~13.2%~~14.7% from ~~$657.4 million in 2016 to~~ $744.2 million in ~~2017.~~2017 to $853.8 million in 2018. Average finance receivables grew ~~14.9%~~13.9% from ~~$726.2~~$816.2 million in the first ~~nine~~six months of ~~2017~~2018 to ~~$834.0~~$929.7 million in the first ~~nine~~six months of ~~2018.~~2019. We source our loans through our branches, direct mail program, retail partners, digital partners, and ~~our~~ consumer website. Our loans are made almost exclusively in geographic markets served by our network of branches. Increasing the number of loans per branch and the number of branches we operate allows us to increase the number of loans that we are able to service. We opened ~~four~~one new branch and ~~five net~~consolidated three branches during the first six months of 2018. We opened two new branches inand consolidated five branches during the first ~~nine~~six months of ~~2018 and 2017, respectively.~~2019. We believe that we have the opportunity to add as many as 700 additional branches in states where it is currently favorable for us to conduct business, and we have plans to continue to grow our branch network.

Product Mix. We are exposed to different credit risks and charge different interest rates and fees with respect to the various types of loans we offer. Our product mix also varies to some extent by state, and we may further diversify our product mix in the future. The interest rates and fees vary from state to state, depending ~~upon~~on the competitive environment and relevant laws and regulations.

Asset Quality and Allowance for Credit Losses. Our results of operations are highly dependent upon the credit quality of our loan portfolio. The credit quality of our loan portfolio is the result of our ability to enforce sound underwriting standards, maintain diligent servicing of the portfolio, and respond to changing economic conditions as we grow our loan portfolio. The allowance for credit losses calculation uses the current delinquency profile and historical delinquency roll rates as key data points in estimating the allowance. We believe that the primary underlying factors driving the provision for credit losses for each loan type are our underwriting standards, the general economic conditions in the areas in which we conduct business, loan portfolio growth, and the effectiveness of our collection efforts. In addition, the market for repossessed automobiles at auction is another underlying factor that we believe influences the provision for credit losses for automobile purchase loans and, to a lesser extent, large loans. We monitor these factors, and the amount and past due status of ~~delinquencies for~~ all loans one or more days past due, to identify trends that might require us to modify the allowance for credit losses.

Interest Rates. Our costs of funds are affected by changes in interest rates, as the interest rates that we pay on certain of our credit facilities are variable. As a component of our strategy to manage the interest rate risk associated with future interest payments on our variable-rate debt, we have purchased interest rate cap contracts. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, we held ~~four~~three interest rate cap contracts with an aggregate notional principal amount of ~~$400.0~~$350.0 million. The interest rate caps have maturities of ~~March 2019 ($50.0 million, 2.50% strike rate),~~ April 2020 ($100.0 million, 3.25% strike rate), June 2020 ($50.0 million, 2.50% strike rate), and April 2021 ($200.0 million, 3.50% strike rate). As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, theone-month LIBOR was ~~2.26%~~2.40%. When theone-month LIBOR exceeds the strike rate, the counterparty reimburses us for the excess over the strike rate. No payment is required by us or the counterparty when theone-month LIBOR is below the strike rate. In addition, the interest rate on a portion of our long-term debt (the amortizing loan, ~~and the~~ RMIT2018-1 ~~securitization)~~securitization, and RMIT2018-2 securitization (each as described below)) is fixed. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018, 94.3%~~2019, 42.5% of our long-term debt was at a fixed ~~rate or covered by interest rate cap contracts.~~rate.

Operating Costs. Our financial results are impacted by the costs of operations and home office functions. Those costs are included in general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of income. Our ~~receivable efficiency~~operating expense ratio (annualized sum of general and administrative expenses divided by average finance receivables) was 16.3% for the first six months of 2019, compared to 16.6% for the first ~~nine~~six months of ~~2018, compared to 17.8% for the same period of 2017.~~2018. We believe that this ratio is generally in line with industry standards for companies of our size, and we expect that it will continue to decline in future years as we continue to grow our loan portfolio and control expense growth.

Components of Results of Operations

Interest and Fee Income.Our interest and fee income consists primarily of interest earned on outstanding loans. Accrual of interest income on finance receivables is suspended when an account becomes 90 days delinquent. If the account is charged off, the accrued interest income is reversed as a reduction of interest and fee income.

Most states allow certain fees in connection with lending activities, such as loan origination fees, acquisition fees, and maintenance fees. Some states allow for higher fees while keeping interest rates lower. Loan fees are additional charges to the customer and generally are included in the annual percentage rate shown in the Truth in Lending disclosure that we make to our customers. The fees may or may not be refundable to the customer in the event of an early payoff, depending on state law. Fees are accrued to income over the life of the loan on the constant yield method.

Insurance Income, Net.Our insurance operations are a material part of our overall business and are integral to our lending activities. Insurance income, net consists primarily of earned premiums, net of certain direct costs, from the sale of various optional payment and collateral protection insurance products offered to customers who obtain loans directly from us. Insurance income, net also includes the earned premiums and direct costs associated with thenon-file insurance that we purchase to protect us from credit losses where, following an event of default, we are unable to take possession of personal property collateral because our security interest is not perfected. We do not sell insurance tonon-borrowers. Direct costs included in insurance income, net are claims paid, claims reserves, ceding fees, and premium taxes paid. We do not allocate to insurance income, net, any other home office or branch administrative costs associated with managing our insurance operations, managing our captive insurance company, marketing and selling insurance products, legal and compliance review, or internal audits. ~~All of these costs, which management estimates will approximate $6.7 million in 2018, are included in general and administrative expenses in our consolidated statement of income.~~

Our primary insurance products include optional credit life insurance, accident and health insurance, involuntary unemployment insurance, and personal property insurance. The type and terms of our optional insurance products vary from state to state based on applicable laws and regulations. We generally require that customers maintain property insurance on any personal property securing loans, and we offer customers the option of providing proof of such insurance purchased from a third party in lieu of purchasing property insurance from us. We also require proof of insurance on any vehicles securing loans, and in select markets, we offer vehicle single interest insurance on vehicles used as collateral on small and large loans. In addition, before we ceased originating automobile loans in November 2017, we offered a guaranteed asset protection waiver product, which provides for the forgiveness of any loan balance remaining if the automobile collateral is determined to be a total loss by the primary insurance carrier and insurance proceeds are insufficient to pay off the customer’s loan in full.

~~Apart from the various optional payment and collateral protection insurance products that we offer to customers, on certain loans, we also collect a fee from customers and, in turn, purchasenon-file~~ ~~insurance from an unaffiliated insurance company for our benefit in lieu of recording and perfecting our security interest in personal property collateral.Non-file~~ insurance protects us from credit losses where, following an event of default, we are unable to take possession of personal property collateral because our security interest is not perfected (for example, in certain instances where a customer files for bankruptcy). In such circumstances,~~non-file~~ ~~insurance generally will pay to us an amount equal to the lesser of the loan balance or the collateral value. As previously disclosed, in~~ recent years, as large loans have become a larger percentage of our loan portfolio, the severity ofnon-file insurance claims has increased andnon-file insurance claims expenses have exceedednon-file insurance ~~premiums.~~fees. The resulting net loss from thenon-file insurance product has been reflected in our insurance income, net. We have evaluated various ways to lower ournon-file insurance claims, and we ~~have determined to reduce~~reduced our utilization ofnon-file insurance ~~in the future,~~ beginning in the fourth quarter of 2018. This policy change will cause substantially offsetting increases to insurance income, net and net credit losses in current and future quarters. Therefore, we do not expect this change in policy to impact our profitability in future quarters. For additional information regarding this policy change, including its impact on our allowance for credit losses in the third quarter of 2018, see Note 3, “Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information, and Allowance for Credit Losses,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements”.

We issue insurance certificates as agents on behalf of an unaffiliated insurance company and then remit to the unaffiliated insurance company the premiums we collect, net of refunds on prepaid loans and net of commission on new business. The unaffiliated insurance company then cedes to our wholly-owned insurance subsidiary, RMC Reinsurance, Ltd., the net insurance premium revenue and the associated insurance claims liability for all insurance products, including the~~non-file~~ ~~insurance that we purchase. Life insurance premiums are ceded as written, andnon-life~~ insurance premiums are ceded as earned. In accepting the premium revenue and associated claims liability, RMC Reinsurance acts as reinsurer for all insurance products that we sell to our customers and for the~~non-file~~ ~~insurance that we purchase. RMC Reinsurance pays the unaffiliated insurance company a ceding fee for the continued administration of all insurance products.~~years.

As reinsurer, we maintain cash reserves for life insurance claims in an amount determined by the unaffiliated insurance company. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the restricted cash balance for these cash reserves was ~~$7.0~~$7.5 million. The unaffiliated insurance company maintains the reserves fornon-life claims.

Other Income.Our other income consists primarily of late charges assessed on customers who fail to make a payment within a specified number of days following the due date of the payment. In addition, fees for extending the due date of a loan, returned check charges, ~~and~~ commissions earned from the sale of an auto club product, and interest income from restricted cash are included in other income.

Provision for Credit Losses.Provisions for credit losses are charged to income in amounts that we estimate as sufficient to maintain an allowance for credit losses at an adequate level to provide for estimated losses on the related finance receivable portfolio. Credit loss experience, delinquency of finance receivables, loan portfolio growth, the value of underlying collateral, and

management’s judgment are factors used in assessing the overall adequacy of the allowance and the resulting provision for credit losses. Our provision for credit losses fluctuates so that we maintain an adequate credit loss allowance that reflects forecasted future credit losses over the estimated loss emergence period (the interval of time between the event ~~which~~that caused a borrower to default and our recording of the credit loss) for each finance receivable type. Changes in our delinquency and net credit loss rates may result in changes to our provision for credit losses. Substantial adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if there are significant changes in economic conditions or loan portfolio performance.

General and Administrative Expenses.Our general and administrative expenses are comprised of four categories: personnel, occupancy, marketing, and other. We measure our general and administrative expenses as a percentage of average finance receivables, which we refer to as our ~~receivable efficiency~~operating expense ratio.

Our personnel expenses are the largest component of our general and administrative expenses and consist primarily of the salaries and wages, overtime, contract labor, relocation costs, bonuses, benefits, and related payroll taxes associated with all of our operations and home office employees.

Our occupancy expenses consist primarily of the cost of renting our facilities, all of which are leased, as well as the utility, depreciation of leasehold improvements and furniture and fixtures, telecommunication, data processing, and othernon-personnel costs associated with operating our business.

Our marketing expenses consist primarily of costs associated with our direct mail campaigns (including postage and costs associated with selecting recipients), digital marketing, and maintaining our consumer website, as well as some local marketing by branches. These costs are expensed as incurred.

Other expenses consist primarily of legal, compliance, audit, and consulting costs,non-employee director compensation, amortization of software licenses and implementation costs, electronic payment processing costs, bank service charges, office supplies, and credit bureau charges. We expect legal and compliance costs to remain elevated due to the regulatory environment in the consumer finance industry. For a discussion regarding how risks and uncertainties associated with ~~legal proceedings and~~ the current regulatory environment may impact our future expenses, net income, and overall financial condition, see Part II, Item ~~1A.~~1A, “Risk Factors” and the filings referenced therein.

Interest Expense.Our interest expense consists primarily of paid and accrued interest for long-term debt, unused line fees, and amortization of debt issuance costs on long-term debt. Interest expense also includes costs attributable to the interest rate caps that we use to manage our interest rate risk. Changes in the fair value of the interest rate caps are reflected in interest expense.

Income Taxes.Income taxes consist of state and federal income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The change in deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in the period in which the change occurs, and the effects of future tax rate changes are recognized in the period in which the enactment of new rates occurs.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations, both in dollars and as a percentage of average finance receivables (annualized):


	3Q 18					3Q 17					YTD 18					YTD 17					2Q 19					2Q 18					YTD 19					YTD 18
In thousands	Amount		% of Average Receivables			Amount		% of Average Receivables			Amount		% of Average Receivables			Amount		% of Average Receivables			Amount		% of Average Finance Receivables			Amount		% of Average Finance Receivables			Amount		% of Average Finance Receivables			Amount		% of Average Finance Receivables
Revenue
Interest and fee income	$	72,128		33.2	%	$	63,615		33.8	%	$	205,108		32.8	%	$	182,657		33.5	%	$	75,974		32.5	%	$	66,829		32.7	%	$	150,296		32.3	%	$	132,980		32.6	%
Insurance income, net		2,898		1.3	%		3,095		1.6	%		9,169		1.5	%		9,985		1.8	%		5,066		2.2	%		2,882		1.4	%		9,179		2.0	%		6,271		1.5	%
Other income		2,890		1.4	%		2,484		1.3	%		8,680		1.3	%		7,710		1.5	%		3,234		1.4	%		2,705		1.3	%		6,547		1.4	%		5,790		1.4	%

Total revenue		77,916		35.9	%		69,194		36.7	%		222,957		35.6	%		200,352		36.8	%		84,274		36.1	%		72,416		35.4	%		166,022		35.7	%		145,041		35.5	%

Expenses
Provision for credit losses		23,640		10.9	%		20,152		10.7	%		63,358		10.1	%		57,875		10.6	%		25,714		11.0	%		20,203		9.9	%		49,057		10.6	%		39,718		9.7	%
Personnel		21,376		9.8	%		19,534		10.4	%		61,994		9.9	%		56,089		10.3	%		22,511		9.6	%		19,390		9.5	%		44,904		9.7	%		40,618		10.0	%
Occupancy		5,490		2.5	%		5,480		2.9	%		16,586		2.7	%		16,184		3.0	%		6,210		2.7	%		5,478		2.7	%		12,375		2.7	%		11,096		2.7	%
Marketing		2,132		1.0	%		2,303		1.2	%		5,843		0.9	%		5,287		1.0	%		2,261		1.0	%		2,258		1.1	%		3,912		0.8	%		3,711		0.9	%
Other		6,863		3.2	%		6,523		3.5	%		19,245		3.1	%		19,376		3.5	%		6,761		2.9	%		6,089		2.9	%		14,735		3.1	%		12,382		3.0	%

Total general and administrative		35,861		16.5	%		33,840		18.0	%		103,668		16.6	%		96,936		17.8	%		37,743		16.2	%		33,215		16.2	%		75,926		16.3	%		67,807		16.6	%
Interest expense		8,729		4.0	%		6,658		3.5	%		23,821		3.8	%		17,092		3.2	%		9,771		4.2	%		7,915		3.9	%		19,492		4.2	%		15,092		3.7	%

Income before income taxes		9,686		4.5	%		8,544		4.5	%		32,110		5.1	%		28,449		5.2	%		11,046		4.7	%		11,083		5.4	%		21,547		4.6	%		22,424		5.5	%
Income taxes		2,237		1.1	%		3,235		1.7	%		7,535		1.2	%		9,371		1.7	%		2,677		1.1	%		2,601		1.3	%		5,070		1.1	%		5,298		1.3	%

Net income	$	7,449		3.4	%	$	5,309		2.8	%	$	24,575		3.9	%	$	19,078		3.5	%	$	8,369		3.6	%	$	8,482		4.1	%	$	16,477		3.5	%	$	17,126		4.2	%

Information explaining the changes in our results of operations fromyear-to-year is provided in the following pages.

The following table summarizes the quarterly trend of our financial results:


	Quarterly Trend																Income Statement Quarterly Trend
In thousands, except per share amounts	3Q 17		4Q 17		1Q 18		2Q 18		3Q 18		QoQ $ B(W)			YoY $ B(W)			2Q 18			3Q 18			4Q 18			1Q 19			2Q 19			QoQ $ B(W)			YoY $ B(W)
Revenue
Interest and fee income	$	63,615	$	66,377	$	66,151	$	66,829	$	72,128	$	5,299		$	8,513		$	66,829		$	72,128		$	75,013		$	74,322		$	75,974		$	1,652		$	9,145
Insurance income, net		3,095		3,076		3,389		2,882		2,898		16			(197	)		2,882			2,898			5,624			4,113			5,066			953			2,184
Other income		2,484		2,654		3,085		2,705		2,890		185			406			2,705			2,890			3,112			3,313			3,234			(79	)		529

Total revenue		69,194		72,107		72,625		72,416		77,916		5,500			8,722			72,416			77,916			83,749			81,748			84,274			2,526			11,858

Expenses
Provision for credit losses		20,152		19,464		19,515		20,203		23,640		(3,437	)		(3,488	)		20,203			23,640			23,698			23,343			25,714			(2,371	)		(5,511	)
Personnel		19,534		19,903		21,228		19,390		21,376		(1,986	)		(1,842	)		19,390			21,376			22,074			22,393			22,511			(118	)		(3,121	)
Occupancy		5,480		5,346		5,618		5,478		5,490		(12	)		(10	)		5,478			5,490			5,933			6,165			6,210			(45	)		(732	)
Marketing		2,303		1,841		1,453		2,258		2,132		126			171			2,258			2,132			1,902			1,651			2,261			(610	)		(3	)
Other		6,523		6,929		6,293		6,089		6,863		(774	)		(340	)		6,089			6,863			6,707			7,974			6,761			1,213			(672	)

Total general and administrative		33,840		34,019		34,592		33,215		35,861		(2,646	)		(2,021	)		33,215			35,861			36,616			38,183			37,743			440			(4,528	)
Interest expense		6,658		6,816		7,177		7,915		8,729		(814	)		(2,071	)		7,915			8,729			9,643			9,721			9,771			(50	)		(1,856	)

Income before income taxes		8,544		11,808		11,341		11,083		9,686		(1,397	)		1,142			11,083			9,686			13,792			10,501			11,046			545			(37	)
Income taxes		3,235		923		2,697		2,601		2,237		364			998			2,601			2,237			3,022			2,393			2,677			(284	)		(76	)

Net income	$	5,309	$	10,885	$	8,644	$	8,482	$	7,449	$	(1,033	)	$	2,140		$	8,482		$	7,449		$	10,770		$	8,108		$	8,369		$	261		$	(113	)

Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.46	$	0.94	$	0.74	$	0.73	$	0.64	$	(0.09	)	$	0.18		$	0.73		$	0.64		$	0.92		$	0.69		$	0.71		$	0.02		$	(0.02	)

Diluted	$	0.45	$	0.92	$	0.72	$	0.70	$	0.61	$	(0.09	)	$	0.16		$	0.70		$	0.61		$	0.90		$	0.67		$	0.70		$	0.03		$	—

Weighted-average shares outstanding:
Basic		11,563		11,592		11,618		11,658		11,672		(14	)		(109	)		11,658			11,672			11,672			11,712			11,706			6			(48	)

Diluted		11,812		11,875		12,030		12,138		12,133		5			(321	)		12,138			12,133			12,010			12,076			12,022			54			116

Net interest margin	$	62,536	$	65,291	$	65,448	$	64,501	$	69,187	$	4,686		$	6,651		$	64,501		$	69,187		$	74,106		$	72,027		$	74,503		$	2,476		$	10,002

Net credit margin	$	42,384	$	45,827	$	45,933	$	44,298	$	45,547	$	1,249		$	3,163		$	44,298		$	45,547		$	50,408		$	48,684		$	48,789		$	105		$	4,491


	3Q 17		4Q 17		1Q 18		2Q 18		3Q 18		QoQ $ Inc (Dec)			YoY $ Inc (Dec)			Balance Sheet Quarterly Trend
																	2Q 18			3Q 18			4Q 18			1Q 19			2Q 19			QoQ $ Inc (Dec)			YoY $ Inc (Dec)
Total assets	$	779,850	$	829,483	$	814,809	$	868,220	$	893,279	$	25,059		$	113,429		$	868,220		$	893,279		$	956,395		$	953,467		$	1,019,316		$	65,849		$	151,096

Finance receivables	$	774,856	$	817,463	$	804,956	$	847,238	$	888,076	$	40,838		$	113,220		$	847,238		$	888,076		$	932,243		$	912,250		$	973,434		$	61,184		$	126,196

Allowance for credit losses	$	47,400	$	48,910	$	47,750	$	48,450	$	55,300	$	6,850		$	7,900		$	48,450		$	55,300		$	58,300		$	56,400		$	57,200		$	800		$	8,750

Long-term debt	$	538,351	$	571,496	$	550,377	$	595,765	$	611,593	$	15,828		$	73,242		$	595,765		$	611,593		$	660,507		$	628,786		$	689,310		$	60,524		$	93,545


																	Other Key Metrics Quarterly Trend
																	2Q 18			3Q 18			4Q 18			1Q 19			2Q 19			QoQ Inc (Dec)			YoY Inc (Dec)
Interest and fee yield (annualized)																		32.7	%		33.2	%		32.9	%		32.1	%		32.5	%		0.4	%		(0.2	)%

Operating expense ratio (1)																		16.2	%		16.5	%		16.1	%		16.5	%		16.2	%		(0.3	)%		0.0	%

30+ contractual delinquency																		6.3	%		7.1	%		7.7	%		7.0	%		6.4	%		(0.6	)%		0.1	%

Net credit loss (2)																		9.5	%		7.7	%		9.1	%		10.9	%		10.7	%		(0.2	)%		1.2	%

Book value per share																	$	21.93		$	22.68		$	23.70		$	24.15		$	24.88		$	0.73		$	2.95

(1)	Annualized general and administrative expenses as a percentage of average finance receivables.

(2)	Annualized net credit losses as a percentage of average finance receivables.

Comparison of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, Versus ~~September~~June 30, ~~2017~~2018

The following discussion and table describe the changes in finance receivables by product type:

•

Small Loans (£$2,500)– Small loans outstanding increased by ~~$51.2~~$46.5 million, or ~~14.1%~~12.1%, to ~~$414.4~~$431.2 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$363.3~~$384.7 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The increase was primarily due to increased ~~marketing.~~marketing and growth in receivables in branches opened during 2018.

•

Large Loans (>$2,500)– Large loans outstanding increased by ~~$102.2~~$106.7 million, or ~~33.1%~~27.2%, to ~~$410.8~~$498.8 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$308.6~~$392.1 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The increase was primarily due to increased marketing, ~~and~~ the transition of small loan customers to large ~~loans.~~loans, and growth in receivables in branches opened during 2018.

•

Automobile Loans– Automobile loans outstanding decreased by ~~$39.3~~$23.7 million, or ~~54.9%~~60.2%, to ~~$32.3~~$15.7 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$71.7~~$39.4 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. We ceased originating automobile loans in November 2017 to focus on growing our core loan portfolio. ~~We expect the automobile loan portfolio to liquidate at a slightly faster rate in 2018 compared to 2017.~~

•

Retail Loans– Retail loans outstanding decreased ~~$0.8~~by $3.3 million, or ~~2.5%~~10.5%, to ~~$30.5~~$27.8 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$31.3~~$31.0 million at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2017.~~2018.


	Finance Receivables by Product																		Finance Receivables by Product
In thousands	3Q 18		2Q 18		QoQ $ Inc (Dec)			QoQ % Inc (Dec)			3Q 17		YoY $ Inc (Dec)			YoY % Inc (Dec)			2Q 19		1Q 19		QoQ $ Inc (Dec)			QoQ % Inc (Dec)			2Q 18		YoY $ Inc (Dec)			YoY % Inc (Dec)
Small loans	$	414,441	$	384,690	$	29,751			7.7	%	$	363,262	$	51,179			14.1	%	$	431,214	$	421,712	$	9,502			2.3	%	$	384,690	$	46,524			12.1	%
Large loans		410,811		392,101		18,710			4.8	%		308,642		102,169			33.1	%		498,757		440,707		58,050			13.2	%		392,101		106,656			27.2	%

Total core loans		825,252		776,791		48,461			6.2	%		671,904		153,348			22.8	%		929,971		862,419		67,552			7.8	%		776,791		153,180			19.7	%
Automobile loans		32,322		39,414		(7,092	)		(18.0	)%		71,666		(39,344	)		(54.9	)%		15,686		20,511		(4,825	)		(23.5	)%		39,414		(23,728	)		(60.2	)%
Retail loans		30,502		31,033		(531	)		(1.7	)%		31,286		(784	)		(2.5	)%		27,777		29,320		(1,543	)		(5.3	)%		31,033		(3,256	)		(10.5	)%

Total finance receivables	$	888,076	$	847,238	$	40,838			4.8	%	$	774,856	$	113,220			14.6	%	$	973,434	$	912,250	$	61,184			6.7	%	$	847,238	$	126,196			14.9	%

Number of branches at period end		346		340		6			1.8	%		344		2			0.6	%		356		360		(4	)		(1.1	)%		340		16			4.7	%
Average finance receivables per branch	$	2,567	$	2,492	$	75			3.0	%	$	2,252	$	315			14.0	%	$	2,734	$	2,534	$	200			7.9	%	$	2,492	$	242			9.7	%

Comparison of the Three Months Ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, Versus the Three Months Ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2017~~2018

Net Income. Net income ~~increased $2.1~~decreased $0.1 million, or ~~40.3%~~1.3%, to ~~$7.4~~$8.4 million during the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$5.3~~$8.5 million during the prior-year period. The ~~increase~~decrease was primarily due to ~~an increase in revenue of $8.7 million and a decrease in income taxes of $1.0 million, offset by~~ an increase in provision for credit losses of ~~$3.5~~$5.5 million, an increase in general and administrative expenses of ~~$2.0~~$4.5 million, and an increase in interest expense of ~~$2.1~~$1.9 million, offset by an increase in revenue of $11.9 million.

Revenue.Total revenue increased ~~$8.7~~$11.9 million, or ~~12.6%~~16.4%, to ~~$77.9~~$84.3 million during the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$69.2~~$72.4 million during the prior-year period. The components of revenue are explained in greater detail below.

Interest and Fee Income.Interest and fee income increased ~~$8.5~~$9.1 million, or ~~13.4%~~13.7%, to ~~$72.1~~$76.0 million during the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$63.6~~$66.8 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a ~~15.3%~~14.2% increase in average finance receivables, offset by a ~~0.6%~~0.2% decrease in average yield.

The following table sets forth the average finance receivables balance and average yield for our loan products:


	Average Finance Receivables for the Quarter Ended							Average Yields for the Quarter Ended									Average Finance Receivables for the Quarter Ended							Average Yields for the Quarter Ended
In thousands	3Q 18		3Q 17		YoY % Inc (Dec)			3Q 18			3Q 17			YoY % Inc (Dec)			2Q 19		2Q 18		YoY % Inc (Dec)			2Q 19			2Q 18			YoY % Inc (Dec)
Small loans	$	401,132	$	358,380		11.9	%		40.4	%		42.7	%		(2.3	)%	$	419,349	$	366,647		14.4	%		38.6	%		40.1	%		(1.5	)%
Large loans		401,212		288,684		39.0	%		28.6	%		29.0	%		(0.4	)%		468,305		375,836		24.6	%		28.6	%		28.6	%		0.0	%
Automobile loans		35,845		75,984		(52.8	)%		15.6	%		16.2	%		(0.6	)%		17,933		43,980		(59.2	)%		14.6	%		16.0	%		(1.4	)%
Retail loans		30,861		30,788		0.2	%		19.3	%		17.8	%		1.5	%		28,786		31,530		(8.7	)%		18.8	%		18.8	%		0.0	%

Total interest and fee yield	$	869,050	$	753,836		15.3	%		33.2	%		33.8	%		(0.6	)%	$	934,373	$	817,993		14.2	%		32.5	%		32.7	%		(0.2	)%

Total revenue yield	$	869,050	$	753,836		15.3	%		35.9	%		36.7	%		(0.8	)%

Small loan yields decreased ~~2.3%~~1.5% compared to the prior-year period as more of our small loan customers have originated loans with larger balances and longer maturities, which typically are priced at lower interest rates. ~~When compared to the prior-year period, large~~Large loan and retail loan yields ~~decreased 0.4% and increased 1.5%, respectively, as a result of adjusted pricing that reflects current market conditions.~~remained constant compared to the prior-year period. Automobile loan yields decreased ~~0.6%~~1.4% compared to the prior-year period. We anticipate that the automobile loan yields will remain at the current level or decline due to higher-yielding loans paying off or renewing into large loans, leaving the lower-yielding loans in the liquidating automobile loan portfolio.

~~Since we began focusing~~As a result of our focus on large loan growth ~~in early 2015,~~over the last several years, the large loan portfolio has grown faster than the rest of our loan products, and we expect that this trend will continue in the future. Over time, large loan growth will change our product mix, which will reduce our total interest and fee yield.

The following table represents the amount of loan originations and refinancing, net of unearned finance charges:


	Net Loans Originated																		Net Loans Originated
In thousands	3Q 18		2Q 18		QoQ $ Inc (Dec)			QoQ % Inc (Dec)			3Q 17		YoY $ Inc (Dec)			YoY % Inc (Dec)			2Q 19		1Q 19		QoQ $ Inc (Dec)			QoQ % Inc (Dec)			2Q 18		YoY $ Inc (Dec)			YoY % Inc (Dec)
Small loans	$	162,644	$	165,023	$	(2,379	)		(1.4	)%	$	148,820	$	13,824			9.3	%	$	174,440	$	129,245	$	45,195			35.0	%	$	165,023	$	9,417			5.7	%
Large loans		95,410		109,186		(13,776	)		(12.6	)%		105,460		(10,050	)		(9.5	)%		169,373		84,068		85,305			101.5	%		109,186		60,187			55.1	%
Automobile loans		—		—		—			0.0	%		3,787		(3,787	)		(100.0	)%
Retail loans		5,971		6,713		(742	)		(11.1	)%		7,905		(1,934	)		(24.5	)%		5,179		6,197		(1,018	)		(16.4	)%		6,713		(1,534	)		(22.9	)%

Total net loans originated	$	264,025	$	280,922	$	(16,897	)		(6.0	)%	$	265,972	$	(1,947	)		(0.7	)%	$	348,992	$	219,510	$	129,482			59.0	%	$	280,922	$	68,070			24.2	%

The ~~hurricanes had estimated negative impacts on loan originations~~following table summarizes the components of ~~$2.8~~the increase in interest and fee income:


	Components of Increase in Interest and Fee Income 2Q 19 Compared to 2Q 18 Increase (Decrease)
In thousands	Volume			Rate			Volume & Rate			Net
Small loans	$	5,279		$	(1,363	)	$	(196	)	$	3,720
Large loans		6,609			38			9			6,656
Automobile loans		(1,042	)		(153	)		91			(1,104	)
Retail loans		(129	)		2			—			(127	)
Product mix		(1,209	)		1,158			51			—

Total increase in interest and fee income	$	9,508		$	(318	)	$	(45	)	$	9,145

The $9.1 million increase in interest and ~~$3.0~~fee income during the three months ended June 30, 2019 from the prior-year period was primarily driven by finance receivables growth, offset by a decrease in yield, as illustrated in the table above. We expect future increases in interest and fee income to continue to be driven primarily by growth in our average finance receivables.

Insurance Income, Net.Insurance income, net increased $2.2 million, or 75.8%, to $5.1 million during the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019, from $2.9 million during the prior-year period. Annualized insurance income, net represented 2.2% and 1.4% of average finance receivables during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period, respectively. During both the three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period, personal property insurance premiums represented the largest component of aggregate earned insurance premiums andnon-file insurance claims expense represented the largest component of direct insurance expenses.

The following table summarizes the components of insurance income, net:


	Insurance Premiums and Direct Expenses for the Quarter Ended
In thousands	2Q 19			2Q 18			YoY $ B(W)		YoY % B(W)
Earned premiums	$	8,345		$	7,507		$	838		11.2	%
Claims, reserves, and certain direct expenses		(3,279	)		(4,625	)		1,346		29.1	%

Insurance income, net	$	5,066		$	2,882		$	2,184		75.8	%

Earned premiums increased by $0.8 million and claims, reserves, and certain direct expenses decreased by $1.3 million, in each case, compared to the prior-year period. The increase in earned premiums was primarily due to loan growth. The decrease in claims, reserves, and certain direct expenses compared to the prior-year period was primarily due to $1.4 million less innon-file insurance claims expense related to our change in business practice to decrease utilization ofnon-file insurance. The change in business practice to lower utilization ofnon-file insurance causes substantially offsetting increases to insurance income, net and net credit losses.

Other Income.Other income increased $0.5 million, or 19.6%, to $3.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $2.7 million during the prior-year period, due to a $0.4 million increase in commissions earned from the sale of our auto club product and a $0.1 million increase in interest income from restricted cash. Late charges of $2.1 million and $2.0 million represented 64.2% and 74.5% of total other income for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period, respectively. As large loans continue to represent a greater percentage of our total loan portfolio and we continue to leverage electronic payment options, we expect lower late charges per active account. Annualized other income represented 1.4% and 1.3% of average finance receivables during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period, respectively.

Provision for Credit Losses.Our provision for credit losses increased $5.5 million, or 27.3%, to $25.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $20.2 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to an increase in net credit losses of $5.4 million compared to the prior-year period. The annualized provision for credit losses as a percentage of average finance receivables during the three months ended June 30, 2019 was 11.0%, compared to 9.9% during the prior-year period. The three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period included a 0.8% and 0.2% impact, respectively, from the increase in net credit losses discussed in the insurance income, net paragraph above.

The increase in the provision for credit losses is explained in greater detail below.

Net Credit Losses. Net credit losses increased $5.4 million, or 27.7%, to $24.9 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $19.5 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a $116.4 million increase in average finance receivables over the prior-year period. Net credit losses also increased due to credit tightening associated with the implementation of new custom loan origination scorecards for small and large loans. Beginning inmid-2018, we implemented stricter underwriting guidelines, which impacted our small and large loan customers. A portion of our existing small and large loan customers attempted to renew their loans but did not qualify under these tighter underwriting guidelines. As a result, some of these accounts became delinquent and were subsequently charged off. As of March 2019, the new small and large loan scorecards have been implemented across all of our states.

Annualized net credit losses as a percentage of average finance receivables were 10.7% during the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to 9.5% during the prior-year period. The three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period included 0.8% and 0.2% impacts, respectively, from the increase in net credit losses discussed in the insurance income, net paragraph above. The current-year period included a 0.6% impact from $1.4 million in net credit losses resulting from the 2018 hurricanes. The prior-year period included a 0.5% impact from $1.1 million in net credit losses resulting from the 2017 hurricanes.

The following table provides net credit losses and the benefit to net credit losses associated withnon-file insurance claims expense as a percentage of average finance receivables for the periods indicated:


	Non-File Insurance Impact on Net Credit Loss Rates for the Quarter Ended
	2Q 19			2Q 18
Annualized net credit losses		10.7	%		9.5	%
Annualizednon-file insurance claims benefit		0.6	%		1.2	%

Delinquency Performance.Our June 30, 2019 contractual delinquency as a percentage of total finance receivables increased to 6.4% from 6.3% as of June 30, 2018, primarily due to credit tightening.

To actively manage the delinquencies and credit losses of our loan portfolios, we have undertaken a number of initiatives to drive improved delinquency results in 2019. For example, we migrated to a new convenience check risk and response model earlier this year. Additionally, custom credit scorecards have been implemented in all 11 states as of March 2019. These initiatives combine to provide an improvement over the previous criteria that were used to underwrite small and large loans.

The following tables include delinquency balances by aging category and by product:


	Contractual Delinquency by Aging
In thousands	2Q 19				2Q 18
Allowance for credit losses	$	57,200	5.9	%	$	48,450	5.7	%
Current		805,215	82.7	%		704,770	83.1	%
1 to 29 days past due		106,017	10.9	%		89,510	10.6	%

Delinquent accounts:
30 to 59 days		22,082	2.3	%		18,886	2.3	%
60 to 89 days		13,961	1.4	%		12,103	1.4	%
90 to 119 days		9,962	1.1	%		8,373	1.0	%
120 to 149 days		8,089	0.8	%		6,857	0.8	%
150 to 179 days		8,108	0.8	%		6,739	0.8	%

Total contractual delinquency	$	62,202	6.4	%	$	52,958	6.3	%

Total finance receivables	$	973,434	100.0	%	$	847,238	100.0	%


	Contractual Delinquency by Product
In thousands	2Q 19				2Q 18
Small loans	$	33,276	7.7	%	$	28,347	7.4	%
Large loans		25,447	5.1	%		19,600	5.0	%
Automobile loans		1,294	8.2	%		2,909	7.4	%
Retail loans		2,185	7.9	%		2,102	6.8	%

Total contractual delinquency	$	62,202	6.4	%	$	52,958	6.3	%

Allowance for Credit Losses. We evaluate delinquency and credit losses in each of our loan products in establishing the allowance for credit losses. The following table sets forth our allowance for credit losses compared to the related finance receivables as of the end of the periods indicated:


	2Q 19							2Q 18
In thousands	Finance Receivables		Allowance for Credit Losses		Allowance as a Percentage of Finance Receivables			Finance Receivables		Allowance for Credit Losses		Allowance as a Percentage of Finance Receivables
Small loans	$	431,214	$	29,134		6.8	%	$	384,690	$	23,969		6.2	%
Large loans		498,757		25,054		5.0	%		392,101		19,698		5.0	%

Total core loans		929,971		54,188		5.8	%		776,791		43,667		5.6	%
Automobile loans		15,686		1,093		7.0	%		39,414		2,642		6.7	%
Retail loans		27,777		1,919		6.9	%		31,033		2,141		6.9	%

Total	$	973,434	$	57,200		5.9	%	$	847,238	$	48,450		5.7	%

The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of finance receivables increased to 5.9% as of June 30, 2019, from 5.7% as of June 30, 2018. The increase was primarily due to higher net credit losses as of June 30, 2019, compared to June 30, 2018.

General and Administrative Expenses.Our general and administrative expenses, comprising expenses for personnel, occupancy, marketing, and other expenses, increased $4.5 million, or 13.6%, to $37.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $33.2 million during the prior-year period. Our operating expense ratio (annualized general and administrative expenses as a percentage of average finance receivables) remained constant at 16.2% during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period. We believe that our operating expense ratio will decline in future years as we grow our loan portfolio and control expense growth. The absolute dollar increase in general and administrative expenses is explained in greater detail below.

Personnel.The largest component of general and administrative expenses is personnel expense, which increased $3.1 million, or 16.1%, to $22.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $19.4 million during the prior-year period. Labor expenses increased $1.7 million primarily due to added headcount in our legacy branches, most of which was added to effectively service active account growth that has occurred since June 30, 2018. Personnel expenses related to our 16 net new branches that have opened since the prior-year period contributed to a $0.7 million increase compared to the prior-year period. Branch incentive expenses increased $0.7 million as a result of improved branch performance.

Occupancy. Occupancy expenses increased $0.7 million, or 13.4%, to $6.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $5.5 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to our 16 net new branches that opened since the prior-year period. Additionally, we frequently experience increases in rent, leasehold improvements, and computer equipment expenses as we renew existing branch leases.

Marketing. Marketing expenses remained constant at $2.3 million during both the three months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period. Increased efficiencies of marketing programs enabled us to increase marketing-driven loan volumes and effectively support our expanded branch footprint while holding marketing expenses equal to the prior-year period.

Other Expenses. Other expenses increased $0.7 million, or 11.0%, to $6.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $6.1 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a $0.3 million increase in collections expense, a $0.1 million increase in legal and settlement expenses, a $0.1 million increase in bank card processing fees, and a $0.1 million increase related to our 16 net new branches that have opened since the prior-year period.

Interest Expense.Interest expense on long-term debt increased $1.9 million, or 23.4%, to $9.8 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $7.9 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the average balance of our long-term debt facilities from finance receivable growth and an increase in interest rates, which combined for a $1.0 million increase in interest expense. The increase in the average balance of our senior revolving credit facility was partially due to stock repurchases of $7.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019. Additionally, amortization of debt issuance costs increased $0.5 million, while unused line fees and interest expense related to our interest rate cap contracts increased $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively. The annualized average cost of our total long-term debt increased 0.42% to 6.03% during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from 5.61% during the prior-year period. The average cost of our long-term debt has increased as we have diversified our long-term funding sources.

Income Taxes.Income taxes increased $0.1 million, or 2.9%, to $2.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2019, from $2.6 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a $0.2 million decrease in tax benefits related to the exercise and vesting of share-based awards. Our effective tax rates were 24.2% and 23.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2019, Versus the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018

Net Income. Net income decreased $0.6 million, or 3.8%, to $16.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $17.1 million during the prior-year period. The decrease was primarily due to an increase in provision for credit losses of $9.3 million, an increase in general and administrative expenses of $8.1 million, and an increase in interest expense of $4.4 million, offset by an increase in revenue of $21.0 million.

Revenue.Total revenue increased $21.0 million, or 14.5%, to $166.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $145.0 million during the prior-year period. The components of revenue are explained in greater detail below.

Interest and Fee Income.Interest and fee income increased $17.3 million, or 13.0%, to $150.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $133.0 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a 13.9% increase in average finance receivables, offset by a 0.3% decrease in average yield.

The following table sets forth the average finance receivables balance and average yield for our loan products:


	Average Finance Receivables for the Six Months Ended							Average Yields for the Six Months Ended
In thousands	YTD 19		YTD 18		YoY % Inc (Dec)			YTD 19			YTD 18			YoY % Inc (Dec)
Small loans	$	426,732	$	368,570		15.8	%		38.4	%		40.1	%		(1.7	)%
Large loans		452,975		365,865		23.8	%		28.3	%		28.5	%		(0.2	)%
Automobile loans		20,565		49,715		(58.6	)%		14.8	%		15.7	%		(0.9	)%
Retail loans		29,415		32,091		(8.3	)%		18.7	%		18.7	%		0.0	%

Total interest and fee yield	$	929,687	$	816,241		13.9	%		32.3	%		32.6	%		(0.3	)%

Small loan yields decreased 1.7% compared to the prior-year period as more of our small loan customers have originated loans with larger balances and longer maturities, which typically are priced at lower interest rates. Large loan yields decreased 0.2% compared to the prior-year period primarily due to the maturation of our large loan portfolio ~~experienced most~~and the associated increase in accrued interest and fee reversals oncharged-off accounts. Automobile loan yields decreased 0.9% compared to the prior-year period. We anticipate that the automobile loan yields will remain at the current level or decline due to higher-yielding loans paying off or renewing into large loans, leaving the lower-yielding loans in the liquidating automobile loan portfolio.

As a result of ~~these impacts.~~our focus on large loan growth over the last several years, the large loan portfolio has grown faster than the rest of our loan products, and we expect that this trend will continue in the future. Over time, large loan growth will change our product mix, which will reduce our total interest and fee yield.

The following table represents the amount of loan originations and refinancing, net of unearned finance charges:


	Net Loans Originated
In thousands	YTD 19		YTD 18		YTD $ Inc (Dec)			YTD % Inc (Dec)
Small loans	$	303,685	$	288,779	$	14,906			5.2	%
Large loans		253,441		197,959		55,482			28.0	%
Retail loans		11,376		14,015		(2,639	)		(18.8	)%

Total net loans originated	$	568,502	$	500,753	$	67,749			13.5	%

The following table summarizes the components of interest and fee income:


	Components of Increase in Interest and Fee Income 3Q 18 Compared to 3Q 17 Increase (Decrease)												Components of Increase in Interest and Fee Income YTD 19 Compared to YTD 18 Increase (Decrease)
In thousands	Volume			Rate			Volume & Rate			Net			Volume			Rate			Volume & Rate			Net
Small loans	$	4,564		$	(2,048	)	$	(244	)	$	2,272		$	11,663		$	(3,208	)	$	(506	)	$	7,949
Large loans		8,153			(263	)		(102	)		7,788			12,422			(342	)		(82	)		11,998
Automobile loans		(1,622	)		(101	)		53			(1,670	)		(2,288	)		(235	)		138			(2,385	)
Retail loans		3			119			1			123			(250	)		4			—			(246	)
Product mix		(1,375	)		1,244			131			—			(3,065	)		2,757			308			—

Total increase in interest and fee income	$	9,723		$	(1,049	)	$	(161	)	$	8,513		$	18,482		$	(1,024	)	$	(142	)	$	17,316

The ~~$8.5~~$17.3 million increase in interest and fee income during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 from the prior-year period was primarily driven by finance receivables growth, offset by a decrease in yield, as illustrated in the table above. We expect future increases in interest and fee income to continue to be driven primarily from growth in our average finance receivables.

Insurance Income, Net.Insurance income, net ~~decreased $0.2~~increased $2.9 million, or ~~6.4%~~46.4%, to ~~$2.9~~$9.2 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$3.1~~$6.3 million during the prior-year period. Annualized insurance income, net represented ~~1.3%~~2.0% and ~~1.6%~~1.5% of average finance receivables during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and the prior-year period, respectively. During both the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and the prior-year period, personal property insurance premiums represented the largest component of aggregate earned insurance premiums andnon-file insurance claims expense represented the largest component of direct insurance expenses.

The following table summarizes the components of insurance income, net:


	Insurance Premiums and Direct Expenses												Insurance Premiums and Direct Expenses
In thousands	3Q 18			3Q 17			YoY $ B(W)			YoY % B(W)			YTD 19			YTD 18			YoY $ B(W)		YoY % B(W)
Earned premiums	$	7,710		$	6,662		$	1,048			15.7	%	$	16,294		$	15,131		$	1,163		7.7	%
Claims, reserves, and certain direct expenses		(4,812	)		(3,567	)		(1,245	)		(34.9	)%		(7,115	)		(8,860	)		1,745		19.7	%

Insurance income, net	$	2,898		$	3,095		$	(197	)		(6.4	)%	$	9,179		$	6,271		$	2,908		46.4	%

Earned premiums ~~and direct costs~~ increased by ~~$1.0 million and~~ $1.2 million ~~respectively,~~compared to the prior-year period, while claims, reserves, and certain direct expenses decreased $1.7 million compared to the prior-year period. The ~~increase~~decrease in ~~earned premiums~~claims, reserves, and certain direct expenses compared to the prior-year period was primarily due to ~~loan growth. The increase~~$2.5 million less in ~~direct costs was primarily due to a $0.4 million increase in~~non-file insurance claims expense ~~and a transition~~related to our change in ~~insurance carriers.~~business practice to decrease utilization ofnon-file insurance. The ~~transition~~change in ~~insurance carriers caused $0.2 million and $1.0 million~~business practice to lower utilization ofnon-file insurance claims to impact net credit losses instead of insurance income, net during the three months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively. Further, the impact of the hurricanes resulted in an additional $0.2 million increase to direct costs in both the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.

~~As described above, thenon-file~~ insurance product has been operating at a loss that has been reflected in our insurance income, net. Effective in the fourth quarter of 2018, we are implementing a policy change that will reduce the amount of~~non-file~~ ~~insurance claims that we file. This policy change will cause~~causes substantially offsetting increases to insurance income, net and net credit ~~losses~~losses. The decrease in ~~future quarters. Therefore, we do not expect this change~~non-file claims was offset by increases in ~~policy to impact our profitability in future quarters. This policy change is described in greater detail in Note 3, “Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information,~~other claims, reserves, and ~~Allowance for Credit Losses,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements”.~~certain direct expenses driven by increased volume.

Other Income.Other income increased ~~$0.4~~$0.8 million, or ~~16.3%~~13.1%, to ~~$2.9~~$6.5 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$2.5~~$5.8 million during the prior-year ~~period. The increase is~~period, due to a ~~$0.2~~$0.5 million increase in commissions earned from the sale of our auto club product ~~a $0.2 million increase in deferral fee income,~~ and a ~~$0.1~~$0.4 million increase in interest income from restricted cash related to reinsurance, offset by a $0.1 million decrease in late charges. The decrease in late charges was primarily due to large loans comprising a greater percentage of our total loan portfolio during the three months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the prior-year period, and our expanded use of electronic payment options to reduce early-stage delinquency. The most significant driver of late charges is average active accounts. Average active accounts increased 7.5% since September 30, 2017, while average finance receivables increased 15.3% since September 30, 2017.cash. Annualized other income represented 1.4% of average finance receivables during both the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and the prior-year period. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, late charges represented 67.6% of total other income, compared to 75.6% during the prior-year period. As large loans continue to represent a greater percentage of our total loan portfolio and we continue to leverage electronic payment options, we expect lower late charges per active account.

Provision for Credit Losses.Our provision for credit losses increased ~~$3.5~~$9.3 million, or ~~17.3%~~23.5%, to ~~$23.6~~$49.1 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$20.2~~$39.7 million during the prior-year period. The increase was due to an increase in net credit losses of ~~$2.0~~$10.0 million, anoffset by a $0.6 million increase in the ~~provision~~amount of allowance for ~~hurricane~~ credit losses ~~of $0.9 million~~released in the current-year period compared to the prior-year period (see Hurricane Impact below), and an increase related to two changes in estimates and a policy change that occurred during the three months ended September 30, 2018, which collectively increased the provision for credit losses by $0.3 million in the current-year period. These three changes are described in greater detail in Note 3, “Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information, and Allowance for Credit Losses,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements”.

The annualized provision for credit losses as a percentage of average finance receivables during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~10.9%~~10.6%, compared to ~~10.7%~~9.7% during the prior-year period. The ~~current-year~~six months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period ~~ratio~~ included ~~an incremental, hurricane-related provision for credit losses of $3.9 million (representing 1.8% of~~a 0.7% and 0.2% impact, respectively, from the ~~current-year period ratio), an incremental provision for credit losses of $0.3 million associated with the three above-described changes~~increase in ~~estimates and policy (representing 0.1% of the current-year period ratio), and a $0.2 million impact associated with the temporary shift of insurance claims into~~ net credit losses ~~during a transition~~discussed in ~~our~~the insurance provider (representing 0.1% of the current-year period ratio). The prior-year period ratio included an incremental, hurricane-related provision for credit losses of $3.0 million (representing 1.6% of the prior-year period ratio) and a $1.0 million impact associated with the temporary shift of insurance claims intoincome, net ~~credit losses during a transition in our insurance provider (representing 0.5% of the prior-year period ratio), offset by a $1.0 benefit associated with the bulk sale of previouslycharged-off~~ ~~customer accounts in bankruptcy (the “2017 bulk sale”) (representing a 0.5% benefit to the prior-year period ratio).~~paragraph above.

The increase in the provision for credit losses is explained in greater detail below.

~~Hurricane Impact.~~ Our provision for credit losses was impacted by increases to the allowance for credit losses of $3.9 million and $3.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively. These impacts related to estimated incremental credit losses on customer accounts impacted by the hurricanes.

~~Bulk Sale.~~~~We recognized a recovery of $1.0 million in the prior-year period from the 2017 bulk sale. These accounts had been excluded from prior salesof charged-off loans.~~

Net Credit Losses. Net credit losses increased ~~$2.0~~$10.0 million, or ~~13.8%~~24.8%, to ~~$16.8~~$50.2 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$14.8~~$40.2 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a ~~$115.2~~$113.4 million increase in average finance receivables over the prior-year period. Net credit losses during the current-year period that were attributable to the 2018 hurricanes were $0.5 million higher than net credit losses during the prior-year period that were attributable to the 2017 hurricanes.

Annualized net credit losses as a percentage of average finance receivables were ~~7.7%~~10.8% during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, compared to ~~7.8%~~9.8% during the prior-year period. The ~~current-year~~six months ended June 30, 2019 and the prior-year period ~~ratio reflected~~included 0.7% and 0.2% impacts, respectively, from the ~~temporary shift of $0.2 million ofnon-file~~ ~~insurance claims into~~increase in net credit losses ~~(representing 0.1% of~~discussed in the insurance income, net paragraph above. The current-year period ~~ratio).~~included a 0.5% impact from the $2.3 million in net credit losses resulting from the 2018 hurricanes. The prior-year period ~~ratio reflected~~included a 0.4% impact from the ~~temporary shift of $1.0~~$1.8 million of~~non-file~~ ~~insurance claims into~~in net credit losses ~~(representing 0.5% of the prior-year period ratio), offset by a $1.0 million benefit~~resulting from the 2017 ~~bulk sale (representing a 0.5% benefit to the prior-year period ratio).~~

hurricanes.

~~In addition, as described above, thenon-file~~ ~~insurance that we purchase protects us from~~The following table provides net credit losses ~~where, following an event of default, we are unable to take possession of personal property collateral because our security interest is not perfected. In those circumstances,non-file~~ ~~insurance generally will pay to us an amount equal to~~and the ~~lesser of the loan balance or the collateral value, with such claims payment lowering our net credit losses. The~~ benefit to net credit losses associated withnon-file insurance claims ~~payments~~expense as ~~an annualized~~a percentage of average finance receivables ~~was 0.8% and 0.9%~~ for ~~the three months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively:~~

   Non-File Insurance Impact on
Net Credit Loss Rates
   3Q 18 3Q 17
Annualized net credit losses
   7.7 % 7.8 %
Annualizednon-file benefit
   0.8 % 0.9 %

~~As previously disclosed, in recent years, as large loans have become a larger percentage of our loan portfolio, the severity ofnon-file~~ ~~claims has increased andnon-file~~ ~~claims expenses have exceedednon-file~~ ~~insurance premiums. The resulting net loss from thenon-file~~ ~~insurance product has been reflected in our insurance income, net.~~

~~We have evaluated various ways to lower ournon-file~~ ~~insurance claims, and we have determined to reduce our utilization ofnon-file~~ ~~insurance in the future. As a result, we expect that the benefit provided bynon-file~~ insurance will decrease by approximately 65 basis points over the next five quarters (beginning with the fourth quarter of 2018), resulting in a corresponding increase in our net credit loss rate. Our allowance for credit losses contains sufficient reserves for this anticipated increase in net credit losses. See Note 3, “Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information, and Allowance for Credit Losses,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements”. In addition, due to the decrease in~~non-file~~ insurance claims, our insurance income, net will increase by an amount comparable to the anticipated increase in net credit losses, resulting in an income statement offset. Therefore, we do not expect this change in policy to impact our profitability in future quarters.

~~Delinquency Performance.~~Our September 30, 2018 contractual delinquency as a percentage of total finance receivables increased to 7.1% from 6.8% as of September 30, 2017. Total contractual delinquency as of September 30, 2018 and September 30, 2017 were both inclusive of a 0.2% decrease attributable to the free payment deferrals that were processed for our customers impacted by the hurricanes. The days past due did not advance for these accounts after the hurricanes and through September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively.

~~The following tables include delinquency balances by aging category and by product:~~

   Contractual Delinquency by Aging
In thousands    3Q 18 3Q 17
Allowance for credit losses
   $ 55,300    6.2 % $ 47,400    6.1 %
Current
   726,003    81.8 % 638,696    82.5 %
1 to 29 days past due
   99,008    11.1 % 83,230    10.7 %






Delinquent accounts:

30 to 59 days
   22,215    2.5 % 18,621    2.4 %
60 to 89 days
   15,360    1.7 % 11,631    1.5 %
90 to 119 days
   10,183    1.1 % 9,653    1.2 %
120 to 149 days
   8,476    1.0 % 6,799    0.9 %
150 to 179 days
   6,831    0.8 % 6,226    0.8 %






Total contractual delinquency
   $ 63,065    7.1 % $ 52,930    6.8 %






Total finance receivables
   $ 888,076    100.0 % $ 774,856    100.0 %

   Contractual Delinquency by Product
In thousands    3Q 18 3Q 17
Small loans
   $ 34,581    8.3 % $ 30,328    8.3 %
Large loans
   23,406    5.7 % 15,578    5.0 %
Automobile loans
   2,686    8.3 % 5,280    7.4 %
Retail loans
   2,392    7.8 % 1,744    5.6 %






Total contractual delinquency
   $ 63,065    7.1 % $ 52,930    6.8 %

~~Contractual delinquency as a percentage of total finance receivables as of October 31, 2018 returned to levels equal to October 31, 2017.~~

~~Allowance for Credit Losses.~~ We evaluate delinquency and losses in each of our loan products in establishing the allowance for credit losses. The following table sets forth our allowance for credit losses compared to the related finance receivables as of the end of the periods indicated:

   3Q 18 3Q 17
In thousands    Finance
Receivables    Allowance
for Credit
Losses    Allowance as
Percentage
of Related
Finance
Receivables Finance
Receivables    Allowance
for Credit
Losses    Allowance as
Percentage
of Related
Finance
Receivables
Small loans
   $ 414,441    $ 25,061    6.0 % $ 363,262    $ 22,959    6.3 %
Large loans
   410,811    25,307    6.2 % 308,642    17,317    5.6 %










Total core loans
   825,252    50,368    6.1 % 671,904    40,276    6.0 %
Automobile loans
   32,322    2,565    7.9 % 71,666    4,812    6.7 %
Retail loans
   30,502    2,367    7.8 % 31,286    2,312    7.4 %










Total
   $ 888,076    $ 55,300    6.2 % $ 774,856    $ 47,400    6.1 %

The allowance for credit losses during the three months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period included $3.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, in incremental allowances for credit losses on customer accounts impacted by the hurricanes. Additionally, in the third quarter of 2018, three changes in estimates and policy occurred that impacted our estimate of the allowance for credit losses. The changes collectively increased the allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2018 and the provision for credit losses for the three months ended September 30, 2018 by $0.3 million. The three changes are described in greater detail in Note 3, “Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information, and Allowance for Credit Losses,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements”.


	Non-File Insurance Impact on Net Credit Loss Rates for the Six Months Ended
	YTD 19			YTD 18
Annualized net credit losses		10.8	%		9.8	%
Annualizednon-file insurance claims benefit		0.7	%		1.2	%

General and Administrative Expenses.Our general and administrative expenses, comprising expenses for personnel, occupancy, marketing, and other expenses, increased ~~$2.0~~$8.1 million, or ~~6.0%~~12.0%, to ~~$35.9~~$75.9 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$33.8~~$67.8 million during the prior-year period. Our ~~receivable efficiency~~operating expense ratio (annualized general and administrative expenses as a percentage of average finance receivables) decreased to ~~16.5%~~16.3% during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~18.0%~~16.6% during the prior-year period. We believe that our ~~receivable efficiency~~operating expense ratio will continue to decline in future years as we continue to grow our loan portfolio and control expense growth. The absolute dollar increase in general and administrative expenses is explained in greater detail below.

Personnel.The largest component of general and administrative expenses is personnel expense, which increased ~~$1.8~~$4.3 million, or ~~9.4%~~10.6%, to ~~$21.4~~$44.9 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$19.5~~$40.6 million during the prior-year period. Labor ~~expense~~expenses increased ~~$1.6~~$3.6 million ~~compared to the prior-year period~~ due to added headcount ~~across departments within~~in our ~~home office and an increase in branch headcount~~legacy branches to effectively service active account growth since ~~September~~June 30, ~~2017. Corporate incentive compensation expense increased $0.9 million primarily due~~2018. Additional personnel expenses related to ~~the~~our 16 net new branches that opened since June 30, 2018 ~~annual grant of awards (which have three-year performance targets) under our long-term incentive plan.~~were $1.5 million. These increases were offset by a decrease in ~~branch~~corporate incentive ~~expense~~expenses of ~~$0.6 million due to the implementation of a revised branch incentive plan in 2018 that rewards branch personnel more heavily for loan production.~~$0.8 million.

Occupancy. Occupancy expenses ~~remained constant at $5.5 million during both the three months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017.~~

~~Marketing.~~ ~~Marketing expenses decreased $0.2~~increased $1.3 million, or ~~7.4%~~11.5%, to ~~$2.1~~$12.4 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from $2.3 million during the prior-year period. The decrease was primarily due to a decrease in total direct mail marketing compared to the prior-year period. The reduction in total mail quantity was the result of our efforts to fine-tune our processes to more efficiently target potential customers.

~~Other Expenses.~~ Other expenses increased $0.3 million, or 5.2%, to $6.9 million during the three months ended September 30, 2018, from $6.5 million during the prior-year period. The current-year period included a $0.3 million increase in collections-related expenses and a $0.2 million increase in bank card processing fees, offset by a $0.3 million decrease in implementation costs for our loan management systems.

~~Interest Expense.~~~~Interest expense on long-term debt increased $2.1 million, or 31.1%, to $8.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2018, from $6.7~~$11.1 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to our 16 net new branches that opened since the prior-year period. Additionally, we frequently experience increases in rent, leasehold improvements, and computer equipment expenses as we renew existing branch leases.

Marketing. Marketing expenses increased $0.2 million, or 5.4%, to $3.9 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $3.7 million during the prior-year period. The increase was due to increased convenience check mailings and expanded digital marketing related to our 16 net new branches that opened since June 30, 2018.

Other Expenses. Other expenses increased $2.4 million, or 19.0%, to $14.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $12.4 million during the prior-year period. Collections expense and legal and settlement expenses each increased $0.6 million compared to the prior-year period. Lender custodian fees increased $0.3 million as a result of the RMIT2018-2 securitization, which was completed in December 2018. Additional increases compared to the prior-year period include audit and professional fees of $0.2 million, bank card processing fees of $0.2 million, and expenses related to our 16 net new branches that opened since June 30, 2018 of $0.2 million.

Interest Expense.Interest expense on long-term debt increased $4.4 million, or 29.2%, to $19.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $15.1 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the average balance of our long-term debt facilities from finance receivable growth and an increase in interest rates, anwhich combined for a $2.5 million increase in interest expense. The increase in the average balance of our senior revolving credit facility was partially due to stock repurchases of $7.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019. Additionally, amortization of debt issuance costs increased $0.9 million, while unused line fees and ~~additional debt issuance cost amortization.~~interest expense related to our interest rate cap contracts increased $0.6 million and $0.4 million, respectively. The annualized average cost of our total long-term debt increased ~~0.61%~~0.68% to ~~5.78%~~6.04% during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~5.17%~~5.36% during the prior-year period. The average cost of our long-term debt has increased as we have diversified our long-term funding sources.

Income Taxes.Income taxes decreased ~~$1.0~~$0.2 million, or ~~30.9%~~4.3%, to ~~$2.2~~$5.1 million during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$3.2~~$5.3 million during the prior-year period. The decrease was primarily due to a ~~reduction in our effective tax rate during the three months ended September 30, 2018 as a result of the Tax Act, offset by an increase~~decrease in income before taxes of $1.1 million. The Tax Act makes changes to U.S. tax law, including a reduction in the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. Our effective tax rates were 23.1% and 37.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively.

~~Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018, Versus the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017~~

~~Net Income.~~ Net income increased $5.5 million, or 28.8%, to $24.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $19.1 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to an increase in revenue of $22.6 million and a decrease in income taxes of ~~$1.8~~$0.9 million, ~~offset by an increase in provision for credit losses of $5.5 million, an increase in general and administrative expenses of $6.7 million, and an increase in interest expense of $6.7 million.~~

~~Revenue.~~Total revenue increased $22.6 million, or 11.3%, to $223.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $200.4 million during the prior-year period. The components of revenue are explained in greater detail below.

~~Interest and Fee Income~~.Interest and fee income increased $22.5 million, or 12.3%, to $205.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $182.7 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a 14.9% increase in average finance receivables, offset by a 0.7% decrease in average yield.

~~The following table sets forth the average finance receivables balance and average yield for our loan products:~~

   Average Finance Receivables for the Nine Months Ended Average Yields for the Nine Months Ended
In thousands    YTD 18    YTD 17    YoY %
Inc (Dec) YTD 18 YTD 17 YoY %
Inc (Dec)
Small loans
   $ 379,543    $ 351,204    8.1 % 40.2 % 42.4 % (2.2 )%
Large loans
   377,777    261,277    44.6 % 28.5 % 28.8 % (0.3 )%
Automobile loans
   45,041    82,313    (45.3 )% 15.7 % 16.4 % (0.7 )%
Retail loans
   31,676    31,389    0.9 % 18.9 % 18.4 % 0.5 %






Total interest and fee yield
   $ 834,037    $ 726,183    14.9 % 32.8 % 33.5 % (0.7 )%






Total revenue yield
   $ 834,037    $ 726,183    14.9 % 35.6 % 36.8 % (1.2 )%

Small loan yields decreased 2.2% compared to the prior-year period as more of our small loan customers have originated loans with larger balances and longer maturities, which typically are priced at lower interest rates. When compared to the prior-year period, large loan and retail loan yields decreased 0.3% and increased 0.5%, respectively, as a result of adjusted pricing that reflects current market conditions. Automobile loan yields decreased 0.7% compared to the prior-year period. We anticipate that the automobile loan yields will remain at the current level or decline due to higher-yielding loans paying off or renewing into large loans, leaving the lower-yielding loans in the liquidating automobile loan portfolio.

Since we began focusing on large loan growth in early 2015, the large loan portfolio has grown faster than the rest of our loan products, and we expect that this trend will continue in the future. Over time, large loan growth will change our product mix, which will reduce our total interest and fee yield.

~~The following table represents the amount of loan originations and refinancing, net of unearned finance charges:~~

   Net Loans Originated
In thousands    YTD 18    YTD 17    YTD $
Inc (Dec)    YTD%
Inc (Dec)
Small loans
   $ 451,423    $ 424,559    $ 26,864    6.3 %
Large loans
   293,369    249,251    44,118    17.7 %
Automobile loans
   —      18,404    (18,404 )    (100.0 )%
Retail loans
   19,986    20,522    (536 )    (2.6 )%








Total net loans originated
   $ 764,778    $ 712,736    $ 52,042    7.3 %

The hurricanes had estimated negative impacts on loan originations of $2.8 million and $3.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively. We believe that the small loan portfolio experienced most of these impacts.

~~The following table summarizes the components of interest and fee income:~~

   Components of Increase in Interest and Fee Income
YTD 18 Compared to YTD 17
Increase (Decrease)
In thousands    Volume    Rate    Volume & Rate    Net
Small loans
   $ 9,019    $ (5,876 )    $ (474 )    $ 2,669
Large loans
   25,145    (457 )    (204 )    24,484
Automobile loans
   (4,596 )    (460 )    208    (4,848 )
Retail loans
   40    105    1    146
Product mix
   (2,479 )    2,615    (136 )    —








Total increase in interest and fee income
   $ 27,129    $ (4,073 )    $ (605 )    $ 22,451

~~The $22.5 million increase in interest and fee income during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 from the prior-year period was primarily driven by finance receivables growth,~~ offset by a decrease in ~~yield, as illustrated in the table above. We expect future increases in interest and fee income to continue to be driven primarily from growth in our average finance receivables.~~

~~Insurance Income, Net~~.Insurance income, net decreased $0.8 million, or 8.2%, to $9.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $10.0 million during the prior-year period. Annualized insurance income, net represented 1.5% and 1.8% of average finance receivables during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively. During both the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, personal property insurance premiums represented the largest component of aggregate earned insurance premiums and~~non-file~~ ~~insurance claims expense represented the largest component of direct insurance expenses.~~

~~The following table summarizes the components of insurance income, net:~~

   Insurance Premiums and Direct Expenses
In thousands    YTD 18    YTD 17    YoY $
B(W)    YoY %
B(W)
Earned premiums
   $ 22,841    $ 18,630    $ 4,211    22.6 %
Claims, reserves, and certain direct expenses
   (13,672 )    (8,645 )    (5,027 )    (58.1 )%








Insurance income, net
   $ 9,169    $ 9,985    $ (816 )    (8.2 )%

Earned premiums and direct costs increased by $4.2 million and $5.0 million, respectively, compared to the prior-year period. The increase in earned premiums was primarily due to loan growth. The increase in direct costs was primarily due to a $1.7 million increase in~~non-file~~ ~~claims expense compared to the prior-year period, as well as a transition in insurance carriers. The transition in insurance carriers caused $1.1 million and $3.6 million ofnon-file~~ ~~insurance claims to impact net credit losses instead of insurance income, net during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively. The increase innon-file~~ ~~claims expense was primarily due to an increase in the severity ofnon-file~~ ~~claims. As large loans have become a larger percentage of our loan portfolio, the severity ofnon-file~~ ~~claims has increased.~~

~~As described above, thenon-file~~ insurance product has been operating at a loss that has been reflected in our insurance income, net. Effective in the fourth quarter of 2018, we are implementing a policy change that will reduce the amount of~~non-file~~ insurance claims that we file. This policy change will cause substantially offsetting increases to insurance income, net and net credit losses in future quarters. Therefore, we do not expect this change in policy to impact our profitability in future quarters. This policy change is described in greater detail in Note 3, “Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information, and Allowance for Credit Losses,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements”.

~~Other Income~~.Other income increased $1.0 million, or 12.6%, to $8.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $7.7 million during the prior-year period, due to a $0.9 million increase in commissions earned from the sale of our auto club product and a $0.3 million increase in loan deferral fee income. These increases were offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in income from late charges. The decrease in late charges was primarily due to large loans comprising a greater percentage of our total loan portfolio during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the prior-year period, and our expanded use of electronic payments to reduce early-stage delinquency. The most significant driver of late charges is average active accounts. Average active accounts increased 6.1% since September 30, 2017, while average finance receivables increased 14.9% since September 30, 2017. Annualized other income represented 1.3% and 1.5% of average finance receivables during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively. As large loans continue to represent a greater percentage of our total loan portfolio and we continue to leverage electronic payment options, we expect lower late charges per active account.

~~Provision for Credit Losses.~~Our provision for credit losses increased $5.5 million, or 9.5%, to $63.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $57.9 million during the prior-year period. The increase was due to an increase in net credit losses of $5.2 million and an increase related to two changes in estimates and a policy change that occurred in the third quarter of 2018, which collectively increased the provision for credit losses by $0.3 million in the current-year period. These three changes are described in greater detail in Note 3, “Finance Receivables, Credit Quality Information, and Allowance for Credit Losses,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1. “Financial Statements”.

The annualized provision for credit losses as a percentage of average finance receivables during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was 10.1%, compared to 10.6% during the prior-year period. The current-year period ratio included an incremental, hurricane-related provision for credit losses of $3.9 million (representing 0.6% of the current-year period ratio) and a $1.1 million impact associated with the temporary shift of insurance claims into net credit losses during a transition in our insurance provider (representing 0.2% of the current-year period ratio). The prior-year period ratio included an incremental, hurricane-related provision for credit losses of $3.0 million (representing 0.5% of the prior-year period ratio) and a $3.6 million impact associated with the temporary shift of insurance claims into net credit losses during a transition in our insurance provider (representing 0.7% of the prior-year period ratio), offset by a $1.0 benefit associated with the 2017 bulk sale (representing a 0.2% benefit to the prior-year period ratio).

~~The increase in the provision for credit losses is explained in greater detail below.~~

~~Hurricane Impact.~~ Our provision for credit losses was impacted by increases to the allowance for credit losses of $3.9 million and $3.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively. These impacts related to estimated incremental credit losses on customer accounts impacted by the hurricanes.

~~Bulk Sale.~~~~We recognized a recovery of $1.0 million during the prior-year period from the 2017 bulk sale. These accounts had been excluded from prior salesof charged-off loans.~~

~~Net Credit Losses.~~ Net credit losses increased $5.2 million, or 10.1%, to $57.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $51.7 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to a $107.9 million increase in average finance receivables over the prior-year period and $1.9 million of net credit losses in the current-year period that were a result of the hurricanes that impacted our branches in August 2017. Annualized net credit losses as a percentage of average finance receivables were 9.1% during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to 9.5% during the prior-year period. The current-year period ratio reflected the $1.9 million increase in net credit losses as a result of the 2017 hurricanes (representing 0.3% of the current-year period ratio) and the temporary shift of $1.1 million of~~non-file~~ ~~insurance claims into net credit losses (representing 0.2% of the current-year period ratio). The prior-year period ratio reflected the temporary shift of $3.6 million ofnon-file~~ insurance claims into net credit losses (representing 0.7% of the prior-year period ratio), offset by the $1.0 million benefit from the 2017 bulk sale (representing a 0.2% benefit to the prior-year period ratio).

~~In addition, as described above, thenon-file~~ insurance that we purchase protects us from credit losses where, following an event of default, we are unable to take possession of personal property collateral because our security interest is not perfected. In those circumstances,~~non-file~~ insurance generally will pay to us an amount equal to the lesser of the loan balance or the collateral value, with such claims payment lowering our net credit losses. The benefit to net credit losses associated with~~non-file~~ ~~insurance claims payments as an annualized percentage of average finance receivables was 1.1% and 0.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the prior-year period, respectively:~~

   Non-File Insurance Impact on
Net Credit Loss Rates
   YTD 18 YTD 17
Annualized net credit losses
   9.1 % 9.5 %
Annualizednon-file benefit
   1.1 % 0.7 %

~~General and Administrative Expenses.~~Our general and administrative expenses, comprising expenses for personnel, occupancy, marketing, and other expenses, increased $6.7 million, or 6.9%, to $103.7 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $96.9 million during the prior-year period. Our receivable efficiency ratio (annualized general and administrative expenses as a percentage of average finance receivables) decreased to 16.6% during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from 17.8% during the prior-year period. We believe that our receivable efficiency ratio will continue to decline in future years as we continue to grow our loan portfolio and control expense growth. The absolute dollar increase in general and administrative expenses is explained in greater detail below.

~~Personnel.~~The largest component of general and administrative expenses is personnel expense, which increased $5.9 million, or 10.5%, to $62.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $56.1 million during the prior-year period. Labor expense increased $3.9 million due to added headcount in our information technology department and centralized late-stage collections department, and an increase in branch headcount to effectively service active account growth since September 30, 2017. Corporate incentive compensation expense increased $2.1 million compared to the prior-year period primarily due to the 2018 annual grant of awards (which have three-year performance targets) under our long-term incentive plan.

~~Occupancy.~~ Occupancy expenses increased $0.4 million, or 2.5%, to $16.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $16.2 million during the prior-year period. The increase was due to costs related to branch relocations, remodels, and maintenance. Additionally, we frequently experience increases in rent, leasehold improvements, and computer equipment expense as we renew existing branch leases.

~~Marketing.~~ Marketing expenses increased $0.6 million, or 10.5%, to $5.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $5.3 million during the prior-year period. The increase was due to increased convenience check mailings and expanded digital marketing.

~~Other Expenses.~~ Other expenses decreased $0.1 million, or 0.7%, to $19.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $19.4 million during the prior-year period. We experienced several offsetting changes in other expenses during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, compared to the prior-year period, including a decrease of $0.8 million of costs related to the implementation of our loan management system and a $0.6 million decrease in legal and settlement expenses. These decreases were offset by a $0.9 million increase in bank card processing fees and a $0.3 million increase in collections-related expenses.

~~Interest Expense.~~Interest expense on long-term debt increased $6.7 million, or 39.4%, to $23.8 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $17.1 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to increases in the average balance of our long-term debt facilities from finance receivable growth, an increase in interest rates, an increase in unused line fees, and additional debt issuance cost amortization. The average cost of our total long-term debt increased 0.87% to 5.51% during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from 4.64% during the prior-year period. The average cost of our long-term debt has increased as we have diversified our long-term funding sources.

~~Income Taxes.~~Income taxes decreased $1.8 million, or 19.6%, to $7.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2018, from $9.4 million during the prior-year period. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction in our effective tax rate during the nine months ended September 30, 2018 as a result of the Tax Act, offset by tax benefits related to the exercise of stock options during the prior-year period and an increase in income before taxes of $3.7 million in the current-year period. The Tax Act makes changes to U.S. tax law, including a reduction in the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%.options. Our effective tax rates were 23.5% and ~~32.9%~~23.6% for the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and the prior-year period, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary cash needs relate to the funding of our lending activities and, to a lesser extent, expenditures relating to improving our technology infrastructure and expanding and maintaining our branch locations. In connection with our plans to improve our technology infrastructure and to expand our branch network in future years, we expect to incur approximately ~~$7.0~~$9.0 million to ~~$10.0~~$12.0 million of expenditures annually. We have historically financed, and plan to continue to finance, our short-term and long-term operating liquidity and capital needs through a combination of cash flows from operations and borrowings under our senior revolving credit facility, revolving warehouse credit facility, amortizing loan, and, more recently, an asset-backed securitization ~~transaction, each~~transactions, all of which isare described below. ~~The Company~~We had a fundeddebt-to-equity ratio of ~~2.3~~2.4 to 1.0 and a shareholder equity ratio of ~~29.9%~~28.4% as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

We believe that cash flow from our operations and borrowings under our long-term debt facilities will be adequate to fund our business for the next twelve months, including initial operating losses of new branches and finance receivable growth of new and existing branches. From time to time, we have extended the maturity date of and increased the borrowing limits under our senior revolving credit facility. While we have successfully obtained such extensions and increases in the past, there can be no assurance that we will be able to do so if and when needed in the future. In addition, the revolving periods of our warehouse credit facility, ~~and our~~ RMIT2018-1 securitization, and RMIT2018-2 securitization (each as described below) end in February 2020, June 2020, and ~~June~~December 2020, respectively. There can be no assurance that we will be able to secure an extension of the warehouse credit facility or close additional securitization transactions if and when needed in the future.

In May 2019, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of our outstanding shares of common stock. The authorization was effective immediately and extends through May 6, 2021. Stock repurchases under the program may be made in the open market at prevailing market prices, through privately negotiated transactions, or through other structures in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, at times and in amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and the amount of any common stock repurchases will be determined by our management based on its evaluation of market conditions, our liquidity needs, legal and contractual requirements and restrictions (including covenants in our credit agreements), share price, and other factors. The repurchase program does not obligate us to purchase any particular number of shares and may be suspended, modified, or discontinued at any time without prior notice. We intend to fund the program with a combination of cash and debt. As of June 30, 2019, we had repurchased 285 thousand shares of our common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $7.1 million.

We are continuing to seek ways to diversify our long-term funding sources, though new funding sources may be more expensive than our existing funding sources.

Cash Flow.

Operating Activities.Net cash provided by operating activities increased ~~by $21.6~~$6.5 million, or ~~25.9%~~10.8%, to ~~$104.8~~$66.6 million during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, from ~~$83.2~~$60.1 million during the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to ~~the growth in our business described above, which produced~~ an increase in net income before provision for credit ~~losses.~~losses, offset by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses.

Investing Activities.Investing activities consist of originations and purchases of finance receivables, purchases of intangible assets, and purchases of property and equipment for new and existing branches. Net cash used in investing activities during the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~$132.0~~$94.7 million, compared to ~~$117.8~~$72.8 million during the prior-year period, a net increase of ~~$14.1~~$21.9 million. The increase in cash used was primarily due to increased net originations of finance receivables.

Financing Activities.Financing activities consist of borrowings and payments on our outstanding ~~indebtedness and issuances of common stock.~~indebtedness. During the ~~nine~~six months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, net cash provided by financing activities was ~~$35.0 million, a decrease of $5.9~~$20.5 million, compared to ~~$40.9~~$19.9 million during the prior-year ~~period.~~period, a net increase of $0.6 million. The ~~decrease~~increase in cash provided was primarily a result of an increase in net ~~payments and a decrease in net advances of $156.8 million. These decreases were offset by~~ advances on ~~the RMIT2018-1~~ ~~securitization~~debt instruments of ~~$150.2~~$4.5 million and a decrease in ~~taxes paid related to share settlement~~payments for debt issuance costs of ~~equity awards~~$3.3 million, offset by a $7.1 million increase in cash used in the repurchase of ~~$1.1 million.~~our common stock.

Financing Arrangements.

Senior Revolving Credit Facility.In June 2017, we amended and restated our senior revolving credit facility to, among other things, increase the availability under the facility from $585 million to $638 million and extend the maturity of the facility from August 2019 to June 2020. The facility has an accordion provision that allows for the expansion of the facility to $700 million. Excluding the receivables held by our ~~variable interest entities,~~VIEs, the senior revolving credit facility is secured by substantially all of our finance receivables and equity interests of the majority of our subsidiaries. Advances on the senior revolving credit facility are capped at 85% of eligible secured finance receivables and 70% of eligible unsecured finance receivables. These advance rates are subject to adjustment at certain credit quality levels ~~(83%~~(81% of eligible secured finance receivables and ~~68%~~66% of eligible unsecured finance receivables as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018)~~2019). As of June 30, 2019, we had $67.7 million of eligible borrowing capacity under the facility. Borrowings under the facility bear interest, payable monthly, at rates equal to LIBOR of a maturity we elect between one and six months(one-month LIBOR was ~~2.26%~~2.40% as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018)~~2019), with a LIBOR floor of 1.00%, plus a 3.00% margin, increasing to 3.25% when the availability percentage is below 10%. Alternatively, we may pay interest at the prime rate ~~(5.25%~~(5.50% as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018)~~2019) plus a 2.00% margin, increasing to 2.25% when the availability percentage is below 10%. We also pay an unused line fee of 0.50% per annum, payable monthly. This fee decreases to 0.375% when the average outstanding balance exceeds $413.0 million.

Our long-term debt under the senior revolving credit facility was ~~$352.7~~$345.6 million as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018, and the amount available for borrowing, but not yet advanced, was $76.5 million. A year or more in~~2019. In advance of its June 2020 maturity date, we intend to extend the maturity date of the amended and restated senior revolving credit facility or take other appropriate action to address repayment upon maturity. See Part II, Item ~~1A.~~1A, “Risk Factors” and the filings referenced therein for a discussion of risks related to our amended and restated senior revolving credit facility, including refinancing risk.

Variable Interest Entity Debt.As part of our overall funding strategy, we have transferred certain finance receivables to affiliated ~~SPEs~~VIEs for asset-backed financing transactions, including securitizations. The following debt arrangements are issued by our ~~SPEs,~~wholly-owned, bankruptcy-remote, special purpose entities, which are considered VIEs under GAAP and are consolidated into the financial statements of their primary beneficiary. We are considered to be the primary beneficiary because we have (i) power over the significant activities through our role as servicer of the finance receivables under each debt arrangement and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive returns that could be significant through our interest in the monthly residual cash flows of the SPEs after each debt is paid.

These long-term debts are supported by the expected cash flows from the underlying collateralized finance receivables. Collections on these finance receivables ~~purchased~~are remitted to restricted cash collection accounts, which totaled $29.3 million and $33.5 million as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. Cash inflows from ~~our affiliated companies.~~ the finance receivables are distributed to the lenders/investors, the service providers, and/or the residual interest that we own in accordance with a monthly contractual priority of payments. The SPEs pay a servicing fee to us, which is eliminated in consolidation. Distributions from the SPEs to us are permitted under the debt arrangements.

At each sale of receivables from our affiliates to the SPEs, we make certain representations and warranties about the quality and nature of the collateralized receivables. The debt arrangements require us to repurchase the receivables ~~from the SPEs~~ in certain circumstances, including circumstances in which the representations and warranties made by us concerning the quality and characteristics of the receivables are inaccurate. Assets transferred to SPEs are legally isolated from ~~each of~~us and our ~~other affiliated companies (including Regional Management Corp.)~~affiliates, and ~~from~~ the claims of ~~such affiliated companies’~~our and our affiliates’ creditors. Further, the assets of ~~the SPEs~~each SPE are owned by such SPE and are not available to satisfy the debts or other obligations of ~~affiliated companies. The lenders and investors in the debt issued by the SPEs generally only have recourse to the assets~~us or any of ~~the SPEs and do not have recourse to the general credit of any other affiliated company.~~our affiliates. See Part II, Item ~~1A.~~1A, “Risk Factors” and the filings referenced therein for a discussion of risks related to our variable interest entity debt.

Amortizing Loan.In November 2017, we and our wholly-owned SPE, RMR I, amended and restated the December 2015 credit agreement that provided for a $75.7 million asset-backed, amortizing loan. The amended and restated credit agreement provided for an additional advance in the amount of $37.8 million and extended the maturity date to December 2024. The debt is secured by finance receivables and other related assets that we purchased from our ~~affiliated companies.~~affiliates, which we then sold and transferred to RMR I. Advances on ~~this debt~~the loan were capped at ~~a rate~~88% of ~~88%.~~eligible finance receivables. RMR I held $1.3 million in restricted cash reserves as of June 30, 2019 to satisfy provisions of the credit agreement. Borrowings previously bore interest, payable monthly, at a rate of 3.00%. In February 2018, ~~we agreed to lower~~ the advance rate lowered to 85% and ~~increase~~ the interest rate increased to 3.25%. The credit agreement allows us to prepay the loan when the outstanding balance falls below 20% of the original loan amount. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, our long-term debt under the credit agreement was ~~$26.7~~$12.3 million.

Revolving Warehouse Credit Facility.In August 2018, we and our wholly-owned SPE, RMR II, amended the June 2017 credit agreement that ~~provided~~provides for a $125 million revolving warehouse credit facility to RMR II. The amendment extended the date at which the facility converts to an amortizing loan and the termination date to February 2020 and February 2021, respectively. The facility has an accordion provision that allows for the expansion of the facility to $150 million. We elected to expand the facility to $150 million from May 2018 to August 2018. ~~The amendment extended the date at which the facility converts to an amortizing loan and the termination date to February 2020 and February 2021, respectively.~~ The debt is secured by finance receivables and other related assets that we purchased from our affiliates, which we then sold and transferred to RMR II. Advances on the facility are capped at 80% of eligible finance receivables. ~~RMR II held $1.0 million in restricted cash reserves as of September 30, 2018 to satisfy provisions of the credit agreement.~~ Borrowings under the facility previously bore interest, payable monthly, at a blended rate equal to three-month LIBOR, plus a margin of 3.50%. In October 2017 and February 2018, the margin decreased to 3.25% and 3.00%, respectively, following the satisfaction of milestones associated with our conversion to a new loan origination and servicing system. The August 2018 amendment to the credit agreement further decreased the margin to 2.20%. The three-month LIBOR was ~~2.40%~~2.32% and ~~1.69%~~2.81% at ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. RMR II pays an unused commitment fee of between 0.35% and 0.85% based upon the average daily utilization of the facility. We intend to seek an extension of the maturity date of the facility before February 2020. As of June 30, 2019, our long-term debt under the credit facility was $50.9 million.

RMIT2018-1 Securitization. In June 2018, we, our wholly-owned SPE, RMR III, and our indirect wholly-owned SPE, RMIT2018-1, completed a private offering and sale of $150 million of asset-backed notes. The transaction consisted of the issuance of three classes of fixed-rate asset-backed ~~notes.~~notes by RMIT2018-1. The asset-backed notes are secured by finance receivables and other related assets that RMR III purchased from us, which RMR III then sold and transferred to RMIT2018-1. The notes have a revolving period ending in June 2020, with a final maturity date in July 2027. ~~The debt is secured by finance receivables originated by our affiliated companies.~~ Borrowings under the RMIT2018-1 securitization bear interest, payable monthly, at a ~~weighted average~~weighted-average rate of 3.93%. Prior to maturity in July 2027, we may redeem the notes in full, but not in part, at our option on any note payment date on or after the payment date occurring in July 2020. No payments of principal of the notes will be made during the revolving period. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, our long-term debt under the securitization was $150.2 million.

RMIT2018-2 Securitization. In December 2018, we, our wholly-owned SPE, RMR III, and our indirect wholly-owned SPE, RMIT2018-2, completed a private offering and sale of $130 million of asset-backed notes. The transaction consisted of the issuance of four classes of fixed-rate asset-backed notes by RMIT2018-2. The asset-backed notes are secured by finance receivables and other related assets that RMR III purchased from us, which RMR III then sold and transferred to RMIT2018-2. The notes have a revolving period ending in December 2020, with a final maturity date in January 2028. Borrowings under the RMIT2018-2 securitization bear interest, payable monthly, at a weighted-average rate of 4.87%. Prior to maturity in January 2028, we may redeem the notes in full, but not in part, at our option on any note payment date on or after the payment date occurring in January 2021. No payments of principal of the notes will be made during the revolving period. As of June 30, 2019, our long-term debt under the securitization was $130.3 million.

Our debt arrangements are subject to certain covenants, including monthly and annual reporting, maintenance of specified interest coverage and debt ratios, restrictions on distributions, limitations on other indebtedness, maintenance of a minimum allowance for credit losses, and certain other restrictions. At ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.

We expect that the LIBOR reference rate will be phased out by the end of 2021. Both our senior revolving credit facility and revolving warehouse credit facility use LIBOR as a benchmark in determining the cost of funds borrowed. We plan to work with our banking partners to modify our credit agreements to contemplate the cessation of the LIBOR reference rate. We will also work to identify a replacement rate to LIBOR and look to adjust the pricing structure of our facilities as needed.

Restricted Cash Reserve Accounts.

Amortizing Loan. As required under the credit agreement governing the amortizing loan, we deposited $3.7 million of cash proceeds into a restricted cash reserve account at closing. The reserve requirement decreased to $1.7 million in June 2016 following our satisfaction of certain provisions of the credit agreement. The credit agreement was amended and restated in November 2017 with a cash reserve requirement of $1.3 million, which will remain until the termination of the facility. The amortizing loan is supported by the expected cash flows from the underlying collateralized finance receivables. Collections are remitted to a restricted cash collection account, which totaled $1.1 million as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

Revolving Warehouse Credit Facility. The credit agreement governing the revolving warehouse credit facility requires that we maintain a 1% cash reserve based upon the ending finance receivables balance of the facility. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the warehouse facility cash reserve requirement totaled ~~$1.0~~$0.6 million. The warehouse facility is supported by the expected cash flows from the underlying collateralized finance receivables. Collections are remitted to a restricted cash collection account, which totaled ~~$4.9~~$2.6 million as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

RMIT2018-1 Securitization. As required under the transaction documents governing the RMIT2018-1 ~~Securitization,~~securitization, we deposited $1.7 million of cash proceeds into a restricted cash reserve account at closing. The securitization is supported by the expected cash flows from the underlying collateralized finance receivables. Collections are remitted to a restricted cash collection account, which totaled ~~$12.4~~$14.1 million as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

RMIT2018-2 Securitization.As required under the transaction documents governing the RMIT2018-2 securitization, we deposited $1.4 million of cash proceeds into a restricted cash reserve account at closing. The securitization is supported by the expected cash flows from the underlying collateralized finance receivables. Collections are remitted to a restricted cash collection account, which totaled $11.5 million as of June 30, 2019.

RMC Reinsurance. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, RMC Reinsurance, Ltd., is required to maintain cash reserves ~~($7.0 million as of September 30, 2018)~~ against life insurance policies ceded to it, as determined by the ceding ~~company, and has also purchased a $0.1 million cash-collateralized letter~~company. As of ~~credit in favor of the ceding company.~~June 30, 2019, cash reserves for reinsurance were $7.5 million.

Interest Rate Caps.

As a component of our strategy to manage the interest rate risk associated with future interest payments on our variable-rate debt, we have purchased interest rate cap contracts. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, we held ~~four~~three interest rate cap contracts with an aggregate notional principal amount of ~~$400.0~~$350.0 million. The interest rate caps have maturities of ~~March 2019 ($50.0 million, 2.50% strike rate),~~ April 2020 ($100.0 million, 3.25% strike rate), June 2020 ($50.0 million, 2.50% strike rate), and April 2021 ($200.0 million, 3.50% strike rate). As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, theone-month LIBOR was ~~2.26%~~2.40%. When theone-month LIBOR exceeds the strike rate, the counterparty reimburses us for the excess over the strike rate. No payment is required by us or the counterparty when theone-month LIBOR is below the strike rate.

~~Off-Balance~~ ~~Sheet Arrangements~~

Our wholly-owned subsidiary, RMC Reinsurance, Ltd., is required to maintain cash reserves against life insurance policies ceded to it, as determined by the ceding company. As of September 30, 2018, the cash reserves were $7.0 million. We have also purchased a cash collateralized letter of credit in favor of the ceding company. As of September 30, 2018, the letter of credit was $0.1 million.

Impact of Inflation

Our results of operations and financial condition are presented based on historical cost, except for interest rate caps, which are carried at fair value. While it is difficult to accurately measure the impact of inflation due to the imprecise nature of the estimates required, we believe the effects of inflation, if any, on our results of operations and financial condition have been immaterial.

Critical Accounting Policies

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP and conform to general practices within the consumer finance industry. The preparation of these financial statements requires estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities for the periods indicated in the financial statements. Management bases estimates on historical experience and other assumptions it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances and evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

We set forth below those material accounting policies that we believe are the most critical to an ~~investor’s~~ understanding of our financial results and condition and that involve a higher degree of complexity and management judgment.

Credit Losses.

Provisions for credit losses are charged to income as losses are estimated to have occurred and in amounts sufficient to maintain an allowance for credit losses at an adequate level to provide for future losses on our finance receivables. We charge credit losses against the allowance when the account becomes 180 days delinquent, subject to certain exceptions. Our policy fornon-titled accounts in a confirmed bankruptcy is to charge them off at 60 days delinquent, subject to certain exceptions. Deceased borrower accounts are charged off in the month following the proper notification of passing, with the exception of borrowers with credit life insurance. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. Loss experience, the loss emergence period, contractual delinquency of finance receivables by loan type, the value of underlying collateral, and management’s judgment are factors used in assessing the overall adequacy of the allowance and the resulting provision for credit losses. While management uses the best information available to make its evaluation, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary if there are significant changes in economic conditions or loan portfolio performance. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revisions as more information becomes available.

We initiate repossession proceedings when, in the opinion of management, the customer is unlikely to make further payments. We sell substantially all repossessed vehicle inventory through sales conducted by independent automobile auction organizations after the required post-repossession waiting period. Losses on the sale of repossessed collateral are charged to the allowance for credit losses.

The allowance for credit losses consists of general and specific components. The general component of the allowance estimates credit losses for groups of finance receivables on a collective basis and relates to probable incurred losses of unimpaired finance receivables. ~~Prior to September 30, 2016, the general component of the allowance was primarily based on historical loss rates. Effective September 30, 2016, it is based on delinquency roll rates.~~ Our finance receivable types are stratified by delinquency stages, and the future monthly delinquency profiles and credit losses are projected forward using historical delinquency roll rates. We record a general allowance for credit losses that includes forecasted future credit losses over the estimated loss emergence period (the interval of time between the event which caused a borrower to default and our recording of the credit loss) for each finance receivable type.

We adjust the computed roll rate forecast as described above for qualitative factors based on an assessment of internal and external influences on credit quality that are not fully reflected in the roll rate forecast. Those qualitative factors include trends in growth in the loan portfolio, delinquency, unemployment, bankruptcy, operational risks, and other economic trends.

The specific component of the allowance for credit losses relates to impaired finance receivables, which include accounts for which a customer has initiated a bankruptcy filing and finance receivables that have been modified under our loss mitigation policies. Finance receivables that have been modified are accounted for as troubled debt restructurings. At the time of the bankruptcy filing or restructuring pursuant to a loss mitigation policy, a specific valuation allowance is established for such finance receivables within the allowance for credit losses. We compute the estimated loss on our impaired loans by discounting the projected cash flows at the original contract rates on the loan using the terms imposed by the bankruptcy court or restructured by us. This method is applied in the aggregate to each of our four classes of loans. In making the computations of the present value of cash payments to be received on impaired accounts in each product category, we use the weighted-average interest rates and weighted-average remaining term based on data as of each balance sheet date.

For customers in a confirmed Chapter 13 bankruptcy plan, we reduce the interest rate to that specified in the bankruptcy order and we receive payments with respect to the remaining amount of the loan from the bankruptcy trustee. For customers who recently filed for Chapter 13 bankruptcy, we generally do not receive any payments until their bankruptcy plan is confirmed by the court. If the customers have made payments to the trustee in advance of plan confirmation, we may receive a lump sum payment from the trustee once the plan is confirmed. This lump sum payment represents ourpro-rata share of the amount paid by the customer. If a customer fails to comply with the terms of the bankruptcy order, we will petition the trustee to have the customer dismissed from bankruptcy. Upon dismissal, we restore the account to the original terms and pursue collection through our normal loan servicing activities.

If a customer files for bankruptcy under Chapter 7 of the bankruptcy code, the bankruptcy court has the authority to cancel the customer’s debt. If a vehicle secures a Chapter 7 bankruptcy account, the customer has the option of surrendering the vehicle, buying the vehicle at fair value, or reaffirming the loan and continuing to pay the loan.

The FASB issued an accounting update in June 2016 to change the impairment model for estimating credit losses on financial assets. The current incurred loss impairment model requires the recognition of credit losses when it is probable that a loss has been incurred. The incurred loss model will be replaced by an expected loss model, which requires entities to estimate the lifetime expected credit loss on such instruments and to record an allowance to offset the amortized cost basis of the financial asset. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. We believe the implementation of the accounting update will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements, and we are in the process of quantifying the potential impacts. See Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1, “Financial Statements” for more information on this new accounting standard.

Income Recognition.

Interest income is recognized using the interest method (constant yield method). Therefore, we recognize revenue from interest at an equal rate over the term of the loan. Unearned finance charges onpre-compute contracts are rebated to customers utilizing statutory methods, which in many cases is thesum-of-the-years’ digits method. The difference between income recognized under the constant yield method and the statutory method is recognized as an adjustment to interest income at the time of rebate. Accrual of interest income on finance receivables is suspended when an account becomes 90 days delinquent. If the account is charged off, the accrued interest income is reversed as a reduction of interest and fee income.

We recognize income on credit life insurance, credit property insurance, and automobile insurance using thesum-of-the-years’ digits or straight-line methods over the terms of the policies. We recognize income on credit accident and health insurance using the average of thesum-of-the-years’ digits and the straight-line methods over the terms of the policies. We recognize income on ~~credit-related property and automobile insurance using the straight-line orsum-of-the-years’~~ ~~digits methods over the terms of the policies. We recognize income on credit-related~~credit involuntary unemployment insurance using the straight-line method over the terms of the policies. Rebates are computed using statutory methods, which in many cases match the GAAP method, and where it does not match, the difference between the GAAP method and the statutory method is recognized in income at the time of rebate. Fee income for~~non-filing~~non-file insurance is recognized using thesum-of-the-years’ digits method over the loan term.

We ~~defer~~deferred fees charged to automobile dealers and recognize income using the constant yield method for indirect loans and the straight-line method for direct loans over the lives of the respective loans.

Charges for late fees are recognized as income when collected.

Share-Based Compensation.

We measure compensation cost for share-based awards at estimated fair value and recognize compensation expense over the service period for awards expected to vest. We use the closing stock price on the date of grant as the fair value of restricted stock awards. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The Black-Scholes model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, and expected life, changes to which can materially affect the fair value estimate. We estimate volatility using our historical stock prices. The risk-free rate is based on the zero coupon U.S. Treasury bond rate for the expected term of the award on the grant date. The expected term is calculated by using the simplified method (average of the vesting and original contractual terms) due to insufficient historical data to estimate the expected term. In addition, the estimation of share-based awards that will ultimately vest requires judgment, and to the extent actual results or updated estimates differ from current estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are revised.

Income Taxes.

We record a tax provision for the anticipated tax consequences of our reported operating results. The provision for income taxes is computed using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effects of future tax rate changes are recognized in the period when the enactment of new rates occurs.

We recognize the financial statement effects of a tax position when it is more likely than not that, based on technical merits, the position will be sustained upon examination. The tax benefits of the position recognized in the consolidated financial statements are then measured based on the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement with a taxing authority. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, we had not taken any tax position that exceeds the amount described above.

Pursuant to the adoption of an accounting standard update issued in March 2016 and effective ~~for~~beginning in fiscal year 2017, we recognize the tax benefits or deficiencies from the exercise or vesting of share-based awards in the income tax line of our consolidated statements of income. These tax benefits and deficiencies were previously recognized within additionalpaid-in-capital on our consolidated balance sheet.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1.1, “Financial Statements” for a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements, including information on new accounting standards and the future adoption of such standards.

ITEM 3.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET ~~RISK.~~RISK.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect our results of operations and financial condition. We originate finance receivables at either prevailing market rates or at statutory limits. Our finance receivables are structured on a fixed rate, fixed term basis. Accordingly, subject to statutory limits, our ability to react to changes in prevailing market rates is dependent upon the speed at which our customers pay off or renew loans in our existing loan portfolio, which allows us to originate new loans at prevailing market rates. Our loan portfolio turns over approximately 1.2 times per year from payments, renewals, and net credit losses. Because our ~~automobile~~large loans have longer maturities than our small loans and typically ~~are not refinanced prior to maturity,~~renew at a slower rate than our small loans, the rate of turnover of the loan portfolio may change as ~~these~~our large loans change as a percentage of our portfolio.

We also are exposed to changes in interest rates as a result of ~~our~~certain borrowing activities. As of June 30, 2019, the interest rates on 42.5% of our long-term debt (the amortizing loan, RMIT2018-1 securitization, and RMIT2018-2 securitization) were fixed. We maintain liquidity and fund our business operations in ~~large~~ part through variable-rate borrowings under a senior revolving credit facility and a revolving warehouse credit facility. At ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the ~~outstanding~~ balances ~~under~~of the senior revolving credit facility and the revolving warehouse credit facility were ~~$502.9~~$345.6 million and ~~$82.0~~$50.9 million, respectively. ~~The interest rate that we pay on each of these credit facilities is a variable rate.~~

Borrowings under the senior revolving credit facility bear interest, payable monthly, at a rate equal to LIBOR of a maturity we elect between one and six months, with a LIBOR floor of 1.00%, plus a margin of 3.00%, increasing to 3.25% when the availability percentage is below 10%. Alternatively, we may pay interest under the senior revolving credit facility at a rate based on the prime rate, plus a margin of 2.00%, increasing to 2.25% when the availability percentage is below 10%. Borrowings under the revolving warehouse credit facility previously bore interest, payable monthly, at a blended rate equal to three-month LIBOR, plus a margin of 3.50%. Effective October 2017 and February 2018, the revolving warehouse credit facility margin decreased to 3.25% and 3.00%, respectively, following the satisfaction of milestones associated with our conversion to a new loan origination and servicing system. In August 2018, in connection with an amendment and extension of the revolving warehouse credit facility, the margin further decreased to 2.20%. As of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018, our~~2019, the LIBOR rates under the senior revolving credit facility and the revolving warehouse credit facility were ~~2.26%~~2.40% and ~~2.40%~~2.32%, respectively.

Interest rates on borrowings under the senior revolving credit facility and the revolving warehouse credit facility were approximately 5.32% and 5.52%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, including, in each case, an unused line fee. Based on the LIBOR rates and the outstanding balances at September 30, 2018, an increase of 100 basis points in LIBOR rates would result in approximately $4.3 million of increased interest expense on an annual basis, in the aggregate, under these LIBOR-based borrowings. The nature and amount of our debt may vary as a result of future business requirements, market conditions, and other factors.

We have purchased interest rate caps to manage the risk associated with an aggregate notional ~~$400.0~~$350.0 million of our LIBOR-based borrowings. These interest rate caps are based on theone-month LIBOR and reimburse us for the difference when theone-month LIBOR exceeds the strike rate. The interest rate caps have maturities of ~~March 2019 ($50.0 million, 2.50% strike rate),~~ April 2020 ($100.0 million, 3.25% strike rate), June 2020 ($50.0 million, 2.50% strike rate), and April 2021 ($200.0 million, 3.50% strike rate).

Effective interest rates for borrowings under the senior revolving credit facility and the revolving warehouse credit facility were 5.98% and 6.53%, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2019, including, in each case, an unused line fee. Based on the LIBOR rates and the outstanding balances at June 30, 2019, an increase of 100 basis points in LIBOR rates would result in approximately $4.0 million of increased interest expense on an annual basis, in the aggregate, under these LIBOR-based borrowings. Our interest rate cap coverage at June 30, 2019 would reduce this increased expense by approximately $0.6 million on an annual basis.

The nature and amount of our debt may vary as a result of future business requirements, market conditions, and other factors.

ITEM 4.

CONTROLS AND ~~PROCEDURES.~~PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules13a-15(e) and15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial ~~officers,~~officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of ~~September~~June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost–benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Changes in Internal Control

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in management’s evaluation pursuant to Rules13a-15(d) or15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

The Company is involved in various legal proceedings and related actions that have arisen in the ordinary course of its business that have not been fully adjudicated. The Company’s management does not believe that these matters, when ultimately concluded and determined, will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, liquidity, or results of operations.

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS.

There have been no material changes to our risk factors from those included in our Annual Report on Form10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2017 and in our Quarterly Report on Form10-Q~~ ~~for the fiscal quarter ended June 30,~~ 2018. In addition to the other information set forth in this report and in our other reports and statements that we file with the SEC, you should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2017 (which was filed with the SEC on February 23, 2018) and in Part II, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Quarterly Report on Form10-Q~~ ~~for the fiscal quarter ended June 30,~~ 2018 (which was filed with the SEC on ~~August 6, 2018)~~March 8, 2019), which could materially affect our business, financial condition, and/or future operating results. The risks described in our Annual Report on Form10-K and Quarterly Reports on Form10-Q are not the only risks facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to the Company or that the Company currently deems to be immaterial also may materially and adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition, and/or operating results.

ITEM 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

The following table provides information regarding the Company’s repurchase of its common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2019.


	Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Weighted-Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program		Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program*
April 1, 2019 – April 30, 2019		—	$	—		—	$	—
May 1, 2019 – May 31, 2019		36,342		24.26		36,342	$	24,118,324
June 1, 2019 – June 30, 2019		248,862		25.13		248,862	$	17,865,184

Total		285,204	$	25.02		285,204

On May 8, 2019, the Company announced that its Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $25.0 million of the Company’s outstanding shares of common stock. The authorization was effective immediately and extends through May 6, 2021. Stock repurchases under the program may be made in the open market at prevailing market prices, through privately negotiated transactions, or through other structures in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, at times and in amounts as management deems appropriate. The timing and the amount of common stock repurchases will be determined by the Company’s management based on its evaluation of market conditions, the Company’s liquidity needs, legal and contractual requirements and restrictions (including covenants in the Company’s credit agreements), share price, and other factors. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any particular number of shares and may be suspended, modified, or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

ITEM 6.

EXHIBITS.

Exhibit
Incorporated by Reference
   Filed
Number

Exhibit Description

Form

File No.

Exhibit

Filing Date

Herewith
10.1    Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement, dated August 30, 2018, by and among Regional Management Receivables II, LLC, as borrower, Regional Management Corp., as servicer, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, the agents from time to time parties thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, Credit Suisse AG, New York Branch, as structuring and syndication agent, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as account bank, image file custodian, and backup servicer.    8-K    001-35477    10.1    09/06/2018
31.1    Rule13a-14(a) /15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer    —      —      —      —      X
31.2    Rule13a-14(a) /15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer    —      —      —      —      X
32.1    Section 1350 Certifications    —      —      —      —      X
101    The following materials from our Quarterly Report on Form10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements    —      —      —      —      X

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit

Number

Exhibit Description

Filed
Herewith

Form

File
Number

Exhibit

Filing
Date

31.1

Rule13a-14(a) /15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer

31.2

Rule13a-14(a) /15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer

32.1

Section 1350 Certifications

101

The following materials from our Quarterly Report on Form10-Q for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and the year ended December 31, 2018; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018; and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

4442


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2018				2017 (1)
In thousands	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment
Small loans	$	6,785	$	234	$	4,190
Large loans		13,193		340		8,414
Automobile loans		1,315		3		1,896
Retail loans		122		1		114

Total	$	21,415	$	578	$	14,614


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2018				2017 (1)
In thousands	Average Recorded Investment		Interest Income Recognized		Average Recorded Investment
Small loans	$	6,193	$	733	$	3,629
Large loans		12,207		1,094		7,747
Automobile loans		1,496		55		2,157
Retail loans		108		6		107

Total	$	20,004	$	1,888	$	13,640


	Average Finance Receivables for the Nine Months Ended							Average Yields for the Nine Months Ended
In thousands	YTD 18		YTD 17		YoY % Inc (Dec)			YTD 18			YTD 17			YoY % Inc (Dec)
Small loans	$	379,543	$	351,204		8.1	%		40.2	%		42.4	%		(2.2	)%
Large loans		377,777		261,277		44.6	%		28.5	%		28.8	%		(0.3	)%
Automobile loans		45,041		82,313		(45.3	)%		15.7	%		16.4	%		(0.7	)%
Retail loans		31,676		31,389		0.9	%		18.9	%		18.4	%		0.5	%

Total interest and fee yield	$	834,037	$	726,183		14.9	%		32.8	%		33.5	%		(0.7	)%

Total revenue yield	$	834,037	$	726,183		14.9	%		35.6	%		36.8	%		(1.2	)%


Exhibit		Incorporated by Reference				Filed
Number	Exhibit Description	Form	File No.	Exhibit	Filing Date	Herewith

10.1	Amendment No. 2 to Credit Agreement, dated August 30, 2018, by and among Regional Management Receivables II, LLC, as borrower, Regional Management Corp., as servicer, the lenders from time to time parties thereto, the agents from time to time parties thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, Credit Suisse AG, New York Branch, as structuring and syndication agent, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as account bank, image file custodian, and backup servicer.	8-K	001-35477	10.1	09/06/2018

31.1	Rule13a-14(a) /15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer	—	—	—	—	X

31.2	Rule13a-14(a) /15(d)-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer	—	—	—	—	X

32.1	Section 1350 Certifications	—	—	—	—	X

101	The following materials from our Quarterly Report on Form10-Q for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017; and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	—	—	—	—	X

Large accelerated filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company