UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

 

 

Form10-Q

 

 

 

Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

for the quarterly period ended March 31, 20192020

or

 

Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

for the transition period from                

001-38627

(Commission File Number)

 

 

RIVERVIEW FINANCIAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Pennsylvania 38-3917371

(State of

incorporation)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification Number)

3901 North Front Street, Harrisburg, PA 17110
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(717)957-2196

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of RegulationS-T during the preceding 12 months or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, anon-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company as defined in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer   Accelerated filer 
Non-accelerated filer   Smaller reporting company 
   Emerging growth company 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act.    Yes ☐    No ☒

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class

 

Trading

Symbol(s)

 

Name of each exchange

on which registered

Common Stock RIVE Nasdaq Global Market

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, as of the latest practicable date: 9,154,9829,240,492 at April 29, 2019.2020.

 

 

 


RIVERVIEW FINANCIAL CORPORATION

FORM10-Q

For the Quarter Ended March 31, 20192020

 

Contents

 Page No. 

PART I.

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION:

  

Item 1.

 

Financial Statements (Unaudited)

  
 

Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 20192020 and December  31, 20182019

   3 
 

Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019

   4 
 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019

   5 
 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March  31, 20192020 and 20182019

   6 
 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   7 

Item 2.

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   2624 

Item 3.

 

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

   3640 

Item 4.

 

Controls and Procedures

   3640 

PART II

 

OTHER INFORMATION:

  

Item 1.

 

Legal Proceedings

   3640 

Item 1A.

 

Risk Factors

   3640 

Item 2.

 

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

   3640 

Item 3.

 

Defaults upon Senior Securities

   3640 

Item 4.

 

Mine Safety Disclosures

   3640 

Item 5.

 

Other Information

   3640 

Item 6.

 

Exhibits

   3741 
 

Signatures

   3842 


Riverview Financial Corporation

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 

  March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
   March 31,
2020
 December 31,
2019
 

Assets:

      

Cash and due from banks

  $12,278  $16,708   $12,128  $11,838 

Interest-bearing deposits in other banks

   55,823  37,108    61,107  38,510 

Investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

   100,684  104,677    68,402  91,247 

Loans held for sale

   695  637    272  81 

Loans, net

   878,070  893,184    887,449  852,109 

Less: allowance for loan losses

   6,486  6,348    8,251  7,516 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net loans

   871,584  886,836    879,198  844,593 

Premises and equipment, net

   18,355  18,208    18,875  17,852 

Accrued interest receivable

   3,018  3,010    2,589  2,414 

Goodwill

   24,754  24,754    24,754  24,754 

Intangible assets

   3,315  3,509    2,566  2,736 

Other assets

   48,206  42,156    47,152  45,929 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total assets

  $1,138,712  $1,137,603   $1,117,043  $1,079,954 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Liabilities:

      

Deposits:

      

Noninterest-bearing

  $164,880  $162,574   $148,633  $147,405 

Interest-bearing

   836,149  842,019    809,870  793,075 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total deposits

   1,001,029  1,004,593    958,503  940,480 

Short-term borrowings

      

Long-term debt

   6,912  6,892    26,992  6,971 

Accrued interest payable

   475  484    424  435 

Other liabilities

   16,806  11,724    12,683  13,958 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total liabilities

   1,025,222  1,023,693    998,602  961,844 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

      

Common stock: no par value, authorized 20,000,000 shares; March 31, 2019, issued and outstanding 9,154,599 shares; December 31, 2018, issued and outstanding 9,121,555 shares

   101,500  101,134 

Common stock: no par value, authorized 20,000,000 shares; March 31, 2020, issued and outstanding 9,236,039 shares; December 31, 2019, issued and outstanding 9,216,616 shares

   102,386  102,206 

Capital surplus

   307  332    134  112 

Retained earnings

   13,461  15,063    16,081  16,140 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

   (1,778 (2,619   (160 (348
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

   113,490  113,910    118,441  118,110 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $1,138,712  $1,137,603   $1,117,043  $1,079,954 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Riverview Financial Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 

For the three months ended March 31,

  2019 2018   2020 2019 

Interest income:

      

Interest and fees on loans:

      

Taxable

  $10,688  $12,241   $9,782  $10,688 

Tax-exempt

   230  234    245  230 

Interest and dividends on investment securitiesavailable-for-sale:

   

Interest on investment securitiesavailable-for-sale:

   

Taxable

   740  523    535  740 

Tax-exempt

   69  82    37  69 

Dividends

   

Interest on interest-bearing deposits in other banks

   231  79    89  231 

Interest on federal funds sold

   10    
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total interest income

   11,958  13,169    10,688  11,958 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Interest expense:

      

Interest on deposits

   2,073  1,554    1,789  2,073 

Interest on short-term borrowings

   30    5  

Interest on long-term debt

   134  176    123  134 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total interest expense

   2,207  1,760    1,917  2,207 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net interest income

   9,751  11,409    8,771  9,751 

Provision for loan losses

   583  390    1,800  583 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net interest income after provision for loan losses

   9,168  11,019    6,971  9,168 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Noninterest income:

      

Service charges, fees and commissions

   1,053  1,228    1,381  1,053 

Commission and fees on fiduciary activities

   260  210    213  260 

Wealth management income

   247  154    220  247 

Mortgage banking income

   106  170    108  106 

Bank owned life insurance investment income

   187  191    193  187 

Net loss on sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

   (42 

Net gain (loss) on sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

   815  (42
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total noninterest income

   1,811  1,953    2,930  1,811 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Noninterest expense:

      

Salaries and employee benefits expense

   7,510  5,322    5,056  7,510 

Net occupancy and equipment expense

   1,089  1,122    1,180  1,089 

Amortization of intangible assets

   194  221    170  194 

Net cost (benefit) of operation of other real estate owned

   127  (1   (11 127 

Other expenses

   3,044  2,872    2,817  3,044 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Total noninterest expense

   11,964  9,536    9,212  11,964 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

   (985 3,436    689  (985

Income tax expense (benefit)

   (298 625    56  (298
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net income (loss)

   (687 2,811    633  (687
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss):

      

Unrealized gain (loss) on investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

  $1,023  $(1,075  $1,053  $1,023 

Reclassification adjustment for net loss on sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale included in net income

   42  

Income tax expense (benefit) related to other comprehensive income

   224  (225

Reclassification adjustment for net (gain) loss on sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale included in net income

   (815 42 

Income tax expense related to other comprehensive income

   50  224 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes

   841  (850

Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes

   188  841 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

  $154  $1,961 

Comprehensive income

  $821  $154 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Per share data:

      

Net income:

   

Net income (loss):

   

Basic

  $(0.08 $0.31   $0.07  $(0.08

Diluted

  $(0.08 $0.31   $0.07  $(0.08

Average common shares outstanding:

      

Basic

   9,143,316  9,079,043    9,223,445  9,143,316 

Diluted

   9,143,316  9,137,706    9,233,060  9,143,316 

Dividends declared

  $0.10  $    $0.08  $0.10 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Riverview Financial Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 

  Common
Stock
   Capital
Surplus
 Retained
Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Total 

Balance, January 1, 2020

  $102,206   $112  $16,140  $(348 $118,110 

Net income

     633   633 

Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes

      188  188 

Issuance under ESPP, 401k and Dividend Reinvestment plans: 19,423 shares

   180      180 

Stock based compensation

     22    22 

Dividends declared, $0.08 per share

     (692  (692
  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Balance, March 31, 2020

  $102,386   $134  $16,081  $(160 $118,441 
  Common
Stock
   Capital
Surplus
 Retained
Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Total   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Balance, January 1, 2019

  $101,134   $332  $15,063  $(2,619 $113,910   $101,134   $332  $15,063  $(2,619 $113,910 

Net income (loss)

     (687  (687     (687  (687

Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes

      841  841       841  841 

Compensation cost of option grants

       

Issuance under ESPP, 401k and Dividend Reinvestment plans: 15,223 shares

   175      175    175      175 

Exercise of stock options: 17,821 shares

   191    (25   166    191    (25   166 

Dividends declared, $0.10 per share

     (915  (915     (915  (915
  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Balance, March 31, 2019

  $101,500   $307  $13,461  $(1,778 $113,490   $101,500   $307  $13,461  $(1,778 $113,490 
  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Balance, January 1, 2018

  $100,476   $423  $6,936  $(1,579 $106,256 

Net income

     2,811   2,811 

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes

      (850 (850

Compensation cost of option grants

     (1   (1

Issuance under ESPP, 401k and Dividend Reinvestment plans: 10,153 shares

   135      135 

Exercise of stock options: 4,761 shares

   49      49 
  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Balance, March 31, 2018

  $100,660   $422  $9,747  $(2,429 $108,400 
  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Riverview Financial Corporation

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 

For the Three Months Ended March 31,

  2019 2018   2020 2019 

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net income (loss)

  $(687 $2,811   $633  $(687

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

      

Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment

   300  286    320  300 

Provision for loan losses

   583  390    1,800  583 

Stock based compensation

   (1   22  

Net amortization of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

   216  207    169  216 

Net cost (benefit) of operation of other real estate owned

   127  (1   (11 127 

Net loss on sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

   42  

Net (gain) loss on sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

   (815 42 

Amortization of purchase adjustment on loans

   (439 (1,873   (132 (439

Amortization of intangible assets

   194  221    170  194 

Amortization of assumed discount on long-term debt

   21  20 

Deferred income taxes

   (61 687    53  (61

Proceeds from sale of loans originated for sale

   4,443  5,827    2,791  4,443 

Net gain on sale of loans originated for sale

   (106 (170   (108 (106

Loans originated for sale

   (4,395 (6,013   (2,874 (4,395

Bank owned life insurance investment income

   (187 (191   (193 (187

Net change in:

      

Accrued interest receivable

   (8 372    (175 (8

Other assets

   (2,613 (691   (2 (2,613

Accrued interest payable

   (9 (2   (11 (9

Other liabilities

   1,363  (635   (1,275 1,363 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   (1,237 1,224    383  (1,217
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Investment securitiesavailable-for-sale:

      

Purchases

   (7,647    (7,317 (7,647

Proceeds from repayments

   3,707  3,146    3,878  3,707 

Proceeds from sales

   8,740     27,168  8,740 

Proceeds from the sale of other real estate owned

   133  145    68  133 

Net decrease in restricted equity securities

   46  208 

Net decrease in loans

   15,108  23,473 

Net (increase) decrease in restricted equity securities

   (867 46 

Net (increase) decrease in loans

   (36,594 15,108 

Purchases of premises and equipment

   (447 (369   (1,343 (447
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net cash provided by investing activities

   19,640  26,603 

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

   (15,007 19,640 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Net increase (decrease) in deposits

   (3,564 12,125    18,023  (3,564

Net decrease in short-term borrowings

   (6,000   

Repayment of long-term debt

   (73   

Proceeds from long-term debt

   20     20,000  

Issuance under ESPP, 401k and DRP plans

   175  135    180  175 

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

   166  49    166 

Cash dividends paid

   (915    (692 (915
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   (4,118 6,236    37,511  (4,138
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents

   14,285  34,063    22,887  14,285 

Cash and cash equivalents—beginning

   53,816  25,786    50,348  53,816 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents—ending

  $68,101  $59,849   $73,235  $68,101 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Supplemental disclosures:

      

Cash paid during the period for:

      

Interest

  $2,216  $1,762   $1,928  $2,216 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Income taxes

   
  

 

  

 

 

Noncash items from operating activities:

      

Operating leaseright-of-use assets and liabilities

  $3,719     $3,719 
  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

 

Supplemental schedule of noncash investing and financing activities:

   

Other real estate acquired in settlement of loans

  $321  
  

 

  

 

 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

Riverview Financial Corporation

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

1. Summary of significant accounting policies:

Nature of Operations

Riverview Financial Corporation, (the “Company” or “Riverview”“Riverview���), a bank holding company incorporated under the laws of Pennsylvania, provides a full range of financial services through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Riverview Bank (the “Bank”).

Riverview Bank, with 28twenty seven (27) full service offices and four (4) limited purpose offices, is a full service commercial bank offering a wide range of traditional banking services and financial advisory, insurance and investment services to individuals, municipalities andsmall-to-medium sized businesses in the Pennsylvania market areas of Berks, Blaire,Blair, Bucks, Centre, Clearfield, Cumberland, Dauphin, Huntingdon, Lebanon, Lehigh, Lycoming, Northumberland, Perry, Schuylkill and Somerset Counties in Pennsylvania.Counties. The Wealth and Trust Management divisions of the Bank provide trust and investment advisory services to the general public and businesses.

Basis of presentation:

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP’) for interim financial information and with the instructions toForm 10-Q and Article 8 ofRegulation S-X. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and results of operations for the periods presented have been included. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform towith the current year’s presentation. These reclassifications did not have any effect on the operating results or financial position of the Company. The operating results and financial position of the Company for the three months ended as of March 31, 2019, are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations and financial position that may be expected in the future. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 20182019 has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. Accordingly, these unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s 20182019 Annual Report onForm 10-K, filed on March 14, 2019.16, 2020.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. These estimates and assumptions affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The operating results and financial position of the Company for the three months ended as of March 31, 2020, are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations and financial position that may be expected in the future. This is especially true given the recent outbreak of the Coronavirus(“COVID-19”) pandemic which may adversely affect the Company’s business results of operations and financial conditions for an indefinite period.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2020, theCOVID-19 pandemic has caused disruption in economic and social activity, both globally and in the United States. The spread ofCOVID-19, and the related government actions to mandate or encourage quarantines and social distancing, have caused severe disruptions in the U.S. economy, which has and will likely continue to, in turn, disrupt the business, activities, and operations of our customers, as well as our own business and operations.

The national public health crisis arising from theCOVID-19 pandemic and public expectations about it, combined with certainpre-existing factors, including, but not limited to, international trade disputes, inflation risks, and oil price volatility, could further destabilize the financial markets and the markets in which Riverview operates. The resulting impacts of the pandemic on consumers, including the sudden significant increase in the unemployment rate, is expected to cause changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing needs and saving habits, which will likely affect the demand for loans and other products and services Riverview offers, as well as the creditworthiness of potential and current borrowers. The significant decrease in commercial activity associated with the pandemic, both nationally and in Riverview’s markets, may cause customers, vendors, and counterparties to be unable to meet existing payment or other obligations to Riverview and the Bank.

Riverview’s business is dependent upon the willingness and ability of its customers to conduct banking and other financial transactions. Riverview expects the pandemic to limit, at least for a period of time, customer demand for many banking activities. Many companies and residents in our market area are subject to mandatory“non-essential business” shut-downs and “stay at home” orders, which have reduced banking activity across our market area. In response to these mandates, Riverview has temporarily limited most locations todrive-up and ATM services, with lobby access available by appointment only, reduced hours

of operation at some locations and encouraged our customers to use electronic banking platforms. We expect these measures to remain in place for an undetermined period of time. In addition, the use of quarantines and social distancing methods to curtail the spread ofCOVID-19—whether mandated by governmental authorities or recommended as a public health practice—may adversely affect Riverview’s operations as key personnel, employees and customers avoid physical interaction. The continued spread ofCOVID-19 could also negatively impact the business and operations of third-party service providers who perform critical services for Riverview’s business. It is not yet known what impact these operational changes may have on Riverview’s financial performance.

There continue to be broad concerns related to the potential effects of theCOVID-19 pandemic. Even after government mandated stay at home orders expire, the aftereffects of the pandemic may continue to have an adverse effect on, among other things, (i) our ability to attract customer deposits, (ii) the ability of our borrowers to satisfy their obligations to us, (iii) the demand for our loans or our other products and services and/or (iv) unemployment rates, financial markets, real estate markets or economic growth.

The outbreak ofCOVID-19 has significantly affected the financial markets and has resulted in a number of responses by the U.S. government, including a reduction in interest rates by the Federal Reserve. These reductions in interest rates, especially if prolonged, could adversely affect our net interest income, margins and our profitability.

TheCOVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the economy heighten the risks related to economic conditions in our market areas, interest rates, loan losses and reliance on our executives and third-party service providers. For example, borrower loan defaults that adversely affect Riverview’s earnings correlate with deteriorating economic conditions, which, in turn, may impact borrowers’ creditworthiness. If our borrowers are unable to meet their payment obligations to us, we will be required to increase our allowance for the losses through provisions for credit losses. In addition, loan programs adopted by the federal government, such as the Paycheck Protection Program (“PPP”), while intended to lessen the impact of the pandemic on businesses, may result in a decreased demand for Riverview’s loan products.

The impact of the pandemic on Riverview’s financial results is evolving and uncertain. The Company expects Riverview’s net interest income andnon-interest income to decline and credit-related losses to increase for an uncertain period given the decline in economic activity occurring due to the coronavirus and the actions by the Federal Reserve with respect to interest rates. We believe that we may experience a material adverse effect in our business, results of operations and financial condition as a result of theCOVID-19 pandemic for an indefinite period. Material adverse impacts may include all or a combination of valuation impairments on Riverview’s intangible assets, investments, loans or deferred taxes.

As of the March 31, 2020, the Company does not believe there exists any impairment to our goodwill, intangible assets, long-lived assets, right of use assets, oravailable-for-sale investment securities due to theCOVID-19 pandemic. The Company assessed goodwill and concluded there was no impairment present based on the results of a qualitative test as of March 31, 2020. It is uncertain whether prolonged effects of theCOVID-19 pandemic will result in future impairment charges related to any of the aforementioned assets.

Accounting Standards Adopted in 2019

In February 2016, the FASB issued an update ASU2016-02, “Leases”, which requires lessees to record most leases on their balance sheet and recognize leasing expenses in the income statement. Operating leases, except for short-term leases that are subject to an accounting policy election, will be recorded on the balance sheet for lessees by establishing a lease liability and correspondingright-of-use asset. All entities are required to use a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period in the financial statements. As the Company elected the transition option provided in ASUNo. 2018-11, the modified retrospective approach was applied on January 1, 2019 (as opposed to January 1, 2017). The Company did not elect the hindsight practical expedient, which allows entities to use hindsight when determining lease term and impairment ofright-of-use assets. The guidance in this ASU became effective January 1, 2019 at which time the Company recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheet aright-of-use asset and lease liability of $3,719. For further detail, see Note 7 – Leases.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2017-08, “Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Topic 310), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities”. These amendments shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The guidance is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The amendments should be applied on a modified retrospective basis, with a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The adoption of ASUNo. 2017-08 on January 1, 2019, did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities”. The amendments in the Update better align an entity’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. To meet that objective, the amendments expand and refine hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components and align the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instrument and the hedged item in the financial statements. For public business entities, the amendments in this Update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASUNo. 2017-12 on January 1. 2019, did not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.

Recent Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. ASU2016-13 requires an entity to utilize a new impairment model known as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model to estimate its lifetime “expected credit loss” and record an allowance that, when deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset, presents the net amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The CECL model is expected to result in earlier recognition of credit losses. ASU2016-13 also requires new disclosures for financial assets measured at amortized cost, loans andavailable-for-sale debt securities. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No.2018-19—Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. The amendments clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic326-20. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. The updated guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently expects as of January 1, 2020 to recognize aone-time cumulative effect adjustment to increase the ALLL with an offsetting reduction to the retained earnings component of equity. In December 2018, the federal bank regulatory agencies approved a final rule that modifies their regulatory capital rules and provides institutions the option to phase in over a three-year period anyday-one regulatory capital effects of the new accounting standard. The Company has formed an internal management committee and engaged a third party vendor to assist with the transition to the guidance set forth in this update. The committee is currently evaluating the impact of this update on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, but the ALLL is expected to increase upon adoption since the allowance will be required to cover the full expected life of the portfolio. The extent of this increase is still being evaluated and will depend on economic conditions and the composition of the loan and lease portfolio at the time of adoption. Management is currently evaluating the preliminary modeling results, including a qualitative framework to account for the drivers of credit losses that are not captured by the quantitative model.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments”. The update addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. This new accounting guidance will bebecame effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019.on January 1, 2020. The Company does not expect the adoption of the new accounting guidance todid not have a material effect on the statementCompany’s financial position, results of cash flows.operations or disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment”. The ASU simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill and eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The Company should perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The impairment charge is limited to the amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019,2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The adoption of the new guidance ison January 1, 2020 did not expected to have a significant impactmaterial effect on the Company’s financial positions,position, results of operations or disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement”. The amendments in this Update improve the effectiveness of fair value measurement disclosures by modifying the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value

Measurement, based on the concepts in FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting—Chapter 8: Notes to Financial Statements, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The ASU isbecame effective for all entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. In addition, an entity may early adopt any of the removed or modified disclosures immediately and delayon January 1, 2020. The adoption of the new disclosures until the effective date. The guidance isdid not expected to have a significant impactmaterial effect on the Company’s financial positions, results of operations or disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2018-14, “Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General(Subtopic 715-20)—Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans”.Subtopic 715-20 addresses the disclosure of other accounting and reporting requirements related to single-employer defined benefit pension or other

postretirement benefit plans. The amendments in this Update remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost-beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. Although narrow in scope, the amendments are considered an important part of the Board’s efforts to improve the effectiveness of disclosures in the notes to financial statements by applying concepts in the FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting—Chapter 8: Notes to Financial Statements. The amendments in this Update apply to all employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The ASU is effective for all entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The guidance is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial positions,position, results of operations or disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2018-15, “Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract.”Contract”. This guidance aligns the accounting for implementation costs related to a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the guidance on capitalizing costs associated with developing or obtaininginternal-use software. Common examples of hosting arrangements include software as a service, platform or infrastructure as a service and other similar types of hosting arrangements. While capitalized costs related tointernal-use software is generally considered an intangible asset, costs incurred to implement a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract would typically be characterized in the company’s financial statements in the same manner as other service costs (e.g., prepaid expense). The new guidance provides that an entity would be required to amortize capitalized implementation costs over the term of the hosting arrangement on a straight-line basis unless another systematic and rational basis is more representative of the pattern in which the entity expects to benefit from access to the hosted software. This update became effective on January 1, 2020. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or disclosures.

Recent Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”. ASU No.2016-13 requires an entity to utilize a new impairment model known as the current expected credit loss (“CECL”) model to estimate its lifetime “expected credit loss” and record an allowance that, when deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset, presents the net amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. The CECL model is expected to result in earlier recognition of credit losses. ASUNo. 2016-13 also requires new disclosures for financial assets measured at amortized cost, loans andavailable-for-sale debt securities. In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No.2018-19—Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses. The amendments clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Subtopic326-20. Instead, impairment of receivables arising from operating leases should be accounted for in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. In May 2019, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2019-05 “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326)-Targeted Transition Relief” which amends ASUNo. 2016-13 to allow companies to irrevocably elect, upon adoption of ASU No,2016-13, the fair value option on financial instruments that were previously recorded at amortized cost and are within the scope of ASC326-20 if the instruments are eligible for the fair value option under ASC825-10. The fair value option election does not apply toheld-to-maturity debt securities. Entities are required to make this election on aninstrument-by-instrument basis. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2019-11, “Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses”, which provides specific improvements and clarifications to the guidance in Topic 326. Addresses expected recoveries for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration, transition relief for troubled debt restructurings, disclosures related to accrued interest receivables, financial assets secured by collateral maintenance provisions, and conforming cross-references to Subtopic805-20. In December 2018, the federal bank regulatory agencies approved a final rule that modifies their regulatory capital rules and provides institutions the option to phase in over a three-year period anyday-one regulatory capital effects of the new accounting standard. The Company has formed an internal management committee and engaged a third-party vendor to assist with the transition to the guidance set forth in this update. The committee is currently evaluating the impact of this update on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements, but the ALLL is expected to increase upon adoption since the allowance will be required to cover the full expected life of the portfolio. The extent of this increase is still being evaluated and will depend on economic conditions and the composition of the loan and lease portfolio at the time of adoption. Management is currently evaluating the preliminary modeling results, including a qualitative framework to account for the drivers of credit losses that are not captured by the quantitative model. In October 2019, the FASB affirmed its previously proposed amendment to delay the effective date for fiscal years,small reporting public companies to interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company currently expects as of January 1, 2023 to recognize aone-time cumulative effect adjustment to increase the ALLL with an offsetting reduction to the retained earnings component of equity.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2018-14, “Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General(Subtopic 715-20)—Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans”.Subtopic 715-20 addresses the disclosure of other accounting and reporting requirements related to single-employer defined benefit pension or other postretirement benefit plans. The amendments in this Update remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost-beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. Although narrow in scope, the amendments are considered an important part of the Board’s efforts to improve the effectiveness of disclosures in the notes to financial statements by applying concepts in the FASB Concepts Statement, Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting—Chapter 8: Notes to Financial Statements. The amendments in this Update apply to all employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The ASU is effective for all entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with earlier2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption permitted in any annual or interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance.is permitted. The adoption of the new guidance is not expected to have a significant impactmaterial effect on the Company’s financial positions,position, results of operations or disclosures.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2019-12, “Income Taxes”, an update to simplify the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions in Topic 740 Income Taxes. In addition, ASUNo. 2019-12 improves consistent application of other areas of guidance within Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. The new guidance is effective fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. The adoption of the new guidance is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or disclosures.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASUNo. 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848)”. In response to concerns about structural risks of interbank offered rates (“IBORs”), and, particularly, the risk of cessation of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), regulators around the world have undertaken reference rate reform initiatives to identify alternative reference rates that are more observable or transaction-based and less susceptible to manipulation. The amendments in this Update provide optional guidance for a limited time to ease the potential burden in accounting for or recognizing the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. ASU2020-04 provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to loan and lease agreements, derivative contracts, and other transactions affected by the anticipated transition away from LIBOR toward new interest rate benchmarks. For transactions that are modified because of reference rate reform and that meet certain scope guidance (i) modifications of loan agreements should be accounted for by prospectively adjusting the effective interest rate and the modification will be considered “minor” so that any existing unamortized origination fees/costs would carry forward and continue to be amortized and (ii) modifications of lease agreements should be accounted for as a continuation of the existing agreement with no reassessments of the lease classification and the discount rate or remeasurements of lease payments that otherwise would be required for modifications not accounted for as separate contracts. ASU2020-04 also provides numerous optional expedients for derivative accounting. ASU2020-04 is effective March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. An entity may elect to apply ASU2020-04 for contract modifications as of January 1, 2020, or prospectively from a date within an interim period that includes or is subsequent to March 12, 2020, up to the date that the financial statements are available to be issued. Once elected for a Topic or an Industry Subtopic within the Codification, the amendments in this ASU must be applied prospectively for all eligible contract modifications for that Topic or Industry Subtopic. We are evaluating the impacts of this ASU and have not yet determined whether LIBOR transition and this ASU will have a material effect on our business operations and consolidated financial statements.

2. Other comprehensive income (loss):

The components of other comprehensive income (loss) and their related tax effects are reported in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets relates to net unrealized gains and losses on investment securitiesavailable-for-sale and benefit plan adjustments.

The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in stockholders’ equity at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 is as follows:

 

  March 31,
2019
   December 31,
2018
   March 31,
2020
   December 31,
2019
 

Net unrealized loss on investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

  $(1,118  $(2,183  $914   $676 

Income tax benefit

   (234   (458   192    142 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Net of income taxes

   (884   (1,725   722    534 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Benefit plan adjustments

   (1,132   (1,132   (1,117   (1,117

Income tax benefit

   (238   (238   (235   (235
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Net of income taxes

   (894   (894   (882   (882
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  $(1,778  $(2,619  $(160  $(348
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss) and related tax effects for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 is as follows:

 

Three months ended March 31,

  2019   2018   2020   2019 

Unrealized gain (loss) on investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

  $1,023   $(1,075  $1,053   $1,023 

Net loss (gain) on the sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale (1)

   42      (815   42 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Other comprehensive gain (loss) before taxes

   1,065    (1,075   238    1,065 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   224    (225   50    224 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Other comprehensive gain (loss)

  $841   $(850  $188   $841 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

 

(1) 

Represents amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income and included in net loss (gain) on sale of investment securities on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

3. Earnings per share:

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential common shares had been issued, as well as any adjustment to income that would result from the assumed issuance. The following table provides a reconciliation between the computation of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018:2019:

 

Three months ended March 31,

  2019   2018   2020   2019 

Numerator:

        

Net income (loss)

  $(687  $2,811   $633   $(687
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Denominator:

        

Basic

   9,143,316    9,079,043    9,223,445    9,143,316 

Dilutive options

     58,663    9,615   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Diluted

   9,143,316    9,137,706    9,233,060    9,143,316 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Earnings per share:

        

Basic

  $(0.08  $0.31   $0.07   $(0.08

Diluted

  $(0.08  $0.31   $0.07   $(0.08

Because the Company had a net loss, there were no outstanding stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2019 that were included in the diluted earnings per share calculation because of their antidilutive effect. Had the Company not recognized a net loss for the three months ended March 31, 2019, there would have been 43,350 stock options excluded from the dilutive earnings per share calculation. For the three months ended March 31, 2018,2020, there were no37,200 outstanding stock options that were excluded from the dilutive earnings per share calculation because their effect was antidilutive. None of the outstanding stock options for the three months ended March 31, 2019 were included in the diluted earnings per share calculation because the Company recognized a net loss for the quarter.

4. Investment securities:

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale aggregated by investment category at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 are summarized as follows:

 

March 31, 2019

  Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

March 31, 2020

  Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

State and municipals:

                

Taxable

  $30,811   $129   $497   $30,443   $9,736   $423   $6   $10,153 

Tax-exempt

   7,639    34    5    7,668    8,448    36    142    8,342 

Mortgage-backed securities:

                

U.S. Government agencies

   27,208    101    27    27,282    28,508    800      29,308 

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   26,632    12    214    26,430    17,296    546      17,842 

Corporate debt obligations

   9,512      651    8,861    3,500      743    2,757 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $101,802   $276   $1,394   $100,684   $67,488   $1,805   $891   $68,402 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

December 31, 2018

  Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

State and municipals:

        

Taxable

  $34,025   $145   $892   $33,278 

Tax-exempt

   12,970    2    196    12,776 

Mortgage-backed securities:

        

U.S. Government agencies

   23,715    61    106    23,670 

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   26,635    11    451    26,195 

Corporate debt obligations

   9,515      757    8,758 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $106,860   $219   $2,402   $104,677 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

December 31, 2019

  Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
 

State and municipals:

        

Taxable

  $24,365   $466   $7   $24,824 

Tax-exempt

   4,260    73      4,333 

Mortgage-backed securities:

        

U.S. Government agencies

   36,024    294    184    36,134 

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   22,422    265    42    22,645 

Corporate debt obligations

   3,500      189    3,311 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $90,571   $1,098   $422   $91,247 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The maturity distribution of the fair value, which is the net carrying amount, of the debt securities classified asavailable-for-sale at March 31, 2019,2020, is summarized as follows:

 

March 31, 2019

  Fair
Value
 

March 31, 2020

  Fair
Value
 

Within one year

  $2,386   $477 

After one but within five years

   757    5,423 

After five but within ten years

   11,164    6,486 

After ten years

   32,665    8,866 
  

 

   

 

 
   46,972    21,252 

Mortgage-backed securities

   53,712    47,150 
  

 

   

 

 

Total

  $100,684   $68,402 
  

 

   

 

 

Securities with a fair value of $68,184$46,152 and $71,797$63,389 at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, respectively, were pledged to secure public deposits as required or permitted by law.

Securities and short-term investment activities are conducted with a diverse group of government entities, corporations and state and local municipalities. The counterparty’s creditworthiness and type of collateral is evaluated on acase-by-case basis. At March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, there were no significant concentrations of credit risk from any one issuer, with the exception of U.S. Government agencies and sponsored enterprises that exceeded 10.0 percent of stockholders’ equity.

The fair value and gross unrealized losses of investment securities with unrealized losses for which an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) has not been recognized at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, aggregated by investment category and length of time that the individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are summarized as follows:

 

  Less Than 12 Months   12 Months or More   Total   Less Than 12 Months   12 Months or More   Total 

March 31, 2019

  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
 

March 31, 2020

  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
 

State and municipals:

                        

Taxable

  $2,210   $15   $19,456   $482   $21,666   $497   $785   $6   $    $    $785   $6 

Tax-exempt

       3,697    5    3,697    5             

Mortgage-backed securities:

                        

U.S. Government agencies

   478    1    1,133    26    1,611    27    4,094    142        4,094    142 

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   11,284    35    6,954    179    18,238    214             

Corporate debt obligation

       8,861    651    8,861    651        2,757    743    2,757    743 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $13,972   $51   $40,101   $1,343   $54,073   $1,394   $4,879   $148   $2,757   $743   $7,636   $891 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
  Less Than 12 Months   12 Months or More   Total 

December 31, 2018

  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
 

State and municipals:

            

Taxable

  $2,300   $4   $22,943   $888   $25,243   $892 

Tax-exempt

   1,950    32    9,556    164    11,506    196 

Mortgage-backed securities:

            

U.S. Government agencies

   7,862    66    1,216    40    9,078    106 

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   18,110    163    7,133    288    25,243    451 

Corporate debt obligation

       8,758    757    8,758    757 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $30,222   $265   $49,606   $2,137   $79,828   $2,402 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

   Less Than 12 Months   12 Months or More   Total 

December 31, 2019

  Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
   Fair
Value
   Unrealized
Losses
 

State and municipals:

            

Taxable

   1,280   $7   $    $    $1,280   $7 

Tax-exempt

            

Mortgage-backed securities:

            

U.S. Government agencies

   15,799    184        15,799    184 

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

       3,245    42    3,245    42 

Corporate debt obligations

       3,311    189    3,311    189 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $17,079   $191   $6,556   $231   $23,635   $422 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company had 5610 investment securities, consisting of 26two taxable state and municipal obligations, sixtax-exempt state and municipal obligations, 20seven mortgage-backed securities, and fourone corporate debt obligationsobligation that were in unrealized loss positions at March 31, 2019.2020. Of these securities, 24 taxable state and municipal obligation, sixtax-exempt state and municipal obligations, 13 mortgage-backed securities and fourone corporate debt obligations wereobligation was in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more. Management does not consider the unrealized losses on the debt securities as a result ofresulting from changes in interest rates to be OTTI based on historical evidence that indicates the cost of these securities is recoverable within a reasonable period of time in relation to normal cyclical changes in the market rates of interest. Moreover, because there has been no material change in the credit quality of the issuers or other events or circumstances that may cause a significant adverse impact on the fair value of these securities, and

management does not intend to sell these securities and it is unlikely that the Company will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be maturity, the Company does not consider the unrealized losses to be OTTI at March 31, 2019.2020. There was no OTTI recognized for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018.2019.

The Company had 9222 investment securities, consisting of 39two taxable state and municipal obligations, 22tax-exempt municipal obligations, four19 mortgage-backed securities and one corporate obligations and 27 mortgage-backed securitiesobligation that were in unrealized loss positions at December 31, 2018.2019. Of these securities, 35 taxable statefour mortgage-backed securities and municipal obligations, 19tax-exempt municipal obligations, fourone corporate obligations and 13 mortgage-backed securitiesobligation were in a continuous unrealized loss position for twelve months or more.

5. Loans, net and allowance for loan losses:

The major classifications of loans outstanding, net of deferred loan origination fees and costs at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 are summarized as follows. Net deferred loan costs were $1,018$885 and $1,026$1,129 at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018.2019.

 

  March 31,
2019
   December 31,
2018
   March 31,
2020
   December 31,
2019
 

Commercial

  $117,324   $122,919   $121,128   $118,658 

Real estate:

        

Construction

   43,291    39,556    72,580    61,831 

Commercial

   491,650    497,597    476,573    455,901 

Residential

   214,501    221,115    209,749    207,354 

Consumer

   11,304    11,997    7,419    8,365 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $878,070   $893,184   $887,449   $852,109 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

The changeschange in the allowance for loan losses account by major classification of loan classifications for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 and 2018 areis summarized as follows:

 

    Real Estate           Real Estate         

March 31, 2019

  Commercial Construction Commercial   Residential Consumer Unallocated Total 

March 31, 2020

  Commercial Construction   Commercial Residential Consumer Unallocated   Total 

Allowance for loan losses:

                   

Beginning Balance January 1, 2019

  $1,162  $404  $3,298   $1,286  $50  $148  $6,348 

Beginning Balance, January 1, 2020

  $1,953  $473   $3,115  $1,820  $155    $7,516 

Charge-offs

   (376     (144  (520   (899    (95  (130    (1,124

Recoveries

   5   1    1  68   75    2     1   56     59 

Provisions

   232  (123 160    279  183  (148 583    615  222    896  (107 71  $103    1,800 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

 

Ending balance

  $1,023  $281  $3,459   $1,566  $157  $   $6,486   $1,671  $695   $3,917  $1,713  $152  $103   $8,251 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

 
    Real Estate       

March 31, 2018

  Commercial Construction Commercial   Residential Consumer Unallocated Total 

Allowance for loan losses:

         

Beginning Balance January 1, 2018

  $1,206  $379  $2,963   $1,340  $37  $381  $6,306 

Charge-offs

   (77     (50 (99  (226

Recoveries

   3   2    1  39   45 

Provisions

   (316 5  493    (112 55  265  390 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

Ending balance

  $816  $384  $3,458   $1,179  $32  $646  $6,515 
  

 

  

 

  

 

   

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

 

      Real Estate           

March 31, 2019

  Commercial  Construction  Commercial   Residential   Consumer  Unallocated  Total 

Allowance for loan losses:

          

Beginning Balance, January 1, 2019

  $1,162  $404  $3,298   $1,286   $50  $148  $6,348 

Charge-offs

   (376       (144   (520

Recoveries

   5    1    1    68    75 

Provisions

   232   (123  160    279    183   (148  583 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

Ending balance

  $1,023  $281  $3,459   $1,566   $157  $   $6,486 
  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

 

The allocation of the allowance for loan losses and the related loans by major classifications of loans at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 is summarized as follows:

 

      Real Estate                   Real Estate             

March 31, 2019

  Commercial   Construction   Commercial   Residential   Consumer   Unallocated   Total 

March 31, 2020

  Commercial   Construction   Commercial   Residential   Consumer   Unallocated   Total 

Allowance for loan losses:

                            

Ending balance

  $1,023   $281   $3,459   $1,566   $157   $    $6,486   $1,671   $695   $3,917   $1,713   $152   $103   $8,251 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

                            

individually evaluated for impairment

   77      91    55        223    29      87          116 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

                            

collectively evaluated for impairment

   946    281    3,368    1,511    157      6,263    1,642    695    3,830    1,713    152    103    8,135 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

                            

purchased credit impaired loans

  $    $    $    $    $    $    $    $    $    $    $    $    $    $  
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Loans receivable:

                            

Ending balance

  $117,324   $43,291   $491,650   $214,501   $11,304   $    $878,070   $121,128   $72,580   $476,573   $209,749   $7,419   $    $887,449 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

                            

individually evaluated for impairment

   946    85    1,475    2,147        4,653    1,218      1,405    2,062        4,685 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

                            

collectively evaluated for impairment

   116,294    43,206    487,022    212,104    11,304      869,930    119,909    72,580    473,656    207,456    7,419      881,020 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

                            

purchased credit impaired loans

  $84   $    $3,153   $250   $    $    $3,487   $1   $    $1,512   $231   $    $    $1,744 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
      Real Estate             

December 31, 2018

  Commercial   Construction   Commercial   Residential   Consumer   Unallocated   Total 

Allowance for loan losses:

              

Ending balance

  $1,162   $404   $3,298   $1,286   $50   $148   $6,348 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

              

individually evaluated for impairment

   382      78    28        488 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

              

collectively evaluated for impairment

   780    404    3,220    1,258    50    148    5,680 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

              

purchased credit impaired loans

  $    $    $    $    $    $    $  
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Loans receivable:

              

Ending balance

  $122,919   $39,556   $497,597   $221,115   $11,997   $    $893,184 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

              

individually evaluated for impairment

   1,249      1,643    2,146        5,038 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

              

collectively evaluated for impairment

   121,521    39,556    492,779    218,468    11,997      884,321 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Ending balance:

              

purchased credit impaired loans

  $149   $    $3,175   $501   $    $    $3,825 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

       Real Estate             

December 31, 2019

  Commercial   Construction   Commercial   Residential   Consumer   Unallocated   Total 

Allowance for loan losses:

              

Ending balance

  $1,953   $473   $3,115   $1,820   $155   $            $7,516 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance:

              

individually evaluated for impairment

   712      218          930 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance:

              

collectively evaluated for impairment

   1,241    473    2,897    1,820    155      6,586 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance:

              

purchased credit impaired loans

  $    $    $    $    $    $    $  
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Loans receivable:

              

Ending balance

  $118,658   $61,831   $455,901   $207,354   $8,365   $    $852,109 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance:

              

individually evaluated for impairment

   2,260      1,224    2,085        5,569 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance:

              

collectively evaluated for impairment

   116,390    61,831    453,156    205,026    8,365      844,768 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Ending balance:

              

purchased credit impaired loans

  $8   $    $1,521   $243   $    $    $1,772 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company segments loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends, among other factors. Loans are individually analyzed for credit risk by classifying them within the Company’s internal risk rating system. The Company’s risk rating classifications are defined as follows:

 

Pass—A loan to borrowers with acceptable credit quality and risk that is not adversely classified as Substandard, Doubtful, Loss or designated as Special Mention.

 

Special Mention—A loan that has potential weaknesses that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or in the institution’s credit position at some future date. Special Mention loans are not adversely classified since they do not expose the Company to sufficient risk to warrant adverse classification.

 

Substandard—A loan that is inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the collateral pledged, if any. Loans so classified must have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.

 

Doubtful—A loan classified as Doubtful has all the weaknesses inherent in one classified Substandard with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make the collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.

 

Loss—A loan classified as Loss is considered uncollectible and of such little value that its continuance as a bankable loan is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this basically worthless asset even though partial recovery may occur in the future.

The following tables present the major classification of loans summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018:2019:

 

March 31, 2019

  Pass   Special
Mention
   Substandard   Doubtful   Total 

Commercial

  $104,705   $9,043   $3,576     $117,324 

Real estate:

          

Construction

   43,043    163    85      43,291 

Commercial

   458,865    19,076    13,709      491,650 

Residential

   210,296    2,084    2,121      214,501 

Consumer

   11,304          11,304 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $828,213   $30,366   $19,491     $878,070 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2018

  Pass   Special
Mention
   Substandard   Doubtful   Total 

Commercial

  $109,609   $9,123   $4,187     $122,919 

Real estate:

          

Construction

   39,265      291      39,556 

Commercial

   471,364    13,106    13,127      497,597 

Residential

   216,218    2,126    2,771      221,115 

Consumer

   11,997          11,997 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $848,453   $24,355   $20,376     $893,184 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

March 31, 2020

  Pass   Special
Mention
   Substandard   Doubtful   Total 

Commercial

  $111,111   $5,964   $4,053   $            $121,128 

Real estate:

          

Construction

   71,454    1,126        72,580 

Commercial

   453,374    8,430    14,769      476,573 

Residential

   205,926    1,418    2,405      209,749 

Consumer

   7,419          7,419 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $849,284   $16,938   $21,227   $    $887,449 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

December 31, 2019

  Pass   Special
Mention
   Substandard   Doubtful   Total 

Commercial

  $109,190   $5,992   $3,476   $    $118,658 

Real estate:

          

Construction

   61,678    153        61,831 

Commercial

   430,771    9,271    15,859      455,901 

Residential

   203,381    1,437    2,536      207,354 

Consumer

   8,365          8,365 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $813,385   $16,853   $21,871   $    $852,109 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories of performing loans and nonaccrual loans as of March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018.2019. Purchase credit impaired (“PCI”) loans are excluded from the aging and nonaccrual loan schedules.

 

  Accrual Loans           Accrual Loans         

March 31, 2019

  30-59 Days
Past Due
   60-89 Days
Past Due
   90 or More
Days Past
Due
   Total Past
Due
   Current   Nonaccrual
Loans
   Total Loans 

March 31, 2020

  30-59 Days
Past Due
   60-89 Days
Past Due
   90 or More
Days Past
Due
   Total Past
Due
   Current   Nonaccrual
Loans
   Total Loans 

Commercial

  $56   $    $    $56   $116,343   $841   $117,240   $385   $15   $23   $423   $119,917   $787   $121,127 

Real estate:

                            

Construction

   250        250    42,957    84    43,291    584    978      1,562    71,018      72,580 

Commercial

   1,244    4    81    1,329    486,471    697    488,497    9,577    1,361      10,938    463,481    642    475,061 

Residential

   1,668    249    20    1,937    211,293    1,021    214,251    5,062    137    652    5,851    203,048    619    209,518 

Consumer

   65    27    21    113    11,191      11,304    65    17    16    98    7,321      7,419 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $3,283   $280   $122   $3,685   $868,255   $2,643   $874,583   $15,673   $2,508   $691   $18,872   $864,785   $2,048   $885,705 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Purchased credit impaired loans

               3,487                1,744 
              

 

               

 

 

Total Loans

              $878,070               $887,449 
              

 

               

 

 
  Accrual Loans         

December 31, 2018

  30-59 Days
Past Due
   60-89 Days
Past Due
   90 or More
Days Past
Due
   Total Past
Due
   Current   Nonaccrual
Loans
   Total Loans 

Commercial

  $69   $128   $82   $279   $121,350   $1,141   $122,770 

Real estate:

              

Construction

   11    655    247    913    38,643      39,556 

Commercial

   467    538    170    1,175    492,545    702    494,422 

Residential

   4,537    1,322    290    6,149    213,579    886    220,614 

Consumer

   124    57    50    231    11,766      11,997 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $5,208   $2,700   $839   $8,747   $877,883   $2,729   $889,359 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Purchased credit impaired loans

               3,825 
              

 

 

Total Loans

              $893,184 
              

 

 

   Accrual Loans   Nonaccrual
Loans
   Total Loans 

December 31, 2019

  30-59 Days
Past Due
   60-89 Days
Past Due
   90 or More
Days Past
Due
   Total Past
Due
   Current 

Commercial

  $137   $    $    $137   $117,354   $1,159   $118,650 

Real estate:

              

Construction

   9        9    61,822      61,831 

Commercial

   147        147    453,774    459    454,380 

Residential

   3,402    820    18    4,240    202,202    669    207,111 

Consumer

   84    14    27    125    8,240      8,365 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $3,779   $834   $45   $4,658   $843,392   $2,287   $850,337 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Purchased credit impaired loans

               1,772 
              

 

 

 

Total Loans

              $852,109 
              

 

 

 

The following tables summarize information concerning impaired loans as of and for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and 2018,2019, and as of and for the year ended, December 31, 20182019 by major loan classification:

 

              This Quarter   Recorded
Investment
   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Related
Allowance
   This Quarter 

March 31, 2019

  Recorded
Investment
   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Related
Allowance
   Average
Recorded
Investment
   Interest
Income
Recognized
 

March 31, 2020

  Recorded
Investment
   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Related
Allowance
   Average
Recorded
Investment
   Interest
Income
Recognized
 

With no related allowance:

              

Commercial

  $189   $189     $169   $23   $1,098   $1,208     $873   $68 

Real estate:

                    

Construction

   85    85      43             

Commercial

   4,257    4,257      4,271    100    2,550    2,550      2,837    47 

Residential

   2,217    2,217      2,342    91    2,292    2,422      2,345    25 

Consumer

                    
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

   6,748    6,748      6,825    214    5,940    6,180      6,055    140 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

With an allowance recorded:

                    

Commercial

   841    841   $77    1,045      121    121   $29    653   

Real estate:

                    

Construction

                    

Commercial

   371    371    91    453    4    367    367    87    513    4 

Residential

   180    318    55    181    1          45   

Consumer

                    
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

   1,392    1,530    223    1,679    5    488    488    116    1,211    4 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Commercial

   1,030    1,030    77    1,214    23    1,219    1,329    29    1,526    68 

Real estate:

                    

Construction

   85    85      43             

Commercial

   4,628    4,628    91    4,724    104    2,917    2,917    87    3,350    51 

Residential

   2,397    2,535    55    2,523    92    2,292    2,422      2,390    25 

Consumer

                    
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $8,140   $8,278   $223   $8,504   $219   $6,428   $6,668   $116   $7,266   $144 
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

               For the Year Ended 

December 31, 2018

  Recorded
Investment
   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Related
Allowance
   Average
Recorded
Investment
   Interest
Income
Recognized
 

With no related allowance:

          

Commercial

  $149   $149     $459   $564 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   4,284    4,284      6,382    2,846 

Residential

   2,466    2,466      2,875    460 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   6,899    6,899      9,716    3,870 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded:

          

Commercial

   1,249    1,249   $382    1,117    7 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   534    534    78    676    17 

Residential

   181    319    28    184    3 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   1,964    2,102    488    1,977    27 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commercial

   1,398    1,398    382    1,576    571 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   4,818    4,818    78    7,058    2,863 

Residential

   2,647    2,785    28    3,059    463 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $8,863   $9,001   $488   $11,693   $3,897 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
               This Quarter 

March 31, 2018

  Recorded
Investment
   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Related
Allowance
   Average
Recorded
Investment
   Interest
Income
Recognized
 

With no related allowance:

          

Commercial

  $1,033   $1,033     $1,119   $353 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   8,084    8,084      8,736    1,035 

Residential

   3,152    3,170      3,252    79 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   12,269    12,287      13,107    1,467 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded:

          

Commercial

   1,105    1,105   $69    442    2 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   534    534    78    535    6 

Residential

   186    324    47    187    2 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   1,825    1,963    194    1,164    10 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commercial

   2,138    2,138    69    1,561    355 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   8,618    8,618    78    9,271    1,041 

Residential

   3,338    3,494    47    3,439    81 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $14,094   $14,250   $194   $14,271   $1,477 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Recorded
Investment
   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Related
Allowance
   For the Year Ended 

December 31, 2019

  Average
Recorded
Investment
   Interest
Income
Recognized
 

With no related allowance:

          

Commercial

  $1,147   $1,257     $648   $660 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   1,963    1,963      3,124    1,456 

Residential

   2,329    2,467      2,397    173 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   5,439    5,687      6,169    2,289 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded:

          

Commercial

   1,121    1,121   $712    685   

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   782    936    218    658    17 

Residential

         91   

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   1,903    2,057    930    1,434    17 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commercial

   2,268    2,378    712    1,333    660 

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   2,745    2,899    218    3,782    1,473 

Residential

   2,329    2,467      2,488    173 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $7,342   $7,744   $930   $7,603   $2,306 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

   Recorded
Investment
   Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   Related
Allowance
   This Quarter 

March 31, 2019

  Average
Recorded
Investment
   Interest
Income
Recognized
 

With no related allowance:

          

Commercial

  $189   $189     $169   $23 

Real estate:

          

Construction

   85    85      43   

Commercial

   4,257    4,257      4,271    100 

Residential

   2,217    2,217      2,342    91 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   6,748    6,748      6,825    214 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

With an allowance recorded:

          

Commercial

   841    841   $77    1,045   

Real estate:

          

Construction

          

Commercial

   371    371    91    453    4 

Residential

   180    318    55    181    1 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   1,392    1,530    223    1,679    5 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commercial

   1,030    1,030    77    1,214    23 

Real estate:

          

Construction

   85    85      43   

Commercial

   4,628    4,628    91    4,724    104 

Residential

   2,397    2,535    55    2,523    92 

Consumer

          
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $8,140   $8,278   $223   $8,504   $219 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

For the three months ended March 31, interest income related to impaired loans, would have been $21 in 2020 and $60 in 2019 and $47 in 2018 had the loans been current and the terms of the loans not been modified.

Troubled debt restructured loans are loans with original terms, interest rate, or both, that have been modified as a result of a deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition and a concession has been granted that the Company would not otherwise consider. Unless on nonaccrual, interest income on these loans is recognized when earned, using the interest method. The Company offers a variety of modifications to borrowers that would be considered concessions. The modification categories offered generally fall within the following categories:

 

Rate Modification—A modification in which the interest rate is changed to a below market rate.

 

Term Modification—A modification in which the maturity date, timing of payments or frequency of payments is changed.

 

Interest Only Modification—A modification in which the loan is converted to interest only payments for a period of time.

 

Payment Modification—A modification in which the dollar amount of the payment is changed, other than an interest only modification described above.

 

Combination Modification—Any other type of modification, including the use of multiple categories above.

Included in the commercial loan and commercial and residential real estate categories are troubled debt restructuringsrestructures that are classified as impaired. Troubled debt restructuringsrestructures totaled $2,680 at March 31, 2020, $2,701 at December 31, 2019 and $2,765 at March 31, 2019, $2,925 at December 31, 2018 and $5,429 at March 31, 2018.2019.

There was one loan modified as troubled debt restructuring for the three months ended March 31, 2019. There were no loans modified as troubled debt restructuringrestructures for the three months ended March 31, 2018.2020. There was one loan modified as a troubled debt restructure for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, there was one default for a commercial real estate loan totaling $368 on loans restructured. During the three months ended March 31, 2019 there was one default on a restructured residential loan restructured. In 2018, there were no defaults on loans restructured.loan.

Purchased loans are initially recorded at their acquisition date fair values. The carryover of the allowance for loan losses is prohibited as any credit losses in the loans are included in the determination of the fair value of the loans at the acquisition date. Fair values for purchased loans are based on a cash flow methodology that involves assumptions and judgments as to credit risk, default rates, loss severity, collateral values, discount rates, payment speeds, and prepayment risk.

As part of its acquisition due diligence process, the Bank reviews the acquired institution’s loan grading system and the associated risk rating for loans. In performing this review, the Bank considers cash flows, debt service coverage, delinquency status, accrual status, and collateral for the loan. This process allows the Bank to clearly identify the population of acquired loans that had evidence of deterioration in credit quality since origination and for which it was probable, at acquisition, that the Bank would be unable to collect all contractually required payments. All such loans identified by the Bank are considered to be within the scope of ASC310-30, Loan and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality and are identified as “Purchased Credit Impaired Loans”.

As a result of the merger with CBT, effective October 1, 2017, the Bank identified 37 PCI loans. As part of the merger with Citizens, effective December 31, 2015, the Bank identified 10 PCI loans. As a result of the consolidation with Union effective November 1, 2013, the Bank identified 14 PCI loans. For all PCI loans, the excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is referred to as the accretable discount and is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan. The difference between contractually required payments at acquisition and the cash flows expected to be collected at acquisition is referred to as thenon-accretable discount. Thenon-accretable discount represents estimated future credit losses expected to be incurred over the life of the loan. Subsequent decreases to the expected cash flows require the Bank to evaluate the need for an allowance for loan losses on these loans. Subsequent improvements in expected cash flows result in the reversal of a corresponding amount of thenon-accretable discount which the Bank then reclassifies as an accretable discount that is recognized into interest income over the remaining life of the loan. The Bank’s evaluation of the amount of future cash flows that it expects to collect is based on a cash flow methodology that involves assumptions and judgments as to credit risk, collateral values, discount rates, payment speeds, and prepayment risk. Charge-offs of the principal amount on purchased impaired loans are first applied to thenon-accretable discount.

For purchased loans that are not deemed impaired at acquisition, credit discounts representing principal losses expected over the life of the loans are a component of the initial fair value, and the discount is accreted to interest income over the life of the asset. Subsequent to the purchase date, the method used to evaluate the sufficiency of the credit discount is similar to originated loans, and if necessary, additional reserves are recognized in the allowance for loan losses.

The unpaid principal balances and the related carrying amount of acquired loans as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows:

   March 31,
2019
   December 31,
2018
 

Credit impaired purchased loans evaluated individually for incurred credit losses:

    

Outstanding balance

  $6,970   $7,491 

Carrying Amount

   3,487    3,825 

Other purchased loans evaluated collectively for incurred credit losses:

    

Outstanding balance

   297,987    315,013 

Carrying Amount

   297,522    314,328 

Total Purchased Loans:

    

Outstanding balance

   304,957    322,504 

Carrying Amount

  $301,009   $318,153 

As of the indicated dates, the changes in the accretable discount related to the purchased credit impaired loans were as follows:

   Quarter Ended March 31, 
   2019   2018 

Balance—beginning of period

  $579   $2,129 

Additions

    

Accretion recognized during the period

   (183   (1,443

Net reclassification fromnon-accretable to accretable

   34    969 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance—end of period

  $430   $1,655 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The Company is a party to financial instruments withoff-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, unused portions of lines of credit and standby letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess ofover and above the amount recognized in the consolidated balance sheets.

Unused portions ofoff-balance sheet commitments at March 31, 2019,2020, totaled $139,086$160,714, consisting of $71,867$85,796 in lines of credit, $32,263 in construction loans, $14,395 in commitments to extend credit, $61,488$23,745 in unused portions of lines of creditdeposit overdraft protection and $5,731$4,515 in standby letters of credit. Due to fixed maturity dates, specified conditions within these instruments, and the ultimate needs of our customers, many will expire without being drawn upon. We believe that amounts actually drawn upon can be funded in the normal course of operations and therefore, do not represent a significant liquidity risk to us. In comparison, unused portions ofoff-balance sheet commitments, at December 31, 2018,2019, totaled $161,732,$176,243, consisting of $96,431$81,665 in lines of credit, $41,168 in construction loans, $24,954 in commitments to extend credit, $59,512$23,730 in unused portions of lines of creditdeposit overdraft protection and $5,789$4,726 in standby letters of credit.

6. Other assets:

The components of other assets at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 are summarized as follows:

 

   March 31,
2019
   December 31,
2018
 

Other real estate owned

  $461   $721 

Bank owned life insurance

   30,049    29,862 

Restricted equity securities

   1,008    1,054 

Deferred tax assets

   5,721    5,884 

Leaseright-to-use assets

   3,606   

Other assets

   7,361    4,635 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $48,206   $42,156 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (“FHLB”) and Atlantic Community Bankers Bank (“ACBB”), the Company is required to purchase and hold stock in these entities to satisfy membership and borrowing requirements. These restricted

equity securities can only be redeemed or sold at their par value and only to the respective issuing institution or to another member institution. The Company records thesenon-marketable equity securities as a component of other assets and periodically evaluates these securities for impairment. Management considers thesenon-marketable equity securities to be long-term investments. Accordingly, when evaluating these securities for impairment, management considers the ultimate recoverability of the par value rather than recognizing temporary declines in value.

   March 31,
2020
   December 31,
2019
 

Other real estate owned

  $346   $82 

Bank owned life insurance

   30,840    30,647 

Restricted equity securities

   1,857    990 

Deferred tax assets

   4,169    4,272 

Leaseright-of-use assets

   3,678    3,856 

Other assets

   6,262    6,082 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $47,152   $45,929 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

7. Leases:

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU2016-02, Leases, as further explained in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. The Company’s primary leasing activities relate to certain real estate leases entered into in support of the Company’s branch operations and back office operations. On January 1, 2019,March 31, 2020, the Company leased 1214 of its 3231 locations. The Company’s branch locations operating under lease agreements have all been designated as operating leases. In addition, the Company leases certain equipment under operating leases. The Company does not have leases designated as finance leases.

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating leaseright-of-right-of-use

use (“ROU”) assets and operatingrelated lease liabilities inwere $3,678 and $3,723, respectively, and have remaining terms ranging from 1 to 34 years, including extension options that the consolidated balance sheets. ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any leasepre-payments made and excludes lease incentives. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain thatwill be exercised. For the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense forthree months ended March 31, 2020, operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease andnon-lease components, which the Company has elected to account for separately as thenon-lease component amounts are readily determinable under most leases.

As ofcost totaled $199. On March 31, 2019 the Company’s lease ROU assets and related lease liabilities were $3,606 and $3,616, respectively, and have remaining terms ranging from 1 to 35 years, including extension options that the Company is reasonably certain will be exercised.respectively. For the quarter ended March 31, 2019, operating lease cost totaled $147.

The table below summarizes other information related to our operating leases:

 

 Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019
   Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020
 Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019
 

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

    

Operating cash flows from operating leases

 $136   $199  $136 

ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities

 $3,719   $—    $3,719 

Weighted average remaining lease term—operating leases, in years

 12.10    9.13  12.10 

Weighted average discount rate—operating leases

 3.29   3.01 3.29

The following table outlines lease payment obligations as outlined in the Company’s lease agreements for each of the next five years and thereafter in addition to a reconcilement to the Company’s current lease liability.

 

2019

  $410 

2020

   530   $572 

2021

   531    754 

2022

   496    697 

2023

   352    485 

2024

   317 

Thereafter

   2,239    1,567 
  

 

   

 

 

Total lease payments

   4,558    4,392 

Less imputed interest

   (942   669 
  

 

   

 

 
  $3,616   $3,723 
  

 

   

 

 

As ofFor the three months ended March 31, 2019 ,2020, the Company haddid not enteredenter into any material leases that have not yet commenced.new lease arrangements.

8. Fair value estimates:

The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosure under GAAP. Fair value estimates are calculated without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business and the value of certain assets and liabilities that are not considered financial. Accordingly, such assets and liabilities are excluded from disclosure requirements.

In accordance with FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent markets. In many cases, these values cannot be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument. Current fair value guidance provides a consistent definition of fair value, which focuses on exit price in an orderly transaction that is not a forced liquidation or distressed sale between participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. If there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability, a change in valuation technique or the use of multiple valuation techniques may be appropriate. In such instances, determining the price at which willing market participants would transact at the measurement date under current market conditions depends on the facts and circumstances and requires the use of significant judgment. The fair value is a reasonable point within the range that is most representative of fair value under current market conditions.

In accordance with GAAP, the Company groups its assets and liabilities generally measured at fair value into three levels based on market information or other fair value estimates in which the assets and liabilities are traded or valued, and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels include:

 

Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices of identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

 

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

An asset’s or liability’s placement in the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value estimate.

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company to calculate fair values and related carrying amounts of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Investment securities:The fair values of U.S. Treasury securities and marketable equity securities are based on quoted market prices from active exchange markets. The fair values of debt securities are based on pricing from a matrix pricing model.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 are summarized as follows:

 

   Fair Value Measurement Using 

March 31, 2019

  Amount   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

State and Municipals:

        

Taxable

  $30,443     $30,443   

Tax-exempt

   7,668      7,668   

Mortgage-backed securities:

        

U.S. Government agencies

   27,282      27,282   

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   26,430      26,430   

Corporate debt obligations

   8,861                            8,861                     
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $100,684     $100,684   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

  Fair Value Measurement Using   Fair Value Measurement Using 

December 31, 2018

  Amount   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

March 31, 2020

  Amount   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

State and Municipals:

        

Taxable

  $10,153                   $10,153                 

Tax-exempt

   8,342      8,342   

Mortgage-backed securities:

        

U.S. Government agencies

   29,308      29,308   

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   17,842      17,842   

Corporate debt obligations

   2,757      2,757   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $68,402     $68,402   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 
  Fair Value Measurement Using 

December 31, 2019

  Amount   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

State and municipals:

                

Taxable

  $33,278     $33,278     $24,824                   $24,824                 

Tax-exempt

   12,776      12,776      4,333      4,333   

Mortgage-backed securities:

                

U.S. Government agencies

   23,670      23,670      36,134      36,134   

U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises

   26,195      26,195      22,645      22,645   

Corporate debt obligations

   8,758                            8,758                        3,311      3,311   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Total

  $104,677     $104,677     $91,247     $91,247   
  

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

 

Other real estate owned: Assets acquired through loan foreclosure are recorded at fair value less estimated costs to sell, with any difference between the fair value of the property and the carrying value of the loan recorded as acharge-off. If the fair value is higher than the carrying amount of the loan, the excess is recognized first as a recovery and then as noninterest income. Subsequent changes in value are reported as adjustments to the carrying amount and are recorded in noninterest expense. The carrying value of other real estate owned is notre-measured to fair value on a recurring basis but is subject to fair value adjustments when the carrying value differs from the fair value, less estimated selling costs. Fair value is based on recent real estate appraisals, current sale value assessments by real estate agents or pending offers to acquire by independent buyers and is updated at least annually. The Company classifies other real estate owned in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Impaired loans: The fair value of impaired loans is specifically reviewed for purposes of determining the appropriate amount of impairment to be allocated to the ALLL. Fair value is generally measured based on the value of the collateral securing the loans.

Collateral may be in the form ofinclude but is not necessarily limited to real estate, personal or business assets including vehicles, equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable.receivable or marketable securities. The value of real estate collateral is determined utilizing an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed third-party appraiser (Level 3). The value of business equipment is based on an outside appraisal, if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable borrower financial statements. Likewise, values for inventory, and accounts receivable or marketable security collateral are based on borrower financial statement balances or aging reports on a discounted basis as appropriate or custodian account statements (Level 3). Impaired loans are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan and lease losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 are summarized as follows:

 

   Fair Value Measurement Using 

March 31, 2019

  Amount   (Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
   (Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   (Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 

Other real estate owned

  $461       $461 

Impaired loans, net of related allowance

   1,169                                        1,169 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $1,630       $1,630 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Fair Value Measurement Using 

December 31, 2018

  Amount   (Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
   (Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   (Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 

Other real estate owned

  $721       $721 

Impaired loans, net of related allowance

   1,476        1,476 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $2,197       $2,197 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

   Fair Value Measurement Using 

March 31, 2020

  Amount   (Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
   (Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   (Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 

Other real estate owned

  $346                                   $346 

Impaired loans, net of related allowance

   372        372 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $718       $718 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
   Fair Value Measurement Using 

December 31, 2019

  Amount   (Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
   (Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
   (Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 

Other real estate owned

  $82       $82 

Impaired loans, net of related allowance

   973        973 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

  $1,055       $1,055 
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and for which the Company utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019.

 

  Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements   Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements 

March 31, 2019

  Fair Value
Estimate
   Valuation Techniques   Unobservable Input   Range
(Weighted Average)
 

March 31, 2020

  Fair Value
Estimate
   

Valuation Techniques

  

Unobservable Input

  Range
(Weighted Average)
 

Other real estate owned

  $461    Appraisal of collateral    Appraisal adjustments    8.0% to 69.0% (33.1)%   $346   

Appraisal of collateral

  

Appraisal adjustments

   46.0% to 60.0% (47.0)% 
       Liquidation expenses    7.0% to 7.0% (7.0)%       

Liquidation expenses

   10.0% to 10.0% (10.0)% 

Impaired loans

  $1,169    Appraisal of collateral    Appraisal adjustments    0.0% to 0.0% (0.0)%   $372   

Appraisal of collateral

  

Appraisal adjustments

   10.0% to 50.0% (32.0)% 
       Liquidation expenses    6.0% to 25.0% (12.3)%       

Liquidation expenses

   0.0% to 12.3% (5.7)% 
  Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements   Quantitative Information about Level 3 Fair Value Measurements 

December 31, 2018

  Fair Value
Estimate
   Valuation Techniques   Unobservable Input   Range
(Weighted Average)
 

December 31, 2019

  Fair Value
Estimate
   

Valuation Techniques

  

Unobservable Input

  Range
(Weighted Average)
 

Other real estate owned

  $721    Appraisal of collateral    Appraisal adjustments    0.0% to 69.0% (28.4)%   $82   

Appraisal of collateral

  

Appraisal adjustments

   42.0% to 60.0% (52.0)% 
       Liquidation expenses    0.0% to 7.0% (7.0)%       

Liquidation expenses

   10.0% to 10.0% (10.0)% 

Impaired loans

  $1,476    Appraisal of collateral    Appraisal adjustments    0.0% to 0.0% (0.0)%   $973   

Appraisal of collateral

  

Appraisal adjustments

   10.0% to 50.0% (22.0)% 
       Liquidation expenses    7.0% to 25.0% (10.3)%       

Liquidation expenses

   9.5% to 12.3% (8.8)% 

The carrying and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 and their placement within the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

 

      Fair Value Hierarchy   Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value Hierarchy 

March 31, 2019

  Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

March 31, 2020

  Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Financial assets:

                  

Cash and cash equivalents

  $68,101   $68,101   $68,101       $73,235   $73,235   $73,235     

Investment securities

   100,684    100,684     $100,684      68,402    68,402     $68,402   

Loans held for sale

   695    695      695      272    272      272   

Net loans (1)

   871,584    857,801       $857,801    879,198    860,456        860,456 

Accrued interest receivable

   3,018    3,018      737    2,281    2,589    2,589      345    2,244 

Financial liabilities:

                    

Deposits

  $1,001,029   $998,430     $998,430     $958,503   $962,450     $962,450   

Long-term debt

   6,912    6,912      6,912      26,992    26,575      26,575   

Accrued interest payable

   475    475      475      424    424      424   
      Fair Value Hierarchy   Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value Hierarchy 

December 31, 2018

  Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

December 31, 2019

  Carrying
Amount
   Fair Value   Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
for Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
   Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
   Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 

Financial assets:

                  

Cash and cash equivalents

  $53,816   $53,816   $53,816       $50,348   $50,348   $50,348     

Investment securitiesavailable-for-sale

   104,677    104,677     $104,677      91,247    91,247     $91,247   

Loans held for sale

   637    637      637      81    81      81   

Net loans (1)

   886,836    872,455       $872,455    844,593    836,074       $836,074 

Accrued interest receivable

   3,010    3,010      663    2,347    2,414    2,414      461    1,953 

Financial liabilities:

                    

Deposits

  $1,004,593   $999,929     $999,929     $940,480   $940,546     $940,546   

Long-term debt

   6,892    6,892      6,892      6,971    6,971      6,971   

Accrued interest payable

   484    484      484      435    435      435   

 

(1)1) 

The carrying amount is net of unearned income and the allowance for loan losses in accordance with the adoption of ASUNo. 2016-01 where the fair value of loans as of March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 20182019 was measured using an exit price notion.

9. Subsequent Events:

Note 9. Revenue recognition:

OnIn December 2019,COVID-19 surfaced in Wuhan, China, and has since spread around the world, resulting in significant business and socialdisruption. COVID-19 was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization on January 1, 2018,30, 2020. The operations and business results of the Company adopted ASUNo. 2014-09 “Revenue from Contractsare being materially affected by the pandemic. As of April 30, 2020, we have granted temporary modifications to consumer and commercial loan customers for 355 loans with Customers” (Topic 606) and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 606.outstanding balances totaling $185,188, or 20.9%, of total loans. The implementationdeferral of the new standard did not have a material impactinterest payments on the measurement or recognition of revenue; as such, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was not deemed necessary. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under Topic 605.

Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue fromthese loans and securities. In addition, certain noninterest income streams such as fees associated with mortgage servicing rights, financial guarantees, derivatives, and certain credit card fees aretotal $2,024. The Company has also not in scope of the new guidance. Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as trust and asset management income, deposit related fees, interchange fees, merchant income, and other fees. However, the recognition of these revenue streams did not change significantly upon adoption of Topic 606. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Noninterest revenue streamsin-scope of Topic 606 are discussed below.

Service Charges, Fees and Commissions

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of monthly service fees, check orders, and other deposit account related fees. The Company’s performance obligation for monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Check orders and other deposit account related fees are largely transactional based, and therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately orparticipated in the following month throughCoronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), Paycheck Protection Program, a direct chargemulti-billion dollar specializedlow-interest loan program funded by the U.S. Treasury Department and administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration. The PPP provides borrower guarantees for lenders, as well as loan forgiveness incentives for borrowers that utilize the loan proceeds to customers’ accounts.

Fees, exchange, and other service charges are primarily comprised of debit and credit card income, ATM fees, merchant services income, and other service charges. Debit and credit card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Company’s debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks such as Mastercard. Such income is presented net of network expenses as the Company acts as an agent in these transactions. ATM fees are primarily generated when a Company cardholder uses anon-Company ATM, or anon-Company cardholder uses a Company ATM. Merchant services income mainly represents fees charged to merchants to process their debit and credit card transactions, in addition to account management fees. Other service charges include revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks, and other services. The Company’s performance obligation for fees, exchange, and other service charges are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.

Other noninterest income consists of other recurring revenue streams such as commissions from sales of mutual funds and other investments, investment advisor fees from wealth management products, safety deposit box rental fees, and other miscellaneous revenue streams. Commissions from the sale of mutual funds and other investments are recognized on trade date, which is whencover employee compensation-related business operating costs. Through April 30, 2020, the Company has satisfied its performance obligation.submitted 1,534 PPP loans totaling $297,400, most of which have been approved and await customer execution of the loan documents. The Company also receives periodic service feesis utilizing the Federal Reserve’s Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility (“PPPLF”) to meet the funding needs of its borrowers of PPP loans.

The extent to which the coronavirus may impact business activity or trailers from mutual fund companies typically basedfinancial results will depend on a percentage of net asset value. Trailer revenue is recorded over time, usually monthly or quarterly, as net asset value is determined. Investment advisor fees from wealth management products is earned over timefuture developments, which are highly uncertain and based on an annual percentage ratecannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of the net asset value. The investment advisor fees are charged to the customer’s account in advance on the first month of the quarter,coronavirus and the revenue is recognized overactions required to contain the following three-month period. Safe deposit box rental fees are charged to the customer on an annual basis and recognized upon receipt of payment. The Company determined that since rentals and renewals occur fairly consistently over time, revenue is recognized on a basis consistent with the duration of the performance obligation.

Trust and Asset Management

Trust and asset management income is primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon themonth-end market value of the assets under management and the applicable fee rate. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. The Company does not earn performance-based incentives. Optional services such as real estate sales and tax return preparation services are also available to existing trust and asset management customers. The Company’s performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time (i.e., as incurred). Payment is received shortly after services are rendered.coronavirus or treat its impact, among others.

The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streamsin-scope andout-of-scope of Topic 606, for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

March 31,

  2019   2018 

Noninterest Income:

    

In-scope of Topic 606:

    

Service charges, fees and commissions

  $1,053   $1,228 

Trust and asset management

   507    364 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Noninterest income(in-scope of Topic 606)

   1,560    1,592 

Noninterest income(out-of-scope of Topic 606)

   251    361 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total noninterest income

  $1,811   $1,953 
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Contract Balances

A contract asset balance occurs when an entity performs a service for a customer before the customer pays consideration, resulting in a contract receivable, or before payment is due, resulting in a contract asset. A contract liability balance is an entity’s obligation to transfer a service to a customer for which the entity has already received payment (or payment is due) from the customer. The Company’s noninterest revenue streams are largely based on transactional activity, or standardmonth-end revenue accruals such as asset management fees based onmonth-end market values. Consideration is often received immediately or shortly after the Company satisfies its performance obligation and revenue is recognized. The Company does not typically enter into long-term revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any significant contract balances.

Contract Acquisition Costs

In connection with the adoption of Topic 606, an entity is required to capitalize, and subsequently amortize into expense, certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if these costs are expected to be recovered. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that an entity incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained, for example, sales commission. The Company utilizes the practical expedient which allows entities to immediately expense contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs would have been amortized in one year or less. Upon adoption of Topic 606, the Company did not capitalize any contract acquisition cost.

Riverview Financial Corporation

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)

Item 2.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated interim financial statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this report, and with our audited consolidated financial statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” presented in our Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements:

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. These statements are based on assumptions and may describe future plans, strategies and expectations of Riverview Financial Corporation and its direct and indirect subsidiaries. These forward-looking statements are generally identified by use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project” or similar expressions. All statements in this report, other than statements of historical facts, are forward-looking statements.

Our ability to predict results or the actual effect of future plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: our ability to achieve the intended benefits of acquisitions and integration of previously acquired businesses; restructuring initiatives; changes in interest rates; economic conditions, particularly in our market area; legislative and regulatory changes and the ability to comply with the significant laws and regulations governing the banking and financial services business; monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government, including policies of the U.S. Department of Treasury and the Federal Reserve System; credit risk associated with lending activities and changes in the quality and composition of our loan and investment portfolios; demand for loan and other products; deposit flows; competition; changes in the values of real estate and other collateral securing the loan portfolio, particularly in our market area; changes in relevant accounting principles and guidelines; and inability of third party service providers to perform. Most recently, the risk factors associated with the onset ofCOVID-19 could have a material adverse effect on significant estimates, operations and business results of Riverview. For a discussion of the risks and potential impacts of theCOVID-19 refer to Note 1 entitled “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies-Basis of presentation” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating forward-looking statements and undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. Except as required by applicable law or regulation, Riverview Financial Corporation does not undertake, and specifically disclaims any obligation, to release publicly the result of any revisions that may be made to any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of the statements or to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements referred to in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) are incorporated by reference into the MD&A. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current year’s presentation and did not have any effect on the operating results or financial position of the Company.

Critical Accounting Policies:

Disclosure of our significant accounting policies are included in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statementsConsolidated Financial Statements of the Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.2019. Some of these policies are particularly sensitive requiring significant judgments, estimates and assumptions. Critical accounting policies are defined as those that are reflective of significant judgments and uncertainties and could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We believe that the most critical accounting policies upon which our financial condition and results of operation depend, and which involve the most complex subjective decisions or assessments, are included in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in the Company’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018,2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2019.16, 2020.

Operating Environment:

Growth increased in the first quarter of 2019 from 2.2% recorded in the fourth quarter of 2018, reflecting positive contributions from personal consumption expenditures, private inventory investment, exports, state and local government spending and nonresidential fixed investment. TheEconomic growth measured as gross domestic product (“GDP”), the value of all goods and services produced in the United States, increaseddecreased at an annualized rate of 3.2%4.8% in the first quarter of 2020. The decline in first quarter GDP was primarily in response to the spread ofCOVID-19, as governments issued“stay-at-home” orders in March. This led to rapid changes in demand, as businesses and schools switched to remote work or canceled operations, and consumers canceled, restricted or redirected their

spending. The decrease in GDP in the first quarter reflected negative contributions from personal consumption expenditures (“PCE”), nonresidential fixed investment, exports, and private inventory investment that were partly offset by positive contributions from residential fixed investment, federal government spending, and state and local government spending. The decrease in PCE reflected decreases in services, led by health care and travel, and goods, led by motor vehicles and parts and services.

The impact of the virus has been felt nationally and within our primary market area as unemployment rates have begun to escalate. Unemployment in the United States was 4.4% and 3.8% in March 2020 and 2019. respectively. With respect to the markets we serve, the unemployment rate increased in all the counties in which we have office locations. The average unemployment rate for counties in our market area increased to 6.3% in March 2020 compared to 4.5% in March 2019. The resulting impacts of the pandemic on consumer and business customers, including the sudden significant increase in the unemployment rate, is expected to cause changes in consumer and business spending, borrowing needs and saving habits, which will likely affect the demand for loans and other products and services we offer, as well as the creditworthiness of potential and current borrowers and delinquency rates. Our business and consumer customers are experiencing varying degrees of financial distress, which is expected to increase over coming months and will likely adversely affect borrowers’ ability to timely pay interest and principal on their loans and the value of the collateral securing their obligations. This in turn may influence the recognition of credit losses in our loan portfolios and has increased our allowance for loan losses, particularly as businesses remain closed and as more customers are expected to draw on their lines of credit or seek additional loans to help finance their businesses. Disruptions to our customers’ businesses could also result in declines in, among other things, trust and wealth management revenue. These developments, as a consequence of the pandemic, are materially impacting our business, the businesses of our customers and are expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial results for 2020, as evidenced by our first quarter results.

Inflationary pressure was tempered as reflected by the PCE price index forindexincreasing at a lower rate of 1.3 percent, compared with an increase of 1.4 percent. The Consumer Price Index (“CPU”) declined 0.4 percent in March on a seasonally adjusted basis, the largest monthly decline since January 2015. Over the last 12 months, rose 1.9% ending March 31, 2019. Excluding the foodCPU increased 1.5 percent caused primarily by a sharp decline in gasoline prices along with decreases in airline fares, lodging and energy components, core consumer price index increased 2.0% overapparel costs. Concerns about the latest twelve months which

equaledspread of the disease and its anticipated negative impact on economic activity, severely disrupted domestic financial markets prompting the Federal Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) inflation benchmark of 2.0%.the Federal Reserve Board to aggressively cut the target Federal Funds rate to a range of 0% to 0.25%, including a50-basis point reduction on March 3, 2020 and an additional 100 basis point reduction on March 15, 2020. Accordingly, these monetary policy actions have already adversely impacted and may continue to impact our net interest margin if we are unable to reduce fund costs at the same magnitude or pace as repricing earning assets. Based on previous trendsthe aforementioned economic conditions, we believe that we may experience a material adverse effect in our business, results of higher inflation followed by current trends toward price stabilityoperations and slower growth,financial condition as a result of the FOMC held the federal funds target rate range on March 20, 2019 at 2.25% to 2.50%. The FOMC is expected to hold course on rate changes until there are more indications regarding future economic activity. Accordingly, additional interest rate increases may haveCOVID-19 pandemic for an adverse impact on our loan growth, asset quality and fund costs.indefinite period.

Review of Financial Position:

Total assets increased $1,109$37,089 to $1,138,712$1,117,043 at March 31, 2019,2020, from $1,137,603$1,079,954 at December 31, 2018.2019. Loans, net, decreasedincreased to $878,070$887,449 at March 31, 2019,2020, compared to $893,184$852,109 at December 31, 2018, a decrease2019, an increase of $15,114.$35,340. Business lending, including commercial and commercial real estate loans, decreased $11,542,increased $23,142, retail lending, including residential mortgages and consumer loans, decreased $7,307, whileincreased $1,449, and construction lending increase $3,735increased $10,749 during the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020. Investment securities decreased $3,993,$22,845, or 3.8%25.0%, in the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020. Noninterest-bearing deposits increased $2,306,$1,228, while interest-bearing deposits decreased $5,870 inincreased $16,795 during the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020. Total stockholders’ equity decreased $420, or 0.4%,increased $331, to $113,490$118,441 at March 31, 20192020 from $113,910$118,110 atyear-end 2018.2019. For the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, total assets averaged $1,129,650,$1,085,345, a decrease of $33,592$44,305 from $1,163,242$1,129,650 for the same period in 2018.2019.

Investment Portfolio:

The Company’s entire investment portfolio is held asavailable-for-sale, which allows for greater flexibility in using the investment portfolio for liquidity purposes by allowing securities to be sold when favorable market opportunities exist. Investment securitiesavailable-for-sale totaled $100,684$68,402 at March 31, 2019,2020, a decrease of $3,993,$22,845, or 3.8%25.0%, from $104,677$91,247 at December 31, 2018. The decrease was2019. During 2019, management put into action a strategic initiative to reconstitute the footprint of its distribution channel from underperforming markets to regions with greater growth and profit potential. As part of this plan, we hired a number of established and seasoned commercial relationship managers to operate in these new markets during the latter part of 2019. As a result, of payments, prepayments, and sales on investments partially offset by $7,647 securities acquiredwe experienced significant loan growth in the three months ended March 31,first quarter of 2020. The onset ofCOVID-19 caused a marked reduction in general market rates which increased the value of fixed rate securities and lowered the yield on adjustable rate securities. This provided us the opportunity to partially fund our loan demand and reduce our exposure to falling interest rates through the sale of investment securities at a net gain. Accordingly, we sold $27,168 in investment securitiesavailable-for-sale which consisted of equal portions of longer-term municipal obligations and adjustable rate US Government mortgage backed securities. The net gain on the sale amounted to $815 in the first quarter of 2020 compared to a net loss recognized of $42 in the first quarter of 2019.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, the investment portfolio averaged $108,256, an increase$82,028, a decrease of $15,468,$26,228, compared to $92,788$108,256 for the same period last year. Thetax-equivalent yield on the investment portfolio increaseddecreased 25 basis points to 3.10%2.85% for the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, from 2.74%3.10% for the comparable period of 2018. Thetax-equivalent yield on the investment portfolio for the first quarter of 2019 increased 11 basis points to 3.10% from 2.99% for the fourth quarter of 2018.2019.

Securitiesavailable-for-sale are carried at fair value, with unrealized gains or losses net of deferred income taxes reported in the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) component of stockholders’ equity. We reported a net unrealized holding loss,gain, included as a separate component of stockholders’ equity of $884,$722, net of deferred income taxes of $234$192 at March 31, 2019, and $1,725,2020. This compares with a net unrealized holding gain of $534, net of deferred income taxes of $458$142, at December 31, 2018.2019. The decreaseincrease in the net unrealized holding lossgain was athe result of reductions in general market rates.

Loan Portfolio:

Loans, net, decreasedincreased to $878,070$887,449 at March 31, 20192020 from $893,184$852,109 at December 31, 2018, a decrease2019, an increase of $15,114,$35,340, or 1.7%4.1%. Business loans, including commercial and commercial real estate loans, decreased $11,542,increased $23,142, or 1.9%4.0%, to $608,974$597,701 at March 31, 20192020 from $620,516$574,559 at December 31, 2018.2019. Retail loans, including residential real estate and consumer loans, decreased $7,307,increased $1,449, or 3.1%0.7%, to $225,805$217,168 at March 31, 20192020 from $233,112$215,719 at December 31, 2018.2019. Construction lending increased $3,735$10,749, or 9.4%17.4%, to 43,291$72,580 at March 31, 20192020 from $39,556$61,831 at December 31, 2018. Loan originations in the first three months2019. Construction loans consisted of 2019 represented a more moderate pace as compared$10,005 for residential homes and rental properties and $62,575 for land development loans at March 31, 2020. Residential construction loans included $4,684 for loans to the same periodindividuals to build personal residences and $5,231 for loans to finance builders of 2018.residential properties. Land development loans consisted of $8,285 for residential land developments, $52,129 for commercial land developments and $2,161 for consumer land loans. The reductionincrease in loan growth was a resultdue to originations in new and existing markets and from the addition of management’s decision to focus on improving margins on loan originations through employing prudent pricing practices and maintaining strong underwriting standards.relationship managers hired in the latter part of 2020.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, loans, net averaged $886,813,$874,420, a decrease of $58,914$12,393 compared to $945,727$886,813 for the same period of 2018.in 2019. Thetax-equivalent yield on the loan portfolio was 5.02%4.64% for the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, a 36 basis38-basis point decrease from 5.02% for the comparable period last year. Loan accretion included in loan interest income in the first three months of 20192020 related to acquired loans was $439. $132 compared to $439 for the same period in 2019.

The economic slowdown associated withtax-equivalentCOVID-19 yieldmay have an adverse impact on the growth and asset quality of our loan portfolio, decreased 49 basis points duringespecially those industry segments being severely impacted by the pandemic. Specifically, we have identified the following industries, by the amount of aggregate loans and percentage of total loans as of March 31, 2020 in our loan portfolio that may have increased exposure to this pandemic event:

   March 31, 2020 

Industry:

  Amount   % of Total
Loans
 

Mining, Quarry, Oil and Gas

  $1,706    0.2

Construction-Land Subdivision

   20,232    2.3

Manufacturing

   12,606    1.4

Wholesale Trade

   4,999    0.6

Automobile Dealers

   7,086    0.8

Non-Residential Rentals and Leasing

   259,240    29.2

Residential Rental and Leasing

   110,028    12.4

Health Care

   11,915    1.3

Arts, Entertainment and Recreation

   5,683    0.6

Hospitality

   56,750    6.4

Restaurants

   8,873    1.0
  

 

 

   
  $499,118    56.2
  

 

 

   

There have been a number of initiatives recently instituted by the Federal Government that may help offset the adverse impact on the growth and asset quality of our loan portfolio. In response to the economic slowdown caused byCOVID-19, President Donald Trump signed into law the CARES Act on March 27, 2020 which included numerous provisions including the institution of the establishment of the PPP. The PPP was created to provide funding to small business owners who may have had to temporarily close or scale back production as a result of theCOVID-19 pandemic. The PPP provides borrower guarantees for lenders, as well as loan forgiveness incentives for borrowers that utilize the loan proceeds to cover employment-sustaining payroll costs and benefits, as well as other significant costs including the small businesses’ rent, mortgage, and utilities. There has been considerable demand for PPP loans implemented by the CARES Act. As a U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) lender, we have been participating in the PPP and were able to approve 296 PPP loans totaling $39,700 in the first quarterround of 2019government funding. On April 24, 2020, the President signed into law a second round of PPP funding. We continue to 5.02% from 5.51%actively participate in the fourth quarter PPP and as

of 2018. The primary causeApril 30, 2020 have submitted 1,238 additional applications approximating $257,700 to the SBA in the second round of funding, most of which have been approved and await customer execution of the decreaseloan documentation. On April 9, 2020, the FDIC, Federal Reserve and OCC created the PPPLF to bolster the effectiveness of the PPP by providing liquidity to and neutralizing the regulatory capital effects on participating financial institutions. We intend to utilize the liquidity relief offered by the PPPLF to the extent needed and as a result, do not expect our participation in the PPP to have a negative impact on our liquidity position, capital resources, financial condition or results of operations. Offsetting the positive influence offered by the PPP is the fact that most states, including the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, have placed significant restrictions ontax-equivalentnon-essential yield wasbusinesses as well as enforcing social distancing. The longer these restrictions are in place the realizationmore severe the effects of lower accretion on purchased loans.the economic slowdown will be and the greater the negative consequences for our loan customers which, in turn, could adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, liquidity and results of operations.

In addition to the risks inherent in our loan portfolio in the normal course of business, we are also a party to financial instruments withoff-balance sheet risk to meet the financing needs of our customers. These instruments include legally binding commitments to extend credit, unused portions of lines of credit and commercial letters of credit made under the same underwriting standards ason-balance sheet instruments, and may involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk and interest rate risk (“IRR”) in excess of the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements.

Unused portions ofOff-balanceoff-balance sheet commitments at March 31, 2019,2020, totaled $139,086,$160,714, consisting of $71,867$85,796 in lines of credit, $32,263 in construction loans, $14,395 in commitments to extend credit, $61,488$23,745 in deposit overdraft protection and $4,515 in standby letters of credit. In comparison, unused portions ofoff-balance sheet commitments, at December 31, 2019, totaled $176,243, consisting of $81,665 in lines of credit, $41,168 in construction loans, $24,954 in commitments to extend credit, $23,730 in deposit overdraft protection and $4,726 in standby letters of credit.

With the onset of theCOVID-19 pandemic, we are continually monitoring draws on unused portions of lines of credit and $5,731 in standby lettersconstruction loans. Unused portions of lines of credit totaled $85,796 at March 31, 2020, consisting of $52,694 of commercial lines of credit and $33,102 of consumer lines of credit. DueComparatively, subsequent to fixed maturity dates, specified conditions within these instruments, and the ultimate needs of our customers, many will expire without being drawn upon. We believe that amounts actually drawn upon can be funded in the normal course of operations and therefore, do not represent a significant liquidity risk to us. In comparison,off-balance sheet commitments, at December 31, 2018, totaled $161,732, consisting of $96,431 in commitments to extend credit, $59,512 inquarter end, unused portions of lines of credit totaled $88,653 at April 30, 2020, consisting of $55,260 of commercial lines of credit and $5,789 in standby letters$33,393 of consumer lines of credit. Unused portions of construction loans totaled $32,263 at March 31, 2020 consisting of $29,022 of commercial construction loans and $3,241 of consumer construction loans. In comparison, at April 30, 2020 unused portions of construction loans totaled $24,373 consisting of $22,398 of commercial construction loans and $1,975 of consumer construction loans.

Asset Quality:

National, Pennsylvania and our market area unemployment rates at March 31, 20192020 and 20182019 are summarized as follows:

 

  2019 2018   2020 2019 

United States

   3.8 4.0   4.4 3.8

Pennsylvania

   3.9 4.4   6.0 4.3

Berks County

   4.1 4.3   5.9 4.2

Blair County

   4.2 4.3   6.2 4.3

Bucks County

   5.2 3.8

Centre County

   3.1 3.1   4.4 3.0

Clearfield County

   5.5 5.7   8.0 5.6

Cumberland County

   4.3 3.1

Dauphin County

   3.7 4.0   5.3 3.7

Huntingdon County

   6.4 6.3   9.4 6.6

Lebanon County

   3.7 3.8   5.2 3.7

Lehigh County

   6.0 4.5

Lycoming County

   5.0 5.5   7.4 5.2

Northumberland County

   5.8 5.8

Perry County

   3.8 3.9   5.0 3.7

Schuylkill County

   5.4 5.5   7.1 5.5

Somerset County

   5.8 6.1   8.2 5.8

Employment conditions deteriorated in 2019 improved2020 for the United States andNation, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and either improved or remained the same for all of the Countieswithin every county in which we have branch locations with the exception of Huntingdon County.locations. The average unemployment rate for all of our Counties improvedcounties increased to 4.7%6.3% in 20192020 from 4.9%4.5% in 2018.2019. The lowest unemployment rate in 20192020 for all the Countiescounties we serve was 3.1%4.3% which was in CentreCumberland County, withand the highest recorded rate being 6.4%9.4% in Huntingdon County. An increase in unemployment rates may have a negative impact on economic growth within these areas and could have a corresponding effect on our business by decreasing loan demand and weakening asset quality.

We currently have in place a number of processes, procedures and monitoring tools to manage credit risk that will assist us in navigating our Company through this pandemic, including but not limited to:

Approval Process – No single approval authorities. All loans are approved by two authorized officers with higher exposures approved by a committee process.

Concentration Management – Concentration limits by industry are established by policy and monitored and reported to the Board of Directors quarterly.

CRE Stress Testing – CRE Stress testing is conducted at the individual transaction level for new loans and with annual reviews of existing relationships. The credit department utilizes a cash flow analysis to stress individual loans for increased interest rate, decreased occupancy, and a combination of these two scenarios. In addition, a break-even interest rate and break-even occupancy level is calculated.

CRE Stress Testing is also conducted quarterly at the portfolio level with results reported to the Board of Directors. The stress testing includes a mild and severe stress test. The stress test factors include: Interest rate shocks for both fixed and variable rate loans; changes or declines in Net Operating Income; and declines in collateral value. Asset quality is quantified by analyzingLoan-to-Value and Debt Service Coverage ratios. Stress testing is commensurate with our current and projected credit risk profile. Management will revisit stress testing procedures in the event our risk profile changes. Changes in the risk profile may stem from the introduction of a new product, changes in economic conditions both locally and nationally, or other internal or external factors that may affect credit quality.

A CRE market summary report is prepared and reported to the Board of Directors quarterly. The report provides a detailed analysis of CRE activity for each of the Bank’s geographic markets, and for each property type within each market. Job growth, employment statistics, demographic statistics, supply and demand, absorption rates, vacancy rates, rental and expense data and market sales history are all considered.

Loan Quality Review – A Commercial Loan Quality Review meeting is conducted quarterly by the Chief Credit Officer and Chief Lending Officer. Commercial account officers, the Credit Manager and the Special Assets Manager are required to attend. This process is intended to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of risk ratings, and to provide a framework for monitoring and managing problem accounts. Credits reviewed include all Pass/Watch rated loans over $750, and all Special Mention and all Substandard rated loans over $25.

Collection Committee – The Collection Committee consist of the President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Lending Officer, Chief Credit Officer, Chief Risk Officer, Chief Strategy Officer, and Special Assets Manager. The Collection Committee meetsbi-weekly, or more often if necessary. The Collection Committee reviews all delinquent accounts, allnon- accrual accounts, all bankruptcies and workouts in process. The committee is responsible to approve all charge off recommendations, placement of accounts into and out of nonaccrual status, troubled debt restructurings, OREO transactions and sale of OREO, and other actions to be taken on problem loans.

External Loan Review – The Bank engages an outside independent firm on at least an annual basis to conduct a full scope loan review. The scope of review is determined and structured to ensure that the number of loans and percentage of dollar coverage of the commercial loan and commercial mortgage portfolios reviewed will be sufficient to achieve the below-stated objectives and conform to regulatory standards. The objectives of the review are as follows: (i) to identify, evaluate and appropriately grade loans that have potential or existing credit weaknesses; (ii) to determine the overall quality of commercial and industrial loan and commercial real estate mortgage portfolios, including the effect of any concentrations of credit and the changes in the level of such concentrations; (iii) to identify exceptions in financial, loan and collateral documentation; (iv) to evaluate compliance with laws, regulations and internal policies relating to commercial lending activities, and; (v) to provide recommendations on policies, procedures and practices, if appropriate.

Our asset quality improveddeteriorated slightly in the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020. Nonperforming assets decreased $1,245,increased $651, or 17.3%12.8%, to $5,957$5,731 at March 31, 2019,2020, from $7,202$5,080 at December 31, 2018.2019. We experienced decreasesincreases in nonaccrual loans, other real estate owned and accruing loans past due 90 days or more partially offset by decreases in nonaccrual loans and accruing troubled debt restructured loans. As a percentage of loans, net and foreclosed assets, nonperforming assets equaled 0.68%0.65% at March 31, 20192020 compared to 0.81%0.60% at December 31, 2018.2019.

Loans on nonaccrual status decreased $86$239 to $2,643$2,048 at March 31, 20192020 from $2,729$2,287 at December 31, 2018.2019. The decrease in nonaccrual loans was due to decreases of $300$372 in commercial loans and $50 in residential loans, offset partially offset by increasesan increase of $79$183 in commercial real estate loans and $135 in residential real estate loans. Accruing troubled debt restructured loans declined $182,$20, to $2,731$2,646 at March 31, 20192020 from $2,913$2,666 at December 31, 2018.2019. Accruing loans past due 90 days or more decreased $717, whileincreased $646, and other real estate owned decreased $260increased $264 during the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020.

Nonperforming assets decreased $2,467$226 to $5,731 at March 31, 2020 from $5,957 at March 31, 2019 from $8,424 at March 31, 2018.2019. Decreases in nonaccrual loans, accruing troubled debt restructured loans and other real estate owned were partially offset by an increase in accruing loans past due 90 days or more.

In response to theCOVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact to our customers, we implemented short-term modification programs that comply with regulatory and accounting guidance to provide temporary payment relief to those borrowers directly impacted byCOVID-19 who were not more than 30 days past due at the time we implemented our modification programs. These programs allow for a deferral of principal, or principal and interest payments for a maximum of 180 days on a cumulative and successive basis. The deferred payments, including interest accrued during the deferral period, if applicable, result in the extension of the loan due date by the number of months deferred. As of March 31, 2020, we had not granted any deferral of payments under these programs.

As of April 30, 2020, we have granted temporary modifications to consumer and commercial loan customers for 355 loans with outstanding balances totaling $185,188, or 20.9%, of total loans. Depending on the circumstances and request from the borrower, modifications were partially offset by increases in nonaccrualmade to defer all payments for loans requiring principal and other real estate owned.

Generally, maintaining a high loaninterest payments, or to deposit ratio is our primary goal in order to maximize profitability. However, this objective is superseded by our attempts to ensure that asset quality remains strong. Wedefer principal payments only and continue to focuscollect interest payments, or to defer all interest payments for loans requiring interest only payments. The following table summarizes information concerning loan modifications made as of April 30, 2020, by loan classification:

   Number
of
Loans
   Amount   % of
Outstanding
  Aggregate Deferred Payments 
  Principal   Interest 

Commercial

   83   $24,522    20.2 $631   $315 

Construction:

         

Commercial

   14    10,013    18.3  50    128 

Hospitality

   3    15,761    88.9  55    185 
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   17    25,774    35.5  105    313 
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Commercial Real Estate:

         

Multi Family

   13    4,786    8.4  74    44 

Owner Occupied

   69    30,897    24.5  623    322 

Non-Owner Occupied

   29    48,413    21.8  1,481    304 

Hospitality

   7    21,930    56.6  241    276 

Agricultural

   10    6,725    20.5  102    124 
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   128    112,751    23.7  2,521    1,070 
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Residential Real Estate

   116    21,897    10.4  307    320 

Consumer

   11    244    3.3  8    6 
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total

   355   $185,188    20.9 $3,572   $2,024 
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

In March 2020, a joint statement was issued by federal and state regulatory agencies, after consultation with the FASB, to clarify that short-term loan modifications are not troubled debt restructurings (“TDR”) if made on a good-faith basis in response toCOVID-19 to borrowers who were current prior to the implementation of our efforts on maintaining sound underwriting standardsdeferral programs. Under this guidance, six months is provided as an example of short-term, and current is defined as less than 30 days past due at the time the modification programs were implemented. The guidance also provides that these modified loans generally will not be classified as nonaccrual during the term of the modification. For all borrowers who enroll in these loan modification programs offered as a result ofCOVID-19, the delinquency status of the borrowers is frozen, resulting in a static delinquency metric during the deferral period. Upon exiting the deferral program, the measurement of loan delinquency will resume where it had left off upon entry into the program, and the modifications will not impact a borrower’s repayment history for both commercialcredit repayment reporting purposes. For borrowers who are 30 days or more past due when enrolling in a loan modification program related to theCOVID-19 pandemic, we evaluate the loan modifications under our existing TDR framework, and consumer credit.where such a loan modification would result in a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty, the loan will be accounted for as a TDR.

We maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level we believe adequate to absorb probable credit losses related to specifically identified loans, as well as probable incurred loan losses inherent in the remainder of the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. The allowance for loan losses is based on past events and current economic conditions. We employ the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council Interagency Policy Statement, as amended, and GAAP in assessing the adequacy of the allowance account.

Under GAAP, the adequacy of the allowance account is determined based on the provisions of FASB Accounting Standards

Codification (“ASC”) 310, “Receivables”, for loans specifically identified to be individually evaluated for impairment and the requirements of FASB ASC 450, “Contingencies”, for large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans to be collectively evaluated for impairment.

We follow our systematic methodology in accordance with procedural discipline by applying it in the same manner regardless of whether the allowance is being determined at a high point or a low point in the economic cycle. Each quarter, the Chief Credit Officer identifies those loans to be individually evaluated for impairment and those loans collectively evaluated for impairment utilizing standard criteria. Grades are assigned quarterly to loans identified to be individually evaluated. A loan’s grade may differ from period to period based on current conditions and events. However, we consistently utilize the same grading system each quarter. We consistently use loss experience from the latest eight quarters in determining the historical loss factor for each pool collectively evaluated for impairment. Qualitative factors are evaluated in the same manner each quarter and are adjusted within a relevant range of values based on current conditions. We continue to evaluate risks which may impact our loan portfolios. As a result of the coronavirus pandemic and resultant business shutdowns and unemployment spikes, we reviewed our loan portfolio segments, assessing the likely impact ofCOVID-19 on each segment and established specific qualitative adjustment factors. As we weigh additional information on the potential impact of this event on our overall economic prospects coupled with our loan officers’ further assessments of the impact on individual borrowers, our delinquencies and loss estimates will be revised as needed, and these revisions could have a material impact on future provisions to the allowance for loan losses and results of operations. For additional disclosure related to the allowance for loan losses refer to the note entitled, “Loans, net and Allowance for Loan Losses”, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements to this Quarterly Report.

The allowance for loan losses increased $138$735 to $6,486$8,251 at March 31, 2019,2020, from $6,348$7,516 at the end of 2018.2019. The increase in the allowance was a result of the provision for loan losses of $583$1,800 for the first three months of 20192020 exceeding net charge-offs for the period. The provision for loan losses totaled $1,800 for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, compared to $583 for the same period in 2019. The increase in the provision for loan losses was the combined result of loan growth, increases in historical loss factors primarily due to thecharge-off of one large unsecured credit, and changes in qualitative factors related to the reserve build associated with the effects ofCOVID-19 as of the balance sheet date. During the first quarter of 2020, the economy experienced a significant deterioration in the macroeconomic environment driven by theCOVID-19 pandemic, which impacted our allowance for loan losses. Our qualitatively determined allowance associated with deterioration in the macroeconomic outlook fromCOVID-19 resulted in a $477 additional provision expense for credit losses. For the three months ended March 31, net charge-offs were $445$1,065, or 0.20%0.49%, of average loans outstanding in 20192020 compared to $181,$445, or 0.08%0.20%, of average loans outstanding for the same period in 2018.2019. The increase in net charge-offs was primarily due to one commercial account relationship, totaling $899, and one commercial real estate loan, totaling $95, that were charged off due to deterioration in their financial conditions.

Deposits:

We attract the majority of our deposits from within our twelve-county14-county market area by offering various deposit products including demand deposit accounts, NOW accounts, business checking accounts, money market deposit accounts, savings accounts, club accounts and time deposits, including certificates of deposit and IRA’s. For the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, total deposits decreasedincreased $18,023 to $1,001,029$958,503 from $1,004,593$940,480 at December 31, 2018.2019. Noninterest-bearing transaction accounts increased $2,306,$1,228 while interest-bearing accounts increased $16,795. Specifically, interest-bearing transaction accounts, decreased $3,926including money market, NOW and savings, increased $10,806 and time deposits, decreased $1,944including certificates of deposit and individual retirement accounts increased $5,989 in the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020.

For the three months ended March 31, interest-bearing deposits averaged $795,084 in 2020 compared to $835,687 in 2019 compared to $875,985 in 2018.2019. The cost of interest-bearing deposits was 0.90% in 2020 compared to 1.01% in 2019 compared to 0.72% in 2018. The cost of interest-bearing deposits increased six basis points comparing the first quarter of 2019 with the fourth quarter of 2018. Corresponding2019. Consistent with recent FOMC actions interestto lower short-term rates have increased from historic lows that existed for an extended period. Alldue to the onset ofCOVID-19, we also took actions to lower deposit rates to fend off net interest margin contraction due to changes in yields on floating and adjustable rate loans. We anticipate deposit costs to continue to decrease in the short term based on the impact of recent actions of the FOMC to lower its target federal funds rate in the latter part of March 2020.

We expect core deposits to increase in the coming months. Many consumers are working from home or temporarily unemployed but still receiving income through unemployment insurance. Additionally, many Americans are receiving their tax refunds for the 2019 filing year and stimulus payments from the CARES Act. Since consumers have increasedfewer ways to spend their money during the stay at home orders and social distancing practices brought on by theCOVID-19 pandemic, we expect our retail deposit base to increase, until such time, as such, we anticipate furtherthe threat from the virus dissipates and states are allowed to open their businesses once again. The increases in our costdue to these factors may be offset by deposit decreases as a result of deposits.individuals utilizing savings due to job losses along with school districts decreasing reserves.

Borrowings:

The Bank utilizes borrowings as a secondary source of liquidity for its asset/liability management. Advances are available from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (“FHLB”) provided certain standards related to credit worthiness have been met. Repurchase and term agreements are also available from the FHLB.

Short-term borrowings are generally used to meet temporary funding needs and consist of federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, and overnight and short-term borrowings from the Atlantic Community Bankers Bank (“ACBB”), Pacific Community Bankers Bank and the FHLB. At March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018,2019, we did not have any short-term borrowings outstanding. For the three months ended March 31, we did not utilize short-term borrowings in 2019 while short-term borrowings averages $7,297 in 2018. The average cost of short-term borrowings was 1.67% in the three months ended March 31, 2018.

Long-term debt totaled $6,912$26,992 at March 31, 20192020 as compared to $6,892$6,971 at December 31, 2018.2019. For the three months ended March 31, long-term debt averaged $11,817 in 2020 and $6,902 in 20192019. At the end of March 2020, we borrowed $20,000 of term debt from the FHLB to take advantage of reductions in general market rates. These funds will bolster our liquidity position and $13,205provide necessary funding for loans in 2018.the process of being closed. The reductionamount of the term debt was spread equally over three, five and seven year maturities. The FHLB borrowing had a weighted average rate of 0.90% and weighted average life of five years. As a FHLB member, we are required to buy a portion of stock in FHLB for each advance. The adjusted weighted average balancecost of the borrowing decreases to 0.57% considering the addition of the dividend rate on the FHLB stock at the time the borrowing was due to the paydown of $6,085 in borrowings in December of 2018.granted. The average cost of long-term debt was 7.87%4.19% in the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 5.41%2020, a decrease from 7.87% for the same period last year.

Market Risk Sensitivity:

Market risk is the risk to our earnings or financial position resulting from adverse changes in market rates or prices, such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates or equity prices. Our exposure to market risk is primarily interest rate risk (“IRR”) associated with our lending, investing and deposit-gathering activities. During the normal course of business, we are not exposed to foreign exchange risk or commodity price risk. Our exposure to IRR can be explained as the potential for change in our reported earnings and/or the market value of our net worth. Variations in interest rates affect earnings by changing net interest income and the level of other interest-sensitive income and operating expenses. Interest rate changes also affect the underlying economic value of our assets, liabilities andoff-balance sheet items. These changes arise because the present value of future cash flows, and often the cash flows themselves

change with interest rates. The effects of the changes in these present values reflect the change in our underlying economic value and provide a basis for the expected change in future earnings related to interest rates. IRR is inherent in the role of banks as financial intermediaries. However, a bank with a high degree of IRR may experience lower earnings, impaired liquidity and capital positions, and most likely, a greater risk of insolvency. Therefore, banks must carefully evaluate IRR to promote safety and soundness in their activities.

As a result of FOMCthe FOMC’s recent actions to raiselower short-term interest rates in order to mitigate the impact of theCOVID-19 pandemic on the economy, it has become increasing more challenging to manage IRR. IRR and effectively managing it are very important to both bank management and regulators. Bank regulations require us to develop and maintain an IRR management program that is overseen by the Board of Directors and senior management, which involves a comprehensive risk management process in order to effectively identify, measure, monitor and control risk. Should bank regulatory agencies identify a material weakness in a bank’s risk management process or high-risk exposure relative to capital, bank regulatory agencies may take action to remedy these shortcomings. Moreover, the level of IRR exposure and the quality of a bank’s risk management process is a determining factor when evaluating capital adequacy.

The Asset Liability committeeCommittee (“ALCO”), comprised of members of our senior management and other appropriate officers, oversees our IRR management program. Specifically, ALCO analyzes economic data and market interest rate trends, as well as competitive pressures, and utilizes computerized modeling techniques to reveal potential exposure to IRR. This allows us to monitor and attempt to control the influence these factors may have on our rate-sensitive assets (“RSA”) and rate-sensitive liabilities (“RSL”), and overall operating results and financial position. One such technique utilizes a static gap model that considers repricing frequencies of RSA and RSL in order to monitor IRR. Gap analysis attempts to measure our interest rate exposure by calculating the net amount of RSA and RSL that reprice within specific time intervals. A positive gap occurs when the amount of RSA repricing in a specific period is greater than the amount of RSL repricing within that same time frame and is indicated by a RSA/RSL ratio greater than 1.0. AConversely, a negative gap occurs when the amount of RSL repricing is greater than the amount of RSA and is indicated by a RSA/RSL ratio of less than 1.0. A positive gap implies that earnings will be impacted favorably if interest rates rise and adversely if interest rates fall during the period. A negative gap tends to indicate that earnings will be affected inversely to interest rate changes.

Our cumulativeone-year RSA/RSL ratio equaled 1.661.54 at March 31, 2019.2020. Given the recent monetary policy actions of the FOMC based on uncertainty surrounding the timing of the recovery from the pandemic and the potential for rates to increase in the future,remain at these low levels, the focus of ALCO has been to maintain a positive static gap position.lower our exposure to the effect of repricing assets.

The current position at March 31, 2019,2020, indicates that the amount of RSA repricing within one year would exceed that of RSL, therebywith declining rates causing increasesa decrease in market rates, to increase net interest income. However, these forward-looking statements are qualified in the aforementioned section entitled “Forward-Looking Discussion” in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Static gap analysis, although a standard measuring tool, does not fully illustrate the impact of interest rate changes on future earnings. First, market rate changes normally do not equally or simultaneously affect all categories of assets and liabilities. Second, assets and liabilities that can contractually reprice within the same period may not do so at the same time or to the same magnitude. Third, the interest rate sensitivity table presents aone-day position. Variations occur daily as we adjust our rate sensitivity throughout the year. Finally, assumptions must be made in constructing such a table.

As the static gap report fails to address the dynamic changes in the balance sheet composition or prevailing interest rates, we utilize a simulation model to enhance our asset/liability management. This model is used to create pro forma net interest income scenarios under various interest rate shocks. Model results at March 31, 2019, produced similar results from those indicated by theone-year static gap position. Given an instantaneous and parallel shift in interest rates of plus and minus 100 basis points, our projected net interest income for the 12 months ending March 31, 2019,2021, would increase 5.2%2.76% and decrease 5.48% from model results using current interest rates. We will continue to monitor our IRR through employing deposit and loan pricing strategies and directing the reinvestment of loan and investment repayments in order to manage our IRR position.

Financial institutions are affected differently by inflation than commercial and industrial companies that have significant investments in fixed assets and inventories. Most of our assets are monetary in nature and change correspondingly with variations in the inflation rate. It is difficult to precisely measure the impact inflation has on us, however we believe that our exposure to inflation can be mitigated through asset/liability management.

Liquidity:

Liquidity management is essential to our continuing operations and enables us to meet financial obligations as they come due, as well as to take advantage of new business opportunities as they arise. Financial obligations include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

Funding new and existing loan commitments;

 

Payment of deposits on demand or at their contractual maturity;

Repayment of borrowings as they mature;

 

Payment of lease obligations; and

Payment of operating expenses.

These obligations are managed daily, thus enabling us to effectively monitor fluctuations in our liquidity position and to adapt that position according to market influences and balance sheet trends. Future liquidity needs are forecasted, and strategies are developed to ensure adequate liquidity at all times.

Historically, core deposits have been the primary source of liquidity because of their stability and lower cost, in general, thanwhen compared to other types of funding.funding sources. Providing additional sources of funds are loan and investment payments and prepayments and the ability to sell both available for sale securities and mortgage loans held for sale. We believe liquidity is adequate to meet both present and future financial obligations and commitments on a timely basis.

As a result of the onset of theCOVID-19 pandemic, we have placed increased emphasis on solidifying, monitoring and managing our liquidity position. We believe our liquidity position is strong. At March 31, 2020, we had available liquidity of $73,235 from cash and interest-bearing balances with other banks. Our investment securities portfolio is comprised primarily of highly liquid U.S. Government and Government-Sponsored Enterprises and high credit quality municipal securities. At March 31, 2020,available-for-sale investment securities totaled $68,402, and had a net unrealized holding gain of $914. Our secondary sources of liquidity consist of the available borrowing capacity at the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”), Atlantic Coast Bankers Bank (“ACBB”) and Pacific Coast Bankers Bank (“PCBB”) and through a relationship with StoneCastle Partners LLC, a third party financial institution who provides cash management services to institutional investors. At March 31, 2020, our available borrowing capacity was $359,350 at the FHLB was $10,000 each at ACBB and PCBB. StoneCastle provides deposits to community banks up to 15% of their total assets, which would amount to additional liquidity of $167,556 for us based on March 31, 2020. As aforementioned, we intend to utilize the liquidity relief offered by the PPPLF to the extent needed and as such do not expect our participation in the PPP to have a negative impact on our liquidity position.

With respect to monitoring and managing our liquidity, in addition to our normal quarterly liquidity reporting to the Risk Committee that includes stress testing under moderate, severe and extreme scenarios, we have instituted a formalized presentation monthly using various metrics to assist the entire Board of Directors in assessing our liquidity position. With the changes in the industry related toCOVID-19, we have focused on maintaining greater liquidity. We believe liquidity needs could be greater during this volatile time within the industry and markets. Based upon this volatility, we took steps to maintain a greater balance of cash and cash equivalents on the balance sheet through the sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale and borrowing from the FHLB.

We employ a number of analytical techniques in assessing the adequacy of our liquidity position. One such technique is the use of ratio analysis to determine the extent of our reliance on noncore funds to fund our investments and loans maturing after March 31, 2019.2020. Our noncore funds at March 31, 2019,2020 were comprised of time deposits in denominations of $250 or more and other borrowings. These funds are not considered to be a strong source of liquidity since they are very interest rate sensitive and are considered to be highly volatile. At March 31, 2019,2020, our net noncore funding dependence ratio, the difference between noncore funds and short-term investments to long-term assets, was (1.89)%-1.68%, while our net short-term noncore funding ratio, noncore funds maturing withinone-year, less short-term investments to assets equaled 1.72%1.56%. Comparatively, our net noncore dependence ratio improved fromwasyear-end-1.03% 2018 when it was 0.65%. Similarly,while our net short-term noncore funding ratio was 1.73%1.54% atyear-end,year-end. indicating thatIn addition, as compared to peer levels, our reliance on short-term noncore funds decreased slightly fromyear-end 2018.remains low.

The Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows present the changes in cash and cash equivalents from operating, investing and financing activities. Cash and cash equivalents, consisting of cash on hand, cash items in the process of collection, deposit balances with other banks and federal funds sold, increased $14,285$22,887 during the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020. Cash and cash equivalents increased $34,063$14,285 for the same period last year. For the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, we realized net cash inflows of $383 from operating activities and $37,511 from financing activities offset partially by net cash outflows of $1,237 and $4,118$15,007 from investing activities. For the same period of 2019, we recognized net cash outflows of $1,217 from operating activities and $4,138 from financing activities, respectively, andoffset by net cash inflows of $19,640 from investing activities. For the same period of 2018, we recognized net cash inflows of $1,224 from operating activities, $26,603 from investing activities and $6,236 from financing activities.

Operating activities usedprovided net cash of $1,237$383 for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to providing $1,224using $1,217 for the same period last year. Net income, adjusted for the effects of gains and losses along with noncash transactions such as depreciation, amortization and the provision for loan losses, is the primary source of funds from operations.

Investing activities primarily include transactions related to our lending activities and investment portfolio. Investing activities providedused net cash of $19,640$15,007 for the three months ended March 31, 2019.2020. For the comparable period in 2018,2019, investing activities provided net cash of $26,603.$19,640. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, loan originations more than offset net proceeds received on the sale of investment securitiesavailable-for-sale. For the comparable period of 2019, and 2018, payments and prepayments on loans exceeding loan originations was the primary factor causing the net cash inflow from investing activitiesactivities.

Financing activities utilizedprovided net cash of $4,118$37,511 for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 and provided $6,236used net cash of $4,138 for the same period last year. Deposit gathering is a predominant financing activity. During the three months ended March 31, 2019 deposits increased $18,023 in 2020 and decreased $3,564 and increased $12,125 for the same period in 2018. The payment of a cash dividends of $915 also impacted2019. In addition, net cash fromprovided by financing activities in 2019. The repayment of short-term borrowings of $6,000 infor the first quarter of 2018 partially offset2020 was impacted by the proceeds received from an increase in net cash from deposit activities.long-term debt of $20,000.

We believe that our future liquidity needs will be satisfied through maintaining an adequate level of cash and cash equivalents, by maintaining readily available access to traditional funding sources, and through proceeds received from the investment and loan portfolios. The current sources of funds are expected to enable us to meet all cash obligations as they come due.

Capital:

Stockholders’ equity totaled $113,490,$118,441, or $12.40$12.82 per common share, at March 31, 2019,2020, and $113,910,$118,110, or $12.49$12.81 per common share, at December 31, 2018.2019. The net decreaseincrease in stockholders’ equity in the three months ended March 31, 20192020 was a result of the recognition of net lossincome of $687 and the payout of cash dividends of $915, partially offset by$633, the issuance of common stock tothrough Riverview’s ESPP, 401k and dividend reinvestment plans of $175, the issuance$180, stock-based compensation of common stock related to the stock options exercised of $166$22 and the recognition of a change in other comprehensive income of $841.$188, offset by the payout of cash dividends of $692.

Bank regulatory agencies consider capital to be a significant factor in ensuring the safety of a depositor’s accounts. These agencies have adopted minimum capital adequacy requirements that include mandatory and discretionary supervisory actions for noncompliance.

The Bank’s capital ratios and the minimum ratios required for capital adequacy purposes and to be considered well capitalized under the prompt corrective action provisions are summarized below for the periods ended March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018:2019:

 

  Actual Minimum Regulatory
Capital Ratios under
Basel III (with 2.5%
capital conservation
buffer phase-in)
 Well Capitalized under
Basel III
   Actual Minimum Regulatory
Capital Ratios under
Basel III (with 2.5%
capital conservation
buffer phase-in)
 Well Capitalized under
Basel III
 

March 31, 2019:

  Amount   Ratio Amount   Ratio Amount   Ratio 

March 31, 2020:

  Amount   Ratio Amount   Ratio Amount   Ratio 

Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $99,185    11.4 $91,021   ³10.50 $86,687   ³10.0  $104,939    12.1 $91,001   ³10.5 $86,667   ³10.0

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)

   92,626    10.7  73,684   ³8.50  69,350   ³8.0    96,599    11.1  73,667   ³8.5  69,334   ³8.0 

Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)

   92,626    10.7  60,681   ³7.00  56,347   ³6.5    96,599    11.1  60,667   ³7.0  56,334   ³6.5 

Tier 1 capital (to average total assets)

   92,626    8.4  44,114   ³4.00  55,143   ³5.0    96,599    9.1  42,295   ³4.0  52,869   ³5.0 
  Actual Minimum Regulatory
Capital Ratios under
Basel III (with 1.875%
capital conservation
buffer phase-in)
 Well Capitalized under
Basel III
 

December 31, 2018:

  Amount   Ratio Amount   Ratio Amount   Ratio 

Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $100,001    11.4 $86,443   ³9.875 $87,538   ³10.0

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)

   93,580    10.7  68,936   ³7.875  70,030   ³8.0 

Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)

   93,580    10.7  55,805   ³6.375  56,900   ³6.5 

Tier 1 capital (to average total assets)

   93,580    8.4  44,733   ³4.000  55,916   ³5.0 

   Actual  Minimum Regulatory
Capital Ratios under
Basel III (with 2.5%
capital conservation
buffer phase-in)
  Well Capitalized under
Basel III
 

December 31, 2019:

  Amount   Ratio  Amount   Ratio  Amount   Ratio 

Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)

  $104,010    12.4 $88,132   ³10.5 $83,936   ³10.0

Tier 1 capital (to risk-weighted assets)

   96,405    11.5   71,345   ³8.5   67,148   ³8.0 

Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)

   96,405    11.5   58,755   ³7.0   54,558   ³6.5 

Tier 1 capital (to average total assets)

   96,405    9.1   42,489   ³4.0   53,112   ³5.0 

In light of the recent pandemic crisis and its potential adverse impact on capital adequacy within the financial industry, maintaining a high level of capital is of extreme importance to federal regulators as well as our management and Board of Directors. Our asset liability committee continually reviews our capital position. As part of its review, the ALCO considers:

The current and expected capital requirements, including the maintenance of capital ratios in excess of minimum regulatory guidelines;

The market value of our securities and the resulting effect on capital;

Nonperforming asset levels and the effect deterioration in asset quality will have on capital;

Any planned asset growth;

The anticipated level of net earnings and capital position, taking into account the projected asset/liability position and exposure to changes in interest rates;

The source and timing of additional funds to fulfill future capital requirements.

Based on the heightened level of stress on capital caused by the recent events, management maintains a capital plan approved by the Board of Directors. Our capital plan consists of the following areas of focus, among others:

Comprehensive risk assessment including consideration of the following risk elements, among others: credit; liquidity; earnings; economic value of equity; concentration; and economic, both national and local;

Assessing current regulatory capital adequacy levels;

Monitoring procedures consisting of stress testing, using both scenarios of previous historic data of financial crisis periods and the Federal Reserve Board’s Supervisory Capital Assessment Program (“SCAP”), and certain triggering events that would call into question the need to raise additional capital;

Identifying realistic and readily available alternative sources for augmenting capital if higher capital levels are required;

Evaluating dividend levels, and;

Providing aten-year financial projection for analyzing capital adequacy.

During the first quarter of 2020, Riverview set up a guidance line of credit with a local bank for $10,000 to be utilized as contingency capital funding for the Bank in case of further deterioration of market condition due toCOVID-19. This borrowing facility, if drawn upon, could be utilized to increase capital levels of the subsidiary bank through the injection of proceeds as additional paid in capital, if needed.

Based on the most recent notification from the FDIC, the Bank was categorized as well capitalized at March 31, 20192020 and December 31, 2018.2019. There are no conditions or negative events since this notification that we believe have changed the Bank’s category.well capitalized status.

Review of Financial Performance:

We reported net income of $633, or $0.07 per basic and diluted weighted average common share, for the first quarter of 2020, compared to a net loss of $687, or $(0.08) per basic and diluted weighted average common share, for the first quarter of 2019. The major factor impacting earnings in the first quarter of 2020 was the recognition of a $1,800 provision for loan losses. The increase in the provision for loan losses was the combined result of loan growth, increases in historical loss factors primarily due to thecharge-off of one large unsecured credit, and changes in qualitative factors related to the reserve build associated with the effects ofCOVID-19 as of the balance sheet date. As we weigh additional information on the potential impact of this event on our overall economic prospects, coupled with our loan officers’ further assessments of the impact on individual borrowers, our delinquencies and loss estimates will be revised as needed. These revisions could have a material impact on future provisions to the allowance for loan losses and results of operations. Another major factor influencing the level of earnings in the first quarter of 2020 was the recognition of $315 less of net accretion on acquired assets and assumed liabilities comparing the first quarters of 2020 and 2019. Partially offsetting the impact of these reductions to income was the recognition of a $815 net gain on the sale of investment securities in order to provide liquidity to fund loan demand and limit exposure to falling rates through the disposition of adjustable rate securities. The results for the first three months ended March 31,of 2019 compared to net incomeincluded the recognition of $2,811, or $0.31 per basic and diluted weighted average common share, for the comparable period of 2018. The return on average assets and return on average stockholders’ equity were (0.25)% and (2.46)% for the three months ended March 31, 2019. The reduction in net income recognized in 2019 was directly attributable to recordinga nonrecurring executive separationpre-tax expense totaling $2,218, which primarily contributed to the first quarter net loss. If theCOVID-19 pandemic persists, it will continue to have a severe effect on economic activity and will cause greater negative consequences for our customers which, in turn, could adversely affect the Company’s financial condition, liquidity and results of $2,218 related to an executive separation of service agreement and from reduced interest income related to lower loan levels. The decline in loan volumes was due to merger related attrition, including payoffs on acquired purchase credit impaired loans and steadfast adherence to both credit quality underwriting standards and prudent pricing discipline.operations.

Net Interest Income:

Net interest income is the fundamental source of earnings for commercial banks. Fluctuations in the level of net interest income can have the greatest impact on net profits. Net interest income is defined as the difference between interest revenue, comprised of interest and fees earned on interest-earning assets, and interest expense, the cost of interest-bearing liabilities supporting those assets. The primary sources of earning assets are loans and investment securities, while interest-bearing deposits, short-term and long-term borrowings comprise interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is impacted by:

 

Variations in the volume, rate and composition of earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities;

 

Changes in general market rates; and

 

The level of nonperforming assets.

Changes in net interest income are measured by the net interest spread and net interest margin. Net interest spread, the difference between the average yield earned on earning assets and the average rate incurred on interest-bearing liabilities, illustrates the effects changing interest rates have on profitability. Net interest margin, net interest income as a percentage of earning assets, is a more

comprehensive ratio, as it reflects not only the spread, but also the change in the composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.Tax-exempt loans and investments carrypre-tax yields lower than their taxable counterparts. Therefore, in order to make the analysis of net interest income more comparable,tax-exempt income and yields are reported herein on atax-equivalent basis using the prevailing federal statutory tax rate of 21% in 2020 and 2019, and 21% in 2018.respectively.

For the three months ended March 31,tax-equivalent net interest income decreased $1,663$984 to $8,846 in 2020 from $9,830 in 2019 from $11,493 in 2018.2019. The decrease intax-equivalent net interest income was primarily attributable to a net decline in average loansthetax-equivalent loan yield and the realization of $58,914.lower levels of loan accretion from purchase accounting marks. Overall, average earning assets decreased $21,181 less$10,385 more than the decline in average interest-bearing liabilities in comparing the first quartersthree months of 2019 and 2018.2020 with 2019. Thetax-equivalent net interest margin for the three months ended March 31, was 3.60% in 2020 compared to 3.86% in 2019 compared to 4.38% in 2018.2019. The net interest spread decreased to 3.44% for the three months ended March 31, 2020 from 3.67% for the three months ended March 31, 2019 from 4.25% for the three months ended March 31, 2018. Loan2019. Net accretion included in loan interest income in the first quarterthree months of 20192020 related to loans acquiredpurchase accounting marks from mergers was $439$185 resulting in an increase in thetax-equivalent loannet interest yieldmargin of 207 basis points. For the same period in 2018 loan2019 net accretion income was $1,873,$500, resulting in an increase in thetax-equivalent loannet interest yieldmargin of 8119 basis points.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020,tax-equivalent interest income decreased $1,216,$1,274, to $12,037$10,763 from $13,253$12,037 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. A negative2019. An unfavorable volume variance in interest income of $706$478 attributable to changes in the average balance of earning assets was further magnified by a $510coupled with an unfavorable rate variance of $796 due to reductions in the yielddecreased yields on earning assets.assets caused the overall decline. Specifically, the decrease was primarily due to a reduction in average earning assets which decreased $32,717 to $1,032,022 for the first quarter of 2019 from $1,064,739 for the same period in 2018. The overall yield on earning assets, on a fullytax-equivalent basis, increaseddecreased for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 to 4.73%4.39% as compared to 5.05%4.73% for the three months ended March 31, 2018. This2019. The decrease in interest income was also impacted by a result of the impact of the lower accretion of purchase accounting marks from previous merger activity. Average loansreduction in average earning assets, which decreased $58,914 comparing$45,084 to $986,938 for the first quartersthree months of 2019 and 2018 which causedtax-equivalent interest income to decrease $799.2020 from $1,032,022 for the same period in 2019. Thetax-equivalent yield on the loan portfolio was 5.02%decreased 0.38% to 4.64% for the three months ended March 31, 20192020 compared to 5.38%5.02% for the same period last year. This decreaseyear and caused interest income to decline $746. Average loans decreased $12,393 comparing the first three months of 2020 and 2019, which caused a negative impact ondecrease intax-equivalent interest income of $759 comparing$141. Average investments decreased to $82,028 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. Thetax-equivalent yield excluding loan accretion from acquired loans would have been 4.82% in the first three months of 2019 as2020 compared to 4.57% for the first three months of 2018. The yield earned on investments increased 36 basis points for the first quarter of 2019 to 3.10% from 2.74% for the first quarter of 2018 and resulted in highertax-equivalent interest income of $157. Average investments increased to $108,256 for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 compared to $92,788 for the same period in 2018 resulting in an increase intax-equivalent2019 causing interest income of $43. Overalltax-equivalentto decrease $302.

Total interest earned on investments was $827expense decreased $290 to $1,917 for the three-month periodthree months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $627 for the same period in 2018.

Total interest expense increased $447 to2020 from $2,207 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 from $1,7602019. The decrease was caused by both volume and rate variances. The average volume of interest-bearing liabilities decreased to $807,890 for the three months ended March 31, 2018. A favorable volume variance caused interest expenses to decrease $554, while an unfavorable rate variance resulted in a $1,001 increase in fund costs. The average volume of interest-bearing liabilities decreased to2020, from $842,589 for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and caused interest expense to decline $79. In addition, the cost of funds decreased to 0.95% in 2020 from $896,487 for1.06% in 2019 resulting in a decrease in interest expense of $211. Money market and Now account costs declined 38 and 26 basis points and were the three months ended March 31, 2018. Average interest-bearing deposits decreased $40,298 to $835,687 formajor impact on lowering interest expense. Overall the first quarter of 2019 from $875,985 for the same period last year. The cost of interest-bearing deposits increased 29decreased 11 basis points when comparing the first quarters of 2019 and 2018. The total cost of funds increased to 1.06% for the three months ended March 31, 2019of 2020 and 2019. We expect that our net interest margin will continue to decrease as compared to 0.80% forour rate sensitive assets decline at a frequency and magnitude greater than our fund costs given the same perioduncertainty in 2018.the market as a result of the pandemic.

The average balances of assets and liabilities, corresponding interest income and expense and resulting average yields or rates paid are summarized as follows. Average balances were calculated using average daily balances. Averages for earning assets include nonaccrual loans. Loan fees are included in interest income on loans. Investment averages includeavailable-for-sale securities at amortized cost. Income on investment securities and loans is adjusted to a tax equivalent basis using the prevailing federal statutory tax rate.

 

  Three months ended   Three months ended 
  March 31, 2019 March 31, 2018   March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 
  Average
Balance
   Interest   Yield/
Rate
 Average
Balance
   Interest   Yield/
Rate
   Average
Balance
   Interest   Yield/
Rate
 Average
Balance
   Interest   Yield/
Rate
 

Assets:

                      

Earning assets:

                      

Loans

                      

Taxable

  $851,515   $10,688    5.09 $908,574   $12,241    5.46  $838,825   $9,782    4.69 $851,515   $10,688    5.09

Tax exempt

   35,298    291    3.34 37,153    296    3.23   35,595    310    3.50 35,298    291    3.34

Investments

                      

Taxable

   97,041    740    3.09 76,952    523    2.76   77,400    535    2.78 97,041    740    3.09

Tax exempt

   11,215    87    3.15 15,836    104    2.66   4,628    47    4.08 11,215    87    3.15

Interest bearing deposits

   36,953    231    2.54 23,607    79    1.36   30,490    89    1.17 36,953    231    2.54

Federal funds sold

       2,617    10    1.55           
  

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

     

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

Total earning assets

   1,032,022    12,037    4.73 1,064,739    13,253    5.05   986,938    10,763    4.39 1,032,022    12,037    4.73

Less: allowance for loan losses

   6,377      6,474        7,273      6,377     

Other assets

   104,005      104,977        105,680      104,005     
  

 

      

 

       

 

      

 

     

Total assets

  $1,129,650      $1,163,242       $1,085,345      $1,129,650     
  

 

      

 

       

 

      

 

     

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:

                      

Interest bearing liabilities:

                      

Money market accounts

  $113,602   $293    1.05 $131,678   $269    0.83  $102,072    171    0.67 $113,602    293    1.05

NOW accounts

   281,052    505    0.73 246,762    347    0.57   270,559    319    0.47 281,052    505    0.73

Savings accounts

   129,259    30    0.09 188,358    32    0.07   133,267    60    0.18 129,259    30    0.09

Time deposits

   311,774    1,245    1.62 309,187    906    1.19   289,186    1,239    1.72 311,774    1,245    1.62

Short term borrowings

       7,297    30    1.67   989    5    2.03     

Long-term debt

   6,902    134    7.87 13,205    176    5.41   11,817    123    4.19 6,902    134    7.87
  

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

     

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

Total interest bearing liabilities

   842,589    2,207    1.06 896,487    1,760    0.80

Non-interest bearing demand deposits

   156,735      149,123     

Total interest-bearing liabilities

   807,890    1,917    0.95 842,589    2,207    1.06

Non-interest-bearing demand deposits

   144,630      156,735     

Other liabilities

   17,006      9,996        13,668      17,006     

Stockholders’ equity

   113,320      107,636        119,157      113,320     
  

 

      

 

       

 

      

 

     

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

  $1,129,650      $1,163,242       $1,085,345      $1,129,650     
  

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

     

 

   

 

    

 

   

 

   

Net interest income/spread

    $9,830    3.67   $11,493    4.25    $8,846    3.44   $9,830    3.67
    

 

      

 

       

 

      

 

   

Net interest margin

       3.86      4.38       3.60      3.86

Tax-equivalent adjustments:

                      

Loans

    $61      $62       $65      $61   

Investments

     18       22        10       18   
    

 

      

 

       

 

      

 

   

Total adjustments

    $79      $84       $75      $79   
    

 

      

 

       

 

      

 

   

Provision for Loan Losses:

We evaluate the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses account on a quarterly basis utilizing our systematic analysis in accordance with procedural discipline. We take into consideration certain factors such as composition of the loan portfolio, volumes of nonperforming loans, volumes of net charge-offs, prevailing economic conditions and other relevant factors when determining the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses account. We make monthly provisions to the allowance for loan losses account in order to maintain the allowance at the appropriate level indicated by our evaluations. Based on our most current evaluation, we believe that the allowance is adequate to absorb any known and inherent losses in the portfolio as of March 31, 2019.2020.

The provision for loan losses totaled $583$1,800 for the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, compared to $390 for the same period$583 in 2018.2019. The increase in the provision for loan losses was the combined result of loan growth, increases in 2019 washistorical loss factors primarily due to recognitionthe

charge-off of net charge-offsone large unsecured credit, and changes in local economic conditions.qualitative factors related to the reserve build associated with the effects ofCOVID-19 as of the balance sheet date. The pandemic effects are expected to continue to weigh heavily on businesses and their ability to service debt along with increasing unemployment for those individuals depending on these businesses for income. As a result, our future provisions may increase by the growth of loan delinquencies and charge-offs resulting fromCOVID-19 pandemic related financial stress.

Noninterest Income:

For the quarter ended March 31, noninterest income totaled $2,930 in 2020, an increase of $1,119 from $1,811 in 2019, a decrease of $142 from $1,953 in 2018.2019. The overall reductionincrease was primarily driven by decreasesattributable to recognizing a $815 net gain on the sale of investment securities in serviceorder to provide liquidity to fund loan demand and limit exposure to falling rates through the disposition of adjustable rate securities. Service charges, fees and commissioncommissions increased $328 as a result of $175,recognizing a $130 loan swap fee and mortgage banking incomereaping the benefits of $64. Service charge income experienced a decreaseimplementing strategic initiates in NSF and overdraft income, while mortgage banking income decreased duethe fourth quarter of 2019 to lower volume caused by higher mortgage origination rates and normal seasonal stagnation. Positive increases were made in both trustenhance service fee income. Trust and wealth management as income declined for the first quarter of 2019 increased2020 by $50$47 and $93,$27, respectively, when compared against the first quarter of 2018. Additionally, net losses on2019 due primarily to the saleimpact of investment securities of $42 were recognized in the first quarter of 2019 in order to dispose of certain investments with low yields and higher risk characteristics.COVID-19.

Noninterest Expenses:

In general, noninterest expense is categorized into three main groups: employee-related expenses, occupancy and equipment expenses and other expenses. Employee-related expenses are costs associated with providing salaries, including payroll taxes and benefits, to our employees. Occupancy and equipment expenses, the costs related to the maintenance of facilities and equipment, include depreciation, general maintenance and repairs, real estate taxes, lease expense and utility costs. Other expenses include general operating expenses such as advertising, contractual services, insurance, including FDIC assessment,assessments, other taxes and supplies. Several of these costs and expenses are variable, while the remainder are fixed. We utilize budgets and other related strategies in an effort to control the variable expenses.

Noninterest expense increased $2,428,decreased $2,752, or 25.5%23.0%, to $11,964$9,212 for the three months ended March 31, 2019,2020, from $9,536$11,964 for the same period last year. The majority of this increase relatesdecrease was primarily due to expenses related to$2,218 in nonrecurring expense from an executive separation agreement recognized in the first quarter of service agreement. The net cost of operation of other real estate owned was $1272019. Net occupancy expense increased $91, or 8.4%, to $1,180 for the first quarter of 2019 versus a credit of $1 in the first quarter of 2018 as the Company continues to reduce its holdings in other real estate owned. Other expenses increased $172, or 6.0% to $3,044 for the first quarter of 20192020 from $2,872$1,089 for the same period last year. OffsetsHigher costs related to the overall increase in noninterest expense were realized through reduced costs in net occupancybuilding and equipment of $33,maintenance and inrepairs caused the amortization expense of intangible assets of $27 when comparingincrease. Other expenses decreased $227, or 7.5%, to $2,817 in the first quarter of 20192020 compared to $3,044 for the first quartersame period last year. The decrease is a result of 2018.implementing cost savings initiatives in the latter part of 2019.

Income Taxes:

We recorded an income tax expense of $56 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 as compared to an income tax benefit of $298 for the three months ended March 31, 2019, and income tax expense of $625 for the three months ended March 31, 2018.2019.

Riverview Financial Corporation

Item 3. Quantitative And
Item 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Not applicable to a smaller reporting company.

Item 4.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.

At March 31, 2019,2020, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form10-Q, the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”) evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined inRule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures, at March 31, 2019,2020, were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in such reports is accumulated and communicated to the CEO and CFO to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

(b) Changes in internal control.

There were no changes made in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

In the opinion of the Company, after review with legal counsel, there are no proceedings pending to which the Company is a party or to which its property is subject, which, if determined adversely to the Company, would have a material effect on the consolidated results of operations or financial condition. There are no proceedings pending other than ordinary, routine litigation incident to the business of the Company. In addition, no material proceedings are pending or are known to be threatened or contemplated against the Company by governmental authorities.

Item 1A.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Not required for smaller reporting companies.

Item 2.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

Item 3.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

Item 5.

Other Information

Not applicable.

Item 6.

Item 6. Exhibits.

The following Exhibits are incorporated by reference hereto:

 

31.1  Section 302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer (Pursuant to Rule13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)).
31.2  Section 302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer (Pursuant to Rule13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)).
32.1  Chief Executive Officer’s §1350§1350 Certification (Pursuant to Rule13a-14(b)/15d-14(b)).
32.2  Chief Financial Officer’s §1350§1350 Certification (Pursuant to Rule13a-14(b)/15d-14(b)).
101  Interactive Data File (XBRL).

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

By: 

/s/ Brett D. Fulk

 Brett D. Fulk
 President and Chief Executive Officer
 (Principal Executive Officer)
Date:May 9, 20198, 2020

By: 

/s/ Scott A. Seasock

 Scott A. Seasock
 Chief Financial Officer
 (Principal Financial Officer)
Date:May 9, 20198, 2020

 

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