UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

  

FORM 10-Q

  

  Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019

  

or

  

  Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

  

For the transition period from ______to______

  

Commission file number 001-33997

 

KANDI TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

  

Delaware 90-0363723
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
   
Jinhua City Industrial Zone
Jinhua, Zhejiang Province
People’s Republic of China
 321016
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

  

(86 - 579) 82239856
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

   

Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on
which registered
Common Stock KNDI NASDAQ

  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒    No ☐

  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files)  Yes ☒    No ☐

  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

  

Large accelerated filer ☐Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐

  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐    No ☒

  

As of AugustNovember 5, 2019, the registrant had 56,243,102 shares of common stock issued and 52,819,441 shares of common stock outstanding, par value $0.001 per share.  

  

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  Page
   
PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION1
  
Item 1.Financial Statements1
   
 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 (unaudited) and December 31, 20181
   
 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) and Comprehensive Income (Loss) (unaudited) – Three Months and SixNine Months Ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 20182
   
 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited) – Three Months and SixNine Months Ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 20183
   
 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) – SixNine Months Ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 20184
   
Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations3224
   
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk4638
   
Item 4.Controls and Procedures4638
   
PART II — OTHER INFORMATION47
   
Item 1.Legal proceedings4739
   
Item 1A.2.Risk FactorsUnregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds  4739
   
Item 6.Exhibits4839

  

i

 

 

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Item 1. Financial Statements.

 

KANDI TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

   

 June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
  September 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
 
 (UNAUDITED)    (UNAUDITED)   
Current assets          
Cash and cash equivalents $3,608,933 $15,662,201  $14,338,637  $15,662,201 
Restricted cash 1,573,992 6,690,870   11,713,004   6,690,870 
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $135,557 and $120,010 as of June 30, 2019 and
December 31, 2018, respectively)
 41,926,724 34,274,728 
Inventories (net of provision for slow moving inventory of $901,110 and $840,701 as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) 28,980,722 21,997,868 
Accounts receivable (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $130,420 and $120,010 as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)  54,859,801   34,274,728 
Inventories  35,447,383   21,997,868 
Notes receivable - 72,712   41,549,888   72,712 
Notes receivable from the JV Company and related party 1,456,537 3,861,032 
Notes receivable from the Affiliate Company and related party  -   3,861,032 
Other receivables 7,936,107 1,264,323   12,859,304   1,264,323 
Prepayments and prepaid expense 10,290,832 11,136,408   9,497,459   11,136,408 
Due from employees 4,208 1,001   5,499   1,001 
Advances to suppliers 4,874,600 4,705,183   4,474,104   4,705,183 
Amount due from the JV Company, net 60,945,283 67,683,462 
Amount due from the Affiliate Company, net  25,335,894   67,683,462 
Right - of - use asset  75,205  -   42,974   - 
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS  161,673,143  167,349,788   210,123,947   167,349,788 
             
LONG-TERM ASSETS             
Property, plant and equipment, net 78,839,301 82,045,923   74,491,204   82,045,923 
Land use rights, net 11,603,594 11,749,728   11,084,717   11,749,728 
Construction in progress  17,781   - 
Deferred taxes assets - 8,204   -   8,204 
Investment in the JV Company 119,144,892 128,929,893 
Investment in the Affiliate Company  53,837,011   128,929,893 
Goodwill 28,586,379 28,552,215   27,762,120   28,552,215 
Intangible assets 4,020,363 4,328,127   3,723,988   4,328,127 
Other long term assets  5,286,205  5,865,386   4,803,349   5,865,386 
TOTAL Long-Term Assets  247,480,734  261,479,476   175,720,170   261,479,476 
             
TOTAL ASSETS $409,153,877 $428,829,264  $385,844,117  $428,829,264 
             
CURRENT LIABILITIES             
Accounts payable $77,907,803 $112,309,683  $79,632,036  $112,309,683 
Other payables and accrued expenses 5,233,787 4,251,487   4,843,001   4,251,487 
Short-term loans 32,189,466 30,539,236   30,969,731   30,539,236 
Customer deposits 141,678 94,408   33,535   94,408 
Notes payable 20,258,972 12,787,619   11,463,004   12,787,619 
Income tax payable 330,772 3,471,366   1,519,699   3,471,366 
Due to employees 8,464 28,473   7,105   28,473 
Deferred income 1,320,147 1,340,605   1,237,556   1,340,605 
Lease liability 76,348 -   44,121   - 
Advance receipts  14,565,369  - 
Total Current Liabilities  152,032,806  164,822,877   129,749,788   164,822,877 
             
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES             
Long term bank loans 28,693,778 ��28,794,136   27,606,502   28,794,136 
Deferred taxes liability 2,776,327 1,711,343   1,758,643   1,711,343 
Contingent liability 6,619,000 7,256,000 
Contingent consideration liability  6,562,000   7,256,000 
Other long-term liability  -  622,034   -   622,034 
Total Long-Term Liabilities  38,089,105  38,383,513   35,927,145   38,383,513 
             
TOTAL LIABILITIES  190,121,911  203,206,390   165,676,933   203,206,390 
             
STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY             
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 56,243,102 and 55,992,002 shares issued and 52,819,441 and 51,484,444 outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively 52,819 51,484 
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 56,263,102 and 55,992,002 shares issued and 52,839,441 and 51,484,444 outstanding at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively  52,839   51,484 
Less: Treasury stock (487,155 shares with average price of $5.09 and 0 shares at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively )  (2,477,965)  - 
Additional paid-in capital 259,636,605 254,989,657   259,691,370   254,989,657 
Retained earnings (the restricted portion is $4,422,033 and $4,422,033 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively) (21,224,639) (9,497,009)
Accumulated deficit (the restricted portion is $4,422,033 and $4,422,033 at September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)  (9,135,198)  (9,497,009)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss  (19,432,819)  (19,921,258)  (27,963,862)  (19,921,258)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY  219,031,966  225,622,874   220,167,184   225,622,874 
             
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $409,153,877 $428,829,264  $385,844,117  $428,829,264 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements


KANDI TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) AND
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(UNAUDITED)

  

 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended  Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
 June 30,
2019
 June 30,
2018
 June 30,
2019
 June 30,
2018
  September 30,
2019
 September 30,
2018
 September 30,
2019
 September 30,
2018
 
                  
REVENUES FROM UNRELATED PARTY, NET $20,056,696 $11,618,855 $36,391,659 $17,351,318  $26,968,385  $14,860,034  $63,360,044  $32,211,352 
REVENUES FROM THE JV COMPANY AND RELATED PARTY, NET  4,089,534  4,740,751  5,823,031  7,344,195 
REVENUES FROM THE AFFILIATE COMPANY AND RELATED PARTY, NET  4,720,159   23,135,326   10,543,190   30,479,521 
                         
REVENUES, NET 24,146,230 16,359,606 42,214,690 24,695,513   31,688,544   37,995,360   73,903,234   62,690,873 
                         
COST OF GOODS SOLD  (19,944,076)  (14,301,594)  (34,876,099)  (21,291,550)  (26,412,129)  (31,753,311)  (61,288,228)  (53,044,861)
                         
GROSS PROFIT 4,202,154 2,058,012 7,338,591 3,403,963   5,276,415   6,242,049   12,615,006   9,646,012 
                         
OPERATING EXPENSES:                         
Research and development (632,590) (642,889) (1,170,023) (1,400,187)  (596,187)  (5,691,649)  (1,766,210)  (7,091,836)
Selling and marketing (899,478) (228,173) (1,517,481) (976,398)  (930,810)  (898,896)  (2,448,291)  (1,875,294)
General and administrative  (5,623,798)  (3,861,263)  (7,663,326)  (3,463,092)  (3,432,920)  (2,070,947)  (11,096,246)  (5,534,039)
Total Operating Expenses  (7,155,866)  (4,732,325)  (10,350,830)  (5,839,677)  (4,959,917)  (8,661,492)  (15,310,747)  (14,501,169)
                         
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS  (2,953,712)  (2,674,313)  (3,012,239)  (2,435,714)
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS  316,498   (2,419,443)  (2,695,741)  (4,855,157)
                         
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):                ��        
Interest income 97,814 456,784 350,218 1,399,777   209,736   52,745   559,954   1,452,522 
Interest expense (429,355) (471,616) (868,538) (1,022,033)  (435,524)  (483,376)  (1,304,062)  (1,505,409)
Change in fair value of contingent consideration 548,000 686,833 637,000 3,367,012   57,000   (1,552,686)  694,000   1,814,326 
Government grants 175,319 15,558 223,043 110,813   502,146   607,008   725,189   717,821 
Gain from equity dilution in JV (24,131) - 4,341,259 - 
Share of (loss) income after tax of the JV Company (4,500,201) 2,372,696 (14,449,359) 3,167,751 
Other income, net  (174,597)  627,582  299,793  650,559 
Total other (expense) income, net  (4,307,151)  3,687,837  (9,466,584)  7,673,879 
Gain from equity dilution in the Affiliate Company  (49,285)  -   4,291,974   - 
Gain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company  20,574,217   -   20,574,217   - 
Share of loss after tax of the Affiliate Company  (8,433,767)  (3,247,343)  (22,883,126)  (79,592)
Other income , net  57,833   15,735   357,626   666,294 
Total other income (expense), net  12,482,356   (4,607,917)  3,015,772   3,065,962 
                         
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES (7,260,863) 1,013,524 (12,478,823) 5,238,165 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES  12,798,854   (7,027,360)  320,031   (1,789,195)
                         
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) BENEFIT  (57,295)  361,001  751,193  (135,645)  (709,413)  505,961   41,780   370,316 
                         
NET (LOSS) INCOME  (7,318,158)  1,374,525  (11,727,630)  5,102,520 
NET INCOME (LOSS)  12,089,441   (6,521,399)  361,811   (1,418,879)
                         
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)                         
Foreign currency translation  (4,915,589)  (12,587,622)  488,439  (5,122,382)  (8,531,043)  (8,108,270)  (8,042,604)  (13,230,652)
                         
COMPREHENSIVE LOSS  (12,233,747) $(11,213,097) $(11,239,191) $(19,862)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) $3,558,398  $(14,629,669) $(7,680,793) $(14,649,531)
                         
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING BASIC 52,806,331 51,140,542 52,189,237 50,893,356 
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING DILUTED 52,806,331 51,140,542 52,189,237 50,893,356 
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING BASIC AND DILUTED  52,613,642   51,474,048   52,332,260   51,089,047 
                         
NET (LOSS) INCOME PER SHARE, BASIC $(0.14) $0.03 $(0.22) $0.10 
NET (LOSS) INCOME PER SHARE, DILUTED $(0.14) $0.03 $(0.22) $0.10 
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE, BASIC AND DILUTED $0.23  $(0.13) $0.01  $(0.03)

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements


KANDI TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC.

AND SUBSIDIARIES

CondensedCONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

 

  Three Months Ended
June 30,
  Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
  2019  2018  2019  2018 
Total shareholder’s equity, beginning balance $   $   $   $  
                 
Common Stock:                
Beginning balance  52,581   51,009   51,484   48,037 
Stock issuance and award  238   289   1,335   3,261 
Ending balance  52,819   51,298   52,819   51,298 
                 
Additional Paid-in Capital:                
Beginning balance  258,377,036   252,154,904   254,989,657   233,055,348 
Stock issuance and award  1,259,569   2,038,476   4,646,948   21,138,032 
Ending balance  259,636,605   254,193,380   259,636,605   254,193,380 
                 
Retained Earnings:                
Beginning balance  (13,906,481)  (74,315)  (9,497,009)  (3,802,310)
Net (loss) income  (7,318,158)  1,374,525   (11,727,630)  5,102,520 
Ending balance  (21,224,639)  1,300,210   (21,224,639)  1,300,210 
                 
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income:                
Beginning balance  (14,517,230)  1,154,477   (19,921,258)  (6,310,763)
Foreign currency translation  (4,915,589)  (12,587,622)  488,439   (5,122,382)
Ending balance  (19,432,819)  (11,433,145)  (19,432,819)  (11,433,145)
                 
Total shareholder’s equity, ending balance $219,031,966  $244,111,743  $219,031,966  $244,111,743 
  Number of Outstanding Shares  Common Stock  Treasury Stock  Additional Paid-in Capital  Accumulated Deficit  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income  Total 
Balance, December 31, 2018  51,484,444   51,484   -   254,989,657   (9,497,009)  (19,921,258)  225,622,874 
Stock issuance and award  1,096,397   1,097   -    3,387,379   -    -    3,388,476 
Net income (loss)  -   -   -   -   (4,409,472)  -   (4,409,472)
Foreign currency translation  -    -    -    -    -    5,404,028   5,404,028 
                             
Balance, March 31, 2019  52,580,841   52,581   -   258,377,036   (13,906,481)  (14,517,230)  230,005,906 
Stock issuance and award  238,600   238   -    1,259,569   -    -    1,259,807 
Net income (loss)  -   -   -   -   (7,318,158)  -   (7,318,158)
Foreign currency translation  -    -    -    -    -    (4,915,589)  (4,915,589)
                             
Balance, June 30, 2019  52,819,441   52,819   -   259,636,605   (21,224,639)  (19,432,819)  219,031,966 
Stock issuance and award  20,000   20   -    69,380   -    -    69,400 
Stock buyback  -   -   (2,477,965)  -   -   -   (2,477,965)
Commission in stock buyback  -    -    -    (14,615)  -    -    (14,615)
Net income (loss)  -   -   -   -   12,089,441   -   12,089,441 
Foreign currency translation  -    -    -    -    -    (8,531,043)  (8,531,043)
                             
Balance, September 30, 2019  52,839,441   52,839   (2,477,965)  259,691,370   (9,135,198)  (27,963,862)  220,167,184 
                             
  Number of Outstanding Shares  Common Stock  Treasury Stock  Additional Paid-in Capital  Accumulated Deficit  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income  Total 
Balance, December 31, 2017  48,036,538   48,037   -   233,055,348   (3,802,310)  (6,310,763)  222,990,312 
Stock issuance and award  2,972,337   2,972   -    19,099,556   -    -    19,102,528 
Net income (loss)  -   -   -   -   3,727,995   -   3,727,995 
Foreign currency translation  -    -    -    -    -    7,465,240   7,465,240 
                             
Balance, March 31, 2018  51,008,875   51,009   -   252,154,904   (74,315)  1,154,477   253,286,075 
Stock issuance and award  288,600   289   -    2,038,476   -    -    2,038,765 
Net income (loss)  -   -   -   -   1,374,525   -   1,374,525 
Foreign currency translation  -    -    -    -    -    (12,587,622)  (12,587,622)
                             
Balance, June 30, 2018  51,297,475   51,298   -   254,193,380   1,300,210   (11,433,145)  244,111,743 
Stock issuance and award  184,469   184   -    787,529   -    -    787,713 
Net income (loss)  -   -   -   -   (6,521,399)  -   (6,521,399)
Foreign currency translation  -    -    -    -    -    (8,108,271)  (8,108,271)
                             
Balance, September 30, 2018  51,481,944   51,482   -   254,980,909   (5,221,189)  (19,541,416)  230,269,786 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


KANDI TECHNOLOGIES GROUP, INC.
AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)

 

 Six Months Ended   Nine Months Ended 
 June 30,
2019
 June 30,
2018
  September 30,
2019
 September 30,
2018
 
          
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:          
Net (loss) income $(11,727,630) $5,102,520 
Net income (loss) $361,811  $(1,418,879)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities             
Depreciation and amortization 4,376,097 1,791,762   6,443,422   2,271,599 
Assets impairments 59,799 341,261 
Impairments  44,544   24,854 
Allowance for doubtful accounts 15,543 (7,257)  15,366   (7,093)
Deferred taxes 51,275 -   50,693   - 
Share of (loss) income after tax of the JV Company 14,449,359 (3,167,751)
Gain from equity dilution in JV (4,341,259) - 
Reserve for fixed assets - (54,799)
Share of loss after tax of the Affiliate Company  22,883,126   79,592 
Gain from equity dilution in the Affiliate Company  (4,291,974)  - 
Gain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company  (20,574,217)  - 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration (637,000) (3,367,012)  (694,000)  (1,814,326)
Stock compensation cost 1,314,408 222,259   1,337,333   253,934 
             
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisition:     
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:        
(Increase) Decrease In:             
Accounts receivable (16,560,338) (36,123,904)  (36,822,184)  (52,845,923)
Deferred taxes assets - (53,330)  -   (52,126)
Notes receivable 250,593 502,623.00   174,881   491,272.00 
Notes receivable from the JV Company and related party 442,223 2,060,755 
Notes receivable from the Affiliate Company and related party  437,203   3,196,340 
Inventories (7,093,904) 5,020,163   (14,813,147)  1,555,993 
Other receivables and other assets (6,234,801) 927,544   (17,275,954)  1,497,230 
Due from employee (23,540) (22,355)  (25,861)  945 
Advances to supplier and prepayments and prepaid expenses 708,825 (2,626,098)  1,357,001   (4,590,404)
Amount due from the JV Company (4,128,506) (39,263,079)
Amount due from JV Company-Longterm - 15,907,183 
Amount due from the Affiliate Company  30,549,072   (81,549,214)
Amount due from Affiliate Company-Long term  -   15,907,183 
Due from related party - 165,614   -   161,874 
             
Increase (Decrease) In:             
Accounts payable 387,505 41,319,755   11,383,411   101,684,965 
Other payables and accrued liabilities 7,844,434 25,636,794   7,791,028   29,845,307 
Notes payable (10,161,233) (11,936,770)  (11,836,950)  (12,434,813)
Customer deposits 46,806 75,010   (59,734)  20,350 
Income tax payable (2,134,722) (1,837,147)  (1,803,574)  (2,353,826)
Deferred income  (22,838)  (779,240)  (56,448)  (761,643)
Net cash used in operating activities $(33,118,904) $(165,499) $(25,425,152) $(836,809)
             
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:             
Purchases of property, plant and equipment, net (512,707) (122,407)  (955,670)  (304,745)
Purchases of land use rights and other intangible assets - (107,917)  -   (105,480)
Acquisition of Jinhua An Kao (net of cash received) - (3,694,275)  -   (3,610,846)
Acquisition of SC Autosports  -   486,954 
Purchases of construction in progress - (48,042)  (18,491)  (425,241)
Reimbursement of capitalize interests for construction in progress - 1,860,287   -   1,818,390 
Cash received from equity sale in the Affiliate Company  32,061,558   - 
Long Term Investment - 1,492,162   -   1,458,464 
Advance receipts of equity transfer  14,740,783  - 
Net cash used in investing activities $14,228,076 $(620,192)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities $31,087,397  $(682,504)
             
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:             
Proceeds from short-term bank loans 17,541,532 14,764,553   27,864,409   25,515,452 
Repayments of short-term bank loans (15,920,046) (14,764,553)  (26,261,331)  (26,283,065)
Repayments of long-term bank loans (147,408) (157,070)  (145,734)  (153,523)
Proceeds from notes payable - 34,702,510   -   40,313,800 
Repayment of notes payable  -  (40,349,566)  -   (43,024,633)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities $1,474,078 $(5,804,126)
Cash used for stock buyback  (2,492,579)  - 
Net cash used in financing activities $(1,035,235) $(3,631,969)
             
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH (17,416,750) (6,589,817)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH  4,627,010   (5,151,282)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 246,604 (30,020)  (928,440)  (512,545)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF YEAR 22,353,071 16,110,496   22,353,071   16,110,496 
             
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD 5,182,925 9,490,659   26,051,641   10,446,669 
-CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD 3,608,933 1,612,459   14,338,637   1,342,085 
-RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD 1,573,992 7,878,200   11,713,004   9,104,584 
             
SUPPLEMENTARY CASH FLOW INFORMATION             
Income taxes paid 1,199,807 1,815,156   1,711,101   1,981,072 
Interest paid 868,538 848,232   1,304,062   1,274,399 
             
SUPPLEMENTAL NON-CASH DISCLOSURES:             
Long term and short term Advances to suppliers transferred to Construction in progress - 28,158,299 
Settlement of due from the JV Company and related parties with notes receivable from related parties 11,055,587 36,310,747 
Settlement of accounts receivables with notes receivable from unrelated parties 8,859,211 39,932,517 
Assignment of notes receivable from unrelated parties to supplier to settle accounts payable 8,682,321 12,570,974 
Assignment of notes receivable from the JV Company and related parties to supplier to settle accounts payable 5,623,609 35,176,703 
Assignment of notes receivable from the JV Company and related parties to supplier to settle other payable 7,429,355 - 
Settlement of accounts payable with notes payables 20,502,956 19,480,843 
Acquisition of Jinhua An Kao by stock - 20,718,859   -   20,718,859 
Replacement of notes payables with accounts payable 2,800,749 10,994,880 
Amount due from the JV Company converted to investment in the JV Company - 85,602,991 
Reversal of construction in progress and accounts payable - 8,299,226 
Reclassification of overpaid accounts payable to advances to suppliers - 3,703,808 
Acquisition of SC Autosports by stock  -   756,664 
Amount due from the Affiliate Company converted to investment in the Affiliate Company  -   83,669,804 
Notes receivable from unrelated parties for equity transfer payment  43,137,369   - 

 

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements


NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

 

Kandi Technologies Group, Inc. (“Kandi Technologies”) was incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware on March 31, 2004. As used herein, the terms “Company”, “The Company” or “Kandi” refer to Kandi Technologies and its operating subsidiaries, as described below.

 

Headquartered in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China (“China”), the Company is one of China’s leading producers and manufacturers of electric vehicle (“EV”) products (through the Affiliate Company, formerly defined as the JV Company), EV parts, and off-road vehicles for sale in Chinese and global markets. The Company conducts its primary business operations through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Zhejiang Kandi Vehicles Co., Ltd. (“Kandi Vehicles”), and Kandi Vehicles’ wholly and partially-owned subsidiaries, and SC Autosports LLC (“SC Autosports”).

 

The Company’s organizational chart as of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 is as follows:

 

 


Operating Subsidiaries:

Pursuant to certain VIE (as defined below in this report) agreements that were executed in January 2011, Kandi Vehicles is entitled to 100% of the economic benefits, voting rights and residual interests (100% of profits and losses) of Jinhua Kandi New Energy Vehicles Co., Ltd. (“Kandi New Energy”). Kandi New Energy currently holds battery pack production licensing rights, and supplies battery packs to the JV Company (as such term is defined below).

In April 2012, pursuant to an agreement with the shareholders of YongkangScrou Electric Co, Ltd. (“YongkangScrou”), the Company acquired 100% of YongkangScrou, a manufacturer of automobile and EV parts. YongkangScrou currently manufactures and sells EV drive motors, EV controllers, air conditioners and other electric products to the JV Company.

In March 2013, pursuant to a joint venture agreement (the “JV Agreement”) entered into by Kandi Vehicles and Shanghai Maple Guorun Automobile Co., Ltd. (“Shanghai Guorun”), a 99%-owned subsidiary of Geely Automobile Holdings Ltd. (“Geely”), the parties established Zhejiang Kandi Electric Vehicles Co., Ltd. (the “JV Company”) to develop, manufacture and sell EV products and related auto parts. In March 2014, the JV Company changed its name to Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd. On March 21, 2019, Kandi Vehicle signed an Equity Transfer Agreement (the “Transfer Agreement”) with Geely Technologies Group Co., Ltd. (“Geely”) to transfer certain equity interests in the JV CompanyKandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd. (the “Affiliate Company”, formerly defined as the “JV Company”) to Geely. Pursuant to the Transfer Agreement, the JVAffiliate Company converted a loan of RMB 314 million (approximately $46.7 million) from Geely Group last year to equity in order to increase its cash flow. As a result, the registered capital of the JVAffiliate Company became RMB 2.442.40 billion (approximately $363.2$336.3 million), of which Kandi Vehicles ownsthen owned 43.47% and Geely ownsowned 56.53%, respectively, upon the conversion of the loan into equity in the JVAffiliate Company. After that, Kandi Vehicles further agreed to sell 21.47% of its equity interests in the JVAffiliate Company to Geely for a total amount of RMB 516 million (approximately $76.9$72.3 million). As of September 29, 2019, Kandi Vehicles has received payments in cash totaling RMB 220 million (approximately $30.9 million) and certain commercial acceptance notes of RMB 296 million (approximately $41.6 million), of which RMB 140 million (approximately $19.7 million) shall mature on January 20, 2020 and the remaining RMB 156 million (approximately $21.9 million) shall mature on March 29, 2020. As a result of the completion of the equity transfer on September 29, 2019, Kandi Vehicles now owns 22% and Geely and its affiliates own 22%78% of the equity interests of the JV Company after the transfer.Affiliate Company. As of the date of this report, the equity transfer has not been completed yet.

In March 2013, Kandi Vehicles formed Kandi Electric Vehicles (Changxing) Co., Ltd. (“KandiChangxing”) in the Changxing (National) Economic and Technological Development Zone. KandiChangxing is engaged in the production of EV products. In the fourth quarter of 2013, Kandi Vehicles entered into an ownership transfer agreement with the JV Company pursuant to which Kandi Vehicles transferred 100% of its ownership in KandiChangxing to the JV Company. The Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, owns an indirect 43.47% economic interest in KandiChangxing.

In November 2013, Kandi Electric Vehicles Jinhua Co., Ltd. (“Kandi Jinhua”) was formed by the JV Company. The JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in Kandi Jinhua, andnow the Company through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectlyonly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Kandi Jinhua. In April 2017, Kandi Jinhua was reorganized to be owned directly by Kandi Jiangsu, which is 100% directly owned by the JV Company.

In November 2013, Zhejiang Ji He Kang Electric Vehicle Sales Co., Ltd. (“JiHeKang”) was formed by the JV Company. JiHeKang is engaged in the car sales business. The JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in JiHeKang, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in JiHeKang. In April 2017, JiHeKang was reorganized to be owned directly by Kandi Jiangsu, which is 100% directly owned by the JV Company.

In December 2013, the JV Company entered into an ownership transfer agreement with Shanghai Guorun, pursuant to which the JV Company acquired a 100% ownership interest in Kandi Electric Vehicles (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (“Kandi Shanghai”). As a result, Kandi Shanghai is a wholly-owned subsidiary22% of the JV Company, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Kandi Shanghai.

In January 2014, Kandi Electric Vehicles Jiangsu Co., Ltd. (“Kandi Jiangsu”) was formed by the JV Company. The JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in Kandi Jiangsu, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Kandi Jiangsu. Kandi Jiangsu is primarily engaged in EV research and development, manufacturing, and sales. As of the date of this report, Kandi Jiangsu directly owns 100% of JiHeKang, JiHeKang Service Company, Liuchuang and KandiJinhua.

In November 2015, the JV Company formed Hangzhou Puma Investment Management Co., Ltd. (“Puma Investment”). Puma Investment used to provide investment and consulting services. The JV Company had a 50% ownership interest in Puma Investment (the other 50% is owned by Zuozhongyou Electric Vehicles Service (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd.). The Company, through its ownership of the JV Company, indirectly owned an 21.74% economic interest in Puma Investment. Puma Investment was dissolved in May 2019.


In November 2015, the JV Company formed Hangzhou JiHeKang Electric Vehicle Service Co., Ltd. ( “JiHeKang Service Company”). JiHeKang Service Company focuses on after-market services for EV products. In April 2017, JiHeKang Service Company was reorganized to be owned directly by Kandi Jiangsu, which is 100% directly owned by the JV Company. The JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in the JiHeKang Service Company. The Company, through the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in JiHeKang Service Company.

In April 2013, Kandi Vehicles and Kandi New Energy formed Kandi Electric Vehicles (Wanning) Co., Ltd., which was renamed Kandi Electric Vehicles (Hainan) Co., Ltd. (“Kandi Hainan”), when it was relocated from Wanning City to Haikou City in January 2016. Kandi Vehicles has a 90% ownership interest in Kandi Hainan, and Kandi New Energy hasredefined as the remaining 10% ownership interest. Kandi Vehicles is, effectively, entitled to 100% of the economic benefits, voting rights and residual interests (100% of the profits and losses) of Kandi Hainan as Kandi Vehicles is entitled to 100% of the economic benefits, voting rights and residual interests of Kandi New Energy.

In August 2016, JiHeKang formed Jiangsu JiDian Electric Vehicle Sales Co., Ltd. (“Jiangsu JiDian”). Jiangsu JiDian is engaged in the car sales business. Since JiHeKang is 100% owned by the JV Company, the JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in Jiangsu JiDian, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Jiangsu JiDian.

In October 2016, JiHeKang acquired Tianjin BoHaiWan Vehicle Sales Co., Ltd. (“Tianjin BoHaiWan”), which is engaged in the car sales business. Since JiHeKang is 100% owned by the JV Company, the JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in Tianjin BoHaiWan, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Tianjin BoHaiWan.

In November 2016, JiHeKang formed Guangdong JiHeKang Electric Vehicle Sales Co., Ltd. (“Guangdong JiHeKang”). Guangdong JiHeKang is engaged in the car sales business. Since JiHeKang is 100% owned by the JV Company, the JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in Guangdong JiHeKang, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Guangdong JiHeKang.

In March 2017, Kandi Jiangsu formed Hangzhou Liuchuang Electric Vehicle Technology Co., Ltd. (“Liuchuang”). Since Kandi Jiangsu is 100% owned by the JV Company, the JV Company has a 100% ownership interest in Liuchuang, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Liuchuang.

In December 2017, the JV Company formed Zhejiang Chang Dian Technology Co., Ltd. (“Zhejiang Chang Dian”). Zhejiang Chang Dian is primarily engaged in the battery replacement business. Zhejiang Chang Dian is 100% owned by the JV Company, and the Company, through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, indirectly owns a 43.47% economic interest in Zhejiang Chang Dian.

In December 2017, Kandi Vehicles and the sole shareholder of Jinhua An Kao Power Technology Co., Ltd. (“Jinhua An Kao”) entered into a Share Transfer Agreement and a Supplementary Agreement, pursuant to which Kandi Vehicles acquired Jinhua An Kao. The two agreements were signed on December 12, 2017 and the closing took place on January 3, 2018. Kandi Vehicles acquired 100% of the equity interests of Jinhua An Kao for a purchase price of approximately RMB 25.93 million (approximately $4 million) in cash. In addition, pursuant to the Supplementary Agreement, the Company issued a total of 2,959,837 shares of restrictive stock, or 6.2% of the Company’s total outstanding shares of the common stock to the shareholder of Jinhua An Kao, and may be required to pay future consideration of an additional 2,959,837 shares of common stock, which are being held in escrow, to be released upon the achievement of certain net income-based milestones in the next three years. The Supplementary Agreement sets forth the terms and conditions of the issuance of these shares, including a provision that gives the Company the voting rights of the make good shares until conditions for vesting such shares are satisfied.

In March 2018, Zhejiang Chang Dian formed Jiangsu Gu Xiang New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (“Jiangsu Gu Xiang”). Jiangsu Gu Xiang is primarily engaged in technical research, development, servicing and consultation for new energy vehicles, battery replacement and maintenance, and other related business.

In April 2018, Zhejiang Chang Dian Technology Co., Ltd. Hangzhou Tonglu Branch (“Chang Dian Tonglu”) was formed by Zhejiang Chang Dian. Chang Dian Tonglu is primarily engaged in the battery replacement business.

In April 2018, Zhejiang Chang Dian formed Zhejiang Chang Dian Technology Co., Ltd. Changxing Branch (“Chang Dian Changxing”). Chang Dian Changxing is primarily engaged in the battery replacement business. Chang Dian Changxing was dissolved in January 2019.


On May 31, 2018, the Company entered into a Membership Interests Transfer Agreement (the “Transfer Agreement”) with the two members of SC Autosports LLC (“SC Autosports”) (formerly known as: Sportsman Country, LLC) pursuant to which the Company acquired 100% of the ownership of SC Autosports. SC Autosports is a Dallas-based sales company primarily engaged in the wholesale of off-road vehicle products, with a small percentage of business in wholesale and retail of off-road vehicle parts. According to the terms of the Transfer Agreement, the Company transferred $10.0 million worth of restricted shares to acquire 100% of the membership interests of SC Autosports, of which the Company was required to issue $1.0 million of corresponding restricted shares within 30 days of the signing date of the Transfer Agreement, and the remaining $9.0 million of corresponding restricted shares to be released from escrow based on SC Autosports’s pre-tax profit performance over the course of the following three years. The transaction closed in July 2018.

On March 4, 2019, in order to build a logistics network composed of suppliers, manufacturers, warehouses, distribution centers and channel providers, meeting the needs of improving production and operation efficiency, the Company participated in the formation of Zhejiang Kandi Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd. (“Supply Chain Company”). Kandi Vehicle has a 10% ownership interest in Supply Chain Company, the remaining 90% is owned by unrelated other parties. As of the date of this report, Kandi Vehicle has not made any capital contribution to Supply Chain Company and is not involved in its operations.Affiliate Company.

  

The Company’s primary business operations consist of designing, developing, manufacturing and commercializing EV products (through Kandi HainanElectric Vehicles (Hainan) Co., Ltd. and the JVAffiliate Company), EV parts and off-road vehicles. As part of its strategic objective of becoming a leading manufacturer of EV products (through the JVAffiliate Company) and related services, the Company has increased its focus on pure EV-related products, and is actively pursuing expansion in the Chinese and international markets, especially the U.S. market.

 

NOTE 2 - LIQUIDITY

 

The Company had a working capital of $9,640,337$80,374,159 as of JuneSeptember 30, 2019, an increase of $7,113,426$77,847,248 from a working capital of $2,526,911 as of December 31, 2018. As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents was $14,338,637 and $ 15,662,201, respectively, the Company’s restricted cash was $11,713,004 and $6,690,870, respectively.

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company signed an agreement to sell 21.47% of its equity interests in the Affiliate Company to Geely for a total amount of RMB 516 million (approximately $72.3 million). As of September 29, 2019, the Company has received payments in cash totaling RMB 220 million (approximately $30.9 million) and certain commercial acceptance notes of RMB 296 million (approximately $41.6 million) from Geely, of which RMB 140 million (approximately $19.7 million) shall mature on January 20, 2020 and the remaining RMB 156 million (approximately $21.9 million) shall mature on March 29, 2020. The Company plans to apply the proceeds from the equity transfer to its ongoing operations. The cash flow and operating capacity of the Company will be greatly improved after receiving the above payments.

 

Although the Company expects that most of its outstanding trade receivables from customers will be collected in the next twelve months, there are uncertainties with respect to the timing in collecting these receivables, especially the receivables due from the JVAffiliate Company, because most of them are indirectly impacted by the progress of the receipt of government subsidies.


The Company’s primary need for liquidity stems from its need to fund working capital requirements of the Company’s businesses, its capital expenditures and its general operations, including debt repayment. The Company has historically financed its operations through short-term commercial bank loans from Chinese banks. These loans typically have one year terms, and upon the payment of all outstanding principal and interest on a particular loan, the banks, have typically rolled over the loan for an additional one-year term, with adjustments made to the interest rate to reflect prevailing market rates. This practice has been ongoing and the Company believes that short-term bank loans will remain available on normal trade terms if needed.

We finance ouras well as its ongoing operating activities by using funds from our operations, external credit or financing arrangements. WeThe Company routinely monitormonitors current and expected operational requirements and financial market conditions to evaluate the use of available financing sources. Considering ourthe existing working capital position and ourthe ability to access debt funding sources, we believethe management believes that ourthe Company’s operations and borrowing resources are sufficient to provide for ourits current and foreseeable capital requirements to support ourits ongoing operations for the next twelve months.

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company signed an agreement to sell 21.47% of its equity interests in the JV Company to Geely for a total amount of RMB 516 million (approximately $75.2 million). The Company received RMB 100 million (approximately $14.6 million) on April 11, 2019 and RMB 100 million (approximately $14.6 million) on July 12, 2019 from Geely, and the rest is expected to be collected before September 25, 2019. The Company plans to apply the proceeds from the equity transfer to its ongoing operations.

As of the date of this report, the JV Company has received a national subsidy payment of RMB 876 million (approximately $127.7 million). In connection with the transfer of the equity interests of the JV Company in the first half of 2019 as described above and elsewhere in this report, the JV Company is restructuring its management team. The new management team needs time for the transition. As it is out of our control as to when the new management team of the JV Company will finish the transition of work, we cannot predict the exact date of us receiving the amount due from the JV Company. However, based on its sufficient cash flow, the Company expects to receive the amount due from the JV Company within one year at the latest.

The cash flow and operating capacity of the Company will be greatly improved after we receive the above payments.


NOTE 3 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION

 

The Company maintains its general ledger and journals using the accrual method of accounting for financial reporting purposes. The Company’saccompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes are the representations of the Company’s management. Accounting policies adopted by the Company conform tohave been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim information, and havewith the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. In the management’s opinion, the interim financial statements reflect all normal adjustments that are necessary to provide a fair presentation of the financial results for the interim periods presented. Operating results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for an entire fiscal year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2018 has been consistently applied inderived from the audited consolidated financial statements as of such date. For a more complete understanding of the Company’s presentation ofbusiness, financial position, operating results, cash flows, risk factors and other matters, please refer to its financial statements.Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018 (the “2018 Form 10-K”).

 

NOTE 4 - PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

 

The Company’s consolidated financial statements reflect the accounts of the Company and its ownership interests in the following subsidiaries:

 

(1)Continental Development Limited (“Continental”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong;

 

(2)Kandi Vehicles, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Continental;

 

(3)Jinhua Kandi New Energy Vehicles Co., Ltd. (“Kandi New Energy”), a 50%-owned subsidiary of Kandi Vehicles (Mr. Hu Xiaoming owns the other 50%). Pursuant to agreements executed in January 2011, Mr. Hu Xiaoming contracted with Kandi Vehicles for the operation and management of Kandi New Energy and put his shares of Kandi New Energy into escrow. As a result, Kandi Vehicles is entitled to 100% of the economic benefits, voting rights and residual interests of Kandi New Energy;

 

(4)YongkangScrou Electric Co, Ltd. (“YongkangScrou”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kandi Vehicles;Vehicles in China;

 

(5)Kandi Hainan,Electric Vehicles (Hainan) Co., Ltd. (“Kandi Hainan”), a subsidiary in China, 10% owned by Kandi New Energy and 90% owned by Kandi Vehicles;

 

(6)Jinhua An Kao Power Technology Co., Ltd. (“Jinhua An Kao”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Kandi Vehicles;Vehicles in China; and

 

(7)SC Autosports, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company.Company in the U.S.

 

Equity Method Investees

 

The Company’s consolidated net income also includes the Company’s proportionate share of the net income or loss of its equity method investees as follows:

 

(1)The JV Company, a 43.47% owned subsidiary of Kandi Vehicles;
(2)KandiChangxing, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in KandiChangxing;
(3)KandiJinhua, a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of Kandi Jiangsu, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in KandiJinhua;

(4)JiHeKang, a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of Kandi Jiangsu, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in JiHeKang;
(5)Kandi Shanghai, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Kandi Shanghai;
(6)Kandi Jiangsu, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Kandi Jiangsu;
(7)The JiHeKang Service Company, a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of Kandi Jiangsu, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in the JiHeKang Service Company.
(8)Tianjin BoHaiWan, a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of JiHeKang, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Tianjin BoHaiWan;
(9)Liuchuang, a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of Kandi Jiangsu, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Liuchuang;
(10)Jiangsu JiDian, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Jiangsu JiDian;
(11)Guangdong JiHeKang, a wholly-owned direct subsidiary of JiHeKang, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Guangdong JiHeKang; and

(12)Zhejiang Chang Dian, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Zhejiang Chang Dian.
(13)Chang Dian Tonglu, branch of Zhejiang Chang Dian, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Chang Dian Tonglu.
(14)Jiangsu Gu Xiang, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Zhejiang Chang Dian, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the JV Company. The Company, indirectly through its 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company, has a 43.47% economic interest in Jiangsu Gu Xiang.

The Affiliate Company, a 22% owned subsidiary of Kandi Vehicles and its subsidiaries

 

All intra-entity profits and losses with regard to the Company’s equity method investees have been eliminated.


NOTE 5 - USE OF ESTIMATES

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made; however actual results when ultimately realized could differ from those estimates.

 

NOTE 6 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

(a) Economic and Political Risks

The Company’s operationsOur significant accounting policies are conducteddetailed in China. As a result, the Company’s business, financial condition and results“Note 2 - Summary of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in China, and by the general state of the Chinese economy. In addition, the Company’s earnings are subject to movements in foreign currency exchange rates when transactions are denominated in Renminbi (“RMB”), which is the Company’s functional currency. Accordingly, the Company’s operating results are affected by changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and the RMB.

The Company’s operations in China are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environment and foreign currency exchange restrictions. The Company’s performance may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social conditions in China, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation, among other things.

(b) Fair Value of Financial Instruments

ASC 820 establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. The hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market.

These tiers include:

Level 1—defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets;

Level 2—defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and

Level 3—defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

The Company’s financial instruments primarily consist of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, notes receivable, other receivables, accounts payable, other payables and accrued liabilities, short-term bank loans, notes payable, and contingent consideration.

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, notes receivable, other receivables, accounts payable, other payables and accrued liabilities approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of these items. The estimated fair values of short-term bank loans were not materially different from their carrying value as presented due to the brief maturities and because the interest rates on these borrowings approximate those that would have been available for loans of similar remaining maturities and risk profiles. As the carrying amounts are reasonable estimates of fair value, these financial instruments are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company identified notes payable as Level 2 instruments due to the fact that the inputs to valuation are primarily based upon readily observable pricing information. As notes payableSignificant Accounting Policies” of the Company usually has maximum terms of six months, the Company assumes the carrying value of notes payable equals fair value. The balance of notes payable, which were measured and disclosed at fair value, was $20,258,972 and $12,787,619 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 respectively.Form 10-K.


Contingent consideration related to the acquisitions of Jinhua An Kao and SC Autosports, which is accounted for as liabilities, are measured at each reporting date for their fair value using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of contingent consideration was $6,619,000 and $7,256,000 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

(c) Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers highly-liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s restricted cash was $1,573,992 and $6,690,870, respectively.

(d) Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value (market value). The cost of raw materials is determined on the basis of weighted average. The cost of finished goods is determined on the basis of weighted average and comprises direct materials, direct labor and an appropriate proportion of overhead.

Net realizable value is based on estimated selling prices less selling expenses and any further costs expected to be incurred for completion. Adjustments to reduce the cost of inventory to net realizable value are made, if required, for estimated excess, obsolescence, or impaired balances.

(e) Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recognized and carried at net realizable value. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded for periods in which the Company determines a loss is probable, based on its assessment of specific factors, such as troubled collections, historical experience, accounts aging, ongoing business relations and other factors. Accounts are written off after exhaustive collection efforts. If accounts receivable are to be provided for, or written off, they are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations within the operating expenses line item. If accounts receivable previously written off is recovered in a later period or when facts subsequently become available to indicate that the amount provided as an allowance for doubtful accounts was incorrect, an adjustment is made to restate allowance for doubtful accounts.

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, credit terms with the Company’s customers were typically 180 to 360 days after delivery. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had a $135,557 and $120,010 allowance for doubtful accounts, as per the Company management’s judgment based on their best knowledge. The Company conducts quarterly assessments of the state of the Company’s outstanding receivables and reserves any allowance for doubtful accounts if it becomes necessary.

(f) Amount due from the JV Company, net

Net amount due from the JV Company represent net trade receivable from the JV Company, loan lending to the JV Company as well as interest related to such loan. As of June 30, 2019, the Company’s net amount due from the JV Company includes $58 million net trade receivable and $2 million loan interest. As of the date of this report, the JV Company has received a national subsidy payment of RMB 876 million (approximately $127.7 million). In connection with the transfer of the equity interests of the JV Company in the first half of 2019 as described above and elsewhere in this report, the JV Company is restructuring its management team. The new management team needs time for the transition. As it is out of our control as to when the new management team of the JV Company will finish the transition of work, we cannot predict the exact date of us receiving the amount due from the JV Company. However, based on its sufficient cash flow, the Company expects to receive the amount due from the JV Company within one year at the latest.

(g) Other Receivable

Other receivable represent receivables other than trade receivable, amount due from the JV Company, amount due from related party and notes receivable. As of June 30, 2019, the company’s other receivable includes $5.2 million short-term loan lending to unrelated party with 6% annual interest rate, in order to maximize the use of idle cash.


(h) Notes receivable

Notes receivable represent short-term loans to third parties with maximum terms of six months. Interest income is recognized according to each agreement between a borrower and the Company on an accrual basis. For notes receivable with banks, the interest rates are determined by banks. For notes receivable with other parties, the interest rates are based on agreements between the parties. If notes receivable are paid back, that transaction will be recognized in the relevant year. If notes receivable are not paid back, or are written off, that transaction will be recognized in the relevant year if default is probable, reasonably assured, and the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company will recognize income if the written-off loan is recovered at a future date. In case of any foreclosure proceedings or legal actions, the Company provides an accrual for the related foreclosure and litigation expenses. The Company also receives notes receivable from the JV Company and other parties to settle accounts receivable. If the Company decides to sell notes receivable at a discount for the purpose of receiving immediate cash, the current discount rate is approximately in the range of 3.50% to 4.50% annually. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had notes receivable from unrelated parties of $0 and $72,712, respectively, which notes receivable typically mature within six months. As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had notes receivable from JV Company and other related parties of $1,456,537 and $3,861,032, respectively, which notes receivable typically mature within six months.

(i) Advances to Suppliers

Advances to suppliers represent cash paid in advance to suppliers, and include advances to raw material suppliers, mold manufacturers, and equipment suppliers.

Advances for raw material purchases are typically settled within two months of the Company’s receipt of the raw materials. Prepayment is offset against the purchase price after the equipment or materials are delivered.

(j) Property, Plants and Equipment

Property, Plants and equipment are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated over the asset’s estimated useful life, using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the asset or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Estimated useful lives are as follows:

Buildings30 years
Machinery and equipment10 years
Office equipment5 years
Motor vehicles5 years
Molds5 years

The costs and related accumulated depreciation of assets sold or otherwise retired are eliminated from the Company’s accounts and any gain or loss is included in the statements of income. The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to expenses as incurred, whereas significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.

(k) Construction in Progress

Construction in progress (“CIP”) represents the direct costs of construction, and the acquisition costs of buildings or machinery. Capitalization of these costs ceases, and construction in progress is transferred to plants and equipment, when substantially all the activities necessary to prepare the assets for their intended use are completed. No depreciation is provided for until the assets are completed and ready for their intended use.

(l) Land Use Rights

Land in China is owned by the government and land ownership rights cannot be sold to an individual or to a private company. However, the Chinese government grants the user a “land use right” to use the land. The land use rights granted to the Company are amortized using the straight-line method over a fifty-year term.

(m) Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used, including intangible assets subject to amortization, when events and circumstances warrant such a review, pursuant to the guidelines established in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 144 (now known as “ASC 360”). The carrying value of a long-lived asset is considered impaired when the anticipated undiscounted cash flow from such asset is separately identifiable and is less than its carrying value. In that event, a loss is recognized based on the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the fair market value of the long-lived asset. Fair market value is determined primarily using the anticipated cash flows discounted at a rate commensurate with the risk involved. Losses on long-lived assets to be disposed of are determined in a similar manner, except that fair market values are reduced for disposal costs.

The Company recognized no impairment loss during the reporting period.


(n) Revenue Recognition

The Company adopted ASC Topic 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers with a date of the initial application of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method. As a result, the Company has changed its accounting policy for revenue recognition. The impact of the adoption of ASC Topic 606 on the Company’s consolidated financial statements is not material.

In determining when and how revenue is recognized from contracts with customers, the Company performs the following five-step analysis: (i) identification of contract with customer; (ii) determination of performance obligations; (iii) measurement of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies each performance obligation.

The Company generates revenue through sales of EV parts and off-road vehicles. The revenue is recognized at a point in time once the Company has determined that the customer has obtained control over the product. Control is typically deemed to have been transferred to the customer when the performance obligation is fulfilled, usually at the time of delivery, at the net sales price (transaction price). Estimates of variable consideration, such as volume discounts and rebates, are determined, reviewed and revised periodically by management. The amount of variable consideration recognize is limited and is not likely to be reversed. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Shipping and handling costs for product shipments occur prior to the customer obtaining control of the goods are accounted for as fulfillment costs rather than separate performance obligations and recorded as sales and marketing expenses.

The Company’s contracts are predominantly short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. For those contracts, the Company has utilized the practical expedient in ASC Topic 606 exempting the Company from disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations if the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Receivables are recorded when the Company has an unconditional right to consideration.

See Note 23 “Segment Reporting” for disaggregation of revenue by reporting segments. The Company believes this disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

(o) Research and Development

Expenditures relating to the development of new products and processes, including improvements to existing products, are expensed as incurred. Research and development expenses were $632,590 and $642,889 for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and June 30, 2018, respectively. Research and development expenses were $1,170,023 and $1,400,187 for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and June 30, 2018, respectively.

(p) Government Grants

Grants and subsidies received from the Chinese government are recognized when the proceeds are received or collectible and related milestones have been reached and all contingencies have been resolved.

For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, $175,319 and $15,558, respectively, were received by the Company’s subsidiaries from the Chinese government. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, $223,043 and $110,813, respectively, were received by the Company’s subsidiaries from the Chinese government.

(q) Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income tax using an asset and liability approach, which allows for the recognition of deferred tax benefits in future years. Under the asset and liability approach, deferred taxes are provided for the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The accounting for deferred tax calculation represents the Company management’s best estimate of the most likely future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns and related future anticipation. A valuation allowance is provided for deferred tax assets if it is more likely than not these items will either expire before the Company is able to realize their benefits, or that future realization will be uncertain.


(r) Foreign Currency Translation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in United States dollars. The functional currency of the Company is the Renminbi (RMB). Capital accounts of the consolidated financial statements are translated into United States dollars from RMB at their historical exchange rates when the capital transactions occurred.

Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates as of balance sheet date. Income and expenditures are translated at the average exchange rate of the reporting period, which rates are obtained from the website: http://www.oanda.com

  June 30,  December 31,  June 30, 
  2019  2018  2018 
Period end RMB : USD exchange rate  6.8656   6.8764   6.61905 
Average RMB : USD exchange rate  6.7839   6.6146   6.3666 

(s) Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, all items that are required to be recognized under current accounting standards as components of comprehensive income are required to be reported in a financial statement that is presented with the same prominence as other financial statements. Comprehensive income includes net income and the foreign currency translation changes.

(t) Segments

In accordance with ASC 280-10, Segment Reporting, the Company’s chief operating decision makers rely upon the consolidated results of operations when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing the performance of the Company. As a result of the assessment made by the Company’s chief operating decision makers, the Company has only one operating segment. The Company does not distinguish between markets or segments for the purpose of internal reporting.

(u) Stock Option Expenses

The Company’s stock option expenses are recorded in accordance with ASC 718.

The fair value of stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. The Company’s expected volatility assumption is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock. The expected life assumption is primarily based on the expiration date of the option. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

The recognition of stock option expenses is based on awards expected to vest. ASC standards require forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised in subsequent periods, if necessary, if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

The stock-based option expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, were $0 and $589,430. The stock-based option expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, were $0 and $1,586,926 net of a reversal for forfeited stock option of $2,644,877, respectively. See Note 18. There were no forfeitures estimated during the reporting period.

(v) Goodwill

The Company allocates goodwill from business combinations to reporting units based on the expectation that the reporting unit is to benefit from the business combination. The Company evaluates its reporting units on an annual basis and, if necessary, reassigns goodwill using a relative fair value allocation approach. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, or sale or disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit.


Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgments, including the identification of reporting units, assignment of assets and liabilities to reporting units, assignment of goodwill to reporting units, and the determination of the fair value of each reporting unit. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired. If the more likely than not threshold is met, the Company performs a quantitative impairment test.

As of June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, the Company determined that its goodwill was not impaired.

(w) Intangible assets

Intangible assets consist of patent, trade names and customer relations associated with the purchase price from the allocation of YongkangScrou and Jinhua An Kao. Such assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets are amortized as of June 30, 2019. The amortization expenses for intangible assets were $157,967 and $167,563 for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively. The amortization expenses for intangible assets were $ 317,470 and $335,588 for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

(x) Accounting for Sale of Common Stock and Warrants

Gross proceeds are first allocated according to the initial fair value of the freestanding derivative instruments (i.e. the warrants issued to the Company’s investors in its previous offerings, or the “Investor Warrants”). The remaining proceeds are allocated to common stock. The related issuance expenses, including the placement agent cash fees, legal fees, the initial fair value of the warrants issued to the placement agent and others were allocated between the common stock and the Investor Warrants based on how the proceeds are allocated to these instruments. Expenses related to the issuance of common stock were charged to paid-in capital. Expenses related to the issuance of derivative instruments were expensed upon issuance.

(y) Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities

In accordance with accounting standards regarding consolidation of variable interest entities, or VIEs, VIEs are generally entities that lack sufficient equity to finance their activities without additional financial support from other parties or whose equity holders lack adequate decision making ability. All VIEs with which the Company is involved must be evaluated to determine the primary beneficiary of the risks and rewards of the VIE. The primary beneficiary is required to consolidate the VIE for financial reporting purposes.

The Company has concluded, based on the contractual arrangements, that Kandi New Energy is a VIE and that the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Kandi Vehicles, absorbs a majority of the risk of loss from the activities of this company, thereby enabling the Company, through Kandi Vehicles, to receive a majority of its expected residual returns.

Additionally, because Kandi New Energy is under common control with other entities, the consolidated financial statements have been prepared as if the transactions had occurred retroactively as to the beginning of the reporting period of these consolidated financial statements.

Control and common control are defined under the accounting standards as “an individual, enterprise, or immediate family members who hold more than 50 percent of the voting ownership interest of each entity.” Because the owners collectively own 100% of Kandi New Energy, and have agreed to vote their interests in concert since the establishment of each of these three companies as memorialized in the Voting Rights Proxy Agreement, the Company believes that the owners collectively have control and common control of Kandi New Energy. Accordingly, the Company believes that Kandi New Energy was constructively held under common control by Kandi Vehicles as of the time the contractual agreements were entered into, establishing Kandi Vehicles as their primary beneficiary. Kandi Vehicles, in turn, is owned by Continental, which is owned by the Company.

  

NOTE 7 - NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Recent accounting pronouncements that the Company has adopted or may be required to adopt in the future are summarized below:

In May 2014, the FASB issued a new standard on revenue recognition related to contracts with customers. This standard supersedes nearly all existing revenue recognition guidance and involves a five-step principles-based approach to recognizing revenue. The new model requires revenue recognition to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration a company expects to receive. The new standard also require additional qualitative and quantitative about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments made in applying the revenue guidance, and assets recognized from the costs to obtain or fulfill a contract. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. The impact of adoption on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for any period presented is not material.


In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, “Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes.” This ASU amends existing guidance to require that deferred income tax assets and liabilities be classified as non-current in a classified balance sheet, and eliminates the prior guidance which required an entity to separate deferred tax assets and liabilities into a current amount and a non-current amount in a classified balance sheet. The Company adopted this standard prospectively in the first quarter of 2018. The impact of adoption on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for any period presented is not material.

  

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, together with subsequent Accounting Standards Updates collectively known as the “leases standard” or “ASC 842”. ASC 842 requires a lessee recognize the assets and liabilities that arise from leases. All leases create an asset and a liability for the lessee in accordance with FASB Concepts Statement No. 6, Elements of Financial Statements. Effective January 1, 2019, we havethe Company adopted the new standard using the effective date approach. WeThe Company elected to adopt both the transition relief provided in ASU 2018-11 and the package of practical expedients which allowed us, among other things, to retain historical lease classifications and accounting for any leases that existed prior to adoption of the standard. Additionally, wethe management elected the practical expedients allowing usthe Company not to separate lease and non-lease components and not record leases with an initial term of twelve months or less (“short-term leases”) on the balance sheet across all existing asset classes.

 

Adoption of the new standard resulted in the recording of operating lease assets and operating lease liabilities of $140,000 as of January 1, 2019, which primarily relates to ourthe corporate office leases for SC Autosports. The standard did not materially impact ourthe condensed consolidated statements of operations or cash flows. Adopting the new standard did not have a material impact on the accounting for leases under which we arethe Company is the lessee.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13,” Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments”, to require financial assets carried at amortized cost to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasts. Subsequently, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, to clarify that receivables arising from operating leases are within the scope of lease accounting standards. The ASUs are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. Adoption of the ASUs is modified retrospective. We are currently obtaining an understanding of the ASUs and plan to adopt them on January 1, 2020.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers Other than Inventory, which requires companies to recognize the income-tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs, rather than when the asset has been sold to an outside party. The Company adopted this standard prospectively in the first quarter of 2018. The impact of adoption on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for any period presented is not material.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted Cash,” (“ASU 2016-18”). This ASU requires a statement of cash flows to explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this standard in the first quarter of 2018. The impact of adoption on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for any period presented is not material.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which revises the definition of a business and provides new guidance in evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities is a business. The Company adopted this standard prospectively in the first quarter of 2018. The impact of adoption on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for any period presented is not material.

  

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04 (Topic 350) Intangibles—Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. Under the amended guidance, a goodwill impairment charge will now be recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. This ASU will be applied on a prospective basis and is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for any impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. The Company plans to adopt this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2019 and does not expect the adoption to have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 


In February 2018, the FASB released ASU 2018-2, “Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” This standard update addresses a specific consequence of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“U.S. tax reform”) and allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for the stranded tax effects resulting from U.S. tax reform. Consequently, the update eliminates the stranded tax effects that were created as a result of the historical U.S. federal corporate income tax rate to the newly enacted U.S. federal corporate income tax rate. The Company is required to adopt this standard in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this update should be applied either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. The Company has finished the evaluation and determined there is no impact of on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

 In June, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, as part of its ongoing Simplification Initiative. The amendments specify that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions where the grantor is acquiring goods or services being used or consumed in its own operations by issuing these awards. They do not apply to share-based payments that are used to effectively provide financing for the grantor/issuer or that are granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract which should be accounted for under Topic 606. The amendments in this Update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted as long as the adoption is not earlier than the adoption of Topic 606. The Company has evaluated the transactions and determined there is no impact of on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements because the Company expenses the non-employee Share-Based payment in the same period and in the same manner that a cash-based payment would be.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13 Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which eliminates, adds, and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements under ASC 820. This ASU is to be applied on a prospective basis for certain modified or new disclosure requirements, and all other amendments in the standard are to be applied on a retrospective basis. The new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

NOTE 8 - CONCENTRATIONS

 

(a) Customers

 

For the three-month periodsperiod ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, the Company’s major customers, each of whom accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenue, were as follows:

  

  Sales  Trade Receivable 
  Three Months  Three Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  June 30,  June 30,  June 30,  December 31, 
Major Customers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Jinhua Chaoneng Automobile Sales Co. Ltd.  36%  36%  23%  22%
Zhejiang Kuke Sports Technology Co., Ltd.  27%  4%  8%  2%
Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd. and its subsidiaries  17%  29%(1)  58%  66%

(1)Including 27% from Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd.

  Sales  Trade Receivable 
  Three Months  Three Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  September 30,  September 30,  September 30,  December 31, 
Major Customers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Customer A  30%  24%  27%  22%
Customer B  30%  4%  12%  2%
Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd. and its subsidiaries (related party)  15%  61%  30%  66%
Customer D  10%  -   8%  7%

For the six-month periodsnine-month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, the Company’s major customers, each of whom accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated revenue, were as follows:

  

  Sales  Trade Receivable 
  Six Months  Six Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  June 30,  June 30,  June 30,  December 31, 
Major Customers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Jinhua Chaoneng Automobile Sales Co. Ltd.  47%  24%  23%  22%
Zhejiang Kuke Sports Technology Co., Ltd.  18%  10%  8%  2%
Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd. and its subsidiaries  14%  30%(1)  58%  66%
  Sales  Trade Receivable 
  Nine Months  Nine Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  September 30,  September 30,  September 30,  December 31, 
Major Customers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Customer A  39%  24%  27%  22%
Customer B  23%  6%  12%  2%
Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd. and its subsidiaries (related party)  14%  49%  30%  66%

  

(1)Including 28% from Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd.


(b) Suppliers

 

For the three-month periodsperiod ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, the Company’s material suppliers, each of whom accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total purchases, were as follows:

  

  Purchases  Accounts Payable 
  Three Months  Three Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  June 30,  June 30,  June 30,  December 31 
Major Suppliers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Zhejiang Kandi Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd.  69%           3%         
Massimo Motor Sports, LLC  13%      1%    
  Purchases  Accounts Payable 
  Three Months  Three Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  September 30,  September 30,  September 30,  December 31 
Major Suppliers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Supplier E  93%  -   12%  - 

 

For the six-month periodsnine-month period ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, the Company’s material suppliers, each of whom accounted for more than 10% of the Company’s total purchases, were as follows:

  

  Purchases  Accounts Payable 
  Six Months  Six Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  June 30,  June 30,  June 30,  December 31, 
Major Suppliers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Zhejiang Kandi Supply Chain Management Co., Ltd.  48%         3%       
Massimo Motor Sports, LLC  15%      1%    

  Purchases  Accounts Payable 
  Nine Months  Nine Months       
  Ended  Ended       
  September 30,  September 30,  September 30,  December 31, 
Major Suppliers 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Supplier E  67%  -   12%  - 
Supplier F  13%  3%  6%  - 

NOTE 9 - EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

 

The Company calculates earnings per share in accordance with ASC 260, Earnings Per Share, which requires a dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share are computed using the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share represents basic earnings per share adjusted to include the potentially dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and warrants (using treasury stock method). ForDue to the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018,average market price of the common stock during the period below the exercise price of the options, approximately 3,900,000 and 3,900,000 potentially dilutive sharesoptions were excluded from the calculation of dilutive earningsdiluted net loss per share, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. Forfor the sixthree and nine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, and 2018,respectively. Due to the loss from operations, approximately 3,900,000 and 3,900,000 potentially dilutive sharesoptions were excluded from the calculation of dilutive earningsdiluted net loss per share, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, respectively.

 

The following is the calculation of earnings per share for the three-month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

  For three months ended 
  June 30, 
  2019  2018 
Net (loss) income $(7,318,158) $1,374,525 
Weighted average shares used in basic computation  52,806,331   51,140,542 
Dilutive shares  -   - 
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation  52,806,331   51,140,542 
         
(Loss) earnings per share:        
Basic $(0.14) $0.03 
Diluted $(0.14) $0.03 

  For three months ended 
  September 30, 
  2019  2018 
Net income (loss) $12,089,441  $(6,521,399)
Weighted average shares used in basic computation  52,613,642   51,474,048 
Dilutive shares  -   - 
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation  52,613,642   51,474,048 
         
Earnings (Loss) per share:        
Basic and diluted $0.23  $(0.13)

 


The following is the calculation of earnings per share for the six-monthnine-month periods ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

  For six months ended 
  June 30, 
  2019  2018 
Net (loss) income $(11,727,630) $5,102,520 
Weighted average shares used in basic computation  52,189,237   50,893,356 
Dilutive shares  -   - 
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation  52,189,237   50,893,356 
         
(Loss) earnings per share:        
Basic $(0.22) $0.10 
Diluted $(0.22) $0.10 
  For nine months ended 
  September 30, 
  2019  2018 
Net income (loss) $361,811  $(1,418,879)
Weighted average shares used in basic computation  52,332,260   51,089,047 
Dilutive shares  -   - 
Weighted average shares used in diluted computation  52,332,260   51,089,047 
         
Earnings (Loss) per share:        
Basic and diluted $0.01  $(0.03)

 

NOTE 10 - ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

 

Accounts receivable are summarized as follows:

 

 June 30, December 31,  September 30, December 31, 
 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Accounts receivable $42,062,281  $34,394,738  $54,990,221  $34,394,738 
Less: allowance for doubtful accounts  (135,557)  (120,010)  (130,420)  (120,010)
Accounts receivable, net $41,926,724  $34,274,728  $54,859,801  $34,274,728 

 

NOTE 11 - INVENTORIES

 

Inventories are summarized as follows:

 

 June 30, December 31,  September 30, December 31, 
 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Raw material $8,781,174  $7,741,264  $11,192,506  $7,040,728 
Work-in-progress  4,766,252   1,571,179   13,778,920   1,571,179 
Finished goods  16,334,406   13,526,126   10,475,957   13,385,961 
Total inventories  29,881,832   22,838,569 
Less: provision for slowing moving inventories  (901,110)  (840,701)
Inventories, net $28,980,722  $21,997,868 
Inventories $35,447,383  $21,997,868 

 


10

NOTE 12 - NOTES RECEIVABLE

 

Notes receivable from unrelated parties as

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, are summarized as follows:

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Notes receivable as below:      
Bank acceptance notes  -   72,712 
Notes receivable $-  $72,712 

Details ofthere was $41,549,888 notes receivable from unrelated parties, asamong which $70,067 were bank acceptance notes from payments for sales and $41,479,821 were commercial acceptance notes from payments for equity transfer of the Affiliate Company (refer to Note 24-summarized information of equity method investment in the Affiliate Company). As of December 31, 2018, are as set forth below:there was $72,712 notes receivable from unrelated parties, among which $72,712 were bank acceptance notes from payments for sales.

 

Index Amount ($)  Counter party Relationship Nature Manner of settlement
1  72,712  Shaanxi Hua Dao Auto Sales Co., Ltd. Third Party Payments for sales Not due

NotesAs of September 30, 2019, there was $0 notes receivable from the JVAffiliate Company and related parties. As of December 31, 2018. there was $3,861,032 notes receivable from the Affiliate Company and related parties, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, areamong which $3,861,032 were bank acceptance notes from payments for sales.

NOTE 13 - Other receivables

Other receivable is summarized as follows:

 

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Notes receivable as below:        
Bank acceptance notes  1,456,537   3,861,032 
Notes receivable $1,456,537  $3,861,032 
  September 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Loan to third party $9,187,863  $- 
Others  3,671,441   1,264,323 
Total other receivables $12,859,304  $1,264,323 

 

DetailsAs of notes receivable from the JV Company and related parties as of JuneSeptember 30, 2019, are as set forth below:

Index Amount ($)  Counter party Relationship Nature Manner of settlement
1  1,456,537  Kandi Shanghai Subsidiary of the JV Company Payments for sales Not due

Detailsthe Company’s other receivable includes $9.2 million short-term loan lent to an unrelated party with a 6% annual interest rate to maximize the use of Notes Receivable from JV Company and related party as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:idled cash. This loan can be redeemed at any time.

Index Amount ($)  Counter party Relationship Nature Manner of settlement
1  3,861,032  Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd. Joint Venture of the Company Payments for sales Not due

20

 

NOTE 1314 - PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

 

Property, plants and equipment as of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, consisted of the following:

 

 June 30, December 31,  September 30, December 31, 
 2019  2018  2019  2018 
At cost:                
Buildings $30,815,187  $30,638,417  $29,703,216  $30,638,417 
Machinery and equipment  63,601,618   63,398,627   61,376,817   63,398,627 
Office equipment  858,873   852,172   998,625   852,172 
Motor vehicles and other transport equipment  419,135   418,476   403,253   418,476 
Molds and others  26,388,927   26,849,806   25,420,383   26,849,806 
  122,083,740   122,157,498   117,902,294   122,157,498 
Less : Accumulated depreciation                
Buildings $(5,541,043) $(5,019,075) $(5,579,392) $(5,019,075)
Machinery and equipment  (11,441,912)  (8,442,940)  (12,395,351)  (8,442,940)
Office equipment  (462,411)  (393,893)  (464,806)  (393,893)
Motor vehicles and other transport equipment  (349,410)  (325,917)  (344,633)  (325,917)
Molds and others  (25,449,663)  (25,486,100)  (24,626,908)  (25,486,100)
  (43,244,439)  (39,667,925)  (43,411,090)  (39,667,925)
Less: provision for impairment for fixed assets  -   (443,650)
Less: impairment  -   (443,650)
Property, plant and equipment, net $78,839,301  $82,045,923  $74,491,204  $82,045,923 

 

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the net book value of property, plant and equipment pledged as collateral for the Company’s bank loans totaled $7,903,018$7,441,479 and $8,105,419, respectively. Also see Note 15.18.

 

Depreciation expenses for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and JuneSeptember 30, 2018 were $1,876,569$1,832,83 and $653,044,$239,434, respectively. Depreciation expenses for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and JuneSeptember 30, 2018 were $3,892,028$5,724,863 and $1,271,584,$1,511,018, respectively

 

NOTE 15 - INTANGIBLE ASSETS

21

 

Intangible assets include acquired other intangibles of trade name, customer relations and patent recorded at estimated fair values in accordance with purchase accounting guidelines for acquisitions.


The following table provides the gross carrying value and accumulated amortization for each major class of our intangible assets, other than goodwill:

  Remaining September 30,  December 31, 
  useful life 2019  2018 
Gross carrying amount:          
Trade name 2.25 years $492,235  $492,235 
Customer relations 2.25 years  304,086   304,086 
Patent 5.75-7.42 years  4,456,278   4,624,513 
     5,252,599   5,420,834 
Less : Accumulated amortization          
Trade name   $(376,366) $(338,307)
Customer relations    (232,505)  (208,993)
Patent    (919,740)  (545,407)
     (1,528,611)  (1,092,707)
Intangible assets, net   $3,723,988  $4,328,127 

The aggregate amortization expenses for those intangible assets that continue to be amortized is reflected in amortization of intangible assets in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income and were $154,027 and $157,817 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively. And $471,497 and $493,405 for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Amortization expenses for the next five years and thereafter are as follows:

2019 (Three Months) $157,166 
2020  628,663 
2021  628,663 
2022  549,304 
2023  546,568 
Thereafter  1,213,624 
Total $3,723,988 

 

NOTE 1416 - LAND USE RIGHTS, NET

 

The Company’s land use rights consist of the following:

 

 June 30, December 31,  September 30, December 31, 
 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Cost of land use rights $14,948,997  $14,925,518  $14,382,544  $14,925,518 
Less: Accumulated amortization  (3,345,403)  (3,175,790)  (3,297,827)  (3,175,790)
Land use rights, net $11,603,594  $11,749,728  $11,084,717  $11,749,728 

 

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the net book value of land use rights pledged as collateral for the Company’s bank loans was $7,656,229$7,366,117 and $7,756,253, respectively. Also see Note 15.18.

 

The amortization expenses for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and JuneSeptember 30, 2018, were $82,837$80,462 and $95,692,$82,586, respectively. The amortization expenses for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and JuneSeptember 30, 2018, were $166,599$247,061 and $184,591,$267,177, respectively. Amortization expenses for the next five years and thereafter is as follows:

 

2019 (Six Months) $166,599 
2020  333,198 
2021  333,198 
2022  333,198 
2023  333,198 
Thereafter  10,104,203 
Total $11,603,594 

NOTE 15 - SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM BANK LOANS

Short-term loans are summarized as follows:

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Loans from China Ever-bright Bank      
Interest rate 5.655% per annum, paid off on April 18, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, guaranteed by Mr. Hu Xiaoming and his wife, also guaranteed by Company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  -   10,179,745 
Loans from Hangzhou Bank        
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, due on October 14, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, also guaranteed by company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  7,107,900   7,096,737 
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, paid off on July 1, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, also guaranteed by company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  5,826,148   5,816,997 
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, paid off on July 4, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, also guaranteed by company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  4,690,049   4,682,683 
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, paid off on April 24, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  -   2,763,074 
Loans from Agricultural Bank of China        
Interest rate 5.22% per annum, due on April 18, 2020, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, also guaranteed by Mr. Hu Xiaoming, his wife and company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  4,369,611   - 
Interest rate 5.22% per annum, due on April 23, 2020, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  5,826,148   - 
Interest rate 5.22% per annum, due on May 3, 2020, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle. Also see Note 13 and Note 14.  4,369,610   - 
  $32,189,466  $30,539,236 
2019 (Three Months) $82,354 
2020  329,415 
2021  329,415 
2022  329,415 
2023  329,415 
Thereafter  9,684,703 
Total $11,084,717 

 


Long-term loans are summarized as follows:

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Loans from Haikou Rural Credit Cooperative      
Interest rate 7% per annum, due on December 12, 2021, guaranteed by Kandi Vehicle and Kandi New Energy.  28,693,778   28,794,136 
  $28,693,778   28,794,136 

The interest expenses of short-term and long-term bank loans for the three months ended June 30, 2019, and 2018 were $429,355 and $433,914, respectively. The interest expenses of short-term and long-term bank loans for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and 2018 were $868,538 and $848,232, respectively.NOTE 17 - CONSTRUCTION-IN-PROGRESS

 

In September 2019, in order to further increase the production capacity, YongkangScrou started building a factory of efficient new energy vehicle drive motors with a space of 6,639.9 square meters on the basis of the original plant. The total contract amount was RMB 6.6 million (approximately $0.9 million). The project is expected to be completed by 2020. As of June 30, 2019, the aggregate amount of short-term and long-term loans guaranteed by various third parties was $0.

NOTE 16 - NOTES PAYABLE

By issuing bank notes payable rather than paying cash to suppliers, the Company can defer payments until the bank notes payable are due. Depending on bank requirements, the Company may need to deposit restricted cash in banks to back up the bank notes payable, while the restricted cash deposited in the banks will generate interest income.

A bank acceptance note is a promised future payment, or time draft, which is accepted and guaranteed by a bank and drawn on a deposit at the bank. The banker’s acceptance note specifies the amount of the funds, the date, and the person to which the payment is due.

After acceptance, the draft becomes an unconditional liability of the bank, but the holder of the draft can sell (exchange) it for cash at a discount to a buyer who is willing to wait until the maturity date for the funds in the deposit. $1,323,992 and $6,440,870 were held as collateral for the notes payable as of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

As is common business practice in the PRC, the Company issues notes payable to its suppliers as settlement for accounts payable.

The Company’s notes payable also include the borrowing from the third party.

Notes payable for June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were summarized as follows:

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Bank acceptance notes: $   $  
Due January 9, 2019  -   872,550 
Due January 11, 2019  -   261,765 
Due January 12, 2019  -   1,454,249 
Due February 21, 2019  -   72,712 
Due February 28, 2019  -   872,550 
Due March 10, 2019  -   436,275 
Due March 20, 2019  -   290,850 
Due April 11, 2019  -   72,712 
Due May 1, 2019  -   2,908,499 
Due May 2, 2019  -   1,089,233 
Due May 7, 2019  -   436,275 
Due July 15, 2019  1,456,537   - 
Due August 2, 2019  333,547   - 
Due September 28, 2019  16,021,906   - 
Due October 2, 2019  116,523     
Due November 28, 2019  873,922     
Commercial acceptance notes:        
Due March 29, 2019  -   2,763,074 
Due September 28, 2019  1,456,537   - 
Other Notes Payable:        
Due March 31, 2019  -   1,256,875 
Total $20,258,972  $12,787,619 

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NOTE 17 - TAXES

(a) Corporation Income Tax

Pursuant to the tax laws and regulations of the PRC, the Company’s applicable corporate income taxConstruction-in-Progress (“CIT”CIP”) ratewere $17,781 and $0, respectively. No depreciation is 25%. However, Kandi Vehicles and Jinhua Ankao qualify as High and New Technology Enterprise (“HNTE”) companies in the PRC, and are entitled to pay a reduced income tax rate of 15%provided for the years presented. A HNTE Certificate is valid for three years. An entity may re-apply for an HNTE certificate when the prior certificate expires. Historically, Kandi Vehicles has successfully re-applied forCIP until such certificates when the its prior certificates expired. Jinhua Ankao qualify as HNTE since 2018. Therefore no records for renewal are available. The applicable CIT rate of each of the Company’s three other subsidiaries, Kandi New Energy, Yongkang Scrou and Kandi Hainan, the JV Company and its subsidiaries is 25%.

Our tax provision or benefit from income taxes for interim periods is determined using an estimate of our annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items, if any, that are taken into account in the relevant period. Each quarter we update our estimate of the annual effective tax rate, and if our estimated tax rate changes, we make a cumulative adjustment. For 2019, we estimate that our effective tax rate will be favorably affected by non-taxable income suchtime as the share of income of the JV Companyfacility is completed and the gain from the change of fair value of contingent liabilities and certain research and development super-deduction and adversely affected by non-deductible expenses such as part of entertainment expenses. We record valuation allowances against the deferred tax assets associated with lossesplaced into operation. There was no interest expense capitalized for which we may not realize a related tax benefit. After combining research and development tax credits of 25% on certain qualified research and development expenses, the Company’s effective tax rates for the six months ended June 30, 2019, and 2018 were a tax benefit of6.02% on a reported loss before taxes of approximately $12.5 million, and an effective income tax rate with a tax expense of 2.59% for the same period of last year on a reported income before taxes of approximately $5.2 million, respectively.

Our quarterly tax provision, and our quarterly estimate of our annual effective tax rate, is subject to significant variation due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting our pre-tax and taxable income and loss, acquisitions (including integrations) and investments, changes in our stock price, changes in our deferred tax assets and liabilities and their valuation, return to provision true-up, foreign currency gains (losses), changes in regulations and interpretations related to tax, accounting, and other areas. Additionally, our effective tax rate can be more or less volatile based on the amount of pre-tax income or loss. Our income tax provision for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 was tax benefit of $751,193 and tax expense of $135,645, respectively.

Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the guidance in ASC 740 relating to uncertain tax positions. The guidance addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under ASC 740, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. As of December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any liability for unrecognized tax benefits. The Company files income tax returns with the U.S. Internal Revenue Services (“IRS”) and those states where the Company has operations. The Company is subject to U.S. federal or state income tax examinations by the IRS and relevant state tax authorities for years after 2006. During the periods open to examination, the Company has net operating loss carry forwards (“NOLs”) for U.S. federal and state tax purposes that have attributes from closed periods. Since these NOLs may be utilized in future periods, they remain subject to examination. The Company also files certain tax returns in the PRC. As of June 30, 2019, the Company was not aware of any pending income tax examinations by U.S. or PRC tax authorities. The Company records interest and penalties on uncertain tax provisions as income tax expense. As of June 30, 2019 the Company has no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

The aggregate NOLs in 2018 was $28.1 million and the aggregate NOLs in 2017 was $22.7 million deriving from entities in the PRC, Hong Kong and US. The NOLs will start to expire from 2021 if they are not used. The cumulative net operating loss in the PRC can be carried forward for five years, to offset future net profits for income tax purposes. The cumulative net operating loss Pre-2018 in the U.S. can be carried forward for twenty years. The cumulative net operating loss in Hong Kong can be carried forward without an expiration date.

24

(b) Tax Holiday Effect

For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the PRC CIT rate was 25%. Certain subsidiaries of the Company are entitled to tax exemptions (tax holidays)CIP for the three and nine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018.2019.

The combined effects of income tax expense exemptions and reductions available to the Company for the six months June 30, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

  Six Months Ended 
  June 30, 
  2019  2018 
Tax benefit (holiday) credit $169,810  $38,861 
Basic net income per share effect $0.000  $0.000 

(c) The Tax Cuts and Job Act

On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in its financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in its financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act.

In connection with our initial analysis of the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “TCJA”) Tax Act, we recorded provisional estimates related to the re-measurement of deferred taxes and the Deemed Repatriation Transition Tax in our financial statements for our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. The measurement period ended on December 22, 2018. As of December 22, 2018, we have completed the accounting for the impact of the Tax Act based on the guidance, interpretations, and data available. No adjustments to these provisional estimates have been recorded.

Under TCJA, Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (” GILTI “) tax rules the Company must make an accounting policy election to either (1) recognize taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred (the “period cost method”) or (2) factor such amount into the Company’s measure of its deferred taxes (the “deferred method”). The Company elected to treat the GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred.

NOTE 18 - STOCK OPTIONS

On May 29, 2015, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company approved the grant of stock options to purchase 4,900,000 shares of the Company’s common stock, at an exercise price of $9.72 per share, to the Company’s directors, officers and senior employees. The stock options will vest ratably over three years and expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date. The Company valued the stock options at $39,990,540 and had amortized the stock compensation expense using the straight-line method over the service period from May 29, 2015, through May 29, 2018. The value of the stock options was estimated using the Black Scholes Model with an expected volatility of 90%, an expected life of 10 years, a risk-free interest rate of 2.23% and an expected dividend yield of 0.00%. For six months ended June 30, 2019, there was $0 in stock compensation expenses associated with stock options booked, as all expenses had been amortized as of May 29, 2018.

The following is a summary of the stock option activities of the Company:

  Number of Shares  Weighted Average Exercise Price 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2017  4,233,334  $9.72 
Granted  -   - 
Exercised  -   - 
Cancelled  -   - 
Forfeited  (333,334)  9.72 
Outstanding as of December 31, 2018  3,900,000  $9.72 
Granted  -   - 
Exercised  -   - 
Cancelled  -   - 
Forfeited  -   9.72 
Outstanding as of June 30, 2019  3,900,000  $9.72 

The fair value of each of the 4,900,000 options issued to the employees and directors on May 29, 2015 is $8.1613 per share.

25

NOTE 19 - STOCK AWARD

In connection with the appointment of Mr. Henry Yu as a member of the Board of Directors (the “Board”), the Board authorized the Company to provide Mr. Henry Yu with 5,000 shares of Company’s restricted common stock every six months as compensation, beginning in July 2011.

As compensation for Mr. Jerry Lewin’s services as a member of the Board, the Board authorized the Company to provide Mr. Jerry Lewin with 5,000 shares of Company’s restricted common stock every six months, beginning in August 2011.

As compensation for Ms. Kewa Luo’s services as the Company’s investor relation officer, the Board authorized the Company to provide Ms. Kewa Luo with 5,000 shares of the Company’s common stock every six months, beginning in September 2013.

In November 2016, the Company entered into a three-year employment agreement with Mr. Mei Bing, to hire him as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer. Under the agreement, Mr. Mei Bing was entitled to receive an aggregate 10,000 shares of common stock each year, vested in four equal quarterly installments of 2,500 shares. On January 29, 2019, Mr. Mei resigned from his position as the Company’s CFO.

On January 29, 2019, the board appointed Ms. Zhu Xiaoying as interim Chief Financial Officer. Ms. Zhu was entitled to receive 10,000 shares of the common stock annually under the Company’s 2008 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan as a year-end equity bonus.

The fair value of stock awards based on service is determined based on the closing price of the common stock on the date the shares are approved by the Board for grant. The compensation costs for awards of common stock are recognized over the requisite service period of three or six months.

On December 30, 2013, the Board approved a proposal (as submitted by the Compensation Committee) of an award (the “Board’s Pre-Approved Award Grant Sub-Plan under the 2008 Plan”) for certain executives and other key employees. The fair value of each award granted under the 2008 Plan is determined based on the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant of such award. On September 26, 2016, the Board approved to terminate the previous Board’s Pre-Approved Award Grant Sub-Plan under the 2008 Plan and adopted a new plan to grant the total number of shares of common stock of the stock award for selected executives and key employees 250,000 shares of common stock for each fiscal year. On April 18, 2018, the Board authorized the Company to grant 238,600 shares of common stock to certain management members and employees as compensation for their past services under the 2008 Plan. On April 30, 2019, the Board authorized the Company to grant 238,600 shares of common stock to certain management members and employees as compensation for their past services under the 2008 Plan.

For three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $1,282,733 and $1,248,535 of employee stock award expenses for stock compensation and annual incentive award under the 2008 Plan paid to Board members, management and consultants under General and Administrative Expenses, respectively. For six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $1,314,408 and $1,280,210 of employee stock award expenses for stock compensation and annual incentive award under the 2008 Plan paid to Board members, management and consultants under General and Administrative Expenses, respectively.

NOTE 18 - SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM BANK LOANS

Short-term loans are summarized as follows:

  September 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Loans from China Ever-bright Bank      
Interest rate 5.655% per annum, paid off on April 18, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, guaranteed by Mr. Hu Xiaoming and his wife, also guaranteed by company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  -   10,179,745 
Loans from Hangzhou Bank        
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, paid off on October 14, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, also guaranteed by company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  6,838,565   7,096,737 
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, due on December 31, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, also guaranteed by company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  5,605,381   5,816,997 
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, due on July 4, 2020, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle, also guaranteed by company’s subsidiaries. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  4,512,332   4,682,683 
Interest rate 5.66% per annum, paid off on April 24, 2019, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  -   2,763,074 
Loans from Agricultural Bank of China        
Interest rate 5.22% per annum, due on April 18, 2020, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  4,204,036   - 
Interest rate 5.22% per annum, due on April 23, 2020, secured by the assets of Kandi Vehicle. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  5,605,381   - 
Interest rate 5.22% per annum, due on May 3, 2020, secured by the assets of  Kandi Vehicle. Also see Note 14 and Note 16.  4,204,036   - 
  $30,969,731  $30,539,236 

Long-term loans are summarized as follows:

  September 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Loans from Haikou Rural Credit Cooperative      
Interest rate 7% per annum, due on December 12, 2021, guaranteed by Kandi Vehicle and Kandi New Energy.  27,606,502   28,794,136 
  $27,606,502   28,794,136 


The interest expenses of short-term and long-term bank loans for the three months ended September 30, 2019, and 2018 were $435,524 and $426,167, respectively. The interest expenses of short-term and long-term bank loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2019, and 2018 were $1,304,062 and $1,274,399, respectively.

As of September 30, 2019, the aggregate amount of short-term and long-term loans guaranteed by various third parties was $0.

NOTE 19 - NOTES PAYABLE

Notes payable is presented to certain suppliers as a payment against the outstanding trade payable. Notes payable are mainly bank acceptance notes and commercial acceptance notes which are non-interest bearing and generally mature within one year.

As of September 30, 2019, there was $11,463,004 notes payable, among which $11,463,004 was bank acceptance notes. As of December 31, 2018, there was $12,787,619 notes payable, among which $8,767,670 were bank acceptance notes, $2,763,074 were commercial acceptance notes and $1,256,875 were other notes payable. $11,463,004 and $6,440,870 were held as collateral for the notes payable as of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively.

 

NOTE 20 - INTANGIBLE ASSETSTAXES

 

Intangible assets include acquired(a) Corporation Income Tax

Pursuant to the tax laws and regulations of the PRC, the Company’s applicable corporate income tax (“CIT”) rate is 25%. However, Kandi Vehicles and Jinhua Ankao qualify as High and New Technology Enterprise (“HNTE”) companies in the PRC, and are entitled to pay a reduced income tax rate of 15% for the years presented. A HNTE Certificate is valid for three years. An entity may re-apply for an HNTE certificate when the prior certificate expires. Historically, Kandi Vehicles has successfully re-applied for such certificates when the its prior certificates expired. Jinhua Ankao has been qualified as HNTE since 2018. Therefore no records for renewal are available. The applicable CIT rate of each of the Company’s three other intangibles of trade name, customer relationssubsidiaries, Kandi New Energy, Yongkang Scrou and patent recorded at estimated fair values in accordance with purchase accounting guidelines for acquisitions.Kandi Hainan, the Affiliate Company and its subsidiaries is 25%.

 

The following table provides the gross carrying value and accumulated amortizationCompany’s tax provision or benefit from income taxes for each major classinterim periods is determined using an estimate of our intangible assets, other than goodwill:

    June 30,  December 31, 
  Remaining useful life 2019  2018 
Gross carrying amount:        
Trade name 2.5 years $492,235  $492,235 
Customer relations 2.5 years  304,086   304,086 
Patent 6.0-7.67 years  4,631,787   4,624,513 
     5,428,108   5,420,834 
Less : Accumulated amortization          
Trade name   $(363,680) $(338,307)
Customer relations    (224,668)  (208,993)
Patent    (819,397)  (545,407)
     (1,407,745)  (1,092,707)
Intangible assets, net   $4,020,363  $4,328,127 


The aggregate amortization expensesannual effective tax rate, adjusted for those intangible assetsdiscrete items, if any, that continue to be amortized is reflected in amortization of intangible assetsare taken into account in the Consolidated Statementsrelevant period. Each quarter the Company updates its estimate of Incomethe annual effective tax rate, and Comprehensive Incomeif its estimated tax rate changes, the management makes a cumulative adjustment. For 2019, the management estimates that its effective tax rate will be favorably affected by non-taxable income such as the share of income of the Affiliate Company and were $157,967the gain from the change of fair value of contingent liabilities and $167,563certain research and development super-deduction and adversely affected by non-deductible expenses such as part of entertainment expenses. The Company records valuation allowances against the deferred tax assets associated with losses for which we may not realize a related tax benefit. After combining research and development tax credits of 25% on certain qualified research and development expenses, the Company’s effective tax rates for the threenine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, and 2018 respectively. And $317,470were a tax benefit of 13.05% on a reported income before taxes of approximately $0.3 million, and $335,588an effective income tax rate with a tax benefit of 20.70% for the sixsame period of last year on a reported loss before taxes of approximately $1.8 million, respectively.

The quarterly tax provision, and the quarterly estimate of our annual effective tax rate, is subject to significant variation due to several factors, including variability in accurately predicting our pre-tax and taxable income and loss, acquisitions (including integrations) and investments, changes in our stock price, changes in our deferred tax assets and liabilities and their valuation, return to provision true-up, foreign currency gains (losses), changes in regulations and interpretations related to tax, accounting, and other areas. Additionally, our effective tax rate can be more or less volatile based on the amount of pre-tax income or loss. The income tax provision for the nine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018 was tax benefit of $41,780 and tax benefit of $370,316, respectively.

 


Amortization expensesEffective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted the guidance in ASC 740 relating to uncertain tax positions. The guidance addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under ASC 740, the Company may recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. ASC 740 also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. As of December 31, 2018, the Company did not have any liability for unrecognized tax benefits. The Company files income tax returns with the U.S. Internal Revenue Services (“IRS”) and those states where the Company has operations. The Company is subject to U.S. federal or state income tax examinations by the IRS and relevant state tax authorities for years after 2006. During the periods open to examination, the Company has net operating loss carry forwards (“NOLs”) for U.S. federal and state tax purposes that have attributes from closed periods. Since these NOLs may be utilized in future periods, they remain subject to examination. The Company also files certain tax returns in the PRC. As of September 30, 2019, the Company was not aware of any pending income tax examinations by U.S. or PRC tax authorities. The Company records interest and penalties on uncertain tax provisions as income tax expense. As of September 30, 2019 the Company has no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions.

The aggregate NOLs in 2018 was $28.1 million deriving from entities in the PRCand Hong Kong. The aggregate NOLs in 2017 was $22.7 million deriving from entities in the PRC, Hong Kong and U.S. The NOLs will start to expire from 2021 if they are not used. The cumulative net operating loss in the PRC can be carried forward for five years, to offset future net profits for income tax purposes. The cumulative net operating loss Pre-2018 in the U.S. can be carried forward for twenty years. The cumulative net operating loss in Hong Kong can be carried forward without an expiration date.

(b) Tax Holiday Effect

For the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the PRC CIT rate was 25%. Certain subsidiaries of the Company are entitled to tax exemptions (tax holidays) for the next five yearsnine months ended September 30, 2019 and thereafter2018.

The combined effects of income tax expense exemptions and reductions available to the Company for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

 

2019 (Six Months) $317,470 
2020  634,939 
2021  634,939 
2022  555,579 
2023  552,844 
Thereafter  1,324,592 
Total $4,020,363 
  Nine Months Ended 
  September 30, 
  2019  2018 
Tax benefit (holiday) credit $377,303  $1,345,541 
Basic net income per share effect $0.000  $0.000 

(c) The Tax Cuts and Job Act

On December 22, 2017, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Tax Act. SAB 118 provides a measurement period that should not extend beyond one year from the Tax Act enactment date for companies to complete the accounting under ASC 740. In accordance with SAB 118, a company must reflect the income tax effects of those aspects of the Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company’s accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in its financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in its financial statements, it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before the enactment of the Tax Act.


In connection with our initial analysis of the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the “Tax Act”), the Company recorded provisional estimates related to the re-measurement of deferred taxes and the Deemed Repatriation Transition Tax in our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017. The measurement period ended on December 22, 2018. As of December 22, 2018, we have completed the accounting for the impact of the Tax Act based on the guidance, interpretations, and data available. No adjustments to these provisional estimates have been recorded.

Under the Tax Act, Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) tax rules the Company must make an accounting policy election to either (1) recognize taxes due on future U.S. inclusions in taxable income related to GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred (the “period cost method”) or (2) factor such amount into the Company’s measure of its deferred taxes (the “deferred method”). The Company elected to treat the GILTI as a current-period expense when incurred.

NOTE 21 – LEASES

The Company has corporate office leases for SC Autosports, with a term of 37 months from January 31, 2017 to January 31, 2020. The monthly lease payment is $11,000. The Company adopted ASC 842 to record operating lease assets and operating lease liabilities as of January 1, 2019, with a remaining lease term of 13 months and discount rate of 4.75%.

As of September 30, 2019, the Company’s right - of - use asset was $ 42,974 and lease liability was $44,121. For three months and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company’s lease expense was $33,000 and $99,000, respectively.

Maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2019 were as follow:

Maturity of Lease Liabilities:   
2019 (Three Months) $32,611 
2020  11,510 
Total $44,121 


NOTE 22 – CONTINGENT CONSIDERATION LIABILITY

On January 3, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity of Jinhua An Kao. The Company paid approximately RMB 25.93 million (approximately $4 million) at the closing of the transaction using cash on hand and issued a total of 2,959,837 shares of restrictive stock or 6.2% of the Company’s total outstanding shares of the common stock valued at approximately $20.7 million to the former shareholder of Jinhua An Kao and his designees (the “An Kao Shareholders”), and may be required to pay future consideration up to an additional 2,959,837 shares of common stock, which are being held in escrow, to be released contingent upon the achievement of certain net income-based milestones in next three years. Any escrowed shares that are not released from escrow to the An Kao Shareholders for failure to achieve the milestones will be forfeited and returned to the Company for cancellation. While the escrowed shares are held in escrow, the Company will retain all voting rights with respect to the shares. For the year ended December 31, 2018, Jinhua An Kao achieved its first year net profit target. According to the agreement, the former shareholders of An Kao received 739,959 shares of Kandi’s restrictive common stock or 12.5% of total Kandi stock in the purchase price.

On July 1, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of 100% of the equity of SC Autosports. The Company issued a total of 171,969 shares of restrictive stock or approximately 0.3% of the Company’s total outstanding shares of the common stock valued at approximately $0.8 million at the closing of transaction to the former members of SC Autosports within 30 days from the signing date of the Transfer Agreement, and may be required to pay future consideration up to an additional 1,547,721 shares of common stock, which are being held in escrow, to be released contingent upon the achievement of certain pre-tax profit based milestones in the next three years. Any escrowed shares that are not released from escrow to the SC Autosports former members for failure to achieve the milestones will be forfeited and returned to the Company for cancellation. While the escrowed shares are held in escrow, the Company will retain all voting rights with respect to the shares. For the year ended December 31, 2018, SC Autosports achieved its first year pre-tax profit target. According to the agreement, the former members of SC Autosports received 343,938 shares of Kandi’s restrictive common stock or 20% of total Kandi stock in the purchase price.

The Company recorded contingent consideration liability of the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration the Company currently expects to pay to Jinahua Ankao and SC Autosports’ former members upon the achievement of certain milestones. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability associated with remaining shares of restrictive common stock was estimated by using the Monte Carlo simulation method, which took into account all possible scenarios. This fair value measurement is classified as Level 3 within the fair value hierarchy prescribed by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures. In accordance with ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, the Company will re-measure this liability each reporting period and record changes in the fair value through a separate line item within the Company’s consolidated statements of Income.

As of September 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company’s contingent consideration liability was $6,562,000 and $7,256,000, respectively.

  

NOTE 2123 - STOCK AWARD

In connection with the appointment of Mr. Henry Yu as a member of the Board of Directors (the “Board”), the Board authorized the Company to compensate Mr. Henry Yu with 5,000 shares of Company’s restricted common stock every six months as compensation, beginning in July 2011.

As compensation for Mr. Jerry Lewin’s services as a member of the Board, the Board authorized the Company to compensate Mr. Jerry Lewin with 5,000 shares of Company’s restricted common stock every six months, beginning in August 2011.

As compensation for Ms. Kewa Luo’s services as the Company’s investor relation officer, the Board authorized the Company to compensate Ms. Kewa Luo with 5,000 shares of the Company’s common stock every six months, beginning in September 2013.

In November 2016, the Company entered into a three-year employment agreement with Mr. Mei Bing, to hire him as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer. Under the agreement, Mr. Mei Bing was entitled to receive an aggregate 10,000 shares of common stock each year, vested in four equal quarterly installments of 2,500 shares. On January 29, 2019, Mr. Mei resigned from his position as the Company’s CFO.


On January 29, 2019, the Board appointed Ms. Zhu Xiaoying as interim Chief Financial Officer. Ms. Zhu was entitled to receive 10,000 shares of the common stock annually under the Company’s 2008 Omnibus Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2008 Plan”) as a year-end equity bonus.

The fair value of stock awards based on service is determined based on the closing price of the common stock on the date the shares are approved by the Board for grant. The compensation costs for awards of common stock are recognized over the requisite service period of three or six months.

On December 30, 2013, the Board approved a proposal (as submitted by the Compensation Committee) of an award (the “Board’s Pre-Approved Award Grant Sub-Plan under the 2008 Plan”) for certain executives and other key employees. The fair value of each award granted under the 2008 Plan is determined based on the closing price of the Company’s stock on the date of grant of such award. On September 26, 2016, the Board approved to terminate the previous Board’s Pre-Approved Award Grant Sub-Plan under the 2008 Plan and adopted a new plan to grant the total number of shares of common stock of the stock award for selected executives and key employees 250,000 shares of common stock for each fiscal year. On April 18, 2018, the Board authorized the Company to grant 238,600 shares of common stock to certain management members and employees as compensation for their past services under the 2008 Plan. On April 30, 2019, the Board authorized the Company to grant 238,600 shares of common stock to certain management members and employees as compensation for their past services under the 2008 Plan.

For three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $22,925 and $31,675 of employee stock award expenses for stock compensation and annual incentive award under the 2008 Plan paid to Board members, management and consultants under General and Administrative Expenses, respectively. For nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized $1,337,333 and $1,311,885 of employee stock award expenses for stock compensation and annual incentive award under the 2008 Plan paid to Board members, management and consultants under General and Administrative Expenses, respectively.

NOTE 24 - SUMMARIZED INFORMATION OF EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENT IN THE JVAFFILIATE COMPANY

 

The Company’s condensed consolidated net income (loss) includes the Company’s proportionate share of the net income or loss of the Company’s equity method investees. When the Company records its proportionate share of net income (loss) in such investees, it increases equity income (loss) – net in the Company’s consolidated statements of income and the Company’s carrying value in that investment. Conversely, when the Company records its proportionate share of a net loss in such investees, it decreases equity income (loss) – net in the Company’s consolidated statements of income (loss) and the Company’s carrying value in that investment. All intra-entity profits and losses with the Company’s equity method investees have been eliminated.

 

On March 21, 2019, Kandi Vehicle signed an Equity Transfer Agreement with Geely Technologies Group Co., Ltd. to transfer certain equity interests in the JVAffiliate Company to Geely. Pursuant to the Transfer Agreement, the JVAffiliate Company converted a loan of RMB 314 million (approximately $46.7 million) from Geely Group last year to equity in order to increase its cash flow. As a result, the registered capital of the JVAffiliate Company became RMB 2.442.40 billion (approximately $363.2$336.3 million), of which Kandi Vehicles owned 43.47% and Geely owned 56.53%, respectively, upon the conversion of the loan into equity in the JVAffiliate Company (the “March JVAffiliate Loan to Equity Conversion”). Kandi Vehicles further agree to sell 21.47% of its equity interests in the JVAffiliate Company to Geely for a total amount of RMB 516 million (approximately $76.9$72.3 million) (the “JV“Affiliate Equity Transfer”). Kandi Vehicles shall own 22% of the equity interests of the JVAffiliate Company as a result of the transfer. As of JuneSeptember 29, 2019, the Company has received payments in cash totaling RMB 220 million (approximately $30.9 million) and certain commercial acceptance notes of RMB 296 million (approximately $41.6 million) from Geely, of which RMB 140 million (approximately $19.7 million) shall mature on January 20, 2020 and the remaining RMB 156 million (approximately $21.9 million) shall mature on March 29, 2020. As of September 30, 2019, the equity transfer has not been completed yet.completed. Therefore, in the first halfthird quarter of 2019, the Company has not recognized the gain from equity sale.sale of $20,574,217.

 


As of June 30, 2019, the JV Company consolidated its interests in the following entities on its financial statements: (1) its 100% interest in Kandi Changxing; (2) its 100% interest in Zhejiang Chang Dian and each of its two direct wholly-owned subsidiaries, Chang Dian Tonglu and Jiangsu Gu Xiang; (3) its 100% interest in Kandi Shanghai; (4) its 100% interest in Kandi Jiangsu and each of its four direct wholly-owned subsidiaries, i.e., JiHeKang, JiHeKang Service Company, Liuchuang and KandiJinhua; and (5) 100% interest in each of the directly wholly-owned subsidiaries of JiHeKang, i.e., Tianjin BoHaiWan, Jiangsu JiDian and Guangdong JiHeKang. The Company accounted for its investments in the JVAffiliate Company under the equity method of accounting. Since the March JVAffiliate Loan to Equity Conversion was completed at the very end of the first quarter, the Company still recorded 50% of the JVAffiliate Company’s loss for the first quarter of 2019. Starting from the second quarter of the 2019, since ourthe equity interests in the JVAffiliate Company have been reduced to 43.47%, and the Affiliate Equity Transfer was completed at the very end of the third quarter, the Company recorded 43.47% of the JVAffiliate Company’s loss for the second and third quarter of 2019. As a result, the Company’s consolidated net income for three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, included equity income from the JV Company during such periods.

 

The combinedconsolidated results of operations and financial position of the JVAffiliate Company are summarized below:

 

 Three Months ended  Three Months ended 
 June 30,  September 30, 
 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Condensed income statement information:          
Net sales $2,828,732  $19,640,026  $520,275  $19,880,543 
Gross loss  (2,606,809)  (4,685,789)  (377,700)  3,133,283 
Gross margin  -92.2%  -23.9%  -72.6%  15.8%
Net (loss) income  (10,359,258)  4,751,137 
% of net sales  -366.2%  24.2%
Company’s share in net (loss) income of JV based on 43.47% ownership for three months ended June 30, 2019 and 50% ownership for three months ended June 30, 2018 $(4,503,088) $2,375,569 
Net(loss) income  (19,435,546)  (5,860,746)

 


 Six Months ended  Nine Months ended 
 June 30,  September 30, 
 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Condensed income statement information:          
Net sales $4,085,605  $53,412,231  $4,605,880  $73,292,774 
Gross (loss) profits  (2,628,351)  874,613   (3,006,051)  4,007,896 
Gross margin  -64.3%  1.6%  -65.3%  5.5%
Net (loss) income  (30,550,572)  5,772,776   (49,986,119)  (87,969)
% of net sales  -747.8%  10.8%
Company’s share in net (loss) income of JV based on 50% ownership for three months ended March 31, 2019, 43.47% ownership for three months ended June 30, 2019 and 50% ownership for three months ended June 30, 2018 $(14,591,456) $2,886,388 

 

Represents the rounded result of dividing RMB1,045 million (the Company’s ownership interest in the JV Company) by RMB2,404 million (the JV Company’s total equity interest).We used the actual result and kept full decimals when calculating the Company’s share in net (loss) income of the JV Company.

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Condensed balance sheet information:      
Current assets $671,392,499  $751,143,254 
Noncurrent assets  136,017,212   140,736,300 
Total assets $807,409,711  $891,879,554 
Current liabilities  533,287,271   633,711,465 
Equity  274,122,440   258,168,089 
Total liabilities and equity $807,409,711  $891,879,554 

For the six months ended June 30, 2019, and 2018, the JV Company’s revenues were derived primarily from the sales of EV products and EV parts in China. Because the Company has a 43.47% ownership interest in the JV Company as of June 30, 2019 and 50% as ofJune 30, 2018 and accounted for its investments in the JV Company under the equity method of accounting, the Company did not consolidate the JV Company’s financial results, but instead included equity income from the JV Company during such periods.

  September 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
Condensed balance sheet information:      
Current assets $609,002,781  $751,143,254 
Noncurrent assets  65,386,057   140,736,300 
Total assets $674,388,838  $891,879,554 
Current liabilities  429,675,791   633,711,465 
Noncurrent liabilities  -   - 
Equity  244,713,047   258,168,089 
Total liabilities and equity $674,388,838  $891,879,554 

 

Note: The following table illustrates the captions used in the Company’s Income Statements for its equity based investment in the JVAffiliate Company.

 


The Company’s equity method investments in the JVAffiliate Company for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018 are as follows:

 

 Six Months ended  Nine Months ended 
 June 30,  September 30, 
 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Investment in the JV Company, beginning of the period, $128,929,893  $70,681,013 
Investment in JV Company in 2018  -   82,338,100 
Investment in the Affiliate Company, beginning of the period, $128,929,893  $70,681,013 
Investment in Affiliate Company in 2018  -   79,370,859 
Investment decreased in 2019  (72,309,417)    
Gain from equity dilution  4,341,259   -   4,291,974   - 
Company’s share in net (loss) income of JV based on 50% ownership for three months ended March 31, 2019, 43.47% ownership for three months ended June 30, 2019 and 50% ownership for three months ended June 30, 2018  (14,591,456)  2,886,388 
Gain from equity sale  20,574,217   - 
Company’s share in net (loss) income of Affiliate based on 50% ownership for three months ended March 31, 2019, 43.47%(1) ownership for six months ended September 30, 2019 and 50% ownership for three months ended September 30, 2018  (23,025,049)  (43,985)
Intercompany transaction elimination  (14,157)  (177,427)  (12,557)  (484,037)
Year 2018 unrealized profit realized  156,254   458,790   154,480   448,429 
Subtotal  (14,449,359)  3,167,751   (22,883,126)  (79,593)
Exchange difference  323,099   (1,320,538)  (4,766,530)  (3,699,548)
Investment in JV Company, end of the period $119,144,892  $154,866,326 
Investment in Affiliate Company, end of the period $53,837,011  $146,272,731 

 

Represents the rounded result of dividing RMB1,045 million (the Company’s ownership interest in the JV Company) by RMB2,404 million (the JV Company’s total equity interest). We used the actual result and kept full decimals when calculating the Company’s share in net (loss) income of the JV Company.

(1)Represents the rounded result of dividing RMB1,045 million (the Company’s ownership interest in the Affiliate Company) by RMB2,404 million (the Affiliate Company’s total equity interest). We used the actual result and kept full decimals when calculating the Company’s share in net (loss) income of the Affiliate Company.

 


The gain from equity dilution for sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 resulted from the JVAffiliate Company issuing shares to the JVAffiliate Company partner, Greely, in exchange for extinguishment of a loan from Greely, resulting in dilution of equity ownership of the Company from 50% to 43.47%. This dilutive transaction was treated as if the Company sold a proportional share of its investment in the JVAffiliate Company.

 

Sales to the Company’s customers, the JVAffiliate Company and its subsidiaries, for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, were $4,089,534$4,720,159 or 16.9%14.9% of the Company’s total revenue, a decrease of 13.7%79.6% from $4,740,751$23,135,326 of the same quarter last year. Sales to the Company’s customers, the JVAffiliate Company and its subsidiaries, for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, were $5,823,031$10,543,190 or 13.8%14.3% of the Company’s total revenue, a decrease of 20.7%65.4% from $7,344,195$30,479,521 of the same quarter last year. Sales to the JVAffiliate Company and its subsidiaries were primarily of battery packs, body parts, EV drive motors, EV controllers, air conditioning units and other auto parts.

 

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the net current and noncurrent net amount due from the JVAffiliate Company and its subsidiaries, was $61,029,110$25,335,894 and $67,801,735,$67,683,462, respectively. The breakdown is as below:

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
       
Kandi Shanghai $29,152,250  $29,106,464 
Kandi Changxing  203,347   203,028 
Kandi Jiangsu  427,655   614,537 
Liuchuang  341,950   123,210 
Zhejiang Chang Dian  117,984   273,927 
Kandi Electric Vehicles Group  30,785,924   37,480,569 
Consolidated JV $61,029,110  $67,801,735 

As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the current and noncurrent amount due to the JV Company and its subsidiaries, was $83,827 and $118,273, respectively. The breakdown is as below:

  June 30,  December 31, 
  2019  2018 
       
Kandi Jinhua $-  $118,273 
Liuchuang  83,827   - 
Consolidated JV $83,827  $118,273 

 

NOTE 2225 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Guarantees and pledged collateral for bank loans to other parties

 

(1) Guarantees for bank loans

 

 June 30, December 31,  September 30, December 31, 
Guarantee provided to 2019  2018  2019  2018 
Kandi Electric Vehicles Group Co., Ltd.  -   7,271,247         -   7,271,247 
Kandi Electric Vehicles Jiangsu Co., Ltd.  7,282,685   7,271,247   -   7,271,247 
Total $7,282,685  $14,542,494  $-  $14,542,494 

 


On March 15, 2013, the Company entered into a guarantee contract to serve as the guarantor of Nanlong Group Co., Ltd. (“NGCL”) for NGCL’s $2,913,074$2,802,691 (RMB 20 million) loan from Shanghai Pudong Development Bank Jinhua Branch, with a related loan period of March 15, 2013, to March 15, 2016. NGCL is not related to the Company. Under this guarantee contract, the Company agreed to assume joint liability as the loan guarantor. In April 2017, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank filed a lawsuit against NGCL, the Company and ten other parties in Zhejiang Province People’s Court in Yongkang City, alleging NGCL defaulted on a bank loan borrowed from Shanghai Pudong Development Bank for a principal amount of approximately $2.9 million and demanded that the guarantor bear the liability for compensation. On May 27, 2017, a judicial mediation took place in Yongkang City and parties reached a settlement in mediation, in which the plaintiff agreed NGCL would repay the loan principal and interest in installments. So long as NGCL repays the principal and interest according to the agreement, the plaintiff will not ask the Company for recovery. As of June 30, 2019,the date of this report, the Company expects the likelihood of incurring losses in connection with this matter to be remote.

 

On September 29, 2015, the Company entered into a guarantee contract to serve as the guarantor of Zhejiang Shuguang Industrial Co., Ltd. (“ZSICL”) for a bank loan in the amount of $4,223,957$4,063,901 (RMB 29 million) from Ping An Bank, with a related loan period of September 29, 2015, to September 28, 2016. ZSICL is not related to the Company. Under this guarantee contract, the Company agreed to perform all the obligations of ZSICL under the loan contract if ZSICL failed to perform its obligations as set forth therein. In August 2016, Ping An Bank Yiwu Branch (“Ping An Bank”) filed a lawsuit against ZSICL, the Company, and three other parties in Zhejiang Province People’s Court in Yiwu City, alleging ZSICL defaulted on a bank loan it had borrowed from Pin An Bank for a principal amount of RMB 29 million or approximately $4.2 million (the “Principal”), for which the Company was a guarantor along with other three parties. On December 25, 2016, the court ruled that ZSICL should repay Ping An Bank the principal and associated interest remaining on the bank loan within 10 days once the adjudication was effective. Additionally, the court found that the Company and the three other parties, acting as guarantors, have joint liability for this bank loan. On July 31, 2017, the Company and Ping An Bank reached an agreement to settle. According to the agreement, the Company was to pay Ping An Bank RMB 20 million or approximately $3.0 million in four installments before October 31, 2017 to release the Company from its guarantor liability for this default. As of October 31, 2017, the Company has paid all four installments totaling RMB 20 million or approximately $3.0 million to Ping An Bank and thus the Company has been released from its guarantor liability for this default. According to the Company’s agreement with ZSICL, ZSICL agreed to reimburse all the Company’s losses due to ZSICL’s default on the loan principal and interests, of which RMB 11.9 million has been reimbursed to the Company as of the date of this report and the remainder is expected to be reimbursed in installments within next two years. The Company expects the likelihood of incurring losses in connection with this matter to be low.

 

On August 29, 2018, the Company entered into a guarantee contract to serve as the guarantor for the JVAffiliate Company for bank acceptance notes in the aggregate amount of $3,058,728$2,942,825 (RMB 21 million) from Bank of China, with a related period of August 29, 2018 to February 29, 2019, and which were paid off on February 29, 2019. Under this guarantee contract,2019 by the Company agreed to perform all the obligations of the JV Company under the loan contract if the JV Company fails to perform its obligations as set forth therein.Affiliate Company.

 

On August 30, 2018, the Company entered into a guarantee contract to serve as the guarantor for Kandi Jiangsu for bank loans in the aggregate amount of $7,282,685$7,006,726 (RMB 50 million) from China Merchants Bank Nantong branch, with a related loan period of August 31, 2018 to February 28, 2019, and was paid off on February 1, 2019. On February 1, 2019, the loan was renewed with a term of February 1, 2019 to July 31, 2019 and was paid off on July 31, 2019. Under this guarantee contract, the Company agreed to perform all the obligations of the JV Company under the contract if the2019 by Kandi Jiangsu fails to perform its obligations as set forth therein.Jiangsu.

 

On September 3, 2018, the Company entered into a guarantee contract to serve as the guarantor for the JVAffiliate Company for bank acceptance notes in the aggregate amount of $4,223,957$4,063,901 (RMB 29 million) from Bank of China, with a related period of September 3, 2018 to March 3, 2019 and was paid off on March 3, 2019. Under this guarantee contract,2019 by the Company agreed to perform all the obligations of the JV Company under the contract if the JV Company fails to perform its obligations as set forth therein.Affiliate Company.

 


(2) Pledged collateral for bank loans to other parties.

 

As of JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, none of the Company’s land use rights or plants and equipment were pledged as collateral securing bank loans to other parties.

 

Construction commitment

In September 2019, in order to further increase the production capacity, YongkangScrou started building a factory of efficient new energy vehicle drive motors with a space of 6,639.9 square meters on the basis of the original plant. The total contract amount was RMB 6.6 million (approximately $0.9 million). The project is expected to be completed by 2020.

Litigation

 

Beginning in March 2017, putative shareholder class actions were filed against the CompanyKandi and certain of its current and former directors and officers in the United States District Court for the Central District of California and the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The complaints generally alleged violations of the federal securities laws based on the Company’sKandi’s disclosure in March 2017 that its financial statements for the years 2014, 2015 and the first three quarters of 2016 would need to be restated, and seeksought damages on behalf of putative classes of shareholders who purchased or acquired Kandi’s securities prior to March 13, 2017. AllKandi moved to dismiss the remaining cases, areall of which were pending in the New York federal court, and lead plaintiff and lead counsel have been appointed. Kandi has moved to dismiss the remaining cases and that motion remains pending.was granted by an order entered on September 30, 2019, and the time to appeal has run.

 

Beginning in May 2017, purported shareholder derivative actions based on the same underlying events described above were filed against certain current and former directors of the CompanyKandi in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The New York federal court confirmed the voluntary dismissal of these actions in April 2019.

 


In October 2017, a shareholder filed a books and records action against the Company in the Delaware Court of Chancery pursuant to 8 Del. C. Section 220 seeking the production of certain documents generally relating to the same underlying items described above as well as attorney’s fees (the “Section 220 Litigation”). On September 28, 2018, the parties, through their respective counsel, agreed to dismiss the Section 220 Litigation with prejudice and with each party bearing its own attorney’s fees, costs, and expenses, thereby concluding the action. In February 2019, this same shareholder commenced a derivative action against certain current and former directors of the CompanyKandi in the Delaware Court of Chancery. A motion to dismiss this derivative action was filed in May 2019 and remains pending.

 

Separately, in connection with allegations of misconduct identified in pre-suit demands made by putative shareholders of Kandi, Kandi formed a Special Litigation Committee (“SLC”) and retained a Delaware law firm as the independent counsel to the SLC to aid in the SLC’s investigation of, and to ultimately report on, the allegations of misconduct set forth in the pre-suit demands,demands. The investigation remains ongoing.

 

While the Company believes that the claims in these litigations are without merit and will defend itself vigorously, the Company is unable to estimate the possible loss, if any, associated with these litigations. The ultimate outcome of any litigation is uncertain and the outcome of these matters, whether favorable or unfavorable, could have a negative impact on the Company’s financial condition or results of operations due to defense costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. Defending litigation can be costly, and adverse results in the Litigationslitigations could result in substantial monetary judgments. No assurance can be made that litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s future financial position.


NOTE 2326 - SEGMENT REPORTING

 

The Company has one operating segment. The Company’s revenue and long-lived assets are primarily derived from and located in China. The Company does not have manufacturing operations outside of China.

 

The following table sets forth disaggregation of revenue:

 

 Three Months Ended
June 30,
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2019  2018  2019 2018 
 Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue 
Primary geographical markets          
Overseas $5,050,136  $663,178  $5,703,050  $5,849,353 
China  19,096,094   15,696,428   25,985,494   32,146,007 
Total $24,146,230  $16,359,606  $31,688,544  $37,995,360 
                
Major products                
EV parts $18,988,741  $15,509,780  $25,847,506  $32,065,497 
Off-road vehicles  5,157,489   849,826   5,841,038   5,929,863 
Total $24,146,230  $16,359,606  $31,688,544  $37,995,360 
                
Timing of revenue recognition                
Products transferred at a point in time $24,146,230  $16,359,606  $31,688,544  $37,995,360 

 

 Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2019  2018  2019 2018 
 Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue 
Primary geographical markets          
Overseas $10,272,661  $2,488,440  $15,975,711  $8,337,793 
China  31,942,029   22,207,073   57,927,523   54,353,080 
Total $42,214,690  $24,695,513  $73,903,234  $62,690,873 
                
Major products                
EV parts $31,760,181  $21,882,377  $57,607,687  $53,947,874 
Off-road vehicles  10,454,509   2,813,136   16,295,547   8,742,999 
Total $42,214,690  $24,695,513  $73,903,234  $62,690,873 
                
Timing of revenue recognition                
Products transferred at a point in time $42,214,690  $24,695,513  $73,903,234  $62,690,873 

 

Note 24 - SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Considering Kandi Jiangsu would receive the pure electric vehicle manufacturer license, there is no need to use the manufacturer license held by Geely Automobile Shanghai Branch anymore; Considering that the cost of production in Shanghai is higher than that in other regions, the JV Company decided to transfer all of the equity interests of Kandi Shanghai to Zhejiang Yiting Holding Co., Ltd. in accordance with the net asset value of approximately RMB579 million (approximately $84 million). Both parties entered into such equity transfer agreement in early July 2019. The completion of the payment of the equity transfer consideration is expected to occur within one year.

3123

 

 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws that relate to future events or our future financial performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology, such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expect,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “predict,” “intend,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology, although not all forward-looking statements contain such terms.

 

In addition, these forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding implementing our business strategy; development and marketing of our products; our estimates of future revenue and profitability; our expectations regarding future expenses, including research and development, sales and marketing, manufacturing and general and administrative expenses; difficulty or inability to raise additional financing, if needed, on terms acceptable to us; our estimates regarding our capital requirements and our needs for additional financing; attracting and retaining customers and employees; sources of revenue and anticipated revenue; and competition in our market.

 

Forward-looking statements are only predictions. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. All of our forward-looking information is subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results expected. Although it is not possible to identify all factors, these risks and uncertainties include the risk factors and the timing of any of those risk factors described in our Annual Report onthe 2018 Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 and those set forth from time to time in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).SEC. These documents are available on the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering and Analysis Retrieval System at http://www.sec.gov.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

This section should be read together with the SummaryThe preparation of Significant Accounting Policies in the attachedcondensed consolidated financial statements included in this report.

Estimates affecting accounts receivable and inventories

The preparation of our consolidated financial statementsconformity with U.S. GAAP requires managementus to make estimates and assumptions that affect our reportingthe reported amounts of assets and liabilities (andand disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities). These estimates are particularly significant where they affect the reported net realizable value of our accounts receivable and inventories.

Accounts receivable are recognized and carried at net realizable value. An allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded in the period when a loss is probable based on an assessment of specific factors, such as troubled collection, historical experience, accounts aging, ongoing business relations and other factors. Accounts are written off after exhaustive efforts at collection. If accounts receivable are to be provided for, or written off, they will be recognized in the consolidated statement of operations within operating expenses. We had allowances for doubtful accounts of $135,557 and $120,010liabilities, as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, in accordance with our management’s judgment based on their best knowledge.

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted average basis, or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated cost of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Adjustments to reduce the cost of inventory to its net realizable value are made, if required, for estimated excess, obsolescence, or impaired balances. When inventories are sold, their carrying amount is charged to expense in the year in which the revenue is recognized. Write-downs for declines in net realizable value or for losses of inventories are recognized as an expense in the year the impairment or loss occurs. There were $901,110 and $840,701 of decline in net realizable value of inventory as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively, due to our provision for slow moving inventory.


Although we believe that there is little likelihood that actual results will differ materially from our current estimates, if customer demand for our products decreases significantly in the near future, or if the financial condition of our customers deteriorates in the near future, we could realize significant write downs for slow-moving inventories or uncollectible accounts receivable.

Policy affecting recognition of revenue

Our revenue recognition policy plays a key role in our consolidated financial statements.

In determining when and how revenue is recognized from contracts with customers, we perform the following five-step analysis: (i) identification of contract with customer; (ii) determination of performance obligations; (iii) measurement of the transaction price; (iv) allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations; and (v) recognition of revenue when (or as) we satisfy each performance obligation.

We generate revenue through the sale of EV products, EV parts and off-road vehicles. Our revenue recognition policies are the same for our EV products, EV parts and off-road. The revenue is recognized at a point in time once we have determined that the customer has obtained control over the product. Control is typically deemed to have been transferred to the customer when the performance obligation is fulfilled, usually at the time of delivery, at the net sales price (transaction price). Estimates of variable consideration, such as volume discounts and rebates, are determined, reviewed and revised periodically by management. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers. Such taxes are subsequently remitted to governmental authorities. Shipping and handling costs for product shipments occurring prior to the customer obtaining control of the goods are accounted for as fulfillment costs rather than separate performance obligations and recorded as sales and marketing expenses.

Policy affecting options, warrants and convertible notes

Our stock option cost is recorded in accordance with ASC 718 and ASC 505. The fair value of stock options is estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton model. Our expected volatility assumption is based on the historical volatility of our stock. The expected life assumption is primarily based on the expiration date of the option. The risk-free interest rate forfinancial statements, and the expected termreported amounts of revenue and expenses during the option is basedreported period. If these estimates differ significantly from actual results, the impact to the condensed consolidated financial statements may be material. There have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time2018 Form 10-K. Please refer to Part II, Item 7 of grant. Stock option expense recognition is based on awards expected to vest. There were no estimated forfeitures. ASC standards require forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised in subsequent periods, if necessary, if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates.

Our warrant costs are recorded in liabilities and equities, respectively, in accordance with ASC 480, ASC 505 and ASC 815. The fair value ofsuch a warrant, which is classified asreport for a liability, is estimated using the Binomial Tree model and the lattice valuation model. Our expected volatility assumption is based on the historical volatilitydiscussion of our common stock. The expected life assumption is primarily based on the expiration date of the warrant. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the warrant is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of measurement. Our warrants, which are freestanding derivatives classified as liabilities on the balance sheet, are measured at fair value on each reporting date, with decreases in fair value recognized in earnings and increases in fair values recognized in expenses.

The fair value of equity-based warrants, which are not considered derivatives under ASC 815, is estimated using the Black-Scholes -Merton model. Our expected volatility assumption is based on the historical volatility of our common stock. The expected life assumption is primarily based on the expiration date of the warrant. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.

In accordance with ASC 815, the conversion feature of the convertible notes is separated from the debt instrument and accounted for separately as a derivative instrument. On the date the convertible notes are issued, the conversion feature is recorded as a liability at its fair value, and future decreases in fair value are recognized in earnings while increases in fair values are recognized in expenses. We used the Black-Scholes -Merton option-pricing model to obtain the fair value of the conversion feature. The expected volatility assumption is based on the historical volatility of our common stock. The expected life assumption is primarily based on the expiration date of the conversion features. The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the conversion features is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of measurement.

33

Warranty Liability

Most of our non-EV products (“Legacy Products”) are exported out of China to foreign countries that have legal and regulatory requirements with which we are not familiar. The development of warranty policies for our Legacy Products in each of these countries would be virtually impossible and prohibitively expensive. Therefore, we provide price incentives and free parts to our customers and in exchange, our customers establish appropriate warrantycritical accounting policies and assume warranty responsibilities.

Consequently, warranty issues are taken into consideration during price negotiations for our products. Free parts are delivered along with the products, and when products are sold, the related parts are recorded as cost of goods sold. Due to the reliability of our products, we have been able to maintain this warranty policy and we have not had any product liability issues attributed to our products.

The aforementioned warranty procedures are in place with the exception of SC Autosports, our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary. SC Autosports offers warranties for sale for products manufactured by Bennche, LLC (“Bennche”) and Massimo Motor Sports, LLC (“Massimo”), which cover ATVs, UTVs, electric vehicles (EVs), etc. sold in the United States, subject to certain coverage limitations. Based on different products and models, warranties last for a term of twelve (12) months, six (6) months or 90 days, effective from the date of purchase by the original owner. As an authorized dealer, SC Autosports is responsible for making repairs and replacements covered by the warranties at no charge for parts and labor.

For the EV products that we sell in China, we provide a three year or 50,000 kilometer manufacturer warranty. This warranty affects the Company through our participation and investment in the JV Company, which manufactures the EV products.estimates.

 

Results of Operations

 

Overview

 

We are one of the leading manufacturers of EV products (through the JVAffiliate Company), EV parts and off roadoff-road vehicles in China. For the sixthree months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, we recognized total revenue of $42,214,690$31,688,544 as compared to $24,695,513$37,995,360 for the sixthree months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2018, a decrease of $6,306,816, or 16.6%. For the three months ended September 30, 2019, we recorded $5,276,415 of gross profits, a decrease of $965,634 or 15.5% from the same period of 2018. Gross margin for the three months ended September 30, 2019 was 16.7%, an increase compared to 16.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. We recorded a net income of $12,089,441 for the three months ended September 30, 2019, compared to net loss of $6,521,399 in the same period of 2018, primarily attributable to the gain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company and the decreased research and development expense. For the nine months ended September 30, 2019, we recognized total revenue of $73,903,234 as compared to $62,690,873 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of $17,519,177,$11,212,361, or 70.9%, primarily due to the increased revenue of EV parts sales.17.9%. For the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, we recorded $7,338,591$12,615,006 of gross profits, an increase of $3,934,628$2,968,994 or 115.6%30.8% from the same period of 2018, primarily due to the increase of revenue from the sale of EV parts.2018. Gross margin for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 was 17.4%17.1%, an increase compared to 13.8%15.4% for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2018. We recorded a net lossincome of $11,727,630$361,811 for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, compared to net incomeloss of $5,102,520$1,418,879 in the same period of 2018, largely due to the increased share of loss ofrevenue, decreased research and development expense and the JV Company, resultinggain from equity sale in the national subsidy policy adjustment and pending restructuring of the JV Company, as well as the increased operation cost of the Company since Hainan facility has been put into production.Affiliate Company.

 

The current subsidy standard is provided for in the Circular on Further Improving the Subsidy Policies for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles, which was jointly promulgated by the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission in 2019. The current subsidy standard reduces the amount of national subsidies and cancels local subsidies, resulting in a significant reduction in the total subsidy amount as compared to 2018. We believe the new subsidy standard presents both challenges and opportunities to the Company. In the past few years, although the government had a strong support policy for new energy vehicles, the unstable subsidy policy and the unpredictable timing of receiving such subsidies have exerted tremendous pressure on the Company’s cash flow. Currently, in order to adapt to the new subsidy standard, the JVAffiliate Company is making full use of Geely Group’sGeely’s resources and developing new models with goals to be independent of the government’s subsidies and have strong competitiveness at the same time. We planThe new model are expected to place the new modelbe placed to market by the end of this year or at the beginning of 2020. We believe the Company will have greater opportunities for development at that time.

 


Comparison of the Three Months Ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018

 

The following table sets forth the amounts and percentage relationship to revenue of certain items in our condensed consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

  Three Months Ended       
  September 30, 2019  % of Revenue  September 30, 2018  % of Revenue  Change in Amount  Change in % 
                   
REVENUES FROM UNRELATED PARTY, NET $26,968,385   85.1% $14,860,034   39.1%  12,108,351   81.5%
REVENUES FROM THE AFFILIATE COMPANY AND RELATED PARTY, NET  4,720,159   14.9%  23,135,326   60.9%  (18,415,167)  (79.6)%
                         
REVENUES, NET  31,688,544       37,995,360       (6,306,816)  (16.6)%
                         
COST OF GOODS SOLD  (26,412,129)  (83.3)%  (31,753,311)  (83.6)%  5,341,182   (16.8)%
                         
GROSS PROFIT  5,276,415   16.7%  6,242,049   16.4%  (965,634)  (15.5)%
                         
OPERATING EXPENSES:                        
Research and development  (596,187)  (1.9)%  (5,691,649)  (15.0)%  5,095,462   (89.5)%
Selling and marketing  (930,810)  (2.9)%  (898,896)  (2.4)%  (31,914)  3.6%
General and administrative  (3,432,920)  (10.8)%  (2,070,947)  (5.5)%  (1,361,973)  65.8%
Total Operating Expenses  (4,959,917)  (15.7)%  (8,661,492)  (22.8)%  3,701,575   (42.7)%
                         
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS  316,498   1.0%  (2,419,443)  (6.4)%  2,735,941   (113.1)%
                         
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):                        
Interest income  209,736   0.7%  52,745   0.1%  156,991   297.6%
Interest expense  (435,524)  (1.4)%  (483,376)  (1.3)%  47,852   (9.9)%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  57,000   0.2%  (1,552,686)  (4.1)%  1,609,686   (103.7)%
Government grants  502,146   1.6%  607,008   1.6%  (104,862)  (17.3)%
Gain from equity dilution in the Affiliate Company  (49,285)  (0.2)%  -   0.0%  (49,285)  - 
Gain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company  20,574,217   64.9%  -   0.0%  20,574,217   - 
Share of loss after tax of the Affiliate Company  (8,433,767)  (26.6)%  (3,247,343)  (8.5)%  (5,186,424)  159.7%
Other income , net  57,833   0.2%  15,735   0.0%  42,098   267.5%
Total other income (expense), net  12,482,356   39.4%  (4,607,917)  (12.1)%  17,090,273   (370.9)%
                         
INCOME(LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES  12,798,854   40.4%  (7,027,360)  (18.5)%  19,826,214   (282.1)%
                         
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) BENEFIT  (709,413)  (2.2)%  505,961   1.3%  (1,215,374)  (240.2)%
                         
NET INCOME (LOSS)  12,089,441   38.2%  (6,521,399)  (17.2)%  18,610,840   (285.4)%

  Three Months Ended          
  June 30,
2019
  % of
Revenue
  June 30,
2018
  % of
Revenue
  Change in Amount  Change in % 
                   
REVENUES FROM UNRELATED PARTY, NET $20,056,696   83.1% $11,618,855   71.0%  8,437,841   72.6%
REVENUES FROM THE JV COMPANY AND RELATED PARTY, NET  4,089,534   16.9%  4,740,751   29.0%  (651,217)  (13.7)%
                         
REVENUES, NET  24,146,230       16,359,606       7,786,624   47.6%
                         
COST OF GOODS SOLD  (19,944,076)  (82.6)%  (14,301,594)  (87.4)%  (5,642,482)  39.5%
                         
GROSS PROFIT  4,202,154   17.4%  2,058,012   12.6%  2,144,142   104.2%
                         
OPERATING EXPENSES:                        
Research and development  (632,590)  (2.6)%  (642,889)  (3.9)%  10,299   (1.6)%
Selling and marketing  (899,478)  (3.7)%  (228,173)  (1.4)%  (671,305)  294.2%
General and administrative  (5,623,798)  (23.3)%  (3,861,263)  (23.6)%  (1,762,535)  45.6%
Total Operating Expenses  (7,155,866)  (29.6)%  (4,732,325)  (28.9)%  (2,423,541)  51.2%
                         
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS  (2,953,712)  (12.2)%  (2,674,313)  (16.3)%  (279,399)  10.4%
                         
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):                        
Interest income  97,814   0.4%  456,784   2.8%  (358,970)  (78.6)%
Interest expense  (429,355)  (1.8)%  (471,616)  (2.9)%  42,261   (9.0)%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  548,000   2.3%  686,833   4.2%  (138,833)  (20.2)%
Government grants  175,319   0.7%  15,558   0.1%  159,761   1026.9%
Gain from equity dilution in JV  (24,131)  (0.1)%  -   0.0%  (24,131)  - 
Share of (loss) income after tax of the JV Company  (4,500,201)  (18.6)%  2,372,696   14.5%  (6,872,897)  (289.7)%
Other income, net  (174,597)  (0.7)%  627,582   3.8%  (802,179)  (127.8)%
Total other (expense) income, net  (4,307,151)  (17.8)%  3,687,837   22.5%  (7,994,988)  (216.8)%
                         
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES  (7,260,863)  (30.1)%  1,013,524   6.2%  (8,274,387)  (816.4)%
                         
INCOME TAX (EXPENSE) BENEFIT  (57,295)   (0.2)%  361,001   2.2%  (418,296)   (115.9)%
                         
NET (LOSS) INCOME  (7,318,158)  (30.3)%  1,374,525   8.4%  (8,692,683)  (632.4)%


(a) Revenue

 

For the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, our revenue was $24,146,230$31,688,544 compared to $16,359,606$37,995,360 for the same period of 2018, representing an increasea decrease of $7,786,624$6,306,816 or 47.6%16.6%. The increasedecrease in revenue was mainly due to the increasedecrease in both EV parts and off-road vehicles sales during this quarter. The increasedecrease in EV parts sales was primarily due to the increasedAffiliate Company’s temporary declining sales, volume.which was caused by its product adjustments.

 

The following table summarizes our revenues by product types for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

  Three Months Ended
June 30,
 
  2019  2018 
  Sales  Sales 
EV parts $18,988,741  $15,509,780 
Off-road vehicles  5,157,489   849,826 
Total $24,146,230  $16,359,606 

  Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
  2019  2018 
  Sales  Sales 
EV parts $25,847,506  $32,065,497 
Off-road vehicles  5,841,038   5,929,863 
Total $31,688,544  $37,995,360 

 

EV Parts

 

During the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, our revenues from the sales of EV parts were $18,988,741,$25,847,506, representing an increasea decrease of $3,478,961$6,217,991 or 22.4%19.4% from $15,509,780$32,065,497 for the same quarter of 2018.

 

Our revenue for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 primarily consisted of revenue from the sales of battery packs, body parts, EV controllers, air conditioning units and other auto parts for use in the manufacturing of EV products. These sales accounted for 78.6%81.6% of total sales.

 

During the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018, our revenue from the sale of EV parts to the JVAffiliate Company and its subsidiaries accounted for approximately 17%15% and 29%61% of our total net revenue for the quarter, respectively. The EV parts we solddecrease is mainly due to the JV Company were used in manufacturing pure EV productsAffiliate Company’s temporary declining sales, which was caused by the JV Company’s subsidiaries.its product adjustments. In connection with the transfer of the equity interests of the JV Company in the first half of 2019 as described elsewhere in this report, the JV Company is currently restructuring its management team, redesigning its business strategies and production outlines. The JV Company’s production of EV products is currently under adjustment. For the three months ended June 30, 2019,year, the EV parts we provided to the JVAffiliate Company were primarily used for battery upgrade and market maintenance for the EV products that were previously put into the leasing market.

 

Off-Road Vehicles

 

During the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, our revenue from the sales of off-road vehicles, including go karts, all-terrain vehicles (“ATVs”) and others, were $5,157,489,$5,841,038, representing an increasea decrease of $4,307,663$88,825 or 506.9%1.5% from $849,826,$5,929,863, for the same quarter of 2018. The increase in revenue of selling off-road vehicles was largely due to additional sales from SC Autosports, which became our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary in July 2018.

 

Our off-road vehicles business line accounted for approximately 21.4%18.4% of our total net revenue for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.


The following table shows the breakdown of our net revenues:

 

 Three Months Ended
June 30,
  Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2019  2018  2019 2018 
 Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue 
Primary geographical markets             
Overseas $5,050,136  $663,178  $5,703,050  $5,849,353 
China  19,096,094   15,696,428   25,985,494   32,146,007 
Total $24,146,230  $16,359,606  $31,688,544  $37,995,360 
                
Major products                
EV parts $18,988,741  $15,509,780  $25,847,506  $32,065,497 
Off-road vehicles  5,157,489   849,826   5,841,038   5,929,863 
Total $24,146,230  $16,359,606  $31,688,544  $37,995,360 
                
Timing of revenue recognition                
Products transferred at a point in time $24,146,230  $16,359,606  $31,688,544  $37,995,360 

 

(b) Cost of goods sold

 

Cost of goods sold was $19,944,076$26,412,129 during the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, representing an increasea decrease of $5,642,482,$5,341,182, or 39.5%16.8%, compared to $14,301,594$31,753,311 for the same period of 2018. The increasedecrease was primarily due to the corresponding increasedecrease in sales. Please refer to the Gross Profit section below for product margin analysis.

 

(c) Gross profit

 

Our margins by product for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018 are as set forth below:

 

 Three Months Ended June 30,  Three Months Ended September 30, 
 2019  2018  2019 2018 
 Sales  Cost  Gross Profit  Margin %  Sales  Cost  Gross Profit  Margin %  Sales Cost Gross Profit Margin % Sales Cost Gross Profit Margin % 
EV parts $18,988,741   15,826,401   3,162,340   16.7% $15,509,780   13,583,969   1,925,811   12.4% $25,847,506   21,929,420   3,918,086   15.2% $32,065,497   27,268,332   4,797,165   15.0%
Off-road vehicles  5,157,489   4,117,675   1,039,814   20.2%  849,826   717,625   132,201   15.6%  5,841,038   4,482,709   1,358,329   23.3%  5,929,863   4,484,979   1,444,884   24.4%
Total $24,146,230   19,944,076   4,202,154   17.4% $16,359,606   14,301,594   2,058,012   12.6% $31,688,544   26,412,129   5,276,415   16.7% $37,995,360   31,753,311   6,242,049   16.4%

 

Gross profit for the secondthird quarter of 2019 increased 104.2%decreased 15.5% to $4,202,154,$5,276,415, compared to $2,058,012$6,242,049 for the same period last year. This was primarily attributable to the sales increase.decrease. Our gross margin increased to 17.4%16.7% compared to 12.6%16.4% for the same period of 2018. The increase in our gross margin was mainly due to the higher gross margin from off-road vehicle sales of our U.S. subsidiary, SC Autosports, which was able to effectively procure inventory at discounted prices. The increased selling price of Jinhua Ankao’sthe charging and exchanging equipment and the increased proportion of Jinhua Ankao’sthe high-margin battery processing business this year also contributes to the increase of our gross margin.year.

 

(d) Research and development

 

Research and development expenses, including materials, labor, equipment depreciation, design, testing, inspection, and other related expenses, totaled $632,590$596,187 for the secondthird quarter of 2019, a decrease of $10,299$5,095,462 or 1.6%89.5% compared to $642,889$5,691,649 for the same period of last year. The decrease was mainly due to the R&D expense related to the development of EV Model K23 at Hainan facility in the third quarter of last year. Such R&D work has been completed in year 2018.

 

(e) Sales and marketing

 

Selling and distribution expenses were $899,478$930,810 for the secondthird quarter of 2019, compared to $228,173$898,896 for the same period last year, representing an increase of $671,305$31,914 or 294.2%3.6%. The increase was primarily attributable to the inclusion of the sales and marketing expenses fromincreased freight expense incurred by SC Autosports, which became our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary in July 2018.Autosports.


(f) General and administrative expenses

 

General and administrative expenses were $5,623,798$3,432,920 for the secondthird quarter of 2019, compared to $3,861,263$2,070,947 for the same period of last year, representing an increase of $1,762,535$1,361,973 or 45.6%65.8%. For the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, general and administrative expenses included $1,282,733$22,925 as expenses for common stock awards and stock options to employees and Board members, compared to $1,837,965$31,675 of common stock awards and stock options expenses for the same period in 2018. ExcludingBesides stock compensation expense, our net general and administrative expenses for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 were $4,341,065,$3,409,995, representing an increase of $2,317,767,$1,370,723, from $2,023,298$2,039,272 for the same period of 2018, which was largely due to the increased operation cost of the Company since Hainan facility has been put into operation.

 

(g) Interest income

 

Interest income was $97,814$209,736 for the secondthird quarter of 2019, representing a decreasean increase of $358,970$156,991 or 78.6%297.6% compared to $456,784$52,745 for the same period of last year. The decreaseincrease was primarily attributable to decreasedincreased interest earned on loans to the JV Company since Kandi Vehicles’ loan to JV converted to equity in the second quarter of 2018.a third party.

 

(h) Interest expenses

 

Interest expenses were $429,355$435,524 in the secondthird quarter of 2019, representing a decrease of $42,261$47,852 or 9.0%9.9% compared to $471,616$483,376 for the same period of last year. The decrease was primarily due to lessdecreased interest expenses incurred associated with the note payable to a third party.party, as well as decreased discounts associated with the settlement of bank acceptance notes. Of the interest expenses, $0 and $0$24,930 were discounts associated with the settlement of bank acceptance notes for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

 

(i) Change in fair value of contingent consideration

 

For the secondthird quarter of 2019, the gain related to changes in the fair value of contingent consideration was $548,000, a decrease$57,000, an increase of $138,833$1,609,686 or 20.2%103.7% compared to gainloss related to changes in the fair value of contingent consideration of $686,833$1,552,686 for the same period of last year, which was mainly due to the decrease in fair value of contingent consideration liability between December 31, 2018 and JuneSeptember 30, 2019 while there was less than the decreasean increase in the same period of last year.

 

(j) Government grants

 

Government grants were $175,319$502,146 for the secondthird quarter of 2019, compared to $15,558$607,008 for the same quarter last year, representing an increasea decrease of $159,761,$104,862, or 1026.9%17.3%, which was largely attributable to the grantsfact that Kandi Vehicles received from the local government as a resultsubsidies of its implementationland use tax in the third quarter of a new policy withlast year while the purposesame kind of supporting companies that have no or less layoffsubsidies were received in the second quarter of their employees.2019, instead of in the third quarter.

 

(k) Gain from equity dilution in JVthe Affiliate Company

 

Gain from equity dilution was a negative $24,131$49,285 for the secondthird quarter of 2019, which was due to exchange rate difference. There was no equity dilution in the secondthird quarter of 2019.

 

(l) Gain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company

Gain from equity sale was $20,574,217 for the third quarter of 2019, which was due to the Affiliate Equity Transfer. In March 2019, Kandi Vehicles agreed to sell 21.47% of its equity interests in the Affiliate Company to Geely for a total amount of RMB 516 million (approximately $72.3 million). As of September 30, 2019, the equity transfer had been completed. Therefore, in the third quarter of 2019, the Company recognized the gain from equity sale.

(m) Share of income (loss) after tax of the JVAffiliate Company

 

For the secondthird quarter of 2019, the JV Company’s net sales revenue was $2,828,732, gross loss was $2,606,809, and net loss was $10,359,258. We accounted for our investments in the JV Company under the equity method of accounting. Because the March JV Loan to Equity Conversion was completed at the end of the first quarter and the JV Equity Transfer has not been completed as of June 30, 2019, we recorded 43.47% of the JV Company’s loss of $4,503,088 for the second quarter of 2019. After eliminating intra-entity profits and losses, our share of loss of the JVAffiliate Company was $4,500,201$8,433,767 as compared to share of loss of $3,247,343 for the second quartersame period of 2019.last year. The losses incurred by the JVAffiliate Company waswere largely attributable to the fact that there were almost no EV products sold in the first half of 2019 due to the adjustment of the national subsidy policy and the pending restructuring of the JV Company, as well as an increase in R&D expenses compared with same period of last year.Affiliate Company’s temporary declining sales, which was caused by its product adjustments.

 


(m)(n) Other income (loss), net

 

Net other lossincome was $174,597$57,833 for the secondthird quarter of 2018,2019, representing a decreasean increase of $802,179$42,098 or 127.8%267.5% compared to net other income of $627,582$15,735 for the same period of last year, which was largely due to the disposal of certain obsolete productswaste materials during the secondthird quarter.


(n)

(o) Income Taxes

 

In accordance with the relevant Chinese tax laws and regulations, our applicable corporate income tax rate is 25%. However, Kandi Vehicle and Jinhua An Kao are qualified as high technology companies in China and are therefore entitled to a reduced corporate income tax rate of 15%.

 

Each of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Kandi New Energy, Yongkang Scrou and Kandi Hainan, has an applicable corporate income tax rate of 25%.

 

We have a 43.47%22% ownership interest in the JVAffiliate Company, which has an applicable corporate income tax rate of 25%. Each of the JVAffiliate Company’s subsidiaries has an applicable corporate income tax rate of 25% as well..

 

Our actual effective income tax rate for the secondthird quarter of 2019 was a taxexpense of 0.79%5.54% on a reported income before taxes of approximately $12.8 million, compared to a tax benefit of 7.20% on a reported loss before taxes of approximately $7.3 million, compared to a tax benefit of 35.62% on a reported income before taxes of approximately $1.0$7.0 million for the same period of last year.

 

(o)(p) Net income (loss)

 

Net lossincome was $7,318,158$12,089,441 for the secondthird quarter of 2019, representing a decreasean increase of $8,692,683$18,610,840 compared to net income $1,374,525loss $6,521,399 for the same period of last year. The decreaseincrease was primarily attributable to the increased share of loss ofgain from equity sale in the JVAffiliate Company compared to the same period of last year, a result of adjustment of the national subsidy policy and the pending restructuring of the JV Company, as well as the increased operation cost of the Company since Hainan facility has been put into production.decreased research and development expense.

 

Excluding (i) the effects of stock compensation expenses, which were $1,282,733$22,925 and $1,837,965$31,675 for the secondthird quarter of 2019 and 2018, respectively, and (ii) the change in fair value of contingent consideration which was a gain of $548,000$57,000 and $686,833a loss of $1,552,686 for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, our non-GAAP net lossincome was $6,583,425$12,055,366 for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 as compared to non-GAAP net income $2,525,657loss $4,937,038 for the same period of 2018, a decreasean increase of $9,109,082,$16,992,404, or 360.7%344.2%. The decreaseincrease in net income (non-GAAP) was primarily attributable to increased share of loss of the JVgain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company compared to the same period of last year, a result of the adjustment of the national subsidy policy and the pending restructuring of the JV Company, as well as the increased operation cost of the Company since Hainan facility has been put into production.decreased research and development expense.

 

We make reference to certain non-GAAP financial measures, i.e., adjusted net income. Management believes that such adjusted financial results are useful for investors in evaluating our operating performance because they present a meaningful measure of corporate performance. See the non-GAAP reconciliation table below. Any non-GAAP measures should not be considered as a substitute for, and should only be read in conjunction with, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP.

 

The following table summarizes our non-GAAP net income for the three months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

  Three Months Ended 
  June 30, 
  2019  2018 
GAAP net (loss) income $(7,318,158) $1,374,525 
Stock compensation expenses  1,282,733   1,837,965 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  (548,000)  (686,833)
Non-GAAP net (loss) income $(6,583,425) $2,525,657 

  Three Months Ended 
  September 30, 
  2019  2018 
GAAP net income (loss) $12,089,441  $(6,521,399)
Stock compensation expenses  22,925   31,675 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  (57,000)  1,552,686 
Non-GAAP net income (loss) $12,055,366  $(4,937,038)

 

39


Comparison of the SixNine Months Ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018

 

The following table sets forth the amounts and percentage relationship to revenue of certain items in our condensed consolidated statements of income (loss) and comprehensive income (loss) for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018.

 

  Six Months Ended       
  June 30,
2019
  % of Revenue  June 30,
2018
  % of Revenue  Change in Amount  Change in % 
                   
REVENUES FROM UNRELATED PARTY, NET $36,391,659   86.2% $17,351,318   70.3%  19,040,341   109.7%
REVENUES FROM THE JV COMPANY AND RELATED PARTY, NET  5,823,031   13.8%  7,344,195   29.7%  (1,521,164)  (20.7)%
                         
REVENUES, NET  42,214,690   100.0%  24,695,513   100.0%  17,519,177   70.9%
                         
COST OF GOODS SOLD  (34,876,099)  (82.6)%  (21,291,550)  (86.2)%  (13,584,549)  63.8%
                         
GROSS PROFIT  7,338,591   17.4%  3,403,963   13.8%  3,934,628   115.6%
                         
OPERATING EXPENSES:                        
Research and development  (1,170,023)  (2.8)%  (1,400,187)  (5.7)%  230,164   (16.4)%
Selling and marketing  (1,517,481)  (3.6)%  (976,398)  (4.0)%  (541,083)  55.4%
General and administrative  (7,663,326)  (18.2)%  (3,463,092)  (14.0)%  (4,200,234)  121.3%
Total Operating Expenses  (10,350,830)  (24.5)%  (5,839,677)  (23.6)%  (4,511,153)  77.3%
                         
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS  (3,012,239)  (7.1)%  (2,435,714)  (9.9)%  (576,525)  23.7%
                         
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):                        
Interest income  350,218   0.8%  1,399,777   5.7%  (1,049,559)  (75.0)%
Interest expense  (868,538)  (2.1)%  (1,022,033)  (4.1)%  153,495   (15.0)%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  637,000   1.5%  3,367,012   13.6%  (2,730,012)  (81.1)%
Government grants  223,043   0.5%  110,813   0.4%  112,230   101.3%
Gain from equity dilution in JV  4,341,259   10.3%  -   0.0%  4,341,259   - 
Share of (loss) income after tax of the JV Company  (14,449,359)  (34.2)%  3,167,751   12.8%  (17,617,110)  (556.1)%
Other income, net  299,793   0.7%  650,559   2.6%  (350,766)  (53.9)%
Total other (expense) income, net  (9,466,584)  (22.4)%  7,673,879   31.1%  (17,140,463)  (223.4)%
                         
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES  (12,478,823)  (29.6)%  5,238,165   21.2%  (17,716,988)  (338.2)%
                         
INCOME TAX BENEFIT (EXPENSE)  751,193   1.8%  (135,645)  (0.5)%  886,838   (653.8)%
                         
NET (LOSS) INCOME  (11,727,630)  (27.8)%  5,102,520   20.7%  (16,830,150)  (329.8)%

  Nine Months Ended       
  September 30, 2019  % of Revenue  September 30, 2018  % of Revenue  Change in Amount  Change in % 
                   
REVENUES FROM UNRELATED PARTY, NET $63,360,044   85.7% $32,211,352   51.4%  31,148,692   96.7%
REVENUES FROM THE AFFILIATE COMPANY AND RELATED PARTY, NET  10,543,190   14.3%  30,479,521   48.6%  (19,936,331)  (65.4)%
                         
REVENUES, NET  73,903,234   100.0%  62,690,873   100.0%  11,212,361   17.9%
                         
COST OF GOODS SOLD  (61,288,228)  (82.9)%  (53,044,861)  (84.6)%  (8,243,367)  15.5%
                         
GROSS PROFIT  12,615,006   17.1%  9,646,012   15.4%  2,968,994   30.8%
                         
OPERATING EXPENSES:                        
Research and development  (1,766,210)  (2.4)%  (7,091,836)  (11.3)%  5,325,626   (75.1)%
Selling and marketing  (2,448,291)  (3.3)%  (1,875,294)  (3.0)%  (572,997)  30.6%
General and administrative  (11,096,246)  (15.0)%  (5,534,039)  (8.8)%  (5,562,207)  100.5%
Total Operating Expenses  (15,310,747)  (20.7)%  (14,501,169)  (23.1)%  (809,578)  5.6%
                         
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS  (2,695,741)  (3.6)%  (4,855,157)  (7.7)%  2,159,416   (44.5)%
                         
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):                        
Interest income  559,954   0.8%  1,452,522   2.3%  (892,568)  (61.4)%
Interest expense  (1,304,062)  (1.8)%  (1,505,409)  (2.4)%  201,347   (13.4)%
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  694,000   0.9%  1,814,326   2.9%  (1,120,326)  (61.7)%
Government grants  725,189   1.0%  717,821   1.1%  7,368   1.0%
Gain from equity dilution in the Affiliate Company  4,291,974   5.8%  -   0.0%  4,291,974   - 
Gain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company  20,574,217   27.8%  -   0.0%  20,574,217   - 
Share of loss after tax of the Affiliate Company  (22,883,126)  (31.0)%  (79,592)  (0.1)%  (22,803,534)  28650.5%
Other income , net  357,626   0.5%  666,294   1.1%  (308,668)  (46.3)%
Total other income, net  3,015,772   4.1%  3,065,962   4.9%  (50,190)  (1.6)%
                         
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES  320,031   0.4%  (1,789,195)  (2.9)%  2,109,226   (117.9)%
                         
INCOME TAX BENEFIT  41,780   0.1%  370,316   0.6%  (328,536)  (88.7)%
                         
NET INCOME (LOSS)  361,811   0.5%  (1,418,879)  (2.3)%  1,780,690   (125.5)%

 

4030

 

 

(a) Revenue

 

For the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, our revenue was $42,214,690$73,903,234 compared to $24,695,513$62,690,873 for the same period of 2018, representing an increase of $17,519,177$11,212,361 or 70.9%17.9%. The increase in revenue was due to the increase in both EV parts and off-road vehicles sales during this quarter. The increase in EV parts sales was primarily due to the increased sales volume of battery packs.

 

The following table summarizes our revenues by product types for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

 Six Months Ended
June 30
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2019 2018  2019 2018 
 Sales Sales  Sales Sales 
EV parts $31,760,181  $21,882,377  $57,607,687  $53,947,874 
Off-road vehicles  10,454,509   2,813,136   16,295,547   8,742,999 
Total $42,214,690  $24,695,513  $73,903,234  $62,690,873 

 

EV Parts

 

During the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, our revenue from the sale of EV parts was $31,760,181,$57,607,687, representing an increase of $ 9,877,804$3,659,813 or 45.1%6.8% from $21,882,377$53,947,874 for the same quarterperiod of 2018.

 

Our revenue for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2018 primarily consisted of revenue from the sales of battery packs, body parts, EV controllers, air conditioning units and other auto parts for use in the manufacturing of EV products. These sales accounted for 75.2%78.0% of the total sales.

 

During the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018, our revenue from the sale of EV parts to the JVAffiliate Company and its subsidiaries accounted for approximately 14% and 30%49% of our total net revenue for the period, respectively. The EV parts we solddecrease largely attributable to the JV Company were used in manufacturing pure EV productsAffiliate Company’s temporary declining sales, which was caused by the JV Company’s subsidiaries.its product adjustments. In connection with the transfer of the equity interests of the JV Company in the first half of 2019 as described elsewhere in this report, the JV Company is currently restructuring its management team, redesigning its business strategies and production outlines. The JV Company’s production of EV products is currently under adjustment. For the six months ended June 30, 2019,year, the EV parts we provided to the JVAffiliate Company were primarily used for battery upgrade and market maintenance for the EV products that were previously put into the leasing market.

 

Off-Road Vehicles

 

During the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, our revenue from the sales of off-road vehicles, including go karts, all-terrain vehicles (“ATVs”) and others, were $10,454,509,$16,295,547, representing an increase of $ 7,641,373$7,552,548 or 271.6%86.4% from $2,813,136$8,742,999 for the same quarter of 2018. The increase in revenue of the off-road vehicles was largely due to the additional sales from SC Autosports, which became our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary in July 2018.

 

Our off-road vehicles business line accounted for approximately 24.8%22.0% of our total net revenue for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019.

 


The following table shows the breakdown of our net revenues:

 

 Six Months Ended
June 30,
  Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
 2019  2018  2019 2018 
 Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue  Sales Revenue 
Primary geographical markets             
Overseas $10,272,661  $2,488,440  $15,975,711  $8,337,793 
China  31,942,029   22,207,073   57,927,523   54,353,080 
Total $42,214,690  $24,695,513  $73,903,234  $62,690,873 
                
Major products                
EV parts $31,760,181  $21,882,377  $57,607,687  $53,947,874 
Off-road vehicles  10,454,509   2,813,136   16,295,547   8,742,999 
Total $42,214,690  $24,695,513  $73,903,234  $62,690,873 
                
Timing of revenue recognition                
Products transferred at a point in time $42,214,690  $24,695,513  $73,903,234  $62,690,873 

 


(b) Cost of goods sold

 

Cost of goods sold was $34,876,099$61,288,228 during the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, representing an increase of $13,584,549,$8,243,367, or 63.8%15.5%, compared to $21,291,550$53,044,861 for the same period of 2018. The increase was primarily due to the corresponding increase in sales. Please refer to the below Gross Profit section for product margin analysis.

 

(c) Gross profit

 

Our margins by product for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018 are as set forth below:

 

 Six Months Ended June 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30, 
 2019  2018  2019 2018 
 Sales Cost Gross Profit Margin % Sales Cost Gross Profit Margin %  Sales Cost Gross Profit Margin % Sales Cost Gross Profit Margin % 
EV parts $31,760,181   26,635,967   5,124,214   16.1% $21,882,377   18,824,760   3,057,617   14.0% $57,607,687   48,565,387   9,042,300   15.7% $53,947,874   46,093,092   7,854,782   14.6%
Off-road vehicles  10,454,509   8,240,132   2,214,377   21.2%  2,813,136   2,466,790   346,346   12.3%  16,295,547   12,722,841   3,572,706   21.9%  8,742,999   6,951,769   1,791,230   20.5%
Total $42,214,690   34,876,099   7,338,591   17.4% $24,695,513   21,291,550   3,403,963   13.8% $73,903,234   61,288,228   12,615,006   17.1% $62,690,873   53,044,861   9,646,012   15.4%

 

Gross profit for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 increased 115.6%30.8% to $7,338,591,$12,615,006, compared to $3,403,963$9,646,012 for the same period last year. This was primarily attributable to the sales increase. Our gross margin increased to 17.4%17.1% compared to 13.8%15.4% for the same period of 2018. The increase in our gross margin was mainly due to increased selling price of the charging and exchanging equipment and the increased proportion of the high-margin battery processing business this year. The higher gross margin from the off-road vehicle sales of SC Autosports, which became our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary which was ablein July 2018, also contribute to effectively procure its inventory at discounted prices.the increased gross margin.

 


(d) Research and development

 

Research and development expenses, including materials, labor, equipment depreciation, design, testing, inspection, and other related expenses totaled $1,170,023$1,766,210 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019, representing a decrease of $230,164$5,325,626 or 16.4%75.1% compared to $1,400,187$7,091,836 for the same period of last year. The decrease was primarily due to decreased material procurementthe R&D expense related to the development of research and development fromEV Model K23 at Hainan facility in the same periodthird quarter of last year. Such R&D work has been completed in year 2018.

 

(e) Sales and marketing

 

Selling and distribution expenses were $1,517,481$2,448,291 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019, compared to $976,398$1,875,294 for the same period last year, representing an increase of $541,083$572,997 or 55.4%30.6%. The increase was primarily attributable to inclusion of the sales and marketing expenses from SC Autosports, which became our wholly-owned U.S. subsidiary in July 2018.

 

(f) General and administrative expenses

 

General and administrative expenses were $7,663,326$11,096,246 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019, compared to $3,463,092$5,534,039 for the same period of last year, representing an increase of expenses of $4,200,234$5,562,207 or 121.3%100.5%. For the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019, general and administrative expenses included $1,314,408$1,337,333 as expenses for common stock awards and stock options to employees and Board members, compared to $222,259$253,934 for the same period of 2018, representing the result of $2,867,136$2,898,811 as expenses for common stock awards and stock options to employees and Board members net of $2,644,877 of reversal of previously accrued stock option expenses for forfeited stock option for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2018. Excluding stock compensation expenses, our net general and administrative expenses for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 were $6,348,918,$9,758,913, representing an increase of $3,108,085,$4,478,808, or 95.9%84.8%, from $3,240,833$5,280,105 for the same period of 2018, which was largely due to the increased operation costs of the Company since Hainan facility has been put into production.

 

(g) Interest income

 

Interest income was $350,218$559,954 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019, representing a decrease of $1,049,559$892,568 or 75.0%61.4% compared to $1,399,777$1,452,522 for the same period of last year. The decrease was primarily attributable to the decreased interest earned on loans to the JVAffiliate Company since Kandi Vehicles’ loan to JVAffiliate converted to equity in the second quarter of 2018.

 

(h) Interest expenses

 

Interest expenses were $868,538$1,304,062 in the first halfthree quarters of 2019, representing a decrease of $153,495$201,347 or 15.0%13.4% compared to $1,022,033$1,505,409 for the same period of last year. The decrease was primarily due to lessdecreased interest expenses incurred associated with the note payable to a third party.party, as well as decreased discounts associated with the settlement of bank acceptance notes. Of the interest expenses, $0, and $53,342$78,272 were discounts associated with the settlement of bank acceptance notes for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.


(i) Change in fair value of contingent consideration

 

 For the first halfthree quarters of 2019, the gain related to changes in the fair value of contingent consideration was $637,000,$694,000, representing a decrease of $2,730,012$1,120,326 or 81.1%61.7% compared to gain related to changes in the fair value of contingent consideration of $3,367,012$1,814,326 for the same period of last year, which was mainly due to the decrease in fair value of contingent consideration liability between December 31, 2018 and JuneSeptember 30, 2019 was less than the decrease in the same period of last year.

 


(j) Government grants

 

Government grants were $223,043$725,189 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019, compared to $110,813$717,821 for the same quarter last year, representing an increase of $112,230,$7,368, or 101.3%.This1.0%. This increase in government grants was because of the government’s implementation of a new policy with the purpose of supporting companies that have no or less layoff of their employees..employees.

 

(k) Gain from equity dilution in JVthe Affiliate Company

 

Gain from equity dilution was $4,341,259$4,291,974 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 which was primarily due to gain from the March JVAffiliate Loan to Equity Conversion. Pursuant to the Transfer Agreement, the JVAffiliate Company converted a loan of RMB 314 million (approximately $45.7 million) from Geely Group last year to equity in order to increase its cash flow. As a result, our equity interests in the JVAffiliate Company decreased to 43.47% in March, 2019.

 

(l) Gain from equity sale in the Affiliate Company

Gain from equity sale was $20,574,217 for first three quarters of 2019, which was due to the Affiliate Equity Transfer. In March, 2019, Kandi Vehicles agreed to sell 21.47% of its equity interests in the Affiliate Company to Geely for a total amount of RMB 516 million (approximately $72.3 million). As of September 30, 2019, the equity transfer had been completed. Therefore, in the third quarter of 2019, the Company has recognized the gain from equity sale.

(m) Share of income (loss) after tax of the JVAffiliate Company

 

For the first halfthree quarters of 2019, the JV Company’s net sales were $4,085,605, gross loss was $2,628,351, and net loss was $30,550,572. We accounted for our investments in the JV Company under the equity method of accounting. Because the March JV Loan to Equity Conversion was completed at end of the first quarter and the JV Equity Transfer has not been completed as of June 30, 2019, we recorded 50% of the JV Company’s loss for the first quarter of 2019 and recorded 43.47% of the JV Company’s loss for the second quarter of 2019. As a result, we record the JV Company’s loss for $14,591,456 for the first half of 2019. After eliminating intra-entity profits and losses, our share of loss after tax of the JVAffiliate Company was $14,449,359$22,883,126 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 representing a decrease of $17,617,110as compared to $3,167,751 of share of income after taxloss of the JV Company$79,592 in the same period of last year. The decrease oflosses incurred by the JV Company’s profits wasAffiliate Company were largely dueattributable to the fact that there were almost no EV products sold in the first half of 2019 due to the adjustment of the national subsidy policy and the pending restructuring of the JV Company, as well as an increase in R&D expenses compared with same period of last year.Affiliate Company’s temporary declining sales decline, which was caused by its product adjustments.

 

(m)(n) Other income, net

 

Net other income was $299,793$357,626 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019, representing a decrease of $350,766$308,668 or 53.9%46.3% compared to net other income of $650,559$666,294 for the same period of last year, which was largely due to the disposalfees earned on technology development services in the same period of some obsolete products during the second quarter.last year.

 

(n)(o) Income Taxes

 

In accordance with the relevant Chinese tax laws and regulations, our applicable corporate income tax rate is 25%. However, Kandi Vehicle and Jinhua An Kao are qualified as high technology companies in China and are therefore entitled to a reduced corporate income tax rate of 15%.

 

Each of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Kandi New Energy, Yongkang Scrou and Kandi Hainan, has an applicable corporate income tax rate of 25%.

 

We have a 43.47%22% ownership interest in the JVAffiliate Company, which has an applicable corporate income tax rate of 25%. Each of the JVAffiliate Company’s subsidiaries has an applicable corporate income tax rate of 25% as well.

 

Our actual effective income tax rate for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 was a tax benefit of6.02% 13.05% on a reported income before taxes of approximately $0.3 million, compared to a tax benefit of 20.70% on a reported loss before taxes of approximately $12.5 million, compared to a tax expense of 2.59% on a reported income before taxes of approximately $5.2$1.8 million.

 


(o)(p) Net income (loss)

 

Net lossincome was $11,727,630$361,811 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019, representing a decreasean increase of $16,830,150$1,780,690 compared to net income $5,102,520loss $1,418,879 for the same period of last year. The decreaseincrease was primarily attributable to the increased share of loss of the JV Company compared to the same period of last year, a result of the adjustment of the national subsidy policyrevenue, decreased research and development expense and the pending restructuring ofgain from equity sale in the JV Company, as well as the increased operation cost of the Company since Hainan facility has been put into production.Affiliate Company.

 

Excluding (i) the effects of stock compensation expenses, which were $1,314,408$1,337,333 and $2,867,136$2,898,811 net of a reversal for forfeited stock option of $2,644,877 for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 and 2018, respectively, and (ii) the change in fair value of contingent consideration which was a gain of $637,000$694,000 and $3,367,012$1,814,326 for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, our non-GAAP net lossincome was $11,050,222$1,005,144 for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 as compared to non-GAAP net income $1,957,767loss $2,979,271 for the same period of 2018, a decreasean increase of $13,007,989,$3,984,415, or 664.4%133.7%. The decreaseincrease in net income (non-GAAP) was primarily attributable to the increased share of loss of the JV Company compared to the same period of last year, a result of the adjustment of the national subsidy policyrevenue, decreased research and development expense and the pending restructuring ofgain from equity sale in the JV Company, as well as the increased operation cost of the Company since Hainan facility has been put into production.Affiliate Company.

 

We make reference to certain non-GAAP financial measures, i.e., adjusted net income. Management believes that such adjusted financial results are useful for investors in evaluating our operating performance because they present a meaningful measure of corporate performance. See the non-GAAP reconciliation table below. Any non-GAAP measures should not be considered as a substitute for, and should only be read in conjunction with, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with the GAAP.

 

The following table summarizes our non-GAAP net income for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 and 2018:

 

  Six Months Ended 
  June 30, 
  2019  2018 
GAAP net (loss) income $(11,727,630) $5,102,520 
Stock compensation expenses  1,314,408   222,259 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  (637,000)  (3,367,012)
Non-GAAP net (loss) income $(11,050,222) $1,957,767 

  Nine Months Ended 
  September 30, 
  2019  2018 
GAAP net income (loss) $361,811  $(1,418,879)
Stock compensation expenses  1,337,333   253,934 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration  (694,000)  (1,814,326)
Non-GAAP net income (loss) $1,005,144  $(2,979,271)

 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

Cash Flow

 

For the first halfthree quarters of 2019, cash used in operating activities was $33,118,904,$25,425,152, as compared to cash used in operating activities of $165,499$836,809 for the same period last year. Our operating cash inflows include cash received primarily from sales of our EV parts and off-road vehicles. These cash inflows are offset largely by cash paid primarily to our suppliers for production materials and parts used in our manufacturing process, operation expenses, employee compensation, and interest expenses of our financings. The major operating activities that provided cash for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 were an increasea decrease of share of loss after tax ofamount due from the JVAffiliate Company of $14,449,359.$30,549,072. The major operating activity that used cash for first halfthree quarters of 2019 was an increase of accounts receivable of $16,560,338 (net of settlement of accounts receivables with notes receivable from unrelated parties of $ 8,859,211).$36,822,184.

 

For the first halfthree quarters of 2019, cash derived from investing activities was $14,228,076,$31,087,397, as compared to cash used in investing activities of $620,192$682,504 for the same period of last year. The major investing activities that provided cash for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 were an increase of advance receiptscash received from equity sale in Affiliate Company of equity transfer of $ 14,740,783.$32,061,558. The major investing activities that used cash for first halfthree quarters of 2019 were $512,707$955,670 used for the purchases of property, plant and equipment.

 


For the first halfthree quarters of 2019, cash derivedused from financing activities was $1,474,078,$1,035,235, as compared to cash used in financing activities of $5,804,126$3,631,969 for the same period of last year. The major financing activities that provided cash for the first halfthree quarters of 2019 were proceeds from short-term bank loans of $17,541,532.$27,864,409. The major financing activities that used cash for first halfthree quarters of 2019 were $15,920,046$26,261,331 of repayment of short-term bank loans.

 


Working Capital

 

We had a working capital of $ 9,640,337$80,374,159 at JuneSeptember 30, 2019, which reflects an increase of $7,113,426$77,847,248 from a working capital of $2,526,911 as of December 31, 2018.

 

We have historically financed our operations through short-term commercial bank loans from Chinese banks. These loans typically have a one-year term, and upon the payment of all outstanding principals and interests on a particular loan, the banks will typically roll over the loans for an additional one-year term, with adjustments made to the interest rate to reflect prevailing market rates. This practice has been ongoing year after year. As such, we believe these short-term bank loans will be available under normal trade terms, if necessary.

During the first quarter of 2019, the Company signed an agreement to sell 21.47% of its equity interests in the JVAffiliate Company to Geely for a total amount of RMB 516 million (approximately $75.2$72.3 million). TheAs of September 29, 2019, the Company had received payments in cash totaling RMB 100220 million (approximately $14.6$30.9 million) on April 11, 2019 and certain commercial acceptance notes of RMB 100296 million (approximately $14.6$41.6 million) on July 12, 2019 from Geely, of which RMB 140 million (approximately $19.7 million) shall mature on January 20, 2020 and the rest is expected to be collected before September 25, 2019.remaining RMB 156 million (approximately $21.9 million) shall mature on March 29, 2020. The Company plans to apply the proceeds from the equity transfer to its ongoing operations.

 

As ofWe believe the date of this report, the JV Company has received a national subsidy payment of RMB 876 million (approximately $127.7 million). In connection with the transfer of the equity interests of the JV Company in the first half of 2019 as described above and elsewhere in this report, the JV Company is restructuring its management team. The new management team needs time for the transition. As it is out of our control as to when the new management team of the JV Company will finish the transition of work, we cannot predict the exact date of us receiving the amount due from the JV Company. However, based on its sufficient cash flow, the Company expects to receive the amount due from the JV Company within one year at the latest.

The working capital of the Company will be greatly improved after we receive the above payments.

 

Capital Requirements and Capital Provided

 

Capital requirements and capital provided for the sixnine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2019 were as follows:

 

 Six Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
 June 30,
2019
  September 30, 2019 
 (In Thousands)  (In Thousands) 
Capital requirements       
Purchase of plant and equipment $513  $956 
Purchase of construction in progress  18 
Repayments of short-term bank loans  15,920   26,261 
Repayments of long-term bank loans  147   146 
Cash used for stock buyback  2,493 
Internal cash used in operations  33,119   25,425 
Increase in cash  3,699 
Total capital Requirements $49,699  $58,998 
        
Capital provided        
Proceeds from short-term bank loan  17,542   27,864 
Decrease in cash  17,170 
Advance receipts of equity transfer  14,741 
Cash received from equity sale in the Affiliate Company  32,062 
Total capital provided $49,453  $59,926 

 


The difference between capital provided and capital required is caused by the effect of exchange rate changes over the past sixnine months.

 

Contractual Obligations and Off-balance Sheet Arrangements

 

Short-term and long-term Loans:

 

For the discussion of short-term and long-term loans, please refer to Note 1518 - Short-term and Long-term Loans under Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Notes payable:

 

For the discussion of notes payable, please refer to Note 1619 - Notes Payable under Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Guarantees and pledged collateral for third party bank loans

 

For the discussion of guarantees and pledged collateral for third party bank loans, please refer to Note 22 –Commitments25 – Commitments and Contingencies under Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

Recent Development Activities:

 

On May 14,September 23, 2019, wethe Company announced that the BoardKandi Vehicles and DGL Group signed a Purchase Framework Agreement (the “Agreement”) on behalf of Director has approved the Company to implement a stock repurchase program to purchase up to $20 million worthKandi Vehicles and DGL Group regarding an initial batch order of 300,000 electric scooters and 500,000 electric self-balancing scooters. The total value of the Company’s common stock within certain price range. The programAgreement is expected to be about RMB 500 million (approximately $70.5 million).The purchased products are expected to be completed or expireand delivered within one year from the date of signing this Agreement.

On September 30, 2019, the Company announced that it has completed the transfer of 21.74% of equity interests in the Affiliate Company to Geely on September 29, 2019.


On October 2, 2019, the Company announced that Kandi brand EV model K23, manufactured by Kandi Hainan, received eligibility for up to $7,500 in tax credits under the New Qualified Plug-in Electric Drive Motor Vehicle Credit (the “Credit”) from the Internal Revenue Service. Therefore, new U.S. buyers who purchase model K23 will qualify for the Credit. SC Autosports hosted EV model K23 Launch Conference in Garland, Texas during September 21-23, 2019, with over 120 distributors from all over the U.S. as attendants. After an on-site test drive, the distributors were enthusiastic about K23’s market potential in the U.S. and showed their high interests in distributing model K23. As a result, Kandi Hainan signed a supply contract (the “Contract”) for the initial 2000 model K23 with SC Autosports on October 1, 2019. The value of the Contract is about $32 million. According to the Contract, the first 200 vehicles are expected to be delivered by the end of the calendar year of 2019. The Company has engaged a securities firm to make a specific plan of repurchasing of our common stock.

 

AsOn October 14, 2019, the Company announced that according to the executed Purchase Framework Agreement dated September 22, 2019 between its wholly-owned subsidiary, Kandi Vehicles and DGL Group, Kandi Vehicles started delivering the initial batch of the date of this report, the JV Company has received a national subsidy payment of RMB 876 million (approximately $127.7 million) for sales of EV, consisting of RMB 742.8 million (approximately $108.3 million) for pure EV sales during 20151,232 electric scooters and 2016, and RMB 133.4 million (approximately $19.4 million) for partial EV sales in 2017.37,755 electric self-balancing scooters on October 11, 2019.

 

On August 7,November 4, 2019, wethe Company announced that it has newly developed two new mini pure EV models. The first model is a four-wheeled mini pure EV. The second model is a three-wheeled mini pure EV. These vehicles are intended for use in residential settings to meet U.S. market demand according to DGL Group Inc. (USA) (“DGL Group”)’s market analysis research. After Kandi Jiangsu,has undergone several rounds of technical and performance tests on the wholly-owned subsidiarymini EVs, five of the JV Company received an approval from the Ministry of Industryeach mini EV model prototypes are completed and Information Technology (“MIIT”)ready to be a pure electric vehicle production manufacturer as publishedshipped to DGL Group for further tests in the provisionsbeginning of this month.

On November 11, 2019, the Company announced that its Announcement No. 322, “Road Motor Vehicles Manufacturersfirst automatic intelligent battery exchange system passed the inspection on November 10, 2019. The system features automatic functions which perform an intelligent charging and Products.” As a result, Kandi Jiangsu has been granted “dual production licenses,” a qualification recognized by bothbattery exchange. The battery exchanging time for each vehicle is only 90 seconds, which ranks among the National Development and Reform Committee (“NDRC”) and MIIT.current top battery exchange equipment.

 

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 

This item is not applicable to us.

 

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

We have evaluated, under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our interim Chief Financial Officer (“Interim CFO”), the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) as of JuneSeptember 30, 2019. Based on this evaluation, our CEO and Interim CFO concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act (a) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and (b) is accumulated and communicated to management, including our CEO and Interim CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives as described above.

 

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 

There was no change to our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

 

From time to time, the Company is involved in legal matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Except as set forth in Note 2225 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES under Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, our management is currently not aware of any legal matters or pending litigation that would have a significant effect on the Company’s results of operation of financial statements. Furthermore, the Company is not aware of any other legal matters in which any director, officer, or any owner of record or beneficial owner of more than five percent of any class of voting securities of the Company, or any affiliate of any such director, officer, affiliate of the Company, or security holder, is a party adverse to the Company or has a material adverse interest to the Company. For the detailed discussion of our legal proceedings, please refer to Note 2225 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES under Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated by reference herein.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

2.

The unavailability, reduction or eliminationUnregistered Sales of governmentEquity Securities and economic incentives or government policies which are favorable for electric vehicles and domestically produced vehicles could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results and prospects.Use of Proceeds

 

Our growth depends significantly on the availability and amountsIssuer Purchases of government subsidies, economic incentives and government policies that support the growth of new energy vehicles generally and electric vehicles specifically.Equity Securities

 

On April 10, 2018, President Xi Jinping vowedMay 14, 2019, we announced that our board of directors had authorized the repurchase of up to $20 million worth of our common stock in open China’s economy further and lower import tariffs on products, including cars,market transactions or in a speechprivately negotiated transactions. The following table sets forth information regarding shares of our common stock that we repurchased during the Boao Forum. Beginning July 1, 2018, the tariff on imported passenger vehicles (other than those originating in the United States of America) was reduced to 15%. As a result, our pricing advantage could be diminished. On June 28, 2018, the National Development and Reform Commission, or NDRC, and the Ministry of Commerce, or the MOFCOM, promulgated the Special Administrative Measures for Market Access of Foreign Investment, or the Negative List, which came into effect on July 28, 2018. Pursuant to the Negative List, the limits on foreign ownership of auto manufacturers were lifted in 2018 for new energy passenger vehicles (“NEVs”) and will be lifted by 2022 for internal combustion engine vehicles. As a result, foreign EV competitors could build wholly-owned facilities in China without the need for a domestic joint venture partner. For example, Tesla has started constructing a factory in Shanghai without a joint venture partner. These changes could increase our competition and reduce our pricing advantage.three months ended September 30, 2019.

 

Period (a)
Total number of shares purchased
  (b)
Average price paid per share
  (c)
Total number of shares  purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs
  (d)
Maximum number (or approximate dollar value) of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs
 
July 1 to July 30, 2019  -  $-   -  $20,000,000 
August 1 to August 31, 2019  487,155  $5.09   487,155  $17,520,381 
September 1 to September 30, 2019  -  $-   -  $- 
Total  487,155  $5.09   487,155  $17,520,381 

China’s central government provides subsidies for purchasers

In summary, the Company had repurchased a total of certain NEVs until 2020 and reviews and adjusts the subsidy standard on487,155 common shares at an annual basis. The current subsidy standard is provided for in the Circular on Further Improving the Subsidy Policies for the Promotion and Applicationaverage stock price of New Energy Vehicles, which was jointly promulgated by the Ministry$5.09 per share as of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the NDRC inSeptember 30, 2019. The current subsidy standard reduces the amount of national subsidies and cancels local subsidies, resulting in a significant reduction in the total subsidy amount as compared to 2018. Furthermore, China’s central government provides certain local governments with funds and subsidies to support the roll-out of a charging infrastructure. These policies are subject to change and beyond our control. We cannot assure you that any changes would be favorable to our business. Furthermore, any reduction, elimination or discriminatory application of government subsidies and economic incentives because of policy changes, the reduced need for such subsidies and incentives due to the perceived success of electric vehicles, fiscal tightening or other factors may result in the diminished competitiveness of the alternative fuel vehicle industry generally or our electric vehicles in particular. Any of the foregoing could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.


Item 6. Exhibits

 

Exhibit
Number
 Description
31.1 Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
31.2 Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
32.1 Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Definitions Linkbase Document.


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SIGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

Date: August 9,November 12, 2019By: /s/Hu Xiaoming
  Hu Xiaoming
  President and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
   
Date: August 9,November 12, 2019By:/s/Zhu Xiaoying
  Zhu Xiaoying
  Interim Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial Officer and
  Accounting Officer)

 

 

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