UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM ~~10–Q~~10-Q

(Mark One)



ý☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020



o☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 000-50976

H~~URON~~ C~~ONSULTING~~ G~~ROUP~~ I~~NC.~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware		01-0666114
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(IRS Employer Identification Number)

550 West Van Buren Street

Chicago, Illinois

60607

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(312)583-8700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share	HURN	NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesý☒ No o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yesý☒ No o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large ~~accelerated filer~~Accelerated Filer		ý	☒	Accelerated ~~filer~~Filer	☐	o

Non-accelerated ~~filer~~Filer	☐	o Smaller Reporting Company		~~Smaller reporting company~~		o

			☐	Emerging ~~growth company~~Growth Company		o☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o☐ No ý☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

As of April 23, ~~2019, 22,883,027~~2020, 22,849,043 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, were outstanding.

Table of Contents

Huron Consulting Group Inc.

HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

INDEX



		Page
Part I – Financial Information

Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	1
	Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Income	2
	Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	3
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	4
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	5

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2320

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	3635

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	3736

Part II – Other Information

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	3736

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	37

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	3738

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	38

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	38

Item 5.	Other Information	38

Item 6.	Exhibits	39

Signature		40

Table of Contents

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	8,526		$	33,107		$	151,009		$	11,604
Receivables from clients, net	104,674			109,677
Unbilled services, net	86,504			69,613
Receivables from clients, net of allowances of $9,187 and $8,907, respectively							105,379			116,571
Unbilled services, net of allowances of $3,356 and $2,994, respectively							88,960			79,937
Income tax receivable	3,209			6,612			748			2,376
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	13,596			13,922			13,309			14,248
Total current assets	216,509			232,931			359,405			224,736
Property and equipment, net	38,359			40,374			38,326			38,413
Deferred income taxes, net	1,302			2,153			8,334			1,145
Long-term investment	54,038			50,429			67,194			54,541
Operating lease right-of-use assets	53,805			—			52,849			54,954
Other non-current assets	38,345			30,525			49,578			52,177
Intangible assets, net	43,461			47,857			28,127			31,625
Goodwill	645,541			645,263			586,235			646,680
Total assets	$	1,091,360		$	1,049,532		$	1,190,048		$	1,104,271
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	7,469		$	10,020		$	5,799		$	7,944
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	16,611			17,207			21,580			18,554
Accrued payroll and related benefits	53,966			109,825			53,380			141,605
Accrued contingent consideration for business acquisitions	10,014			9,991
Current maturities of long-term debt	245,569			243,132			533			529
Current maturities of operating lease liabilities	10,293			—			8,206			7,469
Deferred revenues	30,023			28,130			30,010			28,443
Total current liabilities	373,945			418,305			119,508			204,544
Non-current liabilities:
Deferred compensation and other liabilities	25,886			20,875			26,854			28,635
Accrued contingent consideration for business acquisitions, net of current portion	1,115			1,450
Long-term debt, net of current portion	79,722			53,853			451,189			208,324
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	60,280			—			67,317			69,233
Deferred lease incentives	—			13,693
Deferred income taxes, net	759			732			571			8,070
Total non-current liabilities	167,762			90,603			545,931			314,262
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equity
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 25,275,901 and 25,114,739 shares issued at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	247			244
Treasury stock, at cost, 2,392,531 and 2,568,288 shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively	(126,983		)	(124,794		)
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 500,000,000 shares authorized; 25,391,801 and 25,144,764 shares issued at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively							246			247
Treasury stock, at cost, 2,546,566 and 2,425,430 shares at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively							(128,366		)	(128,348		)
Additional paid-in capital	457,748			452,573			444,974			460,781
Retained earnings	199,410			196,106			195,541			237,849
Accumulated other comprehensive income	19,231			16,495			12,214			14,936
Total stockholders’ equity	549,653			540,624			524,609			585,465
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,091,360		$	1,049,532		$	1,190,048		$	1,104,271

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,							Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019				2018			2020			2019
Revenues and reimbursable expenses:
Revenues	$	204,445			$	193,679		$	222,619		$	204,445
Reimbursable expenses	18,617				17,619			19,303			18,617
Total revenues and reimbursable expenses	223,062				211,298			241,922			223,062
Direct costs and reimbursable expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown in operating expenses):
Direct costs	137,780				132,786			156,248			137,780
Amortization of intangible assets and software development costs	1,117				1,218			1,301			1,117
Reimbursable expenses	18,669				17,549			19,389			18,669
Total direct costs and reimbursable expenses	157,566				151,553			176,938			157,566
Operating expenses and other losses (gains), net
Selling, general and administrative expenses	50,749				47,078			43,446			50,749
Restructuring charges	1,275				712			1,609			1,275
Other losses (gains), net	(456		)		830
Litigation and other gains								(150		)	(456		)
Depreciation and amortization	7,172				8,803			6,114			7,172
Goodwill impairment charges								59,816			—
Total operating expenses and other losses (gains), net	58,740				57,423			110,835			58,740
Operating income	6,756				2,322
Operating income (loss)								(45,851		)	6,756
Other income (expense), net:
Interest expense, net of interest income	(4,258		)		(4,986		)	(2,341		)	(4,258		)
Other income (expense), net	2,217				(145		)	(5,296		)	2,217
Total other expense, net	(2,041		)		(5,131		)	(7,637		)	(2,041		)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes	4,715				(2,809		)	(53,488		)	4,715
Income tax expense	1,365				413
Income tax expense (benefit)								(11,215		)	1,365
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	3,350				(3,222		)	(42,273		)	3,350
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	(46		)		(42		)	(35		)	(46		)
Net income (loss)	$	3,304			$	(3,264	)	$	(42,308	)	$	3,304
Net earnings (loss) per basic share:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	0.15			$	(0.15	)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	—				—			—			—
Net income (loss)	$	0.15			$	(0.15	)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Net earnings (loss) per diluted share:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	0.15			$	(0.15	)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax	—				—			—			—
Net income (loss)	$	0.15			$	(0.15	)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Weighted average shares used in calculating earnings per share:
Weighted average shares used in calculating earnings (loss) per share:
Basic	21,868			��	21,592			21,827			21,868
Diluted	22,311				21,592			21,827			22,311
Comprehensive income (loss):
Comprehensive income:
Net income (loss)	$	3,304			$	(3,264	)	$	(42,308	)	$	3,304
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax	316				34			(779		)	316
Unrealized gain on investment, net of tax	2,657				2,166
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedging instruments, net of tax	(237		)		432
Other comprehensive income	2,736				2,632
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment, net of tax								(258		)	2,657
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedging instruments, net of tax								(1,685		)	(237		)
Other comprehensive income (loss)								(2,722		)	2,736
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	6,040			$	(632	)	$	(45,030	)	$	6,040

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Common Stock					Treasury Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares		Amount			Shares		Amount			Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at December 31, 2019	24,603,308		$	247		(2,763,302	)	$	(128,348	)	$	460,781		$	237,849		$	14,936		$	585,465
Comprehensive income														(42,308		)	(2,722		)	(45,030		)
Issuance of common stock in connection with:
Restricted stock awards, net of cancellations	250,544		2			102,467		7,115			(7,117		)							—
Exercise of stock options	20,000		—								468									468
Share-based compensation											11,720									11,720
Shares redeemed for employee tax withholdings						(120,000	)	(7,133		)										(7,133		)
Share repurchases	(313,998	)	(3		)						(20,878		)							(20,881		)
Balance at March 31, 2020	24,559,854		$	246		(2,780,835	)	$	(128,366	)	$	444,974		$	195,541		$	12,214		$	524,609



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares		Amount			Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at December 31, 2018	24,418,252	$	244	(2,671,962	)	$	(124,794	)	$	452,573		$	196,106	$	16,495	$	540,624
Comprehensive income												3,304		2,736		6,040
Issuance of common stock in connection with:
Restricted stock awards, net of cancellations	254,550	3		27,612		2,196			(2,199		)					—
Exercise of stock options	10,000	—							234							234
Share-based compensation									7,140							7,140
Shares redeemed for employee tax withholdings				(94,500	)	(4,385		)								(4,385		)
Balance at March 31, 2019	24,682,802	$	247	(2,738,850	)	$	(126,983	)	$	457,748		$	199,410	$	19,231	$	549,653

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Common Stock Treasury Stock
Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income

Stockholders’
Equity
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance at December 31, 2018 24,418,252
$ 244
(2,671,962 ) $ (124,794 ) $ 452,573
$ 196,106
$ 16,495
$ 540,624
Comprehensive income 3,304
2,736
6,040
Issuance of common stock in connection with:
Restricted stock awards, net of cancellations 254,550
3
27,612
2,196
(2,199 ) —
Exercise of stock options 10,000
—
234
234
Share-based compensation 7,140
7,140
Shares redeemed for employee tax withholdings (94,500 ) (4,385 ) (4,385 )
Balance at March 31, 2019 24,682,802
$ 247

(2,738,850 )
$ (126,983 )
$ 457,748

$ 199,410

$ 19,231

$ 549,653

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Common Stock Treasury Stock
Additional
Paid-In
Capital

Retained
Earnings

Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income

Stockholders’
Equity
Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance at December 31, 2017 24,098,822
$ 241
(2,591,135 ) $ (121,994 ) $ 434,256
$ 180,443
$ 10,370
$ 503,316
Comprehensive income (3,264 ) 2,632
(632 )
Issuance of common stock in connection with:
Restricted stock awards, net of cancellations 198,546
2
34,177
1,443
(1,445 ) —
Exercise of stock options 10,000
—
234
234
Share-based compensation 5,280
5,280
Shares redeemed for employee tax withholdings (75,832 ) (2,684 ) (2,684 )
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASC 606 1,956
1,956
Balance at March 31, 2018 24,307,368
$ 243
(2,632,790 ) $ (123,235 ) $ 438,325
$ 179,135
$ 13,002
$ 507,470

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	3,304		$	(3,264	)	$	(42,308	)	$	3,304
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities:
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash flows from operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	10,710			10,021			7,415			8,538
Non-cash lease expense							1,938			2,172
Lease impairment charge	740			—			—			740
Share-based compensation	5,366			4,483			8,504			5,366
Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs	2,618			2,615			198			2,618
Allowances for doubtful accounts and unbilled services	59			201
Goodwill impairment charges							59,816			—
Allowances for doubtful accounts							21			59
Deferred income taxes							(14,016		)	—
Loss on sale of business							102			—
Change in fair value of contingent consideration liabilities	(391		)	830			—			(391		)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of divestiture:
(Increase) decrease in receivables from clients, net	5,129			(4,452		)	11,698			5,129
(Increase) decrease in unbilled services, net	(16,850		)	(15,991		)	(9,138		)	(16,850		)
(Increase) decrease in current income tax receivable / payable, net	3,490			(805		)	2,332			3,490
(Increase) decrease in other assets	(2,554		)	(3,753		)	4,304			(2,554		)
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and other liabilities	2,396			901			(3,708		)	2,396
Increase (decrease) in accrued payroll and related benefits	(54,151		)	(23,633		)	(84,910		)	(54,151		)
Increase (decrease) in deferred revenues	1,845			(3,416		)	1,606			1,845
Net cash used in operating activities	(38,289		)	(36,263		)	(56,146		)	(38,289		)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment, net	(2,349		)	(1,369		)	(1,001		)	(2,349		)
Purchases of investment securities							(13,000		)	—
Investment in life insurance policies	(3,645		)	(1,455		)	(1,472		)	(3,645		)
Purchases of businesses, net of cash acquired	—			(215		)
Capitalization of internally developed software costs	(2,093		)	(728		)	(2,922		)	(2,093		)
Net cash used in investing activities	(8,087		)	(3,767		)	(18,395		)	(8,087		)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	234			234
Proceeds from exercises of stock options							468			234
Shares redeemed for employee tax withholdings	(4,385		)	(2,684		)	(7,133		)	(4,385		)
Proceeds from borrowings under credit facility	40,500			91,500
Repayments of debt	(14,627		)	(58,124		)
Payments for debt issuance costs	—			(1,385		)
Share repurchases							(22,115		)	—
Proceeds from bank borrowings							281,000			40,500
Repayments of bank borrowings							(38,131		)	(14,627		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	21,722			29,541			214,089			21,722
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	73			16			(143		)	73
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(24,581		)	(10,473		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents							139,405			(24,581		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period	33,107			16,909			11,604			33,107
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period	$	8,526		$	6,436		$	151,009		$	8,526
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Property and equipment expenditures and capitalized software included in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	1,913		$	1,937		$	3,716		$	1,913
Contingent consideration related to business acquisitions	$	—		$	212

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

1. Description of Business

Huron is a global consultancy that ~~helps clients drive growth, enhance performance and sustain leadership in the markets they serve. We partner~~collaborates with clients to ~~develop strategies~~drive strategic growth, ignite innovation and ~~implement solutions that enable~~navigate constant change. Through a combination of strategy, expertise and creativity, we help clients accelerate operational, digital and cultural transformation, enabling the ~~transformative~~ change ~~our clients~~they need to own their future. By embracing diverse perspectives, encouraging new ideas and challenging the status quo, we create sustainable results for the organizations we serve.

2. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows as of and for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018.~~2019. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all of the information and note disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ~~(“GAAP”~~("GAAP") for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for the fair statement of our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the interim periods presented in conformity with GAAP. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, ~~2018~~2019 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year or any other interim period.

~~On January 1, 2019, we adopted Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") 2016-02,~~ ~~Leases. Below is an update to our lease accounting policy as a result of the adoption. Refer to Note 3 "New Accounting Pronouncements" for additional information on the adoption of ASU 2016-02.~~

~~Leases~~

We determine if an arrangement contains a lease and the classification of such lease at inception. As of March 31, 2019, all of our material leases are classified as operating leases; we have not entered into any material finance leases. For all operating leases with an initial term greater than 12 months, we recognize an operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") asset and operating lease liability. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet; we recognize lease expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at lease commencement date and provided by Bank of America, N.A., the administrative agent for our senior secured credit facility, in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset excludes lease incentives.

Certain lease agreements contain variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or rate. These variable lease payments are not included in the calculation of the operating lease ROU asset and operating lease liability; instead, they are expensed as incurred. Certain lease agreements contain lease and nonlease components, which are accounted for separately. We separate the contract consideration between lease and nonlease components based on the relative standalone price of each component. Our leases may contain options to extend or terminate the lease, and we include these terms in our calculation of the operating lease ROU asset and operating lease liability when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise the option.

Operating lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statement of operations. In accordance with our accounting policy for impairment of long-lived assets, operating lease ROU assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset group to which the operating lease ROU asset is assigned may not be recoverable. We evaluate the recoverability of the asset group based on forecasted undiscounted cash flows. See Note 5 "Leases" for additional information on our leases, including the lease impairment charge recorded in the first quarter of 2019.

3. New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted

In ~~March~~June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU ~~2016-02,~~ ~~Leases, as~~2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments which provides a new ~~Topic, ASC 842,~~current expected credit loss model to account for credit losses on certain financial assets, including trade receivables. That model requires an entity to estimate lifetime credit losses based on relevant historical information, adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts that could affect the collectability of the reported amount. The ASU also makes targeted amendments to the current impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities, which ~~superseded ASC Topic 840,~~ ~~Leases, and sets forth the principles for~~includes requiring the recognition ~~measurement, presentation, and~~of an allowance rather than a direct write-down of the investment, which may be reversed in the event that the credit of an issuer improves. We adopted ASU 2016-13 effective January 1, 2020, which did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which modifies certain disclosure ~~of leases for both lessees and lessors.~~requirements related to fair value measurements. We adopted ASU ~~2016-02 requires lessees to classify leases as either finance or operating leases and to record~~2018-13 effective January 1, 2020, which had no impact on the ~~balance sheet a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, equal~~amounts reported on our consolidated financial statements. We updated our disclosures within the notes to our consolidated financial statements as required by ASU 2018-13.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. ASU 2019-12 simplifies the accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the ~~present value~~guidance in ASC 740, Income Taxes, related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. The new guidance also simplifies other aspects of the ~~remaining lease payments,~~accounting for ~~all leases with~~franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or tax rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a ~~term greater th~~step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. On January 1, 2020, we elected to early adopt ASU 2019-12 on a modified retrospective basis for those amendments that are not applied on a prospective basis. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

an 12 months regardless of the lease classification. The lease classification will determine whether the lease expense is recognized using an effective interest rate method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, ~~Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements~~, which provides an optional transition method that allows entities to initially apply ASC 842 at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings on the adoption date. We adopted ASC 842 effective January 1, 2019 on a modified retrospective basis for existing leases using the transition method allowed by ASU 2018-11, which had no impact on our consolidated financial statements in the prior periods presented. The new lease standard has a material impact on our consolidated balance sheet upon adoption, but does not impact our consolidated statement of operations. The most significant impact to our consolidated balance sheet is the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. The impact of the new lease standard on our consolidated balance sheet upon adoption follows:

As of
December 31, 2018

ASC 842
Adjustment

As of
January 1, 2019
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets $ —
$ 56,463
$ 56,463

Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $ 17,207
$ (2,557 ) $ 14,650
Current maturities of operating lease liabilities $ —
$ 10,537
$ 10,537
Deferred compensation and other liabilities $ 20,875
$ (536 ) $ 20,339
Deferred lease incentives $ 13,693
$ (13,693 ) $ —
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion $ —
$ 62,712
$ 62,712

~~Not Yet Adopted~~

~~In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13,~~ ~~Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement,~~ which modifies certain disclosure requirements related to fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2020, with early adoption permitted. We do not expect this guidance to have an impact on the amounts reported on our consolidated financial statements, and we are currently evaluating the potential impact this guidance will have on our disclosures within the notes to our consolidated financial statements.

4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The table below sets forth the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.



	Healthcare			Business Advisory			Education		Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019:
Goodwill	$	636,810		$	302,057		$	103,889	$	1,042,756
Accumulated impairment losses	(208,081		)	(187,995		)	—		(396,076		)
Goodwill, net as of December 31, 2019	428,729			114,062			103,889		646,680
Goodwill impairment charges	—			(59,816		)	—		(59,816		)
Foreign currency translation	—			(629		)	—		(629		)
Goodwill, net as of March 31, 2020	$	428,729		$	53,617		$	103,889	$	586,235

Healthcare

Business
Advisory
Education Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018:
Goodwill $ 636,810
$ 301,700
$ 102,829
$ 1,041,339
Accumulated impairment losses (208,081 ) (187,995 ) —
(396,076 )
Goodwill, net as of December 31, 2018 428,729
113,705
102,829
645,263
Foreign currency translation —
278
—
278
Goodwill, net as of March 31, 2019 $ 428,729
$ 113,983
$ 102,829
$ 645,541
First Quarter 2020 Goodwill Impairment Charges

The worldwide spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) in the first quarter of 2020 has created significant volatility, uncertainty and disruption to the global economy. We are closely monitoring the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on all aspects of our business, including how it will impact our clients, employees and business partners. While the COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant impact on our consolidated revenues in the first quarter of 2020, we expect it to have an unfavorable impact on sales and business development activities and full year 2020 results. Additionally, we expect a decrease in the demand for the services we provide that may be considered by our clients to be more discretionary in nature. The services provided by our Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units within our Business Advisory segment focus on strategic solutions for healthy, well-capitalized companies to identify new growth opportunities and may be considered by our clients to be more discretionary in nature; therefore, we are cautious about near-term results for these two reporting units. Based on our internal projections and the preparation of our financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, and considering the expected decrease in demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we believed that the fair value of these two reporting units may no longer exceed their carrying values and performed an interim impairment test on both reporting units.

Our goodwill impairment test was performed by comparing the fair value of each of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units with their respective carrying values and recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeded the fair value. To estimate the fair value of each reporting unit, we relied on a combination of the income approach and the market approach, utilizing the guideline company method, with a fifty-fifty weighting. Based on the estimated fair values of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units described below, we recorded non-cash pretax goodwill impairment charges of $49.9 million and $9.9 million, respectively, in the first quarter of 2020. The $49.9 million non-cash pretax charge related to the Strategy and Innovation reporting unit reduced the goodwill balance of the reporting unit to $37.5 million. The $9.9 million non-cash pretax charge related to the Life Sciences reporting unit reduced the goodwill balance of the reporting unit to zero.

Concurrently with the goodwill impairment tests performed over the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units, we evaluated whether any indicators exist that would lead us to believe that the fair values of our Healthcare, Education, and Business Advisory reporting units may not exceed their carrying values. Based on our internal projections, consideration of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these reporting units, and review of the amounts by which the fair values of these reporting units exceeded their carrying values in the most recent quantitative goodwill impairment analysis performed, we did not identify any indicators that would lead us to believe that the fair values of these reporting units may not exceed their carrying values as of March 31, 2020.

In connection with the goodwill impairment tests performed on the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units, we performed impairment tests on the long-lived assets allocated to the asset groups of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units. Based on the impairment tests performed, we concluded that the long-lived assets allocated to the asset groups were not impaired as of March 31, 2020. We did not identify any indicators that would lead us to believe that the carrying values of the long-lived assets allocated to our other asset groups may not be recoverable as of March 31, 2020.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019 consisted of the following:



		As of March 31, 2020				As of December 31, 2019
	Useful Life (in years)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer relationships	3 to 13	$	87,379	$	64,265	$	87,577	$	61,882
Trade names	5 to 6	28,930		26,192		28,930		25,894
Technology and software	5	5,440		4,456		5,694		4,321
Non-competition agreements	5	2,220		1,559		2,220		1,447
Customer contracts	2	800		170		800		52
Total		$	124,769	$	96,642	$	125,221	$	93,596

As of March 31, 2019 As of December 31, 2018

Useful Life
(in years)

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization
Customer relationships 4 to 13 $ 98,338
$ 63,653
$ 98,235
$ 60,462
Trade names 5 to 6 28,930
23,859
28,930
23,181
Technology and software 3 to 5 5,694
3,211
5,694
2,842
Non-competition agreements 3 to 5 3,650
2,446
3,650
2,241
Favorable lease contract 3 720
702
720
646
Total $ 137,332
$ 93,871
$ 137,229
$ 89,372

Identifiable intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Customer relationships and customer contracts, as well as certain trade names and technology and software, are amortized on an accelerated basis to correspond to the cash flows expected to be derived from the assets. All other intangible assets with finite lives are amortized on a straight-line basis.

Intangible asset amortization expense was ~~$4.5~~$3.2 million and ~~$6.3~~$4.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively. The table below sets forth the estimated annual amortization expense for the ~~year ending December 31, 2019 and each of the five succeeding years for the~~ intangible assets recorded as of March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.


Year Ending December 31,	Estimated Amortization Expense		Estimated Amortization Expense
2019	$	17,206
2020	$	12,083	$	12,561
2021	$	8,064	$	8,358
2022	$	6,090	$	6,111
2023	$	3,512	$	3,512
2024	$	741	$	741

Actual future amortization expense could differ from these estimated amounts as a result of future acquisitions, dispositions, and other factors.

5. ~~Leases~~

We lease office space, data centers and certain equipment under operating leases expiring on various dates through 2028, with various renewal options that can extend the lease terms by one to ten years. Our operating leases include fixed payments plus, in some cases, scheduled base rent increases over the term of the lease. Certain leases require variable payments of real estate taxes and insurance. We exclude these variable payments from the measurements of our lease liabilities and expense them as incurred. Additionally, certain leases require payments for operating expenses applicable to the property. We account for these nonlease components separately from the lease components. No lease agreements contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. As of March 31, 2019, we have not entered into any material finance leases. We sublease certain office spaces to third parties resulting from restructuring activities in certain locations.

During the first quarter of 2019, we exited a portion of a corporate office space and determined that the carrying amount of the asset group to which the related operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") asset is assigned may not be recoverable. Therefore, we performed a long-lived asset impairment test on the asset group, which is comprised of the operating lease ROU asset and leasehold improvements of the office space. First, we tested the asset group for recoverability by comparing the undiscounted cash flows of the asset group, which included expected future lease and nonlease payments under the lease agreement offset by expected sublease income, to the carrying amount of the asset group. This first step of the long-lived asset impairment test concluded that the carrying amount of the asset group was not recoverable. Therefore, we performed the second step of the long-lived asset impairment test by comparing the fair value of the asset group to its carrying amount and recognizing a lease impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeded the fair value. To estimate the fair value of the asset group, we relied on a discounted cash flow approach using market participant assumptions of the expected cash flows and discount rate. Based on the estimated fair value o

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

f the asset group, we recorded a $0.7 million lease impairment charge, of which $0.5 million was allocated to the operating lease ROU asset and $0.2 million was allocated to the leasehold improvements based on their relative carrying amounts. The $0.7 million lease impairment charge was recognized in restructuring charges on our consolidated statement of operations. See Note 9 "Restructuring Charges" for additional information on our restructuring activities.

~~Additional information on our operating leases as of March 31, 2019 follows.~~

Balance Sheet
March 31,
2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets $ 53,805

Current maturities of operating lease liabilities $ 10,293
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion 60,280
Total lease liabilities $ 70,573

Lease Cost Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Operating lease cost $ 3,000
Short-term leases ⁽¹⁾
47
Variable lease costs 374
Sublease income (617 )
Net lease cost ⁽²⁾
$ 2,804


~~(1)~~	~~Includes variable lease costs related to short-term leases.~~


~~(2)~~	~~Rent expense, including operating expenses, real estate taxes and insurance, recorded under ASC 840 for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $3.9 million.~~

~~The table below summarizes the remaining expected lease payments under our operating leases as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.~~

Future Lease Payments

March 31,
2019

December 31,
2018 ^{(1, 2)}
2019 $ 10,136
$ 13,701
2020 12,717
12,724
2021 11,595
11,590
2022 10,775
10,766
2023 10,711
10,707
Thereafter 27,035
27,033
Total operating lease payments $ 82,969
$ 86,521
Less: imputed interest (12,396 ) n/a
Present value of operating lease liabilities
$ 70,573
n/a


~~(1)~~	~~The expected lease payments as of December 31, 2018 represent our future minimum rental commitments as defined by ASC 840.~~


~~(2)~~	~~As of December 31, 2018, the expected total future minimum sublease income to be received was $10.2 million.~~

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

Other Information Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities $ 3,554

Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases 7.0 years
Weighted average discount rate - operating leases 4.7 %

~~During the first quarter of 2019, we entered into two new agreements to lease office space in Denver, Colorado and Bangalore, India. Both leases are expected to commence in the second quarter of 2019.~~

6. Revenues

For the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, we recognized revenues of $222.6 million and $204.4 million, respectively. Of the $222.6 million recognized in the first quarter of 2020, we recognized revenues of $7.9 million from obligations satisfied, or partially satisfied, in prior periods, of which $4.8 million was due to changes in the estimates of our variable consideration under performance-based billing arrangements and ~~$193.7~~$3.1 million ~~respectively.~~was primarily due to the release of allowances on unbilled services as a result of securing contract amendments. Of the $204.4 million recognized in the first quarter of 2019, we recognized revenues of $3.9 million from obligations satisfied, or partially satisfied, in prior periods, due to the release of allowances on unbilled services due to securing contract amendments. During the first quarter of 2019, we recognized a $1.2 million decrease to revenues due to changes in the estimates of our variable consideration under performance-based billing arrangements. ~~Of the $193.7 million recognized in the first quarter of 2018, we recognized revenues of~~ ~~$5.9 million~~ ~~from obligations satisfied, or partially satisfied, in prior periods, of which~~ ~~$3.1 million~~ ~~was primarily due to the release of allowances on unbilled services due to securing contract amendments and~~ ~~$2.8 million~~ ~~was due to changes in the estimates of our variable consideration under performance-based billing arrangements.~~

As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had ~~$75.1~~$92.5 million of remaining performance obligations under engagements with original expected durations greater than one year. These remaining performance obligations exclude obligations under contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less, variable consideration which has been excluded from the total transaction price due to the constraint, and performance obligations under time-and-expense engagements which are recognized in the amount invoiced. Of the ~~$75.1~~$92.5 million of performance obligations, we expect to recognize approximately ~~$56.9~~$49.6 million as revenue in ~~2019, $12.4~~2020, $28.2 million in ~~2020,~~2021, and the remaining ~~$5.8~~$14.7 million thereafter. Actual revenue recognition could differ from these amounts as a result of changes in the estimated timing of work to be performed, adjustments to estimated variable consideration in performance-based arrangements, or other factors.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The payment terms and conditions in our customer contracts vary. Differences between the timing of billings and the recognition of revenue are recognized as either unbilled services or deferred revenues in the consolidated balance sheets.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Unbilled services include revenues recognized for services performed but not yet billed to clients. Services performed that we are not yet entitled to bill because certain events, such as the completion of the measurement period or client approval in performance-based engagements, must occur are recorded as contract assets and included within unbilled services, net. The contract asset balance as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~$3.7~~$12.4 million and ~~$9.1~~$12.6 million, respectively. The ~~$5.4~~$0.2 million decrease primarily reflects timing differences between the completion of our performance obligations and the amounts billed or billable to clients in accordance with their contractual billing terms.

Client prepayments and retainers are classified as deferred revenues and recognized over future periods in accordance with the applicable engagement agreement and our revenue recognition policy. Our deferred revenues balance as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, was $30.0 million and ~~$28.1~~$28.4 million, respectively. The ~~$1.9~~$1.6 million increase primarily reflects timing differences between client payments in accordance with their contract terms and the completion of our performance obligations. For the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, $11.7~~2020, $14.4 million of revenues recognized were included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

7.6. Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share excludes dilution and is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, excluding unvested restricted common stock. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential reduction in earnings per share that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock under the treasury stock method. Such securities or other contracts include unvested restricted stock awards, outstanding common stock options, convertible senior notes, and outstanding warrants, to the extent dilutive. In periods for which we report a net loss from continuing operations, diluted weighted average common shares outstanding excludes all potential common stock equivalents as their impact on diluted net loss from continuing operations per share would be anti-dilutive.

Earnings (loss) per share under the basic and diluted computations are as follows:



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	(42,273	)	$	3,350
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax	(35		)	(46		)
Net income (loss)	$	(42,308	)	$	3,304

Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic	21,827			21,868
Weighted average common stock equivalents	—			443
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted	21,827			22,311

Net earnings (loss) per basic share:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax	—			—
Net income (loss)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15

Net earnings (loss) per diluted share:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax	—			—
Net income (loss)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018
Net income (loss) from continuing operations $ 3,350
$ (3,222 )
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax (46 ) (42 )
Net income (loss) $ 3,304
$ (3,264 )

Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic 21,868
21,592
Weighted average common stock equivalents 443
—
Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted 22,311
21,592

Net earnings (loss) per basic share:

Net income (loss) from continuing operations $ 0.15
$ (0.15 )
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax —
—
Net income (loss) $ 0.15
$ (0.15 )

Net earnings (loss) per diluted share:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations $ 0.15
$ (0.15 )
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax —
—
Net income (loss) $ 0.15
$ (0.15 )

The number of anti-dilutive securities excluded from the computation of the weighted average common stock equivalents presented above were as follows:



	As of March 31,
	2020	2019
Unvested restricted stock awards	992	12
Outstanding common stock options	86	—
Convertible senior notes	—	3,129
Warrants related to the issuance of convertible senior notes	3,129	3,129
Total anti-dilutive securities	4,207	6,270

As of March 31,
2019 2018
Unvested restricted stock awards 12
723
Outstanding common stock options —
184
Convertible senior notes 3,129
3,129
Warrants related to the issuance of convertible senior notes 3,129
3,129
Total anti-dilutive securities 6,270
7,165

See Note 87 “Financing Arrangements” for further information on the convertible senior notes and warrants related to the issuance of convertible notes.

We currently have a share repurchase program permitting us to repurchase up to $125 million of our common stock through October 31, ~~2019~~2020 (the “Share Repurchase Program”). The amount and timing of the repurchases will be determined by management and will depend on a variety of factors, including the trading price of our common stock, capacity under our credit facility, general market and business conditions, and applicable legal requirements. In the first quarter of 2020, we repurchased and retired 313,998 shares for $20.9 million. The 313,998 shares repurchased and retired in the first quarter of 2020 were included as a reduction to our basic weighted average shares outstanding for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 based on the trade date of the share repurchase. Additionally, in the first quarter of 2020, we settled the repurchase of 18,000 shares for $1.2 million that were accrued as of December 31, 2019. These shares were reflected as a reduction to our basic weighted average shares outstanding in the fourth quarter of 2019 based on the trade date of the share repurchase. No shares were repurchased during the first three months of ~~2019 and 2018.~~2019. As of March 31, ~~2019, $35.1~~2020, less than $0.1 million remains available for share repurchases.

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

8.7. Financing Arrangements

A summary of the carrying amounts of our debt follows:



	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019
Senior secured credit facility	$	448,000		$	205,000
Promissory note due 2024	3,722			3,853
Total long-term debt	$	451,722		$	208,853
Current maturities of long-term debt	(533		)	(529		)
Long-term debt, net of current portion	$	451,189		$	208,324

March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
1.25% convertible senior notes due 2019 $ 245,051
$ 242,617
Senior secured credit facility 76,000
50,000
Promissory note due 2024 4,240
4,368
Total long-term debt $ 325,291
$ 296,985
Current maturities of long-term debt (245,569 ) (243,132 )
Long-term debt, net of current portion $ 79,722
$ 53,853

Below is a summary of the scheduled remaining principal payments of our debt as of March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.



	Principal Payments of Long-Term Debt
2020	$	398
2021	$	544
2022	$	559
2023	$	575
2024	$	449,646

Principal Payments of Long-Term Debt
2019 $ 250,387
2020 $ 529
2021 $ 544
2022 $ 559
2023 $ 76,575
Thereafter $ 1,646

Convertible Notes

In September 2014, the Company issued $250 million principal amount of 1.25% convertible senior notes due 2019 (the “Convertible Notes”) in a private offering. The Convertible Notes ~~are~~were governed by the terms of an indenture between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee (the “Indenture”). The Convertible Notes ~~are~~were senior unsecured obligations of the Company and ~~will pay~~paid interest semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year at an annual rate of 1.25%. ~~The Convertible Notes will mature on October 1, 2019, unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted~~

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in ~~accordance with their terms. We expect~~thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Prior to ~~refinance the principal amount of the outstanding Convertible Notes at~~ maturity, ~~with the borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility.~~

~~Upon~~upon conversion, the Convertible Notes ~~will be~~would have been settled, at our election, in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. Our ~~current~~ intent and policy iswas to settle conversions with a combination of cash and shares of common stock with the principal amount of the Convertible Notes paid in cash, in accordance with the settlement provisions of the Indenture.

The initial conversion rate for the Convertible Notes is 12.5170 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes, which is equal to an initial conversion price of approximately $79.89 per share of our common stock. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain specified events but will not be adjusted for accrued and unpaid interest, except in certain limited circumstances described in the Indenture. Upon the occurrence of a “make-whole fundamental change” (as defined in the Indenture) the Company will, in certain circumstances, increase the conversion rate by a number of additional shares for a holder that elects to convert its Convertible Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change. Additionally, if the Company undergoes a “fundamental change” (as defined in the Indenture), a holder will have the option to require the Company to repurchase all or a portion of its Convertible Notes for cash at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes being repurchased plus any accrued and unpaid interest. As discussed below, the convertible note hedge transactions and warrants, which were entered into in connection with the Convertible Notes, effectively raise the price at which economic dilution would occur from the initial conversion price of approximately $79.89 to approximately $97.12 per share.

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~Holders of the Convertible Notes may convert their Convertible Notes at their option at any time prior to July 1, 2019, only under the following circumstances:~~

during any calendar quarter (and only during such calendar quarter) commencing after December 31, 2014 if, for each of at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter, the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for such trading day is equal to or greater than 130% of the applicable conversion price on such trading day;

during the five consecutive business day period immediately following any five consecutive trading day period (such five consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which, for each trading day of the measurement period, the “trading price” (as defined in the Indenture) per $1,000 principal amount of the Convertible Notes for such trading day was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the Company’s common stock for such trading day and the applicable conversion rate on such trading day; or

~~upon the occurrence of specified corporate transactions described in the Indenture.~~

On or after July 1, 2019 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, a holder may convert all or a portion of its Convertible Notes, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

~~We have~~issuance, we separated the Convertible Notes into liability and equity components. The carrying amount of the liability component was determined by measuring the fair value of a similar liability that does not have an associated convertible feature, assuming our non-convertible debt borrowing rate. The carrying value of the equity component representing the conversion option, which iswas recognized as a debt discount, was determined by deducting the fair value of the liability component from the proceeds of the Convertible Notes. The debt discount iswas amortized to interest expense using an effective interest rate of 4.751% over the term of the Convertible Notes. ~~As of March 31, 2019, the remaining life of the Convertible Notes is six months.~~ The equity component ~~will~~was not be remeasured as ~~long as~~ it ~~continues~~continued to meet the conditions for equity classification.

The transaction costs related to the issuance of the Convertible Notes were separated into liability and equity components based on their relative ~~values, as determined above.~~values. Transaction costs attributable to the liability component ~~are~~were recorded as a deduction to the carrying amount of the liability and amortized to interest expense over the term of the Convertible Notes; and transaction costs attributable to the equity component ~~are~~were netted with the equity component of the Convertible Notes in stockholders’ equity. ~~Total debt issuance costs were approximately $7.3 million, of which $6.2 million was allocated to liability issuance costs and $1.1 million was allocated to equity issuance costs.~~

~~As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Convertible Notes consisted of the following:~~

March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
Liability component:
Proceeds $ 250,000
$ 250,000
Less: debt discount, net of amortization (4,316 ) (6,436 )
Less: debt issuance costs, net of amortization (633 ) (947 )
Net carrying amount $ 245,051
$ 242,617
Equity component ⁽¹⁾
$ 39,287
$ 39,287

~~(1)Included in additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheet.~~

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The following table presents the amount of interest expense recognized related to the Convertible Notes for the ~~periods~~period presented.



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Contractual interest coupon	$	781
Amortization of debt discount	2,120
Amortization of debt issuance costs	315
Total interest expense	$	3,216

Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018
Contractual interest coupon $ 781
$ 781
Amortization of debt discount 2,120
2,021
Amortization of debt issuance costs 315
309
Total interest expense $ 3,216
$ 3,111

In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, we entered into convertible note hedge transactions and warrant transactions. The convertible note hedge transactions ~~are~~were intended to reduce the potential future economic dilution associated with the conversion of the Convertible Notes and, combined with the warrants, effectively ~~raise~~raised the price at which economic dilution would occur from the initial conversion price of approximately $79.89 to approximately $97.12 per share. For purposes of the computation of diluted earnings per share in accordance with GAAP, dilution will occur when the average share price of our common stock for a given period exceeds the conversion price of the Convertible Notes, which initially is equal to approximately $79.89 per share. The convertible note hedge transactions ~~and warrant transactions are discussed separately below.~~

~~Convertible Note Hedge Transactions~~. In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company entered into convertible note hedge transactions whereby the Company has call options to purchase a total of approximately 3.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock, which is the number of shares initially issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes in full, at a price of approximately $79.89, which corresponds to the initial conversion price of the Convertible Notes, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to thoseexpired in the ~~Convertible Notes.~~third quarter of 2019. The convertible note hedge transactions are exercisable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes and will expire in 2019 if not earlier exercised. We paid an aggregate amount of $42.1 million for the convertible note hedge transactions, which was recorded as additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheet. The convertible note hedge transactions are separate transactions and are not part of the terms of the Convertible Notes.

~~Warrants.~~ ~~In connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes, the Company sold warrants whereby the~~ holders of the warrants have the option to purchase aan initial total of approximately 3.1 million shares of the Company’s common stock at a strike price of approximately $97.12. The warrants ~~will expire~~are expiring incrementally on 100 different dates from January 6, 2020 to May 28, 2020 and are exercisable at each such expiry date. If the average market value per share of our common stock for the reporting period exceeds the strike price of the warrants, the warrants will have a dilutive effect on our earnings per share. ~~We received aggregate proceeds of $23.6 million from the sale of the warrants, which was recorded as additional paid-in capital on the consolidated balance sheet.~~ The warrants are separate transactions and are not part of the terms of the Convertible Notes or the convertible note hedge transactions.

The Company recorded an initial deferred tax liability of $15.4 million in connection with the debt discount associated with the Convertible Notes and recorded an initial deferred tax asset of $16.5 million in connection with the convertible note hedge transactions. The deferred tax liability and deferred tax asset are included in deferred income taxes, net on the consolidated balance sheets.

Senior Secured Credit Facility

The Company has a ~~$500~~$600 million ~~five-year~~ senior secured revolving credit facility, subject to the terms of a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of March 31, 2015, as amended to date (as amended and modified the "Amended Credit Agreement"), that becomes due and payable in full upon maturity on ~~March 23, 2023.~~September 27, 2024. The Amended Credit Agreement provides the option to increase the revolving credit facility or establish term loan facilities in an aggregate amount of up to $150 million, subject to customary conditions and the approval of any lender whose commitment would be increased, resulting in a maximum available principal amount under the Amended Credit Agreement of ~~$650~~$750 million. The initial borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement were used to refinance borrowings outstanding under a prior credit agreement, and future borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement may be used for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions of businesses, share repurchases, and general corporate purposes.

Fees and interest on borrowings vary based on our Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). At our option, borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement will bear interest at one, two, three or six-month LIBOR or an alternate base rate, in each case plus the applicable margin. The applicable margin will fluctuate between ~~1.25%~~1.125% per annum and ~~2.00%~~1.875% per annum, in the case of

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

LIBOR borrowings, or between ~~0.25%~~0.125% per annum and ~~1.00%~~0.875% per annum, in the case of base rate loans, based upon our Consolidated Leverage Ratio at such time.

Amounts borrowed under the Amended Credit Agreement may be prepaid at any time without premium or penalty. We are required to prepay the amounts outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement in certain circumstances, including a requirement to pay all amounts outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement 90 days prior to the Convertible Indebtedness Maturity Date (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) unless (1) the Convertible Indebtedness Maturity Date is waived or extended to a later date, (2) the Company can demonstrate (a) Liquidity (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) inupon an amount at least equal to the principal amount due on the Convertible Indebtedness Maturity Date, and (b) financial covenant compliance after giving effect to such payments and any additional indebtedness incurred on a pro forma basis, or (3) this requirement is waived by the Required LendersEvent of Default (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). In addition, we have the right to permanently reduce or terminate the unused portion of the commitments provided under the Amended Credit Agreement at any time.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The loans and obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are secured pursuant to a Second Amended and Restated Security Agreement and a Second Amended and Restated Pledge Agreement ~~(the~~(as amended, the “Pledge Agreement”) with Bank of America, N.A. as collateral agent, pursuant to which the Company and the subsidiary guarantors grant Bank of America, N.A., for the ratable benefit of the lenders under the Amended Credit Agreement, a first-priority lien, subject to permitted liens, on substantially all of the personal property assets of the Company and the subsidiary guarantors, and a pledge of 100% of the stock or other equity interests in all domestic subsidiaries and 65% of the stock or other equity interests in each “material first-tier foreign subsidiary” (as defined in the Pledge Agreement).

Borrowings outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 totaled ~~$76.0~~$448.0 million. These borrowings carried a weighted average interest rate of ~~4.5%~~2.3%, including the effect of the interest rate ~~swap~~swaps described in Note 109 “Derivative ~~Instrument~~Instruments and Hedging Activity." Borrowings outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement at December 31, ~~2018~~2019 were ~~$50.0~~$205.0 million and carried a weighted average interest rate of ~~3.7%~~3.0%, including the effect of the interest rate swap outstanding at the time and described in Note 109 “Derivative ~~Instrument~~Instruments and Hedging Activity." The borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility is reduced by any outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and outstanding letters of credit. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $1.6 million, which are primarily used as security deposits for our office facilities. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the unused borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility was ~~$422.4~~$150.4 million.

Promissory Note due 2024

On June 30, 2017, in conjunction with our purchase of an aircraft related to the acquisition of Innosight, we assumed, from the sellers of the aircraft, a promissory note with an outstanding principal balance of $5.1 million. The principal balance of the promissory note is subject to scheduled monthly principal payments until the maturity date of March 1, 2024, at which time a final payment of $1.5 million, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, will be due. Under the terms of the promissory note, we will pay interest on the outstanding principal amount at a rate of ~~one-month~~one month LIBOR plus 1.97% per annum. The obligations under the promissory note are secured pursuant to a Loan and Aircraft Security Agreement with Banc of America Leasing & Capital, LLC, which grants the lender a first priority security interest in the aircraft. At March 31, 2020, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was $3.7 million, and the aircraft had a carrying amount of $4.9 million. At December 31, 2019, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was ~~$4.2 million. As of March 31, 2019, the aircraft had a carrying amount of $5.6 million. At December 31, 2018, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was $4.4~~$3.9 million, and the aircraft had a carrying amount of ~~$5.8~~$5.1 million.

9.8. Restructuring Charges

Restructuring charges for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 totaled ~~$1.3~~$1.6 million, compared to ~~$0.7~~$1.3 million for the first three months of ~~2018.~~2019. The $1.6 million restructuring charge incurred in the first quarter of 2020 related to a $1.2 million accrual for the termination of a third-party advisor agreement, $0.3 million related to workforce reductions to better align resources with market demand, and $0.1 million related to workforce reductions in our corporate operations. During the first quarter of 2019, we exited a portion of our Lake Oswego, Oregon corporate office resulting in a $0.7 million lease impairment charge on the related operating lease right-of-use asset and leasehold improvements and $0.2 million of accelerated depreciation on ~~related~~ furniture and ~~fixtures. The lease impairment~~fixtures in that office. Additionally, we recognized a $0.2 million restructuring charge ~~was recognized~~related to workforce reductions in ~~accordance with ASC 842,~~ ~~Leases, which we adopted on a modified retrospective basis on J~~our corporate operations.

1411

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

anuary 1, 2019. See Note 2 "Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies" and Note 3 "New Accounting Pronouncements" for additional information on our adoption of ASC 842. See Note 5 "Leases" for additional information on the long-lived asset impairment test performed in the first quarter of 2019. Additionally, we recognized a $0.2 million restructuring charge in the first quarter of 2019 related to workforce reductions in our corporate operations. The $0.7 million restructuring charge incurred in the first three months of 2018 primarily related to updated lease assumptions for our San Francisco office vacated in the second quarter of 2017, which was accounted for in accordance with ASC 840, ~~Leases~~.

The table below sets forth the changes in the carrying amount of our restructuring charge liability by restructuring type for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

Employee Costs Office Space Reductions Total
Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ 443
$ 2,468
$ 2,911
Adoption of ASC 842 ⁽¹⁾
—
(1,119 ) (1,119 )
Balance as of January 1, 2019 443
1,349
1,792
Additions ⁽²⁾
247
289
536
Payments (435 ) (371 ) (806 )
Adjustments⁽³⁾
(2 ) 65
63
Non-cash items —
(249 ) (249 )
Balance as of March 31, 2019 $ 253
$ 1,083
$ 1,336



	Employee Costs			Office Space Reductions		Other			Total
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	68		$	91	$	—		$	159
Additions	411			—		1,188			1,599
Payments	(473		)	—		(67		)	(540		)
Adjustments	8			—		—			8
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	14		$	91	$	1,121		$	1,226


~~(1)~~	Upon adoption of ASC 842 on January 1, 2019, we reclassified the restructuring charge liabilities, which represented the present value of remaining lease payments, net of estimated sublease income, for vacated office spaces from restructuring charge liabilities to operating lease right-of-use assets. See Note 3 "New Accounting Pronouncements" for additional information on the impact of adoption.


~~(2)~~	Additions for the three months ended March 31, 2019 excludes the $0.7 million lease impairment charge recognized as restructuring charges on our consolidated statement of operations. See Note 5 "Leases" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the long-lived asset impairment test performed in the first quarter of 2019.


~~(3)~~	~~Adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 includes restructuring charges of~~ The $0.1 million ~~related to updated operating expense assumptions for vacated office spaces directly related to discontinued operations.~~

~~As of March 31, 2019, our~~ restructuring charge liability related to office space reductions of $1.1 million represented the present value of the remaining estimated operating expense payments for vacated office spaces, primarily in Chicago, Illinois; Washington, D.C.; and Middleton, Wisconsin. This restructuring charge liabilityat March 31, 2020 is included as a component of accrued expenses and other current liabilities and deferred compensation and other liabilities. ~~All of the $0.3 million~~The restructuring charge liability related to employee costs at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 is expected to be paid in the next 12 ~~months. The restructuring charge liability related to employee costs~~months and is included as a component of accrued payroll and related benefits. The $1.1 million restructuring charge liability related to the termination of a third-party advisor agreement at March 31, 2020 is expected to be paid over the next 34 months and is included as a component of accrued expenses and other current liabilities and deferred compensation and other liabilities.

~~10.~~9. Derivative ~~Instrument~~Instruments and Hedging Activity

On June 22, 2017, we entered into a forward interest rate swap agreement effective August 31, 2017 and ending August 31, 2022, with a notional amount of $50.0 million. We entered into this derivative instrument to hedge against the interest rate risks of our variable-rate borrowings. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, we receive from the counterparty interest on the notional amount based on ~~one-month~~one month LIBOR and we pay to the counterparty a fixed rate of 1.900%.

On January 30, 2020, we entered into a forward interest rate swap agreement effective December 31, 2019 and ending December 31, 2024, with a notional amount of $50.0 million. We entered into this derivative instrument to further hedge against the interest rate risks of our variable-rate borrowings. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, we receive from the counterparty interest on the notional amount based on one month LIBOR and we pay to the counterparty a fixed rate of 1.500%.

On March 16, 2020, we entered into a forward interest rate swap agreement effective February 28, 2020 and ending February 28, 2025, with a notional amount of $100.0 million. We entered into this derivative instrument to further hedge against the interest rate risks of our variable-rate borrowings. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, we receive from the counterparty interest on the notional amount based on one month LIBOR and we pay to the counterparty a fixed rate of 0.885%.

We recognize all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities at fair value on the balance sheet. We have designated ~~this~~these derivative ~~instrument~~instruments as a cash flow ~~hedge.~~hedges. Therefore, changes in the fair value of the derivative ~~instrument~~instruments are recorded to other comprehensive income (“OCI”) to the extent effective and reclassified into interest expense upon settlement. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, it was anticipated that ~~$0.2~~$1.4 million of the ~~gains,~~losses, net of tax, currently recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income will be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months.

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The table below sets forth additional information relating to the interest rate ~~swap~~swaps designated as a cash flow hedging instrument as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.



	Fair Value (Derivative Asset and Liability)
Balance Sheet Location	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	1,156	$	159
Deferred compensation and other liabilities	$	1,666	$	387

Fair Value (Derivative Asset and Liability)
Balance Sheet Location March 31,
2019 December 31,
2018
Prepaid expenses and other current assets $ 240
$ 302
Other non-current assets $ 192
$ 451

All of our derivative instruments are transacted under the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) master agreements. These agreements permit the net settlement of amounts owed in the event of default and certain other termination events. Although netting is permitted, it is our policy to record all derivative assets and liabilities on a gross basis on our consolidated balance sheet.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

We do not use derivative instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. Refer to Note 1211 “Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)” for additional information on our derivative ~~instrument.~~instruments.

~~11.~~10. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Certain of our assets and liabilities are measured at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value and requires companies to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy consists of three levels based on the objectivity of the inputs as follows:



Level 1 Inputs		Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 Inputs		Quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 Inputs		Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and include situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The table below sets forth our fair value hierarchy for our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.



	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
March 31, 2020
Assets:
Convertible debt investment	$	—	$	—	$	62,194	$	62,194
Deferred compensation assets	—		24,220		—		24,220
Total assets	$	—	$	24,220	$	62,194	$	86,414
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps	$	—	$	2,822	$	—	$	2,822
Total liabilities	$	—	$	2,822	$	—	$	2,822
December 31, 2019
Assets:
Convertible debt investment	—		—		49,542		49,542
Deferred compensation assets	—		27,445		—		27,445
Total assets	$	—	$	27,445	$	49,542	$	76,987
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	$	—	$	546	$	—	$	546
Total liabilities	$	—	$	546	$	—	$	546

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
March 31, 2019
Assets:
Interest rate swap $ —
$ 432
$ —
$ 432
Convertible debt investment —
—
54,038
54,038
Deferred compensation assets —
23,918
—
23,918
Total assets $ —
$ 24,350
$ 54,038
$ 78,388
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration for business acquisitions $ —
$ —
$ 11,129
$ 11,129
Total liabilities $ —
$ —
$ 11,129
$ 11,129
December 31, 2018
Assets:
Interest rate swap $ —
$ 753
$ —
$ 753
Convertible debt investment —
—
50,429
50,429
Deferred compensation assets —
18,205
—
18,205
Total assets $ —
$ 18,958
$ 50,429
$ 69,387
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration for business acquisitions $ —
$ —
$ 11,441
$ 11,441
Total liabilities $ —
$ —
$ 11,441
$ 11,441

Interest rate ~~swap:~~ swaps: The fair ~~value~~values of our interest rate ~~swap was~~swaps were derived using estimates to settle the interest rate swap ~~agreement,~~agreements, which isare based on the net present value of expected future cash flows on each leg of the ~~swap~~swaps utilizing market-based inputs and a discount rate reflecting the risks involved.

Convertible debt investment: In 2014 and 2015, we invested $27.9 million, in the form of zero coupon convertible debt (the "initial convertible

notes"), in Shorelight Holdings, LLC (“Shorelight”), the parent company of Shorelight, ~~Education,~~ a U.S.-based company that partners with leading nonprofit universities to increase access to and retention of international students, boost institutional growth, and enhance an institution’s global footprint. ~~The~~In the first quarter of 2020, we invested an additional $13.0 million, in the form of 1.69% convertible debt with a senior liquidation preference to the initial convertible notes ~~will mature on July 1, 2020, unless converted earlier.~~(the "additional convertible note"); and amended our initial convertible notes to include a coupon rate of 1.69% and extend the maturity date to January 17, 2024, which coincides with the maturity date of the additional convertible note.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

To determine the appropriate accounting treatment for our investment, we performed a variable interest entity (“VIE”) analysis and concluded that Shorelight does not meet the definition of a VIE. We also reviewed the characteristics of our investment to confirm that the convertible notes are not in-substance common stock that would warrant equity method accounting. After we reviewed all of the terms of the investment, we concluded the appropriate accounting treatment to be that of an available-for-sale debt security.

The ~~convertible debt~~ investment is carried at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive

income. We estimate the fair value of our investment using a scenario-based approach in the form of a hybrid analysis that consists of a Monte Carlo simulation model and an expected return analysis. The conclusion of value for our investment is based on the probability weighted assessment of both scenarios. The hybrid analysis utilizes certain assumptions including the assumed holding period through the maturity date of January 17, 2024, the applicable waterfall distribution at the end of the expected holding period based on the rights and privileges of the various instruments, cash flow projections discounted at athe risk-adjusted rate of 26%, and ~~certain assumptions related to~~the concluded equity volatility ~~and applicable holding period,~~of 42.5%, all of which are Level 3 inputs. The valuation of our investment as of December 31, 2019 takes into consideration the equity value indication as well as the dilutive impact of the convertible debt issued by Shorelight in the first quarter of 2020, the terms of which were known or knowable as of December 31, 2019. The use of alternative estimates and assumptions could increase or decrease the estimated fair value of the investment, which would result in different impacts to our consolidated balance sheet and comprehensive income. Actual results may differ from our estimates. The fair value of the convertible debt investment is recorded in long-term ~~investment~~investments on our consolidated balance sheets.

The table below sets forth the changes in the balance of the convertible debt investment for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.



	Convertible Debt Investment
Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	49,542
Purchases	13,000
Change in fair value of convertible debt investment	(348		)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	62,194

Convertible Debt Investment
Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ 50,429
Change in fair value of convertible debt investment 3,609
Balance as of March 31, 2019 $ 54,038

Deferred compensation assets: We have a non-qualified deferred compensation plan (the "Plan") for the members of our board of directors and a select group of our employees. The deferred compensation liability is funded by the Plan assets, which consist of life insurance policies maintained within a trust. The cash surrender value of the life insurance policies approximates fair value and is based on third-party broker

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

statements which provide the fair value of the life insurance policies' underlying investments, which are Level 2 inputs. The cash surrender value of the life insurance policies is invested primarily in mutual funds. The Plan assets are included in other non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheets. Realized and unrealized gains (losses) from the deferred compensation assets are recorded to other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations.

~~Contingent consideration for business acquisitions:~~ We estimate the fair value of acquisition-related contingent consideration using either a probability-weighted assessment of the specific financial performance targets being achieved or a Monte Carlo simulation model, as appropriate. These fair value measurements are based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of our contingent consideration are our measures of the estimated payouts based on internally generated financial projections on a probability-weighted basis and discount rates, which typically reflect a risk-free rate. The fair value of the contingent consideration is reassessed quarterly based on assumptions used in our latest projections and input provided by practice leaders and management. Any change in the fair value estimate is recorded in our consolidated statement of operations for that period. The use of alternative estimates and assumptions could increase or decrease the estimated fair value of our contingent consideration liability, which would result in different impacts to our consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations. Actual results may differ from our estimates. The table below sets forth the changes in the balance of the contingent consideration for business acquisitions for the three months ended March 31, 2019.

Contingent Consideration for Business Acquisitions
Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ 11,441
Remeasurement of contingent consideration for business acquisitions (391 )
Unrealized loss due to foreign currency translation 79
Balance as of March 31, 2019 $ 11,129

Financial assets and liabilities not recorded at fair value are as follows:

Preferred Stock Investment

In the fourth quarter of 2019, we invested $5.0 million, in the form of preferred stock, in Medically Home Group, Inc. ("Medically Home"), a healthcare technology-enabled services company. To determine the appropriate accounting treatment for our investment, we performed a VIE analysis and concluded that Medically Home does not meet the definition of a VIE. We also reviewed the characteristics of our investment to confirm that the preferred stock is not in-substance common stock that would warrant equity method accounting. After we reviewed all of the terms of the investment, we concluded the appropriate accounting treatment for our investment in Medically Home to be that of an equity security with no readily determinable fair value. We elected to apply the measurement alternative at the time of the purchase and will continue to do so until the investment does not qualify to be so measured. Under the measurement alternative, the investment is carried at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment in Medically Home. On a quarterly basis, we review the information available to determine whether an orderly and observable transaction for the same or similar equity instrument occurred, and remeasure the fair value of the preferred stock using such identified transactions, with changes in the fair value recorded in consolidated statement of operations. Following our purchase, there has been no impairment, nor any observable price changes to our investment.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Senior Secured Credit Facility

The carrying value of our borrowings outstanding under our senior secured credit facility is stated at cost. Our carrying value approximates fair value, using Level 2 inputs, as the senior secured credit facility bears interest at variable rates based on current market rates as set forth in the Amended Credit Agreement. Refer to Note 87 “Financing Arrangements” for additional information on our senior secured credit facility.

Promissory Note due 2024

The carrying value of our promissory note due 2024 is stated at cost. Our carrying value approximates fair value, using Level 2 inputs, as the promissory note bears interest at rates based on current market rates as set forth in the terms of the promissory note. Refer to Note 87 “Financing Arrangements” for additional information on our promissory note due 2024.

~~Convertible Notes~~

~~The carrying amount~~Cash and ~~estimated fair value of the Convertible Notes are as follows:~~

March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018

Carrying
Amount

Estimated
Fair Value
Carrying
Amount Estimated
Fair Value
1.25% convertible senior notes due 2019 $ 245,051
$ 246,190
$ 242,617
$ 242,940

~~The differences between the $250 million principal amount of the Convertible Notes~~Cash Equivalents and the carrying amounts shown above represent the unamortized debt discount and issuance costs. As of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the carrying value of the equity component of $39.3 million was unchanged from the date of issuance. Refer to Note 8 “Financing Arrangements” for additional information on our Convertible Notes. The estimated fair value of the Convertible Notes was determined based on the quoted bid price of the Convertible Notes in an over-the-counter market, which is a Level 2 input, on the last day of trading for the quarters ended March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~Based on the closing price of our common stock of $47.22 on March 31, 2019, the if-converted value of the Convertible Notes was less than the principal amount.~~Other Financial Instruments

Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates fair market value. The carrying values of all other financial instruments not described above reasonably approximate fair market value due to the nature of the financial instruments and the short-term maturity of these items.

~~12.~~11. Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The table below sets forth the components of other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018.~~2019.



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020								Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Before Taxes			Tax (Expense) Benefit		Net of Taxes			Before Taxes			Tax (Expense) Benefit			Net of Taxes
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	(779	)	$	—	$	(779	)	$	316		$	—		$	316
Unrealized gain (loss) on investment	$	(348	)	$	90	$	(258	)	$	3,609		$	(952	)	$	2,657
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Change in fair value	$	(2,272	)	$	590	$	(1,682	)	$	(247	)	$	65		$	(182	)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings	(4		)	1		(3		)	(74		)	19			(55		)
Net unrealized gain (loss)	$	(2,276	)	$	591	$	(1,685	)	$	(321	)	$	84		$	(237	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$	(3,403	)	$	681	$	(2,722	)	$	3,604		$	(868	)	$	2,736

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019 Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
Before
Taxes Tax
(Expense)
Benefit Net of
Taxes Before
Taxes Tax
(Expense)
Benefit Net of
Taxes
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments $ 316
$ —
$ 316
$ 34
$ —
$ 34
Unrealized gain on investment $ 3,609
$ (952 ) $ 2,657
$ 2,927
$ (761 ) $ 2,166
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Change in fair value $ (247 ) $ 65
$ (182 ) $ 545
$ (141 ) $ 404
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (74 ) 19
(55 ) 38
(10 ) 28
Net unrealized gain (loss) $ (321 ) $ 84
$ (237 ) $ 583
$ (151 ) $ 432
Other comprehensive income $ 3,604
$ (868 ) $ 2,736
$ 3,544
$ (912 ) $ 2,632

The before tax amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income related to our cash flow hedges are recorded to interest expense, net of interest income.

Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, includes the following components:



	Foreign Currency Translation			Available-for-Sale Investment			Cash Flow Hedges			Total
Balance, December 31, 2019	$	(566	)	$	15,882		$	(380	)	$	14,936
Current period change	(779		)	(258		)	(1,685		)	(2,722		)
Balance, March 31, 2020	$	(1,345	)	$	15,624		$	(2,065	)	$	12,214

Foreign Currency
Translation
Available-for-Sale Investment Cash Flow Hedges Total
Balance, December 31, 2018 $ (665 ) $ 16,584
$ 576
$ 16,495
Current period change 316
2,657
(237 ) 2,736
Balance, March 31, 2019 $ (349 ) $ 19,241
$ 339
$ 19,231

~~13.~~12. Income Taxes

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

benefit of $0.8 million related to the remeasurement of a portion of our income tax receivable due to the ability to apply the federal net operating loss incurred in 2018 to prior year income for a refund at a higher tax rate in the carryback period.

For the three months ended March 31, 2020, our effective tax rate was 21.0% as we recognized an income tax benefit from continuing operations of $11.2 million on a loss from continuing operations of $53.5 million. The effective tax rate of 21.0% was less favorable than the statutory rate, inclusive of state income taxes, of 26.0% primarily due to certain nondeductible expense items, non-deductible losses on our investments used to fund our deferred compensation liability, and the nondeductible portion of the goodwill impairment charges recorded during the first quarter of 2020. These unfavorable items were partially offset by a discrete tax benefit for share-based compensation awards that vested during the quarter and the discrete tax benefit for the remeasurement of a portion of our income tax receivable as a result of the enactment of the CARES Act in the first quarter of 2020.

For the three months ended March 31, 2019, our effective tax rate was 29.0% as we recognized income tax expense from continuing operations of $1.4 million on income from continuing operations of $4.7 million. The effective tax rate of 29.0% was less favorable than the statutory rate, inclusive of state income taxes, of 26.4% primarily due to ~~$0.5 million of~~ foreign losses with no tax benefit ~~which had an unfavorable impact of 2.9% on the effective tax rate;~~ and ~~$0.1 million of additional tax expense related to~~ disallowed executive compensation ~~deductions, which had an unfavorable impact of 1.8% on the effective tax rate.~~deductions. These unfavorable ~~adjustments to our effective tax rate~~items were partially offset by ~~$0.1 million of~~a discrete tax benefit for share-based compensation awards that vested during the first quarter of ~~2019 and which had a favorable impact of 1.8% on the effective tax rate.~~2019.

For the three months ended March 31, 2018, our effective tax rate was (14.7)% as we recognized income tax expense from continuing operations of $0.4 million on a loss from continuing operations of $2.8 million. The effective tax rate of (14.7)% was less favorable than the statutory rate, inclusive of state income taxes, of 26.0% primarily due to discrete tax expense for share-based compensation awards that vested during the first quarter of 2018 and which had an unfavorable impact of 43.7% on the effective tax rate.

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~14.~~13. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

Litigation

From time to time, we are involved in legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. As of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we are not a party to any litigation or legal proceeding that, in the current opinion of management, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations. However, due to the risks and uncertainties inherent in legal proceedings, actual results could differ from current expected results.

Guarantees

Guarantees in the form of letters of credit totaling $1.6 million and $1.7 million were outstanding at ~~both~~ March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, respectively, primarily to support certain office lease obligations.

In connection with certain business acquisitions, we may be required to pay post-closing consideration to the sellers if specific financial performance targets are met over a number of years as specified in the related purchase agreements. As of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, the total estimated fair value of our contingent consideration ~~liabilities~~liability was ~~$11.1 million and $11.4 million, respectively.~~zero.

To the extent permitted by law, our bylaws and articles of incorporation require that we indemnify our officers and directors against judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement, including attorneys’ fees, incurred in connection with civil or criminal action or proceedings, as it relates to their services to us if such person acted in good faith. Although there is no limit on the amount of indemnification, we may have recourse against our insurance carrier for certain payments made.

~~15.~~14. Segment Information

Segments are defined as components of a company that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses, and for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our chief operating decision maker, who is our chief executive officer, manages the business under ~~three~~3 operating segments, which are our reportable segments: Healthcare, Business Advisory, and Education.

Healthcare

Our Healthcare segment has a depth of expertise in ~~care transformation,~~ financial and operational improvement, care transformation, culture and organizational excellence, strategy, and technology and ~~analytics, and leadership development.~~analytics. We serve national and regional hospitals, ~~and~~ integrated health systems, academic medical centers, community hospitals, and medical groups. Our solutions help clients evolve and adapt to the rapidly changing healthcare environment and achieve growth, optimize performance, enhance profitability, improve quality and clinical outcomes, align leaders, improve organizational culture, and drive physician, patient, and employee engagement across the enterprise to deliver better consumer outcomes.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

We help organizations transform and innovate their delivery model to focus on patient wellness by improving quality outcomes, minimizing care variation and fundamentally improving patient and population health. Our consultants partner with clients to help build and sustain today’s business to invest in the future by reducing complexity, improving operational efficiency and growing market share. We enable the healthcare of the future by identifying, integrating and optimizing technology investments to collect data that transforms care delivery and improves patient outcomes. We also develop future leaders capable of driving meaningful ~~operational~~cultural and organizational change and who transform the consumer experience.

Business Advisory

Our Business Advisory segment provides services to large and middle market organizations, ~~not-for-profit organizations,~~ lending institutions, law firms, investment banks, ~~and~~ private equity ~~firms.~~firms, and not-for-profit organizations, including higher education and healthcare institutions. We assist clients in a broad range of industries and across the spectrum from healthy, well-capitalized companies to organizations in transition, as well as creditors, equity owners, and other key constituents. Our Enterprise Solutions and Analytics experts advise, deliver, and optimize technology and analytic solutions that enable organizations to manage and optimize their financial performance, operational efficiency, and client or stakeholder experience. Our Business Advisory ~~professionals~~experts resolve complex business issues and enhance client enterprise value through a suite of services including capital advisory, transaction advisory, operational improvement, restructuring and turnaround, valuation, and dispute advisory. Our Enterprise Solutions and Analytics professionals deliver technology and analytic solutions that enable organizations to manage and optimize their financial performance, operational efficiency, and client or stakeholder experience. Our Strategy and Innovation professionals collaborate with clients across a range of industries to identify new growth opportunities, build new ventures and capabilities, and accelerate organizational change. Our Life Sciences professionals providestrategic

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~~HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS~~

~~(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

solutions to help pharmaceutical, medical device, and biotechnology companies deliver more value to patients, payers, and providers, and comply with regulations.

Education

Our Education segment provides consulting and technology solutions to higher education institutions and academic medical centers. We ~~partner~~collaborate with clients to address challenges relating to business and technology strategy, financial ~~management,~~and operational ~~and organizational effectiveness,~~excellence, student success, research administration, and regulatory compliance. Our institutional strategy, market research, budgeting and financial management, business operations and student life cycle management solutions align missions with business priorities, improve quality and reduce costs institution-wide. Our student solutions improve attraction, retention and graduation rates, increase student satisfaction and help generate quality outcomes. Our technology strategy, enterprise applications, and analytic solutions transform and optimize operations, deliver time and cost savings, and enhance the student experience. Our research enterprise solutions assist clients in identifying and implementing institutional research strategy, optimizing clinical research operations, improving financial management and cost reimbursement, improving service to faculty, and mitigating risk compliance. Our technology strategy, enterprise applications, and analytic solutions transform and optimize operations, deliver time and cost savings, and enhance the student experience. Our institutional strategy, budgeting and financial management, and business operations align missions with business priorities, improve quality, and reduce costs institution-wide. Our student solutions improve attraction, retention and graduation rates, increase student satisfaction and help generate quality outcomes.

Segment operating income consists of the revenues generated by a segment, less the direct costs of revenue and selling, general and administrative expenses that are incurred directly by the segment. Unallocated corporate costs include costs related to administrative functions that are performed in a centralized manner that are not attributable to a particular segment. These administrative function costs include costs for corporate office support, certain office facility costs, costs relating to accounting and finance, human resources, legal, marketing, information technology, and company-wide business development functions, as well as costs related to overall corporate management.

The table below sets forth information about our operating segments for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, along with the items necessary to reconcile the segment information to the totals reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018
Healthcare:
Revenues $ 93,682
$ 89,895
Operating income $ 27,851
$ 24,460
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues 29.7 % 27.2 %
Business Advisory:
Revenues $ 58,806
$ 55,895
Operating income $ 9,581
$ 8,998
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues 16.3 % 16.1 %
Education:
Revenues $ 51,957
$ 47,889
Operating income $ 12,618
$ 11,425
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues 24.3 % 23.9 %
Total Company:
Revenues $ 204,445
$ 193,679
Reimbursable expenses 18,617
17,619
Total revenues and reimbursable expenses $ 223,062
$ 211,298

Segment operating income $ 50,050
$ 44,883
Items not allocated at the segment level:
Other operating expenses 36,578
32,928
Other losses (gains), net (456 ) 830
Depreciation and amortization 7,172
8,803
Other expense, net 2,041
5,131
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes $ 4,715
$ (2,809 )

2117

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The table below sets forth information about our operating segments for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, along with the items necessary to reconcile the segment information to the totals reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.



	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Healthcare:
Revenues	$	95,578		$	93,682
Operating income	$	24,050		$	27,851
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues	25.2		%	29.7		%
Business Advisory:
Revenues	$	64,905		$	58,806
Operating income	$	9,842		$	9,581
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues	15.2		%	16.3		%
Education:
Revenues	$	62,136		$	51,957
Operating income	$	13,116		$	12,618
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues	21.1		%	24.3		%
Total Company:
Revenues	$	222,619		$	204,445
Reimbursable expenses	19,303			18,617
Total revenues and reimbursable expenses	$	241,922		$	223,062

Segment operating income	$	47,008		$	50,050
Items not allocated at the segment level:
Other operating expenses	27,146			36,578
Litigation and other gains	(150		)	(456		)
Depreciation and amortization	6,047			7,172
Goodwill impairment charges¹	59,816			—
Other expense, net	7,637			2,041
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes	$	(53,488	)	$	4,715


(1)	The goodwill impairment charges are not allocated at the segment level because the underlying goodwill asset is reflective of our corporate investment in the segments. We do not include the impact of goodwill impairment charges in our evaluation of segment performance.

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HURON CONSULTING GROUP INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Tabular amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

The following table illustrates the disaggregation of revenues by billing arrangements, employee types, and timing of revenue recognition, including a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenues to revenues from our three operating segments for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018.~~2019.



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Healthcare		Business Advisory		Education		Total
Billing Arrangements
Fixed-fee	$	55,785	$	25,393	$	13,175	$	94,353
Time and expense	14,733		37,589		43,711		96,033
Performance-based	18,921		646		—		19,567
Software support, maintenance and subscriptions	6,139		1,277		5,250		12,666
Total	$	95,578	$	64,905	$	62,136	$	222,619

Employee Type ⁽¹⁾
Revenue generated by full-time billable consultants	$	65,445	$	61,957	$	53,436	$	180,838
Revenue generated by full-time equivalents	30,133		2,948		8,700		41,781
Total	$	95,578	$	64,905	$	62,136	$	222,619

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Revenue recognized over time	$	94,459	$	64,905	$	62,022	$	221,386
Revenue recognized at a point in time	1,119		—		114		1,233
Total	$	95,578	$	64,905	$	62,136	$	222,619



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Healthcare		Business Advisory		Education		Total
Billing Arrangements
Fixed-fee	$	63,584	$	21,672	$	12,383	$	97,639
Time and expense	12,763		35,309		35,358		83,430
Performance-based	11,810		664		—		12,474
Software support, maintenance and subscriptions	5,525		1,161		4,216		10,902
Total	$	93,682	$	58,806	$	51,957	$	204,445

Employee Type ⁽¹⁾
Revenue generated by full-time billable consultants	$	64,818	$	57,094	$	46,007	$	167,919
Revenue generated by full-time equivalents	28,864		1,712		5,950		36,526
Total	$	93,682	$	58,806	$	51,957	$	204,445

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Revenue recognized over time	$	91,642	$	58,806	$	51,711	$	202,159
Revenue recognized at a point in time	2,040		—		246		2,286
Total	$	93,682	$	58,806	$	51,957	$	204,445

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Healthcare Business Advisory Education Total
Billing Arrangements
Fixed-fee $ 60,269
$ 22,420
$ 11,306
$ 93,995
Time and expense 12,789
31,337
33,442
77,568
Performance-based 10,191
909
—
11,100
Software support, maintenance and subscriptions 6,646
1,229
3,141
11,016
Total $ 89,895
$ 55,895
$ 47,889
$ 193,679

Employee Type ⁽¹⁾

Revenue generated by full-time billable consultants $ 59,273
$ 53,416
$ 41,632
$ 154,321
Revenue generated by full-time equivalents 30,622
2,479
6,257
39,358
Total $ 89,895
$ 55,895
$ 47,889
$ 193,679

Timing of Revenue Recognition
Revenue recognized over time $ 88,341
$ 55,895
$ 46,585
$ 190,821
Revenue recognized at a point in time 1,554
—
1,304
2,858
Total $ 89,895
$ 55,895
$ 47,889
$ 193,679

(1)

Full-time billable consultants consist of our full-time professionals who provide consulting services to our clients and are billable to our clients based on the number of hours worked. Full-time equivalent professionals consist of leadership coaches and their support staff within our ~~Studer Group~~Healthcare Leadership solution, consultants who work variable schedules as needed by our clients, and full-time employees who provide software support and maintenance services to our clients.

At March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, no single client accounted for greater than 10% of our combined balance of receivables from clients, net and unbilled services, ~~balances.~~net. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, no single client generated greater than 10% of our consolidated revenues.

2219

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ITEM 2.	MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

In this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Huron,” “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Huron Consulting Group Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical in nature, including those concerning the Company’s current expectations about its future results, are “forward-looking” statements as defined in Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are identified by words such as “may,” “should,” “expects,” “provides,” “anticipates,” “assumes,” “can,” “will,” “meets,” “could,” “likely,” “intends,” “might,” “predicts,” “seeks,” “would,” “believes,” “estimates,” “plans,” “continues,” “guidance,” or “outlook,” or similar expressions. These forward-looking statements reflect our current expectations about our future requirements and needs, results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements. Some of the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained herein include, without limitation: the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy, our clients and client demand for our services, and our ability to sell and provide services, including the measures taken by governmental authorities and businesses in response to the pandemic, which may cause or contribute to other risks and uncertainties that we face; failure to achieve expected utilization rates, billing rates, and the number of revenue-generating professionals; inability to expand or adjust our service offerings in response to market demands; our dependence on renewal of client-based services; dependence on new business and retention of current clients and qualified personnel; failure to maintain third-party provider relationships and strategic alliances; inability to license technology to and from third parties; the impairment of goodwill; various factors related to income and other taxes; difficulties in successfully integrating the businesses we acquire and achieving expected benefits from such acquisitions; risks relating to privacy, information security, and related laws and standards; and a general downturn in market conditions. These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, including, among others, those described under Item 1A. “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018~~2019 and under Part II, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, that may cause actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any anticipated results, levels of activity, performance, or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. We disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events, or for any other reason.

OVERVIEW

Our Business

We provide professional services through three operating segments: Healthcare, Business Advisory, and Education.

Healthcare

Business Advisory

Our Business Advisory segment provides services to large and middle market organizations, ~~not-for-profit organizations,~~ lending institutions, law firms, investment banks, ~~and~~ private equity ~~firms.~~firms, and not-for-profit organizations, including higher education and healthcare institutions. We assist clients in a broad range of industries and across the spectrum from healthy, well-capitalized companies to organizations in transition, as well as creditors, equity owners, and other key constituents. Our Business Advisory professionals resolve complex business issues and enhance client enterprise value through a suite of services including capital advisory, transaction advisory, operational improvement, restructuring and turnaround, valuation, and dispute advisory. Our Enterprise Solutions and Analytics ~~professionals~~experts advise, deliver, and optimize technology and analytic solutions that enable organizations to manage and optimize their financial performance, operational efficiency, and client or stakeholder experience. Our Business Advisory experts resolve complex business issues and enhance client enterprise value

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through a suite of services including capital advisory, transaction advisory, operational improvement, restructuring and turnaround, valuation, and dispute advisory. Our Strategy and Innovation professionals collaborate with clients across a range of industries to identify new growth opportunities, build new ventures and capabilities, and accelerate organizational change. Our Life Sciences professionals providestrategic solutions to help pharmaceutical, medical device, and biotechnology companies deliver more value to patients, payers, and providers, and comply with regulations.

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Education

Huron is a Platinum level member of the Oracle PartnerNetwork, an Oracle Cloud Premier Partner within North America, a ~~Workday Services Partner, and a~~ Gold level consulting partner with ~~Salesforce.com.~~Salesforce.com and a Workday Services Partner.

Coronavirus (COVID-19)

In each of our segments, we are working closely with our clients to support them and to provide relevant services to address their needs caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, some of the services we provide may be considered by our clients to be more discretionary in nature and the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have a negative impact on the demand for those services. In addition, conditions in the financial markets could limit our access to further capital resources, if needed, and could increase borrowing costs. In order to support our liquidity during the COVID-19 pandemic, we are proactively taking measures to increase available cash on hand including, but not limited to, borrowing under our senior secured credit facility and reducing discretionary operating and capital spending. To further support our liquidity, we have elected to defer the deposit of our employer portion of social security taxes beginning in April 2020 and through the end of the year, which we expect to pay in equal installments in the fourth quarters of 2021 and 2022, as provided for under the CARES Act.

The services provided by our Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units within our Business Advisory segment focus on strategic solutions for healthy, well-capitalized companies to identify new growth opportunities and may be considered by our clients to be more discretionary in nature. As discussed above, the COVID-19 pandemic is expected to have an unfavorable impact on the demand for those services. Based on our internal projections and the preparation of our financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, and considering the expected decrease in demand due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we believed that the fair value of these two reporting units may no longer exceed their carrying values and performed an interim goodwill impairment test on both reporting units. Based on the estimated fair values of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units, we recorded non-cash pretax goodwill impairment charges of $49.9 million and $9.9 million, respectively. We did not identify any indicators that would lead us to believe that the fair values of our Healthcare, Education, and Business Advisory reporting units may not exceed their carrying values. See the "Critical Accounting Policies" section below and Note 4 "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the charges and evaluations performed.

See Part II, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information on the potential impact the COVID-19 pandemic could have on our business, operations and financial results.

How We Generate Revenues

A large portion of our revenues is generated by our full-time consultants who provide consulting services to our clients and are billable to our clients based on the number of hours worked. A smaller portion of our revenues is generated by our other professionals, also referred to as full-time equivalents, some of whom work variable schedules as needed by our clients. Full-time equivalent professionals consist of our ~~leadership~~ coaches and their

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support staff from our ~~Studer Group~~Culture and Organizational Excellence solution, ~~specialized finance and operational~~ consultants who work variable schedules as needed by our clients, employees who provide managed services in our Healthcare segment, and our employees who provide software support and maintenance services to our clients. We translate the hours that these other professionals work on client engagements into a full-time equivalent measure that we use to manage our business. We refer to our full-time consultants and other professionals collectively as revenue-generating professionals.

Revenues generated by our full-time consultants are primarily driven by the number of consultants we employ and their utilization rates, as well as the billing rates we charge our clients. Revenues generated by our other professionals, or full-time equivalents, are largely dependent on the number of consultants we employ, their hours worked, and billing rates charged. Revenues generated by our coaches are largely dependent on the number of coaches we employ and the total value, scope, and terms of the consulting contracts under which they provide services, which are primarily fixed-fee contracts. Revenues generated by our Managed Services solution are dependent on the total value, scope and terms of the related contracts.

We generate our revenues from providing professional services under four types of billing arrangements: fixed-fee (including software license revenue); time-and-expense; performance-based; and software support, maintenance and subscriptions.

In fixed-fee billing arrangements, we agree to a pre-established fee in exchange for a predetermined set of professional services. We set the fees based on our estimates of the costs and timing for completing the engagements. It is the client’s expectation in these engagements that the pre-established fee will not be exceeded except in mutually agreed upon circumstances. We generally recognize revenues under fixed-fee billing arrangements using a proportionate performance approach, which is based on work completed to-date versus our estimates of the total services to be provided under the engagement. Contracts within our ~~Studer Group~~Culture and Organizational Excellence solution include fixed-fee partner contracts with multiple performance obligations, which primarily consist of coaching services, as well as speaking engagements, conferences, publications and software products (“Partner Contracts”). Revenues for coaching services and software products are generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the length of the contract. All other revenues under Partner Contracts, including speaking engagements, conferences and publications, are recognized at the time the goods or services are provided.

Fixed-fee arrangements also include software licenses for our revenue cycle management software and research administration and compliance software. Licenses for our revenue cycle management software are sold only as a component of our consulting projects, and the services we provide are essential to the functionality of the software. Therefore, revenues from these software licenses are recognized over the term of the related consulting services contract. License revenue from our research administration and compliance software is generally recognized in the month in which the software is delivered.

Fixed-fee engagements represented ~~47.8%~~42.4% and ~~48.5%~~47.8% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively.

Time-and-expense billing arrangements require the client to pay based on the number of hours worked by our revenue-generating professionals at agreed upon rates. Time-and-expense arrangements also include certain speaking engagements, conferences and publications purchased by our clients outside of Partner Contracts within our ~~Studer Group~~Culture and Organizational Excellence solution. We recognize revenues under time-and-expense billing arrangements as the related services or publications are provided. Time-and-expense engagements represented ~~40.8%~~43.1% and ~~40.1%~~40.8% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively.

In performance-based fee billing arrangements, fees are tied to the attainment of contractually defined objectives. We enter into performance-based engagements in essentially two forms. First, we generally earn fees that are directly related to the savings formally acknowledged by the client as a result of adopting our recommendations for improving operational and cost effectiveness in the areas we review. Second, we have performance-based engagements in which we earn a success fee when and if certain predefined outcomes occur. Often, performance-based fees supplement our

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~~fixed-fee~~ time-and-expense or ~~time-and-expense~~fixed-fee engagements. We recognize revenues under performance-based billing arrangements by estimating the amount of variable consideration that is probable of being earned and recognizing that estimate over the length of the contract using a proportionate performance approach. Performance-based fee revenues represented ~~6.1%~~8.8% and ~~5.7%~~6.1% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively. The level of performance-based fees earned may vary based on our clients' risk sharing preferences and the mix of services we provide.

Clients that have purchased one of our software licenses can pay an annual fee for software support and maintenance. We also generate subscription revenue from our cloud-based analytic tools and solutions. Software support, maintenance and subscription revenues are recognized ratably over the support or subscription period. These fees are generally billed in advance and included in deferred revenues until recognized. Software support, maintenance and subscription revenues represented ~~5.3%~~5.7% and ~~5.7%~~5.3% of our revenues for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively.

Our quarterly results are impacted principally by our full-time consultants’ utilization rate, the bill rates we charge our clients, and the number of our revenue-generating professionals who are available to work. Our utilization rate can be negatively affected by increased hiring because there is generally a transition period for new professionals that results in a temporary drop in our utilization rate. Our utilization rate can also be affected by seasonal variations in the demand for our services from our clients. For example, during the third and fourth quarters of the year, vacations taken by our clients can result in the deferral of activity on existing and new engagements, which would negatively affect our utilization rate. The number of business work days is also affected by the number of vacation days taken by our consultants and holidays in each quarter. We typically have fewer business work days available in the fourth quarter of the year, which can impact revenues during that period.

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Time-and-expense engagements do not provide us with a high degree of predictability as to performance in future periods. Unexpected changes in the demand for our services can result in significant variations in utilization and revenues and present a challenge to optimal hiring and staffing. Moreover, our clients typically retain us on an engagement-by-engagement basis, rather than under long-term recurring contracts. The volume of work performed for any particular client can vary widely from period to period.

Business Strategy, Opportunities and Challenges

Our primary strategy is to meet the needs of our clients by providing a balanced portfolio of service offerings and capabilities so that we can adapt quickly and effectively to emerging opportunities in the marketplace. To achieve this, we continue to hire highly qualified professionals and have entered into select acquisitions of complementary businesses.

To expand our business, we will remain focused on growing our existing relationships and developing new relationships, executing our managing director compensation plan to attract and retain senior practitioners, continuing to promote and provide an integrated approach to service delivery, broadening the scope of our existing services, and acquiring complementary businesses. We will regularly evaluate the performance of our practices to ensure our investments meet these objectives. Furthermore, we intend to enhance our visibility in the marketplace by refining our overarching messaging and value propositions for the organization as well as each practice. We will continue to focus on reaching our client base through clear, concise, and endorsed messages.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, selected segment and consolidated operating results and other operating data.


Segment and Consolidated Operating Results (in thousands, except per share amounts):	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Healthcare:
Revenues	$	93,682		$	89,895		$	95,578		$	93,682
Operating income	$	27,851		$	24,460		$	24,050		$	27,851
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues	29.7		%	27.2		%	25.2		%	29.7		%
Business Advisory:
Revenues	$	58,806		$	55,895		$	64,905		$	58,806
Operating income	$	9,581		$	8,998		$	9,842		$	9,581
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues	16.3		%	16.1		%	15.2		%	16.3		%
Education:
Revenues	$	51,957		$	47,889		$	62,136		$	51,957
Operating income	$	12,618		$	11,425		$	13,116		$	12,618
Segment operating income as a percentage of segment revenues	24.3		%	23.9		%	21.1		%	24.3		%
Total Company:
Revenues	$	204,445		$	193,679		$	222,619		$	204,445
Reimbursable expenses	18,617			17,619			19,303			18,617
Total revenues and reimbursable expenses	$	223,062		$	211,298		$	241,922		$	223,062
Statements of Operations reconciliation:
Segment operating income	$	50,050		$	44,883		$	47,008		$	50,050
Items not allocated at the segment level:
Other operating expenses	36,578			32,928			27,146			36,578
Other losses (gains), net	(456		)	830
Litigation and other gains							(150		)	(456		)
Depreciation and amortization	7,172			8,803			6,047			7,172
Operating income	6,756			2,322
Goodwill impairment charges ⁽¹⁾							59,816			—
Operating income (loss)							(45,851		)	6,756
Other expense, net	(2,041		)	(5,131		)	(7,637		)	(2,041		)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes	4,715			(2,809		)	(53,488		)	4,715
Income tax expense	1,365			413
Income tax expense (benefit)							(11,215		)	1,365
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	3,350		$	(3,222	)	$	(42,273	)	$	3,350
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations:
Basic	$	0.15		$	(0.15	)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Diluted	$	0.15		$	(0.15	)	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15

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	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
Other Operating Data:	2019			2018			2020			2019
Number of full-time billable consultants (at period end) ⁽¹⁾:
Number of full-time billable consultants (at period end) ⁽²⁾:
Healthcare	836			792			892			836
Business Advisory	864			783			916			864
Education	649			568			791			649
Total	2,349			2,143			2,599			2,349
Average number of full-time billable consultants (for the period) ⁽¹⁾:
Average number of full-time billable consultants (for the period) ⁽²⁾:
Healthcare	819			780			897			819
Business Advisory	839			784			920			839
Education	631			562			778			631
Total	2,289			2,126			2,595			2,289
Full-time billable consultant utilization rate ⁽²⁾:
Full-time billable consultant utilization rate ⁽³⁾:
Healthcare	78.6		%	81.3		%	71.6		%	78.6		%
Business Advisory	73.1		%	69.1		%	71.5		%	73.1		%
Education	76.4		%	75.0		%	76.2		%	76.4		%
Total	75.9		%	75.1		%	72.9		%	75.9		%
Full-time billable consultant average billing rate per hour ⁽³⁾:
Full-time billable consultant average billing rate per hour ⁽⁴⁾:
Healthcare	$	224		$	202		$	228		$	224
Business Advisory ⁽⁴⁾⁽⁵⁾	$	200		$	209		$	198		$	200
Education	$	204		$	207		$	188		$	204
Total ⁽⁴⁾⁽⁵⁾	$	210		$	206		$	204		$	210
Revenue per full-time billable consultant (in thousands):
Healthcare	$	79		$	76		$	73		$	79
Business Advisory	$	68		$	68		$	67		$	68
Education	$	73		$	74		$	69		$	73
Total	$	73		$	73		$	70		$	73
Average number of full-time equivalents (for the period) ⁽⁵⁾:
Average number of full-time equivalents (for the period) ⁽⁶⁾:
Healthcare	223			208			278			223
Business Advisory	8			16			20			8
Education	36			40			60			36
Total	267			264			358			267
Revenue per full-time equivalent (in thousands):
Healthcare	$	129		$	148		$	108		$	129
Business Advisory	$	206		$	153		$	149		$	206
Education	$	166		$	155		$	144		$	166
Total	$	137		$	149		$	117		$	137


(1)	The non-cash goodwill impairment charges are not allocated at the segment level because the underlying goodwill asset is reflective of our corporate investment in the segments. We do not include the impact of goodwill impairment charges in our evaluation of segment performance.


(2)	Consists of our full-time professionals who provide consulting services and generate revenues based on the number of hours worked.


~~(2)~~(3)	Utilization rate for our full-time billable consultants is calculated by dividing the number of hours our full-time billable consultants worked on client assignments during a period by the total available working hours for these consultants during the same period, assuming a forty-hour work week, less paid holidays and vacation days.


~~(3)~~(4)	Average billing rate per hour for our full-time billable consultants is calculated by dividing revenues for a period by the number of hours worked on client assignments during the same period.

~~(4)~~(5)

~~Beginning in~~The Business Advisory segment includes operations of Huron Eurasia India. Absent the ~~third quarter~~impact of ~~2018,~~Huron Eurasia India, the average billing rate per hour ~~excludes~~for the ~~number of hours charged on internal assignments by consultants within Huron Eurasia India to provide a more meaningful average billing rate charged to external clients. Prior year periods~~Business Advisory segment would have been ~~revised~~$224 and $223 for ~~consistent presentation.~~the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Absent the impact of Huron Eurasia India, Huron's consolidated average billing rate per hour would have been $213 and $218 for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

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~~(5)~~(6)	Consists of ~~leadership~~ coaches and their support staff within ~~the Studer Group~~our Culture and Organizational Excellence solution, consultants who work variable schedules as needed by our clients, employees who provide managed services in our Healthcare segment, and full-time employees who provide software support and maintenance services to our clients.

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Non-GAAP Measures

We also assess our results of operations using certain non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures differ from GAAP because the non-GAAP financial measures we calculate to measure earnings (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"), adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenues, adjusted net income from continuing operations, and adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations exclude a number of items required by GAAP, each discussed below. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for or superior to, any measure of performance, cash flows, or liquidity prepared in accordance with GAAP. Our non-GAAP financial measures may be defined differently from time to time and may be defined differently than similar terms used by other companies, and accordingly, care should be exercised in understanding how we define our non-GAAP financial measures.

Our management uses the non-GAAP financial measures to gain an understanding of our comparative operating performance, for example when comparing such results with previous periods or forecasts. These non-GAAP financial measures are used by management in their financial and operating decision making because management believes they reflect our ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful period-to-period comparisons. Management also uses these non-GAAP financial measures when publicly providing our business outlook, for internal management purposes, and as a basis for evaluating potential acquisitions and dispositions. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating Huron’s current operating performance and future prospects in the same manner as management does and in comparing in a consistent manner Huron’s current financial results with Huron’s past financial results.

The reconciliations of these financial measures from GAAP to non-GAAP are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Revenues	$	204,445		$	193,679		$	222,619		$	204,445
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	3,350		$	(3,222	)	$	(42,273	)	$	3,350
Add back:
Income tax expense	1,365			413
Income tax expense (benefit)							(11,215		)	1,365
Interest expense, net of interest income	4,258			4,986			2,341			4,258
Depreciation and amortization	8,289			10,021			7,415			8,289
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)	17,262			12,198
Earnings (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA)							(43,732		)	17,262
Add back:
Restructuring charges	1,275			712
Other losses (gains), net	(456		)	830
Foreign currency transaction gains, net	(82		)	(53		)
Restructuring and other charges							2,458			1,275
Litigation and other gains							(150		)	(456		)
Goodwill impairment charges							59,816			—
Loss on sale of business							102			—
Foreign currency transaction losses (gains), net							520			(82		)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	17,999		$	13,687		$	19,014		$	17,999
Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenues	8.8		%	7.1		%	8.5		%	8.8		%

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Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018
Net income (loss) from continuing operations $ 3,350
$ (3,222 )
Weighted average shares - diluted 22,311
21,592
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations $ 0.15
$ (0.15 )
Add back:
Amortization of intangible assets 4,517
6,303
Restructuring charges 1,275
712
Other losses (gains), net (456 ) 830
Non-cash interest on convertible notes 2,120
2,021
Tax effect (1,953 ) (2,565 )
Tax expense related to the enactment of Tax Cut and Jobs Act of 2017 —
132
Total adjustments, net of tax 5,503
7,433
Adjusted net income from continuing operations $ 8,853
$ 4,211
Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted 22,311
21,813
Adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations $ 0.40
$ 0.19

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	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019
Net income (loss) from continuing operations	$	(42,273	)	$	3,350
Weighted average shares - diluted	21,827			22,311
Diluted earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations	$	(1.94	)	$	0.15
Add back:
Amortization of intangible assets	3,209			4,517
Restructuring and other charges	2,458			1,275
Litigation and other gains	(150		)	(456		)
Goodwill impairment charges	59,816			—
Non-cash interest on convertible notes	—			2,120
Loss on sale of business	102			—
Tax effect of adjustments	(13,409		)	(1,953		)
Total adjustments, net of tax	52,026			5,503
Adjusted net income from continuing operations	$	9,753		$	8,853
Weighted average shares - diluted	22,329			22,311
Adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations	$	0.44		$	0.40

These non-GAAP financial measures include adjustments for the following items:

Amortization of intangible assets: We have excluded the effect of amortization of intangible assets from the calculation of adjusted net income from continuing operations presented above. Amortization of intangible assets is inconsistent in its amount and frequency and is significantly affected by the timing and size of our acquisitions.

Restructuring and other charges: We have incurred charges due to the restructuring of various parts of our business. These restructuring charges have primarily consisted of costs associated with office space consolidations, including lease impairment charges and accelerated depreciation on lease-related property and equipment, and severance charges. Additionally, during the first quarter of 2020, we have excluded the effect of a $0.8 million one-time charge related to redundant administrative costs in our corporate operations which is recorded within selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statement of operations. We have excluded the effect of the restructuring and other charges from our non-GAAP measures ~~because the amount of each restructuring charge is significantly affected by the timing and size of the restructured business or component of a business.~~

~~Other losses (gains), net:~~ ~~We have excluded the effects of other losses (gains), net which primarily consist of remeasurement losses (gains) related to contingent acquisition liabilities~~ to permit comparability with periods that were not impacted by these items.

Litigation and other gains: We have excluded the effects of the litigation settlement gain recognized in the first quarter of 2020 and the remeasurement gain recognized in the first quarter of 2019 to decrease the estimated fair value of our liabilities for contingent consideration payments related to business acquisitions to permit comparability with periods that were not impacted by these items.

Goodwill impairment charges: We have excluded the effect of the goodwill impairment charges recognized in the first quarter of 2020 as these are infrequent events and their exclusion permits comparability with periods that were not impacted by such charges.

Non-cash interest on convertible notes: We ~~incur~~incurred non-cash interest expense relating to the implied value of the equity conversion component of our Convertible Notes. The value of the equity conversion component iswas treated as a debt discount and amortized to interest expense over the life of the Convertible Notes using the effective interest rate method. We exclude this non-cash interest expense that does not represent cash interest payments from the calculation of adjusted net income from continuing operations as management believes that this non-cash expense is not indicative of the ongoing performance of our business.

Loss on sale of business: We excluded the effect of the loss on sale of a software-based solution within our Business Advisory segment in the first quarter of 2020. Divestitures of businesses are infrequent and are not indicative of the ongoing performance of our business.

Foreign currency transaction ~~gains,~~losses (gains), net: We have excluded the effect of foreign currency transaction losses and gains from the calculation of adjusted EBITDA because the amount of each loss or gain is significantly affected by ~~timing and~~ changes in foreign exchange rates.

Tax ~~effect:~~effect of adjustments: The non-GAAP income tax adjustment reflects the incremental tax impact applicable to the non-GAAP adjustments.

~~Tax expense related to the enactment of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("2017 Tax Reform"):~~ We have excluded the impact of the 2017 Tax Reform, which was enacted in the fourth quarter of 2017. In the first quarter of 2018, we recorded an adjustment to our estimated one-time income tax expense related to the transition tax on accumulated foreign earnings. The exclusion of the 2017 Tax Reform impact permits comparability with periods that were not impacted by this item.

Income tax expense, Interest expense, net of interest income, Depreciation and amortization: We have excluded the effects of income tax expense, interest expense, net of interest income, and depreciation and amortization in the calculation of EBITDA as these are customary exclusions as defined by the calculation of EBITDA to arrive at meaningful earnings from core operations excluding the effect of such items.

Adjusted weighted average shares - diluted:As we reported a net loss for the first three months ~~ended March 31, 2018,~~of 2020, GAAP diluted weighted average shares outstanding equals the basic weighted average shares outstanding for that period. ~~For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the~~The non-GAAP adjustments described above resulted in adjusted

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net income from continuing ~~operations.~~operations for the first quarter of 2020. Therefore, we included the dilutive common stock equivalents in the calculation of adjusted diluted weighted average shares outstanding for that period.

Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2018~~2019

Revenues

Revenues increased ~~$10.8~~$18.2 million, or ~~5.6%~~8.9%, to $222.6 million for the first three months of 2020 from $204.4 million for the first three months of ~~2019 from $193.7 million for the first three months of 2018.~~2019. Of the overall ~~$10.8~~$18.2 million increase in revenues, ~~$13.6~~$12.9 million was attributable to an increase in revenues from our full-time billable consultants ~~partially offset by a $2.8~~and $5.3 million ~~decrease in revenues~~was attributable to our full-time equivalents.

The increase in full-time billable consultant revenues was attributable to strengthened demand for services in all of our segments, as discussed below in Segment Results; and reflected ~~increases~~an overall increase in the average number of full-time billable consultants, partially offset by overall decreases in the consultant utilization rate and the average billing rate during the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 compared to the same prior year period.

The ~~decrease~~increase in full-time equivalent revenues was attributable to ~~decreases~~increases in full-time equivalent revenues in all of our segments, as discussed below in Segment Results; and reflected an overall ~~decrease in revenue per full-time equivalent, partially offset by an overall~~ increase in the average number of full-time ~~equivalents.~~equivalents, partially offset by an overall decrease in revenue per full-time equivalent.

While the COVID-19 pandemic did not have a significant impact on our consolidated revenues in the first quarter of 2020, we expect it to have an unfavorable impact on sales and business development activities and full year 2020 results. Additionally, we expect a decrease in the demand for the services we provide that may be considered by our clients to be more discretionary in nature. However, given the dynamic nature of these circumstances, the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our consolidated revenues is uncertain at this time.

Total Direct Costs

Our total direct costs, including amortization of intangible assets and software development costs, increased ~~$4.9~~$18.7 million, or ~~3.7%~~13.4%, to $157.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, from $138.9 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, from $134.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The overall ~~$4.9~~$18.7 million increase primarily related to a ~~$3.1~~$15.3 million increase in salaries and related expenses for our revenue-generating professionals, which was largely driven by increased headcount in all our ~~Education and Business Advisory segments, and~~segments; a $2.3 million increase in share-based compensation expense for our revenue-generating professionals; a $1.2 million increase in ~~performance bonus expense for our revenue-generating professionals.~~contractor expenses; and a $0.7 million increase in technology expenses. As a percentage of revenues, our total direct costs ~~decreased~~increased to 70.8% during the first three months of 2020 compared to 67.9% during the first three months of 2019 ~~compared to 69.2% during the first three months of 2018~~ primarily due to ~~revenue growth that outpaced~~ the ~~increase~~increases in salaries and related expenses and share-based compensation for our revenue-generating professionals, ~~and~~both as percentages of revenues, partially offset by a decrease in ~~contractor expenses. These decreases to direct costs as a percentage of revenues were~~

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~~partially offset by increases in signing, retention and other~~performance bonus expense for our revenue-generating ~~professionals and project costs, as percentages of revenues, for the first three months of 2019 compared to the same prior year period.~~professionals.

Total direct costs for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 included ~~$1.1~~$1.3 million of amortization expense for internal software development costs and intangible assets, compared to ~~$1.2~~$1.1 million of amortization expense for the same prior year period. The $0.1 million decrease in amortization expense was primarily attributable to certain intangible assets acquired in our Studer Group acquisition which were fully amortized, largely offset by an increase in amortization for internal software development costs. Intangible asset amortization included within direct costs ~~primarily relates~~for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 related to technology and software, certain customer relationships, ~~publishing content~~ and customer contracts acquired in connection with our business acquisitions. See Note 4 "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information about our intangible assets.

Operating Expenses and Other Losses (Gains), Net

Selling, general and administrative expenses ~~increased $3.7~~decreased $7.3 million, or ~~7.8%~~14.4%, to $43.4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2020, from $50.7 million in the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, from $47.1~~2019. Of the overall $7.3 million decrease, $6.9 million was attributable to the change in the ~~three months ended March 31, 2018. The overall $3.7~~market value of our deferred compensation liability, resulting from a $4.7 million decrease in the market value during the first quarter of 2020, compared to a $2.2 million increase ~~was primarily related to~~in the market value during the first quarter of 2019. Additional decreases include a ~~$3.3~~$2.3 million decrease in performance bonus expense for our support personnel; a $1.0 million decrease in facilities expense; a $0.7 million decrease in third-party consulting expenses; a $0.4 million decrease in training expenses; and a $0.4 million decrease in recruiting expenses. These decreases were partially offset by a $1.8 million increase in salaries and related expenses for our support ~~personnel,~~personnel; a ~~$0.5~~$1.0 million increase in ~~computer~~practice administration and ~~related equipment expenses, and~~meetings expenses; a ~~$0.4~~$0.8 million increase in share-based compensation expense for our support ~~personnel. These increases were partially offset by~~personnel; and a ~~$0.3~~$0.8 million ~~decrease~~increase in ~~accounting, tax~~data hosting and ~~audit fees.~~software related expenses. As a percentage of revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses ~~increased~~decreased to 19.5% during the first quarter of 2020 compared to 24.8% during the first ~~three months~~quarter of ~~2019 compared to 24.3% during the first three months of 2018,~~2019. This decrease was primarily ~~due~~attributable to the ~~increase~~decreases in ~~salaries and related expenses~~the market value of our deferred compensation liability, performance bonus expense for our support personnel, ~~as a percentage of revenues.~~and facilities expenses.

Restructuring charges for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 totaled ~~$1.3~~$1.6 million, compared to ~~$0.7~~$1.3 million for the first three months of ~~2018.~~2019. The $1.6 million restructuring charge incurred in the first quarter of 2020 primarily related to a $1.2 million accrual for the termination of a third-party advisor agreement; $0.3 million related to workforce reductions to better align resources with market demand; and $0.1 million related to workforce reductions in our corporate operations. During the first quarter of 2019, we exited a portion of our Lake Oswego, Oregon corporate office resulting in a $0.7 million lease impairment charge on the related operating lease right-of-use ~~("ROU")~~ asset and leasehold improvements and $0.2 million of accelerated depreciation on ~~related~~ furniture and ~~fixtures. The lease impairment charge was recognized~~fixtures in ~~accordance with ASC 842,~~ ~~Leases~~, which we adopted on a modified retrospective basis on January 1, 2019. See Note 2 "Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies" and Note 3 "New Accounting Pronouncements" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on our adoption of ASC 842. See Note 5 "Leases" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the long-lived asset impairment test performed in the first quarter of 2019.that office. Additionally, we recognized a $0.2 million restructuring charge ~~in the first quarter of 2019~~ related to workforce reductions in

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our corporate operations. The $0.7 million restructuring charge incurred in the first three months of 2018 primarily related to updated lease assumptions for our San Francisco office vacated in the second quarter of 2017, which was accounted for in accordance with ASC 840, ~~Leases~~. See Note 98 "Restructuring Charges" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on our restructuring charges.

Litigation and other gains totaled $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, which consisted of a litigation settlement gain for the resolution of a claim that was settled in the first quarter of 2020. Other ~~losses (gains), net~~gains totaled ~~a gain of~~ $0.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, which primarily consisted of a $0.4 million remeasurement gain to decrease the estimated fair value of our liabilities for contingent consideration payments related to business acquisitions. ~~Other losses (gains)~~

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $1.1 million, or 14.8%, ~~net totaled a loss of $0.8~~to $6.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, which represented increases in the estimated fair value of our liabilities for contingent consideration payments related to business acquisitions. In connection with certain business acquisitions, we may be required to pay post-closing consideration to the sellers if specific financial performance targets are met over a number of years as specified in the related purchase agreements. See Note 11 "Fair Value of Financial Instruments" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities.

~~Depreciation and amortization expense decreased by $1.6 million to~~2020, from $7.2 million infor the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, from $8.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in amortization expense for the trade name acquired in our Studer Group acquisition that was fully amortized in the fourth quarter of 2019; decreasing amortization expense for customer relationships due to the accelerated basis of amortization in prior periods, including the ~~trade name and~~ customer relationships acquired in our Studer Group ~~acquisition as well as certain~~acquisition; and customer relationships acquired in other business acquisitions ~~due to the accelerated basis of amortization~~that were fully amortized in prior periods. Intangible asset amortization included within operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 primarily ~~relates~~related to certain customer relationships, trade names and non-competition agreements acquired in connection with our business acquisitions. See Note 4 "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information about our intangible assets.

During the first quarter of 2020, we recorded $59.8 million of non-cash pretax goodwill impairment charges related to our Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units within our Business Advisory segment; primarily related to the expected decline in sales and business development activities and a decrease in the demand for the services these reporting units provide that may be considered by our clients to be more discretionary in nature, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. These charges are non-cash in nature and do not affect our liquidity or debt covenants. See the "Critical Accounting Policies" section below and Note 4 "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the charges.

Operating Income

Operating income ~~increased $4.4~~decreased $52.6 million to a loss of $45.9 million in the first three months of 2020 from operating income of $6.8 million in the first three months of ~~2019 from $2.3~~2019. This decrease is primarily attributable to the $59.8 million of non-cash pretax goodwill impairment charges related to our Business Advisory segment that were recognized in the first ~~three months~~quarter of ~~2018.~~2020. See the "Critical Accounting Policies" section below and Note 4 "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the non-cash goodwill impairment charges. Operating margin, which is defined as operating income expressed as a percentage of revenues, ~~increased~~decreased to (20.6)% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to an operating margin of 3.3% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, compared to 1.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The ~~increase~~decrease in operating margin was primarily attributable to the ~~revenue growth that outpaced~~goodwill impairment charges, as well as the ~~increase~~increases in salaries and related expenses and share-based compensation expense for our revenue-generating professionals, ~~the decrease in intangible asset amortization expense, and the remeasurement gain recognized in the first quarter~~as percentages of ~~2019 related to our liabilities for contingent consideration compared to the remeasurement loss recognized in the first quarter of 2018.~~revenues. These ~~increases~~decreases to the operating margin were partially offset by the ~~increase~~decreases in ~~salaries and related expenses~~the market value of our deferred compensation liability, performance bonus expense for both our support personnel ~~as a percentage of revenues, during the first three months of 2019 compared to the same prior year period.~~

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and revenue-generating professionals, intangible asset amortization expense, and facilities expenses.

Other Expense, Net

Total other expense, net ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$3.1~~$5.6 million to $7.6 million in the first three months of 2020 from $2.0 million in the first three months of ~~2019 from $5.1 million in the first three months of 2018.~~2019. The ~~decrease~~increase in total other expense, net was primarily attributable to a ~~$2.1~~$4.7 million ~~gain in~~loss recognized during the first three months of 2020 for the market value of our investments that are used to fund our deferred compensation liability, compared to a ~~$0.2~~gain of $2.1 million ~~loss~~gain during the first three months of 2019. Additionally, total other expense, net includes the recognition of $0.5 million of foreign currency transaction losses in the ~~same prior year period, and a $0.7~~first three months of 2020 compared to $0.1 million ~~decrease~~of foreign currency transaction gains recognized in ~~interest~~the first three months of 2019.

Interest expense, net of interest income decreased $1.9 million to $2.3 million in the first ~~quarter~~three months of 2020 from $4.3 million in the first three months of 2019, ~~compared~~primarily attributable to the ~~first quarter~~maturity of ~~2018. The decrease in interest expense was due to lower~~our Convertible Notes on October 1, 2019, partially offset by higher levels of borrowing under our credit facility during the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 compared to the same prior year ~~period,~~period. See Note 7 "Financing Arrangements" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information about our Convertible Notes and credit facility.

Income Tax Expense

On March 27, 2020, the President of the United States signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). The CARES Act is an approximately $2 trillion emergency economic stimulus package in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, which among other items, includes income tax provisions relating to net operating loss carryback periods and technical corrections to tax depreciation methods for qualified improvement property. As a result of the enactment of this legislation during the first quarter of 2020, we recorded a tax benefit of $0.8 million related to the remeasurement of a portion of our income tax receivable due to the ability to apply the federal net operating loss incurred in 2018 to prior year income for a refund at a higher tax rate in the carryback period.

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inclusive of state income taxes, of 26.0% primarily due to certain nondeductible expense items, non-deductible losses on our investments used to fund our deferred compensation liability, and the nondeductible portion of the goodwill impairment charges recorded during the first quarter of 2020. These unfavorable items were partially offset by ~~higher interest rates~~a discrete tax benefit for share-based compensation awards that vested during the quarter and the discrete tax benefit for the remeasurement of a portion of our income tax receivable as a result of the enactment of the CARES Act during the first ~~three months~~quarter of ~~2019 compared to the same prior year period.~~

~~Income Tax Expense~~2020.

For the three months ended March 31, 2018, our effective tax rate was (14.7)% as we recognized income tax expense from continuing operations of $0.4 million on a loss from continuing operations of $2.8 million. The effective tax rate of (14.7)% was less favorable than the statutory rate inclusive of state income taxes, of 26.0% primarily due to discrete tax expense for share-based compensation awards that vested during the quarter and which had an unfavorable impact of 43.7% on the effective tax rate.2019.

Net Income ~~(Loss)~~ from Continuing Operations

Net income from continuing operations ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$6.6~~$45.6 million to ~~$3.4~~a net loss from continuing operations of $42.3 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, from a net ~~loss~~income from continuing operations of ~~$3.2~~$3.4 million for the same prior year period. This decrease is primarily attributable to the $59.8 million of non-cash pretax goodwill impairment charges related to our Business Advisory segment. As a result of the ~~increase~~decrease in net income from continuing operations, diluted ~~earnings~~loss per share from continuing operations for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 was ~~$0.15~~$1.94 compared to diluted ~~loss~~earnings per share from continuing operations of $0.15 for the first three months of ~~2018.~~2019. The non-cash goodwill impairment charges had a $2.19 unfavorable impact on diluted earnings per share from continuing operations for the first quarter of 2020.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

EBITDA ~~increased $5.1~~decreased $61.0 million to a loss of $43.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, from earnings of $17.3 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, from $12.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. Adjusted EBITDA increased ~~$4.3~~$1.0 million to $19.0 million in the first three months of 2020 from $18.0 million in the first three months of ~~2019 from $13.7~~2019. The decrease in EBITDA was primarily attributable to the non-cash goodwill impairment charges of $59.8 million recognized in the first ~~three months~~quarter of ~~2018.~~2020. The ~~increases~~increase in ~~EBITDA and~~ adjusted EBITDA ~~were~~was primarily attributable to the increase in revenues ~~partially~~and the decrease in performance bonus expense for our support personnel; largely offset by the increases in salaries and related expenses ~~for both our support personnel~~ and ~~our revenue-generating professionals and performance bonus~~share-based compensation expense for our revenue-generating ~~professionals.~~professionals in the first three months of 2020 compared to the same prior year period.

Adjusted Net Income from Continuing Operations

Adjusted net income from continuing operations increased ~~$4.6~~$0.9 million to $9.8 million in the first three months of 2020 compared to $8.9 million in the first three months of ~~2019 compared to $4.2 million in the first three months of 2018.~~2019. As a result of the increase in adjusted net income from continuing operations, adjusted diluted earnings per share from continuing operations for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 was ~~$0.40~~$0.44 compared to ~~$0.19~~$0.40 for the first three months of ~~2018.~~2019.

Segment Results

Healthcare

Revenues

Healthcare segment revenues increased ~~$3.8~~$1.9 million, or ~~4.2%~~2.0%, to $95.6 million for the first three months of 2020 from $93.7 million for the first three months of ~~2019 from $89.9 million for the first three months of 2018.~~2019.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, revenues from fixed-fee engagements; time-and-expense engagements; performance-based arrangements; and software support, maintenance and subscription arrangements represented ~~67.9%~~58.4%, ~~13.6%~~15.4%, ~~12.6%~~19.8%, and ~~5.9%~~6.4% of this segment’s revenues, respectively, compared to ~~67.0%~~67.9%, ~~14.2%~~13.6%, ~~11.4%~~12.6%, and ~~7.4%~~5.9% of this segment’s revenues, respectively, for the same prior year period. Performance-based fee revenue was $18.9 million during the first three months of 2020, compared to $11.8 million during the first three months of ~~2019, compared to $10.2 million during the first three months of 2018.~~2019. The level of performance-based fees earned may vary based on our clients’ risk sharing preferences and the mix of services we provide.

Of the overall ~~$3.8~~$1.9 million increase in revenues, ~~$5.5~~$1.3 million was attributable to an increase in revenues from our full-time equivalents and $0.6 million was attributable to our full-time billable ~~consultants, partially offset by a $1.8 million decrease~~consultants. The increase in revenues attributable to our full-time ~~equivalents.~~equivalents reflected an increase in the average number of full-time equivalents, partially offset by a decrease in revenue per full-time equivalent in the first three months of 2020 compared to the same prior year period. The increase in revenues attributable to our full-time billable consultants reflected increases in the average ~~billing rate and the average~~ number of full-time billable consultants and the average billing rate, partially offset by a

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decrease in the consultant utilization ~~rate. The decrease in revenues attributable to our full-time equivalents reflected a decrease in revenue per full-time equivalent, partially offset by an increase~~rate in the ~~average number~~first three months of ~~full-time equivalents.~~2020 compared to the same prior year period.

Operating Income

Healthcare segment operating income ~~increased $3.4~~decreased $3.8 million, or ~~13.9%~~13.6%, to $24.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, from $27.9 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, from $24.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The Healthcare segment operating margin ~~increased~~decreased to ~~29.7%~~25.2% for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 from ~~27.2%~~29.7% in the same period last year. The ~~increase~~decrease in this segment’s operating margin was primarily attributable to ~~decreases~~increases in salaries and

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related expenses for our revenue-generating professionals ~~which included an increase in capitalization~~and share-based compensation expense for our revenue generating professionals both as a percentage of ~~salaries and related expenses related to internal software development projects, and contractor expense;~~revenues, partially offset by ~~increases~~a decrease in ~~salaries and related expenses~~performance bonus expense for our ~~support personnel, practice administration and meetings expense and project costs, all as percentages of revenues.~~revenue-generating professionals.

Business Advisory

Revenues

Business Advisory segment revenues increased ~~$2.9~~$6.1 million, or ~~5.2%~~10.4%, to $64.9 million for the first three months of 2020 from $58.8 million for the first three months of ~~2019 from $55.9 million for the first three months of 2018.~~2019.

During the first three months of ~~2019,~~2020, revenues from fixed-fee engagements; time-and-expense engagements; performance-based arrangements; and software support, maintenance and subscription arrangements represented ~~36.9%~~39.1%, ~~60.0%~~57.9%, ~~1.1%~~1.0%, and 2.0% of this segment’s revenues, respectively, compared to ~~40.1%~~36.9%, ~~56.1%~~60.0%, ~~1.6%~~1.1%, and ~~2.2%~~2.0% of this segment’s revenues, respectively, during the same prior year period. Performance-based fee revenue was $0.6 million for the first three months of 2020, compared to $0.7 million for the first three months of ~~2019, compared to $0.9 million for the first three months of 2018.~~2019. The level of performance-based fees earned may vary based on our clients’ preferences and the mix of services we provide.

Of the overall ~~$2.9~~$6.1 million increase in revenues, ~~$3.7~~$4.9 million was attributable to ~~an increase in~~ revenues ~~from~~generated by our full-time billable consultants ~~partially offset by a $0.8~~and $1.2 million ~~decrease in revenues~~was attributable to our full-time equivalents. The increase in revenues from our full-time billable consultants was primarily driven by ~~increases~~an increase in ~~the consultant utilization rate and~~ the average number of full-time billable consultants, partially offset by ~~a decrease~~decreases in the consultant utilization rate and the average billing ~~rate.~~rate in the first three months of 2020 compared to the same prior year period. The ~~decrease~~increase in revenues from our full-time equivalents was driven by ~~a decreased~~an increased use of ~~contractors and our part-time project consultants;~~contractors; and reflected ~~a decrease~~an increase in the average number of full-time equivalents, partially offset by ~~an increase~~a decrease in revenue per full-time equivalent in the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 compared to the same prior year period.

Operating Income

Business Advisory segment operating income increased by ~~$0.6~~$0.3 million, or ~~6.5%~~2.7%, to $9.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, from $9.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, from $9.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The Business Advisory segment operating margin ~~increased~~decreased to ~~16.3%~~15.2% for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 from ~~16.1%~~16.3% in the same period last year. The ~~increase~~decrease in this segment’s operating margin was primarily attributable to ~~revenue growth that outpaced~~a restructuring charge recorded in the first quarter of 2020 for the termination of a third-party advisor agreement, as well as increases in share-based compensation expense for our revenue-generating professionals, contractor expenses, and salaries and related expenses ~~and performance bonus expense~~ for our revenue-generating ~~professionals.~~professionals, all as percentages of revenues. These ~~increases~~decreases to the segment's operating margin were ~~largely~~partially offset by ~~increases~~decreases in promotion and marketing expenses and signing, retention and other bonus ~~expense and share-based compensation expense~~expenses for our ~~revenue generating professionals, both as percentages~~revenue-generating professionals.

The non-cash goodwill impairment charges related to the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units within the Business Advisory segment, which are discussed above within consolidated results, are not allocated at the segment level because the underlying goodwill asset is reflective of ~~revenues.~~our corporate investment in the segment. We do not include the impact of goodwill impairment charges in our evaluation of segment performance. See the "Critical Accounting Policies" section below and Note 4 "Goodwill and Intangible Assets" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on the charges and our goodwill balances. We will continue to evaluate goodwill for impairment during future periods. Any future significant decline in the performance of our Strategy and Innovation reporting unit could result in another non-cash goodwill impairment charge.

Education

Revenues

Education segment revenues increased ~~$4.1~~$10.2 million, or ~~8.5%~~19.6%, to $62.1 million for the first three months of 2020 from $52.0 million for the first three months of ~~2019 from $47.9 million for the first three months of 2018.~~2019.

For the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, revenues from fixed-fee engagements; time-and-expense engagements; and software support, maintenance and subscription arrangements represented ~~23.8%~~21.2%, ~~68.1%~~70.3%, and ~~8.1%~~8.5% of this segment’s revenues, respectively, compared to ~~23.6%~~23.8%, ~~69.8%~~68.1%, and ~~6.6%~~8.1% of this segment's revenues, respectively, during the same prior year period.

Of the overall ~~$4.1~~$10.2 million increase in revenues, ~~$4.4~~$7.4 million was attributable to ~~an increase in~~ revenues ~~from to~~generated by our full-time billable consultants ~~partially offset by a $0.3~~and $2.8 million ~~decrease in revenues~~was attributable to revenues generated by our full-time equivalents. The increase in revenues from our full-time billable consultants reflected ~~increases~~an increase in the average number of full-time billable ~~consultants and the consultant utilization rate,~~consultants; partially offset by a decrease in the average billing ~~rate.~~rate in the first three months of 2020 compared to the same prior year period. The ~~decrease~~increase in revenues from our full-time equivalents was primarily driven by ~~a decreased~~an increased use of ~~our part-time~~contractors and project ~~consultants;~~consultants as well as an increase in software subscriptions and data hosting revenues; and reflected ~~decreases~~an increase in the average number of full-time equivalents, partially offset by ~~an increase~~a decrease in revenue per full-time equivalent in the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 compared to the same prior year period.

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Operating Income

Education segment operating income increased ~~$1.2~~$0.5 million, or ~~10.4%~~3.9%, to $13.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, from $12.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, from $11.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The Education segment operating margin ~~increased~~decreased to ~~24.3%~~21.1% for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 from ~~23.9%~~24.3% in the same period last year. The ~~increase~~decrease in this segment’s operating margin was primarily attributable to ~~a decrease~~increases in contractor expenses, practice administration and meetings ~~expense, revenue growth that outpaced the increase in~~expenses, and salaries and related expenses for our revenue-generating professionals, and decreases in technology expense and salaries and related expenses for our support personnel, as percentages of revenues. These increases to the segment's operating margin were partially offset by increases in performance bonus expense for our revenue-generating professionals, contractor expenses, and promotion and marketing expenses, all as percentages of ~~revenue.~~revenues .

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Cash and cash equivalents ~~decreased $24.6~~increased $139.4 million to ~~$8.5~~$151.0 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$33.1~~$11.6 million at December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, our primary sources of liquidity are cash on hand, cash flows from our U.S. operations, and borrowing capacity available under our credit facility.


	Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,
Cash Flows (in thousands):	2019			2018			2020			2019
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(38,289	)	$	(36,263	)	$	(56,146	)	$	(38,289	)
Net cash used in investing activities	(8,087		)	(3,767		)	(18,395		)	(8,087		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	21,722			29,541			214,089			21,722
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	73			16			(143		)	73
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	$	(24,581	)	$	(10,473	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents							$	139,405		$	(24,581	)

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities totaled ~~$38.3 million and $36.3~~$56.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020, compared to of $38.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, ~~and 2018,~~ respectively. Our operating assets and liabilities consist primarily of receivables from billed and unbilled services, accounts payable and accrued expenses, accrued payroll and related benefits, and deferred revenues. The volume of services rendered and the related billings and timing of collections on those billings, as well as payments of our accounts payable and salaries, bonuses, and related benefits to employees affect these account balances.

The increase in cash used in operating activities for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 compared to the same prior year period was primarily attributable to an increase in the amount paid for annual performance bonuses during the ~~first quarter of 2019~~three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to the ~~first quarter of 2018, largely~~three months ended March 31, 2019 and an increase in payments to employees for salaries and related benefits, partially offset by an increase in cash collections ~~from clients.~~in the first quarter of 2020 compared to the first quarter of 2019.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was ~~$8.1~~$18.4 million and ~~$3.8~~$8.1 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively.

The use of cash in the first three months of 2020 primarily consisted of $13.0 million for the purchase of an additional convertible debt investment in Shorelight Holdings, LLC; $2.9 million for payments related to internally developed software; $1.5 million for contributions to our life insurance policies which fund our deferred compensation plan; and $1.0 million for purchases of property and equipment, primarily related to purchases of furniture and leasehold improvements for new office spaces in certain locations.

The use of cash in the first three months of 2019 primarily consisted of $3.6 million for contributions to our life insurance policies which fund our deferred compensation plan; ~~$2.3~~$2.3 million for purchases of property and equipment, primarily related to purchases of computers and related equipment; and ~~$2.1~~$2.1 million for payments related to internally developed software.

~~The use~~In order to support our liquidity during the pandemic, we are proactively taking measures to increase available cash on hand, including reducing discretionary capital expenses. Therefore, as of ~~cash in the first three months of 2018 primarily consisted of $1.5 million for contributions to our life insurance policies which fund our deferred compensation plan;~~ ~~$1.4 million~~ ~~for purchases of property and equipment, primarily related to purchases of computers and related equipment; and~~ ~~$0.7 million~~ ~~for payments related to internally developed software.~~

WeMarch 31, 2020, we estimate that cash utilized for purchases of property and equipment and software development in ~~2019~~2020 will be lower than originally estimated and total approximately ~~$15~~$16 million to $20 ~~million,~~million. The purchases primarily ~~consisting~~consist of software development costs, leasehold improvements for certain office locations, and information technology related equipment to support our corporate ~~infrastructure, leasehold improvements for certain office locations, and software development costs.~~infrastructure.

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Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $214.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the first three months of 2020, we borrowed $281.0 million under our credit facility, including $125.0 million prior to March 31, 2020 to maintain excess cash and support liquidity during the period of uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to fund our annual performance bonus payment. During the first quarter of 2020, we made repayments on our borrowings of $38.1 million. Additionally, we repurchased and retired $20.9 million of our common stock under our Share Repurchase Program, as defined below, and settled $1.2 million of share repurchases that were accrued as of December 31, 2019.

Net cash used in financing activities was $21.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019. During the first three months of 2019, we borrowed $40.5 million under our credit facility, primarily to fund our annual performance bonus payment, and made repayments on our credit facility of $14.5 million.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $29.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. During the first three months of 2018, we borrowed $91.5 million under our credit facility, primarily to fund our annual performance bonus payment, and made repayments on our credit facility of $58.0 million.

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Share Repurchase Program

We currently have a share repurchase program permitting us to repurchase up to $125 million of our common stock through October 31, ~~2019~~2020 (the "Share Repurchase Program"). The amount and timing of the repurchases will be determined by management and will depend on a variety of factors, including the trading price of our common stock, capacity under our credit facility, general market and business conditions, and applicable legal requirements. NoIn the first quarter of 2020, we repurchased and retired 313,998 shares ~~were repurchased~~for $20.9 million. Additionally, in the first ~~three months~~quarter of ~~2019 or 2018.~~2020, we settled the repurchase of 18,000 shares for $1.2 million that were accrued as of December 31, 2019. As of March 31, ~~2019, $35.1~~2020, less than $0.1 million remains available for share repurchases.

Financing Arrangements

At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had ~~$250.0 million principal amount of our 1.25% convertible senior notes outstanding, $76.0~~$448.0 million outstanding under our senior secured credit facility and ~~$4.2~~$3.7 million outstanding under a promissory note, as discussed below.

~~1.25% Convertible Senior Notes~~

In September 2014, we issued $250.0 million principal amount of the Convertible Notes in a private offering. The Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company and will pay interest semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year at an annual rate of 1.25%. The Convertible Notes will mature on October 1, 2019, unless earlier repurchased by the Company or converted in accordance with their terms. We expect to refinance the principal amount of the outstanding notes at maturity with the borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility.

Upon conversion, the Convertible Notes will be settled, at our election, in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of the Company’s common stock. Our current intent and policy is to settle conversions with a combination of cash and shares of common stock with the principal amount of the Convertible Notes paid in cash, in accordance with the settlement provisions of the Indenture.

The carrying amount of our Convertible Notes as of March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, was $245.1 million and $242.6 million, respectively, which represented the $250.0 million principal amount net of unamortized debt discount and issuance costs. The carrying amount of our Convertible Notes is included in current maturities of long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheet.

~~For further information, see Note 8 “Financing Arrangements” within the notes to our consolidated financial statements.~~

Senior Secured Credit Facility

The Company has a ~~$500~~$600 million senior secured revolving credit facility, subject to the terms of a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of March 31, 2015, as amended to date (as amended and modified the "Amended Credit Agreement"), that becomes due and payable in full upon maturity on ~~March 23, 2023.~~September 27, 2024. The Amended Credit Agreement provides the option to increase the revolving credit facility or establish term loan facilities in an aggregate amount of up to $150 million, subject to customary conditions and the approval of any lender whose commitment would be increased, resulting in a maximum available principal amount under the Amended Credit Agreement of ~~$650~~$750 million. ~~The initial borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement were used to refinance borrowings outstanding under a prior credit agreement, and future borrowings~~Borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement may be used for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions of businesses, share repurchases, and general corporate purposes.

Amounts borrowed under the Amended Credit Agreement may be prepaid at any time without premium or penalty. We are required to prepay the amounts outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement in certain circumstances, including a requirement to pay all amounts outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement 90 days prior to the Convertible Indebtedness Maturity Date (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) unless (1) the Convertible Indebtedness Maturity Date is waived or extended to a later date, (2) the Company can demonstrate (a) Liquidity (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) in an amount at least equal to the principal amount due on the Convertible Indebtedness Maturity Date, and (b) financial covenant compliance after giving effect to such payments and any additional indebtedness incurred on a pro forma basis, or (3) this requirement is waived by the Required Lenders (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement).circumstances. In addition, we have the right to permanently reduce or terminate the unused portion of the commitments provided under the Amended Credit Agreement at any time.

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The Amended Credit Agreement contains usual and customary representations and warranties; affirmative and negative covenants, which include limitations on liens, investments, additional indebtedness, and restricted payments; and two quarterly financial covenants as follows: (i) a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio (defined as the ratio of debt to consolidated EBITDA) ~~ranging from 3.50~~of 3.75 to ~~1.00~~1.00; however the maximum permitted Consolidated Leverage Ratio will increase to 4.00 to 1.00 ~~depending on~~upon the ~~measurement period,~~occurrence of certain transactions, and (ii) a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (defined as the ratio of consolidated EBITDA to interest) of 3.50 to 1.00. Consolidated EBITDA for purposes of the financial covenants is calculated on a continuing operations basis and includes adjustments to add back non-cash goodwill impairment charges, share-based compensation costs, certain non-cash restructuring charges, pro forma historical EBITDA for businesses acquired, and other specified items in accordance with the Amended Credit Agreement. At March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with these financial ~~covenants with a~~covenants. Our Consolidated Leverage Ratio as of ~~2.99~~March 31, 2020 was 3.48 to 1.00, ~~and a~~compared to 1.64 to 1.00 as of December 31, 2019. Our Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio as of ~~12.08~~March 31, 2020 was 15.13 to ~~1.00.~~1.00, compared to 15.29 to 1.00 as of December 31, 2019. The increase in our Consolidated Leverage Ratio as of March 31, 2019 compared to December 31, 2019 was driven by $125.0 million of borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement prior to March 31, 2020 to maintain excess cash and support liquidity during the period of uncertainty created by the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of these borrowings, cash and cash equivalents increased $139.4 million to $151.0 million at March 31, 2020 from $11.6 million at December 31, 2019.

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The Amended Credit Agreement contains restricted payment provisions, including a potential limit on the amount of dividends we may pay. Pursuant to the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement, if our Consolidated Leverage Ratio is greater than ~~3.00,~~3.25, the amount of dividends and other Restricted Payments (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) we may pay is limited to an amount up to $75 million plus 50% of cumulative consolidated net income (as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) from the closing date of the Amended Credit Agreement plus 50% of the net cash proceeds from equity issuances after the closing date of the Amended Credit Agreement.$25 million.

~~Borrowings~~Principal borrowings outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 totaled ~~$76.0 million.~~$448.0 million and $205.0 million, respectively. These borrowings carried a weighted average interest rate of ~~4.5%,~~2.3% at March 31, 2020 and 3.0% at December 31, 2019 including the impact of the interest rate ~~swap in effect as of March 31, 2019 and~~swaps described in Note 109 “Derivative Instrument and Hedging Activity” within the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Borrowings outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement at December 31, 2018 were $50.0 million and carried a weighted average interest rate of 3.7%, including the impact of the interest rate swap described in Note 10 “Derivative InstrumentInstruments and Hedging Activity” within the notes to the consolidated financial statements. The borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility is reduced by any outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility and outstanding letters of credit. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $1.6 million, which are primarily used as security deposits for our office facilities. ~~As of March 31, 2019, the unused borrowing capacity under the revolving credit facility was $422.4 million.~~

Promissory Note due 2024

On June 30, 2017, in conjunction with our purchase of an aircraft related to the acquisition of Innosight, we assumed, from the sellers of the aircraft, a promissory note with an outstanding principal balance of $5.1 million. The principal balance of the promissory note is subject to scheduled monthly principal payments until the maturity date of March 1, 2024, at which time a final payment of $1.5 million, plus any accrued and unpaid interest, will be due. Under the terms of the promissory note, we will pay interest on the outstanding principal amount at a rate of one-month LIBOR plus 1.97% per annum. The obligations under the promissory note are secured pursuant to a Loan and Aircraft Security Agreement with Banc of America Leasing & Capital, LLC, which grants the lender a first priority security interest in the aircraft. At March 31, 2020, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was $3.7 million, and the aircraft had a carrying amount of $4.9 million. At December 31, 2019, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was ~~$4.2~~$3.9 million, and the aircraft had a carrying amount of ~~$5.6 million. At December 31, 2018, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was $4.4 million, and the aircraft had a carrying amount of $5.8~~$5.1 million.

For further information, see Note 87 “Financing Arrangements” within the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Future Financing Needs

Our current primary financing need is to support our operations during the COVID-19 pandemic which has created significant volatility and uncertainty in the economy, could limit our access to capital resources, and could increase borrowing costs. In order to support our liquidity during the pandemic, we are proactively taking measures to increase available cash on hand, including, but not limited to, borrowing under our senior secured credit facility and reducing discretionary operating and capital expenses. To further support our liquidity, we have elected to defer the deposit of our employer portion of social security taxes beginning in April 2020 and through the end of the year, which we expect to pay in equal installments in the fourth quarters of 2021 and 2022, as provided for under the CARES Act. Our long-term financing need has been to fund our growth. Our growth strategy is to expand our service offerings, which may require investments in new hires, acquisitions of complementary businesses, possible expansion into other geographic areas, and related capital expenditures. We believe our internally generated liquidity, together with our available cash, and the borrowing capacity available under our revolving credit facility ~~and access to external capital resources~~ will be adequate to ~~fund~~support our current financing needs and long-term growth ~~and capital needs arising from cash commitments and debt service obligations.~~strategy. Our ability to secure ~~short-term and long-term~~additional financing, if needed, in the future will depend on several factors, including our future profitability, the quality of our accounts receivable and unbilled services, our relative levels of debt and equity, and the overall condition of the credit markets.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

For a summary of our commitments to make future payments under contractual obligations, see ~~“Item~~Item 7. ~~Management’s~~"Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Contractual ~~Obligations”~~Obligations" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. As of March 31, 2020, borrowings outstanding under our senior secured credit facility totaled $448.0 million compared to $205.0 million at December 31, 2019. See the "Liquidity and Capital Resources" section above and Note 7 "Financing Arrangements" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for additional information on our outstanding borrowings as of March 31, 2020. There have been no other material changes to our contractual obligations since December 31, 2018. See Note 2 "Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies" and Note 3 "New Accounting Pronouncements" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for information on our adoption of ASC 842, ~~Leases~~. See Note 5 "Leases" within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for information on our future lease payments and a reconciliation of those lease payments to our operating lease liabilities recorded on our consolidated balance sheet.2019.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We are not a party to any material off-balance sheet arrangements.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP. We regularly review our financial reporting and disclosure practices and accounting policies to ensure that our financial reporting and disclosures provide accurate information relative to the current economic and business environment. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make assessments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Critical accounting policies are those policies that we believe present the most complex or subjective measurements and have the most potential to impact our financial position and operating results. While all decisions regarding accounting policies are important, we believe there are five accounting policies that could be considered critical: revenue recognition, allowances for doubtful accounts and unbilled services, business combinations, carrying values of goodwill and other intangible assets, and accounting for income

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taxes. For a detailed discussion of these critical accounting policies, see ~~“Item~~Item 7. ~~Management’s~~"Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting ~~Policies”~~Policies" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Below is an update to our critical accounting policy related to the carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets. There have been no material changes to our other critical accounting policies during the first three months of ~~2019.~~2020.

Carrying Values of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

First Quarter 2020 Goodwill Impairment Analysis

Based on the estimated fair values of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units described below, we recorded non-cash pretax goodwill impairment charges of $49.9 million and $9.9 million, respectively, in the first quarter of 2020. The $49.9 million non-cash pretax charge related to the Strategy and Innovation reporting unit reduced the goodwill balance of the reporting unit to $37.5 million. The $9.9 million non-cash pretax charge related to the Life Sciences reporting unit reduced the goodwill balance of the reporting unit to zero.

Our goodwill impairment test was performed by comparing the fair value of each of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units with its respective carrying value and recognizing an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying value exceeded the fair value. To estimate the fair value of each reporting unit, we relied on a combination of the income approach and the market approach, with a fifty-fifty weighting.

In the income approach, we utilized a discounted cash flow analysis, which involved estimating the expected after-tax cash flows that will be generated by each reporting unit and then discounting those cash flows to present value, reflecting the relevant risks associated with each reporting unit and the time value of money. This approach requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions, including long-term projections of future cash flows, market conditions, and discount rates that reflects the risk inherent in the future cash flows. In estimating future cash flows, we relied on internally generated seven-year forecasts. For periods after the seven-year forecast, we assumed a long-term annual revenue growth rate of 3.0% for both the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units. Our forecasts are based on historical experience, current backlog, expected market demand, and other industry information. Our discounted cash flow analysis assumed weighted average cost of capital discount rates of 16.0% and 10.5% for the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units, respectively.

In the market approach, we utilized the guideline company method, which involved calculating valuation multiples based on operating data from guideline publicly traded companies. Multiples derived from guideline companies provide an indication of how much a knowledgeable investor in the marketplace would be willing to pay for a company. These multiples were evaluated and adjusted based on specific characteristics of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units relative to the selected guideline companies and applied to the reporting units' operating data to arrive at an indication of value.

Determining the fair value of any reporting unit requires us to make significant judgments, estimates, and assumptions. While we believe that the estimates and assumptions underlying our valuation methodology are reasonable, these estimates and assumptions could have a significant impact on whether or not a non-cash impairment charge is recognized and also the magnitude of any such charge. The results of an impairment analysis are as of a point in time. There is no assurance that the actual future earnings or cash flows of our reporting units will be consistent with our projections. We will monitor any changes to our assumptions and will evaluate goodwill as deemed warranted during future periods. Any significant decline in our operations could result in additional non-cash goodwill impairment charges, which could be material.

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The carrying values of goodwill for each of our reporting units as of March 31, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):



Reporting Unit	Carrying Value of Goodwill
Healthcare	$	428,729
Education	103,889
Business Advisory	16,094
Strategy and Innovation	37,523
Life Sciences	—
Enterprise Solutions and Analytics	—
Total	$	586,235

Intangible assets represent purchased assets that lack physical substance but can be distinguished from goodwill. Our intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, totaled $28.1 million at March 31, 2020 and primarily consist of customer relationships, trade names, technology and software, non-competition agreements, and customer contracts, all of which were acquired through business combinations. We evaluate our intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable. In connection with the goodwill impairment tests performed for the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units in the first quarter of 2020, which resulted in non-cash goodwill impairment charges, we performed impairment tests on the long-lived assets allocated to the asset groups of the Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units. Based on the impairment tests performed, we concluded that the long-lived assets allocated to the asset groups were not impaired as of March 31, 2020. We did not identify any indicators that would lead us to believe that the carrying values of the long-lived assets allocated to our other asset groups may not be recoverable as of March 31, 2020.

NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Refer to Note 3 ~~“New~~"New Accounting ~~Pronouncements”~~Pronouncements" within the notes to the consolidated financial statements for information on new accounting pronouncements.



ITEM 3.	QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

We are exposed to market risks primarily from changes in interest rates and changes in the market value of our investments.

Market Risk and Interest Rate Risk

The value of our Convertible Notes is exposed to interest rate risk. Generally, the fair value of our fixed interest rate Convertible Notes will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. In addition, the fair value of our Convertible Notes is affected by our stock price. The carrying value of our Convertible Notes was $245.1 million as of March 31, 2019, which represents the liability component of the $250.0 million principal balance. The estimated fair value of our Convertible Notes at March 31, 2019 was $246.2 million, and was determined based on the quoted bid price of the Convertible Notes in an over-the-counter market as of the last day of trading for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, which was $98.476 per $100 principal amount. At December 31, 2018, the carrying value of our Convertible Notes was ~~$242.6 million, and the estimated fair value of our Convertible Notes was~~ ~~$242.9 million, which was determined based on the quoted bid price of the Convertible Notes in an over-the-counter market as of the last day of trading for the year ended December 31, 2018, which was~~ ~~$97.176~~ ~~per $100 principal amount.~~

Concurrent with the issuance of ~~the~~our Convertible Notes, we entered into separate convertible note hedge and warrant transactions. The convertible note hedge transactions ~~are~~were intended to reduce the potential future economic dilution associated with the conversion of the Convertible Notes and, combined with the warrants, effectively ~~raise~~raised the price at which economic dilution would occur from the initial conversion price of approximately ~~$79.89 to approximately $97.12 per share. Under the convertible note hedge transactions, we have the option to purchase a total of approximately~~ 3.1 million shares of our common stock, which iswas the number of shares initially issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Notes in full, at a price of approximately $79.89 ~~which corresponds~~to $97.12 per share. The convertible note hedge transactions expired in the third quarter of 2019 and the warrants are expiring incrementally on 100 different dates from January 6, 2020 to May 28, 2020. See Note 7 “Financing Arrangements” within the notes to the ~~initial conversion price of the~~consolidated financial statements for additional information on our Convertible Notes, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those in the Convertible Notes. Under the warrant transactions, the holders of the warrants have the option to purchase a total of approximately 3.1 million shares of our common stock at a price of approximately $97.12. If the average market value per share of our common stock for the reporting period exceeds the strike price of the warrants, the warrants will have a dilutive effectwhich matured on ~~our earnings per share.~~October 1, 2019.

We have exposure to changes in interest rates associated with borrowings under our bank credit facility, which has variable interest rates tied to LIBOR or an alternate base rate, at our option. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had borrowings outstanding under the credit facility totaling ~~$76.0~~$448.0 million that carried a weighted average interest rate of ~~4.5%~~2.3%, including the impact of the interest rate ~~swap~~swaps described below. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in ~~this~~the interest rate would have a ~~$0.3~~$2.5 million effect on our pretax income on an annualized basis, including the effect of the interest rate ~~swap.~~swaps outstanding at March 31, 2020. At December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, we had borrowings outstanding under the credit facility totaling ~~$50.0~~$205.0 million that carried a weighted average interest rate of ~~3.7%~~3.0% including the impact of the interest rate swap ~~described below. As of~~outstanding at December 31, 2018, these variable rate borrowings were fully hedged against changes in interest rates by the interest rate swap, which had a notional amount of $50.0 million. As our variable rate borrowings were fully hedged as of December 31, 2018, a2019. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in the interest rate would have ~~had no impact~~a $1.6 million effect on our ~~consolidated financial statements.~~pretax income on an annualized basis, including the effect of the interest rate swap.

On June 22, 2017, we entered into a forward interest rate swap agreement effective August 31, 2017 and ending August 31, 2022, with a notional amount of $50.0 million. We entered into this derivative instrument to hedge against the interest rate risks of our variable-rate borrowings. Under the terms of the interest rate swap agreement, we receive from the counterparty interest on the notional amount based on one-month LIBOR and we pay to the counterparty a fixed rate of 1.900%.

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We also have exposure to changes in interest rates associated with the promissory note assumed on June 30, 2017 in connection with our purchase of an aircraft, which has variable interest rates tied to LIBOR. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was ~~$4.2~~

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$3.7 million and carried an interest rate of ~~4.5%~~3.6%. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in this interest rate would not have a material effect on our pretax income. At December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, the outstanding principal amount of the promissory note was ~~$4.4~~$3.9 million and carried an interest rate of ~~4.3%~~3.7%. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in the interest rate as of December 31, 2018 would not have had a material effect on our pretax income.

We do not use derivative instruments for trading or other speculative purposes. From time to time, we invest excess cash in short-term marketable securities. These investments principally consist of overnight sweep accounts. Due to the short maturity of these investments, we have concluded that we do not have material market risk exposure.

We have ~~a non-interest bearing~~an investment in the form of 1.69% convertible debt ~~investment~~ in Shorelight Holdings, LLC, a privately-held company, which we account for as an available-for-sale debt security. As such, the investment is carried at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income. As of March 31, 2020, the fair value of the investment was $62.2 million, with a total cost basis of $40.9 million. At December 31, 2019, the fair value of the investment was ~~$54.0 million, with a total cost basis of $27.9 million. At December 31, 2018, the fair value of the investment was $50.4~~$49.5 million, with a total cost basis of $27.9 million.

We have a preferred stock investment in Medically Home Group, Inc., a privately-held company, which we account for as an equity security without a readily determinable fair value using the measurement alternative. As such, the investment is carried at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or similar investment. Any unrealized holding gains and losses resulting from observable price changes are recorded in our consolidated statement of operations. As of March 31, 2020, the carrying value of the investment was $5.0 million. Following our purchase, there has been no impairment, nor any observable price changes to our investment. See Note 10 “Fair Value of Financial Instruments” for further information on our long-term investments.



ITEM 4.	CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the ~~“Exchange Act”~~"Exchange Act")) as of March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act, and such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION



ITEM 1.	LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from Note 1413 "Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees" included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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ITEM 1A.	RISK FACTORS.

~~See~~The following information updates, and should be read in conjunction with, the information disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019 (the “2019 Annual Report”), which was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February ~~27, 2019, for a complete description~~26, 2020.

Our results of operations have been adversely affected and, in the future, could be materially adversely impacted by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

The worldwide spread of coronavirus (COVID-19) has created significant volatility, uncertainty and disruption to the global economy. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including:

the duration and scope of the ~~material~~pandemic;

governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic;

the effect on our clients and client demand for our services and solutions, including the effect on the healthcare industry which is an area of significant focus for our business;

the impact on our key third-party vendors;

the effect on the businesses in which we have invested;

our ability to sell and provide our services and solutions and maintain adequate utilization levels, including as a result of travel restrictions and people working from home;

the ability of our clients to pay for our services and solutions;

any disruption to the Internet and related systems, which may impact our ability to provide our services and solutions remotely, and increased vulnerability to hackers or third parties seeking to disrupt operations; and

any closures of our clients’ offices and facilities.

Additionally, in some instances, clients have slowed down decision making, delayed planned work or are seeking to reduce the scope of current engagements or terminate existing agreements, which may continue. Any of these events could cause or contribute to the risks and uncertainties enumerated in our 2019 Annual Report and could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and/or stock price.

Our goodwill and other intangible assets represent a substantial amount of our total assets, and we ~~face.~~may be required to recognize a non-cash impairment charge for these assets if the performance of one or more of our reporting units falls below our expectations.

Our total assets reflect a substantial amount of intangible assets, primarily goodwill. At December 31, 2019, goodwill and other intangible assets totaled $678.3 million, or 61%, of our total assets. During the first quarter of 2020, we incurred non-cash pretax goodwill impairment charges totaling $59.8 million related to our Strategy and Innovation and Life Sciences reporting units within our Business Advisory segment, as discussed below, resulting in a total goodwill and other intangible asset balance of $614.4 million, or 52%, of our total assets as of March 31, 2020. The goodwill results from our acquisitions, representing the excess of the fair value of consideration transferred over the fair value of the net assets acquired. We test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level, annually and whenever events or circumstances make it more likely than not that an impairment may have occurred.

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charge related to the Strategy and Innovation reporting unit reduced the goodwill balance of the reporting unit to $37.5 million. The $9.9 million non-cash pretax charge related to the Life Sciences reporting unit reduced the goodwill balance of the reporting unit to zero.

Refer to “Critical Accounting Policies” within Part I - Item 2. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Note 4 “Goodwill and Intangible Assets” within the notes to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion of our goodwill, intangible assets, and impairment tests performed in 2020.



ITEM 2.	UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

Our Stock Ownership Participation Program, 2012 Omnibus Incentive Plan, and 2004 Omnibus Stock Plan, which was replaced by the 2012 Omnibus Incentive Plan, permit the netting of common stock upon vesting of restricted stock awards to satisfy individual tax withholding requirements. During the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we reacquired ~~94,500~~120,000 shares of common stock with a weighted average fair market value of ~~$46.40~~$59.44 as a result of such tax withholdings.

~~In October 2014, our board of directors authorized~~We currently have a share repurchase program ~~pursuant~~permitting us to ~~which we may, from time to time,~~ repurchase up to $125 million of our common stock ~~which expires on~~through October 31, ~~2019~~2020 (the "Share Repurchase Program"). The amount and timing of the repurchases will be determined by management and will depend on a variety of factors, including the trading price of our common stock, capacity under our line of credit, general market and business conditions, and applicable legal requirements. The following table provides information with respect to purchases we made of our common stock during the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019.~~

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2020.

Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased ⁽¹⁾

Average Price
Paid per Share

Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs

Dollar Value of Shares
that may yet be
Purchased under the
Plans or Programs ⁽²⁾
January 1, 2019 - January 31, 2019 7,745
$ 51.31
—
$ 35,143,546
February 1, 2019 - February 28, 2019 —
$ —
—
$ 35,143,546
March 1, 2019 - March 31, 2019 86,755
$ 45.96
—
$ 35,143,546
Total 94,500
$ 46.40
—



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased ⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Dollar Value of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Plans or Programs ⁽²⁾
January 1, 2020 - January 31, 2020	134,346	$	67.90	125,463	$	12,408,601
February 1, 2020 - February 29, 2020	188,547	$	65.55	188,535	$	43,572
March 1, 2020 - March 31, 2020	111,105	$	58.70	—	$	43,572
Total	433,998	$	64.53	313,998


(1)	The number of shares repurchased ~~for each period represents~~includes 8,883 shares in January 2020, 12 shares in February 2020 and 111,105 shares in March 2020 to satisfy employee tax withholding requirements. These shares do not reduce the repurchase authority under the Share Repurchase Program.


(2)	As of the end of the period.



ITEM 3.	DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

None.



ITEM 4.	MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.



ITEM 5.	OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

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ITEM 6.	EXHIBITS.

(a) The following exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit

Number

Exhibit Description

Filed

herewith

Furnished

herewith

Form

Period

Ending

Exhibit

Filing

Date

10.1

Senior Management Agreement by and between Huron Consulting Group Inc. and Ernest W. Torain, Jr.

31.1

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1

Certification of the Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101.INS

Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.LAB

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

101.DEF

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

Table of Contents

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



		Huron Consulting Group Inc.
		(Registrant)

Date:	April 30, ~~2019~~2020	/S/ JOHN D. KELLY
		John D. Kelly
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
	Common Stock			Treasury Stock					Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Amount		Shares		Amount			Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income		Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at December 31, 2017	24,098,822	$	241	(2,591,135	)	$	(121,994	)	$	434,256		$	180,443		$	10,370	$	503,316
Comprehensive income												(3,264		)	2,632		(632		)
Issuance of common stock in connection with:
Restricted stock awards, net of cancellations	198,546	2		34,177		1,443			(1,445		)						—
Exercise of stock options	10,000	—							234								234
Share-based compensation									5,280								5,280
Shares redeemed for employee tax withholdings				(75,832	)	(2,684		)									(2,684		)
Cumulative-effect adjustment from adoption of ASC 606												1,956					1,956
Balance at March 31, 2018	24,307,368	$	243	(2,632,790	)	$	(123,235	)	$	438,325		$	179,135		$	13,002	$	507,470



	As of December 31, 2018		ASC 842 Adjustment			As of January 1, 2019
Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	—	$	56,463		$	56,463

Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	17,207	$	(2,557	)	$	14,650
Current maturities of operating lease liabilities	$	—	$	10,537		$	10,537
Deferred compensation and other liabilities	$	20,875	$	(536	)	$	20,339
Deferred lease incentives	$	13,693	$	(13,693	)	$	—
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	$	—	$	62,712		$	62,712



		As of March 31, 2019				As of December 31, 2018
	Useful Life (in years)	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization
Customer relationships	4 to 13	$	98,338	$	63,653	$	98,235	$	60,462
Trade names	5 to 6	28,930		23,859		28,930		23,181
Technology and software	3 to 5	5,694		3,211		5,694		2,842
Non-competition agreements	3 to 5	3,650		2,446		3,650		2,241
Favorable lease contract	3	720		702		720		646
Total		$	137,332	$	93,871	$	137,229	$	89,372



Balance Sheet	March 31, 2019
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	53,805

Current maturities of operating lease liabilities	$	10,293
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	60,280
Total lease liabilities	$	70,573



Lease Cost	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Operating lease cost	$	3,000
Short-term leases ⁽¹⁾	47
Variable lease costs	374
Sublease income	(617		)
Net lease cost ⁽²⁾	$	2,804



Future Lease Payments	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018 ^{(1, 2)}
2019	$	10,136		$	13,701
2020	12,717			12,724
2021	11,595			11,590
2022	10,775			10,766
2023	10,711			10,707
Thereafter	27,035			27,033
Total operating lease payments	$	82,969		$	86,521
Less: imputed interest	(12,396		)	n/a
Present value of operating lease liabilities	$	70,573		n/a



Other Information	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for operating lease liabilities	$	3,554

Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases	7.0 years
Weighted average discount rate - operating leases	4.7		%



	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
1.25% convertible senior notes due 2019	$	245,051		$	242,617
Senior secured credit facility	76,000			50,000
Promissory note due 2024	4,240			4,368
Total long-term debt	$	325,291		$	296,985
Current maturities of long-term debt	(245,569		)	(243,132		)
Long-term debt, net of current portion	$	79,722		$	53,853



	Principal Payments of Long-Term Debt
2019	$	250,387
2020	$	529
2021	$	544
2022	$	559
2023	$	76,575
Thereafter	$	1,646



	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018
Liability component:
Proceeds	$	250,000		$	250,000
Less: debt discount, net of amortization	(4,316		)	(6,436		)
Less: debt issuance costs, net of amortization	(633		)	(947		)
Net carrying amount	$	245,051		$	242,617
Equity component ⁽¹⁾	$	39,287		$	39,287



	Convertible Debt Investment
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	50,429
Change in fair value of convertible debt investment	3,609
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	54,038



	Contingent Consideration for Business Acquisitions
Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	11,441
Remeasurement of contingent consideration for business acquisitions	(391		)
Unrealized loss due to foreign currency translation	79
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	11,129



	March 31, 2019				December 31, 2018
	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
1.25% convertible senior notes due 2019	$	245,051	$	246,190	$	242,617	$	242,940



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019									Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
	Before Taxes			Tax (Expense) Benefit			Net of Taxes			Before Taxes		Tax (Expense) Benefit			Net of Taxes
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments	$	316		$	—		$	316		$	34	$	—		$	34
Unrealized gain on investment	$	3,609		$	(952	)	$	2,657		$	2,927	$	(761	)	$	2,166
Unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges:
Change in fair value	$	(247	)	$	65		$	(182	)	$	545	$	(141	)	$	404
Reclassification adjustments into earnings	(74		)	19			(55		)	38		(10		)	28
Net unrealized gain (loss)	$	(321	)	$	84		$	(237	)	$	583	$	(151	)	$	432
Other comprehensive income	$	3,604		$	(868	)	$	2,736		$	3,544	$	(912	)	$	2,632