UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _____ to _____
Commission file number:   000-51889
  
TWO RIVER BANCORP
  
  (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)  
New Jersey  20-3700861
(State of Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation or Organization)
  (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
766 Shrewsbury Avenue, Tinton Falls, New Jersey  07724
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)  (Zip Code)
 (732) 389-8722 
 (Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code) 
       
  (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)  

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes ☒     No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).   Yes ☒      No ☐
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐Accelerated filer ☒
Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☒
Emerging growth company ☐  
    
 If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes ☐    No ☒  
 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class Trading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, no par value per shareTRCBThe NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

As of NovemberMay 6, 2018,2019, there were 8,589,3648,669,262 shares of the registrant’s common stock, no par value, outstanding.

TWO RIVER BANCORP
 
FORM 10-Q
 
INDEX
 
 
      Page
         
  
        
      Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018
         
      Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
        
      Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
        
      Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (unaudited) for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
        
      Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
         
      
         
    
         
    
         
    
         
   
     
  
     
  
        
  
     
  
     
  
     
  
     
    
         

PART I.   FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.        Financial Statements
TWO RIVER BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)
September 30,
2018
 December 31,
2017
March 31,
2019
 December 31,
2018
ASSETS      
Cash and due from banks$17,880
 $29,575
$15,945
 $24,067
Interest-bearing deposits in bank29,733
 18,644
46,743
 24,059
Cash and cash equivalents47,613
 48,219
62,688
 48,126
      
Securities available for sale (amortized cost of $26,027 and $29,127 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)25,281
 28,684
Securities held to maturity (fair value of $56,868 and $58,549 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)57,606
 58,002
Equity securities (amortized cost of $2,544 and $2,503 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)2,412
 2,448
Securities available for sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $24,061 and $25,017 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)23,552
 24,407
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (fair value of $46,298 and $47,266 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)45,838
 47,455
Equity securities, at fair value2,497
 2,451
Restricted investments, at cost5,997
 5,430
6,017
 6,082
Loans held for sale1,461
 2,581
1,496
 1,496
Loans900,895
 850,874
948,493
 921,301
Allowance for loan losses(11,390) (10,668)(11,582) (11,398)
Net loans889,505
 840,206
936,911
 909,903
      
Other real estate owned ("OREO")585
 
585
 585
Bank owned life insurance21,968
 21,573
22,060
 22,098
Premises and equipment, net6,011
 6,239
6,173
 5,917
Operating lease right-of-use assets4,997
 
Accrued interest receivable2,982
 2,554
2,793
 2,583
Goodwill18,109
 18,109
18,109
 18,109
Other assets6,769
 5,753
6,805
 7,207
      
Total Assets$1,086,299
 $1,039,798
$1,140,521
 $1,096,419
      
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY      
Deposits:      
Non-interest-bearing$173,906
 $167,297
$177,938
 $176,655
Interest-bearing731,839
 694,260
781,717
 740,699
Total Deposits905,745
 861,557
959,655
 917,354
      
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase22,153
 27,120
15,185
 19,402
FHLB and other borrowings24,500
 25,800
20,700
 22,500
Subordinated debt9,914
 9,888
9,932
 9,923
Accrued interest payable97
 70
153
 119
Operating lease liabilities5,127
 
Other liabilities9,999
 8,792
10,613
 10,623
      
Total Liabilities972,408
 933,227
1,021,365
 979,921
      
Shareholders' Equity      
Preferred stock, no par value; 6,500,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
 

 
Common stock, no par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 
  
 
  
Issued – 8,896,273 and 8,782,124 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively 
  
Outstanding – 8,584,179 and 8,470,030 at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively80,294
 79,678
Issued – 8,996,545 and 8,935,437 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively 
  
Outstanding – 8,668,100 and 8,606,992 at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively80,759
 80,481
Retained earnings36,535
 29,593
41,416
 39,109
Treasury stock, at cost; 312,094 shares at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017(2,396) (2,396)
Treasury stock, at cost; 328,445 shares at March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018(2,647) (2,647)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(542) (304)(372) (445)
Total Shareholders' Equity113,891

106,571
119,156

116,498
      
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity$1,086,299
 $1,039,798
$1,140,521
 $1,096,419
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.


TWO RIVER BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
(in thousands, except per share data)     
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended Three Months Ended
September 30, September 30, March 31,
2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018
Interest Income           
Loans, including fees$10,656
 $9,227
 $30,720
 $26,363
 $11,312
 $9,821
Securities:       
    
Taxable274
 247
 861
 715
 331
 297
Tax-exempt280
 267
 842
 831
 239
 282
Interest-bearing deposits132
 83
 293
 257
 187
 67
Total Interest Income11,342
 9,824
 32,716
 28,166
 12,069
 10,467
Interest Expense           
Deposits1,924
 1,069
 4,923
 3,170
 2,418
 1,358
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase14
 18
 43
 50
 11
 14
FHLB and other borrowings136
 157
 382
 449
 132
 130
Subordinated debt165
 164
 495
 493
 165
 165
Total Interest Expense2,239
 1,408
 5,843
 4,162
 2,726
 1,667
Net Interest Income9,103
 8,416
 26,873
 24,004
 9,343
 8,800
Provision for Loan Losses150
 255
 775
 855
 425
 400
Net Interest Income after Provision for Loan Losses8,953
 8,161
 26,098
 23,149
 8,918
 8,400
           
Non-Interest Income           
Service fees on deposit accounts236
 224
 713
 535
 166
 238
Mortgage banking239
 358
 986
 1,258
 280
 338
Other loan fees378
 188
 626
 402
 160
 111
Earnings from investment in bank owned life insurance133
 137
 395
 411
 143
 130
Gain on sale of SBA loans203
 306
 921
 817
 206
 331
Other income166
 240
 520
 693
 202
 162
Total Non-Interest Income1,355
 1,453
 4,161
 4,116
 1,157
 1,310
           
Non-Interest Expenses           
Salaries and employee benefits4,024
 3,641
 11,919
 10,554
 3,841
 3,885
Occupancy and equipment966
 1,112
 3,099
 3,215
 1,042
 1,090
Professional432
 366
 1,260
 1,102
 434
 340
Insurance59
 57
 180
 158
 65
 57
FDIC insurance and assessments128
 123
 374
 354
 124
 123
Advertising90
 110
 280
 345
 70
 60
Data processing184
 151
 510
 406
 188
 152
Outside services fees89
 120
 250
 347
 54
 81
OREO expenses, impairments and sales, net7
 25
 (8) 44
 4
 (1)
Loan workout expenses28
 8
 124
 174
 (8) 51
Other operating454
 462
 1,251
 1,324
 481
 389
Total Non-Interest Expenses6,461
 6,175
 19,239
 18,023
 6,295
 6,227
           
Income before Income Taxes3,847
 3,439
 11,020
 9,242
 3,780
 3,483
Income tax expense1,013
 1,202
 2,860
 3,075
 997
 807
Net Income$2,834
 $2,237
 $8,160
 $6,167
 $2,783
 $2,676
           
Earnings Per Common Share:           
Basic$0.33
 $0.27
 $0.96
 $0.74
 $0.32
 $0.32
Diluted$0.33
 $0.26
 $0.94
 $0.71
 $0.32
 $0.31
Weighted average common shares outstanding       
    
Basic8,513
 8,393
 8,489
 8,373
 8,583
 8,447
Diluted8,700
 8,656
 8,695
 8,647
 8,712
 8,675
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

TWO RIVER BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
For the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
(in thousands)
 
 
 Three Months Ended
 September 30,
 2018 2017
Net income$2,834
 $2,237
Other comprehensive (loss) income:   
    
Unrealized holdings (losses)/gains on securities available for sale, net of income tax (benefit)/expense 2018: ($11), 2017: $1(24) 3
    
Other comprehensive (loss) income:(24) 3
    
Total comprehensive income$2,810
 $2,240
 Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 2019 2018
Net income$2,783
 $2,676
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
    
Unrealized holdings gains (losses) on securities available for sale, net of income tax expense (benefit) 2019: $28, 2018: ($54)73
 (139)
    
Other comprehensive income (loss)73
 (139)
    
Total comprehensive income$2,856
 $2,537
 
 Nine Months Ended
 September 30,
 2018 2017
Net income$8,160
 $6,167
Other comprehensive (loss) income:   
    
Unrealized holdings (loss)/gains on securities available for sale, net of income tax (benefit)/expense 2018: ($85), 2017: $127(218) 198
    
Other comprehensive (loss) income:(218) 198
    
Total comprehensive income$7,942
 $6,365
    

See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

TWO RIVER BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
For the NineThree Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Common Stock     
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Common Stock     
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Outstanding
Shares
 Amount 
Retained
Earnings
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Balance, January 1, 20198,606,992
 $80,481
 $39,109
 $(2,647) $(445) $116,498
Net income
 
 2,783
 
 
 2,783
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 73
 73
Stock-based compensation expense
 83
 
 
 
 83
Cash dividends on common stock ($0.055 per share)
 
 (476) 
 
 (476)
Options exercised47,952
 179
 
 
 
 179
Employee stock purchase program1,006
 16
 
 
 
 16
Restricted stock and other awards12,150
 
 
 
 
 
Balance, March 31, 20198,668,100
 $80,759
 $41,416
 $(2,647) $(372) $119,156
Outstanding
Shares
 Amount 
Retained
Earnings
 
Treasury
Stock
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
           
Balance, January 1, 20188,470,030
 $79,678
 $29,593
 $(2,396) 8,470,030
 $79,678
 $29,593
 $(2,396) $(304) $106,571
Net income
 
 8,160
 
 
 8,160

 
 2,676
 
 
 2,676
Other comprehensive loss
 
 
 
 (218) (218)
 
 
 
 (139) (139)
Stock-based compensation expense
 222
 
 
 
 222

 65
 
 
 
 65
Cash dividends on common stock ($0.145 per share)
 
 (1,238) 
 
 (1,238)
Cash dividends on common stock ($0.045 per share)
 
 (382) 
 
 (382)
Options exercised92,560
 345
 
 
 
 345
45,730
 172
 
 
 
 172
AOCI reclassification related to Tax Reform
 
 59
 
 (59) 

 
 59
 
 (59) 
AOCI reclassification due to adoption of ASU 2016-01
 
 (39) 
 39
 

 
 (39) 
 39
 
Employee stock purchase program2,689
 49
 
 
 
 49
972
 17
 
 
 
 17
Restricted stock and other awards19,400
 
 
 
 
 
8,400
 
 
 
 
 
Shares forfeited(500) 
 
 
 
 
(500) 
 
 
 
 
Balance, September 30, 20188,584,179
 $80,294
 $36,535
 $(2,396) $(542) $113,891
           
Balance, January 1, 20178,365,442
 $79,056
 $24,447
 $(2,396) $(391) $100,716
Net income
 
 6,167
 
 
 6,167
Common stock dividend – adjustment(1,069) 
 
 
 
 
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 
 198
 198
Stock-based compensation expense
 202
 
 
 
 202
Cash dividends on common stock ($0.125 per share)
 
 (1,034) 
 
 (1,034)
Options exercised65,948
 266
 
 
 
 266
Restricted stock and other awards21,018
 
 
 
 
 
Employee stock purchase program3,144
 52
 
 
 
 52
Balance, September 30, 20178,454,483
 $79,576
 $29,580
 $(2,396) $(193) $106,567
Balance, March 31, 20188,524,632
 $79,932
 $31,907
 $(2,396) $(463) $108,980
 
See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

TWO RIVER BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
For the NineThree Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017  
Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended March 31,
2018 20172019 2018
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Cash Flows From Operating Activities      
Net income$8,160
 $6,167
$2,783
 $2,676
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization480
 588
148
 166
Provision for loan losses775
 855
425
 400
Amortization of subordinated debt issuance costs26
 24
9
 8
Deferred income tax benefit(111) (371)
Net amortization of securities premiums and discounts597
 637
152
 186
Earnings from investment in bank owned life insurance(395) (411)(126) (130)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans held for sale37,904
 56,620
11,022
 11,830
Origination of mortgage loans held for sale(37,210) (53,429)(10,819) (11,963)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans held for sale(655) (1,003)(203) (201)
Gain on sale of loans transferred from held for investment to held for sale(200) (177)(37) (100)
Net realized loss on sale of OREO
 17
OREO writedown
 26
Stock-based compensation expense222
 202
83
 65
Death benefit on bank owned life insurance(17) 
Proceeds from sale of SBA loans held for sale3,088
 9,172
3,319
 1,412
Origination of SBA loans held for sale(1,086) (7,088)(3,113) 
Gain from sale of SBA loans held for sale(921) (817)(206) (331)
Unrealized loss on CRA Mutual Fund77
 
Increase in assets:   
Unrealized (gain) loss on equity securities(31) 40
Net non-cash operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities130
 
Decrease (increase) in assets:   
Accrued interest receivable(428) (79)(210) 62
Other assets(922) (243)359
 25
Increase (decrease) in liabilities:      
Accrued interest payable27
 14
34
 (1)
Other liabilities1,207
 1,179
(10) 614
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities10,635
 11,883
3,692
 4,758
Cash Flows From Investing Activities      
Purchase of securities available for sale(4,245) 

 (2,996)
Purchase of securities held to maturity(5,035) (3,295)
 (598)
Proceeds from repayments, calls and maturities of securities available for sale7,148
 4,431
919
 1,048
Proceeds from repayments, calls and maturities of securities held to maturity5,092
 3,740
1,502
 668
Proceeds from sale of loans transferred from held for investment to held for sale10,030
 8,357
1,973
 5,080
Net increase in loans(60,489) (71,363)(29,369) (26,539)
Purchases of premises and equipment(252) (1,276)(404) (84)
Purchase of restricted investments, net(567) (717)65
 (167)
Proceeds from sale of OREO
 216
Proceeds from death benefit of bank owned life insurance181
 
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities(48,318) (59,907)(25,133) (23,588)
Cash Flows From Financing Activities
      
Net increase in deposits44,188
 45,305
42,301
 9,347
Net (decrease) increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase(4,967) 2,661
Net decrease in securities sold under agreements to repurchase(4,217) (8,648)
Proceeds from FHLB and other borrowings
 7,500
20,000
 
Repayment of FHLB and other borrowings(1,300) (2,500)(21,800) (1,300)
Cash dividends paid – common stock(1,238) (1,034)(476) (382)
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan49
 52
16
 17
Proceeds from exercise of stock options345
 266
179
 172
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities37,077
 52,250
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents(606) 4,226
Net Cash Provided by (Used In) Financing Activities36,003
 (794)
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents14,562
 (19,624)
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Beginning48,219
 42,077
48,126
 48,219
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Ending$47,613
 $46,303
$62,688
 $28,595

TWO RIVER BANCORP
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited) (Continued)
For the NineThree Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017
      
Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended March 31,
2018 20172019 2018
(in thousands)(in thousands)
Supplementary cash flow information:      
Interest paid$3,577
 $4,148
$2,692
 $1,668
Income taxes paid$3,539
 $3,857
$4
 $7
Supplemental schedule of non-cash activities:      
Other real estate acquired in settlement of loans$585
 $
Transfer of loans held for investment to loans held for sale$9,830
 $8,180
$1,936
 $4,980

See notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.


TWO RIVER BANCORP
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
 
 
NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Two River Bancorp (the “Company”), a bank holding company, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Two River Community Bank (“Two River” or the “Bank”); Two River’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, TRCB Investment Corporation and TRCB Holdings Eight LLC. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
 
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for full year financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included and are of a normal, recurring nature. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2018.2019. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 20172018 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2018 (the “2017“2018 Form 10-K”). For a description of the Company’s significant accounting policies, refer to Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the 20172018 Form 10-K.
 
The Company has evaluated events and transactions occurring subsequent to the balance sheet date of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 for items that should potentially be recognized or disclosed in these consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 2 – NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
ASU 2014-09: In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), superseding the revenue recognition requirements in ASC 605. This ASU requires an entity to recognize revenue for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The amendment includes a five-step process to assist an entity in achieving the main principle(s) of revenue recognition under ASC 605. In March 2016, the FASB also issued ASU 2016-08, an amendment to the guidance in ASU 2014-09, which reframed the structure of the indicators of when an entity is acting as an agent and focused on evidence that an entity is acting as the principal or agent in a revenue transaction. ASU 2016-08 also eliminated two of the indicators (the entity’s consideration is in the form of a commission, and the entity is not exposed to credit risk) in making that determination. This amendment also clarifies that each indicator may be more or less relevant to the assessment depending on the terms and conditions of the contract. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, an amendment to ASU 2014-09, which provided practical expedients related to disclosures of remaining performance obligations, as well as other amendments to guidance on transition, collectability, non-cash consideration and presentation of sales and other similar taxes. The amendments, collectively, should be applied retrospectively to each prior reporting period presented or as a cumulative effect adjustment as of the date of adoption (modified retrospective approach).

Because the ASU does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments (including loans and securities), the Company concluded that the new guidance did not have a material impact on the elements of its consolidated statements of operations most closely associated with financial instruments (such as interest income, interest expense and securities gains). The Company completed its identification of all revenue streams included in its financial statements and has identified its deposit- related fees, service charges, debit and interchange income to be within the scope of the standard. The Company has also completed its review of the related contracts and its evaluation of certain costs related to these revenue streams to determine whether such costs should be presented as expenses or contra-revenue (i.e., gross vs. net). The Company's overall assessment indicates that adoption of this ASU will not materially change its current method and timing of recognizing revenue for the identified revenue streams. Based on its evaluation, the Company determined that the classification of certain debit card interchange costs should change (i.e. costs previously recorded as expenses are now recorded as contra-revenue). The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2018, on a modified retrospective approach. Since there was no net income impact upon adoption of the new guidance, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was not deemed necessary. Consistent with the modified retrospective approach, the Company did not adjust prior period amounts for the debit card interchange costs noted above. See Note 3, Revenue Recognition,

9

NOTE 2 - NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (Continued)

for more information. The adoption of this ASU, as discussed above, did not have a significant impact to the Company's financial condition, results of operations and consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-01: In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-03, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments -- Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Liabilities, that clarifies the guidance in ASU 2016-01. ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; provides for a practicability exception election for equity investments without readily determinable fair values; simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment; eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments; requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial assets on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements and clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity’s other deferred tax assets. ASU 2016-01 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company completed its evaluation of the provisions of ASU 2016-01 and determined that the CRA Mutual Fund falls under ASU 2016-01. The Company adopted this ASU effective January 1, 2018 and the impact amounted to a cumulative effect adjustment of $39,000, net of tax, as a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings. Additionally, all future unrealized gains and losses will be recognized in the Statements of Operations. As such, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018, an unrealized loss of $19,000 and $77,000, respectively, was recorded in Other Income (see Note 6, Securities, for more information). In connection with the adoption of this ASU, the Company elected the practicability exception to fair value measurement for the Solomon Hess SBA Loan Fund, which does not have a readily determinable fair value. Under the practicability exception, the Fund is measured at cost, less impairment, plus or minus observable price changes (in orderly transactions) of identical or similar investment of the same issuer. Additionally, the Company measured the fair value of its loan portfolio as of March 31, 2018 using an exit price notion, as required in ASC 820. The guidance was applied on a prospective approach resulting in prior periods no longer being comparable (see Note 13, Fair Value Measurements).

ASU 2016-02: In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases.Leases, which requires lessees to recognize leases on-balance sheet, makes targeted changes to lessor accounting, and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-01, Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842; ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases; and ASU No. 2018-11, Targeted Improvements.

ASC 842 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 31, 2018. A modified retrospective transition approach is required, applying the new standard to all leases existing at the date of initial application. An entity may choose to use either (1) the effective date or (2) the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements as its date of initial application. The Company has elected to use the effective date, January 1, 2019, as the date of initial application. Consequently, financial information will not be updated and the disclosures required under the new standard will not be provided for dates and periods before January 1, 2019.

From the lessee’slessee's perspective, the new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU)("ROU") model that requires a lessee to recordrecognize a ROU asset and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.months, subject to a policy election. The Company has elected the short-term lease recognition exemption such that the Company will not recognize ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with a term of less than 12 months from the commencement date. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement for a lessee. Fromleasee. Additionally, the lessor’s perspective,ASU expands quantitative and qualitative disclosures to help financial statement users better understand the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.

The new leasing standard requiresprovides a lessornumber of optional practical expedients in transition. The Company has elected the "package of practical expedients," which permits the Company not to classifyreassess prior conclusions about lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. The Company does not expect to elect the use-of-hindsight or the practical expedient pertaining to land easements; the latter not being applicable to the Company. ASC 842 also provides certain accounting policy elections for an entity's ongoing accounting. For operating leases as either sales-type, finance or operating. Awherein the Company is the lessee, the Company has elected the practical expedient to not separate lease will be treated as a sale if it transfersand non-lease components.

Under legacy lease accounting, all of the risks and rewards, as well as control of the underlying asset, to the lessee. If risks and rewards are conveyed without the transfer of control, the lease is treated as a financing. If the lessor doesn’t convey risks and rewards or control, an operating lease results. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operatingCompany's leases, existing at or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessors for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Company has not adopted the new accounting policy as of the filing date. The Company has yet to make an election on the method of adoption or which practical expedients, if any, will be elected. Our operating leasesprimarily relate primarily to office space and bank branches. Under current accounting standards, substantially all of the Company’s leases are consideredbranches, were classified as operating leases and, as such, are not recognized on the Company’sCompany's Consolidated Balance Sheet. Based on our current lease portfolio, uponSheet for periods prior to the adoption of the new accounting standard, we anticipate recognizingASC 842. The Company engaged a lease liabilitythird-party vendor and related right-of-use asset on our balance sheet. Management is continuingused their software to evaluateassist in implementing this ASU. Due to the Company’s outstanding inventory of leases and determining the effect of recognizing operating leases on the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition which is expected to be material. However, the final impact of the standard will depend on the composition of the Company’s leases as of the adoption date.


10

NOTE 2 - NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (Continued)

adoption of ASU 2016-02, the Company recognized an operating right-of-use asset of $5.0 million and a lease liability of $5.1 million on its balance sheet as of March 31, 2019. This negatively impacted the Company's capital ratios by approximately 5 basis points compared to December 31, 2018. See Note 8, Leases, for more information.

ASU 2016-13: In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326). This ASU requires entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Entities will now use forward-looking information to better form their credit loss estimates. The ASU also requires enhanced disclosures to help financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an entity’s portfolio. For public entities that are SEC filers, this ASU is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application will be permitted for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. WhileThe Company has formed a CECL committee, which has assessed our data and system needs, and has engaged a third-party vendor to assist in analyzing our data and developing a CECL model. The Company, in conjunction with this vendor, has researched and analyzed modeling standards, loan segmentation, as well as potential external inputs to supplement our historical loss history. We expect to recognize a one-time cumulative effect adjustment to the Companyallowance for loan losses as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the ASU is currently evaluating the provisions of ASU 2016-13 toeffective, but cannot yet determine the potentialmagnitude of any such one-time adjustment or the overall impact the new standard will have on its consolidated financial statements, it has taken steps to prepare for the implementation when it becomes effective, such as forming an internal task force, selecting an outside vendor, gathering pertinent data, and running quarterly update reports to evaluate output.

ASU 2016-15: In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 addresses changes to reduce the presentation diversity of certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows, including debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, settlement of certain debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, and distributions received from equity method investees. The guidance becomes effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all of the amendments in the same period. The new standard will be applied retrospectively, but may be applied prospectively if retrospective application would be impracticable. The Company adopted this ASU and the impact is not material on theour consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-18: In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. ASU 2016-18 was issued to address divergence in the way restricted cash is classified and presented. The amendments in the update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during a reporting period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. The amendments in this update apply to entities that have restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents and are required to present a statement of cash flows under Topic 230. The amendment says that transfers between cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents are not part of the entity's operating, investing, and financing activities. For public business entities, ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted this ASU and the impact is not material on the financial statements.

ASU 2017-04: In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350). ASU 2017-04 removes Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Under the amendments in this update, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The Board also eliminated the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Therefore, the same impairment assessment applies to all reporting units. An entity is required to disclose the amount of goodwill allocated to each reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount of net assets. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. For public entities that are SEC filers, this ASU is effective for its annual, or any goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company is currently evaluating the new guidance but has determined that this standard should not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2017-09:2017-08: In MayMarch 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables-Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. ASU No. 2017-09, Stock Compensation, Scope of Modification Accounting. This ASU clarifies when changes2017-08 shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the terms of conditions ofearliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a share-based payment award mustdiscount; the discount continues to be accounted for as modifications. Companiesamortized to maturity. ASU 2017-08 will apply the modification accounting guidance if the value, vesting conditions or classification of the award changes. The new guidance should reduce diversity in practice and result in fewer changes to the terms of an award being accounted for as modifications, as the guidance will allow companies to make certain non-substantive changes to awards without accounting for them as modifications. It does not change the accounting for modifications. ASU No. 2017-09 isbe effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017; early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this ASU and the impact is not material on the financial statements.

ASU 2018-02: In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) - Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. This ASU was issued to address

11

NOTE 2 - NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS (Continued)

a narrow-scope financial reporting issue that arose as a result of the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Reform”) on December 22, 2017. The objective of ASU 2018-02 is to address the tax effects of items within accumulated other comprehensive income (referred to as “stranded tax effects”) that do not reflect the appropriate tax rate enacted in the Tax Reform. As a result, the ASU 2018-02 allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the newly enacted federal corporate income tax rate. The amount of the reclassification would be the difference between the historical corporate income tax rate of 35 percent and the newly enacted corporate income tax rate of 21 percent. ASU 2018-02 is effectivepublic business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted, including adoption in an2019, and interim period. The amendments inperiods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. We are currently evaluating this ASU may be applied retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. Federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Reform is recognized. The Company adopted ASU 2018-02 effective January 1, 2018, anddetermine the impact amounted to $59,000 as a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings.on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2018-13: In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value MeasurementMeasurement.. ASU 2018-13 includes certain removals, modifications and additions to the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820. The updated guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Company will depend on the facts and circumstances of any specific future transactions. The Company has elected not to early adopt the additional disclosures required by the ASU until their effective date.

ASU 2019-01: In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-01, Leases: Codification Improvements. This ASU (1) states that for lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers, the fair value of the underlying asset is its cost, less any volume or trade discounts, as long as there isn’t a significant amount of time between acquisition of the asset and lease commencement; (2) clarifies that lessors in the scope of ASC 942 (such as the Company) must classify principal payments received from sales-type and direct financing leases in investing activities in the statement of cash flows; and (3) clarifies the transition guidance related to certain interim disclosures provided in the year of adoption. To coincide with the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02, the Company elected to early adopt ASU 2019-01 on January 1, 2019. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.


NOTE 3 - REVENUE RECOGNITION
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), and all subsequent ASUs that modified Topic 606. As stated in Note 1, New Accounting Standards, the implementation of the new standard did not have a material impact on the measurement or recognition of revenue; as such, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was not deemed necessary. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under Topic 606, while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under Topic 605.

Topic 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities. In addition, certain non-interest income streams such as fees associated with mortgage servicing rights, financial guarantees, derivatives, and certain credit card fees are also not in scope of the new guidance. Topic 606 is applicable to non-interest revenue streams, such as deposit related fees, interchange fees, merchant income, and brokerage and investment advisory service commissions. However, the recognition of these revenue streams did not change significantly upon adoption of Topic 606. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Non-interest revenue streams in-scope of Topic 606 are discussed below.

Service Fees on Deposit Accounts

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of account analysis fees (i.e., net fees earned on analyzed business and public checking accounts), monthly service fees, check orders, and other deposit account related fees. The Company’s performance obligation for account analysis fees and monthly service fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, over the period in which the service is provided. Check orders and other deposit account related fees are largely transactional based, and therefore, the Company’s performance obligation is satisfied, and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.

Other Income

Other non-interest income consists of other recurring revenue streams such as debit card income, credit card income, ATM fees, merchant services income, commissions from sales of mutual funds and other investments provided through a third party brokerage and investment advisory service firm, safe deposit box rental fees, and other miscellaneous revenue streams. Debit card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Company’s debit cards are processed through card payment networks, such as MasterCard. Credit card income is realized through a third party provider who issues credit cards as private label in the Company's name. ATM fees are primarily generated when a non-Company cardholder uses a Company ATM. The income is primarily comprised as a percentage of interchange fees earned whenever the issuer's card is processed through card payment networks, such as Visa and/or American Express. Merchant services income is realized through a third party service provider who is contracted by the Bank under a referral arrangement. Such fees represent fees charged to merchants to process their debit card transactions, in addition to account management fees. Other service charges include revenue from processing wire transfers, cashier’s checks, and other services. The Company’s performance obligation for fees, exchange, and other service charges are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month. Commissions received from the third party brokerage and investment advisory service firm from the sale of mutual funds and other investments are recognized when the firm has satisfied its performance obligation. The Company also receives periodic service fees (i.e., trailers) from this advisory service firm typically based on a percentage of net asset value. Trailer revenue is recorded over time, usually monthly or quarterly, as net asset value is determined. Safe deposit box rental fees are charged to the customer on an annual basis and recognized upon receipt of payment. The Company determined that since rentals and renewals occur fairly consistently over time, revenue is recognized on a basis consistent with the duration of the performance obligation.

The following presents non-interest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and 2017.2018.

13

NOTE 3 - REVENUE RECOGNITION (Continued)

Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended Three Months Ended
September 30, September 30, March 31,
2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018
(Dollars in Thousands) (Dollars in Thousands) (Dollars in Thousands)
Non-Interest Income           
In-scope of Topic 606           
Service fees on Deposit Accounts$236
 $224
 $713
 $535
Service fees on deposit accounts $166
 $238
Other income127
 195
 405
 549
 145
 133
Non-Interest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)363
 419
 1,118
 1,084
 311
 371
Non-Interest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)992
 1,034
 3,043
 3,032
 846
 939
Total Non-Interest Income$1,355
 $1,453
 $4,161
 $4,116
 $1,157
 $1,310

Contract Balances

A contract asset balance occurs when an entity performs a service for a customer before the customer pays consideration (resulting in a contract receivable) or before payment is due (resulting in a contract asset). A contract liability balance is an entity’s obligation to transfer a service to a customer for which the entity has already received payment (or payment is due) from the customer. The Company’s non-interest revenue streams are largely based on transactional activity, or standard month-end revenue accruals. Consideration is often received immediately or shortly after the Company satisfies its performance obligation and revenue is recognized. The Company does not typically enter into long-term revenue contracts with customers, and therefore, does not experience significant contract balances. As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company did not have any significant contract balances.

Contract Acquisition Costs

In connection with the adoption of Topic 606, an entity is required to capitalize, and subsequently amortize into expense, certain incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if these costs are expected to be recovered. The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that an entity incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained (for example, sales commission). The Company utilizes the practical expedient which allows entities to immediately expense contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs would have been amortized in one year or less. Upon adoption of Topic 606, the Company did not capitalize any contract acquisition cost.

NOTE 4 – GOODWILL

The Company’s goodwill was recognized in connection with the acquisition of The Town Bank (“Town Bank”) in April 2006. GAAP requires that goodwill be tested for impairment annually or more frequently if impairment indicators arise utilizing a two-step methodology. However, a qualitative factor test can be performed to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative impairment test. If this qualitative test determines it is not likely (less than 50% probability) the fair value of the reporting unit is less than book value, then the Company does not have to perform a step one quantitative test and goodwill can be considered not impaired. The Company reviewed the requirements of ASU 350-20 and examples of qualitative assessments to determine whether the weight of evidence indicates greater than 50% likelihood exists that the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds it's fair value. The nine qualitative assessments used are macroeconomic factors, banking industry conditions, banking industry merger and acquisition trends, bank historical performance, parent stock price, expected bank performance, change of control premium (parent), change of control premium (peer), and other factors.

The Company performed its annual qualitative factor impairment test as of August 31, 2018. Based on the results of this analysis, the Company determined that there was no impairment on the current goodwill balance of $18,109,000.


NOTE 5 – EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
 
Basic earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding excluding restricted stock awards outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share reflects additional shares of common stock that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential shares of common stock had been issued relating to outstanding stock options and restricted stock awards. Potential shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options are determined using the treasury stock method. All share and per share data have been adjusted to reflect a 5% stock dividend paid on February 28, 2017. 
 
The following table sets forth the computations of basic and diluted earnings per common share:
Three Months Ended
Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedMarch 31,
September 30, September 30,2019 2018
2018 2017 2018 2017(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data)
(In Thousands, Except Per Share Data)   
Net income$2,834
 $2,237
 $8,160
 $6,167
$2,783
 $2,676
          
Weighted average common shares outstanding – Basic8,513
 8,393
 8,489
 8,373
8,583
 8,447
   
Effect of dilutive securities, stock options and restricted stock187
 263
 206
 274
129
 228
          
Weighted average common shares outstanding – Diluted8,700
 8,656
 8,695
 8,647
8,712
 8,675
          
Basic earnings per common share$0.33
 $0.27
 $0.96
 $0.74
$0.32
 $0.32
          
Diluted earnings per common share$0.33
 $0.26
 $0.94
 $0.71
$0.32
 $0.31
 
Dilutive securities in the table above exclude common stock options with exercise prices that exceed the average market price of the Company’s common stock during the periods presented. Inclusion of these common stock options would be anti-dilutive to the diluted earnings per common share calculation. There were no stock options that were anti-dilutive for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and 2017.2018.



 NOTE 6 - SECURITIES

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair values of the Company’s securities are summarized as follows:
(In Thousands) 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
                
September 30, 2018:        
March 31, 2019:        
                
Securities available for sale:                
U.S. Government agency securities $12,096
 $
 $(203) $11,893
 $11,509
 $8
 $(143) $11,374
Municipal securities 489
 
 (1) 488
 485
 1
 
 486
U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (“GSE”) – residential mortgage-backed securities 6,567
 1
 (243) 6,325
 5,704
 1
 (136) 5,569
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 4,876
 2
 (248) 4,630
 4,364
 7
 (170) 4,201
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 1,999
 6
 (60) 1,945
 1,999
 1
 (78) 1,922
                
Total securities available for sale $26,027
 $9
 $(755) $25,281
 $24,061
 $18
 $(527) $23,552
                
Total equity securities $2,544
 $
 $(132) $2,412
 $2,574
 $
 $(77) $2,497
                
Securities held to maturity:                
Municipal securities $46,202
 $157
 $(380) $45,979
 $35,203
 $771
 $(3) $35,971
GSE – Residential mortgage-backed securities 7,709
 
 (325) 7,384
 7,130
 
 (125) 7,005
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 1,868
 
 (78) 1,790
 1,677
 
 (55) 1,622
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 1,827
 
 (112) 1,715
 1,828
 
 (128) 1,700
                
Total securities held to maturity $57,606
 $157
 $(895) $56,868
 $45,838
 $771
 $(311) $46,298

16


NOTE 6 – SECURITIES (Continued)


(In Thousands) 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
                
December 31, 2017:        
December 31, 2018:        
                
Securities available for sale:                
U.S. Government agency securities $10,105
 $
 $(48) $10,057
 $11,800
 $5
 $(170) $11,635
Municipal securities 494
 1
 
 495
 487
 
 
 487
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 8,362
 
 (143) 8,219
 6,131
 1
 (185) 5,947
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 7,672
 1
 (191) 7,482
 4,600
 1
 (178) 4,423
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 2,494
 9
 (72) 2,431
 1,999
 3
 (87) 1,915
                
Total securities available for sale $29,127
 $11
 $(454) $28,684
 $25,017
 $10
 $(620) $24,407
                
Total equity securities $2,503
 $
 $(55) $2,448
 $2,559
 $
 $(108) $2,451
                
Securities held to maturity:                
Municipal securities $46,614
 $812
 $(20) $47,406
 $36,436
 $389
 $(111) $36,714
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 7,339
 
 (98) 7,241
 7,423
 
 (211) 7,212
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 2,224
 
 (46) 2,178
 1,769
 
 (57) 1,712
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 1,825
 
 (101) 1,724
 1,827
 
 (199) 1,628
                
Total securities held to maturity $58,002
 $812
 $(265) $58,549
 $47,455
 $389
 $(578) $47,266
 
The amortized cost and fair value of the Company’s debt securities at September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. 
 Available for Sale Held to Maturity Available for Sale Held to Maturity
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 (In Thousands) (In Thousands)
                
Due in one year or less $1,255
 $1,242
 $14,600
 $14,616
 $3,751
 $3,739
 $4,525
 $4,537
Due in one year through five years 7,579
 7,509
 1,772
 1,790
 5,167
 5,152
 1,824
 1,875
Due in five years through ten years 723
 707
 8,087
 7,999
 1,213
 1,185
 7,278
 7,352
Due after ten years 5,027
 4,868
 23,570
 23,289
 3,862
 3,706
 23,404
 23,907
                
Sub-total 14,584
 14,326
 48,029
 47,694
 13,993
 13,782
 37,031
 37,671
                
                
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 6,567
 6,325
 7,709
 7,384
 5,704
 5,569
 7,130
 7,005
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 4,876
 4,630
 1,868
 1,790
 4,364
 4,201
 1,677
 1,622
                
Total $26,027

$25,281
 $57,606
 $56,868
 $24,061

$23,552
 $45,838
 $46,298


The Company had no security sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 or 2017.2018.


17


NOTE 6 – SECURITIES (Continued)


Investment securities with a carrying value of $32.5$30.1 million and $34.6$24.7 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively, were pledged as collateral to secure securities sold under agreements to repurchase and public deposits as required or permitted by law. 
 
The tables below indicate the length of time individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017:2018:
  Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
  
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
March 31, 2019: (In Thousands)
             
U.S. Government agency securities $
 $
 $9,930
 $(143) $9,930
 $(143)
Municipal securities 
 
 2,844
 (3) 2,844
 (3)
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 1,333
 (1) 11,114
 (260) 12,447
 (261)
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 121
 
 4,931
 (225) 5,052
 (225)
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 499
 (1) 2,622
 (205) 3,121
 (206)
Total temporarily impaired securities $1,953
 $(2) $31,441
 $(836) $33,394
 $(838)
 
  Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
  
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
September 30, 2018: (In Thousands)
             
U.S. Government agency securities $8,653
 $(148) $3,140
 $(55) $11,793
 $(203)
Municipal securities 21,077
 (346) 954
 (35) 22,031
 (381)
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 1,662
 (34) 11,920
 (534) 13,582
 (568)
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 1,361
 (51) 4,837
 (275) 6,198
 (326)
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 494
 (5) 2,160
 (167) 2,654
 (172)
Total temporarily impaired securities $33,247
 $(584) $23,011
 $(1,066) $56,258
 $(1,650)
 Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total Less than 12 Months 12 Months or More Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
December 31, 2017: (In Thousands)
December 31, 2018: (In Thousands)
                        
U.S. Government agency securities $8,229
 $(46) $1,766
 $(2) $9,995
 $(48) $4,842
 $(72) $5,470
 $(98) $10,312
 $(170)
Municipal securities 14,170
 (20) 
 
 14,170
 (20) 5,227
 (24) 8,378
 (87) 13,605
 (111)
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 6,302
 (66) 9,123
 (175) 15,425
 (241) 1,330
 (10) 11,675
 (386) 13,005
 (396)
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 1,806
 (20) 7,500
 (217) 9,306
 (237) 146
 
 5,938
 (235) 6,084
 (235)
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 
 
 2,648
 (173) 2,648
 (173) 493
 (8) 2,548
 (278) 3,041
 (286)
Equity securities 
 
 2,449
 (55) 2,449
 (55)
Total temporarily impaired securities $30,507
 $(152) $23,486
 $(622) $53,993
 $(774) $12,038
 $(114) $34,009
 $(1,084) $46,047
 $(1,198)
 
The Company had 7858 securities in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. In management’s opinion, the unrealized losses in corporate debt, U.S. Government agencies, municipals, U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations and GSE residential mortgage-backed securities reflect changes in interest rates subsequent to the acquisition of specific securities. The unrealized loss for corporate debt securities also reflects a widening of spreads due to the liquidity and credit concerns in the financial markets. The Company may, if conditions warrant, elect to sell debt securities at a loss and redeploy the proceeds into other investments in an effort to improve returns, risk profile and overall portfolio diversification. The Company will recognize any losses when the decision is made. As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company did not intend to sell these debt securities prior to market recovery.


18


NOTE 6 – SECURITIES (Continued)


Included in corporate debt securities are three individual trust preferred securities issued by large financial institutions, all with a Moody’s ratings from Baa1to Baa2. During the second quarterrating of 2018, one of our trust preferred securities was called at par value.Baa1. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, all of these securities are current with their scheduled interest payments. These single issue securities are all from large money center banks. Management concluded that these securities were not other-than-temporarily impaired as of September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. These three securities have an amortized cost value of $2.3 million and a fair value of $2.2$2.1 million at September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. 
 
There were no other-than-temporary impairments recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and 2017.2018.

Equity securities consist solely of the Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA") Mutual Fund. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2016-01 in January 2018, the Company determined that the CRA Mutual Fund falls under the provisions of ASU 2016-01and accordingly, this fund was transferred from available for sale and reclassified into equity securities on the balance sheet. These securities are measured at fair value with unrealized holding gains and losses reflected in net income. Effective January 1, 2018, the Company recorded a cumulative effect adjustment of $39,000 as a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings. Additionally as noted above, all future unrealized gains and losses will be recognized in the Statements of Operations. As such, during the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, an unrealized gain of $31,000 and an unrealized loss of $19,000 and $77,000$40,000, respectively, was recorded in Other Income.


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
 
Loans receivable, which management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or payoff are stated at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of an allowance for loan losses and any deferred fees or costs. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the yield (interest income) of the related loans. The Company is generally amortizing these amounts over the contractual life of the loan.
 
Loans held for sale are designated at time of origination. They generally consist of newly originated fixed rate residential mortgage loans and salable SBA loans and are recorded at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate. The Company typically retains adjustable-rate mortgages ("ARM") loans in its portfolio, however occasionally, the Company may elect to sell a small pool of these loans as a part of its strategy to manage interest rate risk. During the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, the Company had no transferstransferred $1.9 million and $5.0 million, respectively, from held for investment to held for sale, therefore there were no gainssale. Gains from such sales were $37,000 and $100,000 for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company transferred $9.8 million and $8.2 million, with gains from such sales of $200,000 and $177,000, respectively. Transfers from held for investment occur at the lower of cost or fair value, less costs to sell. Gains are recognized on a settlement-date basis and are determined by the difference between the net sales proceeds and the carrying value of the loans, including any net deferred fees or costs. Depending on the type of loan sold, servicing may or may not be retained.
 
The loans receivable portfolio is segmented into five categories, those being a) Commercial and industrial, b) Real estate-construction (consisting of both residential and commercial construction), c) Real estate-commercial, d) Real estate-residential, and e) Consumer.
 
For all classes of loans receivable, the accrual of interest is discontinued when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due or management has serious doubts about further collectability of principal or interest, even though the loan is currently performing. A loan may remain on accrual status if it is in the process of collection and is either guaranteed or well secured. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest previously accrued on these loans is reversed from income. Interest received on nonaccrual loans, including impaired loans, generally is either applied against principal or reported as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the collectability of principal. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time (generally six months) and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. The past due status of all classes of loans receivable is determined based on contractual due dates for loan payments.
 
The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date and is recorded as a reduction to loans. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in its unfunded loan commitments and is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet, which at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company had no such reserves. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses, and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans deemed to be uncollectable are charged against the allowance for loan losses,

19


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. All, or part, of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely.
 
The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated. Management performs a monthly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance. The allowance is based on the Company’s past loan

NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.
  
The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of the loan. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. When a loan is impaired, there are three acceptable methods under ASC 310-10-35 for measuring the impairment:
 
1.The loan’s observable market price;

2.The fair value of the underlying collateral; or

3.The present value (PV) of expected future cash flows.
 
Loans that are considered “collateral-dependent” should be evaluated under the “Fair market value of collateral.” Loans that are still expected to be supported by repayment from the borrower should be evaluated under the “Present value of future cash flows.”
 
For the most part, the Company measures impairment under the “Fair market value of collateral” for any loan that would rely on the value of collateral for recovery in the event of default. The individual impairment analysis for each loan is clearly documented as to the chosen valuation method.

The general component covers pools of loans by loan class including commercial and industrial, real estate-construction and real estate-commercial not considered impaired as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans such as real estate-residential and consumer.
 
These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans, adjusted for qualitative factors. These qualitative risk factors include: 

1.Changes in lending policy and procedures, including changes in underwriting standards and collection practices not previously considered in estimating credit losses.
 
2.Changes in relevant economic and business conditions.

3.Changes in nature and volume of the loan portfolio and in the terms of loans.

4.Changes in experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff.

5.Changes in the volume and severity of past due loans, the volume of non-accrual loans and the volume and severity of adversely classified loans.

6.Changes in the quality of the loan review system.

7.Changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans.

8.The existence and effect of any concentration of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations.

9.The effect of other external forces such as competition, legal and regulatory requirements on the level of estimated credit losses in the existing portfolio.
 
Each factor is assigned a risk value to reflect low, moderate or high risk assessments based on management’s best judgment using current market, macro and other relevant information available at the time of the evaluation. Adjustments to the factors are supported through documentation in each factor and accompany the allowance for loan loss calculation.

During the fourth quarter of 2018, Management employed a more refined estimation in determining the risk levels assigned to each of its qualitative factors in the allowance for loan losses. While this did not result in a significant change to the allowance for loan losses as a whole, it did result in increasing or decreasing the provision for certain loan categories that the Company either had experienced more or less historical net charge-offs.

20


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial and industrial, real estate-commercial, real estate-construction, real estate-residential and consumer loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.
 
An allowance for loan losses is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. The estimated fair values of substantially all of the Company’s impaired loans are measured based on the estimated fair value of the loan’s collateral.
 
For commercial loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a real estate secured loan becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated certified appraisal of the real estate is necessary. This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal and the condition of the property. Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value. The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.
 
For commercial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, estimated fair values are determined based on the borrower’s financial statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable aging or equipment appraisals or invoices. Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets.

The allowance calculation methodology includes further segregation of loan classes into risk rating categories. The borrower’s overall financial condition, repayment sources, guarantors and value of collateral, if appropriate, are evaluated annually for commercial loans or when credit deficiencies arise, such as delinquent loan payments, for commercial and consumer loans. Credit quality risk ratings include regulatory classifications of special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss. Loans classified special mention have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If uncorrected, the potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects. Loans classified substandard have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They include loans that are inadequately protected by the current sound net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. Loans classified doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in loans classified substandard with the added characteristics that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of current conditions and facts, is highly improbable. Loans classified as a loss are considered uncollectable and are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Loans not classified are rated pass.
 
In addition, federal and state regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination, which may not be currently available to management. Based on management’s comprehensive analysis of the loan portfolio, management believes the current level of the allowance for loan losses is adequate.

21


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


The components of the loan portfolio held for investment at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 are as follows: 
 September 30, December 31, March 31, December 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
 (In Thousands) (In Thousands)
        
Commercial and industrial $104,118
 $101,371
 $112,157
 $109,362
Real estate – construction 141,881
 118,094
 140,279
 144,865
Real estate – commercial 548,763
 537,733
 577,270
 552,549
Real estate – residential 75,973
 64,238
 89,455
 84,123
Consumer 30,895
 30,203
 30,122
 31,144
        
 901,630
 851,639
 949,283
 922,043
Allowance for loan losses (11,390) (10,668) (11,582) (11,398)
Net unearned fees (735) (765) (790) (742)
        
Net Loans $889,505
 $840,206
 $936,911
 $909,903

The performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio is monitored by analyzing the age of the loans receivable as determined by the length of time a recorded payment is past due. The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the past due status as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017:2018:
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days &
Greater
 
Total Past
Due
 Current 
Total Loans
Receivable
 
Loans
Receivable
>90 Days and
Accruing
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days &
Greater
 
Total Past
Due
 Current 
Total Loans
Receivable
 
Loans
Receivable
>90 Days and
Accruing
September 30, 2018:     (In Thousands)    
March 31, 2019:     (In Thousands)    
                            
Commercial and industrial $87
 $
 $765
 $852
 $103,266
 $104,118
 $
 $
 $
 $600
 $600
 $111,557
 $112,157
 $
Real estate – construction 3,390
 
 150
 3,540
 138,341
 141,881
 
 
 
 2,833
 2,833
 137,446
 140,279
 
Real estate – commercial 19
 147
 54
 220
 548,543
 548,763
 
 
 
 54
 54
 577,216
 577,270
 
Real estate – residential 
 286
 227
 513
 75,460
 75,973
 
 901
 
 227
 1,128
 88,327
 89,455
 
Consumer 77
 
 194
 271
 30,624
 30,895
 
 117
 
 194
 311
 29,811
 30,122
 
                            
Total $3,573
 $433
 $1,390
 $5,396
 $896,234
 $901,630
 $
 $1,018
 $
 $3,908
 $4,926
 $944,357
 $949,283
 $

 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days &
Greater
 
Total Past
Due
 Current 
Total Loans
Receivable
 
Loans
Receivable
>90 Days and
Accruing
 
30-59 Days
Past Due
 
60-89 Days
Past Due
 
90 Days &
Greater
 
Total Past
Due
 Current 
Total Loans
Receivable
 
Loans
Receivable
>90 Days and
Accruing
December 31, 2017:     (In Thousands)    
December 31, 2018:     (In Thousands)    
                            
Commercial and industrial $224
 $
 $790
 $1,014
 $100,357
 $101,371
 $
 $100
 $
 $765
 $865
 $108,497
 $109,362
 $
Real estate – construction 
 
 150
 150
 117,944
 118,094
 
 3,575
 
 150
 3,725
 141,140
 144,865
 
Real estate – commercial 146
 150
 219
 515
 537,218
 537,733
 
 563
 
 54
 617
 551,932
 552,549
 
Real estate – residential 290
 
 717
 1,007
 63,231
 64,238
 
 
 564
 227
 791
 83,332
 84,123
 
Consumer 92
 
 194
 286
 29,917
 30,203
 
 
 
 194
 194
 30,950
 31,144
 
                            
Total $752
 $150
 $2,070
 $2,972
 $848,667
 $851,639
 $
 $4,238
 $564
 $1,390
 $6,192
 $915,851
 $922,043
 $


22


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


The following table presents non-accrual loans by classes of the loan portfolio at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017:
2018:
 September 30, December 31, March 31, December 31,
 2018 2017 2019 2018
 (In Thousands) (In Thousands)
        
Commercial and industrial $765
 $790
 $600
 $765
Real estate – construction 150
 150
 2,833
 150
Real estate – commercial 54
 219
 54
 54
Real estate – residential 227
 717
 227
 227
Consumer 194
 194
 194
 194
        
Total $1,390
 $2,070
 $3,908
 $1,390
 
There were no new troubled debt restructurings ("TDRs") that occurred during the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 or 2018. There was one new commercial and industrial TDR, which had a pre and post-modification outstanding recorded investment in the amount of $170,000, that occured during the three months ended September 30, 2017.
The following table presents new TDR's that occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2017:

  Nine months ended September 30, 2017
  
Number of
Contracts
 
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Post-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
  (Dollars in Thousands)
Troubled debt restructuring:      
Commercial and industrial 2
 $320
 $320
Real estate - construction 1
 $150
 $150
  3
 $470
 $470


Loans whose terms are modified are classified as TDRs if the Company grants such borrowers concessions and it is deemed that those borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions granted under a TDR generally involve a temporary reduction in interest rate or a modification of a loan’s amortization schedule. Non-accrual TDRs are restored to accrual status if principal and interest payments, under the modified terms, are current for six consecutive months after the modification is in place. Loans classified as TDRs, including those restored to accrual status, are designated as impaired.
 
The Company’s TDR modifications are made on terms typically up to 12 months in order to aggressively monitor and track performance of the credit. The short-term modifications are monitored for continued performance for an additional period of time after the expiration of the concession. Balance reductions and annualized loss rates are also important metrics that are monitored. The main objective of the modification program is to reduce the payment burden for the borrower and to deleverage the Company’s exposure.
 
Impaired loans are individually assessed to determine that the loan’s carrying value is not in excess of the estimated fair value of the collateral (less cost to sell), if the loan is collateral dependent, or the present value of the expected future cash flows, if the loan is not collateral dependent. Management performs a detailed evaluation of each impaired loan and generally obtains updated appraisals as part of the evaluation. In addition, management adjusts estimated fair value down to appropriately consider recent market conditions, our willingness to accept a lower sales price to effect a quick sale, and costs to dispose of any supporting collateral.  
 
At September 30,March 31, 2019, TDRs totaled $7.4 million, including $6.7 million that were current and five non-accrual loans totaling $711,000. As of December 31, 2018, TDRs totaled $6.6$7.7 million, including $5.7$6.8 million that were current and six non-accrual loans totaling $877,000. As of December 31, 2017, TDRs totaled $7.1 million, including $6.1 million that were current and seven non-accrual loans totaling $1.0 million. At both September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company had no specific reserve against any loan relationship classified as TDR.
 

23


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


There were no loans receivable modified as TDRs and with a payment default occurring within 12 months of the restructure date, and the payment default occurring during the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively.
 
It is the Company’s policy to classify a TDR that is either 90 days or greater delinquent or that has been placed on a non-accrual status as a subsequently defaulted TDR. 

The following tables summarize information in regards to both the recorded investment balance information for impaired loans by loan portfolio class at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, and the average recorded investment balance information for impaired loans by loan portfolio class for the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively:
 
  As of September 30, 2018 For the three months ended September 30, 2018 For the nine months ended September 30, 2018
  
Recorded
Investment,
Net of
Charge-offs
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
  (In Thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:              
Commercial and industrial $3,023
 $3,023
 $
 $3,080
 $29
 $3,190
 $96
Real estate – construction 3,090
 3,090
 
 3,101
 34
 3,126
 101
Real estate – commercial 171
 171
 
 173
 1
 175
 4
Real estate – residential 591
 591
 
 592
 4
 594
 13
Consumer 194
 194
 
 194
 
 194
 
               
With an allowance recorded:              
Commercial and industrial $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
Real estate – construction 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – commercial 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – residential 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer 
 
 
 
 
 
 
               
Total:              
Commercial and industrial $3,023
 $3,023
 $
 $3,080
 $29
 $3,190
 $96
Real estate – construction 3,090
 3,090
 
 3,101
 34
 3,126
 101
Real estate – commercial 171
 171
 
 173
 1
 175
 4
Real estate – residential 591
 591
 
 592
 4
 594
 13
Consumer 194
 194
 
 194
 
 194
 
               
Total $7,069
 $7,069
 $
 $7,140
 $68
 $7,279
 $214


24


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


 As of December 31, 2017 For the three months ended September 30, 2017 For the nine months ended September 30, 2017 As of March 31, 2019 For the three months ended March 31, 2019
 
Recorded
Investment,
Net of
Charge-offs
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 
Recorded
Investment,
Net of
Charge-offs
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
 (In Thousands) (In Thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:                        
Commercial and industrial $3,350
 $3,697
 $
 $3,663
 $36
 $3,862
 $118
 $3,922
 $3,922
 $
 $3,862
 $43
Real estate – construction 3,148
 3,148
 
 3,142
 33
 3,166
 100
 5,765
 6,007
 
 5,884
 34
Real estate – commercial 344
 344
 
 1,131
 10
 1,165
 30
 166
 166
 
 167
 1
Real estate – residential 1,086
 1,086
 
 1,094
 5
 1,111
 14
 587
 587
 
 588
 5
Consumer 194
 194
 

 300
 
 301
 1
 194
 194
 
 194
 
                        
With an allowance recorded:                        
Commercial and industrial $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
Real estate – construction 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – commercial 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – residential 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                        
Total:                        
Commercial and industrial $3,350
 $3,697
 $
 $3,663
 $36
 $3,862
 $118
 $3,922
 $3,922
 $
 $3,862
 $43
Real estate – construction 3,148
 3,148
 
 3,142
 33
 3,166
 100
 5,765
 6,007
 
 5,884
 34
Real estate – commercial 344
 344
 
 1,131
 10
 1,165
 30
 166
 166
 
 167
 1
Real estate – residential 1,086
 1,086
 
 1,094
 5
 1,111
 14
 587
 587
 
 588
 5
Consumer 194
 194
 

 300
 
 301
 1
 194
 194
 
 194
 
                        
Total $8,122
 $8,469
 $
 $9,330
 $84
 $9,605
 $263
 $10,634
 $10,876
 $
 $10,695
 $83


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


  As of December 31, 2018 For the three months ended March 31, 2018
  
Recorded
Investment,
Net of
Charge-offs
 
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
Related
Allowance
 
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
Interest
Income
Recognized
  (In Thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:          
Commercial and industrial $4,200
 $4,200
 $
 $3,203
 $33
Real estate – construction 3,082
 3,082
 
 3,145
 33
Real estate – commercial 168
 168
 
 334
 2
Real estate – residential 589
 589
 
 1,085
 5
Consumer 194
 194
 

 234
 
           
With an allowance recorded:          
Commercial and industrial $
 $
 $
 $
 $
Real estate – construction 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – commercial 
 
 
 
 
Real estate – residential 
 
 
 
 
Consumer 
 
 
 
 
           
Total:          
Commercial and industrial $4,200
 $4,200
 $
 $3,203
 $33
Real estate – construction 3,082
 3,082
 
 3,145
 33
Real estate – commercial 168
 168
 
 334
 2
Real estate – residential 589
 589
 
 1,085
 5
Consumer 194
 194
 

 234
 
           
Total $8,233
 $8,233
 $
 $8,001
 $73
 
 

25


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


The following tables present the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aggregate pass rating and the classified ratings of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017:2018:
  Pass 
Special
Mention
 Substandard Doubtful Total
  (In Thousands)
March 31, 2019:          
           
Commercial and industrial $107,647
 $116
 $4,394
 $
 $112,157
Real estate – construction 134,514
 1,569
 4,196
 
 140,279
Real estate – commercial 573,886
 2,656
 728
 
 577,270
Real estate – residential 89,228
 
 227
 
 89,455
Consumer 29,762
 
 360
 
 30,122
           
Total $935,037
 $4,341
 $9,905
 $
 $949,283

  Pass 
Special
Mention
 Substandard Doubtful Total
  (In Thousands)
September 30, 2018:          
           
Commercial and industrial $101,000
 $95
 $3,023
 $
 $104,118
Real estate – construction 135,865
 4,511
 1,505
 
 141,881
Real estate – commercial 543,766
 4,453
 544
 
 548,763
Real estate – residential 75,746
 
 227
 
 75,973
Consumer 30,530
 
 365
 
 30,895
           
Total $886,907
 $9,059
 $5,664
 $
 $901,630
 Pass 
Special
Mention
 Substandard Doubtful Total Pass 
Special
Mention
 Substandard Doubtful Total
 (In Thousands) (In Thousands)
December 31, 2017:          
December 31, 2018:          
                    
Commercial and industrial $97,160
 $796
 $3,299
 $116
 $101,371
 $104,557
 $126
 $4,679
 $
 $109,362
Real estate – construction 112,353
 4,252
 1,489
 
 118,094
 138,858
 1,577
 4,430
 
 144,865
Real estate – commercial 525,951
 5,681
 6,101
 
 537,733
 549,083
 2,722
 744
 
 552,549
Real estate – residential 63,521
 
 717
 
 64,238
 83,896
 
 227
 
 84,123
Consumer 29,795
 34
 374
 
 30,203
 30,782
 
 362
 
 31,144
                    
Total $828,780
 $10,763
 $11,980
 $116
 $851,639
 $907,176
 $4,425
 $10,442
 $
 $922,043
 
The following tables present the balance in the allowance for loan losses at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment method by class of loans receivable along with the balance of loans receivable by class disaggregated on the basis of the Company’s impairment methodology:
 
 Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable
 Balance 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Individually
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 Balance 
Balance
Individually
Evaluated for
Impairment
 
Balance
Collectively
Evaluated for
Impairment
 Balance 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Individually
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 Balance 
Balance
Individually
Evaluated for
Impairment
 
Balance
Collectively
Evaluated for
Impairment
     (In Thousands)         (In Thousands)    
September 30, 2018:            
March 31, 2019:            
                        
Commercial and industrial $929
 $
 $929
 $104,118
 $3,023
 $101,095
 $773
 $
 $773
 $112,157
 $3,922
 $108,235
Real estate – construction 1,674
 
 1,674
 141,881
 3,090
 138,791
 2,011
 
 2,011
 140,279
 5,765
 134,514
Real estate – commercial 7,468
 
 7,468
 548,763
 171
 548,592
 7,487
 
 7,487
 577,270
 166
 577,104
Real estate – residential 596
 
 596
 75,973
 591
 75,382
 711
 
 711
 89,455
 587
 88,868
Consumer 130
 
 130
 30,895
 194
 30,701
 135
 
 135
 30,122
 194
 29,928
Unallocated 593
 
 593
 
 
 
 465
 
 465
 
 
 
                        
Total $11,390
 $
 $11,390
 $901,630
 $7,069
 $894,561
 $11,582
 $
 $11,582
 $949,283
 $10,634
 $938,649

26


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


 
 Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable Allowance for Loan Losses Loans Receivable
 Balance 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Individually
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 Balance 
Balance
Individually
Evaluated for
Impairment
 
Balance
Collectively
Evaluated for
Impairment
 Balance 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Individually
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 
Balance
Related to
Loans
Collectively
Evaluated
for
Impairment
 Balance 
Balance
Individually
Evaluated for
Impairment
 
Balance
Collectively
Evaluated for
Impairment
     (In Thousands)         (In Thousands)    
December 31, 2017:            
December 31, 2018:            
                        
Commercial and industrial $930
 $
 $930
 $101,371
 $3,350
 $98,021
 $745
 $
 $745
 $109,362
 $4,200
 $105,162
Real estate – construction 1,389
 
 1,389
 118,094
 3,148
 114,946
 2,049
 
 2,049
 144,865
 3,082
 141,783
Real estate – commercial 7,325
 
 7,325
 537,733
 344
 537,389
 7,283
 
 7,283
 552,549
 168
 552,381
Real estate – residential 502
 
 502
 64,238
 1,086
 63,152
 668
 
 668
 84,123
 589
 83,534
Consumer 174
 
 174
 30,203
 194
 30,009
 147
 
 147
 31,144
 194
 30,950
Unallocated 348
 
 348
 
 
 
 506
 
 506
 
 
 
                        
Total $10,668
 $
 $10,668
 $851,639
 $8,122
 $843,517
 $11,398
 $
 $11,398
 $922,043
 $8,233
 $913,810

During the fourth quarter of 2018, Management employed a more refined estimation in determining the risk levels assigned to each of its qualitative factors in the allowance for loan losses. While this did not result in a significant change to the allowance for loan losses as a whole, it did result in increasing or decreasing the provision for certain loan categories that the Company either had experienced more or less historical net charge-offs.

The following table presents the change in the allowance for loan losses by classes of loans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and 2017:
2018:
Allowance for Loan
Losses
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
 
Real Estate -
Residential
 Consumer Unallocated Total
      (In Thousands)      
Beginning balance, July 1, 2018 $976
 $1,572
 $7,515
 $520
 $153
 $465
 $11,201
Charge-offs 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recoveries 33
 
 6
 
 
 
 39
Provision (80) 102
 (53) 76
 (23) 128
 150
               
Ending balance, September 30, 2018 $929
 $1,674
 $7,468
 $596
 $130
 $593
 $11,390
Allowance for Loan
Losses
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
 
Real Estate -
Residential
 Consumer Unallocated Total
             
Beginning balance, January 1, 2018 $930
 $1,389
 $7,325
 $502
 $174
 $348
 $10,668
Charge-offs (116) 
 (12) 
 
 
 (128)
Recoveries 33
 3
 19
 
 20
 
 75
Provision 82
 282
 136
 94
 (64) 245
 775
               
Ending balance, September 30, 2018 $929
 $1,674
 $7,468
 $596
 $130
 $593
 $11,390


27


NOTE 7 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES (Continued)


Allowance for Loan
Losses
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
 
Real Estate -
Residential
 Consumer Unallocated Total
             
Beginning balance, January 1, 2019 $745
 $2,049
 $7,283
 $668
 $147
 $506
 $11,398
Charge-offs 
 (242) 
 
 (5) 
 (247)
Recoveries 
 
 4
 
 2
 
 6
Provision 28
 204
 200
 43
 (9) (41) 425
               
Ending balance, March 31, 2019 $773
 $2,011
 $7,487
 $711
 $135
 $465
 $11,582

Allowance for Loan 
Losses
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
 
Real Estate -
Residential
 Consumer Unallocated Total
      (In Thousands)      
Beginning balance, July 1, 2017 $898
 $1,284
 $6,781
 $466
 $172
 $352
 $9,953
Charge-offs 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Recoveries 4
 4
 6
 
 1
 
 15
Provision (15) 79
 119
 22
 1
 49
 255
               
Ending balance, September 30, 2017 $887
 $1,367
 $6,906
 $488
 $174
 $401
 $10,223
Allowance for Loan
Losses
 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
 
Real Estate -
Residential
 Consumer Unallocated Total 
Commercial
and
Industrial
 
Real Estate -
Construction
 
Real Estate -
Commercial
 
Real Estate -
Residential
 Consumer Unallocated Total
     (In Thousands)           (In Thousands)      
Beginning balance, January 1, 2017 $844
 $1,276
 $6,315
 $463
 $244
 $423
 $9,565
Beginning balance, January 1, 2018 $930
 $1,389
 $7,325
 $502
 $174
 $348
 $10,668
Charge-offs (248) 
 
 
 
 
 (248) (115) 
 
 
 
 
 (115)
Recoveries 17
 12
 17
 
 5
 
 51
 
 3
 6
 
 
 
 9
Provision 274
 79
 574
 25
 (75) (22) 855
 152
 97
 54
 (3) (18) 118
 400
                            
Ending balance, September 30, 2017 $887
 $1,367
 $6,906
 $488
 $174
 $401
 $10,223
Ending balance, March 31, 2018 $967
 $1,489
 $7,385
 $499
 $156
 $466
 $10,962


NOTE 8 - LEASES

The Company follows ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)," which revised certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of leasing transactions. ASU 2016-02 requires that lessees recognize the assets and liabilities on its balance sheet that arise from all leases with a term greater than 12 months. The core principle requires the lessee to recognize a liability to make lease payments and a "right-of-use" asset. The Company adopted this standard as of January 1, 2019. We have elected to apply ASU 2016-02 as of the beginning of the period of adoption and will not restate comparative periods.

Operating leases, in which we are the lessee, are recorded as Operating Right-of-Use ("ROU") Assets and Operating Lease Liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We do not currently have any finance leases in which we are the lessee. Operating lease ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and operating lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at lease commencement based on the present value of the remaining lease payments using a discount rate that represents our Incremental Borrowing Rate (“IBR”). The IBR was calculated for each lease by taking comparable term FHLB fixed rate borrowings based on the remaining terms of each respective lease and adding a proportionate market spread based on an unsecured borrowing. The IBR for each lease is unique based on the lease term. Operating lease expense, which is comprised of amortization of the ROU asset and the implicit interest accreted on the operating lease liability, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term, and is recorded in Occupancy and Equipment expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income. For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, operating lease expense amounted to $455,000 and $451,000, respectively.

Our leases relate primarily to bank branches and equipment with remaining lease terms of generally one to ten years. Certain lease arrangements contain extension options which typically range from one to five years at the then fair market rental rates. As these extension options are not generally considered reasonably certain of exercise, they are not included in the lease term. As of March 31, 2019, operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities were $5.0 million and $5.1 million, respectively. The table below summarizes information related to our operating leases:

(In thousands, except percentages and years)March 31, 2019
Right-of-use asset$4,997
Weighted remaining lease term in years4.5
Weighted average discount rate4.30%

(In thousands)Three months ended March 31, 2019
Operating cash flows from operating leases$370
Variable lease costs (1)
$85

(In thousands) 
Twelve months ended March 31, 
2020$1,427
20211,329
20221,175
2023803
2024410
Thereafter503
Total Lease Payments$5,647
Interest(520)
Present Value of Lease Liabilities$5,127

(1) Variable lease costs represents variable payments, such as common area maintenance and utilities.


NOTE 89 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
 
The Two River Bancorp 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) provides that the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors (the “Committee”) may grant to those individuals who are eligible under the terms of the Plan stock options, shares of restricted stock, or such other equity incentive awards as the Committee may determine. As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the number of shares of Company common stock remaining and available for future issuance under the Plan is 126,469.99,269. Shares reserved under the Plan will be issued out of authorized and unissued shares, or treasury shares, or partly out of cash, as determined by the Board. All share and per share data have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the 5% stock dividend paid on February 28, 2017 to shareholders of record as of February 9, 2017.
 
From the adoption of the Plan until March 20, 2017, options awarded under the Plan were permitted to be either options that qualify as incentive stock options (“ISOs”) under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), or options that do not, or cease to, qualify as incentive stock options under the Code (“nonqualified stock options” or “NQSOs”). However, after March 20, 2017, only NQSOs may be awarded under the Plan. Awards may be granted under the Plan to directors and employees, and to consultants and other persons who provide substantial services to the Company.

The exercise price per share purchasable under an option awarded under the Plan may not be less than the fair market value of a share of stock on the date of grant of the option. The Committee determines the vesting period and term of each option, provided that no ISO is permitted to have a term in excess of ten years after the date of grant.
 
Restricted stock is stock which is subject to certain transfer restrictions and to a risk of forfeiture. The Committee will determine the period over which any restricted stock which is issued under the Plan will vest, and will impose such restrictions on transferability, risk of forfeiture and other restrictions as the Committee may in its discretion determine. Unless restricted by the Committee, a participant granted restricted stock will have all of the rights of a shareholder (except for the aforesaid transfer restrictions and risk of forfeitures), including the right to vote the restricted stock and the right to receive dividends with respect to that stock.
 
Unless otherwise provided by the Committee in the award document or subject to other applicable restrictions, in the event of a Change in Control (as defined in the Plan) all non-forfeited options and awards carrying a right to exercise that was not previously exercisable and vested will become fully exercisable and vested as of the time of the Change in Control, and all restricted stock and awards subject to risk of forfeiture will become fully vested.
 
Stock Options
 
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, there were no stock options granted.
 
Stock-based compensation expense related to the vesting of stock options granted in prior periods was approximately $14,000 and $46,000$9,000 during the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, as compared to $20,000 and 60,000$15,000 for the same three and nine month period in 20172018 and is included in salaries and employee benefits on the statement of operations.
 
Total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested options granted under the Plan was $70,000$46,000 as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and will be recognized over the subsequent weighted average life of 1.4 years.1.6 years
 
The following table presents information regarding the Company’s outstanding stock options at September 30, 2018:March 31, 2019:
  Number of Shares 
Weighted
Average
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2018 242,533
 $5.89
    
Options granted 
 
    
Options exercised (47,952) 3.95
    
Options forfeited 
 
    
Options outstanding, March 31, 2019 194,581
 $6.38
 4.12 $1,842,241
Options exercisable, March 31, 2019 173,278
 $6.05
 3.83 $1,698,702
Option exercise price range at March 31, 2019 $2.87 to $11.21
      
 

29


NOTE 89 – STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS (Continued)



  Number of Shares 
Weighted
Average
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life (years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Options outstanding, December 31, 2017 361,507
 $5.20
    
Options granted 
 
    
Options exercised (92,560) 3.72
    
Options forfeited (3,150) 8.83
    
Options outstanding, September 30, 2018 265,797
 $5.67
 3.18 $3,100,229
Options exercisable, September 30, 2018 227,625
 $5.15
 3.69 $2,773,832
Option exercise price range at September 30, 2018 $2.87 to $11.21
      

The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $401,000$574,000 and $1,294,000,$631,000, respectively. Cash received from such exercises was $179,000 and $107,000 and $345,000, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $351,000 and $875,000, respectively. Cash received from such exercises was $105,000 and $266,000,$172,000, respectively. Income tax benefit of $36,000$41,000 and $168,000 were$88,000 was recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and tax benefits of $32,000 and $139,000 were recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017respectively, relating to the adoption of ASU 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting attributable to stock options.
 
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model.
 
Restricted Stock
 
Restricted stock is valued at the market value on the date of grant and expense is attributed to the period in which the restrictions lapse.
 
Compensation expense related to restricted stock was $69,000 and $177,000$74,000 for the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, as compared to $37,000 and $142,000$50,000 for the three and nine month period ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and is included in salaries and employee benefits on the statement of operations. AnThere was no income tax benefit of $0 and $2,000 was recognized in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 relating to the adoption of ASU 2016-09 attributable to restricted stock awards. There wasawards compared to an income tax benefit of $0 and $38,000 recognized$2,000 during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
 
Total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock under the Plan as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 was $773,000$984,000 and will be recognized over the subsequent weighted average life of 3.23.5 years.

The following table summarizes information about restricted stock at September 30, 2018:
March 31, 2019:
 Number of Shares Weighted
Average Price
 Number of Shares Weighted
Average Price
Unvested at December 31, 2017 49,021
 $14.01
Unvested at December 31, 2018 68,040
 $15.61
Restricted stock earned (8,816) 13.62
 (4,103) 10.65
Granted 19,400
 18.03
 12,150
 15.86
Awards forfeited (500) 18.32
 
 
Unvested at September 30, 2018 59,105
 $15.34
 76,087
 $15.94

NOTE 910 – GUARANTEES
 
The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk in excess of the amount recognized in the financial statements.


30

NOTE 9 – GUARANTEES (Continued)


The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of non-performance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit and letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. Since many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. The Company evaluates each customer's credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management's credit evaluation. Collateral held varies but may include personal or commercial real estate, accounts receivable, inventory and equipment. The Company had commitments to extend credit, including unused lines of credit, of approximately $287.0$232.1 million and $245.8$264.1 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the financial performance of a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to support contracts entered into by customers. Most guarantees extend for one year. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. The Company defines the fair value of these letters of credit as the fees paid by the customer or similar fees collected on similar instruments. The Company amortizes the fees collected over the life of the instrument. The Company generally obtains collateral, such as real estate or liens on customer assets for these types of commitments. The Company’s potential liability would be reduced by any proceeds obtained in liquidation of the collateral held. As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company had $4.2$3.4 million and $5.2$4.2 million, respectively, of commercial and similar letters of credit. Management believes that
NOTE 10 – GUARANTEES (Continued)


the current amount of the liability as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 for guarantees under standby letters of credit issued is not material.


NOTE 1011 – FHLB AND OTHER BORROWINGS
 
The Bank utilizes its account relationship with Atlantic Community Bankers Bank to borrow funds through its Federal funds borrowing line in an aggregate amount up to $10.0 million. The Bank also has $36.0 million in unsecured credit facilities with three correspondent banks. These borrowings are priced on a daily basis. The Company had no borrowings outstanding on these lines at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017.2018. The Bank also has a remaining borrowing capacity with the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York ("FHLB") of approximately $47.9$36.9 million based on the current loan collateral pledged of $149.8$135.4 million at September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019.
 
At September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, FHLB and other borrowings consisted of advances from the FHLB, which amounted to $24.5$20.7 million and $25.8$22.5 million, respectively. These advances had an average interest rate of 1.90%1.96% and 1.87%1.93% at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively. These advances are contractually scheduled for repayment as follows:
September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Rate 
Original Term
(Years)
 MaturityMarch 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Rate 
Original Term
(Years)
 Maturity
(dollars in thousands)      (dollars in thousands)      
Fixed Rate Note$2,000
 $2,000
 1.65% 5 October 2018$
 $1,800
 1.59% 4 January 2019
Fixed Rate Note
 1,300
 1.31% 3 January 20182,700
 2,700
 1.81% 5 January 2020
Fixed Rate Note1,800
 1,800
 1.59% 4 January 20192,500
 2,500
 2.03% 6 January 2021
Fixed Rate Note2,700
 2,700
 1.81% 5 January 20201,000
 1,000
 1.09% 3 July 2019
Fixed Rate Note2,500
 2,500
 2.03% 6 January 20211,000
 1,000
 1.42% 5 July 2021
Fixed Rate Note1,000
 1,000
 1.09% 3 July 20197,500
 7,500
 2.07% 5 August 2022
Fixed Rate Note1,000
 1,000
 1.42% 5 July 20211,000
 1,000
 1.70% 7 July 2023
Fixed Rate Note7,500
 7,500
 2.07% 5 August 20225,000
 5,000
 2.16% 4 October 2021
Fixed Rate Note1,000
 1,000
 1.70% 7 July 2023
Fixed Rate Note5,000
 5,000
 2.16% 4 October 2021
            
Total FHLB borrowings$24,500
 $25,800
  
    $20,700
 $22,500
  
    

As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the FHLB has issued $75.1 million in municipal deposit letters of credit in the name of the Bank naming the NJ Department of Banking and Insurance as beneficiary. This letter of credit will take the place of securities previously pledged to the State of New Jersey for the Bank’s various municipal deposits.

NOTE 1112 SECURITIES SOLD UNDER AGREEMENTS TO REPURCHASE
 
The Bank enters into sweep account agreements with certain of its deposit account holders for repo sweep arrangements under which funds in excess of a predetermined amount are removed from each such depositor’s account at the end of each banking day, and the Bank’s obligation to restore those funds to the account at the beginning of the following banking day is evidenced by an integrated retail repurchase agreement (a “Repurchase Agreement”) secured by a collateral interest in favor of the depositor in certain government securities held by a third party custodian. The Bank’s obligation to restore the funds under the Repurchase Agreements is accounted for as a collateralized financing arrangement (i.e., secured borrowings), and not as a sale and subsequent repurchase of securities. The obligation to restore the funds to each account is reflected as a liability in the Company's consolidated balance sheets, while the securities underlying the repurchase agreements remain in the respective securities accounts. There is no offsetting or netting of the securities against the Repurchase Agreement obligation.

32

NOTE 1112 - SECURITIES SOLD UNDER AGREEMENTS TO REPURCHASE (Continued)


The following table presents the contractual maturities of the Repurchase Agreements as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, disaggregated by the class of collateral pledged:
 Maturity of Repurchase Agreements Maturity of Repurchase Agreements
(dollars in thousands) 
Overnight
and
Continuous
 
Up to
30 days
 
30 to 90
days
 
Over 90
days
 Total 
Overnight
and
Continuous
 
Up to
30 days
 
30 to 90
days
 
Over 90
days
 Total
September 30, 2018          
March 31, 2019          
Class of Collateral Pledged:                    
U.S. Government agency securities $9,872
 $
 $
 $
 $9,872
 $8,938
 $
 $
 $
 $8,938
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 4,494
 
 
 
 4,494
 4,087
 
 
 
 4,087
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 8,575
 
 
 
 8,575
 7,772
 
 
 
 7,772
Total $22,941
 $
 $
 $
 $22,941
 $20,797
 $
 $
 $
 $20,797
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements and securities lending  
  
  
  
 $22,153
  
  
  
  
 $15,185
Excess of collateral pledged over recognized liability  
  
  
  
 $788
  
  
  
  
 $5,612
 
 Maturity of Repurchase Agreements Maturity of Repurchase Agreements
(dollars in thousands) 
Overnight
and
Continuous
 
Up to
30 days
 
30 to 90
days
 
Over 90
days
 Total 
Overnight
and
Continuous
 
Up to
30 days
 
30 to 90
days
 
Over 90
days
 Total
December 31, 2017          
December 31, 2018          
Class of Collateral Pledged:                    
U.S. Government agency securities $9,995
 $
 $
 $
 $9,995
 $11,566
 $
 $
 $
 $11,566
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 5,558
 
 
 
 5,558
 4,289
 
 
 
 4,289
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 13,440
 
 
 
 13,440
 10,334
 
 
 
 10,334
Total $28,993
 $
 $
 $
 $28,993
 $26,189
 $
 $
 $
 $26,189
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements and securities lending  
  
  
  
 $27,120
  
  
  
  
 $19,402
Excess of collateral pledged over recognized liability  
  
  
  
 $1,873
  
  
  
  
 $6,787
 
The potential risks associated with the Repurchase Agreements and related pledged collateral, including obligations arising from a decline in the fair value of the pledged collateral, are minimal due to the fact that the Repurchase Agreements pertain to overnight borrowings and therefore not subject to fluctuations in fair market value.

NOTE 1213 – SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES
 
In December 2015, the Company completed a private placement of $10 million in aggregate principal amount of fixed to floating rate subordinated debentures to certain institutional accredited investors. The subordinated debentures have a maturity date of December 31, 2025 and bear interest, payable quarterly, at the rate of 6.25% per annum until January 1, 2021. On that date, the interest rate will be adjusted to float at an annual rate equal to the prevailing three-month LIBOR rate plus 464 basis points (4.64%) until maturity. The debentures include a right of prepayment, without penalty, on or after December 14, 2020 and, in certain limited circumstances, before that date. The indebtedness evidenced by the subordinated debentures, including principal and interest, is unsecured and subordinate and junior in right to payment to general and secured creditors of the Company and depositors and all other creditors of the Bank. The subordinated debentures have been structured to qualify as Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes. Subordinated debentures totaled $9.9 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively, which includes $86,000$68,000 and $112,000,$77,000, respectively, of remaining unamortized debt issuance costs at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017.2018. The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the expected life of the issue. The effective interest rate of the subordinated debentures is 6.67%.


NOTE 1314 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
 
Accounting guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation methods used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).  The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
 
Level 1:    Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2:    Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3:    Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (i.e. supported with little or no market activity).

An asset’s or liability’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. For financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 are as follows:
Description 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 Total 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 Total
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
At September 30, 2018:  
At March 31, 2019:  
                
Securities available for sale:                
U.S. Government agency securities $
 $11,893
 $
 $11,893
 $
 $11,374
 $
 $11,374
Municipal securities 
 488
 
 488
 
 486
 
 486
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 
 6,325
 
 6,325
 
 5,569
 
 5,569
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 
 4,630
 
 4,630
 
 4,201
 
 4,201
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 
 1,945
 
 1,945
 
 1,922
 
 1,922
                
Total securities available for sale $
 $25,281
 $
 $25,281
 $
 $23,552
 $
 $23,552
                
Total equity securities $2,412
 $
 $
 $2,412
 $2,497
 $
 $
 $2,497

34

NOTE 1314 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

Description 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 Total 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 Total
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
At December 31, 2017:        
At December 31, 2018:        
                
Securities available for sale:                
U.S. Government agency securities $
 $10,057
 $
 $10,057
 $
 $11,635
 $
 $11,635
Municipal securities 
 495
 
 495
 
 487
 
 487
GSE – residential mortgage-backed securities 
 8,219
 
 8,219
 
 5,947
 
 5,947
U.S. Government collateralized residential mortgage obligations 
 7,482
 
 7,482
 
 4,423
 
 4,423
Corporate debt securities, primarily financial institutions 
 2,431
 
 2,431
 
 1,915
 
 1,915
                
Total securities available for sale $
 $28,684
 $
 $28,684
 $
 $24,407
 $
 $24,407
                
Total equity securities $2,448
 $
 $
 $2,448
 $2,451
 $
 $
 $2,451
 
As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, there were no securities available for sale measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
 
For assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy used at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 are as follows:
Description 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 Total 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 Total
 (in thousands) (in thousands)
At September 30, 2018:        
At March 31, 2019:        
Impaired loans, net of partial charge-offs $
 $
 $2,683
 $2,683
        
At December 31, 2018:��       
OREO $
 $
 $585
 $585
 $
 $
 $585
 $585
                
At December 31, 2017:        
Impaired loans, net of partial charge-offs $
 $
 $116
 $116
        
The Company’s policy is to recognize transfers between levels as of the beginning of the period. There were no transfers between Levels 1, 2 and 3 for the three and six months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and 2017.2018.
 

35

NOTE 1314 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

The following valuation techniques were used to measure fair value of assets in the tables above:

Impaired loans – Impaired loans measured at fair value are those loans in which the Company has measured impairment generally based on the fair value of the loan’s collateral. This method of fair value measurement is used on all of the Company’s impaired loans. Fair value is generally determined based upon either independent third party appraisals of the properties or discounted cash flows based upon the expected proceeds. The appraisals may be adjusted by management for qualitative factors such as economic conditions and estimated liquidation expenses. At September 30, 2018March 31, 2019, there was one impaired loan, which had no discount to its appraised value and December 31, 2017, there were no loans that received a discount. At September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, there were nohad liquidation expenses.expenses of 6.7%. These assets are included as Level 3 fair values, based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements.
OREO – Real estate properties acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are carried at fair value less cost to sell. Fair value is based upon the appraised value of the collateral, adjusted by management for factors such as economic conditions and other market factors. At September 30,December 31, 2018, the discount and liquidation expenses for collateral adjustments to our OREO was 9.5%. These assets are included in Level 3 fair value based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. At September 30, 2018, OREO totaled $585,000 were acquired by deed in lieu of foreclosure and are carried at fair value less estimated selling costs based on current appraisals. At DecemberMarch 31, 2017, the Company had no properties held in OREO. At September 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company initiated foreclosure proceedings on twothree loans and one loan secured by residential real estate in the amount of $405,000 and $490,000, respectively.$598,000. 
The following information should not be interpreted as an estimate of the fair value of the entire Company since a fair value calculation is only provided for a limited portion of the Company’s assets and liabilities. Due to a wide range of valuation techniques and the degree of subjectivity used in making the estimates, comparisons between the Company’s disclosures and those of other companies may not be meaningful. The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017:
Cash and Cash Equivalents (carried at cost):
The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheet for cash and short-term instruments approximate those assets’ fair values.2018:
 
Securities:
 
The fair value of securities available-for-sale (carried at fair value) and held to maturity (carried at amortized cost) are determined by obtaining quoted market prices on nationally recognized securities exchanges (Level 1), or matrix pricing (Level 2), which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry to value debt securities without relying exclusively on quoted market prices for the specific securities but rather by relying on the securities’ relationship to other benchmark quoted prices. For certain securities which are not traded in active markets or are subject to transfer restrictions, valuations are adjusted to reflect illiquidity and/or non-transferability, and such adjustments are generally based on available market evidence (Level 3). See Note 6, Securities, for more information regarding the CRA Mutual Fund. At September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, there were no Level 3 securities.
 
Restricted Investments (carried at cost):
 
The carrying amount of restricted investment in Federal Home Loan Bank stock, Atlantic Community Bancshares, Inc. stock and Solomon Hess SBA Loan Fund approximates fair value, and considers the limited marketability of such securities.
Loans Held for Sale:
Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or estimated fair value, less costs to sell. The fair value of these loans are equal to the contractual sales price.

36

NOTE 13 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

Loans Receivable (carried at cost):
The fair values of loans, excluding collateral dependent impaired loans, are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using market rates at the balance sheet date that reflect the credit and interest rate-risk inherent in the loans, including liquidity. Projected future cash flows are calculated based upon contractual maturity or call dates, projected repayments and prepayments of principal. The valuation of the loan portfolio reflects discounts that the Company believes are consistent with transactions occurring in the marketplace for both performing and distressed loan types. The carrying value that fair value is compared to is net of the allowance for loan losses and other associated premiums and discounts. Generally, for variable rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values. Due to the significant judgment involved in evaluating credit quality risk, loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.
Accrued Interest Receivable and Payable (carried at cost):
The carrying amount of accrued interest receivable and accrued interest payable approximates its fair value.
Deposit Liabilities (carried at cost):
The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (e.g., interest and noninterest checking, passbook savings and money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date, (i.e., their carrying amounts). Fair values for fixed-rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered in the market on certificates to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.

Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase (carried at cost):
The carrying amounts of these short-term borrowings approximate their fair values.
FHLB and Other Borrowing(carried at cost):
Fair values of FHLB advances are estimated using discounted cash flow analysis, based on quoted prices for new FHLB advances with similar credit risk characteristics, terms and remaining maturity. These prices obtained from this active market represent a market value that is deemed to represent the transfer price if the liability were assumed by a third party.
Subordinated Debentures (carried at cost):
The fair value of subordinated debentures is estimated by using a discounted cash flow analysis that, at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, applies a 2.01% and 4.56% credit spread, respectively, plus the U.S. Treasury rate (all-in issue spread) to the time remaining until the issue’s call option date.
Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments (disclosed at cost):
Fair values for the Company’s off-balance sheet financial instruments (lending commitments and letters of credit) are based on fees currently charged in the market to enter into similar agreements, taking into account, the remaining terms of the agreements and the counterparties’ credit standing. The fair values of such fees are not material at September 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.

37

NOTE 1314 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Continued)

The estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 20172018 were as follows: 
 Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2019
(in thousands)
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Financial assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$62,688
 $62,688
 $62,688
 $
 $
Securities available for sale23,552
 23,552
 
 23,552
 
Securities held to maturity45,838
 46,298
 
 46,298
 
Equity securities2,497
 2,497
 2,497
 
 
Restricted investments6,017
 6,017
 
 
 6,017
Loans held for sale1,496
 1,515
 
 
 1,515
Loans receivable, net936,911
 931,740
 
 
 931,740
Accrued interest receivable2,793
 2,793
 
 462
 2,331
          
Financial liabilities:         
Deposits959,655
 958,957
 
 958,957
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase15,185
 15,185
 
 15,185
 
FHLB and other borrowings20,700
 20,414
 
 20,414
 
Subordinated debt9,932
 10,150
 
 10,150
 
Accrued interest payable153
 153
 
 153
 

 Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2018
(in thousands)
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
Financial assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$47,613
 $47,613
 $47,613
 $
 $
Securities available for sale25,281
 25,281
 
 25,281
 
Securities held to maturity57,606
 56,868
 
 56,868
 
Equity securities2,412
 2,412
 2,412
 
 
Restricted investments5,997
 5,997
 
 
 5,997
Loans held for sale1,461
 1,482
 
 
 1,482
Loans receivable, net (1)
889,505
 870,475
 
 
 870,475
Accrued interest receivable2,982
 2,982
 
 567
 2,415
          
Financial liabilities:         
Deposits905,745
 902,871
 
 902,871
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase22,153
 22,153
 
 22,153
 
FHLB and other borrowings24,500
 23,733
 
 23,733
 
Subordinated debt9,914
 10,212
 
 10,212
 
Accrued interest payable97
 97
 
 97
 
 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2017
(in thousands)
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair
Value 
 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets 
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs 
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs 
Financial assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$48,219
 $48,219
 $48,219
 $
 $
Securities available for sale28,684
 28,684
 
 28,684
 
Securities held to maturity58,002
 58,549
 
 58,549
 
Equity securities2,448
 2,448
 2,448
 
 
Restricted investments5,430
 5,430
 
 
 5,430
Loans held for sale2,581
 2,738
 
 
 2,738
Loans receivable, net (1)
840,206
 841,477
 
 
 841,477
Accrued interest receivable2,554
 2,554
 
 638
 1,916
          
Financial liabilities:         
Deposits861,557
 860,129
 
 860,129
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase27,120
 27,120
 
 27,120
 
FHLB and other borrowings25,800
 25,382
 
 25,382
 
Subordinated debt9,888
 9,812
 
 9,812
 
Accrued interest payable70
 70
 
 70
 
(1) In accordance with the prospective adoption of ASU 2016-01, the fair value of loans as of September 30, 2018 were measured using an exit price notion. The fair value of loans at December 31, 2017 were measured using an exit price notion.
 Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018
(in thousands)
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair
Value 
 
(Level 1)
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets 
 
(Level 2)
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs 
 
(Level 3)
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs 
Financial assets:         
Cash and cash equivalents$48,126
 $48,126
 $48,126
 $
 $
Securities available for sale24,407
 24,407
 
 24,407
 
Securities held to maturity47,455
 47,266
 
 47,266
 
Equity securities2,451
 2,451
 2,451
 
 
Restricted investments6,082
 6,082
 
 
 6,082
Loans held for sale1,496
 1,525
 
 
 1,525
Loans receivable, net909,903
 887,374
 
 
 887,374
Accrued interest receivable2,583
 2,583
 
 643
 1,940
          
Financial liabilities:         
Deposits917,354
 915,435
 
 915,435
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase19,402
 19,402
 
 19,402
 
FHLB and other borrowings22,500
 21,966
 
 24,966
 
Subordinated debt9,923
 9,999
 
 9,999
 
Accrued interest payable119
 119
 
 119
 

38


NOTE 1415 - INCOME TAXES

The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes,” which prescribes a threshold for the financial statement recognition of income taxes and provides criteria for the measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.  ASC 740 also includes guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition of income taxes.  

On December 22, 2017, H.R.1 (originally known as the "TaxTax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act" (TCJA)) was signed into law, lowering the corporate income tax rate from 34 percent to 21 percent. This provided significant tax benefits in 2018 by lowering the effective tax rate.

On July 1, 2018, New Jersey's Assembly Bill 4202 was signed into law. The new Bill, effective January 1, 2018, imposed a temporary surtax on corporations earning New Jersey allocated income in excess of $1 million at a rate of 2.5% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2018, through December 31, 2019, and at 1.5% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2020, through December 31, 2021. In addition, effective for periods on or after January 1, 2019, New Jersey is adopting mandatory unitary combined reporting for its Corporation Business Tax.

For the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company reported income tax expense of $1.0 million$997,000 for an effective tax rate of 26.3%26.4%, compared to an income tax expense of $1.2 million and an effective tax rate of 35.0% for the prior year’s quarter. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, the Company reported income tax expense of $2.9 million$807,000 for an effective tax rate of 26.0%,23.2% for the same period last year. This was due to a lower tax benefit related to the accounting treatment of equity-based compensation, in which a $41,000 benefit was recognized in the first quarter of 2019 compared to ana $90,000 benefit from the same period last year. Additionally, New Jersey enacted a Corporation Business Tax surtax of 2.5%, which did not take effect until July 1, 2018 and, as such, negatively impacted income tax expense by approximately $75,000 in the first quarter of $3.1 million and an effective tax rate of 33.3% for2019 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2017. same period in 2018.

The Company did not recognize or accrue any interest or penalties related to income taxes during the for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 or 2017.2018.  The Company did not have an accrual for uncertain tax positions as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 or December 31, 2017,2018, as deductions taken and benefits accrued are based on widely understood administrative practices and procedures and are based on clear and unambiguous tax law.  Tax returns for all years 2015 and thereafter are subject to future examination by tax authorities.

NOTE 1516 – SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
On December 14, 2017,January 24, 2019, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a new Share Repurchase Program. This new program allows for the Company to repurchase up to $2.0 million of its common stock from January 1, 20182019 to December 31, 2018.2019. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company did not repurchase any shares of its common stock.
 
NOTE 1617 – SUBSEQUENT EVENT
 
On October 23, 2018,April 17, 2019, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.055$0.07 per share to common shareholders of record at the close of business on November 7, 2018,May 10, 2019, payable on November 28, 2018.May 30, 2019.

On October 17, 2018, the Company announced that Frank J. Patock, Jr., chairman of the Company's board of directors, had resigned as chairman of the board of directors of the Company and the Bank. William D. Moss, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, was appointed to serve as chairman of the board of directors of the Company and the Bank. The Company also announced that John J. Perri, Jr. and James M. Bollerman were appointed to serve as co-lead independent directors of the Company.




Item 2.     Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for forward looking statements. Such statements are not historical facts and include expressions about management’s assumptions and strategies and management’s expectations about new and existing programs and products, relationships, opportunities, taxation, technology and market conditions. When used in this and in our future filings with the SEC, in our press releases and in oral statements made with the approval of an authorized executive officer, the words or phrases “will,” “will likely result,” “could,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “continues,” “expects,” “plans,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “project” or “outlook” or similar expressions (including confirmations by one of our authorized executive officers of any such expressions made by a third party with respect to us) are intended to identify forward-looking statements. We wish to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, each of which speaks only as of the date made, even if subsequently made available on our website or otherwise. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical earnings and those presently anticipated or projected.
 
Factors that may cause actual results to differ from those results, expressed or implied, include, but are not limited to, those discussed under “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the 20172018 Form 10-K, under this Item 2, and in our other filings with the SEC.
 
Although management has taken certain steps to mitigate any negative effect of these factors, significant unfavorable changes could severely impact the assumptions used and have an adverse effect on profitability. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly revise any forward-looking statements to reflect anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances occurring after the date of such statements.
 
This Report contains certain financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with generally accepted accounting policies in the United States (GAAP). These non-GAAP financial measures are “tangible book value per common share,” “return on average tangible assets,” “return on average tangible equity,” and “average tangible equity to average tangible assets.” This non-GAAP disclosure has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company’s results as reported under GAAP, nor is it necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies. Our management uses these non-GAAP measures in its analysis of our performance because it believes these measures are material and will be used as a measure of our performance by investors.
 
The following information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in the 20172018 Form 10-K and in this Form 10-Q.
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
The following discussion is based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses.
 
Note 1 to our audited consolidated financial statements contains a summary of the Company’s significant accounting policies. Management believes the following critical accounting policies encompass the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses. Management believes our policy with respect to the methodology for the determination of the allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) involves a high degree of complexity and requires management to make difficult and subjective judgments which often require assumptions or estimates about highly uncertain matters. Changes in these judgments, assumptions or estimates could materially impact the results of operations. This critical policy and its application are reviewed quarterly with our audit committee and Board of Directors.
 


Management is responsible for preparing and evaluating the ALLL on a quarterly basis in accordance with Bank policy, and the Interagency Policy Statement on the ALLL released by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System on December 13, 2006 as well as GAAP. We believe that our allowance for loan losses is adequate to cover specifically identifiable loan losses, as well as estimated losses inherent in our portfolio for which certain losses are probable but not specifically identifiable. The allowance for loan losses is based upon management’s evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance account, including an assessment of known and inherent risks in the portfolio, giving consideration to the size and composition of the loan portfolio, actual loan loss experience, level of delinquencies, detailed analysis of individual loans for which full collectability may not be assured, the existence and estimated net realizable value of any underlying collateral and guarantees securing the loans, and current economic and market conditions. Although management utilizes the best information available, the level of the allowance for loan losses remains an estimate that is subject to significant judgment and short term change. Various regulatory agencies may require us and our banking subsidiaries to make additional provisions for loan losses based upon information available to them at the time of their examination. Furthermore, the majority of our loans are secured by real estate in New Jersey, primarily in Monmouth and Union counties. Accordingly, the collectability of a substantial portion of the carrying value of our loan portfolio is susceptible to changes in local market conditions and may be adversely affected should real estate values decline or the New Jersey and/or our local market areas experience economic shock.

Stock-Based Compensation. Stock basedStock-based compensation cost has been measured using the fair value of an award on the grant date and is recognized over the service period, which is usually the vesting period. The fair value of each option is amortized into compensation expense on a straight-line basis between the grant date for the option and each vesting date. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The model requires the use of numerous assumptions, many of which are highly subjective in nature.
 
Goodwill Impairment. Although goodwill is not subject to amortization, the Company must test the carrying value for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. Impairment testing requires that the fair value of our reporting unit be compared to the carrying amount of its net assets, including goodwill. Our reporting unit was identified as our community bank operations. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the book value, no write-down of recorded goodwill is necessary. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than book value, an expense may be required on the Company’s books to write-down the related goodwill to the proper carrying value.
 
Investment Securities Impairment Valuation. Securities are evaluated on at least a quarterly basis, and more frequently when market conditions warrant such an evaluation, to determine whether a decline in their value is other-than-temporary. The analysis of other-than-temporary impairment requires the use of various assumptions including, but not limited to, the length of time the investment’s book value has been greater than fair value, the severity of the investment’s decline and the credit deterioration of the issuer. For debt securities, management assesses whether (a) it has the intent to sell the security and (b) it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to its anticipated recovery. These steps are done before assessing whether the entity will recover the cost basis of the investment. 
 
In instances when a determination is made that an other-than-temporary impairment exists but the investor does not intend to sell the debt security and it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell the debt security prior to its anticipated recovery, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into (a) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to a decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security (the credit loss) and (b) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income.
 
Other Real Estate Owned (“OREO”). OREO includes real estate acquired through foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure. OREO is initially recorded at fair value less cost to sell at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis. Any write-downs based on fair value less costs to sell at the date of foreclosure are charged to the allowance for loan losses. If at the time of foreclosure, the fair value less costs to sell is greater than the loan balance, the resulting gain is recognized at the time of foreclosure unless there has been a prior charge-off, in which case a recovery to the allowance for loan losses is recorded. Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Operating results from real estate owned, including rental income, operating expenses, and gains and losses realized from the sales of real estate owned, are recorded as incurred.
 


Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax effects of temporary differences, net operating loss carry forwards and tax credits. Deferred tax assets are subject to management’s judgment based upon available evidence, primarily management’s forecast of its ability to generate future earnings, that future realization is more likely than not. If management determines that we may be unable to realize all or part of net deferred tax assets in the future, a direct charge to income tax expense may be required to reduce the recorded value of the net deferred tax asset to the expected realizable amount. 

H.R.1 (originally known as theThe Tax Cuts and Jobs Act) (the "Tax Act")Act was signed into law on December 22, 2017. Pursuant to the SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("SAB 118"), given the amount and complexity of the changes in tax law resulting from the Tax Act, the Company has not finalized the accounting for the income tax effects of the Tax Act. This includes the measurement of deferred taxes. The impact of the Tax Act may differ from this estimate, during the one-year measurement period due to, among other things, further refinement of the Company's calculations, changes in interpretations and assumptions the Company has made, guidance that may be issued and actions the Company may take as a result of the Tax Act. As a result of the Tax Act, the Company recorded a non-cash charge to income tax expense of approximately $1.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2017 primarily due to the re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities.
 
Overview
 
The Company reported net income of $2.8 million, or $0.33$0.32 per diluted share, for the thirdfirst quarter of 2018,2019, compared to $2.2$2.7 million, or $0.26$0.31 per diluted share, for the same period in 2017,2018, an increase of $597,000,$107,000, or 26.7%4.0%. The increase was primarily due to higher net interest income, and apartially offset by lower loan loss provisionnon-interest income coupled with a lower Federal corporate incomehigher effective tax rate. These positives were partially offset by higher non-interest expense and an increase inrate of 26.4% compared to 23.2% from the New Jersey state income tax expense,same period last year, as discussed below.

ForThe effective tax rate increased to 26.4% from 23.2% for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. This was due to a lower tax benefit related to the Company reported net incomeaccounting treatment of $8.2 million, or $0.94 per diluted share,equity-based compensation, in which a $41,000 benefit was recognized in the first quarter of 2019 compared to $6.2 million, or $0.71 per diluted share, fora $90,000 benefit from the same period last year. Additionally, New Jersey enacted a Corporation Business Tax surtax of 2.5%, which did not take effect until July 1, 2018, and negatively impacted expense by approximately $75,000 in the first quarter of 2019 compared to the same period in 2017, an increase of $2.0 million, or 32.3%. The increase was largely due to higher net interest income and a lower loan loss provision coupled with a lower Federal corporate income tax rate. These positives were partially offset by higher non-interest expense and an increase in New Jersey state income tax, as discussed below.

On July 1, 2018, New Jersey enacted Assembly Bill No. 4202 to make several changes to the New Jersey Corporation Business Tax (CBT), most notably establishing a temporary CBT surtax, effectively increasing the current CBT tax rate of 9% to 11.5%, retroactive to January 1, 2018. The CBT surtax will reduce to 1.5% from 2.5% for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2020 through December 31, 2021.

The annualized return on average assets was 1.04% and 1.03%1.01% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 as compared to 0.89% and 0.84%, respectively,1.04% for the same period in 2017.2018. The annualized return on average shareholders’ equity was 9.98% and 9.91%9.59% for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 as compared to 8.39% and 7.96%, respectively,10.08% for the same period in 2017.2018. Book value and tangible book value per common share rose to $13.27$13.75 and $11.16,$11.66, respectively, at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 as compared to $12.60$12.78 and $10.46,$10.66, respectively, at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, as disclosed in the Non-GAAP Financial Measures table. All share and per share data for all referenced reporting periods have been adjusted for the 5% stock dividend paid on February 28, 2017.

Net interest income increased by $687,000,$543,000, or 8.2%6.2%, for the quarter ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 from the same period in 2017.2018. Average interest-earning assets totaled $1.017$1.051 billion, an increase of $95.0$66.8 million, or 10.3%6.8%, from the quarter ended September 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, primarily due to an increase in average loans. The Company reported a net interest margin of 3.55%3.60% for the quarter ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, a slight decrease of 73 basis points when compared to the 3.62%3.63% reported for the quarter ended September 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, and a slight decreasean increase of 4 basis points when compared to the 3.59%3.56% for the quarter ended June 30,December 31, 2018. The decrease from the thirdfirst quarter of 20172018 was largely due to higher cost of funds.

Net interest income increased $2.9 million, or 12.0%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 from the same period in 2017, primarily as a result of an increase in average loans. The Company reported a net interest margin of 3.59% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, an increase of 7 basis points from the 3.52% reported for the same period in 2017.
The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $150,000$425,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 as compared to $255,000$400,000 for the corresponding 20172018 period. The majority of the thirdfirst quarter 20172019 provision was to support the Company's strong loan growth. The provision for loan losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 was $775,000, as compared to $855,000


for the corresponding 2017 period. The Company’s provision considers a number of factors, including our assessment of the current state of the economy, allowances related to impaired loans, loan growth and level of charge-offs and recoveries.
 
Non-interest income for the quarter ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 totaled $1.4$1.2 million, a decrease of $98,000,$153,000, or 6.7%11.7%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. This decrease was largely the result of lower residential mortgage banking revenues and arevenue, lower gaingains on the sale of SBA loans and lower service fees on deposit accounts, partially offset by higher other loan fees, primarily due to loan prepayment fees, and service fees on deposit accounts, mainly due to a realignment of fees on various deposit products. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, non-interest income increased $45,000, or 1.1%, to $4.2 million from the same period in 2017.fees.
 
Non-interest expense for the quarter ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 totaled $6.5$6.3 million, an increase of $286,000,$68,000, or 4.6%1.1%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018. This was largely due to higher professional expenses, partially offset by lower salaries and benefits resulting from annual merit increases, along with new hires in the lending and deposit teams,lower occupancy and higher data processing and professional expenses. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, non-interest expense increased $1.2 million, or 6.7%, to $19.2 million compared to the same prior year period.equipment costs.
 
Total assets at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 were $1.086$1.141 billion, an increase of 4.5%4.0% from $1.040$1.096 billion at December 31, 2017.2018. Total loans at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 were $900.9$948.5 million, an increase of $50.0$27.2 million, or 5.9%3.0%, from the $850.9$921.3 million recorded at December 31, 2017.2018. Total deposits were $905.7$959.7 million at September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, an increase of $44.2$42.3 million, or 5.1%4.6%, from the $861.6$917.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Core checking deposits at September 30, 2018 decreased $30.8March 31, 2019 increased $8.5 million, or 7.7%2.3%, to $369.1$378.5 million from $400.0$370.0 million at year-end 2017,2018, while savings accounts, money market deposits and time deposits collectively increased $75.0$33.8 million, or 16.2%6.2%. The Company has continued to focus on building non-interest bearing deposits, as this lowers the institution’s cost of funds. Additionally, its savings accounts and other interest-bearing deposit products provide an efficient and cost-effective source to fund loan originations.


 
At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company’s allowance for loan losses was $11.4$11.6 million, an increase from the $10.7$11.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 was 1.26%1.22%, compared to 1.25%1.24% at December 31, 2017.2018. Non-performing assets at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 as a percentage of total assets was 0.18%0.39% compared to 0.20%0.18% at December 31, 20172018 and 0.23%0.19% at September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Non-performing assets were $2.0$4.5 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $2.1 million and $2.3$2.0 million at December 31, 20172018 and September 30, 2017, respectively.March 31, 2018.

Results of Operations

The Company’s principal source of revenue is net interest income, which is the difference between interest income on earning assets and interest expense on deposits and borrowings. Interest-earning assets consist primarily of loans, investment securities and federal funds sold. Sources to fund interest-earning assets consist primarily of deposits and borrowed funds. The Company’s net income is also affected by its provision for loan losses, other income and non-interest expenses. Non-interest income consists primarily of service charges, commissions and fees, earnings from investment in life insurance and gains on security and loan sales, while non-interest expenses are comprised of salaries and employee benefits, occupancy costs and other operating expenses.

The following table provides information on our performance ratios for the dates indicated.
For the Three Months Ended September 30, For the Nine Months Ended September 30,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018
Return on average assets1.04% 0.89% 1.03% 0.84%1.01% 1.04%
Return on average tangible assets (1)1.06% 0.91% 1.04% 0.86%1.02% 1.06%
Return on average shareholders' equity9.98% 8.39% 9.91% 7.96%9.59% 10.08%
Return on average tangible shareholders' equity (1)11.90% 10.13% 11.86% 9.64%11.33% 12.12%
Net interest margin3.55% 3.62% 3.59% 3.52%3.60% 3.63%
Average equity to average assets10.43% 10.63% 10.35% 10.56%10.52% 10.29%
Average tangible equity to average tangible assets (1)8.90% 8.97% 8.79% 8.88%9.05% 8.71%

(1) See Non-GAAP Financial Measures table


Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The following table contains certain financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with generally accepted accounting policies in the United States (GAAP). These non-GAAP financial measures are "book value per common share", "tangible book value per common share", "return on average tangible assets", "return on average tangible equity" and "average tangible equity to average tangible assets." This non-GAAP disclosure has limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company's results as reported under GAAP, nor is it necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies. Our management uses these non-GAAP measures in its analysis of our performance because it believes these measures are material and will be used as a measure of our performance by investors.
(in thousands except per share data and percentages)For the Three Months Ended September 30, For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Total shareholders' equity$113,891
 $106,567
 $113,891
 $102,406
Less: goodwill and other intangible assets(18,109) (18,109) (18,109) (18,109)
Tangible common shareholders’ equity$95,782
 $88,458

$95,782

$84,297
        
Common shares outstanding (in thousands)8,584
 8,454
 8,584
 8,454
Book value per common share$13.27
 $12.60
 $13.27
 $12.60
        
Book value per common share$13.27
 $12.60
 $13.27
 $12.60
Effect of intangible assets(2.11) (2.14) (2.11) (2.14)
Tangible book value per common share$11.16
 $10.46
 $11.16
 $10.46
        
Return on average assets1.04 % 0.89 % 1.03 % 0.84 %
Effect of intangible assets0.02 % 0.02 % 0.01 % 0.02 %
Return on average tangible assets1.06 % 0.91 % 1.04 % 0.86 %
        
Return on average equity9.98 % 8.39 % 9.91 % 7.96 %
Effect of average intangible assets1.92 % 1.74 % 1.95 % 1.68 %
Return on average tangible equity11.90 % 10.13 % 11.86 % 9.64 %
        
Average equity to average assets10.43 % 10.63 % 10.35 % 10.56 %
Effect of average intangible assets(1.53)% (1.66)% (1.56)% (1.68)%
Average tangible equity to average tangible assets8.90 % 8.97 % 8.79 % 8.88 %

(in thousands except per share data and percentages)For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 2019 2018
Total shareholders' equity$119,156
 $108,980
Less: goodwill and other intangible assets(18,109) (18,109)
Tangible common shareholders’ equity$101,047
 $90,871
    
Common shares outstanding (in thousands)8,668
 8,525
Book value per common share$13.75
 $12.78
    
Book value per common share$13.75
 $12.78
Effect of intangible assets(2.09) (2.12)
Tangible book value per common share$11.66
 $10.66
    
Return on average assets1.01 % 1.04 %
Effect of intangible assets0.01 % 0.02 %
Return on average tangible assets1.02 % 1.06 %
    
Return on average equity9.59 % 10.08 %
Effect of average intangible assets1.74 % 2.04 %
Return on average tangible equity11.33 % 12.12 %
    
Average equity to average assets10.52 % 10.29 %
Effect of average intangible assets(1.47)% (1.58)%
Average tangible equity to average tangible assets9.05 % 8.71 %

Three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to September 30, 2017March 31, 2018
 
Net Interest Income
 
Net interest income for the quarter ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 totaled $9.1$9.3 million, an increase of $687,000,$543,000, or 8.2%6.2%, compared to $8.4$8.8 million for the corresponding period in 2017.2018. This increase was largely due to an increase of $95.0$66.8 million, or 10.3%6.8%, in average interest-earning assets, primarily resulting from growth in the Company’s loan portfolio funded mainly by a higher level of average deposits, primarily time deposits.
 
The net interest margin and net interest spread decreased to 3.55%3.60% and 3.30%, respectively, for the three month period ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, from 3.62%3.63% and 3.44%3.43%, respectively, for the same prior year period, primarily resulting from a higher cost of funds.



Total interest income for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 increased by $1.5$1.6 million, or 15.5%15.3%. The increase in interest income was primarily due to a volume related increase in interest income of $1.1 million,$761,000, combined with a rate related increase in interest income of $438,000$841,000 for the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 as compared to the same prior year period.
 


Interest and fees on loans increased $1.4$1.5 million, to $10.7$11.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $9.2$9.8 million for the corresponding period in 2017.2018. Volume related increases of $1.1 million$826,000 were combined with rate related increases of $356,000.$665,000. The average balance of the loan portfolio for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 increased by $93.4$72.9 million, or 11.6%8.4%, to $897.0$941.5 million from $803.6$868.5 million for the corresponding period in 2017.2018. The average annualized yield on the loan portfolio was 4.71%4.87% for the quarter ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to 4.56%4.59% for the quarter ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Additionally, the average balance of total non-accrual loans, which amounted to $1.8$3.2 million and $2.3$2.0 million for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively, impacted the Company’s loan yield for both periods presented.
 
Interest income on investment securities totaled $554,000$570,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $514,000$579,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017, an increaseMarch 31, 2018, a decrease of $40,000,$9,000, or 7.8%1.6%. For the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, investment securities had an average balance of $93.3$79.2 million with an average annualized yield of 2.88% compared to an average balance of $97.6 million with an average annualized yield of 2.37% compared to an average balance of $92.3 million with an average annualized yield of 2.23% for the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
 
Interest income on interest-bearing deposits was $132,000$187,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, representing an increase of $49,000, or 59.0%,$120,000 from $83,000$67,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. For the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, interest-bearing deposits had an average balance of $26.3$30.4 million and an average annualized yield of 1.99%2.50% as compared to an average balance of $25.9$18.1 million and an average annualized yield of 1.27%1.50% for the same period in 2017.2018. The increase in the rate was the result of the Federal Reserve raising short-term interest rates.
 
Interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities amounted to $2.2$2.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $1.4$1.7 million for the corresponding period in 2017,2018, an increase of $831,000,$1.0 million, or 59.0%62.9%. This increase in interest expense was comprised of a $329,000$299,000 volume related increase as well as a $502,000$760,000 rate related increase.
 
The Bank continues to focus on developing core deposit relationships. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities was $786.7$810.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $710.5$769.6 million for the same period last year, an increase of $76.2$41.2 million, or 10.7%5.3%. Average NOW accounts increaseddecreased $728,000$31.0 million from $200.3$236.7 million with an average annualized rate of 0.47%0.53% during the thirdfirst quarter of 2017,2018, to $201.0$205.7 million with an average annualized rate of 0.63%0.81% during the thirdfirst quarter of 2018.2019. Average savings accounts increased $6.1$7.2 million from $260.9$248.5 million with an average annualized rate of 0.52%0.58% during the thirdfirst quarter of 2017,2018, to $267.0$255.7 million with an average annualized rate of 0.84%0.94% during the thirdfirst quarter of 2018.2019. Average money market deposits experienced a decrease of $15.0$16.8 million over this same period while the average annualized rate increased to 0.18%0.22% from 0.17%. Average time deposits increased by $87.3$88.3 million, or 69.0%52.4%, to $213.9$256.6 million over this same period. During the thirdfirst quarter of 2018,2019, our average demand deposits totaled $171.7$174.8 million, an increase of $1.5$14.8 million, or 0.9%9.2%, over the same period last year. For the three months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the average annualized cost for all interest-bearing liabilities was 1.13%1.36%, compared to 0.79%0.88% for the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
 
Our strategies for increasing and retaining core deposit relationships, managing loan originations within our acceptable credit criteria and loan category concentrations, and our planned branch network growth have combined to meet our liquidity needs. The Company also offers agreements to repurchase securities, commonly known as repurchase agreements, to our customers as an alternative to other insured deposits. Average balances of repurchase agreements for the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 were $18.4$15.5 million, with an average interest rate of 0.30%0.29%, compared to $23.2$19.6 million, with an average interest rate of 0.31%0.29%, for the thirdfirst quarter of 2017.2018.
 
The Company also utilizes FHLB term borrowings as an additional funding source. The average balance of such borrowings for the thirdfirst quarter of 2019 and 2018 and 2017 was $27.9$25.7 million and $26.2$28.2 million, respectively, with an average interest rate of 1.94%2.08% and 2.38%1.87%, respectively.
 
The $10 million of subordinated debentures totaled $9.9 million at September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, which includes $86,000$68,000 of remaining unamortized debt issuance costs. The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the expected life of the issue. The effective interest rate of the subordinated debt is 6.67%.



 Three Months Ended September 30, 2018 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017 Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
(dollars in thousands)(dollars in thousands)
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income/
Expense
 
Average
Yield/
Rate
 Average
Balance
 Interest
Income/
Expense
 Average
Yield/
Rate
(dollars in thousands)
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income/
Expense
 
Average
Yield/
Rate
 Average
Balance
 Interest
Income/
Expense
 Average
Yield/
Rate
ASSETSASSETS           ASSETS           
Interest Earning Assets:Interest Earning Assets:             Interest Earning Assets:             
Interest-bearing deposits in banks$26,337
 $132
 1.99% $25,901
 $83
 1.27%Interest-bearing deposits in banks$30,370
 $187
 2.50% $18,135
 $67
 1.50%
Investment securities93,341
 554
 2.37% 92,257
 514
 2.23%Investment securities79,234
 570
 2.88% 97,625
 579
 2.37%
Loans, net of unearned fees (1) (2)896,999
 10,656
 4.71% 803,553
 9,227
 4.56%Loans, net of unearned fees (1) (2)941,488
 11,312
 4.87% 868,544
 9,821
 4.59%
                        
Total Interest-Earning Assets1,016,677
 11,342
 4.43% 921,711
 9,824
 4.23%Total Interest-Earning Assets1,051,092
 12,069
 4.66% 984,304
 10,467
 4.31%
                            
Non-Interest-Earning Assets:Non-Interest-Earning Assets:           Non-Interest-Earning Assets:           
Allowance for loan losses(11,341)     (10,056)    Allowance for loan losses(11,434)     (10,840)    
All other assets75,038
     83,244
    All other assets79,742
     72,889
    
                                
Total Assets$1,080,374
     $994,899
    Total Assets$1,119,400
     $1,046,353
    
                        
LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITYLIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY           LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY           
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:Interest-Bearing Liabilities:           Interest-Bearing Liabilities:           
NOW deposits$201,026
 320
 0.63% $200,298
 239
 0.47%NOW deposits$205,693
 413
 0.81% $236,674
 310
 0.53%
Savings deposits267,025
 568
 0.84% 260,919
 340
 0.52%Savings deposits255,687
 592
 0.94% 248,488
 354
 0.58%
Money market deposits48,606
 22
 0.18% 63,557
 27
 0.17%Money market deposits41,580
 23
 0.22% 58,348
 25
 0.17%
Time deposits213,872
 1,014
 1.88% 126,566
 463
 1.45%Time deposits256,603
 1,390
 2.20% 168,327
 669
 1.61%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase18,389
 14
 0.30% 23,167
 18
 0.31%Securities sold under agreements to repurchase15,549
 11
 0.29% 19,636
 14
 0.29%
FHLB and other borrowings27,870
 136
 1.94% 26,159
 157
 2.38%FHLB and other borrowings25,711
 132
 2.08% 28,217
 130
 1.87%
Subordinated debt9,911
 165
 6.66% 9,876
 164
 6.64%Subordinated debt9,929
 165
 6.65% 9,893
 165
 6.67%
                        
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities786,699
 2,239
 1.13% 710,542
 1,408
 0.79%Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities810,752
 2,726
 1.36% 769,583
 1,667
 0.88%
                        
Non-Interest-Bearing Liabilities:Non-Interest-Bearing Liabilities:           Non-Interest-Bearing Liabilities:           
Demand deposits171,729
     170,267
    Demand deposits174,822
     160,060
    
Other liabilities9,314
     8,351
    Other liabilities16,075
     9,033
    
                                
Total Non-Interest-Bearing Liabilities181,043
     178,618
    Total Non-Interest-Bearing Liabilities190,897
     169,093
    
                        
Shareholders' EquityShareholders' Equity112,632
     105,739
    Shareholders' Equity117,751
     107,677
    
                        
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity$1,080,374
     $994,899
    Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity$1,119,400
     $1,046,353
    
                            
NET INTEREST INCOMENET INTEREST INCOME  $9,103
     $8,416
  NET INTEREST INCOME  $9,343
     $8,800
  
                        
NET INTEREST SPREAD (3)NET INTEREST SPREAD (3)    3.30%     3.44%NET INTEREST SPREAD (3)    3.30%     3.43%
                        
NET INTEREST MARGIN (4)NET INTEREST MARGIN (4)    3.55%     3.62%NET INTEREST MARGIN (4)    3.60%     3.63%

(1)Included in interest income on loans are net unearned loan fees.
(2)Includes non-performing loans.
(3)The interest rate spread is the difference between the weighted average yield on average interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of average interest-bearing liabilities.
(4)
The interest rate margin is calculated by dividing annualized net interest income by average interest-earning assets.






  Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018 Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
(dollars in thousands) 
Average
Balance
 
Interest
Income/
Expense
 
Average
Yield/
Rate
 Average
Balance
 Interest
Income/
Expense
 Average
Yield/
Rate
ASSETS            
Interest-Earning Assets:            
Interest-bearing deposits in banks $21,923
 $293
 1.79% $34,824
 $257
 0.99%
Investment securities 95,574
 1,703
 2.38% 94,120
 1,546
 2.19%
Loans, net of unearned fees (1) (2) 883,436
 30,720
 4.65% 781,861
 26,363
 4.51%
             
Total Interest-Earning Assets 1,000,933
 32,716
 4.37% 910,805
 28,166
 4.13%
             
Non-Interest-Earning Assets:            
Allowance for loan losses (11,097)     (9,801)    
All other assets 74,168
     79,867
    
             
Total Assets $1,064,004
     $980,871
    
             
LIABILITIES & SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY            
Interest-Bearing Liabilities:            
NOW deposits $219,242
 937
 0.57% $196,748
 682
 0.46%
Savings deposits 259,365
 1,415
 0.73% 259,109
 1,004
 0.52%
Money market deposits 53,413
 70
 0.18% 63,029
 80
 0.17%
Time deposits 190,520
 2,501
 1.76% 131,380
 1,404
 1.43%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase 19,734
 43
 0.29% 22,054
 50
 0.30%
FHLB and other borrowings 26,862
 382
 1.90% 24,976
 449
 2.40%
Subordinated debt 9,902
 495
 6.67% 9,868
 493
 6.68%
             
Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities 779,038
 5,843
 1.00% 707,164
 4,162
 0.79%
             
Non-Interest-Bearing Liabilities:            
Demand deposits 165,778
     162,279
    
Other liabilities 9,094
     7,801
    
             
Total Non-Interest-Bearing Liabilities 174,872
     170,080
    
             
Shareholders' Equity 110,094
     103,627
    
             
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $1,064,004
     $980,871
    
             
NET INTEREST INCOME   $26,873
     $24,004
  
             
NET INTEREST SPREAD (3)     3.37%     3.34%
             
NET INTEREST MARGIN (4)     3.59%     3.52%

(1)Included in interest income on loans are net unearned loan fees.
(2)Includes non-performing loans.
(3)The interest rate spread is the difference between the weighted average yield on average interest-earning assets and the weighted average cost of average interest-bearing liabilities.
(4)The interest rate margin is calculated by dividing annualized net interest income by average interest-earning assets.



Analysis of Changes in Net Interest Income
 
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated a summary of changes in interest earned and interest paid resulting from changes in volume and changes in rates:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2018
Compared to Three Months Ended
September 30, 2017
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018
Compared to Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Compared to Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 
Increase (decrease) due to change in Increase (decrease) due to change inIncrease (decrease) due to change in 
Volume Rate Net Volume Rate NetVolume Rate Net 
(in thousands) (in thousands)(in thousands) 
Interest Earned On:                 
Interest-bearing deposits in banks$1
 $48
 $49
 $(95) $131
 $36
$45
 $75
 $120
 
Investment securities6
 34
 40
 24
 133
 157
(110) 101
 (9) 
Loans, net of unearned fees1,073
 356
 1,429
 3,425
 932
 4,357
826
 665
 1,491
 
                 
Total Interest Income1,080
 438
 1,518
 3,354
 1,196
 4,550
761
 841
 1,602
 
                 
Interest Paid On:                 
NOW deposits1
 80
 81
 78
 177
 255
(41) 144
 103
 
Savings deposits8
 220
 228
 1
 410
 411
10
 228
 238
 
Money market deposits(6) 1
 (5) (12) 2
 (10)(7) 5
 (2) 
Time deposits319
 232
 551
 632
 465
 1,097
350
 371
 721
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase(4) 
 (4) (5) (2) (7)(3) 
 (3) 
FHLB and other borrowings10
 (31) (21) 34
 (101) (67)(11) 13
 2
 
Subordinated debt1
 
 1
 2
 
 2
1
 (1) 
 
                 
Total Interest Expense329
 502
 831
 730
 951
 1,681
299
 760
 1,059
 
                 
Net Interest Income$751
 $(64) $687
 $2,624
 $245
 $2,869
$462
 $81
 $543
 

The change in interest due to both volume and rate has been allocated proportionally to both, based on their relative absolute values.
 
Provision for Loan Losses
 
During the thirdfirst quarter of 2018,2019, a provision for loan losses of $150,000$425,000 was expensed as compared to $255,000$400,000 for the corresponding 20172018 period. The majority of the thirdfirst quarter of 20182019 and 20172018 provision was to support the Company's strong loan growth. The Company had $39,000growth and $15,000 into a lesser degree, net loan recoveries during the three months ended September 30, 2018charge offs of $241,000 and 2017,$106,000, respectively. The provision for loan losses is determined by an allocation process whereby an estimated allowance is allocated to the specific allowance for impaired loans and the general allowance for pools of loans. The allocation reflects management’s assessment of economic conditions, credit quality and other risk factors inherent in the loan portfolio. The allowance for loan losses totaled $11.4$11.6 million, or 1.26%1.22% of total loans at September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, as compared to $10.7$11.4 million, or 1.25%1.24% at December 31, 2017.2018.
 
In management’s opinion, the level of allowance for loan losses, totaling $11.4$11.6 million, is appropriate to adequately provide for known and inherent risks in the portfolio. In the current interest rate and credit quality environment, our risk management philosophy has been to stay within our established credit culture. Management will continue to review the need for additions to its allowance for loan losses based upon its ongoing review of the loan portfolio and credit quality trends, the level of delinquencies, and general market and economic conditions.



Non-Interest Income

For the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, non-interest income amounted to $1.4$1.2 million and $1.5$1.3 million, respectively, a decrease of $98,000,$153,000, or 6.7%11.7%. This decrease was primarily the result of lower residential mortgage banking revenues, and gainlower gains on the sale of SBA loans and lower service fees on deposit accounts, partially offset by higher other loan fees, primarily due to loan prepayment fees, and service fees on deposit accounts resulting from a realignment of fees and various products.fees. Additionally, other income declinedincreased by $74,000,$40,000, or 30.8%24.7%, primarily due to the reclassification of $49,000 in debit card interchange expenses recorded as contra-revenue due to the adoption of ASU 2014-09 in 2018, as well asresulting from the recognition of a $19,000$31,000 unrealized lossgain related to the CRA Mutual Fund due to the adoption of ASU 2016-01, compared to a $40,000 unrealized loss in 2018.

Non-Interest Expenses
 
Non-interest expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 increased $286,000,$68,000, or 4.6%1.1%, to $6.5$6.3 million compared to $6.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. This increase was primarily due to higher professional fees, partially offset by lower salaries and benefits resulting from annual merit increases, along with new hires in the lending and deposit teams,lower occupancy and higher data processing expenses.equipment costs.

Income Taxes
 
The Company recorded income tax expense of $1.0 million$997,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $1.2 million$807,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 was 26.4% and 2017 was 26.3% and 35.0%23.2%, respectively. IncomeThe increase in the effective tax expense declined for the three months ended September 30, 2018rate was due to a reduction in the Federal corporate incomelower tax rate from 34% to 21%, effective January 1, 2018. Additionally, a $35,000 benefit was recorded in the third quarter of 2018 compared to $32,000 in the same period relatingrelated to the accounting treatment of equity-based compensation.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2018compensation, in which a $41,000 benefit was recognized in the first quarter of 2019 compared to September 30, 2017
Net Interest Income
Net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 totaled $26.9 million, an increase of $2.9 million, or 12.0%, compared to $24.0 million for the corresponding period in 2017. This increase was largely due to an increase of $90.1 million, or 9.9%, in average interest-earning assets, primarily resultinga $90,000 benefit from growth in the Company’s loan portfolio. Average core checking deposits, which consist of non-interest demand deposits and NOW accounts, increased by $26.0 million, or 7.2%. As a result of these positives, the net interest margin increased by 7 basis points. 

The net interest margin and net interest spread increased to 3.59% and 3.37%, respectively, for the nine month period ended September 30, 2018, from 3.52% and 3.34%, respectively, for the same prior year period, primarily resulting from higher yielding interest-earning assets, partially offset by a higher cost of funds.

Total interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased by $4.6 million, or 16.2%. The increase in interest income was primarily due to a volume related increase in interest income of $3.4 million, combined with a rate related increase in interest income of $1.2 million for the first nine months of 2018 as compared to the same prior year period.
Interest and fees on loans increased $4.4 million, to $30.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $26.4 million for the corresponding period in 2017. Volume related increases of $3.4 million were combined with rate related increases of $932,000. The average balance of the loan portfolio for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased by $101.6 million, or 13.0%, to $883.4 million from $781.9 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The average annualized yield on the loan portfolio was 4.65% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to 4.51% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Additionally, the average balance of total non-accrual loans, which amounted to $1.9 million and $2.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively, impacted the Company’s loan yield for both periods presented.
Interest income on investment securities totaled $1.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $1.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, an increase of $157,000, or 10.2%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, investment securities had an average balance of $95.6 million with an average annualized yield of 2.38% compared to an average balance of $94.1 million with an average annualized yield of 2.19% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.


Interest income on interest-bearing deposits was $293,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2018, representing an increase of $36,000, or 14.0%, from $257,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, interest-bearing deposits had an average balance of $21.9 million and an average annualized yield of 1.79% as compared to an average balance of $34.8 million and an average annualized yield of 0.99% for the same period in 2017. The increase in the rate was the result of the Federal Reserve raising short-term interest rates.
Interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities amounted to $5.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 compared to $4.2 million for the corresponding period in 2017, an increase of $1.7 million, or 40.4%. This increase in interest expense was comprised of a $730,000 volume related increase as well as a $951,000 rate related increase.
The Bank continues to focus on developing core deposit relationships. The average balance of interest-bearing liabilities increased to $779.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 from $707.2 million for the same period last year, an increase of $71.9 million, or 10.2%. Average NOW accounts increased $22.5 million from $196.7 million with an average annualized rate of 0.46% during the nine months ended September 30, 2017, to $219.2 million with an average annualized rate of 0.57% during the nine months ended September 30, 2018. Average time deposits increased $59.1 million from $131.4 million with an average annualized rate of 1.43% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 to $190.5 million with an average annualized rate of 1.76% for the nine months ended September 30, 2018. These average balance increases were partially offset by a decrease in average money market deposits of $9.6 million over this same period while the average annualized rate increased by 1 basis point to 0.18%. During the nine months ended September 30, 2018, our average demand deposits totaled $165.8 million, an increase of $3.5 million, or 2.2%, over the same period last year. For the nine months ended September 30,Additionally, New Jersey enacted a Corporate Business Tax surtax of 2.5%, which did not take effect until July 1, 2018 and, 2017, the average annualized cost for all interest-bearing liabilities was 1.00% compared to 0.79%, respectively.
Our strategies for increasing and retaining core deposit relationships, managing loan originations within our acceptable credit criteria and loan category concentrations, and our planned branch network growth have combined to meet our liquidity needs. The Company also offers agreements to repurchase securities, commonly known as repurchase agreements, to our customers as an alternative to other insured deposits. Average balances of repurchase agreements for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 were $19.7 million, with an average interest rate of 0.29%, compared to $22.1 million, with an average interest rate of 0.30%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The Company also utilizes FHLB term borrowings as an additional funding source. The average balance of such, borrowings for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was $26.9 million and $25.0 million, with an average interest rate of 1.90% and 2.40%, respectively.
The $10 million of subordinated debentures totaled $9.9 million at September 30, 2018, which includes $86,000 of remaining unamortized debt issuance costs. The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the expected life of the issue. The effective interest rate of the subordinated debt is 6.67%

Provision for Loan Losses
There was a $775,000 provision for loan losses reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 as compared to a $855,000 provision for the corresponding 2017 period. The Company had $53,000negatively impacted income tax expense by approximately $75,000 in net loan charge-offs during the first nine monthsquarter of 2018,2019 compared to $197,000 in net loan charge-offs in the same period last year. 
Non-Interest Income

For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, non-interest income amounted to $4.2 million as compared to $4.1 million, an increase of $45,000, or 1.1%, from the corresponding period in 2017. This increase was largely the result of higher gains from the sale of SBA loans of $104,000, or 12.7%, and higher service fees on deposit accounts, other loan fees and title agency fees. These service fees increased $178,000, or 33.3%, mainly due to changes in our fee structure, while other loan fees increased $224,000, or 55.7%, due to higher loan prepayment fees. Title agency fees increased by $48,000. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $272,000, or 21.6%, in mortgage banking fees. Additionally, other income declined by $173,000, or 25.0%, primarily due to the reclassification of $145,000 in debit card interchange expenses recorded as contra-revenue due to the adoption of ASU 2014-09 in 2018, as well as the recognition of a $77,000 unrealized loss related to the CRA Mutual Fund due to the adoption of ASU 2016-01 in 2018.
Non-Interest Expenses
Non-interest expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 increased $1.2 million, or 6.7%, to $19.2 million compared to $18.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. This increase was primarily due to higher salaries and benefits of $1.4 million resulting from both annual merit increases, and new hires in the lending and deposit teams.


Income Taxes
The Company recorded income tax expense of $2.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and $3.1 million for the same period ended 2017. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 and 2017 was 26.0% and 33.3%, respectively. Income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2018 included additional income tax expense due to New Jersey's CBT surtax. Additionally, a $168,000 benefit was recorded in the first nine months of 2018 compared to $177,000 in the prior year relating to the accounting treatment of equity-based compensation.





FINANCIAL CONDITION 
Assets
 
At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, total assets were $1.086$1.141 billion, an increase of $46.5$44.1 million, or 4.5%4.0%, from $1.040$1.096 billion at December 31, 2017.2018. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, total loans were $900.9$948.5 million, an increase of $50.0$27.2 million, or 5.9%3.0%, from the $850.9$921.3 million reported at December 31, 2017.2018. This loan growth was funded primarily by deposit growth. Investment securities, including restricted stock, were $91.3$77.9 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 as compared to $94.6$80.4 million at December 31, 2017,2018, a decrease of $3.3$2.5 million, or 3.5%3.1%. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, cash and cash equivalents totaled $47.6$62.7 million compared to $48.2$48.1 million at December 31, 2017, a decrease2018, an increase of $606,000,$14.6 million, or 1.3%30.3%. Goodwill totaled $18.1 million at both September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017.2018.

Liabilities
 
Total liabilities increased $39.2$41.4 million, or 4.2%, to $972.4 million$1.021 billion at September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, from $933.2$979.9 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Total deposits increased $44.2$42.3 million, or 5.1%4.6%, to $905.7$959.7 million at September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, from $861.6$917.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. FHLB and other borrowings decreased by $1.3$1.8 million over this same period while securities sold under agreement to repurchase decreased by $5.0$4.2 million.

Securities Portfolio
 
Investment securities, including restricted investments, totaled $91.3$77.9 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $94.6$80.4 million at December 31, 2017,2018, a decrease of $3.3$2.5 million, or 3.5%3.1%. During the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, investment security purchases amounted to $9.8 million$65,000 and $4.0$3.8 million, respectively, while repayments, calls and maturities amounted to $12.2$2.4 million and $8.2$1.7 million, respectively. Additionally, there were no investment security sales during the first ninethree months of 20182019 or 2017.2018.
 
The Company maintains an investment portfolio to fund increased loans and liquidity needs (resulting from decreased deposits or otherwise) and to provide an additional source of interest income. The portfolio is composed of obligations of the U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government-sponsored entities, municipal securities, a limited amount of corporate debt securities and an investment in a Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”)CRA mutual fund. U.S. Government agencies are considered to have the lowest risk due to the “full faith and credit” guarantee by the U.S. Government. All of our mortgage-backed investment securities are collateralized by pools of mortgage obligations that are guaranteed by privately managed, U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises (“GSE”), such as Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Government National Mortgage Association. Due to these GSE guarantees, these investment securities are susceptible to less risk of non-performance and default than other corporate securities which are collateralized by private pools of mortgages. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company maintained $14.0$12.7 million of GSE residential mortgage-backed securities in the investment portfolio and $6.5$5.9 million of collateralized residential mortgage obligations, all of which are current as to payment of principal and interest and are performing in accordance with the terms set forth in their respective prospectuses. Municipal securities are evaluated by a review of the credit ratings of the underlying issuer, any changes in such ratings that have occurred, adverse conditions relating to the security or its issuer, as well as other factors.
 
Included within the Company’s investment portfolio are trust preferred securities, which consists of three single issue securities issued by large financial institutions, all with a Moody’s ratings from Baa1 to Baa2.rating of Baa1. These securities have an amortized cost value of $2.3 million and a fair value of $2.2$2.1 million at September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019. The unrealized loss on these securities is related to general market conditions and the widening of interest rate spreads and downgrades in credit ratings.spreads.
 
Management evaluates all securities for other-than-temporary impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic and market concerns warrant such evaluations. As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, all of these securities are current with their scheduled interest payments. Future deterioration in the cash flow of these instruments or the credit quality of the financial institution issuers could result in additional impairment charges in the future. 
 
The Company accounts for its investment securities as available for sale or held to maturity. Management determines the appropriate classification at the time of purchase. Based on an evaluation of the probability of the occurrence of future events, we determine if we have the ability and intent to hold the investment securities to maturity, in which case we classify them as held to maturity. All other investments are classified as available for sale. 
 
Securities classified as available for sale must be reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported as a separate component of shareholders’ equity, net of taxes. Gains or losses on the sales of securities available for sale are recognized upon realization utilizing the specific identification method. The net effect of unrealized gains or losses, caused by marking our available for sale portfolio to fair value, could cause fluctuations in the level of shareholders’ equity and equity-related financial ratios as changes in market interest rates cause the fair value of fixed-rate securities to fluctuate.



Securities classified as held to maturity are carried at cost, adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount over the terms of the maturity in a manner that approximates the interest method.

The Company has equity securities, which consists solely of the CRA Mutual Fund. Net unrealized gains and losses are recognized through earnings beginning January 1, 2018 after the adoption of ASU 2016-01.

Loan Portfolio
 
The following table summarizes total loans outstanding, by loan category and amount as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017.
2018.
 September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
 Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
 (in thousands, except for percentages) (in thousands, except for percentages)
Commercial and industrial $104,118
 11.6 % $101,371
 11.9 % $112,157
 11.8 % $109,362
 11.9 %
Real estate – construction 141,881
 15.7 % 118,094
 13.9 % 140,279
 14.8 % 144,865
 15.7 %
Real estate – commercial 548,763
 61.0 % 537,733
 63.3 % 577,270
 60.9 % 552,549
 60.0 %
Real estate – residential 75,973
 8.4 % 64,238
 7.5 % 89,455
 9.4 % 84,123
 9.1 %
Consumer 30,895
 3.4 % 30,203
 3.5 % 30,122
 3.2 % 31,144
 3.4 %
Unearned fees (735) (0.1)% (765) (0.1)% (790) (0.1)% (742) (0.1)%
Total loans $900,895
 100.0 % $850,874
 100.0 % $948,493
 100.0 % $921,301
 100.0 %
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2018, totalTotal loans, net of unearned fees, increased by $50.0$27.2 million, or 5.9%3.0%, to $900.9$948.5 million from $850.9$921.3 million at December 31, 2017.2018. The increase was due to growth in allmost sectors of the portfolio during the period. Our local economy seems to reflect some strengthening in certain sectors. As such, we remain optimistic in our growth prospects for lending for the remainder of 2018,2019, recognizing that we will continue to be challenged due in part to both the competitive landscape and pricing pressures. Our loan pipeline remains strong, as we continue to remain focused on growing our portfolio. One of our strategies is to open low cost loan production offices (“LPOs”) in contiguous markets and once a certain level of business is achieved, the intention is to replace some of these LPOs with a full service branch at an appropriate location within that market. During the first quarter of 2017, the Bank relocated our Toms River, New Jersey, LPO into a new, more highly visible location that now complements our other LPO in Summit, New Jersey. Both of our LPOs are staffed by experienced seasoned loan officers who are knowledgeable within these markets and have begun to produce positive results.
 
The mix of our loan composition at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 reflects our desire to continue emphasizing commercial and industrial, commercial real estate, construction and residential lending. Within the loan portfolio, commercial real estate remains the largest component, constituting 61.0%60.9% of our total loans at September 30, 2018, downMarch 31, 2019, up slightly from 63.3%60.0% at December 31, 2017.2018. These loans increased $11.0$24.7 million, or 2.1%4.5%, to $548.8$577.3 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 from $537.7$552.5 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Commercial and industrial loans increased by $2.7$2.8 million, or 2.7%2.6%, to $104.1$112.2 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 from $101.4$109.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Real estate construction loans increaseddecreased by $23.8$4.6 million, or 20.1%3.2%, to $141.9$140.3 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 from $118.1$144.9 million at December 31, 2017,2018, while real estate residential loans increased $11.7$5.3 million, or 18.3%6.3%, to $76.0$89.5 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 from $64.2$84.1 million at December 31, 2017. The increase in real estate residential loans is inclusive of the sale of $9.8 million in portfolio adjustable rate mortgages during the first nine months of 2018, which generated a gain of $200,000.2018. Consumer loans grewdeclined by $692,000,$1.0 million, or 2.3%3.3%, to $30.9$30.1 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 from $30.2$31.1 million at December 31, 2017.2018.
 
Asset Quality
 
One of our key operating objectives has been, and continues to be, to maintain a high level of asset quality. We continually analyze our credit quality through a variety of strategies. We have been proactive in addressing problem and non-performing assets and management believes our allowance for loan losses is adequate to cover known and potential losses. These strategies, as well as our underwriting standards for new loan originations, have resulted in relatively low levels of non-performing loans and charge-offs (see following tables). Our loan portfolio composition generally consists of loans secured by commercial real estate, land development and construction of real estate projects mainly in the Monmouth, Middlesex, Union and Ocean Counties, New Jersey market area. We continue to have lending success and growth in the medical markets through our Private Banking Department. We have experienced signs of improvement in our markets as our loan pipeline remains strong. Efficient and effective asset-management strategies reflect the type and quality of assets being underwritten and originated.
 
The Company continues to be proactive in identifying troubled credits, to record charge-offs promptly based on current collateral values, and to maintain an adequate allowance for loan losses at all times. We closely monitor local and regional real estate markets and other risk factors related to our loan portfolio.


 
The Bank does not originate or purchase loans with payment options, negative amortization loans or sub-prime loans. We evaluate the classification of all our loans and the financial results of some of those loans which may be adversely impacted by changes in the prevailing economic conditions, either nationally or in our local market areas, including decreases in real estate values, adverse employment conditions, the monetary and fiscal policies of the federal and state government and other significant external events. For loans involved in a workout situation, a new or updated appraisal or evaluation, as appropriate, is ordered to address current project plans and market conditions that were considered in the development of the workout plan. The consideration includes whether there has been material deterioration in the following factors: the performance of the project; conditions of the geographic market and property type; variances between actual conditions and original appraisal assumptions; changes in project specifications (e.g., changing a planned condominium project to an apartment building); loss of a significant lease or a take-out commitment. A new appraisal may not be necessary in all instances where an internal evaluation is used to appropriately update the original appraisal assumptions reflecting current market conditions along with providing an estimate of the collateral’s fair market value for impairment analysis testing.

Non-Performing Assets
 
Non-performing assets include loans that are not accruing interest (non-accrual loans), loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing and other real estate owned, which consists of real estate acquired as the result of a defaulted loan. A loan is placed on non-accrual status when collection of all principal or interest is considered unlikely or when principal or interest is past due for 90 days or more, unless the loan is well-secured and in the process of collection, in which case, the loan will continue to accrue interest. Any unpaid interest previously accrued on those loans is reversed from income. Interest income on other non-accrual loans is recognized only to the extent of interest payments received. A troubled debt restructuring loan (“TDR”) is a loan in which the contractual terms have been modified resulting in the Bank granting a concession to a borrower who is experiencing financial difficulties in order for the Bank to have a greater opportunity of collecting the indebtedness from the borrower. Non-accruing TDRs are included in non-performing loans.
 
At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, non-accrual loans decreasedincreased to $1.4$3.9 million from the $2.1$1.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Our non-performing loans are primarily secured by real estate. At September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company had no loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing.
 
The following table summarizes our non-performing assets as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017.2018. Total TDRs are broken out at the bottom of the table.
 September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018
 (dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Non-Performing Assets:        
        
Non-Accrual Loans:        
Commercial and industrial $765
 $790
 $600
 $765
Real estate-construction 150
 150
 2,833
 150
Real estate-commercial 54
 219
 54
 54
Real estate-residential 227
 717
 227
 227
Consumer 194
 194
 194
 194
        
Total Non-Performing Loans 1,390
 2,070
 3,908
 1,390
        
OREO 585
 
 585
 585
        
Total Non-Performing Assets $1,975
 $2,070
 $4,493
 $1,975
        
Ratios:        
Non-Performing loans to total loans 0.15% 0.24% 0.41% 0.15%
Non-Performing assets to total assets 0.18% 0.20% 0.39% 0.18%
        
Troubled Debt Restructured Loans:        
Performing $5,678
 $6,053
 $6,726
 $6,842
Non-performing (included in non-performing assets above) 877
 994
 711
 877



Total non-performing loans decreasedincreased by $680,000$2.5 million from December 31, 2017.2018. Nine loans comprise both the $3.9 million and $1.4 million and twelveof non-performing loans comprised the $2.1 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company believes it has a manageable level of non-performing loans, many of which are in the final stages of loss mitigation or legal resolution.
 
At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, non-performing commercial and industrial loans from decreased by $25,000$165,000 during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, primarily due to the charge-offfull payoff of one loan relationship and the addition of one credit.relationship. The $765,000$600,000 is comprised of fivefour commercial term loans.
 
At September 30,March 31, 2019, non-performing real estate construction loans increased by $2.7 million from December 31, 2018, due to the addition of a $2.9 million residential construction loan placed into non-accrual status, for which a $242,000 partial writedown was subsequently recorded on the loan.

At March 31, 2019, non-performing real estate commercial, loans decreased by $165,000 from December 31, 2017, due primarily to payments and one loan that transferred to OREO status.
At September 30, 2018, non-performing real estate residential loans decreased to $227,000 from December 31, 2017 due to one loan that transferred into OREO status.
At September 30, 2018, non-performingand consumer loans remained unchanged at $54,000, $227,000 and $194,000, respectively, from December 31, 2017.2018.
 
OREO represents real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed in lieu of foreclosure. These assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs. When a property is acquired, the excess of the loan balance over fair value, less selling costs, is charged to the allowance for loan losses. Operating results from real estate owned, including rental income, operating expenses, and gains and losses realized from the sales of real estate owned are recorded as incurred. All of our OREO are aggressively marketed,At March 31, 2019 and are monitored on a regular basis to ensure valuations are in line with current fair market values. At September 30,December 31, 2018, the Bank had $585,000 in OREO as compared to none at December 31, 2017.OREO.  

Loans whose terms are modified are classified as TDRs if the Company grants such borrowers concessions and it is deemed that those borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty. Concessions granted under a TDR generally involve a temporary reduction in interest rate or a modification of a loan’s amortization schedule. Non-accrual TDRs are restored to accrual status if principal and interest payments, under the modified terms, are current for six consecutive months after the modification is in place. Loans classified as TDRs are designated as impaired from a cash flow perspective. Modifications involving troubled borrowers may include a modification of a loan’s amortization schedule, reduction in the stated interest rate and rescheduling of future cash flows.
 
The Company’s TDR modifications are made on terms typically up to 12 months in order to aggressively monitor and track performance of the credit. The short-term modifications are monitored for continued performance for an additional period of time after the expiration of the concession. Balance reductions and annualized loss rates are also important metrics that are monitored. The main objective of the modification program is to reduce the payment burden for the borrower and to deleverage the Company’s exposure.
 
As of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, TDRs totaled $6.6$7.4 million and $7.0$7.7 million, respectively. Concessions made on TDRs generally involved a temporary reduction in interest rate or a modification of a loan’s amortization schedule. The main objective of the modification is to reduce the payment burden for the borrower and to deleverage the Company’s exposure. The $6.6$7.4 million is comprised of $171,000$166,000 in real estate commercial loans, $3.1 million in real estate construction loans, $2.9$3.8 million in commercial and industrial, and $364,000$360,000 in real estate residential loans. All TDRs as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 are collateral-dependent. The one loan relationship that was unsecured and on non-accrual was charged-off during the first quarter of 2018. Of the $6.6$7.4 million, no relationships have a specific reserve in our ALLL computation.
 
The $171,000$166,000 in real estate commercial loans identified as TDR’s are all accruing, with the exception of one non-accrual loan totaling $54,000, which is secured by real estate.

The $3.1 million in real estate construction loans is partiallyare primarily comprised of fourthree relationships and are all performing, with the exception of one non-accrual loan totaling $150,000, which are currently being developed, under contract and/or amortizing, and all are accruing except for one loan for $150,000.is well collateralized.
 
The $2.9$3.8 million in commercial and industrial loans are all performing, with the exception of fourthree non-accrual loans totaling $673,000.$507,000, each of which is well collateralized.
 
The $364,000$360,000 in real estate residential loans are all performing.






Potential Problem Loans
 
Potential problem loans consist of special mention, substandard, and doubtful loans. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company had $14.7$14.3 million in loans that were risk rated as special mention, substandard, or doubtful. This $14.7$14.3 million of special mention, substandard, and doubtful loans represents a decrease of $8.2 million$600,000 from the $22.9$14.9 million reported at December 31, 2017,2018, primarily due to the partial writedown on one credit upgraded to pass from special mention during the first quarter and the full payoff of another credit.



At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, other than the loans set forth above, the Company is not aware of any loans which present serious doubts as to the ability of its borrowers to comply with present loan repayment terms and which are expected to fall into one of the risk categories set forth in the description herein.comprising potential problem loans.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The following table summarizes our allowance for loan losses for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 and for the year ended December 31, 2017.
2018.
September 30, December 31,March 31, December 31,
2018 2017 20172019 2018 2018
(in thousands, except percentages)(in thousands, except percentages)
          
Balance at beginning of year$10,668
 $9,565
 $9,565
$11,398
 $10,668
 $10,668
Provision charged to expense775
 855
 1,530
425
 400
 775
Recoveries (charge-offs), net(53) (197) (427)(241) (106) $(45)
Balance of allowance at end of period$11,390
 $10,223
 $10,668
$11,582
 $10,962
 $11,398
          
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding (annualized)0.01% 0.03% 0.05%0.10% 0.05% 0.01%
Balance of allowance as a percent of loans at period-end1.26% 1.25% 1.25%1.22% 1.26% 1.24%
Ratio of allowance to non-performing loans at period-end819.42% 435.95% 515.36%296.37% 555.88% 820.00%
 
At September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company’s allowance for loan losses was $11.4$11.6 million and $10.7$11.4 million, respectively. The allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 was 1.26%1.22%, compared with 1.25%1.24% at December 31, 2017.2018. The Company recorded a $775,000$425,000 provision to the allowance for loan losses for the ninethree month period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 as compared to a $855,000$400,000 provision for the comparable period in 2017.2018. The majority of the 2019 and 2018 provision was to support loan growth in 2018, while the majority of the 2017 provision was primarily the result of loan growth coupled with a partial charge-off.charge-offs. Non-performing loans at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 are either well-collateralized or adequately reserved for in the allowance for loan losses.
 
Management maintains the allowance for loan losses at a level estimated to absorb probable loan losses of the loan portfolio. The allowance is based on ongoing evaluations of the probable estimated losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Our methodology for evaluating the appropriateness of the allowance includes segmentation of the loan portfolio into its various asset components, tracking the historical levels of criticized loans and delinquencies, and assessing the nature and trends of loan charge-offs. Additionally, the volume of non-performing loans, concentration of risks by size, type, and geography, new products and markets, collateral adequacy, credit policies and procedures, staffing, underwriting consistency, and economic conditions are also taken into consideration. Risks within the loan portfolio are analyzed on a continuous basis by the Bank’s senior management, outside independent loan review auditors, directors’ loan committee, and board of directors. A risk system, consisting of multiple grading categories, is utilized as an analytical tool to assess risk and set appropriate reserves.
 
Our local economy seems to reflect some strengthening in certain sectors. As such, we remain optimistic in our growth prospects for lending for the remainder of 2018,2019, recognizing that we will continue to be challenged due in part to both the competitive landscape and pricing pressures and, as such, prudent risk management practices must be maintained. Along with this conservative approach, we have further stressed our qualitative and quantitative allowance factors to primarily reflect the current state of the economy, the housing market and levels of unemployment. We apply this process and methodology in a consistent manner and reassess and modify the estimation of methods and assumptions on a regular basis.
 
During the fourth quarter of 2018, Management employed a more refined estimation in determining the risk levels assigned to each of its qualitative factors in the allowance for loan losses. While this did not result in a significant change to the allowance for loan losses as a whole, it did result in increasing or decreasing the provision for certain loan categories that the Company either had experienced more or less historical net charge-offs.



We attempt to maintain an allowance for loan losses at a sufficient level to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. Risks within the loan portfolio are analyzed on a continuous basis by the Bank’s senior management, outside independent loan review consultants, directors’ loan committee, and board of directors. The level of the allowance is determined by assigning specific allowances to impaired loans and general allowances on all other loans. The portion of the allowance that is allocated to impaired loans is determined by estimating the inherent loss on each credit after giving consideration to the value of the underlying collateral on collateral dependent loans and cash flow from operations on cash flow dependent loans. A risk rating system, consisting of multiple grading categories, is utilized as an analytical tool to assess risk and set appropriate reserves. Along with the risk system, senior management evaluates risk characteristics of the loan portfolio under current economic conditions and considers such factors as the financial condition of the borrower, past and expected loss experience, and other factors management feels deserve recognition in establishing an appropriate allowance. These estimates are reviewed at least quarterly, and as adjustments become necessary they are realized in the periods in which they become known. Although management attempts to maintain the allowance at a level deemed adequate to cover any losses, future additions to the allowance may be necessary based upon changes in market conditions, either generally or specific to our area, or changes in the circumstances of particular borrowers. In addition, various regulatory agencies periodically review our allowance for loan losses. These agencies may require the Company to take additional provisions based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination.

Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”)
 
In November 2004, the Company invested in $3.5 million of BOLI to provide additional life insurance benefits for the Company and certain of its officers and directors, and as a source of funding for additional life insurance benefits for officers and employee benefit expenses related to the Company’s non-qualified Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”) implemented for certain executive officers in 2004. The SERPs provide for payments upon retirement, death or disability. Since its initial investment in 2004, the Company has purchased an additional $17.0 million of BOLI in order to provide life insurance benefits for additional officers upon death or disability and to provide a source of funding for future enhancements of the benefits under the SERPs.BOLI. Expenses related to the SERP were approximately $239,000$38,000 and $230,000$80,000 for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively. BOLI involves our purchase of life insurance on a selected group of officers. The Company is the owner and a beneficiary of the policies. Increases in the cash surrender values of this investment are recorded in other income in the statement of operations. Earnings on BOLI amounted to $395,000$143,000, which includes a $17,000 death benefit, and $411,000$130,000 for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively.
 
Premises and Equipment
 
Premises and equipment totaled approximately $6.0$6.2 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and $6.2$5.9 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Depreciation expense totaled $480,000$148,000 and $588,000$166,000 for the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively.
 
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
 
Intangible assets totaled $18.1 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, which was comprised of goodwill. The Company performed its annual qualitative factor goodwill impairment test as of August 31, 2018. Based on the results of this analysis, the Company concluded that there was no impairment on the current goodwill balance of $18.1 million.

There can be no assurance that future testing will not result in material impairment charges due to further developments in the banking industry or our markets or otherwise. Additional goodwill discussion can be referenced in Note 4, Goodwill, in the Company’s financial statements.
 
Deposits
 
Deposits are the Company’s primary source of funds. The deposit increase during 20182019 was primarily attributable to the Company’s strategic initiative to continue to remain focused on growing market share through core deposit relationships. The Company anticipates loan demand to increase during 20182019 and beyond, and will depend on the expansion and maturation of the branch network as its primary funding source. As a secondary funding source, the Company intends to utilize borrowed funds, including FHLB advances, brokered certificates of deposit (“CDs”), and Listed Service CDs, at opportune times during changing rate cycles to help support its growth. The Company continues to experience change in the mix of the deposit products through its branch sales efforts, which are targeted to gain market penetration. In order to fund future loan growth, the Company intends to use the most cost-effective funding mix available within the market area.
 
At September 30,In the third quarter of 2017, the Company closed and consolidated its Allaire and Manasquan branches into a new and more visible location in Sea Girt, New Jersey. In the fourth quarter of 2018, totalwe closed our New Brunswick branch as that office had not met our long-term expectations. The closure of these offices was in line with our strategic plans of optimizing the profitability of our branch network. Additionally, in early April of 2019, we opened a new branch in the Ironbound district of Newark, New Jersey


in Essex County. We also purchased a new site in Middletown, New Jersey, and will be relocating our existing Middletown branch into this new, more visible location.This branch is expected to open in the third quarter of 2019.

Total deposits amounted to $905.7at March 31, 2019, were $959.7 million, reflecting an increase of $44.2$42.3 million, or 5.1%4.6%, from $861.6the $917.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Core checking deposits at September 30, 2018 decreased $30.8March 31, 2019 increased $8.5 million, or 7.7%,2.3% to $369.1$378.5 million fromwhen compared to year-end 2017,2018, while savings accounts, money market deposits and time deposits, including wholesale and brokered CDs, collectively increased $75.0$33.8 million, or 16.2%6.2%, to $536.6$581.2 million as compared to $461.6 million at December 31, 2017.2018. The Bank continueshas continued to focus on building non-interest-bearing


deposits, as this lowers our costscost of funds. Additionally, our savings accounts and other interest-bearing deposit products provide an efficient and cost-effective source to fund our loan originations.
 
One of the primary strategies is the accumulation and retention of core deposits. Core deposits consist of all deposits, except CDs $250,000 and over, brokered CDs and Listed Service CDs. Core deposits at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 amounted to $763.3$785.9 million and accounted for 84.3%81.9% of total deposits, as compared to $761.6$765.0 million and 88.4%83.4% at December 31, 2017.2018. During 2018,2019, we continued to price our CDs $250,000 and over at rates that did not exceedare competitive with our market competition. The balance in our CDs $250,000 and over at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 totaled $26.5$44.7 million as compared to $14.9$38.5 million at December 31, 2017,2018, an increase of $11.6$6.2 million, or 78.1%16.1%. At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company had $70.4$82.8 million in brokered CDs as compared to $40.7$74.1 million at December 31, 2017,2018, with all-in rates ranging from 1.30% to 2.84%3.15% and original terms ranging from 12 to 84 months, while Listed Service CDs totaled $45.5$46.3 million compared to $44.4$39.8 million at December 31, 2017,2018, with rates between 1.20%1.30% to 3.21%3.26% and original terms ranging from 12 to 60 months.

The Company found this strategy of placing both brokered and Listed Service CDs provides a more cost-effective source of longer-term funding, as the rates paid for these type CDs were very competitive with current fixed rate term advances at the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB”) without any collateral requirements.
 
Borrowings
 
The Bank has unsecured lines of credit totaling $46.0 million with four correspondent financial institutions. These borrowings are priced on a daily basis. The Bank had no borrowings outstanding on these lines. The Bank also has remaining borrowing capacity with the FHLB of approximately $47.9$36.9 million based on the current loan collateral pledged of $149.8$135.4 million at September 30, 2018.March 31, 2019.
 
Short-term borrowings consist of Federal funds purchased and short-term borrowings from the FHLB. At September 30,March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, and 2017, the Company had no short-term borrowings outstanding.
 
At September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, FHLB and other borrowings consisted of advances from the FHLB, which amounted to $24.5$20.7 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $25.8$22.5 million at December 31, 2017.2018. The FHLB advances had a weighted average interest rate of 1.90%1.96% and 1.87%1.93% at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively. These advances are contractually scheduled for repayment as follows:
September 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 Rate 
Original Term
(years)
 MaturityMarch 31, 2019 December 31, 2018 Rate 
Original Term
(years)
 Maturity
(dollars in thousands)  
    (dollars in thousands)  
    
Fixed Rate Note$2,000
 $2,000
 1.65% 5 October 2018$
 $1,800
 1.59% 4 January 2019
Fixed Rate Note
 1,300
 1.31% 3 January 20182,700
 2,700
 1.81% 5 January 2020
Fixed Rate Note1,800
 1,800
 1.59% 4 January 20192,500
 2,500
 2.03% 6 January 2021
Fixed Rate Note2,700
 2,700
 1.81% 5 January 20201,000
 1,000
 1.09% 3 July 2019
Fixed Rate Note2,500
 2,500
 2.03% 6 January 20211,000
 1,000
 1.42% 5 July 2021
Fixed Rate Note1,000
 1,000
 1.09% 3 July 20197,500
 7,500
 2.07% 5 August 2022
Fixed Rate Note1,000
 1,000
 1.42% 5 July 20211,000
 1,000
 1.70% 7 July 2023
Fixed Rate Note7,500
 7,500
 2.07% 5 August 20225,000
 5,000
 2.16% 4 October 2021
Fixed Rate Note1,000
 1,000
 1.70% 7 July 2023
Fixed Rate Note5,000
 5,000
 2.16% 4 October 2021
            
Total FHLB borrowings$24,500
 $25,800
  
    $20,700
 $22,500
  
    
 
The maximum amount outstanding of FHLB advances at any month-end during the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018 and 2017 was $39.5$30.7 million and $30.3$39.5 million, respectively. The average interest ratesrate paid on FHLB advances was 1.90%2.08% and 2.40%1.87% during the ninethree months ended September 30,March 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively. 



Subordinated Debentures
 
In December 2015, the Company completed a private placement of $10 million in aggregate principal amount of fixed to floating rate subordinated debentures to certain institutional accredited investors. The subordinated debentures have a maturity date of December 31, 2025 and bear interest, payable quarterly, at the rate of 6.25% per annum until January 1, 2021.  On that date, the interest rate will be adjusted to float at an annual rate equal to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 464 basis points (4.64%) until maturity. The debentures include a right of prepayment, without penalty, on or after December 14, 2020 and, in certain limited circumstances, before that date. The indebtedness evidenced by the subordinated debentures, including principal and interest, is unsecured and subordinate and junior in right to payment to general and secured creditors of the Company and depositors and other creditors of the Bank. The subordinated debentures have been structured to qualify as Tier 2 capital for regulatory purposes. Subordinated debentures totaled $9.9 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, which includes $86,000$68,000 and $112,000$77,000 of remaining unamortized debt issuance costs at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively. The debt issuance costs are being amortized over the expected life of the issue. The effective interest rate of the subordinated debentures is 6.67%.
 
Repurchase Agreements
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, which are classified as secured borrowings, generally mature within one to four days from the transaction date. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase are reflected as the amount of cash received in connection with the transaction. The Company may be required to provide additional collateral based on the fair value of the underlying securities. Securities sold under agreements to repurchase amounted to $22.2$15.2 million at September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, a decrease of $5.0$4.2 million, or 18.3%21.7%, from $27.1$19.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. 

Liquidity
 
Liquidity defines the Company’s ability to generate funds to support asset growth, meet deposit withdrawals, maintain reserve requirements and otherwise operate on an ongoing basis. An important component of the Company’s asset and liability management structure is the level of liquidity available to meet the needs of our customers and requirements of our creditors. The liquidity needs of the Bank are primarily met by cash on hand, Federal funds sold position, maturing investment securities and short-term borrowings on a temporary basis. The Bank invests the funds not needed to meet its cash requirements in overnight Federal funds sold and an interest-bearing account with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. With adequate deposit inflows coupled with the above-mentioned cash resources, the Bank is maintaining short-term assets which we believe are sufficient to meet its liquidity needs. The Bank’s liquidity can be affected by a variety of factors, including general economic conditions, market disruption, operational problems affecting third parties or us, unfavorable pricing, competition, our credit rating and regulatory restrictions.
 
At September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company had $47.6$62.7 million in cash and cash equivalents as compared to $48.2$48.1 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Cash and cash equivalent balances include $29.7$46.7 million and $18.6$24.1 million of interest-bearing deposits at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
The Company’s financial statements do not reflect off-balance sheet arrangements that are made in the normal course of business. These off-balance sheet arrangements consist of unfunded loans and letters of credit made under the same standards as on-balance sheet instruments.  These instruments have fixed maturity dates, and because many of them will expire without being drawn upon, they do not generally present any significant liquidity risk to the Company.
 


Management believes that any amounts actually drawn upon these commitments can be funded in the normal course of operations.  The following table sets forth the Bank’s off-balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017:
2018:
September 30, December 31,March 31, December 31,
2018 20172019 2018
(dollars in thousands)(dollars in thousands)
Lines of credit secured by 1 - 4 family residential properties$27,294
 $26,124
$28,806
 $25,828
Commitments to fund commercial real estate and construction loans197,093
 154,637
144,914
 177,650
Commitments to fund commercial and industrial loans and other loans62,627
 64,998
58,419
 60,579
Commercial and financial letters of credit4,165
 5,160
3,387
 4,245
Total off-balance sheet commitments$291,179
 $250,919
$235,526
 $268,302
 


Capital
 
Shareholders’ equity increased by approximately $7.3$2.7 million, or 6.9%2.3%, to $113.9$119.2 million at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 compared to $106.6$116.5 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Net income for the ninethree month period ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 added $8.2$2.8 million to shareholders’ equity. Additionally, stock-based compensation expense of $222,000,$83,000, options exercised of $345,000, and$179,000, employee stock purchases of $49,000$16,000 and $73,000 in after-tax net unrealized gains on securities available for sale during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, were other major contributors to the increase. These increases were partially offset by $1.2 million$476,000 in cash dividends on common stock and $218,000 in after-tax net unrealized losses on securities available for sale.stock. During the ninethree months ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company repurchased no shares under its share repurchase program.

The Company and the Bank are subject to various regulatory and capital requirements administered by the Federal banking agencies. Our federal banking regulators, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) (which regulates bank holding companies) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) (which regulates the Bank), have issued guidelines classifying and defining capital. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Company’s financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Company and the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of their assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The capital amounts and classification of the Company and the Bank is also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings and other factors.

Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Company and the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios, set forth in the following tables of Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets (Leverage Ratio), Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets, Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets and Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets.  
 
As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Company and the Bank met all regulatory requirements for classification as well-capitalized under the applicable regulatory framework. Management believes that there are no conditions or events that have changed the classification.
 
The capital ratios of the Company and the Bank, at September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 and December 31, 2017,2018, are presented below.


 Company Bank 
Minimum
Required For
Capital
Adequacy
Purposes
 
To Be Well
Capitalized
Under Prompt
Corrective
Action
Regulations*
 Company Bank 
Minimum
Required For
Capital
Adequacy
Purposes
 
To Be Well
Capitalized
Under Prompt
Corrective
Action
Regulations*
As of September 30, 2018        
As of March 31, 2019        
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets 9.99% 10.98% 4.50% 6.50% 10.10% 11.00% 4.50% 6.50%
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets (Leverage Ratio) 9.06% 9.96% 4.00% 5.00% 9.20% 10.03% 4.00% 5.00%
Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets 9.99% 10.98% 6.00% 8.00% 10.10% 11.00% 6.00% 8.00%
Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets 12.21% 12.16% 8.00% 10.00% 12.25% 12.16% 8.00% 10.00%
                
As of December 31, 2017        
As of December 31, 2018        
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets 9.68% 10.66% 4.50% 6.50% 10.14% 11.09% 4.50% 6.50%
Tier 1 Capital to Average Assets (Leverage Ratio) 8.85% 9.76% 4.00% 5.00% 9.10% 9.95% 4.00% 5.00%
Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets 9.68% 10.66% 6.00% 8.00% 10.14% 11.09% 6.00% 8.00%
Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets 11.93% 11.82% 8.00% 10.00% 12.34% 12.26% 8.00% 10.00%


* The Prompt Corrective Action rules apply to the Bank only. For the Company to be “well capitalized,”capitalized” under Federal Reserve definitions for bank holding companies, the Company is only required to have a Tier 1 Capital to Risk Weighted Assets has to beratio of at least 6.00% and a Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets ratio of at least 10.0%.
  
Risk-based capital rules adopted effective January 1, 2015 require that banks and holding companies maintain a “capital conservation buffer” of 250 basis points in excess of the “minimum capital ratio.” The minimum capital ratio is equal to the prompt corrective action adequately capitalized threshold ratio. The capital conservation buffer is being phased in over a four year period that began on January 1, 2016, with a required buffer of 0.625% of risk weighted assets for 2016, 1.25% for 2017, 1.875% for 2018 and 2.5% for 2019 and thereafter. Failure to maintain the required capital conservation buffer will result in limitations on capital distributions and on discretionary bonuses to executive officers.


As of March 31, 2019 and December 31 2018, the Company and the Bank's capital levels exceeded the applicable capital conservation buffer. Effective January 1, 2018,2019, the capital levels required forto avoid limitation on elective distributions applicable to the Company and the Bank to avoid the limitations on capital distributions and discretionary bonuses were as follows:
i.a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of 6.375%7.00%;
ii.a Tier 1 Risk based capital ratio of 7.875%8.50%; and
iii.a Total Risk based capital ratio of 9.875%10.50%.
 
As of September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, the Bank had a capital conservation buffer greater than 2.5%.

The Bank is subject to certain legal and regulatory limitations on the amount of dividends that it may declare without prior regulatory approval. Under Federal Reserve regulations, the Bank is limited as to the amount it may lend affiliates, including the Company, unless such loans are collateralized by specific obligations.

Regulatory Update
The Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act (the “Act”), which was designed to ease certain restrictions imposed by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, was enacted into law on May 24, 2018. Most of the changes made by the Act can be grouped into five general areas: mortgage lending; certain regulatory relief for “community” banks; enhanced consumer protections in specific areas, including subjecting credit reporting agencies to additional requirements; certain regulatory relief for large financial institutions, including increasing the threshold at which institutions are classified a systemically important financial institutions (from $50 billion to $250 billion) and therefore subject to stricter oversight, and revising the rules for larger institution stress testing; and certain changes to federal securities regulations designed to promote capital formation. Some of the key provisions of the Act as it relates to community banks and bank holding companies include, but are not limited to: (i) designating mortgages held in portfolio as “qualified mortgages” for banks with less than $10 billion in assets, subject to certain documentation and product limitations; (ii) exempting banks with less than $10 billion in assets from Volcker Rule requirements relating to proprietary trading; (iii) (iii) simplifying capital calculations for banks with less than $10 billion in assets by requiring federal banking agencies to establish a community bank leverage ratio of tangible equity to average consolidate assets not less than 8% or more than 10% and provide that banks that maintain tangible equity in excess of such ratio will be deemed to be in compliance with risk-based capital and leverage requirements; (iv) assisting smaller banks with obtaining stable funding by providing an exception for reciprocal deposits from FDIC restrictions on acceptance of brokered deposits; (v) raising the eligibility for use of short-form Call Reports from $1 billion to $5 billion in assets; and (vi) clarifying definitions pertaining to high volatility commercial real estate loans (HVCRE), which require higher capital allocations, so that only loans with increased


risk are subject to higher risk weightings. The Company continues to analyze the changes implemented by the Act and further rulemaking from federal banking regulators, but, at this time, does not believe that such changes will materially impact the Company’s business, operations, or financial results.

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
 
Not required.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures
 
The Company has established disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
The Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, with the assistance of other members of the Company’s management, have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.  Based upon such evaluation, the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report.
 
The Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer have also concluded that there was no change in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2018March 31, 2019 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.



PART II.   OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

From time to time, the Company may be subject to other legal proceedings and claims in the ordinary course of business. The Company currently is not aware of any such legal proceedings or claims that it believes will have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

There has been no material change in the risk factors previously disclosed under the heading "Risk Factors" within the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
During the quarter ended September 30, 2018,March 31, 2019, no shares were repurchased under the Company’s share repurchase program. In December 2017,January 2019, the Board of Directors approved a new share repurchase program, whereby the Company may repurchase up to $2.0 million of its common stock from January 1, 20182019 to December 31, 2018.2019.

Item 3.    Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4.    Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.    Other Information

None.



Item 6.     Exhibits 
*Certification of principal executive officer of the Company pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)
      
*Certification of principal financial officer of the Company pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a)
      
*Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, signed by the principal executive officer of the Company and the principal financial officer of the Company
      
101.INS  XBRL Instance Document
      
101.SCH  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
      
101.CAL  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
      
101.DEF  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
      
101.LAB  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
      
101.PRE  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase
                                                  
*           Filed herewith.
 


SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
   TWO RIVER BANCORP  
         
         
Date: November 8, 2018May 9, 2019By:/s/ William D. Moss  
     William D. Moss  
     Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer  
     (Principal Executive Officer)  
��        
         
Date: November 8, 2018May 9, 2019By:/s/ A. Richard Abrahamian  
     A. Richard Abrahamian  
     Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer  
     (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)  



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