Table of Contents

 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
 
FORM 10-Q
 
 
 
(Mark One)
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019
Or
 
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                     to                     
Commission file number 001-35817
 
CANCER GENETICS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
 
Delaware 04-3462475
(State or other jurisdictionOther Jurisdiction of
incorporationIncorporation or organization)Organization
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
201 Route 17 North 2nd Floor
Rutherford, NJ
201 Route 17 North 2nd Floor Rutherford, NJ
07070
Address of Principal Executive OfficesZip Code

(201) 528-9200
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code
 
 






Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading symbolName of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per shareCGIXNASDAQ Capital Market
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer ¨  Accelerated filer ¨
    
Non-accelerated filer 
¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
x
  Smaller reporting company x
       
    Emerging growth company x¨
       
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. x¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý
As of November 6, 2017,August 16, 2019, there were 24,253,83160,408,467 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 of Cancer Genetics, Inc. outstanding.
 

CANCER GENETICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
   
Item 1. 
 
 
 
 
   
Item 2.
   
Item 3.
   
Item 4.
  
 
   
Item 1.
   
Item 1A.
   
Item 2.
   
Item 3.
   
Item 4.
   
Item 5.
   
Item 6.
  
  


PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
Item 1.    Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Cancer Genetics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except par value)
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
June 30,
2019
 December 31,
2018
ASSETS      
CURRENT ASSETS      
Cash and cash equivalents$4,807
 $9,502
$667
 $161
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of 2017 $2,277; 2016 $1,38715,797
 11,748
Accounts receivable691
 777
Other current assets2,881
 2,174
536
 553
Current assets of discontinued operations24,660
 23,421
Total current assets23,485
 23,424
26,554
 24,912
FIXED ASSETS, net of accumulated depreciation6,009
 4,738
634
 497
OTHER ASSETS      
Operating lease right-of-use assets153
 
Restricted cash300
 300
350
 350
Patents and other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization8,356
 1,503
3,126
 3,349
Investment in joint venture247
 268
92
 92
Goodwill14,158
 12,029
5,963
 5,963
Other1,415
 172
243
 243
Total other assets24,476
 14,272
9,927
 9,997
Total Assets$53,970
 $42,434
$37,115
 $35,406
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY      
CURRENT LIABILITIES      
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$9,314
 $8,148
$2,777
 $3,100
Obligations under capital leases, current portion271
 109
Obligations under operating leases, current portion207
 
Obligations under finance leases, current portion36
 20
Deferred revenue109
 789
1,622
 1,215
Line of credit2,000
 
Term note, current portion
 2,000
Convertible note, net3,101
 2,481
Advance from NovellusDx, Ltd., net1,500
 535
Other derivatives
 86
Current liabilities of discontinued operations22,665
 20,742
Total current liabilities11,694
 11,046
31,908
 28,179
Term note4,936
 2,654
Obligations under capital leases726
 374
Obligations under finance leases, less current portion140
 23
Obligations under operating leases, less current portion78
 
Deferred rent payable and other181
 290

 154
Warrant liability4,167
 2,018
49
 248
Deferred revenue, long-term1,130
 428
Total Liabilities22,834
 16,810
32,175
 28,604
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY      
Preferred stock, authorized 9,764 shares, $0.0001 par value, none issued
 

 
Common stock, authorized 100,000 shares, $0.0001 par value, 24,252 and 18,936 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively2
 2
Common stock, authorized 100,000 shares, $0.0001 par value, 57,816 and 27,726 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively6
 3
Additional paid-in capital158,068
 139,576
171,021
 164,455
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss)(1) 
Accumulated (deficit)(126,933) (113,954)
Accumulated other comprehensive income19
 60
Accumulated deficit(166,106) (157,716)
Total Stockholders’ Equity31,136
 25,624
4,940
 6,802
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity$53,970
 $42,434
$37,115
 $35,406

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Cancer Genetics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Loss (Unaudited) 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162019 2018 2019 2018
Revenue$8,028
 $6,750
 $21,598
 $19,819
$1,525
 $1,281
 $3,347
 $2,708
Cost of revenues4,588
 4,444
 12,831
 12,832
725
 875
 1,719
 1,633
Gross profit3,440
 2,306
 8,767
 6,987
800
 406
 1,628
 1,075
Operating expenses:              
Research and development981
 1,594
 3,080
 4,806
7
 16
 15
 31
General and administrative4,346
 3,701
 11,352
 11,677
1,266
 1,464
 3,173
 3,384
Sales and marketing1,301
 1,054
 3,437
 3,731
322
 386
 514
 612
Total operating expenses6,628
 6,349
 17,869
 20,214
1,595
 1,866
 3,702
 4,027
Loss from operations(3,188) (4,043) (9,102) (13,227)
Loss from continuing operations(795) (1,460) (2,074) (2,952)
Other income (expense):              
Interest expense(350) (111) (797) (344)(514) (2) (1,129) (5)
Interest income10
 4
 37
 21

 
 2
 21
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable105
 18
 (114) 119
7
 64
 7
 81
Change in fair value of other derivatives55
 
 86
 
Change in fair value of warrant liability2,790
 712
 (3,927) 729
206
 2,154
 199
 2,846
Other expense
 (325) (46) (325)(11) (23) (11) (23)
Total other (expense)2,555
 298
 (4,847) 200
Loss before income taxes(633) (3,745) (13,949) (13,027)
Income tax (benefit)
 
 (970) 
Net (loss)$(633) $(3,745) $(12,979) $(13,027)
Basic net (loss) per share$(0.03) $(0.23) $(0.65) $(0.88)
Diluted net (loss) per share$(0.15) $(0.23) $(0.65) $(0.88)
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding21,577
 16,519
 20,059
 14,868
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding22,359
 16,519
 20,059
 14,868
Total other income (expense)(257) 2,193
 (846) 2,920
Income (loss) before income taxes(1,052) 733
 (2,920) (32)
Income tax benefit(512) 
 (512) 
Income (loss) from continuing operations(540) 733
 (2,408) (32)
Loss from discontinuing operations(3,233) (4,366) (5,982) (8,057)
Net loss(3,773) (3,633) (8,390) (8,089)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)35
 85
 (41) 65
Comprehensive loss$(3,738) $(3,548) $(8,431) $(8,024)
              
Net (loss)(633) (3,745) (12,979) (13,027)
Foreign currency translation (loss)(1) 
 (1) 
Comprehensive (loss)(634) (3,745) (12,980) (13,027)
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share from continuing operations$(0.01) $0.03
 $(0.05) $
Basic and diluted net loss per share from discontinuing operations(0.06) (0.16) (0.11) (0.30)
Basic and diluted net loss per share$(0.07) $(0.13) $(0.16) $(0.30)
       
Basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding57,164
 27,049
 53,049
 27,049
See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Cancer Genetics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (Unaudited)
(in thousands)

  Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
  Common Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Accumulated
Deficit
 Total
  Shares Amount 
Balance, January 1, 2019 27,726
 $3
 $164,455
 $60
 $(157,716) $6,802
Stock based compensation—employees (1) 
 158
 
 
 158
Issuance of common stock - 2019 Offerings, net 28,551
 3
 5,409
 
 
 5,412
Unrealized loss on foreign currency translation 
 
 
 (76) 
 (76)
Net loss 
 
 
 
 (4,617) (4,617)
Balance, March 31, 2019 56,276
 6
 170,022
 (16) (162,333) 7,679
Stock based compensation—employees 
 
 102
 
 
 102
Issuance of common stock - Iliad conversions 1,540
 
 350
 
 
 350
Increase in fair value of embedded conversion option 
 
 547
 
 
 547
Unrealized gain on foreign currency translation 
 
 
 35
 
 35
Net loss 
 
 
 
 (3,773) (3,773)
Balance, June 30, 2019 57,816
 $6
 $171,021
 $19
 $(166,106) $4,940

  Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
  Common Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Accumulated
Deficit
 Total
  Shares Amount 
Balance, January 1, 2018 27,754
 $3
 $161,527
 $69
 $(134,834) $26,765
Stock based compensation—employees (24) 
 274
 
 
 274
Transition adjustment for adoption of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606 
 
 
 
 (2,509) (2,509)
Unrealized loss on foreign currency translation 
 
 
 (20) 
 (20)
Net loss 
 
 
 
 (4,456) (4,456)
Balance, March 31, 2018 27,730
 3
 161,801
 49
 (141,799) 20,054
Stock based compensation—employees (4) 
 268
 
 
 268
Fair value of warrants reclassified from liabilities to equity 
 
 423
 
 
 423
Warrant modification costs 
 
 83
 
 
 83
Unrealized gain on foreign currency translation 
 
 
 85
 
 85
Net loss 
 
 
 
 (3,633) (3,633)
Balance, June 30, 2018 27,726
 $3
 $162,575
 $134
 $(145,432) $17,280
See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Cancer Genetics, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) 
(in thousands)
 Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES   
Net loss$(8,390) $(8,089)
Loss from discontinuing operations5,982
 8,057
Net loss from continuing operations(2,408) (32)
    
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:   
Depreciation29
 77
Amortization223
 258
Stock-based compensation260
 542
Change in fair value of warrant liability, acquisition note payable and other derivatives(292) (2,927)
Amortization of discount of debt and debt issuance costs470
 
Interest added to Convertible Note268
 
Modification of 2017 Debt warrants
 83
Loss in equity-method investment
 3
Loss on extinguishment of debt256
 
Changes in:   
Accounts receivable85
 (43)
Other current assets(61) 65
Operating lease right-of-use assets85
 
Other non-current assets
 6
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue306
 201
Obligations under operating leases(107) 
Deferred rent payable and other
 (23)
Net cash used in operating activities, continuing operations(886) (1,790)
Net cash used in operating activities, discontinuing operations(3,974) (6,311)
Net cash used in operating activities(4,860) (8,101)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES   
Purchase of fixed assets(21) (4)
Net cash used in investing activities, continuing operations(21) (4)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities, discontinuing operations(34) 963
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities(55) 959
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES   
Principal payments on obligations under finance leases(12) (27)
Proceeds from offerings of common stock, net of certain offering costs5,412
 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities, continuing operations5,400
 (27)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities, discontinuing operations62
 (832)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities5,462
 (859)
Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash(41) 61
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash506
 (7,940)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH   
Beginning511
 9,891
Ending$1,017
 $1,951




 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES   
Net (loss)$(12,979) $(13,027)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) to net cash (used in) operating activities:   
Depreciation1,436
 1,502
Amortization234
 260
Provision for bad debts890
 8
Stock-based compensation1,395
 1,538
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable114
 (119)
Change in fair value of warrant liability3,927
 (729)
Amortization of debt issuance costs51
 9
Amortization of discount on debt134
 
Loss in equity method investment21
 45
Loss on extinguishment of debt78
 
Changes in:   
Accounts receivable(4,029) (7,066)
Other current assets(606) (67)
Other non-current assets251
 (9)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue(1,057) 372
Deferred rent payable and other(109) (16)
Net cash (used in) operating activities(10,249) (17,299)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES   
Purchase of fixed assets(1,192) (345)
Patent costs(73) (127)
Purchase of cost method investment(200) 
Acquisition of vivoPharm, Pty Ltd., net of cash acquired(656) 
Net cash (used in) investing activities(2,121) (472)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES   
Principal payments on capital lease obligations(170) (101)
Proceeds from warrant exercises1,827
 
Proceeds from option exercises7
 
Proceeds from offerings of common stock with derivative warrants, net of certain offering costs
 9,962
Proceeds from borrowings on Silicon Valley Bank line of credit2,000
 
Proceeds from Partners for Growth IV, L.P. term note6,000
 
Proceeds from Aspire Capital common stock purchases, net of certain offering costs2,965
 
Principal payments on Silicon Valley Bank term note(4,667) (833)
Payment of debt issuance costs and loan fees(287) 
Net cash provided by financing activities7,675
 9,028
Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(4,695) (8,743)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS   
Beginning9,502
 19,459
Ending$4,807
 $10,716
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURE   
Cash paid for interest$633
 $250
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES   
Fixed assets acquired through capital lease arrangements$567
 $
Derivative warrants issued with debt1,004
 
Acquisition of vivoPharm business9,856
 
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW DISCLOSURE   
Cash paid for interest$694
 $638
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES   
Fixed assets acquired through capital lease arrangement$145
 $
Conversion of debt and accrued interest into common stock350
 
Increase in fair value of conversion option547
  
Fair value of warrants reclassified from liabilities to equity
 423

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Note 1.     Organization, Description of Business, Basis of Presentation, AcquisitionBusiness Disposals, 2019 Offerings, Standstill Agreement, Advance from NDX, Recently Adopted Accounting Standard, and Recent Accounting Pronouncements

We areCancer Genetics, Inc. supports the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry to develop innovative new drug therapies.
Until the closing of the Business Disposals (as defined below) in July 2019, we were an emerging leader in the field ofenabling precision medicine enablingin oncology by providing multi-disciplinary diagnostic and data solutions, facilitating individualized therapies in the field of oncology through our diagnostic products andtests, services and molecular markers. We develop, commercializeFollowing the Business Disposals described below, we currently have an extensive set of anti-tumor referenced data based on predictive xenograft and provide molecular- and biomarker-based tests and services that enable physicians to personalize the clinical management of each individual patient by providing genomic information to better diagnose, monitor and inform cancer treatment and that enable biotech and pharmaceutical companies engaged in oncology trials to better select candidate populations and reduce adverse drug reactions by providing information regarding genomic factors influencing subject responses to therapeutics. We have a comprehensive, disease-focused oncology testing portfolio. Our tests and techniques target a wide range of cancers, covering nine of the top ten cancers in prevalence in the United States, with additional unique capabilities offered by our FDA-cleared Tissue of Origin® test for identifying difficult to diagnosesyngeneic tumor types or poorly differentiated metastatic disease. Followingmodels from the acquisition of vivoPharm, Pty Ltd. (“vivoPharm”), as discussed in more detail below, we2017, to provide contract research services, focused primarily on unique specialized studies to guide drug discovery and development programs in the oncology and immune-oncologyimmuno-oncology fields.

We were incorporated in the State of Delaware on April 8, 1999 and, haveuntil the Business Disposals, had offices and state-of-the-art laboratories located in California, New Jersey and North Carolina and today continue to have laboratories in Pennsylvania Shanghai (China), Victoria (Australia) and Hyderabad (India).Australia. Our laboratories comply with the highest regulatory standards as appropriate for the services they deliver including CLIA, CAP, and NY State, California State and NABL (India).State. Our services are built on a foundation of world-class scientific knowledge and intellectual property in solid and blood-borne cancers, as well as strong academic relationships with major cancer centers such as Memorial Sloan-Kettering, Mayo Clinic, and the National Cancer Institute. We offer preclinical services such as predictive tumor models, human orthotopic xenografts and syngeneic immuno-oncology relevant tumor models in our Hershey PA facility, and are a leader in the field of immuno-oncology preclinical services in the United States. This service is supplemented with GLP toxicology and extended bioanalytical services in our Australian based facility in Bundoora VIC.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions for interim reporting as prescribed by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary to make the financial statements not misleading have been included. As such, the information included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016,2018, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2017.April 16, 2019. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2016,2018, included herein was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all disclosures including notes required by GAAP. Interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future interim period or for the year ending December 31, 2017.
Foreign Currency Translation2019.

DuringBusiness Disposals - Discontinued Operations

Interpace Diagnostics Group, Inc.

On July 15, 2019, the Company entered into and consummated a secured creditor asset purchase agreement (the “BioPharma Agreement”) by and among the Company, Gentris, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, Partners for Growth IV, L.P. (“PFG”), Interpace Diagnostics Group, Inc. (“IDXG”) and a newly-formed subsidiary of IDXG, Interpace BioPharma, Inc. (“Buyer”). The BioPharma Agreement provides for a consensual private foreclosure sale by PFG of all assets relating to the Company’s BioPharma Business (as defined in the BioPharma Agreement) to Buyer (the “BioPharma Disposal”).
Pursuant to the BioPharma Agreement, Buyer purchased from PFG certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the Company relating to the BioPharma Business, providing as gross consideration of $23,500,000, less certain closing adjustments totaling $1,978,240, of which $7,692,300 was paid in the form of a promissory note issued by Buyer to the Company (the “Excess Consideration Note”) and the remainder was paid to PFG in cash. PFG utilized the cash proceeds to satisfy the outstanding balances of the Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) asset-based revolving line of credit (“ABL”) and the $6.0 million term note to PFG (“PFG Term Note”), and to satisfy certain transaction expenses. The balance of approximately $2,260,000 was delivered to the Company along with the Excess Consideration Note. The Excess Consideration Note will mature on the earlier of the date of (i) the consummation of an investment by Ampersand Capital Partners or any of its affiliates into IDXG or Buyer, following IDXG receiving the approval of its shareholders of the issuance of shares of its common stock in connection therewith and (ii) July 15, 2022, and will be paid interest-only quarterly prior to maturity at a rate of 6% per year.


Following closing, the purchase price will be adjusted based on the net worth (assets less liabilities) of the BioPharma business as of June 30, 2019 as compared to the net worth of the BioPharma business as of April 30, 2019, with any increase or decrease in net worth over such period being added or subtracted, respectively, to the principal of the Excess Consideration Note, with such adjustment not to exceed $775,000. The Excess Consideration Note is also subject to set-off in the event that certain older accounts receivable of the Company purchased by Buyer, in the aggregate amount of approximately $830,000, are not collected prior to December 31, 2019, and as indemnification for breaches of certain limited warranties and of covenants of the Company and other specified items, subject to agreed-upon caps, baskets and survival periods as set forth in the BioPharma Agreement. Alternatively, if the Excess Consideration Note is no longer outstanding after December 31, 2019, the above-mentioned accounts receivable adjustment will be satisfied through an AR Holdback (as defined in the BioPharma Agreement) mechanism, as set forth in the BioPharma Agreement. The Excess Consideration Note is subordinated in favor of Buyer’s senior lender, subject to certain exceptions set forth therein.

The Company and Buyer also entered into a transition services agreement (the “TSA”) pursuant to which the Company and Buyer will provide certain services to each other to accommodate the transition of the BioPharma Business to Buyer. In particular, the Company agreed to provide to Buyer, among other things, certain personnel services, payroll processing, administration services and benefit administration services described in an exhibit thereto, for a period not to exceed six months from July 15, 2019, subject to the terms and conditions of the TSA, in exchange for payment or reimbursement, as applicable, by Buyer for the costs related thereto, including salaries and benefits for certain of the Company’s BioPharma employees during the transition period. In addition, it is anticipated that John A. Roberts, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and Glenn Miles, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, may enter into part-time consulting arrangements with Buyer and/or IDXG to assist with the transition.
In connection with the closing of the BioPharma Disposal, the SVB ABL and the PFG Term Note were terminated, and all related liens were released.

siParadigm, Inc.

On July 5, 2019, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “Clinical Agreement”) by and among the Company and siParadigm, LLC (“siParadigm”), pursuant to which the Company sold to siParadigm, certain assets associated with the Company’s clinical laboratory business (the “Clinical Business,” and such assets, the “Designated Assets”), and agreed to cease operating its Clinical Business. The Designated Assets include intellectual property, equipment and customer lists associated with the Clinical Business, and the Company will provide certain transitional services to siParadigm pursuant to the Clinical Agreement. The cash consideration paid by siParadigm at closing was approximately $758,000, which includes approximately $45,000 for certain equipment plus a $1,000,000 advance payment of the Earn-Out (as defined below), less approximately $177,000 of supplier invoices paid directly by siParadigm and transaction costs of approximately $110,000. The Earn-Out, to be paid over the 24 months post-closing, is based on fees for all tests performed by siParadigm for the Company’s clinical customers during the 12-month period following the closing (the “Earn-Out”). The Clinical Business sale (together with the BioPharma Disposal, the “Business Disposals”) was completed on July 8, 2019.

Under the Clinical Agreement, the Company agreed to certain non-competition and non-solicitation provisions, including that it will cease performing certain clinical tests and will not solicit or seek business from certain of its customers (other than for the Company’s other lines of business) for a period of three years following the closing date.

The Business Disposals have been classified as discontinued operations in conformity with GAAP. Accordingly, BioPharma and Clinical operations and balances have been reported as discontinued operations and removed from all financial disclosures of continuing operations. As permitted by Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 205-20, the Company elected to allocate approximately $657,000 and $1,442,000 of interest expense on debt not required to be repaid to discontinued operations during the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, respectively. No interest expense was allocated to discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, as all debt outstanding during those periods was repaid as part of the BioPharma Disposal. Unless otherwise indicated, information in these notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements relates to continuing operations. Certain of our operations have been presented as discontinued.

2019 Offerings

On January 9, 2019, we started accountingentered into an underwriting agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“H.C. Wainwright”), relating to an underwritten public offering of 13,333,334 shares of our common stock for $0.225 per share. We received proceeds from the offering of approximately $2,437,000, net of expenses and discounts of approximately $563,000. We also issued warrants to purchase 933,334 shares of common stock to H.C. Wainwright in connection with this offering. The warrants are exercisable for five years from the date of issuance at a per share price of $0.2475.

On January 26, 2019, we issued 15,217,392 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $0.23 per share. We received proceeds from the offering of approximately $2,975,000, net of expenses and discounts of approximately $525,000. We also issued warrants to purchase 1,065,217 shares of common stock to the underwriter, H.C. Wainwright, in connection with this offering. The warrants are exercisable for five years from the date of issuance at a per share price of $0.253.

The January 9, 2019 and January 26, 2019 offerings will be referred to collectively as the “2019 Offerings.” As disclosed in Note 15, certain of our foreign currency translationdirectors and executive officers purchased shares in other comprehensive income (loss). Assets and liabilities recorded in foreign currencies are translatedthe 2019 Offerings at the exchangepublic offering price.

Standstill Agreement

In May 2019, we entered into a second standstill agreement (“Second Standstill”) with Iliad Research and Trading, L.P. (“Iliad”), related to the $2,625,000 convertible promissory note dated July 17, 2018 (“Convertible Note”) described further in Note 7. The Second Standstill provided that Iliad would not seek to redeem any portion of the Convertible Note until May 31, 2019. In consideration for the Second Standstill, we agreed to adjust the conversion price on the first $1,250,000 of our debt to Iliad from $0.80 to $0.2273. In May 2019, Iliad converted $350,000 of the Convertible Note balance into 1,539,815 shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $0.2273 per share. On or about June 11, 2019, following the expiration of the Second Standstill, Iliad sent the Company a Redemption Notice (as defined in Note 7). On June 20, 2019, Iliad sent a notice to the Company asserting that the nonpayment of the redemption amount by the redemption due date constituted an event of default. Iliad asserted its right to increase the interest rate to 22% and to increase the then-outstanding balance of the loan by 15% (approximately $408,000). The Company and Iliad are currently negotiating a possible resolution.

Advance from NovellusDx, Ltd.

On September 18, 2018, we entered into an agreement and plan of merger (“Merger Agreement”) with NovellusDx, Ltd. (“NDX”). In connection with signing the Merger Agreement, NDX loaned us $1,500,000 (“Advance from NDX”). Interest accrued on the outstanding balance at 10.75% per annum until we terminated the Merger Agreement on December 15, 2018. As a result of the termination, the Advance from NDX, plus interest thereon, became due and payable on March 15, 2019. The Company and NDX are currently negotiating a possible resolution or settlement of the Advance from NDX.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance codified in ASC 842, Leases, which supersedes the guidance in former ASC 840, Leases, to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated at average ratesdisclosure of exchange prevailing duringkey information about leasing arrangements (with the year. Translation adjustments for prior periods haveexception of short-term leases).
In July 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2018-11 to the existing transition guidance that allows entities to recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of accumulated deficit in the period of adoption. Effective January 1, 2019, we adopted ASC 842 using this new transition guidance. The comparative information has not been presented,restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standard in effect for those periods.
We have elected to use the package of practical expedients, which allows us to not (1) reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are considered or contain leases; (2) reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (3) reassess the initial direct costs for any existing leases. We did not elect the hindsight practical expedient, which permits entities to use hindsight in determining the lease term and assessing impairment.
The most significant impact of adopting ASC 842 is related to the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases. Our accounting for finance leases remains substantially unchanged. The adoption of ASC 842 had no impact on our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations or total cash flows from operations.
The cumulative effect of the changes made to our unaudited consolidated January 1, 2019 balance sheet for the adoption of ASC 842 were as they are not material.follows (in thousands):

Liquidity
  As of December 31, 2018 Adjustment for Adoption of ASC 842 As of January 1, 2019
ASSETS      
Current assets of discontinued operations $23,421
 $2,327
 $25,748
Operating lease right-of-use assets 
 238
 238
  $23,421
 $2,565
 $25,986
LIABILITIES      
Current liabilities of discontinued operations $20,742
 $2,327
 $23,069
Deferred rent payable and other 154
 (154) 
Obligations under operating leases, current portion 
 204
 204
Obligations under operating leases, less current portion 
 188
 188
  $20,896
 $2,565
 $23,461

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract, which clarifies the accounting for implementation costs in cloud computing arrangements. The update will become effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and may be adopted either retrospectively or prospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We plan to adopt this standard prospectively. We are currently evaluating the impact that adoption of this ASU will have on our consolidated financial statements and whether or not to early adopt.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment,” which removes the requirement to perform a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those annual periods. Early adoption is permitted and applied prospectively. We do not expect ASU 2017-04 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Note 2. Going Concern

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, our cash position and history of losses required management to assesassess our ability to continue operating as a going concern, according to FASB Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15,ASC 205-40, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). Management evaluatedConcern. Prior to the history and operational lossesclosing of the Business Disposals transactions in July 2019, the Company did not have sufficient cash at June 30, 2019 to have a material effect on ourfund normal operations beyond the next three months from the date of this report unless certain current assets were converted to cash, as described below. After the Business Disposals, the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern unless we take actionsis still dependent on the Company’s ability to alleviate those conditions. Our primary sources of liquidity have been funds generatedraise additional equity or debt capital, spin-off non-core assets to raise additional cash, collect its outstanding accounts receivable and timely collect on the Excess Consideration Note or receive the Earn-Out payments from our debt financingssiParadigm without significant offsets, and equity financings. We have reduced, and plannegotiate discounts in good faith with its trade suppliers. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue reducing, our operating expenses, and expect to grow our revenue in 2017 and beyond, and have also increased our cash collections from our customers and third-party payors and plan to continue to improve our cash collection results.
Management believes that its existing cash and cash equivalents, taken together with the borrowings available from the Silicon Valley Bank line of credit and the common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC (described in Note 3), will be sufficient to fund the Company's operationsas a going concern for at least the next twelve months after filingfrom the issuance of this quarterlycurrent report on Form 10-Q.

AcquisitionNet cash used in operating activities for continuing operations was $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and the Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of vivoPharm$0.7 million at June 30, 2019, an increase from $0.2 million at December 31, 2018. The Company has negative working capital from continuing operations at June 30, 2019 of $7.3 million.
On August 15, 2017,
The Company currently requires a significant amount of additional capital to fund operations and pay its unsecured debt and accounts payable, and its ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to collect its Excess Consideration Note and its outstanding accounts receivable, receive the Earn-Out payments from siParadigm and negotiate discounts in good faith with its trade suppliers. In July 2019, we purchasedsold our BioPharma Business and Clinical Business as described in Note 1. While the Buyer assumed certain of our liabilities in the BioPharma Disposal, the cash received to date from the Business Disposals is insufficient to satisfy all of the outstanding stock of vivoPharm, with its principal place of business in Victoria, Australia, in a transaction valuedCompany’s liabilities and other obligations, and the Company cannot determine at approximately $1.2 million in cash, $9.5 million in the Company's common stock based on the closing pricethis time if future Earn-Out payments and payoff of the stock on August 15, 2017, plus an estimated settlementExcess Consideration Note, combined with settlements of $345,000claims against the Company will enable all creditors to be paid in full and provide sufficient funds for excess working capital in accounts payable and accrued expenses infuture operations. We are continuing to evaluate additional strategic options, which could include the accompanying balance sheet. The Company has deposited in escrow 20%sale of the stock consideration until the expiration of twelve months from the closing date to serve as the initial source for any indemnification claims and adjustments. The Company had an estimated $150,000 in transaction costs associated with the purchase of vivoPharm, which were expensed during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017.other assets, a merger, reverse merger or
Prior to the acquisition, vivoPharm was a contract research organization (“CRO”)
other strategic transaction. We can provide no assurances that specialized in planning and conducting unique, specialized studies to guide drug discovery and development programs with a concentration in oncology and immuno-oncology. The transaction is being accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations in accordance with GAAP. Under this method, the total consideration transferred to consummate the acquisition is being allocated to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values as of the closing date of the acquisition. The acquisition method of accounting requires extensive use of estimates and judgments to allocate the consideration transferred to the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Accordingly, the allocation of the consideration transferred is preliminary andour current actions will be adjusted upon completionsuccessful or that additional sources of cash or financing will be available to us on favorable terms, if at all. If the final valuation ofCompany is not able to collect its accounts and notes receivable or raise additional capital on a timely basis or on favorable terms, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The final valuation is expectedCompany may need to be completed as soon as practicable but no later than twelve months after the closing date of the acquisition.scale back further or, in extreme cases, discontinue its operations or liquidate its assets.

The estimated allocation of the purchase price as of August 15, 2017 consists of the following (in thousands):
Cash $544
Accounts receivable 905
Lab supplies 1,258
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 101
Fixed assets 949
Intangible assets 7,014
Goodwill 2,129
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (913)
Deferred revenue (814)
Obligations under capital leases (117)
Total purchase price $11,056

The following table provides certain pro formaunaudited condensed consolidated financial information forstatements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should the Company as if the acquisition of vivoPharm discussed above occurred on January 1, 2016 (in thousands except per share amounts):
 Three Months Ended September 30 Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Revenue$9,069
 $7,958
 $25,335
 $23,595
Net loss(976) (3,919) (13,788) (13,596)
        
Basic net loss per share$(0.04) $(0.20) $(0.61) $(0.76)
Diluted net loss per share(0.16) (0.20) (0.61) (0.76)

The pro forma numbers above are derived from historical numbers of the Company and vivoPharm. Over time the operations of vivoPharm will be integrated into the operations of the Company. At the current time, we do not have enough informationunable to prepare a reliable estimate of any possible changes.

The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 include the operations of vivoPharm from August 15, 2017, which accounted for approximately $794,000 of the Company’s consolidated Discovery Services revenue.

The net income of vivoPharm that is included in the Company’s results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 was approximately $380,000.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB��) issued Accounting Standards Update 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), requiring an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. As issued and amended, ASU 2014-09 will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either a full retrospective or retrospective with cumulative effect transition method. The updated standard becomes effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Early adoption is permitted in the first quarter of fiscal year 2017. The Company believes its Biopharma Service and Discovery Service revenues will be affected by the new standard. The Company is presently evaluating all of its contracts for performance obligations and variable consideration provisions that may affect the timing of revenue recognition subsequent to ASU 2014-09’s adoption. The Company expects to adopt the new standard on January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective approach, which involves applying the new standard to all contracts initiated on or after the effective date and recording an adjustment to opening equity for pre-existing contracts that have remaining obligations as of the effective date.

Note 2.     Revenue and Accounts Receivable

Revenue by service type for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 is comprised of the following (in thousands): 

 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Biopharma Services$4,168
 $3,805
 11,175
 $11,374
Clinical Services2,880
 2,687
 8,887
 7,685
Discovery Services980
 258
 1,536
 760
 $8,028
 $6,750
 $21,598
 $19,819

Accounts receivable by service type at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 consists of the following (in thousands): 


September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
Biopharma Services$3,702
 $3,683
Clinical Services13,072
 8,972
Discovery Services1,300
 480
Allowance for doubtful accounts(2,277) (1,387)

$15,797
 $11,748

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (in thousands)
Balance, December 31, 2016$1,387
Bad debt expense890
Balance, September 30, 2017$2,277

Revenue for Biopharma Services are customized solutions for patient stratification and treatment selection through an extensive suite of DNA-based testing services. Clinical Services are tests performed to provide information on diagnosis, prognosis and theranosis of cancers to guide patient management. These tests can be billed to Medicare, another third party insurer or the referring community hospital or other healthcare facility. Discovery Services are services that provide the tools and testing methods for companies and researchers seeking to identify new DNA-based biomarkers for disease. The breakdown of our Clinical Services revenue (as a percent of total revenue) is as follows:


 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Medicare11% 14% 14% 13%
Other insurers19% 21% 22% 20%
Other healthcare facilities6% 5% 5% 6%
 36% 40% 41% 39%

We have historically derived a significant portion of our revenue from a limited number of test ordering sites, although the test ordering sites that generate a significant portion of our revenue have changed from period to period. Test ordering sites account for all of our Clinical Services along with a portion of the Biopharma Services revenue. Our test ordering sites are largely hospitals, cancer centers, reference laboratories, physician offices and biopharmaceutical companies. Oncologists and pathologists at these sites order the tests on behalf of the needs of their oncology patients or as part of a clinical trial sponsored by a biopharmaceutical company in which the patient is being enrolled. We generally do not have formal, long-term written agreements with such test ordering sites, and,continue as a result, we may lose a significant test ordering site at any time.

The top five test ordering sites during the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 accounted for approximately 45% and 39% of our testing volumes, respectively. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, there was one biopharmaceutical company which accounted for approximately 11% of our total revenue. During the three months ended September 30, 2016, there was one biopharmaceutical company which accounted for approximately 18% of our total revenue.

The top five test ordering sites during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 accounted for approximately 40% and 31% of our testing volumes, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, there was one biopharmaceutical company which accounted for approximately 11% of our total revenue. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, there was one biopharmaceutical company which accounted for approximately 10% of our total revenue.going concern.

Note 3. Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Aspire Capital

On August 14, 2017, we entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company (“Aspire Capital”), which provides that Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $16.0 million of our common stock (the “Purchase Shares”) from time to time over the term of the Purchase Agreement. Aspire Capital made an initial purchase of 1,000,000 Purchase Shares (the “Initial Purchase”) at a purchase price of $3.00 per share on the commencement date of the agreement.

After the commencement date, on any business day over the 24-month term of the Purchase Agreement, we have the right, in our sole discretion, to present Aspire Capital with a purchase notice (each, a “Purchase Notice”) directing Aspire Capital to purchase up to 33,333 Purchase Shares per business day, provided that Aspire Capital will not be required to buy Purchase Shares pursuant to a Purchase Notice that was received by Aspire Capital on any business day on which the last closing trade price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market is below $3.00. The Company and Aspire Capital also may mutually agree to increase the number of shares that may be sold to as much as an additional 2,000,000 Purchase Shares per business day. The purchase price per Purchase Share will be $3.00. As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, we issued 320,000 shares of our common stock to Aspire Capital (“Commitment Shares”).

The number of Purchase Shares covered by and timing of each Purchase Notice are determined by us, at our sole discretion. The aggregate number of shares that we can sell to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement may in no case exceed 3,938,213 shares of our common stock (which is equal to approximately 19.9% of the common stock outstanding on the date of the Purchase Agreement), including the 320,000 Commitment Shares and the 1,000,000 Initial Purchase Shares, unless shareholder approval is obtained to issue additional shares.

Our net proceeds will depend on several factors, including the frequency of our sales of Purchase Shares to Aspire Capital and the frequency at which the last closing trade price of our common stock is below $3.00, subject to a maximum of $16.0 million in gross proceeds, including the Initial Purchase. Our delivery of Purchase Notices will be made subject to market conditions, in light of our capital needs from time to time and under the limitations contained in the Purchase Agreement. We currently intend to use the net proceeds from sales of Purchase Shares for general corporate purposes and working capital requirements.Discontinued Operations

As of September 30, 2017,described in Note 1, the Company has sold 1,000,000 shares under this agreement at $3.00 per share, resultingits BioPharma Business and Clinical Business in proceedsJuly 2019. In conjunction with the BioPharma Disposal, the Company repaid its debt to SVB and PFG. At June 30, 2019, we had borrowings of approximately $2,965,000, net$2.8 million on the ABL and the principal balance of offering costs of approximately $35,000.the PFG Term Note was $6.0 million. The Company has also issued 320,000 shareselected to allocate approximately $657,000 and $1,442,000 of interest expense from the Convertible Note and Advance from NovellusDx to discontinued operations during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively. No interest expense was allocated to discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, as consideration for entering intoall debt outstanding during those periods was repaid as part of the Purchase Agreement. The Company has not deferred any offering costsBioPharma Disposal. Revenue and other significant accounting policies associated with thisthe discontinued operations have not changed since the most recently filed audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2018, except for the adoption of ASC 842 as described in Note 1.

agreement.Summarized results of our unaudited condensed consolidated discontinuing operations are as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands):

 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Revenue$4,621
 $5,755
 $9,638
 $11,995
Cost of revenues3,438
 3,978
 7,081
 8,302
Gross profit1,183
 1,777
 2,557
 3,693
Operating expenses:       
Research and development429
 657
 875
 1,323
General and administrative1,937
 3,955
 3,339
 7,295
Sales and marketing585
 955
 1,501
 2,320
Transaction costs402
 
 651
 
Total operating expenses3,353
 5,567
 6,366
 10,938
Loss from discontinuing operations(2,170) (3,790) (3,809) (7,245)
Other expense:       
Interest expense(1,063) (576) (2,173) (812)
Total other expense(1,063) (576) (2,173) (812)
Net loss from discontinuing operations$(3,233) $(4,366) $(5,982) $(8,057)

Unaudited condensed consolidated carrying amounts of major classes of assets and liabilities from discontinued operations were as follows as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (in thousands):


 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Current assets of discontinued operations:   
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $3,487 in 2019; $3,462 in 2018$6,150
 $6,261
Other current assets1,422
 1,652
Fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation3,090
 3,559
Operating lease right-of-use assets2,060
 
Patents and other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization644
 655
Goodwill11,294
 11,294
Current assets of discontinued operations$24,660
 $23,421
    
Current liabilities of discontinued operations   
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$10,154
 $9,967
Operating lease liabilities2,109
 
Obligations under finance leases502
 666
Deferred revenue1,053
 1,337
Line of credit2,847
 2,621
Term note6,000
 6,000
Deferred rent payable and other
 151
Current liabilities of discontinued operations$22,665
 $20,742

Note 4.     Revenue

Revenue from the Company’s Discovery Services comes from preclinical oncology and immuno-oncology services offered to our biotechnology and pharmaceutical customers. The Company is a leader in orthotopic and metastases tumor models and offers whole body imaging, in addition to toxicology testing and bionalytical analysis. Our Discovery Services are designed to support new compounds being studied to guide drug development, starting from compound libraries and ending with a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo data and reports, as needed for Investigational New Drug (IND) filing.

During the six months ended June 30, 2019, three customers accounted for approximately 68% of our consolidated revenue from continuing operations. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, two customers accounted for approximately 37% of our consolidated revenue from continuing operations.

During the three months ended June 30, 2019, one customer accounted for approximately 65% of our consolidated revenue from continuing operations. During the three months ended June 30, 2018, four customers accounted for approximately 69% of our consolidated revenue from continuing operations.

Remaining Performance Obligations:

Services offered under Discovery Services frequently take time to complete under their respective contacts. These times vary depending on specific contract arrangements including the length of the study and how samples are delivered to us for processing. In the case of Discovery Services, the duration of performance obligations is less than one year.

Note 4.5.     Earnings Per Share

For purposes of this calculation, stock warrants, outstanding stock options, convertible debt and unvested restricted shares are considered common stock equivalents using the treasury stock method, and are the only such equivalents outstanding.

Basic net loss and diluted net loss per share data For all periods presented, all common stock equivalents outstanding were computed as follows (in thousands except per share data):

 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Numerator:       
Net (loss) for basic earnings per share$(633) $(3,745) $(12,979) $(13,027)
Change in fair value of warrant liability2,790
 
 
 
Net (loss) for diluted earnings per share$(3,423) $(3,745) $(12,979) $(13,027)
Denominator:       
Weighted-average basic common shares outstanding21,577
 16,519
 20,059
 14,868
Assumed conversion of dilutive securities:       
Common stock purchase warrants782
 
 
 
Potentially dilutive common shares782
 
 
 
Denominator for diluted earnings per share – adjusted weighted-average shares22,359
 16,519
 20,059
 14,868
Basic net (loss) per share$(0.03) $(0.23) $(0.65) $(0.88)
Diluted net (loss) per share$(0.15) $(0.23) $(0.65) $(0.88)
        
The above table includes adjustments to diluted earnings per share in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260. The adjustments were required for the three months ended September 30, 2017 as the derivative warrants were dilutive and the change in fair value of the derivative warrants was a gain.anti-dilutive.

The following table summarizes equivalent units outstanding that were excluded from the earnings per share calculation because their effects were anti-dilutive (in thousands):

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162019 2018 2019 2018
Common stock purchase warrants4,163
 7,145
 6,574
 7,145
8,378
 10,055
 8,378
 10,055
Stock options2,816
 2,128
 2,816
 2,128
1,743
 3,085
 1,743
 3,085
Convertible note4,710
 
 4,710
 
Advance from NovellusDx, Ltd.2,819
 
 2,819
 
Restricted shares of common stock115
 73
 115
 73
19
 57
 19
 57
7,094
 9,346
 9,505
 9,346
17,669
 13,197
 17,669
 13,197

Note 6. Leasing Arrangements

Operating Leases

We lease our laboratory, research facility and administrative office space under various operating leases. We also lease scientific equipment under various finance leases. Following the Business Disposals, we have assigned our office lease in North Carolina, and are in the process of assigning our lease in New Jersey, to Buyer.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets, operating lease liabilities, and operating lease liabilities, non-current on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. Finance leases are included in fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation and obligations under finance leases.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at the commencement date. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our incremental borrowing rate was determined by adjusting our secured borrowing interest rate for the longer-term nature of our leases. Our variable lease payments primarily consist of maintenance and other operating expenses from our real estate leases. Variable lease payments are excluded from the ROU assets and lease liabilities and are recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives incurred. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for minimum lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. We have elected to account for these lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. We are also electing not to apply the recognition requirements to short-term leases of twelve months or less and instead will recognize lease payments as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The components of lease expense were as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 for continuing operations (in thousands):

  Three months ended June 30, 2019 
Six months ended
June 30, 2019
Operating lease cost $44
 $87
Short-term lease cost 29
 54
Variable lease cost 15
 45
  $88
 $186

Supplemental cash flow related to leases of our continuing operations was as follows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 (in thousands):


  Three months ended June 30, 2019 
Six months ended
June 30, 2019
Cash paid amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:    
Operating cash flows from operating leases $55
 $110

Other supplemental information related to leases of our continuing operations was as follows for the six months ended June 30, 2019:

Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)
Operating leases1.49
Weighted average discount rate
Operating leases7.96%

We did not enter into any new operating leases that met scope during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.

At June 30, 2019, future estimated minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases were as follows (in thousands):

2019 (remaining 6 months) $94
2020 209
2021 12
Total minimum lease payments 315
Less amount representing interest 30
Total $285

Note 7. Financing

Convertible Note

On July 17, 2018, the Company entered into the Convertible Note, pursuant to which the Company issued a convertible promissory note to an institutional accredited investor in the initial principal amount of $2,625,000. The Company received consideration of $2,500,000, reflecting an original issue discount of $100,000, a beneficial conversion feature discount of approximately $328,000 and expenses payable by the Company of $25,000. The Convertible Note has an 18 month term, carries interest at 10% per annum and is subordinated in right of payment to the ABL and PFG Term Note. The note is convertible into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $0.80 per share (“Conversion Price”) upon five trading days’ notice, subject to certain adjustments (standard dilution) and ownership limitations specified in the Convertible Note. In May 2019, the conversion price was reduced to $0.2273 for $1,250,000 of the balance of the Convertible Note; the remainder is still convertible at $0.80. The reduction in the conversion price increased the fair value of the embedded conversion option by approximately $547,000. The future cash flows of the Convertible Note changed by more than 10% as a result of the Standstill Agreement, so the Company amortized the remaining debt discount and debt issuance costs of $37,000, resulting in a loss on debt extinguishment of approximately $584,000 during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, of which approximately $328,000 was allocated to discontinuing operations. Loss on debt extinguishment allocated to continuing operations was recorded in interest expense.

The investor can redeem any portion of the Convertible Note upon five trading days’ notice (“Redemption Notice”) subject to a maximum monthly redemption amount of $650,000, with the Company having the option to pay such redemptions in cash, the Company’s common stock at the Conversion Price, or by a combination thereof, subject to certain conditions, including that the stock price is $1.00 per share or higher. The Company may prepay the outstanding balance of the Convertible Note, in part or in full, at a 10% premium to par value if prior to the one year anniversary of the date of issuance and at par if prepaid thereafter. At maturity, the Company may pay the outstanding balance in cash, the Company’s common stock at the Conversion Price, or by a combination thereof, subject to certain conditions. The note provides that in the event of default, the lender may, at its option, elect to increase the outstanding balance applying the default effect (defined as outstanding balance at date of default

multiplied by 15% plus outstanding amount) by providing written notice to the Company. In addition, the interest rate increases to 22% upon default. The Convertible Note is the general unsecured obligation of the Company. At June 30, 2019, the principal balance of the Convertible Note is approximately $3.1 million.

In May 2019, Iliad converted $350,000 of the Convertible Note balance into 1,539,815 shares of our common stock at $0.2273 per share. Between July 24, 2019 and July 31, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,571,429 shares of common stock to Iliad in exchange for the return of $375,000 of principal amount of the Convertible Note to the Company.

As of June 20, 2019, the Company is in default on the Convertible Note. The Convertible Note is accruing interest at the default rate of 22%, and the outstanding balance was increased by 15% (approximately $408,000) upon the notice of default.

Advance from NDX

On September 18, 2018, we entered into the Merger Agreement with NDX. In connection with signing the Merger Agreement, NDX loaned us $1,500,000. Interest accrued on the outstanding balance at 10.75% per annum until we terminated the Merger Agreement on December 15, 2018. As a result of the termination, the Advance from NDX, plus interest thereon, became due and payable on March 15, 2019. The termination was a specified event of default, so on December 15, 2018, the interest rate was increased to 21%. The default also gives NDX the right to convert all, but not less than all, of the outstanding balance into shares of the Company’s common stock at a conversion price of $0.606 per share. At June 30, 2019, the principal balance of the Advance from NDX was $1,500,000.

The Advance from NDX is the general unsecured obligation of the Company and is subordinated in right of payment to the ABL and PFG Term Note, provided that NDX has asserted that its obligation to standstill under its subordination agreements will not be applicable at a time when the Company attains certain levels of unrestricted cash, as a result of the Company having improperly terminated the Merger Agreement. The Company does not believe it improperly terminated the Merger Agreement. The Company and NDX are currently negotiating a possible resolution or settlement of the Advance from NDX.

Note 8. Capital Stock

2019 Offerings

On January 9, 2019, we entered into an underwriting agreement with H.C. Wainwright & Co., LLC (“H.C. Wainwright”), relating to an underwritten public offering of 13,333,334 shares of our common stock for $0.225 per share. We received proceeds from the offering of approximately $2,437,000, net of expenses and discounts of approximately $563,000.

On January 26, 2019, we issued 15,217,392 shares of common stock at a public offering price of $0.23 per share. We received proceeds from the offering of approximately $2,975,000, net of expenses and discounts of approximately $525,000.

Exchanges of Debt into Common Stock

In May 2019, Iliad converted $350,000 of the Convertible Note into an aggregate of 1,539,815 shares of our common stock at a conversion price of $0.2273 per share. Between July 24, 2019 and July 31, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,571,429 shares of common stock to Iliad in exchange for the return of $375,000 of principal amount of the Convertible Note to the Company.

Note 5.9. Sale of Net Operating Losses

On February 22, 2017,April 4, 2019, we sold $18,177,059$11,638,516 of gross State of New Jersey NOL’s relating to the 2014 and 20152017 tax years for approximately $876,000year as well as $167,572$71,968 of state research and development tax credits. The sale resulted in the net receipt by the Company of approximately $970,000.$512,000. This figure includes all costs and expenses associated with the sale of these state tax attributes as deducted from the gross sales price of $1,043,517.approximately $521,000.

Note 6. Term Notes and Line of Credit

On March 22, 2017, we refinanced our debt with Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”), by repaying the outstanding term loan (“SVB Term Note”), which was scheduled to mature in April 2019, and entered into a new two year asset-based revolving line of

credit agreement. The new SVB credit facility provides for an asset-based line of credit (“ABL”) for an amount not to exceed the lesser of (a) $6.0 million or (b) 80% of eligible accounts receivable plus the lesser of 50% of the net collectible value of third party accounts receivable or three (3) times the average monthly collection amount of third party accounts receivable over the previous quarter. The ABL requires monthly interest payments at the Wall Street Journal prime rate plus 1.50% (5.75% at September 30, 2017) and matures on March 22, 2019. We paid to SVB a $30,000 commitment fee at closing and will pay a fee of 0.25% per year on the average unused portion of the ABL. At September 30, 2017, we have borrowed $2.0 million on the ABL.
We concurrently entered into a new three year $6.0 million term loan agreement (“PFG Term Note”) with Partners for Growth IV, L.P. (“PFG”). The PFG Term Note is an interest only loan with the full principal and any outstanding interest due at maturity on March 22, 2020. Interest is payable monthly at a rate of 11.5% per annum, with the possibility of reducing to 11.0% in 2018 based on achieving certain financial milestones set forth by PFG. We may prepay the PFG Term Note in whole or part at any time without penalty. We paid PFG a commitment fee of $120,000 at closing.

Both loan agreements require us to comply with certain financial covenants, including minimum adjusted EBITDA, revenue and liquidity covenants, and restrict us from, among other things, paying cash dividends, incurring debt and entering into certain transactions without the prior consent of the lenders. Repayment of amounts borrowed under the new loan agreements may be accelerated if an event of default occurs, which includes, among other things, a violation of such financial covenants and negative covenants.

Our obligations to SVB under the ABL facility are secured by a first priority security interest on substantially all of our assets, and our obligations under the PFG Term Note are secured by a second priority security interest subordinated to the SVB lien.

In connection with the PFG Term Note, we issued seven year warrants to the lenders to purchase an aggregate of 443,262 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $2.82 per share. The number of warrants may be reduced by 20% subject to us achieving certain financial milestones set forth by PFG.

The following is a summary of long-term debt (in thousands):
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
SVB Term Note, repaid in 2017$
 $4,667
PFG Term Note, net of discount of $8655,135
 
Less unamortized debt issuance costs199
 13
Term notes, net4,936
 4,654
Less current maturities
 2,000
Long-term portion$4,936
 $2,654
    
At September 30, 2017, the principal amount of the PFG Term Note of $6,000,000 is due in 2020.

Note 7.10. Stock-Based Compensation

We have two equity incentive plans: the 2008 Stock Option Plan (the “2008 Plan”) and the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”, and together with the 2008 Plan, the “Stock Option Plans”). The Stock Option Plans are meant to provide additional incentive to officers, employees and consultants to remain in our employment. Options granted are generally exercisable for up to 10 years. Effective April 9, 2018, the Company cannot issue additional options from the 2008 Plan.


At SeptemberJune 30, 2017, 391,3172019, 1,174,875 shares remain available for future awards under the 2011 PlanPlan. On July 23, 2019, the Company issued 100,000 stock options to each of its five non-employee directors. The options will vest in equal monthly installments over the next twelve months and 134,354 shares remain available for future awards under the 2008 Plan.have an exercise price of $0.15 per share.

A summary of employee and non-employee stock option activity for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 is as follows:

 Options Outstanding 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Shares
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Outstanding January 1, 20172,198
 $9.09
 7.04 $
Granted860
 2.87
    
Exercised(3) 2.23
    
Cancelled or expired(239) 10.80
    
Outstanding September 30, 20172,816
 $7.05
 7.19 $367
Exercisable September 30, 20171,533
 $9.54
 5.69 $76
 Options Outstanding 
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (in years)
 
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
(in thousands)
 
Number of
Shares
(in thousands)
 
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Outstanding January 1, 20193,004
 $5.77
 5.70 $
Granted95
 0.44
    
Cancelled or expired(1,356) 5.55
    
Outstanding June 30, 20191,743
 $5.66
 6.91 $
Exercisable June 30, 20191,149
 $7.92
 5.93 $

Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the fair value of our common stock and the exercise price of outstanding, in-the-money options. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company received approximately $2,500 and $6,500, respectively, from the exercise of options.

As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted to employees was $2,865,963$423,948 which we expect to recognize over the next 2.322.89 years.

As of September 30, 2017, total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted to non-employees was $12,625 which we expect to recognize over the next 0.25 years. The estimate of unrecognized non-employee compensation is based on the fair value of the non-vested options as of September 30, 2017.

The fair value of options granted to employees is estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option valuation model. This valuation model requires us to make assumptions and judgments about the variables used in the calculation, including the expected term (the period of time that the options granted are expected to be outstanding), the volatility of our common stock, a risk-free interest rate, and expected dividends. To the extent actual forfeitures differ from the estimates, the differenceForfeitures will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period estimates are revised.when they occur. No compensation cost is recorded for options that do not vest. We use the simplified calculation of expected life described in the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107, Share-Based Payment, and volatility is based on the historical volatility of our common stock. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for periods corresponding with the expected life of the option. We use an expected dividend yield of zero, as we do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Forfeitures will be recorded when they occur.

The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options granted to employees during the periods presented:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Volatility75.28% 74.30% 74.60% 74.30%
Risk free interest rate1.92% 1.17% 1.97% 1.17%
Dividend yield0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Term (years)5.73
 5.92
 5.90
 5.92
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period1.91
 1.30
 1.89
 1.30

In May 2014, we issued 200,000 options to our Director, Raju Chaganti, with an exercise price of $15.89. See Note 12 for additional information. The following table presents the weighted-average assumptions used to estimate the fair value of options reaching their measurement date for non-employees during the periods presented:

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2019 2018
Volatility74.39% 72.97% 76.06% 74.50%77.81% 90.15% 77.81%
Risk free interest rate2.17% 1.46% 2.19% 1.43%2.89% 2.54% 2.89%
Dividend yield0.00% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%0.00% 0.00% 0.00%
Term (years)6.64
 7.64
 6.89
 7.89
6.49
 6.32
 6.49
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the period$0.63
 $0.34
 $0.63

Restricted stock awards have been granted to employees, directors and consultants as compensation for services. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, there was $383,829$13,817 of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock granted to employees and directors; we expect to recognize the cost over 1.500.25 years.

The following table summarizes the activities for our non-vested restricted stock awards for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017:2019:

 Non-vested Restricted Stock Awards
 Number of
Shares
(in thousands)
 Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 201780
 $6.30
Granted65
 3.29
Vested(30) 8.30
Non-vested at September 30, 2017115
 $4.09
 Non-vested Restricted Stock Awards
 Number of
Shares
(in thousands)
 Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 201929
 $3.43
Vested(9) 4.15
Cancelled(1) 6.30
Non-vested at June 30, 201919
 $2.94

The TSA with Buyer described in Note 1 requires the Company to continue to employ individuals who will transfer to Buyer no later than six months from the closing of the transaction. Buyer will reimburse the Company for the payroll and benefit costs of these employees, but not the stock-based compensation. Therefore, stock-based compensation is considered part of the Company’s continuing operations. The following table presents the effects of stock-based compensation related to stock option and restricted stock awards to employees and non-employees on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Loss during the periods presented (in thousands):
Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2017 2016 2017 20162019 2018 2019 2018
Cost of revenues$122
 $83
 $250
 $219
$28
 $90
 $56
 $181
Research and development11
 45
 110
 140
7
 16
 15
 31
General and administrative356
 356
 949
 1,095
62
 140
 178
 298
Sales and marketing30
 30
 86
 84
5
 22
 11
 32
Total stock-based compensation$519
 $514
 $1,395
 $1,538
$102
 $268
 $260
 $542

Note 8.11. Warrants

On March 22, 2017,January 14, 2019, we issued seven year933,334 warrants to PFG and certain of its affiliates to purchase an aggregate of 443,262 shares of our common stock at an exercise price$0.2475 per share. The warrants are immediately exercisable and expire on January 9, 2024. On January 31, 2019 we issued 1,065,217 warrants to purchase common stock at $0.253 per share. These warrants are immediately exercisable and expire on January 26, 2024. All of $2.82 per share,these warrants were issued in conjunction with our debt refinancing described in Note 5. The number of warrants may be reduced by 20% subject to us achieving certain financial milestones set forth by PFG. The warrants can be net settled in common stock using the average 90-trading day price of our common stock. These warrants are defined in the table below as 2017 Debt derivative warrants.2019 Offerings.

During the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, the Company received approximately $56,000 and $1,827,000, respectively, from shareholders who exercised2019, 3,675,000 warrants to purchase 25,000 and 811,900 shares of common stock, respectively, at $2.25. In addition, on March 28, 2017, warrant holders exercised warrants to purchase 90,063 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $2.25 per share using the net issuance exercise method whereby 45,162 shares were surrenderedissued as payment in fullpart of the exercise price resulting in a net issuance of 44,901 shares.2017 Offering expired unexercised.

The following table summarizes the warrant activity for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 (in thousands, except exercise price): 

Issued With / ForExercise
Price
 Warrants
Outstanding
January 1,
2017
 2017 Warrants Issued 2017 Warrants Exercised Warrants Outstanding September 30, 2017Exercise
Price
 Warrants
Outstanding
January 1,
2019
 2019 Warrants Issued 2019 Warrants Expired Warrants Outstanding June 30, 2019
Non-Derivative Warrants:                  
Financing$10.00
  243
 
 
 243
$10.00
  243
 
 
 243
Financing15.00
  361
 
 
 361
15.00
  276
 
 
 276
Debt guarantee15.00
  109
 
 
 109
2015 Offering5.00
  3,450
 
 
 3,450
5.00
  3,450
 
 
 3,450
2017 Debt0.92

443
 
 
 443
2019 Offering0.2475
 
 933
 
 933
2019 Offering0.253
 
 1,065
 
 1,065
Total non-derivative warrants6.42
C4,163
 
 
 4,163
3.86
B4,412
 1,998
 
 6,410
Derivative Warrants:                  
2016 Offerings2.25
A2,870
 
 (902) 1,968
2.25
A1,968
 
 
 1,968
2017 Debt2.82
B
 443
 
 443
2017 Offering2.35
A3,500
 
 (3,500) 
2017 Offering2.50
A175
 
 (175) 
Total derivative warrants2.35
C2,870
 443
 (902) 2,411
2.25
B5,643
 
 (3,675) 1,968
Total$4.93
C7,033
 443
 (902) 6,574
$3.48
B10,055
 1,998
 (3,675) 8,378

AThese warrants are subject to fair value accounting and contain a contingent net cash settlement feature. See Note 12.
BThese warrants are subject to fair value accounting and contain a net settlement provision that uses the 90-trading day price of our common stock. These warrants are subject to a 20% reduction if certain financial milestones are met.
CWeighted-average exercise prices are as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019.

Note 9.12. Fair Value of Warrants

The following table summarizes the derivative warrant activity subject to fair value accounting for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 (in thousands):
Issued with/forFair value of
warrants
outstanding as of
December 31, 2016
 Fair value
of warrants
issued
 Fair value
of warrants exercised
 Change in
fair value
of warrants
 Fair value of
warrants
outstanding as of
September 30, 2017
Fair value of warrants
outstanding as of
December 31, 2018
 Change in fair
value of warrants
 Fair value of warrants
outstanding as of
June 30, 2019
2016 Offerings$2,018
 $
 $(2,782) $4,107
 $3,343
$225
 $(176) $49
2017 Debt
 1,004
 
 (180) 824
2017 Offering23
 (23) 
$2,018
 $1,004
 $(2,782) $3,927
 $4,167
$248
 $(199) $49

The derivative warrants issued as part of the 2016 Offerings are valued using a probability-weighted Binomial model, while the derivative warrants issued as part ofin conjunction with the 2017 Debt refinancing areOffering were valued using a Monte CarloBlack-Scholes model. The following tables summarize the assumptions used in computing the fair value of derivative warrants subject to fair value accounting at the date of issue or exercise during the three and nine months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, and at September 30, 20172019 and December 31, 2016.2018.

Issued During the Exercised During the    
2016 OfferingsThree Months Ended September 30, 2016Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Three Months Ended September 30, 2017Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 As of September 30, 2017 As of December 31, 2016As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Exercise price$2.25
$2.25
 $2.25
$2.25
 $2.25
 $2.25
$2.25
 $2.25
Expected life (years)5.50
5.50
 4.30
4.78
 4.33
 5.06
2.58
 3.08
Expected volatility73.28%74.36% 74.20%76.24% 75.07% 72.82%114.13% 100.51%
Risk-free interest rate1.21%1.30% 1.81%1.94% 1.92% 1.93%1.73% 2.46%
Expected dividend yield%% %% % %% %


2017 DebtIssued During the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 As of September 30, 2017
2017 OfferingAs of December 31, 2018
Exercise price$2.82
 $2.82
$2.36
Expected life (years)7.00
 6.48
0.44
Expected volatility74.61% 74.07%172.5%
Risk-free interest rate2.22% 2.16%2.56%
Expected dividend yield% %%

Note 10.13. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the FASB ASC requires the use of valuation techniques that are consistent with the market approach, the income approach and/or the cost approach. Inputs to valuation techniques refer to the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Inputs may be observable, meaning those that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, or unobservable, meaning those that reflect our own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances. In that regard, the Topic establishes a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs that give the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that we have the ability to access as of the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect our own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The following table summarizes the financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis segregated by the level of valuation inputs within the fair value hierarchy utilized to measure fair value (in thousands):
September 30, 2017June 30, 2019
Total Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Warrant liability$4,167
 $
 $
 $4,167
$49
 $
 $
 $49
Note payable228
 
 
 228
13
 
 
 13
$4,395
 $
 $
 $4,395
$62
 $
 $
 $62
              
December 31, 2016December 31, 2018
Total Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Total Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
Warrant liability$2,018
 $
 $
 $2,018
$248
 $
 $
 $248
Note payable114
 
 
 114
20
 
 
 20
Other derivatives86
 $
 $
 86
$2,132
 $
 $
 $2,132
$354
 $
 $
 $354
       

At June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, the Company had a liability payable to VenturEast from a prior acquisition. The ultimate payment to VenturEast will be the fair value of 84,278 shares of our common stock at the time of payment. The value of the note payable to VenturEast was determined using the fair value of our common stock. During the

three months ended

September June 30, 20172019 and 2016,2018, we recognized a gaingains of approximately $105,000$7,000 and $18,000,$64,000, respectively, due to the change in value of the note. During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016,2018, we recognized a lossrecorded gains of approximately $114,000$7,000 and a gain of approximately $119,000,$81,000, respectively, due to the change in value of the note.

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, the warrant liability consists of stock warrants issued as part of the 2016 Offerings that contain contingent redemption features and warrants issued as part of the debt refinancing outlined in Note 6.net settlement features. In accordance with derivative accounting for warrants, we calculated the fair value of these warrants and the assumptions used are described in Note 9,12, “Fair Value of Warrants.” During the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 2016,2018, we recognized gains of approximately $2,790,000$206,000 and $712,000,$2,154,000, respectively, on the derivative warrants due to the decrease in our stock price. During the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019 and 2018, we recognized a lossgains of approximately $3,927,000$199,000 and $2,846,000 on the derivative warrants primarily due to changes in our stock price. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we recorded a gain of approximately $712,000 on the derivative warrants due to changes in our stock price. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, we also recorded a gain of approximately $17,000 due to the expiration of derivative warrants outstanding at December 31, 2015.

Realized and unrealized gains and losses related to the change in fair value of the VenturEast note, and warrant liability and other derivatives are included in other income (expense) on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.Operations and Other Comprehensive Loss.

The following table summarizes the activity of the note payable to VenturEast and of our derivative warrants and other derivatives, which waswere measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs (in thousands):
 Note Payable Warrant
 to VenturEast Liability
Fair value at December 31, 2016$114
 $2,018
Fair value of warrants issued
 1,004
Fair value of warrants exercised
 (2,782)
Change in fair value114
 3,927
Fair value at September 30, 2017$228
 $4,167
 Note Payable Warrant Other
 to VenturEast Liability Derivatives
Fair value at December 31, 2018$20
 $248
 $86
Change in fair value(7) (199) (86)
Fair value at June 30, 2019$13
 $49
 $

Note 11.14. Joint Venture Agreement

In November 2011, we entered into an affiliation agreement with the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (“Mayo”), subsequently amended. Under the agreement, we formed a joint venture with Mayo in May 2013 to focus on developing oncology diagnostic services and tests utilizing next generation sequencing. The joint venture is a limited liability company, with each party initially holding fifty percent of the issued and outstanding membership interests of the new entity (the “JV”).

The agreement requires aggregate capital contributions by us of up to $6.0 million, of which $2.0 million has been paid to date. The timing of the remaining installments is subject to the JV'sJV’s achievement of certain operational milestones agreed upon by the board of governors of the JV. In exchange for its membership interest, Mayo’s capital contribution takes the form of cash, staff, services, hardware and software resources, laboratory space and instrumentation, the fair market value of which will be approximately equal to $6.0 million. Mayo’s continued contribution will also be conditioned upon the JV’s achievement of certain milestones. We are in the process of winding down the JV and do not expect to incur further liabilities in connection with the JV.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, there was no activity in the JV. Our share of the JV’s net loss was approximately $2,000$1,000 and $18,000$3,000 for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and 2016, and approximately $21,000 and $45,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016,2018, respectively, and is included in research and development expense on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.Operations and Other Comprehensive Loss. We have a net receivable due from the JV of approximately $10,000 at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, which is included in other assets in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The joint venture is considered a variable interest entity under ASC 810-10, but we are not the primary beneficiary as we do not have the power to direct the activities of the JV that most significantly impact its performance. Our evaluation of ability to impact performance is based on our equal board membership and voting rights and day-to-day management functions which are performed by the Mayo personnel.

Note 12.15. Related Party Transactions


We havehad a consulting agreement with Equity Dynamics, Inc. (“EDI”), an entity controlled by the former Chairman of our Board of Directors, John Pappajohn, effective April 1, 2014 through August 31, 2018, pursuant to which EDI receivesreceived a monthly fee of $10,000. Total expenses for each of the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172018 were $30,000 and 2016 were $30,000. Total expenses for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were $90,000.$60,000, respectively. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we owed EDI $20,000.accrued liabilities of $70,000 for unpaid fees due to EDI.

In 2010, we entered into
As described in Note 1, the Company closed two public offerings in January 2019, in which various executives and directors purchased shares at the public offering price. On January 14, 2019, John Pappajohn, John Roberts, our President and Chief Executive Officer, and Geoffrey Harris, a three-year consulting agreement with Dr. Chaganti, which was subsequently renewed through December 31, 2016 pursuant to which Dr. Chaganti received $5,000 per month for providing consultingDirector, purchased 1,000,000 shares, 100,000 shares and technical support services. Pursuant to100,000 shares, respectively, at the terms of the renewed consulting agreement, Dr. Chaganti received an option to purchase 200,000 shares of our common stock at a purchasepublic offering price of $15.89$0.225 per share vestingshare. On January 31, 2019, John Pappajohn, John Roberts, Edmund Cannon, a Director, and M. Glenn Miles, our Chief Financial Officer, purchased 1,000,000 shares, 185,436 shares, 43,479 shares and 150,000 shares, respectively, at the public offering price of $0.23 per share.

On July 23, 2019, the Company issued 100,000 stock options to each of its five non-employee directors. The options will vest in equal monthly installments over a periodthe next twelve months and have an exercise price of four years. Total non-cash stock-based compensation recognized under the consulting agreement for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $12,625 and $7,125, respectively. Total non-cash stock-based compensation recognized under the consulting agreement for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 was $62,125 and $32,750, respectively. Also pursuant to the consulting agreement, Dr. Chaganti assigned to us all$0.15 per share. The directors have waived their rights to any inventions which he may invent during the courseclaim for past due director compensation as a condition of rendering consulting services to us. In exchange for this assignment, if the USPTO issues a patent for an invention on which Dr. Chaganti is listed as an inventor, we are required to pay Dr. Chaganti (i) a one-time payment of $50,000 and (ii) 1% of any net revenues we receive from any licensed sales of the invention. In the first quarter of 2016, we paid Dr. Chaganti $50,000 which was recognized as an expense in fiscal 2015 when one patent was issued.these option grants.

Note 13.16. Contingencies

In the normal courseOn April 5, 2018 and April 12, 2018, purported stockholders of business, the Company may become involvedfiled nearly identical putative class action lawsuits in various claimsthe U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, against the Company, Panna L. Sharma, John A. Roberts, and legal proceedings. Igor Gitelman, captioned Ben Phetteplace v. Cancer Genetics, Inc. et al., No. 2:18-cv-05612 and Ruo Fen Zhang v. Cancer Genetics, Inc. et al., No. 2:18-06353, respectively. The complaints alleged violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and SEC Rule 10b-5 based on allegedly false and misleading statements and omissions regarding our business, operational, and financial results. The lawsuits sought, among other things, unspecified compensatory damages in connection with purchases of our stock between March 23, 2017 and April 2, 2018, as well as interest, attorneys’ fees, and costs. On August 28, 2018, the Court consolidated the two actions in one action captioned In re Cancer Genetics, Inc. Securities Litigation (the “Securities Litigation”) and appointed shareholder Randy Clark as the opinionlead plaintiff. On October 30, 2018, the lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint, adding Edward Sitar as a defendant and seeking, among other things, compensatory damages in connection with purchases of management,CGI stock between March 10, 2016 and April 2, 2018. On December 31, 2018, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint for failure to state a claim. On March 1, 2019, lead plaintiff filed its opposition to the motion to dismiss. On April 15, 2019, defendants filed their reply in further support of their motion to dismiss. Defendants' motion remains pending before the Court. The Company is unable to predict the ultimate liabilityoutcome of the Securities Litigation and therefore cannot estimate possible losses or disposition thereofranges of losses, if any.

In addition, on June 1, 2018, September 20, 2018, and September 25, 2018, purported stockholders of the Company filed nearly identical derivative lawsuits on behalf of the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company (as a nominal defendant) and current and former members of the Company’s Board of Directors and current and former officers of the Company. The three cases are captioned: Bell v. Sharma et al., No. 2:18-cv-10009-CCC-MF, McNeece v. Pappajohn et al., No. 2:18-cv-14093, and Workman v. Pappajohn, et al., No. 2:18-cv-14259 (the “Derivative Litigation”). The complaints allege claims for breach of fiduciary duty, violations of Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (premised upon alleged omissions in the Company’s 2017 proxy statement), and unjust enrichment, and allege that the individual defendants failed to implement and maintain adequate controls, which resulted in ineffective disclosure controls and procedures, and conspired to conceal this alleged failure. The lawsuits seek, among other things, damages and/or restitution to the Company, appropriate equitable relief to remedy the alleged breaches of fiduciary duty, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On November 9, 2018, the Court in the Bell v. Sharma action entered a stipulation filed by the parties staying the Bell action until the Securities Litigation is not expecteddismissed, with prejudice, and all appeals have been exhausted; or the defendants’ motion to havedismiss in the Securities Litigation is denied in whole or in part; or either of the parties in the Bell action gives 30 days’ notice that they no longer consent to the stay. On December 10, 2018, the parties in the McNeece action filed a material adverse effect on our financial condition, resultsstipulation that is substantially identical to the Bell stipulation. On February 1, 2019, the Court in the Workman action granted a stipulation that is substantially identical to the Bell stipulation. The Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of operations,the Derivative Litigation and therefore cannot estimate possible losses or liquidity.ranges of losses, if any.

Note 17. Subsequent Events

Business Disposals

In July 2019, we sold our BioPharma Business and our Clinical Business as described in Note 1.

Assignment of Leases

In connection with the BioPharma Disposal in July 2019, we assigned the lease to our North Carolina location to Buyer, and we are currently in the process of assigning the lease to our New Jersey location to Buyer. Such leases were assumed by Buyer as part of the BioPharma Disposal, effective July 15, 2019.


Issuance of Stock Options

On July 23, 2019, the Company issued 100,000 stock options to each of its five non-employee directors. The options will vest in equal monthly installments over the next twelve months and have an exercise price of $0.15 per share. The directors have waived their rights to any claim for past due director compensation as a condition of these option grants.

Exchanges of Debt into Common Stock

Between July 24, 2019 and July 31, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,571,429 shares of common stock to Iliad in exchange for the return of an aggregate of $375,000 of principal amount of the Convertible Note to the Company.

Item 2.        Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

As used herein, the “Company,” “CGI,” “we,” “us,” “our” or similar terms, refer to Cancer Genetics, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries:subsidiaries at June 30, 2019: Cancer Genetics Italia, S.r.l., Gentris, LLC, and BioServe Biotechnologies (India) Private Limited,vivoPharm Pty, Ltd, except as expressly indicated or unless the context otherwise requires. The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help facilitate an understanding of our financial condition and our historical results of operations for the periods presented. This MD&A should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 23, 2017.April 16, 2019. This MD&A may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” below.

Overview

We areCancer Genetics, Inc. supports the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industry to develop innovative new drug therapies. Until the closing of the Business Disposals (as defined below) in July 2019, we were an emerging leader in the field ofenabling precision medicine enablingin oncology by providing multi-disciplinary diagnostic and data solutions, facilitating individualized therapies in the field of oncology through our diagnostic products andtests, services and molecular markers. We develop, commercializeFollowing the Business Disposals described below, we currently have an extensive set of anti-tumor referenced data based on predictive xenograft and syngeneic tumor models from the acquisition of vivoPharm, Pty Ltd. (“vivoPharm”) in 2017, to provide molecular-Discovery Services such as contract research services, focused primarily on unique specialized studies to guide drug discovery and biomarker-based tests and services that enable physicians to personalize the clinical management of each individual patient by providing genomic information to better diagnose, monitor and inform cancer treatment and that enable biotech and pharmaceutical companies engaged in oncology trials to better select candidate populations and reduce adverse drug reactions by providing information regarding genomic factors influencing subject responses to therapeutics. We have a comprehensive, disease-focused oncology testing portfolio. Our tests and techniques target a wide range of cancers, covering nine of the top ten cancers in prevalencedevelopment programs in the United States, with additional unique capabilities offered by our FDA-cleared Tissue of Origin® test for identifying difficult to diagnose tumor types or poorly differentiated metastatic disease.oncology and immuno-oncology fields.

Our vision is to becomeFor the oncology diagnostics partner for biopharmaceuticalperiod ended June 30, 2019, we were executing a strategy of partnering with pharmaceutical and biotech companies and clinicians as oncology diagnostic specialists by participating in the entire care continuum from bench to bedside. We believe the diagnostics industry is undergoing a rapid evolution in its approach to oncology testing, embracing precision medicinesupporting therapeutic discovery, development and individualized testing as a means to drive higher standards of patient treatment and disease management. Similarly, biopharmaceutical companies are increasingly engaging companies such as ours to provide information on clinical trial participants' molecular profiles in order to identify biomarker and genomic variations that may be responsible for differing responses to pharmaceuticals, and particularly to oncology drugs, thereby increasing the efficiency of trials while lowering related costs. We believe tailored therapeutics can revolutionize oncology medicine through molecular- and biomarker-based testing services, enabling physicians and researchers to target the factors that make each patient and disease unique.

Our services are performed at our state-of-the-art laboratories located in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, California, Shanghai (China), Victoria (Australia), and Hyderabad (India). Our laboratories comply with the highest regulatory standards

as appropriate for the services they deliver including CLIA, CAP, NY State, California State and NABL (India). Our services are built on a foundation of world-class scientific knowledge and intellectual property in solid and blood-borne cancers, as well as strong academic relationships with major cancer centers such as Memorial Sloan-Kettering, Mayo Clinic, and the National Cancer Institute.care.

Our clinical offerings includeincluded our portfolio of proprietary tests targeting hematological, urogenital and HPV-associated cancers, in conjunction with ancillary non-proprietary tests. Our proprietary tests target cancers that are difficult to prognose and predict treatment outcomes through currently available mainstream techniques. We provideprovided our proprietary tests and services, along with a comprehensive range of non-proprietary oncology-focused tests and laboratory services, to oncologists and pathologists at hospitals, cancer centers, and physician offices, as well as biotech and pharmaceutical companies to support their clinical trials. Our proprietary tests are based principally on our expertise in specific cancer types, test development methodologies and proprietary algorithms correlating genetic events with disease specific information. Our portfolio primarily includesincluded comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) microarrays and next generation sequencing (NGS) panels, gene expression tests, and DNA fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probes.

The non-proprietary testing services we offer areoffered were focused in part on specific oncology categories where we arewere developing our proprietary tests. We believe that there is significant synergy

Net cash used in developingoperating activities for continuing operations was $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and marketing a complete setthe Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of tests and services that are disease focused and delivering those tests and services in a comprehensive manner to help with treatment decisions.$0.7 million at June 30, 2019, an increase from $0.2 million at December 31, 2018. The Company has negative working capital from continuing operations at June 30, 2019 of $7.3 million.

The insight thatCompany currently requires a significant amount of additional capital to fund operations and pay its unsecured debt and accounts payable, and its ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to collect its outstanding accounts and notes receivable, receive the Earn-Out payments from siParadigm and negotiate discounts in good faith with its trade suppliers. In July 2019, we develop in deliveringsold our BioPharma Business and Clinical Business as described below. While the non-proprietary services are often leveragedBuyer assumed certain of our liabilities in the developmentBioPharma Disposal, the cash received to date from the Business Disposals is insufficient to satisfy all of our proprietary programsthe Company’s liabilities and now increasingly inother obligations, and the validation of our proprietary programs, such as MatBA and Focus::NGS.Company cannot determine at this time if future Earn-Out

payments and payoff of the Excess Consideration Note, combined with settlements of claims against the Company will enable all creditors to be paid in full and provide sufficient funds for future operations. We expectare continuing to continueevaluate additional strategic options, which could include the sale of other assets, a merger, reverse merger or other strategic transaction. We can provide no assurances that our current actions will be successful or that additional sources of cash or financing will be available to incur significant losses forus on favorable terms, if at all. If the near future. We incurred losses of $15.8 millionCompany is not able to collect its accounts and $20.2 million for fiscal years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $13.0 million fornotes receivable or raise additional capital on a timely basis or on favorable terms, the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Company may need to scale back further or, in extreme cases, discontinue its operations or liquidate its assets.

As of September 30, 2017, we had an accumulated deficit of $126.9 million. Business Disposals - Discontinued Operations

AcquisitionsInterpace Diagnostics Group, Inc.

On AugustJuly 15, 2017, we purchased all2019, the Company entered into a secured creditor asset purchase agreement (the “BioPharma Agreement”) by and among the Company, Gentris, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the outstanding stockCompany, Partners for Growth IV, L.P. (“PFG”), Interpace Diagnostics Group, Inc. (“IDXG”) and a newly-formed subsidiary of vivoPharm, with its principal placeIDXG, Interpace BioPharma, Inc. (“Buyer”). The BioPharma Agreement provides for a consensual private foreclosure sale by PFG of business in Victoria, Australia, in a transaction valued at approximately $1.2 million in cash, $9.5 millionall assets relating to the Company’s BioPharma Business (as defined in the Company'sBioPharma Agreement) to Buyer (the “BioPharma Disposal”). The BioPharma Disposal was consummated on July 15, 2019.
Pursuant to the BioPharma Agreement, Buyer purchased from PFG certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the Company relating to the BioPharma Business, providing as gross consideration $23,500,000, less certain closing adjustments totaling $1,978,240, of which $7,692,300 was paid in the form of a promissory note issued by Buyer to the Company (the “Excess Consideration Note”) and the remainder was paid to PFG in cash. PFG utilized the cash proceeds to satisfy the outstanding balances of the Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) asset-based revolving line of credit (“ABL”) and the $6.0 million term note to PFG (“PFG Term Note”), and to satisfy certain transaction expenses. The balance of approximately $2,260,000 was delivered to the Company along with the Excess Consideration Note. The Excess Consideration Note will mature on the earlier of the date of (i) the consummation of an investment by Ampersand Capital Partners or any of its affiliates into IDXG or Buyer, following IDXG receiving the approval of its shareholders of the issuance of shares of its common stock based on the closing pricein connection therewith and (ii) July 15, 2022, and will be paid interest-only quarterly prior to maturity at a rate of the stock on August 15, 2017, plus an estimated accrued settlement of $345,000 for excess working capital. The Company has deposited in escrow 20% of the stock consideration until the expiration of twelve months from the closing date to serve as the initial source for any indemnification claims and adjustments.6% per year.

vivoPharm isThe Company and Buyer also entered into a contract research organization (“CRO”transition services agreement (the “TSA”) that specializes in planningpursuant to which the Company and conducting unique, specialized studiesBuyer will provide certain services to guide drug discovery and development programs with a concentration in oncology and immuno-oncology. These studies range from early compound selectioneach other to developing comprehensive setsaccommodate the transition of in vitro and in vivo data, as needed for FDA Investigational New Drug (“IND”) applications. vivoPharm has developed industry recognized capabilities in early phase development and discovery, especially in immuno-oncology models, tumor micro-environment studies, specialized pharmacologythe BioPharma Business to Buyer. In particular, the Company agreed to provide to Buyer, among other things, certain personnel services, payroll processing, administration services and PDx (patient derived xenograft) model studiesbenefit administration services described in an exhibit thereto, for a period not to exceed six months from July 15, 2019, subject to the terms and conditions of the TSA, in exchange for payment or reimbursement, as applicable, by Buyer for the costs related thereto, including salaries and benefits for certain of the Company’s BioPharma employees during the transition period. In addition, it is anticipated that support basic discovery, preclinicalJohn A. Roberts, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and phase 1 clinical trials.Glenn Miles, the Company’s Chief Financial Officer, may enter into part-time consulting arrangements with Buyer and/or IDXG to assist with the transition.

vivoPharm maintains three international locations, enabling the company to access global market opportunities. The headquarters in Victoria, Australia, specializes in safety and toxicology studies, including mammalian, genetic and in vitro, along with bioanalytical services including immune-analytical capabilities. vivoPharm’s U.S. based lab, located at the Hershey Center for Applied Research in Hershey, Pennsylvania, primarily focuses on screening and efficacy testing for a wide range of pharmaceutical and chemical products. The third location, in Munich, Germany, hosts project management and marketing personnel. Further, vivoPharm brings to CGI an additional 38 employees, 16 of which are located in the U.S. and 17 in Australia, with expertise in early stage discovery services and pre-clinical testing.siParadigm, Inc.

vivoPharm’s studiesOn July 5, 2019, the Company entered into an asset purchase agreement (the “Clinical Agreement”) by and among the Company and siParadigm, LLC (“siParadigm”), pursuant to which the Company sold to siParadigm, certain assets associated with the Company’s clinical laboratory business (the “Clinical Business,” and such assets, the “Designated Assets”), and agreed to cease operating its Clinical Business. The Designated Assets include intellectual property, equipment and customer lists associated with the Clinical Business, and the Company will provide certain transitional services to siParadigm pursuant to the Clinical Agreement. The cash consideration paid by siParadigm at closing was approximately $758,000, which includes approximately $45,000 for certain equipment plus a $1,000,000 advance payment of the Earn-Out (as defined below), less approximately $177,000 of supplier invoices paid directly by siParadigm and transaction costs of approximately $110,000. The Earn-Out, to be paid over the 24 months post-closing, is based on fees for all tests performed by siParadigm for the Company’s clinical customers during the 12-month period following the closing (the “Earn-Out”). The Clinical Business sale (together with the BioPharma Disposal, the “Business Disposals”) was completed on July 8, 2019.

The Business Disposals have been utilized to support over 200 IND submissions to date across a rangeclassified as discontinued operations in conformity with GAAP. Accordingly, BioPharma and Clinical operations and balances have been reported as discontinued operations and removed from all financial disclosures of therapeutic indications, including lymphomas, leukemia, GI-cancers, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and other non-cancer rare diseases. vivoPharm is presently serving over forty biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies across five continents in over 55 studies and trials with highly specialized development, clinical and preclinical research. Over the past 10 years, vivoPharm has also generated an extensive library of human xenograft and syngeneic tumor models, including subcutaneous, orthotopic and metastatic models.continuing operations.

2019 Offerings

vivoPharm’s specialized tumor In January 2019, we closed two public offerings and disease models, toxicologyissued an aggregate of28,550,726 shares of common stock for approximately $5.4 million, net of expenses and pharmacology services and animal imaging capabilities provide CGI opportunitiesdiscounts of approximately $1.1 million. The Company also issued 1,998,551 warrants to deepen its relationshipsunderwriters in conjunction with existing biopharma customers through additional discovery and downstream molecular work, while also furthering CGI’s previously announced initiative aimed at early-phase drug repurposing and drug rescue programs.these offerings.

Key Factors Affecting our Results of Operations and Financial Condition

Our overall long-term growth plan is predicated on our ability to develop and commercialize our proprietary tests, penetrateor acquire technology solutions to accelerate the penetration into the Biopharma community to achieve more revenue supporting clinical trials and develop and penetratecommercialize unique or proprietary services and tests to achieve sustainable organic growth in the Indian market.drug discovery field. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, vivoPharm, provides proprietary tests include CGH microarrays, NGS panels,preclinical oncology and DNA FISH probes. We continueimmuno-oncology services, offering integrated services in different disease areas to develop additional proprietary tests. To facilitate market adoptionthe biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. vivoPharm is a leader in orthotopic and metastases tumor models. The Company provides all services including toxicology testing and bionalytical analysis to GLP. vivoPharm specializes in conducting studies tailored to guide drug development, starting from compound libraries and ending with a comprehensive set of our proprietary tests, we anticipate having to successfully complete additional studies with clinical samplesin vitro and publish our results in peer-reviewed scientific journals. vivo data and reports, as needed for Investigational New Drug (IND) filing.

Our ability to complete such studies is dependent upon our ability to leverage our collaborative relationships with pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies and leading institutions to facilitate our research and obtain data for our quality assurance and test validation efforts.

We believe that the factors discussed in the following paragraphs have had and are expected to continue to have a material impact on our results of operations and financial condition.

Revenues from Continuing Operations

Our revenue is primarily generated throughRevenue from our Clinical Services and Biopharma Services. Clinical Services can be billed to Medicare, another third party insurer or the referring community hospital or other healthcare facility or patients in accordance with state and federal law. Biopharma Services are billed to the customer directly. While we have agreements with our Biopharma clients, volumes from these clients are subject to the progression and continuation of the clinical trials which can impact testing volume. We also derive revenue from Discovery Services whichcomes from preclinical oncology and immuno-oncology services offered to our biotechnology and pharmaceutical customers.  We are services provideda leader in the development of neworthotopic and metastases tumor models and offers whole body imaging, in addition to toxicology testing assays and methods.bionalytical analysis. Discovery Services are billed directlydesigned to specialize in conducting studies tailored to guide drug development, starting from compound libraries and ending with a comprehensive set of in vitro and in vivo data and reports, as needed for Investigational New Drug (IND) filing.

Due to the customer.

We have historically derived a significant portion ofBusiness Disposals that occurred in July 2019, revenues from our revenue from a limited number of test ordering sites, although the test ordering sites that generate a significant portion of our revenue have changed from period to period. Test ordering sites account for all of ourBiopharma Services and Clinical Services revenue along with a portionare presented net of the Biopharma Services revenue. Our test ordering sites are hospitals, cancer centers, reference laboratories, physician offices and biopharmaceutical companies. Oncologists and pathologists at these sites order the tests on behalf of the needs of their oncology patients or as part of a clinical trial sponsored by a biopharmaceutical companyexpenses in which the patient is being enrolled.

The top five test ordering sites during the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 accounted for approximately 45% and 39% of our testing volumes, respectively. During the three months ended September 30, 2017, one Biopharma client accounted for approximately 11% of our revenue. During the three months ended September 30, 2016, one Biopharma client accounted for approximately 18% of our revenue.

The top five test ordering sites during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 accounted for approximately 40% and 31% of our testing volumes, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, there was one biopharmaceutical company which accounted for approximately 11% of our total revenue. During the nine months ended September 30, 2016, there was one biopharmaceutical company which accounted for approximately 10% of our total revenue.

We receive revenue for our Clinical Services from Medicare, other insurance carriers and other healthcare facilities.  Some of our customers choose, generally at the beginning of our relationship, to pay for laboratory services directly as opposed to having patients (or their insurers) pay for those services and providing us with the patients’ insurance information.  A hospital may elect to be a direct bill customer and pay our bills directly, or may provide us with patient information so that their patients pay our bills, in which case we generally expect payment from their private insurance carrier or Medicare. In a few instances, we have arrangements where a hospital may have two accounts with us, so that certain tests are billed directly to the hospital, and certain tests are billed to and paid by a patient’s insurer. The billing arrangements generally are dictated by our customers and in accordance with state and federal law.

For the three months ended September 30, 2017, Medicare accounted for approximately 11% of our total revenue, other insurance accounted for approximately 19% of our total revenue and other healthcare facilities accounted for 6% of our total revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, Medicare accounted for approximately 14% of our total revenue, other insurance accounted for approximately 22% of our total revenue and other healthcare facilities accounted for 5% of our total revenue. On average, we generate less revenue per test from other healthcare facilities billed directly, than from other insurance payers. discontinued operations.

Cost of Revenues from Continuing Operations

Our cost of revenues consists principally of internal personnel costs, including non-cash stock-based compensation, laboratory consumables, shipping costs, overhead and other direct expenses, such as specimen procurement and third party validation studies. We are pursuingcontinue to pursue various strategies to reduce and control our cost of revenues, including automating our processes through more efficient technology and attempting to negotiate improved terms with our suppliers. With our three acquisitions in 2014 and 2015, we have made significant progress with integrating our resources and services in an effort to reduce costs. With our acquisition of vivoPharm in the third quarter of 2017, we are working to integrate its business and reduce costs. We will continue to assess other possible advantages to help us improve our cost structure.

Operating Expenses from Continuing Operations

We classify our operating expenses into three categories: research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative. Our operating expenses principally consist of personnel costs, including non-cash stock-based compensation, facility costs, outside services, laboratory consumables and overhead, development costs, marketing program costs and legal and accounting fees.

Research and Development Expenses.We incur Prior to the Business Disposals, we incurred research and development expenses principally in connection with our efforts to develop our proprietary tests. Our primary research and development expenses consistconsisted of direct personnel costs, laboratory equipment and consumables and overhead expenses. In 2013, we entered into a joint venture with the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, with a focus on developing oncology diagnostic services and tests utilizing next generation sequencing. These efforts have continued. All research and development expenses arewere charged to operations in the periods they are incurred. In our Discovery Services business, we are limited in the demand for continuing research and development requirements, so are not expended our capital resources on these activities.

General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses consist principally of personnel-related expenses, professional fees, such as legal, accounting and business consultants, occupancy costs, bad debt and other general expenses. We have experienced decreasesincurred increases in our general and administrative expenses butand anticipate only modest increases as we expand our business operations.Discovery Business grows.

Sales and Marketing ExpensesExpenses.. Our sales and marketing expenses consist principally of personnel and related overhead costs for our sales team and their support personnel, travel and entertainment expenses, and other selling costs including sales collaterals and trade shows. We expect our sales and marketing expenses to increaseremain relatively flat as we expand into new geographiescontinue to operate and add new clinical tests and services.grow our Discovery Services business.

Seasonality

Our business experiences decreased demand during spring vacation season, summer months and the December holiday season when patients are less likely to visit their health care providers. We expect this trend in seasonality to continue for the foreseeable future.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 20162018

The following table sets forth certain information concerning our results of operations for the periods shown: 

 Three Months Ended September 30, Change
(dollars in thousands)2017 2016 $ %
Revenue$8,028
 $6,750
 $1,278
 19 %
Cost of revenues4,588
 4,444
 144
 3 %
Research and development expenses981
 1,594
 (613) (38)%
General and administrative expenses4,346
 3,701
 645
 17 %
Sales and marketing expenses1,301
 1,054
 247
 23 %
Loss from operations(3,188) (4,043) 855
 (21)%
Interest income (expense)(340) (107) (233) 218 %
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable105
 18
 87
 483 %
Change in fair value of warrant liability2,790
 712
 2,078
 292 %
Other expense
 (325) 325
 (100)%
Net (loss)$(633) $(3,745) $3,112
 (83)%

Non-GAAP Financial Information

In addition to disclosing financial results in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the table below contains non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are helpful in understanding and comparing our past financial performance and our future results. The non-GAAP financial measures disclosed by the Company exclude the non- operating changes in the fair value of derivative instruments. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and the financial results calculated in accordance with GAAP and reconciliations from these results should be carefully evaluated. Management believes that these non-GAAP measures provide useful information about the Company’s core operating results and thus are appropriate to enhance the overall understanding of the Company’s past financial performance and its prospects for the future. The non-GAAP financial measures in the table below include adjusted net (loss) and the related adjusted basic and diluted net (loss) per share amounts.

Reconciliation from GAAP to Non-GAAP Results (in thousands, except per share amounts):
  Three Months Ended September 30,
  2017 2016
Reconciliation of net (loss):    
Net (loss) $(633) $(3,745)
Adjustments:    
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable (105) (18)
Change in fair value of warrant liability (2,790) (712)
Adjusted net (loss) $(3,528) $(4,475)
Reconciliation of basic net (loss) per share:    
Basic net (loss) per share $(0.03) $(0.23)
Adjustments to net (loss) (0.13) (0.04)
Adjusted basic net (loss) per share $(0.16) $(0.27)
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding 21,577
 16,519
Reconciliation of diluted net (loss) per share:    
Diluted net (loss) per share $(0.15) $(0.23)
Adjustments to net (loss) (0.01) (0.04)
Adjusted diluted net (loss) per share $(0.16) $(0.27)
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding 22,359
 16,519

Adjusted net (loss) decreased 21% to $3.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2017, down from an adjusted net (loss) of $4.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2016. Adjusted basic net (loss) per share decreased 41% to $0.16 during the three months ended September 30, 2017, down from $0.27 during the three months ended September 30,

2016. Adjusted diluted net (loss) per share decreased 41% to $0.16 during the three months ended September 30, 2017, down from $0.27 during the three months ended September 30, 2016.

Revenue

The breakdown of our revenue is as follows:
 Three Months Ended September 30, Change
 2017 2016    
(dollars in thousands)$ % $ % $ %
Biopharma Services$4,168
 52% $3,805
 56% $363
 10%
Clinical Services2,880
 36% 2,687
 40% 193
 7%
Discovery Services980
 12% 258
 4% 722
 280%
Total Revenue$8,028
 100% $6,750
 100% $1,278
 19%

Revenue increased 19%, or $1.3 million, to $8.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, from $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, principally due to an increase in Discovery Services of $0.7 million and an increase in our Biopharma Services of $0.4 million. Our average revenue per test decreased to $376 per test for the three months ended September 30, 2017 from $397 per test for the three months ended September 30, 2016, principally due to the additional Clinical Services volume from our Los Angeles facility, which yields lower average revenue per test. Test volume increased by 11% from 12,348 tests for the three months ended September 30, 2016 to 13,726 tests for the three months ended September 30, 2017.

Revenue from Biopharma Services increased 10%, or $0.4 million, to $4.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, from $3.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 due to completing more studies from its top ten customers. Revenue from Clinical Services customers increased by $0.2 million, or 7%, compared to the three months ended September 30, 2016, due to increased clinical test volume. Revenue from Discovery Services increased 280%, or $0.7 million, during the three months ended September 30, 2017 due to the acquisition of vivoPharm, which accounted for $0.8 million of the increase.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues increased 3%, or $0.1 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2017, principally due to increased payroll and benefit costs of $0.2 million offset by reduced costs of supplies used in our testing facilities of $0.1 million. Gross margin improved to 43% during the three months ended September 30, 2017 up from 34% for the three months ended September 30, 2016.

Operating Expenses

Research and development expenses decreased 38%, or $0.6 million, to $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, from $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, principally due to a $0.3 million decrease in payroll and benefit costs and a $0.3 million decrease in lab supplies used to validate new diagnostic tests and perform certain research and development projects.

General and administrative expenses increased 17%, or $0.6 million, to $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, from $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, principally due to an increase in our bad debt reserve of $0.7 million and an increase in payroll and other benefits of $0.3 million, offset by a $0.2 million decrease in facility costs resulting from the elimination of building management fees at our North Carolina location and decreased professional fees and taxes of $0.1 million each.

Sales and marketing expenses increased 23%, or $0.2 million, to $1.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017, from $1.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016, principally due to increased compensation costs of $0.3 million and offset by decreased facility costs of $0.1 million.

Interest Income (Expense)

Net interest expense increased 218%, or $0.2 million, to $0.3 million during the three months ended September 30, 2017 due to the higher effective interest rate on our refinanced debt.

Change in Fair Value of Acquisition Note Payable

The change in fair value of note payable resulted in approximately $105,000 and $18,000 of non-cash income for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The fair value of the note representing part of the purchase price for BioServe decreased during the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 as a consequence of a decrease in our stock price.

Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability

Changes in fair value of some of our common stock warrants may impact our quarterly results.  Accounting rules require us to record certain of our warrants as a liability, measure the fair value of these warrants each quarter and record changes in that value in earnings. As a result of a decrease in our stock price, we recognized non-cash income of $2.8 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. In the future, if our stock price increases, with all other factors being equal, we would record a non-cash charge as a result of changes in the fair value of our common stock warrants. Alternatively, if the stock price decreases, with all other factors being equal, we may record non-cash income.

Other Expense

During the three months ended September 30, 2016, we expensed $0.3 million of offering costs associated with the derivative warrants issued in the 2016 Offerings. 

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 and 2016

The following table sets forth certain information concerning our results of operations for the periods shown: 
Nine Months Ended September 30, ChangeThree Months Ended June 30, Change
(dollars in thousands)2017 2016 $ %2019 2018 $ %
Revenue$21,598
 $19,819
 $1,779
 9 %$1,525
 $1,281
 $244
 19 %
Cost of revenues12,831
 12,832
 (1)  %725
 875
 (150) (17)%
Research and development expenses3,080
 4,806
 (1,726) (36)%7
 16
 (9) (56)%
General and administrative expenses11,352
 11,677
 (325) (3)%1,266
 1,464
 (198) (14)%
Sales and marketing expenses3,437
 3,731
 (294) (8)%322
 386
 (64) (17)%
Loss from operations(9,102) (13,227) 4,125
 (31)%
Interest income (expense)(760) (323) (437) 135 %
Loss from continuing operations(795) (1,460) 665
 (46)%
Interest expense, net(514) (2) (512) 25,600 %
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable(114) 119
 (233) (196)%7
 64
 (57) (89)%
Change in fair value of other derivatives55
 
 55
 n/a
Change in fair value of warrant liability(3,927) 729
 (4,656) (639)%206
 2,154
 (1,948) (90)%
Other income(46) (325) 279
 (86)%
Loss before income taxes(13,949) (13,027) (922) 7 %
Income tax provision (benefit)(970) 
 (970) n/a
Net (loss)$(12,979) $(13,027) $48
  %
Other expense(11) (23) 12
 (52)%
Income (loss) before income taxes from continuing operations(1,052) 733
 (1,785) (244)%
Income tax benefit(512) 
 (512) n/a
Net income (loss) from continuing operations(540) 733
 (1,273) (174)%
Net loss from discontinuing operations(3,233) (4,366) 1,133
 (26)%
Net loss$(3,773) $(3,633) $(140) 4 %

Non-GAAP Financial Information

In addition to disclosing financial results in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the table below contains non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are helpful in understanding and comparing our past financial performance and our future results. The non-GAAP financial measures disclosed by the Company exclude the non- operating changes in the fair value of derivative instruments. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and the financial results calculated in accordance with GAAP and reconciliations from these results should be carefully evaluated. Management believes that these non-GAAP measures provide useful information about the Company’s core operating results and thus are appropriate to enhance the overall understanding of the Company’s past financial performance and its prospects for the future. The non-GAAP financial measures in the table below include adjusted net (loss) and the related adjusted basic and diluted net (loss) per share amounts.

Reconciliation from GAAP to Non-GAAP Results (in thousands, except per share amounts):

  Nine Months Ended September 30,
  2017 2016
Reconciliation of net (loss):    
Net (loss) $(12,979) $(13,027)
Adjustments:    
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable 114
 (119)
Change in fair value of warrant liability 3,927
 (729)
Adjusted net (loss) $(8,938) $(13,875)
Reconciliation of basic and diluted net (loss) per share:    
Basic and diluted net (loss) per share $(0.65) $(0.88)
Adjustments to net (loss) 0.20
 (0.05)
Adjusted basic and diluted net (loss) per share $(0.45) $(0.93)
Basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding 20,059
 14,868
  Three Months Ended June 30,
  2019 2018
Reconciliation of net income (loss) from continuing operations:    
Net income (loss) from continuing operations $(540) $733
Adjustments:    
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable (7) (64)
Change in fair value of other derivatives (55) 
Change in fair value of warrant liability (206) (2,154)
Adjusted net loss from continuing operations $(808) $(1,485)
Reconciliation of basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations:    
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share from continuing operations $(0.01) $0.03
Adjustments to net loss 
 (0.08)
Adjusted basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations $(0.01) $(0.05)
Basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding 57,164
 27,049

Adjusted net (loss)loss from continuing operations decreased 36%46% to $8.9$0.8 million during the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, down2019, from an adjusted net (loss)loss from continuing operations of $13.9$1.5 million during the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2018. Adjusted basic and diluted net (loss)loss per share from continuing operations decreased 52%80% to $0.45$0.01 during the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, down2019, from $0.93$0.05 during the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.

The breakdown of our revenue is as follows:
 Nine Months Ended September 30, Change
 2017 2016    
(dollars in thousands)$ % $ % $ %
Biopharma Services11,175
 52% $11,374
 57% $(199) (2)%
Clinical Services8,887
 41% 7,685
 39% 1,202
 16 %
Discovery Services1,536
 7% 760
 4% 776
 102 %
Total Revenue$21,598
 100% $19,819
 100% $1,779
 9 %

Revenue increased 9%, or $1.8 million, to $21.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, from $19.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, principally due to an increase of $1.2 million in our Clinical Services and an increase in Discovery Services of $0.8 million, offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in our Biopharma Services. Our average revenue per test decreased to $378 per test for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from $408 per test for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, principally due to the additional Clinical Services volume from our Los Angeles facility, which yields lower average revenue per test. Test volume increased by 12% from 36,156 tests for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to 40,451 tests for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.2018.

Revenue from Biopharma Services decreased 2%Continuing Operations

Revenue from continuing operations increased 19%, or $0.2 million, to $11.2 million forduring the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, from $11.4 million for2019 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2016same period in 2018 primarily due to completing fewera higher volume of active projects as the demand for toxicity and efficacy studies for its top ten customers. Revenue from Clinical Services customers increased by $1.2 million, or 16%, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 duecontinued to increased volume in our clinical services laboratory operations in Los Angeles. Revenue from Discovery Services increased 102%, or $0.8 million, during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 due to our acquisition of vivoPharm, which accounted for all of the increase.

Cost of Revenues from Continuing Operations

Cost of revenues remained steadyfrom continuing operations decreased 17%, or $0.2 million, for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019, principally due to a $0.1 million decrease in payroll and 2016. While lab suppliesbenefit costs and facilityaccruals for study-related costs bothin the comparable periods. Correspondingly, gross margin from continuing operations increased by $0.2 millionto 52% during the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, depreciation of equipment and outsourced labor decreased by $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively, during2019 up from 32% for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017. In addition, our shipping costs declined by $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Gross margin improved to 41% during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 from 35% during the nine months ended September 30, 2016, as we continue to rationalize our cost structure from prior acquisitions and introduce greater efficiency in our laboratory operations.

2018.

Operating Expenses from Continuing Operations

Research and development expenses from continuing operations decreased 36%56%, or $1.7 million,$9,000, to $3.1 million$7,000 for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, from $4.8 million$16,000 for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018, principally due to reduced payroll and benefit costs of $0.7 million, decreased lab supplies of $0.7 million and reduced facility costs of $0.2 million.a decrease in stock-based compensation.

General and administrative expenses from continuing operations decreased 3%14%, or $0.3$0.2 million, to $11.4$1.3 million for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, from $11.7$1.5 million for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018 principally due to decreased facility costsa $0.3 million decrease in professional services and board of $0.6 million, decreased professional fess of $0.2 million, decreased miscellaneous expenses of $0.2 million and decreased franchise and property taxes of $0.2 million, partially offset by an increase in our bad debt reserve of $0.9 million.director fees.

Sales and marketing expenses from continuing operations decreased 8%17%, or $0.3$0.1 million, to $3.4$0.3 million for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, from $3.7$0.4 million for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016, principally due to reduced travel and entertainment expenses of $0.2 million and decreased facility costs of $0.2 million.2018.

Interest Income (Expense)Expense, Net

Net interest expense from continuing operations increased 135%, or $0.4by $0.5 million principallyduring the three months ended June 30, 2019 due to recognizing a loss on extinguishmentthe addition of debt of $0.1 milliontwo financing agreements that were not in March 2017 andplace during the higher effective interest rate on our refinanced debt.

Change in Fair Value of Acquisition Note Payable

The change in fair value of note payable resulted in $0.1 million in non-cash expense for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018. The Company incurred $0.2 million of interest on its Convertible Note and Advance from NovellusDx. The Company also recognized $0.5 million of additional interest as compared to non-cash incomea result of $0.1 million forreducing the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The fair valueconversion price on a portion of the note representing part ofConvertible Note debt. In June 2019, the purchase price for BioServe increased duringCompany defaulted on the nine months ended September 30, 2017 asConvertible Note, creating a consequence of a15% increase in our stock price.the outstanding balance at the date of default, which approximated $0.4 million. The Company allocated $0.6 million of this interest to discontinuing operations.


Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability

Changes in fair value of some of our common stock warrants may impact our quarterly results.  Accounting rules require us to record certain of our warrants as a liability, measure the fair value of these warrants each quarter and record changes in that value in earnings. As a result of an increasechanges in our stock price, we recognized non-cash expenseincome of $3.9$0.2 million and $2.2 million for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019 and 2018, respectively. In the future, if our stock price increases, with all other factors being equal, we would record a non-cash charge as a result of changes in the fair value of our common stock warrants. Alternatively, if the stock price decreases, with all other factors being equal, we may record non-cash income.

Income Tax Benefit

On April 4, 2019, we sold $11.6 million of gross State of New Jersey NOL’s relating to the 2017 tax year as well as $0.1 million of state research and development tax credits. The sale resulted in the net receipt by the Company of approximately $0.5 million.

Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2018

The following table sets forth certain information concerning our results of operations for the periods shown: 
 Six Months Ended June 30, Change
(dollars in thousands)2019 2018 $ %
Revenue$3,347
 $2,708
 $639
 24 %
Cost of revenues1,719
 1,633
 86
 5 %
Research and development expenses15
 31
 (16) (52)%
General and administrative expenses3,173
 3,384
 (211) (6)%
Sales and marketing expenses514
 612
 (98) (16)%
Loss from continuing operations(2,074) (2,952) 878
 (30)%
Interest income (expense), net(1,127) 16
 (1,143) (7,144)%
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable7
 81
 (74) (91)%
Change in fair value of other derivatives86
 
 86
 n/a
Change in fair value of warrant liability199
 2,846
 (2,647) (93)%
Other expense(11) (23) 12
 (52)%
Income (loss) before income taxes from continuing operations(2,920) (32) (2,888) 9,025 %
Income tax benefit(512) 
 (512) n/a
Net income (loss) from continuing operations(2,408) (32) (2,376) 7,425 %
Net loss from discontinuing operations(5,982) (8,057) 2,075
 (26)%
Net loss$(8,390) $(8,089) $(301) 4 %

Non-GAAP Financial Information

In addition to disclosing financial results in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), the table below contains non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are helpful in understanding and comparing our past financial performance and our future results. The non-GAAP financial measures disclosed by the Company exclude the non- operating changes in the fair value of derivative instruments. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and the financial results calculated in accordance with GAAP and reconciliations from these results should be carefully evaluated. Management believes that these non-GAAP measures provide useful information about the Company’s core operating results and thus are appropriate to enhance the overall understanding of the Company’s past financial performance and its prospects for the future. The non-GAAP financial measures in the table below include adjusted net (loss) and the related adjusted basic and diluted net (loss) per share amounts.

Reconciliation from GAAP to Non-GAAP Results (in thousands, except per share amounts):

  Six Months Ended June 30,
  2019 2018
Reconciliation of net income (loss) from continuing operations:    
Net income (loss) from continuing operations (2,408) (32)
Adjustments:    
Change in fair value of acquisition note payable (7) (81)
Change in fair value of other derivatives (86) 
Change in fair value of warrant liability (199) (2,846)
Adjusted net loss from continuing operations $(2,700) $(2,959)
Reconciliation of basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations:    
Basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations $(0.05) $
Adjustments to net loss 
 (0.11)
Adjusted basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations $(0.05) $(0.11)
Basic and diluted weighted-average shares outstanding 53,049
 27,049

Adjusted net loss from continuing operations decreased 9% to $2.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, from an adjusted net loss from continuing operations of $3.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2018. Adjusted basic and diluted net loss per share from continuing operations decreased 55% to $0.05 during the six months ended June 30, 2019 from $0.11 during the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Revenue from Continuing Operations

Revenue from continuing operations increased 24%, or $0.6 million, to $3.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $2.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, principally due to a higher volume of active projects as the demand for toxicity and efficacy studies continued to increase.

Cost of Revenues from Continuing Operations

Cost of revenues from continuing operations increased $0.1 million to $1.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 from $1.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, principally due to a $0.3 million increase in lab supplies, offset in part by a $0.1 decrease in payroll and benefit costs and decreased facility costs of $0.1 million. Correspondingly, gross margin increased to 49% during the six months ended June 30, 2019 from 40% during the six months ended June 30, 2018.

Operating Expenses from Continuing Operations

Research and development expenses from continuing operations decreased 52%, or $16,000, to $15,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $31,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2018, due to a decrease in stock-based compensation.

General and administrative expenses from continuing operations decreased 6%, or $0.2 million, to $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $3.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, principally due to decreased board of director fees of $0.2 million.

Sales and marketing expenses from continuing operations decreased 16%, or $0.1 million, to $0.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019, from $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, principally due to a $0.1 million decline in facility costs.

Interest Expense, Net

Net interest expense from continuing operations increased by $1.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 due to the addition of two financing agreements that were not in place during the six months ended June 30, 2018. The Company incurred $0.3 million of interest on its Convertible Note and Advance from NovellusDx. The Company also amortized $1.1 million of debt discounts on these two agreements during the six months ended June 30, 2019. The Company entered into a standstill agreement with Iliad in January 2019, which resulted in $0.2 million of additional fees. It later entered into a second standstill agreement that reduced the conversion price on a portion of the Convertible Note, resulting in $0.5 million of additional interest. In June 2019, the Company defaulted on the Convertible Note, creating a 15% increase in the outstanding balance at

the date of default, which approximated $0.4 million. At June 30, 2019 the Company is accruing interest at the default rate on both of these agreements. The Company allocated $1.4 million of this interest to discontinuing operations.
Change in Fair Value of Warrant Liability

Changes in fair value of some of our common stock warrants may impact our quarterly results.  Accounting rules require us to record certain of our warrants as a liability, measure the fair value of these warrants each quarter and record changes in that value in earnings. As a result of changes in our stock price, we recognized non-cash income of $0.2 million and $2.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018. Consequently, we may be exposed to non-cash charges, or we may record non-cash income, as a result of this warrant exposure in future periods.

We recognized non-cash incomeIncome Tax Benefit

On April 4, 2019, we sold $11.6 million of $0.7gross State of New Jersey NOL’s relating to the 2017 tax year as well as $0.1 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 due to changesof state research and development tax credits. The sale resulted in the fair valuenet receipt by the Company of the warrants issued in the 2016 Offerings and the expiration of other unexercised warrants.

Other Expense

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, we expensed $46,000 and $0.3 million of issuance costs associated with the derivative warrants issued as part of the 2017 debt refinancing and the 2016 Offerings, respectively.approximately $0.5 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

Our primary sources of liquidity have been funds generated from our debt financings and equity financings. In addition, we have generated funds from the following sources: (i) cash collections from customers and (ii) cash received from the sale of state NOL’s.In January 2019, we closed two public offerings and issued an aggregate of28,550,726 shares of common stock for approximately $5.4 million, net of expenses and discounts of approximately $1.1 million. On April 4, 2019, we sold $11.6 million of gross State of New Jersey NOL’s relating to the 2017 tax year as well as $0.1 million of state research and development tax credits. The sale resulted in the net receipt by the Company of approximately $0.5 million. In July 2019, we completed two business disposals, resulting in an aggregate of $3.0 million of net cash proceeds at the time of closing; however, $1.0 million of the funds received is an advance from siParadigm that will be deducted from the Earn-Out amounts earned during the period. In addition, we also have a promissory note from IDXG for approximately $7.7 million, subject to adjustments, that will mature on the earlier of the date of (i) the consummation of an investment by Ampersand Capital Partners or any of its affiliates into IDXG or Buyer, following IDXG receiving the approval of its shareholders of the issuance of shares of its common stock in connection therewith and (ii) July 15, 2022, and will be paid interest-only quarterly prior to maturity at a rate of 6% per year.

In general, our primary uses of cash are providing for operating expenses, working capital purposes and servicing debt. As of
September 30, 2017, we have up to $4.0 million of available borrowings from our line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank, and we are able to sell shares to Aspire Capital.

Aspire Capital


On August 14, 2017, we entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC, an Illinois limited liability company (“Aspire Capital”), which provides that Aspire Capital is committed to purchase up to an aggregate of $16.0 million of our common stock (the “Purchase Shares”) from time to time over the term of the Purchase Agreement. Aspire Capital made an initial purchase of 1,000,000 Purchase Shares (the “Initial Purchase”) at a purchase price of $3.00 per share on the commencement date of the agreement.

After the commencement date, on any business day over the 24-month term of the Purchase Agreement, we have the right, in our sole discretion, to present Aspire Capital with a purchase notice (each, a “Purchase Notice”) directing Aspire Capital to purchase up to 33,333 Purchase Shares per business day, provided that Aspire Capital will not be required to buy Purchase Shares pursuant to a Purchase Notice that was received by Aspire Capital on any business day on which the last closing trade price of our common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market is below $3.00. The Company and Aspire Capital also may mutually agree to increase the number of shares that may be sold to as much as an additional 2,000,000 Purchase Shares per business day. The purchase price per Purchase Share will be $3.00. As consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement, we issued 320,000 shares of our common stock to Aspire Capital (“Commitment Shares”).

The number of Purchase Shares covered by and timing of each Purchase Notice are determined by us, at our sole discretion. The aggregate number of shares that we can sell to Aspire Capital under the Purchase Agreement may in no case exceed 3,938,213 shares of our common stock (which is equal to approximately 19.9% of the common stock outstanding on the date of the Purchase Agreement), including the 320,000 Commitment Shares and the 1,000,000 Initial Purchase Shares, unless shareholder approval is obtained to issue additional shares.

Our net proceeds will depend on several factors, including the frequency of our sales of Purchase Shares to Aspire Capital and the frequency at which the last closing trade price of our common stock is below $3.00, subject to a maximum of $16.0 million in gross proceeds, including the Initial Purchase. Our delivery of Purchase Notices will be made subject to market conditions, in light of our capital needs from time to time and under the limitations contained in the Purchase Agreement. We currently intend to use the net proceeds from sales of Purchase Shares for general corporate purposes and working capital requirements.

As of September 30, 2017, the Company has sold 1,000,000 shares under this agreement at $3.00 per share, resulting in proceeds of approximately $2,965,000, net of offering costs of approximately $35,000. The Company has also issued 320,000 shares as consideration for entering into the Purchase Agreement. The Company has not deferred any offering costs associated with this agreement.

Cash Flows from Continuing Operations

Our net cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities from continuing operations for the periods below were as follows:
Nine Months Ended 
 September 30,
Six Months Ended 
 June 30,
(in thousands)2017 20162019 2018
Cash provided by (used in):   
Cash provided by (used in) continuing operations:   
Operating activities$(10,249) $(17,299)$(886) $(1,790)
Investing activities(2,121) (472)(21) (4)
Financing activities7,675
 9,028
5,400
 (27)
Net (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$(4,695) $(8,743)
Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash(41) 61
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash from continuing operations$4,452
 $(1,760)

We had cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash of $4.8$1.0 million at SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, and $9.5$0.5 million at December 31, 2016.2018.

The $4.7$4.5 million increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2019, principally resulted from net proceeds from the 2019 Offerings of $5.4 million.


The $1.8 million decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2018, principally resulted from net cash used in operations of $10.2 million, principal payments made on the Silicon Valley Bank term note of $4.7 million and fixed asset additions of $1.2 million, partially offset by proceeds from the exercise of warrants of $1.8 million, net proceeds from the sale of stock to Aspire Capital of $3.0 million, proceeds from refinancing our debt of $6.0 million and borrowings on our line of credit of $2.0 million.

The $8.7 million decrease in cash and cash equivalents for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, principally resulted from $17.3 million of net cash used in operations, partially offset by $10.0 million of net proceeds from the 2016 Offerings.

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, we had total indebtedness of $8.0$13.4 million, excluding capitalfinance lease obligations.obligations, of which $8.8 million is included in current liabilities of discontinued operations and was repaid as part of the BioPharma Disposal. At June 30, 2019, we are in default of our Convertible Debt and Advance from NovellusDx agreements.

Cash Used in Operating Activities from Continuing Operations

Net cash used in continuing operating activities was $10.2$0.9 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019. We used $4.7$1.2 million in net cash to fund our core operations, which included $0.6 million in cash paid for interest.continuing operations. We incurred additional uses of cash when adjusting for working capital items as follows: a net increasereduction in accounts receivableour operating lease liabilities of $4.0$0.1 million anand a net increase in other current assets of $0.6$0.1 million, offset in part, by a net decreaseincrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue of $1.1$0.3 million, a decrease in operating right-of-use assets of $0.1 million and a decrease in deferred rent payable and otheraccounts receivable of $0.1 million, offset by a decrease in other assets of $0.3 million.

For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2018, we used $17.3$1.8 million of cash in continuing operating activities. We used $10.5$2.0 million in net cash to fund our corecontinuing operations, which included $0.3 millionoffset, in cash paid for interest. We incurred additional uses of cashpart, when adjusting for working capital items as follows: a net increase in accounts receivable of $7.1 million and an increase in other current assets of $0.1 million, offset by a net increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and deferred revenue of $0.4$0.2 million and a net decrease in other current assets of $0.1 million.

Cash Used in Investing Activities from Continuing Operations

Net cash used in continuing investing activities was $2.1 million$21,000 for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and resulted from the purchase of fixed assets of $1.2 million, patent costs of $0.1 million, net cash paid to acquire vivoPharm of $0.7 million and investing $0.2 million in a cost method investment.assets.

Net cash used in continuing investing activities was $0.5 million$4,000 for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162018 and resulted from the purchase of fixed assets of $0.3 million and patent costs of $0.1 million.assets.

Cash Provided by Financing Activities from Continuing Operations

Net cash provided by continuing financing activities was $7.7$5.4 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and principally resulted from proceeds received from warrants exercised of $1.8 million,net proceeds from the sale of stock to Aspire Capital of $3.0 million net of certain offering costs, proceeds from refinancing our debt of $6.0 million and proceeds from borrowing $2.0 million on our line of credit, offset by principal payments made on our Silicon Valley Bank term note of $4.7 million, capital lease payments of $0.2 million and debt issuance costs and loan fees of $0.3 million related to our refinanced debt.2019 Offerings.

Net cash provided byused in continuing financing activities was $9.0 million$27,000 for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162018 and principally resulted from proceeds received in the 2016 Offerings of $10.0 million, offset by principal payments made on the bank term note of $0.8 million and capitalfinance lease payments of $0.1 million.obligations.

Capital Resources and Expenditure Requirements

We expect to continue to incur material operating losses in the near future. It may take several years, if ever, to achieve positive operational cash flow. We may need to raise additional capital to fund our current operations, to repay certain outstanding indebtedness and to fund expansion of our business to meet our long-term business objectives through public or private equity offerings, debt financings, borrowings or strategic partnerships coupled with an investment in our company or a combination thereof. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of convertible debt securities, or other debt securities, these securities could be secured and could have rights senior to those of our common stock. In addition, any new debt incurred by the Company could impose covenants that restrict our operations and increase our interest expense. The issuance of any new equity securities will also dilute the interest of our current stockholders. Given the risks associated with our business, including our unprofitable operating history, and our ability to develop additional proprietary tests, additional capital may not be available when needed on acceptable terms, or at all. If adequate funds are not available, we willmay need to curbsell off non-core assets, or, in extreme cases, discontinue our expansion plansoperations or limitliquidate our researchassets. In July 2019, we repaid our ABL and development activities, which would haveTerm Note as part of the Business Disposals. However, we are currently in default with our Convertible Note from Iliad and our Advance from NovellusDx. We are working with both parties to negotiate a material adverse impact on our business prospects and resultspossible resolution or settlement of operations.these debts.

WeNet cash used in operating activities for continuing operations was $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and the Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $0.7 million at June 30, 2019, an increase from $0.2 million at December 31, 2018. The Company has negative working capital from continuing operations at June 30, 2019 of $7.3 million.

Prior to the closing of the Business Disposals transactions in July 2019, we did not believe that our current cash taken together withwould support operations beyond the borrowings availablenext three months from the Silicon Valley Bank linedate of creditthis report unless certain assets were converted to cash as described below with respect to the Business Disposals. The Company currently requires a significant amount of additional capital to

fund operations and pay its unsecured debt and accounts payable, and its ability to continue as a going concern following the common stock purchase agreementBusiness Disposals is dependent upon its ability to collect its Excess Consideration Note related to the BioPharma Disposal and its outstanding accounts receivable, receive the Earn-Out payments from siParadigm and negotiate discounts in good faith with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC, will support operationsits trade suppliers. These factors raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern for at least the next 12twelve months from the date of this report. In July 2019, we sold our BioPharma Business and Clinical Business as described in the Business Disposal section above. While the Buyer assumed certain of our liabilities in the BioPharma Disposal, the cash received to date from the Business Disposals is insufficient to satisfy all of the Company’s liabilities and other obligations, and the Company cannot determine at this time if future Earn-Out payments and payoff of or downward adjustments to the Excess Consideration Note, combined with settlements of claims against the Company will enable all creditors to be paid in full and provide sufficient funds for future operations. We continueare continuing to explore opportunities forevaluate additional equitystrategic options, which could include the sale of other assets, a merger, reverse merger or debtother strategic transaction. We can provide no assurances that our current actions will be successful or that additional sources of cash or financing will be available to us on favorable terms, if at all. If the Company is not able to collect its accounts and notes receivable or raise additional capital on a timely basis or on favorable terms, the Company may need to scale back further or, in extreme cases, discontinue its operations or liquidate its assets.

Meanwhile we are taking steps to improve our operating cash flow. We can provide no assurances that our current actions will be successful or that any additional sources of financing will be available to us on favorable terms, if at all, when needed. Our forecast of the period of time through which our current financial resources will be adequate to support ourcash position, recurring losses from operations and negative cash flows from operations raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, and as a result, our independent registered public accounting firm included an explanatory paragraph in its report on our financial statements as of and for the costsyear ended December 31, 2018 with respect to supportthis uncertainty. This going concern opinion, and any future going concern opinion, could materially limit our generalability to raise additional capital. The perception that we may not be able to continue as a going concern may cause customers, potential partners or investors to choose not to deal with us due to concerns about our ability to meet our contractual and administrative, sales and marketing and research and development activities are forward-looking statements and involve risks and uncertainties.

We expectfinancial obligations. If we cannot continue as a going concern, our sales and marketing, research and development and other general and administrative expenses to increase as we continue to expandstockholders may lose their entire investment in our business.common stock.

Our forecast of the period of time through which our current financial resources will be adequate to support our operations and our expected operating expenses are forward-looking statements and involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could vary materially and negatively as a result of a number of factors, including:
 our ability to realize upon our note receivable from Interpace in a timely manner, and the magnitude of the adjustments to the face amount of such notes, if any;

our ability to realize upon the earn-out obligations due from siParadigm in a timely manner, and the possible reduction in the current or future volume of business acquired from us;
our ability to collect the accounts receivable from third-party commercial insurance payers we have retained;
our ability to negotiate discounted settlements with our creditors;
the ability of our vivoPharm subsidiary to achieve revenue growth and profitability;
our ability to improve efficiency of billingmaintain our present customer base and collection processes;
our ability to obtain approvalsnew customers for our new diagnostic tests;
our ability to execute on our marketing and sales strategy for our tests and CRO services and gain acceptance of our tests and CRO services in the market;
our ability to obtain adequate reimbursement from governmental and other third-party payors for our tests and services;
the costs, scope, progress, results, timing and outcomes of the clinical trials of our tests;vivoPharm;
the costs of operating and enhancing our laboratory facilities;
our ability to succeeddevelop and rationalize our business strategy going forward to be commensurate with our cost control initiative;
the timing of and the costs involved in regulatory compliance, particularly if the regulations change;
the costs of maintaining, expanding and protecting our intellectual property portfolio, including potential litigation costs and liabilities;corporate overhead;
our ability to manage the costs of manufacturing our tests;satisfy regulatory requirements;
our rateability to secure new financing and the amount thereof;
our ability to maintain our listing on Nasdaq;
our ability to retain our management team and have them be able to devote sufficient time and attention to our business in light of progresspotentially competing obligations to assist the acquirers in and costthe transition of research and development activities associated with, products in research and early development;the Business Disposals;
the effect of competing technological and market developments;
costs related to expansion;
our ability to secure financing and the amount thereof; and
other risks and uncertainties discussed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2018, as updated in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and other reports, as applicable, we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

We expectThe unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2019 were prepared on the basis of a going concern, which contemplates that our operating expenses may slightly increase as a result of our purchase of vivoPharm, but at a lesser rate than the expected increase in revenue. We expect our capital expendituresCompany will slightly increasebe able to realize assets and discharge liabilities in the future as we expand ournormal course of business. We planAccordingly, they do not give effect to increase our sales and marketing headcountadjustments that would be necessary should the Company be required to promote our new clinical tests and services andliquidate its assets.  The ability of the Company to expand into new geographiesmeet its obligations, and to continue our research and development expenditures associated with performing work with research collaborators, to expand our pipeline and to perform work associated with our research collaborations. For example, in 2011 we entered into an affiliation agreement to formas a joint venture with the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research pursuant to which we made an initial $1.0 million capital contribution in October 2013 and $1.0 million in the third quarter of 2014. We may make additional capital contributions of up to $4.0 million, subject to the joint venture entity’s achievement of certain operational milestones. Until we can generate a sufficient amount of revenues to finance our cash requirements, which we may never do, we will need to raise additional capital to fund our operations.

Subject togoing concern is dependent upon the availability of financing, we may use significant cash to fund acquisitions.

In March 2017, we entered into a new linefuture funding and the continued growth in revenues.  The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of credit with Silicon Valley Bank and refinanced our term note with a new lender, Partners for Growth. See Note 6 of Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. In August 2017, we entered into a common stock purchase agreement with Aspire Capital Fund, LLC. See Note 3 of Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.these uncertainties.

Income Taxes

Over the past several years we have generated operating losses in all jurisdictions in which we may be subject to income taxes. As a result, we have accumulated significant net operating losses and other deferred tax assets. Because of our history of losses and the uncertainty as to the realization of those deferred tax assets, a full valuation allowance has been recognized. We do not expect to report a benefit related to the deferred tax assets until we have a history of earnings, if ever, that would support the realization of our deferred tax assets. Utilization of these net operating loss carryforwards is subject to limitation due to ownership changes that may delay the utilization of a portion of the carryforwards.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Since inception, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet activities as defined in Item 303(a)(4) of Regulation S-K.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgment and Estimates

Our management’sManagement’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates based on historical experience and make various assumptions, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, which form the basis for judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that an “emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. However, we have chosen to “opt out” of such extended transition period, and as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that our decision to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable.

The notes to our audited consolidated financial statements in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162018 contain a summary of our significant accounting policies. The adoption of ASC 842 is discussed in Note 1 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. We consider the following accounting policies critical to the understanding of the results of our operations:
 
Revenue recognition;
Accounts receivable and bad debts;
Warrant liabilities and other derivatives;
Stock-based compensation;
Income taxes; and
Warrant liability.Impairment of intangibles and long-lived assets.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Safe Harbor Statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

This report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 under Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “predicts,” “potential,” or the negative of those terms, and similar expressions and comparable terminology intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements reflect our current views with respect to future events. There are a number of important factors that could cause the actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statement made by us. These factors include, but are not limited to:

our ability to achieve profitability by increasing salesrealize upon the earn-out obligations due from siParadigm in a timely manner, and the possible reduction in the current or future volume of our laboratory tests and services and to continually develop and commercialize novel and innovative diagnostic tests and services for cancer patients;business acquired from us;
our ability to improve efficiency of billing and collection processes;
with respect to our Clinical Services, our ability to obtain reimbursementcollect the accounts receivable from governmental and other third-party payors for our tests and services;
our ability clinically validate our pipeline of tests currently in development;commercial insurance payers we have retained;
our ability to execute onnegotiate discounted settlements with our marketing and sales strategy for our tests and CRO services and gain acceptancecreditors;
the ability of our testsvivoPharm subsidiary to achieve revenue growth and CRO services in the market;
our ability to keep pace with rapidly advancing market and scientific developments;
our ability to satisfy U.S. (including FDA) and international regulatory requirements with respect to our tests and services, many of which are new and still evolving;
our ability to raise additional capital to meet our liquidity needs;
competition from clinical laboratory services companies, tests currently available or new tests that may emerge;
our ability to maintain our clinical collaborations and enter into new collaboration agreements with highly regarded organizations in the cancer field so that, among other things, we have access to thought leaders in the field and to a robust number of samples to validate our tests;

profitability;
our ability to maintain our present customer base and obtain new customers;customers for vivoPharm;
potential product liability or intellectual property infringement claims;
the costs of operating and enhancing our dependency on third-party manufacturers to supply or manufacture our products;laboratory facilities;
our ability to attractdevelop and retain a sufficient number of scientists, clinicians, sales personnel and other key personnelrationalize our business strategy going forward to be commensurate with extensive experience in oncology, who are in short supply;our corporate overhead;
our ability to obtain or maintain patents or other appropriate protection for the intellectual property in our proprietary tests and services;
our dependency on the intellectual property licensed to us or possessed by third parties;satisfy regulatory requirements;
our ability to expand internationallysecure new financing and launch our tests in emerging markets, such as India and Brazil;the amount thereof;
our ability to adequately support future growth;maintain our listing on Nasdaq;

our ability to retain our management team and have them be able to devote sufficient time and attention to our business in light of potentially competing obligations to assist the acquirers in the transition of the Business Disposals;
the effect of competing technological and market developments; and
the risk factorsother risks and uncertainties discussed in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2018, as updated in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and other reports, as applicable, that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update or review publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise after the date of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. You should read this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and the documents referenced herein and filed as exhibits completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect.

Item 3.        Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Not applicable.

Item 4.        Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), as amended, as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, the end of the period covered by this report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and our Chief OperatingFinancial Officer (principal financial officer) have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective at the reasonable assurance level at SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2019 because of the material weakness in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that existed at December 31, 2018 that has not been fully remediated by the end of the period covered by this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. 

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. Due to the inherent limitations of control systems, not all misstatements may be detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty and that breakdowns can occur because of a simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. Controls and procedures can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the above objectives have been met.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

ThereOur internal control policies changed during the six months ended June 30, 2019 to accommodate the implementation of ASC 606 and specifically its effect on the different customer types within Clinical Services in part for a legacy location as well as the practical recording of the relevant accounts receivable and subsequent cash receipts.

Other than changes to accommodate the implementation of ASC 606, and the remediation activities discussed below, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Subsequent to the evaluation made in connection with filing our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018, management has begun the process of remediation of the material weakness. The further remediation is being conducted due to latency effects associated with the ASC 606 implementation as well as a legacy location that involves design changes to

our internal controls over revenue recognition. In 2019, management plans to include additional reconciliations between its general ledger and billing systems to enhance its remediation efforts. We believe these actions to be sufficient to remediate the identified material weakness and to enhance our internal control over financial reporting. However, the new enhanced controls have not operated long enough to conclude at the time of this filling that the material weakness was fully remediated. The Company expects this deficiency to be corrected by the end of 2019.


PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.        Legal Proceedings

In the normal courseOn April 5, 2018 and April 12, 2018, purported stockholders of business, the Company may become involvedfiled nearly identical putative class action lawsuits in various claimsthe U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey, against the Company, Panna L. Sharma, John A. Roberts, and legal proceedings. Igor Gitelman, captioned Ben Phetteplace v. Cancer Genetics, Inc. et al., No. 2:18-cv-05612 and Ruo Fen Zhang v. Cancer Genetics, Inc. et al., No. 2:18-06353, respectively. The complaints alleged violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and SEC Rule 10b-5 based on allegedly false and misleading statements and omissions regarding our business, operational, and financial results. The lawsuits sought, among other things, unspecified compensatory damages in connection with purchases of our stock between March 23, 2017 and April 2, 2018, as well as interest, attorneys’ fees, and costs. On August 28, 2018, the Court consolidated the two actions in one action captioned In re Cancer Genetics, Inc. Securities Litigation (the “Securities Litigation”) and appointed shareholder Randy Clark as the opinionlead plaintiff. On October 30, 2018, the lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint, adding Edward Sitar as a defendant and seeking, among other things, compensatory damages in connection with purchases of management,CGI stock between March 10, 2016 and April 2, 2018. On December 31, 2018, Defendants filed a motion to dismiss the amended complaint for failure to state a claim. On March 1, 2019, lead plaintiff filed its opposition to the motion to dismiss. On April 15, 2019, defendants filed their reply in further support of their motion to dismiss. Defendants' motion remains pending before the Court. The Company is unable to predict the ultimate liabilityoutcome of the Securities Litigation and therefore cannot estimate possible losses or disposition thereofranges of losses, if any.

In addition, on June 1, 2018, September 20, 2018, and September 25, 2018, purported stockholders of the Company filed nearly identical derivative lawsuits on behalf of the Company in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey against the Company (as a nominal defendant) and current and former members of the Company’s Board of Directors and current and former officers of the Company. The three cases are captioned: Bell v. Sharma et al., No. 2:18-cv-10009-CCC-MF, McNeece v. Pappajohn et al., No. 2:18-cv-14093, and Workman v. Pappajohn, et al., No. 2:18-cv-14259 (the “Derivative Litigation”). The complaints allege claims for breach of fiduciary duty, violations of Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (premised upon alleged omissions in the Company’s 2017 proxy statement), and unjust enrichment, and allege that the individual defendants failed to implement and maintain adequate controls, which resulted in ineffective disclosure controls and procedures, and conspired to conceal this alleged failure. The lawsuits seek, among other things, damages and/or restitution to the Company, appropriate equitable relief to remedy the alleged breaches of fiduciary duty, and attorneys’ fees and costs. On November 9, 2018, the Court in the Bell v. Sharma action entered a stipulation filed by the parties staying the Bell action until the Securities Litigation is not expecteddismissed, with prejudice, and all appeals have been exhausted; or the defendants’ motion to havedismiss in the Securities Litigation is denied in whole or in part; or either of the parties in the Bell action gives 30 days’ notice that they no longer consent to the stay. On December 10, 2018, the parties in the McNeece action filed a material adverse effect on our financial condition, resultsstipulation that is substantially identical to the Bell stipulation. On February 1, 2019, the Court in the Workman action granted a stipulation that is substantially identical to the Bell stipulation. The Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of operations,the Derivative Litigation and therefore cannot estimate possible losses or liquidity.ranges of losses, if any.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors

Except as set forth below, thereThere have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Part 1, Item 1A, of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2018 except as noted below:

Risks Related to the vivoPharm Acquisition

Any acquisition exposes a company to additional risks.

Acquisitions may entail numerous risks for Cancer Genetics, including:

competing claims for capital resources;
uncertaintyOur recurring losses from operations have raised substantial doubt regarding our ability to retain and grow relationships with vivoPharm’s key customers;
difficulties in assimilating acquired operations, technologies or products; and
diversion of management’s attention from our core business.continue as a going concern.

Our failureAt June 30, 2019, our cash position and history of losses required management to successfully completeassess our ability to continue operating as a going concern, according to FASB ASC 205-40, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern. Prior to the integrationclosing of vivoPharm couldthe Business Disposals transactions in July 2019, the Company did not have sufficient cash at June 30, 2019 to fund normal operations beyond the next three months from the date of this report unless certain current assets were converted to cash, as described below. The Company’s ability to continue as a material adverse effectgoing concern after the Business Disposals is dependent on our business, financial conditionthe Company’s ability to raise additional equity or debt capital, spin-off non-core assets to raise additional cash, collect its outstanding accounts receivable and operating results.timely collect on the Excess Consideration Note or receive the Earn-Out payments from siParadigm without significant offsets, and negotiate discounts in good faith with its trade suppliers. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for the next twelve months from the issuance of this current report on Form 10-Q.

FailureNet cash used in operating activities for continuing operations was $0.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and the Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $0.7 million at June 30, 2019, an increase from $0.2 million at December 31, 2018. The Company has negative working capital from continuing operations at June 30, 2019 of $7.3 million.


The Company currently requires a significant amount of additional capital to fund operations and pay its unsecured debt and accounts payable, and its ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to collect its outstanding accounts and notes receivable, receive the Earn-Out payments from siParadigm and negotiate discounts in good faith with its trade suppliers. In July 2019, we sold our BioPharma Business and Clinical Business as described in Note 1 to our financial statements. While the Buyer assumed certain of our liabilities in the BioPharma Disposal, the cash received to date from the Business Disposals is insufficient to satisfy all of the vivoPharm acquisition to achieve potential benefits could harmCompany’s liabilities and other obligations, and the businessCompany cannot determine at this time if future Earn-Out payments and operating resultspayoff of the Excess Consideration Note, combined company.with settlements of claims against the Company will enable all creditors to be paid in full and provide sufficient funds for future operations. We are continuing to evaluate additional strategic options, which could include the sale of other assets, a merger, reverse merger or other strategic transaction. We can provide no assurances that our current actions will be successful or that additional sources of cash or financing will be available to us on favorable terms, if at all. If the Company is not able to collect its accounts and notes receivable or raise additional capital on a timely basis or on favorable terms, the Company may need to scale back further or, in extreme cases, discontinue its operations or liquidate its assets.

We expectThe unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

The Company’s ability to collect timely on the acquisitionExcess Consideration Note due it from IDXG is uncertain.

On July 15, 2019, the Company entered into a secured creditor asset purchase agreement (the “BioPharma Agreement”) by and among the Company, Gentris, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the vivoPharm businesses will resultCompany, Partners for Growth IV, L.P. (“PFG”), Interpace Diagnostics Group, Inc. (“IDXG”) and a newly-formed subsidiary of IDXG, Interpace BioPharma, Inc. (“Buyer”). The BioPharma Agreement provided for a consensual private foreclosure sale by PFG of all assets relating to the Company’s BioPharma Business (as defined in potential benefits for the combined company,BioPharma Agreement) to Buyer (the “BioPharma Disposal”). Pursuant to the expansionBioPharma Agreement, Buyer purchased from PFG certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of the numberCompany relating to the BioPharma Business, providing as gross consideration $23,500,000, less certain closing adjustments totaling $1,978,240, of which $7,692,300 was paid in the form of a promissory note issued by Buyer to the Company (the “Excess Consideration Note”) and geographic coveragethe remainder was paid to PFG in cash. PFG utilized the cash proceeds to satisfy the outstanding balances of our salesthe Silicon Valley Bank (“SVB”) asset-based revolving line of credit (“ABL”) and marketing team, stronger penetrationthe $6.0 million term note to PFG (“PFG Term Note”), and to satisfy certain transaction expenses. The balance of approximately $2,260,000 was delivered to the Company along with the Excess Consideration Note. The Excess Consideration Note will mature on the earlier of the date of (i) the consummation of an investment (the “Ampersand Investment”) by Ampersand Capital Partners or any of its affiliates (“Ampersand”) into new biotechnology customers, an extended portfolioIDXG or Buyer, following IDXG receiving the approval of capabilities whichits shareholders of the issuance of shares of its common stock in connection therewith and (ii) July 15, 2022, and will differentiatebe paid interest-only quarterly prior to maturity at a rate of 6% per year.

The annual meeting of the IDXG shareholders is currently scheduled for October 10, 2019. If the IDXG shareholders approve the Ampersand Investment and if all other closing conditions to the Ampersand Investment are satisfied, then following such annual meeting, Buyer will be required to use the proceeds from the Ampersand Investment to repay the Excess Consideration Note, subject to certain set-off rights. If the IDXG shareholder do not approve the Ampersand Investment, or if the other closing conditions thereto are not otherwise satisfied or waived, Buyer will not be obligated to make payment on the Excess Consideration Note to us in the markets we serve, advancing our strategyimmediate short term. If for any reason, payment of bench-to-bedside services, and bolstering our growth with a global customer base of biopharma partners.the Excess Consideration Note is not made by Buyer to the Company in the near term, the Company’s ability to satisfy its obligations to existing creditors will be severely compromised. No assurance can be given that wethe IDXG shareholders will achieve anyapprove the Ampersand Investment, that the other closing conditions thereto will be satisfied or allthat repayment of these potential benefits. Even if we are ablethe Excess Consideration Note otherwise will be made.

In addition, the purchase price is to achieve anybe adjusted based on the net worth (assets less liabilities) of these potential benefits, we cannot predict with certainty when the benefits will occur, orBioPharma business as of June 30, 2019 as compared to the extentnet worth of the BioPharma business as of April 30, 2019, with any increase or decrease in net worth over such period being added to which they actuallyor subtracted from, respectively, the principal of the Excess Consideration Note, with such adjustment not to exceed $775,000. The Excess Consideration Note is also subject to set-off in the event that certain older accounts receivable of the Company purchased by Buyer, in the aggregate amount of approximately $830,000, are not collected prior to December 31, 2019, and as indemnification for breaches of certain limited warranties and of covenants of the Company and other specified items, subject to agreed-upon caps, baskets and survival periods as set forth in the BioPharma Agreement. Alternatively, if the Excess Consideration Note is no longer outstanding after December 31, 2019, the above-mentioned accounts receivable adjustment will be achieved. For example,satisfied through an AR Holdback (as defined in the benefits fromBioPharma Agreement) mechanism, as set forth in the acquisition mayBioPharma Agreement. The Excess Consideration Note is subordinated in favor of IDXG’s senior lender, subject to certain exceptions set forth therein. Accordingly, even if the IDXG shareholders approve the Ampersand Investment and the closing thereof occurs, the cash available to the Company to satisfy its creditors is likely to be offset by costs incurred in integratingless than the businesses. The failure to achieve anticipated benefits could harm the business, financial condition and operating results$7,692,300 initial principal amount of the combined company.Excess Consideration Note.

IfThe Company is in default under certain of its debt agreements, and its ability to satisfy claims of all its creditors in full is uncertain.

While in connection with the marketclosing of the BioPharma Disposal, the SVB ABL and the PFG Term Note were terminated, and all related liens were released, the Company remains liable to various unsecured creditors. The Company is also in default under the convertible promissory note dated July 17, 2018 (“Convertible Note”) with Iliad Research and Trading, L.P. (“Iliad”), which had an outstanding principal amount of $3.1 million as of June 30, 2019, and under the loan (the “Advance from NDX”) advanced by NovellusDx, Ltd. (“NDX”), which had an outstanding principal amount of $1.5 million as of June 30, 2019. In the aggregate, liabilities other than those of discontinued operations, as of June 30, 2019, consisted of an aggregate of $9.2 million in current liabilities and $9.5 million in total liabilities. This is compared to current assets other than those of discontinued operations of $1.9 million, as of June 30, 2019. While the Company believes that if the Excess Consideration Note is paid in October 2019 this will significantly improve the Company’s ability to satisfy its obligations to unsecured creditors, no assurance can be given that such unsecured creditors will be willing to wait for the combined company’s tests and services doesCompany to receive payment on the Excess Consideration Note or that claims will not experience significant growth or ifbe asserted in addition to the combined company’s tests and services do not achieve broad acceptance,amounts which the combined company’s operations will suffer.

Cancer Genetics cannot accurately predict the future growth rate or the size of the marketCompany believes it is liable for the combined company’s tests and services. The expansion ofat this market depends on a number of factors, such as:

the results of clinical trials;
the cost, performance and reliability of the combined company’s tests and services, and the tests and services offered by competitors;
customers’ perceptions regarding the benefits of the combined company’s test and services;
customers’ satisfaction with our tests and services; and
marketing efforts and publicity regarding our tests and services.

If the combined company is unable to manage growth in its business, its prospects may be limited and its future results of operations may be adversely affected.

Any significant expansion such as the acquisition of vivoPharm may strain the combined company’s managerial, financial and other resources. If the combined company is unable to manage its growth, its business, operating results and financial condition could be adversely affected. The combined company will need to improve continually its operations, financial and other

internal systems to manage its growth effectively, and any failure to do so may lead to inefficiencies and redundancies, and result in reduced growth prospects and diminished operational results.

Operating in multiple countries requires us to comply with different legal and regulatory requirements.

Other laws applicable to our international business include local clinical, employment, tax, privacy, data security, environmental and intellectual property protection laws and regulations. These requirements may differ significantly from the requirements applicable to our business in the U.S. and may require resources to accommodate, and may result in decreased operational efficiencies and performance. As these laws continue to evolve and if we expand to more jurisdictions or acquire new businesses, compliance will become more complex and expensive, and the risk of non-compliance will increase.

Compliance with complex foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that apply to our international operations increases our cost of doing business abroad, and violation of these laws or regulations may interfere with our ability to offer our tests and services competitively in one or more countries, expose us or our employees to fines and penalties, and result in the limitation or prohibition of our conduct of business.time.

The potential loss or delayCompany’s additional sources of our large contracts or of multiple contracts could adversely affect our results.funds are also uncertain.

MostThe Company has three sources of our Discoveryfunds following the Business Disposals in addition to payments on the Excess Consideration Note. First, as part of the sale of the Clinical Business to siParadigm, the Company is to receive earn-out payments based on the revenues of siParadigm from the former customers of the Company’s Clinical Services clientsbusiness. Such earn-out payments are based on revenues generated in the 12 months following the closing of the sale of the Clinical Services business, and are to be paid over 24 months following such sale. No assurances can terminate our contracts uponbe given with respect to the amount and timing of such payments. The Company is also attempting to collect on certain accounts receivable it owns that were not sold to siParadigm or Buyer. The net amount of such accounts receivable as of June 30, 2019 was approximately $2,100,000. No assurances can be given as to 90 days notice. These clients may delay, terminate or reduce the scopeamounts and timing of our contracts for a variety of reasons beyond our control, including but not limited to:collections on such accounts receivable.

decisionsFinally, the Company continues to forego or terminateown its Discovery Business through its vivoPharm subsidiary. For the first six months of 2019, the Discovery Business had a particular clinical trial;
lacknet loss of available financing, budgetary limits or changing priorities;
actions by regulatory authorities;
production problems resultings$0.5 million and had cash used in shortagesoperations of the drug being tested;
failure of products being tested$0.9 million. All vivoPharm revenues will have to be used to satisfy safety requirements or efficacy criteria;
unexpected or undesired clinical results for products;
shift of businessvivoPharm’s liabilities and obligations. No assurance can be given as to a competitor or internal resources; or
shut down of manufacturing facilities.whether the Discovery Business will ever generate sufficient positive cash flow so as to be able to pay dividends to the parent company, and support our corporate overhead.

As a result contract terminations, delaysof the Business Disposals, we no longer will be generating revenues at the parent company level. 

The Company’s business operations are more limited than prior to the sale of its Clinical Services business and alterationsthe foreclosure sale of its BioPharma Services business, and thus the costs of maintaining itself as a publicly traded corporation are proportionally higher and will be more burdensome to the Company going forward.

As a possible outcomepublic company, we have incurred and will continue to incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses. We are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the other rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, and the rules and regulations of The Nasdaq Stock Market, or Nasdaq. Compliance with the various reporting and other requirements applicable to public companies requires considerable time and attention of management. For example, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the rules of the SEC and national securities exchanges have imposed various requirements on public companies, including requiring establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls. Our management and other personnel are devoting and will continue to need to devote a substantial amount of time and money to these compliance obligations. The board may view these costs to be disproportionately expensive when viewed in light of our Discovery Services business. Inreduced operations following the Business Disposals.

As a result, our board of directors may elect to pursue a strategic transaction to attempt to expand the business and create additional value for shareholders, or in light of the time, costs and uncertainties inherent in seeking such a strategic transaction, and the costs in remaining as a public company, our board may decide to pursue a dissolution and liquidation of the Company. If our board of directors were to approve and recommend, and our stockholders were to approve, a dissolution and liquidation of the Company, we would be required under Delaware corporate law to pay our outstanding obligations, as well as to make reasonable provision for contingent and unknown obligations, prior to making any distributions in liquidation to our stockholders. Our commitments and contingent liabilities may include severance obligations related to the recent asset sales. As a result of this requirement, a portion of our assets may need to be reserved pending the resolution of such obligations. If a dissolution and liquidation were pursued, our board of directors, in consultation with its advisors, would need to evaluate these

matters and make a determination about a reasonable amount to reserve. Accordingly, holders of our common stock could lose all or a significant portion of their investment in the event of termination,a liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the company.

Management may have conflicts of interest.

Current management of the Company, principally its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Company, including planning for the future direction of the Company after the Business Disposals. Such officers also are expected to enter into consulting agreements with IDXG (and, in the case of the Chief Executive Officer, siParadigm) pursuant to which they will assist in the transition of the Clinical Business and BioPharma Business to siParadigm and IDXG, as applicable. It is possible that the dual roles will create conflicts of interest for such officers with respect to allocation of their time and otherwise. No assurance can be given that the officers of the Company will have sufficient time and resources to properly direct the future operations of the Company, or that other conflicts of interest in their dual roles will not arise.

We are not currently in compliance with the continued listing requirements for the Nasdaq Capital Market. If we do not regain compliance and continue to meet the continued listing requirements, our contracts often providecommon stock may be delisted from the Nasdaq Capital Market, which could affect the market price and liquidity for fees for winding down the project, but these fees may not be sufficient for usour common stock and reduce our ability to maintain our margins, and termination may result in lower resource utilization rates. In addition, we may not realize the full benefits of our backlog of contractually committed services if our clients cancel, delay or reduce their commitments under our contracts with them, which may occur if, among other things, a client decides to shift its business to a competitor or revoke our status as a preferred provider. Thus, the loss or delay of a large contract or the loss or delay of multiple contracts could adversely affect our revenues and profitability. We believe the risk of loss or delay of multiple contracts potentially has greater effect where we are party to broader partnering arrangements with global biopharmaceutical companies.raise additional capital.

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market. In order to maintain that listing, we must satisfy minimum financial results mayand other requirements including, without limitation, a requirement that our closing bid price be adversely affectedat least $1.00 per share and that we hold an annual meeting of stockholders within twelve months of the end of our fiscal year. In addition, on January 29, 2019, the Company received written notice from the Listing Qualifications Staff of The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”) notifying the Company that it was required to seek stockholder approval of the execution of the NDX Credit Agreement, under which the Company was advanced $1,500,000, the outstanding balance of which, including interest, is convertible, at the option of NDX, into shares of common stock at a conversion price of $0.606 per share, due to the potential for the Company, upon a conversion of such outstanding balance, with interest, to be required to issue common stock at a discount to the market price of the common stock on the day of execution of such agreement in excess of 20% of the pre-transaction outstanding shares of common stock, pursuant to Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(d) (the “Approval Requirement”). On January 3, 2019, we received written notice from the Listing Qualifications Staff Nasdaq notifying us that we no longer comply with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5620(a) due to our failure to hold an annual meeting of stockholders within twelve months of the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2017 (the “Annual Meeting Requirement”).

We submitted a plan to regain compliance with the Approval Requirement and Annual Meeting Requirement to Nasdaq, which plans were approved on May 15, 2019, subject to our holding our annual meeting by May 31, 2019 and the Company’s stockholders approving the potential issuances to NDX at the annual meeting. As a result of the annual meeting being held on May 31, 2019 and the stockholders approving such issuances, Nasdaq notified the Company on June 3, 2019 that the Company had regained compliance with the Approval Requirement and Annual Meeting Requirement, and the matters were closed.

However, on November 13, 2018, we received a written notice from Nasdaq indicating that we were not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market. We had 180 calendar days in which to regain compliance, or until May 13, 2019, which we did not do. On May 15, 2019, Nasdaq granted us an additional 180 days within which to regain compliance.

We intend to monitor the closing bid price of our common stock and consider our available options to resolve our noncompliance with the minimum bid price requirement. To that end, at our 2019 annual meeting of stockholders held on May 31, 2019, our stockholders voted to approve an amendment to the Company’s certificate of incorporation to effect a reverse stock split of common stock, at a ratio in the range from 5-for-1 to 30-for-1, with such specific ratio to be determined by the Company’s board of directors. There can be no assurance that we will be able to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement, or maintain compliance even if we underprice our contracts, overrun our cost estimates or fail to receive approval for or experience delays in documenting change orders.

Most of our Discovery Services contracts are either fee for service contracts or fixed-fee contracts. Our past financial results have been, and our future financial results may be, adversely impacted if we initially underprice our contracts or otherwise overrun our cost estimates and are unable to successfully negotiateeffect a change order. Change orders typically occur when the scope of work we perform needs to be modified from that originally contemplated by our contract with the client. Modifications can occur, for example, when there is a change in a key clinical trial assumption or parameter or a significant change in timing. Where we are not successful in converting out-of-scope work into change orders under our current contracts, we bear the cost of the additional work. Such underpricing, significant cost overruns or delay in documentation of change orders could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.reverse stock split.

If we fail to performregain compliance with the minimum bid requirement or to meet the other applicable continued listing requirements for the Nasdaq Capital Market in the future and Nasdaq determines to delist our services in accordance with contractual requirements, regulatory standardscommon stock, the delisting could adversely affect the market price and ethical considerations, we could be subject to significant costs or liability and our reputation could be harmed.

In connection with our Discovery Services business, we contract with biopharmaceutical companies to provide specialized services to assist them in planning and conducting unique, specialized studies to guide drug discovery and development programs with a concentration in oncology and immuno-oncology. Our services include monitoring clinical trials, data and laboratory analysis, electronic data capture and other related services. Such services are complex and subject to contractual requirements, regulatory standards and ethical considerations. If we fail to perform our services in accordance with these

requirements, regulatory agencies may take action against us for failure to comply with applicable regulations governing clinical trials. Clients may also bring claims against us for breachliquidity of our contractual obligations. Any such action could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial conditioncommon stock and reputation.

Such consequences could arise if, among other things, the following occur:

Improper performance of our services. The performance of clinical development services is complex and time-consuming. For example, we may make mistakes in conducting a clinical trial that could negatively impact or obviate the usefulness of the clinical trial or cause the results of the clinical trial to be reported improperly. If the clinical trial results are compromised, we could be subject to significant costs or liability, which could have an adverse impact onreduce our ability to performraise additional capital. In addition, if our services. As examples:

non-compliance generally could resultcommon stock is delisted from Nasdaq and the trading price remains below $5.00 per share, trading in our common stock might also become subject to the terminationrequirements of ongoing clinical trials or sales and marketing projects or the disqualification of data for submission to regulatory authorities;
compromise of data from a particular clinical trial, such as failure to verify that informed consent was obtained from patients, could require us to repeat the clinical trialcertain rules promulgated under the terms of our contract at no further cost to our client, but at a substantial cost to us; and
breach of a contractual term could result in liability for damages or termination of the contract.

While we endeavor to contractually limit our exposure to such risks, improper performance of our services could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, damage our reputation and result in the cancellation of current contractsExchange Act, which require additional disclosure by or failure to obtain future contracts from the affected client or other clients.

Investigation of clients. From time to time, one or more of our clients are audited or investigated by regulatory authorities or enforcement agencies with respect to regulatory compliance of their clinical trials, programs or the marketing and sale of their drugs. In these situations, we have often provided services to our clients with respect to the clinical trials, programs or activities being audited or investigated, and we are called upon to respond to requests for information by the authorities and agencies. There is a risk that either our clients or regulatory authorities could claim that we performed our services improperly or that we are responsible for clinical trial or program compliance. If our clients or regulatory authorities make such claims against us and prove them, we could be subject to damages, fines or penalties. In addition, negative publicity regarding regulatory compliance of our clients’ clinical trials, programs or drugs could have an adverse effect on our business and reputation.

Security breaches and unauthorized use of our IT systems and information, or the IT systems or information in the possession of our vendors, could expose us, our clients, our data suppliers or others to risk of loss.

We rely upon the security of our computer and communications systems infrastructure to protect us from cyberattacks and unauthorized access. Cyberattacks can include malware, computer viruses, hacking or other significant disruption of our computer, communications and related systems. Although we take steps to manage and avoid these risks and to prevent their recurrence, our preventive and remedial actions may not be successful. Such attacks, whether successful or unsuccessful, could result in our incurring costs related to, for example, rebuilding internal systems, defending against litigation, responding to regulatory inquiries or actions, paying damages or fines, or taking other remedial steps with respect to third parties. Publicity about vulnerabilities and attempted or successful incursions could damage our reputation with clients and data suppliers and reduce demand for our services.

We also store proprietary and sensitive informationbroker-dealers in connection with our business, which could be compromised byany trade involving a cyberattack. To the extent that any disruption or security breach results in a loss or damage to our data, an inappropriate disclosure of proprietary or sensitive information, an inability to access data sources, or an inability to process data or provide our offerings to our clients, it could cause significant damage to our reputation, affect our relationships with our data suppliers and clients (including loss of suppliers and clients), lead to claims against us and ultimately harm our business. We may be required to incur significant costs to alleviate, remedy or protect against damage caused by these disruptions or security breaches in the future. We may also face inquiry or increased scrutiny from government agenciesstock defined as a result“penny stock” (generally, any equity security not listed on a national securities exchange or quoted on Nasdaq that has a market price of any such disruption or breach. While we have insurance coverage for certain instances of a cyber security breach, our coverage may not be sufficient if we suffer a significant attack or multiple attacks. Any such breach or disruption could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and our reputation as a provider of mission-critical services.

Some of our vendors have significant responsibility for the security of certain of our data centers and computer-based platforms. Also, our data suppliers have responsibility for security of their own computer and communications environments. These third parties face risks relating to cyber security similar to ours, which could disrupt their businesses and therefore materially impact ours. Accordingly, we areless than $5.00 per share, subject to any flaw in or breaches to their computer and communications systems

or those that they operate for us, which could result in a material adverse effect on our business, operations and financial results.

Current and proposed laws and regulations regarding the protection of personal data could result in increased risks of liability or increased cost to us or could limit our service offerings.

The confidentiality, collection, use and disclosure of personal data, including clinical trial patient-specific information, are subject to governmental regulation generally in the country that the personal data were collected or used. For example, United States federal regulations under Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (“HIPAA”) and as amended in 2014 by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (“HITECH”) Act, require individuals’ written authorization, in addition to any required informed consent, before Protected Health Information may be used for research. We are both directly and indirectly affected by the privacy provisions surrounding individual authorizations because many investigators with whom we are involved in clinical trials are directly subject to them as a HIPAA “covered entity” and because we obtain identifiable health information from third parties that are subject to such regulations. As there are some instances where we are a HIPAA “business associate” of a “covered entity,” we can also be directly liable for mishandling protected health information. Under HIPAA’s enforcement scheme, we can be subject to up to $1.5 million in annual civil penalties for each HIPAA violation.

In the EU personal data includes any information that relates to an identified or identifiable natural person with health information carrying additional obligations, including obtaining the explicit consent from the individual for collection, use or disclosure of the information. In addition, we are subject to EU rules with respect to cross-border transfers of such data out of the EU. The United States, the EU and its member states, and other countries where we have operations, such as Japan, South Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Russia and Singapore, continue to issue new privacy and data protection rules and regulations that relate to personal data and health information. Failure to comply with certain certification/registration and annual re-certification/registration provisions associated with these data protection and privacy regulations and rules in various jurisdictions, or to resolve any serious privacy complaints, could subject us to regulatory sanctions, criminal prosecution or civil liability. Federal, state and foreign governments are contemplating or have proposed or adopted additional legislation governing the collection, possession, use or dissemination of personal data, such as personal health information, and personal financial data as well as security breach notification rules for loss or theft of such data. Additional legislation or regulation of this type might, among other things, require us to implement new security measures and processes or bring within the legislation other personal data, each of which may require substantial expenditures or limit our ability to offer some of our services. Additionally, if we violate applicable laws, regulations or duties relating to the use, privacy or security of personal data, we could be subject to civil liability or criminal prosecution, be forced to alter our business practices and suffer reputational harm.exceptions).

Item 2.        Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds from Sales of Registered Securities

Not applicable.

Item 3.        Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4.        Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.        Other Information

Not applicable.Between July 24, 2019 and July 31, 2019, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,571,429 shares (the “Exchange Shares”) of common stock to Iliad in exchange for the return of $375,000 of principal amount of the Convertible Note to the Company. The Exchange Shares are not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) or any state securities laws. The Company has relied on the exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act by virtue of Section 3(a)(9) under the Securities Act.

Item 6.        Exhibits

See the Index to Exhibits following the signature page hereto, which Index to Exhibits is incorporated herein by reference.



SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
      Cancer Genetics, Inc.
      (Registrant)
    
Date: November 13, 2017/s/    Panna L. Sharma        
Panna L. Sharma
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: November 13, 2017August 19, 2019     /s/ John A. Roberts
      John A. Roberts
      
President and Chief OperatingExecutive Officer
(Principal FinancialExecutive Officer)
       
Date: November 13, 2017August 19, 2019     /s/ Igor GitelmanM. Glenn Miles
      Igor GitelmanM. Glenn Miles
      
Chief AccountingFinancial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

INDEX TO EXHIBITS
 
Exhibit
No.
  Description
   
2.1***2.1 
4.1
   
10.1 
10.2
   
31.1  
  
31.2 
  
32.1  
  
32.2 
  
101  
The following materials from the Registrant’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2019, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 (unaudited) and December 31, 2016,2018, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive Loss for the three and ninesix month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 20162018 (unaudited), (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 (unaudited), (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ninesix month periods ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172019 and 20162018 (unaudited) and (iv)(v) Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)
   
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
***The schedules and exhibits to the Stock Purchase Agreement have been omitted from this filing pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Cancer Genetics agrees to furnish as a supplement a copy of any omitted schedules or exhibits to the Stock Purchase Agreement to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request, provided that Cancer Genetics may request confidential treatment for any schedule or exhibit so furnished.
 



3641