SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549


FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended
June 30, 20182019
  
OR
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from               to            

Commission File Number 001-33166
algtheaderq417a07.jpg
Allegiant Travel CompanyCompany
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Nevada20-4745737
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)(IRS Employer Identification No.)
  
1201 North Town Center Drive 
Las Vegas,Nevada89144
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (702) (702) 851-7300


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, par value $.001ALGTNASDAQ Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yesý  No o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yesý  No o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerx
Accelerated filero
  
Non-accelerated filero
Smaller reporting companyo
  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Emerging growth companyo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  o


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes  o  Noý


The numberAs of July 15, 2019, the registrant had 16,306,083 shares of the registrant’s common stock, outstanding as of the close of business on August 1, 2018 was 16,163,533.$.001 par value per share, outstanding.






Allegiant Travel Company
Form 10-Q
Table of Contents


PART I.FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
   
ITEM 1.
   
ITEM 2.
   
ITEM 3.
   
ITEM 4.
   
PART II.OTHER INFORMATION 
   
ITEM 1.
   
ITEM 1A.
   
ITEM 2.
   
ITEM 3.
   
ITEM 4.
   
ITEM 5.
   
ITEM 6.
   
 




PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements


ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands)


June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
(unaudited)  (unaudited)  
CURRENT ASSETS      
Cash and cash equivalents$28,981
 $59,449
$453,852
 $81,520
Restricted cash13,253
 11,190
14,318
 14,391
Short-term investments343,180
 352,681
216,746
 314,464
Accounts receivable24,184
 71,057
36,100
 36,014
Expendable parts, supplies and fuel, net20,419
 17,647
25,131
 19,516
Prepaid expenses34,447
 23,931
Other current assets829
 5,320
Prepaid expenses and other current assets34,100
 29,343
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS465,293
 541,275
780,247
 495,248
Property and equipment, net1,746,707
 1,512,415
2,019,774
 1,847,268
Long-term investments56,358
 78,570
24,704
 51,526
Deferred major maintenance, net36,957
 31,326
89,868
 67,873
Operating lease right-of-use assets, net22,233
 
Deposits and other assets20,190
 16,571
45,374
 36,753
TOTAL ASSETS:$2,325,505
 $2,180,157
$2,982,200
 $2,498,668
CURRENT LIABILITIES      
Accounts payable$27,473
 $20,108
$32,097
 $27,452
Accrued liabilities124,326
 105,127
147,483
 122,027
Air traffic liability236,932
 204,299
267,050
 212,230
Current maturities of long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of related costs144,392
 214,761
Current maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of related costs160,523
 152,287
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES533,123
 544,295
607,153
 513,996
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current maturities and related costs992,322
 950,131
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current maturities and related costs1,338,734
 1,119,446
Deferred income taxes144,254
 119,013
199,689
 164,027
Other noncurrent liabilities11,138
 13,407
32,115
 10,878
TOTAL LIABILITIES:1,680,837
 1,626,846
2,177,691
 1,808,347
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY      
Common stock, par value $.00123
 23
23
 23
Treasury stock(607,025) (605,655)
Treasury shares(605,115) (605,037)
Additional paid in capital263,034
 253,840
280,783
 270,935
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net(2,473) (2,840)(4) (661)
Retained earnings991,109
 907,943
1,128,822
 1,025,061
TOTAL EQUITY:644,668
 553,311
804,509
 690,321
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:$2,325,505
 $2,180,157
$2,982,200
 $2,498,668
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
 (unaudited)


Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
OPERATING REVENUE:       
Passenger revenue$405,572
 $367,250
 $802,343
 $715,086
OPERATING REVENUES:       
Passenger$454,779
 $405,572
 $874,755
 $802,343
Third party products17,799

14,304
 28,124
 27,046
18,208

17,799
 35,350
 28,124
Fixed fee contract revenue7,653
 11,029
 18,209
 22,289
Other revenue5,756
 9,261
 13,548
 17,434
Total operating revenue436,780
 401,844
 862,224
 781,855
Fixed fee contracts12,487
 7,653
 23,061
 18,209
Other6,285
 5,756
 10,215
 13,548
Total operating revenues491,759
 436,780
 943,381
 862,224
OPERATING EXPENSES:              
Salary and benefits113,592
 101,645
 233,003
 214,608
Aircraft fuel122,454
 85,387
 228,481
 170,049
119,987
 122,454
 219,670
 228,481
Salary and benefits101,645
 92,221
 214,608
 188,519
Station operations41,553
 38,998
 79,137
 70,830
45,870
 41,553
 84,835
 79,137
Maintenance and repairs24,611
 28,645
 43,881
 58,740
20,877
 24,611
 43,701
 43,881
Depreciation and amortization29,833
 30,129
 57,983
 60,678
38,494
 29,833
 74,676
 57,983
Sales and marketing18,348
 13,492
 37,426
 26,822
20,540
 18,348
 41,466
 37,426
Aircraft lease rentals75
 2,400
 96
 2,564
Aircraft lease rental
 75
 
 96
Other24,039
 24,777
 46,422
 44,129
24,294
 24,039
 46,849
 46,422
Total operating expenses362,558
 316,049
 708,034
 622,331
383,654
 362,558
 744,200
 708,034
OPERATING INCOME74,222
 85,795
 154,190
 159,524
108,105
 74,222
 199,181
 154,190
OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE:       
OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSES:       
Interest expense13,156
 8,889
 25,880
 17,291
20,942
 13,251
 39,025
 26,158
Capitalized interest(1,038) (95) (2,541) (278)
Interest income(1,927) (1,475) (3,834) (2,739)(3,502) (1,927) (6,703) (3,834)
Loss on debt extinguishment
 
 3,677
 
Other, net(50) (493) (290) (854)(86) (50) 15
 (290)
Total other expense11,179
 6,921
 21,756
 13,698
Total other expenses16,316
 11,179
 33,473
 21,756
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES63,043
 78,874
 132,434
 145,826
91,789
 63,043
 165,708
 132,434
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES13,027
 29,836
 27,225
 54,437
21,246
 13,027
 38,041
 27,225
NET INCOME$50,016
 $49,038
 $105,209
 $91,389
$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Earnings per share to common shareholders:              
Basic$3.10
 $2.98
 $6.53
 $5.52
$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.85
 $6.53
Diluted$3.10
 $2.97
 $6.52
 $5.51
$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.84
 $6.52
Shares used for computation:              
Basic15,939
 16,198
 15,898
 16,290
16,063
 15,939
 16,037
 15,898
Diluted15,945
 16,220
 15,914
 16,317
16,069
 15,945
 16,050
 15,914
              
Cash dividends declared per share:$0.70
 $0.70
 $1.40
 $1.40
$0.70
 $0.70
 $1.40
 $1.40


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 
Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Net income$50,016
 $49,038
 $105,209
 $91,389
Other comprehensive income (loss): 
  
    
NET INCOME$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Other comprehensive income: 
  
    
Change in available for sale securities, net of tax113
 (2) (843) 222
177
 113
 654
 (843)
Foreign currency translation adjustments113
 (215) 214
 (298)9
 113
 3
 214
Change in derivatives, net of tax1,260
 (581) 996
 (1,085)
 1,260
 
��996
Total other comprehensive income (loss)1,486
 (798) 367
 (1,161)
Total other comprehensive income186
 1,486
 657
 367
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME$51,502
 $48,240
 $105,576
 $90,228
$70,729
 $51,502
 $128,324
 $105,576


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.




ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
 Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at March 31, 201916,284
 $23

$276,247

$(190)
$1,069,690

$(607,316)
$738,454
Share-based compensation6
 
 4,536
 
 
 
 4,536
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(5) 
 
 
 
 (730) (730)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan20
 
 
 
 
 2,931
 2,931
Cash dividends, $0.70 per share
 
 
 
 (11,411) 
 (11,411)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 186
 
 
 186
Net income
 
 
 
 70,543
 
 70,543
Balance at June 30, 201916,305
 $23
 $280,783
 $(4) $1,128,822
 $(605,115) $804,509

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at December 31, 201816,183
 $23
 $270,935
 $(661) $1,025,061
 $(605,037) $690,321
Share-based compensation124
 
 9,848
 
 
 
 9,848
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(22) 
 
 
 
 (3,009) (3,009)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan20
 
 
 
 
 2,931
 2,931
Cash dividends, $1.40 per share
 
 
 
 (22,805) 
 (22,805)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 657
 (551) 
 106
Net income
 
 
 
 127,667
 
 127,667
Cumulative effect of the New Lease Standard (see Note 5)
 
 
 
 (550) 
 (550)
Balance at June 30, 201916,305
 $23
 $280,783
 $(4) $1,128,822
 $(605,115) $804,509




 Three Months Ended June 30, 2018
       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at March 31, 201816,151
 $23
 $259,225
 $(3,959) $952,403
 $(607,888) $599,804
Share-based compensation
 
 3,809
 
 
 
 3,809
Issuance of common stock, net of forfeitures5
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(5) 
 
 
 
 (761) (761)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan10
 
 
 
 
 1,624
 1,624
Cash dividends, $0.70 per share
 
 
 
 (11,310) 
 (11,310)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 1,486
 
 
 1,486
Net income
 
 
 
 50,016
 
 50,016
Balance at June 30, 201816,161
 $23
 $263,034
 $(2,473) $991,109
 $(607,025) $644,668

 Six Months Ended June 30, 2018
       Accumulated      
 Common   Additional other     Total
 stock Par paid-in comprehensive Retained Treasury shareholders'
 outstanding value capital income (loss) earnings shares equity
Balance at December 31, 201716,066
 $23
 $253,840
 $(2,840) $907,943
 $(605,655) $553,311
Share-based compensation98
 
 9,194
 
 
 
 9,194
Issuance of common stock, net of forfeitures5
 
 
 
 
 
 
Shares repurchased by the Company and held as treasury shares(18) 
 
 
 
 (2,994) (2,994)
Stock issued under employee stock purchase plan10
 
 
 
 
 1,624
 1,624
Cash dividends, $1.40 per share
 
 
 
 (22,605) 
 (22,605)
Other comprehensive income
 
 
 367
 562
 
 929
Net income
 
 
 
 105,209
 
 105,209
Balance at June 30, 201816,161
 $23
 $263,034
 $(2,473) $991,109
 $(607,025) $644,668





The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.



ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)


Six Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2018 20172019 2018
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:      
Net income$105,209
 $91,389
$127,667
 $105,209
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization57,983
 60,678
74,676
 57,983
(Gain) loss on aircraft and other equipment disposals(1,491) 4,901
Provision for obsolescence of expendable parts, supplies and fuel493
 1,753
Amortization of deferred financing costs744
 775
Gain on aircraft and other equipment disposals(8,294) (1,491)
Share-based compensation expense6,106
 7,249
9,128
 6,106
Deferred income taxes25,241
 52,153
35,634
 25,241
Other adjustments5,199
 1,237
Changes in certain assets and liabilities:      
Decrease in accounts receivable46,873
 16,572
Increase in prepaid expenses(10,516) (9,476)
Increase in accounts payable7,631
 2,263
Increase in accrued liabilities20,859
 10,382
Increase in air traffic liability32,633
 42,394
Change in deferred major maintenance(7,841) (14,331)
Other, net(689) (3,782)
Accounts receivable(86) 46,873
Prepaid expenses(4,257) (10,516)
Accounts payable4,449
 7,631
Accrued liabilities14,681
 20,859
Air traffic liability54,820
 32,633
Deferred major maintenance(31,591) (7,841)
Other assets/liabilities(4,514) (689)
Net cash provided by operating activities283,235
 262,920
277,512
 283,235
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:      
Purchase of investment securities(168,923) (242,895)(130,627) (168,923)
Proceeds from maturities of investment securities199,294
 154,334
258,076
 199,294
Aircraft pre-delivery deposits
 (63,468)
Purchase of property and equipment, including capitalized interest(187,456) (118,846)(234,469) (187,456)
Other investing activities(1,468) 1,352
10,201
 (1,468)
Net cash used in investing activities(158,553) (269,523)(96,819) (158,553)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:      
Cash dividends paid to shareholders(22,605) (23,204)(22,805) (22,605)
Proceeds from the issuance of debt10,797
 134,540
770,435
 10,797
Repurchase of common stock(2,994) (84,940)
Principal payments on debt and capital lease obligations(142,399) (64,876)
Principal payments on debt and finance lease obligations(522,616) (142,399)
Debt issuance costs(30,759) (409)
Other financing activities4,114
 188
(2,689) 1,529
Net cash used in financing activities(153,087) (38,292)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities191,566
 (153,087)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(28,405) (44,895)372,259
 (28,405)
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD70,639
 76,358
95,911
 70,639
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF PERIOD$42,234
 $31,463
$468,170
 $42,234
      
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:   
CASH PAYMENTS FOR:   
CASH PAYMENTS (RECEIPTS) FOR:   
Interest paid, net of amount capitalized$24,370
 $16,001
$36,886
 $24,370
Income taxes paid, net of (refunds)$(41,284) $(13,967)
Income tax refunds(3,340) (41,284)
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NONCASH TRANSACTIONS:   
Property capitalized under operating leases23,320
 
Flight equipment acquired under finance leases
 102,609





The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the consolidated balance sheets:
 As of June 30,
 2018 2017
CURRENT ASSETS:  

Cash and cash equivalents$28,981
 $20,040
Restricted cash13,253
 11,423
TOTAL CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH$42,234
 $31,463


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.






ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(unaudited)


Note 1 — Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


Basis of Presentation


The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Allegiant Travel Company (the “Company”) and its majority-owned operating subsidiaries. The Company has no independent operations, and all guarantees ofCompany's investments in unconsolidated affiliates, which are 50 percent or less owned, are accounted for under the Company's publicly held debt are full and unconditional and joint and several. Any subsidiaries of the parent company other than the subsidiary guarantors are minor.equity or cost method. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.


These unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments which management believes are necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of the Company for the respective periods presented. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year financial statements to conform to classifications used in the current year. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission for Form 10-Q. These unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company and notes thereto included in the annual report of the Company on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from these estimates.


Recent Accounting Pronouncements


Recently Adopted Standards Effective in Future Years


In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2016-02, related to leases.Leases (Topic 842), (the "New Lease Standard"). This standard will requirerequires leases, with durations greaterother than twelve monthsshort-term, to be recognized on the balance sheet as a lease liability and a corresponding right-of-use asset,asset.

Lease payments include fixed payments, variable payments based on an index or rate, reasonably certain purchase options, termination penalties, and others as required by the standard. Lease payments do not include variable lease payments other than those that depend on an index or rate, any guarantee by the lessee of the lessor’s debt, or any amount allocated to non-lease components. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted. Theand the Company will adopt this standard effectiveadopted the New Lease Standard as of January 1, 2019. The Company hasalso elected the package of practical expedients, which among other things, does not completed the assessmentrequire reassessment of this new standard and believes adoption will have a significant impact on its consolidated balance sheets but is not expected to significantly change the recognition, measurement or presentation of associated expenses within the consolidated statements of income or cash flows.lease classification.


Recently Adopted Standards

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, which amends the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 230 on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2018.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220)." This standard provides an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") to retained earnings. The Company adopted this standard effective January 1, 2018 and a one-time effect of $0.6 million was reclassified from AOCI to retained earningsNew Lease Standard using the modified retrospective transition approach as of June 30, 2018the effective date as a result of this adoption.

In 2014,permitted by the FASB issuedamendments in ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers2018-11, "Targeted Improvements - Leases (Topic 606), (the "New Revenue Standard")842)." Under this ASU and subsequently issued amendments, revenuemethod, the cumulative effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings is recognized at the timeadoption date. As a goodresult, the Company was not required to adjust its comparative period financial information for effects of the standard or service is transferred to a customermake the new required lease disclosures for the amount of consideration received. Entities may use a full retrospective approach or report the cumulative effect as ofperiods before the date of adoption. adoption on January 1, 2019.

The Company adoptedCompany's consolidated balance sheet was affected by this standard, usingbut the full retrospective transition method effectiveconsolidated statement of income and liquidity were not significantly impacted. The most significant change to the consolidated balance sheet upon adoption on January 1, 2018 and recast prior year results. See Note 2, "Revenue Recognition" for more information on the financial impact of this adoption.



Under the New Revenue Standard, revenue for all air-related ancillary fees that are directly related2019 relates to ticket revenue, such as seat fees and baggage fees, are no longer considered distinct performance obligations separate from passenger travel and are reclassified into passenger revenue. These are deemed part of the single performance obligation of providing passenger transportation. While the adoption of the New Revenue Standard did not have a significant effect on earnings, $167.6 million and $322.3 million of air-related ancillary fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, respectively, are now classified as passenger revenue.

The adoption of the New Revenue Standard resulted in a net reduction to air traffic liability at December 31, 2017 of $5.9 million. This change resulted from the recognition of breakage revenue on issuancenew right-of-use (ROU) assets of credit vouchers that are expected to expire unused. In addition, recognition$18.0 million and operating liabilities of revenues$19.1 million. The Company's accounting for fees associated with flight changes or cancellations are now deferred rather than being recognized at the time the fee is incurred. The Company recognizes revenue from the co-brand credit card program on the deferral method.finance leases remains substantially unchanged.


Bank of America has issued The Allegiant World Mastercard® in which points are earned and awarded to cardholders in exchangeSee Note 5, "Leases," for consideration received under an agreement with a seven year scheduled duration expiring in 2023. Under this arrangement, the Company identified the following deliverables: travel points to be awarded (the travel component), use of the Company’s brand and access to its member lists, and certain other advertising and marketing elements (collectively the marketing component). Consideration received from the Company’s co-brand agreement is allocated between the two components based on the relative selling price of each deliverable. The Company applies a level of management judgment and estimation in determining the best estimate of selling price for each deliverable by considering multiple inputs and methods including, but not limited to, the redemption value of points awarded, discounted cash flows, brand value, volume discounts, published selling prices, number of points to be awarded and number of points to be redeemed.more information.


Note 2 — Revenue Recognition


Certain prior period amounts have been recast to conform to the adoption of the New Revenue Standard as shown in the tables below.

    Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
(in thousands, except per share As Previously Reported Current Presentation As Previously Reported Current Presentation
 data) Adjustments Adjustments
Income Statement:        
   Passenger revenue (1) $220,615
$146,635
$367,250
 $432,713
$282,373
$715,086
Air-related charges 145,405
(145,405)
 276,970
(276,970)
Sales and marketing 12,861
631
13,492
 22,859
3,963
26,822
   Income tax provision 29,800
36
29,836
 54,279
158
54,437
   Net income 48,475
563
49,038
 90,107
1,282
91,389
   Diluted earnings per share $2.94
$0.03
$2.97
 $5.43
$0.08
$5.51
(1) Passenger revenue previously reported as Scheduled service revenue.
  December 31, 2017
   As Previously        Current
(in thousands)  ReportedAdjustments   Presentation
Balance Sheet:    
   Air traffic liability $210,184
$(5,885)$204,299
   Deferred income taxes 118,492
521
119,013
   Retained earnings 902,579
5,364
907,943

Passenger Revenue


Passenger revenue is the most significant category in our reported operating revenues. Passenger revenue is primarily composed of scheduled service revenue (including passenger ticket sales and credit voucher breakage,breakage), revenue from ancillary air-related charges (including seat fees, baggage fees, and other travel-related services performed in conjunction with a passenger’s flight,flight), as well as co-brand credit card point redemptions, as outlined below:


 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2019 2018 2019 2018
Scheduled service$237,685
 $235,746
 $472,456
 $474,267
Ancillary air-related charges213,527
 167,630
 395,227
 322,347
Co-brand redemptions3,567
 2,196
 7,072
 5,729
Total passenger revenue$454,779
 $405,572
 $874,755
 $802,343

 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2018 2017 2018 2017
Scheduled service$235,746
 $220,811
 $474,267
 $435,075
Air-related ancillary charges167,630
 145,887
 322,347
 279,111
Co-brand redemptions2,196
 552
 5,729
 900
Total passenger revenue$405,572
 $367,250
 $802,343
 $715,086


Scheduled service

Passenger tickets. The Company provides scheduled air transportation on limited-frequency, nonstop flights predominantly between under-served cities and popular leisure destinations. Sales of passenger tickets not yet flown are recorded in air traffic liability. Passenger revenue is recognized when transportation is provided or when ticket voucher breakage occurs.occurs, to the extent different from estimated breakage.


The contract term of passenger tickets is 12twelve months and revenue associated with future travel will principally be recognized within this time frame. $187.8During the six months ended June 30, 2019, $204.8 million was recognized into passenger revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2018 that was recorded in the air traffic liability balance of $204.3$212.2 million at December 31, 2017.2018.

Credit voucher breakage. The Company estimates the value of vouchers that will expire unused and recognizes revenue at the time the credit voucher is issued.

Air-related

Air-related revenue is primarily composed of services performed in conjunction with a passenger's flight and include baggage fees, the use of the Company’s website to purchase scheduled service transportation, advance seat assignments, and other services. Revenue for these services is recognized when the related transportation service is provided. Prior to the adoption of the New Revenue Standard, the majority of these fees were classified separately as Air-related ancillary charges.


Co-brand redemptionredemptions


In relation to the travel component of the contract with Bank of America, the Company has a performance obligation to provide cardholders with points to be used for future travel award redemptions. Therefore, consideration received from Bank of America related to the travel component is deferred based on its relative selling price and is recognized into passenger revenue when the points are redeemed and the transportation is provided.


The following table presents the activity of the current and non-currentco-brand point liabilities (in thousands):liability as of the dates indicated:
 Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands)2019 2018
Balance at January 1$10,708
 $8,903
Points awarded (deferral of revenue)8,827
 6,898
Points redeemed (recognition of revenue)(7,072) (5,730)
Balance at June 30$12,463
 $10,071

 2018
Balance at January 1$8,903
Points awarded6,898
Points redeemed(5,730)
Balance at June 30$10,071


As of June 30, 2019 and 2018, $9.8 million and $6.9 million, respectively, of the current points liability is reflected in Accrued liabilities and represents our current estimate of revenue to be recognized in the next twelve months based on historical trends, with the remaining balance reflected in Other noncurrent liabilities expected to be recognized into revenue in periods thereafter. See below, Third Party Products revenue, for discussion of the marketing component.

Third Party Products

Third party products revenue is generated from the sale of hotel rooms, rental cars, ticket attractions and co-brand marketing revenue.

Revenue from the sale of hotel rooms, rental cars, and ticket attractions is recognized at the time the product is utilized, such as the time a purchased hotel room is occupied. The Company follows the accounting standards for principal versus agent revenue arrangements to determine the amount of revenue to be recognized for each element of a bundled sale involving air-related charges and third party products, in addition to airfare. Revenue from the sale of third party products is recorded net (treatment as an agent) of amounts paid to wholesale providers, travel agent commissions, and transaction costs.

Pursuant to the co-brand agreement with Bank of America, the Company has various performance obligations collectively referred to as the marketing component. These obligations consist of use of the Company’s brand and access to its member lists, and certain other advertising and marketing elements. The marketing component is recorded as third party products revenue in the period in which points are awarded to the credit card holders.

Fixed Fee Contract Revenue

Fixed fee contract revenue consists of agreements to provide charter service on a year-round and ad hoc basis. Fixed fee contract revenue is recognized when the transportation is provided.

Other Revenue

Other revenue is generated from leased aircraft, engines, and other miscellaneous sources. Lease revenue is recognized ratably over the lease term.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, reflected on the accompanying consolidated balance Sheets, primarily consist of amounts due from credit card companies associated with passenger revenue. These receivables are short-term, generally settled within a few days of sale. Bad debt expense, which occurs in the form of credit card chargebacks, was not material in any period presented.


Taxes and Fees

Various taxes and fees, assessed on the sale of tickets to customers, are collected by the Company serving as an agent, and remitted to taxing authorities. These taxes and fees are not included as revenue in the Company’s consolidated statements of income and are recorded as a liability until remitted to the appropriate taxing authority.




Note 3 — Property and Equipment


Property and equipment (in thousands):equipment:


(in thousands)As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Flight equipment, including pre-delivery deposits$2,089,440
 $1,905,157
Computer hardware and software149,354
 140,385
Land and buildings/leasehold improvements85,939
 85,925
Other property and equipment121,285
 89,778
Total property and equipment2,446,018
 2,221,245
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(426,244) (373,977)
Property and equipment, net$2,019,774
 $1,847,268

 As of June 30, 2018 As of December 31, 2017
Flight equipment, including pre-delivery deposits$1,785,184
 $1,539,433
Computer hardware and software131,661
 123,675
Other property and equipment151,802
 125,855
Total property and equipment2,068,647
 1,788,963
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(321,940) (276,548)
Property and equipment, net$1,746,707
 $1,512,415




Note 4 — Long-Term Debt


Long-term debt and capitalfinance lease obligations:

(in thousands)As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Fixed-rate debt and finance lease obligations due through 2029(1) (2)
$321,646
 $640,806
Variable-rate debt due through 20291,177,611
 630,927
Total long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of related costs1,499,257
 1,271,733
Less current maturities, net of related costs(1)
160,523
 152,287
Long-term debt and finance lease obligations, net of current maturities and related costs$1,338,734
 $1,119,446
    
Weighted average fixed-interest rate on debt4.7% 5.3%
Weighted average variable-interest rate on debt5.1% 4.2%

(1) As of June 30, 2019, and December 31, 2018, respectively, $80.1 million and $428.0 million of the Company's Unsecured Senior Notes were classified as long-term as management refinanced the borrowings on a long-term basis in February 2019, as discussed below. 
(2) Includes finance lease obligations (in thousands):secured by five aircraft.

 As of June 30, 2018 As of December 31, 2017
Fixed-rate debt and capital lease obligations due through 2030$577,452
 $465,462
Variable-rate debt due through 2027559,262
 699,430
Total long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of related costs1,136,714
 1,164,892
Less current maturities, net of related costs144,392
 214,761
Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, net of current maturities and related costs$992,322
 $950,131
    
Weighted average fixed-interest rate on debt5.4% 5.4%
Weighted average variable-interest rate on debt4.0% 3.3%


Maturities of long-term debt and capitalfinance lease obligations for the remainder of 20182019 and for the next fivefour years and thereafter, in the aggregate, are: remaining in 2018 - $92.5 million; 2019 - $555.4$168.1 million; 2020 - $103.5$138.9 million; 2021 - $76.6$133.4 million; 2022 - $49.2$113.9 million; 2023 - $100.9 million; and $259.5$844.1 million thereafter.


Secured DebtConsolidated Variable Interest Entity

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company borrowed $10.8 million under a loan agreement secured by various ground equipment. The notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.2 percent per year, payable in monthly installments over five years.

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility


In 2015,March 2019, the Company, through a wholly owned subsidiary, entered into agreements with a trust to borrow $44.0 million secured by one aircraft. The trust was funded on inception. These borrowings bear interest at a blended rate of 3.8 percent, payable in quarterly installments through April 2029, at which time the Company will have a purchase option at a fixed amount. As this transaction is a common control transaction, the Company, as the primary beneficiary, has measured and recorded the assets and liabilities at their carrying values, which were $39.1 million and $44.0 million, respectively, at the time of borrowing.

Senior Secured Revolving Credit Facility

The Company has a senior secured revolving credit facility under which it was entitledis able to borrow up to $56.0 million. In March 2018, the Company paid off the balance of the facility and amended it to increase the borrowing limit to $81.0 million. There was no balance under this facility as of June 30, 2019. The amended facility has a term of 24 months and is based on the value of Airbus A320 Series aircraft which the Company may choose to placeplaced in the collateral pool. There was no balance under this facilityAircraft remain in the collateral pool for up to two years, and, as of June 30, 2018.2019, there were four aircraft in the collateral pool.


See Note 10, "Subsequent Events,"

Secured Debt

In June 2019, the Company entered into an agreement to borrow $213.0 million secured by 23 aircraft. The borrowing bears interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR, and is payable in quarterly installments over five years. A portion of the proceeds was used for more informationthe prepayment of six existing debt agreements and the repayment of the outstanding balance on the senior secured revolving credit facility.


During the second quarter 2019, the Company borrowed a total of $63.4 million under multiple loan agreements secured by spare engines. The borrowings bear interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR, and are payable in quarterly installments, with terms ranging from seven to ten years.

Term Loan

In February 2019, the Company entered into a Credit and Guaranty Agreement (the “Term Loan”) to borrow $450.0 million, guaranteed by all of the Company's subsidiaries, excluding Sunseeker Resorts Inc. and its subsidiaries, and other insignificant subsidiaries (the "Term Loan Guarantors"). The Term Loan is secured by substantially all property and assets of the Company and the Term Loan Guarantors, excluding aircraft and aircraft engines, and excluding certain other assets. The Term Loan has a five-year term, bears interest based on LIBOR and provides for quarterly interest payments along with quarterly principal payments of $1.1 million through February 2024, at which time the Term Loan is due. The Term Loan may be prepaid at any time without penalty.

In connection with the Term Loan, the Company conducted a tender offer for its 5.5 percent senior unsecured obligation, as outlined below.

General Unsecured Senior Notes


In June 2014,Since December 2016 and until February 2019, the Company completed an offering of $300.0had outstanding $450.0 million aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured obligations (the "Notes") which will mature in July 2019. In December 2016, the Company completed an offering of an additional $150.0 million principal amount of these notes, which were issued at a price of 101.5 percent of the principal amount, plus accrued interest from July 15, 2016. The Notes bearbore interest at a rate of 5.5 percent per year payableand matured in cash semi-annually, on January 15thJuly 2019.

In connection with the Term Loan discussed above, the Company completed a tender offer in February 2019, whereby it purchased $347.9 million of the Notes, and July 15thincurred related debt extinguishment costs of each year.

$3.7 million. The indenture pursuantgoverning the Notes was amended to eliminate most of the restrictive covenants and certain events of default and amend certain other provisions applicable to the Notes. The $428.0 million net proceeds from the Term Loan were used to purchase the Notes, of which the Notes were issued includes operating and financial restrictions on the Company. These restrictions limit or restrict, among other things, the Company’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to (i) incur additional indebtedness; (ii) incur liens; (iii) make restricted payments (including paying dividends on, redeeming, repurchasing or retiring capital stock); (iv) make investments; and (v) consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of its assets. These covenants are subject to various exceptions and qualifications under the termsremaining $102.1 million outstanding at June 30, 2019 was paid at maturity in July 2019.

Construction Loan Agreement

In March 2019, Sunseeker Florida, Inc. (“SFI”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the indenture. AsCompany, entered into a Construction Loan Agreement with certain lenders affiliated with TPG Sixth Street Partners, LLC (the “Lender”). Under the Construction Loan Agreement, SFI may borrow up to $175.0 million (the “Loan”) to fund the construction of December 31, 2017 and June 30, 2018, the Company exceeded the consolidated total leverage ratio limit, which could affect the ability to make restricted payments in future periods after exhaustionPhase 1 of various exceptions. However, it is not expected thatSunseeker Resort -Charlotte Harbor (the “Project”). No amount has been drawn under this will have any impact on the restricted payments routinely made in the ordinary course of business. The calculation is made on a quarterly basis based on the trailing 12 months.



Capital Leases

The Company has capital lease obligations related to aircraft, which significantly impacted our recognized assets and liabilitiesagreement as of June 30, 2018, but did not result2019.

Under the Construction Loan Agreement, the Lender is to provide the final $175.0 million of funding for the Project, with initial funding to come from the Company. The loan is secured by the Project and, for a period of time, the surrounding land owned by SFI. The Company has guaranteed one-third of the debt, has agreed to bear responsibility under a Non-Recourse Carve-Out Guaranty, and has agreed to guarantee completion of the Project in any significant cash receipts or cash payments duringaccordance with approved plans and specifications. All of the quarter.shares in SFI are also pledged to secure the loan. The Loan bears interest based on LIBOR and matures in March 2023.


Note 5 — Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception and has lease agreements for office facilities, office equipment, certain airport and terminal facilities, and other space and assets. These commitments have remaining non-cancelable lease terms, with lease expirations which range from 2019 to 2036.

As a result of the New Lease Standard, certain real estate and property leases, and various other operating leases have been measured on the balance sheet with a lease liability and right-of-use asset ("ROU"). Airport terminal leases mostly include

variable lease payments outside of those based on a fixed index, and are therefore excluded from consideration. Accounting for finance leases is substantially unchanged.

ROU assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make scheduled lease payments. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized on the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The present value of lease payments is calculated using the incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement, which takes into consideration recent debt issuances as well as other applicable market data available.

Lease terms include options to extend when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Leases with a term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Additionally, lease and non-lease components are accounted for as a single lease component for real estate agreements.

In addition to operating leases, the Company leases certain aircraft and, as of June 30, 2019, had five aircraft under finance leases with remaining terms to 2029.

Lease Costs

The components of lease expense were as follows:

  Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
(in thousands)Classification on the Statements of IncomeJune 30, 2019 June 30, 2019
Finance lease costs:    
Amortization of assetsDepreciation and amortization$1,629
 $3,259
Interest on lease liabilitiesInterest expense1,326
 2,672
Operating lease costStation operations; Maintenance and repairs; Other operating expense805
 1,581
Variable lease costStation operations; Maintenance and repairs; Other operating expense2,703
 5,797
Total lease cost $6,463
 $13,309


Lease position as of June 30, 2019

The table below presents the lease-related assets and liabilities recorded on the balance sheet.


  As of
(in thousands)Classification on the Balance SheetJune 30, 2019
Assets  
Operating lease assetsOperating lease right-of-use assets, net$22,233
Finance lease assetsProperty and equipment, net114,924
Total lease assets $137,157
   
Liabilities  
Current  
OperatingAccrued liabilities$2,240
FinanceCurrent maturities of long-term debt and finance lease obligations7,499
Noncurrent  
OperatingOther noncurrent liabilities21,476
FinanceLong-term debt and finance lease obligations111,805
Total lease liabilities $143,020
   
Weighted-average remaining lease term  
Operating leases 9.3 years
Finance leases 10.4 years
Weighted-average discount rate  
Operating leases 4.2%
Finance leases 4.4%


Other Information

The table below presents supplemental cash flow information related to leases during the three and six months ended June 30, 2019.

 Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
(in thousands)June 30, 2019 June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities   
Operating cash flows for operating leases$643
 1,272
Operating cash flows for finance leases1,326
 2,672
Financing cash flows for finance leases1,824
 3,628


Maturities of Lease Liabilities

The table below indicates the future minimum payments of lease liabilities as of June 30, 2019.


(in thousands)Operating Leases Finance Leases
Remaining in 2019$1,586
 $6,300
20203,206
 12,600
20213,249
 12,600
20223,294
 11,095
20233,147
 10,500
Thereafter14,325
 103,459
Total lease payments28,807
 156,554
Less imputed interest(5,091) (37,250)
Total lease obligations23,716
 119,304
Less current obligations(2,240) (7,499)
Long-term lease obligations$21,476
 $111,805


The Company adopted the New Lease Standard on January 1, 2019 as noted above, and as required, the following disclosure is provided for periods prior to adoption. Future annual minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2018 were as follows:

(in thousands)Operating Leases Capital Leases
2019$8,102
 $12,600
20206,031
 12,600
20213,643
 12,600
20221,630
 11,095
20231,626
 10,500
Thereafter8,297
 103,458
Total lease payments$29,329
 162,853
Less imputed interest  (39,922)
Total lease obligations  122,931
Less current obligations  (7,336)
Long-term lease obligations  $115,595



Note 6 — Fair Value Measurements


The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received by selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants.


Accounting standards pertaining to fair value measurements establish a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; Level 2, defined as inputs other than Level 1 inputs that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.


The Company uses the market approach valuation technique to determine fair value for investment securities. The assets classified as Level 1 consist of money market funds for which original cost approximates fair value. The assets classified as Level 2 consist of commercial paper, municipal debt securities, federal agency debt securities, US Treasury Bonds, and corporate debt securities, which are valued using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources including transactions involving identical or comparable assets and models utilizing market observable inputs. The Company has no investment securities classified as Level 3.


For those assets classified as Level 2 that are not in active markets, the Company obtains fair value from pricing sources using quoted market prices for identical or comparable instruments, and uses pricing models which include all significant observable

inputs: maturity dates, issue dates, settlement dates, benchmark yields, reported trades, broker-dealer quotes, issue spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers and other market related data. These inputs are observable or can be derived from, or corroborated by, observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset.

The fair value of the Company's derivative instrument is determined using standard valuation models. The significant inputs used in these models are readily available in public markets or can be derived from observable market transactions and therefore have been classified as Level 2. Inputs used in these standard valuation models for derivative instruments include the applicable exchange and interest rates.



Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):basis:
As of June 30, 2018 As of December 31, 2017As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018
Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2
(in thousands)Total Level 1 Level 2 Total Level 1 Level 2
Cash equivalents                      
Money market funds$310,550
 $310,550
 $
 $43,281
 $43,281
 $
Commercial paper$9,952
 $
 $9,952
 $27,910
 $
 $27,910
110,429
 
 110,429
 29,138
 
 29,138
Municipal debt securities5,325
 
 5,325
 2,782
 
 2,782
2,408
 
 2,408
 
 
 
Money market funds115
 115
 
 1,297
 1,297
 
Federal agency debt securities950
 
 950
 
 
 
US Treasury bonds
 
 
 1,415
 
 1,415
Total cash equivalents15,392
 115
 15,277
 31,989
 1,297
 30,692
424,337
 310,550
 113,787
 73,834
 43,281
 30,553
Short-term 
  
    
  
  
 
  
    
  
  
Commercial paper141,091
 
 141,091
 108,678
 
 108,678
138,332
 
 138,332
 180,846
 
 180,846
Corporate debt securities116,804
 
 116,804
 107,878
 
 107,878
55,729
 
 55,729
 101,489
 
 101,489
Federal agency debt securities10,504
 
 10,504
 11,887
 
 11,887
Municipal debt securities53,143
 
 53,143
 101,290
 
 101,290
7,450
 
 7,450
 14,252
 
 14,252
Federal agency debt securities30,718
 
 30,718
 31,428
 
 31,428
US Treasury Bonds1,424
 
 1,424
 3,407
 
 3,407
US Treasury bonds4,731
 
 4,731
 5,990
 
 5,990
Total short-term343,180
 
 343,180
 352,681
 
 352,681
216,746
 
 216,746
 314,464
 
 314,464
Long-term 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
Corporate debt securities43,363
 
 43,363
 60,396
 
 60,396
20,367
 
 20,367
 37,334
 
 37,334
US Treasury bonds3,068
 
 3,068
 2,901
 
 2,901
Federal agency debt securities10,022
 
 10,022
 5,775
 
 5,775
1,269
 
 1,269
 11,291
 
 11,291
US Treasury Bonds2,973
 
 2,973
 2,994
 
 2,994
Derivative instruments21
 
 21
 282
 
 282
Municipal debt securities
 
 
 9,405
 
 9,405
Total long-term56,379
 
 56,379
 78,852
 
 78,852
24,704
 
 24,704
 51,526
 
 51,526
Total financial instruments$414,951
 $115
 $414,836
 $463,522
 $1,297
 $462,225
$665,787
 $310,550
 $355,237
 $439,824
 $43,281
 $396,543


The fair value of the Company’s publicly held long-term debt is determined based on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets; therefore, the Company has categorized its publicly held debt as Level 2. RemainingThe Company's remaining debt is not publicly held, and the Company has determined the estimated fair value of these notes to be Level 3, as certain inputs used to determine the fair value are unobservable and, therefore, could be sensitive to changes in inputs. The Company utilizes the discounted cash flow method to estimate the fair value of Level 3 debt.


Carrying value and estimated fair value of long-term debt, including current maturities and without reduction for related costs (in thousands):are as follows:


 As of June 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2018  
(in thousands)Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Hierarchy Level
Publicly held debt$102,090
 $102,154
 $450,463
 $451,026
 2
Non-publicly held debt1,303,593
 1,098,068
 703,372
 619,379
 3
Total long-term debt$1,405,683
 $1,200,222
 $1,153,835
 $1,070,405
  

 As of June 30, 2018 As of December 31, 2017  
 Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Carrying Value Estimated Fair Value Hierarchy Level
Publicly held debt$450,893
 $453,147
 $451,321
 $462,604
 2
Non-publicly held debt589,357
 526,887
 719,681
 660,065
 3
Total long-term debt$1,040,250
 $980,034
 $1,171,002
 $1,122,669
  


Due to the short-term nature, carrying amounts of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate fair value.


Note 6 — Shareholders’ Equity

The Company is authorized by the Board of Directors to acquire up to $100.0 million of its stock through open market purchases under its share repurchase program. As repurchase authority is used, the Board of Directors has, to date, authorized additional expenditures for share repurchases.


Share repurchases consisted of the following:

 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Shares repurchased (not in thousands) (1)None
 589,057
 None
 604,497
Average price per shareNA
 $142.16
 NA
 $142.66
Total (in thousands)None
 $83,740
 None
 $86,240
(1) Share amounts shown above include only open market repurchases and do not include shares withheld from employees for tax withholding obligations related to restricted stock vestings.

During the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company declared and paid recurring cash dividends of $1.40 per share, or $22.6 million.


Note 7 — Earnings per Share


Basic and diluted earnings per share are computed pursuant to the two-class method. Under this method, the Company attributes net income to two classes: common stock and unvested restricted stock. Unvested restricted stock awards granted to employees under the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan are considered participating securities as they receive non-forfeitable rights to cash dividends at the same rate as common stock.


Diluted net income per share is calculated using the more dilutive of the two methods. Under both methods, the exercise of employee stock options is assumed using the treasury stock method. The assumption of vesting of restricted stock, however, differs:


1.Assume vesting of restricted stock using the treasury stock method.


2.Assume unvested restricted stock awards are not vested, and allocate earnings to common shares and unvested restricted stock awards using the two-class method.


For the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively, the second method, which assumes unvested awards are not vested, was used in the computation because it was more dilutive than the first method.



The following table sets forth the computation of net income per share, on a basic and diluted basis, for the periods indicated (share count and dollar amounts other than per-share amounts in table are in thousands):


 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Basic:       
Net income$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Less net income allocated to participating securities(997) (659) (1,791) (1,427)
Net income attributable to common stock$69,546
 $49,357
 $125,876
 $103,782
Earnings per share, basic$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.85
 $6.53
Weighted-average shares outstanding16,063
 15,939
 16,037
 15,898
Diluted: 
  
  
  
Net income$70,543
 $50,016
 $127,667
 $105,209
Less net income allocated to participating securities(996) (658) (1,790) (1,425)
Net income attributable to common stock$69,547
 $49,358
 $125,877
 $103,784
Earnings per share, diluted$4.33
 $3.10
 $7.84
 $6.52
Weighted-average shares outstanding16,063
 15,939
 16,037
 15,898
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock39
 44
 39
 63
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under treasury stock method16,102
 15,983
 16,076
 15,961
Participating securities excluded under two-class method(33) (38) (26) (47)
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under two-class method16,069
 15,945
 16,050
 15,914

 Three Months Ended June 30, Six Months Ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Basic:       
Net income$50,016
 $49,038
 $105,209
 $91,389
Less net income allocated to participating securities(659) (789) (1,427) (1,482)
Net income attributable to common stock$49,357
 $48,249
 $103,782
 $89,907
Earnings per share, basic$3.10
 $2.98
 $6.53
 $5.52
Weighted-average shares outstanding15,939
 16,198
 15,898
 16,290
Diluted: 
  
  
  
Net income$50,016
 $49,038
 $105,209
 $91,389
Less net income allocated to participating securities(658) (789) (1,425) (1,480)
Net income attributable to common stock$49,358
 $48,249
 $103,784
 $89,909
Earnings per share, diluted$3.10
 $2.97
 $6.52
 $5.51
Weighted-average shares outstanding15,939
 16,198
 15,898
 16,290
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock44
 71
 63
 92
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under treasury stock method15,983
 16,269
 15,961
 16,382
Participating securities excluded under two-class method(38) (49) (47) (65)
Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding under two-class method15,945
 16,220
 15,914
 16,317


For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, anti-dilutive shares excluded from the calculation of earnings per share were 1,379 and 607 shares (not in thousands), respectively.


Note 8 — Commitments and Contingencies


As of June 30, 2018,2019, the Company had firm commitments to purchase 11nine Airbus A320 aircraft. In addition, the Company has entered into lease agreements for an additional 13 Airbus A320series aircraft three of which have been delivered and are in service, and one of which has been delivered but was not in service as of June 30, 2018. CFM engine.


The remaining nine aircraft are currently scheduled to be delivered in the second half of 2018 and first quarter of 2019.

Future minimum fixed payments for the Company's contractual purchase commitments related to the acquisitionconsist primarily of aircraft (including aircraft lease obligations), airport fees under use and lease agreements, and other operating lease obligationsengine acquisitions. The total future commitments are as follows as of June 30, 2018 (in thousands):follows:


(in thousands)As of June 30, 2019
Remaining in 2019$120,927
202033,800
2021500
202218,000
Total commitments$173,227

 As of June 30, 2018
Remaining in 2018$79,148
2019123,164
202067,422
202126,288
202223,569
Thereafter150,598
Total commitments$470,189



Contingencies


The Company is subject to certain legal and administrative actions it considers routine to its business activities. The Company believes the ultimate outcome of any pending legal or administrative matters will not have a material adverse impact on its financial position, liquidity or results of operations.


Note 9 — Related Party TransactionsSegments


DuringOperating segments are components of a company for which separate financial and operating information is regularly evaluated and reported to the threeChief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM"), and six months ended June 30, 2018,is used to allocate resources and analyze performance. The Company's CODM is the Company made no payments to related parties.

Entities owned or controlled byexecutive leadership team, which reviews information about the Company's Chairmanthree operating segments: the Airline, Sunseeker Resort, and CEO have been paidOther non-airline.

Airline Segment

The Airline segment operates as a single business unit and includes all scheduled service air transportation, ancillary air-related products and services, third party products and services, fixed fee contract air transportation and other airline-related revenue. The CODM evaluation includes, but is not limited to, route and flight profitability data, ancillary and third party product and service offering statistics, and fixed fee contract information when making resource allocation decisions with the goal of optimizing consolidated financial results.

Sunseeker Resort Segment

The Sunseeker Resort segment represents activity related to the development and construction of Sunseeker Resort in Southwest Florida, as well as the operation of Kingsway golf course. Plans for the buildingresort include a 500-room hotel and two towers offering an estimated 180 one, two and three bedroom suites, bar and restaurant options, and other amenities. The golf course is a short drive from the resort site and is considered, from a planning and strategic perspective, to be an additional resort amenity. The construction of corporate training content. DuringSunseeker Resort is an extension of the threeCompany's leisure travel focus and six months ended June 30, 2017,it is expected that many customers flying to Southwest Florida on Allegiant will elect to stay at this resort and enjoy its amenities.

Other non-Airline Segment

The other non-airline segment includes the Company made paymentsTeesnap golf course management solution and Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers. Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers are comprised of games, attractions, and food facilities.

Selected information for the Company's segments and the reconciliation to these entitiesthe consolidated financial statement amounts are as follows:



(in thousands)Airline Sunseeker Resort Other non- airline Consolidated
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019       
Operating revenue:       
    Passenger$454,779
 $
 $
 $454,779
    Third party products18,208
 
 
 18,208
    Fixed fee contract12,487
 
 
 12,487
    Other1,299
 373
 4,613
 6,285
Operating income (loss)115,546
 (1,695) (5,746) 108,105
Interest expense, net15,924
 478
 
 16,402
Depreciation and amortization36,890
 326
 1,278
 38,494
Capital expenditures98,128
 11,296
 2,494
 111,918
Three Months Ended June 30, 2018       
Operating revenue:       
    Passenger$405,572
 $
 $
 $405,572
    Third party products17,799
 
 
 17,799
    Fixed fee contract7,653
 
 
 7,653
    Other3,531
 
 2,225
 5,756
Operating income (loss)76,054
 (301) (1,531) 74,222
Interest expense, net11,229
 
 
 11,229
Depreciation and amortization29,405
 10
 418
 29,833
Capital expenditures106,360
 9,204
 2,725
 118,289
        
(in thousands)Airline Sunseeker Resort Other non- airline Consolidated
Six Months Ended June 30, 2019       
Operating revenue:       
    Passenger$874,755
 $
 $
 $874,755
    Third party products35,350
 
 
 35,350
    Fixed fee contract23,061
 
 
 23,061
    Other1,930
 1,275
 7,010
 10,215
Operating income (loss)214,035
 (2,917) (11,937) 199,181
Interest expense, net29,145
 636
 
 29,781
Depreciation and amortization72,119
 482
 2,075
 74,676
Capital expenditures207,048
 16,571
 10,850
 234,469
Six Months Ended June 30, 2018       
Operating revenue:       
    Passenger$802,343
 $
 $
 $802,343
    Third party products28,124
 
 
 28,124
    Fixed fee contract18,209
 
 
 18,209
    Other10,197
 
 3,351
 13,548
Operating income (loss)158,004
 (446) (3,368) 154,190
Interest expense, net22,046
 
 
 22,046
Depreciation and amortization57,172
 17
 794
 57,983
Capital expenditures165,934
 17,344
 4,178
 187,456










Total assets were as follows as of $0.2 million. No further payments are expected.the date indicated:

(in thousands)June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Airline$2,859,309
 $2,422,523
Sunseeker Resort80,895
 56,047
Other non-airline41,996
 20,098
Consolidated$2,982,200
 $2,498,668



Note 10 — Subsequent Events

In July 2018, the Company drew down $46.9 million under its senior secured revolving credit facility. The notes for the amounts borrowed under the facility bear interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR and are due on March 31, 2020.

Also in July 2018, the Company also borrowed $34.5 million under a loan agreement secured by one Airbus A320 series aircraft. The note bears interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR and will be payable in quarterly installments through July 2028. 

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations


The following discussion and analysis presents factors that had a material effect on our results of operations during the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017.2018. Also discussed is our financial position as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and our consolidated financial statements appearing in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements. Please refer to the section below entitled “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for a discussion of the uncertainties, risks and assumptions associated with these statements.


SECOND QUARTER REVIEW

Second Quarter 2019 Review
Highlights:


Achieved 23.7 percent airline operating margin, which represents a 6.2 percentage point increase year over year;
produced a 6.1 percent decrease in airline operating CASM excluding fuel;
recognized our second consecutive quarter of ancillary air-related revenue per passenger exceeding $50, with a total of $51.68 this quarter;
achieved industry leading controllable completion of more than 99.9% during the quarter;
improved A14 performance (flight arrival within 14 minutes of scheduled arrival) by 2.8 percentage points compared to 2018;
added two aircraft into service and expect an additional six to be added in the back half of 2019; and
announced 10 new routes, and began service on 35 routes previously announced.
Added 10 Airbus A320 series aircraft into service and retired five MD-80 aircraft during the quarter. We are on track to retire the remaining MD-80 aircraft by the end of November 2018;
realized a 10.4 percent increase in passenger revenue which offset higher fuel costs;
achieved a 5.0 percent decrease in CASM excluding fuel costs despite higher operational costs associated with the fleet transition; and
paid recurring cash dividends of $11.3 million during the quarter, $22.6 million year to date.


AIRCRAFT


The following table sets forth the aircraft in service and operated by us as of the dates indicated:


 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 June 30, 2017
MD-8027
 37
 45
B757-200
 
 2
A319 (1)31
 22
 20
A320 (2)35
 30
 21
Total93
 89
 88
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018 June 30, 2018
A31937
 32
 31
A320 (1)
49
 44
 35
MD-80
 
 27
Total86
 76
 93

(1) Does not include six A319four aircraft on lease to a European carrier as of June 30, 2018.
(2) Does not include seven A320 aircraft for which we have taken delivery, but were not yet in service as of June 30, 2018.2019.


As of June 30, 2018,2019, we had firm commitments to purchase 11 Airbus A320 series aircraft and had executed lease agreements for nine Airbus A320 series aircraft which have yet to be delivered.aircraft. We expect delivery of 10six of these aircraft in 20182019 and the remaining aircraft in 20192020 and 2020.2022. We continually consider aircraft acquisitions on an opportunistic basis.


Fleet Plan


The below table indicates the number of aircraft expected to be in service as of the dates indicated, based on currently scheduled additions to and retirements from, our operating fleet.


As of September 30, 2018 As of December 31, 2018As of September 30, 2019 As of December 31, 2019
MD-8019
 
A31931
 32
37
 38
A32044
 45
53
 55
Total94
 77
90
 93


NETWORK


As of June 30, 2018,2019, we were operating 413selling 459 routes verses 382versus 414 as of the same date last year, which represents an 8.1a 10.9 percent increase. Our total numbersnumber of origination cities and leisure destinations (for operating routes) were 9795 and 2126, respectively, as of June 30, 2018.2019. Based on our currently published schedule through May 2020, and service announcements and cancellations by other airlines as of June 30, 2019, we will have direct competition (which we consider to be similar non-stop service between markets) on approximately 100 routes as of that date.


We also
During the second quarter of 2019, we announced Knoxville, Tennessee as our 16th base, with base operations10 new routes including service into three new cities - Redmond, OR; State College, PA; and Traverse City, MI. These new routes are planned to begin service in November 2018.October 2019.


During the second quarter 2019, we also began service on 35 routes announced previously, including our inaugural scheduled flights to Anchorage, AK.

In April 2019, we filed an application with the U.S. Department of Transportation to offer scheduled service to Mexico. This is the first step in beginning to offer international service to our leisure travelers, with non-stop flights between the United States and Mexico.

TRENDS


As ourThe transition to an all-Airbus fleet transition continues we added 10 Airbus A320 seriesto produce positive operating results. Despite having an average of seven fewer aircraft to our operating fleetin service during the second quarter of2019 compared to 2018, scheduled service ASMs increased 13.6 percent on a 13.8 percent increase in departures, and scheduled service passengers increased 12.2 percent. We accomplished the increased capacity by increasing aircraft utilization (block hours per aircraft) by 20.5 percent compared to the second quarter 2018. Airbus aircraftWe were able to grow airline operating margin by 6.2 percentage points due, in large part, to reduced costs per ASM which were impacted significantly by an 8.1 percent increase in fuel efficiency.

During the second quarter, we flew 76.8more on off-peak days (32.8 percent of our scheduled service ASMs for the quarter were on Tuesdays, Wednesdays or Saturdays compared to 55.430.6 percent in the same quarter last year). This contributed to our profitability, but led to a small decline in unit revenue.

Additionally, we have led or tied for the same time periodindustry lead in 2017, which drove a 5.8 percent increase in fuel efficiency (measured as ASMs per gallon). We expect 11 more Airbus A320 series aircraft to be placed in service by the end of 2018 and to have fully retired the remaining 19 MD-80 aircraft by the end of 2018.

Although the number of aircraft in our fleet will decline by the endcontrollable completion factor for 16 of the year with the retirement of all of our MD-80 aircraft, we intend to continue increasing capacity through higher utilization rates on our Airbus fleet than we have on our MD-80 aircraft. Additionally, our Airbus fleet has more available seats, on average, than our MD-80 fleet. However, our capacity growth through the end of the 2018 year will be lower than in prior years as a result of our fleet transition.

Unexpected delayspast 18 months, including every month in the scheduled delivery timing of used Airbus A320 series aircraft caused operational disruptions during the summer of 2018, as the lack of available aircraft resulted in the reschedule or cancellation of many scheduled service flights. We believe we have been conservative in adding aircraft to our schedule when anticipating future deliveries of aircraft, but delays on certain aircraft deliveries and inductions during second quarter 2018 were unusual and beyond our ability to effectively fully recover our published schedule. In anticipation of known aircraft delivery and induction delays, we removed three lines of flying in late June and July to shore up the integrity of our operations. This will result in a reduced number of flights and reduced revenues during the periods impacted, but our completion percentage has improved.

In April 2018, CBS aired a 60 Minutes segment critical of our safety and the FAA oversight of our operations. We believe the report was misleading, misrepresented our safety culture at that time and now, and mostly ignored the substantial improvement in the reliability of our operations since the events reported. Our customers' reaction to this story appears to have been short-lived and cancellations and bookings returned to normal levels weeks later.

Planning and development for Sunseeker Resorts is ongoing. Construction is expected to begin in the secondfirst half of 2018, with the opening of the resort planned for 2020.2019, during which time we had only ten days that were affected by maintenance cancellations.

Our flight dispatchers voted for union representation by the International Brotherhood of Teamsters ("IBT") and negotiations began in February 2017. The dispatchers failed to ratify a tentative agreement reached in May 2018 and negotiations continue. There are approximately 40 employees in this operating group.


In March 2018, our maintenance technicians who represent approximately nine percent of our total employee base (approximately 340 employees), voted for union representation by the IBT. Negotiations for an agreement with this group are expected to begin in the near future.


In July 2018,2019, we announced the IBT announced thatevaluation of strategic alternatives for our pilots were supportiveTeesnap golf course management solution entity, which will trigger held-for-sale classification in the third quarter 2019.

The construction of a strike as a result of delays in our implementation of a new preferential bidding system for pilot flight assignments. We do not believe we are in violation of the collective bargaining agreement with our pilots in this regard, nor do we believe the pilots have a legal rightSunseeker Resort continues to strike because of this issue. As a result, we have filed suit against the IBT seeking to foreclose the possibility of a strike at this time.progress.

Our flight attendant group approved their collective bargaining agreement effective in December 2017.

Any labor actions whether following an inability to reach a collective bargaining agreement with any employee group or otherwise could impact our operations during the continuance of any such activity. Any labor agreement reached following negotiations would also likely increase our operating costs.


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


Comparison of three months ended June 30, 20182019 to three months ended June 30, 20172018


Operating Revenue


Passenger revenue. Passenger revenue now includes both scheduled service revenue and air-related ancillary revenue, due to the implementation of the New Revenue Standard. For the second quarter 2018,2019, passenger revenue increased 10.412.1 percent compared to 2017.second quarter 2018. The increase was driven primarily by a 10.113.8 percent increase in scheduled service departures, and a 1.0 percentage point increase in load factor, which resulted in 12.7a 12.2 percent moreincrease in scheduled service passengers traveling. Additional passengers resultedpassengers. The 13.5 percent increase in quarter-over-quarter increasesair-related ancillary average fare offset the decrease in scheduled service average fare. Increases in the customer convenience fee and baggage fees contributed to the increase in air-related ancillary unit revenue products such as convenience, baggage and seat fees.to $51.68 per passenger.


Third party products revenue. Third party productproducts revenue for the second quarter 20182019 increased 24.42.3 percent, overall compared to 2017, duethe same period in 2018. This is primarily tothe result of increased revenue from our co-branded credit card program, as well as an increase in net revenue from rental cars.


Fixed fee contract revenue. Fixed fee contract revenue for the second quarter 2018 decreased 30.62019 increased 63.2 percent from 2017.when compared to 2018. This was planned and expectedis primarily the result of a 61.0 percent increase in related departures, which is largely attributable to greater availability of spare aircraft due to less availability of aircraft for charter flying during our fleet transition.improved operations and an all-Airbus fleet.


Other revenue. Other revenue decreased $3.5increased by $0.5 million for the second quarter 2019 from 2018, due to increased revenue from 2017 primarilyour non-airline activities. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in aircraft lease revenue, as we had six aircraft which generatedon lease revenue fromto a European carrier during the second quarter 2017, had been delivered to us prior to the second quarter 2018.of 2018 and none during 2019.


Operating Expenses


We primarily evaluate our expense management by comparing our costs per passenger and per ASM across different periods, which enables us to assess trends in each expense category. The following table presents operating expenseunit costs on a per passengerASM basis, or CASM, for the indicated

periods. The table also presents operating expenseExcluding fuel on a per passenger, excluding fuel, a statistic which givesASM basis provides management and investors the ability to measure and monitor our cost performance absent fuel price volatility. Both the cost and availability of fuel are subject to many economic and political factors beyond our control.



Three Months Ended June 30, PercentThree Months Ended June 30, Percent
2018 2017 Change2019 2018 Change
Aircraft fuel$33.06
 $25.83
 28.0 %
Airline unitized costs     
Salary and benefits27.44
 27.89
 (1.6)$2.46
 $2.55
 (3.5)%
Station operations11.22
 11.80
 (4.9)1.03
 1.06
 (2.8)
Depreciation and amortization0.83
 0.75
 10.7
Maintenance and repairs6.64
 8.66
 (23.3)0.47
 0.63
 (25.4)
Depreciation and amortization8.05
 9.11
 (11.6)
Sales and marketing4.95
 4.08
 21.3
0.45
 0.47
 (4.3)
Aircraft lease rentals0.02
 0.73
 (97.3)
Other6.49
 7.49
 (13.4)0.41
 0.56
 (26.8)
Operating expense per passenger$97.87
 $95.59
 2.4 %
Operating expense per passenger, excluding fuel$64.81
 $69.76
 (7.1)%
Airline CASM, excluding fuel5.65

6.02

(6.1)
Aircraft fuel2.70
 3.12
 (13.5)
Airline CASM8.35

9.14

(8.6)
     
Airline CASM8.35

9.14

(8.6)
Non-airline operating CASM*0.28
 0.10
 180.0
Operating CASM (consolidated)8.63
 9.24
 (6.6)

The following table presents unit*Includes operating costs associated with Sunseeker Resort and other non-airline related activity. Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs but must be included to calculate total operating CASM. Total operating CASM is reported to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting total costs on a per ASM basis, or CASM, for the indicated periods. As on a per-passenger basis, excluding fuel on a per ASM basis provides managementbasis.

Salary and investors the ability to measurebenefits expense. Salary and monitor our cost performance absent fuel price volatility.

 Three Months Ended June 30, Percent
 2018 2017 Change
Aircraft fuel
3.12¢ 
2.38¢ 31.1 %
Salary and benefits2.59
 2.57
 0.8
Station operations1.06
 1.09
 (2.8)
Maintenance and repairs0.63
 0.80
 (21.3)
Depreciation and amortization0.76
 0.84
 (9.5)
Sales and marketing0.47
 0.38
 23.7
Aircraft lease rentals
 0.07
 (100.0)
Other0.61
 0.69
 (11.6)
CASM
9.24¢ 
8.82¢ 4.8 %
Operating CASM, excluding fuel
6.12¢ 
6.44¢ (5.0)%

Aircraft fuel expense. Aircraft fuelbenefits expense increased $37.1$11.9 million, or 43.411.8 percent, for the second quarter 20182019 when compared to 2017the same period in 2018. The increase is largely due to an 8.8 percent increase in full-time equivalent employees supporting a 12.6 percent increase in system block hours, and increased activity in our non-airline subsidiaries. Pilot salaries and wages per ASM decreased 6.9 percent for the quarter, due to improved pilot productivity efficiencies as we have transitioned to an all-Airbus fleet.

Aircraft fuel expense. Aircraft fuel expense decreased $2.5 million, or 2.0 percent, for the system average fuel cost per gallon increased by 39.2 percent, coupled withsecond quarter 2019 compared to second quarter 2018, despite a 3.34.9 percent increase in system fuel gallons consumed on a 9.413.4 percent increase in system ASMs. ASM growth outpaced fuel consumption as fuel efficiency (measured as ASMs per gallon) increased 5.88.1 percent year over year, due to increased flying on our Airbus aircrafttransition to an all-Airbus fleet which are significantly more fuel efficient than ourthe MD-80 aircraft.

Salary and benefits expense. Salary and benefits expense increased $9.4 million, or 10.2aircraft we operated before their retirement which concluded in November 2018. Also, system average fuel cost per gallon decreased 6.7 percent for the second quarter 2018 when comparedyear over year, further contributing to the same period last year. The increase is largely attributable to a 5.8 percent increaseoverall decrease in full-time equivalent employees. Additionally, in conjunction with the collective bargaining agreement with our flight attendants that went into effect in December 2017, flight attendant total salaries expense increased an average of 25 percent compared to 2017.aircraft fuel expense.


Station operations expense. Station operations expense for the second quarter 20182019 increased 6.6$4.3 million, or 10.4 percent, on a 10.113.8 percent increase in scheduled service departures. The increase in departures outpaced the increase in expense due to additional station incentives realized compared to the same period in 2017.2018.


Maintenance and repairs expense. Maintenance and repairs expense for the second quarter 20182019 decreased $4.0$3.7 million, or 14.115.2 percent, compared to the same period in 2017. The year-over-year decrease is largely2018 mostly due to fewer heavya decrease in non-major maintenance events performed on our MD-80 aircraft, as they are being systematically retired from our operating fleet. Additionally, theevents. The cost of major maintenance events for our Airbus aircraft is deferred in accordance with the deferral method of accounting and the amortization of these expenses is included in depreciation and amortization expense.


Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense for the second quarter 2018 remained relatively flat, with a 1.02019 increased 29.0 percent decrease year over year. The decrease is due to the impairment charge taken on our MD-80average number of Airbus aircraft in the fourth quarter 2017 as no depreciation expense for this fleet remains in the current quarter. Depreciation expense

related toservice increased 38.7 percent year over year. Further, the MD-80 aircraft and Boeing 757-200 aircraft (retiredfleet operating in late 2017) for the three months ended June 30, 20172018 was $4.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively.

The decrease in total depreciation and amortization expensefully depreciated prior to 2018. Amortization of major maintenance costs was offset by higher monthly depreciation expense associated with our Airbus aircraft, as we continue to add Airbus aircraft into service. Depreciation expense for this fleet was $19.8$6.1 million for the second quarter 20182019 compared to $13.7 million for the same period in 2017. Amortization of major maintenance costs under the deferral method of accounting for the Airbus aircraft was $2.6 million for the second quarter 2018, comparedwith increases expected to $1.6 million for the second quarter 2017.continue as our Airbus aircraft count and related deferred maintenance costs grow.


Sales and marketing expense. Sales and marketing expense for the second quarter 20182019 increased $4.9$2.2 million compared to the same period in 2017,2018, partly due to an increase in net credit card fees paid as a result of the 10.412.1 percent increase in passenger

revenue year over year. There were also increased expenses related to various marketing initiatives, including our national ad campaign, for our growing network.multi-year partnerships with the Vegas Golden Knights and Minor League Baseball.


Aircraft lease rentals expense. Aircraft lease rentals expense for the second quarter 2018 decreased $2.3 million compared to 2017 due to fewer sub-service flightsNon-airline expenses

Non-airline expenses are included in the current quarter.various line items discussed above, as appropriate. The non-airline expenses include those from our Teesnap golf management business, Kingsway golf course, Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers, and operating expenses attributable to Sunseeker Resort (most of the Sunseeker Resort expenses are being capitalized at this time). We do not currently have aircraft under operating leases.expect these expenses to increase with the growth in the number of family entertainment centers and the continued operation of Teesnap pending a possible sale.


Income Tax Expense


Our effective tax rate was 23.1 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to 20.7 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to 37.8 percent for the three months ended June 30, 2017.2018. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to the tax benefit from dissolution of foreign subsidiaries, offset by state taxes. While we expect our tax rate to be fairly consistent in the near term, it will vary depending on recurring items such as the amount of income we earn in each state and the state tax rate applicable to such income. Discrete items during interim periods may also affect our tax rates. We expect to be a non-cash taxpayer for federal income tax purposes for 2019.





Comparison of six months ended June 30, 20182019 to six months ended June 30, 20172018
 
Operating Revenue


Passenger revenue. Passenger revenue now includes both scheduled service revenue and air-related ancillary revenue, due to the implementation of the New Revenue Standard. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, passenger revenue increased 12.29.0 percent compared with 2017.2018. The increase was mostly attributable to a 9.89.5 percent increase in scheduled service departures, and a 1.9 percentage point increase in load factor, which resulted in 13.9an 8.5 percent moreincrease in scheduled service passengers traveling. Additional passengers resultedpassengers. Average total fare per passenger increased slightly during the six month period as the increase in year-to-date increases inair-related ancillary revenue products such asper passenger more than offset the decrease in scheduled service average fare. Increases in the customer convenience fee and baggage and seat fees.fees contributed to a 13.0 percent increase in air-related ancillary unit revenue to $52.32 per passenger.
Third party products revenue. Third party products revenue for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 increased 4.025.7 percent over the same period in 20172018. This is primarily due tothe result of increased revenue from our co-branded credit card program, as well as an increase in net revenue from rental cars. This was offset by revenue reclassifications related to our Allegiant World Mastercard® co-brand credit card, whereby $3.6 million of the revenue related to the travel component was reclassified into passenger revenue.


Fixed fee contract revenue. Fixed fee contract revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased 18.32019 increased 26.6 percent compared with 2017.2018, primarily due to a 20.3 percent increase in related departures. This was planned and expectedmade possible by greater availability of spare aircraft due to less availability of aircraft for charter flying during our fleet transition.improved operations and an all-Airbus fleet.


Other revenue. Other revenue decreased $3.9$3.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 compared to 20172018 primarily asdue to a decrease in aircraft lease revenue. We had six aircraft which generatedon lease revenue fromto a European carrier during the six months ended June 30, 2017 were delivered to usfirst half of 2018 and none during the six months ended June 30, 2018.2019. The effects of this decrease were slightly offset by increases in revenue from our golf course management solution.non-airline activities.


Operating Expenses
    
The following table presents operating expense per passenger for the indicated periods:
 Six Months Ended June 30, Percent
 2018 2017 Change
Aircraft fuel$32.61
 $27.48
 18.7 %
Salary and benefits30.63
 30.47
 0.5
Station operations11.29
 11.45
 (1.4)
Maintenance and repairs6.26
 9.49
 (34.0)
Depreciation and amortization8.27
 9.81
 (15.7)
Sales and marketing5.34
 4.33
 23.3
Aircraft lease rentals0.01
 0.41
 (97.6)
Other6.63
 7.13
 (7.0)
Operating expense per passenger$101.04
 $100.57
 0.5 %
Operating expense per passenger, excluding fuel$68.43
 $73.09
 (6.4)%



The following table presents unit costs on a per ASM basis, defined as Operating CASM, for the indicated periods:
Six Months Ended June 30, PercentSix Months Ended June 30, Percent
2018 2017 Change2019 2018 Change
Aircraft fuel
2.99¢ 
2.44¢ 22.5 %
Airline unitized costs     
Salary and benefits2.81
 2.71
 3.7
$2.69
 $2.77
 (2.9)%
Station operations1.03
 1.02
 1.0
1.02
 1.03
 (1.0)
Depreciation and amortization0.86
 0.75
 14.7
Maintenance and repairs0.57
 0.84
 (32.1)0.52
 0.57
 (8.8)
Depreciation and amortization0.76
 0.87
 (12.6)
Sales and marketing0.49
 0.39
 25.6
0.49
 0.49
 
Aircraft lease rentals
 0.04
 (100.0)
Other0.60
 0.63
 (4.8)0.42
 0.56
 (25.0)
CASM
9.25¢ 
8.94¢ 3.5 %
Operating CASM, excluding fuel
6.26¢ 
6.50¢ (3.7)%
Airline CASM, excluding fuel6.00

6.17

(2.8)
Aircraft fuel2.63
 2.99
 (12.0)
Airline CASM8.63
 9.16
 (5.8)
     
Airline CASM8.63
 9.16
 (5.8)
Non-airline operating CASM*0.27
 0.09
 200.0
Operating CASM (consolidated)8.90
 9.25
 (3.8)

*Includes operating costs associated with Sunseeker Resort and other non-airline related activity. Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs but must be included to calculate total operating CASM. Total operating CASM is reported to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting total costs on a per ASM basis.
Aircraft fuelSalary and benefits expense. Aircraft fuel Salary and benefits expense increased $58.4$18.4 million, or 34.48.6 percent, for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 compared to the same period in 20172018. The increase is largely attributable to an 8.8 percent increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees supporting an 8.1 percent increase in system block hours, as well as increased activity in our non-airline subsidiaries. Pilot salaries and wages per ASM decreased 2.9 percent for the system averagesix months ended June 30, 2019, due to improved pilot productivity efficiencies as we have transitioned to an all-Airbus fleet.
Aircraft fuel cost per gallon increased by 29.5expense. Aircraft fuel expense decreased $8.8 million, or 3.9 percent, coupled withfor the six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same period in 2018, despite a 3.60.4 percent increase in system fuel gallons consumed on a 9.99.2 percent increase in system ASMs. ASM growth outpaced fuel consumption as fuel efficiency (measured as ASMs per gallon) increased 6.1 8.8

percent year over year, due to increased flying on our Airbus aircraft which are moretransition to an all-Airbus fleet. Also, system average fuel efficient than our MD-80 aircraft.
Salary and benefits expense. Salary and benefits expense increased $26.1 million, or 13.8 percent, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 compared to the same period in 2017. The increase is largely attributable to a 5.8 percent increase in the number of full-time equivalent employees. Additionally, in conjunction with the collective bargaining agreement with our flight attendants that went into effect in December 2017, flight attendant total salaries expense increased an average of 21cost per gallon decreased 4.4 percent year over year.year, further contributing to the overall decrease in aircraft fuel expense.
Station operations expense. Station operations expense for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 increased 11.77.2 percent on a 9.89.5 percent increase in scheduled service departures compared to the same period in 2017.2018. The increase in expensedepartures outpaced the increase in departuresexpense due primarily to certainadditional station incentives which expired duringrealized compared to the first quarter ofsame period in 2018.


Maintenance and repairs expense. Maintenance and repairs expense for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased $14.9 million, or 25.3 percent, compared with the same period in 2017. The year-over-year decrease is largely due to2019 remained flat year over year. We had fewer heavynon-major maintenance events performed onin 2019, a reduction which was offset by higher overall repair costs for our Airbus fleet than our MD-80 series aircraft, as they are being systematically retired from our operating fleet.fleet (though less frequent). Additionally, the cost of major maintenance events for our Airbus aircraft is being deferred in accordance with the deferral method of accounting and the amortization of these expenses is included under depreciation and amortization expense.

Depreciation and amortization expense. Depreciation and amortization expense for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased by 4.42019 increased $16.7 million, or 28.8 percent, compared to the same period in 2017, partially due to the impairment charge taken on our MD-802018. The average number of Airbus aircraft in the fourth quarter 2017 as no depreciation expense for this fleet remains in the currentservice increased 43.6 percent year over year. Depreciation expense related to the MD-80 aircraft and Boeing 757-200 aircraft (retired in late-2017) for the six months ended June 30, 2017Amortization of major maintenance costs was $11.3 million and $2.9 million, respectively.
The decrease in depreciation and amortization expense was partially offset by higher monthly depreciation expense associated with our Airbus aircraft, as we continue to add Airbus aircraft into service. Depreciation expense for this fleet was $38.0$10.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 compared to $26.5 million for the same period in 2017. Amortization of major maintenance costs under the deferral method of accounting for the Airbus aircraft was $5.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2018, comparedwith increases expected to $2.9 million for 2017.continue as our Airbus aircraft count and related deferred maintenance costs grow.


Sales and marketing expense. Sales and marketing expense for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 increased $10.6$4.0 million compared to the same period in 2017,2018, partly due to an increase in net credit card fees paid as a result of a 12.29.0 percent increase in passenger revenue year over year. There were also increased expenses related to various marketing initiatives, including our national ad campaign, formulti-year partnerships with the Vegas Golden Knights and Minor League Baseball.

Other expense. Other expense remained flat year over year, as there were increases in general administrative expenses which were offset by over $12.0 million in gains from MD-80 and other aircraft part sales.

Non-airline expenses

Non-airline expenses are included in the various line items discussed above, as appropriate. The non-airline expenses include those from our growing network.Teesnap golf management business, Kingsway golf course, Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers, and operating expenses attributable to Sunseeker Resort (most of the Sunseeker Resort expenses are being capitalized at this time).
Aircraft lease rentals expense. Aircraft lease rentals expense
Income Tax Expense

Our effective tax rate was 23.0 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased $2.5 million2019, compared to the same period in 2017 due to fewer sub-service flights in the current year. We do not currently have aircraft under operating leases.

Other expense. Other operating expense for the six months ended June 30, 2018 increased $2.3 million compared to 2017. The increase is primarily due to information technology expenses, as well as other administrative expenses incurred to support our airline operations and golf course management business.
Income Tax Expense

Our effective tax rate was 20.6 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to 37.3 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2017.2018. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21.0 percent primarily due to the tax benefit from dissolution of foreign subsidiaries, offset by state taxes. While we expect our tax rate to be fairly consistent in the near term, it will vary depending on recurring items such as the amount of income we earn in each state and the state tax rate applicable to such income. Discrete items during interim periods may also affect our tax rates. We expect to be a non-cash taxpayer for federal income tax purposes for 2019.




Comparative Consolidated Operating Statistics


The following tables set forth our operating statistics for the periods indicated:


Three Months Ended June 30, PercentThree Months Ended June 30, Percent
2018 2017 Change (1)2019 2018 
Change(1)
Operating statistics (unaudited):          
Total system statistics:          
Passengers3,704,113
 3,306,193
 12.0
4,169,536
 3,704,113
 12.6
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)3,276,599
 2,958,808
 10.7
3,654,369
 3,276,599
 11.5
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)3,922,294
 3,584,209
 9.4
4,447,066
 3,922,294
 13.4
Load factor83.5% 82.6% 0.9
82.2% 83.5% (1.3)
Operating expense per ASM (CASM) (cents)9.24
 8.82
 4.8
8.63
 9.24
 (6.6)
Fuel expense per ASM (cents)3.12
 2.38
 31.1
2.70
 3.12
 (13.5)
Operating CASM, excluding fuel (cents)6.12
 6.44
 (5.0)5.93
 6.12
 (3.1)
ASMs per gallon of fuel76.1
 71.9
 5.8
82.3
 76.1
 8.1
Departures27,063
 24,721
 9.5
30,547
 27,063
 12.9
Block hours60,707
 56,056
 8.3
68,332
 60,707
 12.6
Average stage length (miles)858
 866
 (0.9)853
 858
 (0.6)
Average number of operating aircraft during period92.0
 85.3
 7.9
85.0
 92.0
 (7.6)
Average block hours per aircraft per day7.3
 7.2
 1.4
8.8
 7.3
 20.5
Full-time equivalent employees at end of period3,840
 3,628
 5.8
4,179
 3,840
 8.8
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)51,516
 49,858
 3.3
54,064
 51,516
 4.9
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.38
 $1.71
 39.2
$2.22
 $2.38
 (6.7)
Scheduled service statistics:          
Passengers3,681,944
 3,266,789
 12.7
4,131,855
 3,681,944
 12.2
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)3,245,774
 2,903,257
 11.8
3,603,076
 3,245,774
 11.0
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)3,795,815
 3,436,872
 10.4
4,311,182
 3,795,815
 13.6
Load factor85.5% 84.5% 1.0
83.6% 85.5% (1.9)
Departures25,992
 23,609
 10.1
29,567
 25,992
 13.8
Block hours58,536
 53,632
 9.1
66,135
 58,536
 13.0
Total passenger revenue per ASM (TRASM) (cents) (2)11.15
 11.10
 0.5
10.97
 11.15
 (1.6)
Average fare - scheduled service (3)$64.62
 $67.76
 (4.6)$58.39
 $64.62
 (9.6)
Average fare - air-related charges (3)$45.53
 $44.66
 1.9
$51.68
 $45.53
 13.5
Average fare - third party products$4.84
 $4.38
 10.5
$4.40
 $4.84
 (9.1)
Average fare - total$114.99
 $116.80
 (1.5)$114.47
 $114.99
 (0.5)
Average stage length (miles)864
 869
 (0.6)853
 864
 (1.3)
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)49,671
 47,821
 3.9
52,327
 49,671
 5.3
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.37
 $1.70
 39.4
$2.22
 $2.37
 (6.3)
Rental car days sold404,355
 391,010
 3.4
540,960
 404,355
 33.8
Hotel room nights sold93,484
 107,910
 (13.4)114,191
 93,484
 22.2
Percent of sales through website during period93.9% 95.1% (1.2)93.5% 93.9% (0.4)
(1) Except load factor and percent of sales through website during period, which are presented as a percentage point change.
(2) Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs. This measure is provided on a per ASM basis so as to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting revenues on a per ASM basis.
(3) Reflects division of passenger revenue between scheduled service and air-related charges in the Company's booking path.




Six Months Ended June 30, PercentSix Months Ended June 30, Percent
2018 2017 Change (1)2019 2018 
Change(1)
Operating statistics (unaudited):          
Total system statistics:          
Passengers7,007,064
 6,187,441
 13.2
7,619,814
 7,007,064
 8.7
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)6,371,403
 5,667,306
 12.4
6,882,963
 6,371,403
 8.0
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)7,650,857
 6,961,046
 9.9
8,357,304
 7,650,857
 9.2
Load factor83.3% 81.4% 1.9
82.4% 83.3% (0.9)
Operating expense per ASM (CASM) (cents)9.25
 8.94
 3.5
8.90
 9.25
 (3.8)
Fuel expense per ASM (cents)2.99
 2.44
 22.5
2.63
 2.99
 (12.0)
Operating CASM, excluding fuel (cents)6.26
 6.50
 (3.7)6.27
 6.26
 0.2
ASMs per gallon of fuel76.4
 72.0
 6.1
83.1
 76.4
 8.8
Departures51,311
 47,016
 9.1
55,747
 51,311
 8.6
Block hours118,510
 109,249
 8.5
128,151
 118,510
 8.1
Average stage length (miles)883
 883
 
876
 883
 (0.8)
Average number of operating aircraft during period90.8
 85.0
 6.8
82.3
 90.8
 (9.4)
Average block hours per aircraft per day7.2
 7.1
 1.4
8.6
 7.2
 19.4
Full-time equivalent employees at end of period3,840
 3,628
 5.8
4,179
 3,840
 8.8
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)100,156
 96,708
 3.6
100,537
 100,156
 0.4
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.28
 $1.76
 29.5
$2.18
 $2.28
 (4.4)
Scheduled service statistics:          
Passengers6,961,312
 6,112,269
 13.9
7,553,393
 6,961,312
 8.5
Revenue passenger miles (RPMs) (thousands)6,310,393
 5,565,191
 13.4
6,794,122
 6,310,393
 7.7
Available seat miles (ASMs) (thousands)7,397,830
 6,674,035
 10.8
8,113,315
 7,397,830
 9.7
Load factor85.3% 83.4% 1.9
83.7% 85.3% (1.6)
Departures49,256
 44,857
 9.8
53,911
 49,256
 9.5
Block hours114,224
 104,507
 9.3
124,098
 114,224
 8.6
Total passenger revenue per ASM (TRASM) (cents) (2)11.23
 11.12
 1.0
11.22
 11.23
 (0.1)
Average fare - scheduled service (3)$68.95
 $71.33
 (3.3)$63.49
 $68.95
 (7.9)
Average fare - air-related charges (3)$46.31
 $45.67
 1.4
$52.32
 $46.31
 13.0
Average fare - third party products$4.04
 $4.42
 (8.6)$4.68
 $4.04
 15.8
Average fare - total$119.30
 $121.42
 (1.7)$120.49
 $119.30
 1.0
Average stage length (miles)889
 887
 0.2
878
 889
 (1.2)
Fuel gallons consumed (thousands)96,542
 92,713
 4.1
97,395
 96,542
 0.9
Average fuel cost per gallon$2.27
 $1.75
 29.7
$2.18
 $2.27
 (4.0)
Rental car days sold802,942
 766,721
 4.7
1,012,558
 802,942
 26.1
Hotel room nights sold202,468
 213,238
 (5.1)219,206
 202,468
 8.3
Percent of sales through website during period93.9% 94.2% (0.3)93.5% 93.9% (0.4)
(1) Except load factor and percent of sales through website during period, which are presented as a percentage point change.
(2) Various components of this measure do not have a direct correlation to ASMs. This measure is provided on a per ASM basis so as to facilitate comparison with airlines reporting revenues on a per ASM basis.
(3) Reflects division of passenger revenue between scheduled service and air-related charges in the Company's booking path.




LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES


Current liquidity


Cash, restricted cash equivalents and investment securities (short-term and long-term) decreasedincreased at June 30, 2019 to $695.3 million, from $501.9$447.5 million at December 31, 2017 to $441.8 million2018. Investment securities represent highly liquid marketable securities which are available-for-sale.

The increase in cash at June 30, 2018. 2019 is due primarily to cash generated from operations as well as debt proceeds in the second quarter. We received $213.0 million of debt proceeds from a financing secured by 23 aircraft, and generated $100.8 million in net proceeds after the early payoff of six loans and our revolving debt secured by aircraft. In the second quarter, we also borrowed $63.4 million secured by spare engines. We had 26 unencumbered aircraft at June 30, 2019.

In July 2019, we repaid the remaining $102.1 million principal balance of our high yield debt at maturity.

Restricted cash represents escrowed funds under fixed fee contracts and cash collateral against letters of credit required by hotel properties for guaranteed room availability, airports and certain other parties. Under our fixed fee flying contracts, we require our customers to prepay for flights to be provided by us. The prepayments are escrowed until the flight is completed and are recorded as restricted cash with a corresponding amount reflected as air traffic liability. Investment securities represent highly liquid marketable securities which are available-for-sale.


During the first six months of 2018, our primary source of funds was $283.2 million generated by operations. Our operating cash flows and previouslong-term debt borrowings have allowed us to invest in our fleet transition, and return capital to shareholders.shareholders in the form of recurring regular quarterly dividends, and invest in Sunseeker Resort and our Allegiant Nonstop family entertainment centers. Our future capital needs are primarily for the acquisition of additional aircraft, including our existing Airbus A320 series aircraft commitments, as well as planned capital outlay related to Sunseeker ResortsResort and other travel and leisure initiatives. Of the 11 aircraft expected to be placed into service during the remainder of 2018, three are structured as capital leases and will not require separate financing, and one has already been paid for (the aircraft being returned from lease to a European carrier).


We believe we have more than adequate liquidity resources through our operating cash flows, borrowings, debt commitments, and cash balances, to meet our future contractual obligations. In addition, we continue to consider raising funds through debt financing on an opportunistic basis.


In addition to our recurring quarterly cash dividend, our current share repurchase authority is $100 million. There is no expiration to this program.


Debt


Our long-term debt and capitalfinance lease obligations balance, without reduction for related issuance costs, decreasedincreased from $1.2$1.3 billion as of December 31, 20172018 to $1.1$1.5 billion as of June 30, 2018 as2019. During the first half of 2019, we borrowed $450.0 million under the Term Loan plus an additional $320.4 million secured by aircraft and engines, while repurchasing $347.9 million of our unsecured notes (the remaining balance of which was paid at maturity in July 2019). Additionally, we paid off six loans and the outstanding balance on our senior secured revolving credit facility for a combined $112.2 million in payoffs, and continued makingalso made scheduled repaymentsprincipal payments on our other existing debt, includingdebt.

In March 2019, we entered into a Construction Loan Agreement with certain lenders affiliated with TPG Sixth Street Partners, LLC under which we may borrow up to $175.0 million to fund the prepaymentconstruction of certain debt secured by Airbus A320 series aircraft. During the second quarterPhase 1 of 2018, we borrowed $10.8 million secured by various ground equipment.Sunseeker Resort - Charlotte Harbor. No amounts under this loan agreement have been drawn to date.


Sources and Uses of Cash


Operating Activities. During the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, our operating activities provided $283.2$277.5 million of cash compared to $262.9$283.2 million during the same period of 2017.2018. The year-over-year increasedecrease is due to a one-time tax benefit of $41.3 million in cash inflows is2018 that was not applicable in the resultcurrent year, as well as the net effect of changes in certain asset and liability accounts. These were partially offset by a $13.8$22.5 million increase in net income as well as changes in various asset and liability accounts, including a $46.9 million decrease in accounts receivable. This was offset by adjustments made for non-cash items such as deferred income taxes ($26.9 million lower in 2018).2019.


Operating cash inflows are primarily derived from providing air transportation and related ancillary products and services to customers, and we expect to use that cash flow to purchase aircraft and equipment, make scheduled debt payments, invest in Sunseeker Resort - Charlotte Harbor and other travel and leisure initiatives, and return capital to shareholders through share repurchases and dividends. 



Investing Activities. Cash used in investing activities was $158.6$96.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 20182019 compared to $269.5$158.6 million for the same period in 2017. The2018. A $47.0 million year-over-year decrease is mostly due to investment security activity,increase in cash outlays for the purchase of property and equipment was offset as cash proceeds from maturities of investment securities (net of purchases) were $30.4$127.4 million induring the first half of 2018six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to cash used to purchase investment securities (net of proceeds) of $88.6$30.4 million for the same period in 2017. Cash used to purchase property and equipment (including pre-delivery deposits) was $187.5 million for2018. Additionally, in the first six months of 20182019 we had an $11.7 million increase in cash from other investing activities compared to $182.3 million in the same period last year, mostly related to proceeds received from the sales of 2017.MD-80 parts.


Financing Activities. Cash used inprovided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 was $153.1$191.6 million, compared to $38.3$153.1 million forcash used in financing activities during the same period in 2017. The2018. This year-over-year increasefluctuation is primarily due to debt proceeds, as we entered into debt agreements totaling $770.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $10.8 million in the first half of 2018. The increase in debt proceeds was partially offset by an increase in principal payments on, and early payoffs of, long-term debt and capitalfinance lease obligations as we paid $142.4 million in debt and capital lease payments in the first half of 2018current year compared to $64.9 million for the same period in 2017. Our debt payments in the first half of 2018 included various scheduled balloon payments, as well as the payoff of our senior secured revolving credit facility, which had $41.6 million in outstanding principal as of December 31, 2017. Additionally, we received $10.8 million in loan proceeds during the second quarter 2018, compared to $134.5 million in loan proceeds during the same period in 2017. For the six months ended June 30,2018.

2018, we paid cash dividends of $22.6 million, compared to the payment of cash dividends of $23.2 million and $86.2 million in open market common stock repurchases for the same period in 2017.


CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS


We have made forward-looking statements in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, and in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” that are based on our management’s beliefs and assumptions, and on information currently available to our management. Forward-looking statements include information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, fleet plan, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, future service to be provided, the effects of future regulation and competition, and the development of a resort in Southwest Florida. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project” or similar expressions.


Forward-looking statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements. Important risk factors that could cause our results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements may be found in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission at www.sec.gov. These risk factors include, without limitation, an accident involving, or problems with, our aircraft, public perception of our safety, our reliance on automationour automated systems, limitation on growth as we transition to a single fleet type, our reliance on third parties to deliver aircraft under contract to us on a timely basis, risk of breach of security of personal data, volatility of fuel costs, labor issues and costs, the ability to obtain regulatory approvals as needed , the effect of economic conditions on leisure travel, debt covenants and balances, the ability to finance aircraft under contract, terrorist attacks, risks inherent to airlines, theour competitive environment, our reliance on third parties who provide facilities or services to us, the possible loss of key personnel, economic and other conditions in markets in which we operate, the ability to successfully develop and finance a resort in Southwest Florida, governmental regulation, increases in maintenance costs and cyclical and seasonal fluctuations toin our operating results.


Any forward-looking statements are based on information available to us today and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of future events, new information or otherwise.


CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES


Except as discussed below relating to the New Revenue Standard, in the second quarter of 2018, thereThere were no changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates, as of June 30, 2019, from those disclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes contained in our 20172018 Form 10-K.

Effective January 1, 2018, we adopted the New Revenue Standard using the full retrospective method, which resulted in the recast of the 2017 prior period data presented. Under this ASU and subsequently issued amendments, revenue is recognized at the time a good or service is transferred to a customer for the amount of consideration received.


Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk


We are subject to certain market risks, including commodity prices (specifically aircraft fuel). The adverse effects of changes in these markets could pose potential losses as discussed below. The sensitivity analysis provided does not consider the effects that such adverse changes may have on overall economic activity, nor does it consider additional actions we may take to mitigate our exposure to such changes. Actual results may differ.


Aircraft Fuel


Our results of operations can be significantly impacted by changes in the price and availability of aircraft fuel, as aircraft fuel expense represented 32.329.5 percent of our operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2018.2019. Increases in fuel prices, or a shortage of supply, could have a material impact on our operations and operating results. Based on our fuel consumption for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, a hypothetical ten percent increase in the average price per gallon of fuel would

have increased fuel expense by approximately $12.0$11.9 million and $22.9$21.6 million, respectively. We have not hedged fuel price risk for many years.



Interest Rates

We have market risk associated with changing interest rates due to the short-term nature of our cash and investment securities and variable-rate debt. We invest available cash in government and corporate debt securities, investment grade commercial paper, and other highly rated financial instruments. Because of the short-term nature of these investments, the returns earned closely parallel short-term floating interest rates. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in interest rates for the six months ended June 30, 2018 would have impacted interest income from cash and investment securities by approximately $2.3 million.


As of June 30, 2018,2019, we had a total of $563.1 million$1.2 billion in variable-rate debt, including current maturities and without reduction for related costs. A hypothetical 100 basis point changeincrease in market interest rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, would have affected interest expense by approximately $3.2 million.$2.2 million and $4.6 million, respectively.


As of June 30, 2018,2019, we had $477.1$202.9 million of fixed-rate debt, including current maturities and without reduction for related costs. Of this amount, $102.1 million was repaid in July 2019. A hypothetical 100 basis point change in market interest rates would not impact interest expense on our fixed rate debt as of such date.

See Item 7A "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, for further information about market risk.


Item 4. Controls and Procedures


As of June 30, 2018,2019, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer ("CEO") and chief financial officer (“CFO”), we evaluated the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the “Exchange Act”) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, management, including our CEO and CFO, has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed, and are effective, to give reasonable assurance that the information we are required to disclose is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the CEO and the CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.


ThereExcept as noted below, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ending June 30, 2018,2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


Effective January 1, 2018,2019, we adopted Accounting Standards Codification 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Although the New RevenueLease Standard isdid not expected to have a material impact on our ongoing net income, changes were made to relevant business processes and the related control activities including information systems, in order to monitor and maintain appropriate controls over financial reporting. The operating effectiveness of these changes will be evaluated as part of our annual assessment on the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1. Legal Proceedings


We are subject to certain legal and administrative actions we consider routine to our business activities. We believe the ultimate outcome of any pending legal or administrative matters will not have a material adverse impact on our financial position, liquidity or results of operations.


Item 1A.  Risk Factors


We have evaluated our risk factors and determined there are no changes to the risk factorsthose set forth in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K.



Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds


Our Repurchases of Equity Securities


The following table reflects the repurchases of our common stock during the second quarter 2018:2019:


Period Total Number of Shares Purchased (1) Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part of our Publicly
Announced Plan
 Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that
May Yet be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (in thousands) (2)
 
Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)
 Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of
Shares Purchased as Part of our Publicly
Announced Plan
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that
May Yet be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (in thousands)
 (2)
April 452
 $148.70
 None   388
 $131.74
 None  
May 4,349
 159.60
 None   4,703
 $144.31
 None  
June 
 
 None   
 $
 None  
Total 4,801
 $
 $100,000
 5,091
 $143.35
 $100,000
(1) Includes shares repurchased from employees who vested a portion of their restricted stock grants. These share repurchases were made at the election of each employee pursuant to an offer to repurchase by us. In each case, the shares repurchased constituted the portion of vested shares necessary to satisfy income tax withholding requirements.
(2) Represents the remaining dollar amount of open market purchases of our common stock which has been authorized by the Board under a share repurchase program.


Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities


None


Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures


Not applicable


Item 5. Other Information


None




Item 6. Exhibits
101.INSXBRL Instance Document
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
(1) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit filed with Registration Statement #333-134145 filed by the Company with the Commission and amendments thereto.
(2) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on April 25, 2018.
(3) Certain confidential information in this agreement has been omitted because it (i) is not material and (ii) would be competitively harmful if publicly disclosed.






SIGNATURES


Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


  ALLEGIANT TRAVEL COMPANY
   
   
Date:August 3, 2018July 31, 2019By:/s/ Scott SheldonGregory Anderson
  Scott Sheldon,Gregory Anderson, as duly authorized officer of the Company (Chief Financial Officer) and as Principal Financial Officer


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