UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the quarterly period endedMarch 21,June 13, 2020
 OR
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the transition period from _________________to _________________

Commission File Number 001-33987

hcci-20200613_g1.jpg

HERITAGE-CRYSTAL CLEAN, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware 26-0351454
State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation Identification No.)

2175 Point Boulevard
Suite 375
Elgin, IL 60123
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)  

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (847) 836-5670
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each ClassTrading SymbolName of Exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per shareHCCINASDAQ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes x No o

1


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” "smaller reporting company," and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer o
 
Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company   ☐
Emerging growth company   ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No x

On April 28,July 20, 2020, therethere were outstanding outstandin23,257,943g 23,270,068 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value, of Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc.



2



Table of Contents

 
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

3



PART I

        ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In Thousands, Except Share and Par Value Amounts)
March 21,
2020
December 28,
2019
June 13,
2020
December 28,
2019
(unaudited)(unaudited)
ASSETSASSETS ASSETS 
Current assets:Current assets: Current assets: 
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$56,938  $60,694  Cash and cash equivalents$50,782  $60,694  
Accounts receivable - netAccounts receivable - net55,122  55,586  Accounts receivable - net47,101  55,586  
Inventory - netInventory - net29,112  29,373  Inventory - net25,622  29,373  
Other current assetsOther current assets6,062  7,104  Other current assets6,355  7,104  
Total current assetsTotal current assets147,234  152,757  Total current assets129,860  152,757  
Property, plant and equipment - netProperty, plant and equipment - net157,931  154,911  Property, plant and equipment - net159,102  154,911  
Right of use assetsRight of use assets88,006  89,525  Right of use assets83,975  89,525  
Equipment at customers - netEquipment at customers - net24,374  24,232  Equipment at customers - net24,007  24,232  
Software and intangible assets - netSoftware and intangible assets - net16,123  16,892  Software and intangible assets - net18,338  16,892  
GoodwillGoodwill32,990  32,997  Goodwill37,510  32,997  
Total assetsTotal assets$466,658  $471,314  Total assets$452,792  $471,314  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITYLIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY 
Current liabilities:Current liabilities: Current liabilities: 
Accounts payableAccounts payable$30,607  $38,058  Accounts payable$31,607  $38,058  
Current portion of lease liabilitiesCurrent portion of lease liabilities22,087  20,407  Current portion of lease liabilities21,909  20,407  
Contract liabilities - netContract liabilities - net2,428  2,252  Contract liabilities - net2,153  2,252  
Accrued salaries, wages, and benefitsAccrued salaries, wages, and benefits5,110  6,771  Accrued salaries, wages, and benefits5,737  6,771  
Taxes payableTaxes payable7,048  6,538  Taxes payable8,610  6,538  
Other current liabilitiesOther current liabilities16,121  16,418  Other current liabilities5,515  16,418  
Total current liabilitiesTotal current liabilities83,401  90,444  Total current liabilities75,531  90,444  
Lease liabilities, net of current portion Lease liabilities, net of current portion67,212  68,734   Lease liabilities, net of current portion63,215  68,734  
Long-term debt, less current maturities Long-term debt, less current maturities29,418  29,348   Long-term debt, less current maturities29,487  29,348  
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes18,617  17,157  Deferred income taxes18,519  17,157  
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities$198,648  $205,683  Total liabilities$186,752  $205,683  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: 
Common stock - 26,000,000 shares authorized at $0.01 par value, 23,247,912 and 23,191,498 shares issued and outstanding at March 21, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively$232  $232  
Common stock - 26,000,000 shares authorized at $0.01 par value, 23,269,462 and 23,191,498 shares issued and outstanding at June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectivelyCommon stock - 26,000,000 shares authorized at $0.01 par value, 23,269,462 and 23,191,498 shares issued and outstanding at June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively$233  $232  
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital198,305  200,583  Additional paid-in capital198,992  200,583  
Retained earningsRetained earnings69,473  64,182  Retained earnings66,815  64,182  
Total Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. stockholders' equityTotal Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. stockholders' equity268,010  264,997  Total Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. stockholders' equity266,040  264,997  
Noncontrolling interestNoncontrolling interest—  634  Noncontrolling interest—  634  
Total equityTotal equity268,010  265,631  Total equity266,040  265,631  
Total liabilities and stockholders' equityTotal liabilities and stockholders' equity$466,658  $471,314  Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$452,792  $471,314  
 
See accompanying notes to financial statements.
4



Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income/(Loss)
(In Thousands, Except per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)


First Quarter Ended, Second Quarter Ended,First Half Ended,
March 21,
2020
March 23,
2019
June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
RevenuesRevenuesRevenues
Service revenues$63,757  $56,366  Service revenues$52,247  $57,936  $116,004  $114,309  
Product revenues37,722  35,858  Product revenues21,863  41,302  59,584  77,160  
Rental income5,785  3,548  Rental income5,408  5,762  11,194  9,304  
Total revenuesTotal revenues$107,264  $95,772  Total revenues$79,518  $105,000  $186,782  $200,773  
Operating expensesOperating expensesOperating expenses
Operating costs$83,250  $82,483  Operating costs$72,293  $78,849  $155,543  $161,332  
Selling, general, and administrative expenses11,522  12,396  Selling, general, and administrative expenses11,134  11,042  22,656  23,438  
Depreciation and amortization5,268  4,136  Depreciation and amortization5,455  4,061  10,723  8,196  
Other expense (income) - net272  (58) Other (income) expense - net(6,796) 1,514  (6,525) 1,457  
Operating income (loss)6,952  (3,185) 
Operating (loss) incomeOperating (loss) income(2,568) 9,534  4,385  6,350  
Interest expense – netInterest expense – net214  230  Interest expense – net344  219  558  449  
Income (loss) before income taxes6,738  (3,415) 
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes1,447  (986) 
Net income (loss)5,291  (2,429) 
(Loss) income before income taxes(Loss) income before income taxes(2,912) 9,315  3,827  5,901  
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(254) 2,151  1,194  1,165  
Net (loss) incomeNet (loss) income(2,658) 7,164  2,633  4,736  
Income attributable to noncontrolling interestIncome attributable to noncontrolling interest—  83  Income attributable to noncontrolling interest—  108  —  192  
Net income (loss) attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholders$5,291  $(2,512) 
Net (loss) income attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholdersNet (loss) income attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholders$(2,658) $7,056  $2,633  $4,544  
Net income (loss) per share: basic$0.23  $(0.11) 
Net income (loss) per share: diluted$0.23  $(0.11) 
Net (loss) income per share: basicNet (loss) income per share: basic$(0.11) $0.30  $0.11  $0.20  
Net (loss) income per share: dilutedNet (loss) income per share: diluted$(0.11) $0.30  $0.11  $0.19  
Number of weighted average shares outstanding: basicNumber of weighted average shares outstanding: basic23,239  23,117  Number of weighted average shares outstanding: basic23,260  23,137  23,249  23,127  
Number of weighted average shares outstanding: dilutedNumber of weighted average shares outstanding: diluted23,422  23,117  Number of weighted average shares outstanding: diluted23,260  23,368  23,434  23,366  

 
See accompanying notes to financial statements.


5



Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity
(In Thousands, Except Share Amounts)
For the FirstSecond Quarter Ended March 21,June 13, 2020 and March 23,June 15, 2019
(Unaudited)

First Quarter Ended,
March 21, 2020
Second Quarter Ended,Second Quarter Ended,
June 13, 2020June 13, 2020
SharesPar
Value
Common
Additional Paidin
Capital
Retained EarningsTotal Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. Stockholders' EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal EquitySharesPar
Value
Common
Additional Paidin
Capital
Retained EarningsTotal Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. Stockholders' EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at December 28, 201923,191,498  $232  $200,583  $64,182  $264,997  $634  $265,631  
Balance at March 21, 2020Balance at March 21, 202023,247,912  $232  $198,305  $69,473  $268,010  $—  $268,010  
Net loss Net loss—  —  —  (2,658) (2,658) —  (2,658) 
Issuance of common stock – ESPP Issuance of common stock – ESPP9,159  —  135  —  135  —  135  
Share-based compensation Share-based compensation12,391   552  —  553  —  553  
Balance at June 13, 2020Balance at June 13, 202023,269,462  $233  $198,992  $66,815  $266,040  $—  $266,040  
Second Quarter Ended,Second Quarter Ended,
June 15, 2019June 15, 2019
SharesPar
Value
Common
Additional Paidin
Capital
Retained EarningsTotal Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. Stockholders' EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at March 23, 2019Balance at March 23, 201923,120,998  $231  $197,909  $53,307  $251,447  $731  $252,178  
Net income Net income—  —  —  5,291  5,291  —  5,291   Net income—  —  —  7,056  7,056  108  7,164  
Non-controlling interest acquisition—  —  (2,678) —  (2,678) —  (2,678) 
Distribution Distribution—  —  —  —  —  (634) (634)  Distribution—  —  —  —  —  (399) (399) 
Issuance of common stock – ESPP Issuance of common stock – ESPP4,102  —  122  —  122  —  122   Issuance of common stock – ESPP4,476  —  117  —  117  —  117  
Share-based compensation Share-based compensation52,312  —  1,069  —  1,069  —  1,069   Share-based compensation54,538   831  —  832  —  832  
Share repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligationsShare repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligations—  —  (791) —  (791) —  (791) Share repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligations—  —  (783) —  (783) —  (783) 
Balance at March 21, 202023,247,912  $232  $198,305  $69,473  $268,010  $—  $268,010  
First Quarter Ended,
March 23, 2019
SharesPar
Value
Common
Additional Paidin
Capital
Retained EarningsTotal Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. Stockholders' EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at December 29, 201823,058,584  $231  $197,533  $55,819  $253,583  $648  $254,231  
Net (loss) income—  —  —  (2,512) (2,512) 83  (2,429) 
Issuance of common stock – ESPP4,975  —  111  —  111  —  111  
Exercise of stock options2,760  —  20  —  20  —  20  
Share-based compensation54,679  —  889  —  889  —  889  
Share repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligations—  —  (644) —  (644) —  (644) 
Balance at March 23, 201923,120,998  $231  $197,909  $53,307  $251,447  $731  $252,178  
Balance at June 15, 2019 Balance at June 15, 201923,180,012  $232  $198,074  $60,363  $258,669  $440  $259,109  
 






















6


Condensed Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity
(In Thousands, Except Share Amounts)
For the First Half Ended June 13, 2020 and June 15, 2019
(Unaudited)

First Half Ended,
June 13, 2020
SharesPar Value CommonAdditional Paid–in CapitalRetained EarningsTotal Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. Stockholders' EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at December 28, 201923,191,498  $232  $200,583  $64,182  $264,997  $634  $265,631  
Net income—  —  —  2,633  2,633  —  2,633  
   Non-controlling interest acquisition—  —  (2,678) —  (2,678) —  (2,678) 
Distribution—  —  —  —  —  (634) (634) 
Issuance of common stock – ESPP13,261  —  257  —  257  —  257  
   Share-based compensation64,703   1,621  —  1,622  —  1,622  
Share repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligations—  —  (791) —  (791) —  (791) 
Balance at June 13, 202023,269,462  $233  $198,992  $66,815  $266,040  $—  $266,040  
First Half Ended,
June 15, 2019
SharesPar Value CommonAdditional Paid–in CapitalRetained EarningsTotal Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. Stockholders' EquityNon-controlling InterestTotal Equity
Balance at December 29, 201823,058,584  $231  $197,533  $55,819  $253,583  $648  $254,231  
Net income—  —  —  4,544  4,544  192  4,736  
Distribution—  —  —  —  —  (400) (400) 
Issuance of common stock – ESPP9,451  —  228  —  228  —  228  
Exercise of stock options2,760  —  20  —  20  —  20  
Share-based compensation109,217   1,720  —  1,721  —  1,721  
Share repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligations—  —  (1,427) —  (1,427) —  (1,427) 
Balance at June 15, 201923,180,012  $232  $198,074  $60,363  $258,669  $440  $259,109  
















7


.Heritage-CrystalHeritage-Crystal Clean, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In Thousands)
(Unaudited)

For the First Quarter Ended, First Half Ended,
March 21,
2020
March 23,
2019
June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
Cash flows from Operating Activities:Cash flows from Operating Activities:  Cash flows from Operating Activities:  
Net income (loss)$5,291  $(2,429) 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net incomeNet income$2,633  $4,736  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization5,268  4,136  Depreciation and amortization10,723  8,196  
Reversal of provision for class action settlement in excess of payoutReversal of provision for class action settlement in excess of payout(6,502) —  
Bad debt provisionBad debt provision189  249  Bad debt provision1,110  572  
Share-based compensationShare-based compensation1,069  889  Share-based compensation1,622  1,721  
Deferred taxesDeferred taxes1,459  (972) Deferred taxes1,361  1,151  
Other, netOther, net(424) (171) Other, net(126) (248) 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Changes in operating assets and liabilities:Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable275  (1,473)  Decrease (increase) in accounts receivable8,128  (3,410) 
Decrease in inventory Decrease in inventory262  3,716   Decrease in inventory3,751  4,344  
Decrease in other current assets1,040  1,921  
Decrease (increase) in other current assets Decrease (increase) in other current assets747  (587) 
(Decrease) increase in accounts payable (Decrease) increase in accounts payable(5,273) 1,531   (Decrease) increase in accounts payable(4,823) 5,899  
Increase in accrued liabilities1,110  1,781  
(Decrease) increase in accrued liabilities (Decrease) increase in accrued liabilities(764) 2,964  
Cash provided by operating activitiesCash provided by operating activities$10,266  $9,178  Cash provided by operating activities$17,860  $25,338  
Cash flows from Investing Activities:Cash flows from Investing Activities:  Cash flows from Investing Activities:  
Capital expendituresCapital expenditures$(9,842) $(7,579) Capital expenditures$(13,137) $(12,597) 
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquiredBusiness acquisitions, net of cash acquired—  (1,973) Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired(10,129) (2,573) 
Cash used in investing activitiesCash used in investing activities$(9,842) $(9,552) Cash used in investing activities$(23,266) $(15,170) 
Cash flows from Financing Activities:Cash flows from Financing Activities:  Cash flows from Financing Activities:  
Proceeds from the exercise of stock optionsProceeds from the exercise of stock options$—  $20  Proceeds from the exercise of stock options$—  $20  
Repayment of principal on finance leasesRepayment of principal on finance leases(462) —  
Share repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligationsShare repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligations(791) (644) Share repurchases to satisfy tax withholding obligations(791) (1,427) 
Proceeds from the issuance of common stockProceeds from the issuance of common stock122  111  Proceeds from the issuance of common stock257  228  
Payments of deferred and contingent considerationPayments of deferred and contingent consideration(199) —  Payments of deferred and contingent consideration(198) —  
Distributions to noncontrolling interest(3,312) —  
Distributions to and acquisition of noncontrolling interestDistributions to and acquisition of noncontrolling interest(3,312) (400) 
Cash used in financing activitiesCash used in financing activities$(4,180) $(513) Cash used in financing activities$(4,506) $(1,579) 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(3,756) (887) 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalentsNet (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents(9,912) 8,589  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of periodCash and cash equivalents, beginning of period60,694  43,579  Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period60,694  43,579  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of periodCash and cash equivalents, end of period$56,938  $42,692  Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$50,782  $52,168  
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:  Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:  
Income taxes paidIncome taxes paid$31  $—  Income taxes paid$61  $979  
Cash paid for interestCash paid for interest92  334  Cash paid for interest370  659  
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash information:Supplemental disclosure of non-cash information:  Supplemental disclosure of non-cash information:  
Payables for construction in progressPayables for construction in progress465  1,933  Payables for construction in progress937  931  
See accompanying notes to financial statements.


78



HERITAGE-CRYSTAL CLEAN, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

March 21,June 13, 2020


(1)    ORGANIZATION AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc., a Delaware corporation and its subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”), provide parts cleaning, hazardous and non-hazardous containerized waste, used oil collection, vacuum, antifreeze recycling and field services primarily to small and mid-sized industrial and vehicle maintenance customers. The Company owns and operates a used oil re-refinery where it re-refines used oils and sells high quality base oil for lubricants as well as other re-refinery products. The Company also has multiple locations where it dehydrates used oil. The oil processed at these locations is primarily sold as recycled fuel oil. The Company also operates multiple wastewater treatment plants and antifreeze recycling facilities at which it produces virgin-quality antifreeze. The Company's locations are in the United States and Ontario, Canada. The Company conducts its primary business operations through Heritage-Crystal Clean, LLC, its wholly owned subsidiary, and all intercompany balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The Company has 2 reportable segments: "Environmental Services" and "Oil Business." The Environmental Services segment consists of the Company's parts cleaning, containerized waste management, vacuum truck services, antifreeze recycling activities, and field services. The Oil Business segment consists of the Company's used oil collection, recycled fuel oil sales, used oil re-refining activities, and used oil filter removal and disposal services. No customer represented greater than 10% of consolidated revenues for any of the periods presented. There were no intersegment revenues. Both segments operate in the United States and, to an immaterial degree, in Ontario, Canada. As such, the Company is not disclosing operating results by geographic segment.

The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to December 31. The most recent fiscal year ended on December 28, 2019. Each of the Company's first three fiscal quarters consists of twelve weeks while the last fiscal quarter consists of sixteen or seventeen weeks.  

In the Company's Environmental Services segment, product revenues include sales of solvent, machines, absorbent, accessories, and antifreeze; service revenues include servicing of parts cleaning machines, drum waste removal services, vacuum truck services, field services, and other services; rental income includes embedded lease income from certain of our parts cleaning contracts. In the Company's Oil Business segment, product revenues primarily consist of sales of re-refined base oil, re-refinery co-products and recycled fuel oil; service revenues include revenues from used oil collection activities, collecting and disposing of waste water and removal and disposal of used oil filters. Due to the Company's integrated business model, it is impracticable to separately present costs of tangible products and costs of services.

COVID-19 Pandemic

We are closely monitoring the spread and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and are continually assessing its potential effects on our business and our financial performance as well as the businesses of our customers and vendors. The Company cannot predict the duration or severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and we cannot reasonably estimate the financial impact the COVID-19 outbreak will have on our results and significant estimates going forward.


8
9



(2)    SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

        The Company's significant accounting policies are described in Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies," in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019. There have been no material changes in these policies or their application during the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards Adopted
StandardIssuance DateDescriptionEffective DateEffect on the Financial Statements
ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.”June 2016This update modifies the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments. For trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans and other instruments, entities will be required to utilize a new forward-looking “expected loss” methodology that generally will result in the earlier recognition of allowance for losses.December 29, 2019 The Company adopted ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326) on December 29, 2019 and determined there was no material impact on the financial statements with no adjustment to retained earnings.



















910



(3)    BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

On March 31, 2020, Heritage-Crystal Clean completed the acquisition of certain assets of Gro America (“Gro”), which has expanded our network of wastewater processing facilities and augmented our field services capabilities to better serve our customers throughout the Midwestern United States. The purchase price was $10.1 million subject to certain adjustments, including a working capital adjustment, and is preliminarily allocated based on our estimates and assumptions of the approximate fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the acquisition date. We are still in the process of completing our valuation, and accordingly our estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period. The Company is continuing to examine facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date and how those affect the estimated fair value of working capital and the allocation of the estimated purchase price to other tangible and intangible assets. Goodwill recognized from the acquisition of Gro America represents the excess of the estimated purchase consideration transferred over the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Factors leading to goodwill being recognized consist of the Company's expectations of synergies from combining operations of Gro America and the Company as well as the value of intangible assets that are not separately recognized, such as assembled workforce. Transaction costs incurred in conjunction with the acquisition of Gro America were immaterial. The results of Gro America are consolidated into the Company’s Environmental Services segment.

On January 28, 2020, the Company acquired the remaining ownership interest in one of our subsidiaries in the amount of $2.7 million.

On October 8, 2019, Heritage-Crystal Clean completed the acquisition of certain assets of California Environmental & Litho, Inc., which provide transportation, manifesting, labeling and profiling services to printing, photographic, automotive and body shop industries in the Bay Area, Central Valley & Northern California. The acquisition represents an expansion of HCC’s Environmental Services business in this geographic area while potentially providing new services and products for this market. No facilities were acquired in the transaction and all service employees and activity will behave been consolidated in existing branch territories. Total consideration for the acquisition was approximately $0.5 million. Factors leading to goodwill being recognized are the Company's expectations of synergies from combining operations of California Environmental & Litho, Inc. and the Company as well as the value of intangible assets that are not separately recognized, such as an assembled workforce.

On March 25, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of certain assets of All Valley Disposal, Inc., an environmental services provider based in Fresno, California. Consideration for the acquisition paid at closing was $0.6 million. Contingent upon the achievement of certain business performance metrics, total consideration for the acquisition could reach a maximum of approximately $1.3$1.0 million. Factors leading to goodwill being recognized are the Company's expectations of synergies from combining operations of All Valley Disposal, Inc., and the Company as well as the value of intangible assets that are not separately recognized, such as an assembled workforce. The results of All Valley Disposal are consolidated into the Company’s Environmental Services segment.
On February 1, 2019, the Company purchased the assets of W.S. Supplies, Inc. ("WSS") pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement. The Company purchased the assets of WSS to expand the Company’s Environmental Services segment in the mid-west. The purchase price was set at $0.5 million subject to certain adjustments, including a contingent consideration provision, and is allocated based on our estimates and assumptions of the approximate fair values of assets acquired on the acquisition date. The results of WSS are consolidated into the Company’s Environmental Services segment.

On January 11, 2019, the Company purchased the assets of the consumer division of GlyEco, Inc. ("GlyEco") pursuant to an Asset Purchase Agreement. The Company purchased the assets of GlyEco's consumer division to expand the Company’s antifreeze line of business while expanding geographically. The purchase price was set at $1.6 million subject to certain adjustments, including working capital adjustments, and is allocated based on our estimates and assumptions of the approximate fair values of assets acquired on the acquisition date. Factors leading to goodwill being recognized are the Company's expectations of synergies from combining operations of GlyEco and the Company as well as the value of intangible assets that are not separately recognized, such as an assembled workforce. The results of GlyEco are consolidated into the Company’s Environmental Services segment.

The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, net of cash acquired, related to each acquisition:

As of March 21, 2020
(thousands)
California Environmental & LithoAll Valley DisposalGlyEcoWSS
Accounts receivable$67  $36  $107  $—  
Inventory 18  291  28  
Property, plant, & equipment15  252  746  154  
Equipment at customers—  —  —  24  
Intangible assets445  310  251  298  
Goodwill 384  251  —  
Total purchase price, net of cash acquired$533  $1,000  $1,646  $504  
Less: working capital adjustment—  —  23  —  
Less: contingent consideration120  250  —  —  
Less: to be placed in escrow—  100  —  —  
Net cash paid$413  $650  $1,623  $504  
11


As of June 13, 2020
(thousands)
Gro AmericaCalifornia Environmental & LithoAll Valley DisposalGlyEcoWSS
Accounts receivable$752  $67  $36  $107  $—  
Inventory—   18  291  28  
Property, plant, & equipment1,859  15  252  746  154  
Equipment at customers—  —  —  —  24  
Intangible assets3,080  445  310  251  298  
Goodwill4,516   384  251  —  
Accounts payable(76) —  —  —  —  
Total purchase price, net of cash acquired$10,131  $533  $1,000  $1,646  $504  
Less: working capital adjustment —  —  23  —  
Less: contingent consideration—  120  250  —  —  
Less: to be placed in escrow—  —  100  —  —  
Net cash paid$10,129  $413  $650  $1,623  $504  



Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The pro forma financial information in the table below presents the combined results of the Company as if the Gro America and GlyEco acquisitions had occurred December 30, 2018. The pro forma information is shown for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of future results of operations of the Company or results of operations of the Company that would have actually occurred had the transactions been in effect for the period presented.

Second Quarter Ended,Second Quarter Ended,
(thousands, except per share data)June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
Total revenues$79,623  $106,416  
Net (loss) income attributable to HCCI shareholders(2,645) 7,324  
Net (loss) income per share: basic$(0.11) $0.32  
Net (loss) income per share: diluted(0.11) 0.31  
First Half Ended,First Half Ended,
(thousands, except per share data)June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
Total revenues$187,737  $203,806  
Net income attributable to HCCI shareholders2,748  5,057  
Net income per share: basic$0.12  $0.22  
Net income per share: diluted0.12  0.22  

1012



(4) REVENUE

We account for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectability of consideration is probable. Revenue is recognized when our performance obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied. Recognition occurs when the Company transfers control by completing the specified services at the point in time the customer benefits from the services performed or once our products are delivered. The Company measures progress toward complete satisfaction of a performance obligation satisfied over time using a cost-based input method. This method of measuring progress provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods or services because the costs incurred are expected to be substantially proportionate to the Company’s satisfaction of the performance obligation. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for completing our performance obligations. Sales tax and other taxes we collect with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. In the case of contracts with multiple performance obligations, the Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on the relative stand-alone selling prices of the various goods and/or services encompassed by the contract. We do not have any material significant payment terms as payment is generally due within 30 days after the performance obligation has been satisfactorily completed. The Company has elected the practical expedient to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that we otherwise would have recognized is one year or less. In applying the guidance in Topic 606, there were no judgments or estimates made that the Company deems significant.

Contract Balances — Contract assets primarily relate to the Company’s rights to consideration for work completed in relation to its services performed but not billed at the reporting date. Contract liabilities primarily consist of advance payments of performance obligations yet to be fully satisfied in the period reported. Our contract liabilities and contract assets are reported in a net position at the end of each reporting period.

We disaggregate our revenue from contracts with customers by major lines of business for each of our segments, as we believe it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of our revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

The following table disaggregates our revenue by major lines:
For the First Quarter Ended,Second Quarter Ended,
March 21, 2020March 23, 2019June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
Total Net Sales by Major Lines of Business (thousands)
Total Net Sales by Major Lines of Business (thousands)
Environmental ServicesOil BusinessTotalEnvironmental ServicesOil BusinessTotal
Total Net Sales by Major Lines of Business (thousands)
Environmental ServicesOil BusinessTotalEnvironmental ServicesOil BusinessTotal
Parts cleaning, containerized waste, & related products/servicesParts cleaning, containerized waste, & related products/services$40,290  $—  $40,290  $38,134  $—  $38,134  Parts cleaning, containerized waste, & related products/services$33,283  $—  $33,283  $39,431  $—  $39,431  
Vacuum Services & Wastewater TreatmentVacuum Services & Wastewater Treatment14,618  —  14,618  13,976  —  13,976  Vacuum Services & Wastewater Treatment11,558  —  11,558  14,622  —  14,622  
Field ServicesField Services9,623  —  9,623  3,841  —  3,841  Field Services4,562  —  4,562  3,961  —  3,961  
Antifreeze BusinessAntifreeze Business6,677  —  6,677  6,658  —  6,658  Antifreeze Business4,562  —  4,562  6,139  —  6,139  
Environmental Services - OtherEnvironmental Services - Other480  —  480  403  —  403  Environmental Services - Other427  —  427  357  —  357  
Re-refinery Product SalesRe-refinery Product Sales—  25,436  25,436  —  24,035  24,035  Re-refinery Product Sales—  12,051  12,051  —  27,292  27,292  
Oil Collection Services & RFOOil Collection Services & RFO—  3,289  3,289  —  3,962  3,962  Oil Collection Services & RFO—  6,658  6,658  —  6,330  6,330  
Oil Filter BusinessOil Filter Business—  1,066  1,066  —  1,215  1,215  Oil Filter Business—  1,009  1,009  —  1,106  1,106  
Revenues from Contracts with CustomersRevenues from Contracts with Customers71,688  29,791  101,479  63,012  29,212  92,224  Revenues from Contracts with Customers54,392  19,718  74,110  64,510  34,728  99,238  
Rental incomeRental income5,765  20  5,785  3,484  64  3,548  Rental income5,408  —  5,408  5,686  76  5,762  
Total RevenuesTotal Revenues$77,453  $29,811  $107,264  $66,496  $29,276  $95,772  Total Revenues$59,800  $19,718  $79,518  $70,196  $34,804  $105,000  


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First Half Ended,
June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
Total Net Sales by Major Lines of Business (thousands)Environmental ServicesOil BusinessTotalEnvironmental ServicesOil BusinessTotal
Parts cleaning, containerized waste, & related products/services$73,573  $—  $73,573  $77,565  $—  $77,565  
Vacuum Services & Wastewater Treatment26,176  —  26,176  28,598  —  28,598  
Field Services14,185  —  14,185  7,802  —  7,802  
Antifreeze Business11,238  —  11,238  12,797  —  12,797  
Environmental Services - Other907  —  907  760  —  760  
Re-refinery Product Sales—  37,488  37,488  —  51,326  51,326  
Oil Collection Services & RFO—  9,947  9,947  —  10,300  10,300  
Oil Filter Business—  2,074  2,074  —  2,321  2,321  
Revenues from Contracts with Customers126,079  49,509  175,588  127,522  63,947  191,469  
Rental income11,173  21  11,194  9,171  133  9,304  
Total Revenues$137,252  $49,530  $186,782  $136,693  $64,080  $200,773  


The following table provides information about contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers:
(thousands)March 21, 2020December 28, 2019
Contract assets$68  $64  
Contract liabilities2,496  2,316  
Contract liabilities - net$2,428  $2,252  
11


(thousands)June 13, 2020December 28, 2019
Contract assets$86  $64  
Contract liabilities2,239  2,316  
Contract liabilities - net$2,153  $2,252  

During the fiscal quarter ended March 21,June 13, 2020, the Company recognized $2.3 million of revenue that was included in the contract liabilities balance as of December 28, 2019. During the two fiscal quarters ended June 13, 2020, the Company recognized $2.3 million of revenue that was included in the contract liabilities balance as of December 28, 2019. The Company has no assets recognized from costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer. We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.


(5)    ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE


Accounts Receivable — Net, includes amounts billed and currently due from customers. The amounts due are stated at their net estimated realizable value. The allowance for doubtful accounts is our best estimate of the amount of probable lifetime-expected credit losses in existing accounts receivable and is determined based on our historical collections experience, age of the receivable, knowledge of the customer and the condition of the general economy and industry as a whole. The Company does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its customers.


        Accounts receivable for the firstsecond quarter ended March 21,June 13, 2020, and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 consisted of the following:
(thousands)(thousands)March 21,
2020
December 28,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
December 28,
2019
TradeTrade$53,901  $54,420  Trade$46,290  $54,420  
Less: allowance for doubtful accountsLess: allowance for doubtful accounts1,644  2,221  Less: allowance for doubtful accounts2,258  2,221  
Trade - netTrade - net52,257  52,199  Trade - net44,032  52,199  
Related partiesRelated parties2,309  1,560  Related parties2,451  1,560  
OtherOther556  1,827  Other618  1,827  
Total accounts receivable - netTotal accounts receivable - net$55,122  $55,586  Total accounts receivable - net$47,101  $55,586  

14


The following table provides the changes in the Company’s allowance for doubtful accounts for the firstsecond quarter ended March 21,June 13, 2020, and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019:
(thousands)(thousands)March 21,
2020
December 28,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
December 28,
2019
Balance at beginning of periodBalance at beginning of period$2,221  $1,816  Balance at beginning of period$2,221  $1,816  
Provision for bad debtsProvision for bad debts189  1,486  Provision for bad debts1,110  1,486  
Accounts written off, net of recoveriesAccounts written off, net of recoveries(766) (1,081) Accounts written off, net of recoveries(1,073) (1,081) 
Balance at end of periodBalance at end of period$1,644  $2,221  Balance at end of period$2,258  $2,221  


(6)    INVENTORY

The carrying value of inventory consisted of the following:
(thousands) (thousands)March 21,
2020
December 28,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
December 28,
2019
Used oil and processed oilUsed oil and processed oil$9,797  $8,349  Used oil and processed oil$7,364  $8,349  
Solvents and solutionsSolvents and solutions8,443  8,694  Solvents and solutions7,231  8,694  
MachinesMachines4,619  5,440  Machines4,738  5,440  
Drums and suppliesDrums and supplies4,238  4,697  Drums and supplies4,262  4,697  
OtherOther2,441  2,632  Other2,419  2,632  
Total inventoryTotal inventory29,538  29,812  Total inventory26,014  29,812  
Less: machine refurbishing reserveLess: machine refurbishing reserve426  439  Less: machine refurbishing reserve392  439  
Total inventory - netTotal inventory - net$29,112  $29,373  Total inventory - net$25,622  $29,373  
 
12


Inventory consists primarily of used oil, processed oil, solvents and solutions, new and refurbished parts cleaning machines, drums and supplies, and other items. Inventories are valued at the lower of first-in, first-out (FIFO) cost or net realizable value, net of any reserves for excess, obsolete, or unsalable inventory. The Company routinely monitors its inventory levels at each of its locations and evaluates inventories for excess or slow-moving items. If circumstances indicate the cost of inventories exceed their recoverable value, inventories are reduced to net realizable value. The Company had 0 inventory write downs during the first quarter of fiscal 2020 or fiscal 2019.


(7)   PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant, and equipment consisted of the following:
(thousands) (thousands)March 21,
2020
December 28,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
December 28,
2019
Machinery, vehicles, and equipmentMachinery, vehicles, and equipment$127,502  $127,242  Machinery, vehicles, and equipment$129,091  $127,242  
Buildings and storage tanksBuildings and storage tanks71,607  71,616  Buildings and storage tanks71,924  71,616  
LandLand9,647  9,664  Land9,657  9,664  
Leasehold improvementsLeasehold improvements6,523  6,523  Leasehold improvements6,568  6,523  
Construction in progressConstruction in progress13,275  7,958  Construction in progress14,925  7,958  
Assets held for saleAssets held for sale—   Assets held for sale—   
Total property, plant and equipmentTotal property, plant and equipment228,554  223,007  Total property, plant and equipment232,165  223,007  
Less: accumulated depreciationLess: accumulated depreciation70,623  68,096  Less: accumulated depreciation73,063  68,096  
Property, plant and equipment - netProperty, plant and equipment - net$157,931  $154,911  Property, plant and equipment - net$159,102  $154,911  
(thousands) (thousands)March 21,
2020
December 28,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
December 28,
2019
Equipment at customersEquipment at customers$79,201  $77,914  Equipment at customers$80,021  $77,914  
Less: accumulated depreciationLess: accumulated depreciation54,827  53,682  Less: accumulated depreciation56,014  53,682  
Equipment at customers - netEquipment at customers - net$24,374  $24,232  Equipment at customers - net$24,007  $24,232  

15


        Depreciation expense for the first quartersecond quarters ended March 21,June 13, 2020 and March 23,June 15, 2019 was $4.4$4.5 million and $3.1$3.3 million, respectively, and depreciation expense for the first half ended June 13, 2020 and June 15, 2019 was $8.8 million and $6.4 million, respectively.
13



(8) GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill is measured as a residual amount as of the acquisition date, which in most cases results in measuring goodwill as an excess of the purchase consideration transferred plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree over the fair value of the net assets acquired, including any contingent consideration. The Company tests goodwill for impairment annually in the fourth quarter and in interim periods if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company's determination of fair value requires certain assumptions and estimates, such as margin expectations, market conditions, growth expectations, expected changes in working capital, etc., regarding expected future profitability and expected future cash flows. The Company tests goodwill for impairment at each of its 2 reporting units, Environmental Services and Oil Business.

The following table shows changes to our goodwill balances by segment from December 28, 2019 to March 21,June 13, 2020:
(thousands)
(thousands)
Oil BusinessEnvironmental ServicesTotal
(thousands)
Oil BusinessEnvironmental ServicesTotal
Goodwill at December 28, 2019Goodwill at December 28, 2019Goodwill at December 28, 2019
Gross carrying amount Gross carrying amount$3,952  $32,997  $36,949   Gross carrying amount$3,952  $32,997  $36,949  
Accumulated impairment loss Accumulated impairment loss(3,952) —  (3,952)  Accumulated impairment loss(3,952) —  (3,952) 
Net book value at December 28, 2019Net book value at December 28, 2019$—  $32,997  $32,997  Net book value at December 28, 2019$—  $32,997  $32,997  
AcquisitionsAcquisitions—  4,516  —  
Measurement period and other adjustmentsMeasurement period and other adjustments—  (7) (7) Measurement period and other adjustments—  (3) (3) 
Goodwill at March 21, 2020
Goodwill at June 13, 2020Goodwill at June 13, 2020
Gross carrying amount Gross carrying amount3,952  32,990  36,942   Gross carrying amount3,952  37,510  41,462  
Accumulated impairment loss Accumulated impairment loss(3,952) —  (3,952)  Accumulated impairment loss(3,952) —  (3,952) 
Net book value at March 21, 2020$—  $32,990  $32,990  
Net book value at June 13, 2020Net book value at June 13, 2020$—  $37,510  $37,510  

The following is a summary of software and other intangible assets:
March 21, 2020December 28, 2019June 13, 2020December 28, 2019
(thousands)
(thousands)
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
(thousands)
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountGross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Amount
Customer & supplier relationshipsCustomer & supplier relationships$25,531  $14,545  $10,986  $25,551  $13,886  $11,665  Customer & supplier relationships$28,177  $15,291  $12,886  $25,551  $13,886  $11,665  
SoftwareSoftware8,229  5,033  3,196  8,093  4,887  3,206  Software8,341  5,182  3,159  8,093  4,887  3,206  
Non-compete agreementsNon-compete agreements3,590  3,087  503  3,603  3,068  535  Non-compete agreements4,043  3,141  902  3,603  3,068  535  
Patents, formulae, and licensesPatents, formulae, and licenses1,769  791  978  1,769  774  995  Patents, formulae, and licenses1,769  809  960  1,769  774  995  
OtherOther1,701  1,241  460  1,702  1,211  491  Other1,701  1,270  431  1,702  1,211  491  
Total software and intangible assets - netTotal software and intangible assets - net$40,820  $24,697  $16,123  $40,718  $23,826  $16,892  Total software and intangible assets - net$44,031  $25,693  $18,338  $40,718  $23,826  $16,892  

Amortization expense was $0.9$1.0 million for the second quarter ended June 13, 2020, and $0.7 million for the second quarter ended June 15, 2019. Amortization expense was $1.9 million for the first quarterhalf ended March 21,June 13, 2020, and $1.0$1.8 million for the first quarterhalf ended March 23,June 15, 2019.








16


The weighted average useful lives of software and other intangibles are as follows:
Weighted Average Useful Life (years)
Patents, formulae, & licenses15
Customer and supplier relationships11
Software9
Non-compete agreements5
Other intangibles7

14


        The estimated amortization expense for the remainder of fiscal 2020 and each of the five succeeding fiscal years is as follows:
(millions)
(millions)
(millions)
Fiscal YearFiscal YearAmortization ExpenseFiscal YearAmortization Expense
20202020$2.62020$2.1
202120213.220213.7
202220223.020223.5
202320232.420233.0
202420240.920241.4
202520250.720251.2

The preceding expected amortization expense is an estimate. Actual amounts of amortization expense may differ from estimated amounts due to additional intangible asset acquisitions, the finalization of the fair value of intangible assets that have been acquired from business combinations, disposal of intangible assets, accelerated amortization of intangible assets, and other events.

(9)   ACCOUNTS PAYABLE

Accounts payable consisted of the following:
(thousands)
(thousands)
March 21,
2020
December 28,
2019
(thousands)
June 13,
2020
December 28,
2019
Accounts payableAccounts payable$30,196  $37,690  Accounts payable$31,178  $37,690  
Accounts payable - related partiesAccounts payable - related parties411  368  Accounts payable - related parties429  368  
Total accounts payableTotal accounts payable$30,607  $38,058  Total accounts payable$31,607  $38,058  




















17


(10)   DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS
Bank Credit Facility

        The Company's Credit Agreement ("Credit Agreement"), dated February 21, 2017, provides for borrowings of up to $95.0 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions, comprised of a term loan of $30.0 million and up to $65.0 million of borrowings under a revolving loan. The actual amount of borrowings available under the revolving loan portion of the Credit Agreement is limited by the Company's total leverage ratio. The amount available to draw at any point in time would be further reduced by any standby letters of credit issued.

Loans made under the Credit Agreement may be Base Rate Loans or LIBOR Rate Loans, at the election of the Company subject to certain exceptions. Base Rate Loans have an interest rate equal to (i) the higher of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, (b) the London Interbank Offering Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 1%, or (c) Bank of America's prime rate, plus (ii) a variable margin of between 0.75% and 1.75% depending on the Company's total leverage ratio, calculated on a consolidated basis. LIBOR rate loans have an interest rate equal to (i) the LIBOR rate plus (ii) a variable margin of between 1.75% and 2.75% depending on the Company's total leverage ratio. Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement are secured by a security interest in substantially all of the Company's tangible and intangible assets.

On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends to phase out the London Interbank Offered Rate by the end of 2021. We expect that widespread use of LIBOR will transition to alternative interest rates in the near future. Since loans made under our Credit Agreement may be based on LIBOR based loans, the phasing out of LIBOR may adversely affect interest rates that could result in higher borrowing costs and higher interest expense. The Company is currently evaluating its options under our Credit Agreement, but at this time we cannot reasonably estimate the impact to our financial statements.

The Credit Agreement contains customary terms and provisions (including representations, covenants, and conditions) for transactions of this type. Certain covenants, among other things, restrict the Company's and its subsidiaries' ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make investments and sell assets. The Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default, covenants and representations and warranties. Financial covenants include:
15



An interest coverage ratio (based on interest expense and EBITDA) of at least 3.5 to 1.0;

A total leverage ratio no greater than 3.00 to 1.00, provided that in the event of a permitted acquisition having an aggregate consideration equal to $10.0 million or more, at the Borrower’s election, the total leverage ratio shall be deemed to be 3.25 to 1.00 for the fiscal quarter in which such permitted acquisition occurs and the three immediately following fiscal quarters and thereafter will revert to 3.00 to 1.00; and

A capital expenditures covenant limiting capital expenditures to $100.0 million plus, if the capital expenditures permitted have been fully utilized, an additional amount for the remaining term of the Credit Agreement equal to 35% of EBITDA for the thirteen “four-week” periods most recently ended immediately prior to the full utilization of such $100.0 million basket.

The Credit Agreement places certain limitations on acquisitions and the payment of dividends.

Debt at March 21,June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019 consisted of the following:
(thousands)March 21, 2020December 28, 2019
Principal amount$30,000  $30,000  
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs582  652  
Long-term debt, less current maturities$29,418  $29,348  

(thousands)June 13, 2020December 28, 2019
Principal amount$30,000  $30,000  
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs513  652  
Long-term debt, less current maturities$29,487  $29,348  

For both the first fiscalsecond quarters ended March 21,June 13, 2020 and March 23,June 15, 2019, the Company recorded interest expense of $0.4 million of which $0.3 million is with respect to our term loan, and $0.1 million related to amortization of debt issuance costs.
For the first half ended June 13, 2020, the Company recorded interest expense of $0.9 million, of which $0.8 million is with respect to our term loan, and $0.1 million related to amortization of debt issuance costs. For the first half ended June 15, 2019, the Company recorded $0.8 million of interest expense.

18


The Company's weighted average interest rate for all debt as of March 21,June 13, 2020, and March 23,June 15, 2019 was 3.7% and 4.5%4.4%, respectively.

As of March 21,June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under its Credit Agreement. As of March 21,June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, the Company had $1.7 million and $1.1 million of standby letters of credit issued, respectively, and $63.3 million and $63.9 million was available for borrowing under the bank credit facility, respectively. We believe that the carrying value of our debt balance at March 21,June 13, 2020 approximates fair value.


1619




(11)   SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has 2 reportable segments: "Environmental Services" and "Oil Business." The Environmental Services segment consists primarily of the Company's parts cleaning, containerized waste management, vacuum truck service, antifreeze recycling activities, and field services. The Oil Business segment consists primarily of the Company's used oil collection, used oil re-refining activities, and the dehydration of used oil to be sold as recycled fuel oil.

No single customer in either segment accounted for more than 10.0% of consolidated revenues in any of the periods presented. There were no intersegment revenues. Both the Environmental Services and Oil Business segments operate in the United States and, to an immaterial degree, in Ontario, Canada. As such, the Company is not disclosing operating results by geographic segment.

Segment results for the firstsecond quarters ended March 21,June 13, 2020, and March 23,June 15, 2019 were as follows:
First Quarter Ended,
March 21, 2020
(thousands)

Environmental
Services
Oil BusinessCorporate and
Eliminations
Consolidated
Second Quarter Ended,Second Quarter Ended,
June 13, 2020June 13, 2020
(thousands)(thousands)

Environmental
Services
Oil BusinessCorporate and
Eliminations
Consolidated
RevenuesRevenuesRevenues
Service revenues$60,960  $2,797  $—  $63,757  Service revenues$46,097  $6,150  $—  $52,247  
Product revenues10,728  26,994  —  37,722  Product revenues8,295  13,568  —  21,863  
Rental income5,765  20  —  5,785  Rental income5,408  —  —  5,408  
Total revenuesTotal revenues$77,453  $29,811  $—  $107,264  Total revenues$59,800  $19,718  $—  $79,518  
Operating expensesOperating expensesOperating expenses
Operating costs56,40426,846—  83,250Operating costs49,10423,189—  72,293
Operating depreciation and amortization2,2712,055—  4,326Operating depreciation and amortization2,3482,082—  4,430
Profit before corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses$18,778  $910  $—  $19,688  
Profit (loss) before corporate selling, general, and administrative expensesProfit (loss) before corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses$8,348  $(5,553) $—  $2,795  
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses11,52211,522Selling, general, and administrative expenses11,13411,134
Depreciation and amortization from SG&ADepreciation and amortization from SG&A942942Depreciation and amortization from SG&A1,0251,025
Total selling, general, and administrative expensesTotal selling, general, and administrative expenses$12,464  $12,464  Total selling, general, and administrative expenses$12,159  $12,159  
Other expense - net272  272
Operating income6,952
Other income - netOther income - net(6,796) (6,796)
Operating lossOperating loss(2,568)
Interest expense – netInterest expense – net214214Interest expense – net344344
Income before income taxes$6,738  
Loss before income taxesLoss before income taxes$(2,912) 










1720


First Quarter Ended,
March 23, 2019
(thousands)

Environmental
Services
Oil BusinessCorporate and
Eliminations
Consolidated
Second Quarter Ended,Second Quarter Ended,
June 15, 2019June 15, 2019
(thousands)(thousands)

Environmental
Services
Oil BusinessCorporate and
Eliminations
Consolidated
RevenuesRevenuesRevenues
Service revenues$52,875  $3,491  $—  $56,366  Service revenues$54,332  $3,604  $—  $57,936  
Product revenues10,137  25,721  —  35,858  Product revenues10,178  31,124  —  41,302  
Rental income3,484  64  —  3,548  Rental income5,686  76  —  5,762  
Total revenuesTotal revenues$66,496  $29,276  $—  $95,772  Total revenues$70,196  $34,804  $—  $105,000  
Operating expensesOperating expensesOperating expenses
Operating costs50,16332,320—  82,483Operating costs49,37429,475—  78,849
Operating depreciation and amortization1,6361,434—  3,070Operating depreciation and amortization1,8721,436—  3,308
Profit (loss) before corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses$14,697  $(4,478) $—  $10,219  
Profit before corporate selling, general, and administrative expensesProfit before corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses$18,950  $3,893  $—  $22,843  
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses12,39612,396Selling, general, and administrative expenses11,04211,042
Depreciation and amortization from SG&ADepreciation and amortization from SG&A1,0661,066Depreciation and amortization from SG&A753753
Total selling, general, and administrative expensesTotal selling, general, and administrative expenses$13,462  $13,462  Total selling, general, and administrative expenses$11,795  $11,795  
Other income - net(58)(58)
Operating loss(3,185)
Other expense - netOther expense - net1,514  1,514
Operating incomeOperating income9,534
Interest expense – netInterest expense – net230230Interest expense – net219219
Loss before income taxes$(3,415) 
Income before income taxesIncome before income taxes$9,315  

Segment results for the first half ended June 13, 2020, and June 15, 2019 were as follows:

First Half Ended,
June 13, 2020
(thousands)Environmental ServicesOil BusinessCorporate and EliminationsConsolidated
Revenues
  Service revenues$107,056  $8,948  $—  $116,004  
  Product revenues19,023  40,561  —  59,584  
  Rental income11,173  21  —  11,194  
Total revenues$137,252  $49,530  $—  $186,782  
Operating expenses
  Operating costs105,50850,035—  155,543
  Operating depreciation and amortization4,6184,136—  8,754
Profit (loss) before corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses$27,126  $(4,641) $—  $22,485  
Selling, general, and administrative expenses22,65622,656
Depreciation and amortization from SG&A1,9691,969
Total selling, general, and administrative expenses$24,625  $24,625  
Other income - net(6,525)(6,525)
Operating income4,385
Interest expense – net558558
Income before income taxes$3,827  


21




First Half Ended,
June 15, 2019
(thousands)Environmental ServicesOil BusinessCorporate and EliminationsConsolidated
Revenues
   Service revenues$107,207  $7,102  $—  $114,309  
   Product revenues20,315  56,845  —  77,160  
   Rental income9,171  133  —  9,304  
Total revenues$136,693  $64,080  $—  $200,773  
Operating expenses
   Operating costs99,538  61,794  —  161,332  
   Operating depreciation and amortization3,508  2,868  —  6,376  
Profit (loss) before corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses$33,647  $(582) $—  $33,065  
Selling, general, and administrative expenses23,438  23,438  
Depreciation and amortization from SG&A1,820  1,820  
Total selling, general, and administrative expenses$25,258  $25,258  
Other expense - net1,457  1,457  
Operating income6,350  
Interest expense – net449  449  
Income before income taxes$5,901  


Total assets by segment as of March 21,June 13, 2020, and December 28, 2019 were as follows:
(thousands)March 21, 2020December 28, 2019
Total Assets:
Environmental Services$225,308  $224,657  
Oil Business170,688  171,104  
Unallocated Corporate Assets70,662  75,553  
Total$466,658  $471,314  

(thousands)June 13, 2020December 28, 2019
Total Assets:
Environmental Services$222,946  $224,657  
Oil Business164,675  171,104  
Unallocated Corporate Assets65,171  75,553  
Total$452,792  $471,314  

Segment assets for the Environmental Services and Oil Business segments consist of property, plant, and equipment, right-of-use assets, intangible assets, accounts receivable, goodwill, and inventories. Assets for the corporate unallocated amounts consist of property, plant, and equipment used at the corporate headquarters as well as cash and net deferred tax assets.

1822



(12)    COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

LEASES

Lessee

The Company leases buildings and property, railcars, machinery and equipment, trailers and various types of vehicles for use in our operations. Each arrangement is evaluated individually to determine if the arrangement is or contains a lease at inception. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components and we have elected to not separate lease and non-lease components for all classes of underlying assets. In addition, our lease agreements do not contain any material residual guarantees or restrictive covenants.

Leases may include variable lease payments for common area maintenance, real estate taxes, and truck lease mileage. No leases are tied to a market index rate or CPI. Variable lease payments are not included in the initial measurement of the right-of-use assets or lease liabilities, and are recorded as lease expense in the period incurred. Options to extend or terminate a lease are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. We have elected not to record leases with an initial term of 12 months or less on the balance sheet and instead recognize those lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Leases with initial terms in excess of 12 months are recorded as either operating or financing leases in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.

Right-of-use assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset during the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Our leased right-of-use assets are measured at the initial measurement of the lease liability, adjusted for any lease payments made prior to the lease commencement date, less any lease incentives received and other initial direct costs incurred. Our lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date, including lease term, in determining the present value of future payments.

Our leases have remaining terms ranging from less than one month to approximately 11 years and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Our finance leases include a fleet of mobile equipment.




























1923


The components of lease expense were as follows:
For the First Quarter EndedFor the Second Quarter EndedFor the First Half Ended
(thousands)(thousands)March 21,
2020
March 23,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
Finance lease cost:Finance lease cost:Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets Amortization of right-of-use assets$322  $—   Amortization of right-of-use assets$350  $—  $672  $—  
Interest on lease liabilities Interest on lease liabilities74  —   Interest on lease liabilities78  —  151  —  
Total finance lease costTotal finance lease cost$396  $—  Total finance lease cost$428  $—  $823  $—  
Operating lease costOperating lease cost$6,051  $6,031  Operating lease cost$5,719  $6,421  $11,638  $12,452  
Short-term lease costShort-term lease cost1,360  1,404  Short-term lease cost1,694  667  3,182  2,071  
Variable lease costVariable lease cost1,033  1,093  Variable lease cost813  874  1,847  1,967  
Total lease costTotal lease cost$8,444  $8,528  Total lease cost$8,226  $7,962  $16,667  $16,490  
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from financing leases Operating cash flows from financing leases$66  $—   Operating cash flows from financing leases$78  $—  $144  $—  
Operating cash flows from operating leases Operating cash flows from operating leases$6,523  $6,341   Operating cash flows from operating leases$6,219  $6,554  $12,676  $13,251  
Financing cash flows from financing leases Financing cash flows from financing leases$210  $—   Financing cash flows from financing leases$253  $—  $462  $—  
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilitiesRight-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities$3,264  $—  Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities$—  $—  $3,264  $—  
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilitiesRight-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$588  $67,593  Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$1,151  $2,808  $1,816  $80,127  
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
Finance leases Finance leases6.6—   Finance leases6.4—  
Operating leases Operating leases4.94.9 Operating leases4.84.4
Weighted-average discount rateWeighted-average discount rateWeighted-average discount rate
Finance leases Finance leases3.4 %— % Finance leases3.4 %— %
Operating leases Operating leases5.8 %5.5 % Operating leases5.8 %5.6 %


Future annual minimum lease payment commitments as of March 21,June 13, 2020 were as follows:
(thousands)
Year 1$26,29925,867  
Year 221,00720,380  
Year 317,20416,408  
Year 413,12512,287  
Year 59,3988,733  
 thereafter15,77813,857  
Total minimum lease payments$102,81197,532  
Less: imputed interest13,51212,408  
Lease liability$89,29985,124  





Lessor
2024



Lessor

The Company is a lessor of portions of a building and property, railcars, and equipment such as embedded leases of parts cleaning machines. Each of the Company’s leases is classified as an operating lease, and the vast majority are short-term leases. Variable lease payments include real and personal property taxes, which are based on the lessee’s pro rata portion of such amounts, and excess mileage charges which are computed as the actual miles traveled in a calendar year minus the maximum average mileage allowance as specified per the contract. Options to extend the lease beyond the original terms range from day-to-day renewals to increments of five-year extensions. Options to terminate the lease range from immediate termination upon return of the asset to various written notification periods following a minimum lease term. Options for a lessee to purchase the underlying asset are not contractually specified but may be negotiated on a case-by-case basis. Significant judgments made in determining whether a contract contains a lease include assessments as to whether or not the contract conveys the right to direct the use of an identified asset. Significant judgments made in allocating consideration between lease and non-lease components include techniques applied in estimating the relative stand-alone selling prices of the lease and non-lease components of the contract in cases where a stand-alone selling price is not directly observable. As of March 21,June 13, 2020, the Company is party to a contract under which it leases railcars to the related party Calumet Specialty Products Partners, L.P. No leased assets are covered by residual value guarantees. The Company manages the risk associated with the residual value of leased assets through such means as performing periodic maintenance and upkeep activities and the inclusion of contractual terms that hold the lessee responsible for damage incurred to leased assets. Contained in Note 7, “Property, plant, and equipment,” are disclosures concerning the Company’s underlying assets under operating leases. The Company has made an accounting policy election to exclude from the consideration in the contract, and from variable payments not included in the consideration in the contract, all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific lease revenue-producing transaction and collected by the lessor from a lessee.

The Company recognizes rental income on a straight-line basis for that portion of the consideration allocated to the embedded lease component of certain of our parts cleaning contracts. We also recognize rental income on certain subleases of railcars and portions of a building and property.

Rental income was as follows:
For the First Quarter EndedSecond Quarter Ended,
March 21, 2020March 23, 2019June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
(thousands)(thousands)Environmental ServicesOil BusinessTotalEnvironmental ServicesOil BusinessTotal(thousands)Environmental ServicesOil BusinessTotalEnvironmental ServicesOil BusinessTotal
Parts CleaningParts Cleaning$5,765  $—  $5,765  $3,484  $—  $3,484  Parts Cleaning$5,408  $—  $5,408  $5,686  $—  $5,686  
RailcarsRailcars—  16  16  —  57  57  Railcars—  —  —  —  56  56  
PropertyProperty—    —    Property—  —  —  —  20  20  
Total rental incomeTotal rental income$5,765  $20  $5,785  $3,484  $64  $3,548  Total rental income$5,408  $—  $5,408  $5,686  $76  $5,762  


First Half Ended,
June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
(thousands)Environmental ServicesOil BusinessTotalEnvironmental ServicesOil BusinessTotal
Parts Cleaning$11,173  $—  $11,173  $9,171  $—  $9,171  
Railcars—  16  16  —  113  113  
Property—    —  20  20  
Total rental income$11,173  $21  $11,194  $9,171  $133  $9,304  








25



Purchase Obligations

The Company may enter into purchase obligations with certain vendors. They represent expected payments to third party service providers and other commitments entered into during the normal course of our business. These purchase obligations are generally cancelable with or without notice, without penalty, although certain vendor agreements provide for cancellation fees or penalties depending on the terms of the contract.

The Company has purchase obligations in the form of open purchase orders of $25.8$16.7 million as of March 21,June 13, 2020, and $28.3 million as of December 28, 2019, primarily for used oil, solvent, machine purchases, disposal and transportation expenses, and capital expenditures.

The Company may be subject to investigations, claims or lawsuits as a result of operating its business, including matters governed by environmental laws and regulations. The Company may also be subject to tax audits in a variety of jurisdictions. When claims are asserted, the Company evaluates the likelihood that a loss will occur and records a liability for those instances when the likelihood is deemed probable and the exposure is reasonably estimable. The Company carries insurance at levels it believes are adequate to cover loss contingencies based on historical claims activity. When the potential loss exposure is limited to the insurance deductible and the likelihood of loss is determined to be probable, the Company accrues for the amount of the required deductible, unless a lower amount of exposure is estimated. As of March 21,June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, the Company had accruedaccrued $3.9 million and $4.0 million related to loss contingencies and other contingent liabilities, respectively.


21


(13)    INCOME TAXES

The Company deducted for federal income tax purposes accelerated "bonus" depreciation on the majority of its capital expenditures for assets placed in service in fiscal 2011 through the firstsecond quarter of 2020. Therefore, the Company recorded a noncurrent deferred tax liability as to the difference between the book basis and the tax basis of those assets. As of the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020, the Company's remaining Federal Net Operating Loss ("NOL") was $19.4$23.3 million, which will begin to expire in 2031. The unexpired balance on the federal NOL generated in 2011 is $0.4$4.1 million as of March 21,June 13, 2020. The Company's remaining balance of Federal NOLs recorded during 2012 - 2019 was $19.1$19.2 million as of March 21,June 13, 2020. There are also state NOLs of varying amounts, dependent on each state’s conformity with bonus depreciation. The remaining deferred tax asset related to the Company's state and federal NOL was a tax effected balance of $4.7$5.5 million.

The Company's effective tax rate for the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020 was 21.5%8.7% compared to 28.9%23.1% in the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2019. The rate decrease is principally attributable to the opposing effect on the tax rate from equity compensationchanges in year to date earnings in an income quarter as compared to a loss quarter.

The Company’s effective rate for the first half of fiscal 2020 was 31.2% compared to 19.7% in the first half of fiscal 2019. The rate increase is principally attributable to income taxes which are computed on a tax base that reflects substantial modifications to federal taxable income, and that has created comparatively high anticipated tax expense due to relatively low pre-tax income for fiscal 2020.

The Company establishes reserves when it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the full tax benefit of a position. The Company had a reserve of $2.7 million for uncertain tax positions as of March 21,June 13, 2020. The gross unrecognized tax benefits would, if recognized, decrease the Company's effective tax rate.


On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) was enacted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act permits NOLs incurred in 2018, 2019, and 2020 to be carried back to each of the five preceding taxable years to generate a refund of previously paid income taxes; increases the limitation on allowable business interest expense; allows for the refund of AMT credits not previously refunded among other things. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the CARES Act. At present, the Company anticipates a cash benefit from the refundable AMT credit provisions but does not expect that the NOL carryback provisions or interest expense limitation provisions would result in a material cash benefit.
2226



(14)    SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

On February 20, 2019, the Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2019 Incentive Award Plan (the “2019 Plan”), to replace the Company’s 2008 Omnibus Incentive Plan (“2008 Plan”), which expired in March 2018. The 2019 Plan was approved during the second quarter of 2019 and authorizes 1,500,000 shares to be available for award grants.

 Restricted Stock Compensation/Awards

Annually, the Company grants restricted shares to its Board of Directors. The shares become fully vested one year from their grant date. The fair value of each restricted stock grant is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant. The Company amortizes the expense over the service period, which is the fiscal year in which the award is granted. In addition, the Company may grant restricted shares to certain members of management based on their services and contingent upon continued service with the Company. The restricted shares vest over a period of approximately three years from the grant date. The fair value of each restricted stock grant is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant.

The following table shows a summary of restricted share grants and expense resulting from the awards:
        
Compensation ExpenseCompensation Expense
(thousands, except share amounts)(thousands, except share amounts)First Quarters Ended,Unrecognized Expense as of,(thousands, except share amounts)First Half Ended,Unrecognized Expense as of,
Recipient of GrantRecipient of GrantGrant DateRestricted SharesMarch 21, 2020March 23, 2019March 21, 2020March 23, 2019Recipient of GrantGrant DateRestricted SharesJune 13, 2020June 15, 2019June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
Members of ManagementMembers of ManagementFebruary, 2017146,564  $—  $89  $—  $296  Members of ManagementFebruary, 2017146,564  $—  $160  $—  $207  
Chief Executive OfficerChief Executive OfficerFebruary, 2017500,000  106  205  400  1,025  Chief Executive OfficerFebruary, 2017500,000  213  422  294  808  
Members of ManagementMembers of ManagementFebruary, 2018116,958  142  136  472  1,040  Members of ManagementFebruary, 2018116,958  248  233  367  943  
Special Incentive GrantSpecial Incentive GrantApril, 2018350,000  344  163  3,084  5,192  Special Incentive GrantApril, 2018350,000  251  317  2,371  4,231  
Board of DirectorsBoard of DirectorsMay, 201910,590  —  66  —  219  Board of DirectorsMay, 201910,590  —  132  —  153  
Members of ManagementMembers of ManagementMay, 201923,560  50  —  408  —  Members of ManagementMay, 201923,560  84  86  374  550  
Members of ManagementMembers of ManagementFebruary, 202041,138  165  —  705  —  Members of ManagementFebruary, 202041,138  302  350  568  —  
Board of DirectorsBoard of DirectorsApril, 202014,988  132  —  153  —  

In February 2017, as part of Mr. Recatto's employment agreement, the Company granted a restricted stock award of 500,000 shares of common stock, which vests through January 2021 in an amount based on the vesting table below, with the common stock price increase to be determined based on the increase in the price of the Company’s common stock (if any) from the closing price of the common stock as reported by Nasdaq on the employment commencement date ($15.00) and the common stock price on the potential vesting date (determined by using the weighted average closing price of a share of the Company's common stock for the 90-day period ending on the vesting date). If the stock price does not increase by $5.00, then 0 shares shall vest. During the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020, the Company recorded approximately $0.1$0.2 million of compensation expense related to this award. In the future, the Company expects to recognize compensation expense of approximately $0.4$0.3 million over the remaining requisite service period, which ends January 31, 2021. The fair value of this restricted stock award as of the grant date was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model. Key assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the grant date fair value of this award are a risk-free rate of 1.70%, expected dividend yield of 0, and an expected volatility assumption of 41.73%.


Vesting Table
Increase in Stock Price From the Employment Commencement Date to the Vesting DateTotal Percentage of Restricted Stock
Shares to Be Vested
Less than $5 per share increase—%
$5 per share increase25%
$10 per share increase50%
$15 per share increase75%
$20 or more per share increase100%




23
27



Provision for possible accelerated vesting of award

If the average closing price of the Company's common stock increases by the marginal levels set forth in the above vesting table for any consecutive 180 day period between the award date and final vesting date, Mr. Recatto shall become vested in 50% of the corresponding total percentage of restricted shares earned on the last day of the 180 day period.

Accelerated vestings achieved to date include the following:

Vesting DateMarginal Level TargetShares Fully Vested
March 14, 201825%62,500
June 10, 201950%62,500


The following table summarizes the restricted stock activity for the first quarterhalf ended March 21,June 13, 2020:
Restricted Stock (Nonvested Shares)Restricted Stock (Nonvested Shares)Number of SharesWeighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per ShareRestricted Stock (Nonvested Shares)Number of SharesWeighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per Share
Nonvested shares outstanding at December 28, 2019Nonvested shares outstanding at December 28, 2019784,579  $18.39  Nonvested shares outstanding at December 28, 2019784,579  $18.39  
GrantedGranted41,138  28.16  Granted56,126  25.72  
VestedVested(64,408) 19.15  Vested(74,998) 20.25  
ForfeitedForfeited(8,088) 15.42  Forfeited(48,887) 19.4  
Nonvested shares outstanding at March 21, 2020753,221  $17.34  
Nonvested shares outstanding at June 13, 2020Nonvested shares outstanding at June 13, 2020716,820  $16.64  

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

As of March 21,June 13, 2020, the Company had reserved 105,48396,324 shares of common stock available for purchase under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. In the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020, employees purchased 4,10213,261 shares of the Company’s common stock with a weighted average fair market value of $31.21$20.36 per share.

2428




(15)  EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table reconciles the number of shares outstanding for the second quarters and first quartershalf of fiscal 2020 and 2019, respectively, to the number of weighted average basic shares outstanding and the number of weighted average diluted shares outstanding for the purposes of calculating basic and diluted earnings per share:
First Quarter Ended, Second Quarter Ended,First Half Ended,
(thousands, except per share amounts) (thousands, except per share amounts)March 21, 2020March 23, 2019 (thousands, except per share amounts)June 13, 2020June 15, 2019June 13, 2020June 15, 2019
Net income (loss)$5,291  $(2,429) 
Net (loss) incomeNet (loss) income$(2,658) $7,164  $2,633  $4,736  
Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interestLess: income attributable to noncontrolling interest—  83  Less: income attributable to noncontrolling interest—  108  —  192  
Net income (loss) attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. available to common stockholders$5,291  $(2,512) 
Net (loss) income attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholdersNet (loss) income attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholders$(2,658) $7,056  $2,633  $4,544  
Weighted average basic shares outstandingWeighted average basic shares outstanding23,239  23,117  Weighted average basic shares outstanding23,260  23,137  23,249  23,127  
Dilutive shares for share–based compensation plansDilutive shares for share–based compensation plans183  —  Dilutive shares for share–based compensation plans—  231  185  239  
Weighted average diluted shares outstandingWeighted average diluted shares outstanding23,422  23,117  Weighted average diluted shares outstanding23,260  23,368  23,434  23,366  
Number of anti–dilutive potentially issuable shares excluded from diluted shares outstanding—  248  
Net income (loss) per share: basic$0.23  $(0.11) 
Net income (loss) per share: diluted$0.23  $(0.11) 
Net (loss) income per share: basicNet (loss) income per share: basic$(0.11) $0.30  $0.11  $0.20  
Net (loss) income per share: dilutedNet (loss) income per share: diluted$(0.11) $0.30  $0.11  $0.19  


(16)  OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE (INCOME) - NET

Other (income) expense (income) - net was $0.3$6.8 million of income for the second quarter of fiscal 2020 mainly driven by a $6.5 million reversal of settlement claims, compared to a net $1.5 million of other expense in the second quarter of 2019 mainly related to site closure costs. Other (income) expense - net was $6.5 million of income for the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020, compared to a net $0.1$1.5 million of other incomeexpense in the first quarterhalf of 2019.

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(17) SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On March 31, 2020, Heritage-Crystal Clean completed the acquisition of certain assets of Gro America (“Gro”), which has expanded our network of wastewater processing facilities and augmented our field services capabilities to better serve our customers throughout the Midwestern United States. This acquisition provides the Company with a first-class centralized wastewater treatment operation in Wyoming, Michigan just outside of Grand Rapids, and adds a robust field services business with expanded service capabilities which will allow us to reduce the use of subcontractors required to complete field services projects in certain geographies. Total consideration for the acquisition was approximately $10.0 million.

COVID-19 Pandemic

We are closely monitoring the spread and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and are continually assessing its potential effects on our business and our financial performance as well as the businesses of our customers and vendors. The Company cannot predict the duration or severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, and we cannot reasonably estimate the financial impact the COVID-19 outbreak will have on our results and significant estimates going forward.



ITEM 2.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

        You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 3, 2020. In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They use words such as "aim," "anticipate," "believe," "could," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "may," "plan," "project," "should," "will be," "will continue," "will likely result," "would" and other words and terms of similar meaning in conjunction with a discussion of future or estimated operating or financial performance. You should read statements that contain these words carefully, because they discuss our future expectations, contain projections of our future results of operations or of our financial position or state other “forward-looking” information. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this quarterly report. Factors that could cause such differences include those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal 2019 filed with the SEC on March 3, 2020. Except as required under federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the SEC, we do not have any intention, and do not undertake, to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances arising after the date of this quarterly report, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. As a result of these risks and uncertainties, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements included in this quarterly report or that may be made elsewhere from time to time by, or on behalf of, us. All forward-looking statements attributable to us are expressly qualified by these cautionary statements. Certain tabular information may not foot due to rounding. Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to December 31. Interim results are presented for the twelve weeks ("firstsecond quarter" or "quarter") ended, March 21,and twenty-four weeks ("first half") ended June 13, 2020 and March 23,June 15, 2019, respectively. "Fiscal 2019" represents the 52-week
29


period ended December 28, 2019 and "Fiscal 2020" represents the 53-week period beginning December 29, 2019, and ending on December 31, 2020.January 2, 2021.

Overview

We provide parts cleaning, containerized waste management, used oil collection, vacuum truck services, antifreeze recycling, and field services primarily to small and medium sized industrial customers as well as vehicle maintenance customers. We own and operate a used oil re-refinery, several wastewater treatment plants and multiple antifreeze recycling facilities. We believe we are the second largest provider of industrial and hazardous waste services to small and mid-sized customers in both the vehicle maintenance and industrial services sector in North America, and we have the second largest used oil re-refining capacity in North America. Our services help our customers manage their used chemicals and liquid and solid wastes while also helping to minimize their regulatory burdens. We operate from a network of 89 branch facilities providing services to customers in 45 states and parts of Canada. We conduct business through two segments: Environmental Services and Oil Business.

Our Environmental Services segment revenues are generated primarily from providing parts cleaning services, containerized waste management, vacuum truck services, antifreeze recycling, and field services. Revenues from this segment accounted for approximately 72%73% of our total Company revenues for the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020. In the Environmental
26


Services segment, we define and measure same-branch revenues for a given period as the subset of all our branches that have been open and operating throughout and between the periods being compared, and we refer to these as established branches. We calculate average revenues per working day by dividing our revenues by the number of non-holiday weekdays in the applicable fiscal year or fiscal quarter.

Our Oil Business segment consists primarily of our used oil collection, used oil re-refining activities, and recycled fuel oil ("RFO") sales which together accounted for approximately 28%27% of our total Company revenues in the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020.

        Our operating costs include the costs of the materials we use in our products and services, such as used oil collected from customers or purchased from third party collectors, solvent, and other chemicals. The used solvent that we retrieve from customers in our product reuse program is accounted for as a reduction in our net cost of solvent under operating costs, whether placed in inventory or sold to a purchaser for reuse. Changes in the price of crude oil can impact operating costs indirectly as it may impact the price we pay for solvent or used oil, although we attempt to offset volatility in the oil markets by managing the spread between the costs we pay for our materials and the prices we charge for our products and services. Operating costs also include transportation of solvents and waste, payments to third parties to recycle or dispose of the waste materials that we collect, and the costs of operating our re-refinery, recycling centers, waste water treatment facilities, hubs, and branch system including personnel costs (including commissions), facility rent, truck leases, fuel, and maintenance. Our operating costs as a percentage of sales generally increase in relation to the number of new branch openings. As new branches achieve route density and scale efficiencies, our operating costs as a percentage of sales generally decrease.

We use profit before corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses ("SG&A") as a key measure of segment profitability. We define profit before corporate SG&A expense as revenue less operating costs and depreciation and amortization from operations.

        Our corporate selling, general, and administrative expenses include the costs of performing centralized business functions, including sales management at or above the regional level, business management and marketing, billing, receivables management, accounting and finance, procurement, real estate management, information technology, environmental health and safety, human resources and legal.

We operate a used oil re-refinery located in Indianapolis, Indiana, through which we recycle used oil into high quality lubricant base oil and other products. We supply the base oil to firms that produce and market finished lubricants. Our re-refinery has an annual nameplate capacity of approximately 75 million gallons of used oil feedstock, allowing it to produce approximately 49 million gallons of lubricating base oil per year when operating at full capacity.

        
Critical Accounting Policies

Critical accounting policies are those that are both important to the accurate portrayal of a company’s financial condition and results and require subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.

30


In order to prepare financial statements that conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, commonly referred to as GAAP, we make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our financial statements and accompanying notes. Certain estimates are particularly sensitive due to their significance to the financial statements and the possibility that future events may be significantly different from our expectations.

There were no material changes during the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020 to the information provided under the heading "Critical Accounting Policies" included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019.

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Our Business

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruption and volatility on a global scale resulting in,
among other things, an economic slowdown. In response to the COVID-19 outbreak, national and local governments around the world have instituted certain measures, including travel bans, prohibitions on group events and gatherings, shutdowns of certain businesses, curfews, shelter-in-place orders and recommendations to practice social distancing. As our operations have been deemed essential, we have taken several measures to combat the COVID-19 downturn which have resulted in attenuating activity and, in some cases, required temporary closures of certain of our facilities, among other impacts. The duration of these measures is unknown and may be extended, and additional measures may be necessary. Our fiscal first quarter financial results
27


do not fully reflect the adverse impact that the COVID-19 pandemic has had on our business as our business first experienced the impact of the COVID-19 economic slowdown at the end of our first fiscal quarter.

As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, some of our customers have permanently or temporarily closed their businesses, limited our access to their businesses, or have a decreased demand for our products and services due to a slowdown in the demand for their own products and or services. We believe that we will experiencehave experienced a material decrease in activity in both our Environmental Services and our Oil Business segments during the second quarter of fiscal 2020, but we believe our second quarter results represent the bottom of this economic cycle for our business barring the wide-spread return of shelter-in-place orders. However, we cannot determine with certainty the full extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic will impact our business and operating results at this time.for the second half of fiscal 2020 and beyond. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows is highly uncertain and cannot be accurately predicted and is dependent on future developments, including the duration of the pandemic and the related length of its impact on the global economy, and any new information that may emerge concerning the COVID-19 outbreak and the actions to contain it or treat its impact. The continued impact on our business as a result of COVID-19 pandemic could result in a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, prospects and the trading prices of our securities in the near-term and beyond 2020.

During the second quarter we have takentook several actions to combat the COVID-19 outbreak induced downturn in our business including, but not limited to, the following:

Implementation of the Company's pandemic response plan;
Implementation of salarySalary reductions for all levels of management;
Planned implementation of furloughFurlough and worksharereduction in force programs;
Suspension of all material, non-essential capital expenditures;
Suspension of mergers & acquisitions (after the acquisition we closed on March 31, 2020);
Implementation of aA hiring freeze;
Launched a COVID-19 cleaning service; and
Moved into a material charge position for our used oil collection service.

In addition to the above actions, we have taken steps to minimize the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and to protect the safety of our employees and customers. Entering this economic downturn, we had a strong balance sheet and were in a net-cash position which we expect willexpected would position us to take advantage of some of the opportunities that we believe willbelieved would be in front of us once as we emergeemerged from this challenging time. As of the end of the second quarter of 2020, we continued to take steps to minimize the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and to protect the safety of our employees and customers. During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we did not have to access our revolving lines of credit to address any liquidity concerns and we remained in compliance with the covenants in our bank Credit Facility as we were able to generate positive cash flow from operations and maintain a strong balance sheet and net-cash position.






2831



RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

General

        The following table sets forth certain operating data as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:
For the First Quarter Ended,Second Quarter Ended,First Half Ended,
(thousands)(thousands)March 21,
2020
March 23,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
RevenuesRevenuesRevenues
Service revenuesService revenues$63,757  59.4 %$56,366  58.9 %Service revenues$52,247  65.7 %$57,936  55.2 %$116,004  62.1 %$114,309  56.9 %
Product revenuesProduct revenues37,722  35.2 %35,858  37.4 %Product revenues21,863  27.5 %41,302  39.3 %59,584  31.9 %77,160  38.4 %
Rental incomeRental income5,785  5.4 %3,548  3.7 %Rental income5,408  6.8 %5,762  5.5 %11,194  6.0 %9,304  4.6 %
Total revenuesTotal revenues$107,264  100.0 %$95,772  100.0 %Total revenues$79,518  100.0 %$105,000  100.0 %$186,782  100.0 %$200,773  100.0 %
Operating expensesOperating expensesOperating expenses
Operating costsOperating costs$83,250  77.6 %$82,483  86.1 %Operating costs$72,293  90.9 %$78,849  75.1 %$155,543  83.3 %$161,332  80.4 %
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses11,522  10.7 %12,396  12.9 %Selling, general, and administrative expenses11,134  14.0 %11,042  10.5 %22,656  12.1 %23,438  11.7 %
Depreciation and amortizationDepreciation and amortization5,268  4.9 %4,136  4.3 %Depreciation and amortization5,455  6.9 %4,061  3.9 %10,723  5.7 %8,196  4.1 %
Other expense (income) - net272  0.3 %(58) (0.1)%
Operating income (loss)6,952  6.5 %(3,185) (3.3)%
Other (income) expense - netOther (income) expense - net(6,796) (8.5)%1,514  1.4 %(6,525) (3.5)%1,457  0.7 %
Operating (loss) incomeOperating (loss) income(2,568) (3.2)%9,534  9.1 %4,385  2.3 %6,350  3.2 %
Interest expense – netInterest expense – net214  0.2 %230  0.2 %Interest expense – net344  0.4 %219  0.2 %558  0.3 %449  0.2 %
Income (loss) before income taxes6,738  6.3 %(3,415) (3.6)%
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes1,447  1.3 %(986) (1.0)%
Net income (loss)5,291  4.9 %(2,429) (2.5)%
(Loss) income before income taxes(Loss) income before income taxes(2,912) (3.7)%9,315  8.9 %3,827  2.0 %5,901  2.9 %
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(254) (0.3)%2,151  2.0 %1,194  0.6 %1,165  0.6 %
Net (loss) incomeNet (loss) income(2,658) (3.3)%7,164  6.8 %2,633  1.4 %4,736  2.4 %
Income attributable to noncontrolling interestIncome attributable to noncontrolling interest—  — %83  0.1 %Income attributable to noncontrolling interest—  — %108  0.1 %—  — %192  0.1 %
Net income (loss) attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholders$5,291  4.9 %$(2,512) (2.6)%
Net (loss) income attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholdersNet (loss) income attributable to Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. common stockholders$(2,658) (3.3)%$7,056  6.7 %$2,633  1.4 %$4,544  2.3 %

Revenues

Revenue for the firstsecond quarter of 2020 was $107.3$79.5 million compared to $95.8$105.0 million for the same quarter of 2019, an increasea decrease of $11.5$25.5 million, or 12.0%(24.3)%. The $11.5$25.5 million increasedecrease in revenuerevenues was drivenmainly due to COVID-19 related volume declines in most of our product and service lines, partially offset by 16.5% revenue growthfavorable pricing variances in the Environmental Services segment,our parts cleaning, containerized waste, and antifreeze lines of business, along with a 1.8% increasesignificant decrease in revenuethe demand for finished lubricants which directly impacted demand for our base oil products. For the first half of fiscal 2020, revenues decreased $14.0 million, or (7.0)%, from our Oil Business segment. The increase$200.8 million in revenue wasthe first half of fiscal 2019 to $186.8 million in the first half of 2020 mainly driven mainly by COVID-19 related volume declines during the second quarter, partially offset by growth in most of our Environmental Services segment product and service lines.lines during the first quarter of 2020.

Operating costs

        Operating costs increased $0.8decreased $6.6 million, or 0.9%(8.3)%, during the firstsecond quarter of 2020 compared to the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2019. The increase was2019, mainly due to higher disposal cost from increased volumelower demand for our products and fleet repairs, partially offset byservices which mitigated, in part, the impact of lower maintenance and health carerevenues during the quarter. Operating costs decreased $5.8 million, or (3.6)%, in the first half of fiscal 2020 compared to the year-ago quarter.first half of fiscal 2019.

We expect that in the future our operating costs in both the Environmental Services and Oil Business segments may increase or decrease depending on our product and service volumes, changes in commodity pricing, along with other factors.



32



Selling, general, and administrative expenses

        Selling, general, and administrative expenses were relatively flat at $11.1 million, compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2019 as efforts to lower SG&A expenses overall during the second quarter of 2020 were partially offset by higher bad debt and severance expense. Selling, general, and administrative expenses decreased $0.9$0.8 million, or 7.1%(3.3)%, from the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2019 to the first half of fiscal 2020.

Other (income) expense - net

Other (income) expense - net was $6.8 million of income for the second quarter of fiscal 2020 mainly driven by lower severance, professional services, and legal fees, partially offset by higher non-management salaries and share-based compensation.

a $6.5 million reversal of settlement claims, compared to a net $1.5 million of other expense in the second quarter of 2019 mainly related to site closure costs. Other expense (income) - net

Other expense (income) - net was $0.3$6.5 million of expenseincome for the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020, compared to a net $0.1$1.5 million of other incomeexpense in the first quarterhalf of 2019.

29


Interest expense - net

Interest expense - net for the firstsecond quarters of fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019 was $0.3 million and $0.2 million.million, respectively. Interest expense - net for the first half of fiscal 2020 and 2019 was $0.6 million and $0.4 million respectively.

Provision for income taxes

The Company's effective tax rate for the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020 was 21.5%8.7% compared to 28.9%23.1% in the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2019. The rate decrease is principally attributable to the opposing effect on the tax rate from equity compensationchanges in year to date earnings in an income quarter as compared to a loss quarter.

The Company’s effective rate for the first half of fiscal 2020 was 31.2% compared to 19.7% in the first half of fiscal 2019. The rate increase is principally attributable to income taxes which are computed on a tax base that reflects substantial modifications to federal taxable income, and that has created comparatively high anticipated tax expense due to relatively low pre-tax income for fiscal 2020.

Segment Information

The following table presents revenues by reportable segment:
For the First Quarter Ended,ChangeSecond Quarter Ended,Change
(thousands)(thousands)March 21, 2020March 23, 2019$%(thousands)June 13, 2020June 15, 2019$%
Revenues:Revenues:Revenues:
Environmental Services$77,453  $66,496  $10,957  16.5 %Environmental Services$59,800  $70,196  $(10,396) (14.8)%
Oil Business29,811  29,276  535  1.8 %Oil Business19,718  34,804  (15,086) (43.3)%
Total$107,264  $95,772  $11,492  12.0 %Total$79,518  $105,000  $(25,482) (24.3)%


First Half Ended,Change
(thousands)June 13, 2020June 15, 2019$%
Revenues:
   Environmental Services$137,252  $136,693  $559  0.4 %
   Oil Business49,530  64,080  (14,550) (22.7)%
   Total$186,782  $200,773  $(13,991) (7.0)%

In the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020, Environmental Services revenue increaseddecreased by $11.0$10.4 million, or 16.5%14.8%, from $66.5$70.2 million in the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2019 to $77.5$59.8 million in the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020. The 16.5% increase14.8% decrease in revenue was driven primarilymainly due to COVID-19 related volume declines in most of our product and service lines, partially offset by growthfavorable pricing variances in our field services, parts cleaning, and containerized waste, businesses. Our field services business accounted for 8.7 percentage pointsand antifreeze lines of business. For the revenue growth forfirst half of fiscal 2020, Environmental Services revenues were $137.3 million, compared to $136.7 million during the quarter mainly due a large project that continued from the fourth quarterfirst half of fiscal 2019. Excluding the field services project, our first quarter revenue growth in the segment was 7.8%.

33


During the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020, Oil Business revenues were up $0.5down $15.1 million, or 1.8%43.3%, to $29.8$19.7 million compared to $29.3$34.8 million in the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2019. The increasedecrease in revenue was mainly due to an increase in our selling price of base oil, partially offset bythe COVID-19 pandemic and related shelter-in-place orders that led to a significant decrease in the volume ofdemand for finished lubricants which directly impacted demand for our base oil gallons sold. Duringproducts. Pandemic impacts also led to a significant decline in the firstgeneration of used oil which negatively impacted used oil collection and feedstock volumes used in our re-refinery. However, we were able to move into a material charge for our used oil collection services during the second quarter of fiscal 2020. For the first half of fiscal 2020, we produced 10.8Oil Business revenues were $49.5 million, gallons of base oil at a 95.2% rate of nameplate capacity, compared to 9.4$64.1 million gallons at a 86.9% rate of nameplate capacity during the first quarterhalf of fiscal of 2019.

Segment Profit (Loss) Before Corporate Selling, General and Administrative Expenses ("SG&A")

The following table presents profit (loss) by reportable segment before corporate SG&A expense:
For the First Quarter Ended,ChangeSecond Quarter Ended,Change
(thousands)(thousands)March 21, 2020March 23, 2019$%(thousands)June 13, 2020June 15, 2019$%
Profit (loss) before corporate SG&A*Profit (loss) before corporate SG&A*Profit (loss) before corporate SG&A*
Environmental Services$18,778  $14,697  $4,081  27.8%Environmental Services$8,348  $18,950  $(10,602) (55.9)%
Oil Business910  (4,478) 5,388  (120.3)%Oil Business(5,553) 3,893  (9,446) N/M
Total$19,688  $10,219  $9,469  92.7%Total$2,795  $22,843  $(20,048) (87.8)%

First Half Ended,Change
(thousands)June 13, 2020June 15, 2019$%
Profit (loss) before corporate SG&A*
Environmental Services$27,126  $33,647  $(6,521) (19.4)%
Oil Business(4,641) (582) (4,059) 697.4%
Total$22,485  $33,065  $(10,580) (32.0)%


*Includes depreciation and amortization related to operating activity but not depreciation and amortization related to corporate
selling, general, and administrative activity. For further discussion see Note 11 in our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this document.

Environmental Services profit before corporate SG&A expense increased $4.1decreased $10.6 million, or 27.8%55.9%, in the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020 compared to the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2019 driven2019. The decrease was mainly by higherdue to lower revenues stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic and lower healthcare expenses, partially offset by higher disposal, fleet repair, and depreciation expense.related shelter-in-place orders. Environmental Services profit before corporate SG&A expense decreased $6.5 million, or 19.4%, in the first half of fiscal 2020 compared to the first half of fiscal 2019.

Oil Business profit before corporate SG&A expense increased $5.4decreased $9.4 million in the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2020 compared to the firstsecond quarter of fiscal 2019. The increasedecrease in profit before corporate SG&A expense was mainly due to better operating efficiency duringlower revenues stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic and related shelter-in-place orders that led to a significant decrease in the demand for finished lubricants which directly impacted demand for our base oil products. Oil Business profit before corporate SG&A expense decreased $4.1 million in the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020 while we experienced unscheduled downtime duringcompared to the first quarterhalf of 2019 which hampered production.fiscal 2019.
3034



FINANCIAL CONDITION
Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash and Cash Equivalents

As of March 21,June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, cash and cash equivalents were $56.9$50.8 million and $60.7 million, respectively. Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and funds available to borrow under our term loan and revolving bank credit facility.
        
Debt and Financing Arrangements 

The Company's Credit Agreement as amended ("Credit Agreement") provides for borrowings of up to $95.0 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions, comprised of a term loan of $30.0 million and up to $65.0 million of borrowings under the revolving loan portion. The actual amount available under the revolving loan portion of the Credit Agreement is limited by the Company's total leverage ratio. The amount available to draw at any point in time would be further reduced by any standby letters of credit issued.

Loans made under the Credit Agreement may be Base Rate Loans or LIBOR Rate Loans, at the election of the Company subject to certain exceptions. Base Rate Loans have an interest rate equal to (i) the higher of (a) the federal funds rate plus 0.5%, (b) the London Interbank Offering Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 1%, or (c) Bank of America's prime rate, plus (ii) a variable margin of between 0.75% and 1.75% depending on the Company's total leverage ratio, calculated on a consolidated basis. LIBOR rate loans have an interest rate equal to (i) the LIBOR rate plus (ii) a variable margin of between 1.75% and 2.75% depending on the Company's total leverage ratio. Amounts borrowed under the Credit Agreement are secured by a security interest in substantially all of the Company's tangible and intangible assets.

On July 27, 2017, the Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced that it intends to phase out the London Interbank Offered Rate by the end of 2021. We expect that widespread use of LIBOR will transition to alternative interest rates in the near future. Since loans made under our Credit Agreement may be based on LIBOR based loans, the phasing out of LIBOR may adversely affect interest rates that could result in higher borrowing costs and higher interest expense. The Company is currently evaluating its options under our Credit Agreement, but at this time we cannot reasonably estimate the impact to our financial statements.

The Credit Agreement contains customary terms and provisions (including representations, covenants, and conditions) for transactions of this type. Certain covenants, among other things, restrict the Company's and its subsidiaries' ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make investments and sell assets. The Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, covenants and representations and warranties. Financial covenants include:

An interest coverage ratio (based on interest expense and EBITDA) of at least 3.5 to 1.0;

A total leverage ratio no greater than 3.00 to 1.00, provided that in the event of a permitted acquisition having an aggregate consideration equal to $10.0 million or more, at the Borrower’s election, the total leverage ratio shall be deemed to be 3.25 to 1.00 for the fiscal quarter in which such permitted acquisition occurs and the three immediately following fiscal quarters and thereafter will revert to 3.00 to 1.00;

A capital expenditures covenant limiting capital expenditures to $100.0 million plus, if the capital expenditures permitted have been fully utilized, an additional amount for the remaining term of the Agreement equal to 35% of EBITDA for the thirteen “four-week” periods most recently ended immediately prior to the full utilization of such $100.0 million basket.

As of March 21,June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, the Company was in compliance with all covenants under its Credit Agreement. As of March 21,June 13, 2020 and December 28, 2019, the Company had $1.7 million and $1.1 million of standby letters of credit issued, respectively, and $63.3 million and $63.9 million was available for borrowing under the bank credit facility, respectively. We believe that the carrying value of our debt balance at March 21,June 13, 2020 approximates fair value.

        The Company's weighted average interest rate for all debt as of March 21,June 13, 2020, and March 23,June 15, 2019 was 3.7% and 4.5%4.4%, respectively.

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We believe that our existing cash, cash equivalents, available borrowings, and other sources of financings will be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next 12 months. We cannot assure you that this will be the case or that our assumptions regarding revenues and expenses underlying this belief will be accurate. If, in the future, we require more liquidity than is available to us under our credit facility, we may need to raise additional funds through debt or equity offerings. Adequate funds may not be available when needed or may not be available on terms favorable to us. If additional funds are raised by issuing equity securities, dilution to existing stockholders may result. If we raise additional funds by obtaining loans from third parties, the terms of those financing arrangements may include negative covenants or other restrictions on our business that could impair our operational flexibility, and would also require us to fund additional interest expense. If funding is insufficient at any time in the future, we may be unable to develop or enhance our products or services, take advantage of business opportunities, or respond to competitive pressures, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
        
Summary of Cash Flow Activity
For the First Quarter Ended,First Half Ended,
(thousands)(thousands)March 21,
2020
March 23,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
Net cash provided by (used in):Net cash provided by (used in):  Net cash provided by (used in):  
Operating activitiesOperating activities$10,266  $9,178  Operating activities$17,860  $25,338  
Investing activitiesInvesting activities(9,842) (9,552) Investing activities(23,266) (15,170) 
Financing activitiesFinancing activities(4,180) (513) Financing activities(4,506) (1,579) 
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents$(3,756) $(887) 
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalentsNet (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents$(9,912) $8,589  

The most significant items affecting the comparison of our operating activities for the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020 and the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2019 are summarized below:

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Earnings — Our increasedecrease in net income during the first quarterhalf of 2020 favorablyunfavorably impacted our net cash provided by operating activities by $7.8by $2.1 million comparedcompared to the first quarterhalf of 2019.

Accounts Receivable The decrease in accounts receivable, had a favorable impact on cash provided by operating activities of $11.5 million in the first half of fiscal 2020.

Accounts Payable The decrease in accounts payable, had an unfavorable impact on cash provided by operating activities of $6.6$10.7 million in the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020.

 Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

Capital expenditures — We made capital expenditures as follows:

For the Fiscal Years Ended,First Half Ended,
(thousands)(thousands)March 21,
2020
March 23,
2019
(thousands)June 13,
2020
June 15,
2019
Re-refinery capital improvementsRe-refinery capital improvements$3.1  $0.9  Re-refinery capital improvements$5.1  $2.5  
Trucks and trailersTrucks and trailers3.03.7
Parts cleaning machinesParts cleaning machines1.41.0Parts cleaning machines2.32.1
Trucks and trailers0.22.4
IT projectsIT projects0.10.4IT projects1.21.5
Various other projectsVarious other projects5.12.9Various other projects1.52.8
TotalTotal$9.9  $7.6  Total$13.1  $12.6  

 Net Cash Used in Investing Activities — We used $10.1 million of cash outflows for an acquisition during the second quarter of 2020. See footnote 3 — Business Combinations for more information.

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities — The Company dispersed $2.8 million to acquire the remaining ownership interest in one of our subsidiaries.
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ITEM 3.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to interest rate risks primarily through borrowings under our bank Credit Facility. Interest on this facility is based upon variable interest rates. Our weighted average borrowings under our Credit Facility during the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020 was $30.0 million, and the annual effective interest rate for the Credit Facility for the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020 was 3.7%. We currently do not hedge against interest rate risk. Based on the foregoing, a hypothetical 1% increase or decrease in interest rates would have resulted in a change of $0.3 million to our interest expense in the first quarterhalf of fiscal 2020.
ITEM 4.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

        The Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded, based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report, that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding financial disclosures.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the firstsecond quarter ended March 21,June 13, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.








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PART II
ITEM 1.  LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
No change sinceIn February 2016 the filing of our 10-K on March 3, 2020.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no changes inCompany received an information request from the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019, with the exception of the risk factor mentioned below.

Pandemics, epidemics or other disease outbreaks may negatively impact our business operations, financial condition, liquidity, and consolidated results of operations.

A widespread outbreak of disease, can adversely affectU.S. EPA ("EPA") regarding the operation of our customers' businesses which could leadIndianapolis, Indiana re-refinery in relation to a significant decline in demand for our products and services and our customers' ability to pay usClean Air Act permit for the productsfacility. During 2016 we responded fully to the EPA's information request. On April 7, 2017 we received a notice of violation and services we have providedfinding of violation of the Clean Air Act related to them. A pandemic could also have significant negative impact on theour operation of our vendors'the re-refinery. On June 16, 2020, we signed a consent agreement with the EPA where we settled the matter for $0.2 million.
In October 2016, the EPA issued a Notice of Intent to file an administrative complaint against the Company for certain alleged violations of the Emergency Planning and suppliers' businessesCommunity Right to Know Act (“EPCRA”) and effect their ability to provide usregulations under the productsClean Water Act ("CWA"). During the second quarter of 2020, we reached a settlement with the EPA involving the alleged CWA and services we rely on to conduct our businessEPCRA violation for $0.3 million.
In December 2019, the Company settled its putative class action lawsuit, Adelphia, Inc. d/b/a/ Village Auto and provide productsDan’s One Stop Shop, LLC v. Heritage-Crystal Clean, Inc. and services to our customers. A widespread outbreak could potentially resultHeritage-Crystal Clean, LLC, Case No. 15-L-386, filed in the infectionCircuit Court for the Sixteenth Judicial Circuit in Kane County, Illinois, alleging that the Company charged fees in violation of both its contracts and applicable state laws. During the company's employees and diminish our abilitysecond quarter of 2020 we paid a total of $4.5 million to operate our business, service our customers or produce and sell our products. These potential negative impacts to our business could negatively impact our financial results and thereby reduce our borrowing capacity which could limit our ability to operate our business. These situations can also lead to a general downturn inresolve all claims asserted by the equity markets which could negatively impact the value of the company's shares as well as increase the cost to the company to raise equity capital. Any and all of the above situations could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial results of operations, and cash flows.



putative class.


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ITEM 6.  EXHIBITS

31.1
31.2
32.1
32.2
101.INS*XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LAB*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
*In accordance with Regulation S-T, the XBRL-related information in Exhibits 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall be deemed to be "furnished" and not "filed."
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
  
HERITAGE-CRYSTAL CLEAN, INC.

Date:April 29,July 23, 2020By:/s/ Mark DeVita
  Mark DeVita
  Chief Financial Officer

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