Table of Contents

     
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.DC 20549
________________________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
________________________________________________ 
xýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019
or
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File NumberNumber: 001-38289
_______________________________________________ 
AVAYA HOLDINGS CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
________________________________________________ 
Delaware 26-1119726
(State or other jurisdiction
of incorporation or organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
  
4655 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, California
 95054
(Address of principalPrincipal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(908) 953-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ¨ ýNo  x¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yes  ¨ ýNo  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitionthe definitions of “accelerated"large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and large accelerated filer”"emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer ¨
 
Accelerated filer ¨
 
Non-accelerated filer x
 
Smaller Reporting Company ¨
Emerging growth company ¨
(Do not check if a smaller
reporting company)
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨No  xý
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documentdocuments and reports required to be filed by SectionsSection 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
As of March 2, 2018, 109,794,137April 30, 2019, 110,858,478 shares of Common Stock, $0.01$.01 par value, of the registrant were outstanding.
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading Symbols(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common StockAVYANew York Stock Exchange ("NYSE")
     


TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
When we use the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Avaya”"we," "us," "our," "Avaya" or the “Company,”"Company," we mean Avaya Holdings Corp., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole, unless the context otherwise indicates.
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains the registered and unregistered Avaya Aura®, AvayaLive®, Scopia® and other trademarks or service marks of Avaya and are the property of Avaya Holdings Corp. and/or its affiliates. This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q also contains additional tradenames,trade names, trademarks or service marks belonging to us and to other companies. We do not intend our use or display of other parties’ trademarks, tradenamestrade names or service marks to imply, and such use or display should not be construed to imply, a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, these other parties.



PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.Financial Statements.

Avaya Holdings Corp.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 Successor  Predecessor
 Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
REVENUE      
Products$71
  $253
 $401
Services77
  351
 474
 148
  604
 875
COSTS      
Products:      
Costs33
  84
 145
Amortization of technology intangible assets7
  3
 5
Services30
  155
 190
 70
  242
 340
GROSS PROFIT78
  362
 535
OPERATING EXPENSES      
Selling, general and administrative50
  264
 336
Research and development9
  38
 62
Amortization of intangible assets7
  10
 57
Restructuring charges, net10
  14
 10
 76
  326
 465
OPERATING INCOME2
  36
 70
Interest expense(9)  (14) (174)
Other (expense) income, net(2)  (2) 4
Reorganization items, net
  3,416
 
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES(9)  3,436
 (100)
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes246
  (459) (3)
NET INCOME (LOSS)$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
Net income (loss) per share:      
Basic$2.16
  $5.19
 $(0.22)
Diluted$2.15
  $5.19
 $(0.22)
Weighted average shares outstanding:      
Basic109.8
  497.3
 497.0
Diluted110.3
  497.3
 497.0

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.


Avaya Holdings Corp.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited)
(In millions)

 Successor  Predecessor
 Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
Net income (loss)$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
Other comprehensive (loss) income:      
Pension, post-retirement and postemployment benefit-related items, net of income taxes of $58 for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 and $6 for the three months ended December 31, 2016
  655
 14
Cumulative translation adjustment, net of income taxes of $(4) for the three months ended December 31, 2016(13)  3
 23
Other comprehensive (loss) income(13)  658
 37
Elimination of Predecessor Company accumulated other comprehensive loss
  790
 
Total comprehensive income (loss)$224
  $4,425
 $(66)
  Successor  Predecessor
  Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
REVENUE           
Products $287
 $293
 $611
 $364
  $253
Services 422
 379
 836
 456
  351
  709
 672
 1,447
 820
  604
COSTS           
Products:           
Costs 105
 110
 220
 143
  84
Amortization of technology intangible assets 44
 41
 87
 48
  3
Services 174
 198
 347
 228
  155
  323
 349
 654
 419
  242
GROSS PROFIT 386
 323
 793
 401
  362
OPERATING EXPENSES           
Selling, general and administrative 251
 282
 508
 332
  264
Research and development 52
 50
 105
 59
  38
Amortization of intangible assets 41
 40
 81
 47
  10
Restructuring charges, net 4
 40
 11
 50
  14
  348
 412
 705
 488
  326
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) 38
 (89) 88
 (87)  36
Interest expense (58) (47) (118) (56)  (14)
Other income (expense), net 1
 (3) 23
 (5)  (2)
Reorganization items, net 
 
 
 
  3,416
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES (19) (139) (7) (148)  3,436
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes 6
 9
 3
 255
  (459)
NET (LOSS) INCOME $(13) $(130) $(4) $107
  $2,977
(LOSS) EARNINGS PER SHARE           
Basic $(0.12) $(1.18) $(0.04) $0.97
  $5.19
Diluted $(0.12) $(1.18) $(0.04) $0.96
  $5.19
Weighted average shares outstanding           
Basic 110.8
 109.8
 110.5
 109.8
  497.3
Diluted 110.8
 109.8
 110.5
 110.8
  497.3

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

Avaya Holdings Corp.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income (Unaudited)
(In millions)
  Successor  Predecessor
  Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
Net (loss) income $(13) $(130) $(4) $107
  $2,977
Other comprehensive income (loss):           
Pension, post-retirement and postemployment benefit-related items, net of income taxes of $(58) for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 
 
 
 
  655
Cumulative translation adjustment 18
 (12) 19
 (25)  3
Change in interest rate swaps, net of income taxes of $4 and $11 for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019 (10) 
 (31) 
  
Other comprehensive income (loss) 8
 (12) (12) (25)  658
Elimination of Predecessor Company accumulated other comprehensive loss 
 
 
 
  790
Total comprehensive (loss) income $(5) $(142) $(16) $82
  $4,425
The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.


Avaya Holdings Corp.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(In millions, except per share and sharesshare amounts)
Successor  Predecessor
December 31, 2017  September 30, 2017March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
ASSETS       
Current assets:       
Cash and cash equivalents$417
  $876
$735
 $700
Accounts receivable, net413
  536
300
 377
Inventory124
  96
66
 81
Contract assets146
 
Contract costs127
 
Other current assets230
  269
136
 170
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS1,184
  1,777
1,510
 1,328
Property, plant and equipment, net306
  200
236
 250
Deferred income taxes, net31
  
26
 29
Intangible assets, net3,421
  311
3,066
 3,234
Goodwill2,632
  3,542
2,764
 2,764
Other assets53
  68
105
 74
TOTAL ASSETS$7,627
  $5,898
$7,707
 $7,679
LIABILITIES       
Current liabilities:       
Debt maturing within one year$
  $725
$29
 $29
Long-term debt, current portion29
  
Accounts payable304
  282
275
 266
Payroll and benefit obligations124
  127
117
 145
Deferred revenue384
  614
Contract liabilities500
 484
Business restructuring reserve36
  35
42
 51
Other current liabilities153
  90
143
 148
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES1,030
  1,873
1,106
 1,123
Non-current liabilities:       
Long-term debt, net of current portion2,867
  
3,093
 3,097
Pension obligations793
  513
622
 671
Other post-retirement obligations215
  
174
 176
Deferred income taxes, net444
  32
160
 140
Business restructuring reserve34
  34
39
 47
Other liabilities377
  170
378
 374
TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES4,730
  749
4,466
 4,505
LIABILITIES SUBJECT TO COMPROMISE
  7,705
TOTAL LIABILITIES5,760
  10,327
5,572
 5,628
Commitments and contingencies (Note 20)
  
Predecessor equity awards on redeemable shares
  7
Predecessor preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 250,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017
  
Convertible Series B preferred stock; 48,922 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017
  393
Series A preferred stock; 125,000 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017
  184
Successor preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 55,000,000 authorized, no shares issued or outstanding at December 31, 2017

  
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)    
Predecessor common stock, $0.001 par value; 750,000,000 shares authorized, 494,768,243 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017
  
Successor common stock, $0.01 par value; 550,000,000 shares authorized, 110,000,000 issued and 109,794,137 outstanding at December 31, 20171
  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 19)   
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY   
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 55,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or outstanding at March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018
 
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 550,000,000 shares authorized; 110,730,362 shares issued and 110,717,682 shares outstanding at March 31, 2019; and 110,218,653 shares issued and 110,012,790 shares outstanding at September 30, 20181
 1
Additional paid-in capital1,642
  2,389
1,750
 1,745
Retained earnings (Accumulated deficit)237
  (5,954)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(13)  (1,448)
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)1,867
  (5,013)
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)$7,627
  $5,898
Retained earnings378
 287
Accumulated other comprehensive income6
 18
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY2,135
 2,051
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY$7,707
 $7,679
The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.


Avaya Holdings Corp.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Unaudited)
(In millions)

  Common Stock        
  Number Par Value Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 (Accumulated
Deficit) Retained Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
 Total
Stockholders'
(Deficit) Equity
Balance as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor) 494.8
 $
 $2,389
 $(5,954) $(1,448) $(5,013)
Issuance of common stock, net of shares redeemed and cancelled, under employee stock option plan           
Amortization of share-based compensation     3
     3
Accrued dividends on Series A preferred stock     (2)     (2)
Accrued dividends on Series B preferred stock     (4)     (4)
Reclassifications to equity awards on redeemable shares     1
     1
Net income       2,977
   2,977
Other comprehensive income         658
 658
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 494.8
 
 2,387
 (2,977) (790) (1,380)
Cancellation of Predecessor equity (494.8) 
 (2,387) 2,977
 790
 1,380
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
             
  Common Stock        
  Number Par Value Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 (Accumulated
Deficit) Retained Earnings
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
 Total
Stockholders'
Equity
(Deficit)
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
Issuance of Successor common stock           

Common stock issued for Predecessor debt 103.7
 1
 1,548
     1,549
Common stock issued for Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation 6.1
   90
     90
Common stock issued for general unsecured creditors or Predecessor debt 0.2
   3
     3
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 110.0
 $1
 $1,641
 $
 $
 $1,642
             
             
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Successor) 110.0
 1
 1,641
 
 
 1,642
Issuance of common stock, net           
Amortization of share-based compensation     1
     1
Net income       237
   237
Other comprehensive loss         (13) (13)
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Successor) 110.0
 $1
 $1,642
 $237
 $(13) $1,867

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.



Avaya Holdings Corp.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash FlowsChanges in Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) (Unaudited)
(In millions)
  Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 Retained Earnings Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
 Total
Stockholders'
Equity
  Shares Par Value    
Balance as of September 30, 2018 (Successor) 110.2
 $1
 $1,745
 $287
 $18
 $2,051
Issuance of common stock under the equity incentive plan 0.8
         
Shares repurchased and retired for tax withholding on vesting of restricted stock units (0.3)   (6)     (6)
Amortization of share-based compensation     6
     6
Adjustment for adoption of new accounting standard (Note 2)       92
   92
Net income       9
   9
Other comprehensive loss         (20) (20)
Balance as of December 31, 2018 (Successor) 110.7
 1
 1,745
 388
 (2) 2,132
Amortization of share-based compensation     5
     5
Adjustment for adoption of new accounting standard (Note 2)       3
   3
Net loss       (13)   (13)
Other comprehensive income         8
 8
Balance as of March 31, 2019 (Successor) 110.7
 $1
 $1,750
 $378
 $6
 $2,135
  Common Stock Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 Accumulated Total
Stockholders'
(Deficit) Equity
  Shares Par Value  (Deficit) Retained Earnings Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income 
Balance as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor) 494.8
 $
 $2,389
 $(5,954) $(1,448) $(5,013)
Amortization of share-based compensation     3
     3
Accrued dividends on Series A preferred stock     (2)     (2)
Accrued dividends on Series B preferred stock     (4)     (4)
Reclassifications to equity awards on redeemable shares     1
     1
Net income       2,977
   2,977
Other comprehensive income         658
 658
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 494.8
 $
 $2,387
 $(2,977) $(790) $(1,380)
Cancellation of Predecessor equity (494.8) 
 (2,387) 2,977
 790
 1,380
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
             
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 
 $
 $
 $
 $
 $
Common stock issued for settlement of Predecessor debt 103.9
 1
 1,575
     1,576
Common stock issued for Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation 6.1
 
 92
     92
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) 110.0
 $1
 $1,667
 $
 $
 $1,668
             
             
Balance as of December 16, 2017 (Successor) 110.0
 $1
 $1,667
 $
 $
 $1,668
Amortization of share-based compensation     1
     1
Net income       237
   237
Other comprehensive loss         (13) (13)
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Successor) 110.0
 1
 1,668
 237
 (13) 1,893
Amortization of share-based compensation     5
     5
Net loss       (130)   (130)
Other comprehensive loss         (12) (12)
Balance as of March 31, 2018 (Successor) 110.0
 $1
 $1,673
 $107
 $(25) $1,756
 Successor  Predecessor
 Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:      
Net income (loss)$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization22
  31
 90
Share-based compensation1
  
 2
Amortization of debt issuance costs
  
 36
Accretion of debt discount
  
 25
Provision for uncollectible receivables1
  (1) 1
Deferred income taxes, net(245)  455
 (1)
Post-retirement curtailment
  
 (4)
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets
  1
 
Unrealized gain on foreign currency exchange(4)  
 (8)
Reorganization items:      
     Net gain on settlement of Liabilities subject to compromise
  (1,804) 
     Payment to PBGC
  (340) 
     Payment to pension trust
  (49) 
     Payment of unsecured claims
  (58) 
     Fresh start adjustments, net
  (1,671) 
  Non-cash and financing related reorganization items, net
  26
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Accounts receivable5
  14
 54
Inventory3
  (2) 1
Accounts payable27
  (40) (22)
Payroll and benefit obligations(22)  16
 (56)
Business restructuring reserve(3)  (7) (18)
Deferred revenue44
  28
 1
Other assets and liabilities
  (16) (42)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED FOR) OPERATING ACTIVITIES66
  (440) (44)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:      
Capital expenditures(2)  (13) (14)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired
  
 (4)
Restricted cash10
  21
 
Other investing activities, net
  
 3
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED FOR) INVESTING ACTIVITIES8
  8
 (15)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:      
Proceeds from Term Loan Credit Agreement
  2,896
 
Repayment of DIP financing
  (725) 
Repayment of first lien debt
  (2,061) 
Repayment of Foreign ABL
  
 (5)
Repayment of Domestic ABL
  
 (22)
Repayment of long-term debt, including adequate protection payments
  (111) (6)
Debt issuance costs
  (97) 
Repayments of borrowings on revolving loans under the Senior Secured Credit Agreement
  
 (18)
Repayments of borrowings under sale-leaseback transaction
  (4) (5)
Other financing activities, net
  
 (1)
NET CASH USED FOR FINANCING ACTIVITIES
  (102) (57)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents3
  (2) (11)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS77
  (536) (127)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period340
  876
 336
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$417
  $340
 $209

The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

Avaya Holdings Corp.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(In millions)
  Successor  Predecessor
  Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:       
Net (loss) income $(4) $107
  $2,977
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used for) operating activities:       
Depreciation and amortization 225
 145
  31
Share-based compensation 11
 6
  
Amortization of debt issuance costs 8
 
  
Accretion of debt discount 3
 1
  
Deferred income taxes, net 3
 (240)  455
Change in fair value of emergence date warrants (21) 15
  
Unrealized loss (gain) on foreign currency transactions 12
 (7)  
Other non-cash charges, net 7
 1
  
Reorganization items:       
Net gain on settlement of Liabilities subject to compromise 
 
  (1,778)
Payment to Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation 
 
  (340)
Payment to pension trust 
 
  (49)
Payment of unsecured claims 
 
  (58)
Fresh start adjustments, net 
 
  (1,697)
Non-cash and financing related reorganization items, net 
 
  26
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:       
Accounts receivable 74
 29
  40
Inventory (9) 22
  
Contract assets (68) 
  
Contract costs (30) 
  
Accounts payable 5
 50
  (40)
Payroll and benefit obligations (63) (34)  16
Business restructuring reserve (15) 22
  (7)
Contract liabilities 50
 74
  28
Other assets and liabilities (65) (97)  (18)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED FOR) OPERATING ACTIVITIES 123
 94
  (414)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:       
Capital expenditures (47) (18)  (13)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired 
 (158)  
Other investing activities, net (1) 1
  
NET CASH USED FOR INVESTING ACTIVITIES (48) (175)  (13)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:       
Proceeds from Term Loan Credit Agreement 
 
  2,896
Repayment of debtor-in-possession financing 
 
  (725)
Repayment of first lien debt 
 
  (2,061)
Repayment of long-term debt, including adequate protection payments (15) (7)  (111)
Debt issuance costs 
 
  (97)
Payment of acquisition-related contingent consideration (9) 
  
Payments related to sale-leaseback transactions (8) (4)  (4)
Other financing activities, net (7) 
  
NET CASH USED FOR FINANCING ACTIVITIES (39) (11)  (102)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (1) 9
  (2)
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH 35
 (83)  (531)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period 704
 435
  966
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period $739
 $352
  $435

AVAYA HOLDINGS CORP.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)The accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.

Avaya Holdings Corp.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
1.Background and Basis of Presentation
1. Background and Basis of Presentation
Background
Avaya Holdings Corp. (the "Parent" or "Avaya Holdings"), together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”"Company" or “Avaya”"Avaya"), is a leading global provider of software and associated hardwareleader in digital communications products, solutions and services for contact centerbusinesses of all sizes. Avaya builds open, converged and unifiedinnovative solutions to enhance and simplify communications offered on-premises,and collaboration in the cloud, on-premises or as a hybrid solution. Avaya provides the mission-critical, real-time communication applications for small businessesof both. The Company's global team of professionals delivers services from initial planning and design, to large multinational enterprisesimplementation and government organizations.integration, to ongoing managed operations, optimization, training and support. Currently, the Company manages its business operations in two segments, Global CommunicationsProducts & Solutions ("GCS") representing the Company's products portfolio, and Avaya Global Services ("AGS") representing the Company's services portfolio.Services. The Company sells directly through its worldwide sales force and indirectly through its global network of channel partners, including distributors, service providers, dealers, value-added resellers, system integrators and business partners that provide sales and services support.
Basis of Presentation
Avaya Holdings has no material assets or standalone operations other than its ownership inof Avaya Inc. and its subsidiaries. The accompanying unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 and for the six months ended March 31, 2019, the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2018, and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017, and the three months ended December 31, 2016, reflect the operating results of Avaya Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries, and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”("GAAP") and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”("SEC") for interim financial statements, and should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and other financial information for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017,2018, included in Amendment No. 3 to the Company’s Company's Form 1010-K filed with the SEC on January 10,December 21, 2018. In management’smanagement's opinion, these unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring adjustments, necessary to presentstate fairly the results of operations, financial position and cash flows for the periods indicated. The condensed consolidated results of operations for the interim periods reported are not necessarily indicative of ourthe results for the entire fiscal year.
Management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and revenue and expenses during the periods reported. These estimates include assessing the collectability of accounts receivable, sales returns and allowances, the use and recoverability of inventory, the realization of deferred tax assets, business restructuring reserves, pension and post-retirement benefit costs, the fair value of equity compensation, the fair value of assets and liabilities in connection with fresh start accounting as well as those acquired in business combinations, the recoverability of long-lived assets, useful lives and impairment of tangible and intangible assets including goodwill, the amount of exposure from potential loss contingencies, and fair value measurements, among others. The markets for the Company’sCompany's products are characterized by intense competition, rapid technological development and frequent new product introductions, all of which could affect the future recoverability of the Company’sCompany's assets. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically, and the effects of revisions are reflected in the consolidated financial statements in the period they are determined to be necessary. Actual results couldmay differ from these estimates.
On January 19, 2017 (the “Petition Date”), Avaya Holdings, together with certain of its affiliates, namely Avaya CALA Inc., Avaya EMEA Ltd., Avaya Federal Solutions, Inc., Avaya Holdings LLC, Avaya Holdings Two, LLC, Avaya Inc., Avaya Integrated Cabinet Solutions Inc., Avaya Management Services Inc., Avaya Services Inc., Avaya World Services Inc., Octel Communications LLC, Sierra Asia Pacific Inc., Sierra Communication International LLC, Technology Corporation of America, Inc., Ubiquity Software Corporation, VPNet Technologies, Inc., and Zang, Inc. (the “Debtors”), filed voluntary petitions for relief (the “Bankruptcy Filing”) under Chapter 11 ofDuring the United States Bankruptcy Code (the “Bankruptcy Code’) in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the “Bankruptcy Court’). The cases were jointly administered as Case No. 17-10089 (SMB). The Debtors operated their businesses as "debtors-in-possession" under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code and the orders of the Bankruptcy Court until their emergence from bankruptcy on December 15, 2017.
Subsequent to the Petition Date, all expenses, gains and losses directly associated with the reorganization proceedings were reported as Reorganization items, net in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. In addition, Liabilities subject to compromise during Chapter 11 proceedings were distinguished from liabilities of the non-debtors and


from post-petition liabilities in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company's other subsidiaries that were not part of the Bankruptcy Filing ("non-debtors") continued to operate in the ordinary course of business.
Upon emergence from bankruptcy on December 15, 2017 (the "Emergence Date"),six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company applied fresh start accounting, whichrecorded an out-of-period adjustment to correct sales and marketing expense. The impact resulted in a new basis$5 million increase to Selling, general and administrative expense and a decrease to net income of accounting and$3 million for the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. As a result ofsix months ended March 31, 2019. Management concluded that the application of fresh start accounting and the effects of the implementation of the Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization filed by the Debtors on October 24, 2017 and approved by the Bankruptcy Court on November 28, 2017 (the "Plan of Reorganization"), thecorrection was not material to any previously issued consolidated financial statements afteror to the Emergence Date, are not comparable with the consolidated financial statements on or before that date. Refer to Note 5, "Fresh Start Accounting," for additional information.six months ended March 31, 2019.
The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company have been prepared on a basis that assumes that the Company will continue as a going concern and contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. During the
On January 19, 2017 (the "Petition Date"), Avaya Holdings, together with certain of its affiliates, namely Avaya CALA Inc., Avaya EMEA Ltd., Avaya Federal Solutions, Inc., Avaya Holdings LLC, Avaya Holdings Two, LLC, Avaya Inc., Avaya Integrated Cabinet Solutions Inc. (n/k/a Avaya Integrated Cabinet Solutions LLC), Avaya Management Services Inc., Avaya Services Inc., Avaya World Services Inc., Octel Communications LLC, Sierra Asia Pacific Inc., Sierra Communication International LLC, Technology Corporation of America, Inc., Ubiquity Software Corporation, VPNet Technologies, Inc. and Zang, Inc. (n/k/a Avaya Cloud Inc.) (the "Debtors"), filed voluntary petitions for relief (the "Bankruptcy Filing") under Chapter 11 proceedings,of the United States Bankruptcy Code (the "Bankruptcy Code") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the "Bankruptcy Court"). The cases were jointly administered as Case No. 17-10089 (SMB). The Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Company's ability to continue as a going concern was contingent upon its ability to comply with the financial and other covenants contained in its debtor-in-possession credit agreement, the Bankruptcy Court's approval of the Company'sSecond Amended Joint Chapter 11 Plan of Reorganization of Avaya Inc. and its Debtor Affiliates filed on October 24, 2017 (the "Plan of Reorganization") on November 28, 2017. Confirmation of the Plan of

Reorganization resulted in the discharge of certain claims against the Company that arose before the Petition Date and terminated all rights and interests of equity security holders as provided for in the Plan of Reorganization. The Debtors operated their businesses as "debtors-in-possession" under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code and the Company's ability to successfully implementorders of the Bankruptcy Court until the Plan of Reorganization among other factors.was substantially consummated and they emerged from bankruptcy on December 15, 2017 (the "Emergence Date").
On the Emergence Date, the Company applied fresh start accounting, which resulted in a new basis of accounting and the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. As a result of the executionapplication of fresh start accounting and the effects of the implementation of the Plan of Reorganization, there is no longer substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements after the Emergence Date, are not comparable with the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements on or before that date.
References to "Successor" or "Successor Company" relate to the financial position and results of operations of the reorganized Avaya Holdings after the Emergence Date. References to "Predecessor" or "Predecessor Company" refer to the financial position and results of operations of Avaya Holdings on or before the Emergence Date.
2. Accounting Policy Changes
The Company emerged from bankruptcy on December 15, 2017, and qualified for fresh start accounting. Fresh start accounting allows a company to set new accounting policies for the successor company independent of those followed by the predecessor company. As such, the following are the accounting policy changes the Successor Company has adopted.
Fair Value of Equity Awards
Successor Accounting Policy: The Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model ("Black-Scholes") replaced the Cox-Ross-Rubinstein ("CRR") binomial option pricing model in calculating the fair value of equity awards, including the fair value of warrants to purchase common stock. In addition to the change in option pricing models, the Company now accounts for forfeitures as incurred.
Predecessor Accounting Policy: The CRR binomial option pricing model was utilized to determine the grant date fair values of the equity awards, including the fair value of the Preferred Series A and B Stock warrants. Forfeitures was an input assumption in the valuation model.
Uncollected Deferred Revenue
Successor Accounting Policy: The Company does not recognize deferred revenue relating to any sales transactions that have been billed, but for which the related account receivable has not yet been collected. The aggregate amount of unrecognized accounts receivable and deferred revenue was $100 million at December 31, 2017.
Predecessor Accounting Policy: The Company recorded the deferred revenue and related collectible accounts receivable in its consolidated balance sheets.
Foreign Currency
Successor Accounting Policy: Income and expense of non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars using an average rate for the period.
Predecessor Accounting Policy: Income and expense of non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at the spot rate for the transaction.
3. Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2016,January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-09, "Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.2017-01, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business." This standard simplifiesclarifies the accountingdefinition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for share-based payments and their presentation in the statementsas acquisitions (or disposals) of cash flows as well as the income tax effects of share-based payments.assets or businesses. The Company adopted this standard as of October 1, 20172018 on a prospective basis. The adoption of this standard did not have a materialan impact on itsthe Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


Statements, however, the future impact of the standard will depend on the nature of any future acquisitions or dispositions made by the Company.
In March 2017,November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, "Improving the Presentation2016-18, "Statement of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost.Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash." This standard changes how employers that sponsor defined benefit pension and other post-retirement benefit plans present net periodic benefit costrequires the statement of cash flows to explain the change during the period in the income statement. This amendment requires thattotal of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the service cost component be disaggregated from the other components of pensionbeginning-of-period and post-retirement benefit costsend-of-period total amounts shown on the income statement. The service cost component is reported in the same line items as other compensation costs and the other componentsstatement of pension and post-retirement benefit costs (including interest cost, expected return on plan assets, amortization and curtailments and settlements) are reported in Other income (expense), net in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.cash flows. The Company early adopted this accounting standard as of October 1, 2017. Changes2018 applying the retrospective transition method to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been applied retrospectively. As a result, the Company reclassified $(6)each period presented. The adoption resulted in an increase of Net cash used for investing activities of $28 million of other pension and post-retirement benefit costs to other income (expense), net$21 million for the three months ended December 31, 2016 (Predecessor). For the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), respectively.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments." This standard addresses the appropriate classification of certain cash flows as operating, investing, or financing. The Company recorded $1 million and $(8) million, respectively,adopted this standard as of other pension and post-retirement benefit costs in other income (expense), net.
Recent Standards Not Yet EffectiveOctober 1, 2018 applying the retrospective transition method to each accounting period presented. The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue"Revenue from Contracts with Customers.”Customers (Topic 606)" ("ASC 606"). This standard supersedessuperseded most of the currentprevious revenue recognition guidance under GAAP and is intended to improve and converge with international standards the financial reporting requirements for revenue recognition. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. New disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers are also required. Subsequently,The Company adopted ASC 606 as of October 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method applied to all open contracts with customers that were not completed as of September 30, 2018.
Upon adoption of ASC 606, sales that include professional services, are generally recognized as the services are performed as opposed to upon completion and acceptance of the project. When such arrangements include products, products revenue is generally recognized when the products are delivered as opposed to upon completion and acceptance of the project. Additionally, for cloud and managed services arrangements pursuant to which the customer purchases and owns the solution and Avaya provides the software as a service ("SaaS"), control of the software generally transfers to the customer and the related revenue is recognized, at the point-in-time the SaaS commences. Revenue recognition related to stand-alone product shipments, maintenance services, and certain cloud offerings remains substantially unchanged. In addition to the impacts on revenue recognition, the standard requires incremental contract acquisition costs (primarily sales commissions) to be capitalized and amortized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer of goods or services to which the asset relates. These costs were formerly expensed as incurred. The impact of adopting ASC 606 is dependent upon contract-specific

terms and the Company has chosen to use the allowed practical expedient whereby, incremental contract acquisition costs with an amortization period of one year or less are expensed as incurred.
On October 1, 2018, the beginning of the Company's fiscal 2019, the Company recorded a net increase to the opening Retained earnings balance of $92 million, net of tax, due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a $3 million adjustment to correct the ASC 606 impact that was recorded to Retained earnings on October 1, 2018. In connection with this adjustment, the Company also recorded an out-of-period adjustment during the six months ended March 31, 2019 to correct goodwill recognized upon the application of fresh start accounting, which resulted in a $2 million decrease to Contract liabilities and a $2 million decrease to Goodwill. Management concluded that these corrections were not material to previously issued consolidated financial statements and to the three and six months ended March 31, 2019.
The revised net increase to Retained earnings due to the cumulative impact of adopting ASC 606 was $95 million, net of tax. The increase to Retained earnings included $97 million for the portion of the transaction price that would have been recognized as revenue under prior guidance (ASC "605"). These amounts will not be recognized as revenue in future periods and are primarily attributable to open contracts that contained professional services, both on a stand-alone basis and when sold together with hardware and software, for which revenue recognition was deferred until project completion under ASC 605.
The impact of the adoption of ASC 606 on the September 30, 2018 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet was as follows:
  September 30, 2018   Upon Adoption of ASC 606
(In millions) As Reported Adjustments 
ASSETS      
Accounts receivable, net $377
 $(1) $376
Inventory 81
 (24) 57
Contract assets 
 78
 78
Contract costs 
 109
 109
Other current assets 170
 (66) 104
Property, plant and equipment, net 250
 (1) 249
Deferred income taxes, net 29
 (2) 27
Other assets 74
 16
 90
       
LIABILITIES      
Contract liabilities 484
 (17) 467
Other current liabilities 148
 4
 152
Deferred income taxes, net 140
 29
 169
Other liabilities 374
 (2) 372
       
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY      
Retained earnings 287
 95
 382
For additional information refer to Note 3, "Revenue Recognition," for disclosures related to the adoption of ASC 606 and an updated accounting policy related to revenue recognition and contract costs.
Recent Standards Not Yet Effective
In August 2018, the FASB issued several standardsASU 2018-15, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That is a Service Contract." This standard aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that clarifiedis a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The standard is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact the new guidance will have on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans." This standard modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other post-retirement plans. This update removes disclosures that are not considered cost beneficial, clarifies certain aspectsrequired disclosures and adds additional disclosures. This standard is effective for the Company beginning in fiscal 2021, with early adoption permitted. The

amendments in the standard need to be applied on a retrospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the standard but did not changeon its disclosures.
In August 2018, the original standard.FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement." This new guidancestandard modifies the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements by removing certain disclosures, modifying certain disclosures and adding additional disclosures. This standard is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. The ASU may2021. Certain disclosures in the standard need to be applied retrospectively (a)on a retrospective basis and others on a prospective basis. The Company is currently assessing the impact of the standard on its disclosures.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, "Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income." This standard allows companies to reclassify from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings any stranded tax benefits resulting from the enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. This standard is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard may have on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments." This standard, along with other guidance subsequently issued by the FASB, requires entities to estimate all expected credit losses for certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. The standard also expands the disclosure requirements to enable users of financial statements to understand the entity’s assumptions, models and methods for estimating expected credit losses. This standard is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2021 on a prospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this standard may have on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." This standard, along with other guidance subsequently issued by the FASB, requires lessees to recognize lease assets and liabilities for all leases with lease terms of more than 12 months. The standard makes similar changes to lessor accounting and aligns key aspects of the lessor accounting model with the revenue recognition standard. Presentation of leases within the statements of operations and statements of cash flows will primarily depend on its classification as a finance or operating lease. This standard is effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 with early adoption permitted. The Company expects to adopt this standard using a modified retrospective approach in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and is continuing to evaluate the impact of this standard on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3. Revenue Recognition
On October 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606 using the modified retrospective transition method. Accordingly, the impact of adoption is recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings as of October 1, 2018 and represents the difference between ASC 606 and ASC 605 applied to all open contracts with customers that were not completed as of September 30, 2018. Under the modified retrospective method, results for reporting periods beginning after September 30, 2018 are presented under ASC 606 while prior period financial information is not adjusted and continues to be reported in accordance with ASC 605. The Company elected to use the contract modification practical expedient whereby, all contract modifications for each contract before October 1, 2018 are aggregated and evaluated at the adoption date.

Impact of ASC 606 on Financial Statement Line Items
The impact of the adoption of ASC 606 by financial statement line item within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019 is as follows:
  March 31, 2019
(In millions) As Reported Adjustments Without Adoption of ASC 606
ASSETS      
Accounts receivable, net $300
 $2
 $302
Inventory 66
 43
 109
Contract assets 146
 (146) 
Contract costs 127
 (127) 
Other current assets 136
 102
 238
Property, plant and equipment, net 236
 1
 237
Deferred income taxes, net 26
 2
 28
Other assets 105
 (13) 92
       
LIABILITIES      
Accounts payable 275
 (1) 274
Contract liabilities 500
 35
 535
Other current liabilities 143
 (9) 134
Deferred income taxes, net 160
 (29) 131
Other liabilities 378
 2
 380
       
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY      
Retained earnings 378
 (134) 244

The impact of the adoption of ASC 606 by financial statement line item within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019 is as follows:
  Three months ended March 31, 2019 Six months ended March 31, 2019
(In millions) As Reported Adjustments Without Adoption of ASC 606 As Reported Adjustments Without Adoption of ASC 606
REVENUE            
Products $287
 $(15) $272
 $611
 $(45) $566
Services 422
 (21) 401
 836
 (41) 795
  709
 (36) 673
 1,447
 (86) 1,361
COSTS            
Products:            
Costs 105
 (3) 102
 220
 (9) 211
Amortization of technology intangible assets 44
 
 44
 87
 
 87
Services 174
 (7) 167
 347
 (13) 334
  323
 (10) 313
 654
 (22) 632
GROSS PROFIT 386
 (26) 360
 793
 (64) 729
OPERATING EXPENSES            
Selling, general and administrative 251
 (4) 247
 508
 4
 512
Research and development 52
 
 52
 105
 
 105
Amortization of intangible assets 41
 
 41
 81
 
 81
Restructuring charges, net 4
 
 4
 11
 
 11
  348
 (4) 344
 705
 4
 709
OPERATING INCOME 38
 (22) 16
 88
 (68) 20
Interest expense (58) 
 (58) (118) 
 (118)
Other income, net 1
 
 1
 23
 
 23
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES (19) (22) (41) (7) (68) (75)
Benefit from income taxes 6
 11
 17
 3
 29
 32
NET LOSS $(13) $(11) $(24) $(4) $(39) $(43)
The adoption of ASC 606 did not impact net cash provided by or used for operating, investing, or financing activities within the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six months ended March 31, 2019.
Revenue Recognition Policy
The Company derives revenue primarily from the sale of products and services for communications systems and applications. The Company sells directly through its worldwide sales force and indirectly through its global network of channel partners, including distributors, service providers, dealers, value-added resellers, systems integrators and business partners that provide sales and services support.
In accordance with ASC 606, the Company accounts for a customer contract when both parties have approved the contract and are committed to perform their respective obligations, each party’s rights can be identified, payment terms can be identified, the contract has commercial substance and it is at least probable that the Company will collect the consideration to which it is entitled. Revenue is recognized upon the transfer of control of the promised products and services to customers. Judgment is required in instances where the Company’s contracts include multiple products and services to determine whether each should be accounted for as a separate performance obligation. The Company enters into contracts that include various combinations of products and services, each of which is generally capable of being distinct as well as distinct within the context of the contracts.
Customer contracts are typically made pursuant to purchase orders and statements of work based on master purchase or partner agreements. Invoicing typically occurs upon customer acceptance or monthly for a series of services. Payment is due based on the Company’s standard payment terms which is typically within 30 to 60 days of invoice issuance. The Company does not typically provide financing arrangements to customers. For certain services and customer types, customers will remit payment before the services are provided. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing, the Company determined that contracts do not include a significant financing component. The primary purpose of the invoicing terms is to provide customers with simplified and predictable ways of purchasing products and services, not to receive financing from or to provide financing to customers. Certain contracts include performance obligations accounted for as a

series which also include variable consideration (primarily usage-based fees). For these arrangements, variable consideration is not estimated and allocated to the entire performance obligation, rather the variable fees are recognized in the period in which the usage occurs in accordance with the "right to invoice" practical expedient.
The total transaction price for each contract is determined based on the total consideration specified in the contract, including variable consideration such as sales incentives and other discounts. The expected value method is generally used when estimating variable consideration, which typically reduces the total transaction price due to the nature of the elements to which the variable consideration relates. These estimates reflect the Company’s historical experience, current contractual and statutory requirements, specific known market events and trends, industry data and forecasted customer buying patterns. The Company excludes from the transaction price all taxes assessed by governmental authorities that are both (i) imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and (ii) collected from customers. Accordingly, such tax amounts are not included as a component of net sales or cost of sales.The expected value method requires judgment and considers multiple factors that may vary over time depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each reporting period presentedperformance obligation. Depending on the facts and circumstances, a change in variable consideration estimate will either be accounted for at the contract level or (b)using the portfolio method, in accordance with the cumulative effectprescribed practical expedient. Reserves for contractual stock rotation rights to channel partners to support the management of inventory and certain other sales incentives are determined using the portfolio method. The Company also considers the customers’ rights of return in retained earningsdetermining the transaction price where applicable.
The Company allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation based on its relative standalone selling price and recognizes revenue as each performance obligation is satisfied. Judgment is required to determine the standalone selling price for each distinct performance obligation. The Company uses a range of selling prices to estimate standalone selling price when each of the products and services is sold separately. The Company typically has more than one standalone selling price for individual products and services due to the stratification of those products and services by customers and circumstances. In these instances, the Company may use information such as the size of the customer and geographic region in determining the standalone selling price. In instances where standalone selling price is not directly observable, such as when we do not sell the product or service separately, the Company determines the standalone selling price using information that may include market conditions and other observable inputs.
Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling activities are considered contract fulfillment activities and not a separate performance obligation of the contract. Shipping and handling fees are recorded as revenue and the related cost is a cost to fulfill the contract.
Contract modifications are accounted for as separate contracts if the additional products and services are distinct and priced at standalone selling prices. If the additional products and services are distinct, but not priced at standalone selling prices, the modification is treated as a termination of the existing contract and the creation of a new contract. Lastly, if the additional products and services are not distinct within the context of the contract, the modification is combined with the original contract and either an increase or decrease in revenue is recognized on the modification date.
Software
The Company’s software licenses provide users with access to capabilities such as voice, video, conferencing, messaging and collaboration. Software licenses also add functionality to the Company’s hardware. The Company’s software licenses for on-premise customer software provide the customer with a right to use the software as it exists when it is made available to the customer and are accounted for as distinct performance obligations. The Company’s software licenses are sold through both direct and indirect channels with terms that are either perpetual or time based, both of which provide the end-user with the same functionality. The main difference between perpetual and term licenses is the duration over which the customer benefits from the software. Revenue from on-premise customer software licenses is generally recognized at the point-in-time the software is made available to the customer, via direct sale to the end-user or indirect sale to a channel partner, based on the fixed minimum revenue commitment under the arrangement. However, revenue cannot be recognized before the beginning of the adoption period.period during which the customer can use and benefit from the license. In instances where the Company’s software licenses include a usage-based fee, revenue associated with the incremental usage is recognized at the point-in-time the incremental usage occurs.
We currently anticipate adoptionHardware
The Company’s hardware, phones, gateways, and servers, each of which has a stand-alone functionality, are generally considered distinct performance obligations. Hardware is sold through both direct and indirect channels and revenue is recognized at the point-in-time at which control of the new standard effective October 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective method whereby the cumulative effectproduct is recorded to retained earnings at the beginning of the adoption period. Adoption of the standard is dependent on completion of a detailed accounting assessment, the success of the design and implementation phase for changes to the Company's processes, internal controls and system functionality and the completion of our analysis of information necessary to assess the overall impact of adoption of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.
We continue to make progress on the accounting assessment and implementation phases to identify and implement the required changes to accounting policies and disclosures in our consolidated financial statements. We have reached preliminary conclusions on certain accounting assessments and we will continue to monitor and assess the impact of changes to the standard and interpretations as they become available. We expect revenue recognition related to our stand-alone product shipments and maintenance services to remain substantially unchanged. However, we continue to evaluate our preliminary conclusion and assess the impact on our other sources of revenue recognition.
4. Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 Proceedings
Plan of Reorganization
On November 28, 2017, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Plan of Reorganization. On the Emergence Date, the Plan of Reorganization became effective and the Debtors emerged from bankruptcy.
On or following the Emergence Date and pursuant to the terms of the Plan of Reorganization, the following occurred:
Debtor-in-Possession Credit Agreement. The Company paid in full the debtor-in-possession credit agreement (the "DIP Credit Agreement") in the amount of $725 million;
Predecessor Equity and Indebtedness. The Debtors' obligations under stock certificates, equity interests, and / or any other instrument or document directly or indirectly evidencing or creating any indebtedness or obligation of, or ownership interest in, the Debtors or giving rise to any claim or equity interest were cancelled, except as provided under the Plan of Reorganization;
Successor Equity. The Company's certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to authorize the issuance of 605.0 million shares of Successor Company stock, consisting of 55.0 million shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 550.0 million shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of which 110.0 million shares of common stock were issued (as discussed below);


Exit Financing. The Successor Company entered into (1) a term loan credit agreement ("the Term Loan Credit Agreement") for a principal amount of $2,925 million maturing on December 15, 2024, and (2) a $300 million asset-based revolving credit facility (the "ABL Credit Agreement") maturing on December 15, 2022;
First Lien Debt Claims. All of the Predecessor Company's outstanding obligations under the variable rate term B-3, B-4, B-6, and B-7 loans and the 7% and 9% senior secured notes (collectively, the "Predecessor first lien obligations") were cancelled, and the holders of claims under the Predecessor first lien obligations received 99.3 million shares of Successor Company common stock. In addition, the holders of the Predecessor first lien obligations received cash in the amount of $2,061 million;
Second Lien Debt Claims. All the Predecessor Company's outstanding obligations under the 10.50% senior secured notes (the "Predecessor second lien obligations") were cancelled, and the holders of claims under the Predecessor second lien obligations received 4.4 million shares of Successor Company common stock. In addition, holders of the Predecessor second lien obligations received warrants to purchase 5.6 million shares of Successor Company common stock at an exercise price of $25.55 per warrant (the "Warrants");
Claims of Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC"). The Predecessor Company's outstanding obligations under the Avaya Inc. Pension Plan for Salaried Employees ("APPSE") were terminated and transferred to the PBGC. customer, via direct sale to the end-user or indirect sale to a channel partner, generally upon delivery, as defined in the contract.

Global Support Services
The PBGC received 6.1 million shares of Successor Company common stock and $340 millionCompany’s global support services provide supplemental maintenance options to end-users in cash; and
General Unsecured Claims. Holderssupport of the Predecessor Company's general unsecured claims willCompany’s products and solutions, including when and if available upgrade rights and maintenance for hardware. These services are typically accounted for as distinct performance obligations. Given that global support services consist of a series of distinct promises that are satisfied over time in the form of a single performance obligation comprised of a stand-ready obligation, these services are generally recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed as customers simultaneously consume and receive their pro rata sharebenefits. Maintenance contracts typically have terms that range from one to five years.
Professional Services
The Company’s professional services include the design, implementation and development of communication solutions. Professional services are sold through the Company’s direct and indirect channels either on a stand-alone basis or with other hardware, software and services and are generally accounted for as distinct performance obligations. Revenue for professional services is generally recognized over time based on the cost of effort incurred to date relative to the total cost of effort expected to be incurred as customers simultaneously consume and receive benefits. Effort incurred generally represents work performed, which corresponds with, and thereby best depicts, the transfer of control to the customer. Contracts for professional services typically have terms that range from four to six weeks for simple engagements and from six months to one year for more complex engagements.
Cloud and Managed Services
The Company’s managed services provide additional support options to end-users on top of the general unsecured recovery pool. A liquidating trust was establishedCompany’s supplemental maintenance services, including hardware support, help-desk routing and system monitoring services. The Company’s managed services are sold either on a stand-alone basis or together with the Company’s hardware, software and other services, and are generally accounted for as distinct performance obligations. The Company’s managed services are provided through both direct and indirect channels. Managed services consist of a series of distinct promises that are satisfied over time in the amountform of $58 milliona single performance obligation comprised of a stand-ready obligation. Contracts for managed services typically have terms that range from one to five years.
The Company’s cloud offerings enable customers to take advantage of our technology via the benefitcloud, on-premises, or a hybrid of both. The software that enables the general unsecured claims. Included in the 110.0 million Successor Company common stock issued are 0.2 million additional sharescore communications functionality is offered both as a sale of common stock that have been issued (but are not outstanding) for the benefit of the general unsecured creditors. The general unsecured creditors will receiveperpetual or time based licenses or through a total of $58 million in cash and common stock. Any excess cash and / or common stock not distributed to the general unsecured creditors will be distributed to the holders of the Predecessor first lien obligations.
Section 363 Asset Sales
In July 2017, the Company sold its networking business ("Networking" or the "Networking business") to Extreme Networks, Inc. ("Extreme"). The Networking business was comprised primarily of certain assets of the Company's Networking segment (which prior to the sale was a separate operating segment), along with theSaaS. Cloud offerings can include supplemental maintenance and professional services of the Networking business, which were part of the AGS segment. Under a Transition Services Agreement ("TSA"), the Company provides administrative services to Extreme for process support, maintenancemanaged services and product logisticsare sold through the Company’s direct and indirect channels.
Cloud and managed services offerings consist of a series of distinct promises that are satisfied over time as a single performance obligation and are generally recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed as customers simultaneously consume and receive the benefits. The amount allocated to each performance obligation is based on athe fixed contractual amount, which is recognized ratably over the period during which the services are performed as customers simultaneously consume and receive benefits. Variable consideration from incremental usage above the fixed fee basis. Whileis recognized at the TSA can expire sooner,point-in-time at which the agreement terminates after 2 years.usage occurs.
Warranties
5. Fresh Start Accounting
In connectionThe Company offers standard limited warranties that provide the customer with the Company's emergence from bankruptcy andassurance that its products will function in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 852, "Reorganizations" ("ASC 852"), the Company applied the provisions of fresh start accounting to its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements on the Emergence Date.contract specifications. The Company was required to use fresh start accounting since (i) the holders of existing voting shares of the Predecessor Company received less than 50% of the voting shares of the emerging entity and (ii) the reorganization value of the Company's assets immediately prior to confirmation of the Plan of Reorganization was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims.
ASC 852 prescribes that with the application of fresh start accounting, the Company allocated its reorganization value to its individual assets based on their estimated fair values in conformity with ASC 805, "Business Combinations". The reorganization value represents the fair value of the Successor Company's assets before considering liabilities. The excess reorganization value over the fair value of identified tangible and intangible assets is reported as goodwill. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting and the effects of the implementation of the Plan of Reorganization, the consolidated financial statements after December 15, 2017Company’s standard limited warranties are not comparablesold separately but are included with the consolidated financial statements as of or prior to that date.
Reorganization Value
As set forth in the Plan of Reorganization, the agreed upon enterprise value of the Company was $5,721 million. This value is within the initial range calculated by the Company of approximately $5,100 million to approximately $7,100 million using an income approach. The $5,721 million enterprise value was selected as it was the transaction price agreed to in the global settlement agreement with the Company’s creditor constituencies, including the PBGC. The reorganization value was then determined by adding back liabilities other than interest bearing debt, pensioneach customer purchase. Warranties are not considered separate performance obligations, and therefore, warranty expense is accrued at the deferred tax impacttime the related revenue is recognized.
Disaggregation of the reorganization and fresh start adjustments.


Revenue
The following table reconcilestables provide the enterprise value toCompany's disaggregated revenue for the estimated fair value of the Successor stockholders' equity as of the Emergence Date:three and six months ended March 31, 2019:
(In millions, except per share amount) 
Enterprise value$5,721
Plus: 
Cash and cash equivalents340
Less: 
Minimum cash required for operations(120)
Fair value of Term Loan Credit Agreement(1)
(2,896)
Fair value of capitalized leases(20)
Fair value of pension and other post-retirement obligations, net of tax(2)
(856)
Change in net deferred tax liabilities from reorganization(510)
Fair value of Successor warrants(3) 
(17)
Fair value of Successor common stock$1,642
Shares issued at December 15, 2017110.0
Per share value$14.93
(1)
The fair value of the Term Loan Credit Agreement was determined based on a market approach utilizing market-clearing data on the valuation date in addition to bid/ask prices and was estimated to be 99% of par value.
(2)
The following assumptions were used when measuring the fair value of the U.S. pension, non-U.S. pension, and post-retirement benefit plans: weighted-average return on assets of 7.75%, 3.80% and 5.90%, and weighted-average discount rate to measure plan obligations of 3.70%, 1.52% and 3.77%, respectively.
(3)
The fair value of the Warrants was estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model.
The following table reconciles the enterprise value to the estimated reorganization value as of the Emergence Date:
(In millions) 
Enterprise value$5,721
Plus: 
Non-debt current liabilities955
Non-debt non-current liabilities2,090
Excess cash and cash equivalents220
Less: 
Pension and other post-retirement obligations, net of deferred taxes(856)
Capital lease obligations(20)
Change in net deferred tax liabilities from reorganization(510)
Warrants issued upon emergence(17)
Reorganization value of Successor assets$7,583
Consolidated Balance Sheet
The adjustments set forth in the following consolidated balance sheet as of December 15, 2017 reflect the effect of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Plan of Reorganization (reflected in the column "Reorganization Adjustments") as well as fair value adjustments as a result of applying fresh start accounting (reflected in the column "Fresh Start Adjustments"). The explanatory notes highlight methods used to determine fair values or other amounts of the assets and liabilities, as well as significant assumptions or inputs.
(In millions) Three months ended March 31, 2019 Six months ended March 31, 2019
REVENUE    
Products & Solutions $289
 $615
Services 425
 847
Unallocated Amounts 
 (5) (15)
  $709
 $1,447


(In millions)Predecessor Company Reorganization Adjustments   Fresh Start Adjustments   Successor Company December 15, 2017
ASSETS           
Current assets:           
Cash and cash equivalents$744
 $(404) (1) $
   $340
Accounts receivable, net523
 
   (106) (21,29) 417
Inventory98
 
   29
 (22) 127
Other current assets366
 (58) (2) (66) (23) 242
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS1,731
 (462)   (143)   1,126
Property, plant and equipment, net194
 
   116
 (24) 310
Deferred income taxes, net
 48
 (3) (17) (25) 31
Intangible assets, net298
 
   3,137
 (26) 3,435
Goodwill3,541
 
   (909) (27) 2,632
Other assets70
 6
 (4) (27) (28) 49
TOTAL ASSETS$5,834
 $(408)   $2,157
   $7,583
LIABILITIES           
Current liabilities:           
Debt maturing within one year$725
 $(696) (5) $
   $29
Accounts payable325
 (49) (6) 
   276
Payroll and benefit obligations123
 23
 (7) 
   146
Deferred revenue627
 50
 (8) (341) (29) 336
Business restructuring reserve35
 3
 (9) 
   38
Other current liabilities97
 65
 (6,10) (3) (30) 159
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES1,932
 (604)   (344)   984
Non-current liabilities:           
Long-term debt, net of current portion
 2,771
 (11) 96
 (31) 2,867
Pension obligations539
 246
 (12) 
   785
Other post-retirement obligations
 212
 (13) 
   212
Deferred income taxes, net28
 113
 (14) 548
 (32) 689
Business restructuring reserve26
 4
 (9) 4
 (33) 34
Other liabilities180
 233
 (8,15) (43) (29,34) 370
TOTAL NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES773
 3,579
   605
   4,957
LIABILITIES SUBJECT TO COMPROMISE7,585
 (7,585) (16) 
   
TOTAL LIABILITIES10,290
 (4,610)   261
   5,941
Commitments and contingencies           
Equity awards on redeemable shares6
 (6) (17) 
   
Preferred stock:           
Series B397
 (397) (17) 
   
Series A186
 (186) (17) 
   
STOCKHOLDERS' (DEFICIT) EQUITY           
Common stock (Successor)
 1
 (18) 
   1
Additional paid-in capital (Successor)
 1,641
 (18) 
   1,641
Common stock (Predecessor)
 
   
   
Additional paid-in capital (Predecessor)2,387
 (2,387) (17) 
   
(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings(5,978) 4,872
 (19) 1,106
 (36) 
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income(1,454) 664
 (20) 790
 (35) 
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' (DEFICIT) EQUITY(5,045) 4,791
   1,896
   1,642
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' (DEFICIT) EQUITY$5,834
 $(408)   $2,157
   $7,583
  Three months ended March 31, 2019
(In millions)  Products & Solutions  Services  Unallocated Total
Revenue:        
U.S. $130
 $248
 $(3) $375
International:        
Europe, Middle East and Africa 93
 96
 (1) 188
Asia Pacific 37
 43
 (1) 79
Americas International - Canada and Latin America 29
 38
 
 67
Total International 159
 177
 (2) 334
Total revenue $289
 $425
 $(5) $709


  Six months ended March 31, 2019
(In millions)  Products & Solutions  Services  Unallocated Total
Revenue:        
U.S. $280
 $499
 $(10) $769
International:        
Europe, Middle East and Africa 199
 190
 (2) 387
Asia Pacific 75
 84
 (2) 157
Americas International - Canada and Latin America 61
 74
 (1) 134
Total International 335
 348
 (5) 678
Total revenue $615
 $847
 $(15) $1,447
Reorganization AdjustmentsUnallocated amounts represent the fair value adjustment to deferred revenue recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy and excluded from segment revenue.
In accordanceTransaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations
Transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations that are wholly or partially unsatisfied as of March 31, 2019 is $2.7 billion, of which 55% and 27% is expected to be recognized within 12 months and 13-24 months, respectively, with the Planremaining balance recognized thereafter. This excludes amounts for remaining performance obligations that are (1) for contracts recognized over time using the "right to invoice" practical expedient, (2) related to sales or usage based royalties promised in exchange for a license of Reorganization,intellectual property, and (3) related to variable consideration allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation.
Contract Balances
The Company records a contract asset when revenue is recognized in advance of the following adjustments were made:
1.Sourcesright to bill, pursuant to customer contract terms. The contract asset decreases when the Company has the right to bill the customer which is generally triggered by the satisfaction of additional performance obligations or contract milestones. The Company records a contract liability when payment is received from the customer in advance of the Company satisfying a performance obligation and Uses of Cash.the contract liability is reduced as performance obligations are satisfied and revenue is recognized. The following reflectsCompany records the net cash payments recorded as of the Emergence Date as a result of implementing the Plan of Reorganization:
(In millions) 
Sources: 
Proceeds from Term Loan Credit Agreement, net of original issue discount$2,896
Release of restricted cash76
Total sources of cash2,972
Uses: 
Repayment of DIP Credit Agreement(725)
Payment of DIP accrued interest(1)
Cash paid to Predecessor first lien debt-holders(2,061)
Cash paid to PBGC(340)
Payment for professional fees escrow account(56)
Funding payment for Avaya represented employee pension plan(49)
Payment of accrued professional & administrative fees(27)
Costs incurred for Term Loan Credit Agreement and ABL Credit Agreement(59)
Payment for general unsecured claims(58)
Total uses of cash(3,376)
Net uses of cash$(404)
2.
Other Current Assets.
(In millions) 
Release of restricted cash$(76)
Reclassification of prepaid debt issuance costs related to the Term Loan Credit Agreement(42)
Payment of fees related to the ABL Credit Agreement5
Restricted cash for bankruptcy related professional fees55
Total other current assets$(58)
3.
Deferred Income Taxes. The adjustment represents the release of the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets for certain non-U.S. subsidiaries which management believes more likely than not will be realized as a result of the bankruptcy reorganization.
4.
Other Assets. The adjustment represents the re-establishment of a foreign prepaid tax.
5.
Debt Maturing Within One Year. The adjustment represents the net effect of the Company’s repayment of $725 million for the DIP Credit Agreement and Term Loan Credit Agreement principal payments of $29 million due over the next year.
6.
Accounts Payable. The net decrease of $49 million includes $50 million for professional fees that were reclassified to Other current liabilities for accrued bankruptcy related professional fees that will be paid from an escrow account and the payment of $3 million of bankruptcy related professional fees, partially offset by reinstatement of $4 million contact cure costs from liabilities subject to compromise.
7.
Payroll and Benefit Obligations. The Company reinstated $23 million of liabilities subject to compromise related to the post-employment and post-retirement benefit obligations.
8.
Deferred Revenue. The reinstatement of liabilities subject to compromise was $79 million of which $50 million is included in deferred revenue and $29 million in other liabilities.
9.
Business Restructuring Reserve. The reinstatement of liabilities subject to compromise was $7 million, of which $3 million is current and $4 million is non-current.


contract asset or liability position for each customer contract.

10.Other Current Liabilities.The following table provides information about accounts receivable, contract assets and contract liabilities for the periods presented:
(In millions) 
Reclassification of accrued bankruptcy related professional fees$50
Reinstatement of other current liabilities16
Payment of accrued interest on the DIP Credit Agreement(1)
Total other current liabilities$65
(In millions) March 31, 2019 October 1, 2018 Increase (Decrease)
Accounts receivable, net $300
 $376
 $(76)
       
Contract assets:      
Current $146
 $78
 $68
Non-current (Other assets) 3
 3
 
  $149
 $81
 $68
       
Cost of obtaining a contract:      
Current (Contract costs) $84
 $64
 $20
Non-current (Other assets) 48
 36
 12
  $132
 $100
 $32
       
Cost to fulfill a contract:      
Current (Contract costs) $43
 $45
 $(2)
       
Contract liabilities:      
Current $500
 $467
 $33
Non-current (Other liabilities) 69
 52
 17
  $569
 $519
 $50
11.Exit Financing. In accordanceThe change in contract assets and contract liabilities primarily results from the timing difference between the Company’s satisfaction of a performance obligation and the timing of the payment from the customer. Accounts receivable are recorded when the customer has been billed or the right to consideration is unconditional. The Company recognizes a contract asset when it transfers products and services to a customer in advance of scheduled billings. Contract assets decrease when the Company invoices the customer or the right to receive consideration is unconditional. The Company did not record any asset impairment charges related to contract assets during the six months ended March 31, 2019. Contract liabilities are recorded when the Company receives payment from the customer in advance of the Company’s completion of performance obligation(s). During the six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized revenue of $396 million that had been recorded as a Contract liability at October 1, 2018.
Contract Costs
The Company capitalizes direct and incremental costs incurred to obtain and to fulfill a contract, such as sales commissions and products and services, respectively. These costs are recognized as an asset if the Company expects to recover them and are amortized consistent with the Plantransfer to the customer of Reorganization, the Company entered intounderlying performance obligations. Costs to obtain a contract are amortized using the Term Loan Credit Agreementportfolio approach over the average term of the customer contracts, which corresponds to the period of benefit. Costs incurred to obtain a contract with a principal amountan amortization period of $2,925 million maturing seven years from the date of issuance, and the ABL Credit Agreement, which allows borrowings up to an aggregate principal amount of $300 million, subject to borrowing base availability, maturing five years from the date of issuance.
(In millions) 
Term Loan Credit Agreement$2,925
Less: 
Discount(29)
Upfront and underwriting fees(54)
Cash received upon emergence from bankruptcy2,842
Reclassification of debt issuance cost incurred prior to emergence from bankruptcy(42)
Current portion of Long-term debt(29)
Long-term debt, net of current portion$2,771
12.
Pension Obligations. In accordance with the Plan of Reorganization, the Company reinstated from liabilities subject to compromise $295 million related to the Avaya Pension Plan for represented employees and also contributed $49 million to the related pension trust.
13.
Other Post-retirement Obligations. Other post-retirement benefit obligations of $212 million were reinstated from liabilities subject to compromise.
14.
Deferred Income Taxes. The adjustment represents the reinstatement of the deferred tax liability that was included in liabilities subject to compromise.
15.
Other Liabilities. The increase of $233 million primarily relates to the reinstatement of employee benefits, tax liabilities and deferred revenue from liabilities subject to compromise. Also included is the value of the Warrants issued to the holders of the Predecessor second lien obligations on the Emergence Date.


16.Liabilities Subject to Compromise. Liabilities subject to compromise were reinstatedone year or settledless are expensed as followsincurred, in accordance with the Planprescribed practical expedient. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized $24 million for amortization of Reorganization:
costs to obtain customer contracts, of which $23 million was included in Selling, general and administrative expense and the remaining $1 million was a reduction to Revenue. For the six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized $46 million for amortization of costs to obtain customer contracts, of which $43 million was included in Selling, general and administrative expense and the remaining $3 million was a reduction to Revenue.
(In millions)   
Liabilities subject to compromise  $7,585
Less amounts settled per the Plan of Reorganization   
Pre-petition first lien debt  (4,281)
Pre-petition second lien debt  (1,440)
Avaya Pension Plan for Salaried Employees  (620)
Amounts reinstated:   
Accounts payable(4)  
Payroll and benefit obligations(23)  
Deferred revenue(50)  
Business restructuring reserves(7)  
Other current liabilities(16)  
Pension obligations(295)  
Other post-retirement obligations(212)  
Deferred income taxes, net(118)  
Other liabilities(216)  
Total liabilities reinstated at emergence  (941)
General unsecured credit claims(1)
  (303)
Liabilities subject to compromise  $
Contract fulfillment costs are recognized consistent with the transfer to the customer of the underlying performance obligations based on the specific contracts to which they relate. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized $6 million and $20 million of contract fulfillment costs within Costs, respectively.
(1) In
4. Business Combinations
Spoken Communications
On March 9, 2018 (the "Acquisition Date"), the Company acquired Intellisist, Inc. ("Spoken"), a United States-based private technology company, which provides cloud-based Contact Center as a Service solutions and customer experience management and automation applications. The total purchase price was $172 million, consisting of $157 million in cash, $14 million in

contingent consideration and a $1 million settlement of allowed general unsecured claims, each claimant will receiveSpoken’s net payable to the Company which mainly related to services provided by the Company to Spoken under a pro-rata distributionco-development partnership prior to the acquisition.
Upon the achievement of $58three specified performance targets ("Earn-outs"), the Company is required to pay up to $16 million of contingent consideration to Spoken's former owners and employees and up to $4 million in discretionary earn-out bonuses ("Earn-out Bonuses") to Spoken employees who have contributed to the general unsecured claims account.
The following table displays the detail on the gain on settlement of liabilities subject to compromise:
(In millions) 
Pre-petition first lien debt$734
Pre-petition second lien debt1,357
Avaya pension plan for salaried employees(514)
General unsecured creditors' claims227
Net gain on settlement of Liabilities subject to compromise$1,804
17.
Cancellation of Predecessor Preferred and Common Stock. All common stock, Series A and B preferred stock and all other equity awards of the Predecessor Company were cancelled on the Emergence Date without any recovery on account thereof.
18.
Issuance of Successor Common Stock and Warrants. In settlement of the Company's $5,721 million Predecessor first lien obligations and Predecessor second lien obligations, the holders of the Predecessor first lien obligations received a total of 99.3 million shares of common stock (fair value of $1,486 million) and $2,061 million in cash and the holders of the Predecessor second lien obligations received a total of 4.4 million shares of common stock (fair value of $66 million) and 5.6 million of Warrants to purchase additional common shares (fair value of $17 million). In addition, as part of the Plan of Reorganization, the Company completed a distressed termination of the APPSE in accordance with the Stipulation Settlement with the PBGC, the PBGC received $340 million in cash and 6.1 million shares of common stock (fair value of $90 million).


19.Accumulated Deficit.
(In millions) 
Accumulated deficit: 
Net gain on settlement of liabilities subject to compromise$1,804
Expense for certain professional fees(26)
Benefit from income taxes118
Cancellation of Predecessor equity awards6
Cancellation of Predecessor Preferred stock Series B397
Cancellation of Predecessor Preferred stock Series A186
Cancellation of Predecessor Common stock2,387
Total$4,872
20.
Accumulated Comprehensive Loss. The changes to Accumulated comprehensive loss relate to the settlement of the APPSE and the Avaya Supplemental Pension Plan ("ASPP") and the associated taxes.
Fresh Start Adjustments
At the Emergence Date, the Company met the requirements under ASC 852 for fresh start accounting as (i) the holders of existing voting sharesachievement of the Predecessor Company received less than 50% of the voting shares of the emerging entity and (ii) the reorganization value of the Company's assets immediately prior to confirmation was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims. These adjustments reflect actual amounts recorded as of the Emergence Date.
21.
Accounts Receivable. This adjustment relates to a change in accounting policy for the way the Company will present uncollected deferred revenue upon emergence from bankruptcy. The Company will offset such deferred revenue against the related account receivable.
22.
Inventory. This adjustment relates to the write-up of inventory to fair value based on estimated selling prices, less costs of disposal.
23.
Other Current Assets. This adjustment reflects the write-off of certain prepaid commissions, deferred installation costs and debt issuance costs that do not meet the definition of an asset upon emergence.
24.
Property, Plant and Equipment. An adjustment of $116 million was recorded to increase the net book value of property, plant and equipment to its estimated fair value based on estimated current acquisition price, plus costs to make the property fully operational.
The following table reflects the components of property, plant and equipment, net as of December 15, 2017:
(In millions) 
Buildings and improvements$82
Machinery and equipment38
Rental equipment85
Assets under construction13
Internal use software92
Total property, plant and equipment310
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
Property, plant and equipment, net$310
25.
Deferred Income Tax.The adjustment represents the release of the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets for certain non-U.S. subsidiaries which management believes more likely than not will be realized as a result of future taxable income from the reversal of deferred tax liabilities that were established as part of fresh start accounting.


26.
Intangible Assets. The Company recorded an adjustment to intangible assets for $3,137 million as follows:
(In millions)Successor  Predecessor  
 December 15, 2017 Post-emergence  December 15, 2017 Pre-emergence Difference
Customer relationships and other intangible assets$2,155
  $96
 $2,059
Technology and patents905
  12
 893
Trademarks and trade names375
  190
 185
Total$3,435
  $298
 $3,137
Earn-outs. The fair value of customer relationshipsthe Earn-outs at the Acquisition Date was determined$14 million, which was calculated using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model and is remeasured to fair value at each subsequent reporting period. The Earn-out Bonuses, which are intended to incentivize continuing employees to assist in achieving the excess earnings method, a derivationEarn-outs, are excluded from the acquisition consideration and are recognized as compensation expense in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements ratably over the estimated Earn-out periods. During the six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company paid $11 million and $2 million for Earn-outs and Earn-out Bonuses, respectively, related to the achievement of two of the income approach that calculates residual profit attributablethree Earn-out targets. The third Earn-out target is expected to an asset after proper returnsbe completed and the corresponding Earn-out and Earn-out Bonuses are expected to be paid to complementary or contributory assets.
Theby the Company during the remainder of fiscal 2019. As of March 31, 2019, the fair value of the Earn-out liability was $5 million.
In connection with this acquisition, the Company recorded goodwill of $117 million, which has been assigned to the Products & Solutions segment, identifiable intangible assets with a fair value of $64 million, and other net liabilities of $9 million. The goodwill recognized is attributable primarily to the potential that the Spoken technology, cloud platform and assembled workforce will accelerate the Company's growth in cloud-based solutions. The Company has determined that the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.
The acquired intangible assets of $64 million included technology and patents of $56 million with a weighted average useful life of 4.9 years, $5 million of in-process research and trademarksdevelopment ("IPR&D") activities, which are considered indefinite lived until projects are completed or abandoned, and trade names determined usingcustomer relationships of $3 million with a weighted average useful life of 7.5 years. During the royalty savings method,six months ended March 31, 2019, certain IPR&D activities have been completed and are being amortized over a derivationweighted average useful life of 5.0 years.
Spoken became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the income approach that estimatesCompany on March 9, 2018. The Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect the royalties saved through ownershipfinancial results of the assets.
27.Goodwill. Predecessor goodwilloperations of $3,541Spoken beginning on March 9, 2018. Spoken’s revenue and operating loss included in the Company’s results for the six months ended March 31, 2019, was $5 million was eliminated and Successor goodwill$13 million, respectively. As of $2,632 million was established based onMarch 31, 2019, the calculated reorganization value.
(In millions) 
Reorganization value of Successor Company$7,583
Less: Fair value of Successor Company assets(4,951)
Reorganization value of Successor Company assets in excess of fair value - goodwill$2,632
28.
Other Assets. The $27 million decrease to other assets is related to prepaid commissions that do not meet the definition of an asset upon emergence as there is no future benefit to the Successor Company.
29.
Deferred Revenue. The fair value of deferred revenue, which principally relates to payments on annual maintenance contracts, was determined by deducting selling costs and associated profit from the Predecessor deferred revenue balance to arrive at the costs and profit associated with fulfilling the liability. Additionally, the decrease includes the impact of an accounting policy change whereby the Successor Company no longer presents uncollected deferred revenue.
30.
Other Current Liabilities. The decrease of $3 million to other current liabilities is related to the fair value of real estate leases determined to be above or below market using the income approach based on the difference between the contractual rental rate and the estimated market rental rate, discounted utilizing a risk-related discount rate.
31.
Long-term Debt. The fair value of the Term Loan Credit Agreement was determined based on a market approach utilizing market-clearing data on the valuation date in addition to bid/ask prices.
32.
Deferred Income Taxes. The adjustment represents the establishment of deferred tax liabilities related to book/tax differences created by fresh start accounting adjustments. The amount is net of the release of the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, which management believes more likely than not will be realized as a result of future taxable income from the reversal of such deferred tax liabilities.
33.
Business Restructuring Reserve. The Company recorded an increase to its non-current business restructuring reserves based on estimated future cash flows applied to a current discount rate at emergence.
34.
Other Liabilities. A decrease in other liabilities of $43 million relates to deferred revenue and real estate leases as previously discussed.
35.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. The remaining balance in Accumulated comprehensive loss was reversed to Reorganization expenses, net.
36.
Fresh Start Adjustments. The following table reflects the cumulative impact of the fresh start adjustments as discussed above, the elimination of the Predecessor Company's accumulated other comprehensive loss and the adjustments required to eliminate accumulated deficit.


(In millions)    
Eliminate Predecessor Intangible assets$(298)   
Eliminate Predecessor Goodwill(3,541)   
Establish Successor Intangible assets3,435
   
Establish Successor Goodwill2,632
   
Fair value adjustment to Inventory29
   
Fair value adjustment to Other current assets(66)   
Fair value adjustment to Property, plant and equipment116
   
Fair value adjustment to Other assets(27)   
Fair value adjustment to Deferred revenue235
   
Fair value adjustment to Business restructuring reserves(4)   
Fair value adjustment to Other current liabilities3
   
Fair value adjustment to Long-term debt(96)   
Fair value adjustment to Other liabilities43
   
Release Predecessor Accumulated comprehensive loss(790)   
Fresh start adjustments included in Reorganization items, net   $1,671
Tax impact of fresh start adjustments   (565)
Gain on fresh start accounting   $1,106
Company finalized its purchase accounting for the Spoken acquisition.
6.Goodwill and Intangible Assets
5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Goodwill is not amortized but is subject to periodic testing for impairment in accordance with GAAP at the reporting unit level, which is one level below the Company’s operating segments. The Company performshas five reporting units, all of which are subject to impairment testing annually or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount.
TheAs a result of lower than planned financial results for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company determined that no events occurred or circumstances changed during the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) that wouldevaluated whether it is more likely than not reducethat the fair value of any of the Company'sone or more reporting units is below theirthe respective carrying amounts.amount.  As a result of this evaluation, the Company determined that an interim impairment test was not required.  However, if conditions deteriorate further or there is a changeif changes in key assumptions and estimates differ significantly from management’s expectations, the business,Company will reassess its conclusion and it may be necessary to record impairment charges in the future.
The Company adjusted the carrying value of goodwill upon application of fresh start accounting.
The carrying value of goodwill by operating segments for the periods indicated was as follows:
(In millions)
Global
Communications
Solutions
 Avaya Global Services Total
September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)$1,093
 $2,449
 $3,542
Adjustments(1) 
 (1)
Impact of fresh start accounting68
 (977) (909)
December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)$1,160
 $1,472
 $2,632
      
      
December 31, 2017 (Successor)$1,160
 $1,472
 $2,632
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets include technology and patents, customer relationships and trademarks and trade-names and other intangibles.trade names. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated economic lives of the assets, which range from three years to twenty years.
Long-lived assets, including intangibleassets. Intangible assets with finite lives, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable.


Intangible assets determined to have indefinite useful lives are not amortized. The Company performsamortized but are tested for impairment testing annually orand more frequently if events occur or changes in circumstances change that indicate that it is more likely than not that thean asset ismay be impaired. The Avaya trade name is expected to generate cash flow indefinitely. Consequently, this asset is classified as an indefinite-lived intangible.
The Company determined that no events had occurred or circumstances changed during the period from December 16, 2017 through Decembersix months ended March 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)2019 that would indicate that its long-lived assets, includingfinite-lived intangible assets with finite lives, may not be recoverable or that it is more likely than not that its indefinite-lived intangible assets with indefinite lives are impaired. However, if conditions deteriorate or there is a change in the business, it may be necessary to record impairment charges in the future.

The Company adjusted the carrying value ofCompany's intangible assets upon applicationconsist of fresh start accounting.
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization by major intangible asset category as of December 31, 2017 (Successor) and September 30, 2017 (Predecessor) were as follows:
the following for the periods indicated:
 Successor
 As of December 31, 2017
(In millions)Technology and patents Customer relationships and other intangibles Trademarks
and trade
names
 Total
Gross Carrying Amount$905
 $2,155
 $375
 $3,435
Accumulated Amortization(7) (7) 
 (14)
Net$898
 $2,148
 $375
 $3,421
        
        
 Predecessor
 As of September 30, 2017
(In millions)Technology and patents Customer relationships and other intangibles Trademarks
and trade
names
 Total
Gross Carrying Amount$1,427
 $2,196
 $545
 $4,168
Accumulated Amortization(1,411) (2,091) 
 (3,502)
Accumulated Impairment
 
 (355) (355)
Net$16
 $105
 $190
 $311
(In millions) 
Technology
and Patents
 Customer
Relationships
and Other
Intangibles
 Trademarks
and Trade Names
 Total
Balance as of March 31, 2019        
Finite-lived intangible assets:        
Cost $962
 $2,157
 $43
 $3,162
Accumulated amortization (222) (202) (6) (430)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net 740
 1,955
 37
 2,732
Indefinite-lived intangible assets 2
 
 332
 334
Intangible assets, net $742
 $1,955
 $369
 $3,066
Balance as of September 30, 2018        
Finite-lived intangible assets:        
Cost $959
 $2,157
 $43
 $3,159
Accumulated amortization (135) (124) (3) (262)
Finite-lived intangible assets, net 824
 2,033
 40
 2,897
Indefinite-lived intangible assets 5
 
 332
 337
Intangible assets, net $829
 $2,033
 $372
 $3,234
Amortization expense related to intangible assetsfor the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Successor) was $14 million, $13$85 million and $62$81 million, respectively. Amortization expense for the six months ended March 31, 2019 (Successor), the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 (Successor), and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) was $168 million, $95 million and the three months ended December 31, 2016 (Predecessor),$13 million, respectively.
The technology and patents have useful lives that range between 3 years and 10 years with a weighted average remaining useful life
6. Supplementary Financial Information
Condensed Consolidated Statements of 5.7 years. Customer relationships have useful lives that range between 7 years and 20 years with a weighted average useful life of 14.5 years. Amortizable product trade names have useful lives of 10 years. The Avaya trade name is expected to generate cash flows indefinitely and, consequently, this asset is classified as an indefinite-lived intangible.
Future amortization expense related to intangible assets as of December 31, 2017 are as follows:
(In millions) 
Remainder of fiscal 2018$247
2019326
2020326
2021325
2022298
2023 and thereafter1,566
Total$3,088


7.Supplementary Financial Information
Supplemental Operations Information
AThe following table presents a summary of otherOther income (expense) income,, net for the periods indicated is presented in the following table:
indicated:
  
Successor  Predecessor
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET      
Interest income$
  $2
 $
Foreign currency gains, net2
  
 11
Income from transition services agreement, net
  3
 
Other pension and post-retirement benefit costs1
  (8) (6)
Change in fair value of the warrant liability(5)  
 
Other, net
  1
 (1)
Total other (expense) income, net$(2)  $(2) $4
  Successor  Predecessor
(In millions) Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET           
Interest income $4
 $1
 $7
 $1
  $2
Foreign currency losses, net (6) (3) (7) (1)  
Income from transition services agreement, net 
 4
 
 4
  3
Other pension and post-retirement benefit credits (costs), net 2
 4
 4
 5
  (8)
Change in fair value of emergence date warrants 3
 (10) 21
 (15)  
Other, net (2) 1
 (2) 1
  1
Total other income (expense), net $1
 $(3) $23
 $(5)  $(2)

A summary of reorganizationReorganization items, net for the periods indicated is presented in the following table:
Successor  Predecessor Predecessor
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
REORGANIZATION ITEMS, NET        
Net gain on settlement of Liabilities subject to compromise $1,778
Net gain on fresh start adjustments 1,697
Bankruptcy-related professional fees$
  $(56) $
 (56)
Net gain on settlement of liabilities subject to compromise
  1,804
 
Net gain on fresh start adjustments
  1,671
 
Other items, net
  (3) 
 (3)
Reorganization items, net$
  $3,416
 $
 $3,416
Cash payments for reorganization items$1
  $2,524
 $
 $2,524
Costs directly attributable to the implementation of the Plan of Reorganization were reported as reorganizationReorganization items, net. The cash payments for reorganization items for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) included $2,468 million of claims paid related to liabilitiesLiabilities subject to compromise and $56 million for bankruptcy-related professional fees, including emergence and success fees paid on the Emergence Date.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
8.Business Restructuring Reserves and Programs
  Successor  Predecessor
(In millions) Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
OTHER PAYMENTS           
Interest payments $51
 $47
 $99
 $47
  $15
Income tax payments 28
 7
 35
 9
  7
            
NON-CASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES           
Increase (decrease) in Accounts payable for Capital expenditures $1
 $(1) $5
 $
  $
The following table presents a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the periods presented:
  Successor  Predecessor
(In millions) March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018 March 31, 2018  December 15, 2017 September 30, 2017
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS, AND RESTRICTED CASH           
Cash and cash equivalents $735
 $700
 $311
  $366
 $876
Restricted cash included in other current assets 
 
 37
  65
 85
Restricted cash included in other assets 4
 4
 4
  4
 5
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash $739
 $704
 $352
  $435
 $966
As of March 31, 2018 (Successor) and December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), restricted cash in other current assets consisted primarily of funds held for bankruptcy-related professional fees and funds held related to the sale of the Company's Networking business in July 2017. As of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor), restricted cash in other current assets consisted primarily of cash that was drawn from term loans under the Debtor-in-Possession credit agreement to cash collateralize existing letters of credit.

7. Business Restructuring Reserves and Programs
For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Successor), the Company recognized restructuring charges of $4 million and $40 million, respectively. For the six months ended March 31, 2019 (Successor), the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), the Company recognized restructuring charges of $10$11 million, $50 million and $14 million, respectively, including adjustmentsrespectively. The restructuring charges include changes in estimates for increases and decreases in costs or changes in the timing of payments related to the restructuring programs of prior fiscal years primarily consistingyears. The Company's restructuring charges generally include separation charges which include, but are not limited to, termination payments, pension fund payments, and health care and unemployment insurance costs to be paid to, or on behalf of, the termination/buyout of leases.affected employees; and lease obligation charges. As the Company continues to evaluate opportunities to streamline its operations, it may identify cost savings globally and take additional restructuring actions in the future and the costs of those actions could be material. The Company does not allocate restructuring reserves to its operating segments.
Fiscal 20182019 Restructuring Program
During the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), recognizedRecognized restructuring charges for the fiscal 20182019 restructuring program were forincluded employee separation costs associated with employee severance actions primarily in the U.S. and, Europe, Middle East and Africa ("EMEA"), and Canada, for which the related payments are expected to be completed by fiscal 2021.
The following table summarizes the components of the fiscal 2019 restructuring program for the six months ended March 31, 2019:
(In millions)Employee Separation Costs Lease Obligations Total
Restructuring charges$10
 $1
 $11
Cash payments(4) 
 (4)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations(1) 
 (1)
Balance as of March 31, 2019$5
 $1
 $6
Fiscal 2018 Restructuring Program
Fiscal 2018 restructuring obligations include employee separation costs associated with employee severance actions primarily the U.K. andin EMEA, for which the related payments are expected to be completed by the beginning of fiscal 2020. These actions include workforce reductions of 206 employees including 120 in the U.S. and 25 in EMEA. The separation charges include, but are not limited to, pension fund payments and health care and unemployment insurance costs to be paid to or on behalf of the affected employees.


2027.
The following table summarizes the components of the fiscal 2018 restructuring program for the period from December 16, 2017 through Decembersix months ended March 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor):2019:
(In millions)Employee Separation Costs Lease Obligations Total
2018 restructuring charges$12
 $
 $12
Cash payments(3) 
 (3)
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)$9
 $
 $9
      
      
2018 restructuring charges(1)
$
 $10
 $10
Cash payments(2) (10) (12)
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Successor)$7
 $
 $7
(In millions)Employee Separation Costs Lease Obligations Total
Balance as of September 30, 2018$54
 $
 $54
Adjustments (1)
(1) 
 (1)
Cash payments(10) 
 (10)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations(1) 
 (1)
Balance as of March 31, 2019$42
 $
 $42
(1) Charges incurred in connection with the termination of the Santa Clara lease.
(1)
Includes changes in estimates for increases and decreases in costs related to the fiscal 2018 restructuring program, which are recorded in Restructuring charges, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period of the adjustment.
Fiscal 2008 through 2017 Restructuring ProgramPrograms
During fiscal 2017, the Company identified opportunities to streamline operations and generate costs savings, which included eliminating employee positions. These obligations are primarily for employee separation costs associated with fiscal 2017 employee severance actions in the U.S. and EMEA, for which the related payments are expected to be completed in fiscal 2023. The separation charges include, but are not limited to, pension fund payments and health care and unemployment insurance costs to be paid to or on behalf of the affected employees.
The following table summarizes the components of the fiscal 2017 restructuring program for the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor):
(In millions)Employee Separation Costs Lease Obligations Total
Balance as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)$4
 $1
 $5
Cash payments(1) (1) (2)
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)$3
 $
 $3
      
      
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Successor)$3
 $
 $3
Fiscal 2008 through 2016 Restructuring Programs
During fiscal years 2008 through 2016, the Company identified opportunities to streamline operations and generate cost savings, which included eliminating employee positions and exiting facilities. The remaining obligationspayments related to the headcount reductions identified in these restructuring programs are for employee severance costs are primarily associated with EMEA plans expected to be substantially completed by fiscal 2023. Future rental payments, net of estimated sublease income, related to operating lease obligations for unused space in connection with the closing or consolidation of facilities are expected to continue through fiscal 2021.

The following table aggregates the remaining components of the fiscal 2008 through 20162017 restructuring programs for the period from December 16, 2017 through Decembersix months ended March 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor):2019:
(In millions)Employee Separation Costs Lease Obligations Total
Balance as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)$51
 $24
 $75
Cash payments(3) (17) (20)
Expense1
 1
 2
Adjustments - fresh start and reorganization items$4
 $(1) $3
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)$53
 $7
 $60
      
      
Cash Payments(2) 
 (2)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations2
 
 2
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Successor)$53
 $7
 $60


(In millions)Employee Separation Costs Lease Obligations Total
Balance as of September 30, 2018$38
 $6
 $44
Adjustments (1)
1
 
 1
Cash payments(9) (2) (11)
Impact of foreign currency fluctuations(1) 
 (1)
Balance as of March 31, 2019$29
 $4
 $33
9.
(1)
Financing Arrangements
Includes changes in estimates for increases and decreases in costs related to the fiscal 2008 through 2017 restructuring programs, which are recorded in Restructuring charges, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the period of the adjustment.
8. Financing Arrangements
The following table reflects principal amounts of debt and debt net of discounts and issuance costs as of December 31, 2017 (Successor) and principal amounts of debt and debt net of discounts and issuance costs as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor), which includesfor the impact of adequate protection payments and accrued interest as of January 19, 2017:
periods presented:
 Successor  Predecessor
 December 31, 2017  September 30, 2017
(In millions)Principal amount Net of discounts and issuance costs  Principal amount Net of discounts and issuance costs
Term Loan Credit Agreement$2,925
 $2,896
  $
 $
DIP Credit Agreement due January 19, 2018
 
  725
 725
First lien debt:        
     Senior secured term B-3 loans
 
  594
 594
     Senior secured term B-4 loans
 
  1
 1
     Senior secured term B-6 loans
 
  519
 519
     Senior secured term B-7 loans
 
  2,012
 2,012
     7% senior secured notes
 
  982
 982
     9% senior secured notes
 
  284
 284
Second lien debt:        
     10.50% senior secured notes
 
  1,440
 1,440
Total debt$2,925
 2,896
  $6,557
 6,557
Debt maturing within one year  (29)    (725)
Long-term debt, net of current portion(1)
  $2,867
    $5,832
  
March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
(In millions)Principal amount Net of discounts and issuance costs Principal amount Net of discounts and issuance costs
Term Loan Credit Agreement due December 15, 2024$2,888
 $2,858
 $2,903
 $2,870
Convertible 2.25% senior notes due June 15, 2023350
 264
 350
 256
Total debt$3,238
 3,122
 $3,253
 3,126
Debt maturing within one year  (29)   (29)
Long-term debt, net of current portion  $3,093
   $3,097
(1) Pre-petition long-term debt as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor) was included in liabilities subject to compromise.Term Loan and ABL Credit Agreements
On the Emergence Date:
1.the Successor Company entered into the Term Loan Credit Agreement and the ABL Credit Agreement;
2.the DIP Credit Agreement was paid in full;
3.the holders of the Predecessor first lien obligations received cash and Successor Company common stock (aggregate fair value of $3,547 million) and the Company cancelled $4,281 million of the Predecessor Company first lien obligations; and
4.the holders of the Predecessor second lien obligations received Successor Company common stock and Warrants to purchase common stock (aggregate fair value of $83 million) and the Company cancelled $1,440 million of the Predecessor Company second lien obligations.
Successor Financing
On the Emergence Date,December 15, 2017, Avaya Inc. entered into (i) the Term Loan Credit Agreement among Avaya Inc., as borrower, Avaya Holdings, the lending institutions from time to time party thereto, and Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as administrative agent and collateral agent, which provided a $2,925 million term loan facility maturing on December 15, 2024 (the "Term Loan Credit Agreement") and (ii) the ABL Credit Agreement maturing on December 15, 2022, among Avaya Inc., as borrower, Avaya Holdings, the several other borrowers party thereto, the several lenders from time to time party thereto, and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent and collateral agent, which provided a revolving credit facility consisting of a U.S. tranche and a foreign tranche allowing for borrowings of up to an aggregate principal amount of $300 million from time to time, subject to borrowing base availability (the ABL"ABL Credit AgreementAgreement" and, together with the Term Loan Credit Agreement, the “Credit Agreements”"Credit Agreements"). TheOn June 18, 2018, the Company amended the Term Loan Credit Agreement into reduce interest rates and to reduce the caseLondon Inter-bank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") floor that existed under the original agreement from 1.00% to 0.00%.
For the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, the three months ended March 31, 2018 and the period from December 16, 2017 through March 31, 2018, the Company recognized interest expense of ABR Loans, bears interest at a rate per annum equal$50 million, $100 million, $47 million and $56 million, respectively, related to 3.75% plus the highest of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the U.S. prime rate as publicly announced in the Wall Street Journal and (iii) the LIBOR Rate for an interest period of one month and in the case of LIBOR Loans, bears interest at a rate per annum equal to 4.75% plus the applicable LIBOR Rate, subject to a 1% floor. The ABL Credit Agreement bears interest:
1.In the case of Base Rate Loans denominated in U.S. dollars, at a rate per annum equal to 0.75% (subject to a 0.25% step-up or step-down based on availability) plus the highest of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the U.S. prime rate as publicly announced by Citibank, N.A. and (iii) the LIBOR Rate for an interest period of one month;    


2.In the case of LIBOR Rate Loans denominated in U.S. dollars, at a rate per annum equal to 1.75% (subject to a 0.25% step-up or step-down based on availability) plus the applicable LIBOR Rate;
3.In the case of Canadian Prime Rate Loans denominated in Canadian dollars, at a rate per annum equal to 0.75% (subject to a 0.25% step-up or step-down based on availability) plus the highest of (i) the “Base Rate” as publicly announced by Citibank, N.A., Canadian branch and (ii) the CDOR Rate for an interest period of 30 days;
4.In the case of CDOR Rate Loans denominated in Canadian dollars, at a rate per annum equal to 1.75% (subject to a 0.25% step-up or step-down based on availability) plus the applicable CDOR Rate;
5.In the case of LIBOR Rate Loans denominated in Sterling, at a rate per annum equal to 1.75% (subject to a 0.25% step-up or step-down based on availability) plus the applicable LIBOR Rate;
6.In the case of EURIBOR Rate Loans denominated in Euro, at a rate per annum equal to 1.75% (subject to a 0.25% step-up or step-down based on availability) plus the applicable LIBOR Rate; and
7.In the case of Overnight LIBOR Rate Loans, at a rate per annum equal to 1.75% (subject to a 0.25% step-up or step-down based on availability) plus the applicable Overnight LIBOR Rate.
The Credit Agreements limit, among other things, Avaya Inc.’s ability to (i) incur indebtedness, (ii) incur liens, (iii) dispose of assets, (iv) make investments, (v) make dividends, or conduct redemptions and repurchases of capital stock, (vi) prepay junior indebtedness or amend junior indebtedness documents, (vii) enter into restricted agreements, (viii) enter into transactions with affiliates and (ix) modify the terms of any of its organizational documents.
The Term Loan Credit Agreement, does not contain any financial covenants. The ABL Credit Agreement does not contain any financial covenants other than a requirement to maintain a minimum fixed charge coverage ratioincluding the amortization of 1:1 that becomes applicable only in the event that the net borrowing availability under the ABL Credit Agreement is less than the greater of $25 milliondiscounts and 10% of the lesser of the total borrowing base and the ABL commitments (commonly known as the "line cap").
As of December 31, 2017, the Company was not in default under any of its debt agreements.issuance costs.
Under the terms of the ABL Credit Agreement, the Company can issue letters of credit up to $150 million. At DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019, the Company had issued and outstanding letters of credit and guarantees of $74$46 million. As of March 31, 2019, the Company had no borrowings outstanding under the ABL. The aggregate additional principal amount that may be borrowed under the ABL Credit Agreement, based on the borrowing base less $74$46 million of outstanding letters of credit and guarantees, was $139$142 million at DecemberMarch 31, 2017.2019.
Convertible Notes
On June 11, 2018, the Company issued its 2.25% Convertible Notes in an aggregate principal amount of $350 million (including the underwriters’ exercise in full of an over-allotment option of $50 million), which mature on June 15, 2023 (the "Convertible Notes"). The Convertible Notes were issued under an indenture, by and between the Company and the Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company N.A., as Trustee. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized interest expense of $6 million and $12 million related to the Convertible Notes, which includes $4 million and $8 million of amortization of the underwriting discount and issuance costs, respectively.

The net carrying amount of the Convertible Notes for the periods indicated was as follows:
(In millions) March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
Principal $350
 $350
Less:    
Unamortized debt discount (80) (87)
Unamortized issuance costs (6) (7)
Net carrying amount $264
 $256
The weighted average contractual interest rate of the Company’s outstanding debt as of DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 and September 30, 2018 was 6.2%.
Predecessor Financing
Debt Covenants6.5% and Default. 6.4%, respectively. The indentures governingeffective interest rate for the Predecessor senior secured notes contained a numberTerm Loan Credit Agreement as of covenants that, among other things and subjectMarch 31, 2019 was not materially different than its contractual interest rate including adjustments related to certain exceptions, restrictedhedging. The effective interest rate for the abilityConvertible Notes as of March 31, 2019 was 9.2% reflecting the separation of the Predecessorconversion feature in equity. The effective interest rates include interest on the debt and certainamortization of discounts and issuance costs.
For the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), contractual interest expense of $94 million was not recorded as interest expense, as it was not an allowed claim under the Bankruptcy Filing.
As of March 31, 2019, the Company was not in default under any of its subsidiaries to (a) incur or guarantee additional debt and issue or sell certain preferred stock, (b) pay dividends on, redeem or repurchase capital stock, (c) make certain acquisitions or investments, (d) incur or assume certain liens, (e) enter into transactions with affiliates, (f) merge or consolidate with another company, (g) transfer or otherwise dispose of assets, (h) redeem subordinated debt, (i) incur obligations that restricted the ability of the Company’s subsidiaries to pay dividends or make other payments to the Company, and (j) create or designate unrestricted subsidiaries. They also contained customary affirmative covenants and events of default.
The Bankruptcy Filing constituted an event of default that accelerated the Predecessor’s payment obligations under the senior secured credit agreements and the senior secured notes. As a result of the Bankruptcy Filing, the principal and interest due under the Predecessor’s debt agreements became due and payable. However, any efforts to enforce such payment obligations were automatically stayed as a result of the Bankruptcy Filing, and the creditors’ rights of enforcement were subject to the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and orders of the Bankruptcy Court. Consequently, all debt outstanding was classified as liabilities subject to compromise and all unamortized debt issuance costs and unaccreted debt discounts were expensed.
DIP Credit Agreement. In connection with the Bankruptcy Filing, on the Petition Date, the Predecessor entered into the DIP Credit Agreement, which provided a $725 million term loan facility due January 2018, and a cash collateralized letter of credit facility in an aggregate amount equal to $150 million. All letters of credit were cash collateralized in an amount equal to 101.5% of the face amount of such letters of credit denominated in U.S. dollars and 103% of the face amount of letters of credit denominated in alternative currencies. The DIP Credit Agreement, in the case of the Base Rate Loans, bore interest at a rate per annum equal to 6.5% plus the highest of (i) Citibank, N.A.’s prime rate, (ii) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.5% and (iii) the Eurocurrency Rate for an interest period of one month, subject to a 2% floor, and in the case of the Eurocurrency Loans, bore interest at a rate per annum equal to 7.5% plus the applicable Eurocurrency Rate, subject to a 1% floor.


agreements.
Capital Lease Obligations
Included in otherOther liabilities is $22$23 million and $14$31 million of capital lease obligations, net of imputed interest as of DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor)2019 and September 30, 2017 (Predecessor), respectively, and excluded amounts included in liabilities subject to compromise of $12 million as of September 30, 2017.2018, respectively.
The Company entered into an agreement to outsourceoutsources certain delivery services associated with the Avaya Private Cloud Services business. That agreement also includedprivate cloud services, which include the sale of specified assets owned by the Company whichthat are being leased-back by the Company and accounted for as a capital lease. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor)2019 and September 30, 2017 (Predecessor),2018, capital lease obligations associated with this agreement were $21$19 million and $24$26 million, respectively,respectively.
9. Derivative Instruments and includeHedging Activities
The Company accounts for derivative financial instruments in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, "Derivatives and Hedging," ("ASC 815") and does not enter into derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.
Interest Rate Contracts
The Company, from time-to-time, enters into interest rate swap contracts as a hedge against changes in interest rates on its variable rate loans outstanding.
On May 16, 2018, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements with six counterparties, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due under its Term Loan Credit Agreement (the "Swap Agreements"). Under the terms of the Swap Agreements, which mature on December 15, 2022, the Company pays a fixed rate of 2.935% and receives a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR. As of March 31, 2019, the total notional amount of the six Swap Agreements was $1,800 million.
The Swap Agreements are designated as cash flow hedges as they are deemed highly effective as defined under ASC 815. As a result, the unrealized gains or losses on these contracts are initially recorded as Accumulated other comprehensive income in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As interest expense is recognized on the Term Loan Credit Agreement, the corresponding deferred gain or loss on the interest rate swaps is reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive income to Interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Based on the amount in Accumulated other comprehensive income at March 31, 2019, approximately $10 million withinwould be reclassified into net income in the next twelve months as interest expense.
It is management's intention that the notional amount of interest rate swaps be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives.
Foreign Exchange Contracts
The Company, from time-to-time, utilizes foreign currency forward contracts primarily to hedge fluctuations associated with certain monetary assets and liabilities subjectincluding receivables, payables and certain intercompany obligations. These foreign currency forward contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. As a result, changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded as a component of Other income (expense), net to compromise asoffset the change in the value of September 30, 2017.the hedged assets and liabilities. As of March 31, 2019, the Company maintained open foreign exchange contracts with a total notional value of $87

10.Derivative Warrant Liability
million, hedging the British Pound Sterling, Czech Koruna, Australian Dollar and Hungarian Forint. The Company did not maintain any foreign currency forward contracts during the period from December 16, 2017 through March 31, 2018 (Successor) or the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor).
Emergence Date Warrants
In accordance with the Plan of Reorganization, on the Emergence Date the Company issued Warrantswarrants to purchase 5,645,200 shares of SuccessorCompany common stock to the holders of the Predecessor second lien obligations pursuant to a warrant agreement (“Warrant Agreement”("Emergence Date Warrants"). Each Emergence Date Warrant has an exercise price of $25.55 per share and expires five years from the date of issuance. We account for derivative financial instruments in accordance with FASB ASC 815, "Derivatives and Hedging."December 15, 2022. The Emergence Date Warrants contain certain derivative features that require the Warrantsthem to be classified as a liability and for changes in the fair value of the liability to be recognized in earnings each reporting period. The SuccessorOn November 14, 2018, the Company's Board of Directors approved a warrant repurchase program, authorizing the Company had no other derivative instruments at Decemberto repurchase up to $15 million worth of the Emergence Date Warrants. None of the Emergence Date Warrants have been exercised or repurchased as of March 31, 2017.2019.
The fair value of the Emergence Date Warrants was determined using a probability weighted Black-Scholes option pricing model. This model requires certain input assumptions including risk-free interest rates, volatility, expected life and dividend rates. Selection of these inputs involves significant judgment.
The fair value of the Warrants, on the Emergence Date Warrants as of March 31, 2019 and at December 31, 2017,September 30, 2018 was determined by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the input assumptions summarized below. Accordingly, we recorded a loss of $5 million forbelow:
 March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
Expected volatility56.10% 50.14%
Risk-free interest rates2.20% 2.90%
Expected remaining life (in years)3.71
 4.21
Price per share of common stock$16.83 $22.14
In determining the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) related to the change in fair value of the warrant liability. Emergence Date Warrants, the dividend yield was assumed to be zero as the Company does not anticipate paying dividends.
The following table summarizes the fair value loss was recognized in Other (expense) income, net inof the Company's derivatives on a gross basis segregated between those that are designated as hedging instruments and those that are not designated as hedging instruments:
    March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
(In millions) Balance Sheet Caption Asset Liability Asset Liability
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:          
Interest rate contracts Other assets $
 $
 $3
 $
Interest rate contracts Other current liabilities 
 10
 
 7
Interest rate contracts Other liabilities 
 36
 
 
    
 46
 3
 7
           
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:          
Foreign exchange contracts Other current liabilities 
 1
 
 
Emergence Date Warrants Other liabilities 
 13
 
 34
    
 14
 
 34
Total derivative fair value   $
 $60
 $3
 $41

The following table provides information regarding the location and amount of pre-tax losses for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges:
  Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Six months ended
March 31, 2019
(In millions) Interest Expense Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Interest Expense Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Financial Statement Line Item in which Cash Flow Hedges are Recorded $(58) $8
 $(118) $(12)
         
Impact of cash flow hedging relationships:        
Loss recognized in AOCI - on interest rate swaps 
 (16) 
 (47)
Interest expense from AOCI reclassified (2) 2
 (5) 5
The following table provides information regarding the pre-tax gains (losses) for derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.Operations:
 December 31, 2017 December 15, 2017
Expected volatility52.38% 54.57%
Risk free interest rates2.20% 2.20%
Expected life (in years)4.96
 5.00
Price per share of common stock$17.55 $14.93
    
Fair value of warrant liability$22 million $17 million
    Successor  Predecessor
    Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
(In millions) Location of Derivative Pre-tax Gain (Loss)      
Emergence Date Warrants Other income (expense), net $3
 $(10) $21
 $(15)  $
Foreign exchange contracts Other income (expense), net 
 
 
 
  
The Company records its derivatives on a gross basis in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company has master netting agreements with several of its financial institution counterparties. The following table provides information on the Company's derivative positions as if those subject to master netting arrangements were presented on a net basis, allowing for the right to offset by counterparty per the master netting agreements:
  March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
(In millions) Asset Liability Asset Liability
Gross amounts recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet $
 $60
 $3
 $41
Gross amount subject to offset in master netting arrangements not offset in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet 
 
 (3) (3)
Net amounts $
 $60
 $
 $38
11.Fair Value Measures
10. Fair Value Measurements
Pursuant to the accounting guidance for fair value measurements, fair value is defined as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and it considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
Fair Value Hierarchy
The accounting guidance for fair value measurements also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The inputs are prioritized into three levels that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1: Inputs that reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that are observable.
Level 2: Inputs that reflect quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active; or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Level 3: Inputs that are unobservable to the extent that observable inputs are not available for the asset or liability at the measurement date.


AssetAssets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor)2019 and September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)2018 were as follows:
 Successor
 December 31, 2017
 Fair Value Measurements Using
(In millions)Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Other Non-Current Assets:       
Investments$1
 $1
 $
 $
Other Non-Current Liabilities:       
Warrants$22
 $
 $
 $22
Predecessor
September 30, 2017March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
Fair Value Measurements UsingFair Value Measurements Using Fair Value Measurements Using
(In millions)Total Level 1 Level 2 Level 3Total 

Level 1
 Level 2 Level 3 Total 
Level 1
 Level 2 Level 3
Other Non-Current Assets:       
Assets:               
Investments$1
 $1
 $
 $
$2
 $2
 $
 $
 $2
 $2
 $
 $
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 
 3
 
 3
 
Total assets$2
 $2
 $
 $
 $5
 $2
 $3
 $
               
Liabilities:               
Interest rate contracts$46
 $
 $46
 $
 $7
 $
 $7
 $
Foreign exchange contracts1
 
 1
 
 
 
 
 
Spoken acquisition Earn-outs5
 
 
 5
 15
 
 
 15
Emergence Date Warrants13
 
 
 13
 34
 
 
 34
Total liabilities$65
 $
 $47
 $18
 $56
 $
 $7
 $49
Investments
Investments classified as Level 1 assets are priced using quoted market prices for identical assets in active markets that are observable. Investments are recorded in Other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Interest rate and foreign exchange contracts
Interest rate and foreign exchange contracts classified as Level 2 assets and liabilities are not actively traded and are valued using pricing models that use observable inputs.
Spoken acquisition Earn-outs
The Spoken acquisition Earn-outs classified as Level 3 liabilities are measured using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow model. Significant unobservable inputs, which included probability of the achievement of the earn out targets and discount rate assumption, reflected the assumptions market participants would use in valuing these liabilities.
Emergence Date Warrants
Emergence Date Warrants classified as Level 3 liabilities are priced using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.
During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Successor), the six months ended March 31, 2019 (Successor), the period from December 16, 2017 through March 31, 2018 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), there were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2, or into and out of Level 3.
The changefollowing table summarizes the activity for the Company's Level 3 liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
(In millions)Emergence Date Warrants Spoken Acquisition Earn-outs Total
Balance as of September 30, 2018$34
 $15
 $49
Change in fair value(1)
(21) 1
 (20)
Settlement
 (11) (11)
Balance as of March 31, 2019$13
 $5
 $18
(1) Changes in fair value of the Emergence Date Warrants is recognizedare included in Other (expense) income net(expense), net. Changes in fair value of the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.Spoken acquisition Earn-outs are included in Selling, general and administrative expense.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The fair values of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, to the extent the underlying liability will be settled in cash, approximate their carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments.

As of March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the estimated fair value of the Convertible Notes was determined based on the quoted price of the Convertible Notes in an inactive market on the last trading day of the reporting period and has been classified as Level 2.
The estimated fair values of amounts borrowed under the Company’sCompany's other financing arrangements at DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor)2019 and September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)2018 were estimated based on a Level 2 input based on a market approach utilizing market-clearing data on the valuation date in addition to bid/ask prices.
The estimated fair values of the amounts borrowed under the Company’s financing agreements at DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor)2019 and September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)2018 are as follows:
 Successor  Predecessor
 December 31, 2017  September 30, 2017
(In millions)
Principal
Amount
 
Fair
Value
  
Principal
Amount
 
Fair
Value
Term Loan Credit Agreement due December 15, 2024$2,925
 $2,896
  $
 $
DIP Credit Agreement due January 19, 2018
 
  725
 732
Variable rate Term B-3 Loans due October 26, 2017
 
  594
 503
Variable rate Term B-4 Loans due October 26, 2017
 
  1
 1
Variable rate Term B-6 Loans due March 31, 2018
 
  519
 440
Variable rate Term B-7 Loans due May 29, 2020
 
  2,012
 1,709
7% senior secured notes due April 1, 2019
 
  982
 832
9% senior secured notes due April 1, 2019
 
  284
 241
10.50% senior secured notes due March 1, 2021
 
  1,440
 67
Total$2,925
 $2,896
  $6,557
 $4,525
The Company adjusted the carrying value of debt to fair value upon application of fresh start accounting.
 March 31, 2019 September 30, 2018
(In millions)Principal amount Fair value Principal amount Fair value
Term Loan Credit Agreement due December 15, 2024$2,888
 $2,881
 $2,903
 $2,932
Convertible 2.25% senior notes due June 15, 2023350
 324
 350
 357
Total debt$3,238
 $3,205
 $3,253
 $3,289
12.
11. Income Taxes


ForThe Company's effective income tax rate for the Predecessor periodthree and six months ended December 15, 2017, the difference between the Company’s recorded provision and the provision that would resultMarch 31, 2019 differed from applying the U.S. statutoryfederal tax rate of 35% is primarily attributabledue to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits would not be realized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local income taxes, and (6) the impact of reorganizationthe Tax Cuts and fresh start adjustments.Jobs Act ("the Act") relating to Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI") and Foreign-Derived Intangible Income ("FDII"), (7) a limitation on the deductibility of interest expense under IRC Section 163(j), and (8) foreign tax credits.
ForThe Company's effective income tax rate for the Successor periodthree months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2018 differed from the difference between the Company’s recorded benefit and the benefit that would result from applying the new U.S. statutoryfederal tax rate of 24.5%, is primarily attributabledue to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits would not be realized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local income taxes, and (6) the impact of the Tax CutsAct relating to GILTI and Jobs Act (“FDII, and (7) foreign tax credits.
The Company's effective income tax rate for the Act”), as more fully described below.
For the three months endedperiod from December 16, 2017 through March 31, 2016, the difference between the Company’s recorded provision and the benefit that would result2018 (Successor) differed from applying the U.S. statutoryfederal tax rate of 35% is primarily attributabledue to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) changes in the valuation allowance established against the Company’s deferred tax assets, and (3) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions.
Under the Plan of Reorganization a substantial amount of the Company’s debtlosses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was extinguished. Absent an exception, a debtor recognizes cancellation of indebtedness income (“CODI”) upon discharge of its outstanding indebtedness for an amount of consideration that is less than its adjusted issue price. The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, provides that a debtor in a bankruptcy case may exclude CODI from taxable income but must reduce certain of its tax attributes by the amount of any CODI recognized as a result of the consummation of a plan of reorganization. The amount of CODI recognized by a taxpayer is the adjusted issue price of any indebtedness discharged less the sum of (i) the amount of cash paid, (ii) the issue price of any new indebtedness issued and (iii) the fair market value of any other consideration, including equity, issued. The reduction in tax attributes does not occur until the first day of the Company’s first tax year subsequent to the date of emergence, which is October 1, 2018. The Company estimates that the U.S. federal net operating loss (“NOL”) and tax credits disclosed in its September 30, 2017 Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the tax loss generated during the September 30, 2018 tax year will be entirely eliminated on October 1, 2018. The Company estimates that $196 million of the tax loss generated during the Predecessor period ended December 15, 2017 will be absorbed by taxable income generated during the Successor period ending September 30, 2018. These estimates are subject to revision and any changes in the estimates will affect income or loss from continuing operations in the Successor period ending September 30, 2018.
Prior to September 30, 2017, a full valuation allowance was established in any jurisdiction that had a net deferred tax asset. A portion of the U.S. valuation allowance in the amount of $787 million was reversed as part of the reorganization adjustments as it was previously established against (i) the NOL and tax credits which will be eliminated as a result of the CODI rules and (ii) other deferred tax assets that were previously established for liabilities that were discharged in the Plan of Reorganization and eliminated as part of the reorganization adjustments. The valuation allowance in the amount of $47 million was reversed in certain non U.S. jurisdictions as part of the reorganization adjustments as management concludedrecorded because it is more likely than not that the related deferred tax assets willbenefits would not be realized. The remainingrealized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. valuation allowancestate and local income taxes, (6) an increase in the amount of $461 million was reversedestimated current year tax loss, which is eliminated as part of the fresh start adjustmentsattribute reduction related to the cancellation of indebtedness income ("CODI"), and (7) the impact of the Act.
The Company's effective income tax rate for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) differed from the U.S. federal tax rate primarily due to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because management concluded it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets willbenefits would not be realized, primarily(3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local taxes, and (6) the impact of reorganization and fresh start adjustments.
The Company's U.S. federal net operating loss ("NOL") and tax credits have been eliminated due to future sourcesthe recognition of taxable income that will be generatedCODI in fiscal 2018.
During fiscal 2018, the Company centralized the management and ownership of certain intellectual property in a U.S. limited partnership, some of which was previously managed and owned by a Bermuda tax resident corporation. This action resulted in the utilization and recognition of previously unrecognized NOLs, the reversal of deferred tax liabilities established as part of fresh start accounting and the recognition of a deferred tax asset, cumulatively in the fresh start adjustments.amount of $366 million.
On December 22, 2017, the Act was signed into law. The Act lowered the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. Corporations with a fiscal year-end that is not a calendar year but includes January 1, 2018 are subject to a blended tax rate based on the number of days in the fiscal year before and after January 1, 2018. The Company has a September 30th30th tax year-end and therefore many of the U.S. federal tax rate forlaw changes became effective in the year ending September 30,first quarter of fiscal 2019. The Company has made a policy decision to treat GILTI income as a period cost. The Company benefits from the deduction attributable to FDII and has taxable income attributable to GILTI, both of which impact the effective tax rate. During the three months ended December 31, 2018, is 24.5%.
The SEC issuedAvaya completed its analysis of the impact of the Act as required by Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”)issued by the SEC on December 22, 2017 which provided guidance to registrants on the accounting for tax related impacts under the Act.  The guidance provides a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date for companies to complete the tax accounting implications of the Act.  As of the first quarter, the Company has provided a provisional estimate related to the revaluation of its deferred taxes and the deemed repatriation of unremitted foreign earnings. We will continue to refine our estimate, which could result in a material adjustment, given additional guidance under the Act, interpretations, available information and assumptions made by the Company.  As a fiscal year-end tax filer, we are subject to various provisions under the Act for fiscal year 2018, including the change to the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the mandatory deemed repatriation of unremitted foreign earnings. Beginning in our 2019 fiscal year, various other newly enacted provisions will become effective, including provisions that may result in the current U.S. taxation of certain income earned by the Company’s foreign subsidiaries. The FASB has published guidance (Topic 740, No. 5), regarding how to account for the Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) provisions included in the Act. The guidance states th2017.


12. Benefit Obligations
at a company may make a policy decision with respect to the accounting for taxes related to GILTI and whether deferred taxes should be established. The Company estimates that it will generate income that may be taxed as GILTI beginning in fiscal 2019. On a provisional basis, no deferred taxes have been established for GILTI as of December 31, 2018.
The Company does not expect to incur a cash tax liability with respect to the one-time tax on foreign earnings due to historical foreign deficits. The Company previously established a deferred tax liability for non-U.S. withholding taxes to be incurred upon the remittance of foreign earnings. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the Predecessor and Successor periods include an adjustment for such withholding taxes attributable to current period earnings. In prior periods, the Company established a U.S. deferred income tax liability for certain foreign earnings under the assumption that such earnings would be remitted to the U.S. This deferred tax liability has been adjusted in the Successor period based on the taxation of such earnings under the Act.
A net deferred tax liability was established at the U.S. federal tax rates in effect on December 15, 2017 as part of fresh start accounting for U.S. book-to-tax differences. These deferred taxes are primarily related to differences arising from recording intangible and other assets at fair market value. As of the December 22, 2017 enactment date of the Act, deferred taxes were adjusted to reflect the new tax rates in effect as of the date the deferred tax amounts are expected to be realized.
The provisional amount of the reduction to the net deferred tax liability as a result of the ACT is $245 million and has been recorded as an income tax benefit from continuing operations in the Successor period.
13.Benefit Obligations
The Company sponsors non-contributory defined benefit pension plans covering a portion of its U.S. employees and retirees, and post-retirement benefit plans covering a portion of its U.S. employees and retirees that include healthcare benefits and life insurance coverage. Certain non-U.S. operations have various retirement benefit programs covering substantially all of their employees. Some of these programs are considered to be defined benefit pension plans for accounting purposes.
Effective January 25, 2018, the Company and the Communications Workers of America (“CWA”) and the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (“IBEW”), agreed to extend the 2009 Collective Bargaining Agreement (“CBA”), previously extended through June 14, 2018, until September 21, 2019. The contract extensions did not affect the Company’s obligation for pension and post-retirement benefits available to U.S. employees of the Company who are represented by the CWA or IBEW (“represented employees”).
In September 2015, the Company amended the post-retirement medical plan for represented retirees effective January 1, 2017, to replace medical coverage through the Company’s group plan for represented retirees who are retired as of October 15, 2015 and their eligible dependents, with medical coverage through the private and public insurance marketplace. The change allows the existing retirees to choose insurance from the marketplace and receive financial support from the Company toward the cost of coverage through a Health Reimbursement Arrangement ("HRA").
The components of the pension and post-retirement net periodic benefit (credit) cost (credit) for the periods indicated are provided in the tablestable below:
Successor  Predecessor Successor  
Predecessor(1)
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
Pension Benefits - U.S.                 
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost      
Components of net periodic benefit (credit) cost           
Service cost$
  $1
 $1
 $1
 $1
 $2
 $1
  $1
Interest cost1
  22
 24
 9
 9
 19
 10
  22
Expected return on plan assets(2)  (38) (45) (15) (16) (30) (18)  (38)
Amortization of previously unrecognized net actuarial loss
  20
 26
Settlement loss(1)

  
 
Amortization of actuarial loss 
 
 
 
  20
Net periodic benefit (credit) cost $(5) $(6) $(9) $(7)  $5
          
Pension Benefits - Non-U.S.           
Components of net periodic benefit cost           
Service cost $1
 $2
 $3
 $2
  $2
Interest cost 3
 2
 5
 2
  3
Expected return on plan assets 
 
 
 
  (1)
Amortization of actuarial loss 
 
 
 
  2
Net periodic benefit cost$(1)  $5
 $6
 $4
 $4
 $8
 $4
  $6
          
Post-retirement Benefits - U.S.           
Components of net periodic benefit cost           
Service cost $1
 $
 $1
 $
  $
Interest cost 4
 3
 7
 3
  3
Expected return on plan assets (3) (2) (5) (2)  (2)
Amortization of prior service cost 
 
 
 
  (3)
Amortization of actuarial loss 
 
 
 
  2
Net periodic benefit cost $2
 $1
 $3
 $1
  $
(1)(1) Excludes Plan of Reorganization related settlements discussed below that were recorded in Reorganization items, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.


 Successor  Predecessor
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
Pension Benefits - Non-U.S.      
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost      
Service cost$
  $2
 $2
Interest cost
  3
 2
Amortization of previously unrecognized net actuarial loss
  1
 3
Net periodic benefit cost$
  $6
 $7
 Successor  Predecessor
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
Post-retirement Benefits - U.S.      
Components of Net Periodic Benefit Cost      
Interest cost$
  $3
 $3
Expected return on plan assets
  (2) (2)
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost
  (3) (4)
Amortization of previously unrecognized net actuarial loss
  2
 3
Curtailment
  
 (4)
Net periodic benefit cost$
  $
 $(4)
On December 15, 2017, the APPSE, a qualified pension plan, was settled with the PBGC. At that time, the Company and the PBGC executed a termination and trusteeship agreementThe service components of net periodic benefit (credit) cost were recorded similar to terminate the APPSE and to appoint the PBGC as the statutory trustee of the plan. The Company also paid settlement consideration to the PBGC consisting of $340 million in cash and 6.1 million shares of Successor Company common stock (fair value of $90 million). With this payment, any accrued but unpaid minimum funding contributions duecompensation expense, while all other components were deemed to have been paid in full. As a result of the plan termination on December 15, 2017, the Company's projected benefit obligation and pension trust assets were reduced by $2,192 million and $1,573 million, respectively. Including the settlement consideration and $703 million of Accumulated other comprehensive loss recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, a settlement loss of $514 million was recorded in Reorganization items, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.
On December 15, 2017, the unfunded ASPP, a non-qualified excess benefit pension plan, was also terminated and settled. Benefit liabilities for ASPP participants were included as allowed claims in the general unsecured recovery pool. Settlement consideration of $17 million in the form of allowed claims payable to ASPP participants was estimated based upon claims data as of the Emergence Date as amounts due to individual general unsecured creditors had not been finalized and paid. As a result of the termination, the Company's projected benefit obligation was reduced by $88 million. Including the settlement consideration and $18 million of Accumulated other comprehensive loss recorded in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, a settlement gain of $53 million was recorded in Reorganization items, net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.Other income (expense), net.
The Company's general funding policy with respect to its U.S. qualified pension plans is to contribute amounts at least sufficient to satisfy the minimum amount required by applicable lawslaw and regulations, or to directly pay benefits where appropriate. As a result of the Bankruptcy Filing in January 2017, there was an automatic stay on the Company's contributionsContributions to the U.S. pension plans during fiscal 2017. Therefore, the minimum funding requirements for the U.S. pension plans were not met during fiscal 2017.
The Plan of Reorganization included contributions to or settlements of all U.S. pension plans, which are the Avaya Pension Plan for Represented Employees ("APP"), the APPSE and the ASPP. On December 15, 2017, the Company paid the aggregate unpaid required minimum funding$18 million for the APP, a qualified plan, of $49 million.
Remeasurement as a result of fresh start accounting increasedsix months ended March 31, 2019, which represented the APP and other post-retirement benefit plan obligations by $3 million on December 15, 2017.


The Company made no contributionsamounts required to satisfy the minimum statutory funding requirements for itsin the U.S. funded defined benefit pension plans forFor the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and forremainder of fiscal 2019, the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), exclusive of the payments discussed above as part of the Plan of Reorganization for the APP and settlement consideration to the PBGC for the APPSE. Estimated paymentsCompany estimates that it will make contributions totaling $9 million to satisfy the minimum statutory funding requirements in the U.S.
Contributions to the non-U.S. pension plans were $16 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019. For the remainder of fiscal 2018 are $43 million.
The Company provided pension benefits for U.S. employees, which were not pre-funded. Consequently,2019, the Company made payments as the benefits were disbursed or claims were paid. For the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), the Company made payments for the U.S. pension benefits in each of the periods of amountsestimates that it will make contributions totaling less than $1 million.
The Company provides for certain pension benefits for non-U.S. employees, the majority of which are not pre-funded. The Company made payments for these non-U.S. pension benefits for the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) totaling $1 million and $3 million, respectively. Estimated payments for these non-U.S. pension benefits for the remainder of fiscal 2018 are $24 million.
During the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor), the Company was reimbursed $3 million from the represented employees’ post-retirement health trust for claims paid that exceeded the Company's obligations. During the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), the Company contributed $2 million to the represented employees’ post-retirement health trust to fund current benefit claims and costs of administration in compliance with the terms of the CBA, as extended through September 21, 2019. Estimated payments under the terms of the 2009 agreement as extended are $12$9 million for the remainder of fiscal 2018.its non-U.S. plans.
The Company also provides certain retireeMost post-retirement medical benefits for U.S. employees through an HRA, which are not pre-funded. Consequently, the Company makes payments directly to the claims administrator as these benefitsretiree medical benefit claims are disbursed. ForThese payments are funded by the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor)Company up to the maximum contribution amounts specified in the plan documents and contract with the Communications Workers of America and the periodInternational Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, and contributions from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor),the participants, if required. During the six months

ended March 31, 2019, the Company made payments in each of the periods totaling less than $1 million for these retiree medical benefits. Estimatedand dental benefits of $7 million and received a $3 million reimbursement from the represented employees' post-retirement health trust related to payments in prior periods. The Company estimates it will make contributions for these retiree medical and dental benefits totaling $7 million for the remainder of fiscal 2018 are less than $1 million.2019.
14.13. Share-based Compensation
Successor
The Predecessor Company's common and preferred stock were cancelled and new common stock was issued on the Emergence Date. Accordingly, the Predecessor Company's then existingCompany has a share-based compensation awards were also cancelled,plan under which resulted in the recognition of any previously unamortized expense on the date of cancellation. Share-based compensation for the Successor and Predecessor periods are not comparable.


Successor
Pursuant to terms of the Plan of Reorganization, the Avaya Holdings Corp. 2017 Equity Incentive Plan ("2017 Equity Incentive Plan") became effective on the Emergence Date.
The Successor Company's Board of Directors or any committee duly authorized thereby, will administer the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan. The administrator has broad authority to, among other things: (i) select participants; (ii) determine the types of awards that participants are to receive and the number of shares that are to be granted under such awards; and (iii) establish the terms and conditions of awards, including the price to be paid for the shares or the award.
Persons eligible to receive awards under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan include non-employee directors, employees of the Successor Company or any of its affiliates, and certain consultants and advisors to the Successor Company or any of its affiliates. The types of awards that may be granted under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan include stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), performance awards ("PRSUs") and other forms of awards granted or denominated in shares of Successorthe Company's common stock, as well as certain cash-based awards. Stock options and RSUs granted to employees generally vest ratably over a period of three years. PRSUs granted to certain senior executive employees vest at the end of the service period of three years. Awards granted to non-employee directors during fiscal 2019 vest immediately, while those granted during fiscal 2018 vested ratably over one year. As of the Emergence Date, forfeitures are accounted for as incurred.
The maximum number of shares of common stock that may be issued or granted under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan is 7.4Pre-tax share-based compensation expense for three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $5 million shares. If any option or other stock-based award granted under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan expires, terminates or is cancelled for any reason without having been exercised in full, the number of shares of common stock underlying any unexercised award will again be availableand $5 million, respectively. Pre-tax share-based compensation expense for the purpose of awards undersix months ended March 31, 2019 and the period from December 16, 2017 Equity Incentive Plan. If any shares of restricted stock, performance awards or other stock-based awards denominated in shares of common stock awarded underthrough March 31, 2018 was $11 million and $6 million, respectively.
During the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan to a participant are forfeited for any reason, the number of forfeited shares of restricted stock, performance awards or other stock-based awards denominated in shares of common stock will again be available for purposes of awards under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan. Any award under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan settled in cash will not be counted against the foregoing maximum share limitations. Shares withheld bysix months ended March 31, 2019, the Company in satisfaction of the applicable exercise price or withholding taxes upon the issuance, vesting or settlement of awards, in each case, shall not be available for future issuance under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan.
The aggregategranted 1,464,125 RSUs with a weighted average grant date fair value of all awards granted to any non-employee director during any calendar year (excluding awards made pursuant to deferred compensation arrangements made in lieu$15.21 per RSU. During the six months ended March 31, 2019, there were 899,097 RSUs that vested with a weighted average grant date fair value of all or a portion of cash retainers and any dividends payable in respect of outstanding awards) may not exceed $750,000.$15.47.
On the Emergence Date,In February 2019, the Company granted 3.4 million restricted stock units and 1.2 million stock options274,223 PRSUs with a grant date fair value of $11.18 per PRSU. These PRSUs will become eligible to executives and other employees.vest if prior to the vesting date of February 11, 2022, the average closing price of one share of the Company’s Common Stock for sixty consecutive days equals or exceeds $23.50. The awards are subject to time based vesting. There are 2.8 million shares remaining under the 2017 Equity Incentive Plan available to be granted.
Thegrant date fair value of the premium-priced stock options granted on the Emergence Dateaward was determinedestimated using a lattice option pricingMonte Carlo simulation model withthat incorporated multiple valuation assumptions, including the following assumptions:
Exercise price $19.46
Expected term (in years)(1)
 8.54
Volatility(2)
 65.37%
Risk-free rate(3)
 2.35%
Dividend yield(4)
 %
(1) Expected termprobability of achieving the specified market condition. Additional assumptions used in the valuation included an expected volatility of 53.76% based on the vesting termsa blend of the optionCompany and a contractual life of ten years.
(2) Volatility based on peer group companiescompany historical data adjusted for the Company's leverage.
(3) Risk-freeCompany’s leverage, and a risk-free interest rate of 2.45% based on U.S. Treasury yields with a term equal to the vesting period. The grant date fair value of these PRSUs will be recognized as expense ratably over the vesting period and will not be adjusted in future periods for the success or failure to achieve the specified market condition.
In February 2019, the Company also granted 182,020 PRSUs which will vest based on the attainment of specified performance metrics for each of the next three separate fiscal years (collectively the "Performance Period"), and the Company's total shareholder return over the Performance Period as compared to the total shareholder return for a specified index of companies over the same period. The grant date fair value of the awards was estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model that incorporated multiple valuation assumptions, including the probability of achieving the total shareholder return market condition. Other key assumptions used in the valuation included an expected option term.
(4) Dividend yield was assumedvolatility of 53.00% based on a blend of Company and peer group company historical data adjusted for the Company’s leverage, and a risk free interest rate of 2.46% based on U.S. Treasury yields with a term equal to the remaining Performance Period as of the grant date. During the Performance Period, the Company will adjust compensation expense for the awards based on its best estimate of attainment of the specified annual performance metrics. The cumulative effect on current and prior periods of a change in the estimated number of PRSUs that are expected to be zeroearned during the Performance Period will be recognized as the Company does not anticipate paying dividends.
At December 31, 2017, all share-based awards granted by the Successor Company were unvested and the related share-based compensation expense recorded foran adjustment to earnings in the period from December 16, 2017 through Decemberof the revision. Based on the Company's most recent forecast as of March 31, 2017 (Successor)2019, the aggregate grant date fair value of the awards was $1$3 million.
Predecessor
Prior to the Emergence Date, the Predecessor Company had granted share-based awards that were cancelledcanceled upon emergence from bankruptcy. In conjunction with the cancellation, the Predecessor Company accelerated the unrecognized share-based compensation expense and recorded $3 million of compensation expense in the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017.2017, principally reflected in Reorganization costs, net.


15.14. Capital Stock
SuccessorPreferred Stock
Preferred Stock. The Successor Company's certificate of incorporation authorizes it to issue up to 55.0 million55,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.01 per share. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019 and September 30, 2018, there were no preferred shares issued or outstanding.

Common Stock. Stock
The Successor Company's certificate of incorporation authorizes it to issue up to 550.0 million550,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.01 per share. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019, there were 110.0 million110,730,362 shares issued and 109.8 million outstanding. The110,717,682 shares outstanding shares were issued to (1) holders of Predecessor first lien obligations (99.3 million shares); (2) holders of Predecessor second lien obligations (4.4 million shares); and (3) PBGC (6.1 million shares). Issued but not outstanding are the shares held on behalf of the general unsecured creditor reserve or the holders of Predecessor first lien debt obligations (0.2 million shares).
Predecessor
In connection with the Company'sremaining 12,680 shares distributable in accordance with the Plan of ReorganizationReorganization. As of September 30, 2018, there were 110,218,653 shares issued and emergence from bankruptcy, all equity interests110,012,790 shares outstanding with the remaining 205,863 shares distributable in the Predecessor Company were cancelled, including preferred and common stock, warrants and equity-based awards.
16. Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share
All outstanding shares of common stock and common stock equivalents of the Predecessor Company were cancelled pursuant toaccordance with the Plan of Reorganization.
Upon emergence,On November 14, 2018, the SuccessorCompany's Board of Directors approved a warrant repurchase program, authorizing the Company authorizedto repurchase Emergence Date Warrants for an aggregate expenditure of up to $15 million. The repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market, through block trades or in privately negotiated transactions. The Company may adopt one or more purchase plans pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, in order to implement the warrant repurchase program. The warrant repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any warrants and issued 110.0 million sharesmay be terminated, increased or decreased by the Board of common stockDirectors in its discretion at any time. As of which 109.8 million sharesMarch 31, 2019, there were outstanding at December 31, 2017 and used asno warrant repurchases under the basis for determining earnings per share.program.
15. (Loss) Earnings Per Common Share
Basic (loss) earnings per share areis calculated by dividing net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflectreflects the potential dilution that would occur if equity awards granted under the Company's various share-based compensation plans were vested or exercised; if the Company's Convertible Notes or the warrants the Company sold to purchase up to 12.6 million shares of its common stock in connection with the issuance of the Convertible Notes ("Call Spread Warrants") were exercised; and/or if the Emergence Date Warrants were exercised, resulting in the issuance of common shares that would participate in the earnings of the Company.


The following table sets forth the calculation of net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders and the computation of basic and diluted (loss) earnings (loss) per share for the periods indicated:
 Successor  Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
(In millions, except per share amounts) Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
Net income (loss) per share:       
(Loss) earnings per share:           
Numerator                  
Net income (loss) $237
  $2,977
 $(103)
Dividends to preferred stockholders 
  (6) (8)
Undistributed earnings 237
  2,971
 (111)
Net (loss) income $(13) $(130) $(4) $107
  $2,977
Dividends and accretion to preferred stockholders 
 
 
 
  (6)
Undistributed (loss) income (13) (130) (4) 107
  2,971
Percentage allocated to common stockholders(1)
 100.0%  86.9% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%  86.9%
Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per common share $237
  $2,582
 $(111)
Numerator for basic and diluted (loss) earnings per common share $(13) $(130) $(4) $107
  $2,582
                  
Denominator                  
Denominator for basic earnings per weighted average common shares 109.8
  497.3
 497.0
Denominator for basic (loss) earnings per weighted average common shares 110.8
 109.8
 110.5
 109.8
  497.3
Effect of dilutive securities                  
Restricted stock units 0.5
  
 
 
 
 
 1.0
  
Stock options 
  
 
Warrants 
  
 
Denominator for diluted earnings per weighted average common shares 110.3
  497.3
 497.0
Denominator for diluted (loss) earnings per weighted average common shares 110.8
 109.8
 110.5
 110.8
  497.3
                  
Per common share net income (loss)       
(Loss) earnings per common share           
Basic $2.16
  $5.19
 $(0.22) $(0.12) $(1.18) $(0.04) $0.97
  $5.19
Diluted $2.15
  $5.19
 $(0.22) $(0.12) $(1.18) $(0.04) $0.96
  $5.19
                  
(1) Basic weighted average common stock outstanding
 109.8
  497.3
 497.0
 110.8
 109.8
 110.5
 109.8
  497.3
Basic weighted average common stock and common stock equivalents (preferred shares) 109.8
  572.4
 497.0
 110.8
 109.8
 110.5
 109.8
  572.4
Percentage allocated to common stockholders 100.0%  86.9% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%  86.9%
There wereFor the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company excluded 1.0 million stock options, 3.5 million RSUs, 0.5 million dilutive securitiesPRSUs and 5.6 million Emergence Date Warrants from the diluted loss per share calculation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. The Company’s Convertible Notes and Call Spread Warrants were also excluded for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019 as discussed in more detail below. For the three months ended March 31, 2018, the Company excluded 1.1 million stock options, 3.5 million restricted stock units and 5.6 million Emergence Date Warrants from the diluted loss per share calculation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor).
17.Operating Segments
On July 14, 2017,2018, the Company sold its Networking business to Extreme. Prior toexcluded 1.1 million stock options, 0.1 million restricted stock units and 5.6 million Emergence Date Warrants from the sale,diluted earnings per share calculation as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.
For purposes of considering the Company had three separate operating segments. After the sale,Convertible Notes in determining diluted (loss) earnings per share, the Company has two operating segments, GCS representingthe ability and current intent to settle conversions of the Convertible Notes through combination settlement by repaying the principal portion in cash and any excess of the conversion value over the principal amount (the "Conversion Premium") in shares of the Company's products portfoliocommon stock. Therefore, only the impact of the Conversion Premium will be included in diluted weighted average shares outstanding using the treasury stock method. Since the Convertible Notes were out of the money and AGS representinganti-dilutive as of March 31, 2019, they were excluded from the Company's services portfolio. Both GCSdiluted loss per share calculation for the three and Networking made upsix months ended March 31, 2019. The Call Spread Warrants will not be considered in calculating diluted weighted average shares outstanding until the price per share of the Company’s Enterprise Collaboration Solutions ("ECS") products portfolio.common stock exceeds the strike price of $37.3625 per share. When the price per share of the Company’s common stock exceeds the strike price per share of the Call Spread Warrants, the effect of the additional shares that may be issued upon exercise of the Call Spread Warrants will be included in diluted weighted average shares outstanding using the treasury stock method.

16. Operating Segments
The GCSProducts & Solutions segment primarily develops, markets, and sells unified communications and contact center solutions, offered on premises, in the cloud, or as a hybrid solution. These integrate multiple forms of communications, including telephony, e-mail,email, instant messaging and video. The AGSServices segment develops, markets and sells comprehensive end-to-end global service offerings that enable customers to evaluate, plan, design, implement, monitor, manage and optimize even complex enterprise communications networks. The Networking segment portfolio of software and hardware products offered integrated networking products.
The Company’s chief operating decision maker makes financial decisions and allocates resources based on segment profit information obtained from the Company’s internal management systems. Management does not include in its segment measures of profitability selling, general, and administrative expenses, research and development expenses, amortization of intangible assets, and certain discrete items, such as fair value adjustments recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy, charges relating to restructuring actions, impairment charges, and merger-related costs as these costs are not core to the measurement of segment performance, but rather are controlled at the corporate level.
Summarized financial information relating to the Company’sCompany's operating segments is shown in the following table for the periods indicated:
  
Successor  Predecessor
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
REVENUE      
Global Communications Solutions$71
  $253
 $343
Avaya Networking (1)

  
 58
Enterprise Collaboration Solutions71
  253
 401
Avaya Global Services77
  351
 474
 $148
  $604
 $875
GROSS PROFIT      
Global Communications Solutions$41
  $169
 $231
Avaya Networking (1)

  
 25
Enterprise Collaboration Solutions41
  169
 256
Avaya Global Services50
  196
 284
Unallocated Amounts (2)
(13)  (3) (5)
 78
  362
 535
OPERATING EXPENSES      
Selling, general and administrative50
  264
 336
Research and development9
  38
 62
Amortization of intangible assets7
  10
 57
Restructuring charges, net10
  14
 10
 76
  326
 465
OPERATING INCOME2
  36
 70
INTEREST EXPENSE, OTHER (EXPENSE) INCOME, NET AND REORGANIZATION ITEMS, NET(11)  3,400
 (170)
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES$(9)  $3,436
 $(100)
(1) The Networking business was sold on July 14, 2017.
(2) Unallocated Amounts in Gross Profit include the effect of the amortization of technology intangibles and costs that are not core to the measurement of segment management’s performance, but rather are controlled at the corporate level.
  Successor  Predecessor
(In millions) Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
REVENUE           
Products & Solutions $289
 $317
 $615
 $394
  $253
Services 425
 440
 847
 534
  351
Unallocated Amounts (1)
 (5) (85) (15) (108)  
  $709
 $672
 $1,447
 $820
  $604
GROSS PROFIT           
Products & Solutions $184
 $214
 $398
 $263
  $169
Services 255
 255
 510
 325
  196
Unallocated Amounts (2)
 (53) (146) (115) (187)  (3)
  386
 323
 793
 401
  362
OPERATING EXPENSES           
Selling, general and administrative 251
 282
 508
 332
  264
Research and development 52
 50
 105
 59
  38
Amortization of intangible assets 41
 40
 81
 47
  10
Restructuring charges, net 4
 40
 11
 50
  14
  348
 412
 705
 488
  326
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) 38
 (89) 88
 (87)  36
INTEREST EXPENSE, OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET AND REORGANIZATION ITEMS, NET (57) (50) (95) (61)  3,400
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES $(19) $(139) $(7) $(148)  $3,436
18.
(1)
Unallocated amounts in Revenue represent the fair value adjustment to deferred revenue recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy and excluded from segment revenue.
(2)
Unallocated amounts in Gross Profit include the fair value adjustments recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy and excluded from segment gross profit; the effect of the amortization of technology intangibles; and costs that are not core to the measurement of segment management’s performance, but rather are controlled at the corporate level.

17.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss(Loss) Income
The components of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (loss) for the periods indicated are summarizedwere as follows:
(In millions)Change in unamortized pension, post-retirement and postemployment benefit-related items Foreign Currency Translation Other Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Beginning balance September 30, 2016 (Predecessor)$(1,627) $(33) $(1) $(1,661)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
 19
 
 19
Amounts reclassified to earnings20
 
 
 20
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes(6) 4
 
 (2)
Ending balance December 31, 2016 (Predecessor)$(1,613) $(10) $(1) $(1,624)
(In millions)Change in Unamortized Pension, Post-retirement and Postemployment Benefit-related Items Foreign Currency Translation Unrealized Loss on Term Loan Interest Rate Swap Other Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Balance as of December 31, 2018 (Successor)$51
 $(30) $(23) $
 $(2)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
 18
 (16) 
 2
Amounts reclassified to earnings
 
 2
 
 2
Benefit from income taxes
 
 4
 
 4
Balance as of March 31, 2019 (Successor)$51
 $(12) $(33) $
 $6

(In millions)Change in Unamortized Pension, Post-retirement and Postemployment Benefit-related Items Foreign Currency Translation Unrealized Loss on Term Loan Interest Rate Swap Other Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Balance as of September 30, 2018 (Successor)$51
 $(31) $(2) $
 $18
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 19
 (47) 
 (28)
Amounts reclassified to earnings
 
 5
 
 5
Benefit from income taxes
 
 11
 
 11
Balance as of March 31, 2019 (Successor)$51
 $(12) $(33) $
 $6
(In millions)Change in Unamortized Pension, Post-retirement and Postemployment Benefit-related Items Foreign Currency Translation Unrealized Loss on Term Loan Interest Rate Swap Other Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance as of December 31, 2017 (Successor)$
 $(13) $
 $
 $(13)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
 (12) 
 
 (12)
Balance as of March 31, 2018 (Successor)$
 $(25) $
 $
 $(25)

(In millions)Change in unamortized pension, post-retirement and postemployment benefit-related items Foreign Currency Translation Other Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Change in Unamortized Pension, Post-retirement and Postemployment Benefit-related Items Foreign Currency Translation Unrealized Loss on Term Loan Interest Rate Swap Other Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Beginning balance October 1, 2017 (Predecessor)$(1,375) $(72) $(1) $(1,448)
Balance as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)$(1,375) $(72) $
 $(1) $(1,448)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications(24) 3
 
 (21)(24) 3
 
 
 (21)
Amounts reclassified to earnings16
 
 
 16
16
 
 
 
 16
Pension settlement721
 
 
 721
721
 
 
 
 721
Provision for income taxes(58) 
 
 (58)(58) 
 
 
 (58)
Ending balance December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)(720) (69) (1) (790)
Elimination of Predecessor Company accumulated other comprehensive loss720
 69
 1
 790
Ending balance December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)$
 $
 $
 $
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)(720) (69) 
 (1) (790)
Elimination of Predecessor Company Accumulated other comprehensive loss720
 69
 
 1
 790
Balance as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)$
 $
 $
 $
 $
                
                
Beginning balance December 15, 2017 (Successor)$
 $
 $
 $
Balance as of December 16, 2017 (Successor)$
 $
 $
 $
 $
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
 (13) 
 (13)
 (25) 
 
 (25)
Ending balance December 31, 2017 (Successor)$
 $(13) $
 $(13)
Balance as of March 31, 2018 (Successor)$
 $(25) $
 $
 $(25)
The amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive lossincome (loss) for the unamortized pension, post-retirement and postemployment benefit-related items are reclassified torecorded in Other income (expense) income,, net in the Condensed Consolidated StatementsStatement of Operations prior toOperations. The amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the impactinterest rate swaps are recorded in Interest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of income taxes.Operations.
19.18. Related Party Transactions
Pursuant to the Plan of Reorganization confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, the SuccessorThe Company's Board of Directors is comprised of seven directors, including the Successor Company's Chief Executive Officer James M. Chirico, Jr., and six non-employee directors, William D. Watkins, Ronald A. Rittenmeyer, Stephan Scholl, Susan L. Spradley, Stanley J. Sutula, III and Scott D. Vogel.directors. On March 18, 2019, Jacqueline E. Yeaney joined the Company's Board of Directors, filling the previous vacancy on the Company's Board of Directors.
Specific Arrangements Involving the Successor Company’s Current Directors and Executive Officers
Laurent PhilonenkoWilliam D. Watkins is a Senior Vice PresidentDirector and Chair of the Board of Directors of Avaya Holdings and becameserves on the board of directors of Flex Ltd., an Advisor to Koopid, Inc.electronics design manufacturer. For the six months ended March 31, 2019 (Successor), a software development company specializing in mobile applications, in February 2017. For the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 (Successor), and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), the Company purchased goods and services from Koopid, Inc. for each of the periods for less than $1 million.
Ronald A. Rittenmeyer is a Director of Avaya Holdings. Mr. Rittenmeyer serves on the board of directors of Tenet Healthcare Corporation (“Tenet Healthcare”), a healthcare services company, and serves on the board of directors of American International Group, Inc. (“AIG”), a global insurance organization. For the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), sales of the Company’s products and services to Tenet Healthcare for each of the periods were less than $1 million. For the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor) and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), sales of the Company’s products and services to AIG were less than $1 million and $2 million, respectively.
Stanley J. Sutula III is a director of Avaya Holdings and he is Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Pitney Bowes Inc., a business-to-business provider of equipment, software and services. For the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor), there were no sales of the Company's products and services to Pitney Bowes Inc. For the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) and for fiscal 2017 (Predecessor), sales of the Company’s products and services to Pitney Bowes Inc. for each of the periods were less than $1 million.
William D. Watkins is a director and Chair of the Board of Directors of Avaya Holdings. Mr. Watkins currently serves on the board of directors of Flex Ltd., an electronics design manufacturer. For the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017 (Successor), the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) and for fiscal 2017, the Company purchased goods and services from subsidiaries of Flex Ltd. of $2$16 million, $7 million, and $6 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2019 (Successor) and $38September 30, 2018 (Successor), the Company had outstanding accounts payable due to Flex Ltd. of $8 million and $4 million, respectively.
Specific Arrangements Among the Predecessor Company, Silver Lake Partners and TPG Capital and their Affiliates
In connection with the Plan of Reorganization, all agreements between the Predecessor Company and Silver Lake Partners, TPG Capital and their affiliates (collectively, the "Predecessor Sponsors") were terminated on the Emergence Date, including the stockholders' agreement, registration rights agreement and management services agreement. In addition, all Predecessor


Company equity held by the Predecessor Sponsors was cancelled. Predecessor Sponsor fees paid were less than $1 million for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor).
20.19. Commitments and Contingencies
Legal Proceedings
General
The Company records accruals for legal contingencies to the extent that it has concluded that it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. No estimate of the possible loss or range of loss in excess of amounts accrued, if any, can be made at this time regarding the matters specifically described below because the inherently unpredictable nature of legal proceedings may be exacerbated by various factors, including: (i) the damages sought in the proceedings are unsubstantiated or indeterminate; (ii) discovery is not complete; (iii) the proceeding is in its early stages; (iv) the matters present legal uncertainties; (v) there are significant facts in dispute; (vi) there are a large number of parties (including where it is uncertain how liability, if any, will be shared among multiple defendants); or (vii) there is a wide range of potential outcomes.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in litigation, claims, government inquiries, investigations and proceedings, including, but not limited to, those identified below, relating to intellectual property, commercial, employment, environmental and regulatory matters.
The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses in connection with its current lawsuits and material claims and disputes, and intends to vigorously contest each of them.
Based on the Company's experience, management believes that the damages amounts claimed in a case are not a meaningful indicator of the potential liability. Claims, suits, investigations and proceedings are inherently uncertain and it is not possible to

predict the ultimate outcome of cases. The Company believes that it has meritorious defenses in connection with its current lawsuits and material claims and disputes.
Other than as described below, inIn the opinion of the Company's management based upon information currently available to the Company, while the outcome of these lawsuits, claims and disputes is uncertain, the likely results of these lawsuits, claims and disputes are not expected, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows, although the effect could be material to the Company's consolidated results of operations or consolidated cash flows for any interim reporting period.
During the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (Successor), the six months ended March 31, 2019 (Successor), and the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 (Successor), there were no costs incurred in connection with the resolution of legal matters other than those incurred in the ordinary course of business. During the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) and the three months ended December 31, 2016 (Predecessor), costs incurred in connection with the resolution of certain legal matters was $0 million, $37 million and $0 million, respectively.
Antitrust Litigation
In 2006, the Company instituted an action in the U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey, against defendants Telecom Labs, Inc., TeamTLI.com Corp. and Continuant Technologies, Inc. (“TLI/Continuant”) and subsequently amended its complaint to include certain individual officers of these companies as defendants. Defendants purportedly provide maintenance services to customers who have purchased or leased the Company's communications equipment. The Company asserted in its amended complaint that, among other things, defendants, or each of them, engaged in tortious conduct by improperly accessing and utilizing the Company's proprietary software, including passwords, logins and maintenance service permissions, to perform certain maintenance services on the Company's customers' equipment. TLI/Continuant filed counterclaims against the Company alleging that the Company has violated the Sherman Act's prohibitions against anticompetitive conduct through the manner in which the Company sells its products and services. TLI/Continuant sought to recover the profits they claim they would have earned from maintaining Avaya's products, and asked for injunctive relief prohibiting the conduct they claim is anticompetitive. 
The trial commenced on September 9, 2013. On January 7, 2014, the Court issued an order dismissing the Company's affirmative claims. With respect to TLI/Continuant’s counterclaims, on March 27, 2014, a jury found against the Company on two of eight claims and awarded damages of $20 million. Under the federal antitrust laws, the jury’s award is subject to automatic trebling, or $60 million.
Following the jury verdict, TLI/Continuant sought an injunction regarding the Company’s ongoing business operations. On June 30, 2014, a federal judge rejected the demands of TLI/Continuant’s proposed injunction and stated that “only a narrow injunction is appropriate.” Instead, the judge issued an order relating to customers who purchased an Avaya PBX system between January 1, 1990 and April 30, 2008 only. Those customers and their agents will have free access to the on demand maintenance commands that were installed on their systems at the time of the purchase transaction. The court specified that this right “does not extend to access on a system purchased after April 30, 2008.” Consequently, the injunction affected only


systems sold prior to April 30, 2008. The judge denied all other requests TLI/Continuant made in its injunction filing. The Company complied with the injunction although it has now been vacated by the September 30, 2016 decision discussed below.
The Company and TLI/Continuant filed post-trial motions seeking to overturn the jury’s verdict, which motions were denied. In September 2014, the Court entered judgment in the amount of $63 million, which included the jury's award of $20 million, subject to automatic trebling, or $60 million, plus prejudgment interest in the amount of $3 million. On October 10, 2014, the Company filed a Notice of Appeal, and on October 23, 2014, TLI/Continuant filed a Notice of Conditional Cross-Appeal. On October 23, 2014, the Company filed its supersedeas bond with the Court in the amount of $63 million. The Company secured posting of the bond through the issuance of a letter of credit under its then existing credit facilities.
On November 10, 2014, TLI/Continuant made an application for attorney's fees, expenses and costs, which the Company contested. TLI/Continuant’s application for attorneys’ fees, expenses and costs was approximately $71 million and represented activity through February 28, 2015. On February 22, 2016, the Company posted a bond in the amount of $8 million in connection with TLC/Continuant's attorneys' fees application.
In September 2016, a Special Master appointed by the trial court to assist in evaluating TLI/Continuant's application rendered a Recommendation, finding that TLI/Continuant should receive approximately $61 million in attorneys' fees, expenses and costs. Subsequently, the parties submitted letters to the Special Master seeking an Amended Recommendation. However, in light of the Third Circuit's favorable opinion, outlined below, the trial court proceedings relating to TLI/Continuant's application have not proceeded. TLI/Continuant is no longer entitled to attorneys' fees, expenses and costs, because it no longer is a prevailing party, subject to further proceedings on appeal or retrial.
On September 30, 2016, the Third Circuit issued a favorable ruling for the Company, which included: (1) reversing the mid-trial decision to dismiss four of the Company’s affirmative claims and reinstated them; (2) vacating the jury verdict on the two claims decided in TLI/Continuant’s favor; (3) entering judgment in the Company’s favor on a portion of TLI/Continuant’s claim relating to attempted monopolization; (4) dismissing TLI/Continuant’s PDS patches claim as a matter of law; (5) vacating the damages award to TLI/Continuant; (6) vacating the award of prejudgment interest to TLI/Continuant; and (7) vacating the injunction. On October 28, 2016, TLI/Continuant sought panel rehearing or rehearing en banc review of the opinion, which was denied on November 16, 2016. On November 22, 2016, TLI/Continuant filed a Motion for Stay of Mandate, which was denied. On December 5, 2016, the Third Circuit issued a certified judgment in lieu of a formal mandate, returning jurisdiction to the trial court.
As a result of the Third Circuit’s opinion, on November 23, 2016, the Company filed a Notice of Motion to Release the Supersedeas Bonds, which the court granted on December 23, 2016. On December 12, 2016, the Court issued an Order Upon Mandate and For Status Conference, which i) vacated the Court’s January 7, 2014 order dismissing Avaya’s claims against TLI/Continuant and the order of judgment entered on September 17, 2014 and ii) scheduled a status conference for January 6, 2017 to discuss the Joint Plan for Retrial. On January 13, 2017, the Court entered an Order staying the matter pending mediation. On January 20, 2017, the Company filed a Notice of Suggestion on Pendency of Bankruptcy For Avaya Inc., et. al. and Automatic Stay of Proceedings. TLI/Continuant filed a proof of claim in the Bankruptcy Court. On November 30, 2017, the Company filed a motion in the Bankruptcy Court seeking to estimate TLI/Continuant’s claim.
A loss reserve has been provided for this matter. The Company continues to believe that TLI/Continuant’s claims are without merit and unsupported by the facts and law, and the Company continues to defend this matter. At this time an outcome cannot be predicted and, as a result, the Company cannot be assured that this case will not have a material adverse effect on the manner in which it does business, its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Patent Infringement
In July 2016, BlackBerry Limited (“BlackBerry”) filed a complaint for patent infringement against the Company in the Northern District of Texas, alleging infringement of multiple patents with respect to a variety of technologies including user interface design, encoding/decoding and call routing. In September 2016, the Company filed a motion to dismiss these claims and in October 2016, the Company also filed a motion to transfer this matter to the Northern District of California. In January 2017, the Company filed a notice of Suggestion of Pendency of Bankruptcy, which initially stayed the proceedings. The stay was partially lifted to allow the court in Texas to rule on the two pending motions. The Company’s motion to transfer the case from Texas to California has been denied. The Company’s motion to dismiss BlackBerry’s indirect infringement and willfulness claims was granted, although BlackBerry was provided an opportunity to file an Amended Complaint to cure the deficiencies, which it did on October 19, 2017. BlackBerry filed a proof of claim in the Bankruptcy Court. On February 20, 2018, the Company and BlackBerry entered into a settlement agreement resolving this dispute, and the Company shortly expects the Court in the Northern District of Texas to enter an order dismissing the lawsuit, with prejudice. A loss reserve has been established for this matter. The Company considers this matter closed, except for distribution of the pre-petition allowed claim in accordance with the general unsecured claims procedure pursuant to the Company's Plan of Reorganization.


In September 2011, Network-1 Security Solutions, Inc. (“Network-1”) filed a complaint for patent infringement against the Company and other corporations in the Eastern District of Texas (Tyler Division), alleging infringement of its patent with respect to power over Ethernet technology. Network-1 seeks to recover for alleged reasonable royalties, enhanced damages and attorneys’ fees. In January 2017, the Company filed a Notice of Suggestion of Pendency of Bankruptcy, which informed the Court of the Company’s voluntary bankruptcy petition filing and stay of proceedings. On October 16, 2017, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order approving a settlement agreement with Network-1 and on November 7, 2017 the Tyler Division district court entered an order dismissing the lawsuit, with prejudice. The Company considers this matter closed, except for distribution of the pre-petition allowed claim in accordance with the general unsecured claims procedure in the Company's Plan of Reorganization.
Intellectual Property and Commercial Disputes
In January 2010, SAE Power Incorporated and SAE Power Company (“SAE”(collectively, "SAE") filed a complaint in the New Jersey Superior Court asserting various claims including breach of contract, unjust enrichment, promissory estoppel and breach of the covenant of good faith and fair dealing arising out of Avaya’s relationship with SAE as a supplier of various power supply products. SAE has since asserted additional claims against Avaya for fraud, negligent misrepresentation, misappropriation of trade secrets and civil conspiracy. SAE seeks to recover for alleged losses stemming from Avaya’s termination of its power supply purchases from SAE, including for Avaya’s alleged disclosure of SAE’s alleged trade secret and/or confidential information to another power supply vendor. On July 19, 2016, the Court entered an order granting Avaya’s motion for partial summary judgment, dismissing certain of SAE’s claims regarding the alleged disclosure of trade secrets. In January 2017, the Company filed a Notice of Suggestion of Pendency of Bankruptcy, which informed the Court of the Company’s voluntary bankruptcy petition filing and stay of proceedings. SAE filed a proof of claim in the Bankruptcy Court. On September 28, 2017, the Company filed a motion in the Bankruptcy Court seeking to estimate SAE’s claim, and the estimation hearing took place on February 15, 2018. TheOn June 12, 2018, the Bankruptcy Court hasentered an Order estimating SAE’s pre-petition misappropriation claim in the amount of $1.21 million plus interest, its fraud claim at $0 million and declined to estimate SAE’s breach of contract claim, leaving it to be resolved through the bankruptcy claims allowance process. Once the stay of proceedings is lifted, SAE may pursue its liability claims against Avaya in the New Jersey state court action, subject to the estimation Order of the Bankruptcy Court. On June 22, 2018, SAE filed a Notice of Appeal challenging the estimation Order, which was denied by the United States District Court on May 6, 2019. SAE may elect to appeal the judgment. This matter, although not yet decidedclosed, will receive distribution in accordance with the estimation motion. A loss reserve has been established for this matter. At this time an outcome cannot be predicted and, as a result,general unsecured claims procedure in the Company cannot be assured that this case will not have a material adverse effect on the manner in which it does business, its financial position, resultsCompany's Plan of operations or cash flows.Reorganization.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in litigation alleging it has infringed upon third parties’ intellectual property rights, including patents and copyrights; some litigation may involve claims for infringement against customers, distributors and resellers by third parties relating to the use of Avaya’s products, as to which the Company may provide indemnifications of varying scope to certain parties. The Company is also involved in litigation pertaining to general commercial disputes with customers, suppliers, vendors and other third parties including royalty disputes. Much of the pending litigation against the Debtors has been stayed as result of the Chapter 11 filing and will be subject to resolution in accordance with the Bankruptcy Code and the orders of the Bankruptcy Court. Based on discussions with parties that have filed claims against the Debtors, the Company provided loss provisions for certain matters. However, theseThese matters are on-goingongoing and the outcomes are subject to inherent uncertainties. As a result, the Company cannot be assured that any such matter will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Product Warranties
The Company recognizes a liability for the estimated costs that may be incurred to remedy certain deficiencies of quality or performance of the Company’s products. These product warranties extend over a specified period of time, generally ranging up to two years from the date of sale depending upon the product subject to the warranty. The Company accrues a provision for estimated future warranty costs based upon the historical relationship of warranty claims to sales. The Company periodically reviews the adequacy of its product warranties and adjusts, if necessary, the warranty percentage and accrued warranty reserve, which is included in other current and non-current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, for actual experience.


(In millions) 
Accrued warranty obligations as of September 30, 2017 (Predecessor)$2
Reductions for payments and costs to satisfy claims(1)
Accruals for warranties issued during the period1
Accrued warranty obligations as of December 15, 2017 (Predecessor)$2
  
  
Reductions for payments and costs to satisfy claims$(1)
Accruals for warranties issued during the period1
Accrued warranty obligations as of December 31, 2017 (Successor)$2
As of March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018, the amount reserved was $1 million and $2 million, respectively.
Guarantees of Indebtedness and Other Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Letters of Credit and Guarantees
The Company provides guarantees, letters of credit and surety bonds to various parties as required for certain transactions initiated during the ordinary course of business to guarantee the Company's performance in accordance with contractual or legal obligations. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor),2019, the maximum potential payment obligation with regards to letters of credit, guarantees and surety bonds was $61$66 million. The outstanding letters of credit are collateralized by restricted cash of $4 million included in otherOther assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of DecemberMarch 31, 2017 (Successor).2019.

Purchase Commitments and Termination Fees
The Company purchases components from a variety of suppliers and uses several contract manufacturers to provide manufacturing services for its products. During the normal course of business, in order to manage manufacturing lead times and to help assure adequate component supply, the Company enters into agreements with contract manufacturers and suppliers that allow them to produce and procure inventory based upon forecasted requirements provided by the Company. If the Company does not meet these specified purchase commitments, it could be required to purchase the inventory, or in the case of certain agreements, pay an early termination fee. Historically, the Company has not been required to pay a charge for not meeting its designated purchase commitments with these suppliers, but has been obligated to purchase certain excess inventory levels from its outsourced manufacturers due to actual sales of product varying from forecast and due to transition of manufacturing from one vendor to another.
The Company’s outsourcing agreements with its most significant contract manufacturers automatically renew in July and September for successive periods of twelve months each, subject to specific termination rights for the Company and the contract manufacturers. All manufacturing of the Company’s products is performed in accordance with either detailed requirements or specifications and product designs furnished by the Company, and is subject to rigorous quality control standards.
Long-Term Incentive Cash Bonus Plan
The Predecessor Company had established a long-term incentive cash bonus plan (“LTIP”). Under the LTIP, the Predecessor Company would pay cash awards and recognize compensation expense to certain key employees upon specific triggering events. As of the Emergence Date, no triggering event had occurred, therefore no cash awards were paid and no compensation expense recognized. Upon emergence from bankruptcy, all awards to persons deemed "insiders" for purposes of Chapter 11 proceedings were cancelled.
Credit Facility Indemnification
In connection with the Successor Company's obligations under its post-emergence credit facilities, the Company has agreed to indemnify the third-party lending institutions for costs incurred by the institutions related to non-compliance with environmental law and other liabilities that may arise with respect to the execution, delivery, enforcement, performance and administration of the financing documentation. As of December 31, 2017 (Successor), no amounts were paid or accrued pursuant to this indemnity.
Transactions with Nokia
Pursuant to the Contribution and Distribution Agreement effective October 1, 2000 (the "Contribution and Distribution Agreement"), Lucent Technologies, Inc. (now Nokia) contributed to the Company substantially all of the assets, liabilities and operations associated with its enterprise networking businesses (the “Company’s Businesses”"Company’s Businesses") and distributed the Company’s stock pro-rata to the shareholders of Lucent (“distribution”("distribution"). The Contribution and Distribution Agreement, among other things, provides that, in general, the Company will indemnify Nokia for all liabilities including certain pre-distribution tax obligations of Nokia relating to the Company’s Businesses and all contingent liabilities primarily relating to the Company’s Businesses or otherwise assigned to the Company. In addition, the Contribution and Distribution Agreement provides that certain contingent liabilities not allocated to one of the


parties will be shared by Nokia and the Company in prescribed percentages. The Contribution and Distribution Agreement also provides that each party will share specified portions of contingent liabilities based upon agreed percentages related to the business of the other party that exceed $50 million. The Company is unable to determine the maximum potential amount of other future payments, if any, that it could be required to make under this agreement.
In addition, in connection with the distribution, the Company and Lucent entered into a Tax Sharing Agreement effective October 1, 2000 (the "Tax Sharing Agreement") that governs Nokia’s and the Company’s respective rights, responsibilities and obligations after the distribution with respect to taxes for the periods ending on or before the distribution. Generally, pre-distribution taxes or benefits that are clearly attributable to the business of one party will be borne solely by that party and other pre-distribution taxes or benefits will be shared by the parties based on a formula set forth in the Tax Sharing Agreement. The Company may be subject to additional taxes or benefits pursuant to the Tax Sharing Agreement related to future settlements of audits by state and local and foreign taxing authorities for the periods prior to the Company’s separation from Nokia.
21.Condensed Financial Information of Parent Company
Avaya Holdings has no material assets or stand-alone operations other than its ownership in Avaya Inc. and its subsidiaries.
These condensed financial statements have been presented on a "Parent Company only" basis. Under a Parent Company only presentation, the Company's investments in its consolidated subsidiaries are presented using the equity method of accounting. These Parent Company only condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
The following present:
(1) the Successor Company, Parent Company only, statements of financial position as of December 31, 2017, and the statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows for the period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017, and;
(2) the Predecessor Company, Parent Company only, statements of financial position as of September 30, 2017, and the statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 and for the three months ended December 31, 2016.
Avaya Holdings Corp.
Parent Company Only
Condensed Balance Sheets (unaudited)
(In millions)
 Successor  Predecessor
 December 31, 2017  September 30, 2017
ASSETS    
Investment in Avaya Inc.$1,867
  $
TOTAL ASSETS$1,867
  $
     
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)    
LIABILITIES    
Deficit in excess of investment in Avaya Inc.$
  $4,429
TOTAL LIABILITIES
  4,429
Commitments and contingencies
  
Predecessor equity awards on redeemable shares
  7
Preferred stock, Series B
  393
Preferred stock, Series A
  184
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)1,867
  (5,013)
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)$1,867
  $



Avaya Holdings Corp.
Parent Company Only
Condensed Statements of Operations (unaudited)
(In millions, except per share amounts)
 Successor  Predecessor
 Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
Equity in net income (loss) of Avaya Inc.$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
NET INCOME (LOSS)$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS      
Basic$2.16
  $5.19
 $(0.22)
Diluted$2.15
  $5.19
 $(0.22)
Weighted average shares outstanding      
Basic109.8
  497.3
 497.0
Diluted110.3
  497.3
 497.0
Avaya Holdings Corp.
Parent Company Only
Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (unaudited)
(In millions)
 Successor  Predecessor
 Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
Net income (loss)$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
Equity in other comprehensive (loss) income of Avaya Inc.(13)  658
 37
Elimination of Predecessor Company accumulated other comprehensive loss
  790
 
Comprehensive income (loss)$224
  $4,425
 $(66)
Avaya Holdings Corp.
Parent Company Only
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)
(In millions)
 Successor  Predecessor
 Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016
Net income (loss)$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used for operating activities:      
Equity in net income (loss) of Avaya Inc.(237)  (2,977) 103
Net cash provided by (used for) operating activities
  
 
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities
  
 
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities
  
 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
  
 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
  
 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$
  $
 $


22.Subsequent Events
On January 29, 2018, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Intellisist, Inc., doing business as Spoken Communications, a Contact Center as a Service (CCaaS) solutions company. The acquisition is expected to close within the next two months and be funded by cash on hand, however the ultimate purchase price and certain other terms are subject to further negotiation.




Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 2.Management’sUnless the context otherwise indicates, as used in this "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Unless the context otherwise indicates, as used in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “the"we," "us," "our," "the Company,” “Avaya”" "Avaya" and similar terms refer to Avaya Holdings Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries. “Management’s"Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”Operations" should be read in conjunction with the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Consolidated Financial Statements and other financial information for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017,2018, which were included in our Registration StatementAnnual Report on Form 10 Amendment No. 310-K filed with the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission on January 10,December 21, 2018.
Our accompanying unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as of DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 (Successor) and for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019 (Successor), the three months ended March 31, 2018 (Successor), the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 (Successor), and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) and the three months ended December 31, 2016 (Predecessor) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”("GAAP") and the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial statements. In our opinion, the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal and recurring adjustments, as well as fresh start and reorganization adjustments, necessary to presentstate fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods indicated.
The matters discussed in “Management’s"Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”Operations" contain certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See “Cautionary"Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements”Statements" at the end of this discussion.
Overview
Avaya is a global leader in digital communications software,products, solutions and services and devices for businesses of all sizes. Our open,We enable organizations around the globe to succeed by creating intelligent and customizable solutions for contact centers and unified communications offer the flexibility of Cloud, on-premises and hybrid deployments. Avaya shapes intelligent connections and creates seamless communication experiences for our customers and their customers.employees. Avaya builds open, converged and innovative solutions to enhance and simplify communications and collaboration in the cloud, on-premises or a hybrid of both. Our professionalglobal, experienced team of professionals delivers award-winning services from initial planning support and management services teams help optimize solutions, for highly reliabledesign, to seamless implementation and efficient deployments.integration, to ongoing managed operations, optimization, training and support. Our solutions fall underbusiness has two operating segments: Products & Solutions and Services.
Global CommunicationProducts & Solutions ("GCS")
Products & Solutions encompasses our real-time collaboration solutions for unified communications and contact center offerings to drive exceptional customer experiences. We take a cloud-first approach with a fully open architecture that supports flexibility, reliability, securityplatforms, applications and scaling so customers can move to the cloud in a way that best meets their specific needs.devices.
Unified Communications ("UC"): Avaya omnichannel contact center solutions that enable customers to build a customized portfolio of applications to drive stronger customer engagement and promote higher customer lifetime value. Our highly reliable, scalable communications-centric solutions include voice, e-mail, chat, social media, video, performance management and ease of third-party integration that can improve customer service and help companies compete more effectively. 
Our unifiedunifies communications, solutions helphelping companies increase employee productivity, improve customer service and reduce costs by integrating multiple forms of communications, including telephony, e-mail, instant messaging and video.costs. Avaya embeds communications directly into the applications, browsers and devices employees use every day to create a single, powerful gateway for voice, video, messaging, conferencing and collaboration. We freegive people from their desktopa natural, efficient, and give them a more natural and efficientflexible way to connect, communicateengage, respond, and share when,- where and how they want. want - for better business results.
This operating segment also includesAvaya offers an open, extensible development platform, so that our customers and third parties can easily adapt our technology by creatingcreate custom applications and automated workflows for their unique needs, integrating Avaya’s capabilities into theirthe customer's existing infrastructure and business applications.
Avaya Global ServicesContact Center ("AGS"CC"): includes professionalAvaya’s industry-leading omnichannel contact center solutions enable customers to build a customized portfolio of applications, driving stronger customer engagement and support services designedhigher customer lifetime value. Our reliable, secure and scalable communications solutions include voice, email, chat, social media, video, performance management and ease of third-party integration that can improve customer service and help companies compete more effectively.
Avaya also focuses on ensuring an outstanding experience for mobile callers by integrating transformative technologies, including Artificial Intelligence, big data analytics and cybersecurity into our contact center solutions. As organizations use these solutions to gain a deeper understanding of their customer needs, we believe that their teams become more efficient and effective and their customer loyalty grows.
Both UC and CC are supported by our portfolio of innovative business phones and multimedia devices, which is one of the broadest in the industry. Avaya brings consumer technology to the employee desktop in a way that can help our customers maximizeenhance customer service, internal and external collaboration, and employee productivity. Customers experience seamless audio and video capabilities for both Avaya and approved third-party UC platforms via open Session Initiation Protocol ("SIP") devices. SIP is used for signaling and controlling multi-media communication sessions in applications of Internet telephony for voice and video calls, along with integration with numerous apps that help connect and accelerate business. Developers can easily customize capabilities for their specific needs with our client Software Development Kit.

Services
Services consists of three business areas: Global Support Services, Enterprise Cloud and Managed Services and Professional Services.
Global Support Servicesfeatures offerings that address the benefitsrisk of system outages and also help businesses protect their technology investments. We help our customers maintain their competitiveness through proactive problem prevention, rapid resolution and continual solution optimization. The majority of our solutions. Our global, experienced professional services team helps maximize customer investmentsrevenue in collaborative communications, with services from initial planningthis business is recurring in nature.
Enterprise Cloud and design, to seamless implementation, to integration and ongoing optimization. We help customers use communications to help minimize risk, enable people, and deliver a differentiated customer experience.
Avaya also offers every level of support for communications solutions, with award-winning services for implementation, deployment, training, monitoring, troubleshooting and optimization, and more. Our pro-active, preventative monitoring of system performance and the ability to quickly find and fix problems help keep customer communications running optimally. Remote diagnostics and resolutions help us rapidly resolve potential problems, saving time and reducing risk of an outage.


This operating segment also includes our private cloud and managed services, which enableManaged Services enables customers to take advantage of our technology via the cloud, on-premises, or in a private, public or hybrid (i.e., mix of on-premises, private and/or public) cloud environment,both, depending on the solution and customer needs.the needs of the customer. The majority of our revenue in this reporting segmentbusiness is recurring in nature and based on multi-year services contracts.
Professional Services enables businesses worldwide to take full advantage of their solution investments to drive measurable business results. Our expert consultants and experienced engineers work with clients as a strategic partner along each step of the solution lifecycle to deliver services that drive business transformation and expand ongoing value. The majority of our revenue in this business is one-time in nature.
Together, these comprehensive services enable clients to leverage communications technology to help them maximize their business results. Our global team of professionals delivers services from initial planning and design, to implementation and integration, to ongoing managed operations, optimization, training and support.
We help our customers use communications to minimize the risk of outages, enable employee productivity and deliver a differentiated customer experience.
Our services teams also help our clients transition at their desired pace to next generation communications technology solutions, either via the cloud, on-premises, or a hybrid of both. Customers can choose various levels of support for their communications solutions, including deployment, training, monitoring, troubleshooting and optimization, and more. Our proactive, preventative system performance monitoring can quickly identify and resolve issues. Remote diagnostics and resolutions rapidly fix existing problems and avoid potential issues, helping our customers to save time and reducing the risk of an outage.
Emergence from Bankruptcy
On July 14,January 19, 2017 (the "Petition Date"), Avaya Holdings Corp., together with certain of its affiliates (collectively, the "Debtors"), filed voluntary petitions for relief (the "Bankruptcy Filing") under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (the "Bankruptcy Code") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the "Bankruptcy Court").
On November 28, 2017, the Company sold its former networking business to Extreme Networks, Inc. (“Extreme”Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization filed by the Debtors on October 24, 2017 (the "Plan of Reorganization"). Prior toOn December 15, 2017 (the "Emergence Date"), the Plan of Reorganization became effective and the Debtors emerged from bankruptcy.
sale,Beginning on the networking business wasEmergence Date, the Company applied fresh start accounting, which resulted in a separate operating segment comprisednew basis of certain assetsaccounting and the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. As a result of the Company’s Networking
segment, alongapplication of fresh start accounting and the effects of the implementation of the Plan of Reorganization, the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements after December 15, 2017 are not comparable with the maintenance and professional services of the networking business, which were part of the AGS
segment. Networking included advanced fabric networking technology, which offered a unique end-to-end virtualized
architecture network designedCondensed Consolidated Financial Statements on or prior to be simple to deploy. This operating segment also included software and hardware products
such as ethernet switches, wireless networking, access control, and unified management and orchestration solutions, which
provided network and device management. Accordingly, after the sale of the networking business, our operating segments
consist solely of GCS and AGS.
that date.
Factors and Trends Affecting Our Results of Operations
There are a number of trends and uncertainties affecting our business. For example, we are dependent on general economic conditions and the willingness of our customers to invest in technology. In addition, instability in the geopolitical environment of our customers, instability in the global credit markets and other disruptions put pressure on the global economy causing uncertainties. We areOur business is also affected by the impact ofchanges in foreign currency exchange rates on our business.rates. We believe these uncertainties have impacted our customers’ willingness to spend on IT and the manner in which they procure such technologies and services. This includes delays or rejection of capital projects, including the implementation of our products and services. In addition, as further explained below, we believe there is a growing market trend around cloud consumption preferences with more customers exploring operating expense and subscription-based models as opposed to capital expenditure (“CapEx”("CapEx") models for procuring technology. We believe the market trend toward cloud models will continue as customers seek ways of reducing their fixed overhead and other costs.
We continue to evolve into a software and services business and focus our go-to-market efforts by introducing new solutions and innovations, particularly on workflow automation, multi-channel customer engagement and cloud-enabled communications applications. These include Avaya Oceana®, Avaya Oceanalytics™, Avaya Equinox®, Avaya® Enterprise Private Cloud and Zang® Cloud. We also launched a next-generation desktop device, Avaya Vantage™.
As a result of a growing market trend preferring cloud consumption, more customers are exploring subscription and pay-per-use based models, rather than CapEx models, for procuring technology. The shift to subscription and pay-per-use models enables customers to manage costs and efficiencies by paying a subscription or a per minute or per message fee for business communications services rather than purchasing the underlying products and services, infrastructure and personnel, which are owned and managed by the equipment vendor or a cloud and managed services provider. We believe the market trend toward

these flexible consumption models will continue as we see an increasing number of opportunities and requests for proposalproposals based on subscription and pay-per-use models. This trend has driven an increase in the proportion of total Company revenues attributable to software and services.
In addition, we believe customers are moving away from owned and operated infrastructure, preferring cloud offerings and virtualized server defined networks, which provide us with reducedreduce our associated maintenance support opportunities. We continue to evolve into a software and services business and focus our go-to-market efforts by introducing new solutions and innovations, particularly on workflow automation, multi-channel customer engagement and cloud-enabled communications applications. The Company is focused on growing products and services with a recurring revenue stream. Recurring revenue includes products and services that are delivered pursuant to multi-period contracts including revenue recurring from sales of software, maintenance, and Cloud and Avaya private cloud services, which was recently renamed Enterprise Cloud and Managed Services.
Despite the benefits of a robust indirect channel, which include expanding our sales reach, our channel partners have direct contact with our customers that may foster independent relationships between them and a loss of certain services agreements for us. We have been able to offset these impacts by focusing on utilizing partners in a sales agent relationship, whereby partners perform selling activities but the contract remains with Avaya. We are also offering higher-value services in support of our software offerings, such as professional services and cloud-managed services, which are not traditionally provided by our channel partners.
The Company has maintained its focus on profitability levels and investing in future results. As the Company continues its transformation to a software and service-led organization, it has implemented programs designed to streamline its operations, generate cost savings and eliminate overlapping processes and resources. These cost savings programs include: (1) reducing headcount, (2) eliminating real estate costs associated with unused or under-utilized facilities and (3) implementing gross margin improvement and other cost reduction initiatives. The Company continues to evaluate opportunities to streamline its operations and identify cost savings globally and may take additional restructuring actions in the future. The costs of those actions could be material.
Emergence from Bankruptcy
On January 19, 2017 (the "Petition Date"), Avaya Holdings Corp., together with certain of its affiliates (collectively, the "Debtors"), filed voluntary petitions for relief (the "Bankruptcy Filing") under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy


Code (the "Bankruptcy Code") in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York (the "Bankruptcy Court").
On November 28, 2017, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order confirming the Second Amended Joint Plan of Reorganization filed by the Debtors on October 24, 2017 (the "Plan of Reorganization"). On December 15, 2017 (the "Emergence Date"), the Plan of Reorganization became effective and the Debtors emerged from bankruptcy.
In accordance with the Plan of Reorganization, the following significant transactions occurred on the Emergence Date:
The Company paid in full amounts outstanding under the debtor-in-possession credit agreement (the "DIP Credit Agreement").
The Debtors' obligations under stock certificates, equity interests, and / or any other instrument or document directly or indirectly evidencing or creating any indebtedness or obligation of, or ownership interest in, the Debtors or giving rise to any claim or equity interest were cancelled, except as provided under the Plan of Reorganization;
The Company's certificate of incorporation was amended and restated to authorize the issuance of 605.0 million shares of stock, consisting of 55.0 million shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 550.0 million shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share;
The Company entered into a term loan credit agreement (the "Term Loan Credit Agreement") with a principal amount of $2,925 million and a $300 million asset-based revolving credit facility (the "ABL Credit Agreement");
The Company issued 99.3 million shares of Successor Company common stock to the holders of the Predecessor's first lien obligations that was extinguished in the bankruptcy. In addition, these holders received $2,061 million in cash;
The Company issued 4.4 million shares of Successor Company common stock to the holders of the Predecessor's second lien obligations that was extinguished in the bankruptcy. In addition, these holders received warrants to purchase 5.6 million shares of Successor Company common stock at an exercise price of $25.55 per warrant (the "Warrants");
The Company issued 6.1 million shares of Successor Company common stock to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC"). In addition, the PBGC received $340 million in cash; and
The Debtors established a liquidating trust in the amount of $58 million for the benefit of general unsecured creditors. In addition, the Company issued 0.2 million additional shares of Successor Company common stock for the benefit of its former general unsecured creditors. The general unsecured creditors will receive a total of $58 million in cash and these shares of common stock. Any excess cash and / or common stock not distributed to the general unsecured creditors will be distributed to the holders of the Predecessor first lien obligations.
Upon emergence from bankruptcy on December 15, 2017, the Company applied fresh start accounting, which resulted in a new basis of accounting and the Company becoming a new entity for financial reporting purposes. As a result of the application of fresh start accounting and the effects of the implementation of the Plan of Reorganization, the consolidated financial statements after December 15, 2017 are not comparable with the consolidated financial statements on or prior to that date. Refer to Note 5, "Fresh Start Accounting," to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Financial Results Summary
Our financial results for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 are referred to as those of the “Predecessor”"Predecessor" period. Our financial results for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 are referred to as those of the “Successor”"Successor" period. Our results of operations as reported in our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are reported separately for each of these periods and therefore are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).GAAP. Although GAAP requires that we report on our results for the periodsperiod from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 and the period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 separately, management views and assesses the Company’s operating results for the threesix months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172018 by combining the results of the applicable Predecessor and Successor periods because such presentation provides the most meaningful comparison of our results to prior periods.the current period.
The Company cannot adequately benchmarkcompare the operating results of the 16-day period endedfrom December 16, 2017 through March 31, 20172018 against any of the previous periodscurrent period reported in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements without combining it with the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 and does not believe that reviewing the results of this period in isolation would be useful in identifying any trends in or reaching any conclusions regarding the Company’s overall operating performance. Management believes that the key performance metrics such as revenue, gross margin and operating income (loss) for the Successor period when combined with the Predecessor period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 provideprovides more meaningful comparisons to other periods and are useful in identifying current business trends. Accordingly, in addition to presenting our results of operations as reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP, the table and discussion below also presents the combined results for the threesix months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017, which is considered non-GAAP.


2018.
The combined results for the threesix months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172018, which we refer to herein as results for the "six months ended March 31, 2018," represent the sum of the reported amounts for the Predecessor period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 and the Successor period from December 16, 2017 through DecemberMarch 31, 2017.2018. These combined results doare not complyconsidered to be prepared in accordance with GAAP and have not been prepared as pro forma results under applicable regulations, but are presented because we believe they provide the most meaningful comparison of our results to prior periods.regulations. The combined operating results may not reflect the actual results we would have achieved absent our emergence from bankruptcy and may not be indicative of future results.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASU 2014-09")." This standard superseded most of the previous revenue recognition guidance under GAAP and is intended to improve and converge with international standards the financial reporting requirements for revenue recognition. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. New disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers are also required. Subsequently, the FASB issued several standards that clarified certain aspects of ASU 2014-09 but did not

significantly change the original standard. The Company adopted ASU 2014-09 and its related amendments (collectively "ASC 606") as of October 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method. Refer to Note 2, "Recent Accounting Pronouncements" and Note 3, "Revenue Recognition" to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for disclosures related to the adoption of ASC 606 and an updated accounting policy related to revenue recognition and contract costs.
With the adoption of ASC 606, sales that include professional services, are generally recognized as the services are performed as opposed to upon completion and acceptance of the promised services. Additionally, when such arrangements also include products, certain products revenue is recognized when the products are delivered as opposed to upon completion and acceptance of the related services. Revenue recognition related to stand-alone product shipments, maintenance services, and certain cloud offerings remains substantially unchanged. In addition to the impacts on revenue recognition, the standard requires incremental contract acquisition costs (primarily sales commissions) to be capitalized and amortized over the term of the related performance obligation as opposed to expensed as incurred. The actual impacts are dependent upon contract-specific terms.
At the beginning of fiscal 2019, the Company’s management proactively aligned its internal key performance indicators and its incentive compensation plans to drive performance under ASC 606. Due to these operational changes, the Company’s results for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019 on an ASC 605 basis (see Note 3, “Revenue Recognition,” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements) are not directly comparable to the Company’s results for the three and six months ended March 31, 2018, which are also on an ASC 605 basis. In addition to the impact on revenue, these operational changes also had a corresponding impact on the Company’s cash flow performance, as revenue recognition now precedes customer billing and cash collection in many cases. The Company anticipates that the differences resulting from these operational changes will normalize as services engagements reach completion milestones in subsequent reporting periods.


The following table displays our consolidated net (loss) income (loss) for the periods indicated:
Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
 Six months ended
March 31, 2018
REVENUE                     
Products$71
  $253
 $324
 $401
 $287
 $293
 $611
 $364
  $253
 $617
Services77
  351
 428
 474
 422
 379
 836
 456
  351
 807
148
  604
 752
 875
 709
 672
 1,447
 820
  604
 1,424
COSTS                     
Products:                     
Costs33
  84
 117
 145
 105
 110
 220
 143
  84
 227
Amortization of technology intangible assets7
  3
 10
 5
 44
 41
 87
 48
  3
 51
Services30
  155
 185
 190
 174
 198
 347
 228
  155
 383
70
  242
 312
 340
 323
 349
 654
 419
  242
 661
GROSS PROFIT78
  362
 440
 535
 386
 323
 793
 401
  362
 763
OPERATING EXPENSES                     
Selling, general and administrative50
  264
 314
 336
 251
 282
 508
 332
  264
 596
Research and development9
  38
 47
 62
 52
 50
 105
 59
  38
 97
Amortization of intangible assets7
  10
 17
 57
 41
 40
 81
 47
  10
 57
Restructuring charges, net10
  14
 24
 10
 4
 40
 11
 50
  14
 64
76
  326
 402
 465
 348
 412
 705
 488
  326
 814
OPERATING INCOME2
  36
 38
 70
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) 38
 (89) 88
 (87)  36
 (51)
Interest expense(9)  (14) (23) (174) (58) (47) (118) (56)  (14) (70)
Other (expense) income, net(2)  (2) (4) 4
Other income (expense), net 1
 (3) 23
 (5)  (2) (7)
Reorganization items, net
  3,416
 3,416
 
 
 
 
 
  3,416
 3,416
(LOSS) INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES(9)  3,436
 3,427
 (100) (19) (139) (7) (148)  3,436
 3,288
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes246
  (459) (213) (3) 6
 9
 3
 255
  (459) (204)
NET INCOME (LOSS)$237
  $2,977
 $3,214
 $(103)
NET (LOSS) INCOME $(13) $(130) $(4) $107
  $2,977
 $3,084

Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 combined results compared toThe following table displays the Three Months Ended December 31, 2016
Revenue
Revenue decreased inimpact of the first three months of fiscal 2018 primarily as the result of lower demand for products and services due to extended procurement cyclesfair value adjustments resulting from the Bankruptcy Filing, the sale of the Networking business in July 2017 and the impactCompany's application of fresh start accounting followingupon emergence from bankruptcy, excluding those related to the Emergence Date.amortization of intangible assets, on the Company's operating income (loss) for the periods indicated:
(In millions) Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
REVENUE        
Products $(2) $(24) $(4) $(30)
Services (3) (61) (11) (78)
  (5) (85) (15) (108)
COSTS        
Products 
 9
 3
 14
Services 4
 12
 10
 19
  4
 21
 13
 33
GROSS PROFIT (9) (106) (28) (141)
OPERATING EXPENSES        
Selling, general and administrative 2
 1
 2
 (1)
Research and development 1
 
 2
 
  3
 1
 4
 (1)
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) $(12) $(107) $(32) $(140)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Compared with the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 Results
Revenue
Revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2019 was $709 million compared to $672 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily driven by a lower impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy, which resulted in the recognition of deferred revenue at fair value and lower revenue in subsequent periods; the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($36 million); and incremental revenue from the Spoken acquisition. The increase was partially offset by lower demand for the Company's unified communications and contact center products, which contributed to a decline in professional services revenue; a continued decline in maintenance services revenue; and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates. The lower demand for our unified communications, contact center and networking products hasin prior periods also contributed, in part, to the decline in lower maintenance services revenue and private cloud and managed services revenue.


The following table displays revenue and the percentage of revenue to total sales by operating segment for the periods indicated:
          Percentage of Total Revenue    
 Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change 
GCS$71
  $253
 $324
 $343
 43% 39% (6)% (7)%
Networking
  
 
 58
 0% 7% (100)% (100)%
Total ECS product revenue71
  253
 324
 401
 43% 46% (19)% (20)%
AGS77
  351
 428
 474
 57% 54% (10)% (11)%
Total revenue$148
  $604
 $752
 $875
 100% 100% (14)% (15)%
      Percentage of Total Revenue   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact
(In millions) Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change 
Products & Solutions $289
 $317
 41 % 47 % (9)% (8)%
Services 425
 440
 60 % 65 % (3)% (2)%
Unallocated amounts (5) (85) (1)% (12)% 
(1) 

 
(1) 

Total revenue $709
 $672
 100 % 100 % 6 % 7 %
(1)
Not meaningful
OurProducts & Solutions revenue for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $752$289 million compared to $875$317 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower unified communications and contact center revenue and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($15 million) and incremental revenue from the Spoken acquisition.
GCSServices revenue for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $324$425 million compared to $343$440 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decrease in GCS revenue was primarily attributable to uncertainties, procurement slowdowns and extended procurement cycles resulting from the Bankruptcy Filing. As a result, there was a lower demand for endpoints, gateways, legacy Nortel and Tenovis products, SME Telephony products and servers. The decrease in GCS revenue was also due to the impact of fresh start accounting on the balance of deferred revenue upon emergence from bankruptcy and subsequently the recognition of revenue in the Successor period.
Networking revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2016 was $58 million. The Networking business was sold to Extreme in July 2017.
AGS revenue for the three months ended December 31, 2017 was $428 million compared to $474 million for the three months ended December 31, 2016. The decrease in AGS revenue was primarily due to lower maintenanceprofessional services revenue as a result of lower demand for

the lower product sales discussed aboveCompany's unified communications and lower professionalcontact center products; a continued decline in maintenance services revenue. The decrease in AGS revenue was also due torevenue; and the unfavorable impact of fresh start accounting onforeign currency exchange rates, partially offset by the balancefavorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($21 million).
Unallocated amounts for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 represent the fair value adjustment to deferred revenue recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy and subsequently the recognition of related revenue in the Successor period.excluded from segment revenue.
The following table displays revenue and the percentage of revenue to total sales by location for the periods indicated:
        Percentage of Total Revenue    
Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact     Percentage of Total Revenue   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change  Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change 
U.S.$71
  $331
 $402
 $466
 53% 53% (14)% (14)% $375
 $354
 53% 53% 6 % 6%
International:                            
EMEA42
  166
 208
 234
 28% 27% (11)% (15)% 188
 179
 27% 26% 5 % 8%
APAC - Asia Pacific19
  57
 76
 90
 10% 10% (16)% (17)% 79
 80
 11% 12% (1)% 3%
Americas International - Canada and Latin America16
  50
 66
 85
 9% 10% (22)% (25)% 67
 59
 9% 9% 14 % 17%
Total International77
  273
 350
 409
 47% 47% (14)% (17)% 334
 318
 47% 47% 5 % 8%
Total revenue$148
  $604
 $752
 $875
 100% 100% (14)% (15)% $709
 $672
 100% 100% 6 % 7%
Revenue in the U.S. for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $402$375 million compared to $466$354 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decreaseincrease in U.S. revenue was primarily attributable to the result of a lower impact of applying fresh start accounting on the balance of deferred revenue upon emergence from bankruptcy and subsequently the recognitionfavorable impact of related revenue inadopting ASC 606 ($16 million). The increase was partially offset by lower demand for the Successor period, a decrease in global support services and lower sales ofCompany's unified communications and contact center products, including endpoints, SME Telephony,which contributed to a decline in maintenance and gateways, as well as the impact of the sale of the Networking business in July 2017.


professional services revenue. Revenue in EMEA (Europe,Europe, Middle East Africa)and Africa ("EMEA") for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $208$188 million compared to $234$179 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decreaseincrease in EMEA revenue was primarily attributable to the lower impact of the sale of the Networking business in July 2017, partially offset byfresh start accounting and the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($6 million), partially offset by lower professional services revenue and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency.currency exchange rates. Revenue in APACAsia Pacific ("APAC") for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $76$79 million compared to $90$80 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decrease in APAC revenue was primarily attributable to lower unified communications and contact center products revenue and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by a lower impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy and the salefavorable impact of the Networking business in July 2017 and lower revenue associated with professional and support services.adopting ASC 606 ($2 million). Revenue in Americas International for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $66$67 million compared to $85$59 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decreaseincrease in Americas International revenue was primarily attributable to the salefavorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($12 million), partially offset by lower demand for the Networking business in July 2017 and lower sales ofCompany's unified communications and contact center products, including endpoints, SME Telephony,which contributed to a decline in professional services revenue, and gateways.the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates.
We sell our products and solutions both directly to end users and through an indirect sales channel. The following table sets forthprovides a comparison of revenue from sales of products by channeldirect and the percentage of productindirect Products & Solutions revenue from sales of products by channel for the periods indicated:
        Percentage of Total Revenue    
Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact     Percentage of Total Products & Solutions Revenue   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change  Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change 
Direct$17
  $80
 $97
 $99
 30% 25% (2)% (5)% $86
 $93
 30% 29% (8)% (7)%
Indirect54
  173
 227
 302
 70% 75% (25)% (25)% 203
 224
 70% 71% (9)% (8)%
Total ECS product revenue$71
  $253
 $324
 $401
 100% 100% (19)% (20)%
Total Products & Solutions revenue $289
 $317
 100% 100% (9)% (8)%




Gross Profit
The following table sets forth gross profit and gross margin by operating segment for the periods indicated:
          Gross Margin    
 Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Change
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Amount Percent
GCS$41
  $169
 $210
 $231
 64.8% 67.3% $(21) (9.1)%
Networking
  
 
 25
 
 43.1% (25) (100.0)%
  ECS41
  169
 210
 256
 64.8% 63.8% (46) (18.0)%
AGS50
  196
 246
 284
 57.5% 59.9% (38) (13.4)%
Unallocated amounts(13)  (3) (16) (5) 
(1) 

 
(1) 

 (11) 
(1) 

Total$78
  $362
 $440
 $535
 58.5% 61.1% $(95) (17.8)%
      Gross Margin Change
(In millions) Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Amount Percent
Products & Solutions $184
 $214
 63.7% 67.5% $(30) (14)%
Services 255
 255
 60.0% 58.0% 
  %
Unallocated amounts (53) (146) 
(1 
) 
 
(1 
) 
 93
 
(1) 

Total $386
 $323
 54.4% 48.1% $63
 20 %
(1)Not meaningful
(1)
Not meaningful
Gross profit for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $440$386 million compared to $535$323 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decreaseincrease was attributable toprimarily driven by the increase in revenue described above, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of costs recognized on an accelerated basis under ASC 606 ($10 million) and the saleincremental amortization of technology intangibles acquired from the Networking business in July 2017, the decrease in sales of global support services, the impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy and lower sales of unified communications products including endpoints, SME Telephony, and gateways.Spoken acquisition.
GCSProducts & Solutions gross profit for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $210$184 million compared to $231$214 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decrease was mainly attributable to the lower sales of unified communications products including endpoints, SME Telephony, and gateways, as well asdecline in revenue described above. Products & Solutions gross margin decreased from 67.5% to 63.7% in the impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy.three months ended March 31, 2019, mainly driven by unfavorable product mix.
NetworkingServices gross profit for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20162019 was $25 million. The Networking business was sold to Extreme in July 2017.
AGS gross profit for$255 million and flat compared with the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017 was $246 million compared2018. Services gross margin increased from 58.0% to $284 million for60.0% in the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016. The decrease in AGS gross profit was due2019 mainly driven by cost savings related to a decrease in sales of global support services and the impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy.


Company's restructuring programs.
Unallocated amounts for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 and 2016 included2018 include the fair value adjustments recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy and excluded from segment gross profit; the effect of the amortization of technology intangiblesintangibles; and costs that are not core to the measurement of segment performance, but rather are controlled at the corporate level.
Operating Expenses
The following table sets forth operating expenses and the percentage of operating expenses to total revenue for the periods indicated:
        Percentage of Revenue    
Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor Change     Percentage of Total Revenue Change
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three Months Ended December 31, 2016 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Amount Percent Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Three months ended
March 31, 2019
 Three months ended
March 31, 2018
 Amount Percent
Selling, general and administrative$50
  $264
 $314
 $336
 41.7% 38.4% $(22) (7)% $251
 $282
 35.4% 41.9% $(31) (11)%
Research and development9
  38
 47
 62
 6.3% 7.1% (15) (24)% 52
 50
 7.3% 7.4% 2
 4 %
Amortization of intangible assets7
  10
 17
 57
 2.3% 6.5% (40) (70)% 41
 40
 5.8% 6.0% 1
 3 %
Restructuring charges, net10
  14
 24
 10
 3.2% 1.1% 14
 140 % 4
 40
 0.6% 6.0% (36) (90)%
Total operating expenses$76
  $326
 $402
 $465
 53.5% 53.1% $(63) (14)% $348
 $412
 49.1% 61.3% $(64) (16)%
SG&ASelling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017 was $3142019 were $251 million compared to $336$282 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decrease was primarily attributable to advisory fees incurredlower accrued incentive compensation and sales commissions due to the Company's revenue performance; the favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates; lower acquisition-related costs due to the Spoken acquisition in the prior year periodyear; and lower advisory fees to assist in the assessment of strategic and financial alternatives to improve the Company’sCompany's capital structure and results fromstructure. The decrease was partially offset by the Networking business, that was sold to Extreme in July 2017, as well as an unfavorable impact of foreign currency.accounting for sales commissions under ASC 606 in the current period ($4 million).
R&DResearch and development expenses for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017 was $472019 were $52 million compared to $62$50 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The decreaseincrease was primarily attributable to incremental expenses associated with the results fromSpoken acquisition, partially offset by the Networking business incurred in the prior year period as that business was sold to Extreme in July 2017.favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates.
Amortization of acquired intangible assets for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $17$41 million compared to $57$40 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016. The decrease was primarily attributable to certain customer relationships and other intangible assets that were fully amortized during the Predecessor period. The carrying value of intangible assets was adjusted upon the application of fresh start accounting. See Note 6, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets - Intangible Assets” to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details, including potential future amortization expense related to intangible assets.2018.

Restructuring charges, net, for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017 was $242019 were $4 million compared to $10$40 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. Restructuring charges recorded during the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 mainly related to employee severance actions in EMEA. Restructuring charges during the three months ended March 31, 2018 included employee separation costs of $13$40 million primarily associated with employee severance actions in the U.S. and EMEA and lease obligations of $11 million primarily in the U.S. and EMEA. The increase was primarily related to charges for employee separation costs and payments made under lease termination agreements associated with vacated facilities, particularly in EMEA and the U.S. Restructuring charges recorded during the three months ended December 31, 2016 included employee separation costs of $8 million primarily associated with employee severance actions in the U.S. and EMEA and lease obligations of $2 million primarily in EMEA.
Operating Income (Loss)
Operating income for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $38 million compared to $70an operating loss of $89 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. Our operating results for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 as compared to the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20162018 reflect, among other things:
the impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy on December 15, 2017;
during the three months ended December 31, 2016, the Company recognized $49 million in advisory fees incurred to assist in the assessment of strategichigher revenue and financial alternatives to improve the Company’s capital structure;
operating results from the Networking businessgross profit for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016;2019, as described above;


higherlower restructuring charges for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017 primarily related to employee separation charges and lease termination agreements associated with vacated facilities particularly in Europe and the U.S.;2019;
athe favorable impact of foreign currencyadopting ASC 606 on our operating results;October 1, 2018; and
Operating income includes depreciationlower accrued incentive compensation and amortization of $53 million and non-cash share-based compensation of $1 million forsales commissions in the three months ended December 31, 2017 compared to depreciation and amortization of $90 million and non-cash share-based compensation of $2 million for the three months ended December 31, 2016.current year.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $23$58 million as compared to $174$47 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. The three months ended December 31, 2016 included non-cashincrease was due to interest expense of $61 million related toassociated with the accelerated amortization of debt issuance costs and accretion of debt discount. Our Bankruptcy Filing, which constituted an event of default under our Predecessor first lien obligations and Predecessor second lien obligations, accelerated the Company's payment obligations under those instruments. Consequently, all debt outstanding under our Predecessor first lien obligations and Predecessor second lien obligations were classified as liabilities subject to compromise and related unamortized deferred financing costs and debt discountsConvertible Notes issued in the amount of $61 million were expensed during the three months ended December 31, 2016. Effective January 19, 2017, the Company ceased recording interest expense on outstanding pre-petition debt classified as liabilities subject to compromise. Contractual interest expense represents amounts due under the contractual terms of outstanding debt, including debt subject to compromise. For the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017, contractual interest expense of $94 million has not been recorded, as it was not expected to be an allowed claim under the Bankruptcy Filing. Cash interest expense for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $23 million and $113 million, respectively, a decrease of $90 million.June 2018.
Other Income (Expense) Income,, Net
Other (expense) income, net for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 was $(4)$1 million as compared to $4other expense, net of $3 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018. Other income, net for the three months ended March 31, 2019 consisted of interest income of $4 million; a change in fair value of the warrants issued in accordance with the Plan of Reorganization to certain holders of the Predecessor second lien obligations pursuant to a warrant agreement ("Emergence Date Warrants") of $3 million; and other pension and post-retirement benefit credits of $2 million, partially offset by net foreign currency losses of $6 million and other, net of $2 million. Other expense, net for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017 includes other pension and post-retirement benefit costs of $7 million and2018 included a change in fair value of the Warrant liabilityEmergence Date Warrants of $5$10 million and net foreign currency losses of $3 million, partially offset by income from a transition services agreement entered into in connection with the sale of the Networking business to Extreme Transition Services Agreement(the "TSA") of $3 million, interest income of $2 million and foreign currency gains of $2 million. Other income, net for the three months ended December 31, 2016 includes net foreign currency gains of $11 million partially offset by$4 million; other pension and post-retirement benefit costscredits of $6$4 million; interest income of $1 million; and other, net of $1 million.
Beginning in fiscal 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2017-07, "Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Post-retirement Benefit Cost." This amendment requires that the service cost component be disaggregated from the other components of net benefit costs on the income statement. The service cost component is reported in the same line items as other compensation costs and the other components of net benefit costs are reported in Other (expense) income, net in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Changes to the Company's Condensed Financial Statements have been applied retrospectively. As a result, the Company reclassified $6 million of other pension and post-retirement benefit costs to Other (expense) income, net for the three months ended December 31, 2016. For the three months ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded $7 million of other pension and post-retirement benefit costs in Other (expense) income, net. See Note 3, "Recent Accounting Pronouncements - Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements," to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Reorganization Items, Net
Reorganization items, net for the three months ended December 31, 2017 was $3,416 million. Reorganization items, net consists of the net gain from the consummation of the Plan of Reorganization and the related settlement of liabilities. Reorganization items, net also represent amounts incurred subsequent to the Bankruptcy Filing as a direct result of the Bankruptcy Filing and is comprised of professional service fees, DIP Credit Agreement financing costs and contract rejection fees.
Provision for Income Taxes
The provision forbenefit from income taxes was $213$6 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 compared with a provision for income taxes of $3$9 million for the three months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016.2018.
ForThe Company's effective income tax rate for the Successor periodthree months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019 differed from the difference between the Company’s recorded provision and the benefit that would result from applying the new U.S. statutoryfederal tax rate of 24.5%, is primarily attributabledue to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits would not be realized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local income taxes, and (6) the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act.Act ("the Act") relating to Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI") and Foreign-Derived Intangible Income ("FDII"), (7) a limitation on the deductibility of interest expense under IRC Section 163(j), and (8) foreign tax credits.
ForThe Company's effective income tax rate for the Predecessor periodthree months ended December 15, 2017, the difference between the Company’s recorded provision and the provision that would resultMarch 31, 2018 differed from applying the U.S. statutoryfederal tax rate of 35% is primarily attributabledue to: (1) income and losses taxed


at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits would not be realized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local income taxes, (6) the impact of the Act relating to GILTI and FDII, and (7) foreign tax credits.
Net Loss
Net loss was $13 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to $130 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018, as a result of the items discussed above.
Six Months Ended March 31, 2019 Compared with the Six Months Ended March 31, 2018 Combined Results
Revenue
Revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $1,447 million compared to $1,424 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily driven by a lower impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy, which resulted in the recognition of deferred revenue at fair value and lower revenue in subsequent periods; the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($86 million); and incremental revenue from the Spoken acquisition. The increase was

partially offset by lower demand for the Company's unified communications and contact center products, which contributed to a decline in professional services revenue; a continued decline in maintenance services revenue; and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates. The lower demand for our products in prior periods also contributed, in part, to the decline in lower maintenance services revenue.
The following table displays revenue and the percentage of revenue to total sales by operating segment for the periods indicated:
           Percentage of Total Revenue    
  Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Successor Non-GAAP Combined   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact
(In millions) Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change 
Products & Solutions $615
 $394
  $253
 $647
 42 % 45 % (5)% (4)%
Services 847
 534
  351
 885
 59 % 62 % (4)% (3)%
Unallocated amounts (15) (108)  
 (108) (1)% (7)% 
(1) 

 
(1) 

Total revenue $1,447
 $820
  $604
 $1,424
 100 % 100 % 2 % 3 %
(1)
Not meaningful
Products & Solutions revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $615 million compared to $647 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily attributable to lower unified communications and contact center revenue and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($45 million) and incremental revenue from the Spoken acquisition.
Services revenue for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $847 million compared to $885 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to lower professional services revenue as a result of lower demand for the Company's unified communications and contact center products; a continued decline in maintenance services revenue; and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($41 million).
Unallocated amounts for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 represent the fair value adjustment to deferred revenue recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy and excluded from segment revenue.
The following table displays revenue and the percentage of revenue to total sales by location for the periods indicated:
          Percentage of Total Revenue    
 Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Successor Non-GAAP Combined   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact
(In millions)Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change 
U.S.$769
 $435
  $331
 $766
 53% 54% 0% 0%
International:                
Europe, Middle East and Africa387
 214
  166
 380
 27% 26% 2% 4%
Asia Pacific157
 97
  57
 154
 11% 11% 2% 5%
Americas International - Canada and Latin America134
 74
  50
 124
 9% 9% 8% 11%
Total International678
 385
  273
 658
 47% 46% 3% 6%
Total revenue$1,447
 $820
  $604
 $1,424
 100% 100% 2% 3%
Revenue in the U.S. for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $769 million compared to $766 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase in U.S. revenue was the result of a lower impact of applying fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy; the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($42 million); and incremental revenue from the Spoken acquisition. The increase was partially offset by lower demand for the Company's unified communications and contact center products which contributed to a decline in professional and maintenance services revenue. Revenue in EMEA for the six

months ended March 31, 2019 was $387 million compared to $380 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase in EMEA revenue was primarily attributable to the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($14 million) and a lower impact of fresh start accounting, partially offset by lower demand for our unified communications products and related professional services and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates. Revenue in APAC for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $157 million compared to $154 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase in APAC revenue was primarily attributable to the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($10 million), higher maintenance services revenue and a lower impact of fresh start accounting, partially offset by lower demand for our unified communications products and related professional services and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates. Revenue in Americas International for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $134 million compared to $124 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase in Americas International revenue was primarily attributable to the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 ($20 million) and a lower impact of fresh start accounting, partially offset by lower professional services and contact center and unified communications products revenue, and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates.
We sell our products and solutions both directly to end users and through an indirect sales channel. The following table provides a comparison of direct and indirect Products & Solutions revenue for the periods indicated:
           Percentage of Total
Products & Solutions Revenue
    
  Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Successor Non-GAAP Combined   Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change, net of Foreign Currency Impact
(In millions) Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
 Six months ended
March 31, 2018
 Six months ended
March 31, 2019
 Six months ended
March 31, 2018
 Yr. to Yr. Percentage Change 
Direct $186
 $116
  $80
 $196
 30% 30% (5)% (4)%
Indirect 429
 278
  173
 451
 70% 70% (5)% (4)%
Total Products & Solutions revenue $615
 $394
  $253
 $647
 100% 100% (5)% (4)%
Gross Profit
The following table sets forth gross profit and gross margin by operating segment for the periods indicated:
           Gross Margin    
  Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Successor Non-GAAP Combined Change
(In millions) Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Amount Percent
Products & Solutions $398
 $263
  $169
 $432
 64.7% 66.8% $(34) (8)%
Services 510
 325
  196
 521
 60.2% 58.9% (11) (2)%
Unallocated amounts (115) (187)  (3) (190) 
(1 
) 
 
(1) 

 75
 
(1) 

Total $793
 $401
  $362
 $763
 54.8% 53.6% $30
 4 %
(1)
Not meaningful
Gross profit for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $793 million compared to $763 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily driven by the increase in revenue described above, partially offset by amortization of technology intangibles with higher asset values due to the application of fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy; the unfavorable impact of costs recognized on an accelerated basis under ASC 606 ($22 million); and incremental amortization of technology intangibles acquired from the Spoken acquisition.
Products & Solutions gross profit for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $398 million compared to $432 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease was mainly attributable to the decline in revenue described above. Products & Solutions gross margin decreased from 66.8% to 64.7% in the six months ended March 31, 2019, mainly driven by unfavorable product mix.
Services gross profit for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $510 million compared to $521 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease was mainly due to the decline in revenue described above. Services gross margin increased from 58.9% to 60.2% in the six months ended March 31, 2019 mainly driven by cost savings related to the Company's restructuring programs.

Unallocated amounts for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 include the fair value adjustments recognized upon emergence from bankruptcy and excluded from segment gross profit; the effect of the amortization of technology intangibles; and costs that are not core to the measurement of segment performance, but rather are controlled at the corporate level.
Operating Expenses
The following table sets forth operating expenses and the percentage of operating expenses to total revenue for the periods indicated:
           Percentage of Total Revenue    
  Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Successor Non-GAAP Combined Change
(In millions) Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Six months ended March 31, 2018 Amount Percent
Selling, general and administrative $508
 $332
  $264
 $596
 35.0% 41.9% $(88) (15)%
Research and development 105
 59
  38
 97
 7.3% 6.8% 8
 8 %
Amortization of intangible assets 81
 47
  10
 57
 5.6% 4.0% 24
 42 %
Restructuring charges, net 11
 50
  14
 64
 0.8% 4.5% (53) (83)%
Total operating expenses $705
 $488
  $326
 $814
 48.7% 57.2% $(109) (13)%
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended March 31, 2019 were $508 million compared to $596 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily attributable to costs incurred in the prior year in connection with certain legal matters and advisory fees to assist in the assessment of strategic and financial alternatives to improve the Company's capital structure; lower accrued incentive compensation and sales commissions due to the Company's revenue performance; the favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates; and the favorable impact of capitalizing sales commissions in the current year due to the adoption of ASC 606 ($4 million). The decrease was partially offset by an increase in non-cash share-based compensation and a higher impact of fresh start accounting. The increase in share-based compensation was due to a longer amortization period for Successor Company stock awards included in the current year. Share-based compensation expense related to cancelled Predecessor Company stock awards was recorded within Reorganization items, net during the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor). The impact of applying fresh start accounting resulted in additional depreciation expense as property, plant and equipment was recorded at fair value, resulting in higher asset values.
Research and development expenses for the six months ended March 31, 2019 were $105 million compared to $97 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase was primarily attributable to investments in new product development and incremental expenses associated with the Spoken acquisition, partially offset by the favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates.
Amortization of intangible assets for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $81 million compared to $57 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The carrying value of intangible assets was adjusted upon the application of fresh start accounting, which resulted in higher asset values and an increase in amortization during the current year period.
Restructuring charges, net, for the six months ended March 31, 2019 were $11 million compared to $64 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. Restructuring charges during the six months ended March 31, 2019 consisted of employee separation costs of $10 million primarily associated with employee severance actions in the U.S., EMEA and Canada and lease obligations of $1 million primarily in the U.S. Restructuring charges during the six months ended March 31, 2018 included employee separation costs of $53 million primarily associated with employee severance actions in the EMEA and the U.S. and lease obligations of $11 million, primarily in the U.S. and EMEA.
Operating Income (Loss)
Operating income for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $88 million compared to an operating loss of $51 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. Our operating results for the six months ended March 31, 2019 as compared to the six months ended March 31, 2018 reflect, among other things:
higher revenue and gross profit for the six months ended March 31, 2019, as described above;
costs incurred in connection with certain legal matters of $37 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018;
lower restructuring charges for the six months ended March 31, 2019;

lower advisory fees incurred to assist in the assessment of strategic and financial alternatives to improve the Company’s capital structure during the six months ended March 31, 2019 of $13 million;
operating results from the Spoken acquisition completed in March 2018;
higher amortization of intangible assets due to the application of fresh start accounting upon emergence from bankruptcy;
the favorable impact of adopting ASC 606 on October 1, 2018; and
lower accrued incentive compensation and sales commissions in the current year.
Interest Expense
Interest expense for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $118 million compared to $70 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. For the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017, contractual interest expense of $94 million was not recorded, as it was not an allowed claim under the Company's bankruptcy filing. The decline in interest expense, when including the contractual interest expense of $94 million not recorded in the prior year period, was driven by lower average debt balances outstanding in the current year period as a result of the Company’s Plan of Reorganization upon emergence from bankruptcy.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income, net for the six months ended March 31, 2019 was $23 million as compared to other expense, net of $7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. Other income, net for the six months ended March 31, 2019 consisted of a change in fair value of the Emergence Date Warrants of $21 million; interest income of $7 million; and other pension and post-retirement benefit costs of $4 million, partially offset by net foreign currency losses of $7 million and other, net of $2 million. Other expense, net for the six months ended March 31, 2018 included a change in fair value of the Emergence Date Warrants of $15 million; other pension and post-retirement benefit costs of $3 million; and net foreign currency losses of $1 million, partially offset by income from the TSA of $7 million; interest income of $3 million; and other, net of $2 million.
Reorganization Items, Net
Reorganization items, net for the six months ended March 31, 2018 were $3,416 million and primarily consists of the net gain from the consummation of the Plan of Reorganization and the related settlement of liabilities. Reorganization items, net also represent amounts incurred subsequent to the Bankruptcy Filing as a direct result of the Bankruptcy Filing and are comprised of professional service fees and contract rejection fees.
Benefit from (Provision for) Income Taxes
The benefit from income taxes was $3 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 compared with a provision of $204 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018.
The Company's effective income tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2019 differed from the U.S. federal tax rate primarily due to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits would not be realized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local income taxes, (6) the impact of the Act relating to GILTI and FDII, (7) a limitation on the deductibility of interest expense under IRC Section 163(j), and (8) foreign tax credits.
The Company's effective income tax rate for the period from December 16, 2017 through March 31, 2018 (Successor) differed from the U.S. federal tax rate primarily due to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits would not be realized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local income taxes, (6) an increase in estimated current year tax loss, which is eliminated as part of the attribute reduction related to the cancellation of indebtedness income ("CODI"), and (7) the impact of the Act, which only affects the period from December 16, 2017 through March 31, 2018 (Successor).
The Company's effective income tax rate for the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor) differed from the U.S. federal tax rate primarily due to: (1) income and losses taxed at different foreign tax rates, (2) losses generated within certain foreign jurisdictions for which no benefit was recorded because it is more likely than not that the tax benefits would not be realized, (3) non-U.S. withholding taxes on foreign earnings, (4) current period changes to unrecognized tax positions, (5) U.S. state and local taxes, and (6) the impact of reorganization and fresh start adjustments.
The Company’s effective income tax rate for fiscal 2016 differs from the statutory U.S. Federal income tax rate primarily due to (1) the effect of tax rate differentials on foreign income/loss, (2) changes in the valuation allowance established against the Company’s deferred tax assets, and (3) tax positions taken during the current period offset by reductions for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from the lapse of statute of limitations.
Net (Loss) Income (Loss)
Net incomeloss was $3,214$4 million for the threesix months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 compared to a net lossincome of $103$3,084 million for the threesix months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016,2018, with the decline primarily due todriven by the reorganization gain of $3,416 million in the prior year period resulting from our emergence from bankruptcy.bankruptcy and the items discussed above.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We expect our existing cash balances,balance, cash generated by operations and borrowings available under our ABL Credit Agreement to be our primary sources of short-term liquidity. Based on our current level of operations, we believe these sources will be adequate to meet our liquidity needs for at least the next twelve months. Our ability to meet our cash requirements will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future, which is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control. However, there can be no assurance thatBased on our business will generate sufficient cash flow fromcurrent level of operations, or that future borrowingswe believe these sources will be availableadequate to us undermeet our credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to repay our indebtedness, or to fund our other liquidity needs.
Sources and Uses of Cash
The following reflectsneeds for at least the net cash payments recorded as of the Emergence Date as a result of implementing the Plan of Reorganization:
(In millions) 
Sources: 
Proceeds from Term Loan Credit Agreement, net of original issue discount$2,896
Release of restricted cash76
Total sources of cash2,972
Uses: 
Repayment of DIP Credit Agreement(725)
Payment of DIP accrued interest(1)
Cash paid to Predecessor first lien debt-holders(2,061)
Cash paid to PBGC(340)
Payment for professional fees escrow account(56)
Funding payment for Avaya represented employee pension plan(49)
Payment of accrued professional & administrative fees(27)
Payments of debt issuance costs(59)
Payment for general unsecured claims(58)
Total uses of cash(3,376)
Net uses of cash$(404)


next twelve months.
Cash Flow Activity
The following table provides a summary of the condensed statements of cash flows for the periods indicated:
  Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined Predecessor
(In millions) Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016
Net cash provided by (used for):         
Net income (loss) $237
  $2,977
 3,214
 $(103)
Adjustments to net income (loss) for non-cash items (225)  (3,410) (3,635) 141
Changes in operating assets and liabilities 54
  (7) 47
 (82)
Operating activities 66
  (440) (374) (44)
Investing activities 8
  8
 16
 (15)
Financing activities 
  (102) (102) (57)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 3
  (2) 1
 (11)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 77
  (536) (459) (127)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 340
  876
 876
 336
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $417
  $340
 417
 $209
  Successor  Predecessor Non-GAAP Combined
(In millions) Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
 Six months ended March 31, 2018
Net cash provided by (used for):         
Operating activities $123
 $94
  $(414) $(320)
Investing activities (48) (175)  (13) (188)
Financing activities (39) (11)  (102) (113)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (1) 9
  (2) 7
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash 35
 (83)  (531) (614)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period 704
 435
  966
 966
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period $739
 $352
  $435
 $352
Operating Activities
Cash (used for) operating activities was $(374) million and $(44) million for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used for) operations for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 were $(3,635) million and $141 million, respectively. The adjustments in the current period primarily consisted of the gain related to fresh start accounting of $1,671 million, a non-cash reorganization gain of $1,804 million and cash payments to the PBGC, for general unsecured creditor claims and to the APP pension trust of $340 million, $58 million and $49 million, respectively. For the three months ended December 31, 2017, other adjustments included deferred income taxes of $210 million, depreciation and amortization of $53 million, unrealized gain on foreign currency exchange of $4 million, and share-based compensation of $1 million. For the three months ended December 31, 2016, other adjustments included depreciation and amortization of $90 million, non-cash interest expense of $61 million, unrealized gain on foreign currency exchange of $8 million, share-based compensation of $2 million and deferred income taxes of $(1) million.
During the three months ended December 31, 2017, changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in a net increase in cash and cash equivalents of $47 million. The net increase was driven by increases in deferred revenue and the timing of payments to our vendors, partially offset by timing of collection of accounts receivable and payments associated with our business restructuring reserves established in previous periods.
During the three months ended December 31, 2016, changes in our operating assets and liabilities resulted in a net decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $(82) million. The net decreases were driven by payments associated with the timing of payments to vendors, our employee incentive programs, and business restructuring reserves. These decreases were partially offset by collection of accounts receivable, increases in accrued interest, increases in deferred revenues and lower inventory.
Investing Activities
Cash provided by (used for) operating activities was $123 million and ($320) million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The change between the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was primarily due to payments made during the six months ended March 31, 2018 related to the Company's reorganization and emergence from bankruptcy, which included payments to the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ($340 million), general unsecured creditor claims ($58 million) and the Avaya Pension Plan trust ($49 million); lower restructuring payments; lower advisory fees to assist in the assessment of strategic and financial alternatives to improve the Company's capital structure; and the timing of vendor and customer payments. These lower payments were partially offset by higher interest and pension and other post-retirement benefits due to the cessation of such payments in January 2017 during the bankruptcy process; higher income tax payments; and increases in inventory.
Investing Activities
Cash used for investing activities for the threesix months ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 and 20162018 was $16$48 million and $(15)$188 million, respectively. DuringThe decrease was primarily due to cash paid for the three months ended December 31, 2017, cash provided by investing activities includedSpoken acquisition of $158 million in the release of restricted cash of $21 million as a result of implementing the Plan of Reorganization,prior year period, partially offset by higher capital expenditures of $15 million. During the three months ended December 31, 2016, cash used for investing activities included capital expenditures of $14 million and acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired of $4 million, as we continue to enhance our technology portfolio.


IT-related projects.
Financing Activities
Cash used for financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 was $102$39 million and $57$113 million, for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Cash flows from financing activities for the three months ended December 31, 2017 included proceeds of $2,896 million from the Term Loan Credit Agreement, offset by repayments of the DIP Credit Agreement of $725 million and the first lien debt holders of $2,061 million.
Cash used for financing activities for the threesix months ended DecemberMarch 31, 2016 included $45 million of repayments in excess of borrowings under our revolving credit facilities, $6 million of 2019 included:
scheduled debt repayments and $5 million repaymentunder the Term Loan Credit Agreement of $15 million;
payment of contingent consideration related to the Spoken acquisition of $9 million;

repayments in connection with financing the use of equipment for the performance of services under our agreement with HP Enterprise Services, LLC ("HP"). of $8 million; and
Credit Facilitiesother financing activities, net of $7 million.
See Note 9, “Financing Arrangements,”Cash used for financing activities for the six months ended March 31, 2018 included:
repayments to the Predecessor Company first lien debt holders of $2,061 million;
repayment of the Predecessor Company debtor-in-possession credit agreement of $725 million;
adequate protection payments related to the bankruptcy of $118 million;
payment of debt issuance costs of $97 million; and
repayments in connection with financing the use of equipment for the performance of services under our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussionagreement with HP of our$8 million, partially offset by
proceeds of $2,896 million from the Term Loan Credit Agreement and ABL Credit Agreement. entered into on the Emergence Date.
As of DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019, the Company was not in default under any of its debt agreements.
Future Cash Requirements
Our primary future cash requirements will be to fund debt service, restructuring payments, capital expenditures, and benefit obligations. In addition, we may use cash in the future to make strategic acquisitions.
Specifically, we expect our primary cash requirements for the remainder of fiscal 20182019 to be as follows:
Debt service—We expect to make payments of $160approximately $129 million during the remainder of fiscal 20182019 in principal and interest associated with the Term Loan Credit Agreement, and interest and fees associated with our ABL Credit Agreement.Agreement and 2.25% Convertible Notes due 2023. In the ordinary course of business, we may from time to time borrow and repay amounts under our ABL Credit Agreement.
Restructuring payments—We expect to make payments of approximately $25$18 million to $30$22 million during the remainder of fiscal 20182019 for employee separation costs and lease termination obligations associated with restructuring actions we have taken through DecemberMarch 31, 2017 and additional actions we may take in fiscal 2018.2019. The Company continues to evaluate opportunities to streamline its operations and identify additional cost savings globally.
Capital expenditures—We expect to spend approximately $50$48 million to $60$58 million for capital expenditures and capitalized software development costs during the remainder of fiscal 2018.2019.
Benefit obligationsobligations—We estimate we will make payments in respect ofunder our pension and post-retirement benefit obligations totaling $80$25 million during the remainder of fiscal 2018.2019. These payments include $43include: $9 million forto satisfy the Avaya Pension Plan for represented employees; $24minimum statutory funding requirements of our U.S. qualified pension plans; $9 million for our non-U.S. benefit plans, which are predominatelypredominantly not pre-funded; $1 million for our U.S. retiree medical benefit plan, which is not pre-funded and $12$7 million for represented retiree post-retirement health trusts.benefits. See discussion in Note 13, “Benefit Obligations”12, "Benefit Obligations," to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details of our benefit obligations.
Acquisitions—The acquisition of Spoken Communications is expected to close within the next two months and be funded by cash on hand, however the ultimate purchase price and certain other terms are subject to further negotiation.details.
In addition to the matters identified above, in the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in litigation, claims, government inquiries, investigations and proceedings, including but not limited to those identified in Note 20,19, "Commitments and Contingencies," to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, relating to intellectual property, commercial, employment, environmental and regulatory matters.
matters, which may require us to make cash payments. These and other legal matters could have a material adverse effect on the manner in which the Company does business and the Company's financial position, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.
For During the threesix months ended March 31, 2019 (Successor) and the period from December 16, 2017 through March 31, 2017, the Company recognized $37 million of2018 (Successor), there were no costs incurred in connection with the resolution of certain legal matters.matters other than those incurred in the ordinary course of business. During the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 (Predecessor), costs incurred in connection with the resolution of certain legal matters was $37 million.
We and our subsidiaries and affiliates may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding equity (common stock and warrants) and/or debt (including publicly issued debt) through cash purchases and/or exchanges, in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, tender offers or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. 
Future Sources of Liquidity
We expect our cash balances,balance, cash generated by operations and borrowings available under our ABL Credit Agreement to be our primary sources of short-term liquidity.



As of DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 and September 30, 2017,2018, our cash and cash equivalent balances held outside the U.S. were $149$154 million and $246$169 million, respectively. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019, cash and cash equivalents held outside the U.S. in excess of in-country needs and, which could not be distributed to the U.S. without restriction, were not material.
Under the terms of the ABL Credit Agreement, the Company can issue letters of credit up to $150 million. At DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019, the Company had issued and outstanding letters of credit and guarantees of $74 million.$46 million and had no other borrowings outstanding under the ABL. The aggregate additional principal amount that may be borrowed under the ABL Credit Agreement, based on the borrowing base less $74$46 million of outstanding letters of credit and guarantees, was $139$142 million at DecemberMarch 31, 2017.2019.
We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents of $417$735 million as of DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019, future cash provided by operating activities and borrowings available under the ABL Credit Agreement will be sufficient to meet our future cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. Our ability to meet these requirements will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future, which is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
See discussion in Note 20, “Commitments19, "Commitments and Contingencies," to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.
Debt Ratings
OnAs of March 31, 2019, the Emergence Date, the Company obtainedCompany's debt ratings from were as follows:
Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”), Standard and Poor's ("S&P") and Fitch Ratings Inc. (“Fitch”). Moody’s issued a corporate family rating of “B2”"B2" with a stable outlook and a rating of the 7-year $2,925 million Term Loan Credit Agreement of “B2”. S&P"B2";
Standard and Poor's issued a definitive corporate credit rating of "B" with a stable outlook and a rating of the Term Loan Credit Agreement of "B". ; and
Fitch Ratings Inc. issued a Long-Term Issuer Default Rating of “B”"B" with a stable outlook and a rating of the Term Loan Credit Agreement of “B+”"BB-".
Our ability to obtain additional external financing and the related cost of borrowing may be affected by our ratings, which are periodically reviewed by the major credit rating agencies. The ratings are subject to change or withdrawal at any time by the respective credit rating agencies.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Management has reassessed the critical accounting policies as disclosed in our Registration StatementAnnual Report on Form 10 Amendment No. 310-K filed with the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission on January 10,December 21, 2018 and determined that there were no significant changes to our critical accounting policies for the period from December 16, 2017 through Decembersix months ended March 31, 2017 and the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017,2019, except for recently adopted accounting policy changes as discussed in Note 2, “Accounting Policy Changes,”the Notes to our unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
New Accounting Pronouncements
See discussion in the Company's NotesNote 2, "Recent Accounting Pronouncements," to theour unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2017, included in Amendment No. 3 to the Company’s Form 10 filed with the SEC on January 10, 2018, for further details.


EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA
EBITDA is defined as net income (loss) before income taxes, interest expense, interest income and depreciation and amortization and excludes the results of discontinued operations. EBITDA provides us with a measure of operating performance that excludes items that are outside the control of management,certain non-operating and/or non-cash expenses, which can differ significantly from company to company depending on capital structure, the tax jurisdictions in which companies operate and capital investments.
Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA as further adjusted by the items noted in the reconciliation table below. We believe Adjusted EBITDA measuresprovides a measure of our financial performance based on operational factors that management can impact in the short-term, such as our pricing strategies, volume, costs and expenses of the organization, and ittherefore presents our financial performance in a way that can be more easily compared to prior quarters or fiscal years. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA serves as a basis for determining certain management and employee compensation. We also present EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA because we believe analysts and investors utilize these measures in analyzing our results. Under the Company's debt agreements, the ability to engage in activities such as incurring additional indebtedness, making investments and paying dividends is tied in part to ratios based on a measure of Adjusted EBITDA.
EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA have limitations as analytical tools. EBITDA measures do not represent net income (loss) or cash flow from operations as those terms are defined by GAAP and do not necessarily indicate whether cash flows will be

sufficient to fund cash needs. While EBITDA measures are frequently used as measures of operations and the ability to meet debt service requirements, these terms are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled captions of other companies due to the potential inconsistencies in the method of calculation. Generally,Further, Adjusted EBITDA excludes the impact of earnings or charges resulting from matters that we consider not to be indicative of our ongoing operations.operations but could be substantial. In particular, our formulation of Adjusted EBITDA allows adjustmentadjusts for certain amounts that are included in calculating net income (loss) as set forth in the following table including, but not limited to, restructuring charges, impairment charges, certain fees payable to our Predecessor private equity sponsors and other advisors, resolution of certain legal matters and a portion of our pension costs and post-employmentpost-retirement benefits costs, which represents the amortization of pension service costs and actuarial gain (loss) associated with these benefits. However, these are expenses that may recur, may vary and areand/or may be difficult to predict.
The unaudited reconciliation of net (loss) income, (loss), which is a GAAP measure, to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, which are non-GAAP measures, is presented below for the periods indicated, is presented below: indicated:
Successor  Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
(In millions)Period from December 16, 2017 through December 31, 2017  Period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017 Three months ended December 31, 2016 Three months ended March 31, 2019 Three months ended March 31, 2018 Six months ended March 31, 2019 Period from December 16, 2017
through
March 31, 2018
  Period from
October 1, 2017
through
December 15, 2017
Net income (loss)$237
  $2,977
 $(103)
Net (loss) income $(13) $(130) $(4) $107
  $2,977
Interest expense (a)
9
  14
 174
(a) 58
 47
 118
 56
  14
Interest income
  (2) 
 (4) (1) (7) (1)  (2)
(Benefit from) provision for income taxes(246)  459
 3
 (6) (9) (3) (255)  459
Depreciation and amortization22
  31
 90
 108
 123
 225
 145
  31
EBITDA22
  3,479
 164
 143
 30
 329
 52
  3,479
Impact of fresh start accounting adjustments (b)
27
  
 
(b) 6
 86
 9
 113
  
Restructuring charges, net10
  14
 10
 4
 40
 11
 50
  14
Sponsors’ and other advisory fees (c)
8
  3
 51
Advisory fees(c) 1
 4
 2
 12
  3
Acquisition-related costs 4
 7
 7
 7
  
Reorganization items, net
  (3,416) 
 
 
 
 
  (3,416)
Non-cash share-based compensation1
  
 2
 5
 5
 11
 6
  
Loss on disposal of long-lived assets
  1
 
Resolution of certain legal matters (d)

  37
 
Change in fair value of warrant liability5
  
 
Gain on foreign currency transactions(2)  
 (11)
Pension/OPEB/nonretirement postemployment benefits and long-term disability costs (e)

  17
 21
Other
  
 1
Loss on sale/disposal of long-lived assets, net 
 2
 
 2
  1
Resolution of certain legal matters(d) 
 
 
 
  37
Change in fair value of Emergence Date Warrants (3) 10
 (21) 15
  
Loss on foreign currency transactions 6
 3
 7
 1
  
Pension/OPEB/nonretirement postemployment benefits and long-term disability costs(e) 
 
 
 
  17
Adjusted EBITDA$71
  $135
 $238
 $166
 $187
 $355
 $258
  $135
(a) 
Effective January 19, 2017, the Company ceased recording interest expense on outstanding pre-petition debt classified as liabilities subject to compromise. Contractual interest expense represents amounts due under the contractual terms of outstanding debt, including debt subject to compromise. For the period from October 1, 2017 through December 15, 2017, contractual interest expense related to debt subject to compromise of $94 million hashad not been recorded as interest expense, as it was not expected to be an allowed claim under the Bankruptcy Filing.
(b) 
The impact of fresh start accounting adjustments in connection with the Company's emergence from bankruptcy.
(c) 
Sponsors’ fees represent monitoring fees payable to affiliates of two private equity firms, Silver Lake Partners (“Silver Lake”) and TPG Capital (“TPG”, together with Silver Lake, the “Sponsors”) that each had an ownership interest in the Predecessor Company and their designees pursuant to a management services agreement. Upon emergence, the Company no longer has affiliations with the Sponsors. Other advisoryAdvisory fees represent costs incurred to assist in the assessment of strategic and financial alternatives to improve the Company's capital structure.
(d) 
Costs in connection with the resolution of certain legal matters includesinclude reserves and settlements, as well as associated legal costs.
(e) 
Represents that portion of our pension and post-employmentpost-retirement benefit costs which represent the amortization of prior service costs and net actuarial gain (loss) associated with these benefits.


CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements in this quarterly report,Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements containing words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “target,” “can,” “could,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would”"anticipate," "believe," "estimate" "expect," "intend," "plan," "project," "target," "model," "can," "could," "may," "should," "will," "would" or similar words or the negative thereof, constitute “forward-looking"forward-looking statements." These forward-looking statements, which are based on our current plans, expectations, estimates and projections about future events, should not be unduly relied upon. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance and achievements to materially differ from any future results, performance and achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We caution you therefore against relying on any of these forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements included herein are based upon our assumptions, estimates and beliefs and involve judgments with respect to, among other things, future economic, competitive and market conditions and future business decisions, all of which are difficult or impossible to predict accurately and many of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements and may be affected by a variety of risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.  Some of the keyRisks, uncertainties and other factors that couldmay cause actual resultsthese forward-looking statements to differ from our expectations include:
we face formidable competition from providers of unified communications and contact center products and related services;
market opportunity for business communications products and services may not develop inbe inaccurate include, among others: the waysannouncement that we anticipate;
our ability to rely on our indirect sales channel;
our products and services may fail to keep pace with rapidly changing technology and evolving industry standards;
we rely on third-party contract manufacturers and component suppliers, some of which are sole source and limited source suppliers, as well as warehousing and distribution logistics providers;
recently completed bankruptcy proceedings may adversely affect our operations in the future;
our actual financial results may vary significantly from the financial projections filed with the Bankruptcy Court;
our historical financial information may not be indicative of our future financial performance;
our quarterly and annual revenues and operating results have historically fluctuated and the results of one period may not provide a reliable indicator of our future performance;
operational and logistical challenges as well as changes in economic or political conditions, in a specific country or region;
our revenues are dependent on general economic conditions and the willingness of enterprises to invest in technology;
the potential that we may not be able to protect our proprietary rights or that those rights may be invalidated or circumvented;
certain software we use is from open source code sources, which, under certain circumstances, may lead to unintended consequences;
changes in our tax rates, the adoption of new U.S. or international tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities;
cancellation of indebtedness income is expected to result in material reductions in, or elimination of, tax attributes;
tax examinations and audits;
fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;
business communications products are complex, and design defects, errors, failures or “bugs” may be difficult to detect and correct;
if we are unable to integrate acquired businesses effectively;
failure to realize the benefits we expect from our cost-reduction initiatives;
liabilities incurred as a result of our obligation to indemnify, and to share certain liabilities with, Lucent Technologies, Inc. ("Lucent") (now Nokia Corporation) in connection with our spin-off from Lucent in September 2000;
transfers or issuances of our equity may impair or reduce our ability to utilize our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes in the future;
our ability to retain and attract key personnel;


our ability to establish and maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting;
if we do not adequately remediate our material weaknesses, or if we experience additional material weaknesses in the future;
potential litigation in connection with our emergence from bankruptcy;
breach of the security of our information systems, products or services or of the information systems of our third-party providers;
business interruptions, whether due to catastrophic disasters or other events;
claims that were not discharged in the Plan of Reorganization could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and profitability;
potential litigation and infringement claims, which could cause us to incur significant expenses or prevent us from selling our products or services;
the composition of our board of directors has changed significantly;
weis exploring strategic alternatives and the potential impact of such announcement on our current or potential customers, partners or personnel; the cost of such exploration and the disruption it may have entered into many related party transactions with a significant numberon our operations, including diverting the attention of our foreign subsidiaries, which could adversely affect us in the event of their bankruptcy or similar insolvency proceeding;management and
environmental, health and safety, laws, regulations, costs employees; and other liabilities.risks and factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" and Part II, Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on December 21, 2018.
Any of the assumptions underlying forward-looking statements could be inaccurate. All forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this quarterly reportQuarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the risk that actual results will differ materially from the expectations expressed in this quarterly reportQuarterly Report will increase with the passage of time. Except as otherwise required by the federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date of this quarterly report,Quarterly Report, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or any other reason. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in the forward-looking statements included in this quarterly report,Quarterly Report, the inclusion of such forward-looking statements should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the objectives and plans set forth in this quarterly reportQuarterly Report will be achieved.
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.Risk
Interest Rate Risk
The Company has exposure to changing interest rates primarily under the Term Loan Credit Agreement and ABL Credit Agreement, each of which bearbears interest at variable rates based on LIBOR. The Company had $2,888 million of variable rate loans outstanding as of March 31, 2019.
On May 16, 2018, the Company entered into interest rate swap agreements with six counterparties, which fixed a portion of the variable interest due under its Term Loan Credit Agreement (the "Swap Agreements"). Under the terms of the Swap Agreements, which mature on December 15, 2022, the Company pays a fixed rate of 2.935% and receives a variable rate of interest based on one-month LIBOR. As of DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019, the total notional amount of the six Swap Agreements was $1,800 million.
It is management’s intention that the notional amount of the Swap Agreements be less than the variable rate loans outstanding during the life of the derivatives. For the six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recognized a 25 bps increaseloss on its hedge contracts of $5 million, which is reflected in LIBORInterest expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. At March 31, 2019, the fair value of the outstanding Swap Agreements was a deferred loss of $46 million. Based on the payment dates of the contracts, $10 million and $36 million was recorded in Other current liabilities and Other liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively. On an annual basis, a hypothetical one percent change in interest rates for the $1,088 million of unhedged variable rate debt as of March 31, 2019 would result in a $7 million increase in our annualaffect interest expense by approximately $11 million.
Foreign Currency Risk
Foreign currency risk is the potential change in value, income and cash flow arising from adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Each of our non-U.S. ("foreign") operations maintains capital in the currency of the country of its geographic location consistent with local regulatory guidelines. Each foreign operation may conduct business in its local currency, as well as the currency of other countries in which it operates. The primary foreign currency exposures for these foreign operations are Euros, Canadian Dollars, British Pound Sterling, Chinese Renminbi, Indian Rupee, Australian Dollars, and Brazilian Real.

Non-U.S. denominated revenue was $161 million and $319 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, respectively. We estimate a 25bps decrease10% change in LIBORthe value of the U.S. dollar relative to all foreign currencies would affect our revenue for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019 by $16 million and $32 million, respectively.
The Company, from time-to-time, utilizes foreign currency forward contracts primarily to hedge fluctuations associated with certain monetary assets and liabilities including receivables, payables and certain intercompany obligations. These foreign currency forward contracts are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. As a result, changes in the fair value of these contracts are recorded as a $7component of Other income (expense), net to offset the change in the value of the underlying assets and liabilities. As of March 31, 2019, the Company maintained open foreign exchange contracts with a total notional value of $87 million, decreasehedging British Pounds Sterling, Czech Koruna, Australian Dollars and Hungarian Forint. At March 31, 2019, the fair value of the open foreign exchange contracts was $1 million and recorded in our annual interest expense.Other current liabilities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. For the six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company's recognized loss on open foreign exchange contracts was offset by gains on foreign exchange contracts that settled during the period.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures.Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, management, under the supervision and with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.)amended). Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of DecemberMarch 31, 2017,2019 solely because of the material weaknesses in the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting described below.
Material Weaknesses in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Existing as of March 31, 2019
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the Company'sCompany’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.
The Company identified a material weakness in connection with the preparation of the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2018 related to the reconciliation of cash and accounts receivable upon the adoption of fresh start accounting. Specifically, the Company’s internal controls with respect to the mid-month reconciliation of cash receipts and accounts receivable, which were required in connection with the adoption of fresh start accounting in accordance with GAAP, did not operate effectively to record certain cash receipts that were received on December 15, 2017, the date the Company emerged from bankruptcy. This internal control deficiency resulted in an adjustment in the financial statements of the Company’s cash and accounts receivable as of December 15, 2017, the Company’s cash flow statements, and the revision of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the predecessor period ended December 15, 2017 and the successor period ended December 31, 2017.
In connection with the preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the successor period from December 16, 2017 through September 30, 2018, the Company identified an additional material weakness in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting related to the review of certain journal entries. Specifically, the Company did not maintain effective controls to ensure that there was appropriate segregation of duties related to recording journal entries. This material weakness did not result in a misstatement.
Each of the above material weaknesses could result in a misstatement of the aforementioned account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected.
Notwithstanding the material weaknesses identified above, management believes the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as included in Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly represent, in all material respects, the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weaknesses Existing as of March 31, 2019
Management has implemented a remediation plan to address the control deficiencies that led to the material weaknesses referenced above. The remediation plan includes the following:
Providing additional training for employees involved in the cash and accounts receivable reconciliation processes, as well as certain other reconciliation processes, and supplement existing reviewers with higher skilled resources.
Implementing changes to posting rights and responsibilities to eliminate segregation of duties conflicts.

Providing additional training so that appropriate segregation of duties related to recording journal entries is achieved and performed on a timely basis as designed.
Remediation of Previously Reported Material Weaknesses
In connection with the preparation of the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for the quarter ended June 30, 2017, the Company identified the following control deficiencies that constituted material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting. Specifically, the Company did not maintain thereporting:
The appropriate complement of resources in its tax department commensurate with the volume and complexity of accounting for income taxes subsequent to the Company’s Bankruptcy Filing. This material weaknessFiling were not maintained, which contributed to the following control deficiencies, each of which are individually considered to be material weaknesses, relating to the completeness and accuracy of the Company’s accounting for income taxes, including the related tax assets and liabilities:


Control activities over the completeness and accuracy of interim forecasts by tax jurisdiction used in accounting for the Company’s interim income tax provision were not performed at the appropriate level of precision. This control deficiency resulted in an adjustment to the Company’s income tax provision for the quarter ended June 30, 2017.
Control activities over the completeness and accuracy of the allocation of the tax provision calculations (the “intraperiod allocation”) were insufficient to ensure that the intraperiod allocation balances were accurately determined. This control deficiency resulted in an adjustment
Management took the following steps to the Company’s income tax provision for the quarter ended June 30, 2017.
These control deficiencies resulted inremediate these material adjustments to our income tax provision for the quarter ended June 30, 2017. These adjustments were detectedweaknesses and corrected prior to the release of the related financial statements. However, the existence of these control deficiencies could result in misstatement of the aforementioned accounts and disclosures in the future that could result in a material misstatement of the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected. Accordingly, our management has determinedconcluded that these control deficiencies constitute material weaknesses.
Plan for Remediation
Management has begun implementing a remediation plan to address the control deficiencies that led to the material weaknesses referenced above. The remediation plan includes the following:were remediated as of March 31, 2019:
ImplementingImplemented specific additional review procedures over the income tax provision calculations for interim quarters to ensure that the results of such calculations are not inconsistent with the actual results and trends being observed in the business. The deficiency, and the related remediation, applies only to interim quarters in which the income tax provision is based on forecast results for the year. The controls and processes related to the income tax provision for our fiscal year-end are not affected as they are based on actual results for the year.
HiringHired additional personnel, including a Vice President of Tax, with the appropriate experience and technical expertise in income taxes.
Notwithstanding the identified material weaknesses, management believes the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as included in Part I of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly represent, in all material respects, the Company's financial condition, results of operations and cash flows as of and for the periods presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
Changes inIn Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There werehave been no changes in the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) during the most recent fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company'sCompany’s internal control over financial reporting.



PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.Legal Proceedings.Proceedings
The information included inset forth under Note 20, “Commitments19, "Commitments and Contingencies," to the unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A.Risk Factors.Factors
There have been no material changes during the quarterly period ended DecemberMarch 31, 20172019 to the risk factors previously disclosed in the Company’s Registration Statement onCompany's Form 10 Amendment No. 310-K filed with the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission on January 10, 2018.December 21, 2018 other than as shown below:
The United Kingdom’s withdrawal from the EU may adversely impact our operations in the United Kingdom and elsewhere.
In June 2016, voters in the United Kingdom approved an advisory referendum to withdraw from the EU, commonly referred to as "Brexit".  The political and economic instability created by the Brexit vote has caused and may continue to cause significant volatility in global financial markets and the value of the Pound Sterling currency and other currencies, including the Euro. Depending on the terms reached regarding the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU, it is possible that there may be adverse practical and/or operational implications on our business.
Currently, the most immediate impact may be to the relevant regulatory regimes under which our United Kingdom subsidiaries operate, including the offering of communications services, as well as data privacy. Since the vote to withdraw from the EU, negotiations and arrangements between the United Kingdom, the EU and other countries outside of the EU have been, and will continue to be, complex and time consuming. The potential withdrawal could adversely impact our United Kingdom subsidiaries and add operational complexities that did not previously exist.
The timing of the proposed exit was recently extended and is now scheduled for October 31, 2019, with a transition period running through December 2020. However, the impact on regulatory regimes remains uncertain. At this time, we cannot predict the impact that an actual exit from the EU will have on our business generally and our United Kingdom subsidiaries more specifically, and no assurance can be given that our operating results, financial condition and prospects would not be adversely impacted by the result.
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.Proceeds
None.Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table provides information with respect to purchases by the Company of shares of common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2019:
  Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
  (a) (b) (c) (d)
Period 
Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased(1)
 Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit) Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs 
Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) That May Yet Be Purchased Under Plans or Programs(2)
January 1 - 31, 2019 
 $
 
 $15,000,000
February 1 - 28, 2019 
 $
 
 15,000,000
March 1 - 31, 2019 10,361
 $14.6940
 
 15,000,000
Total 10,361
 $14.6940
 
 $15,000,000
(1) Represents shares of common stock withheld for taxes on restricted stock units that vested.
(2) On November 14, 2018, the Company's Board of Directors approved a warrant repurchase program, authorizing the Company to repurchase the Company’s outstanding warrants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock for an aggregate expenditure of up to $15 million. The repurchases may be made from time to time in the open market, through block trades or in privately negotiated transactions.
Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities.Securities
Not Applicable.None.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures.Disclosures
Not Applicable.applicable.
Item 5.Other Information.Information
None.




Item 6.Exhibits.Exhibits



SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 
AVAYA HOLDINGS CORP.
AVAYA HOLDINGS CORP.
  
 By:
/s/ L. DAVID DELL'ELLOsso'OSSO
 Name:
L. David Dell'Osso
Title:Vice President Corporate Controller & Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

March 2, 2018May 13, 2019


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