UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

_______________________________________________

FORM 10-Q


(Mark One)
☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 001-34385

Invesco Mortgage Capital Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Maryland

26-2749336

(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

1555 Peachtree Street, N.E., Suite 1800,

Atlanta,

Georgia

30309

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)

(Zip Code)

(404) 892-0896

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share

IVR

New York Stock Exchange

7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock

IVRpA

New York Stock Exchange

7.75% Fixed-to-Floating Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock

IVRpB

New York Stock Exchange

7.50% Fixed-to-Floating Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock

IVRpC

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-Accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~May~~July 31, 2020, there were ~~164,966,357~~181,327,368 outstanding shares of common stock of Invesco Mortgage Capital Inc.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Explanatory Note~~

As previously disclosed in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on April 17, 2020, filing of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 (this “Quarterly Report”) was delayed due to disruptions in the Company’s day-to-day activities caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The original filing deadline for this Quarterly Report was May 11, 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic caused the Company’s support personnel to work from home and resulted in delays in receiving information from the Compan~~y's custodian~~ and various counterparties and clearing certain sales trades between the Company and third parties. The Company is relying on the SEC’s Order Under Section 36 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Release Nos. 34-88318 and 34-88465), to file this Quarterly Report within the 45-day time frame provided by the extension, on or before June 25, 2020.

Table of Contents

INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION			1

Item 1.	Financial Statements	1

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019	1

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019	2

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019	3

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, ~~2020~~2020; June 30, 2020; March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019	4

	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019	56

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	67

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	3534

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	6157

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	6560

PART II OTHER INFORMATION			6661

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	6661

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	6661

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	6964

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	6964

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	6964

Item 5.	Other Information	6964

Item 6.	Exhibits	7166

Table of Contents

PART I

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)


		As of					As of
$ in thousands except share amounts	$ in thousands except share amounts	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	$ in thousands except share amounts	June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, at fair value (including pledged securities of $7,485,083 and $21,132,742 respectively)		8,044,808	21,771,786
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, at fair value (including pledged securities of $1,070,928 and $21,132,742, respectively)				Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, at fair value (including pledged securities of $1,070,928 and $21,132,742, respectively)	1,584,158		21,771,786
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	143,291	172,507	Cash and cash equivalents	270,161		172,507
Restricted cash	Restricted cash	221,688	116,995	Restricted cash	1,409		116,995
Due from counterparties	Due from counterparties	394,424	32,568	Due from counterparties	—		32,568
Investment related receivable (including pledged securities of $534,524 as of March 31, 2020)		832,043	67,976
Investment related receivable				Investment related receivable	14,232		67,976
Derivative assets, at fair value	Derivative assets, at fair value	—	18,533	Derivative assets, at fair value	—		18,533
Other assets (including pledged security of $21,577 and $44,654, respectively)		140,993	166,180
Other assets (including pledged security of $44,654 as of December 31, 2019)				Other assets (including pledged security of $44,654 as of December 31, 2019)	79,512		166,180
Total assets	Total assets	9,777,247	22,346,545	Total assets	1,949,472		22,346,545
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY			LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Liabilities:	Liabilities:			Liabilities:
Repurchase agreements	Repurchase agreements	6,287,746	17,532,303	Repurchase agreements	—		17,532,303
Secured loans	Secured loans	1,350,000	1,650,000	Secured loans	740,000		1,650,000
Derivative liabilities, at fair value	Derivative liabilities, at fair value	302	352	Derivative liabilities, at fair value	507		352
Dividends payable	Dividends payable	93,590	74,841	Dividends payable	6,339		74,841
Investment related payable	Investment related payable	560,807	99,561	Investment related payable	31,500		99,561
Accrued interest payable	Accrued interest payable	8,679	43,998	Accrued interest payable	167		43,998
Collateral held payable	Collateral held payable	50,135	170	Collateral held payable	—		170
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	Accounts payable and accrued expenses	2,539	1,560	Accounts payable and accrued expenses	2,606		1,560
Due to affiliate	Due to affiliate	13,068	11,861	Due to affiliate	10,561		11,861

Total liabilities	Total liabilities	8,366,866	19,414,646	Total liabilities	791,680		19,414,646
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 14):
Commitments and contingencies (See Note 14)				Commitments and contingencies (See Note 14)
Stockholders' Equity:	Stockholders' Equity:			Stockholders' Equity:
Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized:	Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized:			Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized:
7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 5,600,000 shares issued and outstanding ($140,000 aggregate liquidation preference)	7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 5,600,000 shares issued and outstanding ($140,000 aggregate liquidation preference)	135,356	135,356	7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 5,600,000 shares issued and outstanding ($140,000 aggregate liquidation preference)	135,356		135,356
7.75% Fixed-to-Floating Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 6,200,000 shares issued and outstanding ($155,000 aggregate liquidation preference)	7.75% Fixed-to-Floating Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 6,200,000 shares issued and outstanding ($155,000 aggregate liquidation preference)	149,860	149,860	7.75% Fixed-to-Floating Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 6,200,000 shares issued and outstanding ($155,000 aggregate liquidation preference)	149,860		149,860
7.50% Fixed-to-Floating Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 11,500,000 shares issued and outstanding ($287,500 aggregate liquidation preference)	7.50% Fixed-to-Floating Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 11,500,000 shares issued and outstanding ($287,500 aggregate liquidation preference)	278,108	278,108	7.50% Fixed-to-Floating Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock: 11,500,000 shares issued and outstanding ($287,500 aggregate liquidation preference)	278,108		278,108
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 450,000,000 shares authorized; 164,966,357 and 144,256,357 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		1,650	1,443
Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 450,000,000 shares authorized; 181,327,368 and 144,256,357 shares issued and outstanding, respectively				Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share; 450,000,000 shares authorized; 181,327,368 and 144,256,357 shares issued and outstanding, respectively	1,813		1,443
Additional paid in capital	Additional paid in capital	3,239,602	2,892,652	Additional paid in capital	3,313,801		2,892,652
Accumulated other comprehensive income	Accumulated other comprehensive income	129,728	288,963	Accumulated other comprehensive income	106,348		288,963
Retained earnings (distributions in excess of earnings)	Retained earnings (distributions in excess of earnings)	(2,523,923)	(814,483)	Retained earnings (distributions in excess of earnings)	(2,827,494)		(814,483)
Total stockholders’ equity	Total stockholders’ equity	1,410,381	2,931,899	Total stockholders’ equity	1,157,792		2,931,899
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	9,777,247	22,346,545	Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	1,949,472		22,346,545

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands, except share amounts	$ in thousands, except share amounts	2020	2019	$ in thousands, except share amounts	2020	2019	2020	2019
Interest Income	Interest Income			Interest Income
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	185,536	185,492	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	29,628	200,737	215,164	386,229
Commercial and other loans	Commercial and other loans	1,163	1,582	Commercial and other loans	545	1,484	1,708	3,066
Total interest income	Total interest income	186,699	187,074	Total interest income	30,173	202,221	216,872	389,295
Interest Expense	Interest Expense			Interest Expense
Repurchase agreements(1)	Repurchase agreements(1)	79,042	101,875	Repurchase agreements(1)	(1,270)	117,978	77,772	219,853
Secured loans	Secured loans	6,646	11,144	Secured loans	1,712	11,258	8,358	22,402
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	85,688	113,019	Total interest expense	442	129,236	86,130	242,255
Net interest income	Net interest income	101,011	74,055	Net interest income	29,731	72,985	130,742	147,040
Other Income (loss)	Other Income (loss)			Other Income (loss)
Gain (loss) on investments, net	Gain (loss) on investments, net	(755,483)	268,382	Gain (loss) on investments, net	(306,366)	302,182	(1,061,849)	570,564
Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures	Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures	170	692	Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures	318	702	488	1,394
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	(910,779)	(201,460)	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	(343)	(344,733)	(911,122)	(546,193)
Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	(33,052)	7,884	Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	(2,738)	(2,438)	(35,790)	5,446
Net loss on extinguishment of debt		(4,806)	—
Net gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt				Net gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt	3,701	—	(1,107)	—
Other investment income (loss), net	Other investment income (loss), net	803	1,029	Other investment income (loss), net	731	1,007	1,534	2,036
Total other income (loss)	Total other income (loss)	(1,703,147)	76,527	Total other income (loss)	(304,697)	(43,280)	(2,007,846)	33,247
Expenses	Expenses			Expenses
Management fee – related party	Management fee – related party	10,953	9,534	Management fee – related party	9,793	9,370	20,746	18,904
General and administrative	General and administrative	3,103	2,258	General and administrative	4,080	1,999	7,181	4,257
Total expenses	Total expenses	14,056	11,792	Total expenses	13,873	11,369	27,927	23,161
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)	(1,616,192)	138,790	Net income (loss)	(288,839)	18,336	(1,905,031)	157,126

Dividends to preferred stockholders	Dividends to preferred stockholders	11,107	11,107	Dividends to preferred stockholders	11,106	11,106	22,213	22,213
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	(1,627,299)	127,683	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	(299,945)	7,230	(1,927,244)	134,913
Earnings (loss) per share:	Earnings (loss) per share:			Earnings (loss) per share:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders			Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Basic	Basic	(10.38)	1.05	Basic	(1.80)	0.06	(11.91)	1.08
Diluted	Diluted	(10.38)	1.05	Diluted	(1.80)	0.06	(11.91)	1.08

(1)Negative interest expense on repurchase agreements for the three months ended June 30, 2020 consists of $3.2 million of current period interest expense on repurchase agreements and $4.5 million of amortization of net deferred gains on de-designated interest rate swaps. For further information on amortization of amounts classified in accumulated other comprehensive income before we discontinued hedge accounting, see Note 8 - "Derivatives and Hedging Activities" and Note 12 - "Stockholders' Equity".

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)	(1,616,192)	138,790	Net income (loss)	(288,839)	18,336	(1,905,031)	157,126
Other comprehensive income (loss):	Other comprehensive income (loss):			Other comprehensive income (loss):
Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	(186,605)	52,349	Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	(53,271)	47,188	(239,876)	99,537
Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	36,957	10,147	Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	34,782	(121)	71,739	10,026
Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	(10,067)	(5,851)	Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	(4,503)	(5,916)	(14,570)	(11,767)
Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	480	(276)	Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	(388)	(320)	92	(596)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(159,235)	56,369	Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(23,380)	40,831	(182,615)	97,200
Comprehensive income (loss)	Comprehensive income (loss)	(1,775,427)	195,159	Comprehensive income (loss)	(312,219)	59,167	(2,087,646)	254,326

Less: Dividends to preferred stockholders	Less: Dividends to preferred stockholders	(11,107)	(11,107)	Less: Dividends to preferred stockholders	(11,106)	(11,106)	(22,213)	(22,213)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	(1,786,534)	184,052	Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	(323,325)	48,061	(2,109,859)	232,113

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

For the three months ended March 31, 2020 and ~~2019~~June 30, 2020

(Unaudited)

Additional
Paid in
Capital Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Retained
Earnings
(Distributions
in excess of
earnings) Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Series A
Preferred Stock Series B
Preferred Stock Series C
Preferred Stock
$ in thousands except share amounts Common Stock
Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount
Balance at December 31, 2019 5,600,000 135,356 6,200,000 149,860 11,500,000 278,108 144,256,357 1,443 2,892,652 288,963 (814,483) 2,931,899
Cumulative effect of adoption of new accounting principle — — — — — — — — — — 342 342
Net income (loss) — — — — — — — — — — (1,616,192) (1,616,192)
Other comprehensive income (loss) — — — — — — — — — (159,235) — (159,235)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs — — — — — — 20,700,000 207 346,819 — — 347,026
Stock awards — — — — — — 10,000 — — — — —
Common stock dividends — — — — — — — — — — (82,483) (82,483)
Preferred stock dividends — — — — — — — — — — (11,107) (11,107)
Amortization of equity-based compensation — — — — — — — — 131 — — 131
Balance at March 31, 2020 5,600,000 135,356 6,200,000 149,860 11,500,000 278,108 164,966,357 1,650 3,239,602 129,728 (2,523,923) 1,410,381


																									Additional Paid in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)					Retained Earnings (Distributions in excess of earnings)				Total Stockholders’ Equity																																									Additional Paid in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Retained Earnings (Distributions in excess of earnings)	Total Stockholders’ Equity
		Series A Preferred Stock						Series B Preferred Stock						Series C Preferred Stock																																								Series A Preferred Stock														Series B Preferred Stock							Series C Preferred Stock								Additional Paid in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings (Distributions in excess of earnings)	Total Stockholders’ Equity
$ in thousands except share amounts	$ in thousands except share amounts																	Common Stock																				Additional Paid in Capital				Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Retained Earnings (Distributions in excess of earnings)				Series A Preferred Stock													Series B Preferred Stock										Series C Preferred Stock					Additional Paid in Capital										Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings (Distributions in excess of earnings)	Total Stockholders’ Equity
			Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares	Amount														Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)				Total Stockholders’ Equity																									Shares		Amount										Amount									Additional Paid in Capital
Balance at December 31, 2018		5,600,000		135,356		6,200,000		149,860		11,500,000		278,108		111,584,996	1,115	2,383,532	220,813	(882,087)			2,286,697
Net income		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	—	—	138,790			138,790
Other comprehensive income (loss)		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	—	56,369	—			56,369
Balance at December 31, 2019																			Balance at December 31, 2019	5,600,000			135,356						6,200,000								149,860															11,500,000					278,108					144,256,357				1,443				2,892,652		288,963		(814,483)		2,931,899
Cumulative effect of adoption of new accounting principle																			Cumulative effect of adoption of new accounting principle	—			—			—							—								—							—					—					—					—				—				342		342
Net loss																			Net loss	—			—			—							—					—				—			—					—					—					—				(1,616,192)					(1,616,192)
Other comprehensive loss																			Other comprehensive loss	—			—			—					—				—				—				—			—					—					(159,235)					—				(159,235)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs	Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs	—		—		—		—		—		—		16,672,000	167	258,386	—	—			258,553	Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs		—			—					—				—				—				—			20,700,000					207					346,819					—				—				347,026

Stock awards	Stock awards	—		—		—		—		—		—		10,501	—	—	—	—			—	Stock awards		—			—					—				—				—				—			10,000					—					—					—				—				—
Common stock dividends	Common stock dividends	—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	—	—	(57,720)			(57,720)	Common stock dividends		—			—					—				—				—				—			—					—					—					—				(82,483)				(82,483)
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	—	—	(11,107)			(11,107)	Preferred stock dividends		—			—					—				—				—				—			—					—					—					—				(11,107)				(11,107)
Amortization of equity-based compensation	Amortization of equity-based compensation	—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	132	—	—			132	Amortization of equity-based compensation		—			—					—				—				—				—			—					—					131					—				—				131
Balance at March 31, 2019		5,600,000		135,356		6,200,000		149,860		11,500,000		278,108		128,267,497	1,282	2,642,050	277,182	(812,124)			2,671,714
Balance at March 31, 2020																			Balance at March 31, 2020	5,600,000			135,356			6,200,000					149,860				11,500,000				278,108				164,966,357			1,650					3,239,602					129,728					(2,523,923)				1,410,381
Net loss																			Net loss	—			—			—					—				—				—				—			—					—					—					(288,839)				(288,839)
Other comprehensive loss																			Other comprehensive loss	—			—			—					—				—				—				—			—					—					(23,380)					—				(23,380)

Stock awards																			Stock awards	—			—			—					—				—				—				22,500			—					—					—					—				—
Common stock dividends																			Common stock dividends	—			—			—					—				—				—				16,338,511			163					74,071					—					(3,626)				70,608
Preferred stock dividends																			Preferred stock dividends	—			—			—					—				—				—				—			—					—					—					(11,106)				(11,106)
Amortization of equity-based compensation																			Amortization of equity-based compensation	—			—			—					—				—				—				—			—					128					—					—				128
Balance at June 30, 2020																			Balance at June 30, 2020	5,600,000			135,356			6,200,000					149,860				11,500,000				278,108				181,327,368			1,813					3,313,801					106,348					(2,827,494)				1,157,792

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ~~CASH FLOWS~~STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Continued)

For the three months ended March 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019

(Unaudited)

Three Months Ended March 31,
$ in thousands 2020 2019
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income (loss) (1,616,192) 138,790
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities premiums and (discounts), net 10,658 3,185
Realized and unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments, net 922,703 205,969
Realized and unrealized (gain) loss on credit derivatives, net 37,770 (2,534)
(Gain) loss on investments, net 755,483 (268,382)
(Gain) loss from investments in unconsolidated ventures in excess of distributions received 222 (692)
Other amortization (9,936) (5,719)
Net loss on extinguishment of debt 4,806 —
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in operating assets 37,955 (10,015)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities (33,431) 7,758
Net cash provided by operating activities 110,038 68,360
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchase of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities (4,444,744) (4,340,536)
(Contributions to) distributions from investments in unconsolidated ventures, net 1,168 299
Change in other assets 19,269 1,154
Principal payments from mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities 636,498 300,222
Proceeds from sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities 16,238,252 734,834
Proceeds from sale of credit derivatives 2,283 —
Settlement (termination) of futures, currency forwards and interest rate swaps, net (904,220) (232,387)
Net change in due from counterparties and collateral held payable on derivative instruments 4,849 (14,060)
Principal payments from commercial loans held-for-investment 136 7,128
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 11,553,491 (3,543,346)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock 347,299 258,966
Principal repayments of secured loans (300,000) —
Proceeds from repurchase agreements 44,017,958 28,316,732
Principal repayments of repurchase agreements (55,266,696) (25,094,829)
Net change in due from counterparties and collateral held payable on repurchase agreements (311,732) —
Payments of deferred costs (40) (21)
Payments of dividends (74,841) (57,972)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (11,588,052) 3,422,876
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 75,477 (52,110)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 289,502 135,617
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 364,979 83,507
Supplement Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Interest paid 131,074 109,392
Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities Information
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities (149,648) 62,496
Dividends declared not paid 93,590 60,433
Increase in Agency CMBS purchase commitments 410,654 90,291
Net change in investment related receivable (payable) excluding Agency CMBS purchase commitments (760,217) (4,959)
Offering costs not paid (273) (413)
Net change in repurchase agreements, not settled (625) —


																						Additional Paid in Capital	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Retained Earnings (Distributions in excess of earnings)	Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Series A Preferred Stock						Series B Preferred Stock						Series C Preferred Stock
$ in thousands except share amounts																				Common Stock
		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount		Shares		Amount
Balance at December 31, 2018	5,600,000		135,356		6,200,000		149,860		11,500,000		278,108		111,584,996		1,115		2,383,532	220,813	(882,087)		2,286,697
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	138,790		138,790
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	56,369	—		56,369
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs	—		—		—		—		—		—		16,672,000		167		258,386	—	—		258,553


Stock awards	—		—		—		—		—		—		10,501		—		—	—	—		—
Common stock dividends	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	(57,720)		(57,720)
Preferred stock dividends	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	(11,107)		(11,107)
Amortization of equity-based compensation	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		132	—	—		132
Balance at March 31, 2019	5,600,000		135,356		6,200,000		149,860		11,500,000		278,108		128,267,497		1,282		2,642,050	277,182	(812,124)		2,671,714
Net income	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	18,336		18,336
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	40,831	—		40,831
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs	—		—		—		—		—		—		521,136		5		8,149	—	—		8,154


Stock awards	—		—		—		—		—		—		6,895		—		—	—	—		—
Common stock dividends	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	(57,958)		(57,958)
Preferred stock dividends	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—	—	(11,106)		(11,106)
Amortization of equity-based compensation	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		130	—	—		130
Balance at June 30, 2019	5,600,000		135,356		6,200,000		149,860		11,500,000		278,108		128,795,528		1,287		2,650,329	318,013	(862,852)		2,670,101

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	2020	2019
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Net income (loss)	(1,905,031)	157,126
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities premiums and (discounts), net	9,967	13,800
Realized and unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments, net	923,046	558,227
Realized and unrealized (gain) loss on credit derivatives, net	41,635	5,204
(Gain) loss on investments, net	1,061,849	(570,564)
(Gain) loss from investments in unconsolidated ventures in excess of distributions received	243	(1,394)
Other amortization	(14,311)	(11,505)
Net (gain) loss on extinguishment of debt	1,107	—

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in operating assets	54,567	(10,769)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities	(42,459)	16,877
Net cash provided by operating activities	130,613	157,002
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Purchase of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	(4,953,645)	(5,644,867)
(Contributions to) distributions from investments in unconsolidated ventures, net	2,601	(865)
Change in other assets	40,846	7,096
Principal payments from mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	690,085	760,639
Proceeds from sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	23,119,928	1,670,394
Payment on the sale of credit derivatives	(14,131)	—
Settlement (termination) of futures, currency forwards and interest rate swaps, net	(904,358)	(539,626)
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis stock	36,562	—
Net change in due from counterparties and collateral held payable on derivative instruments	(170)	(9,435)
Principal payments from commercial loans held-for-investment	136	7,261

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	18,017,854	(3,749,403)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Proceeds from issuance of common stock	347,127	266,878




Principal repayments of secured loans	(910,000)	—
Proceeds from repurchase agreements	45,808,912	54,344,320
Principal repayments of repurchase agreements	(63,342,322)	(50,872,638)
Net change in due from counterparties and collateral held payable on repurchase agreements	32,568	—
Payments of deferred costs	(94)	(87)
Payments of dividends	(102,590)	(126,798)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(18,166,399)	3,611,675
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(17,932)	19,274
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	289,502	135,617
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	271,570	154,891
Supplement Disclosure of Cash Flow Information
Interest paid	144,530	236,649
Non-cash Investing and Financing Activities Information
Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	(168,137)	109,563
Dividends declared not paid	6,339	60,671
Increase (decrease) in Agency CMBS purchase commitments	(99,557)	246,709
Net change in investment related receivable (payable) excluding Agency CMBS purchase commitments	29,477	(17,740)
Dividend paid in common stock	74,234	—
Offering costs not paid	(101)	(171)
Net change in repurchase agreements, not settled	—	899

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

Note 1 – Organization and Business Operations

Invesco Mortgage Capital Inc. (the "Company" or "we") is a Maryland corporation primarily focused on investing in, financing and managing residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") and other mortgage-related assets. We are externally managed and advised by Invesco Advisers, Inc. (our "Manager"), a registered investment adviser and an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Invesco Ltd. ("Invesco"), a leading independent global investment management firm. We conduct our business through IAS Operating Partnership LP (the "Operating Partnership") and have 1 operating segment.

We have historically invested in:

•Residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS") that are guaranteed by a U.S. government agency such as the Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae"), or a federally chartered corporation such as the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac") (collectively "Agency RMBS");

•Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) that are guaranteed by a U.S. government agency such as Ginnie Mae or a federally chartered corporation such as Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac (collectively "Agency CMBS");

•RMBS that are not guaranteed by a U.S. government agency or a federally chartered corporation ("non-Agency RMBS");

•CMBS that are not guaranteed by a U.S. government agency or a federally chartered corporation ("non-Agency CMBS");

•Credit risk transfer securities that are unsecured obligations issued by government-sponsored enterprises ("GSE CRT");

•Residential and commercial mortgage loans; and

•Other real estate-related financing agreements.

We elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. To maintain our REIT qualification, we are generally required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our stockholders annually. We operate our business in a manner that permits our exclusion from the "Investment Company" definition under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we experienced unprecedented market conditions as a result of the ~~global~~ COVID-19 pandemic that resulted in a material adverse change in our financial condition. WeIn the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, we recorded a ~~$1.6 billion~~ net loss ~~attributable to stockholders~~of $299.9 million and ~~our~~$1.9 billion, respectively. Our stockholders' equity declined from $2.9 billion as of December 31, 2019 ~~to $1.4~~to $1.2 billion as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020.

Due to significant spread widening in both Agency and non-Agency securities, we received an unusually high number of margin calls from counterparties in the latter half of March 2020. WeAs a result, we were unable to meet margin calls ~~as of March 23, 2020~~ and were not in compliance with the terms of our various borrowings arrangements as of March 31, 2020 as described in Note 76 - "Borrowings". To generate liquidity ~~and~~and reduce leverage, we sold MBS and GSE CRTs for cash proceeds of ~~$16.2~~$23.1 billion and repaid ~~$11.2~~$17.5 billion of our repurchase agreements and $910.0 million of Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis "FHLBI" secured loans during the ~~quarter~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. Our investment portfolio decreased from $21.9 billion as of December 31, 2019 to ~~$8.1~~$1.6 billion as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 primarily due to these asset sales. We also terminated our entire interest rate swap portfolio as our exposure to interest rate risk decreased as we sold Agency assets.

We have continued to focus on generating liquidity and reducing leverage in the second quarter of 2020. Between April 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020, we sold additional MBS and GSE CRTs with a fair value of $6.2 billion at March 31, 2020 for cash proceeds of $5.9 billion and our loan participation interest for cash proceeds of $21.6 million. Our investment portfolio decreased from $8.1 billion as of March 31, 2020 to approximately $1.6 billion, excluding cash and Agency CMBS purchase commitments, as of May 31, 2020 primarily due to these asset sales. We repaid all of our repurchase agreements and $512.5 million of Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis "FHLBI" secured loans with proceeds from these asset sales and the return of cash margin previously pledged on our repurchase agreements. As of the filing date of this Quarterly Report, the balance of our secured loans is $837.5 million~~. For further details of events between March 31, 2020 and the filing date of this Quarterly Report see Note 15 - "Subsequent Events".~~

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While the Federal Reserve has taken a number of proactive measures to bolster liquidity, ~~in the second quarter of 2020,~~ we expect market conditions for the mortgage REIT industry to continue to be challenging due to the uncertainty around the duration and ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.~~The COVID-19 pandemic caused our support personnel to transition to a remote workforce beginning in March 2020 and resulted in delays in receiving information from~~ ~~our custodian and various counterparties and clearing certain sales trades. In turn, this delayed the filing of this Quarterly Report.~~ Our Manager has provided our investment team and support personnel with access to all systems necessary to fulfill their responsibilities and are in constant communication with one another and our external professional advisors.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

Certain disclosures included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K are not required to be included on an interim basis in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. We have condensed or omitted these disclosures. Therefore, this Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and consolidate the financial statements of the Company and our controlled subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions, balances, revenues and expenses are eliminated upon consolidation. In the opinion of management, the condensed consolidated financial

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statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring accruals, which are necessary for a fair statement of our financial condition and results of operations for the periods presented.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Examples of estimates include, but are not limited to, estimates of the fair values of financial instruments, interest income recognition on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities and allowances for credit losses. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to our accounting policies included in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 other than as discussed below.

Mortgage-Backed and Credit Risk Transfer Securities

Allowances for Credit Losses on Available-For-Sale Securities

We are not required to measure expected credit losses for situations in which historic credit loss information, adjusted for current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts, results in an expectation that nonpayment of the amortized cost basis is zero. We consider our Agency portfolio to have zero loss expectation because (i) there have been no historical credit losses, (ii) full and timely payment of principal and interest is guaranteed by the GSEs and (iii) the yields, while not risk free, generally trade based on prepayment and liquidity risk as opposed to credit risk. Our available-for-sale GSE CRTs are hybrid financial instruments consisting of a debt host contract and an embedded credit derivative. The embedded credit derivative is carried at fair value with changes in fair value ~~recorded~~reported in earnings.

For non-Agency RMBS and non-Agency CMBS, we use a discounted cash flow method to estimate and recognize an allowance for credit losses. We calculate the allowance for credit losses as the difference between prepayment adjusted contractual cash flows without credit losses and expected cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate used to recognize interest income on the investment. In developing an expectation of credit losses, we use internal models that analyze the loans underlying each investment and evaluate factors including, but not limited to, delinquency status, loan-to-value ratios, borrower credit scores, occupancy status and geographic concentration. We place reliance on these internal models in determining credit quality.

We record an allowance for credit losses as a contra-asset on the condensed consolidated balance sheets and a provision for credit losses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Credit losses are accreted into earnings over time at the effective interest rate used to recognize interest income. Subsequent favorable or adverse changes in the amount of expected credit losses are recognized immediately in earnings. If the allowance for credit losses has been reduced to zero,we reflect the remaining favorable changes as a prospective adjustment to the effective interest rate of the investment. The allowance for credit losses is limited to the amount by which the investment’s amortized cost exceeds fair value. When the allowance for credit losses is limited, the effective interest rate used to recognize interest income and accrete credit losses is prospectively adjusted. We do not record an allowance for credit losses when an investment’s fair value exceeds its amortized cost. Recoveries of amounts previously written off relating to improvements in cash flows are recognized in earnings when received.

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We record provisions for credit losses, reductions in provisions for credit losses, accretion of credit losses, and recoveries of amounts previously written off within gain (loss) on investments, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

When we determine that we intend to sell, or more likely than not will be required to sell, an available-for-sale security in an unrealized loss position before we recover its amortized cost, we write off any allowance for credit losses and write down the investment’s amortized cost to its fair value. We record the write off of the allowance for credit losses and write down of the available-for-sale security within gain (loss) on investments, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

We present accrued interest receivable separately from our investment portfolio on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We do not estimate an allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable because we write off accrued interest receivable as a reduction to interest income if it is not received when due.

Interest Income Recognition

Mortgage-Backed Securities

Interest income on MBS is accrued based on the outstanding principal or notional balance of the securities and their contractual terms. Premiums or discounts are amortized or accreted into interest income over the life of the investment using the effective interest method.

Interest income on our MBS where we may not recover substantially all of our initial investment is based on estimated future cash flows. We estimate future expected cash flows at the time of purchase and determine the effective interest rate based

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on these estimated cash flows and our purchase price. Over the life of the investments, we update these estimated future cash flows and compute a revised yield based on the current amortized cost of the investment. In situations where an allowance for credit losses is limited by the fair value of the investment, we compute the yield as the rate that equates expected future cash flows to the current fair value of the investment. In estimating these future cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies, including but not limited to the rate and timing of principal payments (prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass through or coupon rate, and interest rate fluctuations. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact our estimate and our interest income. Changes in our original or most recent cash flow projections may result in a prospective change in interest income recognized on these securities, or the amortized cost of these securities. For non-Agency RMBS not of high credit quality, when actual cash flows vary from expected cash flows, the difference is recorded as an adjustment to the amortized cost of the security, unless those changes relate to credit losses that will be reflected in an allowance for credit losses, and the security's yield is revised prospectively.

For Agency RMBS and Agency CMBS that cannot be prepaid in such a way that we would not recover substantially all of our initial investment, interest income recognition is based on contractual cash flows. We do not estimate prepayments in applying the effective interest method.

Fair Value Measurements

As of January 1, 2020, we report our commercial loan at fair value as determined by an independent pricing service. The pricing service values the loan using a discounted cash flow analysis. The yield used in the discounted cash flow analysis is determined by comparing the features of the loan to the interest rates and terms required by lenders in the new loan origination market for similar loans and the yield required by investors acquiring mezzanine loans in the secondary market and a comparison of current market and collateral conditions to those present at origination. We discontinued reporting our commercial loan at amortized cost because we elected the fair value option for this loan in connection with our adoption of the new guidance for reporting credit losses discussed below.

Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted

On January 1, 2020, we adopted the accounting guidance that changes how entities report credit losses for assets measured at amortized cost and available-for-sale securities. The new guidance significantly changes how entities measure credit losses for most financial assets, including loans, that are not measured at fair value through net income. The guidance replaces the existing “incurred loss” model with an “expected loss” model for instruments measured at amortized cost and requires entities to record credit allowances for available-for-sale debt securities rather than reduce the carrying amount, as they previously did under the other-than-temporary impairment model. The new guidance also simplifies the accounting model for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans and requires that entities record an adjustment to retained earnings on January 1, 2020 for the cumulative effect of adopting the new guidance. We were not required to record a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings because all of our purchased credit-impaired securities were in an unrealized gain position as of the implementation date.

The new guidance specifically excludes available-for-sale securities measured at fair value through net income. We elected the fair value option for all MBS purchased on or after September 1, 2016 and GSE CRTs purchased on or after August 24, 2015. Accordingly, the impact of the new guidance on accounting for our debt securities is limited to those securities we purchased prior to election of the fair value option and held on January 1, 2020. For further information on the composition of

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our investment portfolio, see Note 4 - "Mortgage Backed and Credit Risk Transfer Securities". During the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we recorded ~~$78.8~~$6.3 million and $85.1 million, respectively, of impairment on non-Agency securities that we intend to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell before we recover the amortized cost basis of the security. We recorded the impairment within gain (loss) on investments, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we have not recorded a credit loss allowance on any of our securities.

We had one commercial loan as of December 31, 2019 that was measured at amortized ~~cost.~~cost. We implemented the new guidance for this loan by electing the fair value option and recording a cumulative effect adjustment to increase retained earnings by $342,000 on January 1, 2020. We recognized ~~$1.7~~$785,000 and $2.5 million of unrealized losses on our commercial loan in our condensed consolidated statement of operations during the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively.

Accounting Pronouncements Recently Issued

In March 2020, new accounting guidance was issued for evaluating the effects of reference rate reform on financial reporting. The new guidance provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to U.S. GAAP for contract modifications, hedge accounting and other relationships that reference London Interbank Overnight Financing Rate ~~(LIBOR)~~"LIBOR" or another reference rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The guidance may be adopted on or after March 12, 2020 and is only effective for the period from March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. We have not yet adopted this guidance and are currently evaluating what impact the guidance will have on our consolidated financial statements.

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Note 3 – Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs")

Our maximum risk of loss in VIEs in which we are not the primary beneficiary at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 is presented in the table below.


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Carrying Amount	Company's Maximum Risk of Loss	$ in thousands	Carrying Amount	Company's Maximum Risk of Loss
Non-Agency CMBS	Non-Agency CMBS	2,869,051	2,869,051	Non-Agency CMBS	1,457,915	1,457,915
Non-Agency RMBS	Non-Agency RMBS	568,081	568,081	Non-Agency RMBS	14,404	14,404
Investments in unconsolidated ventures	Investments in unconsolidated ventures	21,088	21,088	Investments in unconsolidated ventures	19,246	19,246
Total	Total	3,458,220	3,458,220	Total	1,491,565	1,491,565

Refer to Note 4 - "Mortgage-Backed and Credit Risk Transfer Securities" and Note 5 - "Other Assets" for additional details regarding these investments.

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Note 4 – Mortgage-Backed and Credit Risk Transfer Securities

As ~~discussed~~discussed in Note 1 - "Organization and Business Operations", we sold MBS and GSE CRTs for cash proceeds of ~~$16.2~~$23.1 billion during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 to generate liquidity and reduce leverage given unprecedented market conditions as a ~~result~~result of the ~~global~~ COVID-19 pandemic. ~~Between April 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020, we sold additional MBS and GSE CRTs with a fair value of $6.2 billion as of~~ ~~March 31, 2020 as discussed in Note 15 - "Subsequent Events".~~

The following tables summarize our MBS and GSE CRT portfolio by asset type as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.


March 31, 2020
June 30, 2020									June 30, 2020
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Principal/ Notional Balance	Unamortized Premium (Discount)	Amortized Cost	Unrealized Gain/ (Loss), net	Fair Value	Period- end Weighted Average Yield ⁽¹⁾		$ in thousands	Principal/ Notional Balance	Unamortized Premium (Discount)	Amortized Cost	Unrealized Gain/ (Loss), net	Fair Value	Period- end Weighted Average Yield ⁽¹⁾
Agency RMBS:	Agency RMBS:								Agency RMBS:
15 year fixed-rate	15 year fixed-rate	67,123	767	67,890	3,276	71,166	3.29	%	15 year fixed-rate	2,946	66	3,012	113	3,125	3.31	%
30 year fixed-rate	30 year fixed-rate	1,318,576	45,032	1,363,608	57,554	1,421,162	3.39	%	30 year fixed-rate	6,113	261	6,374	454	6,828	4.35	%
Hybrid ARM^*		2,557	—	2,557	115	2,672	3.28	%

Total Agency RMBS pass-through	Total Agency RMBS pass-through	1,388,256	45,799	1,434,055	60,945	1,495,000	3.39	%	Total Agency RMBS pass-through	9,059	327	9,386	567	9,953	4.01	%
Agency-CMO ⁽²⁾	Agency-CMO ⁽²⁾	532,411	(247,963)	284,448	16,087	300,535	3.29	%	Agency-CMO ⁽²⁾	22,087	(22,087)	—	—	—	—	%
Agency CMBS⁽³⁾		2,070,199	32,398	2,102,597	175,430	2,278,027	2.90	%

Non-Agency CMBS ⁽⁴⁾	Non-Agency CMBS ⁽⁴⁾	3,889,234	(795,998)	3,093,236	(224,185)	2,869,051	6.13	%	Non-Agency CMBS ⁽⁴⁾	1,491,783	(34,021)	1,457,762	153	1,457,915	5.50	%
Non-Agency RMBS ⁽⁷⁾⁽⁵⁾	Non-Agency RMBS ⁽⁷⁾⁽⁵⁾	1,892,459	(1,340,469)	551,990	16,091	568,081	7.06	%	Non-Agency RMBS ⁽⁷⁾⁽⁵⁾	1,126,569	(1,106,684)	19,885	(5,481)	14,404	4.09	%
GSE CRT ⁽⁸⁾⁽⁶⁾	GSE CRT ⁽⁸⁾⁽⁶⁾	682,183	13,360	695,543	(161,429)	534,114	3.25	%	GSE CRT ⁽⁸⁾⁽⁶⁾	112,252	2,430	114,682	(12,796)	101,886	1.34	%
Total	Total	10,454,742	(2,292,873)	8,161,869	(117,061)	8,044,808	4.53	%	Total	2,761,750	(1,160,035)	1,601,715	(17,557)	1,584,158	5.17	%

* Adjustable-rate mortgage ("ARM")

(1)Period-end weighted average yield is based on amortized cost as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and incorporates future prepayment and loss assumptions.

(2)Agency collateralized mortgage obligation ("Agency-CMO") includes interest-only securities ("Agency IO"), which represent ~~49.5%~~100.0% of principal/notional balance, ~~4.9%~~0.0% of amortized cost and ~~4.9%~~0.0% of fair value.

(3)~~Includes Agency CMBS purchase commitments with a fair value of approximately $507.2 million.~~

~~(4)Non-Agency CMBS includes interest-only securities which represent 14.9% of principal/notional balance, 0.3% of amortized cost and 0.4% of fair value.~~

~~(5)~~Non-Agency RMBS is ~~61.9%~~66.5% fixed rate, ~~34.8%~~32.7% variable rate, and ~~3.3%~~0.8% floating rate based on fair value. Coupon payments on variable rate investments are based upon changes in the underlying Hybrid ARM loan coupons, while coupon payments on floating rate investments are based upon a spread to a reference index.

~~(6)~~(4)Of the total discount in non-Agency RMBS, ~~$72.6~~$2.3 million is non-accretable (calculated using the principal/notional balance) based on estimated future cash flows of the securities.

~~(7)~~(5)Non-Agency RMBS includes interest-only securities ("non-Agency IO") which represent ~~65.6%~~99.1% of principal/notional balance, ~~2.7%~~69.8% of amortized cost and ~~1.0%~~50.4% of fair value.

~~(8)~~(6)GSE CRT weighted average yield excludes coupon interest associated with embedded derivatives not accounted for under the fair value option that is recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net.

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December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019										December 31, 2019
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Principal/Notional Balance	Unamortized Premium (Discount)	Amortized Cost	Unrealized Gain/ (Loss), net	Fair Value	Period- end Weighted Average Yield ⁽¹⁾		$ in thousands	Principal/Notional Balance		Unamortized Premium (Discount)	Amortized Cost	Unrealized Gain/ (Loss), net	Fair Value	Period- end Weighted Average Yield ⁽¹⁾
Agency RMBS:	Agency RMBS:								Agency RMBS:
15 year fixed-rate	15 year fixed-rate	280,426	1,666	282,092	10,322	292,414	3.34	%	15 year fixed-rate	280,426		1,666	282,092	10,322	292,414	3.34	%
30 year fixed-rate	30 year fixed-rate	9,911,339	308,427	10,219,766	304,454	10,524,220	3.62	%	30 year fixed-rate	9,911,339		308,427	10,219,766	304,454	10,524,220	3.62	%
Hybrid ARM		55,024	602	55,626	1,267	56,893	3.46	%
Hybrid ARM*									Hybrid ARM*	55,024		602	55,626	1,267	56,893	3.46	%
Total Agency RMBS pass-through	Total Agency RMBS pass-through	10,246,789	310,695	10,557,484	316,043	10,873,527	3.61	%	Total Agency RMBS pass-through	10,246,789		310,695	10,557,484	316,043	10,873,527	3.61	%
Agency-CMO ⁽²⁾	Agency-CMO ⁽²⁾	883,122	(467,840)	415,282	12,230	427,512	3.54	%	Agency-CMO ⁽²⁾	883,122		(467,840)	415,282	12,230	427,512	3.54	%
Agency CMBS ⁽³⁾	Agency CMBS ⁽³⁾	4,561,276	75,299	4,636,575	131,355	4,767,930	3.01	%	Agency CMBS ⁽³⁾	4,561,276		75,299	4,636,575	131,355	4,767,930	3.01	%
Non-Agency CMBS ⁽⁴⁾	Non-Agency CMBS ⁽⁴⁾	4,464,525	(772,295)	3,692,230	131,244	3,823,474	5.16	%	Non-Agency CMBS ⁽⁴⁾	4,464,525		(772,295)	3,692,230	131,244	3,823,474	5.16	%
Non-Agency RMBS ^(5)(6)(7)	Non-Agency RMBS ^(5)(6)(7)	2,340,119	(1,487,603)	852,516	103,155	955,671	6.98	%	Non-Agency RMBS ^(5)(6)(7)	2,340,119		(1,487,603)	852,516	103,155	955,671	6.98	%
GSE CRT ⁽⁸⁾	GSE CRT ⁽⁸⁾	858,244	19,945	878,189	45,483	923,672	2.78	%	GSE CRT ⁽⁸⁾	858,244		19,945	878,189	45,483	923,672	2.78	%
Total	Total	23,354,075	(2,321,799)	21,032,276	739,510	21,771,786	3.85	%	Total	23,354,075		(2,321,799)	21,032,276	739,510	21,771,786	3.85	%

* Adjustable-rate mortgage ("ARM")

(1)Period-end weighted average yield is based on amortized cost as of December 31, 2019 and incorporates future prepayment and loss assumptions.

(2)Agency-CMO includes Agency ~~collateralized mortgage obligation ("Agency-CMO") includes interest-only securities ("Agency IO"),~~IO, which represent 56.3% of principal (notional) balance, 6.4% of amortized cost and 6.4% of fair value.

(3)Includes Agency CMBS purchase commitments with a fair value of approximately $96.2 million .

(4)Non-Agency CMBS includes interest-only securities which represent 13.1% of principal/notional balance, 0.3% of amortized cost and 0.3% of fair value.

(5)Non-Agency RMBS is 37.0% variable rate, 57.7% fixed rate, and 5.3% floating rate based on fair value. Coupon payments on variable rate investments are based upon changes in the underlying Hybrid ARM loan coupons, while coupon payments on floating rate investments are based upon a spread to a reference index.

(6)Of the total discount in non-Agency RMBS, $120.2 million is non-accretable (calculated using the principal/notional balance) based on estimated future cash flows of the securities.

(7)Non-Agency RMBS includes interest-only securities, which represent 56.2% of principal/notional balance, 1.9% of amortized cost and 1.3% of fair value.

(8)GSE CRT weighted average yield excludes coupon interest associated with embedded derivatives not accounted for under the fair value option that is recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net.

The following table presents the fair value of our available-for-sale securities and securities accounted for under the fair value option by asset type as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. We have elected the fair value option for all of our RMBS interest-only securities, our MBS purchased on or after September 1, 2016 and our GSE CRTs purchased on or after August 24, 2015. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, approximately ~~65%~~15% and 80%, respectively, of our MBS and GSE CRTs are accounted for under the fair value option. Our percentage of MBS and GSE CRTs accounted for under the fair value option declined as of June 30, 2020 due to sales of securities accounted for under the fair value option during the six months ended June 30, 2020.


		March 31, 2020					December 31, 2019						June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Available-for-sale Securities	Securities under Fair Value Option	Total Fair Value	Available-for-sale Securities	Securities under Fair Value Option	Total Fair Value	$ in thousands	Available-for-sale Securities	Securities under Fair Value Option	Total Fair Value	Available-for-sale Securities	Securities under Fair Value Option	Total Fair Value
Agency RMBS:	Agency RMBS:							Agency RMBS:
15 year fixed-rate	15 year fixed-rate	23,652	47,514	71,166	98,666	193,748	292,414	15 year fixed-rate	3,125	—	3,125	98,666	193,748	292,414
30 year fixed-rate	30 year fixed-rate	237,581	1,183,581	1,421,162	754,590	9,769,630	10,524,220	30 year fixed-rate	4,232	2,596	6,828	754,590	9,769,630	10,524,220
Hybrid ARM	Hybrid ARM	2,672	—	2,672	31,522	25,371	56,893	Hybrid ARM	—	—	—	31,522	25,371	56,893
Total RMBS Agency pass-through	Total RMBS Agency pass-through	263,905	1,231,095	1,495,000	884,778	9,988,749	10,873,527	Total RMBS Agency pass-through	7,357	2,596	9,953	884,778	9,988,749	10,873,527
Agency-CMO	Agency-CMO	144,405	156,130	300,535	146,733	280,779	427,512	Agency-CMO	—	—	—	146,733	280,779	427,512
Agency CMBS	Agency CMBS	—	2,278,027	2,278,027	—	4,767,930	4,767,930	Agency CMBS	—	—	—	—	4,767,930	4,767,930
Non-Agency CMBS	Non-Agency CMBS	1,765,868	1,103,183	2,869,051	2,150,991	1,672,483	3,823,474	Non-Agency CMBS	1,262,007	195,908	1,457,915	2,150,991	1,672,483	3,823,474
Non-Agency RMBS	Non-Agency RMBS	368,663	199,418	568,081	715,479	240,192	955,671	Non-Agency RMBS	7,837	6,567	14,404	715,479	240,192	955,671
GSE CRT	GSE CRT	238,654	295,460	534,114	507,445	416,227	923,672	GSE CRT	76,024	25,862	101,886	507,445	416,227	923,672
Total	Total	2,781,495	5,263,313	8,044,808	4,405,426	17,366,360	21,771,786	Total	1,353,225	230,933	1,584,158	4,405,426	17,366,360	21,771,786

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The components of the carrying value of our MBS and GSE CRT portfolio at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are presented below.


		March 31, 2020						June 30, 2020
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	MBS and GSE CRT Securities	Interest-Only Securities	Total	$ in thousands	MBS and GSE CRT Securities	Interest-Only Securities	Total
Principal/notional balance	Principal/notional balance	8,369,799	2,084,943	10,454,742	Principal/notional balance	1,623,408	1,138,342	2,761,750
Unamortized premium	Unamortized premium	108,948	—	108,948	Unamortized premium	10,600	—	10,600
Unamortized discount	Unamortized discount	(356,152)	(2,045,669)	(2,401,821)	Unamortized discount	(46,183)	(1,124,452)	(1,170,635)
Gross unrealized gains ⁽¹⁾	Gross unrealized gains ⁽¹⁾	291,151	3,144	294,295	Gross unrealized gains ⁽¹⁾	45,361	248	45,609
Gross unrealized losses ⁽¹⁾	Gross unrealized losses ⁽¹⁾	(401,179)	(10,177)	(411,356)	Gross unrealized losses ⁽¹⁾	(56,284)	(6,882)	(63,166)
Fair value	Fair value	8,012,567	32,241	8,044,808	Fair value	1,576,902	7,256	1,584,158


	December 31, 2019
$ in thousands	MBS and GSE CRT Securities	Interest-Only Securities	Total
Principal/notional balance	20,957,410	2,396,665	23,354,075
Unamortized premium	440,503	—	440,503
Unamortized discount	(419,983)	(2,342,319)	(2,762,302)
Gross unrealized gains ⁽¹⁾	807,324	4,782	812,106
Gross unrealized losses ⁽¹⁾	(66,064)	(6,532)	(72,596)
Fair value	21,719,190	52,596	21,771,786

(1)Gross unrealized gains and losses includes gains (losses) recognized in net income for securities accounted for as derivatives or under the fair value option as well as gains (losses) for available-for-sale securities which are recognized as adjustments to other comprehensive income. Realization occurs upon sale or settlement of such securities. Further detail on the components of our total gains (losses) on investments, net for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019 is provided below within this Note 4.

The following table summarizes our MBS and GSE CRT portfolio according to estimated weighted average life classifications as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	$ in thousands	June 30, 2020	December 31, 2019
Less than one year	Less than one year	320,834	268,536	Less than one year	174,682	268,536
Greater than one year and less than five years	Greater than one year and less than five years	3,638,676	7,836,620	Greater than one year and less than five years	1,167,284	7,836,620
Greater than or equal to five years	Greater than or equal to five years	4,085,298	13,666,630	Greater than or equal to five years	242,192	13,666,630
Total	Total	8,044,808	21,771,786	Total	1,584,158	21,771,786

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The following tables present the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of our MBS and GSE CRTs by length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020


		Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More							Total ⁽¹⁾					Less than 12 Months			12 Months or More	Total ⁽³⁾
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities	$ in thousands	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses		Number of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities

Agency-CMO		3,278	(668)	11	2,201	(442)	7	5,479	(1,110)	18
Agency CMBS		194,960	(3,054)	7	—	—	—	194,960	(3,054)	7
Non-Agency CMBS		1,107,247	(234,156)	115	—	—	—	1,107,247	(234,156)	115

Non-Agency CMBS ^{(1) (2)}											Non-Agency CMBS ^{(1) (2)}	189,532	(43,325)		24	—	—	—	189,532	(43,325)	24
GSE CRT	GSE CRT	534,114	(161,429)	44	—	—	—	534,114	(161,429)	44	GSE CRT	95,747	(12,956)		6	—	—	—	95,747	(12,956)	6
Non-Agency RMBS	Non-Agency RMBS	77,300	(11,590)	27	297	(17)	3	77,597	(11,607)	30	Non-Agency RMBS	6,552	(6,870)		12	15	(15)	3	6,567	(6,885)	15
Total	Total	1,916,899	(410,897)	204	2,498	(459)	10	1,919,397	(411,356)	214	Total	291,831	(63,151)		42	15	(15)	3	291,846	(63,166)	45

(1)Includes non-Agency CMBS with a fair value of $129.7 million for which the fair value option has been elected. These securities have unrealized losses of $40.2 million.

(2)Unrealized losses on available-for-sale non-Agency CMBS are primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on market liquidity and underlying commercial real estate fundamentals. We have not recorded an allowance for credit losses on these securities as of June 30, 2020 based on a comparison of discounted expected cash flows to current amortized cost basis.

(3)Unrealized losses, other than those on available-for-sale non-Agency CMBS, relate to securities or embedded derivatives that are recorded at fair value through earnings. ~~There were 0 unrealize~~d losses on available-for-sale securities as of March 31, 2020 as those losses were recorded as impairments of the securities' amortized cost basis because we intended to sell or more likely than not would be required to sell the securities before recovery of amortized cost basis.

December 31, 2019


	Less than 12 Months					12 Months or More				Total
$ in thousands	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities	Fair Value	Unrealized Losses	Number of Securities
Agency RMBS:
15 year fixed-rate	957	(1)	2	362	(3)	4	1,319	(4)	6
30 year fixed-rate	255,649	(207)	3	34,009	(256)	5	289,658	(463)	8
Hybrid ARM	434	(2)	1	1,524	(46)	3	1,958	(48)	4
Total Agency RMBS pass-through ⁽¹⁾	257,040	(210)	6	35,895	(305)	12	292,935	(515)	18
Agency-CMO ⁽²⁾	67,875	(1,194)	15	6,155	(1,513)	13	74,030	(2,707)	28
Agency CMBS ⁽³⁾	1,743,800	(50,521)	58	—	—	—	1,743,800	(50,521)	58
Non-Agency CMBS ⁽⁴⁾	203,129	(2,783)	19	101,021	(11,425)	7	304,150	(14,208)	26
Non-Agency RMBS ⁽⁵⁾	26,283	(3,935)	14	12,199	(636)	2	38,482	(4,571)	16
GSE CRT⁽⁶⁾	77,044	(74)	4	—	—	—	77,044	(74)	4
Total	2,375,171	(58,717)	116	155,270	(13,879)	34	2,530,441	(72,596)	150

(1)Includes Agency RMBS with a fair value of $271.3 million for which the fair value option has been elected. These securities have unrealized losses of $268,000.

(2)Includes Agency IO with fair value of $11.1 million for which the fair value option has been elected. These Agency IO have unrealized losses of $2.3 million.

(3)Fair value option has been elected for all Agency CMBS that are in an unrealized loss position.

(4)Includes non-Agency CMBS with a fair value of $181.5 million for which the fair value option has been elected. These securities have unrealized losses of $2.8 million.

(5)Includes non-Agency RMBS and non-Agency IO with a fair value of $17.6 million and $8.5 million, respectively, for which the fair value option has been elected. These securities have unrealized losses of $261,000 and $3.7 million, respectively.

(6)Fair value option has been elected for all GSE CRT that are in an unrealized loss position.

On January 1, 2020, we adopted accounting guidance that requires us to estimate an allowance for credit losses on available-for-sale securities in unrealized loss positions. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, ~~there was no~~we have not recorded an allowance for credit losses ~~recorded because we did not hold~~on any ~~available-for-sale securities that were in unrealized loss positions.~~of our securities. We did not record any provisions for credit losses on our condensed consolidated statement of operations during the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020. We recorded impairments of ~~$78.8~~$6.3 million and $85.1 million on our condensed consolidated statement of operations during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, because we intended to sell or more likely than not would be required to sell the securities before recovery of amortized cost basis. ~~We still held these securities as of March 31, 2020.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

Prior to January 1, 2020, we assessed our investment securities for other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") on a quarterly basis. When the fair value of an investment was less than its amortized cost at the balance sheet date of the reporting

Table of Contents

period for which impairment was assessed, the impairment was designated as either "temporary" or "other-than-temporary." This analysis included a determination of estimated future cash flows through an evaluation of the characteristics of the underlying loans and the structural features of the investment. Underlying loan characteristics reviewed included, but were not limited to, delinquency status, loan-to-value ratios, borrower credit scores, occupancy status and geographic concentration.

The following table summarizes OTTI included in earnings ~~for~~during the three and six months ended ~~March~~June 30, 2019:

~~Three Months Ended March 31,~~

~~$ in thousands~~

~~2019~~

~~RMBS interest-only securities~~

~~1,463~~

~~Non-Agency RMBS~~ ⁽¹⁾

~~313~~

~~Total~~

~~1,776~~


	Three months ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands		2019	2019
RMBS interest-only securities		489	1,952
Non-Agency RMBS ⁽¹⁾		711	1,024

Total		1,200	2,976

(1)Amounts disclosed relate to credit losses on debt securities for which a portion of an other-than-temporary impairment was recognized in other comprehensive income.

OTTI on RMBS interest-only securities was recorded as a reclassification from an unrealized to realized loss within gain (loss) on investments, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations because we account for these securities under the fair value option.

The following table summarizes the components of our total gain (loss) on investments, net for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019.


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Gross realized gains on sale of investments	Gross realized gains on sale of investments	328,128	1,202	Gross realized gains on sale of investments	253,737	3,957	581,865	5,159
Gross realized losses on sale of investments	Gross realized losses on sale of investments	(332,413)	(12,317)	Gross realized losses on sale of investments	(658,476)	(1,928)	(990,889)	(14,245)
Impairment of investments the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost basis	Impairment of investments the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost basis	(78,834)	—	Impairment of investments the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost basis	(6,287)	—	(85,121)	—
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	Other-than-temporary impairment losses	—	(1,776)	Other-than-temporary impairment losses	—	(1,200)	—	(2,976)
Net unrealized gains and losses on MBS accounted for under the fair value option	Net unrealized gains and losses on MBS accounted for under the fair value option	(514,503)	280,039	Net unrealized gains and losses on MBS accounted for under the fair value option	(34,498)	304,692	(549,001)	584,731
Net unrealized gains and losses on GSE CRT accounted for under the fair value option	Net unrealized gains and losses on GSE CRT accounted for under the fair value option	(152,369)	1,234	Net unrealized gains and losses on GSE CRT accounted for under the fair value option	139,943	(3,339)	(12,426)	(2,105)
Net unrealized gains and losses on commercial loan and loan participation interest	Net unrealized gains and losses on commercial loan and loan participation interest	(5,492)	—	Net unrealized gains and losses on commercial loan and loan participation interest	3,023	—	(2,469)	—
Realized loss on loan participation interest				Realized loss on loan participation interest	(3,808)	—	(3,808)	—
Total gain (loss) on investments, net	Total gain (loss) on investments, net	(755,483)	268,382	Total gain (loss) on investments, net	(306,366)	302,182	(1,061,849)	570,564

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The following tables present components of interest income recognized on our MBS and GSE CRT portfolio for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019. GSE CRT interest income excludes coupon interest associated with embedded derivatives of ~~$4.7~~$1.1 million and $5.8 million for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 (2019: ~~$5.4~~$5.3 million and $10.7 million), respectively, that is recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net.

For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Coupon Interest	Net (Premium Amortization)/Discount Accretion	Interest Income	$ in thousands	Coupon Interest	Net (Premium Amortization)/Discount Accretion	Interest Income
Agency RMBS	Agency RMBS	105,878	(20,913)	84,965	Agency RMBS	1,561	(894)	667
Agency CMBS	Agency CMBS	33,995	(1,666)	32,329	Agency CMBS	1,827	(78)	1,749
Non-Agency CMBS	Non-Agency CMBS	42,218	5,058	47,276	Non-Agency CMBS	20,444	4,473	24,917
Non-Agency RMBS	Non-Agency RMBS	10,760	2,698	13,458	Non-Agency RMBS	1,524	(178)	1,346
GSE CRT	GSE CRT	8,507	(1,750)	6,757	GSE CRT	1,500	(536)	964
Other	Other	751	—	751	Other	(15)	—	(15)
Total	Total	202,109	(16,573)	185,536	Total	26,841	2,787	29,628

For the three months ended June 30, 2019


$ in thousands	Coupon Interest	Net (Premium Amortization)/Discount Accretion	Interest Income
Agency RMBS	131,757	(17,153)	114,604
Agency CMBS	17,862	(909)	16,953
Non-Agency CMBS	40,615	3,350	43,965
Non-Agency RMBS	13,877	2,800	16,677
GSE CRT	9,426	(1,852)	7,574
Other	964	—	964
Total	214,501	(13,764)	200,737

For the six months ended June 30, 2020


$ in thousands	Coupon Interest	Net (Premium Amortization)/Discount Accretion	Interest Income
Agency RMBS	107,439	(21,807)	85,632
Agency CMBS	35,822	(1,744)	34,078
Non-Agency CMBS	62,662	9,531	72,193
Non-Agency RMBS	12,284	2,520	14,804
GSE CRT	10,007	(2,286)	7,721
Other	736	—	736
Total	228,950	(13,786)	215,164

For the six months ended June 30, 2019


$ in thousands	Coupon Interest	Net (Premium Amortization)/Discount Accretion	Interest Income
Agency RMBS	251,483	(29,347)	222,136
Agency CMBS	28,333	(1,440)	26,893
Non-Agency CMBS	79,445	6,381	85,826
Non-Agency RMBS	28,144	6,722	34,866
GSE CRT	18,022	(3,030)	14,992
Other	1,516	—	1,516
Total	406,943	(20,714)	386,229

1415

Table of Contents

~~For the three months ended March 31, 2019~~

$ in thousands Coupon
Interest Net (Premium
Amortization)/Discount
Accretion Interest
Income
Agency RMBS 119,726 (12,194) 107,532
Agency CMBS 10,471 (531) 9,940
Non-Agency CMBS 38,830 3,031 41,861
Non-Agency RMBS 14,267 3,922 18,189
GSE CRT 8,596 (1,178) 7,418
Other 552 — 552
Total 192,442 (6,950) 185,492

Note 5 – Other Assets

The following table summarizes our other assets as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	$ in thousands	June 30, 2020	December 31, 2019
FHLBI stock	FHLBI stock	74,250	74,250	FHLBI stock	37,688	74,250
Loan participation interest	Loan participation interest	21,577	44,654	Loan participation interest	—	44,654
Commercial loan, held-for-investment	Commercial loan, held-for-investment	22,577	24,055	Commercial loan, held-for-investment	21,792	24,055
Investments in unconsolidated ventures	Investments in unconsolidated ventures	21,088	21,998	Investments in unconsolidated ventures	19,246	21,998
Prepaid expenses and other assets	Prepaid expenses and other assets	1,501	1,223	Prepaid expenses and other assets	786	1,223
Total	Total	140,993	166,180	Total	79,512	166,180

IAS Services LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary, is required to purchase and hold Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis ("FHLBI") stock as a condition of membership in the FHLBI. The stock is recorded at cost.

We ~~have~~had a participation interest in a secured loan collateralized by mortgage servicing rights that bears interest at a floating rate based on LIBOR plus a spread. We sold our participation interest for $21.6 million on April 1, 2020. The weighted average asset yield for the participation interest was ~~6.32% as of March 31, 2020 and~~ 5.82% as of December 31, 2019. We recorded ~~an unrealized~~a realized loss of $3.8 million onupon sale of the participation ~~interest in the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 0 unrealized gain or loss in the three months ended March 31, 2019~~. ~~We sold our participation interest for $21.6 million on April 1, 2020.~~interest.

We have an investment in a commercial loan that matures in February 2021. The loan had a weighted average coupon rate of ~~10.08%~~8.67% as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 10.19% as of December 31, 2019. As discussed in Note 2- "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies", we elected the fair value option for this loan on January 1, 2020 and recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to increase retained earnings by $342,000 on January 1, 2020. We recorded an unrealized loss on this loan of ~~$1.7~~$785,000 and $2.5 million induring the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, based on a discounted cash flow valuation prepared by an independent pricing service. We previously reported this loan at amortized cost on our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

We have invested in unconsolidated ventures that are managed by an affiliate of our Manager. The unconsolidated ventures invest in our target assets. Refer to Note 14 - "Commitments and Contingencies" for additional details regarding our commitments to these unconsolidated ventures.

1516

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Note 6 – Borrowings

~~We finance~~We have historically financed the majority of our investment portfolio through repurchase agreements and secured loans. We repaid all of our repurchase agreements as of May 7, 2020 and did not have any repurchase agreement borrowings as of June 30, 2020. The following tables summarize certain characteristics of our borrowings at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Refer to Note 7 - ~~"Collateral~~"Collateral Positions" for collateral pledged and held under our repurchase agreements and secured loans.

$ in thousands March 31, 2020
Weighted
Weighted Average
Average Remaining
Amount Interest Maturity
Outstanding Rate (days)
Repurchase Agreements:
Agency RMBS 1,571,471 1.40 % 13
Agency CMBS 1,622,054 1.37 % 18
Non-Agency CMBS 1,833,234 2.16 % 8
Non-Agency RMBS 549,868 2.22 % 7
GSE CRT 692,081 2.15 % 11
Loan participation interest 19,038 2.50 % 149
Total Repurchase Agreements 6,287,746 1.77 % 13
Secured Loans 1,350,000 1.29 % 1839
Total Borrowings 7,637,746 1.69 % 335

$ in thousands

June 30, 2020

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Amount

Interest

Maturity

Outstanding

Rate

(days)

Secured Loans

740,000

0.62

158

Total Borrowings

740,000

0.62

158


$ in thousands	December 31, 2019
							Weighted
					Weighted		Average
					Average		Remaining
		Amount			Interest		Maturity
		Outstanding			Rate		(days)
Repurchase Agreements:
Agency RMBS	9,666,964		1.95	%		46
Agency CMBS	4,246,359		1.95	%		43
Non-Agency CMBS	2,041,968		2.71	%		14
Non-Agency RMBS	790,412		2.65	%		16
GSE CRT	753,110		2.70	%		13
Loan participation interest	33,490		3.22	%		240
Total Repurchase Agreements	17,532,303		2.11	%		39
Secured Loans	1,650,000		1.93	%		1587

Total Borrowings	19,182,303		2.09	%		172

~~Table of Contents~~

The following table shows the aggregate amount of maturities of our outstanding borrowings:


$ in thousands			As of
Borrowings maturing within:			~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020
4/7/1/2020 - ~~3/31/~~6/30/2021⁽¹⁾			~~6,387,746~~740,000




~~4/1/2021 - 3/31/2022~~Thereafter			—
~~4/1/2022 - 3/31/2023~~			—
~~4/1/2023 - 3/31/2024~~			—
~~4/1/2024 - 3/31/2025~~			—
~~Thereafter~~ ⁽¹⁾			~~1,250,000~~
Total			~~7,637,746~~740,000

~~(1)~~

Secured Loans

As ~~discussed~~of June 30, 2020, IAS Services LLC had $740.0 million in ~~Note 15 - "Subsequent Events"~~outstanding secured loans from the FHLBI. These secured loans have variable rates that are based on the FHLBI's short-term cost of funds. For the six months ended June 30, 2020, IAS Services LLC had weighted average borrowings of $1.13 billion with a weighted average borrowing rate of 1.48%, inand a weighted average maturity of 0.4 years.

In April 2020, the FHLBI ~~accelerated~~modified the ~~repayment date~~terms of our ~~$1.35 billion of~~ secured loans ~~that were outstanding~~ because we were not in compliance with all of the financial covenants of our secured loan agreements atas of March 31, 2020. ~~We repaid $512.5 million~~The modified loan terms require repayment of our secured loans ~~between April 1,~~by December 2020 ~~and May 31, 2020. The remaining balance of~~but allow for prepayment at any time without penalty. We intend to repay our secured loans ~~of $837.5 million is due~~ by December ~~2020.~~2020 with proceeds from sales of mortgage-backed securities that are collateralizing our secured loans. We determined that the modification of our loan terms was a troubled debt restructuring that did not impact the accounting for our secured loans.

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Repurchase Agreements

As discussed in Note 1 - “Organization and Business Operations”, we received an unusually high number of margin calls from our repurchase agreement counterparties during March 2020 following significant spread widening in both Agency and non-Agency securities. WeAs a result, we were unable to meet margin ~~calls as of March 23, 2020~~ and were not in compliance with all of the financial covenants of our repurchase agreements as of March 31, 2020. Certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties entered into forbearance discussions with us ~~during the period between March 23, 2020 and March 31, 2020~~ and permitted our repurchase agreements to remain outstanding while we were not in compliance.

In addition, ~~between March 23, 2020 and March 31, 2020,~~ certain of our counterparties seized and sold securities that we had posted as collateral for our repurchase agreements. ~~We recorded early termination~~Gains and ~~legal fees paid to our counterparties that were~~losses associated with the termination of these repurchase agreements are reported as a ~~loss~~net gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

We repaid all of our repurchase agreements as of May 7, 2020 ~~as discussed in Note 15 - “Subsequent Events”.~~

~~Our~~and did not have any repurchase agreement ~~collateral pledged ratio (MBS, GSE CRTs and a loan participation interest pledged as collateral/amount outstanding) was 106%~~borrowings as of ~~March 31, 2020 (December 31, 2019: 109%).~~

~~Secured Loans~~

As of March 31, 2020, IAS Services LLC had $1.35 billion in outstanding secured loans from the FHLBI. These secured loans have floating rates that are based on the three-month FHLB swap rate plus a spread. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, IAS Services LLC had weighted average borrowings of $1.48 billion with a weighted average borrowing rate of 1.83% and a weighted average maturity of 5.0 years.

~~We were not in compliance with all of the financial covenants of our secured loan agreements as of March 31,~~June 30, 2020. ~~As a result, the FHLBI modified the terms of our secured loans and accelerated the repayment date of our secured loans in the second quarter of 2020 as discussed in Note 15 - "Subsequent Events".~~

~~Table of Contents~~

Note 7 - Collateral Positions

The following table summarizes the fair value of collateral that we pledged and held under our repurchase agreements, secured loans, interest rate swaps and currency forward contracts as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. Refer to Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Fair Value Measurements" of our consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 for a description of how we determine fair value. RMBS, CMBS and GSE CRT collateral pledged is included in mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Loan participation interest collateral pledged iswas included in other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Cash collateral pledged on secured loans, centrally cleared interest rate swaps, and currency forward contracts is classified as restricted cash on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Cash collateral pledged on repurchase agreements iswas classified as due from counterparties on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Agency CMBS purchase commitments that are recorded as mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets cannot be pledged as collateral until these securities settle. We held approximately ~~$507.2 million and~~ $96.2 million of these securities as of ~~March 31, 2020 and~~ December 31, ~~2019, respectively.~~2019. We did 0t have any Agency CMBS purchase commitments as of June 30, 2020.

Cash collateral held on repurchase agreements that is not restricted for use is included in cash and cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated balance sheets and the liability to return the collateral is included in collateral held payable. Non-cash collateral held is only recognized if the counterparty defaults or if we sell the pledged collateral. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we did not recognize any non-cash collateral held on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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$ in thousands	$ in thousands	As of				$ in thousands	As of
Collateral Pledged	Collateral Pledged	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	Collateral Pledged	June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Repurchase Agreements:	Repurchase Agreements:			Repurchase Agreements:
Agency RMBS	Agency RMBS	1,699,937	10,187,555	Agency RMBS	—		10,187,555
Agency CMBS	Agency CMBS	1,736,097	4,446,384	Agency CMBS	—		4,446,384
Non-Agency CMBS	Non-Agency CMBS	1,862,472	2,549,841	Non-Agency CMBS	—		2,549,841
Non-Agency RMBS	Non-Agency RMBS	606,289	943,176	Non-Agency RMBS	—		943,176
GSE CRT	GSE CRT	719,639	918,117	GSE CRT	—		918,117
Loan participation interest	Loan participation interest	21,577	44,654	Loan participation interest	—		44,654
Cash	Cash	394,424	32,568	Cash	—		32,568
Total repurchase agreements collateral pledged	Total repurchase agreements collateral pledged	7,040,435	19,122,295	Total repurchase agreements collateral pledged	—		19,122,295
Secured Loans:	Secured Loans:			Secured Loans:
Agency RMBS	Agency RMBS	298,361	621,471	Agency RMBS	—		621,471
Non-Agency CMBS	Non-Agency CMBS	1,096,812	1,276,418	Non-Agency CMBS	1,070,928		1,276,418
Restricted cash	Restricted cash	221,368	600	Restricted cash	929		600
Total secured loans collateral pledged	Total secured loans collateral pledged	1,616,541	1,898,489	Total secured loans collateral pledged	1,071,857		1,898,489
Interest Rate Swaps and Currency Forward Contracts:	Interest Rate Swaps and Currency Forward Contracts:			Interest Rate Swaps and Currency Forward Contracts:
Agency RMBS	Agency RMBS	—	189,780	Agency RMBS	—		189,780

Restricted cash	Restricted cash	320	116,395	Restricted cash	480		116,395
Total interest rate swaps and currency forward contracts collateral pledged	Total interest rate swaps and currency forward contracts collateral pledged	320	306,175	Total interest rate swaps and currency forward contracts collateral pledged	480		306,175

Total collateral pledged:	Total collateral pledged:			Total collateral pledged:
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	8,019,607	21,132,742	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	1,070,928		21,132,742
Loan participation interest	Loan participation interest	21,577	44,654	Loan participation interest	—		44,654
Cash	Cash	394,424	32,568	Cash	—		32,568
Restricted cash	Restricted cash	221,688	116,995	Restricted cash	1,409		116,995
Total collateral pledged ⁽¹⁾	Total collateral pledged ⁽¹⁾	8,657,296	21,326,959	Total collateral pledged ⁽¹⁾	1,072,337		21,326,959

		As of					As of
Collateral Held	Collateral Held	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	Collateral Held	June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Repurchase Agreements:	Repurchase Agreements:			Repurchase Agreements:
Cash	Cash	50,135	10	Cash	—		10
Non-cash collateral	Non-cash collateral	—	181	Non-cash collateral	—		181
Total repurchase agreements collateral held	Total repurchase agreements collateral held	50,135	191	Total repurchase agreements collateral held	—		191
Interest Rate Swaps:	Interest Rate Swaps:			Interest Rate Swaps:
Cash	Cash	—	160	Cash	—		160

Total interest rate swap collateral held	Total interest rate swap collateral held	—	160	Total interest rate swap collateral held	—		160

Total collateral held:	Total collateral held:			Total collateral held:
Cash	Cash	50,135	170	Cash	—		170
Non-cash collateral	Non-cash collateral	—	181	Non-cash collateral	—		181
Total collateral held	Total collateral held	50,135	351	Total collateral held	—		351

~~(1)~~Includes pledged securities of $534.5 million sold but not settled as of March 31, 2020 that are recorded as an investment related receivable on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. Securities associated with unsettled trades remain legally pledged until the related repurchase agreement is repaid. There were 0 securities pledged as collateral associated with unsettled trades as of December 31, 2019.

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Repurchase Agreements

Collateral pledged with our repurchase agreement counterparties is segregated in our books and records. The repurchase agreement counterparties have the right to resell and repledge the collateral posted but have the obligation to return the pledged collateral, or substantially the same collateral if agreed to by us, upon maturity of the repurchase agreement. Under the repurchase agreements, the respective lender retains the contractual right to mark the underlying collateral to fair value. We would be required to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls if the value of pledged assets declined.

Our repurchase agreement collateral pledged ratio (MBS, GSE CRTs and a loan participation interest pledged as collateral/amount outstanding) was 109% as of December 31, 2019. We did 0t have any repurchase agreements as of June 30, 2020.

Secured Loans

~~The ability to borrow from the FHLBI is subject to our continued creditworthiness, pledging of sufficient eligible collateral to secure advances, and compliance with FHLBI and FHFA rules.~~ Collateral pledged with the FHLBI is held in trust for the benefit of the FHLBI and is not commingled with our other assets. The FHLBI does not have the right to resell or repledge collateral posted unless an event of default occurs. The FHLBI retains the right to mark the underlying collateral for FHLBI advances to fair value as determined by the FHLBI in its sole discretion. IAS Services LLC would be required to provide additional collateral to meet margin calls if the value of pledged assets declines. See Note 156 - ~~"Subsequent Events"~~"Borrowings" for a discussion of the status of our FHLBI secured ~~loans as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.~~loans.

Interest Rate Swaps

All of the interest rate swaps that we have entered into during ~~the three months ended March 31,~~ 2020 were centrally cleared by a registered clearing organization such as the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (“CME”) and LCH Limited (“LCH”) through a Futures Commission Merchant (“FCM”). We are required to pledge initial margin and daily variation margin for our centrally cleared interest rate swaps that is based on the fair value of our contracts as determined by our FCM. Collateral pledged with our FCM is segregated in our books and records and can be in the form of cash or securities. Daily variation margin for centrally cleared interest rate swaps is characterized as settlement of the derivative itself rather than collateral and is recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net in our consolidated statements of operations. Our FCM agreements include cross default provisions. We were not a party to any interest rate swaps as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020.

Currency Forward Contracts

Our currency forward contract provides for bilateral collateral pledging based on market value as determined by our counterparty. Collateral pledged with our currency forward counterparty is segregated in our books and records and can be in the form of cash or securities. Our counterparty has the right to repledge the collateral posted, but has the obligation to return the pledged collateral, or substantially the same collateral, if agreed to by us, as the market value of the currency forward contract changes.

Note 8 – Derivatives and Hedging Activities

The following table summarizes changes in the notional amount of our derivative instruments during 2020:


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Notional Amount as of December 31, 2019	Additions	Settlement, Termination, Expiration or Exercise	Notional Amount as of March 31, 2020	$ in thousands	Notional Amount as of December 31, 2019	Additions	Settlement, Termination, Expiration or Exercise	Notional Amount as of June 30, 2020
Interest Rate Swaps	Interest Rate Swaps	14,000,000	93,675,000	(107,675,000)	—	Interest Rate Swaps	14,000,000	92,175,000	(106,175,000)	—

Currency Forward Contracts	Currency Forward Contracts	23,111	22,738	(23,111)	22,738	Currency Forward Contracts	23,111	45,674	(45,848)	22,937
Credit Derivatives	Credit Derivatives	464,966	—	(211,282)	253,684	Credit Derivatives	464,966	—	(380,047)	84,919

Total	Total	14,488,077	93,697,738	(107,909,393)	276,422	Total	14,488,077	92,220,674	(106,600,895)	107,856

Refer to Note 7 - "Collateral Positions" for further information regarding our collateral pledged to and received from our derivative counterparties.

Interest Rate Swaps

Our repurchase agreements are usually settled on a short-term basis ranging from one to six months. At each settlement date, we typically refinance each repurchase agreement at the market interest rate at that time. In addition, our secured loans have floating interest rates. As such, we are exposed to changing interest rates. Our objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposures to interest rate movements. To accomplish these objectives, we primarily use interest rate swaps as part of our interest rate risk management strategy. Interest rate swaps involve making fixed-rate payments to a counterparty in exchange for the receipt of variable-rate amounts over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount.

Table of Contents

Amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") before we discontinued cash flow hedge accounting for our interest rate swaps are reclassified to interest expense on repurchase agreements on the condensed

~~Table of Contents~~

consolidated statements of operations as interest is accrued and paid on the related repurchase agreements over the remaining life of the interest rate swap agreements. We reclassified ~~$10.1~~$4.5 million and $14.6 million as a decrease ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: $5.9 million and $11.8 million as a decrease) to interest expense for the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively. We increased the amount of gains and losses reclassified as a decrease to interest expense during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 by ~~$4.2~~$2.7 million because it is probable that the original forecasted repurchase agreement transactions will not occur by the end of the originally specified time period. During the next 12 months, we estimate that ~~$19.1~~$20.0 million will be reclassified as a decrease to interest expense, repurchase agreements. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, ~~$65.8~~$61.3 million (December 31, 2019: $75.9 million) of unrealized gains on discontinued cash flow hedges, net are still included in accumulated other comprehensive income and will be reclassified as a decrease to interest expense, repurchase agreements over a period of time through December 15, 2023.

We did 0t have any interest rate swaps outstanding as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. As of December 31, 2019, we had interest rate swaps with the following maturities outstanding:


$ in thousands	As of December 31, 2019
Maturities	Notional Amount⁽¹⁾	Weighted Average Fixed Pay Rate		Weighted Average Receive Rate		Weighted Average Years to Maturity
2020	1,900,000	1.67	%	1.84	%	0.6
2021	2,500,000	1.40	%	1.77	%	1.3
2022	800,000	1.53	%	1.91	%	2.9
2023	2,400,000	1.44	%	1.72	%	3.9
2024	900,000	1.49	%	1.76	%	4.8
Thereafter	5,500,000	1.44	%	1.78	%	9.5
Total	14,000,000	1.47	%	1.79	%	5.2

(1)Notional amount includes $10.7 billion of interest rate swaps that received variable payments based on 1-month LIBOR and $3.3 billion of interest rate swaps that received variable payments based on 3-month LIBOR as of December 31, 2019.

Futures and Currency Forward Contracts

We purchase or sell U.S. Treasury futures contracts to help mitigate the potential impact of changes in interest rates on the performance of our investment portfolio. We recognize realized and unrealized gains and losses associated with the purchases or sales U.S. Treasury futures contracts in gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We did not have any futures contract outstanding as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

We use currency forward contracts to help mitigate the potential impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on our investments denominated in foreign currencies. We recognize realized and unrealized gains and losses associated with the purchases or sales of currency forward contracts in gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we had ~~$22.7~~$22.9 million (December 31, 2019: $23.1 million) of notional amount of currency forward contracts related to an investment in an unconsolidated venture denominated in Euro.

Credit Derivatives

Our GSE CRTs purchased prior to August 24, 2015 are accounted for as hybrid financial instruments consisting of a debt host contract and an embedded credit derivative. Embedded derivatives associated with GSE CRTs are recorded within mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, at fair value, on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. At ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, terms of the GSE CRT embedded derivatives are:


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	$ in thousands	June 30, 2020	December 31, 2019
Fair value amount	Fair value amount	(29,772)	10,281	Fair value amount	(17,223)	10,281
Notional amount	Notional amount	253,684	464,966	Notional amount	84,919	464,966
Maximum potential amount of future undiscounted payments	Maximum potential amount of future undiscounted payments	253,684	464,966	Maximum potential amount of future undiscounted payments	84,919	464,966

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Tabular Disclosure of the Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Balance Sheet

The table below presents the fair value of our derivative financial instruments, as well as their classification on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

$ in thousands

Derivative Assets

Derivative Liabilities

Derivative Assets

Derivative Liabilities

As of March 31, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

As of March 31, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

As of June 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

As of June 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

Balance
Sheet

Fair Value

Balance
Sheet

Fair Value

Balance
Sheet

Fair Value

Balance
Sheet

Fair Value

Interest Rate Swaps Asset

—

18,533

Interest Rate Swaps Liability

—

Interest Rate Swaps Asset

—

18,533

Interest Rate Swaps Liability

—

Currency Forward Contracts

—

Currency Forward Contracts

302

352

Currency Forward Contracts

—

Currency Forward Contracts

507

352

Total Derivative Assets

—

18,533

Total Derivative Liabilities

302

352

Total Derivative Assets

—

18,533

Total Derivative Liabilities

507

352

Tabular Disclosure of the Effect of Derivative Instruments on the Income Statement

The tables below present the effect of our credit derivatives on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019.

$ in thousands

Three months ended March 31, 2020

$ in thousands

Three months ended June 30, 2020

Derivative
not designated as
hedging instrument

Realized gain (loss), net

GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest

Unrealized gain (loss), net

Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net

Derivative
not designated as
hedging instrument

Realized gain (loss), net

GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest

Unrealized gain (loss), net

Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

2,283

4,718

(40,053)

(33,052)

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

(16,414)

1,127

12,549

(2,738)

$ in thousands

Three months ended March 31, 2019

$ in thousands

Three months ended June 30, 2019

Derivative
not designated as
hedging instrument

Realized gain (loss), net

GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest

Unrealized gain (loss), net

Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net

Derivative
not designated as
hedging instrument

Realized gain (loss), net

GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest

Unrealized gain (loss), net

Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

—

5,350

2,534

7,884

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

—

5,300

(7,738)

(2,438)

$ in thousands

Six months ended June 30, 2020

Derivative
not designated as
hedging instrument

Realized gain (loss), net

GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest

Unrealized gain (loss), net

Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

(14,131)

5,845

(27,504)

(35,790)

$ in thousands

Six months ended June 30, 2019

Derivative
not designated as
hedging instrument

Realized gain (loss), net

GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest

Unrealized gain (loss), net

Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

—

10,650

(5,204)

5,446

Table of Contents

The following tables summarizes the effect of interest rate swaps, futures contracts and currency forward contracts reported in gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019:


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020								$ in thousands	Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net		Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net
Interest Rate Swaps		(904,704)	11,924	(18,532)	(911,312)

Currency Forward Contracts	Currency Forward Contracts	484	—	49	533	Currency Forward Contracts	(138)	—	(205)		(343)

Total	Total	(904,220)	11,924	(18,483)	(910,779)	Total	(138)	—	(205)		(343)


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019								$ in thousands	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net		Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net
Interest Rate Swaps	Interest Rate Swaps	(165,884)	4,509	12,991	(148,384)	Interest Rate Swaps	(241,839)	7,525	(39,922)		(274,236)
Futures Contracts	Futures Contracts	(66,688)	—	12,944	(53,744)	Futures Contracts	(65,953)	—	(4,490)		(70,443)
Currency Forward Contracts	Currency Forward Contracts	185	—	483	668	Currency Forward Contracts	553	—	(607)		(54)

Total	Total	(232,387)	4,509	26,418	(201,460)	Total	(307,239)	7,525	(45,019)		(344,733)


$ in thousands	Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net
Interest Rate Swaps	(904,704)	11,924	(18,532)	(911,312)

Currency Forward Contracts	346	—	(156)	190

Total	(904,358)	11,924	(18,688)	(911,122)


$ in thousands	Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net
Interest Rate Swaps	(407,723)	12,034	(26,931)	(422,620)
Futures Contracts	(132,641)	—	8,454	(124,187)
Currency Forward Contracts	738	—	(124)	614

Total	(539,626)	12,034	(18,601)	(546,193)

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Note 9 – Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

Certain of our repurchase agreements and derivative transactions are governed by underlying agreements that generally provide for a right of offset under master netting arrangements (or similar agreements) in the event of default or in the event of bankruptcy of either party to the transactions. Assets and liabilities subject to such arrangements are presented on a gross basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following tables present information about the assets and liabilities that are subject to master netting agreements (or similar agreements) and can potentially be offset on our condensed consolidated balance sheets at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The daily variation margin payment for centrally cleared interest rate swaps is characterized as settlement of the derivative itself rather than collateral. Our derivative asset of $18.5 million as of December 31, 2019 related to centrally cleared interest rate swaps is not included in the table below as a result of this characterization of daily variation margin.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020


					Gross Amounts Not Offset with Financial Assets (Liabilities) in the Balance Sheets								Gross Amounts Not Offset with Financial Assets (Liabilities) in the Balance Sheets
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets (Liabilities)	Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheets	Net Amounts of Assets (Liabilities) Presented in the Balance Sheets	Financial Instruments ⁽²⁾	Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged	Net Amount	$ in thousands	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets (Liabilities)	Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheets	Net Amounts of Assets (Liabilities) Presented in the Balance Sheets	Financial Instruments ⁽²⁾	Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged	Net Amount
Liabilities	Liabilities							Liabilities
Derivatives ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	Derivatives ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	(302)	—	(302)	—	302	—	Derivatives ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	(507)	—	(507)	—	480	(27)
Repurchase Agreements ⁽³⁾		(6,287,746)	—	(6,287,746)	6,287,746	—	—

Secured Loans ⁽⁴⁾⁽³⁾	Secured Loans ⁽⁴⁾⁽³⁾	(1,350,000)	—	(1,350,000)	1,350,000	—	—	Secured Loans ⁽⁴⁾⁽³⁾	(740,000)	—	(740,000)	740,000	—	—
Total Liabilities	Total Liabilities	(7,638,048)	—	(7,638,048)	7,637,746	302	—	Total Liabilities	(740,507)	—	(740,507)	740,000	480	(27)

As of December 31, 2019


					Gross Amounts Not Offset with Financial Assets (Liabilities) in the Balance Sheets								Gross Amounts Not Offset with Financial Assets (Liabilities) in the Balance Sheets
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets (Liabilities)	Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheets	Net Amounts of Assets (Liabilities) Presented in the Balance Sheets	Financial Instruments ⁽²⁾	Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged	Net Amount	$ in thousands	Gross Amounts of Recognized Assets (Liabilities)	Gross Amounts Offset in the Balance Sheets	Net Amounts of Assets (Liabilities) Presented in the Balance Sheets	Financial Instruments ⁽²⁾	Cash Collateral (Received) Pledged	Net Amount
Liabilities	Liabilities							Liabilities
Derivatives ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	Derivatives ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	(352)	—	(352)	—	320	(32)	Derivatives ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	(352)	—	(352)	—	320	(32)
Repurchase Agreements ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	Repurchase Agreements ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	(17,532,303)	—	(17,532,303)	17,532,303	—	—	Repurchase Agreements ⁽³⁾⁽⁴⁾	(17,532,303)	—	(17,532,303)	17,532,303	—	—
Secured Loans ⁽⁴⁾⁽³⁾	Secured Loans ⁽⁴⁾⁽³⁾	(1,650,000)	—	(1,650,000)	1,650,000	—	—	Secured Loans ⁽⁴⁾⁽³⁾	(1,650,000)	—	(1,650,000)	1,650,000	—	—
Total Liabilities	Total Liabilities	(19,182,655)	—	(19,182,655)	19,182,303	320	(32)	Total Liabilities	(19,182,655)	—	(19,182,655)	19,182,303	320	(32)

(1)Amounts represent collateral pledged that is available to be offset against liability balances associated with currency forward contracts.

(2)The fair value of securities pledged as initial margin against our centrally cleared swaps was $189.8 million as of December 31, 2019. Cash collateral pledged on our currency forward contracts and centrally cleared interest rate swaps was ~~$320,000~~$480,000 and $116.4 million as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Cash collateral pledged on our centrally cleared interest rate swaps is settled against the fair value of these swaps and is therefore excluded from the tables above. We held cash collateral on our derivatives of $160,000 at December 31, 2019.

(3)The fair value of securities pledged against our borrowing under repurchase agreements was $6.6 billion and $19.1 billion at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. We pledged cash collateral of $394.4 million and held cash collateral of $50.1 million under repurchase agreements as of March 31, 2020.

~~(4)The fair value of securities pledged against~~ IAS Services LLC's borrowings under secured loans was ~~$1.4~~$1.1 billion and $1.9 billion at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. We pledged cash collateral against secured loans of ~~$221.4 million~~$929,000 and $600,000 as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

(4)The fair value of securities pledged against our borrowing under repurchase agreements was $19.1 billion at December 31, 2019. We pledged cash collateral of $32.6 million and held cash collateral of $10,000 under repurchase agreements as of December 31, 2019.

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Note 10 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments

A three-level valuation hierarchy exists for disclosure of fair value measurements based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. Observable inputs reflect readily obtainable data from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. The three levels are defined as follows:

•Level 1 Inputs – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets.

•Level 2 Inputs – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable.

•Level 3 Inputs – Instruments with primarily unobservable value drivers.

The following tables present our assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis.


		March 31, 2020									June 30, 2020
		Fair Value Measurements Using:									Fair Value Measurements Using:
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	NAV as a practical expedient ⁽³⁾	Total at Fair Value	$ in thousands	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	NAV as a practical expedient ⁽³⁾	Total at Fair Value
Assets:	Assets:						Assets:
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	—	8,074,580	(29,772)	—	8,044,808	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	—	1,601,381	(17,223)	—	1,584,158

Other assets ⁽⁴⁾	Other assets ⁽⁴⁾	—	—	44,154	21,088	65,242	Other assets ⁽⁴⁾	—	—	21,792	19,246	41,038
Total assets	Total assets	—	8,074,580	14,382	21,088	8,110,050	Total assets	—	1,601,381	4,569	19,246	1,625,196
Liabilities:	Liabilities:						Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities	Derivative liabilities	—	302	—	—	302	Derivative liabilities	—	507	—	—	507
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	—	302	—	—	302	Total liabilities	—	507	—	—	507


	December 31, 2019
	Fair Value Measurements Using:
$ in thousands	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	NAV as a practical expedient ⁽³⁾	Total at Fair Value
Assets:
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities ⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	—	21,761,505	10,281	—	21,771,786
Derivative assets	—	18,533	—	—	18,533
Other assets ⁽⁴⁾	—	—	44,654	21,998	66,652
Total assets	—	21,780,038	54,935	21,998	21,856,971
Liabilities:
Derivative liabilities	—	352	—	—	352
Total liabilities	—	352	—	—	352

(1)For more detail about the fair value of our MBS and GSE CRTs, refer to Note 4 - "Mortgage-Backed and Credit Risk Transfer Securities."

(2)Our GSE CRTs purchased prior to August 24, 2015 are accounted for as hybrid financial instruments with an embedded derivative. The hybrid financial instruments consist of debt host contracts classified as Level 2 and embedded derivatives classified as Level 3. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, the net embedded derivative isliability position of $17.2 million includes $100,000 of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $17.3 million of embedded derivatives in a liability ~~of $29.8 million.~~position. As of December 31, 2019, the net embedded derivative asset position of $10.3 million includes $19.5 million of embedded derivatives in an asset position and $9.2 million of embedded derivatives in a liability position.

(3)Investments in unconsolidated ventures are valued using the net asset value ("NAV") as a practical expedient and are not subject to redemption, although investors may sell or transfer their interest at the approval of the general partner of the underlying funds. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the weighted average remaining term of our investments in unconsolidated ventures was 1.9 years ~~for both periods.~~and 2.2 years, respectively.

(4)Includes ~~$21.6 million and~~ $44.7 million of a loan participation interest as of ~~March 31, 2020 and~~ December 31, 2019 ~~respectively~~ and ~~$22.6~~$21.8 million of a commercial loan as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. We elected the fair value option for our commercial loan as of January 1, 2020 and valued itthe loan based on a third party appraisal as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. We sold the loan participation interest on April 1, ~~2020 and valued it at its sales price as of March 31,~~ 2020.

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The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value measurements of our GSE CRT embedded derivatives, which we have valued utilizing Level 3 inputs:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Beginning balance	Beginning balance	10,281	22,771	Beginning balance	(29,772)	25,305	10,281	22,771

Sales and settlements	Sales and settlements	(2,283)	—	Sales and settlements	16,414	—	14,131	—
Total net credit derivative gains (losses) included in net income:	Total net credit derivative gains (losses) included in net income:			Total net credit derivative gains (losses) included in net income:
Realized credit derivative gains (losses), net	Realized credit derivative gains (losses), net	2,283	—	Realized credit derivative gains (losses), net	(16,414)	—	(14,131)	—
Unrealized credit derivative gains (losses), net	Unrealized credit derivative gains (losses), net	(40,053)	2,534	Unrealized credit derivative gains (losses), net	12,549	(7,738)	(27,504)	(5,204)
Ending balance	Ending balance	(29,772)	25,305	Ending balance	(17,223)	17,567	(17,223)	17,567

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning and ending fair value measurements of our loan participation interest, which we have valued utilizing Level 3 inputs:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Beginning balance	Beginning balance	44,654	54,981	Beginning balance	21,577	53,827	44,654	54,981
Purchases/Advances	Purchases/Advances	—	577	Purchases/Advances	—	—	—	577
Repayments	Repayments	(19,269)	(1,731)	Repayments	—	(5,942)	(19,269)	(7,673)
Total net unrealized losses included in net income:
Unrealized losses		(3,808)	—
Sales				Sales	(21,577)	—	(21,577)	—
Total net gains and losses included in net income:				Total net gains and losses included in net income:
Realized losses				Realized losses	(3,808)	—	(3,808)	—
Net unrealized gains and losses				Net unrealized gains and losses	3,808	—	—	—
Ending balance	Ending balance	21,577	53,827	Ending balance	—	47,885	—	47,885

~~Unrealized~~Realized and unrealized losses on our loan participation interest are included in gain (loss) on investments, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The following table shows a reconciliation of the beginning balance of our commercial loan at amortized cost and ending balance at fair value, which we have valued utilizing Level 3 inputs:


			~~Three Months Ended March 31,~~
~~$ in thousands~~			~~2020~~
~~Beginning balance, at amortized cost~~			~~24,055~~
~~Cumulative effect of adoption of new accounting principle~~			~~342~~
~~Repayments~~			~~(136)~~
~~Total net unrealized losses included in net income:~~
~~Unrealized losses~~			~~(1,684)~~
~~Ending balance, at fair value~~			~~22,577~~


	Three Months Ended June 30,	Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	2020	2020
Beginning balance, at amortized cost	22,577	24,055
Cumulative effect of adoption of new accounting principle	—	342
Repayments	—	(136)
Total net unrealized losses included in net income:
Unrealized losses	(785)	(2,469)
Ending balance, at fair value	21,792��	21,792

Unrealized losses on our commercial loan are included in gain (loss) on investments, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

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The following tables summarize significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of our GSE CRT embedded derivatives:

Fair Value at

Valuation

Unobservable

Weighted

$ in thousands

~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020

Technique

Input

Range

Average

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

~~(29,772)~~(17,223)

Market Comparables, Vendor Pricing

Weighted average life

~~1.1~~1.9 - ~~4.1~~2.8 years

~~3.0~~2.2 years

Fair Value at

Valuation

Unobservable

Weighted

$ in thousands

December 31, 2019

Technique

Input

Range

Average

GSE CRT Embedded Derivatives

10,281

Market Comparables, Vendor Pricing

Weighted average life

1.1 - 4.2 years

2.9 years

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These significant unobservable inputs change according to market conditions and security performance. We estimate the weighted average life of GSE CRTs in order to identify GSE corporate debt with a similar maturity. We obtain our weighted average life estimates from a third party provider. Although weighted average life is a significant input, changes in weighted average life may not have an explicit directional impact on the fair value measurement.

The following table summarizes the significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of our commercial loan:

Fair Value at

Valuation

Unobservable

Fair Value at

Valuation

Unobservable

$ in thousands

March 31, 2020

Technique

Input

Rate

$ in thousands

June 30, 2020

Technique

Input

Rate

Commercial Loan

22,577

Discounted Cash Flow

Discount rate

16.4

Commercial Loan

21,792

Discounted Cash Flow

Discount rate

23.4

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments that are not carried at fair value on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:


		March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019				June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Carrying Value	Estimated Fair Value	Carrying Value	Estimated Fair Value	$ in thousands	Carrying Value	Estimated Fair Value	Carrying Value	Estimated Fair Value
Financial Assets	Financial Assets					Financial Assets
Commercial loan, held-for-investment ⁽¹⁾	Commercial loan, held-for-investment ⁽¹⁾	N/A	N/A	24,055	24,397	Commercial loan, held-for-investment ⁽¹⁾	N/A	N/A	24,055	24,397
FHLBI stock	FHLBI stock	74,250	74,250	74,250	74,250	FHLBI stock	37,688	37,688	74,250	74,250
Total	Total	74,250	74,250	98,305	98,647	Total	37,688	37,688	98,305	98,647
Financial Liabilities	Financial Liabilities					Financial Liabilities
Repurchase agreements	Repurchase agreements	6,287,746	6,284,295	17,532,303	17,534,344	Repurchase agreements	—	—	17,532,303	17,534,344
Secured loans	Secured loans	1,350,000	1,350,000	1,650,000	1,650,000	Secured loans	740,000	740,000	1,650,000	1,650,000
Total	Total	7,637,746	7,634,295	19,182,303	19,184,344	Total	740,000	740,000	19,182,303	19,184,344

(1)We elected the fair value option for our commercial loan on January 1, 2020.

The following describes our methods for estimating the fair value for financial instruments not carried at fair value on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

•The estimated fair value of our commercial loan, held-for-investment, included in "Other assets" on our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2019, is a Level 3 fair value measurement. The fair value was determined by an independent pricing service using a discounted cash flow analysis.

•The estimated fair value of FHLBI stock, included in "Other assets" on our condensed consolidated balance sheets, is a Level 3 fair value measurement. FHLBI stock may only be sold back to the FHLBI at its discretion at par. As a result, the cost of the FHLBI stock approximates its fair value.

•The estimated fair value of repurchase agreements is a Level 3 fair value measurement based on an expected present value technique. This method discounts future estimated cash flows using rates we determined best reflect current market interest rates that would be offered for repurchase agreements with similar characteristics and credit quality.

•The estimated fair value of secured loans is a Level 3 fair value measurement. ~~The~~As of June 30, 2020, the secured loans have variable rates based on the FHLBI's short-term cost of funds. As of December 31, 2020, the secured loans had floating rates based on an index plus a spread and the spread iswas typically consistent ~~with~~with those demanded in the

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market. Accordingly, the interest rates on these secured loans are at market, and thus the carrying amount approximates fair value.

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Note 11 – Related Party Transactions

Under the terms of our management agreement, our Manager and its affiliates provide us with our management team, including our officers and appropriate support personnel. Each of our officers is an employee of our Manager or one of its affiliates. We do not have any employees. Our Manager is not obligated to dedicate any of its employees exclusively to us, nor is our Manager obligated to dedicate any specific portion of time to our business. During the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we reimbursed our Manager $242,000 ~~(March 31,~~and $484,000 (June 30, 2019: ~~$183,000)~~$213,000 and $396,000), respectively, for costs of support ~~personnel that are fully dedicated to our business.~~personnel.

We have invested ~~$2.6~~$1.4 million as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 (December 31, 2019: $154.0 million) in money market or mutual funds managed by affiliates of our Manager. The investments are reported as cash and cash equivalents on our condensed consolidated balance sheets as they are highly liquid and have original or remaining maturities of three months or less when purchased.

Management Fee Expense

Effective October 1, 2019, our management fee is equal to 1.50% of our stockholders' equity per annum. For purposes of calculating the management fee, stockholders' equity is calculated as average month-end stockholders' equity for the prior calendar quarter as determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Stockholders' equity may exclude one-time events due to changes in U.S. GAAP and certain non-cash items upon approval by a majority of our independent directors.

Prior to October 1, 2019, we paid our Manager a management fee equal to 1.50% of our stockholders’ equity per annum. The fee was calculated and payable quarterly in arrears. For purposes of calculating the management fee, stockholders’ equity was equal to the sum of the net proceeds from all issuances of equity securities since inception including proceeds from the issuance of operating partnership units to an affiliate of our Manager, plus retained earnings at the end of the most recently completed calendar quarter (without taking into account any non-cash equity compensation expense incurred in then current or prior periods), less any amount paid to repurchase common stock since inception. Stockholders' equity excluded (i) any unrealized gains, losses or other items that did not affect realized net income (regardless of whether such items were included in other comprehensive income or loss, or in net income); (ii) cumulative net realized losses that are not attributable to permanently impaired investments and that related to the investments for which market movement was accounted for in other comprehensive income; provided, however, that such adjustment did not exceed cumulative unrealized net gains in other comprehensive income; (iii) one-time events pursuant to changes in U.S. GAAP; and (iv) certain non-cash items after discussions between our Manager and our independent directors and approval by a majority of our independent directors.

We do not pay any management fees on our investments in unconsolidated ventures that are managed by an affiliate of our Manager.

Expense Reimbursement

We are required to reimburse our Manager for operating expenses incurred on our behalf, including directors and officers insurance, accounting services, auditing and tax services, filing fees, and miscellaneous general and administrative costs. Our reimbursement obligation is not subject to any dollar limitation.

The following table summarizes the costs incurred on our behalf by our Manager for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019.

Three Months Ended March 31,
$ in thousands 2020 2019
Incurred costs, prepaid or expensed 2,214 1,604
Incurred costs, charged against equity as a cost of raising capital 62 320
Total incurred costs, originally paid by our Manager 2,276 1,924

~~Termination Fee~~

If we terminate our management agreement, we owe our Manager a termination fee equal to 3 times the sum of our average annual management fee during the 24-month period before termination, calculated as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter.

~~Table of Contents~~


	Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Incurred costs, prepaid or expensed	2,950	1,609	5,164	3,213
Incurred costs, charged against equity as a cost of raising capital	165	124	227	444
Total incurred costs, originally paid by our Manager	3,115	1,733	5,391	3,657

Note 12 – Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred Stock

Holders of our Series A Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends at an annual rate of 7.75% of the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share or $1.9375 per share per annum. Dividends are cumulative and payable quarterly in arrears.

Holders of our Series B Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends at an annual rate of 7.75% of the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share or $1.9375 per share per annum until December 27, 2024. After December 27, 2024, holders are entitled to receive dividends at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus a spread of 5.18% of the $25.00 liquidation preference per annum. Dividends are cumulative and payable quarterly in arrears.

Holders of our Series C Preferred Stock are entitled to receive dividends at an annual rate of 7.50% of the liquidation preference of $25.00 per share or $1.875 per share per annum until September 27, 2027. After September 27, 2027, holders are entitled to receive dividends at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus a spread of 5.289% of the $25.00 liquidation preference per annum. Dividends are cumulative and payable quarterly in arrears.

As of July ~~27,~~ 2017, we have the option to redeem shares of our Series A Preferred Stock for $25.00 per share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends through the date of redemption. We have the option to redeem shares of our Series B Preferred Stock after December 27, 2024 and shares of our Series C Preferred Stock after September 27, 2027 for $25.00 per

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share, plus any accumulated and unpaid dividends through the date of the redemption. Shares of Series B and Series C Preferred Stock are not redeemable, convertible into or exchangeable for any other property or any other securities of the Company prior to those times, except under circumstances intended to preserve our qualification as a REIT or upon the occurrence of a change in control.

~~In March 2019, we entered into an equity distribution agreement with a placement agent under which we~~We may sell up to 7,000,000 shares of our preferred stock from time to time in at-the-market or privately negotiated ~~transactions.~~transactions under an equity distribution agreement with a placement agent. These shares are registered with the SEC under our shelf registration statement (as amended and/or supplemented). We have not sold any shares of preferred stock under this equity distribution agreement through the filing date of this Quarterly Report.

Common Stock

On ~~February 6,~~June 30, 2020, we ~~completed a public offering of 20,700,000~~issued 16,338,511 shares of common stock atin connection with the ~~price~~payment of ~~$16.78 per share. Total net proceeds were approximately $347.0 million after deducting estimated offering costs.~~a common stock dividend. See "Dividends" below for further discussion of this payment.

We may sell up to 17,000,000 shares of our common stock from time to time in at-the-market or privately negotiated transactions under an equity distribution agreement with a placement agent. These shares are registered with the SEC under our shelf registration statement (as amended and/or supplemented). During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we did ~~not~~0t issue any shares of common stock under the equity distribution agreement. During the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019, we issued ~~572,000~~521,136 and 1,093,136 shares, respectively, of common stock under the equity distribution agreement for proceeds of ~~$9.1~~$8.2 million and $17.2 million, net of approximately ~~$193,000~~$170,000 and $363,000 in commissions and ~~fees.~~fees, respectively.

Share Repurchase Program

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019, we did 0t repurchase any shares of our common stock. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we had authority to purchase 18,163,982 shares of our common stock through our share repurchase program.

~~Share-Based Compensation~~

We recognized compensation expense of approximately $113,000 (March 31, 2019: $113,000) related to awards to our independent directors under our 2009 Equity Incentive Plan ("our Incentive Plan") for the three months ended March 31, 2020. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, we issued 6,170 shares and 7,065 shares of common stock, respectively, to our independent directors.

We recognized compensation expense of approximately $18,000 (March 31, 2019: $19,000) for the three months ended March 31, 2020 for restricted stock units awarded to employees of our Manager and its affiliates under our Incentive Plan. At March 31, 2020, there was approximately $155,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to restricted stock unit awards that is expected to be recognized over a period of up to 48 months, with a weighted-average remaining vesting period of 22 months.

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~~The following table summarizes the activity related to restricted stock units awarded to employees of our Manager and its affiliates for the three months ended March 31, 2020.~~

Three Months Ended March 31,
2020
Restricted Stock Units
Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value ⁽¹⁾
Unvested at the beginning of the period 12,520 $ 12.84
Shares granted during the period 2,996 16.08
Shares vested during the period (4,844) 14.82
Unvested at the end of the period 10,672 $ 12.85

~~(1)The grant date fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the closing market price of our common stock at the grant date.~~

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following tables present the components of total other comprehensive income (loss), net and accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI") for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019. The tables exclude gains and losses on MBS and GSE CRTs that are accounted for under the fair value option.


		Three Months Ended March 31, 2020								Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Equity method investments	Available-for-sale securities	Derivatives and hedging	Total	$ in thousands	Equity method investments	Available-for-sale securities	Derivatives and hedging	Total
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	Total other comprehensive income (loss)					Total other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	—	(186,605)	—	(186,605)	Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	—	(53,271)	—	(53,271)
Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	—	36,957	—	36,957	Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	—	34,782	—	34,782
Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	—	—	(10,067)	(10,067)	Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	—	—	(4,503)	(4,503)
Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	480	—	—	480	Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	(388)	—	—	(388)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	Total other comprehensive income (loss)	480	(149,648)	(10,067)	(159,235)	Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(388)	(18,489)	(4,503)	(23,380)

AOCI balance at beginning of period	AOCI balance at beginning of period	(645)	213,701	75,907	288,963	AOCI balance at beginning of period	(165)	64,053	65,840	129,728
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	Total other comprehensive income (loss)	480	(149,648)	(10,067)	(159,235)	Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(388)	(18,489)	(4,503)	(23,380)

AOCI balance at end of period	AOCI balance at end of period	(165)	64,053	65,840	129,728	AOCI balance at end of period	(553)	45,564	61,337	106,348

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	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
$ in thousands	Equity method investments	Available-for-sale securities	Derivatives and hedging	Total
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	—	47,188	—	47,188
Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	—	(121)	—	(121)
Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	—	—	(5,916)	(5,916)
Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	(320)	—	—	(320)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(320)	47,067	(5,916)	40,831

AOCI balance at beginning of period	237	183,160	93,785	277,182
Total other comprehensive income (loss)	(320)	47,067	(5,916)	40,831


AOCI balance at end of period	(83)	230,227	87,869	318,013


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
$ in thousands	Equity method investments	Available-for-sale securities	Derivatives and hedging	Total
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)
Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	—	(239,876)	—	(239,876)
Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	—	71,739	—	71,739
Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	—	—	(14,570)	(14,570)
Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	92	—	—	92
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)	92	(168,137)	(14,570)	(182,615)

AOCI balance at beginning of period	(645)	213,701	75,907	288,963
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)	92	(168,137)	(14,570)	(182,615)

AOCI balance at end of period	(553)	45,564	61,337	106,348

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Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
$ in thousands Equity method investments Available-for-sale securities Derivatives and hedging Total
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net — 52,349 — 52,349
Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net — 10,147 — 10,147
Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense — — (5,851) (5,851)
Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture (276) — — (276)
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (276) 62,496 (5,851) 56,369
AOCI balance at beginning of period 513 120,664 99,636 220,813
Total other comprehensive income (loss) (276) 62,496 (5,851) 56,369
AOCI balance at end of period 237 183,160 93,785 277,182


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
$ in thousands	Equity method investments	Available-for-sale securities	Derivatives and hedging	Total
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)
Unrealized gain (loss) on mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities, net	—	99,537	—	99,537
Reclassification of unrealized (gain) loss on sale of mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities to gain (loss) on investments, net	—	10,026	—	10,026
Reclassification of amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps to repurchase agreements interest expense	—	—	(11,767)	(11,767)
Currency translation adjustments on investment in unconsolidated venture	(596)	—	—	(596)
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)	(596)	109,563	(11,767)	97,200

AOCI balance at beginning of period	513	120,664	99,636	220,813
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)	(596)	109,563	(11,767)	97,200

AOCI balance at end of period	(83)	230,227	87,869	318,013

Amounts recorded in AOCI before we discontinued cash flow hedge accounting for our interest rate swaps are reclassified to interest expense on repurchase agreements on the condensed consolidated statements of operations as interest is accrued and paid on the related repurchase agreements over the remaining original life of the interest rate swap agreements.

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Dividends

~~On March 24, 2020,~~The tables below summarize the dividends we ~~announced that we would delay~~declared during the payment of quarterly dividends on our common and preferred stock to preserve liquidity until we could more accurately assess the impact of volatile market conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We had declared a cash dividend of $0.50 per share on our common stock on March 17, 2020 that was to be paid on April 28, 2020 to all stockholders of record as o~~f March~~six months ended June 30, 2020; a cash dividend of $0.4844 per share on our Series A Preferred Stock on March 17, 2020 that was to be paid on April 27, 2020 to stockholders of record as of April 1, 2020; a cash dividend of $0.4844 per share on our Series B Preferred Stock on February 18, 2020 that was to be paid on March 27, 2020 to stockholders of record as of March 5, 2020 and ~~a cash dividend of $0.46875 per share on our Series C Preferred Stock on February 18, 2020 that was to be paid on March 27, 2020 to stockholders of record as of March 5, 2020.~~ 2019:


$ in thousands, except per share amounts	Dividends Declared
Series A Preferred Stock	Per Share	In Aggregate	Date of Payment
2020

June 17, 2020	0.4844	2,712	July 27, 2020
March 17, 2020	0.4844	2,713	May 22, 2020
2019

June 17, 2019	0.4844	2,712	July 25, 2019
March 18, 2019	0.4844	2,713	April 25, 2019


$ in thousands, except per share amounts	Dividends Declared
Series B Preferred Stock	Per Share	In Aggregate	Date of Payment
2020

May 9, 2020	0.4844	3,004	June 29, 2020
February 18, 2020	0.4844	3,003	May 22, 2020
2019

May 3, 2019	0.4844	3,004	June 27, 2019
February 14, 2019	0.4844	3,003	March 27, 2019


$ in thousands, except per share amounts	Dividends Declared
Series C Preferred Stock	Per Share	In Aggregate	Date of Payment
2020

May 9, 2020	0.46875	5,390	June 29, 2020
February 18, 2020	0.46875	5,391	May 22, 2020
2019

May 3, 2019	0.46875	5,390	June 27, 2019
February 14, 2019	0.46875	5,391	March 27, 2019


$ in thousands, except per share amounts	Dividends Declared
Common Stock	Per Share	In Aggregate	Date of Payment
2020

June 17, 2020	0.02	3,626	July 28, 2020
March 17, 2020	0.50	82,483	June 30, 2020
2019

June 17, 2019	0.45	57,958	July 26, 2019
March 18, 2019	0.45	57,720	April 26, 2019

On May 9, 2020, our board of directors approved payment of ~~the previously declared preferred dividends in cash and payment of~~ our common stock dividend that was declared on March 17, 2020 in a combination of cash and shares of our common stock. Stockholders had the opportunity to elect payment of the dividend all in cash or all in common shares, subject to a limit of 10% or approximately $8.2 million of cash in the aggregate (excluding any cash paid in lieu of issuing fractional shares). On June 30, 2020, we paid the dividend through the issuance of 16,338,511 shares of common stock as ~~described~~and the payment of approximately $8.2 million in ~~Note 15 - "Subsequent Events".~~

cash. The ~~table below summarizes~~number of shares included in the ~~dividends we declared during~~dividend was calculated based on the ~~three months ended March 31, 2020~~$4.5435 volume weighted average trading price of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange on June 17, 18 and ~~2019:~~

$ in thousands, except per share amounts Dividends Declared
Series A Preferred Stock Per Share In Aggregate Date of Payment
2020
March 17, 2020 0.4844 2,713 May 22, 2020
2019
March 18, 2019 0.4844 2,713 April 25, 2019

$ in thousands, except per share amounts Dividends Declared
Series B Preferred Stock Per Share In Aggregate Date of Payment
2020
February 18, 2020 0.4844 3,003 May 22, 2020
2019
February 14, 2019 0.4844 3,003 March 27, 2019

$ in thousands, except per share amounts Dividends Declared
Series C Preferred Stock Per Share In Aggregate Date of Payment
2020
February 18, 2020 0.46875 5,391 May 22, 2020
2019
February 14, 2019 0.46875 5,391 March 27, 2019

$ in thousands, except per share amounts Dividends Declared
Common Stock Per Share In Aggregate Date of Payment
2020
March 17, 2020 0.50 82,483 June 30, 2020
2019
March 18, 2019 0.45 57,720 April 26, 2019

19, 2020.

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Note 13 – Earnings (Loss) per Common Share

Earnings (loss) per share for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019 is computed as follows:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
In thousands except per share amounts	In thousands except per share amounts	2020	2019	In thousands except per share amounts	2020	2019	2020	2019
Numerator (Income)	Numerator (Income)			Numerator (Income)
Basic Earnings:	Basic Earnings:			Basic Earnings:
Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	(1,627,299)	127,683	Net income (loss) available to common stockholders	(299,945)	7,230	(1,927,244)	134,913

Denominator (Weighted Average Shares)	Denominator (Weighted Average Shares)			Denominator (Weighted Average Shares)
Basic Earnings:	Basic Earnings:			Basic Earnings:
Shares available to common stockholders	Shares available to common stockholders	156,771	121,098	Shares available to common stockholders	166,943	128,659	161,857	124,900
Effect of dilutive securities:	Effect of dilutive securities:			Effect of dilutive securities:
Restricted stock awards	Restricted stock awards	—	12	Restricted stock awards	—	13	—	12

Dilutive Shares	Dilutive Shares	156,771	121,110	Dilutive Shares	166,943	128,672	161,857	124,912
Earnings (loss) per share:	Earnings (loss) per share:			Earnings (loss) per share:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders			Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Basic	Basic	(10.38)	1.05	Basic	(1.80)	0.06	(11.91)	1.08
Diluted	Diluted	(10.38)	1.05	Diluted	(1.80)	0.06	(11.91)	1.08

The following potential common shares were excluded from diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 as the effect would be antidilutive: ~~12,065~~10,672 and 11,366 for restricted stock ~~awards.~~awards, respectively.

Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and contingencies may arise in the ordinary course of business. Our material off-balance sheet commitments and contingencies as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 are discussed below.

As discussed in Note 5 - "Other Assets", we have invested $19.2 million in unconsolidated ventures that are sponsored by an affiliate of our Manager. The unconsolidated ventures are structured as partnerships, and we invest in the partnerships as a limited partner. The entities are structured such that capital commitments are to be drawn down over the life of the partnership as investment opportunities are identified. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, our undrawn capital and purchase commitments were ~~$6.4~~$6.5 million and $6.5 million, respectively.

As discussed in Note 5 - "Other Assets", we invested in a loan participation interest in a secured loan. We had an unfunded commitment to provide future financing for this loan participation interest of $49.6 million as of March 31, 2020. We sold our loan participation interest on April 1, 2020 for $21.6 million in cash and no longer have any future financing commitments related to this loan participation interest.

Note 15 – Subsequent Events

~~Sales of Investments and Repayment of Debt~~

Due to the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting disruption in the financial markets, we took various actions during the second quarter of 2020 to manage our investment portfolio and generate liquidity. Between April 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020, we sold additional MBS and GSE CRTs with a fair value of $6.2 billion at March 31, 2020 for cash proceeds of $5.9 billion and our loan participation interest for cash proceeds of $21.6 million. We repaid all of our repurchase agreements and $512.5 million of FHLBI secured loans with proceeds from these asset sales and the return of cash margin previously pledged on our repurchase agreements.

In April 2020, FHLBI modified the terms of our secured loans because we were not in compliance with all of the financial covenants of our secured loan agreements as of March 31, 2020. The modified loan terms require repayment of our secured loans by December 2020 but allow for repayment at any time without penalty. We intend to repay our secured loans by December 2020 with proceeds from sales of mortgage-backed securities that are collateralizing our secured loans. We determined that the modification of our loan ~~terms was a troubled debt restructuring that did not impact the accounting for our secured loans. The balance of our secured loans is $837.5 million as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.~~

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As discussed in Note 5 - "Other Assets," IAS Services LLC is required to purchase and hold a certain amount of FHLBI stock, which is based, in part, upon the outstanding principal balance of secured loans from the FHLBI. FHLBI redeemed a portion of our stock in connection with the repayment ~~of our secured loans discussed above. The balance of our FHLBI stock is $37.7 million as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.~~

~~Portfolio Update~~

As of May 31, 2020, we have a total investment portfolio, excluding cash and Agency CMBS purchase commitments, of approximately $1.6 billion consisting of 92% commercial credit investments, 7% residential credit investments, and 1% Agency mortgage-backed securities; approximately $540 million of the investment portfolio is unencumbered. Our portfolio has not materially changed between May 31, 2020 and the filing date of this Quarterly Report, and we are not a party to any interest rate swap contracts as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.

Between April 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020, we repaid the outstanding balance of our repurchase agreements (approximately $6.3 billion as of March 31, 2020). In addition, we repaid $512.5 million of our secured loans, reducing the outstanding balance of our secure~~d loans to $837.5 million as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.~~

~~As of May 31, 2020, we have a cash balance of $327.8 million, approximately $55.3 million of which is posted with FHLBI as collateral for our remaining secured loans.~~

Dividends

On May 9, 2020, our board of directors approved payment of the previously declared dividend of $0.50 per share of common stock (the "first quarter common stock dividend"). The first quarter common stock dividend will be paid on June 30, 2020 in a combination of cash and shares of the Company's common stock to stockholders of record as of May 21, 2020. The amount of cash paid to shareholders, other than cash paid in lieu of fractional shares, will not exceed 10% of the aggregate amount of the dividend. Shares issued in connection with our common stock dividend will be reflected in earnings per share prospectively. We recorded our first quarter common stock dividend as a reduction of retained earnings of $82.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2020.

On May 9, 2020, our board of directors also approved payment of the previously declared accumulated dividends on our Series A, Series B and Series C Preferred Stock described above. We paid our preferred dividends that were in arrears on May 22, 2020.

We declared the following dividends on our Series B and Series C Preferred Stock on ~~May 9,~~August 5, 2020 to our stockholders of record as of ~~June~~September 5, 2020: a Series B Preferred Stock dividend of $0.4844 per share payable on ~~June 29,~~September 28, 2020 and a Series C Preferred Stock dividend of $0.46875 per share payable on ~~June 29,~~September 28, 2020.

~~We declared the following dividends on~~Repayment of Secured Loans

In July 2020, we repaid $435.0 million of our ~~common stock and Series A Preferred Stock on June 17, 2020: a common stock dividend~~secured loans with proceeds from asset sales. The balance of ~~$0.02 per share payable on July 28, 2020 to stockholders of record~~our secured loans as of July 31, 2020 is $305.0 million.

Gain on Extinguishment of Debt

As discussed in Note 6 - "Borrowings", certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties seized and sold securities that we had posted as collateral for our repurchase agreements when we were unable to meet margin calls commencing on March 23, 2020. As of June 30, 2020, we recorded a liability of $22.9 million in investment related payables on our condensed consolidated balance sheet for a claim asserted by one of our counterparties. We entered into a mutual release of claims with this counterparty in July 2020 and settled the claim resulting in a ~~Series A Preferred Stock dividend~~gain on extinguishment of ~~$0.4844 per share payable on July 27, 2020 to stockholders~~debt of ~~record as~~$15.9 million that will be recorded in our condensed consolidated statement of ~~July 1,~~operations in the three months ended September 30, 2020.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

In this quarterly report on Form 10-Q, or this “Quarterly Report,” we refer to Invesco Mortgage Capital Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries as “we,” “us,” “our Company,” or “our,” unless we specifically state otherwise or the context indicates otherwise. We refer to our external manager, Invesco Advisers, Inc., as our “Manager,” and we refer to the indirect parent company of our Manager, Invesco Ltd. together with its consolidated subsidiaries (which does not include us), as “Invesco.”

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are included in Item 1 of this Report, as well as the information contained in our most recent Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

Forward-Looking Statements

We make forward-looking statements in this Report and other filings we make with the SEC within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and such statements are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provided by the same. Forward-looking statements are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond our control. These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of our business, investment strategies, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, plans and objectives. When we use the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “intend,” “project,” “forecast” or similar expressions and future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “may,” “could,” “should,” and “would,” and any other statement that necessarily depends on future events, we intend to identify forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those expressed in our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to:

•~~Ongoing~~ongoing spread and economic and operational impact of the COVID-19 pandemic;

•our business and investment strategy;

•our investment portfolio and expected investments;

•our projected operating results;

•general volatility of financial markets and effects of governmental responses, including actions and initiatives of the U.S. governmental agencies and changes to U.S. government policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, mortgage loan forbearance and modification programs, actions and initiatives of foreign governmental agencies and central banks, monetary policy actions of the Federal Reserve, including actions relating to its agency mortgage-backed securities portfolio ~~and the continuation of re-investment of principal payments,~~ and our ability to respond to and comply with such actions, initiatives and changes;

•the availability of financing sources, including our ability to obtain additional financing arrangements and the terms of such arrangements;

•financing and advance rates for our target assets;

•changes to our expected leverage;

•our expected book value per common share;

•interest rate mismatches between our target assets and our borrowings used to fund such investments;

•the adequacy of our cash flow from operations and borrowings to meet our short-term liquidity needs;

•our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity to meet our short-term liquidity needs;

•changes in the credit rating of the U.S. government;

•changes in interest rates and interest rate spreads and the market value of our target assets;

•changes in prepayment rates on our target assets;

•the impact of any deficiencies in ~~foreclosure practices~~loss mitigation of third parties and related uncertainty in the timing of collateral disposition;

•our reliance on third parties in connection with services related to our target assets;

•disruption of our information technology systems;

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•~~disruption of our information technology system;~~

•effects of hedging instruments on our target assets;

•rates of default or decreased recovery rates on our target assets;

•modifications to whole loans or loans underlying securities;

•the degree to which our hedging strategies may or may not protect us from interest rate volatility and foreign currency exchange rate;

•the degree to which derivative contracts expose us to contingent liabilities;

•counterparty defaults;

•compliance with financial covenants in our financing arrangements;

•changes in governmental regulations, zoning, insurance, eminent domain and tax law and rates, and similar matters and our ability to respond to such changes;

•our ability to maintain our qualification as a real estate investment trust for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

•our ability to maintain our ~~exception~~exemption from the definition of “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”);

•availability of investment opportunities in mortgage-related, real estate-related and other securities;

•availability of U.S. Government Agency guarantees with regard to payments of principal and interest on securities;

•the market price and trading volume of our capital stock;

•availability of qualified personnel of our Manager;

•the relationship with our Manager;

•estimates relating to taxable income and our ability to continue to make distributions to our stockholders in the future;

•estimates relating to fair value of our target assets and loan loss reserves;

•our understanding of our competition;

•changes to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”);

•the adequacy of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting; and

•market trends in our industry, interest rates, real estate values, the debt securities markets or the general economy.

The forward-looking statements are based on our beliefs, assumptions and expectations of our future performance, taking into account all information currently available to us. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. These beliefs, assumptions and expectations can change as a result of many possible events or factors, not all of which are known to us. Some of these factors are described under the headings “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and “Business.” If a change occurs, our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may vary materially from those expressed in our forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made. New risks and uncertainties arise over time, and it is not possible for us to predict those events or how they may affect us. Except as required by law, we are not obligated to, and do not intend to, update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Executive Summary

We are a Maryland corporation primarily focused on investing in, financing and managing residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities ("MBS") and mortgage loans. Our objective is to provide attractive risk-adjusted returns to our investors, primarily through dividends and secondarily through capital appreciation. To achieve this objective, we have historically invested in the following:

•Residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS") that are guaranteed by a U.S. government agency such as the Government National Mortgage Association ("Ginnie Mae") or a federally chartered corporation such as the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") or the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac") (collectively "Agency RMBS");

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•Commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") that are guaranteed by a U.S. government agency such as Ginnie Mae or a federally chartered corporation such as Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae (collectively "Agency CMBS");

•RMBS that are not guaranteed by a U.S. government agency or a federally chartered corporation ("non-Agency RMBS");

•CMBS that are not guaranteed by a U.S. government agency or a federally chartered corporation ("non-Agency CMBS");

•Credit risk transfer securities that are unsecured obligations issued by government-sponsored enterprises ("GSE CRT");

•Residential and commercial mortgage loans; and

•Other real estate-related financing arrangements.

We elected to be taxed as a real estate investment trust ("REIT") for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. To maintain our REIT qualification, we are generally required to distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income to our stockholders annually. We operate our business in a manner that permits our exclusion from the definition of "Investment Company" under the 1940 Act. We are externally managed and advised by Invesco Advisers, Inc., our Manager, which is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Invesco Ltd.

During the ~~quarter~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we experienced unprecedented market conditions as a result of the ~~global~~ COVID-19 pandemic. Due to significant spread widening in both Agency and non-Agency securities, we received an unusually high number of margin calls from counterparties. On March 23, 2020, we notified our financing counterparties that we were not in a position to fund the margin calls we received on March 23, 2020, and that we did not expect to be in a position to fund the anticipated volume of future margin calls under our financing arrangements in the near term as a result of market disruptions created by the COVID-19 pandemic. We engaged third party financial and legal advisors to assist us in restructuring our debt with our financing counterparties. To generate liquidity and reduce leverage,we sold MBS and GSE CRTs for cash proceeds of ~~$16.2~~$23.1 billion and repaid ~~$11.2~~$17.5 billion of our repurchase agreements and $910.0 million of our secured loans with proceeds from these asset sales and the return of cash margin previously pledged on our repurchase agreements during the ~~quarter~~six months ended ~~March 31, 2020. We also terminated our entire interest rate swap portfolio as our exposure to interest rate risk decreased as we sold Agency assets.~~

~~We have continued to focus on generating liquidity and reducing leverage in the second quarter of~~June 30, 2020. As of ~~May 31,~~June 30, 2020, our total borrowings consist of $740.0 million of secured loans that are due by December 2020. We intend to repay our secured loans with proceeds from sales of non-Agency CMBS assets that are currently collateralizing these loans. We repaid an additional $435.0 million of our secured loans in July 2020.

Invesco, including our Manager, is committed to helping its employees, clients and communities navigate the challenges presented by the spread of COVID-19. The primary focus of Invesco's efforts is to ensure the health and safety of its employees while preserving its ability to serve clients and manage assets in a highly dynamic market environment. To help ensure it can continue to meet client needs, such as those of our Company, a significant number of our Manager’s employees are working remotely, with small select teams working at alternate sites or operating in split shifts to mitigate the risks associated with the virus. Portfolio managers, research analysts and traders are successfully working remotely or in secure locations with access to all systems necessary to fulfill their responsibilities and an ability to connect with their teams in managing client assets. Additionally, our Manager’s operational, control and support teams have successfully transitioned to a remote working environment.

In July 2020, we ~~have a cash balance of $327.8 million, approximately $55.3 million of which is posted~~resumed investing in Agency securities and financed these securities with FHLBI as collateral for our remaining secured loans. Between April 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020, we sold additional MBS and GSE CRTs with a fair value of $6.2 billion at March 31, 2020 for cash proceeds of $5.9 billion and our loan participation interest for cash proceeds of $21.6 million.repurchase agreement borrowings. As of ~~May~~July 31, 2020, we have a total investment portfolio, excluding cash, ~~and Agency CMBS purchase commitments,~~ of approximately ~~$1.6~~$3.3 billion consisting of ~~92%~~68% of Agency RMBS, 30% commercial credit investments 7%and 2% residential credit ~~investments, and 1% Agency mortgage-backed securities.~~investments. Approximately ~~$540~~$473 million of our investment portfolio is unencumbered. WeAs of July 31, 2020, we have ~~elected to hold~~a cash balance of $230.3 million, approximately $89.5 million of which is posted as collateral for derivatives and our remaining secured loans. Our total debt consisted of $2.1 billion of repurchase agreement borrowings that are collateralized by Agency RMBS and $305.0 million of secured loans that are collateralized by non-Agency CMBS and GSE CRTs for a period of time given our view that these investments could benefit from actions taken by the federal government to stimulate the economy and the market for these securities. Our investment portfolio has not materially changed between May 31, 2020 and the filing date of this Quarterly Report. In addition, we have not entered into any interest rate swap contracts during the second quartercash as of ~~the filing date of this Quarterly Report~~

~~Between April 1, 2020 and May~~July 31, 2020, we repaid the outstanding balance of our repurchase agreements (approximately $6.3 billion as of March 31, 2020). In addition, we repaid $512.5 million of our secured loans, reducing the outstanding balance of our secured loans to $837.5 million as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.2020.

We also paid our dividends that were in arrears on our Series A Preferred, Series B Preferred, and Series C Preferred Stock on May 22, 2020. We will pay our first quarter 2020 common stock dividend of $0.50 per share on June 30, 2020 in a combination of cash and common shares. In addition, on June 17, 2020, we declared a second quarter 2020 common stock cash dividend of $0.02 per common share that will be paid on July 28, 2020.

~~While the Federal Reserve (the “Fed”) has taken a number of proactive measures to bolster liquidity in the second quarter of 2020, we expect market conditions for the mortgage REIT industry to~~ continue to be challenging. We believe our current cash balances and cash flows from operations will meet our near-term liquidity requirements. Our secured loans are due by December 2020, and we intend to repay our secured loans with proceeds from sa~~les of non-Agency CMBS assets that are currently collateralizing these loans.~~

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~~In the near-term, we intend to deploy capital into attractive opportunities in Agency securities and seek to finance these securities with prudent levels of debt. Further, we will~~ evaluate potential credit investments that do not rely on short-term or mark-to-market financing. To further strengthen our balance sheet and position ourselves for future investment opportunities, we have explored and will continue to explore additional sources of financing including issuances of debt and equity securities and other forms of long-term financing arrangements. However, no assurance can be given that we will be able to access any additional sources of financing.

We paid our first quarter 2020 common stock dividend of $0.50 per share on June 30, 2020 in a combination of cash and common shares. In addition, on June 17, 2020, we declared a second quarter 2020 common stock cash dividend of $0.02 per common share that was paid in cash on July 28, 2020. Dividends on our Series A Preferred, Series B Preferred and Series C Preferred Stock are current.

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Market Conditions

Macroeconomic factors that affect our business include interest rate spread premiums, governmental policy initiatives, residential and commercial real estate prices, credit availability, consumer personal income and spending, corporate earnings, employment conditions, financial conditions and inflation.

~~During~~Financial conditions rebounded sharply during the ~~first~~second quarter of 2020 as equities and ~~continuing into~~most credit sectors reacted favorably to the massive government action taken in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the re-opening of parts of the economy. This rebound can be seen across a number of economic measures, as economic activity picked up after an unprecedented drop during the first quarter. For example, nonfarm payrolls, retail sales and consumer confidence data showed record drops during March and April, followed by record recoveries during May and June. While the increase in economic activity is encouraging, we remain cautious about the pace of future gains as COVID-19 case numbers continue to grow in the U.S., and some states are re-instituting partial economic shutdowns.

Interest rates were little changed during the quarter, with the yield on the 2 year Treasury note falling 10 basis points to 0.15% and the yield on the 10 year Treasury bond falling a basis point to 0.66%. The short end of the yield curve remains pinned close to zero, as the Federal Funds target rate is at the lower bound, and the futures market is forecasting no change for the next several years. Interest rate volatility measures also reflect the view that rates will remain low, as these have fallen to multi-year lows. Price data has been subdued, as both the consumer price index (0.1% in May) and price consumption expenditure index (1.0% in May) measures have fallen over the past several months. Breakeven rates on inflation protected Treasuries reflect low expectations for inflation, as the inflation rate implied by 2 year and 5 year TIPs was 0.88% and 1.17%, respectively, at quarter end.

Most risk markets have rallied off of the March lows. Equity markets showed remarkable resilience despite continued economic uncertainty, as the S&P 500 was up 20% during the second quarter financial markets experienced significant volatility as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization characterized COVID-19 as a pandemic, and on March 13, 2020 a national emergency in the United States was declared. Economic activity has been severely impacted as the pandemic resulted in stay-at-home orders and widespread business shutdowns. The precipitous decline in business activity has substantially increased unemployment levels and driven a sharp contraction in GDP to levels not seen in decades. Reactions to the impacts of the pandemic led to swift and severe financial market dislocationsafter dropping 20% during the first quarter.

~~During~~ The NASDAQ index fared even better, as it returned 30.6% during the second quarter after dropping 14.2% during the first quarter. The broader credit markets also rallied during the quarter, buoyed by support from the ~~significant dislocation in~~Federal Reserve. In particular, spreads on investment grade and high yield corporate credits have tightened notably during the financial markets caused, among other things, credit spread widening, a marked decrease in interest rates and unprecedented illiquidity in Agency and non-Agency MBS trading and financing markets. We ex~~pect this volatility to persist in~~quarter as those sectors have received direct support from the ~~near term due to the continued uncertainty around the COVID-19 pandemic duration and ultimate impact. Further, we expect the COVID-19 pandemic to~~Federal Reserve.

Covid-19 has negatively ~~impact~~impacted commercial real estate ~~markets.~~fundamentals. The lodging and retail ~~property markets are likely to experience~~sectors have been the ~~greatest impact~~most impacted due to travel restrictions and a ~~sharp~~ slowdown in discretionary consumption. In the retail sector, despite long-term leases, tenants that are not open for business ~~may find~~are finding it difficult to meet rent obligations and, ~~may forego~~in some instances, are foregoing payments or ~~seek relief in the months ahead.~~seeking forbearance relief. Real estate loans are ~~likely to experience increased~~experiencing growing delinquencies and ~~defaults,~~are at greater risk of default which could impact the fundamental performance of our investments.

Despite fundamental deterioration, CMBS risk premiums contracted in the second quarter due to relatively minimal new issuance supply and increased investor demand. The ~~Fed responded to the COVID-19 pandemic with a series of measures aimed at returning~~ stability to the financial markets and fostering economic recovery. These measures included cutting the federal funds target rate by 150 basis points to 0%-0.25% on March 15, 2020 and committing to purchases of U.S. Treasuries and Agency MBS. These actions helped improve Agency RMBS and Agency CMBS liquidity and, eventually, market prices. Additionally, on March 23, 2020, the Fed announced it would purchase debt issued by U.S. investment grade rated companies and established theUnited States Federal Reserve’s Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility ~~(“TALF”) to support the flow of credit to consumers and businesses. Initially, the TALF provided~~(TALF), which provides financing for asset-backed securities collateralized by student loans, auto loans, credit card loans and loans guaranteed by the Small Business Administration. Subsequently, the Fed expanded the TALF to cover secondary market triple-A rated conduit non-Agency ~~CMBS. Since their inclusion, triple-A rated non-Agency~~ CMBS, has ~~recorded some recovery of the spread widening experienced in March. We expect this trend to continue as investors look to capitalize on favorable financing made available by the Fed. We~~ also ~~believe bonds rated below triple-A have the potential to benefit from increased investor demand as more senior bonds experience price appreciation.~~

~~In addition~~helped provide stability to the ~~Fed purchases~~CMBS market. We believe TALF, along with slowly renewed economic activity, will continue to assist in creating renewed investor interest in CMBS.

While there has been a partial recovery in residential mortgage credit spreads, particularly in higher rated securities, valuations continue to reflect an uncertain outlook for borrowers, and ~~facilities mentioned above,~~ the ~~repurchase financing markets for high-quality assets such as Treasuries and Agency RMBS continued to be supported by substantial Fed action in~~sector has not benefited from direct support from the ~~form of upsized open market operations, both in the overnight and term markets. These facilities were established in late 2019 and were significantly increased in the first quarter of 2020.~~

Federal Reserve. The U.S. Congress ~~has also~~ responded to the COVID-19 pandemic by passing three rounds of fiscal stimulus measures, the most notable being the $2.2 trillion Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), which included relief measures for households and businesses directly or indirectly impacted by the virus. The CARES Act includes provisions for COVID-19 related temporary forbearance on federally backed mortgage loans, which allows borrowers of loans guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae to suspend making principal and interest payments for a period of up to 360 days if they are facing hardship. Following the temporary forbearance period, mortgage servicers ~~have to~~must provide several options to impacted borrowers, including a repayment schedule or loan modification, depending on the borrowers’ circumstances. We believe the provision of forbearance and loan modifications will substantially reduce borrower defaults and loan losses relative to levels that would have likely occurred without these actions.

~~Despite~~The performance of Agency RMBS was strong during the second quarter as that sector benefited directly from unprecedented ~~measures discussed above,~~purchases by the Federal Reserve. Spreads on Agency RMBS and pay-ups on specified pool collateral have completely recovered from their March lows despite an uptick in prepayment risk due to lower rates. We expect the market ~~conditions~~for Agency RMBS to continue to be challenging for asset classes that have not been directly targeted by government intervention. While the markets for Agency RMBS and Agency CMBS have largely recovered in response to large-scale purchases by the Fed, the markets for non-Agency CMBS, non-Agency RMBS and GSE CRTs have yet to fully recoverconstructive as the ~~ultimate impact~~level of support from the ~~COVID-19 pandemic on these credit assets~~Federal Reserve remains ~~unclear.~~

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strong.

Proposed Changes to LIBOR

In 2017, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (the “FCA”), which regulates LIBOR, announced that the FCA will no longer persuade or compel banks to submit rates for the calculation of the LIBOR benchmark after 2021. This announcement indicates that the continuation of LIBOR will not be guaranteed after 2021. The Alternative Reference Rates Committee (“ARRC”), which was convened by the Federal Reserve Board and the New York Fed to help ensure a successful transition

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from LIBOR, has proposed that the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) is the rate that represents best practice as the alternative to LIBOR for use in derivatives and other financial contracts that are currently indexed to LIBOR. ARRC has proposed a paced market transition plan to SOFR from LIBOR, and organizations are currently working on industry wide and company specific transition plans as it relates to derivatives and cash markets exposed to LIBOR.

SOFR is an overnight rate unlike LIBOR which is a forward-looking term rate, making SOFR an inexact replacement for LIBOR. There is currently no perfect way to create robust, forward-looking, SOFR term rates. Market participants are still considering how various types of financial instruments and securitization vehicles should react to a discontinuation of LIBOR. It is possible that not all of our assets and liabilities will transition away from LIBOR at the same time, and it is possible that not all of our assets and liabilities will transition to the same alternative reference rate, in each case increasing the difficulty of hedging. Switching existing financial instruments and hedging transactions from LIBOR to SOFR requires calculations of a spread. Industry organizations are attempting to structure the spread calculation in an objective manner, but there is no assurance that all asset types or securitization vehicles will use the same spread. We and other market participants have less experience understanding and modeling SOFR-based assets and liabilities than LIBOR-based assets and liabilities, increasing the difficulty of investing, hedging, and risk management.

We have material contracts that are indexed to LIBOR and are monitoring this activity and evaluating the related risks. However, it is not possible to predict the effect of any of these developments, and any future initiatives to regulate, reform or change the manner of administration of LIBOR could result in adverse consequences to the rate of interest payable and receivable on, market value of and market liquidity for LIBOR-based financial instruments.

Our Manager is finalizing its global assessment of exposure in relation to our LIBOR-based instruments and benchmarks and is prioritizing the mitigation of risks associated with the forecasted changes to financial instruments and performance benchmarks referencing existing LIBOR rates.

In October 2019, the IRS and Treasury proposed regulations that are expected to provide taxpayers relief from adverse impacts resulting from the transition away from LIBOR to an alternative reference rate. The proposed regulations make clear that a change in the reference rate (and associated alterations to payment terms) of a financial instrument is generally not considered a taxable event, provided the fair value of the modified instrument is substantially equivalent to the fair value of the unmodified instrument.

The Financial Accounting Standards Board has also issued accounting guidance that provides optional expedients and exceptions to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions impacted by LIBOR transition if certain criteria are met. The guidance is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022.

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Investment Activities

As previously discussed, the COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented market disruption in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. To raise liquidity and reduce leverage, we sold MBS and GSE CRTs for cash proceeds of ~~$16.2 billion. Our equity allocation and investment portfolio composition as of March 31, 2020 were directly impacted by these sales as detailed in the tables below.~~

~~The table below shows the allocation of our stockholders' equity as of March 31, 2020, December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019:~~

As of
$ in thousands March 31, 2020 December 31, 2019 March 31, 2019
Agency RMBS 30 % 44 % 45 %
Agency CMBS 20 % 16 % 5 %
Commercial Credit ⁽¹⁾
38 % 28 % 32 %
Residential Credit ⁽²⁾
12 % 12 % 18 %
Total 100 % 100 % 100 %

~~(1)Commercial credit includes non-Agency CMBS, Multifamily GSE CRTs, commercial loans and investments in unconsolidated ventures.~~

~~(2)~~$23.1 billion~~Residential credit includes non-Agency RMBS, Single Family GSE CRTs and a loan participation interest.~~.

The table below shows the breakdown of our investment portfolio as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, December 31, 2019 and ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019:


		As of						As of
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	March 31, 2019	$ in thousands	June 30, 2020	December 31, 2019	June 30, 2019
Agency RMBS:	Agency RMBS:				Agency RMBS:
30 year fixed-rate, at fair value	30 year fixed-rate, at fair value	1,421,162	10,524,220	12,716,636	30 year fixed-rate, at fair value	6,828	10,524,220	12,077,091
15 year fixed-rate, at fair value	15 year fixed-rate, at fair value	71,166	292,414	352,102	15 year fixed-rate, at fair value	3,125	292,414	337,920
Hybrid ARM, at fair value	Hybrid ARM, at fair value	2,672	56,893	179,925	Hybrid ARM, at fair value	—	56,893	107,125
Agency CMO, at fair value	Agency CMO, at fair value	300,535	427,512	327,151	Agency CMO, at fair value	—	427,512	413,164
Agency CMBS, at fair value	Agency CMBS, at fair value	2,278,027	4,767,930	2,001,553	Agency CMBS, at fair value	—	4,767,930	2,926,243
Non-Agency CMBS, at fair value	Non-Agency CMBS, at fair value	2,869,051	3,823,474	3,455,806	Non-Agency CMBS, at fair value	1,457,915	3,823,474	3,651,587
Non-Agency RMBS, at fair value	Non-Agency RMBS, at fair value	568,081	955,671	1,186,896	Non-Agency RMBS, at fair value	14,404	955,671	1,118,073
GSE CRT, at fair value	GSE CRT, at fair value	534,114	923,672	907,529	GSE CRT, at fair value	101,886	923,672	904,844
Loan participation interest, at fair value	Loan participation interest, at fair value	21,577	44,654	53,827	Loan participation interest, at fair value	—	44,654	47,885
Commercial loan, at amortized cost	Commercial loan, at amortized cost	22,577	24,055	24,454	Commercial loan, at amortized cost	21,792	24,055	24,321
Investments in unconsolidated ventures	Investments in unconsolidated ventures	21,088	21,998	24,129	Investments in unconsolidated ventures	19,246	21,998	25,675
Total investment portfolio	Total investment portfolio	8,110,050	21,862,493	21,230,008	Total investment portfolio	1,625,196	21,862,493	21,633,928

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Prior to disruption in the financial markets caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we purchased $4.3 billion of fixed rate Agency RMBS, $435.5 million of Agency CMBS, $56.6 million of non-Agency CMBS and $99.0 million of GSE CRTs during the three months ended March 31, 2020. We funded these purchases by leveraging the proceeds of our February 2020 common stock issuance and with cash proceeds from paydowns and sales of securities.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, our holdings of ~~30 year~~30-year fixed-rate Agency RMBS represented ~~approximately 18%~~less than 1% of our total investment portfolio versus 48% as of December 31, 2019 and ~~60%~~56% as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019. We ~~have~~ historically focused our purchases of 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS on specified pools priced at modest pay-ups to generic Agency RMBS because those securities have characteristics that reduce prepayment risk. We ~~hold approximately $10.1 million of~~resumed investing in 30-year fixed-rate Agency RMBS ~~as of May 31,~~in July 2020.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we sold all of our holdings of Agency CMBS. Agency CMBS represented approximately ~~28%~~22% of our ~~total investment portfolio versus 22%~~holdings as of December 31, 2019 and ~~9% as~~14% of ~~March 31, 2019. Our Agency CMBS~~our holdings as of ~~March 31, 2020 include approximately $507.2 million (December 31, 2019: $96.2 million; March 31, 2019: $221.9 million) of Agency CMBS purchase commitments.~~June 30, 2019. We ~~have~~ historically focused our Agency CMBS investments in ~~Agency CMBS~~securities issued by Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and Ginnie Mae that have characteristics that reduce prepayment risk. Our hedging costs for Agency CMBS are relatively low because they are less sensitive to interest rate risk given limited extension beyond initial expected maturity dates and underlying loan prepayment protection. We hold approximately $192.4 million of Agency CMBS as of May 31, 2020, including $191.6 million of Agency CMBS purchase commitments. We have sold our Agency CMBS holdings as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.

Our investments that have credit exposure include non-Agency CMBS, non-Agency RMBS, GSE CRTs and a commercial real estate ~~loan, and a loan participation interest.~~loan. Rather than relying on the rating agencies, we utilize proprietary models as well as third party applications to quantify and monitor the credit risk associated with these holdings. Our analysis generally begins at the underlying asset level, where we gather detailed information on loan, borrower, and property characteristics that inform our expectations for future performance. In addition to base case cash flow projections, we perform a range of scenario stresses to gauge the sensitivity of returns to potential deviations in underlying asset behavior. We perform this detailed credit analysis at the time of initial purchase and regularly throughout the holding period of each investment.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, our holdings of non-Agency CMBS represented approximately ~~35%~~90% of our total investment portfolio versus 17% as of December 31, 2019 and ~~16%~~17% as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019. Our non-Agency CMBS portfolio is collateralized by loans secured by various property types located across the United States including office, retail, multifamily, industrial warehouses and hotels. The largest property geographic locations are in California, New York, ~~California,~~ Texas, Florida and Illinois as detailed in the tables below. The majority of our non-Agency CMBS portfolio is comprised of fixed rate credits that are rated investment grade by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization. Th~~e remainder of our assets were originated during and after 2017. We hold approximately $1.5 billion of non-Agency CMBS as of May 31, 2020. Over~~Approximately 87% of non-Agency CMBS are rated single-A (or equivalent) or higher by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization as of ~~May 31,~~June 30, 2020. Further, ~~over 75%~~approximately 74% of non-Agency CMBS are rated double-A (or equivalent) or higher by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization as of ~~May 31,~~June 30, 2020.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, our holdings of non-Agency RMBS represented approximately 7%1% of our total investment portfolio versus 4% as of December 31, 2019 and 6%5% as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019. We primarily hold non-Agency RMBS securities collateralized by prime and Alt-A loans. In addition, we have invested in re-securitizations of real estate mortgage investment

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conduit ("Re-REMIC") RMBS and securitizations of reperforming mortgage loans that we expect to provide attractive risk adjusted returns. ~~We hold approximately $13.2 million~~ ~~of non-Agency RMBS as of May 31, 2020.~~

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, our holdings of GSE CRTs represented approximately 7%6% of our total investment portfolio versus 4% as of December 31, 2019 and 4% as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019. GSE CRTs are unsecured general obligations of the GSEs that are structured to provide credit protection to the issuer with respect to defaults and other credit events within pools of mortgage loans ~~secured by single family properties~~ that collateralize ~~Agency RMBS~~MBS issued and guaranteed by the ~~GSEs ("Single Family GSE CRT") or within pools of mortgage loans secured by multifamily properties that collateralize Agency CMBS issued and guaranteed by the GSEs ("Multifamily GSE CRT").~~GSEs. The majority of our GSE CRT holdings are concentrated in 2013 and 2014 vintages, where reference loans have significant embedded home price appreciation. GSE CRTs have the added benefit of paying a floating rate coupon that reduces our need to hedge interest rate risk. ~~We hold approximately $94.7 million of GSE CRTs as of May 31, 2020.~~

We had funded $25.4 million of a participation interest in a secured loan collateralized by mortgage servicing rights associated with Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae loans as of March 31, 2020. We sold our loan participation interest on April 1, 2020.

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As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we held an investment in one commercial real estate mezzanine loan that matures in 2021 and has a loan-to-value ~~ratio~~ratio of ~~approximately~~approximately 68.3%. ~~We continue to hold this investment as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.~~

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we held investments in two unconsolidated ventures that are managed by an affiliate of our Manager. The unconsolidated ventures invest in our target assets. We ~~continue~~are committed to ~~hold~~invest $6.5 million in additional capital in these unconsolidated ventures to fund future investments ~~as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.~~and cover future expenses should they occur.

Portfolio Characteristics

The table below illustrates the vintage distribution of our non-Agency RMBS, GSE CRT and non-Agency CMBS portfolio as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 as a percentage of the fair value:


		2003-2007		2008-2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		Total			2003-2007		2008-2010		2011		2012		2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019		2020		Total
Prime	Prime	13.3	%	0.1	%	—	%	—	%	17.6	%	6.8	%	—	%	0.5	%	—	%	23.3	%	11.0	%	—	%	72.6	%	Prime	0.9	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	57.6	%	2.8	%	0.1	%	—	%	—	%	7.2	%	—	%	—	%	68.6	%
Alt-A	Alt-A	15.4	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	15.4	%	Alt-A	30.5	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	30.5	%
Re-REMIC ⁽¹⁾	Re-REMIC ⁽¹⁾	0.9	%	5.9	%	2.5	%	1.8	%	0.8	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	11.9	%	Re-REMIC ⁽¹⁾	—	%	0.9	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	0.9	%
Subprime/RPL		0.1	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	0.1	%

Total Non-Agency RMBS	Total Non-Agency RMBS	29.7	%	6.0	%	2.5	%	1.8	%	18.4	%	6.8	%	—	%	0.5	%	—	%	23.3	%	11.0	%	—	%	100.0	%	Total Non-Agency RMBS	31.4	%	0.9	%	—	%	—	%	57.6	%	2.8	%	0.1	%	—	%	—	%	7.2	%	—	%	—	%	100.0	%
GSE CRT	GSE CRT	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	15.2	%	24.7	%	4.8	%	21.9	%	3.1	%	4.5	%	14.9	%	10.9	%	100.0	%	GSE CRT	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	45.5	%	29.1	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%	4.7	%	20.7	%	100.0	%
Non-Agency CMBS	Non-Agency CMBS	—	%	2.0	%	14.1	%	11.9	%	10.7	%	32.0	%	7.1	%	5.3	%	7.5	%	5.1	%	3.6	%	0.7	%	100.0	%	Non-Agency CMBS	—	%	2.7	%	14.5	%	8.9	%	9.0	%	52.1	%	3.7	%	—	%	0.9	%	3.5	%	3.8	%	0.9	%	100.0	%

~~(1)~~

~~Reflects the year in which the re-securitizations were issued. The vintage distribution~~Table of ~~the securities that collateralize our Re-REMIC investments is 0.4% for 2006, and 99.6% for 2007.~~Contents

The tables below represent the geographic concentration of the underlying collateral for our non-Agency RMBS, GSE CRT and non-Agency CMBS portfolio as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. The geographic markets that we invest in have been and continue to be severely impacted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.


Non-Agency RMBS State	Non-Agency RMBS State	Percentage		GSE CRT State	Percentage		Non-Agency CMBS State	Percentage		Non-Agency RMBS State	Percentage		GSE CRT State	Percentage		Non-Agency CMBS State	Percentage
California	California	44.2	%	California	16.5	%	New York	15.3	%	California	46.4	%	California	22.6	%	California	15.4	%
New York	New York	8.7	%	Texas	7.0	%	California	14.5	%	New York	8.5	%	Texas	5.5	%	New York	15.2	%
Massachusetts										Massachusetts	5.3	%	New York	4.6	%	Texas	9.0	%
Virginia										Virginia	4.5	%	Illinois	4.2	%	Florida	5.7	%
Maryland										Maryland	4.0	%	Florida	4.0	%	Illinois	4.6	%
Florida	Florida	6.5	%	Florida	5.5	%	Texas	8.7	%	Florida	3.8	%	Virginia	4.0	%	New Jersey	4.1	%
Texas										Texas	3.2	%	Washington	3.6	%	Pennsylvania	3.7	%
New Jersey	New Jersey	3.3	%	New York	4.5	%	Florida	6.1	%	New Jersey	3.2	%	Massachusetts	3.6	%	Virginia	3.6	%
Illinois										Illinois	3.0	%	New Jersey	3.5	%	Ohio	3.5	%
Colorado	Colorado	3.1	%	Illinois	3.8	%	Illinois	4.8	%	Colorado	2.8	%	Colorado	3.1	%	Michigan	3.3	%
Washington		3.1	%	Virginia	3.7	%	New Jersey	3.9	%
Virgina		3.0	%	Washington	3.5	%	Pennsylvania	3.4	%
Massachusetts		2.7	%	New Jersey	3.2	%	Virginia	3.2	%
Texas		2.7	%	Colorado	3.2	%	Michigan	3.1	%
Maryland		2.5	%	Pennsylvania	3.1	%	Ohio	3.1	%
Other	Other	20.2	%	Other	46.0	%	Other	33.9	%	Other	15.3	%	Other	41.3	%	Other	31.9	%
Total	Total	100.0	%	Total	100.0	%	Total	100.0	%	Total	100.0	%	Total	100.0	%	Total	100.0	%

Financing and Other Liabilities

We have historically used repurchase agreements to finance the majority of our target assets and expect to use repurchase agreements to finance Agency investments in the future. Repurchase agreements are generally settled on a short-term basis, usually from one to six months, and bear interest at rates that have historically moved in close relationship to LIBOR. ~~As of March 31, 2020, we had entered into repurchase agreements totaling $6.3 billion (December 31, 2019: $17.5 billion) that were secured by our mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities and an investment in a loan participation interest.~~We repaid all of our repurchase agreements as of May 7, 2020 with proceeds from asset sales and the return of cash margin previously pledged on our repurchase agreements.

Our wholly-owned subsidiary, IAS Services LLC, is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Indianapolis ("FHLBI") and has borrowed funds from the FHLBI in the form of secured loans. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, IAS Services LLC had ~~$1.35 billion~~$740.0 million in outstanding secured loans that are due by December 2020. As of ~~May~~July 31, 2020, we reduced the balance of

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our secured loans to ~~$837.5~~$305.0 million. We intend to repay the remaining balance of our secured loans with proceeds from sales of assets collateralizing the secured ~~loans.~~loans by December 2020. As discussed in Note 5 - "Other Assets," IAS Services LLC is required to purchase and hold a certain amount of FHLBI stock, which is based, in part, upon the outstanding principal balance of secured loans from the FHLBI. FHLBI redeemed a portion of our stock in connection with the repayment of our secured loans discussed above. The balance of our FHLBI stock is $37.7 million as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.

The following table presents the amount of collateralized borrowings outstanding under repurchase agreements and secured loans as of the end of each quarter, the average amount outstanding during the quarter and the maximum balance outstanding during the quarter:


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Collateralized borrowings under repurchase agreements and secured loans						$ in thousands	Collateralized borrowings under repurchase agreements and secured loans
Quarter Ended	Quarter Ended	Quarter-end balance	Average quarterly balance	Maximum balance	Quarter Ended	Quarter-end balance	Average quarterly balance ⁽¹⁾		Maximum balance ⁽²⁾
March 31, 2019		18,474,387	17,229,809	18,474,387
June 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	18,725,065	19,019,503	19,365,413	June 30, 2019	18,725,065	19,019,503		19,365,413
September 30, 2019	September 30, 2019	19,722,032	19,535,263	19,898,863	September 30, 2019	19,722,032	19,535,263		19,898,863
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	19,182,303	19,842,868	20,377,801	December 31, 2019	19,182,303	19,842,868		20,377,801
March 31, 2020	March 31, 2020	7,637,746	16,673,939	23,132,234	March 31, 2020	7,637,746	16,673,939		23,132,234
June 30, 2020					June 30, 2020	740,000	983,599		1,373,296

(1)Average quarterly balance for each period is based on month-end balances.

~~We have committed to invest up to $125.1 million in unconsolidated ventures that are sponsored by an affiliate~~(2)Amount represents the maximum borrowings at month-end during each of our Manager. As of March 31, 2020, $118.7 million of our commitment to these unconsolidated ventures has been called. We are committed to fund $6.4 million in additional capital to fund future investments and cover future expenses should they occur.the respective periods.

Hedging Instruments

We enter into interest rate swap agreements that are designed to mitigate the effects of increases in interest rates for a portion of our borrowings. Under these swap agreements, we pay fixed interest rates and receive floating interest rates indexed off of one- or three-month LIBOR.

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We actively manage our swap portfolio by terminating and entering into new swaps as the size and composition of our investment portfolio changes. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, we terminated existing swaps with a notional amount of $107.7 billion and entered into new swaps with a notional amount of $93.7 billion to hedge repurchase agreement debt associated with purchases of Agency RMBS an~~d Agency CMBS securities.~~ We terminated all of our ~~remaining~~ interest rate swaps in March 2020 as we positioned our portfolio in response to unprecedented market conditions associated with the COVID-19 ~~pandemic. Our~~pandemic. We did not enter into new swaps during the three months ended June 30, 2020 because our exposure to interest rate risk decreased as we sold Agency assets and repaid borrowings. We realized a net loss of ~~$904.7~~$904.7 million on interest rate swaps during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 primarily due to falling interest ~~rates in 2020.~~rates.

We enter into currency forward contracts to help mitigate the potential impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on investments denominated in foreign ~~currencies.~~ currencies. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we had €20.8 million or ~~$22.7~~$22.9 million (December 31, 2019: €20.8 million or $23.1 million) of notional amount of forward contracts denominated in Euro related to our investment in an unconsolidated venture. During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we settled currency forward contracts of ~~€20.8~~€41.7 million or ~~$23.1~~$45.8 million ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~€20.3~~€42.6 million or ~~$23.1~~$48.7 million) in notional amount and realized a net gain of ~~$484,000 (March 31,~~$346,000 (June 30, 2019: ~~$185,000~~$738,000 net gain).

Capital Activities

On February 6, 2020, we completed a public offering of 20,700,000 shares of common stock at the price of $16.78 per share. Total net proceeds were approximately $347.0 million after deducting estimated offering costs.

We may sell up to 17,000,000 shares of our common stock and 7,000,000 shares of our preferred stock from time to time in at-the-market or privately negotiated transactions under our equity distribution agreements. We did not sell any shares under these agreements during the ~~quarter~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020.

~~On February 18, 2020, we~~For information on dividends declared and paid during the ~~following dividends:~~

•a dividend of $0.4844 per share of Series B Preferred Stock. On March 24, 2020 we announced that we would delay the payment of this dividend to preserve liquidity. On May 9, 2020 we announced that we would pay this dividend on May 22, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on March 5, 2020; and

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•a dividend of $0.46875 per share of Series C Preferred Stock. On March 24, 2020 we announced that we would delay the payment of this dividend to preserve liquidity. On May 9, 2020 we announced that we would pay this dividend on May 22, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on March 5, 2020.

~~On March 17, 2020, we declared the following dividends:~~

•a dividend of $0.50 per share of common stock. On March 24, 2020 we announced that we would delay the payment of this dividend to preserve liquidity. On May 9, 2020 we announced that we would pay this dividend onsix months ended June 30, 2020, see Note 12 - "Stockholders' Equity" of our condensed consolidated financial statements in ~~a combination of cash and common shares to stockholders of record as of the close of business on May 21, 2020; and~~

•~~a dividend of $0.4844 per share of Series A Preferred Stock paid. On March 24, 2020 we announced that we would delay the payment~~Part I. Item 1 of this ~~dividend to preserve liquidity. On May 9, 2020, we announced that we would pay this dividend~~report on ~~May 22, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on April 1, 2020.~~

~~On May 9, 2020, we declared the following dividends:~~

•~~a dividend of $0.4844 per share of Series B Preferred Stock to be paid on June 29, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 5, 2020; and~~

•~~a dividend of $0.46875 per share of Series C Preferred Stock to be paid on June 29, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on June 5, 2020.~~

~~On June 17, 2020, we declared the following dividends:~~

•~~a dividend of $0.02 per share of common stock to be paid on July 28, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on July 6, 2020; and~~

•~~a dividend of $0.4844 per share of Series A Preferred Stock to be paid on July 27, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on July 1, 2020.~~Form 10-Q.

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock.

Book Value per Common Share

We calculate book value per common share as follows:


		As of				As of
$ in thousands except per share amounts	$ in thousands except per share amounts	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	$ in thousands except per share amounts	June 30, 2020	December 31, 2019
Numerator (adjusted equity):	Numerator (adjusted equity):			Numerator (adjusted equity):
Total equity	Total equity	1,410,381	2,931,899	Total equity	1,157,792	2,931,899
Less: Liquidation preference of Series A Preferred Stock	Less: Liquidation preference of Series A Preferred Stock	(140,000)	(140,000)	Less: Liquidation preference of Series A Preferred Stock	(140,000)	(140,000)
Less: Liquidation preference of Series B Preferred Stock	Less: Liquidation preference of Series B Preferred Stock	(155,000)	(155,000)	Less: Liquidation preference of Series B Preferred Stock	(155,000)	(155,000)
Less: Liquidation preference of Series C Preferred Stock	Less: Liquidation preference of Series C Preferred Stock	(287,500)	(287,500)	Less: Liquidation preference of Series C Preferred Stock	(287,500)	(287,500)
Total adjusted equity	Total adjusted equity	827,881	2,349,399	Total adjusted equity	575,292	2,349,399

Denominator (number of shares):	Denominator (number of shares):			Denominator (number of shares):
Common stock outstanding	Common stock outstanding	164,966	144,256	Common stock outstanding	181,327	144,256

Book value per common share	Book value per common share	5.02	16.29	Book value per common share	3.17	16.29

Our book value per common share decreased ~~69.2%~~80.5% as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 compared to December 31, 2019 primarily due to ~~significant interest rate spread widening in both Agency~~realized and ~~non-Agency assets. In particular, premiums over generic collateral~~unrealized losses on ~~our Agency MBS specified pools decreased 2 to 4 points, as rapid deleveraging~~derivatives and investments in the ~~sector, given its relative liquidity, impacted valuations. In addition, prices of our credit holdings were severely impacted~~six months ended June 30, 2020 resulting from the unprecedented market disruption caused by ~~the lack of liquidity and uncertainty surrounding the economic impact of~~ the COVID-19 pandemic. ~~Lastly, forced selling in order to fund margin calls was a significant detriment to book value as sales were executed at distressed levels. ”Refer~~”Refer to Item 3. "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk" for interest rate risk and its impact on fair value.

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Critical Accounting Policies

There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies that are disclosed in our most recent Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 except as discussed in Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Polices" to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report on Form 10-Q.

Recent Accounting Standards

See Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements Note 2 - "Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted".

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Results of Operations

The table below presents certain information from our condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019.


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands, except share data	$ in thousands, except share data	2020	2019	$ in thousands, except share data	2020	2019	2020	2019
Interest Income	Interest Income			Interest Income
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	185,536	185,492	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	29,628	200,737	215,164	386,229
Commercial and other loans	Commercial and other loans	1,163	1,582	Commercial and other loans	545	1,484	1,708	3,066
Total interest income	Total interest income	186,699	187,074	Total interest income	30,173	202,221	216,872	389,295
Interest Expense	Interest Expense			Interest Expense
Repurchase agreements	Repurchase agreements	79,042	101,875	Repurchase agreements	(1,270)	117,978	77,772	219,853
Secured loans	Secured loans	6,646	11,144	Secured loans	1,712	11,258	8,358	22,402
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	85,688	113,019	Total interest expense	442	129,236	86,130	242,255
Net interest income	Net interest income	101,011	74,055	Net interest income	29,731	72,985	130,742	147,040
Other Income (loss)	Other Income (loss)			Other Income (loss)
Gain (loss) on investments, net	Gain (loss) on investments, net	(755,483)	268,382	Gain (loss) on investments, net	(306,366)	302,182	(1,061,849)	570,564
Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures	Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures	170	692	Equity in earnings (losses) of unconsolidated ventures	318	702	488	1,394
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	(910,779)	(201,460)	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	(343)	(344,733)	(911,122)	(546,193)
Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	(33,052)	7,884	Realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	(2,738)	(2,438)	(35,790)	5,446
Net loss on extinguishment of debt	Net loss on extinguishment of debt	(4,806)	—	Net loss on extinguishment of debt	3,701	—	(1,107)	—
Other investment income (loss), net	Other investment income (loss), net	803	1,029	Other investment income (loss), net	731	1,007	1,534	2,036
Total other income (loss)	Total other income (loss)	(1,703,147)	76,527	Total other income (loss)	(304,697)	(43,280)	(2,007,846)	33,247
Expenses	Expenses			Expenses
Management fee – related party	Management fee – related party	10,953	9,534	Management fee – related party	9,793	9,370	20,746	18,904
General and administrative	General and administrative	3,103	2,258	General and administrative	4,080	1,999	7,181	4,257
Total expenses	Total expenses	14,056	11,792	Total expenses	13,873	11,369	27,927	23,161
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)	(1,616,192)	138,790	Net income (loss)	(288,839)	18,336	(1,905,031)	157,126

Dividends to preferred stockholders	Dividends to preferred stockholders	11,107	11,107	Dividends to preferred stockholders	11,106	11,106	22,213	22,213
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	(1,627,299)	127,683	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	(299,945)	7,230	(1,927,244)	134,913
Earnings (loss) per share:	Earnings (loss) per share:			Earnings (loss) per share:
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders	Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders			Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders
Basic	Basic	(10.38)	1.05	Basic	(1.80)	0.06	(11.91)	1.08
Diluted	Diluted	(10.38)	1.05	Diluted	(1.80)	0.06	(11.91)	1.08
Weighted average number of shares of common stock:	Weighted average number of shares of common stock:			Weighted average number of shares of common stock:
Basic	Basic	156,771,279	121,097,686	Basic	166,943,073	128,658,546	161,857,175	124,900,484
Diluted	Diluted	156,771,279	121,109,259	Diluted	166,943,073	128,671,066	161,857,175	124,912,532

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Interest Income and Average Earning Asset Yields

The table below presents information related to our average earning assets and earning asset yields for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019.

Three Months Ended March 31,
$ in thousands 2020 2019
Average Earning Assets ⁽¹⁾:
Agency RMBS:
15 year fixed-rate, at amortized cost 232,551 371,228
30 year fixed-rate, at amortized cost 8,422,795 11,780,005
Hybrid ARM, at amortized cost 35,768 243,813
Agency - CMO, at amortized cost 365,936 291,914
Agency CMBS, at amortized cost 3,543,594 1,129,227
Non-Agency CMBS, at amortized cost 3,552,164 3,361,132
Non-Agency RMBS, at amortized cost 751,090 1,084,721
GSE CRT, at amortized cost 876,341 808,296
Loan participation interest 33,545 54,763
Commercial loans, at amortized cost 23,965 27,375
Average earning assets 17,837,749 19,152,474
Average Earning Asset Yields ⁽²⁾:
Agency RMBS:
15 year fixed-rate 3.74 % 3.50 %
30 year fixed-rate 3.75 % 3.38 %
Hybrid ARM 4.35 % 3.48 %
Agency - CMO 3.74 % 3.56 %
Agency CMBS 3.65 % 3.52 %
Non-Agency CMBS 5.32 % 4.98 %
Non-Agency RMBS 7.17 % 6.71 %
GSE CRT ⁽³⁾
3.11 % 3.67 %
Loan participation interest 5.95 % 6.14 %
Commercial loans 10.31 % 11.08 %
Average earning asset yields 4.19 % 3.91 %


	Three months ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	2020		2019		2020		2019














Average earning assets ⁽¹⁾	1,905,555		20,803,193		9,871,653		19,982,393













Average earning asset yields ⁽²⁾	6.33	%	3.89	%	4.39	%	3.90	%

(1)Average balances for each period are based on weighted month-end average earning assets.

(2)Average earning asset yields for the period were calculated by dividing interest income, including amortization of premiums and discounts, by the average month-end earning assets based on the amortized cost of the investments. All yields are annualized.

~~(3)~~GSE CRT average earning asset yields exclude coupon interest associated with embedded derivatives on securities not accounted for under the fair value option that is recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net under U.S. GAAP.Table of Contents

Our primary source of income is interest earned on our investment portfolio. We had average earning assets of approximately ~~$17.8~~$1.9 billion for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$19.2~~$20.8 billion) and $9.9 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2020 (June 30, 2019: $20.0 billion). Average earning assets decreased for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 primarily due to the sale of MBS and GSE CRTs for cash proceeds of ~~$16.2~~$6.9 billion ~~as previously discussed~~and $23.1 billion in the ~~Executive Summary section~~three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively. Due to the magnitude of ~~this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.~~

~~Our~~the reduction in our investment portfolio since December 31, 2019, our average earning assets and asset yields for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 are not indicative of our future ability to generate interest income because the sales referred to above primarily occurred during the latter part of March 2020, and we sold additional MBS and GSE CRTs with a fair value of $6.2 billion as of March 31, 2020 for cash proceeds of $5.9 billion between April 1, 2020 and May 31, 2020.

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We earned total interest income of ~~$186.7~~$30.2 million ~~(March 31,~~and $216.9 million (June 30, 2019: ~~$187.1~~$202.2 million and $389.3 million) for the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively. Our interest income includes coupon interest and net premium amortization on MBS and GSE CRTs as well as interest income on commercial and other loans as shown in the table below.


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Interest Income	Interest Income			Interest Income
MBS and GSE CRT - coupon interest	MBS and GSE CRT - coupon interest	202,109	192,442	MBS and GSE CRT - coupon interest	26,841	214,501	228,950	406,943
MBS and GSE CRT - net premium amortization	MBS and GSE CRT - net premium amortization	(16,573)	(6,950)	MBS and GSE CRT - net premium amortization	2,787	(13,764)	(13,786)	(20,714)
MBS and GSE CRT - interest income	MBS and GSE CRT - interest income	185,536	185,492	MBS and GSE CRT - interest income	29,628	200,737	215,164	386,229
Commercial and other loans	Commercial and other loans	1,163	1,582	Commercial and other loans	545	1,484	1,708	3,066
Total interest income	Total interest income	186,699	187,074	Total interest income	30,173	202,221	216,872	389,295

MBS and GSE CRT interest income ~~increased $44,000 for~~decreased $171.1 million in both the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, compared to the same periods in 2019 primarily due to a ~~$9.7~~$187.7 million ~~increase~~and $178.0 million decrease in coupon interest reflecting ~~a 28 basis point increase in~~lower average earning ~~asset yields. Average earnings asset yields rose due to purchases of 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS securities at higher yields. Higher~~assets. Lower coupon interest was offset by a ~~$9.6~~$16.6 million ~~increase~~and $6.9 million decrease in net premium amortization during the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, due to ~~faster prepayment speeds driven by cuts in the federal funds interest rate over the past twelve months.~~sales of assets purchased at premiums.

Interest income on our commercial and other loans decreased ~~$419,000~~$939,000 and $1.4 million during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, ~~primarily~~respectively, due to the sale of our loan participation interest in April 2020 and principal payments on commercial loans totaling ~~$7.1~~$7.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2019.

Prepayment Speeds

Our RMBS and GSE CRT portfolio is subject to inherent prepayment risk primarily driven by changes in interest rates, which impacts the amount of premium and discount on the purchase of these securities that is recognized into interest income. Expected future prepayment speeds on our RMBS and GSE CRT portfolio are estimated on a quarterly basis. Generally, in an environment of falling interest rates, prepayment speeds will increase as homeowners are more likely to prepay their existing mortgage and refinance into a lower borrowing rate. If the actual prepayment speed during the period is faster than estimated, the amortization on securities purchased at a premium to par value will be accelerated, resulting in lower interest income recognized. Conversely, for securities purchased at a discount to par value, interest income will be reduced in periods where prepayment speeds were slower than expected. The standard measure of prepayment speeds is the constant prepayment rate, also known as the conditional prepayment rate or "CPR". The table below provides the three month constant prepayment rate for our RMBS and GSE CRTs as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, December 31, 2019, and ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019.


		As of						As of
		March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	March 31, 2019		June 30, 2020	December 31, 2019	June 30, 2019
15 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS	15 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS	16.0	12.5	7.1	15 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS	7.4	12.5	11.1
30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS	30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS	11.9	18.1	4.9	30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS	8.0	18.1	8.5
Hybrid ARM Agency RMBS	Hybrid ARM Agency RMBS	1.6	28.7	15.7	Hybrid ARM Agency RMBS	—	28.7	18.2
Non-Agency RMBS	Non-Agency RMBS	18.4	17.2	8.3	Non-Agency RMBS	29.5	17.2	11.4
GSE CRT	GSE CRT	15.6	20.1	6.6	GSE CRT	21.1	20.1	9.8
Weighted average CPR	Weighted average CPR	14.2	18.1	5.7	Weighted average CPR	21.0	18.1	9.0

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The following table presents net premium amortization recognized on our MBS and GSE CRT portfolio for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019.


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands, except share data	$ in thousands, except share data	2020	2019	$ in thousands, except share data	2020	2019	2020	2019
Agency RMBS	Agency RMBS	(20,913)	(12,194)	Agency RMBS	(894)	(17,153)	(21,807)	(29,347)
Agency CMBS	Agency CMBS	(1,666)	(531)	Agency CMBS	(78)	(909)	(1,744)	(1,440)
Non-Agency CMBS	Non-Agency CMBS	5,058	3,031	Non-Agency CMBS	4,473	3,350	9,531	6,381
Non-Agency RMBS	Non-Agency RMBS	2,698	3,922	Non-Agency RMBS	(178)	2,800	2,520	6,722
GSE CRT	GSE CRT	(1,750)	(1,178)	GSE CRT	(536)	(1,852)	(2,286)	(3,030)
Net (premium amortization) discount accretion	Net (premium amortization) discount accretion	(16,573)	(6,950)	Net (premium amortization) discount accretion	2,787	(13,764)	(13,786)	(20,714)

Net premium amortization ~~increased $9.6~~decreased $16.6 million and $6.9 million for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same ~~period~~periods in 2019 primarily due to ~~faster prepayment speeds on Agency RMBS. Higher premium amortization was partially offset by discount accretion on purchases~~sales of ~~non-Agency CMBS over the last twelve months.~~assets purchased at premiums.

Our interest income is subject to interest rate risk. Refer to Item 3. "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" for more information relating to interest rate risk and its impact on our operating results.

Interest Expense and Cost of Funds

The table below presents the components of interest expense for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Interest Expense	Interest Expense			Interest Expense
Interest expense on repurchase agreement borrowings	Interest expense on repurchase agreement borrowings	89,109	107,726	Interest expense on repurchase agreement borrowings	3,233	123,894	92,342	231,620
Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	(10,067)	(5,851)	Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	(4,503)	(5,916)	(14,570)	(11,767)
Repurchase agreements interest expense	Repurchase agreements interest expense	79,042	101,875	Repurchase agreements interest expense	(1,270)	117,978	77,772	219,853
Secured loans	Secured loans	6,646	11,144	Secured loans	1,712	11,258	8,358	22,402

Total interest expense	Total interest expense	85,688	113,019	Total interest expense	442	129,236	86,130	242,255

We have historically entered into repurchase agreements to finance the majority of our target assets. These agreements are secured by our mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities. These agreements are generally settled on a short-term basis, usually from one to six months, and bear interest at rates that have historically moved in close relationship to LIBOR. At each settlement date, we typically refinance each repurchase agreement at the market interest rate at that time.

Our interest expense on repurchase agreement borrowings decreased ~~$18.6~~$120.7 million and $139.3 million for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to 2019 due to lower average borrowings and a lower average cost of funds reflecting decreases in the ~~federal funds~~Federal Funds interest rate. Average borrowings decreased primarily due to repayment of ~~$11.2~~$17.5 billion of repurchase agreements with proceeds from asset sales due to financial market disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic as previously discussed in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Average borrowings also decreased due to repayment of ~~$300.0~~$910.0 million of secured loans ~~in February 2020 due to a scheduled maturity.~~during the six months ended June 30, 2020.

Our repurchase agreement interest expense as reported in our condensed consolidated statement of operations includes amortization of net deferred gains and losses on de-designated interest rate swaps as summarized in the table above. Amortization of net deferred gains on de-designated interest rate swaps decreased our total interest expense by ~~$10.1~~$4.5 million and $14.6 million during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, and $5.9 million and $11.8 million during the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2019.~~June 30, 2019, respectively. Amounts recorded in AOCI before we discontinued cash flow hedge accounting for our interest rate swaps are reclassified to interest expense on repurchase agreements on the condensed consolidated statements of operations as interest is accrued and paid on the related repurchase agreements over the remaining life of the interest rate swap agreements. We increased the amount of gains and losses reclassified as a decrease to interest expense during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 by ~~$4.2~~$2.7 million because it is probable ~~that~~ the original forecasted ~~repurchase agreement~~ transactions will not occur by the end of the originally specified time ~~period~~. period. During the next twelve months, we estimate that ~~$19.1~~$20.0 million of net deferred gains on de-designated interest rate swaps will be reclassified from other comprehensive income and recorded as a decrease to interest expense.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, interest expense for our secured loans decreased $4.5 million compared to the same period in 2019 due to lower borrowing rates and repayment of $300.0 million of secured loans in February 2020.

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During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, interest expense for our secured loans decreased $9.5 million and $14.0 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019 due to repayment of $910.0 million of secured loans during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and lower borrowing rates. Borrowing rates on our secured loans are based on ~~the three-month FHLB swap rate plus a spread.~~FHLBI's short-term cost of funds. For the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, the weighted average borrowing rate on our secured loans was ~~1.83%~~0.85% and 1.48%, as compared to ~~2.70%~~2.73% and 2.72% for the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2019.~~June 30, 2019, respectively.

Our total interest expense during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 decreased ~~$27.3~~$128.8 million and $156.1 million, respectively, from the same ~~period~~periods in 2019 primarily due to the ~~$23.1~~$130.2 million and $153.3 million decrease in interest expense on repurchase agreements borrowings and secured loans in the 2020 ~~period~~periods as discussed above.

The table below presents information related to our borrowings and cost of funds for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019:

Three Months Ended March 31,
$ in thousands 2020 2019
Average Borrowings⁽¹⁾:
Agency RMBS ⁽²⁾
8,521,865 11,664,156
Agency CMBS
3,523,998 1,074,917
Non-Agency CMBS⁽²⁾
3,049,547 2,663,941
Non-Agency RMBS 689,249 886,554
GSE CRT 722,179 717,482
Loan participation interest 25,159 41,072
Total average borrowings 16,531,997 17,048,122
Maximum borrowings during the period ⁽³⁾
23,132,234 18,474,387
Average Cost of Funds ⁽⁴⁾:
Agency RMBS ⁽²⁾
2.30 % 2.59 %
Agency CMBS 2.17 % 2.64 %
Non-Agency CMBS⁽²⁾
2.34 % 3.24 %
Non-Agency RMBS 2.67 % 3.54 %
GSE CRT 2.54 % 3.49 %
Loan participation interest 3.52 % 4.15 %
Cost of funds 2.07 % 2.65 %
Effective cost of funds (non-GAAP measure) ⁽⁵⁾
2.02 % 2.68 %


	Three months ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	2020		2019		2020		2019








Total average borrowings ⁽¹⁾	981,992		18,908,927		8,756,995		17,983,666
Maximum borrowings during the period ⁽²⁾	1,373,296		19,365,413		23,132,234		19,365,413









Cost of funds ⁽³⁾	0.18	%	2.73	%	1.97	%	2.69	%

(1)Average borrowings for each period are based on weighted month-end balances.

(2)~~Agency RMBS and non-Agency CMBS average borrowings and average cost of funds include borrowings under repurchase agreements and secured loans.~~

~~(3)~~Amount represents the maximum borrowings at month-end during each of the respective periods.

~~(4)~~(3)Average cost of funds is calculated by dividing annualized interest expense excluding amortization of net deferred gain (loss) on de-designated interest rate swaps by our average borrowings.

~~(5)For a reconciliation of cost of funds to effective cost of funds, see "Non-GAAP Financial Measures."~~ All percentages are annualized.

Total average borrowings decreased ~~$516.1 million~~$17.9 billion and $9.2 billion in the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to 2019 primarily because we repaid ~~$11.2~~$17.5 billion of repurchase agreements and ~~$300.0~~$910.0 million of secured loans induring the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 as discussed above. Our average cost of funds decreased 58255 basis points and 72 basis points for three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, versus 2019 primarily due to decreases in the ~~federal funds~~Federal Funds rate over the past twelve months.

Our average borrowings for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 are not indicative of our future interest expense because we repaid ~~the $11.2~~$17.5 billion of repurchase agreements ~~referred to above during the latter part of March 2020. In addition, we repaid the balance of our repurchase agreements on May 7, 2020~~ and ~~an additional $512.5~~$910.0 million of secured loans ~~as of April~~during the six months ended June 30, 2020.

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Net Interest Income

The table below presents the components of net interest income for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019:


		Three Months Ended March 31,							Three months ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020		2019		$ in thousands	2020		2019		2020		2019
Interest Income	Interest Income					Interest Income
Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	185,536		185,492		Mortgage-backed and credit risk transfer securities	29,628		200,737		215,164		386,229
Commercial and other loans	Commercial and other loans	1,163		1,582		Commercial and other loans	545		1,484		1,708		3,066
Total interest income	Total interest income	186,699		187,074		Total interest income	30,173		202,221		216,872		389,295
Interest Expense	Interest Expense					Interest Expense
Interest expense on repurchase agreement borrowings	Interest expense on repurchase agreement borrowings	89,109		107,726		Interest expense on repurchase agreement borrowings	3,233		123,894		92,342		231,620
Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	(10,067)		(5,851)		Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	(4,503)		(5,916)		(14,570)		(11,767)
Repurchase agreements interest expense	Repurchase agreements interest expense	79,042		101,875		Repurchase agreements interest expense	(1,270)		117,978		77,772		219,853
Secured loans	Secured loans	6,646		11,144		Secured loans	1,712		11,258		8,358		22,402

Total interest expense	Total interest expense	85,688		113,019		Total interest expense	442		129,236		86,130		242,255
Net interest income	Net interest income	101,011		74,055		Net interest income	29,731		72,985		130,742		147,040
Net interest rate margin	Net interest rate margin	2.12	%	1.26	%	Net interest rate margin	6.15	%	1.16	%	2.42	%	1.21	%

Our net interest income, which equals interest income less interest expense, totaled ~~$101.0~~$29.7 million ~~(March 31,~~and $130.7 million (June 30, 2019: ~~$74.1~~$73.0 million and $147.0 million) for the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively. The ~~increase~~ decrease

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in net interest income for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 was primarily due the sale of MBS and GSE CRTs to ~~a lower cost of funds driven by cuts in the federal funds interest rate~~generate liquidity and reduce leverage as ~~discussed above.~~previously discussed.

Our net interest rate margin, which equals the yield on our average assets for the period less the average cost of funds for the period, was ~~2.12% (March 31,~~6.15% and 2.42% (June 30, 2019: ~~1.26%~~1.16% and 1.21%) for the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively. The increase in net interest rate margin for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 compared to the same ~~period~~periods in 2019 was primarily due to the change in our portfolio composition due to assets sales and decreases in the ~~federal funds~~Federal Funds rate throughout 2019 that had a greater impact on our average cost of funds than on our average earning asset yields. Our cost of funds on all of our borrowings is influenced by changes in ~~short term~~short-term interest rates, whereas approximately ~~86%~~92% of the Company’s investments were fixed rate assets as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020.

Gain (Loss) on Investments, net

The table below summarizes the components of gain (loss) on investments, net for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
Net realized gains (losses) on sale of investments	Net realized gains (losses) on sale of investments	(4,285)	(11,115)	Net realized gains (losses) on sale of investments	(404,739)	2,029	(409,024)	(9,086)
Impairment of investments the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost basis	Impairment of investments the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost basis	(78,834)	—	Impairment of investments the Company intends to sell or more likely than not will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost basis	(6,287)	—	(85,121)	—
Other-than-temporary impairment losses	Other-than-temporary impairment losses	—	(1,776)	Other-than-temporary impairment losses	—	(1,200)	—	(2,976)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on MBS accounted for under the fair value option	Net unrealized gains (losses) on MBS accounted for under the fair value option	(514,503)	280,039	Net unrealized gains (losses) on MBS accounted for under the fair value option	(34,498)	304,692	(549,001)	584,731
Net unrealized gains (losses) on GSE CRT accounted for under the fair value option	Net unrealized gains (losses) on GSE CRT accounted for under the fair value option	(152,369)	1,234	Net unrealized gains (losses) on GSE CRT accounted for under the fair value option	139,943	(3,339)	(12,426)	(2,105)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on commercial loan and loan participation interest	Net unrealized gains (losses) on commercial loan and loan participation interest	(5,492)	—	Net unrealized gains (losses) on commercial loan and loan participation interest	3,023	—	(2,469)	—
Realized loss on loan participation interest				Realized loss on loan participation interest	(3,808)	—	(3,808)	—
Total gain (loss) on investments, net	Total gain (loss) on investments, net	(755,483)	268,382	Total gain (loss) on investments, net	(306,366)	302,182	(1,061,849)	570,564

As previously discussed, we experienced unprecedented market conditions as a result of the ~~global~~ COVID-19 pandemic during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. To generate liquidity and reduce leverage, we sold MBS and GSE CRTs for cash proceeds of ~~$16.2~~$23.1 billion ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$734.8 million)~~$1.7 billion) and realized net losses of ~~$4.3~~$409.0 million ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: net losses of ~~$11.1~~$9.1 million). Sales prices of our holdings were severely impacted by the lack of liquidity and uncertainty surrounding the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. A portion of these sales were involuntary liquidations at significantly distressed market prices as certain of our repurchase agreement counterparties seized and sold our securities when we were unable to meet margin calls onin March ~~23,~~ 2020.

We recorded ~~$78.8~~$6.3 million and $85.1 million of impairment on non-Agency RMBS and CMBS securities during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, because we intended to sell or more likely than not would be required to sell ~~the~~these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. ~~We still held these securities as of March 31, 2020~~. We assess our investment securities for credit losses

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and impairment on a quarterly basis. For additional information regarding our accounting policy for credit losses and impairment, refer to Note 2 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I. Item 1. of this Quarterly Report.

We have elected the fair value option for all of our RMBS interest-only securities, our MBS purchased on or after September 1, 2016 and our GSE CRTs purchased on or after August 24, 2015. Under the fair value option, changes in fair value are recognized in income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and are reported as a component of gain (loss) on investments, net. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, ~~$5.3 billion~~$230.9 million (December 31, 2019: $17.4 billion) or ~~65%~~15% (December 31, 2019: 80%) of our MBS and GSE CRT are accounted for under the fair value option. Our percentage of MBS and GSE CRTs accounted for under the fair value option declined as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 due to sales of securities accounted for under the fair value option during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020.

We recorded net unrealized losses on our MBS portfolio accounted for under the fair value option of ~~$514.5~~$34.5 million and $549.0 million in the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to net unrealized gains of ~~$280.0~~$304.7 million and $584.7 million in the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2019.~~June 30, 2019, respectively. Net unrealized losses in the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 reflect lower interest rates and wider interest rate spreads on our Agency and non-Agency

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assets. We also recorded net unrealized ~~losses~~gains on our GSE CRT portfolio accounted for under the fair value option of ~~$152.4~~$139.9 million and $12.4 million net unrealized losses in the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to net unrealized losses of $3.3 million and $2.1 million in the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020 compared to net unrealized gains of $1.2 million in the three months ended March 31, 2019.~~June 30, 2019, respectively. Net unrealized losses in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 reflect declines in valuations due to wider interest rate spreads.

We recorded ~~an unrealized~~a realized loss of $3.8 million on our loan participation interest during the three and ansix months ended June 30, 2020 and unrealized ~~loss~~losses of ~~$1.7~~$785,000 and $2.5 million on our commercial loan induring the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively. We ~~valued our~~sold the loan participation interest ~~based on the price that we sold the participation interest for~~ on April 1, 2020. We valued our commercial loan based upon a valuation from an independent pricing service.

Equity in Earnings (Losses) of Unconsolidated Ventures

For the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we recorded equity in earnings of unconsolidated ventures of ~~$170,000 (March 31,~~$318,000 and $488,000 (June 30, 2019: equity in earnings of ~~$692,000).~~$702,000 and $1.4 million), respectively. We recorded equity in earnings for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019 primarily due to realized and unrealized gains on the underlying portfolio investments.

Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments, net

Our objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage our exposure to interest rate movements on our floating rate repurchase agreements and secured loans. To accomplish these objectives, we primarily use interest rate derivative instruments, including interest rate swaps and U.S. Treasury futures contracts as part of our interest rate risk management strategy.

We also use currency forward contracts to help mitigate the potential impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates on our unconsolidated joint venture investment denominated in Euros.

The tables below summarize our realized and unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net for the following periods:


$ in thousands	Three months ended June 30, 2020
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net


Currency Forward Contracts	(138)	—	(205)	(343)

Total	(138)	—	(205)	(343)


$ in thousands	Three months ended June 30, 2019
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net
Interest Rate Swaps	(241,839)	7,525	(39,922)	(274,236)
Futures Contracts	(65,953)	—	(4,490)	(70,443)
Currency Forward Contracts	553	—	(607)	(54)

Total	(307,239)	7,525	(45,019)	(344,733)


$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020								$ in thousands	Six Months Ended June 30, 2020
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net		Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net
Interest Rate Swaps	Interest Rate Swaps	(904,704)	11,924	(18,532)	(911,312)	Interest Rate Swaps	(904,704)	11,924	(18,532)		(911,312)

Currency Forward Contracts	Currency Forward Contracts	484	—	49	533	Currency Forward Contracts	346	—	(156)		190

Total	Total	(904,220)	11,924	(18,483)	(910,779)	Total	(904,358)	11,924	(18,688)		(911,122)

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$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019								$ in thousands	Six Months Ended June 30, 2019
Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net	Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Derivative not designated as hedging instrument	Realized gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Contractual net interest income (expense)	Unrealized gain (loss), net		Gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net
Interest Rate Swaps	Interest Rate Swaps	(165,884)	4,509	12,991	(148,384)	Interest Rate Swaps	(407,723)	12,034	(26,931)		(422,620)
Futures Contracts	Futures Contracts	(66,688)	—	12,944	(53,744)	Futures Contracts	(132,641)	—	8,454		(124,187)
Currency Forward Contracts	Currency Forward Contracts	185	—	483	668	Currency Forward Contracts	738	—	(124)		614

Total	Total	(232,387)	4,509	26,418	(201,460)	Total	(539,626)	12,034	(18,601)		(546,193)

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we terminated existing swaps with a notional amount of ~~$107.7~~$106.2 billion and entered into new swaps with a notional amount of ~~$93.7~~$92.2 billion to hedge repurchase agreement debt associated with purchases of Agency RMBS and Agency CMBS securities. We ~~did not have any interest rate swap contracts as of March 31, 2020. We~~ terminated all ~~of our remaining~~outstanding interest rate swaps in March 2020 as we positioned our portfolio in response to unprecedented market conditions associated with the COVID-19 ~~pandemic.~~pandemic and did not have any swaps outstanding as of June 30, 2020. Our exposure to interest rate risk decreased as we sold Agency assets and repaid borrowings. We realized a net loss of $904.7 million ~~for~~on the ~~three~~termination of interest rate swaps during the six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~respectively, on interest rate swaps~~ primarily due to falling interest rates.

As of December 31, 2019, we held the following interest rate swaps whereby we receive interest at a one-month and three-month LIBOR rate:


$ in thousands	As of December 31, 2019
Derivative instrument	Notional Amounts	Average Fixed Pay Rate		Average Receive Rate		Average Maturity (Years)
Interest Rate Swaps	14,000,000	1.47	%	1.79	%	5.2

We were not a party to any futures contracts induring the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019, we settled futures contracts with a notional amount of ~~$1.7~~$4.3 billion. We realized a net loss of ~~$66.7~~$132.6 million on the settlement of futures contracts ~~for~~during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019 due to falling interest rates. Daily variation margin payment for futures is characterized as settlement of the derivative itself rather than collateral and is recorded as a realized gain or loss in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Realized and Unrealized Credit Derivative Income (Loss), net

The table below summarizes the components of realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019.


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three months ended June 30,			Six Months Ended June 30,
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	2020	2019	$ in thousands	2020	2019	2020	2019
GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest	GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest	4,718	5,350	GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest	1,127	5,300	5,845	10,650
Gain (loss) on settlement of GSE CRT embedded derivatives	Gain (loss) on settlement of GSE CRT embedded derivatives	2,283	—	Gain (loss) on settlement of GSE CRT embedded derivatives	(16,414)	—	(14,131)	—
Change in fair value of GSE CRT embedded derivatives	Change in fair value of GSE CRT embedded derivatives	(40,053)	2,534	Change in fair value of GSE CRT embedded derivatives	12,549	(7,738)	(27,504)	(5,204)
Total realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	Total realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	(33,052)	7,884	Total realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	(2,738)	(2,438)	(35,790)	5,446

In the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we recorded a decrease of ~~$40.9~~$300,000 and $41.2 million in realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net compared to the same periods in 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by a decline in the fair value of our GSE CRT embedded derivatives in the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 as asset prices ~~dropped~~declined due to spread widening.

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Net ~~Loss~~Gain (Loss) on Extinguishment of Debt

As discussed in Note 76 - "Borrowings" of our condensed consolidated financial statements include in Part I. Item 1. of this report on Form 10-Q, certain of our counterparties seized and sold securities that we had posted as collateral for our repurchase ~~agreements between March 23, 2020 and March 31, 2020.~~agreements. We recorded early termination and legal fees paid to our counterparties that were associated with the termination of these repurchase agreements as a loss on extinguishment of debt and settlements of counterparty claims for less than the principal balance of our repurchase agreements as a gain on extinguishment of debt in our condensed consolidated statement of operations.

Other Investment Income (Loss), net

Our other investment income (loss), net during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 and 2019 primarily consists of quarterly dividends from FHLBI stock. We are required to purchase and hold a certain amount of FHLBI stock, which is based, in part, upon the outstanding principal balance of secured advances from the FHLBI. We earn dividend income on our investment in FHLBI stock, and the amount of our dividend income varies based upon the number of shares that we are required to own and the dividend declared per share.

Expenses

We incurred management fees of ~~$11.0~~$9.8 million ~~(March 31,~~and $20.7 million (June 30, 2019: ~~$9.5~~$9.4 million and $18.9 million) for the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively. Management fees increased for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 due to a higher management fee base. Our management fees are calculated quarterly in arrears. Our management fee will be lower in the three months ended ~~June~~September 30, 2020 because ~~the majority of realized losses on~~ our ~~derivative contracts and unrealized losses on our investments due to spread widening did not occur until March 2020. Realized losses on sales of investments in~~average month-end stockholders' equity decreased during the three months ended June 30, 2020 ~~will further reduce the management fee base in the three months ended September 30, 2020.~~primarily due to realized losses on sales of investments. Refer to Note 11 – "Related Party Transactions" of our condensed consolidated financial statements for a discussion of our relationship with our Manager and a description of how our fees are calculated.

Our general and administrative expenses not covered under our management agreement amounted to ~~$3.1~~$4.1 million ~~(March 31,~~and $7.2 million (June 30, 2019: ~~$2.3~~$2.0 million and $4.3 million) for the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2020.~~June 30, 2020, respectively. General and administrative expenses primarily consist of directors and officers insurance, legal costs, accounting, auditing and tax services, filing fees, and miscellaneous general and administrative costs. General and administrative costs were higher for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 compared to the same ~~period~~periods in 2019 primarily due to fees paid for third-party legal and advisory services in connection with navigating market disruption associated with the COVID-19 pandemic totaling ~~$1.1 million.~~$1.5 million and $2.6 million, respectively.

Net Income (Loss) attributable to Common Stockholders

For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, our net loss attributable to common stockholders was ~~$1.6 billion (March 31,~~$299.9 million (June 30, 2019: ~~$127.7~~$7.2 million net income attributable to common stockholders) or ~~$10.38~~$1.80 basic and diluted net loss per average share available to common stockholders ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$1.05~~$0.06 basic and diluted net income per average share available to common stockholders). The change in net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders was primarily due to (i) a net ~~losses~~loss on derivative instruments of ~~$910.8 million~~$343,000 in the 2020 period compared to a net ~~losses~~loss on derivative instruments of ~~$201.5~~$344.7 million in the 2019 period; (ii) a net loss on investments of ~~$755.5~~$306.4 million in the 2020 period compared to a net ~~gains~~gain on investments of ~~$268.4~~$302.2 million in the 2019 period; and (iii) a $43.3 million decrease in net interest income.

For the six months ended June 30, 2020, our net loss attributable to common stockholders was $1.9 billion (June 30, 2019: $134.9 million net income attributable to common stockholders) or $11.91 basic and diluted net loss per average share available to common stockholders (June 30, 2019: $1.08 basic and diluted net income per average share available to common stockholders). The change in net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders was primarily due to (i) a net loss on derivative instruments of $911.1 million in the 2020 period compared to a net loss on derivative instruments of $546.2 million in the 2019 period; (ii) a net loss on investments of $1.1 billion in the 2020 period compared to a net gain on investments of $570.6 million in the 2019 period; (iii) a credit derivative net ~~losses~~loss of ~~$33.1~~$35.8 million in the 2020 period compared to credit derivative net income of ~~$7.9~~$5.4 million in the 2019 period; and (iv) a ~~$27.0~~$16.3 million ~~increase~~decrease in net interest income.

For further information on the changes in net ~~gains~~gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net gain (loss) on investments, realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net and net interest income, see preceding discussion under "Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments, net," "Gain (Loss) on Investments, net," "Realized and Unrealized Credit Derivative Income (Loss), net," and "Net Interest Income."

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We have historically used the following non-GAAP financial measures to analyze the Company's operating results and believe these financial measures are useful to investors in assessing our performance as further discussed below:

•core earnings (and by calculation, core earnings per common share),

•effective interest income (and by calculation, effective yield),

•effective interest expense (and by calculation, effective cost of funds),

•effective net interest income (and by calculation, effective interest rate margin), and

•repurchase agreement debt-to-equity ratio.

The most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measures are:

•net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders (and by calculation, basic earnings (loss) per common share),

•total interest income (and by calculation, earning asset yields),

•total interest expense (and by calculation, cost of funds),

•net interest income (and by calculation, net interest rate margin), and

•debt-to-equity ratio.

We are not presenting core earnings for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~("first quarter 2020 core earnings")~~ because core earnings excludes the material adverse impact that the market disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has had on our financial condition. In addition, ~~first quarter 2020~~ core earnings for the three and six months ended June 30, 2020 are not indicative of the reduced earnings potential of our current investment portfolio. We intend to resume reporting core earnings when its presentation provides a useful measure of our portfolio’s earning capacity.

We are also not presenting a repurchase agreement debt-to-equity ratio because this ratio as of March 31, 2020 is not indicative of how we have historically managed our business prior to the market disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, we do not have any repurchase agreements as of the date of this release.

The non-GAAP financial measures used by management should be analyzed in conjunction with U.S. GAAP financial measures and should not be considered substitutes for U.S. GAAP financial measures. In addition, the non-GAAP financial measures may not be comparable to similarly titled non-GAAP financial measures of our peer companies.

Effective Interest Income / Effective Yield / Effective Interest Expense / Effective Cost of Funds / Effective Net Interest Income / Effective Interest Rate Margin

We calculate effective interest income (and by calculation, effective yield) as U.S. GAAP total interest income adjusted for GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest that is recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net. We include our GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest in effective interest income because GSE CRT coupon interest is not accounted for consistently under U.S. GAAP. We account for GSE CRTs purchased prior to August 24, 2015 as hybrid financial instruments, but we have elected the fair value option for GSE CRTs purchased on or after August 24, 2015. Under U.S. GAAP, coupon interest on GSE CRTs accounted for using the fair value option is recorded as interest income, whereas coupon interest on GSE CRTs accounted for as hybrid financial instruments is recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss). We add back GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest to our total interest income because we consider GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest a current component of our total interest income irrespective of whether we elected the fair value option for the GSE CRT or accounted for the GSE CRT as a hybrid financial instrument.

We calculate effective interest expense (and by calculation, effective cost of funds) as U.S. GAAP total interest expense adjusted for contractual net interest income (expense) on our interest rate swaps that is recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net and the amortization of net deferred gains (losses) on de-designated interest rate swaps that is recorded as repurchase agreements interest expense. We view our interest rate swaps as an economic hedge against increases in future market interest rates on our floating rate borrowings. We add back the net payments we make on our interest rate swap agreements to our total U.S. GAAP interest expense because we use interest rate swaps to add stability to interest expense. We exclude the amortization of net deferred gains (losses) on de-designated interest rate swaps from our calculation of effective interest expense because we do not consider the amortization a current component of our borrowing costs.

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We calculate effective net interest income (and by calculation, effective interest rate margin) as U.S. GAAP net interest income adjusted for contractual net interest income (expense) on our interest rate swaps that is recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, amortization of net deferred gains (losses) on de-designated interest rate swaps that is recorded as

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repurchase agreements interest expense and GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest that is recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net.

We believe the presentation of effective interest income, effective yield, effective interest expense, effective cost of funds, effective net interest income and effective interest rate margin measures, when considered together with U.S. GAAP financial measures, provide information that is useful to investors in understanding our borrowing costs and operating performance.

The following tables reconcile total interest income to effective interest income and yield to effective yield for the following periods:


		Three Months Ended March 31,											Three months ended June 30,
		2020				2019						2020			2019
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Yield/Effective Yield		Reconciliation	Yield/Effective Yield		$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Yield/Effective Yield		Reconciliation	Yield/Effective Yield
Total interest income	Total interest income	186,699	4.19	%	187,074	3.91	%	Total interest income	30,173	6.33	%	202,221	3.89	%
Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	4,718	0.10	%	5,350	0.11	%	Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	1,127	0.24	%	5,300	0.10	%
Effective interest income	Effective interest income	191,417	4.29	%	192,424	4.02	%	Effective interest income	31,300	6.57	%	207,521	3.99	%


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2020				2019
$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Yield/Effective Yield		Reconciliation	Yield/Effective Yield
Total interest income	216,872	4.39	%	389,295	3.90	%
Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	5,845	0.12	%	10,650	0.10	%
Effective interest income	222,717	4.51	%	399,945	4.00	%

Our effective interest income decreased ~~$1.0~~$176.2 million and $177.2 million in the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, versus the same period in 2019 due to lower average earning assets. Our average earning assets decreased to ~~$17.8~~$1.9 billion and $9.9 billion from $20.8 billion and $20.0 billion for ~~the~~ three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, ~~from $19.2 billion~~respectively, primarily because we sold MBS and GSE ~~CRTs in March 2020 for~~CRT or cash proceeds of ~~$16.2~~$23.1 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2020 due to disruption in the financial markets caused by the COVID-19 pandemic as previously discussed.

The following tables reconcile total interest expense to effective interest expense and cost of funds to effective cost of funds for the following periods.


		Three Months Ended March 31,											Three months ended June 30,
		2020				2019						2020			2019
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Cost of Funds / Effective Cost of Funds		Reconciliation	Cost of Funds / Effective Cost of Funds		$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Cost of Funds / Effective Cost of Funds		Reconciliation	Cost of Funds / Effective Cost of Funds
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	85,688	2.07	%	113,019	2.65	%	Total interest expense	442	0.18	%	129,236	2.73	%
Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred gain (loss) on de-designated interest rate swaps	Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred gain (loss) on de-designated interest rate swaps	10,067	0.24	%	5,851	0.14	%	Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred gain (loss) on de-designated interest rate swaps	4,503	1.83	%	5,916	0.13	%
Add (Less): Contractual net interest expense (income) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Add (Less): Contractual net interest expense (income) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	(11,924)	(0.29)	%	(4,509)	(0.11)	%	Add (Less): Contractual net interest expense (income) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	—	—	%	(7,525)	(0.16)	%
Effective interest expense	Effective interest expense	83,831	2.02	%	114,361	2.68	%	Effective interest expense	4,945	2.01	%	127,627	2.70	%

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	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2020				2019
$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Cost of Funds / Effective Cost of Funds		Reconciliation	Cost of Funds / Effective Cost of Funds
Total interest expense	86,130	1.97	%	242,255	2.69	%
Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred gain (loss) on de-designated interest rate swaps	14,570	0.33	%	11,767	0.13	%
Add (less): Contractual net interest expense (income) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	(11,924)	(0.27)	%	(12,034)	(0.13)	%
Effective interest expense	88,776	2.03	%	241,988	2.69	%

Our effective interest expense and effective cost of funds decreased during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 primarily due to lower interest expense paid on our repurchase ~~agreements as well as higher net interest income earned on our interest rate swaps.~~agreements. We paid interest expense of ~~$85.7~~$442,000 and $86.1 million during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, respectively, compared to ~~$113.0~~$129.2 million and $242.3 million for the same ~~period~~periods in 2019, respectively, due to lower average borrowings and a lower ~~federal funds~~Federal Funds target interest rate. We earned contractual net interest income on interest rate swaps of $11.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $4.5 million for the same period in 2019. Our higher contractual net interest income on interest rate swaps was driven by falling interest rates. For further information on interest expense and cost of funds, see the preceding discussion under "Interest Expense and Cost of Funds".

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The following tables reconcile net interest income to effective net interest income and net interest rate margin to effective interest rate margin for the following periods.


		Three Months Ended March 31,											Six Months Ended June 30,
		2020				2019						2020			2019
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Net Interest Rate Margin / Effective Interest Rate Margin		Reconciliation	Net Interest Rate Margin / Effective Interest Rate Margin		$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Net Interest Rate Margin / Effective Interest Rate Margin		Reconciliation	Net Interest Rate Margin / Effective Interest Rate Margin
Net interest income	Net interest income	101,011	2.12	%	74,055	1.26	%	Net interest income	29,731	6.15	%	72,985	1.16	%
Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	(10,067)	(0.24)	%	(5,851)	(0.14)	%	Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	(4,503)	(1.83)	%	(5,916)	(0.13)	%
Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	4,718	0.10	%	5,350	0.11	%	Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	1,127	0.24	%	5,300	0.10	%
Add (Less): Contractual net interest income (expense) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	Add (Less): Contractual net interest income (expense) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	11,924	0.29	%	4,509	0.11	%	Add (Less): Contractual net interest income (expense) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	—	—	%	7,525	0.16	%
Effective net interest income	Effective net interest income	107,586	2.27	%	78,063	1.34	%	Effective net interest income	26,355	4.56	%	79,894	1.29	%

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	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2020				2019
$ in thousands	Reconciliation	Net Interest Rate Margin / Effective Interest Rate Margin		Reconciliation	Net Interest Rate Margin / Effective Interest Rate Margin
Net interest income	130,742	2.42	%	147,040	1.21	%
Add (Less): Amortization of net deferred (gain) loss on de-designated interest rate swaps	(14,570)	(0.33)	%	(11,767)	(0.13)	%
Add: GSE CRT embedded derivative coupon interest recorded as realized and unrealized credit derivative income (loss), net	5,845	0.12	%	10,650	0.10	%
Add (Less): Contractual net interest income (expense) on interest rate swaps recorded as gain (loss) on derivative instruments, net	11,924	0.27	%	12,034	0.13	%
Effective net interest income	133,941	2.48	%	157,957	1.31	%

Effective net interest income ~~and effective interest rate margin for~~decreased during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~increased from~~compared to the same ~~period~~periods in 2019 primarily due to lower average earning asset balances that were partially offset by lower average borrowings and a lower effective ~~interest expense~~cost of funds driven by cuts in the ~~federal funds~~Federal Funds interest ~~rate and higher contractual net interest income on interest rate swaps as previously discussed.~~rate.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measurement of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to pay dividends, fund investments, repay borrowings and fund other general business needs. Our primary sources of funds for liquidity consist of the net proceeds from our common and preferred equity offerings, net cash provided by operating activities, proceeds from repurchase agreements and other financing arrangements and future issuances of equity and/or debt securities.

The COVID-19 pandemic-driven disruptions in the real estate, mortgage and financial markets have negatively affected and are expected to continue to negatively affect our liquidity. Under the terms of our repurchase agreements and secured loans, our lenders have the contractual right to mark the underlying securities that we post as collateral to fair value as determined in their sole discretion. In addition, our lenders have the contractual right to increase the "haircut", or percentage amount by which collateral value must exceed the amount of borrowings, as market conditions become more volatile. As a result of significant spread widening in both Agency and non-Agency securities in ~~March~~the latter part of the first quarter of 2020, valuations of our portfolio assets declined sharply in a short period of time, leading to an exceptional increase in the frequency and magnitude of margin calls. Additionally, our lenders raised required haircuts on our collateral for new repurchase agreements, driving further liquidity needs. We sold portfolio assets in order to generate liquidity, in many cases at significantly distressed market prices. These events have ~~required~~led us to seek to maintain higher levels of cash and unencumbered assets. See Part I. Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Part II. Other Information - Item 1A. Risk Factors in this Quarterly Report for more information on how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and may continue to impact our liquidity and capital resources.

We held cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of ~~$365.0~~$271.6 million at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$83.5~~$154.9 million). As previously discussed, we increased our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 to improve our liquidity in light of market disruption created by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our operating activities provided net cash of ~~$110.0~~$130.6 million for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$68.4~~$157.0 million).

Our investing activities provided net cash of ~~$11.6~~$18.0 billion in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 compared to net cash used by investing activities of ~~$3.5~~$3.7 billion in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2019. Our primary source of cash from investing activities for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 was proceeds from sales of MBS and GSE CRTs of ~~$16.2~~$23.1 billion ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$734.8 million)~~$1.7 billion) to improve liquidity. We also generated ~~$636.5~~$690.1 million from principal payments of MBS and GSE CRTs during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$300.2~~$760.6 million). Prior to disruption in the financial markets caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, we invested ~~$4.4~~$5.0 billion in MBS and GSE CRTs during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(2019: $4.3~~(June 30, 2019: $5.6 billion). We used cash of ~~$904.2~~$904.4 million to terminate derivative contracts in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$232.4~~$539.6 million) as we sold our Agency securities and our sensitivity to interest rates decreased.

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Our financing activities used net cash of ~~$11.6~~$18.2 billion for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 primarily because we repaid our repurchase agreement borrowings with proceeds from asset sales ~~(2019:~~(June 30, 2019: net cash provided by financing

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activities of ~~$3.4~~$3.6 billion). We repaid net repurchase agreement borrowing of ~~$11.2~~$17.5 billion ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: net proceeds provided ~~$3.2~~$3.5 billion). In addition, we repaid ~~$300.0~~$910.0 million of secured loans from the ~~FHLBI upon their maturity on February 11, 2020.~~FHLBI. We also used cash of ~~$74.8~~$102.6 million for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$58.0~~$126.8 million) to pay dividends. Proceeds from issuance of common stock provided ~~$347.3~~$347.1 million for the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 ~~(March 31,~~(June 30, 2019: ~~$259.0~~$266.9 million).

As of March 31, 2020, the average margin requirement (weighted by borrowing amount), or the percentage amount by which the collateral value must exceed the loan amount (also referred to as the "haircut") under our repurchase agreements was 5.2% for Agency RMBS, 5.4% for Agency CMBS, 17.1% for non-Agency RMBS, 20.7% for GSE CRT and 21.0% for non-Agency CMBS. Across our repurchase agreement facilities, the haircuts ranged from a low of 5.0% to a high of 8.0% for Agency RMBS, a low of 5.0% to a high of 10.0% for Agency CMBS, a low of 8.0% to a high of 35.0% for non-Agency RMBS, a low of 13.0% to a high of 50.0% for GSE CRT and a low of 10.0% to a high of 40.0% for non-Agency CMBS. Our repurchase agreement counterparties increased haircuts during the three months ended March 31, 2020 as financial conditions deteriorated and the fair value of our securities became more difficult to determine.

Forward-Looking Statements Regarding Liquidity

As previously discussed, we repaid all of our repurchase agreement borrowings on May 7, 2020 and reduced the balance of our secured loans from $1.35 billion at March 31, 2020 to $837.5 million as of May 31, 2020.

As of ~~May 31,~~June 30, 2020, our investment portfolio is primarily composed of credit assets that are financed by FHLBI. Our secured loans are due by December 2020, and we intend to repay FHLBI with proceeds from sales of assets that are currently collateralizing our secured loans. We repaid $435.0 millionof our secured loans in July 2020.

We have approximately ~~$540~~$554.3 million of unencumbered ~~securities~~investments as of ~~May 31,~~June 30, 2020 and unrestricted cash of ~~$272.5~~$270.2 million. We ~~intend to finance~~resumed investing in Agency RMBS in July 2020 and financed the purchase of ~~new~~these Agency investments with a moderate amount of repurchase agreement ~~borrowings or other financing arrangements.~~borrowings. We ~~will~~ determine the amount of leverage on new investments based upon the type of investment and market conditions at the time of investment.

Based upon our current portfolio, existing borrowing arrangements and anticipated proceeds from sales of assets that are currently collateralizing our secured loans, we believe that cash flow from operations and available borrowing capacity will be sufficient to enable us to meet anticipated short-term (one year or less) liquidity requirements to fund our investment activities, pay fees under our management agreement, fund our required distributions to stockholders and fund other general corporate expenses.

Our ability to meet our long-term (greater than one year) liquidity and capital resource requirements will be subject to obtaining additional debt financing. We may increase our capital resources by obtaining long-term credit facilities or through public or private offerings of equity or debt securities, possibly including classes of preferred stock, common stock, senior or subordinated notes and convertible notes. Such financing will depend on market conditions for capital raises and our ability to invest such offering proceeds. If we are unable to renew, replace or expand our sources of financing on substantially similar terms, it may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Contractual Obligations

We have entered into an agreement with our Manager under which our Manager is entitled to receive a management fee and the reimbursement of certain operating expenses incurred on our behalf. The management fee is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears in an amount equal to 1.50% of our stockholders’ equity, per annum. Refer to Note 11 - "Related Party Transactions" of our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information on how our management fee is calculated. Our Manager uses the proceeds from its management fee in part to pay compensation to its officers and personnel who, notwithstanding that certain of those individuals are also our officers, receive no cash compensation directly from us. We are required to reimburse our Manager for operating expenses related to us incurred by our Manager, including certain salary expenses and other expenses relating to legal, accounting, due diligence and other services. Our reimbursement obligation is not subject to any dollar limitation. Refer to Note 11 – "Related Party Transactions" of our condensed consolidated financial statements for details of our reimbursements to our Manager.

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As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we had the following contractual obligations:


		Payments Due by Period										Payments Due by Period
$ in thousands	$ in thousands	Total	Less than 1 year	1-3 years	3-5 years	After 5 years	$ in thousands	Total	Less than 1 year	1-3 years	3-5 years	After 5 years

Repurchase agreements ⁽¹⁾		6,287,746	6,287,746	—	—	—

Secured loans ⁽²⁾	Secured loans ⁽²⁾	1,350,000	100,000	—	—	1,250,000	Secured loans ⁽²⁾	740,000	740,000	—	—	—
Interest expense on repurchase agreements ⁽³⁾		11,596	11,596	—	—	—
Interest expense on secured loans ^{(2) (3)}		84,800	33,343	30,936	19,594	927

Interest expense on secured loans ⁽¹⁾							Interest expense on secured loans ⁽¹⁾	2,141	2,141	—	—	—
Total ⁽⁴⁾⁽²⁾	Total ⁽⁴⁾⁽²⁾	7,734,142	6,432,685	30,936	19,594	1,250,927	Total ⁽⁴⁾⁽²⁾	742,141	742,141	—	—	—

(1)~~We repaid all of our repurchase agreements as of May 7, 2020.~~

~~(2)The FHLBI modified~~ ~~the terms of our secured loans in the second quarter of 2020 as discussed in Note 15 - "Subsequent Events". The balance of our secured loans is due by December 2020.~~

~~(3)~~Interest expense is calculated based on variable rates in effect at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020.

~~(4)~~(2)Excluded from total contractual obligations are the amounts due to our Manager under the management agreement, as those obligations do not have fixed and determinable payments.

The above table does not include total commitments of approximately $510.2 million to fund the purchase of Agency CMBS securities because those securities are reported as an investment related payable in our condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2020. We have sold our Agency CMBS holdings as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

~~We have committed to invest up to $125.1 million~~As of June 30, 2020, we held investments in two unconsolidated joint ventures that are ~~sponsored~~managed by an affiliate of our Manager. ~~As of March 31, 2020, $118.7 million of our commitment to these unconsolidated ventures had been called.~~ We are committed to ~~fund $6.4~~invest $6.5 million in ~~additional capital~~these unconsolidated joint ventures to fund future investments and cover future expenses should they occur.

Table of March 31, 2020, we had an unfunded commitment on a loan participation interest in a secured loan of $49.6 million. We sold our loan participation interest on April 1, 2020 and no longer have any future financing commitments related to this loan participation interest.Contents

Dividends

To maintain our qualification as a REIT, U.S. federal income tax law generally requires that we distribute at least 90% of our REIT taxable income annually, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains. We must pay tax at regular corporate rates to the extent that we annually distribute less than 100% of our taxable income. Before we pay any dividend, whether for U.S. federal income tax purposes or otherwise, we must first meet both our operating requirements and debt service on our repurchase agreements and other debt payable. If our cash available for distribution is less than our taxable income, we could be required to sell assets or borrow funds to make cash distributions, or we may make a portion of the required distribution in the form of a taxable stock distribution or distribution of debt securities.

As discussed above, our distribution requirements are based on REIT taxable income rather than U.S. GAAP net income. The primary differences between our REIT taxable income and U.S. GAAP net income are: (i) unrealized gains and losses on investments that we have elected the fair value option for that are included in current U.S. GAAP income but are excluded from taxable income until realized or settled; (ii) gains and losses on derivative instruments that are included in current U.S. GAAP net income but are excluded from taxable income until realized; and (iii) temporary differences related to amortization of premiums and discounts on investments. For additional information regarding the characteristics of our dividends, refer to Note 12 – “Stockholders' Equity” of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

Inflation

Virtually all of our assets and liabilities are sensitive to interest rates. As a result, interest rates and other factors influence our performance far more than inflation. Changes in interest rates do not necessarily correlate with inflation rates or changes in inflation rates.

Unrelated Business Taxable Income

We have not engaged in transactions that would result in a portion of our income being treated as unrelated business taxable income.

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~~Exposure to Financial Counterparties~~

We historically finance a substantial portion of our investment portfolio through repurchase agreements. Under these agreements, we pledge assets from our investment portfolio as collateral. Additionally, certain counterparties may require us to provide cash collateral in the event the market value of the assets declines to maintain a contractual repurchase agreement collateral ratio. If a counterparty were to default on its obligations, we would be exposed to potential losses to the extent the fair value of collateral pledged by us to the counterparty including any accrued interest receivable on such collateral exceeded the amount loaned to us by the counterparty plus interest due to the counterparty.

As of March 31, 2020, two counterparties held collateral that exceeded the amounts borrowed under the related repurchase agreements by more than $70.5 million, or 5% of our stockholders' equity. We repaid all of our repurchase agreement borrowings in May 2020 and do not have any repurchase agreement borrowings as of the filing date of this Quarterly Report.

~~The following table summarizes our exposure to counterparties by geographic concentration as of March 31, 2020.~~

$ in thousands Number of Counterparties Repurchase Agreement Financing Exposure
North America 10 3,763,424 440,519
Europe (excluding United Kingdom) 5 1,140,260 137,350
Asia 3 447,803 43,529
United Kingdom 4 936,259 115,482
Total 22 6,287,746 736,880

Other Matters

We believe that we satisfied each of the asset tests in Section 856(c)(4) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") for the period ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, and that our proposed method of operation will permit us to satisfy the asset tests, gross income tests, and distribution and stock ownership requirements for our taxable year that will end on December 31, 2020.

At all times, we intend to conduct our business so that neither we nor our Operating Partnership nor the subsidiaries of our Operating Partnership are required to register as an investment company under the 1940 Act. If we were required to register as an investment company, then our use of leverage would be substantially reduced. Because we are a holding company that conducts our business through our Operating Partnership and the Operating Partnership’s wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, the securities issued by these subsidiaries that are excepted from the definition of "investment company" under Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act, together with any other investment securities the Operating Partnership may own, may not have a combined value in excess of 40% of the value of the Operating Partnership’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis, which we refer to as the 40% test. This requirement limits the types of businesses in which we are permitted to engage in through our subsidiaries. In addition, we believe neither we nor the Operating Partnership are considered an investment company under Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the 1940 Act because they do not engage primarily or hold themselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, through the Operating Partnership’s wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, we and the Operating Partnership are primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of these subsidiaries. IAS Asset I LLC and certain of the Operating Partnership’s other subsidiaries that we may form in the future rely upon the exclusion from the definition of "investment company" under the 1940 Act provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act, which is available for entities "primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate." This exclusion generally requires that at least 55% of each subsidiary’s portfolio be comprised of qualifying assets and at least 80% be comprised of qualifying assets and real estate-related assets (and no more than 20% comprised of miscellaneous assets). (“percentage tests”). The SEC staff has issued a “no-action” letter in which it confirmed that it would not recommend enforcement action if an issuer continues to rely on the exclusion provided by Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the 1940 Act if the issuer does not meet the percentage tests if: (1) the inability to meet those tests is the result of the sale of an underlying asset; (2) proceeds from the sale are invested in government securities, certificates of deposit, or other securities appropriate for the purpose of preserving value pending the investment of the proceeds in assets that meet the percentage tests; and (3) the issuer intends to purchase assets that meet the percentage tests as soon as possible but generally within one year. (Medidentic Mortgage Investors, SEC No-Action Letter (May 23, 1984)). In light of this analysis, we believe that as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we conducted our business so as not to be regulated as an investment company under the 1940 Act.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

The primary components of our market risk are related to interest rate, principal prepayment and market value. While we do not seek to avoid risk completely, we believe the risk can be quantified from historical experience and we seek to actively manage that risk, to earn sufficient compensation to justify taking those risks and to maintain capital levels consistent with the risks we undertake.

For additional discussion of market risk associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, see Item Part II. Item 1A - Risk Factors of this Quarterly Report.

Interest Rate Risk

Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental, monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations, and other factors beyond our control. We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our investments and our repurchase agreements. Our repurchase agreements are typically short-term in nature and are periodically refinanced at current market rates. We typically mitigate this interest rate risk by utilizing derivative contracts, primarily interest rate swap agreements, futures, and TBAs.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant dislocations in financial markets, including the interest rates market. In March 2020, the Federal Open Market Committee lowered the Federal Funds target range to 0 to 0.25%. We ~~currently do~~did not have any interest rate hedges in place ~~given our expectation that normal correlations between hedging instruments and portfolio assets would not follow historical patterns. We intend~~as of June 30, 2020 due to ~~resume~~limited interest rate ~~hedging activity when normal~~sensitivity and prevailing market ~~correlations resume~~conditions.

We resumed purchasing 30 year fixed-rate Agency RMBS in ~~the fixed income markets.~~July 2020 and financed these purchases with repurchase agreement borrowings. We entered into interest rate swaps to mitigate our interest rate risk associated with these borrowings.

Interest Rate Effect on Net Interest Income

Our operating results depend in large part upon differences between the yields earned on our investments and our cost of borrowing and interest rate hedging activities. Most of our repurchase agreements provide financing based on a floating rate of interest calculated on a fixed spread over LIBOR. The fixed spread will vary depending on the type of underlying asset which collateralizes the financing. Accordingly, the portion of our portfolio which consists of floating interest rate assets are match-funded utilizing our expected sources of short-term financing, while our fixed interest rate assets are not match-funded. During periods of rising interest rates, the borrowing costs associated with our investments tend to increase while the income earned on our fixed interest rate investments may remain substantially unchanged. This increase in borrowing costs results in the narrowing of the net interest spread between the related assets and borrowings and may even result in losses. Further, during this portion of the interest rate and credit cycles, defaults could increase and result in credit losses to us, which could adversely affect our liquidity and operating results. Such delinquencies or defaults could also have an adverse effect on the spread between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

Hedging techniques are partly based on assumed levels of prepayments of our RMBS. If prepayments are slower or faster than assumed, the life of the RMBS will be longer or shorter, which would reduce the effectiveness of any hedging strategies we may use and may cause losses on such transactions. Hedging strategies involving the use of derivative securities are highly complex and may produce volatile returns.

Interest Rate Effects on Fair Value

Another component of interest rate risk is the effect that changes in interest rates will have on the market value of the assets that we acquire. We face the risk that the market value of our assets will increase or decrease at different rates than those of our liabilities, including our hedging instruments.

We primarily assess our interest rate risk by estimating the duration of our assets and the duration of our liabilities. Duration measures the market price volatility of financial instruments as interest rates change. We generally calculate duration using various financial models and empirical data. Different models and methodologies can produce different duration ~~numbers~~values for the same securities.

The impact of changing interest rates on fair value can change significantly when interest rates change materially. Therefore, the volatility in the fair value of our assets could increase significantly in the event interest rates change materially. In addition, other factors impact the fair value of our interest rate-sensitive investments and hedging instruments, such as the shape of the yield curve, market expectations as to future interest rate changes and other market conditions. Accordingly, changes in actual interest rates may have a material adverse effect on us.

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Spread Risk

We employ a variety of spread risk management techniques that seek to mitigate the influences of spread changes on our book value and our liquidity to help us achieve our investment objectives. We refer to the difference between interest rates on our investments and interest rates on risk free instruments as spreads. The yield on our investments changes over time due to the level of risk free interest rates, the creditworthiness of the security, and the price of the perceived risk. The change in the market yield of our interest rate hedges also changes primarily with the level of risk free interest rates. We manage spread risk through careful asset selection, sector allocation, regulating our portfolio value-at-risk, and maintaining adequate liquidity. Changes in spreads impact our book value and our liquidity and could cause us to sell assets and to change our investment strategy in order to maintain liquidity and preserve book value.

Uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic caused credit spreads to widen significantly in the second half of March 2020 and continuing into April 2020. Unprecedented government responses, including fiscal stimulus, monetary policy actions, and various purchase and financing programs have had and will continue to impact credit spreads.

Prepayment Risk

As we receive prepayments of principal on our investments, premiums paid on these investments are amortized against interest income. In general, an increase in prepayment rates will accelerate the amortization of purchase premiums, thereby reducing the interest income earned on the investments. Conversely, discounts on such investments are accreted into interest income. In general, an increase in prepayment rates will accelerate the accretion of purchase discounts, thereby increasing the interest income earned on the investments.

Historically low interest rates, high interest rate volatility, uncertainties related to government ~~polices~~policies on mortgage finance in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing, and other factors have made it more difficult to predict prepayment levels for the securities in our portfolio. As a result, it is possible that realized prepayment behavior will be materially different from our expectations.

Extension Risk

We compute the projected weighted average life of our investments based upon assumptions regarding the rate at which the borrowers will prepay the underlying mortgages. In general, when a fixed-rate or hybrid adjustable-rate security is acquired with borrowings, we may, but are not required to, enter into an interest rate swap agreement or other hedging instrument that effectively fixes our borrowing costs for a period close to the anticipated average life of the fixed-rate portion of the related assets. This strategy is designed to protect us from rising interest rates, because the borrowing costs are fixed for the duration of the fixed-rate portion of the related target asset.

However, if prepayment rates decrease in a rising interest rate environment, then the life of the fixed-rate portion of the related assets could extend beyond the term of the swap agreement or other hedging instrument. This could have a negative impact on our results from operations, as borrowing costs would no longer be fixed after the end of the hedging instrument, while the income earned on the hybrid adjustable-rate assets would remain fixed. This situation may also cause the market value of our hybrid adjustable-rate assets to decline, with little or no offsetting gain from the related hedging transactions. In extreme situations, we may be forced to sell assets to maintain adequate liquidity, which could cause us to incur losses.

Market Risk

Market Value Risk

Our available-for-sale securities are reflected at their estimated fair value with unrealized gains and losses excluded from earnings and reported in other comprehensive income pursuant to ASC Topic 320. The estimated fair value of these securities fluctuates primarily due to changes in interest rates and other factors. Generally, in a rising interest rate environment, the estimated fair value of these securities would be expected to decrease; conversely, in a ~~decreasing~~falling interest rate environment, the estimated fair value of these securities would be expected to increase.

The COVID-19 pandemic and related preventative measures have caused unprecedented volatility and illiquidity in fixed income markets. The amount of financing we receive under our repurchase agreements is directly related to our counterparties’ valuation of our assets that collateralize the outstanding repurchase agreement financing. As a result, if these market conditions persist, margin call risk remains elevated and our operating results and financial condition may be materially impacted.

The sensitivity analysis table presented below shows the estimated impact of an instantaneous parallel shift in the yield curve, up and down 50 and 100 basis points, on the market value of our interest rate-sensitive investments and net interest income, including net interest paid or received under interest rate swaps, at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, assuming a static portfolio and constant financing and credit spreads. When evaluating the impact of changes in interest rates, prepayment assumptions and

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principal reinvestment rates are adjusted based on our Manager’s expectations. The analysis presented utilized assumptions, models and estimates of our Manager based on our Manager’s judgment and experience.


Change in Interest Rates	Change in Interest Rates	Percentage Change in Projected Net Interest Income		Percentage Change in Projected Portfolio Value		Change in Interest Rates	Percentage Change in Projected Net Interest Income		Percentage Change in Projected Portfolio Value
+1.00%	+1.00%	(22.47)	%	(3.62)	%	+1.00%	(1.93)	%	(2.88)	%
+0.50%	+0.50%	(10.87)	%	(1.80)	%	+0.50%	(1.00)	%	(1.47)	%
-0.50%	-0.50%	11.17	%	1.66	%	-0.50%	1.54	%	0.90	%
-1.00%	-1.00%	23.16	%	2.72	%	-1.00%	1.12	%	1.12	%

Certain assumptions have been made in connection with the calculation of the information set forth in the foregoing interest rate sensitivity table and, as such, there can be no assurance that assumed events will occur or that other events will not occur that would affect the outcomes. The base interest rate scenario assumes interest rates at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. Furthermore, while we generally expect to retain such assets and the associated interest rate risk to maturity, future purchases and sales of assets could materially change our interest rate risk profile.

Our scenario analysis assumes a floor of 0% for U.S. Treasury yields. Given the relatively low interest rates at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, to be consistent, we also applied a floor of 0% for all related funding costs. Due to this floor, we anticipate that declines in funding costs resulting from a significant interest rate decrease would be limited. At the same time, increases in prepayment speed forecasts resulting from lower rates are also limited by this assumption. For purposes of our calculations, the net interest income projections are determined for each specific security. In contrast, for the market value analysis, this floor may limit the gains in market values in scenarios where the interest rate drops significantly.

The information set forth in the interest rate sensitivity table above and all related disclosures constitutes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimated in the foregoing interest rate sensitivity table.

Real Estate Risk

Residential and commercial property values are subject to volatility and may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including, but not limited to: national, regional and local economic conditions (which may be adversely affected by industry slowdowns and other factors); local real estate conditions (such as the supply of housing stock); changes or continued weakness in specific industry segments; construction quality, age and design; demographic factors; and retroactive changes to building or similar codes. In addition, decreases in property values reduce the value of the collateral and the potential proceeds available to a borrower to repay our loans, which could also cause us to suffer losses.

Credit Risk

We retain the risk of potential credit losses on all our residential and commercial mortgage investments. We seek to manage this risk through our pre-acquisition due diligence process. In addition, we re-evaluate the credit risk inherent in our investments on a regular basis pursuant to fundamental considerations such as GDP, unemployment, interest rates, retail sales, store closings/openings, corporate earnings, housing inventory, affordability and regional home price trends. We also review key loan credit metrics including, but not limited to, payment status, current loan-to-value ratios, current borrower credit scores and debt yields. These characteristics assist in determining the likelihood and severity of loan loss as well as prepayment and extension expectations. We then perform structural analysis under multiple scenarios to establish likely cash flow profiles and credit enhancement levels relative to collateral performance projections. This analysis allows us to quantify our opinions of credit quality and fundamental value, which are key drivers of portfolio management decisions.

The conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic have adversely affected the fundamentals of many of our portfolio investments. The significant decrease in economic activity and/or resulting decline in the housing market could have an adverse effect on the value of our investments in mortgage real estate-related assets. Further, in light of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the overall economy, such as rising unemployment levels or changes in consumer behavior related to loans as well as government policies and pronouncements, borrowers may experience difficulties meeting their obligations or seek to forbear or further forbear payment on or refinance their mortgage loans to avail themselves of lower rates. In addition to residential mortgage-related assets, the adverse economic conditions could negatively impact tenants onunderlying our commercial property assets resulting in potential delinquencies, defaults or declines in asset values. In many instances, tenants are foregoing rent payments or seeking forbearance. As a result, loans may experience increased delinquencies and defaults, which could impact the fundamental performance of our mortgage-backed securities. Further, we expect credit rating agencies to reassess transactions that are negatively impacted by these adverse changes. This may result in our investments being downgraded by credit rating agencies.

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Foreign Exchange Rate Risk

We have an ~~investment~~investment of ~~€14.1~~€12.8 million in an unconsolidated joint venture whose net assets and results of operations are exposed to foreign currency translation risk when ~~translated~~translated in U.S. dollars upon consolidation. We seek to hedge our foreign currency exposures by purchasing currency forward contracts.

Risk Management

To the extent consistent with maintaining our REIT qualification, we seek to manage risk exposure to protect our investment portfolio against the effects of major interest rate changes. We generally seek to manage this risk by:

•monitoring and adjusting, if necessary, the reset index and interest rate related to our target assets and our financings;

•attempting to structure our financing agreements to have a range of different maturities, terms, amortizations and interest rate adjustment periods;

•exploring options to obtain financing arrangements that are not marked to ~~market~~market;

•using hedging instruments, primarily interest rate swap agreements but also financial futures, options, interest rate cap agreements, floors and forward sales to adjust the interest rate sensitivity of our target assets and our borrowings; and

•actively managing, on an aggregate basis, the interest rate indices, interest rate adjustment periods, and gross reset margins of our target assets and the interest rate indices and adjustment periods of our financings.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act.

We have evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020. Based upon our evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

From time to time, we may be involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we were not involved in any such legal proceedings.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

There were no material changes during the period covered by this Report to the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, other than those risks related to the COVID-19 pandemic as described below. Additional risks not presently known, or that we currently deem immaterial, also may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The ~~global~~ COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected, and will likely continue to adversely affect, the U.S. economy, the mortgage REIT industry and our business.

The COVID-19 pandemic and the related preventative measures are causing significant disruptions to the U.S. and global economies and has contributed to volatility and negative pressure in financial markets. Many businesses, particularly smaller ones within the service-sector, have been forced to close, furlough and/or lay off employees. As a result, U.S. unemployment claims have dramatically risen at unprecedented rates. Other economic activity, including retail sales and industrial production, have slowed as well. Current forecasts of economic activity suggest a meaningful economic contraction in the first half of 2020, with the potential for some economic recovery later in the year. However, the pace, timing and strength of any recovery are still unknown and difficult to predict.

Beginning in the first quarter of 2020, particularly in March, the COVID-19 pandemic began to adversely affect the mortgage REIT industry generally. In addition to negative general economic conditions, the impact of COVID-19 caused severe volatility across asset classes, including mortgage-related assets. Forced sales of the securities and other assets that secure repurchase and other financing arrangements due to drops in fair market value of such collateral have been, and may continue to be, on terms less favorable than might otherwise be available in a regularly functioning market and have, and may continue to generate higher than historical levels of margin calls.

The conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic discussed above have also adversely affected our business and we expect these conditions to continue during 2020. The significant decrease in economic activity and/or resulting decline in the real estate market could have an adverse effect on the value of our investments in mortgage real estate-related assets. Further, in light of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the overall economy, such as rising unemployment levels or changes in consumer behavior related to loans as well as government policies and pronouncements, borrowers may experience difficulties meeting their obligations or seek to forbear or further forbear payment on or refinance their mortgage loans to avail themselves of lower rates. Elevated levels of delinquency or default would have an adverse impact on the value of our mortgage related assets. In addition to residential mortgage-related assets, the adverse economic conditions could negatively impact tenants on our commercial property assets resulting in potential delinquencies, defaults or declines in asset values. To the extent current conditions persist or worsen, we expect there to be a negative effect on our results of operations, which may reduce earnings and, in turn, cash available for distribution to our stockholders. The continued spread of COVID-19 could also negatively impact the availability of our Manager’s key personnel necessary to conduct our business.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. government has taken various actions to support the economy and the continued functioning of the financial markets. The Federal Reserve has announced its commitment to purchase unlimited amounts of U.S. Treasuries, mortgage-backed securities, municipal bonds and other assets. In addition, President Trump signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, which will provide billions of dollars of relief to individuals, businesses, state and local governments, and the health care system suffering the impact of the pandemic, including mortgage loan forbearance and modification programs to qualifying borrowers who have difficulty making their loan payments. There can be no assurance as to how, in the long term, these and other actions by the U.S. government will affect the efficiency, liquidity and stability of the financial and mortgage markets. To the extent the financial or mortgage markets do not respond favorably to any of these actions, or such actions do not function as intended, our business, results of operations and financial condition may continue to be materially adversely affected.

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Our inability to access funding or the terms on which funding is available could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition, particularly in light of ongoing market dislocations resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Our ability to fund our operations, meet financial obligations and finance asset acquisitions may be impacted by an inability to secure and maintain our repurchase agreements with counterparties. Because repurchase agreements are short-term commitments of capital, repurchase agreement counterparties may respond to market conditions in a manner that makes it more difficult for us to renew or replace on a continuous basis maturing short-term financings and have and may continue to impose less favorable conditions when rolling such financings. If we are not able to renew or roll our repurchase agreements or arrange for new financing on terms acceptable to us, or if we default on our financial covenants, are otherwise unable to access funds under our financing arrangements, or if we are required to post more collateral or face larger haircuts on our financings, we may have to dispose of assets at significantly lower prices and at inopportune times, which could cause significant losses, and may also force us to limit our asset acquisition activities.

Issues related to financing are heightened in times of significant volatility in the financial markets, such as those being experienced now in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. It is possible that our financing counterparties will become unwilling or unable to provide us with financing, and we could be forced to sell our assets at an inopportune time when prices are depressed or markets are illiquid, which could cause significant losses. In addition, if the regulatory capital requirements imposed on our financing counterparties change, they may be required to significantly increase the cost of the financing that they provide to us, or to increase the amounts of collateral they require as a condition to providing us with financing. Our financing counterparties also have revised, and may continue to revise, their eligibility requirements for the types of assets that they are willing to finance or the terms of such financings, including increased haircuts and requiring additional cash collateral, based on, among other factors, the regulatory environment and their management of actual and perceived risk. Moreover, the amount of financing that we receive under our repurchase agreements will be directly related to our counterparties’ valuation of our assets that collateralize the outstanding repurchase agreement financing. Typically, repurchase agreements grant the repurchase agreement counterparty the absolute right to reevaluate the fair market value of the assets that cover the amount financed under the repurchase agreement at any time. If a repurchase agreement counterparty determines in its sole discretion that the value of the assets subject to the repurchase agreement financing has decreased, it has the right to initiate a margin call. These valuations may be different than the values that we ascribe to these assets and may be influenced by recent asset sales at distressed levels by forced sellers. A margin call requires us to transfer additional assets to a repurchase agreement counterparty without any advance of funds from the counterparty for such transfer or to repay a portion of the outstanding repurchase agreement financing. We would also be required to post additional collateral if haircuts increase under a repurchase agreement. In these situations, we could be forced to sell assets at significantly depressed prices to meet such margin calls or increased haircuts and to maintain adequate liquidity, which could cause significant losses.

As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, during the ~~first quarter of~~six months ended June 30, 2020, we observed a mark-down of a portion of our mortgage assets by the counterparties to our financing arrangements, resulting in us having to post cash or securities to satisfy higher than historical levels of margin calls. Significant margin calls had and could have in the future a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, business, liquidity and ability to make distributions to our stockholders, and caused and could cause in the future the value of our common stock to decline. We may be and have been forced to sell assets at significantly depressed prices to meet such margin calls and to maintain adequate liquidity. If these trends continue, it will continue to have a negative adverse impact on our liquidity.

Our ability to make distributions to our stockholders has been and may continue to be adversely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends on shares of common stock will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. Consistent with our intention to enhance our liquidity and strengthen our cash position to take advantage of future opportunities, in the second quarter of 2020, our board of directors reduced our quarterly cash dividend on our shares of common stock from prior quarters. The payment of dividends may be more uncertain during severe market disruption in the mortgage, real estate or related sectors, such as those being experienced now as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Additionally, the Internal Revenue Service issued a revenue procedure permitting “publicly offered” REITs, such as us to pay dividends in a mixture of stock and cash, with at least 10% of the total distribution being paid in cash, to satisfy their REIT distribution requirements. Pursuant to this revenue procedure, we have elected and may elect again in the future to make distributions of our taxable income to common stockholders in a mixture of our common stock and cash. As a result, common stockholders may be required to pay income taxes with respect to such dividends in excess of cash received. If a U.S.

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amount included in income with respect to the dividend, depending on the market price of our common stock at the time of the sale. Furthermore, with respect to certain non-U.S. stockholders, we or the applicable withholding agent may be required to withhold U.S. tax with respect to such dividends, including in respect of all or a portion of such dividend that is payable in common stock. In addition, if a significant number of our stockholders determine to sell shares of our common stock in order to pay taxes owed on dividends, it may put downward pressure on the trading price of our common stock.

We have experienced, and may continue to experience, significant changes in our portfolio during times of severe market disruption in the mortgage, real estate or related sectors, such as those being experienced now as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Consistent with current market conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic and our intention to enhance our liquidity and strengthen our cash position, during the ~~first quarter of~~six months ended June 30, 2020, we have reduced leverage and taken other steps to manage our portfolio through unprecedented market volatility and preserve long-term stockholder value, including completing various transactions to reposition our portfolio. Stockholders may not agree with, nor are required to consent to, significant changes to our portfolio.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an uncertain and volatile interest rate environment, which could adversely affect our business.

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an uncertain and volatile interest rate environment and general fixed income patterns have deviated widely from historical trends, which have and may continue to adversely affect our business. We have experienced historically larger spreads to benchmark rates in the repurchase markets and, in some cases, availability of repurchase financing has been limited or not available. Further, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, significant government programs, stimulus plans as well as government purchase and finance programs have had and will continue to have an impact on interest rates and fair values of fixed income assets. It is unclear what the impact of these actions will be and how long they will continue to drive the interest rate environment. With respect to prepayments, given the combination of low interest rates, government stimulus and high unemployment, and other disruptions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become more difficult to predict prepayment levels for the securities in our portfolio. Actual prepayment results may be materially different than the assumptions we use. With respect to our hedging activities, we terminated all of our remaining interest rate swaps in March 2020 as we repositioned our portfolio in response to unprecedented market conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and reduced our exposure to interest rate risk. However, we ~~anticipate~~returned to utilizing hedges in ~~future quarters.~~July 2020.

Market disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have made it more difficult for us to determine the fair value of our investments.

As discussed in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, market-based inputs are generally the preferred source of values for purposes of measuring the fair value of many of our assets under U.S. GAAP. The markets for our investments have experienced, and continue to experience, extreme volatility, reduced transaction volume and liquidity, and disruption as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, which has made it more difficult for us, and for the providers of third-party valuations that we use, to rely on market-based inputs in connection with the valuation of many of our assets under U.S. GAAP. In the absence of market inputs, U.S. GAAP permits the use of management assumptions to measure fair value. However, the considerable market volatility and disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the considerable uncertainty regarding the ultimate impact and duration of the pandemic have made it more difficult for our management to formulate assumptions to measure the fair value of certain of our assets.

The fair value of certain of our investments may fluctuate over short periods of time, and our determinations of fair value may differ materially from the values that would have been used if a ready market for these investments existed. The value of our common stock and preferred stock could be adversely affected if our determinations regarding the fair value of these investments were materially higher than the values that we ultimately realize upon their disposal.

We have experienced, and may experience in the future, a decline in the fair value of our investments as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which could materially and adversely affect us.

During the ~~quarter~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, wewe experienced a significant amount of realized and unrealized losses on our assets. A future decline in the fair value of our investments as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic may require us to recognize

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an impairment under U.S. GAAP if we were to determine that, with respect to any assets in unrealized loss positions, we do not

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have the ability and intent to hold such assets to maturity or for a period of time sufficient to allow for recovery to the original acquisition cost of such assets. If such a determination were to be made, we would recognize unrealized losses through earnings and write down the amortized cost of such assets to a new cost basis, based on the fair value of such assets on the date they are considered to be impaired. Such impairment charges reflect non-cash losses at the time of recognition. The subsequent disposition or sale of such assets could further affect our future losses or gains, as they are based on the difference between the sale price received and adjusted amortized cost of such assets at the time of sale. If we experience a decline in the fair value of our investments, it could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and ability to make distributions to our stockholders.

Measures intended to prevent the spread of COVID-19 could disrupt our operations.

In response to the outbreak of COVID-19 and the federal and state mandates implemented to control its spread, a significant portion of our Manager’s employees are working remotely. If our Manager’s employees are unable to work effectively as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, including because of illness, quarantines, office closures, ineffective remote work arrangements or technology failures or limitations, our operations would be adversely impacted. Further, remote work arrangements may increase the risk of cyber-security incidents and cyber-attacks, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations, due to, among other things, the loss of investor or proprietary data, interruptions or delays in the operation of our business and damage to our reputation.

We may incur losses as a result of unforeseen or catastrophic events, including the emergence of a pandemic, terrorist attacks, extreme weather events or other natural disasters.

The occurrence of unforeseen or catastrophic events, including the emergence of a pandemic, such as COVID-19, or other widespread health emergency (or concerns over the possibility of such an emergency), terrorist attacks or natural disasters, could create economic and financial disruptions, and could lead to material adverse declines in the market values of our assets, illiquidity in our investment and financing markets and negatively impact our ability to effectively conduct our business.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

During the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2020, we did not repurchase any shares of our common stock.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES.

~~No disclosure required. Please see the Company’s Form 8-Ks filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 24, 2020, March 26, 2020, April 7, 2020, April 17, 2020 and May 11, 2020.~~None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION.

None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

A list of exhibits to this Form 10-Q is set forth on the Exhibit Index and is incorporated herein by reference.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	INVESCO MORTGAGE CAPITAL INC.

~~June 22,~~August 6, 2020	By:	/s/ John M. Anzalone
		John M. Anzalone
		Chief Executive Officer

~~June 22,~~August 6, 2020	By:	/s/ R. Lee Phegley, Jr.
		R. Lee Phegley, Jr.
		Chief Financial Officer

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EXHIBIT INDEX

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit No.						Description

3.1						Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Invesco Mortgage Capital Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on August 12, 2009).

3.2						Articles Supplementary of 7.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on July 23, 2012).

3.3						Articles Supplementary classifying 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s preferred stock as additional Series A Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 19, 2019).

3.4						Articles Supplementary of 7.75% Fixed-to-Floating Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on September 8, 2014).

3.5						Articles Supplementary classifying 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s preferred stock as additional Series B Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 19, 2019).

3.6						Articles Supplementary of 7.50% Fixed-to-Floating Series C Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A, filed with the SEC on August 11, 2017).

3.7						Articles Supplementary classifying 4,000,000 shares of the Company’s preferred stock as additional Series C Shares (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on March 19, 2019).

3.8						Amended and Restated Bylaws of Invesco Mortgage Capital Inc., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on February 17, 2017.



31.1						Certification of John M. Anzalone pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2						Certification of R. Lee Phegley, Jr. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1						Certification of John M. Anzalone pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2						Certification of R. Lee Phegley, Jr. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(b) and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101						101.INS XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. 101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document 101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document 101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document 101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document

104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

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	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020
	Restricted Stock Units	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value ⁽¹⁾
Unvested at the beginning of the period	12,520	$	12.84
Shares granted during the period	2,996	16.08


Shares vested during the period	(4,844)	14.82
Unvested at the end of the period	10,672	$	12.85


$ in thousands	Number of Counterparties	Repurchase Agreement Financing	Exposure
North America	10	3,763,424	440,519
Europe (excluding United Kingdom)	5	1,140,260	137,350
Asia	3	447,803	43,529
United Kingdom	4	936,259	115,482
Total	22	6,287,746	736,880