UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C.  20549

 

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

☑

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period endedJuly 31, 2016April 30, 2017

 

OR

 

☐

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from ____________________ to _________________________

 

Commission file number  0-22823

 

QAD Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware

77-0105228

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

100 Innovation Place, Santa Barbara, California  93108

(Address of principal executive offices)

(805) 566-6000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes ☑  No ☐.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☑  No ☐.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “smaller reporting“emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.  (Check One):

 

Large accelerated filer ☐

Accelerated filer ☑

Non-accelerated filer ☐  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company ☐

Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.   ☐ 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes ☐  No ☑.

 

As of AugustMay 31, 2016,2017, there were 15,767,63215,817,834 shares of the Registrant’s Class A common stock outstanding and 3,205,8653,211,691 shares of the Registrant’s Class B common stock outstanding.

 

 
 

 

QAD INC.

INDEX

 

Page

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Page

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

Financial Statements (unaudited)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 20162017

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)Loss for the Three and Six Months Ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016 and 2015

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the SixThree Months Ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016 and 2015

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

4

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

Management’sManagement’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

1613

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

3324

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 4.

Controls and Procedures

3425

 

 

 

 

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

 

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1.

Legal Proceedings

3625

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 1A.

Risk Factors

3625

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

36

26

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 3.

Defaults Upon Senior Securities

3626

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 4.

Mine Safety Disclosure

3626

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 5.

Other Information

3626

 

 

 

 

 

ITEM 6

Exhibits

3626

 

 

 

 

 

SIGNATURES

3727

 

 
 

 

PART I

 

ITEM 1 – FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

QAD INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)

 

  

July 31,

2016

  

January 31,

2016

 

Assets

        

Current assets:

        

Cash and equivalents

 $134,708  $137,731 

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $2,311 and $2,642 at July 31, 2016 and January 31, 2016, respectively

  45,468   65,512 

Deferred tax assets, net

  8,449   8,203 

Other current assets

  18,369   16,024 

Total current assets

  206,994   227,470 

Property and equipment, net

  31,658   32,080 

Capitalized software costs, net

  1,127   1,553 

Goodwill

  10,680   10,645 

Deferred tax assets, net

  12,156   11,919 

Other assets, net

  2,332   2,679 

Total assets

 $264,947  $286,346 
         

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

        

Current liabilities:

        

Current portion of long-term debt

 $433  $422 

Accounts payable

  7,315   10,811 

Deferred revenue

  85,268   97,911 

Other current liabilities

  27,778   31,535 

Total current liabilities

  120,794   140,679 

Long-term debt

  13,975   14,191 

Other liabilities

  5,052   4,465 

Commitments and contingencies

        

Stockholders’ equity:

        

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value. Authorized 5,000,000 shares; none issued or outstanding

        

Common stock:

        

Class A, $0.001 par value. Authorized 71,000,000 shares; issued 16,605,173 shares and 16,603,729 shares at July 31, 2016 and January 31, 2016, respectively

  16   16 

Class B, $0.001 par value. Authorized 4,000,000 shares; issued 3,537,380 shares and 3,537,366 shares at July 31, 2016 and January 31, 2016, respectively

  4   4 

Additional paid-in capital

  194,943   195,420 

Treasury stock, at cost (1,173,138 shares and 1,365,885 shares at July 31, 2016 and January 31, 2016, respectively)

 ��(15,701

)

  (18,717

)

Accumulated deficit

  (45,767

)

  (40,983

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  (8,369

)

  (8,729

)

Total stockholders’ equity

  125,126   127,011 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 $264,947  $286,346 

  

April 30,

2017

  

January 31,

2017

 

Assets

        

Current assets:

        

Cash and equivalents

 $153,348  $145,082 

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $2,221 and $2,205 at April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017, respectively

  46,381   69,441 

Other current assets

  15,851   15,351 

Total current assets

  215,580   229,874 

Property and equipment, net

  30,497   30,872 

Capitalized software costs, net

  641   732 

Goodwill

  10,646   10,558 

Deferred tax assets, net

  6,455   6,166 

Other assets, net

  1,978   2,688 

Total assets

 $265,797  $280,890 
         

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

        

Current liabilities:

        

Current portion of long-term debt

 $450  $446 

Accounts payable

  8,168   11,316 

Deferred revenue

  97,235   104,125 

Other current liabilities

  30,231   33,636 

Total current liabilities

  136,084   149,523 

Long-term debt

  13,654   13,767 

Other liabilities

  5,037   4,914 

Commitments and contingencies

        

Stockholders’ equity:

        

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value. Authorized 5,000,000 shares; none issued or outstanding

        

Common stock:

        

Class A, $0.001 par value. Authorized 71,000,000 shares; issued 16,605,215 shares at both April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017

  16   16 

Class B, $0.001 par value. Authorized 4,000,000 shares; issued 3,537,380 shares at both April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017

  4   4 

Additional paid-in capital

  199,069   197,594 

Treasury stock, at cost (1,115,536 shares and 1,125,552 shares at April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2017, respectively)

  (15,047

)

  (15,170)

Accumulated deficit

  (65,029

)

  (61,127)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  (7,991

)

  (8,631)

Total stockholders’ equity

  111,022   112,686 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 $265,797  $280,890 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 


 

QAD INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)LOSS

(in thousands, except per share data)

(unaudited)

 

  

Three Months Ended

  

Six Months Ended

 
  

July 31,

  

July 31,

 
  

2016

  

2015

  

2016

  

2015

 
                 

Revenue:

                

License fees

 $6,416  $8,560  $10,363  $15,411 

Subscription fees

  12,317   9,145   23,809   18,564 

Maintenance and other

  33,266   33,833   66,102   67,216 

Professional services

  17,779   19,753   34,901   39,365 

Total revenue

  69,778   71,291   135,175   140,556 
                 

Costs of revenue:

                

License fees

  765   972   1,490   1,901 

Subscription fees

  6,748   5,162   12,945   10,226 

Maintenance and other

  7,769   7,907   15,532   15,684 

Professional services

  17,623   18,587   35,048   36,915 

Total cost of revenue

  32,905   32,628   65,015   64,726 
                 

Gross profit

  36,873   38,663   70,160   75,830 
                 

Operating expenses:

                

Sales and marketing

  17,400   16,982   34,322   34,127 

Research and development

  11,149   10,590   22,283   21,247 

General and administrative

  8,521   8,602   16,526   17,043 

Amortization of intangibles from acquisitions

  166   166   331   330 

Total operating expenses

  37,236   36,340   73,462   72,747 
                 

Operating (loss) income

  (363

)

  2,323   (3,302

)

  3,083 
                 

Other (income) expense:

                

Interest income

  (159

)

  (87

)

  (331

)

  (144

)

Interest expense

  161   190   335   373 

Other (income) expense, net

  (433

)

  (413

)

  437   (532

)

Total other (income) expense

  (431

)

  (310

)

  441   (303

)

                 

Income (loss) before income taxes

  68   2,633   (3,743

)

  3,386 

Income tax (benefit) expense

  (532

)

  1,002   (1,601

)

  1,206 
                 

Net income (loss)

 $600  $1,631  $(2,142

)

 $2,180 
                 

Basic net income (loss) per share

                

Class A

 $0.03  $0.09  $(0.12

)

 $0.12 

Class B

 $0.03  $0.08  $(0.10

)

 $0.10 

Diluted net income (loss) per share

                

Class A

 $0.03  $0.09  $(0.12

)

 $0.12 

Class B

 $0.03  $0.07  $(0.10

)

 $0.10 
                 

Net income (loss)

 $600  $1,631  $(2,142

)

 $2,180 

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

                

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  (246

)

  (745

)

  360   (672

)

Total comprehensive income (loss)

 $354  $886  $(1,782

)

 $1,508 

  

Three Months Ended

April 30,

 
  

2017

  

2016

 

Revenue:

        

Subscription fees

 $15,343  $11,492 

License fees

  5,265   3,947 

Maintenance and other

  31,906   32,836 

Professional services

  18,868   17,122 

Total revenue

  71,382   65,397 
         

Costs of revenue:

        

Subscription fees

  7,720   6,200 

License fees

  685   725 

Maintenance and other

  7,694   7,769 

Professional services

  18,767   17,444 

Total cost of revenue

  34,866   32,138 
         

Gross profit

  36,516   33,259 
         

Operating expenses:

        

Sales and marketing

  17,587   16,938 

Research and development

  11,532   11,143 

General and administrative

  8,593   8,006 

Amortization of intangibles from acquisitions

  163   165 

Total operating expenses

  37,875   36,252 
         

Operating loss

  (1,359

)

  (2,993

)

         

Other expense (income):

        

Interest income

  (168

)

  (172

)

Interest expense

  156   174 

Other expense (income), net

  604   870 

Total other expense, net

  592   872 
         

Loss before income taxes

  (1,951

)

  (3,865

)

Income tax expense (benefit)

  620   (1,073

)

         

Net loss

 $(2,571

)

 $(2,792

)

         

Basic net loss per share

        

Class A

 $(0.14

)

 $(0.15

)

Class B

 $(0.12

)

 $(0.13

)

Diluted net loss per share

        

Class A

 $(0.14

)

 $(0.15

)

Class B

 $(0.12

)

 $(0.13

)

         

Net loss

 $(2,571

)

 $(2,792

)

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

        

Foreign currency translation adjustments

  640   606 

Total comprehensive loss

 $(1,931

)

 $(2,186

)

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 


 

QAD INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

 

Six Months Ended

July 31,

  

Three Months Ended

April 30,

 
 

2016

  

2015

  

2017

  

2016

 
                

Cash flows from operating activities:

                

Net (loss) income

 $(2,142

)

 $2,180 

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:

        

Net loss

 $(2,571

)

 $(2,792

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:

        

Depreciation and amortization

  3,003   2,887   1,522   1,476 

Provision for doubtful accounts and sales adjustments

  —   432   113   49 

Stock compensation expense

  3,972   3,737 

Change in fair value of derivative instrument

  212   (351

)

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

  (254

)

  (1,078

)

Stock-based compensation expense

  1,768   1,608 

Change in fair value of interest rate swap

  (13

)

  31 

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                

Accounts receivable

  20,412   31,283   23,250   21,430 

Other assets

  (2,859

)

  748   (111

)

  (2,964

)

Accounts payable

  (3,518

)

  (4,474

)

  (3,279

)

  (3,151

)

Deferred revenue

  (13,015

)

  (19,184

)

  (7,623

)

  (7,480

)

Other liabilities

  (4,045

)

  (7,023

)

  (5,174

)

  (6,850

)

Net cash provided by operating activities

  1,766   9,157   7,882   1,357 

Cash flows from investing activities:

                

Purchase of property and equipment

  (1,682

)

  (1,653

)

  (652

)

  (1,074

)

Capitalized software costs

  (62

)

  (39

)

  (143

)

  (12

)

Net cash used in investing activities

  (1,744

)

  (1,692

)

  (795

)

  (1,086

)

Cash flows from financing activities:

                

Repayments of debt

  (233

)

  (204

)

  (129

)

  (106

)

Tax payments, net of proceeds, related to stock awards

  (1,584

)

  (2,165

)

  (170

)

  (369

)

Payment of contingent liability associated with acquisitions

  —   (750

)

Excess tax benefits from share-based payment arrangements

  254   1,078 

Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs

  —   8,365 

Cash dividends paid

  (2,642

)

  (2,609

)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

  (4,205

)

  3,715 

Net cash used in financing activities

  (299

)

  (475

)

                

Effect of exchange rates on cash and equivalents

  1,160   (1,621

)

  1,478   2,351 
                

Net (decrease) increase in cash and equivalents

  (3,023

)

  9,559 

Net increase in cash and equivalents

  8,266   2,147 
                

Cash and equivalents at beginning of period

  137,731   120,526   145,082   137,731 
                

Cash and equivalents at end of period

 $134,708  $130,085  $153,348  $139,878 
        

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities:

        

Obligations associated with dividend declaration

 $1,331  $1,316 

 

See Accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

 


 

QAD INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

  

1.1.   BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

 

Basis of Presentation

 

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements fairly present the financial information contained therein. These statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In management’smanagement’s opinion, all necessary adjustments, consisting of normal, recurring and non-recurring adjustments, have been included in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements to present fairly the financial position and operating results of QAD Inc. (“QAD” or the “Company”). The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements do not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.2017. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the results of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. The results of operations for the three and six months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ending January 31, 2017.2018.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

With the exception of those discussed below, there have been no recent changes in accounting pronouncements issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or adopted by the Company during the three months ended April 30, 2017, that are of significance, or potential significance, to the Company. 

 

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued accounting standard update, or ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts withCustomers. The standard was issued to provide a single framework that replaces existing industry and transaction specific U.S. GAAP with a five-step analysis of transactions to determine when and how revenue is recognized. The accounting standard update will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606):Deferral of the Effective Date, to defer the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year. Therefore, ASU 2014-09 will become effective for the Company beginning in fiscal year 2019. Early adoption would be permitted for the Company beginning in fiscal year 2018. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative transition method.2019 and we do not plan to early adopt. The Company is currently evaluatingexpects to adopt the accounting, transition and disclosure requirements of the new standard and cannot currently estimate the financial statement impact of adoption.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03 -Interest - Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 2015-03): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs which requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of the related debt liability instead of being presented as an asset, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by ASU 2015-03. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years and is to be implemented retrospectively. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Adoption2019, utilizing the modified retrospective method of transition.

The Company anticipates this ASU did notstandard might have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-15,Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated with Line of Credit Arrangements, given that the authoritative guidance within ASU 2015-03 for debt issuance costs does not address presentation or subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements. The SEC staff would not object to an entity deferring and presenting debt issuance costs as an asset and subsequently amortizing the deferred debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the line-of-credit arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. The Company adopted the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of fiscal 2017. Adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.


In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-17, Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxeswhich requires deferred tax liabilities and assets be presented as noncurrent on the classified statement of financial position. ASU 2015-17 will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning February 1, 2017. The standard permits the use of either prospective or retrospective application to all periods presented. The Company does not expect this adoption to have a significant impact on its consolidated financial statements. The Company has assigned internal resources and has hired third party consultants to assist in the evaluation of that impact. While the assessment of all potential impacts of the standard is on-going, the Company currently believes the most significant impact relates to accounting for software license revenue. The requirement to have VSOE for undelivered elements to enable the separation of revenue for the delivered software licenses is eliminated under the new standard. In addition, removal of current limitations on contingent revenue may result in revenue being recognized earlier for some contracts. The Company expects revenue related to subscription and professional services to remain substantially unchanged and is still in the process of evaluating the impact of the new standard on these arrangements.

 

Due to the complexity of some contracts, the actual revenue recognition treatment required under the new standard for these arrangements may be dependent on contract-specific terms and vary in some instances. The Company is also continuing to evaluate the impact of the standard on recognition of costs related to obtaining customer contracts, primarily with respect to sales commissions. The commission accounting under the new standard is significantly different than the Company's current policy of expensing commissions upfront. The new standard will require the Company to defer direct and incremental commission costs to obtain new subscription and maintenance contracts and amortize those costs over the expected period of benefit. We are still evaluating the period of benefit but expect to be in the range of five to seven years.

While the Company continues to assess the potential impacts and disclosure requirements of the new standard, the Company cannot reasonably estimate quantitative information related to the impact of the new standard on the financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). ASU 2016-02 requires companies to generally recognize on the balance sheet operating and financing lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets. ASU 2016-02 is effective for the Company in its first quarter of fiscal 2020 on a modified retrospective basis and earlier adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the pending adoption of ASU 2016-02 on its consolidated financial statements and currently expects that most of its operating lease commitments will be subject to the new standard and recognized as operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets upon adoption of ASU 2016-02.

 


In MarchOctober 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09,2016-16,Compensation — Stock Compensation: Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment AccountingIncome Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory. which requires that entities recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset, other than inventory, when the transfer occurs. ASU 2016-16 will be effective for the Company's fiscal year beginning February 1, 2018. The standard is intendedrequired to simplify several areasbe applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of accounting for share-based compensation arrangements, including the income tax impact, classification onbeginning of the statementperiod of cash flows and forfeitures. ASU 2016-09 is effective for the Company on January 1, 2017 and theadoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impactaccounting, transition, and disclosure requirements of the standard. 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04,Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill to eliminate Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. In addition, it eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if that fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Therefore, the same impairment assessment applies to all reporting units. The amendments will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning February 1, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The new guidance is required to be applied on a prospective basis. The Company does not believe adoption of ASU 2016-092017-04 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.statements.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01,Business Combinations: Clarifying the Definition of a Business,which provides a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities is a business. The amendments will be effective for the Company’s fiscal year beginning February 1, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The new guidance is required to be applied on a prospective basis. The effect of adoption of ASU 2017-01 will depend upon the nature of the Company's future acquisitions, if any.

2.   COMPUTATION OF NET INCOME (LOSS)LOSS PER SHARE

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss)loss per share:

 

  

Three Months Ended

  

Six Months Ended

 
  

July 31,

  

July 31,

 
  

2016

  

2015

  

2016

  

2015

 
  

(in thousands, except per share data)

  

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Net income (loss)

 $600  $1,631  $(2,142

)

 $2,180 

Less: Dividends declared

  (1,326

)

  (1,310

)

  (2,642

)

  (2,609

)

Undistributed net (loss) income

 $(726

)

 $321  $(4,784

)

 $(429

)

                 

Net income (loss) per share – Class A Common Stock

                

Dividends declared

 $1,134  $1,118  $2,257  $2,225 

Allocation of undistributed net (loss) income

  (621

)

  274   (4,086

)

  (365

)

Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common stock

 $513  $1,392  $(1,829

)

 $1,860 
                 

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—basic

  15,694   15,467   15,644   15,367 

Weighted average potential shares of Class A common stock

  586   794   —   793 

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock and potential common shares outstanding—diluted

  16,280   16,261   15,644   16,160 
                 

Basic net income (loss) per Class A common share

 $0.03  $0.09  $(0.12

)

 $0.12 

Diluted net income (loss) per Class A common share

 $0.03  $0.09  $(0.12

)

 $0.12 
                 

Net income (loss) per share – Class B Common Stock

                

Dividends declared

 $192  $192  $385  $384 

Allocation of undistributed net (loss) income

  (105

)

  47   (698

)

  (64

)

Net income (loss) attributable to Class B common stock

 $87  $239  $(313

)

 $320 
                 

Weighted average shares of Class B common stock outstanding—basic

  3,205   3,201   3,204   3,198 

Weighted average potential shares of Class B common stock

  70   83   —   84 

Weighted average shares of Class B common stock and potential common shares outstanding—diluted

  3,275   3,284   3,204   3,282 
                 

Basic net income (loss) per Class B common share

 $0.03  $0.08  $(0.10

)

 $0.10 

Diluted net income (loss) per Class B common share

 $0.03  $0.07  $(0.10

)

 $0.10 
  

Three Months Ended

April 30,

 
  

2017

  

2016

 
  

(in thousands except per share data)

 

Net loss

 $(2,571

)

 $(2,792

)

Less: Dividends declared

  (1,331

)

  (1,316

)

Undistributed net loss

 $(3,902

)

 $(4,108

)

         

Net loss per share – Class A Common Stock

        

Dividends declared

 $1,138  $1,124 

Allocation of undistributed net loss

  (3,337

)

  (3,508

)

Net loss attributable to Class A common stock

 $(2,199

)

 $(2,384

)

         

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding—basic

  15,809   15,594 

Weighted average potential shares of Class A common stock

  —   — 

Weighted average shares of Class A common stock and potential common shares outstanding—diluted

  15,809   15,594 
         

Basic net loss per Class A common share

 $(0.14

)

 $(0.15

)

Diluted net loss per Class A common share

 $(0.14

)

 $(0.15

)

         

Net loss per share – Class B Common Stock

        

Dividends declared

 $193  $192 

Allocation of undistributed net loss

  (565

)

  (600

)

Net loss attributable to Class B common stock

 $(372

)

 $(408

)

         

Weighted average shares of Class B common stock outstanding—basic

  3,210   3,204 

Weighted average potential shares of Class B common stock

  —   — 

Weighted average shares of Class B common stock and potential common shares outstanding—diluted

  3,210   3,204 
         

Basic net loss per Class B common share

 $(0.12

)

 $(0.13

)

Diluted net loss per Class B common share

 $(0.12

)

 $(0.13

)

 


 

Potential common shares consist of the shares issuable upon the release of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and the exercise of stock options and stock appreciation rights (“SARs”). The Company’sCompany’s unvested RSUs and unexercised SARs are not considered participating securities as they do not have rights to dividends or dividend equivalents prior to release or exercise.

 

The following table sets forth the number of potential common shares not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because their effects were anti-dilutive:

 

 

Three Months Ended

  

Six Months Ended

 
 

July 31,

  

July 31,

  

Three Months Ended

April 30,

 
 

2016

  

2015

  

2016

  

2015

  

2017

  

2016

 
 

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

 

Class A

  1,027   504   745   478   3,036   2,807 

Class B

  151   95   136   78   389   349 

  

3.3.   FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

 

When determining fair value, the Company uses a three-tier value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. Whenever possible, the Company uses observable market data. The Company relies on unobservable inputs only when observable market data is not available. Classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular item to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, including the consideration of inputs specific to the asset or liability.


 

The following table sets forth the financial assets and liabilities, measured at fair value, as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016:2017:

 

  

 

Quoted Prices in

Active Markets for

Identical Assets

(Level 1)

  

Significant

Other

Observable

Inputs

(Level 2)

 

Significant

Unobservable

Inputs

(Level 3)

      

(in thousands)

  

Money market mutual funds as of July 31, 2016(a)

 $111,994      

Money market mutual funds as of January 31, 2016(a)

 $113,984      

Liability related to the interest rate swap as of July 31, 2016(b)

     $(887) 

Liability related to the interest rate swap as of January 31, 2016(b)

     $(675) 
  

Fair value measurement at reporting date using

  

Quoted Prices in

Active Markets for

Identical Assets

(Level 1)

  

Significant

Other

Observable

Inputs

(Level 2)

 

Significant

Unobservable

Inputs

(Level 3)

      

(in thousands)

  

Money market mutual funds as of April 30, 2017 (a)

 $121,699      

Money market mutual funds as of January 31, 2017 (a)

 $116,043      

Liability related to the interest rate swap as of April 30, 2017 (b)

     $(177) 

Liability related to the interest rate swap as of January 31, 2017 (b)

     $(190) 

___________________________

(a) Money market mutual funds are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices.

(b) The liability related to the interest rate swap is recorded at fair value based upon a valuation model that uses relevant observable market inputs at quoted intervals, such as forward yield curves.

 

Money market mutual funds are classified as part of “Cash and equivalents” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of cash and equivalents deposited with commercial banks was $23$31 million and $24$29 million as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016,2017, respectively.


 

The Company’sCompany’s line of credit and notes payable both bear a variable market interest rate commensurate with the Company’s credit standing. Therefore, the carrying amounts outstanding under the line of credit and note payable reasonably approximate fair value based on Level 2 inputs.

 

There have been no transfers between fair value measurements levels during the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017.

 

Derivative Instruments

 

The Company entered into an interest rate swap in May 2012 to mitigate the exposure to the variability of one month LIBOR for its floating rate debt described in Note 6 “Debt” within these Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value of the interest rate swap is reflected as a liability in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the change in fair value is reported in “Other (income) expense” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Loss. The fair value of the interest rate swap is estimated as the net present value of projected cash flows based upon forward interest rates at the balance sheet date.

 

The fair values of the derivative instrument at July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 20162017 were as follows (in thousands):

 

 

(Liability) Derivative

 
   

Fair Value

 
 

Balance Sheet

Location

 

July 31,

2016

  

January 31,

2016

 

Derivative instrument:

         

Interest rate swap

Other liabilities

 $(887

)

 $(675

)

Total

 $(887

)

 $(675

)

  

Liability

 
      

Fair Value

 
  

Balance Sheet

Location

  

April 30, 2017

  

January 31,

2017

 

Derivative instrument:

 

Interest rate swap

 

Other liabilities

  $(177) $(190)

Total

     $(177) $(190)

 

The change in fair value of the interest rate swap recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)Loss for the sixthree months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and April 30, 2016 was $13,000 and 2015 was $(212,000) and $351,000$(31,000), respectively.

  


4. CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE COSTS

 

Capitalized software costs and accumulated amortization at July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 20162017 were as follows:

 

  

July 31,

2016

  

January 31,

2016

 
  

(in thousands)

 

Capitalized software costs:

        

Acquired software technology

 $3,458  $3,458 

Capitalized software development costs

  809   1,029 
Total capitalized software costs  4,267   4,487 

Less accumulated amortization

  (3,140

)

  (2,934

)

Capitalized software costs, net

 $1,127  $1,553 

  

April 30,

2017

  

January 31,

2017

 
  

(in thousands)

 

Capitalized software costs:

        

Acquired software technology

 $3,458  $3,458 

Capitalized software development costs

  732   748 
   4,190   4,206 

Less accumulated amortization

  (3,549

)

  (3,474

)

Capitalized software costs, net

 $641  $732 

 

Acquired software technology costs relate to technology purchased as a result of the Company’sCompany’s fiscal 2013 acquisitions of DynaSys and CEBOS. In addition to the acquired software technology, the Company has capitalized costs related to translations and localizations of QAD Enterprise Applications.

 

It is the Company’sCompany’s policy to write off capitalized software development costs once fully amortized. Accordingly, during the first sixthree months of fiscal 2017,2018, approximately $0.3$0.2 million of costs and accumulated amortization were removed from the balance sheet.

 

Amortization of capitalizedcapitalized software costs was $0.5$0.2 million for each of the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and 2015.2016. Amortization of capitalized software costs is included in “Cost of license fees” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Loss.


 

The following table summarizes the estimated amortization expense relating to the Company’sCompany’s capitalized software costs as of July 31, 2016:April 30, 2017:

 

Fiscal Years

 

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

 

2017 remaining

 $492 

2018

  576 

2019

  52 

2020

  7 
Total $1,127 

2018 remaining

 $443 

2019

  123 

2020

  70 

2021

  5 
 $641 

 

5.5.   GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

 

Goodwill

 

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 were as follows:

 

  

Gross Carrying

Amount

  

Accumulated

Impairment

  

Goodwill, Net

 
  

(in thousands)

 

Balance at January 31, 2016

 $26,253  $(15,608

)

 $10,645 

Impact of foreign currency translation

  35   —   35 

Balance at July 31, 2016

 $26,288  $(15,608

)

 $10,680 

 


  

Gross Carrying

Amount

  

Accumulated

Impairment

  

Goodwill, Net

 
  

(in thousands)

 

Balance at January 31, 2017

 $26,166  $(15,608

)

 $10,558 

Impact of foreign currency translation

 ��88   -   88 

Balance at April 30, 2017

 $26,254  $(15,608

)

 $10,646 

 

The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment review during thethe fourth quarter of fiscal 2016.2017. The analysis compared the Company’s market capitalization to its net assets as of the test date, November 30, 2015.2016. As the market capitalization significantly exceeded the Company’s net assets, there was no indication of goodwill impairment for fiscal 2016.2017. The Company monitors the indicators for goodwill impairment testing between annual tests. No adverse events occurred during the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017 that would cause the Company to test goodwill for impairment.

 

Intangible Assets

 

 

July 31,

2016

  

January 31,

2016

  

April 30,

2017

  

January 31,

2017

 
 

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

 

Amortizable intangible assets

                

Customer relationships (1)

 $2,765  $2,749  $2,742  $2,721 

Trade name

  515   515   515   515 
Total amortizable intangible assets  3,280   3,264 
  3,257   3,236 

Less: accumulated amortization

  (2,532

)

  (2,191

)

  (3,004

)

  (2,821

)

Net amortizable intangible assets

 $748  $1,073  $253  $415 

______________________

(1)

Customer relationships include the impact of foreign currency translation.

 

The Company’sCompany’s intangible assets are related to the DynaSys and CEBOS acquisitions completed in fiscal 2013. Intangible assets are included in “Other assets, net” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, all of the Company’s intangible assets were determined to have finite useful lives, and therefore were subject to amortization.

 

AmortizationAmortization of intangible assets was $0.3$0.2 million for each of the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and 2015. The following table summarizes the estimated2016. Estimated future amortization expense relating to the Company’s intangible assets as of July 31, 2016:April 30, 2017 is $253,000 in fiscal 2018.

Fiscal Years

 

(in thousands)

 

2017 remaining

 $330 

2018

  418 
Total $748 

 

 

6.6.   DEBT

 

 

July 31,

2016

  

January 31,

2016

  

April 30, 2017

  

January 31, 2017

 
 

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

 

Note payable

 $14,470  $14,680  $14,158  $14,269 

Less current maturities

  (433

)

  (422

)

  (450

)

  (446

)

Less loan origination costs, net

  (62

)

  (67

)

  (54

)

  (56

)

Long-term debt

 $13,975  $14,191  $13,654  $13,767 


 

Note Payable

 

Effective May 30, 2012 QAD Ortega Hill, LLC, wholly owned by the Company, entered into a variable rate credit agreement (the “2012 Mortgage”) with Rabobank, N.A., to refinance a pre-existing mortgage. The 2012 Mortgage has an original principal balance of $16.1 million and bears interest at the one month LIBOR rate plus 2.25%. One month LIBOR was 0.48%0.99% at July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. The 2012 Mortgage matures in June 2022 and is secured by the Company’sCompany’s headquarters located in Santa Barbara, California. In conjunction with the 2012 Mortgage, QAD Ortega Hill, LLC entered into an interest rate swap with Rabobank, N.A. The swap agreement has an initial notional amount of $16.1 million and a schedule matching that of the underlying loan that synthetically fixes the interest rate on the debt at 4.31% for the entire term of the 2012 Mortgage. The terms of the 2012 Mortgage provide for QAD Ortega Hill, LLC to make net monthly payments of $88,100 consisting of principal and interest and one final payment of $11.7 million. The unpaid balance as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 was $14.5$14.2 million.

   


Credit Facility

 

The Company has an unsecured credit agreement with Rabobank, N.A. (the “Facility”). The Facility provides a commitment through July 15, 2017 for a $20 million line of credit for working capital or other business needs. The Company pays a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum of the daily average of the unused portion of the $20 million Facility. Borrowings under the Facility bore interest at a rate equal to one month LIBOR plus 0.75%. At July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the effective borrowing rate would have been 1.23%1.74%.

 

The Facility provides that the Company maintain certain financial and operating ratios which include, among other provisions, minimum liquidity on a consolidated basis of $25 million in cash and equivalents at all times, a current ratio (calculated using current liabilities excluding deferred revenue) of not less than 1.3 to 1.0 determined at the end of each fiscal quarter, a leverage ratio of not more than 1.5 to 1.0 determined at the end of each fiscal quarter, and a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.5 to 1.0 determined at the end of each fiscal year. The Facility also contains customary covenants that could restrict the Company’sCompany’s ability to incur additional indebtedness.

 

As of July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, there were no borrowings under the Facility and the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants.

 

7.7.  ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 

The components of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes, were as follows:

 

  

Foreign Currency

Translation

Adjustments

 
  

(in thousands)

 

Balance as of January 31, 2016

 $(8,729

)

Other comprehensive income

  360 

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss

  — 

Net current period other comprehensive income

  360 

Balance as of July 31, 2016

 $(8,369

)

  

Foreign Currency

Translation

Adjustments

 
  

(in thousands)

 

Balance as of January 31, 2017

 $(8,631

)

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications

  640 

Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss

  — 

Net current period other comprehensive income

  640 

Balance as of April 30, 2017

 $(7,991

)

 

During the first sixthree months of fiscal 20172018 there were no reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive loss.

8.  INCOME TAXES

 

The Company’s8.  INCOME TAXES

In determining the quarterly provision for income taxes for the first quarter of fiscal 2018, the Company calculated income tax provision for each of the second quarters of fiscal 2017expense based on actual quarterly results and fiscal 2016 reflects estimates of the effectiverelated income and statutory tax rates, expected to be applicable for the full fiscal years, adjusted for any discrete events which areitems recorded induring the period they occur.period.

 

The Company recorded income tax expense (benefit) expense of $(1.6)$0.6 million and $1.2$(1.1) million for the first sixthree months of fiscal 2018 and 2017, and 2016, respectively. OurThe Company’s effective tax rate increaseddecreased to 43%(32%) from 36%28% for the same period in the prior year. The increase in our annual effective tax rateIn the current fiscal quarter the Company did not benefit from its net operating losses. This is primarily due to a valuation allowance recorded against U.S. deferred tax assets as of January 31, 2017 and foreign losses sustained in a low tax jurisdiction. In determining the impact of fixed withholding tax expense on a substantially lower forecasted bookquarterly provision for income in fiscal 2017.

The Company recorded income tax (benefit) expense of $(0.5) million and $1.0 million intaxes for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2017, and fiscal 2016, respectively. Our effectivethe Company calculated income tax expense based on the estimated annual tax rate decreased to (782)%for the year, adjusted for discrete items recorded during the second quarter of fiscal 2017 compared to 38% for the same period in the prior year. The difference in rates is primarily due to the near breakeven results in the second quarter of fiscal 2017.period.  

  


 

The gross amount of unrecognized tax benefits was $1.5$1.8 million at July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, including interest and penalties. As a result of adoption of ASU 2013-11, the Company reduced its unrecognized tax benefits by $1.0 million with an accompanying reduction of deferred tax assets by $1.0 million. The entire amount of unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, will impact the Company’sCompany’s effective tax rate. This liability is classified as long-term unless the liability is expected to conclude within twelve months of the reporting date. In the next twelve months, due to potential settlements with domestica favorable tax authorities related to tax credits and lapse in statute of limitations,decision an estimated $0.1 million of gross unrecognized tax benefits maywill be recognized.

 

The Company’sCompany’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. As of July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the Company has accrued approximately $0.2$0.3 million of interest and penalty expense relating to unrecognized tax benefits.

 

The Company files U.S. federal, state, and foreign tax returns that are subject to audit by various tax authorities. The Company is currently under audit in:

 

●

●

India for fiscal years ended March 31, 1998, 1999, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2014 and 2014

●

Japan for fiscal years ended January 31, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 through July 31, 2016

●

France for fiscal year ended January 31, 2013

  

●

Iowa for fiscal year ended January 31, 2014

During fiscal year 2017, QAD has settled the following audits:

●

Italy for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2011 and 2012

●

Wisconsin for the fiscal years ended January 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014

  

●

ThailandChina for fiscal year ended January 31,calendar years 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016

 

9.  STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

IssuanceDuring the first quarter of Common Stock

On January 22, 2015,fiscal 2018, the Company closed an offering of 2,000,000 shares of Class A common stock. The net proceeds to the Company from the sale of the stock were $37.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and offering expenses. On February 18, 2015 the offering underwriters exercised in full an option to purchase additional shares. As a result, 450,000 shares of Class A common stock were issued generating approximately $8.4 million in additional net proceeds.following audit with no adjustment:

 


●

India for fiscal years ended March 31,  2015

 

9.  STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends

 

The following table sets forth the dividends that were declared by the Company during the first sixthree months of fiscal 2017:2018:

 

Declaration

Date

Record Date

Payable

 

Dividend

Class A

  

Dividend

Class B

  

Amount

 

6/14/2016

6/28/2016

7/7/2016

 $0.072  $0.06  $1,326,000 

4/12/2016

4/26/2016

5/3/2016

 $0.072  $0.06  $1,316,000 

Declaration

Date

Record Date

Payable

 

Dividend

Class A

  

Dividend

Class B

  

Amount

 

4/11/2017

4/25/2017

5/2/2017

 $0.072  $0.06  $1,331,000 

 

10.10.  STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

 

The Company’sCompany’s equity awards consist of SARsRSUs and RSUs.SARs. For a description of the Company’s stock-based compensation plans, see Note 5 “Stock-Based Compensation” in Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.2017.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The following table sets forth reported stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended July 31, 2016:April 30, 2017:

  

Three Months Ended

April 30,

 
  

2017

  

2016

 
  

(in thousands)

 

Cost of subscription

 $25  $22 

Cost of maintenance and other revenue

  77   67 

Cost of professional services

  220   173 

Sales and marketing

  317   277 

Research and development

  253   236 

General and administrative

  876   833 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 $1,768  $1,608 

 

 

  

Three Months Ended

July 31,

  

Six Months Ended

July 31,

 
  

2016

  

2015

  

2016

  

2015

 
  

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

 

Cost of subscription

 $35  $22  $54  $34 

Cost of maintenance and other revenue

  99   87   160   133 

Cost of professional services

  278   234   433   353 

Sales and marketing

  427   429   688   690 

Research and development

  330   290   557   438 

General and administrative

  1,249   1,369   2,080   2,089 

Total stock-based compensation expense

 $2,418  $2,431  $3,972  $3,737 

SAR Information

The weighted average assumptions used to value SARs granted in the six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015 are shown in the following table:

  

Six Months Ended

July31,

 
  

2016

  

2015

 

Expected life in years(1)

  5.25   5.00 

Risk free interest rate(2)

  1.16

%

  1.64

%

Volatility(3)

  36

%

  41

%

Dividend rate(4)

  1.51

%

  1.10

%

____________________________ 

(1)

The expected life of SARs granted under the stock-based compensation plans is based on historical vested SAR exercise and post-vest forfeiture patterns and includes an estimate of the expected term for SARs that were fully vested and outstanding.

(2)

The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield for a term consistent with the expected life of SARs in effect at the time of grant.

(3)

The Company estimates the volatility of its common stock at the date of grant based on the historical volatility of the Company’s common stock for a period equivalent to the expected life of the SARs, which it believes is representative of the expected volatility over the expected life of the SARs.

(4)

The Company expects to continue paying quarterly dividends at the same rate as the six months ending on July 31, 2016.


The following table summarizes the activity for outstanding SARs for the six months ended July 31, 2016:

  

SARs

(in thousands)

  

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price per

Share

  

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term (years)

  

Aggregate

Intrinsic Value

(in thousands)

 

Outstanding at January 31, 2016

  2,596  $14.74         

Granted

  380   18.64         

Exercised

  (60

)

  10.60         

Expired

  (17

)

  12.58         

Forfeited

  (6

)

  12.16         

Outstanding at July 31, 2016

  2,893  $15.36   4.8  $13,510 

Vested and expected to vest at July 31, 2016(1)

  2,891  $15.36   4.8  $13,495 

Vested and exercisable at July 31, 2016

  1,896  $12.83   3.8  $12,427 

____________________________

(1)

The expected-to-vest SARs are the result of applying the pre-vesting forfeiture rate assumptions to total outstanding SARs.

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between the closing stock price of the Company’s common stock based on the last trading day as of July 31, 2016, and the exercise price for in-the-money SARs) that would have been received by the holders if all SARs had been exercised on July 31, 2016. The total intrinsic value of SARs exercised in the six months ended July 31, 2016 was $0.5 million.

The number of SARs exercised includes shares withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy minimum statutory tax withholding requirements.  During the three months ended July 31, 2016, the Company withheld 5,400 shares for payment of these taxes at a value of $101,000. During the six months ended July 31, 2016, the Company withheld 8,800 shares for payment of these taxes at a value of $170,000.

At July 31, 2016, there was approximately $6.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested SARs. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.8 years.

RSU Information

 

The estimated fair value of RSUs was calculated based on the closing price of the Company’sCompany’s common stock on the date of grant, reduced by the present value of dividends foregone during the vesting period.


 

The following table summarizes the activity for RSUs for the sixthree months ended July 31, 2016:April 30, 2017:

 

  

RSUs

  

Weighted

Average

Grant Date

Fair Value

 
  

(in thousands)

     
         

Restricted stock at January 31, 2016

  617  $20.91 

Granted

  299   18.45 

Released(1)

  (250

)

  18.98 

Forfeited

  (18

)

  21.09 

Restricted stock at July 31, 2016

  648  $20.51 
  

RSUs

  

Weighted

Average

Grant Date

Fair Value

 
  

(in thousands)

     
         

Restricted stock at January 31, 2017

  623  $20.56 

Granted

  24   27.04 

Released (1)

  (5

)

  24.39 

Forfeited

  (4

)

  19.79 

Restricted stock at April 30, 2017

  638  $20.78 

_________________________

(1)

The number of RSUs released includes shares withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy the minimum statutory tax withholding requirements.

 


The Company withholds at the employee’s election, a portion of the released shares as consideration for the Company’s payment of applicable employee income taxes. During the three months ended July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the Company withheld 56,7002,000 shares for payment of these taxes at a value of $1.1 million. During the six months ended July 31, 2016, the Company withheld 72,500 shares for payment of these taxes at a value of $1.4 million.$61,000.

  

Total unrecognized compensation cost related to RSUs was approximately $11.4$9.4 million as of July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 3.02.5 years. 

SAR Information

The following table summarizes the activity for outstanding SARs for the three months ended April 30, 2017:

  

SARs

(in thousands)

  

Weighted

Average

Exercise

Price per

Share

  

Weighted

Average

Remaining

Contractual

Term (years)

  

Aggregate

Intrinsic

Value

(in thousands)

 

Outstanding at January 31, 2017

  2,793  $15.51         

Granted

  —   —         

Exercised

  (17

)

  9.79         

Expired

  —   —         

Forfeited

  —   —         

Outstanding at April 30, 2017

  2,776  $15.54   4.2  $38,958 

Vested and exercisable at April 30, 2017

  1,786  $12.96   3.1  $29,730 

The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value (the aggregate difference between the closing stock price of the Company’s common stock based on the last trading day as of April 30, 2017, and the exercise price for in-the-money SARs) that would have been received by the holders if all SARs had been exercised on April 30, 2017. The total intrinsic value of SARs exercised in the three months ended April 30, 2017 was $0.3 million.

The number of SARs exercised includes shares withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy minimum statutory tax withholding requirements.  During the three months ended April 30, 2017, the Company withheld 4,000 shares for payment of these taxes at a value of $0.1 million.

At April 30, 2017, there was approximately $4.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested SARs. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.3 years.

  


11. DEFERRED REVENUES

 

Deferred revenues consisted of the following:

 

 

July 31,

2016

  

January 31,

2016

  

April 30,

2017

  

January 31,

2017

 
 

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

 

Deferred maintenance revenue

 $64,972  $79,533  $70,665  $78,923 

Deferred subscription revenue

  17,178   14,194   23,352   20,389 

Deferred services revenue

  1,827   2,332   1,686   2,550 

Deferred license revenue

  1,218   1,549   884   1,740 

Deferred other revenue

  73   303   648   523 

Deferred revenues, current

  85,268   97,911   97,235   104,125 

Deferred revenues, non-current (in Other liabilities)

  1,994   1,690   2,569   2,353 

Total deferred revenues

 $87,262  $99,601  $99,804  $106,478 

 

Deferred maintenance and subscription revenues represent billings and customer payments made in advance for support and subscription contracts. Support and subscription are billed in advance with corresponding revenues being recognized ratably over the support and subscription periods. Support is typically billed annually while subscription is typically billed quarterly.quarterly or annually. Deferred license revenues result from undelivered products or specified enhancements, customer specific acceptance provisions and software license transactions that cannot be segmented from undelivered consulting or other services. Deferred services revenues represent both prepayments for our professional services where revenues for these services are generally recognized as the Company completes the performance obligations for the prepaid services;services and services already provided but deferred due to software revenue recognition rules. Deferred license revenues result from undelivered products or specified enhancements, customer specific acceptance provisions and software license transactions that cannot be segmented from undelivered consulting or other services.

 

12.12.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Indemnifications

 

The Company sells software licenses and services to its customers under written agreements. Each agreement contains the relevant terms of the contractual arrangement with the customer and generally includes certain provisions for indemnifying the customer against losses, expenses and liabilities from damages that may be awarded against the customer in the event the Company’sCompany’s software is found to infringe upon certain intellectual property rights of a third party. The agreements generally limit the scope of and remedies for such indemnification obligations in a variety of industry-standard respects.

 

The Company believes its internal development processes and other policies and practices limit its exposure related to the indemnification provisions of the agreements. For several reasons, including the lack of prior indemnification claims and the lack of a monetary liability limit for certain infringement cases under the agreements, the Company cannot determine the maximum amount of potential future payments, if any, related to such indemnification provisions.

 


Legal Actions

 

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims, either asserted or unasserted, which arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these claims cannot be predicted with certainty, management does not believe that the outcome of any of these legal matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’sCompany’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or liquidity.

 

13.13.  BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

 

The Company markets its products and services worldwide, primarily to companies in the manufacturing industry, including automotive, consumer products, food and beverage, high technology, industrial products and life sciences industries. The Company sells and licenses its products through its direct sales force in four geographic regions: North America; Europe, the Middle East and Africa (“EMEA”); Asia Pacific; and Latin America and through distributors where third parties can extend sales reach more effectively or efficiently. The North America region includes the United States and Canada. The EMEA region includes Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The Asia Pacific region includes Asia and Australia. The Latin America region includes South America, Central America and Mexico. The Company’sCompany’s Chief Operating Decision Maker, the Chief Executive Officer, reviews the consolidated results within one operating segment.

 

LicenseSubscription, license and subscriptionmaintenance revenues are assigned to the geographic regions based on the proportion of users in each region. Maintenance revenue is allocated to the region where the end user customer is located. Services revenue is assigned based on the region where the services are performed.

 

 

Three Months Ended

July 31,

  

Six Months Ended

July 31,

 
 

2016

  

2015

  

2016

  

2015

  

Three Months Ended

April 30,

 
 

(in thousands)

  

(in thousands)

  

2017

  

2016

 

Revenue:

                 

(in thousands)

 

North America(1)

 $32,815  $33,529  $62,334  $63,751  $33,370  $29,519 

EMEA

  19,835   21,552   39,627   43,354   20,881   19,792 

Asia Pacific

  12,137   11,597   23,817   23,322   12,166   11,680 

Latin America

  4,991   4,613   9,397   10,129   4,965   4,406 
 $69,778  $71,291  $135,175  $140,556  $71,382  $65,397 

____________________________ 

(1)

Sales into Canada accounted for 1% and 2% of North America total revenue in each of the three and six months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015.respectively.

  


ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

In addition to historical information, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact should be construed as forward looking statements, including statements that are preceded or accompanied by such words as “may,” “believe,” “could,” “anticipate,” “projects,” “estimates,” “will likely result,” “should,” “would,” “might,” “plan,” “expect,” “intend” and words of similar meaning or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Forward-looking statements are based on the Company’sCompany’s current expectations and assumptions regarding its business, the economy and future conditions. A number of risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part I, Item 1A entitled “Risk Factors” within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.2017. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinions, expectations and projections only as of the date hereof and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions about our business. We undertake no obligation to revise or update or publicly release the results of any revision or update to these forward-looking statements except as required by applicable securities laws. Readers should carefully review the risk factors and other information described in other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”).

 

INTRODUCTION

 

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the information included within our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016,2017, and the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared applying certain critical accounting policies. The SEC defines “critical accounting policies” as those that require application of management’smanagement’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments. Critical accounting policies require numerous estimates and strategic or economic assumptions that may prove inaccurate or subject to variations and may significantly affect our reported results and financial position for the period or in future periods. Changes in underlying factors, assumptions, or estimates in any of these areas could have a material impact on our future financial condition and results of operations. Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and they conform to general practices in our industry. We apply critical accounting policies consistently from period to period and intend that any change in methodology occur in an appropriate manner. Accounting policies currently deemed critical, including a) revenue recognition;revenue; b) accounts receivable allowances for bad debt and sales returns;doubtful accounts; c) capitalized software development costs; d) impairment assessments on goodwill and intangible assets;assets — impairment assessments; e) business combinations; f) valuation of deferred tax assets and tax contingency reserves; and g)f) stock-based compensation are further discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016.2017. There have been no significant changes to our accounting policies and estimates as discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2016.2017. 

 


BUSINESS OVERVIEW

 

QAD Inc. (“QAD”, the “Company”, “we” or “us”) is a leading global provider of vertically-oriented, mission-criticalleader in cloud-based enterprise software solutions for global manufacturing companies across the automotive, life sciences, consumer products, food and beverage, high technology and industrial products industries. We offer full-featured, secure and flexible enterprise and supply chain solutions built for global manufacturing companies which can be delivered in the cloud, on premise or via a blended combination of sites on premise and in the cloud. Our mission is to deliverprovide best-in-class software that enables our customers to operate more effectively on a global basis.as effective enterprises with their business processes running at peak efficiency and perfectly aligned to their strategic goals. Our solutions, called QAD Enterprise Applications, enablesenable measurement and control of key business processes and supportssupport operational requirements. We deliver our software solutions to our customers in a format that best meets their current and future needs - either in the cloud, on premise, or blended. Increasingly, our customers are selecting either a cloud-based deployment or a blended deployment, which is a combination of on-premise and cloud-based software, as they expand their businesses globally and as they recognize the benefits of full featured ERP cloud-based software.

 At the core of our solutions is our enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) suite called QAD Enterprise Applications or MFG/PRO. Our ERP suite is also deployed in the cloud as QAD Cloud ERP. QAD Enterprise Applications supports the core business processes of our global manufacturing customers,requirements, including key functions in the following areas: financials, customer management, manufacturing, demand and supply chain planning, customer management, business intelligence, business process management, supply chain execution, transportation management, service and support, enterprise asset management, analytics, enterprise quality management, interoperability, process and performance, and internationalization. We also focus on the foundation and technology of our applications, such as user interface and usability.

 


 

We have four principal sources of revenue:

 

 

·

License purchases of our Enterprise Applications;

·•

Subscription of our Enterprise Applications through our cloud offering in a Software as a Service (“SaaS”) model as well as other hosted Internet applications;

 

·•

License purchases of Enterprise Applications;

•

Maintenance and support, including technical support, training materials, product enhancements and upgrades; and

 

·•

Professional services, including implementations, technical and application consulting, training, migrations and upgrades.

 

We operate primarily in the following four geographic regions: North America, Latin America, EMEA and Asia Pacific. In the first halfthree months of fiscal 2016,2018, approximately 46%47% of our total revenue was generated in North America, 29% in EMEA, 18%17% in Asia Pacific and 7% in Latin America. The majority of our revenue is generated from global customers who have operations in multiple countries throughout the world. LicenseSubscription, license and subscriptionmaintenance revenues are assigned to the geographic regions based on the proportion of users in each region. Maintenance revenue is allocated to the region where the end user is located. Services revenue is assigned based on the region where the services are performed. A significant portion of our revenue and expenses are derived from international operations which are primarily conducted in foreign currencies. As a result, changes in the value of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar have impacted our results of operations and may impact our future results of operations. At July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, we employed approximately 1,710 full time1,775 employees worldwide, of which 630 employees were based in North America, 530560 employees in EMEA, 470490 employees in Asia Pacific and 8095 employees in Latin America.

 

Our customer base and our target markets are primarily global manufacturing companies; therefore, our results are heavily influenced by the state of the manufacturing economy on a global basis. As a result, our management team monitors several economic indicators, with particular attention to the Global and Country Purchasing Managers’Managers’ Indexes (“PMI”). The PMI is a survey conducted on a monthly basis by polling businesses that represent the makeup of respective sectors. Since most of our customers are manufacturers, our revenue has historically correlated with fluctuations in the manufacturing PMI. Global macro economic trends and manufacturing spending are important barometers for our business, and the health of the U.S., Western European and Asian economies have a meaningful impact on our financial results.

 

We are transitioning our business model from a traditional license ownershipperpetual licensing to a cloud based model (Software as a Service) and we have seen an acceleration of customer preference to the cloud. During the second quarter of fiscal 2017 we closed most of our new deals in the cloud in addition to converting several of our existing customers, including the sale of our largest cloud deal to date.-based subscription. Recurring revenue, which we define as subscription revenue plus maintenance revenue, accounted for 67%66% and 68% of total revenue for the first sixthree months of fiscal 2018 and 2017, up from 61% one year ago.respectively. By eliminating higherreducing our customers’ up-front licensing costs and providing more flexibility in how customers gain access to and pay for our products, we expect our cloud business model will be more attractive to our customers and will expand our customer base over time.than perpetual licenses. We anticipate this will increase our long-term revenue growth rate by increasing total subscriptions and customer value over time. As a result of our focus onincreased sales in the cloud, our license revenue has beenis declining as a percentage of total revenue in comparison to prior years, a trend that we believe will continue. We expect this could putThis is putting adverse pressure on short-term profitability as we invest to support growth of our cloud business and our sales and operational expenses are recognized ahead of revenue.

 


 

OVERVIEWRESULTS OF THE FIRST SIX MONTHS OF FISCAL 2017OPERATIONS

 

A significant portion of our business is conducted in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, particularly the euro.  We operate in several geographical regions as described in Note 13 “Business“Business Segment Information” within the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. In order to present our results of operations without the first halfeffects of fiscal 2017, approximately 54% of our total revenue was generated outside of North America and we expect to continue generating a significant portion of our revenue outside the U.S. Weakening of the value of the U.S. dollar compared tochanges in foreign currency exchange rates, generally haswe provide certain financial information on a “constant currency basis”, which is in addition to the effect of increasing our revenues but also increasing our expenses denominatedactual financial information presented in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Similarly, strengthening of the U.S. dollar compared to foreign currency exchange rates generally has the effect of reducing our revenues but also reducing our expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We plan our business accordingly by deploying additional resources to areas of expansion, while continuing to monitor our overall expenditures given the economic uncertainties of our target markets. In order to provide a framework for assessing how our underlying businesses performed excluding the effect of foreign currency fluctuations, we compare the changes in results from one period to another period using constant currency.following tables. In order to calculate our constant currency results, we apply the current foreign currency exchange rates to the prior period results. In the table below, we present the change based on actual results in reported currency and in constant currency.

 

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total

Change as

Reported

 

(in thousands)

                    

Total revenue

 $69,778  $71,291  $(268

)

 $(1,245

)

 $(1,513

)

Cost of revenue

  32,905   32,628   (701

)

  424   (277

)

Gross profit

  36,873   38,663   (969

)

  (821

)

  (1,790

)

Operating expenses

  37,236   36,340   (1,381

)

  485   (896

)

(Loss) income from operations

 $(363

)

 $2,323  $(2,350

)

 $(336

)

 $(2,686

)

Revenue

 

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

SixMonths

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total

Change as

Reported

 

(in thousands)

                    

Total revenue

 $135,175  $140,556  $(2,754

)

 $(2,627

)

 $(5,381

)

Cost of revenue

  65,015   64,726   (1,187

)

  898   (289

)

Gross profit

  70,160   75,830   (3,941

)

  (1,729

)

  (5,670

)

Operating expenses

  73,462   72,747   (1,623

)

  908   (715

)

(Loss) income from operations

 $(3,302

)

 $3,083  $(5,564

)

 $(821

)

 $(6,385

)

  

Three Months Ended

  

Three Months Ended

  

Change in Constant

  

Change due to Currency

  

Total Change as Reported

 

(in thousands)

 

April 30, 2017

  

April 30, 2016

  

Currency

  

Fluctuations

  $  

%

 

Revenue

                        

Subscription fees

 $15,343  $11,492  $3,996  $(145

)

 $3,851   34

%

Percentage of total revenue

  21

%

  18

%

                

License fees

  5,265   3,947   1,411   (93

)

  1,318   33

%

Percentage of total revenue

  7

%

  6

%

                

Maintenance and other

  31,906   32,836   (357

)

  (573

)

  (930

)

  -3

%

Percentage of total revenue

  45

%

  50

%

                

Professional services

  18,868   17,122   2,181   (435

)

  1,746   10

%

Percentage of total revenue

  27

%

  26

%

                

Total revenue

 $71,382  $65,397  $7,231  $(1,246

)

 $5,985   9

%

 

Total revenue for the first six months of fiscal 2017 decreased by 4%, to $135.2 million, when compared to the same period last year. Currency had an adverse impact on total revenue of $2.6 million.Revenue. On a constant currency basis, total revenue decreased by $2.7was $71.4 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2018, representing a $7.2 million, or 2%. The decline11%, increase from $64.2 million for the same period last year. When comparing categories within total revenue at constant rates, our results for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 included an increase in subscription revenue, was driven by lower license fees and professional services revenue partially offset by growtha decrease in subscriptionmaintenance and other revenue. Revenue outside the North America region as a percentage of total revenue from our cloud offering. We expect license revenue to decline as we transition existingwas 53% and new customers to the cloud.

While the impact of currency changes negatively affected our revenue, it also reduced our expenses. Total cost of revenue55% for the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 2018 and 2017, increased by $0.3 million, or 1%, when compared to the same period last year, but onrespectively. On a constant currency basis, total cost of revenue increased across all regions during the first quarter of fiscal 2018 when compared to the prior year. Our products are sold to manufacturing companies that operate mainly in the following six industries: automotive, consumer products, food and beverage, high technology, industrial products and life sciences. Given the similarities between consumer products and food and beverage as well as between high technology and industrial products, we aggregate them for management review. The following table presents revenue by $1.2 million, or 2%. Similarly, operating expensesindustry for the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 2017 increased by $0.72018 and 2017: 

  

Three Months Ended April 30,

  

2017

  

2016

  

Automotive

  37

%

  32

%

 

Consumer products and food and beverage

  16

%

  19

%

 

High technology and industrial products

  32

%

  34

%

 

Life sciences

  15

%

  15

%

 

Total revenue

  100

%

  100

%

 

Subscription Revenue. Subscription revenue consists of recurring fees from customers to access our products via the cloud and other subscription offerings. Subscription revenue is billed on a quarterly or annual basis and recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, typically 12 to 60 months. On a constant currency basis, subscription revenue was $15.3 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2018, representing a $4.0 million, or 1%35%, compared toincrease from $11.3 million for the same period last year, but onyear. On a constant currency basis, operating expensessubscription revenue increased across all regions during the first quarter of fiscal 2018 when compared to the prior year. The increase in subscription revenue was primarily due to sales of QAD Enterprise Applications in the cloud, which represented over 85% of total subscription revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and 2017. Cloud revenue consists of new customer sites; existing Enterprise Applications users converting from on-premise; and additional users and modules purchased by $1.6 million or 2%our existing cloud customers. Approximately half of our cloud revenue comes from existing customers converting Enterprise Applications users to cloud users and the other half comes from new customers and new modules. Our cloud customer retention rate is in excess of 90%. We track our cloud retention rate by calculating the annualized revenue of customer sites with contracts up for renewal during the period compared to the annualized revenue associated with the customer sites that have canceled during the period. The net unfavorable impactpercentage of currency fluctuations onrevenue not canceled is our income from operations was $0.8 millionretention rate.

The following table presents cloud revenue by region for the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 2017.2018 and 2017:

  

Three Months Ended April 30,

 
  

2017

  

2016

 

North America

  55

%

  64

%

Asia Pacific

  15

%

  15

%

EMEA

  21

%

  14

%

Latin America

  9

%

  7

%

Total cloud revenue

  100

%

  100

%


The following table presents cloud revenue by industry for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and 2017:

  

Three Months Ended April 30,

 
  

2017

  

2016

 

Automotive

  36

%

  40

%

Consumer products and food and beverage

  14

%

�� 16

%

High technology and industrial products

  22

%

  19

%

Life sciences

  28

%

  25

%

Total cloud revenue

  100

%

  100

%

We expect the growth rate of subscription revenue in the future to be primarily attributable to growth in sales of our QAD Enterprise Applications in the cloud. Growing our cloud solution and offering our products as SaaS continues to be a key strategic initiative for us. 

 

License Revenue. License revenue is derived from software license fees that customers pay for our core product, QAD Enterprise Applications, and any add-on modules they purchase. On a constant currency basis, license revenue decreased by $4.7 million, or 31%, in the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to the same period last year. During the first six months of fiscal 2017 the number and size of license orders were lower when compared to the same period last year. Our revenue mix has continued to shift significantly from license to subscription revenue as a result of our business model transition. We expect cloud revenue will continue to increase and license revenue to decline.

At times, our license revenue is impacted by deferrals. When we enter into a multi-element transaction with fixed fee services or when we sell licenses for additional users under a pricing model that does not satisfy vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) requirements, we may be required to recognize license revenue ratably over the longer of the maintenance period or expected services implementation timeframe rather than recognizing license revenue at the time of sale. Additionally, if at the time of the license sale we have not finalized the services agreement, we will defer the entire arrangement until the services agreement is signed.


We expect new customers are more likely to subscribe to our products in the cloud rather than purchasing perpetual licenses. As a result, we expect a majority of our license revenue will be generated from existing customers and their affiliates. We believe global economic volatility will continue to shape customers’ buying decisions, making it difficult to forecast sales cycles for our products and the timing of software license sales. In addition, we expect license revenue to decrease as our cloud business continues to grow and existing customers elect to subscribe to QAD products in the cloud in favor of purchasing licenses.

Subscription Revenue. Subscription revenue consists of monthly fees from customers to access our products via the cloud and other subscription offerings. Our cloud offerings typically include access to QAD software, hosting, support and product updates, if and when available. Included in subscription revenue are the fees for transition services such as set up, configuration, database conversion and migration. Sales of QAD Cloud ERP represented over 85% of our total subscription revenue in thefirst six months of fiscal 2017 and 2016. Our cloud revenue represented approximately 15% and 12% of our total revenue in the first six months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. Our cloud customer retention rate is in excess of 90%.We track our retention rate by calculating the annualized revenue of customer sites with contracts expected to be renewed during the period compared to the annualized revenue associated with the customer sites that have canceled during the period. The percentage of revenue not canceled is our retention rate.

On a constant currency basis, subscription revenue increased by $5.7 million, or 31%, in the first six months of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year.Subscription margins were 46%, up 1% from last year. Given the acceleration of our cloud business, we have made additional investments in infrastructure in order to support additional environments for our new customers. The revenue associated with these environments lags behind the cost, and as a result we experience margin pressure during periods of high growth. Subscription margins should improve over time, but these quarterly fluctuations should be expected as we invest to support cloud growth. Growing our cloud solution and offering our products as SaaS continues to be a key strategic initiative for us.

Our cloud customers include a mix of existing customers who have converted from our on-premise model and new customer implementations of our cloud solution. New customers typically generate less revenue up front as compared to customers who are converting to cloud. New customers tend to increase the number of users as their sites go live over time. Existing customers are already using our product at the time of conversion to the cloud; therefore, sites and users generally go live from the conversion date. Subscription revenue is billed on a quarterly or annual basis and recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, typically 12 to 60 months. We expect cloud revenue in fiscal 2017 will continue to grow at a rate of approximately 30%.

Maintenance Revenue. We offer support services 24 hours a day, seven days a week in addition to providing software upgrades, which include additional or improved functionality, when and if available. In the first six months of fiscal 2017, maintenance revenue was relatively unchanged when compared to the same period last year.

Maintenance revenue fluctuations are influenced by: (1) new license revenue growth; (2) annual renewal of support contracts; (3) fluctuations in currency rates; (4) adjustments to revenue as a result of revenue recognition rules; and (5) customer conversions to QAD Cloud ERP. The vast majority of our customers renew their annual support contracts. Over the last three years, our annual retention rate of customers subscribing to maintenance has been greater than 90%. Maintenance revenue is generally billed on an annual basis and recognized ratably over the term of the agreement, typically twelve months. As we convert more of our existing customers to the cloud we may experience a corresponding negative effect on maintenance revenue. When customers convert to QAD Cloud ERP they no longer pay separately for maintenance as those support services are included as a component of the subscription offering.

Professional Services Revenue. Our professional services business includes technical and application consulting, training, implementations, migrations and upgrades related to our solutions. On a constant currency basis professional services revenue decreased by $3.8 million, or 10%, in the first six months of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year. Professional services projects are discretionary in nature and are affected by general economic conditions in the manufacturing industry and our customers' businesses. In the first half of fiscal 2017 several large engagements were delayed, resulting in lower utilization. We have begun several important engagements and expect services revenues and margins to improve to levels consistent with fiscal 2016 over time. We will continue to monitor the impact of the global economic environment on our services business and will adjust the level of our services resources and related expenses if necessary. We manage our partners and subcontractors to supplement our internal resources, which provides us with the flexibility to contend with these fluctuations in demand and helps us mitigate low utilization rates in slow times.

Our professional services organization provides our customers with expertise and assistance in planning and implementing our solutions whether in the cloud or on-premise. Consultants typically assist customers with the initial installation of a system, the conversion and transfer of the customer’s historical data into our software, and ongoing training, education, and system upgrades. We believe our professional services help customers implement our software more efficiently, support a customer’s success with our solution, strengthen our customer relationships, and add to our industry-specific knowledge base for use in future implementations and product innovations. Our professional services margins tend to range from about breakeven to 10%. We believe we offer competitive rates and view our professional services organization as a department supporting the implementation and deployment of our products and improving the overall customer experience. Professional services margins lower our overall operating margin as professional services margins are inherently lower than margins for our license, maintenance and subscription revenues. Professional services revenue may be impacted by currency fluctuations; however, since we generally use local resources our costs are also impacted by similar currency fluctuations, providing a natural hedge. As a result, our margins have not been significantly impacted by currency fluctuations.


Although our professional services are optional, many of our customers use these services for some of their planning, implementation, or related needs. Professional services are typically rendered under time and materials-based contracts with services typically billed on an hourly basis. Professional services are sometimes rendered under fixed-fee based contracts with payments due on specific dates or milestones.

Professional services revenue growth is contingent upon license and subscription revenue growth and customer upgrade cycles, which are influenced by the strength of general economic and business conditions and the competitive position of our software products. Our professional services business has competitive exposure to offshore providers which could create the risk of pricing pressure, fewer customer orders and reduced gross margins.

Cash Flow and Financial Condition. In the first six months of fiscal 2017, we generated cash flow from operating activities of $1.8 million. Our cash and equivalents at July 31, 2016 totaled $134.7 million, with the only debt on our balance sheet of $14.5 million related to the mortgage of our headquarters. Our primary uses of cash have been funding investment in research and development and funding operations to drive revenue and earnings growth. In addition, we use cash for acquisitions, dividend payments, share repurchase programs and other equity-related transactions.

In fiscal 2017, we anticipate that our priorities for use of cash will be developing sales and services resources, continued investment in the growth of our cloud business and research and development to drive and support long-term strategies. We will continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities that are complementary to our product footprint, solutions delivery and technology direction. We will also continue to assess share repurchases and dividend payments. We do not anticipate additional borrowing requirements in fiscal 2017.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Revenue

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

 

(in thousands)

                        

Revenue

                        

License fees

 $6,416  $8,560  $(2,001

)

 $(143

)

 $(2,144

)

  -25

%

Percentage of total revenue

  9

%

  12

%

                

Subscription fees

  12,317   9,145   3,363   (191

)

  3,172   35

%

Percentage of total revenue

  18

%

  13

%

                

Maintenance and other

  33,266   33,833   9   (576

)

  (567

)

  -2

%

Percentage of total revenue

  48

%

  47

%

                

Professional services

  17,779   19,753   (1,639

)

  (335

)

  (1,974

)

  -10

%

Percentage of total revenue

  25

%

  28

%

                

Total revenue

 $69,778  $71,291  $(268

)

 $(1,245

)

 $(1,513

)

  -2

%

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

 

(in thousands)

                        

Revenue

                        

License fees

 $10,363  $15,411  $(4,702

)

 $(346

)

 $(5,048

)

  -33

%

Percentage of total revenue

  7

%

  11

%

                

Subscription fees

  23,809   18,564   5,726   (481

)

  5,245   28

%

Percentage of total revenue

  18

%

  13

%

                

Maintenance and other

  66,102   67,216   (14

)

  (1,100

)

  (1,114

)

  -2

%

Percentage of total revenue

  49

%

  48

%

                

Professional services

  34,901   39,365   (3,764

)

  (700

)

  (4,464

)

  -11

%

Percentage of total revenue

  26

%

  28

%

                

Total revenue

 $135,175  $140,556  $(2,754

)

 $(2,627

)

 $(5,381

)

  -4

%


Total Revenue.On a constant currency basis, total revenue was $69.8$5.3 million for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018, representing a $0.2$1.4 million, decreaseor 36%, increase from $70.0$3.9 million for the same period last fiscal year. When comparing categories within total revenue at constant rates, our results for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 included decreases in our license and professional services categories while maintenance and other was flat and subscription increased. Revenue outside the North America region as a percentage of total revenue was 53% for the second quarter of both fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016. On a constant currency basis, total revenue decreased in our North America and EMEA regions and increased in our Asia Pacific and Latin America regions during the second quarter of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year.

On a constant currency basis, total revenue was $135.2 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing a $2.7 million, or 2%, decrease from $137.9 million for the same period last fiscal year. When comparing categories within total revenue at constant rates, our results for the first six months of fiscal 2017 included decreases in our license and professional services categories while maintenance and other was flat and subscription increased. Revenue outside the North America region as a percentage of total revenue was 54% and 55% for the first six months of fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016, respectively. On a constant currency basis, total revenue decreased in our North America and EMEA regions and increased in our Asia Pacific and Latin America regions during the first six months of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year.  

Our products are sold to manufacturing companies that operate mainly in the following six industries: automotive, consumer products, food and beverage, high technology, industrial products and life sciences. Given the similarities between food and beverage and consumer products as well as between high technology and industrial products, we aggregate them for management review. The following table presents revenue by industry for fiscal 2017 and 2016:

  

Three months ended

July 31,

  

Six months ended

July 31,

 
  2016  2015  2016    

Automotive

  35

%

  33

%

  33

%

  31

%

Consumer products and food and beverage

  18

%

  20

%

  19

%

  21

%

High technology and industrial products

  33

%

  34

%

  33

%

  33

%

Life sciences

  14

%

  13

%

  15

%

  15

%

Total revenue

  100

%

  100

%

  100

%

  100

%

License Revenue. On a constant currency basis, license revenue was $6.4 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 representing a $2.0 million, or 24%, decrease from $8.4 million for the same period last fiscal year. License revenue decreasedincreased in our North America, EMEA and Asia PacificLatin America regions and increasedwas flat in our Latin AmericaAsia Pacific region during the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018 when compared to the same period last year. One of the metrics that management uses to measure license revenue performance is the number of customers that have placed sizable license orders in the period. During the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2017,2018, one customer placed a license order totaling $1.9 million and no other customers placed orders in excess of $0.3 million. This compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2016 in which eight customers placed license orders totaling more than $0.3 million and no orders exceeded $1.0 million. As we transition to selling our products in the cloud, we expect to see license revenue decrease and cloud revenue increase.

On a constant currency basis, license revenue was $10.4 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing a $4.7 million, or 31%, decrease from $15.1 million for the same period last fiscal year. License revenue decreased in our North America, EMEA and Asia Pacific regions and increased in our Latin America region during the first six months of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year. During the first six months of fiscal 2017, one customer placed a license order totaling $1.9 million and no other customers placed orders in excess of $0.3 million. This compared to the first six months of fiscal 20162017 in which thirteenno customers placed license orders totaling more than $0.3 million and no orders exceeded $1.0 million.


Subscription Revenue. On a constant currency basis, subscription revenue was $12.3 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 representing a $3.3 million, or 37%, increase from $9.0 million for the same period last fiscal year. The increase in subscription revenue was primarily due to salesmajority of our QAD Cloud ERP product offering which represented over 85% of total subscriptionlicense revenue in the second quarter of both fiscal 2017 and 2016. QAD Cloud ERP revenue consists of new customers, QAD customers convertinghas come from on-premise and additional users and modules purchased bymodule purchases from our existing customers. We anticipate that license revenue will decrease as more new customers subscribe to our cloud-based products and more existing customers elect to subscribe to QAD products in the cloud customers. On a constant currency basis, subscription revenue increased in all our regions during the second quarterinstead of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year.purchasing licenses.

 

On a constant currency basis, subscription revenue was $23.8 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing a $5.7 million, or 31%, increase from $18.1 million for the same period last fiscal year. The increase in subscription revenue was primarily due to sales of our QAD Cloud ERP product offering which represented over 85% of total subscription revenue in the first six months of fiscal 2017 and 2016. On a constant currency basis, subscription revenue increased in all regions during the first six months of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year.

The following table presents cloud revenue by region for fiscal 2017 and 2016: 

  

Three months ended

July 31,

  

Six months ended

July 31,

 
  2016  2015  2016  2015 

North America

  60%  63%  62%  60%

Asia Pacific

  16%  16%  15%  15%

EMEA

  15%  14%  15%  13%

Latin America

  9%  7%  8%  12%

Total cloud revenue

  100%  100%  100%  100%

The following table presents cloud revenue by industry for fiscal 2017 and 2016:

  

Three months ended

July 31,

  

Six months ended

July 31,

 
  2016  2015  2016  2015 

Automotive

  39

%

  42

%

  39

%

  45

%

Consumer products and food and beverage

  16

%

  17

%

  16

%

  16

%

High technology and industrial products

  18

%

  13

%

  18

%

  14

%

Life sciences

  27

%

  28

%

  27

%

  25

%

Total cloud revenue

  100

%

  100

%

  100

%

  100

%

We expect the growth rate of subscription revenue in the future to be primarily attributable to growth in sales of our QAD Cloud ERP product offering.

Maintenance and Other Revenue.On. We offer support services 24 hours a constant currency basis, maintenanceday, seven days a week in addition to providing software upgrades, which include additional or improved functionality, when and other revenue was $33.3 million for the second quarter of both fiscal 2017 and 2016. Maintenance and other revenue decreased in our North America region and increased in our EMEA, Latin America and Asia Pacific regions during the second quarter of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year. Sales of maintenance in connection with sales of new licenses and price increases offset the decrease in maintenance and other revenue attributable to the impact of customers converting to QAD Cloud ERP and customer cancellations. When customers convert to QAD Cloud ERP they no longer pay for maintenance as those services are included as a component of the subscription offering.

if available. On a constant currency basis, maintenance and other revenue was $66.1$31.9 million for the first six monthsquarter of both fiscal 2017 and 2016.2018, representing a $0.4 million, or 1%, decrease from $32.3 million for the same period last year. On a constant currency basis, maintenance and other revenue decreased in our Asia Pacific region, remained relatively flat in our North America regionand EMEA regions and increased in our EMEA, Latin America and Asia Pacific regionsregion during the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20172018 when compared to the same period lastprior year. We expectAs our customers continue to embrace our cloud offerings we believe our maintenance revenue will decrease in the future as ouris likely to decline. When customers convert to the cloud.cloud, they generally cease using their perpetual licenses and therefore no longer require (or pay for) maintenance for those perpetual licenses. We continue to see renewal rates consistent with our historical experience, however, conversions from on-premise to cloud will result in future decreases in maintenance revenue.

 


The majority of our customers renew their annual support contracts. Over the last three years, our annual retention rate of customers subscribing to maintenance has been greater than 90%. We track our maintenance retention rate by calculating the annualized revenue of customer sites with contracts up for renewal during the period compared to the annualized revenue associated with the customer sites that have canceled during the period. The percentage of revenue not canceled is our retention rate. Conversions to the cloud are not considered cancellations for purposes of the maintenance retention rate calculation.

 

Professional Services Revenue. Our professional services business includes technical and application consulting and training, implementations, migrations and upgrades related to our solutions. On a constant currency basis, professional services revenue was $17.8$18.9 million for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018, representing a $1.6$2.2 million, or 8%13%, decreaseincrease from $19.4$16.7 million for the same period last fiscal year. Professional services revenue decreased in our North America, EMEA and Latin America regions and increased in our Asia Pacific region during the second quarter of fiscal 2017 when compared to the same period last year. The decrease in professional services revenue can be attributed to fewer engagements and a lower amount of professional services revenue per customer. A significant portion of our professional services revenue is generated from discretionary upgrade projects for existing customers. These projects are affected by general economic conditions in the manufacturing industry and our customers' businesses. As a result, global economic uncertainty can cause on-going projects to slow down, resulting in reduced monthly spend for our customers, while new projects can get delayed until conditions start to improve.

On a constant currency basis, professional services revenue was $34.9 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing a $3.8 million, or 10%, decrease from $38.7 million for the same period last fiscal year. Professional services revenue decreasedincreased in our North America, EMEAAsia Pacific and Latin America regions and increaseddecreased in our Asia PacificEMEA region during the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20172018 when compared to the same period lastprior year. The decreaseincrease in professional services revenue period over period can be attributed to fewer engagements and a lowerhigher amount of professional services revenue per customer.

Cost of Revenue In order to support the increase in professional services revenue, we are adding capacity through additional employees and partners in fiscal 2018. 

 

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

 

(in thousands)

                        

Cost of revenue

                        

Cost of license fees

 $765  $972  $203  $4  $207   21

%

Cost of subscription

  6,748   5,162   (1,610

)

  24   (1,586

)

  -31

%

Cost of maintenance and other

  7,769   7,907   42   96   138   2

%

Cost of professional services

  17,623   18,587   664   300   964   5

%

Total cost of revenue

 $32,905  $32,628  $(701

)

 $424  $(277

)

  -1

%

Percentage of revenue

  47

%

  46

%

                


 

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

 

(in thousands)

                        

Cost of revenue

                        

Cost of license fees

 $1,490  $1,901  $399  $12  $411   22

%

Cost of subscription

  12,945   10,226   (2,806

)

  87   (2,719

)

  -27

%

Cost of maintenance and other

  15,532   15,684   (61

)

  213   152   1

%

Cost of professional services

  35,048   36,915   1,281   586   1,867   5

%

Total cost of revenue

 $65,015  $64,726  $(1,187

)

 $898  $(289

)

  0

%

Percentage of revenue

  48

%

  46

%

                

Total Cost of Revenue

  

Three Months Ended

  

Three Months Ended

  

Change in Constant

  

Change due to Currency

  

Total Change as Reported

 

(in thousands)

 

April 30, 2017

  

April 30, 2016

  

Currency

  

Fluctuations

  $  

%

 

Cost of revenue

                        

Cost of subscription

 $7,720  $6,200  $(1,542

)

 $22  $(1,520

)

  -25

%

Cost of license fees

  685   725   40   --   40   6

%

Cost of maintenance and other

  7,694   7,769   48   27   75   1

%

Cost of professional services

  18,767   17,444   (1,654

)

  331   (1,323

)

  -8

%

Total cost of revenue

 $34,866  $32,138  $(3,108

)

 $380  $(2,728

)

  -8

%

Percentage of revenue

  49

%

  49

%

                

 

Total cost of revenue consists of cost of subscription, cost of license fees, cost of maintenance and other and cost of professional services. Cost of subscription includes salaries, benefits, bonuses of our cloud operations group located in the U.S. and India; stock-based compensation for those employees; third-party contractor expense; hosting and hardware costs; royalties; professional fees; travel; and an allocation of information technology and facilities costs. Cost of license fees includes license royalties, amortization of capitalized software costs and fulfillment. Cost of subscription includes salaries, benefits and bonuses of our cloud operations group, located in the United States and India; stock-based compensation for those employees; hardware and hosting costs; royalties; professional fees; travel expense; and an allocation of information technology and facilities costs. Cost of maintenance and other includes salaries, benefits and bonuses of our support group, located around the world; stock-based compensation for those employees;employees, travel expense;expense, professional fees; fulfillment;fees, fulfillment and an allocation of information technology and facilities costs. Cost of professional services includes salaries, benefits and bonuses, costs of employees fulfilling service contracts;contracts, stock-based compensation for those employees;employees, third-party contractor expense;expense, travel expense for services employees;employees and an allocation of information technology and facilities costs.

 

Total Cost of Revenue. On a constant currency basis, total cost of revenue (combined cost of license fees, cost of subscription, cost of maintenance and other and cost of professional services) was $32.9$34.9 million and $32.2$31.8 million for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively, and as a percentage of total revenue was 47%49% and 46%50% for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. The non-currency related increase in cost of revenue of $0.7$3.1 million, or 2%10%, in the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2018 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2017 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2016 was primarily due to higher hosting and personnel costs associated with the growth of our cloud business and higher professional feesservices personnel costs associated with higher subscriptionincreased services revenue.

 

On a constant currency basis, total cost of revenue (combined cost of license fees, cost of maintenance, subscription and other and cost of professional services) was $65.0 million and $63.8 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively, and as a percentage of total revenue was 48% and 46% for the first six months of fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively. The non-currency related increase in cost of revenue of $1.2 million, or 2%, for the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2016 was primarily due to higher hosting costs and higher professional fees associated with higher subscription revenue.


 

Cost of License Fees.  On a constant currency basis, cost of license fees was $0.8 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 representing a decrease of $0.2 million, or 20%, from $1.0 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related decrease in cost of license fees of $0.2 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2016 was primarily due to lower royalties as a result of lower license revenue. Cost of license fees as a percentage of license revenue was 12% and 11% for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively.

On a constant currency basis, cost of license fees was $1.5 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing a decrease of $0.4 million, or 21%, from $1.9 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related decrease in cost of license fees of $0.4 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2016 was primarily due to lower royalties as a result of lower license revenue.  Cost of license fees as a percentage of license revenue was 14% and 12% for the first six months of fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016, respectively. The higher cost of license revenue percentage in the first six months of fiscal 2017 was due to higher fixed amortization of capitalized software costs as a percentage of license revenue.

Cost of Subscription. On a constant currency basis, cost of subscription was $6.7$7.7 million for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018, representing an increase of $1.6a $1.5 million, or 31%24%, increase from $5.1$6.2 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related increase in cost of subscription of $1.6$1.5 million in the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018 compared to the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20162017 was primarily due to higher hosting costs of $0.7$0.9 million, higher professional feessalaries and related costs of $0.3$0.4 million as a result of higher headcount of approximately 34 people and higher personnelthird-party contractor costs of $0.2 million. In addition, the increase in cost of subscription included $0.3 million of personnel costs from other departments to help support the growth in our cloud business. Cost of subscription as a percentage of subscription revenue was 55%50% and 56% for54% in the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. We planexpect to continue to improve our subscription margins over time, but we also anticipate fluctuations in our subscription margins as we make investments to support future growth.

 


Cost of License Fees.On a constant currency basis, cost of subscriptionlicense fees was $12.9$0.7 million for the first six monthsquarter of both fiscal 2017 representing an increase of $2.8 million, or 28%, from $10.1 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related increase in cost of subscription of $2.8 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2016 was primarily due to higher hosting costs of $1.4 million, higher professional fees of $0.4 million2018 and higher personnel costs of $0.3 million, as a result of higher headcount of approximately 9 people. In addition, the increase in cost of subscription included $0.5 million of personnel costs from other departments to help support the growth in our cloud business.2017. Cost of subscriptionlicense fees as a percentage of subscriptionlicense revenue was 54%13% and 55%18% for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. The higher cost of license revenue percentage in the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016, respectively.was due to fixed amortization of capitalized software costs as a percentage of license revenue.

 

Cost of Maintenance and Other. On a constant currency basis, cost of maintenance and other was $7.8$7.7 million infor the secondfirst quarter of both fiscal 20172018 and 2016.2017. Cost of maintenance and other as a percentage of maintenance and other revenue was 23% for24% in the secondfirst quarter of both fiscal 20172018 and 2016.2017.

 

On a constant currency basis, cost of maintenance and other was $15.5 million for the first six months of both fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016. Cost of maintenance and other as a percentage of maintenance and other revenues was 23% for the first six months of both fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016.

Cost of Professional Services. On a constant currency basis, cost of professional services was $17.6$18.8 million for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018, representing a decrease of $0.7$1.7 million, or 4%10%, increase from $18.3$17.1 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related decreaseincrease in cost of professional services of $0.7$1.7 million in the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2018 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2017 comparedwas primarily due to the second quarter of fiscal 2016 was due primarily to cost relief from personnel who worked on projects in other departments of $0.6 million, lower subcontractorhigher salaries and related costs of $0.3 million and lower travel expense of $0.3 million partially offset by higher personnel costs of $0.4$0.7 million, as a result of higher headcount of approximately 21 people.32 people, higher bonuses of $0.6 million and higher third-party contractor costs of $0.2 million. Cost of professional services as a percentage of professional services revenuerevenues was 99% and 94%102% for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. Our investment in additional resources will impact our professional services margins in fiscal 2018, and 2016, respectively.this is necessary to ensure we can fully support our customers as they expand their footprint in the cloud.

 

On a constant currency basis, cost of professional services was $35.0 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing a decrease of $1.3 million, or 4%, from $36.3 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related decrease in cost of professional services of $1.3 million in the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2016 was due primarily to cost relief from personnel who worked on projects in other departments of $0.9 million, lower travel expense of $0.5 million and lower subcontractor costs of $0.4 million partially offset by higher personnel costs of $0.5 million, as a result of higher headcount of approximately 21 people. Cost of professional services as a percentage of professional services revenue was 100% and 94% for the first six months of fiscal 2017 and 2016, respectively. While we expect lower professional services profitability to continue in the near term, we expect utilization will increase to historical levels over time.

Sales and Marketing

 

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

 

(in thousands)

                        

Sales and marketing

 $17,400  $16,982  $(614

)

 $196  $(418

)

  -2

%

Percentage of revenue

  25

%

  24

%

                

 

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

  

Three Months Ended

  

Three Months Ended

  

Change in Constant

  

Change due to Currency

  

Total Change as Reported

 

(in thousands)

                         

April 30, 2017

  

April 30, 2016

  

Currency

  

Fluctuations

  $  

%

 

Sales and marketing

 $34,322  $34,127  $(600

)

 $405  $(195

)

  -1

%

 $17,587  $16,938  $(980

)

 $331  $(649

)

  -4

%

Percentage of revenue

  25

%

  25

%

                  25

%

  26

%

                

 

Sales and marketing expense includes salaries, benefits, commissions, bonuses, stock-based compensation and travel expense for our sales and marketing employees in addition to costs of programs aimed at increasing revenue, such as trade shows, user group events, advertising and various sales and promotional programs. Sales and marketing expense also includes personnel costs of order processing, sales agent fees and an allocation of information technology and facilities costs.


On a constant currency basis, sales We pay and marketing expense was $17.4 millioncommissions for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 representing an increase of $0.6 million, or 4%, from $16.8 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related increase in sales and marketing expense of $0.6 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2017 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2016 primarily consisted of higher marketing costs of $0.3 million related to a one-time marketing payment to a distributor, higher commissions of $0.2 million related primarily to the higher volume of cloud deals and higher personnel costs of $0.2 million which were partially offset by lower travel expense of $0.3 million.at the time the contract is signed, whereas the related revenue is recognized in future periods. 

 

On a constant currency basis, sales and marketing expense was $34.3$17.6 million for the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20172018, representing ana $1.0 million, or 6%, increase of $0.6 million, or 2%, from $33.7$16.6 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related increase in sales and marketing expense of $0.6$1.0 million in the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20172018 compared to the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20162017 was primarily consisted ofdue to higher personnel costscommissions of $0.6 million as a result of higher headcount of approximately ten people and higher marketing expensebonuses of $0.5 million related to a one-time marketing payment to a distributor. These higher expenses were partially offset by lower travel expense of $0.3 million and lower bonuses of $0.2 million.

 

Research and Development

 

 

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

  

Three Months Ended

  

Three Months Ended

  

Change in Constant

  

Change due to Currency

  

Total Change as Reported

 

(in thousands)

                         

April 30, 2017

  

April 30, 2016

  

Currency

  

Fluctuations

  $  

%

 

Research and development

 $11,149  $10,590  $(687

)

 $128  $(559

)

  -5

%

 $11,532  $11,143  $(522

)

 $133  $(389

)

  -4

%

Percentage of revenue

  16

%

  15

%

                  16

%

  17

%

                

 

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

 

(in thousands)

                        

Research and development

 $22,283  $21,247  $(1,274

)

 $238  $(1,036

)

  -5

%

Percentage of revenue

  17

%

  15

%

                

 

Research and development is expensed as incurred and consists primarily of salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation, training and travel expense for research and development employees and professional services, such as fees paid to software development firms and independent contractors. Research and development expense also includes an allocation of information technology and facilities costs, and is reduced by reimbursements from joint development projects. As part of our vertical focus we regularly seek to engage in joint development arrangements with our customers in order to enhance specific functionality and industry experience, although the number and size of joint development arrangements may fluctuate.

 

On a constant currency basis, research and development expense was $11.1$11.5 million for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018, representing an increase of $0.6a $0.5 million, or 6%5%, increase from $10.5$11.0 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related increase in research and development expense of $0.6$0.5 million in the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2018 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2017 comparedwas primarily due to the second quarter of fiscal 2016 consisted of higher personnelsalaries and related costs of $0.4 million, as a result of higher headcount of approximately 1920 people, and higher third party developers feesbonuses of $0.2 million related to product enhancements.$0.3 million. 

 

On a constant currency basis, research and development expense was $22.3 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing an increase of $1.3 million, or 6%, from $21.0 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related increase in research and development expense of $1.3 million in the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2016 consisted of higher personnel costs of $0.7 million as a result of higher headcount of approximately 19 people, higher third party developers fees of $0.2 million related to product enhancements and higher information technology and facilities allocated costs of $0.2 million.


General and Administrative

 

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Three Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

 

(in thousands)

                        

General and administrative

 $8,521  $8,602  $(80

)

 $161  $81   1

%

Percentage of revenue

  13

%

  12

%

                

 

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

Change in

Constant

Currency

  

Change due

to Currency

Fluctuations

  

Total Change

as Reported

$

  

%

  

Three Months Ended

  

Three Months Ended

  

Change in Constant

  

Change due to Currency

  

Total Change as Reported

 

(in thousands)

                         

April 30, 2017

  

April 30, 2016

  

Currency

  

Fluctuations

  $  

%

 

General and administrative

 $16,526  $17,043  $251  $266  $517   3

%

 $8,593  $8,006  $(710

)

 $123  $(587

)

  -7

%

Percentage of revenue

  12

%

  12

%

                  12

%

  12

%

                

 

General and administrative expense includes salaries, benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation and travel expense for our finance, human resources, legal and executive personnel, as well as professional fees for accounting and legal services, bad debt expense and an allocation of information technology and facilities costs.

 

On a constant currency basis, general and administrative expense was $8.5$8.6 million for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 20172018, representing an increase of $0.1a $0.7 million, or 1%9%, increase from $8.4$7.9 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related increase in general and administrative expense of $0.1$0.7 million in the second quarter offiscal 2018 compared to fiscal 2017 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2016 was primarily due to higher professional fees of $0.2 million and higher bad debt of $0.1 million which were partially offset by lower bonuses of $0.1 million and lower stock compensation of $0.1 million.

On a constant currency basis, general and administrative expense was $16.5 million for the first six months of fiscal 2017 representing a decrease of $0.3 million, or 2%, from $16.8 million for the same period last fiscal year. The non-currency related decrease in general and administrative expense of $0.3 million in the first six months of fiscal 2017 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2016 was primarily due to lower bonuses of $0.4 million which were partially offset byand higher professional fees of $0.2 million.

 

Amortization of Intangibles from Acquisitions

 

Amortization of intangibles from acquisitions was $0.2 million infor the secondfirst quarter of both fiscal 2018 and 2017, and 2016, and $0.3 million for the first six months of both fiscal 2017 and 2016. Amortization expense for all periodswhich was due to the intangible assets acquired in our fiscal 2013 acquisitions of DynaSys and CEBOS.

 

Total Other (Income) Expense (Income)

 

  

Three Months

Ended

  

Increase (Decrease)

Compared

to Prior Period

  

Three Months

Ended

 
  

July 31, 2016

  $  

%

  

July 31, 2015

 

(in thousands)

                

Other (income) expense

                

Interest income

 $(159

)

 $(72

)

  -83% $(87

)

Interest expense

  161   (29

)

  -15%  190 

Other expense, net

  (433

)

  (20

)

  -5%  (413

)

Total other (income) expense, net

 $(431

)

 $(121

)

  -39% $(310

)

Percentage of revenue

  -1

%

          -1

%

 

Six Months

Ended

  

Increase (Decrease)

Compared

to Prior Period

  

Six Months

Ended

 
 

July 31, 2016

  $  

%

  

July 31, 2015

  

Three Months Ended

  

Increase

(Decrease)

Compared to

Prior Period

  

Three Months Ended

 

(in thousands)

                 

April 30, 2017

  $  

%

  

April 30, 2016

 

Other (income) expense

                                

Interest income

 $(331

)

 $(187

)

  -130% $(144

)

 $(168

)

 $4

 

  2

%

 $(172

)

Interest expense

  335   (38

)

  -10%  373   156   (18)  -10

%

  174 

Other expense, net

  437   969   182%  (532

)

  604   (266)  -31

%

  870 

Total other (income) expense, net

 $441  $744   246% $(303

)

Total other expense, net

 $592  $(280)  -32

%

 $872 

Percentage of revenue

  1

%

          0

%

  1

%

          2

%

 


 

Net other incomeexpense was $0.4$0.6 million and $0.3 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2017 and fiscal 2016, respectively. The increase in net other income was primarily related to higher foreign exchange gains of $0.2 million.

Net other (income) expense was $0.4 million and $(0.3)$0.9 million for the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20172018 and fiscal 2016,2017, respectively. The changedecrease in net other (income) expense was primarily related to the unfavorable change in the fair market value of the interest rate swap associated with the mortgage on our headquarters of $0.6 million and higherlower foreign exchange losses of $0.4 million. These unfavorable changes were partially offset by an increase in interest income of $0.2 million.

 

Interest rate swap valuations and foreign exchange gains and losses are subject to changes which are inherently unpredictable. Our interest rate swap is accounted for using mark-to-market accounting. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of the swap each reporting period are adjusted through earnings, subjecting us to non-cash volatility in our results of operations. The swap fixes the interest rate on our mortgage to 4.31% over the entire term of the mortgage and effectively lowered our interest rate from the previous mortgage rate of 6.5%. Although the agreement allows us to prepay the loan and exit the agreement early, we have no intention of doing so. As a result, we will have non-cash adjustments through earnings each reporting period. Over the term of the mortgage, however, the net impact of these mark-to-market adjustments on earnings will be zero.

 

Income Tax (Benefit) Expense

 

     

Increase (Decrease)

          

Increase (Decrease)

     
 

Three Months Ended

  

Compared

to Prior Period

  

Three Months Ended

  

Six Months

Ended

  

Compared

to Prior Period

  

Six Months

Ended

 
 

July 31, 2016

  

$

  

%

  

July 31, 2015

  

July 31, 2016

  

$

  

%

  

July 31, 2015

  

Three Months Ended

  

Increase

Compared to Prior

Period

  

Three Months Ended

 

(in thousands)

                                 

April 30, 2017

  $  

%

  

April 30, 2016

 

Income tax (benefit) expense

 $(532

)

 $(1,534

)

  -153

%

 $1,002  $(1,601

)

 $(2,807

)

  -233

%

 $1,206 

Income tax expense (benefit)

 $620  $1,693   158

%

 $(1,073

)

Percentage of revenue

  -1

%

          2

%

  -1

%

          1

%

  1

%

          -2

%

Effective tax rate

  -782

%

          38

%

  43

%

          36

%

  -32

%

          28

%

 

We recorded income tax expense (benefit) expense of $(1.6)$0.6 million and $1.2$(1.1) million for the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. Our effective tax rate increaseddecreased to 43%(32%) from 36%28% for the same period in the prior year. The increase in our annual effective tax rateIn the current fiscal quarter we did not benefit from net operating losses. This is primarily due to a valuation allowance recorded against U.S. deferred tax assets as of January 31, 2017 and foreign losses sustained in a low tax jurisdiction. In determining the impactquarterly provision for income taxes for the first quarter of fixed withholdingfiscal 2018, we calculated income tax expense based on a substantially lower forecasted bookactual quarterly results and related income in fiscal 2017.

Weand statutory tax rates, adjusted for discrete items recorded during the period. In determining the quarterly provision for income tax (benefit) expense of $(0.5) million and $1.0 million intaxes for the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2017, and fiscal 2016, respectively. Our effectivewe calculated income tax expense based on the estimated annual tax rate of (782)%for the year, adjusted for discrete items recorded during the second quarter of fiscal 2017 compared to 38% for the same period in the prior year. The difference in rates is primarily due to the near breakeven results in the second quarter of fiscal 2017.period.  

 

The Company continues to benefit from operating in foreign locations with lower statutory income tax rates relative to the U.S. federal and state tax rate. This benefit is significantly reduced by foreign base company sales and services income that is taxed both in the U.S. and in the foreign jurisdiction.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

 

Regulation S-K Item 10(e), “Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures in Commission Filings,” defines and prescribes the conditions for use of non-GAAP financial information. Our measures of non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA, non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margins, non-GAAP netpre-tax income and non-GAAP earnings per diluted sharecash taxes each meet the definition of a non-GAAP financial measure.


We define the non-GAAP measures as follows:

●

Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA - EBITDA is GAAP net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization. Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA less stock-based compensation expense and the change in the fair value of the interest rate swap.

●

Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margins - Calculated by dividing non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA by total revenue.

●

Non-GAAP pre-tax income - GAAP income before income taxes not including the effects of stock-based compensation expense, amortization of purchased intangible assets and the change in fair value of the interest rate swap.

●

Cash taxes - Cash taxes are defined as GAAP total tax expense excluding changes in reserves for unrecognized tax benefits.

Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA - EBITDA is GAAP net income before net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization. Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA less stock-based compensation expense and the change in the fair value of the interest rate swap.


Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA margins - Calculated by dividing non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA by total revenue.

Non-GAAP net income - GAAP net income before stock-based compensation expense, amortization of purchased intangible assets, the change in fair value of the interest rate swap and certain income tax adjustments.

Non-GAAP earnings per diluted share - Non-GAAP net income allocated to Class A and Class B shares divided by the weighted average diluted shares outstanding of each class.

 

QAD’sQAD’s management uses non-GAAP measures internally to evaluate the business and believes that presenting non-GAAP measures provides useful information to investors regarding the underlying business trends and performance of the our ongoing operations as well as useful metrics for monitoring our performance and evaluating it against industry peers. The non-GAAP financial measures presented should be used in addition to, and in conjunction with, results presented in accordance with GAAP, and should not be relied upon to the exclusion of GAAP financial measures. Management strongly encourages investors to review our consolidated financial statements in their entirety and to not to rely on any single financial measure in evaluating QAD.the company.

 

QAD non-GAAP measures reflect adjustments based on the following items:

 

EBITDA: We report EBITDA as a non-GAAP metric by excluding the effect of net interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization from net income because doing so makes internal comparisons to our historical operating results more consistent. In addition, we believe providing an EBITDA calculation is a more useful comparison of our operating results to the operating results of our peers.

Stock-based compensation expenseexpense:: We have excluded the effect of stock-based compensation expense from theour non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP earnings per diluted sharepre-tax income calculations. Although stock-based compensation expense is calculated in accordance with current GAAP and constitutes an ongoing and recurring expense, such expense is excluded from non-GAAP results because it is not an expense which generally requires cash settlement by QAD, and therefore is not used by us to assess the profitability of our operations. We also believe the exclusion of stock-based compensation expense provides a more useful comparison of our operating results to the operating results of our peers.

 

Amortization of purchased intangibles:intangible assets: We amortize purchased intangible assets in connection with our acquisitions. We have excluded the effect of amortization of purchased intangible assets, which include purchased technology, customer relationships, trade names and other intangible assets, from non-GAAP netpre-tax income and non-GAAP earnings per diluted share calculations,calculation, because doing so makes internal comparisons to our historical operating results more consistent. In addition, we believe excluding amortization of purchased intangible assets provides a more useful comparison of our operating results to the operating results of our peers.

 

Change in fair value of the interest rate swap: We entered into an interest rate swap to mitigate our exposure to the variability of one monthone-month LIBOR for theour floating rate debt related to the mortgage of our headquarters. We haveexcluded the gain/loss adjustments to record the interest rate swap at fair value from our non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP earnings per diluted sharepre-tax income calculations. We believe that these fluctuations are not indicative of our operational costs or meaningful in evaluating comparative period results because we currently have no intention of exiting the debt agreement early; and therefore over the life of the debt the sum of the fair value adjustments will be zero.$0.

Income tax adjustments: Beginning in fiscal 2016, we began to compute and utilize a fixed long-term projected non-GAAP tax rate in order to provide better consistency across the interim reporting periods by eliminating the effects of non-recurring and period-specific items such as changes in the tax valuation allowance and tax effects of acquisition-related costs, since each of these can vary in size and frequency. When projecting the long-term rate we evaluated four years of historical and expected results excluding the impact of the following non-cash items: stock-based compensation expense, amortization of purchased intangibles and the change in fair value of the interest rate swap. The projected rate assumes no new acquisitions and takes into account other factors including our current business structure, our existing tax positions in various jurisdictions and key legislation in major jurisdictions where we operate. The non-GAAP tax rate is 25%. We intend to re-evaluate this long-term rate on an annual basis or if any significant events that may materially affect this long-term rate occur. This long-term rate could be subject to change for a variety of reasons, for example, significant changes in the geographic earnings mix, acquisition activity or fundamental tax law changes in major jurisdictions where we operate.


 

Our reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures of adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margins non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP earnings per diluted sharepre-tax income to the most comparable GAAP measures for the three and six months ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016 and 2015 are as follows (in thousands, except per share data)thousands):

 

  

Three Months Ended
July 31,

  

Six Months Ended
July 31,

 
  

2016

  

2015

  

2016

  

2015

 
                 

Total revenue

 $69,778  $71,291  $135,175  $140,556 

Net income (loss)

  600   1,631   (2,142)  2,180 

Add back:

                

Net interest expense

  2   103   4   229 

Depreciation

  1,092   974   2,136   1,973 

Amortization

  432   456   862   908 

Income taxes

  (532)  1,002   (1,601)  1,206 

EBITDA

 $1,594  $4,166  $(741) $6,496 

Add back:

                

Non-cash stock-based compensation

  2,418   2,431   3,972   3,737 

Change in fair value of interest rate swap

  181   (106)  212   (351)

Adjusted EBITDA

 $4,193  $6,491  $3,443  $9,882 

Adjusted EBITDA margin

  6%  9%  3%  7%
                 

Non-GAAP net income reconciliation

                

Net income (loss)

 $600  $1,631  $(2,142) $2,180 

Add back:

                

Non-cash stock-based compensation

  2,418   2,431   3,972   3,737 

Amortization of purchased intangible assets

  345   345   690   689 

Change in fair value of interest rate swap

  181   (106)  212   (351)

Income tax adjustments

  (735)  (668)  (1,218)  (1,019)

Non-GAAP net income

 $2,809  $3,633  $1,514  $5,236 
                 

Non-GAAP earnings per diluted Class A share reconciliation

                

Earnings (loss) per diluted Class A share

 $0.03  $0.09  $(0.12) $0.12 

Add back:

                

Non-cash stock-based compensation

  0.13   0.13   0.21   0.20 

Amortization of purchased intangible assets

  0.02   0.02   0.04   0.03 

Change in fair value of interest rate swap

  0.01   (0.01)  0.01   (0.02)

Income tax adjustments

  (0.04)  (0.04)  (0.06)  (0.05)

Non-GAAP earnings per diluted Class A share

 $0.15  $0.19  $0.08  $0.28 
                 

Shares used in computing earnings per diluted Class A share

  16,280   16,261   16,263   16,160 
                 

Non-GAAP earnings per diluted Class B share reconciliation

                

Earnings (loss) per diluted Class B share

 $0.03  $0.07  $(0.10) $0.10 

Add back:

                

Non-cash stock-based compensation

  0.10   0.11   0.18   0.17 

Amortization of purchased intangible assets

  0.01   0.01   0.03   0.03 

Change in fair value of interest rate swap

  0.01   (0.00)  0.01   (0.02)

Income tax adjustments

  (0.03)  (0.03)  (0.05)  (0.05)

Non-GAAP earnings per diluted Class B share

 $0.12  $0.16  $0.07  $0.23 
                 

Shares used in computing earnings per diluted Class B share

  3,275   3,284   3,274   3,282 
  

Three Months Ended April 30,

 
  

2017

  

2016

 
         

Total revenue

 $71,382  $65,397 
         

Net loss

  (2,571

)

  (2,792

)

Add back:

        

Net interest (income) expense

  (12

)

  2 

Depreciation

  1,104   1,044 

Amortization

  416   430 

Income taxes

  620   (1,073

)

EBITDA

 $(443

)

 $(2,389

)

Add back:

        

Stock-based compensation expense

  1,768   1,608 

Change in fair value of interest rate swap

  (13

)

  31 

Adjusted EBITDA

 $1,312  $(750

)

Adjusted EBITDA margin

  2

%

  -1

%

         
         

Non-GAAP pre-tax income (loss) reconciliation

        

Loss before income taxes

 $(1,951

)

 $(3,865

)

Add back

        

Stock-based compensation expense

  1,768   1,608 

Amortization of purchased intangible assets

  342   345 

Change in fair value of interest rate swap

  (13

)

  31 

Non-GAAP income (loss) before income taxes

 $146  $(1,881

)

         

Cash taxes

 $648  $640 

 


 

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

Our primary source of cash is from the sale of subscription, licenses, subscriptions, maintenance and professional services to our customers. Our primary use of cash is payment of our operating expenses which mainly consist of employee-related expenses, such as compensation and benefits, as well as general operating expenses for facilities and overhead costs. In addition to operating expenses, we may also use cash for capital expenditures, payment of dividends and stock repurchases, and investmentto invest in our growth initiatives, which may include acquisitions of products, technologytechnologies and businesses.

In fiscal 2018, we anticipate that our priorities for use of cash will be developing sales and services resources and continued investment in research and development to drive and support growth and profitability. We will continue to evaluate acquisition opportunities that are complementary to our product footprint, solutions delivery, technology direction and sales channels. We will also continue to assess share repurchases and dividend payments. We do not anticipate additional borrowing requirements in fiscal 2018.  

 

At July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, our principal sources of liquidity were cash and equivalents totaling $134.7$153.3 million and net accounts receivable of $45.5$46.4 million. At July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, our cash and equivalents consisted of current bank accounts, registered money market funds and time delineated deposits. Approximately 85% of our cash and equivalents were held in U.S. dollar denominated accounts as of July 31, 2016. April 30, 2017. 

We have a U.S. line of credit facility with Rabobank that permits unsecured short-term borrowings of up to $20 million. Our line of credit agreement contains customary covenants that could restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness. Our line of credit is available for working capital or other business needs. We have not drawn on the line of credit during any of the last three fiscal years nor do we expect to draw on the line of credit during fiscal 2017.2018. Our line of credit expires in July 2017 and we do not expect to renew it. 

 

Our primary commercial banking relationship is with Bank of America and its global affiliates. Our cash and equivalents are held by diversified financial institutions globally, and as of July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the portion of our cash and equivalents held by or invested through Bank of America was approximately 95%. Our largest cash concentration isconcentrations are in Ireland where we pool the cash generated by our EMEA subsidiaries.United States and Ireland. The majority of our cash and equivalents are held in investment accounts which are predominantly placed in money market mutual funds investedand in U.S. Treasury and government securities.securities funds. The remaining cash and equivalents are held in deposit accounts and certificates of deposit.

 

Our cash and equivalents are concentrated in a few locations around the world, with substantial amounts held outside of the U.S. The percentage of cash and equivalents held by foreign subsidiaries was approximately 66% and 62%67% as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and January 31, 2016, respectively. Subject to local law restrictions, certain amounts held outside the U.S. could be repatriated to the U.S. These repatriated amounts would likely be subject to U.S. income taxes under current U.S. tax law. We have provided for the U.S. income tax liability on foreign earnings, except for foreign earnings that are considered permanently reinvested outside the U.S. Our intent is that foreign permanently reinvested earnings will remain outside the U.S. Our U.S. liquidity needs will be met through ongoing cash flows from operations or through alternative means of cash flow such as the sale of stock or external borrowing. We regularly review our capital structure to ensure we have the proper liquidity available in the locations in which it is needed.

 

The following table summarizes our cash flows for the six monthsfirst quarter ended July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively.

 

 

Three Months Ended April 30,

 

(in thousands)

 

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2016

  

Six Months

Ended

July 31, 2015

  

2017

  

2016

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 $1,766  $9,157  $7,882  $1,357 

Net cash used in investing activities

  (1,744

)

  (1,692

)

  (795

)

  (1,086

)

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

  (4,205

)

  3,715 

Net cash used in financing activities

  (299

)

  (475

)

Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and equivalents

  1,160   (1,621

)

  1,478   2,351 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and equivalents

 $(3,023

)

 $9,559 

Net increase in cash and equivalents

 $8,266  $2,147 

 


 

Typical factors affecting our cash provided by operating activities include our level of revenue and earnings for the period; the timing and amount of employee bonus payments and income tax payments; and the timing and amount of billings and cash collections from our customers, which is our largest source of operating cash flow. Net cash flows provided by operating activities were $1.8$7.9 million and $9.2$1.4 million for the first six monthsquarter of fiscal 20172018 and 2016,2017, respectively. The negativeincrease in cash flows from operating activities was due primarily to the positive cash flow effect of changes in accounts receivable and other assets of $14.5$4.7 million due primarily to lower collections resulting from our business model shift, and a decrease in net income of $4.3 million was offset by the positive cash flow effect of changes in deferred revenue, other liabilities and accounts payable of $10.1$1.5 million.

 

Net cash used in investing activities consisted primarily of capital expenditures of $1.7$0.7 million and $1.1 million for the first six monthsquarter of both fiscal 2018 and 2017, and 2016.respectively. We continue to monitor our capital spending and do not believe we are delaying critical capital expenditures required to run our business.

 

In the first six months of both fiscal 2017 and 2016 we made dividend payments of $2.6 million. On a regular basis the Board of Directors evaluates our ability to continue to pay dividends as well as the structure of any potential dividend payments.

Net cash provided by financing activities during the first six months of fiscal 2016 included proceeds received from the sale of stock of $8.4 million after deducting offering expenses and underwriting discounts and commissions.

We have historically calculated accounts receivable days’days’ sales outstanding (“DSO”), using the countback, or last-in first-out, method. This method calculates the number of days of billed revenue represented by the accounts receivable balance as of period end. When reviewing the performance of our entities, DSO under the countback method is used by management. It is management’s belief that the countback method best reflects the relative health of our accounts receivable as of a given quarter-end or year-end because of the cyclical nature of our billings. Our billing cycle includes high annual maintenance renewal billings at year-end that will not be recognized as earned revenue until future periods.

 

DSO under the countback method was relatively consistent at 5455 days and 5565 days as of July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively. DSO using the average method, which is calculated utilizing the accounts receivable balance and earned revenue for the most recent quarter, was 5958 days and 5862 days at July 31,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, respectively. The reduction in DSO was due to higher collections in excess of billings. The aging of our accounts receivable remained consistent when compared with the same period last year. We believe our reserve methodology is adequate, our reserves are properly stated as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 and the quality of our receivables remains good.

 

There have been no material changes in our contractual obligations or commercial commitments outside the ordinary course of business. Cash requirements for items other than normal operating expenses are anticipated for capital expenditures, dividend payments and other equity transactions. We may require cash for acquisitions of new businesses, software products or technologies complementary to our business.

 

We believe that our cash on hand, net cash provided by operating activities and available borrowings under our existing credit facility will provide us with sufficient resources to meet our current and long-term working capital requirements, debt service, dividend payments and other cash needs for at least the next twelve months.

 

Our revenue, earnings, cash flows, receivables, and payables are subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates. See Part I, Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” for further discussion.

 

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

 

A summary of future obligations under our various contractual obligations and commitments as of January 31, 20162017 was disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.2017. During the quarter and six months ended July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 there have been no material changes in our contractual obligations or commercial commitments outside the ordinary course of business.

 


Credit Facility

 

We have an unsecured credit agreement with Rabobank, N.A. (the “Facility”). The Facility provides a commitment through July 15, 2017 for a $20 million line of credit for working capital or other business needs. We pay a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum of the daily average of the unused portion of the $20 million Facility. Borrowings under the Facility bore interest at a rate equal to one month LIBOR plus 0.75%. At July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, the effective borrowing rate would have been 1.23%1.74%. Our line of credit expires in July 2017 and we do not expect to renew it.

 

The Facility provides that we maintain certain financial and operating ratios which include, among other provisions, minimum liquidity on a consolidated basis of $25 million in cash and equivalents at all times, a current ratio (calculated using current liabilities excluding deferred revenue) of not less than 1.3 to 1.0 determined at the end of each fiscal quarter, a leverage ratio of not more than 1.5 to 1.0 determined at the end of each fiscal quarter, and a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.5 to 1.0 determined at the end of each fiscal year. The Facility also contains customary covenants that could restrict our ability to incur additional indebtedness.

 


As of July 31, 2016,April 30, 2017, there were no borrowings under the Facility and we were in compliance with all financial covenants.Facility.

 

Notes Payable

 

Effective May 30, 2012 QAD Ortega Hill, LLC, our wholly owned limited liability company, entered into a variable rate credit agreement (the “2012 Mortgage”) with Rabobank, N.A., to refinance a pre-existing mortgage. The 2012 Mortgage has an original principal balance of $16.1 million and bears interest at the one month LIBOR rate plus 2.25%. One month LIBOR was 0.48%0.99% at July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017. The 2012 Mortgage matures in June 2022 and is secured by our headquarters located in Santa Barbara, California. In conjunction with the 2012 Mortgage, QAD Ortega Hill, LLC entered into an interest rate swap with Rabobank, N.A. The swap agreement has an initial notional amount of $16.1 million and a schedule matching that of the underlying loan that synthetically fixes the interest rate on the debt at 4.31% for the entire term of the 2012 Mortgage. The terms of the 2012 Mortgage provide for QAD Ortega Hill, LLC to make net monthly payments of $88,100 consisting of principal and interest and one final payment of $11.7 million. The unpaid balance as of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 was $14.5$14.2 million.

  

ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

Foreign Exchange Rates.We have operations in foreign locations around the world and we are exposed to risk resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. We have experienced significant foreign currency fluctuations during fiscal 20162017 and the first sixthree months of fiscal 20172018 due primarily to the volatility of the euro in relation to the U.S. dollar. The foreign currencies for which we currently have the most significant exposure are the euro, Brazilian real, British pound and Mexican peso. Foreign currency exchange rate movements could create a foreign currency gain or loss that could be realized or unrealized for us. Unfavorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other foreign currencies may have an adverse impact on our operations. We did not have any foreign currency forward or option contracts or other material foreign currency denominated derivatives or other financial instruments open as of July 31, 2016.April 30, 2017.

 

We face two risks related to foreign currency exchange rates—rates—translation risk and transaction risk. Translation risk relates to amounts invested in our foreign operations that are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Revenues and expenses in foreign currencies translate into higher or lower revenues and expenses in U.S. dollars as the U.S. dollar weakens or strengthens against other currencies. Furthermore, we have exposure to foreign exchange fluctuations arising from the remeasurement of non-functional currency assets, liabilities and intercompany balances into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. Transaction risk is related to our international subsidiaries holding non-local currency net monetary accounts subject to revaluation into their local currency, which results in realized or unrealized foreign currency gains or losses.


 

For the sixthree months ended July 13,April 30, 2017 and 2016, approximately 50% and 2015, approximately 53% and 52%55%, respectively, of our revenue was generated in foreign currencies. We also incurred a significant portion of our expenses in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, approximately 39% and 40%, respectively, for each of the sixthree months ended July, 2016April 30, 2017 and 2015.2016. Based on a hypothetical 10% strengthening of the U.S. dollar against all foreign currencies, our revenue would be adversely affected by approximately 5% partially offset by a positive effect on our expenses of approximately 4%, and our operating income would be adversely affected by approximately 45%46%.

 

For the sixthree months ended July,April 30, 2017 and 2016, and 2015, foreign currency transaction and remeasurement (gains) losses totaled $397,000$0.6 million and $(26,000),$0.8 million, respectively, and are included in “Other (income) expense, net” in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).Loss. We performed a sensitivity analysis on the net U.S. dollar and euro-based monetary accounts subject to revaluation that are held by our international subsidiaries and on the non-functional currency assets, liabilities and intercompany balances that are remeasured into U.S. dollars. A hypothetical 10% adverse movement in all foreign currency exchange rates would result in foreign currency transaction and remeasurement losses of approximately $2.2$2.6 million.

 

These estimates assume adverse shifts in all foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar, which do not always move in the same direction or in the same degrees. Actual results may differ materially from the hypothetical analysis.

 

Interest Rates.We invest our surplus cash in a variety of financial instruments, consisting principally of short-term marketable securities with maturities of less than 90 days at the date of purchase. Our investment securities are held for purposes other than trading. Cash balances held by subsidiaries are invested primarily in registered money market funds with local operating banks. Based on an interest rate sensitivity analysis of our cash and equivalents we estimate that a 10% adverse change in interest rates from the 20162017 fiscal year-end rates would not have a material adverse effect on our cash flows or financial condition for the next fiscal year.


 

Our long-term debt is comprised of a loan agreement, secured by real property, which bears interest at the one month LIBOR rate plus 2.25%. In conjunction with the loan agreement, we entered into an interest rate swap. The swap agreement has an initial notional amount and schedule matching that of the underlying loan that synthetically fixes the interest rate on the debt at 4.31%. Additionally, we have an unsecured line of credit which bears interest at the one month LIBOR rate plus 0.75%. As of July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 there were no borrowings under our unsecured line of credit.

  

Our interest rate swap is accounted for using mark-to-market accounting. Accordingly, changes in the fair value of the swap each reporting period are adjusted through earnings, subjecting us to non-cash volatility in our results of operations. We prepared a sensitivity analysis using a modeling technique that measures the change in the fair values arising from a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in levels of interest rates across the entire yield curve, with all other variables held constant. Based upon the results of this analysis a 10% adverse change in interest rates from the July 31, 2016April 30, 2017 rates would cause a $0.1 million reduction in our results of operations. We believe it is prudent to hedge the expected volatility of the variable rate mortgage on our corporate headquarters. The swap fixes the interest rate on our mortgage to 4.31% over the entire term of the mortgage and effectively lowers our interest rate from the previous mortgage rate of 6.5%. Although the agreement allows us to prepay the loan and exit the agreement early, we have no intention of doing so. As a result, we will have non-cash adjustments through earnings each reporting period. However, over the term of the mortgage, the net impact of these mark-to-market adjustments on earnings will be zero.

 

ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to, and are effective to, provide assurance at a reasonable level that the information required to be disclosed by us in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

 


Changes in internal control over financial reporting.There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

Inherent limitations of internal controls.QAD’s management does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures or its internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within QAD have been detected. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 


 

PART II

 

ITEM 1.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 

The Company is not party to any material legal proceedings. From time to time, QAD is party, either as plaintiff or defendant, to various legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. While the outcome of these claims cannot be predicted with certainty, management does not believe that the outcome of any of these legal matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’sCompany’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.

 

ITEM 1A.

RISK FACTORS

 

There have been no material changes to the risk factors reported in Item 1A within the Company’sCompany’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2016.2017.

 


ITEM 2.

UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

None.

 

ITEM 3.

DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 4.

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

 

Not applicable.

 

ITEM 5.

OTHER INFORMATION

 

None.

 

ITEM 6.

EXHIBITS

 

Exhibits

 

 

 

31.1

Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

31.2

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

32.1

Certification by the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

 

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document

 

 

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

 

 

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

 

 

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document

 

 

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

 

 

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

 


 

Signatures

 

 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

 

QAD Inc.

(Registrant)

 

Date: September 7, 2016June 8, 2017

By:

/s/ DANIEL LENDER

 

 

Daniel Lender

 

 

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

 

 

(Principal Financial Officer)

 

 

 

 

By:

/s/ KARA BELLAMY

 

 

Kara Bellamy

 

 

Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller

 

 

(Chief Accounting Officer)

 

 

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