J.B. HUNT TRANSPORT SERVICES, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information. We believe such statements include all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for the fair statement of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods indicated. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) applicable to quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, the accompanying financial statements do not include all disclosures required by GAAP for annual financial statements. While we believe the disclosures presented are adequate to make the information not misleading, these unaudited interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Operating results for the periods presented in this report are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the calendar year ending December 31, 2023, or any other interim period. Our business is somewhat seasonal with slightly higher freight volumes typically experienced during August through early November in our full-load freight transportation business.

We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net earnings available to common stockholders by the actual weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if holders of unvested restricted and performance share units converted their holdings into common stock. The dilutive effect of restricted and performance share units was 1.0 million shares during the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to 1.2 million shares during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

The following table summarizes the components of our share-based compensation program expense (in thousands):

As of March 31, 2023, we had $99.7 million and $45.0 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted share units and performance share units, respectively, that is to be recognized over the remaining weighted average period of approximately 2.7 years for restricted share units and 2.5 years for performance share units. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we issued 13,159 shares for vested restricted share units and 138,881 shares for vested performance share units.

Outstanding borrowings, net of unamortized discount and unamortized debt issuance cost, under our current financing arrangements consist of the following (in millions):

Senior Credit Facility

At March 31, 2023, we were authorized to borrow up to $1.5 billion through a revolving line of credit and committed term loans, which is supported by a credit agreement with a group of banks. The revolving line of credit authorizes us to borrow up to $1.0 billion under a five-year term expiring September 2027, and allows us to request an increase in the revolving line of credit total commitment by up to $300 million and to request two one-year extensions of the maturity date. The committed term loans authorize us to borrow up to an additional $500 million during the nine-month period beginning September 27, 2022, and if funded, will mature in September 2025. The applicable interest rates under this agreement are based on either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), or a Base Rate, depending upon the specific type of borrowing, plus an applicable margin and other fees. At March 31, 2023, we had $296.8 million outstanding on the revolving line of credit, at an average interest rate of 5.77%, and no outstanding balance of term loans under this agreement.

Senior Notes

Our senior notes consist of two separate issuances. The first is $250 million of 3.85% senior notes due March 2024, issued in March 2014. Interest payments under these notes are due semiannually in March and September of each year, beginning September 2014. The second is $700 million of 3.875% senior notes due March 2026, issued in March 2019. Interest payments under these notes are due semiannually in March and September of each year beginning September 2019. Both senior notes were issued by J.B. Hunt Transport Services, Inc., a parent-level holding company with no significant tangible assets or operations. The notes are guaranteed on a full and unconditional basis by a wholly-owned subsidiary. All other subsidiaries of the parent are minor. We registered these offerings and the sale of the notes under the Securities Act of 1933, pursuant to shelf registration statements filed in February 2014 and January 2019. Both notes are unsecured obligations and rank equally with our existing and future senior unsecured debt. We may redeem for cash some or all of the notes based on a redemption price set forth in the note indenture.

Our financing arrangements require us to maintain certain covenants and financial ratios. We were in compliance with all covenants and financial ratios at March 31, 2023.

On January 22, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized the purchase of up to $500 million of our common stock. On July 20, 2022, our Board of Directors authorized an additional purchase of up to $500 million of our common stock. At March 31, 2023, $520 million of these authorizations were remaining. We purchased approximately 183,000 shares, or $30.8 million, of our common stock under our repurchase authorization during the three months ended March 31, 2023. On January 19, 2023, our Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.42, which was paid February 24, 2023, to stockholders of record on February 10, 2023. On April 27, 2023, our Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly dividend of $0.42 per common share, which will be paid on May 26, 2023, to stockholders of record on May 12, 2023.

Our assets and liabilities measured at fair value are based on valuation techniques which consider prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets and liabilities. These valuation methods are based on either quoted market prices (Level 1) or inputs, other than quoted prices in active markets, that are observable either directly or indirectly (Level 2).

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following assets are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in millions):

The fair value of trading investments has been measured using the market approach (Level 1) and reflects quoted market prices. Trading investments are classified in other assets in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Financial Instruments

The carrying amount of our senior credit facility and senior notes was $1.24 billion and $1.26 billion at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The estimated fair value of these liabilities using the income approach (Level 2), based on their net present value, discounted at our current borrowing rate, was $1.23 billion and $1.24 billion at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The carrying amounts of all other instruments at March 31, 2023, approximate their fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.

Our effective income tax rate was 24.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2023, compared to 24.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2022. In determining our quarterly provision for income taxes, we use an estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. This rate is based on our expected annual income, statutory tax rates, best estimate of nontaxable and nondeductible items of income and expense, and the ultimate outcome of tax audits.

At March 31, 2023, we had a total of $92.2 million in gross unrecognized tax benefits, which are a component of other long-term liabilities on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Of this amount, $77.2 million represents the amount of unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact our effective tax rate. The total amount of accrued interest and penalties for such unrecognized tax benefits was $8.9 million at March 31, 2023.

As the result of state use tax audits, we have been assessed amounts owed from which we are vigorously appealing. We have recorded a liability for the estimated probable exposure under these audits and await resolution of the matter.

We purchase insurance coverage for a portion of expenses related to vehicular collisions and accidents. These policies include a level of self-insurance (deductible) coverage applicable to each claim as well as certain coverage-layer-specific, aggregated reimbursement limits of covered excess claims. Our claims from time to time exceed some of these existing coverage layer aggregate reimbursement limits, and accordingly, we have recorded a liability for the estimated probable exposure for these occurrences.

We are involved in certain other claims and pending litigation arising from the normal conduct of business. Based on present knowledge of the facts and, in certain cases, opinions of outside counsel, we believe the resolution of these claims and pending litigation will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

We reported five distinct business segments during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. These segments included Intermodal (JBI), Dedicated Contract Services® (DCS®), Integrated Capacity Solution (ICS), Final Mile Services® (FMS), and Truckload (JBT). The operation of each of these businesses is described in Note 13, Segment Information, of our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2022.

On January 1, 2023, we transferred the majority of the company owned trucking operations in our JBT business segment to our DCS business segment and transferred our less-than-truckload brokerage operations from our ICS business segment to our FMS business segment. Accordingly, the prior period segment information reported below has been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications have no impact on our historical consolidated balance sheets, statements of earnings or cash flows.

A summary of certain segment information is presented below (in millions):

You should refer to the attached interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and also to our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2021, as you read the following discussion. We may make statements in this report that reflect our current expectation regarding future results of operations, performance, and achievements. These are “forward-looking” statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are based on our belief or interpretation of information currently available. When we use words like “may,” “plan,” “contemplate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “continue,” “expect,” “project,” “goals,” “strategy,” “future,” “predict,” “seek,” “estimate,” “likely,” “could,” “should,” “would,” and similar expressions, you should consider them as identifying forward-looking statements, although we may use other phrasing. Forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain, subject to risks, and should be viewed with caution. These statements are based on our belief or interpretation of information currently available. Stockholders and prospective investors are cautioned that actual results and future events may differ materially from these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors. Some of the factors and events that are not within our control and that could have a material impact on future operating results include the following: general economic and business conditions; potential business or operational disruptions resulting from the ongoing effects of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, including any future spikes or outbreaks of the virus, as well as government actions taken in response to the attached interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes and also to our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2022, as you read the following discussion. We may make statements in this report that reflect our current expectation regarding future results of operations, performance, and achievements. These are “forward-looking” statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are based on our belief or interpretation of information currently available. When we use words like “may,” “plan,” “contemplate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “continue,” “expect,” “project,” “goals,” “strategy,” “future,” “predict,” “seek,” “estimate,” “likely,” “could,” “should,” “would,” and similar expressions, you should consider them as identifying forward-looking statements, although we may use other phrasing. Forward-looking statements are inherently uncertain, subject to risks, and should be viewed with caution. These statements are based on our belief or interpretation of information currently available. Stockholders and prospective investors are cautioned that actual results and future events may differ materially from these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors. Some of the factors and events that are not within our control and that could have a material impact on future operating results include the following: general economic and business conditions; potential business or operational disruptions resulting from the effects of a national or international health pandemic; competition and competitive rate fluctuations; excess capacity in the intermodal or trucking industries; a loss of one or more major customers; cost and availability of diesel fuel; interference with or termination of our relationships with certain railroads; rail service delays; disruptions to U.S. port-of-call activity; ability to attract and retain qualified drivers, delivery personnel, independent contractors, and third-party carriers; retention of key employees; insurance costs and availability; litigation and claims expense; determination that independent contractors are employees; new or different environmental or other laws and regulations; volatile financial credit markets or interest rates; terrorist attacks or actions; acts of war; adverse weather conditions; disruption or failure of information systems; inability to keep pace with technological advances affecting our information technology platforms; operational disruption or adverse effects of business acquisitions; increased costs for and availability of new revenue equipment; increased tariffs assessed on or disruptions in the procurement of imported revenue equipment; decreases in the value of used equipment; and the ability of revenue equipment manufacturers to perform in accordance with agreements for guaranteed equipment trade-in values. Additionally, our business is somewhat seasonal with slightly higher freight volumes typically experienced during August through early November in our full-load transportation business. You should also refer to Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2022, for additional information on risk factors and other events that are not within our control. Our future financial and operating results may fluctuate as a result of these and other risk factors as described from time to time in our filings with the SEC. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to the extent we become aware that it will not be achieved for any reason.

GENERAL

We are one of the largest surface transportation, delivery, and logistics companies in North America. We operate five distinct, but complementary, business segments and provide a wide range of reliable transportation, brokerage, and delivery services to a diverse group of customers and consumers throughout the continental United States, Canada, and Mexico. Our service offerings include transportation of full-truckload containerized freight, which we directly transport utilizing our company-controlled revenue equipment and company drivers, independent contractors, or third-party carriers. We have arrangements with most of the major North American rail carriers to transport freight in containers or trailers, while we perform the majority of the pickup and delivery services. We also provide customized freight movement, revenue equipment, labor, systems, and delivery services that are tailored to meet individual customers’ requirements and typically involve long-term contracts. These arrangements are generally referred to as dedicated services and may include multiple pickups and drops, freight handling, specialized equipment, and freight network design. In addition, we provide or arrange for local and home delivery services, generally referred to as last-mile delivery services, to customers through a network of cross-dock and other delivery system locations throughout the continental United States. Utilizing thousands of reliable third-party carriers, we also provide comprehensive freight transportation brokerage and logistics services. In addition to dry-van, full-load operations, we also arrange for these unrelated outside carriers to provide flatbed, refrigerated, less-than-truckload (LTL), and other specialized equipment, drivers, and services. Also, we utilize a combination of company-owned and contracted power units to provide traditional over-the-road full truckload delivery services. Our customers, who include many Fortune 500 companies, have extremely diverse businesses. Many of them are served by J.B. Hunt 360°®, an online platform that offers shippers and carriers greater access, visibility and transparency of the supply chain. We account for our business on a calendar year basis, with our full year ending on December 31 and our quarterly reporting periods ending on March 31, June 30, and September 30. The operation of each of our five business segments is described in Note 9, Business Segments, in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Note 13, Segment Information, of our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that impact the amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Therefore, the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and associated disclosures of contingent liabilities are affected by these estimates. We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis, utilizing historical experience, consultation with experts, and other methods considered reasonable in the particular circumstances. Nevertheless, actual results may differ significantly from our estimates. Any effects on our business, financial position, or results of operations resulting from revisions to these estimates are recognized in the accounting period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.

Information regarding our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates can be found in our Annual Report (Form 10-K). The critical accounting policies that we believe require us to make more significant judgments and estimates when we prepare our financial statements include those relating to self-insurance accruals, revenue equipment, revenue recognition and income taxes. We have discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting policies and estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. In addition, Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the financial statements in our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2022, contains a summary of our critical accounting policies. There have been no material changes to the methodology we apply for critical accounting estimates as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparison of Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 to Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Total consolidated operating revenues decreased to $3.23 billion for the first quarter 2023, a 7% decrease from $3.49 billion in the first quarter 2022. This decrease was the result of decreased volumes in ICS, JBI, and FMS, combined with decreased revenue per load in JBT, when compared to the first quarter 2022. These decreases were partially offset by higher average truck counts and improved fleet productivity in DCS during the current quarter. Total consolidated operating revenue, excluding fuel surcharge revenue, decreased 10%.

JBI segment revenue decreased 4% to $1.54 billion during the first quarter 2023, compared with $1.60 billion in 2022. Load volumes during the first quarter 2023 decreased 5% over the same period 2022, primarily due to weaker overall freight activity, principally import-related freight, despite improved rail service and customer unloading activity during the current period. Transcontinental loads decreased 9%, while eastern network load volume increased 1% compared to the first quarter 2022. Revenue per load, which is determined by the combination of customer rates, fuel surcharges and freight mix, increased 1% during the first quarter 2023. Revenue per load excluding fuel surcharge revenue was flat compared to the first quarter 2022. JBI segment operating income decreased 16%, to $168.7 million in the first quarter 2023, from $201.0 million in 2022. The decrease is primarily due to decreased revenue, lower utilization of equipment, higher driver and non-driver wages and benefits, higher insurance and claims expense, and a $14.5 million decrease in net gains from the sale of equipment when compared to the first quarter 2022. The current quarter ended with approximately 116,200 units of trailing capacity and 6,570 power units assigned to the dray fleet.

DCS segment revenue increased 13% to $879 million in the first quarter 2023 from $776 million in 2022. Average revenue producing trucks increased 7% and productivity, defined as revenue per truck per week, increased 5% when compared to the first quarter 2022. Productivity excluding fuel surcharges also increased 5%, primarily due to contractual index-based rate increases and improved utilization of equipment. A net additional 541 revenue-producing trucks were in the fleet by the end of the first quarter 2023 compared to the prior year period. DCS segment operating income increased 29% to $102.6 million in the first quarter 2023, from $79.7 million in 2022. The increase is primarily due to increased revenue and the maturing of new long-term customer contracts, partially offset by higher driver and non-driver wages and benefits, increased equipment-related costs, and higher insurance and claims expense when compared to the first quarter 2022.

ICS segment revenue decreased 42% to $385 million in the first quarter 2023, from $659 million in 2022. Overall volumes decreased 25% compared to the first quarter 2022. Revenue per load decreased 22%, primarily due to lower contractual and spot customer rates in our truckload business as well as changes in customer freight mix compared to first quarter 2022. Contractual business represented approximately 63% of total load volume and 64% of total revenue in the first quarter 2023, compared to 44% and 42%, respectively, in 2022. Approximately $251 million of first quarter 2023 ICS revenue was executed through the Marketplace for J.B. Hunt 360 compared to $430 million in the first quarter 2022. ICS segment had an operating loss of $5.4 million in the first quarter 2023, compared to operating income of $24.2 million in 2022. The decrease is primarily due to lower revenue and a 39% decrease in gross profit, partially offset by lower personnel salary and wages expense and decreased technology cost. Gross profit margin increased to 13.4% in the first quarter 2023, compared to 12.8% in 2022. ICS’s carrier base increased 2% compared to the first quarter 2022.

FMS segment revenue decreased 4% to $225 million in the first quarter 2023 from $235 million in 2022, primarily due to decreased customer demand and the effects of internal efforts to improve revenue quality across certain accounts, partially offset by the full quarter operations of Zenith Freight Lines, LLC acquired in 2022 and the addition of multiple new customer contracts implemented over the past year. FMS segment had operating income of $6.6 million in the first quarter 2023 compared to $0.6 million in 2022. This increase was primarily due to improvements in revenue quality and overall cost management, partially offset by increased personnel salary and wages expense and higher equipment-related maintenance expenses compared to the first quarter 2022.

JBT segment revenue totaled $206 million for the first quarter 2023, a decrease of 10% from $230 million in first quarter 2022. Revenue excluding fuel surcharge revenue decreased 15% primarily due to a 22% decrease in revenue per load excluding fuel surcharge revenue, partially offset by an 8% increase in load volume and a 16% increase in average length of haul compared to first quarter 2022. Load volume growth was primarily related to the expansion of J.B. Hunt 360box®, which leverages the J.B. Hunt 360 platform to provide customers access to drop-trailer capacity across our transportation network. Trailer turns in the first quarter 2023 decreased 25% compared to first quarter 2022 due to freight mix and a decrease in freight demand. JBT average effective trailer count increased to 13,127 in the first quarter 2023, compared to 9,156 in 2022. At the end of the first quarter 2023, the JBT power fleet consisted of 2,162 tractors, compared to 1,624 tractors in 2022. JBT segment operating income decreased 83% to $5.0 million in 2023, compared with $28.9 million during first quarter 2022. This decrease was primarily due to decreased revenue, higher insurance and claims expense, and increased technology cost.

Consolidated Operating Expenses

The following table sets forth items in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings as a percentage of operating revenues and the percentage increase or decrease of those items as compared with the prior period.

Total operating expenses decreased 6.4%, while operating revenues decreased 7.4% during the first quarter 2023, from the comparable period 2022. Operating income decreased to $277.5 million during the first quarter 2023 from $334.3 million in 2022.

Rents and purchased transportation costs decreased 20.1% in first quarter 2023. This decrease was primarily the result of a decrease in truck carrier purchased transportation rates within ICS and JBT segments and decreased JBI and ICS load volume, which decreased services provided by third-party rail and truck carriers during the first quarter 2023 compared to 2022.

Salaries, wages and employee benefits costs increased 8.0% during the first quarter 2023, compared with 2022. This increase was primarily related to increased base driver pay and office personnel compensation, partially offset by lower incentive compensation.

Fuel costs increased 3.4% in 2023, compared with 2022, due primarily to an increase in road miles, partially offset by a decrease in the price of fuel. Depreciation and amortization expense increased 18.2% in first quarter 2023, primarily due to equipment purchases related to new DCS long-term customer contracts and the addition of trailing equipment and accessories within our JBI and JBT segments.

Operating supplies and expenses increased 20.0%, driven primarily by higher equipment maintenance costs, increased tire expense, higher travel and entertainment expenses, and increased tolls expense. Insurance and claims expense increased 52.5% in 2023 compared with 2022, primarily due to increased cost per claim, and higher insurance policy premium expense. General and administrative expenses increased 61.3% for the current quarter from the comparable period in 2022, primarily due to a decrease in net gains from sale or disposals of assets and an increase in building rentals, partially offset by lower advertising costs and professional service expenses. Net loss from sale or disposal of assets was $6.0 million in 2023, compared to a net gain from sale or disposal of assets of $17.3 million in 2022.

Net interest expense increased 17.5% in 2023 due to an increase in effective interest rates on our debt compared to first quarter 2022. Income tax expense decreased 17.2% in 2023, compared with 2022, primarily due to lower taxable earnings. Our effective income tax rate was 24.7% for the first quarter 2023, compared with 24.4% for the first quarter 2022. Our annual tax rate for 2023 is expected to be between 24.0% and 25.0%. In determining our quarterly provision for income taxes, we use an estimated annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items. This rate is based on our expected annual income, statutory tax rates, best estimate of nontaxable and nondeductible items of income and expense, and the ultimate outcome of tax audits.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Net cash provided by operating activities totaled $487.6 million during the first quarter 2023, compared with $291.8 million for the same period 2022. Operating cash flows increased primarily due to the timing of general working capital activities, partially offset by decreased earnings. Net cash used in investing activities totaled $379.8 million in 2023, compared with $376.1 million in 2022. The increase resulted from an increase in equipment purchases, net of proceeds from the sale of equipment during the first quarter 2023, partially offset by the inclusion of a business acquisition in 2022. Net cash used in financing activities was $107.1 million in 2023, compared with $126.7 million in 2022. This decrease resulted primarily from a decrease in treasury stock purchased, partially offset by the net payments on revolving lines of credit in the first quarter 2023.

Liquidity

Our need for capital has typically resulted from the acquisition of containers and chassis, trucks, tractors, and trailers required to support our growth and the replacement of older equipment as well as periodic business acquisitions and real estate transactions. We are frequently able to accelerate or postpone a portion of equipment replacements or other capital expenditures depending on market and overall economic conditions. In recent years, we have obtained capital through cash generated from operations, revolving lines of credit and long-term debt issuances. We have also periodically utilized operating leases to acquire revenue equipment. For our senior notes maturing in 2024, it is our intent to pay the entire outstanding balances in full, on or before the maturity dates, using our existing cash balance, revolving line of credit or other sources of long-term financing.

We believe our liquid assets, cash generated from operations, and revolving line of credit will provide sufficient funds for our operating and capital requirements for the foreseeable future. At March 31, 2023 we were authorized to borrow up to $1.5 billion through a revolving line of credit and committed term loans, which is supported by a credit agreement with a group of banks. The revolving line of credit authorizes us to borrow up to $1.0 billion under a five-year term expiring September 2027, and allows us to request an increase in the revolving line of credit total commitment by up to $300 million and to request two one-year extensions of the maturity date. The committed term loans authorize us to borrow up to an additional $500 million during the nine-month period beginning September 27, 2022, and if funded, will mature in September 2025. The applicable interest rates under this agreement are based on either the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), or a Base Rate, depending upon the specific type of borrowing, plus an applicable margin and other fees. At March 31, 2023, we had a cash balance of $52.6 million, a $296.8 million outstanding balance on our revolving line of credit at an average interest rate of 5.77% and no outstanding balance of term loans under our senior credit facility.

We continue to evaluate the possible effects of current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable economic forecasts on operational cash flows, including the risks of declines in the overall freight market and our customers' liquidity and ability to pay. We regularly monitor working capital and maintain frequent communication with our customers, suppliers and service providers. A large portion of our cost structure is variable. Purchased transportation expense represents more than half of our total costs but is heavily tied to load volumes. Our second largest cost item is salaries and wages, the largest portion of which is driver pay, which includes a large variable component.

Our financing arrangements require us to maintain certain covenants and financial ratios. At March 31, 2023, we were compliant with all covenants and financial ratios.

Our net capital expenditures were approximately $379.8 million during the first three months of 2023, compared with $289.1 million for the same period 2022. Our net capital expenditures include net additions to revenue equipment and non-revenue producing assets that are necessary to contribute to and support the future growth of our various business segments. Capital expenditures in the first quarter 2023 were primarily for tractors, intermodal containers and chassis, other trailing equipment, and real estate. We are currently committed to spend approximately $1.8 billion during the years 2023 and 2024, of which, approximately $1.2 billion is planned for the full year 2023. These expenditures will relate primarily to the acquisition of tractors, containers, chassis, and other trailing equipment. At March 31, 2023, our aggregate future minimum lease payments under operating lease obligations related primarily to the rental of maintenance and support facilities, cross-dock and delivery system facilities, office space, parking yards, and equipment was $339.4 million.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We had no off-balance sheet arrangements, other than our net purchase commitments of $1.8 billion, as of March 31, 2023.

Risk Factors

You should refer to Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2021, for additional information on risk factors and other events that are not within our control. Our future financial and operating results may fluctuate as a result of these and other risk factors as described from time to time in our filings with the SEC. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to the extent we become aware that it will not be achieved for any reason.

GENERAL

We are one of the largest surface transportation, delivery, and logistics companies in North America. We operate five distinct, but complementary, business segments and provide a wide range of safe and reliable transportation, brokerage, and delivery services to a diverse group of customers and consumers throughout the continental United States, Canada, and Mexico. Our service offerings include transportation of full-truckload containerized freight, which we directly transport utilizing our company-controlled revenue equipment and company drivers or independent contractors. We have arrangements with most of the major North American rail carriers to transport freight in containers or trailers, while we perform the majority of the pickup and delivery services. We also provide customized freight movement, revenue equipment, labor, systems, and delivery services that are tailored to meet individual customers’ requirements and typically involve long-term contracts. These arrangements are generally referred to as dedicated services and may include multiple pickups and drops, freight handling, specialized equipment, and freight network design. In addition, we provide or arrange for local and home delivery services, generally referred to as final-mile delivery services, to customers through a network of cross-dock and other delivery system locations throughout the continental United States. Utilizing thousands of reliable third-party carriers, we also provide comprehensive freight transportation brokerage and logistics services. In addition to dry-van, full-load operations, we also arrange for these unrelated outside carriers to provide flatbed, refrigerated, less-than-truckload (LTL), and other specialized equipment, drivers, and services. Also, we utilize a combination of company-owned and contracted power units to provide traditional over-the-road full truckload delivery services. Our customers, who include many Fortune 500 companies, have extremely diverse businesses. Many of them are served by J.B. Hunt 360°^®, an online platform that offers shippers and carriers greater access, visibility, and transparency of the supply chain. We account for our business on a calendar year basis, with our full year ending on December 31 and our quarterly reporting periods ending on March 31, June 30, and September 30. The operation of each of our five business segments is described in Note 14, Segment Information, of our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Our operations have been impacted by the COVID-19 global pandemic. We began our COVID-19 response activities in the first quarter of 2020, which required remote working when possible, expanded health and safety policies, facility modifications, increased security coverage, and purchase and distribution of personal protective equipment and supplies. In addition, we provided incremental paid time off for employees to help offset any financial loss caused by their absence from work when receiving the COVID-19 vaccination. We also worked with local healthcare organizations to provide vaccination assistance under applicable area guidelines and procedures to employees and their family members. On April 4, 2022, we eliminated the requirement of remote working when possible, resulting in previously remote employees returning to our home office campus and all other field locations throughout North America. We continue to review and analyze both external and internal COVID-related data, including the effects of new variants. We have been pleased with the continued performance of our employees, particularly our drivers, who have provided consistent service to our customers throughout the pandemic.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that impact the amounts reported in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Therefore, the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and associated disclosures of contingent liabilities are affected by these estimates. We evaluate these estimates on an ongoing basis, utilizing historical experience, consultation with experts, and other methods considered reasonable in the particular circumstances. Nevertheless, actual results may differ significantly from our estimates. Any effects on our business, financial position, or results of operations resulting from revisions to these estimates are recognized in the accounting period in which the facts that give rise to the revision become known.

Information regarding our Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates can be found in our Annual Report (Form 10-K). The critical accounting policies that we believe require us to make more significant judgments and estimates when we prepare our financial statements include those relating to self-insurance accruals, revenue equipment, revenue recognition and income taxes. We have discussed the development and selection of these critical accounting policies and estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. In addition, Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the financial statements in our Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2021, contains a summary of our critical accounting policies. There have been no material changes to the methodology we apply for critical accounting estimates as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS