UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 or

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

		Commission file number:	001-31465

NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS LP
	(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

35-2164875

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1415 Louisiana Street, Suite 3325

Houston, Texas 77002

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(713) 751-7507

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class		Trading Symbol(s)		Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Units representing limited partner interests		NRP		New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of "accelerated filer", "large accelerated filer", "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer	☐	Accelerated Filer	☒
Non-accelerated Filer	☐	Smaller Reporting Company	☐
		Emerging Growth Company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

APPLICABLE ONLY TO ISSUERS INVOLVED IN BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDINGS DURING THE PRECEDING FIVE YEARS:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court. Yes ☐ No ☐

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS, L.P.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	*March 31,*			*December 31,*		*March 31,*			*December 31,*
	*2023*			*2022*		*2024*			*2023*
(In thousands, except unit data)	(Unaudited)					(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	17,655		$	39,091	$	10,990		$	11,989
Accounts receivable, net		36,513			42,701		33,874			41,086
Other current assets, net		3,216			1,822		3,494			2,218
Total current assets	$	57,384		$	83,614	$	48,358		$	55,293
Land		24,008			24,008		24,008			24,008
Mineral rights, net		408,371			412,312		390,176			394,483
Intangible assets, net		14,613			14,713		13,340			13,682
Equity in unconsolidated investment		295,361			306,470		268,634			276,549
Long-term contract receivable, net		28,309			28,946		25,632			26,321
Other long-term assets, net		7,622			7,068		8,034			7,540
Total assets	$	835,668		$	877,131	$	778,182		$	797,876
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	1,452		$	1,992	$	1,514		$	885
Accrued liabilities		3,466			11,916		5,064			12,987
Accrued interest		1,252			989		995			584
Current portion of deferred revenue		7,450			6,256		5,635			4,599
Current portion of long-term debt, net		39,055			39,076		14,202			30,785
Total current liabilities	$	52,675		$	60,229	$	27,410		$	49,840
Deferred revenue		38,833			40,181		38,348			38,356
Long-term debt, net		133,821			129,205		174,595			124,273
Other non-current liabilities		6,124			5,472		6,305			7,172
Total liabilities	$	231,453		$	235,087	$	246,658		$	219,641
Commitments and contingencies (see Note 13)
Class A Convertible Preferred Units (202,501 and 250,000 units issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, at $1,000 par value per unit; liquidation preference of $1,850 per unit at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022) (See Note 3)	$	133,316		$	164,587
Class A Convertible Preferred Units (71,666 issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 at $1,000 par value per unit; liquidation preference of $1,850 per unit at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023) (See Note 3)						$	47,181		$	47,181
Partners’ capital
Common unitholders’ interest (12,634,642 and 12,505,996 units issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)	$	417,401		$	404,799
Common unitholders’ interest (12,960,064 and 12,634,642 units issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively)						$	474,095		$	503,076
General partner’s interest		6,400			5,977		7,721			8,005
Warrant holders’ interest		47,964			47,964		4,804			23,095
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)		(866	)		18,717
Accumulated other comprehensive loss							(2,277	)		(3,122	)
Total partners’ capital	$	470,899		$	477,457	$	484,343		$	531,054
Total liabilities and partners' capital	$	835,668		$	877,131	$	778,182		$	797,876

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Unaudited)

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*						*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands, except per unit data)	*2023*			*2022*			*2024*			*2023*
Revenues and other income
Royalty and other mineral rights	$	76,271		$	71,083		$	67,372		$	76,271
Transportation and processing services		3,598			3,796			3,427			3,598
Equity in earnings of Sisecam Wyoming		19,254			14,837			5,450			19,254
Gain on asset sales and disposals		96			—			165			96
Total revenues and other income	$	99,219		$	89,716		$	76,414		$	99,219

Operating expenses
Operating and maintenance expenses	$	7,163		$	8,076		$	5,733		$	7,163
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		4,083			3,868			4,654			4,083
General and administrative expenses		5,845			4,467			6,327			5,845
Asset impairments		—			19
Total operating expenses	$	17,091		$	16,430		$	16,714		$	17,091

Income from operations	$	82,128		$	73,286		$	59,700		$	82,128

Interest expense, net	$	(2,853	)	$	(9,387	)	$	(3,487	)	$	(2,853	)

Net income	$	79,275		$	63,899		$	56,213		$	79,275
Less: income attributable to preferred unitholders		(6,661	)		(7,500	)		(2,150	)		(6,661	)
Less: redemption of preferred units		(16,228	)		—			—			(16,228	)
Net income attributable to common unitholders and the general partner	$	56,386		$	56,399		$	54,063		$	56,386

Net income attributable to common unitholders	$	55,258		$	55,271		$	52,982		$	55,258
Net income attributable to the general partner		1,128			1,128			1,081			1,128

Net income per common unit (see Note 5)
Basic	$	4.40		$	4.45		$	4.13		$	4.40
Diluted		3.44			3.11			3.83			3.44

Net income	$	79,275		$	63,899		$	56,213		$	79,275
Comprehensive income (loss) from unconsolidated investment and other		(19,583	)		2,545			845			(19,583	)
Comprehensive income	$	59,692		$	66,444		$	57,058		$	59,692

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF PARTNERS’ CAPITAL

(Unaudited)

												*Accumulated*
												*Other*			*Total*
	*Common Unitholders*					*General*			*Warrant*			*Comprehensive*			*Partners'*
(In thousands)	*Units*		*Amounts*			*Partner*			*Holders*			*Loss*			*Capital*
Balance at December 31, 2023		12,635	$	503,076		$	8,005		$	23,095		$	(3,122	)	$	531,054
Net income ⁽¹⁾		—		55,089			1,124			—			—			56,213
Distributions to common unitholders and the general partner		—		(41,342	)		(844	)		—			—			(42,186	)
Distributions to preferred unitholders		—		(2,107	)		(43	)		—			—			(2,150	)
Issuance of unit-based awards		126		—			—			—			—			—
Unit-based awards amortization and vesting, net		—		(3,971	)		—			—			—			(3,971	)
Capital contribution		—		—			227			—			—			227
Warrant settlements		199		(36,650	)		(748	)		(18,291	)		—			(55,689	)
Comprehensive income from unconsolidated investment and other		—		—			—			—			845			845
Balance at March 31, 2024		12,960	$	474,095		$	7,721		$	4,804		$	(2,277	)	$	484,343

⁽¹⁾	Net income includes $2.15 million of income attributable to preferred unitholders that accumulated during the period, of which $2.11 million is allocated to the common unitholders and $0.04 million is allocated to the general partner.

											*Accumulated*
											*Other*			*Total*
	*Common Unitholders*					*General*			*Warrant*		*Comprehensive*			*Partners'*
(In thousands)	*Units*		*Amounts*			*Partner*			*Holders*		*Income (Loss)*			*Capital*
Balance at December 31, 2022		12,506	$	404,799		$	5,977		$	47,964	$	18,717		$	477,457
Net income ⁽¹⁾		—		77,690			1,585			—		—			79,275
Redemption of preferred units		—		(15,904	)		(324	)		—		—			(16,228	)
Distributions to common unitholders and the general partner		—		(40,082	)		(818	)		—		—			(40,900	)
Distributions to preferred unitholders		—		(7,924	)		(162	)		—		—			(8,086	)
Issuance of unit-based awards		129		—			—			—		—			—
Unit-based awards amortization and vesting, net		—		(1,178	)		—			—		—			(1,178	)
Capital contribution		—		—			142			—		—			142
Comprehensive loss from unconsolidated investment and other		—		—			—			—		(19,583	)		(19,583	)
Balance at March 31, 2023		12,635	$	417,401		$	6,400		$	47,964	$	(866	)	$	470,899

⁽¹⁾	Net income includes ~~$6.7~~$6.66 million of income attributable to preferred unitholders that accumulated during the period, of which ~~$6.5~~$6.53 million is allocated to the common unitholders and ~~$0.1~~$0.13 million is allocated to the general partner.

Accumulated

Other

Total

Common Unitholders

General

Warrant

Comprehensive

Partners'

(In thousands)

Units

Amounts

Partner

Holders

Income

Capital

Balance at December 31, 2021
12,351 $ 203,062 $ 1,787 $ 47,964 $ 3,211 $ 256,024
Net income ⁽¹⁾
— 62,621 1,278 — — 63,899
Distributions to common unitholders and the general partner
— (5,559 ) (113 ) — — (5,672 )
Distributions to preferred unitholders
— (7,603 ) (155 ) — — (7,758 )
Issuance of unit-based awards
155 — — — — —
Unit-based awards amortization and vesting, net
— (1,754 ) — — — (1,754 )
Capital contribution
— — 112 — — 112
Comprehensive income from unconsolidated investment and other
— — — — 2,545 2,545
Balance at March 31, 2022
12,506 $ 250,767 $ 2,909 $ 47,964 $ 5,756 $ 307,396

⁽¹⁾	Net income includes $7.5 million of income attributable to preferred unitholders that accumulated during the period, of which $7.4 million is allocated to the common unitholders and $0.2 million is allocated to the general partner.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*						*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*			*2022*			*2024*			*2023*
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	79,275		$	63,899		$	56,213		$	79,275
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		4,083			3,868			4,654			4,083
Distributions from unconsolidated investment		10,780			13,230			14,210			10,780
Equity earnings from unconsolidated investment		(19,254	)		(14,837	)		(5,450	)		(19,254	)
Gain on asset sales and disposals		(96	)		—			(165	)		(96	)
Asset impairments		—			19
Bad debt expense		(610	)		1,028			(813	)		(610	)
Unit-based compensation expense		2,491			1,448			2,964			2,491
Amortization of debt issuance costs and other		25			375			(749	)		25
Change in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		7,061			(7,579	)		9,433			7,061
Accounts payable		(541	)		(60	)		629			(541	)
Accrued liabilities		(8,805	)		(7,156	)		(8,225	)		(8,805	)
Accrued interest		263			7,250			412			263
Deferred revenue		(154	)		(7,316	)		1,028			(154	)
Other items, net		(1,618	)		(1,838	)		(2,642	)		(1,618	)
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	72,900		$	52,331		$	71,499		$	72,900

Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from asset sales and disposals	$	101		$	—		$	165		$	101
Return of long-term contract receivable		598			—			647			598
Capital expenditures		(2	)		—			—			(2	)
Net cash provided by investing activities	$	697		$	—		$	812		$	697

Cash flows from financing activities
Debt borrowings	$	94,200		$	—		$	89,357		$	94,200
Debt repayments		(89,696	)		(16,697	)		(55,696	)		(89,696	)
Distributions to common unitholders and the general partner		(40,900	)		(5,672	)		(42,186	)		(40,900	)
Distributions to preferred unitholders		(7,500	)		(7,500	)		(2,150	)		(8,086	)
Redemption of preferred units		(48,085	)		—			—			(47,499	)
Redemption of preferred units paid-in-kind		—			(19,579	)
Warrant settlements (see Note 3)								(55,689	)		—
Other items, net		(3,052	)		(2,813	)		(6,946	)		(3,052	)
Net cash used in financing activities	$	(95,033	)	$	(52,261	)	$	(73,310	)	$	(95,033	)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	(21,436	)	$	70
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents							$	(999	)	$	(21,436	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		39,091			135,520			11,989			39,091
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	17,655		$	135,590		$	10,990		$	17,655

Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest	$	2,474		$	1,644		$	2,843		$	2,474

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Basis of Presentation

Nature of Business

Natural Resource Partners L.P. (the "Partnership") engages principally in the business of owning, managing and leasing a diversified portfolio of mineral properties in the United States, including interests in coal and other natural resources and owns a non-controlling 49% interest in Sisecam Wyoming LLC ("Sisecam Wyoming"), a trona ore mining and soda ash production business. The Partnership is organized into two operating segments further described in Note 6. Segment Information. The Partnership’s operations are conducted through, and its operating assets are owned by, its subsidiaries. The Partnership owns its subsidiaries through one wholly owned operating company, NRP (Operating) LLC ("Opco"). As used in these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the terms "NRP," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Natural Resource Partners L.P. and its subsidiaries, unless otherwise stated or indicated by context.

Principles of Consolidation and Reporting

The accompanying unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Partnership have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements for the year ended December 31, ~~2022~~2023 and notes thereto included in the Partnership's Annual Report on Form 10-K, which was filed with the SEC on March ~~3, 2023.~~7, 2024. Reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts in the Consolidated Financial Statements to conform with current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on previously reported total assets, total liabilities, partners' capital, net income, or cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities.

Recently ~~Adopted~~Issued Accounting Standard

OnIn ~~January 1,~~November 2023, ~~NRP adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU")~~the FASB issued ASU ~~2020~~No.2023-~~06,~~07—Segment ~~Debt – Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic~~Reporting (Topic ~~470~~280)—Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-2007") ~~and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic~~ ~~815~~-40~~) (“ASU~~ ~~2020~~-06)”. The amendments in ASU ~~includes targeted improvements~~2023-07 improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about segment expenses. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and quarterly periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and will be adopted retrospectively to ~~earnings per share, which~~all prior periods presented in the ~~Partnership adopted on a modified retrospective basis. The~~financial statements. NRP does not expect the adoption of ~~this~~ ASU ~~did~~ ~~not~~2023-07 to have a material ~~impact~~effect on ~~the Partnership’s~~its Consolidated Financial Statements. ~~See~~ ~~Note~~ 5. ~~Net Income Per Common Unit~~ ~~for the calculations of our basic and diluted net income per common unit. See~~ ~~Note~~ 3. ~~Class A Convertible Preferred Units and Warrants~~ ~~for disclosures related to our convertible preferred units and warrants.~~

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

2. Revenues from Contracts with Customers

The following table presents the Partnership's Mineral Rights segment revenues from contracts with customers by major source:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,

(In thousands)

2023

2022

Coal royalty revenues
$ 58,023 $ 55,449
Production lease minimum revenues
613 1,592
Minimum lease straight-line revenues
4,503 4,783
Carbon neutral initiative revenues
2,118 —
Property tax revenues
1,470 1,472
Wheelage revenues
3,869 3,717
Coal overriding royalty revenues
188 258
Lease amendment revenues
851 880
Aggregates royalty revenues
753 770
Oil and gas royalty revenues
3,588 1,814
Other revenues
295 348
Royalty and other mineral rights revenues
$ 76,271 $ 71,083
Transportation and processing services revenues ⁽¹⁾
3,598 3,796
Total Mineral Rights segment revenues
$ 79,869 $ 74,879

⁽¹⁾

~~Transportation and processing services revenues from contracts with customers as defined under ASC~~ ~~606~~ ~~was $2.9 million and $3.1 million for the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~March 31, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~2022~~~~, respectively. The remaining transportation and processing services revenues of $0.7 million and $0.7 million for the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~March 31, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~2022~~~~, respectively, related to other NRP-owned infrastructure leased to and operated by~~ ~~third~~~~-party operators accounted for under other guidance. See~~ ~~Note~~ ~~15.~~ ~~Financing Transactionfor more information.~~

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands)	*2024*		*2023*
Coal royalty revenues	$	46,818	$	58,023
Production lease minimum revenues		924		613
Minimum lease straight-line revenues		4,171		4,503
Carbon neutral initiative revenues		2,161		2,118
Property tax revenues		1,892		1,470
Wheelage revenues		2,672		3,869
Coal overriding royalty revenues		1,169		188
Lease amendment revenues		702		851
Aggregates royalty revenues		772		753
Oil and gas royalty revenues		3,640		3,588
Other revenues		653		295
Royalty and other mineral rights revenues	$	65,574	$	76,271
Transportation and processing services revenues		2,836		2,933
Total Mineral Rights segment revenues from contracts with customers	$	68,410	$	79,204

The following table details the Partnership's Mineral Rights segment receivables and liabilities resulting from contracts with customers:

	*March 31,*		*December 31,*		*March 31,*		*December 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*		*2022*		*2024*		*2023*
Receivables
Accounts receivable, net	$	32,706	$	39,004	$	29,978	$	37,206
Other current assets, net ⁽¹⁾		1,947		—		2,221		429
Other long-term assets, net ⁽²⁾		75		75

Contract liabilities
Current portion of deferred revenue	$	7,450	$	6,256	$	5,635	$	4,599
Deferred revenue		38,833		40,181		38,348		38,356

⁽¹⁾	Other current assets, net includes short-term notes receivables from contracts with customers.

⁽²⁾	~~Other long-term assets, net includes long-term lease amendment fee receivables from contracts with customers.~~

The following table shows the activity related to the Partnership's Mineral Rights segment deferred revenue:

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*						*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*			*2022*			*2024*			*2023*
Balance at beginning of period (current and non-current)	$	46,437		$	61,862		$	42,955		$	46,437
Increase due to minimums and lease amendment fees		7,770			5,059			6,979			7,770
Recognition of previously deferred revenue		(7,924	)		(12,375	)		(5,951	)		(7,924	)
Balance at end of period (current and non-current)	$	46,283		$	54,546		$	43,983		$	46,283

The Partnership's non-cancelable annual minimum payments due under the lease terms of its coal and aggregates royalty leases are as follows as of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 (in thousands):

Lease Term ⁽¹⁾	*Weighted Average Remaining Years*	*Annual Minimum Payments*		*Weighted Average Remaining Years*		*Annual Minimum Payments*
0 - 5 years	1.9	$	21,939		1.9	$	17,362
5 - 10 years	3.3		7,547		6.3		17,237
10+ years	12.3		27,121		11.8		25,779
Total	7.1	$	56,607		7.4	$	60,378

⁽¹⁾	Lease term does not include renewal periods.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

3. Class A Convertible Preferred Units and Warrants

On March 2, 2017, NRP issued $250 million of Class A Convertible Preferred Units representing limited partner interests in NRP (the "preferred units") to certain entities controlled by funds affiliated with The Blackstone Group Inc. (collectively referred to as "Blackstone") and certain affiliates of GoldenTree Asset Management LP (collectively referred to as "GoldenTree") (together the "preferred purchasers") pursuant to a Preferred Unit and Warrant Purchase Agreement. NRP issued 250,000 preferred units to the preferred purchasers at a price of $1,000 per preferred unit (the "per unit purchase price"), less a 2.5% structuring and origination fee. The preferred units entitle the preferred purchasers to receive cumulative distributions at a rate of 12% of the purchase price per year, up to one half of which NRP may pay in additional preferred units (such additional preferred units, the "PIK units"). The preferred units have a perpetual term, unless converted or redeemed as described below.

NRP also issued two tranches of warrants (the "warrants") to purchase common units to the preferred purchasers (warrants to purchase 1.75 million common units with a strike price of $22.81 and warrants to purchase 2.25 million common units with a strike price of $34.00). The warrants may be exercised by the holders thereof at any time before the eighth anniversary of the closing date. Upon exercise of the warrants, NRP may, at its option, elect to settle the warrants in common units or cash, each on a net basis. However, in the first quarter of 2024 the remaining warrants were settled and none of the Partnership's warrants remain outstanding as of April 18, 2024.

After March 2, 2022 and prior to March 2, 2025, the holders of the preferred units may elect to convert up to 33% of the outstanding preferred units in any 12-month period into common units if the volume weighted average trading price of our common units (the "VWAP") for the 30 trading days immediately prior to date notice is provided is greater than $51.00. In such case, the number of common units to be issued upon conversion would be equal to the per unit purchase price plus the value of any accrued and unpaid distributions divided by an amount equal to a 7.5% discount to the VWAP for the 30 trading days immediately prior to the notice of conversion. Rather than have the preferred units convert to common units in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph, NRP would have the option to elect to redeem the preferred units proposed to be converted for cash at a price equal to the per unit purchase price plus the value of any accrued and unpaid distributions.

On or after March 2, 2025, the holders of the preferred units may elect to convert the preferred units to common units at a conversion rate equal to the Liquidation Value divided by an amount equal to a 10% discount to the VWAP for the 30 trading days immediately prior to the notice of conversion. The “liquidation value” will be an amount equal to the greater of: (1) (a) the per unit purchase price multiplied by (i) prior to March 2, 2020, 1.50, (ii) on or after March 2, 2020 and prior to March 2, 2021, 1.70 and (iii) on or after March 2, 2021, 1.85, less (b)(i) all preferred unit distributions previously made by NRP and (ii) all cash payments previously made in respect of redemption of any PIK units; and (2) the per unit purchase price plus the value of all accrued and unpaid distributions.

To the extent the holders of the preferred units have not elected to convert their preferred units before March 2, 2029, NRP has the right to force conversion of the preferred units at a price equal to the liquidation value divided by an amount equal to a 10% discount to the VWAP for the 30 trading days immediately prior to the notice of conversion.

In addition, NRP has the ability to redeem at any time (subject to compliance with its debt agreements) all or any portion of the preferred units and any outstanding PIK units for cash. The redemption price for each outstanding PIK unit is $1,000 plus the value of any accrued and unpaid distributions per PIK unit. The redemption price for each preferred unit is the liquidation value divided by the number of outstanding preferred units. The preferred units are redeemable at the option of the preferred purchasers only upon a change in control.

The terms of the preferred units contain certain restrictions on NRP's ability to pay distributions on its common units. To the extent that either (i) NRP's consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Partnership's Fifth Amended and Restated Partnership Agreement dated March 2, 2017 (the ~~"restated partnership agreement"~~"Restated Partnership Agreement"), is greater than 3.25x, or (ii) the ratio of NRP's Distributable Cash Flow (as defined in the Restated Partnership Agreement) to cash distributions made or proposed to be made is less than 1.2x (in each case, with respect to the most recently completed four-quarter period), NRP may not increase the quarterly distribution above $0.45 per quarter without the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding preferred units. In addition, if at any time after January 1, 2022, any PIK units are outstanding, NRP may not make distributions on its common units until it has redeemed all PIK units for cash.

The holders of the preferred units have the right to vote with holders of NRP’s common units on an as-converted basis and have other customary approval rights with respect to changes of the terms of the preferred units. In addition, pursuant to the Restated Partnership Agreement, Blackstone ~~has~~had certain approval rights over certain matters as identified in the ~~restated partnership agreement.~~Restated Partnership Agreement. GoldenTree ~~also~~ has ~~more~~ limited approval rights that ~~will expand once~~expanded when Blackstone's ownership ~~goes~~fell below the minimum preferred unit threshold (as defined below). These approval rights are not transferrable without NRP's ~~consent. In addition, the approval rights held by Blackstone~~consent and ~~GoldenTree will~~ terminate at such time that Blackstone (together with their affiliates) or GoldenTree (together with their affiliates), as applicable, no longer own at least 20% of the total number of preferred units issued on the closing date, together with all PIK units that have been issued but not redeemed (the "minimum preferred unit threshold").

At the closing, pursuant to the Board ~~Representation and Observation~~ Rights Agreement, the Preferred Purchasers received certain board appointment and observation rights, and Blackstone appointed one director and one observer to the Board of Directors. However, in 2023, we repurchased all of Blackstone's preferred units which were subsequently retired and no longer remain outstanding, and all rights of Blackstone related thereto ceased as a result. In connection with the repurchase, Blackstone's board designee resigned from the Board of Directors. GoldenTree did not exercise its one-time option pursuant to the Board Rights Agreement to appoint either a director or an observer to the Board of Directors within 30 days of receipt of notice that Blackstone (and their affiliates) no longer own the Minimum Preferred Unit Threshold and GoldenTree no longer has the right to appoint either a director or an observer to the Board of Directors.

NRP also entered into a registration rights agreement (the "preferred unit and warrant registration rights agreement") with the preferred purchasers, pursuant to which NRP is required to file (i) a shelf registration statement to register the common units issuable upon exercise of the warrants and to cause such registration statement to become effective not later than 90 days following the closing date and (ii) a shelf registration statement to register the common units issuable upon conversion of the preferred units and to cause such registration statement to become effective not later than the earlier of the fifth anniversary of the closing date or 90 days following the first issuance of any common units upon conversion of preferred ~~units (the "registration deadlines").~~units. In addition, the preferred unit and warrant registration rights agreement gives the preferred purchasers piggyback registration and demand underwritten offering rights under certain circumstances. The shelf registration statement to register the common units issuable upon exercise of the warrants became effective on April 20, 2017. ~~If the~~The shelf registration statement to register the common units issuable upon ~~conversion~~exercise of the preferred units isbecame effective on ~~not~~February 11, 2022. effective by the applicable registration deadline, NRP will be required to pay the preferred purchasers liquidated damages in the amounts and upon the term set forth in the preferred unit and warrant registration rights agreement.

Table of Contents

NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

Accounting for the Preferred Units and Warrants

Classification

The preferred units are accounted for as temporary equity on NRP's Consolidated Balance Sheets due to certain contingent redemption rights that may be exercised at the election of preferred purchasers. The warrants are accounted for as equity on NRP's Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Initial Measurement

The net transaction price was allocated to the preferred units and warrants based on their relative fair values at inception date. NRP allocated the transaction issuance costs to the preferred units and warrants primarily on a pro-rata basis based on their relative inception date allocated values.

Subsequent Measurement

Preferred Units

Subsequent adjustment of the preferred units will not occur until NRP has determined that the conversion or redemption of all or a portion of the preferred units is probable of occurring. Once conversion or redemption becomes probable of occurring, the carrying amount of the preferred units will be accreted to their redemption value over the period from the date the feature is probable of occurring to the date the preferred units can first be converted or redeemed.

In During the ~~February~~three months ended March 31, 2023, the Partnership received a notice from holders of the Class A Preferred Units exercising their right to either convert or redeem, at the election of NRP, an aggregate of 47,499 Class A Preferred Units. The Partnership chose to redeem the preferred units for $47.5 million in cash rather than issuing common units. Of the originally issued 250,000 Class A Preferred Units, ~~202,501~~71,666 Class A Preferred Units ~~remain~~remained outstanding as of March 31, ~~2023.~~

~~Activity related to the preferred units is as follows:~~

Units

Financial

(In thousands, except unit data)

Outstanding

Position

Balance at December 31, 2021
269,321 $ 183,908
Redemption of preferred units paid-in-kind
(19,321 ) (19,321 )
Balance at December 31, 2022
250,000 $ 164,587
Redemption of preferred units
(47,499 ) (31,271 )
Balance at March 31, 2023
202,501 $ 133,316

~~Warrants~~

~~As of~~ ~~March 31, 2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023. ~~there were 3.0 million warrants outstanding, which included warrants to purchase 0.75 million common~~These preferred units ~~at a strike price of $22.81 and warrants to purchase 2.25 million common units with a strike price of $34.00. These warrants~~ had a ~~$48.0~~$47.2 million carrying value included in ~~warrant holders' interest within partners' capital~~class A convertible preferred on the Partnership's Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022.~~ 2023.

Warrants

Subsequent adjustment of the warrants will not occur until the warrants are exercised, at which time, NRP may, at its option, elect to settle the warrants in common units or cash, each on a net basis. The net basis will be equal to the difference between the Partnership's common unit price and the strike price of the warrant. Once warrant exercise occurs, the difference between the carrying amount of the warrants and the net settlement amount will be allocated on a pro-rata basis to the common unitholders and general partner.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Partnership settled a total of 1,219,665 warrants to purchase common units with a strike price of $34.00. On January 29, 2024 (the "January 2024 exercise date"), holders of the Partnership's warrants exercised 462,165 warrants at a strike price of $34.00. The Partnership settled the warrants on a net basis with $10.0 million in cash and 198,767 common units. The 15-day VWAP ending on the business day prior to the January 2024 exercise date was $97.62. On February 7, 2024 (the "February 7, 2024 exercise date"), holders of the Partnership's warrants exercised 128,750 warrants at a strike price of $34.00. The Partnership settled the warrants on a net basis with $8.0 million in cash. The 15-day VWAP ending on the business day prior to the February 7, 2024 exercise date was $96.29. On February 8, 2024 (the "February 8, 2024 exercise date"), holders of the Partnership's warrants exercised 128,750 warrants at a strike price of $34.00. The 15-day VWAP ending on the business day prior to the February 8, 2024 exercise date was $95.63. The Partnership settled these warrants on a net basis with $7.9 million in cash. On February 14, 2024 (the "February 14, 2024 exercise date"), holders of the Partnership's warrants exercised 500,000 warrants at a strike price of $34.00. The 15-day VWAP ending on the business day prior to the February 14, 2024 exercise date was $93.47. The Partnership settled these warrants on a net basis with $29.7 million in cash. Of the originally issued 4,000,000 warrants, 320,335 and 1,540,000 warrants to purchase common units with a strike price of $34.00 remained outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. These warrants had a carrying value of $4.8 million and $23.1 million included in warrant holders' interest within partners' capital on the Partnership's Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. In the first quarter of 2024, the remaining 320,335 warrants were settled and none of the Partnership's warrants remain outstanding as of April 18, 2024. See Note 17. Subsequent Events for more information.

Embedded Features

Certain embedded features within the preferred unit and warrant purchase agreement are accounted for at fair value and are remeasured each quarter. See Note 10. Fair Value Measurements for further information regarding valuation of these embedded derivatives.

Table of Contents

NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

4. Common and Preferred Unit Distributions

The Partnership makes cash distributions to common and preferred unitholders on a quarterly basis, subject to approval by the Board of Directors of GP Natural Resource Partners LLC (the "Board of Directors"). NRP recognizes both common unit and preferred unit distributions on the date the distribution is declared.

Distributions made on the common units and the general partner's general partner ("GP") interest are made on a pro-rata basis in accordance with their relative percentage interests in the Partnership. The general partner is entitled to receive 2% of such distributions.

Income available to common unitholders and the general partner is reduced by preferred unit distributions that accumulated during the period. NRP reduced net income available to common unitholders and the general partner by ~~$6.7~~$2.2 million and ~~$7.5~~$6.7 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively, as a result of accumulated preferred unit distributions earned during the period. Of the $6.7 million in accumulated preferred unit distributions earned during the three months ended March 31, 2023, $0.6 million was paid in February 2023 in connection with the preferred units that were ~~redeemed.~~ redeemed in February 2023. Income available to common unitholders and the general partner is also reduced by the difference between the fair value of the consideration paid upon redemption and the carrying value of the preferred units. As such, NRP reduced net income available to common unitholders and the general partner by $16.2 ~~million~~ during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The following table shows the cash distributions declared and paid to common and preferred unitholders during the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, respectively:

Common Units

Preferred Units

Total Distribution ⁽¹⁾

Total Distribution

Month Paid

Period Covered by Distribution

Distribution per Unit

(In thousands)

Distribution per Unit

(In thousands)

2023

February 2023

October 1 - December 31, 2022
$ 0.75 $ 9,571 $ 30.00 $ 7,500
February 2023 ⁽²⁾

January 1 - February 8, 2023
— — 12.33 586
March 2023 ⁽³⁾

Special Distribution
2.43 31,329 — —

2022

February 2022

October 1 - December 31, 2021
$ 0.45 $ 5,672 $ 30.00 $ 7,500


		*Common Units*				*Preferred Units*
Month Paid	*Period Covered by Distribution*	*Distribution per Unit*		Total Distribution ⁽¹⁾ (In thousands)		*Distribution per Unit*		*Total Distribution (In thousands)*
2024
February	October 1 - December 31, 2023	$	0.75	$	9,918	$	30.00	$	2,150
March ⁽²⁾	Special Distribution		2.44		32,268		—		—

2023
February	October 1 - December 31, 2022	$	0.75	$	9,571	$	30.00	$	7,500
February ⁽³⁾	January 1 - February 8, 2023		—		—		12.33		586
March ⁽⁴⁾	Special Distribution		2.43		31,329		—		—

⁽¹⁾	Totals include the amount paid to NRP's general partner in accordance with the general partner's 2% general partner interest.
⁽²⁾	Special distribution was made to help cover unitholder tax liabilities associated with owning NRP's common units during 2023.
⁽³⁾	Relates to accrued distribution paid upon the redemption of 47,499 preferred units in February 2023.
⁽³⁴⁾	Special distribution was made to help cover unitholder tax liabilities associated with owning NRP's common units during 2022.

Table of Contents

NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

5. Net Income Per Common Unit

Basic net income per common unit is computed by dividing net income, after considering income attributable to preferred unitholders, the difference between the fair value of the consideration paid upon redemption and the carrying value of the preferred units, and the general partner’s general partner interest, by the weighted average number of common units outstanding. Diluted net income per common unit includes the effect of NRP's preferred units, warrants, and unvested unit-based awards if the inclusion of these items is dilutive.

The dilutive effect of the preferred units is calculated using the if-converted method. Under the if-converted method, the preferred units are assumed to be converted at the beginning of the period, and the resulting common units are included in the denominator of the diluted net income per unit calculation for the period being presented. Distributions declared in the period and undeclared distributions on the preferred units that accumulated during the period are added back to the numerator for purposes of the if-converted calculation. The calculation of diluted net income per common unit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 includes the assumed conversion of the remaining preferred ~~units while it does~~ ~~not~~ ~~include the assumed conversion of the preferred units that were redeemed during the~~ ~~first~~ ~~quarter of~~ ~~2023~~ ~~as the inclusion of these units would be anti-dilutive.~~units. The calculation of diluted net income per common unit for the three months ended March 31, ~~2022~~2023 ~~includes~~does not include the assumed conversion of the preferred ~~units.~~units that were redeemed during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as the inclusion of these units would be anti-dilutive.

The dilutive effect of the warrants is calculated using the treasury stock method, which assumes that the proceeds from the exercise of these instruments are used to purchase common units at the average market price for the period. The calculation of diluted net income per common unit for the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 includes the net settlement of warrants to purchase 320,335 common units with a strike price of $34.00. The calculation of diluted net income per common unit for the three ~~and~~months ended ~~2022~~March 31,2023 includes the net settlement of warrants to purchase ~~0.75 million~~752,500 common units at a strike price of $22.81 and the net settlement of warrants to purchase ~~2.25~~2,250,000 million common units with a strike price of ~~$34.00.~~$34.00.

The following table reconciles the numerator and denominator of the basic and diluted net income per common unit computations and calculates basic and diluted net income per common unit:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,

(In thousands, except per unit data)

2023

2022

Basic net income per common unit

Net income attributable to common unitholders
$ 55,258 $ 55,271
Weighted average common units—basic
12,570 12,415
Basic net income per common unit
$ 4.40 $ 4.45

Diluted net income per common unit

Weighted average common units—basic
12,570 12,415
Plus: dilutive effect of preferred units
3,778 6,974
Plus: dilutive effect of warrants
1,255 531
Plus: dilutive effect of unvested unit-based awards
209 240
Weighted average common units—diluted
17,812 20,160

Net income
$ 79,275 $ 63,899
Less: income attributable to preferred unitholders
(586 ) —
Less: redemption of preferred units
(16,228 ) —
Diluted net income attributable to common unitholders and the general partner
$ 62,461 $ 63,899
Less: diluted net income attributable to the general partner
(1,249 ) (1,278 )
Diluted net income attributable to common unitholders
$ 61,212 $ 62,621

Diluted net income per common unit
$ 3.44 $ 3.11

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands, except per unit data)	*2024*			*2023*
Basic net income per common unit
Net income attributable to common unitholders	$	52,982		$	55,258
Weighted average common units—basic		12,832			12,570
Basic net income per common unit	$	4.13		$	4.40

Diluted net income per common unit
Weighted average common units—basic		12,832			12,570
Plus: dilutive effect of preferred units		775			3,778
Plus: dilutive effect of warrants		521			1,255
Plus: dilutive effect of unvested unit-based awards		265			209
Weighted average common units—diluted		14,393			17,812

Net income	$	56,213		$	79,275
Less: income attributable to preferred unitholders		—			(586	)
Less: redemption of preferred units		—			(16,228	)
Diluted net income attributable to common unitholders and the general partner	$	56,213		$	62,461
Less: diluted net income attributable to the general partner		(1,124	)		(1,249	)
Diluted net income attributable to common unitholders	$	55,089		$	61,212

Diluted net income per common unit	$	3.83		$	3.44

Table of Contents

NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

6. Segment Information

The Partnership's segments are strategic business units that offer distinct products and services to different customers in different geographies within the U.S. and that are managed accordingly. NRP has the following two operating segments:

Mineral Rights—consists of mineral interests and other subsurface rights across the United States. NRP's ownership provides critical inputs for the manufacturing of steel, electricity and basic building materials, as well as opportunities for carbon sequestration and renewable energy. The Partnership is working to strategically redefine its business as a key player in the transitional energy economy in the years to come.

Soda Ash—consists of the Partnership's 49% non-controlling equity interest in Sisecam Wyoming, a trona ore mining operation and soda ash refinery in the Green River Basin of Wyoming. Sisecam Wyoming mines trona and processes it into soda ash that is sold both domestically and internationally to the glass and chemicals industries.

Direct segment costs and certain other costs incurred at the corporate level that are identifiable and that benefit the Partnership's segments are allocated to the operating segments accordingly. These allocated costs generally include salaries and benefits, insurance, property taxes, legal, royalty, information technology and shared facilities services and are included in operating and maintenance expenses on the Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Corporate and Financing includes functional corporate departments that do not earn revenues. Costs incurred by these departments include interest and financing, corporate headquarters and overhead, centralized treasury, legal and accounting and other corporate-level activity not specifically allocated to a segment and are included in general and administrative expenses on the Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

The following table summarizes certain financial information for each of the Partnership's business segments:

Operating Segments

(In thousands)

Mineral Rights

Soda Ash

Corporate and Financing

Total

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023

Revenues
$ 79,869 $ 19,254 $ — $ 99,123
Gain on asset sales and disposals
96 — — 96
Operating and maintenance expenses
7,005 158 — 7,163
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
4,079 — 4 4,083
General and administrative expenses
— — 5,845 5,845
Asset impairments
— — — —
Interest expense, net
— — 2,853 2,853
Net income (loss)
68,881 19,096 (8,702 ) 79,275

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022

Revenues
$ 74,879 $ 14,837 $ — $ 89,716
Operating and maintenance expenses
8,025 51 — 8,076
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
3,868 — — 3,868
General and administrative expenses
— — 4,467 4,467
Asset impairments
19 — — 19
Interest expense, net
— — 9,387 9,387
Net income (loss)
62,967 14,786 (13,854 ) 63,899

	*Operating Segments*
(In thousands)	*Mineral Rights*		*Soda Ash*		*Corporate and Financing*			*Total*
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
Revenues	$	70,799	$	5,450	$	—		$	76,249
Gain on asset sales and disposals		165		—		—			165
Operating and maintenance expenses		5,671		62		—			5,733
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		4,649		—		5			4,654
General and administrative expenses		—		—		6,327			6,327
Interest expense, net		—		—		3,487			3,487
Net income (loss)		60,644		5,388		(9,819	)		56,213

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
Revenues	$	79,869	$	19,254	$	—		$	99,123
Gain on asset sales and disposals		96		—		—			96
Operating and maintenance expenses		7,005		158		—			7,163
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		4,079		—		4			4,083
General and administrative expenses		—		—		5,845			5,845
Interest expense, net		—		—		2,853			2,853
Net income (loss)		68,881		19,096		(8,702	)		79,275

Table of Contents

NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

7. Equity Investment

The Partnership accounts for its 49% investment in Sisecam Wyoming using the equity method of accounting. Activity related to this investment is as follows:

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*						*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*			*2022*			*2024*			*2023*
Balance at beginning of period	$	306,470		$	276,004		$	276,549		$	306,470
Income allocation to NRP’s equity interests ⁽¹⁾		20,364			16,065			6,646			20,364
Amortization of basis difference		(1,110	)		(1,228	)		(1,196	)		(1,110	)
Other comprehensive income (loss)		(19,583	)		2,545			845			(19,583	)
Distribution		(10,780	)		(13,230	)
Distributions								(14,210	)		(10,780	)
Balance at end of period	$	295,361		$	280,156		$	268,634		$	295,361

⁽¹⁾	Amounts reclassified into income out of accumulated other comprehensive loss were ~~$20.6~~$1.6 million and ~~$1.7~~$(20.6) million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023,, respectively.

The following table represents summarized financial information for Sisecam Wyoming as derived from their respective unaudited financial statements for the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023:

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*				*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*		*2022*		*2024*		*2023*
Net sales	$	207,128	$	163,437	$	130,431	$	207,128
Gross profit		49,055		39,765		21,133		49,055
Net income		41,560		32,786		13,563		41,560

8. Mineral Rights, Net

The Partnership’s mineral rights consist of the following:

	*March 31, 2023*							*December 31, 2022*							*March 31, 2024*							*December 31, 2023*
(In thousands)	*Carrying Value*		*Accumulated Depletion*			*Net Book Value*		*Carrying Value*		*Accumulated Depletion*			*Net Book Value*		*Carrying Value*		*Accumulated Depletion*			*Net Book Value*		*Carrying Value*		*Accumulated Depletion*			*Net Book Value*
Coal properties	$	661,812	$	(272,743	)	$	389,069	$	661,812	$	(269,037	)	$	392,775	$	661,256	$	(289,570	)	$	371,686	$	661,256	$	(285,470	)	$	375,786
Aggregates properties		8,655		(3,520	)		5,135		8,655		(3,410	)		5,245		8,655		(3,848	)		4,807		8,655		(3,761	)		4,894
Oil and gas royalty properties		12,354		(9,720	)		2,634		12,354		(9,600	)		2,754		12,354		(10,203	)		2,151		12,354		(10,082	)		2,272
Other		13,145		(1,612	)		11,533		13,150		(1,612	)		11,538		13,143		(1,611	)		11,532		13,143		(1,612	)		11,531
Total mineral rights, net	$	695,966	$	(287,595	)	$	408,371	$	695,971	$	(283,659	)	$	412,312	$	695,408	$	(305,232	)	$	390,176	$	695,408	$	(300,925	)	$	394,483

Depletion expense related to the Partnership’s mineral rights is included in depreciation, depletion and amortization on its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and totaled ~~$3.9~~$4.3 million and ~~$3.7~~$3.9 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

The Partnership has developed procedures to evaluate its long-lived assets for possible impairment periodically or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate an asset's net book value may not be recoverable. Potential events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, specific events such as a reduction in economically recoverable reserves or production ceasing on a property for an extended period. This analysis is based on historic, current and future performance and considers both quantitative and qualitative information. As a result of the ~~analysis, the Partnership did~~Partnership's analyses, NRP had ~~not~~no ~~have any asset impairments during the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~March 31, 2023~~ ~~and recorded an immaterial~~ impairment expense during the three months ended March 31, ~~2022.~~2024

and 2023.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

9. Debt, Net

The Partnership's debt consists of the following:

	*March 31,*			*December 31,*			*March 31,*			*December 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*			*2022*			*2024*			*2023*
Opco credit facility	$	91,200		$	70,000
Opco Credit Facility							$	146,191		$	95,834
Opco Senior Notes
5.55% with semi-annual interest payments in June and December, with annual principal payments in June, due June 2023	$	2,366		$	2,366
4.73% with semi-annual interest payments in June and December, with annual principal payments in December, due December 2023		6,004			6,004
5.82% with semi-annual interest payments in March and September, with annual principal payments in March, due March 2024		12,684			25,368		$	—		$	12,685
8.92% with semi-annual interest payments in March and September, with annual principal payments in March, due March 2024		4,011			8,023			—			4,012
5.03% with semi-annual interest payments in June and December, with annual principal payments in December, due December 2026		45,683			45,683			34,262			34,262
5.18% with semi-annual interest payments in June and December, with annual principal payments in December, due December 2026		11,643			11,643			8,732			8,732
Total Opco Senior Notes	$	82,391		$	99,087		$	42,994		$	59,691
Total debt at face value	$	173,591		$	169,087		$	189,185		$	155,525
Net unamortized debt issuance costs		(715	)		(806	)		(388	)		(467	)
Total debt, net	$	172,876		$	168,281		$	188,797		$	155,058
Less: current portion of long-term debt		(39,055	)		(39,076	)		(14,202	)		(30,785	)
Total long-term debt, net	$	133,821		$	129,205		$	174,595		$	124,273

Opco Debt

All of Opco’s debt is guaranteed by its wholly owned subsidiaries and is secured by certain of the assets of Opco and its wholly owned subsidiaries, other than BRP LLC and NRP Trona LLC. As of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023, Opco was in compliance with the terms of the financial covenants contained in its debt agreements.

Opco Credit Facility

In ~~August 2022,~~May 2023, the Partnership entered into the ~~Fifth~~Sixth Amendment (the ~~"Fifth~~"Sixth Amendment) to the Opco Credit Facility (the "Opco Credit Facility"). The ~~Fifth~~Sixth Amendment ~~extended~~maintained the term of the Opco Credit Facility until August 2027. Lender commitments under the Opco Credit Facility increased from $130.0 million to ~~$130.0~~$155.0 million, with the ability to expand such commitments to $200.0 million with the addition of future commitments. In February 2024, the Partnership exercised its option under the Opco Credit Facility to increase the total aggregate commitment under the Opco Credit Facility twice, initially by $30.0 million from $155.0 million to $185.0 million and subsequently by $15.0 million from $185.0 million to $200.0 million. These increases in the total aggregate commitment were made pursuant to an accordion feature of the Opco Credit Facility. In connection with the initial increase, a new lender joined the lending group with a commitment of $30.0 million. The Opco Credit Facility continues to operate under its existing terms and conditions in all material respects. The Sixth Amendment also includes modifications to Opco’s ability to declare and make certain restricted payments. The Opco Credit Facility contains financial covenants requiring Opco to maintain:

•

A leverage ratio of consolidated indebtedness to EBITDDA (in each case as defined in the Opco Credit Facility) not to exceed 3.0x; provided, and

•

an interest coverage ratio of consolidated EBITDDA to the sum of consolidated interest expense and consolidated lease expense (in each case as defined in the Opco Credit Facility) of not less than 3.5 to 1.0.

As of December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Partnership had ~~$70.0~~$95.8 million in borrowings outstanding under the Opco Credit ~~Facility.~~ Facility and $59.2 million of available borrowing capacity. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the Partnership borrowed $89.4 million and repaid $39.0 million, resulting in $146.2 million in borrowings outstanding under the Opco Credit Facility and $53.8 million of available borrowing capacity as of March 31, 2024. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Partnership borrowed $94.2 million and repaid $73.0 million ~~resulting in $91.2 million in borrowings outstanding under~~on the Opco Credit ~~Facility as of~~ ~~March 31, 2023.~~ Facility. The weighted average interest rate for the borrowings outstanding under the Opco Credit Facility for the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~ ~~was 8.14%. During the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~March 31, 2022,~~ ~~the Partnership did~~ ~~not~~2024 ~~have any borrowings outstanding under the Opco Credit Facility. The Partnership had $38.8 million and $60.0 million of available borrowing capacity as of~~ ~~March 31, 2023~~ and ~~December 31, 2022,~~ 2023 was 8.94% and 8.14%, respectively.

The Opco Credit Facility is collateralized and secured by liens on certain of Opco’s assets with carrying values of ~~$323.0~~$312.4 million and ~~$326.4~~$316.3 million classified as mineral rights, net and other long-term assets, net and $25.6 million and $26.3 million classified as long-term contract receivable, net on the Partnership’s Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023, respectively.

Opco Senior Notes

Opco has issued several series of private placement senior notes (the "Opco Senior Notes") with various interest rates and principal due dates. As of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023, the Opco Senior Notes had cumulative principal balances of ~~$82.4~~$43.0 million and ~~$99.1~~$59.7 million, respectively. Opco made mandatory principal payments of $16.7 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~.

The 8.92% Opco Senior Notes also provides that in the event that Opco’s leverage ratio of consolidated indebtedness to consolidated EBITDDA (as defined in the Note Purchase Agreements) exceeds 3.75 to ~~1.00~~ ~~at the end of any fiscal quarter, then in addition to all other interest accruing on these notes, additional interest in the amount of 2.00% per annum shall accrue on the notes for the~~ ~~two~~ ~~succeeding quarters and for as long thereafter as the leverage ratio remains above~~ ~~3.75~~ to ~~1.00.~~ ~~Opco has~~ ~~not~~ ~~exceeded the 3.75 to~~ ~~1.00~~ ~~ratio at the end of any fiscal quarter through~~ ~~March 31,~~ 2023.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

10. Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities

The Partnership’s financial assets and liabilities consist of cash and cash equivalents, a contract receivable and debt. The carrying amounts reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. The Partnership uses available market data and valuation methodologies to estimate the fair value of its debt and contract receivable.

The following table shows the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Partnership's debt and contract receivable:

			*March 31, 2023*				*December 31, 2022*						*March 31, 2024*				*December 31, 2023*
	*Fair Value*		*Carrying*		*Estimated*		*Carrying*		*Estimated*		*Fair Value*		*Carrying*		*Estimated*		*Carrying*		*Estimated*
(In thousands)	*Hierarchy Level*		*Value*		*Fair Value*		*Value*		*Fair Value*		*Hierarchy Level*		*Value*		*Fair Value*		*Value*		*Fair Value*
Debt:
Opco Senior Notes ⁽¹⁾		3	$	81,676	$	77,587	$	98,281	$	96,060		3	$	42,606	$	39,971	$	59,224	$	56,533
Opco Credit Facility ⁽²⁾		3		91,200		91,200		70,000		70,000		3		146,191		146,191		95,834		95,384

Assets:
Contract receivable, net (current and long-term) ⁽³⁾		3	$	30,783	$	25,615	$	31,371	$	24,833		3	$	28,309	$	24,071	$	28,946	$	24,492

⁽¹⁾	The fair value of the Opco Senior Notes at ~~March 31, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~December 31, 2022~~ ~~were~~was estimated by management utilizing the present value replacement method incorporating the interest rate of the Opco Credit ~~facility at~~ ~~March 31, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~December 31, 2022,~~ ~~respectively.~~Facility.
⁽²⁾	The fair value of the Opco Credit Facility approximates the outstanding borrowing amount because the interest rates are variable and reflective of market rates and the terms of the credit facility allow the Partnership to repay the debt at any time without penalty.

⁽³⁾	The fair value of the Partnership's contract receivable is determined based on the present value of future cash flow projections related to the underlying asset at a discount rate of 15% at March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023.

NRP has embedded derivatives in the preferred units related to certain conversion options, redemption features and the change of control provision that are accounted for separately from the preferred units as assets and liabilities at fair value on the Partnership's Consolidated Balance Sheets. Level 3 valuation of the embedded derivatives are based on numerous factors including the likelihood of the event occurring. The embedded derivatives are revalued quarterly and changes in their fair value would be recorded in other expenses, net on the Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The embedded derivatives had zero value as of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023.

11. Related Party Transactions

Affiliates of our General Partner

The Partnership’s general partner does not receive any management fee or other compensation for its management of NRP. However, in accordance with the partnership agreement, the general partner and its affiliates are reimbursed for services provided to the Partnership and for expenses incurred on the Partnership’s behalf. Employees of Quintana Minerals Corporation ("QMC") and Western Pocahontas Properties Limited Partnership ("WPPLP"), affiliates of the Partnership, provide their services to manage the Partnership's business. QMC and WPPLP charge the Partnership the portion of their employee salary and benefits costs related to their employee services provided to NRP. These QMC and WPPLP employee management service costs are presented as operating and maintenance expenses and general and administrative expenses on the Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. NRP also reimburses overhead costs incurred by its affiliates, including Quintana Infrastructure Development ("QID"), to manage the Partnership's business. These overhead costs include certain rent, information technology, administration of employee benefits and other corporate services incurred by or on behalf of the Partnership’s general partner and its affiliates and are presented as operating and maintenance expenses and general and administrative expenses on the Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Direct general and administrative expenses charged to the Partnership by QMC, WPPLP and QID are included on the Partnership's Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income as follows:

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*				*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
(In thousands)	*2023*		*2022*		*2024*		*2023*
Operating and maintenance expenses	$	1,719	$	1,659	$	1,766	$	1,719
General and administrative expenses		1,320		1,240		1,303		1,320

The Partnership had accounts payable to QMC of $0.4 million on its Consolidated Balance Sheets at both March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023, and ~~$0.8~~$0.4 million and ~~$1.0~~$0.2 million of accounts payable to WPPLP at March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023, respectively.

As a result of its office lease with WPPLP, the Partnership has a right-of-use asset and lease liability of $3.5 million included in other long-term assets, net and other non-current liabilities, respectively on its Consolidated Balance Sheets at both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, the Partnership ~~recognized $2.0~~recognized $0.03 million and ~~$1.6~~ $2.0 million, respectively, in operating and maintenance expenses on its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income related to an overriding royalty agreement with WPPLP.

Corbin J. Robertson, Jr. owns 85% of the general partner of Great Northern Properties Limited Partnership ("GNP"), a privately held company primarily engaged in owning and managing mineral properties and surface leases. At both ~~March 31, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~December 31, 2022~~ the Partnership had $0.03 million of accounts receivable from GNP included in accounts receivable, net on its Consolidated Balance Sheets related to amounts collected for surface leases that belong to NRP.

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

12. Major Customers

Revenues from customers that exceeded 10 percent of total revenues for any of the periods presented below are as follows:

	*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*										*For the Three Months Ended March 31,*
	*2023*					*2022*					*2024*					*2023*
(In thousands)	*Revenues*		*Percent*			*Revenues*		*Percent*			*Revenues*		*Percent*			*Revenues*		*Percent*
Alpha Metallurgical Resources, Inc. ⁽¹⁾	$	24,218		24	%	$	27,743		31	%	$	20,902		27	%	$	24,218		24	%
Foresight Energy Resources LLC ("Foresight") ⁽¹⁾	$	12,529		13	%	$	11,250		13	%	$	12,846		17	%	$	12,529		13	%

⁽¹⁾	Revenues from Alpha Metallurgical Resources, Inc. and Foresight are included within the Partnership's Mineral Rights segment.

13. Commitments and Contingencies

NRP is involved, from time to time, in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the ultimate results of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, Partnership management believes these ordinary course matters will not have a material effect on the Partnership’s financial position, liquidity or operations.

14. Unit-Based Compensation

During the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023,the Partnership granted service, performance and market-based awards under its 2017 Long-Term Incentive ~~Plan and during the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended~~ ~~March 31, 2022,~~ ~~the Partnership granted service-based awards.~~Plan. The Partnership's service and performance-based awards are valued using the closing price of NRP's common units as of the grant date while the Partnership's market-based awards are valued using a Monte Carlo simulation. The grant date fair value of these awards granted during three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was $6.7 million and $15.9 million, respectively, which included a grant date fair value of $2.5 and $2.8 million for the market-based awards valued using a Monte Carlo simulation during the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023, ~~was $15.9 million and $7.9 million,~~ respectively. Total unit-based compensation expense associated with these awards was ~~$2.5~~$3.0 million and ~~$1.4~~$2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022,~~2023, respectively, and is included in general and administrative expenses and operating and maintenance expenses on the Partnership's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The unamortized cost associated with unvested outstanding awards as of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 is ~~$20.2~~$17.5 million, which is to be recognized over a weighted average period of ~~2.5~~2.0 years. The unamortized cost associated with unvested outstanding awards as of December 31, ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$6.3~~$13.3 million.

A summary of the unit activity in the outstanding grants during ~~2023~~2024 is as follows:

(In thousands)

Common Units

Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Common Unit

Outstanding at January 1, 2023
386 $ 28.96
Granted
278 $ 56.94
Fully vested and issued
(184 ) $ 26.30
Outstanding at March 31, 2023
480 $ 46.20

(In thousands)	*Common Units*			*Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Common Unit*
Outstanding at January 1, 2024		483		$	46.21
Granted		65		$	103.50
Fully vested and issued		(197	)	$	38.76
Outstanding at March 31, 2024		351		$	60.91

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NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—CONTINUED

(Unaudited)

15. Financing Transaction

The Partnership owns rail loadout and associated infrastructure at the Sugar Camp mine in the Illinois Basin operated by a subsidiary of Foresight. The infrastructure at the Sugar Camp mine is leased to a subsidiary of Foresight and is accounted for as a financing transaction (the "Sugar Camp lease"). The Sugar Camp lease expires in 2032 with renewal options for up to 80 additional years. Minimum payments are ~~$5.0~~$5.0 million per year through the end of the lease term. The Partnership is also entitled to variable payments in the form of throughput fees ~~determined~~ based on the amount of coal transported and processed utilizing the Partnership's assets. In the event the Sugar Camp lease is renewed beyond 2032, payments become a fixed ~~$10~~ten thousand dollars per year for the remainder of the renewed term.

16. Credit Losses

The Partnership is exposed to credit losses through collection of its short-term trade receivables resulting from contracts with customers and a long-term receivable resulting from a financing transaction with a customer. The Partnership records an allowance for current expected credit losses on these receivables based on the loss-rate method. NRP assessed the likelihood of collection of its receivables utilizing historical loss rates, current market conditions, industry and macroeconomic factors, reasonable and supportable forecasts and facts or circumstances of individual customers and properties. Examples of these facts or circumstances include, but are not limited to, contract disputes or renegotiations with the customer and evaluation of short and long-term economic viability of the contracted property. For its long-term contract receivable, management reverts to the historical loss experience immediately after the reasonable and supportable forecast period ends.

As of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023, NRP had the following current expected credit loss (“CECL”) allowance related to its receivables and long-term contract receivable:

	*March 31, 2023*							*December 31, 2022*							*March 31, 2024*							*December 31, 2023*
(In thousands)	*Gross*		*CECL Allowance*			*Net*		*Gross*		*CECL Allowance*			*Net*		*Gross*		*CECL Allowance*			*Net*		*Gross*		*CECL Allowance*			*Net*
Receivables	$	42,410	$	(3,874	)	$	38,536	$	47,237	$	(4,461	)	$	42,776	$	40,992	$	(4,896	)	$	36,096	$	47,170	$	(5,655	)	$	41,515
Long-term contract receivable		29,325		(1,016	)		28,309		29,984		(1,038	)		28,946		26,552		(920	)		25,632		27,265		(944	)		26,321
Total	$	71,735	$	(4,890	)	$	66,845	$	77,221	$	(5,499	)	$	71,722	$	67,544	$	(5,816	)	$	61,728	$	74,435	$	(6,599	)	$	67,836

NRP recorded ~~($0.6 million)~~reversals of $0.8 million and ~~$1.0~~$0.6 million inof operating and maintenance expenses on its Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income related to the change in the CECL allowance during the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

NRP has procedures in place to monitor its ongoing credit exposure through timely review of counterparty balances against contract terms and due dates, account and financing receivable reconciliation, bankruptcy monitoring, lessee audits and dispute resolution. The Partnership may employ legal counsel or collection specialists to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables.

17. Subsequent Events

The following represents material events that have occurred subsequent to March 31, ~~2023~~2024 through the time of the Partnership’s filing of its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q with the SEC:

Common Unit and Preferred Unit Distributions

In May ~~2023,~~2024, the Board of Directors declared a distribution of $0.75 per common unit with respect to the first quarter of ~~2023~~2024. The Board of Directors also declared a ~~$6.1~~$2.15 million cash distribution on NRP's outstanding preferred units with respect to the first quarter of ~~2023~~2024.

Warrant Exercise

On April 16, 2024 (the "exercise date"), holders of the Partnership's warrants exercised 320,335 warrants with a strike price of $34.00. On April 18, 2024, the Partnership settled the warrants on a net basis with $10.0 million in cash and 89,059 common units. The 15-day VWAP ending on the business day prior to the exercise date was $90.33. Of the originally issued 4.0 million warrants, none of the Partnership's warrants remain outstanding after this exercise. As a result of this exercise, warrant holders' interest on the Partnership's Statement of Partners' Capital decreased by $4.8 million during April 2024.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following review of operations for the three month periods ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-Q and with the Consolidated Financial Statements, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis included in the Natural Resource Partners L.P. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

As used herein, unless the context otherwise requires: "we," "our," "us" and the "Partnership" refer to Natural Resource Partners L.P. and, where the context requires, our subsidiaries. References to "NRP" and "Natural Resource Partners" refer to Natural Resource Partners L.P. only, and not to NRP (Operating) LLC or any of Natural Resource Partners L.P.’s subsidiaries. References to "Opco" refer to NRP (Operating) LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of NRP, and its subsidiaries. ~~NRP Finance Corporation ("NRP Finance") is a wholly owned subsidiary of NRP and was a co-issuer with NRP on the 9.125% senior notes due 2025 (the "2025 Senior Notes").~~

INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements included in this 10-Q may constitute forward-looking statements. In addition, we and our representatives may from time to time make other oral or written statements which are also forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements regarding: ~~the effects of the global COVID-19 pandemic;~~ future distributions on our common and preferred units; our business strategy; our liquidity and access to capital and financing sources; our financial strategy; prices of and demand for coal, trona and soda ash, and other natural resources; estimated revenues, expenses and results of operations; projected future performance by our lessees; Sisecam Wyoming LLC’s ("Sisecam Wyoming's") trona mining and soda ash refinery operations; distributions from our soda ash joint venture; the impact of governmental policies, laws and regulations, as well as regulatory and legal proceedings involving us, and of scheduled or potential regulatory or legal changes; and global and U.S. economic conditions.

These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof and are made based upon our current plans, expectations, estimates, assumptions and beliefs concerning future events impacting us and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. We caution that forward-looking statements are not guarantees and that actual results could differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. See "Item 1A. Risk Factors" included in this Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2022~~2023 for important factors that could cause our actual results of operations or our actual financial condition to differ.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure that we define as net income (loss) less equity earnings from unconsolidated investment; plus total distributions from unconsolidated investment, interest expense, net, debt modification expense, loss on extinguishment of debt, depreciation, depletion and amortization and asset impairments. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income or loss, net income or loss attributable to partners, operating income or loss, cash flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance presented in accordance with GAAP as measures of operating performance, liquidity or ability to service debt obligations. There are significant limitations to using Adjusted EBITDA as a measure of performance, including the inability to analyze the effect of certain recurring items that materially affect our net income, the lack of comparability of results of operations of different companies and the different methods of calculating Adjusted EBITDA reported by different companies. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA presented below is not calculated or presented on the same basis as Consolidated EBITDA as defined in our partnership agreement or Consolidated EBITDDA as defined in Opco's debt agreements. For a description of Opco's debt agreements, see Note 9. Debt, Net in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein as well as in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data—Note 11. Debt, Net" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2022.~~2023. Adjusted EBITDA is a supplemental performance measure used by our management and by external users of our financial statements, such as investors, commercial banks, research analysts and others to assess the financial performance of our assets without regard to financing methods, capital structure or historical cost basis.

Distributable Cash Flow

Distributable cash flow ("DCF") represents net cash provided by (used in) operating activities plus distributions from unconsolidated investment in excess of cumulative earnings, proceeds from asset sales and disposals, including sales of discontinued operations, and return of long-term contract receivable; less maintenance capital expenditures. DCF is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities. DCF may not be calculated the same for us as for other companies. In addition, DCF presented below is not calculated or presented on the same basis as distributable cash flow as defined in our partnership agreement, which is used as a metric to determine whether we are able to increase quarterly distributions to our common unitholders. DCF is a supplemental liquidity measure used by our management and by external users of our financial statements, such as investors, commercial banks, research analysts and others to assess our ability to make cash distributions and repay debt.

Free Cash Flow

Free cash flow ("FCF") represents net cash provided by (used in) operating activities plus distributions from unconsolidated investment in excess of cumulative earnings and return of long-term contract receivable; less maintenance and expansion capital expenditures and cash flow used in acquisition costs classified as investing or financing activities. FCF is calculated before mandatory debt repayments. FCF is not a measure of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities. FCF may not be calculated the same for us as for other companies. FCF is a supplemental liquidity measure used by our management and by external users of our financial statements, such as investors, commercial banks, research analysts and others to assess our ability to make cash distributions and repay debt.

Leverage Ratio

Leverage ratio represents the outstanding principal of our debt at the end of the period divided by the last twelve months' Adjusted EBITDA as defined above. We believe that leverage ratio is a useful measure to management and investors to evaluate and monitor our indebtedness relative to our ability to generate income to service such debt and in understanding trends in our overall financial condition. Leverage ratio may not be calculated the same for us as for other companies and is not a substitute for, and should not be used in conjunction with, GAAP financial ratios.

Table of Contents

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis presents management's view of our business, financial condition and overall performance. Our discussion and analysis consists of the following subjects:

• Executive Overview

• Results of Operations

• Liquidity and Capital Resources

• Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

• Related Party Transactions

• Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates

• Recent Accounting Standards

Executive Overview

We are a diversified natural resource company engaged principally in the business of owning, managing and leasing a diversified portfolio of mineral properties in the United States, including interests in coal and other natural resources and own a non-controlling 49% interest in Sisecam Wyoming, a trona ore mining and soda ash production business. Our common units trade on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "NRP." Our business is organized into two operating segments:

Mineral Rights—consists of approximately 13 million acres of mineral interests and other subsurface rights across the United States. If combined in a single tract, our ownership would cover roughly 20,000 square miles. Our ownership provides critical inputs for the manufacturing of steel, electricity and basic building materials, as well as opportunities for carbon sequestration and renewable energy. We are working to strategically redefine our business as a key player in the transitional energy economy in the years to come.

Soda Ash—consists of our 49% non-controlling equity interest in Sisecam Wyoming, a trona ore mining and soda ash production business located in the Green River Basin of Wyoming. Sisecam Wyoming mines the trona and processes it into soda ash that is sold both domestically and internationally into the glass and chemicals industries.

Corporate and Financing includes functional corporate departments that do not earn revenues. Costs incurred by these departments include interest and financing, corporate headquarters and overhead, centralized treasury, legal and accounting and other corporate-level activity not specifically allocated to a segment.

Our financial results by segment for the three months ended March 31, ~~2023~~2024 are as follows:

	Operating Segments											Operating Segments
(In thousands)	Mineral Rights			Soda Ash		Corporate and Financing			Total			Mineral Rights			Soda Ash		Corporate and Financing			Total
Revenues and other income	$	79,965		$	19,254	$	—		$	99,219		$	70,964		$	5,450	$	—		$	76,414
Net income (loss)	$	68,881		$	19,096	$	(8,702	)	$	79,275		$	60,644		$	5,388	$	(9,819	)	$	56,213
Adjusted EBITDA ⁽¹⁾	$	72,960		$	10,622	$	(5,845	)	$	77,737		$	65,293		$	14,148	$	(6,327	)	$	73,114

Cash flow provided by (used in) continuing operations
Operating activities	$	73,858		$	10,617	$	(11,575	)	$	72,900		$	69,749		$	14,148	$	(12,398	)	$	71,499
Investing activities	$	699		$	—	$	(2	)	$	697		$	812		$	—	$	—		$	812
Financing activities	$	(583	)	$	—	$	(94,450	)	$	(95,033	)	$	(1,086	)	$	—	$	(72,224	)	$	(73,310	)
Distributable cash flow ⁽¹⁾	$	74,557		$	10,617	$	(11,577	)	$	73,597		$	70,561		$	14,148	$	(12,398	)	$	72,311
Free cash flow ⁽¹⁾	$	74,456		$	10,617	$	(11,577	)	$	73,496		$	70,396		$	14,148	$	(12,398	)	$	72,146

⁽¹⁾	See ~~"—Results~~"Results of Operations" below for reconciliations to the most comparable GAAP financial measures.

Table of Contents

Current Results/Market Commentary

Financial Results and Quarterly Distributions

We generated ~~$72.9~~$71.5 million of operating cash flow and ~~$73.5~~$72.1 million of free cash flow during the three months ended March 31, ~~2023,~~2024, and ended the quarter with ~~$56.5~~$64.8 million of liquidity consisting of ~~$17.7~~$11.0 million of cash and cash equivalents and ~~$38.8~~$53.8 million of borrowing capacity under our Opco Credit Facility. As of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 our leverage ratio was ~~0.5~~0.6 x.

In January and February ~~2023,~~2024, holders of our warrants to purchase common units (the "warrants") exercised a total of 1,219,665 warrants with a strike price of $34.00. We settled these warrants on a net basis with a total of $55.7 million in cash and 198,767 common units. On April 16, 2024, holders of our warrants exercised the remaining 320,335 warrants with a strike price of $34.00. On April 18, 2024, we ~~declared~~settled these warrants on a net basis with $10.0 million in cash and 89,059 common units. Following these transactions, of the originally issued 4.0 million warrants, no warrants remain outstanding.

In February 2024, we exercised our option under the Opco Credit Facility to increase the total aggregate commitment under the Opco Credit Facility twice, initially by $30.0 million from $155.0 million to $185.0 million and subsequently by $15.0 million from $185.0 million to $200.0 million. These increases in the total aggregate commitment were made pursuant to an accordion feature of the Opco Credit Facility. In connection with the initial increase of $30.0 million, a new lender joined the lending group. The Opco Credit Facility continues to operate under its existing terms and conditions in all material respects.

In March 2024, we paid a cash distribution of $0.75 per common unit of NRP with respect to the fourth quarter of ~~2022~~2023 as well as a ~~$7.5~~$2.15 million cash distribution on the preferred units with respect to the fourth quarter of ~~2022. In March 2023,~~2023. Additionally, we ~~declared and~~ paid a special cash distribution of ~~$2.43~~$2.44 per common unit of NRP in March 2024 to help cover unitholder tax liabilities associated with owning NRP's common units ~~during 2022.~~in 2023. Future distributions on our common and preferred units will be determined on a quarterly basis by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors considers numerous factors each quarter in determining cash distributions, including profitability, cash flow, debt service obligations, market conditions and outlook, estimated unitholder income tax liability and the level of cash reserves that the Board of Directors determines is necessary for future operating and capital needs.

In February 2023, we received a notice from holders of our Class A Preferred Units exercising their right to either convert or redeem, at the election of NRP, an aggregate of 47,499 Class A Preferred Units. We chose to redeem the preferred units for $47.5 million in cash rather than issuing common units. Of the originally issued 250,000 Class A Preferred Units, 202,501 Class A Preferred Units remain outstanding.

~~Table of Contents~~

Mineral Rights Business Segment

Revenues and other income induring the ~~first quarter of 2023 increased $5.1~~three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased $9.0 million, or 7%11%, as compared to the prior year period primarily due to ~~increased~~lower metallurgical coal sales ~~volumes and revenue from carbon neutral initiatives.~~ prices. Cash provided by operating activities and free cash flow ~~increased $25.7~~during the three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased by $4.1 million ~~and $26.3 million, respectively,~~primarily due to the lower revenues as compared to the prior year ~~quarter primarily due to the timing of minimum and royalty payments and prior year recoupments.~~period.

Metallurgical and thermal coal prices ~~remain strong relative to historical norms, although pricing has~~ declined ~~from~~during the ~~record~~first quarter of 2024, significantly lower than the highs seen in ~~2022. Continued support for pricing is expected~~2022, but above historical norms. We expect continued price volatility as ~~operators are limited~~global softening in ~~their~~steel demand impacts metallurgical prices and mild weather, high inventory levels, low natural gas prices, and scheduled shutdowns of thermal coal plants weaken thermal coal demand. However, limitations on operators' ability to increase production due to ~~ongoing labor shortages, transportation and logistics challenges, difficulty of new mine permitting, and~~ limited access to ~~capital. While metallurgical prices have pulled back from the peaks reached last year, we continue to believe met prices will remain well-supported for the foreseeable future.~~

Thermal coal prices also reached record highs in 2022, but have declined significantly in recent months due to unusually warm weather in Europe and North America as well as lower natural gas prices. While we do not expect to see thermal prices rebound to last year’s levels, many of the factors that provided support to prices over the last year still exist. Boycotts of Russian coal continue to force European buyers to source coal from other regions, including the U.S. Operators will continue to be burdened bycapital, labor shortages, ~~pressure from governments, regulators, activists,~~ and capital providers, which will limit ability to increase thermal production to meet demand. China appears to be relaxing its three-year ban on Australian coal imports with the recent approvals for several Chinese companies to buy Australian coal. Additional demand from a Chinese economy emerging from a zero-COVID policyinflationary pressures should provide ~~additional~~price support for ~~prices. We expect these factors to keep~~metallurgical and thermal ~~prices elevated relative to historical levels~~coal for the foreseeable future.

We continue to explore ~~and identify~~ carbon neutral revenue opportunities across our large asset portfolio, ~~of land, mineral, and timber assets,~~ including the sequestration of carbon dioxide underground and in standing forests, ~~and~~ the generation of electricity using geothermal, solar and wind ~~energy. In~~energy, and lithium production. While the ~~first quarter~~timing and likelihood of ~~2023,~~additional cash flows from these activities is uncertain, we ~~executed a new solar lease.~~ believe our large ownership footprint throughout the United States provides additional opportunities to create value in this regard with minimal capital investment by us.

Soda Ash Business Segment

Revenues and other income induring the ~~first quarter of 2023 increased $4.4~~three months ended March 31, 2024 decreased $13.8 million, or ~~30%~~72%, as compared to the prior year period primarily due to ~~increased~~lower sales ~~prices.~~prices and volumes driven by new supply from China. Cash provided by operating activities and free cash flow induring the ~~first quarter of 2023 decreased $2.6~~three months ended March 31, 2024 increased $3.5 million as compared to the prior year period asprimarily due to a higher distribution received from Sisecam Wyoming ~~paid a higher regular quarterly distribution~~ in the first quarter of ~~2022 as compared~~2024 relating to results in the ~~first~~fourth quarter of 2023.

~~International~~Global soda ash prices ~~remained strong~~were significantly lower in the first quarter of ~~2023 reflecting a continued supply constrained market for soda ash. Domestic soda ash prices were also strong during the first quarter of 2023 versus~~2024 compared to the prior year ~~quarter~~period primarily due to ~~negotiated 2023 domestic~~new supply from China. We believe lower international prices ~~converging to international soda ash prices.~~will persist throughout the remainder of the year and into next year as the market contends with slower global growth and absorbs the additional supply.

Table of Contents

Results of Operations

First Quarter of ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022~~2023 Compared

Revenues and Other Income

The following table includes our revenues and other income by operating segment:

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,						Percentage			For the Three Months Ended March 31,							Percentage
Operating Segment (In thousands)	2023		2022		Increase		Change			2024		2023		Decrease			Change
Mineral Rights	$	79,965	$	74,879	$	5,086		7	%	$	70,964	$	79,965	$	(9,001	)		(11	)%
Soda Ash		19,254		14,837		4,417		30	%		5,450		19,254		(13,804	)		(72	)%
Total	$	99,219	$	89,716	$	9,503		11	%	$	76,414	$	99,219	$	(22,805	)		(23	)%

The changes in revenues and other income are discussed for each of the operating segments below:

1920

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Mineral Rights

The following table presents coal sales volumes, coal royalty revenue per ton and coal royalty revenues by major coal producing region, the significant categories of other revenues and other income:

For the Three Months Ended March 31,

Increase

Percentage

(In thousands, except per ton data)

2023

2022

(Decrease)

Change

Coal sales volumes (tons)

Appalachia

Northern
379 428 (49 ) (11 )%
Central
3,609 3,251 358 11 %
Southern
582 361 221 61 %
Total Appalachia
4,570 4,040 530 13 %
Illinois Basin
1,310 1,502 (192 ) (13 )%
Northern Powder River Basin
1,085 1,238 (153 ) (12 )%
Gulf Coast
58 69 (11 ) (16 )%
Total coal sales volumes
7,023 6,849 174 3 %

Coal royalty revenue per ton

Appalachia

Northern
$ 9.86 $ 10.14 $ (0.28 ) (3 )%
Central
9.92 11.37 (1.45 ) (13 )%
Southern
14.94 17.56 (2.62 ) (15 )%
Illinois Basin
3.57 2.20 1.37 62 %
Northern Powder River Basin
4.68 3.74 0.94 25 %
Gulf Coast
0.57 0.55 0.02 4 %
Combined average coal royalty revenue per ton
8.26 8.12 0.14 2 %

Coal royalty revenues

Appalachia

Northern
$ 3,737 $ 4,341 $ (604 ) (14 )%
Central
35,806 36,980 (1,174 ) (3 )%
Southern
8,697 6,340 2,357 37 %
Total Appalachia
48,240 47,661 579 1 %
Illinois Basin
4,675 3,303 1,372 42 %
Northern Powder River Basin
5,075 4,632 443 10 %
Gulf Coast
33 38 (5 ) (13 )%
Unadjusted coal royalty revenues
58,023 55,634 2,389 4 %
Coal royalty adjustment for minimum leases
— (185 ) 185 100 %
Total coal royalty revenues
$ 58,023 $ 55,449 $ 2,574 5 %

Other revenues

Production lease minimum revenues
$ 613 $ 1,592 $ (979 ) (61 )%
Minimum lease straight-line revenues
4,503 4,783 (280 ) (6 )%
Carbon neutral initiative revenues
2,118 — 2,118 100 %
Wheelage revenues
3,869 3,717 152 4 %
Property tax revenues
1,470 1,472 (2 ) (0 )%
Coal overriding royalty revenues
188 258 (70 ) (27 )%
Lease amendment revenues
851 880 (29 ) (3 )%
Aggregates royalty revenues
753 770 (17 ) (2 )%
Oil and gas royalty revenues
3,588 1,814 1,774 98 %
Other revenues
295 348 (53 ) (15 )%
Total other revenues
$ 18,248 $ 15,634 $ 2,614 17 %
Royalty and other mineral rights
$ 76,271 $ 71,083 $ 5,188 7 %
Transportation and processing services revenues
3,598 3,796 (198 ) (5 )%
Gain on asset sales and disposals
96 — 96 100 %
Total Mineral Rights segment revenues and other income
$ 79,965 $ 74,879 $ 5,086 7 %

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,					Increase			Percentage
(In thousands, except per ton data)	2024			2023		(Decrease)			Change
Coal sales volumes (tons)
Appalachia
Northern		117			379		(262	)		(69	)%
Central		3,714			3,609		105			3	%
Southern		570			582		(12	)		(2	)%
Total Appalachia		4,401			4,570		(169	)		(4	)%
Illinois Basin		2,033			1,310		723			55	%
Northern Powder River Basin		949			1,085		(136	)		(13	)%
Gulf Coast		265			58		207			357	%
Total coal sales volumes		7,648			7,023		625			9	%

Coal royalty revenue per ton
Appalachia
Northern	$	1.86		$	9.86	$	(8.00	)		(81	)%
Central		8.08			9.92		(1.84	)		(19	)%
Southern		11.58			14.94		(3.36	)		(22	)%
Illinois Basin		2.56			3.57		(1.01	)		(28	)%
Northern Powder River Basin		4.85			4.68		0.17			4	%
Gulf Coast		0.75			0.57		0.18			32	%
Combined average coal royalty revenue per ton		6.12			8.26		(2.14	)		(26	)%

Coal royalty revenues
Appalachia
Northern	$	218		$	3,737	$	(3,519	)		(94	)%
Central		29,992			35,806		(5,814	)		(16	)%
Southern		6,602			8,697		(2,095	)		(24	)%
Total Appalachia		36,812			48,240		(11,428	)		(24	)%
Illinois Basin		5,211			4,675		536			11	%
Northern Powder River Basin		4,599			5,075		(476	)		(9	)%
Gulf Coast		200			33		167			506	%
Unadjusted coal royalty revenues		46,822			58,023		(11,201	)		(19	)%
Coal royalty adjustment for minimum leases		(4	)		—		(4	)		(100	)%
Total coal royalty revenues	$	46,818		$	58,023	$	(11,205	)		(19	)%

Other revenues
Production lease minimum revenues	$	924		$	613	$	311			51	%
Minimum lease straight-line revenues		4,171			4,503		(332	)		(7	)%
Carbon neutral initiative revenues		2,161			2,118		43			2	%
Wheelage revenues		2,672			3,869		(1,197	)		(31	)%
Property tax revenues		1,892			1,470		422			29	%
Coal overriding royalty revenues		1,169			188		981			522	%
Lease amendment revenues		702			851		(149	)		(18	)%
Aggregates royalty revenues		772			753		19			3	%
Oil and gas royalty revenues		3,640			3,588		52			1	%
Other revenues		2,451			295		2,156			731	%
Total other revenues	$	20,554		$	18,248	$	2,306			13	%
Royalty and other mineral rights	$	67,372		$	76,271	$	(8,899	)		(12	)%
Transportation and processing services revenues		3,427			3,598		(171	)		(5	)%
Gain on asset sales and disposals		165			96		69			72	%
Total Mineral Rights segment revenues and other income	$	70,964		$	79,965	$	(9,001	)		(11	)%

2021

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Coal Royalty Revenues

Approximately 75% of coal royalty revenues and approximately ~~55%~~50% of coal royalty sales volumes were derived from metallurgical coal during the three months ended March 31, ~~2023.~~2024. Total coal royalty revenues ~~increased $2.6~~decreased $11.2 million ~~as compared to the prior year quarter. The discussion by region is as follows:~~

•

~~Appalachia:~~ ~~Coal royalty revenues were essentially flat period-over-period as increased sales volumes more than offset the decrease in sales prices in the Southern Appalachia region.~~

•

~~Illinois Basin:~~ ~~Coal royalty revenues increased $1.4 million primarily due to increased sales prices during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the prior year quarter.~~

~~Other Revenues~~

~~Total other revenues increased $2.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023,~~ as compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to ~~a $2.1 million increase in carbon neutral initiative revenues. Carbon neutral initiative revenues recognized in 2023 primarily related~~decreased metallurgical coal sales prices during the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to ~~a subsurface CO~~₂~~storage transaction.~~the prior year quarter.

Soda Ash

Revenues and other income related to our Soda Ash segment ~~increased $4.4~~decreased $13.8 million as compared to the prior year quarter primarily ~~as a result of increased~~due to decreased sales prices during the three months ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the prior year quarter.

Operating Expenses

The following table presents the significant categories of our consolidated operating and other expenses:

	For the Three Months Ended March 31,				Increase			Percentage			For the Three Months Ended March 31,				Increase			Percentage
(In thousands)	2023		2022		(Decrease)			Change			2024		2023		(Decrease)			Change
Operating expenses
Operating and maintenance expenses	$	7,163	$	8,076	$	(913	)		(11	)%	$	5,733	$	7,163	$	(1,430	)		(20	)%
Depreciation, depletion and amortization		4,083		3,868		215			6	%		4,654		4,083		571			14	%
General and administrative expenses		5,845		4,467		1,378			31	%		6,327		5,845		482			8	%
Asset impairments		—		19		(19	)		(100	)%
Total operating expenses	$	17,091	$	16,430	$	661			4	%	$	16,714	$	17,091	$	(377	)		(2	)%

Total operating expenses ~~were essentially flat period-over-period. The $1.4~~decreased $0.4 million ~~increase in general and administrative expenses,~~as compared to the prior year quarter primarily ~~related~~due to ~~increased incentive compensation expense, was partially offset by~~ a ~~$0.9 million~~ decrease in operating and maintenance expenses ~~primarily driven by a~~during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the prior year quarter. The decrease in ~~bad debt expense.~~operating and maintenance expenses was primarily due to lower overriding royalty expense from an agreement with Western Pocahontas Properties Limited Partnership ("WPPLP") in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023. This overriding royalty expense is fully offset by coal royalty revenue we receive from this property.

Interest Expense, Net

Interest expense, net ~~decreased $6.5~~increased $0.6 million ~~as a result of less debt~~primarily due to higher borrowings outstanding on the Opco Credit Facility during the three months ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the prior year ~~quarter.~~

period.

2122

Table of Contents

Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP Financial Measure)

The following table reconciles net income (loss) (the most comparable GAAP financial measure) to Adjusted EBITDA by business segment:

	Operating Segments											Operating Segments
For the Three Months Ended (In thousands)	Mineral Rights		Soda Ash			Corporate and Financing			Total			Mineral Rights		Soda Ash			Corporate and Financing			Total
March 31, 2024
Net income (loss)												$	60,644	$	5,388		$	(9,819	)	$	56,213
Less: equity earnings from unconsolidated investment													—		(5,450	)		—			(5,450	)
Add: total distributions from unconsolidated investment													—		14,210			—			14,210
Add: interest expense, net													—		—			3,487			3,487
Add: depreciation, depletion and amortization													4,649		—			5			4,654
Adjusted EBITDA												$	65,293	$	14,148		$	(6,327	)	$	73,114

March 31, 2023
Net income (loss)	$	68,881	$	19,096		$	(8,702	)	$	79,275		$	68,881	$	19,096		$	(8,702	)	$	79,275
Less: equity earnings from unconsolidated investment		—		(19,254	)		—			(19,254	)		—		(19,254	)		—			(19,254	)
Add: total distributions from unconsolidated investment		—		10,780			—			10,780			—		10,780			—			10,780
Add: interest expense, net		—		—			2,853			2,853			—		—			2,853			2,853
Add: depreciation, depletion and amortization		4,079		—			4			4,083			4,079		—			4			4,083
Add: asset impairments		—		—			—			—
Adjusted EBITDA	$	72,960	$	10,622		$	(5,845	)	$	77,737		$	72,960	$	10,622		$	(5,845	)	$	77,737

March 31, 2022
Net income (loss)	$	62,967	$	14,786		$	(13,854	)	$	63,899
Less: equity earnings from unconsolidated investment		—		(14,837	)		—			(14,837	)
Add: total distributions from unconsolidated investment		—		13,230			—			13,230
Add: interest expense, net		—		—			9,387			9,387
Add: depreciation, depletion and amortization		3,868		—			—			3,868
Add: asset impairments		19		—			—			19
Adjusted EBITDA	$	66,854	$	13,179		$	(4,467	)	$	75,566

Net income ~~increased $15.4~~decreased $23.1 million as compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to the decrease in ~~interest expense, net and increase in~~ revenues and other income ~~both~~as discussed above. Adjusted EBITDA ~~increased $2.2~~decreased $4.6 million as compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to a ~~$6.1~~$7.7 million ~~increase~~decrease in Adjusted EBITDA within our Mineral Rights segment primarily as a result of ~~higher~~lower revenues and other income, ~~and lower operating and maintenance expenses, both discussed above. The increase in Adjusted EBITDA within our Mineral Rights segment was~~ partially offset by a ~~$2.6~~$3.5 million ~~decrease~~increase in Adjusted EBITDA within our Soda Ash segment primarily due to ~~Sisecam Wyoming paying~~ a higher ~~quarterly~~ distribution received from Sisecam Wyoming in the first quarter of ~~2022 as discussed above and a $1.4 decrease~~2024 relating to results in ~~Adjusted EBITDA within our Corporate and Financing segment due to higher general and administrative expenses as discussed above.~~the fourth quarter of 2023.

Distributable Cash Flow ("DCF") and Free Cash Flow ("FCF") (Non-GAAP Financial Measures)

The following table presents the three major categories of the statement of cash flows by business segment:

Operating Segments

For the Three Months Ended (In thousands)

Mineral Rights

Soda Ash

Corporate and Financing

Total

March 31, 2023

Cash flow provided by (used in)

Operating activities
$ 73,858 $ 10,617 $ (11,575 ) $ 72,900
Investing activities
699 — (2 ) 697
Financing activities
(583 ) — (94,450 ) (95,033 )

March 31, 2022

Cash flow provided by (used in)

Operating activities
$ 48,176 $ 13,195 $ (9,040 ) $ 52,331
Investing activities
— — — —
Financing activities
(614 ) — (51,647 ) (52,261 )

	Operating Segments
For the Three Months Ended (In thousands)	Mineral Rights			Soda Ash		Corporate and Financing			Total
March 31, 2024
Cash flow provided by (used in)
Operating activities	$	69,749		$	14,148	$	(12,398	)	$	71,499
Investing activities		812			—		—			812
Financing activities		(1,086	)		—		(72,224	)		(73,310	)

March 31, 2023
Cash flow provided by (used in)
Operating activities	$	73,858		$	10,617	$	(11,575	)	$	72,900
Investing activities		699			—		(2	)		697
Financing activities		(583	)		—		(94,450	)		(95,033	)

2223

Table of Contents

The following table reconciles net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (the most comparable GAAP financial measure) by business segment to DCF and FCF:

	Operating Segments											Operating Segments
For the Three Months Ended (In thousands)	Mineral Rights			Soda Ash		Corporate and Financing			Total			Mineral Rights			Soda Ash		Corporate and Financing			Total
March 31, 2024
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities												$	69,749		$	14,148	$	(12,398	)	$	71,499
Add: proceeds from asset sales and disposals													165			—		—			165
Add: return of long-term contract receivable													647			—		—			647
Distributable cash flow												$	70,561		$	14,148	$	(12,398	)	$	72,311
Less: proceeds from asset sales and disposals													(165	)		—		—			(165	)
Free cash flow												$	70,396		$	14,148	$	(12,398	)	$	72,146

March 31, 2023
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	73,858		$	10,617	$	(11,575	)	$	72,900		$	73,858		$	10,617	$	(11,575	)	$	72,900
Add: proceeds from asset sales and disposals		101			—		—			101			101			—		—			101
Add: return of long-term contract receivable		598			—		—			598			598			—		—			598
Less: maintenance capital expenditures		—			—		(2	)		(2	)		—			—		(2	)		(2	)
Distributable cash flow	$	74,557		$	10,617	$	(11,577	)	$	73,597		$	74,557		$	10,617	$	(11,577	)	$	73,597
Less: proceeds from asset sales and disposals		(101	)		—		—			(101	)		(101	)		—		—			(101	)
Free cash flow	$	74,456		$	10,617	$	(11,577	)	$	73,496		$	74,456		$	10,617	$	(11,577	)	$	73,496

March 31, 2022
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	48,176		$	13,195	$	(9,040	)	$	52,331
Add: proceeds from asset sales and disposals		—			—		—			—
Add: return of long-term contract receivable		—			—		—			—
Distributable cash flow	$	48,176		$	13,195	$	(9,040	)	$	52,331
Less: proceeds from asset sales and disposals		—			—		—			—
Free cash flow	$	48,176		$	13,195	$	(9,040	)	$	52,331

Operating cash flow, DCF and FCF ~~increased $20.6~~decreased $1.4 million, ~~$21.3~~$1.3 million and ~~$21.2~~$1.4 million, respectively, as compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to ~~an increase~~a decrease in cash flow within our Mineral Rights segment, partially offset by ~~a decrease~~an increase in cash flow within our Soda Ash ~~and Corporate and Financing segments.~~segment. The discussion by segment is as follows:

•

Mineral Rights Segment

◦

Operating cash flow, DCF and FCF ~~increased $25.7~~decreased $4.1 million, ~~$26.4~~$4.0 million and ~~$26.3~~$4.1 million, respectively, primarily due to lower metallurgical coal sales prices during the ~~timing~~first quarter of ~~minimum and royalty payments and~~2024 as compared to the prior year ~~recoupments.~~ period.

•

Soda Ash Segment

◦

Operating cash flow, DCF and FCF ~~decreased $2.6~~increased $3.5 million as compared to the prior year quarter primarily due to ~~Sisecam Wyoming paying~~ a higher ~~quarterly~~ distribution received from Sisecam Wyoming in the first quarter of ~~2022 as discussed above.~~

•

~~Corporate and Financing Segment~~

◦

~~Operating cash flow, DCF and FCF decreased $2.5 million primarily due~~2024 relating to ~~increased cash paid for incentive compensation~~results in the ~~first~~fourth quarter of ~~2023 because of the improved business performance in 2022 and higher cash paid for interest on credit facility borrowings in~~ 2023.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Current Liquidity

As of March 31, ~~2023,~~2024, we had total liquidity of ~~$56.5~~$64.8 million, consisting of ~~$17.7~~$11.0 million of cash and cash equivalents and ~~$38.8~~$53.8 million of borrowing capacity under our Opco Credit Facility. We have debt service obligations, including approximately ~~$23~~$14 million of principal repayments on Opco’s senior notes, throughout the remainder of ~~2023.~~2024. The following table calculates our leverage ratio as of March 31, ~~2023:~~2024:

For the Three Months Ended

(In thousands)

June 30, 2022

September 30, 2022

December 31, 2022

March 31, 2023

Last 12 Months

Net income
$ 66,820 $ 74,555 $ 63,218 $ 79,275 $ 283,868
Less: equity earnings from unconsolidated investment
(14,643 ) (14,556 ) (15,759 ) (19,254 ) (64,212 )
Add: total distributions from unconsolidated investment
10,486 10,339 10,780 10,780 42,385
Add: interest expense, net
8,108 5,141 3,638 2,853 19,740
Add: loss on extinguishment of debt
4,048 2,484 3,933 — 10,465
Add: depreciation, depletion and amortization
5,847 6,850 5,954 4,083 22,734
Add: asset impairments
43 812 3,583 — 4,438
Adjusted EBITDA
$ 80,709 $ 85,625 $ 75,347 $ 77,737 $ 319,418

Debt—at March 31, 2023
$ 173,591

Leverage Ratio

0.5 x

	For the Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	June 30, 2023			September 30, 2023			December 31, 2023			March 31, 2024			Last 12 Months
Net income	$	70,334		$	63,846		$	64,980		$	56,213		$	255,373
Less: equity earnings from unconsolidated investment		(26,978	)		(12,401	)		(14,764	)		(5,450	)		(59,593	)
Add: total distributions from unconsolidated investment		32,350			23,010			15,338			14,210			84,908
Add: interest expense, net		3,492			3,837			3,921			3,487			14,737
Add: depreciation, depletion and amortization		3,792			4,594			6,020			4,654			19,060
Add: asset impairments		69			63			424			—			556
Adjusted EBITDA	$	83,059		$	82,949		$	75,919		$	73,114		$	315,041

Debt—at March 31, 2024													$	189,185

Leverage Ratio													0.6 x

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Cash Flows

Cash flows provided by operating activities ~~increased $20.6~~decreased $1.4 million, from ~~$52.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2022 to~~ $72.9 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 to $71.5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2024, primarily due to ~~increased~~decreased cash ~~provided by operating activities~~flow within our Mineral Rights segment, partially offset by ~~decreased~~increased cash ~~provided by operating activities~~flow within our Soda Ash ~~and Corporate and Financing segments,~~segment, all discussed above.

Cash ~~flows~~ used in financing activities ~~increased $42.8~~decreased $21.7 million, from ~~$52.3 million used in the three months ended March 31, 2022 to~~ $95.0 million used in the three months ended March 31, 2023 ~~primarily~~to $73.3 million used in the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to the following:

	•	$47.5 million used for the redemption of preferred units in the first quarter of 2023;
	•	$~~73.0~~34.0 million of ~~cash used to repay a portion of~~decreased repayments on the Opco Credit Facility in the first quarter of ~~2023;~~
	•	~~$48.1 million of cash used~~2024 as compared to ~~redeem the preferred units~~ the first quarter of 2023; and
	•	$~~35.2~~5.9 million decreased distributions to preferred unitholders in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023

These decreases in cash flow used were partially offset by the following:

	•	$55.7 million of cash used for the warrant settlements in the first quarter of 2024;
	•	$4.8 million of decreased borrowings on the Opco Credit Facility in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023;
	•	$3.9 million of increased cash used for other items, net in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023; and
	•	$1.3 million of increased distributions to common unitholders and the general partner ~~as a result of increasing our quarterly cash distribution to $0.75/unit beginning in the second quarter of 2022 in addition to the special distribution paid~~ in the first quarter of 2024 as compared to the first quarter of 2023.

These increases in cash flow used were partially offset by $94.2 million of borrowings on our Opco Credit Facility in the first quarter of 2023 and $19.6 million of cash used to redeem the preferred units paid-in-kind during the first quarter of 2022.

Capital Resources and Obligations

Debt, Net

We had the following debt outstanding as of March 31, ~~2023~~2024 and December 31, ~~2022:~~2023:

	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,		December 31,
(In thousands)	2023		2022		2024		2023
Current portion of long-term debt, net	$	39,055	$	39,076	$	14,202	$	30,785
Long-term debt, net		133,821		129,205		174,595		124,273
Total debt, net	$	172,876	$	168,281	$	188,797	$	155,058

We have been and continue to be in compliance with the terms of the financial covenants contained in our debt agreements. For additional information regarding our debt and the agreements governing our debt, including the covenants contained therein, see Note 9. Debt, Net to the Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Off-Balance Sheet Transactions

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements with unconsolidated entities or related parties and accordingly, there are no off-balance sheet risks to our liquidity and capital resources from unconsolidated entities.

Related Party Transactions

The information required set forth under Note 11. Related Party Transactions to the Consolidated Financial Statements is incorporated herein by reference.

Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting estimates from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Recent Accounting Standards

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07—Segment Reporting (Topic 280)—Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures ("ASU 2023-07"). The amendments in ASU 2023-07 improve reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about segment expenses. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023 and quarterly periods beginning after December 15, 2024 and will be adopted retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the financial statements. We do not ~~believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards, if currently adopted, would~~expect the adoption of ASU 2023-07 to have a material effect on our ~~financial statements.~~

Consolidated Financial Statements.

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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risk, which includes adverse changes in commodity prices and interest rates as discussed below:

Commodity Price Risk

Our revenues, operating results, financial condition and ability to borrow funds or obtain additional capital depend substantially on prevailing commodity prices. Historically, coal prices have been volatile, with prices fluctuating widely, and are likely to continue to be volatile. Depressed prices in the future would have a negative impact on our future financial results. In particular, substantially lower prices would significantly reduce revenues and could potentially trigger an impairment of our coal properties or a violation of certain financial debt covenants. Because substantially all our reserves are coal, changes in coal prices have a more significant impact on our financial results.

We are dependent upon the effective marketing of the coal mined by our lessees. Our lessees sell the coal under various long-term and short-term contracts as well as on the spot market. Current conditions in the coal industry may make it difficult for our lessees to extend existing contracts or enter into supply contracts with terms of one year or more. Our lessees' failure to negotiate long-term contracts could adversely affect the stability and profitability of our lessees' operations and adversely affect our future financial results. If more coal is sold on the spot market, coal royalty revenues may become more volatile due to fluctuations in spot coal prices.

The market price of soda ash and energy costs directly affects the profitability of Sisecam Wyoming's operations. If the market price for soda ash declines, Sisecam Wyoming's sales revenues will decrease. Historically, the global market and, to a lesser extent, the domestic market for soda ash have been volatile and are likely to remain volatile in the future.

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to changes in interest rates results from our borrowings under the Opco Credit Facility, which is subject to variably interest rates based upon SOFR. At March 31, ~~2023,~~2024, we had ~~$91.2~~$146.2 million in borrowings outstanding under the Opco Credit Facility. If interest rates were to increase by 1%, annual interest expense would increase approximately ~~$0.9~~$1.5 million, assuming the same principal amount remained outstanding during the year.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

NRP carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this report. This evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of NRP management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the general partner of the general partner of NRP. Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that (a) the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and (b) such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in the Partnership’s Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no material changes in the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting during the first three months of ~~2023~~2024 that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting.

2526

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PART II

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time, we are involved in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. While the ultimate results of these proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe these ordinary course matters will not have a material effect on our financial position, liquidity or operations.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

During the period covered by this report, there were no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Natural Resource Partners L.P.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

None.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

~~None.~~None.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit Number		Description
3.1		Fifth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Natural Resource Partners L.P., dated as of March 2, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 6, 2017).
3.2		Fifth Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of NRP (GP) LP, dated as of December 16, 2011 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2011).
3.3		Fifth Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of GP Natural Resource Partners LLC, dated as of October 31, 2013 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 31, 2013).
3.4		Certificate of Limited Partnership of Natural Resource Partners L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed April 19, 2002, File No. 333-86582).
10.1		New Lender Agreement, dated as of February 1, 2024, by and among NRP (Operating) LLC, Zions Bancorporation, N.A. dba Amegy Bank, and Summit Community Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 6, 2024).
10.2		Commitment Increase Agreement dated as of February 14, 2024, by and among NRP (Operating) LLC, Zions Bancorporation, N.A. dba Amegy Bank, and Frost Bank (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 20, 2024).
31.1*		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley.
31.2*		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley.
32.1**		Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350.
32.2**		Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350.
101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL with applicable taxonomy extension information contained in Exhibits 101)

*		Filed herewith
**		Furnished herewith

2627

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned and thereunto duly authorized.

	NATURAL RESOURCE PARTNERS L.P.
	By:	NRP (GP) LP, its general partner
	By:	GP NATURAL RESOURCE
		PARTNERS LLC, its general partner

Date: May ~~4, 2023~~7, 2024	By:	/s/ Corbin J. Robertson, Jr.
		Corbin J. Robertson, Jr.
		Chairman of the Board and
		Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: May ~~4, 2023~~7, 2024	By:	/s/ Christopher J. Zolas
		Christopher J. Zolas
		Chief Financial Officer ~~and Treasurer~~
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

2728

		Page
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1.	Consolidated Financial Statements
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	1
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	2
	Consolidated Statements of Partners’ Capital	3
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	4
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	5
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	2526
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	2526
Part II. Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	2627
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	2627
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	2627
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	2627
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	2627
Item 5.	Other Information	2627
Item 6.	Exhibits	2627
	Signatures	2728

	*Units*			*Financial*
(In thousands, except unit data)	*Outstanding*			*Position*
Balance at December 31, 2021		269,321		$	183,908
Redemption of preferred units paid-in-kind		(19,321	)		(19,321	)
Balance at December 31, 2022		250,000		$	164,587
Redemption of preferred units		(47,499	)		(31,271	)
Balance at March 31, 2023		202,501		$	133,316


		*Common Units*				*Preferred Units*
				Total Distribution ⁽¹⁾				*Total Distribution*
Month Paid	*Period Covered by Distribution*	*Distribution per Unit*		*(In thousands)*		*Distribution per Unit*		*(In thousands)*
2023
February 2023	October 1 - December 31, 2022	$	0.75	$	9,571	$	30.00	$	7,500
February 2023 ⁽²⁾	January 1 - February 8, 2023		—		—		12.33		586
March 2023 ⁽³⁾	Special Distribution		2.43		31,329		—		—

2022
February 2022	October 1 - December 31, 2021	$	0.45	$	5,672	$	30.00	$	7,500

	For the Three Months Ended
(In thousands)	June 30, 2022			September 30, 2022			December 31, 2022			March 31, 2023			Last 12 Months
Net income	$	66,820		$	74,555		$	63,218		$	79,275		$	283,868
Less: equity earnings from unconsolidated investment		(14,643	)		(14,556	)		(15,759	)		(19,254	)		(64,212	)
Add: total distributions from unconsolidated investment		10,486			10,339			10,780			10,780			42,385
Add: interest expense, net		8,108			5,141			3,638			2,853			19,740
Add: loss on extinguishment of debt		4,048			2,484			3,933			—			10,465
Add: depreciation, depletion and amortization		5,847			6,850			5,954			4,083			22,734
Add: asset impairments		43			812			3,583			—			4,438
Adjusted EBITDA	$	80,709		$	85,625		$	75,347		$	77,737		$	319,418

Debt—at March 31, 2023													$	173,591

Leverage Ratio													0.5 x