UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

~~(Mark~~ (Mark One)

☑	QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

~~For the quarterly period ended March~~

For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2023

☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______________ to _____________________

Commission File Number 0-14665

DAILY JOURNAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

South Carolina		95-4133299
(State or other jurisdiction of	~~(I.R.S. Employer~~
incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

915 East First Street
Los Angeles, California~~California~~		90012-4050
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip code)

(213) 229-5300

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

None

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	DJCO	The Nasdaq Stock Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes: ☒ No: ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes: ☒ No: ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer: ☐	Accelerated Filer: ☐
Non-accelerated Filer: ☐	Smaller Reporting Company: ☒
	Emerging Growth Company: ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes: ☐ No: ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date: 1,377,026 shares outstanding at ~~April 30, 2023~~January 31, 2024

DAILY JOURNAL CORPORATION

INDEX

		Page Nos.

PART I Financial Information

	Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

	Consolidated Balance Sheets ‑ ~~March~~ December 31, 2023 and September 30, ~~2022~~2023	3

	Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income ~~(Loss)~~ ‑ Three months ended ~~March~~December 31 2023 and 2022	4

	Consolidated Statements of ~~Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss)~~Shareholders’ Equity ‑ ~~Six~~ Three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and 2022	5

	Consolidated Statements of ~~Shareholders’ Equity~~Cash Flows ‑ ~~Six~~ Three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and 2022	6

	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements ~~of Cash Flows ‑ Six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022~~	7

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements~~	8

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	1614

	Item 4. Controls and Procedures	25 20

Part II Other Information

	Item 6. Exhibits	21

PART I

~~Item 6. Exhibits~~

	March 31			September 30			December 31			September 30
	2023			2022			2023			2023
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	13,738,000		$	13,423,000		$	14,432,000		$	20,844,000
Restricted cash		2,134,000			2,045,000			2,121,000			2,100,000
Non-qualified deferred compensation plan - trust account asset value								379,000			194,000
Marketable securities at fair value -- common stocks		318,773,000			275,529,000			317,818,000			303,128,000
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $250,000 at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022		13,515,000			16,931,000
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $250,000 at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023								12,742,000			18,687,000
Inventories		98,000			56,000			58,000			72,000
Income tax receivable		750,000			451,000			21,000			—
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		479,000			1,019,000			411,000			380,000
Total current assets		349,487,000			309,454,000			347,982,000			345,405,000

Property, plant and equipment, at cost
Land, buildings and improvements		16,400,000			16,330,000			16,400,000			16,400,000
Furniture, office equipment and computer software		1,692,000			1,688,000			1,708,000			1,703,000
Machinery and equipment		1,521,000			1,521,000			1,521,000			1,521,000
		19,613,000			19,539,000			19,629,000			19,624,000
Less accumulated depreciation		(10,131,000	)		(9,986,000	)		(10,330,000	)		(10,264,000	)
		9,482,000			9,553,000			9,299,000			9,360,000
Operating lease right-of-use assets		51,000			104,000			82,000			95,000
	$	359,020,000		$	319,111,000		$	357,363,000		$	354,860,000

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities
Accounts payable	$	4,419,000		$	5,062,000		$	6,019,000		$	6,643,000
Accrued liabilities		4,732,000			7,066,000			5,032,000			8,789,000
Income tax payable								—			1,069,000
Note payable collateralized by real estate		155,000			146,000			160,000			158,000
Deferred subscriptions		2,552,000			2,679,000			2,623,000			2,678,000
Deferred consulting fees		8,021,000			6,394,000			5,744,000			5,828,000
Deferred maintenance agreements and others		11,374,000			12,272,000			15,131,000			17,033,000
Total current liabilities		31,253,000			33,619,000			34,709,000			42,198,000

Long term liabilities
Investment margin account borrowings		81,000,000			75,000,000			70,000,000			75,000,000
Note payable collateralized by real estate		1,199,000			1,285,000			1,079,000			1,120,000
Deferred maintenance agreements and others		521,000			370,000
Deferred maintenance agreements								714,000			1,000,000
Accrued liabilities		3,883,000			4,547,000			3,841,000			4,274,000
Accrued non-qualified deferred compensation								387,000			200,000
Deferred income taxes		34,887,000			25,273,000			33,549,000			30,599,000
Total long-term liabilities		121,490,000			106,475,000			109,570,000			112,193,000

Commitments and contingencies (Notes 10 and 11)		---			---

Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized and no shares issued		---			---			—			—
Common stock, $.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; 1,805,053 shares issued, including 428,027 and 424,307 treasury shares, at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively		14,000			14,000
Common stock, $.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; 1,805,053 shares issued, including 428,027 treasury shares, at December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023								14,000			14,000
Additional paid-in capital		1,755,000			1,755,000			1,755,000			1,755,000
Retained earnings		204,508,000			177,248,000			211,315,000			198,700,000
Total shareholders' equity		206,277,000			179,017,000			213,084,000			200,469,000
	$	359,020,000		$	319,111,000		$	357,363,000		$	354,860,000

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME ~~(LOSS)~~ AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME ~~(LOSS)~~

Three months
ended March 31

2023

2022

Revenues
Advertising
$ 2,204,000 $ 2,129,000
Circulation
1,108,000 1,072,000
Advertising service fees and other
778,000 742,000
Licensing and maintenance fees
5,679,000 4,608,000
Consulting fees
4,433,000 669,000
Other public service fees
1,952,000 1,729,000
16,154,000 10,949,000

Costs and expenses
Salaries and employee benefits
10,005,000 8,847,000
Decrease to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual
(200,000 ) (1,920,000 )
Agency commissions
233,000 232,000
Outside services
1,353,000 914,000
Postage and delivery expenses
167,000 164,000
Newsprint and printing expenses
193,000 196,000
Depreciation and amortization
70,000 123,000
Equipment maintenance and software
354,000 378,000
Credit card merchant discount fees
455,000 409,000
Rent expenses
74,000 58,000
Accounting and legal fees
222,000 222,000
Other general and administrative expenses
1,603,000 953,000
14,529,000 10,576,000
Income from operations
1,625,000 373,000
Other income (expense)
Dividends and interest income
4,063,000 2,113,000
Realized losses on sales of marketable securities
--- (32,445,000 )
Net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities
8,644,000 (8,321,000 )
Interest expense on margin loans and others
(1,052,000 ) (150,000 )
Interest expense on note payable collateralized by real estate
(12,000 ) (13,000 )
Income (loss) before income taxes
13,268,000 (38,443,000 )
Income tax (provisions) benefits
(3,835,000 ) 10,630,000
Net income (loss)
$ 9,433,000 $ (27,813,000 )

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and diluted
1,377,026 1,380,746
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share
$ 6.85 $ (20.14 )

Comprehensive income (loss)
$ 9,433,000 $ (27,813,000 )

	Six months ended March 31						Three months ended December 31
	2023			2022			2023			2022

Revenues
Advertising	$	4,194,000		$	4,130,000		$	2,087,000		$	1,990,000
Circulation		2,206,000			2,182,000			1,095,000			1,098,000
Advertising service fees and other		1,477,000			1,413,000			705,000			699,000
Licensing and maintenance fees		10,074,000			9,088,000			6,557,000			4,395,000
Consulting fees		6.755,000			2,430,000			3,302,000			2,322,000
Other public service fees		3,749,000			3,442,000			2,247,000			1,797,000
		28,455,000			22,685,000			15,993,000			12,301,000

Costs and expenses
Salaries and employee benefits		19,636,000			17,324,000			11,347,000			9,631,000
Decrease to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual		(720,000	)		(2,050,000	)		(420,000	)		(520,000	)
Agency commissions		444,000			440,000			243,000			211,000
Outside services		2,442,000			1,838,000			1,667,000			1,230,000
Postage and delivery expenses		334,000			327,000			176,000			167,000
Newsprint and printing expenses		392,000			355,000			205,000			199,000
Depreciation and amortization		145,000			227,000			66,000			75,000
Equipment maintenance and software		657,000			618,000			376,000			303,000
Credit card merchant discount fees		880,000			820,000			552,000			425,000
Rent expenses		143,000			123,000			70,000			69,000
Accounting and legal fees		495,000			542,000			256,000			273,000
Other general and administrative expenses		2,698,000			1,692,000			832,000			954,000
		27,546,000			22,256,000			15,370,000			13,017,000
Income from operations		909,000			429,000			623,000			(716,000	)
Other income (expense)
Dividends and interest income		5,132,000			2,988,000			1,569,000			1,069,000
Realized gains on sales of marketable securities		422,000			14,249,000			—			422,000
Net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		32,669,000			(44,409,000	)
Net unrealized gains on marketable securities								14,690,000			24,025,000
Interest expense on margin loans and others		(1,913,000	)		(236,000	)		(1,131,000	)		(861,000	)
Interest expense on note payable collateralized by real estate		(24,000	)		(26,000	)		(11,000	)		(12,000	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		37,195,000			(27,005,000	)
Income tax (provisions) benefits		(9,935,000	)		6,070,000
Net income (loss)	$	27,260,000		$	(20,935,000	)
Income before income taxes								15,740,000			23,927,000
Income tax provisions								(3,125,000	)		(6,100,000	)
Net income							$	12,615,000		$	17,827,000

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		1,377,026			1,380,746			1,377,026			1,377,026
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share	$	19.80		$	(15.16	)
Basic and diluted net income per share							$	9.16		$	12.95

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	27,260,000		$	(20,935,000	)
Comprehensive income							$	12,615,000		$	17,827,000

	Six months Ended March 31						Three months ended December 31
	2023			2022			2023			2022
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income (loss)	$	27,260,000		$	(20,935,000	)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided from operations
Net income							$	12,615,000		$	17,827,000
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided from operations
Depreciation and amortization		145,000			227,000			66,000			75,000
Net unrealized (gains) losses on marketable securities		(32,669,000	)		44,409,000
Net unrealized gains on marketable securities								(14,690,000	)		(24,025,000	)
Realized gains on sales of marketable securities		(422,000	)		(14,249,000	)		—			(422,000	)
Stock dividends		(2,978,000	)		---
Deferred income taxes		9,614,000			(9,119,000	)		2,950,000			6,097,000
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
(Increase) decrease in current assets
Accounts receivable, net		3,416,000			2,191,000			5,945,000			5,553,000
Inventories		(42,000	)		(8,000	)		14,000			(25,000	)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		25,000			(70,000	)		(18,000	)		68,000
Income tax receivable		269,000			(3,501,000	)		(21,000	)		2,000
Increase (decrease) in liabilities
Accounts payable		(643,000	)		(280,000	)		(624,000	)		207,000
Accrued liabilities		(2,998,000	)		(3,583,000	)
Accrued liabilities, including non-qualified deferred compensation								(4,003,000	)		(3,408,000	)
Income tax payable		---			(6,244,000	)		(1,069,000	)		—
Deferred subscriptions		(127,000	)		(156,000	)		(55,000	)		(143,000	)
Deferred consulting fees		1,627,000			696,000			(84,000	)		1,105,000
Deferred maintenance agreements and others		(747,000	)		(2,504,000	)		(2,188,000	)		(513,000	)
Net cash provided from (used in) operating activities		1,730,000			(13,126,000	)
Net cash (used in) provided from operating activities								(1,162,000	)		2,398,000

Cash flows from investing activities
Proceeds from sales of marketable securities		2,826,000			80,570,000			—			2,826,000
Purchases of marketable securities		(10,001,000	)		(117,678,000	)		—			(10,001,000	)
Purchases of property, plant and equipment		(74,000	)		(3,000	)		(5,000	)		(36,000	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(7,249,000	)		(37,111,000	)		(5,000	)		(7,211,000	)

Cash flows from financing activities
Borrowing from margin loan account		6,011,000			43,014,000
Repayment of margin loan		(11,000	)		(14,000	)
Proceeds from margin loan borrowing								—			6,011,000
Payment to margin loan borrowing								(5,000,000	)		—
Payment of real estate loan principal		(77,000	)		(73,000	)		(39,000	)		(23,000	)
Net cash provided from financing activities		5,923,000			42,927,000
Net cash (used in) provided from financing activities								(5,039,000	)		5,988,000

Increase (decrease) in cash and restricted cash and cash equivalents		404,000			(7,310,000	)
(Decrease) increase in cash and restricted cash and cash equivalents								(6,206,000	)		1,175,000

Cash and restricted cash and cash equivalents
Beginning of period		15,468,000			14,639,000			23,138,000			15,468,000
End of period	$	15,872,000		$	7,329,000		$	16,932,000		$	16,643,000

Interest paid during period	$	1,869,000		$	269,000		$	1,232,000		$	917,000
Net income taxes paid	$	52,000		$	12,794,000		$	1,265,000		$	—

Daily Journal Corporation (“Daily Journal”) publishes newspapers and websites covering California and Arizona and produces several specialized information services. It also serves as a newspaper representative specializing in public notice advertising. This is sometimes referred to as the Company’s “Traditional Business”.

Journal Technologies, Inc. (“Journal Technologies”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of ~~Daily Journal,~~the Company, supplies case management software systems and related products to courts, prosecutor and public defender offices, probation departments and other justice agencies, including administrative law organizations, city and county governments and bar associations. These organizations use the Journal Technologies family of products to help manage cases and information electronically, to interface with other critical justice partners and to extend electronic services to the public, including ~~efiling~~e-filing and a website to pay traffic citations and fees online. These products are licensed or subscribed to in approximately 30 states, and internationally. ~~In August 2022, the Company established a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Journal Technologies (Canada) Inc., in Victoria BC, Canada.~~

Essentially all of the Company’s U.S. operations are based in California, Arizona and Utah. The Company also has a presence in Australia where Journal Technologies is working on three software installation ~~projects.~~projects and in British Columbia, Canada, where the Company established a new wholly-owned subsidiary, Journal Technologies (Canada) Inc., in August 2022.

In the opinion of the Company, the accompanying interim unaudited consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation of its financial position as of ~~March~~December 31, 2023, its results of operations for the ~~three- and six-month~~three-month periods ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and 2022, its consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the ~~six months~~three-month periods ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and 2022 and cash flows for the ~~six months~~three-month periods ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and 2022. The results of operations for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

The consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

Certain reclassifications of previously reported amounts have been made to conform to the current year’s presentation.

Note 3 ~~– New~~- Accounting ~~Pronouncement~~Standards Adopted in Fiscal 2024

~~In June 2016,~~acredit loss accounting standard (model) issued by the Financial Accounting ~~Standards~~Stands Board, ~~issued a new Accounting Standards Codification (“ASU”)~~ requiring financial assets measured at amortized cost be presented at the net amount expected to be collected, through an allowance for credit losses that is deducted from the amortized cost basis. The ~~ASU~~standard eliminates the threshold for initial recognition in current U.S. GAAP and reflects an entity’s current estimate of all expected credit losses. The measurement of expected credit losses is based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of the financial assets. The ~~ASU is effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2024. The~~ adoption of this guidance ~~is not expected to have a~~has no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

At ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Company had a ROU asset and lease liability of approximately ~~$51,000~~$82,000 for its operating office and equipment leases, including approximately ~~$11,000~~$31,000 beyond one year. Operating office and equipment leases are included in operating lease ROU assets, current accrued liabilities and long-term accrued liabilities in the Company’s accompanying ~~Consolidated Balance Sheets.~~consolidated balance sheets.

The Company recognizes revenues in accordance with the provisions of ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC Topic 606).

For the Traditional Business, proceeds from the sale of subscriptions for newspapers, court rule books and other publications and other services are recorded as deferred revenue and are included in earned revenue only when the services are provided, generally over the subscription term. Advertising revenues are recognized when advertisements are ~~published and are net of agency commissions.~~published.

Journal Technologies contracts may include several products and services, which are generally distinct and include separate transaction pricing and performance obligations. Most are one-transaction contracts. These current subscription-type contract revenues include (i) implementation consulting fees to configure the system to go-live, (ii) subscription software license, maintenance (including updates and upgrades) and support fees, and (iii) third-party hosting fees when used. Revenues for consulting are ~~generally~~ recognized at point of delivery (go-live) upon completion of services. These contracts include assurance warranty provisions for limited periods and do not include financing terms. For some contracts, the Company acts as a principal with respect to certain services, such as data conversion, interfaces and hosting that are provided by third-parties, and recognizes such revenues on a gross basis. For legacy contracts with perpetual license arrangements, licenses and consulting services are recognized at point of delivery (go-live), and maintenance revenues are recognized ratably after the go-live. Other public service fees are earned and recognized as revenues when the Company processes credit card payments on behalf of the courts via its websites through which the public can ~~efile~~e-file cases and pay traffic citations and other fees.

The adoption of ASC 606 also requires the capitalization of certain costs of obtaining contracts, specifically sales commissions which are to be amortized over the expected term of the contracts. For its software contracts, the Company incurs an immaterial amount of sales commission costs which have no significant impact on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the Company’s implementation and fulfillment costs do not meet all criteria required for capitalization.

Since the Company ~~generally~~ recognizes revenues when it can invoice the customer pursuant to the contract for the value of completed performance, as a practical expedient and because reliable estimates cannot be made, it has elected not to include ~~as revenues~~ the transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations. Also, as a practical expedient, the Company has elected not to include its evaluation of variable consideration of certain usage-based fees (i.e. public service fees) that are included in some contracts. Furthermore, there are no fulfillment costs to be capitalized for the software contracts because these costs do not generate or enhance resources that will be used in satisfying future performance obligations.

In June 2022, the Company received from ~~Director~~the late Charles T. Munger 3,720 shares of Daily Journal common stock as his gracious personal gift (worth approximately $1 million on the date of the gift) for the purpose of establishing a new senior management equity incentive plan, which is ~~still in~~subject to shareholders’ approval at the ~~process of being set up.~~Company’s 2024 Annual Meeting. These donated shares were considered treasury stock, and the Company accounted for them using the par method which resulted in an immaterial ~~effect~~effected amount on ~~the amount of~~ Treasury Stock and Additional Paid-in Capital. In addition, the number of outstanding shares of the Company was reduced by these 3,720 shares to reflect the actual number of outstanding shares of 1,377,026 ~~as of March~~at December 31, 2023. The net income per common share is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each year. The shares used in the calculation were 1,377,026 ~~and 1,380,746~~ for both the ~~three- and six-month~~three-month periods ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and ~~2022, respectively. The Company does not have any common stock equivalents, and therefore basic and diluted net income per share is the same.~~2022.

The Company does not have any common stock equivalents, and therefore basic and diluted net income per share are the same.

All investments are classified as “Current assets” because they are available for sale at any time. These “available-for-sale” marketable securities are stated at fair value. The Company uses quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (consistent with the Level 1 definition in the fair value hierarchy) to measure the fair value of its investments on a recurring basis pursuant to ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, there were net accumulated pretax unrealized gains of ~~$153,361,000~~$152,406,000 and ~~$120,692,000,~~$137,716,000, respectively, recorded in the accompanying ~~Consolidated Balance Sheets.~~consolidated balance sheets. Most of the accumulated pretax unrealized gains were in the common stocks of three U.S. financial institutions and one foreign manufacturer.

In ~~March~~the three months ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded and included in its net income the net unrealized gains on marketable securities of ~~$32,669,000,~~$14,690,000, as compared with the net unrealized ~~losses~~gains on marketable securities of ~~$44,409,000,~~$24,025,000, in the prior year period.

In December 2022, the Company sold part of its marketable securities for approximately $2,826,000, realizing net gains of $422,000, and borrowed an additional $6,011,000 from the margin loan account to purchase additional marketable securities with a total cost of approximately $10,001,000. ~~The~~(The Company repaid $11,000 ~~subsequently. In addition,~~in the subsequent quarter.) There was no purchase or sale of marketable securities during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

Our long-serving director and former chairman, Charles T. Munger, had managed the Company’s marketable securities portfolio since the original purchases were made with the Company’s excess cash in 2009 as an alternative to near-zero interest rate investments. Following Mr. Munger’s death in November 2023, the Company ~~received stock dividends~~remains committed to using the portfolio as a source of strength in ~~March 2023 worth approximately $2,978,000 from one~~support of its operating businesses, and the Board is in the process of considering ways to ensure the prudent and effective management of these assets in the context of the ~~companies in which it holds marketable securities.~~

~~In December 2021~~current market and ~~March 2022,~~ the ~~Company sold part~~needs of ~~its marketable securities for approximately $80,570,000, realizing net gains on~~ the sales of those marketable securities of $14,249,000, and borrowed an additional $43,014,000 from the margin loan account to primarily purchase additional marketable securities with a total cost of approximately $117,678,000. There was a subsequent repayment of $14,000.businesses.

Investments in marketable securities as of ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and September 30, ~~2022~~2023 are summarized below.

For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Company recorded an income tax provision of ~~$9,935,000~~$3,125,000 on the pretax income of ~~$37,195,000.~~$15,740,000. The income tax provision consisted of a tax ~~provision~~provisions of ~~$110,000 on the realized gains on marketable securities and $8,770,000~~$3,765,000 on the unrealized gains on marketable securities, ~~a tax provision of $1,005,000~~$30,000 on income from foreign operations, ~~including~~and $270,000 on income from US operations and dividend income, ~~and a tax provision of $210,000 for the effect of a change in state apportionment on the beginning of the year’s deferred tax liability,~~ partially offset by a tax benefit of ~~$160,000 for the dividends received deduction and other permanent book and tax differences. Consequently, the overall effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was~~ ~~26.7%, after including the taxes on the realized and unrealized gains on marketable securities.~~

For the six months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $6,070,000 on the pretax loss of $27,005,000. The income tax benefit consisted of a tax benefit of $11,971,000 on the unrealized losses on marketable securities and a tax benefit of $125,000$120,000 for the dividends received deduction and other permanent book and tax differences, ~~partially offset by a tax provision of $3,841,000 on the realized gains on marketable securities, a tax provision of $740,000 on income from operations,~~ and a tax ~~provision~~benefit of ~~$1,445,000~~$820,000 for the effect of a change in state apportionment on the beginning of the year’s deferred tax liability. Consequently, the overall effective tax rate for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 was 19.9%, after including the taxes on the unrealized gains on marketable securities.

For the three months ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $6,100,000 on the pretax income of $23,927,000. The income tax provision consisted of a tax provision of $110,000 on the realized gains on marketable securities and $6,360,000 on the unrealized gains on marketable securities, partially offset by a tax benefit of $140,000 on loss from operations, $80,000 for the dividends received deduction and other permanent book and tax differences, and $150,000 for the effect of a change in state apportionment on the beginning of the year’s deferred tax liability. Consequently, the overall effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2022 was ~~22.5%~~25.49%, after including the taxes on the realized ~~gains~~ and unrealized ~~losses~~gains on marketable securities.

The Company files consolidated federal income tax returns in the United States and with various state jurisdictions and is no longer subject to examinations for fiscal years before fiscal ~~2019~~2021 with regard to federal income taxes and fiscal ~~2018~~2020 for state income taxes.

During fiscal 2013, the Company borrowed from its investment margin account the aggregate purchase price of $29.5 million for two acquisitions, in each case pledging its marketable securities as collateral. There also have been subsequent net borrowings of ~~$51.5~~$40.5 million to purchase additional marketable securities bringing the margin loan balance up to ~~$81~~$70 million as of ~~March~~December 31, 2023. The interest rate for these investment margin account borrowings fluctuates based on the Federal Funds Rate plus 50 basis points with interest only payable monthly. The interest rate as of ~~March~~December 31, 2023 was ~~5.25%~~6%. These investment margin account borrowings do not mature.

In November 2015, the Company purchased a 30,700 square foot office building constructed in 1998 on about 3.6 acres in Logan, Utah that had been previously leased byfor Journal Technologies. The Company paid $1.24 million and financed the balance with a real estate bank loan of $2.26 million which ~~has~~had a fixed interest rate of ~~3.33%~~4.66%. This loan is secured by the Logan facility and can be paid off at any time without prepayment penalty. In October 2020, the Company executed an amendment to lower the interest rate of this loan to a fixed rate of 3.33% for the remaining 10 years. This real estate loan had a balance of approximately ~~$1.35~~$1.24 million as of ~~March~~December 31, 2023. Each monthly installment payment is about $16,600. In October 2022, the Company again amended this real estate loan contract as the bank transferred its index to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, which replaces the London Interbank Offered Rate. The term of the loan, including the interest rate and the balance, was not affected by the amendment.

approximately $16,700. In April 2022, the Company sold approximately 17,564 square feet of the land along the front of its Logan building to the City of Logan for approximately $381,000 in connection with the City of Logan’s street widening project. (In October 2022, the Company again amended this real estate loan contract as the bank transferred its index to Secured Overnight Financing Rate from London Interbank Offered Rate which was ceased by the Federal Reserve and the Alternative Reference Rates Committee in the United States. The term of the loan, including the interest rate and the balance, remains unchanged.)

The Company also owns its facilities in Los Angeles and leases space for its other offices under operating leases which expire at various dates through ~~January 2024.~~October 2025.

Effective January 1, 2023, the Company began sponsoring a 401(k) retirement plan and a 409(A) non-qualified deferred compensation plan for its employees. As of ~~March~~December 31, 2023, there were deferred compensation liabilities of approximately ~~$67,000~~$387,000, of which $379,000 were held under a trust account for the 409(A) plan.

From time to time, the Company is subject to contingencies, including litigation, arising in the normal course of its business. While it is not possible to predict the results of such contingencies, management does not believe the ultimate outcome of these matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The Company’s Traditional Business is one reportable segment and the other is Journal Technologies which includes Journal Technologies, Inc. and Journal Technologies (Canada) Inc. All inter-segment transactions were eliminated. Additional detail about each of the reportable segments and its income and expenses is set forth below:

During the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Traditional Business had total operating revenues of ~~$7,877,000~~$3,887,000 with ~~$5,671,000~~$2,792,000 recognized after services were provided and ~~$2,206,000~~$1,095,000 recognized ratably over the publication subscription terms, as compared with total operating revenues of ~~$7,725,000~~$3,787,000 with ~~$5,543,000~~$2,689,000 recognized after services were provided and ~~$2,182,000~~$1,098,000 recognized ratably over the publication subscription terms in the prior ~~fiscal~~ year period. Total operating revenues for the Company’s software business were ~~$20,578,000~~$12,106,000 with ~~$10,687,000~~$5,570,000 recognized upon completion of services and ~~$9,891,000~~$6,536,000 recognized ratably over the subscription periods, as compared with total operating revenues of ~~$14,960,000~~$8,514,000 with ~~$5,943,000~~$4,121,000 recognized upon completion of services and ~~$9,017,000~~$4,393,000 recognized ratably over the subscription periods in the prior ~~fiscal~~ year period.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Traditional Business had total operating revenues of $4,090,000 with $2,982,000 recognized after services were provided and $1,108,000 recognized ratably over the subscription terms, as compared with total operating revenues of $3,943,000 with $2,871,000 recognized after services were provided and $1,072,000 recognized ratably over the subscription terms in the prior fiscal year period. Total operating revenues for the Company’s software business were $12,064,000 with $6,566,000 recognized upon completion of services and $5,498,000 recognized ratably over the subscription periods, as compared with total operating revenues of $7,006,000 with $2,467,000 recognized upon completion of services and $4,539,000 recognized ratably over the subscription periods in the prior fiscal year period.

Approximately ~~72%~~76% of the Company’s revenues during the ~~six-month~~three-month period ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 were derived from Journal Technologies, as compared with ~~66%~~69% in the prior year period. In addition, the Company’s revenues ~~have been~~during the quarter were primarily from the United States with approximately 6%21% from foreign countries during the ~~six-months~~three-months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023. Journal Technologies’ revenues are primarily from governmental agencies.

The Company has completed an evaluation of all subsequent events through the issuance date of these financial statements and concluded that no subsequent events occurred that required recognition to the financial statements or disclosures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The Company continues to operate as two different businesses: (1) The Traditional Business, being the business of newspaper publishing and related services that the Company had before 1999 when it purchased a software development company, and (2) Journal Technologies, Inc., which supplies case management software systems and related products to courts, prosecutor and public defender offices, probation departments and other justice agencies, including administrative law organizations, city and county governments and bar associations. These organizations use the Journal Technologies family of products to help manage cases and information electronically, to interface with other critical justice partners and to extend electronic services to the public, including ~~efiling~~e-filing and a website to pay traffic citations and fees online. These products are licensed in approximately 30 states and internationally.

On March 13, 2020, the United States declared the outbreak of COVID-19 to be a national emergency, and several states and municipalities also declared public health emergencies. Unprecedented actions were taken by public health and other governmental authorities to contain and combat the spread of COVID-19, including “stay-at-home” orders and similar mandates that restricted the daily activities of individuals and limited the operation of businesses that were deemed “non-essential”. In addition, most of Journal Technologies’ customers, which are primarily courts and governmental agencies in the United States, Canada and Australia, were either closed or significantly scaled back their activities. Similarly, many law firms and companies from which the Traditional Business derives advertising and subscription revenues also curtailed their in-person operations and spending.

Although the World Health Organization ~~recently~~has declared an end to the COVID-19 emergency, enduring changes in society resulting from efforts to contain the COVID-19 pandemic ~~are likely to~~may have continuing effects on the Company’s business. For example, in recent years, the newspaper industry, including our Traditional Business, has declined, and we expect this general trend to continue with fewer lawyers receiving our newspapers at their offices as they continue to work from home. Forfor Journal Technologies, ~~there have been several delays or cancellations in government procurement processes. Also,~~ although we ~~have been~~were able to complete many existing projects remotely, we ~~have been~~were delayed in finishing certain implementations and trainings because of our inability to work with clients in-person. Given that we are typically paid for implementation services upon “go-live” of a system, ~~receipt~~recognition of those revenues has been delayed. This can also create a risk of contract cancellations for in-progress projects, which has not been a common issue to date (there were two in 2023), and Journal Technologies is working to minimize additional cancellations.

The Company’s Traditional Business is one reportable segment and the other is Journal Technologies which includes Journal Technologies, Inc. and Journal Technologies (Canada) Inc. All inter-segment transactions were eliminated. Additional detail about each reportable segment and its income and expenses is set forth below:

Comparable ~~six-month~~three-month periods ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated revenues were ~~$28,455,000~~$15,993,000 and ~~$22,685,000~~$12,301,000 for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. This increase of ~~$5,770,000 (25%~~$3,692,000 (30%) was primarily from increases in (i) Journal Technologies’ ~~consulting fees of $4,325,000,~~ license and maintenance fees of ~~$986,000~~$2,162,000, consulting fees of $980,000, and other public service fees of ~~$307,000~~$450,000, and (ii) the Traditional Business’ advertising revenues of ~~$64,000, advertising service fees and other of $64,000 and circulation revenues of $24,000.~~$97,000.

Approximately 76% of the Company’s revenues during the three months ended December 31, 2023 were derived from Journal Technologies, as compared with 69% in the prior fiscal year period. In addition, the Company’s revenues during the quarter were primarily from the United States, with approximately $2,492,000 (21%) from foreign countries. Almost all of Journal Technologies’ revenues are from governmental agencies.

Consolidated operating expenses increased by ~~$5,290,000 (24%~~$2,353,000 (18%) to ~~$27,546,000~~$15,370,000 from ~~$22,256,000.~~$13,017,000. Total salaries and employee benefits increased by ~~$2,312,000 (13%~~$1,716,000 (18%) to ~~$19,636,000~~$11,347,000 from ~~$17,324,000~~$9,631,000 primarily ~~because of larger~~due to annual salary adjustments ~~due~~and the hiring of additional staff members to ~~recent inflation in~~strengthen operational efficiencies, product development, and bolster the ~~compensation market for talent.~~teams working on the company’s installation projects. Outside services increased by ~~$604,000 (33%~~$437,000 (36%) to ~~$2,442,000~~$1,667,000 from ~~$1,838,000~~$1,230,000 mainly because of additional contractor services and increased third-party hosting fees which were billed to clients. ~~Newsprint and printing expenses increased by $37,000 (10%) to $392,000 from $355,000 primarily resulting from newsprint price increases and additional purchases of printing supplies.~~ Equipment maintenance and software increased by ~~$39,000 (6%~~$73,000 (24%) to ~~$657,000~~$376,000 from ~~$618,000~~$303,000 mainly resulting from increased maintenance ~~costs. Accounting~~costs and ~~legal fees decreased by $47,000 (9%) to $495,000 from $542,000 primarily from decreased legal fees.~~additional miscellaneous software license purchases. Other general and administrative expenses ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$1,006,000 (59%~~$122,000 (13%) to ~~$2,698,000~~$832,000 from ~~$1,692,000~~$954,000 mainly because there were ~~increased~~decreased business travel expenses and reduced miscellaneous office ~~software purchases and business travel~~supply expenses as compared to the prior fiscal year period.

The Company’s non-operating income, net of expenses, ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$63,720,000 (232%~~$9,526,000 (39%) to ~~$36,286,000~~$15,117,000 from ~~a loss of $27,434,000~~$24,643,000 in the prior fiscal year period primarily because of (i) the recording of net unrealized gains on marketable securities of ~~$32,669,000 during the six months ended March 31, 2023~~$14,690,000 as compared with ~~net unrealized losses of $44,409,000~~$24,025,000 in the prior fiscal year period, ~~and~~ (ii) increases in ~~dividends and~~ interest ~~income~~expenses of ~~$2,144,000 (72%~~$269,000 (31%) to ~~$5,132,000~~$1,142,000 from ~~$2,988,000. These~~$873,000 primarily due to the federal interest rate increases, ~~were partially offset by (i)~~and (iii) the recording of realized net gains on sales of marketable securities of $422,000 ~~during the six months ended March 31, 2023 as compared with $14,249,000~~ in the prior fiscal year ~~period and (ii)~~period. These decreases were partially offset by increases in dividends and interest ~~expenses~~income of ~~$1,675,000 (639%~~$500,000 (47%) to ~~$1,937,000~~$1,569,000 from ~~$262,000 primarily due to the federal interest rate increases.~~$1,069,000.

During the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated pretax income was ~~$37,195,000,~~$15,740,000, as compared to ~~a pretax loss of $27,005,000~~$23,927,000 in the prior fiscal year period. There was consolidated net income of ~~$27,260,000~~$12,615,000 ($~~19.80~~9.16 per share) for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, as compared with ~~net loss of $20,935,000 (-$15.16~~$17,827,000 ($12.95 per share) in the prior fiscal year period.

At ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the aggregate fair market value of the Company’s marketable securities was ~~$318,773,000.~~$317,818,000. These securities had approximately ~~$153,361,000~~$152,406,000 of net unrealized gains before taxes of ~~$41,145,000.~~$39,080,000. They generated approximately $1,569,000 in dividends and interest income during the three months ended December 31, 2023, as compared with $1,069,000 in the prior fiscal year period. Most of the unrealized gains were in the common stocks of three U.S. financial institutions and one foreign manufacturer.

For the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Company recorded an income tax provision of ~~$9,935,000~~$3,125,000 on the pretax income of ~~$37,195,000.~~$15,740,000. The income tax provision consisted of a tax ~~provision~~provisions of ~~$110,000 on the realized gains on marketable securities and $8,770,000~~$3,765,000 on the unrealized gains on marketable securities, ~~a tax provision of $1,005,000~~$30,000 on income from foreign operations, ~~including~~and $270,000 on income from US operations and dividend income, ~~and a tax provision of $210,000 for the effect of a change in state apportionment on the beginning of the year’s deferred tax liability,~~ partially offset by a tax benefit of $160,000 for the dividends received deduction and other permanent book and tax differences. Consequently, the overall effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 was 26.7%, after including the taxes on the realized and unrealized gains on marketable securities.

The Traditional Business’ pretax income decreased by ~~$949,000 (37%~~$648,000 (69%) to ~~$1,643,000~~$287,000 from ~~$2,592,000~~$935,000 in the prior fiscal year period, primarily ~~because there was less~~due to increased personnel costs of $331,000 (15%) to $2,549,000 from $2,218,000, and a smaller reduction of $80,000 (16%) to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual to a reduction of ~~$700,000~~$420,000 as compared with ~~$2,010,000~~a reduction of $500,000 in the prior fiscal year period.

During the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Traditional Business had total operating revenues of ~~$7,877,000,~~$3,887,000, as compared with ~~$7,725,000~~$3,787,000 in the prior fiscal year period. Advertising revenues increased by ~~$64,000 (2%~~$97,000 (5%) to ~~$4,194,000~~$2,087,000 from ~~$4,130,000,~~$1,990,000, primarily resulting from increased commercial advertising revenues of $115,000 and trustee sale notice advertising revenues of ~~$101,000 mainly because of the lifting of COVID-related foreclosure moratoriums on lenders,~~$10,000, partially offset by decreased government notice advertising revenues of ~~$39,000 and legal notice advertising revenues of $9,000, partially offset by decreased commercial advertising revenues of $85,000.~~$30,000.

Trustee sale notices are very much dependent on the number of California and Arizona foreclosures for which public notice advertising is required by law. The number of foreclosure notices published by the Company ~~increased~~decreased by ~~33%~~2% during the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023 as compared to the prior fiscal year period. The Company’s smaller newspapers, those other than the Los Angeles and San Francisco Daily Journals (“The Daily Journals”), accounted for about 87% of the total public notice advertising revenues during the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023. Public notice advertising revenues and related advertising and other service fees, including trustee sales legal advertising revenues, constituted about ~~16%~~14% of the Company's total operating revenues for the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31,2023 and 18% for the three months ended December 31, ~~2023 and 19% in the prior fiscal year period.~~2022.

The Daily Journals accounted for about 93% of the Traditional Business’ total circulation revenues, which ~~increased~~decreased slightly by ~~$24,000 (1%)~~$3,000 to ~~$2,206,000~~$1,095,000 from ~~$2,182,000.~~$1,098,000. The court rule and judicial profile services generated about 5% of the total circulation revenues, with the other newspapers and services accounting for the balance. Advertising service fees and other are Traditional Business segment revenues, which include primarily (i) agency commissions received from outside newspapers in which the advertising is placed, and (ii) fees generated when filing notices with government agencies.

The Traditional Business segment operating expenses, excluding the adjustments to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual, ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$209,000 (3%~~$668,000 (20%) to ~~$6,934,000~~$4,020,000 from ~~$7,143,000,~~$3,352,000, primarily resulting from ~~reduced legal fees.~~the annual salary adjustments.

During the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, Journal Technologies’ business segment pretax ~~loss decreased~~income increased by ~~$1,429,000 (66%~~$1,987,000 (120%) to ~~$734,000~~$336,000 from ~~$2,163,000~~a pretax loss of $1,651,000 in the prior fiscal year ~~period.~~period primarily resulting from increased revenues of $3,592,000, partially offset by increased operating expenses of $1,605,000.

Revenues increased by ~~$5,618,000 (38%~~$3,592,000 (42%) to ~~$20,578,000~~$12,106,000 from ~~$14,960,000~~$8,514,000 in the prior fiscal year period. Licensing and maintenance fees increased by ~~$986,000 (11%~~$2,162,000 (49%) to ~~$10,074,000~~$6,557,000 from ~~$9,088,000.~~$4,395,000. Consulting fees increased by ~~$4,325,000 (178%~~$980,000 (42%) to ~~$6,755,000~~$3,302,000 from ~~$2,430,000~~$2,322,000 mainly resulting from more project go-lives ~~(signoffs~~(i.e. signoffs by the clients) ~~during the last quarter.~~. Other public service fees increased by ~~$307,000 (9%~~$450,000 (25%) to ~~$3,749,000~~$2,247,000 from ~~$3,442,000~~$1,797,000 primarily because of increased ~~efiling fee revenues.~~

Deferred consulting fees primarily represent advances from customers of Journal Technologies for installation services and are recognized upon final project go-lives. Deferred revenues on license and maintenance contracts represent prepayments of annual license and maintenance fees and are recognized ratably over the maintenance period.

Operating expenses increased by $4,189,000 (24%) to $21,312,000 from $17,123,000 primarily because of (i) increased personnel costs because of larger salary adjustments due to recent inflation in the compensation market for talent, (ii) increased third-party hosting fees which were billed to clients and (iii) additional miscellaneous office software license purchases and increased business travel expenses.

~~Journal Technologies continues to update and upgrade its software products. These costs are expensed as incurred and will impact earnings at least through the foreseeable future.~~

~~Reportable Segments~~ ~~(for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2023 and 2022)~~

Consolidated revenues were $16,154,000 and $10,949,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. This increase of $5,205,000 (48%) was primarily from increases in (i) Journal Technologies’ license and maintenance fees of $1,071,000, consulting fees of $3,764,000 and other public service fees of $223,000 and (ii) the Traditional Business’ advertising revenues of $75,000, advertising service fees and other of $36,000 and circulation revenues of $36,000.

Consolidated operating expenses increased by $3,953,000 (37%) to $14,529,000 from $10,576,000. Total salaries and employee benefits increased by $1,158,000 (13%) to $10,005,000 from $8,847,000 primarily because of larger salary adjustments due to recent inflation in the compensation market for talent. Outside services increased by $439,000 (48%) to $1,353,000 from $914,000 mainly because of increased third-party hosting fees which were billed to clients. Other general and administrative expenses increased by $650,000 (68%) to $1,603,000 from $953,000 mainly because there were increased miscellaneous office software purchases and business travel expenses as compared to the prior fiscal year period.

The Company’s non-operating income, net of expenses, increased by $50,459,000 (130%) to $11,643,000 from a loss of $38,816,000 in the prior fiscal year period primarily because of (i) the recording of net unrealized gains on marketable securities of $8,644,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared with net unrealized losses of $8,321,000 in the prior fiscal year period, (ii) increases in dividends and interest income of $1,950,000 (92%) to $4,063,000 from $2,113,000 and (iii) realized losses on sales of marketable securities of $32,445,000 in the prior fiscal year period. These increases were partially offset by increases in interest expenses of $902,000 (601%) to $1,052,000 from $150,000 primarily due to the federal rate increases.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company’s consolidated pretax income was $13,268,000, as compared to a pretax loss of $38,443,000 in the prior fiscal year period. There was consolidated net income of $9,433,000 ($6.85 per share) for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared with a net loss of $27,813,000 (-$20.14 per share) in the prior fiscal year period.

The Traditional Business’ pretax income decreased by $1,378,000 (66%) to $708,000 from $2,086,000 in the prior fiscal year period, primarily because there was less reduction to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual of $200,000 as compared with $1,920,000 in the prior fiscal year period.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Traditional Business had total operating revenues of $4,090,000, as compared with $3,943,000 in the prior fiscal year period. Advertising revenues increased by $75,000 (4%) to $2,204,000 from $2,129,000, primarily resulting from increased trustee sale notice advertising revenues of $46,000 mainly because of the lifting of COVID-related foreclosure moratoriums on lenders, government notice advertising revenues of $51,000 and legal notice advertising revenues of $16,000, partially offset by decreased commercial advertising revenues of $38,000.

The Traditional Business segment operating expenses, excluding the adjustments to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual, decreased by $195,000 (5%) to $3,582,000 from $3,777,000, primarily resulting from reduced legal fees.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, Journal Technologies’ business segment pretax income increased by $2,630,000 (154%) to $917,000 from a pretax loss of $1,713,000 in the prior fiscal year period.

Revenues increased by $5,058,000 (72%) to $12,064,000 from $7,006,000 in the prior fiscal year period. Licensing and maintenance fees increased by $1,071,000 (23%) to $5,679,000 from $4,608,000. Consulting fees increased by $3,764,000 (563%) to $4,433,000 from $669,000 mainly resulting from more project go-lives (signoffs by the clients) during the last quarter. Other public service fees increased by $223,000 (13%) to $1,952,000 from $1,729,000 primarily because of increased efilinge-filing fee revenues.

Operating expenses increased by ~~$2,428,000 (28%~~$1,605,000 (16%) to ~~$11,147,000~~$11,770,000 from ~~$8,719,000~~$10,165,000 primarily because of (i) increased personnel costs because of ~~larger~~ salary adjustments due to recent inflation in the compensation market for talent, (ii) additional contractor services and the hiring of additional staff members to strengthen operational efficiencies, product development, and bolster the teams working on the Company’s installation projects, and (iii) increased third-party hosting fees which were billed to ~~clients and (iii) additional miscellaneous office software license purchases and increased business travel expenses.~~clients.

Journal Technologies continues to update and upgrade its software products. These costs are expensed as incurred and will impact earnings at least through the foreseeable future.

~~For~~During the ~~six-months~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable security positions increased by ~~$43,648,000,~~$8,484,000 after ~~the sales of marketable securities of approximately $2,826,000 and additional borrowing of $6,000,000 from the margin loan account, partially offset by~~ the recording of net pretax unrealized gains on marketable securities of ~~$32,669,000.~~$14,690,000. Cash and cash equivalents ~~the proceeds from the sales of marketable securities and additional borrowing~~ were primarily used to ~~purchase additional marketable securities of $10,001,000.~~pay down the margin loan balance by $5,000,000.

The investments in marketable securities, which had an adjusted cost basis of approximately $165,412,000 and a market value of about ~~$318,773,000~~$317,818,000 at ~~March~~December 31, 2023, generated approximately ~~$5,132,000~~$1,569,000 in dividends and interest income during the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023. These securities had approximately ~~$153,361,000~~$152,406,000 of net unrealized gains before estimated taxes of ~~$41,145,000~~$39,080,000 which will become due only when we sell securities in which there is unrealized appreciation. The balance on the Company’s margin loan secured by the securities portfolio was $70,000,000 and $75,000,000 at December 31, 2023, and September 30, 2023, respectively.

Cash flows from operating activities ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$14,856,000~~$3,560,000 during the ~~six~~three months ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023, as compared to the prior fiscal year period, primarily due to (i) ~~decreases~~increases in the Company’s deferred tax benefit of $3,147,000 and income tax receivable of $3,770,000, its deferred tax benefit of $18,733,000 and its accounts receivable of $1,225,000 mainly resulting from more collections and (ii) increases in deferred revenues of $2,717,000 and income tax payable of $6,244,000. This was partially offset by (i) decreases in net income of $18,034,000, excluding the increases in unrealized gains on marketable securities of $77,078,000, decreases in realized net gains on sales of marketable securities of $13,827,000 and additional stock dividends of $2,978,000,$23,000, and (ii) decreases in net accounts payable and accrued liabilities of ~~$222,000~~$1,426,000 (because of the timing difference in remitting ~~efiling~~e-filing fees to the courts), deferred revenues of $2,776,000, and income tax payable of $1,069,000. This was partially offset by (i) decreases in the Company’s accounts receivable of $392,000 mainly resulting from more collections, and (ii) increases in its net income of $4,545,000, excluding the decreases in unrealized gains on marketable securities of $9,335,000 and the realized net gains on sales of marketable securities of $422,000 during the prior fiscal year period.

As of ~~March~~December 31, 2023, the Company had working capital of ~~$318,234,000,~~$313,273,000, including the liabilities for deferred subscriptions, deferred consulting fees and deferred maintenance agreements and others of ~~$21,947,000.~~$23,498,000.

The Company believes that it will be able to fund its operations for the foreseeable future through its cash flows from operations and its current working ~~capital.~~capital and expects that any such cash flows will be invested in its businesses. The Company may or may not have the ability to borrow additional amounts against its marketable securities and, among other possibilities, it may be required to consider selling some of those securities to generate cash if needed to fund ongoing operations. The amount available for borrowing is based on the market value of the Company’s investment portfolio and fluctuates depending on the value of the underlying securities. In addition, the Company could be subject to margin calls should the balance of the investment decrease significantly.

The Company is not a smaller version of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. ~~Instead, it hopes~~The Company’s goal is simply to becontinue to develop a ~~significant~~successful and profitable software ~~company~~business, while ~~it also operates~~continuing to enjoy the benefit of its Traditional ~~Business.~~Business for as long as possible.

The Company’s financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies. Management believes that revenue recognition, accounting for software costs, fair value measurement and disclosures (including the long-term Incentive Plan liabilities) and income taxes are critical accounting policies and estimates.

The Company’s critical accounting policies are detailed in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, ~~2022.~~2023. The above discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this report.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Certain statements contained in this document, including but not limited to those in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” are “forward-looking” statements that involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual future events or results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Words such as “expects,” “intends,” “anticipates,” “should,” “believes,” “will,” “plans,” “estimates,” “may,” variations of such words and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. We disclaim any intention or obligation to revise any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future developments, or otherwise. There are many factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. These factors include, among others: risks associated with software development and implementation ~~efforts;~~efforts, and disruptive new technologies like artificial intelligence; Journal Technologies’ reliance on professional services engagements with justice agencies; material changes in the costs of postage and paper; additional possible changes in the law, particularly changes limiting or eliminating the requirements for public notice advertising; possible loss of the adjudicated status of the Company’s newspapers and their legal authority to publish public notice advertising; the ~~continuing~~continuous effects of COVID-19 and the efforts to contain it on the Company’s customers, advertisers and subscribers; a further decline in subscriber revenues; possible security breaches of the Company’s software or websites; changes in accounting guidance; material weaknesses in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting; and declines in the market prices of the securities owned by the Company. In addition, such statements could be affected by general industry and market conditions, general economic conditions (particularly in California) and other factors. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, it can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to have been correct. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements are discussed in this Form 10-Q, including in conjunction with the forward-looking statements themselves. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements is contained from time to time in documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

In light of the material weaknesses in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting discussed in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, management concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of ~~March~~December 31, 2023. There were no material changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting or in other factors reasonably likely to affect its internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended ~~March~~December 31, 2023.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	DAILY JOURNAL CORPORATION (Registrant)


	/s/ Steven Myhill-Jones
	~~(Registrant)~~

	Chief Executive Officer
	Chairman of the Board
	(Principal Executive Officer)

	/s/ Tu To

	Chief Financial Officer
	~~(Principal Financial Officer and~~
	~~Principal Accounting Officer)~~


	~~/s/ Steven Myhill-Jones~~
(Principal Financial Officer and
	~~Interim Chief Executive Officer~~ Principal Accounting Officer)
	~~Chairman of the Board~~
	~~(Principal Executive Officer)~~

	Three months ended March 31
	2023			2022

Revenues
Advertising	$	2,204,000		$	2,129,000
Circulation		1,108,000			1,072,000
Advertising service fees and other		778,000			742,000
Licensing and maintenance fees		5,679,000			4,608,000
Consulting fees		4,433,000			669,000
Other public service fees		1,952,000			1,729,000
		16,154,000			10,949,000

Costs and expenses
Salaries and employee benefits		10,005,000			8,847,000
Decrease to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual		(200,000	)		(1,920,000	)
Agency commissions		233,000			232,000
Outside services		1,353,000			914,000
Postage and delivery expenses		167,000			164,000
Newsprint and printing expenses		193,000			196,000
Depreciation and amortization		70,000			123,000
Equipment maintenance and software		354,000			378,000
Credit card merchant discount fees		455,000			409,000
Rent expenses		74,000			58,000
Accounting and legal fees		222,000			222,000
Other general and administrative expenses		1,603,000			953,000
		14,529,000			10,576,000
Income from operations		1,625,000			373,000
Other income (expense)
Dividends and interest income		4,063,000			2,113,000
Realized losses on sales of marketable securities		---			(32,445,000	)
Net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		8,644,000			(8,321,000	)
Interest expense on margin loans and others		(1,052,000	)		(150,000	)
Interest expense on note payable collateralized by real estate		(12,000	)		(13,000	)
Income (loss) before income taxes		13,268,000			(38,443,000	)
Income tax (provisions) benefits		(3,835,000	)		10,630,000
Net income (loss)	$	9,433,000		$	(27,813,000	)

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and diluted		1,377,026			1,380,746
Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share	$	6.85		$	(20.14	)

Comprehensive income (loss)	$	9,433,000		$	(27,813,000	)

											Additional					Total													Additional				Total
	Common Stock				Treasury Stock						Paid-in		Retained			Shareholders'			Common Stock				Treasury Stock						Paid-in		Retained		Shareholders'
	Share		Amount		Share			Amount			Capital		Earnings			Equity			Share		Amount		Share			Amount			Capital		Earnings		Equity


Balance at September 30, 2021		1,805,053	$	18,000		(424,307	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	252,872,000		$	254,641,000
Net income		---		---		---			---			---		6,878,000			6,878,000
Balance at December 31, 2021		1,805,053		18,000		(424,307	)		(4,000	)		1,755,000		259,750,000			261,519,000
Net loss		---		---		---			---			---		(27,813,000	)		(27,813,000	)
Balance at March 31, 2022		1,805,053	$	18,000		(424,307	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	231,937,000		$	233,706,000

Balance at September 30, 2022		1,805,053	$	18,000		(428,027	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	177,248,000		$	179,017,000			1,805,053	$	18,000		(428,027	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	177,248,000	$	179,017,000
Net income		---		---		---			---			---		17,827,000			17,827,000			—		—		—			—			—		17,827,000		17,827,000
Balance at December 31, 2022		1,805,053		18,000		(428,027	)		(4,000	)		1,755,000		195,075,000			196,844,000			1,805,053	$	18,000		(428,027	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	195,075,000	$	196,844,000

Balance at September 30, 2023																				1,805,053	$	18,000		(428,027	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	198,700,000	$	200,469,000
Net income		---		---		---			---			---		9,433,000			9,433,000			—		—		—			—			—		12,615,000		12,615,000
Balance at March 31, 2023		1,805,053	$	18,000		(428,027	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	204,508,000		$	206,277,000
Balance at December 31, 2023																				1,805,053	$	18,000		(428,027	)	$	(4,000	)	$	1,755,000	$	211,315,000	$	213,084,000

	March 31, 2023						September 30, 2022						December 31, 2023						September 30, 2023
	Aggregate fair value		Amortized/ Adjusted cost basis		Pretax unrealized gains		Aggregate fair value		Amortized/ Adjusted cost basis		Pretax unrealized gains		Aggregate fair value		Amortized/ Adjusted cost basis		Pretax unrealized gains		Aggregate fair value		Amortized/ Adjusted cost basis		Pretax unrealized gains
Marketable securities
Common stocks	$	318,773,000	$	165,412,000	$	153,361,000	$	275,529,000	$	154,837,000	$	120,692,000	$	317,818,000	$	165,412,000	$	152,406,000	$	303,128,000	$	165,412,000	$	137,716,000

	Reportable Segments
	Traditional Business						Journal Technologies						Corporate						Total
	2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022
Revenues
Advertising	$	4,194		$	4,130		$	---		$	---		$	---		$	---		$	4,194		$	4,130
Circulation		2,206			2,182			---			---			---			---			2,206			2,182
Advertising service fees and other		1,477			1,413			---			---			---			---			1,477			1,413
Licensing and maintenance fees		---			---			10,074			9,088			---			---			10,074			9,088
Consulting fees		---			---			6,755			2,430			---			---			6,755			2,430
Other public service fees		---			---			3,749			3,442			---			---			3,749			3,442
Total operating revenues		7,877			7,725			20,578			14,960			---			---			28,455			22,685
Operating expenses
Salaries and employee benefits		4,499			4,730			15,137			12,594			---			---			19,636			17,324
Decrease to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual		(700	)		(2,010	)		(20	)		(40	)		---			---			(720	)		(2,050	)
Others		2,435			2,413			6,195			4,569			---			---			8,630			6,982
Total operating expenses		6,234			5,133			21,312			17,123			---			---			27,546			22,256
Income (loss) from operations		1,643			2,592			(734	)		(2,163	)		---			---			909			429
Dividends and interest income		---			---			---			---			5,132			2,988			5,132			2,988
Interest expenses on note payable collateralized by real estate		---			---			---			---			(24	)		(26	)		(24	)		(26	)
Interest expense on margin loans and others		---			---			---			---			(1,913	)		(236	)		(1,913	)		(236	)
Gains on sales of marketable securities, net		---			---			---			---			422			14,249			422			14,249
Net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		---			---			---			---			32,669			(44,409	)		32,669			(44,409	)
Pretax income (loss)		1,643			2,592			(734	)		(2,163	)		36,286			(27,434	)		37,195			(27,005	)
Income tax (expense) benefit		(435	)		(560	)		135			705			(9,635	)		5,925			(9,935	)		6,070
Net income (loss)	$	1,208		$	2,032		$	(599	)	$	(1,458	)	$	26,651		$	(21,509	)	$	27,260		$	(20,935	)
Total assets	$	14,053		$	19,924		$	25,444		$	15,830		$	319,523		$	354,336		$	359,020		$	390,090
Capital expenditures	$	70		$	---		$	4		$	3		$	---		$	---		$	74		$	3

Overall Financial Results (000)
For the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

	Reportable Segments
	Traditional Business						Journal Technologies						Corporate						Total
	2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022			2023			2022
Revenues
Advertising	$	2,087		$	1,990		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	2,087		$	1,990
Circulation		1,095			1,098			—			—			—			—			1,095			1,098
Advertising service fees and other		705			699			—			—			—			—			705			699
Licensing and maintenance fees		—			—			6,557			4,395			—			—			6,557			4,395
Consulting fees		—			—			3,302			2,322			—			—			3,302			2,322
Other public service fees		—			—			2,247			1,797			—			—			2,247			1,797
Total operating revenues		3,887			3,787			12,106			8,514			—			—			15,993			12,301
Operating expenses
Salaries and employee benefits		2,549			2,218			8,798			7,413			—			—			11,347			9,631
Decrease to the long-term supplemental compensation accrual		(420	)		(500	)		—			(20	)		—			—			(420	)		(520	)
Others		1,471			1,134			2,972			2,772			—			—			4,443			3,906
Total operating expenses		3,600			2,852			11,770			10,165			—			—			15,370			13,017
Income (loss) from operations		287			935			336			(1,651	)		—			—			623			(716	)

Dividends and interest income		—			—			—			—			1,569			1,069			1,569			1,069
Interest expenses on note payable collateralized by real estate and other		—			—			—			—			(11	)		(12	)		(11	)		(12	)
Interest expense on margin loans		—			—			—			—			(1,131	)		(861	)		(1,131	)		(861	)
Gains on sales of marketable securities, net		—			—			—			—			—			422			—			422
Net unrealized gains (losses) on marketable securities		—			—			—			—			14,690			24,025			14,690			24,025
Pretax income (loss)		287			935			336			(1,651	)		15,117			24,643			15,740			23,927
Income tax (expense) benefit		(55	)		(235	)		(250	)		350			(2,820	)		(6,215	)		(3,125	)		(6,100	)
Net income (loss)	$	232		$	700		$	86		$	(1,301	)	$	12,297		$	18,428		$	12,615		$	17,827
Total assets	$	15,483		$	45,288		$	24,062		$	25,202		$	317,818		$	275,781		$	357,363		$	346,271
Capital expenditures	$	5		$	32		$	—		$	4		$	—		$	—		$	5		$	36