Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020
OR
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 001-34693
CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Maryland27-1200777
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
Maryland27-1200777
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
222 Lakeview Avenue, Suite 200
West Palm Beach FloridaFlorida33401
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
(561) 802-4477
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of Each Exchange On Which Registered
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, $0.01 par valueCLDTNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    x  Yes    ¨  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    x  Yes    ¨  No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerxAccelerated filer¨
Large accelerated filerxAccelerated filer¨
Non-accelerated filer
¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company¨
Emerging growth company¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    ¨  Yes    x  No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
ClassOutstanding at October 31, 2017August 5, 2020
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest ($0.01 par value per share)40,371,95846,967,891


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TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page
Item1.
Item 1.
Item 2.Item2.
Item 3.Item3.
Item 4.Item4.
Item 1.Item1.
Item 1A.Item1A.
Item 2.Item2.
Item 3.Item3.
Item 4.Item4.
Item 5.Item5.
Item 6.Item6.


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PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
 
September 30,
2017
 December 31,
2016
June 30,
2020
December 31,
2019
(unaudited)  (unaudited)
Assets:   Assets:
Investment in hotel properties, net$1,263,183
 $1,233,094
Investment in hotel properties, net$1,328,717  $1,347,116  
Investment in hotel properties under developmentInvestment in hotel properties under development30,546  20,496  
Cash and cash equivalents11,282
 12,118
Cash and cash equivalents36,883  6,620  
Restricted cash27,693
 25,083
Restricted cash8,863  13,562  
Investment in unconsolidated real estate entities25,448
 20,424
Investment in unconsolidated real estate entities—  17,969  
Hotel receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $249 and $155, respectively)7,691
 4,389
Right of use asset, netRight of use asset, net20,959  21,270  
Hotel receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $355 and $451, respectively)Hotel receivables (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $355 and $451, respectively)2,251  4,626  
Deferred costs, net4,882
 4,642
Deferred costs, net4,495  4,271  
Prepaid expenses and other assets4,350
 2,778
Prepaid expenses and other assets4,612  2,615  
Deferred tax asset, net
 426
Deferred tax asset, net29  29  
Total assets$1,344,529
 $1,302,954
Total assets$1,437,355  $1,438,574  
Liabilities and Equity:   Liabilities and Equity:
Mortgage debt, net$527,144
 $530,323
Mortgage debt, net$491,175  $495,465  
Revolving credit facility75,000
 52,500
Revolving credit facility173,000  90,000  
Accounts payable and accrued expenses32,763
 27,782
Accounts payable and accrued expenses19,306  33,012  
Distributions and losses in excess of investments of unconsolidated real estate entities5,975
 6,017
Distributions and losses in excess of investments in unconsolidated real estate entitiesDistributions and losses in excess of investments in unconsolidated real estate entities17,778  15,214  
Lease liability, netLease liability, net23,483  23,717  
Distributions payable5,217
 4,742
Distributions payable469  6,142  
Total liabilities646,099
 621,364
Total liabilities725,211  663,550  
Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)
Equity:   Equity:
Shareholders’ Equity:   Shareholders’ Equity:
Preferred shares, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized and unissued at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016
 
Common shares, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 39,839,476 and 38,367,014 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively395
 380
Preferred shares, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized and unissued at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019Preferred shares, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized and unissued at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019—  —  
Common shares, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 46,965,827 and 46,928,445 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectivelyCommon shares, $0.01 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized; 46,965,827 and 46,928,445 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively470  469  
Additional paid-in capital752,148
 722,019
Additional paid-in capital905,977  904,273  
Retained earnings (distributions in excess of retained earnings)(60,097) (45,657)
Accumulated deficitAccumulated deficit(207,306) (142,365) 
Total shareholders’ equity692,446
 676,742
Total shareholders’ equity699,141  762,377  
Noncontrolling Interests:   Noncontrolling Interests:
Noncontrolling interest in Operating Partnership5,984
 4,848
Noncontrolling interest in Operating Partnership13,003  12,647  
Total equity698,430
 681,590
Total equity712,144  775,024  
Total liabilities and equity$1,344,529
 $1,302,954
Total liabilities and equity$1,437,355  $1,438,574  
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)
For the three months endedFor the nine months endedFor the three months endedFor the six months ended
September 30,June 30,June 30,
2017 20162017 20162020201920202019
Revenue:     Revenue:
Room$76,221
 $74,736
$213,415
 $211,438
Room$18,389  $79,970  $71,437  $148,055  
Food and beverage1,378
 1,494
4,353
 4,728
Food and beverage117  2,535  2,180  4,962  
Other3,052
 2,699
8,465
 7,689
Other873  3,934  4,391  7,610  
Cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities753
 804
2,302
 2,728
Reimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entitiesReimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entities794  1,435  2,374  2,926  
Total revenue81,404
 79,733
228,535
 226,583
Total revenue20,173  87,874  80,382  163,553  
Expenses:     Expenses:
Hotel operating expenses:     Hotel operating expenses:
Room15,618
 15,068
44,147
 43,453
Room4,517  16,372  17,912  31,942  
Food and beverage1,307
 1,280
3,770
 3,703
Food and beverage128  2,120  2,018  4,129  
Telephone410
 449
1,205
 1,300
Telephone351  410  730  843  
Other hotel operating737
 563
2,047
 1,790
Other hotel operating182  971  992  1,910  
General and administrative5,906
 5,652
17,534
 16,848
General and administrative3,360  6,574  8,636  12,741  
Franchise and marketing fees6,366
 6,157
17,758
 17,293
Franchise and marketing fees1,636  6,984  6,356  12,916  
Advertising and promotions1,353
 1,203
3,955
 3,899
Advertising and promotions854  1,485  2,364  3,018  
Utilities2,708
 2,684
7,431
 7,301
Utilities1,863  2,525  4,378  5,275  
Repairs and maintenance3,467
 3,084
9,898
 9,443
Repairs and maintenance1,640  3,431  5,101  7,042  
Management fees2,693
 2,558
7,511
 7,171
Management fees848  2,892  2,872  5,436  
Insurance297
 318
925
 993
Insurance361  365  721  702  
Total hotel operating expenses40,862
 39,016
116,181
 113,194
Total hotel operating expenses15,740  44,129  52,080  85,954  
Depreciation and amortization10,944
 11,997
34,662
 36,753
Depreciation and amortization13,667  12,999  26,729  25,771  
Impairment loss
 
6,663
 
Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entitiesImpairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entities—  —  15,282  —  
Property taxes, ground rent and insurance5,349
 5,417
15,710
 15,454
Property taxes, ground rent and insurance5,892  6,242  11,990  12,409  
General and administrative3,151
 2,992
9,706
 9,076
General and administrative2,487  3,611  5,252  7,125  
Hotel property acquisition costs and other charges(15) 49

 359
Reimbursed costs from unconsolidated real estate entities753
 804
2,302
 2,728
Other chargesOther charges215  25  2,984  42  
Reimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entitiesReimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entities794  1,435  2,374  2,926  
Total operating expenses61,044
 60,275
185,224
 177,564
Total operating expenses38,795  68,441  116,691  134,227  
Operating income20,360
 19,458
43,311
 49,019
Operating (loss) income before gain (loss) on sale of hotel propertyOperating (loss) income before gain (loss) on sale of hotel property(18,622) 19,433  (36,309) 29,326  
Gain (loss) on sale of hotel propertyGain (loss) on sale of hotel property (3,300)  (3,300) 
Operating (loss) incomeOperating (loss) income(18,620) 16,133  (36,306) 26,026  
Interest and other income9
 7
27
 43
Interest and other income39  66  120  121  
Interest expense, including amortization of deferred fees(7,065) (7,082)(20,830) (21,211)Interest expense, including amortization of deferred fees(7,034) (7,131) (13,867) (14,328) 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt
 

 (4)
Income from unconsolidated real estate entities1,189
 1,051
2,031
 1,346
Loss on sale from unconsolidated real estate entities
 

 (8)
Income before income tax benefit (expense)14,493
 13,434
24,539
 29,185
Income tax benefit (expense)
 12
(317) (167)
Net income14,493
 13,446
24,222
 29,018
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(101) (91)(167) (195)
Net income attributable to common shareholders$14,392
 $13,355
$24,055
 $28,823
     
Income per Common Share - Basic:     
Net income attributable to common shareholders (Note 11)$0.36
 $0.35
$0.62
 $0.75
Income per Common Share - Diluted:     
Net income attributable to common shareholders (Note 11)$0.36
 $0.35
$0.61
 $0.74
(Loss) income from unconsolidated real estate entities(Loss) income from unconsolidated real estate entities(1,578) 457  (5,251) (666) 
(Loss) income before income tax expense (Loss) income before income tax expense(27,193) 9,525  (55,304) 11,153  
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense—  —  —  —  
Net (loss) incomeNet (loss) income(27,193) 9,525  (55,304) 11,153  
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interestsNet (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests366  (88) 694  (103) 
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholdersNet (loss) income attributable to common shareholders$(26,827) $9,437  $(54,610) $11,050  
(Loss) income per Common Share - Basic:(Loss) income per Common Share - Basic:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders (Note 10)Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders (Note 10)$(0.57) $0.20  $(1.16) $0.23  
(Loss) income per Common Share - Diluted:(Loss) income per Common Share - Diluted:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders (Note 10)Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders (Note 10)$(0.57) $0.20  $(1.16) $0.23  
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:     Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
Basic39,298,974
 38,307,382
38,731,900
 38,293,704
Basic46,960,289  46,760,016  46,954,411  46,658,973  
Diluted39,550,494
 38,567,462
38,960,455
 38,520,689
Diluted46,960,289  46,976,999  46,954,411  46,855,916  
Distributions declared per common share:$0.33
 $0.33
$0.99
 $0.97
Distributions declared per common share:$—  $0.33  $0.22  $0.66  
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
Consolidated Statements of Equity
(In thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)

Three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2020
Common SharesAdditional Paid - In CapitalRetained earnings (distributions in excess of retained earnings)Total Shareholders’ EquityNoncontrolling Interest in Operating PartnershipTotal Equity
SharesAmount
Balance, April 1, 201946,571,005  $466  $897,161  $(113,039) $784,588  $10,329  $794,917  
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs of $32347,378   6,823  —  6,826  —  6,826  
Amortization of share based compensation—  —  15  —  15  1,110  1,125  
Dividends declared on common shares ($0.33 per share)—  —  —  (15,447) (15,447) —  (15,447) 
Distributions declared on LTIP units ($0.33 per unit)—  —  —  —  —  (349) (349) 
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest—  —  70  —  70  (70) —  
Net income—  —  —  9,437  9,437  88  9,525  
Balance, June 30, 201946,918,383  $469  $904,069  $(119,049) $785,489  $11,108  $796,597  
Balance, April 1, 202046,960,389  $469  $905,936  $(180,479) $725,926  $12,344  $738,270  
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs of $15,438   35  —  36  —  36  
Amortization of share based compensation—  —   —   1,025  1,031  
Net loss—  —  —  (26,827) (26,827) (366) (27,193) 
Balance, June 30, 202046,965,827  $470  $905,977  $(207,306) $699,141  $13,003  $712,144  

 - continued -
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 Common Shares 
Additional
Paid - In
Capital
 Retained earnings (distributions in excess of retained earnings) 
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 
Noncontrolling
Interest in
Operating
Partnership
 
Total
Equity
 Shares Amount     
Balance, January 1, 201638,308,937
 $379
 $719,773
 $(27,281) $692,871
 $4,131
 $697,002
Issuance of shares pursuant to Equity Incentive Plan26,488
 
 550
 
 550
 
 550
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs of $816,454
 1
 336
 
 337
 
 337
Issuance of restricted time-based shares7,851
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of share based compensation
 
 963
 
 963
 916
 1,879
Dividends declared on common shares ($0.97 per share)
 
 
 (37,266) (37,266) 
 (37,266)
Distributions declared on LTIP units ($0.97 per unit)
 
 
 
 
 (537) (537)
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 11
 
 11
 (11) 
Net income
 
 
 28,823
 28,823
 195
 29,018
Balance, September 30, 201638,359,730
 $380
 $721,633
 $(35,724) $686,289
 $4,694
 $690,983
Balance, January 1, 201738,367,014
 $380
 $722,019
 $(45,657) $676,742
 $4,848
 $681,590
Issuance of shares pursuant to Equity Incentive Plan23,980
 
 500
 
 500
 
 500
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs of $8121,443,482
 15
 28,909
 
 28,924
 
 28,924
Issuance of restricted time-based shares5,000
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortization of share based compensation
 
 619
 
 619
 1,791
 2,410
Dividends declared on common shares ($0.99 per share)
 
 
 (38,495) (38,495) 
 (38,495)
Distributions declared on LTIP units ($0.99 per unit)
 
 
 
 
 (721) (721)
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest
 
 101
 
 101
 (101) 
Net income
 
 
 24,055
 24,055
 167
 24,222
Balance, September 30, 201739,839,476
 $395
 $752,148
 $(60,097) $692,446
 $5,984
 $698,430
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2019 and 2020
Common SharesAdditional Paid - In CapitalRetained earnings (distributions in excess of retained earnings)Total Shareholders’ EquityNoncontrolling Interest in Operating PartnershipTotal Equity
SharesAmount
Balance, January 1, 201946,525,652  $465  $896,286  $(99,285) $797,466  $9,952  $807,418  
Issuance of shares pursuant to Equity Incentive Plan27,870  —  500  —  500  —  500  
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs of $201364,861   6,915  —  6,919  —  6,919  
Amortization of share based compensation—  —  31  —  31  2,041  2,072  
Dividends declared on common shares ($0.66 per share)—  —  —  (30,814) (30,814) —  (30,814) 
Distributions declared on LTIP units ($0.66 per unit)—  —  —  —  —  (651) (651) 
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest—  —  337  —  337  (337) —  
Net income—  —  —  11,050  11,050  103  11,153  
Balance, June 30, 201946,918,383  $469  $904,069  $(119,049) $785,489  $11,108  $796,597  
Balance, January 1, 202046,928,445  $469  $904,273  $(142,365) $762,377  $12,647  $775,024  
Issuance of shares pursuant to Equity Incentive Plan24,516  —  450  —  450  —  450  
Issuance of shares, net of offering costs of $312,866   125  —  126  —  126  
Amortization of share based compensation—  —  15  —  15  2,397  2,412  
Dividends declared on common shares ($0.22 per share)—  —  —  (10,331) (10,331) —  (10,331) 
Distributions declared on LTIP units ($0.22 per unit)—  —  —  —  —  (233) (233) 
Reallocation of noncontrolling interest—  —  1,114  —  1,114  (1,114) —  
Net loss—  —  —  (54,610) (54,610) (694) (55,304) 
Balance, June 30, 202046,965,827  $470  $905,977  $(207,306) $699,141  $13,003  $712,144  


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Table of Contents
CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(unaudited)
For the nine months endedFor the six months ended
September 30,June 30,
2017 201620202019
Cash flows from operating activities:   Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income$24,222
 $29,018
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Net (loss) incomeNet (loss) income$(55,304) $11,153  
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation34,501
 36,593
Depreciation26,607  25,647  
Amortization of deferred franchise fees161
 160
Amortization of deferred franchise fees122  124  
Amortization of deferred financing fees included in interest expense394
 812
Amortization of deferred financing fees included in interest expense489  456  
Impairment loss6,663
 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt
 4
Loss on sale of hotel propertyLoss on sale of hotel property—  3,300  
Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entitiesImpairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entities15,282  —  
Share based compensation2,785
 2,256
Share based compensation2,349  2,297  
Income from unconsolidated real estate entities(2,031) (1,346)
Accelerated share based compensation for employee severanceAccelerated share based compensation for employee severance288  —  
Loss from unconsolidated real estate entitiesLoss from unconsolidated real estate entities5,251  666  
Changes in assets and liabilities:   Changes in assets and liabilities:
Right of use assetRight of use asset311  307  
Hotel receivables(3,285) (2,816)Hotel receivables2,378  (2,961) 
Deferred tax asset426
 
Deferred costs(878) (94)Deferred costs(16) (30) 
Prepaid expenses and other assets(1,596) 741
Prepaid expenses and other assets(2,022) (2,152) 
Accounts payable and accrued expenses5,246
 4,532
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(11,241) (791) 
Net cash provided by operating activities66,608
 69,860
Lease liabilityLease liability(234) (187) 
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activitiesNet cash (used in) provided by operating activities(15,740) 37,829  
Cash flows from investing activities:   Cash flows from investing activities:
Improvements and additions to hotel properties(21,523) (17,095)Improvements and additions to hotel properties(10,424) (20,716) 
Acquisition of hotel properties, net of cash acquired(49,864) 
Distributions from unconsolidated entities2,001
 6,611
Investment in unconsolidated real estate entities(5,037) 
Restricted cash(2,611) (5,660)
Investment in hotel properties under developmentInvestment in hotel properties under development(10,050) (2,503) 
Proceeds from sale of hotel properties, netProceeds from sale of hotel properties, net—  8,987  
Distributions from unconsolidated real estate entitiesDistributions from unconsolidated real estate entities—  411  
Net cash used in investing activities(77,034) (16,144)Net cash used in investing activities(20,474) (13,821) 
Cash flows from financing activities:   Cash flows from financing activities:
Borrowings on revolving credit facility82,000
 33,450
Borrowings on revolving credit facility86,000  34,500  
Repayments on revolving credit facility(59,500) (46,030)Repayments on revolving credit facility(3,000) (37,000) 
Payments on mortgage debt(3,094) (2,759)Payments on mortgage debt(4,483) (2,567) 
Principal prepayment of mortgage debt
 (5,954)
Payment of financing costs
 (50)Payment of financing costs(627) (48) 
Payment of offering costs(812) (8)Payment of offering costs(3) (201) 
Proceeds from issuance of common shares29,736
 344
Proceeds from issuance of common shares128  7,119  
Distributions-common shares/units(38,740) (40,279)Distributions-common shares/units(16,237) (31,236) 
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities9,590
 (61,286)Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities61,778  (29,433) 
Net change in cash and cash equivalents(836) (7,570)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period12,118
 21,036
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$11,282
 $13,466
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cashNet change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash25,564  (5,425) 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of periodCash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period20,182  32,337  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of periodCash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$45,746  $26,912  
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:   Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid for interest$19,878
 $20,258
Cash paid for interest$13,844  $13,753  
Capitalized interestCapitalized interest$595  $74  
Cash paid for income taxes$684
 $485
Cash paid for income taxes$44  $415  
-continued-
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing information:
On January 15, 2017,2020, the Company issued 23,98024,516 shares to its independent trustees pursuant to the Company’s Equity Incentive Plan as compensation for services performed in 2016.2019. On January 15, 2016,16, 2019, the Company issued 26,48827,870 shares to its independent trustees pursuant to the Company’s Equity Incentive Plan as compensation for services performed in 2015.2018.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, the Company had accrued distributions payable of $5,217.$469. These distributions were paid on October 27, 2017, except for $783 related to accrued but unpaid distributions on unvested performance based shares and LTIP units (See Note 11).units. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2019, the Company had accrued distributions payable of $4,746.$5,895. These distributions were paid on October 28, 2016,July 26, 2019, except for $487$658 related to accrued but unpaid distributions on unvested performance based shares.
Accrued share based compensation of $433$225 and $377$225 is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively.
Accrued capital improvements of $1,797$1,554 and $2,368$2,296 are included in accounts payable and accrued expenses as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively.


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands, except share and per share data, unless otherwise specified)
(unaudited)
 
1. Organization


Organization

Chatham Lodging Trust (“we,” “us” or the “Company”) was formed as a Maryland real estate investment trust (“REIT”) on October 26, 2009. The Company is internally-managed and invests primarily in upscale extended-stay and premium-branded select-service hotels.
In January 2014, the Company established an At the Market Equity Offering ("Prior ATM Plan") whereby, from time to time, we may publicly offer and sell our common shares having an aggregate maximum offering price of up to $50 million by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE"), in negotiated transactions or in transactions that are deemed to be “at the market” offerings as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933,1933. The Company filed a $100 million registration statement for a new ATM program (the "ATM Plan" and together with the Prior ATM Plan, the "ATM Plans") on December 28, 2017 to replace the prior program. At the same time, the Company entered into sales agreements with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. ("Cantor") acting as sales agent pursuant to a Sales Agreement (the “Cantor Sales Agreement”). On January 13, 2015, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Barclays Sales Agreement”) with, Barclays Capital Inc. (“Barclays”) to add Barclays, Robert W. Baird & Co. Incorporated, ("Baird"), Citigroup Global Markets Inc. ("Citigroup"), Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated ("Stifel") and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC ("Wells Fargo") as an additional sales agent under the Company’s ATM Plan. agents. During the threesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, we issued 464,4540 shares under the ATM Plan at a weighted average price of $20.91, which generated $9.6 million of gross proceeds.Plan. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017, we had issued 1,993,199 shares under the ATM Plan at a weighted average price of $21.92. As of September 30, 2017, there2020, there was approximately $6.3$90.4 million available for issuance under the ATM Plan.
In January 2014, the Company established a $25 million dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan ("(the "Prior DRSPP"). We filed a new $50 million shelf registration statement for the dividend reinvestment and stock purchase plan (the "New DRSPP" and together with the Prior DRSPP, the "DRSPPs") on December 28, 2017 to replace the prior program. Under the DRSPP,DRSPPs, shareholders may purchase additional common shares by reinvesting some or all of the cash dividends received on the Company's common shares. Shareholders may also make optional cash purchases of the Company's common shares subject to certain limitations detailed in the prospectus for the DRSPP. In January 2017, we filed a new $25 million registration statement for the DRSPP to replace the prior existing program.DRSPPs. During the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, we issued 149,3055,438 shares under the New DRSPP at a weighted average price of $20.92,$6.54, which generated $3.1 million$35.6 thousand of gross proceeds. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017, we had issued 360,436 shares under the DRSPP at a weighted average price of $20.54. As of September 30, 2017,2020, there was approximately $17.6$27.7 million available for issuance under the New DRSPP.
The net proceeds from any share offerings or issuances are contributed to Chatham Lodging, L.P., our operating partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), in exchange for partnership interests. Substantially all of the Company’s assets are held by, and all operations are conducted through, the Operating Partnership. Chatham Lodging Trust is the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership and owns 100%100.0% of the common units of limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership. Certain of the Company’s executive officers hold vested and unvested long-term incentive plan units in the Operating Partnership ("LTIP units"), which are presented as non-controlling interests on our consolidated balance sheets.
On January 1, 2016, the Company adopted accounting guidance under Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 810, "Consolidation,” modifying the analysis it must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. The guidance does not amend the existing disclosure requirements for variable interest entities ("VIEs") or voting interest model entities.  The guidance, however, modified the requirements to qualify under the voting interest model. Under the revised guidance, the Operating Partnership is a VIE of the Company. As the Operating Partnership is already consolidated in the financial statements of the Company, the identification of this entity as a VIE has no impact on the consolidated financial statements of the Company.  There were no other legal entities qualifying under the scope of the revised guidance that were consolidated as a result of the adoption.  In addition, there were no other voting interest entities under prior existing guidance determined to be variable interest entities under the revised guidance.
As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, the Company wholly owned 3940 hotels with an aggregate of 5,8436,092 rooms located in 15 states and the District of Columbia. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, the Company also (i) held a 10.3% noncontrolling interest in a joint venture (the “NewINK JV”) with affiliates of Colony NorthStar,Capital, Inc. ("CLNS"CLNY"), which was formed in the second quarter of 2014 andcurrently owns 46 hotels acquired47 hotels comprising an aggregate of 6,097 rooms from a joint venture (the "Innkeepers JV") between the Company and Cerberus Capital Management ("Cerberus"), comprising 5,948 rooms and (ii) held a 10.0%10% noncontrolling interest in a separate joint venture (the "Inland JV") with affiliates of CLNS,CLNY, which was formed in the fourth quarter of 2014 and acquiredowns 48 hotels acquired from Inland American Real Estate Trust, Inc. ("Inland"), comprising an aggregate of 6,4016,402 rooms. We sometimes referuse the term "JVs", which refers collectively to the NewINK JV and Inland JV collectively as the ("JVs").JV.

To qualify as a REIT, the Company cannot operate the hotels. Therefore, the Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries lease the Company's wholly owned hotels to taxable REIT subsidiary lessees (“TRS Lessees”), which are wholly owned by the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) holding company. The Company indirectly (i) owns its 10.3% interest in all of the 4746 NewINK JV hotels and (ii) owns its 10% interest in all of the 48 Inland JV hotels through the Operating Partnership. All of the NewINK JV hotels and Inland JV hotels are leased to TRS Lessees, in which the Company indirectly owns noncontrolling interests through its TRS holding company. Each hotel is leased to a TRS Lessee under a percentage lease that provides for rental payments equal to the greater of (i) a fixed base rent amount or (ii) a percentage rent based on hotel revenue. The initial term of each of the TRS leases is 5 years.years. Lease revenue from each TRS Lessee is eliminated in consolidation.
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The TRS Lessees have entered into management agreements with third-party management companies that provide day-to-day management for the hotels. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, Island Hospitality Management LLC (“IHM”), which is 51%52.5% owned by Jeffrey H. Fisher, the Company's Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, managed all 3940 of the Company’s wholly owned hotels. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, all of the NewINK JV hotels were managed by IHM. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, 34 of the Inland JV hotels were managed by IHM and 14 of the Inland JV hotels were managed by Marriott International, Inc. ("Marriott").


Liquidity

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the effects of travel restrictions both globally and in the United States, the hospitality industry has experienced drastic drops in demand. We believe the ongoing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations have had, and will continue to have, a material negative impact on our financial results and cash flows, and such negative impact may continue beyond the containment of the pandemic. On May 6, 2020, we amended our credit facility to suspend financial covenants through March 31, 2021 and provide access to the entire $250 million facility size. We have also taken additional measures to improve our liquidity, including reducing operating expenses, deferring capital expenditures, and suspending dividends. Based on the successful amendment of our credit facility and the steps we have taken to reduce hotel operating costs, delay capital expenditures and suspend dividends, we believe that we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our obligations for the foreseeable future.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies


Basis of Presentation


The accompanying unaudited interim consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and in conformity with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) applicable to interim financial information. These unaudited consolidated financial statements, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments consisting of normal, recurring adjustments which are considered necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of operations, consolidated statements of equity, and consolidated statements of cash flows for the periods presented. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of full year performance due to seasonal and other factors, including the timing of the acquisition or sale of hotels.


The consolidated financial statements include all of the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, and the related notes thereto as of December 31, 2016,2019, which are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016.2019.


Use of Estimates


The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the balance sheet date and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.


Recently Adopted Accounting Policies
3.    Recently Issued
On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted accounting guidance under Accounting Standards

On May 28, 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2014-09 ("ASU 2014-09"), Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU 2014-09 will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective. The standard permits the use of either the retrospective or modified retrospective approach. In July 2015, the FASB voted to defer the effective date to January 1, 2018 with early adoption beginning January 1, 2017. We are evaluating the effect that ASU 2014-09 will have on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. The Company is finalizing its evaluation of each of its revenue streams under the new model and because of the short-term, day-to-day nature of the Company's hotel revenues, the pattern of revenue recognition is not expected to change significantly. The Company does not expect adoption of this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. We expect to adopt the standard using the modified retrospective approach, which requires a cumulative effect adjustment, if any, as of the date of adoption. The new standard is effective for us beginning with the first quarter of 2018.

On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU  Codification (ASU) 2016-02 (“ASU 2016-02”), Leases, which relates to the accounting for leasing transactions.  This standardOn February 25, 2016, the FASB issued updated accounting guidance which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e., lessees and lessors). The new accounting guidance requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. The classification of the lease will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases. We adopted the new accounting guidance on January 1, 2019 and applied it based on the optional transition method provided for, which allows entities to recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the balance sheet on the adoption date. Upon adoption, we applied the package of practical expedients made available under the new accounting guidance and also make an accounting policy election to not recognize right-of-use assets andor lease liabilities for the rights and obligations created by leases with lease terms of more than 12 months.  In addition, this standard requires both lessees and lessors to disclose certain key information about lease transactions.  Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be less. For our ground lease agreements and corporate office lease agreement, all of which are currently
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accounted for similarly to existing guidance foras operating leases, today. The Company is the lessee on certain air/land rights arrangements and an officewe recognized lease and expects to record rightliabilities of $25.7 million with corresponding right-of use assets and lease liabilities for these leases under the new standard. This guidance is effective forof $23.1 million our consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019.

3. Disposition of Hotel Properties
On May 7, 2019, the Company sold the Courtyard by Marriott hotel in Altoona, PA for $4.6 million and recognized a loss on January 1, 2019, however, early adoption is permitted. The standard requires a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginningsale of the earliest comparative periodhotel property of $4.4 million. On May 15, 2019, the Company sold the SpringHill Suites by Marriott hotel in Washington, PA for $5.1 million and recognized a gain on the financial statements. The Company is evaluatingsale of the impacthotel property of $1.1 million. Proceeds from the sales were used to repay amounts outstanding on the Company's revolving credit facility. These sales did not represent a strategic shift that ASU 2016-02 will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

On August 26, 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15 ("ASU 2016-15"), Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which clarifies and provides specific guidance on eight cash flow classification issues with an objective to reduce the current diversity in practice. This standard will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years with earlier adoption permitted. The Company has certain cash payments and receipts related to debt extinguishment and distributions from equity method investments that will be affected by the new standard. The Company does not anticipate that this guidancehad or will have a material impactmajor effect on the adoption of ASU 2016-15Company's operations and financial results and did not qualify to our consolidated financial statements.be reported as discontinued operations.

On November 17, 2016,During the FASB issued ASU 2016-18 ("ASU 2016-18"), Restricted Cash, which requires thatthree and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. This standard will be effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years and all other entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. This standard addresses presentation of restricted cash in theCompany's consolidated statements of cash flows only and will have no effect on our reported consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

On January 5, 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01 ("ASU 2017-01"), Definition of a Business, which will likely result in more acquisitions being accounted for as asset acquisitions across all industries, particularly real estate, pharmaceutical and oil and gas. Application of the changes would also affect the accounting for disposal transactions. The changesoperations included operating income related to the definition of a business will likely result in more of the Company's property acquisitions qualifying as asset acquisitions, which will permit capitalization of acquisition costs. This standard will be effective for public business entities with a calendar year end in 2018 and all other entities have an additional year to adopt. The Company has adopted this guidance as of 2017. The adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.


4.    Acquisition of Hotel Properties
Hotel Purchase Price Allocation
We acquired the Hilton Garden Inn Portsmouth ("Portsmouth") hotel for $43.4 million on September 20,2017. The allocation of the purchase price was (dollars in thousands):
  Portsmouth
Acquisition date 9/20/2017
Number of Rooms 131
Land $3,600
Building and improvements 37,630
Furniture, fixtures and equipment 2,120
Cash 8
Accounts receivable 32
Prepaid expenses and other assets 12
Accounts payable and accrued expenses (27)
Net assets acquired $43,375
Net assets acquired, net of cash $43,367
The Company incurred acquisition costs of $0.4 million and $0.4 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and $0.6 million and $1.4 million, respectively, during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016.
The amount of revenue and operating income from the hotel acquired in 2017 from its respective date of acquisition through September 30, 2017 isdisposed hotels as follows (in thousands):
For the three months endedFor the six months ended
June 30,June 30,
2020201920202019
Altoona CY$—  $11  $—  $24  
Washington SHS—  33  —  198  
Total$—  $44  $—  $222  

 For the three months ended September 30,For the nine months ended September 30,
 2017201620172016
 RevenueOperating IncomeRevenueOperating IncomeRevenueOperating IncomeRevenueOperating Income
         
Hilton Garden Inn Portsmouth$392
$241
$
$
$392
$241
$
$
Total$392
$241
$
$
$392
$241
$
$

5.4. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts


The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts at a level believed to be adequate to absorb estimated probable losses. That estimate is based on past loss experience, current economic and market conditions and other relevant factors. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.2$0.4 million and $0.2$0.5 million as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 2016,2019, respectively.



6.5. Investment in Hotel Properties


Investment in Hotel Properties,net

Investment in hotel properties, net as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 20162019 consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Land and improvements$296,905  $296,884  
Building and improvements1,232,263  1,216,849  
Furniture, fixtures and equipment88,846  81,707  
Renovations in progress15,809  31,589  
1,633,823  1,627,029  
Less: accumulated depreciation(305,106) (279,913) 
Investment in hotel properties, net$1,328,717  $1,347,116  
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Land and improvements$284,655
 $274,554
Building and improvements1,087,046
 1,045,880
Furniture, fixtures and equipment59,040
 50,495
Renovations in progress14,807
 10,067
 1,445,548
 1,380,996
Less: accumulated depreciation(182,365) (147,902)
Investment in hotel properties, net$1,263,183
 $1,233,094

During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company identified indicators of impairment at its Washington SHS, PAInvestment in hotel primarily due to decreased operating performance and continued economic weakness. As such, the Company was required to performproperties under development

We are developing a test of recoverability. This test compared the sum of the estimated future undiscounted cash flow attributable to the hotel over its remaining anticipated holding period and to its disposition. The Company determined that the estimated undiscounted future cash flow attributable to the hotel did not exceed its carrying value and an impairment existed. As a result, the Company recorded a $6.7 million impairment charge in the consolidated statements of operations during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Fair value was determined basedLos Angeles, CA on a discounted cash flow model using third-party market data, considered Level 3 inputs.parcel of land owned by us. We may record additional impairment charges if operating resultshave incurred $30.5 million of this hotel are materially different from our forecasts, the economycosts to date, which includes $6.6 million of land acquisition costs and lodging industry weakens, or we shorten our contemplated holding period.$23.9 million of other development costs.
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6. Investment in Unconsolidated Entities


 On June 9, 2014, the Company acquired a 10.3% interest in the NewINK JV, a joint venture between affiliates of NorthStar Realty Finance Corp. ("NorthStar") and the Operating Partnership. The Company accounts for this investment under the equity method. NorthStar merged with Colony Capital, Inc. ("Colony") on January 10, 2017 to form a new company, CLNS,CLNY, which owns a 89.7% interest in the NewINK JV. The value of NewINK JV assets and liabilities were adjusted to reflect estimated fair market value at the time Colony merged with NorthStar. As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, the Company’s share of partners’ capital in the NewINK JV was approximately $52.8$5.2 million and $11.0$46.4 million, respectively, and the total difference between the carrying amount of investment and the Company’s share of partners’ capital was approximately $58.7$23.0 million and $16.3$56.5 million, respectively, (for which the basis difference related to amortizing assets is being recognized over the life of the related assets as a basis difference adjustment). The valueCompany offset approximately $32.2 million of its share of the NewINK JV assets and liabilities were adjusted to reflect estimated fair market value atJV's impairment loss in the time Colony merged with NorthStar.current period by its remaining basis difference in the NewINK JV. The Company serves as managing member of the NewINK JV. During the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, the Company received cash distributions from the NewINK JV as follows (in thousands):

 For the three months ended For the nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Cash generated from other activities and excess cash$1,182
 $1,542
 $1,901
 $4,111
Total$1,182
 $1,542
 $1,901
 $4,111


For the three months endedFor the six months ended
June 30,June 30,
2020201920202019
Cash generated from other activities and excess cash$—  $411  $—  $411  
Total$—  $411  $—  $411  


On November 17, 2014, the Company acquired a 10.0% interest in the Inland JV, a joint venture between affiliates of NorthStar and the Operating Partnership. The Company accounts for this investment under the equity method. NorthStar merged with Colony Capital, Inc. ("Colony") on January 10, 2017 to form a new company, CLNS,CLNY, which owns a 90.0%90% interest in the Inland JV. As of September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company's share of partners' capital in the Inland JV was approximately $36.6 million and $20.9 million, respectively, and the total difference between the carrying amount of the investment and the Company's share of partners' capital is approximately $11.2 million and $0.0 million, respectively (for which the basis difference related to amortizing assets is being recognized over the life of the related assets as a basis difference adjustment).  The value of Inland JV assets and liabilities were adjusted to reflect estimated fair market value at the time Colony merged with NorthStar. The Company serves as managing member of the Inland JV. During the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, the Company received 0 cash distributions from the Inland JV as follows (in thousands):JV.


 For the three months ended For the nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Cash generated from other activities and excess cash$100
 $1,000
 100
 $2,500
Total$100
 $1,000
 100
 $2,500


On May 9, 2017, the NewINK JV refinanced the $840.0 million loan collateralized by the 47 hotels then owned with a new $850.0 million loan with an interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a spread of 2.79%, an initial maturity date of June 7, 2019 and 3 one-year extension options. The NewINK JV exercised the first extension and the maturity was extended to June 7, 2020. On November 7, 2019, the NewINK JV refinanced the $850.0 millionloan. The loan with a new $855.0 million non-recourse loan is withfrom Morgan Stanley Bank, N.A., JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association, and Bank of America, N.A. (collectively the "Lender"), collateralized by the then owned 46 hotels. The new loan bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a spread of 2.79%2.82%, has an initial maturity of JuneNovember 7, 20192021 and three5 one-year extension options.


On April 7, 2020 and May 7, 2020, the NewINK JV failed to make debt service payments related to its $855.0 million loan. The servicer and lender subsequently agreed to fund the April 7, 2020 and May 7, 2020 interest payments for the senior portion of the loan from restricted cash balances that were originally escrowed to fund future capital expenditures. The NewINK JV made the debt payment due to senior lenders on June, 7, 2020 but has not made the debt payment due to senior lenders on July 7, 2020.The NewINK JV did not make the interest payment due to mezzanine lenders on April 7, 2020 and has not made any of the subsequent monthly interest payments due to mezzanine lenders. The failure to make the required debt service payments is an event of default under the NewINK loan agreement and could result in a foreclosure by the lender. The NewINK JV is attempting to negotiate a forbearance agreement with the lender but cannot provide any assurance that such an agreement will be reached. The NewINK JV debt is non-recourse to Chatham with the exception of customary non-recourse carve-out provisions such as fraud, material and intentional misrepresentations and misapplication of funds. A default under the NewINK loan agreement does not trigger a cross-default under any of Chatham’s debt agreements.

On June 9, 2017, the Inland JV refinanced the $817.0 million loan collateralized by the 48 hotels with a new $780.0$780.0 millionnon-recourse loan with Column Financial, Inc. On June 9, 2017, the Company contributed an additional$5.0 $5.0 million of capital related to its share in the Inland JV to reduce the debt collateralized by the 48 hotels. The new loan bears interest at a rate of LIBOR plus a spread of 3.3%, hashad an initial maturity date of July 9, 2019 and three3 one-year extension options. The Inland JV exercised the first extension and the maturity was extended to July 9, 2020.


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On April 9, 2020 the Inland JV failed to make a debt service payment related to its $780.0 million loan and has not made any of its subsequent monthly debt service payments. The failure to make the required debt service payments is an event of default under the Inland loan agreement. The Inland JV has not been successful in negotiating a forbearance agreement with its lenders. The Inland JV debt is non-recourse to Chatham with the exception of customary non-recourse carve-out provisions such as fraud, material and intentional misrepresentations and misapplication of funds. A default under the Inland JV loan agreement does not trigger a cross-default under any of Chatham’s debt agreements.

The Company’s ownership interests in the JVs are subject to change in the event that either the Company or CLNSCLNY calls for additional capital contributions to the respective JVs necessary for the conduct of business, including contributions to fund costs and expenses related to capital expenditures. In connection with (i) the non-recourse mortgage loan secured by the NewINK JV properties and the related non-recourse mezzanine loan secured by the membership interests in the owners of the NewINK JV properties  and (ii)  the non-recourse mortgage loan secured by the Inland JV properties, the Operating Partnership provided the applicable lenders with customary environmental indemnities, as well as  guarantees of certain customary non-recourse carveoutcarve-out provisions such as fraud, material and intentional misrepresentations and misapplication of funds.  In some circumstances, such as the bankruptcy of the applicable borrowers, the guarantees are for the full amount of the outstanding debt, but in most circumstances, the guarantees are capped at 15% of the debt outstanding at the time in question (in the case of the NewINK JV loans) or 20% of the debt outstanding at the time in question (in the case of the Inland JV loans).  In connection with each of the NewINK JV and Inland JV loans, the Operating Partnership has entered into a contribution agreement with its JV partner whereby the JV partner is, in most cases, responsible to cover such JV partner’s pro rata share of any amounts due by the Operating Partnership under the applicable guarantees and environmental indemnities. The Company manages the JVs and will receive a promote interest in each applicable JV if it meets certain return thresholds for such JV. CLNSCLNY may also approve certain actions by the JVs without the Company’s consent, including certain property dispositions conducted at arm’s length, certain actions related to the restructuring of the applicable JV and removal of the Company as managing member in the event the Company fails to fulfill its material obligations under the applicable joint venture agreement.

During the three months ended March 31, 2020, the Company determined that an other than temporary decline in the value of its equity investment in the Inland JV had occurred. The Inland JV’s operating performance has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Inland JV has high leverage, limited liquidity and limited ability to fund the current level of operating losses caused by the COVID-19 pandemic for a sustained period of time. Based on these factors, we have assessed that the fair market value of our equity investment in the Inland JV is $0 and the Company did not consider the investment recoverable and therefore recorded an impairment of $15.3 million on the investment. Since the Company’s basis in the Inland JV is now $0 and we expect that ongoing losses are not sustainable, we stopped recording any equity income or losses from the Inland JV as of March 31, 2020.

The Company's investmentrecorded investments in the NewINK JV and the Inland JV were $(6.0)$(17.8) million and $25.4$0.0 million, respectively, at SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and $(6.0) million and $20.4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016.2020. The following table sets forth the combined components of net income,loss, including the Company’s share, related to the NewINK JV and Inland JVall JVs for the three and six months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 (in thousands):


For the three months endedFor the six months ended
June 30,June 30,
2020201920202019
Revenue$37,897  $134,457  $128,767  $246,576  
Total hotel operating expenses39,987  84,974  111,952  164,073  
Hotel operating (loss) income$(2,090) $49,483  $16,815  $82,503  
Impairment loss$561,494  $—  $575,375  $—  
Net (loss) income from continuing operations$(604,721) $565  $(645,006) $(14,454) 
Gain (loss) on sale of hotels68  —  (14) —  
Net (loss) income$(604,653) $565  $(645,020) $(14,454) 
(Loss) income allocable to the Company$(1,905) $58  $(5,977) $(1,464) 
Basis difference adjustment327  399  726  798  
Total (loss) income from unconsolidated real estate entities attributable to the Company$(1,578) $457  $(5,251) $(666) 

12
 For the three months endedFor the nine months ended
 September 30,September 30,
 2017 20162017 2016
Revenue$134,048
 $132,991
$372,813
 $372,251
Total hotel operating expenses78,107
 75,948
221,366
 218,400
Operating income$55,941
 $57,043
$151,447
 $153,851
Net income from continuing operations$7,721
 $8,794
$8,282
 $8,673
Net income$7,721
 $8,794
$8,282
 $8,673
       
Income allocable to the Company$790
 $901
$855
 $896
Basis difference adjustment399
 150
1,176
 450
Total income from unconsolidated real estate entities attributable to the Company$1,189
 $1,051
$2,031
 $1,346

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8.7. Debt


The Company’s mortgage loans are collateralized by first-mortgage liens on certain of the Company’s properties. The mortgagesmortgage loans are non-recourse except for instances of fraud or misapplication of funds. Mortgage and senior unsecured revolving credit facility debt consisted of the following (dollars in thousands):
 
Collateral
Interest
Rate
 Maturity Date 9/30/17
Property
Carrying
Value
 Balance Outstanding on Loan as ofCollateralInterest RateMaturity Date6/30/20 Property Carrying ValueBalance Outstanding on Loan as of
September 30, 2017 December 31,
2016
June 30, 2020December 31,
2019
Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (1)
4.03% November 25, 2019 $
 $75,000
 $52,500
Revolving Credit Facility (1)Revolving Credit Facility (1)3.11 %March 8, 2022$397,214  $173,000  $90,000  
Residence Inn by Marriott New Rochelle, NY5.75% September 1, 2021 19,381
 13,859
 14,141
Residence Inn by Marriott New Rochelle, NY5.75 %September 1, 202120,455  12,790  12,936  
Residence Inn by Marriott San Diego, CA4.66% February 6, 2023 45,257
 28,612
 29,026
Residence Inn by Marriott San Diego, CA4.66 %February 6, 202344,234  26,957  27,272  
Homewood Suites by Hilton San Antonio, TX4.59% February 6, 2023 32,074
 16,336
 16,575
Homewood Suites by Hilton San Antonio, TX4.59 %February 6, 202329,231  15,381  15,563  
Residence Inn by Marriott Vienna, VA4.49% February 6, 2023 30,419
 22,365
 22,699
Residence Inn by Marriott Vienna, VA4.49 %February 6, 202331,535  21,038  21,291  
Courtyard by Marriott Houston, TX4.19% May 6, 2023 32,381
 18,473
 18,758
Courtyard by Marriott Houston, TX4.19 %May 6, 202330,651  17,345  17,559  
Hyatt Place Pittsburgh, PA4.65% July 6, 2023 35,036
 22,546
 22,864
Hyatt Place Pittsburgh, PA4.65 %July 6, 202334,361  21,278  21,520  
Residence Inn by Marriott Bellevue, WA4.97% December 6, 2023 67,833
 45,653
 46,206
Residence Inn by Marriott Bellevue, WA4.97 %December 6, 202363,198  43,433  43,857  
Residence Inn by Marriott Garden Grove, CA4.79% April 6, 2024 38,984
 33,291
 33,674
Residence Inn by Marriott Garden Grove, CA4.79 %April 6, 202441,239  31,762  32,053  
Residence Inn by Marriott Silicon Valley I, CA4.64% July 1, 2024 80,296
 64,800
 64,800
Residence Inn by Marriott Silicon Valley I, CA4.64 %July 1, 202477,528  63,918  64,406  
Residence Inn by Marriott Silicon Valley II, CA4.64% July 1, 2024 87,836
 70,700
 70,700
Residence Inn by Marriott Silicon Valley II, CA4.64 %July 1, 202485,898  69,738  70,270  
Residence Inn by Marriott San Mateo, CA4.64% July 1, 2024 63,527
 48,600
 48,600
Residence Inn by Marriott San Mateo, CA4.64 %July 1, 202463,983  47,939  48,305  
Residence Inn by Marriott Mountain View, CA4.64% July 6, 2024 55,668
 37,900
 37,900
Residence Inn by Marriott Mountain View, CA4.64 %July 6, 202451,144  37,384  37,670  
SpringHill Suites by Marriott Savannah, GA4.62% July 6, 2024 36,535
 30,000
 30,000
SpringHill Suites by Marriott Savannah, GA4.62 %July 6, 202433,953  29,590  29,817  
Hilton Garden Inn Marina del Rey, CA4.68% July 6, 2024 42,145
 21,859
 22,145
Hilton Garden Inn Marina del Rey, CA4.68 %July 6, 202438,620  20,713  20,931  
Homewood Suites by Hilton Billerica, MA4.32% December 6, 2024 11,435
 16,225
 16,225
Homewood Suites by Hilton Billerica, MA4.32 %December 6, 202413,489  15,553  15,693  
Homewood Suites by Hilton Carlsbad CA4.32% December 6, 2024 29,185
 19,950
 19,950
Hampton Inn & Suites Houston Medical Center, TX4.25% January 6, 2025 15,170
 18,300
 18,300
Hampton Inn & Suites Houston Medical Center, TX4.25 %January 6, 202516,111  17,558  17,717  
       
Total debt before unamortized debt issue costs  $723,162
 $604,469
 $585,063
Total debt before unamortized debt issue costs$1,072,844  $665,377  $586,860  
Unamortized mortgage debt issue costs    (2,325) (2,240)Unamortized mortgage debt issue costs(1,202) (1,395) 
Total debt outstanding    $602,144
 $582,823
Total debt outstanding$664,175  $585,465  
 
(1)
(1)The interest rate for the senior unsecured revolving credit facility is variable and based on LIBOR (subject to a 0.5% floor) plus a spread of 2.5% if borrowings remain at or below $200 million and a spread of 3.0% if borrowings exceed $200 million.
At June 30, 2020 and based on either LIBOR plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.55% to 2.3%, or prime plus an applicable margin of 0.55% to 1.3%.

At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016,2019, the Company had $75.0$173.0 million and $52.5$90.0 million,, respectively, of outstanding borrowings under its senior unsecured$250.0 million revolving credit facility. At September 30, 2017, the maximum borrowing availability under the senior unsecured revolving credit facility was $250.0 million.
The Company estimates the fair value of its fixed rate debt by discounting the future cash flows of each instrument at estimated market rates. All of the Company's mortgage loans are fixed-rate. Rates take into consideration general market conditions, quality and estimated value of collateral and maturity of debt with similar credit terms and are classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The estimated fair value of the Company’s fixed rate debt as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 20162019 was $534.1$479.5 million and $516.0$501.5 million,, respectively.
The Company estimates the fair value of its variable rate debt by taking into account general market conditions and the estimated credit terms it could obtain for debt with similar maturity and is classified within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, the Company’s only variable rate debt is under its senior unsecured revolving credit facility. The estimated fair value of the Company’sCompany���s variable rate debt as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 20162019 was $75.0$173.0 million and $52.5$90.0 million,, respectively.

13

Table of Contents
On May 6, 2020, the company amended its credit facility to provide it with certain relief from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The amendment provides for the waiver of certain financial covenants through March 31, 2021 and allows Chatham to borrow up to the entire $250 million facility size during this period. During this covenant waiver period, Chatham will be required to maintain a minimum liquidity of $25 million which will include both unrestricted cash and credit facility availability. In connection with the amendment, Chatham added 6 hotels to the credit facility’s borrowing base which now has a total of 18 properties. The amendment provided Chatham’s credit facility lenders with pledges of the equity in the 18 borrowing base hotels. The amendment places additional limits on Chatham’s ability to incur debt, pay dividends, and make capital expenditures during the covenant waiver period. During the covenant waiver period interest will be calculated as LIBOR (subject to a 0.5% floor) plus a spread of 2.5% if borrowings remain at or below $200 million and a spread of 3.0% if borrowings exceed $200 million. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, the Company was in compliance with all of its modified financial covenants. At September 30, 2017, the Company’s consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio was 3.29 and the bank covenant is 1.5.
Future scheduled principal payments of debt obligations as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, for the current year and each of the next fourfive calendar years and thereafter are as follows (in thousands):
Amount
2020 (remaining six months)$4,982  
202122,050  
2022182,954  
2023143,084  
2024296,387  
202515,920  
Thereafter—  
Total debt before unamortized debt issue costs$665,377  
Unamortized mortgage debt issue costs(1,202) 
Total debt outstanding$664,175  


 Amount
2017 (remaining three months)$1,239
20185,374
201982,340
20209,899
202122,308
202210,350
Thereafter472,959
Total debt before unamortized debt issue costs$604,469
Unamortized mortgage debt issue costs(2,325)
Total debt outstanding$602,144
9.8. Income Taxes


The Company’s TRS is subject to federal and state income taxes.
The components of income Income tax expense was 0 for the following periods are as follows (in thousands):
 For the three months ended For the nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Federal$
 $(10) $271
 $142
State
 (2) 46
 25
Tax expense (benefit)$
 $(12) $317
 $167
three months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 and 0 for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019
As of each reporting date, the Company's management considers new evidence, both positive and negative, that could impact management's view with regard to future realization of deferred tax assets. The Company's TRS is expecting increasedcontinued taxable losses in 2017.2020. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and during the period,2020, the TRS continues to recognize a full valuation allowance equal to 100% of the grossnet deferred tax assetassets, with the exception of the AMT tax credit, due to the uncertainty of the TRS's ability to utilize these net deferred tax assets. Management will continue to monitor the need for a valuation allowanceallowance.
During the third quarter of 2018, the Company was notified that the tax return of the Company's TRS was going to be examined by the Internal Revenue Service for the tax year ended December 31, 2016. The examination remains open. The Company believes it does not need to record a liability related to matters contained in the tax period open to examination. However, should the Company experience an unfavorable outcome in the matter, such outcome could have a material impact on a quarterly basis.its results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

14
10.

Table of Contents

9. Dividends Declared and Paid


The Company declared total common share dividends of $0.33$0.22 per share and distributions on LTIP units of $0.33$0.22 per unit for the threesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 and $0.99 per share and distributions on LTIP units2020. The Company suspended dividends beginning after the payment of $0.99 per unit for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.March 27, 2020 dividend due to a decline in operating performance caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The dividends and distributions were as follows:
Record DatePayment DateCommon share distribution amountLTIP unit distribution amount
January1/31/20202/28/2020$0.11  $0.11  
February2/28/20203/27/20200.11  0.11  
1st Quarter 2020$0.22  $0.22  
Total 2020$0.22  $0.22  

  
Record
Date
 
Payment
Date
 
Common
share
distribution
amount
 
LTIP
unit
distribution
amount
January1/31/2017 2/24/2017 $0.11
 $0.11
February2/28/2017 3/31/2017 0.11
 0.11
March3/31/2017 4/28/2017 0.11
 0.11
1st Quarter 2017    $0.33
 $0.33
        
April4/28/2017 5/26/2017 $0.11
 $0.11
May5/26/2017 6/30/2017 0.11
 0.11
June6/30/2017 7/28/2017 0.11
 $0.11
2nd Quarter 2017    $0.33
 $0.33
        
July7/31/2017 8/25/2017 $0.11
 $0.11
August8/31/2017 9/29/2017 0.11
 0.11
September9/29/2017 10/27/2017 0.11
 0.11
3rd Quarter 2017    $0.33
 $0.33
        
Total 2017    $0.99
 $0.99


11.10. Earnings Per Share


The two-class method is used to determine earnings per share because unvested restricted shares and unvested LTIP units are considered to be participating shares. The LTIP units held by the non-controlling interest holders, which may be converted to common shares of beneficial interest, have been excluded from the denominator of the diluted earnings per share calculation as there would be no effect on the amounts since limited partners' share of income or loss would also be added back to net income or loss. Unvested restricted shares, unvested long-term incentive plan units and unvested Class A Performance LTIP units that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future would not be included in the computation of diluted loss per share, for the periods where a loss has been recorded, because they would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented. The following is a reconciliation of the amounts used in calculating basic and diluted net income per share (in thousands, except share and per share data):
For the three months endedFor the six months ended
June 30,June 30,
2020201920202019
Numerator:
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders$(26,827) $9,437  $(54,610) $11,050  
Dividends paid on unvested shares and units—  (107) (50) (192) 
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders$(26,827) $9,330  $(54,660) $10,858  
Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares - basic46,960,289  46,760,016  46,954,411  46,658,973  
Unvested shares—  216,983  —  196,943  
Weighted average number of common shares - diluted46,960,289  46,976,999  46,954,411  46,855,916  
Basic income (loss) per Common Share:
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per weighted average basic common share$(0.57) $0.20  $(1.16) $0.23  
Diluted income (loss) per Common Share:
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per weighted average diluted common share$(0.57) $0.20  $(1.16) $0.23  

15
 For the three months ended For the nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Numerator:       
Net income attributable to common shareholders$14,392
 $13,355
 $24,055
 $28,823
Dividends paid on unvested shares and units(64) (48) (171) (141)
Undistributed earnings allocated to unvested shares and units
 
 
 
Net income attributable to common shareholders$14,328
 $13,307
 $23,884
 $28,682
Denominator:       
Weighted average number of common shares - basic39,298,974
 38,307,382
 38,731,900
 38,293,704
Unvested shares251,520
 260,080
 228,555
 226,985
Weighted average number of common shares - diluted39,550,494
 38,567,462
 38,960,455
 38,520,689
Basic income per Common Share:       
Net income attributable to common shareholders per weighted average basic common share$0.36
 $0.35
 $0.62
 $0.75
Diluted income per Common Share:       
Net income attributable to common shareholders per weighted average diluted common share$0.36
 $0.35
 $0.61
 $0.74

Table of Contents

12.11. Equity Incentive Plan


The Company maintains its Equity Incentive Plan to attract and retain independent trustees, executive officers and other key employees and service providers. The plan provides for the grant of options to purchase common shares, share awards, share appreciation rights, performance units and other equity-based awards. The plan was amended and restated as of May 17, 2013 to increase the maximum number of shares available under the plan to 3,000,000 shares. Share awards under this plan generally vest over three years, though compensation for the Company’s independent trustees includes share grants that vest immediately. The Company pays dividends on unvested shares and units, except for performance basedperformance-based shares and outperformance based units, for which dividends on unvested performance basedperformance-based shares and units are accrued and not paid until those shares or units vest. Certain awards may provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change in control. In January 20172020 and 2016,2019, the Company issued 23,98024,516 and 26,48827,870 common shares, respectively, to its independent trustees as compensation for services performed in 20162019 and 2015,2018, respectively. The quantity of shares was calculated based on the average of the closing price for the Company’s common shares on the NYSE for the last ten trading days of 2016. The Company would have distributed 17,745 common shares for services performed in 2017 had this liability classified award been satisfied as of September 30, 2017. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, there were 1,871,942760,748 common shares available for issuance under the Equity Incentive Plan.
Restricted Share Awards
A summary ofFrom time to time, the Company may award restricted shares granted to executive officers that have not fully vested pursuant tounder the Equity Incentive Plan as of September 30, 2017 is as follows:
Award TypeAward Date Total Shares Granted Vested as of September 30, 2017
2014 Time-based Awards1/31/2014 48,213
 48,213
2014 Performance-based Awards1/31/2014 38,805
 12,935
2015 Time-based Awards1/30/2015 40,161
 26,774
2015 Performance-based Awards1/30/2015 36,144
 
2015 Time-based Awards6/1/2015 8,949
 5,966
2017 Restricted Board Awards1/11/2017 5,000
 
Time-based share awards vest over a three-year period. The performance-based share awards will be issuedcompensation to officers, employees and vest over a three-year period only if and to the extent that long-term performance criteria established by the Board of Trustees are met and the recipient remains employed by the Company through the vesting date.
non-employee trustees. The Company measuresrecognizes compensation expense for time-based share awards based upon the fair market value of its commonrestricted shares at the date of grant. For the performance-based shares granted in 2014 and 2015, compensation expense is based on a valuation of $13.17 and $21.21, respectively, per performance share granted, which takes into account that some or all of the awards may not vest if long-term performance criteria are not met during the vesting period. The 2014 performance-based shares did not meet the vesting criteria for 2015 or 2016 causing those shares not to be eligible for future vesting.
The grant date fair values of the performance-based share awards were determined using a Monte Carlo simulation method with the following assumptions:
Performance Award     Risk Free Interest
Grant Date Volatility Dividend Yield Rate
1/31/2014 27% —% 0.71%
1/30/2015 29% —% 0.84%
Compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period and is included in general and administrative expense in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. The Company pays dividends on unvested time-based restricted shares. Dividends for performance-based shares are accrued and paid annually only if and to the extent that long-term performance criteria established by the Board of Trustees are met and the recipient remains employed by the Companybased on the vesting date.fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance.

A summary of the Company’s restricted share awards for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and the year ended December 31, 20162019 is as follows:
Six Months EndedYear Ended
June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Number of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of SharesWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at beginning of the period5,001  $18.33  8,334  $18.52  
Granted—  —  —  —  
Vested(1,667) 20.20  (3,333) 18.80  
Forfeited—  —  —  —  
Non-vested at end of the period3,334  $17.40  5,001  $18.33  
 Nine Months Ended Year Ended
 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted -
Average  Grant
Date Fair
Value
 
Number of
Shares
 
Weighted -
Average  Grant
Date Fair
Value
Non-vested at beginning of the period110,825
 $22.05
 170,480
 $21.38
Granted5,000
 20.20
 
 
Vested(32,441) 25.77
 (59,655) 20.14
Forfeited(25,870) $13.17
 
 $
Non-vested at end of the period57,514
 $23.78
 110,825
 $22.05

As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 2016,2019, there were $0.3 million$43.0 thousand and $0.9 million,$58.5 thousand, respectively, of unrecognized compensation costs related to restricted share awards. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, these costs were expected to be recognized over a weighted–average period of approximately 0.8 years.1.5 years. For the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, the Company recognized approximately $0.2 million$7.3 thousand and $0.3 million,$15.7 thousand, respectively, and for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, the Company recognized approximately $0.6 million$15.5 thousand and $1.0 million,$31.3 thousand, respectively, of expense related to the restricted share awards. This expense is included in general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements

16

Table of operations.Contents
Long-Term Incentive Plan UnitsAwards


The Company recorded $0.7 million and $0.3 million in compensation expense related to the LTIP units for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the Company recognized approximately $1.8 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Asare a special class of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there was $5.1 million and $2.6 million, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to LTIP units. This cost is expected to be recognized over approximately 2.1 years, which represents the weighted average remaining vesting period of the LTIP units. Upon the closing of the Company's equity offering on September 30, 2013, the Company determined that a revaluation event occurred, as definedpartnership interests in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), and 26,250 LTIP units awarded in 2010 and held by one of the officers of the Company had achieved full parity with the common units of the Operating Partnership with respectwhich may be issued to liquidating distributions and all other purposes. 100%eligible participants for the performance of these units have vested as of September 30, 2017. As of June 4, 2014,services to or for the Company determined that a revaluation event occurred, as defined in the Code, and 231,525 LTIP units awarded in 2010 and held by two other officersbenefit of the Company had achieved full parity withCompany. Under the Equity Incentive Plan, each LTIP unit issued is deemed equivalent to an award of one common unitsshare thereby reducing the number of the Operating Partnership with respect to liquidating distributions and allshares available for other purposes. As of September 30, 2017, 100% of these units have vested. As of June 1, 2017, the Company determined thatequity awards on a revaluation event occurred, as defined in the Code, and 118,791 and 128,859 LTIP units awarded in 2016 and 2017, respectively, and held by six officers of the Company had achieved full parity with the common units of the Operating Partnership with respect to liquidating distributions and all other purposes. As of September 30, 2017, 33% and 0% of these units awarded in 2016 and 2017, respectively, have vested. Accordingly, these LTIP units awarded in 2010, 2016 and 2017 are allocated their pro-rata share of the Company's net income.1-for-one basis.


A summary of the Company's LTIP Unit awards for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and the year ended December 31, 20162019 is as follows:
Nine Months Ended Year EndedSix Months EndedYear Ended
September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016June 30, 2020December 31, 2019
Number of
Shares
 Weighted -
Average  Grant
Date Fair
Value
 Number of
Shares
 Weighted -
Average  Grant
Date Fair
Value
Number of UnitsWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of UnitsWeighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested at beginning of the period295,551
 $14.36
 183,300
 $14.13
Non-vested at beginning of the period598,320  $18.30  476,398  $17.73  
Granted223,922
 19.20
 112,251
 14.73
Granted325,507  13.42  221,853  18.73  
Vested(37,417) 14.73
 
 
Vested(254,218) 18.82  (99,931) 16.55  
ForfeitedForfeited—  $—  —  $—  
Non-vested at end of the period482,056
 $16.58
 295,551
 $14.36
Non-vested at end of the period669,609  $15.73  598,320  $18.30  


Outperformance Plan LTIP Awards

On June 1, 2015, the Company's Operating Partnership granted 183,300 Class A Performance LTIP units, as recommended by the Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Compensation Committee”), pursuant to a long-term, multi-year performance plan (the “Outperformance Plan”). The awards granted pursuant to the Outperformance Plan are subject to two separate performance measurements, with 60%As of the award (the "Absolute Award") based solely on the Company's total shareholder return ("TSR") (the "Absolute TSR Component") and 40% of the award (the "Relative Award") measured by the Company's TSR (the "Relative TSR Component") relative to the other companies (the "Index Companies") that were constituents of the SNL US REIT Hotel Index (the "Index") during the entire measurement period. Under the Absolute TSR Component, 37.5% of the Absolute Award is earned if the Company achieves a 25% TSR over the measurement period. That percentage increases on a linear basis with the full Absolute Award being earned at a 50% TSR over the measurement period. For TSR performance below 25%, no portion of the Absolute Award will be earned. Under the Relative TSR Component, 37.5% of the Relative Award is earned if the Company is at the 50th percentile of the Index Companies at the end of the measurement period. That percentage increases on a linear basis with the full Relative Award earned if the Company is at the 75th percentile of the Index Companies at the end of the measurement period. If the Company is below the 50th percentile of the Index Companies at the end of the measurement period, no portion of the Relative Award will be earned. Compensation expense is based on an estimated value of $14.13 per Class A Performance LTIP unit, which takes into account that some or all of the awards may not vest if long-term performance criteria are not met during the vesting period. Awards earned under the Outperformance Plan will vest 50% at the end of the three-year measurement period on June 1, 2018, and 25% each on the one-year and two-year anniversaries of the end of the three-year measurement period, or June 1, 2019 and 2020, respectively, and provided that the recipient remains employed by the Company through the vesting dates. In the event of a Change in Control (as defined in the executive officers’ employment agreements), Outperformance Plan awards will be earned contingent upon the attainment of a pro rata TSR hurdle for the Absolute Award and achievement of the relative TSR percentile for the Relative Award based upon the in-place formula and using the Change of Control as the end of measurement period. Vesting continues to apply to awards earned upon a Change of Control, subject to full acceleration upon termination without cause or resignation for good reason within 18 months of the Change of Control. Prior to vesting, holders of Class A Performance LTIP Units will not be entitled to vote their Class A Performance LTIP units. In addition, under the terms of the Class A Performance LTIP units a holderdid not meet the required market based Total Shareholder Return ("TSR") measurements and therefore, the accrued dividends and units have been forfeited. The expense related to these LTIP units was completely amortized as of a Class A Performance LTIP unit will generally (i) be entitled to receive 10% of the distributions made on a common unit of the Operating Partnership during the period prior to vesting of such Class A Performance LTIP unit (the “Pre-Vesting Distributions”), (ii) be entitled, upon the vesting of such Class A Performance LTIP unit, to receive a special one-time “catch-up” distribution equal to the aggregate amount of distributions that were paid on a common unit during the period prior to vesting of such Class A Performance LTIP unit minus the aggregate amount of Pre-Vesting Distributions paid on such Class A Performance LTIP unit, and (iii) be entitled, following the vesting of such Class A Performance LTIP unit, to receive the same amount of distributions paid on a common unit of the Operating Partnership.May 31, 2020.

Time-Based Equity IncentiveLTIP Awards


On January 28, 2016,March 1, 2020, the Company’s Operating Partnership, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, granted 72,966130,206 time-based LTIP unit awards (the “2016“2020 Time-Based LTIP Unit Award”). The grants were made pursuant to award agreements that provide for time-based vesting.vesting (the "LTIP Unit Time-Based Vesting Agreement").


The 2016 Time-BasedTime-based LTIP Unit Awards will vest ratably on each of January 28, 2017, January 28, 2018 and January 28, 2019 (providedprovided that the recipient remains employed by the Company through the applicable vesting date, subject to acceleration of vesting in the event of the recipient’s death, disability, termination without cause or resignation with good reason, or in the event of a change of control of the Company).Company. Prior to vesting, a holder is entitled to receive distributions on the LTIP Units that comprise the 20162020 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards. Compensation expense is based on an estimated value of $16.69 per 2016 Time-BasedAwards and the prior year LTIP Unit Award.unit Awards set forth in the table above.

Performance-Based LTIP Awards

On March 1, 2017,2020, the Company's Operating Partnership, upon recommendation of the Compensation Committee, granted 89,574 time-based awards (the "2017 Time-Based LTIP Unit Award"). The grants were made pursuant to the award agreements that provide for time-based vesting.
The 2017 Time-based LTIP Unit Awards will vest ratably on each of March 1, 2018, March 1, 2019 and March 1, 2020 (provided that the recipient remains employed by the Company through the applicable vesting date, subject to acceleration of vesting in the event of the recipient’s death, disability, termination without cause or resignation with good reason, or in the event of a change of control of the Company). Prior to vesting, a holder is entitled to receive distributions on the LTIP Units that comprise the 2017 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards. Compensation expense is based on an estimated value of $18.53 per 2017 Time-Based LTIP Unit Award.

Performance-Based Equity Incentive Awards
On January 28, 2016, the Company’s Operating Partnership, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, also granted 39,285195,301 performance-based LTIP unit awards (the "2016"2020 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards"). The grants were made pursuant to award agreements that provide for performance-based vesting. have market based vesting conditions. The 2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards are comprised of Class A Performance LTIP Units that will vest only if and to the extent that (i) the Company achieves certain long-term performancemarket based TSR criteria established by the Compensation Committee and (ii) the recipient remains employed by the Company through the applicable vesting date, subject to acceleration of vesting in the event of the recipient’s death, disability, termination without cause or resignation with good reason, or in the event of a change of control of the Company. Compensation expense is based on an estimated value of $11.09$13.66 per 20162020 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Award, which takes into account that some or all of the awards may not vest if long-term performancemarket based TSR criteria are not met during the vesting period.


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The 2016 2020 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards shall vest based on the following:

(a) The number of Class A Performance LTIP Units that most nearly equals (but does not exceed) one-third of the Class A Performance LTIP Units issued pursuant to such 2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Award shall vest on January 28, 2017, if the Total Shareholder Return for the 12-month period beginning January 28, 2016 and ending on January 27, 2017 is 8% or more.

(b) The number of Class A Performance LTIP Units that most nearly equals (but does not exceed) one-third of the Class A Performance LTIP Units issued pursuant to such 2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Award shall vest on January 28, 2018, if the Total Shareholder Return for the 12-month period beginning January 28, 2017 and ending on January 27, 2018 is 8% or more.

(c) The number of Class A Performance LTIP Units that most nearly equals (but does not exceed) one-third of the Class A Performance LTIP Units issued pursuant to such 2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Award shall vest on January 28, 2019, if the Total Shareholder Return for the 12-month period beginning January 28, 2018 and ending on January 27, 2019 is 8% or more.

(d) All of the Class A Performance LTIP Units issued pursuant to such 2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Award (less any Class A Performance LTIP Units that previously vested under paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) above), shall vest on January 28, 2019, if the average Total Shareholder Return for the 36-month period ending on January 27, 2019 is 8% or more.

For purposes of the 2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards, "Total Shareholder Return" means, with respect to the measurement periods described in paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) above, the total percentage return per common share of the Company based on the closing price of the Company’s common shares on the NYSE on the last trading day immediately preceding the first day of the applicable measurement period compared to the closing price of the Company’s common shares on the NYSE on the last trading day of such measurement period and assuming contemporaneous reinvestment in Company common shares of all dividends and other distributions at the closing price of the Company’s common shares on the date such dividend or other distribution was paid.

On March 1, 2017, the Company's Operating Partnership, upon the recommendation of the Compensation Committee, also granted 134,348 performance-based awards (the "2017 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards"). The grants were made pursuant to award agreements that provide for performance-based vesting. The 2017 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards are comprised of Class A Performance LTIP Units that will vest only if and to the extent that (i) the Company achieves certain long-term performance criteria established by the Compensation Committee and (ii) the recipient remains employed by the Company through the vesting date, subject to acceleration of vesting in the event of the recipient’s death, disability, termination without cause or resignation with good reason, or in the event of a change of control of the Company. Compensation expense is based on an estimated value of $19.65 per 2017 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Award, which takes into account that some or all of the awards may not vest if long-term performance criteria are not met during the vesting period.

The 2017 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards may be earned based on the Company’s relative TSR performance for the three-year period beginning on March 1, 20172020 and ending on February 28, 2020.2023. The 2017 2020 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards, if earned, will be paid out between 50% and 150% of target value as follows:


Relative TSR Hurdles (Percentile)Payout Percentage
Threshold25th50%
Target50th100%
Maximum75th150%


Payouts at performance levels in between the hurdles will be calculated by straight-line interpolation. The TSR hurdles are based on the Company’s performance relative to the average TSR for the companies included in the SNL US Hotel REIT Index. TSR will be calculated to include share price appreciation plus dividends assuming the reinvestment of dividends as calculated by a third-party such as SNL Financial.

The Company will estimateestimated the aggregate compensation cost to be recognized over the service period determined as of the grant date under ASC 718, excluding the effect of estimated forfeitures, and will calculate the value at the grant date based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions.

A holder of a Class A Performance LTIP Unit will generally (i) only be entitled, during the period prior to the vesting of such Class A Performance LTIP Unit, to receive 10% of the distributions made on a common unit of limited partnership interest (“Common Unit”) in the Operating Partnership (the “Pre-Vesting Distributions”), and (ii) be entitled, upon the vesting of such Class A Performance LTIP Unit, to a special one-time “catch-up” distribution equal to the aggregate amount of distributions that were paid on a Common Unit during the period prior to vesting of such Class A Performance LTIP Unit minus the aggregate amount of Pre-Vesting Distributions paid on such Class A Performance LTIP Unit. In addition, prior to the vesting of a Class A Performance LTIP Unit, the holder of such Class A Performance LTIP Unit will not be entitled to vote on such Class A Performance LTIP Unit.

The LTIP units' fair value was determined using a Monte Carlo approach. In determining the discounted value of the LTIP units, the Company considered the inherent uncertainty that the LTIP units would never reach parity with the other common units of the Operating Partnership and thus have an economic value of zero to the grantee. Additional factors considered in reachingestimating the assumptionsvalue of uncertaintyLTIP units included discounts for illiquidity; expectations for future dividends; limited or no operations history as of the date of the grant; significant dependency on the efforts and services of our executive officers and other key members of management to implement the Company's business plan; available acquisition opportunities;risk free interest rates; stock price volatility; and economic environment and market conditions.


The grant date fair valuevalues of the performanceLTIPs and the assumptions used to estimate the values are as follows:

Grant DateNumber of Units GrantedEstimated Value Per UnitVolatilityDividend YieldRisk Free Interest Rate
Outperformance Plan LTIP Unit Awards6/1/2015183,300$14.1326%4.5%0.95%
2016 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards1/28/201672,966$16.6928%—%0.79%
2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards1/28/201639,285$11.0930%5.8%1.13%
2017 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/201789,574$18.5324%—%0.92%
2017 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/2017134,348$19.6525%5.8%1.47%
2018 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/201897,968$16.8326%—%2.07%
2018 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/2018146,949$17.0226%6.2%2.37%
2019 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/201988,746$18.4521%—%2.57%
2019 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/2019133,107$18.9121%6.2%2.55%
2020 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/2020130,206$13.0520%—%1.06%
2020 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/2020195,301$13.6620%8.1%0.90%

The Company recorded $1.0 million and $1.1 million in compensation expense related to the LTIP awards were determined using a Monte Carlo simulation method withunits for the following assumptions (based onthree months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, the three-year risk free U.S. Treasury yieldCompany recognized approximately $2.4 million and $2.0 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there was $6.9 million and $4.9 million, respectively, of total unrecognized compensation cost related to LTIP units. This cost is expected to be recognized over approximately 2.1 years, which represents the measurementweighted average remaining vesting period of the LTIP awards):units.
 Grant DateVolatilityDividend YieldRisk Free Interest RateDiscount
Outperformance Plan6/1/201526%4.5%0.95%—%
2016 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards1/28/201628%—%0.79%7.5%
2016 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards1/28/201630%5.8%1.13%—%
2017 Time-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/201724%—%0.92%7.5%
2017 Performance-Based LTIP Unit Awards3/1/201725%5.8%1.47%—%


12.  Leases
13.    Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

The nature of the operations of the Company's hotels exposes those hotels, the Company and the Operating Partnership to the risk of claims and litigation in the normal course of their business. The Company is not presently subject to any material litigation nor, to the Company’s knowledge, is any material litigation threatened against the Company or its properties.

Hotel Ground Rent
The Courtyard Altoona hotel iswas subject to a ground lease with an expiration date of April 30, 2029 with an extension option by the Company of up to 12 additional terms of five years each. Monthly payments arewere determined by the quarterly average room occupancy of the hotel. Rent is currentlywas equal to approximately $8,000$8,400 per month when monthly occupancy iswas less than 85% and cancould increase up to approximately $20,000 per month if occupancy iswas 100%, with minimum rent increased by two and one-half percent (2.5%) on an annual basis. The Altoona hotel was sold on May 7, 2019.

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The Residence Inn Gaslamp hotel is subject to a ground lease with an expiration date of January 31, 2065 with an extension option by the Company of up to three3 additional terms of ten years each. Monthly payments are currently approximately $40,000$44,400 per month and increase 10% every five years. The hotel is subject to annual supplemental rent payments calculated as 5% of gross revenues during the applicable lease year, minus 12 times the monthly base rent scheduled for the lease year.
The Residence Inn New Rochelle is subject to an air rights lease and garage lease that each expire on December 1, 2104.2104. The lease agreements with the City of New Rochelle cover the space above the parking garage that is occupied by the hotel as well as 128 parking spaces in a parking garage that is attached to the hotel. The annual base rent for the garage lease is the hotel’s proportionate share of the city’s adopted budget for the operations, management and maintenance of the garage and established reserves to fund for the cost of capital repairs. Aggregate rent for 20172020 is approximately $26,000$31,000 per quarter.
The Hilton Garden Inn Marina del Rey hotel is subject to a ground lease with an expiration date of December 31, 2067. Minimum monthly payments are currently approximately $43,000$47,500 per month and a percentage rent payment less the minimum rent is due in arrears equal to 5% to 25% of gross income based on the type of income less the minimum rent is due in arrears.
Office Leaseincome.
The Company entered into a new corporate office lease in September 2015. The lease is for a term of 11 years and includes a 12-month rent abatement period and certain tenant improvement allowances. The Company has a renewal option of up to two2 successive terms of five5 years each. The Company shares the space with related parties and is reimbursed for the pro-rata share of rentable space occupied by the related parties.
Future minimum rental payments under the terms of all non-cancellable operating ground leases and the office lease under which theThe Company is the lessee under ground, air rights, garage and office lease agreements for certain of its properties, all of which qualify as operating leases as of June 30, 2020. These leases typically provide multi-year renewal options to extend term as lessee at the Company's option. Option periods are expensedincluded in the calculation of the lease obligation liability only when options are reasonably certain to be exercised.

In calculating the Company's lease obligations under the various leases, the Company uses discount rates estimated to be equal to what the Company would have to pay to borrow on a straight-linecollateralized basis regardlessover a similar term, for an amount equal to the lease payments, in a similar economic environment.

The following tables include information regarding the Company's leases for which it is the lessee, as of when payments are due. June 30, 2020:
Total Future Lease Payments
Amount
2020 (remaining six months)$1,018  
20212,051  
20222,071  
20232,093  
20242,115  
20252,186  
Thereafter66,720  
Total lease payments$78,254  
Less: Imputed interest(54,771) 
Present value of lease liabilities$23,483  

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The following is a schedule of the minimum future payments required under the ground, air rights, garagesgarage leases and office lease as of September 30, 2017, for the remainder of 2017 andDecember 31, 2019, for each of the next five calendar years and thereafter (in thousands):thereafter:


Amount
2020$2,027  
20212,051  
20222,071  
20232,093  
20242,115  
Thereafter68,906  
Total lease payments$79,263  
Less: Imputed interest(55,546) 
Present value of lease liabilities$23,717  


For the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company incurred $0.6 million of fixed lease payments and $1.0 thousand of variable lease payments, which are included in property taxes, ground rent and insurance in our consolidated statement of operations.

The following table includes information regarding the right of use assets and lease liabilities of the Company as of June 30, 2020:


Right of Use AssetLease Liability
Balance as of January 1, 2020$21,270  $23,717  
Amortization(311) (234) 
Balance as of June 30, 2020$20,959  $23,483  


Lease Term and Discount Rate6/30/2020
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)40.70
Weighted-average discount rate6.56%


13. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

The nature of the operations of the Company's hotels exposes those hotels, the Company and the Operating Partnership to the risk of claims and litigation in the normal course of their business. IHM is currently a defendant in several class action lawsuits pending in the state of California.

The first class action lawsuit was filed in the Santa Clara County Superior Court on October 21, 2016 under the title Ruffy, et al, v. Island Hospitality Management, LLC, et al. Case No. 16-CV-301473 (“Ruffy”) and the second class action lawsuit was filed on March 21, 2018 under the title Doonan, et al, v. Island Hospitality Management, LLC, et al. Case No 18-CV-325187 (“Doonan”). The class actions relate to hotels operated by IHM in the state of California and owned by affiliates of the Company and the NewINK JV, and/or certain third parties. The complaints allege various wage and hour law violations based on alleged misclassification of certain hotel managerial staff and violation of certain California statutes regarding incorrect information contained on employee paystubs. The plaintiffs seek injunctive relief, money damages, penalties, and
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Other Leases(1)
 Office Lease
 Amount
2017 (remaining three months)$304
 $192
20181,217
 772
20191,220
 792
20201,267
 812
20211,273
 832
20221,276
 853
Thereafter68,178
 3,310
Total$74,735
 $7,563
interest. A settlement agreement has been negotiated and approved by the applicable courts for Ruffy and Doonan. As of June 30, 2020, included in accounts payable is $0.1 million which represents an estimate of the Company’s total exposure to the Ruffy and Doonan litigations based on standard indemnification obligations under hotel management agreements with IHM.


(1) Other leases includes ground, garageIn addition, IHM is a defendant in the following series of interrelated class action lawsuits: Perez et al. v. Island Hospitality Management III LLC et al. (United States District Court for the Central District of California, Case No. 2:18-cv-04903-DMG-JPR) filed on March 15, 2018, Cruz v. Island Hospitality Management III LLC (Santa Clara County Superior Court Case No. 19CV353655) filed on August 19, 2019, Leon et al. v. Island Hospitality Management III LLC (Orange County Superior Court Case No. 30-2019-01050719-CU-OE-CXC) filed on April 2, 2019, and air rights leases at our hotels.

Vela v. Island Hospitality Management LLC et al. (San Diego County Superior Court, Case No. 37-2019-0003525) filed on July 9, 2019 (collectively the “Perez class actions”). The Perez class actions also relate to hotels operated by IHM in the state of California and owned by affiliates of the Company and the NewINK JV, and/or certain third parties. The complaints allege various wage and hour law violations based on alleged violation of certain California statutes regarding rest and meal breaks and wage statements. The plaintiffs seek injunctive relief, money damages, penalties, and interest. Settlement agreements have been negotiated and currently await approval by the applicable courts. As of June 30, 2020, included in accounts payable and accrued expenses is $0.6 million which represents an estimate of the Company’s total exposure to the Perez class actions based on standard indemnification obligations under hotel management agreements with IHM.
Management Agreements
The management agreements with Concord Hospitality Services Company ("Concord") had an initial ten-year term that would have expired on February 28, 2017. The management agreements with Concord were terminated as of December 31, 2016. The company entered into management agreements with IHM for the hotels previously managed by Concord beginning January 1, 2017.
The management agreements with IHM have an initial term of five years and automatically renew for two2 five-year periods unless IHM provides written notice to us no later than 90 days prior to the then current term’s expiration date of theirits intent not to renew. The IHM management agreements provide for early termination at the Company’s option upon sale of any IHM-managed hotel for no termination fee, with six months advance notice. The IHM management agreements may be terminated for cause, including the failure of the managed hotel to meet specified performance levels. Base management fees are calculated as a percentage of the hotel's gross room revenue. If certain financial thresholds are met or exceeded, an incentive management fee is calculated as 10% of the hotel's net operating income less fixed costs, base management fees and a specified return threshold. The incentive management fee is capped at 1% of gross hotel revenues for the applicable calculation.
In addition to entering into agreements with IHM to manage two of the hotels formerly managed by Concord, upon renewal in July 2016, five management agreements related to the Residence Inns were amended to be consistent with the remainder of the hotel portfolio. The updated agreements are summarized as follows:
PropertyCourtyard AltoonaSpringhill Suites WashingtonResidence Inn Garden GroveResidence Inn San DiegoResidence Inn San AntonioResidence Inn ViennaResidence Inn Washington D.C.
        
Original Management Fee4.0%4.0%2.5%2.5%2.5%2.5%2.5%
Amended Management Fee3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%
Original Monthly Accounting Fee1,211
991
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
Amended Monthly Accounting Fee1,500
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
Original Monthly Revenue Management Fee






Amended Monthly Revenue Management Fee1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
The company renewed six management agreements in 2017. The updated agreements are summarized as follows:
PropertyHomewood Suites BillericaHomewood Suites BloomingtonHomewood Suites MaitlandHomewood Suites DallasHomewood Suites BrentwoodHomewood Suites Farmington
       
Renewal Date4/1/2017
4/1/2017
5/1/2017
5/1/2017
6/1/2017
8/1/2017
Original Management Fee2.0%2.0%2.0%2.0%2.0%2.0%
Amended Management Fee3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%
Original Monthly Accounting Fee1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
Amended Monthly Accounting Fee1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
Original Monthly Revenue Management Fee550
550
550
550
550
550
Amended Monthly Revenue Management Fee1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000

Terms of the Company's management agreements entered into during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 are as follows:
PropertyManagement CompanyBase Management FeeMonthly Accounting FeeMonthly Revenue Management FeeIncentive Management Fee
Hilton Garden Inn PortsmouthIHM3%$1,500$1,0001%
Management fees totaled approximately $2.7$0.8 million and $2.6$2.9 million,, respectively, for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively, and approximately $7.5$2.9 million and $7.2$5.4 million, respectively, for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016.2019.
Franchise Agreements
The fees associated with the franchise agreements are calculated on theas a specified percentage of the hotel's gross room revenue. Terms of the Company's franchise agreements entered into during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 are as follows:
PropertyFranchise CompanyFranchise/Royalty FeeMarketing Program FeeExpiration
Hilton Garden Inn PortsmouthHilton Franchise Holding LLC5.5%4%2037
Franchise and marketing fees totaled approximately $6.4$1.6 million and $6.2 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and approximately $17.8 million and $17.3$7.0 million, respectively, for the ninethree months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016.2019 and approximately $6.4 million and $12.9 million, respectively, for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. The initial term of the agreements range from 10 to 30 years with the weighted average expiration being July 2030.


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14. Related Party Transactions


Prior to March 1, 2019, Mr. Fisher owned 51% of IHM. On March 1, 2019, Mr. Fisher acquired the 1.5% ownership interest of an employee who was leaving IHM. As of June 30, 2020, Mr. Fisher owns 51%52.5% of IHM. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, the Company had hotel management agreements with IHM to manage 39all 40 of its wholly owned hotels. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, all 4746 hotels owned by the NewINK JV and 34 of the 48 hotels owned by the Inland JV arewere managed by IHM. Hotel management, revenue management and accounting fees accrued or paid to IHM for the hotels owned by the Company for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 were $2.7$0.8 million and $2.5$2.9 million, respectively, and for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 were $7.5$2.9 million and $7.0$5.4 million, respectively. At SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 2016,2019, the amounts due to IHM were $1.3$0.4 million and $0.9$0.7 million, respectively. The Company provides services to an entity Castleblack Owner Holding, LLC ("Castleblack") which is 97.5% owned by affiliates of CLNY and 2.5% owned by Mr. Fisher. During the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 the company received $49 thousand and $66 thousand, respectively, for these services.
Cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities revenue represent reimbursements of costs incurred on behalf of the NewINK JV, Inland JV and an entity, Castleblack Owner Holding, LLC ("Castleblack"), which is 97.5% owned by affiliates of CLNS and 2.5% owned by Mr. Fisher.Castleblack. These costs relate primarily to corporate payroll costs at the NewINK JV, and Inland JV and Castleblack where the Company is the employer.employer and shared office expenses. As the Company records cost reimbursements based upon costs incurred with no added markup, the revenue and related expense has no impact on the Company’s operating income or net income. Cost reimbursements from the JVs are recorded based upon the occurrence of a reimbursed activity.
Various shared office expenses and rent are paid by the Company and allocated to the NewINK JV, the Inland JV, Castleblack and IHM based on the amount of square footage occupied by each entity. Insurance expense for medical, workers compensation and general liability are paid by the NewINK JV and allocated back to the hotel properties or applicable entity for the three months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were $1.4 million and $1.5 million, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 were $4.5 million and $4.6 million, respectively.


15. Subsequent Events


Subsequent
The Inland JV has not been successful in negotiating a forbearance agreement with its lenders. After June 30, 2020, at the direction of the special servicer for the Inland JV loan, control of Inland JV properties is starting to September 30, 2017,be transitioned to a court appointed receiver. When the Company sold additional shares from its ATMreceiver has been appointed for Inland JV hotels, it has replaced IHM with new hotel management companies. The Inland JV debt is non-recourse to Chatham with the exception of customary non-recourse carve-out provisions such as fraud, material and DRSPP plans. The Company issued 154,496 sharesintentional misrepresentations and misapplication of funds. A default under the ATM Plan atInland JV loan agreement does not trigger a weighted average pricecross-default under any of Chatham’s debt agreements.

On August 4, 2020, a subsidiary of Chatham entered into an agreement with affiliates of Mack Real Estate Credit Strategies to obtain a $40 million loan to fund the remaining construction costs of the Warner Center hotel development. $21.27, which generated $3.31.5 million of gross proceeds. We issued 377,192 shares under the DRSPPloan was funded at close and additional amounts will be funded over time as work on the project is completed. The loan has an initial term of 4 years and there are 2 six-month extension options. The rate on the loan is LIBOR, subject to a weighted average price0.25% floor, plus a spread of $21.41, which generated $8.1 million7.5%. After the property has achieved a 9.0% debt yield, the spread will decrease to 6.0%. The loan is guaranteed by Chatham Lodging, L.P.



22

Table of gross proceeds. Proceeds from the shares sold were used to pay down borrowings under the Company's senior unsecured revolving credit facility, including debt incurred in connection with the acquisition of the Portsmouth hotel.Contents

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Dollar amounts presented in this Item 2 are in thousands, except per share data, unless otherwise specified.


The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2019. In this report, we use the terms “the Company," “we” or “our” to refer to Chatham Lodging Trust and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise.


COVID-19 Pandemic

The lodging industry has been significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Steps have been taken to restrict inbound international travel and there has been a significant decline in domestic travel. The full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lodging industry continues to evolve and will depend on future developments including the duration and spread of the outbreak, the existence of governmental stay-at-home orders, peoples' willingness to travel and the strength and timing of an economic recovery. All of these factors are uncertain, and the full impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lodging industry and the Company cannot be predicted at this time. The full magnitude of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Company’s financial condition, liquidity, and future results of operations will depend on future developments which are highly uncertain. The Company has taken actions to mitigate the operating and financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic including suspending monthly dividends, reducing 2020 capital expenditures, borrowing under its credit facility, obtaining credit facility covenant waivers, and temporarily reducing executive compensation.


Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information


The following information contains forward-looking statements, including those with regard to the potential future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These forward-looking statements include information about possible or assumed future results of the lodging industry and our business, financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, cash flow and plans and objectives. These statements generally are characterized by the use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “continue,” “intend,” “should,” “may” or similar expressions. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based upon reasonable assumptions, our actual results could differ materially from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Important factors that we think could cause our actual results to differ materially from expected results are summarized below. One of the most significant factors, however, is the ongoing impact of the current outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic on the United States, regional and global economies, the broader financial markets, our customers and employees, governmental responses thereto and the operation changes we have and may implement in response thereto. The current outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has also impacted, and is likely to continue to impact, directly or indirectly, many of the other important factors below. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. In particular, it is difficult to fully assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic at this time due to, among other factors, uncertainty regarding the severity and duration of the outbreak domestically and internationally and the effectiveness of federal, state and local governments' efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19 and respond to its direct and indirect impact on the U.S. economy and economic activity. Some factors that might cause such a difference include the following: local, national and global economic conditions, increased direct competition, changes in government regulations or accounting rules, changes in local, national and global real estate conditions, declines in lodging industry fundamentals, increased operating costs, seasonality of the lodging industry, our ability to obtain debt and equity financing on satisfactory terms, changes in interest rates, our ability to identify suitable investments, our ability to close on identified investments, and inaccuracies of our accounting estimates.estimates, the uncertainty and economic impact of pandemics, epidemics or other public health emergencies or fear of such events, such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic the impact of and changes to various government programs, including in response to COVID-19, the timing of the development of any effective cure or treatment for COVID-19, the restoration of public confidence in domestic and international travel and or ability to dispose of selected hotel properties on the terms and timing we expect, if at all. Given these uncertainties, undue reliance should not be placed on such statements. We undertake no obligation to publicly release the results of any revisions to these forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect future events or circumstances or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. The forward-looking statements should also be read in light of the risk factors identified in the “Risk Factors” section in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162019 as updated by the Company's subsequent filings with the SEC under the Exchange Act.Act, including the Quarterly Report for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30, 2020.


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Overview


We are a self-advised hotel investment company organized in October 2009 that commenced operations in April 2010. Our investment strategy is to invest in upscale extended-stay and premium-branded select-service hotels in geographically diverse markets with high barriers to entry near strong demand generators. We may acquire portfolios of hotels or single hotels. We expect that a significant portion of our portfolio will consist of hotels in the upscale extended-stay or select-service categories, including brands such as Homewood Suites by Hilton®, Residence Inn by Marriott®, Hyatt Place®, Courtyard by Marriott®, SpringHill Suites by Marriott®, Hilton Garden Inn by Hilton®, Embassy Suites®, Hampton Inn® and Hampton Inn and Suites®.


The Company's future hotel acquisitions may be funded by issuances of both common and preferred shares or the issuance of partnership interests in our operating partnership, Chatham Lodging, L.P. (the "Operating Partnership"), draw-downs under our senior unsecured revolving credit facility, the incurrence or assumption of debt, available cash, proceeds from dispositions of assets or distributions from our 10.3% investment in a joint venture with affiliates of Colony NorthStar,Capital, Inc. (“CLNS”CLNY”) that owns 4746 hotels (the "NewINK JV") or distributions from our 10.0% investment in a joint venture with CLNS that owns 48 hotels (the "Inland JV" and together with the NewINK JV, the "JVs"). We intend to acquire quality assets at attractive prices and improve their returns through knowledgeable asset management and seasoned, proven hotel management while remaining prudently leveraged.

At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, our leverage ratio was 39.5% based on36.6% measured as the ratio of our net debt (total debt outstanding before deferred financing costs less unrestricted cash and cash equivalents) to hotel investments at cost, including the JV investments. Over the past several years, we have maintained a leverage ratio between the mid-30s and the low 50s to fund our acquisitions and JV investments. As of SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, we have total debt of $604.5$665.4 million at an average interest rate of approximately 4.6%4.3%. Accordingly, our debt coverage ratios currently are favorable and, as a result, we are comfortable in this leverage range and believe we have the capacity and flexibility to take advantage of acquisition opportunities as they arise. We intend to continue to fund our investments with a prudent balance of debt and equity.

We are a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes. In order to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), we cannot operate our hotels. Therefore, our Operating Partnership and its subsidiaries lease our hotel properties to taxable REIT subsidiary lessees (“TRS Lessees”), who in turn engage eligible independent contractors to manage the hotels. Each of the TRS Lessees is treated as a taxable REIT subsidiary for federal income tax purposes and is consolidated within our financial statements for accounting purposes. However, since we control both the Operating Partnership and the TRS Lessees, our principal source of funds on a consolidated basis is from the operations of our hotels. The earnings of the TRS Lessees are subject to taxation as regular C corporations, as defined in the Code, potentially reducing the TRS Lessees’ cash available to pay dividends to us, and therefore our funds from operations and the cash available for distribution to our shareholders.

Financial Condition andKey Indicators of Operating Performance Metrics

and Financial Condition
We measure our financial condition and hotel operating performance by evaluating non-financial and financial metrics and measures such as:

Average Daily Rate (“ADR”), which is the quotient of room revenue divided by total rooms sold,
Occupancy, which is the quotient of total rooms sold divided by total rooms available,
Revenue Per Available Room (“RevPAR”), which is the product of occupancy and ADR, and does not include food and beverage revenue, or other operating revenue,
Average Daily Rate (“ADR”),
Occupancy,
Funds From Operations (“FFO”),
Adjusted FFO,
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”),
EBITDAre,
Adjusted EBITDA, and
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA

EBITDA.
We evaluate the hotels in our portfolio and potential acquisitions using these metrics to determine each hotel’s contribution toward providing income to our shareholders through increases in distributable cash flow and increasing long-term total returns through appreciation in the value of our common shares. RevPAR, ADR and Occupancy are hotel industry measures commonly used to evaluate operating performance. RevPAR, which is calculated as total room revenue divided by total number of available rooms, is an important metric for monitoring hotel operating performance, and more specifically hotel revenue.


“Non-GAAPSee “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” herein provides a detailedfor further discussion of our use of FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA and Hotel EBITDA and a reconciliation of FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA,re, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA to net income or loss, measurements recognized by generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”).EBITDA.



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Results of Operations


Industry Outlook


We believe thatThe lodging industry has been significantly impacted by the lodging industry’s performance is correlatedCOVID-19 pandemic. Steps have been taken to the performance of the economy overall, and specifically, key economic indicators such as GDP growth, employment trends, corporaterestrict inbound international travel and corporate profits. Trends for many of these indicators appear to be moderating.  GDP growth is currently modest, with growth of 2.2% forecasted for 2017.  Lodging industry performance is also impacted by room supply growth, which is currently increasing.  Overall U.S. room supply increased 1.6%there has been a significant decline in 2016, but supply in the Upscale segment, in which most of our hotels operate, increased by 5.6% in 2016.  Year to date in 2017 overall U.S. room supply growth was 1.8% and supply growth in the Upscale segment was 6.0%.domestic travel. Smith Travel Research is projecting U.S. hotel supply growthreported that US lodging industry RevPAR declined 69.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2020, with RevPAR down 79.9% in April 2020, down 71.0% in May 2020 and down 60.6% in June 2020. We expect the current trend of significant RevPAR declines to increase 2.0% in 2017. Continued supply growth, especially when coupled with slowing corporate demand, could negativelycontinue until public concerns regarding the severity of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic are assuaged. The full impact RevPAR growth. Weof the COVID-19 pandemic on the lodging industry continues to evolve and will depend on future developments including the duration and spread of the outbreak, the existence of governmental stay-at-home orders, peoples' willingness to travel, and the strength and timing of an economic recovery. All of these factors are currently projecting a 2017 RevPAR changeuncertain, and the full impact of 0.9% to +1.0% as compared to 2016.the COVID-19 pandemic on the lodging industry cannot be predicted at this time.


Comparison of the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 to the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019


Results of operations for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 include the operating activities of our 3940 wholly owned hotelsthat were owned for the entire period and our investments in the NewINK JV and Inland JV. We wholly owned 38 hotelssold one hotel in Altoona, PA on May 7, 2019 and one hotel in Washington, PA on May 15, 2019. Our financial results were adversely impacted by decreased visitation at July 1, 2016. Accordingly,our properties due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The comparisons below are influenced by these dispositions and the fact that we acquired one hotel in Portsmouth, NH on September 20, 2017 during the third quarter of 2017.COVID-19 pandemic.

Revenues

Revenue, which consists primarily of room, food and beverage and other operating revenues from our wholly owned hotels, was as follows for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
For the three months ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019% Change
Room$18,389  $79,970  (77.0)%
Food and beverage117  2,535  (95.4)%
Other873  3,934  (77.8)%
Cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities794  1,435  (44.7)%
Total revenue$20,173  $87,874  (77.0)%
 For the three months ended  
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 % Change
Room$76,221
 $74,736
 2.0 %
Food and beverage1,378
 1,494
 (7.8)%
Other3,052
 2,699
 13.1 %
Cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities753
 804
 (6.3)%
Total revenue$81,404
 $79,733
 2.1 %

Total revenue was $81.4$20.2 million for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, up $1.72020, down $67.7 million compared to total revenue of $79.7$87.9 million for the corresponding 20162019 period. The primary decrease in total revenue was related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Total revenue related to the one hotel acquired during the third quarter of 2017two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $0.4$0.6 million of the increase.decrease. Since all of our hotels are select-service or limited-service hotels, room revenue is the primary revenue source as these hotels do not have significant food and beverage revenue or large group conference facilities. Room revenue comprised 93.6%91.2% and 93.7%91.0%, respectively, of total revenue for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016.2019. Room revenue was $76.2$18.4 million and $74.7$80.0 million for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively, with $0.3and the decrease in room revenue primarily was related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Room revenue related to the two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $0.5 million of the increase in 2017 attributable to the one hotel acquired during the third quarter of 2017. At the 38 comparable hotels owned by the Company throughout the 2016 and 2017 periods, room revenue was up $1.1 million or 1.5%, driven primarily by RevPar growth of 1.0%.decrease.

Food and beverage revenue was $1.4$0.1 million for the quarter ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, down $0.1$2.4 million compared to $1.5$2.5 million for the corresponding 20162019 period. The decrease in food and beverage revenue primarily was related to a decline in occupancies at our hotels due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Other operating revenue, comprised of parking, meeting room, gift shop, in-room movie and other ancillary amenities revenue, was up $0.4down $3.0 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. Other operating revenue was $3.1$0.9 million and $2.7$3.9 million for the quarters ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively. Increases wereThe decrease in other operating revenue primarily was related to a decline in occupancies at our hotels due to increases in parking, restaurant lease income and miscellaneous room income.the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cost reimbursementsReimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entities, comprised of payroll costs at the JVs and an entityCastleblack Owner Holding, LLC ("Castleblack"), which is 97.5% owned by affiliates of CLNSCLNY and 2.5% by Mr. Fisher, where the Company is the employer, were $0.8 million and $0.8$1.4 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively. The costscost reimbursements were offset by the reimbursed costs from unconsolidated real estate entities included in operating expenses.

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As reported by Smith Travel Research, U.S lodging industry RevPAR for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 decreased 69.9% and increased 1.9% and 3.3%1.1%, respectively, in the 20172020 and 20162019 periods as compared to the respective prior periods. Smith Travel Research reported that US lodging industry RevPAR at our wholly owned hotels increased 1.0%declined 79.9% in April 2020, declined 71.0% in May 2020 and decreased 2.1%, respectively,declined 60.6% in June 2020. We expect the 2017 and 2016 periods as comparedcurrent trend of significant RevPAR declines to continue until public concerns regarding the respective prior periods primarily due to increased RevPAR index at our hotels andseverity of the increased demand in the Houston market in the third quarter of 2017.ongoing COVID-19 pandemic are assuaged.

In the table below, we present both actual and same property room revenue metrics. Actual Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR metrics reflect the performance of the hotels for the actual days such hotels were owned by the Company during the periods presented. Same property Occupancy, ADR, and RevPAR results for the 3940 hotels wholly owned by the Company as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017 reflect the performance of the hotels during the entire period,2020 that have been in operation for a full year regardless of our ownership during the period presented, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. Results for the hotels for periods prior to our ownership were provided to us by prior owners and have not been adjusted by us.


For the three months ended June 30,
20202019Percentage Change
Same Property (40 hotels)Actual (40 hotels)Same Property (40 hotels)Actual (42 hotels)Same Property (40 hotels)Actual (40/42 hotels)
Occupancy33.8 %33.8 %83.3 %83.6 %(59.4)%(59.6)%
ADR$98.20  $98.20  $172.00  $172.08  (42.9)%(42.9)%
RevPAR$33.17  $33.17  $143.31  $143.81  (76.9)%(76.9)%
 For the three months ended September 30,    
 2017 2016 Percentage Change
 Same Property (39 hotels) Actual (39 hotels) Same Property (39 hotels) Actual (38 hotels) Same Property (39 hotels) Actual (39/38 hotels)
Occupancy84.6% 84.6% 84.2% 84% 0.5% 0.7%
ADR$172.77
 $172.77
 $171.92
 $170.25
 0.5% 1.5%
RevPAR$146.23
 $146.23
 $144.79
 $143.02
 1.0% 2.2%

For the three months ended June 30, 2020 same property RevPAR increased 1.0% primarilydecreased 76.9% due to an increasea decrease in ADR of 0.5%42.9% and a increasean decrease in occupancy of 0.5%.59.4% primarily related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Same property RevPAR declined 82.7% in April 2020, declined 77.9% in May 2020, and declined 70.6% in June 2020. Same property RevPAR was $23.83 in April 2020, $30.93 in May 2020, and $44.81 in June 2020.

Hotel Operating Expenses

Hotel operating expenses consist of the following for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
For the three months ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019% Change
Hotel operating expenses:
Room$4,517  $16,372  (72.4)%
Food and beverage128  2,120  (94.0)%
Telephone351  410  (14.4)%
Other182  971  (81.3)%
General and administrative3,360  6,574  (48.9)%
Franchise and marketing fees1,636  6,984  (76.6)%
Advertising and promotions854  1,485  (42.5)%
Utilities1,863  2,525  (26.2)%
Repairs and maintenance1,640  3,431  (52.2)%
Management fees848  2,892  (70.7)%
Insurance361  365  (1.1)%
Total hotel operating expenses$15,740  $44,129  (64.3)%

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 For the three months ended  
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 % Change
Hotel operating expenses:     
Room$15,618
 $15,068
 3.7 %
Food and beverage1,307
 1,280
 2.1 %
Telephone410
 449
 (8.7)%
Other737
 563
 30.9 %
General and administrative5,906
 5,652
 4.5 %
Franchise and marketing fees6,366
 6,157
 3.4 %
Advertising and promotions1,353
 1,203
 12.5 %
Utilities2,708
 2,684
 0.9 %
Repairs and maintenance3,467
 3,084
 12.4 %
Management fees2,693
 2,558
 5.3 %
Insurance297
 318
 (6.6)%
Total hotel operating expenses$40,862
 $39,016
 4.7 %


Hotel operating expenses increased $1.9decreased $28.4 million or 4.7%64.3% to $40.9$15.7 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 from $39.0$44.1 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2019. The primary cause of the decrease in hotel operating expenses was related to the decrease in revenues and occupancy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our hotel managers have taken significant steps to reduce operating costs in light of the reduction in demand caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Total hotel operating expense related to the two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $0.5 million of the decrease.

Room expenses, which are the most significant component of hotel operating expenses, increased $0.5decreased $11.9 million or 3.7% from $15.1$16.4 million in 20162019 to $15.6$4.5 million in the thirdsecond quarter of 2017.2020. The decrease in room expenses primarily was related to a decline in occupancies and revenues at our hotels due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Room expenses related to the two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $0.2 million of the decrease.

The remaining hotel operating expenses decreased $16.6 million, from $27.8 million in the second quarter of 2019 to $11.2 million in the second quarter of 2020. The decrease in other remaining expenses primarily was related to a decline in occupancies and revenues at our hotels due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A decrease of $0.3 million in hotel operating expenses related to the two hotels sold in 2019.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $0.7 million from $13.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 to $13.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to commissions and guest reward programs.
The remaining hotel operating expenses increased $1.3 million, from $23.9 million in the third quarter of 2016 to $25.2 million in the third quarter of 2017. The increase was primarily due to increases in utility costs, repairs and management fees.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $1.1 million from $12.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2016 to $10.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease is due to lower depreciation due to some assets being fully depreciated.renovations. Depreciation is generally recorded on our assets over 40 years for buildings, 20 years for land improvements, 15 years for building improvements and one to ten years for furniture, fixtures and equipment from the date of acquisition on a straight-line basis. Depreciable lives of hotel furniture, fixtures and equipment are generally assumed to be the difference between the date of acquisition and the date that the furniture, fixtures and equipment will be replaced. Amortization of franchise fees is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective franchise agreement.

Property Taxes, Ground Rent and Insurance

Total property taxes, ground rent and insurance expenses decreased $0.1 million from $5.4$6.2 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to $5.3$5.9 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. The decrease iswas primarily attributedrelated to decreased real estate taxesground rent at our hotels during the quarter relateddue to successful real estate tax appeals at some of our properties.lower revenues.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses principally consist of employee-related costs, including base payroll, bonuses and amortization of restricted stock and awards of long-term incentive plan (“LTIP”) units in the Operating Partnership.units. These expenses also include corporate operating costs, professional fees and trustees’ fees. Total general and administrative expenses (excluding amortization of stock based compensation of $1.0$1.1 million and $0.8$1.2 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively) remained static from $2.2decreased to $1.3 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017 to $2.22020 from $2.4 million in the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2019 with the decrease primarily due to a reduction in compensation.
Hotel Property Acquisition Costs and
Other Charges
Hotel property acquisition costs and other
Other charges decreasedincreased from $49$25 thousand for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to $(15) thousand$0.2 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017. Acquisition costs are capitalized starting in 2017 compared2020. Other charges primarily include deductibles related to expensing them in previous years due to the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") ASU 2017-01.insurance claims.
Reimbursed
Reimbursable Costs from Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities
Reimbursed
Reimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entities, comprised of corporate payroll and rent costs atof the NewINK andJV, Inland JVs and an entityCastleblack, which is 97.5%2.5% owned by affiliates of CLNS and 2.5% by Mr. Fisher, where the Company is the employer, were $0.8 million and $0.8$1.4 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively. The cost reimbursements were offset by the cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities included in revenues.


Gain (loss) on Sale of Hotel Property

Gain on sale of hotel property decreased $3.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2020 compared to the three months ended June 30, 2019 due to the $3.3 million loss from the sales of the Courtyard Altoona, PA on May 7, 2019 and the SpringHill Suites Washington, PA on May 15, 2019 and no comparable loss in 2020.
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Interest and Other Income

Interest on cash and cash equivalents and other income increased $2decreased $27 thousand from $7$66 thousand for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to $9$39 thousand for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. The decrease is primarily related to reimbursements from escrow accounts from previous lenders in 2019.

Interest Expense, Including Amortization of Deferred Fees

Interest expense remained staticdecreased $0.1 million from $7.1 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to $7.1$7.0 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and is comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
For the three months ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019% Change
Mortgage debt interest$5,811  $5,908  (1.6)%
Credit facility interest and unused fees1,278  1,070  19.4 %
Capitalized interest(318) (74) 329.7 %
Amortization of deferred financing costs263  227  15.9 %
Total$7,034  $7,131  (1.4)%
 For the three months ended  
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 % Change
Mortgage debt interest$6,231
 $6,345
 (1.8)%
Credit facility interest and unused fees579
 469
 23.5 %
Amortization of deferred financing costs255
 268
 (4.9)%
Total$7,065
 $7,082
 (0.2)%


The decrease in interest expense for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 as compared to the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 is primarily related to an increase in capitalized interest and a decrease in interest expense on the Company's mortgage debt due to lower principal balances on our mortgage debt. Interest expense on the Company's senior unsecured revolving credit facility increased due to an increase in LIBOR for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 compared to the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2019. 


Income(Loss) income from Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities

Income from unconsolidated real estate entities was $1.1$0.5 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 and $1.22019 compared to a loss of $1.6 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. The primary source of the differencedecrease is due primarily to activity ata decline in operating performance due to the JVs.COVID-19 pandemic.


Income Tax Expense


Income tax expense for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 was $0.0 million and $0.0 million, respectively. We are subject to income taxes based on the taxable income of our TRS Lessees at a combined federal and state tax rate of approximately 25%. The Company’s TRS is expecting taxable losses in 2020 and recognizes full valuation allowance equal to 100% of the gross deferred tax assets, with the exception of the AMT tax credit, due to the uncertainty of the TRS's ability to utilize these deferred tax assets.


Net Incomeloss


Net incomeloss was $14.5$27.2 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, compared to net incomeloss of $13.4$9.5 million for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2019. The change in net income was due to the factors discussed above.


Material Trends or Uncertainties
We are not aware
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Table of any material trends or uncertainties, favorable or unfavorable, that may be reasonably anticipated to have a material impact on either the capital resources or the revenues or income to be derived from the acquisition and operation of properties, loans and other permitted investments, other than those referred to in this report and in the risk factors identified in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.Contents

Comparison of the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 to the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019


Results of operations for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 include the operating activities of our 3940 wholly owned hotelsthat were owned for the entire period, partial period results for two hotels which were sold during this period, and our investments in the NewINK JV and Inland JV. Accordingly,We sold one hotel in Altoona, PA on May 7, 2019 and one hotel in Washington, PA on May 15, 2019. Our financial results were adversely impacted by decreased visitation at our properties due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our hotels’ operations began during the second half of March 2020, so the results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2020 reflect the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic for only a portion of the period. The comparisons below are influenced by these dispositions and the fact that we acquired one hotel in Portsmouth, NH on September 20, 2017 during the third quarter of 2017.COVID-19 pandemic.
Revenues
Revenue, which consists primarily of room, food and beverage and other operating revenues from our wholly owned hotels, was as follows for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019% Change
Room$71,437  $148,055  (51.7)%
Food and beverage2,180  4,962  (56.1)%
Other4,391  7,610  (42.3)%
Cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities2,374  2,926  (18.9)%
Total revenue$80,382  $163,553  (50.9)%
 Nine Months Ended  
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 % Change
Room$213,415
 $211,438
 0.9 %
Food and beverage4,353
 4,728
 (7.9)%
Other8,465
 7,689
 10.1 %
Cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities2,302
 2,728
 (15.6)%
Total revenue$228,535
 $226,583
 0.9 %

Total revenue was $228.5$80.4 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017, up $1.92020, down $83.2 million compared to total revenue of $226.6$163.6 million for the corresponding 20162019 period. The decrease in total revenue primarily was related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Total revenue related to the one hotel acquired during the third quarter of 2017two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $0.4$1.6 million of the increase.decrease. Since all of our hotels are select-service or limited-service hotels, room revenue is the primary revenue source as these hotels do not have significant food and beverage revenue or large group conference facilities. Room revenue comprised 93.4%88.9% and 93.3%90.5% of total revenue for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively. Room revenue was $213.4$71.4 million and $211.4$148.1 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively, with $0.3and the decrease in room revenue primarily was related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Room revenue related to the two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $1.5 million of the increase in 2017 attributable to the one hotel acquired during the third quarter of 2017. For the 38 comparable hotels owned by us throughout the 2016 and 2017 periods, room revenue was up $1.6 million or 1.5%, driven primarily by RevPar growth of 0.6%.decrease.

Food and beverage revenue was $4.4$2.2 million, for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, down $0.3$2.8 million, compared to $4.7$5.0 million for the corresponding 20162019 period. The decrease in food and beverage revenue primarily was related to a decline in occupancies at our hotels due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Other operatingoperating revenue, comprised of parking, meeting room, gift shop, in-room movie and other ancillary amenities revenue was $8.5 million and $7.7down $3.2 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020. Other operating revenue was $4.4 million and 2016,$7.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increasedecrease in other operating revenue primarily was related primarily to guaranteed no show bookings, restaurant lease income, meeting rooms, miscellaneous room revenue and parking.a decline in occupancies at our hotels due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Cost reimbursements
Reimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entities, comprised of payroll costs at the JVs and an entity, Castleblack, which is 97.5% owned by affiliates of CLNSCLNY and 2.5% by Mr. Fisher, where the Company is the employer, were $2.3$2.4 million and $2.7$2.9 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively. Cost reimbursements decreased in 2017 due to a change in percentage of costs reimbursed for construction employees based on changes in the number of properties being renovated from 2016 to 2017 at the various portfolios. The decline in cost reimbursements waswere offset by the decline in reimbursed costs from unconsolidated real estate entities included in operating expenses.

As reported by Smith Travel Research, industry RevPAR for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 decreased 45.5% and increased 2.6% and 3.2%1.2%, respectively, in the 20172020 and 20162019 periods as compared to the respective prior year periods. We expect the current trend of significant RevPAR at our wholly owned hotels increased 0.8% and 0.2%, respectively, indeclines to continue until public concerns regarding the 2017 and 2016 periods as compared toseverity of the respective prior year periods.ongoing COVID-19 pandemic are assuaged.

In the table below, we present both actual and same property room revenue metrics. Actual Occupancy, ADR and RevPAR metrics reflect the performance of the hotels for the actual days such hotels were owned by the Company during the periods presented. Same property Occupancy, ADR, and RevPAR results for the 3940 hotels wholly owned by the Company as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017 reflect the performance of the hotels during the entire period,2020 that have been in operation for a full year regardless of our ownership during the period presented, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. Results for the hotels for periods prior to our ownership were provided to us by prior owners and have not been adjusted by us.

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 For the nine months ended September 30,    
 2017 2016 Percentage Change
 Same Property (39 hotels) Actual (39 hotels) Same Property (39 hotels) Actual (38 hotels) Same Property (39 hotels) Actual (39/38 hotels)
Occupancy79.5% 79.5% 80.6% 82.5% (1.4)% (3.6)%
ADR$172.77
 $172.77
 $169.14
 $164.75
 2.1 % 4.9 %
RevPAR$137.40
 $137.40
 $136.34
 $135.87
 0.8 % 1.1 %

The
For the six months ended June 30,
20202019Percentage Change
Same Property (40 hotels)Actual (40 hotels)Same Property (40 hotels)Actual (42 hotels)Same Property (40 hotels)Actual (40/42 hotels)
Occupancy48.2 %48.2 %79.7 %79.8 %(39.5)%(39.6)%
ADR$133.57  $133.57  $166.74  $165.99  (19.9)%(19.5)%
RevPAR$64.44  $64.44  $132.87  $132.43  (51.5)%(51.3)%
For the six months ended June 30, 2020 same property RevPAR increase of 0.8% wasdecreased 51.5% due to an increasea decrease in ADR of 2.1%19.9% and ana decrease in occupancy of 1.4%.39.5% primarily related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Hotel Operating Expenses
Hotel operating expenses consist of the following for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands):
For the six months ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019% Change
Hotel operating expenses:
Room$17,912  $31,942  (43.9)%
Food and beverage2,018  4,129  (51.1)%
Telephone730  843  (13.4)%
Other992  1,910  (48.1)%
General and administrative8,636  12,741  (32.2)%
Franchise and marketing fees6,356  12,916  (50.8)%
Advertising and promotions2,364  3,018  (21.7)%
Utilities4,378  5,275  (17.0)%
Repairs and maintenance5,101  7,042  (27.6)%
Management fees2,872  5,436  (47.2)%
Insurance721  702  2.7 %
Total hotel operating expenses$52,080  $85,954  (39.4)%
 For the nine months ended  
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 % Change
Hotel operating expenses:     
Room$44,147
 $43,453
 1.6 %
Food and beverage3,770
 3,703
 1.8 %
Telephone1,205
 1,300
 (7.3)%
Other2,047
 1,790
 14.4 %
General and administrative17,534
 16,848
 4.1 %
Franchise and marketing fees17,758
 17,293
 2.7 %
Advertising and promotions3,955
 3,899
 1.4 %
Utilities7,431
 7,301
 1.8 %
Repairs and maintenance9,898
 9,443
 4.8 %
Management fees7,511
 7,171
 4.7 %
Insurance925
 993
 (6.8)%
Total hotel operating expenses$116,181
 $113,194
 2.6 %


Hotel operating expenses increased $3.0decreased $33.9 million to $116.2$52.1 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 from $113.2$86.0 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2019. The primary cause of the decrease in hotel operating expenses was related to the decrease in revenues and occupancy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Our hotel managers have taken significant steps to reduce operating costs in light of the reduction in demand caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Total hotel operating expense related to the two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $1.3 million of the decrease.


Room expenses, which are the most significant component of hotel operating expenses, increased $0.6decreased $14.0 million from $43.5$31.9 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 compared2019 to $44.1$17.9 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. Room expenses related to the two hotels sold in 2019 contributed $0.4 million of the decrease. The decrease in room expenses primarily was related to a decline in occupancies and revenues at our hotels due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The remaining hotel operating expenses decreased $19.8 million, from $54.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $34.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The decrease in other remaining expenses primarily was related to a decline in occupancies and revenues at our hotels due to the COVID-19 pandemic. A decrease of $0.9 million in hotel operating expenses related to the two hotels sold in 2019.

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Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense increased $0.9 million from $25.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $26.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The increase was primarily due to increased housekeeping salaries and commissions.

The remaining hotel operating expenses increased $2.3 million, from $69.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $72.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase in remaining hotel operating expenses is mainly attributable to franchise fees related to increased revenues, utilities costs, repair costs and management fees.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense decreased $2.1 million from $36.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $34.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease is due to lower depreciation due to some assets being fully depreciated.renovations. Depreciation is generally recorded on our assets over 40 years for buildings, 20 years for land improvements, 15 years for building improvements and one to ten years for furniture, fixtures and equipment from the date of acquisition on a straight-line basis. Depreciable lives of hotel furniture, fixtures and equipment are generally assumed to be the difference between the date of acquisition and the date that the furniture, fixtures and equipment will be replaced. Amortization of franchise fees is recorded on a straight-line basis over the term of the respective franchise agreement.


Impairment Loss on Investment in Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities

Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entities increased $15.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020. The Company recorded an impairment of the entire carrying value of $15.3 million on our investment in the Inland JV during the six months ended June 30, 2020 related to a decline in operating performance caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Property Taxes, Ground Rent and Insurance
Total property taxes, ground rent and insurance expenses increased $0.2decreased $0.4 million from $15.5$12.4 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to $15.7$12.0 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. The increase isdecrease was primarily attributedrelated to increased real estate taxesdecreased ground rent at our hotels.hotels due to lower revenues and a reduction of $0.1 million from the two hotels sold in 2019.

General and Administrative

General and administrative expenses principally consist of employee-related costs, including base payroll, bonuses and amortization of restricted stock and awards of LTIP units. These expenses also include corporate operating costs, professional fees and trustees’ fees. Total general and administrative expenses (excluding amortization of stock based compensation of $2.8$2.4 million and $2.3 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively) increased $0.1decreased $1.9 million to $6.9$2.9 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 from $6.8$4.8 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2019 with the increasedecrease primarily due to salaries, professional fees and travel expenses.a reduction in compensation.
Hotel Property Acquisition Costs and
Other Charges
Hotel property acquisition costs and other
Other charges decreased $0.4increased $2.9 million from $0.4$42.0 thousand for the six months ended June 30, 2019 to $3.0 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 to $0.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Acquisition2020. Other charges primarily include severance costs are capitalized starting in 2017 compared to expensing them in previous years dueand accelerated vesting of LTIP awards related to the adoptiondeparture of Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") ASU 2017-01.our former Chief Investment Officer and deductibles for insurance claims.
Reimbursed
Reimbursable Costs from Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities
Reimbursed
Reimbursable costs from unconsolidated real estate entities, comprised of corporate payroll costs at the JVs and an entity, Castleblack, which is 97.5% owned by affiliates of CLNSCLNY and 2.5% by Mr. Fisher, where the Company is the employer, were $2.3$2.4 million and $2.7$2.9 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, respectively. Reimbursed costs decreased in 2017 due to a change in percentage of costs reimbursed for construction employees based on changes in the number of properties being renovated from 2016 to 2017 at the various portfolios. The decline in costscost reimbursements waswere offset by the decline in cost reimbursements from unconsolidated real estate entities included in revenues.

Gain (loss) on Sale of Hotel Property

Gain on sale of hotel property decreased $3.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2020 compared to the six months ended June 30, 2019 due to the $3.3 million loss from the sales of the Courtyard Altoona, PA on May 7, 2019 and the SpringHill Suites Washington, PA on May 15, 2019 and no comparable loss in 2020.

Interest and Other Income

Interest on cash and cash equivalents and other income decreased $16.0 thousandremained level from $43.0 thousand$0.1 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to $27.0 thousand$0.1 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020.
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Interest Expense, Including Amortization of Deferred Fees

Interest expense decreased $0.4 million from $21.2$14.3 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to $20.8$13.9 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and is comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
For the six months ended
June 30, 2020June 30, 2019% Change
Mortgage debt interest$11,649  $11,768  (1.0)%
Credit facility interest and unused fees2,321  2,174  6.8 %
Capitalized interest(595) (74) 704.1 %
Amortization of deferred financing costs492  460  7.0 %
Total$13,867  $14,328  (3.2)%
 For the nine months ended  
 September 30, 2017 September 30, 2016 % Change
Mortgage debt interest$18,723
 $18,921
 (1.0)%
Credit facility interest and unused fees1,711
 1,478
 15.8 %
Amortization of deferred financing costs396
 812
 (51.2)%
Total$20,830
 $21,211
 (1.8)%


The decrease in interest expense for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 as compared to the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 is primarily due to lower principal balances on our mortgage debt. Interest expense on the Company's senior unsecured revolving credit facility increased due to an increase in LIBOR incapitalized interest for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 compared to the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2019.
Impairment Loss
Impairment loss was $6.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $0.0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016. The Company recorded an impairment at our Washington SHS, PA hotel during the nine months ended September 30, 2017.


Loss on Early Extinguishment of Debt
Loss on early extinguishment of debt was zero for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to $4.0 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2016, due to paying off the loan associated with the Altoona hotel in January 2016 instead of at the maturity date of April 2016.

Income(Loss) income from Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities
Income
(Loss) income from unconsolidated real estate entities increased $0.7$4.6 million from incomea loss of $1.3$0.7 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20162019 to incomea loss of $2.0$5.3 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. The increase is due primarilyprimarily to a loss on the Inland JV of $1.3 million and income on the NewINK JV of $9.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, compared to a loss of $1.7 million on the Inland JV, which was conducting renovations at multiple hotels, and income of $10.4 million on the NewINK JV for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and a differencedecline in the basis adjustments related to the purchase price allocation from $0.4 million in 2016 to $1.2 million in 2017.

Loss on Sale from Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities
Loss on sale from unconsolidated real estate entities decreased $8.0 thousand from $8.0 thousand for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to zero for the nine months ended September 30, 2017operating performance due to the finalizing the sale prorations of Torrance JV. There were no sales of unconsolidated real estate entities in 2017.COVID-19 pandemic.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense increased $0.1for the six months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 was $0.0 million from $0.2and $0.0 million, respectively. We are subject to income taxes based on the taxable income of our TRS Lessees at a combined federal and state tax rate of approximately 25%. The Company’s TRS is expecting taxable losses in 2020 and recognizes full valuation allowance equal to 100% of the gross deferred tax assets, with the exception of the AMT tax credit, due to the uncertainty of the TRS's ability to utilize these deferred tax assets.

Net loss
Net loss was $55.3 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016 to $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Net Income
Net income was $24.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017,2020, compared to net income of $29.0$11.2 million for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016.2019. The change in net income was due to the factors discussed above.



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Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We consider the following non-GAAP financial measures useful to investors as key supplemental measures of our operating performance: (1) FFO, (2) Adjusted FFO, (3) EBITDA, (4) EBITDAre, (5) Adjusted EBITDA and (5)(6) Adjusted Hotel EBITDA. These non-GAAP financial measures should be considered along with, but not as alternatives to, net income or loss as prescribed by GAAP as a measure of our operating performance.
FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not represent cash generated from operating activities under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income or loss, cash flows from operations or any other operating performance measure prescribed by GAAP. FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA are not measures of our liquidity, nor are FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA indicative of funds available to fund our cash needs, including our ability to make cash distributions. These measurements do not reflect cash expenditures for long-term assets and other items that have been and will be incurred. FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre,Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA may include funds that may not be available for management’s discretionary use due to functional requirements to conserve funds for capital expenditures, property acquisitions, and other commitments and uncertainties.
We calculate FFO in accordance with standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment
Trusts ("NAREIT"), which defines FFO as net income or loss (calculated in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains or losses from sales of real estate, impairment write-downs, the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, plus depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs), and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures following the same approach. We believe that the presentation of FFO provides useful information to investors regarding our operating performance because it measures our performance without regard to specified non-cash items such as real estate depreciation and amortization, gain or loss on sale of real estate assets and certain other items that we believe are not indicative of the property level performance of our hotel properties. We believe that these items reflect historical cost of our asset base and our acquisition and disposition activities and are less reflective of our ongoing operations, and that by adjusting to exclude the effects of these items, FFO is useful to investors in comparing our operating performance between periods and between REITs that also report FFO using the NAREIT definition.
We calculate Adjusted FFO by further adjusting FFO for certain additional items that are not addressed in NAREIT’s definition of FFO, including hotel property acquisitionother charges, costs and other charges,associated with the departure of our former Chief Investment Officer, losses on the early extinguishment of debt and similar items related to our unconsolidated real estate entities that we believe do not represent costs related to hotel operations. We believe that Adjusted FFO provides investors with another financial measure that may facilitate comparisons of operating performance between periods and between REITs that make similar adjustments to FFO.

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The following is a reconciliation of net income to FFO and Adjusted FFO for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 (in thousands, except share data):
 
For the three months endedFor the nine months endedFor the three months endedFor the six months ended
September 30,June 30,June 30,
2017 20162017 20162020201920202019
Funds From Operations (“FFO”):     Funds From Operations (“FFO”):
Net income$14,493
 $13,446
$24,222
 $29,018
Loss on sale from unconsolidated real estate entities
 

 8
Net (loss) incomeNet (loss) income$(27,193) $9,525  $(55,304) $11,153  
(Gain) loss on sale of hotel property(Gain) loss on sale of hotel property(2) 3,300  (3) 3,300  
(Gain) loss on sale of assets within the unconsolidated real estate entities(Gain) loss on sale of assets within the unconsolidated real estate entities(7) —   —  
Depreciation10,890
 11,944
34,501
 36,593
Depreciation13,606  12,937  26,607  25,647  
Impairment loss
 
6,663
 
Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entitiesImpairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entities—  —  15,282  —  
Impairment loss from unconsolidated real estate entitiesImpairment loss from unconsolidated real estate entities—  —  1,388  —  
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items1,668
 2,052
4,902
 6,028
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items937  1,881  2,863  3,700  
FFO attributable to common share and unit holders27,051
 27,442
70,288
 71,647
FFO attributable to common share and unit holders(12,659) 27,643  (9,166) 43,800  
Hotel property acquisition costs and other charges(15) 49

 359
Loss on early extinguishment of debt
 

 4
Other chargesOther charges215  25  2,984  42  
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items
 2
15
 26
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items    
Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders$27,036
 $27,493
$70,303
 $72,036
Adjusted FFO attributable to common share and unit holders$(12,439) $27,673  $(6,177) $43,847  
Weighted average number of common shares and units     Weighted average number of common shares and units
Basic39,594,166
 38,565,157
39,006,396
 38,551,479
Basic47,676,905  47,222,414  47,586,456  47,095,412  
Diluted39,845,686
 38,825,237
39,234,951
 38,778,464
Diluted47,676,905  47,439,397  47,586,456  47,292,355  
Diluted weighted average number of common share count used for calculation of adjusted FFO per share may differ from diluted weighted average common share count used for calculation of GAAP Net Income per share by LTIP units, which may be converted to common shares of beneficial interest if Net Income per share is negative and Adjusted FFO is positive. Unvested restricted shares and unvested LTIP units that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share in the future would not be included in the computation of diluted loss per share for the periods where a loss has been recorded because they would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented.
We calculate EBITDA for purposes of the credit facility debt covenantsEarnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA") is defined as net income or loss excluding: (1) interest expense; (2) provision for income taxes, including income taxes applicable to salesales of assets; (3) depreciation and amortization; and (4) unconsolidated real estate entity items including interest, depreciation and amortization excluding gains orand losses from sales of real estate. We believeconsider EBITDA is useful to investorsan investor in evaluating our operating performance because it helps investors compareand facilitating comparisons of our operating performance between periods and between REITs by removing the impact of our capital structure (primarily interest expense) and asset base (primarily depreciation and amortization) from our operating results. In addition, we use EBITDA is used as one measure in determining the value of hotel acquisitions and dispositions.
We calculate AdjustedIn addition to EBITDA, by further adjustingwe present EBITDA for certain additional items, including hotel property acquisition costsre in accordance with NAREIT guidelines, which defines EBITDAre as net income or loss excluding interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and other charges, impairment write downs,amortization expense, gains or losses on the salefrom sales of real estate, losses on the early extinguishment of debt, amortization of non-cash share-based compensationimpairment, and similar items related to ouradjustments for unconsolidated real estate entities which we believe are not indicative of the performance of our underlying hotel properties entities.joint ventures. We believe that Adjustedthe presentation of EBITDAre provides useful information to investors with another financial measure that mayregarding the Company's operating performance and can facilitate comparisons of operating performance between periods and between REITsREITs.
We also present Adjusted EBITDA, which includes additional adjustments for items such as other charges, gains or losses on extinguishment of indebtedness, costs associated with the departure of our former Chief Investment officer, the amortization of share-based compensation, and certain other expenses that report similar measures.we consider outside the normal course of operations. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful supplemental information to investors regarding our ongoing operating performance that, when considered with net income, EBITDA and EBITDAre, is beneficial to an investor's understanding of our performance.

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The following is a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA, EBITDAreand Adjusted EBITDA for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 (in thousands):
For the three months endedFor the six months ended
June 30,June 30,
2020201920202019
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”):
Net (loss) income$(27,193) $9,525  $(55,304) $11,153  
Interest expense7,034  7,131  13,867  14,328  
Depreciation and amortization13,667  12,999  26,729  25,771  
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items1,828  4,418  5,901  8,773  
EBITDA(4,664) 34,073  (8,807) 60,025  
Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entities—  —  15,282  —  
Impairment loss from unconsolidated real estate entities—  —  1,388  —  
(Gain) loss on sale of hotel property(2) 3,300  (3) 3,300  
(Gain) loss on the sale of assets within unconsolidated real estate entities(7) —   —  
EBITDAre
(4,673) 37,373  7,861  63,325  
Other charges215  25  2,984  42  
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items 18   20  
Share based compensation1,145  1,238  2,350  2,297  
Adjusted EBITDA$(3,308) $38,654  $13,202  $65,684  
35

 For the three months ended For the nine months ended
 September 30, September 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”):       
Net income$14,493
 $13,446
 $24,222
 $29,018
Interest expense7,065
 7,082
 20,830
 21,211
Income tax (benefit) expense
 (12) 317
 167
Depreciation and amortization10,944
 11,997
 34,662
 36,753
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items3,708
 3,934
 10,844
 11,884
EBITDA36,210
 36,447
 90,875
 99,033
Hotel property acquisition costs and other charges(15) 49
 
 359
Impairment loss
 
 6,663
 
Loss on early extinguishment of debt
 
 
 4
Adjustments for unconsolidated real estate entity items13
 4
 55
 40
Loss on sale from unconsolidated real estate entities
 
 
 8
Share based compensation999
 759
 2,785
 2,256
Adjusted EBITDA$37,207
 $37,259
 $100,378
 $101,700
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Adjusted Hotel EBITDA is defined as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization, corporate general and administrative, hotel property acquisition costs,impairment loss, loss on early extinguishment of debt, other charges, interest and other income, losses on sales of hotel properties and income or loss from unconsolidated real estate entities. We present Adjusted Hotel EBITDA because we believe it is useful to investors in comparing our hotel operating performance between periods and comparing our Adjusted Hotel EBITDA margins to those of our peer companies. Adjusted Hotel EBITDA represents the results of operations for our wholly owned hotels only.
The following is a presentation of Adjusted Hotel EBITDA for the three and ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 20162019 (in thousands):
For the three months endedFor the six months ended
June 30,June 30,
2020201920202019
Net (loss) income$(27,193) $9,525  $(55,304) $11,153  
Add:Interest expense7,034  7,131  13,867  14,328  
Depreciation and amortization13,667  12,999  26,729  25,771  
Corporate general and administrative2,487  3,611  5,252  7,125  
Other charges215  25  2,984  42  
Loss from unconsolidated real estate entities1,578  —  5,251  666  
Impairment loss on investment in unconsolidated real estate entities—  —  15,282  —  
Loss on sale of hotel property—  3,300  —  3,300  
Less:Interest and other income(39) (66) (120) (121) 
Gain on sale of hotel property(2) —  (3) —  
Income from unconsolidated real estate entities—  (457) —  —  
Adjusted Hotel EBITDA$(2,253) $36,068  $13,938  $62,264  
  For the three months ended For the nine months ended
  September 30, September 30,
  2017 2016 2017 2016
         
Net Income $14,493
 $13,446
 $24,222
 $29,018
Add:Interest expense7,065
 7,082
 20,830
 21,211
 Income tax expense
 
 317
 167
 Depreciation and amortization10,944
 11,997
 34,662
 36,753
 Corporate general and administrative3,151
 2,992
 9,706
 9,076
 Hotel property acquisition costs and other charges
 49
 
 359
 Impairment loss
 
 6,663
 
 Loss on early extinguishment of debt
 
 
 4
 Loss on sale from unconsolidated real estate entities
 
 
 8
Less:Interest and other income(9) (7) (27) (43)
 Hotel property acquisition costs and other charges(15) 
 
 
 Income tax benefit
 (12) 
 
 Income from unconsolidated real estate entities(1,189) (1,051) (2,031) (1,346)
 Adjusted Hotel EBITDA$34,440
 $34,496
 $94,342
 $95,207

Although we present FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA because we believe they are useful to investors in comparing our operating performance between periods and between REITs that report similar measures, these measures have limitations as analytical tools. Some of these limitations are:


FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not reflect our cash expenditures, or future requirements, for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;
FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;
FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not reflect funds available to make cash distributions;
EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments, on our debts;
Although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized may need to be replaced in the future, and FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;
Non-cash compensation is and will remain a key element of our overall long-term incentive compensation package, although we exclude it as an expense when evaluating our ongoing operating performance for a particular period using Adjusted EBITDA;
Adjusted FFO, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not reflect the impact of certain cash charges (including acquisition transaction costs) that result from matters we consider not to be indicative of the underlying performance of our hotel properties; and

Other companies in our industry may calculate FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA differently than we do, limiting their usefulness as a comparative measure.
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In addition, FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA do not represent cash generated from operating activities as determined by GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to net income or loss, cash flows from operations or any other operating performance measure prescribed by GAAP. FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA are not measures of our liquidity. Because of these limitations, FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for performance measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. We compensate for these limitations by relying primarily on our GAAP results and using FFO, Adjusted FFO, EBITDA, EBITDAre, Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Hotel EBITDA only supplementally. Our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements included elsewhere are prepared in accordance with GAAP.


Sources and Uses of Cash


Our principal sources of cash include net cash from operations and proceeds from debt and equity issuances. Our principal uses of cash include acquisitions, capital expenditures, operating costs, corporate expenditures, interest costs, debt repayments and distributions to equity holders.

As of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 2016,2019, we had cash, and cash equivalents and restricted cash of approximately $11.3$45.7 million and $12.1$20.2 million, respectively. Additionally, we had $175.0 million available under our $250.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2017.

For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, net cash flows provided byused in operations were $66.6$15.7 million, driven by net incomeloss of $24.2$55.3 million, $42.5$50.4 million of non-cash items, including $35.0$27.2 million of depreciation and amortization, $6.7 million of impairment loss, $2.8$2.3 million of share-based compensation expense, offset by $2.0$0.3 million of accelerated LTIP compensation, $5.3 million related to incomeloss from unconsolidated entities.entities and $15.3 million related to the impairment of out interest in the Inland JV. In addition, changes in operating assets and liabilities due to the timing of cash receipts, payments for real estate taxes, payments of corporate compensation and payments from our hotels resulted in net cash inflowoutflow of $0.1$10.8 million. Net cash flows used in investing activities were $77.0$20.5 million, primarily related the purchase of the Hilton Garden Inn Portsmouth for $43.4 million and the purchase of a parcel of land in Los Angeles for $6.5 million,to capital improvements on our 3940 wholly owned hotels of $21.5$10.4 million and $5.0$10.1 million related to our Inland JV investment and $2.6 million related to required escrow depositsthe development of restricted cash offset by distributions of $2.0 million from unconsolidated real estate entities.a new hotel. Net cash flows provided by financing activities were $9.6$61.8 million, comprised of $29.7$0.1 million of common equity proceeds raised through sales under our at-the-market plan ("ATM Plan")DRSPP and dividend reinvestment and share purchase plan ("DRSPP"),ATM, net borrowings of our senior unsecured revolving credit facility of $22.5$83.0 million, offset by principal payments or payoffs on mortgage debt of $3.1$4.5 million, payments of deferred financing and offering costs of $0.8$0.6 million and distributions to shareholders of $38.7$16.2 million.


For the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 2016,2019, net cash flows provided by operations were $69.9$37.8 million, driven by net income of $29.0$11.2 million, $38.5$29.1 million of non-cash items, including $37.6$26.2 million of depreciation and amortization, and $2.3 million of share-based compensation expense a $4 thousand loss on early extinguishment of debt, offset by $1.4and $0.6 million related to incomeloss from unconsolidated entities. In addition, a loss on the sale of two hotels of $3.3 million and changes in operating assets and liabilities due to the timing of cash receipts, payments for real estate taxes, payments of corporate compensation and payments from our hotels resulted in net cash inflowoutflow of $2.4$5.8 million. Net cash flows used in investing activities were $16.1$13.8 million, primarily related to capital improvements on our 3840 wholly owned hotels of $17.1$23.2 million, offset by proceeds from the sale of the Altoona and Washington, PA hotels of $9.0 million and $5.6 million related to required escrow deposits of restricted cash, reduced by distributions of $6.6$0.4 million received from unconsolidated real estate entities. Net cash flows used by financing activities were $61.3$29.4 million, comprised of $0.3$7.1 million of common equity proceeds raised through sales under our DRSPP and ATM, offset by net repayments onof our senior unsecured revolving credit facility of $12.5$2.5 million, by principal payments or payoffs on mortgage debt of $8.7$2.6 million, payments of deferred financing and offering costs of $0.1$0.2 million, and distributions to shareholders of $40.3$31.2 million.
In March 2016, we changed the monthly dividend and distribution from $0.10 to $0.11 per common share and LTIP unit. We declared total dividends of $0.99$0.22 and $0.97$0.22 per common share and LTIP unit for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,$0.66 and $0.66 per common share and LTIP unit for the six months ended June 30, 2019, respectively.


Liquidity and Capital Resources


At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, our leverage ratio was 39.5% based onapproximately 36.6% measured as the ratio of our net debt (total debt outstanding before deferred financing costs less unrestricted cash and cash equivalents) to hotel investments at cost, including our JV investments. Over the past several years, we have maintained a leverage ratio between the mid-30s and the low 50s to fund our acquisitions and investments in joint ventures. At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, we have total debt of $604.5$665.4 million at an average interest rate of approximately 4.6%4.3%. Accordingly, our debt coverage ratios are currently favorable and we are comfortable in this leverage range and believe we have the capacity and flexibility to take advantage of acquisition opportunities as they arise. We intend to continue to fund our investments with a prudent balance of debt and equity. We will pay down borrowings on our senior unsecured revolving credit facility with excess cash flow until we find other uses of cash such as investments in our existing hotels, hotel acquisitions or further joint venture investments.
At SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 2016,2019, we had $75.0$173.0 million and $52.5$90.0 million, respectively, in outstanding borrowings under our senior unsecured$250.0 million revolving credit facility. At September 30, 2017, the maximum borrowing availability under the senior unsecured revolving credit facility was $250.0 million. We also had mortgage debt on individual hotels aggregating $529.5$492.4 million and $532.6$496.9 million at SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 2016,2019, respectively.
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Our senior unsecured credit facility contains representations, warranties, covenants, terms and conditions customary for transactionscredit facilities of this type, including a maximum leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio and minimum net worth financial covenants, limitations on (i) liens, (ii) incurrence of debt, (iii) investments, (iv) distributions, and (v) mergers and asset dispositions, covenants to preserve corporate existence and comply with laws, covenants on the use of proceeds of the senior unsecured revolving credit facility and default provisions, including defaults for non-payment, breach of representations and warranties, insolvency, non-performance of covenants, cross-defaults and guarantor defaults.

On May 6, 2020, the company amended its credit facility to provide it with certain relief from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.The amendment provides for the waiver of certain financial covenants through March 31, 2021 and allows Chatham to borrow up to the entire $250 million facility size during this period.During this covenant waiver period, Chatham will be required to maintain a minimum liquidity of $25 million which will include both unrestricted cash and credit facility availability.In connection with the amendment, Chatham added six hotels to the credit facility’s borrowing base which now has a total of 18 properties.The amendment provided Chatham’s credit facility lenders with pledges of the equity in the 18 borrowing base hotels.The amendment places additional limits on Chatham’s ability to incur debt, pay dividends, and make capital expenditures during the covenant waiver period.During the covenant waiver period interest will be calculated as LIBOR (subject to a 0.5% floor) plus a spread of 2.5% if borrowings remain at or below $200 million and a spread of 3.0% if borrowings exceed $200 million. We were in compliance with all modified financial covenants at SeptemberJune 30, 2017. We expect to meet all financial covenants during the remainder of 2017 based upon our current projections.2020.

We expect to meet our short-term liquidity requirements generally through net cash provided by operations, existing cash balances and if necessary, short-term borrowingsavailability under our senior unsecured revolving credit facility or through the encumbrance of any unencumbered hotels.facility. We believe that our netexisting cash provided by operationsbalances and availability under our credit facility will be adequate to fund operating obligations, pay interest on any borrowings and fund dividends in accordance with the requirements for qualification as a REIT under the Code. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements, such as hotel property acquisitions and debt maturities or repayments through additional long-term secured and unsecured borrowings, the issuance of additional equity or debt securities or the possible sale of existing assets.
Through our $25 million DRSPP, which was established in January 2014, shareholders may purchase additional common shares by reinvesting some or all of the cash dividends received on our common shares. Shareholders may also make optional cash purchases of our common shares subject
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused, and is continuing to certain limitations detailedcause, significant disruption in the prospectusfinancial markets both globally and in the United States, and will continue to impact, possibly materially, our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot predict the degree, or duration, to which our operations will be affected by the COVID-19 outbreak, and the effects could be material. While we believe the liquidity provided by our unrestricted cash and credit facility availability, valuable unencumbered assets and aggressive cost reduction initiatives will enable us to fund our current obligations for the DRSPP. Asforeseeable future, COVID-19 has resulted in significant disruption of September 30, 2017, we had issued 360,436 shares under the DRSPP atglobal financial markets, which could have a weighted average price of $20.54. As of September 30, 2017, there was approximately $17.6 million available for issuance under the DRSPP.

In January 2014, we also established our ATM Plan whereby, from time to time, we may publicly offer and sell our common shares having an aggregate maximum offering price of up to $50 million of our common shares by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions on the NYSE, in negotiated transactions or in transactions that are deemed to be “at-the-market” offerings as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. acting as sales agent pursuant to a Sales Agreement (the “Cantor Sales Agreement”). On January 13, 2015, the Company entered into a Sales Agreement (the “Barclays Sales Agreement”) with Barclays Capital Inc. (“Barclays”) to add Barclays as an additional sales agent under the Company’s ATM Plan. Total shares issued under the ATM Plan since the inception of the plan are 1,993,199 at a weighted average price of $21.92 raising gross proceeds of approximately $43.7 million. As of September 30, 2017, there was approximately $6.3 million available for issuance under the ATM Plan.
We intend to continue to invest in hotel properties as suitable opportunities arise. We intend to finance our future investments with free cash flow, the net proceeds from additional issuances of common and preferred shares, issuances of common units in our Operating Partnership or other securities, borrowings or asset sales. The success of our acquisition strategy depends, in part,negative impact on our ability to access additional capital through other sources. There can be no assurance that we will continuein the future.Because the situation is ongoing, and because the duration and severity remain unclear, it is difficult to make investments in properties that meetforecast any impacts on our investment criteria. Additionally, we may choose to dispose of certain hotels as a means to provide liquidity.future results.


Dividend Policy


Our current common share dividend policy is generallyhas been to distribute, annually, approximately 100% of our annual taxable income. We suspended dividends after the March 2020 payment due to the decline in operating performance caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. We plan to pay dividends required to maintain REIT status. The aggregate amount of dividends and distributions declared for the six months ended June 30, 2020 was $0.22 per common share and LTIP unit. The amount of any dividends is determined by our Board of Trustees. Our current monthly dividend and distribution rate is $0.11 per common share and LTIP unit. The aggregate amount of dividends and distributions declared for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $0.99 per common share and LTIP unit.


Capital Expenditures


We intend to maintain each hotel property in good repair and condition and in conformity with applicable laws and regulations and in accordance with the franchisors' standards and any agreed-upon requirements in our management and loan agreements. After we acquire a hotel property, we may be required to complete a property improvement plan (“PIP”) in order to be granted a new franchise license for that particular hotel property. PIPs are intended to bring the hotel property up to the franchisors' standards. Certain of our loans require that we escrow, for property improvement purposes, at the hotels collateralizing these loans, amounts up to 5% of gross revenue from such hotels. We intend to spend amounts necessary to
comply with any reasonable loan or franchisor requirements and otherwise to the extent that such expenditures are in the best interest of the hotel. To the extent that we spend more on capital expenditures than is available from our operations, we intend to fund those capital expenditures with available cash and borrowings under our senior unsecured revolving credit facility.


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For the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, we invested approximately $8.5$4.3 million and $4.7$11.5 million for renovations and other non-recurring capital expenditures on our existing hotels, respectively, and for the ninesix months ended SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and 2016,2019, we invested approximately $23.5$10.4 million and $22.8$20.7 million, respectively, onrespectively. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we have reduced our planned 2020 capital investments in our hotels. expenditures by approximately $10 million. We expect to invest an additional $3.5$4.0 million on renovations,renovations, discretionary and emergency expenditures on our existing hotels for the remainder of 2017.2020, including improvements required under any brand PIP.


The Company is continuing with plans to expand two Residence Inns located in Sunnyvale, CA. The expansions are expected to include a new lobby and public spaces in each location. We are not certain whendeveloping a hotel in Los Angeles, CA on a parcel of land owned by us. We expect that the expansionstotal development costs for construction of the two Sunnyvale Residence Inns will commence. It is possible that one or bothhotel to be approximately $70 million, which includes the cost of these projects will commence in 2018, but the timing is uncertain due to potential delays related to finalizing plans, obtaining approvals from local authorities and ensuringland. We have incurred $30.5 million of costs to completedate, which includes $6.6 million of the expansions justifyland acquisition costs and $23.9 million of other development costs.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We had no material off-balance sheet arrangements at June 30, 2020, other than non-recourse debt associated with the investment. While we do not have final budgets for these projects, we currently anticipate that total expenditures will be approximately $75 millionNewINK JV and the Inland JV. In connection with certain non-recourse mortgage loans in either the NewINK JV or Inland JV, our Operating Partnership could require us to $80 million, but these costs are subject to change.repay our pro rata share of portions of each respective JVs indebtedness in connection with certain customary non-recourse carve-out provisions such as environmental conditions, misuse of funds and material misrepresentations.


Contractual Obligations


The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and the effect these obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in thousands). We had no material off-balance sheet arrangements at September
  
Payments Due by Period
Contractual ObligationsTotalLess Than One YearOne to Three YearsThree to Five YearsMore Than Five Years
Corporate office lease (1)$5,403  $409  $1,684  $1,770  $1,540  
Revolving credit facility, including interest (2)182,317  2,767  179,550  —  —  
Ground leases72,851  609  2,438  2,438  67,366  
Property loans, including interest (2)556,980  16,285  77,214  447,550  15,931  
Total$817,551  $20,070  $260,886  $451,758  $84,837  
1.The Company entered into a corporate office lease in 2015. The lease is for eleven years and includes a 12-month rent abatement period and certain tenant improvement allowances. The Company shares the space with related parties and is reimbursed for the pro-rata share of rentable space occupied by related parties.
2.Does not reflect paydowns or additional borrowings under the revolving credit facility after June 30, 2017, other than non-recourse debt associated with2020. Interest payments are based on the NewINK JV and the Inland JVinterest rate in effect as discussed below.of June 30, 2020. See Note 7, “Debt” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information relating to our property loans.
  
Payments Due by Period
Contractual ObligationsTotal Less Than
One Year
 One to Three
Years
 Three to Five
Years
 More Than Five
Years
Corporate office lease (1)$7,563
 $192
 $1,564
 $1,644
 $4,163
Revolving credit facility, including interest (2)87,066
 1,774
 7,094
 78,198
 
Ground leases74,735
 304
 2,437
 2,540
 69,454
Property loans, including interest (2)665,129
 7,368
 61,690
 80,484
 515,587
Total$834,493
 $9,638
 $72,785
 $162,866
 $589,204
(1)
The Company entered into a new corporate office lease in 2015. The lease is for eleven years and includes a 12-month rent abatement period and certain tenant improvement allowances. The Company shares the space with related parties and is reimbursed for the pro-rata share of rentable space occupied by related parties.
(2)Does not reflect paydowns or additional borrowings under the senior unsecured revolving credit facility after September 30, 2017. Interest payments are based on the interest rate in effect as of September 30, 2017. See Note 8, “Debt” to our unaudited consolidated financial statements for additional information relating to our property loans.
In addition to the above listed obligations, we pay management and franchise fees to our hotel management companies and franchisors based on the revenues of our hotels.

The table above also does not include $4.0 million that we expect to invest on renovations, discretionary and emergency capital expenditures on our existing hotels for the remainder of 2020, or $39.5 million of estimated remaining costs associated with our Los Angeles hotel development. Our contracts associated with these planned capital expenditures contain clauses that allow us to cancel all or some portion of the work. If cancellation of a contract occurred, our commitment would be any costs incurred up to the cancellation date, in addition to any costs associated with the discharge of the contract.
The Company’s ownership interests in the JVs are subject to change in the event that either we or CLNSCLNY calls for additional capital contributions to the respective JVs necessary for the conduct of that JV's business, including contributions to fund costs and expenses related to capital expenditures. We manage the NewINK JV and Inland JV and will receive a promote interest in the applicable JV if it meets certain return thresholds. CLNSCLNY may also approve certain actions related to the JVs without the Company’s consent, including certain property dispositions conducted at arm’s length, certain actions related to the restructuring of the JVs and removal of the Company as managing member in the event the Company fails to fulfill its material obligations under the respective joint venture agreements.
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In connection with certain non-recourse mortgage loans in either the NewINK JV or Inland JV, our Operating Partnership could require us to repay our pro rata share of portions of each respective JVs indebtedness in connection with certain customary non-recourse carve-out provisions such as environmental conditions, misuse of funds and material misrepresentations.


Inflation


Operators of hotels, in general, possess the ability to adjust room rates daily to reflect the effects of inflation. However, competitive pressures may limit the ability of our management companies to raise room rates.


Seasonality


Demand for our hotels is affected by recurring seasonal patterns. Generally, we expect that we will have lower revenue, operating income and cash flow in the first and fourth quarters and higher revenue, operating income and cash flow in the second and third quarters. These general trends are, however, influenced by overall economic cycles and the geographic locations of our hotels.


Critical Accounting Policies


Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP, which requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities at the date of our financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. While we do not believe the reported amounts would be materially different, application of these policies involves the exercise of judgment and the use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. All of our significant accounting policies, including certain critical accounting policies, are disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2019.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards


Refer to Note 3, Recently Issued2, Summary of Significant Accounting StandardsPolicies for all new recently issued accounting standards.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.


We may be exposed to interest rate changes primarily as a result of our assumption of long-term debt in connection with our acquisitions and upon refinancing of existing debt. Our interest rate risk management objectives are to limit the impact of interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower overall borrowing costs. To achieve these objectives, we seek to borrow primarily at fixed rates or variable rates with the lowest margins available and, in some cases, with the ability to convert variable rates to fixed rates. With respect to variable rate financing, we will assess interest rate risk by identifying and monitoring changes in interest rate exposures that may adversely impact expected future cash flows and by evaluating hedging opportunities.


The Company estimates the fair value of its fixed rate debt by discounting the future cash flows of each instrument at estimated market rates. Rates take into consideration general market conditions, maturity and fair value of the underlying collateral. The estimated fair value of the Company’s fixed rate debt at SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 and December 31, 20162019 was $534.1$479.5 million and $516.0$501.5 million, respectively.


At SeptemberJune 30, 2017,2020, our consolidated debt was comprised of floating and fixed interest rate debt. The fair value of our fixed rate debt indicates the estimated principal amount of debt having the same debt service requirements that could have been borrowed at the date presented, at then current market interest rates. The following table provides information about the maturities of our financial instruments as of SeptemberJune 30, 20172020 that are sensitive to changes in interest rates (dollars in thousands):


202020212022202320242025ThereafterTotal/ Weighted AverageFair Value
Floating rate:
Debt$173,000—  —  —  $173,000  $173,000  
Average interest rate (1)3.11%—  —  —  3.11 %
Fixed rate:
Debt$4,982$22,050$9,954$143,084  $296,387  $15,920  —  $492,377  $479,471  
Average interest rate4.69 %5.27 %4.63 %4.66 %4.64 %4.25 %—  4.66 %

2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Thereafter Total/ Weighted Average Fair Value
Floating rate:
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Debt
 
 $75,000
 $
 
 
 
 $75,000
 $75,000
Average interest rate (1)
 
 4.03% 
 
 
 
 4.03% 
Fixed rate:
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Debt$1,239 $5,374 $7,340 $9,899
 $22,308
 $10,350
 $472,959 $529,469
 $534,104
Average interest rate4.75% 4.69% 4.68% 4.67% 5.25% 4.62% 4.62% 4.65% 
(1) Weighted average interest rate based on borrowings at LIBOR of 1.24%0.50% plus a margin of 1.95% and prime2.50% at June 30, 2020.

All of our floating rate of 4.25% plusdebt is currently subject to a margin of 0.95% at September0.5% LIBOR floor. At June 30, 20172020 1-month LIBOR was 0.17%.
We estimate that a hypothetical 100 basis points increase on the variable interest ratein LIBOR would result in additional interest expense of approximately $0.8$1.2 million annually. This assumes that the amount outstanding under our floating rate debt remains $75.0$173.0 million, the balance as of SeptemberJune 30, 2017.2020. 

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures.


Disclosure Controls and Procedures


Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures


Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.


Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting


There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION


Item 1. Legal Proceedings.


The nature of the operations of the Company's hotels exposes those hotels, the Company and the Operating Partnership to the risk of claims and litigation in the normal course of their business. IHM is currently a defendant in several class action lawsuits pending in the state of California.

The first class action lawsuit was filed in the Santa Clara County Superior Court on October 21, 2016 under the title Ruffy, et al, v. Island Hospitality Management, LLC, et al. Case No. 16-CV-301473 (“Ruffy”) and the second class action lawsuit was filed on March 21, 2018 under the title Doonan, et al, v. Island Hospitality Management, LLC, et al. Case No 18-CV-325187 (“Doonan”). The class actions relate to hotels operated by IHM in the state of California and owned by affiliates of the Company and the NewINK JV, and/or certain third parties. The complaints allege various wage and hour law violations based on alleged misclassification of certain hotel managerial staff and violation of certain California statutes regarding incorrect information contained on employee paystubs. The plaintiffs seek injunctive relief, money damages, penalties, and interest. A settlement agreement has been negotiated and approved by the applicable courts for Ruffy and Doonan. As of June 30, 2020, included in accounts payable and accrued expenses is not presently subject to any material litigation nor,$0.1 million which represents an estimate of the Company’s total exposure to the Company’s knowledge,Ruffy and Doonan litigations based on standard indemnification obligations under hotel management agreements with IHM.

In addition, IHM is any material litigation threatened againsta defendant in the following series of interrelated class action lawsuits: Perez et al. v. Island Hospitality Management III LLC et al. (United States District Court for the Central District of California, Case No. 2:18-cv-04903-DMG-JPR) filed on March 15, 2018, Cruz v. Island Hospitality Management III LLC (Santa Clara County Superior Court Case No. 19CV353655) filed on August 19, 2019, Leon et al. v. Island Hospitality Management III LLC (Orange County Superior Court Case No. 30-2019-01050719-CU-OE-CXC) filed on April 2, 2019, and Vela v. Island Hospitality Management LLC et al. (San Diego County Superior Court, Case No. 37-2019-0003525) filed on July 9, 2019 (collectively the “Perez class actions”). The Perez class actions also relate to hotels operated by IHM in the state of California and owned by affiliates of the Company and the NewINK JV, and/or its properties.certain third parties. The complaints allege various wage and hour law violations based on alleged violation of certain California statutes regarding rest and meal breaks and wage statements. The plaintiffs seek injunctive relief, money damages, penalties, and interest. Settlement agreements have been negotiated and currently await approval by the applicable courts. As of June 30, 2020, included in accounts payable and accrued expenses is $0.6 million which represents an estimate of the Company’s total exposure to the Perez class actions based on standard indemnification obligations under hotel management agreements with IHM.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes in the risk factors described in Item 1A of the Company’sOur Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.2019 includes detailed discussions of our risk factors under the heading “Risk Factors.”


The current COVID-19 pandemic had, and may continue to have, or a future pandemic could have, adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and performance.

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The global pandemic caused by the coronavirus known as COVID-19 has had a severe and negative impact on both the U.S. economy and the global economy.Financial markets have experienced significant volatility during the first half of 2020, which is expected to continue over the upcoming quarters.Globally and throughout the United States, federal and local governments have instituted quarantines, restrictions on travel, school closings, "shelter in place" orders, and restrictions on types of businesses that may continue operations.Although certain of these restrictions have begun, and may continue, to ease in some places, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including large outbreaks of COVID-19 in various regions, has resulted, and may continue to result, in their reinstitution. These restrictions have had a severe impact on the U.S. lodging industry and some of our hotels continue to operate at a significantly reduced occupancy.

The following factors should be considered since the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly adversely affected the ability of our hotel managers to successfully operate our hotels and has, or the continued and prolonged effects of the COVID-19 may have, a significant adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows due to, among other factors:

Significant reduction of operations at some of our properties;
a variety of factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic have caused, and are expected to continue to cause, a sharp decline in group, business and leisure travel, including but not limited to (i) restrictions on travel mandated by governmental entities or voluntarily imposed by employers, (ii) the postponement or cancellation of conventions and conferences, music and arts festivals, sporting events and other large public gatherings, (iii) the closure of amusement parks, museums and other tourist attractions, (iv) the closure of colleges and universities, and (v) negative public perceptions of travel and public gatherings in light of the perceived risks associated with COVID-19;
travelers are, and may continue to be, wary to travel where, or because, they may view the risk of contagion as increased and contagion or virus-related deaths linked or alleged to be linked to travel to our properties, whether accurate or not, may injure our reputation;
travelers may be dissuaded from traveling due to possible enhanced COVID-19-related screening measures which are being implemented across multiple markets we serve;
travelers may be dissuaded from traveling due to the concern that additional travel restrictions implemented between their departure and return may affect their ability to return to their homes;
commercial airline service has been reduced or suspended to many of the areas in which our hotels are located, and if scheduled airline service does not increase or return to normal levels once our resorts are re-opened it could negatively affect our revenues;
the reduced economic activity could also result in an economic recession, and increased unemployment, which could negatively impact future ability or desire to travel lodging demand and, therefore, our revenues, even after the temporary restrictions are lifted;
a decrease in the ancillary revenue from amenities at our properties;
the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively impact our future compliance with the financial covenants of our credit facility or other debt obligations, and result in a default and potentially an acceleration of indebtedness which would adversely affect our financial condition and liquidity;
difficulty in accessing debt and equity capital on attractive terms, or at all, and a severe disruption and instability in the global financial markets or deteriorations in credit and financing conditions may affect our access to capital;
the general decline in business activity and demand for real estate transactions adversely affecting our ability to acquire additional properties;
the potential negative impact on the health of our personnel, particularly if a significant number of them are impacted, could result in a deterioration in our ability to ensure business continuity during and after this disruption;
the increase in number of our employees working remotely has increased certain risks to our business, including increased demand on our information technology resources and systems, greater potential for phishing and other cybersecurity attacks, and an increase in the number of points of potential attack;
we may be subject to increased risks related to employee matters, including increased employment litigation and claims for severance or other benefits tied to termination or furloughs as a result of reduced operations prompted by the effects of the pandemic; and
the reduction in our cash flows caused the suspension of dividends during the first quarter of 2020, and continued suspension through the second quarter of 2020, and could impact our ability to pay dividends to our stockholders at expected levels in the future.

The rapid development and fluidity of the COVID-19 pandemic makes it extremely difficult to assess its full adverse economic impact, and future impact, on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and performance. In addition, an outbreak of another disease or similar public health threat, or fear of such an event, that affects travel demand, travel behavior or travel restrictions could have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition and operating results. Outbreaks of other diseases could also result in increased government restrictions and regulation, such as those actions described above or otherwise, which could adversely affect our operations.

The potential effects of the COVID-19 pandemic also could intensify or otherwise affect many of our other risk factors that are included in Part 1-Item 1A. Risk Factors of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 (the "Annual Report"). Because the COVID-19 situation is unprecedented and continuously evolving, the other potential impacts to our risk factors that are further described in our Annual Report are uncertain.
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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.


None.


Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.


None.


Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.


Not applicable.


Item 5. Other Information.


None.

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Item 6. Exhibits.


The following exhibits are filed as part of this report:
 
Exhibit
Number
Description of Exhibit
Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Chatham Lodging Trust (1)
Second Amended and Restated Bylaws of Chatham Lodging Trust(2)
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302Section302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as adopted pursuant to Section 302Section302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906Section906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INSXBRL Instance Document
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
*101.INSThe instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the interactive date file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
*Furnished herewith. Such certification shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(1(1))Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 29, 2016 (File No. 001-34693).
(2(2))Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 21, 2015 (File No. 001-34693).



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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
Dated:August 5, 2020CHATHAM LODGING TRUST
Dated:October 31, 2017By: /s/ JEREMY B. WEGNER
Jeremy B. Wegner
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer and duly authorized officer of the registrant)


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