UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-35007

Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						20-5589597
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2002 West Wahalla Lane

Phoenix, Arizona 85027

(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(602) 269-2000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock $0.01 Par Value

KNX

New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer

☒

Accelerated Filer

☐

Non-accelerated Filer

☐

Smaller Reporting Company

☐

Emerging Growth Company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

There were approximately ~~161,294,000~~161,611,000 shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding as of ~~July 26, 2023.~~April 24, 2024.

Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION			PAGE
Item 1. Financial Statements			4

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) — ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022~~2023			4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) — Quarter ended March 31, 202 4 and ~~Year-to-Date~~202 ~~ended~~ ~~June 30, 2023 and 2022~~3			5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) — Quarter ended March 31 , 202 4 and ~~Year-to-Date~~202 ~~ended~~ ~~June 30, 2023 and 2022~~3			6

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) — Quarter ended March 31, 202 4 and ~~Year-to-Da~~202 te ~~ended~~ ~~June 30, 2023 and 2022~~3			8

Note 1 — Introduction and Basis of Presentation			109



Note 2 — Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements			1110

Note 3 — Acquisitions			1110







Note 4 — Income Taxes			12



Note 5 — Accounts Receivable Securitization			1213

Note 6 — Debt and Financing			14

Note 7 — Defined Benefit Pension Plan			16

Note 8 — Purchase Commitments			16

Note 9 — Contingencies and Legal Proceedings			17

Note 10 — Share Repurchase Plans			1817

Note 11 — Weighted Average Shares Outstanding			18

Note 12 — Fair Value Measurement			1918

Note 13 — Related Party Transactions			2220

Note 14 — Financial Information by Segment and Geography			2221

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			2422

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			5651

Item 4. Controls and Procedures			5652
PART II OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings			5753

Item 1A. Risk Factors			5753

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			5753

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities			5753

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures			5753

Item 5. Other Information			5753

Item 6. Exhibits			5854

Signatures			5955

Table of Contents

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.




GLOSSARY OF TERMS
The following glossary defines certain acronyms and terms used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These acronyms and terms are specific to our company, commonly used in our industry, or are otherwise frequently used throughout our document.
Term			Definition
Knight-Swift/the Company/Management/We/Us/Our			Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, these terms represent Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries.

2017 Merger			The September 8, 2017 merger of Knight Transportation, Inc. and its subsidiaries and Swift Transportation Company and its subsidiaries, pursuant to which we became Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc.




2021 Debt Agreement			The Company's unsecured credit agreement, entered into on September 3, 2021, consisting of the 2021 Revolver and 2021 Term Loans, which are defined below
2021 Prudential Notes			Third amended and restated note purchase and private shelf agreement, entered into on September 3, 2021 by ACT with unrelated financial entities
2021 Revolver			Revolving line of credit under the 2021 Debt Agreement, maturing on September 3, 2026
2021 Term Loans			The Company's term loans under the 2021 Debt Agreement, collectively consisting of the 2021 Term Loan A-1, 2021 Term Loan A-2 and 2021 Term Loan A-3
2021 Term Loan A-1			The Company's term loan under the 2021 Debt Agreement, which matured on December 3, 2022
2021 Term Loan A-2			The Company's term loan under the 2021 Debt Agreement, maturing on September 3, 2024
2021 Term Loan A-3			The Company's term loan under the 2021 Debt Agreement, maturing on September 3, 2026

2023 Term Loan			The Company's term loan entered into on June 22, 2023, maturing on September 3, 2026
~~2021 RSA~~			~~Fifth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Receivables Sales Agreement, entered into on April 23, 2021 by Swift Receivables Company II, LLC with unrelated financial entities.~~
2022 RSA			Sixth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Receivables Sales Agreement, entered into on October 3, 2022 by Swift Receivables Company II, LLC with unrelated financial ~~entities.~~entities
2023 RSA			Seventh Amendment to the Amended and Restated Receivables Sales Agreement, entered into on October 23, 2023 by Swift Receivables Company II, LLC with unrelated financial entities


ACT			AAA Cooper Transportation, and its affiliated entity
ACT Acquisition			The Company's acquisition of 100% of the securities of ACT on July 5, 2021
Annual Report			Annual Report on Form 10-K
ASC			Accounting Standards Codification
ASU			Accounting Standards Update
Board			Knight-Swift's Board of Directors
BSBY			Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index

DOE			United States Department of Energy
EPS			Earnings Per Share
~~Embark~~			~~Embark Technology Inc. and its related entities~~
ESPP			Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Employee Stock Purchase Plan



GAAP			United States Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
IRS			Internal Revenue Service




NYSE			New York Stock Exchange
LTL			Less-than-truckload
MME			~~RAC~~ MME, ~~Holdings, LLC.~~Inc. and its ~~subsidiaries, MME, Inc. and~~subsidiary, Midwest Motor Express, Inc.
Quarterly Report			Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

RSU			Restricted Stock Unit
SEC			United States Securities and Exchange Commission
SOFR			Secured overnight financing rate as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York



US			The United States of America
U.S. Xpress			U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. and its subsidiaries
U.S. Xpress Acquisition			The Company's acquisition of 100% of the securities of U.S. Xpress on July 1, 2023
UTXL			UTXL Enterprises, Inc.

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION


ITEM 1.			FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)


		June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
		(In thousands, except per share data)
	March 31, 2024						March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands, except per share data)							(In thousands, except per share data)
ASSETS	ASSETS
Current assets:	Current assets:
Current assets:
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	228,957	$	196,770
Cash and cash equivalents – restricted	Cash and cash equivalents – restricted	251,438		185,792
Restricted investments, held-to-maturity, amortized cost	Restricted investments, held-to-maturity, amortized cost	3,082		7,175
Trade receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $25,693 and $22,980, respectively		712,197		842,294
Trade receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $40,739 and $39,458, respectively
Contract balance – revenue in transit	Contract balance – revenue in transit	13,608		15,859
Prepaid expenses	Prepaid expenses	100,896		108,081
Assets held for sale	Assets held for sale	59,310		40,602
Income tax receivable	Income tax receivable	17,303		58,974
Acquisition escrow		444,657		—

Other current assets
Other current assets
Other current assets	Other current assets	53,662		38,025
Total current assets	Total current assets	1,885,110		1,493,572
Gross property and equipment	Gross property and equipment	5,980,256		5,740,383
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(2,018,107)		(1,905,340)
Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net	3,962,149		3,835,043
Operating lease right-of-use-assets	Operating lease right-of-use-assets	200,708		192,358
Goodwill	Goodwill	3,519,339		3,519,339
Intangible assets, net	Intangible assets, net	1,744,056		1,776,569
Other long-term assets	Other long-term assets	126,530		134,785
Total assets	Total assets	$	11,437,892	$	10,951,666
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:	Current liabilities:
Current liabilities:
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
Accounts payable
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	$	223,482	$	220,849
Accrued payroll and purchased transportation	Accrued payroll and purchased transportation	159,066		171,381
Accrued liabilities	Accrued liabilities	81,766		81,528
Claims accruals – current portion	Claims accruals – current portion	366,238		311,822
Finance lease liabilities and long-term debt – current portion	Finance lease liabilities and long-term debt – current portion	73,304		71,466
Operating lease liabilities – current portion	Operating lease liabilities – current portion	41,565		36,961

Total current liabilities
Total current liabilities
Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	945,421		894,007
Revolving line of credit	Revolving line of credit	210,000		43,000
Long-term debt – less current portion	Long-term debt – less current portion	1,265,204		1,024,668
Finance lease liabilities – less current portion	Finance lease liabilities – less current portion	333,009		344,377
Operating lease liabilities – less current portion	Operating lease liabilities – less current portion	153,765		149,992
Accounts receivable securitization	Accounts receivable securitization	338,641		418,561
Claims accruals – less current portion	Claims accruals – less current portion	205,605		201,838
Deferred tax liabilities	Deferred tax liabilities	899,891		907,893
Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	5,313		12,049
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	4,356,849		3,996,385
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7, 8, and 9)	Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7, 8, and 9)					Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7, 8, and 9)
Stockholders’ equity:	Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000 shares authorized; none issued	Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000 shares authorized; none issued	—		—
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 500,000 shares authorized; 161,276 and 160,706 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.		1,613		1,607
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000 shares authorized; none issued
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 10,000 shares authorized; none issued
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 500,000 shares authorized; 161,593 and 161,385 shares issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(815)		(2,436)
Additional paid-in capital		4,412,069		4,392,266
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	2,657,415		2,553,567
Total Knight-Swift stockholders' equity	Total Knight-Swift stockholders' equity	7,070,282		6,945,004
Noncontrolling interest	Noncontrolling interest	10,761		10,277
Total stockholders’ equity	Total stockholders’ equity	7,081,043		6,955,281
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	11,437,892	$	10,951,666

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023		2022			2023		2022
		(In thousands, except per share data)									Quarter Ended March 31,
												2024	2023
						(In thousands, except per share data)								(In thousands, except per share data)
Revenue:	Revenue:
Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge
Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge
Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	$	1,390,448	$	1,694,531		$	2,840,741	$	3,342,409
Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	162,531		266,600			349,170		445,711
Total revenue	Total revenue	1,552,979		1,961,131			3,189,911		3,788,120
Operating expenses:	Operating expenses:
Salaries, wages, and benefits
Salaries, wages, and benefits
Salaries, wages, and benefits	Salaries, wages, and benefits	533,237		549,956			1,069,979		1,086,012
Fuel	Fuel	168,300		257,146			356,059		447,635
Operations and maintenance	Operations and maintenance	101,380		106,724			200,691		202,607
Insurance and claims	Insurance and claims	137,306		102,084			275,345		200,276
Operating taxes and licenses	Operating taxes and licenses	28,332		30,204			54,222		59,241
Communications	Communications	6,184		5,744			11,933		11,614
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment	Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment	156,381		147,482			312,347		292,526
Amortization of intangibles	Amortization of intangibles	16,505		16,215			32,688		32,381
Rental expense	Rental expense	16,073		13,492			31,141		26,893
Purchased transportation	Purchased transportation	258,259		384,910			538,988		771,356
Impairments	Impairments	—		—			—		810
Miscellaneous operating expenses	Miscellaneous operating expenses	36,992		21,396			67,701		32,905
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	1,458,949		1,635,353			2,951,094		3,164,256
Operating income	Operating income	94,030		325,778			238,817		623,864
Other (expenses) income:	Other (expenses) income:
Interest income	Interest income	5,508		675			10,557		1,136
Interest income
Interest income
Interest expense	Interest expense	(24,354)		(9,345)			(47,445)		(16,025)
Other income (expenses), net		9,679		(25,576)			19,382		(39,981)
Other income, net
Total other (expenses) income, net	Total other (expenses) income, net	(9,167)		(34,246)			(17,506)		(54,870)
Income before income taxes		84,863		291,532			221,311		568,994
Income tax expense		21,959		72,090			54,694		141,264
Net income		62,904		219,442			166,617		427,730
(Loss) Income before income taxes
Income tax (benefit) expense
Net (loss) income
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest	Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest	422		50			993		99
Net income attributable to Knight-Swift		63,326		219,492			167,610		427,829
Other comprehensive income (loss)		531		(1,862)			1,621		(2,234)
Comprehensive income		$	63,857	$	217,630		$	169,231	$	425,595
Net (loss) income attributable to Knight-Swift
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Comprehensive (loss) income

Earnings per share:
(Loss) Earnings per share:
(Loss) Earnings per share:
(Loss) Earnings per share:
Basic
Basic
Basic	Basic	$	0.39	$	1.35		$	1.04	$	2.61
Diluted	Diluted	$	0.39	$	1.35		$	1.04	$	2.60

Dividends declared per share:	Dividends declared per share:	$	0.14	$	0.12		$	0.28	$	0.24
Dividends declared per share:
Dividends declared per share:

Weighted average shares outstanding:	Weighted average shares outstanding:
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic
Basic
Basic	Basic	161,116		162,365			161,018		163,863
Diluted	Diluted	161,940		163,166			161,917		164,801

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)


		Year-to-Date June 30,				Quarter Ended March 31,
		2023		2022		2024	2023
		(In thousands)
	(In thousands)							(In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:	Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income		$	166,617	$	427,730
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net (loss) income
Net (loss) income
Net (loss) income
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and intangibles
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and intangibles
Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and intangibles	Depreciation and amortization of property, equipment, and intangibles	345,035		324,907
Gain on sale of property and equipment	Gain on sale of property and equipment	(35,180)		(57,808)
Impairments	Impairments	—		810
Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	(8,002)		(2,439)
Non-cash lease expense	Non-cash lease expense	22,138		19,795
(Gain) loss on equity securities		(1,870)		50,937
Gain on equity securities

Other adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities		36,277		25,603
Other adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities
Other adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities
Other adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities
Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in:	Increase (decrease) in cash resulting from changes in:
Trade receivables
Trade receivables
Trade receivables	Trade receivables	126,429		(103,740)
Income tax receivable	Income tax receivable	41,671		(5,971)
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	5,072		2,060
Accrued liabilities and claims accrual	Accrued liabilities and claims accrual	46,408		50,822
Operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities	(22,187)		(19,772)
Other assets and liabilities	Other assets and liabilities	(218)		7,050
Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	722,190		719,984
Cash flows from investing activities:	Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity investments	Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity investments	3,620		4,306
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity investments
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity investments
Purchases of held-to-maturity investments	Purchases of held-to-maturity investments	(30)		(6,399)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment, including assets held for sale	Proceeds from sale of property and equipment, including assets held for sale	98,755		104,239
Purchases of property and equipment	Purchases of property and equipment	(517,856)		(295,522)
Expenditures on assets held for sale	Expenditures on assets held for sale	(634)		(449)
Net cash, restricted cash, and equivalents invested in acquisitions	Net cash, restricted cash, and equivalents invested in acquisitions	—		(1,291)

Other cash flows from investing activities	Other cash flows from investing activities	155		(9,190)

Other cash flows from investing activities

Other cash flows from investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities	Net cash used in investing activities	(415,990)		(204,306)
Cash flows from financing activities:	Cash flows from financing activities:
Repayments of finance leases and long-term debt	Repayments of finance leases and long-term debt	(38,148)		(66,440)
Proceeds from long-term debt		250,000		—
Repayments of finance leases and long-term debt
Repayments of finance leases and long-term debt

Borrowings (repayments) on revolving lines of credit, net	Borrowings (repayments) on revolving lines of credit, net	167,000		(131,000)

Borrowings (repayments) on revolving lines of credit, net
Borrowings (repayments) on revolving lines of credit, net
Borrowings under accounts receivable securitization
Repayments of accounts receivable securitization	Repayments of accounts receivable securitization	(80,000)		—

Proceeds from common stock issued	Proceeds from common stock issued	3,222		5,057
Repurchases of the Company's common stock		—		(299,941)
Proceeds from common stock issued
Proceeds from common stock issued

Dividends paid
Dividends paid
Dividends paid	Dividends paid	(45,940)		(39,721)
Other cash flows from financing activities	Other cash flows from financing activities	(19,510)		(20,316)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		236,624		(552,361)
Net increase (decrease) in cash, restricted cash, and equivalents		542,824		(36,683)
Net cash used in financing activities
Net (decrease) increase in cash, restricted cash, and equivalents
Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents at beginning of period	Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents at beginning of period	385,345		350,023
Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents at end of period	Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents at end of period	$	928,169	$	313,340

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) — Continued


						Quarter Ended March 31,
						2024	2023
	(In thousands)							(In thousands)
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid (received) during the period for:
Cash paid (received) during the period for:
Cash paid (received) during the period for:
Interest
Interest
Interest
Income taxes
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Equipment acquired included in accounts payable
Equipment acquired included in accounts payable
Equipment acquired included in accounts payable
Financing provided to independent contractors for equipment sold
Transfers from property and equipment to assets held for sale

		Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023		2022
		(In thousands)
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest		$	45,851	$	14,097
Income taxes		16,870		154,819
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Equipment acquired included in accounts payable		$	30,789	$	3,085
Financing provided to independent contractors for equipment sold		3,778		—
Transfers from property and equipment to assets held for sale		80,947		29,510

Purchase price adjustment on acquisition		—		2,163
Contingent consideration associated with acquisitions and investments		—		1,717
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities	30,564		37,897

Property and equipment obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities	Property and equipment obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities	19,797		101,904

Property and equipment obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities
Property and equipment obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities
Property and equipment obtained in exchange for debt and finance lease liabilities reclassified from operating lease liabilities


Reconciliation of Cash, Restricted Cash, and Equivalents:	Reconciliation of Cash, Restricted Cash, and Equivalents:	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022		June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		Reconciliation of Cash, Restricted Cash, and Equivalents:	March 31, 2024	December 31, 2023	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
		(In thousands)
	(In thousands)													(In thousands)
Consolidated Balance Sheets	Consolidated Balance Sheets
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	228,957	$	196,770	$	198,021	$	261,001
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents – restricted 1	Cash and cash equivalents – restricted 1	251,438		185,792		111,449		87,241
Acquisition escrow 2		444,657		—		—		—

Other long-term assets 1
Other long-term assets 1
Other long-term assets 1	Other long-term assets 1	3,117		2,783		3,870		1,781
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents	Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents	$	928,169	$	385,345	$	313,340	$	350,023
Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents
Cash, restricted cash, and equivalents

________

1 Reflects cash and cash equivalents that are primarily restricted for claims payments.

~~2 Reflects restricted cash for the U.S. Xpress acquisition which closed on July 1, 2023.~~

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)

Common Stock Additional
Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total Knight-Swift Stockholders' Equity Noncontrolling
Interest Total
Stockholders’ Equity
Shares Par Value
(In thousands, except per share data)
Balances – December 31, 2022 160,706 $ 1,607 $ 4,392,266 $ 2,553,567 $ (2,436) $ 6,945,004 $ 10,277 $ 6,955,281
Common stock issued to employees 512 5 158 163 163
Common stock issued to the Board 18 — 977 977 977
Common stock issued under ESPP 40 1 2,081 2,082 2,082
Shares withheld – RSU settlement (18,271) (18,271) (18,271)
Employee stock-based compensation expense 16,587 16,587 16,587
Cash dividends paid and dividends accrued ($0.28 per share) (45,491) (45,491) (45,491)
Net income 167,610 167,610 (993) 166,617
Other comprehensive income 1,621 1,621 1,621
Investment in noncontrolling interest 1,716 1,716
Distribution to noncontrolling interest (239) (239)
Balances – June 30, 2023 161,276 $ 1,613 $ 4,412,069 $ 2,657,415 $ (815) $ 7,070,282 $ 10,761 $ 7,081,043
Common Stock Additional
Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss Total Knight-Swift Stockholders' Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total
Stockholders’ Equity
Shares Par Value
(In thousands, except per share data)
Balances – December 31, 2021 165,980 $ 1,660 $ 4,350,913 $ 2,181,142 $ (563) $ 6,533,152 $ 10,298 $ 6,543,450
Common stock issued to employees 607 6 2,369 2,375 2,375
Common stock issued to the Board 18 — 873 873 873
Common stock issued under ESPP 35 — 1,809 1,809 1,809
Company shares repurchased (6,001) (60) (299,881) (299,941) (299,941)
Shares withheld – RSU settlement (20,316) (20,316) (20,316)
Employee stock-based compensation expense 16,952 16,952 16,952
Cash dividends paid and dividends accrued ($0.24 per share) (39,441) (39,441) (39,441)
Net income 427,829 427,829 (99) 427,730
Other comprehensive loss (2,234) (2,234) (2,234)
Balances – June 30, 2022 160,639 $ 1,606 $ 4,372,916 $ 2,249,333 $ (2,797) $ 6,621,058 $ 10,199 $ 6,631,257


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total Knight-Swift Stockholders' Equity		Noncontrolling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Par Value
	(In thousands, except per share data)


































Balances – December 31, 2023	161,385	$	1,613	$	4,426,852	$	2,659,755	$	(830)	$	7,087,390	$	16,691	$	7,104,081

Common stock issued to employees	191	2		(2)						—				—


Common stock issued under ESPP	17	1		952						953				953

Shares withheld – RSU settlement						(6,435)				(6,435)				(6,435)
Employee stock-based compensation expense				3,981						3,981				3,981
Cash dividends paid and dividends accrued ($0.16 per share)						(26,019)				(26,019)				(26,019)
Net loss						(2,635)				(2,635)		(358)		(2,993)
Other comprehensive loss								(38)		(38)				(38)
Investment in noncontrolling interest												730		730
Distribution to noncontrolling interest				(1,047)						(1,047)		(991)		(2,038)


Balances – March 31, 2024	161,593	$	1,616	$	4,430,736	$	2,624,666	$	(868)	$	7,056,150	$	16,072	$	7,072,222


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income		Total Knight-Swift Stockholders' Equity		Noncontrolling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity
	Shares	Par Value
	(In thousands, except per share data)


































Balances – December 31, 2022	160,706	$	1,607	$	4,392,266	$	2,553,567	$	(2,436)	$	6,945,004	$	10,277	$	6,955,281

Common stock issued to employees	282	3		43						46				46


Common stock issued under ESPP	21	—		1,040						1,040				1,040

Shares withheld – RSU settlement						(11,748)				(11,748)				(11,748)
Employee stock-based compensation expense				7,927						7,927				7,927
Cash dividends paid and dividends accrued ($0.14 per share)						(22,730)				(22,730)				(22,730)
Net income (loss)						104,284				104,284		(571)		103,713
Other comprehensive income								1,090		1,090				1,090
Investment in noncontrolling interest												975		975



Balances – March 31, 2023	161,009	$	1,610	$	4,401,276	$	2,623,373	$	(1,346)	$	7,024,913	$	10,681	$	7,035,594

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


~~Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) — Continued~~

Common Stock Additional
Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive Loss Total Knight-Swift Stockholders' Equity Noncontrolling Interest Total
Stockholders’ Equity
Shares Par Value
(In thousands, except per share data)
Balances – March 31, 2022 163,635 $ 1,636 $ 4,360,889 $ 2,209,104 (935) $ 6,570,694 $ 10,249 $ 6,580,943
Common stock issued to employees 243 3 1,961 1,964 1,964
Common stock issued to the Board 18 — 873 873 873
Common stock issued under ESPP 21 — 1,000 1,000 1,000
Company shares repurchased (3,278) (33) (155,027) (155,060) (155,060)
Shares withheld – RSU settlement (4,708) (4,708) (4,708)
Employee stock-based compensation expense 8,193 8,193 8,193
Cash dividends paid and dividends accrued ($0.12 per share) (19,528) (19,528) (19,528)
Net income 219,492 219,492 (50) 219,442
Other comprehensive loss (1,862) (1,862) (1,862)
Balances – June 30, 2022 160,639 $ 1,606 $ 4,372,916 $ 2,249,333 $ (2,797) $ 6,621,058 $ 10,199 $ 6,631,257

~~See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited).~~

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~


Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

Note 1 — Introduction and Basis of Presentation

Certain acronyms and terms used throughout this Quarterly Report are specific to the Company, commonly used in the trucking industry, or are otherwise frequently used throughout this document. Definitions for these acronyms and terms are provided in the "Glossary of Terms," available in the front of this document.

Description of Business

Knight-Swift is a transportation solutions provider, headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona. During the ~~year-to-date period~~quarter ended ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company operated an average of ~~18,002~~23,314 tractors (comprised of ~~16,128~~21,120 company tractors and ~~1,874~~2,194 independent contractor tractors) and ~~79,700~~94,410 trailers within the Truckload segment and leasing activities within the non-reportable segments. The LTL segment operated an average of ~~3,163~~3,357 tractors and ~~8,419~~8,699 trailers. Additionally, the Intermodal segment operated an average of ~~631~~609 tractors and ~~12,835~~12,582 intermodal containers. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company's four reportable segments were Truckload, LTL, Logistics, and Intermodal.

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in this Quarterly Report include the accounts of Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in Knight-Swift's ~~2022~~2023 Annual Report. In management's opinion, these condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP and include all adjustments necessary (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) for the fair statement of the periods presented.

With respect to transactional/durational data, references to years pertain to calendar years. Similarly, references to quarters pertain to calendar quarters.

Note regarding comparability— The reported results do not include U.S. Xpress's operating results prior to its acquisition by the Company on July 1, 2023 in accordance with the accounting treatment applicable to the transaction. Accordingly, comparisons between the Company's first quarter 2024 results and prior periods may not be meaningful.

Seasonality

In the full truckload transportation industry, results of operations generally follow a seasonal pattern. Freight volumes in the first quarter are typically lower due to less consumer demand, customers reducing shipments following the holiday season, and inclement weather. At the same time, operating expenses generally increase, and tractor productivity of the Company's Truckload fleet, independent contractors and third-party carriers decreases during the winter months due to decreased fuel efficiency, increased cold weather-related equipment maintenance and repairs, and increased insurance claims and costs attributed to higher accident frequency from harsh weather. These factors typically lead to lower operating profitability, as compared to other parts of the year. Additionally, beginning in the latter half of the third quarter and continuing into the fourth quarter, the Company typically experiences surges pertaining to holiday shopping trends toward delivery of gifts purchased over the Internet, as well as the length of the holiday season (consumer shopping days between Thanksgiving and Christmas). However, as the Company continues to diversify its business through expansion into the LTL industry, warehousing, and other activities, seasonal volatility is becoming more tempered. Additionally, macroeconomic trends and cyclical changes in the trucking industry, including imbalances in supply and demand, can override the seasonality faced in the industry.

109

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Note 2 — Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Date Issued

Reference

Description

Expected Adoption Date and Method

Financial Statement Impact

March ~~2023~~2024

ASU No. ~~2023-01: Leases (ASC 842),~~ 2024-02: Codification Improvements - Amendments to Remove References to the Concepts Statements~~Common Control Arrangements~~

The amendments in this ASU ~~require~~contain amendments to the Codification that ~~leasehold improvements associated with common control leases be amortized by~~remove references to various Concepts Statements. In most cases, the ~~lessee over~~references are extraneous and not required to understand or apply the ~~useful life of~~guidance. In other instances, the ~~leasehold improvements and that leasehold improvements associated with common control leases be accounted for as a transfer between entities under common control through an adjustment~~references were used in prior Statements to ~~equity if the lessee no longer controls the use of the asset.~~provide guidance in certain topical areas.

January ~~2024,~~2025, Prospective or retrospective

Currently under evaluation, but not expected to be material

~~July 2023~~March 2024

ASU No. 2023-03: Presentation of Financial Statements (ASC 205), Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (ASC 220), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (ASC 480), Equity (ASC 505), and Compensation—2024-01: Compensation - Stock Compensation ~~(ASC~~(Topic 718)

The amendments in this ASU ~~reflect alignment~~improve GAAP by adding an illustrative example that includes four fact patterns to ~~Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 120 ("SAB 120") that was issued by~~demonstrate how an entity should apply the ~~SEC~~scope guidance in ~~November 2021. SAB 120 provides guidance~~paragraph 718-10-15-3 to ~~entities issuing share-based awards shortly before announcing material, nonpublic information. The guidance indicates that entities~~determine whether a profits interest award should consider such material nonpublic information to adjust the observable market if the effect of the release of the material nonpublic information is expected to affect the share price and the share-based awards are non-routinebe accounted for in ~~nature.~~accordance with Topic 718.

~~July 2023, prospective adoption~~January 2025, Prospective or retrospective

Currently under evaluation, but not expected to be material

Note 3 — Acquisitions

First quarter 2024 developments related to the Company's recent acquisitions are discussed below.

U.S. Xpress

On July 1, 2023, the Company ~~closed on the acquisition of~~acquired Chattanooga, Tennessee-based U.S. Xpress Enterprises, Inc. ("U.S. Xpress")~~. The transaction was partially funded using~~, one of the ~~$444.7 million recorded as "Acquisition Escrow" on~~largest asset-based truckload carriers in the United States.

During the quarter ended March 31, 2024, the Company's ~~condensed~~ consolidated ~~balance sheet~~operating results included U.S. Xpress' total revenue of $413.5 million and a net loss of $6.0 million. U.S. Xpress' net loss during quarter ended March 31, 2024 included $2.3 million related to the amortization of intangible assets acquired in the U.S. Xpress Acquisition.

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Purchase Price Allocation

The purchase price allocation for U.S. Xpress is preliminary and has been allocated based on estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date, and among other things may be pending the completion of the valuation of acquired tangible assets, an independent valuation of certain acquired intangible assets, assessment of lease agreements, assessment of certain liabilities, the calculation of deferred taxes based upon the underlying tax basis of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and assessment of other tax related items as ~~of June 30, 2023, which was financed~~applicable. As the Company obtains more information, the preliminary purchase price allocation disclosed below is subject to change. Any future adjustments to the preliminary purchase price allocation, including changes within identifiable intangible assets or estimation uncertainty impacted by market conditions, may impact future net earnings. The purchase price allocation adjustments can be made through the ~~Company's existing credit facilities~~end of the measurement period, which is not to exceed one year from the acquisition date.



	July 1, 2023 Opening Balance Sheet as Reported at December 31, 2023		Adjustments		July 1, 2023 Opening Balance Sheet as Reported at March 31, 2024

Fair value of the consideration transferred	$	632,109	$	—	$	632,109

Cash and cash equivalents	3,321		—		3,321

Receivables	216,659		345		217,004
Prepaid expenses	21,347		—		21,347
Other current assets	47,317		—		47,317
Property and equipment	433,210		—		433,210
Operating lease right-of-use assets	337,055		—		337,055
Identifiable intangible assets 1	348,000		—		348,000

Other noncurrent assets	28,457		—		28,457
Total assets	1,435,366		345		1,435,711

Accounts payable	(115,494)		—		(115,494)
Accrued payroll and payroll-related expenses	(27,485)		—		(27,485)
Accrued liabilities	(19,966)		1,722		(18,244)
Claims accruals – current and noncurrent portions	(180,251)		—		(180,251)
Operating lease liabilities – current and noncurrent portions	(376,763)		—		(376,763)
Long-term debt and finance leases – current and noncurrent portions	(337,949)		—		(337,949)
Deferred tax liabilities	(33,072)		7,448		(25,624)
Other long-term liabilities	(34,230)		(33,846)		(68,076)
Total liabilities	(1,125,210)		(24,676)		(1,149,886)

Noncontrolling interest	(391)		—		(391)
Total stockholders' equity	(391)		—		(391)

Goodwill	$	322,344	$	24,331	$	346,675

1 Includes $184.5 million in customer relationships and $163.5 million in trade names.

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Pro Forma Information — The following unaudited pro forma information combines the historical operations of the Company and U.S. Xpress giving effect to the U.S. Xpress Acquisition, and related transactions as if consummated on January 1, 2023, ~~Term Loan.~~ the beginning of the comparative period presented.


	Quarter Ended March 31,
		2023
		(In thousands, except per share data)
Total revenue		$	2,129,658
Net income attributable to Knight-Swift		78,148
Earnings per share – diluted		0.48

The ~~Company~~unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has ~~not completed~~been presented for comparative purposes only and includes certain adjustments such as recognition of assets acquired at estimated fair values and related depreciation and amortization, elimination of transaction costs incurred by Knight-Swift and U.S. Xpress during the ~~initial accounting for this transaction as it is still~~periods presented that were directly related to the U.S. Xpress Acquisition, and related income tax effects of these items. As a result of the U.S. Xpress Acquisition, both Knight-Swift and U.S. Xpress incurred certain acquisition-related expenses, including professional legal and advisory fees, acceleration of share-based compensation, bonus incentives, severance payments, filing fees and other miscellaneous expenses. These acquisition-related expenses totaled $4.6 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2023. These expenses were eliminated in the ~~preliminary stages of assessing the fair value~~presentation of the ~~underlying tangible and intangible assets.~~ unaudited pro forma "Net income attributable to Knight-Swift" presented above.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information does not purport to represent the actual results of operations that Knight-Swift and U.S. Xpress ~~will be included in our consolidated results beginning~~would have achieved had the companies been combined during the periods presented in the ~~third quarter~~unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements and is not intended to project the future results of ~~2023.~~

~~See Note 6 for more~~operations that the combined company may achieve after the identified transactions. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information ~~about~~does not reflect any cost savings that may be realized as a result of the ~~Company's credit facilities~~U.S. Xpress Acquisition and ~~the 2023 Term Loan.~~also does not reflect any restructuring or integration-related costs to achieve those potential cost savings.

The Company did not complete any ~~other~~ material acquisitions during the ~~year-to-date period~~quarter ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024.

Note 4 — Income Taxes

Effective Tax Rate — The quarter ended March 31, 2024 and March 31, 2023 effective tax rates were 55.1% and 24.0%, respectively. The current quarter effective tax rate was primarily impacted by a reduction in pre-tax income.

Valuation Allowance — Valuation allowances are provided if, based upon the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company has $10.4 million in valuation allowance associated with the capital loss and state operating loss carryforwards which may not be utilized in the future.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits — The Company has unrecognized tax benefits associated with tax credit carryforwards. Management does not expect a decrease in unrecognized tax benefits relating to credits to be necessary within the next twelve months.

Interest and Penalties —The Company did not have accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Tax Examinations—Certain of the Company's subsidiaries are currently under examination by various Federal and state jurisdictions for tax years ranging from 2009 to 2021. At the completion of these examinations, management does not expect any adjustments which would have a material impact on the Company's effective tax rate. Years subsequent to 2019 remain subject to examination.

1112

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

~~Note 4 — Income Taxes~~

~~Effective Tax Rate —~~ The quarter-to-date June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022 effective tax rates were 25.9% and 24.7%, respectively. The year-to-date June 30, 2023 and June 30, 2022 effective tax rates were 24.7% and 24.8%, respectively.

~~Valuation Allowance —~~ The Company has not established a valuation allowance as it has been determined that, based upon available evidence, a valuation allowance is not required. Management believes that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax assets.

~~Unrecognized Tax Benefits —~~ During the quarter, the IRS concluded its audit of one of the Company's subsidiaries' previously filed amended federal income tax return. As a result, the Company no longer has unrecognized tax benefits.

~~Interest and Penalties~~ ~~— The Company had~~ no ~~accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as of~~ ~~June 30, 2023. Accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits were approximately~~ ~~$0.2 million~~ ~~as of December 31, 2022.~~

~~Tax Examinations~~ — ~~Certain of the Company's subsidiaries are currently under examination by various state jurisdictions for tax years ranging from 2019~~ to ~~2021~~. ~~At the completion of these examinations, management does not expect any adjustments that would have a material impact on the Company's effective tax rate. Years subsequent to2017~~ ~~remain subject to examination.~~

Note 5 — Accounts Receivable Securitization

On October ~~3, 2022,~~23, 2023, the Company entered into the ~~2022~~2023 RSA, which further amended the ~~2021~~2022 RSA. The ~~2022~~2023 RSA is a secured borrowing that is collateralized by the Company's eligible receivables, for which the Company is the servicing agent. The Company's receivable originator subsidiaries sell, on a revolving basis, undivided interests in all of their eligible accounts receivable to Swift Receivables Company II, LLC ("SRCII") who in turn sells a variable percentage ownership in those receivables to the various purchasers. The Company's eligible receivables are included in "Trade receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts" in the consolidated balance sheets. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company's eligible receivables generally have high credit quality, as determined by the obligor's corporate credit rating.

The ~~2022~~2023 RSA is subject to fees, various affirmative and negative covenants, representations and warranties, and default and termination provisions customary for facilities of this type. The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of ~~June 30, 2023.~~March 31, 2024. Collections on the underlying receivables by the Company are held for the benefit of SRCII and the various purchasers and are unavailable to satisfy claims of the Company and its subsidiaries.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED~~

The following table summarizes the key terms of the ~~2022~~2023 RSA (dollars in thousands):


			~~2022~~2023 RSA
			(Dollars in thousands)
Effective date			October ~~3, 2022~~23, 2023
Final maturity date			October 1, 2025
Borrowing capacity			$~~475,000~~575,000
Accordion option 1			$100,000
Unused commitment fee rate 2			20 to 40 basis points
Program fees on outstanding balances 3			one month SOFR + credit adjustment spread 10 basis points + 82.5 basis points

1The accordion option increases the maximum borrowing capacity, subject to participation of the purchasers.

2The ~~2022 RSA~~ commitment fee rates are based on the percentage of the maximum borrowing capacity utilized.

3As identified within the ~~2022~~2023 RSA, the lender can trigger an amendment by identifying and deciding upon a replacement index for SOFR.

Availability under the ~~2022~~2023 RSA is calculated as follows:

June 30, 2023

December 31, 2022

March 31, 2024

(In thousands)

March 31, 2024

December 31, 2023

(In thousands)

Borrowing base, based on eligible receivables

381,000

456,400

Less: outstanding borrowings 1

(339,000)

(419,000)

Less: outstanding letters of credit

Availability under accounts receivable securitization facilities

42,000

37,400

1Outstanding borrowings are included in "Accounts receivable securitization" in the condensed consolidated balance sheets and are offset by deferred loan costs of $0.4 million and $0.5 million as of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively. Interest accrued on the aggregate principal balance at a rate of ~~6.1%~~6.3% and ~~5.1%~~6.3% as of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

Refer to Note 12 for information regarding the fair value of the ~~2022~~2023 RSA.

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Note 6 — Debt and Financing

Other than the Company's accounts receivable securitization as discussed in Note 5, the Company's long-term debt consisted of the following:


		June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
		(In thousands)
	March 31, 2024					March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)						(In thousands)
2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 3, 2024, net 1 2	2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 3, 2024, net 1 2	199,828		199,755
2021 Term Loan A-3, due September 3, 2026, net 1 2	2021 Term Loan A-3, due September 3, 2026, net 1 2	798,882		798,705
2023 Term Loan, due September 3, 2026, net 1 3	2023 Term Loan, due September 3, 2026, net 1 3	249,002		—
Revenue equipment installment notes 1 4
Prudential Notes, net 1	Prudential Notes, net 1	28,206		35,960
Other	Other	2,009		3,042
Total long-term debt, including current portion	Total long-term debt, including current portion	1,277,927		1,037,462
Less: current portion of long-term debt	Less: current portion of long-term debt	(12,723)		(12,794)
Long-term debt, less current portion	Long-term debt, less current portion	$	1,265,204	$	1,024,668


		June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
		(In thousands)
	March 31, 2024					March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
	(In thousands)						(In thousands)
Total long-term debt, including current portion	Total long-term debt, including current portion	$	1,277,927	$	1,037,462
2021 Revolver, due September 3, 2026 1 4		210,000		43,000
2021 Revolver, due September 3, 2026 1 5
Long-term debt, including revolving line of credit	Long-term debt, including revolving line of credit	$	1,487,927	$	1,080,462

1Refer to Note 12 for information regarding the fair value of debt.

2As of ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024, the carrying amounts of the 2021 Term Loan A-2 and 2021 Term Loan A-3 were net of $0.1 million and $0.9 million in deferred loan costs, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying amounts of the 2021 Term Loan A-2 and 2021 Term Loan A-3 were net of ~~$0.2~~$0.1 million and ~~$1.1 million in deferred loan costs, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, the carrying amounts of the 2021 Term Loan A-2 and 2021 Term Loan A-3 were net of $0.2 million and $1.3~~$0.9 million in deferred loan costs, respectively.

3As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the carrying amount of the 2023 Term Loan was net of ~~$1.0~~$0.8 million in deferred loan costs. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying amounts of the 2023 Term Loan was net of $0.9 million in deferred loan costs.

4The revenue equipment installment loans were assumed at the close of the U.S. Xpress Acquisition and have a weighted average interest rate of 5.83% and 4.70% as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

5The Company also had outstanding letters of credit of ~~$11.3 million and $15.8~~$18.0 million under the 2021 Revolver, primarily related to workers' compensation and self-insurance liabilities ~~at June 30, 2023~~for both March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022, respectively.~~2023. The Company also had outstanding letters of credit of ~~$245.8~~$264.5 million and ~~$173.1~~$264.3 million under a separate bilateral agreement which do not impact the availability of the 2021 Revolver as of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, respectively.

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Credit Agreements

2021 Debt Agreement — On September 3, 2021, the Company entered into the $2.3 billion 2021 Debt Agreement (an unsecured credit facility) with a group of banks, replacing the Company's prior debt agreements. The 2021 Debt Agreement included the 2021 Term Loan A-1 which was paid off on December 3, 2022. The following table presents the key terms of the 2021 Debt Agreement:

2021 Term Loan A-2

2021 Term Loan A-3

2021 Revolver 2

2021 Debt Agreement Terms

(Dollars in thousands)

Maximum borrowing capacity

$200,000

$800,000

$1,100,000

Final maturity date

September 3, 2024

September 3, 2026

Interest rate margin reference rate

BSBY

Interest rate minimum margin 1

0.75%

0.88%

Interest rate maximum margin 1

1.38%

1.50%

Minimum principal payment — amount

$—

$10,000

$—

Minimum principal payment — frequency

Once

Quarterly

Once

Minimum principal payment — commencement date

September 3, 2024

September 30, 2024

September 3, 2026

1The interest rate margin for the 2021 Term Loans and 2021 Revolver is based on the Company's consolidated leverage ratio. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, interest accrued at ~~5.98%~~6.50% on the 2021 Term Loan A-2, ~~6.11%~~6.62% on the 2021 Term Loan A-3, and ~~6.17%~~6.63% on the 2021 Revolver.

2The commitment fee for the unused portion of the 2021 Revolver is based on the Company's consolidated leverage ratio, and ranges from 0.1% to 0.2%. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, commitment fees on the unused portion of the 2021 Revolver accrued at ~~0.1%~~0.2% and outstanding letter of credit fees accrued at ~~1.0%~~1.3%.

Pursuant to the 2021 Debt Agreement, the 2021 Revolver and the 2021 Term Loans contain certain financial covenants with respect to a maximum net leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio. The 2021 Debt Agreement provides flexibility regarding the use of proceeds from asset sales, payment of dividends, stock repurchases, and equipment financing. In addition to the financial covenants, the 2021 Debt Agreement includes usual and customary events of default for a facility of this nature and provides that, upon the occurrence and continuation of an event of default, payment of all amounts payable under the 2021 Debt Agreement may be accelerated, and the lenders' commitments may be terminated. The 2021 Debt Agreement contains certain usual and customary restrictions and covenants relating to, among other things, dividends (which are restricted only if a default or event of default occurs and is continuing or would result therefrom), liens, affiliate transactions, and other indebtedness. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with the covenants under the 2021 Debt Agreement.

Borrowings under the 2021 Debt Agreement are made by Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc. and are guaranteed by certain of the Company's material domestic subsidiaries (other than its captive insurance subsidiaries, driving academy subsidiary, and bankruptcy-remote special purpose subsidiary).

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED~~

2023 Term Loan — On June 22, 2023, the Company entered into the $250.0 million 2023 Term Loan (an unsecured credit facility) with a group of banks. The 2023 Term Loan matures on September 3, 2026. There are no scheduled principal payments due until maturity. The 2023 Term Loan contains terms similar to the 2021 Debt Agreement. The proceeds received from the 2023 Term Loan were used to pay fees, commissions and expenses in connection with the Company's acquisition of U.S. Xpress. The interest rate applicable to the 2023 Term Loan is subject to a leverage-based grid and as of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 is equal to SOFR plus the 0.1% SOFR adjustment plus ~~1.375%~~1.50%. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, interest accrued at ~~6.58%~~6.82% on the 2023 Term Loan.

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

U.S. Xpress's Revenue Equipment Installment Notes —In connection with the U.S. Xpress Acquisition, the Company assumed revenue equipment installment notes with various lenders to finance tractors and trailers. Payments are due in monthly installments with final maturities at various dates through March 15, 2028, and the notes are secured by related revenue equipment with a net book value of $212.1 million as of March 31, 2024. Payment terms generally range from 36 months to 84 months. The interest rates as of March 31, 2024 range from 2.0% to 7.0%.

~~ACT's~~2021 Prudential Notes — The 2021 Prudential Notes ~~allow~~ previously allowed ACT to borrow up to ~~$125.0~~$125 million, less amounts currently outstanding with Prudential Capital Group, provided that certain financial ratios are maintained. The 2021 Prudential Notes have interest rates ranging ~~fro~~mfrom 4.05% to 4.40% andand various maturity dates ranging from ~~October 2023~~January 2025 through January 2028. The 2021 Prudential Notes are unsecured and contain usual and customary restrictions on, among other things, the ability to make certain payments to stockholders, similar to the provisions of the Company's 2021 Debt Agreement. As of ~~June 30, 2023, ACT had $98.2 million available for issuance~~March 31, 2024, the Company was in compliance with the covenants under the ~~agreement.~~2021 Prudential Notes.

Fair Value Measurement — See Note 12 for fair value disclosures regarding the Company's debt instruments.

Note 7 — Defined Benefit Pension Plan

Net periodic pension income and benefits paid during the ~~quarters~~quarter ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ were immaterial.

Assumptions

A weighted-average discount rate of ~~4.86%~~5.03% was used to determine benefit obligations as of ~~June 30, 2023.~~March 31, 2024.

The following weighted-average assumptions were used to determine net periodic pension cost:


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023		2022			2023		2022
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
						2024										2024	2023
Discount rate	Discount rate	4.65	%	3.38	%		4.76	%	2.89	%	Discount rate	4.73	%	4.92	%
Expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets	Expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets	6.00	%	6.00	%		6.00	%	6.00	%	Expected long-term rate of return on pension plan assets	6.00	%	6.00	%

Refer to Note 12 for additional information regarding fair value measurements of the Company's investments.

Note 8 — Purchase Commitments

As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding commitments to purchase revenue equipment of ~~$533.2~~$505.3 million in the remainder of ~~2023~~2024 ($~~351.4~~440.1 million of which were tractor commitments), and none thereafter. These purchases may be financed through any combination of finance leases, operating leases, debt, proceeds from sales of existing equipment, and cash flows from operations.

As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company had outstanding commitments to purchase facilities and non-revenue equipment of ~~$47.4~~$102.1 million in the remainder of ~~2023, $15.9~~2024, $12.3 million from ~~2024~~2025 through ~~2025, $1.0~~2026, $0.2 million from ~~2026~~2027 through ~~2027,~~2028, and none thereafter. Factors such as costs and opportunities for future terminal expansions may change the amount of such expenditures.

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Note 9 — Contingencies and Legal Proceedings

Legal Proceedings

The Company is party to certain legal proceedings incidental to its business. The majority of these claims relate to bodily injury, property damage, cargo and workers' compensation incurred in the transportation of freight, as well as certain class action litigation related to personnel and employment matters. We record a liability when we believe that it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.

~~Information~~Based on our present knowledge of the facts and, in certain cases, advice of outside counsel, management believes the resolution of open claims and pending litigation, taking into account existing reserves, is ~~provided below regarding the nature, status, and contingent loss amounts, if~~not likely to have a materially adverse impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. However, any ~~associated with pending legal matters that may be material to the Company.~~future claims or adverse developments in existing claims could impact this analysis. There are inherent uncertainties in these legal matters, some of which are beyond management's control, making the ultimate outcomes difficult to predict. Moreover, management's views and estimates related to these matters may change in the future, as new events and circumstances arise and the matters continue to develop. Cash flows or results of operations could be materially affected in any particular period by the resolution of one or more of these contingencies.

The Company has made accruals with respect to its legal matters where appropriate, as well as legal fees which are included in "Accrued liabilities" in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company has recorded an aggregate accrual of approximately ~~$11.0~~$6.8 million, relating to the Company's outstanding legal proceedings as of ~~June 30, 2023.~~March 31, 2024.

Commutation of Third-Party Carrier Insurance Risk

On February 14, 2024, the Company finalized the terms of a transaction with the insurer under the third-party reinsurance agreement covering auto liability associated with the Company's third-party carrier insurance business. The agreement effectively transferred $161.1 million in third-party auto liability insurance claim liabilities to the insurer for policy periods from October 1, 2020 through March 31, 2023 funded by transferring the corresponding restricted cash held in trust for payment of the third-party insurance claims.

~~EMPLOYEE COMPENSATION AND PAY PRACTICES MATTERS~~

~~California Wage, Meal, and Rest Class Actions~~

The plaintiffs generally allege one or more of the following: that the Company 1) failed to pay the California minimum wage; 2) failed to provide proper meal and rest periods; 3) failed to timely pay wages upon separation from employment; 4) failed to pay for all hours worked; 5) failed to pay overtime; 6) failed to properly reimburse work-related expenses; and 7) failed to provide accurate wage statements.

~~Plaintiff(s)~~

~~Defendant(s)~~

~~Date instituted~~

~~Court or agency currently pending in~~

~~John Burnell~~ 1

~~Swift Transportation Co., Inc~~

~~March 22, 2010~~

~~United States District Court for the Central District of California~~

~~James R. Rudsell~~ 1

~~Swift Transportation Co. of Arizona, LLC and Swift Transportation Company~~

~~April 5, 2012~~

~~United States District Court for the Central District of California~~

~~Recent Developments and Current Status~~

In April 2019, the parties reached settlement of this matter. In January 2020, the court granted final approval of the settlement. Two objectors appealed the court’s decision granting final approval of the settlement. The likelihood that a loss has been incurred is probable and estimable, and the loss has accordingly been accrued as of June 30, 2023. The Company paid this settlement on July 10, 2023.

~~1 Individually and on behalf of all others similarly situated.~~

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED~~

Note 10 — Share Repurchase Plans

OnIn April ~~25,~~ 2022, the Company announced that the Board approved the repurchase of up to $350.0 million of the Company's outstanding common stock (the "2022 Knight-Swift Share Repurchase Plan"). With the adoption of the 2022 Knight-Swift Share Repurchase Plan, the Company terminated the 2020 Knight-Swift Share Repurchase Plan, which had approximately $42.8 million of authorized purchases remaining upon termination.

The Company made no share repurchases during the quarter ~~and year-to-date periods~~ ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023.$0no

~~The following table presents the Company's repurchases of its common stock during 2022 under the respective share repurchase plans, excluding advisory fees:~~

Share Repurchase Plan Quarter-to-Date June 30, 2022 Year-to-Date June 30, 2022
Board Approval Date Authorized Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount
(shares and dollars in thousands)
November 24, 2020 $250,000 98 $ 5,101 2,821 $ 149,982
April 19, 2022 1
$350,000 3,180 $ 149,959 3,180 $ 149,959
3,278 $ 155,060 6,001 $ 299,941

~~1 $200.0 million remained available under~~Under the 2022 Knight-Swift Repurchase Plan, $200.0 million remained available as of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Note 11 — Weighted Average Shares Outstanding

Earnings per share, basic and diluted, as presented in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, are calculated by dividing net income attributable to Knight-Swift by the respective weighted average common shares outstanding during the period.

The following table reconciles basic weighted average shares outstanding to diluted weighted average shares outstanding:


			Quarter Ended March 31,
			Quarter Ended March 31,
			Quarter Ended March 31,
		Quarter-to-Date June 30,			Year-to-Date June 30,		2024	2023
		2023	2022		2023	2022
		(In thousands)
				(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	Basic weighted average common shares outstanding	161,116	162,365		161,018	163,863
Dilutive effect of equity awards	Dilutive effect of equity awards	824	801		899	938
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding	161,940	163,166		161,917	164,801
Anti-dilutive shares excluded from earnings per diluted share 1	Anti-dilutive shares excluded from earnings per diluted share 1	110	575		61	341

1 Shares were excluded from the dilutive-effect calculation because the outstanding awards' exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the Company's common stock for the periods presented.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED~~

Note 12 — Fair Value Measurement

The following table presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company's major categories of financial assets and liabilities:


													March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets Caption											Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets Caption		Carrying Value	Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
			(In thousands)															(In thousands)
Financial Assets:

Equity method investments

Equity method investments

Equity method investments

				June 30, 2023				December 31, 2022
		Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets Caption		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value
Financial Liabilities:
				(In thousands)
Financial Assets:
Equity method investments		Other long-term assets		$	90,095	$	90,095	$	103,517	$	103,517
Investments in equity securities		Other long-term assets		3,054		3,054		1,668		1,668
Convertible note		Other current assets		11,936		11,936		11,341		11,341

Financial Liabilities:	Financial Liabilities:

Financial Liabilities:
2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 2024 1
2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 2024 1
2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 2024 1	2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 2024 1	Long-term debt – less current portion		199,828		200,000		199,755		200,000
2021 Term Loan A-3, due September 2026 1	2021 Term Loan A-3, due September 2026 1	Long-term debt – less current portion		798,882		800,000		798,705		800,000
2023 Term Loan, due September 2026 2	2023 Term Loan, due September 2026 2	Long-term debt – less current portion		249,002		250,000		—		—
2021 Revolver, due September 2026	2021 Revolver, due September 2026	Revolving line of credit		210,000		210,000		43,000		43,000
2021 Prudential Notes 3		Finance lease liabilities and long-term debt – current portion, Long-term debt – less current portion		28,206		28,242		35,960		36,014
2022 RSA, due October 2025 4		Accounts receivable securitization		338,641		339,000		418,561		419,000
Contingent consideration		Accrued liabilities, Other long-term liabilities		1,717		1,717		4,217		4,217
Revenue equipment installment notes 3
2021 Prudential Notes 4

2023 RSA, due October 2025 5
2023 RSA, due October 2025 5
2023 RSA, due October 2025 5
Mandatorily redeemable contingent consideration 6
Contingent consideration 6

1As of ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024, the carrying amounts of the 2021 Term Loan A-2 and 2021 Term Loan A-3 were net of $0.1 million and $0.9 million in deferred loan costs, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying amounts of the 2021 Term Loan A-2 and 2021 Term Loan A-3 werenet of ~~$0.2~~$0.1 million and ~~$1.1 million in deferred loan costs, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, the carrying amounts of the 2021 Term Loan A-2 and 2021 Term Loan A-3 werenet of $0.2 million and $1.3~~$0.9 million in deferred loan costs, respectively.

2~~As of June 30, 2023, the carrying amount of the 2023 Term Loan was net of $1.0 million in deferred loan costs.~~

3~~As of June 30, 2023, the carrying amount of the 2021 Prudential Notes was~~ ~~net of approximately~~ ~~$36,000 in deferred loan costs and included~~ ~~$1.4 millionin fair value adjustments. As of December 31, 2022, the carrying amount of the 2021 Prudential Notes was~~ ~~net of~~ ~~$0.1 million in deferred loan costs~~ ~~and included~~ ~~$1.7 million~~ ~~in fair value adjustments.~~

4~~The carrying amount of the 2022 RSA~~ ~~was net of~~ ~~$0.4 million in deferred loan costs as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.~~

~~Recurring Fair Value Measurements (Assets)~~ — ~~The following table depicts the level in the fair value hierarchy of the inputs used to estimate the fair value of assets measured on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:~~

Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
Estimated Fair Value Level 1 Inputs Level 2 Inputs Level 3 Inputs Unrealized Gain (Loss) Position
(In thousands)
As of June 30, 2023
Convertible notes 1
$ 11,936 $ — $ — $ 11,936 $ 1,936
Investments in equity securities 2
3,054 3,054 — — (49,532)
As of December 31, 2022
Convertible notes 1
$ 11,341 $ — $ — $ 11,341 $ 1,341
Investments in equity securities 2
1,668 1,668 — — (50,918)

1918

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

12~~Convertible~~As of March 31, 2024, the carrying amount of the 2023 Term Loan was net of $0.8 million in deferred loan costs. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying amount of the 2023 Term Loan was net of $0.9 million in deferred loan costs.

3As of March 31, 2024, the carrying amount of the revenue equipment installment notes — ~~The condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income include the~~ included $1.1 million in fair value ~~activities from~~adjustments. As of December 31, 2023, the ~~Company's convertible~~carrying amount of the revenue equipment installment notes ~~within "Other income (expenses), net". The estimated~~included $1.3 million in fair value ~~is based on probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis~~adjustments.

4As of March 31, 2024, the carrying amount of the ~~corresponding pay-off/redemption.~~2021 Prudential Notes was net of approximately $19,000 in deferred loan costs and included $1.0 million in fair value adjustments. As of December 31, 2023, the carrying amount of the 2021 Prudential Notes was net of $22,000 in deferred loan costs and included $1.1 million in fair value adjustments.

•~~Quarter-to-date Gain (Loss) Activities:~~ 5The ~~Company recognized unrealized gains~~carrying amount of ~~$0.3~~the 2023 RSA was net of $0.4 million ~~during the quarters ended June 30,~~and $0.5 million in deferred loan costs as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, ~~and 2022.~~respectively.

•~~Year-to-date Gain (Loss) Activities:~~ 6The ~~Company recognized unrealized gains of $0.6 million during~~contingent consideration is primarily related to the ~~year-to-date periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.~~U.S. Xpress Acquisition.

2~~Investments in equity securities~~Recurring Fair Value Measurements (Assets) — ~~The condensed consolidated statements~~As of ~~comprehensive income include the~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no major categories of assets estimated at fair value ~~activities from the Company's investments in equity securities within "Other income (expenses), net". The estimated fair value is based~~that were measured on ~~quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly obtainable.~~

•~~Quarter-to-date Gain (Loss) Activities:~~ During the quarter ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized unrealized gains of $0.1 million from the Company's various investments in equity securities. During the quarter ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized a loss of $30.7 million, which consisted of $35.1 million in unrealized losses, primarily from mark-to-market adjustments of the Company's equity investment in Embark. This was partially offset by $4.4 million in realized gains from the Company's other investments in equity securities.

•~~Year-to-date Gain (Loss) Activities:~~ During the year-to-date period ended June 30, 2023, the Company recognized unrealized gains of $1.4 million from the Company's various investments in equity securities. During the year-to-date period ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized a loss of $51.5 million, which consisted of $55.9 million, primarily from mark-to-market adjustments of the Company's investment in Embark. This was partially offset by $4.4 million realized gains from the Company's other investments in equity securities.recurring basis.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements (Liabilities) — The following table depicts the level in the fair value hierarchy of the inputs used to estimate the fair value of liabilities measured on a recurring basis as of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022:~~2023:


				Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Gain (Loss)
		(In thousands)
As of June 30, 2023
		Estimated Fair Value
		Estimated Fair Value
		Estimated Fair Value										Level 1 Inputs	Level 2 Inputs	Level 3 Inputs		Total Gain (Loss)
	(In thousands)														(In thousands)
As of March 31, 2024
Mandatorily redeemable contingent consideration 1
Mandatorily redeemable contingent consideration 1
Mandatorily redeemable contingent consideration 1
Contingent consideration 1	Contingent consideration 1	$	1,717	$	—	$	—	$	1,717	$	2,500
As of December 31, 2022
As of December 31, 2023
Mandatorily redeemable contingent consideration 1
Mandatorily redeemable contingent consideration 1
Mandatorily redeemable contingent consideration 1
Contingent consideration 1	Contingent consideration 1	$	4,217	$	—	$	—	$	4,217	$	—

1Contingent consideration is associated with ~~acquisitions~~the U.S. Xpress Acquisition and certain other investments. The Company ~~recognized a gain of $2.5 million during the quarter and year-to-date periods ended June 30, 2023 and~~ did not recognize any gains (losses) in the ~~quarter~~quarters ended March 31, 2024 and ~~year-to-date periods ended June 30, 2022~~2023 related to the revaluation ~~of these liabilities. Refer to Note 3 for information regarding material components~~ of these liabilities.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements (Assets) — ~~As of June 30, 2023, the Company had no major categories of assets estimated at fair value that were measured on a nonrecurring basis.~~

The following table depicts the level in the fair value hierarchy of the inputs used to estimate fair value of assets measured on a nonrecurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022:~~2023:


			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
	Estimated Fair Value		Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs		Total Loss
	(In thousands)



As of ~~December~~March 31, ~~2022~~2024
Buildings 1	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(288)
Equipment 2	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(3,694)

As of December 31, 2023
Buildings 1	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(187)

Equipment 2	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(469)
Software 3	$	~~(810)~~—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(1,580)

1 Reflects the non-cash impairment of building improvements (within the ~~non-reportable segments)~~Truckload segment and the All Other Segments).

2019

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

2 Reflects the non-cash impairment of certain revenue equipment held for sale (within the Truckload segment and the All Other Segments).

3 Reflects the non-cash impairment of software (within the All Other Segments).

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements (Liabilities) — As of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company had no major categories of liabilities estimated at fair value that were measured on a nonrecurring basis.

Gain on Sale of Revenue Equipment — Net gains on disposals, including disposals of property and equipment classified as assets held for sale, are reported in "Miscellaneous operating expenses" in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive ~~income. The Company recorded net gains on disposals of:~~

•~~$14.3~~income, were $6.7 million and ~~$23.0~~$20.9 million for the ~~quarters~~quarter ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022, respectively.~~

•~~$35.2 million and $57.8 million for the year-to-date periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022,~~ respectively.

Fair Value of Pension Plan Assets — The following table sets forth by level the fair value hierarchy of ACT's pension plan financial assets accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis. Assets are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ACT's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of fair value assets and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels.


				Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:											Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
	Estimated Fair Value										Estimated Fair Value	Level 1 Inputs	Level 2 Inputs	Level 3 Inputs
	(In thousands)												(In thousands)
As of March 31, 2024

					Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using:
Fixed income funds
		Estimated Fair Value			Level 1 Inputs		Level 2 Inputs		Level 3 Inputs
		(In thousands)
As of June 30, 2023
US equity funds		$	7,469		$	7,469	$	—	$	—
International equity funds		3,680			3,680		—		—
Fixed income funds

Fixed income funds	Fixed income funds	42,824			42,824		—		—
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	576			576		—		—
Total pension plan assets	Total pension plan assets	$	54,549		$	54,549	$	—	$	—

As of December 31, 2022
US equity funds		$	10,901		$	10,901	$	—	$	—
International equity funds		4,828			4,828		—		—
As of December 31, 2023
As of December 31, 2023
As of December 31, 2023

Fixed income funds

Fixed income funds

Fixed income funds	Fixed income funds	34,728			34,728		—		—
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	2,078			2,078		—		—
Total pension plan assets	Total pension plan assets	$	52,535		$	52,535	$	—	$	—

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED~~

Note 13 — Related Party Transactions


				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
						2024														2024	2023
											Provided by Knight-Swift											Provided by Knight-Swift	Received by Knight-Swift	Provided by Knight-Swift	Received by Knight-Swift
											(In thousands)													(In thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,										Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023					2022					2023				2022
		Provided by Knight-Swift		Received by Knight-Swift			Provided by Knight-Swift		Received by Knight-Swift			Provided by Knight-Swift		Received by Knight-Swift		Provided by Knight-Swift		Received by Knight-Swift
		(In thousands)

Facility and Equipment Leases

Facility and Equipment Leases

Facility and Equipment Leases	Facility and Equipment Leases	$	—	$	21		$	—	$	108		$	—	$	46	$	—	$	186

Other Services	Other Services	$	—	$	259		$	33	$	9		$	27	$	393	$	38	$	18

Other Services

Other Services

June 30, 2023 December 31, 2022
Receivable Payable Receivable Payable
(In thousands)
Certain affiliates 1
$ — $ 53 $ 24 $ 39


	March 31, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Receivable		Payable		Receivable		Payable
	(In thousands)



Certain affiliates 1	$	—	$	186	$	23	$	37

1"Certain affiliates" includes entities that are associated with various board members and executives and require approval by the Audit Committee of the Board prior to completing transactions. Transactions with these entities generally include facility and equipment leases, equipment sales, and other services.

~~Note 14 — Financial Information by Segment and Geography~~

~~Segment Information~~

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Revenue: (In thousands)
Truckload $ 953,659 $ 1,188,809 $ 1,965,904 $ 2,269,340
LTL 267,105 283,847 522,409 538,972
Logistics 119,943 248,662 258,226 530,701
Intermodal 104,327 132,871 214,899 242,093
Subtotal $ 1,445,034 $ 1,854,189 $ 2,961,438 $ 3,581,106
Non-reportable segments 130,110 128,112 272,096 245,751
Intersegment eliminations (22,165) (21,170) (43,623) (38,737)
Total revenue $ 1,552,979 $ 1,961,131 $ 3,189,911 $ 3,788,120

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Operating income (loss): (In thousands)
Truckload $ 67,911 $ 206,296 $ 183,810 $ 411,413
LTL 30,238 43,767 56,820 70,144
Logistics 9,566 43,749 22,386 83,350
Intermodal (6,632) 14,172 (1,530) 29,342
Subtotal $ 101,083 $ 307,984 $ 261,486 $ 594,249
Non-reportable segments (7,053) 17,794 (22,669) 29,615
Operating income $ 94,030 $ 325,778 $ 238,817 $ 623,864

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) — CONTINUED

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment: (In thousands)
Truckload $ 116,430 $ 112,719 $ 233,232 $ 223,068
LTL 16,820 15,321 33,008 30,581
Logistics 987 546 2,030 1,142
Intermodal 4,777 4,236 9,209 8,100
Subtotal $ 139,014 $ 132,822 $ 277,479 $ 262,891
Non-reportable segments 17,367 14,660 34,868 29,635
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment $ 156,381 $ 147,482 $ 312,347 $ 292,526

Note 14 — Financial Information by Segment and Geography

Segment Information


	Quarter Ended March 31,
		2024		2023
Revenue:		(In thousands)
Truckload		$	1,263,015	$	1,012,245
LTL		282,122		255,304
Logistics		126,729		138,283
Intermodal		87,985		110,572
Subtotal		$	1,759,851	$	1,516,404
All Other Segments		85,079		141,986
Intersegment eliminations		(22,463)		(21,458)
Total revenue		$	1,822,467	$	1,636,932


	Quarter Ended March 31,
		2024		2023
Operating income (loss):		(In thousands)
Truckload		$	23,147	$	115,899
LTL		20,287		26,582
Logistics		2,473		12,820
Intermodal		(4,908)		5,102
Subtotal		$	40,999	$	160,403
All Other Segments 1		(20,444)		(15,616)
Operating income		$	20,555	$	144,787


	Quarter Ended March 31,
		2024		2023
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment:		(In thousands)
Truckload		$	139,993	$	116,802
LTL		18,099		16,188
Logistics		951		1,043
Intermodal		5,456		4,432
Subtotal		$	164,499	$	138,465
All Other Segments		17,366		17,501
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment		$	181,865	$	155,966

1The $20.4 million operating loss within our All Other Segments is primarily driven by the $19.5 million operating loss in the third-party insurance business.

Geographical Information

In the aggregate, total revenue from the Company's international operations was less than 5.0% of consolidated total revenue for the ~~quarter~~quarters ended March 31, 2024 and ~~year-to-date periods ended June 30, 2023 and 2022.~~2023. Additionally, long-lived assets on the Company's international subsidiary balance sheets were less than 5.0% of consolidated total assets as of ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024 and December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

2321

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


ITEM 2.			MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report contains certain statements that may be considered "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act") and Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. All statements, other than statements of historical or current fact, are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements, including without limitation:

•any projections of or guidance regarding earnings, earnings per share, revenues, cash flows, dividends, capital expenditures, or other financial items,

•any statement of plans, strategies, and objectives of management for future operations,

•any statements concerning proposed acquisition plans, new services, or developments,

•any statements regarding future economic conditions or performance, and

•any statements of belief and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing.

In this Quarterly Report, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements we make concerning:

•our ability to gain market share and adapt to market conditions, the ability of our infrastructure to support future growth, future market position, and the ability, desire, and effects of expanding our service offerings (including expansion of our LTL network), whether we grow organically or through potential acquisitions,

•our ability to recruit and retain qualified driving associates,

•future safety performance,

•future performance of our segments or businesses,

•future capital expenditures, equipment prices (including used equipment) and availability, our equipment purchasing or leasing plans, ~~(including containers in our Intermodal segment),~~ and mix of our owned versus leased revenue equipment, and our equipment turnover,

•the impact of pending legal proceedings,

•future insurance claims, coverage, coverage limits, premiums, and retention limits, including exposure through our Iron Insurance line of business,

•the expected freight environment, including freight demand, capacity, seasonality, and volumes,

•economic conditions and growth, including future inflation, consumer spending, supply chain conditions, labor supply and relations, and US Gross Domestic Product ("GDP") changes,

•expected liquidity and methods for achieving sufficient liquidity, including our expected need or desire to incur indebtedness and our ability to comply with debt covenants,

•future fuel prices and availability and the expected impact of fuel efficiency initiatives,

•future expenses, including depreciation and ~~amortizations,~~amortization, purchased transportation, impairments, interest rates, cost structure, and our ability to control costs,

•future rates, operating profitability and margin, asset utilization, and return on capital,

•future third-party service provider relationships and availability, including pricing terms,

•future contracted pay rates with independent contractors, ability to lease equipment to independent contractors, and compensation arrangements with driving associates,

•future capital allocation, capital structure, capital requirements, and growth strategies and opportunities,

•future share repurchases and dividends,

•future tax rates,

•expected tractor and trailer fleet age, fleet size, and demand for trailer fleet,

•future investment in and deployment of new or updated technology or services,

2422

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

•future classification of our independent contractors, including the impact of new laws and regulations regarding classification,

•political conditions and regulations, including conflicts, trade regulation, quotas, duties, or tariffs, and any future changes to the foregoing,

•~~future purchased transportation expense,~~

•the U.S. Xpress transaction, including integration efforts and any future effects of the acquisition, and

•others.

Such statements may be identified by their use of terms or phrases such as "believe," "may," "could," "will," "would," "should," "expects," "estimates," "designed," "likely," "foresee," "goals," "seek," "target," "forecast," "projects," "anticipates," "plans," "intends," "hopes," "strategy," "potential," "objective," "mission," "continue," "outlook," "feel," and similar terms and phrases. Forward-looking statements are based on currently available operating, financial, and competitive information. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties, some of which cannot be predicted or quantified, which could cause future events and actual results to materially differ from those set forth in, contemplated by, or underlying the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part ~~II, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of our Quarterly Report for the quarter period ended March 31, 2023, Part~~ I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our ~~2022~~2023 Annual Report, and various disclosures in our press releases, stockholder reports, and other filings with the SEC.

All such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to publicly release any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statements contained herein, to reflect any change in our expectations with regard thereto, or any change in the events, conditions, or circumstances on which any such statement is based.


Reference to Glossary of Terms

Certain acronyms and terms used throughout this Quarterly Report are specific to our company, commonly used in our industry, or are otherwise frequently used throughout our document. Definitions for these acronyms and terms are provided in the "Glossary of Terms," available in the front of this document.


Reference to Annual Report

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements (unaudited) and footnotes included in this Quarterly Report, as well as the consolidated financial statements and footnotes included in our ~~2022~~2023 Annual Report.

2523

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


Executive Summary

Company Overview

Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc. is one of North America's largest and most diversified freight transportation companies, providing multiple full truckload, LTL, intermodal, and other complementary services. Our objective is to operate our business with industry-leading margins and continued organic growth and growth through acquisitions while providing safe, high-quality, cost-effective solutions for our customers. Knight-Swift uses a nationwide network of business units and terminals in the US and Mexico to serve customers throughout North America. In addition to operating the country's largest truckload fleet, Knight-Swift also contracts with third-party equipment providers to provide a broad range of transportation services to our customers while creating quality driving jobs for our driving associates and successful business opportunities for independent contractors. Our four reportable segments are Truckload, LTL, Logistics, and Intermodal. Additionally, we have various non-reportable segments.

Key Financial Highlights — ~~First Half of 2023~~Year-to-Date March 31, 2024

Consolidated operating income decreased ~~61.7%~~85.8% to ~~$238.8~~$20.6 million induring the ~~first half of 2023,~~quarter ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same period last year. Net income attributable to Knight-Swift decreased ~~60.8%~~102.5% to ~~$167.6 million.~~a $2.6 million net loss.

•Truckload — ~~90.7%~~98.2% operating ratio during the ~~first half of 2023.~~quarter ended March 31, 2024. The Adjusted Operating Ratio1 was ~~89.1%~~97.3%, with ~~an 11.8%~~a 26.3% year-over-year ~~decrease~~increase in revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions, ~~driven~~as a result of the inclusion of the truckload business of U.S. Xpress. Adjusted Operating Ratio worsened by ~~a 3.0% decrease in miles per tractor and an 11.8% decrease~~1,070 basis points year-over-year primarily due to the 10.2% decline in revenue per ~~tractor.~~loaded mile, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions, and the 2.7% increase in cost per mile largely as a result of weather disruptions in the current quarter.

•LTL — ~~89.1%~~92.8% operating ratio during the ~~first half of 2023.~~quarter ended March 31, 2024. The Adjusted Operating Ratio1 ~~was 85.4%, a 320~~increased 430 basis point ~~increase~~ year-over-year to 90.0%, as a result of ~~softer~~weather disruptions on volumes ~~higher wages,~~ and operating costs, and incremental maintenance and labor costs as we expand. We opened seven new locations during the ~~decline in fuel surcharge revenue year-over-year.~~quarter as we continue to grow our network.

•Logistics — ~~91.3%~~98.0% operating ratio during the ~~first half of 2023.~~quarter ended March 31, 2024. The Adjusted Operating Ratio1 was ~~90.9%~~97.1% with a gross margin of 16.8% while revenue, excluding intersegment transactions, declined 7.3%, ~~while load~~including the U.S. Xpress logistics business. Load count decreased ~~29.2%.~~10.1% due to the weather disruptions as well as our decision to divert loads to the Truckload segment to offset the loss of contractual volumes in recent bids.

•Intermodal — ~~100.7%~~105.6% operating ratio during the ~~first half of 2023, with a~~ ~~16.3%~~ ~~decrease in average~~quarter ended March 31, 2024, as load count declined 1.6% and revenue per load ~~partially offset by an increase~~declined 19.1% year-over-year, partly due to less project revenue in ~~load count of 6.1% year-over-year.~~the current period.

•~~Non-reportable~~All Other Segments — ~~Revenue grew 10.7% year-over-year, though operating income fell~~Operating loss increased to ~~a loss of $22.7~~$20.4 million ~~driven by a $37.8~~in the current quarter including the $19.5 million operating loss ~~(or $0.18 per diluted share) in~~of our third-party insurance business ~~primarily~~ as ~~a result~~well as $8.2 million of ~~increased frequency~~severance, legal accruals, and ~~unfavorable claim development during~~impairment charges. The third-party insurance business has ceased all operations as of the end of the first ~~half of the year and premium collection issues associated with small carriers.~~

•~~Acquisition of U.S. Xpress —~~ Having closed on July 1, 2023, our synergy teams of leaders from Knight, Swift, and U.S. Xpress are now fully engaged in sharing information, best practices, and further defining opportunities for improvement, and action plans to execute on those opportunities are well under way. We expect to apply a similar approach to integration as we used successfully in the Knight-Swift merger, using cross-functional teams composed of leaders from Knight, Swift, and U.S. Xpress, and we remain encouraged given the positive outcome of the Knight-Swift merger and certain similarities in this transaction.quarter.

•Liquidity and Capital — During the ~~year-to-date period~~quarter ended ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we generated ~~$722.2~~$37.3 million in operating cash ~~flows and~~flows. Free Cash Flow1 for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 was a deficit of ~~$303.1 million.~~$104.0 million, largely driven by our decision to transfer $161.1 million of third-party insurance claims liabilities to another insurance company, which was funded by transferring the corresponding restricted cash held in trust for payment of third-party insurance claims. The use of restricted cash in this transaction does not impact the availability of operating cash for the needs of our ongoing business. We paid down ~~$29.3~~$20.5 million in finance lease liabilities ~~$22.2~~and $54.3 million in operating lease ~~liabilities, and $123.0~~liabilities. We obtained financing of $62.0 million from net borrowings on our ~~revolving credit facilities prior to obtaining financing of $250.0 million under the~~2021 Revolver and 2023 ~~Term Loan and $210.0 million from our revolving credit facilities to fund the $444.7 million set aside for escrow associated with the closing of the U.S. Xpress acquisition.~~RSA. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we had a balance of ~~$229.0~~$204.8 million in unrestricted cash and cash equivalents, $1.3 billion face value outstanding on the 2021 Term Loans and 2023 Term Loan, and $7.1 billion of stockholders' equity. We do not foresee material liquidity constraints or any issues with our ongoing ~~ability to meet our debt covenants. See discussion under "Liquidity and Capital Resources" for additional information.~~

~~________~~

1~~Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.~~

2624

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

ability to meet our debt covenants. See discussion under "Liquidity and Capital Resources" for additional information.

________

1Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.

Key Financial Data and Operating Metrics




		Quarter-to-Date June 30,						Year-to-Date June 30,							Quarter Ended March 31,
		2023			2022			2023			2022					2024		2023
GAAP financial data:	GAAP financial data:	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)												GAAP financial data:		(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	1,552,979		$	1,961,131		$	3,189,911		$	3,788,120
Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	$	1,390,448		$	1,694,531		$	2,840,741		$	3,342,409
Net income attributable to Knight-Swift	Net income attributable to Knight-Swift	$	63,326		$	219,492		$	167,610		$	427,829
Earnings per diluted share	Earnings per diluted share	$	0.39		$	1.35		$	1.04		$	2.60
Operating ratio	Operating ratio	93.9		%	83.4		%	92.5		%	83.5		%	Operating ratio		98.9	%	91.2	%

Non-GAAP financial data:	Non-GAAP financial data:
Non-GAAP financial data:
Non-GAAP financial data:
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift 1
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift 1
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift 1	Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift 1	$	78,618		$	230,189		$	197,109		$	455,052
Adjusted EPS 1	Adjusted EPS 1	$	0.49		$	1.41		$	1.22		$	2.76
Adjusted Operating Ratio 1	Adjusted Operating Ratio 1	91.8		%	79.9		%	90.2		%	80.3		%	Adjusted Operating Ratio 1		96.8	%	88.7	%

Revenue equipment statistics by segment:	Revenue equipment statistics by segment:
Revenue equipment statistics by segment:
Revenue equipment statistics by segment:
Truckload	Truckload
Truckload
Truckload
Average tractors 2
Average tractors 2
Average tractors 2	Average tractors 2	17,851			18,055			18,002			18,010
Average trailers 3	Average trailers 3	79,911			73,010			79,700			72,111
LTL	LTL
Average tractors 4	Average tractors 4	3,163			3,129			3,163			3,110
Average tractors 4
Average tractors 4
Average trailers 5	Average trailers 5	8,452			8,402			8,419			8,352
Intermodal	Intermodal
Average tractors	Average tractors	656			623			631			603
Average tractors
Average tractors
Average containers	Average containers	12,842			11,491			12,835			11,259

1Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift, Adjusted EPS, and Adjusted Operating Ratio are non-GAAP financial measures and should not be considered alternatives, or superior to, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. However, management believes that presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures provides useful information to investors regarding the Company's results of operations. Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift, Adjusted EPS, and Adjusted Operating Ratio are reconciled to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures under "Non-GAAP Financial Measures," below.

2Our tractor fleet within the Truckload segment had a weighted average age of 2.6 years and 2.7 years as of ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively.

3Our average trailers includes ~~8,377~~8,769 and ~~6,014~~8,988 trailers related to leasing activities recorded within our non-reportable segments for the ~~quarters~~quarter ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively~~. respectively. Our trailer fleet within the Truckload segment had a weighted average age of ~~10.0~~8.4 years and ~~8.6~~10.2 years as of ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively~~.

~~Our average trailers includes 8,683 and 6,783 trailers related to leasing activities recorded within our non-reportable segments for the year-to-date period June 30, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively~~. respectively.

4Our LTL tractor fleet had a weighted average age of ~~4.2~~4.3 years and ~~4.6~~4.2 years as of ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and~~ ~~2022,~~ respectively. Our LTL tractor fleet includes ~~604~~ 611 and ~~700~~619 tractors from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the quarters ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022, respectively. Our LTL tractor fleet~~ ~~includes~~ ~~611 and 698 tractors from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the year-to-date period June 30, 2023~~ ~~and 2022, respectively.~~

5~~Our LTL trailer fleet had a weighted average age of~~ ~~8.4 years~~ ~~and 8.0 years as of~~ ~~June 30, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively. Our LTL trailer fleet~~ ~~includes~~ ~~778 and 962 trailers from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the quarters ended June 30, 2023~~ ~~and 2022, respectively. Our LTL trailer fleet~~ ~~includes~~ ~~778 and 935 trailers from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the year-to-date period June 30, 2023~~ ~~and 2022~~, respectively.

2725

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

5Our LTL trailer fleet had a weighted average age of 8.6 years and 8.3 years as of March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Our LTL trailer fleet includes 821 and 778 trailers from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Market Trends and Outlook

The national unemployment rate was ~~3.6%~~3.8%1 as of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, as compared to ~~3.6%~~13.5% as of ~~June 30, 2022.~~March 31, 2023. The US gross domestic product, which is the broadest measure of goods and services produced across the economy, increased by ~~2.4%~~1.6%2 on a ~~year-over-year~~quarter-over-quarter basis, per preliminary third-party forecasts. The increase, compared to the ~~2022 decrease~~fourth quarter increase of ~~0.9%~~3.4%, primarily reflected increases in consumer spending ~~nonresidential fixed~~and housing investment ~~state and local government spending, private inventory investment, and federal government spending~~ that were partly offset by ~~decreases~~a decrease in ~~exports and residential fixed~~inventory investment. Early estimates of the ~~second~~first quarter ~~2023~~2024 US employment cost index indicate a ~~year-over-year~~quarter-over-quarter increase of ~~4.5%~~4.2%1 and a sequential increase of ~~1.0%~~1.2%1.

~~The freight market~~Our Company outlook for the ~~remainder~~second and third quarters of ~~2023~~2024 includes the following:

•~~Continued softness~~Truckload Segment revenue up slightly sequentially in ~~freight demand through~~the second quarter and again into the third quarter with ~~modest seasonal uplift~~slight sequential improvements in ~~the fourth quarter;~~

•~~Non-contract rates improve modestly after bottoming~~operating margins resulting in mid-90’s operating ratios, including U.S. Xpress breakeven operating results through the second quarter ~~but remain below contract rates through~~and high-90’s Adjusted Operating Ratio in the third quarter, ~~while contract rate declines slow sequentially;~~

•~~Capacity continues to exit at an accelerating rate;~~

•~~Expect trailer pool service, which facilitates preloaded trailer pick-ups and/or drop trailer deliveries, to continue to be a differentiator when demand recovers;~~

•~~LTL demand under modest pressure but remains more stable than truckload;~~

•~~LTL year-over-year improvement in revenue, excluding fuel surcharge per hundredweight;~~

•~~Cost per mile stabilizes on a year-over-year basis in the back half of the year;~~

•~~Equipment availability continues to improve;~~

•~~Demand for used tractors weakens as small carriers struggle; and~~

•~~Labor alternatives in the general economy remain attractive, providing a headwind to hiring and utilization until freight conditions improve.~~

~~Based on the above market factors, our Company outlook for the remainder of 2023 includes the following:~~

~~Legacy Knight-Swift business~~

•~~Truckload rates continue to be pressured, with a year-over-year decrease in overall revenue per mile of high single to low double digits for the full year;~~

•Truckload tractor count down modestly ~~with~~sequentially into the second quarter before stabilizing for the third quarter,

•Truckload miles per tractor ~~improving on a~~increasing high-single digit percent year-over-year ~~basis~~ in the second ~~half of~~quarter and low-single digit percent year-over-year in the ~~year;~~third quarter as the prior year comparisons begin to include U.S. Xpress,

•LTL revenue growth of 12-15% year-over-year as shipment count in the second and third quarters improves mid-to-high single digit percent year-over-year and revenue per hundredweight, excluding fuel surcharge, ~~increases modestly~~improves low-to-mid-teens percent year-over-year with ~~relatively stable margin profile and typical seasonality;~~an operating ratio in line with 2023 results,

•Logistics volume up low single digit percent year-over-year in the second quarter and ~~revenue per load remains under pressure into~~down mid-teens percent year-over-year in the third quarter ~~before improving sequentially~~as the prior year comparisons begin to include U.S. Xpress, with operating ratios in the ~~fourth quarter, with an operating ratio of approximately 90% for the year;~~mid-90’s,

•Intermodal volumes flat year-over-year in the second quarter before improving high-single digit percent year-over-year in the third quarter, and operating ~~ratio roughly~~ratios near breakeven, ~~for the full year with volumes up year over year; and~~

•~~Non-reportable~~All Other segments ~~to have modest revenue growth~~operating income of approximately $10-15 million for the ~~year~~second and ~~operating income in~~third quarters before including the ~~second half roughly in line on a year-over-year basis as insurance losses are expected to moderate.~~$11.7 million intangible asset amortization,

~~Combined Knight-Swift and U.S. Xpress~~

•Equipment gains to be in the range of $5 million to $10 million ~~to $15 million quarterly;~~per quarter,

•~~Expect approximately $20 million increase in~~Net interest expense up modestly sequentially in the second ~~half of 2023 as compared to the first half, reflecting approximately $800 million additional debt from U.S. Xpress acquisition~~quarter and ~~assuming the Federal Reserve rate hiking cycle is nearly complete;~~stable into third quarter,

•Net cash capital expenditures for the full year ~~2023~~2024 expected range of ~~$700~~$625 million ~~– $750~~- $675 million, ~~which has been updated from $640 million to $690 million to include anticipated expenditures for U.S. Xpress; and~~

•Expected tax rate of approximately 25% to 26% for the ~~full year 2023.~~year.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED~~

In addition to the above, we expect the Truckload segment will continue to ~~operate efficiently~~pursue opportunities, as we implement a decentralized operating model within our new U.S. Xpress locations, and the Logistics segment will continue to provide value to our customers through our power-only and traditional brokerage service offerings. Our ACT and MME teams are working together to further build out a super-regional network that we expect will provide additional yield and revenue opportunities. As of the fourth quarter of 2022, ACT and MME are on the same platform. We experienced some challenges in the integration, but believe the material challenges were addressed during the first quarter of 2023. The Intermodal segment continues to build out its network that aligns with our new rail ~~partners.~~partners as we pursue a more diversified portfolio of customers. Our ~~non-reportable segments~~All Other Segments are further expanding to complement our other service ~~offerings even as we work to improve the underwriting profitability~~offerings.

Table of ~~our insurance program as well as reduce our exposure to small carrier risk in the current market.~~ContentsGlossary of Terms

We anticipate that rent expense as a percentage of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge, will increase over the remainder of 2023 as we incorporate equipment from U.S. Xpress's lease portfolio into our fleet. KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

We anticipate that depreciation and amortization expense will increase, as a percentage of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge, as we intend to purchase, rather than enter into operating leases, for a majority of our revenue equipment, terminal improvements, or terminal expansions ~~in the remainder of 2023.~~during 2024. With significant tightening in the insurance markets, we may also experience changes in premiums, retention limits, and excess coverage limits in the remainder of ~~2023.~~2024. While fuel expense is generally offset by fuel surcharge revenue, our fuel expense, net of truckload and LTL fuel surcharge revenue, may increase in the future, particularly during periods of sharply rising fuel prices. In periods of declining prices the opposite is true. Overall, we remain committed to long-term profitability as we continue to leverage opportunities across the Knight-Swift brands, and efficiently deploy our assets, while maintaining a relentless focus on cost control. This includes seeking acquisition opportunities to improve earnings, gain customers, and reach more professional drivers, as illustrated by the acquisition of U.S. Xpress and our intention to expand the geographic footprint of our LTL network.

________

1Source: bls.gov

2Source: bea.gov


Results of Operations — Summary

Note: The reported results do not include U.S. Xpress's operating results prior to its acquisition by the Company on July 1, 2023, in accordance with the accounting treatment applicable to the transaction. Accordingly, comparisons between the Company's year-to-date March 31, 2024 results and prior periods may not be meaningful.

Operating Results: First Quarter 2024 Compared to First Quarter 2023

The $106.9 million decrease in net income attributable to Knight-Swift to a $2.6 million net loss during the first quarter of 2024 from $104.3 million during the same period last year includes the following:

•Contributor — $92.8 million decrease in operating income within our Truckload segment primarily due to the 10.2% decline in revenue per loaded mile, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions, and the 2.7% increase in cost per mile largely as a result of weather disruptions in the current quarter.

•Contributor — $10.3 million decrease in operating income within our Logistics segment due to 10.1% decline in load count as a result of weather disruptions as well as our decision to divert loads to the Truckload segment to offset the loss of contractual volumes in recent bids.

•Contributor — $10.0 million decrease in operating income within our Intermodal segment, driven by a 19.1% decrease in revenue per load and a 1.6% decrease in load count.

•Contributor —$6.3 million decrease in operating income within our LTL segment primarily due to the impact of weather disruptions on volumes and operating costs, and incremental maintenance and labor costs as we expand our network. This was partially offset by a 6.1% increase in shipments per day and a 13.3 % increase in revenue per hundredweight excluding fuel surcharge.

•Contributor — $4.8 million increase in operating loss within the All Other Segments, primarily due to a $19.5 million operating loss of our third-party insurance business as well as $8.2 million of severance, legal accrual, and impairment charges.

•Contributor —$18.1 million increase in consolidated interest expense primarily driven by higher debt balances related to the U.S. Xpress Acquisition and higher interest rates.

•Offset—$36.4 million decrease in consolidated income tax expense, primarily due to a reduction of pre-tax income. Our effective tax rate for the first quarter of 2024 was 55.1%, compared to 24.0% for the first quarter of 2023.

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


~~Results of Operations — Summary~~

~~Operating Results: Second Quarter 2023 Compared to Second Quarter 2022~~

~~The $156.2 million decrease in net income attributable to Knight-Swift to $63.3 million during the second quarter of 2023 from $219.5 million during the same period last year includes the following:~~

•~~Contributor —~~ $138.4 million decrease in operating income within our Truckload segment. Quarter-over-quarter miles per tractor decreased 3.3% during the second quarter of 2023, and revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions declined by 15.5%.

•~~Contributor —~~ ~~$34.2 million decrease in operating income within our Logistics segment due to 35.0% decline in load count.~~

•~~Contributor —~~ ~~$20.8 million decrease in operating income within our Intermodal segment, driven by a 24.5% decrease in revenue per load, partially offset by a 4.0% increase in load count.~~

•~~Contributor —~~ ~~$24.8 million decrease in operating income within the non-reportable segments, primarily due to a $15.0 million operating loss from our Iron Insurance line of business.~~

•~~Contributor —$13.5 million decrease in operating income within our LTL segment partly due to a 3.9% decrease in shipments per day.~~

•~~Contributor —$15.0 million increase in consolidated interest expense primarily driven by higher interest rates.~~

•~~Offset —~~$35.3 million increase in "Other income (expenses), net," primarily driven by an unrealized loss on our investment in Embark recorded in the second quarter of 2022 and a net gain recorded within our portfolio of investments during the second quarter of 2023.

•~~Offset~~—$50.1 million decrease in consolidated income tax expense, primarily due to a reduction of pre-tax income. This resulted in an effective tax rate of 25.9% for the second quarter of 2023, and 24.7% for the second quarter of 2022.

~~Operating Results: First Half 2023 Compared to First Half 2022~~

~~The $260.2 million decrease in net income attributable to Knight-Swift to $167.6 million during the first half of 2023 from $427.8 million during the same period last year includes the following:~~

•~~Contributor —~~ $227.6 million decrease in operating income within our Truckload segment. Miles per tractor decreased 3.0% during the first half of 2023, and revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions declined by 11.8%.

•~~Contributor —~~ ~~$61.0 million decrease in operating income within our Logistics segment due to a 29.2% decline in load count.~~

•~~Contributor —~~ ~~$30.9 million decrease in operating income within our Intermodal segment, driven by a 16.3% decrease in revenue per load.~~

•~~Contributor —~~ ~~$52.3 million decrease in operating income within the non-reportable segments, primarily due to a $37.8 million operating loss from our Iron Insurance line of business.~~

•~~Contributor —$31.4 million increase in consolidated interest expense primarily driven by higher interest rates.~~

•~~Contributor —$13.3 million decrease in operating income within our LTL segment partly due to a 4.7% decrease in shipments per day.~~

•~~Offset —~~$59.4 million increase in "Other income (expenses), net," primarily driven by an unrealized loss on our investment in Embark recorded in the first half of 2022 and a net gain recorded within our portfolio of investments during the first half of 2023.

•~~Offset~~—$86.6 million decrease in consolidated income tax expense was primarily due to a reduction of pre-tax income. This resulted in an effective tax rate of 24.7% for the first half of 2023, and 24.8% for the first half of 2022.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED~~


Results of Operations — Segment Review

The Company has four reportable segments: Truckload, LTL, Logistics, and Intermodal, as well as certain ~~non-reportable segments.~~other operating segments included within our All Other Segments.

Consolidating Tables for Total Revenue and Operating Income (Loss)


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023		2022			2023		2022
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
						2024							2024	2023
Revenue:	Revenue:	(In thousands)									Revenue:	(In thousands)
Truckload	Truckload	$	953,659	$	1,188,809		$	1,965,904	$	2,269,340
LTL	LTL	267,105		283,847			522,409		538,972
Logistics	Logistics	119,943		248,662			258,226		530,701
Intermodal	Intermodal	104,327		132,871			214,899		242,093
Subtotal	Subtotal	$	1,445,034	$	1,854,189		$	2,961,438	$	3,581,106
Non-reportable segments		130,110		128,112			272,096		245,751
All Other Segments
Intersegment eliminations	Intersegment eliminations	(22,165)		(21,170)			(43,623)		(38,737)
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	1,552,979	$	1,961,131		$	3,189,911	$	3,788,120


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023		2022			2023		2022
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
						2024							2024	2023
Operating income (loss):	Operating income (loss):	(In thousands)									Operating income (loss):	(In thousands)
Truckload	Truckload	$	67,911	$	206,296		$	183,810	$	411,413
LTL	LTL	30,238		43,767			56,820		70,144
Logistics	Logistics	9,566		43,749			22,386		83,350
Intermodal	Intermodal	(6,632)		14,172			(1,530)		29,342
Subtotal	Subtotal	$	101,083	$	307,984		$	261,486	$	594,249
Non-reportable segments		(7,053)		17,794			(22,669)		29,615
All Other Segments
Operating income	Operating income	$	94,030	$	325,778		$	238,817	$	623,864

3128

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Revenue

•Our truckload services include irregular route and dedicated, refrigerated, expedited, flatbed, and cross-border transportation of various products, goods, and materials for our diverse customer base with approximately ~~13,500~~16,600 irregular route and ~~4,500~~6,700 dedicated tractors.

•Our LTL business, which was initially established in 2021 through the ACT acquisition and later the MME acquisition, provides our customers with regional LTL transportation service through our growing network of ~~approximately 100~~over 120 facilities and a door count of approximately ~~4,400.~~4,700. Our LTL segment operates approximately ~~3,200~~3,400 tractors and approximately ~~8,500~~8,700 trailers and also provides national coverage to our customers by utilizing partner carriers for areas outside of our direct network.

•Our Logistics and Intermodal segments provide a multitude of shipping solutions, including additional sources of truckload capacity and alternative transportation modes, by utilizing our vast network of third-party capacity providers and rail providers, as well as certain logistics and freight management services. We ~~continue to~~ offer power-only services through our Logistics segment leveraging our fleet of ~~over 80,000~~nearly 94,000 trailers.

•Our ~~non-reportable segments~~All Other Segments include support services provided to our customers and third-party carriers including insurance, equipment maintenance, equipment leasing, warehousing, trailer parts manufacturing, and warranty services. Our ~~non-reportable segments~~All Other Segments also include certain corporate expenses (such as legal settlements and accruals, certain impairments, and amortization of intangibles related to the 2017 Merger and various acquisitions).

•In addition to the revenues earned from our customers for the trucking and non-trucking services discussed above, we also earn fuel surcharge revenue from our customers through our fuel surcharge programs, which serve to recover a majority of our fuel costs. This generally applies only to loaded miles for our Truckload and LTL segments and typically does not offset non-paid empty miles, idle time, and out-of-route miles driven. Fuel surcharge programs involve a computation based on the change in national or regional fuel prices. These programs may update as often as weekly, but typically require a specified minimum change in fuel cost to prompt a change in fuel surcharge revenue. Therefore, many of these programs have a time lag between when fuel costs change and when the change is reflected in fuel surcharge revenue for our Truckload and LTL segments.

Expenses

Our most significant expenses typically vary with miles traveled and include fuel, driving associate-related expenses (such as wages and benefits), and services purchased from third-party service providers (including other trucking companies, railroad and drayage providers, and independent contractors). Maintenance and tire expenses, as well as the cost of insurance and claims generally vary with the miles we travel, but also have a controllable component based on safety performance, fleet age, operating efficiency, and other factors. Our primary fixed costs are depreciation and lease expense for revenue equipment and terminals, non-driver employee compensation, amortization of intangible assets, and interest expenses.

3229

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Operating Statistics

We measure our consolidated and segment results through the operating statistics listed in the table below. Our chief operating decision makers monitor the GAAP results of our reportable segments, supplemented by certain non-GAAP information. Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" for more details. Additionally, we use a number of primary indicators to monitor our revenue and expense performance and efficiency.

Operating Statistic

Relevant Segment(s)

Description

Average Revenue per Tractor

Truckload

Measures productivity and represents revenue (excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions) divided by average tractor count

Total Miles per Tractor

Truckload

Total miles (including loaded and empty miles) a tractor travels on average

Average Length of Haul

Truckload, LTL

For our Truckload segment this is calculated as average miles traveled with loaded trailer cargo per order.
For our LTL segment this is calculated as average miles traveled from the origin service center to the destination service center.

Non-paid Empty Miles Percentage

Truckload

Percentage of miles without trailer cargo

Shipments per Day

LTL

Average number of shipments completed each business day

Weight per Shipment

LTL

Total weight (in pounds) divided by total shipments

Revenue per shipment

LTL

Total revenue divided by total shipments

Revenue xFSC per shipment

LTL

Total revenue, excluding fuel surcharge, divided by total shipments

Revenue per hundredweight

LTL

Measures yield and is calculated as total revenue divided by total weight (in pounds) times 100

Revenue xFSC per hundredweight

LTL

Total revenue, excluding fuel surcharge, divided by total weight (in pounds) times 100

Average Tractors

Truckload, LTL, Intermodal

Average tractors in operation during the period including company tractors and tractors provided by independent contractors

Average Trailers

Truckload, LTL

Average trailers in operation during the period

Average Revenue per Load

Logistics, Intermodal

Total revenue (excluding intersegment transactions) divided by load count

Gross Margin Percentage

Logistics

Logistics gross margin (revenue, excluding intersegment transactions, less purchased transportation expense, excluding intersegment transactions) as a percentage of logistics revenue, excluding intersegment transactions

Average Containers

Intermodal

Average containers in operation during the period

GAAP Operating Ratio

Truckload,
LTL, Logistics, Intermodal

Measures operating efficiency and is widely used in our industry as an assessment of management's effectiveness in controlling all categories of operating expenses. Calculated as operating expenses as a percentage of total revenue, or the inverse of operating margin.

Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Ratio

Truckload,
LTL, Logistics, Intermodal

Measures operating efficiency and is widely used in our industry as an assessment of management's effectiveness in controlling all categories of operating expenses. Consolidated and segment Adjusted Operating Ratios are reconciled to their corresponding GAAP operating ratios under "Non-GAAP Financial Measures," below.

3330

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Segment Review

Truckload Segment

We generate revenue in the Truckload segment primarily through irregular route, dedicated, refrigerated, expedited, flatbed, and cross-border service operations across our brands. We operated approximately ~~13,500~~16,600 irregular route tractors and approximately ~~4,500~~6,700 dedicated route tractors in use during the quarter ended ~~June 30, 2023.~~March 31, 2024. Generally, we are paid a predetermined rate per mile or per load for our truckload services. Additional revenues are generated by charging for tractor and trailer detention, loading and unloading activities, dedicated services, and other specialized services, as well as through the collection of fuel surcharge revenue to mitigate the impact of increases in the cost of fuel. The main factors that affect the revenue generated by our Truckload segment are rate per mile from our customers, the percentage of miles for which we are compensated, and the number of loaded miles we generate with our equipment.

The most significant expenses in the Truckload segment are primarily variable and include fuel and fuel taxes, driving associate-related expenses (such as wages, benefits, training, and recruitment), and costs associated with independent contractors primarily included in "Purchased transportation" in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Maintenance expense (which includes costs for replacement tires for our revenue equipment) and insurance and claims expenses have both fixed and variable components. These expenses generally vary with the miles we travel, but also have a controllable component based on safety, fleet age, efficiency, and other factors. The main fixed costs in the Truckload segment are depreciation and rent expense from tractors, trailers, and terminals, as well as compensating our non-driver employees.


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																							Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands, except per tractor data)
									(Dollars in thousands, except per tractor data)
									(Dollars in thousands, except per tractor data)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Total revenue
		(Dollars in thousands, except per tractor data)													Increase (Decrease)

Total revenue

Total revenue	Total revenue	$	953,659		$	1,188,809			$	1,965,904		$	2,269,340		(19.8	%)	(13.4	%)		$	1,263,015			$		$	1,012,245				24.8					24.8	%
Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions	Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions	$	829,373		$	981,479			$	1,695,353		$	1,923,013		(15.5	%)	(11.8	%)	Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions			$	1,094,051		$			$	865,980			26.3					26.3		%
GAAP: Operating income	GAAP: Operating income	$	67,911		$	206,296			$	183,810		$	411,413		(67.1	%)	(55.3	%)	GAAP: Operating income			$	23,147		$			$	115,899			(80.0					(80.0		%)
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1	$	68,210		$	206,619			$	184,452		$	412,060		(67.0	%)	(55.2	%)	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1			$	29,114		$			$	116,242			(75.0					(75.0		%)
Average revenue per tractor 2	Average revenue per tractor 2	$	46,461		$	54,361			$	94,176		$	106,775		(14.5	%)	(11.8	%)	Average revenue per tractor 2			$	46,927		$			$	47,707			(1.6					(1.6		%)
GAAP: Operating ratio 2	GAAP: Operating ratio 2	92.9		%	82.6		%		90.7		%	81.9		%	1,030	bps	880	bps	GAAP: Operating ratio 2			98.2		%				88.6		%				960	bps
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2	91.8		%	78.9		%		89.1		%	78.6		%	1,290	bps	1,050	bps	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2			97.3		%				86.6		%				1,070	bps
Non-paid empty miles percentage 2	Non-paid empty miles percentage 2	15.2		%	14.6		%		15.1		%	14.4		%	60	bps	70	bps	Non-paid empty miles percentage 2			14.1		%				15.0		%				(90	bps)
Average length of haul (miles) 2	Average length of haul (miles) 2	385			392				388			393			(1.8	%)	(1.3	%)	Average length of haul (miles) 2			395			391				391				1.0					1.0		%
Total miles per tractor 2	Total miles per tractor 2	18,904			19,542				37,304			38,460			(3.3	%)	(3.0	%)	Total miles per tractor 2			19,894			18,405				18,405				8.1					8.1		%
Average tractors 2 3	Average tractors 2 3	17,851			18,055				18,002			18,010			(1.1	%)	—	%	Average tractors 2 3			23,314			18,152				18,152				28.4					28.4		%
Average trailers 2 4	Average trailers 2 4	79,911			73,010				79,700			72,111			9.5	%	10.5	%	Average trailers 2 4			94,410			79,490				79,490				18.8					18.8		%

1 Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.

2 Defined under "Operating Statistics," above.

3 Includes ~~15,995~~21,120 and ~~16,172 average company-owned tractors for the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectivel~~y.

~~Includes 16,128 and 16,165~~16,262 average company-owned tractors for the first ~~half~~quarter of 2024 and 2023, ~~and 2022, respectivel~~y.respectively.

4Our average trailers includes ~~8,377~~8,769 and ~~6,014~~8,988 trailers related to leasing activities recorded within our ~~non-reportable operating segments~~All Other Segments for the ~~quarters~~quarter ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023, ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively~~. ~~Our average trailers includes 8,683 and 6,783 trailers related to leasing activities recorded within our non-reportable operating segments for the year-to-date period June 30, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively~~. respectively.

3431

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The Truckload segment ~~experienced~~continues to experience an extremely difficult environment, operating with a ~~91.8%~~97.3% Adjusted Operating Ratio ~~as soft demand~~in a first quarter that saw a more challenging pricing environment than anticipated and ~~a slight uptick in driver turnover were headwinds~~greater than average weather disruption that led to reduced volumes and ~~utilization. Revenue~~higher operating costs. Excluding U.S. Xpress, the Adjusted Operating Ratio of the legacy truckload business worsened sequentially as a result of a 2.1% sequential decline in revenue per loaded mile excluding fuel surcharge (a 9.2% decline year-over-year), the headwinds on utilization and ~~intersegment transactions, declined 11.0% year-over-year as new rates continue to take effect throughout our portfolio~~operating costs from the weather disruptions in January, and ~~as pricing pressure intensified~~the loss of some contractual freight volumes early in the ~~softer~~bid season as we were not willing to make further concessions on what we view as unsustainable contractual rates. These volume ~~environment.~~losses negatively impacted our network and utilization, and they pushed more of our capacity into the spot market. This increased spot exposure caused the sequential decline in revenue per mile as our primary contractual revenue per mile was fairly stable throughout the quarter. If there continues to be downward pressure on contractual rates, there may be additional exposure to the volatility of the spot market.

Truckload segment miles per tractor increased 8.1% year-over-year (5.9% before including U.S. Xpress), largely driven by our earlier decision to reduce the number of unseated tractors in the legacy businesses in order to reduce cost. We have been intentionally trimming our capital equipment over the past few quarters in order to improve our cost structure through the downcycle, but without cutting so far as to sacrifice our ability to flex when the market improves. Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions, was ~~$829.4 million, a decrease~~$1.1 billion, an increase of ~~15.5% year-over-year. Miles~~26.3% year-over-year, reflecting an 11.4% decline in the legacy truckload business prior to the inclusion of U.S. Xpress. Excluding U.S. Xpress, revenue, excluding fuel surcharge, per tractor decreased ~~3.3%, and revenue per tractor decreased 14.5%~~3.6% year-over-year as the ~~improving revenue~~decline in rates outweighed the improvement in miles per tractor in our dedicated division was more than offset by declines in the over-the-road business. Cost per mile, net of fuel surcharge recovery, increased 2.7% year-over-year but was stable sequentially.

Co~~mparison Between Year-to-Date June 30, 2023 and 2022~~ — The Truckload segment operated with an 89.1% Adjusted Operating Ratio. Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions, was $1.7 billion, a decrease of 11.8% year-over-year. Miles per tractor decreased 3.0%, and revenue per tractor decreased 11.8% year-over-year as the improving revenue per tractor in our dedicated division was more than offset by declines in the over-the-road business. Cost per mile, net of fuel surcharge recovery, increased 3.2% year-over-year.

tractor.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED~~

LTL Segment

Dothan, Alabama-based ACT and Bismarck, North Dakota-based MME, both acquired in 2021, comprise our LTL segment. We provide regional direct service and serve our customers' national transportation needs by utilizing key partner carriers for coverage areas outside of our network. We primarily generate revenue by transporting freight for our customers through our core LTL services.

Our revenues are impacted by shipment volume and tonnage levels that flow through our network. Additional revenues are generated through fuel surcharges and accessorial services provided during transit from shipment origin to destination. We focus on the following multiple revenue generation factors when reviewing revenue yield: revenue per hundredweight, revenue per shipment, weight per shipment, and length of haul. Fluctuations within each of these metrics are analyzed when determining the revenue quality of our customers' shipment density.

Our most significant expense is related to direct costs associated with the transportation of our freight moves including direct salary, wage and benefit costs, fuel expense, and depreciation expense associated with revenue equipment costs. Other expenses associated with revenue generation that can fluctuate and impact operating results are insurance and claims expenses, as well as maintenance costs of our revenue equipment. These expenses can be influenced by multiple factors including our safety performance, equipment age, and other factors. A key component of lowering our operating costs is labor efficiency within our network. We continue to focus on technological advances to improve the customer experience and reduce our operating costs.

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30, QTD 2023 vs. YTD 2023 vs.
2023 2022 2023 2022 QTD 2022 YTD 2022
(Dollars in thousands, except per tractor data) Increase (Decrease)
Total revenue $ 267,105 $ 283,847 $ 522,409 $ 538,972 (5.9 %) (3.1 %)
Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions $ 228,578 $ 224,178 $ 442,507 $ 438,853 2.0 % 0.8 %
GAAP: Operating income $ 30,238 $ 43,767 $ 56,820 $ 70,144 (30.9 %) (19.0 %)
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1
$ 34,158 $ 47,762 $ 64,660 $ 78,084 (28.5 %) (17.2 %)
GAAP: Operating ratio 2
88.7 % 84.6 % 89.1 % 87.0 % 410 bps 210 bps
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2
85.1 % 78.7 % 85.4 % 82.2 % 640 bps 320 bps
LTL shipments per day 2
18,898 19,657 18,308 19,220 (3.9 %) (4.7 %)
LTL weight per shipment 2
1,058 1,068 1,059 1,083 (0.9 %) (2.2 %)
LTL average length of haul (miles) 2
545 522 540 522 4.4 % 3.4 %
LTL revenue per shipment 2
$ 187.92 $ 191.30 $ 188.59 $ 185.01 (1.8 %) 1.9 %
LTL revenue xFSC per shipment 2
$ 160.66 $ 151.64 $ 159.60 $ 151.18 5.9 % 5.6 %
LTL revenue per hundredweight 2
$ 17.77 $ 17.91 $ 17.80 $ 17.09 (0.8 %) 4.2 %
LTL revenue xFSC per hundredweight 2
$ 15.19 $ 14.20 $ 15.07 $ 13.97 7.0 % 7.9 %
LTL average tractors 2 3
3,163 3,129 3,163 3,110 1.1 % 1.7 %
LTL average trailers 2 4
8,452 8,402 8,419 8,352 0.6 % 0.8 %

1~~Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.~~

2~~Defined under "Operating Statistics," above.~~

3~~Our LTL tractor fleet~~ ~~includes~~ ~~604 and 700 tractors from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the second quarter of 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively. Our LTL tractor fleet~~ ~~includes~~ ~~611 and 698 tractors from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the year-to-date period June 30, 2023~~ ~~and~~ ~~2022, respectively.~~

4~~Our LTL trailer fleet~~ ~~includes~~ ~~778 and 962 trailers from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the second quarter of 2023~~ ~~and 2022, respectively. Our LTL trailer fleet~~ ~~includes~~ ~~778 and 935 trailers from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the year-to-date period June 30, 2023~~ ~~and 2022, respectively.~~

3632

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


	Quarter Ended March 31,							Increase (Decrease)
		2024			2023
		(Dollars in thousands, except per tractor data)



Total revenue		$	282,122		$	255,304			10.5	%
Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge		$	240,990		$	213,929			12.6	%
GAAP: Operating income		$	20,287		$	26,582			(23.7	%)
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1		$	24,207		$	30,502			(20.6	%)
GAAP: Operating ratio 2		92.8		%	89.6		%		320	bps
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2		90.0		%	85.7		%		430	bps

LTL shipments per day 2		18,800			17,717				6.1	%
LTL weight per shipment 2		1,007			1,061				(5.1	%)
LTL average length of haul (miles) 2		573			535				7.1	%
LTL revenue per shipment 2		$	199.84		$	189.31			5.6	%
LTL revenue xFSC per shipment 2		$	170.40		$	158.45			7.5	%
LTL revenue per hundredweight 2		$	19.84		$	17.84			11.2	%
LTL revenue xFSC per hundredweight 2		$	16.91		$	14.93			13.3	%
LTL average tractors 2 3		3,357			3,163				6.1	%
LTL average trailers 2 4		8,699			8,387				3.7	%

1Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.

2Defined under "Operating Statistics," above.

3Our LTL tractor fleet includes 611 and 619 tractors from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the first quarter of 2024 and 2023, respectively.

4Our LTL trailer fleet includes 821 and 778 trailers from ACT's and MME's dedicated and other businesses for the first quarter of 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — Our LTL segment ~~operated well, producing an 85.1%~~produced a 90.0% Adjusted Operating Ratio during the ~~second~~first quarter of ~~2023, which represents a slight improvement sequentially but a 640 basis point degradation from the second quarter of 2022~~2024, as ~~softer volumes, higher wages, and the decline in~~revenue, excluding fuel surcharge, ~~revenues over the past year have pressured the~~grew 12.6% while Adjusted Operating ~~Ratio. Shipments~~Income decreased 20.6% year-over-year. With our LTL activities concentrated in regions exposed to severe winter weather during the quarter, the disruption was particularly impactful to our network and operating costs for our LTL segment. In addition, maintenance and labor costs were higher than normal as we stretch to cover growing volumes and extend our reach into new facilities. We anticipate these costs should normalize as we scale volumes and staffing while growing revenue in new locations. After being significantly impacted by the weather disruptions in January, volumes recovered well as average shipments per day ~~decreased 3.9%~~increased 6.8% month-over-month in February and held steady into March, resulting in a 6.1% year-over-year ~~with softer demand.~~increase for the quarter. Revenue per hundredweight, ~~increased 7.0%~~ excluding fuel surcharge, increased 13.3%, while revenue per shipment, ~~increased by 5.9%,~~ excluding fuel surcharge, increased by 7.5%, reflecting a ~~0.9%~~5.1% decrease in weight per shipment.

During the quarter, we opened seven terminals that had been recently acquired from various parties. We expect ~~our connected LTL network and~~to open another 25 terminals by the ~~expanding use~~end of ~~shipment dimensioning technology~~2024. Overall, the 32 locations planned to open in 2024 will ~~provide additional opportunities for revenue growth. During the second quarter, we increased~~represent a 16% increase to our door count ~~by 50,~~from the end of 2023, meaningfully impacting the reach of our service offering and weincreasing the density of our network. We expect ~~door capacity~~these investments will bring opportunities to ~~continue to grow by an~~service additional ~~100 doors through the remainder of 2023.~~freight and customers. We remain encouraged by the strong performance within our LTL segment, and we continue to look for both organic and inorganic opportunities to geographically expand our footprint within the LTL market.

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date June 30, 2023 and 2022~~ — Our LTL segment produced an 85.4% Adjusted Operating Ratio during the first half of 2023, a 320 basis point degradation over the first half of 2022. Shipments per day decreased 4.7% with softer demand. Revenue per hundredweight increased 7.9% excluding fuel surcharge, while revenue per shipment increased by 5.6%, excluding fuel surcharge, reflecting a 2.2% decrease in weight per shipment.

3733

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Logistics Segment

The Logistics segment is less asset-intensive than the Truckload and LTL segments and is dependent upon capable non-driver employees, modern and effective information technology, and third-party capacity providers. Logistics revenue is generated by its brokerage operations. We generate additional revenue by offering specialized logistics solutions (including, but not limited to, trailing equipment, origin management, surge volume, disaster relief, special projects, and other ~~logistic~~logistics needs). Logistics revenue is mainly affected by the rates we obtain from customers, the freight volumes we ship through third-party capacity providers, and our ability to secure third-party capacity providers to transport customer freight.

The most significant expense in the Logistics segment is purchased transportation that we pay to third-party capacity providers, which is primarily a variable cost and is included in "Purchased transportation" in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Variability in this expense depends on truckload capacity, availability of third-party capacity providers, rates charged to customers, current freight demand, and customer shipping needs. Fixed Logistics operating expenses primarily include non-driver employee compensation and benefits recorded in "Salaries, wages, and benefits" and depreciation and amortization expense recorded in "Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment" in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																							Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)
									(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)
									(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Total revenue
		(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)													Increase (Decrease)

Total revenue

Total revenue	Total revenue	$	119,943		$	248,662			$	258,226		$	530,701		(51.8	%)	(51.3	%)		$	126,729			$		$	138,283				(8.4				(8.4	%)
Revenue, excluding intersegment transactions	Revenue, excluding intersegment transactions	$	117,782		$	247,319			$	254,559		$	527,490		(52.4	%)	(51.7	%)	Revenue, excluding intersegment transactions			$	126,729		$			$	136,777			(7.3				(7.3	%)
GAAP: Operating income	GAAP: Operating income	$	9,566		$	43,749			$	22,386		$	83,350		(78.1	%)	(73.1	%)	GAAP: Operating income			$	2,473		$			$	12,820			(80.7				(80.7	%)
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1 2	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1 2	$	9,900		$	44,083			$	23,054		$	84,018		(77.5	%)	(72.6	%)	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Income 1 2			$	3,637		$			$	13,154			(72.4				(72.4	%)
Revenue per load 2		$	1,652		$	2,257			$	1,685		$	2,471		(26.8	%)	(31.8	%)
Gross margin percentage 2		19.4		%	24.4		%		19.6		%	22.2		%	(500	bps)	(260	bps)
Revenue per load - Brokerage only 2																			Revenue per load - Brokerage only 2			$	1,751					$	1,715				2.1	%
Gross margin percentage - Brokerage only 2																			Gross margin percentage - Brokerage only 2			16.8		%				19.8		%			(300	bps)
GAAP: Operating ratio 2	GAAP: Operating ratio 2	92.0		%	82.4		%		91.3		%	84.3		%	960	bps	700	bps	GAAP: Operating ratio 2			98.0		%				90.7		%			730	bps
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2	91.6		%	82.2		%		90.9		%	84.1		%	940	bps	680	bps	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Operating Ratio 1 2			97.1		%				90.4		%			670	bps

1 Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" below.

2 Defined under "Operating Statistics," above.

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The Logistics segment Adjusted Operating Ratio was ~~91.6%~~97.1%, with a gross margin of ~~19.4%~~16.8% in the ~~second~~first quarter of ~~2023,~~2024, down from ~~24.4%~~19.8% in the ~~second~~first quarter of ~~2022~~2023. The first quarter was challenging for volumes, as ~~pressure on top-line pricing is no longer being~~the persistently weak demand environment was further pressured by weather disruptions and our decision to divert loads to our existing truckload businesses to partially offset ~~by corresponding reductions in purchased transportation costs. The brokerage space continues to endure soft demand, causing our~~their losses of contractual volumes through the bid activity as noted above. As a result, Logistics load count declined by 10.1% year-over-year. We remain disciplined on price, which allowed our Logistics businesses to ~~decline by 35.0% year-over-year, though our traditional brokerage volumes are seeing greater declines than our power-only service offering. The soft demand resulted in revenue~~maintain profitability but is a headwind to volumes. Revenue per load ~~decreasing~~increased by ~~26.8% year-over-year. W~~e2.1% year-over-year but declined by 5.2% from the prior quarter. We continue to leverage our ~~consolidated fleet of approximately 80,000 trailers as we~~power-only capabilities to complement our asset business, build ~~out~~a broader and more diversified freight portfolio, enhance the returns on our ~~power-only service. We continue to~~capital assets, and innovate with technology intended to remove friction and allow seamless connectivity, leading to services that we expect will capture new opportunities for revenue growth.

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date June 30, 2023 and 2022~~ — ~~The Logistics segment Adjusted Operating Ratio was 90.9%, with a~~ ~~gross margin of 19.6% in the first half of 2023, down slightly from 22.2% in the first half~~ ~~of 2022. The brokerage space continues to endure soft demand, causing our load count to decline by 29.2% and revenue per load to decrease by 31.8% during the first half of 2023 when compared to~~ ~~the first half~~ ~~of 2022.~~

3834

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Intermodal Segment

The Intermodal segment complements our regional operating model, allows us to better serve customers in longer haul lanes, and reduces our investment in fixed assets. Through the Intermodal segment, we generate revenue by moving freight over the rail in our containers and other trailing equipment, combined with revenue for drayage to transport loads between railheads and customer locations. The most significant expense in the Intermodal segment is the cost of purchased transportation that we pay to third-party capacity providers (including rail providers), which is primarily variable and included in "Purchased transportation" in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income. While rail pricing is determined on an annual basis, purchased transportation varies as it relates to rail capacity, freight demand, and customer shipping needs. The main fixed costs in the Intermodal segment are depreciation of our company tractors related to drayage, containers, and chassis, as well as non-driver employee compensation and benefits.


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
		(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)													Increase (Decrease)
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																						Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)
									(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)
									(Dollars in thousands, except per load data)

Total revenue	Total revenue	$	104,327		$	132,871			$	214,899		$	242,093		(21.5	%)	(11.2	%)
Revenue, excluding intersegment transactions		$	104,327		$	132,854			$	214,899		$	242,046		(21.5	%)	(11.2	%)
GAAP: Operating income		$	(6,632)		$	14,172			$	(1,530)		$	29,342		(146.8	%)	(105.2	%)

Total revenue

Total revenue																						$	87,985				$	110,572			(20.4	%)

GAAP: Operating (loss) income
GAAP: Operating (loss) income
GAAP: Operating (loss) income																						$	(4,908)				$	5,102			(196.2	%)

Average revenue per load 1
Average revenue per load 1
Average revenue per load 1	Average revenue per load 1	$	2,749		$	3,642			$	2,979		$	3,560		(24.5	%)	(16.3	%)		$	2,615			$	$	3,234				(19.1			(19.1	%)
GAAP: Operating ratio 1	GAAP: Operating ratio 1	106.4		%	89.3		%		100.7		%	87.9		%	1,710	bps	1,280	bps	GAAP: Operating ratio 1			105.6		%			95.4		%		1,020	bps

Load count	Load count	37,945			36,474				72,138			67,989			4.0	%	6.1	%
Average tractors 2		656			623				631			603			5.3	%	4.6	%
Average containers 2		12,842			11,491				12,835			11,259			11.8	%	14.0	%
Load count
Load count																						33,647					34,193				(1.6	%)
Average tractors 1 2																			Average tractors 1 2			609					607				0.3	%
Average containers 1																			Average containers 1			12,582					12,829				(1.9	%)

1 Defined under "Operating Statistics," above.

2 Includes ~~595~~552 and ~~558~~542 company-owned tractors for the ~~second~~first quarter of ~~2023~~2024 and ~~2022, respectively.~~

~~Includes 568 and 546 company-owned tractors for the year-to-date periods ended June 30,~~ 2023, ~~and 2022,~~ respectively.

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The Intermodal segment operated with a ~~106.4%~~105.6% operating ratio while total revenue decreased ~~21.5%~~20.4% year-over-year to ~~$104.3~~$88.0 million. ~~While load count increased year-over-year~~The drop in revenue was driven by ~~4.0%,~~a 19.1% decline in revenue per load, ~~declined 24.5%~~partly due to the inclusion of project revenue in the prior year period, and a 1.6% decline in load count as a result of soft demand and competitive truck ~~capacity,~~capacity. The sequential decline in our load count of 4.0% as compared to the fourth quarter of 2023 is better than the historical average decline between fourth quarter and ~~the winding down of a container leasing project. With improved rail pricing going into effect in the second half of the year, initiatives to reduce chassis costs,~~first quarter, and ~~volume support from new bid awards and improved rail service,~~ we ~~expect to improve the operating results of this segment moving forward. We~~ remain focused on growing our load count with disciplined pricing and improving the efficiency of our assets as Intermodal continues to provide value to our customers and is complementary to the many services we offer.

We expect to continue to grow with new customers and expand with existing customers. With our container fleet count now approximately ~~12,800,~~12,600, we do not expect to order additional containers until we achieve meaningful improvement in our turns per container. Our capex strategy is shifting to chassis moving forward as we work to better optimize our operation and reduce equipment costs. ~~We remain focused on growing our load count and improving the efficiency of our assets as Intermodal continues to provide value to our customers and is complementary to the many services we offer.~~

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date June 30, 2023 and 2022~~ — The Intermodal segment operated with a 100.7% operating ratio while revenue excluding intersegment transactions decreased 11.2% to $214.9 million. Load count increased year-over-year by 6.1%, reflecting continued load growth since transitioning western rail partners in January 2022.

3935

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

~~Non-reportable~~All Other Segments

Our ~~non-reportable segments~~All Other Segments include support services provided to our customers and third-party carriers including insurance, equipment maintenance, equipment leasing, warehousing, trailer parts manufacturing, and warranty services. Our ~~non-reportable segments~~All Other Segments also include certain corporate expenses (such as legal settlements and accruals, certain impairments, and ~~$12.0~~$11.7 million in quarterly amortization of intangibles related to the 2017 Merger and various acquisitions).


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,				QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023		2022			2023		2022		QTD 2022		YTD 2022
		(Dollars in thousands)									Increase (Decrease)
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,														Increase (Decrease)
						2024
							(Dollars in thousands)
							(Dollars in thousands)
							(Dollars in thousands)

Total revenue	Total revenue	$	130,110	$	128,112		$	272,096	$	245,751	1.6	%	10.7	%
Operating (loss) income		$	(7,053)	$	17,794		$	(22,669)	$	29,615	(139.6	%)	(176.5	%)

Total revenue

Total revenue																$	85,079	$	141,986	(40.1	%)
Operating loss															Operating loss	$	(20,444)	$	(15,616)	(30.9	%)

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 — Revenue ~~growth slowed to 1.6%~~declined 40.1% year-over-year, largely as a result of ~~our actions designed to address the recent challenges within~~winding down our third-party insurance program, ~~producing a $7.1~~which ceased operations at the end of the quarter. The $20.4 million operating loss within our ~~non-reportable segments. Our efforts to improve our Iron Insurance line of business reduced its operating loss~~All Other Segments is primarily driven by ~~$7.8 million since~~ the ~~first quarter to a $15.0~~$19.5 million operating loss (or $0.07 per diluted share) during the second quarter of 2023. We have made progress reducing the exposure basis of third party carrier risk, and we are applying more stringent underwriting criteria and higher premiums for any retained risk as policies come up for renewal. The current operating loss is primarily due to ongoing claims development and the time it takes to work higher premiums through the portfolio.

~~Revenue growth of 10.7% between the first half of 2023 and the first half of 2022 was offset by the challenges within~~in our third-party insurance ~~program, resulting in a $22.7 million operating loss within our non-reportable segments. Overall, our Iron Insurance line of~~ business, ~~produced a $37.8 million operating loss (or $0.18 per diluted share) during the first half of 2023, primarily due to increased frequency and unfavorable claim development~~ as well as $8.2 million of severance, legal accruals, and impairments. In order to further reduce risk of ongoing income statement volatility from potential adverse development of the claims accruals generated over the four-year existence of this business, we executed a transaction during the quarter to transfer the majority of the risk to another insurance ~~premium collection issues associated with small carriers who~~company. The costs of this transaction are ~~struggling given the soft freight market conditions.~~

~~As noted previously, it will take some time for this pivot to fully materialize~~included in the ~~results, but we expect sequential income growth and a positive contribution~~operating loss of the insurance business for the ~~non-reportable segments as a whole in the second half of the year, supported by continued revenue growth from the other activities within our non-reportable segments moving forward.~~quarter.

4036

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


Results of Operations — Consolidated Operating and Other Expenses

Consolidated Operating Expenses

The following tables present certain operating expenses from our condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income, including each operating expense as a percentage of total revenue and as a percentage of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge. Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge revenue can be volatile and is primarily dependent upon the cost of fuel, rather than operating expenses unrelated to fuel. Therefore, we believe that revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge is a better measure for analyzing many of our expenses and operating metrics.

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30, QTD 2023 vs. YTD 2023 vs.
2023 2022 2023 2022 QTD 2022 YTD 2022
(Dollars in thousands) Increase (Decrease)
Salaries, wages, and benefits $ 533,237 $ 549,956 $ 1,069,979 $ 1,086,012 (3.0 %) (1.5 %)
% of total revenue 34.3 % 28.0 % 33.5 % 28.7 % 630 bps 480 bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge 38.4 % 32.5 % 37.7 % 32.5 % 590 bps 520 bps
Note: The reported results do not include U.S. Xpress's operating results prior to its acquisition by the Company on July 1, 2023, in accordance with the accounting treatment applicable to the transaction. Accordingly, comparisons between the Company's year-to-date March 31, 2024 results and prior periods may not be meaningful.


	Quarter Ended March 31,							Increase (Decrease)
		2024			2023
		(Dollars in thousands)



Salaries, wages, and benefits		$	692,907		$	536,742			29.1	%
% of total revenue		38.0		%	32.8		%		520	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge		43.0		%	37.0		%		600	bps

Salaries, wages, and benefits expense is primarily affected by the total number of miles driven by and rates we pay to our company driving associates, and employee benefits including healthcare, workers' compensation, and other benefits. To a lesser extent, non-driver employee headcount, compensation, and benefits affect this expense. Driving associate wages represent the largest component of salaries, wages, and benefits expense.

Several ongoing market factors have reduced the pool of available driving associates, contributing to a challenging driver sourcing market, which we believe will continue. Having a sufficient number of qualified driving associates is a significant headwind, although we continue to seek ways to attract and retain qualified driving associates, including heavily investing in our recruiting efforts, our driving academies, technology, our equipment, and our terminals that improve the experience of driving associates. We expect labor costs (related to both driving associates and non-driver employees) to remain inflationary, which we expect will result in additional pay increases in the future, thereby increasing our salaries, wages, and benefits expense.

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — ~~Consolidated~~The $156.2 million increase in consolidated salaries, wages, and benefits decreased by $16.7 million for the second quarter of 2023, as compared to the second quarter of 2022. This decrease primarily pertained to a 4.2% decrease in miles driven by company driving associates as well as a decrease in non-driver salaries and wages.

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date~~ ~~June 30, 2023~~ ~~and 2022~~ — ~~Consolidated salaries, wages, and benefits decreased by $16.0 million~~ for the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2023,~~2024, as compared to the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2022. This decrease primarily pertained to a 3.3% decrease in miles driven by company driving associates as well as a decrease in non-driver salaries and wages.~~2023, includes $152.6 million from the results of U.S. Xpress.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED~~


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Fuel
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Fuel

Fuel	Fuel	$	168,300		$	257,146			$	356,059		$	447,635		(34.6	%)	(20.5	%)		$	234,589		$	$	187,759			24.9			24.9	%
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	10.8		%	13.1		%		11.2		%	11.8		%	(230	bps)	(60	bps)	% of total revenue			12.9	%			11.5	%		140	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	12.1		%	15.2		%		12.5		%	13.4		%	(310	bps)	(90	bps)	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			14.5	%			12.9	%		160	bps

Fuel expense consists primarily of diesel fuel expense for our company-owned tractors. The primary factors affecting our fuel expense are the cost of diesel fuel, the fuel economy of our equipment, and the miles driven by company driving associates.

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Our fuel surcharge programs help to offset increases in fuel prices, but generally apply only to loaded miles for our Truckload and LTL segments and typically do not offset non-paid empty miles, idle time, or out-of-route miles driven. Typical fuel surcharge programs involve a computation based on the change in national or regional fuel prices. These programs may update as often as weekly, but typically require a specified minimum change in fuel cost to prompt a change in fuel surcharge revenue for our Truckload and LTL segments. Therefore, many of these programs have a time lag between when fuel costs change and when the change is reflected in fuel surcharge revenue. Due to this time lag, our fuel expense, net of fuel surcharge, negatively impacts our operating income during periods of sharply rising fuel costs and positively impacts our operating income during periods of falling fuel costs. We continue to utilize our fuel efficiency initiatives such as trailer blades, idle-control, management of tractor speeds, fleet updates for more fuel-efficient engines, management of fuel procurement, and driving associate training programs that we believe contribute to controlling our fuel expense.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The ~~$88.8~~$46.8 million decrease in consolidated fuel expense for the second quarter is due to a decrease in total miles driven by company driving associates as well as lower average DOE fuel prices for the second quarter of 2023 as compared to the second quarter of 2022. Average DOE fuel prices were $3.94 per gallon for the second quarter of 2023 and $5.53 per gallon for the second quarter of 2022.

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date June 30, 2023 and 2022~~ — ~~The $91.6 million decrease~~increase in consolidated fuel expense for the first ~~half is due to a~~quarter includes $61.3 million from the results of U.S. Xpress. The increase was partially offset by the decrease in ~~total miles driven by company driving associates as well as lower~~the average weekly DOE fuel prices for the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2023~~2024 as compared to the ~~second~~first quarter of ~~2022.~~2023. Average weekly DOE fuel prices were ~~$4.16~~$3.96 per gallon for the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2023~~2024 and ~~$4.95~~$4.40 per gallon for the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2022.~~2023.


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Operations and maintenance
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Operations and maintenance

Operations and maintenance	Operations and maintenance	$	101,380		$	106,724			$	200,691		$	202,607		(5.0	%)	(0.9	%)		$	134,633		$	$	99,311			35.6			35.6	%
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	6.5		%	5.4		%		6.3		%	5.3		%	110	bps	100	bps	% of total revenue			7.4	%			6.1	%		130	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	7.3		%	6.3		%		7.1		%	6.1		%	100	bps	100	bps	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			8.3	%			6.8	%		150	bps

Operations and maintenance expense consists of direct operating expenses, such as driving associate hiring and recruiting expenses, equipment maintenance, and tire expense. Operations and maintenance expenses are typically affected by the age of our company-owned fleet of tractors and trailers and the miles driven. We expect the driver market to remain competitive throughout ~~2023,~~2024, which could increase future driving associate development and recruiting costs and negatively affect our operations and maintenance expense. We expect to ~~continue refreshing~~prudently decrease our idle tractor and trailer ~~fleet~~capacity, in the coming quarters, ~~subject~~ to ~~availability~~reduce operations and maintenance expense while remaining well positioned for potential market inflection.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 —Operations and maintenance expense increased $35.3 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024 as compared to the same period last year. The increase for the the quarter ended March 31, 2024 includes $35.0 million from the results of ~~new revenue equipment, to maintain the average age of our equipment.~~U.S. Xpress.

4238

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Operations and maintenance expense decreased $5.3 million for the second quarter of 2023 and $1.9 million for the first half of 2023 as compared to the same periods last year. The decrease was attributed to lower hiring and labor expense as well as lower road expense due to the decrease in total company miles discussed above. This was partially offset by higher maintenance expenses due to the reintegration of leased assets into our fleet.


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Insurance and claims
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Insurance and claims

Insurance and claims	Insurance and claims	$	137,306		$	102,084			$	275,345		$	200,276		34.5	%	37.5	%		$	122,446		$	$	138,039			(11.3			(11.3	%)
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	8.8		%	5.2		%		8.6		%	5.3		%	360	bps	330	bps	% of total revenue			6.7	%			8.4	%		(170	bps)
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	9.9		%	6.0		%		9.7		%	6.0		%	390	bps	370	bps	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			7.6	%			9.5	%		(190	bps)

Insurance and claims expense consists of premiums for liability, physical damage, and cargo, and will vary based upon the frequency and severity of claims, our level of self-insurance, and premium expense. In recent years, insurance carriers have raised premiums for many businesses, including transportation companies, and as a result, our insurance and claims expense could increase in the future, or we could raise our self-insured retention limits or reduce excess coverage limits when our policies are renewed or replaced. In addition, our Iron Insurance line of business offers insurance products to third-party carriers, earning additional premium revenues, which are partially offset by increased insurance reserves, but does increase our exposure to claims and inability to collect premiums. Insurance and claims expense also varies based on the number of miles driven by company driving associates and independent contractors, the frequency and severity of accidents, trends in development factors used in actuarial accruals, and developments in large, prior-year claims. In future periods, our higher self-insured retention limits and lower excess coverage limits, ~~and exposure through Iron Insurance~~ may cause increased volatility in our consolidated insurance and claims expense.

In the first quarter of 2024, we exited our third-party insurance business, which offered insurance products to third-party carriers, earning premium revenues, which were partially offset by increased insurance reserves, and which exposed us to claims and inability to collect premiums. We ceased operating this business in the first quarter of 2024, which we expect will result in some reduction of volatility as we will no longer be exposed to new claims from the third-party insurance business.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 —Consolidated insurance and claims expense ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$35.2~~$15.6 million for the ~~second~~ quarter ~~of 2023 and $75.1 million for the first half of 2023,~~ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same ~~periods~~period last year. The ~~increase was predominately due to increased frequency and unfavorable claim development during~~decrease for the ~~periods~~quarter ended March 31, 2024 includes a $51.4 million decrease within our ~~Iron Insurance line of~~third-party insurance business as ~~well as negative developments within our self-insured retention limits.~~a result of the Company exiting the third-party insurance business at the end of the quarter. This was partially offset by an increase of $25.9 million from the results of U.S. Xpress.


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Operating taxes and licenses
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Operating taxes and licenses

Operating taxes and licenses	Operating taxes and licenses	$	28,332		$	30,204			$	54,222		$	59,241		(6.2	%)	(8.5	%)		$	31,329		$	$	25,890			21.0			21.0	%
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	1.8		%	1.5		%		1.7		%	1.6		%	30	bps	10	bps	% of total revenue			1.7	%			1.6	%		10	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	2.0		%	1.8		%		1.9		%	1.8		%	20	bps	10	bps	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			1.9	%			1.8	%		10	bps

Operating taxes and licenses include state franchise taxes, state and federal highway use taxes, property taxes, vehicle license and registration fees, and fuel and mileage taxes, among others. The expense is impacted by changes in the tax rates and registration fees associated with our tractor fleet and regional operating facilities.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 —Operating taxes and licenses expenses ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$1.9~~$5.4 million for the ~~second~~ quarter ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same period last year. The change includes $4.0 million from the results of ~~2023 and $5.0 million for the first half of 2023 but~~U.S. Xpress. However, it remained relatively flat as a percentage of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge, as compared to the same ~~periods~~period last year.

4339

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Communications
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Communications

Communications	Communications	$	6,184		$	5,744			$	11,933		$	11,614		7.7	%	2.7	%		$	7,533		$	$	5,749			31.0			31.0	%
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	0.4		%	0.3		%		0.4		%	0.3		%	10	bps	10	bps	% of total revenue			0.4	%			0.4	%		—	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	0.4		%	0.3		%		0.4		%	0.3		%	10	bps	10	bps	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			0.5	%			0.4	%		10	bps

Communications expense is comprised of costs associated with our tractor and trailer tracking systems, information technology systems, and phone systems.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 —Communications expense increased ~~$0.4~~$1.8 million for the ~~second~~ quarter ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same period last year. The change includes $2.3 million from the results of ~~2023 and $0.3 million or the first half of 2023 but~~U.S. Xpress. However, it remained relatively flat as a percentage of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge, as compared to the same ~~periods~~period last year.


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment	Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment	$	156,381		$	147,482			$	312,347		$	292,526		6.0	%	6.8	%		$	181,865		$	$	155,966			16.6			16.6	%
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	10.1		%	7.5		%		9.8		%	7.7		%	260	bps	210	bps	% of total revenue			10.0	%			9.5	%		50	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	11.2		%	8.7		%		11.0		%	8.8		%	250	bps	220	bps	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			11.3	%			10.8	%		50	bps

Depreciation relates primarily to our owned tractors, trailers, buildings, electronic logging devices, other communication units, and other similar assets. Changes to this fixed cost are generally attributed to increases or decreases to company-owned equipment, the relative percentage of owned versus leased equipment, and fluctuations in new equipment purchase prices. Depreciation can also be affected by the cost of used equipment that we sell or trade and the replacement of older used equipment. Management periodically reviews the condition, average age, and reasonableness of estimated useful lives and salvage values of our equipment and considers such factors in light of our experience with similar assets, used equipment market conditions, and prevailing industry practices.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 —Consolidated depreciation and amortization of property and equipment increased by ~~$8.9~~$25.9 million for the ~~second~~ quarter ~~of 2023 and $19.8 million for the first half of 2023,~~ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same ~~periods~~period last year. ~~This~~The increase ~~was related~~includes $26.8 million from the results of U.S. Xpress, partially offset by a decrease in tractor depreciation due to ana decrease in tractor count (excluding U.S. Xpress).


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Amortization of intangibles
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Amortization of intangibles

Amortization of intangibles	Amortization of intangibles	$	16,505		$	16,215			$	32,688		$	32,381		1.8	%	0.9	%		$	18,543		$	$	16,183			14.6			14.6	%
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	1.1		%	0.8		%		1.0		%	0.9		%	30	bps	10	bps	% of total revenue			1.0	%			1.0	%		—	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	1.2		%	1.0		%		1.2		%	1.0		%	20	bps	20	bps	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			1.1	%			1.1	%		—	bps

Amortization of intangibles relates to intangible assets identified with the 2017 Merger, ~~and~~ACT Acquisition, U.S. Xpress Acquisition, various other acquisitions. See Note 3 in Part I, Item 1, of this Quarterly Report for more details regarding details of our acquisitions.

4440

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Rental expense
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Rental expense

Rental expense	Rental expense	$	16,073		$	13,492			$	31,141		$	26,893		19.1	%	15.8	%		$	42,996		$	$	15,068			185.3			185.3	%
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	1.0		%	0.7		%		1.0		%	0.7		%	30	bps	30	bps	% of total revenue			2.4	%			0.9	%		150	bps
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	1.2		%	0.8		%		1.1		%	0.8		%	40	bps	30	bps	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			2.7	%			1.0	%		170	bps

Rental expense consists primarily of payments for revenue equipment assumed in the U.S. Xpress Acquisition, as well as our terminals and other real estate ~~leases~~leases.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and ~~to a lesser extent, payments for revenue equipment from operating leases. The primary factors affecting the expense are the size and location of our leased properties.~~

2023 —Consolidated rental expense increased ~~$2.6~~$27.9 million for the ~~second~~ quarter ~~of 2023 and $4.2 million for the first half of 2023,~~ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same ~~periods~~period last year. The increase is primarily related to the inclusion of $26.6 million from the results of U.S. Xpress. Additional increases relate to the incorporation of new facilities as we expand our LTL network and ~~was~~were partially offset by a decrease in the rental expense for revenue equipment. We anticipate that rent expense as a percentage of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge, will increase over the remainder of 2023 as we incorporate equipment from U.S. Xpress's lease portfolio into our fleet.


					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,																					Increase (Decrease)
								2024
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)
									(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,						QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023			2022				2023			2022			QTD 2022		YTD 2022
Purchased transportation
		(Dollars in thousands)													Increase (Decrease)

Purchased transportation

Purchased transportation	Purchased transportation	$	258,259		$	384,910			$	538,988		$	771,356		(32.9	%)	(30.1	%)		$	277,257		$	$	280,729			(1.2			(1.2	%)
% of total revenue	% of total revenue	16.6		%	19.6		%		16.9		%	20.4		%	(300	bps)	(350	bps)	% of total revenue			15.2	%			17.1	%		(190	bps)
% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	18.6		%	22.7		%		19.0		%	23.1		%	(410	bps)	(410	bps)	% of revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge			17.2	%			19.4	%		(220	bps)

Purchased transportation expense is comprised of payments to independent contractors in our trucking operations, as well as payments to third-party capacity providers related to logistics, freight management, and non-trucking services in our logistics and intermodal businesses. Purchased transportation is generally affected by capacity in the market as well as changes in fuel prices. As capacity tightens, our payments to third-party capacity providers and to independent contractors tend to increase. Additionally, as fuel prices increase, payments to third-party capacity providers and independent contractors increase.

Comparison Between Quarters Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 —Consolidated purchased transportation expense decreased ~~by $126.7~~$3.5 million for the ~~second~~ quarter ~~of 2023 and $232.4 million for the first half of 2023,~~ended March 31, 2024, as compared to the same ~~periods~~period last ~~year,~~year. The decrease is primarily due to decreased load volume within our logistics ~~business~~ and ~~lower miles driven by independent contractors,~~intermodal businesses, partially offset by ~~increased intermodal load volume.~~$70.7 million from the results of U.S. Xpress.

We expect that consolidated purchased transportation will increase as a percentage of revenue if we grow our logistics and intermodal businesses faster than our full truckload and LTL businesses. The increase could be partially offset if independent contractors exit the market due to regulatory changes.

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30, QTD 2023 vs. YTD 2023 vs.
2023 2022 2023 2022 QTD 2022 YTD 2022
(Dollars in thousands) Increase (Decrease)
Impairments $ — $ — $ — $ 810 — % (100.0 %)


	Quarter Ended March 31,					Increase (Decrease)
		2024		2023
		(Dollars in thousands)



Impairments		$	3,982	$	—		100.0	%

~~In 2022,~~For the quarter ended March 31, 2024, we incurred impairment charges associated with building improvements and certain revenue equipment held for sale (within the Truckload segment and All Other Segments). In connection with our ~~non-reportable segments).~~acquisitions, changes to estimates following the acquisition date could require the Company to record impairment charges.

4541

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30, QTD 2023 vs. YTD 2023 vs.
2023 2022 2023 2022 QTD 2022 YTD 2022
(Dollars in thousands) Increase (Decrease)
Miscellaneous operating expenses $ 36,992 $ 21,396 $ 67,701 $ 32,905 72.9 % 105.7 %


	Quarter Ended March 31,					Increase (Decrease)
		2024		2023
		(Dollars in thousands)



Miscellaneous operating expenses		$	53,832	$	30,709		75.3	%

Miscellaneous operating expenses primarily consist of legal and professional services fees, general and administrative expenses, other costs, as well as net gain on sales of equipment.

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The ~~$15.6~~$23.1 million increase in net consolidated miscellaneous operating expenses is primarily due to the inclusion of $9.3 million from the results of U.S. Xpress as well as a ~~$8.7~~$14.3 million decrease in gain on sales of ~~equipment and $5.3 million in transaction fees related to the acquisition of U.S. Xpress.~~

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date~~ ~~June 30, 2023~~ ~~and 2022~~ — The $34.8 million increase in net consolidated miscellaneous operating expenses is primarily due to a $22.6 million decrease in gain on sales of equipment and $6.9 million in transaction fees related to the acquisition of U.S. Xpress.equipment.

Consolidated Other Expenses (Income)


				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,																			Increase (Decrease)
						2024
							(Dollars in thousands)
							(Dollars in thousands)
							(Dollars in thousands)

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,				QTD 2023 vs.		YTD 2023 vs.
		2023		2022			2023		2022		QTD 2022		YTD 2022
		(Dollars in thousands)									Increase (Decrease)
Interest expense

Interest expense

Interest expense	Interest expense	$	24,354	$	9,345		$	47,445	$	16,025	160.6	%	196.1	%		$	41,236		$		$	23,091			78.6				78.6	%
Other (income) expenses, net	Other (income) expenses, net	(9,679)		25,576			(19,382)		39,981		(137.8	%)	(148.5	%)	Other (income) expenses, net			(8,992)		(9,703)				(9,703)		(7.3					(7.3	%)
Income tax expense		21,959		72,090			54,694		141,264		(69.5	%)	(61.3	%)
Income tax (benefit) expense															Income tax (benefit) expense			(3,674)					32,735				(111.2	%)

Interest expense — Interest expense is comprised of debt and finance lease interest expense as well as amortization of deferred loan costs. The increase in interest expense during the ~~second~~ quarter ~~and the first half of 2023~~ended March 31, 2024 was primarily due to higher ~~interest rates. We expect interest expense to increase by approximately $20.0 million in the second half of 2023 as compared~~debt balances related to the ~~first half, reflecting approximately $800.0 million~~acquisition of ~~additional debt for the~~ U.S. Xpress ~~acquisition and assuming the Federal Reserve rate hiking cycle is nearly completed.~~as well as higher interest rates. Additional details regarding our debt are discussed in Note 6 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

Other (income) expenses, net — Other (income) expenses, net is primarily comprised of losses and (gains) from our various equity investments, ~~including our investment in Embark,~~ as well as certain other non-operating income and expense items that may arise outside of the normal course of business.

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The ~~$35.3~~$0.7 million ~~increase~~decrease in other (income) expenses, net is primarily driven by ~~an unrealized loss on our investment~~a decrease in ~~Embark recorded in~~ the ~~second quarter of 2022 and a net gain recorded within our portfolio of investments during the second quarter of 2023.~~

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date June 30, 2023 and 2022~~ — ~~The $59.4 million increase in other (income) expenses, net is primarily driven by an unrealized loss on our investment in Embark recorded in the first half of 2022 and a~~ net gain recorded within our portfolio of investments during the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2023.~~2024.

Income tax expense — In addition to the discussion below, Note 4 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report provides further analysis related to income taxes.

Comparison Between the Quarters Ended ~~June 30,~~March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The ~~$50.1~~$36.4 million decrease in consolidated income tax expense was primarily due to a reduction of pre-tax income. ~~This resulted in an~~Our effective tax rate ~~of 25.9% for the second quarter of 2023, and 24.7% for the second quarter of 2022.~~

~~Comparison Between Year-to-Date~~ ~~June 30, 2023~~ ~~and 2022~~ — ~~The $86.6 million decrease in consolidated income tax expense was primarily due to a reduction of pre-tax income. This resulted in an effective tax rate of 24.7%~~ for the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2023, and 24.8%~~2024 was 55.1%, compared to 24.0% for the first ~~half~~quarter of ~~2022.~~2023.

4642

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The terms "Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift," "Adjusted EPS," "Adjusted Operating Income," "Adjusted Operating Ratio," and "Free Cash Flow," as we define them, are not presented in accordance with GAAP. These financial measures supplement our GAAP results in evaluating certain aspects of our business. We believe that using these measures improves comparability in analyzing our performance because they remove the impact of items from our operating results that, in our opinion, do not reflect our core operating performance. Management and the Board focus on Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift, Adjusted EPS, Adjusted Operating Income, and Adjusted Operating Ratio as key measures of our performance, all of which are reconciled to the most comparable GAAP financial measures and further discussed below. Management and the Board use Free Cash Flow as a key measure of our liquidity. Free Cash Flow does not represent residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures. We believe our presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures is useful because it provides investors and securities analysts the same information that we use internally for purposes of assessing our core operating performance.

Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift, Adjusted EPS, Adjusted Operating Income, Adjusted Operating Ratio, and Free Cash Flow are not substitutes for their comparable GAAP financial measures, such as net income, cash flows from operating activities, operating income, or other measures prescribed by GAAP. There are limitations to using non-GAAP financial measures. Although we believe that they improve comparability in analyzing our period to period performance, they could limit comparability to other companies in our industry if those companies define these measures differently. Because of these limitations, our non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered measures of income generated by our business or discretionary cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business. Management compensates for these limitations by primarily relying on GAAP results and using non-GAAP financial measures on a supplemental basis.

Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation G, the following tables reconcile GAAP consolidated net income attributable to Knight-Swift to non-GAAP consolidated Adjusted Net Income attributable to Knight-Swift, GAAP consolidated earnings per diluted share to non-GAAP consolidated Adjusted EPS, GAAP consolidated operating ratio to non-GAAP consolidated Adjusted Operating Ratio, GAAP reportable segment operating income to non-GAAP reportable segment Adjusted Operating Income, GAAP reportable segment operating ratio to non-GAAP reportable segment Adjusted Operating Ratio, and GAAP cash flow from operations to non-GAAP Free Cash Flow.

4743

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS


				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
						2024					2024		2023
						(In thousands)						(In thousands)
GAAP: Net (loss) income attributable to Knight-Swift
Adjusted for:
Income tax (benefit) expense attributable to Knight-Swift
Income tax (benefit) expense attributable to Knight-Swift
Income tax (benefit) expense attributable to Knight-Swift
(Loss) Income before income taxes attributable to Knight-Swift
Amortization of intangibles 1
Impairments 2
Legal accruals and loss contingencies 3
Transaction fees 4

Severance expense 5
Severance expense 5
Severance expense 5

		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023		2022			2023		2022
		(In thousands)
GAAP: Net income attributable to Knight-Swift		$	63,326	$	219,492		$	167,610	$	427,829
Adjusted for:
Income tax expense attributable to Knight-Swift		21,959		72,090			54,694		141,264
Income before income taxes attributable to Knight-Swift		85,285		291,582			222,304		569,093
Amortization of intangibles 1		16,505		16,215			32,688		32,381
Impairments 2		—		—			—		810
Legal accruals 3		1,300		(2,000)			1,000		3,055
Transaction fees 4		5,332		—			6,868		—
Severance expense 5		—		—			1,452		—
Change in fair value of deferred earnout 6		(2,500)		—			(2,500)		—
Adjusted income before income taxes

Adjusted income before income taxes	Adjusted income before income taxes	105,922		305,797			261,812		605,339
Provision for income tax expense at effective rate		(27,304)		(75,608)			(64,703)		(150,287)

Adjusted income before income taxes
Provision for income tax expense at effective rate 6
Non-GAAP: Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift	Non-GAAP: Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift	$	78,618	$	230,189		$	197,109	$	455,052

Note: Since the numbers reflected in the table below are calculated on a per share basis, they may not foot due to rounding.


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,					Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023		2022			2023		2022
GAAP: Earnings per diluted share		$	0.39	$	1.35		$	1.04	$	2.60
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
				Quarter Ended March 31,
						2024					2024	2023
GAAP: (Loss) Earnings per diluted share
Adjusted for:	Adjusted for:
Income tax expense attributable to Knight-Swift		0.14		0.44			0.34		0.86
Income before income taxes attributable to Knight-Swift		0.53		1.79			1.37		3.45
Income tax (benefit) expense attributable to Knight-Swift
Income tax (benefit) expense attributable to Knight-Swift
Income tax (benefit) expense attributable to Knight-Swift
(Loss) Income before income taxes attributable to Knight-Swift
Amortization of intangibles 1	Amortization of intangibles 1	0.10		0.10			0.20		0.20

Impairments 2	Impairments 2	—		—			—		—
Legal accruals 3		0.01		(0.01)			0.01		0.02
Impairments 2
Impairments 2
Legal accruals and loss contingencies 3
Transaction fees 4	Transaction fees 4	0.03		—			0.04		—

Severance expense 5	Severance expense 5	—		—			0.01		—
Change in fair value of deferred earnout 6		(0.02)		—			(0.02)		—
Severance expense 5
Severance expense 5

Adjusted income before income taxes	Adjusted income before income taxes	0.65		1.87			1.62		3.67
Provision for income tax expense at effective rate		(0.17)		(0.46)			(0.40)		(0.91)

Adjusted income before income taxes

Adjusted income before income taxes
Provision for income tax expense at effective rate 6
Non-GAAP: Adjusted EPS	Non-GAAP: Adjusted EPS	$	0.49	$	1.41		$	1.22	$	2.76

1 "Amortization of intangibles" reflects the non-cash amortization expense relating to intangible assets identified in the 2017 Merger, the ACT Acquisition, the U.S. Xpress Acquisition, and other acquisitions. Refer to Note 3 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for additional details regarding our acquisitions.

2 ~~"Impairments"~~"Impairments" reflects the non-cash impairment of building improvements and certain revenue equipment held for sale (within ~~our non-reportable segments)~~the Truckload segment and All Other Segments).

3 ~~"Legal accruals"~~"Legal accruals and loss contingencies" are included in "Miscellaneous operating expenses" in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income and reflect the following:

•~~Second~~First quarter ~~2023~~2024 legal ~~accrual~~expense reflects the increased estimated exposure for an accrued legal matter based on a recent settlement agreement.

•First quarter 2023 legal ~~accrual~~expense reflects a decrease in the estimated exposure related to an accrued legal matter previously identified as probable and estimable in prior periods based on a recent settlement agreement.

•~~During~~4 "Transaction fees" consists of legal and professional fees associated with the ~~second quarter~~July 1, 2023 acquisition of ~~2022,~~U.S. Xpress. The transaction fees are primarily included within "Miscellaneous operating expenses" in the ~~company decreased~~condensed statements of comprehensive income.

5 "Severance expense" is included within "Salaries, wages, and benefits" in the ~~estimated exposure related to an accrued legal matter previously identified as probable and estimable in prior periods based on a recent settlement agreement.~~condensed statements of comprehensive income.

4844

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

~~4 "Transaction fees" consists~~6 For the first quarter of ~~legal and professional fees associated with the July 1, 2023 acquisition~~2024, an adjusted effective tax rate of ~~U.S. Xpress. The transaction fees are included within "Miscellaneous operating expenses"~~19.7% was applied in ~~the condensed statements of comprehensive income.~~

~~5 "Severance expense" is included within "Salaries, wages, and benefits" in the condensed statements of comprehensive income.~~our Adjusted EPS calculation to exclude certain discrete items.

6 "Change in fair value of deferred earnout" reflects the expense for the change in fair value of a deferred earnout related to the acquisition of UTXL, which is recorded in "Miscellaneous operating expenses."

Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Ratio


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023			2022				2023			2022
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
								2024												2024	2023
GAAP Presentation	GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)													GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	1,552,979		$	1,961,131			$	3,189,911		$	3,788,120
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	(1,458,949)			(1,635,353)				(2,951,094)			(3,164,256)
Operating income	Operating income	$	94,030		$	325,778			$	238,817		$	623,864
Operating ratio	Operating ratio	93.9		%	83.4		%		92.5		%	83.5		%	Operating ratio	98.9	%	91.2	%

Non-GAAP Presentation	Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Total revenue
Total revenue
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	1,552,979		$	1,961,131			$	3,189,911		$	3,788,120
Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	(162,531)			(266,600)				(349,170)			(445,711)
Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	Revenue, excluding truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	1,390,448			1,694,531				2,840,741			3,342,409

Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	1,458,949			1,635,353				2,951,094			3,164,256
Total operating expenses
Total operating expenses
Adjusted for:	Adjusted for:
Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge
Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge
Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	Truckload and LTL fuel surcharge	(162,531)			(266,600)				(349,170)			(445,711)
Amortization of intangibles 1	Amortization of intangibles 1	(16,505)			(16,215)				(32,688)			(32,381)

Impairments 2	Impairments 2	—			—				—			(810)
Legal accruals 3		(1,300)			2,000				(1,000)			(3,055)

Impairments 2

Impairments 2
Legal accruals and loss contingencies 3
Transaction fees 4	Transaction fees 4	(5,332)			—				(6,868)			—

Severance expense 5	Severance expense 5	—			—				(1,452)			—
Change in fair value of deferred earnout 6		2,500							2,500
Severance expense 5
Severance expense 5

Adjusted Operating Expenses
Adjusted Operating Expenses
Adjusted Operating Expenses	Adjusted Operating Expenses	1,275,781			1,354,538				2,562,416			2,682,299
Adjusted Operating Income	Adjusted Operating Income	$	114,667		$	339,993			$	278,325		$	660,110
Adjusted Operating Ratio	Adjusted Operating Ratio	91.8		%	79.9		%		90.2		%	80.3		%	Adjusted Operating Ratio	96.8	%	88.7	%

1 See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 1.

2 See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 2.

3 See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 3.

4 See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 4.

5 See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 5.

~~6 See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 6.~~

4945

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Reportable Segment Adjusted Operating Income and Adjusted Operating Ratio

Truckload Segment


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023			2022				2023			2022
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
								2024												2024	2023
GAAP Presentation	GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)													GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	953,659		$	1,188,809			$	1,965,904		$	2,269,340
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	(885,748)			(982,513)				(1,782,094)			(1,857,927)
Operating income	Operating income	$	67,911		$	206,296			$	183,810		$	411,413
Operating ratio	Operating ratio	92.9		%	82.6		%		90.7		%	81.9		%	Operating ratio	98.2	%	88.6	%

Non-GAAP Presentation	Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Total revenue
Total revenue
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	953,659		$	1,188,809			$	1,965,904		$	2,269,340
Fuel surcharge	Fuel surcharge	(124,004)			(206,931)				(269,268)			(345,592)
Intersegment transactions	Intersegment transactions	(282)			(399)				(1,283)			(735)
Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions	Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions	829,373			981,479				1,695,353			1,923,013

Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	885,748			982,513				1,782,094			1,857,927
Total operating expenses
Total operating expenses
Adjusted for:	Adjusted for:
Fuel surcharge
Fuel surcharge
Fuel surcharge	Fuel surcharge	(124,004)			(206,931)				(269,268)			(345,592)
Intersegment transactions	Intersegment transactions	(282)			(399)				(1,283)			(735)
Amortization of intangibles 1	Amortization of intangibles 1	(299)			(323)				(642)			(647)

Severance expense 2
Severance expense 2
Severance expense 2
Impairments 3

Adjusted Operating Expenses

Adjusted Operating Expenses

Adjusted Operating Expenses	Adjusted Operating Expenses	761,163			774,860				1,510,901			1,510,953
Adjusted Operating Income	Adjusted Operating Income	$	68,210		$	206,619			$	184,452		$	412,060
Adjusted Operating Ratio	Adjusted Operating Ratio	91.8		%	78.9		%		89.1		%	78.6		%	Adjusted Operating Ratio	97.3	%	86.6	%

1"Amortization of intangibles" reflects the non-cash amortization expense relating to intangible assets identified in historical Knight ~~acquisitions.~~acquisitions and the U.S. Xpress Acquisition.

2See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 5.

3See Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Consolidated Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Knight-Swift and Adjusted EPS footnote 2.

5046

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

LTL Segment


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023			2022				2023			2022
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
								2024												2024	2023
GAAP Presentation	GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)													GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	267,105		$	283,847			$	522,409		$	538,972
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	(236,867)			(240,080)				(465,589)			(468,828)
Operating income	Operating income	$	30,238		$	43,767			$	56,820		$	70,144
Operating ratio	Operating ratio	88.7		%	84.6		%		89.1		%	87.0		%	Operating ratio	92.8	%	89.6	%

Non-GAAP Presentation	Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Total revenue
Total revenue
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	267,105		$	283,847			$	522,409		$	538,972
Fuel surcharge	Fuel surcharge	(38,527)			(59,669)				(79,902)			(100,119)

Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge and intersegment transactions		228,578			224,178				442,507			438,853
Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge
Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge
Revenue, excluding fuel surcharge

Total operating expenses
Total operating expenses
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	236,867			240,080				465,589			468,828
Adjusted for:	Adjusted for:
Fuel surcharge	Fuel surcharge	(38,527)			(59,669)				(79,902)			(100,119)
Fuel surcharge
Fuel surcharge

Amortization of intangibles 1
Amortization of intangibles 1
Amortization of intangibles 1	Amortization of intangibles 1	(3,920)			(3,995)				(7,840)			(7,940)

Adjusted Operating Expenses	Adjusted Operating Expenses	194,420			176,416				377,847			360,769

Adjusted Operating Expenses

Adjusted Operating Expenses
Adjusted Operating Income	Adjusted Operating Income	$	34,158		$	47,762			$	64,660		$	78,084
Adjusted Operating Ratio	Adjusted Operating Ratio	85.1		%	78.7		%		85.4		%	82.2		%	Adjusted Operating Ratio	90.0	%	85.7	%

1"Amortization of intangibles" reflects the non-cash amortization expense relating to intangible assets identified with the ACT and MME acquisitions.

Logistics Segment


		Quarter-to-Date June 30,							Year-to-Date June 30,
		2023			2022				2023			2022
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
					Quarter Ended March 31,
								2024												2024	2023
GAAP Presentation	GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)													GAAP Presentation	(Dollars in thousands)
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	119,943		$	248,662			$	258,226		$	530,701
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	(110,377)			(204,913)				(235,840)			(447,351)
Operating income	Operating income	$	9,566		$	43,749			$	22,386		$	83,350
Operating ratio	Operating ratio	92.0		%	82.4		%		91.3		%	84.3		%	Operating ratio	98.0	%	90.7	%

Non-GAAP Presentation	Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Non-GAAP Presentation
Total revenue
Total revenue
Total revenue	Total revenue	$	119,943		$	248,662			$	258,226		$	530,701

Intersegment transactions
Intersegment transactions
Intersegment transactions	Intersegment transactions	(2,161)			(1,343)				(3,667)			(3,211)
Revenue, excluding intersegment transactions	Revenue, excluding intersegment transactions	117,782			247,319				254,559			527,490

Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	110,377			204,913				235,840			447,351
Total operating expenses
Total operating expenses
Adjusted for:	Adjusted for:

Intersegment transactions

Intersegment transactions

Intersegment transactions	Intersegment transactions	(2,161)			(1,343)				(3,667)			(3,211)
Amortization of intangibles 1	Amortization of intangibles 1	(334)			(334)				(668)			(668)

Adjusted Operating Expenses	Adjusted Operating Expenses	107,882			203,236				231,505			443,472
Adjusted Operating Expenses
Adjusted Operating Expenses
Adjusted Operating Income	Adjusted Operating Income	$	9,900		$	44,083			$	23,054		$	84,018
Adjusted Operating Ratio	Adjusted Operating Ratio	91.6		%	82.2		%		90.9		%	84.1		%	Adjusted Operating Ratio	97.1	%	90.4	%

1"Amortization of intangibles" reflects the non-cash amortization expense relating to intangible assets identified in the U.S. Xpress and UTXL ~~acquisition.~~acquisitions.

5147

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Intermodal Segment

Quarter-to-Date June 30, Year-to-Date June 30,
2023 2022 2023 2022
GAAP Presentation (Dollars in thousands)
Total revenue $ 104,327 $ 132,871 $ 214,899 $ 242,093
Total operating expenses (110,959) (118,699) (216,429) (212,751)
Operating income $ (6,632) $ 14,172 $ (1,530) $ 29,342
Operating ratio 106.4 % 89.3 % 100.7 % 87.9 %
Non-GAAP Presentation
Total revenue $ 104,327 $ 132,871 $ 214,899 $ 242,093
Intersegment transactions — (17) — (47)
Revenue, excluding intersegment transactions 104,327 132,854 214,899 242,046
Total operating expenses 110,959 118,699 216,429 212,751
Adjusted for:
Intersegment transactions — (17) — (47)
Adjusted Operating Expenses 110,959 118,682 216,429 212,704
Adjusted Operating Income $ (6,632) $ 14,172 $ (1,530) $ 29,342
Adjusted Operating Ratio 106.4 % 89.3 % 100.7 % 87.9 %


	Quarter Ended March 31,
		2024			2023
GAAP Presentation		(Dollars in thousands)
Total revenue		$	87,985		$	110,572
Total operating expenses		(92,893)			(105,470)
Operating (loss) income		$	(4,908)		$	5,102
Operating ratio		105.6		%	95.4		%

Non-GAAP Reconciliation: Free Cash Flow


	~~Year-to-Date June 30, 2023~~Quarter Ended March 31, 2024

GAAP: Cash flows from operations	$	~~722,190~~37,275
Adjusted for:
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment, including assets held for sale	~~98,755~~50,605
Purchases of property and equipment	~~(517,856)~~(191,905)
Non-GAAP: Free Cash Flow	$	~~303,089~~ (104,025)


Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

Our primary sources of liquidity are funds provided by operations and the following:


Source	March 31, 2024
	(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash	$	204,762
Availability under 2021 Revolver, due September 2026 1	880,007
Availability under 2023 RSA, due October 2025 2	3,875

Total unrestricted liquidity	$	1,088,644
Cash and cash equivalents – restricted 3	140,229
Restricted investments, held-to-maturity, amortized cost 3	—
Total liquidity, including restricted cash and restricted investments	$	1,228,873

1 As of March 31, 2024, we had $202.0 million borrowings under our $1.1 billion 2021 Revolver. We additionally had $18.0 million in outstanding letters of credit (discussed below) issued under the 2021 Revolver, leaving $880.0 million available under the 2021 Revolver.

2 Based on eligible receivables at March 31, 2024, our borrowing base for the 2023 RSA was $479.6 million, while outstanding borrowings were $454.0 million, leaving $3.9 million available under the 2023 RSA. Refer to Note 5 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information regarding the 2023 RSA.

3 Restricted cash and restricted investments are primarily held by our captive insurance companies for claims payments. "Cash and cash equivalents – restricted" consists of $136.2 million included in "Cash and cash equivalents – restricted" on the condensed consolidated balance sheet held by Mohave and Red Rock for claims payments. The remaining $4.1 million is included in "Other long-term assets" and is held in escrow accounts to meet statutory requirements.

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED


~~Liquidity and Capital Resources~~

~~Sources of Liquidity~~

~~Our primary sources of liquidity are funds provided by operations and the following:~~


~~Source~~	~~June 30, 2023~~
	~~(In thousands)~~
~~Cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash~~	$	~~228,957~~
~~Availability under 2021 Revolver, due September 2026~~ 1	~~878,760~~
~~Availability under 2022 RSA, due April 2024~~ 2	~~42,000~~

~~Total unrestricted liquidity~~	$	~~1,149,717~~
~~Cash and cash equivalents – restricted~~ 3	~~699,212~~
~~Restricted investments, held-to-maturity, amortized cost~~ 3	~~3,082~~
~~Total liquidity, including restricted cash and restricted investments~~	$	~~1,852,011~~

1 As of June 30, 2023, we had $210.0 million borrowings under our $1.1 billion 2021 Revolver. We additionally had $11.2 million in outstanding letters of credit (discussed below) issued under the 2021 Revolver, leaving $878.8 million available under the 2021Revolver.

2 Based on eligible receivables at June 30, 2023, our borrowing base for the 2022 RSA was $381.0 million, while outstanding borrowings were $339.0 million, leaving $42.0 million available under the 2022 RSA. Refer to Note 5 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for more information regarding the 2022 RSA.

3 Restricted cash and restricted investments includes $444.7 million restricted for our acquisition of U.S. Xpress with the remaining amount primarily held by our captive insurance companies for claims payments. "Cash and cash equivalents – restricted" consists of $444.7 million included in "Acquisition escrow" on the condensed consolidated balance sheet held for the U.S. Xpress acquisition and $251.4 million included in "Cash and cash equivalents – restricted" on the condensed consolidated balance sheet held by Mohave and Red Rock for claims payments. The remaining $3.1 million is included in "Other long-term assets" and is held in escrow accounts to meet statutory requirements.

Uses of Liquidity

Our business requires substantial amounts of cash for operating activities, including salaries and wages paid to our employees, contract payments to independent contractors, insurance and claims payments, tax payments, and others. We also use large amounts of cash and credit for the following activities:

Capital Expenditures — When justified by customer demand, as well as our liquidity and our ability to generate acceptable returns, we make substantial cash capital expenditures to maintain a modern company tractor fleet, refresh and expand our trailer fleet, expand our network of LTL service centers, and, to a lesser extent, fund upgrades to our terminals and technology in our various service offerings. In connection with our business strategy, we regularly evaluate acquisition and strategic partnership opportunities. We expect net cash capital expenditures, will be in the range of ~~$700.0~~$625.0 – ~~$750.0~~$675.0 million for full-year ~~2023, which has been updated from $640.0 million to $690.0 million to include anticipated expenditures for U.S. Xpress.~~2024. This range excludes cash outlays for completed and potential acquisitions. We believe we have ample flexibility in our trade cycle and purchase agreements to alter our current plans if economic and other conditions warrant.

Over the long-term, we will continue to have significant capital requirements, which may require us to seek additional borrowing, lease financing, or equity capital. The availability of financing or equity capital will depend upon our financial condition and results of operations as well as prevailing market conditions. If such additional borrowing, lease financing, or equity capital is not available at the time we need it, then we may need to borrow more under the 2021 Revolver (if not then fully drawn), extend the maturity of then-outstanding debt, rely on alternative financing arrangements, engage in asset sales, limit our fleet size, or operate our revenue equipment for longer periods.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

~~MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED~~

There can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain additional debt under our existing financial arrangements to satisfy our ongoing capital requirements. However, we believe the combination of our expected cash flows, financing available through operating and finance leases, available funds under our accounts receivable securitization, and availability under the 2021 Revolver will be sufficient to fund our expected capital expenditures for at least the next twelve months.

Principal and Interest Payments — As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we had debt, accounts receivable securitization, and finance lease obligations of ~~$2.2~~$2.7 billion, which are discussed under "Material Debt Agreements," below. Certain cash flows from operations are committed to minimum payments of principal and interest on our debt and lease obligations. Additionally, when our financial position allows, we periodically make voluntary prepayments on our outstanding debt balances.

Letters of Credit — Pursuant to the terms of the 2021 Debt Agreement and the ~~2022~~2023 RSA, our lenders may issue standby letters of credit on our behalf. When we have certain letters of credit outstanding, the availability under the 2021 Revolver or ~~2022~~2023 RSA is reduced accordingly. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, we also had outstanding letters of credit of ~~$245.8~~$264.5 million pursuant to a bilateral agreement which do not impact the availability of the 2021 Revolver and ~~2022~~2023 RSA. Standby letters of credit are typically issued for the benefit of regulatory authorities, insurance companies and state departments of insurance for the purpose of satisfying certain collateral requirements, primarily related to our automobile, workers' compensation, and general insurance liabilities.

Share Repurchases — From time to time, and depending on Free Cash Flow1 availability, debt levels, common stock prices, general economic and market conditions, as well as internal approval requirements, we may repurchase shares of our outstanding common stock. As of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, the Company had $200.0 million remaining under the 2022 Knight-Swift Share Repurchase Plan.Additional details regarding our share repurchase plans are discussed in Note 10 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

~~Working Capital~~

We had a working capital surplus of $939.7 million as of June 30, 2023 and $599.6 million as of December 31, 2022. The increase in our working capital surplus is primarily due to the $444.7 million acquisition escrow related to the U.S. Xpress acquisition.

~~Material Debt Agreements~~

~~As of June 30, 2023, we had $2.2 billion in material debt obligations at the following carrying values:~~

•~~$199.8 million: 2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 2024, net of $0.2 million in deferred loan costs~~

•~~$798.9 million: 2021 Term Loan A-3, due September 2026, net of $1.1 million in deferred loan costs~~

•~~$249.0 million: 2023 Term Loan, due September 2026, net of $1.0 million in deferred loan costs~~

•~~$338.6 million: 2022 RSA outstanding borrowings, net of $0.4 million in deferred loan costs~~

•~~$393.6 million: Finance lease obligations~~

•~~$210.0 million: 2021 Revolver, due September 2026~~

•~~$30.2 million: Other, net of approximately $36,000 in deferred loan costs~~

~~As of December 31, 2022, we had $1.9 billion in material debt obligations at the following carrying values:~~

•~~$199.8 million: 2021 Term Loan A-2,~~ ~~due~~ ~~September 2024, net of $0.2 million in deferred loan costs~~

•~~$798.7 million: 2021 Term Loan A-3,~~ ~~due~~ ~~September 2026, net of $1.3 million in deferred loan costs~~

•~~$418.6 million: 2022 RSA outstanding borrowings, net of $0.4 million in deferred loan costs~~

•~~$403.0 million: Finance lease obligations~~

•~~$43.0 million: 2021 Revolver, due September 2026~~

•~~$39.0 million: Other, net of $0.1 million in deferred loan costs~~

________

1Refer to "Non-GAAP Financial Measures."

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Working Capital

We had a working capital deficit of $111.1 million as of March 31, 2024 and a working capital deficit of $116.3 million as of December 31, 2023. Our working capital deficit is primarily related to the current maturity related to the 2021 Term Loan A-2 which matures in September 2024.

Material Debt Agreements

As of March 31, 2024, we had $2.7 billion in material debt obligations at the following carrying values:

•$199.9 million: 2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 2024, net of $0.1 million in deferred loan costs

•$799.1 million: 2021 Term Loan A-3, due September 2026, net of $0.9 million in deferred loan costs

•$249.2 million: 2023 Term Loan, due September 2026, net of $0.8 million in deferred loan costs

•$453.6 million: 2023 RSA outstanding borrowings, net of $0.4 million in deferred loan costs

•$532.7 million: Finance lease obligations

•$202.0 million: 2021 Revolver, due September 2026

•$269.3 million: Revenue equipment installment notes

•$24.8 million: Other, net of approximately $19,000 in deferred loan costs

As of December 31, 2023, we had $2.7 billion in material debt obligations at the following carrying values:

•$199.9 million: 2021 Term Loan A-2, due September 2024, net of $0.1 million in deferred loan costs

•$799.1 million: 2021 Term Loan A-3, due September 2026, net of $0.9 million in deferred loan costs

•$249.1 million: 2023 Term Loan, due September 2026, net of $0.9 million in deferred loan costs

•$526.5 million: 2023 RSA outstanding borrowings, net of $0.5 million in deferred loan costs

•$528.9 million: Finance lease obligations

•$67.0 million: 2021 Revolver, due September 2026

•$279.3 million: Revenue equipment installment notes

•$33.6 million: Other, net of $22,000 in deferred loan costs


Cash Flow Analysis


	Quarter Ended March 31,							Quarter Ended March 31,	Change
		Year-to-Date June 30,				Change
		2023		2022
		(In thousands)
		(In thousands)
		(In thousands)
		(In thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	$	722,190	$	719,984	$	2,206
Net cash used in investing activities	Net cash used in investing activities	(415,990)		(204,306)		(211,684)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		236,624		(552,361)		788,985
Net cash used in financing activities

Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

Comparison Between ~~Year-to-Date June 30,~~Quarter Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The ~~$2.2~~$307.9 million ~~increase~~decrease in net cash provided by operating activities included a ~~$385.0~~$124.2 million decrease in operating income for year-to-date ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, a $161.1 million cash payment for a commutation agreement to transfer certain outstanding insurance reserves to a third party, and a ~~$31.8~~$19.3 million increase in cash paid for interest, ~~and~~which was partially offset by a ~~$137.9~~$2.0 million decrease in cash paid for ~~taxes and a $230.2 million decrease in our trade receivables balances resulting in higher cash receipts.~~taxes. Note: Factors affecting the increase in operating income are discussed in "Results of Operations — Consolidated Operating and Other Expenses."

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — CONTINUED

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

Comparison Between ~~Year-to-Date June 30,~~Quarter Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — The ~~$211.7~~$57.6 million ~~increase~~decrease in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a ~~$227.8~~$59.7 million ~~increase~~decrease in net cash capital expenditures.

Net Cash Used in Financing Activities

Comparison Between ~~Year-to-Date June 30,~~Quarter Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 ~~and 2022~~ — Net cash ~~provided by (used in)~~used in financing activities ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$789.0~~$112.4 million, primarily due to ~~$250.0~~$178.0 million ~~in proceeds from the 2023 Term Loan, $298.0 million~~increase in net proceeds from our 2021 Revolver, ~~and a $299.9 million decrease in repurchases of our common stock. This~~which was partially offset by the $38.0 million increase in ~~$80.0 million~~ net repayments our 2023 RSA, and a $35.8 million increase in payments on our ~~2021 RSA.~~finance leases and long-term debt.


Seasonality

Discussion regarding the impact of seasonality on our business is included in Note 1 in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements, included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report, incorporated by reference herein.


Inflation

Most of our operating expenses are inflation-sensitive, with inflation generally leading to increased costs of operations. Price increases in manufacturer revenue equipment has impacted the cost for us to acquire new equipment. Cost increases have also impacted the cost of parts for equipment repairs and maintenance. The qualified driver shortage experienced by the trucking industry overall has had the effect of increasing compensation paid to our driving associates. We have also experienced inflation in insurance and claims cost related to health insurance and claims as well as auto liability insurance and claims. Prolonged periods of inflation have recently and could continue to cause interest rates, fuel, wages, and other costs to increase as well. Any of these factors could adversely affect our results of operations unless freight rates correspondingly increase.


Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report, which is incorporated herein by reference, for the impact of recently issued accounting pronouncements on the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~


ITEM 3.			QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Risk

We have exposure from variable interest rates, primarily related to our 2021 Debt Agreement, 2023 Term Loan, and ~~2022~~2023 RSA. These variable interest rates are impacted by changes in short-term interest rates. We primarily manage interest rate exposure through a mix of variable rate debt (weighted average rate of ~~6.2%~~6.3% as of ~~June 30, 2023)~~March 31, 2024) and fixed rate equipment lease financing. Assuming the level of borrowings as of ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, a hypothetical one percentage point increase in interest rates would increase our annual interest expense by ~~$18.3~~$19.1 million.

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

Commodity Price Risk

We have commodity exposure with respect to fuel used in company-owned tractors. Increases in fuel prices would continue to raise our operating costs, even after applying fuel surcharge revenue. Historically, we have been able to recover a majority of fuel price increases from our customers in the form of fuel surcharges. The weekly average diesel price per gallon in the US decreased to ~~$3.94~~$3.96 for the ~~second~~first quarter of ~~2023~~2024 from an average of ~~$5.53~~$4.40 in the ~~second~~first quarter of ~~2022. The weekly average diesel price per gallon decreased to $4.16 for year-to-date June 30, 2023 from an average price of $4.95 for year-to-date June 30, 2022.~~2023. We cannot predict the extent or speed of potential changes in fuel price levels in the future, the degree to which the lag effect of our fuel surcharge programs will impact us as a result of the timing and magnitude of such changes, or the extent to which effective fuel surcharges can be maintained and collected to offset such increases. We generally have not used derivative financial instruments to hedge our fuel price exposure in the past, but continue to evaluate this possibility. To mitigate the impact of rising fuel costs, we contract with some of our fuel suppliers to buy fuel at a fixed price or within banded pricing for a specified period, usually not exceeding twelve months. However, these purchase commitments only cover a small portion of our fuel consumption. Accordingly, fuel price fluctuations may still negatively impact us.


ITEM 4.			CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) to ensure that material information relating to us, including our consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to the officers who certify our financial reports and to other members of senior management and the Board. Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms, and (2) accumulated and communicated to management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We base our internal control over financial reporting on the criteria set forth in the 2013 COSO Internal Control: Integrated Framework.

~~Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms~~

~~KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.~~

We have confidence in our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting. Nevertheless, our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors, misstatements, or fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected.

Table of ContentsGlossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

PART II OTHER INFORMATION


ITEM 1.			LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Information about our legal proceedings is included in Note 9 of the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements, included in Part I, Item 1, of this Quarterly Report for the period ended ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, and is incorporated by reference herein.


ITEM 1A.			RISK FACTORS

While we attempt to identify, manage, and mitigate risks and uncertainties associated with our business, some level of risk and uncertainty will always be present. Our ~~2022~~2023 Annual Report ~~and our Quarterly Report for the quarter period ended March 31, 2023~~ in the sections entitled "Item 1A. Risk Factors," ~~describe~~describes some of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business.


ITEM 2.			UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Approximate Dollar Value That May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs 1
	(in thousands, except per share data)




~~April~~January 1, ~~2023~~2024 to ~~April 30, 2023~~January 31, 2024	—	$	—	—	$	200,041
~~May~~February 1, ~~2023~~2024 to ~~May 31, 2023~~February 29, 2024	—	$	—	—	$	200,041
~~June~~March 1, ~~2023~~2024 to ~~June 30, 2023~~March 31, 2024	—	$	—	—	$	200,041
Total	—	$	—	—	$	200,041

1OnIn April ~~25,~~ 2022, we announced that the Board had approved the $350.0 million 2022 Knight-Swift Share Repurchase Plan, replacing the 2020 Knight-Swift Share Repurchase Plan. There is no expiration date associated with the 2022 Knight-Swift Share Repurchase Plan. See Note 10 in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report regarding our share repurchase plans.


ITEM 3.			DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

Not applicable.


ITEM 4.			MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.


ITEM 5.			OTHER INFORMATION

During the quarter ended ~~June 30, 2023,~~March 31, 2024, no director or officer adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement.

5753

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.


ITEM 6.			EXHIBITS

Exhibit
Number

Description

Page or Method of Filing

3.1

Fourth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc.

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020

3.2

~~Fourth~~Fifth Amended and Restated By-laws of Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc.

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form 8-K filed on ~~February 9, 2022~~November 12, 2023

10.1

~~Credit~~Severance Agreement ~~dated as of June 22, 2023,~~and Release by and ~~among~~between David A. Jackson and Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings Inc., ~~the Lender referred to therein, Bank~~dated as of ~~America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, and PNC Bank National Association and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as Lenders and Co-Syndication Agents~~March 8, 2024

Filed herewith

31.1

Certification pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by David A. Jackson, the Company's Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer).

~~Filed herewith~~

~~31.2~~

Certification pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Adam W. Miller, the Company's Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer).

Filed herewith

31.2

Certification pursuant to Item 601(b)(31) of Regulation S-K, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Andrew Hess, the Company's Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer).

Filed herewith

32.1

~~Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by David A. Jackson, the Company's Chief Executive Officer.~~

~~Furnished herewith~~

~~32.2~~

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Adam W. Miller, the Company's Chief ~~Financial~~Executive Officer.

Furnished herewith

32.2

Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by Andrew Hess, the Company's Chief Financial Officer.

Furnished herewith

101.INS

Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

Filed herewith

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document

Filed herewith

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document

Filed herewith

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document

Filed herewith

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document

Filed herewith

104

Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

Filed herewith

5854

Table of Contents Glossary of Terms

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

KNIGHT-SWIFT TRANSPORTATION HOLDINGS INC.

Date:

~~August 2, 2023~~

~~/s/ David A. Jackson~~

~~David A. Jackson~~

~~Chief Executive Officer and President, in his capacity as~~

~~such and on behalf of the registrant~~

~~Date:~~

~~August 2, 2023~~May 1, 2024

/s/ Adam W. Miller

Adam W. Miller

Chief Executive Officer, in his capacity as such and on

behalf of the registrant

Date:

May 1, 2024

/s/ Andrew Hess

Andrew Hess

Chief Financial Officer, in his capacity as such and on

behalf of the registrant

5955








Share Repurchase Plan		Quarter-to-Date June 30, 2022			Year-to-Date June 30, 2022
Board Approval Date	Authorized Amount	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount
		(shares and dollars in thousands)
November 24, 2020	$250,000	98	$	5,101	2,821	$	149,982
April 19, 2022 1	$350,000	3,180	$	149,959	3,180	$	149,959
		3,278	$	155,060	6,001	$	299,941